Volume 23, Number 1, March 2018CONTENTS SAGEEP 2018 SYMPOSIUM ON THE APPLICATION OF GEOPHYSICS TO ENGINEERING & ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Nashville, Tennessee Nashville Airport Marriott March 25th - 29th 31st SAGEEP Conference Edition http://www.eegs.org/sageep-2018 FastTIMES is the Technical News Magazine of the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION PARK SEISMIC ParkSEIS© (PS) for MASW Data Analysis ParkSEIS© (PS) AUTO (v. 3.0) includes a fully-automated (\"one click\") process to generate the 1D or 2D velocity (Vs) profile. It incorporates up-to-date algorithms for active, passive, and active/passive MASW surveys to produce • shear-wave velocity (Vs) profiles (1-D, 2-D, and depth slice) • back scattering analysis (BSA) for anomaly detection • common-offset sections for quick evaluation of subsurface conditions • modeling MASW seismic records and dispersion curves ParkSEIS© (PS) has been used to process data sets from hundreds of different sites and available for purchase and lease. Visit parkseismic.com or contact [email protected]. 2 Vol 23, 1 2018
K. D. JONES INSTRUMENT CORP. SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONVol 23, 1 2018 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS – SAGEEP 2018 CONFERENCE DETAILS ADVERTISERS EEGS 6 Park Seismic 2 EEGS Corporate Members – 2017 7 K. D. Jones 3 EEGS Society – Board & FastTIMES 8 Geometrics 20 Membership Renewals 9 Interpex Software 25 JEEG Report Exploration Instruments 40 FastTIMES 2018 Planned Upcoming 10 Mount Sopris 59 Special Issues & Advertising Opportunities 11-13 Geophysical Consulting & Services 69 Calendar of Events Geostuff - AnySeis 71 EEGS Membership Categories 183 Geonics 73 EEGS Individual Membership 186-188 Geosoft 82 EEGS Corporate Membership 189-191 EAGE 91 EEGS & SAGEEP Publications 192-193 Geophex 94 SurfSeis 96SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION EDITORIALS & CONFERENCE ORGANIZATION 10 Advertising in SAGEEP Conference 18 SAGEEP 2018 Conference Committee FastTIMES 19 SAGEEP 2018 Sponsorships 14 President’s Message – SAGEEP 2018 14 EEGS Lunchon – Special Event 23 SAGEEP 2018 Technical Program Committee 15-16 From the Conference Chair 17 FastTIMES Editorial – SAGEEP 2018 26 Registration & Whova Information 17 Publishing SAGEEP 2018 Presentations 31-33 EEGS Foundation Online and Silent Auctions CONFERENCE SCHEDULES 21-22 SC-4: From AEM Data to 77 OF TECHNICAL PROGRAM 24 3D Hydrogeological Conceptual Schedule-at-a-Glance 26 SC-5: Understanding “Why” and “How” to use 78 Sessions And Co-Chairs TDEM Methods for Near-surfaceApplications Registration & Whova Information 28-29 SC-6: Land and Marine Resistivity/IP 79 Sageep 2018 Host Hotel/Conference Venue 30 Imaging in 2D, 3D and 4D Special Events SC-7: Satellite InSAR Data: 80-81 Nashville Tourist & Transport Information 36-38 Reservoir Monitoring from Space 83 Awards & Keynote Presentation 39 SC-8: Working With UX-ANALYZE Plenary Session and Best of EAGE 2017 41 85 Detailed Daily Schedules FIELD TRIPS 88 46-58 Mammoth Cave/ Corvette Museum Field Trip EXHIBITORS Center Hill and Normandy Dams Field Trip 42 Exhibitors & Booth Location Map 61 43 Exhibitors & Meeting Floor Plan 2018 62 KEYNOTE SPEAKER, 44-45 Outdoor Demonstrations 63 LUNCHEON EVENTS & SOCIAL PROGRAM 34 70 Keynote Speaker – Roy Van Arsdale, Ph.D. 35 SHORT COURSES Best of EAGE Near-Surface Geoscience 2017 92-94 SC-1: Passive Surface Wave Methods, 74 Geoscientists Without Borders® Luncheon Theory and Practice Hermitage – Conference Evening Social Event Vol 23, 1 2018 SC-2: GPR Principles, Practice & Processing 75 Student Event – Douglas Corner Café 76 4 REGULAR COLUMN – geoDRONE REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS – SAGEEP 2018 SESSION ABSTRACTSMONDAY, MARCH 26TH PROGRAM Perspective on Military Munitions Response Program 141 (MMRP) GeophysicsBest of EAGE Near-Surface Geoscience 2017 43Earthquakes & Volcanoes 97-98 Site application of munition classification technologiesElectrical Methods I 99 contractor experiences – both good and bad I 142Electrical Methods II 100-101 Site application of munition classification technologies contractor experiences – both good and bad II 143Fluid flow monitoring 102 Tuesday Poster Session II 144-147Ground Penetrating Radar I 103Ground Penetrating Radar II 104-105 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH PROGRAMMississippi Aquifer investigation, Borehole geophysics 148-149 SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONcharacterization and processes 106-107 Characterizing and modeling difficult hydrogeological systemsTransportation & infrastructure I 113 150-151Transportation & infrastructure II 114-115 Dams and levees I 152Monday Poster Session I 108-112 Dams and levees II 153-154 Humanitarian geophysics 155-156TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH PROGRAM Hydrogeophysics I 157-158Airborne EM, airborne, remote sensing & drones I 116-117 Hydrogeophysics II 159-160Airborne EM, airborne, remote sensing & drones II 118 Innovative applications of geophysics on Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) projectsArchaeology I 119 161-162Archaeology II 120 Non-acoustic (EM and other) methods for marine explosives of concern (MEC) detection andElectromagnetics I 121-122 classification 163-164Electromagnetics II 123-124 Non-destructive testing for engineering problems 165Electromagnetics III 125 Recent results in marine acoustic methods for military munitions detection and classification IEnvironmental Security Technology Certification 166-167Program (ESTCP) sponsored ordnance classificationresults and re-analyses 126 Recent results in marine acoustic methods for military munitions detection and classification II 168Geophysics education I 127 Seismic Methods I 169-170Geophysics education II 128-129 Seismic Methods II 171-172Karst and sinkholes 130-131 Seismic Methods III 173Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) I 132-133 SIP - recent achievements regarding understanding, measurement, and inversionMultichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) II 134-135 174Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) III 136 Soil science/Agriculture 175Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) IV 137 Special Session: Geophysics for Urban 176- 177 Underground Space Development INuclear magnetic resonance I 138-139 Special Session: Geophysics for UrbanNuclear magnetic resonance II 140 Underground Space Development II 178- 179 Uncertainty, data fusion, big data & data mining 180 Wednesday Poster Session III 181-182 Vol 23, 1 2018 5
EEGS CORPORATE MEMBERS – 2017SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION EEGS Corporate Members Ontash & Ermac, Inc. Corporate Benefactor www.ontash.com Your Company Here! 2018 Corporate Membership R. T. Clark Co. Inc. Renewals and Applications still open. www.rtclark.com Corporate Associate Scintrex Limited Advanced Geosciences, Inc. www.scintrexltd.com www.agiusa.com Sensors & Software Inc. Allied Associates Geophysical Ltd. www.sensoft.ca www.allied-associates.co.uk SkyTEM Canada Inc. Exploration Instruments LLC http://skytem.com/time-domain-electro- www.expins.com magnetic/ Geogiga Technology Corporation Vista Clara Inc. www.geogiga.com www.vista-clara.com Geometrics, Inc. Zonge international, Inc www.geometrics.com www.zonge.com Geonics Ltd. Corporate Donor www.geonics.com Fugro Consultants, Inc. Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. www.fugroconsultants.com www.geophysical.com Geomar Software Inc. Geosoft Inc. www.geomar.com www.geosoft.com Geomatrix Earth Science Ltd. Geostuff www.geomatrix.co.uk www.geostuff.com hydroGEOPHYSICS Inc. (HGI) GeoVista Ltd. www.hgiworld.com www.geovista.co.uk Petros Eikon Incorporated IDS Geo Radar www.petroseikon.com www.idscorporation.com/ids-subsidiaries/ids- Quality Geosciences Company, LLC north-america/ www.quality-geophysics.com Mount Sopris Instrument Company Inc Spotlight Geophysical Services www.mountsopris.com www.spotlightgeo.com Northwest Geophysics, LLC Zonge international, Inc www.northwestgeophysics.com www.zonge.com 6 Vol 23, 1 2018
EEGS SOCIETYFastTIMES (ISSN 1943-6505) is published by BOARD OF DIRECTORS • Vice-President - Committeesthe Environmental and Engineering Geophysi- Lia Martinezcal Society (EEGS). It is available electronically • President(as a pdf document) from the EEGS website Laura Sherrod Mount Sopris Instrument Company, Inc. [email protected](www.eegs.org). • Vice-President - SAGEEP [email protected] Jeffrey G. Paine • Vice-President Elect - SAGEEPABOUT EEGS [email protected] John Stowell (Retired) • Immediate Past President [email protected] Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Bethany L. Burton • Vice-President Elect - CommitteesSociety (EEGS) is an applied scientific organiza- [email protected] Michael Kalinski, Ph.D.tion founded in 1992. Our mission: • President - Elect [email protected] Rick A. Hoover [email protected]“To promote the science of geophysics espe- AT-LARGE BOARD MEMBERScially as it is applied to environmental and en-gineering problems; to foster common scientific Katherine Grote Carole D. Johnson SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONinterests of geophysicists and their colleagues in [email protected] [email protected] related sciences and engineering; to main- John M. Jackson Darren Mortimertain a high professional standing among its mem- [email protected] [email protected]; and to promote fellowship and cooperation John Jansen Peeter Pehmeamong persons interested in the science.” [email protected] [email protected] strive to accomplish our mission in many CONTRIBUTORS • General Chair, SAGEEP 2018ways, including (1) holding the annual Sympo- William Doll, Oak Ridge, TNsium on the Application of Geophysics to Engi- • International Board Liaison [email protected] and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP); Micki Allen, Markham, ON, Canada • Editor, JEEG(2) publishing the Journal of Environmental & En- [email protected] Dale Rucker, Tucson, AZgineering Geophysics (JEEG), a peer-reviewed • Technical Co-chairs, SAGEEP 2018 [email protected] devoted to near-surface geophysics; Andrew Parsekian, Laramie, WY(3) publishing FastTIMES, a magazine for the [email protected] community, and (4) maintaining re- • Technical Co-Chair, SAGEEP 2018lationships with other professional societies rel- Oliver Kuras, Keyworth, UKevant to near-surface geophysics. [email protected] EEGS SUBMISSIONS EEGS BUSINESSEEGS offers individual, student and corporate To submit information for OFFICESmemberships. Annual dues are $110 for an indi-vidual membership, $55 for introductory member- inclusion in FastTIMES, contact aship, $50 for a retired member, $50 developingworld membership, and from $310 to $4025 for member of the editorial team: 1720 South Bellaire, Suite 110various levels of corporate membership. All mem-bership categories include free online access to • Editor-in-Chief Denver, Colorado 80222-4303;JEEG. The membership application is available at Geoff Pettifer PH 303.531-7517, FX 303.820.3844the back of this issue, or online at www.eegs.org. [email protected] [email protected] FastTIMES is published electronically five times a year. For the May SAGEEP 2018 Full + 61 (0) 407 841 098 • Executive Director Conference issue, please send contributions Kathie A. Barstnar to any member of the editorial team by May • Associate Editors 18, 2018. Advertisements copy for the Vol. Dan Bigman [email protected] 23,2 Conference issue is due to Jackie Jacoby by May 18, 2018. Unless otherwise noted, all [email protected] material is copyright 2018, Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society. All rights Nedra Bonal • Managing Director reserved. [email protected] Jackie Jacoby Nigel Cassidy [email protected] [email protected] To advertise in FastTIMES, Katherine Grote contact: [email protected] Jackie Jacoby Ron Kaufmann [email protected] • 303.531.7517 [email protected] Moe Momayez [email protected] 23, 1 2018 7
MEMBERSHIP RENEWALS STANDING COMMITTEES Nominations Committee Chair JEEG Editorial Board Chair Student Committee Chair Bethany L. Burton Dale Rucker Carole D. Johnson FastTIMES Editorial Board Chair [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Geoff Pettifer [email protected] Intersociety Committee Chair Membership Committee Chair Communications Committee Chair Bruce D. Smith John Jansen Rick A. Hoover Finance Committee Chair bsmith@[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Rick Hoover [email protected] EEGS MEMBERSHIP RENEWALS AND MEMBERSHIP BENEFITSSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Current members have been sent email notices with article’s citations in a year) making this publication online payment instructions for 2018 Membership, making even more attractive to geophysical scientist it easy to assure uninterrupted benefits and services for authors. 2018. Payment of your 2018 Membership invoice can be 4. Considering a change to publish the JEEG as an made online or mailed in or faxed to the EEGS offices. If electronic only publication. The Communications you are a member and have not received an email with Committee is evaluating costs associated with printing your renewal invoice, please contact the EEGS business and mailing the JEEG and assessing the potential cost office by emailing savings by eliminating a printed, mailed issue. [email protected]. If you are not a member, join now! In 2018, leadership will continue to position EEGS as the This past year, EEGS leadership has been working on only near surface geophysics-focused organization to behalf of members in four major areas: serve geophysicists representing a wide range of industry 1. Pursuing a higher level of cooperation and coordination sectors, academic institutions and government entities from around the world. In order to achieve this goal, we with the European Association of Geoscientists and need supportive and participatory members. Engineers (EAGE) to grow SAGEEP, making it even Additionally, your membership enables EEGS to: more relevant for members and ensuring financially • Host SAGEEP each year, sustainability. • Discount SAGEEP and other events, 2. R evising and refreshing FastTIMES to further enhance • Discount advertising rates to our Corporate Members, this weighty near-surface geophysics newsmagazine • P ublish this online newsmagazine FastTIMES and EEGS’ – at no charge – by expanding content and assuring flagship benefit to members: The JEEG and timely, consistent publication and availability. • O ffer discounts on books and short course publications. 3. Focusing on a continued expansion of the Journal of So please, when you receive your renewal notice, please Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (JEEG) pay your dues and continue your support for your near with, among others, a goal to increase its impact surface geophysics-focused membership organization. factor, (a measure of the frequency of an average Interactive PDF user instructions • T he Table of Contents (TOC) found on pages 4 and 5 has • A ll website addresses and logos are links that when clicked, active links for all contents of this PDF will take you to the corresponding website • T he cover page has an active contents link to the TOC - just • A ll email links are active and when clicked, will open a new email click to navigate • Abstracts within a Session can be accessed from the TOC Page 5 Clicking on the logo will direct you back to by clicking on the Session Title the cover • Clicking on the Session boxes in the Schedule at a Glance (Pages Clicking on this icon will direct you back to the TOC 17-18) directs you to the detailed schedules (Pages 31 and 41-53) Clicking on this icon goes to the previous page • Clicking on any of the abstracts in a particular Session in the detailed schedules directs you to the start of the collection of Clicking on this icon goes to the next page Abstracts for that Session. For each day Oral Sessions are listed in alphabetical order followed by the Poster Session for that day. Clicking on this icon brings you back to the Schedule Within each Session abstract listing, abstracts are listed in Pre- at a Glance sentation Number order. Bio Clicking on this icon will direct you to the individuals • N OTE: External hyperlinks may be slow to activate. If Adobe bio page hangs when you click on an external hyperlink, re-boot your com- puter and try again - that should fix the problem. 8 Vol 23, 1 2018
JEEG Report Jeffrey G. Paine and Edward W. Collins JEEG REPORTInterpretation of Very Low Frequency Measurements Carried Out with an Unmanned Aerial System by 2D Conductivity Models Rudolf Eröss, Bülent Tezkan, Johannes B. Stoll, and Rainer Bergers Editor’s Note The Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics Dale Rucker, PhD (JEEG), published four times each year, is the EEGS peer JEEG Editor-in-Chief reviewed and Science Citation Index (SCI®)-listed journal Chief Technical Officer,droGEOPHdYeSdIiCcSa,teIndc.to near-surface geophysics. It is available in print by hydroGEOPHYSICS, Inc. subscription, and is one of a select group of journals available Tucson, AZ through GeoScienceWorld (www.geoscienceworld.org). It is also available to EEGS members who select the membership 520-647-3315 type that includes a printed JEEG. Also the pub is available via [email protected] SEG’s Digital Library. Under Editor’s note, the URL for submit-ysical SeomacotniipnfedhgtayanissEinsEh(EgtEtEiipGnsG:e/SS/eoj)er.nmiengegAt.mlahl lbelGeetenrotsothprhpaeiichpcosyk.rsy.InincreesfaotlnarJtmdE(eJaEdEatEGipGotnpi)osliroceiansggteeiaoootrndhpf iethnhoygesffiplmcargsgaeesjpoohaarpirrpbehineygsnpviecauiaafniblbtdslliecteatcihcoannniqduiodefastTnetahfsholeerrpefaoeEgirsnnevvnsipirorouoonbpfnmalmiacgenaeentnitalotiaamrnltl,iict,lea. nTdhneorimary page charges for the first ten jour- review process is relatively quick;applicatiosunbs.mTithtinergeJEisEGnoartipcalegseisliamviat,ilaabnledatnhottpp:/a/jgeeeg.cahlalerngtersackfo.nrett.he first tenartijcoluersnaalrepoafgteens poufblished within a year of submission. Articlescprarivopactiselascsbalneibg(TsJiehneEesrelEeeuecGlbJartiomt)rniouvgiisnretntGilcteyahaedleloloqypofnluhafliyigctnEhskseir;hncoaivaputailrghropSthtnuiotcmbpclel:iGie/esc/nteawytotaawi(SolrEcewnEiae.eoGnnoefdcSfgteth)seW.E.enoAnorElggrllnp/idtnjovueeipbereioaglcrinnss.inhmdrgeeedlnatGthtaeeewldoiatpthnSohdiEyngGsEe’isconas-- year ofLibpesruunabcbrymelisWihsiosneirdoldnti.hnaenAJdErtEEtihEcGGleeSsSaEreGa’svaDiliagbitalel Digital electronically through GeoSci- SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Library in the EEGS Research Collection. Manuscripts can be submitted online at physics are viable candidates for publication in JEEG, although http://www.eegs.org/jeeg.a r c h 20it1s7]primary emphasis is on the theory and application of geo- 17 physical techniques for environmental, engineering, and mining applications. Vol 23, 1 2018 9
FastTIMES 2018 PLANNED UPCOMING SPECIAL ISSUES & ADVERTISING OPPORTUNITIESSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION FastTIMES planned Special Issues for 2018 after the SAGEEP issue include:- FastTIMES is your magazine dear reader and your input and voluntary effort will help maintain and improve the information service provided. • Vol 23, 2 - May 2018 - Mining and Mine-site Geophysics • Vol 23, 3 - July 2018 - Infrastructure - Dams and Levees In 2019 a move to 6 issues per year is planned - 5 Special issues and the • Vol 23, 4 - October 2018 - Environment SAGEEP issue. Over 30 Special Issues topics have been identified to maintain • Vol 23, 5 - December 2018 - UXO a 4 to 5 year cyclical focus on key sustainability issues, applications, sectors, techniques and new developments in equipment, software, data management, As for the 2017 California Groundwater and Agriculture Geophysics Special visualisation and interpretation / synthesis. Issues of FastTIMES, each issue will be sector focused and planned and publicized through relevant non-geophysical Societies, to ensure we In addition to a series of articles for each Special Issue focused on the theme maximize outreach and current awareness to non-geophysical end-users and of that issue, we welcome one-off articles on other applications, to increase the geophysicists working in the relevant target sector. diversity and appeal of each issue of FastTIMES. Regular existing and new columns such as Drone Report, Groundwater, Underpinning this outreach approach of FastTIMES is that near-surface Agriculture/Soil, Environment, Geotechnical, Mining, UXO, Archaeology, geophysics is a means to an end and just one of many tools that Industry News, Government sector, Academia / Research and Student geoscientists, environmental scientists and engineers use to characterize Chapter News will be progressively added and maintained to ensure regular the subsurface. We as geophysicists, need to engage with our fellow end- engagement with relevant sectors, as the need and the voluntary effort users of geophysical techniques and maintain their current awareness of required to maintain such regular columns is forthcoming. Regular Columnists geophysical capabilities and limitations and encourage better integrated use and papers/articles are needed. of geophysical techniques. ENHANCED VALUE ADVERTISING OPPORTUNITIES FastTIMES in 2018 offers enhanced advertising values typically non-geophysicists (managers, engineers, because, with the new redesign and our plans to have geologists). This will inevitably generate greater potential more FastTIMES Special Issues in partnership with other utilization of the services of geophysical consultants, geoscience societies as well as end-user sector focused contractors / service providers and technologies Regular Columns, the intention is to increase the range and (equipment and software). quality of content and provide greater appeal and technical Consultants, contractors and geophysical technology value to a wider audience than just geophysicists. providers are invited to take out a 1/3rd, ¼, ½ or full- The circulation of FastTIMES is progressively increasing page advertisement or advertise in our Professional as we increasingly utilize FastTIMES to reach out and Directory. gain better engagement, publicity and circulation with Advertisements are available with discounts for a full the non-geophysical Societies and communities. Our year of advertising commitment. In addition, our regular aim is to have at least a 6-fold increase in circulation Industry News column particularly welcomes technically to greater than 20,000 regular downloads per issue informative (not blatantly commercial) articles about the throughout 2018 (compared to an early 2017 circulation benefits of new geophysical developments, services and of 3000). We are expanding to 5 issues in 2018 including technologies, especially from our valued advertisers. the SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES and also planning for 6 Special Issues provide particular focus for the benefits of issues in 2019. advertiser’s products. This outreach, expansion and improvements means that Please visit http://www.eegs.org/advertising-information your advertising in FastTIMES will increasingly reach for more information and 2018 rates for FastTIMES decision makers that determine utilization and budgets advertising. To advertise in FastTIMES, contact: of geophysical methods in geoscience investigations, Jackie Jacoby; [email protected]; 303.531.7517 10 Vol 23, 1 2018
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 2018 - 2020 Calendar 2018 26th ASEG Conference / FIRST AUSTRALASIAN EXPLORATION SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION GEOSCIENCE CONFERENCE February 18-21 Sydney, Australia February 26-27 https://www.aseg.org.au/26th-aseg-conference-aegc-conference March 3 National Groundwater Association Groundwater Issues and Science Affecting Policy and Management in the March 4-7 Southwest March 6-7 Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA http://www.ngwa.org/Events-Education/conferences/Pages/5034feb18.aspx March 25-29 April 10-12 Canadian Exploration Geophysical Society (KEGS) April 9-13 Lessons Learned: Innovation Driven from Integration Toronto, Ontario, Canada April 24-27 http://www.kegsonline.org/?dir=3&sub=36&typo=event&doc=8341&actionApril 30 - May 3 =show&title=KEGS%202018%20Symposium Vol 23, 1 2018 PDAC 2018 PDAC International Convention, Trade Show & Investors Exchange Toronto, Canada http://www.pdac.ca/convention Groundwater Resources Association of California Arizona Hydrological Society 16th Biennial Symposium on Managed Aquifer Recharge San Diego, California, USA https://www.grac.org/events/99/ Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP) Nashville, Tennessee, USA http://www.eegs.org/sageep-2018 Commercial UAV Expo Europe Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.expouav.com/europe EAGE-HAGI 1st Asia Pacific Meeting on Near Surface Geoscience & Engineering Geosciences and Technology for Our Communities Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://events.eage.org/en/2018/eage-hagi-near-surface-geoscience-and- engineering-2018 CPS/SEG Beijing 2018 International Geophysical Conference and Exposition Beijing, China http://seg.org/events/IGC18 AUVSI EXPONENTIAL Denver, CO USA www.xponential.org/ 11
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 2018 - 2020SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Calendar 2018 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM/ICM) CIM/ICM Convention 2018 May 6-9 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada June 2-6 https://convention.cim.org/ June 3-7 June 10-13 SPWLA 2018 June 10-13 59th Annual Symposium June 11-14 London, UK June 16-21 https://spwla2018.com/ June 17-20 Environmental & Water Resources Institute (EWRI) June 18-21 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) July 29 - August 1 World Environment and Water Resources Congress Minneapolis, Minnesota 12 https://www.ewricongress.org/ 8th International Conference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics Near-surface Geophysics and Habitability Hangzhou, China http://115.29.6.223/files/tongzhi/note(2017)iceeg8.pdf Geo-Institute – American Society of Civil Engineers 5th Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics Conference (GEESD V) Austin, Texas http://www.geesdconference.org/ 80th EAGE Conference & Exhibition 2018 Copenhagen, Denmark https://events.eage.org/en/2018/eage-annual-2018 International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) Canadian Federation of Earth Sciences (CFES) Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) Geological Association of Canada (GAC) Mineralogical Association of Canada (MAC) Resources for Future Generations Premier Conference on Energy • Minerals • Water • The Earth Vancouver, BC, Canada http://www.rfg2018.org/rfg/2018/home 7th International AEM Conference and Exhibition Hotel Koldingfjord A/S Fjordvej 154, 6000 Koldingl, Denmark http://www.conferencemanager.dk/AEM2018/the-event.html GPR 2018 Hochschule Fur Technik Rapperswil, Switzerland https://www.gpr2018.hsr.ch/index.php?id=15715&no_cache=1 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Annual International Meeting 2018 Detroit, Michigan https://www.asabe.org/meetings-events/2018/07/2018-asabe-annual- international-meeting.aspx Vol 23, 1 2018
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 2018 - 2020 Calendar 2018 Near Surface Geoscience 2018 SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Porto, Portugal September 9-13 https://events.eage.org/en/2018/24th-european-meeting-of-environmen-September 15-23 tal-and-engineering-geophysics?eventid=1560&Opendivs=s3September 24-26 61st AEG Annual Meeting/13th IAEG CongressSeptember 25-27 Engineering Geology for a Sustainable Eorld October 14-18 San Francisco, California October 14-19 November 4-7 https://www.aegannualmeeting.org/ Calendar 2019 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Dallas, Texas March 24 – 27 http://www.atce.org/welcome June 16 - 20 Groundwater Resources Association of California Calendar 2020 First Annual Western Groundwater Congress Sacramento, California, USASeptember 7 - 11 https://www.grac.org/events/151 Vol 23, 1 2018 Australian Geoscience Council Convention AGCC 2018 Adelaide, South Australia https://www.agcc.org.au/ SEG International Exposition and 88th Annual Meeting Anaheim, California USA http://seg.org/Annual-Meeting-2018 American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America 2018 International Annual Meeting Enhancing Productivity in a Changing Climate Baltimore, Maryland https://www.acsmeetings.org/ Geo-Institute – American Society of Civil Engineers Geo-Congress 2019 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania https://www.geocongress.org/ ISSMGE 7th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (ICEGE 2019) - Rome, Italy https://www.issmge.org/events/7-icege-2019-international-conference- on-earthquake-geotechnical-engineering ISSMGE 6th International Conference on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization Budapest, Hungary https://www.issmge.org/events/isc6 13
PRESIDENT’S SAGEEP 2018 PRE-CONFERENCE MESSAGE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE SPECIAL MEETINGS EEGS BOARD MEETING Saturday, March 24 | 7:00 am – 5:00 pm (Continental Breakfast 7 am) Sunday, March 25 | 7:00 am – 12:00 pm (Continental Breakfast 7 am) Location: Stones River Chair: Laura SherrodSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION It’s that time of year again! With SAGEEP quickly approaching, EEGS Extended abstracts for the conference will continue to be accessible through has been very busy putting together the final pieces of our symposium for EarthDocs, and we encourage presenters to consider publishing their material 2018. Our VP SAGEEP, Jeff Paine, and our General Chair of SAGEEP, in JEEG or FastTIMES in the regular or special issues. FastTIMES has been Bill Doll, have worked hard the last several months to provide us with an taken a new direction by our Editor-In-Chief, Geoff Pettifer, and it is great to exciting series of events to complement the geology and atmosphere of see the amount of intersociety collaboration that has gone into the issues the region. Our Technical Co-Chairs, Andrew Parsekian and Oliver Kuras, published under his leadership. JEEG has also seen some remarkable have compiled a rigorous technical program covering a wide swath of positive changes. The impact factor of our journal has increased dramatically near surface topics from a variety of presenters, with special technical over the last year through the extensive efforts of our Editor, Dale Rucker. streams that we expect to produce a great opportunity for networking and Both editors are actively searching for content to expand the scope of the collaboration. New this year, we are excited to bring to you a sneak peak publications. Content from presenters at SAGEEP 2018 could help them in of the conference with this pre-conference promotional FastTIMES. their quest to bring our readership new and useful material. It will be a two version edition, with this version providing the preview, and In addition to planning for SAGEEP 2018, the Board of Directors of EEGS is, the next version of the edition providing you with a full account of SAGEEP as always, hard at work planning for the future of our society. Over the last 2018. This first version is designed to bring you a close look at the content year, you may have noticed the increased communication from the Board of the conference to help you plan your time in Nashville this spring. The through our monthly newsletters. EEGS is a member-driven society, and it is final Conference edition will give you digital access to the happenings our hope that by providing you with consistent communication, you’ll be better of SAGEEP 2018. To date, the full account of SAGEEP has only been informed about the success, the accomplishments, and the needs of our displayed in the program handbooks. However, with the publication of the society. If you are interested in volunteering for any of our active committees, next version of this FastTIMES edition, all the abstracts and events will SAGEEP is a great time to get started by contacting a Board member be compiled in a single online access point. We expect this access point directly. We look forward to seeing you in Nashville this March and hope that will draw a lot of exposure, making advertising in this annual SAGEEP you will join us for the EEGS luncheon at SAGEEP 2018 for some exciting edition of FastTIMES a great investment for advertisers who are trying to announcements that will shape the next several years of EEGS. reach customers in environmental and engineering geophysics as well as related fields. Sponsors of the conference will also benefit from this Laura Sherrod, EEGS President new direction of the first FastTIMES of the year, with recognition to our SAGEEP 2018 sponsors becoming a permanent record in this full account of the symposium. REGISTER FOR THE EEGS LUNCHEON – SAGEEP 2018 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH, 12:00 – 1:30 P.M. All are invited to attend this special event in Nashville, Tennessee! The Executive Board of EEGS will provide an update on the state of our society, followed by a panel discussion of the five-year plan the Board of Directors has made for EEGS. Representatives from EAGE will join us to elaborate on inter-societal collaboration and partnership planned for upcoming symposiums. The Board is looking forward to this official unveiling of the next phase of SAGEEP and will use this open forum to provide attendees a first look at plans for SAGEEP 2019 and beyond. 14 Vol 23, 1 2018
FROM THE CONFERENCE CHAIRDear Colleague, geotechnical and geo-environmental highlights of the region. The Sunday trip will feature Mammoth Cave and the Corvette Museum, and the Thursday trip will feature two important dams where karst concerns have led to geophysical surveys. You should consider going on both of them… unless you want to participate in a short course!Welcome to the 31st Symposium on the Application of There are seven short courses offered this year, coordinated SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONGeophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems! by Janet Simms and presented by conference exhibitors.As I write this, I have every reason to believe that it These will be informative, interactive, and will surelywill be typical of late March / early April in Tennessee: broaden your understanding and applicability of variousComfortable weather with redbuds and daffodils blooming methods.all around. It’s my favorite time of year in the VolunteerState! Be sure to soak it up if you’re visiting from a cooler Also, on Sunday following the traditional Ice Breakerclimate! To offer as many who would like to do just that, we Reception, SAGEEP Student Chair, Nick Duda, has arrangedare offering complimentary roundtrip transportation from for a student event that will have a Nashville flair atthe hotel to downtown Nashville on Monday, beginning the Douglas Corner Café. Recognized songwriters andlate afternoon. performers will provide entertainment, and students will have an opportunity to interact with establishedThe conference has been orchestrated by a gifted team, geophysicists. The event will be free to students whoand you’ll want to be sure to take advantage of the many register, and there is a modest charge for non-students.special events! The Tuesday Conference Evening will be Pizza and your first beer will be provided.held at the home of former U.S. President Andrew Jackson,“The Hermitage,”and we will feature a barbeque meal, Our Keynote/ Awards Session will feature a presentationbluegrass music and line dancing. Cost is a mere $40, so by Dr. Roy Van Arsdale, University of Memphis, entitledhow can you miss it? The outdoor demonstrations will “The Geologic History of the Mississippi River Valley andbe held at the same location, wrapping up just before the its Earthquakes.” If you aren’t aware of the seismic historyConference Evening. of the New Madrid Fault Zone, or don’t know the details, you will be fascinated. The John Nicholl Award will also be given at this session and others who have contributed to EEGS will be recognized. You truly never know what might happen at this session so don’t miss it! You should consider participating in one of the two field 15 trips that are being offered at discounted rates due to sponsorship support. They were carefully planned by Thomas Brackman and Jeff Munsey to access some of theVol 23, 1 2018
FROM THE CONFERENCE CHAIRSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION The planning committee has arranged for two technical luncheons. This year, for the first time, FastTimes Editor Geoff Pettifer has On Monday, the Geoscientists Without Borders® (GWB) Luncheon will invested countless hours to provide detailed information for feature Paul Bauman, discussing his work finding water for African attendee conference planning along with a more easily-accessible refugee camps. Tuesday’s luncheon is the EEGS Luncheon and will archive of conference proceedings in a pair of special issues of focus on the five-year plan for cooperation between EEGS and EAGE. FastTimes devoted to the SAGEEP conference. In this edition, which This is your chance to know what is happening with YOUR society combines all of the pre-conference FastTimes information along with and to ask questions. the information provided in the conference program, you will find all of the short abstracts from the conference. Andy Parsekian, Oliver Kuras, and the Technical Committee have developed an outstanding technical program with more than 250 While you will certainly participate in the technical content, the presentations. Special sessions include “Geophysics for Urban planning committee has created opportunities for you to network, Underground Space Development,”“Unexploded Ordnance,” and relax, and soak in some of the Nashville atmosphere. We look forward “Mississippi Aquifer Characterization.” There will also be time to seeing you at the luncheons, evening activities, and all SAGEEP set aside for poster presenters to orally summarize their posters. has to offer. Enjoy Nashville, re-connect with friends and colleagues, Details can be found in this program, online at the SAGEEP 2018 meet new people, and have fun! site, or via the SAGEEP 2018 Mobile App offered by Whova, which provides ready access to logistics, the full conference agenda, and facilitates networking and collaboration. Thank the app sponsors and stay connected, as this will be our main vehicle to communicate announcements. Each year, the exhibitors provide sponsorship support to offset many of the expenses of the conference. We also have several new sponsors this year, including several who are service providers or professional organizations. Please peruse your program and make an effort to thank those who have helped make your participation at SAGEEP more pleasant and inexpensive. William Doll General Chair, SAGEEP 31 Be sure to check out the EEGS Foundation Silent Auction items, including pairs of tickets to the Grand Ole Opry and the Nashville Predators game. The Foundation is raising the bar this year, and you will want to join the fun. As a conference chair, you quickly come to realize how many late nights and long days are invested by the EEGS Business Office staff to make this conference a success. Be sure to thank Jackie Jacoby, Jayma and Jacey File. It is quite clear that their commitment is an act of dedication and love for this organization. I really don’t understand it! 16 Vol 23, 1 2018
FROM THE EDITOREDITORIAL – SAGEEP 2018 Andrew and Oliver have as Guest Editors, on the previous page, given anFastTIMES overview of the excellent SAGEEP 2018 technical program. With the support of their Technical Committee, they have compiled the Abstracts and Technical FastTIMES Editor-in-Chief Program. Guest Editor, Jeannie Norton has done final editing of the Abstracts Geoff Pettifer on the database and assisting with editing tasks. Ron Kaufmann, Jackie Jacoby [email protected] and Bill Doll and his Conference organization team provided valuable checking of proofs.Andrew D. Oliver Kuras, Jeannie Norton SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONParsekian, Ph.D. Ph.D. Jeannie.Norton@ The SAGEEP 2018 Vol 23, 1 FastTIMES will preserve the entire [email protected] [email protected] tetratech.com short abstract record in a convenient one-stop hyperlinked interactive pdf reference document, to be accessed many times over well into the future.On behalf of Guest Editors Andrew Parsekian, Oliver Kuras and Jeannie Norton,welcome to this, the first FastTIMES (Vol. 23, 1) of 2018, dedicated to being Thank you to all the Conference Committee and the Board that have supportedthe permanent record of the total experience of the 31st SAGEEP Conference this SAGEEP documentation initiative and to all content contributors andin Nashville, particularly as a published short abstracts volume. This SAGEEP wranglers in providing publication copy and therefore improved informationFastTIMES signifies a move to a 5th FastTIMES for the 2018 year as part of a services to EEGS members, prospective SAGEEP 2018 attendees and futureplanned further move to 6 issues / year in 2019 including the SAGEEP 2019 volume. researchers of the technical program and overall experience of SAGEEP 2018.This FastTIMES Conference edition gives for the first time for SAGEEPs, in Thank you to all potential advertisers for placing an advertisement in the Finalone document up to date knowledge of the SAGEEP 2018 program and helps SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES to come out at Conference time. Please support themto plan the SAGEEP experience. It is collated from the interim Pre-Conference and the exhibitors and visit their booth at SAGEEP. The SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMESFastTIMES and the shorter hard copy Conference Program Handbook. with all short abstracts will be accessed multiple times into the future giving lasting advertising exposure and value. Mew FastTIMES advertisers are most welcome.The information provided in the Conference FastTIMES is an update ofinformation in the Program Handbook or in the Pre-Conference FastTIMES Importantly we urge all SAGEEP 2018 oral and poster presenters to considersupplied on the USB memory stick that is provided in the Conference satchel. channeling their presentation preparation energy into publishing their paper either in JEEG as a refereed paper, or a Near Surface Geophysical Letter or asThe Conference information can be accessed in a variety of ways for your a FastTIMES regular or Special Issue article. Planned Special Issues of bothconvenience via the Program Handbook, the Whova App, the USB memory JEEG and particularly FastTIMES, will ensure your technical story has a widerstick, FastTIMES and the SAGEEP Website (http://www.eegs.org/sageep-2018) and more effective audience reach than to just the geophysicists present at yourwith final changes signaled on the Conference notice boards and inter-session SAGEEP oral or poster session.slide shows. To all SAGEEP 2018 presenters, please seek out either Dale Rucker, JEEGBill Doll, the Conference Chair, has highlighted the overall SAGEEP 2018 Editor, or myself or a member of the JEEG or FastTIMES Editorial Committeesprogram and information on the variety of good technical, social and networking to discuss your publishing requirements or aspirations.features of this Conference in Nashville and we have tried to provide as muchsupporting information on these features as possible throughout this document. I hope to meet and talk with many of you at SAGEEP 2018, to hear your ideas about we can continue to improve FastTIMES for our members and the wider geoscience community. Please take time to talk with the FastTIMES Associate Editors and/or myself to pass along your ideas and feedback. New members of the FastTIMES team and ideas are most welcome. Lastly it remains to thank all the SAGEEP 2018 Conference organization team, valued sponsors, exhibitors and oral and poster presenters for working towards making SAGEEP 2018 a success and continuing the high standard set by SAGEEP as a premier annual and global near surface geophysics conference forum.PUBLISH YOUR SAGEEP 2018 ORAL OR POSTER PRESENTATION JEEG FastTIMES• EEGS Technical Journal - online pdf and hardcopy available to EEGS • EEGS Technical Magazine & News - freely downloadable interactive pdf members and purchasable through EarthDoc - Fully refereed journal with - DOI citation (pending) – no refereeing. DOI citation. • 5 issues/year in 2018; 6 issues/year in 2019.• 4 issues/year in 2018. • Reaching out to the global near surface geophysics community and• Full research articles and Near-Surface Geophysical Letters.• Reaching out to the near surface geophysics community organized through many non-geophysical societies and sectors and their “end-user of EEGS and associated Societies and interested “end-user of geophysics” geophysics” members. professionals who purchase the paper. • S pecial Issues targeted at end-users and applications of geophysics to• Special Issues and regular papers focussed on the theory and applications key geotechnical, environmental (built and natural) and groundwater of geophysics to key geotechnical, environmental and groundwater challenges of sustainability. problems. • Regular technical articles and sector-focussed technical columns similarly targeted in each Special Issue. • Target Circulation of >20,000 downloads/issue by end 2018.Vol 23, 1 2018 17
SAGEEP 2018 CONFERENCE COMMITTEE SAGEEP 2018 PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION SAGEEP 2018 General Chair VP – SAGEEP 2018 William E. Doll, Ph.D. Jeffrey Paine, Ph.D. Senior Geophysicist University of Texas Tetra Tech [email protected] [email protected] SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Andrew D. Parsekian, Ph.D. TECHNICAL CO-CHAIRS Assistant Professor Geology & Geophysics Oliver Kuras, Ph.D. University of Wyoming Senior Research Geophysicist [email protected] Geophysical Tomography British Geological Survey [email protected] TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Chi Zhang, Ph.D. Ed Woolery, Ph.D. Katherine Grote, Ph.D. University of Kansas University of Kentucky Missouri University of Science [email protected] [email protected] and Technology [email protected] CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE General Chair Technical co-chair Technical co-chair William Doll, Ph.D. Andrew Parsekian, Ph.D. Oliver Kuras, Ph.D. Tetra Tech University of Wyoming British Geological Survey [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Managing Director, EEGS Exhibits and sponsorships Short courses Jackie Jacoby Micki Allen Janet Simms, Ph.D. [email protected] Marac Enterprises USACE-ERDC Vicksburg [email protected] [email protected] EEGS VP-SAGEEP Jeffrey Paine, Ph.D. Student event chair Field trip co-chair University of Texas - Austin Nick Duda Jeff Munsey [email protected] University of Kentucky Tennessee Valley Authority [email protected] [email protected] Field trip co-chair Tom Brackman, Ph.D. Local sources / Technical Committee Graphics University of Western Kentucky Ed Woolery, Ph.D. Larry Hughes [email protected] University of Kentucky Ensafe - Memphis [email protected] [email protected] Conference Program Editor Jeannie Norton FastTimes Editor TetraTech Geoff Pettifer [email protected] [email protected] 18 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 SPONSORSHIPSORGANIZATION EVENTNSG Innovations Karst Technical Sessionhttp://nsginnovations.com/TetraTech Conference Evening at The Hermitage includinghttp://www.tetratech.com/ complimentary transportationGolder Associates Bluegrass Band Music at Evening Eventhttps://www.golder.com/Advanced Geosciences, Inc. Wine & Beer at the Conference Evening at Thehttps://www.agiusa.com/ HermitageWKU Geophysics Innovations Laboratory Karst Geophysical Field Trip: Corvette SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONhttps://www.wku.edu/geoweb/facres.php Museum/Mammoth Cave Dam Geophysical Field Trip: Center Hill/NormandyTVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) Dams Transportationhttps://www.tva.gov/ UXO Technical Session Site Application of Munition ClassificationParsons Technologies Contractor Experiences Both Good https://www.parsons.com/ and Bad II Borehole Technical Session SAGEEP 2018 Proceedings/USB DriveKGEG (Kentucky Geotechnical Engineering Group) http://kgeg.org/ Conference BagsGeomatrix Conference Bagshttps://www.geomatrix.co.uk/ Conference BagsInterpex Limited http://www.interpex.com/ Conference BagsScintrex SAGEEP 2018 Mobile Application by Whovahttp://scintrexltd.com/ SAGEEP 2018 Mobile Application by WhovaGF Instruments http://www.gfinstruments.cz/ SAGEEP 2018 Mobile Application by WhovaMount Sopris Instrument Company, Inc. Monday Morning Coffee Breakwww.mountsopris.com Monday Afternoon Coffee BreakGeometrics www.geometrics.com Tuesday morning Coffee BreakMount Sopris Instrument Company, Inc. Dams & Levees Technical Sessionwww.mountsopris.com Ice BreakerExploration Instruments http://www.expins.com/Tennessee Geological Survey www.geometrics.comThe R.T. Clark Companies, Inc. https://rtclark.com/Geometrics www.geometrics.comOlson Engineering http://www.olsonengineering.com/AECOM http://www.aecom.com/Vol 23, 1 2018 19
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION GEOMETRICS20 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE AT A GLANCESUNDAY, MARCH 25 Short Courses SC-1: Passive Surface Wave Methods: Theory and Practice - Nashville Ballroom Salon A 8:00 am-5:00 pm Instructors: Don Zhao, Geogiga Technology Corp.; Antony J. Martin, GEOVision, Inc.; Mike Ostrzenski, Geogiga Technology Corp. 8:30 am-4:30 pm SC-2: GPR Principles, Practice & Processing - Nashville Ballroom Salon B 7:30 am-5:00 pm Instructors: Dr. Nectaria Diamanti; Steve Cosway, Sensors & Software 5:30-7:30 pm 7:30-9:30 pm SC-7: Satellite InSAR Data: Reservoir Monitoring from Space - Memphis Instructor: Alessandro Ferretti Mammoth Cave/ Corvette Museum Field Trip (Sponsored by WKU Geophysics Innovation Laboratory) Ice Breaker - Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom (Sponsored by AECOM) Student Event in Nashville/Live Music/Transportation Provided (Sponsored by EEGS Foundation)MONDAY MARCH 26 Opening Session: John Nicholl Memorial Award and Keynote Presentation by Dr. Roy Van Arsdale, University of 8:30-10:00 am Memphis “The Geologic History of the Mississippi River Valley and its Earthquakes” - Nashville Ballroom Salons D & E 10:00-10:20 am Monday Posters - Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) Coffee in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom (Sponsored by Tennessee Geological Survey) Nashville Ballroom Salons D & E 10:20-12:00 am Best of Near Surface Geoscience 2017 12:00-1:30 pm Geoscientists without Borders® Luncheon - Paul Bauman “Geophysical Exploration for Groundwater at the KakuCmaapRietfoulgeIeI 1:30-2:30 pm 2:30-3:00 pm Camp in the Turkana Desert, Kenya” - Capitol I 3:00-5:00 pmTUESDAY, MARCH 27 Nashville Ballroom Nashville Ballroom Nashville Nashville Ballroom Capitol II 8:00-9:40 am Salons A-C Salon D Ballroom Salon E Salons F-H 10:00-10:20 am Electrical Methods I Ground Penetrating Transportation & Fluid Flow Monitoring Poster Session I Radar I Infrastructure I Speed Talks 10:20-12:00 pm Monday Posters - Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) Coffee in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom (Sponsored by RT Clark Companies) Electrical Methods II Ground Penetrating Transportation Mississippi Aquifer Earthquakes & Radar II & Infrastructure II Investigation, Character- Volcanoes ization and Processes Multichannel Analysis Electromagnetics I Nuclear Magnetic Perspective on Military Airborne EM, of Surface Waves Resonance I Munitions Airborne, (MASW) I Response Program Remote Sensing (MMRP) Geophysics & Drones Tuesday Posters in Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) Coffee Break in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom (Sponsored by Geometrics, Inc) Multichannel Analysis Electromagnetics II Nuclear magnetic Environmental Security Airborne EM, of Surface Waves Resonance II Technology Airborne, (MASW) II Certification Program Remote Sensing, (ESTCP) sponsored & Drones Ordnance Classification (continued)12:00-1:30 pm EEGS Luncheon - Capitol I Multichannel Analysis Electromagnetics III Geophysics Education I Site Application of Archaeology I of Surface Waves Munition Classification1:30-2:20 pm (MASW) III Technologies Contractor Experiences Both Good and Bad I (Sponsored by Parsons) 2:30-3:00 pm Tuesday Poster Session Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) 3:00-4:40 pm Coffee Break in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom 5:00-6:30 pm Multichannel Analysis Karst and Geophysics Education II Site Application of Archaeology II 6:30-9:00 pm of Surface Waves Sinkholes - Munition Classification21 (MASW) IV Sponsored by NSG Technologies Contractor Innovations Experiences Both Good and Bad II (Sponsored by Parsons) Exhibitors Outdoor Equipment Demonstrations - On the Grounds of The Hermitage (transportation provided) Conference Evening Event: BBQ Meal/Entertainment/Line Dancing!/Special Tour of The Hermitage, Historic Home of US President Andrew Jackson (transportation provided) - Sponsors: TetraTech, AGI, Golder Vol 23, 1 2018 21
SAGEEP 2018 PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE AT A GLANCEWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28 Nashville Ballroom Nashville Ballroom Nashville Nashville Ballroom Capitol II Salons A-C Salon D Ballroom Salon E Salons F-H Humanitarian8:00-9:40 am Special Session: Hydrogeophysics I Seismic Methods I Innovative Applications Geophysics Geophysics for Urban of Geophysics on Underground Space Military Munitions Response Program Development I (MMRP) Projects 10:00-10:20 am Wednesday Posters in Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area)10:20 am-12:00 pm Coffee Break in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom Special Session: Hydrogeophysics II Seismic Methods II Recent Results in Uncertainty, Geophysics for Urban Marine Acoustic Data Fusion, Underground Space Methods for Military Big Data & Data Munitions Detection and Development II Classification I Mining12:00-1:30 pm SIP - Recent Non-destructive Seismic Methods III Recent Results in Dams and 1:30-2:30 pm Achievements Testing for Marine Acoustic Levees I Engineering Methods for Military (Sponsored by 2:30-3:00 pm Regarding Problems Munitions Detection and 3:00-5:00 pm Understanding, Classification II Olson Measurement, and Engineering) Inversion Coffee Break in Exhibit Hall - Cumberland Ballroom Borehole Geophysics Characterizing and Soil Science/Agriculture Non-acoustic (EM and Dams and - Sponsored by Modeling Difficult Other) Methods for Levees II Kentucky Geotechnical Marine Explosives of (Sponsored by Hydrogeologic Engineering Group Systems Concern (MEC) Detection Olson (KGEG) and Classification Engineering)THURSDAY, MARCH 298:30 am-4:30 pm Short Courses9:00 am-5:00 pm SC-4: From AEM Data to 3D Hydrogeological Conceptual Model - Nashville Ballroom Salon A7:30 am-5:00 pm Instructors: Tom Martlev Pallesen, MSc, Chief Geologist, and Mats Lundh Gulbrandsen, Ph.D., R&D Consultant Geophysicist, I*GIS A/S SC-5: Understanding “Why” and “How” to use TDEM Methods for Near-surface Applications - Nashville Ballroom Salon B Instructor: Rob Harris, Geonics SC-6: Land and Marine Resistivity/IP Imaging in 2D, 3D and 4D - Nashville Ballroom Salon C Instructor: Jason Greenwood, AGI SC-8: WORKING WITH UX-Analyze CAPITOL I Instructors: Tom Furuya, Acorn SI and Darren Mortimer, Goesoft Inc. Field Trip to Center Hill and Normandy Dams (Sponsored by Tennessee Valley Authority) with Lunch On Own22 Vol 23, 1 2018
CONFERENCE PROGRAM OVERVIEW FROM THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEEAndrew D. Parsekian, Ph.D. CO-CHAIRS SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONAssistant ProfessorGeology & Geophysics Oliver Kuras, Ph.D.University of Wyoming Senior Research [email protected] Geophysical Tomography British Geological Survey [email protected] have designed this year’s Technical Program to cover the widest A key goal of this meeting is to enhance the status and visibility of posters thatpossible range of academic and professional interests. It includes oral and will be presented in the Nashville Ballroom Foyer in dedicated poster sessions.poster presentations reporting on the latest methodological developments, We will again hold a Poster Speed Talks session that will allow poster authors torecent research results and project achievements, and exciting case briefly present the highlights of their posters on stage. Poster Speed Talks willstudies. be held immediately after lunch on Monday March 26th, in the Capitol II room. Posters will be on display all day, as well as during designated viewing times inThe program will start out with a plenary Opening Session, which this year will the Conference Schedule.feature the John Nicholl Memorial Award and Keynote Presentation by Dr. RoyVanArsdale, University of Memphis, focussing on “The New Madrid seismic Much of the content has been solicited and expertly arranged by our sessionZone”. Following a now well-established tradition, this will be followed by the chairs – we are particularly grateful to them for their contributions. We would“Best of EAGE” session, showcasing a cross-section of highly-rated work like to extend special gratitude to the Technical Program Committee memberspresented at the recent EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists and Chi Zhang, Katherine Grote, and Ed Woolery for their service and suggestionsEngineers) Near Surface Meeting in Malmö, Sweden. Presentation topics in that contributed to this year’s excellent technical schedule.this session include electromagnetics, seismics, hydrogeophysics, and electricalresistivity.Oral sessions are scheduled from Monday afternoon through Wednesday in fiveparallel tracks. They will cover a broad range of topics, ranging from technique-and methodology-based sessions to thematic sessions of specific interest, forexample Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), and a series ofsessions on munitions and detecting unexploded ordnance.Other highlights include special sessions on Geophysics for UrbanUnderground Space Development, and Mississippi Aquifer Characterization.Invited speakers in many of the sessions round off the line-up and create focalpoints in the program.Vol 23, 1 2018 23
SESSIONS AND CO-CHAIRSSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION SESSION NAME SESSION CHAIR ORGANIZATION Plenary Session William Doll Tetra Tech Best of EAGE Andrew Parsekian University of Wyoming Poster Session Speed Talks Andrew Parsekian University of Wyoming Dariush Motazedian Carleton University Earthquakes & volcanos Heather Crow Natural Resources Canada Dale Werkema US EPA Electrical Methods I & II Oliver Kuras British Geological Survey Fluid flow monitoring Doria Kutrubes Radar Solutions International Robert Freeland Univ of Tennessee Ground Penetrating Radar I & II Bruce Smith US Geological Survey CGGSC Wade Kress U.S. Geological Survey Mississippi Aquifer investigation, characterization, and processes Sebastian S. Uhlemann British Geological Survey Bruce Smith US Geological Survey CGGSC Transportation & infrastructure I & II Ted Asch Aqua Geo Frameworks Laura Sherrod Kutztown University Airborne EM, airborne, remote sensing, & drones I & II Hongzhu Cai Aarhus University Jonathan Miller White River Technologies Archaeology I & II Electromagnetics I & II Jonathan Nyquist Temple University Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) sponsored ordnance Steven Sloan Engineering Research and Development Center - U.S. Army classification results and re-analyses Choon Park Park Seismic LLC Geophysics education I & II Kathryn Decker Hager GeoScience, Inc. Karst and sinkholes Ahmad-Ali Behroozmand Stanford University Kristina Keating Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey at Newark Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) I, II, III & IV Trevor Irons University of Utah Jeffrey Leberfinger TerranearPMC LLC Nuclear magnetic resonance I & II John Jackson USACE (Sacramento) Darren Mortimer Geosoft Inc Perspective on Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) geophysics Sandra Takata APTIM Ben Webster Stantec Site application of munition classification technologies contractor experiences both good and John Jansen Collier Consulting bad I & II Glenn Rix Geosyntec Consultants Borehole geophysics Jeffrey Munsey Tennessee Valley Authority Characterizing and modeling difficult hydrogeologic systems Michael Kalinski University of Kentucky Stephen Moysey Clemson University Dams and levees I & II Niels Claes University of Wyoming Bob Selfridge U.S. army corps of Engineers Humanitarian geophysics Gregory Schultz White River Technologies Hydrogeophysics I & II L. Sebastian Bryson Univeristy of Kentucky Innovative applications of geophysics on Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) projects Jermaine Kennedy U.S. Navy, Naval Surface Warfare Center PCD Non-acoustic (EM and other) methods for marine explosives of concern (MEC) detection and James Harris Millsaps College classification Steven Sloan Engineering Research and Development Center - U.S. Army Nondestructive testing for engineering problems Norbert Klitzsch RWTH Aachen University Recent results in marine acoustic methods for military munitions detection and classification I Barry Allred USDA/ARS Soil Drainage Research Unit DeBonne Wishart Central State University Seismic Methods I, II & III Lanbo Liu University of Connecticut Geoff Pettifer GHD SIP - recent achievements regarding understanding, measurement, and inversion Soil science/Agriculture Special Session: Geophysics for Urban Underground Space Development I & II Uncertainty, data fusion, big data & data mining 24 Vol 23, 1 2018
SESSIONS AND CO-CHAIRSCOLLABORATING AND COOPERATING SOCIETIESEEGS values its relationships with other professsional societies that share an interest in geophysicsand its environmental and engineering applications. Depending on the agreement, collaborations mightinclude publication arrangements, member discounts, sharing newsletter items, promoting conferences,and co-sponsoring events. During the past year, EEGS has had significant interaction with the followingsocieties, institutions and agencies: SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONVol 23, 1 2018 25
REGISTRATION & WHOVA INFORMATIONSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION The REGISTRATION DESK will be open in the registration area during the SAGEEP WHOVA APP following hours: Sunday, March 25 7:00 am – 7:30 pm The Social Media for SAGEEP Monday, March 26 7:00 am – 5:00 pm Tuesday, March 27 7:00 am – 4:00 pm SAGEEP 2018 has a free, official app which you can Wednesday, March 28 7:00 am – 5:00 pm Download and be able to: Thursday, March 29 7:30 am – 8:30 am (outside the Short Course • View the event agenda and plan your schedule meeting rooms – Capitol I and Nashville Ballroom Salons A-C) for on-site • Post and read messages in the event community board registrations) • Plan ahead whom to meet at the event by browsing attendee profiles in advance Emergency Procedures • Send in-app messages and exchange contact info Should an emergency arise while at SAGEEP, please go to the SAGEEP • Receive real time event updates from organizers registration counter or contact the hotel operator at the nearest • Access maps, and parking directions telephone. • G et presentation documents and slides (if the event organizer uploaded them) Name Badges You can download the Whova App from the following Name badges are your admittance to any part of the Conference and link https://whova.com/portal/sagee_201803 Exhibits and some social events. Attendees without a badge will be asked After downloading, use the email address that you to confirm their registration and be issued another badge at a charge of used to register for SAGEEP 2018 as your Login when $20. There will be no exceptions. Exhibitor personnel badges are restricted signing up in the app and choose a strong password, to use in the Exhibition Hall only. or sign up using a social media account. Once you’re signed up, you should be taken directly to the SAGEEP PLEASE BE SURE TO WEAR YOUR BADGE AT ALL TIMES. 2018 event! If you aren’t directly added to the event and are asked Speaker Information for an event invitation code when accessing the event, All speakers are encouraged to be in their presentation rooms 1 hour please type in this invitation code: SAGEEP2018 prior to their scheduled speaking engagement. Please visit the SAGEEP (Please do not share this invitation code with people registration counter to request further assistance. who are NOT attendees of the event). Have you already used the Whova app in the past? Proceedings Doublecheck that it is installed on your phone, and log A Symposium Proceedings USB drive is included in the full conference in using your existing account email and password. registration fee. Additional 2018 SAGEEP Proceedings may be ordered at We look forward to seeing you soon at SAGEEP 2018 ! the registration counter. Thanks to our SAGEEP 2018 Mobile Job Posting Board Application Sponsors: The job posting board, located in the registration area outside the Exhibit • Exploration Instruments Hall, is available to all attendees who want to advertise a job opening or • Geometrics post resumes for review. • Mount Sopris Instrument Co., Inc. EEGS Information At the registration area, you may pick up an order form to purchase EEGS merchandise (T-Shirts), books, past SAGEEP Proceedings, and copies of the Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics. Other EEGS information such as membership forms will be available as well. Evaluation Forms Your evaluation of the papers presented is important. Please make certain that you take a moment to fill out the forms. Evaluation boxes will be available outside each session room, in the exhibition hall and at the registration counter. Student Volunteers will also be available during the sessions to collect your completed evaluations. Student Networking Event On Sunday after the Ice Breaker, students and others are invited to the Student Event in Nashville beginning at 8:00 p.m. (transportation provided beginning at 7:30 p.m.) and, if you haven’t already, purchase your tickets for the GWB® Luncheon on Monday and the EEGS Luncheon on Tuesday. If you haven’t volunteered to work at SAGEEP, please do so at the registration counter. 26 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 REGISTRATIONSAGEEP 2018 • MARCH 25-29 • REGISTRATION FORMEEGS/SAGEEP 2018 Please print or type.A. Delegate Information Title:1720 S. Bellaire St., #110Denver, CO 80222-4303 USA Name: Fax:(USA country code is +001) CNoammpea:ny/Affiliation: Email: Website:Tel: 303-531-7517 ACdodmrepsasn:y/Affiliation:Fax: 303-820-3844 CAitdyd/rSetsast:e/Zip/Country:E-mail: [email protected] TeClietyp/hStoantee/:Zip/Country:IPmaypmoretnatnmt Puasytmbeenint IUnSfodrmollaatrisonan: d ac- EmTealeipl:hone:fcroommpCaannyatdhieancobmanpkleateccdofuonrmts.mChuestcks(beexadmrapwlne:ocnhebcaknskfsrowmithCaUnSaadfifailniaCtiroendsit Please complete a separate form for each registrant.SSuuiissssee NbaenwkYsoarrke, pUaSyAa)b. lIef ythoruoaurgehuCnrseudriet, B. Conference Rates - Select Oneptilveeatsoe pcoanyitnagctbyyocuhrebcakn, kw.eArseacnomalmteernnad-cserenddiitncgarmdo. ney orders or paying bySAGEEP CONFERENCE RATE q Member Rate: On-Site $Conference rate includes: Ice breaker, keynote address, oral/poster presentations, exhibits, conference program, q Non-Member Rate: $675 $ $795 $shuttle transportation from host hotel to downtown Nashville Monday afternoon/evening and conference proceedings. $ On-Site $SAGEEP CONFERENCE STUDENT RATE q Member Rate: $240 $ SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONIncludes same as Conference Rate. (Must be able to demonstrate that you are currently enrolled in an accredited q Non-Member Rate: $290science or engineering undergraduate or graduate program or have graduated in the past year.) On-SiteSINGLE DAY REGISTRATION (circle choice(s) Monday, Tuesday and/or Wednesday): q Member Rate: $575MONDAY ONLY March 26, 2018 Includes: keynote address, oral and poster presentations, exhibits, shuttle q Non-Member Rate: $575transportation to downtown Nashville Monday afternoon, and conference program.TUESDAY/WEDNESDAY ONLY Includes: oral and poster presentations, exhibits, and conference program.EXHIBITORS RATES Comp Full Conference Registration On-SiteALL EXHIBITORS MUST REGISTER (Separate form for each) (Limit 1 per 10x10 booth)Exhibiting companies receive one (1) full conference registration and two (2) complimentary exhibit personnel $0 $ Comp Exhibit Personnel $0 $registrations for every 10x10 booth space. Additional exhibit personnel badge may be purchased for $50.00. (Limit 2 per 10x10 booth) $50 $All fees include 2018 proceedings, printed program and admission to food and beverage events in the exhibit Additional Exhibit Personnelhall.C.Short Courses: Enter 1 Price per Course Includes breaks/lunch Select 1 Course Sun and Thurs - EAGE Members Use Member Rate for SC-7-* EEGS reserves the right to cancel courses/tours if minimums are not met by March 12, 2018. EEGS Members Non-Members On-Site On-Site* SC-1: Passive surface Wave Methods: Theory and Practice (Sun) $498 $598 $Students: $175 $225 $* SC-2: GPR Principles, Practice & Processing (Sun) $498 $598 $Students: $150 $200 $* SC-3: What’s New! In Slimline Borehole Geophysical Logging (Sun) $445 $495 $Students: $150 $200 $* SC-4: From AEM data to 3D hydrogeological conceptual model (Thurs) $400 $500 $Students: $160 $210 $* SC-5: Understanding “why” and “how” to use TDEM Methods for Near surface Application (Thurs) $295 $345 $Students: $125 $165 $* SC-6: Land and Marine Resistivity/IP Imaging in 2D, 3D and 4D (Thurs) $390 $465 $Students: $139 $176 $* SC-7: Satellite InSAR Data: Reservoir Monitoring from Space (Sun) (Does not include breaks/lunch) $125 $215 $Students: $ 65 $145 $ D. Luncheons and Activities - Circle Choices & Enter One Price per Activity On-SiteStudent Event in Nashville/Live Music/Networking (Sun) - (Non-Student $30/$35/$40 Students circle $0) 0 / $40 $ $Monday GW B® Luncheon/Paul Bauman $50 $Students: $25 $ $Tuesday Exhibitors’ Outdoor Demonstrations at The Hermitage (No charge - circle $0 if attending) 0 $Tuesday Evening Event at The Hermitage (BBQ, Beer & Wine, Entertainment & Line Dancing) $40 $Students: $35Special Tour of The Hermitage, Home of US Pres. Andrew Jackson $22 $ $Tuesday EEGS Luncheon (Annual Meeting) $50 $Students: $25 $*Karst Field Trip: Mammoth Cave/Corvette Museum - Lunch Included (Sun.) $50*Dam Field Trip: Normandy and Center Hill Dams/Distillery Tour (lunch not included) (Thurs.) $40 F. Payment InformationCheck # _____ (Made Payable to EEGS) EEGS Membership $110 (electronic JEEG) $ $175 (printed, mailed JEEG)q MC q Visa q Discover q AmexCard Number: _____________________________________________________ Exp. Date: ___________________ Sub-Total $ Abstract Submission Fee (subtract this amount $Name on Card: _____________________________________________________ CVV#: ___________________Signature: _______________________________________________________________________________________ up to $50) TOTAL: (USD) $ Vol 23, 1 2018 27
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION SAGEEP 2018 HOST HOTEL/CONFERENCE VENUE HOTEL RESERVATIONS DEADLINE WAS FRIDAY, MARCH 2, 2018! Nashville Airport Marriott 600 Marriott Drive Nashville TN 37214 Conveniently located to the international airport and downtown Nashville. Session rooms, registration, exhibits and hotel lobby all on the same level. Plenty of the renowned SAGEEP networking opportunities - whether it's in one of the numerous seating areas found indoors or outside on the balcony or pool deck. Largest flat screen TV in the area! Whether you spend your downtime in the Sports Lounge or your choice of indoor or outdoor pool, you'll find the newly renovated Nashville Airport Hotel accommodating in every way. EEGS has secured competitive rates at the Nashville Airport Marriott by guaranteeing registrants make a certain number of room reservations. Booking your stay at the conference hotel helps EEGS: 1) control the costs of producing SAGEEP, 2) offer registrants the lowest registration rates possible and 3) avoid possible penalties for falling short of our guarantee. 28 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 HOST HOTEL/CONFERENCE VENUE Please make your hotel reservation at the Nashville Airport Marriott by March 2, the deadline for hotel reservations, while attending SAGEEP 2018 and support the future of EEGS and the near surface geophysics community.Registrants who book at least 3 nights at the host hotel will automatically be entered into a drawing for 3 Door Prizes: First Prize Second Prize Third Prizewill receive complimentary: will receive complimentary: will receive complimentary: SAGEEP registration SAGEEP registration SAGEEP registration 3 nights' stay 2 nights' stay EEGS Luncheon Special SAGEEP rates have been negotiated for the dates of March 23 to 30, 2018:Single, Double, King................................................................................................................ ��������������������� $179.00 USD*Government Rate Single, Double, King�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������$161.00 USD***Applicable taxes (currently 15.25% plus $2.50 per room, per night, city occupancy fee) in effect at the time of check-out.** The prevailing Government rate will be charged upon check-out. Make Reservations by Telephone: Hotel and Transportation Information SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONGroup Reservations: (800) 770-0555 Check-in and Check-outCode: SAGEEPGovernment Rate Code: SAGEEP Government Check in: 4:00 PMMake Reservations Online: Check out: 12:00 PM Important Note Before You Begin the Online Hotel Parking Reservation Process: On-site parking, fee: Free to SAGEEP ParticipantsThe opportunity to select your room preference (king, double) is presented Blink Electric Charging Stations require a Blink Card to activate charging whichon the third screen of the reservation process. You will see 4 options; select includes a fee.number 2. Customize Room. Click on the grey tab \"customize room.\" There,you will be able to select your guaranteed room size (along with some other, Airportnon-guaranteed options). If you are unable to select your preferred room typefrom the drop down options, you will need to type in your room request further Nashville International Airport - BNAdown on the pop up form. Under \"Additional Requests\" in the space \"Any Hotel direction: 4 miles NW (approximately 10 minutes from Airport)Special Requests or Needs?,\" type in requests or information When complete, Airport shuttle service, complimentary - hotel shuttle loads from the baggageclick update to confirm your selection and special instructions. level; outside across one lane of traffic, to the left - watch for the \"hotel shuttles\" sign; and from the cub in front of the green glassed in area (inside is a hotelClick on the below links to make your SAGEEP accommodations reservations shuttle directory and a phone - Nashville Airport Marriott does not have a phoneonline (note that the current, prevailing rate will appear when registering for the code - the shuttle picks up every half hour on the hour and half past the hour).Government Rate): Trip is approximately 15 minutes from the airport to the hotel. Estimated taxi fare: 25 USD (one way)SAGEEP Rate High-Speed InternetGovernment Rate Guest rooms Wireless Public areas: Wireless10 TOP REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD DOWNLOAD, INSTALL AND USE THE WHOVA APPNow that you have checked in, if you haven’t already done so, we encourage you to download,install and use the Whova App (see Page 26 for instructions). We can think of at least 10 good reasons for using Whova at SAGEEP. Try it and discover another good reason for yourself.#10 Check on the date and time and location for your #6 C heck out the equipment software vendors in presentation. the Exhibition.#9 R emind yourself about t he date, time and location for your #5 Take notes. presentation. #4 Reach out to other SAGEEP 2018 attenders. #3 K now about the when and where of#8 C heck out the floor plan to locate the room that you will be presenting in. The Student Event. #2 Learn about the Outdoor Demos at the Hermitage.#7 Read the abstract of the presentations to sort out the ones #1 F ind a great place in Nashville to eat on that you need to attend versus the ones that you would like to attend. Monday evening.Vol 23, 1 2018 29
SPECIAL EVENTSSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION ICE BREAKER AND CONFERENCE EEGS FOUNDATION EVENING EVENT AT AUCTION KICKOFF THE HERMITAGE Sunday, March 25th 5:30 – 7:30 pm Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom) Tuesday, March 27th 6:30 – 9:00 pm Begin your SAGEEP 2018 experience at the Ice Breaker featuring On Tuesday, join colleagues and fellow SAGEEP attendees for a refreshments, exhibitors and the EEGS Foundation Silent Auction! barbeque meal with a highly-touted bluegrass band on the grounds You’ll want to come prepared with your check or credit card of The Hermitage, mansion of former U.S. President Andrew Jackson because you will likely see something you’ll want to bid on (1829-1837). Roundtrip bus transportation from the host hotel will be displayed. Winners will be announced in the Exhibit Area on provided. Additionally, those who purchase tickets, join a guided tour Wednesday at the mid-morning break. New this year from the of the mansion. The evening begins with beer and wine outside the EEGS Foundation is the On-Line Auction of tickets to two (2) Cabin by the Spring. Then, it’s inside for the typical Nashville barbeque unique, yet thoroughly “Nashville,” events – A Night at the Grand fare, a well-regarded bluegrass band (Doug Laymon says, ‘bluegrass Ole Opry and Hockey Night in Nashville with the Predators and music can’t generally be considered background music’), but we can the Minnesota Wild. The winning bidders will be announced at assure you this will be one of the highlights of the SAGEEP experience! 7:00 PM on Sunday, March 25th during the Ice Breaker at the EEGS After dinner, a local instructor will lead those who are interested in line Foundation Silent Auction Table in the Exhibit Hall. dancing. Bring your boots! Thanks to our sponsors, all this is being offered at affordable rates. Be sure to stop by the SAGEEP registration Thanks to Our Sponsor: AECom desk to purchase your tickets if you haven’t already. Thanks to Our Sponsors: STUDENT EVENT AT DOUGLAS CORNER CAFÉ IN NASHVILLE Sunday Evening March 25th 7:30 – 9:30 pm We have a true “taste of Nashville” experience in store for those who will perform their songs - many written for well-known artists - and join fellow SAGEEP attendees for a night out at the Douglas Corner tell their stories. Light snacks (including pizza) will be served and Cafe! Known for its great sound, Douglas Cafe is the perfect venue a drink ticket per person provided. Must have SAGEEP badge for for the entertainment line-up. entry. Non-students welcome and encouraged to attend! Roundtrip transportation from the host hotel provided. Four hit music singer/songwriters, specially selected for our group, Thanks to our Student Event Sponsor: 30 Vol 23, 1 2018
EEGS FOUNDATION ONLINE AND SILENT AUCTIONS SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION EEGS Foundation News March 2018 Ron Bell ([email protected]) Doug Laymon ([email protected])Guiding Technologies Today. Preparing for a World of Needs Tomorrow. Silent Auction @ SAGEEP 2018 March 25th through March 28th • Bidding begins at the start of the Ice Breaker Reception on Sunday, March 25th • Last bids accepted at the end of the morning coffee break on Wednesday, March 28th. Check it out! Bid on one or more items! On site donations. Please consider donating an item to the Silent Auction or participating in the Sponsored Donations program. To donate, contact: Doug Laymon at [email protected] or Ron Bell at [email protected]. A special note for US taxpayers: The EEGS Foundation is a non-profit organization as defined by the Internal Revenue Service. Thus, the fair market value of your donations is deductible from your federal income tax in the tax year that you donate the item or cash. A donation to the EEGS Foundation will help Guide Technologies Today and Prepare for A World of Needs Tomorrow. Thank you for your support. EEGS Foundation Board of Directors (December, 2017)Doug Laymon Collier Consulting [email protected] PresidentDennis Mills Exploration Instruments [email protected] TreasurerJohn Clark Corona Resources, Inc. [email protected] SecretaryMark Dunscomb Schnabel Engineering [email protected] Director-at-LargeWilliam Doll Tetra Tech [email protected] Director-at-LargeRonald Bell IGS, LLC [email protected] Director-at-LargeMel Best Bemex Consulting [email protected] Advisor Vol 23, 1 2018 31
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION EEGS FOUNDATION ONLINE AUCTION - PRIZES Guiding Technologies Today. Preparing for a World of Needs Tomorrow. EEGS Foundation On Line Auction View Auctions and Bid Here: https://www.charityauctionstoday.com/auctions/sageep18-4055 Bidding Closes Sunday March 25th at 6:45 PM Place your bid in the EEGS Foundation On-Line Auction today! Winning Bids will be announced at 7:00 PM at the EEGS Foundation Silent Auction Display Table in the Exhibition Hall Auction #1 - A Night at the Grand Ole Opry Tuesday, March 27th show begins at 7:00 PM 2 tickets plus Behind the Curtain VIP Tour. Performers include Trace Adkins, Terri Clark, Charlie Daniels Band, and Lorrie Morgan plus other artists. The Behind the Opry Curtain VIP Tour is a unique opportunity to live the Grand Ole Opry Experience. You’ll go behind the scenes during moments just before the show begins where your knowledgeable guide will help you explore the inner workings of the Opry Experience as you momentarily peer into lives of Opry staffers and artists hustling about preparing for yet another great night of music. Event Sponsor: Guideline Geo, http://www.guidelinegeo.com/ Vol 23, 1 2018 32
EEGS FOUNDATION ONLINE AND SILENT AUCTIONS SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Guiding Technologies Today. Preparing for a World of Needs Tomorrow. EEGS Foundation On Line Auction View Auctions and Bid Here: https://www.charityauctionstoday.com/auctions/sageep18-4055 Bidding Closes Sunday March 25th at 6:45 PM Place your bid in the EEGS Foundation On-Line Auction today! Winning Bids will be announced at 7:00 PM at the EEGS Foundation Silent Auction Display Table in the Exhibition Hall Auction #2 - Hockey Night in Nashville Tuesday, March 27th Puck drops at 7 PM 2 tickets - Nashville Predators vs the Minnesota Wild Bridgestone Arena - Nashville, TNEvent Sponsor: Sensors and Software, Inc. https://www.sensoft.ca/ 33 Vol 23, 1 2018
CONFERENCE EVENING EVENT - HERMITAGE CONFERENCE EVENT AT THE HERMITAGE - TUESDAY EVENINGSAGEEP 2018 SOCIAL EVENT - TUESDAY EVENING , MARCH 27TH, 6:30 P.M - 9:00 P.M. On Tuesday, we will be having a barbeque meal with a highly-touted bluegrass band on the property of The Hermitage, mansion of former U.S. President Andrew Jackson (1829-1837). Bus transportation will be provided at no cost and those interested will be able to join a guided tour of the mansion for an additional fee (https://thehermitage.com/visit/tours/mansion-tours/). The evening begins with beer and wine outside the Cabin by the Spring. Then, it's inside for the typical Nashville barbeque fare and a well- regarded bluegrass band. (Doug Laymon says, ‘bluegrass music can’t generally be considered to be background music’), but we can assure you that this will be a highlight of the meeting! After that a local instructor will lead those who are interested in line dancing. Bring your boots! All of this is available to you for only $40 (and only $30 for students). Thanks to our Sponsors: Event Sponsor TetraTech Beer & Wine Sponsor AGI Music Sponsor Golder Associates, Inc. 34 Vol 23, 1 2018
STUDENT EVENT @ DOUGLAS CORNER CAFE SAGEEP 2018 SOCIAL EVENT - SUNDAY EVENING , MARCH 25TH, 7:30 P.M - 9:30 P.M. 2106 8TH AVENUE STH, NASHVILLE Sunday Evening March 25th - 7:30-10:30 p.m. (after the Ice Breaker Reception)We have a true “taste of Nashville” in store for those who join fellow SAGEEP attendees for a night out at the Douglas Corner Cafe!(http://douglascorner.com/calendar.php).Known for its great sound, Douglas Cafe is the perfect venue for the entertainment line-up.Four hit music singer/songwriters, specially selected for our group will perform their songs - many written for well known artists - and tell their stories.Light snacks (including pizza) will be served and a drink ticket per person is included. Must have a SAGEEP badge - bus transportationincluded. Non-students welcome and encouraged to attend! Thanks to our Student Event Sponsor: 35 The EEGS FoundationVol 23, 1 2018
NASHVILLE TOURIST INFORMATION MAKE PLANS TO ATTEND SAGEEP 2018 - AND SEE THESE ICONIC NASHVILLE SITES AND SOUNDS!SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Grand Ole Opry Country Music Hall of Fame Nashville, Tennessee Skyline The Hermitage: US President Andrew Jackson’s Home 36 Vol 23, 1 2018
NASHVILLE TOURIST AND TRANSPORT INFORMATION BRING YOUR PARTNER, MAYBE STAY A LITTLE LONGER TO ENJOY NASHVILLEIconic music area is known as “The Gulch” Home of the Nashville Predators ice hockey teamGardens – Cheekwood Arbor Historic RCA Studio SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONHistoric grounds of the Hermitage The Parthenon - architectural replicaFor more information contact these Websites:-http://www.visitmusiccity.com/visitors/aboutmusiccityhttps://www.visitacity.com/en/nashville/attractions-map?campaignid=695702865&gclid=CjwKCAiAqvXTBRBuEiwAE54dcNHdQx1eD30QGSdukoRR_7CE5oOqYHOcNEcKELJI7pGfLEA0ccz2_BoCrlsQAvD_BwE HOW TO GET AROUND NASHVILLENashville has taxi and Uber services and an extensive public transport system. Visit these Websites for more informationhttp://www.nashvillemta.org/Nashville-MTA-Maps-and-Schedules.asphttp://www.visitmusiccity.com/visitors/thingstodo/mapsandtransportationTransport to / from the airport and Downtown can be effected by a combination of the Nashville Airport Marriott Shuttle Service and the Route 18 Bus which haslimited stops at the Nashville Airport Marriott Hotel but can be connected at the airport via the Nashville Airport Marriott Shuttle ServiceRefer to the Route 18 Bus Map next pageVol 23, 1 2018 37
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION NASHVILLE TRANSPORT INFORMATION 38 Vol 23, 1 2018
AWARDS & KEYNOTE PRESENTATION JOHN NICHOLL MEMORIAL AWARDJohn Stowell received a BA in Physics from the Uni- ing in Golden, Colorado in 1988. He was SAGEEPversity of Colorado in 1970 and went to work as a field 2004 General Chair in Colorado Springs, and againengineer for Schlumberger following graduation. His in Denver, in 2016. He served as President-Elect/career with Schlumberger spanned eleven years, withTO BE ANNOUNCEDpostings in 7 different locations in the western US, President/ Past President of EEGS from 2009-2011. Even after retiring from his “day job,” John is servingEurope, and the Middle East. After a two-year position as VP-SAGEEP for 2017-2018, a position that he pre-as an instructor in petroleum completion technologies viously held in 2007-2008. John has always providedwith a New Orleans based consulting firm, John joined a calming, rational voice whether promoting nearMount Sopris Instrument Company in Delta, Colorado surface geophysics or sustaining EEGS in its rolein 1985 as general manager. Mount Sopris manufac- as a leader in moving the science forward. He is atures borehole logging instruments for groundwater, John Stowell, P.E. member of EEGS, SEG, SPE, EAGE, SPWLA, KEGS,environmental, geotech and mineral resource applica- and a registered Professional Engineer in the state oftions. When Mount Sopris became a privately held company in Colorado. EEGS is very grateful for the time and energy John1991, John became president, and held that position until his has freely given and pleased to honor him with the 2018 Johnretirement in 2013. Nicholl Memorial Award. SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONwTwhThhoehoedJdeJoemohmhnoonnNnsNsitcritcahrhatoeotleslllsMaMaesempsmiprooiitrrriioiataflol vAAfowwvluoaanlrruddtenieitsserieggsrimivivsee,mnwn,ahawnincnhhnuiucgahaolllyelgysototebossesoybomoemneydeoonotnhendee AAwwaarrdd iiss eessttaabblliisshheedd ttoo rreeccooggnniizzee aann iinnddiivviidduuaallwwhhooisisddeesseervrv-ingnthoermn,oinrms,uipnpsourtpopfoErtEoGfSEEanGdSSaAnGdESEAPG. JEoEhPn.isJaohfinneiseaxafimnepleex- inogf osfpsepceiacliarel rceocgongitnioitniondudeuetotoexecxecpetpiotinoanlacl ocnontrtirbibuutitoionnssmmaaddeetooafmsopmleeoofnseowmheoohnaeswfohlolohwaesdfwolhloawt seodmwehraetfesrotmoeasrethfeer “tHooatselthe toththeeeenngginineeeerirninggaannddeennvviriroonnmmeennttaallggeeoopphhyyssiiccss ccoommmmuunniittyy aanndd totoEEEGGSS. S. uScuhchcocnotnritbruibtuiotniosnisncinlucdlueddeedvevloeplompemnet notf oefduecdautcioantiaolnalC“HaloiftoerlnCiaa”lmifoordneial ”omf EoEdGelSolfeEadEeGrsShlipea-dtheersyhcipan- cthheeyckcaonutcahneyck totooloslsorocrucrurircruicluulmums,sin, ninonvoavtiaotnioinn ionuotruetarecahcehffeofrftosr,tosr, ocrrecarteinagtingtoimuet athneyytiwmaentthbeuyt twheayntcbauntntehveeyrcleaanvnee! vJeorhnlehaavse!bJeoehnnahcativseblyeen cdoicdsmoicsmimcpimlpuinlnuienincseiacstthaitoathintoacnmtocmemotemhptorhpidsoresidsapesnoapdtneoodnteptionapptloiapgrtloeugronteupitonhiepiytshsieiywcssaitiwclheaitonlhtedhon-etudhrs-epeurrrsospef.rerossf.seisosniaolnalinavcotilvveeldy winivtholSvAedGEwEithP SanAdGEEEEGPSansidncEeEtGheSfisrsintcmeetehte- first meet-EEGS LUNCHEON – TUESDAY 12:00 NOON – 1:30 pm Capitol I The Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society from EAGE will join us to elaborate on intersocietal collaboration(EEGS) will hold its Annual Meeting at the EEGS luncheon. The and partnership planned for upcoming symposiums. The BoardExecutive Board of EEGS will provide an update on the state of is looking forward to this official unveiling of the next phase ofour society, followed by a panel discussion of the five year plan SAGEEP and will use this open forum to provide attendees athe Board of Directors has made for EEGS. Representatives first look at plans for SAGEEP 2019 and beyond. PUBLISHING IN THE JEEGThe editor for the Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (JEEG), the premier near surface geophysical journalrepresenting the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society (EEGS), welcomes extended abstract submissions fromSAGEEP. We realize at JEEG that a lot of hard work has already gone into the creation of original and novel ideas for presentation atSAGEEP, as well as the generation of informative graphics that display your data and results. For these reasons, we encourage youto take the next step and publish, which will allow for a broader readership. Interested authors should send a cover letter to the JEEGEditor and be sure to state that the work was presented at SAGEEP and every effort will be made to print it at the earliest opportunity.The fastest way to have your manuscript work its way through review is to ensure that it is well written.JEEG offers two options for publication: a Near Surface Geophysical Letter (NSGL) and a full research article. The difference betweenthe two is the length of the article and the general time to publication. NSGLs are typically 1000-2000 words with up to four figures.Full articles are in excess of 3000 words and there are no limits to figures. However, a general rule of thumb is to have 1 to 2 timesthe number of figures per 1000 words. A 5000 word article can accommodate about 5 to 10 figures. The NSGL can also make its waythrough the publication system faster as it takes less time to review.Vol 23, 1 2018 39
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION EXPLORATION INSTRUMENTS40 Vol 23, 1 2018
PLENARY SESSION, BEST OF NEAR-SURFACE GEOPHYSICS, 2017 & GWB LUNCHEON NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SAGEEP 2018 – EARLY MORNING AND LUNCHEON – MONDAY, MARCH 26TH SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H08:30 – Opening Session:10:00 am John Nicholl Memorial Award and Keynote Presentation by Dr. Roy VanArsdale,10:00 am –10:20 pm University of Memphis10:20 am – “The Geologic History of the Mississippi River Valley and its Earthquakes”12:00 pm10:20 – Nashville Ballroom Salons D&E10:40 am Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom) - Sponsored by Geometrics10:40 –11:00 am BEST OF NEAR SURFACE GEOSCIENCE 2017 Chair: Andrew Parsekian Processing of Densely Sampled Electromagnetic Induction Data Collected Across Peat Deposits Julien Guillemoteau (University of Potsdam), P. Koyan (University of Potsdam), J.Tronicke (University of Potsdam). Bedrock Depth Estimations and Their Limitations - Comparison between Refraction Seismics and Geotechnical Investigations Ruth Behrendt (Uppsala University), E. Lundberg (Uppsala University), C. Juhlin (Uppsala University), F. Zhang (Uppsala University), T. Lehtimäki (Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co.).11:00 – Full-waveform Seismic Inversion for Estimating Aquifer Dimensions and11:20 am Hydrologic Parameters Timo Lähivaara (University of Eastern Finland), A. Pasanen (Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), A. Malehmir (Uppsala University), J. Kaipio (University of Auckland)11:20 – Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) for Time-lapse Mapping of in-situ11:40 am Self-sustaining Treatment for Active Remediation12:00 – 1:30pm L.M. Trento (University of Western Ontario), P. Tsourlos (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki), J.I. Gerhard (University of Western Ontario), M. McMaster (Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.), A. Sims (Savron Solutions) Geoscientists without Borders® Luncheon - Guest Speaker Paul Bauman Vol 23, 1 2018 41
SGEEP 2018 - MONDAY, MARCH 26TH; 8:30 - 10:00 A.M. SAGEEP 2018 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Opening Session Presentation: The Geologic History of the Mississippi River Valley and its Earthquakes Roy B. Van Arsdale, Ph.D. The intraplate New Madrid seismic zone is primarily in northwestern TN, southeastern MO, and northeastern AR. Although the seismic zone has been studied for 40 years, it remains an enigma. We are still trying to determine the mechanism(s) that generated the three very large (M >7.3) earthquakes that occurred during the winter months of 1811-1812 and whether this seismic zone remains a hazard. The New Madrid seismic zone is underlain by the Cambrian Reelfoot Rift and today’s earthquakes are occurring along reactivated ancient faults. This region has undergone a long geologic history since its original rifting that has contributed to its structural evolution. A major event occurred when the Bermuda hotspot passed under the Mississippi Valley in mid Cretaceous that formed the Mississippi embayment. More recently the Pliocene ancestral Mississippi River drained a large part of North America and the future seismic zone was buried beneath ~78 m of floodplain alluvium, most of which was eroded during the Pleistocene. In this presentation I will discuss the geologic history of the Mississippi River Valley and illustrate how the past has influenced, and apparently continues to control, faults of the New Madrid seismic zone. ROY VAN ARSDALE Roy Van Arsdale’s educational background includes a bachelor’s degree from Rutgers University (1972), a master’s degree from the University of Cincinnati (1974), and a PhD from the University of Utah (1979). His professional career began after completing his MS degree when employed by Union Carbide Corporation Minerals Division. During 1975-1976 he participated in uranium exploration in South Africa, tungsten exploration in Brazil, and manganese exploration in Australia. His interests changed to active tectonics upon working on the geology of the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range transition during PhD dissertation research at the University of Utah. His first academic position was with Eastern Kentucky University (1980-1985) where he conducted research on coal highwall degradation and recent movement on the Kentucky River fault system near Lexington, KY. His next academic position was with the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville (1985-1993) wherein his interests shifted to the Mississippi River Valley and the New Madrid seismic zone. For the past 24 years Roy has been at the University of Memphis conducting structural, geomorphic, and paleoseismological research primarily in the Mississippi River Valley. His research has resulted in the publication of 90 refereed journal articles, 115 refereed abstracts, and a book (Geological Society of America Special Paper 455) entitled: Adventures through deep time: the central Mississippi River Valley and its earthquakes. Roy’s New Madrid seismic zone research has been featured in televised programs produced by the History Channel, National Geographic Society, and Pioneer Productions. His contributions to geology have also resulted in being selected as a Fellow of the Geological Society of America and having received the 2016 Willard R. Sparks Eminent Faculty Award, the highest award given at the University of Memphis. 42 Vol 23, 1 2018
BEST OF EAGE NEAR SURFACE GEOSCIENCE 2017, MALMOPRESENTER/CONTACT: JULIEN GUILLEMOTEAU PRESENTER/CONTACT: TIMO LÄHIVAARA SAGEEP 2018 - MONDAY, MARCH 26TH; 10:20 - 11:40 A.M.EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected]: University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24- ADDRESS: University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627,25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany 70211 Kuopio, FinlandPROCESSING OF DENSELY SAMPLED FULL-WAVEFORM SEISMIC INVERSION FORELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION DATA ESTIMATING AQUIFER DIMENSIONS ANDCOLLECTED ACROSS PEAT DEPOSITS HYDROLOGIC PARAMETERSJulien Guillemoteau (University of Potsdam), P. Koyan (University of Timo Lähivaara (University of Eastern Finland), A. PasanenPotsdam), J.Tronicke (University of Potsdam) (Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), A. Malehmir (Uppsala University), J. Kaipio (University of Auckland)Subsurface conductivity imaging with mobile electromagnetic sensor is ofgrowing interest for characterizing soils across large areas of several hectares. This study aims at developing computational tools to estimate aquiferIn this study, we evaluate the feasibility of characterizing peat deposits with dimensions and hydrologic parameters using seismic data. The poro-elasticdensely sampled electromagnetic induction (EMI) data acquired by a four- signature from an aquifer is simulated and using this signature we estimateconfiguration SLINGRAM sensor on a well-controlled test-site near Paulinenaue water-table level and aquifer porosity, and infer the location of aquifer-basement(Germany). We specially discuss the signatures of 2D/3D subsurface structures boundary. We use discontinuous Galerkin method to solve the forward modeland the removal of their effects on the 1D inversion results. At this test-site, we that characterizes the propagation of seismic waves in coupled poro-elastic-performed 62 boreholes in order to collect ground-truth information regarding the elastic media. The inverse problem is solved in a Bayesian framework, whichspatial distribution of the peat layers. We also compare our inversion results to enables to take into account modeling uncertainties. For the inverse problem,ground penetrating radar (GPR) data recorded along one selected profile across we use the Bayesian approximation error method, which reduces the overallthe peat body. computational demand. At this stage, results for a 2D synthetic model are presented to illustrate the potential of the algorithm for hydrogeologicalPRESENTER/CONTACT: RUTH BEHRENDT applications.E-mail: [email protected] PRESENTER/CONTACT: LAIS TRENTOADDRESS: Uppsala Universitet, Villavägen 16, 752 36 EMAIL: [email protected], Sweden ADDRESS: University of Western Ontario, 16-683BEDROCK DEPTH ESTIMATIONS AND THEIR Windermere Rd, London ON N5X 3T9, CanadaLIMITATIONS - COMPARISON BETWEENREFRACTION SEISMICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHYINVESTIGATIONS (ERT) FOR TIME-LAPSE MAPPING OF IN-SITU SELF-SUSTAINING TREATMENT FOR ACTIVEE. Behrendt (Uppsala University), E. Lundberg (Uppsala University), REMEDIATIONC. Juhlin (Uppsala University), F. Zhang (Uppsala University), T.Lehtimäki (Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co.) L.M. Trento (University of Western Ontario), P. Tsourlos (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki), J.I. Gerhard (University of WesternIn this study, we compared a model of bedrock depth derived from a high Ontario), M. McMaster (Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.), A. Simsresolution seismic dataset to a very extensive set of geotechnical bedrock depth (Savron Solutions)estimations. The results of both methods are in very good agreement on thelarger scale, but also show considerable differences in some locations. These This study evaluates the use of time-lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomographydifferences are usually attributed to errors in the refraction model since it has (ERT), a surface-based geophysical technique, as a complementary methodgenerally a lower accuracy and is affected by unresolved near-surface velocity to monitor the first full-scale application of Self-sustaining Treatment for Activevariations. However, we found several locations where the data consistently Remediation (STAR) smouldering technology in real-time. A shallow treatmentindicate that the geotechnical sounding yielded significantly too shallow bedrock region (with ignition point at 2.4 meters below ground surface) was evaluatedestimations. Therefore, we argue that both methods should be evaluated at an industrial site with coal tar contamination, and resistivity surveys werecarefully and – wherever possible – should be combined to a comprehensive conducted before, during and after treatment to provide insight into the spatialdataset. Since geotechnical investigations are one-dimensional and seismic extent of the STAR smouldering reaction, groundwater and gas mobility,measurements are areal, they provide complementing information that can be influence of air flow and the capture zone of vapor extraction system. Resultsused to reduce errors. presented shows, qualitatively, a correlation between gas generated by smouldering and resistivity increases in the subsurface. Overall, the resistivity surveys provide continuous mapping of the entire treatment region, and the high-quality imagery show that ERT is a promising to evaluate in-situ STAR.Vol 23, 1 2018 43
GEOSCIENTISTS WITHOUT BORDERS® LUNCHEON GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION FOR GROUNDWATER AT THE KAKUMA REFUGEE CAMP IN THE TURKANA DESERT, KENYA SAGEEP 2018, Nashville, Tennessee Geoscientists without Borders® Luncheon 12:00 – 1:30 pm, Monday 26th March Guest Speaker - Paul BaumanSAGEEP 2018 – MONDAY LUNCHEON, MARCH 26TH The Kakuma Refugee Camp is located in the Turkana desert of groundwater being common. High to very high naturally occurring fluoride Northwestern Kenya. Many who have worked there would describe it as concentrations exist in all wells. From January 10 through January 22, 2016, one of the most unlikely outposts of humanity on the planet. The Camp was a geophysical water exploration program primarily funded by the Society of home to 188,000 refugees at the time of our survey. Refugees are from Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) Geoscientists Without Borders Program 19 different countries, and from a much larger number of ethnic and tribal (GWB) was carried out in the Refugee Camp and nearby areas. The overall groups. The “host” community Turkana people are traditional semi-nomadic goals of this program included providing drilling targets for new water wells, pastoralists, raising goats and camels. Given the lack of water in the area, introducing an improved geophysical approach to water exploration, training and the average daytime temperature highs reaching 40o C, the Turkana of refugees and Kakuma Water Supply staff, and adding to the knowledge of truly live on the frontier of where human existence is barely possible. the hydrogeology of the area. Kakuma is entirely dependent for drinking water on groundwater pumped Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was used to differentiate granular from 12 wells. Drilling success is sporadic with dry holes and brackish overburden from clay, weathered rock from fractured rock, fresh water from saline water, and to delineate faults. Seismic refraction clearly delineated the top of rock. The combination of ERT and seismic refraction are a vast improvement over the typically run 1-D vertical electrical soundings (VES). Nevertheless, confident identification of high production, low salinity and low fluoride aquifers is challenging. The results of this program revealed the geology and hydrogeology of Kakuma to be far more complex than previously believed. Nevertheless, in May 2016, two months after the completion of the 44 Vol 23, 1 2018
GEOSCIENTISTS WITHOUT BORDERS® LUNCHEONgeophysical program, three high yielding wells testing at sustainable yields BIOGRAPHY SAGEEP 2018 – MONDAY LUNCHEON, MARCH 26THof 29 m3/hr, 40 m3/hr, and 45 m3/hr were drilled and completed in what wehave termed the Northern Well Field. Given UNHCR’s (United Nations High Paul BaumanCommissioner for Refugees) practice of pumping wells for 10 hours per day, Advisian WorleyParsonswith a target water supply of 20 litres per person per day, these first three [email protected] can provide water to 57,000 refugees. Water chemistry analysed from + 1 403 247 5727the first of these three completed wells indicates fluoride concentrationswithin Kenyan and WHO Guidelines, an analysis unique in the 25 year Paul Bauman is the Technical Director of the Near Surface Geophysicsgroundwater supply history of Kakuma, and a direct result of the geophysical group at Advisian WorleyParsons, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Paul startedsurveys. the group in 1990, and has since managed or co-managed the group. Paul is a Professional Geophysicist and Professional Engineer with over 30 yearsGenerally, water exploration methods in East Africa have changed little since of geophysical exploration experience in the environmental, engineering,the 1960s. This program demonstrates that modern approaches can result water resource, mining, oil and gas, and archaeology disciplines. Paul hasin significantly improved water well drilling success rates, improved water a B.Sc.E. in Geological Engineering from Princeton, and an M.Sc. in Earthquality, and a dramatically improved overall understanding of the geology Sciences from the University of Waterloo. Paul has appeared in a numberand hydrogeology of a given area. of documentaries and television series including the National Geographic Television special Finding Atlantis, two NOVA documentaries (AncientSource of pictures: http://www.paulbaumangeophysics.com/ Refuge in the Holy Land and Holocaust Escape Tunnel [Nov., 2017]), theuploads/6/8/9/9/6899673/geophysical_exploration_gw_kakuma_kalobeyei_ documentary Deadly Deception at Sobibor, the six episode Discoveryturkana_county-rev_0.pdf series Finding Escobar’s Millions (Nov. 2017), the soon to be released The Good Nazi, and Finding Water (Jan., 2018), which is about the GWB waterTo learn More about the Geoscientists without Borders® program, go exploration program in the Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya. Besidesto http://seg.org/gwb. SEG are working on significant website updates Kakuma, Paul has worked and volunteered his services on numerous otherthat should be in place by the time of the SAGEEP meeting, including the geophysical and groundwater humanitarian relief projects for refugees,addition of a form people can fill out to share info on their willingness to migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) including in Indonesia,make an in-kind contribution of software, equipment, or expertise to future Bangladesh, and Uganda. Most of these programs have included aprojects. significant portion of teaching and field training.GEOSCIENTISTS WITHOUT BORDERS®After the 2004 tsunami in Sumatra, members of the Society of Exploration organizations that is dedicated to filling this gap. The funds made available byGeophysicists created Geoscientists without Borders® (GWB) to provide funding GWB have opened new opportunities to truly make a difference in natural disasterfor geoscience projects focused on humanitarian purposes, using oil industry mitigation by emphasizing the importance of going the last mile and getting thegeoscience technology to prevent mass destruction and casualties in situations word out and the training to those most threatened by natural hazards.”where natural and environmental hazards threaten human lives and livelihoods.Since its inception in 2008, GWB has funded 34 projects in 27 countries. Thanks to the leadership gift of founding supporter Schlumberger and manyProjects have focused on groundwater management; earthquake, volcano, other corporate and individual donors, GWB is able to fund geoscience projectslandslide and tsunami preparedness; archaeology; habit management; and that directly impact communities. GWB is increasing communities’ resilience topollution mitigation. risk through solid research that goes the last mile, bringing increased awareness of dangers and potentials and implementing plans that mitigate disaster or helpRon Harris says this of the impact of the GWB grant given for his team’s tsunami build capacity for communities to meet their own needs. If you are interested inhazard project in Java, Indonesia, “I have always thought it strange that I can find more information about how you can become involved with GWB, please visitfunds to study an active fault, a tsunami or an explosive volcano, but little to no the website at http://seg.org/gwb. Applications for the next round of funding arefunds are available to communicate the risk of these natural hazards directly to due 15 July 2018 and are available online at the GWB website. Those interestedthose most threatened by them. Geoscientists without Borders® is one of the few in donating to GWB may do so by visiting http://seg.org/donate.Vol 23, 1 2018 45
ORAL TECHNICAL PROGRAM & POSTER SESSION I - MONDAY • MARCH 26THSAGEEP 2018 – MONDAY EARLY AFTERNOON, MARCH 26th NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H POSTER SESSION I 1:30 – ELECTRICAL METHODS I GROUND PENETRATING TRANSPORTATION & FLUID FLOW MONITORING SPEED TALKS 3:00 pm RADAR I INFRASTRUCTURE I 1:30 – Chair: Dale Werkema Chair: Oliver Kuras POSTER 1:50 pm Co-chairs: Doria Kutrubes, Co-chairs: Ernst Niederleithinger, SESSION I Robert Freeland Sebastian S. Uhlemann SPEED TALKS 1:50 – 2:10 pm Integrating Terrestrial and Water- Bathymetry and Sediment Creating a Complete 3D Picture of the 3D Time-Lapse Geoelectrical Monitoring borne ERT Surveys at the Ripley Accumulation of Faylor Lake, World Above and Below by Integrating 3D of Moisture Content in an Experimental 2:10 – Landslide Near Ashcroft, BC PA Using a Newly Updated Subsurface Utility Engineering, Lidar, and Waste Rock Pile: Validation Using 2:30 pm Melvyn Best, Bemex Consulting Assembled GPR Apparatus Photogrammetry Hydrogeological Data 2:30 – International Ahmed Lachhab, Susquehanna Jorgen Bergstrom, GEL Geophysics Adrien Dimech, École Polytechnique de 3:00 pm University Montréal 2:40 – 3:00 pm Electrical Resistivity Imaging Assessment of Asphalt Pavement Advanced Geophysical Monitoring of Geophysical Monitoring of Microbial (ERI) of Transport Pathways Structure Using Integrated Unstable Slopes – Towards Improved Early Induced Carbonate Precipitation Controlling Phosphorous Loads Geophysical Techniques Warning and Risk Mitigation (MICP) at the Integrated Field Research to Drainage Ditches in Agricultural Felix Aiwekhoe, University of Sebastian S. Uhlemann, British Geological Challenge (IRK) Site, at Rifle, CO Fields Ibadan Survey Sina Saneiyan, Rutgers University - Judy Robinson, Rutgers Newark University 2.5 Dimensional Inductively Multiple, Concurrent GPR Data Pseudo Three-Dimensional Imaging of Numerical Study on CO2 Leakage Coupled Resistivity Study of Karst Acquisition: the Warr Machine Creep Failure in a Highway Embankment Detection Using Electrical Streaming Geohazards Nectaria Diamanti, Sensors & Using Two-Dimensional Electric Earth Potential (SP) Data Wesley Brown, Stephen F. Austin Software Inc Resistivity Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen State University Riley Balikian, Illinois State Geological University Survey Monday Poster Session I - Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom) - Sponsored by R. T. Clarke 46 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION I - TECHNICAL PROGRAM MONDAY • MARCH 26THPOSTER SESSION I – MONDAY 26, 2018 | 1:30 – 3:00 PMNASHVILLE BALLROOM FOYER (REGISTRATION AREA)1. ACQUISITION OF ACTIVE MULTICHANNEL 9. AN OPEN-ACCESS PYTHON INTERFACE FOR SAGEEP 2018 - MONDAY, MARCH 26TH ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) DATA IN INVERSION, SENSITIVITY AND EQUIVALENCE KARST TERRAIN, ANALYSIS OF TDEM DATA, Ghassan Alsulaimai, Missouri University of Science & Cyril Schamper, Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR Technology & Saudi Geological Survey, Rafat 7619 METIS; Cécile Finco, Sorbonne Universités, Ghandoura, Saudi Geological Survey UPMC; Fayçal Rejiba, Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR 7619 METIS2. USING HORIZONTAL TO VERTICAL SPECTRAL RATIO (HVSR) TECHNIQUE TO MAP BEDROCK 10.CROSS-HOLE TOMOGRAPHY FOR URBAN TOPOGRAPHY, KALAMAZOO COUNTY, MI, Benjamin UNDERGROUND KARST CAVE, Seiderman, Western Michigan University Shengdong Liu; Jun Zhang; Bo Wang, China University of Mining and Technology3. STRUCTURE OF MINA DEFLECTION IN MONO LAKE, CA: IMPLICATIONS FOR 11. AVOIDANCE OF HYPOGENIC KARST CAVERNS PALEOSEISMOLOGY, Radhika Sangani FOR OIL AND GAS DRILLING THOUGH THE USE OF FULL TENSOR GRAVITY GRADIOMETRY DATA,4. POLARIZATION MIGRATION OF MULTI- Alan Morgan, Bell Geospace; Scott Payton, Bell COMPONENT SEISMIC DETECTION IN THE TUNNEL Geospace; Greg Jorgensen, Flat Irons Geophysics; OF MOUNTAIN CITIES, Kevin Stafford, Stephen F. Austin State University Bo Wang, China University of Mining and Technology; Biao Jin 12.DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN UNDERWATER ADVANCED TIME-DOMAIN5. INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEM, CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROMORPHIC SOIL IN Steve Saville, CH2M Hill; Bart Hoekstra, Geometrics; PART OF SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA, Thomas Bell Omobola Akinrinola, University of Ibadan; Micheal Oladunjoye, University of Ibadan 13.SUBSURFACE ANALYSIS USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) TO IDENTIFY CHANGES IN THE HYDRAULIC GRADIENT OF AN ALLUVIAL AQUIFER AT MONTANDON, PA, Michael Sharer, Susquehanna University; Ahmed Lachhab, Susquehanna University 14.NEW SEISMIC PREDICTION OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES AHEAD OF THE TUNNEL USING REFLECTION WAVE, Ao Song; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences; Bing SongVol 23, 1 2018 47
ORAL TECHNICAL PROGRAM MONDAY • MARCH 26TH NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H EARTHQUAKES & 3:00 - ELECTRICAL METHODS II GROUND PENETRATING TRANSPORTATION & MISSISSIPPI AQUIFER INVESTI- VOLCANOES 5:00 pm Chair: Dale Werkema RADAR II INFRASTRUCTURE II GATION, CHARACTERIZATION Co-chairs: Dariush Motazedian, Co-chairs: Doria Kutrubes, Chair: Sebastian S. Uhlemann AND PROCESSES Heather Crow Robert Freeland Co-chairs: Bruce Smith, Wade KressSAGEEP 2018 – MONDAY LATE AFTERNOON, MARCH 26TH 3:00 - Assessing Coastal Erosion and Measurement of the Electrical 3-D Geo-View of Subsurface Coupling Groundwater Flow Modeling with Liquefaction Potential Assessment 3:20 pm Accretion Along the Illinois Lake Properties of Concrete During the Conditions for Rapid Roadway Stability Geophysical Mapping to Assess Water of Some Coastal Sands of Lagos, Michigan Shore Using Waterborne Curing Process Using a Variable Assessment Availability in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain South-Western Nigeria, Using Geophysics Reflector with GPR Dustin Robbins, Federal Highway Wade Kress, U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical and Geotechnical Kisa Mwakanyamale, Illinois State Nectaria Diamanti, Sensors & Administration Methods Geological Survey - University of Software Inc. Hamid Titilope Oladunjoye Illinois 3:20 - Considerations Regarding Small- Use of Ground-Penetrating Radar to Detailed GPR Survey for Detecting Evaluating Geomorphological Controls 3D Nonlinear Ground Motion 3:40 pm Scale Borehole to Surface ERT Evaluate Historical Site Geologic Data Boulders Buried in a Subgrade of a on Aquifer Recharge Using Continuous Simulation for the Kinburn Basin Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen Christopher Buckman, Wood Highway Under Construction Resistivity Profiling Methods Using a Deterministic Approach University Environment and Infrastructure Hiroshi Kisanuki, Public Works Jason Payne, USGS Amin Esmaeilzadeh, Carleton Solutions Research Institute Waterborne-Geophysical Surveys to University Characterize Streambed Sediments for 3:40 - 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography Attenuation of GPR Signals in Refraction Seismic Modeling and Improving Hydrologic Frameworks Multi-Seismic and GPR Approach for 4:00 pm and VLF-EM Survey in Virginia City, Highly Magnetic Soils at the National Inversion for the Detection of Fracture Ryan Adams, U.S. Geological Survey Slope Stability Assessment, McGalls Montana Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, Zones in Bedrock Bay, Bermuda Mohamed Khalil, Geophysical Honolulu, HI Georgios Tassis, Geological Survey of Mario Carnevale, Hager Engineering Dep. Montana Tech of Ryan North, US Army Engineer Norway (NGU) GeoScience, Inc. Univ. of Montana Research & Development Center 4:00 - On the Origin of Subsidence in Butte, Application of GPR Integrated with Improving the Hydrogeologic Framework of Detailed Near Surface Geophysical 4:20 pm Montana: a Geophysical Investigation Rtk/Gps for Mapping Drainage Pipes the Mississippi Alluvial Plain Using Time- Survey at an Area Stricken by the of Unidentified Sources of Subsidence at an Agricultural Test Plot Facility in Domain Electromagnetics 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes and Hydrological Environmental Beltsville, Maryland Drew Thayer, U.S. Geological Survey Tomio Inazaki, Public Works Impacts Through 2D and 3D Electrical Barry Allred, USDA/ARS Soil Drainage Research Institute Resistivity and Self-Potential Research Unit Mohamed Khalil, Geophysical Engineering Dep. Montana Tech of Univ. of Montana 4:20 - Effective Application of 3D-GPR Geophysical Monitoring of Engineered Improving Estimates of Aquifer Properties in IMASW Vs-Depth Measurements 4:40 pm System for Various Civil Engineering Earthworks - Time-Lapse Assessment the Mississippi Alluvial Plain Using Borehole at Ceus Seismic Stations for Use in Tasks of Geotechnical Properties and Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Ground Motion Characterization of Aleksey Khamzin, Infrasense, Inc Ben Dashwood, British Geological Carole Johnson, USGS the 2011 Prague, OK Earthquake Survey Jim Pfeiffer, Fugro Consultants, Inc. 4:40 - Difficult Targets, Difficult Terrain: a Hydrogeophysical Characterization Along Characterising Earthquake 5:00 pm GPR Survey Gone Awry the Tallahatchie River in the Mississippi Monitoring Stations Using MASW, Kathryn Decker, Hager GeoScience, Alluvial Plain with Implications for Natural Microtremor Array, SCPT and Cross- Inc. and Enhanced Aquifer Recharge Hole Tomography James Rigby, US Department of Agriculture Marco de Kleine, Deltares ARS 48 Vol 23, 1 2018
ORAL & POSTER SESSION II & TECHNICAL PROGRAM TUESDAY • MARCH 27TH8:00 - NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II9:40 am SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H8:00 - AIRBORNE EM,8:20 am MULTICHANNEL ELECTROMAGNETICS I NUCLEAR MAGNETIC PERSPECTIVE ON MILITARY AIRBORNE, REMOTE ANALYSIS OF SURFACE RESONANCE I MUNITIONS RESPONSE SENSING & DRONES Chair: Hongzhu Cai WAVES (MASW) I Co-chairs: PROGRAM (MMRP) GEOPHYSICS Co-chairs: Bruce Smith, Ahmad-Ali Behroozmand, Ted Asch Co-chairs: Choon Park, Co-chairs: Jeffrey Leberfinger, Kathryn Decker Kristina Keating John Jackson An Airborne Electromagnetic Investigation of the Marina, CA Farmland Compaction Study Using Joint Inversion of Differential Random Noise Suppression of Mrs SERDP and ESTCP Program on Munitions Hydrogeologic Framework SAGEEP 2018 – TUESDAY EARLY MORNING, MARCH 27TH a High Frequency Surface Wave Electrical Dipole Data and Oscillating Signals Using Segment Response Ted Asch, Aqua Geo Frameworks Method Transient Electromagnetic Time-Frequency Peak Filtering Herb Nelson, Director, SERDP ESTCP Zhiqu Lu, National Center for Data: Investigation of a Coastal Tingting Lin Physical Acoustics, The University of Freshwater Aquifer in Belgium Mississippi Buelent Tezkan, University of Cologne8:20 - MASW Surveys with Multiple Impacts Loupe, a New Portable Time- Pre-Polarization Using in Adiabatic Quality Considerations for Munition Airborne EM and Ground Resistivity8:40 am Pulses for Detection of Surface Investigations Methods in Placer Gold Mining at Multiple Offsets (MIMO) Domain EM Profiling System Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jordan Adelson, Chair- DoD Environmental Shawn Ryan Tingting Lin Data Quality Workgroup and Director- Navy Choon Park, Park Seismic LLC Greg Street, Angre Pty Ltd Laboratory Quality and Accreditation Office8:40 - Application of 3D Ambient Noise 3-D Dense AMT for Podiform An Improved High-Sensitivity U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Perspectives Incorporating Unmanned Aircraft9:00 am Tomography to Environmental Chromite Exploration Broadband Magnetic Resonance on Use of Advanced Geophysical Imaging with Ground-Penetrating and Engineering Study in the Sounding Coil Sensor Without Classification for Munitions Response Radar for Efficient Mapping of Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Rujun Chen, Central South Signal Distortion for Groundwater Nicholas Stolte, Project Manager, USACE Agricultural Drainage Tile Systems Koichi Hayashi, OYOUSA Detecting HNC Robert Freeland, University of University” Tingting Lin Tennessee9:00 - Application of 2D Ambient Noise High Resolution Near Surface Long-Term Monitoring of Soil Environmental Data Quality, What It Means for Helicopter Time-Domain EM Results9:20 am Tomography to Levee Safety Profiling by Small Slingram Loop Moisture Content Using Portable Munitions Response Over the Wahpeton Aquifer System, Assessment in New Orleans for Time-Domain Electromagnetic NMR Instruments Andrew Schwartz, U.S. Army Corps of Fargo, North Dakota Koichi Hayashi, OYOUSA Method Dave Walsh, Vista-Clara, Inc. Engineers Jean Legault, Geotech Ltd Rujun Chen, Central South University9:20 - Application of Underwater MASW and Application of the Small- Inversion of Airborne EM Data with09:40 Acoustic Methods in the Assessment Loop TDEM Method to the an Explicit Choice of Prior Modelam of Sub-Seabed Conditions Prior to Quantification of Both Electrical Thomas Mejer Hansen, University of Construction of the Manifa Causeway, and Magnetic Parameters of the Copenhagen Saudi Arabia Subsurface Kevin Sayers, AECOM Cécile Finco, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC9:40 - Tuesday Poster Session II in Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area)10:20 am Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom)10:00 -10:20 am Vol 23, 1 2018 49
POSTER SESSION II - TECHNICAL PROGRAM TUESDAY • MARCH 27TH POSTER SESSION II – TUESDAY 27, 2018 | 9:40 – 10:20 AM & 2:30 – 3:00 PM NASHVILLE BALLROOM FOYER (REGISTRATION AREA)SAGEEP 2018 – TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 1. VADOSE ZONE MOISTURE DYNAMICS OF THREE 8. DETECTION OF THE HUANGZHUANG-GAOLIYING ROCKY MOUNTAIN HILLSLOPES OBSERVED FAULT ZONE USING SHALLOW GEOPHYSICAL USING TIME-LAPSE ELECTRICAL GEOPHYSICS, METHODS IN BEIJING, CHINA, Andrew Parsekian, University of Wyoming; Maneh Shuai Zhao, Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, Kotikian, University of Wyoming; Nadia Fantello; Dahu Li, Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, Ginger Paige, University of Wyoming; Thijs Kelleners, Yongqi Meng, Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, University of Wyoming; Brent Ewers, University of Jiajun Sun Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing Wyoming; Noriaki Ohara, University of Wyoming; Daniel Beverly, University of Wyoming; Heather 9. SELF- DEPLOYED MOBILE STATION-KEEPING FOR Speckman, University of Wyoming; David Millar LITTORAL AND ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENTS, Arnis Mangolds, C-2 Innovations, Inc (C-2i) 2. FULL WAVEFORM INVERTION OF CROSSHOLE RADAR DATA, 10. SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF A LEVEE Zhouwen Hu; Rongyi Qian, China University of SEGMENT, Geosciences Rebecca Rhodes; Mohammad Najmush Sakib Oyan, The University of Mississippi; Bohara Pratap, The 3. APPLICATION OF HIGH-DENSITY SEISMIC University of Mississippi; Adnan Aydin, University of EXPLORATION IN THE DETECTION OF GROUND Mississippi; Patrick Mosely, University of Mississippi FISSURES IN QIAOZI, BEIJING, Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences; 11. THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND Zhenning Ma MOISTURE CHANGE ON GROUND PENETRATION RADAR SIGNAL USED FOR BRIDGE DECK 4. FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN NUMERICAL ASSESSMENTS, SIMULATION OF 3D GROUND PENETRATING Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and RADAR FOR URBAN ROAD CAVITY DETECTION, Technology Lichao Liu; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences 12. RESEARCH ON VOLUME EFFECT OF SHALLOW TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC EXPLORATION, 5. SEISMIC REFLECTION INTERPRETATION Yu Han; Chuan-tao Yu, Taiyuan University of TECHNOLOGY OF URBAN GROUND FISSURES Technology; Suo-liang Chang, Taiyuan University of WITH HIGH DENSITY REFLECTION, Technology Yujia Ma; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences 13. CLASSIFICATION OF UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE USING ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA – 6. THE PROCESSING AND ANALYZING OF 500 MHZ TECHNOLOGY UPDATE, LPR DATA FROM CHANG’E-3 MISSION, Darren Mortimer, Geosoft Inc; Nick Valleau, Geosoft; Ke Shang Dean Keiswetter, Acorn SI; Tom Furuya, Acorn SI 7. AN INTEGRAL DETECTION TESTING OF ANCIENT 14.IMPROVING SNMR 1D INVERSION ACCURACY LANDSLIDE BY ACOUSTIC AND ELECTRICAL USING THE MULTI-CENTRAL LOOP FEATURES, CONFIGURATION, Qiang Chen, Taiyuan University of Technology; Yu Thomas Kremer, Université de Liège Chuangtao; Chang SuoLiang 50 Vol 23, 1 2018
TECHNICAL PROGRAM & EEGS LUNCHEON TUESDAY • MARCH 27TH NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H AIRBORNE EM, AIRBORNE, REMOTE10:20 - MULTICHANNEL ELECTROMAGNETICS II NUCLEAR MAGNETIC ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY SENSING & DRONES12:00 pm ANALYSIS OF SURFACE RESONANCE II TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION (CONTINUED) Chair: Hongzhu Cai PROGRAM (ESTCP) SPONSORED WAVES (MASW) II Co-chairs: ORDNANCE CLASSIFICATION Co-chairs: Bruce Smith, Ahmad-Ali Behroozmand, Ted Asch Co-chairs: Choon Park, Chair: Jonathan Miller Kathryn Decker Kristina Keating10:20 - Imaging Multiple-Mode Surface Parallelized 3D Inversion of Joint Inversion of NMR Data Classification of Small TOI in Highly Cluttered Above the Dump: a SUAS SAGEEP 2018 – TUESDAY LATE MORNING, MARCH 27TH10:40 am Wave Dispersion Panels to Airborne and Ground-based Time Measured at Different Water Areas Enabled Aeromagnetic Survey Estimate Material Damping Domain Electromagnetic Data Saturations Fridon Shubitidze, Dartmouth College of a Landfill Michael Kalinski, University of Using Efficient Finite Element Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen Ronald Bell, International Kentucky Method University Geophysical Services, LLC Hongzhu Cai, Aarhus University10:40 - Projections Analysis of Surface Comparing a New Towed TEM Reliable Noise Measure in Time- Applying Advanced Geophysical Drone Enabled Geoscientific11:00 am Waves (PASW) - Description of System to Geophysical and Gated NMR Data Classification at High Target Density Sites Mapping Is the New Paradigm the Method and Case Studies Geological Data Trevor Irons, University of Utah Kevin Kingdon for Environmental Site Andrey Konkov, Geodevice LLC Anders V. Christiansen Characterization Ronald Bell, International Geophysical Services, LLC11:00 - Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Mapping Groundwater Springs Dynamic Borehole NMR Lessons Learned from Live Sites Aquifer Delineation with the11:20 am Near-Surface Applications Beneath a Landfill Liner Measurement of Fluid Flow and Demonstrations in Challenging Environments Tempest Fixed-Wing AEM Richard Costley, U.S. Army Peter Hutchinson, THG Mixed Phase Systems Matthew Barner, Tetra Tech EC, Inc. System in the Perth Basin Engineer Research and Geophysics Elliot Grunewald, Vista Clara, Inc. Darren Burrows, CGG Development Center11:20 - IBC Vs30 Method: What Does It Near-Surface Exploration with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Considerations for Advanced Geophysical Evaluation of the Micro-11:40 am Really Tell Us? the Usage of Controlled Source Scheme to Detect Oil Under Arctic Classification Integration on Guam Fabricated Atomic Mario Carnevale, Hager Radio-Magneto-tellurics Sea-Ice Ryan Steigerwalt, Weston Solutions Magnetometer Deployed from GeoScience, Inc Arseny Shlykov, Geodevice LLC Eiichi Fukushima, ABQMR a Small Autonomous Rotorcraft for Locating Legacy Oil & Gas Wells Garret Veloski, US Department of Energy11:40 - Comparison of Seismic Sources High Frequency Electromagnetic MRS 2018 Workshop Preview12:00pm for MASW Investigations, Response from Short and Tingting Lin12:00 - Appalachian Piedmont Province Long Wires for IED and Tunnel1:30 pm in Pennsylvania, USA Detection. William Seaton, ARM Group Inc. Dan Glaser, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory EEGS Luncheon Vol 23, 1 2018 51
ORAL & POSTER SESSION II TECHNICAL PROGRAM TUESDAY • MARCH 27THSAGEEP 2018 – TUESDAY EARLY AFTERNOON, MARCH 27TH 1:30 – NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II 2:20 pm SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H ARCHAEOLOGY I MULTICHANNEL ELECTROMAGNETICS III GEOPHYSICS SITE APPLICATION OF Chair: Laura Sherrod ANALYSIS OF SURFACE EDUCATION I MUNITION CLASSIFICATION TECH- Chair: Hongzhu Cai NOLOGIES CONTRACTOR EXPERI- WAVES (MASW) III Chair: Jonathan Nyquist ENCES - BOTH GOOD AND BAD I Co-chairs: Choon Park, Co-chairs: Darren Mortimer, Kathryn Decker Sandra Takata 1:30 – An Alternative Representation of A New Towed Ground-based TEM Building a Large, Outdoor, Metal Mapper 2 X 2: Industry and Government 1:50 pm the Soil Profile for MASW Analysis System for 3D Imaging of the Top Underground Geophysical Update and Perspective Paul Michaels, Boise State 70 Meter of the Subsurface Education Laboratory at Colorado Jeffrey Leberfinger, TerranearPMC LLC University Esben Auken, Hyrogeophysics School of Mines Group - Aarhus University Richard Krahenbuhl, Colorado School of Mines 1:50 – Common Mid-Point Cross- Geophysical Mapping for Retention of Geoscience Major Integrated Geophysical 2:10 pm Correlation Gathers of Long Landfill Delineation in Support Through Peer-Mentoring in Investigation of Archaeological MASW Array to Identify Lateral of Conceptual Site Model Mathematics Site at Ijebu-Imeri, South Heterogeneity of Unconsolidated Development Gina Pope, Temple University Western Nigeria Sediments Christopher Buckman, Wood Blessing Ekpebabor, University Pauline Kruiver, Deltares Environment and Infrastructure of Ibadan Solutions 2:10 – Assessing the Efficiency of DualEM4underwater – Frequency Geoscience Education Utilizing Advanced Geophysical Classification in a Geophysical Investigation of 2:30 pm Grouting Using MASW Surveys Domain Electromagnetic Social Media Communications Production Environment: a Case Study from the an 18th Century Schoolhouse Alessandro Cirone Induction Measurements Style: Experimental Study on Whiskey Flat Remedial Action Hawthorne Army in Trappe, PA for Near Surface Sediment the Effectiveness of Content Depot, Nevada Liam Doyle, Kutztown Characterization in Shallow Iconization and Condensation Steve Saville, CH2M Hill University Fresh Water, a Case Study from Abdelmoneam Raef, Kansas State Eastern Norway University Jürgen Scheibz, NGI 2:30 – Tuesday Poster Session II in Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) 3:00 pm 2:50 – Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom) 3:00 pm 52 Vol 23, 1 2018
TECHNICAL PROGRAM, EQUIPMENT DEMONSTRATION & HERMITAGE EVENT - TUESDAY • MARCH 27TH3:00 - NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SAGEEP 2018 – TUESDAY LATE AFTERNOON & EVENING, MARCH 27TH4:40 pm SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H ARCHAEOLOGY II MULTICHANNEL KARST AND SINKHOLES GEOPHYSICS SITE APPLICATION OF Chair: Laura Sherrod ANALYSIS OF SURFACE (SPONSORED BY NSG EDUCATION II MUNITION CLASSIFICATION INNOVATIONS) TECHNOLOGIES CONTRACTOR WAVES (MASW) IV Chair: Jonathan Nyquist EXPERIENCES – BOTH GOOD AND Chair: Steven Sloan BAD II (Sponsored by Parsons) Co-chairs: Choon Park, Kathryn Decker Co-chairs: Darren Mortimer, Sandra Takata3:00 - Use of Bender Element, Electromagnetic, GPR and Expanding the Scope of Open MetalMapper 2x2 –Testing and Effectiveness Lost But Not Forgotten:3:20 pm MASW and Downhole Seismic Thermal Mapping of Sinkholes for Source Software from Research to on a Munitions Response Site Geophysical Investigation of Approaches for Site Classification Ground Reinforcement Geophysics Education Stephen Stacy, Arcadis Revolutionary War Mass Burial Site and Geotechnical Applications Pauli Saksa, Geosto Ltd Seogi Kang, UBC Heather Willever, Kutztown Yara Maalouf University3:20 - Characterizing the Stiffness of a Mapping Subsurface in Karst Another Sage Success Story: Applying Advanced Geophysical Classification Geophysical Investigations3:40 pm Shallow Bedrock Site Using the Terrain Using 2-D Electrical Monitoring Groundwater Technology to Remedial Investigations and in the Salsovia Submerged Multichannel Analysis of Surface Resistivity Tomography Temperature Rise During Aquifer Feasibility Studies Archaeological Site Waves (MASW) Method with Kenneth Bansah, Missouri Recovery at the Buckman Jack Desmond, Parsons Sorin Anghel, National Research Rayleigh and Love Waves University of Science and Municipal Well Field, Santa Fe, and Development Institute for Siavash Mahvelati Technology New Mexico Marine Geology and Geoecology Shari Kelley, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources3:40 - Effects of Reductions in Number Combined Use of Surface and Student-Led Hydrogeological Effectively Implementing Root Cause Analysis4:00 pm of Channels on Rayleigh and Borehole Geophysical Methods Characterization of Colorado (RCA) on Projects Involving Advanced Love Wave Dispersion Images to Inform Remediation and River Alluvial Terraces Near Geophysics Acquired Using the Multichannel Monitoring Design Decisions Austin, Texas Using Integrated Stephen Massey, APTIM Analysis of Surface Waves Ryan Brumbaugh, Mundell & Geophysical Methods (MASW) Method Associates, Inc. Jeffrey Paine, The University of Siavash Mahvelati Texas at Austin4:00 - Numerical Investigation of Karst Re-Assessment After Forty-Five Years of Teaching Locating Unmarked Graves at an4:20 pm Unknown Foundation Geometry Remediation - a Case History Geophysics Laboratory Exercises Active Military Training Base Using Using Full Waveform Inversion of Rick Hoover, Quality William Sauck, Western Michigan Geophysical Methods Surface Waves Geosciences Company, LLC University Forrest Kunkel, Mundell & Siavash Mahvelati Associates, Inc.4:20 - 3D ERT Imaging of Subsurface4:40 pm Structure of a Sinkhole in Greene County, Missouri5:00 - Shishay Kidanu, Missouri S&T6:30 pm6:30 – Exhibitors Outdoor Equipment Demonstrations - On the Grounds of The Hermitage (transportation provided)9:00 pm BBQ/Entertainment/Line Dancing!/Special Tour of The Hermitage, Historic Home of US President Andrew Jackson (transportation provided) Vol 23, 1 2018 53
ORAL AND POSTER SESSION III TECHNICAL PROGRAM WEDNESDAY • MARCH 28TH NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H 8:00 – SPECIAL SESSION: HYDROGEOPHYSICS I SEISMIC METHODS I INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF HUMANITARIAN 9:40 am GEOPHYSICS FOR GEOPHYSICS ON MILITARY GEOPHYSICS URBAN UNDERGROUND Chair: Niels Claes Co-chairs: James Harris, SPACE DEVELOPMENT I Steven Sloan MUNITIONS RESPONSE PROGRAM Co-chairs: Michael Kalinski, (MMRP) PROJECTS Stephen Moysey Chair: Lanbo Liu Chair: Bob SelfridgeSAGEEP 2018 – WEDNESDAY EARLY MORNING, MARCH 28TH 8:00 – Communication of Geophysics Characterization of Norman Free and Improved Computer Bombs, Bullets, Taliban and Isis - Todays Range Training of Internally Displaced 8:20 am in Underground Infrastructure Landfill in Oklahoma: An Codes for HVSR Processing and Clearance Challenges in Afghanistan Persons (IDPS) to Develop Water Projects Integrated Geophysical and Inversion Bob Selfridge, U.S. army corps of Engineers Supplies in Returnee Villages in Mats Svensson, Tyréns AB Geochemical Approach to Image Samuel Bignardi, Georgia Institute Acholiland, Uganda a Contaminant Plume of Technology Paul Bauman, WorleyParsons MD Alam, University of 8:20 – Dense Seismic Array Tennessee at Knoxville HVSR Measurements in Complex Real-Time Magnetic Anomaly Detection Using Mobile DC Resistivity Sounding for 8:40 am Observations for Detecting Sedimentary Environment and Autonomous Platforms Groundwater Development in Subsurface Targets Using TBM Seismic Refraction Surveys of a Highly Structured Resonator Rahul Mhaskar, Geometrics, Inc Leogane, Haiti Mechanical Vibration Source Portion of Naval Station Newport, Topography – Comparisons with Michael Kalinski, University of Lanbo Liu, University of Rhode Island Seismic Reflection Profiles and Kentucky Connecticut Derek Pinkham, Tetra Tech EC Geophysical Borehole Logs Barbara Dietiker, Geological Survey of Canada 8:40 – Prediction of Water-Bearing Gaining Insights About The Use of Quasi-orthogonal Detection and Classification of Deep UXO with Time-Domain Electromagnetic 9:00 am Bodies in Tunneling with Surface- Hydrostratigraphy and Flow Sweeps for Simultaneous Sourcing Borehole Electromagnetics Surveys to Characterize Ground To-Underground Transient Through Fractured Rock by Using in Vibroseis Survey Laurens Beran, Black Tusk Geophysics Water Resources at Two United 9:00 – Electromagnetic Method High Sensitivity Thermal Gradient Aleksei Tarasov, Saint Petersburg Nations Refugee Camps in North- 9:20 am Zhihai Jiang Logging State University western Tanzania Peeter Pehme, G360 Institute for John Lane, USGS 9:20 – Anisotropic Ground Assessment Groundwater Research 9:40 am by Rayleigh Wave Dispersion Improving the Sustainability and 9:40 – Extracted Form Ambient Noise in Understanding Flow Transport Multicomponent Near-Surface Towed Array of Vertical Magnetic Gradiometers for Productivity of Poor Smallholder 10:20 am Urban Areas in the Critical Zone Using 3D Seismic Investigation for Detection of Buried Munitions at the Naval EOD Farmers in Northern Ghana Using 10:00 – Hao Xie, China University of Electrical Resistivity Imaging Infrastructure Development School, Eglin AFB, Florida Electromagnetic Induction Guided 10:20 am Petroleum (Beijing) Sina Saneiyan, Rutgers Rod Eddies, Fugro Jeff Gamey, Tetra Tech Precision Irrigation University - Newark Erasmus Oware, University at Reverse Time Imaging of Seismic Buffalo Beam-forming Data in Subway Estimation of Wetting Front Lost in Translation: Communication Cold Regions Effects on TDEMI Surveys for Metallic Tunnels Movement from Time-Lapse ERT Mishaps in Geophysics Debris Remediation Confirmation Groundwater Exploration on the Yuxiao Ren, Shandong University at Field Scale Jacob Sheehan, Olson Dan Glaser, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Teknaf Peninsula for the Rohingya Niels Claes, University of Engineering Laboratory Refugee Crisis Wyoming Colin Miazga, WorleyParsons Wednesday Poster Session III in Nashville Ballroom Foyer (Registration Area) Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom) 54 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION III -TECHNICAL PROGRAM WEDNESDAY • MARCH 28THPOSTER SESSION III – WEDNESDAY 28, 2018 | 9:40 AM – 10:20 PM NASHVILLE BALLROOM FOYER (REGISTRATION AREA)1. AKVO: AN OPEN SOURCE SURFACE NMR Guillier, Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre; Jean Louis WORKBENCH, Mugnier, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, ISTerre; Pascale Trevor Irons, University of Utah; M. Andy Kass, Dept. of Huyghe, Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre; Pascal Lacroix, Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre Geoscience, Aarhus University2. OBSERVE CONFIGURATION STUDY OF INDUCED 9. DEVELOPMENT OF A DOWNHOLE SAGEEP 2018 – WEDNESDAY MARCH 28TH POLARIZATION FORWARD PROSPECTING IN NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING SYSTEM TO EVALUATE TUNNEL BORING MACHINE TUNNELING, CONDITIONS BENEATH A DRILLED SHAFT Qian Guo, Shandong University; Bin Liu, Shandong EXCAVATION USING SEISMIC STRESS WAVES, University; Shucai Li; Lichao Nie, Shandong University; Joseph Coe, Temple University; Alireza Kordjazi Chuanwu Wang; Haidong Liu 10. USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND INDUCED3. A NEW METHOD FOR ACCURATE DETECTION IN POTENTIAL TO CHARACTERIZE HISTORIC THE URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACE, LANDFILLS IN KENTUCKY, Wenhan Li, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Thomas Brackman, Western Kentucky University; Engineering, Jilin University; He Li, College of Geology Michael May, Western Kentucky University; Nathaniel Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University; Xiu Shields, Western Kentucky University; Ken Melton, Li, College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Department for Environmental Protection; Tim Rogers, Chang’an University; Kailiang Lu, College of Geology Department for Environmental Protection Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University 11. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GROUND4. USING WAVE VELOCITIES TO PREDICT PENETRATION RADAR, REBARSCOPE AND COMPRESSION BEHAVIOR OF NORMALLY- PROPERTY SEISMIC ANALYZER FOR BRIDGE CONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS, Wisam Muttashar, DECK ASSESSMENT, University of Kentucky; L. Sebastian Bryson, University Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and of Kentucky; Edward Woolery, University of Kentucky Technology5. DETECTING AND IMAGING HISTORICAL GRAVES 12. NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING OF BY USING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR AND ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS, TIME DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD, Connor Armstrong, University of Kansas; Chi Zhang, Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and Dept. of Geology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Technology; James Hayes, Missouri University of J. Jennings, Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence Science and Technology 13. REVOLUTIONARY RECOVERY: GPR6. APPLICATION OF GPR FOR MONITORING THE INVESTIGATIONS AT THE BATTLE OF BROOKLYN, SAND BOX TEST WITH A CAPILLARY BARRIER, Mindy Kimball, US Military Academy; Benjamin Wallen, Seiichiro Kuroda; Kouki Takeuchi, Niigata University; US Military Academy; John Herrmann, US Military Nobuyuki Ishii; Toshihiro Morii, Niigata University Academy; Tanner Dismukes, US Military Academy7. APPLICATION OF CONTINUOUS SEISMIC 14. INFLUENCE AND UTLIZATION OF ELECTRODE PROFILING AND WATER-BORNE GROUND- COMBINATION IN DISTRIBUTED FULL-WAVEFORM PENETRATING RADAR METHODS AT THE INDUCED POLARIZATION DETECTION, THOMSON AND SCANLON RESERVOIRS NEAR Rujun Chen, Central South University; Weiqiang Liu, CLOQUET, MINNESOTA, Eric White, USGS; Perry Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of Jones, U.S. Geological Survey; Michael Bares, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; Pinrong Lin, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; Carole Johnson, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of USGS; John Lane, USGS Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; Qingtian Lv, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration8. SEISMIC RESPONSES OF THE BASIN-FILL of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; Ruijie SEDIMENTS AND RC-BUILDINGS IN THE Shen, Champion Geophysical Technology; Hongchun KATHMANDU VALLEY (NEPAL), Yao, Champion Geophysical Technology; Hongzhu Cai, Roshan Raj Bhattarai, University of Mississippi; Bertrand Aarhus UniversityVol 23, 1 2018 55
ORAL TECHNICAL PROGRAM WEDNESDAY • MARCH 28TH NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SALONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H UNCERTAINTY, DATA FUSION, BIG DATA & 10:20 am SPECIAL SESSION: HYDROGEOPHYSICS II SEISMIC METHODS II RECENT RESULTS IN MARINE 12:00 pm GEOPHYSICS FOR ACOUSTIC METHODS FOR DATA MINING URBAN UNDERGROUND Chair: Niels Claes Co-chairs: James Harris, MILITARY MUNITIONS SPACE DEVELOPMENT II Steven Sloan Chair: Geoff Pettifer DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION ISAGEEP 2018 – WEDNESDAY LATE MORNING, MARCH 28TH Chair: Lanbo Liu Chair: Jermaine Kennedy 10:20 - Detection of Road Voids in Urban Comparing Seasonal Soil Elastodynamic Response of the INVITED SPEAKER 10:40 am Area Using Multi-Frequency, Two- Antecedent Moisture Between Ground Surface Caused by Wind Recent results in marine acoustic methods for 10:40 - Dimensional GPR Array Two Sub-alpine Hillslopes Using Mohammad Mohammadi, National military munitions detection and classification I 11:00 am Lanbo Liu, University of ERT Center for Physical Acoustics Daniel Sternlicht, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Connecticut Tony Moraes Panama City Division Research on 3D Underground Geology Electrical Resistivity and Induced Fast Kirchhoff Depth Migration ACD Sensitivity to Vehicle Trajectory Survey Technology Applied in Winter Polarization Tomography Phil Bording, Alabama A&M Jeannine Abiva, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Olympics Host City Planning Characterization of Hyporheic University Panama City Division Rongyi Qian, China University of Zone Exchange Impacting Geosciences Mercury Transport in East Fork Popular Creek, Tennessee Dale Rucker, hydroGEOPHYSICS, Inc. 11:00 - Study on Multi-Galvanic Source Integrating Multiple Geophysical Characterizing Velocity Anomalies Acoustic Response of Underwater Objects: Land Geophysics and the 11:20 am Transient Electromagnetic Response Methods to Understand Through Full Waveform Inversion Numerical Models and At-Sea Measurements Ground Model: Avoiding Some for Ahead Geological Prospecting in Groundwater Storage and of Cross-well Seismic Data Steven Kargl, Applied Physics Laboratory, Key Pitfalls TBM-Excavated Subway Tunnels Discharge in Tropical Proglacial Wenyuan Zhang, University of University of Washington Rod Eddies, Fugro Kerui Fan, Shandong University Catchments Houston Robin Glas, Syracuse University 11:20 - Research on Relationship Between Gravity Surveying for a Effect of Input-Source Frequency Applying Spectral Estimation Techniques to Illuminating the Value of 11:40 am Electrical Resistance Tomography and Potable Water Supply, Central Content on Results from Seismic Acoustic Color Measurement Geophysical Imaging Through the Multiple Scales in Size and Depth of Massachusetts Techniques for the Vs Profile Daniel Cook, Georgia Tech Research Institute Visualization and Virtual Rock Fractures Doria Kutrubes, Radar Solutions Definition Reality Fan Jing International Fredy A. Diaz-Duran, University of Bane Sullivan, Colorado Waterloo School of Mines 11:40 am - Transient Electromagnetic Fictitious Designing of a Monitoring System Assessment of Aquifer 12:00pm Wave-Field 2D Migration Imaging and for Remediation of a Brownfield Uncertainty Using MRF-Based Its Application in Constructing Tunnel Area Stochastic Joint Inversion of Zhipeng Qi, College of Geology Konstantinos Tsakirmpaloglou Geophysical and Hydrological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an Measurements University Erasmus Oware, University at Buffalo 12:00 - Exhibition in Cumberland Ballroom & Lunch on Own 1:30 pm 56 Vol 23, 1 2018
ORAL TECHNICAL PROGRAM WEDNESDAY • MARCH 28TH1:30 - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SA- NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II SAGEEP 2018 – WEDNESDAY EARLY AFTERNOON, MARCH 28TH2:20 pm LONS A-C SALON D BALLROOM SALON E SALONS F-H DAMS AND LEVEES I SEISMIC METHODS III (Sponsored by Olson SIP - RECENT NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING RECENT RESULTS IN ACHIEVEMENTS REGARDING FOR ENGINEERING Co-chairs: James Harris, MARINE ACOUSTIC METHODS Engineering) PROBLEMS Steven Sloan UNDERSTANDING, FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS Co-chairs: Glenn Rix, MEASUREMENT, AND Co-chairs: DETECTION AND Jeffrey Munsey Ernst Niederleithinger, CLASSIFICATION II INVERSION L. Sebastian Bryson Chair: Jermaine Kennedy Chair: Norbert Klitzsch1:30 - 3-D SIP for Podiform Chromite Exploration Influence of Ground Seabed Target Characterization Using Microgravity to Assess Karst Inhomogeneity on Wind-Induced Bistatic and Multi-static Scattering Beneath TVA Dams1:50 pm Rujun Chen, Central South University Ground Vibrations Erin Fischell, Woods Hole Oceanographic Ronald Kaufmann, Spotlight Rujun Chen, Central South University Mohammad Mohammadi, Institution Geophysical Services National Center for Physical Acoustics1:50 - Microscale Simulation of the IP Response Investigation of the Haweswater Characteristics of Shear-Wave Elastic Target Modeling for Physics- Guntersville Dam South2:10 pm Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen Aqueduct with an Innovative Rapid Reflections from a Shallow Based Automatic Classification Embankment 3-D GIS Model University Scanning Ground-Penetrating Radar Limestone Unit in West-Central Lane Owsley, APL-UW Justin Shelton, Golder Associates System Mississippi David Valintine, Fugro USA Land, Inc James Harris, Millsaps College2:10 - Sulfuric Black Shales in a Landfill – a Laboratory Efforts to Develop a Borehole Quaternary Buried Valley Advanced UltraTEM-III UXO Detection Using Geophysics to Assist2:30 pm Combined Time Domain Spectral Induced Non-destructive Testing System to Characterization on the and Classification in the South Pacific an Internal Erosion/Seepage Polarization and Geochemical Approach Inspect in Situ Foundation Elements Canadian Prairies Using a Region Investigation at the TVA Chatuge to Map and Quantify an Environmental Alireza Kordjazi Shear Land-Streamer William Rowlands, Gap EOD Dam Risk, a Case Study from the Oslo Graben David Schieck, Echo Kevin Hon, S&ME, Inc. (Norway) Environmental Jürgen Scheibz, NGI2:30 - Coffee in Exhibit Hall (Cumberland Ballroom)2:50 pm Vol 23, 1 2018 57
ORAL TECHNICAL PROGRAM WEDNESDAY • MARCH 28TH 3:00 - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SA- NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM NASHVILLE BALLROOM CAPITOL II 5:00 pm LONS A-C SALON D SALON E SALONS F-H DAMS AND LEVEES II BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICS CHARACTERIZING AND SOIL SCIENCE/ NON-ACOUSTIC (EM AND (Sponsored by Olson (SPONSORED BY MODELING DIFFICULT AGRICULTURE OTHER) METHODS FOR MARINE EXPLOSIVES OF CONCERN (MEC) Engineering) KENTUCKY GEOTECHNICAL HYDROGEOLOGIC Co-chairs: Barry Allred, DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION ENGINEERING GROUP (KGEG)) SYSTEMS DeBonne Wishart Co-chairs: Glenn Rix, Chair: Gregory Schultz Jeffrey Munsey Chair: Ben Webster Chair: John Jansen Investigating Transient Electromagnetic Using Ground-PenetratingSAGEEP 2018 – WEDNESDAY LATE AFTERNOON, MARCH 28TH 3:00 - Advances in Slimline Borehole Lessons from 3D Hydrogeological In-Situ Cassava Root Size Response in the Underwater Environment Radar and Remote Visual 3:20 pm Geophysical Logging Conceptual Model Building in Measurement Using Ground- Lin-Ping Song, UBC Inspections to Assist the James LoCoco, Mount Sopris Instrument Denmark Penetrating Radar Rehabilitation of the Lake Company Torben Bach, I•GIS Timothy Larson, Illinois State Modeling Targets EMI Responses in an Raven Dam Spillway at Geological Survey Underwater Environment Huntsville State Park, Texas Fridon Shubitidze, Dartmouth College David Valintine, Fugro USA 3:20 - New USGS Public Web-Based Tool for Multi-Phase Flow Simulations Geophysical and Permeability Land, Inc. 3:40 pm Viewing and Downloading Geophysical of Methane Gas Leakage in an Assessment of Soil Spatial Variability Log Data Unconfined Aquifer: Revealing of Cocoa Research Farm Ibadan, History of Geophysical Melinda Chapman, U.S. Geological the Importance of Hydrogeologic Southwestern Nigeria Application at TVA Survey Conditions on GPR and ERT Abayomi Olaojo, Ajayi Crowther Jeffrey Munsey, Tennessee Signatures University,Oyo Valley Authority Colby Steelman, University of Guelph 3:40 - Complex of High-Resolution Seismic Electrophysics and Geoinformation Case-Study Using a High-Resolution Geophysical Methods Used 4:00 pm Techniques for Surveying Existing and Systems in Soil-Agrochemical Electromagnetic Induction System for Detection to Support TVA’s Dam Safety Under-Construction Objects Research and Characterization of Unexploded Ordnances, Assurance Program Andrey Konkov, Geodevice LLC Larisa Golovko, Landviser, LLC Sea-Mines and Dredging Hazards Chris Bryant, Golder Stephen Billings, Black Tusk Geophysics Inc Associates 4:00 - Campaign Cross-Borehole Seismic Assessing the Utility of a New Investigation of Mobile Electrical Underwater Dynamic Classification Technology Geophysical Surveys on Carroll 4:20 pm Characterization for the EGS Collab Geophysical Subsurface Imaging Charges in Soils Formed Above Jonathan Miller, White River Technologies County Dam Project System for Efficient Evaluation of Sulfur-Hydrocarbon Deposits Leti Wodajo, University of Paul Schwering, Sandia National Recharge Sites Vadim Chernov, Landviser, LLC Mississippi Laboratories Ahmad-Ali Behroozmand, Stanford University 4:20 - Borehole Geophysical Calibration Integrated Electromagnetic Detection and Characterization of Military 4:40 pm Facilities of the Geological Survey of Geophysical Study for Water Munitions Using Electromagnetic Arrays Canada, in Ottawa, Canada: An Update Resources in Great Sand Dunes Deployed from Remotely or Unmanned Vehicles Heather Crow, Geological Survey of National Park, Colorado Gregory Schultz, White River Technologies Canada Benjamin Bloss, U.S. Geological Survey In-Field Applications of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Magnetometer for Munitions 4:40 - Limitations of Acoustic Televiewer Groundwater Exploration Over and Explosives of Concern Detection 5:00 pm Measurements in Large Void Spaces a Large Impact Structure in Carter DuVal, University of Delaware Mark Domaracki, Hager GeoScience, Inc. Manson, Iowa John Jansen, Collier Consulting 58 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONMT SOPRIS Vol 23, 1 2018 59
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION MT SOPRIS MOUNT SOPRIS INSTRUMENT COMPANY, INC. Since our inception in 1953, our accomplishments have been founded by a set of principles that define our character. Our portable and semi-portable geophysical logging systems help provide answers to many of your subsurface questions. System durability and reliability are enduring qualities, and the shared convictions of our professional and personal conduct toward clients, vendors, friends & foes enhances our “Spirt of Service” mentality and continues to be the fundamental strength of our business. Above all, we have made it our No. 1 priority to serve the needs of these clients. Whether it be a basic ground water geophysical logger, or a complex semi-quantitative petrophysical logger at a new mining exploration project, we deliver solutions. 2018 is our 66th year! Success and longevity commitment is reflected in a culture that values integrity, professionalism, and a passion for industry leadership. It also leads us to operate with prudence, customer responsiveness, downhole tool innovation, and a clear understanding that trust is something we must earn every day. Accountability Our reputation is always in the line. All instrumentation developed at Mount Sopris is designed by multidisciplinary engineers and geophysicists with many years of field experience and expert training. In 2005 we introduced the innovative MATRIX Logging Console with capability to operate with downhole tools manufactured by many vendors. In 2017, after listening to customers, we introduced SCOUT, which allows faster logging speeds when combined with our QL (Quick Link) family of geophysical logging tools. Excellence Anything else is never acceptable. Over the years Mount Sopris has collaborated with the world’s most creative universities, research houses, and government agencies to produce leading edge technology in slimline borehole geophysics. With our partners at ALT we have brought slimline optical and acoustic televiewers with increasingly higher resolution borehole wall imagery and versatile software to present data. Integrity Leadership demands responsibility. Mount Sopris logging winches, downhole tools & uphole acquisition systems are built to withstand field conditions geophysicists and field engineers often encounter Teamwork Always makes us better. With a diversified staff we draw on our expertise to provide solutions. Entrepreneurship Using creativity to find opportunities overlooked by others. In 2018 we will deliver a new generation Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) Ql40-SIP tool, a new downhole QL40-nGEN neutron generator, and we can now rent a QL40-BMR (Borehole Magnetic Resonance) tool for real-time, bound, capillary, free water and total porosity logs, along with hydraulic conductivity logs. www.mountsopris.com 60 Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORS Aarhus GeoSoftware Hager Geoscience SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION www.aarhusgeosoftware.dk http://www.hagergeoscience.com Advanced Geosciences, Inc. IDS GeoRadar https://www.agiusa.com/ idsgeoradar.com Andes Earth Imaging IRIS Instruments http://www.andesimaging.com/ http://www.iris-instruments.com/ DMT GmbH & Co. KG Mount Sopris Instrument Co., Inc. www.dmt-group.com www.mountsopris.com European Association of NAOC (National Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE) Ordnance Contractors) https://www.eage.org/ http://www.naoc.org/ Electromind Northwest Geophysics LLC https://electromind.eu/ http://www.nwgeophysics.com/ Environmental Equipment & Supply Pix4D Inc. http://www.envisupply.com/ www.pix4d.com Exploration Instruments LLC Pro-Seismic, LLC http://www.expins.com/ http://www.proseismic.com/ Foerster R.T. Clark Co. Inc. http://www.foerstergroup.com/en/usa/ https://rtclark.com/ Geodevice, LLC Sensors & Software https://geo-device.com/ https://www.sensoft.ca/ Geogiga Technology Corp. Society of Exploration www.geogiga.com Geophysicists (SEG) https://seg.org/ Geometrics www.geometrics.com The Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan (SEGJ) Geonics Limited [email protected] http://www.geonics.com/ Terraplus Inc. Geophysical Survey Systems, www.terraplus.ca Inc. (GSSI) www.geophysical.com University of Wyoming www.uwyo.edu/geolgeophys/ GeoScene3D Team @ I•GIS Vista Clara www.geoscene3d.com http://www.vista-clara.com Geosoft Inc. Zonge International, Inc. http://www.geosoft.com/ http://zonge.com/ GF Instruments 61 http://www.gfinstruments.cz/ GISCO http://www.giscogeo.com/Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORS & BOOTH LOCATION MAP 2018 SAGEEP EXHIBITORS LIST & BOOTH NUMBERS Aarhus GeoSoftware 22 GISCO 29 Advanced Geosciences, Inc 35 Andes Earth Imaging 21 Guideline Geo 30 DMT GmbH & Co. KG 24 Electromind 15 Hager Geoscience 10 Environmental Equipment & Supply 33 European Association of Geoscientists IDS GeoRadar 20 and Engineers (EAGE) 32 Exploration Instruments LLC 34 IRIS Instruments 1 Foerster Instruments, Inc. 8 GEM Systems Advanced Magnetometers 39 Mount Sopris Instrument Co., Inc. 25 Geodevice, LLC 37 Geogiga Technology Corp. 27 National Association of Ordnance Contractors 18 Geometrics, Inc. 14 Geonics, Limited 6 Northwest Geophysics 2 Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. 9SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION GeoScene3D by I•GIS 12 Pix4D Inc. 17 Geosoft 5 Geostuff 28 Pro-Seismic Services, LLC 16 GF Instruments 23 R.T. Clark Co., Inc. 36 Robertson Geologging (USA) Inc. 40 Sensors & Software 7 Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) 4 Society of Exploration Geophsycists of Japan (SEGJ) Table top Terraplus Inc. 3 University of Wyoming Table top Vista Clara 11 Zonge International, Inc. 13 EXHIBIT HALL – CUMBERLAND BALLROOM POSTER PRESENTATION FORMAT A key goal of this meeting is to enhance the status and visibility of their posters at the podium. Poster Speed Talks will be held of posters presented in the Nashville Ballroom Foyer in dedicated immediately after lunch on Monday March 26th, in the Capitol poster sessions. Be sure to attend the Poster Speed Talks II room. Posters will be on display all day, as well as during session that allows poster authors to briefly present the highlights designated viewing times in the Conference Schedule. 62 Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORS & MEETING FLOOR PLAN 2018 EEGS wishes to acknowledge and extend its gratitude to the following compa- nies and associations for exhibiting at SAGEEP 2018. It is through their support that we are able to keep the cost of attending SAGEEP affordable. We ask that you take a few moments and visit with each of the exhibitors listed below.EXHIBITION HALL SCHEDULESunday, March 25, 2018 Tuesday, March 27, 20185:30 – 7:30 pm Ice Breaker 10:00 am Exhibit Hall OpensMonday, March 26, 201810:00 am Exhibit Hall Opens 10:00 – 10:20 am Coffee Break10:00 – 10:20 am Coffee Break2:30 – 3:00 pm Coffee Break 2:30 – 3:00 pm Coffee Break5:00 pm Exhibit Hall Closes 4:00 pm Exhibit Hall Closes Wednesday, March 28, 2018 10:00 am Exhibit Hall Opens 10:00 – 10:20 am Coffee Break 2:30 – 3:00 pm Coffee Break 3:00 pm Exhibit Hall Closes EXHIBITORSAarhus GeoSoftware Advanced Geosciences, Inc. Andes Earth Imaging, LLCBooth # 22 Booth # 35 Booth #: 21Inge Lehmanns Gade 10, 06.14 2121 Geoscience Dr. 395 NW 109 Ave., Unit 201Aarhus C 8000 Austin, TX 78726 Miami, FL 33172Denmark USA USAPhone: +45 61656570 Phone: 512-335-3338 Phone: (888) 613-2784Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]: www.aarhusgeosoftware.dk Website: www.agiusa.com Website: www.andesimaging.comAarhus GeoSoftware is a leading provider Advanced Geosciences, manufacturer of Andes Earth Imaging sells ready-for-of software for processing and inversion the SuperSting Resistivity/IP/SP imaging deployment systems for DC resistivityof electromagnetic- and electrical data. system and EarthImager software. and seismic refraction surveying. OurWe have a common platform where data Real-time data QC and instrument devices have been developed by a superbhandling is integrated from raw data to programming with remote control by team of engineers, mathematiciansprocessing, inversion, QC of inversion App. Guided navigation App with and geophysicists. We strive to makeresults and visualization of inversion survey planner and GPS processing the world’s user-friendliest geophysicalmodels. for towed marine and land deployment equipment. Andes Earth Imaging LLC is (CRP). Projects typically focused on a subsidiary of Subsuelo3D SAS from Vol 23, 1 2018 geotechnical, groundwater, mineral, Colombia. environmental and similar industries. 63
EXHIBITORS DMT GmbH & Co. KG Environmental Equipment & Supply Exploration Instruments, LLC Booth # 24 Booth # 33 Booth # 34 Industry Engineering Division Am 491L Blue Eagle Avenue 2808 Longhorn Blvd. Suite 304 Technologiepark 1 Harrisburg, PA 17112 Austin, TX 78758 45307 Essen USA USA Germany Phone: 717-909-4609 Phone: 512-346-4042 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.dmt-group.com Website: www.envisupply.com Website: www.expins.com DMT GmbH & Co. KG: Provider of seismic Environmental Equipment Supply has Exploration Instruments is the best- data acquisition and seismic monitoring been in Geophysical Equipment Rental known geophysical equipment rental firm systems. SUMMIT X One combines an industry for over 25 years. We offer in North America specializing in near- extremely flexible field layout with excellent downhole geophysics including borehole surface applications and non-destructive data quality and easy handling of the cameras, ground penetrating equipment, testing. We maintain a diverse inventory lightweight units in the field. For further EM equipment, GPS and utility locating of 85+ different systems including information please refer to www.summit- equipment in addition to our line of seismic, radar, EM, gravity, magnetics, system.de. Environmental monitoring equipment resistivity, hydrologic, marine and which includes air quality, water quality borehole logging tools. Offices in Austin, instruments and water level loggers. Texas and Harrisburg, PA are ideally situated to service your projects world-EXHIBITORS Electromind European Association of Geoscientists wide. Booth #15 & Engineers (EAGE) 1 Rue del’indistrie Booth # 32 Foerster Instruments, Inc. Rodange L-6801 De Molen 42 Booth#: 8 Luxemburg Houton 3994 DB 140 Industry Drive Phone: +352 263053 13 The Netherlands Pittsburgh, PA 15275 Email: [email protected] Phone: +31 88 995 5055 USA Website: electromind.eu Email: [email protected] Phone: 412.788.8976 Website: www.eage.org Email: ibello.mario@foerstergroup. Electromind, respected world-wide as a com supplier of high quality geophysical logging EAGE is a professional association for Website: foerstergroup.com probes, acquisition systems and accessory geoscientists and engineers. It is an equipment, is represented in the Americas organization with a worldwide membership, FOERSTER’S new FEREX 4.034 by LIM Technology. Since becoming part of providing a global network of commercial is a fluxgate magnetometer based the LIM group beginning of 2017, our product and academic professionals and students. field computer that is designed for range has been extended to include several With more than 19,000 members from geophysical, military, and archeological new probes and electric logging winches. over 100 countries, the association is truly use. It can be used as a hand-held multi-disciplinary and international in form instrument, or used in an array with up and pursuits. EAGE operates two divisions: to four probes. It is available with data the Oil & Gas Geoscience Division and the analysis software designed to organize, Near Surface Geoscience Division. retain and evaluate mapped data. 64 Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORSGEM Systems Geometrics Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. EXHIBITORSBooth # 39 Booth # 14 (GSSI) Booth # 9135 Spy Court 2190 Fortune Dr. 40 Simon StreetMarkham Ontario L3R 5H6 San Jose, CA 95131 Nashua, NH 03060Canada USA USAPhone: 905-752-2202 Phone: 408-954-0522 Phone: 603-681-2025Email: [email protected] Fax: 408-954-0902 Fax: 603-386-6231Website: www.gemsystems.ca Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.geometrics.com Website: www.geophysical.comGEM Systems is a manufacturer of advancedmagnetometers, gradiometers and magnetic Geometrics manufactures, sells, GSSI is the world leader in thesensors for Earth Science, Geophysics and rents, and services magnetometers, development, manufacture, and saleother applications. With 35+ years in R&D, our seismographs, and electrical conductivity of GPR equipment. Our cutting edgetechnology and leadership is your key to success and resistivity systems for land, marine, products are used all over the worldin applications such as airborne / UAV mapping, and air investigations of the subsurface. to explore the subsurface of the earth.mineral exploration, archaeology, earthquake GSSI created the first commercial GPRprediction, volcanology, UXO and others. Geonics Limited system over 45 years ago and continues Booth # 6 to provide the widest range and highestGeodevice, LLC 1745 Meyerside Drive, Unit 8 quality systems available today.Booth # 37 Mississauga ON L5T IC6Gavanskava Str. 41-89 Canada GeoScene3D by I•GISSaint Petersburg 199406 Phone: 905-670-9580 Booth # 12Russia Email: [email protected] Voldbjergvej 14A, 1th floorPhone: +7 812.748.18.82 Website: www.geonics.com Risskov DK-8382 HinnerupEmail: [email protected] DenmarkWebsite: www.geo-device.com Geonics Limited is a world leader Phone: (+45) 31 70 40 17 in the design and manufacture of Email: [email protected] LLC designs, manufactures, supplies electromagnetic geophysical instruments, Website: www.geoscene3d.comequipment and software for geophysical (seismic, including Ground Conductivity Meters,electric, magnetic, radiometry) surveys. Besides Borehole Conductivity, Magnetic I•GIS is a specialized geoscience anddistributing its own unique products, the company Susceptibility and Natural Gamma GIS software and service provideris an authorized dealer of many leading Russian Probes, Metal Detectors, and the since 2002. Our main product suit is aand global geophysical companies. We offer field PROTEM and G-TEM Time Domain geodata management system consistingdemonstrations, trainings and educational courses Electromagnetic TDEM) System. Since of GeoScene3D and GeoCloud, forfor our clients as well. 1962, Geonics has earned a reputation constructing 3D geological models, and for producing reliable, cost-effective distributing these together with GIS andGeogiga Technology Corp. instruments for an increasingly diverse geoscience data using cloud basedBooth # 27 range of applications. services.Suite 1600; 396 – 11 Avenue SWCalgary AB T2R 065CanadaPhone: 1-403-451-4886Email: [email protected]: www.geogiga.comAs a leading worldwide software provider, Geogiga 65is dedicated to producing simple and powerfulsoftware packages for Reflection, Refraction,Surface Waves and Borehole Seismic in near-surface geophysics. This show will highlight thelatest release of Geogiga Seismic Pro. Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORS Geosoft, Inc. GF Instruments Guideline Geo Booth # 5 Booth # 23 (DBA Mala Geoscience USA, Inc.) 810-207 Queens Quay West Purkynova 144 Booth # 30 Toronto ON M5J 1A7 Bmo 61200 465 Deanna Lane Canada Czech Republic Charleston, SC 29492 Phone: +(416) 369-0111 Phone: +420 549 522 919, 916 USA Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: Phone: 843-852-5021 Website: www.geosoft.com www.gfinstruments.cz Fax: 843-284-0684 Email: [email protected] Geosoft provides industry-standard GF Instruments develops, manufactures, Website: www.americas.guidelinegeo.com software and custom solutions to sells and rents geophysical instruments of integrate, visualize and analyze all these main groups: Through our world leading brands of of your near surface geophysical, - systems for 2D/3D/4D resistivity and IP geophysical equipment, ABEM and MALÅ, geological, and geochemical data. tomography (ARES, ARES II) and for deep we offer best-in-class integrated end-to-end Contractors, consultants, government, VES (GEPS-2000), solutions to challenges worldwide. With a and industry use Geosoft’s software - electromagnetic conductivity meters CMD truly global footprint we draw on extensive to map and analyze airborne, ground for single- or multi-depth surveys from 0.25 experience since 1923 of innovative, field- and marine survey data for a variety to 60 m, tested and trusted solutions including: TEM, of projects such as geotechnical, - gamma-ray spectrometers for walking, GPR, Resistivity, and Seismics. environmental site investigations, car-borne and borehole surveys (new archaeological and unexploded ordnance model Gamma Surveyor Vario), Hager Geoscience (UXO) detection. - magnetic susceptibility meters for single- Booth # 10 or multi-depth field surveys (Multi Kappa, 506 Main St. Geostuff Multi Kappa 3L). Woburn, MA 01801 Booth # 28 Sale and rental offers are supported with USA 1579 Lupine Lane online consulting and immediate instrument Phone: 781-935-8111 Lincoln, CA 95648 service. Fax: 781-925-2717 USA E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 916-258-1090 GISCO Website: www.hagergeoscience.com Email: [email protected] Booth # 29 Website: www.Geostuff.com 6323 Cambridge St. HGI has been providing high quality Minneapolis, MN 55416 consulting services in geophysics and GEOSTUFF manufactures essential USA geology for engineering and environmental seismic accessories including the Phone: 952-929-8000 projects throughout the United States and AnySeisTM cableless exploration Email: [email protected] abroad since 1993. We aim to use surface seismograph, wall-lock borehole Website: www.giscogeo.com and/or borehole methods – including GPR, geophones, land streamers, and seismic, resistivity, EM - that best meet our rollalong switches. Our products are GISCO specializes in professional grade clients’ needs. used worldwide for collecting refraction, instruments for civil engineering, and oil, reflection and MASW data along with mineral and ground water exploration. Of near surface particular importance are our Electrical shot-hole logging, static corrections, and Seismic Sources, Radio Trigger Links and engineering site response. Trigger Switches. Our exports of earth science equipment supplies have reached more than seventy countries. 66 Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORSIDS GeoRadar Mount Sopris Instrument Co., Inc. Northwest Geophysics, LLCBooth # 20 Booth # 25 Booth # 214828 West 6th Avenue 4975 E. 41st Ave. 4920 E. 23rd AvenueUnit 12-B Denver, CO 80216 Indianapolis, IN 46218Golden Colorado 80401 USA USAUSA Phone: 303-279-3211 Phone: 425-306-0174Phone: 720-512-0843 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]: Dan.Broekhove@IDSGeoradar. Website: www.mountsopris.com Website: www.terramar.xyzcomWebsite: www.idsgeoradar.com Mount Sopris has exciting news for Northwest Geophysics and Terramar SAGEEP 2018 as we release two Instruments have opened a new locationOur products can be used in a variety innovative products. Visit our booth to in Indianapolis in order to provide lower learn more about the new QL40-SIP prices and more responsive service to ourof applications from Utility Locating (Spectral Induced Polarization) and customers. We will continue to supply QL40-nGEN (Neutron Generator), and the geophysical, borehole logging, and non-and Mapping to Civil Engineering and amazing 19GR – Nano Gamma tool, the destructive testing equipment for rent and for smallest high resolution natural gamma sale from both locations.Slope Monitoring. A world leader in logging sonde in the world!Multi-Frequency, Multi-Channel GroundPenetrating Radar systems, and a pioneerof Interferometric Technology applied toCivil and Earth applications.IRIS Instruments National Association of Ordnance Pix4D Inc. EXHIBITORSBooth # 1 Contractors (NAOC) Booth # 171, Avenue Buffon - BP 6007 Booth # 18 353 Sacramento Street, Ste. 180145060 ORLEANS cedex 02 P.O. Box 7325 San Francisco, CA 94111France Charlottesville, VA 22906 USAPhone: + 33 2 38 63 81 00 USA Phone: 415.755.0503Fax: + 33 2 38 63 81 82 Phone: Email: [email protected]: [email protected], Email: [email protected] Website: www.pix4d.comWebsite: www.iris-instruments.com Website: www.naoc.org Pix4D makes scalable software solutions forIRIS INSTRUMENTS provides a wide The National Association of Ordnance professional mapping, from images taken byrange of geophysical instruments for Contractors (NAOC) is the industry trade hand, drone, or plane – creating customizableenvironmental, groundwater, geotechnical association representing businesses results that complement a wide range ofand mining applications: Resistivitymeters performing military munitions response applications and software. Pix4D solutionsfor 1D sounding and 2D/3D imaging services. Established in 1995 as a non- are tailored to any industry on mobile,(SYSCAL, SYSCAL Pro type) profit organization, NAOC’s objective desktop and cloud platforms, producing is to act as a unified voice representing precise and georeferenced maps and 3D the issues facing our industry. Our models. membership includes companies that provide UXO services, geophysical Pro-Seismic Services, LLC services, detection equipment, analytical Booth # 16 laboratories, regulatory support and related 5291 Langfield Rd. environmental/engineering services. Houston, TX 77040 USA Phone: 713-263-0272 Email: [email protected] Website: www.proseismic.com Pro-seismic Services, LLC manufactures a variety of multi conductor seismic and custom cables.Vol 23, 1 2018 67
EXHIBITORS Robertson Geologging (USA) Inc. Sensors & Software, Inc. The Society of Exploration Booth # 40 Booth # 7 Geophysicists of Japan (SEGJ) 1809 N. Helm Ave., Suite 4 1040 Stacey Court Mississauga ON L4W Table Top Area/Exhibit Hall Fresno, CA 93727 2X8 2F MK5 Bldg. USA Canada 1-5-6 Higashikanda Phone: 559.456.1711 Phone: 905-624-8909 Chiyoda-ku Tokyo, 101-0031 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Japan Website: www.geologging.com Website: www.sensoft.ca Phone: +81-3-6804-7500 Email: [email protected] Robertson Geologging (RG) provides Sensors & Software manufactures slim-hole borehole logging equipment and ground penetrating radar (GPR) products. SEGJ is celebrating its 70th anniversary services for geotechnical investigations, Understanding what lies beneath the in 2018 and holding the 13th International water and environmental studies, coal, surface of materials like soil, pavement Symposium (12-14 November 2018, mineral exploration, unconventional and concrete helps solve many problems. Tokyo; http://www.segj.org/is/13th/). The resources and oil & gas programs Our years of experience, world-leading theme of the symposium encompasses worldwide. RG has also undertaken a wide products and responsive service enable the role of applied geophysics in the range of contract logging projects for the delivery of effective solutions. sustainable development of human nuclear, environmental, civil engineering, societies. The deadline for abstract water and mining industries, both onshore submission is 30 March 2018. We and offshore. encourage your contribution.EXHIBITORS R.T. Clark Co., Inc. Society of Exploration Geophysicists Terraplus, Inc. Booth # 36 (SEG) Booth # 3 P.O. Box 20957 Booth # 4 52 West Beaver Creek Rd., Unit # 12 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73156 8801 S. Yale Ave. Suite 500 Richmond Hill, Ontario L4B 1L9 USA Tulsa, OK 74137 Canada Phone: 405-751-9696 USA Phone: 905-764-5505 Fax: 405-751-6711 Phone 918-497-5589 Fax: 905-764-8093 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.rtclark.com Website: www.seg.org Website: www.terraplus.ca Serving the Geophysical/Geotechnical Embracing a mission of connecting the Terraplus provides rental and sales for a industry for OVER 30 YEARS. Sales/ world of applied geophysics, the Society of wide range of geophysical instruments Brokerage of NEW and USED/2nd Hand Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) is a not- and software, including Magnetometers Equipment. Providing Seismographs, for-profit organization supporting 27,000 (UA V & Ground Potassium, Overhauser, Geophones, Cables, Ground Penetrating members from 128 countries. Founded in Proton), VLF, 2D/3D Resistivity/IP Radar, Magnetometers, Gravity Meters, 1930, SEG provides information, tools, and Systems, Magnetic Susceptibility and EM, IP, Resistivity Meters and MORE. resources vital to, Advancing the science Conductivity Meters for soil investigations, Manufacturer of LAND ENERGY of exploration geophysics, Fostering Borehole Systems including Televiewers, SOURCES common scientific interests, Supporting Radiometries, GPR, EM Systems, – PEG-40 Propelled Energy Generator, humanitarian efforts, and Accelerating Seismographs, and more. For more Ballard Borehole Source. Distributor geophysical innovation. Visit www.seg.org. information, visit: www.terraplus.ca. of Single Geophones, Connectors, Hydrophones, Cables and More. 68 Vol 23, 1 2018
EXHIBITORS & INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICESVista Clara Zonge International, Inc. University of WyomingBooth # 11 Booth # 13 Table Top Display/Exhibit Hall12201 Cyrus Way; Ste. 204 3322 E. Fort Lowell Road Tucson, Dept. of Geology and GeophysicsMukilteo, WA 98275 AZ 85716 1000 E. University Ave., Dept. 3006,USA USA Room 1008 ESBPhone: 425-493-8122 Phone: 520-327-5501 Laramie, WY 82071Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Phone: +1 307 761 3884 (mobile)Website: www.vista-clara.com Website: www.zonge.com Email: [email protected] Website: www.uwyo.edu/geolgeophys/Vista Clara offers the widest and most For 45 years, Zonge has been faculty/carr.htmlsophisticated selection of magnetic manufacturing and selling a full line ofresonance geophysical instruments for state-of-the-art equipment for electrical The University of Wyoming Near-Surfacegroundwater investigations. Our surface and electromagnetic geophysics, as well Geophysics program consists of twoGMR system and downhole Javelin as providing contract field services. Our principal faculty, Dr. Andrew Parsekianand Dark tools deliver cost-effective equipment line includes transmitters, and Dr. Bradley Carr, as well as fieldsolutions in the water resources, mining, receivers, magnetometers, and sensors. (Blair-Wallis and Snowy Range criticalenvironmental, and geotechnical markets, Services include resistivity, AMT, IP, field zone study sites), geophysicaland are available for purchase or rental. CSAMT, TEM, seismic, gravity, and equipment (surface, borehole and marine specialized research projects. w/ a $2.6M inventory) within the UW Near-Surface Geophysics Instrument Center – UWNSG, and material properties EXHIBITORS laboratory facilities for the research of environmental and engineering concerns. We are always looking to recruit new talented students to work on projects ranging from the Artic to Yellowstone. Additionally, the UWNSG field equipment is available for rent by other academic institutions for instructional and resea.Vol 23, 1 2018 69
OUTDOOR DEMONSTRATIONS EXHIBITORS EQUIPMENT OUTDOOR DEMONSTRATIONS Tuesday, March 27th 5:00 – 6:30 pm Exhibitors participating in the Outdoor Demonstrations at The Hermitage are listed below. Roundtrip bus transportation provided from the host hotel. You can also consult your SAGEEP 2018 mobile app for a map to the Outdoor Demo location. Advanced Geosciences, Inc. (AGI) Advanced Geosciences, manufacturer of the SuperSting Resistivity/ IP /SP imaging system and Earthlmager software. Real-time data QC and instrument programming with remote control by App. Guided navigation App with survey planner and GPS processing for towed marine and land deployment (CRP). Projects typically focused on geotechnical, groundwater. mineral, environmental and similar industries.OUTDOOR DEMONSTRATIONS GSSI GSSI, the world leader in GPR, will provide demonstrations of our newest compact UtilityScan featuring a 350 MHz antenna with our patented HyperStacking technology, ideal for shallow subsurface investigations. Guideline Geo Americas (with the brands Malå and ABEM) Join us in a field demonstration of our GPR and TEM technologies. The Malå real-time sampling technology offers higher data resolution and significantly better depth of penetration compared to traditional GPR technology. We will also show our world-leading TEM technology with built in inversion software – the ABEM WalkTEM with its typical applications - groundwater and salinity studies, mineral exploration, geotechnical and environmental investigations Geonics Limited Outdoor Demonstrations Location: The Hermitage, 4580 Rachel’s Lane; The new EM61-LX2 Metal Detector is an affordable option for advanced Nashville, TN 37076 detection of unexploded ordnance, including submunitions, in SAGEEP Conference Evening Event challenging environments. New features include user-adjustable real- Location: The Hermitage, Cabin by the Spring time alarm settings, rejection of magnetic soil response and options to hand-carry with two- or one-meter swath. Sensors & Software Sensors & Software manufactures ground penetrating radar (GPR) products. Understanding what lies beneath the surface of materials like soil, pavement and concrete helps solve many problems. Our years of experience, world-leading products and responsive service enable delivery of effective solutions. Forester Instruments, Inc. FOERSTER’S new FEREX 4.034 is a fluxgate magnetometer based field computer that is designed for geophysical, military, and archaeological use. It can be used as a hand-held instrument, or used in an array with up to four probes. It is available with data analysis software designed to organize, retain and evaluate mapped data. 70 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONGEOSTUFF - ANYSEIS Vol 23, 1 2018 71
GEOSTUFF THE STORY OF GEOSTUFFSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Doug Crice and now, distributed systems where the data is digitized at the geophone and sent up in a simple wire instead of those cables with 48 or 96 pairs of wires. It was 1990. Near-surface seismic surveys were in a state of change. Pioneering geophysicists from the Canadian In the meantime, Geostuff developed a pair of wall-lock borehole geophones. Geological Survey and the University of Kansas and others had In this case, the desire was to eliminate the troublesome and depth-limited, air- developed methods to conduct shallow reflection surveys, pretty filled bladder clamp mechanism. Geostuff’s wall lock geophones have been very much unknown a decade earlier. Simultaneously, equipment successful just because they work well. Different versions are available which manufacturers like Geometrics and Bison had exploited newer orient the geophones to the azimuth of your choice. technology to produce instruments that were capable, affordable and portable enough to collect the data. It wasn't long before In early 2000, a number of geophysicists figured out that you could collect the industry needed a rollalong switch to collect continuous CMP seismic data by dragging the geophones along instead of sticking them on surveys. spikes in the ground. The efficiency is obvious. The data isn’t as good of course, but is often perfectly adequate, especially for MASW which deals in low Petroleum industry geophysicists had been using rollalong frequencies. switches for years, but had transitioned to distributed systems which did not use them. There were many such units available Most of these systems, called “land streamers” after the marine equivalent, surplus, but they were very tired and typically the size of an office were hand built by the users. Once again, Geostuff took the opportunity to build refrigerator. The industry needed a rollalong switch scaled to something the industry needed in small quantities. Learning from the early the rest of the system. At the time, there were only a handful of adopters, we built a system with a webbing that didn’t stretch (and thus quickly geophysicists working in shallow reflection, and the market clearly settled after moving) and a base plate that remains stable on a gravel surface. wasn’t large enough to interest a “real” company like Geometrics where I was Vice President of Marketing. I said to myself “I can build a rollalong switch”. At that time, I was in the business of telling other people what to build, and hadn’t actually built a seismic instrument in over 10 years, but I still knew how to solder and lay out a circuit board. I went home and built a small rollalong switch in my spare bedroom, expecting to sell maybe a half-a-dozen per year—a business way too small for Geometrics. Geostuff 24-channel Rollalong Switch Geostuff Land Streamer with AnySeis™ Cableless Seismic System At that point, this small company needed a name. All the good names with geo Geostuff’s latest product is the AnySeis™ Cableless Seismic System which in them we taken years ago, but nobody had used “Geostuff” a suitable name for eliminates those bulky, expensive multi-conductor seismic cables (see ad in this an unserious company. issue of FastTimes). You can see all these products in the Geostuff booth at the 2018 SAGEEP or on our web site www.geostuff.com. The business was pretty successful for its scale; we ended up selling two dozen units a year for about 15 years. The demand for rollalong switches has finally gone away, with the industry going toward systems with multiple seismographs 72 Vol 23, 1 2018
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITIONGEONICS Vol 23, 1 2018 73
SAGEEP 2018 – SHORT COURSE PROGRAM EEGS with the cooperation of the Course Presenters has SC-5: UNDERSTANDING “WHY” AND “HOW” TO USE assembled a Short Course program of seven courses: four on TDEM METHODS FOR Sunday March 25th and three on Thursday March 29th. We NEAR-SURFACE APPLICATIONS encourage you to consider updating your knowledge by attending NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON B one or more of the courses as part of your SAGEEP 2018 Conference experience. The seven courses (SC-1 to SC-7) are Course Provider: Geonics Limited listed below and described in more detail in the following eight pages. The courses offered at SAGEEP 2018 are: - SC-1: PASSIVE SURFACE WAVE METHODS: THEORY Instructor: Rob Harris, Geonics Limited AND PRACTICENASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON A Date: Thursday, March 29th, 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Course Provider: Geogiga Technology Corp.SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM Instructors: Don Zhao, Geogiga Technology Corp.; Antony J. SC-6: LAND AND MARINE RESISTIVITY/IP/SP IMAGING Martin, GEOVision, Inc.; Mike NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON C Ostrzenski, Geogiga Technology Corp. Course Provider: Advanced Geosciences, Inc. Date: Sunday, March 25th, 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Instructor: Jason Greenwood, Advanced Geosciences, Inc Date: Thursday, March 29th, 2018 SC-2: GPR PRINCIPLES, PRACTICE & PROCESSING Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON B Course Provider: Sensors & Software. SC-7: SATELLITE INSAR DATA: RESERVOIR MONITORING FROM SPACE Instructor: Nectaria Diamanti Course Provider: EAGE (by TRE ALTAMiRA) Date: Sunday, March 25th, 2018 Time: 8:00 am to 5:00 pm Instructor: Alessandro Foretti Ph.D., Tele-Rilevamento Europa (TRE ALTAMiRA, Inc) SC-4: FROM AEM DATA TO 3D HYDROGEOLOGICAL Date: Sunday, March 25th, 2018 CONCEPTUAL MODEL Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON A Course Provider: I*GIS SC-8: WORKING WITH UX-Analyze CAPITOL I Instructors: Tom Martlev Pallesen, MSc, Chief Geologist, and Mats Course Provider: Geosoft Inc, and Acorn Science and Lundh Gulbrandsen, Ph.D., R&D Consultant Geophysicist, I*GIS A/S Innovation Date: Thursday, March 29th , 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Instructor: Tom Furuya, Acorn SI and Darren Mortimer, Geosoft inc Date: Thursday, March 29 – Friday, March 30, 2018 Time: 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. 74 Vol 23, 1 2018
SC-1: PASSIVE SURFACE WAVE METHODS: THEORY AND PRACTICE - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON A Course Provider: Geogiga Technology Corp. SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 8:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.M.Instructors: Don Zhao, Geogiga Technology Corp.; Antony J. Martin, GEOVision, Inc.; Mike Ostrzenski, Geogiga Technology Corp. Date: Sunday, March 25, 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.We invite all with an interest in surface wave methodsto attend this short course.Attendees will need to bring a Windows-based laptop Frequencyto run surface wave modeling and data processingsoftware included in GEOGIGA Seismic ProTM. Allattendees will receive a FREE copy of Surface RT —passive surface wave real-time monitoring software($290 value!).This short course will explain the most important (a) 30 seconds (b) 3 minutes (c) 10 minutesconcepts of passive surface wave methods. Emphasiswill be placed on different analysis methods and acomprehensive comparison, factors influencing thedepth of investigation, and the combination of active andpassive surface wave data.Attendees will learn some topics that may have never Passive surface wave real-time monitoringbeen discussed in other short courses of surface wavemethods. Major topics include: • Observations and case studies: applications of passive surface wave techniques and how they complement active surface waves• Signal processing fundamentals for surface wave methods: Fouriertransform, frequency and phase analysis • Special applications: reflection and transmission of surface waves• How and why surface wave methods work: theories and principles • Data acquisition: survey design by modeling, the choice between 1D and 2D array, and real-time quality control• Comparison of different passive surface wave methods: from synthetic tofield data • Data processing: active and passive surface wave data, and combination of both Dispersion curve (Active: red line, Passive: blue line) Combination of active and passive surface wave data 75For more information, please contact the short course instructors Don Zhao ([email protected]), and Antony J. Martin ([email protected]). Vol 23, 1 2018
SC-2: GPR PRINCIPLES, PRACTICE & PROCESSING - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON B Course Provider: Sensors & Software. Instructor: Nectaria Diamanti Date: Sunday, March 25, 2018 Time: 8:00 am to 5:00 pmSAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 8:30 A.M. - 5:00 P.M. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a non-invasive subsurface exploration No prerequisites are required to attend this course. Lunch is provided technology that uses radio waves to image the subsurface, up to 100 meters in during the field session and snacks in the morning and afternoon. Students favorable conditions, to detect buried objects and boundaries. For more than 30 will receive printed course notes and a memory stick with a PDF copy of years, it has found widespread use in geology for mapping geological structure a GPR textbook written by Dr. Peter Annan, the CEO and co-founder of and stratigraphy as well as groundwater and mineral exploration. It is also Sensors & Software. Students need to come prepared to work for 3 hours commonly used for geotechnical surveys, environmental surveys, mine safety, outside and, if interested, bring a fully charged PC-based laptop for the forensics, archaeology, utility location, concrete inspection, snow thickness data processing portion of the course. The laptop should have Google Earth measurements and glaciology. Until recently, GPR systems were complicated installed. to use and required extensive training for proficiency. Newer systems have simpler designs and user interfaces that allow users from many diverse scientific After the course, everyone will receive a certificate of attendance, which may be communities to adopt the technology for their particular problems and challenges. used towards Professional Development Hours. For those interested in using the GPR software to practice with the data collected during the course, trial This one-day course will introduce the principles of GPR and GPR passwords are available. instrumentation, discuss survey design, provide hands-on data acquisition with a GPR system and explore data interpretation (including common pitfalls), data The course instructor has many years’ experience in GPR. processing and data visualization. Course Instructor: Nectaria Diamanti works for Sensors & Software Inc. in The morning starts with basic GPR theory, instrumentation and survey design in Canada. She received her B.Sc. in Geology and M.Sc. in Geophysics both the classroom (Figure 1). In the late morning, the class will be transported 8 miles from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. She then obtained her to The Hermitage, the estate of Andrew Jackson, the 7th president (Figure 2) and Ph.D. in Engineering & Electronics from The University of Edinburgh, U.K. collect some data including cross-sections integrated with GPS and a grid survey Her research activities involve the application of geophysical techniques to (Figure 3). Afterward, we will return to the classroom, install GPR data processing geophysical/engineering problems. Her main area of research is numerical software on the student’s PCs and transfer the data from the GPR system to modelling of GPR data using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) everyone’s computers. technique. Students will learn about plotting GPR data as cross-sections and 2D depth slices. Course Equipment: Sensors & Software is a manufacturer of high quality At the same time we will discuss principles of interpreting GPR data and how to GPR systems such as the pulseEKKO, Noggin and Conquest. The present GPR data effectively for scientific papers and reports. GPS integration company’s founders have continuously pioneered Ground Penetrating Radar and displaying the data in Google Earth (Figure 4) is a goal for the class. It’s a (GPR) innovation for more than 40 years and have played leadership roles busy day, so if there is time, case studies are presented to expose students to in shaping the GPR field. Anticipating our customers’ needs and delivering GPR data from other application areas. practical, innovative, and cost-effective solutions defines Sensors & Software. Figure 1: GPR theory in the morning. Figure 3: GPR data collection from late morning to early afternoon. Figure 4: GPR data processing and visualization on Google Earth in the late afternoon. Figure 2: The field session location in Nashville. 76 Vol 23, 1 2018
SC-4: FROM AEM DATA TO 3D HYDROGEOLOGICALCONCEPTUAL MODEL – NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON A Course Provider: I*GIS Instructors: Tom Martlev Pallesen, MSc, Chief Geologist, and Mats Lundh Gulbrandsen, Ph.D., R&D Consultant Geophysicist, I*GIS A/S Date: Sunday, March 25, 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.Groundwater mapping and hydrogeological conceptual modelling, using AEM course participant you’ll be able to build an 3D hydrostratigraphical model and SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 8:30 A.M. - 4:30 P.M.data is a “hot topic”. The GeoScene3D Team at IGIS is a part of the Danish extract data (isopach maps and layer surfaces) from the model.suite of technical solution providers in this area, and has a deep expertise andexperience. The GeoScene3D Team will provide course participants with a 3-month full license for GeoScene3D. The participants are required to bring their own laptopsOften geologists are faced with a huge amount of AEM data and a little amount (no MacBook’s) with a reasonable graphics card. See more on https://www.of time to make a geological model based on these data and borehole data geoscene3d.com.too. A semi-automatically interpretation method called Smart Interpretation (SI)has been developed in GeoScene3D. Here the geologists train an algorithm inGeoScene3D to predict layer boundaries in AEM data. The prediction is basedon geostatistics, can be based on borehole data or other data types, and canbe done on a cross section based approach, where local interpretations areextrapolated globally into a big survey.In this course we will dive into the process of building a 3D conceptual modelfrom scratch using AEM and other data types. This “hands-on” course goesthrough the practicalities in modelling using the GeoScene3D software. Wewill dive into how you get the most of your AEM data. We will look at traditionalmanual modelling techniques as well as Machine Learning tools for inspectingAEM data and doing the modelling.This includes the GeoScene3D clustering tools (SI) for AEM data, used tolocate features in data not directly observable by the eye, and machine assistedmodelling tools using Smart Interpretation. The course will be a combination ofshort lectures and exercises, and at the end of the day you’ll have gone throughthe full process of creating a new project, loading all your data, inspecting andvisualizing data in 3D, on cross-sections and in GIS maps and with your fellowVol 23, 1 2018 77
SC-5: UNDERSTANDING “WHY” AND “HOW” TO USE TDEM METHODS FOR NEAR-SURFACE APPLICATIONS - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON B Course Provider: Geonics Instructor: Rob Harris, Geonics Date: Thursday, March 29 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 8:30 AM-4:30 P.M. Register now for the SAGEEP Short Course: Understanding Why and How to much information to the picture of the earth below five metres, filling in the space Use TDEM Methods for Near-Surface Applications between a Ground Conductivity Meter survey and large-loop TDEM soundings; this small-scale, dynamic system, moving quickly from point to point, measures With an emphasis on practical considerations, this course will provide a basic both vertical changes in conductivity and lateral changes in horizontal layers to introduction to the time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) method. Several near- depths of 20 – 40 metres. surface applications will be discussed including the detection of water infiltration in levees and the mapping of voids and sinkholes and depth-to-bedrock. Course Presenter: Rob Harris, Geonics Limited Examples demonstrating the use of Geonics’ G-TEM time domain system in a novel “moving” configuration will be included. The G-TEM system can add Level of Comprehension: Beginner For costs please refer to Conference Registration Form on Page 19 78 Vol 23, 1 2018
SC-6: LAND AND MARINE RESISTIVITY/IP/SP IMAGING - NASHVILLE BALLROOM SALON C Course Provider: Advanced Geosciences, Inc.Instructor: Jason Greenwood, Advanced Geosciences, Inc Date: Thursday, March 29, 2018 Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.Course Description: This course is designed for professionals who are involved and time lapse studies. In addition to these topics, the latest developments in AGI SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 8:30 A.M. - 4:30 P.M.with or are considering resistivity, IP or SP methods. The course will review survey design and modeling software and equipment will be demonstrated.theory, data acquisition methods, field procedures, quality controls, modelingmethods, data presentation and interpretation and ground truth for a multitude of Biographical Summary: Jason Greenwood, Senior Geophysicist at Advancedfield environments on land and in marine settings. Data will be processed with Geosciences, Inc. will bring 19 years of experience at AGI, the US GeologicalEarthImager™ software with 1D, 2D, 3D & 4D data sets requiring data filtering, Survey, the DOE National Lab system and a consulting firm with both domesticforward and inverse modeling, 2D and 3D survey design. Case histories will and internationally projects focused on static and streaming marine esistivity/include numerous geotechnical, environmental and ground water examples as IP methods, shallow environmental and geotechnical surveys, deep imagingwell as towed marine, mixed land and underwater surveys, cross borehole surveys land surveys, laboratory and field scale petrophysical studies and 3D time lapse resistivity and IP for remediation monitoring.Vol 23, 1 2018 79
SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 8:30 A.M. - 4:30 P.M. SC-7: SATELLITE INSAR DATA: RESERVOIR MONITORING FROM SPACE – MEMPHIS ROOM 9 25 MARCH 2018 I NASHVILLE, UNITED STATES EET 9 - Satellite InSAR Data: Reservoir Monitoring from Space Register now for the EAGE Education Tour 9 (EET 9) “Satellite InSAR Data: Reservoir Monitoring from Space” by Alessandro Ferretti on the 25th of March 2018. This one-day course will be held on the first day of the 31st SAGEEP 2018 and will take place at the Hotel Nashville Airport Marriott, Nashville, Tennessee, United States. About EET 9 Instead of providing a thorough analysis of InSAR algorithms, the main aim of the course is to diffuse the news about the potential The EET 9 course provides a step-by-step introduction to satellite impact of InSAR results on many real-life applications, highlighting radar sensors, SAR imagery, SAR interferometry and advanced where and when they can provide effective solutions. Participants InSAR techniques. Rather than a tutorial for remote sensing will learn that InSAR is not only an information source for research specialists, the course starts from very basic concepts and explains and development activities, but also a reliable tool that can be in plain language the most important ideas related to SAR data applied successfully to many different applications, spanning from processing and why geoscientists and engineers should take a sinkhole detection to reservoir optimization. ... READ MORE vested interest in this new information source. 80 Vol 23, 1 2018
SC-7: SATELLITE INSAR DATA: RESERVOIR MONITORING FROM SPACE – MEMPHIS ROOM SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 8:30 A.M. - 4:30 P.M.Vol 23, 1 2018 81
GEOSOFTSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Detection and Classification of UXO When conducting unexploded ordnance (UXO) investigations, data quality and targeting accuracy are key to effective surveying and remediation of UXO sites. Using Geosoft’s advanced geophysical analysis and subsurface mapping software, UXO detection and analysis is less expensive, more accurate and safer for field workers dealing with sensitive materials. We help to solve these UXO project challenges: • Efficient processing, analysis and quality control of large volumes of geophysical survey data. • Lifecycle management of UXO projects, including geophysical data processing and quality control, environmental site characterization, and UXO detection and classification. • Analysis and visualization of all types of terrestrial and marine geoscience data for UXO, cables and pipelines, and other environmental applications. Learn more at: www.geosoft.com/unexploded-ordnance 82 UXO_7.5x10in_2-page-ad_Jan30-18-a.indd 1 Vol 23, 12018-01-30 1:29 PM 2018
SC-8: WORKING WITH UX-ANALYZE CAPITOL ISAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE SAGEEP 2018 SHORT COURSE PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH – FRIDAY, MARCH 30TH, 2018, 9:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.M.Course Provider: Geosoft Inc. and Acorn Science and InnovationWorkIinnstgruwctoirt:hToUmXFu-Aruynaa, AlycozrneSI and Darren Mortimer, Geosoft Inc.Date: Thursday, March 29 – Friday, March 30, 2018Course Provider: Geosoft Inc. andTAimcoren:S9c:i0en0cea.amnd. I-nn5o:v0a0tiopn.m.Instructors: Tom Furuya, Acorn SI and Darren Mortimer, Geosoft Inc.CUoXuOrsLeanDDTdeiaesmxcttereei:pn:tsTi9ioohnnau:smTrwshhid–soacw5yoisu,phrMsmteoaimsrcfoohdree2l,x9apne–arileyFnzcereidadnaudysce,lraMssosaiffryGcpehootse3on0ftti’,asl2018 into a complete workflow with easy to use tools for automated, day-to-day processing while also allowing manual access to individual functions whenqssiMfunooeunernlpaeutisaalxmtiotiprloyMptrlnnoobadedryfpaCPacTrtoeisptnlmnrdahahoaegd.ideiorrps,usaPatr2psitdwrenacaxrcnissrei2fvittoappyhpieoacdnruaaofiAacplprDurcsenictanosaetoaanetg(.setrsUntt,nseUssidXimninnwXcSwasOgog-rtcriiAdl,id)iflliaelomnepGtgpnalgalrallotcroieluniigaydenetoogzesnei&xneh,tlnmeaslaipcnpIn:xhlnuneaegrddsnpoasrtisaorvsnlrien-oniveiigdofpcaddydnenoatsissintercdoeatg-savMnedxrog,a.padceUnneeIonontcrdXtmurieceaead-elsdpAndaxlnvrMecdsnepeaaesialrhtleeaiuislnfoeuyciarpcnznsctitoraeiesiponenttfioimnvgageoeG(ldcnarlkGUoo,sgeeew2ecodnyXouosxfeeuttmmOwvots2ysiecoeoeao)illtdunnrosrfetitptagctia'noesstgrdakgU.eeXytsOtoToCcUrueoenoXoLqncsurOuhltaeirsrnnitaqrepnoecugsfrltdodeooyojs.grearosteycfdfitaoxCtmshvnrteefdaeaorptuUrrinnofettinhhcsgcrioaetutieertoiliiUdanzodnteSnSogdsrePtG,saurltowpwoesevegsorcehrrerDsartkonrmpieinmnopagwc(meaElrufnroiiStdstnmar.TinhtggeChgne,nPttUoU)meoSafStmnDiogcDdoedoevfGseeepdeneralneoslrnimtesnlmo’,ssegfenoatE,n,trnUntecvoXamdilfr-aloapDAynlsneotzmasafyeeele.iynfenzsyasteea,innliU(sSDdgXaeoOvcDau)irlaiotybnle UX-Analyze is approved for the requirements of the Department of Defense (DoD)select target signatures of interest, model the data and classify the resultsfrom static (cued) or dynamic surveys. These capabilities are incorporated Advanced Geophysical Classification Accreditation Program (DAGCAP).UX-Analyze provides a comprehensive software solution for data processing, modelling and targetclassification, developed in partnership with Acorn Science & Innovation. In addition to documentingquality by means of standard plotLseaarndmorerepaotr:twsw, wU.gXe-oAsnofat.lcyozme/uaxl-laonwalsyzyeou to select target signatures ofinterest, model the data and classify the results from static (cued) or dynamic surveys. These capabilitiesare incorporated into a complete workflow with easy to use tools for automated, day-to-day processingwhile also allowing manual access to individual functions when required.Courtesy of the United States Department of Defense’s Environmental Security Technology CertificationProgram (ESTCP) and Geosoft, UX-Analyze is available on request for authorized users including USgovernment employees, UXO contractors and regulators working for the US Department of Defense(DoD) on UXO projects for the US Government.UX-Analyze is approved for the requirements of the Department of Defense (DoD) AdvancedGeophysical Classification Accreditation Program (DAGCAP). Learn more at: www.geosoft.com/ux-analyzeVol 23, 1 2018 83
SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION GEOSOFT84 Vol 23, 1 2018
FIELD TRIP TO KARST COUNTRY - MAMMOTH CAVE & CORVETTE MUSEUM MAMMOTH CAVE/ CORVETTE MUSEUM FIELD TRIP SAGEEP 2018Credit: NPS Photo Mammoth Dome, inside Mammoth Cave along the Historic tour SAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - SUNADY, MARCH 25TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M.route, taken from the Mammoth Dome tower (during the WKYU-PBS MammothCave: A Way to Wonder shootWhat: Refreshments/food:SAGEEP 2018 Field Trip, Engineering and Environmental Problems of the Breakfast is on your own, A family style lunch at Esters Farm Café and CateringMammoth Cave Region, Kentucky is included in the cost of the trip. Bottled water will be provided during the day.Where: Field Hands:Start at the Marriott Airport Convention Center, return that evening. Bio Thomas Brackman, Director, Geophysics Innovations Laboratory at Western Kentucky University, Vice President/Principal Geophysicist NSGWhen: Innovations LLC.Sunday March 25, from 7:30 A.M. till ~5:00 P.M. Bio Dr. Michael T. May, Professor of Geology and Program Leader, Western Kentucky University,Climate: Bio Dr. Rickard Toomey, Cave Specialist and Research Coordinator, MammothMarch 25, average low 38°, average high 64° Historic low 17° (1960) high 81° Cave National Park, Rick is the Cave Resource Management Specialist(1986)’ average rainfall for the day is 0.16”. Cave temperature is always 58°, no at Mammoth Cave National Park and was the Research Director of thechance of rain, mostly dark. Mammoth Cave International Center for Science and Learning.Activity level: Bio Dr. Jason Polk, Associate Professor of Environmental Geoscience, Director CHNGES, Western Kentucky University. Dr. Polk is anModerate activity levels may be encountered. The surface trip has two options Associate Professor of Geoscience and Director of the Center for Humanone is more strenuous section with a 200 ft elevation change the other 50 ft GeoEnvironmental Studies (CHNGES) and the HydroAnalytical Lab.elevation change. In the underground section of the Cave tour there are 86steps to go down and 86 to climb back up. 85 Vol 23, 1 2018
FIELD TRIP TO KARST COUNTRY - MAMMOTH CAVE & CORVETTE MUSEUMSAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M. Aerial view of sinkhole flooding in Warren County, Ky. Photo courtesy of Dr. Nick Costs: $40/45/50 USD (early bird, pre- Crawford, Center for Cave and Karst Studies at Western Kentucky University registration, on-site), with a generous donation by the Geophysics Innovations Geophysics of the River Styx at Mammoth Cave National Park trail map Laboratory at Western Kentucky University to help defray cost. Field Guides will be available for participants. The 31st Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP) slated for March 25-29, 2018 will host a field trip to see some of the world’s best examples of karst terrain located north of Nashville in south central Kentucky. Geophysicist and non-scientists alike will enjoy an early spring trip through karst country as we travel to Mammoth Cave National Park, enjoy local cuisine at Esters Farm Café, take in the sites and enjoy refreshments at Park Mammoth Resort and see the results of ignoring karst dangers at the Corvette Museum. The trip is a must see for any lifetime learner. Whether you are a geophysicist nerd, curious caver or happen to be the significant other (or not) of the two latter categories you’ will want to enjoy the field trip north. Spring will be starting to bust out the green color palette at the end of March and the redbud trees with their purple flowers will be in full force along with the daffodils or jonquils. A trip to Mammoth Cave, a world heritage site and international biosphere preserve along with the taste, overlooks and pleasantries of the region will tickle everyone’s fancy. Bring your selfie stick and camera for fantastic photo opportunities. Our 1.5-hour trip north starts from the Convention Hotel where our guides Thomas Brackman and Michael May will start with a description of the local geology as we make our way out of Music City. We will wind our way around Nashville and travel out of the older Ordovician rocks of the Nashville Dome onto the Mississippian age Highland Rim and beyond. Our first stop will be Mammoth Cave National Park. Here we will start with an hour-long surface trip to see some geophysics studies conducted by students. We will be joined by the spirit of Bruno Petsch, who in September of 1936 conducted Earth- Resistivity measurements as part of the Civilian Conservation Corps. Thomas Brackman will discuss multiple geophysical methods conducted in the Park in more recent times including electrical resistivity, Refraction Microtremor, GPR and gravity. We then head underground through the Historic Entrance. The Park is home to the longest mapped cave system in the world (412 miles in Geophysical line H over Styx Spring. Dark blue colors inferred to be section of Cave. Dashed lines inferred water pathway. Warm red colors possible section of Watson Trace. Oblique aerial view of Pennyroyal (sinkhole) Plain near stop 1. View to south. On February 12, 2014, a sinkhole opened under the floor of the Skydome area Photo courtesy of the National Park Service. of the Corvette Museum at around 5:44 AM local time, causing a portion of the floor to collapse. (http://myautoworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/528479 86 45d34c24d045f4f6bfeae5a17d_XL.jpg). Vol 23, 1 2018
FIELD TRIP TO KARST COUNTRY - MAMMOTH CAVE & CORVETTE MUSEUM Field Hands: Bios Thomas Brackman, Director, Geophysics SAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - SUNDAY, MARCH 25TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M. Innovations Laboratory at Western Kentucky University, Vice President/ Principal Geophysicist NSG Innovations LLC. Professional Geologist specializing in geophysics with applications to real world problems. His current research is using near surface geophysics for delineation of historic landfills. Specialties include cave and karst, environmental, mining and geotechnical arenas. Former Director of the Laboratory for Applied Geophysics at Northern Kentucky UniversityFebruary 25, 2002, collapse of Dishman Lane over State Trooper Cave in Bowling Dr. Michael T. May, Professor of GeologyGreen, Ky. and Program Leader, Western Kentucky University, His current research effortlength and counting) with abundant speleothems, mammoth domes and great includes undergraduate and graduatehalls. Our guide, Dr. Rick Toomey, will take us into the cave along the historic student-assisted outcrop and subsurfacetrail for approximately a 1 hour trip. Lunch is scheduled around noon at Esters investigation of Mississippian andFarm Café and Catering in Bon Ayr, Kentucky. Gabe (the owner and former Pennsylvanian rocks in south centralPark Guide) offer simple, delicious, homemade comfort food using fresh, local and western Kentucky associatedingredients when possible from fellow farmers within the community or even with the Mississippian-Pennsylvanianstraight from his own farm. He believes it’s just better that way. After lunch, Unconformity. The goal of the currentwe will briefly stop at Park Mammoth Resort, Cave Valley Winery for a view research is to incorporate geophysicalof the karst plain and the spring colors before we drive south to the Corvette well log, petrography and outcrop data toMuseum in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Dr. Jason Polk will guide us through map out the unconformity and ultimatelythe catastrophic collapse of the museum’s central display that destroyed define in detail the tectonostratigraphicseveral millions of dollars worth of one-of-a-kind Corvettes. Jason was the first framework for basal Pennsylvanian channelgeoscientist on site and was part of a team conducting gravity surveys to rapidly sequences.assess the situation. Fortunately, the collapse occurred during the very earlymorning hours and no one was in the building at the time. Of course, there is Dr. Rickard Toomey, Cave Specialist andno need to worry, the building has been repaired and a permanent collapse Research Coordinator, Mammoth Cavedisplay has been created to spread the word of the dangers of karst. We will National Park, Rick is the Cave Resourcespend about an hour and a half here, so you will have opportunities to tour the Management Specialist at Mammoth Cavemuseums and purchase souvenirs. From here we will bee line to the convention National Park and was the Research Directorhotel in time to allow you a moment to freshen up for the Ice Breaker so you can of the Mammoth Cave International Centerregale others of your incredible journey into the land of karst. for Science and Learning. He also works with resource questions involving caves, karstLinks systems, and bats at the park. He functions as a geologist, hydrologist, or biologist as theMammoth Cave National Park need arises.https://www.nps.gov/maca/index.htm Dr. Jason Polk, Associate Professor of Environmental Geoscience, DirectorEsters Farm Café and Catering CHNGES, Western Kentucky University. Dr. Polk is an Associate Professor of Geosciencehttp://www.estersfarm.com/ and Director of the Center for Human GeoEnvironmental Studies (CHNGES) andCorvette Museum the HydroAnalytical Lab. Dr. Polk’s current research investigates climate change,http://www.corvettemuseum.org/ water resources and sustainability, isotope hydrology and geochemistry, karst resource management, and global climate dynamics.Vol 23, 1 2018 87
FIELD TRIP TO CENTER HILL AND NORMANDY DAMS SAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP TO CENTER HILL AND NORMANDY DAMSSAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M. Center Hill Dam Description Center Hill Dam is sited at Mile 26.6 on the Caney Fork River, a major tributary to the Cumberland River. The Center Hill project was put into service in 1951 to provide important regional benefits of flood control, hydro power, recreation, water supply and water quality. The main dam consists of a 1382ft (421m) long concrete section and a 778ft (237m) long rolled earth embankment. A 770ft (235m) long saddle dam lies within a narrow valley along the right rim, about 1500ft (457m) upstream of the main dam. A three-generator-unit power plant, with a capacity of 135,000kW, and switchyard are located immediately downstream. Geologic Setting The site geology is characterized by numerous caves, springs, and sinks. These features are typical of the soluble limestone of the Major project features at Center Hill Dam region and indicative of a well- What: developed karst terrain. Center This field trip will highlight two federally owned dams which are both located in karst-prone areas in Middle Tennessee. Center Hill Dam is owned by the Hill Dam is founded in nearly U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and Normandy Dam is owned by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The field trip will end with a stop at the flat lying limestone and shale of George A. Dickel Distillery visitor’s center. Ordovician age. In ascending Where: order, the formations present Start at the Marriott Airport Convention Center, return that evening. at the dam site are the Carters, When: Hermitage, Cannon, Catheys, Cave features such as that shown above are part of Thursday, March 29, 7:30 am to ~5:00 pm CDT and Leipers of Ordovician the karst landscape at Center Hill Dam Leaders: Bio Jeff Munsey (Tennessee Valley Authority - TVA) -Manager of TVA’s Dam age, the Chattanooga of Devonian and Mississippian, and the Fort Payne of Safety Risk and Emergency Preparedness group Mississippian age. The contact between the Hermitage and Cannon formation Bio Kevin Hon (S&ME), Geophysical group leader and technical lead for is an unconformity with a significant amount of karst development. The Catheys geophysical applications in SME. formation forms the upper portion of the foundation of the concrete dam and Costs: earth embankment. The Catheys is a finely crystalline to crystalline, hard, $30/35/40 USD (early bird, pre-registration, on-site). Field Guide handouts will be available for participants. fossiliferous limestone. The contact between the Cannon and the Catheys is Refreshments/food: also an unconformity with localized karst development. Breakfast is on your own, lunch not provided. Bring your own lunch or purchase Center Hill Dam Karst-related Issues at an excursion stop?? Bottled water will be provided during the day. Limestone karst seepage has been an issue with operation of the USACE’s Center Hill Dam since construction of the project in the 1940s. Project designers Climate: acknowledged the cave-scattered region would require future grouting to control seepage through the well-developed bedrock joint system. Despite March 25, average low 38°, average high 64° Historic low 17° (1960) high 81° several localized grouting efforts over the years, total seepage increased to (1986)’ average rainfall for the day is 0.16”. Cave temperature is always 58°, no unprecedented levels under normal reservoir conditions. Foundation conditions chance of rain, mostly dark. deteriorated in the clay-filled rock joints within the rims, the abutments and the dam’s foundation to the point that USACE initiated a major rehabilitation project Activity level: to address these concerns. Easy to moderate activity levels may be encountered. Seepage also posed risks to the continued safe operation of the saddle dam and associated fuse plug at the project. Center Hill Dam Karst-geophysics Along with an extensive drilling program, surface and borehole geophysics were conducted at the saddle dam to identify potential seepage paths within the 88 Vol 23, 1 2018
FIELD TRIP TO CENTER HILL AND NORMANDY DAMSunderlying karst geology and to at Normandy Dam is a homogeneous rolled earth embankment approximately SAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M.assist in the design of an RCC 2,700 feet long. The crest of the embankment is approximately 20 feet widestability berm for the saddle dam. at EL. 895, yielding a maximum height of about 85 feet. The concrete gravityThe electrical resistivity imaging portion of the dam is composed of 13 monolith blocks and is approximatelyand spontaneous potential 506 feet long with an approximate maximum height of 114 feet. The top ofmethods employed at the nonoverflow section is EL. 895. The ogee spillway consists of two 36-foot widesurface characterized the lateral bays each with a structural steel tainter gate.changes in subsurface materialswhile optical televiewer, acoustic Geologic Settingteleviewer and natural gammaborehole surveys imaged and Remediation of karst features at Center Hill Dammeasured the physical propertiesof material surrounding the boreholes. A ground penetrating radar survey alongthe face of the saddle dam identified the presence of potential voids directlybeneath the concrete face.Normandy Dam DescriptionThe Tennessee Valley Authority’s Normandy Dam is a water supply andflood control dam founded on limestone bedrock consisting of an earth fillembankment and a concrete gravity dam with a gated spillway. Constructionof Normandy Dam began in 1972 and was completed in 1976. The damimpounds Normandy Reservoir and is located on the Duck River at mile 248.6in Coffee and Bedford Counties, Tennessee, approximately 8 miles north ofTullahoma, Tennessee, and 1.5 miles upstream of Normandy, Tennessee. TheNormandy Dam includes the following associated features (listed from westto east): west (right) abutment, concrete gravity non-overflow section, 2-baygated spillway and concrete apron, concrete gravity non-overflow section,earth embankment section, and east (left) abutment. The embankment sectionERI and SP survey layouts downstream of the Center Hill saddle dam Normandy Dam - Cutoff trench east of Sta. 35+00 – forming cavities in trench walls, curtain grouting and blasting Geologic conditions at Normandy are very similar to Center Hill Dam and include some of the same bedrock geologic formations. However, the intensity of karst formation appears to be somewhat less at Normandy Dam compared to Center Hill Dam. The bedrock geology immediately below the dam consists of the Catheys Formation, which is a thinly-bedded limestone interspersed with bands of blue-gray shale, or the Cannon Limestone, a uniformly-bedded limestone containing thin undulating shale lenses. Joint controlled solution features are common at the project especially in the Cannon Limestone as documented through foundation geologic mapping and construction photographs. Normandy Dam Geophysical Surveys A site investigation was performed by TVA in 2015 as part of TVA’s Dam Safety Assurance Program. This investigation included geophysical surveys to help determine whether any seepage had developed along the major karst dissolution features since dam construction. The geophysical surveys conducted were microgravity, electrical resistivity tomography and spontaneous potential. While some minor anomalies were indicated on the ERT and SP data, these surveys did not identify any significant anomalies that could be definitively tied to pre- existing karst features. However, the microgravity survey produced results that were in excellent agreement with known karst features that were identified prior to construction.Vol 23, 1 2018 89
FIELD TRIP TO CENTER HILL AND NORMANDY DAMSSAGEEP 2018 FIELD TRIP PROGRAM - THURSDAY, MARCH 29TH, 7:30 A.M. - ~5:00 P.M. Normandy Dam - Location of ERT and SP Survey Lines (2014, 2015) Excursion Leaders Bios: Normandy Dam - Location of ERT and SP Anomalies (2014, 2015) Jeff Munsey has worked for the Tennessee Valley Normandy Dam - Bouguer Gravity Map superimposed on Excavation Drawing Authority for over 30 years. Most of that time has been devoted to ensuring the safety of TVA’s dams through seismological, geophysical and geological investigations and evaluations. Mr. Munsey earned his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Geophysics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University. Currently, he is the manager of TVA’s Dam Safety Risk and Emergency Preparedness group. He still finds some time to dabble in the geophysical and geological aspects of Dam Safety work and designed and oversaw the geophysical investigation performed at Normandy Dam. Kevin Hon currently works for S&ME and has over 15 years of experience in shallow subsurface geophysics after earning his BS in Geology at Wright State University and his MS in Geology at New Mexico State University. Mr. Hon has spent the majority of his career in geotechnical consulting with a particular emphasis on engineering and environmental applications, however, four of those years were actually working for a manufacturer of geophysical systems. He currently serves as the geophysical group leader and technical lead for geophysical applications within the company. Links https://www.tva.gov/Environment/Managing-the-River/ManagingtheRiver Center Hill Dam https://www.tva.gov/Environment/Lake-Levels/Center-Hill https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_Hill_Lake http://www.lrn.usace.army.mil/Locations/Dams/Center-Hill-Dam/ http://www.lrn.usace.army.mil/Missions/Current-Projects/Construction/Center-Hill- Dam-Safety-Rehabilitation-Project/ Normandy Dam https://www.tva.gov/Energy/Our-Power-System/Hydroelectric/Normandy-Reservoir https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandy_Dam George A. Dickel Distillery visitor’s center https://www.georgedickel.com/ 90 Vol 23, 1 2018
INCLUDINGEAGE 2018 ANNUAL CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION REGISTER NOW! SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION GEOLOGY I GEOPHYSICS THE WORLD’S LARGESTMULTIDISCIPLINE – INTEGRATION MULTI-DISCIPLINARY GEOSCIENCE EVENT NEAR SURFACE I RESERVOIRVol 23, 1 2018COP18-V3F US Letter.indd 1 11-14 JUNE 2018 WWW.EAGEANNUAL2018.ORG 9125/01/18 17:01
GEODRONE REPORT Ron Bell e-mail: [email protected] Why Drone-enabled Geophysical Surveys? March, 2018 In present-day English, the word “drone” • Commercial Drone Predictions 2018 in the minds of the • Why Drone-enabled Geophysical Surveys? many citizens and all • Drone Presentations at SAGEEP 2018 commercial UAV service • Tim’s List providers simply means • GEM Systems Drone Magnetometers a remotely piloted or • Upcoming Drone Relevant Events autonomously controlled aircraft weighing 55SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Commercial Drone Predictions 2018 lbs. (25 kg) or less, SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION exclusive of its usage As with all developing industries, every year there are a few brave souls willing when referring to defense, to dive head first into the churning, murky waters of prescience to extract a espionage, and homeland Figure 1 – Fugro Airborne UAS fitted with airborne set of predictions on what might or is likely to happen during the coming 12 security applications. The magnetometer months. Within the commercial drone world 2017 was a bit of a break out year roots of this distinction in that many in the industry began to take notice of the mapping and surveying are found in the air traffic management (ATM) regulations promulgated by applications for drones in addition to the inspection, security, and agriculture governments of the developed world. uses for small autonomous aircraft. For more than a decade, the desire to deploy unmanned aircraft to acquire The desire for longer flight times, beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) geophysical data and, more specifically, magnetic data has been in the operations, and less expensive aircraft and sensor packages are still at the minds of a number of mineral exploration geophysicists as evidenced by the forefront as we move into 2018. However, there appears to be emerging photo of the Fugro Airborne UAS magnetometer system on the cover of the recognition that the data are the critical element that will drive the commercial March 2005 edition of Exploration Trends and Developments published by expansion of the drone market as evidenced by the eight (8) predictions the Geological Survey of Canada (see Figure 1). Thirteen years on, we are presented by Jeremiah Karpowicz of The Commercial UAV News which I have only now witnessing the creation of a viable commercial drone industry only paraphrased below a portion of which is focused on the use drones for magnetic geophysical surveys (see the following note about titled “Tim’s List”). Why has it taken so #1: Significant Growth in Overall Drone Economy long to get here? #2: Data Will Drive Growth, especially in the survey space As with many ventures, the reasons for the failure of Fugro Airborne along with the other entrepreneurs of the time to create a commercial drone #3: Lower Operational Costs from Inspection Drone Data enabled airborne geophysical survey business are many. Nevertheless, it is easy to see that the lack of regulations was the most detrimental. They #4: Data Security Will Be Emphasized simply were not able to convince the air traffic management authorities that they could conduct unmanned aircraft flight operations without $5: High Altitude Long Endurance Drones Will Find Greater Utilization conflicting with other aircraft. Today, regulations are in place that allow for the safe operation of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS). However, #6: Automation of Drones Will Increase In Resource Extraction and the constraints imposed by the regulations deter the broad adoption of Security Sectors unmanned aircraft for commercial scale airborne geophysical survey operations. Nevertheless, low and ultra-low altitude aeromagnetic surveys #7: Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM) Will Become Operational are becoming a actionable alternative to a ground magnetic survey. #8: Counter Drone Technology Will Become More Important The deployment of a drone to acquire geophysical data is limited to a single small UAS flown in the daylight within visual line of sight (VLOS) at altitudes You can read or if you wish, down load the report that contains these no greater than 400 feet (122.9 m) above the ground surface. At the end of predictions from the following web site: https://www.expouav.com/8- the day, for many near surface geophysics projects with a typical small areal commercial-drone-predictions-for-2018/ footprint, the use of drones provides a workable means of acquiring data with the added benefit of reducing financial risk along with the risks associated to One of the statements made by the experts referenced in the report that the safety and well-being of the field personnel. In other cases, drones allow struck home with me, is that “data is more important than the drone.” Another access to otherwise difficult or impossible to reach survey areas. In virtually theme the caught my attention is the need for new automated processes for all cases, drones reduce the cost to acquire each data point. transforming drone collected data into actionable information which could then be utilized to spot and correct issues before they become problems and, Although the dream of replacing a conventional pilot-on-board survey aircraft thereby, significantly reduce the cost of an extractive operation or industrial with an unmanned aircraft is diminished it is equally apparent that it will one process. Last, but not in any way least, is the emerging theme for greater day become a reality. Recent actions by influential, well financed drone data security precipitated by the wide spread utilization of the cloud to store companies such as Precision Hawk (http://www.precisionhawk.com/) working and distribute data. with government entities are resulting in the emergence of new technologies, methodologies, and regulations designed to facilitate safe beyond visual line of site (BLVOS) flight operations. Once BVLOS operations are approved by the ATM authorities, nighttime and higher altitude flight operations as well as the deployment of larger aircraft will soon follow. In a decade, commercial 92 Vol 23, 1 2018
GEODRONE REPORT drones will be an integrated component of the air traffic system. On March 15, 2018, the FAA released a forecast highlighting, in part, the phenomenal growth in the use of drones including a projection that the commercial, small non-model UAS fleet is set to grow from 110,604 in 2017 to 451,800 in 2022. The number of remote pilots is set to increase from 73,673 in 2017 to 301,000 in 2022. https://www.faa.gov/ Admittedly, the above paragraphs provide, at best, a brief synopsis answer to the question: Why drone-enabled geophysical surveys? At the end of the day, the answer is simply boiled down to More Data in Less Time at Lower Cost. Or, to put in another way, it is not about the drone, it is all about the data that is acquired with a drone.SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Drone Presentations at SAGEEP 2018 GEM Systems Drone Magnetometers SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION It has recently come to my attention that there will be four (4) oral I recently corresponded with Shawn Kovacs, Ph.D., G.I.T., Sales and presentations on the use of drones for geophysical and geoscientific Marketing Manager for GEM Systems Inc. about the drone magnetometers mapping at the upcoming SAGEEP 2018. All will be presented in the that his company has developed and is presently marketing. He shared session titled Airborne EM, Airborne Remote Sensing & Drones to be held with me that “we are indeed receiving a great response to our increased on Tuesday, March 28th from 8:00 AM to 11:40 AM. The drone enabled promotion of UAV magnetometers.” In addition, when I asked about the presentations are rumors on the street the his firm was considering developing a EM system for a drone, the only thing that he was willing to share with me was that the Incorporating Unmanned Aircraft Imaging with Ground Penetrating word on street about the GEM Systems R+D team efforts to bring new and Radar for Efficient Mapping of Drainage Tile Systems – Robert innovative drone enabled geophysical systems to market was “interesting”. Freeland, Univ. of TN A bit later in our email string, I received a brochure for a new drone enabled Above the Dump: A sUAS Enabled Aeromagnetic Survey of a magnetometer system that is called the AirGRAD. The promotional literature Landfill – Ron Bell, IGS, LLC describes the AirGRAD as “the first and only vertical gradiometer currently available on the market designed specifically for UAV applications”. The Drone Enabled Geoscientific Mapping is the New Paradigm for photo of the AirGRAD is quite intriguing. Environmental Site Characterization – Ron Bell IGS, LLC At a 6.0 kg. (13.23 lb.), it will require a heavy lift UAV which probably means Evaluation of the Micro-Fabricated Atomic Magnetometer Deployed a helicopter rather than a multirotor. The two (2) model GSMP-35U potassium from a Small Autonomous Rotorcraft for Locating Legacy Oil & Gas magnetometers are incorporated into the system along with a laser altimeter Wells – Garret Veloski, U.S. Dept. of Energy and radio communications link. Three (3) of the four presentations will present data acquired using a The promotional literature notes that “a gradiometer is ideal for locating small, prototype version of the MagArrowTM, a drone enabled magnetometer near surface anomalies, and it is therefore very useful for archeological, that uses the MFAM magnetometer technology built by Geometrics, Inc.: geotechnical and environmental mapping.” I reckon this is just the kind of http://geometrics.com/ application that Shawn will want to discuss when he does his turn in the GEM Systems booth at the SAGEEP 2018. I am confident that he will be quite As you can see, two (2) of the presentations will be made by the author of the pleased if you were to make the effort to visit with him. geoDRONE Report©. If you are attending SAGEEP 2018, I encourage you to take in each of these presentations. If you will not be attending SAGEEP If you are not planning on attending SAGEEP 2018 - which to be totally 2018, the slide decks for my presentation will be available for download in transparent with you is a bit of a foreign notion to me - but wish to learn more early April from the following web site: https://www.aeroboticgeo.com/ about the AirGRAD, you can download the promotional literature at www.gemsystems.ca. Of course, you might find it more appealing to simply If you are using drones in your work or if you are thinking of using drones, contact Shawn directly via email at [email protected]. I am sincerely interested in learning about your experiences as well as thoughts and opinions about the use of small unmanned aircraft (sUAS) Upcoming Drone Relevant Events tasked for geoscientific investigations. Please drop me an email at rbell@ igsdenver.com. When it comes to autonomous vehicles for land, air, and marine applications including what is commonly known as drones, the Association of Unmanned Moreover, If you will be attending SAGEEP 2018, please accept my invitation Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) puts on what many consider to be to get together for a chat on the topic. the premier conference about the latest in technology and applications for unmanned vehicle systems. If you wish to learn about the current state of Tim’s List the art in the business of drones, arrange you schedule to attend the AUVSI Xponential. Tim Archer of Reid Geophysics has created a list of drone enabled magnetometry contractors. Without seeking any sort of permission, I have renamed the list “Tim’s List”. It is a global in its scope, although clearly some of the companies on the list are more locally focused. The list is available for download at http://www.reid-geophys.co.uk/download-pdf/. Vol 23, 1 2018 93
GEODRONE REPORT, PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY AND GEOPHEX April 30 – May 3, 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Denver, CO USA Dear Readers: If you or a colleague enjoy reading, please take a moment to drop me an email with your thoughts and suggestions for the next geoDRONE • AUVSI Xponential is the largest, most comprehensive trade show for Report. Your input is of great value as I strive to provide interesting unmanned systems and robotics. It features: information in each report. Thank you for reading. • 6 50+ manufacturers in more than 370,000 sq. ft. of exhibit space ~ Ron ([email protected]) • D aily keynotes from tech visionaries and business experts • 2 00+ world-cdlass sessions in three unique tracks • 7 ,000+ industry pros Professional / Business DirectorySAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION Would you like to see your Your business card business card reach the could be here many FastTIMES readers? Go to http://www.eegs.org/advertising-information to learn how affordable, it is. Geophex Ltd. 35 years of excellence in EM instrumentation GEM-2 Ski: still the leader Multi-frequency domain to 93 kHz Replaces many other instruments Standard & custom products www.geophex.com +1 (919) 839-8515 94 Vol 23, 1 2018
GROUNDWATER NEWS IAH Strategic Overview Series • Dams and levees II SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION • Humanitarian geophysics - groundwater case historiesIAH are currently undertaking a survey to seek opinions, feedback and • Hydrogeophysics Iideas regarding the Strategic Overview Series, which are aimed to inform • Hydrogeophysics IIprofessionals in a variety of sectors of key interactions with groundwater • S pectral IP - recent achievements regarding understanding, measurement,resources and hydrogeological science. They are also intended to aid IAH and inversionmembers and supporters in their outreach efforts. • Soil science/AgricultureA survey monkey survey is being conducted to get groundwater professional • Special Session: Geophysics for Urban Underground Space Development Iinput. The input of hydrogeophysicists would be useful to provide some • Special Session: Geophysics for Urban Underground Space Development IIbalanced input. • Uncertainty, data fusion, big data & data mininghttps://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/IAH_SOSpapers At SAGEEP also the equipment demonstrations plus the two field trips on theA set of briefing / discussion papers can be accessed at : investigation of Karst - cave development and the impact of karst on largehttps://iah.org/knowledge/strategic_overview_series? utm_medium=email&utm_ storage reservoirs are of interest to groundwater professionals.campaign=IAH%20Members%20Alert%20-% 20February%202018&utm_content=IAH%20Members%20Alert%20-% 20February%202018 +CID_057d GRAC Hydrovision - Spring Editionc3f54a8fff8b86e95f6d3013ee30&utm_source=Campaign% 20Monitor&utm_term=Link%20to%20all%20the%20IAH%20Strategic% 20Overview%20 https://www.grac.org/media/files/files/1388a39c/hv-spring-2018-digital.pdfSeries%20papers. The Spring edition of GRAC Hydrovision has come out with a promotion of theThe series covers the following topics: - September Issue of FastTIMES on California Groundwater and also includes interesting articles about: - • Ecosystem Conservation and Groundwater • Energy Generation and Groundwater • C ALL TO ACTION TO RECHARGE CALIFORNIA’S DEPLETED • Food Security and Groundwater AQUIFERS with a GRA-UC Water Roundtable, Oct 2, 2018 –Sacramento • Global Change and Groundwater • Human Health and Groundwater • S tephen Phillips, newly elected President of GRA (following CPhertiesr sen - • Resilient Cities and Groundwater outgoing President) outlining New Directions and Opportunities – GRA in 2018 • The UN-SDGs for 2030 – Essential Indicators for Groundwater • T he 2018 David K. Todd Distinguished Lecturer Series will be deliveredSource: IAH Website by Jeffrey Mount, Ph.D. (Northern California), Senior Fellow, Public Policy Institute of California Water Policy Center & Professor Emeritus, Groundwater at SAGEEP Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at University of California, Davis with a Lecture on: Consequences of Groundwater SustainabilityThere are several Sessions on groundwater geophysics methods and case in California and also by Kirby Brill P.E. (Southern California). Formerhistories of direct and potential interest to groundwater professionals including :- General Manager, Mojave Water Agency with a Lecture on: Building Bridges to a New World in Water Resource Management • Best of EAGE Near-Surface Geoscience 2017 • The Hydrologic Budget – Part 4 of a series • Electrical Methods I • The legal acceptability of selected groundwater test methods • Electrical Methods II • Mississippi Aquifer investigation, characterization and processes ASEG/PESA/AIG AEGC2018 Conference • Fluid flow monitoring • Airborne EM, airborne, remote sensing, & drones I http://www.aegc2018.com.au/ • Airborne EM, airborne, remote sensing, & drones II The 26th ASEG Conference / FIRST AUSTRALASIAN EXPLORATION • Electromagnetics I GEOSCIENCE CONFERENCE was recently held in Sydney, Australia on • Electromagnetics II February 18-21, 2018. Several groundwater geophysics papers were presented • Karst and sinkholes and the abstracts can be downloaded from :- • Nuclear magnetic resonance I http://www.publish.csiro.au/pv • Nuclear magnetic resonance II Papers were presented on: - • Borehole geophysics • G roundwater assessment in a coal measures sequence using borehole • Characterizing and modeling difficult hydrogeological systems • Dams and levees I magnetic resonance • G eologically-constrained interpretation of airborne electromagnetic data for definition of prospective groundwater resources, Albany Hinterland, Western AustraliaVol 23, 1 2018 95
GROUNDWATER NEWSSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES CONFERENCE EDITION • Impact of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys in groundwater • Comparative evaluation of 1D, 2.5D and 3D inversions for resolving tectonic management in the Lower Platte South natural resources district, elements in floodplains and near-surface inverted sedimentary basins Nebraska, USA • R ecent advancements and applications of logging and surface magnetic • Aquifer delineation using the tempest AEM system resonance for groundwater investigations • The ‘exploring for the future’ groundwater program: a multi-physics, inter- • Developing water supplies from Saprolite Regolith disciplinary systems approach for de-risking investment in agriculture in northern Australia • R apid assessment of groundwater salinity and seawater intrusion hazard in the Keep River floodplain, Northern Territory, Australia • Resolving changes to freshwater lens systems in a ‘sea of salinity’ using multi- date airborne EM • S tructural analyses aiding identification of water conductive fracture zones in crystalline rock • Stretching AEM near-surface resolution limits related to low- and very high resistivity contrasts • Gaining insight into the T2*–T2 relationship through complex inversion of surface NMR free-induction decay data • A n integrated hydrogeophysical approach to exploring for groundwater resources in southern Northern Territory • Novel methods for near-surface hydrogeological feature enhancement from high-resolution airborne magnetic data • Using AEM and GMR methods for non-invasive, rapid reconnaissance mapping and characterisation of groundwater systems in the Kimberley region, • Constrained magnetotelluric inversion for characterisation of complex aquifer northern Australia systems • VTEM ET: An improved helicopter time-domain EM system for near surface • Recent advancements and applications of logging and surface magnetic applications resonance for groundwater investigations • The use of airborne EM to investigate a coastal carbonate aquifer, seawater • Improved groundwater system characterization and mapping using intrusions and sustainable borefield yield at Exmouth, Western Australia hydrogeophysical data and machine-learning workflows • Loupe – a portable EM profiling system 96 Vol 23, 1 2018
EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOESMONDAY, MARCH 26TH - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 2 Presentation No. 91 MONDAY, MARCH 26TH - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: HAMID TITILOPE PRESENTER/CONTACT: MARIO CARNEVALE OLADUNJOYE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-SEISMIC AND GPR APPROACH FOR SOME COASTAL SANDS OF LAGOS, SOUTH- SLOPE STABILITY ASSESSMENT, MCGALLS WESTERN NIGERIA, USING GEOPHYSICAL AND BAY, BERMUDA GEOTECHNICAL METHODS Mario Carnevale, Hager GeoScience, Inc.; Mark Domaracki, Hager Kehinde Ishola, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria; Hamid Titilope GeoScience, Inc. OLADUNJOYE; Kayode Oyedele , University of Lagos ; Lukuman Adeoti, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria Some projects pose the challenge of establishing geophysical survey geometries within constrained areas while still obtaining sufficient spatial LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL ASSESMENT OF SOME COASTAL distribution of data points containing information to the desired depths. SANDS OF LAGOS, SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA, USING GEOPHYSICAL AND GEOTECHNICAL METHODS This paper presents a multi-method survey approach within a small constrained area that was used to assess shallow and deep geological parameters possibly This paper presents the results of the investigation conducted in some parts of affecting slope stability and erosion potential of waterfront property in Bermuda. wetland areas of Lagos, Nigeria, using Multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW), Cone penetration test (CPT) and Standard penetration test (SPT). The Multiple-frequency GPR antennas were used to gather information ranging primary aim was to delineate probable areas that were prone to induced seismicity. from high-resolution shallow imaging of voids to deep imaging of geologic structures. Seismic survey geometries were constructed to allow for multiple The MASW of the seismic method was used to generate the shear wave analyses from one data set. The primary seismic survey included multichannel velocity (Vs) of the near surface soil while the CPT and SPT were employed analysis of surface wave (MASW) methods, from which shear wave velocity to infer the penetration resistance and the blow count in the assessment of the (Vs) depth profiles were derived. Other seismic information was obtained by stress-based liquefaction potential of these soils respectively. SeisImager and refraction, reflection, and common-offset analyses. liquefaction assessment software (known as Cliq) were used to process both the MASW and CPT data respectively. Results of shallow GPR and seismic investigations include the mapping of soil layers, measurement of soil density (stiffness), and delineation of voids within The values of shear wave velocity generated for most sands in the study areas a depth of 15 to 20 feet. GPR and MASW mapping results revealed distinct range from 120m/s -200m/s. These values fell within potentially liquefiable layers of soil. sands. From the CPT results, 41.67% of Ikoyi data showed a very high risk to liquefaction while 37% of Badore data indicated severe liquefaction potential. Deep subsurface imaging was accomplished with high-powered low-frequency The factors of safety (F.S) against liquefaction potential obtained from the plot (LF) GPR surveys and common mid-point (CMP) and common offset (CO) seismic of cyclic stress ratio (CSR) against s-wave velocity (Vs) was less than 1. This reflection processing. LF GPR imaging was effective from depths of approximately also corroborated the presence of liquefiable sands within the study areas. 25 to 160 feet. Seismic models for this area are considered effective from approximately 50 to several hundred feet, depending on signal quality. Deep air- Presentation No. 15 filled layered and vertical void structures were identified in all survey areas. PRESENTER/CONTACT: AMIN ESMAEILZADEH EMAIL: [email protected] The survey results included: 3D NONLINEAR GROUND MOTION SIMULATION • s tiff and competent layers were identified and evaluated for foundations and FOR THE KINBURN BASIN USING A slope anchors DETERMINISTIC APPROACH • c andidate areas were identified for grouting in the presence of extensive void Amin Esmaeilzadeh, Carleton University; Dariush Motazedian structures and evidence of soil subsidence We have used the 3D staggered-grid finite difference scheme (AWP-ODC • s oft and loose soil areas may need stabilization before being exposed to program) to model nonlinear ground motion for the Kinburn basin in Ottawa, heavy equipment Canada, with a very high (~20) shear-wave impedance contrast between bedrock and soil in comparison to typical impedance contrasts of 3–5 in • s hallow soil layers dip toward the ocean and may represent failure surfaces many other places. Cyclic nonlinear models, which are mainly considered an creating slope failure hazards elastoplastic constitutive behavior for soil deposits, determine the nonlinear stress-strain behavior of soil by following the actual stress-strain path during cyclic loading. In regular linear simulations, the shear modulus of an element in the model is assumed to be constant in the stress-strain relation. In the proposed method, the shear modulus is defined as a function of strain; thus, it would be modified according to the strain level that should be calculated for each time and each element in the model. Detailed geophysical information was used to model the study basin and modulus reduction equation. The focal mechanism associated with the M4.6 Ladysmith earthquake recorded on May 17th, 2013 was used as the source while the magnitude was scaled to 8.5 to study the effects of nonlinearity. In this simulation, the nonlinear viscoelastic ground motions were carried out in the frequency range of 0-1 Hz. Vol 23, 1 2018 97
EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOESMONDAY, MARCH 26TH - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 132 wave velocity measurements that are compared directly with the inversion results to MONDAY, MARCH 26TH - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: TOMIO INAZAKI evaluate the performance of the estimated site amplification. EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 191 DETAILED NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICAL PRESENTER/CONTACT: MARCO DE KLEINE SURVEY AT AN AREA STRICKEN BY THE 2016 EMAIL: [email protected] KUMAMOTO EARTHQUAKES. CHARACTERISING EARTHQUAKE MONITORING Tomio Inazaki, Public Works Research Institute; Hiroshi Kisanuki, STATIONS USING MASW, MICROTREMOR Public Works Research Institute; Takanori Ogahara, Public Works ARRAY, SCPT AND CROSS-HOLE TOMOGRAPHY Research Institute; Kyosuke Onishi, Public Works Research Institute Marco de Kleine, Deltares; Rik Noorlandt, Deltares; Pauline Kruiver, We conducted a detailed near surface geophysical survey at Mashiki Town, Deltares; Marios Karaoulis, Deltares Kumamoto Prefecture, western Japan, where was severely damaged by the 2016 Kumamoto twin earthquakes of magnitudes 7.3 for the mainshock and 6.5 In this work, we present a comparative study of different methods to for a foreshock. The survey comprised Hybrid Surface Wave Survey (HSWS), characterize Vs, using the following techniques: Multichannel Analysis of capacitively coupled resistivity (CCR) measurement using OhmMapper, and GPR Surface Waves (MASW), microtremor array method, cross-hole tomography measurements using Utility Scan DF and 350 HS tools. A total of 5 short survey and Seismic Cone Penetration Tests (SCPT). lines were set to intersect a branched surface rupture, or placed in the downtown area of Mashiki Town. The purposes of the survey were to assess the usefulness A network of 18 surface stations in the Netherlands monitor induced of the above geophysical methods for the delineation of near-surface conditions earthquakes due to the extraction of the Groningen gas field. The subsurface at of such earthen structures as levees and road embankments attacked by strong the stations consists of unconsolidated and heterogeneous sediments, because earthquakes, and to provide high-resolution subsurface profiles of sites where of several generations of incised and infilled channel structures. surface structures were sporadically damaged. Notable results of our study were as follows. First, GPR successfully imaged detailed structures on the surficial These techniques used represent a range of sampling volumes and spatial zones up to 2 to in case to 5 m in depth. It was characteristic that a number of resolutions. For example, the SCPT is a high resolution technique, but the step-like sharp dislocations were identified around the surface rupture. Layered sampling volume is quite small, while The MASW samples much larger soil resistivity structures, concordant with inferred geological structure of the area, volumes and has a lower spatial resolution. We applied several adjustments to were imaged by CCR surveys up to 10 m in depth. HSWS, recently proposed the techniques both in acquisition as in the processing phase. For example, the by the authors, reconstructed S-wave structures up to 40 m in depth. In addition, MASW data were analysed using classic shot gathers, but also Common Mid- HSWS records were processed through an ordinary seismic reflection data Point cross-correlation gathers to obtain information about the heterogeneity of processing flow. As a result, reverse faulting structure was clearly imaged in the subsurface. For the SCPTS, not only zero-offset shots were performed, but concordance with the other near-surface survey results. also offsets of 5, 10, 15 and 20 m to obtain a tomographic VS image based on SCPT. It was possible to determine the representative VS profile at each station Presentation No. 181 location using the various techniques. PRESENTER/CONTACT: LINCOLN STEELE EMAIL: [email protected] Heterogeneity was visualised by the cross-hole tomography, offset SCPT and CMP-cc of MASW. IMASW VS-DEPTH MEASUREMENTS AT CEUS SEISMIC STATIONS FOR USE IN GROUND Based on the expected resolution of each method and the site characteristics, MOTION CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 2011 we propose a joint use of several methods to balance the strengths of each PRAGUE, OK EARTHQUAKE method in various depths. For instance, the low signal quality of SCPT in the top meters was balanced by the high MASW VS quality in that depth range, Lincoln Steele, Lincoln Steele; Jim Pfeiffer, Fugro Consultants, Inc. resulting in a reliable VS depth profile. This presentation will discuss Interferometric Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves (IMASW) geophysical field surveys performed at eleven CEUS seismic stations located within a 2° radius surrounding the Oklahoma City region which recorded the 6 November 2011 Mw 5.6 Prague, Oklahoma earthquake. The new active source shallow seismic (shear-wave) measurements at the seismic monitoring station locations were used to determine horizontal to vertical spectral ratios (HVSR), Vs30, Vs-depth structure and develop NEHRP Site Classification and calculate empirical ground motion amplification functions. The information was used in a seismological site response investigation which employed existing ground motion data at the seismic monitoring stations from the 2011 earthquake. The field-based Vs survey used 15 iSeis© Sigma4 three-component seismographs with varying array geometries and active sourcing to obtain new site-Vs structure profiles and HVSR at the seismic monitoring stations. In addition, the three component seismic data were processed and analyzed to develop NEHRP Soil Site Classifications, and calculate site-specific ground motion amplification functions. Local soil classes and/or velocity profiles are generally not available for CEUS stations, and obtaining site measurements helps calibrate or otherwise verify amplification factors identified using the Hartzell and Mendoza (2011) waveform- analysis approach. The surface-wave dispersion data provide site-specific 1D shear- 98 Vol 23, 1 2018
ELECTRICAL METHODS IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 9 movement of salt tracers applied to a 25 cm deep trench during natural rainfall MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: MELVYN BEST events. This system, operational since September 2015, reveals a consistent EMAIL: [email protected] preferential pathway within the top argillic horizon into a deeper (> 1m) sandy/ sandy loam layer. This preferential pathway is observed regardless of storm INTEGRATING TERRESTRRIAL AND intensity. ERI visualizations show the progression of a conductive slug within WATERBORNE ERT SURVEYS AT THE RIPLEY the sand layer driven by an increase in hydraulic head from precipitation LANDSLIDE NEAR ASHCROFT, BC events. Moment analysis revealed an expected progression of center of mass coordinates towards the drainage ditch and an increase in seepage velocity Melvyn Best, Bemex Consulting International; Peter Bobrowsky, with storm intensity. Changes in ERI in the top 1 m are highly variable. We Geological Susrvey of Canada; Dave Huntley, Geological Survey installed soil moisture, temperature and conductivity probes at 13 cm and 63 of Canada; Renato Macciotti, Univrsity of Alberta; Michael Hendry, cm at four locations in the ERI grid. Soil temperature is shown to be affected University of Albeta by conductive (i.e. diurnal patterns) and convective (i.e. precipitation influx) forces. A simple temperature correction was applied to the top 1 m of the The Ripley Landslide is a slow-moving slide located some 8 km south of inverted ERI image. ERI monitoring was shown to advance our understanding Ashcroft, B.C. It is located adjacent to the Thompson River and poses a of shallow subsurface flows contributing to P transport. hazard to a critical transportation corridor through which Canadian Pacific and Canadian National railways operate. Elsewhere along the Thompson Presentation No. 37 River valley there are several other known landslides with similar geological PRESENTER/CONTACT: WESLEY BROWN conditions as the Ripley slide. An international research project has developed EMAIL: [email protected] at this site to develop a better understanding of the soil stratigraphy, slope kinematics and stability issues within this region using the Ripley Landslide as 2.5 DIMENSIONAL INDUCTIVELY COUPLED a case study. RESISTIVITY STUDY OF KARST GEOHAZARDS Geophysical surveying was employed for mapping the subsurface at this Wesley Brown, Stephen F. Austin State University; Kevin Stafford, site. Both terrestrial and water borne geophysical surveys were conducted .A Stephen F. Austin State University number of geophysical techniques were applied; however, the ERT surveys proved most effective and are the focus of this presentation. The terrestrial Differential dissolution of Permian evaporite karst throughout the Gypsum ERT survey used a Wenner-Schlumberger array with 48 electrodes spaced Plains of west Texas has become a significant geotechnical problem. This 5 m apart and the waterborne ERT survey used a reverse Wenner array with is especially significant in Culberson County due to an increase in heavy an electrode spacing of 10 m. The waterborne and terrestrial ERT data sets vehicular traffic related to increased petroleum exploration, extraction, and were merged into a single data set and then inverted using Loke’s RES3DINV transportation within the region. The Castile Formation which is the dominant inversion program. formation within the study area, consists of gypsum/anhydrite and is highly susceptible to dissolution and karstification by meteoric and groundwater The presentation will compare the resistivity inversion before and after merging flow. Karstic features along roadways in the Castile outcrop are common for factors such as depth of exploration and lateral resolution. These will then and includes sinkholes, surface subsidence and caves of both epigenic and be used in conjunction with evidence from several boreholes, to evaluate the hypogenic origin. effectiveness of ERT to map the subsurface geology of the Ripley Landslide Traditional methods of conducting karst surveys can be very effective in Presentation No. 29 mapping the extent of subsurface features once they are located based on PRESENTER/CONTACT: JUDY ROBINSON surficial expression. However, these methods sometimes fail to delineate EMAIL: [email protected] the full extent of subsurface features that are not manifested on the surface. Department of Geology at Stephen F. Austin State University ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY IMAGING (ERI) have collaborated with the Texas Department of Transport (TxDOT) to OF TRANSPORT PATHWAYS CONTROLLING conduct a comprehensive resistivity study over several miles of roadway PHOSPHOROUS LOADS TO DRAINAGE DITCHES located along RM 652. Researchers utilized an OhmMapper TR5 resistivity IN AGRICULTURAL FIELDS meter, a capacitively coupled resistivity instrument, to scan and collect 2D resistivity data along sections of roadways. The 2D resistivity scans were Judy Robinson, Rutgers University; Lee Slater, Rutgers University; inverted using the 3D EarthImager software to produce 2.5D models of the Amy Collick, University of Maryland Eastern Shore; Anthony Buda; subsurface, and used to characterize the extent of karst geohazards. This Amy Shober; Kathryn Clark, University of Delaware; Dimitrios presentation represents preliminary 2.5D model results from a broader and Ntarlagiannis, Rutgers University; Shawn Tingle, University of much more comprehensive study. Delaware; Ray Bryant, USDA-ARS-Pasture System and Watershed Management Research Unit; Arthur Allen, University of Maryland Eastern Shore The phosphorous (P) index is an applied assessment tool that identifies agricultural fields considered critical sources of P due to hydrologic connectivity between P sources and surface water. There is a need to improve the depiction of subsurface hydrological connectivity in P risk assessment tools in flat, artificially drained landscapes. We are applying time-lapse ERI in conjunction with salt tracers to a site on the Delmarva Peninsula (MD) that is drained by a dense network of open ditches. Our objectives are to examine the relative effects of soil properties, drainage intensity, and management factors on shallow lateral flow generation as a function of storm intensity. We automated an ERI system of 192 electrodes within a 72m2 plot to monitor the Vol 23, 1 2018 99
ELECTRICAL METHODS IIMONDAY, MARCH26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 101 Presentation No. 187 MONDAY, MARCH26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: KISA MWAKANYAMALE PRESENTER/CONTACT: MOHAMED KHALIL EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ASSESSING COASTAL EROSION AND 2D ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY ACCRETION ALONG THE ILLINOIS LAKE AND VLF-EM SURVEY IN VIRGINIA CITY, MICHIGAN SHORE USING WATERBORNE MONTANA GEOPHYSICS Mohamed Khalil, Geophysical Engineering Dep. Montana Tech of Kisa Mwakanyamale, Illinois State Geological Survey - University of Univ. of Montana Illinois; Dimitrios Ntalagiannis, Rutgers University; Sina Saneiyan, Rutgers University - Newark; Timothy Johnson, Pacific Northwest Virginia City, Montana, is located in the northern Rocky Mountains of the United National Laboratory; Steven Brown, Illinois State Geological Survey States. Two natural springs are located on the east side of the city and on the - University of Illinois edge of an area affected by landslides. Based on the geology of the area, the springs and the landslides are suspected to be structurally controlled. So The Illinois Lake Michigan coast is a dynamic system undergoing constant far, no geological or geophysical evidence proves or disproves this suspicion. changes due to increased human activities and complex natural processes. However, 2D Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Very Low Frequency These processes significantly affect sand distribution along the shoreline. Electromagnetics (VLF-EM) have been used to explore the springs and Beach sand is a critical coastal resource because it helps alleviate shoreline landslides. Two intersected 2D resistivity profiles were measured at each spring, erosion when it is present. Despite decades of research along the Illinois coast and two VLF profiles were measured in the landslide zone. The inverted 2D sand management issues remain unresolved. resistivity profiles at the springs allowed subsurface faults to be inferred between high resistivity basalt flows and low resistivity clays. The in-phase VLF component To address these issues and inform a regional sand management strategy, was used to calculate apparent current density values. The spatial distribution of helicopter transient electromagnetic (HTEM) data were collected along the entire the current densities allowed a series of faults to be inferred in the landslide area. shoreline and coincident waterborne and ground based electrical resistivity (ERT) These faults can be interpreted as a series of listric faults off a large detachment data were acquired in areas not accessible to HTEM method. The waterborne fault. Overall results show that the resistivity method successfully delineated the ERT imaging along the shore proved very efficient in characterizing the distribution subsurface faults and that good correlation exists between the inferred listric faults and thickness of sand beneath the water column. The shore parallel results show and local topography. The study provides valuable geological information to help thicker sand layers on the south side of the waterborne study area, characteristic understand the tectonics of the area, and the source of the springs. of north-south trending lake currents. A decrease in sand thickness is observed lakeward, suggesting lakebed down-cutting in sand-starved areas. These results Presentation No. 188 are consistent with HTEM results, increasing confidence in our interpretation. PRESENTER/CONTACT: MOHAMED KHALIL EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 162 PRESENTER/CONTACT: NORBERT KLITZSCH ON THE ORIGIN OF SUBSIDENCE IN BUTTE, EMAIL: [email protected] MONTANA: A GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF UNIDENTIFIED SOURCES OF SUBSIDENCE CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING SMALL-SCALE AND HYDROLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL BOREHOLE TO SURFACE ERT IMPACTS THROUGH 2D AND 3D ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND SELF-POTENTIAL Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen University; Johanna Ochs, RWTH Aachen University Prudhomme Kristen, Mohamed Khalil, Marvin Speece, Geophysical Engineering Department, Montana Tech, University of Montana. We developed a geoelectrical borehole tool for near-surface measurements, allowing for highly resolved resistivity distributions in soils. The tool consists The town of Butte, Montana is littered with remnants of a world-class copper and of 20 ring electrodes distributed over one meter on a plastic rod. For ERT silver mining history, in which the land surface and structure has been dramatically measurements, we push it into the ground ensuring good electrical contact altered. Further, the original hydrology of Butte has become complex, where the and operate it in combination with surface electrodes. With the latter, we aim at contribution of the Berkeley Pit’s 200 billion gallon lake of acid mine water (pH recovering 2D structures beyond the near borehole region. 2-3) has jeopardized the groundwater flow and quality in Silverbow Creek; thus affecting the underlying shallow alluvial aquifer. Residents have experienced The small electrode distances of the setup allow a high resolution but also pose the long-term repercussions of mining activity from the 1800’s through today, a challenge. A typical assumption used in ERT inversion does not hold anymore, particularly where old discovery and production mine shafts have been linked to neither the ring electrodes of the borehole tool nor the surface electrodes can occurrences of subsidence throughout urban development in Butte. However, be represented by dimensionless point electrodes. Thus, we consider the there are multiple sites of subsidence with no direct link to mining activity that electrodes with their real 3D-shape as conductive bodies, i.e., we utilize the have occurred in urban development directly south of the Berkeley Pit. These conductive cell model using the program BERT (Boundless ERT). Therefore, the subsidence sites have left surface impressions of circular holes varying in 4 to data gathered with a 2D-layout (consisting of surface and borehole data) have 6 meters in diameter and up to 6 m in depth. For each survey site, there is data to be inverted in 3D too. This approach allows for an exact replication of the real collection for multiple 2D Wenner electrical resistivity tomography profiles as well conditions, as the whole electrode surface is involved in the measurement. as overlying self-potential lines in order to correlate subsurface structure and corresponding groundwater flow information. Each survey targets the water table We evaluate the approach for a couple of artificial models using crossed-bipole and any vertical structures that may suggest upwelling of the groundwater into configurations. Moreover, we apply it to laboratory data from a well-defined unstable soils, as well as produce a correlation between particular soils and the layered box model using the borehole tool only. The inversion procedure sinkhole signature. The 2D ERT lines undergo a robust least-squares inversion accurately reconstructs the artificial model cases and is also able to recover the and collated to create a 3D resistivity model. laboratory model. 100 Vol 23, 1 2018
MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS ELECTRICAL METHODS II MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 258 PRESENTER/CONTACT: CONNOR ARMSTRONG EMAIL: [email protected] NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS C.J. Armstrong, Dept. of Geology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, C. Zhang, Dept. of Geology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, J. Jennings, Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence, KS 66045 The ability to monitor near-surface sediment and ground water for contaminants is vital. This task can be challenging, however with the use of various geophysical techniques it can be done. In this study, we examined how well organic contaminants can be detected using the geophysical method, SIP (Spectral Induced Polarization). Column containers were packed in the lab with 30 milliliters worth of varying ratios of deionized water, toluene (organic contaminant), pure quartz silica sand, and sodium-montmorillonite clay until fully saturated. SIP tests were conducted on the sediments in order to compare their corresponding impedance phase and magnitude values. Though data processing is still underway, we expect to calculate conductivity values from the impedance data in the hopes of forming a measurement of how contaminated the sediment is. This study could benefit the environment greatly when applied to the clean-up of harmful chemical spills. In addition, it may be highly useful to environmental and oil companies facing the problem of evaluating a contaminated area of the subsurface. This method could help quantify the volume of porous media contaminated, and the degree of contamination in order to keep their project area clean and cost-efficient. Vol 23, 1 2018 101
FLUID FLOW MONITORINGMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 60 efficient method that can achieve the desired soil strengthening with minimal MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ADRIEN DIMECH environmental impact and at large spatial scales. Successful field application EMAIL: [email protected] of soil strengthening methods involves in-situ verification. Direct sampling is expensive, invasive, time consuming and spatially/temporally limited. 3D TIME-LAPSE GEOELECTRICAL MONITORING Therefore, a robust monitoring method with high spatial and temporal OF MOISTURE CONTENT IN AN EXPERIMENTAL resolution is required. WASTE ROCK PILE: VALIDATION USING HYDROGEOLOGICAL DATA In this study we present results from a field MICP application at the Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site, at Rifle, CO. The site is suitable for MICP Adrien Dimech, École Polytechnique de Montréal; Michel studies due to the presence of ureolytic microbes and detailed subsurface Chouteau, École Polytechnique de Montréal; Michel Aubertin, École information. Microbial activity was stimulated with molasses, followed by Polytechnique de Montréal; Bruno Bussière, Université du Québec controlled urea injection. en Abitibi Témiscamingue; Vincent Martin, École Polytechnique de Montréal Microbes were captured from groundwater and from artificial sediments suspended in monitoring wells. Bacterial DNA was extracted, and a 16S rRNA The hydrogeological behaviour of heterogeneous and unsaturated media gene survey showed specific bacterial cohorts stimulated by injections in the can be challenging to assess, especially where classical hydrogeological field. Furthermore, chemical analysis showed increasing concentration of instrumentation can’t be directly applied - such as in the core of waste rock ammonia in the treated area. piles. In this paper, the authors will present the results of several 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography surveys carried out in 2017 for time-lapse monitoring of To track petrophysical changes within soil/water interface, induced polarization water infiltration events in an experimental waste rock pile. This pile was built (IP) monitoring was conducted. During the experiment subsurface IP images according to a new waste rock disposal method at the Lac Tio mine (RTFT, showed increasing phase values in the treatment area, consistent with the Québec, CA) which aims at diverting water flow from potentially reactive waste formation of a new mineral phase (carbonate?). In agreement to the IP images, rock, thus limiting metal leaching and contamination of the effluent. shear-wave velocity measurements increased, suggesting an increase in soil stiffness within the treatment area of interest. The pile has been instrumented with soil moisture sensors and lysimeters to monitor water content over time and collect percolating water. In addition, 192 Our results support the use of MICP in field scale soil strengthening buried electrodes are used to carry measurements every hour with an optimized applications, and confirm the applicability of geophysical methods as robust protocol of 1000 configurations uploaded on a Terrameter LS (ABEM) to monitor monitoring tools. internal flow of water applied on the top of the pile with a water truck. Time- lapse 3D ERT data were inverted using E4D (Johnson et al., 2010) to yield the Presentation No. 159 3D model of soil electrical resistivity over time before, during and after artificial PRESENTER/CONTACT: NORBERT KLITZSCH infiltration events in the pile. EMAIL: [email protected] While resistivity results show consistent variations associated with increased NUMERICAL STUDY ON CO2 LEAKAGE moisture content, conversion of soil resistivity into volumetric water content DETECTION USING ELECTRICAL STREAMING is not straightforward. This challenge is related, in part, to changes in the POTENTIAL (SP) DATA distribution of water resistivity over time in the pile, which in turn strongly affects soil resistivity. Laboratory column measurements have been conducted to Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen University; Henrik Büsing; assess the relationship between soil resistivity, water resistivity and moisture Christian Vogt, Schlumberger; Anozie Ebigbo, ETH Zürich content for samples from the pile. The 3D images of water content obtained with ERT will then be compared with hydrogeological measurements and modeling We study the feasibility of detecting carbon dioxide (CO2) movement in of the pile. A discussion will follow on the overburden of a storage reservoir due to CO2 leakage through an abandoned well by self-potential (SP) measurements at the surface. This Presentation No. 80 is achieved with three-dimensional numerical modeling of two-phase fluid PRESENTER/CONTACT: SINA SANEIYAN flow and electrokinetic coupling between flow and streaming potential. We EMAIL: [email protected] find that, in typical leakage scenarios, for leaky and/or injection wells with conductive metal casing, self-potential signals originating from injection can GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING OF MICROBIAL be identified at the surface. As the injection signal is also observed at the INDUCED CARBONATE PRECIPITATION (MICP) leaky well, SP monitoring can be applied for detecting abandoned wells. AT THE INTEGRATED FIELD RESEARCH However, leakage signals are much smaller than the injection signal and CHALLENGE (IFRC) SITE, AT RIFLE, CO thus masked by the latter. Sina Saneiyan, Rutgers University - Newark; Dimitrios We present three alternatives to overcome this problem: Ntarlagiannis, Rutgers University; Juliette Ohan , Oregon State University; Frederick Colwell, Oregon State University; Junghwoon • s imulate the streaming potential of the non-leaky scenario and subtract the Lee, Georgia Institute of Technology; Susan Burns, Georgia result from the measured streaming potential data; Institute of Technology • e xploit the symmetry of the injection signal by analyzing the potential Soil stabilization is essential in addressing problems related to foundation difference of dipoles with the dipole center at the injection well; or support, road construction and soil erosion. Stabilization methods aim to enhance soil stiffness typically through the formation of a new mineral phase • m easure SP during periods when the injection is interrupted. that will act as cementing agent. Microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a promising method where common soil borne microbes induce In our judgement, the most promising approach for detecting a real-world carbonate precipitation through ureolysis. MICP is an attractive cost- CO2 leakage is by combining methods (i) and (ii), because this would give the highest signal from the leakage and omit signals originating from the injection well (caused by e.g. corrosion). 102 Vol 23, 1 2018
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 17 the structure under investigation. The integrated techniques have provided MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: AHMED LACHHAB useful information that could be used as a quality control check and could assist EMAIL: [email protected] government to formulate appropriate policies to improve and standardize future asphalt pavement construction. BATHYMETRY AND SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION OF FAYLOR LAKE, PA USING A NEWLY Presentation No. 78 UPDATED ASSEMBLED GPR APPARATUS PRESENTER/CONTACT: NECTARIA DIAMANTI EMAIL: [email protected] Michael Sharer, Susquehanna University; Ahmed Lachhab, Susquehanna University MULTIPLE, CONCURRENT GPR DATA ACQUISITION: THE WARR MACHINE Accumulation of sediment in manmade reservoirs can be a major problem because it reduces the potential of water storage. Exploring a lake’s bathymetry Nectaria Diamanti, Sensors & Software Inc.; Peter Annan, Sensors with electromagnetic techniques is one way to identify the magnitude of & Software Inc. sediment accumulation in these reservoirs. In this study, the bathymetry and sediment accumulation of Faylor Lake; a man-made reservoir on Middle Creek GPR WARR (wide angle reflection and refraction) and the closely related near Troxelville, PA were explored with ground penetrating radar (GPR) using CMP (common-mid-point) soundings have been a standard survey method a 400MHz antenna. A newly redesigned assembled apparatus including a since GPR first existed. Earliest efforts demonstrated the variation in ice sheet GPR antenna operating with a sub-metric GPS system assembled on an velocity versus depth. While a valuable survey method, the technique has seen inflatable boat powered by an electrical trolling motor. Twenty-one segments little adoption. were acquired covered the surface of the entire reservoir has generated the bathymetry, the sub-bathymetry, the sediment load. An annual sediment Unlike seismic, commercial GPR systems with multiple concurrent data accumulation rate was also calculated for the period ranging between 1973 acquisition receivers have not existed. Multiple offset GPR data had to be to present. The study showed i) a bathymetry with a maximum depth of 4.5 m acquired using a single transmitting and receiving antenna pair moved to the near the dam, ii) a deposition of sediment taking place along the old channel of desired offset sequentially. With the recent advances in GPR timing and control Middle Creek and near the inlet and iii) the sedimentation gradually decreases technology, modern instrumentation with multiple concurrent sampling receivers toward the dam, ranging between 0 and 1.90 m in terms of bulk sediment enables continuous, rapid acquisition of WARR data. Two-dimensional reflection volume. surveys (i.e., simple, common offset profiles in the past) can now rapidly yield a multi-offset sounding at each recording station, providing WARR profiling at the Presentation No. 23 same speed as a standard, single fold GPR sounding. PRESENTER/CONTACT: FELIX AIWEKHOE EMAIL: [email protected] We have recently developed the first embodiment of a GPR WARR system called the WARR machine. We have dealt with design and implementation ASSESSMENT OF ASPHALT PAVEMENT challenges as well as the concomitant issues of dealing with large volumes of STRUCTURE USING INTEGRATED WARR data. The key conclusions derived from the initial in-field deployments GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES are that the approach is now viable, timing stability in distributed units is sufficiently reliable for multi-channel data to be merged, and that standardized Felix Aiwekhoe, University of Ibadan; Micheal Oladunjoye, work flow coupled to data processing is essential for the method to see broad University of Ibadan adoption. Pavement quality is a major concern to transport engineers, where the pavement thickness and sub-grade material are key items associated with the in-situ pavement conditions. Most pavement structure in Nigeria today fail few years after construction, hence they are of great concern to road users. However, the Ijebu-Ode Ibadan road in Southwestern Nigeria has been found stable for decades with little repair. Its stability has prompted an investigation using integrated geophysical techniques to assess its integrity. The study carried out on some selected portions of the 65 km asphalt pavement involves use of GSSI 400 MHz Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) equipment and electrical resistivity method of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger array. The 400 MHz antenna system was ran on seven longitudinal profiles with average length of 1.4 km along the selected portions of the road. The GPR data were analysed using Radan7 software to delineate pavement structure layers, defects and thicknesses. The VES was carried out on four of the seven profiles at 100 m interval between VES points to determine the composition of the sub-grade materials and the data analysed with Winrest software. Test pits were dug on the road and measurements of thickness of various layers were taken to validate the GPR results. The GPR data reveals that the pavement structure had three distinct layers which are the asphalt layer, base and sub-base with average thickness of 620 mm and was confirmed by the test pits result. The geo-electric sections obtained from the VES results revealed the geological composition of the sub- grade to be lateritic clay of varying thickness along the section which supports Vol 23, 1 2018 103
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR IIMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 86 only our original good day of data. Although the client was satisfied with the MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: NECTARIA DIAMANTI results, the project was undeniably a failure. EMAIL: [email protected] Mismatches between the geophysicist’s and client’s understanding of MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL acceptable site conditions can be significant and must be overcome. The PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE DURING THE art of saying that a method will not work under certain conditions without CURING PROCESS USING A VARIABLE compromising the client’s belief in geophysics as a practice is left up to the REFLECTOR WITH GPR contractor. We take this case study as an opportunity to share experiences about what did and did not work, and to highlight what we think we should do in Nectaria Diamanti, Sensors & Software Inc.; Peter Annan, Sensors the future. & Software Inc.; David Redman, Sensors & Software Inc. Presentation No. 198 Measurement of the electrical properties of materials that are heterogeneous PRESENTER/CONTACT: CHRISTOPHER BUCKMAN require that we use samples that are large compared to the spatial scale of EMAIL: [email protected] the heterogeneities. GPR can be an effective technology in this application, for samples that are large compared to the GPR antennas. We have USE OF GROUND PENETRATING RADAR TO developed a variable reflector whose reflectivity can be controlled by a GPR. EVALUATE HISTORICAL SITE GEOLOGIC DATA The GPR is placed on one side of a sample and the variable reflector on the opposite side. GPR traces are then acquired with the reflector in both Christopher Buckman, Wood Environment and Infrastructure the on and off state. By differencing these two measurements, we improve Solutions; Scott Calkin our ability to detect the reflection event. This method removes the direct wave and clutter from the trace, improving the quality of the refection event. Historical site investigation strategies have typically involved the installation of We have developed a prototype instrument (BP-1000) using this concept intrusive borings that are used to make decisions towards site characterization to measure large samples. The initial application of the instrument was to and modelling. The number of borings installed is a function of the site measure the moisture content of wood chips. Based on this initial testing, we objectives; however, the information gathered comes at a large time and have used the instrument to measure the electrical properties of concrete. budgetary expense. Digital geophysical mapping (DGM) has become a time- In cooperation with the University of Waterloo, we monitored of a concrete proven process to provide qualitative and quantitative subsurface information sample during the curing process. Concrete was poured into a 1 cubic foot for environmental investigations and used to develop site investigation and sample container and monitored continuously with the BP-1000 for a period remediation strategies. With increasing redevelopment and reuse of former of 105 days. The results that we will present, show the electromagnetic industrial sites, cost effective methods to adequately assess existing data wave velocity increasing rapidly during the first 10 days and then increasing sets have become increasingly more valuable. This can be achieved through linearly at a much slower rate for the following 95 days. The pulse amplitude the use of geophysical methods to validate existing data and models (e.g. increases at a more uniform rate. geologic cross sections) and to fill data gaps that may exist from previous investigations. At a site in southeast New Hampshire, a geophysical Presentation No. 190 investigation was employed to validate existing geologic cross sections in areas PRESENTER/CONTACT: KATHRYN DECKER where information between existing borings was needed and cross sections EMAIL: [email protected] were available. These cross sections were developed from intrusive borings to develop a conceptual site model of a complex geologic environment. The DIFFICULT TARGETS, DIFFICULT TERRAIN: complexity is due, in part, from structural faulting and high lateral and vertical A GPR SURVEY GONE AWRY heterogeneity within overburden sediments. The employed ground penetrating radar investigation was effective in validating multiple geologic interpretations Kathryn Decker, Hager GeoScience, Inc.; Myles Danforth, Hager with detail difficult to achieve using standard drilling or sampling techniques. GeoScience, Inc. When properly integrated and sequenced, these surveys can reduce costs, improve project efficiency, and enhance subsurface detail without the use of Preparations were laid for a GPR survey to image angled wooden piles additional intrusive means of site characterization. supporting electrical towers in Long Beach, California. Despite the expected difficulty of identifying wood in a potentially-brackish environment, our previous successes in similar conditions and preliminary calculations based on as-built drawings suggested it was possible to achieve the project goals. Once on site, it was obvious that surface conditions were not ideal. Major differences between actual construction and as-built plans were also uncovered during excavation that took place while we were in transit, invalidating original calculations and casting into doubt the likelihood of survey success. Despite the potential for failure, we worked with the client for ground improvement and collected a full day of data before record- breaking rainfall began. After the former dirt lot turned into a small retention pond, quicksand areas expanded despite best efforts to improve the site. Following long discussions with the client, we decided to continue the survey regardless. Time and budget constraints precluded a second mobilization, and good preliminary results from the first day’s work gave us hope. Following the survey, every available processing technique was attempted to model GPR data collected after the rain, but to no avail. We were left with 104 Vol 23, 1 2018
GROUND PENETRATING RADAR IIMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 208 Presentation No. 255 MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: RYAN NORTH PRESENTER/CONTACT: ALEKSEY KHAMZIN EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF 3D-GPR SYSTEM ATTENUATION OF GPR SIGNALS IN HIGHLY FOR VARIOUS CIVIL ENGINEERING TASKS MAGNETIC SOILS AT THE NATIONAL MEMORIAL CEMETERY OF THE PACIFIC, Aleksey Khamzin, Infrasense, Inc.; Ken Maser, Infrasense, Inc.; HONOLULU, HI Keith Sorota, Infrasense, Inc.; Charles Holzschuher, Florida Department of Transportation Ryan North, US Army Engineer Research & Development Center; Samantha Lucker, US Army Engineer Research & Development As a part of Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2), the Florida Center Department of Transportation is interested in exploring the capabilities of a novel 3D-Radar system for a broad range of civil engineering tasks. A step- Attenuation of ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals is usually attributed frequency array system was utilized as a primary inspection tool in a pilot to some combination of salt, water, or clays in the subsurface. The potential project for a wide range of applications, such as evaluation of bridge deck for magnetic properties of the soils being a significant contributor to the conditions, detection of stripping and delaminations, delineation of subsidence attenuation is usually ignored, and rightly so for many locations. Several zones, pavement material thickness evaluation, grouting columns monitoring, published geophysical surveys performed at the National Memorial Cemetery evaluation of dowel bar alignment, etc. Test sites were identified, and two of the Pacific, also known as the Punchbowl, demonstrated very poor results rounds of data collection were performed. Collected data were used to develop and were used as an argument against geophysics as a tool for forensic post processing and data analysis procedures for effective analysis and surveys. The Punchbowl is a volcanic cinder cone located in Honolulu, HI evaluation of results. The research outcomes will be used by the Florida DOT that was converted to an armed forces cemetery. An attempt to explain this to assess the effectiveness of the proposed equipment capabilities; explore the documented poor performance is presented here where a series of fortuitous potential implementation of technique for routine testing; compare the 3D-Radar events allowed for a unique data collection. The lead author happened to system performance to currently adopted NDT systems; identify areas be in Honolulu during a layover between fieldwork with his GPR equipment needing improvement. The presentation encompasses a variety of performed at the same time that a number of disinterments were occurring. While the engineering tasks, advantages of the utilized approach over using convenient graves were open, magnetic susceptibility profiles were measured in six testing methods, overall potential of the employed GPR system, and capabilities graves and soil samples were collected at up to five depths. GPR profiles of proprietary software (3dr Examiner). were collected along a number of profiles that crossed the open graves as well as common midpoint (CMP) surveys in the center of the profiles with 250, 500, and 1000 GHz antennas. Laboratory measurements of the complex permittivity, permeability and conductivity of the soils were performed to allow the calculation of the GPR velocity and attenuation. The results of these lab and field measurements will be presented in an attempt to quantify GPR performance at this highly magnetic site. Presentation No. 250 105 PRESENTER/CONTACT: BARRY ALLRED EMAIL: [email protected] APPLICATION OF GPR INTEGRATED WITH RTK/GPS FOR MAPPING DRAINAGE PIPES AT AN AGRICULTURAL TEST PLOT FACILITY IN BELTSVILLE, MARYLAND Barry Allred, USDA/ARS Soil Drainage Research Unit Ground penetrating radar (GPR) integrated with real time kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK/GPS) technology was employed to map buried drainage pipes at an agricultural test plot facility in Beltsville, Maryland. The total area of the test plots surveyed was 5 ha and was covered by loam classified soils. Approximately 3000 meters of GPR-RTK/GPS transect data were collected at the test plots. The GPR antennas had a center frequency of 250 MHz. Latitude and longitude coordinates for the GPR drainage pipe responses were superimposed on an aerial image of the site to provide insight on the subsurface drainage pipe pattern. The GPR-RTK/GPS results clearly indicate that drain lines trended northeast-southwest in the western portion of the test plot facility, and the drain lines trended northwest-southeast in the eastern portion of the test plot facility. There is also a greater amount of reflected radar energy from the soil profile in the eastern test plots versus the western test plots, which may indicate that the soil profile is less sandy in the western portion of the test plot facility as compared to the eastern portion. Overall, GPR integrated with RTK/GPS proved very effective for characterizing subsurface drainage at this particular site. Vol 23, 1 2018
MISSISSIPPI AQUIFER INVESTIGATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PROCESSESMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 76 shallow geophysical logs that intersect the surficial aquifer, mainly because MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: RYAN ADAMS the surficial aquifer is not of interest to most oil and gas exploration activities. EMAIL: [email protected] When the initial hydrogeologic framework of the MAP groundwater system was developed, the information between these sparse (and often incomplete) borings WATERBORNE-GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS TO was extrapolated over large areas, an assumption that can oversimplify the MAP CHARACTERIZE STREAMBED SEDIMENTS FOR groundwater system in unrepresentative ways. An enhanced characterization of IMPROVING HYDROLOGIC FRAMEWORKS the shallow hydrogeologic framework (upper ~250m) of the MAP groundwater system is required to improve forecasts of water sustainability at regional and Ryan Adams, U.S. Geological Survey; Wade Kress, U.S. Geological site-specific scales. Survey; Burke Minsley, USGS; Benjamin Miller, U.S. Geologic Survey; Craig Moulton, U.S. Geological Survey Six east-west regional-scale profiles of time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) measurements each comprising 10-20 TDEM soundings and spanning 100-200 An existing groundwater flow model of a regional aquifer system underlying part km were conducted in the MAP study area, approximately traverse to the synclinal of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) uses streambed hydraulic conductivity axis of the Mississippi embayment. The profiles were spaced north to south at values that were determined through model calibration. Preliminary results about 100 km intervals, representing a total area of nearly 100,000 sq. km. TDEM from uncertainty and data-worth analysis showed that streambed hydraulic is capable of measuring the electrical resistivity structure of the subsurface, which conductivity is a forecast-sensitive parameter –uncertainty in the model input helps distinguish geologic units that possess different electrical properties. We resulted in low confidence in the ability of the model to forecast groundwater- have compiled TDEM soundings for these profiles and correlated the geophysical surface water interaction and groundwater levels. Reducing uncertainty in both data with borehole data to refine understanding of the 3D aquifer structure for this types of forecasts is possible by better characterizing the hydraulic properties of portion of the MAP study area. In addition, these initial TDEM data will be used to the streambed through field-level studies. guide the survey design and planning of a large airborne electromagnetic survey of the MAP region that will begin in early 2018. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has completed waterborne-continuous resistivity profiling along 1,100 kilometers (km) of streams that lie within the Presentation No. 146 groundwater model domain to characterize streambed hydraulic conductivity PRESENTER/CONTACT: CAROLE JOHNSON values. Lithologic samples from streams and boreholes in the study area showed EMAIL: [email protected] a positive relation between resistivity and sediment grain size. These data can be used to map changes in lithology of the streambed and identify areas of IMPROVING ESTIMATES OF AQUIFER groundwater-surface water interaction. Resistivity data were modeled using a PROPERTIES IN THE MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL one-dimensional laterally-constrained inversion. The thickness and resistivity of PLAIN USING BOREHOLE AND SURFACE the water column were constrained in the inversion using depth and conductivity NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE information from an echosounder and a water-quality sonde. Resistivity profiles of each stream were used to identify boundaries of major geomorphological features Carole Johnson, USGS; Rheannon Hart, USGS; Stephanie Phillips, and lateral and vertical variations in the lithologic properties of the streambed. USGS; Wade Kress, U.S. Geological Survey; John Lane, USGS; M. Currently, resistivity-hydraulic conductivity relations from published sources outside Andy Kass, Dept. of Geoscience, Aarhus University; Burke Minsley, of the study area are being used to translate resistivities to estimated streambed USGS hydraulic conductivity for input into the regional groundwater model. Future work will consist of downhole permeameter and borehole nuclear magnetic resonance Borehole and surface nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) geophysical data logging tests that will establish a local relation between resistivity and hydraulic were collected as part of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) regional water conductivity within the study area. The resistivity data from this study have also availability investigation of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP). NMR methods been used to aid biological site assessments and facilitate planning and placement were used to estimate hydraulic properties and characterize subsurface of water-control structures. hydrostratigraphy. Results were compared to logs from other geophysical methods including borehole gamma, electrical-resistivity, and electromagnetic- Presentation No. 140 induction; transient electromagnetics (TEM); and waterborne electrical PRESENTER/CONTACT: BENJAMIN BLOSS resistivity. Slim-borehole NMR tools were used in polyvinyl chloride-cased wells EMAIL: [email protected] to measure hydraulic properties in the formation surrounding the borehole, including total-, mobile-, and bound-water contents, estimates of pore-size IMPROVING THE HYDROGEOLOGIC distribution, and hydraulic conductivity with depth. Conventional gamma and FRAMEWORK OF THE MISSISSIPPI electric logs were complementary to the NMR and used for quality assurance. ALLUVIAL PLAIN USING TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETICS Surface NMR (sNMR) measurements were made at several sites near Money, MS using a variety of circular and figure-eight loops with sensitivity to depths Drew Thayer, U.S. Geological Survey; Benjamin Bloss, U.S. of 30-60 m. The sNMR data produced estimates of volumetric water content Geological Survey; Burke Minsley, USGS; Paul Bedrosian, US and pore-size distribution. The interpreted hydrostratigraphic layers from the Geological Survey; Carole Johnson, USGS; Eric White, USGS; sNMR measurements were consistent with the presence and thickness of a Katherine Pappas, USGS; Colin Sweeney, USGS; Wade Kress, U.S. confining-type unit overlying a more coarse-grained aquifer and were validated Geological Survey by observations from nearby boreholes and TEM surveys. The current characterization of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) groundwater It is important to collect multiple types of geophysical data to constrain the system is built on hydrogeologic frameworks that rely on information gained many possible characterizations of the subsurface. The combined multi- at sparsely distributed individual borehole locations. Extensive local borehole technique dataset is useful to assess quality of data from an individual method, geophysical information exists for some hydrogeologic units underlying the MAP, interpret hydrostratigraphy, and constrain relationships between geophysical particularly in areas of oil and gas exploration. However, borehole geophysical measurements and aquifer properties. In this study, NMR results will be information with regard to the surficial Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer compared to resistivity values from airborne and land-based TEM or waterborne (MRVAA) tends to be sparse. It is not uncommon to see the truncation of electrical resistivity surveys. The goal of the comparison is to establish a relation 106 Vol 23, 1 2018
MISSISSIPPI AQUIFER INVESTIGATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PROCESSESMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS between resistivity and NMR results and facilitate development of a petrophysical in water levels. Magnitude and timing of recharge to the alluvial aquifer from MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS relationship between the resistivity and hydraulic conductivity. Resistivity values major river channels in the region are primary sources of uncertainty and key could then be used as a cost-effective surrogate for aquifer hydraulic conductivity components needed to manage the aquifer resource. Variability in bed sediments values input into regional groundwater models. along the rivers’ longitudinal profile has recently been mapped based on riverbed conductance measured using geophysical methods to identify reaches where a Presentation No. 227 river and the alluvial aquifer are connected. PRESENTER/CONTACT: WADE KRESS EMAIL: [email protected] In this study an irrigation well that fully penetrates the MRVAA and is located along the banks of the Tallahatchie River near Money, MS was selected EVALUATING GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONTROLS to investigate the degree of connection between the river and the aquifer. ON AQUIFER RECHARGE USING CONTINUOUS Subsurface geophysical characterization was accomplished using terrestrial and RESISTIVITY PROFILING METHODS waterborne continuous resistivity profiling (CRP), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. A field-scale Wade Kress, U.S. Geological Survey; Jason Payne, USGS; three-dimensional hydrogeophysical framework of the river-aquifer system Benjamin Miller, U.S. Geologic Survey; Madison Kymes, Mississippi was developed using the terrestrial CRP and ERT data. Grain-size analysis Department of Environmental Quality of borehole samples was used to relate resistivity to soil texture to produce a simplified three-layer framework for subsequent numerical modeling. Waterborne In order to determine representative values of recharge to the Mississippi River CRP measurements show moderate to high resistivities throughout the Valley alluvial aquifer, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) leveraged existing Tallahatchie River, and these values were used to correlate riverbed sediments datasets that focused on the geomorphology of Quaternary deposits and local soil to adjacent model layers created from the terrestrial data. The resulting high- surveys. At a regional scale, recharge in an existing groundwater flow model of the resolution hydrogeological framework will be used to analyze aquifer response to study area correlates well with large-scale geomorphological features. However, a constant rate pumping test (150 liters per second for 72 hours) with continuous it is difficult to extrapolate the spatial variability in recharge based on mapped data from 15 monitoring wells installed in a radial configuration from 5 meters to geomorphology. Higher-resolution data like soil-survey data provide the means to 300 meters from the irrigation well. assign spatially-heterogeneous estimates of recharge. Soil-survey data, however, often focus on the upper soil horizon (within 1.8 m of the land surface) and may Presentation No. 229 not reflect the general geomorphological features upon which the soils lie. In 2016, PRESENTER/CONTACT: WADE KRESS the USGS, as part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) project, conducted a EMAIL: [email protected] terrestrial continuous resistivity profiling (terrestrial-CRP) survey to characterize the near-surface ( < 1 5 m) lithology that controls recharge to the alluvial aquifer at COUPLING GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING selected locations in north-western Mississippi. WITH GEOPHYSICAL MAPPING TO ASSESS WATER AVAILABILITY IN THE MISSISSIPPI The terrestrial-CRP surveys identified important variations in shallow subsurface ALLUVIAL PLAIN geoelectrical properties from Money to Steiner, Mississippi; a distance of approximately 68 km. Geomorphological features in the study area had distinct Wade Kress, U.S. Geological Survey; Brian Clark, US Geological ranges of resistivities that were used to identify boundaries of individual geomorphic Survey; Jeannie Barlow, US Geological Survey features. Abandoned channels of the Mississippi River and back swamp deposits had relatively low resistivities due to the high clay content indicating a The Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) is one of the most important agricultural lower potential for recharge. Conversely, because of the increased sand content, regions in the United States, and crop productivity relies on groundwater irrigation abandoned courses of the Mississippi River and point bar deposits of other streams from a system that is poorly understood. Withdrawals from the Mississippi River and rivers resulted in higher resistivities and a higher potential for recharge. Point Valley alluvial aquifer have resulted in substantial groundwater-level declines bar deposits along the Tallahatchie River were relatively heterogeneous and had and reductions in baseflow in streams within the MAP. Accurate assessments the highest overall resistivities indicating the highest potential for recharge. Drilling of water availability in the MAP region are important for making well-informed logs from nearby boreholes confirmed that type and changes in lithology correlated management decisions about agricultural sustainability, establishing best practices positively with the resistivity profiles. to ensure future crop production, and predicting changes to the regional water system over the next 50-100 years. To provide stakeholders and managers with Presentation No. 228 information and tools to better understand and manage available water resources, PRESENTER/CONTACT: WADE KRESS a regional water-availability project focusing on the MAP was funded by the U.S. EMAIL: [email protected] Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Science Program (WAUSP). The MAP project couples groundwater flow modeling with geophysical mapping to HYDROGEOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION improve the characterization of the alluvial aquifer water resources. The initial ALONG THE TALLAHATCHIE RIVER IN work leverages an existing groundwater flow model and evaluates improvements THE MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL PLAIN WITH in model forecasts gained as uncertainty of the model inputs decreases, where IMPLICATIONS FOR NATURAL AND ENHANCED model inputs evaluated include aquifer recharge, groundwater/surface-water AQUIFER RECHARGE exchange, hydrogeologic framework, and aquifer properties. To improve the cost efficiency of future data collection, potential additional data are evaluated Wade Kress, U.S. Geological Survey; Burke Minsley, USGS; James within the groundwater flow model for their ability to reduce uncertainty in model Rigby, US Department of Agriculture ARS; Jeannie Barlow, US forecasts. This type of analysis, known as data worth analysis, is being used to Geological Survey prioritize geophysical mapping efforts so that the data collected is most valuable to model-simulated future conditions. Such analyses can be repeated as necessary Groundwater from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (MRVAA) is the as new societal concerns arise and as new understanding of the MAP system is primary source for agricultural irrigation across the lower Mississippi Alluvial Plain gained. By coupling the modeling and mapping through this iterative process, an (MAP) that covers portions of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and improved representation of the alluvial aquifer water resources will be available to Tennessee. Demand for groundwater has outpaced recharge in many areas of more accurately represent groundwater flow in the system. Arkansas and Mississippi and has resulted in widespread, consistent declines Vol 23, 1 2018 107
MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS POSTER SESSION I MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 5 PRESENTER/CONTACT: GHASSAN ALSULAIMAI EMAIL: [email protected] ACQUISITION OF ACTIVE MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) DATA IN KARST TERRAIN Ghassan Alsulaimai, Missouri University of Science & Technology & Saudi Geological Survey, Rafat Ghandoura, Saudi Geological Survey Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is a non-destructive seismic surface wave method that is used for subsurface characterization using shear wave velocities. The shear wave velocities of near surface are of fundamental interest in many environmental and engineering studies. The knowledge of shear wave velocities is especially important for assessing sites in karst terrain with a complex topography. In this study, Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and bore hole data were acquired in southwestern Missouri with the goal of developing an optimum MASW array configuration that can be used to image subsurface in complex karst terrain. To accomplish the goal, the MASW data were collected using different array configurations. The qualitative and quantitative data analyses were performed. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that 2.5ft receiver spacing and 10ft source offset of MASW array configuration is the most suitable to image the subsurface to a depth of approximately 30ft. With respect to the MASW array orientation, it was found that the MASW data acquired in N-S direction are of a better quality that those acquired in W-E direction. 108 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 40 Presentation No. 41 MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: BENJAMIN SEIDERMAN PRESENTER/CONTACT: RADHIKA SANGANI EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] STRUCTURE OF MINA DEFLECTION IN USING HORIZONTAL TO VERTICAL SPECTRAL MONO LAKE, CA: IMPLICATIONS FOR RATIO (HVSR) TECHNIQUE TO MAP BEDROCK PALEOSEISMOLOGY TOPOGRAPHY, KALAMAZOO COUNTY, MI Radhika Sangani Benjamin Seiderman, Western Michigan University Walker Lane, a zone of transcurrent faulting along the Sierran range front, is The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) technique was used to dominated by NNW trending normal faults (Ryall and Priestly, 1975). Within the map bedrock topography in the Portage and Schoolcraft NW 7.5-minute Walker Lane, the Mina Deflection is a region of structural anomaly, where a quadrangles, Kalamazoo County, MI. The study area is dominated by glacial significant component of regional displacement (Oldow et al., 2001) and landforms and deposits due to multiple advances and retreats of the Laurentide seismicity (Ryall and Priestly, 1975) is transferred from NNW-trending faults to Ice Sheet (LIS). The objective for this study was to locate any tunnel valleys ENE-trending faults of the Excelsior-Coledale domain. Geographically, the hidden in this area. Tunnel valleys are erosional features formed by subglacial western boundary of the Mina Deflection lies along the western margin of Mono meltwater, which can sometimes incise down into bedrock. Some can be Basin. This is kinematically implied by the distributed tensional and shear stress identified by linear surface depressions. Aquifers may also be located within in the NNW- and ENE- trending faults of the region. Transfer of strain from the these features, making tunnel valleys valuable water resources. The HVSR NNW-trending, right-lateral oblique slip faults to the ENE-trending, primarily left- method measures the ratio of horizontal to vertical ground motion over a wide lateral faults is poorly understood. The nature of this transfer is complicated by range of frequencies, excited by ambient seismic noise, resulting in a peak at the presence of the young volcanics of Mono Lake right at the stepover bend. the resonance frequency, which is used to determine the sediment thickness. Recordings were taken at 308 locations using a three-component Tromino Zero Detailed study of the sub-km scale geometry and kinematics of the NNW to 3G seismometer. Sediment thicknesses were calculated using a calibration ENE stepover bend of the Mina Deflection within Mono Lake in the Holocene, curve empirically derived from the relationship between sediment thickness and and its relation to nearby recent magmatic fluid flow within the Mono Lake resonance frequency at 13 control wells. This relationship is given by the power volcanics motivated the present research. By studying the slip rates and ages of law regression equation Z = af0b, where the constants a and b were most recent events (MRE) in this region, I look at the strain transfer between determined to be 99.909 and -1.393, respectively. Results of this investigation faulting and volcanic events. Through this study, I propose a model for the reveal bedrock relief of 370 ft (112 m), including bedrock valleys in both regional tectonics that is a product of the structural and magmatic influences. quadrangles. Within the Schoolcraft NW quad, a bedrock valley with sharp relief is located under a linear trend of surface depressions and lakes, oriented parallel to the direction of ice flow from the Saginaw Lobe of the LIS (NE-SW). In the Portage quad, however, a bedrock valley is found to be oriented NW-SE, perpendicular to Saginaw Lobe flow direction. The origin of this valley is unknown, but could be a remnant of pre-glacial terrain. Vol 23, 1 2018 109
POSTER SESSION IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 44 range of 0.9 - 1.4 m and multiple chaotic, non-parallel reflectors horizon. VES MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: BO WANG results show system of two to four geo-electric layers comprising; topsoil, EMAIL: [email protected] saturated clay, and fractured/fresh basement. POLARIZATION MIGRATION OF Delineated layers for both geophysical methods show some degree of MULTI-COMPONENT SEISMIC DETECTION correlation. The relatively shallow depth and high water retentive capacity of IN THE TUNNEL OF MOUNTAIN CITIES the second layer accounts for its usage for farming at the peak of dry season. Bo Wang, China University of Mining and Technology; Biao Jin Presentation No. 51 PRESENTER/CONTACT: CYRIL SCHAMPER With the development of transportation in the west of China, tunnel construction EMAIL: [email protected] in mountain cities is becoming very important and widespread. Tunneling safety in the tunnels is usually controlled by faults, and the advanced prediction AN OPEN-ACCESS PYTHON INTERFACE FOR of faults by seismic detection method has become a research hotspot in the INVERSION, SENSITIVITY AND EQUIVALENCE field of engineering geophysics. Unlike seismic exploration on the ground, ANALYSIS OF TDEM DATA the sources and geophones are not properly arranged due to the limitation of the tunnel detection space, so as to cause migration artefacts problem in the Cyril Schamper, Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR 7619 METIS; process of advanced migration imaging. The problem results in inaccurate Cécile Finco, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC; Fayçal Rejiba, imaging of the faults. To solve the problem, this article proposed a polarization Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR 7619 METIS migration method. The method makes use of the polarization characteristic of three-component seismic signals. The principal polarization direction is Many software for 1D (and sometimes laterally constrained) inversion of calculated by Hilbert transform and complex covariance matrix analysis. A Time Domain ElectroMagnetic (TDEM) data already exist. However, most weighted function of the principal polarization direction factor is incorporated of them lack of sensitivity and equivalence analysis which are generally into the migration calculation. To verify the effectiveness of the polarization implemented in non-user-friendly programs that can be used by experts of migration method, this article carried out numerical simulation and physical TDEM only. simulation. Test results demonstrate that the artefacts were eliminated by the polarization migration, and occurrence parameters of faults, such as dip With the newly developed Python based interface, calling Fortran based codes and trend were calculated accurately. The field detection case shows that and gathering different algorithms presented in the literature, we propose an seismic advanced prediction which is based on polarization migration provided easy access code which allows geophysicists to make: (1) forward modeling parameters of faults in the front of the tunnel face with 100m, and the distance with configurable segmented Tx loop, acquisition altitude, emission waveform, error is less than 2m, and the dip error is less than 3°, which ensures efficient and cut-off frequency for the reception (Butterworth filter), above a layered and safe construction of tunneling. ground with electrical resistivity, magnetic viscosity, and complex conductivity for polarization (Cole-Cole model); (2) depth of investigation estimation; (3) Presentation No. 49 inversion of single sounding or successive soundings selected on a map (for PRESENTER/CONTACT: OMOBOLA AKINRINOLA now only TEMFAST data format handled); and (4) equivalence analysis using a EMAIL: [email protected] neighborhood algorithm. INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION Those possibilities allows the use of the program for: preliminary sensitivity FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROMORPHIC analysis prior to a survey for either ground-based or airborne acquisition setup; SOIL IN PART OF SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA geometry and acquisition settings design to focus the sensitivity on the target of interest; theoretical analysis of the almost entire equivalence space to evaluate Omobola Akinrinola, University of Ibadan; Micheal Oladunjoye, the degree of incertitude on the different ground parameters; the analysis of University of Ibadan the combined effects of most of the electromagnetic properties, which become stronger when considering metric TDEM devices; and more generally inversion Hydromorphic soil otherwise known as valley bottom soils have potentials for high of single sounding or data sets constituted of tens of soundings. and sustainable agricultural production due to their inherent characteristics of shallow water, deposition, accumulation of organic matter and residual available This Python interface is intended to evolve for handling as many configurations moisture for farming. However, hydromorphic soils have been little studied and as possible for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of TDEM capacities for under-utilized in Nigeria. Integrated geophysical investigation was conducted any custom acquisition setup. on a hydromorphic soil in part of Southwestern Nigeria to determine subsurface geometry, lithologies and water table in relation to its agricultural significance. Non-invasive geophysical methods which include GSSI GPR equipment with 400MH antennas system and one dimensional electric resistivity survey involving VES were employed. Eleven GPR data were collected in the W – E direction, six in N – S direction at different lengths with 20 m inter profile spacing. Twenty-eight VES were conducted within the study area with current electrode ranging from 2.0 m to maximum of 150 m using Schlumberger array GPR data was processed using Radan 7 software while VES data was subjected to iteration using WINDRESIS software. The GPR radar sections show three different horizons which include: sub- parallel reflections horizon assumed to be reworked topsoil with thickness ranging from 0.2-0.3 m, low amplitude continuous and weak reflections horizon indicating attenuated signal because of high moisture content with a thickness 110 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 70 Presentation No. 85 MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: SHENGDONG LIU PRESENTER/CONTACT: STEVE SAVILLE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] CROSS-HOLE TOMOGRAPHY FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN UNDERGROUND KARST CAVE UNDERWATER ADVANCED TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEM Shengdong Liu; Jun Zhang; Bo Wang, China University of Mining and Technology Steve Saville, CH2M Hill; Bart Hoekstra, Geometrics; Thomas Bell With the rapid development of urban subway projects, underground engineering Poster will present an update as of Summer 2017 on a multi-year project to accident accidents induced by bad geological bodies dominated by karst develop and perform Underwater Advanced Time-Domain Electromagnetic caves emerge constantly. This study mainly focuses on karst caves which are System for the detection and classification of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) in underground at depths of within 50m and can significantly affect engineering the marine environment. This project is funded by the Environmental Security construction activity. In the characteristics of geophysical fields, karst caves Technology Certification Program (ESTCP). are characterized by relative resistivity anomaly and wave impedance anomaly. Therefore, the resistivity method and elastic wave detection technology can Problem Statement be used for geophysical prospecting of karst caves. In the condition of urban complex shallow geological and complex construction environment, the Over 400 underwater sites have been identified by the U.S. Army Corps of conventional geophysical methods cannot meet the requirements of high- Engineers and the U. S. Navy as potentially containing munitions. The cost to precision detection of small-scale, inhomogeneous complex geological bodies. characterize underwater sites is significantly greater than performing the same The methods of cross-hole seismic tomography and cross-hole resistivity activities for terrestrial sites. Current technologies allow for detection of metallic tomography are used for the detection of urban underground karst caves in this items in the underwater environment but there are currently no underwater paper. The results show that the methods of cross-hole seismic tomography systems for characterization. Characterization currently performed through and cross-hole resistivity tomography can meet the requirements of fine expensive and time-consuming process of manual inspection by Explosive imaging of inhomogeneous complex geological bodies; the karst cave shows Ordnance Detonation (EOD) experienced divers. a low velocity anomaly zone in the cross-hole seismic tomography; the karst cave can shows low resistivity characteristics ; karst caves with different fillings Technical Objective can present different resistivity characteristics ; an air filled karst cave shows higher resistivity characteristics than a slurry mixture filled karst cave, and this The overall objective of the project being presented is to design, build and property will be helpful to interpret the filling property of karst caves; combined demonstrate an underwater advanced time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) with the cross-hole seismic tomography and cross-hole resistivity tomography system for cued classification of UXO in the underwater environment. profile, the size, location and filling property of the karst cave can be well The emphasis of this project is to design a system that can demonstrate detected. This method carried out in 570 holes in the karst cave exploration of classification effectiveness in the marine environment (as opposed to Hangzhou to Fuyang inter-city subway has achieved good results, and guided solving longer term issues such as positioning, deployment methods, the construction safety of the project. system rigor). The phased approach consists of initial design and modeling (Phase 1 – completed), engineering design and construction (Phase 2 – Presentation No. 84 completed), underwater evaluation of the system (Phase 3 – completed), PRESENTER/CONTACT: ALAN MORGAN and an optional Phase 4 demonstration of the system at a field site (to be EMAIL: [email protected] completed in 2018). AVOIDANCE OF HYPOGENIC KARST CAVERNS In addition to summarizing Performance Objectives to date, this poster will FOR OIL AND GAS DRILLING THOUGH THE USE describe the sensor system designed, constructed, and tested. OF FULL TENSOR GRAVITY GRADIOMETRY DATA Alan Morgan, Bell Geospace; Scott Payton, Bell Geospace; Greg Jorgensen, Flat Irons Geophysics; Kevin Stafford, Stephen F. Austin State University Surface topography often dictates where oil and gas drilling pads are placed primarily due to the economics of site preparation. Sites with flat topography require less fill material and are chosen in favor of sites with sloping relief. Many surficially-expressed karst features are avoided by drilling pad site selection over flat terrain, but not all subsurface karst manifestations are avoided as per drilling fluid losses encountered by multiple boreholes from two pad sites within the Delaware Basin of West Texas. Full Tensor Gradiometry is used to map out dissolution trends within the Rustler and Castile formations and also high grade lower risk drilling pad sites for future drilling. Data indicate spatial trends consistent with previously documented karst development and have been interpreted to represent solutional karst porosity, either open caves/ cavern systems or brecciated zones. Vol 23, 1 2018 111
POSTER SESSION IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 98 Presentation No. 102 MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: MICHAEL SHARER PRESENTER/CONTACT: AO SONG EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] SUBSURFACE ANALYSIS USING ELECTRICAL NEW SEISMIC PREDICTION OF GEOLOGICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY (ERT) TO STRUCTURES AHEAD OF THE TUNNEL USING IDENTIFY CHANGES IN THE HYDRAULIC REFLECTION WAVE GRADIENT OF AN ALLUVIAL AQUIFER AT MONTANDON, PA Ao Song; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences; Bing Song Michael Sharer, Susquehanna University; Ahmed Lachhab, Susquehanna University As a special underground building structure, more attention has been given to the tunnel. The uncertainty in rock structure, such as faults, may have Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) methods were used to determine a significant influence on the schedule and safety of the tunneling project. the impact on groundwater hydrology due the placement of a slurry wall Characterized by wide detection range and high resolution, the tunnel at Montandon, PA. ERT surveys used 1) 0.5-m spacing and 2) roll-along seismic detection prediction has become a major technique . Conventional technique with 1-m spacing both in standard dipole-dipole array. The approaches, for instance, Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP), are based on surveys are directed to the exploration of how the slurry wall is impacting reflection data from the tunnel wall to detect the rock structure in front of the the groundwater field with high-resolution due to perpendicular S-N and E-W tunnel; however, there are indispensable disadvantages, such as low spatial oriented transects. The perpendicular survey performed 3 meters south of resolution, less reflection information, none-unique interpretation and difficulty the center of the slurry wall, intersects at 113 meters of the S-N transect. With in identifying refection wave.In this paper, we propose a new method-Tunnel this spacing, the survey has identified the low resistivity slurry wall and its Seismic Reflection Prediction-to tackle the problems above. A numerical connection to bedrock. The change of the hydraulic gradients on each side stimulation of wave field has been conducted to analyze the merits and of the slurry wall is a direct implication of the wall. Four hydraulic discharges demerits of conventional methods. On this basis, we put forward the new data were calculated using horizontal and vertical hydrologic conductivity (K) values. acquisition method with observation system deployed on the tunnel face; and Due to the fractured limestone, it allowed for horizontal flow beneath the simultaneously, not only the feasibility, limitation and data processing mode of slurry wall between the alluvial formation and the bedrock. The 195 roll-along the method, but also the wave field characteristics and the processing mode of survey was performed at 5 m west of the slurry wall with 1-m spacing. With this the forward data have been analyzed. Based on forward results, this method resolution, the following results were determined: 1) A discontinuity within the has been applied to the acquisition and processing experimental research of electrical resistivity field confirming the heterogeneity of the alluvial aquifer; 2) actual data. By analyzing the forward data and actual data, we find that the the high saturation and the increase of the total head on the side where water reflection data obtained by this method has characteristics of strong energy, is impeded by the slurry wall is changing the hydraulic gradient of the site. high signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. Moreover, it is easy to identify The ERT has successfully visualized these zones and enabled the hydraulic the reflection information of the geographical bodies, which is conductive to discharges to be calculated for areas of interest within the survey. The study the processing of data and location of the abnormal geographical bodies. Our has quantified the impact of the slurry wall on the hydraulic gradient and approach has been verified successfully in a field experiment. theorized the probability of reverse groundwater hydrology. 112 Vol 23, 1 2018
TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE IMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 3 performance, while requiring fewer site visits. We present data delivered by MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: JORGEN BERGSTROM a novel, pro-active infrastructure monitoring and evaluation (PRIME) system. EMAIL: [email protected] It is built around low-cost electrical resistivity tomography instrumentation, combined with integrated geotechnical logging capability, and coupled with CREATING A COMPLETE 3D PICTURE OF THE data telemetry. An automated data processing and analysis workflow is being WORLD ABOVE AND BELOW BY INTEGRATING developed to streamline information delivery. 3D SUBSURFACE UTILITY ENGINEERING, LIDAR, AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY The hardware component of the system has been operational at a number of field sites associated with a range of natural and engineered slopes for up Jorgen Bergstrom, GEL Geophysics; Matthew Wolf, GEL to two years. We report on the monitoring results from these sites, and focus Geophysics on an operational railway cutting, which has a history of slope instabilities; a relict landslide is situated in the center of the monitoring area, which is Front end design for infrastructure projects whether at private industrial/ grass-covered in contrast to surrounding densely vegetated woodlands. Our commercial sites or military installations historically involved survey information results show that resistivity, and thus moisture dynamics, show significantly of above ground conditions such as existing features and topographic higher amplitudes in the vegetated than in the grass-covered part. This may information. This information generally included little information regarding the lead to faster deterioration, as the material cycles between states of very low existence and routing of existing subsurface utility systems. In the early 2000’s saturation, where desiccation cracks are likely to occur, and full saturation. the concept of Subsurface Utility Engineering (SUE), developed and formalized These insights into the moisture dynamics will aid engineers in designing by the Federal Highway Administration, proved that mapping underground infrastructure slopes and intervention strategies for unstable slopes. infrastructure and inclusion of these data into the predesign information matrix resulted in an average cost savings of roughly $5-dollars for every $1-dollar Presentation No. 71 spent on the SUE process. These savings are realized from identification PRESENTER/CONTACT: RILEY BALIKIAN of conflicts between the proposed design with existing utilities and other EMAIL: [email protected] underground infrastructure long before the final plans are stamped. Avoiding utility relocations with small adjustments to the design directly result in these PSEUDO THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING OF cost savings which are more often orders of magnitude higher than the original CREEP FAILURE IN A HIGHWAY EMBANKMENT published results. USING TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRIC EARTH RESISTIVITY Advances in technology are further refining this process into the 3D realm as Building Information Modeling (BIM) has in the above ground design space. Riley Balikian, Illinois State Geological Survey; Timothy Larson, Instruments such as advanced 3D ground penetrating radar (GPR) imaging Illinois State Geological Survey arrays, electromagnetics, and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) now make it feasible to merge these data into a comprehensive 3D view of the world In May 2017, we carried out an electric earth resistivity (EER) survey of the above and below ground. This allows, among other things, engineers to use downslope embankment of a state highway in central Illinois where creep 3D clash detection software to clearly identify potential conflicts, and make failure has been observed for over 50 years. The fill is over 15 meters (~50 smart and well planned redesigns around existing infrastructure. feet) at its deepest point and sits partially in an old stream bed. Water is currently conveyed through the channel in a box culvert underneath the This paper will discuss some recent developments in 3D GPR array technology, embankment. The fill has been steadily creeping since initial construction and integration of above and below ground 3D imaging technology, and recent case has caused severe damage to the highway above on several occasions. The studies. purpose of this study was to image the failure associated with the subsurface creep in the fill and to identify the subsurface engineering works that may be Presentation No. 62 interacting or moving with the creep. PRESENTER/CONTACT: SEBASTIAN S. UHLEMANN EMAIL: [email protected] We surveyed 10 parallel EER profiles using an ABEM Terrameter SAS 4000. Nine profiles were 80 meters long and one was 40 meters long, with 10 meter ADVANCED GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING OF spacing between each profile. We used an inline dipole-dipole array with UNSTABLE SLOPES – TOWARDS IMPROVED electrodes spaced 2 meters apart (with a minimum ‘a’ spacing of 2 meters and EARLY WARNING AND RISK MITIGATION a maximum was 4 meters; the minimum ‘n’ value was 1 and the maximum was 8). These 10 profiles were processed using Geotomo’s Res2DInv software. Sebastian S. Uhlemann, British Geological Survey; Jonathan Topographic corrections were made using GPS and elevation data collected Chambers, British Geological Survey; Philip Meldrum, British the same day as the EER survey, since the fill was constantly shifting. The data Geological Survey; Paul Wilkinson, British Geological Survey; was interpolated between the survey lines using ArcScene to create a pseudo Russell Swift, British Geological Survey; David Gunn, British 3-dimensional model to identify key components of the slope creep. Geological Survey Several underground objects were identified, including metal and plastic Conventional approaches for earthwork condition monitoring, such as walk drainage pipes, a chimney drain, the box culvert, and possible groundwater over surveys, remote sensing or intrusive sampling, are often inadequate for plumes from recent rainfall events. The face of the scarp associated with the predicting instabilities in natural and engineered slopes. Surface observations creep failure was also identified, and mapped in three dimensions. cannot detect the subsurface precursors to failure events and identify failure only once it has begun. On the other hand, intrusive investigations only sample a small volume of the subsurface and hence are likely to miss small scale deterioration processes in heterogeneous ground conditions. In the context of ageing infrastructure assets, remote condition monitoring using geophysical methods has been identified as one of the most cost- effective techniques to improve the understanding of asset degradation and Vol 23, 1 2018 113
TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE IIMONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 99 boulders which were bigger than 20 cm in size were removed at 146 points. MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: DUSTIN ROBBINS It took 6.5 days for this survey from a preliminary survey to excavations at all EMAIL: [email protected] anomaly points. Such a quick handling contributed to minimize the delay of construction. This high hitting ratio demonstrated the effectiveness of dense 3-D GEO-VIEW OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS GPR survey for detecting buried boulders. FOR RAPID ROADWAY STABILITY ASSESSMENT Presentation No. 154 Dustin Robbins, Federal Highway Administration; Khamis Haramy, PRESENTER/CONTACT: GEORGIOS TASSIS Federal Highway Administration- Central Federal Lands EMAIL: [email protected] Following a recent 5.5-magnitude earthquake that shook the Big Island of REFRACTION SEISMIC MODELING AND Hawaii, voids and several cracks were observed at various locations along INVERSION FOR THE DETECTION OF Chain of Craters Road, Hawaiian Volcano National Park, Big Island, Hawaii. FRACTURE ZONES IN BEDROCK To assure public safety within the Park, Central Federal Lands engineers mobilized geophysical companies with state-of-the-art 3-D radar and 3-D Georgios Tassis, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU); Jan seismic imaging methods to assess the near surface and deep conditions Steinar Rønning, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU); Siegfried beneath the roadway. Rohdewald, Intelligent Resources Inc. Rapid roadway stability assessment within the volcanic geology of the Hawaiian We have investigated the response of several synthetic models of variable Islands is highly dependent on accurate 3-D imaging of subsurface features complexity to tomographic inversion using Rayfract®. This software is fairly such as lava tubes and large cracks migrating to the roadway surface. The advanced and complex and offers many different options when inverting safety of Park visitors is highly dependent on imaging accuracy since seismic refraction seismic data. Using this program to investigate the detection of activities or other ground altering events may lead to sudden catastrophic fracture zones in bedrock, its parameters may be roughly grouped in three failures. Accurate 3-D subsurface views are therefore required to facilitate the categories: the inversion and weighting method used, whether single or best engineering analysis, operations procedures and mitigation methods. multi-run will be employed and the intensity of smoothing. We have discerned that multi-run Conjugate Gradient inversion method, with Cosine-Squared This paper presents a case study where both 3-D ground penetrating radar (3D weighting and a 2D Plus-Minus starting model can give fairly good results. Radar DXG 0908) and 3-D seismic tomography were utilized in concurrence Minimal smoothing is also essential for the quantitative characteristics to image the subsurface at five impacted sites in HAVO. The five current sites of the detected zones to be accurately calculated, but this is a hyper included two sites where large cracks had previously been backfilled and sensitive procedure which may result in over or underestimations of zone covered with concrete and three sites where new cracks and one five-foot velocity values. Generally, we have concluded that it possible to locate and diameter hole had developed at the ground surface. The 3-D ground penetrating characterize fractured zones in bedrock albeit with some limitations. It has radar equipment utilized a series of seven antennae running concurrently to been found that the imaging of the position and inclination of zones can develop a depth profile with high resolution. The 3-D seismic tomography data be problematic especially when the zones are neighboring bedrock areas was processed using a newly developed tomography code (GTomo by Olsen with small velocity contrast. The detectable depth extent of fracture zones Engineering) that provides high resolution images to large depths. Several can be followed to a certain depth, but deep zones give the same response anomalies were detected with both methods and the data was used to develop as shallow zones due to geological noise. The width of the zone is almost remediation measures to assure Park visitor’s safety. The survey results and the always very accurate and overburden layers can be precisely defined when recommended short term and long-term remediation recommendations will be the interactive picking of branch points prior to inversion is carefully done. discussed in this manuscript. The velocity of a zone can be calculated with a good combination of inversion parameters. Moreover, as seen after reprocessing some of the Knappe tunnel Presentation No. 133 data, tomographic inversion can pick up zones that cannot be interpreted PRESENTER/CONTACT: HIROSHI KISANUKI traditionally. Finally, denser shot point spacing can bring about a noticeable EMAIL: [email protected] improvement on the inversion results. DETAILED GPR SURVEY FOR DETECTING BOULDERS BURIED IN A SUBGRADE OF A HIGHWAY UNDER CONSTRUCTION Hiroshi Kisanuki, Public Works Research Institute; Kunio Aoike, OYO Corporation; Takanori Ogahara, Public Works Research Institute; Tomio Inazaki, Public Works Research Institute We conducted a detailed GPR survey to detect buried boulders in a highway under construction. The size of boulders was observed against the regulation for embankment subgrade materials. The illegal-size boulders should be removed because they might cause undulations of road surfaces. The survey area was 540 m in length and 20 m in width. First, two parties surveyed the area by using the same GPR tools combined with network RTK-GNSS positioning system. Next, we processed the acquired datasets by using a criterion that we established. The criterion was established based on GPR diffraction patterns to extract anomalies generated from buried boulders. A total of 148 anomalies were extracted. Then, we marked all locations of the anomaly on the road surface, and immediately dug at the extracted points to confirm whether illegal-size boulders were buried or not. As a result, 114 Vol 23, 1 2018
MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE II MONDAY, MARCH 26TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 220 PRESENTER/CONTACT: BEN DASHWOOD EMAIL: [email protected] GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING OF ENGINEERED EARTHWORKS - TIME-LAPSE ASSESSMENT OF GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES Ben Dashwood, British Geological Survey; Sebastian Uhlemann, British Geological Survey, ETH Zurich; David Gunn, British Geological Survey; Jonathan Chambers, British Geological Survey; Russell Swift, British Geological Survey; Shane Donohue, Queen’s University Belfast; Paolo Bergamo, Swiss Seismological Service Time-lapse geophysical survey data collected using Seismic refraction, MASW (Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Wave), Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and point-sensor data has been used to monitor the evolving geo-mechanical condition of an aged, clay-filled railway embankment in Gloucestershire, south-west UK. The condition and performance of engineered earthworks are routinely assessed through visual monitoring for signs of deformation at the surface, often followed-up by the use of intrusive investigative techniques such as cone penetration testing (CPT) and core/bulk sampling. A major drawback of using such an approach is the difficulty in determining where a failure has initiated/what has triggered the observed deformation and over what timescale internal deformation has occurred. Consequently, maintenance works will often be undertaken reactively, after deformation has been detected at the surface and where major remedial action is required to rectify the problem. Geophysical properties are strongly influenced by and therefore are often considered as proxies to geotechnical parameters. Due to the relatively non-invasive nature and potential for rapid/automated data collection, geophysical prospecting techniques therefore present the opportunity to qualitatively monitor the internal geotechnical condition of engineered earthworks at a range of scales. In order to assess the engineering significance of any changes in measured geophysical properties however, some knowledge of the inter-relationship between the geophysical and geotechnical properties of the fill materials comprising an earthwork structure is required. The field geophysical data is recast into geotechnical properties (moisture content and shear-strength/stiffness) using laboratory derived relationships, using undisturbed core samples from the crest and re-compacted bulk sample materials, from the flanks of the embankment. The application of well-established geophysical methods to capture the effect of seasonal climatic variations on the geotechnical properties of engineering soils in the near surface demonstrates the potential for the use of non-invasive, real- time monitoring of at-risk earthwork structures. Vol 23, 1 2018 115
AIRBORNE EM, AIRBORNE, REMOTE SENSING & DRONES ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 58 type of probabilistic approach to AEM inversion, in which the available TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: TED ASCH information consists of AEM data (and a model of uncertainty of the AEM EMAIL: [email protected] data), and an explicit choice of prior information. By ‘explicit’ we mean the prior model should represent available information. This can be for example AN AIRBORNE ELECTROMAGNETIC be in form a geostatistical model that represent a geological expert’s INVESTIGATION OF THE MARINA, knowledge of expected spatial (i.e. geological) structures. First, we will CA HYDROGEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK demonstrate that in practice the choice of the prior cannot be avoided. If the prior is not chosen explicitly, it is most always chosen implicitly by the Ted Asch, Aqua Geo Frameworks; Ian Paul Gottschalk, Stanford choice of inversion methods used. For example, linearized least squares University; Rosemary Knight, Stanford University; Jared inversion is based on an implicit assumption of a Gaussian prior. Then we Abraham, Aqua Geo Frameworks, LLC; James Cannia, Aqua Geo demonstrate how very different prior models can be explicitly defined and Frameworks, LLC; Keith Van Der Maaten, Marina Coast Water modeled, and demonstrate how such prior model choices affect the inversion District results obtained from probabilistic inversion. Finally, we argue that the choice of prior information should not be left to be chosen by whatever inversion In mid-May 2017 an airborne electromagnetic survey (AEM) was conducted methodology is available. Instead, prior information should be chosen around Marina, California in order to provide a detailed hydrogeological explicitly to best represent the prior geological knowledge at hand. Then, the framework for implementation of ground water management plans. The inversion problem should be solved using whatever method that can take Marina Coast Water District (MCWD) wanted to gain knowledge of the into the actual prior information and distribution of aquifer materials and saline waters present in the area. Approximately 635 line-kilometers were acquired over three days. The data Presentation No. 77 were processed and inverted with both lateral (LCI) and spatial constraints PRESENTER/CONTACT: ISAAC FAGE (SCI). It turned out that this survey was a rare instance of where the EMAIL: [email protected] Laterally-Constrained inversions produced better results than the Spatially- Constrained inversions because of the heavy infrastructure throughout AIRBORNE EM AND GROUND RESISTIVITY the Marina survey area which includes the northern Salinas Valley. More METHODS IN PLACER GOLD MINING data had to be electromagnetically decoupled (removed) from the data set during the Spatially-Constrained editing process than during the Laterally- Isaac Fage, GroundTruth Exploration Inc.; Shawn Ryan; Amir Constrained editing process. Retaining more data for the inversion allowed Radjaee, GroundTruth Exploration Inc. for more continuous subsurface mapping of the Marina area. Following the inversion, spatial integration of the AEM results with local borehole Application of geophysical methods in mineral exploration is common information including geophysical and lithology logs and groundwater practice. Compared to direct sampling methods (i.e. drilling, trenching), electrical conductivities allowed for development of regression equations subsurface data can be acquired with much wider coverage at a lower cost describing the conversion from AEM bulk resistivities to groundwater by geophysical investigations. However, to date for placer deposits, such resistivities and from groundwater resistivities to an estimation of total techniques have been predominantly limited to localized surveys using dissolved solids (TDS). The AEM inversion results matched the borehole ground based geophysical methods. The main purpose of geophysical geophysical logs very well and successfully mapped a near-surface studies in placer deposits is to identify bedrock depth and topography, fresh water aquifer that had not been thoroughly characterized. Inverted alluvial sedimentation stratigraphy and outline of permafrost. The use of resistivities were initially classified as saltwater-saturated sediments if the airborne systems is unusual in placer gold exploration. regardless of the resistivity was less than 3 ohm-m and freshwater-saturated sediments if the vast scale of the airborne geophysical surveys, the cost saving potential resistivities were greater than 30 ohm-m. Classifications and correlations of the technique is obstructed by difficulties in modeling efforts. As a were also made between the AEM resistivities and borehole lithologies new approach in study of placer gold mines, airborne frequency domain that were then applied throughout the survey area. The AEM investigation electromagnetic method (FDEM) using RESOLVE system along with provided the MCWD with information they could only have achieved with ground resistivity were applied to map the topographic surface of the very expensive boreholes and, that, after many years of drilling. bedrock and sedimentary stratigraphy of placer deposits. The approach was tested for several exploration sites in Yukon, Canada. After QC/ Presentation No. 65 QA of data, the resistivity data were modeled using 2D and 3D inversion PRESENTER/CONTACT: THOMAS MEJER HANSEN codes. The airborne FDEM data were inverted for 1D conductivity model EMAIL: [email protected] with different smoothness constraints. The resistivity model inverted from ground resistivity data was also used for estimation of starting and INVERSION OF AIRBORNE EM DATA WITH AN reference conductivity models in inversion of airborne FDEM data. Despite EXPLICIT CHOICE OF PRIOR MODEL the measurement resolution limitations, by using airborne FDEM in an early phase, we could identify zones where deep bedrock is likely to be, Thomas Mejer Hansen, University of Copenhagen; Burke Minsley, determine areas of locally anomalous in bedrock topography, estimate USGS the spatial boundaries of bench, and approximate outline and depth of permafrost. The degree to which this approach is feasible is likely site Inversion of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data to infer information dependent and directly influenced by the contrast between resistivity about the subsurface distribution of resistivity is a widely examined inverse values. It seems this approach could be widely applicable for engineering problem. Many different approaches have been considered to solve this and environmental projects where similar studied are required. inverse problem, that can roughly be regarded as either a ‘deterministic’ or ‘probabilistic’ method. The goal of deterministic methods is to locate one ‘optimal’ resistivity model alone with some uncertainties, that represents observed data. The goal of probabilistic methods is to locate a (large) collection models (realizations from a posterior probability density) which ideally represents all available information. Here we will consider a specific 116 Vol 23, 1 2018
AIRBORNE EM, AIRBORNE, REMOTE SENSING & DRONES ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 83 Presentation No. 90 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ROBERT FREELAND PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEAN LEGAULT EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] INCORPORATING UNMANNED AIRCRAFT HELICOPTER TIME-DOMAIN EM RESULTS IMAGING WITH GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR OVER THE WAHPETON AQUIFER SYSTEM, FOR EFFICIENT MAPPING OF AGRICULTURAL FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA DRAINAGE TILE SYSTEMS Jean Legault, Geotech Ltd.; Geoffrey Plastow, Geotech Ltd.; Robert Freeland, Univ of Tennessee; Barry Allred, USDA/ARS Jared Abraham, Aqua Geo Frameworks, LLC; Ted Asch, Aqua Geo Soil Drainage Research Unit; Neal Eash, University of Tennessee; Frameworks; David Hisz, North Dakota State Water Commission; H. DeBonne Wishart; Luis Martinez Scott Parkin, North Dakota State Water Commission A mapping protocol utilizing GPR as a ground-truth technology was developed Buried valley aquifers, consisting of permeable sand and gravel deposits in to survey large-acreage tracts of buried agricultural drain tiles. We surveyed glacial and bedrock valleys, are important sources of groundwater supply in two field sites having buried tile networks in central Ohio, USA, using many regions of the United States and Canada. These aquifers have been unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). The UAS carried conventional high- difficult to define because they are often partially eroded, have complex resolution color visual (VIS), near infrared (NIR), and thermal infrared (TIR) lithology, and are hidden by other shallow sand and gravel aquifers within thick cameras. glacial overburden. Our surveys showed that remote sensing has the potential for rapidly mapping Investigations of the Spiritwood glacial aquifer near Jamestown, North Dakota, large tracts of agricultural drainage tile networks. Under wet field conditions, in October, 2016, by the North Dakota State Water Commission (NDWC) VIS (for exposed soil) and NIR (for crop canopy vigor) technologies are showed that airborne time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) surveys could be applicable as surface drainage patterns are visible. Under dry field conditions, used in aquifer mapping and characterization. Using a VTEM helicopter TDEM TIR detected roughly 60% of the subsurface drainage infrastructure known to system, the resistivity contrasts between the relatively resistive Quaternary be present. glacio-lacustrine sand-gravels that are relatively permeable and low resistivity clay-tills that are relatively impermeable, allowed them to be mapped above the much less resistive Cretaceous Pierre Formation Shale basement rocks. These results were presented at SAGEEP in 2017. Following the survey success on the Spiritwood JT survey, the NDWC commissioned another VTEM survey over the nearby Wahpeton survey block in Fall, 2017. The Wahpeton survey consisted of nearly 2000 line-km of coverage along a roughly 10-20 km wide by 100 km long north-south corridor, lying just west of the Red River and the Minnesota State border, and roughly extending from the city of Fargo to the north, to Wahpeton in the south. The VTEM data collected over the Wahpeton Aquifer System have been inverted with a layered-earth algorithm to produce resistivity-depth models. These models resolve the location and depths to the top and bottom of the aquifers, providing more detailed pictures of the aquifer geometry. Advanced processing and inversion complemented with integration of existing data (i.e. well data, hydrogeological data) allowed a superior image of the aquifers in 3 dimensions providing the State with an enhanced framework for groundwater management. Vol 23, 1 2018 117
AIRBORNE EM, AIRBORNE, REMOTE SENSING & DRONES IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 153 currently undergoing a paradigm shift in the acquisition of geophysical and other TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: RONALD BELL geoscience data for environmental site characterization. EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 157 ABOVE THE DUMP: A SUAS ENABLED PRESENTER/CONTACT: ADAM SMIAROWSKI AEROMAGNETIC SURVEY OF A LANDFILL EMAIL: [email protected] Ronald Bell, International Geophysical Services, LLC AQUIFER DELINEATION WITH THE TEMPEST FIXED-WING AEM SYSTEM IN THE PERTH BASIN A small unmanned aircraft system (a.k.a. sUAS or drone) was tasked to autonomously execute a low-altitude aeromagnetic survey over a closed landfill Adam Smiarowski, CGG; Sheryl Ryan; David Schafer using a prototype of the MagArrowTM magnetometer built using the micro-fabricated atomic magnetometer (MFAM) technology from Geometrics, Inc. A ground In order to image hydrogeology relevant to groundwater resources important to magnetic survey using a cesium vapor magnetometer was conducted over the the public water supply in Perth, Australia, the Western Australia Department same site. The same line spacing was employed for each survey. The sensor of Water and Environmental Regulation (DWER) utilized the Tempest system altitude was varied from 10 to 20 meters above ground level for the low altitude in a survey over the North Gnangara Mound, Perth Basin in 2013. In 2017, aeromagnetic survey and kept at a constant 2.3 meters above ground level for the DWER extended the survey to target the Leederville-Parmelia aquifer, by flying ground survey. an adjacent area covering the Dandaragan Plateau just north of the 2013 survey, using an updated Tempest system. In total over 10 000 line kilometres The drone enabled magnetic survey required less time and was less costly than have been flown covering a combined area of over 6000 km2. Borehole the ground based data acquisition. However, prevailing weather conditions can resistivity, lithological logs and groundwater chemistry from over 300 bores adversely impact the success of sUAS field operations as well as the quality of was used to help interpret and constrain the inversion of the acquired AEM the data. Nevertheless, the quality of the low altitude aeromagnetic survey data data. Recharge zones, regional throughflow directions, faults that act as flow is arguably better than the quality of the ground survey data due the application of barriers, groundwater discharge zones, and the extent of regionally important robotic technology. When combined with other geophysical methods, for example aquitards have been able to be inferred and mapped. Estimates of the minimum a ground based time domain electromagnetics (TDEM) survey, drone enabled thicknesses of fresh groundwater (< 500mg/L and < 1000 mg/L TDS) have been magnetometry is an effective approach to mapping the distribution of ferromagnetic made for the Superficial and Leederville-Parmelia aquifers. The surveys have material within the landfill as a means for identifying areas with a greater likelihood to helped clarify hypotheses about faults that act as flow barriers and regional flow generate methane or contaminants leaking into the near surface aquifer. directions that are important for groundwater allocation planning. Presentation No. 156 In this paper we present the results of both surveys and key hydrogeological PRESENTER/CONTACT: RONALD BELL outcomes. We compare the AEM data from to borehole lithology and resistivity and EMAIL: [email protected] provide a comparison of the two AEM surveys. Finally we discuss recent system development (including changes to receiver sampling and bandwidth, sharper DRONE ENABLED GEOSCIENTIFIC MAPPING transmitter waveform turn-off and monitoring of system geometry), and outline how IS THE NEW PARADIGM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL data quality is improved, leading to better hydrogeological interpretation. SITE CHARACTERIZATION Presentation No. 165 Ronald Bell, International Geophysical Services, LLC PRESENTER/CONTACT: GARRET VELOSKI EMAIL: [email protected] Geoscience data acquired using autonomously operated small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) are manifesting a paradigm shift in the surface and sub-surface site EVALUATION OF THE MICRO-FABRICATED characterization best practices. As a result, high quality, high definition geoscience ATOMIC MAGNETOMETER DEPLOYED FROM data have never been so readily accessible to environmental site investigators, A SMALL AUTONOMOUS ROTORCRAFT FOR project managers, and regulators. The net effect is an information rich data volume LOCATING LEGACY OIL & GAS WELLS resulting in better informed decisions that will ultimately drive down the cost of returning contaminated sites to the inventory of useable land. Garret Veloski, US Department of Energy; Richard Hammack, US Department of Energy; James Sams, US Department of Energy; The principal geoscience application of drones for purpose of environmental site Luke Wylie, U.S. Aerial Video, Inc.; Kenneth Heriendt, PA Turnpike characterization is arguably color photogrammetric mapping due, in large part, to Commission the availability of sophisticated, affordable sUAS fitted with high definition visible light cameras. A new generation of sUAS enabled LiDAR systems are providing The Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission Southern Beltway Project, a 13-mile an unprecedented level of accuracy and precision in a high definition topographic highway segment connecting U.S Route 22 to I-79, is part of a larger beltway system mapping of the ground surface in forested and vegetation covered areas. Spectral designed to improve east-west mobility in the corridor south and west of Pittsburgh. imagers and gamma ray spectrometric systems fitted to robotic, low flying The proposed highway corridor traverses the McDonald Oilfield and was expected unmanned aircraft are literally bringing the satellite remote sensing data down to to encounter legacy wells. These wells must be located and properly plugged earth resulting in major benefits to the practitioners of surface geologic mapping. to meet environmental regulations prior to excavation for highway construction. The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) of the U.S. Department of Drone enabled aeromagnetic and VLF-EM mapping is a reality. Other Energy along with US Aerial Video, Inc. conducted aeromagnetic surveys from a electromagnetic methods employing drones will no doubt appear soon. The use of small drone rotorcraft during the summer of 2017 employing the novel Geometrics drones to support ground gravity and seismic data acquisition is becoming more micro-fabricated atomic magnetometer (MFAM) sensor package in an effort to locate prevalent. legacy wells within the planned highway right-of-way. Over 200 line-kilometers of magnetic data was collected and processed resulting in many monopolar anomalies Small UAS are limited to small footprint projects because of air space regulations that may be interpreted as potential steel-cased wells. A list of magnetic targets was and performance limitations of the aircraft. The air traffic management system submitted to the PA Turnpike Commission for confirmation on the ground. will eventually accommodate larger UAVs capable of covering larger areas. Nevertheless, the benefits of sUAS are so compelling that the industry is 118 Vol 23, 1 2018
ARCHAEOLOGY ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 39 Presentation No. 66 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: BLESSING EKPEBABOR PRESENTER/CONTACT: LAURA SHERROD EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF AN 18TH OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE AT IJEBU-IMERI, CENTURY SCHOOLHOUSE IN TRAPPE, PA SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA Laura Sherrod, Kutztown University; David Vales, Kutztown Blessing Ekpebabor, University of Ibadan, ; Micheal Oladunjoye, University; Liam Doyle, Kutztown University; Shannon Evans, University of Ibadan; Akanni Opadeji, University of Ibadan, Kutztown University Integrated geophysical investigation involving ground magnetic and electrical The history of Pennsylvania is rich with stories of national heritage. Historical resistivity methods were conducted at Ijebu-Imeri archeological site, Ogun associations in this region strive to document and preserve these tales with state, Southwestern Nigeria. The site served as a location for fabrication of special attention to the truth of the details. In Upper Providence Township, the tools used for construction of Sungbo Eredo for defensive purpose about true location of a historic schoolhouse was lost following its deconstruction in 600 years ago. The surveys were aimed at locating, determining the spatial the early 1900s. This location, in Trappe, PA, was home to three iterations distribution and depth of burial of artifacts, thereby reducing wild-cats of schoolhouses in the 1700s. The first schoolhouse was constructed by the excavation. Augustus Congregation in 1742 as a log building with a stone fireplace and chimney. This was replaced in 1750 with a larger log schoolhouse with living Magnetic data were acquired using proton precession magnetometer while quarters. In 1793, the congregation rebuilt the schoolhouse one last time resistivity data were acquired using the Campus Ohmega resistivity meter. The using stone. This building was significant as it was the first public school in the magnetic survey comprises thirty-one profiles in N-S and E-W directions with township. The stone schoolhouse was also used as a private school, a Sunday station interval of 5 m and inter-profile spacing of 5 m while the electrical survey school, and a printing press over the last century of its existence, with a rector comprises five parallel and four perpendicular profiles selected based on result and sexton using the schoolhouse in one of the earliest attempts to render the of magnetic data. Wenner configuration with electrode spacing ranging from New Testament in modern English. This piece of local history is preserved and 1.0 – 6.0 m was employed for 2D electrical resistivity tomography. Profile length recognized by a model stone schoolhouse on the grounds, but historians now was from 1.0 - 100 m in the E-W direction and 0 – 68 m in the N-S direction for question the exact location and dimensions of the old schoolhouse. GPR and both methods. The magnetic data were processed and analyzed using Oasis magnetometer surveys were performed using 0.73m line spacing to pinpoint Montaj GeosoftTM software while the resistivity data were processed and the exact location of the foundation stones which are now buried beneath soil analyze using DIPRO for Windows software. and to identify evidence of the number of fireplaces the schoolhouse contained, a point of contention among historians researching the area. Analysis of the Results of processed data were integrated and it revealed a distribution of data clearly shows the foundation of the schoolhouse despite the disturbance the buried archaeological features within the study area. From the magnetic of the ground by several other more recent anthropogenic geophysical maps, regions of magnetic highs correspond to those of high resistivity on anomalies. The survey results have led to plans for archaeological excavation. the 2D subsurface structure models. It was concluded that the areas with high magnetic and resistivity anomalies are possible areas that have buried artifacts with depths ranging 0 - 2 m. Test pits located at regions of high total magnetic intensity and model resistivity yielded burnt pipes (TUYERE), iron slag; pottery fragments (POTSHERDS) and charcoal occurring at 0 – 0.6 m. The geophysical results therefore provided reliable and useful guide in pre- excavation Vol 23, 1 2018 119
ARCHEOLOGY IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 67 Presentation No. 174 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: LAURA SHERROD PRESENTER/CONTACT: RYAN BRUMBAUGH EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] LOST BUT NOT FORGOTTEN: GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR LOCATING UNMARKED GRAVES AT AN MASS BURIAL SITE ACTIVE MILITARY TRAINING BASE USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS Laura Sherrod, Kutztown University; Heather Willever, Kutztown University Ryan Brumbaugh, Mundell & Associates, Inc.; Forrest Kunkel, Mundell & Associates, Inc.; John Mundell, Mundell & Associates, Inc. The winter of 1777-1778 was brutal for the American men encamped at Valley Forge during the Revolutionary War. Starvation, disease, and exposure killed Numerous small, privately owned cemeteries throughout the United States thousands of soldiers. In Chester County Pennsylvania, a small cemetery with offer a rich treasury of historical information that is valued by archaeologists, crumbling grave markers holds many more fallen soldiers than tombstones. The anthropologists, and the descendants of the deceased. Many of these cemeteries Old Charleston Cemetery was located halfway between the winter encampment are centuries old, subjecting the headstones to damage over years by poor and the Yellow Springs Hospital. Injured and diseased men were transported property management or, more commonly, natural weathering processes. In order back and forth between the encampment and hospital. Unfortunately, many to document and preserve one such cemetery, located within Camp Atterbury Joint men did not survive and were left at local cemeteries which were inundated Maneuver Training Center (CAJMTC), multiple geophysical methods were used to with diseased bodies. The soldiers were often hastily buried in large unmarked confirm existing graves and identify potential unmarked grave locations. graves to avoid the spread of disease with only a funeral shroud to cover their Three non-intrusive geophysical methods were utilized to characterize the bodies due to the lack of proper caskets. The unmarked graves of the fallen cemetery grounds. First, electromagnetic terrain conductivity was used to were thought to be lost forever until a hand-drawn map of the cemetery turned map variations in soil conductivities due to historical disturbances caused by up in a wall at the Chester Springs Hospital in 1919. Using the map as a guide, grave excavation activities. Next, time-domain electromagnetic metal detection a geophysical investigation was conducted using GPR and magnetometer was used to characterize the distribution of buried metallic objects typically surveys. The surveys were preformed using 0.46m line spacing to pinpoint the associated with burials, such as reinforced concrete or metal burial vaults. The exact locations of unmarked graves and a mass burial pit thought to hold the third technique, ground penetrating radar, provided the highest level of detail remains of over 50 soldiers. Analysis of the data shows many features that could for graves containing metallic objects and graves retaining little more than indicate the location of the unmarked graves. These soldiers were lost but now disrupted soil strata and human remains. All geophysical data was collected can be remembered thanks to the Charleston Historical Society which plans on across the entire cemetery property with local grid and GPS control to produce placing new markers over the sites. Further research into the subsurface of the map outputs of the data. To aid in the interpretation of the geophysical survey, area may also show the location of the original church from 1743. photo documentation, GPS locating, and historical records search were also conducted. This combination of geophysical methods proved highly effective for Presentation No. 96 identifying historic grave locations while avoiding unnecessary disturbance at PRESENTER/CONTACT: SORIN ANGHEL the site. As a result of this geophysical approach, CAJMTC was provided with EMAIL: [email protected] thorough grave documentation of 205 existing grave markers and insight into the locations of 49 potentially unmarked graves. GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SALSOVIA SUBMERGED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE Sorin Anghel, National Research and Development Institute for Marine Geology and Geoecology The fortress at Salsovia functioned as a military camp in the first half of the III century A.D. (Antonini Itinerary and Tabula Peutingeriana), and later it was an annex to the Romanian Military Legions. We carried out magnetometric and resistivity measurements in the Salsovia archaeological site, located in the Dobrogea region of Romania. We analyzed the results to see if we could find the orientation of the walls or any other evidence of a former human presence within a limited area submerged beneath the Danube River. We showed the estimated depth of the site and the possible orientation of a wall. The magnetic data was acquired on the water (Danube River) within the submerged zone using marine magnetometer equipment (Geometrics 822). Magnetic measurements were carried out within a submerged area of the Salsovia archaeological site. After the data analysis, we have established the most probable orientation of a buried walls and created a hypothesis that requires more investigation to explore its validity. We also established the depth of the site and the fact that the VSP investigations need to be redone with a shallower depth as target. Modeling using PotentQ software has also shown a buried structure that can be approximated to the remains of a walls. 120 Vol 23, 1 2018
ELECTROMAGNETICS ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 19 man carried time-domain EM geophysical system called Loupe. It is a new TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: BUELENT TEZKAN generation instrument incorporating rapid sampling, high-bandwidth transmitter EMAIL: [email protected] and 3-component receiver, easily carried on backpacks with integrated RTK GPS. JOINT INVERSION OF DIFFERENTIAL ELECTRICAL DIPOLE DATA AND TRANSIENT The transmitter antenna is a rigid, light-weight vertical-axis multi-turn loop ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA: INVESTIGATION carried behind one operator, along with the required electronics, GPS system OF A COASTAL FRESHWATER AQUIFER IN and battery. The transmitter is designed to generate a high magnetic moment BELGIUM using a clean square-wave of current that is switched off in 10 microseconds or less. Most applications will use transmitter base frequencies in the range Buelent Tezkan, University of Cologne; Janine Böckmann, 10 – 100 Hz. University of Cologne; Amir Haroon, GEOMAR; Luc Lebbe, Ghent University The Loupe receiver antenna is a 3-component coil sensor carried behind the other operator. Receiver electronics processes the 3-component data in real- A joint inversion algorithm was developed for the interpretation of differential time and presents it to the receiver operator. electrical (DED) and transient electromagnetic data (TEM). The DED is a new method which was recently developed for shallow sea water applications to This paper will show the results of trials completed to date and planned for late detect resistive targets in a conductive environment, i.e. groundwater aquifers 2017 and early 2018. These trials will be carried out in a number of near- embedded in seawater-saturated sediments. The DED transmitter consists of surface applications – mineral exploration, engineering assessment and mining two horizontal electrical dipoles that share a common central electrode which – to contrast the performance of the time-domain system with results from has one polarity, while the outer one has the opposite polarity. The current of frequency-domain instruments. each dipole flows in opposite direction. The differential signal is recorded by electrical dipoles at a certain distance. Presentation No. 53 PRESENTER/CONTACT: CÉCILE FINCO We present the first-land based application of our DED system realized EMAIL: [email protected] along the beach of de Panne in Belgium in order to detect the freshwater distribution beneath the beach. 24 DED measurements were conducted at APPLICATION OF THE SMALL-LOOP TDEM the beach at low tide by utilizing two 75 m transmitter dipoles in an inline METHOD TO THE QUANTIFICATION OF BOTH configuration parallel to the beach with a spacing of 50 m along with four ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PARAMETERS OF electrical receiver stations at different offsets for each transmitter. In addition, THE SUBSURFACE 40 in-loop TEM measurements were conducted on the same DED receiver positions. Prior to the first DED land based application, synthetic model Cécile Finco, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC; Cyril Schamper, studies were carried out to investigate the signal detectability. They showed Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR 7619 METIS; Fayçal Rejiba, that the step-on responses were suitable to resolve the freshwater layer. Sorbonne Universités UPMC - UMR 7619 METIS The measured DED and TEM data were first of all interpreted by the newly developed DED 1D inversion algorithm and by the conventional 1D TEM The inductive electromagnetic geophysical method in the temporal inversion algorithm. It was confirmed, that the improved resolution towards domain (TDEM) allows, in certain conditions, the measurement of a signal resistive targets in a conductive environment justifies the DED application. integrating information from several physical independent parameters The DED and TEM data were then jointly inverted indicating the freshwater (electrical resistivity, magnetic viscosity, polarization). Being able to distribution underneath the Belgian coast with a varying thickness between 8 separate and quantify those physical and independent contributions is and 30 m. a real issue. It is particularly important when one of those contributions overwhelms the others which can happen depending on the geological Presentation No. 22 context and the specific setup used. PRESENTER/CONTACT: GREG STREET EMAIL: [email protected] The non-conventional use of this method with small transmission and reception loops (a few meters wide at most for the transmitter loop) LOUPE, A NEW PORTABLE TIME-DOMAIN EM increases the sensitivity to the magnetic viscosity in addition to the usual PROFILING SYSTEM electrical resistivity. Through numerical modeling (notably search of equivalences through a neighborhood algorithm) and field tests, we are Andrew Duncan, Angre Pty Ltd; Gregory Street designing a setup geometry that would allow us to discriminate between the influences of these parameters on the signal. The most promising Current electromagnetic (EM) instruments for near-surface (0-30m) option would be to make a measurement in the central configuration, investigations are dominantly frequency-domain and deeper-penetrating which is very sensitive to the magnetic viscosity, and another one with an instruments mostly operate in the time-domain. The limited frequency content offset between the two loops as the sensitivity to the magnetic properties of frequency-domain EM equipment makes it virtually impossible to define decreases with the distance from the emission. shallow conductivity variations in three dimensions. Thus, most investigations in the near-surface use multi-dipole resistivity systems. While these systems This use of small loops also increases the sensitivity to the noise from the can be very effective there are many occasions when EM would be more system itself. The interactions between the loops and the measurement device appropriate and cost-effective to use. create a distortion on the measured signal. This distortion depends on the setup geometry and on the electrical characteristics of the ground. Current This project has focussed on whether it is possible to develop a time-domain work concerns the study of equivalent electrical circuits (using software system that can be operated in a similar way to the many frequency-domain such as LTspice) to model the mutual characteristic and complex impedance systems i.e. in a continuously-profiling mode, measuring electrical conductivity between both the transmitter and receiver coils. The accurate evaluation of the effectively in the top 30m. mutual impedance over a wide band of frequencies is necessary to model the instrumental response and separate it from the part of the measured transient Four years of research and development have resulted in creation of a two- signal coming from the subsurface. Vol 23, 1 2018 121
ELECTROMAGNETICS ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 82 Presentation No. 109 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: RUJUN CHEN PRESENTER/CONTACT: RUJUN CHEN EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] 3-D DENSE AMT FOR PODIFORM CHROMITE HIGH RESOLUTION NEAR SURFACE PROFILING EXPLORATION BY SMALL SLINGRAM LOOP FOR TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD Rujun Chen, Central South University; Xuefeng Zhao, Champion Geophysical Technology; Lanfang He, Nanjing University Rujun Chen, Central South University; Hongchun Yao, Champion Geophysical Technology; Dongchun Tang, Central South Podiform chromite is a challenging target for geophysical exploration in most University; Runlin Xing, Central South University; Ruijie Shen, conditions. Althought there exist large density contrast between the podiform Champion Geophysical Technology chromite and host rock, and the podiform chromite shows strong remanent magnetization, it’s still very difficult to locate podiform chromites by gravity Slingram or Horizontal Coplanar (HCP) loop is often used in frequency- and magnetic method. Because the podiform chromite is often surrounded by domain electromagnetic method for near surface profiling. However, Slingram low density serpentine rock, which is altered from olivine. The gravity anomaly loop may be used in time-domain electromagnetic method to achieve larger is reduced greatly by serpentine surrounding chromite. There also exists penetrating depth, get more information about underground world, and avoid magnetite which disturbs magnetic anomaly. We found that podiform chromites the problem of primary field with the same loop configuration. The time-domain are often related to fracture zone and serpentine which show low resistivity Slingram measurement system used by us is adopted from CannyTEM. We anomaly. Then we carried a 3-D dense AMT experiment on a area with known used two identical high-frequency induction coils with resonance frequency as podiform chromite. The spacing of AMT line in south-north direction is 40 m and 1.2 MHz, physical area as 6 m^2 to construct a Slingram loop. Two induction the site spacing is 20 m. The total area is 360 m (west - east ) x 320 m (south - coils are fixed on a frame with separation as 1.5 m, and one coil is used as north, line direction). The ore body is located in depth about 40 - 50 m, therefor, transmitter loop, another coil is used as receiver loop. This configuration may impedance data in frequency range as 114.7 - 10400 Hz are used. Then we achieve a maximum penetration depth as 6 m. The turn-off time is 2.5 us for adopted 3D re-weighted regularization conjugate gradient method with integral 2.5 A injected current and the sample frequency is 1.2 MHz. The short turn-off equation forward modeling to invert the data set. The inversion volume is 700 time and high sample frequency are the keys for high resolution near surface (SN direction, x) x 800 (WE direction, y) x 600 (z) m with grid size as 5 x 10 m profiling. We made two experiments in the main campus of Central South in XY plane, and layer thickness starts as 5 m then increasing logarithmically in University, Changsha, China. The goal of the first experiment is to detect the z direction with 64 total layers. The final RMS error of our inversion is less than Slingram response of floor drains on a a football ground. We got high quality 1.00 thanks to dense AMT data and good data quality. The inverted resistivity Singram response of floor drains. The profiles show same shape determined shows low resistivity anomaly related to the ore body and high resistivity by frequency domain Singram configuration reported on literature. The second anomaly related to the host rock dunite clearly. Our result shows that 3-D dense experiment is to detect underground small water pipe. We also got similar AMT may reduce the exploration risk of podiform chromites greatly. profiles determined by frequency domain Singram configuration. These experiments show that time-domain electromagnetic method using customized Slingram configuration may solve many problems in engineering. It may offer a fast and high resolution way to image many underground targets. 122 Vol 23, 1 2018
ELECTROMAGNETICS IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 152 1) the airborne time-domain EM system, SkyTEM; TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: HONGZHU CAI EMAIL: [email protected] 2) the frequency domain electromagnetic induction systems (EMI) such as the DualEM or EM31; PARALLELIZED 3D INVERSION OF AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED TIME DOMAIN 3) a standard multi-channel resistivity system (ERT) with 5 meter electrode ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA USING EFFICIENT spacing. FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Finally, the tTEM models are compared to relevant geological information from Hongzhu Cai, Aarhus University; Esben Auken, Hyrogeophysics boreholes, LiDAR, and soil mapping. Group - Aarhus University; Gianluca Fiandaca The tTEM system is from an instrument point of view quite similar to a The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is an effective tool for SkyTEM system. Though, the footprint of the system is significant smaller subsurface imaging. The application of the method extends from which we show from sensitivity functions derived from both systems. groundwater mapping to mineral exploration. A typical survey (e.g., Furthermore, sensitivity functions from both EMI systems and ERT systems airborne EM) usually contains large amounts of data at different stations. are calculated and compared to the tTEM sensitivity functions. From this, we A full 3D inversion of such a large amount of data is time consuming and conclude that the tTEM sensitivity is comparable to SkyTEM vertically, but it computationally expensive and 1D inversion is most often used. However, is much narrower in the lateral directions. When compared to EMI systems the 1D approximation may not be valid and it may produce artificial or the tTEM sensitivity is both wider and deeper, but the EMI systems focus is wrong subsurface structures in non-layered geological environments. very shallow (< 7 meter). When compared to 5 m-spaced ERT sensitivities the ERT is superior on the shallowest parts while comparable on the deeper To address the above problem, we developed a 3D modeling and inversion parts. Comparing surveying speeds the airborne systems are by far fastest code based on the vector finite element method. In the forward modeling, (100 km/h), tTEM and EMI systems are comparable (10-30 km/h) and ERT we solve Maxwell’s equation directly in the time domain using the stable are the slowest (~ 0.2 km/h). backward Euler stencil. We adopt the unstructured tetrahedral mesh to accurately approximate the complex subsurface structures and topography. In the presentation, we will show sensitivity comparisons combined with To speed up the forward modeling, we adopt a 3-level MPI and OpenMP field observations from the same systems. We also compare to geological parallelization. At first, the whole modeling domain is divided into a series of information. sub-domains. The numerical modeling of each subdomain is independent and parallelized using MPI. Secondly, the time channels are divided into Presentation No. 163 several time segments and each segment is calculated using the finite PRESENTER/CONTACT: PETER HUTCHINSON element method with different time step sizes. For a specific subdomain EMAIL: [email protected] and time segment, the finite element solver is parallelized using OpenMP. To further reduce the computation cost for each sub-domain, we consider a MAPPING GROUNDWATER SPRINGS BENEATH primary-field-based boundary condition. We combine the forward modeling A LANDFILL LINER engine and the calculated sensitivity matrix with our voxel inversion algorithm in the code AarhusInv to produce a flexible 3D inversion environment. Peter Hutchinson, THG Geophysics; Aaron Brownley, THG Geophysics, Ltd.; Kate McKinley, THG Geophysics, Ltd. In the presentation, we discuss the numerical implementation of our 3D modeling and inversion algorithm. We also present the application of the Composite liner systems for landfills that satisfy of Subtitle D regulations developed algorithm based on airborne SkyTEM data and groundbased require the placement of a subbase with a hydraulic conductivity of at tTEM data. least 1x10-6 cm/sec. Compacted clay is commonly used to achieve such low hydraulic conductivity values. Additionally, to maximize the air space Presentation No. 158 available for the placement of waste, the construction of the cell involves PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDERS V. CHRISTIANSEN excavating to a depth below original grade that is determined by the locales EMAIL: [email protected] groundwater exclusionary zone. Unfortunately, changes in groundwater head levels can bring groundwater to surface on the side-slopes beneath COMPARING A NEW TOWED TEM SYSTEM TO the newly-lined landfill cell. Water discharging beneath the side slope of a GEOPHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DATA lined cell can cause failure of the liner system. If the spring discharge is addressed early enough (i.e., pre-waste placement), then liner failure can be Anders V. Christiansen; Esben Auken, Hyrogeophysics Group minimized with post construction remedial measures. - Aarhus University; Jesper Pedersen, Hydrogeophysics Group - Aarhus University; Line Meldgaard Madsen, Hydrogeophysics Soon after the installation of a composite liner at a landfill cell in western Group - Aarhus University Pennsylvania, a sub-liner spring developed on a side slope. The water running down the interface between the liner and the base grade threatened A new towed geophysical transient electromagnetic system (tTEM) has been to damage the liner system. Fortunately, the subbase to the liner system developed at Aarhus University (Auken et al., this conference). The system was constructed of a compacted clay-rich earthen material. Several target zone is the top 30 m – 50 m of the subsurface, which is interesting for frequency domain electromagnetic terrain conductivity meters (FDEM) with infrastructure development, artificial infiltration and surface water-groundwater multiple dipole spacings were deployed to map the groundwater plume. interaction. The development has been driven by the fact that geophysical The shallow focused FDEM was able to map the plume in detail as the methods capable of imaging this zone has limited efficiency when it comes to groundwater wetted the subbase clay layer. The landfill operator was able creating full 3D images or they do not have sufficient imaging depth. to pull back the liner and install a French drain to channel the water away from the liner. The tTEM system is in this presentation compared to other geophysical methods, namely Vol 23, 1 2018 123
ELECTROMAGNETICS IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 176 Presentation No. 268 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREY KONKOV PRESENTER/CONTACT: DAN GLASER EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] NEAR-SURFACE EXPLORATION WITH HIGH FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC THE USAGE OF CONTROLLED SOURCE RESPONSE FROM SHORT AND LONG WIRES RADIOMAGNETOTELLURICS FOR IED AND TUNNEL DETECTION Andrey Konkov, Geodevice LLC; Arseny Shlykov, Geodevice LLC; Dan Glaser, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory Alexander Saraev; Alexander Simakov, Saint Petersburg State University Detection of buried unexploded ordinance and improvised explosive devices is a problem that continues to challenge the US military. Detection of tunnels, or Controlled source radio-magnetotellurics (CSRMT) is a high-frequency the infrastructure in tunnels has also been a persistent and perplexing problem. sounding method based on measuring the electromagnetic field at frequency While commercial off the shelf electromagnetic induction systems, generally range from 1 to 1000 kHz. Grounded wire (as for CSAMT method) or vertical operating below 100 kHz, have helped to address detection of UXO, they can loop (horizontal magnetic dipole) usually play a role of the electromagnetic field fail to detect non-metallic UXO and small metallic parts of IEDs. source for CSRMT implementation. Within the scope of method’s fulfilment, the electric and magnetic components of the field are measured. That allows Previous work has demonstrated the applicability of high-frequency EMI, computing surface impedance and deploying magnetotelluric theory for data up to 15MHz, for the detection and classification of small metallic parts and processing and inversion. The depth of investigation in the CSRMT method non-metallic targets by targeting resonance frequencies of materials such as depends on frequency and resistivity (as skin-depth). Usually frequency range carbon fibre well outside of the standard frequency range used in UXO and IED 1÷1000 kHz corresponds to depths from first meters to first thousands of detection. meters. High frequencies favor rapid field measurements and the usage of ungrounded electrical antennas for simplifying the process of measurements on Here we demonstrate that high-frequency electromagnetic induction relaxation the ice, in the desert, etc. All the mentioned features make the CSRMT method responses of specific components of the UXO, IED and tunnel construction as very useful and powerful tool for near-surface EM exploration. materials such as wires, cables, and other infrastructure, targets generally too small for COTS systems to meaningfully detect can result in a clear HFEMI This study is meant to discuss the typical equipment that is required for the signature that can be used for classification of those targets. We show HFEMI method’s successful realization and to present a few case studies devoted to signatures from short and long wires, as well as, multi-core cabling. the solution of such practical tasks as mapping sands and gravel deposits and engineering investigations in permafrost regions. 124 Vol 23, 1 2018
ELECTROMAGNETICS IIITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 183 in northern Ohio, an integrated geophysical investigation was conducted in an TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ESBEN AUKEN area of landfilling based on anecdotal evidence. Previous investigations had not EMAIL: [email protected] been conducted. Information on the location and extents of the landfilled areas from historical maps and aerial images was sparse at best, making selection A NEW TOWED GROUNDBASED TEM SYSTEM of strategic sampling locations a challenge. Electromagnetic and ground FOR 3D IMAGING OF THE TOP 70 METER OF penetrating radar surveys were conducted to delineate suspected landfilled THE SUBSURFACE areas and focus subsequent sampling investigations. The electromagnetic and ground penetrating radar investigation was effective in delineating the location Esben Auken, Hyrogeophysics Group - Aarhus University; Anders of the landfilled areas and allowed for the strategic placement of test pit and V. Christiansen; Jesper Pedersen, Hydrogeophysics Group - confirmation sampling locations. When properly integrated and sequenced, Aarhus University; Nikolaj Foiged, HydroGeophysics Group, these surveys can reduce costs, increase margins of safety, improve project Aarhus University; Tore Eiskjær, HydroGeophysics Group, Aarhus efficiency, and enhance subsurface detail. University Presentation No. 218 Most human activities take place in the top 30 m – 50 m of the subsurface. PRESENTER/CONTACT: JÜRGEN SCHEIBZ Examples are infrastructure development, artificial infiltration and surface EMAIL: [email protected] water-groundwater interaction in the critical zone. However, hitherto the geophysical methods capable of imaging this zone has limited efficiency when DUALEM4UNDERWATER – FREQUENCY it comes to creating full 3D images. DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS FOR NEAR SURFACE The overall design goal of the system was to develop a system capable of SEDIMENT CHARACTERIZATION IN SHALLOW imaging from the surface to a depth of 30 m (which turned out to be 60 – 80 m) FRESH WATER, A CASE STUDY FROM at a high resolution, both horizontally and depth-wise. In that sense, the tTEM EASTERN NORWAY depth resolution bridges the resolution gap from high-resolution, near-surface EM Induction systems and deeper lower resolutions airborne systems. Data Jürgen Scheibz, NGI; Fernando Monteiro Santos, Universidade de has to be unquestionable without bias and the system transfer function (STF) Lisboa completely known. To achieve this goal the system uses a one-turn 2 x 4 m transmitter loop mounted on a frame on sledges and towed by an all-terrain Drillings on/in rivers and lakes are very expensive, therefore knowledge about vehicle. The receiver coil is a 650 kHz suspended induction coil in a 9 m offset the shallow subsurface below is sparse and often limited to sonar based configuration. The system operates at low and high transmitter moments (LM, measurements. While engineering geophysical measurements are a proven HM) to achieve both shallow and deep information. The LM transmits 2.4 tool for pre-investigations they are mainly limited to land based application, Amp with a turn-off time of 2.6 us and a first usable gate at 4 us (times from and measurements in/over water-bodies are very rare. An ERT survey was beginning of the ramp) while HM transmits 30 Amp. The repetition frequencies performed in 2015 across the Oppstadåa river (Eastern Norway). Boreholes on for the two moments are approx. 2000 Hz and 800 Hz. A full dataset is obtained both riverbanks revealed 20 m bedrock topography displacement on only 150 every 0.8 sec corresponding to 3 – 4 m spacing between soundings with a m distance and several profiles crossing the river were carried out to map the production speed of 15 – 20 km/h. Data are inverted using Aarhus Workbench, bedrock for the design of a bridge foundation. Driven by the results NGI made enabling processing, STF[aab1] modelling and spatially constrained inversion. test measurement with a custom-built EMI streamer to map the soil/rock below the bottom of shallow (less than 10 m) fresh water. In the presentation, we discuss the system design and demonstrate the imaging capability in an 800-hectare large survey over highly heterogeneous For the survey we adapted a DualEM 421 sensor which simultaneously glacial geological setting. measures the apparent electrical conductivity at six different depth of exploration. During the measurements the sensor was submerged at a Presentation No. 199 constant depth of 3 m below water level and towed from a boat. For processing PRESENTER/CONTACT: CHRISTOPHER BUCKMAN and inversion, the software package EM4SOIL, a nonlinear smoothness- EMAIL: [email protected] constrained inversion algorithm for the inversion of DualEM data was adapted, using a quasi-2D approach. For the surrounding water layer, we assumed GEOPHYSICAL MAPPING FOR LANDFILL a homogenous conductivity of 2.5 mS/m, based on continuous conductivity DELINEATION IN SUPPORT OF CONCEPTUAL measurements along the EMI transects. The results showed a good fit with SITE MODEL DEVELOPMENT inversion results from ERT measurement and proved that it was possible to map the sediment for water depths below 10 m, using a low budget adaption of Christopher Buckman, Wood Environment and Infrastructure a standard sensor. Solutions Digital geophysical mapping (DGM) has been a time-proven process to provide qualitative and quantitative subsurface information for environmental investigations and used to develop site investigation and remediation strategies. A majority of DGM surveys are conducted in the initial phases of site characterization efforts and often form the basis of conceptual site models (CSMs) . With increasing redevelopment and reuse of former industrial sites, cost effective methods to adequately assess potentially impacted properties that limit risk to proposed land reuse are needed. As a result of client-driven objectives or local, state or federal regulatory requirement, detailed knowledge of the subsurface is often needed to implement a focused, high resolution sampling program at former industrial sites for site characterization or to fill data gaps that may exist from previous investigations. At an active railyard site Vol 23, 1 2018 125
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM(ESTCP) SPONSORED ORDNANCE CLASSIFICATION RESULTS AND RE-ANALYSESTUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 79 and processed all 2803 cued data sets collected over demonstration area. TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: GREG ABRAMS All data were analyzed using our advanced, electromagnetic induction (EMI) models (such as orthonormalized volume magnetic source (ONVMS)), joint EMAIL: [email protected] diagonalization (JD) and differential evolution (DE) techniques. A multi-step process was utilized. First, data were pre-processed using a multi-static CONSIDERATIONS FOR ADVANCED response data matrix eigenvalue approach. Next, for each anomaly, extrinsic GEOPHYSICAL CLASSIFICATION INTEGRATION features (locations and orientations) and intrinsic features (total ONVMS, i.e. ON GUAM effective polarizabilities) were calculated using the combined ONVMS-DE algorithm for one, two and three sources. Next, the extracted total ONVMS Greg Abrams, Weston Solutions; Ryan Steigerwalt, Weston features were clustered using the attributes of both size and decay, facilitating Solutions ; Tom King, Weston Solution the creation of custom training lists. Finally, using ground truth of The American territory of Guam was invaded by the Japanese military on Presentation No. 195 December 8, 1941. The occupation ended in 1944 when the United States PRESENTER/CONTACT: MATTHEW BARNER liberated the island from the Japanese. Heavy military activity during this period EMAIL: [email protected] and other military operations distributed a variety of American and Japanese war time remnants, including munitions and explosives of concern (MEC). MEC LESSONS LEARNED FROM LIVE SITES are a safety hazard and may be an endangerment to construction personnel DEMONSTRATIONS IN CHALLENGING and the local population if encountered. As a requirement of the Military ENVIRONMENTS Construction (MILCON) program, a removal action is required in advance of construction for sites with a probability of encountering MEC. To provide Matthew Barner, Tetra Tech EC, Inc.; Elise Goggin, Tetra Tech insight and consideration for future MILCON efforts, Weston Solutions, Inc. integrated advanced geophysical classification (AGC) with an ongoing MEC The Live Sites Demonstration program was an effective program by which removal action project being performed at Andersen Air Force Base. This emerging advanced electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor technology was Environmental Security Technology Certification Program demonstration yielded challenged by a broad spectrum of site conditions and targets of interest (TOIs). positive results achieving correct classification of all targets of interest and The program benefits munitions response practitioners and stakeholders retrospectively reducing the number of clutter or non-munitions related material through sharing of successes and failures and the resulting lessons learned. that would require intrusive investigation by 81%. While the AGC results show Tetra Tech EC, Inc. (TtEC) took part in Live Site Demonstrations at Southwest a notable reduction in costly intrusive work is possible, our experience provides Proving Ground (SWPG) in 2015, and Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (JOAAP) in insight to the many extrinsic complications which need to be considered for 2016. Unforeseen conditions at each of these sites resulted in the need for data future work on Guam when applying AGC. Out of the 25 survey days onsite analysis procedures to be modified to account for these unexpected challenges. with our geophysics team and UXO Technician escort, upwards of 10 combined The challenges included performing classification in high density clutter areas, field days were lost due to weather implications with the technology. Significant resolving positioning gaps in robotic total station (RTS) data in dense woods, coordination and cost was required to mobilize the TEMTADS 2x2 and ancillary and utilizing inertial measurement unit (IMU) data with abrupt changes in sensor equipment not readily available on island. Trouble shooting, status reporting and pitch and roll during dynamic collection due to rough terrain. Each of these the shipment of replacement parts contended with a 15 hr. time zone difference. instances had yielded valuable lessons learned in applying data corrections and Reflecting upon the unique challenges encountered during this demonstration, maintaining stakeholder confidence in delivered results. we intend to provide information to improve and enhance the implementation of AGC on Guam. Presentation No. 179 Presentation No. 236 PRESENTER/CONTACT: FRIDON SHUBITIDZE PRESENTER/CONTACT: KEVIN KINGDON EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] CLASSIFICATION OF SMALL TOI IN HIGHLY APPLYING ADVANCED GEOPHYSICAL CLUTTERED AREAS CLASSIFICATION AT HIGH TARGET DENSITY SITES Fridon Shubitidze, Dartmouth College; Irma Shamatava, Kevin Kingdon; Barry Zelt, Black Tusk Geophysics; Leonard This paper describes the procedures and approaches used by our team to Pasion, Black Tusk Geophysics; Nicolas Lhomme, Black Tusk detect and classify small targets of interest (TOI) at high-density contaminated Geophysics; Laurens Beran, Black Tusk Geophysics UXO Live Sites. Namely, results presented here were obtained as part of Live Site UXO classification demonstration study at the former Fort Ord, CA Over the course of the ESTCP demonstration program, advanced geophysical conducted under the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program classification (AGC) techniques have been refined to address increasingly (ESTCP). Fort Ord was established in 1917 as a training and staging facility for difficult challenges. This presentation will highlight ESTCP demonstration infantry troops. The site was used by cavalry, field artillery, and infantry units sites where high target densities posed unique challenges for successful AGC for manoeuvres, target ranges, and other purposes. From 1947 to 1974, Fort implementation. Algorithms and workflows developed to address high target Ord was a basic training center. After 1975, the 7th Infantry Division occupied densities at a range of ESTCP sites will be presented and the effectiveness of Fort Ord. Fort Ord was officially closed in September 1994. Military munitions these methods will be assessed. We also show how lessons learned from high were fired and used on the facility, including artillery and mortar projectiles, density ESTCP live sites were applied to a recent MMRP Treatability Study rockets and guided missiles, rifle and hand grenades, land mines, pyrotechnics, at Mt Owen, CA. At this site dynamic and cued Man Portable Vector (MPV) bombs, and demolition materials. A small portion (Units 11 and 12) of the site advanced EMI data were acquired over a suspected burn pit that contained was selected for demonstrations because it was high-density contaminated regions of high target densities. area and contains a wide range of munitions, such as 37mm, 40mm, 57mm, 60mm, 75mm, 90mm, 105mm, and 155mm projectiles. Our team received 126 Vol 23, 1 2018
GEOPHYSICS EDUCATION ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 68 Studies have shown that retention of students in STEM programs is TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: RICHARD KRAHENBUHL strongly linked to success in math classes. For students in the geosciences, EMAIL: [email protected] particularly those recruited from non-STEM disciplines, the typical requirement of 1-2 semesters of calculus can feel overwhelming. One year BUILDING A LARGE, OUTDOOR, ago, with grant support from the NSF Geopath Program, the Earth and UNDERGROUND GEOPHYSICAL EDUCATION Environmental Science department at Temple University started a math- LABORATORY AT COLORADO SCHOOL OF mentoring program. Students who did poorly in their previous math classes, MINES or new students who are simply anxious about math, are paired with an upper level geoscience major. They meet at least once a week, with their Richard Krahenbuhl, Colorado School of Mines; Brian Passerella, mentor who provides peer coaching, including homework help, study tips, Colorado School of Mines; Hanna Flamme, Colorado School of advising, and guides them to additional online and campus math resources. Mines; Glenna Crookston, Colorado School of Mines; Dana Sirota, The mentees are required to report their homework and quiz scores to a Colorado School of Mines graduate student coordinator who monitors all of the student-mentor pairs. We are developing qualitative and quantitative measure to assess whether The Department of Geophysics at Colorado School of Mines is building a large, having a mentor improves outcomes. Qualitative measures include a math outdoor, underground laboratory for geophysical education. The project began anxiety survey administered at the start and end of the semester and in Spring 2016 with the demolition of of the old physics building, Meyer Hall, and interviews with student and their mentors. A quantitative model that will test construction of the CoorsTek Center for Applied Science and Engineering in its whether mentored students exceed expectations based on predictive factors place. In preparation for construction, a large grassy field, Kafadar Commons, such as math SAT scores, overall GPA, math placement scores, grades in was stripped and established as a staging area in front of the Green Center and previous math classes, and course sequencing, is being developed using the future CoorsTek building. The Department of Geophysics was subsequently data drawn from the college population as a whole. Because the mentors given a small, one-time window of opportunity, between the completion of are all volunteers, if the program is deemed a success It can be sustained CoorsTek and the rebuild of Kafadar Commons, to construct the underground beyond the grant period with just the cost of funding a part-time math mentor laboratory with distributed sensors, boreholes, and numerous targets of varying coordinator. physical properties, geometries, depths, and levels of overlap/interference. The field site has been designed by Senior Design students and their advisor, working Presentation No. 122 closely with additional geophysics faculty, the CSM Architect, and colleagues and PRESENTER/CONTACT: ABDELMONEAM RAEF alumni from the USGS, Army Corps of Engineers, Sandia National Labs, and EMAIL: [email protected] Pacific Northwest National Labs. The targets have been selected to represent, as best as possible, sources related to civil infrastructure, archaeology, forensics, GEOSCIENCE EDUCATION UTILIZING humanitarian efforts, geology, and hazards. The project items include: SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS STYLE: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE • Shallow, deep, dipping, isolated, and overlapping utility targets with varying EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTENT ICONIZATION electrical and magnetic properties AND CONDENSATION • Large dipping cement slab Abdelmoneam Raef, Kansas State University; Sabreen Gad, • G ranitic block Kansas State university; Matthew Totten, Kansas State University • Building foundation • Interconnected archaeology walls Amid the spectacular rise of the use of social media rapid and condensed • C emetery with modern and old toe-pincher coffins, bones, and a shallow grave communication styles (RCCS), college students can easily acclimate • Large M with eight distinct segments: cement, clay, rock, wood, iron, and benefit from condensed and iconized learning (CIL) materials and instructional styles. In response to the need to assess learning and teaching aluminum, pvc with water, and pvc with air with RCCS-like approach of communication, we conducted a study with • 5 5 gallon plastic drum with highly saline water main focus of evaluating CIL application through survey-based learning • U XO grid efficiency evaluation for a sample of more than two hundred college students • D AS/DTS grid enrolled in introductory physical geology classes. We taught a sample of • Open and metal cased boreholes the students’ population two topics: one with CIL and the other without the • Well-pair straddling a utility tunnel with specialized electrodes for cross-hole use CIL teaching and learning. The students were more motivated to learn and explore and showed evidence of more focus on the fundamentals and ERT and seismic details of the topic where we applied CIL teaching and learning approach. • A few surprise targets The main impact of CIL stem from the fact that it presents the concepts and comparative aspects of the syllabus in simple, condensed, and iconized The collection of items offers numerous opportunities for both single-method and style with appeal similarity to that of using iconized messages in the social integrated interpretations. The laboratory is currently under construction with an media. Iconizing and condensing concepts in physical geology seems to be expected completion of December 2017 and preliminary data shortly thereafter. natural approach, since most of the content is over geological processes and features that are docile to graphically condensing and symbolizing Presentation No. 114 course content and developing learning assessments responsive to such an PRESENTER/CONTACT: JONATHAN NYQUIST approach of learning. We claim that CIL style of teaching and learning has EMAIL: [email protected] transformational potential of increasing the in-memory residence life-time and deepening the understanding of the taught topics. RETENTION OF GEOSCIENCE MAJOR THROUGH PEER-MENTORING IN MATHEMATICS Jonathan Nyquist, Temple University; Gina Pope, Temple University; Laura Toran, Temple University; Alexandra Davatzes, Temple University; Carol Brandt, Temple University Vol 23, 1 2018 127
GEOPHYSICS EDUCATION IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 147 research group. We then discuss how the geophysical simulations in SimPEG TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: WILLIAM SAUCK are re-packaged, using freely available tools in Python, in EMAIL: [email protected] (1) web-based textbooks (http://geosci.xyz) to provide context and FORTY-FIVE YEARS OF TEACHING GEOPHYSICS LABORATORY EXERCISES (2) interactive apps to enable learners to explore the physical systems introduced to them. William Sauck, Western Michigan University These resources have been used in an undergraduate geophysics course This will be a wide-ranging presentation reviewing my 45-year history of teaching at UBC, and in a short-course (http://disc2017.geosci.xyz) targeted at geophysics. Emphasis will be on equipment and computers as used in practical researchers and industry professionals being delivered in laboratory exercises. Examples of some of the topics to be presented are as follows. The advantages and disadvantages of having and using the latest Presentation No. 192 equipment and software. Convincing a University to permit building a field PRESENTER/CONTACT: SHARI KELLEY geophysical test site. Design and use of the geophysical test site. Things that can EMAIL: [email protected] be done indoors when inclement weather prevents a scheduled outdoor exercise. The water-filled modeling tank for electrical resistivity exercises. How to simulate ANOTHER SAGE SUCCESS STORY: a large horizontal conductive sheet for an EM exercise using several meters of MONITORING GROUNDWATER TEMPERATURE wire. Using existing University buried utilities as targets for field exercises. Steel RISE DURING AQUIFER RECOVERY AT THE flagpoles and magnetic surveying. Handling and care of the wires, ropes, and tape BUCKMAN MUNICIPAL WELL FIELD, SANTA FE, measures used for surveying. Dealing with dogs, cattle, horses, turkeys and small NEW MEXICO boys during off-campus exercises. Causing surreptitious instrument power failures and observing student recovery times. Getting across the concepts regarding Shari Kelley, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral the need for 4-electrode systems (vs. 2-electrode) for resistivity work, using body Resources; Paul Bedrosian, US Geological Survey; Larry Braile, potentials, different metal electrodes, beakers of water, contact resistances, etc. Purdue University; John Ferguson, Univerity of Texas, Dallas; Building your own non-polarizing electrodes. In summary, these and other tips and Darcy McPhee, U.S. Geological Survey; Louise Pellerin, Green experiences presented here may be helpful to young PhD’s who are starting their Geophysics, Inc.; Matt Ralston, Eiwtgeo academic careers. Students attending the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE) field Presentation No. 180 course in Santa Fe have had a unique opportunity to collect repeat temperature PRESENTER/CONTACT: SEOGI KANG profile data in monitoring wells in the Buckman municipal well field (BMWF) between EMAIL: [email protected] 2013 and 2017. The BMWF is a significant source of residential water for the city of Santa Fe. Over the last five years, students have analyzed thermal profiles and EXPANDING THE SCOPE OF OPEN SOURCE discharge temperatures in both monitoring and production wells in the BMWF; the SOFTWARE FROM RESEARCH TO GEOPHYSICS students have learned that these repeat measurements record the complex interplay EDUCATION of cooling in aquifers during times of high production and warming during recovery from overproduction. When BMWF was in high production before 2003, a significant SEOGI KANG, UBC; Rowan Cockett; Douglas Oldenburg; Lindsey cone of depression formed, creating horizontal hydraulic gradients that drew in water Heagy, University of British Columbia from shallow aquifers, thus cooling portions of the deeper semi-confined aquifer system. As production decreased after 2003, the cone of depression relaxed and Developing geophysical simulation software to answer research questions vertical hydraulic gradients associated with the regional-scale groundwater flow requires pondering and exposing access to the details of the implementation. system began to warm the aquifer after a lag time of a decade. Students used Tinkering with these pieces is where methodologies can be developed, geologic, geophysical, and geochemical data to identify important stratigraphic scientific questions addressed, and new questions found. To capture and discontinuities and subsurface faults that compartmentalize the aquifer and bring disseminate this knowledge, it must be packaged to promote application warm water into the Buckman area. In addition, students have measured thermal and reuse by other researchers. Within the context of education, we profiles in water wells throughout the Santa Fe region to establish the nature of the require tools that enable a spectrum of people interested in geophysical regional-scale thermal regime. We have used these regional data sets to evaluate applications, including students, researchers, and industry professionals, to the geothermal potential of Santa Fe County. We intend to build on this success by explore geophysical concepts. These applications use the same underlying continuing repeat measurements in the BMWF and expanding our research efforts scientific methodologies, however, each audience requires abstractions into the nearby Valles Caldera National Preserve. SAGE students will work with the that capture various levels of details relevant to them: from introducing National Park Service in coming years to perform a comprehensive geophysical a concept, developing research tools, to disseminating that knowledge investigation (including EM, seismic, gravity, and thermal data) of the caldera. in a reusable form. SimPEG (Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics, http://simpeg.xyz) is an open-source geophysical simulation and inversion software package; seven different geophysical methods, including magnetics, gravity, DC resistivity, induced polarization, frequency and time domain electromagnetics, magnetotellurics and vadose zone fluid flow, have been developed under SimPEG’s umbrella. The SimPEG framework has been designed to provide the structure and supporting code- base for these methods to work together in a consistent, accessible way. This has allowed our researchers to readily explore, experiment with and communicate geophysical concepts in a consistent and accessible manner. In this presentation, we will first discuss how we use SimPEG to facilitate the exploration of research questions and promote communication within our own 128 Vol 23, 1 2018
TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS GEOPHYSICS EDUCATION II TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 193 PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEFFREY PAINE EMAIL: [email protected] STUDENT-LED HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COLORADO RIVER ALLUVIAL TERRACES NEAR AUSTIN, TEXAS USING INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL METHODS Jeffrey Paine, The University of Texas at Austin; Matthew Brawner; Lane Clark; Lacey Ellis; Dylan Hart; Brian Ingamells; Kian Maharaj; Elizabeth Menezes; Zach Mungia; Chris Linick; Brandon Tober; Shuai Yan; Sophie Goliber; John Holt, University of Texas Institute for Geophysics Students in the University of Texas at Austin’s Hydrogeophysics field course deployed several geophysical instruments at Commons Ford Ranch Metropolitan Park, a small (0.9 km2) public park on the Colorado River, in the karstic hill country west of Austin, Texas. Goals were to (a) become familiar with the theory, operation, and application of near-surface geophysical instruments, and (b) use these instruments in an Austin-area hydrogeological investigation. The field site has diverse hydrogeologic features including at least three Quaternary alluvial terraces, a nearby historic spring on the Colorado River that was flooded when the river was dammed, and stacked aquifer systems. Our four-day field campaign during the Fall 2017 semester employed electromagnetic, electrical resistivity, seismic, ground-penetrating radar, and airborne lidar methods. These surveys reveal that the lowest-elevation terrace, adjacent to the Colorado River, is a mainly flat, 8-10 m thick layer of sandy alluvium within which the water saturation increases with depth. Adjacent to this terrace is a second, raised terrace composed of alluvium that is more electrically resistive and drier. An electrical resistivity transect across these two terraces reveals a stair-stepped flood-plain thickness that is consistent with the erosional contact with underlying Cretaceous Glen Rose Limestone bedrock. GPR data acquired using 50-, 100-, and 200-MHz antennas revealed intra-alluvial and likely bedrock reflectors where bedrock is shallow. Frequency- domain EM data revealed apparent conductivity variations caused by differences in lithology (alluvium and bedrock) and water saturation. Direct and critically refracted arrivals in seismic data were used to determine water-table depths and alluvial thickness on the lowest terrace. Results from time-domain EM measurements and resistivity surveys were used to estimate alluvial thicknesses within the lower and intermediate terraces. TDEM soundings also detected a deeper conductive layer that is interpreted to be the top of Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks shed from the Ouachita orogenic belt. Vol 23, 1 2018 129
KARST AND SINKHOLESTUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 7 were classified into moist soil ( < 5 0 ohm.m), dry soil (125 ohm.m), moist TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: PAULI SAKSA rock (≥125 ohm.m), and dry rock (≥1500 ohm.m). The bedrock surface EMAIL: [email protected] topography in many instances appeared to depict the ground surface topographic expression. ELECTROMAGNETIC, GPR AND THERMAL MAPPING OF SINKHOLES FOR GROUND Presentation No. 173 REINFORCEMENT PRESENTER/CONTACT: RYAN BRUMBAUGH EMAIL: [email protected] Pauli Saksa, Geosto Ltd.; Kalle Rantala, Helsinki City COMBINED USE OF SURFACE AND BOREHOLE The city of Helsinki is expanding and building new residence areas in places GEOPHYSICAL METHODS TO INFORM which may have been filled for long periods of time with heterogeneous REMEDIATION AND MONITORING DESIGN ground and infillings. One of these areas, named Jätkäsaari, is an artificially DECISIONS expanded island that is under construction. It has been observed that small sinkholes (extent ~ m2) have appeared in unexpected places, and that the Ryan Brumbaugh, Mundell & Associates, Inc.; Forrest Kunkel, subsurface soil matrix transportation process is driven by sea water level Mundell & Associates, Inc.; John Mundell, Mundell & Associates, Inc. fluctuations. There is the need to locate developing sinkholes for ground reinforcement actions. The release of petroleum hydrocarbons from underground storage tanks is a common cause for remediation efforts. The total cost and time required An electromagnetic (EM) short coil spacing instrument, ground penetrating to complete the remediation effort for a particular project is directly radar (GPR) and airborne thermal imaging were used to test at a selected related to how well the site conditions are understood. This has made property area of interest in October 2016. The size of the area mapped in detail the process of developing a quality conceptual site model a critical early with EM and GPR was 4120 m2 and the size of the area with thermal imaging step for successful remediation of sites with karst topography or other was larger than 10000 m2. The objectives were to locate sinkholes at the site, complex geology. This case history will review how a phased approach study how various methods suit to mapping, how consistently the results fit of surface based geophysics, strategically placed confirmation borings, together, and derive recommendations for future use. and borehole geophysical logging can greatly enhance the understanding of horizontal and vertical contaminant migration, resulting in improved EM multifrequency and GPR data was first interpreted by classifying the remediation and monitoring design decision making. The first phase identified objects and by subsequent joint interpretation. Airborne thermal included a review of existing site information, e.g., geology maps, boring imaging also located multiple spots to be assessed. Most of the potential areas logs, etc., electromagnetic terrain conductivity mapping, ground penetrating covering GPR and EM objects occupied 16.5 % of the site. radar imaging, and two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging. Results provided refined understanding of the bedrock surface, identified potential Conclusions lateral migration pathways, and guided monitoring well placement. The second phase involved geophysical logging of boreholes to provide Results indicated that there were not likely sinkholes that were over one insight into vertical migration pathways and to identify optimal screened meter in diameter at the study area and close to outcrop. EM or GPR interval depths for bedrock monitoring well construction. Borehole logging can be used for detailed mapping, and thermal imaging suits better for tools included caliper, EM induction, natural gamma, optical televiewer, larger scale pre-mapping. EM revealed also one probable waste disposal acoustical televiewer, and heat pulse flow meter probes. This phased subarea. Indications of metallic subsurface structures were also recorded. approach enables efficient and effective remediation to occur by refining Information can be useful in steering of reinforcement activities and to the conceptual site model and guiding remediation and monitoring efforts. avoid damaging of drilled piles. Presentation No. 237 Presentation No. 142 PRESENTER/CONTACT: RICK HOOVER PRESENTER/CONTACT: KENNETH BANSAH EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] KARST RE-ASSESSMENT AFTER REMEDIATION MAPPING SUBSURFACE IN KARST TERRAIN - A CASE HISTORY USING 2-D ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY Rick Hoover, Quality Geosciences Company, LLC; Kevin Barnhart, Advantage Engineering Kenneth Bansah, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Neil Anderson, Missouri S&T After sinkhole development and partial building collapse in 2013, a resistivity survey was performed to evaluate the mechanisms and extent of the sink Karst terrain is a unique and complex environment and has been a subject feature. The resistivity data indicated two bedrock fractures emanating from of increasing investigation for engineering, geotechnical, environmental, and the sinkhole feature. Soil borings were used to verify the features, and flowable archeological purposes. In this study, the electrical resistivity tomography fill was injected into the fractures to mitigate further soil migration. (ERT) technique was used to image a test site in southwestern Missouri with the goal to map variable depth-to-bedrock and to characterize subsurface Karst mitigation by PennDOT on the highway in front of the facility heightened lithologic conditions. The ERT technique employed a multi-electrode concerns for karst development around the building. A repeat of the 2013 resistivity system, powered by a 12–volt deep cycle marine battery, 5 feet survey was requested to evaluate current soil migration and potential electrode spacing, and a dipole-dipole array configuration with the intent sinkhole development. Performing the repeat resistivity survey provided a to map the subsurface to a depth of at least 100 feet. The output, a two- unique opportunity to assess the repeatability of a resistivity survey, and the dimensional (2-D) resistivity profile, was verified and constrained with active effectiveness of the grouting program. multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) data. The resistivity of the soils and pervasively fractured bedrock was observed to be mostly controlled by moisture content. Based on the moisture content, the soils and rocks 130 Vol 23, 1 2018
TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS KARST AND SINKHOLES TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 247 PRESENTER/CONTACT: SHISHAY KIDANU EMAIL: [email protected] 3D ERT IMAGING OF SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE OF A SINKHOLE IN GREENE COUNTY, MISSOURI Shishay Kidanu, Missouri S&T; Evgeniy Torgashov, Missouri S&T; Neil Anderson, Missouri S&T Thousands of sinkholes have been identified in the state of Missouri; Greene County, in particular, is one of the counties in the state most known for the occurrence of sinkholes. Sinkholes that suddenly collapse can result in loss of human life and property; and ground deformation associated with subsidence sinkholes often damage infrastructure, such as highways and utilities. Investigating the subsurface structure of existing sinkholes and their development mechanism helps to predict their subsequent impact and chance of reactivation and provide applicable remedial and mitigation measures. 2D ERT geophysical investigation has been conducted on a sinkhole site in Greene County Missouri (Shishay et al., 2016) and the results have shown the suitability of 2D ERT method to image the subsurface structure and understand the formation mechanism of the sinkhole. In some situations, 2D ERT images are less accurate than desired due to the fact that 2D ERT processing software cannot compensate for the lateral variations in resistivity that occur outside of the vertical plane of 2D ERT profile. Three dimensional (3D) changes in resistivity can be mapped using true 3D ERT acquisition and processing method, but it tends to be costly and time consuming. Therefore, in this study, a convenient alternative called pseudo 3D ERT method is applied, which is expected to have a higher resolution than the previously done (Shishay et al., 2016) conventional 2D ERT and significantly less expensive than true 3D ERT data. As compared to the 2D ERT, the results from the Pseudo 3D ERT showed a better 3D image of the subsurface structure of the sinkhole and improved the understanding of the sinkhole formation processes. Vol 23, 1 2018 131
MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 4 Presentation No. 26 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ZHIQU LU PRESENTER/CONTACT: KOICHI HAYASHI EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] FARMLAND COMPACTION STUDY USING A HIGH FREQUENCY SURFACE WAVE METHOD APPLICATION OF 3D AMBIENT NOISE TOMOGRAPHY TO ENVIRONMENTAL Zhiqu Lu, National Center for Physical Acoustics, The University AND ENGINEERING STUDY IN THE of Mississippi; Glenn Wilson, USDA-ARS National Sedimentation SACRAMENTO-SAN JOAQUIN DELTA Labortory; Mark Shankle, Mississippi State University Koichi Hayashi, OYOUSA; Mitchell Craig, California State For soil exploration in the vadose zone, a high-frequency multi-channel University, East Bay; Niket Kundariya; Maximillian Burnham, analysis of surface waves (HF-MASW) method has been developed with [email protected]] enhanced techniques, including: - To develop non-invasive methods for environmental and engineering study of (1) the self-adaptive MASW method using a variable sensor spacing delta regions, geophysical investigations were carried out at several sites in configuration, the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta including Twitchell, Sherman, and Bethel islands. The geophysical methods include active and passive surface wave (2) a phase-only processing algorithm, and methods and ground penetrating radar. This paper summarizes acquisition and analysis of 3D passive surface wave data at two of the sites Twitchell (3) a nonlinear acoustic technique with gaped frequency range excitations. and Sherman islands. Thirty-six wireless seismic data acquisition units with vertical component 2 Hz geophones were used to record ambient noise. Each In this study, we applied this enhanced HF-MASW method to study compaction unit includes a GPS clock so that all units can be synchronized over any effects on a farmland. The testing site was located at the Mississippi Agriculture distance without cables. Data acquisition used a 45 x 45 m of square array and Forestry Experiment Station facility at Pontotoc, MS. The soils were of 36 geophones with a spacing of 9 m between geophones. One half of the compacted using a John Deere 7320 tractor with four staggered wheel passes geophones was moved up forward every 15 to 20 min. and the total survey to cover the area. Two-dimensional MASW surveys were conducted on both areas were 180 x 45 m and 90 x 45 m at Twitchell and Sherman islands, non-compacted and compacted sites. The vertical cross-section images respectively. Total data acquisition took several hours for each site. Recorded in terms of Shear S-wave images were obtained and compared between ambient noise data were processed using CMP-SPAC method and clear the compacted and non-compacted soils. It was found that the compaction dispersion curves were obtained at both sites. Minimum frequency ranges from causes a significant increasing in the S-wave velocity on the top 20 cm 1 to 3 Hz and maximum frequency ranges from 10 to 20 Hz, depending on soil. The compaction can affect soil properties up to 60 cm deep. The study site. Obtained dispersion curves are generally consistent with those obtained demonstrates the capability of the HF-MASW method to non-invasively assess from the active surface wave method using small linear arrays and the passive compaction effects. surface wave method using small linear and large triangular arrays. Non-linear inversion was performed and 3D S-wave velocity models were obtained. The Presentation No. 25 method penetrated to a depth of 40 m at both sites and provided 3D S-wave PRESENTER/CONTACT: CHOON PARK velocity models of 180 x 45 x 40 m and 90 x 45 x 40 m at Twitchell and EMAIL: [email protected] Sherman islands respectively. Resultant S-wave velocity profiles are generally consistent with existing geological and geotechnical information. MASW SURVEYS WITH MULTIPLE IMPACTS AT MULTIPLE OFFSETS (MIMO) Choon Park, Park Seismic LLC The near-field effect of surface-wave propagation dictates that the distance between the source and the nearest receiver, a distance commonly called source offset (X1), should be set in proportion to the wavelength (λ) of surface waves being measured; X1 = aλ with, for example, a = 0.5. However, during an MASW survey that requires a simultaneous measurement of a broad range of wavelengths, one constant source offset is commonly used as a compromise. Collecting multiple MASW data sets by using multiple source offsets will constitute a significant challenge from both field operation and subsequent data analysis perspectives. A simple approach is introduced that allows multiple impacts (MI) at multiple offsets (MO) during a recording time that is longer than the time normally used for an active MASW survey. For example, a recording time of 15 seconds or longer is used to acquire one field file, during which multiple impacts are applied at different offsets from the nearest receiver as the hammer man walks away from (or into) the receiver array along the linear extension of the receiver array. The subsequent data analysis will separately process surface waves from different impacts to generate separate dispersion images, all of which will then be stacked to produce one final dispersion image that can delineate dispersion properties over a broad range of frequencies (wavelengths). This approach can maximize the accuracy of MASW surveys at both shallow and deep depths with a given length of receiver array at the minimum field operation cost. 132 Vol 23, 1 2018
MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 43 Presentation No. 55 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: KOICHI HAYASHI PRESENTER/CONTACT: KEVIN SAYERS EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] APPLICATION OF UNDERWATER MASW AND APPLICATION OF 2D AMBIENT NOISE ACOUSTIC METHODS IN THE ASSESSMENT TOMOGRAPHY TO LEVEE SAFETY OF SUB-SEABED CONDITIONS PRIOR TO ASSESSMENT IN NEW ORLEANS CONSTRUCTION OF THE MANIFA CAUSEWAY, SAUDI ARABIA Koichi Hayashi, OYOUSA; Juan Lorenzo, Louisiana State University; Adam Gostic, Louisiana State University K. Sayers, T. Fechner, C.B. Park, A. Verweerd, AECOM To develop non-invasive methods for levee inspection, geophysical In order to accurately assess the presence of voids or weak zones below investigations were carried out at three sites along levees in the New Orleans caprock in the construction of the Manifa cause way, Saudi Arabia, a area; Industrial Canal, London Avenue Canal, and 17th Street Canal. Three combination of traditional acoustic geophysical methods and underwater sites sustained damage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and have since been MASW was executed. The pressure exerted by the Manifa causeway unto and rebuilt. The geophysical methods include active and passive surface wave below the seabed may force the caprock layer to break and thus undermine methods, and capacitively coupled resistivity. This paper summarizes data the causeway structure. The purpose of the underwater MASW survey was to acquisition and analysis of 2D passive surface wave data. Twelve wireless provide stiffness values of the materials below the caprock layer to assess the seismic data acquisition units with vertical component 2 Hz geophones were integrity of the design parameters. There are frequent voids found immediately used to record ambient noise data. Each unit includes a GPS clock so that all below the caprock as the loose sands below naturally compact. The concern units can be synchronized over any distance without cables. Data acquisition for the design engineers is the load bearing capacity of the causeway structure. used a linear array with geophone spacing of 5 m and four geophones were The acoustic survey was to be utilized to map the caprock layer over the moved up forward every 10 min. along 400 ~ 1000 m length lines. Total data causeway footprint and the larger sand borrow area. The sand deposits over the acquisition took several hours for each line. Recorded ambient noise data borrow area were to be defined and prioritized by silt content. The sand would were processed using the common midpoint spatial autocorrelation method then be dredged in the caprock areas by the suction method for used in the (CMP-SPAC) and clear dispersion curves were obtained at all sites. Minimum construction of the thirty-two kilometer causeway. This strategy was proposed frequency ranges from 1 to 2 Hz and maximum frequency ranges from 10 to 30 to save costs of indiscriminate use of a cutter dredger that would break the Hz depending on site. Obtained dispersion curves are generally consistent with caprock layer before dredging the sand as is normal practice. We describe the those obtained from active surface wave methods and L-shaped arrays. Non- methodology and results of these two surveys. linear inversion was performed and 2D S-wave velocity models were obtained. The method penetrated to a depth of 40 ~ 60 m and provided 400 ~ 1000 m cross sections along levees. The interpretation focused on identifying zones beneath the levees or canal walls having low S-wave velocities, corresponding to saturated, unconsolidated sands or low-rigidity clays. Resultant S-wave velocity profiles are generally consistent with existing drilling logs and the results of laboratory tests. Vol 23, 1 2018 133
MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 61 Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is used in the oil and gas industries for TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: MICHAEL KALINSKI vertical seismic profiling (VSP). The goal of this study is to investigate the EMAIL: [email protected] use of DAS for near-surface applications. DAS consists of an optical fiber cable connected to an optical interrogator, which injects pulses of coherent IMAGING MULTIPLE-MODE SURFACE WAVE light into the fiber and receives backscattered light. For near-surface DISPERSION PANELS TO ESTIMATE MATERIAL seismic applications the fiber optic cable is buried at shallow depths, DAMPING typically less than a meter. Seismic disturbances strain the buried optical fiber and change the optical path length, which results in phase changes Michael Kalinski, University of Kentucky of the backscattered light measured by the interrogator. These changes are probed at sequentially discrete zone lengths along the entire length of Geophysicists perform in situ seismic surface wave measurements to estimate the fiber, providing an array of continuous sensors on a single strand of shear wave velocity (vs) for the calculation of seismic site response. The fiber. Experiments were performed at a test site where several kilometers Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method has historically been of fiber optic cable had been buried at sub-meter depths. Arrays of vertical used to produce reasonable results, but multiple-channel methods such as geophones were installed at the surface along the path of the cable. the Multichannel-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (MASW) method have been Impulse hammers created seismic waves, which were simultaneously developed and are commonly used as an alternative to the older SASW method. recorded with the geophones and the DAS. A method for quantifying the Experimental dispersion curves acquired using the MASW method are compared repeatability of the signals recorded with the two types of sensors was to theoretical dispersion curves and the experimental data are inverted to developed. It entails calculating the correlation coefficients between estimate the vs profile. Using this approach, a single theoretical dispersion curve multiple signals recorded with the same source at the same location. that represents either the fundamental mode of propagation or a superposition In addition, the coherence function was calculated for signals recorded of the fundamental and higher modes of propagation is typically used. Herein, from different sections of the fiber sensor to determine the suitability theoretical multiple-mode surface wave dispersion data are generated using of using array-processing techniques with DAS. Finally, the two sensor the Dynamic Stiffness Matrix approach and imaged as a continuous dispersion systems were used to conduct surveys employing surface wave methods panel of modal amplitude contoured as a function of surface wave velocity and and the results were compared. Although the seismic surveys conducted frequency. Using the dispersion panel approach, the effect of material damping with geophones provided higher fidelity results the DAS results were in (D) on the dispersion data is apparent, which demonstrates the potential agreement, thus demonstrating its suitability for long term monitoring. usefulness of the dispersion panel approach to estimate D. Presentation No. 74 Presentation No. 89 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREY KONKOV PRESENTER/CONTACT: MARIO CARNEVALE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] PROJECTIONS ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES IBC VS30 METHOD: WHAT DOES IT REALLY (PASW) - DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD AND TELL US? CASE STUDIES Mario Carnevale, Hager GeoScience, Inc. Andrey Konkov, Geodevice LLC; Andrey Lebedev, Institute of Applied Physics; Sergey Manakov, Institute of Applied Physics Putting aside the potential pitfalls and challenges of collecting seismic data, the IBC- prescribed surface wave method for determining average This study is intended to describe the PASW method and the results of its Vs appears to be straightforward. Also straightforward is the application of application. This technique is based on both the analysis of the dispersion and Vs and N-value tables for determining site class and, arguably, earthquake frequency dependence of the Rayleigh wave ellipticity. Unlike for SASW / MASW susceptibility. (Spectral / Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves), during carrying out the PASW method there is no need for a priori information about the pressure wave However, several questions arise when: velocity, or, in other words, about the Poisson’s ratio of the underlying layers. Thus, this technology allows one to reconstruct the velocity profiles of two body • unusual stratigraphy is encountered, waves. By analogy with the names of SASW / MASW, the method is named PASW (Projections Analysis of Surface Waves). The study will describe the • bedrock depths fall within the 30-meter depth range, features of the technology, its advantages and disadvantages. The PASW method has been successfully used to solve various model engineering problems. The • presumed relationships of Vs and N-values do not hold up to scrutiny in accent will be made on two cases: measuring the variations in soil characteristics certain types of saturated sediment, and under controlled saturation with water, and studying the effects of liquefaction. • bedrock velocities and site amplification factors are unknown. Presentation No. 88 PRESENTER/CONTACT: RICHARD COSTLEY Applying the methodology without examining the implications of the above EMAIL: [email protected] complicating factors is problematic. DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING FOR NEAR- This presentation will examine a typical site involving shallow bedrock, SURFACE APPLICATIONS unconsolidated overburden with low N-values and Vs values, and unknown bedrock characteristics. Multi-seismic analyses were performed to Richard Costley, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development determine Vp and Vs of bedrock and unconsolidated overburden, as well Center; Gustavo Galan-Comas, U.S. Army Engineer Research and as to determine the resonance frequency of overburden. The approach Development Center; Janet Simms, U.S. Army Engineer Research used will be examined to evaluate whether the intent of the IBC is met. and Development Center; Clay Kirkendall, Naval Research Laboratory; Kent Hathaway 134 Vol 23, 1 2018
TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) II TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 117 PRESENTER/CONTACT: WILLIAM SEATON EMAIL: [email protected] COMPARISON OF SEISMIC SOURCES FOR MASW INVESTIGATIONS, APPALACHIAN PIEDMONT PROVINCE IN PENNSYLVANIA, USA William Seaton, ARM Group Inc.; Jeffrey Leberfinger, TerranearPMC LLC Three commercially-available portable accelerated weight drop (AWD) seismic sources are compared for use in shallow (0-50 meters depth range) multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) seismic surveys. Tested AWD sources (with hammer weights) include the R.T. Clarke PEG-40 (36 kg ), GISCO ESS-Mini (23 kg ), and GISCO ESS-500 (230 kg). Testing included an array of 24 geophones (4.5 Hz) with a geophone separation distance of 1.5 meters connected to a 24-channel seismograph. MASW survey data was collected at a site in the Piedmont Province of the Appalachian Basin, north eastern USA. The site is underlain by 5-10 meters of unconsolidated overburden composed of clay-rich soil and weathered bedrock overlying variably weathered carbonate bedrock consisting of dolomite and limestone. The site is typical of many areas in the Appalachian Piedmont with carbonate bedrock. Analyses of seismic shot gathers provides a comparison of frequency content vs amplitude, amplitude decay vs travel time, and amplitude vs offset distance for each source. MASW dispersion curves are illustrated for each source with representative 1-D velocity-depth earth models. Fundamental and higher-mode information from each source is presented. The two sources with smaller hammer weights (PEG-40 and ESS-Mini) produce MASW dispersion curves with useable data between 15 and 70 hertz and 1-D velocity models with useful information down to approximately 20 meters. The larger source (ESS-500) produced 1-D velocity models with dispersion curve data between 10 and 80 hertz and subsurface information down to approximately 40 meters. Vol 23, 1 2018 135
MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) IIITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 127 Presentation No. 172 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: PAUL MICHAELS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ALESSANDRO CIRONE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] AN ALTERNATIVE REPRESENTATION OF THE ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF GROUTING SOIL PROFILE FOR MASW ANALYSIS USING MASW SURVEYS Paul Michaels, Boise State University Alessandro Cirone A conventional 1-D representation of the soil profile employed in Multi-channel Pontal Oceânico is an entire new neighborhood located in the Recreio district, Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) consists of a fixed grid of layers. Each covering an area of 600 000 m² , on the west side of Rio de Janeiro. It was layer is assumed elastic with material properties of S-wave velocity, P-wave planned to be the Olympic Media Village during the Rio 2016 Olympic Games velocity, and mass density. Of these three, the S-wave velocity dominates. and then transformed into a residential area. Buildings needed infrastructure Phase velocity dispersion of the Rayleigh wave fundamental mode is often works including excavations, embankments for access roads and the building inverted with the S-wave velocity in each fixed layer being the primary object of of a canal system for managing surface water drainage. investigation. A series of field and laboratory tests were carried out for geotechnical site This paper presents an alternative representation of the soil profile. In this characterization, identifying low bearing capacity and highly compressible alternative, control points are the target of investigation. These control points soft clay deposits in the area. Earthwork structures built on the weak subsoil are free to move both in the S-velocity and depth directions. Between the required a foundation solution against potential failures and large consolidation control points, the elastic moduli are interpolated into fine layers which are able settlements. Design engineers elected to use soil improvement with a Brazilian to represent gradational variation. In this way, the number of unknowns is kept grouting method called CPR Grouting. small compared to the large number of layers. Gradational trends in phase velocity dispersion have been represented well with this approach. The method In order to assess the efficiency of the CPR Grouting, a series of in situ tests is illustrated with synthetic data. references to field data papers are also were carried out, including MASW surveys. Common in situ tests could only provided. The inversion method employed is Singular Value Decomposition provide a local measurement of soil strength, giving poor information about the (SVD). global soil improvement and stiffness. As a matter of fact, SPT or CPT are not directly related with deformation modulus, because predictions rely on empirical Presentation No. 149 correlation and depend on test location. On the other hand, MASW surveys PRESENTER/CONTACT: PAULINE KRUIVER provided a macro scale measurement of soil stiffness by analyzing shear wave EMAIL: [email protected] velocities before and after the treatment, to compare results. COMMON MID-POINT CROSS-CORRELATION Cross sections were compared with a velocity (Vs) difference plot. Analyzing GATHERS OF LONG MASW ARRAY TO the general trends of vertical and horizontal variations, it seems that the Vs IDENTIFY LATERAL HETEROGENEITY OF difference plot identified the depth reached by the ground treatment and UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS quantified properly the efficiency of soil improvement. Pauline Kruiver, Deltares; Marco de Kleine, Deltares; Rik Noorlandt, Deltares; Marios Karaoulis, Deltares Eighteen earthquake monitoring stations were characterised in terms of shear wave velocity (VS). The stations are situated on recent, unconsolidated sediments. Because of the presence of numerous infilled channels, the shallow subsurface in the study area is heterogeneous. The techniques to determine VS included from Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), microtremor array method, cross-hole tomography and Seismic Cone Penetration Tests (SCPT) with varying source offsets. MASW data was shot along a 200 m long array with 2.0m geophone spacing. The dispersion analysis of the MASW data was done in two ways, making use of the different source locations. The first method focuses on getting the highest resolution dispersion map for the whole line. For this, the geophones were sorted according to their source-receiver offset to obtain a virtual denser sampled record. The second method focuses on determining multiple (lower resolution) dispersion maps along the array to detect heterogeneity within the array. In this method, the influence of the source-receiver offset is removed by correlating the recordings from different receivers, for subsequent sources, and stacking these correlations over the sources. Next, virtual records along the array are generated using different correlation pairs. The dispersion behaviour of the virtual records is determined using the Common Mid-Point cross-correlation approach (CMPcc) of Hayashi & Suzuki (2004). For each station, 72 CMPcc gathers are generated along the geophone array, which were automatically inverted to VS profiles using a genetic algorithm. The obtained dispersion maps show significant variation along the array, for some of the stations. The VS profiles obtained by the inversion of these dispersion maps show variations that are consistent with the SCPT data set. 136 Vol 23, 1 2018
MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) IVTUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 189 Presentation No. 211 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: YARA MAALOUF PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOSEPH COE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] USE OF BENDER ELEMENT, MASW AND EFFECTS OF REDUCTIONS IN NUMBER OF DOWNHOLE SEISMIC APPROACHES FOR CHANNELS ON RAYLEIGH AND LOVE WAVE SITE CLASSIFICATION AND GEOTECHNICAL DISPERSION IMAGES ACQUIRED USING THE APPLICATIONS MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES (MASW) METHOD Yara Maalouf; Naji Khoury; Jacques Harb Joseph Coe, Temple University; Siavash Mahvelati Shear wave velocity (Vs) is an essential parameter in geotechnical and structural engineering that was historically used for the seismic design of The Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) method is widely used in structures. It is now becoming a factor in subsurface investigation for the research and practice to characterize subsurface conditions. Typically in this determination of different soil strata and bedrock depth. Three different method, Rayleigh or Love wave are first generated using active impacts, and techniques were used in this paper to estimate Vs: - collected by a series of receivers. Then, the waveforms are processed to generate dispersion images that represent velocities of different frequency components in (1) non-destructive field testing such as the Multi-channel Analysis of Surface the medium of interest. The depth of MASW investigation is directly proportional Waves (MASW), to the total spread length of receivers, and one factor that controls the resolution of the dispersion images is the total number of receivers used to acquire the (2) destructive field testing such as the downhole seismic method and surface waves. It is believed that for a fixed spread length, the larger number of receivers increases the resolution. While this statement has been investigated in (3) laboratory testing such as bender element. the literature for Rayleigh waves, little attention has been placed on the effects number of receivers on Love wave dispersion images. This paper presents results A total of 4 MASW surveys were conducted along the site with data acquired from a MASW survey that proposes to address the effects of channel quantity from passive and active sources. 2-D Images showed the variations of Vs with on Rayleigh and Love wave dispersion images with a particular emphasis on depth up to 50 m. Downhole seismic testing on one borehole was conducted up Love waves. MASW records were collected with the same fixed spread length to a depth of 67 m showing the corresponding Vs. Finally, eight samples were (34.5 m) and were processed considering various receiver quantities (24, 12, collected from different depths and bender element testing was conducted to 8, and 6). Results indicate that Love waves dispersion images seem to be correlate the Vs obtained in the laboratory with the field data. Results from the less sensitive to reductions in number of receivers. As an example, the Love three techniques showed a strong correlation between the Vs values, types of wave dispersion image acquired by considering 8 channels can practically be soil from borehole loggings and the depth to the bedrock. considered equivalent to that acquired with 24 channels. This paper summarizes site conditions, hardware configurations and testing procedure, followed by a Presentation No. 210 discussion of dispersion images and conclusions. PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOSEPH COE EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 212 PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOSEPH COE CHARACTERIZING THE STIFFNESS OF EMAIL: [email protected] A SHALLOW BEDROCK SITE USING THE MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF UNKNOWN WAVES (MASW) METHOD WITH RAYLEIGH AND FOUNDATION GEOMETRY USING FULL LOVE WAVES WAVEFORM INVERSION OF SURFACE WAVES Joseph Coe, Temple University; Siavash Mahvelati Joseph Coe, Temple University; Siavash Mahvelati The Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method continues As interest in foundation reuse increases, there has been renewed emphasis to increase in popularity as a tool to characterize subsurface stiffness for on methodologies to characterize existing foundations for determination of geotechnical engineering purposes, particularly in cases where seismic site unknown geometry, material properties, integrity, and load-carrying capacity. characterization is important. MASW is commonly performed using vertical Geophysical and non-destructive testing efforts provide an efficient manner impacts on the ground surface to generate Rayleigh waves (i.e., MASRW). by which to evaluate these parameters. Stiffness information from these The dispersive behavior of the Rayleigh wave is then imaged by transforming methods can be used to evaluate foundation geometry as well as load the raw waveforms from the time-space domain into the frequency-phase carrying capabilities based on reverse engineering concepts. The use of velocity domain. A characteristic dispersion curve for the site is selected based surface waves as in the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) on examining the pattern of energy accumulation in the dispersion image. An method has been largely neglected for this purpose. MASW offers a number inversion algorithm is then implemented to locate the most probable subsurface of advantages over other seismic methods due to its robustness, speed, and stiffness profile that caused the measured dispersion curve. While much high signal strength. However, lack of case histories means there is limited research has been devoted to MASRW, horizontally-polarized Love waves have information regarding the capabilities of MASW for the purposes of foundation seen limited use in MASW investigations (MASLW), despite evidence to support evaluation. Recent efforts have highlighted deficiencies in typical MASW some advantages in their implementation. In this study, MASW was performed inversion analysis when applied for evaluating unknown foundations. The using both Rayleigh and Love waves to characterize conditions at the same objective of this study was therefore to examine the effectiveness of MASW shallow bedrock site. To allow for a direct comparison between the results of when applied using a full waveform inversion (FWI) technique for analysis. Rayleigh waves and Love waves, the survey lines for both MASW tests were Numerical testing was performed on a model representing an in-service located in exactly the same position. Generally, the subsurface stiffness profiles foundation system. This paper presents the numerical model followed by a resulting from inversion of the MASRW and MASLW dispersion curves agreed discussion of data analysis and interpretation. reasonably well. However, there were some subtle differences in interpretation of the dispersion images. This paper summarizes field conditions and testing configuration, followed by a discussion of data analysis and interpretation. Vol 23, 1 2018 137
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 45 Presentation No. 48 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: TINGTING LIN PRESENTER/CONTACT: TINGTING LIN EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] RANDOM NOISE SUPPRESSION OF MRS OSCILLATING SIGNALS USING SEGMENT AN IMPROVED HIGH-SENSITIVITY BROADBAND TIME-FREQUENCY PEAK FILTERING MAGNETIC RESONANCE SOUNDING COIL SENSOR WITHOUT SIGNAL DISTORTION FOR Tingting Lin, GROUNDWATER DETECTING Compared with the other geophysical approaches, magnetic resonance Tingting Lin, sounding (MRS) technique is direct and non-destructive in subsurface water exploration and it has been developed quickly in recent years. The The magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) technique is a noninvasive magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) oscillating signals are recorded geophysical method and could provide unique insights into hydrologic with high sampling rate, so the comprehensive information in the signals properties of groundwater. The coil sensor is the preferred choice for provides more potential in signal processing and inversion interpretation. detecting the weak MRS signal because of its high sensitivity, low However, MRS measurement always suffers bad signal-to-noise ratio fabrication complexity and inexpensiveness. Currently, there are mainly (SNR). For the random noise interference, due to its stochastic properties, tuned and non-tuned configurations for the coil sensor design. In the it always distributes arbitrarily. Normally, random noise appears randomly in case of the tuned design, high sensitivity is its main advantage, but the signal recordings and difficult to remove. As long as the average magnitude signal may be distorted because of the narrower bandwidth and the data of random noise is larger than that of signal, the accuracy of parameter acquired using this sensor can hardly be used in the post digital signal estimation will be reduced. The general objective of this study is to solve processing methods, such as adaptive noise cancelling of multichannel the problem of the oscillating MRS signals contaminated with random MRS instrument which is the most commonly used method for improving noise. We propose to use segment time-frequency peak filtering method, signal to noise ratio (SNR). In the case of the non-tuned design, the sensor the MRS oscillating signal is divided into several segments, and each can obtain valid signals and facilitate the post digital signal processing segment of the signal is transformed into the instantaneous frequency of due to the broadband, but the sensitivity decreases compared with the analytic signal. Then a significant energy concentration is produced around former. To circumvent this contradiction, we chose a method of adding the IF on the time-frequency plane of analytic signal, and the unbiased a LC broadband filter in parallel with a matching capacitor between the estimation of underlying MRS signal is achieved by taking the peak of pickup coil and the preamplifier. Based on the characteristics of the Wigner-Ville distribution of analytic signal. The validity of theoretical pickup coil, the matching capacitor is calculated to increase the gain in considerations is demonstrated by numerical simulations, it shows that the the passband of the passive filter and improve the sensitivity of the sensor desired MRS oscillating signal can be recovered in noise level down to a system. Moreover, the effect of the MRS applications is often influenced SNR of -5 dB. seriously by power harmonic noises in the developed areas, especially low frequency harmonics which always cause the coil sensor nonlinear Presentation No. 47 distortion. Experimental tests in the laboratory show that the new coil PRESENTER/CONTACT: TINGTING LIN sensor not only improves sensitivities of the MRS instrument but also EMAIL: [email protected] inhibit the signal distortion by suppressing power harmonic noises in the strong electromagnetic interference environment. The new sensor system PRE-POLARIZATION USING IN ADIABATIC will provide a new idea for the wider application of the MRS. PULSES FOR DETECTION OF SURFACE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE Tingting Lin, The technique of surface magnetic resonance (SNMR) has been widely used for hydrological investigations by the advantage of locating the bulk of aquifer directly. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is one of the most difficult problems. For the purpose of improving SNR, a new approach using pre-polarization (PP) applying by a direct current (DC) in adiabatic pulses has been introduced to improve the excitation volume and thus the signal amplitude both in shallow and deep depth, instead of using alternating current (AC) field in the traditional way. To substantiate the effectiveness of this method, we conduct the numerical simulations of PP adiabatic pulses using in SNMR. We expect this development to open up new applications for SNMR technology, especially in high-noise level places. 138 Vol 23, 1 2018
TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE I TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 143 PRESENTER/CONTACT: DAVE WALSH EMAIL: [email protected] LONG-TERM MONITORING OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT USING PORTABLE NMR INSTRUMENTS Dave Walsh, Vista-Clara, Inc.; Elliot Grunewald, Vista Clara, Inc.; Warren Caldwell, Vista Clara Inc.; Kenneth Williams, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Cristina Castanha, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been previously proposed and demonstrated as viable method for measuring water content in unsaturated soils and sediments. Man-portable NMR logging tools and non-invasive NMR instruments have recently become available. These portable NMR geophysical tools provide several potential advantages over existing soil moisture sensors including: - a) direct detection of water, b) no radioactive source, c) theoretical independence from soil type, d) providing information on the water-filled pore size distribution, and e) not requiring contact with or disturbance of the native soil under investigation. A series of laboratory and field experiments were performed to test the ability of portable NMR instruments to accurately measure total water content in-situ across a wide range of soils and saturation states, and yield unique information relating to water-filled pore size distributions. Controlled laboratory measurements used a portable NMR probe, capacitance, frequency-domain and time-domain reflectometry sensors to measure water content over a several-month long cycle of saturation, draining and drying, in three contrasting sample soils. These experiments showed that the NMR sensor and the other soil moisture sensors exhibited small biases in total water content estimation, while the NMR sensor data also exhibited small variance due to random noise. The NMR data also showed clear trends in the quantification of mobile, capillary and clay bound water as the samples dried over time. Concurrent long-term monitoring experiments were performed in shallow access tubes installed at field sites in Crested Butte, Colorado and Blodgett Forest, California. These field experiments spanned one full annual precipitation cycle and the NMR data yielded unique insight into the water storage in different apparent pore sizes. The field data are presently being correlated with concurrently sampled soil CO2 flux measurements to assess the potential for NMR-measured water content distributions to improve the understanding of carbon cycling in soils. Vol 23, 1 2018 139
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 160 Presentation No. 200 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: NORBERT KLITZSCH PRESENTER/CONTACT: ELLIOT GRUNEWALD EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] JOINT INVERSION OF NMR DATA MEASURED DYNAMIC BOREHOLE NMR MEASUREMENT OF AT DIFFERENT WATER SATURATIONS FLUID FLOW AND MIXED PHASE SYSTEMS Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen University; Thomas Hiller, RWTH Elliot Grunewald, Vista Clara, Inc.; Dave Walsh, Vista-Clara, Inc.; Aachen University Warren Caldwell, Vista Clara Inc. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation is a well-established method Borehole NMR logging is a valuable technology for characterizing aquifer to characterize storage and transport properties of rocks due to its sensitivity properties, allowing direct detection and quantification of water content. to pore fluid content and pore sizes. Thereby, the correct estimation of NMR logging measurements are also commonly used to estimate fluid these properties depends on the underlying pore model. Usually, cylindrical mobility and hydraulic conductivity through established relationships between or spherical pores are assumed for interpreting NMR relaxation data. For measured NMR relaxation times and the static pore geometry. In this work, estimating their size, a calibration regarding the mineral parameter surface we extend beyond NMR measurements of static systems, and demonstrate relaxivity is required. the ability to perform borehole NMR measurements during dynamic fluid flow in order to better constrain the hydrogeologic response of the formation. Mohnke (2014) used NMR measurements at different saturations for deriving The approach translates basic flow imaging strategies from medical-MRI, surface relaxivity and pore size distribution simultaneously without the need for including methods that highlight groundwater flow as well as methods the calibration. We extended this approach by using a model of parallel capillaries probe the flow of injected contrast agents. In addition, we investigate how with angular cross-section to account for residual water trapped in pore corners dielectric measurements can be combined with NMR measurements to better of desaturated pores. Additionally, we present a method that allows determining characterize multi-phase systems, including formations contaminated by the shape of these angular capillaries from NMR data at different drainage and hydrocarbon NAPLs. Experiments are conducted using the Dart NMR logging imbibition levels. We show the applicability of our approach on synthetic and tool in a meso-scale test cell that provides a direct analog for in-situ borehole real data sets. NMR logging measurements. Overall, we introduce a method for a direct determination of pore size Presentation No. 215 distribution, pore shape, and surface relaxivity based on NMR measurements PRESENTER/CONTACT: EIICHI FUKUSHIMA at different water saturations without further calibration. EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 178 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SCHEME TO PRESENTER/CONTACT: TREVOR IRONS DETECT OIL UNDER ARCTIC SEA-ICE EMAIL: [email protected] Eiichi Fukushima, ABQMR; Stephen Altobelli, ABQMR; Mark RELIABLE NOISE MEASURE IN TIME-GATED Conradi, ABQMR; Nicholas Sowko, ABQMR NMR DATA There is renewed interest in developing extra-laboratory nuclear magnetic Trevor Irons, University of Utah; Brian McPherson, University of resonance (NMR) measurements, as evidenced by well-logging tools in Utah / Energy Geoscience Institute oil industry as well as tools developed for water prospecting by several international groups and by the existence of meeting sessions such as this Time gating is a commonly used approach in the pre-processing of nuclear one. A particular need is a scheme to detect spilled or leaked oil under Arctic magnetic resonance (NMR) data before Laplace inversion. Gating suppresses sea-ice due either to a spill or a leak, for example, from a faulty oil harvesting spurious signals that can degrade recovered decay time distributions and operation in the sea bed. We describe the physics behind an NMR system that therefore often stabilizes inversion. However, care must be taken in applying is capable of detecting ~1cm thick layer of oil trapped under a meter-thick Arctic this technique to real world data where both non-Gaussian and correlated sea ice in a few minutes. noise decrease the efficacy of noise reduction through stacking. If not properly accounted for, unreliable noise estimates introduce inversion artefacts through Presentation No. 251 over- or under-fitting of the data. Fortunately, noise realization proxies obtained PRESENTER/CONTACT: TINGTING LIN through data phasing can be used to estimate reliable confidence intervals for EMAIL: [email protected] the windows. Benefits of the approach are demonstrated through inversion of synthetics and field data. Borehole data from a deep carbon capture and MRS 2018 WORKSHOP PREVIEW sequestration application are presented as well as surface NMR data from a near surface groundwater application. Tingting Lin 140 Vol 23, 1 2018
PERSPECTIVE ON MILITARY MUNITIONS RESPONSE PROGRAM (MMRP) GEOPHYSICS Presentation No. 259 Presentation No. 260 PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOHN JACKSON PRESENTER/CONTACT: HERB NELSON EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION SERDP AND ESTCP PROGRAM ON MUNITIONS RESPONSETUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 254 Presentation No. 261 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREW SCHWARTZ PRESENTER/CONTACT: JORDAN ADELSON EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ENVIRONMENTAL DATA QUALITY, WHAT IT QUALITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR MUNITION MEANS FOR MUNITIONS RESPONSE INVESTIGATIONS Andrew Schwartz, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; John Jackson, Presentation No. 262 USACE (Sacramento); Michael Madcharo PRESENTER/CONTACT: NICHOLAS STOLTE EMAIL: [email protected] The UXO remediation industry is just beginning to understand how to establish and implement rigorous quality metrics for remediation projects using U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS knowledge from the EMI dipole model and the environmental chemistry industry. PERSPECTIVES ON USE OF ADVANCED This presentation explains new advances in quality standards defined for GEOPHYSICAL CLASSIFICATION FOR digital and analog geophysical methods. Learning and borrowing from quality MUNITIONS RESPONSE standards familiar to environmental regulators working within the environmental laboratory accreditation program, similar standards are designed to improve the reliability and usability of geophysics data to support complex risk management decisions in the munitions response industry. Vol 23, 1 2018 141
SITE APPLICATION OF MUNITION CLASSIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES CONTRACTOR EXPERIENCES BOTH GOOD AND BAD ITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 235 Presentation No. 252 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEFFREY LEBERFINGER PRESENTER/CONTACT: STEVE SAVILLE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] METAL MAPPER 2 X 2: INDUSTRY AND ADVANCED GEOPHYSICAL CLASSIFICATION GOVERNMENT UPDATE AND PERSPECTIVE IN A PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM THE WHISKEY FLAT REMEDIAL Jeffrey Leberfinger, TerranearPMC LLC; John Jackson, USACE ACTION HAWTHORNE ARMY DEPOT, NEVADA (Sacramento) Steve Saville, CH2M Hill; Darrell Hall, CH2M Hill; Kevin Kingdon; The MetalMapper 2X2 is now being actively used on MMRP sites to classify Barry Zelt, Black Tusk Geophysics; John Jackson, USACE munitions anomalies and guide anomaly interrogation. This presentation will (Sacramento) provide an update on the MM 2 x 2 as of the meeting and then give some perspective from industry and government on how it is working on projects. This poster/presentation will provide an in-progress update of the USACE Remedial Action (RA) at Whiskey Flat Munitions Response Site being performed by Engineering/Remediation Resources Group and its geophysical subcontractors, CH2M Hill and Black Tusk Geophysics. The Whiskey Flat RA project design team (PDT) is applying cued advanced geophysical classification (AGC) upon digital geophysical mapping (DGM) detection survey datasets to optimize the removal phase across the 1,000-ac MRS. The PDT and its approach employ multiple subcontractors and multiple platforms to meet the varying terrain, anomaly density, and other challenges in the production environment and demands of the RA schedule. Adaptations include the use of multiple towed arrays and person-portable DGM teams for the detection survey, and the use of both government furnished equipment (i.e., Naval Research Lab’s TEMTADS 2x2), and the commercially-offered equipment (i.e., Geometrics Metal Mapper 2x2). In addition to differing AGC equipment, these sensors are being used in different platforms, with the TEMTADS being used in person-portable and the Metal Mapper being used on a telehandler. Furthermore, the different AGC sensors require unique data management and processing methods to arrive at the intended result of a verified and validated dataset capable of supporting AGC decisions. This case study will present: the goals of the project; lessons learned in meeting these goals; plenty of photos; narrative from the last twelve months of field work; and the PDT’s perspective on executing AGC at a large RA. 142 Vol 23, 1 2018
SITE APPLICATION OF MUNITION CLASSIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES CONTRACTOR EXPERIENCES BOTH GOOD AND BAD IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 239 Presentation No. 244 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: STEPHEN MASSEY PRESENTER/CONTACT: JACK DESMOND EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENTING ROOT CAUSE APPLYING ADVANCED GEOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS (RCA) ON PROJECTS INVOLVING CLASSIFICATION TECHNOLOGY TO REMEDIAL ADVANCED GEOPHYSICS INVESTIGATIONS AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES Stephen Massey, APTIM; Chris Gunning, A2LA; Sandra Takata, Jack Desmond, Parsons; Craig Murray, Parsons APTIM The objective of the ESTCP-funded Advanced Geophysical Classification (AGC) On 11 April 2016, the Assistant Secretary of Defense established the DOD Advanced Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Studies (RI/FS) project was to perform AGC Geophysics Classification Accreditation Program (DAGCAP). Contractors who treatability investigations as part of three RI/FSs. Using AGC for remediation at implement advanced geophysics on munitions response sites are required to munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) contaminated sites could limit the implement a management system and technical procedures that comply with ISO/IEC- required intrusive investigations and reduce the cost of remediation. Including 17025:2005, General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration AGC as part of the RI/FS demonstrates to regulators that the technology works Laboratories. The procedure for corrective action starts with an investigation to with the site conditions and MEC types at a specific site. Performing AGC during determine the root cause(s) of the problem, and notes, Cause analysis is the key and the RI also provides more accurate cost of implementation for the FS. sometimes the most difficult part in the corrective action procedure. At the first site, dynamic EM61-MK2 data were collected over 19 acres of the There’s no shortage of opportunities to apply root cause analysis on projects former Motlow Range in Tullahoma, TN. Cued data were collected over 903 involving advanced geophysics classification. Malfunctioning equipment, complex targets to test the TEMTADS 2x2 sensor and the AGC process. The dig list site conditions, software aspects, suspect data, etc. are a continual challenge to resulted in a correct identification of all TOI on site with a 57% reduction in digs. geophysics professionals. Geophysicists are continually troubleshooting problems and glitches that arise. They fast-track field work variances to keep the project Dynamic MetalMapper data were collected over 5.4 acres at the Pueblo Army moving. They are expected to detect and solve problems upon discovery, and Depot in Pueblo, CO. Much of the site was too dense to pick individual targets, but minimize rework. Experienced geophysics professionals expect unforeseen 1,164 targets were identified in the dynamic data for cued MM data collection. Cued problems and commonly resemble master contingency planners, equipment surveys were conducted and resulted in an over 95% reduction in clutter digs. trouble-shooters and talented improvisers in the field. Dynamic and cued MetalMapper data were collected over 9 acres at the If you can relate to this description, we believe you will welcome our overview of Hawthorne Army Depot in Hawthorne, NV. Approximately 92% of the 409 non-TOI root cause analysis, featuring root cause analysis examples from an advanced locations were correctly classified as non-TOI in the ranked dig list. Of the 134 geophysics classification project. We will conclude by highlighting the common locations classified as digs and excavated outside of the investigate all area, 110 elements of an effective Contractor root cause analysis process based on standard (82%) were identified as TOI during the intrusive investigation. Twenty-eight of industry practice and lessons learned. the TOI were recovered from below 60cm below ground surface depth. The 60cm depth was the required depth of detection for the 2.75 rocket warhead TOI, which Presentation No. 242 is the depth limit for the remedial alternative. PRESENTER/CONTACT: STEVE STACY EMAIL: [email protected] METALMAPPER 2X2 –TESTING AND EFFECTIVENESS ON A MUNITIONS RESPONSE SITE Kelly Enriquez, USA Engineering & Support Center Huntsville; Brian Junck, Arcadis; Stephen Stacy, Arcadis The Geometrics MetalMapper 2x2 started shipping in the summer of 2016; however, it wasn’t previously demonstrated for use in performing Advanced Geophysical Classification (AGC) at either ESTCP live site demonstrations or at other munitions response sites (MRSs). Arcadis performed multiple tests at Blossom Point from September 2016 through July 2017 and started using the system to collect cued data in August 2017 on the Remedial Investigation/ Feasibility Study (RI/FS) at the Former Fort Pierce United States Naval Amphibious Training Base (USNATB), which was one of the first projects contracted through USACE that used the MetalMapper 2x2. This presentation will provide an update on the MetalMapper 2x2 system functionality since Arcadis presented the initial results at the 2017 SAGEEP conference, but will focus on the use of the MetalMapper 2x2 in the field, the preliminary AGC results, and lessons learned from the Fort Pierce RI/FS. On the Fort Pierce USNATB RI/FS, Arcadis used a combination of EM61-MK2 digital geophysical mapping (DGM) surveys and cued MetalMapper 2x2 surveys to characterize the nature and extent of munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) at two former World War II training areas. The presentation will discuss the MetalMapper 2x2’s effectiveness and field worthiness, challenges found in using the system in the field, key differences with the TEMTADS 2x2 upon which it was based, lessons learned from both the USACE and contractor perspectives, and the preliminary AGC results. Vol 23, 1 2018 143
POSTER SESSION IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 24 Presentation No. 104 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: THOMAS KREMER PRESENTER/CONTACT: ZHOUWEN HU EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] IMPROVING SNMR 1D INVERSION ACCURACY FULL WAVEFORM INVERTION OF CROSSHOLE USING THE MULTI-CENTRAL LOOP RADAR DATAS CONFIGURATION Zhouwen Hu; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences Thomas Kremer, Université de Liège Under the situation of have a few drilling in interested region, full-waveform A multi-central loop configuration has been studied through forward and inverse inversion of cross-hole radar is an excellent technology to ascertain the modelling, and has been tested on the field. This set-up takes advantage of the anomalous bodies fine structures underground. The FWI approach we used multichannel features of the NMR device and consists of using several (2 to is processing in time domain, including electromagnetic simulation using the 3) additional receiver loops displayed concentrically with the main transmitter/ FDTD method. The real filed crosshole radar data is related with the radiation receiver loop, which all record the NMR signal simultaneously within a single patterns, antenna characteristics, topography, and so on. As a result the acquisition. If the loop diameters are chosen appropriately, the kernel sensitivity tomography quality of FWI of cross hole radar is heavily rely on the initial distributions for each receiver loop will show complementary features. Inverting inversion model. We present using ray-tracing approach to provide a stable simultaneously the data sets obtained through each different receiver loop and accurate initial dielectric constant and conductivity model for FWI. In order can then enhance significantly the accuracy of the final model. To do so, a 1D to minimize the influence of topography, we conducted the forward modeling QT inversion scheme in the frequency domain dedicated to the inversion of and FWI in curvilinear coordinate system. As research show, the initial model multiple data sets is being used. One challenging feature is the implementation provided by ray-tracing approach can accelerate the iteration and convergence of an adaptive weighting algorithm that can appropriately balance the fitting of FWI of invert dielectric constant and conductivity simultaneously. In addition, of the different data sets during the inversion process. The efficiency of this calculation in curvilinear coordinate system can decrease the influence of multi-central loop acquisition set-up and procedure is being assessed through tomography and make the two FWI tomography more accurate compared to in the forward and inverse modelling of several scenarios implying varying aquifer cartesian coordinate system. characteristics. Finally a field case is being presented that was conducted on a low noise level site located in Germany, where conditions were favourable to Presentation No. 105 the implementation and testing of circular multi-central loop configurations. PRESENTER/CONTACT: ZHENNING MA EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 87 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREW PARSEKIAN APPLICATION OF HIGH-DENSITY SEISMIC EMAIL: [email protected] EXPLORATION IN THE DETECTION OF GROUND FISSURES IN QIAOZI, BEIJING VADOSE ZONE MOISTURE DYNAMICS OF THREE ROCKY MOUNTAIN HILLSLOPES Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences; Zhenning Ma OBSERVED USING TIME-LAPSE ELECTRICAL GEOPHYSICS As a kind of supergene geological disaster phenomenon, ground fissures are widespread in many countries of the world. The frequency and scale Andrew Parsekian, University of Wyoming; Maneh Kotikian, of ground fissures are increasing year by year, which makes it become University of Wyoming; Nadia Fantello; Ginger Paige, University a major regional geological hazard. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) of Wyoming; Thijs Kelleners, University of Wyoming; Brent Ewers, and surface wave are major methods usually applied in ground fissure University of Wyoming; Noriaki Ohara, University of Wyoming; detection, but the shallow detection depth and the low resolution limits Daniel Beverly, University of Wyoming; Heather Speckman, their applications. High-density seismic exploration is a new technique with University of Wyoming; David Millar higher resolution and greater detection depth in near surface geophysical exploration. High-density spatial sampling enhances wave field continuity Snowpack in the mountains of the American west are the primary source of and the accuracy of various mathematical transforms, which benefits wave water that feeds streams and aquifers to meet human use needs. Observation field separation. This paper introduces the advantages of high-density of hillslope hydrologic partitioning is a critical link between pore scale properties seismic exploration and its application in the detection of ground fissures and catchment hydrology. To understand what controls partitioning of meltwater in Qiaozi. 2D high-density seismic lines with different group intervals are between interflow, vadose zone storage, bedrock flow, and deep storage, we applied to detect one of the ground fissures. In this test, the arrangements investigated three hillslopes of contrasting subsurface properties. Two sites are of different group intervals are tested, and the characteristics of different glacially reworked, while the other has been exposed for ~50Ma; two sites are group intervals data are analyzed. Due to the problem of static correction granitic parent material, and the other is metamorphic/gneiss. Using permanently caused by strong anisotropy of shallow material, the error of velocity installed electrical resistivity arrays, sites were monitored for 1 – 3 years at a analysis caused by less effective number of channels and the difficulty frequency of up to four acquisitions per day. Seismic refraction was used to of ultra-shallow imaging caused by low folds, the conventional data constrain weathering zone depth, and meteorological/hydrological parameters processing methods cannot fully adapt to the shallow seismic data. This were measured. We observe vadose-zone behavior consistent with the fill- paper studies the processing methods for shallow seismic data and we get and-spill model, deep vertical preferential infiltration, and contrasting vadose better results after these processing. zone storage heterogeneity. By using electrical resistivity imaging, we are able to observe changes in water content near the base of the weathering zone and measure lateral flow associated with this interface, well beyond the reasonable depth to instrument with convention moisture probes. Similarly, we find evidence of plant water use related to water content at depths to > 2.5 m below the surface, highlighting the role that vegetation plays in vadose zone water redistribution. 144 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 106 Presentation No. 108 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: LICHAO LIU PRESENTER/CONTACT: KE SHANG EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN NUMERICAL THE PROCESSING AND ANALYZING OF 500 SIMULATION OF 3D GROUND PENETRATING MHZ LPR DATA FROM CHANG’E-3 MISSION RADAR FOR URBAN ROAD CAVITY DETECTION Ke Shang Lichao Liu; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences Lunar subsurface structure provides considerable information on lunar The urban road collapse is usually elusive, urgent and with great damage. evolution and resource distribution. As an efficient and high-resolution It is difficult to find hidden danger of road accurately with traditional two- detection method, radar detection technology has great potential in other dimensional ground penetrating radar (GPR) detection technology due to planet explorations. In 2014, China’s Lunar Penetrating Radar onboard its single profile, small amount of information and ambiguity. 3D ground Chang’E-3 spacecraft obtained a set of rare data of lunar subsurface and penetrating radar detection technology, which obtain sectional view, plan regolith near a crater located in the northern Mare Imbrium. Considering view and cross section in 1~2m width detection range at one time and the harsh detection conditions of lunar surface and the special radar form accurate multi-angle 3D image of the underground space, can make acquisition method, geophysical methods such as gaining, filtering and up for the defects of two-dimensional detection. In this paper, the finite range normalization are applied in this paper to process these radar data. An difference time domain method was used to systematically analyze the 87.8-meter-long radar profile is obtained through these processes, and the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics in three-dimensional dielectric constant shows a trend of increase vertically in the first 8 meters space, and 3D GPR detection for road subgrade, cavity and gradual by fitting the diffraction waves with hyperbolic curves. Combining with the enlargement process were simulated, furthermore, their electromagnetic coordinate data and image messages, the fluctuation of the radar event in the field characteristics in 3D ground penetrating radar are comparative vertical direction and the clutter of reflected waves indicate that the meteorites analyzed with three-dimensional detection examples. The results show have brought crush, excavation and compaction to the subsurface of the that when a component of electromagnetic field was loaded source, the moon. Further experiment shows that the method adopted in this paper is energy distribution of other components is different, showing symmetry. The applicable to the analysis of 500 MHz LPR data from Chang ‘E-3. spatial position and extension of cavity disease can be accurately obtained by analyzing the reflection wave field characteristics of 3D GPR combined Presentation No. 111 profiles, forward modeling results and examples are in good agreement. PRESENTER/CONTACT: QIANG CHEN EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 107 PRESENTER/CONTACT: YUJIA MA AN INTEGRAL DETECTION TESTING OF EMAIL: [email protected] ANCIENT LANDSLIDE BY ACOUSTIC AND ELECTRICAL FEATURES SEISMIC REFLECTION INTERPRETATION TECHNOLOGY OF URBAN GROUND FISSURES Qiang Chen, Taiyuan University of Technology; Yu Chuangtao; WITH HIGH DENSITY REFLECTION Chang SuoLiang Yujia Ma; Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences For the constructional engineering above the landslide, it’s the key roles to investigate the (spatial) patterns of landslide surface and the velocity Ground fissures generation is various and have serious impact on urban and resistivity features of rock (or soil) near the surface. 2D seismic survey planning and urban construction, while it is a hidden disaster, hence high- was carried out, in which the 200m×200m mesh was set up, to acquire resolution detection method is needed. High density seismic reflection seismic data with high-folds (24 times) and fine CDP bin (1m). And then, technique can be used to detect the fine characteristics of ground fissures. combined with borehole data, it has been to calibrate and interpret the However, diastrophism distance of ground fissure in shallow strata is tiny, landslide surface using seismic scattering wave imaging method. Restrained and it is difficult to identify in the seismic section. Moreover, Human activities by logging data, the fine layer-velocity, from ground level to 30m depth, have a great effect on shallow surface, which brings many reflection seismic was inversed by seismic tomography technique, which based on the first interpretation traps. This paper discussed fine interpretation technique of arrival of refraction. High-precision resistivity images of landslide bodies seismic reflection profile in small group interval, small shot interval and small are obtained by 2D inversion of high-density-resistivity data. The testing line spacing, by analyzing the reflection superimposed seismic profile of 20 integrates seismic velocity, resistivity and others (or other parameters), it is lines of 20 meter-line spacing 1 m group interval, combining the attribute shown that the landslide have an ancient landslide property. This method extraction technology, the spatial distribution features of ground fissures can remedies the deficiency of borehole effectively, whose result is assumed the be determined. This research showed the reflection characteristics of ground line (or surface) data by the points’. The method is a beneficial attempt and fissure breakpoint in the seismic profile which is different from fault. We discussion to geophysical integral detection technology with landslide. presented an identification and interpretation method of ground fissures in the shallow 30m depth range, reduced the explanation trap, and improved the accuracy and reliability of interpretation Vol 23, 1 2018 145
POSTER SESSION IITUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 112 Presentation No. 115 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS PRESENTER/CONTACT: SHUAI ZHAO PRESENTER/CONTACT: REBECCA RHODES EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION DETECTION OF THE HUANGZHUANG- OF A LEVEE SEGMENT GAOLIYING FAULT ZONE USING SHALLOW GEOPHYSICAL METHODS IN Rebecca Rhodes; Mohammad Najmush Sakib Oyan, The University BEIJING, CHINA of Mississippi; Bohara Pratap, The University of Mississippi; Adnan Aydin, University of Mississippi; Patrick Mosely, University Shuai Zhao¬¬, Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, Dahu Li, of Mississippi Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, Yongqi Meng, Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing, Jiajun Sun Beijing Earthquake There are numerous levees in the Mississippi Embayment area that protect Administration, Beijing adjacent land from frequent and pervasive flooding. Failure of levees cause severe economic and environmental damage, and must be closely monitored We present the results from two shallow geophysical detection profiles and periodically maintained. Failure potential within a short levee segment conducted in 2016 across Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault zone which located can be quantified if internal variations and their causes can be identified at Huangzhuang-Gaoliying town, Beijing. We use Multi-Channel Analysis and incorporated into the geomechanical models. However, lengths of of Surface Waves (MASW) method and high-density resistivity method these linear structures make this mission impossible using conventional site to create S-wave velocity model and apparent resistivity section. The investigation methods. This study aims to present a case study demonstrating S-wave velocity model represents layered structure of S-wave velocity. how a combination of geophysical methods can be used to make the levee Lateral heterogeneity and discontinuity of the S-wave velocities contours characterization as viable objective. For the purposes of this study, a short can be observed at approximate 97m and 110m distance along the profile. segment of the Coldwater River levee near Crenshaw, MS was selected as the The apparent resistivity section, distributed along the S-wave velocity application site. The geophysical methods utilized in the study include ground profile, also represents anomaly electrical region at the approximate penetrating radar (GPR), seismic refraction and vertical electrical sounding 100m distance along the section. Combined with the features of electrical (VES). These methods were employed to define the key internal features and discontinuity, we speculate a vertical section with 70°-80°dip. Based on flaws of the levee segment studied. The ground model constructed from these the S-wave discontinuity and the density variation of electrical resistivity surveys was used as the basis for geomechanical modeling to determine the contours and previous geology survey, we infer the approximate 97m-110m conditions under which the levee segment may experience failure, including distance along the profiles can be closely corelated to a fault zone. We seismic shaking and high groundwater levels. adopt the trenching in the inferred fault zone and discover a 77°dip normal fault at 0.5m depth beneath the surface. The location and feature Presentation No. 120 of the fault coincide with the shallow geophysical detection results. Our PRESENTER/CONTACT: ABDULLAH ALHAJ results not only provide reliable geophysics evidence to the near-surface EMAIL: [email protected] activity of Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault, but also offer guidance to urban earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation planning and site selection THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE CHANGE for engineering. ON GROUND PENETRATION RADAR SIGNAL USED FOR BRIDGE DECK ASSESSMENTS Presentation No. 113 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ARNIS MANGOLDS Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and Technology EMAIL: [email protected] Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT) are widely used to determine the SELF- DEPLOYED MOBILE STATION- condition of reinforced concrete in bridge decks. This study demonstrates KEEPING FOR LITTORAL AND ESTUARINE the potential relationship between the GPR tool and the weather change ENVIRONMENTS. (temperature and moisture content). The Ground Penetrating Radar can be influenced by significant variations of temperature and moisture content, Arnis Mangolds, C-2 Innovations, Inc (C-2i) which may affect its capability on detecting reinforcing rebars. The case study is conducted on a pedestrian reinforced concrete bridge deck at Missouri C-2i has developed a family of bottom crawling autonomous, amphibious University of Science and Technology. robots, referred to as the Sea Otter. The Sea otter systems are capable of self-deployment and completing pre-programmed search patterns NDT provide significant and non-invasive way of evaluating bridge deck exceeding 16 km to depths of 100-m. Alternatively they can remain on condition which help on assessing the concrete conditions in terms of station for several months in high energy environments such as rivers the level of degradation. The accurate assessment of concrete quality is and surf zone, through storm and tidal cycles. Its low ground pressure determined by the variations of reflected amplitude signal and dielectric permits access to tailings ponds and marsh soils that do not support human permittivity of concrete that can be varied by temperature and precipitation loads. The close and predictable ground contact affords sensors greater measurements. The initial results indicated that GPR is a significant sensitivity and higher precision that can be coupled with on-demand geophysical tool to image the reinforcing steel (rebars) embedded in the penetrometers, coring or soil sampling. The Sea otter system provides concrete bridge deck. However, significant changes in weather conditions a new capability that will extend and enhance existing instrumentation have an obvious impact on the interpretation of GPR data used for the packages and allow access to regions that have been too costly or difficult concrete assessment. to address. 146 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IIPresentation No. 123 Presentation No. 139 TUESDAY, MARCH 27TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: YU HAN PRESENTER/CONTACT: DARREN MORTIMEREMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ON VOLUME EFFECT OF CLASSIFICATION OF UNEXPLODED ORDNANCESHALLOW TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC USING ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA –EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY UPDATEYu Han; Chuan-tao Yu, Taiyuan University of Technology; Suo-liang Darren Mortimer, Geosoft Inc; Nick Valleau, Geosoft; DeanChang, Taiyuan University of Technology Keiswetter, Acorn SI; Tom Furuya, Acorn SIThe volume effect of transient electromagnetic method leads to the erroneous During munitions clean-up projects, classification technologies provideinference of geological bodies, and has some influence on the interpretation the means to identify, and separate, harmless metal objects fromaccuracy of geological anomalous bodies. unexploded ordnance (UXO) prior to intrusive digging. A suite of advanced software tools (called UX-Analyze) has been developed by Acorn SIStarting from the fundamental theory of transient electromagnetic method, (and predecessors) and Geosoft Inc. over several years with fundingusing EMIT Maxwell transient electromagnetic data processing software, we from the US Department of Defense (DoD) Environmental Securityestablish different geological models, then carry on forward modeling through and Technology Certification Program (ESTCP). The process worksthe changes in model parameters of the wall rock’s resistivity and depth of with advanced electromagnetic (EM) sensor survey data (such as theanomalous bodies in the paper. By analyzing and simple calculating the forward Geometrics MetalMapper 2x2) and provides a critical workflow for completedata of a channel, the influence of the parameters such as resistivity of the data processing, target selection and target analysis with modeling andsurrounding rock and depth of the abnormities on the effective distance of the classification processes, to yield decisions on targets of interest. A rangevolume effect along the survey line direction is studied. The laws are as follows: of quality control and quality assurance capabilities support new contractorthe larger the resistivity of the surrounding rock, the larger the effective distance accreditation and project requirements introduced by the DoD in 2017.of the volume effect along the survey line; the effective distance of abnormalbody’s volume effect along the survey line direction does not increase with the With the new sensors and software, reliable classification of suspected UXOdepth increased, but in the depth of 120m reached maximum, when the depth targets using geophysical survey data is possible, enabling millions of dollarsis more than 120m, the effective distance of volume effect decreases with the in savings on clean-up projects. These technologies and processes have beenincrease of depth. thoroughly proven in live-site demonstrations sponsored by the ESTCP and have been used by most organizations that have successfully completed theirFinally, we get the function curve of effective distance of the volume effect along accreditation in 2017.the survey line direction and depth in plane rectangular coordinate system, andthen the relation between the effective distance of volume effect along the line Future work includes a current prototyping project to migrate the entire UXOdirection and depth is obtained by polynomial fitting. classification workflow into the cloud – generating a host of benefits including enhanced security, fewer data transfers, automatic version control, faster data processing, improved collaboration and enhanced reporting. This poster provides a high-level overview of the data processing and analysis workflow for UXO classification, for both dynamic data (collected in moving survey mode) and, static data (collected at each target after a standard target detection survey). Along with other recent advances, which are being incorporated into the classification workflow.Vol 23, 1 2018 147
BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICSWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 1 Standard, portable document format, and image (jpg/bmp) logs); collection PRESENTER/CONTACT: JAMES LOCOCO date; minimum depth; and USGS National Water System Information EMAIL: [email protected] identification number or station name. Once the user has selected site locations, a table will display all available log types for the given sites, along ADVANCES IN SLIMLINE BOREHOLE with dates of collection and starting/ending depths. A wide range of borehole GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING log types available in the web application include: acoustic, caliper, electric, electromagnetic, fluid, lithologic, nuclear, optical, well construction, or a James LoCoco, Mount Sopris Instrument Company combination or composite of these types. Users have the option to download all logs for the selected site, or only individual logs of interest. Downloading all The last 10 years in slimline borehole geophysics has seen numerous logs for a site includes a table of attributes and links to each log for download. advancements. Borehole imagery logging has reached resolutions that allow As new logs become available, they will be added to the database. investigators to visualize true-color borehole wall attributes, grain size features, rock fabric, and structural integrity. These slimline tools allow us to perform Presentation No. 20 high resolution fracture characterization, casing thickness evaluation, along PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREY KONKOV with many other applications. Acoustic televiewer amplitude logs are semi- EMAIL: [email protected] quantitative and proportional to rock strength. Advances in data acquisition systems allow increased logging speeds, even at very high circumferential COMPLEX OF HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMIC and vertical sampling intervals. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) logging TECHNIQUES FOR SURVEYING EXISTING AND has evolved with much smaller diameter tools, running on standard commonly UNDER-CONSTRUCTION OBJECTS available geophysical wirelines, thus allowing entry into the mining and ground water communities. These tools operate in a borehole like an inside-out MRI Andrey Konkov, Geodevice LLC; Nikita Ragozin, Institute scanner, where hydrogen nuclei align themselves with an induced directional Orgenergostroy; Vladimir Ignatev, Geodevice LLC; Alexander magnetic field, then relaxing proportional to the presence and movement of Oshkin, Moscow State University hydrogen (groundwater and hydrocarbons) through pore space when the magnetic field is cycled or removed. A pair of large opposing magnets within This study is intended to highlight the possibilities of modern seismic equipment the sonde project this magnetic field several inches beyond the borehole axis, and techniques for near-surface applications in terms of increasing the signal creating a cylindrical-shaped sensitive region from which the NMR signal is frequency and, consequently, the resolution power in such surveys. Thus, the captured. This thin sensitive region is ideally located within the undamaged description and capabilities of vertical seismoacoustic profiling (VSaP), low region of the formation, where the rocks and sediments are not disturbed by frequency acoustic logging, reversed VSP (RVSP), and crosshole seismic drilling. Direct detection and quantification of groundwater (including capillary testing (CST) are demonstrated. The use of these methods in a complex at one and clay-bound water) is possible, along with detection and quantification site allows obtaining the maximum resolution for near-surface seismic surveys. of hydrocarbons and fluid diffusion, precise determination of porosity and The implementation of such a complex is especially justified during the design water content, Estimation of permeability, mobile/bound water fraction, pore- and construction of high-risk and hazardous facilities: nuclear power plants, size distributions, and sensitivity to geometric and geochemical pore-scale hydroelectric power plants, high-rise buildings, etc. It should be also noted that properties. Advances in slimline borehole gravity tools over the past several CST and VSaP techniques have no competitors in studies in dense development years has found importance in mining applications, including bulk density areas and mountainous terrains, where access to the surface is either difficult or determination, rock properties, and verification of surface and airborne gravity impossible. Due to a high resolution in the entire range of depths of the object anomalies. Borehole gravity measurements have been used for detecting under study, this set of methods allows effective detecting of karst occurrence at large depths and (when realizing multiwave observations) studying in detail Presentation No. 10 the physical and mechanical properties of the medium or objects inserted inside PRESENTER/CONTACT: MELINDA CHAPMAN it. The methods may also be applied when performing non-destructive testing EMAIL: [email protected] of construction sites, monitoring the formation of ice wall, carrying out injection operations. Periodic implementation of the complex of methods on the same site NEW USGS PUBLIC WEB-BASED TOOL FOR can successfully solve the problems of monitoring the rock mass state. It can VIEWING AND DOWNLOADING GEOPHYSICAL also help in studying the issue of improving the seismic properties by creating LOG DATA a pile field at sites composed of dispersed and water-saturated soils. Carrying out the observations before and after the construction of pile foundation allows Melinda Chapman, U.S. Geological Survey one to obtain a quantitative estimate of variations in seismic properties, what is especially important for working in seismically active areas. GeoLog Locator is a new, publicly available online resource tool that allows users to view and download geophysical logs. Released in September 2017 (https://www.usgs.gov/news/borehole-geophysical-logs-now-easily-accessible- through-new-usgs-online-map), the interface serves logs collected and compiled by the USGS, dating back to 1958. Since 2000, the Water Mission Area of the USGS has required internal archiving of geophysical logs and now many of these logs are available to the public for the first time. Prior to the release of this application, scientists and the public were required to contact the USGS individually to access logs, typically within a particular state. Within the GeoLog Locator web application interface, users can zoom and select individual sites (boreholes or wells) having geophysical logs, or choose specific states, counties, or territories. A defined geographic bounding area may also be used to search for logs. Additional search criteria includes: log category (generally logging tools used); file format (for example, Log Ascii 148 Vol 23, 1 2018
BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICSPresentation No. 42 Work will be presented from two Ottawa-area GSC borehole calibration sites, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS drilled in distinctly different geological settings. In the late 1970’s and earlyPRESENTER/CONTACT: PAUL SCHWERING 1980’s, the GSC developed quantitative borehole calibration facilities, consistingEMAIL: [email protected] of model calibration boreholes for gamma-ray spectral logging probes with known concentrations of potassium (K), uranium (U), and thorium (Th), and sixCAMPAIGN CROSS-BOREHOLE SEISMIC deep test boreholes drilled in Palaeozoic sedimentary (sandstone, dolomite,CHARACTERIZATION FOR THE EGS COLLAB shale) and Precambrian (granitic) bedrock. The boreholes were continuouslyPROJECT cored, range in depth from 120 – 300 m, and were sited within a 10 to 100 m triangular configuration for cross-hole capabilities.Paul Schwering, Sandia National Laboratories; Hunter Knox, SandiaNational Laboratories In 2014, the GSC sampled and cased a 75-m borehole in a thick sequence of fine-grained, post-glacial sediment in a region prone to sensitive clay landslides.The enhanced/engineered geothermal system (EGS) multi-laboratory and The wide range of geophysical and geotechnical properties measured during-university collaborative (Collab) project brings together skilled and experienced core testing and geophysical logging has led us to consider the borehole as ascientists and engineers in the areas of subsurface process modeling, valuable calibration site, supporting ongoing geotechnical and hydrogeologicalmonitoring, and experimentation to focus on intermediate-scale EGS reservoir studies at the site.generation processes and related model validation at crystalline rock sites.Cooperative research under the EGS Collab project will provide a foundation of Presentation No. 92knowledge and modeling capability that form a bridge to meeting the challenges PRESENTER/CONTACT: MARIO CARNEVALEof EGS development and proliferation. The EGS Collab project is being EMAIL: [email protected] within the re-purposed mine workings (drifts) of Sanford UndergroundResearch Facility (SURF), located in Lead, South Dakota, USA. LIMITATIONS OF ACOUSTIC TELEVIEWER MEASUREMENTS IN LARGE VOID SPACESAt the time of this writing, a suite of sub-horizontal boreholes is beingdrilled from within one of the SURF mine drifts directly into the surrounding Mario Carnevale, Hager GeoScience, Inc.; Mark Domaracki, Hagercrystalline rock formation. The suite is comprised of one stimulation well, one GeoScience, Inc.production well, and several monitoring wells. The goal is to generate fracturesradiating from the stimulation well that intersect the production well, and then Boreholes encountering large irregular void spaces remain difficult to accuratelyperform flow testing of this inter-well/fracture system. Stimulation and flow measure using standard acoustic televiewer tools. Measurements withinwill be monitored with micro-earthquake (MEQ) and acoustic emission (AE) cavities extending beyond normal borehole diameters are not well constrained.instrumentation that will be grouted into the monitoring wells. Within its designed maximum imaging distance and recording time range, the effectiveness of acoustic televiewers is limited by the reduction of signalA fundamental component of MEQ/AE monitoring will include novel, campaign- reflections caused by scattering of acoustic signals along irregular cavitystyle cross-borehole seismic characterization. The proposed cross-borehole surfaces. These non-returns reduce the density of recorded signals, therebytechniques include compressional (P-) wave tomography and shear (S-) wave lowering the image resolution.profiling. Results will provide baseline P- and S-wave velocity models that willbe critical in calibrating hypocenter locations from MEQ/AE monitoring, and This limitation is partially addressed by data processing steps to enhancealso yield elastic moduli data/constraints that will be utilized for pre-stimulation data density, and we will examine the processing steps and assumptions usedmodeling. A supplemental goal is to perform velocity change detection analysis to address it. The limitation can also be addressed by applying a multi-toolby collecting cross-borehole P- and S-wave data between the stimulation and approach, providing that these alternative tools have good minimum resolutionproduction wells prior and subsequent to fracture stimulation. specifications.Presentation No. 72PRESENTER/CONTACT: HEATHER CROWEMAIL: [email protected] GEOPHYSICAL CALIBRATIONFACILITIES OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OFCANADA, IN OTTAWA, CANADA: AN UPDATEHeather Crow, Geological Survey of Canada; Kevin Brewer,Geological Survey of Canada; Timothy Cartwright, GeologicalSurvey of Canada; Barbara Dietiker, Geological Survey of Canada;Andre J. M. Pugin, Geological Survey of CanadaCalibration sites provide important opportunities for the standardizationof downhole instrument response. Using quantitative physical propertiesfrom borehole cores, calibration adds value to projects by allowing for dataconsistency from hole-to-hole, system-to-system, and importantly, overtime. The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) maintains the Bells CornersCalibration Facilities near Ottawa, Canada, which is open to all members ofthe logging community. An effort is underway to update petrophysical coremeasurements, maintain standardization for traditional instruments, andconduct logging with newly developed downhole instruments so that sitesremain relevant to members of the groundwater, geotechnical, and mineralexploration sectors.Vol 23, 1 2018 149
CHARACTERIZING AND MODELING DIFFICULT HYDROGEOLOGIC SYSTEMSWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 8 increase in the volume of gas retained within the aquifer during the active PRESENTER/CONTACT: TORBEN BACH injection period with the introduction of a low-permeable layer above the EMAIL: [email protected] injectors. Gas was shown to preferentially spread along the base of the layer as layer permeability decreased (from 1 x kaqifer to 0.03 x kaquifer). LESSONS FROM 3D HYDROGEOLOGICAL Lateral gas spreading was enhanced by increasing groundwater velocity CONCEPTUAL MODEL BUILDING (from 0 to 10 cm/day) and layer gas-entry pressure (2.22 kPa to 2.99 IN DENMARK kPa). Although the volume of gas retained in the aquifer was similar for unadjusted and adjusted gas entry pressures, higher layer entry-pressures Torben Bach, I•GIS; Tom Martlev Pallesen, I-GIS led to the formation of a well-defined gas lens that extended in both the up and downgradient directions. GPR was most sensitive to the formation INTRODUCTION of gas lenses along the base of lower permeable layers while the ERT was most sensitive to changes in spatially distributed desaturation. The The Danish government adopted a new Water Supply Act in 1998, strongest GPR response occurred beneath a low-permeability layer according to which about 40% of the country was designated as particularly with increased entry pressure. Multi-phase flow simulations confirm the valuable for groundwater withdrawal. The Act, in many ways reminiscent formation of a laterally extensive free-gas plume in the unconfined aquifer, of the Californian SGMA, mandated comprehensive hydrogeological which is consistent with experimental observations. mapping of those areas. The aim of the Act was to establish site-specific groundwater protection zones and associated regulation of land use. This Presentation No. 116 effort was completed in an exemplary public-private partnership in 2015, PRESENTER/CONTACT: SCOTT IKARD with a total estimated cost about €250 million (Refsgaard, 2009). EMAIL: [email protected] Geophysics and 3D modelling for decision making HIGH-RESOLUTION GEOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GRANITE Geophysical methods were used extensively in the mapping campaign, GRAVEL AQUIFER OF BURNET COUNTY TEXAS including improved airborne geophysical methods, for the groundwater target. The amounts and types of data, posed a new set of problems. Scott Ikard, U.S. Geological Survey; David Wallace, U.S. Geological The size and scope of the mapping project, with many public and private Survey; Andrew Teeple, USGS; Kelvey Merrill, U.S. Geological stakeholders and actors, working over a very wide time period, created a Survey need for new, integrated data management and optimized software tools to effectively process, manage, visualize and model the data to generate Hydrogeologists regularly incorporate geophysical methods into aquifer- 3D conceptual models, targeting the groundwater resource mapping. delineation studies because of their sensitivities to the electrical and Through a series of concrete examples, we present lessons learned and mechanical contrasts between different pore fluids and hydro-stratigraphic future developments underway, on workflows and methods for the 3D layers. In most practical situations, useful interpretations of the geophysical hydrogeological conceptual model building, together with some of the data are only possible when several different techniques are used, challenges encountered and the solutions implemented while working with because one or more techniques are typically required to resolve missing the Danish version of SGMA, and in other countries as well. information from one or more of the others. A multi-method geophysical approach to aquifer delineation is demonstrated in this work by a high- A series of 3D modelling scenarios will be presented, including workflow, resolution survey of the unconfined, weathered Granite-Gravel aquifer in obstacles and solutions developed southwest Burnet County, Texas. The following observations were made within a 100 m time-domain electromagnetic (EM) induction loop: (1) EM Presentation No. 21 sounding data show strong electrical contrast between the aquifer and PRESENTER/CONTACT: COLBY STEELMAN granite bedrock but indistinguishable contrast between the unsaturated EMAIL: [email protected] and saturated aquifer, allowing for the delineation of the bedrock depth but not the water-table depth; (2) seismic refraction tomograms show MULTI-PHASE FLOW SIMULATIONS OF strong mechanical contrast between the aquifer and the bedrock but METHANE GAS LEAKAGE IN AN UNCONFINED indistinguishable contrast between the unsaturated and saturated aquifer, AQUIFER: REVEALING THE IMPORTANCE OF also allowing for delineation of the bedrock depth but not the water-table HYDROGEOLOGIC CONDITIONS ON GPR AND depth; (3) bedrock surface picks from seismic refraction tomograms aid in ERT SIGNATURES interpretation of self-potential (SP) data measured on a 5 m grid, which are correlated to the surface topography and inversely correlated to bedrock Dylan Klazinga; Tony Endres; Beth Parker, G360 Centre for Applied topography, respectively, yet misleading with respect to groundwater Groundwater Research; Colby Steelman, University of Guelph flow directions without seismic refraction data; and (4) electric resistivity tomograms aid in the interpretation of seismic refraction tomograms as Methane gas was injected into an unconfined sandy aquifer at Canadian well as flow directions interpreted from SP data but are incapable of Forces Base (CFB) Borden, Canada, over a 72-day period to better distinguishing bedrock depths or flow directions in isolation. Collectively, understand the evolution of the free-gas plume. Time-lapse electrical the variety of geophysical methods incorporated into this study provides resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) revealed a more reliable delineation of the Granite-Gravel aquifer using the full a highly transient gas-phase exhibiting multiple oscillatory lateral migration geophysical data set as compared to using any one method alone, which is events. We examined the nature of these geophysically based observations confirmed by drillers’ logs from an on-site well using a multi-phase flow model (CompFlow Bio) through a series of simplified hydrogeologic scenarios, designed to evaluate the impacts of macro-heterogeneity, anisotropy, groundwater velocity, air-entry pressure, layer discontinuity, and injection rate history on the evolution of the free- gas plume. Forward ERT and GPR simulations were conducted on select groundwater flow models to evaluate geophysical sensitivity to pore-water desaturation during the simulated injection period. Results show >25% 150 Vol 23, 1 2018
CHARACTERIZING AND MODELING DIFFICULT HYDROGEOLOGIC SYSTEMSPresentation No. 194 the geology along Medano creek consists of three main water bearing layers WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: AHMAD-ALI BEHROOZMAND separated by aquatards. These are, top to bottom, 1) a perched aquifer, 2) anEMAIL: [email protected] unconfined aquafer, and 3) a confined aquifer. It is believed that there is an aquitard that creates a perched aquifer under and around Medano Creek.ASSESSING THE UTILITY OF A NEWGEOPHYSICAL SUBSURFACE IMAGING SYSTEM We have inverted these data and have begun jointly interpreting the resistivityFOR EFFICIENT EVALUATION OF RECHARGE models. Initial result show several conductive features that we are interpretingSITES as aquatards. Several of these features correlate with a locally shallower water- table with noticeable increased vegetation at the surface.Ahmad-Ali Behroozmand, Stanford University; Esben Auken,Hyrogeophysics Group - Aarhus University; Rosemary Knight, Presentation No. 219Stanford University; Aaron Fukuda, Tulare Irrigation District PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOHN JANSEN EMAIL: [email protected] study was conducted in the Tulare Irrigation District, California, with thegoal of assessing the utility of a recently developed geophysical imaging GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION OVER A LARGEmethod for evaluating potential dedicated recharge basins as well as the IMPACT STRUCTURE IN MANSON, IOWAsuitability of on-farm recharge sites, i.e. farm fields that are used for rechargethrough surface spreading. John Jansen, Leggette, Brashears and Graham, a member of WSP; Dave Hume, Leggette, Brashears and Graham; Ronald Bell,For an ideal recharge site, the ground needs to be conducive to infiltration International Geophysical Services, LLC; Ted Powell, Leggette,and recharge of water to the subsurface storage layers. In the case of using Brashears and Grahamfarm fields as temporary infiltration basins, meeting this criterion is critical bothbecause it determines if the basin can effectively recharge the aquifer, but also Manson, Iowa lies above a large impact structure that has disrupted thebecause an inability to infiltrate quickly enough would result in extended periods geologic column and complicated the hydrogeology of the area. The Mansonof ponded water at or near the surface, which may damage the roots of any Impact Structure (MIS) was formed 74 million years ago when a large meteorcrops or trees being grown in the fields. struck and the normal sequence of Paleozoic rocks was blasted into the air. A large ring structure of faulted PreCambrian rock was thrust vertically into a largeWe employed a recently developed towed time-domain electromagnetic (tTEM) roughly circular central peak surrounded by a large moat structure. The moatsystem that is specifically designed for b c\’3-D high-resolution imaging of the was filled by fused glass-like sediment composed of the superheated rocksupper 60-80 m of the subsurface. The system is towed behind an ATV while that had been blasted out of the crater. Vertical displacements are estimatedcontinuously imaging the subsurface geology. to be on the order of 10,000 feet. This resulted in a large granitic conical structure surrounded by low permeability shale-dominated impact debris calledThe results from five field sites show detailed structural variations at the scale Phanerozoic Clast Breccia (PCB).of meters and provide insight on the suitability of each site for aquifer recharge.For example, in an almond grove in which we worked variations in clay/sand The City has two wells drilled in the early 1900s that produce water from whatare shown on such a fine scale that the infiltration efficiency is highly dependent appears to be a zone of brecciated granitic rock, called the Crystalline Claston where surface water is spread within the grove. We compared the results Breccia (CCB) and a fractured pyroclastic flow material (the Pyroclast Unit).with other geophysical data (airborne EM, electrical resistivity and induced Recently Manson drilled four unsuccessful municipal wells within their city limitspolarization) and with available hydrogeologic data. The tTEM system has in an attempt to produce water from the same aquifer as their existing wells.the potential to be a valuable method for assessing the suitability of sites for The drilling results indicated that the existing conceptual model of the MIS wasrecharge, thereby decreasing the risk associated with large investments and too simplistic to predict where viable aquifer units could be found.increasing the effectiveness of recharge operations. We conducted a detailed gravity and magnetic survey from the Central PeakPresentation No. 207 into the City limits which indicated the presence of smaller horst and grabenPRESENTER/CONTACT: BENJAMIN BLOSS type structures on the Central Peak that appeared to correlate with the presenceEMAIL: [email protected] of permeable CCB and Pyroclast units. TEM soundings were conducted at selected sites to confirm the location of the faults and the presence ofINTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC permeable fractured units in the grabens. Three test well locations have beenGEOPHYSICAL STUDY FOR WATER RESOURCES selected and drilling is expected to be completed in early 2018.IN GREAT SAND DUNES NATIONAL PARK,COLORADO Benjamin Bloss, U.S. Geological SurveyIn early December, 2016, the USGS, in collaboration with the National ParksService, collected DC resistivity and frequency-domain EM data along MedanoCreek in the Great Sand Dunes National Park (GSDNP), Colorado. These dataprofiles were collected to help understand the hydrogeology along MedanoCreek and stretch multiple kilometers in length. Motivation for this survey stemsfrom new groundwater regulations, that may affect how GSDNP manages waterif the two water wells that provide water to the GSDNP facilities are pumpingfrom the unconfined aquifer. Well 2 provides water to the campground. Littleis known about static water level or yields, as records of the well constructionand yields are unavailable. Well 1 supplies water to the visitor center andsome staff facilities and has a static water level ~90 m below land surfaceand has consistently yields 18 gpm. Broadly speaking, a conceptual model ofVol 23, 1 2018 151
DAMS AND LEVEES IWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 6 microgravity surfaces, SP surfaces, seismic refraction velocity profiles, and PRESENTER/CONTACT: RONALD KAUFMANN ERI resistivity profiles georeferenced into the model gives the geophysicist EMAIL: [email protected] and the engineer a powerful collaborative tool for understanding complex site conditions. MICROGRAVITY TO ASSESS KARST BENEATH TVA DAMS Presentation No. 50 PRESENTER/CONTACT: KEVIN HON Ronald Kaufmann, Spotlight Geophysical Services; Kim Davis, EMAIL: [email protected] Golder Associates; Kevin Hon, S&ME, Inc.; Jeffrey Munsey, Tennessee Valley Authority USING GEOPHYSICS TO ASSIST AN INTERNAL EROSION/SEEPAGE INVESTIGATION AT THE The flow of the Tennessee River and its tributaries are controlled by a TVA CHATUGE DAM series of dams constructed by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) for flood control, power generation, and navigation. Many of these dams are Kevin Hon, S&ME, Inc.; Jeffrey Munsey, Tennessee Valley founded on karst geology and are susceptible to seepage and sinkhole Authority; Kim Davis, Golder Associates development. Geophysical exploration programs play an important role in the characterization, monitoring, and remediation planning of these potential karst The Tennessee Valley Authority’s (TVA) Chatuge Dam (CTH) is located hazards beneath TVA dams. Microgravity has proven to be an essential part on the Hiwassee River in Clay County, North Carolina in the Blue Ridge of the geophysical exploration programs at the reconnaissance and detailed- physiographic province. The dam foundation consists of residual, alluvial, feature levels. We present case studies where microgravity successfully and colluvial soils which overlie metamorphic and igneous rocks of defines anomalies due to karst features and geologic structure. Examples the Carolina Gneiss formation. CTH is an earthen embankment about include mapping dissolution zones beneath earthen embankments, identifying 3,000 feet in length originally constructed in 1942 for flood storage and possible seepage pathways through karst conduits, characterizing geologic flow regulation for the Hiwassee Dam further downstream with a single structure that controls karst development, and monitoring subsurface mass hydropower generating unit added in 1954. Visual evidence of seepage, changes. We demonstrate how microgravity is beneficial in areas that standing water, and subsidence have been documented at CTH since present logistical constraints to other geophysical methods, while providing construction but of particular concern is an area on the left abutment that complementary data in areas where other geophysical methods are applicable. has exhibited persistent seepage in recent years. Historical investigations We validate the effectiveness of microgravity surveys through historical records have been performed by TVA, and we previously performed a limited of karst features encountered during dam construction and by information from geophysical exploration in 2014 using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography geotechnical borings. (ERT) and Spontaneous Potential (SP) methods. In 2016, TVA requested that a more comprehensive supplemental geophysical exploration be Presentation No. 36 conducted to assist them in assessing current and future risks associated PRESENTER/CONTACT: JUSTIN SHELTON with internal erosion/seepage with particular focus on the left embankment. EMAIL: [email protected] For the 2016 exploration, we performed (1) a multi-depth Frequency Domain Electromagnetic (FDEM) survey over an approximate 26 acre area GUNTERSVILLE DAM SOUTH EMBANKMENT to identify conductive features potentially related to increased moisture 3-D GIS MODEL and/or buried structures that may be an influence on the other geophysical techniques, (2) a SP grid within the left half of the dam to identify areas of Justin Shelton, Golder Associates; Kim Davis, Golder Associates; potential fluid movement through the underlying media, and (3) additional Jeffrey Munsey, Tennessee Valley Authority; Scottie Barrentine, ERT survey lines and a Seismic Refraction (SR) survey to focus on the Tennessee Valley Authority; Kristen Smith, Tennessee Valley phreatic surface and top of bedrock. Several correlating features were Authority identified and ultimately the geophysical survey results, along with spatial data such as wells, borings, CPTs, bedrock and ground surfaces, etc., were The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created by an Act of Congress on used in the development of a three-dimensional conceptual site hydro- May 18, 1933. Guntersville Dam, the third main river dam project completed, geologic model. was authorized on November 27, 1935 and the gates were closed and the reservoir began filling on January 16, 1939. Soon after the reservoir began filling, high groundwater levels were noted downstream of the left (south) embankment. These high groundwater levels have been the subject of several rounds of investigation at Guntersville Dam. Most recently, TVA commissioned development of a comprehensive three-dimensional (3-D) geographic information system (GIS) model of the site which is being used in risk assessments for Guntersville Dam as part of TVA’s Dam Safety Assurance Program. The first version of this 3-D GIS model concentrated on the dam’s south embankment and is the subject of this presentation. The model incorporates pre-dam site topography and top of rock surface, the major dam construction components of the south embankment (trenches, concrete cut-off wall, steel sheet piles, grout holes, grout takes, calyx holes, and caves), the post dam topography and top of rock surface, all borings from 1935 to present, all geophysical data, and input from the site hydrogeological investigations. The 3-D GIS model is a valuable tool for TVA engineers to visualize the interaction of the dam’s engineered structures with site geology and groundwater hydrology as conditions have changed since dam construction began. Viewing the various geophysical datasets, such as 152 Vol 23, 1 2018
DAMS AND LEVEES IIPresentation No. 54 was repeated and the new data were compared to the original survey. The WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: CHRIS BRYANT results of this pseudo-time-lapse evaluation are also presented in this paperEMAIL: [email protected] and proved valuable in assessing the effectiveness of the grouting program and the updating of the dams’ Emergency Action Plan.GEOPHYSICAL METHODS USED TO SUPPORTTVA’S DAM SAFETY ASSURANCE PROGRAM Presentation No. 129 PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEFFREY MUNSEYChris Bryant, Golder Associates; Kim Davis, Golder Associates; EMAIL: [email protected] Kaufmann, Spotlight Geophysical Services; Jeffrey Munsey,Tennessee Valley Authority; Scottie Barrentine, Tennessee Valley HISTORY OF GEOPHYSICAL APPLICATIONAuthority; Peter Zimmerman, Tennessee Valley Authority AT TVAThe Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created by an Act of Congress Jeffrey Munsey, Tennessee Valley Authority; Kim Davis, Golderon May 18, 1933. One of the agency’s primary mandates was to create Associatesand implement a program for the unified development and management ofthe Tennessee River system. Today, TVA maintains a series of dams on From its inception, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has utilizedthe Tennessee River from Knoxville, TN to the Ohio River, and on the major geophysical methods as a tool for site characterization. Electrical resistivitytributaries of the Tennessee River. These dams provide a variety of benefits surveys were used in the 1930’s and 40’s as a tool to characterize soilincluding flood control, power generation, and navigation. Since 2012, TVA and rock conditions at dam sites. Later, in the 1960’s, TVA conductedhas undertaken an ambitious program of stability analyses and internal seismic refraction surveys to determine depth to top of rock at dams anderosion studies for its dams through the Dam Safety Assurance Program. nuclear plants. These were simple surveys that used a single channelGeophysical programs play an important role in these studies through the seismograph, a single geophone, and a sledge hammer with a metalcharacterization of embankment dams and their foundations, and other plate. In this period TVA was contracting borehole geophysical servicesfeatures of the dam project. We present case studies where geophysical for basic logs such as downhole seismic, natural gamma, caliper, single-methods such as seismic refraction, multichannel analysis of surface waves point resistivity and long-short normal resistivity. By the 1970’s, TVA’s(MASW), electrical resistivity (ERI), self-potential (SP), microgravity and Geological Services Branch had developed a dedicated geophysics sectionelectromagnetic (EM) have been used to identify geologic structures, karst equipped with a borehole geophysical logging truck, Bison seismographs,zones, weathering profiles and seepage pathways via land and marine and a Lacoste & Romberg Gravimeter. TVA could run all basic boreholesurveys. We examine how TVA’s historical geologic investigations and logs plus sonic logs and active source logging tools, such as 4-Pi density,construction records, augmented by more recent geotechnical data, are used compensated density, and neutron. In the 1980’s, TVA converted theirin conjunction with the geophysical results to produce comprehensive hydro- analog borehole geophysical logging truck to a digital logging system andgeologic models of the dams and their immediate environment. added an acoustic televiewer. During the 1980’s TVA also operated a truck mounted 48-channel Input-Output digital seismic recording systemPresentation No. 93 for seismic reflection surveys. TVA deployed and maintained a regionalPRESENTER/CONTACT: DAVID VALINTINE microearthquake seismic monitoring network that covered the TVA regionEMAIL: [email protected] from 1982 to 1995. TVA’s use of geophysical tools waned during the 1990s, however, in the last decade, TVA began re-emphasizing the useUSING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR AND of geophysics for investigations at dam sites especially to support theREMOTE VISUAL INSPECTIONS TO ASSIST Dam Safety Assurance Program. Today, TVA has in house geophysicalTHE REHABILITATION OF THE LAKE RAVEN capabilities that include a borehole acoustic televiewer, downhole gammaDAM SPILLWAY AT HUNTSVILLE STATE PARK, and fluid resistivity tools, an AGI SuperSting ERI system and GPR system.TEXAS TVA also continues to operate strong motion accelerographs at selected dams, an initiative that began in the early 1990’s.David Valintine, Fugro USA Land, Inc.Lake Raven Dam is located within the Huntsville State Park, 70 miles northof Houston. The original 1,000-foot earthen dam was rebuilt with a concretespillway in 1956 from funds from timber sales when the park opened. In2009, the Texas Commission for Environmental Quality determined the damwas one of the 1,773 dams in Texas that requires an Emergency ActionPlan. To assist the development of this plan, the Texas Parks and WildlifeDepartment commissioned a geotechnical investigation of the earthen damand a non-destructive evaluation of the concrete spillway.This paper presents the findings of an initial ground penetrating radar(GPR) survey of the concrete spillway conducted in 2011. A GPR systemwith a 900 MHz antenna was used to evaluate the subgrade materialunderlying the spillway and identified numerous anomalies indicative ofvoiding and washout. To ground truth the GPR survey results, remotevisual inspections with a video endoscope and direct void measurementswere conducted through small-diameter drill holes in the spillway. Thisdata was then used to establish a volumetric estimate of voids and to assistthe design a subsequent grouting program to rehabilitate the spillway.The construction activities associated with the dam rehabilitation wereconducted during the winter of 2016 and upon completion, the GPR surveyVol 23, 1 2018 153
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS DAMS AND LEVEES II Presentation No. 151 PRESENTER/CONTACT: LETI WODAJO EMAIL: [email protected] GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS ON CARROLL COUNTY DAM Leti Wodajo, University of Mississippi; Craig Hickey, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Mohammad Mohammadi, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Leonardo Marcelloni, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Andrew Cummings, Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality Carroll County Dam (Potacocawa Watershed Structure Y-31A-06) is an earthen dam approximately 9m (30ft) high and 229m (750ft) long. Construction of the dam was completed in 1965. The dam was constructed to obstruct a little creek flowing northeast and creating a reservoir of approximately 0.12 Km2. During a routine visual inspection in 2016, sand boils were observed downstream of the dam. Even though the dam usually retains very little water, a flood event could significantly increase pore water pressure and potentially lead to failure. During 2017, the National Center for Physical Acoustics (NCPA) in collaboration with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality Dam Safety Division conducted extensive geophysical measurements to investigate seepage and conditions within Carroll County dam. As-built plan of the dam, historic topographic maps, and available borehole information was used to aid the interpretation of the geophysical survey results. Preliminary results from the study indicate two possible conditions leading to seepage. The location of geophysical anomalies close to pre-impoundment channel support water seeping through a pre-impoundment old stream channel. The second possible condition is water seepage through a small lens of silty sand (higher porosity) imbedded within a clay layer that was not properly sealed during the preparation of the base of the dam. [This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Non- Assistance Cooperative Agreement 58-6060-6-009] 154 Vol 23, 1 2018
HUMANITARIAN GEOPHYSICSPresentation No. 124 Presentation No. 184 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: PAUL BAUMAN PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOHN LANEEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYSPERSONS (IDPS) TO DEVELOP WATER TO CHARACTERIZE GROUND WATERSUPPLIES IN RETURNEE VILLAGES IN RESOURCES AT TWO UNITED NATIONSACHOLILAND, UGANDA REFUGEE CAMPS IN NORTHWESTERN TANZANIAColin Miazga, WorleyParsons; Paul Bauman, WorleyParsons John Lane, USGS; Eric White, USGS; Sean Lane, University ofFrom 1986 until 2008, Joseph Kony lead the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) Connecticutin an insurgency in Northern Uganda, largely focused in the Acholi speakingareas known as Acholiland. Beginning in 1996, the Government of Uganda In July, 2017, Water Mission (WM) conducted Time-domain electromagneticconcentrated the approximately two million rural Acholi population into (TEM) surveys at two refugee camps administered by the United Nationsprotected villages while the war against Kony, his approximately 3,000 rebels, High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR). The TEM surveys were conductedand approximately 65,000 child soldiers was prosecuted. The protected within and adjacent to the Nyragusu and Mtendeli refugee camps located onvillages were essentially concentration camps with the highest mortality rates the border of Berundi in northwestern Tanzania. The surveys were conductedin the world. In 2008, Acholi people began returning to their abandoned and to characterize the local hydrostratigraphy and inform a conceptual model ofdestroyed villages. This talk will describe the training of Acholi people to begin groundwater availability in support of water well drilling needed to expand thethe redevelopment of their water supplies. The talk will describe short training camps.programs carried out in 2015, 2016, and 2018 where young Acholi weretrained in all aspects of water supply including geophysical water exploration, TEM soundings were conducted at a total of 27 sites (n=14 at Nyragusu;manual drilling, and hand pump repair and installation. The talk will focus on n=13 at Mtendeli) using an ABEM WalkTEM instrument and either athe geophysical aspects, beginning with the introduction of 1-D resistivity in 40x40m or 20x20m transmitter (Tx) loop. The geophysical results improved2015; moving to modeling, interpretation, and the establishment of small, understanding of the local hydrostratigraphic framework and providedentrepreneurial water companies in 2016; and applications of 2-D resistivity and important information including the depth to, and thickness of saturatedborehole geophysics in 2018. materials, locations and depth to the underlying basalt basement, and potential locations of clay or saline groundwater. Use of the 20m Tx loopPresentation No. 150 proved critical due to extreme limitations on open space within the camps.PRESENTER/CONTACT: MICHAEL KALINSKI Although additional work is needed to interpret the TEM results in the contextEMAIL: [email protected] of the local and regional geology, the TEM results are being used to guide water well drilling necessary to increase the number of refugees that can beDC RESISTIVITY SOUNDING FOR housed within the camps.GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT IN LEOGANE,HAITIMichael Kalinski, University of KentuckyThe residents of Leogane, Haiti (Pop. 90,000) have historically relied onshallow hand-excavated wells as a source of water. Until recently, these wellswere productive. Leogane is near the epicenter of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake.In the aftermath of the earthquake, humanitarian funds poured in from aroundthe world and the streets of downtown Leogane were improved using someof these funds. This improvement included the construction of 11 km ofpaved roads and 2 km of storm water drainage structures to mitigate floodingand waterborne disease. After construction, many of the shallow wells inLeogane, some of which had been productive for centuries, dried up. It isbelieved that the paved roads and drainage structures disrupted groundwaterrecharge and negatively impacted the performance of the water wells. Thissituation created a need to assess groundwater conditions to move forwardwith well remediation in Leogane. Geotechnical drill rigs traditionally used forgroundwater exploration are relatively inaccessible in Haiti, so this project isproposed to assess groundwater conditions in a cost-effective manner usinga non-intrusive geophysical approach. This project was undertaken to 1)perform geophysical DC resistivity testing to aid in understanding subsurfacegroundwater conditions and develop a strategy to remediate the dry waterwells and restore the water table, 2) train engineers active in Haiti to performthe testing and analysis using DC resistivity equipment and software thatwill be donated to them after the project and 3) provide education to Haitianengineering faculty and students on how to apply engineering geophysicstowards groundwater development. The long-term goal of this project is toenhance Haitian capabilities and self-sufficiency with respect groundwaterdevelopment in the future.Vol 23, 1 2018 155
HUMANITARIAN GEOPHYSICSWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 204 Presentation No. 223 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ERASMUS OWARE PRESENTER/CONTACT: COLIN MIAZGA EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION ON THE IMPROVING THE SUSTAINABILITY AND TEKNAF PENINSULA FOR THE ROHINGYA PRODUCTIVITY OF POOR SMALLHOLDER REFUGEE CRISIS FARMERS IN NORTHERN GHANA USING ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION GUIDED Colin Miazga, WorleyParsons; Alastair McClymont, Advisian; Paul PRECISION IRRIGATION Bauman, WorleyParsons Erasmus Oware, University at Buffalo; Jeremy Fontaine, University The Rohingya people are a stateless Muslim minority from Rakhine State, at Buffalo; John Lane, USGS Myanmar. They have been fleeing Myanmar to countries like Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Malaysia for over 30 years. In August of 2017, Northern Ghana spans almost half of the country with a semi-arid climatic Myanmar security forces began clearance operations which has resulted in condition. While the primary occupation of the people is farming, the hot the fastest developing refugee emergency in the world. Since August 25 of and dry conditions coupled with only one raining season limit the farming 2017, over 650,000 Rohingya have fled Myanmar to the southeastern region season to only 4 to 5 months of the year, making Northern Ghana the most of Bangladesh. This is in addition to the 200,000-300,000 Rohingya that were poverty-ridden area in the country. The poverty situation has fueled a coping already living in Bangladesh, the majority as unregistered refugees. The mechanism of rural-urban migration to big cities in search for meagre or enormous migration of people began during the monsoon season, where non-existent jobs. Small-scale irrigation from the White Volta River and the average rainfall is nearly four metres between June and October. By its tributaries presents a unique opportunity for dry-season farming to contrast, the dry season, beginning in November and ending in March, has provide off-season employment. Their current irrigation scheduling practice, almost no rainfall. The extreme contrast between these two seasons causes however, ignores the underlying soil characteristics that control the water- surface water reservoirs to dry up before the end of the dry season and, at holding capacity (WHC) of the soil, rendering the practice inefficient. present, there are no properly developed aquifers from which the camps can extract groundwater. With the impending dry season and the massive influx of The primary goal of this Geoscientists without Borders (GWB) project is refugees to the Teknaf Peninsula, water resources will be stressed beyond their to assist poor small-scale farmers to make judicious use of their limited limits. In October and November of 2017, our team of geophysicists undertook irrigation water, with the long-term goal of enabling dry-season farming to geophysical surveys for groundwater exploration in the vicinity of the Nayapara, promote socio-economic development and food security. Infiltration rates Leda and Kutupalong Refugee Camp, on the Teknaf Peninsula. An unmanned and WHCs of soils, which determine plant available water, are primarily aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to obtain high-resolution photography of the controlled by the underlying soil texture. To sustain the long-term benefits refugee camps. This enabled potential survey lines to be distinguished from of the project, we will create a precision irrigation framework (PIF) for the the chaotic, rolling landscape of shelters and rice fields. Electrical resistivity entire project region using a multiscale approach. First, we will combine tomography (ERT) profiles were used to explore for potential sandstone satellite imagery and direct soil sampling to create a large-scale texture aquifers to a depth of approximately 120 metres. We combined this data with map for the whole project area. Second, we will employ an electromagnetic extremely limited borehole logs from poorly completed water wells to help induction characterization of soils to create high-resolution pseudo-soil develop a geologic model for the region. maps of project farms to create subfield water management zones (WMZs). We will calibrate the WHCs of soils within the WMZs through field infiltration tests. We will unify the high-resolution data acquired at the farm-scale with the large-scale texture map to produce a PIF for the project region. Here, we will present results of the year one field work. 156 Vol 23, 1 2018
HYDROGEOPHYSICS IPresentation No. 27 as receivers. The receivers were placed at 5 feet spacing on seven of WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: MD ALAM the ten lines. The remainder of the lines had geophone spacing at 10-footEMAIL: [email protected] intervals. Data were processed using the Rayfract software package, from Intelligent Resources, Inc. This software allows analysis of seismicCHARACTERIZATION OF NORMAN LANDFILL IN refraction data using conventional wavefront and plus-minus methods asOKLAHOMA: AN INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL well as tomographic inversion based on the Waveform Eikonal TomographyAND GEOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO IMAGE A (WET) method.CONTAMINANT PLUME Prior to the geophysical investigation, and based on results of the previousMD Alam, University of Tennessee at Knoxville; Andrew investigations, the threshold for a well installation to be considered aKatumwehe, Oklahoma State University success was a sustained flow rate of 0.75 gpm. Subsequent well locations, based on the seismic work showed substantial improvement, with flowLandfill leachate plumes have been one of the major environmental rates over six gpm in one of the wells. Our conclusion, therefore, is that thechallenges because of its ability in contaminating ground water aquifers. seismic tomography was a valuable tool for enhancing the remediation atThe toxic materials transported by leachate plumes are highly vulnerable to this site, and could be beneficial for other sites.water resources in shallower depths. Current study site is a closed municipalsolid waste landfill, formerly operated by the City of Norman in Oklahoma. Presentation No. 46The study was conducted to map the edges of the Norman landfill leachate PRESENTER/CONTACT: PEETER PEHMEplume and its migration directions over time. We used different geophysical EMAIL: [email protected] including electrical resistivity, electromagnetic (EM34), seismicand spontaneous potential (SP). Previously analyzed total dissolved solids GAINING INSIGHTS ABOUT(TDS) data was also incorporated from groundwater samples collected from HYDROSTRATIGRAPHY AND FLOW THROUGHthe wells. The results from EM 34 and resistivity methods show a strong FRACTURED ROCK BY USING HIGHconductive zone across the study area which may have been the measure SENSITIVITY THERMAL GRADIENT LOGGINGof higher concentration of contaminants from the leachate plume. Seismicvelocity shows a general decrease in velocity across the plume. Although Peeter Pehme, G360 Institute for Groundwater Research; Bethsuch behavior of velocity across the plume was not understood completely, Parker, G360 Centre for Applied Groundwater Research; Jessicabut the decreasing velocity corresponds to low resistivity area. This may be Meyer, G360 Institute for Groundwater Researchsuggestive of the increasing porous nature of the medium as the leachateprecipitates. Results from the SP, also shows changes across the plume. Hydrogeologists have used thermal variations in the subsurface for decadesAll the results from different geophysical techniques represent a significant to characterize groundwater recharge and discharge, both on a regionalcorrelation. Along with geophysical signatures of the area, high chloride basis as well as to resolve local groundwater-surface water interactions.concentration zones were identified from TDS data as well. After integrating Although temperature profiles in open boreholes have provided someall the results from geophysical and geochemical analysis, edges of the support for those analyses, often vertical, cross-connected water flowleachate plume were located along the central part of all of our survey lines. along the open borehole annulus limits the usefulness of temperatureHowever, the northeastern edge of the conductive body was also delineated. logs and creates a bias as water moves in or out of only a few of the mostOur study suggests that an integrated geophysical study can be applied transmissive fractures.successfully to characterize contaminant leachate plume and can be tied withgeochemical results for better mapping of such plumes. Irregularities in thermal gradients through the heterothermic zone, generally 40-50 meters thick, are primarily caused by variations in groundwaterPresentation No. 30 movement. Therefore, temperature logging should be highly diagnosticPRESENTER/CONTACT: DEREK PINKHAM of contrasts in groundwater flow with depth. The thermal vector probeEMAIL: [email protected] (TVP) uses four high sensitivity temperature sensors orientated to the earth’s magnetic field with fluxgate magnetometers to measure spatiallySEISMIC REFRACTION SURVEYS OF A PORTION orientated thermal gradient data (Pehme et al 2014). We present insightsOF NAVAL STATION NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND about groundwater flow through fractured rock achieved by measuring the three-dimensional characteristics of the thermal gradient using a TVP probeDerek Pinkham, Tetra Tech EC; William Doll, TetraTech; Joseph in boreholes that are temporarily sealed with a FLUTe flexible fabric liner toPanzik, University of Tennessee, Knoxville eliminate borehole cross-connection. The vector components of the thermal gradient are compared against hydraulic responses measured in networkA surface geophysical survey was performed in a portion of Naval Station of multilevel systems installed in a dolostone aquifer beneath Guelph,Newport that was impacted by historical releases of chlorinated solvents. Ontario Canada as both monitoring datasets provide insights on variationsThe purpose of the survey was to investigate the depth to water table, depth in groundwater flow in response to a large-scale pumping test. The datato bedrock, and especially to characterize variations in bedrock seismic show that both the direction and magnitude of the thermal vector varies in avelocity along profile lines that might provide insight into more permeable consistent manner with the measured hydraulic gradients from the multilevelzones that were anticipated at shallow depths and which could exhibit systems. The results confirm the usefulness of measuring highly detailedenhanced groundwater flow. Seismic refraction tomography (SRT) was thermal gradient data to provided increased resolution of boundaries andselected as the most appropriate method for the site, based on the desired characteristics of hydrogeologic units within the heterothermic zone.depth of penetration and numerous site constraints, including infrastructure,deep well casings, and surface modifications (parking lots, roads, riprap,and vegetated areas), especially those in areas of particular interest. Datawere acquired along ten profile lines, ranging from 115-470 feet in length.Seismic data were acquired with a 48-channel Geometrics Geode systemusing a sledge hammer as the seismic energy source and 4.5 Hz geophonesVol 23, 1 2018 157
HYDROGEOPHYSICS IWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 63 Presentation No. 97 PRESENTER/CONTACT: SINA SANEIYAN PRESENTER/CONTACT: NIELS CLAES EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] UNDERSTANDING FLOW TRANSPORT IN ESTIMATION OF WETTING FRONT MOVEMENT THE CRITICAL ZONE USING 3D ELECTRICAL FROM TIME-LAPSE ERT AT FIELD SCALE RESISTIVITY IMAGING Niels Claes, University of Wyoming; Ginger Paige, University of Susan Brantley, Penn State University; Sina Saneiyan, Rutgers Wyoming; Andrew Parsekian, University of Wyoming University - Newark; Gregory Mount, Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Brandon Forsythe, Penn State University; Judy Tracking the behavior of the wetting front during infiltration experiments can Robinson, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ; Lee Slater, Rutgers provide often-valuable information that is used to describe and quantify soil University physical parameters and predict the fate of pollution. Time-lapse surface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a popular method to study near- There is a need to study hydrological processes within the Earth’s critical zones surface hydro-geophysical processes and quantify changes in the subsurface since these near surface environments determine our agricultural productivity hydrological status. A common analysis method is to link a reduction of and affect water quality. Water transport within the near surface can play a resistivity values at a specific location with the passing of a wetting front at controlling role in nutrient and contaminant transport and hence water quality. that location. A number of studies have observed that during the monitoring Critical zone observatories (CZO) are now active research areas to study these of wetting fronts with time lapse ERT, the inverted data in front of the wetting environments within different historical land-use regions. front tend to show an increase in resistivity, which does not make sense from a hydrologic perspective. This behavior is sometimes attributed to be an artefact The geophysical method, electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is a well- of the inversion and disregarded in further analysis. Our hypothesis in this established method in hydrological studies, since it is sensitive to subsurface study is that the complete inverted data set holds important information that can resistivity contrasts and pore fluid conductivity changes. In tracer studies, improve the accuracy of the location of wetting fronts at field scale. We explore time-lapse ERI can remove the ambiguity of the interpreted resistivity structure via synthetic models and field data the potential of using the complete inverted by imaging changes over time. dataset to locate the wetting front more accurately. Our synthetic models and scenarios are based upon data collected during field experiments. Flooding Garner Run is an upland catchment within the Shavers Watershed at Shale experiments were conducted on a sandy field, interlaced with more loamy Hills CZO, PA where previously a 2D-ERI study was conducted (Rutgers SEG layers, during different times over the irrigation season. Incorporation of these student chapter, hydrogeophysics workshop, 2016). This study investigated different field conditions, allows us to assess the impact of different starting the subsurface flow architecture along two hillslopes, Tussey Mountain conditions and soil heterogeneity on the location and movement of wetting and Leading Ridge, and found electrical contrasts supported the previous fronts. Comparing classical metrics based on reduction in resistivity with the geochemical evidence of shallow interflow. complete inverted dataset shows that incorporation of the complete inverted data set improves identification of the location of the wetting front from time- To further investigate this area, we performed two 3D-ERI tracer studies lapse ERT experiments under high intensity water application. on Tussey Mountain and the Leading Ridge at locations along the 2D-ERI transect (Rutgers SEG student chapter, hydrogeophysics workshop, 2017). A potassium bromide solution was allowed to percolate in shallow trenches dug directly upslope of each ERI grid. ERI measurements were collected from a 3D surface array consisting of a 12 by 4 grid of electrodes spaced 1 m apart. Our images reveal initial rapid vertical movement downward of the tracer followed by a slower horizontal movement along a boundary layer, in support of previous shallow interflow hypotheses. We also find that the spatial extent and by extension mass moments vary depending on the hillslope. Using 3D-ERI to image tracer migration provided a better understanding of the dynamic flow architecture at Garner Run. 158 Vol 23, 1 2018
HYDROGEOPHYSICS IIPresentation No. 144 Presentation No. 167 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: TONY MORAES PRESENTER/CONTACT: ROBIN GLASEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] SEASONAL SOIL ANTECEDENTMOISTURE BETWEEN TWO SUB-ALPINE INTEGRATING MULTIPLE GEOPHYSICALHILLSLOPES USING ERT METHODS TO UNDERSTAND GROUNDWATER STORAGE AND DISCHARGE IN TROPICALTony Moraes; Andrew Parsekian, University of Wyoming PROGLACIAL CATCHMENTSSoil antecedent moisture and regional geology have important controls Robin Glas, Syracuse University; Laura Lautz, Syracuse University;on storage in subalpine zero order catchments. Storage is a critical, yet Jeffrey McKenzie, McGill University; Robert Moucha, Syracuserelatively unknown hydrologic property that affects availability of water, University; Bryan Mark, Ohio State Universityvegetation distribution, and biogeochemical and ecological processes. Inthis study, we compared the change in moisture content through time in The Cordillera Blanca in North-western Peru is home to 25% of the world’stwo zero-order catchments hillslopes in Wyoming to understand how the tropical glaciers, where hydrologic regimes are rapidly changing due tosoil antecedent moisture affects hydrologic response. We hypothesized warming- induced glacier recession. Proglacial alpine meadows are storing athat rate of input is controlled by regional geology, and a faster input rate significant portion of annual basin discharge, and buffer dry season low flowswill correlate to how quickly deep-soil dry zones become wet enough to as glaciers continue to lose their influence on the regional hydrologic cycle. Wehydraulically connect. Using time-lapse electrical resistivity, we measured used integrated seismic (refraction, H/V passive seismic) and electrical (2D ERTthe change in soil water content change between winter and summer, onset and 1D soundings) in conjunction with borehole data to characterize the natureof snowmelt. We found that colluvial deposits in one site yielded higher of proglacial talus aquifers in alpine meadows at elevations above 3500 masl.infiltration rates, but shorter memory over the monthly and seasonal scales. The meadow subsurface exhibits a transition from relatively slow (400-800 m/s)The other site, a saprolitic, deeper soil, experienced slower infiltration rates, to fast (~2500 m/s) seismic p-wave velocity at depths of 4 to 8 am, coincidingand longer memory effects. with the top of a composite layer of buried talus boulders, according to borehole data. Artesian pressure head in piezometers screened at the boulders indicatePresentation No. 155 the presence of an aquifer confined by clay sediments. Resistivity profilesPRESENTER/CONTACT: DALE RUCKER suggest that the upper most portions of the buried talus deposit are infilled withEMAIL: [email protected] saturated clay, which dissipates with depth where sediments become more electrically resistive. Passive seismic and 1D electrical soundings suggest thatELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND total sediment thickness extends deeper than 20 m, allowing for first estimatesINDUCED POLARIZATION TOMOGRAPHY of talus aquifer storage volumes and groundwater residence times. BasedCHARACTERIZATION OF HYPORHEIC on the results from this study, we present a refined conceptual model of talusZONE EXCHANGE IMPACTING MERCURY aquifers, from their formation to hydrologic function. Throughout the CordilleraTRANSPORT IN EAST FORK POPULAR CREEK, Blanca, buried talus aquifers have the potential to store between 7 and 20%TENNESSEE of annual basin discharge, which will allow for future predictions of dry season base flow for the region’s principal river.Dale Rucker, hydroGEOPHYSICS, Inc.; Chia-Hsing Tsai, New MexicoState University; Kenneth Carroll, New Mexico State UniversityMercury (Hg) contamination of the headwaters of East Fork Poplar Creek(EFPC) in Tennessee has been reported for at least 30 years. This researchaims to address the need to quantify the locations and uncertainty of Hgsources and fluxes into the EFPC stream at a focused reach-scale lengthof around 200 meters. The geophysical methods of, electrical resistivitytomography (ERT) and induced polarization (IP) were used to non-destructively characterize large volumes of the surface water – hyporheicwater continuum of the bank and stream in preparation of a tracer test. The12 transects of ERT and induced IP were collected with 3 meter electrodeintervals, including 11 lines perpendicular and across the stream and oneline parallel to the stream. The multi-gradient Wenner array was applied tomeasure the electrical properties to map out the subsurface heterogeneityunderneath EFPC. The results revealed a two-layer system includinga conductive and chargeable, clay-rich soil overlying a less conductivelimestone bedrock with low chargeability. The bedrock, although fracture-flowdominated, likely has a lower hydraulic conductivity than the overlying soils,which may limit the transportation of Hg through the groundwater system. Aburied paleochannel was discovered below and adjacent to the current creek,which could impact the storage and transport of groundwater and solutes,such as Hg. These results illustrate the potential for electrical methods tosupport subsurface and hyporheic zone characterization of surface water andgroundwater exchange.Vol 23, 1 2018 159
HYDROGEOPHYSICS IIWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 224 Presentation No. 240 PRESENTER/CONTACT: DORIA KUTRUBES PRESENTER/CONTACT: KONSTANTINOS EMAIL: [email protected] TSAKIRMPALOGLOU EMAIL: [email protected] GRAVITY SURVEYING FOR A POTABLE WATER SUPPLY, CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS DESIGNING OF A MONITORING SYSTEM FOR REMEDIATION OF A BROWNFIELD AREA Weizhong Wang, Geo Tomo, LLC; Doria Kutrubes, Radar Solutions International; Thomas Sexton, GZA; Cameron Russ, Radar Konstantinos Tsakirmpaloglou; Thierry Martin; Aude Solutions International, Inc.; Jonathan Wolf, Radar Solutions DEVALCKENEER; Marie-Eve DUPREZ; Amandine Liénard; Gilles International, Inc.; John Kick, Kick GeoExploration (Retired) Colinet; Jean-Marie Collet; Pascal GODERNIAUX; Anne-Lise Hantson; Olivier Kaufmann Gravity surveying for potable water supplies has been done successfully since the 1970s, but with limitations on accuracy in complex hydrogeologic In the scope of the MEMORIS research project aiming at brownfield settings, time required to complete deliverables, and cost associated with remediation by bio-stimulation, an ERT and IP monitoring experiment is labor and computationally intensive procedures. We re-introduce the gravity conducted. This geophysical monitoring complements more classical soil method, augmented by GPR, for groundwater prospecting in a small central and water sampling techniques in order to follow the site evolution during the Massachusetts City, incorporating the latest advances in GPS determination remediation. of positioning and elevation, and digital elevation maps, important for terrain corrections, and a 3D gravity inversion of the data to produce a more accurate The brownfield lies outside Charleroi city in Belgium in an old industrial area picture of the subsurface. and used to be a cokery. One area on the site was selected to carry on a remediation experiment. In this location, both soil and groundwater are heavily Analysis of the gravity data consists of Standard Bouguer data reduction contaminated down to 6 meters deep, especially with hydrocarbons such as and relevant anomaly isolation applied to field measurements with the aid of BTEX and PAH. macros and a computer program. A best-fit polynomial regression, constrained by known bedrock depths from borings and GPR data, was used to convert The remediation process aims at enhancing the ability of some indigenous over 100 complete Bouguer Anomaly values to bedrock depths. A polynomial bacteria and or fungi to degrade the hydrocarbons by in situ heating. regression model provides reasonable fits where groundwater depth is shallow. Limitations to the regression approach include that upper and lower boundaries Several geophysical techniques such as EM, SP, 2D and 3D ERT and IP of CBA values must be constrained, and assumes a 2D layer model. were conducted before designing and implementing a first remediation and monitoring prototype in the field. These preliminary surveys allowed better A 3D bedrock tomographic inversion was also performed, allowing for the imaging the underground conditions and help in the interpretation of soil and inversion of an initial model with four layers, comprising of air, unsaturated and water sample analysis taken on site. saturated granular soil, and bedrock. The 3D Gravity inversion program takes our initial, assumed model of the site, converts it into a 3D grid comprising From the first investigations, some important points were identified. Firstly, of different density layers, then iteratively computes a model to minimize the the site shows a high spatial heterogeneity both in the subsoil nature and in misfit between the model and the Complete Bouguer Anomaly values observed contamination. This heterogeneity is linked to the presence of old foundation in areas where no cores are present. Lastly, based on assumed densities, a substructures. Secondly, strong electromagnetic noise is present in the area depth layer model is then output as an ASCII file, where contoured results help that might interfere with geophysical measurements and might thus be limiting us assess the areas deepest to bedrock and greatest saturated thickness for the imaging possibilities. groundwater supply exploration. Results from the first data acquisitions also helped in the design of the first ERT and IP monitoring system and layout. This system is now being installed, it consists of thirteen boreholes, arranged in a triangular grid. Along seven of these boreholes a heating system was added. Each borehole is equipped as a piezometer and six stainless steel electrodes. Extra unpolarizable electrodes may be used within the pieziometers. 160 Vol 23, 1 2018
INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF GEOPHYSICS ON MILITARY MUNITIONS RESPONSE PROGRAM (MMRP) PROJECTSPresentation No. 137 investigations. Nearly 10,000 anomalies were selected for investigation, using WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: DAN GLASER this threshold, and to date all that have been investigated have been associated with metallic objects.EMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 202COLD REGIONS EFFECTS ON TDEMI SURVEYS PRESENTER/CONTACT: LAURENS BERANFOR METALLIC DEBRIS REMEDIATION EMAIL: [email protected] DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF DEEPDan Glaser, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory; UXO WITH BOREHOLE ELECTROMAGNETICSAnna Wagner, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Laurens Beran, Black Tusk Geophysics; Stephen Billings, BlackDetection of buried munitions and metallic debris are common problems at Tusk Geophysics Inchistoric firing ranges and war time sites throughout the world. The currentlyaccepted approaches for munitions detection most commonly involve the use WWII era unexploded ordnance (UXO) in urban environments are an ongoingof time-domain electromagnetic induction surveying. Existing standards for this safety hazard in Europe. In Germany, more than 2000 tons of undetonatedtype of investigation dictate survey design parameters such as data density and munitions are discovered each year. In this talk we discuss the applicationinterline spacing, while regulatory agencies often provide site specific TDEMI of advanced geophysical classification (AGC) to the German UXO problem.response clean-up standards. Typically, a TDEMI survey will be performed We present the use of time-domain electromagnetics for classification ofprior to remediation and post remediation to confirm the success of the removal large (> 250 lbs) and deep (> 2 m) UXO. These targets are beyond theefforts to responses below the clean-up standards or identify further areas reach of most AGC sensors, and so we use borehole measurements withof investigation. However, little attention is paid to the cold region conditions fluxgate magnetometers to obtain sufficient signal for target detection andand complicating effects of snow on overall survey performance. Recent characterization. Target illumination is achieved with a high current transmitterinvestigations at a munitions disposal site at Ft. Wainwright, Alaska provided a and horizontal loops deployed to achieve diverse excitation.unique opportunity to study the effects of snow depth on the TDEMI responseand subsequent detection accuracy. The height of the instrument above the Inversion of measured data is carried out with a dipole model: we estimatetarget controls the overall received response decay at a rate of 1/r6, where r the moment induced by each transmitter at each time channel. Testpitis the distance between the sensor coils and the target. Given the expected measurements indicate that for large munitions the data can be adequatelydepth of penetration associated with the TDEMI instrumentation, a change reproduced with this model, and estimated intrinsic dipole polarizabilities can bein snow depth pack of only 0.10 meters or greater can cause a significant reliably used to classify targets. However, inversion of field data sets can oftenenough change in response to effectively miss a target resulting in false be complicated by significant background signal from nearby infrastructure.negative determinations. By examining the TDEMI results obtained at the site in We discuss how background response can be modelled and show field dataconjunction with measured data, synthetic data and TDEMI models, we present examples of successful classification of deep UXO.an approach to account for the snow depth, and varying snow depths around asingle target. Accounting for the deep snow effects through calibrated modelsallows us to better ensure the intended survey performance for site clean-upstandards.Presentation No. 170 161PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEFF GAMEYEMAIL: [email protected] ARRAY OF VERTICAL MAGNETICGRADIOMETERS FOR DETECTION OF BURIEDMUNITIONS AT THE NAVAL EOD SCHOOL,EGLIN AFB, FLORIDAJeff Gamey, Tetra Tech; William Doll, TetraTechTetraTech was tasked to conduct a digital geophysical survey at the NavalEOD School at Eglin AFB, Florida to reliably detect potential munitions andexplosives of concern (MEC), including (1) 30mm projectiles (and 1‐inchx 3‐inch munitions debris [MD]) to a depth of two feet below ground level; and(2) 2.75‐in. rockets and M38‐type 100‐lb. bombs, to a depth of four feet belowground level. To meet these goals, TetraTech constructed a towed array ofairborne quality caesium vapor magnetometers, using sensors and recordingconsoles from TetraTech’s airborne VG-16 magnetometer system. Sevenvertical gradiometers (0.5m vertical separation between magnetometers) werearranged in two rows to yield 0.4m lateral separation, with all data recorded onthe VG-16 data console at 120Hz sample rate. The system, which we havenamed the VG-14g, was used to survey 21.3 acres during a 10 day period inSeptember-October 2017. The cart height was constrained by site conditionsand adjusted to operate as low as possible, with lower sensors at 0.53mabove ground level. A threshold of 5nT/m was used for the blind seed targetdetection, and a 10nT/m threshold was used to prepare dig lists for intrusive Vol 23, 1 2018
INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF GEOPHYSICS ON MILITARY MUNITIONS RESPONSE PROGRAM (MMRP) PROJECTSWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 216 Presentation No. 231 PRESENTER/CONTACT: RAHUL MHASKAR PRESENTER/CONTACT: BOB SELFRIDGE EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] REAL-TIME MAGNETIC ANOMALY DETECTION BOMBS, BULLETS, TALIBAN AND ISIS - TODAYS USING MOBILE AUTONOMOUS PLATFORMS RANGE CLEARANCE CHALLENGES IN AFGHANISTAN Rahul Mhaskar, Geometrics, Inc.; Jonathan Miller, White River Technologies; Gregory Schultz, White River Technologies Bob Selfridge, U.S. army corps of Engineers Advances in autonomous platforms are revolutionizing the way we collect Bob Selfridge will discuss the challenges and results of doing geophysics in geophysical data. By using autonomous platforms, we are able to collect Afghanistan. enormous amounts of data in a fraction of the time, process said data quickly using easily accessible computing technologies, and interpret the results on the fly. Prouty and Tchernychev [1] demonstrated real-time localization of magnetic anomalies with a static 3-dimensional array of prototype miniature scalar magnetometers. Small, light-weight, low-power magnetometers are now commercially available and enable mobile deployment of such arrays using autonomous platforms. This allows for enormous flexibility in system configurations, providing optimal anomaly detection and localization performance for a given target class. Here, we investigate the system performance of few such configurations in localizing magnetic anomalies of different strengths. The anomalies are placed at a few closest-point-of-approach (CPA) distances and with varying orientations relative to the ambient magnetic field. Specifically, we implement gradient-based inversion techniques that synthesize along-tract gradient from platform motion and calculate vertical gradient using upward continuation. We examine the effects of variable platform velocity on localization performance. Finally, we briefly touch upon the feasibility of using on-board Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to predict and correct for the sensor array velocity in the localization algorithm. The real-time localization information can potentially significantly reduce mobilization costs and improve efficiencies in a number of geophysical applications including Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) remediation efforts and pipe-tracking surveys. [1] Real-time threat detection using magnetometer arrays, M.D. Prouty and M. Tchernychev, SPIE Defense + Security, 2016. 162 Vol 23, 1 2018
NON-ACOUSTIC (EM AND OTHER) METHODS FOR MARINE EXPLOSIVES OF CONCERN (MEC) DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATIONPresentation No. 81 large German ground mines that are made of aluminium and are undetectable WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: LIN-PING SONG by the magnetometers typically employed for marine surveys. In 2016 and earlyEMAIL: [email protected] 2017 the SubTEM® system was used to survey over 500 Ha at Portsmouth Harbor and 20 Ha in Dover Harbor in the United Kingdom. These harbors haveINVESTIGATING TRANSIENT been used for centuries and, particularly for Portsmouth, contain large amountsELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSE IN THE of buried subsurface metal including cables, unexploded bombs, torpedos andUNDERWATER ENVIRONMENT sea-mines. Recovery of metal items in the marine environment is extremely expensive, hence it is important to minimise the number of non-hazardousLin-Ping Song, UBC; Stephen Billings; Leonard Pasion, Black Tusk items that are excavated. The SubTEM® was designed with subsurfaceGeophysics; Laurens Beran, Black Tusk Geophysics; Douglas characterization in mind so that digging operations could focus on the removalOldenburg of dredging hazards including large pieces of metal, cables, unexploded bombs and sea-mines. Using advanced classification, less than 5% of the more thanUnderwater (UW) munitions have been a concern for human recreational 22,000 pieces of metal detected required excavation, and several live UXOand industrial activities. To remediate munitions contaminated UW sites, one were recovered.promising technique path is to follow electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensingthat has shown the tremendous success in detecting and identifying terrestrial Presentation No. 138unexploded ordnance (UXO). Yet, the presence of seawater could make an PRESENTER/CONTACT: JONATHAN MILLERUW EMI survey difficult. In the conductive medium (~ 4 S/m), EMI signals EMAIL: [email protected] acquisition are subject to amplitude/phase distortions and operationalrestrictions. It is necessary to quantify and analyze these impairing effects in UNDERWATER DYNAMIC CLASSIFICATIONorder to design an effective UW EMI sensing. This work aims to characterize TECHNOLOGYEMI responses in the underwater setting through numerical and experimentalstudy and better understand the impact of underwater environments on EMI Jonathan Miller, White River Technologiesmarine systems deployed to detect and classify buried munitions. To accountfor the effects of conductive medium and interfaces on EMI sensing, we While munitions classification methods have demonstrated tremendous successsimulate an underwater environment as a three-layered medium and model in reducing false alarm rates and unnecessary excavations following terrestrialmetallic targets buried in the sediment. We investigated factors that influence electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys, these performance gains have yetthe background and scattered responses, including sea depth, the size and to be fully realized in underwater environments. Several factors contributeoffset of a loop, standoff distance, host conductivity, field dispersion, excitation to this capability gap including the need to adapt land-based classificationwaveforms, and insulation of transmitter. The major findings show that the models to the underwater environment; however, it can be argued that thephysical propagation in the conductive seawater could affect the scattered field greatest obstacle to achieving underwater classification success at this timefrom a buried metallic object, but typically only at very early times and at large is the complexity and cost associated with deployment of classification-levelreceiver to object offsets. The current channeling response decay fast and is EMI sensors in this environment. During underwater surveys, non-GPSnegligible. Within an interested time range, the terrestrial and marine responses positioning constraints are compounded by the challenges associated withof a metallic target are virtually identical. In principle, we can apply the terrestrial the actual sensor deployment, which may require divers, Remotely OperatedEMI modeling and inversion methods to marine detection and characterization Vehicles (ROVs), and/or surface vessels. Our objective is to demonstrate theafter properly removing background response from measurements. feasibility of an approach for acquiring underwater, classification-level EMI data using a surface tow vessel. We believe this method will provide high qualityPresentation No. 131 classification data within the positioning accuracy constraints typically imposedPRESENTER/CONTACT: STEPHEN BILLINGS by marine towed surveys. The basis for this technology is a dynamic, advancedEMAIL: [email protected] EMI sensor methodology demonstrated and proven for land-based dynamic classification surveys. This approach does not rely on the centimeter-levelCASE-STUDY USING A HIGH-RESOLUTION positioning accuracy that can be obtained on land and, therefore, we believeELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION SYSTEM FOR it will be effective for underwater surveys where positioning errors are muchDETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF greater than those in typical terrestrial surveys. Results from our study includeUNEXPLODED ORDNANCES, SEA-MINES AND analyses of sensor design parameters that affect classification performanceDREDGING HAZARDS and hydrodynamic stability for an underwater towed system deployment. We also present results from preliminary experiments conducted with bench-topStephen Billings, Black Tusk Geophysics Inc; Laurens Beran, Black hardware to demonstrate concept feasibility.Tusk GeophysicsBlack Tusk Geophysics (BTG), in collaboration with Gap Explosive OrdnanceDetection (GapEOD) in Australia, have developed the UltraTEM® for highresolution detection and characterisation of unexploded ordnance. In 2016,BTG and GapEOD commissioned the first UltraTEM® Marine system (calledthe SubTEM®) for Heinrich Hirdes EOD, a wholly owned subsidiary of theDutch dredging company Boskalis. The SubTEM® system built for Boskaliscomprises several transmitter loops and three component receiver cubes.The transmitters fire sequentially while the system moves over the sea-floor.The different looks provided by the transmitters, coupled with the densedistribution of three component receivers allows the SubTEM® to both detectand characterise buried metal. The system has a swath width of over 5.5 m andcan detect both ferrous and non-ferrous ordnance items to depths of over threemeters below the sea-bottom. Of particular concern in European waters areVol 23, 1 2018 163
NON-ACOUSTIC (EM AND OTHER) METHODS FOR MARINE EXPLOSIVES OF CONCERN (MEC) DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATIONWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 185 geophysical mapping step involves detecting an object and measuring its PRESENTER/CONTACT: GREGORY SCHULTZ EMI response. The mathematical step inverts the EMI data provided by the EMAIL: [email protected] geophysical step and gives an estimate of the object’s intrinsic features, such as its electromagnetic and geometric parameters. Finally, the classification DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION step uses the inverted target’s intrinsic parameters and sorts anomalies into OF MILITARY MUNITIONS USING either targets of interest or non-hazardous items. The key element to achieve ELECTROMAGNETIC ARRAYS DEPLOYED FROM high detection and classification probabilities and to minimize false negatives REMOTELY OR UNMANNED VEHICLES lies in the understanding underline physics of EMI diffusion in UW and to use these understandings to development enhanced EMI systems and models Gregory Schultz, White River Technologies; Jonathan Miller, White and signal processing algorithms. Our preliminary experimental and theoretical River Technologies; Joe Keranen, White River Technologies studies show that when objects are immersed in saline solutions both primary and secondary fields (from sensors and targets, respectively) are disported Important seafloor applications, including mine countermeasures, unexploded in the environment. In this talk numerical and experimental investigations are ordnance (UXO) surveys, salvage, and underwater hazards, require the provided to illustrate detection, geo-registration, and characterization of man-made targets on, or below, the seafloor. Investigations in littoral environments can be time- Presentation No. 196 consuming and expensive due to the challenges of accurately tracking PRESENTER/CONTACT: CARTER DUVAL underwater assets, the difficulty of quick or effective site reconnaissance EMAIL: [email protected] activities, high levels of clutter in nearshore areas, and lack of situational awareness and real-time feedback to operators. Consequently, a high IN-FIELD APPLICATIONS OF AN AUTONOMOUS payoff exists for effective methods using robotic mobile platforms, sensor UNDERWATER VEHICLE MAGNETOMETER FOR and data fusion, and effective payload integration and deployment of UXO MUNITIONS AND EXPLOSIVES OF CONCERN sensor arrays for near-shore surveying. We present technology development DETECTION and demonstration results from multiple field experimental data collection campaigns over the last 3 years. These technology demonstrations have been Carter DuVal, University of Delaware; Arthur Trembanis, University focused on advancing seafloor target detection, tracking, and classification for of Delaware specific military munition remediation missions. We demonstrate the challenges overcome in integrating and testing controlled-source electromagnetic sensors The proliferation of commercial fishing, recreational activities, and offshore on a variety of remotely and autonomously operated sensing platforms (ROVs, energy development on the continental shelf has led to increased contact with AUVs and bottom crawling systems). In particular, we present aspects of the legacy munitions and explosives of concern (MEC), thereby requiring more design, development, and testing of array configurations of multi-dimensional effective methods for MEC detection. The application of traditional acoustic time-domain electromagnetic (EM) sensor arrays. Results from nearshore technology, while effective in largely homogenous substrates, becomes (surf zone and marsh in North Carolina) and littoral experiments (reef areas problematic for detecting MEC with increasingly cluttered environments and in of Florida Keys) are presented. The primary demonstration system is based cases where MEC burial has occurred. Alternative remote sensing technology, on a tow sensor sled pulled from a robotic bottom crawler tailored for onshore/ such as optics and electromagnetics, are less susceptible to detection issues offshore use and ruggedized for operations in challenging surf zone conditions. associated with burial or heterogeneous settings, but are often range limited. Metrics such as system mobility, autonomy, detection localization, and target To overcome this issue, the University of Delaware has utilized an autonomous discrimination against clutter and environmental noise are analyzed. underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with a magnetometer, allowing for near- seabed surveying for surficial and buried MEC. A Geometrics 880 caesium Presentation No. 186 vapor magnetometer was fitted to the front of a Teledyne Gavia AUV, and PRESENTER/CONTACT: FRIDON SHUBITIDZE protocols for calibration, diurnal variation compensation, and vehicle noise EMAIL: [email protected] removal were established, with a system noise threshold determined at < 5nT. The AUV magnetometer was initially field tested in Tampa Bay for an ESTCP MODELING TARGETS EMI RESPONSES IN AN study, where munitions as small as 60mm mortars were detectable at altitudes UNDERWATER ENVIRONMENT of 2m after vehicle noise removal. As part of a Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) study, surveys simulating buried munitions determined Fridon Shubitidze, Dartmouth College objects as small as 155mm artillery shells could be detected at burial depths of 2m or less with the AUV magnetometer. Further, the magnetometer aided By estimation, there are approximately ten million acres of underwater MEC detection in side-scan sonar by identifying anthropogenic targets from (UW) areas potentially contaminated with unexploded ordnance (UXO). other surficial objects that could not be clearly identified. In an ongoing Detection and remediation of underwater UXO targets are more expensive SERDP study, the AUV magnetometer performance is being compared to than excavating the same targets on land. Over last twenty years advanced the positioning of an acoustic tracking system monitoring the position of electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors, which utilize multi-angle illumination acoustically tagged surrogate munitions in the Delaware Bay. Challenges of targets with 3- axis vector sensing (e.g., MetalMapper), and multi-static remain concerning classification of MEC targets and considerations are given array sensors produce multi-sight-angle excitation (e.g., TEMTADS, BUD), concerning future efforts to address MEC classification with magnetometry. have developed and tested. These sensors together with advanced EMI models have provided excellent classification performance for detecting and discriminating subsurface metallic targets on land. However, deploying current land-based EMI instruments for UW UXO targets detection and classification without considering whether to modify the associated EMI models, transmitter currents wave forms, and the associated inversions schemes can lead to incorrect interpretations of UW EMI data. Overall the UXO discrimination problem can be divided into three parts: 1) detection (geophysical mapping), 2) data inversion (mathematical), and 3) classification (decision). The 164 Vol 23, 1 2018
NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING FOR ENGINEERING PROBLEMSPresentation No. 94 Presentation No. 213 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: DAVID VALINTINE PRESENTER/CONTACT: JOSEPH COE EMAIL: [email protected]: [email protected] LABORATORY EFFORTS TO DEVELOP AINVESTIGATION OF THE HAWESWATER BOREHOLE NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTINGAQUEDUCT WITH AN INNOVATIVE RAPID SYSTEM TO INSPECT IN SITU FOUNDATIONSCANNING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR ELEMENTSSYSTEM Joseph Coe, Temple University; Alireza KordjaziDavid Valintine, Fugro USA Land, Inc.; Mark King, FugroGeoServices, Ltd; Simon Brightwell, Fugro GeoServices, Ltd A non-destructive testing system was developed to evaluate foundations embedded in the subsurface. The system functions by generating elasticThe Haweswater Aqueduct in the United Kingdom was commissioned in 1955 stress waves as it is lowered in a borehole alongside the foundation.and at 109 km in length and 2.6 m in diameter, is a major feat of engineering. Reflections from the foundation element are recorded and plotted to developThe aqueduct supplies over 570 million liters of water per day from reservoirs in a high resolution image. The system is intended for inspection purposesthe Lake District to customers in Manchester and northwest England. The asset of in-service foundation elements, particularly deep foundations for criticalowner commissioned an investigation of over 40 km of concrete tunnel sections infrastructure. In this study, a large soil model was developed with a reduced-to determine the structure and condition of the aqueduct. The key objectives scale deep foundation element embedded within the model subsurface so thatincluded determining the concrete lining thickness; identification of voids, system performance could be evaluated. The foundation element featuresdefects or deterioration within the concrete; and mapping structural components several anomalies, which replicate issues with foundation integrity in the field.to confirm accuracy of historical construction records. Additionally, the survey The system was capable of differentiating between competent and anomalousmethodology needed to address the challenging conditions such as; the limited sections of the foundation element. A summary of hardware components,access opportunity to minimize service interruption to 2.2 million customers; the system operation, and soil model construction/geometry is presented as wellstringent hygiene requirements of working within a potable water supply system; s the results from laboratory testing.and safe work practice for working within confined spaces.This paper presents an innovative rapid scanning ground penetrating radar(GPR) system that was developed over two-year period for the investigationof the Haweswater Aqueduct. After a series of trials within mock-up tunnels ata dedicated training facility, a multi-channel ground penetrating radar (GPR)and video system mounted on bespoke electric vehicle was selected. Thisenabled the collection of continuous longitudinal profiles at various positionsaround the tunnel radius. High frequency antennas were used to investigate theconcrete lining, while lower frequencies penetrated deeper into the host rock.The main survey was completed within 8 days by multiple teams working 24hours per day. In total, more than 800 profile kilometers of GPR were collected.Processing and interpretation of data ran in parallel with data collection andsupported further detailed investigations and targeted core sampling within afew days of the survey.Vol 23, 1 2018 165
RECENT RESULTS IN MARINE ACOUSTIC METHODS FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION IWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 232 Presentation No. 221 INVITED SPEAKER PRESENTER/CONTACT: STEVEN KARGL PRESENTER/CONTACT: DANIEL STERNLICHT EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ACOUSTIC RESPONSE OF UNDERWATER OBJECTS: NUMERICAL MODELS AND AT-SEA RECENT RESULTS IN MARINE ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS METHODS FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION I Steven Kargl, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington; Kevin Williams, Applied Physics Laboratory, Daniel Sternlicht, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City University of Washington; Aubrey Espana, Applied Physics Division Laboratory, University of Washington; Timothy Marston, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington; Daniel Plotnick, A Since the advent of gunpowder warfare, expended and discarded ordnance has been making its way into our oceans, lakes and rivers. Aside from The detection and classification of discarded munitions and unexploded military engagements, munitions contamination is caused by weapons ordnance in shallow water environments remains a challenge in munition testing and training, accidents, and by dumping. In the U.S. many active remediation. The numerical modeling techniques that are used to investigate and former military installations have ordnance training sites that are the acoustic response of an object near a water-sediment interface are adjacent to inland waterways and coastal ocean areas. Over the years, described. These techniques have been validated through comparison with weapons testing, disposal and accidents have generated munitions measured data, and they provide insight into the observed scattered signals contamination in coastal and inland waters throughout the country. In collected during at-sea measurements. Historical experimental data are briefly Europe, the primary sources of underwater munitions contamination are mentioned, and an overview of the Clutter Experiment 2017 (ClutterEx17) is mines laid during the two World Wars, and the post-war dumping of millions provided. The objectives of ClutterEx17 and our current progress on data of tons of munitions in an oceanic arc spanning from Spain to Norway. With analysis will be presented. ClutterEx17 represents the final experiment in a population and economic activity growing about coastal and inland waters, series of at-sea measurements of the acoustic scattering from objects near a many nations are investing in and developing new technologies to map water-sediment interface. The primary goal for ClutterEx17 was the acquisition these areas to determine the extent and threat of underwater munitions. of synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) data for scientific targets and unexploded This paper reviews conventional underwater sensing technologies that ordnance in the presence of man-made clutter and under high clutter scenarios. have been used to date with various levels of success, describes the As in past at-sea measurements, APL-UW deployed a 42-m long rail on challenges posed by many common environments encountered, and which a sonar tower traveled. The rail-tower system simultaneously collected discusses emerging advances in underwater sensors, platforms, and low and high-frequency SAS data in the Gulf of Mexico, south of Panama automation predicted to increase the efficiency of munitions classification City, FL. [Research supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and in many areas and make it possible for the first time in some of the more Development Program (SERDP) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR)] challenging environments. Presentation No. 234 Presentation No. 238 PRESENTER/CONTACT: JEANNINE ABIVA PRESENTER/CONTACT: DANIEL COOK EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ACD SENSITIVITY TO VEHICLE TRAJECTORY APPLYING SPECTRAL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES TO ACOUSTIC COLOR Jeannine Abiva, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City MEASUREMENT Division; Tesfaye G-Michael, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City Division Alan Hunter, University of Bath; J. Daniel Park, The Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory; Daniel Cook, Automated Change Detection (ACD) is a technique that automatically Georgia Tech Research Institute; Matthew Jackson, Georgia Tech discerns any area of change when comparing two (sonar) images of the same Research Institute geographic location over different moments in time. A co-registration step ensures that the areas in both images coincide. Currently, the success of co- Recent years have witnessed increasing research into the use of wideband, registration relies on the closeness of the respective vehicle trajectories. This widebeam, low frequency sonar whose purpose is to excite and observe an paper will investigate the effectiveness of the co-registration stage (and thus object’s structural response. Considerable effort has been directed toward the ACD process) with differences in vehicle trajectories with respect to spacing studying the scattering physics, but less work has been done to optimize the between the reference and repeat pass track. A study will also be performed signal processing used for extracting information from data collected at sea on the angle of the vehicle trajectory as it differs from the reference vehicle under realistic conditions. Specifically, the interplay between signal properties, trajectory. sources of noise, and signal processing parameters is not well understood. This work draws upon the spectral estimation literature to provide a framework for understanding this trade space and for designing a suitable signal processing architecture. 166 Vol 23, 1 2018
RECENT RESULTS IN MARINE ACOUSTIC METHODS FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION I Presentation No. 233 PRESENTER/CONTACT: DANIEL BROWN EMAIL: [email protected] SEDIMENT VOLUME SEARCH SONAR Daniel Brown, Penn State University; Shawn Johnson; Cale Brownstead The Sediment Volume Search Sonar is a sensor whose goal is to improve buried unexploded ordinance (UXO) detection and classification performance through the design, build and demonstration of a sonar system that is deployed from a shallow-draft surface vessel. This sonar system produces a novel form of three-dimensional synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imagery of surficial and buried UXO across a range of environments. The sensor is particularly suited for use in water depths less than 3 meters, and it provides sufficient detection and classification performance against objects of interest in water less than 5 meters depth. The sensor’s hardware design was based in part upon data created in a modeling and simulation collaboration with the Applied Physics Laboratory at the University of Washington. This collaboration produced synthetic sensor data where the sensor/environment/target space could be modified to explore the expected operating conditions. The simulated data were also used to adapt a set of existing signal processing algorithms for formation of three-dimensional acoustic imagery. Recently, the sediment volume search sonar has been integrated to a shallow-water surface craft, and experiments have been conducted at a trial site in the Foster Joseph Sayers Reservoir near Howard, PA. This test site has been prepared with several buried man-made objects. Results will be presented showing the use of the sensor for detecting and localizing these objects. Vol 23, 1 2018 167
RECENT RESULTS IN MARINE ACOUSTIC METHODS FOR MILITARY MUNITIONS DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION IIWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 225 has been repeatedly used at RAAF Base Williamtown since 2014 to PRESENTER/CONTACT: ERIN FISCHELL provide clearance for civil construction works with large amounts of UXO EMAIL: [email protected] being identified. Throughout the construction works no UXO have been encountered in areas cleared by the UltraTEM-III technology. SEABED TARGET CHARACTERIZATION USING BISTATIC AND MULTISTATIC SCATTERING The UltraTEM-III technology is highly adaptive and has been shown to reliably identify UXO in challenging conditions providing safe work environments. Erin Fischell, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Presentation No. 243 Characterization of seabed targets using networks of unmanned marine vehicles PRESENTER/CONTACT: LANE OWSLEY (UMVs) is of great interest for the mission of identifying unexploded ordinance. EMAIL: [email protected] The imaging sensors generally used for target localization and classification are expensive for outfitting multiple unmanned vehicles and produce data that is ELASTIC TARGET MODELING FOR difficult to use for real-time onboard classification. An alternative approach to this PHYSICS-BASED AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION problem uses features of the bistatic (fixed-source, mobile-receiver) or multistatic (mobile-source, mobile-receiver) scattering pattern to characterize target features. Lane Owsley, APL-UW; Aubrey Espana, Applied Physics Laboratory, In this approach, an acoustic source to insonifies targets while vehicles with University of Washington inexpensive hydrophone nose arrays are used to sample the resulting scattered fields. The receiver vehicles sense target scattering amplitude at different positions Sonar interrogation of elastic targets such as UXOs provides rich information for relative to the source and target, to determine information about the target’s automated classification, but much of the basic physics knowledge of acoustic- radiation pattern, and therefore the target geometry and composition. Virtual and structure interaction has not found its way into current classification systems real-world experiments have explored the feasibility of using these bistatic and which rely on generic feature sets and classification algorithms. Returns from a multistatic amplitude features in machine-learning-based classification using simple particular target class can vary widely depending on the orientation and burial (spherical and cylindrical) targets, including the impact of bottom composition state of the target, as well as the sediment type and sonar incidence angle. As and self-burial on scattering from these targets. Additional autonomy experiments a result, system training and development relies on collecting large data sets have looked at practical multi-vehicle formations for collecting acoustic data. from a wide variety of conditions. With such an approach, there is no guarantee A navigation scheme has also been developed to improve receiver vehicle that the initial data representation is ideal for the target/non-target separation localization while submerged using the source signal, necessary for the types of or that the system will be robust in new environments. Even if a sufficiently low-cost autonomous underwater vehicles targeted by this work. representative dataset could be collected, the decision boundary across all the above variables may exceed the complexity of the chosen classification Presentation No. 226 algorithm to learn. We have been developing a finite element (FE) modeling PRESENTER/CONTACT: WILLIAM ROWLANDS approach with a goal of isolating classes of physical mechanisms contributing EMAIL: [email protected] to the complex sonar return, and relating these classes to the structure of the target. We begin by analyzing the model of the internal structure during acoustic ADVANCED ULTRATEM-III UXO DETECTION interrogation, and use the results to apply constraints to the physics model to AND CLASSIFICATION IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC isolate the portion of the return due to particular classes. In isolation, we can REGION then study the effects of burial and source/target position on the manifestation of each class of observable features. William Rowlands, Gap EOD Unexploded ordnance contamination in the South Pacific region affects the development of large amounts of contaminated land. Buried ordnance presents a risk to personal who carry out ground excavation operations in these areas. For works to be carried out safely these ordnances must be identified and removed. This can often be a costly process with areas needing to be surveyed multiple times to achieve the required depth of investigation. Electromagnetic induction geophysical methods are well suited for finding buried metal, but challenges include object discrimination, depth of investigation and survey speed. To overcome these challenges, we developed the new UltraTEM-III system which consists of a powerful transmitter, an array of three-component EM receivers, accurate positioning and custom software. This paper presents two case studies where this technology has been used to provide areas cleared of UXO for subsurface works to take place in Papua New Guinea and Australia. The Wafi-Golpu Joint Venture is a mineral exploration project located in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. This province was a major staging area during the Second World War. UltraTEM-III technology was used to identify areas clear of UXO for a geotechnical study along a 100 km proposed pipeline route that traverses jungle, swamp and suburbia. After UltraTEM-III survey no UXO were encountered during excavation works. Australia’s RAAF Base Williamtown has a long operational history from the first and second World War’s up to the present day. UltraTEM-III technology 168 Vol 23, 1 2018
SEISMIC METHODS IPresentation No. 16 shear wave seismic reflection profiles and at continuously cored boreholes WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: SAMUEL BIGNARDI with shear wave velocity profiles. Velocities range from 80 – 2000 m/s.EMAIL: [email protected] Our results indicate that resonator topography can have a significant impact on peak shape and amplitude. In relatively simple 2-layer cases,FREE AND IMPROVED COMPUTER CODES FOR peak frequencies decrease and broaden over dipping resonators and evenHVSR PROCESSING AND INVERSION disappear over very steep resonator slopes, indicating that two- and three- dimensional subsurface resonator topography is highly influential on peakSimone Fiussello, GeostudioFG; Samuel Bignardi, Georgia Institute shape. Additionally, we present examples where sharp increases in shearof Technology; Anthony Yezzi, Georgia Institute of Technology wave velocity within the sediment column form strong resonating horizons, producing a high amplitude peak which does not correlate with the bedrockThe investigation of seismic ambient noise (microtremor) in spectral ratio form, surface. Our results suggest that resonator topography and velocityknown as HVSR, is extremely popular nowadays both to investigate large structure need to be well understood by a practitioner before interpretingareas in a reduced amount of time, and to leverage a wider choice of low cost geological conditions from HVSR data.equipment. In general, measurements at multiple locations are collected togenerate multiple HVSR curves which can individually be inverted to retrieve Presentation No. 75local subsurface elastic properties. Recently, however, there has been an PRESENTER/CONTACT: ANDREY KONKOVincreasing interest on spatially correlating informative content from different EMAIL: [email protected]. In this perspective, and in the broader context of a hydro-geologicalsurvey conducted at the Serravalle Sesia sedimentary basin (Italy), we THE USE OF QUASIORTHOGONAL SWEEPScollected and investigated 19 microtremor measurements with the objective of FOR SIMULTANEOUS SOURCING IN VIBROSEISmapping the bedrock depth. In general, this requires manually extracting the SURVEYmain resonant frequency from individual curves and then building the desiredmap through a combined use of several software applications often resulting Vladimir Ignatev, Geodevice LLC; Andrey Konkov, Geodevicein a very time-consuming workflow, especially for large surveys. Therefore, LLC; Alexander Oshkin, Moscow State University; Andreywe developed and tested a new computer program, OpenHVSR – Processing Shuvalov, Saint Petersburg State University; Aleksei Tarasov, SaintToolkit, specifically engineered to process and display the informative content Petersburg State Universityof data in 2D and 3D, to optimize the investigation of spatially varyingproperties. The obtained HVSR curves were then inverted using OpenHVSR, In modern seismic surveys the vibroseismic method becomes more andthe counterpart code developed previously for inversion. more popular. The use of vibration sources allows to control the spectrum of the sounding signal, to suppress random (incoherent) noise, and toPresentation No. 73 ensure environmental safety in the conduct of seismic operations.PRESENTER/CONTACT: BARBARA DIETIKEREMAIL: [email protected] However, despite all the advantages of vibrators, long sweeps should be used for their operation, what is inefficient, since it becomes necessary to engageHVSR MEASUREMENTS IN COMPLEX large economic and time resources. In this connection, the idea of usage ofSEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT AND HIGHLY several simultaneously operating vibrators arise. Depending on the sweepsSTRUCTURED RESONATOR TOPOGRAPHY – used, the separation of wave fields is performed either at the stage of theCOMPARISONS WITH SEISMIC REFLECTION vibrograms correlation processing or by filtration and inversion procedures.PROFILES AND GEOPHYSICAL BOREHOLELOGS The use of uncorrelated (quasi-orthogonal) signals of a special form for subsequent data separation is a promising area of research. The capabilitiesBarbara Dietiker, Geological Survey of Canada; James Hunter, of modern vibrators make it possible to use rather complex signals, which canGeological Survey of Canada; Andre J. M. Pugin, Geological be designed in various ways. Such as the solution of the optimization problem,Survey of Canada; Heather Crow, Geological Survey of Canada; the use of pseudo-random sequences, the rearrangement of various segmentsSkyler Mallozzi, Carleton University; Kevin Brewer, Geological of the linear chirp, etc. In addition to the quasi-orthogonality property, theseSurvey of Canada; Timothy Cartwright, Geological Survey of signals are characterized high noise immunity.Canada After the data on correlograms are separated, the cross-correlationOver the last two decades, horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) noises remain, the level of which increases as the number of sourcesmeasurements from microtremor recordings have gained popularity for used increases. These noises are inevitable when working with severalseismic microzonation and assessment of earthquake site characteristics sources and lie in the frequency band of the useful signal. In this regard,such as fundamental frequency (or period). More recently, procedures algorithms to deal with random noise that are based on the signal spectrumhave been described where empirical relationships are developed between may not be effective. The use of nonlinear filtering methods, such asthe fundamental frequency and sediment thickness at sites where shear median filtering, can solve this problem. In this study, we demonstratewave velocities are well understood and a simple 2-layer-model is a some methods of constructing signals, their application on the examplegood approximation of the subsurface structure. However, in complex of synthetic data and the removal of the cross-correlation noise on theglacial stratigraphy, sediment types often change drastically from very soft seismogram with use of median filtering.glaciomarine clay to over consolidated till. We observe that these changeslead to strong impedance contrasts and hence, resonating horizons wellabove bedrock can be resolved. Without a-priori knowledge, sedimentthickness could be significantly under-estimated.We examine the frequency spectra of microtremor recordings in bothsimple and complex sedimentary settings at locations along high-resolutionVol 23, 1 2018 169
SEISMIC METHODS IWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 119 Presentation No. 169 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ROD EDDIES PRESENTER/CONTACT: JACOB SHEEHAN EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] MULTICOMPONENT NEAR-SURFACE SEISMIC LOST IN TRANSLATION: COMMUNICATION INVESTIGATION FOR INFRASTRUCTURE MISHAPS IN GEOPHYSICS DEVELOPMENT Jacob Sheehan, Olson Engineering Rod Eddies, Fugro; Serge Gravelat, Fugro; Thomas Chauveau, Fugro; Yassine Benboudiaf, Fugro The importance of good communication with clients to ensure we fully understand their purpose, objectives and expectations cannot be overstated. High-resolution seismic investigation plays a key role in the characterisation In this presentation we discuss a few case histories where this communication of the near surface for infrastructure development including structural and broke down, then we found out that the good quality data and compelling stratigraphic mapping, detection of geohazards and the determination of results we generated were, after all, not what the client expected or needed; geotechnical properties. Traditional approaches to investigation commonly and therefore, did not meet the project objectives. We will cover where the involve separate acquisition phases for the acquisition of distinct elements communication broke down and discuss what could have been done better to of the recordable wavefield namely reflected, refracted and surface wave avoid the issue. While none of these case histories represent actual failures components. of geophysics, the do serve as cautionary tales about how even a well done geophysical investigation can come up short, in the client’s eyes, no matter how The advent and improvement of single receiver 3C broadband micro-electro well the survey was conducted. mechanical systems (MEMS) in the exploration sector has led, with some minor adaptations, to increasingly common deployment in the near surface to help solve engineering problems. Capture of the complete wavefield (3C, broadband) has a number of benefits relating to field effort, cost and the quality of the geophysical deliverables: Georeferenced seismic reflection, refraction and surface wave data can be acquired simultaneously – cost-effectively shortening the overall programme and HSE exposure; The data are broadband meaning maximising the available temporal resolution for better reflection imaging and refraction tomography; Sv and Sh components can be recorded for shear wave imaging; The data are broadband meaning lower surface wave frequency content that improvesdepth penetration for screening of geotechnical properties; Two Rayleigh wave components are recorded simultaneously for more robust Vs estimation (better inversion constraints and joint inversion); Love wave component can be recorded in lieu of Rayleigh wave data. With reference to a number of case studies, this paper describes how a 3C broadband data acquisition approach, allowing complete wavefield capture, has being used in a number of site characterisation applications include nuclear and oil and gas infrastructure developments. In parallel with the growing need to develop genuine 3D/GIS ground models for subsurface risk management, the development of cost-effective 3D 3C in an engineering context remains an aspiration. 170 Vol 23, 1 2018
SEISMIC METHODS IIPresentation No. 166 Presentation No. 175 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: MOHAMMAD MOHAMMADI PRESENTER/CONTACT: WENYUAN ZHANGEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] RESPONSE OF THE GROUNDSURFACE CAUSED BY WIND CHARACTERIZING VELOCITY ANOMALIES THROUGH FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION OFMohammad Mohammadi, National Center for Physical Acoustics; CROSSWELL SEISMIC DATACraig Hickey, National Center for Physical Acoustics; RichardRaspet, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Vahid Naderyan, Wenyuan Zhang, University of Houston; Robert Stewart, UniversityNational Center for Physical Acoustics of HoustonWind-induced ground motion is one of the main sources of noise in seismic Seismic imaging of injected CO2 (or any anomalous volume) in the cross wellsurveys, which can cause difficulties in the data interpretation. However, it might geometry can be challenging especially when the target reservoir is encasedbe exploited as a seismic source for investigating near surface soil properties. by layers with higher velocities. Travel-time tomography, for example, may notIn a previous study, the ground displacement spectra were predicted based on able to resolve the velocity anomaly caused by fluids or fractures in such aa quasi-static linear elastic ground model. The model predicted a significant layer or waveguide. But the waveforms of later arrivals can contain adequatedifference between vertical and horizontal displacements due to a vertical information to characterize the anomalies. Hence, full waveform inversionpressure whereas; the field measurements indicated similar magnitudes of (FWI) shows promise for reservoir characterization and monitoring. Layeredhorizontal and vertical displacement. waveguide models, with velocity contrasts of up to 30% and elliptical velocity anomalies inside the waveguide, are used to test the capability of time-lapseIn an attempt to better understand the ground displacement due to interactions FWI. Frequency-domain FWI for synthetic data from transmissions in a crosswith the wind, we present an expanded prediction model based on elastodynamic well survey with a single receiver array shows that frequencies even up to 300theory for the surface displacements of an elastic half-space due to a harmonic Hz don’t fully resolve velocity anomalies and create a shadow of the anomalyvertical surface load as a function of frequency and apply it in the original wind- on the source side. Adding another receiver array on the source side allowsground prediction model. In addition, we use COMSOL-Multiphysics® in order FWI to take advantage of backscattered waves. FWI from this dual receiverto confirm theoretical predictions for the dynamic response of the ground due to array acquisition better resolves the background velocity structure and thethe surface load. The simulation results and theoretical predictions are closely shape of anomalies within the waveguide. The differences between before-matched with each other. and-after FWI for the synthetic time-lapse data clearly delineate anomalies. The error of the inverted velocity up to 300 Hz is small (less than 1%). TheThe new prediction model developed based on the elastodynamic theory is error is most pronounced at sharp velocity contrasts created by layer interfacescompared with the previous quasi-static model and experimental data. Both the and the elliptical anomaly. We have also acquired a number of ultrasonicstatic and dynamic models of the ground predict similar vertical displacements lab measurements on a physical waveguide model in a cross well geometry.of the ground. Although the dynamic model predicts a slightly larger horizontal The data are quite coherent with numerical modeling and can be used fordisplacement than the static model, it is still much smaller than the measured FWI. Using FWI in the cross well geometry with receivers in both wells maydisplacements. substantially enhance imaging for reservoir characterization and monitoring.[This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement 58-6060-6-009]Presentation No. 171PRESENTER/CONTACT: PHIL BORDINGEMAIL: [email protected] KIRCHHOFF DEPTH MIGRATIONPhil Bording, Alabama A&M UniversityKirchhoff depth mIgration of seismic data is dependent on accurate velocitymodels and methods of computing travel times. Here I discuss travel timecomputation methods which are very compute intensive; including ray tracing,Eikonal level set solvers, and wave front schemes. Travel time fields forsource-receiver locations are used in the Kirchhoff algorithms to place therecorded seismic trace into a summation cube. The constructive sum resultsin a coherent image. Each of the methods for computing rays, level sets, andwave fronts can be adapted to operate in fast dedicated compute algorithms.These algorithms will be examined for efficiency, accuracy, quality of results.The resulting Kirchhoff migration alogrithms will be applied to model datasets to validate the migration quality and computational effort. These uniquealogrithms will be compared to the Seismic Unix processing methods for bothquality and runtime using 2D data. These imaging methods discussed areall applicable to large 3D seismic marine and land data processing projects,near surface land projects, and data collected using borehole seismic source-receiver configurations. Seismic depth imaging is a powerful data processingresource which will be illustrated using 2D/3D data examples.Vol 23, 1 2018 171
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS SEISMIC METHODS II Presentation No. 203 PRESENTER/CONTACT: FREDY A. DIAZ-DURAN EMAIL: [email protected] EFFECT OF INPUT-SOURCE FREQUENCY CONTENT ON RESULTS FROM SEISMIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE VS PROFILE DEFINITION Fredy A. Diaz-Duran, University of Waterloo; Giovanni Cascante, University of Waterloo; Mahesh Pandey, University of Waterloo The definition of the soil’s shear wave velocity (Vs) profile is a common practice for site classification in foundation and construction codes. In order to obtain the Vs profile there are two exploration approaches: direct (e.g. Seismic Cone Penetration Test ‘SCPT’) and indirect (e.g. multi-channel analysis of surface waves ‘MASW’). Both direct and indirect techniques require the use of an energy source to generate the waves necessary to characterize the Vs profile; for near surface (depth less than 30m) usually an impact force is used as input source. The Vs is equal to the wave length times the wave frequency. On one side, wave length implies a limitation in the vertical resolution for seismic techniques; the longer the wave length, the rougher the vertical resolution (thin layers cannot be detected). On the other side, frequency content for the input source is not very well studied and its effect on vertical resolution for the Vs profile is not very well understood. As the Vs depends only on the soils variability, there is no way to modify it in the tests; so, what is modifiable during the test is the frequency content in the input source and as a collateral effect the wave length. In this paper the effect of input-source frequency in the definition of Vs profile is studied by using numerical models to simulate the MASW and SCPT tests. The numerical models included homogeneous deterministic and spatially variable (the latter using random fields for shear stiffness). In order to calibrate the models SCPT field tests were carried out. Once the field results were replicated by the numerical models, the frequency for the input source was modified and new Vs profiles were obtained. The analysis of differences in Vs profile among different models allows to draw important conclusions about the input-source frequency effects on Vs. 172 Vol 23, 1 2018
SEISMIC METHODS IIIPresentation No. 168 Presentation No. 206 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: MOHAMMAD MOHAMMADI PRESENTER/CONTACT: DAVID SCHIECKEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] OF GROUND INHOMOGENEITY ON QUATERNARY BURIED VALLEYWIND-INDUCED GROUND VIBRATIONS CHARACTERIZATION ON THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES USING A SHEAR LAND-STREAMERMohammad Mohammadi, National Center for Physical Acoustics;Craig Hickey, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Richard David Schieck, Echo EnvironmentalRaspet, National Center for Physical Acoustics; Vahid Naderyan,National Center for Physical Acoustics Recent near surface seismic reflection developments using a land-streamer have been commercialized in the Western Canadian Prairies making use ofThe mechanical behavior of the near surface of the ground (vadose zone, Oil and Gas exploration seismic equipment. A 72 channel 3C land-streamercritical zone) is required for many geotechnical applications such as roadway in conjunction with an IVI Envirovibe modified with a transverse shear-packconstruction, trafficability, foundation design, and agricultural production. The has been constructed and tested over a known 70m Quaternary buried valleymechanical behavior may also be indirectly related to transport across this system SE of Calgary, Alberta. Shear-shear reflection, P-wave reflection andcritical interface such as; water infiltration and gas flux which are important to multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) data are acquired concurrentlyhydrological and climate studies. using this cost-effective system. Processed data depicts a vastly different lithology than prior geology based on sparse water wells drilled and analyzed inMechanical sources for investigating near surface of the ground included high the 1980’s. Real-time GPS to sub-meter accuracy, 24-bit distributed recording,frequency electromechanical sources and loudspeakers. We attempt to exploit advanced vibrator electronics and feedback using 3C analogue geophonesthe pressure fluctuations produced by wind as a source for investigating near with expandable remote acquisition digital recording by a single observersurface soil properties. while operating the Vibroseis machine is a novel approach for engineering applications. This equipment and methodology demonstrates a cost-In a previous study, the ground was modeled as an elastic homogenous half effective approach to soil investigations for near surface shear velocities, soilspace and a prediction model was developed for the wind-induced ground characterization, and lithologic interpretation of quaternary valleys within themotion. However, ground is a layered or inhomogeneous medium and will Canadian Prairies to in-fill know drill locations.have a different response due to the surface pressure. In this presentation,we discuss different kinds of theoretical inhomogeneous grounds and their available analytical responses due to a surface load. Furthermore, we useComsol-Multiphysics®, a commercial finite element package, to simulate amore realistic ground consisting of a layer over a half-space. A new responsefunction is derived by interpolating the Comsol output to substitute in the wind-ground coupling equations. A comparison between the homogeneous andnon-homogeneous ground predictions are used to evaluate the importance oflayering on wind-induced ground vibrations.[This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement 58-6060-6-009]Presentation No. 205 173PRESENTER/CONTACT: JAMES HARRISEMAIL: [email protected] OF SHEAR-WAVEREFLECTIONS FROM A SHALLOW LIMESTONEUNIT IN WEST-CENTRAL MISSISSIPPICooper Cearley, Millsaps College; James Harris, Millsaps College;Andrez Aguilar, Millsaps College ; Michael Rohrer, Millsaps CollegeA shear-wave (S-wave) seismic reflection data set was acquired in the BigBlack River (BBR) valley of west-central Mississippi. This work was focusedon evaluating the use of shallow seismic reflection methods, emphasizingthe high-resolution potential of S-wave propagation in the unconsolidated,water-saturated sediments of the BBR valley. Preliminary tests, including acomparison of 12-channel and 24-channel land streamer field configurationsand sledgehammer/I-beam energy sources, identified a strong, shallow (<20 m deep) reflection in the near surface. Correlation with a local well logindicates that the reflection is likely from the Glendon Limestone member of theVicksburg Group (Oligocene). The high-amplitude reflection has a low stackingvelocity (~200 m/s), representative of the overlying BBR alluvial sequence.The large acoustic impedance contrast between the unconsolidated sedimentsand the Glendon Limestone produces a strong multiple reflection, clearly visibleon both the shot gathers and the stacked section. Further work in the area willinclude additional seismic reflection profiling and shallow coring. Vol 23, 1 2018
SIP - RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS REGARDING UNDERSTANDINGWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 95 Presentation No. 217 PRESENTER/CONTACT: RUJUN CHEN PRESENTER/CONTACT: JÜRGEN SCHEIBZ EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] 3-D SIP FOR PODIFORM CHROMITE SULFURIC BLACK SHALES IN A LANDFILL – A EXPLORATION COMBINED TIME DOMAIN SPECTRAL INDUCED POLARIZATION AND GEOCHEMICAL APPROACH Rujun Chen, Central South University; Xuefeng Zhao, Champion TO MAP AND QUANTIFY AN ENVIRONMENTAL Geophysical Technology; Xiaolu Xi, ; Hongchun Yao, Champion RISK, A CASE STUDY FROM THE OSLO GRABEN Geophysical Technology; Lanfang He, Nanjing University; Ruijie (NORWAY) Shen, Champion Geophysical Technology Jürgen Scheibz, NGI It’s proved that the podiform chromite ore shows no induced polarization (IP) anomaly and low resistivity anomaly. However, metallogenic system of podiform A combined ERT-IP geophysical and geochemical survey was carried out in chromite may produce low resistivity anomaly and strong IP response. The the Oslo graben to map the (unknown) extent and amount of black shales in a area with low resistivity anomaly and strong IP response may offer clue for landfill. Black shales are organic mudrocks which were deposited in the early podiform chromite location. We carried out a 3D spectral induced polarization Proterozoic. Alum shale is a specific type of black shale that is particularly (SIP) experiment on a known podiform chromite deposit to study the space demanding due to its chemical composition and occurs in an up to 160 m relationship among podiform chromite ore, resistivity and IP anomaly. The thick layer in southern Scandinavia, among other places in the Oslo graben. It experiment area is about 320 x 320 m with a known chromite ore body at depth contains high concentrations of sulfuric minerals and uranium concentrations up between 40 - 50 m. We adopted pole-dipole array with distributed SIP system to 200 mg/kg due to its anoxic deposition conditions (Nyland & Teigland 1984). with potential line spacing as 40 m and potential electrode spacing as 20m. These deposits are a potential threat to groundwater resources when exposed 17 potential electrodes are used for each potential line and the total potential to oxygen and water, leading to a so-called acid rock drainage. Since the lines are 8. The same setting is used for current line and current electrodes. landfill is located in the biggest Norwegian groundwater basin the Norwegian However, the spacing among one current line and nearest potential lines is Environmental Agency insisted on a risk analysis to evaluate the potential threat 20 m. Therefore, the electrode grid including current electrodes and potential of this site. electrodes is 20 m x 20 m. We have 136 current injections and 128 potential measurements are obtained for each current injection. The SIP data set is In total ten ERT-IP profiles were conducted to pinpoint the subsequent drilling inverted by Zondres3d in a workstation with 192GB RAM, 12 CPU cores. campaign. For our modelling of the volume we relied on the stabled algorithm We find very interested results based on the comparison between inverted from Res2Dinv (Loke, 2016) using the L1 regularization and calculation of resistivity/IP model and known geology information. At first, we find a low integral chargeabilities. For more advanced modelling and a parameter resistivity zone just on the top of the known ore body. The width of the low study the decay data was processed in Aarhus Workbench considering L1 resistivity zone almost is the same as the width of the ore body. Secondly, we and L2 regularization and different waveforms in the range of 1-2,4 s. Due to find a high IP zone just below the bottom of the ore body. The high IP zone their abundance in the Oslo graben a better understanding is necessary to and low resistivity zone offers a very valuable clue to the location of podiform quantify the polarization properties with non-invasive methods and decrease chromites. interpretation uncertainties while optimizing the best Signal to Noise ratio under the constraints of a commercial survey. The results of the drillings and Presentation No. 161 geochemical analyses verified the geophysical anomalies and it was possible to PRESENTER/CONTACT: NORBERT KLITZSCH delineate the volume of black shales in the ground. EMAIL: [email protected] MICROSCALE SIMULATION OF THE IP RESPONSE Norbert Klitzsch, RWTH Aachen University; Saurabh Singh, RWTH Aachen University; Eugen Zibulski, RWTH Aachen University Understanding the SIP response of rocks is still a challenge even though many model approaches have been published. However, most of these models base on simplified assumptions regarding both the microstructure and the physics of the processes at the rock-electrolyte interface. Moreover, the simulations of porous medium behavior often treat the medium as homogeneous and link their material properties to microstructural properties by empirical equations. We intend to overcome these limitations by simulating the IP response of porous media at the microscale. Here, we introduce microscopic simulations of the time domain induced polarization response of geometrically simple porous media using MATLAB®. The developed module simulates the coupled diffusion and migration of charges in an electric field by solving the Nernst-Planck-Poisson (NPP) equations in 2D. For that, we discretise the non-dimensionalized NPP equations in space using the Finite Difference Method and in time using first order Euler Schemes. We use the module for parameter studies such as influence of particle and pore size on the IP response. 174 Vol 23, 1 2018
SOIL SCIENCE/AGRICULTUREPresentation No. 69 to moderate correlations were generated between these thermal properties WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: RILEY BALIKIAN and EC/VWC. Soil permeability (k) studies revealed that soils from high ECEMAIL: [email protected] section have low permeability (0.000126 to 0.000431 cm/sec) suggesting slow/moderately slow/moderate infiltration rate classified to be silty sand/IN-SITU CASSAVA ROOT SIZE MEASUREMENT dirty sand while electrically less conductive soils were characterized with highUSING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR permeability (0.000437-0.004109 cm/sec) indicating moderate to moderately rapid infiltration associatedRiley Balikian, Illinois State Geological Survey; Timothy Larson,Illinois State Geological Survey; Ursula Ruiz Vera, Woese Institute Presentation No. 248for Genomic Biology; Donald Ort, Woese Institute for Genomic PRESENTER/CONTACT: LARISA GOLOVKOBiology EMAIL: [email protected] penetrating radar (GPR) has been used increasingly to measure the ELECTROPHYSICS AND GEOINFORMATIONgrowth of coarse roots (>2 mm diameter) of woody trees and other plants with SYSTEMS IN SOIL-AGROCHEMICAL RESEARCHrelatively large roots or tubers. Antonina Pozdnyakova, All-Russian Research Institute ofWe used high-frequency GPR (1000 MHz) to measure the growth of the Reclaimed Lands; Lev Pozdnyakov, MGU M.V. Lomonosov; Larisastorage roots of two cassava cultivars in Flanagan/Drummer soils periodically Golovko, Landviser, LLCover the course of three months during the 2017 field season. Growthconditions included plots with elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide Electrical geophysical surveys are very wide spread in geology, hydrogeology,([CO2] = 600 ppm, test) and ambient carbon dioxide levels ([CO2] = 400 ppm, meteorology and other studies. Many methods and equipment has beencontrol). 168 plants of each cultivar were divided into 8 subplots (12 meters2) commercialized for such surveys. Unfortunately, classical soil science still lagscontaining 21 plants per subplot. Four of these subplots were test plots in adopting methods of electro-geophysics. Our team has been applied those(elevated [CO2] and four were control (ambient [CO2]). We used a consistent methods to soil studies for more than 40 years, and has invented and broughtGPR measurement grid for data collection at every cassava plot throughout the to market versatile and portable device, LandMapperTM, for use in the fieldgrowing season to ensure we were measuring at the same location with each (down to 30m) and in the lab on any semi-solid and liquid media – soil samples,GPR pass. After the baseline measurement, 1-4 plants were excavated each pastes, suspensions etc. LandMapperTM was used to measure and the resultsmonth of the season to ground truth the GPR data. were plotted in GIS software, such as Surfer and MapInfo to map and monitor various soil properties. On drained and cultivated peat soils of YachromaThe GPR data were processed using EkkoProject 5 and visualized in Valley, Moscow Region electrical resistivity (ER) depends on water content (at3-dimensions using Voxler, which allowed for volumetric estimates. The extreme dryness state), bulk density, degree of mineralization, cation exchangelocations of the roots were interpreted and annotated at each time interval. capacity (CEC) and amount of applied mineral fertilizers. Geophysical survey is recommended before soil sampling and ER maps were used as a guide forWe show qualitatively that the increase in biomass created by cassava plants selecting sampling sites, only taking soil from areas with contrasting ER. Wein an elevated-CO2 environment can be captured non-destructively using GPR. present here an advantage of electrical geophysical methods for soil studies in mapping and monitoring at multiple scales to evaluate soil anisotropy non-Presentation No. 110 destructively with any resolution.PRESENTER/CONTACT: ADEYEMI OYERINDEEMAIL: [email protected] Presentation No. 249 PRESENTER/CONTACT: LARISA GOLOVKOGEOPHYSICAL AND PERMEABILITY EMAIL: [email protected] OF SOIL SPATIAL VARIABILITYOF COCOA RESEARCH FARM IBADAN, INVESTIGATION OF MOBILE ELECTRICALSOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA CHARGES IN SOILS FORMED ABOVE SULFUR-HYDROCARBON DEPOSITSAdeyemi Oyerinde, The Polytechnic Ibadan; Abayomi OLAOJO, Ajayi CrowtherUniversity,Oyo; Micheal Oladunjoye, University of Ibadan Larisa Golovko, Landviser, LLC; Vadim Chernov, Landviser, LLCSite specific management has been the recent trend in assessing agricultural Distribution of mobile electrical charges in soils are directed by numeroussoil quality to optimizing productivity. This research stemmed from variations physical and chemical processes. Numerous research on soil anisotropy, theobserved in pods yield by cocoa trees at Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria. charge of soil matrix, and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) with electrical geophysical methods confirm that soil processes govern the electricalSoil conductivity (EC), volumetric water content (VWC), thermal properties distribution of charges.and soil permeability were assessed at the root zone (0.3 m) to delineate soil’smanagement areas within cocoa farm. Spatial evaluations were conducted during However, in most cases soil scientists study only top five meters of the soil,the wet and dry seasons. A total of twenty-seven lines were occupied consisting while geologists employ conventional geophysical methods, such as seismicof 912 and 906 EC/VWC data points during wet and dry seasons respectively and electrical tomography to investigate much deeper layers (up to 1000 m) andon a non-saline soil (˂2000 µS/cm) using Allied resistivity earth meter (EC) and usually disregard the topsoil signal, attributing it to noise in geophysical signal.VG-meter-200 soil moisture meter (VWC). KD2PRO was used in evaluating thethermal regime during wet (90 data points) and dry (89 data points) seasons; and Here we show a combined approach to study the vertical up-movement of thepermeability test conducted on ten soil samples. ECa map was generated using hydrocarbons, as CH4 and H2S gases in the topsoil. The practical approachARCGIS software classified the soil into zones of low, medium and high EC. is two-fold: to find recoverable deposits of hydrocarbons through only near-Variation in VWC is synonymous to EC distribution in soils. surface electromagnetic methods and also to design a system of bio- and phyto-reclamation of such badlands before and after hydrocarbon recovery.Strong correlation of 0.971 (wet season) and 0.806 (dry season) existedbetween EC and VWC. Regions of high EC/VWC were characterized by soilsof low thermal diffusivity, high specific heat, high thermal conductivity and weakVol 23, 1 2018 175
SPECIAL SESSION: GEOPHYSICS FOR URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT IWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 11 explosives), or be annoying to neighborhood citizens (such as the vibroseis PRESENTER/CONTACT: MATS SVENSSON sources). EMAIL: [email protected] We use a seismic array consistent of 100 three-component short period COMMUNICATION OF GEOPHYSICS IN seismometers to form a 2D array with a 5-m spacing, to be placed 20 m in front UNDERGROUND INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS of the tunnel face with the current TBM position, which is 15-30 meter deep in the subsurface. The survey results and the analysis will be presented at the Mats Svensson, Tyréns AB; Olof Friberg, Tyréns AB symposium. In infrastructure planning in Sweden there has been a clearly increased use Presentation No. 34 of geophysics during the last five years. At the same time requirements on PRESENTER/CONTACT: ZHIHAI JIANG BIM deliveries both concerning geophysical data and the following interpreted EMAIL: [email protected] models is a fact from the main clients. This implies both possibilities and challenges for all parties. Geophysics contributes to them both. PREDICTION OF WATER-BEARING BODIES IN TUNNELING WITH SURFACE- For a long time, it has been challenging to communicate the geological or TO-UNDERGROUND TRANSIENT geotechnical model for other engineering disciplines, basically because we use ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD different tools. All design (road, bridge, railway) is carried out in CAD software, whereas geophysical data and results are most often presented in more Zhihai Jiang specialized software. This has made joint interpretation or joint visualization far from straight forward. Water-inrushing hazards frequently happen in tunneling process. In order to ensure safe, economical and effective excavation, prediction of water- Since geophysics is often carried out in 2D profiles and databases and data bearing bodies is an essential work for tunnel construction. Because transient formats capable of handling most geo related data are becoming available, electromagnetic method (TEM) is sensitive to low resistivity bodies, it has geophysics is bridging the gap between different samplings and soundings, and been widely applied in detecting water-bearing bodies on the surface and in it is now possible to visualize both the facility, all geo data and the geo model in underground space for tunneling. Nevertheless, TEM solely on surface or solely the same tool and in a convenient way. And eventually a new and efficient way in underground cannot satisfy the technical requirement for high-precision of communicating the underground space has evolved. detection of water-bearing bodies for the safety of tunneling process. So we propose a surface-to-underground transient electromagnetic detection method The GeoBIM concept is developed aiming at improving the possibility to make (SUTEM) that deploys the transmitting source on the surface and receives the use of all geotechnical data, both in a project and over time in infrastructure signals in the underground tunnel. This method possesses the advantages of planning in general. In this paper, the results from full scale tests in a few large both the surface and underground TEM and overcoming their shortcomings. We underground urban infrastructure projects in Sweden will be presented. It will first describe the method for predicting water-bearing bodies in front of tunnel clearly show how the communication of the geo model both inside the project face with SUTEM in tunneling. To test the validity of this method we present the team and with clients and stakeholders has improved a lot, reaching a better simulation of the response characteristics to different anomaly models. And then fundament for decisions all through an infrastructure project. we introduce a practical engineering case on predicting water-bearing goafs in front of tunnel face in a coal mine and to verify the effectiveness of SUTEM It is all about communication. for water-bearing body prediction. Finally, we conclude the whole research by restate the major findings and argue that SUTEM will play more important roles Presentation No. 32 in the future for the warranty of safety of underground space construction. PRESENTER/CONTACT: LANBO LIU EMAIL: [email protected] DENSE SEISMIC ARRAY OBSERVATIONS FOR DETECTING SUBSURFACE TARGETS USING TBM MECHANICAL VIBRATION SOURCE Yongshun Chen, South China University of Science and Technology; Lanbo Liu, University of Connecticut; Haizhong Yu, 3Shenzhen Municipal Design & Research Institute Shenzhen Metro system is constructed in a very complex geological environment. Multiple types of geological targets present along the planned routes of Shenzhen subways. Tunnel boring machines (TBM) using different cutter and shields types are used as the major tunneling format. Forecasting of the geological conditions on the designed Metro subway routes ahead of the TBM is a great assistance for safety assurance and construction efficiency. Using dense seismic array on ground surface and taking the mechanical vibration noise as the seismic source provides a couple of advantages in comparison with other approaches. First, the possibility to spread the seismometers in a surface two-dimensional (2D) array will form a significant large aperture in lateral directions and provides full-azimuth ray coverage, in contrast to the surveys conducted in the tunnel, which essentially provide only a linear coverage. Second, using the TBM mechanical vibration as the source is economical, and replaces the surface sources that might either be prohibited from urban environmental laws or regulations (such as sources using 176 Vol 23, 1 2018
SPECIAL SESSION: GEOPHYSICS FOR URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT IPresentation No. 52 Presentation No. 121 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: HAO XIE PRESENTER/CONTACT: YUXIAO RENEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] GROUND ASSESSMENT BY REVERSE TIME IMAGING OF SEISMICRAYLEIGH WAVE DISPERSION EXTRACTED BEAMFORMING DATA IN SUBWAY TUNNELSFORM AMBIENT NOISE IN URBAN AREAS Yuxiao Ren, Shandong University; Shucai Li; Lanbo Liu, UniversityHao Xie, China University of Petroleum (Beijing); Lanbo Liu, of Connecticut; Bin Liu, Shandong University; Xinji Xu, ShandongUniversity of Connecticut University; Fengkai Zhang, Shandong University; Lei Chen, Shandong University; Zhichao Yang, Shandong University; SenlinSurface wave has been widely used as a non-destructive, economical and Yang, Shandong Universityeffective technique to assess ground conditions in urban areas. But mediumanisotropy has not been considered in these methods. With the development To ensure the safety and efficiency of subway tunnel constructions, there is anof geophysical exploration techniques, seismic anisotropy assessment of the increasing need for an effective forward-prospecting method to detect unknownnear-surface has played an important role to the site characterization of urban geological conditions ahead of tunnel face. Although seismic prediction has beenunderground facilities, such as parking lot, commercial plaza and subway considered a suitable approach for geology prospecting in tunnels, it sufferstransportation. In order to increase the prediction accuracy and the resistance limitations including: a) limited tunnel space available for seismic setup, whichof constructions to natural disasters (e.g. earthquake), medium anisotropy means small offset and insufficient observation datum; b) low SNR (Signal toshould be considered in the ground assessment. In this paper, we utilize multi- Noise Ratio) of observation datum due to severe interference from constructionmode Rayleigh waves extracted from ambient noise to estimate the bedrock site and ground human activities like traffic. Considering that reverse timedepth and anisotropy parameters of the near-surface. This approach consists migration (RTM) technique could make the best use of full waveform informationof four steps. First, convert the received ambient noise to Rayleigh waves and present high resolution imaging results, seismic wave beamforminggenerated from a virtual source, using the wave interferometry theory and the technique could realize directional propagation of wave field, thus improve theprinciple of superposition. Second, extract dispersion curves from real data SNR of observation data, a combined method is proposed for RTM imaging inusing Fourier Transform. These curves will be considered as the reference tunnels. This method is called Seismic Beamforming Reverse Time Migrationin the inversion. Third, apply the forward modeling based on the dispersion (SBRTM), which introduces seismic beamforming in RTM imaging by setting aequation of Rayleigh wave in a multi-layered vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) time delay either in seismic source array or geophone records. Different delaymedium, which is a reasonable assumption for the urban near-surface. The time means different seismic wave propagation direction and a sweep mode ofmulti-mode dispersion curves can be picked by solving the dispersion equation. data acquisition is proposed by increasing the angle between the main waveFinally, conduct the inversion to estimate the bedrock depth and anisotropy energy propagation direction and the tunnel axis. Numerical simulations achievedparameters simultaneously by comparing these two sets of dispersion curves by a 2D staggered grid finite-difference (FD) algorithm indicate that a) seismicfrom real data and the calculation. A synthetic case and a real case are given to beamforming either in source array or geophone records could present the sameshow this approach’s feasibility and efficiency. Overall, this approach is a new RTM results and beamforming of geophone records is easy to achieve in practicalattempt to obtain ground conditions including anisotropy information of the near applications; b) mirror tail of RTM image could be suppressed by superpositionsurface. It will have important significance on the incensement of prediction of the sweep mode results, that is, sweep mode data could lead to a cleaner andaccuracy and the construction safety in urban areas. better RTM result in forward-prospecting in tunnels; c) SBRTM imaging could identify the existence of lithological interface and its inclined angle, and will have a good application effect in forward-prospecting in tunnels.Vol 23, 1 2018 177
SPECIAL SESSION: GEOPHYSICS FOR URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT IIWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 33 Presentation No. 134 PRESENTER/CONTACT: LANBO LIU PRESENTER/CONTACT: KERUI FAN EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] DETECTION OF ROAD VOIDS IN URBAN AREA USING MULTI-FREQUENCY, TWO-DIMENSIONAL STUDY ON MULTI-GALVANIC SOURCE GPR ARRAY TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSE FOR AHEAD GEOLOGICAL PROSPECTING IN Lanbo Liu, University of Connecticut; Rongyi Qian, China University TBM-EXCAVATED SUBWAY TUNNELS of Geosciences Kerui Fan, Shandong University; Bin Liu, Shandong University; Unaware voids underneath operational roads pose tremendous hazards to traffic Xiu Li, College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an and cause huge economical lose every year globally and has been regarded as University; Jiahao Hu, College of Geology Engineering and one of the most significant geological hazards in urban area. Fast and accurate Geomatics, Chang’an University; Zhengyu Liu, Geotechnical and detection and remediation of road voids is one of the most challenging tasks Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, to highway authorities. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is the known and Zhipeng Qi, College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, proved best tool in geotechnical engineering with many applications. Typical Chang’an University; Shucai Li, Shandong University applications include detections of voids in coastal dikes and levees, reservoir dam defects, and voids under transportation infrastructures. We use a system To prevent water inrush and the resulting sinking or collapsing of urban surface with multiple antennas to form a multi-frequency, two-dimensional GPR array to during excavation of subway tunnels, there is an increasing need for an effective test the improvement of the capability for detecting road voids, in comparison geological forward-prospecting method that can locate the water bearing body with the results of using one pair of antennas with only one single central ahead of tunnel face. For subway tunnels excavated utilizing Tunnel boring frequency. We will report the comparison results at the symposium. machine (TBM), transient electromagnetic method (TEM) suffers limitations including: a) narrow and limited space for configuring the measuring system Presentation No. 103 of TEM; b) strong electromagnetic interference of the eddy current from metal PRESENTER/CONTACT: RONGYI QIAN components of TBM. To overcome these limitations, we present a solution EMAIL: [email protected] called Multi-galvanic source TEM for TBM tunneling, which including: a) replacing the transmitting loop with transmitting electrodes installed on the cutter RESEARCH ON 3D UNDERGROUND GEOLOGY head to realize galvanic excitation of transient electromagnetic field; b) using SURVEY TECHNOLOGY APPLIED IN WINTER measuring electrodes installed on the cutter head to measure secondary electric OLYMPICS HOST CITY PLANNING components instead of measuring magnetic components utilizing receiving loop; c) applying multi-galvanic source excitation to enhance radiation energy and Rongyi Qian, China University of Geosciences the signal to noise ratio (SNR). We present this study as a primary research to indicate the multi-galvanic source transient electromagnetic response, and for 2022 Winter Olympics will be held at Yanqing city in Beijing, China. Which will the further research on TEM forward-prospecting in TBM tunnels. Numerical be built into a new town. It has significant impact on urban planning to identify simulations achieved by a 3D finite difference time domain method (FDTD) its subsurface structure, stratigraphy, groundwater and active fault information. indicate that a) the secondary electric components suffer less TBM interference However, it is very difficult to high resolution identify such information in city than the time derivative of secondary magnetic induction; b) the special where Quaternary depositis thick and its structure is complex without rock distribution of electric field receives tiny influence from the variation of distance outcrops. This paper focus on how multi-line reflection seismic acquisition between tunnel face and TBM cutter head, c) the application of multi-galvanic technology of different geophone interval is used to overcame difficulties in source can effectively improve the amplitude of secondary electric field. setting shot point in city. The seismic profliles are used to get high-resolution structural and stratigraphic information of different depths from 30 to 1500 meters underground. 5 beam reflection seismic profiles are collected in 100 square kilometer area and depth migration technique is used to identify structural features of different directions in different development phases, which help us obtain reasonable combination of different periods construction; identify the fault displacement information of active structure in shallow depth of 30m with high-resolution and get the vertical stratigraphic information and occurrence of underground water. Finally, high-resolution 3D model of underground geologic structures of this city is generated. This study offers a new way of quickly detecting layer structure and identifying characteristics of active structure in large area with high-resolution for urban planning. 178 Vol 23, 1 2018
SPECIAL SESSION: GEOPHYSICS FOR URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT IIPresentation No. 136 Presentation No. 253 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: ZHIPENG QI PRESENTER/CONTACT: FAN JINGEMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] ELECTROMAGNETIC FICTITIOUS RESEARCH ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEENWAVE-FIELD 2D MIGRATION IMAGING AND ITS ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE TOMOGRAPHY ANDAPPLICATION IN CONSTRUCTING TUNNEL THE MULTIPLE SCALES IN SIZE AND DEPTH OF ROCK FRACTURESZhipeng Qi, College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics,Chang’an University Fan Jing; Xiao-Zhao LIAs an electromagnetic induction method, TEM (transient electromagnetic Multiple scales of cracks exist in the fault fracture zone, damage zone andmethod) is sensitive to low resistivity water bearing fractured zone, and has even intact rock mass, resulting in poor conductivity and high permeability ofmade some achievements in ahead geological prospecting of constructing the hard rock fissure seepage channels. There are likely to become potentialtunnels. However, as the geological and hydrogeological conditions groundwater migration channels in the future, so that the undergroundencountered in tunnel excavation become more and more complicated, it is engineering is facing huge challenges. To more accurately grasp thedifficult to prospect adverse geological bodies resulting water inrush in tunnel characteristics of the permeability of rock mass and fracture, it is extremelyconstruction with complex geological conditions. Thus, there is an increasing important to get hold of the phenomena of internal structure model, geneticneed for new interpretation methods that fit to such conditions. mechanism and dynamics principle in the multiple scales size and depth of rock fracture. In assurance of an accurate analysis result in the multiple scalesIn this paper, the TEM interpretation principle of synthetic aperture imaging is of rock mass fracture, mastering the principles and patterns of the solute andintroduced. By combining the TEM wave-field transformation and adopting the flow medium migration rule in pore and fracture can provide scientific basis forcorrelation superposition method for synthetic aperture process, we have improved underground construction engineering.the resolution of TEM through the synthetic aperture radar method. The 2D TEMimaging for ahead geological prospecting has been realized by introducing the In this paper, the multiple scales in size and depth of rock fracture wereKirchhoff integration. The results of imaging and interpretation for measured data investigated by using ERT in the physical model tests, forward and inversionhave shown that this method is sensitive to geological disasters in front of the tunnel software simulation and site detection. The results show that small scaleface, and compared with previous methods, the resolution has improved greatly. of crack has a good physical effect with ERT. Combined with the ERT measurement results of water conducted zone in the typical research area, rock fractures with many lines are arranged in parallel and vertical direction of fault, which are in conformity with the physical model tests. The results provide a great progress in the precise exploration of geophysical detecting on the multiple scales in size and depth of rock fractures.Vol 23, 1 2018 179
UNCERTAINTY, DATA FUSION, BIG DATA & DATA MININGWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 118 will evaluate these metrics through statistical gaming type protocol, where we PRESENTER/CONTACT: ROD EDDIES will task subjects with making spatial decisions and finding features of interest EMAIL: [email protected] in complex geoscientific scenes. We hypothesize that VR will bring the needed perception to most efficiently make spatial decisions and detect features of LAND GEOPHYSICS AND THE GROUND MODEL: interest as well as convey information such as uncertainty in a usable manner. AVOIDING SOME KEY PITFALLS We will have preliminary results of the gaming protocol by March 2018 as well as share our visual framework along that journey in the form of a GitHub Rod Eddies, Fugro; Gabriela Dan, Fugro; Alex Boleve, Fugro repository titled ParaViewGeophysics. Our goal in sharing the repository is to deliver a toolset that enables geophysicists to rapidly visualize their data It is generally acknowledged that most developmental uncertainty and risk lies and models as well as effectively communicate their findings to interested in the ground. At best, a poor understanding of ground problems can lead to stakeholders. overpriced site investigation and overly conservative and expensive design, and at worst operational failure and consequences for safety, reputation, Presentation No. 201 schedule and cost. PRESENTER/CONTACT: ERASMUS OWARE EMAIL: [email protected] The iterative evolution of a representative Ground Model throughout the development process provides a means to solve subsurface problems, ASSESSMENT OF AQUIFER UNCERTAINTY particularly for large, complex infrastructure such as nuclear power plant sites or USING MRF-BASED STOCHASTIC JOINT oil and gas processing plants. Geophysical data can help build effective ground INVERSION OF GEOPHYSICAL AND models provided that investigations are deployed at an appropriate phase of the HYDROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS development, that, subject to budget and schedule, best practice is followed and that geophysical results are reconciled and integrated with other site data in a form Erasmus Oware, University at Buffalo readily accessible by the (engineering) end user for effective decision making. Hydrogeophysical assessment of aquifer properties typically involves limited This paper proposes some means to recognise and avoid key pitfalls in building noisy measurements coupled with an incomplete understanding of the target ground models with reference to recent case studies of complex sites at an process. Obtaining a deterministic solution is, therefore, unrealistic given the early phase of development. A number of challenges need to be overcome largely uncertain inputs. Stochastic imaging (SI), in contrast, provides multiple, to build a very early-phase ground model and GIS database largely from equally likely estimations that enable probabilistic assessment of aquifer geophysical data with sparse borehole control. We examine some key potential properties in a realistic fashion. Generating geologically realistic prior features sources of error in geophysical characterisation, that is, the geophysical in SI requires higher-order statistics, which are usually borrowed from training parameter being mapped and also challenges with geo-referencing geophysical images (TIs). The borrowed statistics may, however, produce undesirable data and data interpolation from zones of control into potentially problematic outcomes if the TIs are unrepresentative of the target structures. regions of the 3D model space. We present a data-driven alternative to the TI-based SI algorithms based An iterative Ground Model/GIS database approach is helping developers to better on Markov random field (MRF) modeling. In MRF modeling, the simulation visualise and predict site problems, to optimise ongoing additional investigations of spatial features is guided by Gibbs energy (GE) minimization. Local and to refine subsurface understanding by reducing uncertainty, the result being configurations with smaller GEs have a higher likelihood of occurrence and better-informed design decisions for infrastructure development. vice versa. Here, the parameters of the Gibbs distribution for computing the GE are estimated from the joint hydrogeophysical data via a Bayesian learning Presentation No. 141 procedure, thereby enabling the generation of site-specific structures in the PRESENTER/CONTACT: BANE SULLIVAN absence of reliable TIs. The inferred parameters of the Gibbs distribution are EMAIL: [email protected] then utilized to generate site-specific structures for stochastic reconstruction of the target. The reconstruction proceeds in two-steps with the simulation of the ILLUMINATING THE VALUE OF GEOPHYSICAL lithological structure of the aquifer followed by the estimation of the hydraulic IMAGING THROUGH VISUALIZATION AND attributes within the identified lithologies. This two-step modeling approach VIRTUAL REALITY permits the delineation of physically realistic, sharp lithological boundaries. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithm with a joint inversion of time- Bane Sullivan, Colorado School of Mines; Whitney Trainor-Guitton, lapse concentration and electrical resistivity measurements, in a hypothetical Colorado School of Mines trinary hydrofacies aquifer characterization problem. The results of geophysical imaging techniques often hold high significance to stakeholders in the problems addressed yet the effective perception of those results remains a dynamic challenge for all. To illuminate the value of geophysical imaging techniques, we are developing a framework to visually integrate geophysical data and models in 3D which extends into Virtual Reality (VR) as well as statistically analyzing interpretation advantages in VR. The motivation for this effort comes from a desire to directly engage stakeholders with geophysical data gaining Value of Information (VOI) and de-risking decision making in project planning. This framework is a code base that extends the functionality of the open-source visualization platform ParaView by Kitware. These extensions make it possible to visually integrate geophysical data in a multidimensional rendering space so that the end product is interpretable to non-geoscientists and that all parties can gain insight and VOI from geophysical imaging techniques. To show value in the VR presentation of multi-dimensional visualizations, we aim to develop metrics that will analyze the effectiveness of visual analysis in VR compared to traditional methods. We 180 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IIIPresentation No. 126 body responses of power supply electrodes in different motive lengths WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: TREVOR IRONS and intervals are simulated. By considering the structure and constructionEMAIL: [email protected] characteristics of TBM tunneling comprehensively, the electrode combination of this observe configuration which satisfies the demand of abnormal bodyAKVO: AN OPEN SOURCE SURFACE NMR response and engineering is optimized. Based on the observe configuration,WORKBENCH a measuring system is devised to realize induced polarization forward prospecting in narrow observe space of TBM tunneling.Trevor Irons, University of Utah; M. Andy Kass, Dept. ofGeoscience, Aarhus University Presentation No. 135 PRESENTER/CONTACT: WENHAN LIAkvo is a software project targeting processing, modelling, and inversion of EMAIL: [email protected] nuclear magnetic resonance (sNMR) data which is being releasedas a resource for the community. Akvo is free. The code is written primarily A NEW METHOD FOR ACCURATE DETECTIONin Python 3 with a Qt derived graphical user interface. The code optionally IN THE URBAN UNDERGROUND SPACEinterfaces with Merlin, an open source sNMR modelling API written inC++. As such, there are no external dependencies on proprietary runtime Wenhan Li, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering,environments. Akvo is open source. The code is managed in a git repository Jilin University; He Li, College of Geology Engineering andwhich is configured for anonymous read and is released under the GNU Geomatics, Chang’an University; Xiu Li, College of Geologypublic license. Anyone can access, read, edit, and use the code--you Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University; Kailiangdon’t need to get permission to download the code. Akvo is flexible. Akvo Lu, College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’anprocessing and modelling supports multiple channel data and arbitrary Universitytransmitter configuration. All processing steps are configurable so that theycan be adapted to varying survey conditions. Akvo processing is reproducible Proper development of underground space can effectively alleviate theand transparent. The processing workflow is documented along with the data problem of urban congestion and ensure the sustainable development of thein self-describing human readable YAML files. This encourages reproducible city. High accuracy detection of urban underground space is an importantpublications and reports. Akvo seeks community engagement. We are prerequisite for the proper use of the underground space. However, sincelooking for new users and collaborators. This runs the gamut from code urban areas have strong interference and complex underground conditions,development, to testing and reporting of tickets for enhancements or bugs the existing geophysical survey methods can not satisfy the needs ofreports, and documentation. underground exploration in aspects of the detection accuracy and depth. Aiming at these problems, this paper presents a new technique for highPresentation No. 130 accuracy detection by transient electromagnetic method with a high-PRESENTER/CONTACT: QIAN GUO performance radiating antenna. This technique has the advantages of highEMAIL: [email protected] radiant efficiency, high radiant power and good radiant directionality while ensuring the resolution capability. In this paper, a three-dimensional vectorOBSERVE CONFIGURATION STUDY OF finite element method is applied to simulate the half homogeneous spaceINDUCED POLARIZATION FORWARD model and the complex urban underground space model. The simulationPROSPECTING IN TUNNEL BORING MACHINE results show that the transient electromagnetic antenna of high performanceTUNNELING radiation has a good radiant directionality, which can realize the high accuracy detection in a strong interference environment. By comparingQian Guo, Shandong University; Bin Liu, Shandong University; with the simulation result of the loop source, the transient electromagneticShucai Li; Lichao Nie, Shandong University; Chuanwu Wang; high-performance radiating antenna has more obvious characteristics ofHaidong Liu the electric field. This indicates that the transient electromagnetic high- performance radiating antenna has a better performance than the traditionalTunnel boring machine (TBM) tunneling is susceptible to geological loop antenna in resolution, and it can be competent for the detection of urbananomalous zone ahead of tunnel face such as fault zones, karst body, underground space.water bearing zones. There is an important significance to ascertain thegeological conditions in front of tunnel face. Induced polarization method Presentation No. 145is a geophysics technique which can be used for forward prospecting in PRESENTER/CONTACT: WISAM MUTTASHARTBM tunneling. This method has been widely applied in many engineering EMAIL: [email protected] including mineral location, groundwater exploration, drilling andblasting tunnel detection. But it has not been well-established in TBM USING WAVE VELOCITIES TO PREDICTtunneling because of the complex environment of TBM excavation. Firstly, COMPRESSION BEHAVIOR OFthe electric field is serious influenced by the enormous metallic body of NORMALLY-CONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTSTBM behind tunnel face. Secondly, there is nearly no space for prospectingdue to TBM occupying the whole tunnel space. An observe configuration Wisam Muttashar, University of Kentucky; L. Sebastian Bryson,that can overcome these complex environments is the basis of TBM University of Kentucky; Edward Woolery, University of Kentuckyinduced polarization forward prospecting. We propose a forward electricalfield focused sounding observe configuration for hard rock TBM, which is Compression behavior of sediments is crucial to geological engineeringcomposed of focused power supply on tunnel face and the mobile power applications for ascertaining the deformation characteristics of the particularsupply on side wall. Calculation model is established in the TBM tunnel geologic formation. The compression behavoir of sediments in this contextenvironment. For power supply on tunnel face, various combination forms of refers to the change in void ratio with a change in the mean effective stress.supply electrodes and shield electrodes are designed, and the focused effect Compression behavior in sediments reflect the influence of the sampleof the front electric field is calculated by finite element modeling of different depth and depositional conditions on pore structure of the sediment mass.electrode combinations. For the mobile power supply, the anomalousVol 23, 1 2018 181
POSTER SESSION IIIWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Unfortunately, obtaining the geotechnical parameters required to assess the Presentation No. 164 compression behavior of sediments can be a costly and time-consuming PRESENTER/CONTACT: SEIICHIRO KURODA undertaking. Geophysical methods such as field seismic wave surveys have EMAIL: [email protected] the potential to provide reliable estimates of these geotechnical parameters in a rapid and cost-effective manner. APPLICATION OF GPR FOR MONITORING THE SAND BOX TEST WITH A CAPILLARY BARRIER This paper aims to use compressional and shear wave velocities to predict the compression behavior of normally consolidated-sediments. The study SEIICHIRO KURODA; Kouki Takeuchi, Niigata University; Nobuyuki developed a general prediction equation that simulates the compression Ishii; Toshihiro Morii, Niigata University behavior of sediments. This developed equation is an exponential decline model that relates an increase of the shear wave velocity to an increase of the Recently capillary barriers have been known as the method to protect mean effective stress. Consequently, the decrease of void ratio is presented subsurface regions against infiltration from soil surface. It has essentially non- as a function of the shear wave velocity. uniform structure of permeability or soil physical property. To identify the function of the capillary barrier, the site-characterization technique for non-uniform soil For this research, isotropic consolidation triaxial compression tests were moisture distribution and infiltration process is needed. We build a sand box performed on laboratory-derived sediment samples created to mimic actual with thin high-permeable gravel layer and conducted a infiltration test, including sediments. The samples were prepared by mixing different percentages of non-uniform flow of soil water induced by capillary barrier effect. We monitored fines and controlling the ratio of clay to silt fractions. Shear and compressional this process using various types of GPR, including not only the reflection wave velocity tests were performed during this triaxial compression testing types but also transmission types like cross-borehole radar. We will discuss the using bender elements. applicability of GPR for sounding the structure of the sand box with a capillary barrier, and for monitoring the infiltration process in it. The results showed that while there was no clear connection between consolidation data and compressional wave velocity, there was a strong Presentation No. 182 correlation between the change in mean effective stress and shear wave PRESENTER/CONTACT: ERIC WHITE velocity. Also, the experimental constants needed for the prediction equation EMAIL: [email protected] were well correlated to various grain size parameters. APPLICATION OF CONTINUOUS SEISMIC Presentation No. 148 PROFILING AND WATER-BORNE GROUND- PRESENTER/CONTACT: ABDULLAH ALHAJ PENETRATING RADAR METHODS AT THE EMAIL: [email protected] THOMSON AND SCANLON RESERVOIRS NEAR CLOQUET, MINNESOTA DETECTING AND IMAGING HISTORICAL GRAVES BY USING GROUND PENETRATING Eric White, USGS; Perry Jones, U.S. Geological Survey; Michael RADAR AND TIME DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC Bares, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; Carole Johnson, METHOD USGS; John Lane, USGS Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and Technology; The U.S. Geological Survey and Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) James Hayes, Missouri University of Science and Technology collected approximately 43 line-kilometers of continuous seismic profiling (CSP) and water-borne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) at the Thomson and This is a comprehensive summary of the geotechnical investigation of the Scanlon reservoirs near Cloquet, Minnesota, to evaluate the thickness and historical Strickfaden Cemetery, in Cooper County, Missouri. As with most composition of sediment overlying bedrock. The reservoirs are part of the St. cemeteries, it is a culturally sensitive site and as such the ability to ground Louis River and the Minnesota Hydro-Electric Power network providing nearly truth to constrain the data was not an option. Instead two non-invasive 74 megawatts of hydroelectric power. Both reservoirs have been identified as geophysical techniques; ground penetrating radar (GPR) and time domain Areas of Concern under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) electromagnetic tool (TDEM), were used to detect and image unmarked Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. Historical industrial activities associated graves in the cemetery site. Based on the interpretation of both acquired with the manufacture of building and paper products resulted in the discharge data set, there is a relatively high correlation between both tools in locating and deposition of dioxin waste in the reservoir bed sediments. The geophysical the unmarked graves and determining the apparent depth to the top of the data were collected in support of a larger EPA effort to identify and remediate burial coffins or caskets. The study aims to provide sufficient information for sediments contaminated with dioxins in the St. Louis River watershed of the the client in charge of the cemetery to place markers (wooden crosses or Lake Superior Basin. headstones) on each identified grave along with their historical records. Radar and seismic data were collected simultaneously along the same lines The class of Geophysics (5736) at Missouri University of Science and on Thomson and Scanlon Reservoirs during August 2017, and processed Technology conducted the survey of Strickfaden Cemetery were advised and interpreted to characterize the thickness and composition of the water- that the soil in the area contained clays, which would affect the penetration bottom materials and the transition to bedrock in order to inform and refine depth of the GPR pulses. But as the modern graves were marked, we were the hydrogeologic framework. Estimates of water-bottom sediment material mainly trying to locate old unmarked graves, where the depth of the burial is thickness and composition from the CSP and GPR data are in generally good approximately 1.0ft to 3.0ft as they were dug by hand and not machinery, as agreement in shallow water areas where the depths to bedrock were known with modern graves. At the site we were informed that there were two main from physical probing and core data. Attenuation of the radar waves within locations where there was a possibility for unmarked graves to be present; the water column limited the utility of the GPR in deeper water (e.g. >4m). one in the NE corner, the other in the SW corner, with majority of the rest of In these areas, the CSP data were used to interpret sediment thickness and the cemetery’s graves being marked. composition. The results of the CSP and GPR surveys and will be used by the MPCA to assist in the development of a remediation plan for in-situ treatment of dioxin-bearing sediments in the reservoirs. 182 Vol 23, 1 2018
POSTER SESSION IIIPresentation No. 209 at the bottom of the excavation. The system functions by generating elastic WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTSPRESENTER/CONTACT: ROSHAN RAJ BHATTARAI waves and measuring their corresponding reflections from boundaries betweenEMAIL: [email protected] materials with different stiffness. By analyzing these waveforms using typical geophysical analytical techniques, the system can generate a profile of theSEISMIC RESPONSES OF THE BASIN-FILL underlying earth material stiffness to verify the extent of any anomalousSEDIMENTS AND RC-BUILDINGS IN THE features beneath the excavation. In this study, testing was performed with aKATHMANDU VALLEY (NEPAL) prototype of the system in a large laboratory model constructed with cemented sand to represent a karstic limestone with underlying weak materials. ARoshan Raj Bhattarai, University of Mississippi; Bertrand Guillier, summary of hardware components, system operation, and model construction/Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, ; Jean Louis Mugnier, geometry is presented as well as the resulting profiles developed usingUniversité Savoie Mont Blanc, ISTerre; Pascale Huyghe, Université the recorded waveforms. A discussion is also presented regarding effortsGrenoble Alpes, ISTerre; Pascal Lacroix, Université Grenoble necessary to scale up the laboratory system for future field applications.Alpes, ISTerre Presentation No. 222Severe ground shaking, for about a minute relating to 25th April, 2015 Nepal- PRESENTER/CONTACT: THOMAS BRACKMANGorkha earthquake was sufficient to cause heavy destruction in the Kathmandu EMAIL: [email protected]. However, damages in the valley and adjacent areas were much less severethan was expected by an earthquake of this magnitude and rupture directivity. USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY ANDKathmandu Valley being filled with fluvio-lacustrine sediments, the nature and INDUCED POTENTIAL TO CHARACTERIZEthickness of which varies both laterally and vertically, these variations largely HISTORIC LANDFILLS IN KENTUCKYaffects the soil fundamental frequencies. Still, the role of the valley infill andresponses of the buildings are poorly understood. This study is intended toward a Thomas Brackman, Western Kentucky University; Michael May,clear understanding between the subsurface geology and its interaction with the Western Kentucky University; Nathaniel Shields, Western Kentuckyoverlying building structure in the Kathmandu valley. Ambient noise measurements University; Ken Melton, Department for Environmental Protection;have been carried out at 39 soil sites and at the top of 28 RC-buildings along a Tim Rogers, Department for Environmental ProtectionN-S transect in the valley. Recordings were performed for 15 minutes at each siteusing a Lennartz LE-3D-5s seismometer connected to a City SharkII recorder. Locating horizontal and vertical extent of historical landfills is a top priorityH/V spectral curves analyzed in 0.20 (Lennartz limit) – 25 Hz frequency band for for the Solid Waste Branch of the Kentucky Division of Waste Management.the soil sites and in 1 – 25 Hz range for RC-buildings show no major possibilities The Geophysics Innovations Laboratory at Western Kentucky University hasof resonance effect in the valley. Few soil sites next to the river channels in the been working with the Solid Waste Branch to use Electrical Resistivity (ER)northern and southern part of the valley exhibit double resonance frequencies. A and Induced Potential (IP) to delineate the extent of multiple historic landfillscomparison has been made between experimental building fundamental frequency in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The two geophysical methods presentedand theoretical frequency obtained from Nepal Building Code (NBC105). Height of provide a synergistic effect allowing for additional information to overcome thethe building is identified as a major factor governing the fundamental period (much challenges associated with the non-unique survey results.more than the horizontal dimensions of the RC-building) and a linear relationshiphas been established between the height of the building and their fundamental IP is a relatively new technique in geophysics, and has been employed mainlyperiod. Outcome of this research is a further step towards the understanding of the in base-metal exploration and to a minor extent in groundwater searches. Inseismic behavior of valley sediments and the RC-buildings. the IP method, voltage is applied across a pair of electrodes and shut off. The system continues to measure the voltage decay of the system at several timePresentation No. 214 gates. The decay time resembles the discharge of a capacitor through a finitePRESENTER/CONTACT: JOSEPH COE resistance. Geo-bacteria found in established landfills provide a source ofEMAIL: [email protected] capacitance for detection by induced potential.DEVELOPMENT OF A DOWNHOLE The Geophysics Innovations Laboratory has developed specific techniques toNONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING SYSTEM TO use IP in landfills using a standard ER/IP multi-electrode system with stainlessEVALUATE CONDITIONS BENEATH A DRILLED steel electrodes. We address the all-important factor of contact resistance andSHAFT EXCAVATION USING SEISMIC STRESS keeping the signal to noise ratio low to provide data to combine with ER toWAVES delineate landfill extent. We have used the combination of ER and IP on four landfills of varying age and have excellent results. Results of the studies at theJoseph Coe, Temple University; Alireza Kordjazi four landfills in the Outer Bluegrass, Western Kentucky Coal Field, Purchase Area and Cincinnati Arch regions of Kentucky will be presented to show variousThe conditions underlying a drilled shaft play a large role in its capabilities site conditions that can be characterized.to generate the anticipated base resistance from geotechnical analysis.Anomalous features such voids and zones of weakness below the drilled shaftcan negatively affect base resistance. In certain geological environments suchas areas with significant karst topography or highly weathered bedrock withresidual soils, it may be very difficult to confidently ascertain the conditionsunderlying a drilled shaft. Typical techniques that are used to verify baseconditions during construction are invasive and often rely on point sources ofinformation (e.g., rock coring or probing) that may not adequately assess thelateral or vertical extent of anomalous features below the shaft excavation.To address this concern, a non-destructive testing system was developedin this study that would evaluate the base conditions beneath a drilled shaftexcavation in the field. The system consists of a source-receiver pair placedVol 23, 1 2018 183
POSTER SESSION IIIWEDNESDAY, MARCH 28TH 2018 - SAGEEP 2018 DRAFT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS Presentation No. 230 Presentation No. 245 PRESENTER/CONTACT: ABDULLAH ALHAJ PRESENTER/CONTACT: MINDY KIMBALL EMAIL: [email protected] EMAIL: [email protected] A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GROUND REVOLUTIONARY RECOVERY: GPR PENETRATION RADAR, REBARSCOPE AND INVESTIGATIONS AT THE BATTLE PROPERTY SEISMIC ANALYZER FOR BRIDGE OF BROOKLYN DECK ASSESSMENT. Mindy Kimball, US Military Academy; Benjamin Wallen, US Military Abdullah Alhaj, Missouri University of Science and Technology Academy; John Herrmann, US Military Academy; Tanner Dismukes, US Military Academy Non-destructive techniques (NDT) are widely used to determine the condition of reinforced concrete. This paper presents a comparative study of three The Battle of Brooklyn, formally known as The Battle of Long Island, occurred in non-destructive techniques; Ground Penetration Radar(GPR), Rebarscope August 1776. The main Battle took place on the Heights of Guana, located between and Property Seismic Analyzer (PSPA) for bridge deck assessments. The what is now Brooklyn and Flatbush, New York. The present-day Prospect Park is comparative combination of the three methods provide relatively correlated at the confluence of roads which served as arteries for movement of British and results, which help on assessing the concrete condition in terms of the level of American forces over 240 years ago. In the summer and fall of 2017, Cadets degradation. The accurate assessment of concrete quality is determined by the (students) from the United States Military Academy partnered with the Brooklyn variations of reflected amplitude signal and dielectric permittivity of concrete. Commissioner of New York City Parks to conduct a field survey of the area, aiming The initial results indicated the superiority of GPR above the other two methods. to identify potential mass grave sites from the Battle of Brooklyn. Cadets collected However, in areas of varying constructed defects or higher degradation, the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data, using a Sensors & Software LMX200, during Rebarscope and PSPA are supportive methods in estimating the concrete two surveys. Initial data analysis was inconclusive on any subsurface features thickness and the depth to reinforcements; which assist on decreasing the GPR resembling mass graves, however a building foundation was identified. Subsequent limitation and provide an effective data correlation. historical research correlates the foundation with the location of the Valley Grove House, where wounded Soldiers were potentially kept during the conflict. Our case Presentation No. 241 study combined exploratory GPR surveys with a detailed photogrammetry survey PRESENTER/CONTACT: CONNOR ARMSTRONG and georeferenced historical maps and current satellite imagery. The location is an EMAIL: [email protected] attractive survey site because the land in Prospect Park has not experienced modern construction or land modifications since the 18th century. This study demonstrates NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING the potential for near-surface geophysics student research in support of public OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS outreach and parks operations. Future work aims to continue recovering details of this Revolutionary War battlefield site. Connor Armstrong, University of Kansas; Chi Zhang, Dept. of Geology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, J. Jennings, Kansas Presentation No. 246 Geological Survey, Lawrence PRESENTER/CONTACT: RUJUN CHEN EMAIL: [email protected] The ability to monitor near-surface sediment and ground water for contaminants is vital. This task can be challenging, however with the use of various INFLUENCE AND UTILIZATION OF ELECTRODE geophysical techniques it can be done. In this study, we examined how well COMBINATION IN DISTRIBUTED FULL- organic contaminants can be detected using the geophysical method, SIP WAVEFORM INDUCED POLARIZATION (Spectral Induced Polarization). Column containers were packed in the lab DETECTION with 30 millilitres worth of varying ratios of deionized water, toluene (organic contaminant), pure quartz silica sand, and sodium-montmorillinite clay until Rujun Chen, Central South University; Weiqiang Liu, Institute of fully saturated. SIP tests were conducted on the sediments in order to compare Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of Chinese Academy their corresponding impedance phase and magnitude values. Though data of Geological Sciences; Pinrong Lin, Institute of Geophysical processing is still underway, we expect to calculate conductivity values from the and Geochemical Exploration of Chinese Academy of Geological impedance data in the hopes of forming a measurement of how contaminated Sciences; Qingtian Lv, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical the sediment is. This study could benefit the environment greatly when Exploration of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; Ruijie applied to the clean-up of harmful chemical spills. In addition, it may be highly Shen, Champion Geophysical Technology; Hongchun Yao, Champion useful to environmental and oil companies facing the problem of evaluating Geophysical Technology; Hongzhu Cai, Aarhus University a contaminated area of the subsurface. This method could help quantify the volume of porous media contaminated, and the degree of contamination in order Potential electrode space is an important factor in induced polarization exploration to to keep their project area clean and cost-efficient. balance the signal strength and resolution. How to choose an appropriate space is a difficult task because both the level of noise interference and the size of subsurface structure are unknown. By testing numerical model and acquired data, we found that, IP data of a small potential electrode space can achieve a high resolution, meanwhile, data of large spaces can suppress the influences of noise interference and shallow inhomogeneity. Aiming to take both resolution and anti-interference into account, we proposed an electrode combination method. Through multi-channel synchronous observation, potential data of various electrode spaces can be obtained by summing the original data of adjacent survey points. Then data of all the spaces were used to invert the underground electrical information. This method is applied to a distributed full-waveform induced polarization detection. By comparing the inversion results using IP data of one single space and that of multi-spaces, we found that, the deep anomaly can be highlighted, and the fitting error can be reduced. 184 Vol 23, 1 2018
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EEGS – CORPORATE MEMBERSHIP Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society Join online at www.EEGS.org 2018 Corporate Membership Application CONTACT INFORMATION SSalutation First Name SMiddle Initial LLast Name LCompany/Organization LTitleSAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION LStreet Address LCity LState/Province LZip Code LCountry SAGEEP 2018 FASTTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION LDirect Phone LMobile Phone LFax LEmail LWebsite ABOUT ME: INTERESTS & EXPERTISE In order to identify your areas of specific interests and expertise, please check all that apply: Willing to Geophysical Professional/ Serve on a Role Interest or Focus Expertise Scientific Societies Committee? Consultant Archaeology Borehole Geophysical AAPG Publications User of Geophysical Svcs. Engineering Logging AEG Web Site Student Environmental Electrical Methods ASCE Membership Geophysical Contractor Geotechnical Electromagnetics AWWA Student Equipment Manufacturer Geo. Infrastructure Gravity AGU Software Manufacturer Groundwater Ground Penetrating EAGE Research/Academia Hazardous Waste Radar EERI Government Agency Humanitarian Geo. Magnetics GeoInstitute Other Mining Marine Geophysics GSA Shallow Oil & Gas Remote Sensing NGWA UXO Seismic NSG Aerial Geophysics Other SEG Other SSA SPWLA 1720 South Bellaire Street | Suite 110 | Denver, CO 80222-4303 (p) 001.1.303.531.7517 | (f) 000.1.303.820.3844 | [email protected] | www.eegs.org 190 Vol 23, 1 2018
EEGS – CORPORATE MEMBERSHIP Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society Join online at www.EEGS.org 2018 Corporate Membership Application FOUNDATION CONTRIBUTIONS FOUNDERS FUND The Founders Fund has been established to support costs associated with the establishment and maintenance of the EEGS Foundation as we solicit support from larger sponsors. These will support business office expenses, nec- essary travel, and similar expenses. It is expected that the operating capital for the foundation will eventually be derived from outside sources, but the Founder’s Fund will provide an operation budget to “jump start” the work. Donations of $50.00 or more are greatly appreciated. For additional information about the EEGS Foundation (an IRS status 501(c)(3) tax exempt public charity), visit the website at http://www.EEGSFoundation.org. STUDENT SUPPORT ENDOWMENT Foundation Fund Total: $SAGEEP 2018 FASTTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION This Endowed Fund will be used to support travel and reduced membership fees so that we can attract greater in- SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION volvement from our student members. Student members are the lifeblood of our society, and our support can lead to a lifetime of involvement and leadership in the near-surface geophysics community. Donations of $50.00 or more are greatly appreciated. For additional information about the EEGS Foundation (a tax exempt public charity), visit the website at http://www.EEGSFoundation.org. CORPORATE CONTRIBUTIONS Student Support Endowment Total: $ The EEGS Foundation is designed to solicit support from individuals and corporate entities that are not currently corporate members (as listed above). We recognize that most of our corporate members are small businesses with limited resources, and that their contributions to professional societies are distributed among several organizations. The Corporate Founder’s Fund has been developed to allow our corporate members to support the establishment of the Foundation as we solicit support from new contributors. Corporate Contribution Total: $ Foundation Total: $ PAYMENT INFORMATION Subtotals Membership: $ Check/Money Order VISA MasterCard Student Sponsorship: $ AmEx Discover Foundation Contributions: $ Grand Total: $ SCard Number LExp. Date LName on Card CVV# LSignature Make your check or money order in US dollars payable to: EEGS. Checks from Canadian bank accounts must be drawn on banks with US affiliations (example: checks from Canadian Credit Suisse banks are payable through Credit Suisse New York, USA). Checks must be drawn on US banks. Payments are not tax deductible as charitable contributions although they may be deductible as a business expense. Consult your tax advisor. Return this form with payment to: EEGS, 1720 South Bellaire Street, Suite 110, Denver, CO 80222 USA Credit card payments can be faxed to EEGS at 001.1.303.820.3844 Corporate dues payments, once paid, are non-refundable. Individual dues are non-refundable except in cases of extreme hardship and will be considered on a case-by-case basis by the EEGS Board of Directors. Requests for refunds must be submitted in writing to the EEGS business office. QUESTIONS? CALL 001.1.303.531.7517 Vol 23, 1 2018 191
EEGS & SAGEEP PUBLICATIONS 2017 Publications and 1720 S. Bellaire Street, Suite 110 Merchandise Order Form Denver, CO 80222-4303 ALL ORDERS ARE PREPAY Phone: 303.531.7517; Fax: 303.820.3844 E-mail: [email protected]; Web Site: www.eegs.org Sold To: Ship To (If different from “Sold To”: Name: _____________________________________________ Name: _____________________________________________ Company: __________________________________________ Company: __________________________________________ Address: ___________________________________________ Address: ___________________________________________ City/State/Zip: _______________________________________ City/State/Zip: _______________________________________ Country: _______________________ Phone: _____________ Country: _______________________ Phone: _____________ E-mail: _________________________ Fax: _______________ E-mail: _________________________ Fax: _______________SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION Instructions: Please complete both pages of this order form and fax or mail the form to the EEGS office listed above. Payment must accompany the form or materials will not be shipped. Faxing a copy of a SAGEEP 2018 FASTTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION check does not constitute payment and the order will be held until payment is received. Purchase orders will be held until payment is received. If you have questions regarding any of the items, please contact the EEGS Office. Thank you for your order! SAGEEP PROCEEDINGS Member/Non-Member Member/Non-Member 0042 2017 (USB Thumb Drive) $75 $100 0025 2008 (CD-ROM) $75 $100 0041 2016 (USB Thumb Drive) $75 $100 0013, CD-ROMs for 2001, 2002, $75 $100 0040 0014, 2003, 2004, 2005 and each each 0036 2015 (CD-ROM) $75 $100 0015, 2006 are available upon 0034 $100 0016, request (call or email $150 $225 2014 (CD-ROM) $75 $100 0018, EEGS to check availability 2013 (CD-ROM) $75 and 0020 and place order) 0012 1988-2000 (CD-ROM 0023 2007 (CD-ROM) $75 $100 SUBTOTAL - PROCEEDINGS ORDERED SAGEEP Short Course Handbooks 0039 2013 Agricultural Geophysics: Methods Employed and Recent Applications - Barry Allred, Bruce Smith, et al. $35 $45 $45 0038 2010 Processing Seismic Refraction Tomography Data (including CD-ROM) - William Doll $35 $30 $30 0037 2011 Application of Time Domain Electromagnetics to Ground-water Studies – David V. Fitterman $20 $90 $90 0032 2010 Application of Time Domain Electromagnetics to Ground-water Studies – David V. Fitterman $20 $25 $35 0027 2010 Principles and Applications of Seismic Refraction Tomography (Printed Course Notes & CD-ROM) - William Doll $70 $15 $15 0028 2009 Principles and Applications of Seismic Refraction Tomography (CD-ROM w/ PDF format Course Notes) - William Doll $70 $15 $15 0007 2002 - UXO 101 - An Introduction to Unexploded Ordnance - (Dwain Butler, Roger Young, William Veith) $15 $15 $15 0009 2001 - Applications of Geophysics in Geotechnical and Environmental Engineering (HANDBOOK ONLY) - John Greenhouse $25 0004 1998 - Global Positioning System (GPS): Theory and Practice - John D. Bossler & Dorota A. Brzezinska $10 0003 1998 - Introduction to Environmental & Engineering Geophysics - Roelof Versteeg $10 0002 1998 - Near Surface Seismology - Don Steeples $10 0001 1998 - Nondestructive Testing (NDT) - Larry Olson $10 0005 1997 - An Introduction to Near-Surface and Environmental Geophysical Methods and Applications - Roelof Versteeg $10 0006 1996 - Introduction to Geophysical Techniques and their Applications for Engineers and Project Managers - Richard Benson & $10 Lynn Yuhr Books and Miscellaneous Items $79 $99 0031 New Pricing!! Advances in Near-surface Seismology and Ground Penetrating Radar—R. Miller, J.Bradford, K.Holliger Special Pricing Available for Limited Time—through March 23, 2017—end of SAGEEP 2017! $35 $45 $89 $139 0022 Application of Geophysical Methods to Engineering and Environmental Problems - Produced by SEGJ $20 $25 0019 Near Surface Geophysics - 2005 Dwain K. Butler, Ed.; Hardcover—Special student rate - $71.20 0035 Einstein Redux: A Humorous & Refreshing New Chapter in the Einstein Saga—D.Butler SUBTOTAL - SHORT COURSE/MISC. ORDERED ITEMS: 192 Vol 23, 1 2018
EEGS & SAGEEP PUBLICATIONS Publications Order Form (Page Two) Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (JEEG) Back Issue Order Information: Member Rate: $15 | Non-Member Rate: $25 Select the quantity for each item you wish to order: Qt. Year Issue Qt. Year Issue Qt. Year Issue 1995 To order volumes from JEEG 16/4 - December to 1995 through 1999 2006 JEEG 11/1 - March 2011 JEEG 17/1 - March 1999 Contact EEGS (call or JEEG 11/2 - June 2012 JEEG 17/2 - June email) for availability JEEG 17/3 - September 2000 and to order JEEG 11/3 - September JEEG 17/4 - December 2001 JEEG 5/3 - September JEEG 11/4 - December JEEG 18/1 - March JEEG 5/4 - December JEEG 18/2 - June 2003 JEEG 6/1 - March 2007 JEEG 12/1 - March JEEG 18/3 - September JEEG 6/3 - September JEEG 18/4 - December 2004 JEEG 6/4 - December JEEG 12/2 - June 2013 JEEG 19/1 - March JEEG 8/1- March JEEG 19/2 - June 2005 JEEG 8/2 - June JEEG 12/3 - September JEEG 19/3 - September JEEG 8/3 - September JEEG 19/4 - December JEEG 8/4 - December JEEG 12/4 - December JEEG 20/1 - March SAGEEP 2018 FastTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION JEEG 9/1- March JEEG 20/2 - JuneSAGEEP 2018 FASTTIMES PRE-CONFERENCE VERSION JEEG 9/2 - June 2008 JEEG 13/1 - March JEEG 20/3 - September JEEG 9/3 - September JEEG 20/4 - December JEEG 9/4 - December JEEG 13/2 - June 2014 JEEG 21/1 - March JEEG 10/1 - March JEEG 21/2 - June JEEG 10/2 - June JEEG 13/3 - September JEEG 21/3 - September JEEG 10/3 - September JEEG 21/4 - December JEEG 10/4 - December JEEG 13/4 - December JEEG 22/1 - March 2009 JEEG 14/1 - March JEEG 14/2 - June 2015 JEEG 14/3 - September JEEG 14/4 - December 2010 JEEG 15/1 - March JEEG 15/2 - June 2016 JEEG 15/3 - September JEEG 15/4 - December 2011 JEEG 16/1 - March JEEG 16/2 - June JEEG 16/3 - September 2017 SUBTOTAL - JEEG ISSUES ORDERED SUBTOTAL - SAGEEP PROCEEDINGS ORDERED SUBTOTAL - SHORT COURSE / BOOKS & MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS ORDERED SUBTOTAL - JEEG ISSUES ORDERED CITY & STATE SALES TAX (If order will be delivered in the Denver, Colorado - add an additional 7.65%) SHIPPING & HANDLING (US—$15; Canada/Mexico—$25; All other countries: $50) GRAND TOTAL: Order Return Policy: Returns for credit must be accompanied by invoice or invoice information (invoice number, date, and purchase price). Materials must be in saleable condition. Out-of-print titles are not accepted 180 days after order. No returns will be accepted for credit that were not purchased directly from EEGS. Return shipment costs will be borne by the shipper. Returned orders carry a 10% restocking fee to cover administrative costs unless waived by EEGS. Payment Information: Important Payment Information: Checks from Canadian bank accounts must be drawn on banks with US affiliations (example: checks from Canadian Credit Check #: _________________________________ (Payable to EEGS) Sulsse banks are payable through Credit Sulsse New York, USA). If you are unsure, please contact your bank. As an alternative to paying by check, we Purchase Order: _________________________________ recommend sending money orders or paying by credit card. (Shipment will be made upon receipt of payment.) Visa MasterCard AMEX Discover Card Number: ______________________________ CVV# _____ Cardholder Name (Print) __________________________________ Exp. Date: __ Zip Code: Signature:______________________________________________ Vol 23, 1 2018 193