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P:01

ISSN 0579-4706 PGSI. 321 ^maVgaH$ma ‡H$meZ{Z`ßÃU (700-2010) (DSK.II) amOÒWmZH$m^y{dkmZ Edß I{ZOgßgmYZ ^maVr`^yd°km{ZH$gd}jU {d{dY‡H$meZ gߪ`m30^mJ12 AßJ´oOrgßÒH$aU(2001)H$m {h›XrAZwdm{XVgßÒH$aU 160 gmbgo XoeH$sgodm_| (1851-2011) ^maVgaH$maHo$AmXoemZwgma‡H$m{eV 2011

P:02

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P:03

ISSN 0579-4706 PGSI. 321 ^maVgaH$ma ‡H$meZ{Z`ßÃU (700-2010) (DSK.II) amOÒWmZH$m^y{dkmZ Edß I{ZOgßgmYZ ^maVr`^yd°km{ZH$gd}jU {d{dY‡H$meZ gߪ`m30^mJ12 AßJ´oOrgßÒH$aU(2001)H$m {h›XrAZwdm{XVgßÒH$aU 160 gmbgo XoeH$sgodm_| (1851-2011) ^maVgaH$maHo$AmXoemZwgma‡H$m{eV 2011

P:04

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P:05

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P:06

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P:07

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P:08

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P:09

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P:10

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P:11

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P:15

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P:19

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P:20

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P:21

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P:22

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P:23

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P:24

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P:42

34 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m7Ö I{ZOm| Ho$loUr-dmaIZZ/CÀnmXZ`moΩ`{ZM`{_{c`ZQ>Z_| Ö ^maV~Zm_amOÒWmZ(1.4.1990H$mo) I{ZO ^maV amOÒWmZ {Q>flnUr n´_m{UVn´gß^mÏ` gß^mdr Hw$c n´_m{UVn´gß^mÏ` gß^mdr Hw$c EonoQ>mBQ> 0.562 11.624 1.050 13.2360.006 0.030. . 0.036 1.4.1993 EoÒ~oÒQ>m∞g 0.275 0.706 1.313 2.294 0.265 0.556 1.04 1.861 ~°amBQ≤>g 12.00851.54 6.599 70.1470.040 0.726 1.628 2.394 ~m∞ä gmBQ> 668.041550.47 1306.8282525.339. . 0.318 0.318 ~o›Q>moZmBQ> 36.846111.187219.523 367.55633.452107.538136.116277.106 B_maVrnÀWa A.J´oZmBQ> 9.215 396.476201.249 606.940. 0.007 . 0.007 M3 ~._m~©c 0.048 25.672 978.619 1004.3390.048 3.172 733.707736.927 H°$ÎgmBQ >8.166 1.759 0.647 10.5720.403 1.458 0.368 2.229 Vm_´ A.A`ÒH$ 173.752154.637102.657 431.04624.32726.037 38.972 89.336 1.4.1994 ~.YmVw 1.801 1.644 1.112 4.557 0.204 0.268 0.436 0.908 1.4.1994 S>mocmo_mBQ >523.1891009.9963434.2824967.4676.391 84.253 44.777 135.421 \\o$ÎS>Ònma 888.0292424.26412825.5716137.86231.844305.4769329.7549867.074 A{ægh{_Q≤>Q>r 56.50340.829 599.383 696.71510.8174.812 198.438214.067 ‚cmoamBQ> 0.696 0.663 1.678 3.037 0.412 0.218 0.329 0.959 1.4.1994 \\w$cg© AW© . 0.712 227.600 228.312. 0.300 189.700190 JmaZoQ> 17.35512.851 9.307 39.5130.010 0.039 5.11 5.159 J´o\\$mBQ >0.539 0.832 1.735 3.106 . 0.048 0.421 0.469 {Oflg_ 19.72240.282 179.308 239.31213.65037.188 43.113 93.951 BÎ_oZmBQ> 30.42040.020 14.310 84.75 . . . . cm°h 4689.0002824.0002088.0009601.00. 6.000 3.000 9.000 Ho$Amo{cZmBQ>Ed_≤ 20.161295.176684.52 999.85711.06613.974 189.829214.869 A›`_•{ŒmH$mE± H$m`oZmBQ>Ed_≤ >7.902 39.067 6.441 53.410. . 0.001 0.001 A›`{gcr_oZmBQ Pb+Zn (A`ÒH$)71.05338.34 80.157 189.55064.81930.893 75.913 171.625 1.4.1993 {cΩZmBQ >. . . 26.15 . . . 1020 1995 cmBÒQ>moZ 11562.5816463.7648419.6776446.011310.5793272.1225210.5689793.269 _°ΩZogmBQ> 41.050142.02650.253 233.3291.336 1.353 2.798 5.487 _°JZrO 28.56741.794 106.116 176.477. . 0.409 0.409 {ZH$c(A`ÒH$) . . . 183.500. . . . 05.0.9Ni 1.4.1993 AmoH$a 3.462 5 13.848 22.3101.715 3.166 6.099 10.98 nmoQ>me . . . 0 20.398. . 20.398 . nm`amBQ> 19.46 64.69 7.370 91.52010.90021.250 2.200 34.35 1.4.1993 am∞H$\\$mÒ\\o$Q 88.15325.771 33.026 146.95059.9666.848 6.925 73.739 1.4.1993 {gÎda(A`ÒH$) 56.67152.585 33.628 142.88452.20349.101 31.418 132.722 ä dmQ≤©>O+{g{cH$mg¢S>73.699244.634665.194 983.52720.63230.620 85.748 137 gmonÒQ>moZ(gocIãS>) 6.957 15.323 61.385 83.6655.317 8.765 30.250 44.332 {Q>Z A.A`ÒH$ 0.561 . 28.346 28.907. . . . ~.YmVw 0.000276. 0.0030460.003322. . . . Qß>JÒQ>Z 3.042 4.575 18.250 25.867. 0.722 12.669 13.391 1.4.1993 wo3 0.006130.0034240.0677650.077319. 0.0009240.0585020.059426 d_uä `ycmBQ> 0.0064350.1702770.1357420.312454. 0.0026000.0042780.006878 dmcoÒQ>moZmBQ> 0.545 1.551 2.190 4.286 0.545 1.551 0.964 3.06 ÚmoVÖ AmB© ~rE_Bß{S>`Z{_ZacgB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998,p 222-614

P:43

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 35 Vm{cH$m8Ö 1997-98Ed_≤ 1998-99_| I{ZOCÀnmXZÖ ^maV~Zm_amOÒWmZ ^maV anmOyaoÒÒ^WWmmmaZZVH_$|m1A_9mn9ô°bm7 amOÒWmZ I{ZO BH$mB© 1A9n9´°b7 1_9m9M8© A‡°b _mM© _mM© An´°b _mM© 1999 1998 1999 1998 1998 _yÎ` _mÃm _yÎ` _mÃm _yÎ` _yÎ` _mÃm g_ÒVI{ZO . . 389202800 37969701911. 7747773. 8309323 B™YZI{ZO . . 342062374. 33272300413. 272000. 290000 n´mH•${VH$J°g(Cn`mo{JV)mcm 19703381073001952237631000 6136 272000145 290000 YmpÀdH$I{ZO 31385170. 30469228 2. 3758287. 4053045 Vm_´ A`ÒH$ t 44997162566348 42534092146031 214710498442921376787791385 cm°hA`ÒH$(Hw$c) X103t 75723181970187068317572091 87 599 7 620 cm°hA`ÒH$({n S>) X103t 327537074589 298106561983 87 599 7 820 grgmgmßX´ t 60881688445 63856682608 14882047117451697 464353 {gÎda kg 53925397238 55363409784 12770520460134542 255093 OÒVmgmßX´ t 2925242238754 3499342541818 129223522376213498902541594 A-YmpÀdH$I{ZO 15755258 16504787 2. 3717486. 3966278 \\$mÒ\\$moamBQ t 12194251485120 16091591573197 1952732128272614072731422137 EoÒ~oÒQ>m∞g t 2553718151 1992618725 1248203504 19109 3072 ~mc_•{ŒmH$m t 46420152115 38391337458 137066943869 31414431539 ~°amBQ≤>g t 453073320433 659318370018 23431 1692 4252 1658 H°$ÎgmBQ> t 5102317976 5762918819 15037317818 57629 18819 Mm∞H t 11514128036 11532127730 115 2 0 0 S>mocmo_mBQ> t 3002880731529 290773672349 97190 600 35253 2843 \\o$ÎS>Ònma t 11223815191 10661112512 1600696349 57346 5789 CÉ Vmngh{_Q≤>Q>r t 45021448743 36139839506 110609016517 77259 10241 ‚cmoamBQ>(J´o{S>S>) t 5519 11636 3918 9702 21205 4525 1100 4128 JmaZoQ>(AnKfu) t 7694618485 13015029298 292 51 349 172 JmaZoQ>(aÀZ) kg 724 70 889 83 1742 70 889 83 J´o\\$mBQ>(Ama.Amo.E_.)t 11151837247 13182240589 41061 298 0 0 {Oflg_ t 2195423313100 2326876312934 121799783093222302530304432 O°Òna t 6118 1483 5592 1063 16118 1483 5592 1063 Ho$Amo{cZ(Hw$c) t 790802478253 708503502318 415670415320 15388017727 Ho$Amo{cZ(n´mH•${VH$) t 62434974051 53942271938 115670415320 15388017727 H$m`oZmBQ> t 6068 3208 5861 3149 3538 242 211 119 {gcr_oZmBQ t 1245844875 1207045015 349 49 106 103 cmB_ÒQ>moZ X103 t 1104411036937310983511226104 315920156807717969 1755083 _°æogmBQ >t 373520379983 350755355593 46 6 578 504 _mBH$mH´y$S>(H$É m) t 1697 23684 1492 23215 323 723 18 453 _mBH$m~oÒQ>dÒH´o$n t 907 0 889 0 2247 0 341 0 AmoH$a t 35789520398 35776616057 128225614146931323312575 nm`amo{\\$cmBQ >t 10287522654 8656115796 53883 2473 1133 273 ä dmQ≤©>O t 20913324632 21710626534 2608276005 46355 4653 ä dmQ©>≤OmBQ >t 5871468397 474255404 30 0 2522 235 {g{cH$m~mcy t 1451156143938 1314316115202 316340625644 15364518790 ÒQ>rEoQ>mBQ> t 474957313019 456187271548 1401643300704388176260447 d_uä `ycmBQ t 4699 3368 4035 3686 416 1 0 0 dmboÒQ>moZmBQ> t 9774292330 9464285451 19774392330 94642 85451 coQ>amBQ> t 59258447338 79430622792 4651122917 87656 3889 ÚmoVÖ AmB© ~rE_,1999I{ZOCÀnmXZHo$_m{gH$Am±H$ãSo>,dmc.31,Z.3,_mM© 1999,n•.1-26

P:44

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P:48

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P:49

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P:50

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P:57

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P:59

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P:60

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P:61

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P:63

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 55 Sy±>Janwa{Ocm {H$Ò_| h¢&Í$~r`m_m{Uä `Jwcm~r-cmc,{H$a{_Or`m~¢JZr nmSo>aH$snmc(24°54' : 73°30' )Ö `h{ZjonSyß>JanwaHo$cJ^J33(Zrccmo{hV)aßJH$mhmoVmh°&gÉ mZrc_Zrco aßJH$mhmoVmh°&Zrc__| {H$_rCŒmanpÌM__| CX`nwa-Ah_Xm~mX(ZoeZchmBdo-8)napÒWVh°& Xygao aßJg\\o$X,nrcm,hamdJwcm~rhmoVo h¢&^maVdamOÒWmZ_| H$moa›S>_ BgjoÃ_| 900_rQ>ago A{YH$H$sAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© _| Vm_´-I{ZOr^dZHo${ZM`m|dCÀnmXZHo$Am±H$ãSo>ZrMoVm{cH$m17d18_|{XEJ`oh¢& n´_m{UV{H$`mh°&MoÎH$monm`amBQ>,nm`amBQ>,~moaZmBQ>,H$modocmBQ> VWm Vm{cH$m17Ö 1.4.90H$mo H$moa›S>_Ho${ZM` EOyamBQ>A`ÒH$I{ZOh¢&I{ZOr^dZH$sA{VWo`e°c| ä dmQ≤©>OmBQ>VWm Q>Zm| _| ä bmoamBQ>-{eÒQ>h¢&gm_m›`VÖ Xmo joÃ{OZH$sAm°gVMm°ãS>mB© 2_rQ>aVWm n´_m{UVn´gß^mÏ`gß^mdr Hw$c 5_rQ>ah°,{_co h¢&YamVcgo 100_rQ>aH$sJhamB© VWmA`ÒH${n S>m| H$s ^maV 25 35 15,28415,344 {Za›VaVmn´_m{UVH$sOmMwH$sh°&cJ^J1{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`m| {OZ_| amOÒWmZ - - 380 380 Cu-1.12% h°,H$sgß^mdZmÏ`ä VH$sJB© h°&A_Pmam(23°53' : 73°32') VWm{~N>r~mãS>m(23°45' : 73°31' )joÃm| go ^r[anmoQ©>H$sJB© h¢& ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$,1996,dmc.2n•.310 CX`nwa{Ocm Vm{cH$m18Ö H$moa›S>_H$mCÀnmXZ Vm_´ I{ZOr^dZA{Z`{_V,gr{_V{dÒVmadmco,N>moQo>gßH$ao c¢gm| ({H$J´m_|) 1992-93 1993-941994-95 Ho$Í$n_|,A›dofrn´doYZHo$¤mamJmonmHw$am(24°55' : 73°52'),_mOoam ^maV 21,210 20,709 7,210 (24°47' : 73°45'),H$am°cr(24°57' : 73°45')VWmC_am (24°32 : 73°48),_| gy{MV{H$`mJ`mh°&S>rE_OramOÒWmZZo JmonmHw$am amOÒWmZ 475 1,610 480 _| cJ^J0.03{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`m| {OZ_| 1%Vm_´ h°,H$mAmH$cZ{H$`m ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$,1996,dmc.2n•.311 h°&_mOoam_|,cJ^J11{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`m| {OZ_| 0.6%Vm_´ h°,H$m S>mocmo_mBQ> AmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh°& ~mßgdmãS>m{Ocm S>mocmo_mBQ> ÒWycAWdmgßÒV[aVÍ$n_| {_cVrh°&BgH$m_wª` Am°⁄mo{JH$Cn`moJcm°hEdß BÒnmVC⁄moJ_| ‚cä g(JmcH$)nXmW© Ho$Í$n _hÀdnyU© Vm_´ I{ZOr^dZPmaH$m(23°45' : 74°25' ),JmoOnmacm _| h° {OgH$sJUZmXoeHo$Hw$cS>mocmo_mBQ>Cn^moJHo$91%VH$H$sOmVr (23°57' : 74°24' ),OJnwam(23°54' : 74°21' )Am°a^w{H$`m(23°32' : h°&BgHo$A{V[aä V,`hΩcmg,cm°h{_lYmVwAm|,{_l-CÀnmX,Cd©aH$, 74°21' )joÃm|_|A›dofrn´doYZHo$¤mam[anmoQ©>{H$EJ`oh¢& {_Q≤>Q>rHo$~V©Z,agm`Z,Bcoä Q¥>moS>,a~ãS>,^dZ{Z_m©UAm{X_| Cn`moJH$s Vm_´ I{ZOr^dZH$sn´m{·`m± amOÒWmZHo$Xygao ^mJm| go ^r[anmoQ©>H$s OmVrh°&Xoe_| BgHo${dÒV•VIZZ`moΩ`/n´{Vc‰`{ZM`4976{_{c`Z JB© h¢&_hÀdnyU© joÃh¢ AO_oa{Oco _| MoZnwam(26°17' : 74°39');MyÍ$ Q>Zh¢&{\\$a^r,AÎn{g{cH$mS>mocmo_mBQ>H$s^mar_m±J~ãT>Zo H$sAmemh°& {Oco _| ~rS>mga(27°48' : 74°22')VWm{~a_mga(26°02' : 74°46'), BgJ´oS>S>mocmo_mBQ>Ho${ZM`,{OZ_| {g{cH$mH$s_mÃm1%go H$_h°,H$s ZmJm°a{Oco _| ~{c`m(27°12' : 74°35' ),^aVnwa{Oco _| hWamoB© _mÃm~h˛VH$_h°&`⁄{namOÒWmZHo$~h˛Vgo ^yd°km{ZH$e°cg_yhm| _| (26°50' : 77°06'),gdmB© _mYmonwa{Oco _| Í$nmcr(26°42' : 76°32'), S>mocmo_mBQ>H$sn´m{·`m± h¢,S>mocmo_mBQ>H$mCÀnmXZ~h˛VH$_h° ä `m|{H$am¡` nmcr{Oco _| N>rVa(26°07' : 74°13')VWmPmcmdmãS>{Oco _| AZmaIoãS>m _|H$moB©^rYmVwH$_u`EdßXygaoC⁄moJZhth¢ü & (26°07' : 74°30' )h¢& S>mocmo_mBQ> {ZjonAO_oa,Acda,^rcdmãS>m,O`nwa,O°gc_oa, H$moa›S>_ Pw›PwZyß,OmoYnwa,ZmJm°a,nmcr,gdmB©_mYmonwaAm°aCX`nwa{Ocm| _| {_cVo h|&n´Xoe_| Hw$c{ZM`1,62,644hOmaQ>ZHo$H$ar~h¢&dJ© dJ´oS>Ho$ H$moa›S>_AnZrH$R>moaVmHo$H$maUAnKf©H$nXmWm] Ho${Z_m©U_| AZwgma{ZM`m| H$m{dVaUVm{cH$m19_|ß Am°aS>mocmo_mBQ>H$mCÀnmXZ Cn`moJ{H$`mOmVmh°&{ZgmXÍ$n_|,BgH$mCn`moJ{d{eÔ>CÉ VmnghVm{cH$m20_|{X`mJ`mh°& Hw$pÎh`m/H$Q>moar~ZmZo _| H$m_hmoVmh°&H•${Ã_H$moa›S>_H$s_m±J~h˛V A{YH$h° ä `m|{H$n´mH•${VH$H$moa›S>_H$mCÀnmXZ_m±Jny{V© Ho${cEAn`m©·AO_oa{Ocm h°& S>mocmo_mBQ>{ZjonH$OcmH$m~amHo$Mmam| Va\\${_cVo h¢&BF J´oS> Í$~r(cmc_m{Uä `)VWmg°\\$m`a(Zrc_)H$moa›S>_H$snmaXeuaÀZr Ho$cJ^J13000Q>Z{ZM`m| H$mAmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh°&`hÒWyc

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56 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m19Ö amOÒWmZ_| S>mocmo_mBQ>Ho$IZZ`moΩ`{ZM` Mgo, 29-40 go 31-44% CaO, 1-12 go 2-62% R2O3 Am°a J´oS> n´_m{UV n´gß^mÏ` gß^mdr Hw$c6-2% SiO2 h°&BgHo${ZM`m|H$mAmH$cZ~mH$sh°& ~rE\\$ - 75,750 13,00088,750 ZmJm°a-OmoYnwa-nmcr{Oco CÉ Vmngh- A›` - 23,496 - 23,496 S>mocmo_mBQ>EH$cmB_ÒQ>moZnQ≤>Q>r_| {_cVmh° Omo {H$150{H$_rgo AdJuH•$V5,325 3,644 1,2564,900 AkmV- 3,2001 4,45822,983 A{YH$H$sXyar_| \\°$crh° Am°agmoOVHo$CŒmago (nmcr{Ocm){~cmãS>m- g_ÒVJ´oS> 5,325 2,8211 9,69422,515 ~moÍ$›Xm(OmoYnwa{Ocm)hmoVrh˛B© JmoQ>ZVWm_y±S>dm(ZmJm°a{Ocm)VH$ ÚmoVÖ AmB© ~rE_ 1,08,91148,4081,62,644 {dÒV•Vh°&BgnQ≤>Q>r_| S>mocmo_mBQ>Ho$BF J´oS>Ho$Hw$c{ZM`75,750hOma (hOmaQ>Zm| _|) Q>Zh¢& Vm{cH$m20Ö S>mocmo_BQ>H$mCÀnmXZ O`nwa{Ocm n´Xoe/{Ocm 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 S>mocmo_mBQ>_m~©cAcdaAm°aO`nwaHo$~rMgÍ$am,Zmadm,Q>moham, ^maV 3,232,042 3,346,5263,086,894 OoR>cr,S>mJmo~,AOrVnwam,H$cOnwar,H$mcoX,amJZdmãS>m,Am°aam`gmocm amOÒWmZ 1,767 3,545 8,709 _| AZmd•Œmh¢&BZ_| go OoR>cr,S>mJmo~,H$cOnwar,H$mcoXVWmam`gmocmHo$ O`nwa 7 1,498 -{Zjon_hÀdnyU© h¢&`o S>mocmo_mBQ> {Zjonam`cmo g_yhH$s{ecmAm| go O°gc_oa 416 237 -gß~ß{YVh¢&AmH${cV{ZM`31,628hOmaQ>Zh¢&`o S>mocmo_mBQ>_m~©cHo$ Pw›PwZyß 20 18 -Í$n_| Cn`moJ{H$`o OmVo h¢ Am°a`o Am±Yr_m~©cHo$Zm_go n´{g’h¢&nÀWam| grH$a 1,324 1,792 -Ho$Qy>Qo>Qw>H$ãSo>_m~©c{MflgVWmS>mocmo_mBQ>nmCS>a~ZmZo Ho$H$m_AmVo h¢& ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$,1996,dmc.2,1998,n•.326-27 OmoYnwa{Ocm H${UH$VWmYygargo g\\o$XaßJH$sh°&Bg_| 19.22% MgO, S>mocmo_mBQ>H$mEH$N>moQ>m{ZjonAdJuH•$VJ´oS>Ho$40hOmaQ>Z{ZM`m| 4.10% SiO2, 30.29% CaO, 0.24% R2O3 h° VWmBgH$m Ho$gmW,Vodar,^o›gmoB©,_moX`mB© Am°aZmH$mo{c`mZmãS>rjoÃm| _| cm°h_` Amno{jH$KZÀd2.6 h°& g¢S>ÒQ>moZHo$gmhM`© _| {_cVmh°&`hgy˙_H${UH$,H$R>moaVWmR>mogAm°a YygaraßJH$sh°& Acda{Ocm Pw›PwZyß {Ocm S>mocmo_mBQ>Ho${ZjonPrar,T>mUr,{ZOamVWmXodr_mVmÒWmZmoß Ho$Mmam| `hm± {Zjon{g_moaVWmnhmãS>r_| {_cVo h¢&{g`moa_|,{Zjon200_rQ>a Amoa{_cVo h¢&360hOmaQ>Z{ZM`m| H$sJUZmH$sJB© h°&S>mocmo_mBQ>H$s go A{YH$H$sAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© VWm60_rQ>aMm°ãS>B© _| AZmd•Œmh¢ü &`h{ZÂZ ~ZmdQ>eH©$am^h° VWmg\\o$Xgo Jhao YygaaßJH$sh°&Prar{ZjonOmo {H$60J´oS> VWmg\\o$Xgo qnH$aßJH$sh°&H$mcrnhmãS>r_|,S>mocmo_mQ> {Zjon _rQ>aMm°ãS>mh°,360_rQ>aH$sAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© _| {dÒV•Vh°,S>mocmo_mBQ>H$m π$mQ≤©>OmBQ>Ho$gmW{_cVmh°&{OcoHo$gß{MV{Zjon1020hOmaQ>Zh¢& _m~©cH$sVahCn`moJhmoVmh°& O°gc_oa{Ocm ^rcdmãS>m{Ocm S>mocmo_mBQ>MrMmVWmMmcmoQ>m_| {_cVrh°&MrMm_| S>mocmo_mBQ>{Zjon H$mogrWmZHo$Mmam| Amoa{_cZo dmcrS>mocmo_mBQ>g\\o$Xgo YygaraßJVWm MQ©>¤mamD$narem`rVWmnmßSw>aßJH$s{H´$ÒQ>cr`S>mocmo_mBQ>¤mamAYmoem`r R>mog/gwgßhVn´H•${VH$sh°&Bg_| 15 go 21% MgO, 30 go 34% h°&`hg\\o$X,Za_VWmgy˙_H${UH$h°&{Oco _| 3150hOmaQ>Z{ZM`m| H$m CaO, 1 go 4.5% SiO2 Am°a0.4 go 1.50% R2O3 h°&9269 hOma AmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh°& Q>Z{ZM`m| H$mAmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh°& grH$a{Ocm {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{Ocm S>mocmo_mBQ>{ZM`_H$ãS>r,_mMdm,_mAmo›S>mVWmH$mcrSy±>JarHo$Mmam| {MŒmm°{ãS>`m-Jmoacm-M›XmIoãS>rjoÃm| _| S>mocmo_mBQ> YygaraßJH$s, Amoa{_cVoh¢&{Oco_|1951hOmaQ>Z{ZM`h¢& gy˙_H${UH$,H$R>moaVWmgwgßhV(R>mog)h° {Og_| 18.12 go 19-53% _H$ãS>rjoÃÖ S>mocmo_mBQ> g\\o$XaßJH$m,_moQo> Í$n_| gßÒV[aV,

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 57 {H´$ÒQ>cr`VWmÒWycn´H•${VH$mEdß H°$ÎH$-ZmBgnQ≤>Q>m| Ho$gmhM`© _| 1992 go 1995 Ho$Xm°amZ,Xoe_| \\o$ÎgnmaHo$Hw$cCÀnmXZ_| {_cVmh°&_mMdmjoÃ_|,S>mocmo_mBQ>H°$ÎH$-ZmBgHo$gmhM`©_|{_cVmh°& amOÒWmZH$m`moJXmZ59% H$mWm(Vm{cH$m21) _mAmo›S>mjoÃÖ H$R>moaVWmgßhVEgE_EgVWm{ZÂZJ´oS>H$m amOÒWmZ_|,\\o$ÎgnmaH$sn´m{·`m± AO_oa,Acda,O`nwa,nmcr S>mocmo_mBQ>{OgH$m{dÌcofUBgn´H$mah¢Ö 31.23% CaO, 21.4% Am°agrH$a{Ocm|go[anmoQ©>H$sJB©h¢& MgO, 3.92% SiO2, 0.38% Fe2O3, 0.12% Al2O3 VWm Acda{Ocm 42.25% cmogAm∞ZBΩZreZh°& {Oco _| {ZM`9.50{_{c`ZQ>Zh°&BZ_| 1.52{_{c`ZQ>Znm°Q>ar gdmB©_mYmonwa{Ocm (_•X^m S>)J´oS>Ho$,7.96{_{c`ZQ>ZAdJuH•$VJ´oS>Ho$Am°a18225Q>Z {Oco_|S>mocmo_mBQ>Ho${ZM`23,500 hOmaQ>Zh¢& AkmVdJ© Ho$h¢&_wª`{Zjonq_XmZr-{VcmZm-gmoH${c`m,Om{c`m- nrR>mdmg-YyZr-H$mcmIoãS>m-WyZrWmH$s-OmdOm;Mmßd{S>`m;qgXar- CX`nwa{Ocm g›Xmo{c`m;Xm±Vcr-XoamßWy-Xmc-cmohmadmãS>m-JßJmnwa;gm_moX- {g{cH$m_`S>mocmo{_{Q>H$cmB_ÒQ>moZ,g\\o$XaßJVWmeH©$am^CÒ_mYc;H$m~ar;S>~ao{c`m-nrnamocr-_w±XmoV_| pÒWVh¢& n´H•${VH$mh° {Og_| 2.5% SiO2 VWm18 go 20% Mgo h°,{Oco _| AO_oa{Ocm Ï`mnH$Í$n_| {_cVmh°&{Oco _| 2550 hOmaQ>Z{ZM`m| H$mAmH$cZ \\o$ÎgnmaH$sJwcm~r{H$Ò_VVmanwa(27°45' : 76°35')VWm {H$`mJ`mh°& I°aWcgo [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°&dV©_mZ_| VVmanwa_| \\o$ÎS>gnmaH$mIZZhmo ahm \\o$Îgnma h°VWmn´gß^mÏ`dJ©Ho$Hw$c{ZM`44,603 Q>Zh°& \\o$ÎgnmanmoQo>{e`_,gmo{S>`_Amoa/AWm©V≤ H°$pÎg`_H$mEÎ`y_rZmo-O`nwa{Ocm {g{cHo$Q>I{ZOh°&`⁄{n\\o$Îgnmagdm©{YH$Ï`mnH$e°cH$aI{ZOh° Zr_H$mWmZmHo$g_rnXyXdmHo$Mmam| Amoag\\o$XEdß Jwcm~r\\o$Îgnma Am°a{ecmAm| _| g~go A{YH$gßKR>H$Ho$Í$n_| {_cVmh°,BgHo$ Ho${ZjonpÒWVh¢&n´gß^mÏ`{ZM`30000 Q>Zh°& dm{Up¡`H${Zjonn°Ω_oQ>mBQ>{ecmAm| _| hrn[agr{_Vh°ß&\\o$Îgnma`mVmo n°Ω_oQ>mBQ> {eamAm| go ImoXH$a{ZH$mcm(AmIZZ{H$`m)OmVmh° `m nmcr{Ocm n°Ω_oQ>mBQ>go _mBH$mEdß ~°[acHo$IZZHo$Xm°amZCnmoÀnmXZHo$Í$n_| n´m· Jwcm~r\\o$ÎgnmaH$sn´m{·`m± gm_m›`VÖ ZmBgEdß {eÒQ>m| _| AßVd}Yr {H$`mOmVmh°&\\o$Îgnma_wª`VÖ {gao{_H$(_•{ŒmH$m{eÎn)Am°aΩcmgnoΩ_oQ>mBQ>go gÂ~’h° VWmH$mcm{c`m,IrZdmc,Mmdß{S>`m(26°05' : C⁄moJmoß VWm({d⁄wV-D$Ó_m)amoYH${Z_m©U_| Cn`moJ{H$`mOmVmh°& Vm{cH$m21Ö \\o$ÎÒnmaH$mCÀnmXZ 74°35'),n´VmnJãT>,qS>Jmoa,WmßS>r~oa,~amß{Q>`m-IwX© Am°a~oam_| [anmoQ©> am¡`/{Ocm 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 H$sJB© h°&{S>JmoaHo$g_rn\\o$Îgnman´m`Ö cm°hY„~m| go `wä Vh°&{Oco _| IXmZ| _mÃm(QZ_|>)IXmZ| _mÃm(Q>Z_|)_mÃm(Q>Z_|) 49,200 Q>Z{ZM`h°BZ_|52947 Q>Z_•X^m S>/_•{ŒmH$m{eÎnJ´oS>Ho$h¢& ^maV 79 74,08678 87,15581,343 grH$a{Ocm amOÒWmZ54 43,85052 53,28644716 n°Ω_oQ>mBQ>m| _| Jwcm~r-g\\o$X\\o$ÎgnmaHo${ZjonXyXmdmgAm°aharXmg AO_oa 36 33,56228 41,612- Ho$~mgHo$Mmam| AmoapÒWVh°&61783 Q>Z{ZM`h¢ {Og_| 50551 Q>Z Acda 1 342 1 730 - _•{ŒmH$m-{eÎnJ´oS>Ho$h¢& ^rcdmãS>m 7 5,33210 7,004 - Xm°gm - - 1 342 - \\o$ÎgnmaH$m\\$s~ãS>r_mÃm_| ^rcdmãS>m,Sy±>JanwaVWmCX`nwa{Ocm| H$s O`nwa 5 1,2396 702 - _mBH$mIXmZm| go n´m·hmoVrh¢& nmcr 3 530 3 641 - ‚cmoamBQ> grH$a 2 2,8452 2,065 - Q>m|H$ - - 1 190 - ‚cmoamBQ>(CaF2)n´m`Ö aßJhrZgo g\\o$XEdß ~¢JZraßJH$mhmoVmh°& -ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.336 gdm}Œm_‚cmoamBQ>cmoho naVm_MrZrMãT>mZo `m_rZmH$marH$aZo AnmaXeu

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58 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m22Ö ‚cmoamBQ>Ho${ZM` Vm{cH$m24Ö ‚cmoamBQ>H$mCÀnmXZ(J´o{S>S>) (hOmaQ>Zm| _|) am¡`/{Ocm 1992-93 1993-94 am¡`IZZ`moΩ`{ZM`(1.4.1994H$m) IXmZ| _mÃm(Q>.)IXmZ| _mÃm(Q>.) 11 3,160 114,402 ^maV n´_m{UV n´gß^mÏ`gß^mÏ` Hw$c ^maV 9 2,397 9 2,606 696 663 1,6783,037 amOÒWmZ 412 218 329 959 amOÒWmZ ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.357. Syß>Janwa 4 884 4 602 Omcm°a 5 1,513 5 2,004 CEdn`ß XmoJy{Yh`moVmmΩch°&mg{ZÂHZo$-{ZJ_´oSm>©UH$m_‚| cVmWoammBhQ>m‚BcS¥>mä oä gc(mo[JaHmc$HA$)ÂcHo$ÍH$o$n{_Z_| BmÒ©Unm_V| ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.358. {Z_m©UHo${cET>cmBKam| (\\$mCßS>ar)_| Cn`moJhmoVmh°&BÒnmVYmVwH$_© _| nyd}{jV{H$`mJ`mWm,I{ZOH$sAn`m©·_mÃmhmoZo Ho$H$maUIMucmhmo VWmH•${Ã_H´$m`mocmBQ>Ho${Z_m©U_| ‚cmoamBQ>H$mCn`moJBgo EH$_hÀdnyU© J`mh°& I{ZO~ZmVmh°& Acda{Ocm amOÒWmZ_| ‚cmoamBQ>H$sH$B© ~ãS>rn´m{flV`mß VWmN>moQo>{Zjonh¢ Am°a AHo$dÂ~cmSJ>mwOoßJaam_V| _gmo°OAyXJhc°&o ÒcWmoamZmBQh>¢ H{O$sgnH´m{o$·n`mmgß± A^Oma_Voa,HA$mcg~dga,o ~^ãSrc>md{ZmãSj>mon, hmoVmhI°&°aWcHo$g_rnn°Ω_oQ>mBQ>{eamAm| go ‚cmoamBQ>H$mWmoãS>mCÀnmXZ Syß>Janwa,O`nwa,Omcm°a,Pw›PwZyß,ZmJm°a,grH$aVWm{gamohr{Ocm| _| [anmoQ©> O`nwa{Ocm H$sJB© h°&IZZ`moΩ`{ZjonSy±>Janwa,Omcm°a,Pw›PwZyß,grH$aVWm{gamohr ‚cmoamBQ>H$sCnpÒW{VAm_crgo [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°& {Ocm| _| h°&amOÒWmZ_| ‚cmoamBQ>Ho$Hw$c{ZM`1.684{_{c`ZQ>ZHo$ cJ^Jhmo gH$Vo h¢ {OZH$mAm°gVJ´oS>12% CaF2 h° {gdm`H$amamHo$Ohm± ^rcdmãS>m{Ocm na`h52% CaF2 h° (Vm{cH$m22)&amOÒWmZ_| joÃdma‚cmoamBQ>Ho$ ‚cmoamBQ> H$sn´m{·`m± CX`nwa(25°44' : 74°16'),~mamIoam {ZM`m|VWmCÀnmXZH$m„`m°amH´$_eÖ Vm{cH$m23Edß24_|{X`mJ`mh°& (25°43' : 74°19'),~maoQ>nwam(25°41' : 74°17'),VWmXm±Vam ^maV_| ‚cmoamBQ>H$mCÀnmXZamOÒWmZHo$gmnoj_| df© 1992-93(23°42' : 74°17')go [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°&‚cmoamBQ>~m`moQ>mBQ>ZmBggß{Y`m| Ed{d^ßJm| Ho$gmW1go 5go_rMm°ãS>r{e[aH$mAm| dAgßVV≤ {eamAm| go VWm1993-94_| Vm{cH$m24_| {X`mJ`mh°& [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°&I{ZOnma^mgrVWm~¢JZraßJH$mh°& AO_oa{Ocm Syß>Janwa{Ocm ‚cmoamBQ>I°amoQ>H$sEH$_mBH$m(A^´H$)ImZgo [anmoQ©>{H$`mJ`mh°& ‚cmoamBQ> I{ZOr^dZ^rcdmãS>m_hmg_yhHo$_ßJcdmãS> g_yhH$s {H$eZJãT>Ho$g_rn~acm_| pÒWV{ZjonH$mIZZ,Omo {H$Q>mQ>mHo$¤mam {ecmAm| go Omo {H$J´oZmBQ>VWmnoΩ_oQ>mBQ>m| ¤mamAßVd}{YVh¢,go gÂ~’h°& A`ÒH${n S>,AmH•${V_| c¢gZw_m,_moQo>‚cmoamBQ>dH°$ÎgmBQ>,π$mQ≤©>OVWm Vm{cH$m23Ö ‚cmoamBQ>Ho$joÃ-dma{ZM` joà {ZM`({_{b`ZQ>Z/Q>Z)CaF2% H$Q>Am∞\\$%MQ©>go ~Zo h¢& _›S>mo-H$s-nmc0.4 mt 12.00 _›S>mo-H$s-nmc-H${hcmnQ≤>Q>r ZdmJm±d 5 _›S>mo-H$s-nmc(23°47' : 73°52' )-H${hcmÖ CŒma_| hWmB© go 5 coH$aX{jU_| H${hcmVH${dÒV•V{Zjon,15go 20{H$_rH$sXyar_| \\°$co, {eamE±>1_r 15,700t 18.22 amOÒWmZHo$g~go ~ãS>o {Zjonh¢&nQ≤>Q>rH$mCŒmar^mJhWmB©,ZdmJm±d, {eamE±<1_r 4,625t 18.85 5 _mVm{Q>„~mAm°ag_moQ>mHo${Zjonm| _| g_m`o h˛Eh°ß Ohm± na‚cmoamBQ>H$s 10 {e[aH$mE± VWm{eamE± J´oZmBQ>_| `mZmBgmo _| _oQ>mAdgmXm| Ho$a°‚Q>m| (MmVr) 20,325 t 18.35 5 _| {d^ßJ-^aUHo$Í$n_| nm`o OmVo h¢&^mod[a`mH$mZmH$mVWmH${hcm_| Omo 5 {H$nQ≤>Q>rH$mX{jUr^mJ~ZmVo h¢,‚cmoamBQ>{eamE± Aamdcrπ$mQ©≤>OmBQ> g_moVm 1,78,000t 13.89 Am°a_mBH$m-{eÒQ>m| _| gßÒVam|-Vcm| `m{d^ßJm| Ho$gmW{_cVrh¢& 1,70,000t 18.32 H${hcm 0.584mt 10.94 0.303mt 14.45 ÚmoVÖ S>rE_Or,amOÒWmZ

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P:77

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P:79

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P:80

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P:87

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P:88

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P:89

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P:90

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P:93

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P:95

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P:96

88 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m44Ö gmß^aPrcHo$cdU OmoYnwa{Ocm NaCl% Na2SO4% Na2CO3% Insoluble % 100dJ© {H$_rgo A{YH$joÃ\\$c_| ~mnVWm\\$cm°XrjoÃm| _| CWco H$m`a 96.362.39 0.40 ~h˛VH$_ Hw$Am| go {ZH$mco JEcdUOcHo$gm°admÓnZgo Z_H$CÀnmXZ aoÌVm 97.591.03 0.40 0.40 hmoVmh°& nmZcdU96.013.10 2.26 0.32 ~mcy ({g{cH$mg|S>)ä dmQ≤©>OdΩcmgg¢S> ÚmoVÖ OrEgAmB© NSaZm_>rgaSH2m>Sd`$Om{{ZZZ4mÂHZHg$o$oJC[ÏawU⁄`nmmmmÀoJoQn_m©>H{|HH$H$$Vo${EZm{jcJHE$onEm,hhH¢&°O$AÉammomoh°ao{Hr_BE$mgcHa_m$oh|IH8ro$0{ZZÍ%mO$_nN\"g_{aW|oCCOZlnoamhZS`°&o>mmBoJO{QZm>{'VOHgo ©c$h`o ~¢m{VHZOW´$rÒmhmVQ°>^cmAmhrma`°°,ar gH_°$wä¢SÎV>ÒgQπr>{Sm$goZm>mQ,oZ{≤©>cOπr$HAmVQ$mHm≤©>O{$XeamBrÍ~w’Q$Z>,nnmπg| °Ω_$m_^Q| oQ{©r≤>O_>meBcQ(°cV>{πHHm$m´$$hÒaQ°&Q≤©>OI>c{g{{erZ{`cOamHmE`| $H±mmB$ÀgmÒ`WE¢Sm{H>ycXd$)h_π;¢&h$mÀAQd≤©>OmnonyUHco$© ,g_ßKwªAR`J>HÛoQ$>hmdoV°& Bg_|90% Na2SO4 h°&S>rS>dmZmHo$gmo{S>`_gÎ\\o$Q>{Zjon{d{^›ZC⁄moJm| amOÒWmZ_|,ΩcmgC⁄moJHo${cECn`wä VΩcmgg¢S>H$sn´m{·O`nwa, H$mo,Omo {H$amgm`{ZH$Vm°anaew’gmo{S>`_gÎ\\o$Q>,gmo{S>`_Wm`mogÎ\\o$Q> ~y±Xr,Xm°gm,gdmB© _mYmonwa,Q>m|H$,O°gc_oa,~rH$mZoaVWm~mãS>_oa{Ocm| go Edß gß^dVÖ gÎ\\$aHo${Z_m©UHo${cEn´mH•${VH$amgm`{ZH$CÀnmXm| H$s kmVh°&{g{cH$mg¢S>H$mXygamCn`moJAÂcr`ao_r-_mgHo$Í$n_| T>cmB© Amny{V© H$aZo _| gj_h°ß& Kam| _| hmoVmh°&π$mQ≤©>OEdß {g{cH$mg¢S>Ho$CÀnmXZHo$AmßH$ãSo>H´$_eÖ ~mãS>_oa{Ocm Vm{cH$m45d46_| gß{j·Í$n_| {XEJEh¢& nMnXamPrcÖ `hEH$cÂ~mA S>mH$maJV© h° Omo {H$cJ^J12.5O`nwa-Xm°gm{Ocm {H$_rcÂ~mVWm4.3go 11.4{H$_rMm°ãS>mEdß 82.74dJ© {H$_rjoÃ\\$c PaÖ {XÎbr_hmg_yhHo$Acdag_yhH$sπ$mQ≤©>OmBQ≤>g_|{g{cH$mg¢S> H$mo KoaVrh°&Bg_| cJ^J91.41_rQ>acÂ~o VWm15.23-18.28_rQ>a H$mPa(26°51' : 71°08')Ho$g_rn~mßgImo nhmãS>r_|,{_cZmkmVh°& Mm°ãSo>JS≤>ãTo>3.04-3.65_rQ>aJhamB© VH$ImoXo J`o h¢ Am°aAYmoÒVcOc{g{cH$mg¢S>em`Xπ$mQ©≤>OmBQ>Ho$\\o$Îgnmam| Ho${ZjmcZgo Ï`wÀn›ZhmoVmh°& BZJS≤>ãT>m| _| AßVÖ ÚdUHo$¤mamEH${ÃV{H$`mOmVmh°&JS≤>T>m| _| cdUOc{g{cH$mg¢S>g\\o$X,gy˙_H${UH$VWmAmH$ma_| 0.12go 0.25{__rHo$ H$sJhamB© cJ^J0.9-1.67_rQ>ah°&BgPrcgo Z_H$H$mHw$cdm{f©H$ ~rMdmcrh°&IZZH$sOmahr~mcy H$mAm°gVAmH$ma30d150_°e(~r CÀnmXZVH$ar~Z1,00,000Q>ZhmoVmh°& EgEg)Ho$~rMh°&AnjrU\\o$ÎgnmaQy>a_o{cZHo$gy˙_H$U,cm°hA`ÒH$ ~rH$mZoa{Ocm VWm_mBH$mnÃH$AÎn_mÃm_| nm`o OmVo h¢&cJ^J2.8{_{c`ZQ>Z AmH${cV{ZM`gy{MV{H$EJEh¢& cyUH$aZgaPrcÖ cyUH$aZgaPrc4.5dJ© {H$_rjoÃ\\$cH$mo Koao Vm{cH$m45Ö ä dmQ≤©>OH$mCÀnmXZ h˛E~rH$mZoaHo$72.4{H$_rCŒmanyd© _| pÒWVh°&gmYmaUZ_H$JVm|© / (Q>Zm| _|) cdUä `m[a`m| BgCX≤XoÌ`Ho${cEImoXo JEOmo {H$CZ_| _| ^y{_JVam¡`/ 1992-93 1993-94 cdUOcHo$BZä `m[a`m± _| AßVÖ ÚdUHo$¤mamEH${ÃVhmoVmh°,gmßX´UHo$ {Ocm IXmZ| _mÃm IXmZ| _mÃm Í$n_| n´m·hmoVmh°&cJ^J8-10Q>ZgmYmaUZ_H$BgrPrcgo EH${ÃV^maV 138 2,04,754 1131,77,608 {H$`mOmVmh°& amOÒWmZ64 56,270 54 59,517 cdU-Oc_| 16% NaCl VWm2.6.3% Na2SO4 h°&{~Q>Z© ^mJ_| AO_oa 37 42,000 29 46,312 1,335 1 618 9% Na2SO4 h° Omo {H${~Zmn´`moJHo$\\|$H${X`mOmVmh°& Acda 1 2,226 3 4,103 - 3 2,909 O°gc_oa{Ocm ^rcdmãS>m 2 Xm°gm - ÒWmZr`Cn^moJHo${cEgmYmaUZ_H$H$sWmoãS>rgr_mÃm^m°_O`nwa 9 3,761 3 816 cdU-Ocgo ImamaU(14.3dJ© {H$_rjoÃ\\$c)VWmH$ZmoS>aU(23dJ© nmcr 5 2,244 4 1,967 {H$_rjoÃ\\$c)_| CÀnm{XV{H$`mOmahmh°&cdUOcH$mo CWco ImoXo JE grH$a 8 4,205 7 1,707 Hw$Am| go {ZH$mcmOmVmh° VWmdmÓnZHo${cEZ_H$H$sä `m[a`moß _| gmYmaUQ>m|H$ 2 499 4 1,085 Z_H$n´m·H$aZo Ho${cEN>moãS>{X`mOmVmh°& ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.552-53

P:97

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 89 ΩcmgH$sn´m{flV`mß -Imoar(26°51' : 76°08'),{Z_moam(26°51' : ~rH$mZoa{Ocm 76°09'),^wO(26°59' : 76°02'),{MVm°ar(26°49' : 76°09'), _ãT>Ö j°{VO-gßÒV[aVg¢S>ÒQ>moZgo Ï`wÀn›Zg¢S>Ho$Am_mnZgo nVm Jw_mZnwam(26°45' : 76°09'),Yycm(26°50' : 76°12'),^mßH$ar(26°50' McVmh° {H$Bg_| 98.73- 99.19% SiO2 VWm0.23-0.89% Fe2O3 h°&Or : 76°24'),H$cmoVr(26°59' : 76°25'),VWmg°ZmoX(27°17' : 76°49') EgAmB© ¤mamAmH${cVn´gß^mÏ`{ZM`1.15{_{c`ZQ>Zh°& go ^r[anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°& ~y±Xr-H$moQ>m-gdmB© _mYmonwa{Oco ~mãS>_oa{Ocm VmamJãT> \\$moQ©> g¢S>ÒQ>moZ_| H$B© {g{cH$mg¢S> H$snmoHo$Q>≤gh°ß Omo {H$ Ωcmgg¢S>H$sn´m{·{edgo^r[anmoQ©>H$sJB©h°& _ßOmoam,_mohZnwa,nQ>moar,VWmJwZogarHo${ZH$Q> IZZH$sOmahrh°& OmoYnwa{Ocm MyU©ercnQ≤>Q>m| go n´m·{g{cH$mXy{Y`mg\\o$Xgo hÎH$snmßSw>-^yao aßJH$sh°& Ωcmgg¢S> Ho$A{V[aä V,π$mQ©>≤O^mH$[a`m| H$sãT>mUr({~cmãS>m Zmam°cr(26°08' : 76°22')VWmOmao (26°54' : 76°55')go ^rn´m{flV`mß Vhgrc)VWmqVdar(Amo{g`mß Vhgrc)_| ^r{_cVmh°&^mH$a`m| H$s [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h¢& T>mUr_| AZmd•Œmπ$mQ≤©>O{demcc¢gm| _| {_cVmh° VWm{dIß{S>Vn´H•${VH$m ~y±XrHo$8{H$_rCŒma_|,~mar{S>`mHo$g_rnn´_wIgr_m^´ßeAßMc_| h°&`hcmc-^yao Y„~m| go `wä Vh° VWmEH$n´mBdoQ>crOYmar¤mamIZZ ~yßXr{hcg¢S>ÒQ>moZHo$A›XaH$B© {g{cH$mg¢S>H$snm∞Ho$Q≤>gEdß c¢g_m°OyXh°& {H$`mOmahmh°& `h1.6{H$_rgo A{YH$H$sAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© _| {dÒV•Vh° {OgH$sMm°ãS>mB© Mm±Xr({gÎda) 200go 400_rQ>aHo$~rMh°ü &cJ^J1.18{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`AmH${cV {H$EJ`o h¢&Ωcmgg¢S>H$sA›`n´m{·`mß Hwß$S>rEdß Ir_mO(24°42'15'' : Mm±XrH$sH$s_V{d{Z_`_m‹`_hmoZo Am°aOoda{Z_m©U_| BgHo$ 70°01')go [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h°ß&Hwß$S>rHo${ZH$Q>,6-10_rQ>a_moQ>mg¢S>AßMcCn`moJgo h°&AmYw{ZH$dfm}ß _| C⁄moJm| _o BgH$mCn`moJVoOrgo ~ãT>mh°& ~y±Xr{hcg¢S>ÒQ>moZ_| {_cVmh°ü &`hg\\o$XaßJH$md`XmH$XmJwcm~rd^maV_| Mm±Xr,grgm-OÒVmVWmgmoZo Ho$IZZgo CnmoÀnmXZHo$Í$n_| n´m· cmcaßJV_|,gy˙_-H${UH$go _‹`H${UH$VWm{dacVmgo Jw{Q>H$m_`h°& H$sOmVrh°&1An´°c1994H$mo Mm±XrHo${ZM`VWmdf© AmH${cV{ZM`53{_{c`ZQ>Zh°&Ir_m_| g¢S>ÒQ>moZn´m`Ö g\\o$Xh° VWm 1992-93,1993-94VWm1994-95_| Mm±XrH$mCÀnmXZH´$_eÖ Bg_| Am°gVZ94.50% SiO2 d0.25% Fe2O3 h°& Vm{cH$m47d48_| {X`mJ`mh°&amOÒWmZ_| MmßXrH´$_eÖ CX`nwa, Q>m|H${Ocm amOg_›XVWm^rcdmãS>m{Ocm| Ho$Omda,amOnwam-Xar~mVWm^aH$joÃm| Ho$grgm-OÒVo Ho$A`ÒH$m| go gÂ~’h° VWmgrgo Ho$gmßX´ go (grgo Ho$n´JcZ {g{cH$mg¢S>{Zjon^oa(26°16' : 76°06' )VWm{gdmãS>(26°12' : Ho$Xm°amZ){ZÓH${f©VH$sOmVrh°& 76°02')Ho$g_rnnm`o OmVo h¢&^oa_| `h{Zjonπ$mQ≤©>OmBQ>go Omo H$ht-H$ht nagoar{g{Q>H$h°,gÂ~’h°&AmH${cV{ZM`6.05{_{c`ZQ>Zh°&{gdmãS> CX`nwa{Ocm joÃ_| π$mQ≤©>OmBQ>go gÂ~’{ZjonHo${ZM`2.89{_{c`ZQ>ZAmH${cV OmdajoÃ(24°17' : 73°41' )Ö grgm-OÒVo H$sOmdanQ≤>Q>rHo$ {H$`o J`o h¢&Aamdcrπ$mQ©≤>OmBQ>_| {g{cH$mg¢S>{ZdmB© Ho$g_rngo ^r _mo{M`m,~mc[a`mVWmOmda_mcmgoä eZm| _| Am°gVZ4%OÒVmVWm [anmoQ©>{H$`mJ`mh°&36.80{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`AmH${cV{H$EJ`o h¢&BZ_| 1.5%grgo Ho$gmWA^rVH$27{_{c`ZQ>ZA`ÒH${ZM`AmH${cV go 3.68{_{c`ZQ>ZMyU© erc{H$Ò_Ho$h¢ {Og_| ew’{g{cH$mCÀn›Z{H$EJ`oh¢&Bgn´H$ma,Omda{Zjongo4,05,000Q>ZgrgmCÀn›ZhmoZoH$s H$aZo H$sj_Vmh°& Amemh°&grgo Ho$gmßX´ go Mm±XrH$sCÀIZZAm°gVZ1{H$J´mn´{VQ>ZHo$ O°gc_oa{Ocm cJ^Jh°;{h›XwÒVmZqOH${c{_Qo>S>Ho$AZwgmaOmdajoÃgo 405Q>ZMm±Xr n´m·hmoZo H$sAmemh°& E_cOmRr>rÖ AcmmRa>rH$o¤gm_armn2O0m0±MdJm©{HJ$_`rmjÃo W\\$mc&_,|`eh’w gH\\$$o_XgS¢g>Òo Q>mHZo $S_>r amOg_›X{Ocm 1.5-2.5_rQ>aJhamB© VH$IZZ`mΩo `ΩcmggS¢ >_| {dK{Q>VhmVo mh&° gS¢ >H$m amOnwam-Xar~mjoÃ(24°57' : 74°08' : 24°58' : 74°08' )Ö {dÌcfo U92-95% SiO2, 1.2 3.99% Al2O3, 0.63-1.29% Fe2O3, amOnwam-Xar~mn´moÒnoä Q> Ho$Xar~m_°ZVWmXar~mB©ÒQ> cmoS>≤g_| ({eam 0.28% CaO Edß Mgo dTiO2 `äw Vhü¢&Bg{Zjno H$mCn`mJo Ωcmg~mVo c{Zjonm| _|)Mm±XrJ°coZm,Qo>Q¥>mhoS>amBQ>,Qo>ZZQ>mBQ>VWmnm`aoaJm`amBQ>Ho$ {Z_mU© H$o {cE{H$`mOmgH$Vmh&° ΩcmggS¢ >H$o 14.4{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`H$m ghM`© _| nm`rOmVrh°&doY{N>X´ Z_yZm| Ho${dÌcofU_| AmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh&° ΩcmggS¢ >{Zjno Xdo rH$mQo >dnmR>c_|^r{_cVoh&¢ 100-2000nrnrE_Mm±XrH$mnVmMcmh°&AmJo,Pb-Cu Ho$gmßX´m| _|

P:98

90 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m46Ö {g{cH$maoVH$mCÀnmXZ n[ad{V©VhmoVrh°&{g{cH$m_`_•Xm(_| 80%VH$){g{cH$mh° VWm (Q>Zm| _|) {\\$ÎQ>g© dCÉ VmnghB™Q>m| Ho${Z_m©UHo${cECn`wä Vh°&BgjoÃ_| Hw$c 1992-93 1993-94 AmH${cV{ZM`,Omo {H$Amß{eH$Vm°anaO°gc_oad~mãS>_oa_| AmVo h¢,10 IXmZm| _mÃm IXmZm| _mÃm {_{c`ZQ>Zh¢,CZ_|go1.2{_{c`ZQ>ZO°gc_oa{Oco_|_mnoJ`oh¢& H$sgߪ`m H$sgߪ`m ^maV 254 208,463 23819,02,455 {g{cH$m_`_•XmHo${Zjon{_Q≤>Q>rH$mJmoc(0.33{_{c`ZQ>Z amOÒWmZ60 212,074 57 199,755 74.32%{g{cH$mHo$gmW)^moamga(74.40% SiO2 g{hV0.66 Acda 1 719 1 2,175 {_{c`ZQ>Z),OmQ>m| H$sãT>mUr(72.0% SiO2 g{hV0.35{_{c`ZQ>Z), ~mãS>_oa 2 1,654 2 2,019 VWm~mar`mam(76.28% SiO2 g{hV0.10{_{c`ZQ>Z)go ^rkmVh°& ^aVnwa 12 20,731 10 9,114 ^rcdmãS>m 1 1,837 1 380 ÒQ>rEoQ>mBQ> 25 ~rH$mZoa 1 51 1 ~y±Xr 1 3,061 1 22,021 Ï`mnma_| VrZZm_AWm©V≤ ÒQ>rEoQ>mBQ>,Q>mÎH$VWmgmonÒQ>moZ_°ærÌ`_ Xm°gm 3 10,803 4 13,340Ho$Ocr`{gcrHo$Q>Ho${c`o Cn`moJ_| {bEOmVo h¢&R>mogdÒWycQ>mÎH$H$s O`nwa 15 105,662 12 99,709 ew’Va{H$Ò_ÒQ>rEoQ>mBQ>h°& O°gc_oa 2 6,852 1 5,841 gdmB©_mYmonwa15 26,279 17 40,133 ^maV_| amOÒWmZgmonÒQ>moZH$mn´_wICÀnmXH$h°&amOÒWmZ_| grH$a 4 1,053 3 6106.3{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`m| Ho$gmW,^maVHo$g^r{H$Ò_m| Ho$Hw$c Q>m|H$ 3 6,372 4 4,388{ZM`m| H$m41%{hÒgmh°&`hXoeH$cJ^J86%CÀnmXZH$aVm ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.556-57 h°&gmonÒQ>moZH$sn´m±{·`m± O`nwa,^rcdmãS>m,Xm°gm,gdmB© _mYmonwa, 24.6% Cu VWm63.49% Pb (70.5% Cu VWm92.2% Pb H$sIZZCX`nwa,Syß>JanwaVWm~m±gdmãS>m{Ocm| go [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h¢& g{hV)H$mAm_mnZh˛AmVWmCu ‡m·gmßX´m| _| 766J´m_Mm±Xrn´{VQ>ZH$m Vm{cH$m47Ö {gÎdaHo$CÀnmXZ`moΩ`{ZM` Am_mnZnm`mJ`m&Bggo nVmMcVmh° {H$Mm±XrH$sn´m{·AmYmaYmVw A`ÒH$m| go EH$_hÀdnyU© VWmH$s_VrCnmoÀnmXZHo$Í$n_| H$sOmgH$Vrh°& (01.04.1994H$m) `hmß VH${H$H$ÎnZmH$ac| {H$A`ÒH$_| Ag (Mm±Xr)H$s_mÃm90J´m_/Q>Z n´_m{UV n´gß^mÏ`gß^mdr Hw$c Mh°mV±Xmro aCmOÀnn›waZm-hXmaoZro~Hm$s{ZAjmoneHmo$hn° ´_Am{mU°aVBgdHno$´gAß^{mVÏ`[aä {ZVM2`4m|3g0o 2Q2>Z50MmQ±X>Zr ^maV gß^m{dV{ZM`m| go CÀn›ZhmoZo H$sgß^mdZmh°& A`ÒH$(E_Q>r)48.77 56.7633.62 139.16 {g{cH$m_`{_Q≤>Q>r YmVw(Q>r) 1,561.90941.201,046.103,549.20 ({gcr{g`gAW©)_•Xm amOÒWmZ H$mco mBS>r{g{cH$mEdß A›`{g{cH$m_`nXmWm] go ~Zr{g{cH$m_` A`ÒH$(E_Q>r)44.35 53.2731.41 129.05 AW© _| _ªw `VÖ 69.81% SiO2 VWm4.12% Al2O3 dAÎn_mÃm_| CaO, YmVw(Q>r) 1,517.00914.00958.003,389.00 MgO VWmcmh° Amä∞ gmBS>h&° `hg_mJß r,gaß Yr´ ,AmgmZrgoQ>yQ>ZodmcrVWm ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.556-57 hÎH$o dOZdmcrh&° Bg_| CÉ Ademfo Uj_Vmh&° BgH$m_ªw `Cn`mJo {\\$ÎQ>g© ({ZÒnXß Z`Ãß m)| VWmCÉ Vmngh{g{cH$mBQ™ >m| H$o {Z_mU© _| hmVo mh&° Vm{cH$m48Ö EoÒ~oÒQ>m∞gH$mCÀnmXZ {g{cH$m_`_{• ŒmH$mH$snm´ {flV`m±~mSã >_ao dOg° c_ao {Ocm|gokmVh&° ({H$J´m_|) ~mãS>_oa-O°gc_oa{Oco am¡`/{Ocm 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 {g{cH$m_`-_•XmXmo nVco gßÒVam| _|,Omo {H$nmÌdm] _| VWmD$‹dm©Ya_| ^maV 45,560 56,096 45,911 ~o›Q>moZmBQ>_oß n[ad{V©Vhmo OmVrh°,Ym[adr,IwX©,_ßS>B©,AH$crVWmgOrVamOÒWmZ 25,170 30,536 15,072 {Z_cm_| {_cVrh°&BZgßÒVam| H$s_moQ>mB© 0.15go 1.45_rQ>aHo$~rMÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.581

P:99

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 91 O`nwa-Xm°gm{Oco {Q>Z n´_wI{ZjonS>moJoWm-PaZm(27°07' : 76°16')VWmJrOJãT> {Q>ZAnZo Am∞ä gmBS>H°$grQo>amBQ>go n´m·{H$`mOmVmh°&{Q>ZYmVw H$m (26°50' : 76°35' )_| pÒWVh°&S>moJoWm-PaZm{Zjon{XÎbr_hmg_yhHo$ Ï`mnH$Cn`moJ{_lYmVwAmoß _| VWmamgm`{ZH$C⁄moJm| _| hmoVmh°&{Q>Z am`cmo g_yhH$sS>mocmo_mBQ> d~o{gH$AßVd}{Y`m| go gÂ~’h°&Q>mÎH$ Am∞ä gmBS>H$mCn`moJ_m~©cdJ´oZmBQ>Ho$nm{ceH$aZo dmco nXmW© Ho$Í$n_| {eamAm|Ho$Í$n_|,ÒWyc{H$Ò_H$sgßHo${X´VnmHo$Q≤>g_|VrZAßMcm|_|VWm1hmoVmh°&^maV_| IZZ`moΩ`{Q>ZHo${Zjon_m°OyXZhth¢ VWmgßnyU© OÍ$aV go 6_rQ>a_moQ>mB© _| {_cVmh°&BgjoÃ_| 0.25{_{c`ZQ>ZAZw_m{ZVAm`mVgo nyarhmoVrh°&amOÒWmZ_|,^rcdmãS>m{Ocm_| {Q>ZH$m{Zjon {ZM`m| Ho${_cZo H$sgyMZmh°& {_cZo H$sgß^mdZmh°& ^rcdmãS>m{Ocm ^rcdmãS>m{Ocm n´_wI{ZjonJo`w[a`m(26°26' : 75°03' )VWmM°Znwam(25°28' : A`ÒH$H$sn´m{·nmamocr(25°15' : 74°55' )joÃgo kmVh°,{OgH$s 75°06')_| pÒWVh°&^mZnwamIoãS>m(25°26' : 75°04')go ^rn´m{·`mß Om±MAmB© ~rE_¤mamH$sJB© VWmH$m\\$sAmemOZH$nm`mJ`m& [anmoQ©>H$sJB© h¢& OmohZm{gcrjoÃ_|,{Q>Z-dmhH${eam{Zjon1.6{H$_rAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© _| J°[a`mVWmM°Znwam_| Q>mÎH$^rcdmãS>m_hmg_yhHo$OhmOnwa VWmZ_Z{Xem_| 12go 19_rQ>aH$sJhamB© VH$H$snw{Ô>h˛B© h°&A{Z`{_V AmH•${VEdß AmH$maHo${eam{Zjonm| _| Am°gVZ0.25%{Q>ZYmVw H$m S>mocmo_mBQ>_| n[agr{_Vh°& Am_mnZh˛Amh°& gdmB©_mYmonwa{Ocm Qß>JÒQ>Z 7ä(J26dãT6°>mrQ4°≤©>QO45(°>Î8'm2)BH'6:,Q7$°>H64_{$°Z_8|4j{'ce8onn':a)wamAmYg7(mm6o2d| °[V6Va4Wn°m74mm'oQ)8(c©>,2{:°g6H°$nm7E|,4wa68m{J°O'4`(Z6:o2H)h6$,¢&s°7a4_Bm68OmZ°oQ'm4m°c{>B4Z:©r'j0(7.)on256,m6|°°g_4X4oo8d| 82Q'Z)'>0mÎ: (H_V72$rW6Q6/>ma°°44hQ88_°>°,Î''m)Hoa_,:m$| Ò{flYdbQm⁄>VroQcw>wVmV|QE-gWß>JdAomÒ^ßQ{gmdr>Z°O°{HeZm$gaHRofmm>$|m_noa_`,´H[|ßÃaH$^Hmma$|$rmHH_Co$C$n{hmnZB`À`_dÒmmoJmnoJ©UHm{V$HSHs$~¥>co$sYZ{Omc{mV~ZmEwVQoh_>rA°&(| Vhd{BWZ°&oYgdmQZH_mß>J`${em~Ò© hQCrQZ°&>Zn>)``Q,Hy>ÎhmHoJ$gm${~mdQC(m>Z{©BÉ`^So ±Ãd›>-,Zmm|)cJHn,{o$V´H`Re$>ßÃmmÒo{aam_ÃV| HHl-_oo$$ {_cVmh°&Q°>ÎH$,{d{N>›ZEdß eÎH$s,n´m`Ö nrcm-hao go h[aV-g\\o$XaßJ{Z_m©U_| hmoVmh°&^maV_| Qß>JÒQ>ZdwÎ\\´o$_mBQ>H$sn´m{·`mß ZJ `h¢ü &XoeH$m H$mh°&BZ{Zjonm| go 0.01{_{c`ZQ>Z{ZM`AmH${cV{H$EJ`o h¢& gdm}Œm_{ZjonamOÒWmZHo$So>JmZm(26°50' : 74°20' )_| h°&AmYw{ZH$ CX`nwa-Syß>Janwa{Oco dfm}ß _| Qß>JÒQ>ZHo$Hw$c{ZM`~Zm_CÀnmXZH$mgß{j·{ddaUVm{cH$m49 Q°>ÎH${Zjon/n´m{·`m± [aI~^XodA{V~o{gH$nQ≤>Q>rgo gÂ~’h° Q°>ÎH$ d50_| {X`mJ`mh°& Ho$_hÀdnyU© {Zjon/n´m{·`m± D±$S>rWc(24°35' : 73°29' ),amR>m°ãS>H$mJwãT>m ZmJm°a{Ocm (24°43' : 73°34' ),~mßgam(24°44' : 73°35' ),AmoãS>(24°22' : So>JmZm{ZjonÖ `h{ZjonSo>JmZmaobdo ÒQo>eZHo$cJ^J4{H$_rCŒma 73°47'),Xodnwam(24°18' : 73°47' ),nmS>cm(24°19' : 73°46 ), npÌM__| aodV(26°54' : 76°19' )Ho${ZH$Q> pÒWVh°&Qß>JÒQ>Z nmagmocm(23°57' : 74°23' ),^wßJmnQ>(23°56' : 74°21'),^maIwßS>r (23°58' : 78°19' ),Jwamcr(24°38' : 73°48'),ZoJar`m(24°43' : Vm{cH$m49Ö Qß>JÒQ>ZA`ÒH$Ho$IZZ`moΩ`{ZM` 73°48')VWmZmWZdmg(24°55' : 73°50' )_| h°&nm`amo{\\$cmBQ>Z`m (01.04.93H$mo) Jmah˛ (24°34' : 73°37'),JmoamM(24°48' : 73°40' ),gmoZ°`am n´_m{UVn´gß^mÏ`gß^mdr Hw$c (24°44' : 73°41' ),~mar(24°36' : 73°38' ),~´mh≤_UH$mdacm ^maV (24°39' : 73°37')VmWmam_m(24°44' : 73°41')_| Cnc„Yh°& A`ÒH$(E_Q>r)3.0424.575 18.250 25.867 WO3 (Q>r) 6,1303,424.567,765.477,319.9 Q°>ÎH$dnm`amo{\\$cmBQ>n´m`Ö nmßSw>-hao go h[aVg\\o$XaßJHo$,{d{N>›ZamOÒWmZ ({dM{cV)Edß eÎH$sh¢&BZ{Zjonm| go Q°>ÎH$Ho$0.05gy{MV{ZM` A`ÒH$(E_Q>r)- 0.722 12.66 73.393 AmH${cV{H$EJ`o h¢&nm`amo{\\$cmBQ>Ho${Zjnm| Ho${ZM`0.22{_{c`Z WO3 (Q>r)- 924.4 58.50259,426.4 Q>ZAmH${cV{H$`o J`o h¢& ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.603

P:100

92 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Vm{cH$m50Ö Qß>JÒQ>ZgmßX´VmH$mCÀnmXZ CX`dm[a`m{ZjonÖ ercmBQ>-dmhH$JmaZoQ>-nm`amoä brZÒH$mZ©g (Q>Zm| _|) _| 2{H$_rgo A{YH$H$sAZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© _| E›S>`ycogmBQ>-dmhr 1992-93 1993-94 _mBH$m{eÒQ>_| AßVd}ergßÒVam| H$mÍ$n_| {_cVmh°&n´À`oH$ÒH$mZ© H$s IXmZm| H$sgߪ`m _mÃm IXmZm| H$sgߪ`m _mÃm cÂ~mB© n[ad{V©VhmoVrh° VWm300_rQ>aVH$nh˛±MVrh° Am°aMm°ãS>mB© Hw$No>H$ ^maV 2 5,188 2 5,247 go_rgo 4_rQ>ago A{YH$VH$nhw±MVrh°&I{ZOr^dZ65_rQ>aH$sJhamB© amOÒWmZ 2 5,188 2 5,247 VH${_cVmh°&AßMc-dma{ddaUZrMoVm{cH$m51_|{XEJ`oh¢& ZmJm°a 1 3,434 1 5,209 AO_oa-nmcr{Oco {gamohr 1 1,754 1 38 ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.604 {ecmBQ>(Q>ßJÒQ>Z)dmhH$cg¢ nmcr{Oco _| ~aVWmnmS>acm_| Edß AO_ao {Oco_|gX| Sã >m-~m~ajÃo m|_|nm`oJ`oh¢OhmßnaA›dfo UH$m`©Omarh&° I{ZOr^dZJ´oZmBQ> π$mQ≤©>O{eamAm| _| AnÍ$nUAßMcdwÎ\\´o$_mBQ> Ho$ AcZrdmg-god[a`mjoÃÖ Qß>JÒQ>ZI{ZOr^dZH$mn´{V{Z{YÀd n´H$sU©Z_| Omo {H$J´oZmBQ>d{\\$cmBQ>H$mo AmanmaH$mQ>Vo h¢,Ho$Í$n_| {_cVm _wª`VÖ dwÎ\\´o$_mBQ>dJm°U_mÃm_| ercmBQ>¤mam{H$`mJ`mh° Omo {H$J´oZmBQ> h° VWmn´mW{_H$A`ÒH$dmhH$nhmãS>rHo$Mmam| AmoaOcmoãT>J´odc_| ^rnm`m Ho$A›Xagdo[a`mJ´oZmBQ> VWm_oQ>mAmOucmBQ> Ho$gßÒne© napÒWVh°& OmVmh°&J´odÎg_| dwÎ\\´o$_mBQ>n[adV©Zr`_mÃm_| {_cVmh°& Am{VWo`{ecmE±AnÍ${nV/AZ-AnÍ$n{VdJ´mBOoZmB¡S>h¢ü & 0.06 - 0.1% WO3 Ho$gmWg_•’OmoZdwÎ\\´$m_dmhH${eamAm| Ho$ nrn{c`mn´mÒnoä Q>Ö I{ZOr^dZ,ä dmQ©≤>OVWmD$ÓUmdmÓnr` EH$X_ZXOrH$sN>moQo>OcmoãT>\\°$Z_| n[agr{_Vh°&co{H$ZnadŒmun´H$sU©ZHo$ π$mQ©>≤O{eamAm| Ho$Am{VWo`_|,AZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© VWmgßH$ãS>rMm°ãS>mB© _| ^r ¤mamBgH$mo g_rndŒmujoÃm| _| ^r\\°$cm{X`mh°&So>JmZm{ZjonH$mA›dofUAgVVÍ$n_| {d{N>›Zh°&nrn{c`mCŒmar„cmH$_| dwÎ\\´o$_mBQ>I{ZOr^dZ Or.Eg.AmB©,S>r.E_.Or.Ama.,VWmAmB©.~r.E_.¤mam{H$`mJ`mh°& 600_rQ>ago A{YH$H$scÂ~mB© VWm2.8_rQ>aH$sMm°ãS>mB© _| {dÒV•Vh° d 65% WO3 gmßX´ Ho$gmW3440Q>ZA`ÒH${ZM`m| H$mAmH$cZ{eam-J´oS>0.16% WO3 h° O~{H$X{jUr„cm∞H$_| AZwX°‹`© cÂ~mB© 400_rQ>ago {Zjonm| VWmJ´o~c-{ZjondcKw{eamOmbm| go AmH$cZ{H$`mJ`mh°&ImZm| A{YH$VWmMm°ãS>mB©0.85_rQ>aEdßJ´oS>0.11% WO3 h°& H$mgßMmcZS>rE_OrAma¤mam{H$`mOmVmh° VWmCÀnm{XVQß>JÒQ>ZgmßX´ nrn{c`mJm±dÖ I{ZOr^dZA{Z`{_Vh°&Xem©Zw_m{ZVJ´oS>0.1 - H$majm{d^mJH$mo gflbmB© {H$`mOmVmh°& 0.5% WO3 h°& {gamohr{Ocm _mQo >`rAmnm´ Òo näo Q>Ö A`ÒH${n S>C.C.ny -X.X.n.A{^_Iw rVWm {gamohr{Oco _| `h{Zjondf© 1978_| ~mÎXm(24°53' : 72°54')_| gr{_VAZXw ‹° `©cÂ~mB©dgHß $arMmSã° >mB©g{hVcg¢ mH$manH´ $• {VH$mh&° dYo {N>X´ nm`mJ`mWm&I{ZOr^dZ{XÎbr_hmg_yhrHo${gamohrg_yhH$sä dmQ≤©>O_| n{´ V¿N>o{XVI{ZOr^dZ1.25_rQ>ago A{YH$H$sXay r_| 0.12%WO3 _mBH$m{eÒQ>VWmE[aZnwamJ´oZmBQ>/ZmBg_| AßVd}YrAÎndUu~mÎXm VWm5.1_rQ>aMmSã° >o jÃo _|1.18%WO3 H$s_mÃmH$o gHß $o V{_coh&¢ J´oZmBQ>_| n[agr{_Vh°&Qß>JÒQ>ZI{ZOZcmoamBQ>I{ZOZgo ^rgÂ~’h° `yao{Z`_ Edß A{Z`{_Vn´H•${VH$mh° VWmä dmQ©>≤O{eamAm| _| Omo {H$2.5{H$_r0.5 {d_Jc© {VHm$_hr°&joÃ\\$c_| \\°$crh°;n•WH≤${H´$ÒQ>cdnVcr{e[aH$mAm| Ho$Í$n_| emß{V`Hya$mo{cZ`X_moZnm|a__|_mUhdÀdr`nyUD©$ÒOWmm© ZHo$aI{cVErhE°&H$_yÎ`dmZYmVw h° VWm`w’d Vm{cH$m51Ö CXdm[a`mQß>JÒQ>Z{ZjonHo${ZM` grH$a{Ocm OmoZAZwX°‹`© Am°gVWO3% {ZM` OrEgAmB© ¤mamIßSo>cm(27°35' : 75°30' )VWmKmQo>Ìda(27°55' cÂ~mB© (_r)Mm°ãS>mB© (_r) : 76°00')joÃm| _| {H$EJ`o A›dofUm| go ~h˛Vgo _‹`_ao{S>`moY_uAßMcm| D 230 2.13 0.2110_rQ>aH$sJhamB©VH$ H$mπ$mQ>≤©O-~m`moQ>mBQ>{eÒQ>_| Omo {H$Yr_o-Yr_o _mBH$m`wä Vπ$mQ©≤>OmBQ>, ~m`moQ>mBQ>-ä bmoamBQ>{eÒQ>,EncmBQ>{ecmAm|,\\°$ÎÒ\\o${WH${eÒQ>VWm {ecmB©Q>gmßX´ Ho$ 65%WO3Ho$gmW39Q>Z π$mQ≤©>O-Qy>a_ocrZ{eamAm| _| n[ad{V©Vhmo ahrh°&`yao{Z`_-dmhrAßMcm| _| E 300 1.25 0.05- 0.04-0.11U3O8 H$s_mÃm_m°OyXh°&I{ZOrH•$VAßMc_| _mcr~So>Z_ C 70 3.50 0.07- VWmVm_´ Ho$A`ÒH$_m°OyXh¢&`yao{Z`_A`ÒH$m| H$sn´m{·`m± ^rcdmãS>mVWm ÚmoVÖ Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$1996,dmc.2,1998n•.615 CX`nwaHo$~h˛Vgo ÒWmZm| _| ^r{_cVrh°&

P:101

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P:102

M`{ZVgßX{^©H$m({gcopä Q>S>{~~{c`moJ´m\\$s) (^mJA)n´H$meZ Ah_X,Q>rE S>V>maZo,Oo,1994.{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rE S>noQ>amoOoZo{ggAm∞\\$coQ>Am{H©$`Z {S>Ho$S≤>gAm∞\\$S>docon_o›Q≤>gBZnoQ¥>mocmoOr,{_ZaocmoOrE S>noQ¥>moHo${_ÒQ¥>rBZ AamdcrdmÎHo${Zä g,~og_o›Q> EZä boÏgE S> J´oZrQ>m`S≤>gamOÒWmZ.O. Bß{S>`m.Ònoecnp„cHo$eZ.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.12Ö 199-205. n´rH°$Â~´r`Z[ag.65.Ö 1-23. _________,1987.ÒQo>{Q>pÒQ>H$cH$ÂnoarOZ{~Q>drZ_cmZram`mocmBQ>E S>Omcm°a J´oZmBQ>Am∞\\$X_cmZrBær`ggyQ>,doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. EZZ,1982.n´m„cÂgAm∞\\$XSo>OQ©> BZBß{S>`m.n´mogrqS>ΩgAm∞\\$XdH©$emn(O`nwa, 113(7)Ö 33-40. {gVÂ~a16-18,1975){_g.np„cHo$eZ,{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.49Ö 402. _________, 1982.Eä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$nmoQ>meBZamOÒWmZBß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg, _________,1991.J´oZrQ>m`S≤>gAm∞\\$_cmZrBær`gH$mÂncoä g,doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ. {O`moc.gd©.BßS>.36(4)Ö 1-5. B›S>.Oo.AW©gmBß.18(3-4)Ö 184-194. _________, 1984X\\$moW© B›Q>aZoeZc\\$sÎS>dH©$emnE S>go{_ZmaAm∞Z\\$mÒ\\$moamBQ> _________,1995.coQ> n´moQo>amoOmoBH$H$m›Q>rZo›Q>cJ´moWÖ BÂncrHo$eZ\\´$mo_ (AmB© Or,gr.nr.n´moOoä Q>156,CX`nwa,ZdÂ~a25-27,1981,amOÒWmZ, {O`moH°${_ÒQ¥>rAm∞\\$E{gS> _°Ω_o{Q>H$B©do›Q>≤gAm∞\\$doÒQ>Z© Bp›S>`ZH´o$Q>m∞Z, Bß{S>`m)Ònoecnp„cHo$eZ.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.17Ö 210. amOÒWmZ._o_.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.34Ö 339-355. Am∞S>Z,Oo.~r.,1950.B›Q¥>moS>ä Q>ar[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXJ´mC›S> dmQ>a[agmog© Am∞\\$doÒQ>Z© _________, 2001,{O`mocmoOrE S>{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rAm∞\\$X_°Ω_o{Q>H$amä gAm∞\\$X amOÒWmZ.~wc.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.gma.~r.1Ö 1-59. _cmZrBær`ggyQ>E S>Q>aearEÎHo$cmBZn´mo{d›gAm∞\\$doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ._o_. ~hc,S>r.nr.E S> {g’rH$s,EM.EZ.1961.~o›Q>moZmBQ> {S>nmo{OQ≤>gBZXAH$cr- {O`mocgd©.B›S>.126. WwÂ~cr-{JacE[a`m,{edVhgrc,~mãS>_oa{Ocm,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z „c°Z\\$moS©>,S>„cy.S>r.,1877.{O`mocmo{OH$cZmoQ≤>gAm∞ZXJ´oQ>Bß{S>`ZSo>OQ©>{~Q>drZqgY {_ZaÎg,{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.15(3). E S>amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.10(1) ~mH$crdmc,nr.gr.E S>adr›X´m,Ama.1982.Qo>ä Q>m{ZH$ÒQ>m`cAm∞\\$AcdaJ´wnAm∞\\$ am∞ä gBZnhc-_ S>mdaE[a`m,Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ[aH$.{O`moc. ~mog.`y.,1982._moS>Am∞\\$EÂncog_o›Q>Am∞\\$noΩ_oQ>mBQ≤>gBZX~wH$mamE[a`mAm∞\\$ZmW© - B©ÒQ>Z©amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.112(7)Ö 72-82. gd©.BßS>.112(7)Ö 83-88. _________,1987.Bnm{H©$`ZAZH$›\\${_©Q>rBZcmcgmoQ>{hÎg,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, E S>e_m©,E.Ho$.1992.XdmÎHo$Zmo -goS>r_o›Q>arEgmo{g`oeZAm∞\\$X n´r-H°$pÂ~´`ZqhS>mocrgwnamH´$ÒQ>ÎgBZgmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.O.{O`moc. amOÒWmZ-E{S>Òä eZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.113(7)Ö 3-6. gmog.B›S>.40Ö 359-369. _________, E S>am_mgm_r,Eg.E_.,1987.{c›`m_o›Q>\\o${~´H$Am∞\\$amOÒWmZ E S>JwOamV,Bß{S>`m.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.113(7)Ö 54-64. Mm›S>H$,Or.Oo E S>gaH$ma,Eg.Ho$.1980.~og_oQ>c{_ZaocmBOoeZBZXn´rH°$pÂ~´`Z amä gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZE S>JwOamVÒQo>Q≤>g,Bß{S>`m-E›dm`a_o›Q>cH$m›goflQ≤>g ~mÎ_r{H$n´gmX,1975.cmoda{d›‹`Z\\$ma_oe›gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ,[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>. E S>An´oOc.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.34(3)Ö 12-27. 106(1)Ö 31Ö 53 M›X´goH$aZ,dr.,lrdmÒVd,Ama.Ho$.E S>MmdSo>,E_.nr.,1990.{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rAm∞\\$ _________, 1982.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$n´r-Aamdcr\\$ma_oe›g,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{Ocm, EÎHo$cmBZamä gAm∞\\$gaZy S>›S>mcrE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>~mãS>_oa,amOÒWmZ.O. amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.112(7)Ö 26-45. {O`moc.gmog.B›S>.36Ö 365-382. _________,1984.{O`mocmoOr,goS>r_o›Qo>eZE S>no{c`mo{O`moJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$X{d›‹`Z MQ>≤Q>mno m‹`m`,~r.,MQ>≤Q>mno m‹`m`,Eg.E S>~mnZm,dr.Eg.1987.XC›VmcmJZo´ mBQ>Am\\∞ $ gwnaJ´wn,gmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ._o_.,{O`moc,gd©.BßS>116(1). amOÒWmZ-EZAmdaÏ`.y B{ß S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.41Ö 9-18. ~°ZOu,E.Ho$.1975.Qo>ä Q>mo{Zä gE S>AmoacmoHo$cmBOoeZBZZmW© -B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ, _________,_________ E S>_________,1988.XZodm{Z`mflbyQ>moZ,E Bß{S>`m.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.29(4). n´moQo>amoOmoBH$H$m~m}ZoQ>mBQ>BZEZAm{H©$`ZE›docn-En´r{c_oZarÒQ>S>r.BZÖ _________,(EoS>r>.),1980.{O`mocmoOrE S> {_Zac[agmog}gAm∞\\$Acda E.~r.am∞`(ES>.)n´rH°$Â~´r`ZAm∞\\$XAamdcr_mC›Qo>Zao›O,amOÒWmZ._o_. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ._o_.{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.110Ö 137. {O`moc.gmog.B›S>.7Ö 341-350. ^Q≤>Q>mMmOu,Oo.,JmocmZr,nr.Ama.E S>aoS≤>S>r,E.~r.1983.[a‚Q>-[acoQ>oS>~mB© _m∞S>cMQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,Or.Eg.1982.goS>r_o›Q>≤gAm∞\\$arda_o›YmEZES>{_ä MaAm∞\\$h≤`y{_S> E S>E[aS>BnmoH$[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.112(7)Ö 11-14. dmÎHo${Z¡_E S>_°Qo>cmoOZrBZX{XÑ r\\$moÎS>~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZE S>JwOamV. BßS>.Oo.60Ö 191-199. _________,1984.h≤`y_ZB›\\$cyE›gAmZä bmB_o{Q>H$E›dm`aZ_o›Q> E S> ^yfU.Eg.Ho$.1984.ä bmgr{\\$Ho$eZAm∞\\$X_cmZrBær`ggyQ>.{gÂnmo{O`_Am∞ZW´r hmBS¥>mocmo{OH$c[aOr_Am∞\\$_o›YmH°$M_o›Q>E[a`m,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg 94

P:103

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 95 {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.38(3)54-58. \\$a_moa,Ec.Ec.,1905.EZAZ`yOAc\\$m∞_© Am∞\\${gcoZmBQ>\\´$m∞_XnMnXamgmÎQ> Mm°YarE.Ho$.JmonmcZ,Ho$.E S>emÒÃr,gr.E.1984.n´oOo›Q>ÒQo>Q≤>gAm∞\\${O`moH´$moZmocmoOr gmog©,OmoYnwa,amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.32(3). Am∞\\$Xn´rH°$Â~´r`Zamä gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ.Qo>ä Q>moZmo{\\${Oä g.105Ö 131- _________,1908.E.{~Qw>{_ZgcmB_ÒQ>moZ\\´$m∞_X{d›Y`ZgrarO,OmoYnwaÒQo>Q>. 140. [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.36(2). {H´$ÒQ>r,S>„cy E.Ho$.1914.EH$m~m}Zo{e`gEoamocmBQ>\\´$m_amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©. _________, 1924.ZmoQ>Am∞ZX\\$mcAm∞\\$W´r{_Q>`mo[aH$Am`a›gBZamOnwVmZm B›S>.44(1). Am∞ZX20Or,_B©,1921.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.55(4). Hy$cgZ,E.Ec.1928.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$~y±XrEÒQo>Q>,amOnwVmZm[aH$.{O`moc.gd©. _________, 1930.Am∞ZXEOAm∞\\$XAamdcrao›O.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S> B›S>.60(2). 62(4). _________, 1930.AmZEQ>mBQo>Zr\\o$agAJmB©Q> \\´$m_M›X´mdVr,{gamohrÒQo>Q>, Jm±Yr,Eg.E_.,nmcrdmc,EM.~r.E S>^Q>ZmJa,Eg.EZ.,1984.{O`mocmoOrE S> amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.63(4). Amoa[aOd© EÒQ>r_oQ≤>gAm∞\\$am_nwam-AJwMmqOH$-c°S>{S>nmo{OQ>,^rcdmãS>m _________, 1932.AmZXOmoqZJE S> {S>\\$ao›gBZH$ÂnmoOreZAm∞\\${Q≤>dßS> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.25Ö 689-705. flco{O`moä bog\\o$ÎS>Ònmg© BZgQ©o>Zamä g\\´$m_{gamohrÒQo>Q>,amOnwVmZm.[aH$. JßJmonm‹`m`,nr.Ho$.E S>cm{hãS>r,E.,1984.AW©gH´$ÒQ>E S>XB©dmoÎ`yeZAm∞\\$X{XÑ r {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.65(1). gwnaJ´wnBZgo›Q¥>camOÒWmZ.n´mog.go{_ZmaAm∞ZH´$ÒQ>cB©dmoÎ`yeZAm∞\\$X _________, 1932.XEÎ~mBQ>Ecm\"~r'{Q>âqZJAm\\∞ $flb{o O`mäo bgo \\$o ÎS>ÒnmaBZgQ>o©Z Bß{S>`ZerÎS>E S>BQ≤>g~r`[a®JAmZ_oQo>cmoOZr.BßS>.O.AW© gmB.92- E{g{S>H$amä g\\$´ m_{gamho rÒQ>oQ>,amOnVw mZm.[aH$.{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.65(1). 112. _________, 1933.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\${gamohrÒQo>Q>amOnwVmZm._o_.{O`moc.gd©. JßJmonm‹`m`,Eg.1980.EZmoQ> AmZXÒQ¥>ä Mac{hÒQ>arAm∞Zam_nwam_m~©cE S> Egmo{gE{Q>S> amä g,gXZ© nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> B›S>.63(1)Ö 1-166. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.34(2)Ö 62-66. H´$m\\$S©>,E.Ama.1970.Xrn´rH°$Â~´r`Z{O`moH´$moZmocmoOrAm∞\\$amOÒWmZE S>~w›XocIßS>, _________, 1987.ZmoQ> Am∞ZXnoQ¥>mocmoOrEdß {O`mocmo{OH$cgoqQ>JAm∞\\$X ZmX©ZBß{S>`m.H°$Zo{S>`ZO.AW©.gmB.125Ö 91-110. gcmXrnwamJ´oZmBQ>BZXgXZ© nmQ©>Am∞\\$XIoVãS>rH$mna~oÎQ>,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> H´w$H$eo›H$,EM.1938.Xo doÒQ>Z© _m{O©ZAm∞\\$XB©ÒQ>Z© KmQ≤>gBZgXZ© Oo`nmoa[aH$.{O`moc. amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.113(7)Ö 33-40. gd©.B›S>.73(3). JR>m{Z`m,Ama.gr.,MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,E.Ho$.,e_m©,~r.A_oQ>m,Eg.Eg.E S>Kmogmc,E. _________, 1947.Eo_aoÎS>≤gBZ_odmãS> Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. Ho$.,1995.AHo$ao›gAm∞\\$AÎQ¥>m_o{\\$ä gAm∞\\$H$mo_o{Q>{Q>H$E\\$s{ZQ>rBZX 1(1). [aI^Xod-Sy±>Janwa~oÎQ>,CX`nwaE S> Syß>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZO. _________,1947.Omda{gÎda-c°S>-qOH$_mB›gBß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©. {O`moc.gmog.B S>.46Ö 585-594. B›S>.1(1). Kmof,nr.Ho$.,1932.Amocr{dZ-~ogmÎQ>E S>~o{gH$Qw>‚gBZX_cmZrgrarOEQ>OmoYnwa. XmgJw·m,Eg.Ho$.,1975.E[adrOZAm∞\\$X{_gmoOmoBH$-Q>aearÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$X [aH$.{O`moc.gd© B›S>.65(4). O°gc_oa~o{gZ,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z'O.AW©.gmB.2(1)Ö 77-94. _________, 1933.XQ>mÎH$-gano›Q>rZ-ä bmoamBQ>am∞ä gAm∞\\$gmCXZ© _odmãS>E S> XmgJw·m,Eg.nr.,1968.XÒQ¥>ä Mac{hÒQ>arAm∞\\$XIoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß E S> Sy±>Janwa.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.66(4). grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ._o_.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.98Ö 1-170. _________, 1935.XnmoQ>meH$›Qo>›Q>Am∞\\$aoÌVm,gmß^agmÎQ>coH$,amOÒWmZ.[aH$. Xmgga_m,S>r.gr.,1988.nmoÒQ>-AmoamoOo{ZH${S>\\$ma_oeZAm∞\\$Xn´rH°$Â~´r`ZH´$ÒQ>BZ {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.68(2). ZmW©B©ÒQ> amOÒWmZ.BZÖ E.~r.am∞`(ES>.)n´rH°$pÂ~´`Z_mCßQo>Zao›O, _________, 1941.MmaZmoH$mBQ>grarO,~ÒVaÒQo>Q>E S>doÒQ>Z©Oo`nmoa[aH$.{O`moc. amOÒWmZ,Bß{S>`m._o_.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.7Ö 109-120. gd©.B›S>.75(n´mo\\o$eZcnong©15Ö 1-55). _________, XmgJw·m,E.Ho$.,gwamc,~r.E S>{g{‘H$s,E_.E.1982.gg.Òn.X Kmof,Ama.EZ.,1983.Q>aearä coO{S>nmo{OQ≤>gAm∞\\$H$c`mcE S>ES>Oogo›Q>E[a`mOBZ \\$ÒQ©>[anmoQ©>Am∞\\$Eπ$mQ©>Z©ardQ>u~´oQ>\\$m{gc\\´$m_XAmoÎS>aEÎ`y{d`_Am∞\\$ ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.34(4)Ö BÒQ>Z©amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.112(7)Ö 106-109. 56-68. Xo~,E_.,1992.{cWmo{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rAm∞\\$am∞ä gEamC›S>am_nwam-AJyMm_°{gdgÎ\\$mBS> Ωc°gZa,E_.E\\$.Edß amKdo›X´ amd,dr.,1960.E›`y ÒnoerOAm∞\\$H´o$~\\´$m_XAcu Amoa-~m∞S>rEZS>~cy Bß{S>`mÖ BÂcrHo$e›gc\\$maXB©dmoÎ`yeZAm∞\\$E Q>aear\\w$cg© AW© {S>nm{OQ≤>gAm∞\\$H$nyaS>r,amOÒWmZ,doÒQ>Z© Bß{S>`m.[aH$. n´moQo>amoOmoBH$\"Am°cmoH$moOZ'BZÖ Eg.gr.gaH$ma(ES>.)_oQo>cmoOZr[aco{Q>S>Qy> {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.86(4). Qo>ä Q>m{Zä gAm∞\\$Xn´moQo>amoOmoBH$_mo~mBc~oÎQ≤g.Amä gm\\$S©>.1-35. Jmno mcZ,H$o .1986.{O`mHo $´ mZo mco mOo rAm\\∞ $nr´ H$° pÂ~`´ Zamä gAm\\∞ $amOÒWmZÖ nm´ ~o cÂgEdß XŒmm,E.H$o .,1973.B›Q>aZcÒQ>¥ä Ma,nQo >¥mco mOo rE S>{_Zaco mOo rAm\\∞ $H$o ÎH$-EÎo H$o cmBZ nm´ Òo näo Q>≤g.BZÖ E„o gQ>o¥ä Q>nm´ go .g_o rZmaAmZ∞ Bd© mÎo `ey ZAm\\∞ $Xnr´ H$° pÂ~`´ ZH$´ ÒQ> nΩo _Qo >mBQ>≤gBZnmQ>©≤gAm\\∞ $amOÒWmZ.__o .{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.102Ö 1-112. BZXAamdcr_mC›Q>oZ~Îo Q>(CX`naw `{y Zd{gQ© >r,amOÒWmZ). Eo~r.Or.EZ.E S>H$moMa,EZ.,1990.{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rE S>noQ¥>moOoZo{ggAm∞\\$X_cmZr _________, _°H$Sy>Jmc,Oo.S>r.,am`E.~r.Edß _wacr,E.dr.,1990Sm-Nd Bær`ggyQ>,ZmW© noB›gwcaBß{S>`m,O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.36(2)Ö 10µ9- EdrSo>›g\\$m∞a3.3Ga AmoÎS> am∞ä gBZamOÒWmZ,EZS>~cy Bß{S>`m.O. 130. n´rHo$pÂ~´`Z.[ag.48Ö 287-297.

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96 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU J´moda,E.Ho$.Edß d_m©,Ama.Or.,1993.JmoÎS>{_ZaocmBOoeZBZXn´rHo$pÂ~´`Z(^w{H$`m {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.14(4). E[a`m)Am∞\\$gmD$W-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ-E›`y {S>ÒH$dar.Oo.{O`moc.gmog. h°aZ,E.E_.,1915.{Oflg_BZYm°cnwaÒQo>Q>.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.45(1). B›S>.42(3)Ö 281-288. _________, 1917.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$ZmW©-B©ÒQ>Z© amOnwVmZm.Edß ES>Oogo›Q> OrEgAmB©.,1999.Eä gQo>›So>S>E„gQ¥o>ä Q≤gAm∞\\$n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>≤g(E\\$Eg1994-95). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.45(1)Ö 1-128. [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.129(7). OrEgAmB©,1999.Eä gQo>›S>S>E„gQ¥>oä Q≤>gAm∞\\$n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>≤g(E\\$.Eg.1994-95). _________, 1917.XΩdm{c`aEdß {d›‹`Z{gÒQ>_gBZgmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOnwVmZm. [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.129(7). _o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.45(2)Ö 129-189. OrEgAmB©,1999.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.130(7)E\\$.EgÖ 1995-96. _________, 1919.~`mZm-cmcgmoQ>{hÎgBZB©ÒQ>Z© amOnwVmZm,[aH$.{O`moc.gd©. OrEgAmB©,1999.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.131(7)E\\$.EgÖ 1996-97. B›S>.48(4). OrEgAmB©,1999.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>132(7)E\\$.EgÖ 1997-98. _________, 1999.OrEgAmB©.S>~cyAma.›`yO16-19. _________, 1922,X{O`mocmOrAm∞\\$XdoÒQ>Z© O`nwa.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. _________, 1999.OrEgAmB©.S>~cyAma.›`yO20(1). 54(4). _________, 1925.XgmoS>m-~r`[a®Jam∞ä gAm∞\\${H$eZJãT>.,amOnwVmZm.[aH$. {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.65(4). _________, 2000.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.133(7)E\\$.EgÖ 1998-99. _________, 1936.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$gmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© _odmãS>,amOnwVmZm._o_. _________, 2000.OrEgAmB©.S>~cyAma.›`yO20(2). {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.68(1)Ö 1-120. _________, 2000.OrEgAmB©.S>~cyAma.›`yO21(1). _________,,2001.OrEgAmB©.S>~cy Ama.›`yO21(2). _________, 1937.OZac[anmoQ©>Am∞\\$X{O`mocmo{OH$cgd©o Am∞\\$Bß{S>`m\\$m∞aXB©`a OrEgAmB©,2001.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.134(7)E\\$.EgÖ 1999-2000. 1936Ö [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.72(1). _________, 1937.X{_Zacn´moS>ä eZAm∞\\$Bß{S>`mS≤>`y[aßJ1936.[aH$.{O`moc. gd©.B›S>.72(3). Jw·m,~r.gr.,1934.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$go›Q¥>c_odmãS>._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.65(2)Ö _________, 1953.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$go›Q¥>camOnwVmZm._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. 107-169. 79Ö 1-389. _________, E S>_wH$Ou,nr.EZ.,1938.X{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$JwOamVE S>gmCXZ© hmc° S>,Q>r.EM.,1905.[aÏ`yAm∞\\${_Zacn´moS>ä eZAm∞\\$Bß{S>`mS≤>`y[a®J1898-1903. amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.73(2). [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.32(1). Jw·m,nr.,_wImonm‹`m`,Ho$.,\\$arXwX≤XrZE S>aoS≤>S>r,E_.Eg.,1991.Qo>ä Q>moZmoÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m{\\$H$ _________, Edß {H´$ÒQ>r,S>„cy E.Ho$.,1990.XAmar{OZAm∞\\$XgmÎQ>{S>nm{OQ≤>g \\´o$_dH©$E S>dmÎHo${ZH${O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$gmCW{XÑ r\\$moÎS>~oÎQ>BZgmCW- Am∞\\$amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.38(1). go›Q¥>camOÒWmZ.O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.37Ö 431-441. hmoao,E_.Ho$.Edß hanmdV,gr.Ec.1975.EflbrHo$eZAm∞\\$aÒQo>{Q>{ÒQ>H$cEZo{c{ggBZ Jw·m,Eg.EZ.1967.Am`aZAmoa{S>nmo{OgEQ>_moarOm,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>.Bß{S>`Z{_Zac. Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZgVHw$B©,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg. {O`moc.gd©.BßS>.21(4). {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.29(3). Jw·m,Eg.EZ.,Aamoam,dmB©.Ho$.,_mWwa,Ama.Ho$.,BH$~mcw‘rZ,n´gmX~r.,ghm`,Q>r. _________Edß_________,1976.Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEQ>gVHw$B©,IoVãS>r EZ.Edß e_m©,Eg.~r.1981.{cWmoÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m{\\$H$_°nAm∞\\$AamdcrarOZ, H$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZy± {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. gmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZEdß ZmX©Z© JwOamV,{O`moc.gd©.BßS>.np„cHo$eZ, 30(2). h°Xam~mX. J·w m,Eg.EZ.,Aamao m,dmB.© H$o .,_mWaw ,Ama.H$o .,BH$~mcXw X≤ rZ,ng´ mX,~r.,ghm`,Q>r.EZ. AmB©.~r.E_.1990.{Oflg_-E_mH}$Q>gd}._mH}$Q>gd}grarO.15Ö 1-171. Edß e_m,© Eg.~r,1997.Xnr´ H$o pÂ~`´ Z{O`mco mOo rAm\\∞ $XAamdcrarOZ, _________, 1991.H$m`oZmBQ>Edß {gcr_oZmBQ>-E_mH}$Q>gd}._mH}$Q>.gd}.grarO 17(ar{dOZ)Ö 1-100. gmCXZ©amOÒWmZEdßZmXZ© ©JOw amV,__o .{O`mco .gd©B›S>.123Ö 1-262. _________, _mWwa,Ama.Ho$.Edß Aamoam,dmB©.Ho$.,1992.{cWmÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$ _________, 1992._moZmoJ´m\\$Am∞Z~mä gmBQ>([admB¡S>ES>reZ).{_Zac\\o$ä Q>≤gEdß n´mo~cÂg.14Ö 1-461. n´moQo>amoOmoBH$amä gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZEdß JwOamV-E[aÏ`y.[aH$.{O`moc.gd© B›S>.117(7Am°a8)Ö 63-84. _________, 1995.c°S>EdßqOH$_mBqZJBZamOÒWmZ.~wco.29Ö 1-136. h°Ho$Q>,gr.E.1877.EZmoQ>Am∞ZAamdcrgrarOBZZmW©-B©ÒQ>Z© amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc. _________, 1995._°JZrOAmoa-E_mH}$Q>gd}._mH}$Q>gd}grarO.22Ö 1-116. gd©.B›S>.10(2). _________, 1880.gmÎQ>BZamOnwVmZm[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.13(3). _________, 1995._moZmoJ´m\\$Am∞Z~°am`Q≤>g.{_Zac\\o$ä Q>≤gEdßn´mo„c_.15Ö 1. _________, 1880.`yO\\w$c{_ZaÎgAm∞\\$AamdcrarOZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. _________, 1996ÒQo>{Q>{ÒQ>H$cn´mo\\$mBÎgAm∞\\${_ZaÎg.1995-96.1-114. 13(4). _________, 1998Bß{S>`Z{_ZacB©`a~wH$.1996.dmc.2 _________, 1881,Am∞ZX{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$AamdcrarOZ,go›Q¥>cEdß B©ÒQ>Z©.[aH$. _________,1999._ßWcrÒQo>{Q{ÒQ>ä gAm∞\\${_Zacn´moS>ä eZ.31(1-3).

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 97 O°Z,Ama.Eg.,1987.JmoÎS>B›grS|>gBZamOÒWmZ[aH$.{O`moc.gd}.B›S>.113(7)Ö {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.1(3). 99-103. _moh›Vr.E_.Edß Jwhm,S>r.~r.1995.{cWmoQo>ä Q>moZmoÒQ¥>moQ>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$X{S>g_oÂ~S©> P±da,E_.Ec.,1966.ZoMaAm∞\\${_ZaocmBOoeZEQ>X~w~mZr-_whm_B© E_aoÎS>_mB›g J´rZÒQ>moZ{gπo$›ggAm∞\\$X_ßJcdmãS>H$mÂncoä gEamC›S>cmdm-gaXmaJãT>Edß {Z`a{H$eZJãT>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.20(4). nmamgmcrE[a`mO,amOg_›X{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.BZÖ Eg{g›hm-am`E S> _________,Edß _mWwa,Amo nr.,1968.Am`aZAmoa{S>nm{OQ≤>gBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$grH$a Ho$.Ama.Jw·m(ES≤>g)H$m›Q>rZo›Q>cH´$ÒQ>Am∞\\$ZmW© -doÒQ>Z© Edß go›Q¥>cBß{S>`m. Edß Pw›PwZßy {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. _o_.{O`mocgmog.B›S>.31Ö 141-162. 22(3). _wpä VZmW,1965.nm∞gr{~{cQ>rAm∞\\$S>docon_o›Q> Am∞\\$gr_|Q> BßS>ÒQ¥>arBZamOÒWmZ. H$Ñ ˇam`m,dr.Ho$.Ho$.Edß _w›er,AmaEc.,1987.{O`mocmoOrEdß ÒQ¥>ä MaAm∞\\$Aamdcr Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.19(3). amä gBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$Sy±>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. _________, 1969.\\$mÒ\\o$Q>{S>nm{OQ≤>gBZamOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg{O`moc.gd©. 113(7)Ö 7-12. B›S>.23(3). H$mam›W,Ho$.Ama.,1966.{O`mocmoOrEdß J´mCßS>dmQ>aH$›S>re›gBZnmQ©>Am∞\\$Acda _w›er,Ama.Ec.,1978.~o›Q>moZmBQ> {S>nm{OQ> {Z`a{~gw H$cmZ,~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, d°cr,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.97(2)Ö 147Ö 167. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.32(2). _________, 1977,{O`mocmoOrEdß J´mC›S>dmQ>a[agmg©gAm∞\\$AnacyZr~o{gZ, _________, 1987.ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m{\\$H$nmoOreZAm∞\\$XmQyß>S>mπ$mQ©>OmBQ>Eä gnmo¡S>BZX AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.~wc.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>(grarO~r-BßOrZ`[a®J {dgr{ZQ>rAm∞\\$XJ´oQ> ~mC›S>ar\\$mÎQ> amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. {O`mocmoOrEdß J´mC›S>dmQ>a).32. 113(7)Ö 1-2. qH$J,S>„cy.,1890.n´mo{dOZcBßSo>ä gAm∞\\$XcmoH$c{S>ÒQ¥>r„`yeZAm∞\\$BÂnmoaQo>›Q> Zmhm,Ho$.Edß hocr~Q©>Z,Ama.dr.1974ß.Acun´rHo$pÂ~´`ZÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$go›Q¥>cEdß {_ZaÎg{_gco{Z`g{_ZaÎg,Oo_ÒQ>mo›gEdß π°$arÒQ>mo›gBZXBß{S>`ZEÂnm`a gXZ©amOÒWmZBß{S>`m.O.n´rHo$pÂ~´`Z[ag.1Ö 55-73. [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.23(3). ZoJr,Ama.Eg.,1980.EZmoQ>Am∞ZX~og_oQ>c{_ZaocmBOoeZ{Z`aZaB©,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> H$moN>a,EZ.,1984._cmZrBær`ggyQ>Ö hm∞Q>ÒnmQ>_°Ω_o{Q>¡_Edß H´o$Q>moZmBOoeZAm∞\\$X amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.34(4)Ö 15-18. ZmX©ZnmQ©>Am∞\\$XBß{S>`ZerÎS>.O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.25Ö 155-161. _________, 1984.H$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZBZJmoc-~mXemhnwaE[a`m,O`nwa H•$ÓUZ,E_.Eg.1936.{Oflg_BZXAna{d›‹`›gAm∞\\$amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.38(4)Ö 1-7. B›S>.69(2). AmocT>_,Ama.S>r.1886.n´mognoä Q≤>gAm∞\\$\\$mBp›Sß>JH$mocBZdoÒQ>Z© Bß{S>`m.[aH$. Hw$_ma,dr.Edß cmc,dr.nr.,1984._eyar`ZΩcyH$moZmBQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.92(2). Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.38(4)Ö 78. bmVye,Q>r.EM.S>r.,1897.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXAHo$ao›gAm∞\\$H$mocEQ>ncmZm{dcoOBZ _________,1886.{O`mco mOo rAm\\∞ $ZmXZ© ©Og° c_ao .[aH$.{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.19(3). ~rH$mZoaÒQo>Q>.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.30(2). _________, 1888._o_moa›S>_Am∞ZX[aOÎQ>Am∞\\$EZEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$O°gc_oa _________, 1902.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$doÒQ>Z© amOnwVmZm._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.35 {dXEÏ`y Qy>{S>ÒH$darAm∞\\$H$moc.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.21(1). (1)Ö 1-116. nmarH$.EM.Eg.,1977.cmB_ÒQ>moZ{S>nm{OQ>≤gAm∞\\$ZmW©-doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z cmc,dr.nr.,1979.n´moÒnoä Q≤>gAm∞\\$BßS>ÒQ¥>r`cJ´oS>cmB_ÒQ>moZBZIwB©Amcm\\$m_}eZ {_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.31(4). (cmoAaB©`mogrZ)O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc. _________, 1978.{O`mocmoOrWw´ {nä Mg© -ZoeZc{O`mocmo{OH$c_mo›`y_o›Q≤>g gd©.B›S>.33(3)Ö 34-37. Am∞\\$ZmW© -doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.32(1). _hmOZ,dr.S>r.,1968.EZmoQ>Am∞ZX~w›XocIßS>ZmBgAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ,Eä gnmo¡S>BZX _________, 1979.{O`mocmoOrWw´ {nä Mg© -ZoeZc{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$ZmW© -doÒQ>Z© ~mJZarda,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.33(3)Ö 690-65. 22(2). _________, 1980.{_Zac[agmog}gAm∞\\$ZmW©-doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg. _mc°Q>,E\\$.Ama.1881.Am∞ZH$mo~ocmBQ>Edß So>ZoAmBQ>\\´$m_XIoVãS>r_mB›g.amOnwVmZm {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.34(2)Ö 41-58. {dXg_[a_mä ©gAm∞ZO`nwamB©Q>Ònr`moamBQ>[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.14(2). _________, 1982.{gcr{g`gD$cmBQ>≤gBZXnm|S>cmo \\$ma_oeZ,_madmãS>gwnaJ´wn, ZmJm°a~o{gZ,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.112(7)Ö 15-19. __J°Z,dr.S>r.Edß MQ>Ou,~r.nr.1977.B©`mogrZAmÒQ¥o>H$moãS>m\\´$m_H$mocm`VOrE[a`m, amOÒWmZ[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.108(2)Ö 42-50. _°H$_mohZ,gr.E.1884.Am∞ZX_mBH´$moÒH$mo{nH$ÒQ¥>mä MaAm∞\\$g_Aamdcramä g.[aH$. _________, 1984.n´r-π$mQ>≤©Z©ar{O`mocmoOrEdß {_Zac[agmog}gAm∞\\$ZmW© doÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.115Ö 1-99. {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.17(3). _________, 1886._mBH´$moÒH$mo{nH$ÒQ¥>ä MaAm∞\\$_cmZramä gAm∞\\$AamdcrarOZ. n´gmX,Ho$.Ho$.,1978.J´mC›S>dmQ>a[agmog}gAm∞\\$ZoJ[a`md°c\\$sÎS>,Q>m|H${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.19(3). amOÒWmZ.~wc.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.(grarO~rBßOrZ`[a®J{O`mocmoOrEdß J´mC›S>dmQ>a)35Ö 1-64. _________, 1887,Bß{S>`ZB_oO-ÒQ>mo›g.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.20(1). n´gmX,Ho$.EZ.,1962.So>H$mnmoS>H´$ÒQo>{e`m\\´$m_X\\w$cg© AW© {S>nm{OQ≤>gAm∞\\$H$nyaS>r _°S>crH$moQ>,EM.~r.,1868.X~mC›S>arAm∞\\$a{d›Y`ZgrarOBZamOnwVmZm[aH$. amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.94(2).

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98 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU nmÒH$m,o B.© EM.,1926.OZac[anmQo >© \\$ma∞ XB`© a1924.[aH$.{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.58(1). am`,E.~r.,nmcrdmc,~r.Eg.,eoImdV,Eg.Eg.ZmJm°ar,S>r.Ho$.,JmocmZr,nr.Ama. _________,1926.OZac[anmoQ©> \\$m∞aBB©`a1925.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. Edß {~Oma{Z`m,~r.Ama.,1988.ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$XAamdcrgwnaJw´nBZX 59(1). Q>mBnE[a`m._o_.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.7Ö 121-138. _________, 1926.{_Zacn´moS>ä eZAm∞\\$Bß{S>`mS>`y[a®J1925.[aH$.{O`moc. am`,~r.gr.,1952.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXQ>mÎH${S>nm{OQ>≤gEQ>S>moJoWm,{Z`aXm°gm,amOÒWmZ Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.6(3). gd©.B›S>.59(3). _________, 1955.Eo_aoÎS> {S>nm{OQ≤>gBZ_odmãS> Edß AO_oa-_madmãS>.[aH$. _________, 1928.OZac[anmoQ©> \\$m∞aBB©`a1926.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.86(2). 60(1). _________, 1957.X_°JZrOAmoa{S>nm{OQ>≤gBZCX`nwaEdß ~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q¥>g. nm`Zo,Q>r.Ho$.,E›S>._wH$Ou,~r.1987.Am„OadoeZAm∞Z_cmZrBær`ggyQ>EQ>Edß ~wc.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.(grarOE-B©H$moZm{_H${O`mocmoOr).14Ö 1-31. EamC›S> grdmZm,~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. 113(7)Ö 23-27. _________, 1957.XcmB_ÒQ>moZ{S>nm{OQ>≤gBZAO_oaÒQo>Q>.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg. amYmH•$ÓUm,~r.nr.Edß ZH$dr,Eg.E_.1986.n´rHo$pÂ~´`ZH$m›Q>rZo›Q>cH´$ÒQ>Am∞\\$Bß{S>`m {O`mocgd©.B›S>.11(2). E›S>BQ≤>gB©dmoÎ`yeZ.O.{O`moc.96Ö 145-166. _________, 1958.dwc\\´$m_{S>nm{OQ>≤g{Z`aSo>JmZm,OmoYnwa,amOÒWmZ.[aH$. amOmamd,gr.Eg.E›S>Jw·m,~r.S>r.,1970.{gπo$›g,ÒQ¥>ä MaE›S>H$mo[acoeZAm∞\\$X {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.87(2). _oQ>m-goS>r_o›Q≤>gEdß ZmBgAm∞\\$X~¢{S>S>ZmB{gH$H$mÂncoä gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ. am`Mm°Yar,E_.Ho$.EQ>.Ec.,1962.{_ZaocmB¡S>π$mQ≤©>Odo›gAm∞\\$JmoOEdß XZo~[a®J [aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.98(2)Ö 122-131. E[a`mO,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. _________ Edß _________, 1971.{O`mocmoOrEamC›S>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ[aH$. 16(2). {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.98(2)Ö 122-131. _________, gmoJmZr,nr.gr.,MßS>H$,Or.Oo.Edß _oham,Eg.Ec.1965.ZmJm°a _________,_________ Edß BH$~mcwX≤XrZ,1972.EZmoQ>Am∞ZX[anr{Q>{Q>d {Oflg_.~wc.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.(grarOE-B©H$moZmo{_H${O`mocmOr)24Ö {gπo$›gAm∞\\$B›Q¥>m\\$moa_oeZcH$mßΩcmo_aoQ>Edß _S>ÒQ>moZBZ{d›‹`Zamä g{Z`a 1-158. AmZ›Xnwa,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.99(2)Ö am`,lrHw$_ma,1922.~°am`Q≤>gBZAcda.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.54(2). 195-196. ghm`,Q>r.EZ.,1978.EZmoQ> Am∞ZX{O`moHo${_H$cgd©o BZgM© Am∞\\$Qß>JÒQ>Z _________,_________,_________, nmoX≤Xma,~r.gr.,~mgw,Ho$.Ho$.Edß {_ZaocmOoeZBZamOH$moQ> -gwOmZnwamE[a`m,Q>m|H${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ. XŒmm,E.Ho$.1971.n´rHo$pÂ~´`ZÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ-E[aÏ`y.[aH$. Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.32(2). {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.102(2)Ö 60-79. gmhZr,E_.Ama.1936.\\$a_mo[a`m{_{Z_m.E[admB¡S> ä bmgr{\\$Ho$eZAm∞\\$X a{jV,E.E_.,1977.AHo$ao›gAm∞\\$Q>mÎH$BZX[aI^Xod-Sy±>Janwagano›Q>rZmBQ>~oÎQ>, AmaJo{ZH$[a_o›g\\´$m_X{d›‹`›gAm∞\\$Bß{S>`m.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.31(2). 69(4). am_mgm_r,Eg.E_.1987.B©dmoÎ`yeZAm∞\\$am_JãT>S>mo_,amOÒWmZ,Bß{S>`m[aH$.{O`moc. _________, 1962.X{d›‹`Z{gÒQ>_Am∞\\$Bß{S>`m,[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.91 gd©.B›S>.113(7)Ö 13-22. (2). _________, 1981.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXAHo$ao›gAm∞\\$Ïhc© ~mÎgBZX{d›‹`›gAm∞\\$ _________, Edß ^Q>ZmJa,EZ.gr.,1958.›`y \\$m{gÎg\\´$m_XOwam{gH$am∞ä gAm∞\\$ amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.35(1)Ö 39-40. O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.87(2). _________,1982.XAHo$ao›gEdß{gJZr{\\$Ho$›gAm∞\\${gg_mBQ>BZ{d›‹`ZgwnaJw´n g_‘a,`.y ,1987.gM© \\$ma∞ {hS>ZAmao Om›o gBZXH$dS>© Q>°aZo -EH$o g{hÒQ>arAm\\∞ $~m_{Z`m E[a`m,CX`naw {S>pÒQ>¥ä Q>.[aH$.{O`mco .gd.© B›S>.113(7)Ö 65-72. Am∞\\$amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.36(3). amd,Eg.Ho$.Ec.,1969.{_ZamJ´o{\\$H$ÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$XqOH$-H$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZEQ> gaH$ma,Or,am`~_©Z,Q>r.Edß H$moa\\w$,E\\$.1989.Q>mBq_JAm∞\\$H$m∞›Q>rZo›Q>cAmH©$Q>mBn _°Ω_o{Q>¡_BZZmW© doÒQ>Bß{S>`mÖ EdrSo>›g\\´$m_U-Pb {OaH$Z{O`moH´$moZmocmoOr. AH$dmcr,IoVãS>r~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©. O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.97Ö 607-612. B›S>.23(4). _________, 1971.{_ZamJ´m{\\$H$ÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$Xnm`amBQ>-{namoQ>mBQ>AHo$ao›gg, emÒÃr,Or.Or.Ho$.,1962.Amoar{OZAm∞\\$XSo>OQ©>{gÒQ>_BZamOÒWmZ[aH$.{O`moc. gcmXrnwam,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZBß{S>`Z.{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. gd©.B›S>.87(4). 25(4). emÒÃr,gr.E.1992.{O`moH´$moZmocmOrAm∞\\$Xn´rHo$pÂ~´`Zamä g\\´$m_amOÒWmZEdß ZmW©- ao,Eg.Ho$.,1990.XEÎ~rQ>mBQ>cmBZAm∞\\$aZmX©ZamOÒWmZ-E\\$m{gcB›Q¥>mH$m›Q>rZo›Q>c B©ÒQ>Z©JwOamV.Ònoecnp„cHo$eZ{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.25Ö 96. [aQ>OmoZ.O.{O`moc.gmogB›S>.36(4)Ö 413.-423. goZ,Q>r.Ho$.Edßhmoao.E_.Ho$.1976.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZn´VmnJãT>E›Q>rä bmB©Z, amOm,E_.Edß ImZ,E_.Eg.,1993.~ogcAamdcrdmÎHo${Z¡_Ö EdrSo>›g\\$m∞aEZ AcdaEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZBß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. E~m}{Q>dEQo>ä nQ>Qy>\\$m_© n´moQo>amoOmoBH$EZ{g`m{cH$J´rZÒQ>moZ~oÎQ>BZZmW©- 30(4). doÒQ>Z© nmQ©>Am∞\\$Bß{S>`ZerÎS>.O.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>.42(5)Ö 493- _________, Edß _________, 1981.EZmoQ>Am∞Z{O`mocmoOrE S>gÎ\\$mBS> 512. {_ZaocmBOoeZBZ_mVmgwcmE[a`m,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>.Bß{S>`Z{_Zacg.

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 99 {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.35(1)Ö 1-18. _________,_________, Edß_moh›Vr,E_.,1998.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ. goZJw·m,H$ÎnZm.,1981.noQ¥>mocmo{OH$cEdß {O`moHo${_H$cÒQ>S>rOAm∞ZXJmogmZam∞ä g {O`moc.gmog.B›S>.~°Jßcmoa,278.nrnr. \\´$m_gcmXrnwamEdß AXanmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc. gmoJmZr,nr.gr.Edß ImZ,B©.Eo.,1974.EZmoQ>Am∞ZhmB©-J´oS>cmB_ÒQ>moZBZgmoOV- gd©.B›S>.35(1)Ö 41-42. JmoQ>Z-_y›S>dmcmB_ÒQ>moZ~oÎQ>BZamOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©. goQ≤>Q>r,S>r.EZ.,1958.EÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$J´mC›S>dmQ>aBZX{gQ>rAm∞\\$~rH$mZoa,amOÒWmZ. B›S>.28(4). ~wc.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.(grarO~r-B›OrZ`[a®J{O`mocmoOrEdß J´mC›S> _________, _mWwa,Ama.Ho$.Edß ~mÎ_r{H$n´gmX,1978.{_ZaocmB¡S>~oÎQ≤>gBZ dmQ>a)30Ö 1-21. n´rHo$pÂ~´`ZAm∞\\$gmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©. lrdmÒVd,nr.,Edß Jw·m,Eg.EZ.,1989.EemQ©>ZmoQ>Am∞ZXÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ. B›S>.32(4). O._mB›g.Edß {_ZacdÎS©>.2(1). lrdmÒVd,EM.~r.Edß kmZM›X,1985.{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß goS>r_|Q>mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rO {gX≤XH$s,EM.EZ.Edß ~hc,S>r.nr.,1965.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$X~o›Q>moZmBQ>{S>nm{OQ≤>g Am∞\\$Xam∞ä g,gmCWAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. Am∞\\$~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤,amOÒWmZ._o_.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.96Ö 1-96. 114(2). qgh,Ama.EZ.1987.{O`moHo${_H$cEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_°Q>ÎgBZn´rHo$pÂ~´`ZQ°>aoZ Qo>ca,Or.gr.,am`,E.Ho$.,goQ≤>Q>rS>r.EZ.EdßgoZ,~rEZ.1995.J´mC›S>dmQ>a{O`mocmoOr EamC›S>H$m›Vr,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.113 Am∞\\$nmcrarOZ,OmoYnwa{S>drOZ,doÒQ>Z© amOÒWZ.~wc.{O`mocgd©.B›S>. (7)Ö 73-78. (grarO~r.BßOrZ`[a®J{O`mocmoOrEdßJ´mC›S>dmQ>a)6Ö 1-121. qgh,Eg.nr.,1979.~°am`Q≤>g{_ZaocmBOoeZBZhWm°ãS>r-KmQ>arE[a`m,^aVnwa Cnm‹`m`,Ama.,e_m©,~r.Ec.,e_m©,~r.Ec.(Oy{Z`a)Edß am`,E.~r.,1992. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.33(2). ao_Zo›Q≤>gAm∞\\$J´rZÒQ>moZ{gπo$›g\\´$m_XAm{H©$`Zam∞ä gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ.H$ao›Q> _________, 1982.ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sAm∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJw´nBZ~`mZmg~-~o{gZ,ZmW©- gmBßg63(2)Ö 87-92. B©ÒQ>Z©amOÒWmZ.[aH$.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.112(7)Ö 46-62. d|H$Qo>e,dr.1951.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXQo>pÒQß>JAm∞\\$g_ÒQ>rEQ>mBQ>Ònogr_o›g\\´$m_amOÒWmZEdß _________, 1988.ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sEdß goS>r_|Qo>eZn°Q>Z© BZXn´moQo>amoOmoBH${XÑ rgwnaJ´wn, _‹`n´Xoe.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.5(3). ZmW©-doÒQ>Z© Bß{S>`m.BZÖ E.~r.am`(ES>.)n´rHo$pÂ~´`›gAm∞\\$Aamdcr daoS>Z~J©,B©.,1904.BcoAmocmBQ>Edß gmoS>mcmBQ>-gm`oZmBQ>BZ{H$eZJãT>ÒQo>Q>.[aH$. {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.31(1). _mC›Qo>Z,amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`m._o_.{O`mocgmog.B›S>.7Ö 193-206. qgh,Eg.Ama.1978.{O`mo{\\${OH$cAmoa\\$mB›S>BZ~ZdmgE[a`m,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>, _________, 1904.{S>ÒH$darAm∞\\${WZoamS>mBQ> EQ> S>rS>dmZm,amOnwVmZm.[aH$. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg.{O`mocgd©.B›S>.32(4). {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.31(2). {g›hm-am`Eg.1985.J´oZmBQ>-J´rZÒQ>moZ{gπo$›gEdß {O`moQo>ä Q>mo{ZH$S>docon_o›Q>Am∞\\$ _________, 1904.{S>ÒH$darAm∞\\$H°$›H´$sZmBQ>BZ{H$eZJãT>.[aH$.{O`moc.gd© gmCWB©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ.BZÖ n´mog{gÂnmo{O`_Am∞Z_oJmÒQ¥>ä Mg© Edß flboQ> B›S>.31(2). Qo>ä Q>mo{Zä gEdß Xo`aamocEOEJmB©S>Qy>Amoa{_ZaocmBOoeZ~wc.{O`moc.{_Z. _________, 1908.{O`mocmo{OH$cEOAm∞\\$H$mocEQ> ncmZmBZ~rH$mZoa, _°Q>c.gmog.B›S>.53Ö 115-123. amOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.36(4). {g›hm-am`,Eg.Edß _ÎhmoÃm,Or.1989.ÒQ¥>ä Mac[acoe›gAm∞\\$XH$daEdß BQ≤>g ~og_o›Q>Ö EZEä OmÂnc\\´$m_OhmOnwa~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZ.O.{O`moc.gmog. dmW©,EM.1889.EgoO\\´$m_Xgmß^agmÎQ>coH$BZamOnwVmZm.[aH$.{O`moc.gd©.B›S>. B›S>.34Ö 233-244. 22(4). _________,_________, Edß Jwhm,S>r.~r.,1995.EQ¥>m›goä Q>EoH´$mgamOÒWmZ _________, 1891.XgmÎQ>≤gAm∞\\$Xgmß^acoH$BZamOnwVmZmEdß Am∞\\$XgocmBZ B©\\$cmoaog›gH$mÎS> \"aoh'\\´$m_AcrJãT> BZXZmW©-doÒQ> n´mo{d›gg.[aH$. n´rHo$pÂ~´`ZQ°>aoZBZ[acoeZX>{O`mocmoOr,Qo>ä Q>m{Zä gEdß H´$ÒQ>cB©dmoÎ`yeZ {O`moc.gd©.B›S>.24(1). Am∞\\$gmCW-go›Q¥>camOÒWmZ.BZÖ Eg{g›hmam`Edß Ho$.Ama.JwflVm(Eds.) H$m›Q>rZo›Q>cH´$ÒQ>Am∞\\$EZS>„cy E S>g|Q¥>cBß{S>`m._o_.{O`moc.gmog.B›S>. `mXd,nr.Ho$.1981.ercmBQ>~r`[a®JÒH$mZ© amä g{Z`acwhmaMm,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, 31Ö 63-90. amOÒWmZ.Bß{S>`Z{_ZaÎg{O`moc.gd©.B›S>.35(2)Ö 40. ****

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^mJ~(nmQ©>~r) [anmoQ©>(A‡H$m{ÌmV)^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU A{YH$mar,Eg.Edß nm`Zo,Q>r.Ho$.,1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)4503-04. _°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg. _________, Edß _hmamOmqgh,EMOo.1974.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{Z`aVVmanwa, 1980-81).12995-96'. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Acda,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)6048-49. _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZB›doÒQ>roJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEQ> H$moQ>arn´moÒnoä Q>, _________, Edß _________, 1974.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞ac°S> {_ZaocmBOoeZ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83).12993-94. {Z`aOmoQ>ar,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)3551. _________, 1985.Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZH$moQ>arE[a`mCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, Edß a{gH$adr›X´m,1975.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\${VOmam,cN>_ZJãT> Edß amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg1983-84)14342. AcrnwaE[a`m,Acda,^VanwaEdß gdmB© _mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ AJ´dmc,dr.Ho$.,1967.~og_°Q>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZ{gAmocrE[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, (E\\$.Eg.1974-75)6218-19. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66).400,10637. _________, Edß am_mg_r,Eg.E_.1986.ÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>m{_ZaocmB¡S>~oÎQ> Aamoam,dmB©.Ho$.,1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°{nßJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ Wy´ [a_moQ>g|qgJ-OmoBßQ>Eä gnoar_|Q>n´moJ´m_GSI-ISRO H$mocmo~moaoeZn´moJm_ CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg1967-68)16348-49. (E\\$.Eg.1982-5)16138-17799. _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa ~mÎ_r{H$n´gmX,1966.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°{nßJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg1968-69)154. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66)295,2061,2067. _________, 1971.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S> JwßOc_________, 1968.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°JãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, gßJVEdß J_JwãT>mE[a`mBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)150,877. 1969-70)1444. _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>Edß _________, 1976.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZPmS>moc- CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69) H$moc`mar-{~N>rdmãS>mE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1971.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT> 1975-76)11299,16171. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70) _________, Edß am_M›X´Z,Ho$.S>r.,1971.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _°qnJBZX[aMoa-Ho$cdmãS>mE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, EQ>.Ec.,1973.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß cmB_ÒQ>moZBZ nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73.). 1970-71)13236-37. _________, Edß O°Z,Eg.Eg.1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_________, 1974.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>Edß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71). _°qnJBZgm`am-Ogd›VJãT>E[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1973-74)6561-62,13154-55. _________, 1976.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ_mßS>cJãT>,S>m~r,H$moQ>mE[a`m AemoH$Hw$_ma,1973.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞ac°S>-qOH$AmoagBZ_mo{M`mB©ÒQ> ^rcdmãS>m,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>,~y±XrEdß H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. „bm∞H$,Omda~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-71) 1974-75). 1668. ~›Xmonm‹`m`,E.Edß _wImonm‹`m`,E.Ho$.,1974.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c ~mH$crdmc,nr.gr.,1975.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$~›XdmB© -_ßS>mda-_mhdmhE[a`m, _°qnJAm∞\\$J´oZmBQ>≤gEdß ZmBggBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\${gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>gAcda,O`nwaEdß gdmB© _mYmonwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973- (E\\$.Eg.1971-72)2316,7460-64,7908. 74)5431-32. _________, Edß _wacrYaZ,dr.,1976.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1977{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$VcH$nwaSy±>Jar,cmcgmoQ> E[a`m,O`nwa _°qnJAm∞\\$E[aZnwamJ´oZmBQ>Edß _cmZrBær`ggyQ>Am∞\\$am∞ä gBZ{gamohr {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76)6641-42,12677-78, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75)1124. 12815-16. _________, Edß _________,1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1984{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$am_JãT>-nMdmãS>m-ImQy>ZmaE[a`m,O`nwa _°qnJAm∞\\$E[aZnwamJ´oZmBQ>Edß _cmZrBær`ggyQ>Am∞\\$am∞ä gBZOmcm°a 100

P:109

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 101 {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)6168-69,12713-14. _________, 1975.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZBZ _________, 1978.EZmoQ>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$45EM/7 ZcXoÌdaE[a`m,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). Edß 45EM/16BZCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77) ^Q≤>Q>,E_.Ec.,1970.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°{nßJAm∞\\$Xam`nwa-Q>moãS>mE[a`m, 4581-82. grH$aEdßO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69). _________, [anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$E[aZnwamJ´oZmBQ>BZ _________, Edß Omoer,Eg.E_.1971.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$hmOrnwa- gm_nwamE[a`mBZgrH$a,O`nwaEdß Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)4301. 1969-70). _________, Edß aoS≤>S>r,AmB©,dr.,1980.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79) ^Q>ZmJa,nr.Eg.1986.ä dmQ©>Zar{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß {O`mo_moa\\$mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rOBZ nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$XcmoAacyZr~o{gZ,~mãS>_oaEdß Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ 4597-96. (E\\$.Eg.1984-85)17284,17296. _______4__5°q_n7,J3EB-dZ7ß n4nmm.`Q©Z>≤go,AQ>rm.∞\\$HCo$.X,`1n9wa8{0S.>pÒEQ¥>ä [Qan>,moQam©>OAÒmW∞ZmZ{g(ÒEQ\\o>_$o{.QE>Hg${.O1`9moc79mo{-O8H0$c) _______O__°gc, 1_9oa8{S4>p.ÒQ[a¥>ä nQmo≤Q>g©>,Aamm∞ZOÒXW{OmZ`(mEoc\\m$o{.OEHg$c.1_9°qn8J0-BZ81n)mQ.©>≤gAm∞\\$OmoYnwaE S> ~mnZm,dr.EH[ga$n.m∞n,moQa_©>~hAoÎmXmQ∞Zod>,m{XSam>pEdÒäQ,g¥>äEQfl.b>,Phmw›oaHPoe$,wZZyß,E\\_am$.mO∞aEÒHZW.$mmZ∞nEad(EßAl\

m$dog.Em©ÒBgVZ.d1A,9EH7g$d2.m-gc7rr.31g)95oä 7e630Z.0,\\.I$mBoVZãSc>r ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,E.8{Zg1`r8.a7E~-dm±g8ß ad8{jm.ãSV>mEQ.>mCEZ_,.{,S1>pÒ9Q8¥>ä 0Q.>~Bm›±gdoÒdQmãS>rJ>m,oeaZmO\\Ò$mW∞amJZ´o\\($mEB\\S$>.BEZgB._1c9rn7wa3m-„c74m∞H)$ ~mnZm,dr.Eg.1984.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cBZXJmogoZmB¡S>OmoZ _________, 1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S>Qo>ÎS>B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$J´o\\$mBQ>BZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ ~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(hVIoãS>mEdß nßH$cmdmg„cmä g)(E\\$.Eg. Am∞\\$H$mcm~a,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>nmcr,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75). 1975-76). ~a_Z,Or.,1972.[anmoQ>© Am∞ZXÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$ÒQ¥>mo_oQ>mocmBQ>\\´$m_n´rHo$pÂ~´`ZEdß Ho$pÂ~´`Z amä gAm∞\\$CX`nwa,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>,~y±XrEdß H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. _________, _w›er,Ama.Ec.,JXmYaZ,E.,{d_cHw$_maEdß Kod[a`m,OoãS>Or., 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_°Q>cBZZmX©Z© Edß gmCX©Z© „cmä g Eg.1971-72)4209-10. Am∞\\$PaH$mn´moÒnoä Q>,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76). _________, 1973[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$ÒQ¥>mo_oQ>mocmBQ≤>g\\´$m_XAamdcramä g Am∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-)13223. _________, 1979.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZQo>ÒQ> {S¥>qcJBZJmoO-nmacmE[a`m,~m±gdmãS>m ~mgw,Ho$.Ho$.,1961.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>{H$eZJãT>, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-78). AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1959-60)13309,13338. ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,E.Ho$.Edß eoImdV,Ec.Eg.1997.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZÒno{e`ocmB¡S> {W_o{Q>H$_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Aamdcr\\$moÎS>~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1962.n´moJo´g[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$m{O`mocmo{OH$cBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ 1990-96)23482-83. AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-61)1331-1076. ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,Oo._wImonm‹`m`,E.Ho$.Edß {ghB©,Ama.Ho$.,1981.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX _________, 1963.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>m B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aQß>JÒQ>Z{Z`a~mÎXm{dboO,{gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-62). (E\\$.Eg.1978-80). _________, 1965.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>^rcdmãS>m, ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,EZ.~r.,1970.n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aQ>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ>BZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$ ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64). CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg1967-68). _________, 1966.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,Eg.,1995.{O`mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rOAm∞\\$nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$_ßJcdmãS>H$mÂncoä g, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). amOÒWmZ-\\$mBZc[anmoQ©> Am∞ZEgQ>rE_n´moJ´m_(E\\$.Eg.1990-94) 23154-55. _________, 1967.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, ^yfU,Eg.Ho$.Edß goZJw·m,Eg.Ama.1976.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤g amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66).. Am∞\\$O°gc_oa,~mãS>_oaEdß OmoYnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>{dXÒnoecao\\$ao›gQy>_cmZr _________, EdßAamoam,dmB©.Ho$.,1968.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>g Bær`ggyQ>(E\\$.Eg.1975-76). Am∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZBZä by{S>S>BZQ>monmoerQ>gߪ`m45G/16Edß _________, 1979.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$nmQ©≤>gAm∞\\${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g~mãS>_oa,Omcm°aEdß 45H/13. (E\\$.Eg.1966-67)441,1955-57. {gamohr{dXÒnoecao\\$ao›gAm∞\\$_cmZrBær`ggyQ>(E\\$.Eg.1978-79). _________, Edß _________, 1968.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X_cmZr nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)2116. Bær`ggyQ>BZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~mãS>_oa,Omcm°aEdß {gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ ~mgw.Eg.Ho$.,1976.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZBZ (E\\$.Eg.1980-81). H$mcmOmoãS>m(~°amR>)E[a`m,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. {~Ìdmg,gr.Edß Va\\$Xma,Eg.EZ.,1971.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°{nßJBZnmQ≤©>g 1972-73) Am∞\\$grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71).

P:110

102 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU {~Ìdmg,Ama.Ho$,1972.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJeZAm∞\\$~amoB© _Jamc°S>-qOH$ EamC›S>~cam_-Am~y amoS>,{VaßJm{hcE[a`m,gmCWB©ÒQ>amOÒWmZEdß ZmW© {S>nm{OQ>,OmdaE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-71). JwOamV(E\\$.Eg.1992-94)22161-62. ~mog.`y.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a_mocr„So>Z_,`yao{OZ_Edß Egmo{gE{Q>S> MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,EZ.,Edß ~ZOu,Eg.EZ.1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXAHo$ao›ggAm∞\\${OflgmBQ> {_ZaÎgBZKmQo>ÌdaE[a`m,IßSo>cm,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. BZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67). 1976-78). _________, Edß _________, 1968.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZAHo$ao›ggAm∞\\$~o›Q>moZmBQ>BZ _________, 1984.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$XnmoÒQ>-{XÎbrJ´oZmBQ>_°{g‚gBZAcda nmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67). ~o{gZ,O`nwaEdßAcda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80). _________, Edß _________,1969.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X M›S>H$,Or.Oo.,1962.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$Q>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ>{Z`aS>moJoWmEdß AÎQ¥m>~o{gH$amä g{dXÒnoecao\\$ao›gQy>XEo_aoÎS>{_ZaocmBOoeZAm∞\\$X JrOJãT>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-62). noΩ_oQ>mBQ≤>gBZhQ>mo›S>r,amOJãT>Edß „`mdaE[a`m,AO_oa{Ocm,amOÒWmZ _________, 1963.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X~mJdmgQ>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ≤>g,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> (E\\$.Eg.1967-68). ^rcdmãS>m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63). _________, 1969.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$nmcrEdß AO_oa _________, 1965.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XJy[a`mEdß ImdmQ>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ>≤g {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-68). ^rcdmãS>mEdßO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64). _________, 1971.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XEo_aoÎS>{_ZaocmBOoeZBZ _________, 1966.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XQ>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ>gBZ_moam©-H$m-Sy±>Ja[aO, AO_oaEdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70). gdmB©_mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). _________, 1971.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _________, 1966EZmoQ> Am∞ZXH$aodmcAm`aZAmoa{S>nmo{OQ≤> {Z`aqhS>m°Z, (E\\$.Eg.1969-70). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>gdmB©_mYmonwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). _________, 1974.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, _________, Edß JwflVm,gr.Ec.,1967.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XcIm°crQ>mÎH$ amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71)2340,5933-37,7407,7547. {S>nmo{OQ≤>g,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66). _________, Edß JßJmonm‹`m`,Eg.,1975.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X _________, Edß ^Q≤>Q>mMm`©,EZ.~r.,1971.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X AÎQ¥>m_°{\\$H$am∞ä gBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$AO_oa,nmcr,CX`nwaEdß ^rcdmãS>m ZJ[a`mEdß JJcmQ>mÎH${S>nmo{OQ≤>g,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)11316. 1966-67) _________, 1977.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$AÎQ¥>m_°{\\$H$am∞ä gBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwaEdß _________, Edß Mm°Yar,nr.EZ.,1971.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og Syß>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75)5423-24. _oQ>ÎgBZXJw_Q>rZmcmE[a`m{Z`aAMamoc,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ MVwd}Xr,E.,1984.EÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$XH$m~m}ZoQ>~mãS>rOEdß Egmo{gE{Q>S>am∞ä g{dXBZX (E\\$.Eg.1969-70). B›QØ>{gd~oamMJ´oZmBQ> BZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT> Edß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, MmßSo>,dr.S>r.,1984.arOZcBßQ>rJ´oQo>S>gd}\\$m∞agM© Am∞\\$Qß>JÒQ>Z,{Q>ZEdß Egmo{gE{Q>S> amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84). {_ZaÎgBZAm~w-{gamohr-nmcr-Omcm°agoä Q>a,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ Mm°Yar,nr.EZ.,1973.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZnmQ©≤>g (E\\$.Eg.1982-83). Am∞\\$O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1971-72). MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,E.Ho$.,{Jc,nr.Eg.Edß ^Q>ZmJa,nr.Eg.,1995.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞Z Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aQß>JÒQ>ZEdß {c{W`_Egmo{gE{Q>S> {dXgo~[a`mJ´oZmBQ> _________, 1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZ~mXemhnwaE[a`m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)74526-27. flbyQ>mZ,ZmJm°a,nmcrEdß AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1990- 94)23243-44. _________, 1975.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZBZYm°cm MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,~r.,_wImonm‹`m`,E.Ho$.Edß qghB©,Ama.Ho$.,1984.goqH$S>BßV[a_[anmoQ©> E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)6534-34. Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aQß>JÒQ>Z{Z`a~mÎXm{dcoO,{gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, Edß ZoJr,Ama.Eg.,1983.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞aH$m∞na amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82). BZYycmE[a`m,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-79)10877. _________, Edß _________, 1986.\\$moW© BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJeZ Mm°Yar,EZ.nr.,1967.n´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$noΩ_oQ>mBQ≤>gBZnmQ≤©>g \\$m∞aQß>JÒQ>Z{Z`a~mÎXm{dcoO,{gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Am∞\\$^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66).890,2002, 1982-83). 2125. _________, Edß MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,Eg.1987.noQ¥>mocmoOrAm∞\\$X~amo{S>`mflbyQ>mZ, _________,1970.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXn´r{c{_ZoarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$noΩ_oQ>mBQ≤>gAm∞\\$ amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1985-86)22195-96. Q>m|H$,AO_oa,CX`nwa,Syß>JanwaEdß~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, Edß _________, 1989.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXnoQ¥>mocmoOrAm∞\\$nmoÒQ>-{XÑ r 1969-70)1145,12721-22. E{gS>_°Ω_o{Q>¡_BZamOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-88)20376-81. _________, EßS>JJ©,Ama.Ec.1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZJ´o\\$mBQ>B›doÒQ>rJoeZBZImßSy> _________, Edß _________, 1995.noQ¥>mocmoOrAm∞\\$amnmH$sdrJ´oZmBQ≤>g „bm∞H$,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)4452-53.

P:111

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 103 _________, Edß _mWwa,Ama.Ho$,1974.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aqOH$Edß c°S> XŒmm,E.Ho$.Edß qgh,Eg.nr.,1976[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ JãT>-AOmZ-AJamocrEdß h`mVnwaE[a`m,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. Amog© Edß Jmogm›gBZamOnwam\"~r'Edß \"gr',_mcrIoãS>mEdß qgXoga-H$cm± Eg.1972-73).3744,7040-46. „cmä g,amOnwam-Xar~m~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1970-73)6735-36. _________, _hmamOmqgh,E.Ho$.{g›hm,nr.EZ.1976.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$_moamocr- Mm°a{g`m,nr.Ho$.1983.{O`mocmo{OH$c[anmoQ©>Am∞ZnmQ©>Am∞\\$S>mJmo ImQw>_a,IdmEdß H$am°cr-qhS>m°Z-_mgcnwaE[a`mAm∞\\$^aVnwaEdß gdmB© _mYmonwa codmcr{hÎgAm∞\\$O`nwaEdßgdmB©_mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75).11293. 1977-78)10885. _________, Edß ~mgw,Eg.Ho$,1977.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocm{OH$c _________, 1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$,{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$_cmZr _°qnJEamC›S>_›YmZ,H$`mgm,Hw$Q>rZm,Q>nyH$ãS>mEdß AßSy>aE[a`mO,Acda Bær`ggyQ> Am∞\\$amä gEamC›S> Pw›PwZyß Edß {ncmZr,Pw›PwZyß Edß MyÍ$$ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75).5763-44,7286,7745, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-80)11501-02. 7776-78. MmdSo>,E_.nr.Edß M›X´mgoH$aZ,dr.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ XŒmm,Ec.EZ.1967.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß BZnmQ©>Am∞\\$~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66)12308-09. _________, Edß _________, 1985.{O`mocmoOrEdß ÒQ¥>ä MaAm∞\\$XE[a`m _________, 1968.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>, EamC›S>~mãS>_oa{dXÒnoecao\\$ao›gQy>_cmZrBær`ggyQ>(E\\$.Eg.1983- ^rcdmãS>mEdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZB›H$cy{S>S>BZQ>monmoerQ>gߪ`m45 84).14354. K/8Edß 45L/5(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)12679-80. _________, Edß _________, eaZ,Ama.Ama.,1986.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$ _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>Edß {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$~mãS>_oaEdß Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)41. (E\\$.Eg.1984-85). _________, 1970.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>Edß {MŒmm°ãS>m,dr.Ho$.Edß ^yfU,Eg.Ho$.1995.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX\\$cmÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$s, CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69)40. {O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rEdß nQ¥>moOoZo{ggAm∞\\$_cmZrBær`ggyQ> EamC›S> Hß$H$Ur, {gdmZmEdß^XamOZdoÒQ>Z©,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1990-94)22954. _________, 1971.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwaEdß {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)1134,7237- Mm°Yar,Eg.,1986.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\${XÑ rgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$am∞ä g 38,7370-71,7722-23. EamC›S> nZadm-gmo_-qQ>S>moarEdß Q>moaZmE[a`mO,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85)17280. _________, Edß JJ©,Ama.Ec.1975.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$J´o\\$mBQ> Xmg,E.Ama.,1973.µ E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZOmcmnwa-OmoQ>ar {S>nmo{OQ>,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1971-73). -JßJmoamE[a`m,AcdaEdß ^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1971- _________, Edß _________, 1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aJ´o\\$mBQ>BZ 72)2045,12649-50. gmgmH$moQ> -Ho$ganwam„bm∞H$,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg. _________, 1974.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ^m~Í$, 1972-73)4443-44. Ac_moXmEdß H$mocE[a`mO,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972- X`mc,~r.Edß {g›hm,E.nr.,1982µ.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX[aH$ZoQ>arQ¥o>dg©gBZamOJãT>-am_JãT> 73)7189-90,13452. E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Acda,amOÒWmZ\\$m∞agM© Am∞\\$\\$moÒ\\$moamBQ>BZg[aÒH$mEdß _________, 1975.E[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZYm°cm- Hw$ecJãT> \\$m_}eZAm∞\\$AO~JãT> J´wnAm∞\\${XÎbrgwnaJ´wn(E\\$.Eg. {~cmoX-O_dmam_JãT> E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1980-81)13001-02. 1973-74)11296. _________, Edß_________, 1984.[aH$Zogo›ggd}O\\$m∞agM©\\$m∞a\\$mÒ\\$moamBQ> _________, Edß O°Z,Ama.Ho$.,1977.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c BZAamdcrEdß {XÎbrgwnaJw´nAm∞\\$amä gBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$gmCXZ© amOÒWmZ _°qnJBZnmdQ>m-AOrVJãT> -emhnwam,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>g,grH$aEdß O`nwa, Edß BZ{gcopä Q>S>E[a`mOBZAcdaEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-77)5345-46,13484-85. Eg.1982-83)12942-43,13120-21. _________, Edß eaZ,Ama.Ama.,1985.EZBßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ {S>nmQ©>_o›Q> Am∞\\$_mB›gEdß {O`mocmoOr,CX`nwa1963.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a Am∞\\$H$m∞naAHo$ao›gBZXn´VmnJãT>-am`gaE[a`mAm∞\\$AcdaEdß O`nwa d_uä `ycmBQ>BZAO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1958-59,60- {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84)14392. 61Edß 61-62)2182. _________, Edß {g›hm,dr.nr.1977.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1964,[anmoQ©>Am∞Z~°am`Q≤>gB›doÒQ>rJoeZam_qghnwamE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> _°qnJBZZm`cm-~o›S>mam-H$mdmE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. Acda,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-63)2184. Eg.1974-75)542930. _________, 1972.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXdmc°ÒQ>moZmBQ> Edß H°$ÎgmBQ> {S>nm{OQ> Am∞\\$ XmgJw·m,S>r.Oo.,1997.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXqgWo{ggAm∞\\$So>Q>mAm∞Znwa-~Zoam ~mÎH$m_Jam,{gamohr-{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,Acda,amOÒWmZ. _oQ>mogoS>r_o›Q>ar~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>mEdß {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. _________, 1974,[anmoQ©> Am∞Znm`amBQ>≤gB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZImadm-Jmo[a`m Eg.1995-96).23183. (Ωdm[a`m)E[a`m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa,amOÒWmZ1929.

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104 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU Xoe_wI,Or.nr.Edß ^yfU,~r.,1968.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXQ¥o>dg}gQo>H$ZBZgM© Am∞\\$ _________, 1982.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞ac°S> -qOH$-H$m∞na \\$mÒ\\$moamBQ>BZXdoÒQ>Z© nmQ©>Am∞\\$OmoYnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. {_ZaocmBOoeZBZXXar~m-gyamg„bm∞H$Am∞\\$nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m 1966-67)205,309. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74).10195. _________, Edß_________,1968.En´rcr_rZoar[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX\\$mÒ\\$moamBQ> EoÌdam,1985.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na-c°S>-qOH$BZ~amß{R>`mIwX© E[a`m, {S>nmo{OQ>{Z`a\\$VohJãT>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966- nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84).14341. 67).66. \\$arXCX≤XrZEdß aoS≤>S>r,E_.Eg.1988.ÒQ¥>ä Ma,ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$s,{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>r,noQ¥>moOoZo{gg _________, {_l,Eg.nr.Edß {~Ìdmg,gr.1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$ E S>_°Qo>cmoOZrAm∞\\$\\w$cmXAmo{\\$`mocmBQ>gyQ>Am∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJw´nBZgo›Q¥>c \\$mÒ\\$moamBQ>BZ~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)187. amOÒWmZ-Xgod[a`m-_mo`ZmQ¥>m›goä Q>(E\\$Eg1986-87)18893. _________, Edß,{_lm,{ednyOZ.,1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$ \\$mÍ$H$s,EZ.EM.1978.En´r{c_oZoar[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEgog_°›Q>Am∞\\$X~wc\\°$_mBQ>Omo›gBZX XcmR>r\\$m_}eZBZ~mãS>_oaEdß O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Ecydr`c{S>nm{OQ>≤gaodV{hÎg,{Z`aSo>JmZm,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>ZmJm°a,amOÒWmZ 1967-68).157. (E\\$.Eg.1975-76)9807-08. _________, Edß _________, 1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ _________, Edß EoÌdam,1980.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´rπ$mQ>Z©argmo{cS>{O`mocmoOrBZnmQ©≤>g nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~mãS>_oaEdß O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968- Am∞\\$JßJmZJa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1979-80).11319-20. 69)115,7163-64,7420. _________, Edß _________, 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmoOrH$c_°qnJBZ _________,Edß _________, 1973.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$ nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~rH$mZoaEdß JßJmZJa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981- ~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71). 82).12621. Xod{n´`Z,Or.dr.,1964.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXc°S>-H$m∞naB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZcmohmImZEdß _________, Edß _________, 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmoOrH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$ n´r-ä dmQ©>ZarOBZnmQ©>Am∞\\$~rH$mZoaEdß O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$ VmamJãT>E[a`mO,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-93). Eg.1982-83).12628. _________, 1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$AO_oaEdß ZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZAm∞ZQ>monmoerQ> Edß 45 J/10; 45 J/NE Edß Jm`H$dmãS>,Ec.S>r.,1980.ÒH$mZ© -Q>mBnAHo$ao›ggAm∞\\$Qß>JÒQ>Z{_ZaocmBOoeZBZ 45 I/SE {dXÒnoecao\\$a|gQy>~og_°Q>cAH$ao›gg(E\\$.Eg.1966-67). nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$qnS>dmãS>mE S> ZmZm,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g{gamohr,nmcrEdß CX`nwa, amOÒWmZQ>monmoerQ>45 I/1 EdßG/4 (E\\$.Eg.1978-80). _________, 1972.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEgog_°›Q>Am∞\\$c°S>-qOH${S>nm{OQ>≤gBZgmda _________, n[ahma,gr.nr.Eg.Edß ewä bm,amOo›X´m,1984.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$ E[a`m,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67Edß 1970-71). nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$N>r>nm-~ãS>moXEdß N>m~ãS>mVhgrÎg,H$moQ>mEdß PmcmdmãS> 10408,10457. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81)13066-67. _________, Edß {_lm.Eg.nr.,1969.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXQ¥o>dg}g\\$m∞a\\$mÒ\\o$Q>BZnmQ©≤>g _________, 1985.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aercmBQ> {_ZaocmBOoeZ Am∞\\$AO_oa,^rcdmãS>m,~y±XrEdß Q>m|H${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Egmo{g`oeZ{dXÒH$mZ© amä g,nmS>acm-~rOmnwaE[a`m,nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, 1967-68). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84).15787. _________, Edß 1970.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$Eg~oÒQ>m∞g{S>nmo{OQ>{Z`a JßJmonm‹`m`,Eg.1976.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a_mcr„coS>Z_-`yZo{Z`_Edß H$mZdcmB©,AO_oa{S>pÒQ>ä Q¥>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68).75, Egmo{g`o{Q>S> {_ZaÎgBZXKmQo>ÌdaE[a`m,IßSo>cm,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, 1987,12731. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76)5223-24. XrdmZ,EM.Ama.,1942.EemQ©>ZmoQ>Am∞ZXar~mH$m∞na_mB›g,AcdaÒQo>Q>(E\\$Eg. JJ©,Ama.Ec.,1974.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>~m±gdmãS>m, 1940-41).16790. ~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)4447-48. Ymam,E_.Ho$.,1971.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZarOZcEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$c°S> -qOH$-H$m∞na JR>m{Z`m,Ama.gr.,MmdãSo>,E_.nr.Kmof,Eg.nr.Edß Mß›X´meoH$aZ,dr.,1984.E[anmoQ©> {S>nmo{OQ>≤gBZXnwa-~Zoam,~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X_cmZrBΩZr`ggyQ>BZnmQ©≤>g 1969-70).2552. Am∞\\$~mãS>_oa,OmoYnwa,Omcm°aEdß nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1978.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZX~Zoam[aOd© \\$m∞aoÒQ> 1981-82)12622. „bm∞H$,nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973- _________, gyX,EZ.Ho$.Jw·m,nr.,Jw·m,Or.nr.Edß Jwhm,S>r.~r.1995.[anmoQ>© 75).6741-42. Am∞Z_ÎQ>r-{S>grflboZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_°Q>cBZIoVãS>r~oÎQ>,grH$a _________,1978.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cgBZqgXogaIwX© E[a`m EdßPw›PwZßy{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1993-94)23289. Am∞\\$amOnwam-Xar~m~oWwÂ~r~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Kmof,Ama.EZ.1971.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß Q¥o>dg}g{dXÒnoecao\\$ao›gQy> X 1974-75)9705. BH$moZmo{_H${_Zac[agmogo©gAm∞\\$XE[a`m,EamC›S> H$mocm`V,~rH$mZoa _________, 1978.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$c°S>-qOH${S>nmo{OQ>BZX{VaßJm {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)1144. {hc„bm∞H$,nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. KmofEg.Ho$.EQ>Ec.1983.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEQ>gaXmanwam 1974-76)7085-86. „bm∞H$,Pw›PwZßy{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-79)10848.

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 105 _________, EQ>Ec.,1984.{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞agÎ\\$mBS>{_ZaocmBOoeZEQ> _°Qo>cmoOZrAm∞\\$X\\w$cmXAmo{\\$`mocmBQ>gyQ>Am∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJ´wnBZgo›Q¥>c _H$ãS>r„bm∞H$,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80) amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1985-86)19061. 11746-47. JwflVm,Eg.EZ.,1961.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$(Q>monmoerQ> _________, 1981.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEQ>am_nwam,Z°cmH$sãT>mUrEdß 45M/16 )O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1959-60)1935, H$a_mar„cmä g,Pw›PwZßy {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,> amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81) 13463,17145.µ 10924. _________, 1961.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$H°$grQo>amBQ>{S>nm{OQ> _________, 1984.{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞ac°S>Edß qOH$BZKyJam„bm∞H$,AO_oa EQ> nmamocr,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-61). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80Qy>1983-84)12932. 17434. Kmof,Eg.nr.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXπ$mQ>Z©ar{O`mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rOBZ~mUJßJm~o{gZ, _________, 1962.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$XO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g^aVnwaEdß Acda,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)12737- amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-61)1930,13467-68. 38. _________, 1962.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XAm`aZAmoa{S>nmo{OQ>≤g Kmof,Eg.Eg.EQ>.Ec.,1982.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤g {Z`a_moarOmEdßam_nwam,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-62). Am∞\\$AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82)11147, _________, 1962.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$ 11195. O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-62)1979,13466. _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ _________, 1963.{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$nmcr AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)13094-95. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63). J´moda,E.Ho$.1986.\\$moQ>mo{O`mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>r\\$m∞acmoHo$qQ>Jn´mo{_qgJÒH$mZ© Omo›g\\$m∞a gM© Am∞\\${Q>Z-Qß>JÒQ>Z{_ZaocmOoeZBZAO_oaEdß nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, _________, 1965.{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcr {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85)18964. _________, Edß d_m©,Ama.Or.,1994.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä ÒflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$^w{H$`m _________, 1965.n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XAm`aZAmoa{S>nmo{OQ≤>g{Z`a ~mJmocr-gam`,Jm±dcr,ZB© T>mUr,{n`mAmo H$sImZ,ZmaãS>m-ZmZmodmgEdß JmoÎS> n´moÒnoä Q>,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1992-93). nmnãS>m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)821,972. 22437-38. _________,_________, J{ãT>`m,Eg.Eg.,JmocmZr,nr.Ama.n´^mH$a,Ho$. _________, 1966.[anmoQ©> Am∞Zn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X{g{cH$mgo›S> {S>nm{OQ>{Z`a{Pa,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). gVreHw$_maEdß OmQ>,Ama.Ec.,1997.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä ÒflbmoaoeZ Am∞\\$doÒQ> „bm∞H$^w{H$`m(OJnwam)JmoÎS> n´moÒnoä Q>,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, 1966.{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcrEdß amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1992-96)23287. AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65).976. Jwhm,S>r~r.Edß am`Mm°Yar,E.,1996.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{S>Qo>ÎS>ÒQ>S>rEcmßJJ´oQ>~mC›S>ar _________, 1966.{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$AO_oaEdß \\$mÎQ>BZgdmB© _mYmonwagoä Q>a,gdmB© _mYmonwa,Q>m|H$Edß H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66).935,995, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1994-95)23408-09. 2004,2124. Jw·m,~r.Oo.gr.1977.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$_mhr-~OmOgmJa [aOdm©`aE[a`m,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76) _________, 1968.{gÒQo>_{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>(Q>monmoerQ>45-15),amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67).460. 7264,7512. _________, 1981.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$cBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~m±gdmãS>mEdß _________, 1969.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞acmB_ÒQ>moZ{Z`a Xodcrh˛cmZ,nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1999-67)69. {MŒmm°ãS>JãT> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)10561, 10570-71. _________, 1969.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XEÒ~oÒQ>mg{S>nm{OQ>BZAO_oa,nmcrEdß _________, 1984.EZmoQ> Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$S>mocmo_mBQ> Edß {gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68).169,16304. cmB_ÒQ>moZBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978- _________, 1971.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a{~pÎSß>JEdß AmoaZm_|Q>cÒQ>mo›gAm∞\\$H$moQ>m, 79)11410-11. nmcrEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤gamOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)1305, JwflVm,gr.Ec.,1970.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>m 13465. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)1133,13182-83. _________, Edß OwÀer,dmB©,1973.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ{dXao\\$aogß Qy> JwflVm,nr.Edß _wImonm‹`m`,Ho$,1988.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZÒQ¥>ä Mg©,ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$s,{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>rEdß XB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞acmB_ÒQ>moZBZ~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. noQ¥>moOoZo{ggAm∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJw´nBZgmCW-go›Q¥>camOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg. 1971-72).4203-04. 1986-87)18886-19580. hanmdV,gr.Ec.Edß Kmof,Oo.Ho$.1977.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJBZ_mZgmJa _________, EQ>Ec.1987.ÒQ¥>ä Ma,ÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$s,{O`moHo${_ÒQ¥>r-noQ¥>moOoZo{ggEdß „bm∞H$IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-

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106 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU 77)6044-45. _________, 1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>{gd{X`m hmoa,E_.Ho$.E S>hanmdV,gr.Ec.1972.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZBZgVHw$B©- -AmoæmE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75) S>mH$moQ>mgoä eZ,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 11306. 1969-72)1928. Om_dmc,Ama.Eg.1983.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z~S>m}X~og_°Q>cn´moÒnoä Q>,Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, BH$~mcwX≤XrZ,1965.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81)13040-41. {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)965,13352- _________, 1983.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZKmQ>r-Jmo{S>`mZmE[a`m,O`nwa 53,174333. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-83)13058-59. _________, 1966.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß _________, 1985.~og_°Q>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZZamB© E[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84)14346. _________, Edß _mWwa,Ama.Ho$.,1967.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>g _________, 1986.~og_°Q>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZZamB© E[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, Am∞\\$c°S>-qOH$~oÎQ>Am∞\\$Omda,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-85)16652,17287. 1965-66)915.16356-57. P±da,E_.Ec.,1965.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$X_mBH$m-~oÎQ>Am∞\\$AO_oa-_admam, _________, 1970,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$c°S>-qOH$ AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)815,11352. ~oÎQ> Am∞\\$Omda,{S>pÒQ¥>ä QCX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68) _________, Edß_mWwa,Amonr.,1968.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$Am`aZ-Amoa{S>nm{OQ>≤g 16352-53,16861. BZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$grH$aEdß Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ~mB© {O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1970,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$c°S>-qOH$ _°qnJAm∞ZE`a\\$moQ>moJ´m‚gEdß flboZQo>~c_°qnJ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66). ~oÎS> Am∞\\$Omda,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,CX`nwaamOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69) _________, 1969.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$XE[a`m{~Q>drZIßSo>cm,H$moQ>arEdß ^S>dmar, 16354-55,22267. grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68). _________, EQ>.Ec.,1971,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ gcyÂ~a-~m±gdmãS>m~oÎQ>,CX`nwaEdß ~mßgdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. _________, _mWwa,Amo.nr.Edß AJ´dmc,dr.Ho$.1970.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ gmCWB©ÒQ>Am∞\\$Zr_-H$m-WmZm,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>grH$a,amOÒWmZ{dXao\\$aßgQy> Eg.1969-70)1330,13124-25. Am`aZAmog© (E\\$.Eg.1967-68)17833-34. _________, 1983,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$~mßgdmãS>mEdß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1971-72)11307. OmoJ,AmaOr,Iao,Or.gr.,dm±My,E_.Ho$.Edß hmoao,E_.Ho$.1972.H$›gmocrSo>{Q>S>[anmoQ©> Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZ^Jm°ZrE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Acda,amOÒWmZ O{ãS>`m,Eg.Ho$.,1981.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aEo_aoÎS>BZQ>moä H$s- (E\\$.Eg.1963-72)1783. H$mcrJw_mZE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(Q>monmoerQ>45 G/14 Edß 15, E\\$.Eg.1978-79,79-80)1143. Omoer,Eg.E_.Edß {_lm,{ednyOZ,1967.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$O`nwa {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66)12511-12. _________, 1985.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{S>Qo>ÎS>{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmamgmocrE[a`m _________, 1969.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$X_mZmdmg-Hw$ecJãT>-H$mcrImocE[a`m, {Z`aXyXy,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84)15781. Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)174. O°Z,Ama.Eg.Edß Xod{n´`Z,Or.dr.1965.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$c°S> AHo$a|ggBZgmda,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64) _________, 1970.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69). 819,977. _________, 1965.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarEä Om_rZoeZAm∞\\$XAHo$a|ggBZ _________, 1973.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$Hw$hmãS>mJmogmZOmoZ,O`nwa {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71). ^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)816,978. _________, 1967.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$H$m∞naAHo$a|ggBZX H$Ñ ˛a°`m,dr.Ho$.Ho$.,1978.Am∞Znmocr_oQo>{cH${_ZaocmBOoeZAm∞\\$~m{c`m,XodcEdß hWmoãS>rE[a`m,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)817. JJZ~oÎQ>,Syß>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77). _________, Edß Xod{n´`Z,Or.dr.,1967.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$ _________, 1980.Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Sy±>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, c°S>AHo$aoßggBZgmda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66) amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79). 474,13318. H$nya,Eg.gr.,1962.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$X^rcdmãS>m O°Z,Eg.Eg.,1974.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZHw$›Mmocr- {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(Q>monmoerQ>45 K/4, EE\\$.Eg.1978-79). JmoJw›XmE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)6559- H$ÈZmH$aZ,gr.,1950.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocm{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$„`mda, 60,13152-53. AO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1948-50)13273-74,11354. _________, Edß {Jc,nr.Eg.1996.Qß>JÒQ>Z{_ZacH$mo_mo{S>Q>rgd}OBZamOÒWmZ _________, 1954.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> (E\\$.Eg.1994-95). 45K/1 AO_oa-_admam,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.194'9-51)11363.

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 107 _________, 1952.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$„`mda, BZXmZdm-AOmar-nrnocmEdß ES>OmoBqZJE[a`mO{n S>dmam-dmQo>am {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1951-52)13271-72. goä Q>a,{gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1990-96)23413-15. _________, 1954.[anmoQ©>Am∞Zn´moÒnopä Qß>J\\$m∞aEÒ~oÒQ>mogBZXH$moQ>am[aOÏS©>\\$m∞aoÒQ>, _________, aoS≤>S>r~r.dr.Ama.,gmhˇ,Ama.Ec.Edß nQo>cEg.EZ.,1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X{d›‹`›gBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ AO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1953-54)13322. {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). H$meram_,1982.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZJwacm(ZmW©)„bm∞H$- ^rcdmãS>mE[a`m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-79). _________, Edß nQo>c,Eg.EZ.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1983.~og_°Q>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZaodmamE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>^rcdmãS>m, _°qnJAm∞\\$X{d›‹`›gBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$H$moQ>mEdß PmcmdmãS> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-79). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). H$m°am,Eg.gr.,1984.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_°Q>cBZEä gQo>ßeZAm∞\\$JmoO-nmacmEdß H$moQ>raoS≤>S>r,~r.~r.,1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S>Qo>ÎS>_°qnJBZImo E[a`m,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _m{Q>`mE[a`mO,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74).1622-23. 13056-57. _________, 1983.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZVoOdmcmH$m∞naB›doÒQ>rJoeZgrH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, 1985.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cBZXEä gQo>ßeZAm∞\\$JmoO-nmacm amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77Qy>1979-80)11347-48. Edß _m{Q>`mE[a`mO,~mßgdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84) _________, Edß ZoJr,Ama.Eg.1984.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEdß _mocr„So>Z_ 14333. {_ZaocmBOoeZBZXBßQ>a{dqZJ(Amocm-H$s-T>mUr)„bm∞H$,VoOdmcm- _________, 1985.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cgÎ\\$mBS>≤gBZXMmar-_mZnwam {MncVmE[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1978-81). ~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85)16135, H•$ÓUm_y{V©,EZ.,1970.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$gdmB© _mYmonwa {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70).13279-80. 17288. Ho$XmaZmam`U,1952.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ _________, 1973.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZXE[a`m{Z`a{gamohr, „`mda,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa(E\\$.Eg.1951-52).13310. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71). Ho$edmZr,Ho$.~r.,Edß amOoeM›X´m,E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX_m~©c{S>nm{OQ≤>gAm∞\\${H$eZJãT> Hw$ar`Z,Q>r.Ho$.,1949.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)2185. 45 J/16, 45 K/9 Edß 13BZAO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1948-49). ImZ,B©.E.Edß Va\\$Xma,Eg.EZ.,1969.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß 13281-82. n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$cmB_ÒQ>moZBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ZmJm°aEdß OmoYnwa _________, 1950.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68). 45 N/4 Edß 8,45 O/1, 2 Edß 5BZAO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1949-50). _________, 1969.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$OmoYnwa 13283-84. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69).12655-56. _________, 1951.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> _________, 1971.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$OmoYnwaEdß ZmJm°a 45 J/10 Edß14BZAO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1950-51). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)7362-66. _________, 1952.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> _________, 1973.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZOmoYnwa-nrnmãS> amoS> 45 J/7 Edß11BZAO_oa-_admam(E\\$.Eg.1951-52). E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q¥>g>OmoYnwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71)13178-79. _________, 1953.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>monmoerQ> _________, Edß cmc,E.Ho$.,1973.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>gAm∞\\$OmoYnwa 45 J/10 Edß 11BZAO_oa-_admamEdß amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1952-53). Edßnmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1971-72)2952,7057-60. 13285-86. _________, E S>cmc,dr.nr.,1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞anm∞gr~c cmcdr.nr.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$_moH$cHß${S>`mcmE[a`m, Qß>JÒQ>Z{_ZaocmBOoeZEamC›S>XSo>JmZm{S>nm{OQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>ZmJm°a,amOÒWmZ O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)11303. (E\\$.Eg.1971-72). _________, goZ,E.Ho$.Edß drao›X´ Hw$_ma,1984.E[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$ _________, Edß goZJwflVm,Eg.Ama.1979.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$h_ram-H$ZmoX-lr_mohZJãT>E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> Egog_°›Q>Am∞\\$~°›Q>moZmBQ>Edß {gcr{g`gAW© BZ{~gw H$cm± -nwgmX-Yadr O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80). IwX©E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>~mãS>_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). _________, EQ>.Ec.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ IwÎba,dr.Ho$.Edß ^yfU,Eg.Ho$.,1986.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z~og_°Q>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZ_cmZr O°gc_oaEdß~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82). BΩZr`ggyQ> EamC›S> gßH$am,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _mYdamd,E_.Ama.1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O°gc_oa {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). 1984-85)14393. {H$a_mZr,AmB©.Ama.,1997.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aJmoÎS>BZ_°{\\$H$- _________, 1976.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O°gc_oa AÎQ¥>m_°{\\$H$amä g[aco{Q>S>Qy>Amo{\\$`mocmBQ≤>gAm∞\\$XgmCW{XÑ r\\$moÎS>~oÎQ> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74).

P:116

108 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU _________, Edß cmc,dr.nr.1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>g _mßOaoH$a,~r.Eg.,1961.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ Am∞\\$~mãS>_oaEdßO°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75). AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1959-60)1937,11356. _________, Edß _________, 1977.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ _________, 1962.En´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XEoÒ~oÒQ>mg nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76) {S>nm{OQ>≤gBZAO_oa,^rcdmãS>m,Syß>Janwa,nmcr,{gamohrEdß CX`nwa 13486-87. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-61)13320. _________, 1978..[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O°gc_oa _________, 1962.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$XJmaZoQ> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77).6220-21. {S>nmo{OQ>≤g,{Z`aamO_hc(Q>moßH${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>)Edß gmda(AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>) _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX~o›Q>moZmBQ>{S>nm{OQ≤>g{Z`aXmdH$mEdß amOamc, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961'62).811,13354. ~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79).11327-28. _________, 1962.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$XQ>m|H$ _hmOZ,dr.S>r.1963.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$H$m∞na{S>nmo{OQ≤>g{Z`aH$moQ>ar {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-62)13620-21. {dcmoVmEdß Ho$amodcr,ZmW¤mamVhgrc,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$. _________, 1963.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>m Eg.1961-62)979,12715-16. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63)11351. _hmOZ,dr.S>r.1965.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$H$m∞nac°S>{S>nmo{OQ>≤g _________, 1964.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß {MŒmm°ãS>JãT> Am∞\\$Xnwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963- {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64)1013,11350. 64)1045,13308-09. _________, 1966.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$H$m∞naAHo$a|gg{Z`a _________, 1966.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$X M°Znwam,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> ^rcdmãS>m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)517, ^rcdmãS>mEdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)2023. 1034. _________, 1966.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$EoÒ~oÒQ>m∞g{S>nmo{OQ>≤g{Z`aOmoJr _________, 1966.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXAHo$a|gAm∞\\$H$m`oZmBQ>{Z`anmXarN>moQ>r,Syß>Janwa -H$m-JwãT>m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1965-66)1049. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65).552,962. ..........,1968.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEÒ~oÒQ>m∞g{Z`a~Am∞Zm(^rcdmãS>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>),H$Zmo{V`m- _________, 1966.MmBZmä co {S>nmo{OQ> {Z`aH$mam~[a`m-H$m-JwãT>m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> _mZnwam(nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>)Edß ZmB©IwX© (AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>),amOÒWmZ(E\\$. CX`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)58. Eg.1966-67).91. _________, 1970.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> _mWwa,E.Ho$.,drao›X´ Hw$_ma,am`,S>r.Ho$.,_m°am,Ec.E_.Eg.,e_m©,dr.nr.,{Jc,nr. {MŒmm°ãS>JT>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1965-66)23,2011. Eg.,{edeßH$aZ,Eg.Eg.Edß gm›`mc,Eg.,1998.arOZcEgog_°›Q> Am∞\\$J´oZmBQ≤>gEOS>mB_|eZcEdß So>H$moao{Q>dÒQ>mo›gBZamOÒWmZ,Bß{S>`m _hmamOmqgh,EM.Oo.Edß XŒmm,E.Ho$.,1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c (E\\$.Eg.1995-97). _°qnJBZam`gm-~cXa~mgw,S>rJEdß Hw$ÂhoaE[a`mO,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _mWwa,E.Ec.Edß am`,Eg.Ho$.,1972.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoÌZ\\$m∞anm`amBQ>,{namoQ>mBQ> amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1973-74)11291. BZ„cmä gD, E Edß A-1,{gdcr,gcmXrnwamE[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, Edß qgh,Eg.nr.,1976[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$_°qnJBZ{~dmZKmQ>m, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-70)1700. e_gm~mX,O°VmcH$mE[a`m,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1973- _________, Edß {_lm,gÀ`n´H$me,1968.n´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ 74).4520-21. Am∞\\$JmogmZOmo›g{Z`aH$H$Am∞Zm,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _Ow_Xma,Ho$.1985.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZEamC›S>{~Xmga 1966-67)165. -Xar~mE[a`m,MyÍ${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84).14339. _________, 1974.EZBßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZnm|H$-Zmdar _________, EQ>.Ec.1985.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ -H$H$Am∞ZmE[a`m,Pw›PwZyß{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71). nmQ©≤gAm∞\\$ZmJm°a,nmcr,~rH$mZoa,O°gc_oa,OmoYnwaEdß MyÍ${S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, _________, 1974.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZnm|H$-Zmdar-H$H$Am∞Zm amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84). E[a`m,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69Qy>1972-73) _________, Wflnm,~r.S>r.,\\$arXCX≤XrZEdß H$_c,nr._________ 65. {gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ZmJm°a,~rH$mZoaEdß MyÍ$ _________, 1974.[anmoQ©>Am∞Zn´r{c_oZarEn´oOc\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZg_Am∞\\$X[anmo{Q©>S> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85)16446,17283. AHo$a|ggBZPw›PwZyß{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). _ÎhmoÃm,E.Ho$.E S> ^Q≤>Q>mMmaOr,Oo.1985.BßQ>rJ´o{Q>S> gd}\\$m∞aEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$ _mBH$m-noΩ_oQ>mBQ≤>gBZ^rcdmãS>m,_mBH$m~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983- _________, Edß H$moQ>raoS≤>S>r,~r.~r.,1975.EZBßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZQo>ÒQ>{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞a H$m∞naBZ~mcoÌdagrH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). 84)15783. _ÎhmoÃm,Or.1990._oQ>m_mo{\\©$H$Q¥>m›goä Q>ÒQ>S>rOAm∞ZX_mßJcdmãS>Edß XqhS>mocram∞H$ _________, Edß qgh,Ama.EZ.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZ {gπ|$ggBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß ~ßyXr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. hmOrdmg-H$m›Vr-nmamocrE[a`m,OhmOnwa~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, 1988-89).20523. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84).µ 14331.

P:117

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 109 _mWwaEc.EZ.1984.π$mQ>Z©ar{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß {O`mo_moa\\$mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rOBZX {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73).4735/4737. cmoAa[aMOAm∞\\$cyZr~o{gZ,~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1974.n´r{c_oZarEn´oOcAm∞\\$J´o\\$mBQ>AHo$a|g{Z`aAÂ~mEdß ^m±dQ>m 1981-82). E[a`mO,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,> amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73).4814, _________, 1986.π$mQ>Z©ar{O`mocmo{OH$c,{O`mo_moa\\$mocmo{OH$cÒQ>S>rOBZnmQ©>≤g 13164-65. Am∞\\$AnacyZr~o{gZ,OmoYnwa,nmcrEdß Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. {_Ãm,Eg.Ho$.,1970.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXAHo$a|gAm∞\\$dmc°ÒQ>moZmBQ>{Z`aIoãS>m-Cnacm, Eg.1984-85). nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70). _mWwa,Ama.Ho$.1963.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa _________, am_qcJ_,Or.Edß `mXd,E_.Ec.,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63).11354,11359. {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$amä g{~Q>drZnrgmßJZEdß _________,1963.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$XCX`nwaEdß „`mda,AO_oaEdßnmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82). ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63).11368. _________, Edß Mm°Yar,Eg.1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ _________, 1966.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa Am∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$amä gBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwaEdß {gamohr {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). _________, 1984.EZmoQ>Am∞Z~mä gmBQ>AHo$a|gBZPmcmdmãS>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _moh›Vr,E_.Edß ^yfU,Eg.Ho$.1985.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a{Q>Z- (E\\$.Eg.1973-74)11404-05. Qß>JÒQ>ZEdß _mocr„So>Z_BZJ´oZmBQ≤>gAm∞\\$_cmZrBær`ggyQ>(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1984.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cgÎ\\$mBS≤>gBZX 1983-84)14353. OhmOnwa~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75) _wH$Ou,E.Ho$.,{g›hm,Ama.Ho$.Zao›X´ qghEdß Amo_n´H$me.1977.EZBßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞Z XarOZcJ´o{dQ>rEdß_°æo{Q>H$gd}BZXJ°nE[a`m{~Q>drZZmW©{XÑ r\\$moÎS>~oÎQ> 11398-99. Edß gmCW{XÑ r\\$moÎS>~oÎQ>,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1995- _oham,Eg.Ec.1965.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a{OflgmBQ>BZ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, 96).23059-60. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64). _wH$Ou,~r.EQ>Ec.1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$E[aZnwam _________, 1966.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a{OflgmBQ>BZ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, J´oZmBQ>Edß _cmZrgyQ>Am∞\\$Bær`gamä gBZ{gamohrEdß Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65).1044,1097. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76).11961. _________, {Vdmar,AmaHo$.Edß Omoer,Eg.E_.,1969.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX _________, Edß_wacrYaZ,dr.1978.EZmoQ>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a\\$moÒ\\$moamBQ> BZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcr,OmoYnwa,ZmJm°aEdß Am∞\\$E[aZnwamJ´oZmBQ≤>gEdß _cmZrBær`ggyQ>Am∞\\$amä gBZ{gamohrEdß ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)158. Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77).11583-84. _________, Edß {~Ìdmg,gr.,1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a\\$moÒ\\$moamBQ> _________, nm`Zo,Q>r.Ho$.1979.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ BZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa,Sy±>JanwaEdß ~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. Am∞\\$X_cmZrgyQ> Am∞\\$Bær`gamä gBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, Eg.1968-69)63,8161. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79)11960. _ohVm,S>r.Ho$.Eg.,1949.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXΩcmgg|S> {S>nmo{OQ> {Z`a~amo{ãT>`m,~y±Xr ..........,Edß ..........1981.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1948-49)13417-18. _cmZrBær`ggyQ>BZ~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78) {_lm,E.Ho$.1984.{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZhZmo{Q>`m„bm∞H$,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>AO_oa, 11300. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg1979-80Edß 80-81)11745. _wH$Ou,Ho$.Ho$.Edß H$nya,Eg.gr.,1961.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{S>Qo>ÎS>{O`mocmo{OH$c {_lm,Ho$.Eg.1985.B›Q>rJ´o{Q>S> [a_moQ> g|qgJAm∞\\$X{_ZaocmB¡S> E[a`mOAm∞\\$X _°qnJAm∞\\$X~mßgdmãS>m_°ærOAmoa~oÎQ>,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. OhmOnwa~oÎQ>BZ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1984-85). Eg.1956-60)2134,13342. {_lm,Eg.Ho$.Mm°Yar,Eg.Edß Mm°Yar,AmB©.,1985.E[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$ _________, Edß _________ 1962.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X{XÑ rgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$amä gBZ{Wnmoam-~moH$mam nmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$X~mßgdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ{dXEZmoQ>Am∞ZXπ$m{cQ>rEdß E[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84). [aOÏg© Am∞\\$_°ærOAmoa(E\\$.Eg.1960-61)807,1023. {_lm,gÀ`n´H$me,1967.n´moJ´og[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤g _________, 1963.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$,_°qnJBZZmW©-doÒQ>Z© nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcr Am∞\\$AO_oaEdßO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1965-66). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1961-62),1620,13535. _________, 1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Zn´r{c_oZarEn´oOcAm∞\\$~og_°Q>cAHo$aßgBZ _wImonm‹`m`,E.Ho$.EQ>Ec.1975.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ O`nwa,grH$aEdß^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). OmoYnwaEdß~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). {_lm,Eg.nr.Edß Omoer,Eg.E_.1967.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O`nwa _________, 1976.BÎ`ygrSo>eZAm∞\\$gmo{cS>{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$Xg|S>Edß EÎ`yrd`_ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66).µ H$dS©>E[a`mOBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$MyÍ$$Edß ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. {_lm,{ednyOZ,1974.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$JmogoZmB¡S> OmoZ{Z`aMoZnwam,AO_oa Eg.1974-75)4734-35.

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110 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU _________, 1976.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarEn´oOcAm∞\\$~og_°Q>c{_ZaocmBOoeZ nmh˛Om,Ama.nr.Eg.1975.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$ E[a`m{~Q>drZSo>JmZm,hagmoaEdß AcZrdmg,ZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ BZ{hÎgdoÒQ>Am∞\\$_madmãS>~m{c`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>ZmJm°a,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1974-75)13539. (E\\$.Eg.1973-74). _wpä VZmW,ZQ>amOZ,S>„cy.Ho$.Edß _mWwa,E.Ec.1969.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a _________, Edß am_m{cJß_,Or,1978.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c nm`amBQ>-{namoQ>mBQ>BZ„bm∞H$&,gcmXrnwamE[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>amOÒWmZ _°qnJAm∞\\$E[a`m{~Q>drZ\\$Vohnwa,gmcmgaEdß {_Ãr,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤ggrH$a, (E\\$.Eg.1968-69).117. MyÍ$Edß ZmJm°a,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1987-88). _wHw$c,Eg.Eg.Edß {d_cHw$_ma,1984.{S>Qo>ÎS>{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß Eä gflbmoaoeZ nmc,Or.EZ.Edß Xmg,~r.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$ \\$m∞a~og_oQÎgBZCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80). CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ,Q>monmoerQ>Zß.45 H/12 (E\\$.Eg.1981-82) _w›er,Ama.Ec.1982.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~y±XrEdß ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, 12757-58. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). _________, 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ _________, 1976.EZBßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~o›Q>moZmBQ>BZ ~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ,(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)13090-91. {~gwH$cm± E[a`m,~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76). _________, Edß Jwhm,S>r.~r.1985.π$mQ>Z©ar{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß 4437-38. {O`mo_moa\\$mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZXcmoAacyZr~o{gZ,Omcm°aEdß ~mãS>_oa _________, 1977.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXBÎ`ygrSo>eZAm∞\\$gmo{cS> {O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85). EÎ`y{d`_H$dS©> E[a`mBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$~rH$mZoaEdß JßJmZJa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, _________, Edß adr›X´ Hw$_ma,1988.ä dmQ>Z©ar{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJnmQ©>≤ggr- amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)10882. Ia~am_hmOZ-a{O`mgaE[a`mO,JßJmZJaEdß ~rH$mZoa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, _wacrYZ,E_.nr.,1977.nmocr_oQo>{cH${_ZaocmBOoeZBZSo>ar-AÂ~mOrEä gQ|>eZOmoZ amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1987-88)2004-05,20305-06. {gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76). n[ahma,gr.nr.Eg.1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEgog_o›Q>Am∞\\$\\w$cg© AW© BZH$mocm`VE[a`m, Z°`a,Eg.~r.1977,[anmoQ>© Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarEn´oOcAm∞\\$X~og_°Q>c{_ZaocmBOoeZBZ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>~rH$mZoa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)4941-42. X{hcaoßOdoÒQ>Am∞\\$_odmãS>~m{c`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>ZmJm°a,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, Edß am_M›X´,1977.B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞anmoQ>meBZMyÍ$Edß ~rH$mZoa 1975-76)7181,7184. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-76)11136-37. Zag°Ê`m,~r.Ec.,1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞ZcmoamBQ>{S>nmo{OQ≤>gAm∞\\$Sy±>Janwa _________, Edß goR>,~r.Ho$.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$c°S>-qOH$ EdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). {S>nmo{OQ> BZX_mcrImoãS>m„bm∞H$,nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> _________, 1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞ZcmoamBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>≤gAm∞\\$Sy±>Janwa amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76Qy>1978-79)11394-95. EdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). _________, Edß ewä bm,amOo›X´,1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞ZcmoamBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>≤gAm∞\\$Sy±>Janwa _°qnJBZXä H$ZQ¥°>flgBZAH$coam-haZmdmãS>m-_ZmohaWmZmE[a`m, EdßCX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75). PmcmdmãS> Edß H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80) ZQ>amOZ,S>„cy,Ho$Edß _mWwa,E.Ec,1964..[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZ 11408-09. YZmoQ>m-CX`nwaeoImdQ>rVhgrc,Pw›PwZßy{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ&1035. nmoX≤Xma,~r.gr.Edß MQ>Ou,E.Ho$.1996.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$Xar~m-amOnwam _________, Edß _________1967.BZBßV>[a_[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX_°qnJEdß {_ZaocmB¡S> OmoZ,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65) Eä ÒflbmoaoQ>ar{S¥>qcJ\\$m∞anm`amBQ>-{namoQ>mBQ>BZgcmXrnwamE[a`m,grH$a 13688. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)1004,16346. n´gmX,~r.,1982.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$H$moQ>mEdßgdmB©_mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, ZoJr,Ama.Eg.,1976.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZBZKmQ>r- amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77). JmoS>`mZmE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75)3549. n´gmX.Ho$.Ho$.,1967.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZJ´mC›S>dmQ>aHß$S>reßgBZXcmoAaH°$M_o›Q>Am∞\\$~Zmg _________, 1981.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z~og_oQ>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZJmocnhmãS>r-nramIm arda{~Q>drZQ>m|H$Edß gdmB© _mYmonwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66). E[a`m,^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76)4469-70. nm`Zo,Q>r.Ho$.1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ _________, 1983.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX~og_oQ>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZZamB© E[a`m,grH$a gdmB©_mYmonwaEdßO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)4273. aKwZ›XZ,Ho$.Ama.,1970.En´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmoOrEdß H$m∞na{_ZaocmBOoeZ _________, Edß JR>m{Z`m,Ama.gr.,1984.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a BZT>mocm_mcm„bm∞H$,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Pw›PwZyß,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. H$m∞naBZXJmoc-~mXemhnwaE[a`m,O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Eg.1968-69). 1973-74Qy>1982-83)13060. _________, Edß Z›Xr,EM.1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naAmoaBZ nX≤_Zm^Z,dr.g_mX≤Xa,`y.Edß À`mJr,AmaHo$,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a Xodar„bm∞H$,H$mocrhmZgoä eZ,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. qOH$-c°S>BZqgXoXa-H$cm± (B©ÒQ>)„bm∞H$,amOnwam-Xar~m-~oWwÂ~r~oÎQ>, 1968-69Edß 69-70). CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-79)17414-15. _________, nmW©gmaWr,Ho$.Edß dm±My E_.Ho$.,1974.Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$mnBZ

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{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 111 Cgargo›Q¥>c„bm∞H$Edß {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß {O`moHo${_H$cg°ÂnqcJBZ 12262. CgarZmW© Edß gmCW„cmä g,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Pw›PwZyß,amOÒWmZ _________, {d_cHw$_ma,{H$a_mZr,AmB©.Ama.Edß ~moham,Eg.Ho$.1983. (E\\$.Eg.1973-74).6208-09. {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZga-_wQ≤>Q>am-Ym°cnwaE[a`m,^aVnwaEdß gdmB© aKwnWramd,Eg.dr.,1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$OmoYnwa _mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82)1130-31. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)7266. aW,nr.gr.,amOXmZ,Ama.Ho$._hmdc,E_.Eg.Edß OmoJ,Ama.Or.,1977.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z _________, Edß ^Q>ZmJa,nr.Eg.1980.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$dmoc°ÒQ>moZmBQ>{S>nmo{OQ≤>g{Z`aIoãS>m-CnacmEdß IoãS>m- nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$~rH$mZoa,MyÍ$Edß ZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>gAm∞\\$amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Vamcm,{gamohrEdß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75) 1979-80)11321-22. 4740-41. _________, ^Q>ZmJa,nrEg.Edß _Oy_Xma,Ho$.,1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX a{d›X´m,Ama.EQ>Ec.1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>~m_H$moam- {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$MyÍ$Edß ZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>gAm∞\\$ Omhr-H$mIoãS>mE[a`m,Acda{S>ÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73) amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82)13084-85. 4812. _________, Edß _ßOy_Xma,Ho$.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ _________, Edß ~mgw,Eg.Ho$.,E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ BZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$~rH$mZoa,ZmJm°a,O°gc_oaEdß OmoYnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ EamC›S>Acda,~hamoãS>,VmgrZw Edß Zr_Am∞ZmE[a`mO,Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, (E\\$.Eg.1982-83)12629. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). am`,S>r.Ho$.Edß lrdmÒVd,Eg.Eg.,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>g _________, nmh˛Om,Ama.nr.Eg.Edß Xmg,E.Ama.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXH$m∞na Am∞\\$~m±gdmãS>mEdß Syß>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82) B›doÒQ>rJoeZBZQ>moãS>rH$m~mg{_ZaocmB¡S>OmoZ,Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ 12927-28. (E\\$.Eg.1978-79Edß 79-80)11511-12. _________, 1985.Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZ\\$mcoQ>E[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, amdV,`y.Eg.,1977[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$cB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$_wßS>dmamBær`g amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1983-84)14343. H$mÂncoä g,{gamohr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-76)11557- amOmamd,gr.Eg.,nmoX≤Xma,~r.gr.Edß _mWwa,Ama.Ho$.,1969.BVß>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX 58. Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aqOH$-coS>{S>nmo{OQ>EQ>amOnwam-Xar~m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, Edß Zag°`m,~r.Ec.1981.BßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXÒQ>S>rAm∞\\$BßQØ>{gd amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-68). J´oZmBQ>≤gEdß Xo`aAmoaEcr_o›Q>qcHo$OBZamOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79 a{jV,EE_.,1968.n´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$AÎQ¥>m~o{gH$amä g\\$m∞a Edß 1979-80)13698-99. {ZH$c,H´$mo{_`_Edß flbo{Q>Z_BZ[aI^Xod-IoadmãS>mE[a`mO,CX`nwaEdß am`,AmB© Edß AmoPm,~r.Ho$.,1980.[anmoQ©>Am∞Zä bo n´moOoä Q>-n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ Sy±>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)191. Am∞\\$~o›Q>moZmBQ>≤gBZIwB©Amcm-~›XmhE[a`mAm∞\\$O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, am_M›X´Z,Ho$.Ama.Edß ~›Xmonm‹`m`,E.1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80)11317-18. _°qnJAm∞\\$XJ´oZmBQ>Am∞\\${gamohrEdß Omcm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. am`,Oo.EZ.1982.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$AO_oaEdß Eg.1972-73),5427. ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)10005. am_mqcJ_.Or.,1978.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$E[a`m _________, 1983.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß ~y±Xr {~Q>drZn~©Vga,Í$nZJaEdß IH$maVrBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$ZmJm°a,AO_oaEdß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79)11261. O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)8040. _________, 1982.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$XImQw>-H$moR>moVr-acZ _________, EQ> Ec.1980.,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZCX`nwa -H$moQ>cmE[a`mBZZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79) {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80). 10563. _________, Edß Hw$_ZZ,gr.Oo.1983.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXSo>ar-ZmZm~og_oQ>c~oÎQ>, am__mohZm,gr.1974.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤>©gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß ~y±Xr {gamohrEdß nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)13140- {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). 41. _________, 1974.{O`mocmoOrBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>mEdß ~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, am`,Eg.1984.{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZXar~m(Eg)Edß Xar~m(AH$mocm)„cmä gEdß amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74)4608-09. BdoÎ`yEeZAm∞\\$cS>mZm,^Jmoc,nßar,dmar(Eg)Edß OÒ_mH$m∞nan´moÒnoä Q≤>g, {MŒmm°ãS>JT> Edß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80) _________, E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$^rcdmãS>m 11167. Edß~yßXr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75)7185-86. am`,Eg.Ho$.1971.Qo>ä Q>m{ZH${hÒQ>arEdß Hß$Q¥>moÎgAm∞\\$gÎ\\$mBS>{_ZaocmBOoeZEQ> am_mgm_r,Eg.E_.1983.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$H$moQ>m gcmXrnwam-{gAmocr{_ZaocmB¡S>OmoZ,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)11232. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)1511. _________, 1983.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$ImVmocr-BQ>mdmg- _________, Edß _hmamOmqgh,EM.Oo.,1973.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZarEn´oOc {gAmodmcrE[a`m,H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79) Am∞\\$~og_oQ>c{_ZaocmBOoeZEQ>amo{hcE[a`m,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ

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112 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU (E\\$.Eg.1971-72)2038. _________, Edß _________1971.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c _________, 1975.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a_mocr„So>Z_,`yao{Z`_Edß _°qnJEdß {O`moHo${_H$cg°ÂnqcJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß ~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, Egmo{gE{Q>S>{_ZaÎgBZKmQo>ÌdaE[a`m,IßSo>cm,grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70)7167-68. (E\\$.Eg.1973-74)3544,3550. _________,1977.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß {O`moHo${_H$cg°ÂnqcJBZ _________, 1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXÒQ>S>rOAm∞\\$XnmoÒQ>-{XÑ rJ´oZr{Q>H$BßQØ>{gÏgBZ nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-71) XIoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ> {dXÒnoecao\\$a|gQy> Xo`a~r`[a®JAm∞ZgÎ\\$mBS> 4305-06. {_ZaocmBOoeZ,Pw›PwZyß Edß grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973- _________, Edß am__mohZm,gr.,1974.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞ac°S>- 74)11302. qOH${_ZaocmBOoeZBZ{PH$arE[a`m,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. _________, 1984.BßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞ac°S>-qOH$BZX~mOVm Eg.1971-72). -_hmAm∞Zr,_mVm-K{Q>`mcr`m~oÎQ>,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. ghrdmcm,EZ.Ho$.,Omoer,S>r.S>„cy.Edß e_m©,dr.nr.,1997.gM© \\$m∞a{cæmBQ>BZ cmoAaQ>aear~o{gZAm∞\\$~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1995- Eg.1982-83). 96)23189-90. _________, Edß Mmoao,Eg.E.1985.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞ac°S>- qOH$-H$m∞naBZX~mOVm-_hmAm∞Zr,_mVm-K{Q>`mcr`mgoä Q>aEQ>XZmX©Z© gmh˛,Ama,Ec.,Edß Mmoao,Eg.E,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤g nmQ©>Am∞\\$Xgmda-~mOVm~oÎQ>,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. Am∞\\$H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82). 1983-84). _________, 1995.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\${d›Y`ZgwnaJw´nAm∞\\$ amOXmZ,AmaHo$.,1974.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$dmc°ÒQ>moZmBQ> AHo$aogßgBZ gmCW-B©ÒQ>Z© amOÒWmZ({XgÂ~a1994).23402-03. ^r_mZmgrE[a`m,nmcr,{gamohrEdß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. g_X≤Xa,`y.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z~og_oQ>cB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZMycoÌdaOr-Mm°ZnwaE[a`m, 1972-73)13166-67. ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76Qy>77-78)11416- _________, Edß aW,nr.gr.,1975.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ 17. BZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973-74). _________, 1984.EZmoQ>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naEdß {ZH$cBZnJy›Xa, aoS≤>S>r,~r.dr.AmaEdß gmh˛,Ama.Ec.,1986.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$X hmOr~mßgEdß XodarE[a`mO,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. {d›‹`›gBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$H$moQ>mEdßPmcmdmãS>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1977-78).11420-21. 1984-85)16447,17282. _________, qgh,Ama.EZ.,nQo>c,Eg,EZ.,EoÌdamEdß gmh˛,Ama,Ec.,1984. aoS≤>S>r,AmB©.dr.1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S>{MÃr- [anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aqOH$-c°S>BZX_moH$ZnwamZmW© Edß gmCW Hw±$Amß -~mdãS>rE[a`m,Sy±>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81) „cmä g,amOnwam-Xar~m-~oWwÂ~r~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. 13092-93. Eg.1977-78Qy>1980-81)12970-71. aoS≤>S>r,`y.Eg.EZ.1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, gßV,dr.EZ.,e_m©,Eg.~rEdß {gX≤XrH$s,E_.E.,1965.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$Xam`cmo - amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80)11595-96. AO~JãT>Qo>hcmE[a`m,AcdaEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. 1963-64)13300-01. am`,~r.gr.1950.EZmoQ>Am∞Zd_uä `ycmBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>≤g{Z`aJwS>mgBZAO_oa-_admam _________, 1965.En´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$g_~°am`Q>≤g (E\\$.Eg.1949-50)13311. {S>nmo{OQ≤>gBZAcdaEdß ^aVnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1963- am`.Eg.EQ>Ec.1986.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß {O`moHo${_H$cBdoÎ`yEeZAm∞\\$ 64)1083. gaZJmogmZOmoZ,nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85). _________, Edß e_m©,~r.,1967.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$X{gcr~oarEdß _oãT>-am_JãT> ghm`,Q>r.EZ.1968.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>Am∞\\$ E[a`mO,AcdaEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66) ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67). 190. _________, 1968.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ gaH$ma,nr.Edß MVwd}Xr,AÍ$Z,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmoOrH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$XXä H$Z ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)377. Q¥°>flgBZEZE[a`mEamC›S>n´VmnJãT>Edß N>moQ>rgmXãS>r,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,Edß _________, 1969.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ EamC›S>PmcmamnmQ>Z,PmcmdmãS>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82) ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69)2117. 13044-45. _________, 1970.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$ _________,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$XE[a`mEamC›S>XmcmoV, Q>m|H$Edß~y±Xr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1967-68)16314. {MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)13050-51. goZ,E.Ho$.Edß am_mqcJ_,Or.1976.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ _________, Edß H•$ÓUm_y{V©,EZ.1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>g Am∞\\$E[a`m{~Q>drZc°Q>rQ>≤`yS>27°01' Edß cmßJrQ≤>`yS>74°30' Qy>75BZnmQ≤©>g Am∞\\$gdmB© _mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1968-69)7373- Am∞\\$ZmJm°aEdß grH$a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76) 75,7409. 4616-17.

P:121

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 113 _________, 1978.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$ _________, Edß gaH$ma,nr.1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77)7191-92. Am∞\\$XXä H$ZQ¥°>flgE[a`m,EamC›S>gwadm{Z`m,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _________, 1982.[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{g_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$ (E\\$.Eg.1982-83). O°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)11148. {gX≤XrH$s,EM.EZ.Edß ~hc,S>r.nr.1964.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$X~o›Q>moZmBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>≤g goZ,Q>r.Ho$.Edß hmoao,E_.Ho$.1974.EH$›go{cSo>{Q>S>[anmoQ©>Am∞Z[aAn´oOcEdß {S¥>qcJBZ Am∞\\$~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1960-61)16561. _mYwnwam,S>mamocmH$Edß ZmJoc„cmä g,n´VmnJãT>_mBZE[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Acda {gX≤XrH$s,E_.E.,1967.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$XE[a`mEamC›S>{H$emoarEdß {S>Jmoam,Acda Edß O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-73)6040-41. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65). goZJw·m,EZ.Ama.,1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$_cmZr _________, 1968.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZZmW© -B©ÒQ>Z© nmQ©>Am∞\\$ Bær`ggyQ>Am∞\\$amä gBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$nmcrEdß OmoYnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67). (E\\$.Eg.1978-79)11329-30.µ qgh,E_.nr.,1984.BßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S¥>qcJEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZgmßJmZoa goZJw·m,Eg.,1975.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$X~m±gdmãS>m E[a`m,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73)4529-30. _________, Edß {ggmo{X`m,gr.nr.1984.Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZcXmZm _________, EdßJXmYaZ,E.,1976.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ „bm∞H$,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83Edß83-84). BZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$CX`nwaEdß Syß>Janwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1973- qgh,nr.EZ.Edß amOXmZ,Ama.Ho$.,1974.B›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$~og_oQ>cAHo$a|ggAm∞\\$ 74).µ ~moAa-_mSo>am-hmaEdß {cÂ~moãS>mE[a`mO,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ e„~rah˛g°Z,1995.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cBZ{MVa-H$c~ (E\\$.Eg.1971-72)2415. H$cm± E[a`m,nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1990-94)23402- _________, 1978.[aAn´oOcAm∞\\$c°S-qOH${_ZaocmBOoeZBZh_oQ>m_Jam 03. E[a`m,Omda~oÎQ>,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77) 11585-86. e_m©,E.Ho$.Edß gwao›X´ qgh.1994.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$XqhS>mocrJw´nBZ^Xoga -{ZHw$Â~-~ãS>rgmXãS>rg[a`mOAm∞\\${MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Am∞\\$amOÒWmZ {dXÒnoeZao\\$a|gQy>BQ≤>gÒQ¥o>Q>rJ´m\\$sdmcHo$Zmo-goS>r_o›Q>arEgmo{gEeZEdß _________, 1979.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>c{_ZocmBOoeZBZZmZm- _°Qo>cmoOZr(E\\$.Eg.1992-93)122431-32. gH$amoXm-H$moQ>arE[a`m,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977- e_m©,~r.,1981.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZgwamhmarE[a`m,Pw›PwZyß 78)11964. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73). qgh,Ama.EZ.Edß e_m©,AmB©.Ho$.,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>cBZ _________, 1983.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z~ZdmgH$m∞nan´moÒnoä Q>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ hmOrdmg-H$m›Vr-nmamocrE[a`m,OhmOnwa~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, (E\\$.Eg.1975-76). amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83). _________, _wHw$c,Eg.Eg.Edß {_lmEo.Ho$.1983.{S>Qo>ÎS>{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJ qghEg.nr.1984.EZBßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZÒQ>S>rOAm∞\\${XÑ r~o{gZEZocm`{ggBZ Edß {O`moHo${_H$cgd©o Am∞\\$gwamhmar-~~B© -qMMamocr„cmä g,IoVãS>r ZmW©B©ÒQ>Z©,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1975-76Edß 76-77). H$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1976-77). _________, 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S>nmo{OeZAm∞\\$Xn´rHo$pÂ~´`ZS>m`{_ä Q>mBQ>≤gBZ _________, 1964.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$Zmam`UnwaE[a`m,AcdaEdß O`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, Edß EamC›S>Xm°gm,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>gAm∞\\$O`nwa,gdmB© _mYmonwaEdß Acda,ZmW© amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1962-63)525. B©ÒQ>Z©,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78). _________, 1968.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXQ¥o>dg}gQo>H$ZBZgM©Am∞\\$\\$moÒ\\$moamBQ>BZAcda _________, 1984.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXÒQ>S>rOAm∞\\$X{XÑ rdmcHo${Zä g(E\\$. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)450,503,1997,2118. Eg.1977-79). e_m©,dr.Ho$.,1981.[aH$Zogoßg\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZgmßJmZoaE[a`m,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, _________, am_mqcJ_,Or.`mXd,E_.Ec.Edß ~mog,`y.1982.{O`mocmo{cH$c _°qnJAm∞\\$X{XÎbrgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$amä gBZEdß EamC›S>AO_oa,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979-80)10509-10. AO_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81). eoImdV,Ec.Eg.Edß Omoer,S>r,S>„Î`y.,1994.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXÒno{e`ocmB¡S>{W_o{Q>H$ _°qnJAm∞\\$XO`g_›X-gcyÂ~a-~oS>dmc-PmcmamE[a`m,CX`nwa {g›hm,E.E.Ho$.-E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$OmoYnwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>, amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-75)12707-08. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1992-93)22336-37. ewä bm,Ama.,1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$XXä H$ZQ¥°>flg _________, Edß qghE.nr.1982.[anmoQ©>Am∞Z_°JZrOB›doÒQ>rJoeZ(Jam[a`m, BZAaZm°XE[a`m,n´VmnJãT>Vhgrc,{MŒmm°ãS>JãT>{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. am{V_mAmoar_°ærO~oÎQ>)~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980- Eg.1981-82)12745-46. 81)12749-50. _________, 1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$XXä H$Z _________, Edß 1983.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$amH$\\$mÒ\\o$Q>BZXE[a`m Q¥°>flgEamC›S>am_JßO_ßS>r,WmZmH$Ò~m,gam© Mm°H$s,A_cm°Xm,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g {Z`aAMamoc,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> O`nwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82) H$moQ>mE S>PmcmdmãS>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)13048-49. 12966-67.

P:122

114 ^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU {g›hm,nr.EZ.1983.E[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZ^aVnwa,IoãS>cr ^rcdmãS>mEdß CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZBZä by{S>S>BZQ>monmoerQ>45K / 1 -Í$nm~mgE[a`m,^aVnwaEdß Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. EßS>5(E\\$Eg.1966-67)630. 1973-74)10630,13359. _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$AO_oaEdß _________, {g›hm,Ama.Ho$.Edß {d_cHw$_ma,1986.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX nmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1967-68). AmB©So>›Q>r{\\$Ho$eZAm∞\\${gcH´$sQ>AHo$a|ggBZAamdcrgwnaJ´wnAm∞\\$amä g, _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$AO_oa, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>CX`nwaEdßSy±>Janwa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85). ^rcdmãS>mEdßnmcr{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1968-69).16870. _________, {g›hm,Eg.Ho$.1966.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤g _________, am_M›X´Z,Ho$.Ama.Edß Ymam,E_.Ho$.,1971.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXn´r{c_oZar Am∞\\$nmcr,CX`nwaEdß AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964- B›doÒQ>rJeZAm∞\\$_°æoQ>mBQ> π$mQ©>OmBQ> Am∞\\$nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> 65).1010. ^rcdmãS>m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1969-70). _________, 1967.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcr,CX`nwa _________, Edß \\$mÍ$H$s,Eg.E.1973.[anmoQ©>Am∞Zn´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$ EdßAO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1965-66). ~mä gmBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>{Z`a_o_moZrBZH$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. _________, 1969.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$nmcrEdß 1970-71). CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1966-67)16344-45. _________, Edß _________, 1984.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX{S>Qo>ÎS> {g›hm,dr.nr.,1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXarOZcEgog_°›Q>Am∞\\$~°am`Q≤>g{S>nmo{OQ≤>gBZ Eä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$X_o_moZr~mä gmBQ>{S>nmo{OQ>,H$moQ>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ nmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$grH$aEdß Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79) (E\\$.Eg.1971-72Edß 72-73). 11507. lrdmÒVd,Eg.Eg.,1984.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$,gdmB© {g›hm-am`,Eg.,~ßJcmZr,Eg.,MQ≤>Q>monm‹`m`,E.Ho$.Edß Jmo`c,Ama.Eg.,1997. _mYmonwaEdßO`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83) \\$mBZc[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{O`mo_moS>qcJAm∞\\$gÎ\\$mBS> {_ZaocmB¡S> Omo›gBZ _________, 1985.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>≤gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$Edß O`nwa amOnwam-Xar~m-q^S>a~oÎQ>,amOÒWmZWy´ BßQ>rJo´eZAm∞\\$_ÎQ>r-codcSo>Q>m {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(Q>monmoerQ>45 N/15,E\\$.Eg.1983-84)14344. (E\\$.Eg.1993-96)22880. {ggmo{X`m,gr.nr.,1994.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©>Am∞Z{S¥>qcJB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a{Q>ZEdß c°S>BZ _________, EQ>Ec1986.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJAm∞\\$Xn´r-Aamdcr gwnaJ´wnBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$Q>m|H$,O`nwaEdß gdmB© _mYmonwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ H$m`aE[a`m,AO_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1987-88,1992- (E\\$.Eg.1984-85)16451. 93).22450. gmoJmZr,nr.gr.Edß ImZ.B©.E.1965.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H$_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$nmcrEdß OmoYnwa gw›Xa_,Eg.E_.Edß dm±My,E_.Ho$.1983.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZX{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß {O`moHo${_H$cg°ÂnqcJBZYmocmJãT>Eä gQ|>eZE[a`mOEdß Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>Edß n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞acmB_ÒQ>moZ(E\\$.Eg.1963-64) H$m∞naBZCgar„bm∞H$,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,Pw›PwZyß {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$. 1052. Eg.1974-75)11444. _________, Edß _________, 1966.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEdß n´r{c_oZar B›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞acmB_ÒQ>moZBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$nmcr,OmoYnwaEdß ZmJm°a Va\\$Xma,Eg.EZ.,1970.EZBßV>[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\${Oflg_~mB© {S¥>qcJ {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1964-65)2022,2064. {Z`a~Xdmgr,ZmJm°a{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1967-68)121, 1981. lrHß$Q>Z,~r.Edß AS>`mcH$a,nr.Or.,1955.{O`mocmoOrAm∞\\$XH$m∞na{S>nmo{OQ>≤gAm∞\\$ XImoh-Xar~mE[a`m,amOJãT> Vhgrc,Acda{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _________, Edß ~ZOu,Eg.EZ.1989.EZmoQ>Am∞ZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞a\\$mÒ\\$moamBQ> BZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$CX`nwaEdß {MŒmm°ãS>JãT> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg. (En´r{c_oZar[anmoQ©>{dX[aH$_o›So>eZ\\$m∞an´moÒnoqä Q>J)(E\\$.Eg.1953-54 1968-69).71. Edß 54-55)13363. lrdmÒVd,~r.Ec.Edß _wImonm‹`m`,A{^OrV.1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZÒQ>S>rOAm∞\\$X Cnm‹`m`,Q>r.nr.,1981.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZAm∞\\$qOH$-c°S>{S>nmo{OQ>BZX gcm_nwa-H$moM[a`m„bm∞H$,nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ H$m~m}ZoQ>mBQ>-AÎQ¥>m_°{\\$H$Egmo{gEeZ{dX_oQ>mgmo_o{Q>H$amä gAm∞\\$IoVãS>r (E\\$.Eg.1978-79Edß 79-80). H$m∞na~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤gPw›PwZyß Edß grH$a,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82 Edß 82-83). _________, 1981.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQÎgBZXar~m-gwamg lrdmÒVd,nr.Edß gä goZm,EHo$.,1986.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJEamC›S> goä Q>a,nwa-~Zoam~oÎQ>,^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1979- gcyÂ~a,CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1984-85)17279. 80)11447. lrdmÒVd,Ama.,1984.nmQ©>-I,{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>Am∞\\$CX`nwa _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞a~og_oQ>ÎgBZCaOmH$mIoãS>m {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> (Q>monmoerQ> 45H/8);nmQ©>-II En´r{c_oZarZmoQ> Am∞ZH$m∞na {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,^rcdmãS>m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82)12109-10. {_ZaocmBOoeZEQ>dmgw,CX`nwa12989. _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©> Am∞Z~og_oQ>cEä gflbmoaoeZBZH$Î`mZnwamE[a`m {gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©>Am∞\\$AO_oa,CX`nwaEdß ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g, (AJyMmEä gQ|>eZ){S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>^rcdmãS>m,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82 amOÒWmZ(E\\$Eg.1965-66)885,13865. Edß 82-83)12946-47. _________, 1968.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$AO_oa, d_m©,Ama.Or.,1997.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZJmoÎS>Eä gflbmoaoeZBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$gmCW,go›Q¥>cEdß

P:123

{d{dY‡H$meZgß.30(12) 115 B©ÒQ>„bm∞H$,^w{H$`m(OJnwam)JmoÎS>n´moÒnoä Q>,~mßgdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _________, Edß _________, 1984.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZcmB_ÒQ>moZB›doÒQ>rJoeZ (E\\$.Eg.1995-96)23480-81. {dXÒnoecao\\$a|gQy>IwB©`mcmcmB_ÒQ>moZBZO°gc_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ {d_cHw$_ma,1984.[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$ä co {S>nmo{OQ≤>g,~y±XrEdß H$moQ>m (E\\$.Eg.1982-83)12985-86. {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78)11418-19. dYmdZ,Eg.Ho$.,garZ,~r.Ho$.,nmc.EZHo$.,amKd,Ho$.Eg.1997.\\$mBZc[anmoQ©> _________, 1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞ZcmB_ÒQ>moZ{Z`a_ßJS>JãT>, Am∞Z{O`mocmo{OH$cEdß EZdm`aZ_|Q>cBdoÎ`yEoeZAm∞\\$WmaSo>OQ©>,amOÒWmZ ^rcdmãS>mEdß {MŒmm°ãS>JãT> {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1978-79) Edß JwOamV(E\\$.Eg.1994-96)23404-05. 11402-03. dmIcy,Ama.Ho$.Edß eZ_wJ_E_.,1973.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZXEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZ _________, 1984.{O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZJamam-H$mH$moZrE[a`m,H$moQ>m Xodam„bm∞H$,H$mocrhmZgoä eZ,IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> Pw›PwZyß, {S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82)13068-69. amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1970-70Edß 71-72). dra›o X´ H$w _ma,gmhm,gr.Ama.Edß amOmdV,Ama.Eg.1992.[anmQo >© AmZ∞ XnmQo >me_________, 1976.E[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naAmoaBZYmocm_mcgoä eZ B›dÒo Q>rJeo ZBZZmW©-dÒo Q>Z©amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1974-91)22404-05. IoVãS>rH$m∞na~oÎQ>,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> Pw›PwZyß,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1972-73) _________, gmhrdmcm,EZ.Ho$.Edß Wmnm,~r.S>r.1984.[anmoQ©> Am∞ZX 12889-90. {O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$O°gc_oaEdß ~mãS>_oa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q≤>g, `mXd,nrHo$.Edß ao.,Oo.EZ.,1978.{gÒQo>_o{Q>H${O`mocmo{OH$c_°qnJBZnmQ©≤>gAm∞\\$ amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1982-83)12625. AO_oaEdß ^rcdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>≤g,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1977-78) _________, [anmoQ©>Am∞ZXB›doÒQ>rJoeZAm∞\\$cmB_ÒQ>moZ{S>nmo{OQ>EamC›S>gmÂ~a 10069. VcmB©,Amc_dmcrT>mUr,IwB©`mcm,qhJmocmE S>~›YmE[a`mO,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q> _________, 1982.n´r{c_oZarB›doÒQ>rJoeZ\\$m∞aS>mocmo_mBQ>Edß cmB_ÒQ>moZ{Z`a O°gc_oa(E\\$.Eg.1979-80). Im_oam,A_anwamEdß ZmW-Or-H$m-Jmam,~m±gdmãS>m{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ _________, 1981.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXcmB_ÒQ>moZB›doÒQ>rJoeZBZgmZy -am_JãT> (E\\$.Eg.1977-78). (Q>monmoerQ>40I/11)Edß Vwcgram_-H$s-ãT>mUr,IrZga-_ßYm(Q>monmoerQ> 40I/15)E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-81). _________, 1982.E[anmoQ©> Am∞Z{S>Qo>ÎS> Eä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aercmBQ> BZ~oÎH$m „bm∞H$,IoãS>m-Cnacm,{gamohr-{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980- _________, Edß gmhrdmcm,EZ.Ho$.,1983.E[anmoQ©> Am∞ZXBdoÎ`yEeZAm∞\\$ 81). cmB_ÒQ>moZ,[agmo{g©gBZAmXm_H$m,nwag_,JmoOoaram,Mm°Zam^°`Z-H$m- Mm°Zam-{~namga(Q>monmoerQ>40 J/5, 6, 9 40/7 Edß nmQ≤©>gAm∞\\$40 I/11) _________,1983.BßV[a_[anmoQ©>Am∞ZEä gflbmoaoeZ\\$m∞aH$m∞naBZ\\$mcoQ>E[a`m, E[a`m,{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q>O°gc_oa,amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1981-82). CX`nwa{S>pÒQ¥>ä Q,>amOÒWmZ(E\\$.Eg.1980-82). ****

P:124

`h‡H$meZ,{ZXoeH$,‡H$meZEdß gyMZm‡^mJ,^maVr`^y{dkmZgd}jU,27, OdmhabmbZohÍ$amoS>,H$bH$Vm-700016Edß H$›Q¥>mobaAm∞\\$np„bHo$e›g, Ho$›–r`gaH$ma,{g{dbbmB©›g,{XÎbr-110054VWm{ZÂZ{b{IV^maVr` ^yd°km{ZH$gd}jUHo$H$m`m©b`m|_|{dH´$`Ho${b`oCnb„Yh°ü Ö npÌM_rjoÃ Ö I{ZO^dZ,15-16,PmbmZmgßÒWm{ZH$joÃ, O`nwa-302004 CÀVar˙moÃ Ö Or.Eg.AmB©.H$m∞Ânboä g,flbm∞Q> Zß.2,goä Q>a-B©, AbrJßO,bIZD$-226020 X{jUrjoÃ Ö nrAmo,Or.Eg.AmB©.H$m∞Ânboä g,~ S>bJwS>m,aßJm aoS≤>S>r{Obm,h°Xam~mX-500068 nydujoÃ Ö grOrAmo H$m∞Ânboä g,S>rE\\$„bm∞H$,goä Q>a-1, gm∞ÎQ>boH${gQ>r,H$mobH$mVm-700064 CÀVa-nyd©joÃÖ {ebm{~pÎS>®J,ZmoZ{J´_{hÎg,[ebmßJ-793003 Ho$›–r`joÃ Ö „bm∞H$-E,‡W_Vb,›`y Am∞{\\$gH$m∞Ânboä g, go{_Zar{hÎg,ZmJnwa-440006 {XÎbrAm∞{\\$gÖ nwÓn^dZ,{¤Vr`Vb,E-„bm∞H$,_XZ{JaamoS>, ZB© {XÎbr-110062 N>m`m{MÃUÖ E.Ho$.J´moda,{ZXoeH$,^m.^y.g.,npÌM_rjoÃ,O`nwa ‡W_n•ÓR> Ö nrnbIyßQ>Ho$npÌM__| pÒW{Vn{≈>VZmB{gH$H$mßflboä gdAamdbr_hmg_yhe°bm| H$mJ´oZmB©Q>‡^m{dV{ddV©{ZH$s`gß{YÒWb,{Obm~m±gdmãS>m Ap›V_n•ÓR>Ö gbdmarHo$nmgpÒW{V‚bmoamB©Q>ImZH$sEÎ~rQ>mB©Q>e°bm| H$sXrdma-e°b(dm∞bam∞H$){ObmgrH$a

P:125

OmoYmdmg(Abda{Obm)Ho$nmgaOV(Mm±Xr)Ho$nwamVZIZZÒWbdIZZ_b~moß Ho$T>oa ^rbdmãS>m{Obo _| pÒWV{dÌd‡{g’AmJyMmH$sgrgm-OÒVmH$sIwbrImZ {dÌdH$m‡mMrZV_OÒVmn[aemoYZÒWb,nwamZmOmdajoÃ, gamãS>mHo$nydm}ŒmapÒW{Vnhm{ãS>`m| _| bm°hA`ÒH$H$sn{≈>`m±,{ObmCX`nwa CX`nwa{Obm

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