Compute_Gazette_Issue_35_1986_May by Zetmoon

The Gazette Talks To Miami Vice's Jan Hammer

COMPUTE'S

$2.95 May 1986

Issue 35, Vol. 4, No. 5 02220

S3.75 Canada

FOR COMMODORE PERSONAL COMPUTER USERS

Computers

And MIDI

Find out how MIDI can link you and your computer to a whole new world of music.

Also In This Issue: Hints & Tips: New Ways To Use Variables A Guide To Commodore User Groups, Part 1 Horizons: A BASIC 7.0 Compiler Reviewed New Products

And More

Vampyre Hunter

Enter this dark, uncertain world at your own risk. A text-and-graphics adventure game for the 64.

Arcade Baseball

Batter up! It's swingtime in springtime. An exciting computer version of the once popular mechanical baseball game. For the Commodore 64. 05

Super Synth 212

Make great sounds on your 64â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the easy way.

(No I.D. required for half-elves.)

When the Going Gets Tough, the Bard Goes Drinking* Hnd the going is tough

arc magic, the Bard is ready to boogie. All he needs is

. inSkara Brae town. The evil wizard Mangar

a band of loyal followers: a light-fingered rogue to find secret doors, a couple of fighters to bash heads, a con

has cast an eternal winter spell. Monsters control the streets and dun geons beneath. Good citizens fear for their lives. What's worse, there's only one cavem

jurer to create weird allies, a magician for

magic armor.

Then it's off to com bat, as soon as the Bard

left that serves wine,

But the Bard knows

no fear. With his crusty

esone more verse.

Now what's a word that rhymes with "dead ogre?'

harp and a few rowdy minstrel songs he claims

4 classes of mngic user, Including wizard and Borceror. 85 new magic spells in nil.

128 color monsters, many

animated. All challenging,

Full-color scrolling dungeons.

16 levels, each Hotter than the one before. 3-D city, too.

The Bard's Tale from

ELECTRONIC ARTS" BpeCM IO0T. machine language. 4WK unnh on 2 dfeti MK RAM minimum: enhanced i'ot I2SK. Now available for Apple II family for $44 95. C-64 &. 128 iW J39.95. Tu order: Vime your maifcr i,r calHNOO) 24W525 lln Ohl call (800) 56^m2) for \MSA^

An*. PO Bin (01., Half Moon H^.CA 041111 A.l.lil fnr insured ihippini: arai handling Allow 1-4 wecti for deliver) The IWl'iTair n unriri the wait.

Apple i>.i irademxt uf Apple Compuni Wiijrdry 111 reunited iradcm.irl. ..f Sir-Ttch Software.Inc.Ultbna n a ragUlercd irubmBtkof RlthipdCirrloii The Btrd'iTsleÂŤnd ElrcironK Am arc indcniBiki ol Elecininlc Arii Fur a cupy ..f nur (omplctc ctnlogw and diieci ordei form, >cml S M nr>d j lumpdd, self .-uldm-cd fn--cl"rw i" Elccironic

An.. 2755 Curnpui Drive, S.m M.ium CA '

A New Dimension in Fun Easy aircraft control, coupled

with unexcelled omnidirec tional visual (plus audio) references and ballistic

Simulator Scenery Disk compatible

power, provide the speed and

aerobatic maneuverability that add up to pure fun.

Engage in a wide variety of combat scenarios (land-based

F-16 or carrier-based F-18), or fly over detailed United States

scenery at Mach 2.

Flight

LJOGIC O« »r| >arailoit

713 Edgebiook Drivo Champaign IL61B20 ,.•!■'! (■■»<! IMS? TiTl-! ?MW,

Or»r Lino: (B00| 637-4983

Melodian will teach you to play, compose

f3: M 1:8

trantiMo:nff

load

Âť

saue

keyboards"

eras?

adsr

If'

f'f" AW

A True Breakthrough In Music Education

At last, a program that makes it not only easy but fun to learn music.

ScorsMaster enables you to print out your music in standard music notation for other musicians to play, or for yourself.

The Melodian keyboard and software were designed by Harry Mendell

who designs custom synthesizer electronics and software for professional musicians such as Stevle Wonder and Eric Himy. an award winning concert pianist. The Melodian boasts many of the professional features

New York Times Says . . .

found only on more expensive equipment These features include

Erik Sandberg-Diment of Ihe New York Times stales "really useful and

most importanlly. ease of use.

spirit of matching the dance of her fingers lothe measured metronome "

multitrack recording, the ability to creale cuslom instrument sounds and

Start your lesson with RhythmM aster Software

With its built-in

metronome, RhylhmMasler will display the treble and bass musical staffs

instructive item ... Tanya, our io year old beginner quickly caught the

"One piece of educational software lhat. unlike most of its kinfolk, ac tually delivers. These software-hardware combinations offer a lot ofenler-

tainment lo the Commodore owner,"

and a picture of a piano keyboard RhylhmMasler will then play a measure of music and you must try lo play the same measure back on the Melo-

RUN Magazine Says . . .

dian keyboard You're not familiar with the keyboard or can't read music? No problem. RhylhmMaster.displays the notes you are to play on the

Tom Benford of RUN notes "Whenever a selection of products of the same genre is available, one among the bunch rises head and shoulders

musical slaff and on the keyboard pictured on the monilor. If you strike

the wrong key the note on Ihe musical staff turns red and shows you which key you played wrong, making it ever so easy to correct whal you played.

If you should hold a key too long a turtle runs across the screen. Inverse ly if you should release a key too quickly a rabbit scurries by. If you don't play it correctly RhythmMaster knows it and repeats the measure foi you to play ConcertMaster teaches you how to play 35 pre-recorded songs from

Bach lo Rock With ConcerlMaster you can analyze music note by note, instrument by instrument and learn how a music composition is put together. Then you can compose your own music and record it right on to your floppy disks. There are nineteen different instrument sounds to choose from in over a seven octave range giving you a wide choice of instruments to suit your musical taste and expression. You can also create your own instru ment sounds.

above the resl, Such is the case with Melodian ConcertMasler keyboard

and software. The combined fealures of RhythmMaster and ConcertMaster give you a complete music tutorial."

AHOY! Magazine Says . . . Peggy Herrington of AHOY! said "The system is so easy io use that I didn't need the documentation". "It's fun, challenging, and educational,

and for payability and ease of use it is nothing short of spectacular,"

Satisfaction Guaranteed When You Buy Direct By selling directly to you. we are able to give you Ihe Melodian Keyboard and Software at far lower prices than ever offered before. You take no risk. If the Melodian keyboard or any of the programs don't please you, for any reason whatsoever, send it

back within oo days for a full refund!

and record music in just one evening!! ConcertMaster Software cm-oi ConcertMaster leaches how a composition is put together, nole by note, instrument by instrument You learn to play js pre-recorded songs from Bach lo Rock. Then you can compose your own songs

and record them right onto your floppy disk.

ConcertMaster Teaches:

5cales, Bass lines, Familiar Beginner Songs such as "Jingle Bells".

Easy classical songs such as "Bach Minuet" and Ravel's "Bolero". Advanced classics like "A Midsummer's Night Dream" by Mendelssohn, Popular hits such as "Thriller".

Instruments Sounds

Organ, Trumpet. Flute. Clannel. Piano, Harpsicord. Violin, Cello.

Rhythm Master

Software ™..,

*-»—. -»«

$*9»95

RhylhmMaster teaches a beginner how lo read music and play it cor rectly and in rhythm on the musical keyboard. RhythmMasler will have you reading and playing musical notes in minutes with fun and excitement

Rhythm Master Features:

Trumpet, organ, violin, and synthesizer instrument sounds. Built in metronome. Pause'Play contra!. Set-up menu for customizing RhythmMaster.

Rhythm Master Teaches:

How to read notes on the treble and bass musical staffs.the names of the notes, where Ihe notes are on Ihe keyboard how to play whole notes, half notes, quarter notes, eighth noles and sixteenth notes in

combinations, in both j/+ and iU time. How to play in different tempos

RhythrnMaster Requires:

A Commodore 64 or Commodore 12Q with disk drive. Melodian Musical Keyboard kb-oi is required to study the reading and playing

of musical notes.

Melodian Musical Keyboard kb-... 40 Keys (A-C) in professional gauge spring loaded lo give the (eel and response of a real keyboard instrument. Polyphonic.

Registers (with ConcertMasler)

Organ, Trumpet, Flute, Clarinet. Piano. Harpsicord. Violin. Cello.

Bass. Banjo, Mandolin. Calliope, Concertino. Bagpipe, Synthesizer l. Synthesizer 2. Clavier i. Clavier 2. which can be played over a ; octave range, Programmable sounds as well.

Recording (with ConcertMaster)

Three track sequencer (recorder) with overdubbing and multitimbral (different instrument sounds at the same time) effects.

Interface

Built in interface for Commodore 64. Commodore 126. plugs right in to joystick port no. 2 and user port.

Power Supply

Powered direct by the compuler. no batteries and cords required.

Bass. Banjo. Mandolin. Calliope. Concertina. Bagpipe, Synthesizer 1. Synthesizer 2. Clavier 1. Clavier 22, which can be played over a ^octave range. Programmable sounds as well.

Recording Functions:

Three track sequencer [recorder) wilh overdubbing and mullitimbral (different instrument sounds at the same lime) effects.

Each Irack can be set to one of seven different functions: • Monitor! Lets you use a track to play music live, without recor ding it.

" Record: Records a track as you play. • Playback: Lets you hear whatever has been recorded or load ed into the track. You may playback one track while recording another to build layers of instruments.

• Mute: Turns a track off. This is useful when you want lo listen lo or record one or two tracks at a time. • Savai Stores a track to Ihe disk. • Load: Loads a Irack from Ihe disk.

• Protect: Write protects a (rack.

Create New Instrument Sounds

Choose from pulse, sawtooth, triangle and noise sound sources. Con trol the sound envelope with attack, decay, sustain, and release limes. Ring Modulation and Syncroniiation effects. Set Low pass, band pass, and high pass filter frequencies.

ConcertMaster Requires:

A Commodore 64 or Commodore 12a with disk drive. Melodian Musical Keyboard kb-01 is required to study Ihe reading and playing of musical notes.

Melodian ScoreMaster sm-01

Wilh the ScoreMasler program your music can be printed out in music notation, which other musicians can read and play. Any music recorded with Ihe ConcertMaster program can be printed by ScoreMaster.

ScoreMaster Requires:

A Commodore 64 or Commodore 12a wilh disk drive and printer

compatible with the Commodore graphics mode such as the Com modore MPS 803, 1515, and 1525. Melodian ConcerlMasler program

Finish

Table Model in white high-impact material, with carrying handle, pro

tective key cover, and built in music Eland. Size 29 -i/a X 9-9/16 X 3-11/16, weighs 9 pounds.

Programmer's Tool Kit Contains programs, and BASIC source listings for reading Ihe dian Musical Keyboard, and for reading and creating music files for

Melodian ConcertMasler. FOR CREDIT CARD ORDERS, CALL TOLL-FREE

*9A Or ^ * 9 • 5*5

Headphones Stereo Cables.

ACCESSORIES

$ 9-95

Demonstration Disk Christmas Carols..

$12.95 $ 9-95

RECORDINGS

$12.95

Tchaikowsky Nutcracker..

Bachs Hits Classical Favorites

$12.95

$«.95 TM

1-800-327-4566

IN FLORIDA, CALL 1-800-351-8777 For aur IntarnHllanal ouitomtni PJoase send credil card number or internaiIonnl money order

in US dollars, or caU J0&-D79-3777, For Canada and Momco add Sl5 00lor air nu-i Overseas

The new, fast way to learn, play and compose music.

add £16 00 tor surface mml. and £70 DO (or flif mail,

A Printer For All Reasons Search For The Best High Quality Graphic Printer printing when new, but quickly starts to fade.

If you have been looking very long, you have

automatically, through easy commands right

probably discovered that there arc just too

from your keyboard. Do you sometimes want

To keep the printers output looking consis

many claims and counter claims in the printer

to emphasize a word? It's easy, just use bold (double strike) or use italics to make the words standout. Or, if you wish to be even more em

using a wide (Vi*) ribbon cartridge that will

market loday. There are printers that have

some of the features you want but do not have others. Some features you probably don't care

phatic, underline the words. You can combine

about, others are vitally important to you. We

many of these modes and styles to make the

understand. In fact, not long ago, we were in the same position. Deluged by claims and counter claims. Overburdened by rows and

variation almost endless. Do you want to ex press something that you can't do with words?

rows of specifications, we decided to separate

same line. You have variable line spacing of 1

all the facts — prove or disprove all the claims

line per inch to infinity (no space at all) and

our

own

satisfaction.

bought

143 other software selectable settings in bet ween. You can control line spacing on a dot-

brands and tested them.

the features you could want and yet be sold di

by-dot basis. If you've ever had a letter or other document that was just a few lines too long to fii a page, you can see how handy this feature is. Simply reduce the line spacing slightly and ... VOILA! The letter now fits on

rectly to you at the lowest price. We didn't

one page.

We wanted to find that printer which had all

ing, so we limited our search to only those new printers that had the latest proven technology.

Order #200!.)

The Best Part When shopping for a printer with this quality and these features, you could expeci to pay

much more. Not now! We sell this fantastic printer for only S219.95! You need absolutely nothing else to slurl

printing — just add

paper (single sheet or fanftild tractor).

No Risk Offer We give you a 2-week satisfaction guarantee.

want a "close-out special" of an obsolete product that some manufacturer was dump

print thousands of pages before needing re placement. (When you finally do wear out your ribbon, replacement cost is only SI 1.00.

Use graphics with your text — even on the

printers. We bought samples of all the major

Our Objective Was Simple

tently dark, the ribbons must be changed quite often. The SP-1000 solves this problem by

If you are not completely satisfied for any rea

$219.95

We wanted to give our customers the bcsl printer on the market today at a bargain price.

son we will promptly refund your purchase.

The warranty has now been extended to 2 years. The warranty repair policy is to repair or replace and reship lo the buyer within 72

hours of receipt.

The Results Are In

The Bottom Line

The search is over. We have reduced the field

Be sure to specify the order 9 for the correct

to a single printer thai meets all our goals (and

version printer designed for your computer.

more). The printer is the SP-1000 from Seikoslia, a division of Seiko (one of the foremost

Commodore C-64 & C-128, Order #2200,

manufacturers in

the world).

graphics interface & cable built in. $219.95

ran (his

IUM-PC and compatibles, Order K100, S239.9S plus 8' shielded cable #1103, S26.00

printer through our battery of tests and it came out shining. This printer can do it all. Standard draft printing at a respectable 100 characters per second, and with a very read able 12 (horizontal) by 9 (vertical) character matrix. This is a full bi-directional, logic seek

Apple lie & Macintosh Order #2300, S239.95 with cable 75 CPS. Standard Parallel with 36 pin Centronics con nector, Order #2400, 5239.95 no cable

ing, true descender printer.

Standard Serial with RS-232 (DB-25) Con nector, Order B25OO, 1239.95 no cable

"NLQ" Mode One of our highest concerns was about print quality and readability. The SP-1000 has a

Forms? Yes!

print mode termed Near Letter Quality print

Your Letterhead? Of Course!

ing (NLQ mode). This is where the SP-1000

Do you print forms? No problem. This unit

outshines all the competition. Hands down! The character matrix in NLQ mode is a very dense 24 (horizontal) by 18 (venical). This equates to 41,472 addressable dots pet square

inch. Now we're talking quality printing. It looks like it was done on a typewriter. You can even prim graphics using the standard graphics symbols built into your computer. The results are the best we've ever seen. The only other printers currently available having

resolution titis high go for hundreds more, Features That Won't Quit

With the SP-1000 your computer can now print 40, 48, 68, 80, 96, or 136 characters per

line. You can print in ANY of scores of styles including double width and reversed (white on black) styles. You not only have the standard Pica, Elite, Condensed and Italics, but also true Superscripts and Subscripts. Never again will you have to worry about how to print H2O

or X2. This fantastic machine will do it

will do them ail. Any form up to 10 inches wide. The tractors are adjustable from 4 to 10 inches. Yes, you can also use single sheets. Plain typing paper, your Iciterhead, short memo forms, labels, anything you choose. Any size to 10" in width. In fact this unit is so advanced, it will load your paper automati cally. Multiple copies? Absolutely! Use forms (up to 3 thick). Do you want to use spread

sheets with many columns? Of course! Just go to condensed mode printing and print a full 136 columns wide. Forget expensive wide-car riage printers and changing to wide carriage paper. You can now do it all on a standard 8'/i "wide page, and you can do it quietly. The SP-1000 is rated at only 55 dli. This is quieter than any other impact dot matrix printer that we know of and is quieter than the average of

We also have interfaces and cables for many other computers not listed. Call Customer Service at 805/987-2454 for details. Shipping and insurance is $10.00 — UPS

withbl the continental USA. If you are in a

hurry, UPS Blue (second day air), APO or FPO Is S22.O0. Canada, Alaska, Mexico are $30.00 (air). Other foreign is $70.00 (air). California residents add 6% tax. The above arc cash prices — VISA and MC add 3% to

total.

We shin the next

business day on

money orders, cashiers' checks, and charge

cards. A 14-day clearing period is required for checks. Prices subject to change—CALL. For information call 805/987-2454 TO ORDER CALL TOLL FREE

1-{800) 962-5800 USA ,R „ ~T1 1-1800) 962-3600 CAUF. lo"° ro" Dealei inquiries invited or send order to:

fice background noise level.

Consistent Print Quality Most printers have a ribbon cartridge or a single spool ribbon which gives nice dark

1071-A Avenida Acaso Camarillo, CA 93010

May 1986

Vol. 4, No. 5

features Musicians Meet Computers

Selby Bateman

An Interview with Jan Hammer: The Music of Miami Vice Computers and MIDI Kathy Yakal

A Guide to Commodore User Groups, Part 1

Selby Batsman

Joan Rouleau

36 67

* •

54 56 58 58 60 64

64 64 64 64 64

64/+4/16

64/+4/16/V

•

71 72

128/64/+4/16/V

reviews The Newsroom

Gail Cowper

Stlckybear. Reading, Spelling, and Math Elldon

Neil Randall

Lee Noel, Jr.

Atgorhythmlc Composer Richard Mansfield Europe Ablaze George Miller Also Worth Noting

games Arcade Kevin Mykytyn and Mark Tuttle Vampyre Hunter Marc Sugiyama Klondike James E, Hosek

education/home applications Read-A-Tune Donald J. Eddington Computing for Families: A Robot Is a Girl's Best Friend

Fred D'lgnazio

programming Hints & Tips: New Ways to Use Variables Super Synth Lawrence Cotton Word Counter Thomas K. Tucker Coder/Decoder W. M. Shockley Double Load Darius L. Ecker

BASIC Magic: One-Dimensional Arrays Power BASIC: Blick

Michael S. Tomczyk

Plummer Hensley

Machine Language for Beginners: By the Numbers

Richard Mansfield

128/64/+4/16/V

128/64/

-4/16/V

departments The Editor's Notes

Robert C. Lock

Gazette Feedback

Editors and Readers

. 6 10 78 81

Horizons: A BASIC 7.0 Compiler Charles Brannon Simple Answers to Common Questions Tom R. Halfhill News & Products

128

Bug-Swatter: Modifications and Corrections

program listings COMPUTE!1* Gazette Author's Guide

How to Type In COMPUTEI's Gazette Programs

•

The Automatic Proofreader

128/64/+4/16/V

MLX

■General. V=VIC-20, 64—Commodore 64, +4°=PIus/4. 16=Commodore 16, 12B=Commodore 128 is published mOiilhlybvCOMPinBPublicaiions, Inc.. 835 7ihAvEHuf. New York, NY 10019 USA. Phone; (212) 265-8360. Editorial officesarelocaled at 324

Wen IVendovtr Avenue, Crwnsboro, NC 2740S Domnilc Subscription: 15 issues. 124. POSTMASTER: Send address (ranges to COMPUTE?! GAZETTE. P.O. Boi 10957. D« Mmnes, [A 50340. Second class application pending at Grernsboro, N'C 27403 and additional mailing offlcrt Entire contents copyright ©19&6 by COMPUTE) Publications, Inc. All rich's reserwd, ISSN 0737-3716. COMPUTE! I'iiMl.iim.im. hi.

li ptrl of ABC Contunwr '.!..!■■-iiu .

Amends; NlW Yoik. Ntw York 1(1019

Iii<

One of Ihi ABC Publishing ( n'.i| i

ABC Publishing, President, Robcil C. Burton; 133H Avmueohhe

JjlJ

millions of VIC-20 computers were

tremely important to us to keep up with you, our readers. We occasional

manufactured and sold. Where are they? Are you continuing to use them

is the foremost applications magazine in the industry, it's ex

ly do a feature called, "How Our

Over the last few years, literally

for something? Or have they been

Readers Use Their Computers."

relegated to the top of your closet? If

We'd like to repeat the feature in an upcoming COMPUTE'S GAZETTE, with a few variations. Here's what we're

you continue to use a VIC infrequent ly, or not at all, what have you re

placed it with? Will you replace the

interested in: Send us a brief letter, or a post

replacement computer any time

card, detailing in just one or two

Perhaps we'd better stop there. That's just our first question. You can see what we mean about getting ex

paragraphs (let's say 25 to 50 words or so) the various ways in which you use your computer. Also let us know

the model you have. We'll select a representative sample of your letters,

ranging from the average to the un usual, and put together a feature arti

cle for early fall of this year. By

soon, and if so, with what?

cited over your answers to our ques

tions. Oh, never mind. Here are the other two questions. While you're writing anyway, another paragraph or two won't be excessive. Right? What three features/articles

submitting your paragraphs, we'll as

would you most like to see in GA

sume you're giving us permission to

ZETTE during the next 12 months?

print your name and comments un less you specifically request that we not publish your name.

What are we not now doing that you would like us to start doing? {for example, sponsor a SIG; add bonus

Please address your letter as follows:

programs for disk subscribers; make provision for downloading from ma

Gazette Readers P.O. Box 5406 Greensboro, NC 27403

While we're at it, let's get some

more information from you. It's diffi cult sometimes from here to maintain the depth of perspective that we

would wish. Thus the notion of many more of you than normal sitting down to write us a letter is challeng ing and exciting. If you have the time when you jot the above note, add an other paragraph or two answering these three questions.

jor online services, or whatever; few er reviews; more reviews; the list

could go on and we're sure it will). In short, we'd like to hear from you, and if you'll help by focusing on these particular questions, we'd be most grateful. We promise to share the results with you in the months ahead.

Editor in Chief

COMPUTED Gaiello

May 19B6

- BUT BONT TAKE OUR WOUD, SEE WHAT THE EXPERTS SAY! WORD WRITER 128 M An 80-column professional word

smiA ramiKS

processing system for home and business

HWSONAL FWWCE

use. Includes an 85,000 word spelling checker, built-in 5 function calculator, and on-screen highlighting.

Financi

"... Using WORD WRITER 128 is an absolute joy ... We found nothing but the highest quality."

Run Magazine

SWIFTCALC 128 sideways A powerful, easy-to-use electronic spreadsheet designed especially for home and small business use.

SwiftCalc

... Everything you could possibly need is present in SWIFTCALC 128."

128

Run Magazine "... SWIFTCALC 128 has most of the features of Lotus 1-2-3." +

Ahoy Magazine + And at less than hall the price!

:.-■:-■.

SIDEWAYS

SYLVIA PORTER'S PERSONAL FINANCIAL All the computer tools you'll ever need to

help manage your money on a day-to■*"! basis and plan your financial Mure, ... By far the most thorough and readable manual, one that will take you keystroke by keystroke through the construction of budgets and analysis of finance ... The screen layout was the best of the programs we looked at... For beginners espe cially, it's a real standout." New York Post

SIDEWAYS

The ingeniously simple software program that rotates your spreadsheet by 90 degrees as it prints out and causes your hard copy to print out- you guessed itsideways.

DATA MANAGER 128

Data Manager

A complete general information storage

"... One small program that solves a big problem for computer users." New York Times

and retrieval system with report writing,

graphics, statistics, and label making capabilities. '... A powerful and flexible database management system that takes full advantage of the C128's potential." Run Magazine

• WORD WRITER 129, SWIFTCALC 128, and DATA MANAGER 128

Our customer technical support gets great reviews, too! "... The good news starts as soon as you open the package. A toll-free customer hotline number is printed on the inside front cover of the documentation tor each program. The support person I spoke with knew the systems and specializes In them exclusively." Ahoy Magazine

in I erface with each other. YOUR PERSONAL FINANCIAL PLANNER interfaces with WORD

Back-up program disks can be purchased from Timeworks at a nominal charge. And. with every Timeworks program you're protected by our

WRITER 128.

liberal UPGRADE AND EXCHANGE POLICY. Delails are inside every Timeworks package.

Timeworks Money Back Guarantee" If you can find anything that works better for you, simply send us

More power for your dollar Timeworks, Inc., 444 Lake Cook Rd,, Deerlieid, IL 60015 (312) 948-9200 —OHw vabd 90 days Irem dam ol pureftase

'985 limowwks. Inc. Alrnghis reamvod

your Timeworks program, your paid receipt, and the name ol the program you want, along with your check or credit card number for any retail price difference, li it's available, we'll buy il . . for you."'

COMPUTE!' Publicationsjncfl One ot the ABC PubtaOing Compaiiet

Publisher lames A. Casella Founder/Editor In Chief Robert C Lock Senior Editor Richard Mansfield Managing Editor Kathleen Martinek

Sales Offices, Jules E. Thompson

1290 Howard Avenue Suite 303 Burlingame, CA 94010

Midwest

312-726-6047

Texas Pacific Northwest

713-731-2605 415-348-8222

Northern CA

415-348-8222

Southern CA

213-378-8361 213-378-8361

Arizona New Mexico

213-378-8361

303-595-9299

Executive Editor Selby Bateman

Colorado

Editor Lance Elko Assistant Editor Todd Hrimarck

COMPUTEI Publications, Inc., publishes

Production Director Tony Roberts Editors

Tom R. Halfhill, Editor, COMPUTE! Magazine; Stephen Levy, Editor, COMPUTE! Books Division; Gail Cowper, Production Editor; Ottis R. Cowper, Technical Editor; Charles Brannon, Program Editor

COMPUTE!

COMPUTEI Book*

COMPtmi's GAZETTE Dlik

COMPUTEIS GAZETTE

Apple Application*

Editorial Office: 324 West Wendover Ave., Suite 200, Greensboro, NC 27408

Corporate Offices:

825 7th Avenue, New York, NY 10019

Assistant Editors

Customer Service:

Gregg Keizsr {Books); George Miller, (Technical); Philip Nelson

P.O. Box 5038, F.D.R. Station, New York, NY 10150

(COMPUTE! Magazine); Kathy Yakal, Assistant Features

Telephone: (In NY) 212-887-8525;

Editor; Joan Rouleau, Research/Copy Editor; Ann Davies,

(In U.S.) Toll free 1-800-346-6767

Copy Editor; Mark Tuttle, Submissions Reviewer

Office Hours: 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM Monday-Friday

Editorial Programmers

Patrick Parrish (Supervisor), Tim Victor, Kevin Mykytyn Programming Assistants

David Florance, David Hensley

President James A. Casella Vice President, Advertising Richard J. Marino

Subscription Orders

Administrative Staff

Executive Assistant, Debi Nash; Julia Fleming, Iris Brooks, Mary Hunt, Sybil Agee

COMPUTERS GAZETTE

P.O. Box 10997, Des Moines, IA 50340

TOLL FREE

Production

Subscription Order Line

Irma Swain, Production Manager; Janice Fary, Art & Design

1-800-247-5470

Director; Lee Noel, Assistant Editor, Art & Design; De Potter,

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Publications, Inc. No portion of this magazine may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher. Entire contents copyright ÂŠ 1986 COMPUTEI Publications, Inc. Rights to

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programs developed and submitted by authors are explained in our author contract. Unsolicited materials not accepted for publication will be returned if author provides a self-addressed, stamped en velope. Where programs are included in an article submission, a tape or disk must accompany Ihe submission. Printed listings are

optional, but helpful. Articles should be furnished as typed copy

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in articles or advertisements. Opinions expressed by authors are

not necessarily those of COMPUTEI Publications, Inc. COMPUTEI

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PET, CBM, V1C-20, Commodore 64, Plus/4, 16, and 128 are trade marks of Commodore Business Machines, Inc., and/or Com modore Electronics Limited. Other than as an independent supplier of quality information and services to owners and users of Com modore products, COMPUTEI Publications, Inc., is in no way asso

ciated with Commodore Business Machines, Inc., or any of its subsidiaries.

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Editors and Readers

Do you have a question or a problem? Have you discovered something that

Note that the message "ZERO WORKED" never prints. As far as IF is

make it more difficult to copy the disk since most simple copy programs halt

could help other Commodore users? We want to hear from you. Write to

concerned, zeros are always false, and any

with error messages when a nonstandard disk format is detected.

other number is true.

Gazette Feedback, COMFUTEI's GA ZETTE, P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403. We regret that due to the

The Designers' Signatures

volume of mail received, we cannot respond individually to program

Several months ago, we published some

ming questions.

software.

information about messages hidden in 128 owners who are curious

about who worked on designing their computer can find out by entering SYS

32800,123,45,6. Although this SYS has

A Partial IF One of the programs you published contains an IF statement with no equals

been mentioned in several user group

newsletters and on bulletin boards, we're

sign: IF A THEN PRINT A,B$,C,D:

uncertain about who originally discov ered it.

STOP. Shouldn't there be a variable or expression for A to equal? Eugene Guerin

Why Aren't Disks Preformatted?

There's no mistake in that line; it's the equivalent of IF A<>0 THEN PRINT

A,B$,C,D: STOP. In otherwords, if A is any value other than zero, then print the four variables and stop the program. You may be accustomed to IF-THEN

statements thai contain a complete ex

I understand that 1 have to format a blank disk before using it. If commer cial software can be sold on formatted disks, why can't blank disks be already formatted when you buy them? Wendy Hsieh

In a world where all computers used com

pression like IF X-5 THEN Y=Y+Z.

patible disk operating systems, preformat-

There's an intermediate step, though, one that you don't see. When BASIC comes to the IF, it evaluates the expression (in this example, the expression is X=5). It checks

ted disks would be a great convenience. However, almost every computer manu

the value of the variable X against the number five. If it's true that X equals five,

the computer executes the statement—or statements—after THEN. Otherwise it drops through to the next line.

The expression X=5is either true or

false. Within the computer, true expres

sions are assigned a value of — 1, while false expressions are given a value of 0. You can test this by typing in the follow

ing line: X-5:PRINT(X-5MX = 6f

ifX. is not equal to evaluates to IF 0 and "false," the statements are skipped. But if the

five, the IF X=5 since zero means following THEN variable X really

holds a five, the first part of the line be

comes IF —l.A zero always causes the IF to fail, any other value triggers the THEN. Try the following lines to see how this works:

facturer uses a unique disk format— usually one that's incompatible with nearly every other brand. To sell format

ted disks, a dealer would have to stock dozens of different types: one set of disks for the single-sided Commodore 1541, one

for the double-sided 1571, another for IBM, at least two different formats for Ap ple, three different ones for Atari, and so on.

Disks containing commercial soft ware must be formatted because it's im possible to put any data on an un formatted disk. Formatting establishes the tracks and sectors—the magnetic paths in

which data is stored, as well as the map which tells the disk drive which of the available storage areas actually contain

data. It's somewhat misleading to say that commercial software is sold on formatted disks—formatting isn't really an extra step in the process of preparing disks for

commercial software, it's integral to stor ing the program on the disk. Many com

IF 0 THEN PRINT "ZERO WORKED"

mercial software manufacturers take advantage of the formatting process to add special copy protection schemes. These

IF .5 THEN PRINT ".5 IS TRUE"

are intentional "kinks" in the format that

IF -5 THEN PRINT "-5 IS TRUE" IF -1 THEN PRINT "—1 IS TRUE"

COMPUTEfs Gazette

May 1986

You can walk into a computer store and buy a box of disks without having to wonder if they'll be compatible with your

Commodore. To save time, some people format every disk in a box immediately after opening it. It takes a few minutes,

but once it's done you don't have to bother with formatting and you never have to wonder if you've already formatted the

disk.

Aligning Columns For any future SpcedScript updates, I would suggest adding a tab key func

tion, so columns of numbers could be lined up more easily. It's incredibly te dious to count spaces, and it's easy to get confused by the appearance of 60-

column formatted data on a 40-column screen.

Jim King Here's a suggestion for aligning columns in SpeedScript and many other 40-column

word processors. First type in a line that's mostly blank spaces, with periods where you want the columns to start. Press RE

TURN and then move to the beginning of the line. Press CTRL-E to erase the para graph, which puts it into SpeedScript's erase buffer. Now press CTRL-R to recall the buffer several times—as many lines as you need. (With some word processors, you may have to define the line and then use a copy command). Now you've got a screen that's full of

periods and spaces. Make sure you're not in insert mode—if the SpeedScript com

mand line is blue, press CTRL-I to go into overstrike mode. Tab to the beginning of a column (marked by a period) with the fl

key or the cursor-down key. Type the information for that column, press fl again, and so on. Because of the word

wrap feature, the screen might not look right, but when it's printed out, the col umns will be aligned. One more thing—if

you make a mistake, don't use the delete key, because it pulls characters to the left. Instead, use the left-arrow key in the top left corner of the keyboard. It erases by re placing characters with spaces.

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Moving Proofreader Down A Line My computer is connected to a TV and I can't see all of the characters on the top

line. Usually it's not a problem, but checksums from the New Automatic Proofreader are not visible. Can you tell me how to move the two letters down to the next line? Stephen Simon

All television sets have some degree of

overscan, which means the picture is not displayed in -its entirety. The edges are

covered, the same way the edges of a painting might be covered by a frame. It's not disastrous if you don't see what's hap pening on the periphery of a television show, but it could be a problem if you

couldn't see all oj the screen. So, because of overscan. Commodore computers sur~ round the main screen with a border area in which no text is printed. Even with the additional border, some TV sets suffer from overscan severe

enough to obscure portions of the screen. If you can't adjust the picture to include the top screen line, you can modify the program as follows: In Hue BO, change 20570 to 20551.

In line 110, change 22054 to 22035. In line J90, change 19 to 0.

Resave the program, using a different

filename than you gave to the original version. These modifications move the

checksum to just below the last line en tered. This makes the Proofreader some what less convenient for listing and rechecking a group of existing program lines, so you probably won't want to make this change unless it's absolutely

decimal (base ten). Numbers have to be converted into floating-point binary num bers before BASIC can perform mathemat

ical operations. Then the result has to be translated back to base ten before it's printed. Slight, almost insigtiificatit, inac curacies can be introduced in this conver sion process. To make things worse, the SQR function operates through loga rithms, which can exacerbate the inaccu racies. Try entering PRINT SQRQ601), which should be 51, but turns out to be slightly off. If you PRINT SQR(9), the computer says the answer is 3. Now try this: IF SQR<9)=3 THEN PRINT "THEY'RE EQUAL". The number 9 is converted to floating-point format, the square root (half of the logarithm) is calculated, and the re

sulting 3 is slightly different from a nor mal 3. The difference is so small that it doesn't show up when you print the square

Also, I have a question. I wrote the

following program to check for positive and negative numbers, but it doesn't al ways work: 10 INPUT A: B-A'A: OSQR(B) 20 IF A = C THEN PRINT "POSITIVE"

It doesn't print "POSITIVE" for

some numbers like 3, 5, and 6. Why not?

Benjamin Burgess

Thanks for the doodling program, it's great fun for such a short program. It could provide the basis for a full-featured hi-res sketching program. COMPUTED GozoHo

May 1986

extra PRINTtt is important because there may be a few characters remaining in the

printer buffer. Unlike a typewriter, which prints characters one at a time as the keys are pressed, a printer doesn't usually print a

character immediately after receiving it. Printers stash the characters in a buffer(a small area of memory in the printer, enough to hold at least one line of 80 or more characters). Two events can trigger characters in the buffer to be printed to paper—when the buffer fills up or when

an end-of-line character (a carriage re turn) is received. A misunderstanding may arise when

the computer transmits the final line of

a carriage return that forces the final line to print and returns output to the screen.

number is positive, it's faster to use a line such as IF A>0 or to use the SGN func tion, which tells you the sign of a num

You can then type CWSE 1.

ber—positive, zero, or negative.

Listing Tricks One of your articles said that putting a SHIFT-L after a REM prevents the com

Cleaning Up After A Program Listing

puter from listing past that line. Is there

When I finish typing a program, I find it

OPEN 1,4 CMD 1: LIST

Plug the Koala Pad into port one of the 128. The POT commands are de signed to read paddles, but they work on the Koala Pad as well.

that you include only the channel num ber—you don't have to CLOSE 1,4). The

it's not suitably accurate for finding out which numbers are positive. To see if a

Koala Doodle For The 128

10 GRAPHIC 1,1: COLOR 1,2 20X = FOT<1): Y = POT<2) 30 DRAW 1,X,Y: GOTO 20

When the printer is finished, you should enter PRINT #1: CLOSE 1. (Note

the program listing. Your 64 knows that it's done, that it listed the whole program. But the printer may still have some char acters in the buffer. It's waiting for more instructions. ThePRINT#l command sends

much easier to check for errors by hav ing my Gemini print it out. I use these lines:

Koala Pad:

cancelled. But that's not the best method for regaining control of your 64.

root of nine, only when you check to see if it's equal to three. Not only is the SQR function rela tively slow compared to other operations,

necessary.

I have written a program which may be useful to readers who own a 128 and a

To atiswer your question: First, your computer doesn't make calculations in

My printer wakes up and quickly

lists the program. My problem is that the only way I can regain control of my computer is to type READY after

CLOSE 1,4. The Gemini prints OUT OF DATA ERROR and I get the READY

prompt back on the monitor. 1 thought the CLOSE statement was supposed to return output from the printer to the screen automatically. Both of my 64s do the same thing. What's wrong? Joann Emerson

You're using the first three commands cor rectly, but before you close the channel to

the printer, you need to send a blank line. The OPEN command tells the computer to open channel number one to the printer, which is device four. CMD causes all out put to go to the previously opened chan nel. As a result, when you LIST the

program, the listing is transferred to the printer instead of the screen. When you type READY, it's interpreted as a READ command. If there are no DATA state ments, an error occurs and the CMD is

any way to make the screen clear and print a message when someone tries to

list a program? Monte Ohrt

Try this: Enter a low line number and REM. Press SHIFT-2 twice and delete the second quotation mark (only one quotation mark is needed, but you don't want to be

in quote mode). Now press CTRL-9 to turn on reverse mode, followed by SH1FT-M

and SHIFTS. You should see a reverse backslash and a reverse heart. You can now turn off reverse mode with CTRL-0 and enter the message you want printed at

the top of the screen. Whenever you list the program, this line will clear the screen and print your message.

Use The Wedge Within A Program When using the DOS Wedge (from the 1541 Test/Demo Disk), you can type

@S to see the directory. The program in memory remains intact. But the @$

command doesn't work inside a pro gram, and causes a syntax error. Can you help? Steve Nixon

For some reason, you have to put the dol

lar sign inside quotation marks. Within a program, use @"S" to list the directory.

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u^iicfls we As rights ititrwa

Modem Shortcuts

ic mail that might be waiting, signs off,

I've just started to access CompuServe and other services with my 64 and mo dem. I expect to be making fairly fre quent use of them and am already

looking for ways to save lime. For one thing, I'm looking for a 1200-baud mo dem for faster communications. But I

find much of my time is taken up wad ing through menus, supplying com

mands. I could save a lot of time if I could enter the responses to prompts before signing onto a service. Do you know of any terminal programs with this capability? John Godfrey Although menus are helpful when you're new to telecommunications or when you

just want to explore the system, they can get in the way when you know exactly

where you want to go. To reach Compu Serve's TPUG-sponsored Commodore Special Interest Group (S1G), for example, you have to make your way through sever

al levels of menus. But you should only have to work

through the menus one time. When you find an area you like, make a note of the CompuServe page number in the top right

corner. The TPUG area, for example, is called PCS-116. The next time you log on, enter GO PCS-116 at the exclamation point (!) prompt. You'll bypass all the

menus and go directly to the Commodore SIG. Another option is to go to Compu Serve's User Information area (the first

choice on the main menu when you first sign on) and customize your log-on proce

dure. You can set things up so that when you enter the system, you're sent directly to a specified section, whether it's PCS116, the CB simulator, or any other area. You can also create your own custom

menu with up to ten different choices. Many local bulletin boards have a similar option. Most have an "expert user" command that turns off the list of

available commands, sa you don't have to see the menu of choices every time you log on.

To make things even easier, many terminal programs allow you to redefine

some keys as macros. You might set up the fl key to print GO PCS-U6, for ex ample. After logging on, you would just

press fl to go to the SIG. Another helpful feature available in some terminal programs is an automatic log-on file. Such a file contains the phone

hangs up the phone, and prints out the messages. When he wakes up, the mail is waiting for him.

Indented Listings One of the subjects we're studying in a

Computer Literacy course is structured programming. The computers at school allow indented formatting of loops,

which I would like to do on my 64. However, additional spaces placed be

but I'm not initially concerned with this. Geoff Chittenden Prog rummers who like to indent lines on a 64 or other Commodores commonly em

ploy two techniques. The first is to place a single SHIFTSPACE, SHIFT-], or almost any other

shifted character immediately after the line number, followed by one or more reg ular spaces. The shifted character is re

moved from the line, but the spaces remain. A minor drawback of this tech nique (apart from the extra memory it

takes) is that if you should press RETURN over an indented line, the spaces are re moved. Thus, whenever you change an in dented line, it's necessary to go to the beginning of the line and type both INSerT and a shifted letter. The second method is to put a colon (:) at the beginning of a line. You can then

add as many spaces as you like and they won't be affected by later changes to the line.

Duplicate Program Names After entering a program from your magazine, I discovered a few typing mistakes. I corrected them and attempt ed to resave the program, but the red

light on the 1541 started flashing. The next time I loaded the program, the error messages return as if 1 hadn't changed

the program. What am I doing wrong? Connie Payne

The error in the program returned because you really hadn't changed the program— at least not the program stored on disk. A blinking red error light on the 1541 (or a

tried lo save means that your corrected version was not saved. Whenever you see the error light blinking, you need to figure

know of one person who sets up his com puter and modem before going to sleep. At 4:00 a.m., when there's not much traffic

out what caused the problem before pro

on the system, the computer automatical

gram under the same name you used when

May 1986

used already. It's more difficult on the VIC and 64: Loading the directory erases

you to view the directory without actually

assume they would take extra memory,

terminal program uses this information to

COMPUTE'S GazBtte

128, Plus/4, and 16 owners can use the CATALOG command to check the disk di rectory and see which names have been

is listed. How can 1 keep the spaces in? I

The fact that it was blinking after you

in the directory. The most obvious solu

tion are eliminated when the program

letin board or information service. The

ly dials CompuServe, downloads eleclron-

possible to tell which program was which

the program you're trying to save, unless you're using a utility like "MetaBASIC" or the "DOS Wedge," both of which allow

tween the line number and the instruc

number, ID, and passwords to reach a bul

send the ID and password, and so on. We

cate names were allowed it would be im

tion to the duplicate name problem is to simply use a different name when you save a corrected program. Commodore

blinking green light on the 1571) is a sig nal to you that the operation you were at tempting was not completed successfully.

dial the number, wait for a connection,

a disk must have a unique name; if dupli

ceeding with any further disk operations. Most likely, you tried to save the pro you saved it originally. Every program on

loading it. If you want to save a new version of a program and get rid of the old one, the best

procedure is to first delete (scratch) the old

file, then save the revised version. To scratch the old file, enter this line:

OPEN 1,8,15,"S0:/;'(enume":CLOSE I

The first number (1 in this example) can be any value you choose; whatever number you use should match the number following the CWSE statement. The sec ond number is the device number for the drive (usually 8. unless you have more than one drive). The third number must be 15, the command channel for the drive. Commodore 128, Plus/4, and 16 owners can also use the simpler built-in command: SCRATCH "filename"

After scratching the old version of the program, you can save the revised ver sion under the same name.

The 1541 and 1571 drives do have a "save-with-replace" feature that per forms this scratch-and-save process auto matically, but we advise against using it. A bug in save-with-replace sometimes causes programs saved in this manner to

be scrambled. (For more information on this problem—and how to avoid il—see "Savc-wilh-Replace: Debugged at Last" in the October and November 1985 issues

of computer For the curious, Save-withReplace simply adds an @ symbol to the

normal SAVE syntax: SAVE "@0:fiIename",8

DSAVE "@filename"

If you do choose to use save-withreplace, you should always reset the drive before you save, either by turning the drive off and back on, or by sending the re set command: OPEN 1,8,15, "UJ"

CLOSE I

The drive needs a brief moment to re set, so the CLOSE should be on a separate

line. If you send this command from pro gram mode, insert a delay loop (or use SLEEP 1 if you have a 128).

Finding out what caused a disk prob lem is a simple matter on the 128, Plus/4, and 16: lust PRINT DS$ to see the disk error number and message. You can get

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the same information on a VIC or 64, but it takes a bit more work. You must read the error number and error message from the drive's command channel Enter and run the following one-line program (or add it to the program in memory): 1 OPEN 15,8,15:INPUT#15,ER,ER$

:CLOSE 1S:PRINT ER;ER$:END

You must enter this as a program rather than simply as an immediate mode command because INPUT# works only in program mode. For your save problem, you'd be likely to see 63 FILE EXISTS, meaning there's already a file with the name you supplied. Another possibility is 74 DRIVE NOT READY, meaning that you have no disk in the drive, that the disk

in the drive is not formatted, or that the drive door is not closed. Refer to your disk

drive manual for explanations of other er ror numbers and messages,

80 Columns On A Television Here's a hint for 128 owners who don't own a monitor but want to use the 80-

column screen. If you own a video cas sette recorder (VCR), you can get 80 columns on your television. First, you

need the right type of monochrome 80column cable, available commercially for about $10.

The VIC-1I video chip of the Commo

I read in either COMPUTE! or COMPUTED

address only 16K of memory at one lime, however, which means that all video infor

showed that the "TurboDisk" program (July '85 GAZETTE) would not run. Has this been tried with production models?

mation, including sprite definitions and

the hi-res bitmap, must be in the same 16K of memory. Since the 64 contains 64K

of memory, you can select one of four dif ferent 16K video banks. When you first turn on a 64, the default video bank is number 0 (memory locations 0-16383). The hi-res screen must begin on an

even SK boundary, which means that within the default video bank there are two places it can go; either at 0-7999 (not

very useful—a lot of important infor mation like zero-page pointers and the stack is stored in this area), or locations

8192-16191. So if you leave the V1C-I1 in bank 0, the only choice is to put the hi-res screen at 8192-16191. Unfortunately, this

makes 12288 unavailable for sprite definitions. There are two solutions to this prob lem. One is to put your sprites and char

acter definitions lower in memory. The following table shows which locations are available: 704-767 832-959

Insert the 9-pin plug into the 128's RGBI port and plug the RCA jack into

the Video In port on your VCR. The VCR takes the composite video signal

good as a monitor, but it's readable.

This method doesn't work very well with a color TV, but I'm using a black and white TV, which provides an ac

screen memory (or color memory

2048-4095

of hi-res bitmap screen). available for up to 32 sprite definitions or custom

4096-8191

8192-16383

ceptable display. John W. Marrow

Thanks for the information. This tech nique works nicely. Also, you can build your own cable—see "Storage and Dis play: Using Peripherals with the 128" in

last month's issue.

Combining Sprites With Hi-Res I'm trying to write an arcade game for the 64 using both sprites and hi-res graphics. The sprites, which are stored at location 12288, always rum to gar

bage. Can you help?

John Lefebyne

Although memory locations 12288-16383

are usually a convenient area for storing sprite shapes, you can't put sprites there at the same time a hi-res screen is active,

because of the way graphics are handled

on the 64. Either you'll have the sprite shapes and the hi-res screen in two sepa rate video banks (which is not allowed), or they'll be in the same video bank with the

sprite definitions conflicting with the hi res screen memory. 16

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 19B6

can hold one sprite definition. can hold two sprite definitions (shapes will be scrambled if you access the Datassette).

1024-2047

and converts it to a TV-compatible sig

nal. The display is obviously not as

TurboDisk And The 1571

dore 64 is responsible for displaying all graphics—text, hi-res, and sprites. It can

charaders. used for ROM shadow of char acter set, unavailable for hi-res or sprites. can be used either for bitmap screen or for character and sprite definitions.

As you can see, there is plenty of

room available for character and sprite

GAZETTE that initial tests of the 1571

Phil Combs We recently tested "TurboDisk" on a 128

(in 64 mode) and a 1571 disk drive. At first, the program didn't work properly and the computer locked up. But after sending the command which makes the 1571 act like a 1541—OPEN 15,8,15, "U0>M0"—TurboDisk worked fine.

No Modem For CP/M Mode? There is a severe problem with CP/M

on the Commodore 128. The RS-232 port cannot be accessed from within CP/M and this means, of course, that no terminal program can be used. Con

sidering the severity of this bug, I am surprised that I have seen nothing in

print about it. Could you get to the bot tom of this? Courtney Harrington

It's true that the first releases of CP/M did not support telecommunications. But this is not a bug in the hardware, it was simply a feature omitted from the original

CP/M disk. Commodore presumably de cided to release the 128 without CP/M telecommunications rather than delay

shipping the machine. The advantage of a disk-based oper ating system like CP/M is that it's quite easy to revise and update. When you boot

the CP/M disk, if you see a date of June or August 1985, you've got one of the early versions. There's a new CP/M disk that

does support telecommunications (the version we have here at COMPUTE! Pub lications is dated December 6).

definitions when the hi-res screen is at lo

cation 8192. Bui BASIC programs also re side in this area, beginning at 2048. To protect sprite definitions, custom charac ters, and the hi-res screen from BASIC and vice versa; raise the start of BASIC to

16384 with the following line: POKE 44,64:POKE 64'2S6,0:NEW

This must be entered before you be gin typing in or loading a program.

A second way to solve the memory

conflict is to move all video information

(screen memory, character definitions, sprites, and hi-res) to another bank and POKE to 56576 to redirect the V1C-H chip

to the new video bank. For a brief explana

Where's The Software! I've had a question I've wanted to ask

for years, but always thought someone else would ask it and I would see the answer in the gazette. The question is, where do you find CP/M software? I have a CP/M cartridge for my 64 and I've looked for software in every com puter store, but never found anything

for CP/M. Now the 128 is available, and it has a CP/M mode. Maybe a bet ter question is, what good is the 128's

CP/M mode if you can't find software for it? Alan Vocelka

tion of how to switch video banks, see "Creating Hi-Res Graphics on the 64" (August 1985). More detailed information and examples can be found in Mapping the Commodore 64 and COMPUTED

Start by looking in a local bookstore for books about CP/M. Chances are you'll find a book or two with an index listing software companies, RCPM bulletin

Graphics.

can call or write to. If you have a modem,

Reference Guide to Commodore 64

boards, or CP/M user groups, which you

CompuServe has a variety of interest

Get more out of your Commodore with

COMPUTED FOR COMMODORE PERSONAL COMPUTER USERS

More fun

Children will learn and develop new skills with States

& Capitals Tutor, Wordmatch, Munchrnath, Wordspell, Con nect the Dots, Aardvark Attack, and Alfabug. Comput ing for Kids, a regular monthly feature, will uncover new ways to Involve your children In computing.

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Automatic Proofreader and more.

Martian Prisoner, The Viper.

Skydiver, Snake Escape, De mon Star, Cyclon Zap, and Oil

More buying guidance

Tycoon are just a few of the ready-to-run games you'll find

exclusively in COMPUTEI's Gazette each month. Just

You'll profit from comprehen sive reviews of everything from

type in the programs and watch your screen explode with colorful new computer game excitement.

data-quality cassette tapes to

software to graphics plotters and modems. Virtually any thing that's compatible with

your Commodore is reported on in COMPUTEl's Gazette. With this kind of expert help,

More challenge

every computer purchase you

Ready to tackle more ad vanced projects? In COM-

More programs

PUTE's! Gazette, you'll learn

Programs to help you balance

how to use tape and disk files,

your checkbook, store your

how to program the function

addresses, keep tax records,

keys, writing transportable BASIC, how to make custom graphics characters, new ways to enliven programs with sound, one-touch commands for the 64, how to use ma chine language, speeding up the VIC-20—and much morel

make can be the right one!

Order now All you do is mail the postpaid

manage your personal busi ness. You can create your own programs and games,

card bound into this Issue. But don't delay! Subscribe npw to

improve your word processing, spreadsheets, and data base

COMPUTEI's Gazette,

management, load and run

faster with 64 Searcher, VIC/64 Program Llfesaver,

start receiving every issue of For Faster Service

Call Toll-Free 1-800-346-6767

groups for CP/M, with many programs that can be downloaded. Check the yellow pages under computer dealers and call

stores that carry KayPro, Heath/Zenith,

Epson, or other CP/M computers. Ask

them if they know of any CP/M user groups or bulletin boards in the area. You could also contact Poseidon Electronics (103 Waverley Place, New York, NY 10011, 212-777-9515). Include a dollar

bill for shipping/handling and a selfaddressed envelope with two stamps if you want a catalog. They have several dozen disks for sale for both CP/M 2.2 (on the 64) and CP/M 3.0 (on the 128). Also, you might want to check out -All About CP/M on the 128," an article in last month's issue which discusses sev eral commercial CP/M packages. The fol lowing letter will also be of interest.

soon be starting a new interest group de voted to CP/M on the 128.

first time through the loop, A(f) is given theCHR$(32) which ends up being a value ofO,andT(J)getsaCHR$(55)foravalueof

Tab Stops And Separators

both variables receive values of 5. You wrote a 755 to the file, but reading result ed in the four separate numbers 0, 7, 5, and 5. // you change the GET* to IN PUT*, everything will work correctly. 1NPUT# reads a series of characters and doesn't stop until it finds a CHRS<13), the

I'm writing a program that asks for mu sical notes to be input and then plays a tune. I wanted to add an option to save

the data to disk, so you could recall the song and play it back later. The save routine seems to work, but when the

data is read back it's different and the

Commodore 128 users who are new to CP/M may wish to seek out a local CP/M users group for information about public domain software that will run on the 128. It might be a good idea to look for an Osbome users group: Unlike many CP/M users, Osborne owners include a number of users of CP/M+ (also know as CP/M-Plus or

CP/M 3.0), the version of the operating system found in the 128. Commodore 128 users may find kindred spirits among Osbome users. It should be noted that the 128 reads only Osborne double-density (DD) disks as "native" format. Watch out for Osborne single-density (SD) disks, the 128 won't read them. If you

should happen to get such a disk, check in with a local Osborne group where

you'll undoubtedly find a friendly soul who will move the program to DD format. A good source of information is the First Osborne Group (FOG), Box 3474,

Daly City, CA 94015, of which our local group is an affiliated member. Contact them for information on local FOG chapters. Those in the Chicago area should drop us a note: Chicago's First Osborne Group, Box 1768, Chicago, IL 60690. Or call our 24-hour remote

CP/M (RCPM) bulletin board at 312344-2505. A portion of the system, with

downloadable files, is open to the pub lic, as is the message system. Benjamin H. Cohen, CFOG President

Many 64 owners who upgraded to the 128 have said they're comfortable with the two Commodore modes, but feel puzzled

and baffled by the CP/M operating sys tem. Thanks for the information and ex

pression of support. We've called the

program listing. Stephen Setser

There are two bugs in your program, one in the save routine and one in the load routine. We'll begin with the save routine,

which writes the musical data to a disk file in the following tine (which is within a 150 PR1NT#3,A(J>,T[J)

comma, though, causes a problem. You can see what will happen if you enter the following line in direct mode: PRINT

"ABC","DEF". Within a PRINT state ment, a comma causes the cursor to skip ahead to the next column, much like the tab key on a typewriter. Within a PR1NT# command, a comma performs a similar function, adding several spaces between

items in a file. Change line 150 to fix the routine that writes the file: 150 PRINT#3,A(J): PRINT#3,T(J)

Each variable written to disk will be followed by a RETURN, the control code character 13 is important. If you wanted the variables to be written one after an

sends a carrier. 1 could unplug the mo

dem to prevent this, but that's irritating. Please help. Danny Tai

It would certainly be annoying to have a friend call you only to hear the shrieking of a modem trying to make a connection. Fortunately, there's a simple way to solve the problem. Several telecommunications services have held online conferences about the 128. At one of these conferences held a few months ago, an expert from Commodore answered that question. From BASIC, enter the following line: OPEN 2,2,2,CHR$(6) + CHRS(0> PRINT#2,"ATS0-0": CLOSE2

That's all there is to it. Your modem

will stop answering the phone for you. The Commodore representative also hint ed that future versions of the 1670 will

have a switch to disable the auto-answer feature.

PiayNet Is Online

other, you would add a semicolon directly

Based on information received from repre

after the variableâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;PRINT#3,A(J); for

sentatives of the PiayNet telecommunica tions service prior to publication of the article "What's New Online for Commo dore" (March 1986), we omitted PiayNet

example.

In your program, the routine that reads the file has a loop containing the fol lowing line: 140 GET#3,A(J),T(J>

from the material presented. Since the sto ry appeared, we've learned that PiayNet, while undergoing some internal reorgani

In this case, the commas are fine. You can GET# or INPUT* multiple items from a data file by separating the variable names with commas. The problem is that you're using GET# where you should be

sion. We wish to assure readers that the service can be reached at the following

using INPUT*.

address: PiayNet, 200 Jordan Road, Troy,

The way you wrote the program, one of the values for variable A(f) might be 755. When that number is written to the file, it takes up four bytes on the disk, plus

NY 12180. Phone: 1-800-PLAYNET.

one more for the RETURN character. If you looked at the file, you would find a

space character (ASCII 32), the "7" char

sysop left a message that CFOG would

GET* reads a single character, so the

May 19B6

I recently purchased Commodore's new 1200 baud modem (model 1670) and am having difficulty with it. Every time the phone rings when the 64 is on, the modem automatically answers and

CHR$(13). In a moment we'll see why the

acter (ASCII 55), and two "5" characters (ASCII 53).

COMPUTE!* Gazette

An Unwanted Answering Service

The commas in the line have two completely different functions. The first comma, after PRINT#3, is necessary; it separates the PR!NT# command from the variable to be written to disk. The second

CFOG bulletin board (using the CP/M terminal program called MEX) and the 1B

RETURN character.

program never works. I have enclosed a

FOR-NEXT bop):

Support For CP/M

7. The next time through the GE7"# loop,

zation, remains online. Our article dead

line happened to coincide with the changes at PiayNet, resulting in the omis

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449-91

Computer user Michael Riesman, conductor and keyboardist for the Philip Glass Ensemble.

"ffs possible to create a fully orchestrated piece of music at home." —Michael Riesman

MUSICIANS MEET COMPUTERS Selby Bateman, Features Editor

All forms of contemporary music—television themes, film scores, Top 40 albums, pop/rock concerts, and even classical performances—are increasingly being influenced by sophisticated digital instruments and new computers and software. For professional musicians, the impact can be both liberating and threatening. Whatever the reaction, it's clear that the world of music will never be the same. The landscape of professional music has been undergoing tre mendous changes during the past few years:

• Digital synthesizers bring us musical sounds never before created; and at the same time stretch, transpose, bend, rotate,

and mix more familiar sounds in ways totally unimaginable to earlier musicians.

• Sound-sampling machines capture, digitize, and recreate virtually any sound, from the chirp of a bird to the roar of a freight train, with amazing fidelity. • A new generation of computers and computer software provides professional-quality composition and performance tools at low prices, and in forms accessible even to amateur musicians. COMPUTE!'* Qazetta

May 1936

• And MIDI, the Musical In strument Digital Interface, links all

of these instruments, mixing and enhancing their capabilities, and providing musicians with unparal

leled control and an often bewilder ing array of new options. So swift has the new technol ogy arrived, that composers and performers are experiencing much the same "future shock" that has engulfed the personal computer in dustry during the past half-dozen years.

But perhaps the most impor tant result, for amateurs and professionals alike, is how this new technology allows the musician to

enjoy professional studio capabili ties in his or her own home with the

performance power of an entire or chestra—and then some.

cians in the last ten years, begin

then have the opportunity to ma

ning with the first home multitrack units. Musicians can now compose, can create, more readily at home than they did before," he says. Commodore computer owners

nipulate it, change the sound, that kind of thing. Whereas in the past, I've always been locked into impro visation on tape, and that's it— either you redo it, or you leave it,"

won't be surprised to learn that, for

he says.

many musicians, their first expo

Recently, a popular music magazine polled its readers to find

fessionally in film soundtrack de velopment. "A Commodore 64, with the correct composing pro gram, gives me the ability to se quence and edit without using a tape and razor blade, the old-

fashioned way. I can just punch in my parts, get my 17 seconds of this

recently polled its readers and found that half of them had computers, and half of those had Commodore 64s.

theme, and sequence the entire matter. And MIDI into the com puter makes it that much easier."

Another

professional musician

who has used the Commodore

64 in serious compositional work is Michael Riesman, conductor and

keyboardist for the internationally acclaimed Philip Glass Ensemble. Under the direction of the respected avant-garde composer Philip Glass, the group has performed the score for such movies as Koyaanisqatsi and Breathless, in addition to col laborations with leading choreogra phers, opera directors, and rock and pop stars like David Bowie, Paul Si mon, David Byrne, and others. The

Ensemble has been among the first groups to continually explore the possibilities of electronic music, in cluding computers.

Riesman recently bought an Apple Macintosh, and is using it

COMPUTE'S Qazotto

May 1986

setup comes close to achieving what he can do with those units.

Just sit down and play something,

doesn't own a 64, he's used it pro

music magazine

dollars, Riesman feels that his new

"The trend—the latest hot thing—seems to be geared toward home recording," says Ron Bienstock, a professional musician, film soundtrack composer, and former publisher/editor of International Mu sician and Recording World magazine. "That explosion is probably the biggest development for musi

sure to a computer was the Com modore 64. Although Bienstock

popular

machines—Fairlights and Synclaviers—costing tens of thousands of

"I usually work from a struc

ture, but I improvise a lot of key board parts. With this system, I'm hoping that I'm essentially going to be able to make records at home— do all of my parts at home with the

flexibility of time and inspiration.

out their interest in computers. The

results, Riesman notes, showed that professional and amateur musi cians are very much aware of the powers of computers and their ca pabilities when hooked to other electronic instruments.

"Something like half of the readership had computers," says Riesman, "and half of those had Commodore 64s. And of the other half who didn't have computers, half were planning to buy one." This enthusiasm is already having a spillover effect in a variety of ways, he adds. "I think the big change is for composer-performers who are going to be able to create music and get it out to the public without making a tremendous in vestment in studio time, in hiring

musicians and so on. It's possible to create a fully orchestrated, big sounding piece of music at home. And this is an exciting develop

ment, because I've felt that in the

twentieth century the focus has been on performers, and the cre ation of new music has sort of slipped into the background except in the pop field." Riesman's early interest in the Commodore 64 led him to develop, with Steven Buchwalter, Cantus,

The Music Improviser, a disk-based program for the 64 that creates, in realtime, three-voice improvisa

with Total Music, a sequencer and

tions. Rather than typing in notes,

music notation package from

you enter choices for tempo, har

Southworth Music Systems. Al

mony, rhythm, counterpoint, voice

though he's worked with synthe

range, and tone color—from which

sizers and sound sampling

Cantus improvises. Each of the

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Your Commodore 128 or 64 Vbu want the very best software you can find For your Commodore 128 or 64, right? You want integrated software — word processing,

database ana spreadsheet applications — at a sensible price. But, you also want top-of-the-line features. Well, our Paperback 128/64 software goes one better. With Paperback 128 or 64, you'll find all the features you can imagine... and then some. And Paperback 128/64 is so easy to use, you won't even need the reference guide. On-screen and in memory instructions will have you up and running in less than 30 minutes, even if you've never used a computer before. The price? It's as low as you'd expect for a line of software called 'Paperback', Suggested Retail Price for

the 64 Software is $39.95 (U.S!) and $49.95 (U.S.) for handling. (Available to registered owners from Digital Solutions Inc. only.) Paperback Writer 128 or 64, Paperback Planner 128 or

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choices you make becomes a "patch" that can be saved to disk and replayed at any time. The pro gram comes with 65 such patches already on disk, representing a

broad range of musical styles. You can also modify those patches. Cantus requires no musical

into the practice in the studio of

playing two keyboards at the same time, as one way of getting more complex, more interesting synthe sizer sounds, or doing multiple overdubs of the same part. "So I was just dying for some

thing to link keyboards together.

knowledge of the user, although it

Both from the standpoint of doing a

comes with a 48-page manual for

live performance or a recording stu

those who want to explore how the

dio performance, having multiple synthesizers under one keyboard's control—and from the point of view

program operates. (Algo-Rhythm

Software, J76Mineola Blvd., Mineola, NY 11501, $39.95 plus $2 shipping.)

of sequencing software—MIDI de

Riesman says his interest in computers was an outgrowth of the earlier development of synthesizers with digital memory, sound sam

velopment is really terrific." In addition to all of the new options for musicians, there are also a number of troubling questions in

pling machines, digital recorders

volved with the development of digital, computer-based music.

and reverberators, and similar elec tronic instruments. "Most of the developments af

fected at this point are recording and composing activities, as op posed to live performance," he says. For example, digital memory in a synthesizer allows musicians to program all of their synthesizer sounds at home, then go into a stu dio and start recording right away.

Prior to that, a musician would have to rent the studio space to do all of the programming as well as the recording. Similarly, sound sampling ma chines have already begun to affect the way that a group like the Philip Glass Ensemble approaches concert dates. "For example, to do perfor mances of a piece called The

Photographer, which called for six female voices—well, that's some thing we can't afford to do on tour. We can't afford to take five extra singers along for one piece. With an emulator, however, we can simulate a chorus and are able to perform that piece of music. "And, although we really haven't found it to be a replacement for live musicians, the emulator en ables you to use fewer musicians and still get an orchestral kind of sound," he says.

Critics of electronic music have

complained of its mechanical, ster ile sound and its departure from traditional music sounds and forms—although the number of

those complaints has been reduced as instruments become more so phisticated and performers more proficient in their use. Sound sam pling devices also raise issues relat ing to the use—or misuse—of a performer's sound and the threat that some musicians may be put out

of work. The amazing capabilities of

digital sound sampling machines have already given rise to the abili ty to have virtually anything re corded—or sampled—and then reused over and over again even

without the performer's knowl edge, says Ron Bienstock. For example, Bienstock says, a well-known rock musician recently called in a well-respected acoustic bass player and paid him to play on one cut of an album. "They paid him a single-session fee. He goes home, and the next thing he hears from people on the street is that

he's on three cuts. Now, that is something that the unions—in terms of their laws and rules and

enforcement problems—are facing at the moment," he says. Once you have digitally sampled a sound, it

The

within their reach, probably within

the next year," Bienstock says. Al though the courts have not yet be gun to hand out rulings in this area, Bienstock expects the legal rulings

will be fascinating. "All my attorney friends who I spoke to from major firms—copy right firms—they don't know any

thing about this technology," he says. "I recently got called into a

major firm, and really it was an amazing event, I was talking to six attorneys, a minimum of 12 years

each in copyright and trademark experience, who were taking notes and saying, 'Sampling...is that with an a?' They were very much in the dark."

Sound sampling devices also pose real problems for certain musi cians, especially those who make money as session performers, says Riesman.

"There's no doubt that sam plers have put people out of work. When you talk about the session musician, the violin players and so on, who don't get the sweetening dates they used to because of syn thesizers being used—well, that trend is going to continue," he says. But, says Bienstock, "Interest

ingly enough, it hasn't had a real impact upon a lot of recording stu dios because you still need a place to be able to play live drums and do vocals in a real sound area condu cive to quality."

Although Bienstock is quick to point out the advantages that com puters and MIDI-connected elec tronic equipment can have for composers and musicians, he feels that computers haven't yet had a major impact on the average work

ing musician. That's especially so for guitar and bass players, who are just beginning to witness the first real breakthroughs in MIDI-guitar technology. In the long run, both Bienstock and Riesman agree that musicians will find more opportunities than problems when it comes to inte grating computers and digital elec

key to using computers with musical instruments has un doubtedly been the development of

can be reused repeatedly, or even changed in ways that make it unrec ognizable.

tronic equipment. But that doesn't

MIDI, Riesman addc. "It's a dream

"There's the problem. When

come true. Before there was MIDI, I was looking around for someone to do some custom work for me in in terfacing keyboards. I had gotten

have you taken too much, and how

ized world. Says Riesman, "There's still plenty of room for musicians who

COMPUTE!1* Gazette

May 1986

far can you go? It's going to get to

the point where everybody will have a sampling unit of some sort

mean that all musicians have to get wired into the electronic, computer

just want to play their instruments and ignore the whole thing."

•

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Each week, from a computer-controlled 24-track music studio on his ten-acre estate in Neio York, Hammer com poses, performs, and mixes the musi cal score for another episode of the innovative action series, Miami Vice. He creates for the program an eclectic mix of synthesizer-based pop-rock; powerful, haunting melodies; and background themes ranging from reg gae to rockabilly. Hammer dratvs from—and contributes to—what has

become the unique Miami Vice look

JAN

IHaVMMIEIP BHHpMHMI

and feel. Despite crushing weekly dead lines, Hammer has drawn both criti cal and popular acclaim for the consistently high quality of his com positions and performances. Along the way, he's also picked up Emmy nominations, a No. 1 hit single, and a No. 1 album, all for Miami Vice—the first time a television sound track al bum has climbed to the top of the charts since Henry Mancini's 1959 re

cord, The Music from Peter Gunn. To accomplish all this, Hammer benefits from the startling power and versatility of the latest computercontrolled electronic instruments. Only in the last couple of years has

technology offered a musician work ing alone the necessary tools to create extraordinary and complex music. With today's technology, a single mu sician has the freedom to be a one-

man symphony. Hammer ivorks his

Selby Boteman, Features Editor

Almost singlehandedly, composer and musician Jan Hammer has altered the sound of network television

weekly magic with an array of synthe sizers, drum machines, keyboards, guitars, and sound sampling units— plus a personal computer with hard drive—all connected through MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Inter

face) devices. (See "Computers and MIDI "elsewhere in this issue.) It's somewhat ironic that a quintessential}}/ American cops-androbbers program is being musically scored by a classically trained com poser born and raised in Czechoslova kia. But Hammer, 38, is no stranger to American music. Arriving in the United States from Prague in 1968— just before the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia—Hammer quickly

established himself as a composer and performer of great versatility. He has performed with many jazz and rock superstars: Sarah Vaughan, Mick jagger, Jeff Beck, John Mclaughlin, Car los Santana, Billy Cobham, Stanley Clarke, and Al DiMeola, among oth ers. He was a founding member of the

jazz-rock group. The Mahavishnu

on Mick fagger's first solo album,

ever take over. I think they'll ex

musicians using the same ment. I'm sure you've already seen

She's The Boss.

pand the field of music tremen

a number of television shows that

.4s a one-man orchestra, Hammer provides about 20 minutes of music for each of the 60-minute episodes of Miami Vice. The heart of his home studio is the Fairlight CM1 (Computer Musical Instrument) synthesizer, but

dously. I don't think it's replacing

try to mimic your style.

musicians, I don't think it's replac ing sounds. Some sounds may re mind you of certain traditional instruments, but then again,

he also uses a wide range of other in

of the sounds that were not possible before the inven

Orchestra, and more recently played

struments: a Memorymoog Plus syn

thesizer, a Probe/Oberheim portable keyboard, a Steinway acoustic piano, a Yamaha DX7 synthesizer, an Amer ican Modular Instruments (MDS-1) guitar system, a Roland jupiter-B key board, a 1978 Fender Stralocaster electric guitar, an IBM PC XT com puter, and an array of modular sup

port instruments. Hammer is doing work that in the past might have re quired a roomful of musicians.

Hammer: I don't think that they'll

there is a whole other world

tion of these instruments. '<

And I think that is the biggest promise. It's real ly coming up with some thing that we've never, heard. Gazette: Your experience

and background allow you to approach things

differently from other

Gazette: You've seen first

hand the growing power and sophistication of electronic music. Do you think digital in struments and com puters will one day replace human performance?

i COMPUTE'-'s Gazofls

May 1988

Hammer: I think what really makes a difference in my case is what kind

of music I write, regardless of the instrumentation or the mode in which I put the music together. It comes down to "You hear a melody that moves you. Do you hear a mu sical idea that makes you fee! some

board at any pitch. Gazette: And you use that exten sively...

thing, you just put a MIDI interface card into an IBM, then you can con nect as many synthesizers—up to 16—and run them on separate

Hammer: Yes, very much. And also, there are quite a few programs

MIDI channels. And basically play

as part of the software package for

ing sections of pieces of music that

ing performance in realtime, play

the Fairlight, where you can se

you can then combine in the same

thing?" And that will always be the

quence, string together composi

manner that a word processor

bottom line. There is no substitute.

tions, pieces of music. And in

would help you with words. Gazette: Several years ago, that

would have been impossible with a microcomputer. Hammer: Right. It makes it avail

able to the masses, really. Gazette: Do you use the Fairlight in conjunction with your IBM?

It comes down to You hear a melody that . moves you, Do you hear a musical idea that makes you feel something^' And that will always be the bottom line. There is no substitute.'

Hammer: Yes. They're both run

ning all the time. The Fairlight is more of an incredible sound ma chine, where I pretty much store all my drums—all my drums that you hear—-but different

tunings. And

they're all stored on the disks. I can

put them together in different com bination drum kits that I can recall. They're stored as instrument files where you have different types of drums combined into drum kits. Gazette: How is memory storage handled on the Fairlight?

Hammer: Eight-inch floppies, dou ble-density, double-sided. They have a new system coming out that's going to be hard-disk sup

■"?.'.',-'<"-'/■ ':■•■!,'■:

■HHHHHHHHHB

you're now doing every week for

different playing it other one another is

Miami Vice?

on the screen. You can edit musical

Gazette: From a technological standpoint, could you have accom plished several years ago what

Hammer: From any standpoint,

really, it would be impossible. It would take me twice as long.

Gazette; What's been the biggest change over the past year or two? Hammer: I would say the better software that became available; es

pecially in the case of the Fairlight CMI, which is an upper-end digital synthesizer. But that's not really doing it justice. It's an incredible

machine that not only creates sound from scratch, but also is a

modes: one is directly from the keyboard, an is typing in the values, doing it with a light pen

know,

going through subdirectories, and really organizing my world here. Gazette: How long have you been

things have grown.

Hammer: The IBM I just got recent

And also there is another won derful thing that's just happened

recently, especially now that MIDI has really taken off. People have

ly, a few months ago. I've been working with the Fairlight for about four years now.

wonderful program [Texture, a

Gazette: Have you been using the IBM directly in any of your Miami Vice compositional work?

modular sequencing program from

Hammer: Absolutely. That's

been writing programs for micro computers. For instance, I have a

Cherry Lane Technologies] that Roger Powell wrote. [Roger Powell is keyboardist for Todd Rundgren's band, Utopia, and director of prod

snippets of digital recordings that

It's available for many computers,

can then be replayed from a key-

but I have an IBM XT. And this

May 1986

level of organization. You

using a computer?

uct development at Cherry Lane.]

COMPUTE'S Gazelle

the IBM, and it's incredible [laughs], the advance that I've made to that

compositions like that. Those

great sampling machine—little

ported as well. I have a hard disk on

what's so wonderful with the pro gram—it's called Texture—it's a compositional program. You can

really do amazing things with that. I can sketch out things in advance, even before I see the final cut of the show, the final timing. And then I

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can perform the piece of music and do last minute changes before I ac tually commit the music to tape, because it's all pliable. It's like building blocks.

Gazette: What was your first expo sure to digital music? Hammer: 1 just heard amazing sounds on a few people's records; I can't even remember who it was.

Different people started using the Fairlights initially, and then other things like the Synclavier [another high-end synthesizer], started showing up. And it started sound ing different. And the most intrigu

ing thing about it was that it did sound different. It sounded unlike anything I'd ever heard. Gazette: What was your first expo sure to a computer, and how did you end up choosing the IBM PC XT? Hammer: It was the one computer

that could do all the things that I needed. And the programs were available for it. For instance, on the IBM, when I'm not composing

using the Texture program, then when I'm doing the final mix-down on my console, the IBM is running the automation. And it's just writ

ing the levels and mutes and every

thing on my console, so the whole mix is actually written onto the hard disk on the IBM. That is one computer that can ■'-.--=--

'"You Guessed It!'? It's just like a TV game show. ■ .

Answer questions—win prizes. And I can play right here in the living room!"

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do all these things for me. It can

also keep track of all my sounds on the Yamaha, for instance. I have a whole library of sounds that gets stored in another subdirectory on the hard disk as well. So, there are already three incredibly different applications that just one computer

can do. And I don't know of anoth er computer that has that much software written for it.

Gazette: This idea of a library of personal sounds opens up a new

world for musicians. Will this raise

^4.

any problems when sound sam

™>»

pling allows anyone to duplicate those things you've created?

Hammer: That depends. If it's a snippet of a sound, there's nothing I

can do. But if it's a sixteen-second sample of a melody I wrote, then it's copyright infringement. That's

not giving away the store. I don't see that I will be robbed of anything.

Gazette: You score the soundtrack to Miami Vice from your home stu dio. Do you ever work in Miami

where the program is shot? Hammer: I did a quick cameo guest

shot last fall, and then we get to gether once in a while, like at the Emmy Awards.

Gazette: Does it help you to get to gether with the actors and produc tion people?

CompuCrazy "Ready for an adventurous challenge? We're a team. And Nellie

doesn't horse around."

Hammer: It's nice; we have some fun. They're quite an exciting bunch of people working on the show.

Gazette: How do you actually go about scoring an episode of Miami Vice?

Hammer: Most of the work really gets done after I see the show in its rough form. It's all pretty much a seat-of-the-pants kind of thing—

gut feeling. I just go with my in stincts. I don't have time to do any

thing else. I really have to go with my instincts, and it has to be the

first time. So, there aren't many changes. The only changes that there are are done as far as the tim ing and the lengths of individual sections and stuff like that. Gazette: Do you use the same

group of instruments each time? Hammer: Just the opposite. I try to give each show its own flavor, its own specific themes, in addition to the Miami Vice theme which was the hit single—that's on every

CompuServe

show, but that just opens the show and that's it. Then when the story really starts, there are different themes for each week, which is quite unusual in television scoring.

You never know who you'll be up against

So, it's sort of like a mini-movie,

when #ou go online

and it's really quite a pressure.

with CompiiS£rv&

Gazette: In a number of the epi sodes, you type music to certain in dividual characters or actors. Are you improvising that, or do you

work from a plot line?

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Hammer: I only work from the pic ture. There is no time to really read scripts, and get really involved like that. I'm like the first-time viewer; I just get caught up in the action, and if it's scary or exciting or depressing or whatever it is, I respond to it in

that way. However it hits me, it's

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my subjective response to it. Gazette: What's your hardware set up in your studio at home?

The way it's going now is that there's velocity sensing on each drum, where the dynamics are infi

Hammer: There are two alphanu

nitely variable. And if you have a drummer's mind connected to

meric keyboards—one is the IBM and one is the Fairlight. And then I

good computer like that—you can

have my favorite piano instrument keyboard that I actually play a lot,

ly erasing that old stigma.

the Yamaha DX-7, which is just about the most amazing thing. And

that is connected through MIDI to just about everything else. I have a Memorymoog [synthesizer] that's the most beautiful sounding old-

fashioned analog instrument. And then I have a Roland synthesizer. And I can directly play the Fairlight from the Yamaha keyboard—I just really like the feel of the Yamaha keyboard, it's my favorite. Gazette: And then you add your

own sounds to this, for instance with the Stra to caster guitar?

Hammer: When it's a real guitar, I actually play the part on a guitar. There are certain strumming tech niques that just cannot be approxi

mated.

this—if a drummer programs a

not distinguish the results. It's real Definitely the Fairlight is like that.

With the shading of dynamics and all that, you can really do some thing much more real and involved than it used to be.

Gazette: To your knowledge, has anyone previously approached the scoring of a television show as you are—one-on-one, with just days between when you receive the vid

years. And I've had all kinds of suc cess with that. But there are some things I will never be able to do—or at least that I cannot even foresee

Hammer: I don't think so. Because that really started out as a flash of inspiration from Michael Mann, the executive producer [of Miami Vice],

where from the first episode after the pilot, he told me to go ahead and do it the way I wanted it. And I don't think anyone has ever been

produce a sterility of sound. Will we always see live drums being used?

point is that the fine line is disap pearing because drummers are starting to program these things. And when you say drum machines,

you're probably talking about something old-fashioned, low-end. COMPUTEIS Gazeffa

working on the album. But this summer I'm definitely going to take it easy. There are also a lot of films for which I'm getting offers, and I have to turn them down because it's just impossible in time.

poser and a musician?

Hammer: I would like to have a limitless supply of inspiration [laughs]. The technology is going along just fine. I'm not worried about technology anymore. I'm sometimes worried about being able to keep up with the ideas that feed the technology. O

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Hammer: I'm sure you will. But the

weeks, and last summer I was

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Hammer: Well, the season is 22

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a score?

given this amount of freedom. And

something I've been pursuing for

Gazette: For more than a year now,

eotape and when you have to finish

Gazette: Will we reach a point when even a guitar can be replaced by a digital machine? Hammer: I think we can evoke the feeling of a guitar, and that's been

that makes all the difference, be cause I do better work when I'm not interfered with [laughs].

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• ■'■'.}■

Computers And MIDI Kathy Yakal, Assistant Features Editor Over

the past couple of

years, a lot of music software has been pub

lished for the Commo dore 64â&#x20AC;&#x201D;programs that let you compose, edit, and, in some cases, print out musical pieces. Some pro grams also serve as tutorials, help ing you learn about music as you go

along. A few companies have even produced keyboards that can be at tached to the 64 to play music. The

64's SID (Sound Interface Device) chip lends itself well to creative ap plications. But beyond serving as a musical instrument itself, your Commodore 64 has the ability to control other digital musical instru ments. It's now possible to com pose a melody and hear it played by up to 16 synthesizers or drum ma chines. The music would be played flawlessly because your 64, acting as symphony conductor, is telling each instrument which notes to

play and how to play them.

Professional musicians have used electronic synthesizers, se

What started out four years ago as a way for

electronic musical equipment to be compatible now has important ramifications for personal computer owners. If you're interested in exploring some new musical possibilities with your Commodore 64, you may want to see what MIDI can do for you.

If you

wanted three synthesizers to play together, you would have needed a musician at each of the keyboards.

computer because it knows they're

destined for the printer,) Each in strument has its own number and

can tell if a command should be act ed upon or ignored. Sequencers can define various MIDI channels through which musical information

can be sent to particular synthesiz ers while ignored by others not lis

To do this, two things were necessary: a hardware interface that would connect two or more

kinds of ports. MIDI OUT ports transmit data from the computer or

units, and software that could do

IN ports receive. And MIDI THRU

the translating. Both would adhere

ports pass information along to the next device in the chain. On the Commodore 64, MIDI interfaces (containing MIDI OUT and IN

physical interface in the traditional sense, or even a software program. Rather it is a set of minimum tech nical specifications necessary for compatibility. This allows hard ware and software manufacturers a lot of freedom, yet offers musicians powerful tools that work together

the past, very limited.

ignores the signals coming from the

Musical data is transmitted

plers for years to compose and

the drive cable into your 64. When you make a printout, the disk drive

among MIDI devices through three

to the MIDI standard. MIDI is not a

their ability to work together was,

printer cable into the disk drive and

tening to that channel.

quencers, and digital sound sam perform music. Though each of these devices individually has made the creative process easier,

instrument compositions as a solo musician. MIDI controllers use a se rial bus with up to 16 different channels. The instruments are daisy-chained, with only one actu ally connected directly to the main computer. (It's similar to plugging a

as they never have been able to.

instrument that's in charge. MIDI

ports) are plugged into the cartridge port, and then cables are run to

whatever other MIDI device you're using, such as a synthesizer or drum machine. Most of the time, the MIDI cable carries requests to play individual notes, but there are

music hardware manufacturers agreed to adopt a set of technical specifications that would become an industry standard. This stan

There's another player here: the personal computer. Computers, with their enormous processing ca pabilities, are ideal controllers for electronic musical instruments.

dard, MIDI (Musical Instrument

Many manufacturers have devel

Digital Interface) makes it possible

oped interfaces that can connect a

for any musical device that uses

personal computer to a keyboard or drum machine or other digital in

from a piano-like sound to a tuba data as individual note attack, after-

Musicians could, for the first time,

strument, and software that drives the coupling. Using such a configu

have many of their electronic music

ration, you can very efficiently

leased), sustain, pitch bend, and

components "talk" to each other.

compose, edit, and play multi-

vibrato can be sent via MIDI.

1982, a number of major

MIDI circuitry to work with any other device equipped with MIDI.

COMPUTEIS Gazette

May 19B6

other musical events which can be

controlled as well. Almost every synthesizer, for example, can be programmed for different sound

envelopes. MIDI programs can usually ask an instrument to switch envelopes in the middle of a song, timbre, for example. Also, such touch (how quickly a key is re

Most

MIDI interfaces come

planation of MIDI by the MIDI

with some software, at least

Manufacturers Association, the

some kind of demo program. If you

synthesizer or other MIDI device

IMA sells them for $35 ($30 for members). Initial IMA membership fee is $40, and annual dues are $25. A complete explanation of each interface and program's features is not possible; we'll use the software categories set up by the IMA for pur

but will also work with a few others.

poses of general identification.

plan to buy software from a differ ent manufacturer, make sure that it's compatible with all of your MIDI devices and interfaces. Most programs are written for a specific

A MIDI sequencer is a com

The International MIDI Asso

ciation (IMA) is a good place to go for MIDi technical information. The IMA is a non-profit organization made up of manufacturers, musi cians, educators, and other people interested in electronic music. If you want a copy of MIDI 1.0 speci fications and a 50-page detailed ex

puter program (or separate periph eral) that records and plays back

nipulations. In addition, "record ing" can be via direct entry into the computer, step-time playing, or real time playing. A librarian facilitates the stor

age of programmed sounds or any internal data for specific MIDI devices. A programmer allows the user

to modify the programmed voice parameters or any other internal

data for specific MIDI devices via the computer.

music performed on MIDI devices.

Sequencers can be extremely so phisticated: They can correct rhyth mic errors, transpose, invert, time

reverse, append, merge, and permit a variety of realtime musical ma

A printer prints out recorded music in standard music notation. (for more information on MIDI, contact the International MIDI Association, 11857 Hartsook Street, North Hollywood, CA 91607.)

Sequential Circuits

Passport Designs

Following is ti list of MIDI hardware and soft ware available for the Commodore 64. For further information, please contact the manu-

facturcr or publisher.

3051 N. First St.

MIDI/4 Plus

San fosc, CA 95134

Sequencer/Editor S99

MIDI Interface trtin $99

MIDI/8 Pius Sequencer/Editor $150

Syntech

23953 Craftsman Rd. Calabasas, CA 91320

Master Tracks Sequencer/Editor

Cherry Lane Technologies J10 Midland Aw. P.O. Box 430 Port Chester. NY 10573 CZ Rider Programmer/Librarian

Mimcties P.O. Box 60238 Station A

Palo Alto, CA 94306

Studio 1 Sequencer/Editor

$249.95 MIDi Player Utilities $99.95

$225.95 Studio 2

Sequencer/Editor $225.95

Data 7 Programmer/Librarian $125

Sequencer/Editor/Printer

Performance 7 Librarian S125

MIDI Interface $199.95 (with tape synch) $129.95 (without tape synch)

$99.95

Data ODX P rogra miner/Librarian $95

Echo Plus

Moog Electronics

DX-7 Librarian CZ Librarian Juno 106 Librarian JX-8P Librarian OB-fl Librarian

$149.95

Sequencer/Editor $150

$90

Buffalo, NY 1422S

SU9 Dr. T's Music Software 66 Louise Rd.

Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 MIDI Sequencer

Controller

CZ Patch Librarian Programmer/Librarian

2500 Walden Ave. Song Producer

The Music Shop

DX Patch Librarian

$295

1342B Route 23

Programmer/Librarian

MusicData 8414 Wilshire Blvd.

Hybrid Arts U920 Olympic lilvd.

Beverly Hills, CA 902U

Los Angeles, CA 90064

SI00

MidiTrack C

Sequencer only, $149 Sequencer with MIDI interface

MIDI Sequencer I & II Sequencer/Editor MS I (real-time editor) $95 MS i! (programmable) $175

S349

MIDI Interface

DX/TX Master Editor/Librarian MIDI Studio

Sequencer/Editor $79,95 MIDI Interface $129.95 (with drum syncl $.199.95 (with tape and . drum sync)

Computers and Music

QRS Music Rolls, Inc. Micro~W Distributing

$100

Utility

Librarians developed by

Sequencer/Editor and MIDI interface

$95

Song Player

$149

Unicord/Korg 89 Frost St.

Butler, Nf 07405

Westbury, NY 11590

MIDI Magic Interface

$49,95 MIDI Magic I/O Interface (includes drum suite connection) RolandCorp

$99.50

7200 Dominion Circle Los Angeles, CA 90040

MS11C

Sound Filer

MUSE (MIDI Users Sequencer/

S75

Sequencer /Editor S150

CZ-Patch

Utilities

Librarian

$79

MIDI Merger $50 (MS I only)

KSQ-800C Sequencer/Editor

DX-Patch Librarian S79

Librarian

MH01C MIDI Interface $129.95

Editor)

Sequencer S149.95

KVE-800C

Editor

S99.50 KVE-DVV8C Editor

COMPUTEI'S Gazette

May 1986

seball Kevin Mykytyn and Mark Turtle

Here's a computerized version of the once-popular mechanical baseball game found in the preelectronic arcades. The only difference is you don't need any dimes or quarters to play. An exciting one- or two-player game for the Commodore 64. Spring training is over and baseball

practice mode, 20 pitches—a ran

season is under way. Here's a

dom mix of fastballs, changeups,

chance to do some swinging and pitching against a friend—or your

curves, and sliders—are thrown so you can practice hitting. (To change the number of pitches thrown,

will land in one of these holes, and each is marked with a result (single, double, triple, or out). To hit a home run, the ball must pass over the center of the rectangular ramp

near the center of the field. (The crowd loves a home run and cheers when either team hits one.) At the bottom of the field is a specially de signed bat. The upper right corner of the screen is the Scoreboard, which contains the inning, number of strikes, outs, and the current score.

is modeled after the mechanical baseball arcade game that was pop ular before computerized games dominated the scene. But this com

change the value of RM in line 740.)

the pitches are thrown, you're asked

Players are represented as Visitor and Home. In the square below the Scoreboard is a display of the base ball diamond, designed to show which bases are occupied by the

puter game offers a few options that

again to select Practice or Play.

team at bat.

Commodore 64. "Arcade Baseball"

the mechanical versions did not:

You can choose to practice or play, and you can select an opponent; an other person or your computer.

A Few Choices

No runners are displayed, and outs and runs do not accumulate. After all

In Play mode, you're asked to

select a one- or two-player game. Press the 1 or 2 key. If you wish to play the computer, select the one-

Play Ball! You must first choose a one- or

player game. Now you're ready to

two-player game. The one-player version—like the original arcade

begin.

game—lasts for three outs. Your

After typing in the program, be sure

The screen is divided into three

to save a copy. To play the game,

sections. On the left is the playing

objective as batter is to score as many runs as possible before reach

type RUN. First you're prompted to

field. Along the top of the field is a

ing three outs. The computer, as

row of black holes. A batted ball

pitcher, randomly selects the type

choose Practice (fl) or Play (f7). In 38

COMPUTEI's Gazette

May 19B6

This illustrated adventure

is destined to rival all the

classics. Stunning graphics are the icing on the cake -

but underneath lies the most advanced text operating system yet developed.

THE PAWN The story is absorbing, humorous, lively, full of intrigue

and puzzle, yet subtle enough to appeal to the beginner and the hardened adventurer alike.

The Pawn' understands plain English, it knows the

size, volume and weight of the game objects, theirtexture,

and their magical properties {in fact the program stores 135 pieces of information for each object).

The game is truly

interactive, each character in the plot has a personality (even the animals!) and will respond intelligently to conversation... The Pawn' and further adventures will be available

for all leading personal computers.

Guaranteed to make a major impact on the market. FIREBIRD

HOTLINE

201

934

7373

Requires a Commodore 64 or 128 computer with one or two 1541 or 1571 drives.

BACKUP PROTECTED SOFTWARE FAST. The baiter—on the visiting teamawaits a pilch. Down by four runs, he'll try to score the runner on second base.

of pitch: fast ball, changeup (a slow moving pitch), curve (which breaks away, to the right of the plate), or

slider (which breaks in, to the left of the plate). Swing at a pitch by pressing the space bar. This moves the bat left to right. Once the bat is released, you no longer have con trol of it, so you must time the re lease of the bat to meet the pitched ball. If the ball passes untouched, it counts as a strike.

Because different pitches cause the ball to travel at different speeds and in some cases change direc tions, timing the release of the bat is crucial to good hitting. The bat is designed as a half circle to allow you control of the angle of the bat ted ball. There's no such thing as a

foul ball in Arcade Baseball; you can bounce the ball off the sides of the field. When you get a hit, you'll see any movements on the base paths at the lower right of the screen. If

From the team who brought you

COPY II PLUS (Apple), Copy II PC

(IBM) and COPY II MAC (Macin tosh) comes a revolutionary new copy program for the Commodore 64 and 128 computers.

• Copies many protected

programs—automatically. (We update Copy II 64/128 regularly to handle new protections; you as a registered owner may update at any timB for $15 plus $3 s/h.)

• Copies even protected disks in under 2 minutes (single drive).

• Copies even protected disks in

under 1 minute (dual drive). ■ Maximum of four disk swaps on a single drive. • Includes fast loader, 12-second format.

Call 503/244-5782, M-F, 8-5:30 (West Coast time) with your *Q i in hand. Or send a check

(or $39.95 U.S. plus $3 s/h, $8 overseas.

S39.95 Central Point Software, inc. 9700 S.W. Capitol Hwy. #100 Portland, OR 97219

CentmLPbhii Software This product is provided ior the purpose

of enabling you to make archival copies only.

Backup utilities also available lor the IBM, Apple II and Macintosh.

Super Graphix —'

Asked For It . . . Here It Is!!!

the hit is a single, the batter ad

vances to first base, and any other base runners move up one base. A double moves all runners up two bases, a triple three bases. A run scored is indicated by a chiming tone and an update on the scoreboard.

The two-player version offers more variety:

1. The game lasts for three in nings. If the score is tied after three innings, play continues until one player wins. (The home team al ways gets to bat last, regardless of the score.) The visiting team is blue,

the home team red. 2. You pitch as well as hit.

Press one of the function keys to deliver a pitch: fl—fastball; f3— changeup; f5—slider; and f7— curveball.

See program listing on page 96. 40

COMPUTE! s Gazette

May 1986

GRAPHICS and FONTS plus an8K BUFFER (or ttie ultimate in performance and speed. The XETEC Supei Graphix interface lor Commodore Computers now offers a new high in lechnology with these features: ■ 8K Buffer Standard

• Capable of Storing 2 Additional Fonts

• 10 Printing Modes

• Correct Graphics/Text Aspect Raho for

• 3 Internal Screen Dumps

all Major Printers

• Extensive Command Channel

* 8 Active Switches with Changes

• Reset Button to Halt Printing

Constantly Monitored

from Buffer

* ln'ernal Fonts Support Super-script,

Subscript. Underlining, Bold-face and

' Switch Sellings on Label for

Choice of 9 Pitches

Quick Heierence ■ Correspondence Quality Font Built-in

Suggested list $99.95

•

includes Lifetime Warranty

=.^ee:e= , Inc. / 3010 Arnold Rd. / Salirta, KS 67401 / 913-827-06B5

GEOS... The fastest, easiest, most powerful way to use your C64!

Graphic Environment Operating System GEOS brings the power of a graphic

quality graphic images using the 14

interface to your C64. Icons, pull

different graphic tools and shapes. Paint or fill in 32 different patterns.

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re Hunter Marc Sugiyama Game Concept by Gregg Keizer and Randy Fosner

This excellent adventure game combines text and graphics to create a world in which you hunt down a dangerous vampire terrorizing a small village. Your goal is to corner and destroy the monster. For the 64. You stand at the outskirts of a small village, high in the mountains of eastern Europe. The townspeople have fled, for a vampire has taken

up residence in the old castle near by. Before they took flight, they managed to get a message to you. You're well-known in certain cir

cles for your knowledge and exper tise concerning esoteric lore. Only 42

COMPUTED Gazelle

May 19S6

you can find and destroy the vam pire. If you succeed, the villagers will be grateful. You find the mere existence of such evil repugnant; you will dispatch the vampire, you

tell yourself. The world of this adventure game may seem familiar (who hasn't seen one of the countless vampire movies?), but you'll de

light in exploring it all the same.

And even though you may think you know how to destroy a vam

pire, seeing the task through is not easy. Brute strength will do little good.

Patience, careful investiga

tion, and the right tools are needed. "Vampyre Hunter" isn't a runof-the-mill text adventure game. Not only do you talk to the com puter through the keyboard, read ing and typing in messages, but you'll also explore a mazelike cas tle, searching for the vampire's hiding place. Although you still

provide directions and actions for your character while in the castle, you'll see it graphically displayed

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on the screen, complete with rats, trap doors, dead-end passages, and thieving bats. Vampyre Hunter combines the best of both text ad ventures and graphics adventures to give you a unique world in which to participate.

Typing Instructions

ber 8 at the end of line 10 to a 1 {LOAD "VAMPYRE.ML",1,1).

Issuing Commands The screen first cycles through dif ferent colors. This is part of the ma chine language initialization routine and lasts about 90 seconds. When the screen stops changing

Vampyre Hunter is a very long game. It will take some time to type it in. Be assured, however, that the final product will be well worth

colors, the BASIC initialization be

your time. The game is long simply

castle where the vampire resides,

because it's a text adventure game. If you look at Program 1, the BASIC section of the game, you'll see that much of it is DATA statements.

Vampyre Hunter is an all-text ad venture. You start out south of the village. Communicating with the

gins. The entire process may take

up to two minutes, so be patient. As long as you're outside the

For instance, the command feed the fish is invalid because you haven't said what to feed the fish. Likewise,

the command throw book is invalid because you haven't said what to throw the book at. In addition, a

command like throw the book and the glass at the vampire and the dog is

invalid because there are multiple objects. Only one command is specific:

Drive the stake into the vampire. This command must have this word or der or it will not be understood.

In the Vampire's Lair Eventually, you'll find your way in side the castle. At this point, the game changes and becomes more

There's just no way around this; in

program is easy; as in most other text adventures, you simply type on

order for the program to talk to the player, the vocabulary and dia

the keyboard. You may use multi word commands to talk to the com

like a graphic adventure game. The

puter. Compound objects and

your position within the castle's in

logue have to be included. Program 1 is the BASIC por

upper portion of the screen shows

sentences such as "Take the lamp

terlocking rooms. Below the map is

tion of the game. Before you begin,

and the food and go east" are per

review the page called "How to

mitted. The text parser is written

Type In COMPUTED Gazette Pro

a text window where you'll issue commands and receive messages.

entirely in BASIC, so if you issue

grams," for details on how to type underlined letters and characters in

(^brackets;} and (braces}. It's also a good idea to use "The Automatic Proofreader," published regularly in the GAZETTE. Pay close attention to the DATA statements and make sure that the spacing and spelling are exactly as listed. Note that sev eral DATA lines have one or more commas in a row.

Program 2 is the machine lan guage routine that creates the castle rooms, moves the creatures inside

the castle, handles the text input, and controls the formatting of the text. You'll need a copy of "MLX,"

the machine language entry pro

long commands, be patient while the computer figures out what you said. Remember, though, that the computer has a limited vocabu

laryâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;if a phrase does not work, try something else. Only the first four letters of each word are significant

(knif is considered to be the same word as knife, for example). You needn't include articles, such as a

tine, will not accept capital letters or

and run MLX and provide the fol lowing two addresses:

tures, you'll be pleased to know

loads the proper program. Once you've got both pro grams saved on tape or disk, you're ready to play the game. Load Pro

out, you'll be in complete darkness, and the screen display will disap pear. Finding your way out is al

most impossible in the dark. Don't

Your character is represented by a

The input routine, which is part of the machine language rou

and more than one space in a row.

change line 10 of Program 1, so it

have the lantern, or if its fuel runs

parser.

ZETTE, to enter this program. Load

any other name, you'll have to

ly through the castle. If you don't

be encountered inside the castle.

gram published regularly in the GA

Save Program 2 under the name "VAMPYRE.ML". If you use

You'll need the lamp to travel safe

and the, as they are ignored. In ad dition, try to avoid the use of adjec tives; they may confuse the word

commas, so you should avoid their use. It also rejects leading spaces

Starting Address: C0O0 Ending Address: CA97

The castle has four levels. You

enter on the top floor and work your way down. The vampire's cof fin is on one of the lower levels.

If you've played text adven that all of the normal abbreviations are available to you. For example, you can use the first letter of a di rection, such as u for north. There are two other abbreviations; I stands for look and i for inventory. You can also use the examine com mand to look more closely at ob jects in the castle or the village, but be aware that these work only in

leave things in the castle; they'll be scooped up by bats. Six items may

figure in the center of the screen. The other figures are bats, rats, stairways, the coffin, and the vam pire. There are hidden trapdoors

throughout the upper levels of the castle. You won't always fall through them, but there's no way of knowing if one is ahead. The vampire tends to wander throughout the castle during the night; it's safer if you avoid the cas tle during that time. If you do stay inside the castle during the night, hope that you have enough wards and weapons to keep the vampire from coming after you. To make it easier to maneuver your character, you can specify

gram 1 as you would any other BASIC program. Type RUN, and

certain locations.

Although figuring out how to

more than one move at a time. If you want the figure to move five

the game begins. The first line in Program 1 loads the machine lan guage portion of Vampyre Hunter.

communicate with the computer is

spaces north, for instance, type n 5

part of the fun of playing an adven ture game, there are some com

(make sure there's a space between

Tape users should change the num-

mands that need some explanation.

of nine spaces using this syntax.

COMPUTE! s Gazette

May 1986

the two). You can move a maximum

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The Importance Of Mapping As you meander through the vil lage, you may want to keep track of your movements by sketching out a map. Don't be in too big a hurry to enter the castle, there are several items you'll need to obtain before you can confront the vampire. If you fail in your first attempt, at least you'll have a map and some idea of where you need to move in the next game. One of the challenges of an ad venture game is figuring out which items are important and where they are. Thus, no more clues about how to win can be provided. You'll have

to do it yourself.

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CUP AND SAVE

Learn to

PLAYTHEGUIIAR the EASY way with

Additional Options There are certain system com mands that you can use to change the game's format. The color com mand allows you to change the color of the screen, border, and

characters. The verbose and brief commands control the length of the descriptions you receive when you move from one place to another. The time command tells you the time and the day. If you want to

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1010-1280 1290-1410 1420-1425

Take command Quit command

1550-1585

Drop command Inventory command

1595-1635

Return following noun

1435-1540

numbers

1715-1725 1735-1745

Is noun here or held? Next word all? Next word but?

1755-1790

Return how long

1800-1965

1975-2110

Look command Examine command

2120-2240

Make command

2250-2275

Chop command Kill command

1645-1705

2285-2405 2415-2490

Read command

2500-2640

Eat command

2650-2655 2665-2705 2715-2740

Drink (falls into Eat) Sleep command

2750

Help

2760-2765

Input routine

2775

Return character in maze

Wait command

2785-4055

DATA

2785

Constants/single

2S15 2820

variables Direction offsets Can't go that way messages

2850

Verbs

2870

Nouns

2965

Multi-location noun data

If you should reset the com puter during game play (by hitting RUN/STOP-RESTORE), you'll find that the so-een is not behaving as it

2980

Foods

2985

Eating messages

2995

Places Signs

Program Pieces

VlSH&MCtaepied

980

drawn (for whatever reason), use the clear command.

you wish to exit the game, type (jiiil.

a send check a mooey ader to:

970

clear the screen and have it re

should return the normal screen. If

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Let wolves attack Handle the lamp Let vampire altack Let animals attack Go command

940

Directions

blindly) and press RETURN. This

C-64 disk

Move vampires

925

Times

the characters; you'll have to type

Easy Guitar Is the equivalent of dozens of guitar lessons.

Move wolves

905

2845

type POKE 648,4 (you won't see

way to lame and fortune!

Handle the sun

BBO

2840

should. Press SHIFT-CLR/HOME,

Order today and be on your

850

Here's a breakdown of the BASIC

3200 3205

Book

3250

Noun descriptions

3475

Place descriptions

4005

Miscellaneous numeric

4020

data Color commands

4045

Common error messages

4055

Places where sleep possible

The machine language section, Pro gram 2, has this organization:

portion of Vampyre Hunter, Pro-

Memory Usage

Description

gram 1.

A000-DFFF

C000-CAB5

Castle storage Machine language subroutines:

Line Numbers

Description

10-205

Initialization

COOO

Vectors

215-365

Sentence parser

C012

Initialization

375 385-420

Clear command

C0CF

Create castle

Drive stake Lamp control

C20D C241

Create creatures Move creatures

Winning Losing

Move the vampire CHROUT wedge

430-495 505-510

Nonsense commands

C37F C435 C50B

555-565

Color command

C5B5

Copy maze to screen

575-595 605-755

Time command

C5DA

Miscellaneous

765-770

Brief/Verbose

C976

Data

commands

CC00-CFFF

Text screen

Refuel lamp command

F800-FFBF

Character data

Overhead

FFC0-FFFF

Sprite data

520-525 535-545

780-790 B00-1000

Input routine

Give command

subroutines

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29.95 42.95 19.9S

_51BB MURDER ON ilNDERNELJF (0] ...19.95

□ 5190 MUSIC CONSTRUCTION SET (Dl.. 19.95

□ 5192PINBAH CONSTRUCTION SET ID] 19.95 Z 5194 RACING CONSTRUCTION SET (D) 29.95

23.95 23.95 33.95

American Educational Computer

23.95

□ 2492 VOCABULARY WORD BUtLD(D) ..29.95

U.95

□ 3494 WORLD GEOGRAPHY FACTS (D). 29.95

14.95

33.95

Z 3483 ELEM. SCIENCE FACTS (D]

23.95 24.95

LJ 3493 GRAMMAR WORD SKILLS 10).... 29.95

1. 3O1B COMPUTER QUARTERBACK (D)..39.95

39.95

23.95

Suncom □ 3876 PARTY QUIZ (D)

3880 GENERAL EDITION (D] LJ 3B82 GENERAL EDITION III

$49.95 $14.95

D 3884 SPORTS EDITION (Dl

39.9S 39.95

14.9J 14.95

39.95

1 4.95

39.95

D 3886 EDUCATION EDITION (D)

D 3888 BIBLE EDITION (D|

39.95

14.95

18.95

23.95

23.95 32.95

28.95 33.95

23.95 34.95 16.95 16.95

16.95

16.95 22.95

Epyx LI 0337 WORLD S GREAT FOOTBALL (D) S39.95 S23.95

39.95

I ' 0340 KORONIS RIFT (DJ

39.95

□ 0339 THE EIDOLON (D)

Codewriter C 0706 REPORTWRITER (D) D G n Q

0707 0708 0709 07B4

$39.95 129.95

ADVENTUREWRITER |D] ELF (D) DIALOG (D) MENUWRITER (Dl

39.95

29.95

49.95

39,95

49.95 39.95 49,95 39.95

G 2550 SPEEDWRITER (D)

LJ 2551 HOME INTEGRATOR (D)

29.95

39.95 29.95 39.95 29.95 19.95

20.95 18.95

20.95 20.95 22.95

H 2066 ROBOTS OF DAWN [D)

15.95

□ 2046 IMPOSSIBLE MISSION (0)

34.95

P 2070 BARBIE (0)

39.95

16.95

39.95

n 2074 G,l. JOE (D) U 2085 BREAKDANCE (D)

39,95 39.95

D 2305 SCRABBLE (D)

18.95 18.95 16,95

39.95

24.95

L 3005 HALLBLAZEH (Dl 39,95 -J3OO6 RESCUE ON FRACTALU51 (D)....29,9S

24,95 30,95

n 3004 chipwits (6]

34.95

15.95

...29.95

U.S. GOVERNMENT FACTS (D)... AEC SPELLING (D) PHONICS [D) LEARN TO READ (D) READING COMPRENSION (D) ...

odd

bV.%

tan.

Add

SS.OO

tor

□ 0824 GRAMMAR EXAMINER (D)

NOT

EXPORT

45.95

23.95

2B.95

"■ 0176 INVENTORY MANAGE (D) INVOICING

U01BJ □ 0188 D 0207 □ 0231 D 0235 a 0928 D 3743

$69.95 $38.95

(D)

PAYROLL MANAGEMENT (D).... GENERAL LEDGER (D) ELECTRONIC CHECKBOOK (D5 T) MONEY MANAGER (DSTj DATA MANAGER (OST| EVELYN WOOD SPEED READ (D] , SYLVIA PORTER (D)

69,00

38.95

69.00

38.95

69.00 69.00 29.95 29.95 29.95 69.96 59.95

38.95 38.95 19.95 19.95 19,95 33.95 38,95

C128 Software From Time works D 5022 WORD WRITER/ SPELL CHECKER (D] $69.96 $59.95 n 5024 DATA MANAGER II (D] 69.96 49.95 D 5036SWIFTCALCWITHSlOEWAYS[D|.69.96 49.95

PUERTO

□ 5107 ALGEBRA 3 foj

COUNTRIES,

EXCEPT

mall I Prlcei J ovollabllity tubjaei to change vwllhoui notice.

VISA — MASTER CARD — C.O.O.

No. C.O.D. to Conodo. APO-FPO

19.95

Lj 5120 INDIANA JONES IN THE LOST KINGDOM (DJ

27.95 16.95 28.95 49.95 28.95 24.95 2B.95

25.95 25.9 S 39.95 4S.95 18.95 2S.95

39.95

29.95

Z, 5122 BANK STREET STORYBOOK [D] . 39.95 LJ 5910 THE DOLPHINS RUNE (Dl 29.95

□ 5912 THE LUSCHER PROFILE (DJ L 5914 QUAKE MINUS ONE (O)

LJ 5916 THE LORDS OF MIDNIGHT (D| .. .

LJ 5918 SHADOWFIRE (D]

24.95 19.95 25.95

44.95 39.95 39.95 69.96 39.95 .39.95 39.95

~ 5110 BANK STREET MUSIC WRITER (0) 39.95 .. 5112 CROSSWORD MAGIC (D) 49,95 Z 5114 THE PERFECT SCORE [D] 69.96 r!5116COLORME'RAINBOWBRITE(0|. 34.95

39.95 29.95 29.95 39.95

28.95

18.95 25.95 18.95 25.95 IB,95 18.95 I B.95

Weekly Reader G 2511 STICKYBEAR BOP (D)

□ 2512 STICKYBEAR NUMBERS (D)

J34.95 $19.95

34.95

19.95

□ 2514 STICKYBEAR OPPOSITES (0)

34.95

19.95

0 2516 STICKYBEAR SHAPES (D|

34.95

C 2513 STICKYBEAR BASKETBOUNCE (0) 34.95

Q 2515 STICKYBEAR ABC (D) □ 26O0 PIC BUILDER (Dl

34.95 29.95

3 5126 STICKYBEAR SPELLGRABBER (D) .29.95

LJ 5128 STICKYBEAR TOWN BUILDER (DJ . 29,95 D 5130 STICKYBEAR MATH (D|

RICO,

CANADA. Enclose Cashiers Check. Money Order or Personal Chock. Allow i !■<■?, !■■ duli vary, 2to7 days for phone orders. 1 day expreii

14.95

14.95 34.95 24.9S 24.95 24.95

27.95

LJ 2517 EUROPEAN NATIONS S LOCATIONS (D] □ 2062 MATH MAZE (D) LJ 5100 ALGEBRA I (D] □ 5103 REMEMBER (D) a 5104WEBSTERSNUM8ERS (D) D5I05SPELLINGBREAOPRIMER1O] .. Li 5106 ALGEBRA 2 ID)

39.95

29.95

14.95

D 3518 THE BODY TRANSPARENT (D). ,. , 44,95

39.95 34.95 39.95

_ 5118 THE HALLEY PROJECT (D)

49.95

11 5940 DESK MANAGER (D)

14.95 14,95

27.95

39.95

CANADA,

OTHER

34.95

□ 5TO8 KEYBOARD CADET (D]

Z 5938 KID PRO QUO (D)

14.95

J39.95 $24.95

_J 5930 ACCOUNTANT, INC. (D| $99.95 $64.9! Z 5932 PERSONAL ACCOUNTANT (0)... 34,95 26.95 Z 5934 MODEL DIET (D) 29.95 23.95

~ 5936 TRIO (D)

14.95

44.95

HAWAII. ALASKA. APO-FPO orders. Conodion orders must be in U.S. dollors.

29.95 39,95 39.95 39.95 39,95

14.95

Dsflgnwars

Add S3.00 for flipping, handling ond insurance. Illinois residents pleose

29.95

Mindscapc

Li 0182 ACCOUNTS PAYABLE/ CHECKWRITING (D)

L 0365 WORLDS GREAT BASEBALL (0). , 34.95 Z 0383 SUMMER OLYMPIC GAMES II (D) .39.95 LJ0750PITSTOPIKD] 39.95

D 2520 _!2521 Z 3745 Z 3747 □ 3749

39.95 29.95

Sof tsync

20.95

□ 0360 JET COMBAT SIMULATION (D) .. , 39.95 □ 0364 SUMMER OLYMPIC GAMES (D) . . 39.95

Z 2519 U.5. GEOGRAPHY FACTS (D)

. ..29.95

LJ 0836 SPELUCOPTER (D) I I 0840 CREATURE CREATOR (0) LI 0B44 TRAP-A-ZOID (D)

BUSINESS

□ 01 BO ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE/

20.95

:: 2499 BIOLOGY FACTS (0)

...29.95

H 0B32 STATES & TRAITS (0)

20.95

39.95

_ 2496 FRENCH VOCAB. SKILLS (D] .

$29.95 S14.95

LJ OB28 SPELLAKAZAM (D)

18.95

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EDUCATION

36.95 23.9S

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49.95

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", 3842 SKY FOX(0] _ 5176 CARRIERS AT WAR (D)

39.95 39.95

312*382-5244

Z 3031 FIELD OF FIRE (D)

$29.95 $23.95 . 39.95 27.95 .34.95 22.95

J38JO THE SEVEN CITIES OF GOLD (D)

39.95

Q 3009 THE COSMIC BALANCE (D) 39.95 D 3010 IMPERIUM GALACTUM (D| 39.95 LJ 3011 CARTELS AND CUTTHROATS (D) .39.95

Lj 0129 FIIEWRITER (D]

LL393ODR.JS LARRY BIRD (D).T D 3832 FINANCIAL COOKBOOK (O) .. '_j 3834 MAIL ORDER MONSTERS (O)...

J34.95 $20,95 39.95 23.95 39.95 24.95 34.95 20.95

"3030 KNIGHTS IN THE DESERT (D]

Electronic Arts

; .

RDF 1985 (D) COMBAT LEADER |D] GEOPOLITIOUE (D) BALTIC 1985(0]

26.95

32,95

29.95

2995 2996 2997 3998

. , 2497 WORLD HISTORY (D) Z 2498 U.S. HISTORY FACTS (D).

49.95

D D D D

18.50

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DIG DUG (O) POLE POSITION (D| ALTERNATE REALITY THE GOONIES (D)

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C 3027 MIGHTY CONAN (D)

Phone Orders

24.95

Datasoft D 3025 BRUCE LEE |D) □ 3026 PAC-MAN (D)

(T) Tape, (C) Cartridge, (D) Disk.

59.95 39.95

29.95

49.95 49.95

Phone {.

Z 3020 COMPUTER AMBUSH [D] LJ 3021 COMPUTER BASEBALL (O)

22.95

..34.95

Z 2495 SPANISH VOCAB. SKILLS (D)

29.95

B 3041 RAIO ON BUNGELING BAT (O) . . 29.95

No-

Exp. Date

Acttvlslon

Zip

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City

J29.95 SI8.95

D 5952 LAW OF THE WEST (D)

We Love Our Customers 22292 N. Pepper Rd., Barringlon, Illinois 60010

312/382-5244 to order

29.95

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COLOR MONITOR SALE!!!

(Premium Quality)

• Beautiful Color

• Built in Speaker & Audio

Contrast

■ For Video Recorders • For Small Business Computers

■ High Resolution

• Apple-Commodore

■ Anti-Glare Screen

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-Atari - Aplus 3000 -etc.

• 40 Columns x 24 Lines

• One Year Free Immediate

• Front Panel Controls

Replacement Warranty'

■ Black Stripe Tube

List $32900 14" Color Computer Monitor1 'C64 Alari composite cable S9,95

Super High Resolution

Allows use of C-128 and C64 mode ■ composite and 80 column RGB

List $399.00

mode. Must be used to get 80 columns in color with 80 column computers. Specially designed for use with the C)28:s special composite shipping}

plus green

screen

only

option

switch,

(add

12" MAGNAVOX {NAP) 80 COLUMN MONITOR 24 lines, easy to read, plus speaker for audio sound included.

Sale

$14.50

Super high resolution composite green screen monitor. 80 columns x

14995

Add SI 4.50 Shipping

14" RGB & COMPOSITE COLOR MONITOR video output,

Sale

Cl 28 RGB/Composite 80 column cable S19.95.

List 5129.00

Fantastic value. Limited Quantities.

25995

Sale

Turn Your Monitor into a TV Set Without Moving Your Computer Elegant TV Tuner with duol UHF VHF selector switches goes between your

computer ond monitor. Includes mute, automatic fine tuning and computer-

TV selector switches. Inputs included for 300 ohm, 75 ohm. and UHF. Cin be used with cable TV and VCR's. Fantastic Value, Limited Quantities. (Includes loop antenna for UHF S RCA connecting cables)

List SI29.9S

Sale

$4995

15 Day Free Trial - 90 Day Immediate Replacement Warranty 'LOWEST PRICES

• BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A.

'ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL

> OVER500PROGRAMS

' FREE CATALOGS

Add S10.00 lor thlpplng. handling and insurance. Illinois raiid*nlt

plsaie add 6'."'. 101. Add JTO.OO for CANADA. PUERTO RICO. HAWAII. ALASKA, APO-FPO orders. Canadian order? musl be in U.5.

dollars.

MOT

EXPORT

TO OTHER

COUNTRIES,

EXCEPT

CANADA. Entlose Cashier Check. Money Order or Personal Chalk.

We Love Our Customers

Allow Iddayslordelivery, 2io7daystorphonecirders, 1 day express

22292 N. Pepper Rd.. Barrington, Illinois 60010

VISA — MASTER CARD — C.O.D.

312/382-5244 to order

molll Price 1 S Avoilabllily subject to change without notice,

No. C.O.D. lo Conada, APO-FPO

Famous Smith Corona National Brand

I0" PRINTER SALE Below Wholesale Cost Prices!!! • ONE YEAR IMMEDIATE REPLACEMENT WARRANTY • Speed: 120 or 160 characters per second • 80 character print line at 10 CPI

• Six pitches

* Friction Feed/Tractor Feed — Standard

• 1 Line Buffer, 2K Buffer on 160 CPS Plus LQM

* Graphics capability

• Centronics compatible parallel interface

• Features Bidirectional Print, Shorttine Seek, Vertical And Horizontal Tabs

Check These Features & Prices 120 CPS 10" Printer List

$429.00

!I59

160 CPS + Letter Quality Mode 10" Printer This

i s

sample

our

near-letter-quality

italic

print,

List

emphasized

S499.00

There is standard data processing quali ty print

SPECIFICATIONS

(IBM — Commodore)

Char. Matrix Sixe 9H x <JV [Standard) to 10H x 9V (Emphasized 8 Elongate) Printing Foaturni Bi-directional, Short line seeking. Vertical Tabs. Horizontal Tabs

S1ie/W*lght Height 5.04" Width 16.7" Deplh 13.4" Weight 18.7 lbs. Internal Char. Coding ASCII Plus ISO

Print Buffer Sli* 120 CPS: 13?Bv!cb : s line) 120/160 CPS Plus LQM: 2K No. of Char. In Char, Sat 96 ASCII Plus International Graphlci Capability

Standard 60. 72. 120 DPI Horizontal 72 DPI Vertical Pitch 10, 12, 16.7, 5, 6. B.3, Proportional Spacing

Printing Mathod

(Apple — Atari — Etc.

Parallel 9 bit Centronics compatible

120/160 CPS Plus NLQ: RS23! Serial inc.

Character Mode

10 k 8 Emphasized; 9x8 Standard; 10x8 Elongated; 1 x 8 Super/Sub Script (1 pass)

Formi Type

Character Sat

:"■-: iir.1.: Cut Shsgt, Roll (optional) Max Paper Width I]" Feeding Method Friction Feed Sid.; Tractor Feed Std. Ribbon

96 ASCII 11x7 International Char. I ii'.' Spacing 6/8/12/72/U4 LPI

Character Spacing

10 cpi normal; 5 cpi elongated normal; 12 cpi

Cassette — Fabric inked ribbon

compressed; 6 cpi elongated compressed; 16.7 cpi condensed; 8.3 cpi elongated

Ribbon Life

condensed; 5.12.5 cpi elongated proportional

4 million characters

Impact Dot Matrix

Interfaces Apple 559.00

IBM $69.00

!199

Cartridge Ribbon — List 519.95. Sale 113.95.

Atari 559.00

Commodore $39.95

Add 114,50 for shipping, handling and insurance. Illinois resident; please odd 6'.*. lox. Add $19.00 For CANADA. PUERTO RICO. HAWAII ALASKA. APO-FPO orders. Conadion orders must be in U.S. dollars. WE DO NOT

EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES.

Cashiers Check.

Money Order or

EXCEPT CANADA. Enclose

Personol Check

delivery. ? lo 7 days For phone orders. I

Allow

\4 doys

day eKprass mailf Prices £

Availability iub|ecl to change wllhojt notice. VI5A — MASTERCARD — C.O.D.

No COD, ta Canada or APO-FPO

We Love Our Customers 22292 N. Pepper Rd., Barrington, Illinois 60010

312/382-5244 to order

Save Your Copies of COMPUTE! Protect your back issues of COMPUTE! in durable binders or library cases. Each binder or case is custom-made in flag-blue binding with embossed white lettering, Each holds a year of COMPUTE!. Order several and keep your issues of COMPUTE! neatiy or ganized for quick reference. (These binders make great gifts, too!) Cases: S6.95 each;

(Please add S2.50 per unit for orders

Binders S8.50 each: 3 for $2475; 6 for $48.00

3 for S20.00;

6 lor S36.00

outside trie U S.) Send in your prepaid order with trie attached coupon

DISKS 500 E LIFETIME WARRANTY E TYVEK SLEEVES • LABELS

WRITE PROTECTS • PACKAGED FACTORY NEW — 1st QUALITY

SS/DD DS/DD

COMPUTE!

D cases

Enclosed is my check or money order for $

1000.

.60 .80

.55 .75

.50 .70

100-999

looo-

.80 1.00

.75 .95

.70 .90

2.50

Call

SS/DD DS/DD

Dept. Code COTE,Philadelphia, PA 19141

Please send me

!00-9M

it BASF 2% DS/DD

Mail to: Jesse Jones Industries, P.O. Box 5120,

60 89

MC/VISA/C.O.D.

D binders.

(U.S. funds

only,)

Opan 7 Days

NO HANDLING CHARGE! Dealer Inquiries Invited

Name

M.C.S.

Address

Microcomputer Services

City

State

WHOLESALE OIBK UBOKEHG

Zip

Soruiacron guoronteea a money ralunaed Please alow A-6 week? tot delivery.

In Michigan [313] 4E7-OE51

15076 MiddlebelC. Livonia. MI4B154

COLOSSUS is the most complete chess program available for the CBMim 64/128 and APPLE™ 2 Series,

written using the very latest techniques by a computer chess programmer of eight years experience. It has the widest range of true features available, including some never before implemented on any home computer

COLOSSUS CHESS IV CLOSES THE DOOR ON ALL THE OTHERS

chess program.

COLOSSUS has a perfect understanding ol s/Mhe rules of chess, Including under-

promotlons, the fifty move rule and all draws by repetition. It can handle standard mates; including the very difficult King, Bishop and Knight versus King,

■

V1-'. '

COLOSSUS also offers the choice between

the usual two dimensional flat board display or the new three dimensional real life board

which allied to optional joystick control makes it clear and easy to use. It comes with a comprehensive instruction manual and is

easily the best chess program for casual and serious players alike.

FACT5HEET/ORDER HOTLINE: 20t.934.73T3

FIREBIRD LICENSEES INC. 74 NORTH CENTRAL AVENUE n/IMSEV NEW JERSEY G7U6

(201J.934.7373

S and then the number of the row.

To move a card from one row to an

James E. Hosek

Imagine a game of solitaire at which you can't cheat. Then imagine you've got high stakes riding on the game. "Klondike" is a computerized card game with a betting system and other interesting features for the Commodore 64.

other, press the number of the row

from which you want to move a card and then the number of the row you want to move it to. To draw a card from the deck, press D. Finally, to move a card from a row

to a pile, enter the number of the row and then press P or F.

A Helping Hand

the game is to place as many cards

The game has an "Automove" fea

on the piles as you can. However,

ture, which scans the cards before

of points, you'll be anxious to re

since you probably won't be dealt

each move to see if there are any

cover them; if you've won, you'll want to ride out your good luck. Klondike is similar to the tradi

all of the aces at the beginning,

cards that can be moved onto the

you'll need to place cards in the rows until they can he placed on the

tional solitaire card game. There1 are

piles.

pile. If there are, it automatically moves them for you, with some ex ceptions. A card won't be moved if

Once you start playing "Klondike," it's hard to stop. If you've lost a lot

You can take cards from one pile and place them on another, so long as you keep them in descend ing order, alternating colors. If you move a card or set of cards from a row, the card beneath automatical

another card that has not yet ap

ly turns over. If you move the last

card in a row, you can place a king

of hearts or the two of diamonds can be played onto it. Also, a card

stack or the deck, and place them

(and any cards descending from it)

will not automatically be moved if a

on the rows in descending order, al ternating colors; or place them on the piles by suit in ascending order

in the newly empty row.

card that can be played on it is cov

seven rows of cards; the first has one card, the second has two cards, and so on. On the right there is a pile for each suit, and at the bottom there is a deck from which to draw

cards and a stack on which to discard.

You can draw cards from the

starting with the ace. The object of

peared can be played on it. For ex

ample, if the ace and two of clubs are the only cards on the pile, the three of clubs will not be moved up

automatically since either the two

At the bottom of the screen are

ered in a row. Even if a card is not

the words FROM and TO. To move

moved automatically, though, you

a card from the stack to a row, press

can still move it yourself. COMPUTED Gazette

May 1986

IT POSSIBLE TO MAKE THE BEST ANY BETTER?!

NEW! CPM-128 Mode Standard 4K Buffer

• ••*••••

And it still has: • Built-in Self Test with Status Report

In this round, the player's best move might be to draw from the deck.

•

When you've turned over all

the cards in the deck, the round of play is over and your score is calcu lated according to how many cards you got on the pile and how much you bet. Press f2 and the cards will be reshuffled for another round of

play; press f8 to quit.

Optional Transparent Mode

Microprocessor controlled emulation ol

External switch selectable Commodore

Commodore printars lor comcatability

graphics mode lor Epson, Star Micronics.

wilh popular software

C. Itofi Prowriter, OKIdata. Selkosha.

NEW INTRODUCTORY SALE! PRICE

Banana. SMC, Panasonic, Mannesman*

Talley. Think Jet 8 others

S89.00

Universal Input/Output

Board for C-64&C-128 •

16 Channel 8-bit A/D converter with 100 microsecond sampling lime

• 1 D/A output •

16 hign voltage/high current discrete output

•

1 EPROM socket

• Use multiple boards lor additional channels up to 6 boards

Placing A Bet At the beginning of the game, you have 500 points. For each round of play, the maximum amount you

MW-611

S225.00

r inquiries invilod

Micro World Computers, Inc.

(303) yH7-

3333 S. WadSWOIth Blvd. HC105 Lakewood, CO 811227

can bet is the number of points you

have divided by 52. You then earn five times your bet for each card you place on a pile. Therefore, in order to come out ahead, you must move at least 11 cards onto the pile. If you get all of the cards on the piles, you get 1000 times your bet. But don't count on it—it's difficult enough just to break even.

Typing It In Type in Klondike using the "Auto matic Proofreader," published fre quently in the GAZETTE. If you're using tape, make the following

changes: In line 120, eliminate GOSUB 1190. Then delete lines 1190 through 1230. Also, change line

1240 to read REM. If you're using a Plus/4 or 16, substitute the lines listed in Pro gram 2 for the corresponding lines in Program 1. Once you've typed in Klon entering your name, the playing screen appears. Enter the same name each time, as the program saves your latest total. If you don't

like the cards that you've been giv en, you can reshuffle as many times as you like by pressing 17.

See program listings on page 98. COMPUTE!* Gazette

RUN

6/85 p. 14

AHOY 4/86 p. 83

dike, load it and type RUN. After

SEE REVIEWS IN: MIDNITE OAZ. #28 p. 78

May 1986

PACKAGE INCLUDES: • QuM drive nop* to reduce the ne*d for contlanwl nailcnmrat on

ud nratronkf drivM.

•

True dldtal sdlmmont dltk with oflMt track

Phy»ic«J Exam $39.96 <8Kh + **») Extra Stops I4.&6 (ewh +

plcMC 8pccify which drivc- ORDERS 800 762-56451 CARDINAL SOFTWARE

ISMfl Jeff Divli Hwj. Woodbridfa, VA, 32191 INPO CALL; (708) 491-M03

IN CANADA: APP1N MICRO, 1388 Pharauj At*. Scwboronih, Ontario, MIR 2J1 (416) 448-0849

TAP THE POWER of the Commodore 128 By the author of Machine Language

for Beginners and Second Book of Machine Language Hcfurd MnMd t™ indmurOWn giads In «M3 ndn

i cregwnwe an n* Connxlgr* >M

» Konmitaufl. ntm-binwl aaentm

128 Machine Language lor Beginners Richard Mansfield

One of the bestselling computer books ever has now been completely revised for the Commodore 128. Most commercial software is written in machine language because it's far faster and more versatile than BASIC.

This new edition of Machine Language for Beginners is a step-by-step introduction to 8502 machine language programming on Commodore's 128 computer. The book includes everything you need to learn to effectively program the 128: numerous programming examples, memory management tutorials; a complete description of the many Kernal routines and other new 128 features; numerous hints and programming techniques; and a dictionary of all major BASIC commands and their machine language equivalents. It also includes a high-speed, professional-quality, label-based assembler, optimized to take advantage of the speed and extra memory of the 128. 0-87455-033-5

$16.95

Like the other top-quality books from COMPUTEI, 128 Machine Language tor Beginners brings you ready-to-use information in a clear, lively style that makes learning easy and enjoyable, whether you are a beginner or an ad vanced computer user.

An optional disk Is also available which Includes the assembler and example programs In the book. The 128 LADS Disk Is fully tested and ready to load on the Commodore 128. It costs only S12.95 and saves you hours of typing time.

Order your copy of 128 Machine Language for Beginners and the LADS Disk today. Call toll free 1-800-346-6767 (in NY 1-212-887-8525) or mall your payment (plus $2.00 shipping per book or disk) to COMPUTEI Books, P.O. Box 5038, F.D.R. Station, New York, NY 10150.

COMPUTE! PublicattonsJncS q

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The Newsroom

tors, and artists. Using a modem, art and copy can be sent or received by anybody using The Newsroom and a

Putting a newsletter together is not as

Commodore 64/128, Apple II-series, or

much fun as you might imagine—that is, if your tools are the traditional scis

IBM PC computer. Evidentally, copy from other word processors can't be uploaded because the program trans

sors, tape, and a typewriter. Fiddling with spacing and alignment is not how I

mits graphics characters rather than

want to spend my free time. I say this—

ASCII character codes.

and yet I did agree to be editor of a club newsletter. The truth is I expected the

The final publication is assembled

Commodore 64 and a good software program to turn this into a happy expe

rience for me. Someone recommended that I try The Newsroom by Springboard Software.

the banner, and a scaled-down version of the same typefaces for the text. All margins and page lengths are set; all you do is provide the copy and art. You

The Newsroom is designed to take the chore out of writing, designing, and

write and edit copy at the Copy Desk,

printing newspapers, newsletters, bro

tures. There, a screenful of text is equal

chures, flyers, and the like. Most all the elements of a publication are accounted for in the program. You create the ban ner, art, text, and layout on the screen and then print the completed master. No manual pasteup is necessary, not

to one "panel." This will mean more when you get to the Layout work area

even for the artwork.

The Clip Art part of the program is probably the most fun. As you're creat

It certainly wouldn't hurt to read the manual before you begin. Students

of journalism in particular can benefit from the brief tutorial on newspaper production. But if you're already about to miss your first deadline, you can skip that part and still manage; the pro gram's design is largely intuitive. Sit

down and start working on your publi cation right away, referring to the man ual as needed. Pictures, or icons, show how to proceed through the various stages of production, represented by six scenes in the opening screen. At one time or another, you'll probably have work to do in the Banner, Copy Desk,

using the program's text-editing fea

where panels up full pages. to do where; through each

are put together to make Don't worry about what the icons will guide you work area.

ing a banner or planning your copy, you can choose from over 600 pieces of cartoon-style artwork included on a separate disk with the program. These

mentary collection of clip art [Clip Art Collection, Volume 1) is available for

any rate—nothing happens. So, before anything else, you need to prepare the artwork and copy, and design a banner.

The Newsroom gives you a choice of three large and two small typefaces for 54

COMPUTED Gazette

May 1986

cluding the banner which runs across

the top of the page. You're virtually fin ished once layout is set; you simply print the pages out. That should be no

problem given the impressive list of printers and interfaces the program has allowed for. Try using a new ribbon in your printer when you use this program

because the single-impact dot-matrix screen dump tends to be light. You'll want a sharp, dark copy for good reproducibility. THE

GOOD NEWS BEARS \IS£UY. YOUR] Produced bv tha

HViffli

Larson Famlv Press

PUMPING

A-

OATMkAL

(J,

OITB

f'^lljl^ HI WLD WEST VACATION

images to your library. In addition, Clip Art Collection, Volume 2 has recently

It's easy to take some of the The Newsroom's features for granted if you haven't had to do them manually before. For example, when you com bine art with copy, the program auto matically runs the text around the art. If

you try that. The result is the same at

and whether or not you have a banner. The copy is in two-column format, ex

$29.95, adding at least another 600 new

If you've ever worked in an editor ial/production department before,

work area to another as the task de mands. There's no point, however, in going to Layout if your art and copy aren't ready. In a real work situation, the art department can get pretty testy if

es). Anywhere from six to ten panels can fit on a page depending on the size

can create your own pictures. A supple

been released for $39.95. It's targeted for business use.

vironment. You can jump from one

which can be either letter-size (8Vi X 11 inches) or legal-size (8Vi X 14 inch

ready-made pictures—including ani mals, people, aliens, and other figures doing a variety of things—can be com bined and modified with graphics tools also provided in the program, or you

Photo Lab, Layout, Wire Service, and Printing Press work areas.

you'll find The Newsroom a familiar en

in the Layout work area. Here you ar range the panels prepared at the Copy Desk and the banner into full pages,

jijlu

ILr

_'L'

!^F

^!^H!^!^!^BJ

tf^:^.te'^- a;g(P SrEh ■:.■-■■■: ■...■■ iv.

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you reposition the art on the panel, the

text runaround is instantly recalculated. You're not penalized by having to re type copy everytime you want to try a

different layout. If you're lucky, you'll have people lined up to help produce the publica tion. The program makes allowances for a staff of contributing writers, edi

For all the timesaving features The

Newsroom offers, I do have some doubts. My main reservation is the look

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of the screen dump: The leading (spac ing between the lines) of the small type face is too tight. I think it's hard to read. And the typefaces themselves appear squatty and cramped. Others who have seen The Newsroom's output disagree with me, so judge for yourself. A lesser

complaint, I find the disk-swapping somewhat tiresome. Also, when you're typing in copy, the cursor tends to lag

behind the keystrokes a bit. The Newsroom is not meant to com pete with professional typesetting and

pasteup design. For the money, the pro

skills and a points system. It can be

gram can produce a respectable publi

edited, so that new word lists may be

cation of near-professional quality. After using it, going back to scissors and tape is unthinkable.

added.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Gail Cow per Springboard Software, Inc.

7808 Creekridge Circle Minneapolis, MN 55435

$49.95 Clip Art, Vol. 1, $29.95 Clip Art, Vol. 2, $39.95 (business use)

Michelle received Stickybear Read ing first and then Stickybear Spell grabber. As she and Catherine played them, I loosed my analytical mind, until

finally I was certain why they liked them so much. Stkkybear Reading cap tured them with its charming anima

tions; Stkkybear Spellgrabber with its solid game qualities and the allure of points to score. Smiling to myself, I watched them fire up Stkkybear Math, which has little animation and no game

Stkkybear: Reading, Spelling, And Math If parenthood holds one main sobering

and motivate them to improve their

realization, it's that you don't really

spelling skills." I quote these to demon

know what your children like. Just before Cabbage Patch dolls took off, my wife and I stood by a tall stack of them and smugly noted that our kids would find them repulsive; two days

before Christmas we hired someone to

get us two at any cost (we failed), The

following Christmas, I gave them some

software 1 was certain they would trea

sure; it remains unplayed, except by

me. This year I gave Weekly Reader Family Software's Stickybenr Math as a last-minute, fill-in birthday gift for Mi

chelle, my six-year old. Good father that I am, I had tested it beforehand, and I thought it fair, but uninspiring. Predictably, Michelle loved it. Stkky

bear Reading and Stkkybear Spellgrabber soon followed, and she and her class have become Stkkybear fanatics. To me, a jaded grown-up expecting

more and better things from the soft ware I buy, the Stkkybear series seems quite ordinary. To Michelle and her sis

ter Catherine, however, it is a world of marvels. They like the fact that it helps

them in school. (That surprised me).

They like the fact that it makes them think hard. (That, too). And they like the fact that it does not seek to dazzle

them. I've always read that children

suffer from repetition, that they learn best when the learning is hidden from them. After seeing Stkkybear, I now read different books. The Stkkybear series, available for the Commodore 64, is designed around a family of animated bears. Its purpose is clearly educational; its philosophy is

learning through enjoyable drill and

practice. Stkkybear Math, for instance, opens its manual by saying that the

program "is designed to provide fo cused drill and practice in basic addi

tion and subtraction skills for children ages six through nine." Stkkybear Read ing "introduces language elements to children ages five through eight." Stkky bear Spellgrabber's intention is "to cap ture the interest of beginning spellers 56

COMPUTE'S Gaze/re

May 1986

strate the educational priority of the pro grams, and because without them we cannot really assess the software's effec tiveness.

Stkkybear Reading contains three games: Match the Words, Find the Word, and Build a Sentence. Match the

at all. The game, I knew, would bear out my theory, and I would complete my review easily. Oh, well. More than either of the other two products, Stkkybear Math grabbed and

held their interest. Its goals are simple: to teach by repetition and drill. Ostensi bly, the child is trying to help Stkky bear get over a wall, or off a building, or across a pond, by answering addition and subtraction questions. When the

Words displays three pictures down the left side of the screen, with three corre sponding nouns in jumbled order down the right. The child draws a line be tween the picture and its word. When she gets them right, Stkkybear zips across the screen; if wrong, she gets to try again. Find the Word shows a sen

tence with a missing word, a list of three possible words to put in the

blank, and an animated picture depict ing the sentence. For example, the sen

tence might read, "The (plane, sheep, box) flies over the turtle," while the pic

Stickybear Spellgrabber

ture shows an airplane flying over a tur

tle. The child fills in the blank. Build a

child answers correctly, the screen ani

Sentence, logically extending the first two games, has the child select a sub ject, a predicate, and an object from a list showing three of each. Once she has done so, the program will animate the sentence. For example, if she chooses

mates; five correct answers, and Stickybear moves a little closer to his

Stkkybear for the subject, bounces past for the predicate, and a chicken for the object, the screen will display Stickybear bouncing past a chicken.

Stickybear Spellgrabber also con tains three games. Picture Spell shows a picture of an object, with the letters of the word scattered about on "ledges."

With a joystick, the child directs Sticky bear to pick up the letters in the right order. Stickybear jumps from ledge to

ledge, and sometimes must catch the letters in mid-air. Word Spell is almost identical, but it dispenses with the pic ture. Bear Dunk is quite different, a variiition of Hangman. The child (or

childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;two can play) must figure out the letters of a mystery word; if she fails, Stickybear falls into a tub of water. Stkkybear Spellgrabber is the only one of the three products that uses joystick

destination. For Catherine and Mi chelle, though, the pictures held less in terest than the problems. They liked adding and subtracting on the com puter. This is not to say that the pictures

meant nothing to them; they've played other drill-based math games and found them boring. For whatever rea sons, Stickybear Math does it properly, The program is quite sophisticated. Parents can prescribe the types of ques

tions that will be asked, choosing among

addition,

subtraction, column

addition, missing or multiple addends, and so on. There is even a report card (which the girls found thrilling), dis playing the level the child started and ended the session, and the number of right and wrong answers. The report card is saved to disk under the child's name. The disk will hold files for 24 children. Twenty levels are available. Level One is "addition with animated objects shown, sums to 5, horizontal and vertical presentation." Level 20

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Abacus

Software

P.O. Box 7219Grand Rapids, Ml 49510-Telex 709-101 - Phone (616) 241-5510 Call now for the name of your nearest dealer. Or to order directly by credit card, MC, AMEX of VISA call (616) 241-5510. Other software and books are available-Call and ask for your free catalog. Add $4,00 for shipping per order. Foreign orders add $12.00 per ilem. Dealer inquires welcome-1400+ nationwide.

has, among other features, "Threeplace subtraction with borrow, vertical

Other user-defined variables in

which is likely to result in a blues bass

clude "Rest Probability," which gov

presentation." The levels automatically

erns the randomness with which pauses

adjust as the child plays.

are introduced, and "Harmonicity

line or a rock riff. Experiments here confirmed that the Algorhythmic Composer achieves its

Factor," which determines the likeli

goals admirably. It offers the musician

al games. The Stickybear products have

hood that a particular scale position will appear in a generated theme. You can

continually varying musical ideas and, although initial parameters are user-

provided my daughters with hours of

favor consonance, increase harmony

defined, the results are frequently sur

enjoyable instruction, and have helped

for longer notes, build arpeggiation ef

them in school. Almost as importantly, they have reinforced for me the knowl

fects, and modify aspects of velocity.

prising and clearly not something the user would have invented unassisted

edge that judging the tastes of others— especially children—is very difficult.

the Stochastic Algorithm Composer (SAC), represents a completely differ ent approach to computer-generated

The idea of random music genera tion brings to mind that old literary an ecdote: With enough time and enough

music. Stochastic means that something

monkeys typing, one of them will even

depends on chance. Interestingly, the

tually write Hamlet, Listening to the

program utilizes two different random

products of the Algorhythmic Composer,

number generators: a skewed one for generating the different pitches and a

we were never pleasantly startled to hear a Bach fugue come pouring out of the synthesizer. However, one of the

Weekly Reader Family Software

has produced a fine series of education

For both parents and reviewers, this knowledge is indispensable.

—Neil Randall Weekly Reader Family Software 245 Long Hill Road Middletown, CT 06457

Another program in this package,

fully random one to govern duration.

$29.95 each (disk)

The user can control a variety of factors

Algorhythmic Composer With the advent of MIDI—the interface standard for electronic music—all kinds of machines can communicate and, thus, make music together. And, with the addition of an interface, your

Commodore 64 can act as the brains and bandleader of the whole group. Any electronic keyboard, effects device (echo, reverb, etc.), or drum machine which has MIDI can be driven by a vari

ety of available 64 programs through a 64-to-MlDl interface. The 64 can be a cost-effective, effi cient musical supervisor, and several companies currently offer software which transforms the computer into a magnificent music machine. Among the most intriguing new software is a set of programs from Dr.T's Music Soft ware which allow your 64 to compose music. This recently released package contains several distinct music generat

including tempo, phrase repetition, and

four-part computer inventions was no tably lovely and musically intelligent.

whether or not a theme will change as the piece progresses.

The computer permutated it into de generate variations, but, because any

The program generates four-part harmonies. There are several menu screens and you step between them to predetermine various factors affecting

results can be saved to disk, you can ex tract the good phrases from the bad. Using the various facilities of the se quencer, we were later able to orches

the final musical product. The individ ual voices can be transposed, velocity

trate an impressive, coherent piece of music based on a theme invented by

(the amount of initial attack on each

the Commodore 64.

note) can be randomized, and you can select between four pitch tables or mod ify the tables directly. A separate menu allows you to in fluence somewhat the rhythm of each part by providing a list of duration val ues or rests from which the random number algorithm will select note time

values. Each of the four parts can be predefined as legato or staccato. The fi nal menu permits selection of individ

duration of the theme). This menu also offers the programmer a setting which

will "permutate" the melody (change it

ing routines. The Phrase Generator, for example, is designed "to generate new

can scramble the random seed whenever

types of sequences which a person's ha bitual musical thought processes might not invent, and as a stimulant to re move creative blocks."

you wish, even in PLAY mode. Overall, the resulting music from both the SAC and the Phrase Generator programs is, as you might expect, vari able. It's as if you are auditioning hope ful composers and you listen to a variety of pieces—ranging from awful to inspired—as the computer generates a constantly varying series of musical events. It's not that you'll simply be choosing the pieces that harmonize (ev erything will harmonize unless you set up a dissonant scale). It's more a ques tion of picking those selections wherein the melody seems worthy, the rhythm supports the melodic line and, most of all, the entire piece seems apt, seems to have musical value. Of course you can always load the dice by selecting a scale

scale structure which will govern the possible notes and, thereby, the tonal ity of the phrase. Then the rhythmic structure is defined. Finally, random ness is introduced as the computer con structs the finished phrase working

within the limits established by the user. Variations on the theme can be produced as the user switches to anoth er scale or the computer rearranges the notes within the predefined scale. At any point, the results can be listened to or stored to disk for later use with Dr. T's Sequencer. 58

COMPUTE'S Gaiarto

May 1966

—Richard Mansfield Dr. T's Musk Software 66 Louise Rd. Chestnut Hill, MA 02167

$100

Elidon

ual MIDI channels for each part and enable repeat mode (and determine the

slightly on each repetition), and you can also define the probability that permuta tion will occur at all. Saving and loading setups from disk are supported, and you

The user first sets up a particular

by the machine.

Does the prospect of turning into a faer ie and setting off on a lengthy quest in pursuit of mysterious but highly essen tial elixirs appeal to you? If that's not to

your taste, how about a chance to win some not-so-mysterious, but still highly essentia! money? In either case, Elidon may be for you. The painless elfin metamorphosis is the basis for this new game for the Commodore 64. And Orpheus, the publishers of Elidon, provides the prize

money for the first three people who solve the software's built-in puzzle. The money is a nice inducement, but it's probably not necessary for those

with a whimsical turn of mind and a burning ambition to ensure that the proper floral headgear appears atop the

tresses of the Queen of the Faeries at the spring ball. Collecting flowers for the monarch's fragrant crown is the ul

timate goal of Elidon, but it's a task that's neither trivial nor easy. The faerie world consists of about

300 rooms. These have widely varied characteristics, ranging from forest clearing to dank dungeon, If you dare to

C-128 REQUIRED READING ■

■. *.,. .1 .■ - ■ i

--. "

TT i

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■

BASIC 7.0

INTERNALS

Abacus g'juJ* 2?&»nts Ihe 128's pg

sys-ern, aaplains graphic gp y ar;! UnrT. U SO

column graphics i and commented d ROMHstlngs.

Gst aft lht« in^rtfe informal ion on

Ffied w'fi Info tor everyone. Covers

BASIC 7 70 0 ROM listings. liti Ci Coming

routines,

BASIC 7 0 This eahauiTivs handbk is book i complete lte *Kri K comminno' n'

chips. rv#irorv Mana M

&0Qpp £1995

Summof'66

IIG9S

lns"<Jers' guide for novice * ad-

80 cofumn hlroi g graphics, wina aoivmg. rneinory lt layout, Kernal Kl

sprites, it

lection, aulosMrting

sqUwjio t

varicoa users Coveis se^anta! & relative lt M Mes, & O-rect Ot access comDescribes DOS routines j DD ti Co rnm en tod listings. 450pp £19.95

pro-

3O0pp S1995

Learn fundamentals of CAD white caverpping pg y your nwn system y Dig octets ct on your scraen lo l dump d ro a printer, jIlJ lisiinga for "64 lili f '64 with tlf Simon's Basic. 300pp 11995

BASIC Training Guide

Abacus En Tnl Software Introduction lo programrno, problem

'-s: triorougii daacrlpiion ol all

Proaorits dozens ol programming

Essential guide (or everyone Inter-

toe Uniques on the operating

9N.pl j nation of tno oporaiing system,

qulcn-hli'targ.

BASIC commands with hLTidroCs of

ANATOMY OF C-64 loaders gutd* lo 1h*

Graphics, sound. 10, kamaJ,

monory maja, morg, Complafa Ccnmontod

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and

usolu'

eslBd Jn CP;M on tho 128. Simple

Gtackfl, laTD-pago. pointers, lha BASLC Interpreter and mors S19 9S

DKdmpiQS; i ~ ■ ■ ■ -r corpifTi4fidS; -l rljes; mucJi more 2Q0od

64 imernalt.

Easy

1B41,6DRIVE

Q«aE

memory usage, ZPlM utility prog'oms. Sidb/niifilosimore

TRICKS i TIPS FOR C^4

Collodion ol

easy-to-usfl lechnfciues: advanced graphics, improved data

Input,

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BASIC.

S19 95

depth Intro to computers In seance- Topics:

Advvnlurt Oamewrlief'e Handbook Siap-by-a; ep gvde lo da sign Ing and vrnllng

chemistry,

your o*n advent ura gam s a. Wirh agio mated

SCIEHCE^EHGINEEniHQ physics,

ftioctronlcs. olhefs. 1S41 REPAIR ft MAINTENANCE Handbook dsscnbflfl The Disk drive hardwnre, Inctudaa schflmoiics nnd techniQuss tofceep15l1 running. 200pp St9-95

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interrupts, timere. clock*.

PRINTER

Multicolor,

guid«;

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High

Not covered olaowhore: - vUeo controllar.

GRAPHICS BOOK C-64 - besl releronco covers basic and advanced graphics.

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[jrogrnms.

C-64

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PEEKS & POKES FOR THE C-64 Includes In-depth etplanatlons ol PEEK, POKE, LJ5R. and other BASIC commands. Learn the 'Inikdi' tricks lo g*E Ehe most nut

of your W. Optional

For

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contAined In «ach of our Qaoki are avail able on disksne la save you Time entering

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114.135 etch

300pp

Software

QMllii! P.O. Box 7219 Grand Rapids, Ml 49510 - Telex 709-101 ■ Phone (616) 241-5510

Call now for the name of your nearest dealer. Or to order directly by credit card, MC, AMEX ol VISA call (616) 241-5510. Other software and books are available-Call and ask for your free catalog. Add $4.00 (or shipping per order. Foreign orders add $10.00 per book. Dealer inquires welcome-1400+ nationwide.

venture into them, you'll encounter

Forces or the Axis Powers. You receive

tomary courtesies. On the other anten na, you'll find and collect interesting objects that may eventually prove use

your instructions from the Supreme Command and pass orders to the forces

entities that pass for fauna in the

ful and informative, but only if you pos

under your command. Your friends can

strange sylvan environment. As your delicate gossamer wings carry you

sess the power needed to dispel the thick fog that clouds their names and

or the computer can be assigned to fill

about, you'll find it necessary to restore

natures. Happily, the game is easy to

your vigor from time to lime with a re

any roles not assigned to human

play, and to make progress in, but the final goal is elusive enough to provide a

players. Or you can serve as a group com

long-term challenge.

mander and allow the computer to fill

some quite beautiful flora, and also meet the dangerous, dimly perceived

freshing draught of sparkling fairy dust. This is not always easily found or ingested.

Elidon is other-worldly and posi

then fill the other roles in each scenario,

all other roles for your side, as well as

However, should you run low on dust, your mystic energies will fail,

tively radiates charm. It's a fine piece of software, and rates a look from any

want to experience the total aerial war

your wings fade, and the power of

body already attempting another diffi

flight depart. You'll shortly regenerate

cult quest: the search for a gentle and

effort, fill all the roles of one side your self, and assign the computer to control your adversary. Of course, the multi

another pair of wings, but you'll have

lost one of your four faerie lives. And you'll probably need every break you can get in order to complete your bo tanical investigations, for it seems that

faerie energy is in great demand in the realm of Elidon. Various airborn lifeforms pursue you as you go, and even momentary contact means serious en ergy loss for you. But not all your ene mies are of the aerial persuasion. Some, in fact, inhabit deep, Stygian chambers. These beings are very large; you can see only their eyes, but their hulking, in visible bodies often impede your pro gress. And, of course, even the passage of time eats into your energy reserves.

Further, many of the plants act against you. Often, the most beautiful are the most harmful, some seeming to induce an almost unbreakable disorientation in the elfin guidance system. And, unfortunately, none of the potions

you're likely to discover appears to be the calamine lotion you need to fight

dreamlike computer game.

—lee Noel, jr. Orpheus Box 333, Elmira Ontario, Canada .\'3B 2Z7

S22.5O (disk or tape)

controlling the opposing forces. If you

tude of decisions and the missions to track could easily overwhelm you, just

as they would a real commander. Yet another option is to assign all roles to the computer and sit back and watch. (Surprisingly, the results are not

always the same in this mode.)

Europe Ablaze

Don't plan on spending one eve

ning with Europe Ablaze, Even with the computer controlling all roles, the game

Europe Ablaze, based on World War II

can run for more than 12 hours. A Save option is available, and necessary if you plan to play a game to completion. It's possible to end a game in the middle of a scenario and determine a victor from the points earned in combat, but this

air combat, is, in my opinion, possibly

isn't nearly as satisfying as having com

the best war game available for any home computer. It's the sequel to Carri

pleted the scenerio.

Plan a weekend in which you'll gather a group of friends—and prepare to experience what may well be the ulti mate aerial warfare computer game.

ers At War (reviewed in the November 1985 issue), and is published by the Australian-based Strategic Studies Group for several computers, including the Commodore 64, the version re

Most war game simulations are very complicated. Usually, the more complex the game, the more difficult it is to play. Europe Ablaze is extremely complex. (It has to be to allow up to 12 players at once.) Even so, the user inter

face has been well thought out. You'll

the poison plants. I shouldn't forget to mention that just plain, clumsy flying earns-its own dismal reward. Crashing into a sky is

viewed here. Europe Ablaze is not for the arcade champ: Quick reflexes and any points in this game. But cool think

find communication with the program to be almost second nature. All selections are made from easy-

land or other obstacle means a fall—

ing under pressure and the ability to plan and execute a careful strategy do

to-understand menus. The player's manual explains everything in detail.

have their rewards. Unlike most strategy war games, which pit you against the computer or, at best, against one opponent, roles for up to nine people are available in the various game scenerios included with

Even beginning war gamers will be able to understand and enjoy Europe Ablaze, On the other hand, the level of com plexity will be satisfying for even the most experienced war gamers. You can make mistakes, but not because you couldn't find information or you didn't understand what to do next.

sometimes an almost endless fall into the very nether reaches of Elidon. You can only recover the power of flight or hovering when your descent is broken by a horizontal surface. And that inev itably leads to a long, energy-dissipating

climb back to where you thought you knew what you were doing. And that brings up the subject of Elidonography. It's a large and trackless world, but unless your quest is imbued with a certain intelligence, it's doomed

to failure. Although elves would never stoop to such human artifice, a map jot ted down on a scrap of paper might not go amiss. (But then again, it might.) New passages are constantly opening and closing: Only an elfin lightness of spirit will prevail in this twisting, shift ing world. However, energy conservation and

geography are the least of your prob lems. You don't know what you're looking for or how to find it. There are no clues in EUdon's documentation— it's a puzzle, a mystery wilhout the cus60

COMPUTE!* Gazette

May 1986

good hand-eye coordination won't earn

the master disk. It's even possible to set

up your own scenerios with up to 12 participants after you become familiar with the game. You'll enjoy it most by beginning with one of the preprogrammed scenar ios. Select "Their Finest Hour" and par

ticipate in the Battle of Britain, the struggle for domination of the air over the English Channel.

In "Enemy Coast Ahead," you'll be involved in the strikes by the RAF Bomber Command against Germany. The last choice is "Piercing the Reich," as the 8th Air Force hammers

the final blows against the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Berlin. You may select to serve as the commarder-in-chief of either the Allied

If and when you tire of the includ

ed scenarios, you can modify them or create your own by using the Create op tion and the Game Design Kit. You can

design a totally new map, use any of the 24 different aircraft types available, assign up to 255 squadrons to 127 airbases, define 63 centers of population,

communication, industry, and port fa cilities, add 63 radar stations, 63 ship ping lanes, 63 flak units, create your

own weather patterns, define a national doctrine, and much more. What would have happened dur ing the Battle of Britain if the Luftwaffe had a four-engined Heavy bomber

available? Here's a chance to find out.

CSM

Software, In*

(219) 663-4335 P.O. BOX 563, CROWN POINT, IN 46307 Shipping- S3.50 most items

Visa & MasterCard Accepted

|Foreign shipping extra)

SNAPSHOT 64 SNAPSHOT 64 is a unrque and exciting utility that virtually takes a picture of your computer's memory SNAPSHOT 64 then saves that 'snapshot' to disk and automatically creates an auro-boot loader (or the program.

Once saved to disk the pragiam may De restarted an he exact same point at which it was interrupted MOST EFFECTIVE UTILITY OF ITS KIND - EVEN MORE EFFECTIVE THAN THOSE UTILITIES THAT CLAIM TO 'COPY ALL MEMORYRESIDENT SOFTWARE-

Dealer Inquiries Invited

7 541 DISK DRIVE ALIGNMENT PROGRAM VERSION 2.0 Still (fie bestl No special tools or knowledge are required to properly align the 1541 disk drive [although average mechanical ability is required! Thousands already in use.

See the review m iheOct 1984 Computers Gazette Also reviewed in Ahoy ana Pun.

$44.95 plus shipping Updates available to prior purchasers

$ 20.00 plus shipping

INVISIBLE TO SOFTWARE - CANNOT BE DETECTED SNAPSHOT FILES RUN BY THEMSELVES - THE BACKUP COPY WILL RUN AS-IS. WITHOUT THE SNAPSHOT CARTRIDGE WORKS MUCH FASTER THAN OTHER SIMILAR UTILITIES EASY TO USE - NO COMPLICATED INSTRUCTIONS - EVEN A CHILD CAN DO IT SNAPSHOT FILES ARE COMPATIBLE WITH FAST LOAD UTILITIES SNAPSHOT FILES WILL LOAD FROM ALL COMMODORE COMPATIBLE DISK DRIVES STORE MANY DIFFERENT SNAPSHOTed FILES ON A SINGLE DISK

FULLY SELF-CONTAINED ON CARTRIDGE - NO DISK TO HASSLE WITH COMPLETE AND THOROUGH MANUAL IS INCLUDED

THE SOURCE GENERATOR The Source Generator is an advanced programming utility that will produce

code from programs in memory or directly from a disk. Imagine being sbte to take any ML program and convert it to true source code, complete with I able s an$ cross reference table, DISASSEMBLES ALL UNDOCUMENTED OPCODES DISASSEMBLES 6502. 6510. 65CO2. 6S II S B5O2 OPCODES HANDLES EXTENDED ZERO PAGE ADDRESSING PROPERLY PRODUCES FILES COMPATIBLE WITH CBM. PAL AND MAE ASSEMBLERS ALLOWS USER TO DEFINE LABELS AND SYMBOL TABLE OR USE STANDARD KERNAL LABELS WORKS FROM DISK OR MEMORY NOT COPY PROTECTED

COMPATIBLE WITH C64 & CI28 |IN C64 MODE)

DESIGNED FOR SERIOUS USERS

SOLD FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY

A TRUE SYMBOLIC DISASSEMBLER WRITTEN IN ML

FAST AND EASY TO USE. NO COMPLICATED INSTRUCTIONS

$49.95 plus shipping

COMPATIBLE WITH DOS WEDGE AND MOST ML MONITORS

$34.95 plus shipping

EPROM PROGRAMMERS HANDBOOK The EPROM PROGRAMMERS HANDBOOK was written with the average user in mind Important concepts are covered in a readable, informative manner But the HANDBOOK is much more than theory Many useful programs are included on the accompanying diskette. Topics include

PROGRAM PROTECTION MANUAL FOR THE C-64 VOLUME I This is the original protection manual. Covers Cad Clocks. BASIC and ML pro tection schemes, reset and cartridge switches and much more Program disk is included, with many helpful programs. If you arejust getting into program protection, this volume is required reading

PROGRAMMING EPROMS - EXAMPLES AND TIPS CARTRIDGE TYPES - ALL STANDARD TYPES COVERED PROTECTING CARTRIDGES - MANY VALUABLE TECHNIQUES C128 CARTRIDGES - THEORY PLUS EXAMPLE MENU MAKER - PUT 10 PROGRAMS ON A CARTRIDGE WITH MENU MODIFYING THE KERNAL - ADD THE DOS WEDGE AND MORE MODIFYING THE DOS - ADD COMMANDS. DISABLE "BUMP"

APPENDICES AND DATA SHEETS - USEFUL TABLES OVER 150 PAGES - DISKETTE INCLUDED

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THE C-64

VOLUME II

Not just a thrrd edition — a new and up-to-date manual covering the latest

advances in prog/am protection. Over 275 pages of valuable information The most advanced manual written on program protection for the C-64. A disk is included to help explain [he concepts

$34.95 plus shipping CARTRIDGE BACKER II Just updated! New auto-parameter version archives many more cartridges and disks Saves cartridges to disk with an autoDoot. Cartridge backups run

PROMENADE EPROM PROGRAMMER

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Discover the thrill of y

with COMPUTE! Books'

40 Great Flight Simulator Adventures •Maneuver around the towers of the Vtorld Trade Center. •Sightsee the Hudson River. •Practice night flying and aerobatics.

40 Great Flight Simulator Adventures

40 GREAT FLIGHT SIMULATOR ADVENTURES

Charles Gullck

Forty exciting, customized flight simulator scenarios pat you in the pilot's seat as you fly over bridges, around skyscrapers, and land at mysterious airports. Flight Simulator (IBM PC) and Flight Simu lator II (Apple I!. Commodore 64, Atari) are two of the most popu lar games/simulations for personal computers. With this book, you

can experience flight adventures from the moment you load the program. Parameters set up each flight and a running commentary describes what you'll see (and where to look to see It), Ranging from the simple and straightforward to the advanced and even mystical, these 40 flights will open a new dimension to an already outstanding program. 89.95

ISBN 0-87455-022-X

VJ..1J 10U1 ill ins itrDtonyxKO nght ttjfiti

rKfi

Note: Flight Simulator from Microsoft Corporation and Flight Simulator II

* m

from Sublogtc Corp. are required In order to use this book. The book Is designed lo enhance the programs. - cowum isou

copies of 40 Great Flight Simulator Adventures at S9.95 each.

Please send me (ISBN No. 0-87455-022-X)

All orders must be prepaid In U.S. funds. Subtotal

To order this exciting adventure guide, mail

NC residents add 4.5% tax

the attached coupon with your payment to

52,00 shipping and handling

COMPUTE! Books, P.O. Box 5038,

charge per book.

F.D.R. Station, Mew York, My 10150. Or call toll free 1-800-34&6767 (in NY 212-887-8525.)

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COMPUTEI books are available in the (J.K.. Europe, the Middle East, and Africa from Holt Saunders. Ltd.. 1 St. Anne's Road.

Eastbourne, East Sussex BN21 3UN, England.

Fly Waster and Farther with COMPUTE!'s

40 More Great Flight Simulator Adventures This follow-up to the popular 40 Great Flight Simulator

Adventures brings you 40 more exciting, suspenseful

flight simulator scenarios to help you get the most enjoyment from your Flight Simulator or Flight Simu lator II software.

40 More Great Flight Simulator Adventures

if GREAT LIGHT SIMULATOR ADVENTURES

Charles Gulick Microsoft's Flight Simulator (IBM PCI and Subloglc's Flight Simulator II (Ap ple II, Commodore 64, Atari) are two of the most popular software pack

ages today. They put you in the pilot's seat, letting you experience the

thrill of flight. Now, 40 More Great Flight Simulator Adventures, the sec

ond such guide, brings you more dazzling flights drawn from both fact and fancy. Now you can fly where no one has flown before, with the author as

your flight instructor. He helps you explore the unknown regions of flight simulation—taking you through cities, over mountains, under bridges—as you explore America from the air. Complete parameters and instructions

at each step make flight easier and more exciting than ever before.

AyWn (too. "ITI-ht.i

IdoIi

59.95

ISBN 0-87455-043-2

Note: The Flight Simulator program itself is not included and must be pur chased separately.

]■

To order any COMPUTE! book, call toll free 800-346-6767 (In NY 212-887-8525). Or mall In the attached coupon with your payment. Include $2.00 shipping and handling per book.

I™

copies of 40 More Great Flight Simulator Adventures at S9.95 each.

Please send me

(ISBN 0-87455-043-2J

All orders must be prepaid In U.S. funds. Subtotal

NC residents add 4.5% sales tax _

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$2.00 shipping and handling per book

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(S5.00 per book airmail!

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COMPUTE! Publicationsjnc® Port o' A6C Cc^u'^B' '-"aoa^si '^c ^^^r Port o' A6C

On« OT Th* ABC «25 7th Avvn^

ftmo Compan *i

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Keycode: 36504312

COMPUTE! books are available in the U.K., Europe, the Middle East, and Africa from Holt Saunders, Ltd., I St. Anne's Road, Eastbourne, East Sussex BN21 3UN, Eng

land and in Canada from McGraw-Hil!, Ryerson Ltd., 330 Progress Ave.. Scarborough, Ontario, Canada MIP 2Z5.

As with the game itself, you create

mediately with the Commodore MPS-

your own scenario through a series of menus. A detailed, easy-to-understand

801 printer (and MPS-803, although this printer is not mentioned in the on

design manual is included with the

package. Creating your own scenario isn't difficult, but it's best to play those included on the master disk for a while to get the feel of the game. —George Miller Strategic Studies Croup 1747 Orleans Ct. Walnut Creek, CA 94598 or

Ground Floor, 336 Pitt St.

Sydney, Australia 2000 Distributed by Electronic Arts 2755 Campus Dr. San Mateo, CA 94403 S49.95 (disk)

Commodore 64 allows you to design and print out your own paper airplanes.

screen documentation), or by a simple

Or you may print out any of the designs of award-winning paper airplanes in

menu change, it works with the MP5-

cluded on the disk, fold on the dotted

802, 1525, or 1526 printer. By following a short series of onscreen directions and consulting your printer manual, Ski Writer can easily be configured to sup port any printer working with any

lines, and launch your own paper air force. Many of the airplane designs on the disk are winners of The First Inter national Paper Airplane Competition,

interface. You can even take advantage

zine in 1966-67.

of your printer's special features, such as boldface or italics printing. By the time you read this, Master -

First introduced at the 1985 Sum mer Consumer Electronics Show in a version for the Macintosh, The Great In

tronic will also have a Commodore 128

ternational Paper Airplane Construction

SkiWriter available that takes advantage of the 128's80-columns and extra mem ory, for a comparably low price. Even if

designs for everything from a biplane to the Space Shuttle, plus other designs to

sponsored by Scientific American maga

Kit includes a disk with the program,

you're currently using another word processor, SkiWriter's power, ease of use,

customize your creations. In order to

and price make it a genuine bargain.

planes, you'll need a Koala Pad or simi lar graphics tablet and a paint program, although the ready-made designs on

Mastertronic International, Inc.

7311B Grove Road Frederick, MD 2\7O\

design and customize your paper air

the disk can be used with just your 64, a

$15 (disk)

disk drive, and most Commodore-

Firebird's "Flippies"

Simon and Schuster, Inc.

Superb graphics, interesting game play, and budget prices combine to create a choice series of computer entertain ment packages from Firebird Software for Commodore 64 and 128 users. Fire

New York, NY 10020 $29.95

compatible printers.

SkiWriter More than a year and a half ago, Ken Skier created a software package that was half word processor and half tele communications program, called SkiWriter 11. The $69.95 program, originally marketed by Prentice-Hall Home Software, went into limbo when Prentice-Hall withdrew from the home software market. Now, however, Mas-

tertronic has released the SkiWriter word processor, without telecommuni cations program, for $15.

Those familiar with the original

SkiWriter Will remember that the pro

gram is menu-driven, easy to use, and

contains all of the features you'd expect

from a good word processor. The Main

Menu offers you a list of options: Edit, Preview, Print, File, and Quit. The fl function key provides a help menu with options for new users, typing/editing, formatting, previewing, printing, cas sette filing, and disk filing. SkiWriter's ease of use and the many help screens

eliminate the need for an extensive manual; a three-page introduction sheet will get you started immediately. Also provided in the package are two

bird's "Silver Series" games, all of which have been bestsellers in the United Kingdom, have been repack aged for U.S. distribution. The best part

of the deal is that two games are placed on each disk (one game on either side of the floppy, or "flippy"), with the result

ing package priced at only $19,95—in other words, $10 per game. Packages in the series that are cur

rently available now include; Underzvurlde and Sabre Wuif, three-

dimensional graphics adventures—both on one disk. Booty, an arcade type game, is combined with Cyiu, another adven

ture with 3-D graphics. Finally Willow Pattern, a graphics adventure, is teamed with Chimera, a 3-D graphic adventure. All of the products feature graphics as near arcade quality as any we've seen for a home computer, and excellent use

of sound. It's easy to see why these

Ramsey, NJ 07446

Price: S19.95 per disk (two games per disk!

Paper Airplane

Construction Kit

onscreen underlining; line justification;

If you're looking for something com pletely different, this package might just be for you. The Great International Paper Airplane Construction Kit for the

May 1986

four enticing environments: the African grasslands, the Atlantic Ocean, a North American forest, and a barnyard. With in each environment there are land, wa ter, sky, an animated Grover, and a

wide variety of animals and natural ob jects to choose from. As each animal or object appears on the screen, its name is printed be neath it. Using the joystick and an easyto-read template which fits over the

function keys, the animals and objects can be placed within the environment.

If an animal is placed in an inappropri ate place—say, a giraffe in a tree—it

of Grover's Animal Adventures is its ani

Standard features include auto matic word wrap; auto reformatting;

COMPUTE!'! Gazette

Animal Adventures, a new game for children ages four to six, from CBS Soft ware. The game begins with a choice of

Firebird Licensees, Inc. P.O. Bo* 43

mode).

Grover steps out of Sesame Street and

into the colorful outdoors in Grover's

will blink until it's moved. Perhaps the most charming feature

The Great International

block copying, moving, and deleting; and much more. SkiWriter is configured to work im-

Grovels Animal Adventures

games have been so popular abroad.

function key overlays, one for the 64 and one for the 128 (to be used in 64

1230 Avenue of the Americas

mation. Each animal has a unique way of walking, swimming, or flying across the screen. Grover can be walked around as well. Grover's Animal Adven tures should meet with success among preschoolers in that it teaches animal

classification and word recognition in a playful, visually appealing, and com

pletely non-competitive way. CBS Interactive Learning One Fawcett Place

Greenwich, CT 06836 $14.95 (disk)

BRADY adds more power to your Commodore Nobody understands how to get the most out of Commodore computers— without having to add more machine—better than Brady Books. And now you can too. Call toll-free or use the coupon below to order today.

Machine* language

Jim Ruilcrfk-kl

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eiecuiff prog ram t and includes ■xercftes to

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PRICE BREAKTHROUGH! Custom Commodore Chips for vic-20, c-64 and c-120 PCs Prlc*

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A Guide To Commodore User Groups Part 1 ]oan Rouleau This user group guide continues next month with Part 2 (states N-W and countries outside the U.S.). When writing to a user group for information, please remember to enclose a stamped, self-addressed

envelope. User groups are listed within each state by zip code in ascending order.

Canyon De Chelly-Four Corners Users Group,

ALABAMA Commodore Club South, Inc., P.O. Box 324,

Birmingham, AL 35126 Birmingham Commodore Computer Club, Box 59564. Birmingham, AL 35259 Crimson Tide Users Group (CTUG), 3722 Si. E, Tuscaloosa. AL 35405 Valley Commodore Users Group (VCUG), Box 835, Decaiur, AL 35602-0835 Shoals Commodore User Group, 114 Van Dr., Florence, AL 35630

P.O. 37th P.O. Fleet

Scotlsboro Commodore 64 Users Group, Rt. 5, Box 255, Scottsboro, AL 35768

Hunlsville Alabama Commodore Komputer

Society (HACKS), P.O. Box 14356. Hunlsville, AL 35815 Sequoyah Users Group (BUG), 2301 Godfrey Ave. NE, Lot 4, Ft Payne. AL 359,67 Montgomery Area Commodore (Computer Society (MACKS), P.O. Box 210126. Montgomery, AL 36121-0126 East Alabama Users' Group. P.O. Bo* 349, Jacksonville, AL 36265 WireGrass Micro-Computer Society, 104 Riugedale Dr., Dothan AL 36301; or. 109 Key Bend Rd,, Enterprise, AL 36301 Amiga/Commodore Club of Mobile, 3868-H Rue Maison, Mobile, AL 36606

ALASKA Anchorage Commodore Users, P.O.Box 104615, Anchorage, AK 99510-4615 99708

Latitude 64. P.O. Box 80587, Fairbanks, AK 99708 Sitka Commodore User's Group, P.O. Box 2204, Silka, AK 99835

First Cily Ultra Group, Box 6002, Ketchikan, AK 99901

ARIZONA The Slone 64 Users Group, P.O. Box 301. Reyno, AZ 72462

The Unknown Users, P.O. Box 1471, Phoenix, AZ S5001

Commodore User Group of Arizona, P.O. Box 21291. Phoenix, AZ 85036 Arizona VIC and 64 Users, 904 W. Marlboro Circle, Chandler, AZ 85224 COmmodore Users Group of ARizona {COUGAR Inc.), 1820 W. Village Way, Tempe, AZ 85282 Gila Hackers, Route 1, Box 34, Globe, AZ 85501 Catallna Commodore Computer Club, Inc, P.O. Box 32548, Tucson, AZ 85751 1'resrott Area Commodore Club, 1631 N.

Canficld Ave., Chino Valley, AZ 86323

c/o Caluniet Consulting, Box 1945, Chinle, AZ 86503

ARKANSAS Commodore Computer Club of Pine Bluff, P.O. Box 1083, Pine Bluff, AR 71603

The Southwest Arkansas Commodore Users Group, 404 S. Greening St., Hope, AR 71801

Conway County Computer Users Group, Rt. 2, Box 69, Morrillon, AR 72110

River City Commodore Club, P.O. Box 4298. N. Little Rock, AH 7211ft Arkansas 64 Trading Post, P.O. Box 135, BigRers, AR 72413

The Personal Touch Commodore User Group of Hoxlc and Walnut Ridge, 503 Kaylynn Dr., Walnui Ridge, AR 72476 Harrison Users Group, Rt, 1, Box 15, Harrison, AR 72601 Fayetteville Commodore User's Group, P.O. Box 931,Gravgite, AR 72736

Russellviilc Commodore Users Group, P.O. Box 1327, Russdlvilh', AR 72801 Ark-La-Tex Commodore Ustrs Exchange (CUE),

P.O. Box 6473, Tcxarkana, AR-TX 75503

CALIFORNIA Hollywood Commodore 64 User Group, 733 N. Ridgewood Place, Hollywood. CA 90038

South Bay Commodore Users Group (SBCUG) (suburban L.A.), P.O. Box 356, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266

Commodore 64 Weil Users Club (West L.A. ind Sanla Monica), P.O. Box 406, Santa Monica, CA 90406-0406

Power Surge, 7660 Western Avo., Buena Park, CA 90620 West Orange County Commodore Users Group, P.O. Box 6441, Buena Park, CA 90622

CLUB64, P.O. Box 3116, Bellflower, CA 90706 Commodore Helpers, 3736 Myrtle Ave., Long Beach, CA 9080?

Pasadena Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 1163, Arcadia, CA 910O6

Llbrascopc Computer Club, 833 Sonora Ave., Clendale. CA 91201 West Valley Commodore Users Group, President, 23455 Justice Si., Canoga Park, CA 91306

San Fernando Valley Commodore User Group

(SFVCUG). 21208 Nashville, Cha Isworth, CA

91311 Cal Poly Commodore Users' Group, 14617 1/2 Ramona Blvd., Baldwin Park, CA 91706

California Area Commodore Terminal User Society (CACTUS). P.O. Box 1277. Alta Loma, CA 91701

South Bay Commodore 64 Users Group, P.O. Box

1899, Chula Vista, CA 92012-1899 Oceana-64 Commodore User Group, 1004 Plover Way, Oceanside, CA 92056 Back-Country Commodore Club, 617 16th St., Ramona, CA 92065

General Dynamics Commodore Computer Club, Ceneral Dynamics/ Electronics Division, P.O.

Box B531O, MZ7134G, San Diego, CA 92138-5310 San Diego Commodore Users Group, P.O. Box 86531, San Diego, CA 92138

Lowest Users Group in the United States (LUGITUS), 650 S. Imperial Ave., Brawley, CA 92227 San Bernardino Commodore 64 Club, P.O. Box 514, Patlon, CA 92369-0514

Commodore User Group, 24285 Sunnymead

Blvd., =157, Sunny-mead, CA 92388 C-TUG Orange County, c/o Syntax Error, P.O. Box 8051, Orange, CA 92664 South Orange County User Group, 2314 Monte Crislo, S.m Clemc-nte, CA 92672 Soulhern Orange County Commodore

(Computer Services Group (SOCCKS), The

Wizard's Exchange, 26421 Avenida Deseo, Mission Viejo, CA 92691 The 2D/64 Group, 2170 W. Broadway, Suite 579, Anaheim, CA 92804-2446 64/20 Club, 6464 Shearwater Si., Ventura, CA 93003 C1V1C64. c/o Box 667, Camarillo, CA 93011

Civic64 User Group, P.O. Box 2442, Oxnard, CA 93034-2442

A BakersIIeld Area Commodore Users Society

(ABACUS), 3101 Oakridgc Dr., Bakersfickl, CA 93306

Cal Poly Commodore Computer Users Group,

Activities Planning Center, Box 121, California

Polytechnic State University, San Luis Ohispo,

CA 93407

San Luis Obispo Commodore Computer Club, 1766 9th St., Los Osos, CA 93402 Simply Users of Computers Combining Experience for Strength and Success. 301 Veronica Dr., Paso Robles, CA 93446

Central Coast Commodore Users Group, 4237 Plumeria CL, Santa Maria, CA 93455 Madera Users Group (MUG), P.O. Box 763, Mad era, CA 93639 FCUG/SixtyFourum, P.O. Box 16098, Fresno, CA 93755 PLUG (Plus/4 Users' Group), Box 1001, Monterey, CA 93942

COMPUTE!* Gazerro

May 19B6

Monterey Peninsula Commodore Group, P.O. Box 2105, Seaside, CA 93955 First Amiga User Group, 549 Old County Rd.r San Carlos, CA 91070

Hartford County Commodore Users Croup, Inc.,

P.O. Box 8553, East Hartford, CT 06108

Peninsula Commodore User Group, 549 Old

Millstone Users Croup-C64, NNECO Tmg. Bldg., Bo* 126, Waterford, CT 06385

Lowell High School Commodore 64 Users'

Interface 64, Plains Rd,, Haddam, CT 06438

County Rd., San Carlos, CA 94070

Group, 2206-26th AVB., San Francisco, CA San Francisco Commodore Users Group, 278 27lh Ave. #103, San Francisco, CA 94121

V1SIONS-H, P.O. Do< 26638, San Francisco, CA 94126

PET-On-The-Air, 525 Crestlake Dr., San Francisco, CA 94132 Concord Area Commodore Enthusiasts '■ V i • 4861 Boner Blvd., Concord, CA 94521 Diablo Villey Commodore User Group, I'.O. Box 27155, Concord, CA 94527 DUG {Danville User Group). 185 Front St., Suite

106, Danville, CA 94526 Fremont, Union City, Newark, Hay ward Users Group (FUNHUC), 36015 Pizarro Dr., Fremont,

CA 94536 Sphinx Commodore Users Group, 22091 Young Ave., Casiro Valley, CA 94546 Amiga & Commodore Computer Enthusiasts Society (ACCESS), 5870 Singing Hills. Ave., Livermore, CA 94550 Napa Valley Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 2324, Napa, CA 94558

Pleasanton User Croup (PUC), 3120 Cranwood Ct., Pleasanton, CA 94566

Marin Commodore Computer Club, 665 Las Colindas Rd., San Rslael, CA 94903 Commodore Owners of Petaluma (COOP), P.O.

Box 5054, Petaluma, CA 94953

PUG of the Silicon Valley, 22355 R.lncho Ventura St., Cupertino, CA 95014 Commodore Users Group of Santa Crui, P.O.

Box 8068, Santa Cruz, CA 95061-8068 Commodore Twenty/Sixty-Four User Group, P.O. Box 26811, San Jose, CA 95159-6811 Stockton Commodore User's Group, 2929

Calariva Dr., Stockton, CA 95204 Valley Computer Club, P.O. Box 310, Denair, CA 95316

The Central California Commodore Computer Club (C-5K 3440 Dr Anza Ave,, Merced, CA 95310

Santa Rosa Commodore 61 User Group, 333 E, Roblrt Ave.. Sanla Rosa, CA 95407-7971

Amateurs and Arteslans Computing, P.O. Box 682, c/o Alex KR6C, Cobb Mountain, CA 95426

Computer Users Group of Ukiah (CUGU), 9500 West Rd., Potter Valley, CA 95469

Auburn Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box

4270, Auburn, CA 95604

Falrfleld Commodore User's Croup, 200

Cambridge Dr., Vacavllle, CA 95688 Vacavllle Commodore Users Croup (VCUG), 530 Burlington Dr., Vacaville, CA 95688 High Sierra 20/61. P.O. Box 8110, S. Lake Tahoe, CA 95731

Sacramento Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 13393, Sacramemo, CA 95813-3393

North Valley Commodore User's Group, P.O. Box 1925, Chico, CA 95927

Quentin SI,, Aurora, CO 80012 Colorado Commodore Computer Club, 64 Mountain Shadows Lane, Castle Rock. CO 80104

Commodore Condor Club, 1680 Lewis St., Lakewood, CO 80215 VDUG Users Group, 326 Emery Dr., Longmont. CO 80501

Ft Collins C\ 1625 Centennial Rd., Ft. Collins, CO 30525

The Commodore Club, 4058 Baytoivn Dr, Colorado Springs. CO 80916

The Local Folks Computer Club. 1653-130 Rd., Glen wood Springs, CO 81601 Rocky Mountain Commodore Club. P.O. Box 377, Aspen, CO 81612

CONNECTICUT Hristol Commodore Users Group IBCUG), 3B Mint- Rd., Burlington, CT 06013 COMPUTEIs Gazette

Computer Users Group, 6 Saner Hd., Marlborough, CT 06447 Greater New Haven Commodore User Croup, P.O. Bo« 796, North Haven, CT D6473 Commodore 64 User Group, 1070 S. Colony Rd., Wai ling lord, CT 06492 Commodore Users Group of Stratford, P.O. Box 1213, Stratford, CT 06497 The Naugatuck Valley Commodore Users Group, 28 Ray St., Waterbury, CT 06708

Fairfield County Commodore User Group, P.O. Bo» 212, Danbury, CT 06810 Stamford Area Commodore Society (SACS), P.O. Box 2122, Stamford, CT 06906-0122

May 1986

Bits and Bytes Computer Club, 1859 Neplune Dr., Englewood, FL 33533

Suncoast Bytes Commodore Computer Club, 801 Pine St., New Port Richey, FL 33552

C.I.P.E. 64/128 Commodore User Group, 730 Pincherry Ln., Port Rkhey, FL 33568 Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 21138. St. Petersburg, FL 33742

Chips User Croup, P.O. Box 142, Avon Park, FL 33825

Commodore Users Group of SW Florida, P.O.

Box 6399, Ft. Myers, FL 33911 Charlotte County Commodore Club (CCCC),

P.O. Box 512103, Puma Corda, FL 33951-2103 SUNCOAST 64s, P.O. Box 6628, Ozona, FL 34265-6628 Gulf Coast Computer Club, P.O. Box 1104, Port Richey, FL3428B-1104 Ram Rom 84, P.O. Box 1369, Englewood, FL 34295-1369

CIlORCIA

DI-I.AWARK Newark Commodore Users Group INCUG}, 210

Clayton County C-64 Users Group, 6379 Bimini

Durso Dr., Newark, DE 19711 The Brandywine Users Group (BUG), 157 Stan Rd., Newark, DE 19711

Griffin Commodore Program Exchange (GCPE),

Dr., Forts! Park GA 30O5O

1820 Hallmark Dr., Griffin, GA 30223

Tri-Slate User Group, 2312 Carpenter Rd.,

Stone Mountain Users Group (SMUG 64/128), P.O. Box 1762, Ulbum, GA 30247

Diamond State User Group, Box 892. Rt. 2, Fc-lton, DE 19943 Lower Delaware Commodore Computer Club (LDCCC), P.O Box 882, Rehoboth Beach, DE 19971

CCC64UG, P.O, Box 842, Morrow, GA 30260 Covinglon C-64 User Group, P.O. Box 642, Oxford, GA 30267

Wilmington, DE 19B10

DISTRICT OF COLUM1SIA NAVA1R Commodore User Group, Naval Air Sys Command Re<. Assn., Washington, DC 20361 Navy Micro User Group, c/o Clyde Williams.

NAVDAC CODE 91, Washington,' DC 20374

Edison Commodore User Group, Naval Research Lab., Code 7754, Washington, DC 20735

I IOKIDA Public Domain Users Group, P.O. Box 1442, Orange Park, FL 32067 Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 60514, Jacksonville, FL 32236-0514 Commodore Users Group at Tallahassee, P.Or Bok 14015, Tallahassee, FL 32317 Bay Commodore Users' Group, P.O. Box 3187, Panama City, FL 32401

Commodore Users Croup of Pensacola, P.O. Box 3533, I'ensacola. FL 32516

The Commodore Advantage, P.O. Box Pensacola, FL 32523

Commodore's Telecommunications Useis

Group (CTUG), P.O. Box 143, Glenwood, GA 30428

North East Georgia Commodore User Group, Rt. 2, Box 226, Oakwood, GA 30566

Athens Commodore Users Group, 170 Old Fort Rd., Athens, GA 30606 Athens Commodore Enthusiasts (ACE), 130 St.

James Dr., Athens, GA 30606 C-64 Friendly Users Group, 2410 Hog Mountain Rd., Walkinsvillc, CA 30677

Commodore Club o! Augusta, P.O. Box 14337, Augusta, GA 30919

Middle Georgia Commodore User Group, 214

Angus Blvd., Warner Robins, CA 31093 Commodore Craze International, 1284 Lynn Dr., Waycross, GA 31501

HAWAII 20/64 Hawaii, f.O. Bo« 23260, Honolulu, HI 96822; or 98-351 Koauka Loop, Apt. 1207, Aiea, HI 96701

18490,

Makai Commodore User Group (MCUG), P.O.

Fort Walton Beach Commodore Users Group,

Commodore Hawaii User's Group (CHUG), 1114 Punahou #8A, Honolulu, Hi 96826

P.O. Box 3, Shalimar, FL 32579 Gainesville Commodore Users Group, Santa Fe Community College. P.O. Drawer 1530, Gainesville, Ft. 32602 Gainesville Commodore User Group, P.O. Box 14716, Gainesville, FL 32604-4716

Citrus Co. Commodore Users Croup. P.O. Box 503, Beverly Hills, FL 33665

Tri-County Commodore Users Group, P.O. Box 1151, Ocala, FL 32678 Lake Sumter Commodore Users Group (LSCUG), P.O. Box 416, Leesburg, FL 32748

Lake County Commodore Club, P.O. Box 326,

COIORAIX) Colorado Pet Users Group (CPUC), 676 S.

Capital Region Commodore Computer Club (CRCCC), P.O. Box 2372, Vernon, CT 06066

Tavares, FL 32778 Tltusvlllc Commodore Club, 890 Alford St., Titusville, FL 32796

61 Society, 4071 Edgewater Dr., Orlando, FL 32804

The Central Florida Commodore User's Club, Inc., P.O. Box 7326, Orlando, FL 32854 El Shift OH, P.O. 361348, Melbourne, FL 329361348

Miami 64 User Group, P.O. Box 561689, Miami, FL 33256 Gold Coast Commodore Group (CCCG). P.O. Box 375, Di'trficld Beach, FL 33441

Mana Sola Commodore Users Gioup (MSCUG), 916 E, 35th Ave, Bradenton, FL 33508

Brandon Users Croup, P.O. Box 351, Brandon, FL 33511 Commodore Brooksville User Group (C'BUC), P.O. Box 1261, Brooksville, FL 33512

Clcarwaler Commodore Club, P.O. Box 11211, Clcarw.iter, FL 33516

Box 6381, Honolulu, HI 96818

in Ann The ill.ii i him Users Group (BUG), 760 Janet Sr., Blackfoot, ID 83221

Caribou Commodore Club, P.O. Box 535, Soda Springs, ID 83276 Mini-Cassia Computer Club, 2043 Vale Ave,, Burley, ID 83318

Besl Western User Group (BWUG), Rt. 2, Box 285,

Rupert, ID 83350 User Group of Lower Idaho (UGLI), Rt. 4, Box 67,

Rupert, ID 83350 Eagle Rock Commodore Computer Club, P.O.

Don 3BB4, Idaho Falls, ID 834(13-3884 Banana Bell Commodore Users Group (BBCUG),

P.O. Box 1272, Lewiston, ID 83501 GEM-64, Ken Rosecrans, 407 N. DeClark,

Emmett, ID 83617 64-BUG (Commodore-64 Boise User's Group), 597 Wickham Fen Way, Boise, ID 83709

The Commodore Corps of the Coeur d'Alenc

Computer Club (C-Fifth), P.O. Box 007,

Harrison, ID 83833

ILLINOIS McHenry County Commodore Club, 227 E,i-t Terra Cotta Ave., Crystal Lake, 1L 60014 Northwest Suburban Commodore User Group, 214 South Greenwood, Palatine, IL 60067

PET VIC Club (PVC), 892 Knollwood, Buffalo Grove, IL 60089

Fox Valley Commodore Users Group, 833 Prospect, Elgin, IL 60120

Computers-West, 440 N. Stewart, Lombard, 11. 60148

Over the Counter Users Group, 884! Forestvicw Rd., Evanston, 1L 60203 Commonwealth Edison Employees Commodore

U»ers' Croup, 1910 S. Briggs St., Joliet, IL 60133-9987

Computer Kickers of Illinois. 6B0D Powell. Downers Grove, 11. A05I6

Fox Valley 64 Useri Group. P.O. Box 28. North Aurora. II. 60542

Midwest C-64 Useis Group (MW64UG), P.O. Bos 421, Westmont, IL 60559

Chicago H-128 Users Group, 4102 N. Odell, Norridge, IL 60634

The Kankakee Hackers, RR = 1. Box 279, St. Anne, IL 60964 Knights o! the Round Table, 1724 Pierce Ave.,

Rockford, IL 61)03 Rockford Area Commodore Computer Club,

2507 Pelham Rd., KOCWnri iL 61107

Tri-Counly Commodore Users Group, P.O. Bos 564, Erie, IL 61250 Survivors of Sixty-four Users' Group (SOSUG), Dept. of English, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455 Western Illinois Commodore Users Group

(W1CUG), 906 W 6th Ave, Monmouth, IL 61462 Can I on Art a Commodore Users Group, Spoon River Collide, RR 1, Canton, IL !>1520

PAPUG (Peoria Area PET Users' Group), BOO SW Jefferson St., Peoria, IL 61605 Bloomington-Normal Commodore User Group (BNCUG), P.O. Box 1D5B, Bloomington, IL

61702 Champaign-Urbana Commodore User Group

(CUCUG), P.O. Box 716, Champaign, IL 61820 The 64 User Group of America, 51 Thomhill Dr., Danville. 11.61832

East Side Computer Club, P.O. Box 1347, Alton, IL 62002-1347

Gateway Computer Club, P.O. Box 207,

Belleville. IL 62222

Newton Commodore User Croup, 320 W. 9th St. S., Newton, IA 50208

Commodore Computer User Group of Iowa, P.O. Boi 3140, Des Moines, IA 50316

The John Deere Tractor Works Commodore Computer Compinionj, 7412 W. Bennington Rd., Cedar Falls. IA 50613 3C Users Group, 1008 Allison Si., Ch.irle* Ctiy, 1A 50616 Product Engineering Center Commodore Users

Group (PECCUG), 333 Joy Dr., Waterloo. IA 50701

Syntax Errors Anonymous Commodore User Group, R. R. Box 6845, Spirit Lake, IA 51360 Crawford County Commodore Users Croup, 519 N. 19th St., Denison, IA 51442 Iowa City Commodore Users Group (ICCUG). P.O. Box 2412, Iowa City. IA 52244 Washington Area Commndorc Users Group, P.O. Box 445, Washington, IA 52353 Pcnn City User Group, R,R. 1, Boi 390, Port Madi5on. IA 52627 The Commodore User's Group of Clinton. P.O. Bo> 743, Clinton, IA 52732

Quad Cities Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Bos 3994, Davenport, IA 52808

KANSAS Lawrence Commodore Users Group, P.O. Bon 2204, Lawrence, KS 66045

Topeka Commodore Users Group, Inc., 7939 S. Topeka Blvd., o39, Wakarusa, KS 66S46

Newton Area Commodore Club, 617 Lincoln. Sedgwick, KS 67135

Commodore User Group of Wichita Inc., P.O. Box 593, Wichita, KS 67201-0593

MAINE Maine Commodore 64 User Group, P.O. Box 542, Ogunquit, ME 03907 Your Commodore Users Group, Brunswick Chapter. 175 Columbia Ave.. Brunswick, ME 04011 Your Users Group <YUG). P.O. Box 1924, N.

Windham, ME 04062 Compumania. 81 North St., Saco. ME 04072 Southern Maine Commodore, P.O. Box 416. Scarborough, ME 04O74-O4I6

Your Commodore Users Group, IB Colony Rd., Weslbrook, ME OJ092 Southern Maine 64 Users Group, 9 Lynda Rd., Portland, ME 04103

COM-VICS, P.O. Box 1541. Auburn, ME 04210 Commodore Hackers Advanced Operating System (CHAOS), 750 Hancock Si., Rumford. ME 04276 Computer User Society of Penobscot, c/o 101 Crosby Hall, Universily of Mnine at Orono, Orono, ME 04469 Southern Aroostook Commodore User's Group (SACUG), P.O. Box 451, Houlton, ME 04730

MARYLAND C.C.C.C, Rt. 2, Box 197, Pomfret. MD 20675 Southern Maryland Commodore Computer

Users Croup (SMCUG), 4115 CUMll Blvd., Pr. Frederick. MD 20678 Federation of Commodore User Societies, Inc.

(FOCUS DC/MD/VA), P.O. Box 153,

Annapolis Junction, MD 20701 (Note: This is o

federation consisting of 15 user groups in the VA/MD/DZ area, not a dub offering individual memberships.!

Salt City Commodore Club, P.O. Box 2644, Hutchinson, KS 67504

Southern MD Commodore User Group. 6800 Kllamy St.. Clinton, MD 20735

High Plains Commodore Users Croup, 1307 Western Plain*. Hays, KS 67601

Hyatlsville Commodore User Group. 7209 Dartmouth Ave.. College Park. MD 20740

KENTUCKY

C-64 Users Croup FGGM, 7238-C Hall Si., Ft. Meade, MD 20755

Western Illinois PET User Group (WIPUG). Rt. 5. Box 75. Quincy, IL 62301

Gold City Users Group, P.O. Boi 257. Ft. Knoi. KY 40121

TriTech's Commodore Users Group, 1O100 Ormond Rd., Potomac, MD 20854

Southern Illinois Commodore User Club, 1707

Louisville Users of Commodore of Kentucky (LUCKY), P.O. Box 19032, Louisville, KY 40219-

West Montgomery County C-64 User Group, 8700 Hidden Hill Lane, Potomac, MD 20854

E. Main St., Olney, IL 62450 Decatm Commodore Computer Club (DC3), 664 W. Grand, Decalur, IL 62526 Jacksonville Area Commodore Users' Group, P.O. Box 135, Murrayville, IL 62668

SPUG Computer Club, 3 116 Concord, Springfield, II. 62704

Capitol City Commodore Computer Club (5 C's), P.O. Box 2961, Springfield, II. 6270S Chess Players' Commodore User Group, 723 Barton St., Ml. Vemon, IL 62864

Southern Illinois Commodore User Group, 508 W. Collins, CoMVlllB, IL 62939 Knox Commodore Club, 675 Arnold Si., Gnlesburg, IL The C-64 Users

Group Inc., P.O.

Box 46464,

Lincoln wood, IL

INDIANA Commodore Users Group of Rush County

(CUGOR), 829 N. Willow St., Rushvillc, IN 46173; or Box 22, Manilla, IN 46150

VIC Indy Club, P.O. Box 11543, Indianapolis, IN 46201 Northern Indiana Commodore Enthusiasts

(NICE). P.O. Bo* 95, Mishawaka, IN 46544 Fort Wayne Area Commodore Club, P.O. Bo< 13107, Fort Wayne, IN 46867 Logansport Commodore Club. 2329 Myers Lane, Logansport,IN 46947 Rochester Commodore Assembly. Rt. 3, Box 143, IN 46975 Columbus Commodore Club. 2676 Lafayette St., Columbus, IN 47201 Blooming!on Commodore Users Group (BCUG),

4755 Kinscr Pike, Bloominjston, IN 47401 Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 2332, Evnnwille, IN 47714

Western Indiana Commodore Users (WICU), P.O. Box 1H98, Tcrre Haute, IN 47808 Commodore Owners of Lafayette (COOL), P.O. Box 5763, Lafayutte, IN 47903 Capitol Complex Commodore Computer Club,

IJoi 58, Harliord, IA 50118

0032

Commodore Users' Group of Centnl Kentucky. 546 Halifax Dr., Lexington, KY 40503 Capital Clly Commodore Club (4-C). Rte. 8, Jones Lane, Frankfort, KY 40601 Pendlelon Commodore Organization (I'EN CO), R.K. 2. Box 36ft, Falmoulh, KY 41040

Bowling Green Commodore Users Croup, P.O. Box 20214, Bowling Green, KY 42102 Glasgow Commodore User's Group, P.O. Box 154, Glasgow. KY 42141 Logan County Commodore Users Club, P.O. Box 302, Lewisburg. KY 422S6

The Commodore Connection, 1010 S. Elm, Henderson, KY 41420 Commodore Users Group of Madlsonviile (CUGOM). P.O. Boi 849, Madisonville. KY 42431

LOUISIANA Commodore-Pet User Group (C-PUG). 2308 Houma Blvd., Apt, 724, Metairie, I.A 70001

Sixty Four'Um User Croup, 4317 Slockton St., Meiairie, LA 70001 Commodore PET User Group, 616 N. Niagara Circle, Gretna, LA 70053 Commodore Users Group of Slidell (CUGS). 1326 Sunset Dr., Slidell, LA 70460 Southwest Louisiana User's Group (SLUG), 99 Ann, Sulphur, LA 70663

64 Club of Baton Rouge, 8255 Florida Blvd. Suite 206, Baton Rouge, LA 70B06

Baton Rouge Area Commodore Enthusiasts (BRACE), P.O. Box 1422, Baton Rouge, LA 7DB21

Ark-La-Tex Commodore User Group, P.O. Box 6502, Shreveport, LA 71108 Worldwide Commodore User Croup, Ark-LaMiss Division, P.O. Box 371, Quilman, LA 7126E Northeast Louisiana Commodore User's Group, P.O. Box 175, Swartz. LA 71281 Zero-Page Commodore User Group, 1311 Peterman Dr.. Alexandria, LA 71301-3433

Rockville Commodore Users Group, P.O. Box 8305, Rockville, MD 20856

Galthersburg C-64 Users Group, P.O. Box 331, Washington Grove, MD 2OBB0

Montgomery County Commodore Computer Society, P.O. Box 2689, Silver Spring, MD 20902 VIC Appreciators (VICAP), 10260 New Hampshire Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20903 Compucats' Computer Club, 680 W. Bel Air Avt\, Aberdeen, MD 21001

Jumpers 64 User Group, 712 Snowden Ln., Glen Burnie, MD 21061

Commodore Computer Kids (for ages 7-100), 403 Avcry Cl., Joppa, MD 21085 Commodore Users Medium—Baltimore Area Computer Club (CUM-BACC). P.O. Box 479, Reisterslown, MD 21136-9998 BAYCUG, 110 Danbury Rd.. Reisierslown, MD 21136 CUM-BAC, P.O. Box 479, Reisterstown, MD 21136 Westinghouse Friendship Site Commodore

Users Group. Westinghouse Elec. Corp., P.O. Box 1897. Baltimore, MD 21203

Baltimore Area Commodore Users Croup (Bay-

CUG), 4605 VOGT Ave,, Baltimore, MD 21206 Randallstown Commodore User Croup, 3702 Durtey Ln.. Baltimore, MD 21207 Baltimore Commodore Users Group (BCUG). 402 Waverly Ave., Baltimore, MD 21225-3437 C-16 & Flus/4 Users Group, 8202 Edwill Ave., Baltimore, MD 21237 Hagerstown User Group (HUG), 23 Coventry Une, Hagerstoivn, MD 21740

Wicomlco Commodore Users Croup, 1306 Hamilton St., Salisbury, MD 21801

MASSACHUSETTS Pioneer Valley Commodore Club, 6 L.auri'1 Terrace, Westficld, MA 01085 The Commodore Connection, 132 N. Ridge Rd.. Weslfieki, MA 01085

Commodore 64 User Group of the Bcrkshires, 184 Highland Ave.. Pittsfield, MA 01201

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

Commodore COM-RADES, 269 Lincoln St., Worcester, MA 01605

Woilhington Commodore Computer Sociely, Rt. 2, Box 261, Worthington, MN 56187

Eastern Mass 20/64 Commodore 20 User Group, 6 Flags Rd- Marlboro, MA 01752 EM 20/64 User Group. 24 Cottage St., Sloneham, MA 01801

Redwood Fails Area Computer Exchange. 815 E.

* EXTENDS EQUIPMENT LIFE

MET-COMM 64/128 U«r Group, 2 Adams Ave., Saugus, MA 01906-2402

Heartland Area Computer Cooperative, Box V,

COMPUTERS

Fosboro Area Commodore Users Group, P.O. Bon 494, Mansfield, MA 02048

Central Minnesota Computer Users Group (CMCUG), 217 Riverside Avc. S, 5ariell, MN

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Downriver Commodore Group, 17029 Keppen, Allen Park. Ml 48101 University of Michigan Commodore User Group, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI

48109 B.H.S. Computer Club, Belleville High School. 501 W. Columbia, Belleville, Ml 48111 Commodore Computer Club of Monroe, P.O. Box 586, Monroe, Ml -18161

Soft-Type Users Group, 20231 Westmoreland, Detroit, Ml 48219 Northern Gene see County Commodore Users Group (NGCCUG), P.O. Box 250, Clio, Ml

and bundling

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MASSPET, P.O. Box 2S3, Taunton, MA 02780

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Boston Computer Society, One Center Plaza, Boston, MA 0210B Rockland Area Commodore User's Group, 254 East Water St., Rockland, MA 02370 Newport Computer Club (MA), c/o CBS, P.O. Bo» 389, Somerset, MA 02726

YOUR

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Crown Custom Covers 9606 SHELLYFIELD no.. Dcpl. A DOWNEY, CA 90240

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Commodore Users Group of Durand, MI, P.O. Box 1KB, Lennon, Ml 48449 Mld-Michlgan Commodore Club, 417 McEwan, Clare, Ml 48617

United Martial Artists Computer Club (UMACO, 1325 Shaffer Ct., Lansing, Ml 48917

Kalamaioo Valley Home Users Group. P.O. Box

30B5, Kalamazoo, MI 49003

Dciton Area User Group (DAUG), 11386 Letches Line, Delton, Ml 49046

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DAB Computer Club, P.O, Bo* 542, Watervliet, Ml 49098

Edwardsburg Commodore Users' Group (ECUG), P.O. Bo< 130, Edwardsburg, Ml 49112

Copper Country Computer Users Group, P.O.

Box 196, Dollar Bay, Ml 49923 O.C.U.G.. Box 342, Rockland, Ml 49960

MINNI-SOIA Club M, 256 16th St. NH, Owatonna. MN 55060 Metro-Area Commodore Computer Club, Box M, Mendota. MN 55150

E1P1BAHONOAIE .

Minnesota Commodore Users Association <MCUA). P.O. liox 22638, Rubbinsdale, MN

NAVE

55422

MinneComm 64, P.O. Box 24751, Minneapolis, MN 55424

. 2IP-

CHEATSHEET PRODUCTS INC.

POBo.111368

MS 39406-0076

Marlon County 64 Users Group, P.O. Box 709, Columbia, MS 39429 Commodore Biloxi User Group (ComBUG), 3004-2 Hwy. 90 E., Ocean Springs, MS 39564

Columbus Commodore 64 Club, 407 East

Gaywood, Columbus, MS 39702 Software Source, 4550 VV. Beach, Biloxi, MS

MISSOURI MOARK Commodore User Group, P.O. Box 504, Golden. MO 6565B

Commodore User Croup of Springfield (CUGOS), Box 607 Jewell Station, Springfield, MO 65801

The Commodore User Group of St. Louis, Inc..

P.O. Box 6653, St. Louis, MO 63125-0653 Association of Commodore User Groups (ACUG), 10378 Coburg Lands, St. Louis, MO 63137 Commodore Hannibal Area Users Group (CHUG), 3400 GiTonlmo, Hannibal, MO 63401 Commodore 64 User Group, 820 E. Line, Kirksville, MO 63501

C.B.U.G., 1925 Treasure Dr., Kennett, MO 63857 Northland Amateur Radio Association, 811 Lindenwood Lane, Liberty, MO 64068 Commodore Users Group of Warrensburg, P.O. Box 893, Warrensburg, MO 64093 Commodore User's Group of KC, Inc., P.O. Box 36492, Kansas City, MO M1 ] 1 Commodore User Group of St. Joseph, 2505 Shirley Dr., Si. Joseph, MO 64503 Joplin Commodore Computer User Group, 422 S. Florida Ave., Joplin, MO 64801 Carthage Commodore Computer Club, P.O. Box 842, Carthage, MO 64836 Commodore Users Club of the Ozarks, 211 N. Aurora, Eldon, MO 65026 Mid-Missouri Commodore Club, P.O. Box 7026, Columbia, MO 65205-7026

MONTANA Cascade County Users Group Inc., P.O. Box 739, Great Falls, MT 59403 m

Rd., Traverse City, Ml 49684

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of Polymer Science, S.S. Box 10076, Hatttesburg,

Traverse Area Commodore Club, 200 High Lake

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Van Buren Users' Croup (V-BUG), 50984 35 1/2 St., Maple Like, Paw Paw, Ml 49D79

Jackson Commodore Computer Club, 1203 Walnut, Jackson, MI 49203 Columbia Commodore Computer Club !C'I. 133 Emiist, Brooklyn, Ml 49230 West Michigan Commodores, 3317 Van Buren St., Hudsonvlllc, MI 49426 64 Trident Software Club, 7416 WcBtwood Dr., Jenison, MI 49428

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Biltle Creek Commodore ind VIC Enthusiasts, 1299 S. 24th, Battle Creek, Ml 49015

COMMODORE 128

MISSiSSII'l'l Commodore Computer Club, Southern Station,

Commodore Computer Club, 4106 Eastman Rd., Lansing Area Commodore Club, P.O. Bos 1065, East Lansing, Ml 48823-1065 The Commodore Club, 304 N. Kibber, St. Johns, Ml 48879

LEROY'S CHEATSHEET'

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Commodore Bemidji User Group, Rt. 3, Box 392, Bemidji, MN 56601

Northeast Missouri Commodore Users Group (NEMOCUG), P.O. Box 563, M.icon, MO 63552

Midland, Ml 48640

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Commodore Kids, 124 li. Maple St., Gladwin, Ml 48624

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Spring St., Redwood Falls, MN 56383 Minnesota Users of PET IMUPET), 3029 Santa Fe Trail, St. Cloud, MN 56301

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COMPUTED GAZETTE TOLL FREE Subscription Order Line 1-800-247-5470

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New Ways To Use Variables

If you've discovered a clever timesaving technique or a brief but effective programming shortcut,

The key to this line is knowing how a computer views true and false statements. If the expression

with variables. You could use

send it to "Hints & Tips," c/o COMPUTEl's GAZETTE. If we use it,

(A$ = "Y") is true, BASIC assigns it a

SID (3,AD),52: POKE SID (3,SR),

value of — 1. If not, it's given a value ofO.

131. It not on3y makes program

we'll pay you $35.

Choosing A Path Jeffrey E. Phipps How do you handle a yes/no re sponse within a program? The usu al technique is to GET a key, use an IF-THEN to see if it's a "Y" charac

ter and branch to the proper line, then use another IF-THEN to

branch elsewhere if it's "N." On the VIC and 64, this requires at least two IFs on separate lines.

With the 128 you can test mul tiple possibilities by stringing ELSEs after IF-THEN statements: 45 GETKEY AS: IF AS-"Y" THEN 500:

ELSE IF AJ""N" THEN 700: ELSE 45

There is a way to simulate an ELSE for the VIC and 64. But first we should take a look at how ONGOTO and ON-GOSUB work. These two commands most

commonly take a numeric variable, after ON, and a list of line numbers, after GOTO or GOSUB: 80 IF H-l THEN 410 90 IF H = 2 THEN 450 100 IF H-3 THEN 700 200 ON H GOTO 410,450,700

In line 200, if the value in vari able H is 1, the computer goes to the first line number (410) in the list. If H is 2, the program jumps to the second line (450), and so on. Thus, the ONGOTO in line 200 does exactly the same thing as lines 80-110. It's also more compact, runs faster, and uses

So if the user pressed Y, the

computer calculates ((-1)*2 +(0) + 3), a value of 1, which triggers the GOTO to line 500. If the user pressed N, the computer calculates ((0)*2

+ (-1) + 3), a total of 2, so the ONGOTO branches to the second line number. Finally, if any other key was pressed, the sum is ((0)*2 +(0) + 3), and the program goes to line 45 to GET another key. Instead of putting a variable into the ON-GOTO, we've used expres sions as pseudo-variables that are

equal either to — 1 or 0.

An Array Of Addresses Michael Mayers Arrays usually hold variables. But you can also store memory address

es in arrays to make POKEing and PEEKing much easier. For example, there are seven registers for each voice in the 64's SID chip: 0 1

Low byte of frequency High byte

Low byte of pulse width

3 4

High byte Gale/waveform/ring mod/sync

5 6

Attack/decay Sustain/release

It's easy to set up a two-dimen sional array for the SID registers: 10 DIM S1DG.6) 20FORJ = 0TO6 30 SID (1,J) = 54272+J 40 SID (2,J) = 54279+J SO SID <3J) = 54286+J 60 NEXT

Now let's say you want to store

N, and branch accordingly:

a 99 into the attack/decay register (register 5) of voice 2. After setting up the array, POKE SID(2,5),99 (much easier to remember than

45 GET AS: ON «A$-"V)*2 +

POKE 54284,99). To make it even

less memory.

A variation of ON-GOTO can check whether the user pressed Y or

<AS-"N") +3) GOTO 500,700,45

AD = 5: SR = 6, and then to set up the envelope for voice 3, POKE

ming music simpler, it makes the program listing more readable. This idea can be helpful for other memory locations as well. Sprite colors and positions, for ex ample, could be put into an array.

Fast-Forward Autostop For 64 Robert V. Taylor It's aggravating to have to fastforward a long tape to a position

that's close to the end. You watch the counter with your finger poised

on the stop button, ready to push it at just the right time. The following program asks you to enter the tape position and it does the rest: The program stops the tape at the right time. When you hear the buzzer,

look at the tape counter; it should be very close to your program. 20

PRINT"ADVANCE

COUNTER TO":I

NPUTC

PRINT"PRESS

HAITI,32,32

FAST FORWARD"

50 L-199+(C/100)U.95:L=L-(C/1 60

FORJ=1TOC:FORK=1TOL:NEXTK,J

POKE192,32:POKE1,55

S=54296:FORJ=1TO60:POK£S,15 :POKES,0:BEXT

This program is very accurate

on my old C2N Datassette. It's al

most perfect up to 100 and it's off by only three at the far end of the tape. You may need to adjust it for your unit, however. Try raising or lowering the number 1.95 in line

50. A little experimentation should reveal the best number. The vari able L controls the size of the delay

loop in line 60. The larger the value, the more time the loop takes and the longer the tape runs. If you're overshooting your target, lower the value of 1.95 in line 50.

easier, name the seven registers COMPUTED Gazotlo

May 19B6

Super Synth Lawrence Cotton

Your 64 never sounded this much like a real syn

thesizer. With a playable keyboard and saveable sounds, this innovative program is fun for the novice and educational for the more serious music programmer.

No two electronic keyboards—

you have some really nice—and

whether they're synthesizers or

some not so nice—sounds.

computer-based keyboards—-are exactly alike. But electronic key

boards have one thing in common: They're programmable. The sounds

are basically controlled by turning knobs, sliding controls, or pressing buttons in various combinations. This one's a bit different. In "Super Synth," the settings are controlled completely by the com puter. You play notes on the key board, but the sound waveforms

and modifiers are generated com pletely at random by the computer. You have absolutely no control over the sounds—but you'll be amazed at some of the sounds it can create.

The computer doesn't care

whether the sounds are musically pleasing or not, so some will be downright awful. Depending on

your musical perspective, the per centage of musically acceptable sounds ranges from about 10 to 50 percent.

to allow the sweeping effect to be come more obvious. Voice three is used only for modulation purposes. After typing in the program, save it to disk and run it. After about a ten-second delay while fre quencies are being calculated, the keyboard will be displayed. Its pitches are continuous, but physi

cally interrupted. That is, the t and the Z are musically adjacent white

notes on the piano. "Q" is the low est note, and ";" is the highest. Most electronic keyboards de pend on the user to set up the first sound, but this one defaults to (be

gins with) a good basic synthesizerlike sound. To generate a new

Want

sound, press f3. Random values will be sent to the sound chip. Now play a few notes to hear the sound.

When you get a nice sound with

If you don't like it, press f3 again.

Super Synth, you can take a "snap

If you wish to save or load a sound, press (5 or (7 respectively.

Recording The Sounds You

shot" of it as you hear it. As you build a library of favorite sounds, you can load them from disk to play

(Rather than trying to coin names

for each of these sounds, consider

The basis of these thick, ani mated sounds is two voices playing slightly out of tune with one anoth er. So even the less complex sounds

on the keyboard.

have richer nuances than would be possible with single-voice sounds.

combination of square/triangle/ ring mod. Two of these waveforms

Add ring modulation, synchroniza

are independently assigned to the

tion, vibrato, and sweep (the last

first two voices,

but occasionally

themselves, the only keys used are the function keys (mentioned

two courtesy of voice three), and

voice two is turned off completely

above) and the RETURN key,

COMPUTED Gazette

May 1986

just numbering them consecutively.)

Seven waveforms are used: tri

angle, sawtooth, square, noise, ring modulation, sync, and the unlikely

Pressing fl at any time returns the computer to the beginning sound. The only input from the user is from the menu on the screen with the keyboard. Besides the note keys

which displays the values of the

sound currently being heard. If you're experienced at programming

the SID chip, you can use these val ues in your own programs.

Program Structure Lines 100-210 calculate the fre quencies needed to produce pitches ranging from C3 {Q key) to D#6 (; key). Each note, for each voice, re

quires two values (high and low bytes of the note's decimal frequen cy). These values are calculated and stored in arrays Fl and F2. To achieve the richer basic sounds, voice one's frequencies are multiplied by a factor M (1.005) for voice two, which is pitched just slightly higher than voice one.

These are stored in arrays F3 and F4. Arrays G1-G4 and H1-H4 con tain values for frequencies one oc tave higher and lower, respectively. Lines 220-240 define con

stants, initialize variables, and GOSUB to tine 490, a routine to print the keyboard screen. Lines 250-270 POKE the default values to the SID chip. Lines 280-460 are the heart of

the program; they form a continu ous loop which looks at memory location 197â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the key currently

being pressed. When the value there is less than 8 (RETURN or the function keys), control goes to line 470. (The INST/DEL and cursor keys also return values less than 8, but the program just loops back to 280 when they are pressed.) The secret to quick keyboard response is to have all the frequen cies pre-stored in arrays whose "addresses" correspond to the key board matrix values PEEKed at 197. When a key is pressed, the precalculated frequency values are

POKEd to the SID chip and the voice is turned on.

Lines 340 and 350 POKE one

filtered.

with a multiple of voice one's fre quency; this controls the synced and ring modulated sounds if

Step limit (SL) and sync speed (XT) are used in line 380. ADSR values are not POKEd directly to

waveforms 21, 23, or 85 are ran

the sound chip; they are used to cal

domly selected. Lines 310, 320 and 460 POKE the arrays' values to the frequency

culate POKEable values (AD and SR) in the subroutine at line 480. Vibrato speed (VI) is POKEd to 54286; vibrato shape (VS) is

registers to produce sounds one oc

tave higher, one octave lower, and at the basic pitches, respectively. Lines 370 and 430 turn the notes on and off. Line 470 sends control to other parts of the program, depending on whether the RETURN or function

there are no error-trapping routines here, so be careful what you type when saving to or loading from the

(from attack, decay, sustain, and re

disk.

lease values) to be POKEd into voices one and two. Voice three's

See program listing on page 100.

envelope generator is not used. Lines 490-630 print the key board screen. Lines 640-680 contain 40 pairs

of data units: the key matrix loca tion (PEEKed at 197) and the corre sponding note's decimal frequency. Lines 690-1040 are the ran domizing subroutine. Without go ing into a lot of detail, the choices yield six values for Z, three values for FL, 255 step limits, seven wave

forms for each of voices one and two, 33750 different envelope val ues (the same values are POKEd into voices one and two; attack is

limited to ten values), four filter combinations, 40 sweep step sizes, four vibrato shapes, 145 vibrato speeds, eight different square wave shapes for each of the three voices (voice three's waveform controls the shape of the vibrato), and three

different filters (low-pass, mid-

Violin Lessons When writing this article, the au thor stumbled on a "patch" (syn thesizer jargon for a group of switch, knob, and slider settings) which very closely simulates the sounds of a violin played by an am ateur. The patch is extraordinarily (and humorously) realistic. Here's how to create and save "Violin Lessons": 1. Type in and save the follow ing program, "Sound Patcher," to

disk. When you run it, it will create

a short file on your disk called "VI OLIN LESSONS"

Sound Patcher

pass, and high-pass). Unfortunate ly, not all of these millions of combinations will produce audible

100

differences in the sounds.

120 FORT=1T017:READV:PRINTÂť1,V

Lines 1050-1190 print the val ues screen and wait for you to press RETURN. These values are printed on the screen in the same order that

of FL further modifies the path the

a sound is saved to disk.

in line 400 and V + 22 (54294) in line 410. Location 54294 controls the cutoff frequency of the pro grammable filter for sweeping

ue (VO), which includes full vol ume of 15, is POKEd to 54296. Lines 1200-1310 contain the subroutines for saving and loading sounds to and from disk. Note that

line 480 calculates envelope values

Line 300 sends control on to

locations to note are V + 27 (54299)

POKEd to 54290; and the filter val

keys are'pressed. The subroutine at

other lines, depending on the ran dom value of 2. The random value program takes. Two key memory

tered and 243-both voices are

of voice three's frequency registers

The values for Z cause the fol

lowing effects: 1-octave up, 2unison, 3-ring modulation, 4-sync, 5-repeat, and 6-octave down. The values for FL are: 0-normal, 1vibrato, and 2-sweep. The four res

sounds. Location 54299 reads voice three's waveform and thus controls

onance values POKEd to 54295 are:

vibrato.

one is filtered, 242-voice two is fil

POKE53281,0:PRINTCHRS(147) CHRS(5)

110 SS="VIOLIN LESSONS":OPEN1, 8,1,SS iNEXT:CLOSEl:END

130 DATA2,1,33,33,10,8,8,8,240 ,1,9,17,8,8,8,31,0

2. Load and run "Super

Synth." Confirm that sound is there by pressing a few keys.

3. Press f7, type VIOLIN LES SONS, and press RETURN. 4. Play the keyboard in the usual way, especially the letters X V NBVBCV repeatedly.

240-no voice is filtered, 241-voice COMPUTE!'* Gazeno

May 1986

Word Counter Thomas K. Tucker

If you ever need a quick word count of a docu ment, this program is for you. It works with text files—program or sequential—created by almost any word processor. For the 128, 64, Plus/4, 16, and VIC-20. A disk drive is required. Teachers are fond of giving assign

ments in terms of words: a "3,000 word term paper" or a "500 word essay," for example. I recently wrote such a paper using the word

processor SpeedScript, but when I finished writing, I had no idea of the number of words. It seemed to me it would be a fairly easy task to write a program to count the words

in a file, but first I had to determine what constituted a word. Spaces separate words from neighboring words, so the number of spaces in a document should equal the number of words. The only snag would be multiple spaces in the file. I didn't want to count all the spaces, just the ones immedi ately preceded by a character that was not a space.

The BASIC program I came up 10Z = 0:AS-"":B$ = "" 20 INPUT"F1LENAME";FS

30 OPEN l,8,0,FS + ",P,R" 40 GET#1,A$ 50 IF 64 AND ST THEN 90 60 IF A$ = CHRS(3Z) THEN IF BS<> CHR$(32) THEN Z-Z+l 70 B$ - AS

Since printer format codes and car

100 PRINT'NUMBER OF WORDS IN FILE:";Z + 2

110 END

the file. Line 60 rules out counting May 19B5

PRINT"[CLR}"CHRS(142)iBS

340

= 3072:COLOR0,7:C0L0R4,7 DATA 169,0,141,0,12,141 ,1,12,141,66,12,141,67, 12,162,1,32

350

possible. But it's rarely important

that the final number of words is exact. (Is anyone penalized for be ing six words short in a 2,000 word paper?)

Speeding It Up The BASIC program above took

over four minutes to count about 2,500 words. Much too slow. Writing the loop part of the

program (lines 40 to 80) in machine language (ML) seemed to be the an

nicely into the cassette buffer at $033C (828). The ML data is POKEd into the cassette buffer using DATA statements.

Later I added the directory rou tine and the option of counting se quential as well as program files.

This program should read files

code strings used in the file, the less accurate the word count. In any ing about 40 seconds to count a 2,500 word, 60-block file.

DATA

198,255,32,183,255

,41,64,208,34,32,207,25 5,141,66,12,201,32,208,

a 100 percent accurate count is not

case the program is pretty fast, tak

Line 50 checks for the end of

lowing lines:

riage returns are counted as words,

but remember, the more printer

90 CLOSE 1

in the program and save a copy to disk. As listed, the program works on the 64, Plus/4, 16, and VIC. If you have a 128, substitute the fol

more accurate count is shown.

written on any word processor—

80 GOTO 40

COMPUTEI's Gazette

that by adding 2 to the counter (Z) a

swer. Since it's a short routine, it fits

with looked something like this:

consecutive spaces as more than one word. By experiment, I found

How To Use It Word Counter is easy to use. Type

360

15 DATA 32,207,255,201,32, 240,8,2 38,0,12.20B,3,2 3

370

8,1,12,173,66,12,141 DATA 67,12,76,21,12,32, 231,255,96,3,4,-1

After you've finished writing and saving your document, load

Word Counter and type RUN. The first prompt is "Press D for Directo ry." Insert the disk containing the text file and press D. You're then

asked to type in the filename and type P (Program) or S (Sequential) for file type. Word Counter reads through the file and seconds later displays the number of words.

You're then asked if you'd like to count the words in another file. Editor's Note: We tested Word

Counter with text files created by SpeedScript (64 and VIC versions), Paperback Writer (128 and 64 ver

sions). Word Writer 128, and the word processor built into the Plus/4. The program gave a reasonably accu rate count with these files (program or

sequential), which were of varying length. See program listing on page 101.

Coder-Decoder W. M. Shockley

Protect the privacy of your DATA statements with this short routine that scrambles and re stores any text. It's useful in almost any program that keeps information in DATA statements. For the 64, 128, Plus/4,16, and VIC. Probably the most convenient way

translates the gibberish into the

to store lists of information in

original DATA statements.

BASIC programs is to use DATA

Type in the program and save a copy. It works on the VIC and 64

statements. A word game like

Hangman, for instance, might have 50-100 words in DATA. The ques tions and answers in a trivia game would fit nicely in DATA state ments. An adventure game would

contain lists of rooms and their treasures. A history quiz would contain names and dates. There are

many possibilities.

as listed, but can be modified to work on the 128, Plus/4, and 16 by changing line 63020 as follows: For Ihe 128:

63020 Y = 842:Z-208:BS-"" For Ihe Plus/4 and 16: 63020 Y

Coder-Decoder allows DATA

very secure. Someone can easily list

statements to be typed in directly, without line numbers or the word

the program, where the words,

DATA. It uses the dynamic key

questions, rooms, history facts, and

board technique to add DATA

so on are right there for the user to

statements to memory. The Coder

read or memorize. In other situa

section (lines 63010-63130) can be used as a subroutine to generate statements for a program already in memory. It can be added as is. Once

But DATA statements aren't

tionsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a personal diary, sayâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;you want the information kept secret from anyone but yourself.

it's in memory with the program,

Scrambling Characters "Coder-Decoder" is a short utility program which transforms norma! DATA inputs into seeming gibber

ish. If the program is listed, the DATA statements are almost im possible to read. A second part of the program (lines 63210 on) re

just type RUN 63010. It will contin ue until the word END is typed at the prompt.

Adding It To A Program The two routines are short enough so that they can be listed on the screen (after being loaded) and

added to a program on 40-column computers (unfortunately, this

technique won't work on the VIC). Load the Coder portion of the pro gram and list it on the screen. Load the program to which it is to be ap pended. Then go to the top of the screen and press RETURN enough times to enter the lines of the Coder routine into the program in memory.

The Decoder section (lines 63210-63300) can be added in the same way. This routine turns the DATA statements back into what you originally typed in. The DATA statements are read into the vari able A$. After decoding, an un scrambled word is returned to the

program as B$. When you have more than one DATA statement,

use a FOR-NEXT loop to retrieve the coded words. There are a couple of limita

tions which must be observed. Commas, colons, and semicolons cannot be used in the inputs. The

letters and numbers and extra char acters which can be used are listed in S$, defined in line 63220. Others

can be added by extending S$ and Sl$ and the 41 in the R loop (line 63080 in the Coder routine and line 63260 in the Decoder routine).

In addition, each input must be no longer than 116 characters on

ihe 128, and up to 70 characters on the 64, VIC, Plus/4, and 16.

See program listing on page 98. COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

Of 75

Read-A-Tune Donald ]. Eddington

Even children can compose easily with this pro

gram. You can store dozens of your songs in memory or on disk and play them back later. For the 64, VIC with at least 8K expansion, Plus/4, and 16. A disk drive is required.

Select option 3 to load a song from disk.

Selections 5-7 play pre programmed tunes. You can play the tunes in any order, like a juke

box. Press 5 if you want to hear the "Twelfth Street Rag," or press 6 for "Yankee Doodle." Selection 7 plays

You might call this program a sort

more details on time values.) Now

of music processor. You write melo

you're ready to begin. You can get

dies which can then be played back. If you like the tune, save it to disk.

out a music book and enter your fa vorite songs, or compose songs of

It's easy enough for children to use

your own.

and could serve as a valuable edu

learning to play music. You'll find this a versatile program that you

Be sure that each song does not exceed 254 notes, a little more than six printed lines on the screen (11'A lines on the VIC). Exceeding this

can fully use within minutes.

limit will either cause only the last

cational tool for those who are just

Type in the appropriate ver sion for your computer and save a

copy before running it the first time.

After running the program, you'll see this menu:

assumed to be A's.

Use the INST/DEL key to correct

mistakes. When you finish typing

in your song, type a period to marie

4=Save your songs 5=Twelfth Slreei Rag

using option 1 from the menu, you

6 = Yankee Doodle

can call it at any time to hear it. Just

press selection 2 and a list of your

Select 1, and "Read-a-Tune" will rely on your talents at writing

songs is displayed. Use the cursor

keys to move the arrow to the song you want, press RETURN, and the tune you wrote will print and play

their note-name equivalents. Most

for you. Now you can play any of the other preprogrammed tunes and be assured that the rune you just wrote is still stored in memory. You can also write another tune (with selection 1) and it will be

of these are direct: C is middle C; F

stored and can be played back later.

songs. First, you're asked to name the song. Song titles can be up to 20 characters long (15 on the VIC).

The screen tells you the notes that Read-a-Tune understands, and

ed as a valid note on the tune values

few notes of your song to be stored,

3=Recall your songs

7 = Some really fast scalcsl ■■ i ini of program

Special Notes Avoid using any character not list

or a STRING TOO LONG error.

RETURN. If you have written a song

2 = Play back your song

sic system.

table. Most invalid characters will play the note A, but a space or a pe riod is interpreted as end-of-tune markers. All graphics characters are

the end of the song and press

1 —Write a song

a series of very fast scales. Finally, selection 8 turns off the whole mu

Timing is achieved by adding

together short notes. Use the fol lowing chart to get the proper num ber of notes: Number of Occurrences

Note

eighth

quarter

dotted quarter half

dotted half

whole

Repeated notes of the same pitch must be written with a rest in between to execute as two separate

notes. For example, to write the first six notes of "Jingle Bells," use this sequence: EREREEEREREREEER.

Getting Started Here are some songs to try out—see

is F; A is A; and H is High C. Be sure

You're limited only by the memory

if you can guess the tunes.

to use only the listed note values;

available on your computer: Up to

any other letters or numbers are as

125 songs can be stored this way on the 64, 25 songs on the VIC with 8K expansion (55 songs with 16K ex pansion), 190 songs on the Plus/4,

CRCRDRERCRERDRMRCRCRDRERCCC COOMMCRCRDRERFFEEDDCCOOM MNNOOCCCRCCCR

sumed to mean the note A.

You'll hear the notes play as you enter them. Rhythm is achieved by using a series of short

notes to make one long note (write AAAA for a long A). Use R for any rests. You would write AARAA to

get two midlength A's, for example. (See "Special Notes" below for 76

COMPUTEi's Gazotlo

May 1986

and 25 songs on the 16. If you really like a song you've

CRCDRDEGECRMCKCDEI:EEECRMCR CDRDECECCRARRDDWIEECCCR

DBFFEEDRDHPAEFDRDEFFEEDRDEI1

AEFDRFC A[ Al AC E E;C HGHGFDEFFE EDRDEFFFAAAEEHHFFFFDDDDDDR

written, and want to save it to disk, select 4 and give the song a unique filename. If you give it the name of

GGGAGGFFEEFFGCCRDDEEFFFREE FFGGGRGGG AGGFFEEFFGGG R DD

an existing file, it will write over it.

See program listings on page 102.

RRGGRREECCCCRR

Double Load Darius L Ecker

Now users of combination programs such as SpeedScript with "Preview~80 " or "Plus/Term" with "Screen-80" can have automated loading on the Commodore 64 and 128 (in 64 mode). No more

typing in commands and remembering SYS ad dresses. Just load and run one programâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the rest is done for you. Both COMPUTED GAZETTE and COM

either a RUN command or a SYS,

PUTE! have published programs that

and then HOME to move the cursor

work in conjunction with another

back to the top. The screen is ready.

program. "Preview-80" (COM-

Now you could end the program

PUTEI's GAZETTE, November 1985),

and tell the user to press RETURN.

for example, adds an 80-column

The screen would print SEARCH ING FOR PROGRAMNAME on

preview option to SpeedScript. To

get the two to work together takes four steps: You load Preview-80,

one line, LOADING on another,

type NEW, load SpeedScript, and

would be placed on the RUN or SYS, ready for the user to press RE

then SYS 52000. And to get "Screen-80" {COMPUTED GAZETTE,

and then READY. The cursor

TURN again.

After the RUN or SYS is executed, the computer is under control of the executed program, and no more of the preprinted commands will be carried out. However, Preview-80 and Screen-80 are ideally suited as

pre-loaders. Preview-80 is not exe cuted before loading SpeedScript, Although Screen-80 is run before loading Plus/Term, it still accepts commands in the immediate mode,

and the dynamic keyboard tech nique can be used.

Preview-80 And SpeedScript Program 1

loads Preview-80 and

SpeedScript. Since Preview-80 is a machine language program that loads at the top of memory out of the way of the BASIC program area, we can safely load it from pro

gram mode without using the dy namic keyboard. This is done in

September 1984) to work with

But we won't ask the user to do

"Plus/Term" (COMPUTE!, February

all that. The dynamic keyboard technique allows us to press those keys from inside the program. The 64's keyboard buffer occu

line 10. SpeedScript, however, loads

pies memory locations 631-640. It

20 prints LOAD"SPEEDSCRIPT",8

necessary. And by studying the

keeps track of which keys have been pressed. So if we POKE loca tions 631 and 632 with the code for RETURN (the number 13), the

into the keyboard buffer.

program, you'll be able to find oth

computer will think that the user

er applications for this idea.

has pressed RETURN twice.

1985), you must load the first pro

gram, run it, then load the second and run it. "Double Load" uses the dy

namic keyboard technique to load two programs and execute what

ever command (RUN or SYS) is

The Dynamic Keyboard

One more POKE is necessary. Location 198 tells the operating

The dynamic keyboard is a wellknown loading technique on Com modore computers. If you're

system how many characters are in

unfamiliar with it, here's a brief introduction.

we have placed in

From within a program, you

the keyboard buffer. By POKEing 198 with the number of characters the keyboard

buffer, and then ending the pro gram, the keyboard buffer is acti

vated. Since the commands have

clear the screen, which leaves the cursor in the home (upper-left) po

been printed to the screen in the

sition. Now you have the program

right places, they execute in the im

print two cursor downs, then the

mediate mode.

into the BASIC area and will erase

Double Load, so we must use the dynamic keyboard technique. Line

and SYS52000 at the proper loca tions so that they will be executed when line 30 puts two RETURNs Type in the program, inserting

your own filenames in lines 10 and 20, and save a copy. Preview-80

and SpeedScript must be on the same disk as Double Load with filenames matching those in lines 10 and 20. Now load and run Double Load and you're ready to do word pro

cessing with SpeedScript and Preview-80.

Screen-80 And Plus/Term Loading Screen-80 and Plus/Term is more difficult for two reasons.

appropriate LOAD command and

Problems arise when we run a

First, Screen-80 must set up the 80-

four cursor downs, followed by

program from the immediate mode.

column screen before Plus/Term is COMPUTED Gazollo

May 1986

loaded. This clears the screen and

ply printing RUN to run Screen-80, we print POKE 639,131:POKE

erases any commands we may have printed there. But we can solve the problem by inserting the command to load Plus/Term into the key board buffer (instead of printing it

the second RETURN. At that point, the two RETURNS have left the buffer and made room for the extra

to the screen).

character. The two POKEs put the

The second problem is the size of the keyboard buffer, a mere ten characters, of which two are used to load and run Screen-80. This leaves us with eight characters. Even using the abbreviated BASIC commands

code for SHIFT-RUN/STOP at the end of the buffer to complete the string of characters that will load

for LOAD (L SHIFT-O) and RUN (R SHIFT-U) and using a single char acter filename for Plus/Term, the

buffer leaves us one character short. The solution? We POKE the extra character into the buffer after the two RETURNS for loading Screen80 have been used. Instead of sim

198,9:RUN. This line is entered by

and run Plus/Term.

Type in Program 2, substitut ing your own filename for Screen80 in line 20, and save a copy. Both Screen-80 and Plus/Term must be on the same disk as Double Load.

on the disk under the original file name ("PLUS/TERM.ML") given in the February 1985 COMPUTE! article. When Plus/Term executes, a menu to select baud rates will ap pear in 80- column format. After se lecting the baud rate, the screen will blank. Press f7 and the main menu will appear. See the documentation in the appropriate issue of COM PUTE! before attempting to use this program.

If you're an avid user of SpcedScripi, Screen-80, or Plus/Term, I'm sure you'll find Double Load to be a timesaver and a valuable addi

The BASIC portion of Plus/Term

tion to your program library. And

must be saved under the single character filename "P". Also, a copy of the machine language por

with a little practice, you might be able to apply some of these tech

tion of Plus/Term must be included

See program listings on page 98.

niques to your own programs.

A BASIC 7.0 Compiler

Charles Brannon Program Editor The Commodore 128 looks like it will be a great success. Although Commodore 64 compatibility is its ace in

the hole, good

128-mode

software is essential for its continu ing popularity. I've had a problem with the 128, though. If you're writ ing a program for the 128 that doesn't use 80 columns or more than 64K of memory, why write it

for 128 mode? The program would work just as well in 64 mode, and would be less trouble to write if you're more familiar with the 64.

Your program would be able to run on all 64s and 128s. The mere convenience of not having to type GO 64 isn't worth the work it takes to convert a

64 program to

128

mode. Naturally, if you can find a significant way to use 128K, 80 col umns, and the FAST mode, you'll want to write the program for 128 mode.

disk file programming, error check

and GOSUBs into high-speed

ing, and structured programming.

jumps to the actual address of the

Although the 64 could do every thing that BASIC 7.0 does with ma chine language (ML) extensions, it's

target line, instead of having to

much easier and faster to program

though P-code is interpreted, it's

in BASIC 7.0. But unless you go into FAST mode, BASIC'S signifi cantly slower in 7.0 than it was with the 64. It's difficult to write arcadestyle games, even when you don't need PEEKs or POKEs. Applica

designed for streamlined interpre tation. P-code would make little

tions like sorting, searching, and merging are expedited by the high

speed of the 1571 disk drive, but BASIC just can't keep up with the 1571, especially when using GET#

to read files. What we need is a speed enhancer for BASIC, a turbocharged compiler.

Compilers translate source code into either a high-speed inter

search through the program to find the target line number. Even

sense to a human, even if we could

list it (and we can't). It's not a good language to program with directly, but it's ideal for use with compilers, where you can translate from a readable BASIC program. When a compiler generates op timized ML, it's the next best thing to writing your own ML. But BASIC is a high-level language, which al lows ambiguities to creep in. There are myriad ways to multiply by two, but ML has a single instruction that can do this within a few mil-

code of BASIC. Since the compiler

lionths of a second. A compiler can not always figure out that X = 2: Y = 8:PRINT X'Y should use this high-speed trick, since the values of

can took at the whole program at once while generating the compiled

in a BASIC program.

compared to VIC and 64 BASIC. Fi

code, it can optimize your program for speed. An interpreter can see

your programs ten or twenty times

nally, we have the commands

only one character at a time. For ex

by compiling to ML, the ambigu

needed for sound and graphics,

ample, the compiler turns GOTOs

ities lead to inevitable inefficien-

But there's another good rea

son to use 128 mode: BASIC 7.0. This is a luxury

COMPUUrs Gazelle

BASIC, at least

May 1986

preted language (P-code), or direct

ly into ML. P-code is much faster to interpret than the original source

X and Y may not always be constant Although you can speed up

cies. An experienced ML programmer who manually trans lates a BASIC program into ML may be able to speed it up a thou

grams with ML, even generate

overlays to permit virtual programs as large as the disk can hold. Compiling a program doesn't

sand times or more. And the ML

take more than five to ten minutes

version generated by a compiler may be ten times longer, where the human-generated ML program would probably be shorter.

for average-sized programs (scan ning one to two thousand bytes per

BASIC-128

gram uses only integer math) took an astounding 14 seconds. And these figures can be halved in the FAST mode.

It's interesting to note the size of the compiled program: a mere two disk blocks for the BASIC pro

minute), and it's worth the wait. Just how fast is BASIC-1287 Al

gram, 38 blocks for the P-code ver

though Abacus's early Commodore

version. (A more typical example

64 BASIC compiler left something

with a 14-block BASIC program re

to be desired, this package can give

sulted in a 74-block ML file and a

you speed increases in excess of 2000 percent. In the FAST mode (80 columns required if you want to see the screen display), you can

50-b!ock P-code file.) Although

double this speed. The compiler

the total program size is much

generates a much faster program. If

can even switch on and off FAST mode automatically if you need to

larger. Most of the code expansion can

you're willing to sacrifice some compatibility, you can produce

you an average speed somewhere

The Abacus BASIC-US compiler is

ingenious; it may be the most com plete compiler system yet for eightbit computers. BASIC-128 can compile any BASIC 7.0 program—

it's completely compatible with all commands and statements, and

even faster, optimized code. You

can choose between P-code (fast and compact), or ML {faster, but quite a bit larger) code generation.

A second level of optimization lets you further accelerate programs that don't need floating-point

math. Even if you use floating point, this compiler can double or quadruple the speed of certain floating-point functions, a feature usually seen only on expensive compilers for computers with math coprocessors.

You can embed special compil er commands in your program with REM. These commands can select the type of code generation (P-code or ML), optimization level, even whether some variables should be treated as integers, without having

use a 40-column display, giving between normal and FAST mode.

To test BAS1C-128's speed, I've once again resurrected my own fa vorite benchmark, the bubble sort. Although no single benchmark can adequately test a computer's speed or accuracy, the bubble sort is a good one. So that you can evaluate what I'm testing here, refer to this

let you use an integer variable with FOR/NEXT. Within the same pro gram, you can change the level of optimization and the choice of Pcode or ML, letting you optimize

some subroutines in ML, while pre serving compatibility with floating point operations where necessary. You can also select these op

tions and several special purpose

compiled code can actually be shorter than a very large BASIC program,

you'll usually find that

be attributed to the runtime pack age merged with your program, containing the subroutines used while the compiled program is run ning, such as the P-code interpreter

and the high-speed floating-point routines. However, you can com

pile programs without the runtime package. By compiling a single line (1 REM), you can generate the run time package by itself. You can then load the runtime package separate

program:

ly, saving disk space and reducing

BASIC Bubble Sort MS

REM

BUBBLE

SORT

BENCHMAR

PRINT'MCLRjGENERATING ST"

DIM A3(100)|FORI=1TO100:

A«{I)=101-IlNEXT

FORI = 1TO100:PRINTA%(I>; :

NEXT;PRINT

BC 40 PRINT"lRVSjSORTING":TIS= "000000"

to use the percent sign with them. This lets you really speed up FOR/ NEXT loops, since BASIC doesn't

sion, and 40 blocks for the ML

EX=0:FOR 1-1 TO 99:IFA«[ I)>AS(I+1)THEM T=AS(I+1) X=l

HK 60 BA 70

NEXT:IFEXTHEN50 TS=TIS:PRINT"DONE1":PRIN

T"IN ";TIS;" AND";TI;"JI FFIES." 80 FORI=1TO100:PRINTA%(I);: NEXT

I tested the speed of the com piler with the P-Code/Level I Opti mization (most compatible with all programs), and the Machine Lan guage/Level II Optimization (fast

the disk loading time when you're running many compiled programs. Other languages, such as C, are designed especially for high-speed compilers, but an expert ML pro

grammer with a good bag of tricks can always leave a compiler in the dust. Until computers become as smart as people, compilers may never be a substitute for writing your own ML, but they'll always be crucial for speeding up high-level

languages. BASIC-128

Abacus Software P.O. Box ll\\

Grand Rapids, Ml 49510 S59.95

•

COMPUTED GAZETTE TOLL FREE

features (such as selecting the

est possible).

memory boundaries of the com piled program, generating a line-list for error tracking, and turning off

The Envelope, Please

the code generator) from the

sort takes exactly four minutes to

BASIC-128 compiler menu. Other

sort 100 integers in ascending or der. The P-code version did it in

1-800-247-5470

only 36 seconds. The fastest possi

1-800-532-1272

special features of the compiler let you compile programs using BASIC extensions, merge compiled pro

Running in BASIC 7.0, the bubble

ble compilation into ML (the pro-

Subscription Order Line In IA

COMPUTEI's GaiettB

May 19B6

A Robot Is A Girl's Best Friend

Fred D'Ignazio Associate Editor

used up after only about five days. So

if you use him a lot, it can get awfully expensive.

This month I'm turning my column

Elami can be used for a lot of dif ferent things. One thing is waking up your mother or father. 1 made a little program sort of like this one-â&#x20AC;&#x201D;TB, T5, T4, 17, TS, S2, R5, F9.1 put Elami in my parents' room while they were sleeping. Elami said, "Hello. I am Elami. Please, Mommy, let's play!" Then he zoomed away in second gear. Elami can easily surprise people, especially ones who have never seen

over to Joanna Sisk of Roanoke, Virginia. Ten-year-old Joanna has been living with a robot named

Elami Jr. for several months, and she has some thoughts about what life is like with a little mechanical friend. / was really excited when Mr. D'Ignazio said that I could review this robot. After all, 1 had only used robots about twice before in my life!

him, by greeting them at the door. At

a party I had, well, I tried to get him to greet my friends at the door. I

His name is Elami jr. He's about 11-3/4 inches tall, and is already put together when you get him. He has two arms with grippers. They aren't motorized, but you can move them, so he can still bring things to people. He has a 25-key keyboard on his front; and when you type in a key, he will

iell you the command you typed. He has 24 lights and requires four AA

didn't get him ready in time, but 1 would have done something like TB,

T5, T6, S2, R5, F6, TE, TC That would make him say, "Hello. 1 am Elami. Please follow me." Then he would go Joanna and her friend Elami Jr.

Elami knows 206 different words,

to the edge of our entrance hall and say, "Have a nice day. Good-bye." Also, it's easy to dress Elami up

batteries and four C batteries. Elami makes four faces out of liq uid crystals, like on a digital watch. His mouth moves when he talks. His four expressions are sleepy, happy,

but you can only program him to say

in a costume for Halloween or some

19 words or phrases at a time. He also says other things that you don't pro gram in, such as "Good morning,

thing. I was a clown for Halloween, and I dressed up Elami as my assis

angry, and surprised. When you first

"Please Enter Program Again." Some

turn him on he sap, "Hello, I am

of my favorite words to program are

Elami. Please enter my code," and

"1 am happy," "Mommy," "Daddy,"

looks sleepy. If you enter the code (mine is 2222), he looks happy, and

you can enter a program. If you leave him on for too long, he gives you an angry look and says, "Please switch me off" in an angry voice.

Elami has two speeds and can go forward, backward, right, left, right curve, and left curve. First you type in either SI or S2 for speed #1 or speed

Master," "Can I help you?," and

"I love you," and "Follow me." He has a British accent and really doesn't sound like a robot at all. Here are sonic bad things about Elami. Elami can't have a program

that goes on forever and ever. The book says that he won't accept any commands after a certain number are entered. You probably wouldn't have any trouble, though, because I've en

#2. Then you tell him which way you

tered some pretty long programs and

want him to go, and how many sec onds for him to go. Forward 1 in speed 1 makes Elami go forward about six

Elami wouldn't stop accepting them.

inches, and on speed 2 it's about 10-

arms are motorized, so I tried the

1/2 inches. Sometimes, it seems like he wants to aggravate you, and even

commands to move the arms a lot of

on the same floor you can't depend on

ready broken him! Another problem is that Elami

him curving correctly. He also doesn't run on a carpet, even a very thin one. BO

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 19B6

When you read the first part of the book, it makes it sound as ifElami's

times, and 1 was afraid that I had al

really eats up batteries. Once they got

tant. 1 gave him a little hat tied on with bright red string, and I tied an other bright red siring around the middle of him and stuffed cotton on it to make white spots. 1 also gave him a joker playing card to hold. The only problem was that sometimes the string holding his hat on would get in front of his eyes, so he only went back wards, trying to get away from the hat, since he thought he would bump into it.

Elami is a really neat robot, and I

wish I could keep him. Sometimes ro

bots (and computers) seem like they're alive. Maybe they are.

You can find out more about Elami and other robots by sending for a robot catalog from ROBOTLAND, 1313 Central Terrace,

Lakeworth, FL 33460; or call (305) 533-5264. Next month, I'll return with a column on other new robots. a

Tom R. Halfhill, Staff Editor

Each month, computed gazette tackles some questions commonly asked by Commodore users. If you have a question you'd like to see an swered here, send it to this column, C/O COMPUTED GAZETTE, P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403. V£« In recent issues of com puters gazette I've read about the Commodore 128 and Amiga computers. I'm a 64 owner, and

I'm worried about the future of the 64. How long do you expect

forced to restart them due to unex

business users; and an over-$l,000

pected demand over the holidays. Even if Commodore discontinues

market for the majority of business

1986, the 128's success means that

users, professionals, and wellheeled hobbyists. In other words, the mature computer market of to

manufacturers will continue intro

morrow will closely resemble to

ducing 64-compatible products as

day's markets for camera and audio

long as there is sufficient demand. True, some products for the 128

equipment. Prices will remain

will be designed to work in

years you'll be getting more for your dollar.

production of the 64 sometime in

128

mode only, but the vast number of 64s encourages manufacturers to tap both markets. The Amiga is a completely dif

the 64 to be supported by Com modore, as well as by third-party companies? Even though the 128

ferent class of machine. It offers vast amounts of computing power and many fascinating capabilities.

and Amiga are great computers, I

Yet, although it's fun to be the first

like my 64 and cannot afford to

person on the block with a shiny

buy another computer. Should I

new computer, there's no reason

try to save for an Amiga, or still purchase software for my 647 Please tell me what you think will happen to the 64.

why you have to buy a new com puter if you don't really need one.

f\u We can't speak for Commo

as it continues performing the task

dore, of course, but it seems likely that support for the 64 will remain

strong for the next couple of years. More 64s have been sold than any

other computer ever made—-at least a million in 1985 alone—and that adds up to a lot of potential custom ers for hardware and software man ufacturers. Almost every piece of software released for the home and educational markets is made avail

able for the 64. The only other ma chine with a comparable nonbusiness software base is the Apple II series, followed by the Atari 4O0/8D0/XL/XE line. The Commodore 128 actually strengthens the 64's position. Be

cause the 128 can run virtually all 64 software and work with virtually all 64 hardware, the potential mar ket for 64-compatible products can

A 64 or 128 has plenty of comput

ing power for many people. And no tool becomes really obsolete as long you bought it for. Keep in mind that computers will always be growing more pow erful. If there are any limits to com puting power, we haven't run into them yet. Even when silicon chips can't get any smaller or cheaper, there is the promise of wholly dif

ferent technologies: gallium arse nide chips, parallel processors, supercooled Josephson junctions immersed in vats of liquid helium, fiber-optic processors, biocomputers, and on and on. Computer science is advancing so rapidly that any computer you buy is virtually

guaranteed to be technologically ob solete within a few years. Whether it becomes functionally obsolete de pends on how fast your needs (or wants) change. it's still relatively early, but the

remain stable even if Commodore stops producing the 64. In fact,

way the computer market seems to be shaking out indicates that there'll

we've learned that Commodore

probably be two tiers in the near fu

halted its 64 production lines twice during the fall of 1985 but was

ture: an under-$500 market for

home, educational, and some small

roughly the same, but over the

How close to my 1701 mon

itor can I store disks without any degrading effects due to stray

magnetic fields? I'd recommend keeping disks

at least one foot away from a moni tor or TV. Other sources of magnet ic fields to watch out for are telephones (especially when they ring), power supplies, electric mo tors, printers (which contain power supplies and electric motors), and

loudspeakers {especially hi-fi speakers with large woofers). Stor ing your disks in a steel (not alumi num) box is another way to protect them from magnetic harm. I am trying to translate a

BASIC program that was written for an IBM PC. The problem is that for the program to give satis factory results, it is necessary to

use double-precision arithmetic. Is it possible to get double precision on the Commodore 64? If so, how?

/»•

Sorry, but double-precision

variables aren't available in Com modore 64 BASIC. Enhanced BASICs, such as Simons' BASIC and S'more, don't have double preci

sion, either. Although it's possible to write your own double-precision math routines in machine lan guage, it's a project that could be

tackled only by the most advanced ML programmers. Perhaps a reader 48 can suggest a solution. COMPUTED Goreffa

May 1986

One-Dimensional Arrays

Michael S. Tomczyk

in this line we repeat the horizontal

This month, we'll begin to explore one of the trickier areas of BASIC

across the screen, which connects

programming: arrays. But first, we

have a bit of business left over from our previous discussions of READ and DATA—so here's a quick re view. First, type in this program: 10 DATA 1986,2000,3.14,-13 100 PRINT CHR$(147> 200 FOR X = l TO 4:READ N:PRINT

"NUMBER"X"IS"N:NEXT

Line 10 lists numbers, separat ed by commas, as DATA. Line 100 clears the screen. Line 200 uses a FOR-NEXT

loop to read four items from the list, and uses those items in the PRINT statement. The individual numbers appear where the N appears in the PRINT line. The X in the sentence comes from the FOR-NEXT loop, which acts like a counter. You can use any numeric variables, includ ing or instead of X and N.

Now type NEW and press RETURN.

This example uses various types of string information with READ and DATA: 10 DATA COMPUTER.BASIC

MAGIC.333-666-4444,— 100 READ A$:PRINT AS"...1S A WORD." 200 READ B$:PRINT B$"...IS A PHRASE."

300 READ CS:PRINT CS"...IS A SERIAL NUMBER." 400 READ DS:FOR G-l TO 22:PR1NT DS;:NEXT 500 PRINT D$"...1S A GRAPHICS

SYMBOL."

Line 10 contains the DATA list.

Line 100 reads the first item from the list, defines it as A$ and uses it in the PRINT statement. Line 200 reads the next item, defines it as B$ and uses it. Line 300 defines the third item

as C$. Line 400 defines the graphics

symbol as D$ and uses a FORNEXT loop to draw a horizontal line across the screen. FOR-NEXT is used to repeat actions or to count— 82

COMPUTE'S Qazntte

May 1986

line graphics symbol 22 times them into one long horizontal line. Line 500 uses the symbol (D$) again.

Our final READ and DATA ex ample demonstrates how to mix and match string and numeric vari

ables in the same program: 10 DATA TEN,10,TWENTY,20,THIRTY, 30,FORTY,40,FIFTY,50,-1,-I 100 PRINT CHR$(147)"LET'S COUNT TO SO BY TENS"

200 READ NS,N:IF N= -1 THEN END 300 PRINT N" ... "NS 400 GOTO 200

Line 10 contains the DATA.

Line 100 clears the screen and displays a PRINT message. (Note that we need only one PRINT com mand at the beginning of the line). Line 200 reads two variables:

first a string variable (TEN), then a numeric variable (10). It also checks for an end-of-program-marker, which tells the computer IF N equals

-1, THEN END the pro

gram. By putting two —l's at the end of the DATA, we give the com

puter a marker or flag it can look for when it runs out of DATA to read. If you don't include one, the computer will keep trying to READ DATA and cause an OUT OF DATA error. We

use two —l's here because we're reading two DATA variables. Line 300 prints the two vari ables, one pair at a time. Notice

variables like N and N$ are always printed outside quotation marks— but we have to put our three punc tuation dots inside quotation marks.

Creating An Array

20 PRINT Fl" DAYS/T2"

MONTHS,"F3" WEEKS."

Array notation is slightly dif

ferent. For example, we'll use F(l), F(2), and F(3) instead of Fl, F2, and F3. To modify the program, LIST it,

then change it to the following and type RUN. 10 F(1) = 365:F(2) = I2;F(3)-S2 20 PRINT F(1)"DAYS,"F(2>"MONTHS, "F(3)"WEEKS."

Line 10 defines three items: F(l), F(2), and F(3). By defining

these numbers like variables but using parenthesis, you caused your

computer to automatically reserve 11 locations—and only 11—in an array called "F." Since we used

only three locations, we could have put eight more in this array—but no more than 11. (We'll see how to

get more than 11 in a moment.) Line 20 takes the numbers from the array locations defined in line 10, and prints them as shown. How is this different from using regular variables like Al or Fl?

Well, as soon as you define an ar ray, your computer automatically makes room for exactly 11 items. The array we created is called F, so

the computer reserves 11 areas, la beled F(0) to F(10). Each location is like a box. One location can contain one number. Let's stop a moment and test the computer to see if it reserved exact ly 11 items. Add this line, then run the program to see if it works: 30 F1121-4

It doesn't work. You get a BAD SUBSCRIPT ERROR—no more than 11 items can be used in an ar ray. This means you can't use array

An array is a group of items— usually arranged as a chart or as a

names like F(12), F{20), F(100), or

table of words or numbers. The no

the computer won't accept it.

tation used with arrays is very simi lar to that used with string and

Wait a minute—computers process huge amounts of infor

numeric variables, For example, the

mation. There must be some way to

following program uses numeric

create a larger array, right? There is.

variables Fl, F2, and F3:

To create an array which contains

anything larger than F(10) because

more than 11 items, you must use

another command.

The DIM Command You can tell the computer to set

aside space for a much larger array

by using the DIM command. DIM stands for dimension. We talk about dimensioning an array be cause an array can have several di mensions (as we'll see next month). To DIMension an array to hold more than 11 items—let's say you want to include' 20 numbers—sim ply type: DIM A(19).

The A defines the name of the array, and the 19 in parentheses is

one less than the number of spaces

0 to 19 and defined A(X) as values from 0 to 19. You cannot easily change the size of an array after it's

DIMensioned, but you can redefine any of the items in the array. For ex ample, to change the items in this list from 0, 1, 2, 3, etc., to 200, 201, 202, 203, etc., change line 30: 30 FOR X = l TO 20:READ A(X)rA(X>

= 200 + A(X):PRINT"ACX")= "A(X):NEXT

See what we did? After READing A(X), which defines the array element, we redefined it by adding

200. Now, when we PRINT out the array, everything has been in

creased by 200. You can also change individual items. Try add

are set up: 10 DATA GOLDEN BELL.D1AMOND JEWEL,WORKMAN'S AX,SIX FOOT SPEAR

200 READ CS(1),CS<2),CS(3),CS(4) 300 R = INT(4"RND(1» + 1

400 GET K$:IF K$ = "" THEN 400 500 PRINT CHR$(147rMORLOCK GIVES YOU A"C$(R):GOTO 300

Line 10 contains a DATA list of four phrases. Notice that you can include phrases (including spaces) and sentences in DATA lists. Line 200 causes the computer

to set up an array containing string

information. We'll define four "boxes" in the array. The items in

the DATA list are always defined in the order in which we READ them, so C$(l) automatically becomes

you've. reserved for the numbers

ing line 40 like this:

you want to include. Try this pro gram, which puts 20 numbers,

40 A(17) = 2000:PRINT"A(17)°"A(17)

GOLDEN BELL, C$(2) is DIA

Run the program. Now ele ment A(17) equals the number 2000, as you've redefined it. The other numbers are unchanged.

MOND JEWEL, and so on.

numbered from 200 to 219, in an array defined as A. 10 DIM A[19) 20 FOR X = 0 TO 19:A(X> = 2004-X:PRINT "A("X") = "A(X):NEXT

Line 10 DIMensions the array.

That is, it creates an array called A

and reserves 20 places or "boxes" numbered A(0) to A(19). The rea son the computer starts at A(0) is because (unlike us humans) your computer always starts counting at

0 instead of 1. Line 20 uses a FOR-NEXT loop to count from 0 to 19, then borrows

the X from the counter to define A(X). For example, when the loop begins counting at 0, A(0) = 200 + 0, so array position A{0) equals 200. On the next loop, X equals 1, so

A(l) = 200 + l. This means the ar ray position A(l) equals 201, and so on. At the end of the line, we print

String Information In Arrays So far we've been working only with numeric arrays. But, you can

create string arrays as well. Let's begin with a small array (less than 11 items) which does not require a DIMension command. Type NEW, then try this program: 10 C$<1) = "GREEN":C$<2) = "RED" :C$(3) = "ORANGE"

100 PRINT C$(l>" IS THE COLOR OF SHAMROCKS."

200 PRINT CS(2)" IS THE COLOR OF ROSES." 300 PRINT CStf)" IS THE COLOR OF ORANGES."

So far, you could just as easily have used regular variables like Cl$ or C2$ to define the three col

Line 300 is a random number

formula which randomly selects a number from one to four and de fines that number as the numeric variable R. From now on, R stands for a number from one to four which the computer has selected at random. Line 400 is a key checking rou tine. This line tells the computer to

check to see if a key is being pressed. If none is, it tells the com

puter to keep going back (to the same line 400). The computer will stay in an "endless loop" checking the keyboard over and over until and unless one of the keys is pressed. Line 500 clears the screen, then

prints a sentence. At the end of the sentence, the last phrase is repre sented by C$(R). Remember, R is now a random number from 1 to 4,

so C$(R) could be any of the

the entire array so you can see how

ors, right? Now try this variation:

phrases from the DATA list. Final

it is defined.

10 DATA GREEN,RED,ORANGE 100 READ CS(1),CS(2),C$(3) 200 PRINT CSU)" IS THE COLOR OF

GOTO line 300, which selects a

READ-DATA And ARRAYS You can also use READ and DATA to put information into an array. The usefulness of this technique is that DATA can only be read se quentially or cleared and READ

with a FOR-NEXT loop. Putting the DATA into an array allows you to READ and use the DATA one item

at a time, or in any order you like. Try this example: 10 DIM Add) 20 DATA 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11, 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19

30 FOR X = l TO 20:READ A(X):PRINT "A("X")="A(X):NEXT

The result is slightly different

because we listed the numbers from

SHAMROCKS."

ly, the computer is

instructed

new random number and drops

Note that you could put any

down to line 400, which patiently waits for you to press another key. To see the program work, type RUN and press RETURN, then press a few keys to see what hap

list of words or phrases into a

pens. You could use this technique

DATA list, define them in an array

in a real adventure program, but in

300 PRINT C$(2>" IS THE COLOR OF ROSES." 400 PRINT CS(3r IS THE COLOR OF ORANGES."

by READing them as we did in line 100, then use the DATA in your

program. Note the new way of READing DATA: simply by listing the items to be READ, with com

mas, as shown. Type NEW to erase the program.

Here's a more familiar bit of

stead of going back to get another item from Morlock, you would keep the item (at least until some evildoer took it away from you). This finishes our introductory look at one-dimensional arrays. Next month, we'll look further into arrays and how they work, and take a crack

program which may give you some

at two and three-dimensional arrays

insight into how adventure games

as well.

mi COMPUTED Gn7e»B

May 19B6

Blick

Plummer Hensley This short utility spices up your pro

grams by adding a blink and a click to the PRINT command. Anytime you type a character to the screen, you'll

see an underline cursor accompanied

by a brief sound. For the 128, 64, Plus/4, 16, and VIC.

If you don't think sound is impor tant, try playing your favorite ac tion game with the volume turned all the way down. It's just not as much fun without the explosions, zaps, and other noises. Sounds help to liven up games,

IS BLICK", for example. Or load a

16, and VIC). The Kernal routine

program and list it. See the table

enter the appropriate SYS from the

looks at locations 806-807 (804-805 on the Plus/4 and 16) to find the actual ROM routine for printing a character. This pointer was deliberately designed to be the weak link in the process. If we change the address

table to re-enable Blick. To turn it

there, anytime the computer wants

off, enter the two POKEs listed (Note: enter them on the same line,

to print a character, it runs into a

below for ideas on customizing the program,

If you should accidentally dis able Blick by pressing RUN/STOPRESTORE or RUN/STOP-RESET,

separated by a colon). To change the cursor character, POKE the ap

propriate ASCII value into the loca tion listed. Finally, the blinking speed can be modified with a POKE

to the address specified in the table.

program gives you a blink and a

How It Works

has version 2 of the operating sys

Typing It In

Blick is a "wedge" that temporarily diverts the PRINT command into a routine that prints an underline character, makes a sound, and erases the underline. When it's fin

Enter the version written for your

ished, it goes on to the main PRINT

computer and save it to tape or disk

command.

click (a "blick") every time a char acter is printed.

before proceeding. Saving is impor

PRINT is a common, easy-to-

"Blick" is written in machine

use command in BASIC. But at the machine language level, PRINT is more complex; it has to do a lot of work. First, the computer looks

language (ML), but you don't need

ahead to see whether it will be

tant because the last command in

line 120 is a NEW, which erases the program currently in memory.

to know ML to use it. It is presented

in the form of a BASIC loader that reads DATA statements and POKEs the routine into memory. After run ning it, you should see the message BLICK ENABLED. Once Blick is in memory, try printing a message, PRINT "THIS

Important Blick Locations Enable Disable

Change cursor (POKE localion wilh any ASCII value (XH

printing a variable, a number, a string, or maybe even a long calcu lation. Once that's straightened out

and BASIC knows the sequence of characters to be printed, it goes through the Kernal routine for printing characters (always at loca tion $FFD2 on the 128, 64, Plus/4,

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

tem, start with a newly powered up 64 and put the cursor at the bottom of the screen. Hold down the space bar until it travels across two com

plete screen lines. After the cursor has wrapped around to the begin ning of the next line exactly twice,

use the DELete key to move it back to the end of the previous line. If the screen says LOAD and the com puter locks up, you've got version 2

ROM. This lockup happens only when the cursor color is red, cyan, blue, yellow, light red, dark gray, light blue, and light gray. If you limit character colors to black, white, purple, green, orange, brown, medium gray, and light green, you'll be safe. It's also a good idea to limit your printing to strings

of 79 characters or less. See program listings on page 105.

128

Plus/4,16

VIC

SYS 679

SYS 3072

SYS 1015

SYS 673

POKE 806,202:

POKE 806,121:

POKE 804,75:

POKE 806,122:

POKE 807,241

POKE 807,239

POKE 805,236

POKE 807,242

POKE 728.X

POKE 3128,X

POKE 1056,X

POKE 704,X

POKE 733,Y

POKE 3133,Y

POKE 1061,Y

POKE 709, Y

Change blinking speed (POKE location with 0-255 (Y); numbers greater than 234 speed up cursor)

A word of caution: The 64 ver

sion of Blick is subject to the infa mous lockup bug which affects version 2 of ROM. To see if your 64

so why not make PRINT state

ments a little more interesting? This

detour we have set up. This detour handles the blink and the click before jumping back to the main PRINT routine.

By The Numbers

the ADC instruction which means

tion, however, you use SEC to SEt the Carry flag just prior to any

ADd with Carry. Let's try it:

subtraction:

10 LDA

LDA SEC

20 CLC 30 ADC

SBC

To add two bytes together, use

Richard Mansfield

Senior Editor People unfamiliar with computer programming frequently have the mistaken idea that programming is

fundamentally a mathematical ac tivity. It's not, of course; it's not even a derivative of science or math. Programming is a new, unique ac tivity, part talent, part logic, part common sense and patience. Many

excellent programmers have had minimal math training.

Likewise, people unfamiliar with machine language program ming often assume that it, at least, must require a strong math back ground. But, again, this assumption is unwarranted. Calculations in volving trigonometry or other ad

vanced mathematical manipulations are best done in a higher-level lan guage like BASIC where provision

is made for SIN and COS and so forth. Also, floating point arithme tic (where your calculations require that a decimal point be available) is easiest via higher-level languages.

All the math you'll need to

After this, the accumulator will hold the result, 7. The CLC clears

the carry flag and should always be included in your programs just

before any addition. The carry flag flies up when the result of an addi tion goes beyond 255 and the re mainder is left in the accumulator,

not the total. The total, when the carry flag is up, is 256 plus the re mainder left in the accumulator. Thus, if your addition is likely to re sult in a number bigger than one byte can hold (bigger than 255) you need to take a different approach and utilize another common ML unit: two consecutive bytes. With

two bytes, we can count up to 65535 (one of the bytes will represent mul tiples of 256 and the other byte will represent the remainder). Here's

how to do double-byte addition: 10 CLC 20 LDA

6000

to arithmetic: multiplication, divi

30 ADC 40 STA

7000

sion, addition, and subtraction.

SO LDA

6001

And you'll use no decimal points nor, surprisingly, any negative numbers. A number with no deci

60 ADC

7001

70STA

6001

mal point is called an integer and in

two, two-byte units being added to

program ML will likely be limited

6000

This assumes that there were

ML programming you'll be more or

gether: one in addresses 6000 and

less exclusively concerned with performing arithmetic on simple,

6001

positive integers.

dition is left in addresses 6000 and

Let's see how to accomplish this arithmetic. The fundamental arithmetic unit in 6502 ML pro

6001. To add 255 + 255, you would

gramming is the byte which can

5 LDA

#255

6 STA 7 STA

6000 7000

B LDA

#0;STA 6001 :STA 7001

represent or "hold" any number

between 0-255. If you PRINT PEEK (1098), to take a random

and the other in addresses

7000 and 7001. The result of the ad

first put 255 into each unit:

cumulator. Two-byte subtraction

also follows the pattern used for addition: 10 SEC 20 LDA

6000

30 SBC

7000

40 STA

6000

50 LDA

6001

60 SBC

7001

70 STA

6001

We have subtracted the double-

byte number in 7000-7001

from

the double-byte number in 60006001 and left the result in 6000-6001. Multiplication can be accom

plished by putting an addition rou tine within a loop and repeatedly adding. To multiply something by five, just run through the loop five times: 5 LDX #5 10 LDA #0 20 CLC

30 LOOP ADC #3 40DEX 50 BNE LOOP

This would leave the result of 5 X 3 in the accumulator. However, there's an elegant

way to multiply involving the ASL instruction if one of the numbers in

volved is a power of two (2, 4, 8,16, 32, etc.).

This technique, along with di vision and multiple-byte arithme tic, isn't much more complicated

than single- or double-byte arith metic. We'll look at all of these top ics next month.

The result of all this would be

memory location, you might find that this address, this byte, held a 5 or a 173, but you'll never find that it

254 in 6000 and a 1 in 6001 (this lo

had a â&#x20AC;&#x201D;2 or 264. Those numbers

multiple of 256).

are beyond the range of a byte.

would leave the result, 2, in the ac

cation is the most significant byte, the one considered to be holding a Subtraction is similar to addi COMPUTED GHZOffo

May 1985

sent or retrieved by a single POKE or

3-D Graphics

Graph-Tech Software Co. has an nounced an upgraded version of its 3-D

World 64 graphics program for the Commodore 64 and 128. The graphics package has been expanded to include support of dot matrix printers. The original version of the pro gram enables Commodore 64 users to create complex, three-dimensional wireframi.' graphics, including rotation, zoom, and translation of all 3-D objects. The new Version 4.0 contains a module which permits hardcopy screen dumps

on most popular dot-matrix printers. It also cuts drawing time by 200 to 500 percent and allows saving and loading of individual screens to and from the disk. The upgraded version of 3-D World 64 retails for $39.95. Present owners of 3-D World 64 can obtain the Version 4.0 for $10. Editron Software Systems, 165 West 47ih St., Suite 4D, New York, NY 10036.

PEEK command.

The card can be used for control

ling lights, appliances, motors, and any electrical device or for high speed data

define up to 700 accounts and includes spreadsheets, voucher check writing, a client file, and production of mailing

stickers. The CCI Property Rental version

acquisition, automated test ing/experi mentation, and security systems. It can

adds to the accounting system a proper

also be connected to ana log-to-digital

tions of features for rental searches.

and digital-to-analog converters. Suggested retail price is $129. Intelligent I/O, Inc., 30 Lawrence Ave., Potsdam, NY 13676. Circle Reader Service Number 222.

Combat Simulation

Survival, from Infinity Software, is a fu turistic combat simulation game for the

ty file for up to 500 units with descrip Another version, CCI Mortgage Management, provides a property file

for up to 400 mortgages with full data on basic aspects of a mortgage, an inter nal bookkeeping system, and amortiza tion schedules in addition to the accounting system.

Prices vary from $75.95 to $154.95, depending on your equipment.

Clockwork Computers Inc.. 4612

Commodore 64. This two-player game

Holly Ridge Rd., Rockville, MD 20853.

takes place on a lonely planet in a farflung galaxy in the year 2044, combin

Circle Reader Service Number Z25.

ing chess-like strategy with standard war-gaming. You and your opponent command the RED and BLUE armies as you battle for the survival of your civilizations,

Circle Reader Service Number 220.

Survival is available on disk for $25.

128 Financial Planner, Enhanced Word Processor Timeworks has released the Commo dore 128 version of Sylvia Porter's Per sonal Financial Planner and an enhanced Word Writer 128.

Infinity Software, 536 Curie Dr., San

The Personal Financial Planner 128

Gato For The 64

Jose, CA 95723.

Spectrum

takes advantage of the new features of

Circle Reader Service Number 223.

the Commodore 128 and includes an electronic checkbook and checkwriting, budget preparation, tax aids, financial

HoloByte has released the

Commodore 64 version of Gato, a World War II submarine simulation game. This game puts you in the cap tain's seat of a "Gato" class submarine where you must carefully plan your strategy to avoid being sunk. The Commodore version includes eight missions, five difficulty levels, and three ships. Gato takes advantage of the 64's sound capabilities by incor porating digitized voices and subma

rine sound effects into the game. Earlier versions of the game are for the Apple and IBM. Gato for the Commodore 64 is

priced at $29.95. Spectrum HoloByte, Inc., 1050, Suite 325, Boulder, CO 80302.

128 CP/M Word Processor, Spreadsheet Pocket WordStar (with MailMerge) and Pocket CalcStar for the Commodore are now being distributed in the U.S. by

Davis Rubin Associates. Both Pocket WordStar and Pocket CalcStar are full implementations of the original Micro Pro programs.

Pocket WordStar with MailMerge is

priced at S189 and Pocket CalcStar costs $89. Davis Rubin Associates Ltd., P.O. Box 595, King of Prussia, PA 19iO6. Circle Reader Service Number 224.

Circle Reader Service Number 221.

Intelligent I/O For Commodore Intelligent I/O, Inc., has released its new BH100 General Purpose I/O Card for the Commodore 64, 128, and V1C-

20. The card plugs into the memory ex pansion port and provides a total of

eight, eight-bit parallel ports. Data is B6

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

128 And 64 Accounting System Clockwork Computers, Inc., has an nounced its CCI Bottom Liner (80column mode) accounting system for the Commodore 128. It's also available

for the 64 in 40-column mode. This accounting system for home and small business allows the user to

statement preparation, and financial in ventory tracking. The upgraded Word Writer 128 is an 80-column word processing system for

home and business use and works in 128 mode with either a 40- or 80column monitor. Its new features in clude on-screen highlighting, right margin justification, superscript and subscript, headers and footers, and speed keys. Word Writer 128 can be in terfaced with the Personal Financial Planner 128.

The programs retail for $69.95 each. Backup disks are available for Timeworks registered users for $14.70. Timaeorks Inc., 444 Lake Cook Rd., Deerfieid, IL 60015. Circle Reader Service Number 226.

Utility Kit For 64 The Vorpal Utility Kit, introduced by Epyx, is designed to enhance the Com modore 64 and 128 and make them eas ier to use.

The Kit features a head realign ment utility which remedies many head alignment problems for the Commo dore 1541 disk drive, and a file recovery

utility which recovers lost or damaged files. The Vorpal Utility Kit also includes the Vorpal Save and Load feature, which allows programmers to incorpo

rate the Vorpal Fast File loading utility into their own programs. In addition,

GET THE TO COMPUTER

EVERY THIS PAGE

fast-formatting and fast-disk backup

utilities reduce the time needed to load, format, and copy disks.

The Vorpal Utility Kit is available from retailers for $24.95 to $34.95. Epyx, Inc., 1043 Kiel Ct., Sunnyvale,

IBM Is ■ RtQliivml Traaamaiir or MlU BI

CA 94089.

Epson li ■ Haglstsmd Tridimart of Epton AinenCH. Inc.

Circle Reader Service Number 227.

Appit and the Apple

kiga are R«oJ*(er«d

Tudtinart3 ol Apple

compwsr. Inc.

Home Inventory Program

Compaq li ■ Rntoteitd

i. ..' ..i i k ol COMPAQ Computer Corporation.

How much is your personal property

worth? What's Our Worth? from Adita Enterprises is a home inventory pack age for the Commodore 64 that helps you keep track of your personal belong ings and their value. The menu-driven program allows you to enter items into your inventory,

search for specific information, change

or delete items, make a backup data disk, and view the disk directory. A 20-

page user manual is included. The program is marketed in Canada

by mail order for $19.95. Adita Enterprises, Inc., 116 Bermondsey Way NW, Calgary, Alberta, Can

ada T3K IV4.

Circle Reader Service Number 228.

)19M AT*T

TBChnoloql**.

technical staff

Learn the Basics the NRI Way-and Earn Good Money

ready to answer your questions or give you guidance and special

help whenever you need it.

Troubleshooting Any Brand of Computer

The biggest growth in jobs between now and

1995, according to Department ol Labor estimates, will occur in the computer service and repair business, where demand for trained technicians will actually double.

You can cash in on Ihis opportunity, DOCS you've learned all the basics ol computers the NRI

way. NRI's practical combination of "reason-why" theory and "hands-on" building skills starts you

New Commodore Games

CYGNUS has released a new line of software for the Commodore 64 and 128. Star Fleet I is a strategy game, pre

with the fundamentals o) electronics, then guides you through advanced electronic circuitry and on into computer electronics.

MBC'550.2 The vital core of your training is I he step-by-slep

QWZAM! for S39.95, and Stinger! for $19.95. CYGNUS, P.O. Box 57825, Webster, TK 77598. Circle Reader Service Number 229.

100-Page Free Catalog Tells More Send Ihe coupon today lor NHI'sbig 100-page

color CBtOlOfi on electronics training, which

gives you all the lacts about NRI courses in Microcomputers and other growing high-tech career fields. If the coupon is missing, write to

NRI 5choois. 3939 Wisconsin Ave., NW,

building ol the lB-bil Sanyo MBC-55A-2 computer.

Once you've mastered the details ol lliis IDM-I'C compatible machine, yoo'll be Qualified to service and repair virtually every major brand of computer, plus many ]>opular peripheral and accessory devices.

With NRI training, you learn at your own con venience, in your own home. You set Iht pace—

without classroom pressures, rigid night-school

schedules, or wasted lime. You build the Sanyo MBC-55U-2 from the keyboard up, with your own personal NRI instructor and the complete NRI

Computer Board Game

King Chip from XYLYX Computer En

SCHOOLS

McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Cenler

tertainment Limited is a new trivia

3939 Wisconsin Avenue, Washington. DC 20016

board game about computers and com

Your NRI course include, the Sanyo

MBCS5O-2 Com pular with 128K RAM. monitor, ih ■ !■ drtTO, and

"Intelligent" keyboard; the NRI Dlicovery Lab1. leaching circuit demlgn and operations; a Digital Miitirn- I.- . Bundled Spread Sheet and Word Processing Soilwnre worth tl GOO at retail—and more.

Sftl

irai

We'll give you tomorrow.

puting for two to six players. The game package includes six playing boards, a

a'cHECK ONE FREE CATALOG ONLY

die, various markers, and 675 cards

D Data Communications

containing 4,050 questions and an swers. You don't need a computer to

□ Color TV. Audio, and Vldoa System Servicing

□ Computer Etectronics irith MlcrocompuUri

LJ Robotics & Industrial Controls

play the game. The object of King Chip is to gain the throne and hold it for as long as

possible. Gaining and holding the

future peripherals such as printers and joyslicks.

You Build-and Keep-a Sanyo

QUIZAMt is a computer trivia game,

Star Fleet 1 retails for $49.95,

language. You'll also prepare the interlaces for

Washington, D.C. 20016.

viously available for the IBM PC. and Stinger! is a space arcade game for younger players.

Your NRI course includes inslallation and Iroubleshooting of the "intelligent" keyboard, power supply, and disk drive, plus you'll check out Ihe 8088 microprocessor functions, using machine

D EUclfonic Design Technology D Digital Electronics

it Conmunicalions Elecironus

□ Induslrul Eleclronics

For Career courses

aoproverj under Gl bill. □ ctieck lor details.

. Basic Electronics

I! Wepnone Servicing

D Small Engine Servicing

□ BuikJing Consl ruction Ago

51 (Ml

CltylS1at«/7»p

*cc*J.(od by irvnNaMgrtar Homo Sluisy Council

153-056 [

throne depends on your ability to answer the questions. There are six categories of questions: data communi cations, history and current events, hardware, jargon and acronyms, pot pourri, and software.

King Chip relails for $39.95 and is marketed in the U.S. by ingr.im Soft ware, Inc., 2128 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo,

NY 14207. XVLYX Computer Entertain ment limited, 20 Torbay Rd, Markham, Ontario, Canada L3R 1G6. Circle Reader Service Number 230.

Computer Golf Game The world-famous Pebble Beach Coif

Links course is recreated in hi-res color graphics in Championship Coif at Pebble Beach, a new game for Commodore

Sportsware, 5234 War Wagon Dr., San lose, CA 95136.

finance calculator helps determine the

Circle Reader Service Number 231.

monthly payments, based on varying interest rates, payment periods, trade-in allowances, and other variables.

Financial Software

The program also includes a short game called Depreciation Derby, in which you race against the clock to get

Aspen Glen Software has introduced

the Mutual Fund Prospector, a software program for the Commodore 64 to aid

your 12 used cars to the dealer for a

you in planning your financial invest

trade-in. The value of the cars drop as

ments. The program allows you to

you try to run the obstacles and time

identify new potential investments and helps you determine when to change your portfolio.

passes.

Chevy Tech is available for the Commodore 64 through mail order for

The Mutual Fund Prospector is

$3 (Please specify in a letter what kind of computer you have).

available for $49.95.

Aspen Glen Software, 87S Jackman

Chevy Tech, P.O. Box 2054, Warren,

St., Suite 157, El Cajon, CA 92020.

Ml 4S090-2054.

Circle Reader Service Number 232.

Circle Reader Service Number 233.

64/128 computers from Sportsware.

The game features variable tee place ments and pin positions, scorecard

gested retail price. Once you're comfort able with a particular configuration, a

"Disk Drive" A Chevrolet With Your Commodore 64

New Software from SSI

General Motors has devised a rather

Strategic Simulations Inc. has intro

unique way for personal computer own

duced a number of new games for the Commodore 64 and 128.

different clubs.

ers to calculate the cost of a new 1986 Chevy car or truck. The Chevy Tech disk begins by playing the Chevy theme

Data disks for Augusta National and the Tournament Players Club are

song, then lets you choose a vehicle from the entire 1986 line of cars and

major engagements of WWII from

also available.

light-duty trucks. The program then dis plays basic information about that mod el and lists optional equipment and prices, providing a running tally of sug

printout, and a bird's-eye view of the

course, including tees, fairways, greens, sand traps, the Pacific Ocean, and a close-up of the green for putting. There are two skill levels and a choice of 14

Championship Golf at Pebble Beach is available on disk for S24.95 prepaid or S27.95 C.O.D.

HAVE YOU GOT THE 1541 BLUES? WE'VE GOT THE PERMANENT FIX!! Here's what we do ... FIRST, we disassemble your 154! disk drive.

SECOND, we re-machine the stopper motor to ihe shaft. THIRD, we adjust the stepper motor and align the heads. FOURTH, we upgrade youi DOS ti> ihe latest version

Battlegroup is a tactical-level, his torically accurate simulation of all the North Africa in 1943 to the war's end in Germany. This sequel to KampfgTUppe

has four historical scenarios with three

levels of difficulty. For the Commodore 64. ($59.95)

BASIC IS FOR WIMPS! If you're serious about programming, it's time you moved up to pascal. BASIC is fine (or beginners. But pascal is Ihe lan guage used by professionals. Here's why . . .

• pascal is compiled/BASIC isn't. . . pascal programs run 30 times (aster! •pascal is structured/BASIC isn't . . . pasea< programs are easier to write and debug.

• pasea/can get you ahead in school/BASlC can't . . . pas

cal is required by the College Entrance Exam Board for advanced placement in computer science

• pascal can get you b /oo/BASIC can't... professional

software isn't written in BASIC

available, GUARANTEED FOR SIX MONTHS!

AND WE DO IT ALL IN 72 HOURS OR LESS!! TOTAL COST . . . S69.95. plus S7.50 shipping Br handling

We also service the entire Commodore Line with a 72

PASCAL

hour turn-around time (subjecl to pans availability). C-64

59.00

1541

65.00

'702

B5.OU

1525/801 1526/802 1541 Flash Installed

59,00 7S.00 125.00

(Includes DOS Bridge and Switch for 100% Software compatibility!

Call tor Repair Prices on othei Commodore Equipment We also repair Televideo Computers ami Okidu!;i Printers WE DO WARRANTY REPAIRS! - Coll tor Details S7.50 foishipping/SI 5.00 for APO/FPO or outside Coniinenta! US. Our BBS No. is 919-765-3892. Temporary Password - TRIAD

TRIAD COMPUTERS

3068 TRENWEST DRIVE. WINSTON-SAL EM. NC 27103 919-765-0433 COMPUTED Gaiotto

May I986

Don't Waste Any More Time! kyan pascal is a full implementation of standard pascal. It

features a compiler which generates 6502 machine code; builtin assembler which allows in-line or included assembly source code; and. a complete tutorial manual, kyan pascal runs on

any C64 or 128 with a single disk drive. Try II Out Today! II not satisfied, return it within 15 days for a refund kyan pascal tor the C64 S69.9S (plus S4 50 snippmg/$12.00 outside North America) [California residenls add 6.5% sales tax)

To Order Call: Send Check/

Money Order to:

(Visa/MC Accepted)

<41S) 626-2080 kyan software, Dept. XI

""..---i^-o

~i-"J7

1850 Union Street. "183

San FianciSCO. CA 94123

Nam, for the Commodore 64 with a

joystick, contains six realistic battle sim ulations based on actual situations in the Vietnamese War. Each small-unit action

ON LIMITED SUPPLY OF

scenario is playable with two alternate deployments. This combat game is set

on a 50 X 50 map grid with three diffi culty levels. ($39.95) Phantasie //, the sequel to Phanta sie, takes you to the Isle of Ferronrah where you and your adventurers de

stroy demons and their Orb and rid the land of the evil spell of Nikadcmus, the Dark Lord. This one-player game in

cludes six classes of characters and over 80 monster types. For the Commodore 64 with a joystick. ($39.95) Rings ofZilfin is a role-playing, fan tasy adventure game which uses ani mated window graphics and clues to

help you in your search for the Rings of Zilfin. You use magic, weapons, spells, the balance of forces, as well as the eco

nomic situation to fight 26 different kinds of monsters. For the Commodore

64 and 128. ($39.95) Wizard's Crown combines detailed war-game-type tactical battles with the magic and mystery of a fantasy quest. In this adventure game you can create a multitude of characters that move singly

or collectively. Wizard's Crown is for in termediate players on the Commodore 64. ($39.95)

Strategic Simulations Inc., 883 Stierlin road, Bldg. A-200, Mountain View, CA 94043-1983. Circle Reader Service Number 234.

PLUS/4™ COMPUTERS

AND FAMOUS BRAND DISK DRIVES INCLUDES

BUILT-IN SOFTWARE

for word processing^ file management, spreadsheets and 128 color graphics!

:■-

MONITOR'

Commodore1" designed Plus/4™ for small

businessesand programmers...then made

it VERY EASY for novices to learn and use. For programmers, this machine has easylo-use powerful commands and GOK of usable memory. And yoj can hook up as many as (our disk drives. FOUR highly popular programs are BUILJ-

INTO the machine And ihey quickly inter

SPREADSHEET or WORDPROCESSOR, so you can display calculations in up to 138 colors. ..or include graphics in your text

Touch a key to go from one built-in program to another. Additional software is available lor a variety of businesses or personal uses. Games available, too!

act with each other I Use the FILE WAN AGE-

ADDITIONAL FEATURES. Data base of 99

edit letters, reports, student papers with ihe WORDPROCESSOR before final printout,

before it must be transferred to diskdrive tor storage. Excellent terminal for use with modem. Split screen and windowing cap

MENTprogram for mailing lists, inventories, personal or business files, etc. Write and

budgets, sales forecasts,

profit/loss statements, etc., with SPREAD SHEET program Euery time you change a

number. Plus/4™ immediately recalculates

records. Computer holds 99 lines ot text

abilities Compatible with all Commodore^1 hardware except joystick and dataset. NOT compatible with C64 software.

Includes Commodore" warranty. c

OMNlCode] is a source code generator

entire spreadsheet. Combine the calcula

(a program that creates programs) which writes BASIC programs and sub routines to handle screen formatting,

tions with WORDPROCESSOR text.

Mfr.List:$299.00

Use GRAPHICS program to draw simple or

Closeout Price

input, and compiled output. The code generated is completely modular, well REMarked, and compiler-compatible. The program's user interface was designed so that even a novice can start using it with little more than a quick

glance through the manual. For the ex perienced programmer, OMNICodel can cut a ten-hour programming job down to about 30 minutes. The Commodore 128 version re quires at least one 1541 or 1571 disk drive and an 80-column display (either color or monochrome). It writes Com modore BASIC 7.0, and is compatible with the BLITZM28 BASIC Compiler from Skyies Electric Works. Retailing for $89.95, the package includes OMNlMerge-128,

which

allows the user to

merge tokenized BASIC programs and subroutines.

OMNlSoft & Associates, P.O. Box 280, Rogers, AZ 72756. Circle Reader Service Number 235.

■:'.'.•■

PLUGS INTO YOUR TV FOR A

Ideal for home or business! Perfect for programmers!

Do ihe books,

Source Code Generator For 128

complex shapes. GRAPHICS works with

DISK DRIVE (Compatible with I'ln

" ei j

i ■ r !•

$79

Item HI 164-5035-00! Ship, handling 58 00

■!

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COMPUTED GAZETTE Author Guide Here are some suggestions which serve to improve

the speed and accuracy of publication for prospective authors. COMPUTED GAZETTE is primarily interested in new and timely articles on the Commodore 128, 64,

Ptus/4, 16, and VIC-20. We are much more concerned with the content of an article than with its style, but articles should as be clear and well-explained as possible. The guidelines below will permit your good ideas

supply stores). 10. A good general rule is to spell out the numbers

zero through ten in your article and write higher numbers as numerals (1024). The exceptions to this are: Figure 5, Table 3, TAB(4), etc. Within ordinary text, however, the zero through ten should appear as words, not numbers. Also, symbols and abbreviations

should not be used within text: use "and" (not &), "reference" (not ref.), "through" (not thru).

and programs to be more easily edited and published: 1. The upper left corner of the first page should

ring to keys (RETURN, CTRL, SHIFT), BASIC words

contain your name, address, telephone number, and

(LIST, RND, GOTO), and the language BASIC. Head

the date of submission. 2. The following information should appear in the upper right corner of the first page. If your article is specifically directed to one model of computer, please state the model name. In addition, please indicate the memory requirements of programs. 3. The underlined title of the article should start about 2/3 of the way down the first page. 4. Following pages should be typed normally, except that in the upper right corner there should be an abbreviation of the title, your last name, and the page number. For example: Memory Map/Smith/2. 5. All lines within the text of the article must be

lines and subheads should, however, be initial caps only, and emphasized words are not capitalized. If you wish to emphasize, underline the word and it will be italicized during typesetting.

double- or triple-spaced. A one-inch margin should be

left at the right, left, top, and bottom of each page. No words should be divided at the ends of lines. And please do not justify. Leave the lines ragged. 6. Standard typing or computer paper should be used (no erasable, onionskin, or other thin paper) and

typing should be on one side of the paper only (upper- and lowercase). 7. Sheets should be attached together with a paper clip. Staples should not be used.

8. If you are submitting more than one article, send each one in a separate mailer with its own tape or disk.

11. For greater clarity, use all capitals when refer

12. Articles can be of any length-â&#x20AC;&#x201D;from a single-

line routine to a multi-issue series. The average article is about four to eight double-spaced, typed pages.

13. If you want to include photographs, they should be either 5X7 black and white glossies or color slides. 14. We do not consider articles which are submit

ted simultaneously to other publishers. If you wish to send an article to another magazine for consideration, please do not submit it to us. 15. COMPUTED gazette pays between $70 and $800 for published articles. In general, the rate reflects the length and quality of the article. Payment is made upon acceptance. Following submission (Editorial Department, COMPUTE!'* GAZETTE, P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403) it will take from two to four weeks for us to reply. If your work is accepted, you will be notified by a letter which will include a con tract for you to sign and return. Rejected manuscripts

are returned to authors who enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope. 16. If your article is accepted and you have since

9. Short programs (under 20 lines) can easily be

made improvements to the program, please submit an

included within the text. Longer programs should be separate listings. It is essential that we have a copy of the program, recorded twice, on a tape or disk. If your

entirely new tape or disk and a new copy of the article reflecting the update. We cannot easily make revisions

article was written with a word processor, we also

to be enclosed within plastic or cardboard mailers

the revised version as if it were a new submission entirely, but be sure to indicate that your submission is a revised version by writing, "Revision" on the envelope and the article. 17. computers GAZETTE does not accept unsolicited product reviews. If you are interested in serving on our panel of reviewers, contact our Features Editor for

(available at photography, stationery, or computer

details.

appreciate a copy of the text file on the tape or disk. Please use high-quality 10 or 30 minute tapes with the program recorded on both sides. The tape or disk should be labeled with the author's name and the title

of the article. Tapes are fairly sturdy, but disks need

COMPUTE!1* Gazette

May 1986

to programs and articles. It is necessary that you send

How To Type In COMPUTEI's GAZETTE Programs Each month, COMPUTED GAZETTE

Special Characters

This can be entered on the Com modore 64 by pressing the CTRL

publishes programs for the Com modore 128, 64, Plus/4, 16, and VIC-20. Each program is clearly

Most of the programs listed in each ters. To facilitate typing in any pro

braces. For example, {A} means to

marked by title and version. Be sure

grams from the GAZETTE, use the

to type in the correct version for

following listing conventions.

your machine. All 64 programs run

issue contain special control charac

The most commori type of con

on the 128 in 64 mode. Be sure to

trol characters in our listings appear

read the instructions in the corre

as words within braces: {DOWN}

sponding article. This can save time and eliminate any questions which

programs designed to make typing

means to press the cursor down key; (5 SPACES} means to press the space bar five times. To indicate that a key should be shifted (hold down the SHIFT

easier: The Automatic Proofreader,

key while pressing another key),

and MLX, designed for entering

the character is underlined. For ex

machine language programs. When entering a BASIC pro

ample, A means hold down the

might arise after you begin typing. We frequently publish two

key while typing the letter in press CTRL-A.

The Quote Mode Although you can move the cursor

around the screen with the CRSR keys, often a programmer will want to move the cursor under program control. This is seen in examples

such as {LEFT} and {HOME} in the program listings. The only way

the computer can tell the difference between direct and programmed cursor control is the quote mode.

gram, be especially careful with

SHIFT key and press A. You may see strange characters on your

DATA statements as they are ex

screen, but that's to be expected. If

you're in quote mode. This mode

you find a number followed by an underlined key enclosed in braces (for example, {8 A}), type the key

character and cursor left to change

tremely sensitive to errors. A mistyped number in a DATA state ment can cause your machine to

"lock up" (you'll have no control over the computer). If this happens, the only recourse is to turn your computer off then back on, erasing whatever was in memory. So be sure to save a copy of your program before you run it. If your computer

crashes, you can always reload the

as many times as indicated (in our

example, enter eight SHIFTed A's). If a key is enclosed in special

brackets,

it. You'll see a reverse video charac ter (a graphics symbol for cursor

left). In this case, you can use the DELete key to back up and edit the line. Type another quote and you're

corner of the keyboard) and press the indicated character.

get confusing, you can exit quote mode simply by pressing RETURN. Then just cursor up to the mistyped line and fix it.

Rarely, you'll see a single letter

of the alphabet enclosed in braces.

When You Read:

See:

can be confusing if you mistype a

3, hold down the

Commodore key (at the lower left

program and look for the error.

Press:

Once you press the quote key,

Press:

out of quote mode. If things really

See:

Press:

{PUR! (CRN!

[BLU| (YEL|

For Commodore 64 Only

I Fl ] ( F2 }

%■>■% p

I F5>

[COMMODORE [ [TJ '; COMMODORE j [~2~|

J 71

COMMODORE

-COMMODORE. . i

p 5 g

[COMMODOREI [JJ

g 7 g

COMMODORE ' 7_;

c „ q

\ COMMODORE; \T\

i F6 } f F7 )

COMPUTE1, s Gazello

May 19S5

The Philip I. Nelson, Assistant Editor "The Automatic Proofreader" helps you type in program listings for the

128, 64, Plus/4, 16, and V1C-20 and prevents nearly every kind of typing mistake. Type in the Proofreader exactly as

listed. Since the program can't check it self, type carefully to avoid mistakes.

Don't omit any lines, even if they con tain unfamiliar commands. After finish ing, save a copy or two on disk or tape

before running it. This is important be

cause the Proofreader erases the BASIC portion of itself when you run it, leav ing only the machine language portion in memory. Next, type RUN and press RE

TURN. After announcing which com puter it's running on, the Proofreader

displays the message "Proofreader Active". Now you're ready to type in a BASIC program.

Every time you finish typing a line and press RETURN, the Proofreader displays a two-letter checksum in Ihe upper-left corner of the screen. Com

pare this result with the two-letter checksum printed to the left of the line in the program listing. If the letters match, it's almost certain the line was typed correctly. If the letters don't match, check for your mistake and cor

rect the line. The Proofreader ignores spaces not enclosed in quotes, so you can omit or add spaces between keywords and still see a matching checksum. However, since spaces inside quotes are almost al ways significant, the Proofreader pays attention to them. For example, 10 PRINT'THIS IS BASIC" will generate

a different checksum than 10 PRINT'THIS ISBA SIC". A common typing error is transpo sition—typing two successive charac ters in the wrong order, like PiRNT

instead of PRINT or 64378 instead of

64738. The Proofreader is sensitive to the position of each character within the

line and thus catches transposition errors.

The Proofreader does not accept keyword abbreviations (for example, ? instead of PRINT). If you prefer to use abbreviations, you can still check the

line by LISTing it after typing it in, moving the cursor back to the line, and 32

COMPUTEIs Gazette

May 1986

pressing RETURN. LISTing the line

substitutes the full keyword for the ab breviation and allows the Proofreader to work properly. The same technique works for rechecking programs you've already typed in. If you're using the Proofreader on the Commodore 128, Plus/4, or 16, do not perform any GRAPHIC commands

while the Proofreader is active. When you perform a command like GRAPH IC 1, the computer moves everything at the start of BASIC program space—in

command while the Proofreader is in memory.

Though the Proofreader doesn't interfere with other BASIC operations, it's a good idea to disable it before run ning another program. However, the Proofreader is purposely difficult to dis lodge: It's not affected by tape or disk operations, or by pressing RUN/

STOP- RESTORE. The simplest way to disable it is to turn the computer off then on. A gentler method is to SYS to the computer's built-in reset routine (SYS 65341 for the 128, 64738 for the

{SPACEjPRINT "C-64" IF VEO50556 THEN PRINT

C-20" IF VEC=35158

LR:PRINT "PLUS/4 & 16" IF VEC-17165 THEN LO=45iHI= 46:GRAPHIC

GRAPHIC C

CLR:PRINT"128"

6:ADR=SA FOR J=0 E

166:READ

I!YT:POK

ADR,BYTsAI)R=ADR+l:C!!KaCHK

+BYT:NEXT

IF CHK<>20570

THEN

ERROR* CHECK TYPING STATEMENTSK : KND 90

FOR J=l

5:READ

DATA

RF.LF.Hft

RS-(256*HB) 100

CHK=CHK+RF+LF+1]F:POKE SA+L F,i,B:POKE SA+HF, HBlNEXT 110 IF CHKO22054 THEN PRINT " •ERROR* RELOAD PROGRAM AND

iSPACE|CHECK FINAL LINE":EN

120

POKE SA+149,PEEK(772):POKE SA+15O,PEEK(773)

130

VEC=17165

THEN

POKE

SA+

14,22:POKE SA+18,23:POKKSA+ 29,224:POKESA+139,224 140 PRINT CHK$(147);CHRS(17);" PROOFREADER

ACT1VE":SYS

150 POKE HI,PEEK(HI)+1:POKE (P EEK(LO)+2S6'PEKK(HI);-l,0iN EW

160

64802 for the VIC). These reset routines erase any program in memory, so be sure to save the program you're typing

180

If you own a Commodore 64, you

THEN

"VI

SA=(PEEK{L0)+256*PE£K(HI))+

64, 65526 for the Plus/4 and 16, and

in before entering the SYS command.

"AUTOMATIC PROOFREADS ";iIF VEC=42364 THEN

cluding the Proofreader—to another memory area, causing the Proofreader to crash. The same thing happens if you run any program with a GRAPHIC

PRINT R FOR

DATA 120,169,73,141,4,3,16 9,3,141,5,3 170 DATA 88,96,165,20,133,167, 165,21,133,160,169 DATA

0,141,0,255,162,31,18

1,199,157,227,3

190

DATA

202,16,248,169,19,32,

may already have wondered whether the Proofreader works with other pro gramming utilities like "MetaBASIC." The answer is generally yes, if you're using a 64 and activate the Proofreader

210,255,169,10,32 200 DATA 210,255,160,0,132,180 ,132,176,136,230,180

after installing the other utility. For ex ample, first load and activate Meta

6, 104,72,201,32,208 230 DATA 7,165,176,208,3,104,2 03,236, 104,166,180

BASIC, then load and run the

Proofreader. When using the Proofreader with another utility, you should disable both programs before running a BASIC pro

gram. While the Proofreader seems un affected by most utilities, there's no way to promise that it will work with

any and every combination of utilities you might want to use. The more utili ties activated, the more fragile the sys tem becomes.

The New Automatic Proofreader 10 VEC=PEEK(772)+256*PEEK(773) :LO=43rllI = 44

210

DATA 200,185,0,2,240,46,20 1,34,208,8,72

220

DATA

165,176,73,255,133,17

240

DATA 24,165,107,121,0,2,13 3,167,165,168,105 250 DATA 0,133,168,202,20(1,239 ,240,202,165,167,69

260 DATA 168,72,41,15,168,185, 270

211,3,32,210,255 DATA 104,74,74,74,74,168,1 85,211,3,32,210

280 DATA 2"i5,162,31 ,183,227,3, 149,199,202,16,248

290 DATA

169,146,32,210,255,76

,86,137,65,66,67

300

DATA 66,69,73,71,72,74,75, 77,B0,81,82,83,88 310 DATA 13,2,7,167,31,32,151, 116,117,151,128,129,167,136 .137

MLX

Machine Language Editor For The Commodore 64

Ottis Cowper

Technical Editor

played. You can get back to the menu

match, you'll hear a pleasant beep, the

will help you enter machine lan

from most options by pressing

data is added to the workspace area,

guage program listings without error.

RETURN.

and the prompt for the next line of data

MLX is required to enter all Commo dore 64 machine language programs

Entering A Listing

"MLX" is a labor-saving utility that

published in computed gazette.

This version of MLX was first pub lished in the January 1986 issue; it cannot be used to enter MLX pro

grams published prior to that date, nor can earlier versions of MLX be used to enter the listings in this issue. Type in and save a copy of MLX. You'll need it for all future machine language programs in COMPUTED GAZETTE, as

To begin entering data, press E. You'll be asked for the address at which you wish to begin. (If you pressed E by mis take, you can return to the command menu by pressing RETURN.) When you begin typing a listing, enter the

starting address here. If you're typing in a long listing in several sessions, you should enter the address where you left off typing at the end of the previous session. In any case, make sure ihe ad

grams in our companion magazine,

dress you enter corresponds to the ad dress of a line in the MLX listing.

COMPUTE', and COMPUTE! books.

Otherwise, you'll be unable to enter the

When you're ready to enter an ML pro gram, load and run MLX. It asks you for a starting and ending address. These

data correctly.

addresses appear in the article accom

with a nonblinking cursor. Now you're

well as machine language (ML) pro

panying the MLX-format program list ing you're typing. If you're unfamiliar with ML, the addresses (and all other values you enter in MLX) may appear strange. Instead of the usual decimal numbers you're accustomed to, these

numbers are in hexadecimal—a base 16 numbering system commonly used by ML programmers. Hexadecimal—hex

for short—includes the numerals 0-9 and the letters A-F. But even if you know nothing about ML or hex, you should have no trouble using MLX.

After you enter the starting and ending addresses, MLX offers the op tion of clearing the workspace. The data you enter with MLX is kept in a special reserved area of memory; clearing this workspace area fills the reserved area with zeros, which will make it easier to

find where you left off typing if you en ter the listing in several sessions.

Choose this option if you're starting to enter a new listing. If you're continuing a listing that's partially typed from a previous session there's no point in

clearing the workspace, since the data you load in will fill the area with what ever values were in workspace memory

at the time of the last Save. At this point, MLX presents a menu of commands: Enter data

After you enter the address, you'll see that address appear as a prompt ready to enter data. To help prevent

vance to the Save option). But if MLX detects a typing error, you'll hear a low buzz and see an error message. Then MLX redisplays the line for editing.

To edit a line, move the cursor left and right using the cursor keys. (The INST/DEL key now works as an alter native cursor-left key.) You cannot move left beyond the first character in the line. If you try to move beyond the

rightmost character, you'll reenter the line. To make corrections in a mistyped line, compare the line on the screen with the one printed in the listing, then move the cursor to the mistake and type the correct key. During editing, RE TURN is active; pressing it tells MLX to recheck the line. You can press the

typing mistakes, only a few keys are ac

CLR/HOME key to clear the entire line

tive, so you may have to unlearn some habits. MLX listings consist of nine col umns of two-digit numbers—eight bytes of data and a checksum. You do not type spaces between the columns; the new MLX automatically inserts these for you. Nor do you press RETURN after

if you want to start from scratch, or if

the menu.

typing the last number in a line; MLX

your work. When you select D, you'll

automatically enters and checks the line after you type the last digit. The only keys needed for data entry are 0-9

be asked for a starting address. (As with

and A-F. Pressing most of the other

keys produces a warning buzz. To correct typing mistakes before finishing a line, use the INST/DEL key

to delete the character to the left of the cursor. (The cursor-left key also de

letes.) If you mess up a line badly, press

CLR/HOME to start the line over. The RETURN key is also active, but only before any data is typed on a line. Press ing RETURN at this point returns you to the command menu. After you type a character, MLX disables RETURN until

the cursor returns to the start of a line. Remember, you can press CLR/HOME to quickly get to a line number prompt.

Beep Or Buzz? After you type the last digit in a line, MLX calculates a checksum from the

Display da la

line number and the first eight columns

Load data Save file

Press the corresponding key to select a menu option. These commands are

of data, then compares it with the value in the ninth column. The formula (found in lines 370-390 of the MLX program) catches almost every conceiv able typing error, including the trans

available only while the menu is dis

position of numbers. If the values

Quit

appears (unless the line just entered was the last line of the listing—in which case you'll automatically ad

you want to get to a line number prompt to use RETURN to get back to

Other MLX Functions The Display data option lets you review

the other menu options, pressing RE TURN at this point takes you back to

the command menu.) Make sure the ad dress corresponds to a line from the list

ing. You can pause the scrolling display by pressing the space bar. (MLX finish es printing ihe current line before halt ing.) To resume scrolling, press the

space bar again. The display continues to scroll until the ending address is reached, then the menu reappears. To break out of the display and return to the menu before the ending address is reached, press RETURN. A quick way to check your typing is to compare the reverse video checksums on the screen with the data in the rightmost column

of the printed listing, if the values match, you can be sure the line is en tered correctly.

The Save and Load menu options are straightforward. First, MLX asks for

a filename. (Again, pressing RETURN at this prompt without entering any thing returns you to the command menu.) Next, MLX asks you to press

either T or D for tape or disk. If you no tice the disk drive starting and stopping

several times during a load or save, COMPUWs Gazette

May 1966

don't panic; this behavior is normal be cause MLX opens and reads from or writes to the file instead of using the usual LOAD and SAVE commands. For

with a command such as LOAD "filename",i,\ for disk or LOAD "file name",\,\ for tape, then started with a SYS to a particular memory address.

disk, the drive prefix 0: is automatically added to the filename {line 750), so this should not be included when entering the name. (This also precludes the use of @ for Save-with-Rep lace, so remem ber to give each version saved a differ

(On the Commodore 64, the most com mon starting address for such programs

ent name.) MLX saves the entire work

loading and running the program.

is 49152, which corresponds to MLX address C00O.) In any case, you should always refer to the article which accom

longer than you might expect if you've

entered only a small amount of data from a long listing. When saving a par tially completed listing, make sure to note the address where you stopped

several hours invested in the project, Don't take chances—use our "Auto

matic Proofreader" to type in MLX, and then test your copy thoroughly before

Disk.) Make sure atl the menu options

amount of data. (Incidentally, MLX is

work as they should. Enter fragments of the program starting at several different

to verify that the data has been entered correctly. And be sure to test the Save

INCORRECT STARTING ADDRESS, which means the file you're trying to

and Load options several times to en

load does not have the starting address

disk or tape. Don't let a simple typing

you specified when you ran MLX; LOAD ENDED AT address, which

error in MLX cost you several nights of hard work.

sure that you can recall your work from

|^lil§l|§ il§|§

means the file you're trying to load ends before the ending address you

which means the file you're trying to ioad extends beyond the ending ad

dress you originally specified. If you get one of these messages and feel certain that you've loaded the right file, exit

For instructions on entering this listing, refer to "How To Type In COMPUTED GAZETTE Programs" elsewhere in this EK 100

The Quit menu option has the ob vious effect—it stops MLX and enters BASIC at a READY prompt. Since the RUN/STOP key is disabled, Q lets you

exit the program without turning off the computer. (Of course, RUN/STOPRESTORE also gets you out.) You'll be asked for verification; press Y to exit to BASIC, or any other key to return to the menu. After quitting, you can type RUN again and reenter MLX without losing your data, as long as you don't use the clear workspace option.

110

120

work, you're ready to see the results. The instructions for loading the fin ished product vary from program to program. Some ML programs are de

127

FA=PEEK(45)+Z6'PEEK(46)

:BS= PEEK(55)+Z6 * PEEK(56

):HS="0123456789ABCDEF"

SB 130 RS=CHRS<13)tLS="{LEFT3M :SS = " ■'iDS = CHRS(20)iZS = GQ

140

SD=54272iFOR

I»SD

270

=lil=5

150

TO250

2B0

PRINT"{RVS] QUIT ":INPU T"[DOWN3£43ARE YOU SURE [Y/N]";AS:IF LEPTS(AS,

290

POKE

300

INS=NS:AD=0:INPUTIN$:IF

310

320

1)O"Y"THEN220 SD+24,0lEND

LEN(IN?)< >4THENRETURN BS=INS:GOSUB320:AD=AiBS

aMTDS(IN$,3),GOSUB320iA

D=AD*256+A:RETURN A»0:FOR J=l

2;AS»MID

5(BS,J,1):B-ASC(AS)-C4+ (A$>"e")*C7iA=A«C6+B

330

B<0

B>15

340

NEXT:RETURN

350

THEN

B=INT(A/C6)iPRINT

AD=

MIDS(

HS.B+1,1)ttB=A-B*C6;PRI NT MIDS(HS,B+1,1);:RETU RN

=AD-A*Z6:GOSUB350 tPRINT BE PX

CK=INT(AD/26):CK=AD-Z4* CK+Z5*(CK>Z7)IGOTO3 90 380 CK=CK*Z2+25*(CK>Z7)+A 370

390

400

CK«CK+Z5*(CK>Z5):RETURN PRINT"[DOWNlSTARTING AT fc43"; :GOSUB300:IF NS

INS<>

THEN GOSUB1S30IIF

[SPACE)THEN400

JK SK

[2 SPACES)£8 §3 [2 SPACES)"SPC(28)"

S=NS THEN220 430 OPEK3,3:PRINT 440 POKE198,0:GOSUB360:IF F THEN PRINT INSiPRINT"

450

x ii [redHrvs} [2 SPACES]"SPC(2B>"

FOR 1=0 TO 24 STEP 3:BS =SS)FOR J=l TO 2:IF F T HEN BS«MIDS{INS,I+J,1)

460

PRINT"[RVS]"BSL5riIF K 24THEH PRINT"(OFF}";

470

GET

480

IF(AS>"/"ANDA5<":")0R(A

490

S>"@"ANDAS<"G")THEN510 IF AS=<rs AND( (I = 0)AND(J

53280,15:POK

[REDjlRVS)

(12 SPACES IfBLU}" FR 170 PRINT"[3 DOWN] [3

SPACESiCOMPUTEl'S

CHINE

LANGUAGE

DOWN]"

EDITOR

PRINT"{BLKjSTARTING

DtGOSUB1040:IF

ADD

PRINT"[RVSj

500

PRINT'MBLK][2 SPACES3EN DING ADDRESSED"? iGOSUB

510

520

KR 200 INPUT"{3 DOWnHBLKICLEA

RIGHT 1";

A5=IF

AS=NS

=1)OR F)THEN

3O0:EA=AD:GOSUB103O:IF

ENTER DATA

{SPACEJ":GOSUB400:IF IN

THEN470

PRINT B$r:

J=2tNEXT:I=24:GOTO5 50

THEN18

ESPACEjF THEN190

RETURN

{UP) (5

(2 SPACESJ{OFF]IBLU) ML

GF 190

GOTO420,610,6

PRINT"ICLR]"CHRS(142)CH

EJ 160 PRINT TS"

180

90,700,280:GOSU31060 :GO

8,52

R$(8):POKE E 53281,15

NEXT:ON

410 420

I,0:NEXTtPOKE

[SPACE}SD+24,15;POKE 78

May 1996

LOAD "filename",% for disk or LOAD

COMPUTE!* Gazette

GET AS:IF AS-NS THEN250 A=0iFOR 1=1 TO 5:IP AS= MIDS("EDLSQ",I,1)THEN A

EX HD

+23;POKE

programs, so all you need to type is

must be reloaded to specific addresses

250 260

BIGHT}"

RBSSB4i";!GOSUB300:SA=A

their MLX starting address.) Others

JH HK

PILE":PRINT T$"[RVS]Q [OFF)UIT(2 DOWN][BLK]"

RR 360 A=INT(AD/Z6)tGOSUB350!A

signed to be loaded and run like BASIC

"filename" for tape, and then RUN. (Such programs usually have 0801 as

PRINT TS"(RVS]S[OFP)AVE

C4=48!CG=16:C7=7iZ2=2iZ

CHRS(0).TS-"[l3

TS"

lRVS]L{OFF}0AD DATA"

240

4=254;Z5-255:36=256:Z7 = CJ

R DATA" PRINT TS"{RVSjD{OFF]lSP

56,50iCLR:DIM INS,

I,J,A,B,AS,BS,A(7),N?

The Finished Product When you've finished typing all the data for an ML program and saved your

POKE

(DOWN)§4r'i

LAY DATA":PRINT

issue.

and rerun MLX, being careful to enter

the correct ending address.

230

addresses, then use the Display option

when saving to tape.) MLX also has three special load error messages:

TRUNCATED AT ENDING ADDRESS,

(SPACEjMENU

PRINT TS"[rvS3e(0FF)NTE

first using it to enter any significant

MLX reports any errors detected

specified when you started MLX; and

DR 220 PRINTTAa(ia)"{2 DOWN] {BLK)(RVS) MLX COMMAND

By the time you finish typing in the data for a long ML program, you'll have

included every month on the gazette

should bear in mind that the Commo dore 64 is never able to detect errors

ING..."t :FORI-GS TO US+ EA-SA+7:POKE I,0iHEXTiP RI NT ■'DONE"

typing so you'll know where to resume entry when you reload. during the save or load. (Tape users

EN220

PG 210 PRINT"{2 DOWNHBLUjWORK

panies the ML listing for information on

space area from the starting to ending

address, so the save or load may take

R WORKSPACE [Y/N]E43";A SiIF LEFTS(A$,l)o"Y"TH

IF AS="[HOME!" THEN PRI NT B?:J=2jNEXT:I=24:NEX TiF=0:GOTO440

if(aS="£right]")andf th enprint bsls;1goto540 IF

A$«>LS

AND

ASoDS

(<I=0)AND(J»=1>)THEN

GOS

530

UB1060:GOTO470 AS=LS+SS+L$:PRINT B$LS; :J=2-J:IF J THEN PRINT

540

550

NEXT I:PRINT:PRINT"tUP) (5 RIGHT)";iINPUT#3,INS ilf INS-N5 THEN CL0SE3:

THEN GOSUB380:A(I

/3J=A

INK

580

590

a<>ck then

gosu

6<li":F=liGOTO4<10

GOSUB1080:B=BS+AD-SA:FO

R 1=0 TO

L0SE3:P RINT"[DOWN!{BLU1 ** END OF ENTRY "*JSLK) DOWN)"tGOTO700

600

610

PRINT"[CLR]E DOWN}[RVS1 [SPACEjDISPLAY DATA

OSUB400:IF

INS=N?

":G

THEN2

print" (down] ! blu j press:

(rvs)spacetoff) to pau se, (rvs)return[off! to

]

630 GOSUB360:B=BS+AD-SA:FOR I=BTO B+7:A=PEEK(I):GOS

U8350:GOSUB380:PRINT SS

NEXT:P RINT"{RVS}"; :A=CK :GOSUB3 50:PRINT KH

650

F=ljAD=AD+8:IF

AD>EA

>0)+l SA 860

THEN F=F+1:GOS

670

UB1060 660 ONFGOTO6 30,660,630

690

PRINT"[DOWN)[RVS} LOAD

(SPACEJDATA ":OP=1;GOTO

60:PRINT"[RVS[ERROR: GQ

870

710

8B0 POKElB3,PEEK(FA+2)(POKE 187,PEEK(FA+3)(P0KE1B8, PEEK(FA+4) iIFOP="0THEN92 0

890 SYS 63466:IF(PEEK(783)A ND1)THEN GOSUB1060:PRIN T"(DOWN)[RVS} FILE NOT

900

(SPACEjFOUND

PRINT"(DOWNnRVS)

(space)file

SAVE

"iop=a

GOTO970

2)-ltF=F-2*(A<EA)-3'(A> EA)iAD=A-AD:GOTO930 KM 920

A=SA:B=EA-H iGOSUB1010:P OKE730,3:SYS 63338 JF 930 A=BS:B=BS+(EA-SA)+1;GOS UB1010JON OP G0TO95B:SY S 63591

AE 940 GOSUB1080:PRINT"(BLU}"" SAVE COMPLETED

0220 POKE147,0:SYS

950

INS-NSiINPUT"[DOWN}FILE

O220

(RVSjERROR

980

LOAD:

F G0SUB98

0,990,1000:GOTO220 PR1NT"INC()RRECT STARTIN G ADDRESS (";JGOSUB360: PRINT")"lRETURN

GR 990

PRINT"LOAD

ENDED AT

";:

AD=SA+AD:GOSUB360:PRINT FD

1000

740

INT"TtDOWN)":GOTO880 IF A$<>"D"TMEN730

PRINT"D[DOWN]":0PEN15,8

760

0:"+IN$;IF OP THEN810 OPEN 1,8,8,INS+",P,W":G

OSUBB60IIF A THEN220 770 AH=INT(SA/256):AL=SA-{A H*256);PRINT*1,CHRS(AL)

•256):POKE174,AL:POKE1 75,AHJRETURN 1030

I»0

1040

AD<SA

AD>EA THEN

IF(AD>511

AND AD<40960

)OR(AD>49151 AND AD<53 248JTIIEN GOSUB1O8O:F=0 :RETURN

1050 GOSUB1060:PRINT"[RVSj

[SPACEJlNVALID ADDRESS [DOWN)(BLK j"iF=l:RETU

1060

TO B:PRINT#1,CH

POKE SD+5,31:P0KE SD+6 ,208:POKE

SD,240jPOKE

[SPACE)SDtl,4tPOKE SD+

R5(PEEK(BS+I));>IF ST T HEN800 NEXTjCLOSEIICLOSE15:GOT

1050

,15,"10:"tB=EA-SA:INS="

;CURS(AH);

ADt)RESS"iRETURN

•256)iPOKE193,AL:POKEl

GET

HH 750

END

94,AH 1020 A!I=INT(B/256):AL=B-(AH

730

1010 AH=INT(A/256):AL=A-(AH

A?:IF AS»="T"THEN

PRINT"TRUNCATED

FC 790

DURING

[DOWN)§43":ON

F=0:PRINT"[DOWN)(BLKj [RVSJt[OFF]APE OR [RVSj D(OFF]ISK: 643"?

FOR

63562:IF

DP 970 GOSUB1060:PRINT"{BLK)

PR 7 20

780

**":GOT

[SPACE)ST<>64 THEN970 FR 960 GOSUB1080:PRINT"(BLUj" LOAD COMPLETED **":G0T

ING

(SPACEJTHEH220

":GOTO690

AD=PEEK(829)+256*PEEK(8

30):IF ADOSA THEN F=li

1070

4.33 FOR S=l

100iNEXT:GO

TO1090

0940 GS

800

GOSUB1060JPRINT"[DOWN) [BLKJERROR DURING SAVE:

810

OPEN

820

1080

1090

643":GOSU886Q;GOTO220 1,9,8,IN5+",P,R":G

Modifications And Corrections

RETURN

NAMEB4S";INS:IF INS.=NS

DS:RETURN

710 700

A THEN

CLOSE1iCLOSE15:GOSUB10

SUB1080;GOTO220

GOTO960,970

INPUT#15,A,AS:IF

ENPRINT'MDOWN) [BLUj ** E ND OF DATA **":GOTO220 KC 660 GET ASiIF AS=R? THEN GO IP AS=SS

THEN F=3

SC 910 A=PEEK(831)+256'PEEK(83

NEXTiIF ST<>64

FQ 850 CL0SE1iCL0SE15ION ASS{F

7iP0KE B+I,A(I

):NEXT AD=AD+8:IF AD>EA THEN C

620

FA 840

REENTER L

F-0:GOTO440

[SPACEJST AND(K>B)THEN

B1060:PRINT"[BLKj [ RVS i {.SPACEjERROR:

OKE BS+I,ASG(AS+ZS)iIF

FOR 1=1 TO 25 STEP3:BS= MIDS(INS,I):GOSUB320:IF

next::f

F»l!GOTO850

1=0 TO H:GET#1,AS:P

F-2:AD»IiI-B

(SPACE)SS;

K25 570

FOR

AS;;NEXT J:PRINT

GOTO220

KH 830

(SPACe)LS; :I=I-3

QC 560

)+256"ASC(SS+Z?):IF AD OSA THEN

POKE SD+5,8:POKE SD+-6, 240:POKE SD,0:POKE SD+ 1,90:POKE FOR

S=>1

SD+4,17

• "Cataloger" (March) included modifi cations for the 128. If you change the number 800 to 2000 in lines 10 and 370, you should also make this charge in line 920. Thanks to reader William j. Eline for finding this correction. In ad

dition, line 360 of the program (all ver sions) crashes when it encounters a single disk file containing 100 or more blocks and a filename 16 characters long. The following line fixes this bug: SX

360 BS(C)=B$(C)+LEFTSISS,20

-LEN(BS(C)j-LEN(NMS))+N M?+"12

SPACES)"+DNS

• The "Banners" (December 1985) pro

gram modifications for the 1526 and MPS-802 suggested changing CHR$(8) to CHR$(32) in lines 360 and 390. This same change should also be made to

line 480 (64 and Plus/4 versions) or460 (VIC version). • The 64 version of "Custom Labels" (February) should work correctly, but if you own a Plus/4 or 16, some addition al changes are required. As stated in the

article, the number 1026 in line 200 should be changed to 3074, and the 1035 in line 210 should be changed to 3083. These same changes apply to

lines 400-410 and 490-500. • The printer thai made the listing of Program 2: Menu from "128 Autoboot" (March) inserted an extraneous ques tion mark in line 120. To fix it, remove the question mark from between the 1 and the 3 in CHR$(13). The same kind of error appears in line 66 of Program 4

("Mountain Demo") of "The Coordina tor." It has no effect on the running of the program, but will affect the check sum when you're typing it in. • A portion of the program listing under

Sound Effects For PRINT (page 16 of "Gazette Feedback," January) was ap parently folded under when printer's negatives were made. Missing from the listing are the final line number (80),

the first D of DATA, and part of the number 104 (the fourth number from the end).

10B:NEXT:PO

OSUB8G0tIF A THEN220

SD+4,0:POKE SD,0:PO

GET#1,AS,BS:AD=ASC{AS+Z

SD+1,0:RETURN

<tf COMPUTEfs Gazoffo

May 1986

Arcade Baseball Article on page 38.

3,1,2 20,201,2 39,240,1,9

BEFORE TYPING . . . Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In COMPUTED GAZETTE Programs,"

220

169,129,141,4,212,169,2

55,133

DATA

230,189,238,101,3,

450

230

,96,169,0,133,187,96,17

208,16,173,100,3,201,11 3,144 DATA 9,201,121,176,5,16 9,1,141,16 7,3,96,64,25 5 ,87,255,100,2 55,113,25 5 DATA 126,255,139,255,15 2,255,16 5,2 55,188,2 55,2 01,255,214,2 5 5,2 27,25 5, 240

DATA

165,3,240,24,169,0

460

470

480

63,9,64,197,162,208,25 2

240

DATA

32,189,193,41,3,17

0,76,147,193,169,255,14 1,0,220,169,0,141,1,220 PX

250

DATA 169,254,141,0,220, 173,1,220,201,2 48,176,2

POKE56,48:POKE55,0:CLR:G

260

OSUB780

PRINT"[7

RS(14)"g4iPLEASE (8 EC

WAIT

UPJ"

270

IFCO104062THENPRINT" CQ

ICLRjDATA ERR0B":ST0P DATA 173,4,220,141,166,3 ,169,IB,141,5,212,169,10 0,141,1,212,169,0,133 DATA 187,133,188,133,189

290

300

DATA

280

DATA

144,216,169,27,141,

310

DATA

Rli

320

110

,96 PP

330

340

DATA 120,169,240,141,26 ,208,169,49,141,20,3,L6 9,234,141,21,3,169,129, 141 140 DATA 13,220,88,96,1,5,2

150

DATA

160

3,76,152,192,169,2,141, 21,208,169,1,141,23,208 DATA 160,7,169,0,153,11

170

350

180

360

370

3,251,165,252,73,255,10

BX 380 DATA 133 , 252,19B,248,20

65,252

210

550

DATA 0,115,219,219,219,

:POKEI,255-J:NEXT :POKEI,J:NEXT

219,113,0,0,111,102,102 ,102,102,198,0 BD

560

390

DATA

101,6,133,252,165,

570

580

590

DATA

141,17,208,169,129

,130 410

DATA

3,76,181,194,169,2

600

420

DATA

201,3,208,58,169,0

,3,169

,133,5,133,6,230,188,17

DATA

3,100,3,56,237,101,3

130,141,120,3,169,

,220 DATA

430

DATA

610

COMPUTEl's Gazette

May 1986

JB 440

DATA

253 DATA 255,255,87,87,95,9 5,127,127,255,255,125,1 125

620

DATA

126,255,255,255,25

5,255,255,255,255,255,2 55,255,255,255,255,126 FA

630

DATA 127,255,255,255,25 5,255,255,127,254,255,2

55,255,255,255,255,254 MD SD

640 650

0=14336 READBiIFB<0THENFORA=lTO

ABS(B):POKEQ,0iQ=Q+liNE XT:GOTO650 IFB=256THENFF=1jGOTO7 30 POKEQ,B:Q=Q+1IGOTO650 DATA -25,60,0,0,255,0,0

,85,0,0,85,0,0,20,-51,2 0,0,0,255,0,0,255,0,0,8

5,0,0 HR

690

DATA

20,-51,20,0,0,85,0

,0,85,0,0,255,0,0,60,-6 6,255,0,7,255,224,31,25

5,248 KA

700

DATA

63,255,252,127,255

,254,127,255,254,255,25 5,255,25 5,255,2 55,2 39,2

24,105,15,16,2,169

2 51,189,23,195,133

DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,126, 255,255,255,126,60,24,0

25,125,125,125,125,125,

,0,201,28,144,2,169,27, 10,170,189,22,195,133

169,0,141,1,220,17

255,255,255,126,06

,0,213,213,245,245,253,

24,141,130,3,96,165,188 ,208,67,17 3,30,208,41,3 MP

DATA

,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 HS

130,3,201,2 26,240,6,2 38 XC

130,130,130,130,13

0,024,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0

670 680

DATA 181,194,169,226,14 1,130,3,76,181,194,173,

DATA

,0,0,0,0 CM

HP KQ

400

170,170,170,165,14

0,170,170,170,128,0,0,0

,224,240,6,206,130,3,76

DATA

9,149,149,149,170,170,1 70,90,86,86,86,B6

12,141,37,208,169,11,14 38,208,169,127,141

149,149,149,149,16

86,90,170,170,170 SB

660

DATA

5,170,170,170,86,86,B6,

129,141,26,208,96,165,1 87,208,26,169,127,141,0 BA

FORI=12672TO12727tREADJ

254,16,21,173,130,3,201

,16,208,169,117,141,100 200

540

3,169,0,141,40,208,169,

,141,26,208,169,2 50,141

5,0

27 190

FORI=12568TO12671:READJ

3,24,101,251,141,1

41,101,3,169,230,141,12

3,169,227,141,131,

KE1,55:POKE56334,1

DATA 50,133,253,165,252 ,48,6,169,60,133,251,20

141,100,3,201,16,240,4 DATA 201,217,208,17,165 ,251,73,255,24,105,1,13

KE829,56:POKE56334,0 P0KEl,51iML?=MLS:SYS(PE

530

50,3,173,100,3,101.252,

:POKE835,0 POKE836,208:POKE830,0:P

DATA

169,0,192,0,192,0

EK(51)+256'PEEK(52))iPO

101,254,141,120,3,

8,60,169,20,133,248,165 ,251,24,101,5,133,251,1

DATA

520

,150

,13,220,169,214,141,20, 3,169,193,141,21,3,169, RD

3 DATA

8,4,169,190,133,251,173

192,169,4,141,162,

1 FQ

169,90,133,247,32,

,208,22,169,0,133,254,1

8 , 3 ,136,16,248,169,90,1

QJI

174,16 7,3,208,26,201,66

130

,3,76,38

DATA

40,3,141,140,3,173,120,

,5,3,5,2,5,1,201,30,240 DR

5 DATA 3,141,16,208,169,2

DATA 3,173,164,3,24,105 ,24,141,164,3,202,16,21

510

208,185,110,3,10,1

39,19 3,16 5,253,24,109,1

2 50,189,175,192,141,162

DATA

,3,24, 105,24,141,163

9,169,2,141,21,208,173 120 DATA 100,3,56,233,9,162

6,188,254,198,247,240 ,1

,255,232,56,233,24,176,

DATA 3,96,200,250,180,2 00,5,0,0,248,0,0,0,255, 169,1,141,25,208 DATA 169,0,133,3,160,7, 162,14,185,100,3,157,0,

50,141,18,208,230,162,7

3,144,8,205,164,3,

176,3,76,38,192,17 3,16 3

ML$ = "£ir+CHRS(B)+"EX3< "+CHRS(3)+"E23XJ"+CHR$(

OKE831,216:POKEB28,0:PO

7,202,202,136,16,227,16

62,7,173,100,3,205,163 100

500

133,252,169,3,141,

02,3,185,130,3,153,248,

163,3,169,37,141,164,3,1 JH

DATA

208,185,120,3,157,1

DATA 169,0,141,162,3,76, 152,192,174,167,3,208,11 4,201,76,176,220,201,69

10,56,109,166,3,141,166

32,15,194,32,254,19

73,120,3,201,250,208,8

DATA 130,0,143,0,156,0,

133,253,169,0,133,

21,208,96,173,166,3,10,

4,32,182,194,3 2,15,194,1

490

,251

,173,30,208,32,199,192,1 69,0,141,167,3,32,85,193

DATA

2 54,169,20,133,248,169, 224,141,130,3,169,0,133

FORA=49152TO49999:READB:

,193 HM

POKEA,B:C=C+B:NEXT

DATA 232,74,144,252,134 ,2,189,206,193,133,5,18 9,210,193,133,6,189,202

DOWNj"SPC(14)CH

255,0,0,0,0,16,0,2

,104,0,117,0

255 10

DATA

9,0,42,0,5 5,0,68,0,91,0

34,73,255,74,74,74,162, KB

254,169,120,133,25

3,96,173,120,3,201,120,

,133,162,32,1B9,193,41, DX

DATA

173,101,3,201,145,240,1 3

which appears before the Program Listings.

,252,169,128,141,4,212,

6,165,189,208,14,230,18

710

DATA

129,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

0,0,0,0,0,0,0,129

720

DATA

128,0,0,0,0,0,0,12

{ DOWN) C[ DOWN ) K " J C7OTO11

IjlOFFl

8,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 PB

730

POKE53272,23:POKE53270,

740

200 CL(1)=10:CL(2)=14:FL=0:

AH 860

,0 :NEXTiPOKEA,15:POKE54

12)"12 DOWN}PLAY 18 SPACES IF?11

IN=liSK=0jCK=0:P1S="

RC 870

770

IFFF=ITHENRETURN

780

PRINT."[CLR] 13

DOWN)

IREDJ"SPC(6);:POKE53281

IFMTS="tFl)"THENFL=l;IN

890

S="1":GOTO920 CS="[14 SPACESj":PRINTC

<V3

910

920

IKVSJR.K3";

SPACES][RVS]

"SPC(12)" fBLU] [RVSJR.K3

810

[RVSj|K3JOFF]

PRINT"

IRVS}R.V31OFFJR.V3

tRVS]

gc3R.v3R.c3R.v3 [2 SPACES}[RVS)E2 13 lOFF) {2

EV3[2 SPACES}§C|[RVSJ £2 iHOFFJiViU DOWNj"S PC(9) ;

MR 820 PRINT"{REDJ R.f3[offJ£f3 {OFF}

W-1063:POKEW,160iAS = '" [RVS) 10FF]"

POKEW+54272,6iCS-"lRVS)

950

[CYNH26 FK

960

970

980

SPACES]"

F0RU=lTO2:F0RI=lT0l2tPR

990

1090

INTSPC(32)",lGRN}+*

[HOME)[BLU]" PR

1100

1110

IFTEKP=1THENTEMP=0:GOT

IrvsJR.k31offJRk|

830

1010

1120

01210 IFOUTOTHEN1210

1130

IFNP=1THEN1660

1140

IFIN>=3ANDCK=1ANDS(1)< >S(2)THEN1660 1150 OUT=0;TEMP=1:POKEFB,32

1160

ANGE

DOWNj"SPC(27)

"[RED]1RVSJ[12

SPACES]

(OFFJISlRVS) 3B

1170

{RVS}I 14

{OFFJ#S1RVS} IB" PRINT"R33'([RIGHT)p( iRIGHT] '(I RIGHT) '( [RIGHT)'|[RIGHT]'( [RIGHTI'({RIGHT]'( {RIGHT] '( ":PRINT"U [RIGHTjSS.1 RIGHT}%& [RIGHT}%SitRIGHT}*i. 1RIGHT]%£.[RIGHT}%S [RIGEiT!%SlRIGHT)*i." PRINT"[HOME)18

SPACES)I DOWN}

LEFT)IRVS}

SPACES){DOWN} SPACES}":PR

14 QQ

":Y=24 1020 X=I:FORI=1T06:FORZ=1TO

1:GOTO1190 1180

CK=CK+1:IFCK=2THENCK=0

1190

IFPL=1THENPL=2:P1S="

{RVS)H0ME":P2S="VISIT0

R":GOTOU00 AH

1200

1210

1220

SPACES}IRVSJEK3|OFF]

§K3lRVS)R.K3{OFF}£KS

1030

Y=Y-1iX=X+l:NEXTI:PRIN

1040

T"[RVSJ17 SPACESllOFF} 0"SPC(10)"llRVS) 17 SPACES)I HOME) [14 DOWN] IWEiTj"; IFFL=lTHENPRINT"lHOME)

IRVS]£KiI OFF}£K3IRVS] 12

SPACES]{RVSj

EK3I OFF)fK3"SPC(10)"EC3 [RVSJR2 IHOFF] gC^Vl iRVS]E2

JK 850

I^iOFF)

PRINT"lOFF|RV3EC3[RVS]

(2 DOWN]"SPC(29)"IRVS) 1BLU]P[DOWN J R1 DOWN J A [ DOWN JCl DOWN JT [ DOWN ] I

[RVS)VISITOR"iGOTOl100 IFPEEK(53250)>90THENFO RA=PEEK(53250JTO93STEP -1;POKE53 250,A:NEXT

SYS49152:IFPEEK(93O)TH

83,17 ES

1230

IFFL=lTiiENRM=RM-l :PRIN

T"[H0ME|[18

DOWNJIGRN}

"SPC(2a)"[RVS}PITCHt;S" RM"{LEFTJIRVSJ " rg

1240

tffl=iamdrm=bthi:ni r.9fl

1250

IFFL=1THEN1210

1260

1270

PRINT"[HOME)":KT=54272

MT=PEEK(930):IFMT>4THE NOUT=0UT+liSK=0iGOTOll

BS"0" J :PaiNTTAIl(Y)"l"B

PL=l:PlS="H0ME"tP2S«"

ENPOKE54283,16:POKES42

X:BS=BS+A?:NEXTZ:PRINT

840

SPACES]";IFNP

DOWN]

PRINT"[UP}"SPC(fi)"

=1THENCK=0:1N=IN+1:PL=

[OFF]#S

lOFFifStRVSJ

BATTERS":FORI=1TO

1000:NEXT

PRINT"{RVS][REDjlB

12 LEFT){2 INT"12

IDLU]

:POKESB,32:POKETB,32

PRINT"(11

[RED]"SPC(ia)"[RVS)

SPACES]ERVSJ

GOSUB1600:IFFL-1THEN12

S"lGRN)"DS"{HOME]"

SPACES]IRVSJ&KilOFF}

lOFF}-

|RVS|N{OFfJ#" PRINTSPC(31)",[RVS]M 1 OFF]4 IRV S}NI OFF J•":P R

PRINT"{HOME][14 DOWN} {RVS){CYN)16 SPACES JCIt

[RVS]

Rk3 R.C3 iv3 I off ) Bv3 I rvs j

[OFF].[RVSj

POKESM+54272,TE:NEXTI:T

tHOME] [DOWN} 1WE1T]"iPOKE

R.D31RVSJR.D3R.F3

[OFFJEK312

INTSPCJ30)",[RVS)M

1543,160:POKE55815,2

[RVS)R.K3§D3 [Rvs)R.v3t;C3

fRVS)

E=5 :W=154 3:NEXTU:PRINTC

PRINTSPC(29)",[RVSjM I OFF].{RVS)I 3 SPACES) [OFF J-{RVS)N1 OFF)*":PR

INTCS;:POKE646,TEjPRINT DS:SM=W+40"I:POKESM,160

£K3"SPC(10)" tWHTi [RVS)

SPACESJIRED}

;DS = "[RVS]U2

{0FFHF3 (2

1080

POKE53272,28:POKE53282,

AR 940

QC 1000

tOFF}

INS>"2"THEN910 NP=VAL(IN5)tPOKE933,-(N P=l):PRINT"lCLRj";iPOKE

,PEEK(53270)OR16

[2 SPACESj(RVSjR.K3{OFF)

I OFF)*"

POKE198,0:WAIT19B,1:GET

3jPOKE532B3,0:POKE5 3270

31OFF)

[OFF]R.F3

[GBN)5"SPC(3)"{RVS)C"S

[5 EPACESjTOFF)-lRVSlN

PLAYERS1'

53 280,2tPOKE53281,l:TE=

QS 930

SPACES)

PC{3)"[OFF]6lWHT) [LEFT] [GRN]"iPRINTSPC'( 28)",{RVS)M[OFF].{RVS)

INS:IFINS=""ORINS<"1"OR

PRINT"lOFF)8K3 {3

Z)CS"U UPJ" PRINTSPC(13)"[2 DOWN) [RVSUlOFFj OR [RVS] 2

[OFF)

DH 800

900

|OFF)*[RVS]13

INTSPC(28)"-(RVS]N [OFF]*[RVS)t5 SPACES) {OFF),|RVS]M[OFF)." 1070 PRINTSPC(28T"lWHT)

HR5{142)"14 UPl"SPC(12} CSiPRINT"(2 DOWN]"SPC(1 SD

[OFF],[RVSjMlOFF)." PRINTSPC(29T'"-[RV5]N

[OFF),[RVS]MlOFFj.":PR

<>"lF7)"THEN870

fi)

SPACES] {RVSjR.K3R.D3 J12 SPACESjlRVS}

1060

POKE198,0:WAIT198,1:GET

880

PRINT"[RVS JR.VjR.C3 {OFF] [2 SPACES] (RVSJR.K3ED3

,0iPOKE53280,0

EF|{OFFJ|F312 SPACES)

1050

[OFFj.":PRINTSPC(30T"-

MT5:1FMTS < >"IFl)"ANDMTS

":GOSUB7 70:GOTO860 SE

790

[RV5jN{0FF}MRVSj

SPC(12)"|43PRACTICE

IRVSJHOME":P2S="VISITOR

14 SPACES]FT":PRINTSPC<

RM=20:P)>2

280,17iPOKE54284,18

GB 760

PRINTCHRS(14)"{4 DOWN]"

PRINTSPC(32)"[OFF] [GRNj- .":PRINTSPC(3D pl-tRVS]NiOFF]3lRVS)M

EM RETURN

1280

IFMT=4THENGOSUB15 80

1290

IFMT=0THENSK-SK+1slfSK =3THENOUT=OUT+1:SK=0(G OTOI100

1300

IFMT=0THEN1100

1310

1320

TM=MT:SK=0 TE=160:ET=160:G0=CL(PL

RF 1330 A=2017:FB=1822:SB=1617 :TB=1812:P1=PEEK(FB):P COMPUTED Gazolta

May 1986

1340

1350

1360

1370

:P3=PEEK(TB) GOSUB1510:GOSUB1530:B1 = 205 :B2=206:B3=205:M0 = A-39:Ml=FB-41:M2=SB+39 M3=TB+41:G1=5:G2=5:G3=

1620

IFP1=160THENB1=160:G1=

CL(PL)

"S(2):PRINTSPC(28)" lDOWNI"PlS"lRVSt (3 SPACESJ"S(1) PRINTSPC(28)"i2 DOWNj {RVSlINNING "IN:PRINTS PC(28)"[DOWN)[RVSlSTRI KE

1630 PRINTSPC(28)"IDOWN)

IFP3^160THENB3=160:G3=

1640

POKE53281,X:IFX=1THENX =CL(PL)iRETURN

UB1530:GOSUB1570

Bii

1650

X=l I RETURN

AX 1660 PRINT"lHOMEJ"SPC(5)" (RVSJICYNjG A M E

[RVSJOUTJ4 SPACES]"OUT

CL(PL) GA

1380

:RETURN

CL(PL) 1390 X=CL(PL);FORI=1T04:GOS

1400

IFMT=4THENGOSUB1640

1410

POKEM0,TE:POKEM0+KT,G0

(2 SPACES JO V E R i13 DOWNJ" 1670 PRINT"lRVSH3 SPACES JA

NY KEY TO PLAY AGAIN11! POKE198,0iWAIT198,l:GE TMTS tCLR 1680 POKE53280,0:POKE53281,

1690 PRINT'MHOMEJIRVSJ ICYN)

lM0=M0-39iPOKEMl,Bl:PO

KEM1+KT,G1 DA

1420 M1=M1-41:POKEM2,B2:POK EM2+KT,G2iM2=M2+39:POK EM3.F13:POKEM3+KT,G3:M3

=M3+41 KR

1430

NEXT:GOSU31530:POKEFB, ETrFOKEFB+KT,G0

1440

IFB1=160THENPOKESB,160

1450

iPOKESB+54272,Gl IFB2=160THENPOKETB,160 iPOKETB+54272,G2

1460

FM SQ

1470 1400

IFB3=160THENPOKEA,160: POKEA+54272,G3 IFMT>1THENTE=206:ET=32 IFPEEK(A)=160THENS(PL)

aS(PL)+l:POKEA,43:POKE A+KT,5:GOSUB1590:GOSUB 1600 PA

1490

TM=TM-liIFTM=0THEN1100

1500

G0=5tGOTO1330

XM 1510 DG

1520

PRINT"[HOMEH14 DOWN)" SPC(33)" " PRINT"!4 DOWN}"SPC(28) " "SPC(9)" "jPRIHT" 14 DOWN]"SPC(33)"{GRN)

PRACTICE

1540

1550

63000

15 SPACES)iOFFj-JRVS)N

{RVSH3

XS 1560

LEFTjMlOFFj.

SPACESTlOFF]-

[RVSjN11 PRINTSPC(31)P1 [RVSJM I OFF).1RVSI {OFFi-

IRVSJNJDOWNJ14 LEFTjM

I OFF]4 i RVS JN[HOME]"I RE 1570

Double Load Article on page 77. BEFORE TYPING . . . Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In COMPUTED GAZETTE Programs,"

which appears before the Program Listings.

REM

•*** CODER

17ZYXWVUTSRQP0N

321 ' " 63060

HC 63070

PRINT"ENTER DATA TO B E CODED ('END' TO QUI T):":INPUTA?:IFA5="EN D"THEN

63080

FORR=1T041

63090

IFMIDS(AS,N,1)=MID?{S

?,R,1}THENCS=MIDS(S1S

,R,1)iR»41 XX

63100

NEXTR

63110

B?=BS+CE:NEXTN

63130

All

1580

PRINT"[CLRHbLK)"X"DA "CHRS(34)BSCHR?(34)" [2 DOWNjX="X+l":GOT06

I,J:NEXT:POKE19B,10

BS 20 PRINT"[CLR}[2 DOWNjLOAD1' CHR$(34)1'SCRHEN-H01'C!IRS( HE 30

34)",8" PRIMT"i4 DOWN)POKE639,13 1:POKE198,9 J RUN I HOME J";

DATA

OKEY+2,13JPOKEY+3,13: POKEZ,4;EMD

AP 63200

REM

,llPOKE54296,15:POKE54 276,128iPOKE542 76,129:

BM 63210

S1S=".ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO

Klondike Article on page 51.

Version EE

****

DECODER '***

1590

63220

E54290,129iRETURN

21 '" PRINT"fCLR}ENTER

POKE54273,70tPOKE54277

BK 63230

DATA

4 276,16:POKE54276,17 IR

1610

1?ZYXWVUTSROPONM

LKJIHGFEDCBA.09876S43

,41iPOKE54296,15iPOKE5

GA 1600

S?="

,220iPOKE54290,128:POK

STATEMENTS

63240

" [RVS j PITCHES "RMiRETUR

63250

FORN=1TOLEN(AS)

63260

FORR=1TO41

May 1986

READAS:REM ATA

63270

GET

FROM

[29

RIGHTf"

PJ 30 BKS^"[WHT J SQRT[DOWN)

{4 LEFT)UBf3Ec3V1<:BLS = " [4 SPACES) I DOWnTM {4

SF 40

LEFT}

SPACES)":POKE53272,31

B2S="I29

SPACES)"

EJ 50 DIM CDS(52):C5(0)="(REDj ":CS{l)="fBLK)":CS{2)=" 1

(0)=BLS

FORX=0TO3:FORY=1TO13

CDS(X*13+Y)-CS(X)+"S"+CH

CDS(X*13+Y)=CD^(X*13+Y)+

STATEMENT

IFMIDS|AS,N,1)=MIDS(S S,R,1)THENCS=MIDS(S1S

:POKE53281,5:IFPEEK(1485

RP 20 DNS="(20 DOWNj"!OV$="

TONiBS"""

IFFL=1THENPRINT"{HOME) US DOWNHGRNJ"SPC(28)

COMPUTE! s Gazette

ECOIJEl ":INPUTN:FORL=1

ETURN

PRINT"[HOMEJ[DOWN} IBLU J"SPC(2B}P2S"i RVS)

* TO

PRINT"[CLR!":POKE53280,5 0)<> 24THENGOSUB2000

PQRSTUVWXYZ?1123456 78 BD

13,13,76,207,34,80,

34,44,56,58

POKEY,19iPOKEY+1,13:P

POKE54273,40:POKE54277

POKE54287,40:POKE54291

FORI=631TO640:READJ:POKE

Program 1: Klondike—64

3020"

POKE631,13:POKE632,13:PO

END

FORN=1TOLEN{AS)

RB 63120

Plus/Term

MLKJIHG FED CBA.0987654

DOWNJ

Program 2: Screen-80 and

•***

QRSTUVWXYZ?112 3456789 S15-"

DOWNjLOAD"

KE198.2

S$="-ABCDEFGUIJKLMNOP 0'

PRINT"[CLRj[2

SYS5200011IOMEJ1';

DP 63040

63050

IFA=0THENA=l:LOAD"PKt;VIE

S(34)",B"sPRINT"[4

RETURN DM

PRINTBS

NECESSARY

CHRS ( 34 ) ■1SPEEDSCRIPT "CHR

XK 63030 PRINT"(WHT}[CLRJ"

TURN DC

USE

PROGRAM,

ISPACEjDELETE

X=10000 Y=631:Z=19B:BS=""

PEUNT"[DOWN)"SPC(29)" iBVSjMlOFFl. [RVSi 1DOWN){8

IN YOUR

W-80",8,1

DC 63010 FA 63020

{off}, [rvsjm[downj

15 SPACESj[OFFl,IRVSIM

Article on page 75.

[offj*[rvs}13 spaces! LEFT)NJOFF}*{RVS)

PRINTBS:NEXTL:REM

To use with the 128, Plus/4, or 16, see modifications in article.

PRINT"[RVS|{GRN}«[OFFj 3UVS)MlDOWNH4 LEFTjN

63300

SpeedScript

DOWN]"iGOTO1670

Coder-Decoder

[OFFJ'TRVSJ tOFF), Irvs!m{downH6 leftJn

BS=B$+C5:NEXTN

Program 1: Preview-80 and

SPACES JO V E R

113

EQ 1530 PRINT"{HOME}[15 DOWNJ" QC

NEXTR

63290

0:PRINT"[CLRi":GOTO730

+IHOMEJ ":RETURN SPC(32);

63280

"SK

IFP2-160THENB2=160:G2=

R?(95+Y)+CHRS(109+xT+"T iD0WN}(4 LEFT]U"

CHRS(173+X)*CHRS(159+Y)+ "V"

HJ 470

NEXTY.X

JP 90

DIMDK(52),ST(24),LY(7,20 ),UC(7),TP{7):FORX=1TO52 :DK{X)=X:NEXT

GC 100 DEFFNR(Z)=INT(52*RND(Z)

500

IFBMTHENRETURN

l!DEFFNVL(X>=X-13*(FNSU

GD 510

) ) :GOSUBU90

125

IFTT<=0THENTT=500

140

GOSUB710:GOSUB720

BT=INT( (TT+5D/52)

CC 150 PRINT"[WHTHCLRJ #1 (2 SPACES]#2[2 SPACES]! 3 I 2 SPACES]»4[2 SPACES) #5{2

PRINTOVS"ULKJF2[WHT}-E ND GAME":PRINTOVS"{BLK) F8IWHT)-QUIT{DOWN}"

170 PRINT"1BLK]D{WUT)ECK !2 SPACES)(BLK)S{WHT}TA CK13

180

190

RC 530

SPACESiTOTAL"iPRIN

T"{16

SU DOWN H 6

LEFTHBLKjS

PADES14 DOWN] [6 LEFT! I RED]DIAMONDS 14 DOWN]

IB LEFTHBLKJ";

200

210

PRINT"CLUBS":NB=-1iGOSU B940:NB"0

KR BD XS

250

PRINT"(HOMEJ"OVS"[DOWN] ";:FORX=1T04:PRINTBKS"

13 DQWNiU LEFT]";iNEXT 260

GOSUB740

270

GOSUB760:IFQUTHEN1240

280

"BG:GOSUB940

HO 290 PJ CK

*** MAIN LOOP

300 GW=0:GM=-liMl=l 310 ED=0I«OSUB960:IFEDTHENP

XR JP

320 330 340

350

360

370

REM

RINT"lCLRj"iGOT0125 IFQUTHEN1240

SP=SP+liST{SP)=DK(DP)rD P=DP-1iP RINT"{HOME)"DNS

"12 UPJ";:GOSUB740:GM=-

380

1:RETURN IFM1=0THENC1=5T(SP) :C3 = Cl:GOTO400

390

Cl=LY(Ml,UC(Ml)+l)iC3=L

400

IFM2>-1THEN600

410

IFC3-0THENRETURN

Y(M1,TP(M1J)

JO 420

S3=FNSU|C3).V3=FNVL(C3) :IFV3-K>PL(S3)THENRETU RN

4 30

IFHOTAMTHEN510

440

BM=0:FORX=1T04:IFFNSC(X

450

460

IFV3>PL(X)+2THENBM=-1 NEXT:IF(M1>0}OR(V3<3)TH

)=FNSC(S3)THEN460

EN500

OTO760

QF 880

IF(AS<":")AND(AS>"/")AN

D(N<11)THENBS=BS+AS:N=N

IFTP(M1)=UC(M1)THENUC(M

+ 1jPRI(JTAS"§O3[LEFT]"; :

GOSUB1170

IF(AS=CSIRS(20) )AND(N>0) THENN=N-1:PRINT"

580

NS,S3M-3)CDS(C3):PL(S3

MIDS(BS,1,N)

1)=UC(M1)-1

GOTO810

590

GOSUB940:TQ=0:F0RQ=lTO4

:TQ=TQ+PL(Q):NEXT:GW=(T

Q=52):GM=-1:RETURN

600

610

C2=LY(M2,TP(M2))iSl=FNS C{FHSU(Cl))IS2=FNSC(FNS U(C2)) V1=FNVL(C1):V2=FNVL(C2)

620

[2 LEFTjEO^iLEFT)";iBS=

SR BB

900 910

GOTO810 PRINT"WORKING":GOSUB710 SGOSUB7 20

HR 920

PRINT'MllOMEllDOWN)"; :FO RX=lTO7i?RltJTCDS(LY(X,X

PP 930

PRINT:PRrtJT"U0 DOWN}

) ); I NEXT

:IF(V1^13)AND(V2=0JTHEN 630

B90

PRINT " [HOME]"OVSLEFTS(D )=V3:TT=TT+5*BG:MU=-1

IF(S1=S2)OR[V1 + K>V2)TH

KM 630

CP MF

640

IFM1>0THEN650

GOEUB1170:LY(M2,TP(M2)+ 1)=C1:NC=1:GOTO690

650

NC=TP(M1)-UC(M1)tC=Ml:P

RINT"[HOME]"LEFTS(DNS,U C(C)+l)LEFTS(OVS,C'4-4)

QA 660

FORX=1TONC:PRINTBLS" 14 LEFTi"r:LY(M2,TP(M2)

+X)=LY(M1,UC(M1)+X)iNEX

RD 940 PRINT"{HOME)[BLKi

[2 DOWN)"DNSTAB(19)TT'" [LEFT! ":IFNBTHENRETURN

950

670

TP(M1)=UC(M1):UC(M1)=UC

680

(M1)-1-(UC(M1)=0) IFTP{M1)>3THENGOSUB1150 :PRINTCDS(LYtMl,TP(Ml))

690

700

IFNOTGMTHEN1010

AM=-1:M2=-1:IfMl>0THENM

970

U-0:FORZ=1TO7!M1=Z:GOSU

B350INEXT

AA 930 KA 990 AC

1000

AM=0;IFGWTHENRETURN

1010

PR1NT"[HOME)[BLK]"DNS" (4 DOWN][5 RIGHT]

720

1020

SM 1030

1:RETURN IFAS="D"THENM1=-1:PRIN

1060

T"DECK";iRETURN IFAS="S"THENM1=0:PRINT

1070

1090 IFAS=CHRS(1')0)THENQU=-

FORX=1TO7:FORY=XTO7:LY( Y,X)=DK(DP);DP=DP-1:NEX

1080

GOTO1020

TY:TP(X)=X:UC(X)-X-1:NE

1090

GETAS:IFAS=""THEN1090

1100

[4 LEFTJ";:NEXT TP(M2)=TP(M2)+NC:GM=-li

FORX=1TO52:A=FNR(0):S=D K{A}:DK(A)=DK(X):DK(X)=

KS"[UP][2

RIGHT]MCDS(ST

(SP))

750 PRINT"SWHT)"DP"(LEFT] " ;TAB(6|SP"lLEFTj ";:RET URN

770

AG 780 AF 790 FF 800

PRINT"{WHT]1 HOMEJ I 10 DOWN] PLEASE ENTER {SPACEjYOUR BET" PRINT"

MAXIMUM

[BLKj"BT

PRINT"[WHT}

BET

PRESS

PRINT" PRESS [BLK}F7 [WHT| TO RE-SHUFFLE" PRIHT" ->18 SPACES)

[7 LEFT][BLK}EO3[LEFT!"

IF(AS>"0")AND(AS<"8")T

iIENM2=VAL(AS) :PRINTflSr t RETURN

Hll

1110

IF{AS = "P")OR(AS = "F")TH ENM2=-1:PRINT"PILE";:R

JC HJ

1120 1150

GOTO1010 PRINT"[HOME}"LEFTS(DNS

ETURN

,TP{C))LEFT S(OVS,C *4-4 )::RETURN QP

1160

TT=TT+740'BG:PRINT"

1CLR] [3

DOV^]

(10 RIGHT]YOU WON1":GO TO130 GO

1170

SP=SP-1:IFSP=0ANDDP>0T

HENSP=1:ST(SP)=DK(DP):

[BLK}

Fl[WHTJ TO BET IT ALL"

"STACKJ4 RIGHT]";:GOTO

1:RETURN

ST(1)=DK(DP);DP=DP-1:SP XT:RETURN

IF(AS>"0")AND{AS<"8")T

1050

BP 740 PRINT"!HOME}"DNS"[UP]"B

SS 760

SPACES]114 LEFTJ";

GETAS:IFAS=""THEN1020

=1:FORX=1TO4:PL(X)-0:NE

SPACES]{4 RIGHT]

NTCDS(LY(M2,TP(M2)+X))"

XTX

PA 730

);

C=M2:GOSUB1150:PR1NT" [DOWN]";:FORX=1TONC:PRI

S:NEXTiDP=52:RETURN

M1=0:GOSUB350 IFMUTHENM1=1:GOTO970

HENM1=VAL(A$):PRINTAS" [8 RIGHTJ";:GOTO1090 MM 1040 IFAS=CHRS(137)THENED=-

RETURN

FM 710

PRINTTAB(19)BG:RETURN

JX 960

RIGHTJ"CDS(ST(SP)):G

OTO7 60

ENRETURN

IFGWTHEN1160

GM=0:GOSUB3 50:GOTO310 IFM1>-1THEN3B0 IFDP=0THENRETURN

TP(M1)=TP(M1)-1:PRINTBL

BM 870 PRINT:PRINT"[UP] 14 RIGHTJH2 SPACES}":G

570

PRINT"!5 UPJ'■iFORX=1T05 :PRINTB2S:NEXT;TT=TT-52

BG=VAL(B?):IFNOT((BG=0)

OR(BG>BT))THENRETURN

: PRINT

B60

GOTO580

PRINTBKS"[UPl"f tGOTO240 233 PRINTCDS(LY(X,X))"lUP)" NEXTY:NEXTX

560

220

240

)THENQU=-1tRETURN IFAS<>CHRS(13)THEN880

PB B50

LEFTS!DNS,X)LEFTS(OVS.X

•4-4);:FORY=XTO7:IFY=XT

IF[A5=CHRS(140))AND(N=0

550

FORX=1TO7:PRINT"[HOME|"

HEN2 30

040

SPACES )TO"

print"[home)[2 right] 13 DOWNf'OV5"[RED]HEART

RM 830

GETAS:IFAS=""THEN810 IF(AS=CHRS(133))AND(N=0 )THENBG=BT:RETURN IF(AS=CHRS(136))AND(N=0 )THEN910

(M1,TP(M1)));

RIGHTjBET"

[>RINT"FROMl7

IFTP(M1)=1THENPR1NTBLS: 5" 14 LEFTH2 UP)"CDS(LY

540

010 820

:GOTO580

TP(M1)=0:GOTO560 EK

;:N=0:BG=0:BS="" KK SD

IFM1=0THEN570

BX 520 C=M1:GOSUB1150:IFTP(M1) =1THENPRINTBLS;TP(M1)=0

SPACES)#6

|2 SPACES}#7{5 RIGHT) lBLK)P[WHT}ILEil7 DOWN)

IFFNSC(S3)"FNSC(FNSU(C 4))THENBM=-1

490

(X)-l)

160

480

ME 120 DEFFNSC{X)=(X/2=INT(X/2

3-1THEN490

)*l

KS 110 DEFFNSU(X)=INT(X/13-lt+

AF 130

FORX=1T07:C4=LY(X,UC(X) +1):V4=FNVL(C4):IFV4<>V

DP=DP-1 JK

1180

GOSOB740:RETURN

1190

1200

INPUT"[CLR)[BLKHDOWN} [RIGHT)ENTER YOUR NAME " ; NS

FS="@0:"+NS+".MONEY,S, COMPUTE'S Gsietta

May 1986

":OPEN2,8,2,FS+"R" HP

1210

INPUT#2,TT:CLOSE2

HD 1220 OPEN2,8,2,FS+"W" QD 1230 PRINT#2,0:CLOSE2:RETUR 1240

OPEN2,8,2,FS+"W':PRINT

1250

#2,TT;CLOSE2 PRINT"fCLRJ(BLK}{DOWNJ

1260

END

2000

FORX=828T0885:Rr:ADA:PO

DE 2010

FORX=0TO16":B=14848+X*8 :C=15104+X*8:FORY=2TO7

2020

2030

POKKC+Y-1+(X>12},A:NEX

POKE56,55:CLR

DNS="£l9 DOWH]":OVS=H {29 RIGHTJ" BKS = " [WHTjSQRTjDOWN}

PX 30

U LEFT|UgF3iC3V":BLS=" I 4 SPACES HDOWNR 4 LEFT} [4

2040

2050

POKEB,255:POKEC+7,255: POKEB+1,0;POKEC-6*(X>1 2),0:NEXTX FORX=14984TO15031:READ AiPOKEX,A:NEXT

DE 2060

2070

160

930

FORX=15320TO15335:READ

2080

RETURN 1)ATA169,0,141 ,14,220,1

69,51,133,1,169,0,133, 251 ,133,253,169

SQ 2090

DATA20B,133,252,169,56 ,133,254,160,0,177,251 ,145

2100

2110

2 20,96

2120

DATA

24,60,102,126,102

2130

DATA 60,102,12,48,126,

KI)

2140

21S0

DATA

102,102,126,6,6,0

2160

DATA

126,96,124,6,124,

2170

DATA 60,96,124,102,60, 0

HS JM

2190 2190

DATA DATA

126,6,12,24,24,0 60 , 102 , 60 ,10?. ,60 ,

IFCH<>50THENFORT=1TO10: PRINT:NEXT:PRIHTTAB(16) "THANKS1":CH=50:GOTO160

NF=8:NK=64:KB=197:V=542

72:V1=V+1:V2=V:V3=V+8:V 4=V+7:RN=RND[-TI)

230

31:VS=17:VI=90:XT=1:PO= 240:Z=2:W1=33:W2=33:AT= 8:DE=3

240

SU=9:RE=8:GOSUB490

250

GOSUB480:FORT=VTOV+23:P POKEV+6,SR:POKEV+12,AD

260

POKEV+10,DC:P0KEV-H7,DD

F6(WHT]-0UIT[DOWN}"

27 0

PRINT:PRINT"19 DOWN] U RIGHT}"CDS(ST(SP)):G

280

290

IFT<NFT!!EN470

300

ONZGOTO310,3 30,340,3 5O,

2000

FORX=82BTOB67:READA:PO

2080

DATA169,0,133,3,133,5,

2090

DATA208,133,4,169,56,1

2100

DATA5,230,3,230,5,208,

2110

246,165,4,201,215,240, 7,230,4,230 DATA6,76,76,3,96

2230

2240

DATA DATA DATA

DATA

60,102,62,6,60,0 126,24,24,24,24,0 30,12,12,108,56,0

169 33,6,160,0,177,3,145

Super Synth

POKEVl.GKT) :POKEV2,G2( T):POKEV3,G3(T):POKEV4, G4(T):GOTO370 RK 320 POKEVl.Hl(T):POKEV2,H2( T):POKEV3,H3(T):POKEV4,

310

330

340

GOSUB460:GOTO370 GOSUB460:POKEV+15,F1(T)

350

/.7iGOTO370 GOSUB460:POKEU+15,F1 (T)

360

370

380

H4(T):GOTO370

Article on page 72.

60,102,102,60,14,

COMPUTE!'* GAZETTE Programs,"

which appears before the Program

102,108,120,108,1

02,0

390

400

410

KC QJ

2250

DATA

2260

6, 16 DATA 124 DATA 24 DATA

120

24,60,126,126,60,

PRINTTAB{9)"IDOWH j{YELI

WELCOME

130

SUPER-SYNTH"

PRINT:PRINTTAB(3)"WHILE WAITING

108,254,254,124,5 16,56,124,254,56,

: PRINT"iCLRJ":POKE214,1

FOR

FREQUENCIE

BE TURN

THE

VOLU

ME."iK-256:CH-35

2270

22E10

2290

DATA 255,51,102,204,15 3,51,102,204

150

MA) DIMH1(MA),H2(MA),H3(MA) ,H4(MA)

2300

DATA 255,204,102,51,15

160

PRINT:READT,N:N1=N*M:N2

140

56,56,254,254,56,

124

=N*2;N3=N*2*M:N4=INT(N/ 2):N5=INT(N/2*M)

2310

DATA

0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3

2320

DATA

0,192,192,192,192

2330

,192,192,192 DATA 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0

2340

DATA

170

F1{T)=INT(N/K):F2(T)=N(Fl (T)*K) :t'3(T) = INT(Nl/ K):F4(T)=INT|N1-{F3(T)»

K)) BD

180

DATA

204,102,51,153,20

2-(Gl(T)*K):G3(T)=INT(N

3/K):G4{T)=INT(N3-(G3(T

2360

4,102,51,255 DATA 51,102,204,153,51

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

190

FD 420

QE 430

111 (T) = INT(N4/K) :H2(T) = N

IFPEEK(KB)=TTHl-:rJ3B0 POKEV+4.W1-1sPOKEV+ll.W

2-l:POKEV+15,0:GOTO280 AB

440

IFPEEK{KB)<>NKTHEN440

4 50

RETURN

460

POKEV1,F1(T):POKEV2,F2(

T):POKEV3,F3{T):POKEV4, GC 470

F4(T)iRETURN ONT+1GOTO280,1050,280,I 260,230,690,1200,280

480

AD=AT'16+DE:SR=SU*16+HE

490

POKE53 280,0:POKE5 3 281,0

500

PRINTTAB(12)"KKYBOARD

:RETURN

:PRINT"|CLR}IYELI"

CREEN[2 BS

510

DOWN)"

PRINTTAB{13)"F1

NORMA

L":PRI«TTAB(13)"F3 - NE W

KM JP

SOUND

520

PRINTTAB(13)"F5

530

{SPACEJSOUND PRINTTAB(13)"F7

1SPACE}SOUND[2

G1(T)=INT(N2/K):G2{T)=N

2350

, 102,204,255

100

192,192,192,192,1

92,192,192,0 XF

M=1.00 5:MA=64:DIMF1(MA) , P 2 (MA), F 3 (MA), F4 (MA), G 1(MA),G2(MA),G3(MA),G4(

3,204,102,51 XC

OTO430

PRINT:PRINTTAB(5)"CALCU LATED,

IFFL=1THENPOKEV,PEEK(V+ 27) :POKf:V+7,PEf]K(V+2 7) : GOTO420 IFFL=2THENFORU=lT0SLSTt: PI 0:POKEV+ 22,U:IfPEEK(K

B)=TTIIENNEXT:GOSUB440:G

POKES 3281,0:POKE53280,0 0

IFZ = 4T1IENGOSUB440:GOTO4 30

IFZ=4THIiNF0RU=lT0SLSTEP =TTHENNEXT

Listings.

110

POKEV+4,W1:P0KEV+ll,W2

XT:POKEV+1,U: IFPEKK(KIJ)

Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In

/2:GOTO370 GOSUB460:POKt;V+4,Wl : POK EV+11,W2:FORY=1TO10:NEX T:GOTO430

BEFORE TYPING . . .

100

T=PEEK(KB):IFT=NKTHEN2S

360,320

KEX,A:NEXT:SYS828

POKEV+23,P0:POKEV+2 4,V0 0

!)S 2200 OR 2210 QX 2220

POKEV+13,SR:POKEV+3,DB: :POKEV+14,VI:POKEV+18,V

FL=0:DB=8:DC=8:DD=8:VO=

OTO760

DATA 6(1,102,12,102,60,

XI'

210

ND GAME":PRINTOVS"{BLK)

OKET,0:NEXT:POKEV+5,AD:

DATA254,76,85,3,169,55 ,133,1,169, 129,141 ,14,

IFT<>CHTHEN160

PRINTOVS"[BLK)F2[WHT)-E

DATA253,23O,251,230,25 3,208,246,165,252,201, 215,240,7,230,252,230

SPACES)"

(137) :KEY6,CHR$(140) :KEY 7,CHRS(136)

A:POKEX,A:NEXT

200

35 KEY1.CHRSI133) :KEY2,CHRS

OB200O POKE6529Q,PEEK(6529S)AND 2 51: POKE65299,PEKK{65299 )AND3OR56

POKEB+Y,A:IFX>12THENA=

A/2

COLOR0,16,5:COLOR4,16,5:

:READA

)*K)) EH

IFPEEK(14850)O24THENG0S

{RIGHTjGOODBYE..."

KEX,A:NEXT:SYS828

5/K):H4(T)=INT(N5-{H3(T

And 16 Substitution Lines AM

4-(HI(T)*K):H3{T)=INT(N

Program 2: Klondike—Plus/4

SAVE

LOAD

DOWN]

I W!1T J " HJ

540

PRINTTAB(5)"EM

I RIGHTi fRIGHT}

|RIGHT) (RIGHT)

(RIGHT)

[RIGHTJ iRVSj "

(RIGHT]

I RIGHT J

[OFF)C

550 PRINTTAB(5)"iM3lRVSj

(15*RND(1))+1

895

PO=240:GOTO930

1280

900

PO=241:GOTO930

1290

IRVS] (OFFjHUvSJ " PRINTTAB(5)-1iM3lRVSj t SPACE J- Z Z Z ~ — Z Z

910

PO=242:GOTO930

920

PO=243

930

XT=INT(40*RND(1))+l

Iyel}*iTwhtT"

950

VS=17:GOTO990

-E-R~T-Y-U-I^O-P-@j;*-T-

960

VS=33:GOTO990

INPUTS1,V0:INPUT!1,SL

DA 970

VS=65:GOTO990

CLOSE1:GOSUB490:GOTO25

IOFFJ0TRVSJ

[OFFjf

PRmTTAB(5)"EM3)RVSjQ-W

BR 940

1010

INT(8*RND(1))+1:DD=INT (8*RND(1))+l VO=INT(3*RND(1))+l:ONV

KF AJ

1020 1030

OGOTO1020,1030,1040 VO=31:GOTO250 VO=45:GOTO250

1040

VO=79:GOTO250

1050

IRIGHT!

(OFF)EHr

PS 600 PRINTTAB(6) " (YEL}»IWHT] |N3lRVS}

lOFf|D|RVS]

IOFFJiIRVSJ

PRINTTAB(6)" B

620

printtab(8}"%h%irvsjzbx

-c-v-b-^n-m-,-.-/-

ThTIdownT" GP

630

640

(off)

printtab(8)"iyel j return for values

screen":ret

URN DATA

62,2145,9,2408,14,

2703,17,2864,22,3215,2 5 ,360B,30,4050,33,4291 JJ

6 50

DATA

38,4817,41,5407,46

,5720,49,6430,54,7217,1

2,8101,23,8583,20,9034 HE

C60

DATA

31,10814,28,11457,

39,12860,36,14435,47,16

670

DATA

10GC

1070

,4547,3 5,5103,43,6069,4

680

DATA

51,7647,13,9094,21

,10287,29,12139,34, L36 2

5,37,15394,45,18188,50, 20415 BP

690

Z=INT(6*RND(1))+1:FL=IN T(3*RHD(l))+0

700

SL=INT(255*RND(1))+1

710

W1=INT(7*RND{1))+l:ONW1 GOTO7 20,7 30,740,750,760 ,770,780

720

W1-17:GOTO790

7 30

W1=33:GOTO790

740 W1=65:GOTO790

7 50

W1=129:GOTO790

760

W1=21:GOTO790

770

W1=23:GOTO790

780

wi=er>

790 W2=INT(8*RND(l))+liONW2 GOTO800,810,820 , B30,840 ,850,860,870

800

W2=l:GOTO880

810

W2=17;GOTO880

820

GX 830 W2=65:GOTO880 XK 840 W2=129:GOTO880 MJ 850 W2=21:GOTO8fl0 SS

860

W2=23:GOTO880

970

W2=85

SCREEN

PRINT"Z ="TAB(21)Z:PRI NT"FL ="TAB(21)FL PRINT"VOICK

="TAU(21

10B0

1090

="TA

PRINT"ATTACK ="TAli(21) AT:PRINT"DECAY ="TAU[2 1)DE PRINT"SUSTAIN ="TAB(21 )SU:PRINT"RELEASE ="TA

B(21) RE DG 1100 PRINT"RESOHANCE ="TAU( 21)PO HA 1110 PRINT"SYNC SPEED ="TAB (21)XT OB

1120

TAB(21)VI 1130 PRINT"VIBRATO SHAPE ="

TAB(21)VS:PRINT"PULSE I SPACE}SHAPE VOICE 1 = "DB PRINT"PUIjSE SHAPE VOIC

8,6812 XD

Article on page 74.

DOWN]11

)W1:PRINT"VOICE B(21)W2

59,2273,8,2551,16,

3034,19,3406,24,38 2 3,3 2

128 Users: See instructions in article before typing in.

POKE53280,6jPOKE53281,

3)"VALUES

KB IIS

1140

?KINT"VIBRATO

E 2

SPEED

-"DCtPRINT"PUL8E

HAPE VOICE 3 ="DD 1150 PRINT'TILTER ="TAIi(21) VO 1160 PRINT"STEP LIMIT ="TAU (21)SL

1170

PRINT"[DOWN}IRVSJPRESS RETURN

FOP

KEYBOftRO

CREEN

1180

INPUT#1,DC:INPUT#1,DD

Word Counter

DD 10

GETAS :IFAS<>CIIRS( 13)TII EN11S0

PRINT"iCLR]"CHR?(142)jBS =828:POKE53 280,6;POKE53 2

{CLRJ [HHT|":PRINTTAIl( I

203,44,17167,55,19269 QH

1310

6:POKE19a,0:PRINT"

(OFF)F|RVSj - I OFF Hi {RVSJ [OFFjJtRVSi (OFF) KtRVSf - (OFF)jIRVS) $10

INPUTf1,VS:INPUT*1,DB

DB=INT(B"RNI)(1)) + 1 : DC=

(RIGHT

INPUT#1,RE:INPUT#1,PO

INPUT#1,XT:INPUT#1,VI PX

1000

[RIGHTj T

1300

GOTO950,960,970,9a0

(RIGHT}

INPUT#1,FL:INPUT#1,W1

VS=INT(4*RND[1))+1:ONVS

B(6)"UCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

OPEN1,8,0,SS:INPUT*1,Z

INPUTI1, DE: I N1>UT# 1 , SU

980 VS=129 990 VI=INT(200*RND(1))+55

iRIGHT)

GOTO280

EF AE

CCCCCCCCCCCK" 590 PRINTTAB (6 ) " B" : PRINTTAB (6J"B EWHTJEN^IRVSJ B

INPUT"SOUND TO LOAD";S 5:IFSg = <1"TMENGOSUB490

INPUTS 1,W2:INPUT*1,AT

PRINTTAB(35)"j)":PRINTTA

(RIGHT]

t CLRI":P0KE214,9:P RI NT :POKE211,4

IOFF)7{RVSJ

Z[0FF)(2 SPACES ITYELTB11'

SS = "":POKE198,0tPRINT11

1270

i space)- - - - tofft

580

1260

- {OFFi-UVSj

INT(15'RND(l))+liSU=INT

RE=INT(15*RND(1))+1:SO= INT(4*RND(1)J+1:OKSOGOT 0895,900,910,920

lOFFj9(RVSj

570

AT=INT(10'RND(1))+lsDE=

B90

tRVSi

8B0

[OFFj2(RVS] lOFF)3iRVS) - (0FF}5lRVS) JOFFJ6

JA 560

81,6

C!>

I=I+1:READA:IFA*0THEN50 POKEBS+1+I,A

GOTO20

Z=0:DS=""

KG FX

70 80

GETAS:IFAS=""THEN70 IFAS<>"D"THEN160

OPENl,a,0,"50"

100

EF 60 PRINT"fCLR]{2 DOWN)PRESS D

FOR DIRECTORY"

PRINT:FORA=1TO32:GETI1, CS:NEXT

110

120

GET#1,BS:IFST<>0THENCLO SE1:SYS65484:GOTO160

IFBS<>CHRS(34)THEN110

PC 130 GET! 1,BS:IFBS"CHK$(34) MB

140

THEN1)S=DS + BS :GOTO130

GETtl,B5:IFB5=CHRS(32)T IIEN140

AE 150

PRINT"

";BS;"[3

SPACES)

";DS:D5="":GOTO110

160

AJ 170

INPUT"(2 ";FS

D0WN}FILE

NAME

IFF5=""THENPRINT"{4 UP) ":COTO160

FE 1B0

PRINT"(CLR}12

DOWN]FILE

TYPE?"

EM 190 PRINTM(2 DOWNKRVSJP GM 200

lOFFjROGRAM"

PRINT"{DOWN]IBVS)S(OFF) EQUENTIAL,"

HR 210

GETG?:IFG5<>"P"ANDGS<>" S"THEN210

[«

220

PRINT"[2 DOWNjCOUNTING"

BR JK

230 240

IFGS="S"THEN250 OPEN1,8,0,FS+",P,R":GOT

1190

GOSUB490:GOTO280

1200

SS="":POKE198,0:PRINT" i CLR)":POKE214,9:P RI NT

250

OPEN1,8,0,FS+",S,R"

:POKE211,4

260

SYSBS+2

270

Z=PEEK(BS|+256*PEEK(i3S+

280

PRINT"fCLR][DOWN)NUMBER

290

OPEN15,8,15,"I0":CLOSE1 5

300

1210

INPUT"SOUND TO SAVE";S S:IFSS = ""THENGOSUli490:

0260

GOTO280 RD

1220

1230

OPEN1,8,1,SS:PRINT#1,Z

PRINT#1,FL:PRINT»1,W1: PRINT#1,W2!PR1NT*1,AT: PRINT*1,DE:PRINT»1,SU

1240

PRINTS1,RE:PRINT<1,PO:

1250

PRINT"{DOWNJANOTHER

E?[2

FIL

SPACES](Y/N)

AO.

310

320

PRINT#l,VS:PRItmi,DQ

IFA$="N"THENEND

330

GOTO310

PRINTS1,DC:PRINT#1,DD:

340

DATA169.0,141,58,3,141,

PRINTS1,XT:PRINTI1,VI: EB

WORDS:"Z:CLOSE1

PRINT#1,VO:PRINT#1,SL: CLOSE1:GOSUB490:GOT028 0

59,3,141,60,3,141,61,3, 162,1,32,198,255,32 KR

350

DATA183,255,41,64,208,3

COMPUTED Gazelle

May 1986

101

CO.

4,32,207,255,141,Sa,3,2 01,32,208,15,32,207,255

360

8,3,141,59,3,76,81

250

370 DATA3,32,231,255,96,-1 GK

Read-A-Tune Article on page 76.

260

270

PRIHT,"12

Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In COMPUTE!'* GAZETTE Programs,"

which appears before the Program

Program 1: Read-A-Tune—64

300

310

ML...

":FORI=1TO255:AS=AS+"

FORI=49152TO49290:READA: POKEI,A;CK=CK+A:NEXT:FEM LOAD KEY NOTE PLAYER

IFCK<>15135THENPRINT"ERR OR

DATA

STATEMENTS.":

STOP SR

DATA

320

(NS) 20

330

DATA

97,192,240,4,162,27

DATA

DATA 129,235,56,233,65,4 8,27,201,15,176

, 160,192,120,142 20,3,140,21,3,88,96

340

DATA

23,168,169,64,141,4

3 50

DATA

130

DATA

65,141,4,212,76,49

360

370

110

120

20 PR KB

380 390

PRINT"[CLRJIBLKJ

17 SPACESjSOME REALLY

40B

PRINT"[CLR!|BLKj", " LFTH

STREET

RAG

150

32,253,174,32,139,

410

DATA

420

PRINT"|CLRi|RED|M,"

SP=4:EN=1

198,255,160,0,32,2

430

X=0:POKE54277,31:POKE54 276,64:POKE54278,255

X=X+1:P=1094+X:PP=PEEK(

07,255,145,2,201

170

DATA 46,240,4,200,76,12 2,192,200,132,4,96

440

180

F0RI=54272TO54296:P0KEI

45Q

IFPP=18ORPP=32THENPOKER

460

i!, 0 : POKERL, 0 : GOTO490 IFPP=46THENPOKERH,0:POK

,0:NEXT:POKE54275,5:POK E54296.12

210

220

JX 102

230 240

600

POKE5427 6,65:POKERH,H{P P} jPOKERL,L(PP)

490

FORT=1TOSP:NEXT:PP=PP+1 28:POKEP,PP:FORT=1TOSP:

500

510

POKE53281,15:POKE53280,

pp=pp_128:POKEP,PP:GOTO

(CLRH2 DOWNJTOO MANY T

UNES1":FORDE=1TO1000:NE

PRINT"iCLR)12

COMPUTE'S Gaietlo

DOWN I

May 1986

XT:N=N-1:GOTO240

SPACESJJ=HIGH E

SPACES)K=HIGH F

PRINT"[BLUjENTER TITLE

#"N":

NS(N)="":INPUTNS(N):IFN S!N ) = ""THENP RINT"{UP J"; :GOTO590 NS(N)=LEFTS(NS(N),20):P

PRINTiP=0:SYS49152

GETTS:IFTS="""THEN620 IFTS=CHR5(13)THEN650 PRINTT?;:P=P+1:IFP<254T P»0:SYS49152

P=P+1:IFPEEK(1703+P)<>3 2THENPS=PS+CHR?(PEEK(17

670

03+P)+64):GOTO660 IFPS=""THENN=N-1:GOTO24

6B0

PRINT"ICLRJIREDjSONG

lBLKj"N"lREDjCALLED IPUR)"MS(N)"IREDJ:":MS( N)=PS+"."iPRINT"[DOWN)" MS(N) :PS=""

690

SP=33iGOTO430

700

IFN=0THEN230

710

U=0:R=4:GOSUB810:FORI=1

TON:IF(I-U*16+U)/16=INT ((I-U*16+U)/16)THEN7 30 7 20

PRINTTAB(5-LEN(STR$(IJ)

)"IDLK]"I"|S SPACESJ IPUR|"N$(I),NEXT

730

740

750

760

PRINT"I DOWN!IREDjPRESS ISPACEjIRVSJMlOFF) FOR I SPACE I MORE":YS = ">":GOS UB800

GETAS:IFAS=""THEN740 IFA?=CHRS(17)THENY?=" " :GOSUB800;R=R-!R<>(H-2-

U*15)):YS=">":GOSUB800

t SPACE i":GOSUB800:R=R+(

R<>4) :YS = ">":GOSUB800 IFA5=CHRS(13)THENSN=U*1

5+R-3:GOTO840

1:R=4 :Y5=">":GOSUBB00:G OSUB810:GOTO720 DK

790

GOTO7 40

800

POKE2\4,R:PRINT:PRINT"

810

PHINT"1CLRJIREDJLOCATE 1SPACEJARROW WITH CURSO R KEYS AND"

820

PRINT"PRESS

830

PICK A TUNE.":PRINT PRINTTAB(2)"IBLKJSONG

tIJLKJ

N=N+1:IFN>NSTHENPRINT"

O5E15:END

660

440

IFENTHENPRINT"[CLRj":CL

H C" PRINT"I=HIGH

5A 6 50

PRINT"G=MID G(3 SPACESJ A=MID Al4 SPACES!B=MID lSPACEjB(3 SPACESjH=HIG

780

480

SPACESJ

1IEN620

DATA

DATA 28,49,31,165,16,19 5,18,209,21,31,22,96 DATA 25,30,33,135,37,16 2,42,62,44,193,50,60,12

610

BD 620 KJ 630 FE 640

7 70

PRINT"C=MID Cl3

RINT"lDOWNJ(BLOjOK, ENT ER lPUR!1'N?{N)": I RED ! "

470

59C

230 IFPPH5THEN440

,143,14,24,15,210 HH

ERL,0;POKE54276,64:GOTO

RL=54272:RH=54273:DIMH( 1S),L(1S):FORI=1TO15:RE ADH(r),L(I):NEXT:REMNOT

SPACES!O=LOW

IPURJ"

SPACESJTHAT'S ALL!

A14

[SPACEjOF SONG

lQLKj":PRINT"lDOWNi"F5;

133,2,200,177,71,1

33,3,162,1,32 DATA

580

":PRINT"I DOWNJ"E$:SP=28

176,160,1,177,71

:GOTO4 30

IDOWN )"D$:SP=9:GOTO430 PRINT"ICLRjiBLKf","

PRINT"12 DOWNJ{BLKjHERE

[2 SPACESJL=HIGH G":PRI NT"R=RESTlDOWNj"

DATA

200

570

SPACESiYANKEE DOODLE

140

14,15,49,165,195,2

190

560

09,31,96,30,135

DATA 162,62,193,60,143, 24,210,0

DATA

550

TWE

WRITE

D=MID D[4 SPACESjE=MID [SPACEJE13 SPACES)F=MID F"

SPACESJ":PRINT"

130

160

G0TO360

AST SCALES!":PRINT" I DOWN)"GS:SP=1:GOTO430

18,21,22,25,33,37,

DATA

42,44,50,12

GETQS:IFQS=""THEN360 Q=VAL(QS):ONQGOTO510,70 0,860,850,400,410,390,4

,234,28,31,16 DR

GS = "MNQCDEFGABHIJKI,LRRL BHUAGFEDCCRRCUEFGABEIBAG FEDC."

190,82,192,141,1,21

2,142,0,212,169

F$ = "HHE]HGRGRAAAAGGGGRRR

KJIHBAGFEDCONMMRRCDEFGA

,212,185,67,192

E $ = E ? + " AAABAAGG AAB BH iill R

RIlHBBIIHimCCCRR. "

,164,197,185

RIR.JRJIIIimBBGGHRHRIRJRKR JRIRHRBRGRARBRHHHRHIiliR"

ISPACE J B"

D$="HBAHBAHBAHBAHBAAHBA

ES="HRHRIRJRHRJRIRGRHRH

READY

SONG1"

N=LOW

f! HAH BAAE REED RHBAHBAHBAH BAHBAAHBAHHAHBAAEEFFGG"

D$=DS+"HBAHBAHBAHBAHBAA

YOU'RE

ARE THE NOTES:":PRINT" (DOWNjM=LOW Gl3 SPACES!

DOODLE"

HR."

162,49,160,234,173,

PC 540

RAG":PRINT,"{DOWNJ6

GAABBHilAAGGHHBBIIHHHRHH KQ

PRINT"lCLRj(DOWNj1BLUJS A

GGGAGGFFEEFFGGGRAAABAAG

97,192,73,1,141

STR

BABHIHBAGHHG AAGEECCCRHH MB."

l'IUNT"lCLRJLOADING

POKE54277,25:POKE54278,

IIBAilHAHBAAEREEDRFFGAGGA

NKXT:NS=125:DIMMS(NS),N? FF

JM 530

280

Version ]O

1 OFF J"

NEi"

Listings.

520

PRINT,"iDOWNJ7=SOME REA LLY FAST SCALES1";PRINT , "lDOWN}8=ECJD OF PROGRA M" KD 290 PRINT,'"(2 DOWNlSELECT O CP

DOWN)1=WRITE

PRINT,"|DOWNJ5=12TH EET

MUSIC

ISPACEJA SONG":PRINT, " |DOWN)2=PLAY BACK YOUR \SPACEJSONG" PRINT,"I DOWN)3=RECALL Y OUR SONGS":PRINT," lDOWNJ4=SAVE YOUR SONGS

^YANKEE

BEFORE TYPING . . .

SPACESHRVS)

READ-A-TUNE

I SPACE j SYSTEM 1

DATA201,32,240,8,238,60

,3,208,3,2 38,61,3,173,5

IDLKJ13

"YSlRETURN

"TAB(15)"TITLE I DOWN J":R

PR 210

ETURN

PRINT"lCLRjlREDJA

840

SONG

I SPACE) CALLED IPURfNSI SN)"tREDi:":PRINT" I DOWN|"MS(SN)iPRINT" IBLKI"iGOTO430

650

860

BC CG

B70

QE 220

XS="0:"+XS:IFQ=4THEN910 OPEN1,8,8,X5+",S,R":GOS INPUT*1,N:FORI=1TON:INP

UT#1,N$(I):NEXTiFORI=lT

SYS49250,A$:MS(I)"LEFTS <A?,PEEK(4))!NEXTrGOSUB

02 40

CLOSE15:OPEN15,8,15,"S" +XS:CLOSE15

O=0:OPEN1,8,8,XS+",S,W"

PH 920

250

260

270

930

PRINT*1,N:FORI=1TON:PRI

940

FORI = lTONiPRINT#l,M$U)

950

IFO=0THENOPEN1S,8,15:O=

960

1 INPUT#15,A,B$,C,D:IFATH

970

NTtl,tJ$(I)!»EXT

260

290

Version

PRINT"lCLBiLOADING

ML...

":FORI=lTO255iAS=AS+" "l

300

50 60

NS(N}-""iINPUTNS(N)iIFN S(N)=""THENPRINT"IUP)";

560

N?(N)=LEFTS(N5(N),15)

IGOTO550

XF 570

FORJ=1TO15:IFMID5{NS(N} ,J,1)»". "THENNS{NHLEFT S(NS(N),J-1)iJ=15

580

590

BABHIHBAG HHG AAGEECCC RHH

PRINT"12 UPMDOWNJ IBLU) ENTER IPUR|"NS(N)"1RED!

310

ES="HRHRIRJRHRJRIRGRHRH

AA 600

RIRJ RHHHHB 8GGHRHRIRJ RKR

GGGAGGFFEEFFGGGRAAABAAG

DB 610 GETTSiIFT$=""THEN610 PS 620 IFT5«CHR5{13)THEN640 CB 630 PRINTT5;iP=P+l:IFP<254T HEN610

GAABBHHAAGGHHBBIIHHHRHH

640

P-0iSYS673iPOKER,0

650

330

HR." FS-"HHHHGRGRAAAAGGGGRRR RBBBBHHHHCCCRR."

P=P+liIFPEEK(4337+P)<>3 2THENP5°P5+CHR$(PEEK(43

RE FC

340 GETQSjIFQS=""THEN340 350 Q=VAL(Q$):ONQGOTO500,69

660

0,850,840,390,400,370,4

0 670 PRINT" [CLR!IREDJSONG

JRIRHRBRGRARBRHHHRHHHR" XB 320

E$=ES+"AAABAAGGAABBHHHR

P=0:SYS673

37+-PJ+64) JGOTO650 IFP?^""THENN=N-liGOTO23

IBLK) "N"[RED}CALLED IPURJ "tPRINTN?(N)"1 RED] I":M?(N)=PS+".":PRINT" lD0WN|"M5(N)IPS-""

lSP-22:PRINT

680

CK+AiNEXT

380

PRINT"£DOWN}MMNOCCDEFGA

690

IFN-0THEN230

BHHHIJKLKJIHHBAGFEDCCON

700

U=0iRR»5iGOSUB800iFORI-

IFCK<>5021THENPRINT"ERRO 1ST

DATA

STATEMENTS

.M:STOP DATA 32,253,206,32,139,2 DATA

133,2,208,177,71,13

DATA

DATA 46,240,3,200,208,24

HK PX

100

,254,2,73,1,141

DATA 254,2,141,255,2,24 0,4,162,191,160

SR 110

DATA 2,120,142,20,3,140

DATA

,21,3,aa,96

164,197,185,94,236

,56,233,65,201,190

DATA 240,16,43,11,201,1 5,176,7,168,185

140

DATA 239,2,141,12,144,7

150

160

170

DATA 195,201,207,209,21 5,225,228,231,232,235

180

DATA

190

6,191,234,238,255 DATA 2,173,255,2,201,40 ,208,243,169,0 DATA 141,12,144,141,255 ,2,240,233,219,223

175,193,191,0,0

CK=0:FORJ=673TO767:READ

1TON:IF(I-U"16+U)/16=IN

RCECRCECR."

T((I-U*16+U)/16)THEN720

381

GOTO420

390

PRINT"lCLRj|BLKl

H STREET

RAG":PRINT"

DOWNj"D?:SP=25:GOTO4

PRINT"iCLRjiBLKj 13 SPACESfYANKEE DOODLE ":PRIHT"12 DOWNj"E$:SP=

JQ 410

PRINT"lCLRjIREDjTHAT'S ISPACEjALLllBLKi":CLOSE 15iEND

420

KD 430 RQ

440

IFPP=180RPP=32THENP0KER

,0:GOTO480 RD

450

IFPP=46THENPOKER,0:GOTO

460

IFPP>15THEN430

470

POKER,H(PP)

480

FORI=lTOSP:NEXTtPP=PP+l

490

NEXT PP=PP-128:POKEP,PP:GOTO

DOWNjTOO MANY

730

EH 740

510

FOR

MORE";I

GETAS1IFA5-""THEN730

IFAS-CHRS(17)THENYS-" " IGOSUB790:RR=RR-(RR<>(I +3-UM5) ) iYS"" >" IG0SUB7 90

750

760

IFA5=CHRS(145)THENYS-" 1 SPACE j"IGOSUB790iRR-RR +(RR<>5):Y5-">"iGOSUB79 0

IFAS-CHRS<13)THENSN-U*1 5+RR-4iGOTOB30

XC 770

IFAS = "M"ANDK-NTHENU=U+ l:RR=5:YS=">"iGOSUB790:

760 GOTO7 30 XS 790 POKE214,RRiPRINT:PRINT" IBLKJ"YSiRETURN BQ

800

PRINT"ECLRJIREDJ{BLKjTH

PRINT"{CLR]IREDJLOCATE ISPACEjARROW WITH"iPRIN

T"CURSOR KEYS

AND

PRESS

810

PRINT"lRVSJRETURNiOFF] ISPACElTO PICK A ";iPRI NT"TUNE."

HS 820

PRINT"lBLK]SONG *"TAB(1 0)"TITLE I DOWN J"iRETURN

UNES1":FORDE=1TO1000:NE

NTS."iSTOP

500 N=N+llIFN>NSTHENPRINT"

XT:N=N-1:GOTO230

STATEME

iRVSjMlOFFj

GOSUB800:GOTO710

430

{CLRH2

PRINT"I DOWN)t REDJTYPE

28iP0KEP,PP:F0RI=1TOSPi OQ

SPACES)

[PUR)"NS(ljiNEXT

YS=">"iGOSUB790

230

IFCK<>13287THENPRINT"ER DATA

720

X=X+1tP=4152+X:PP=PEEK(

ROR

2ND

X-0

PRINTTAB|3-LEN(STRS(I)) J"IBLKJ"I"12

35:GOTO420

A:POKEJ,A:CK=CK+AiNEXT IN

710

TWELFT

MH 400

SP-33iGOTO420

MMNOCDCDEFGABHIHBAGFEDC

199,255,160,0,32,20

4,200,132,4,96 90 DATA 162,191,160,234,173

200

550

PRINT"12 DOWNjSELECT ON

BAHBAAHBAHHAHBAAE EFFGG" DS=DS+"HBAHBAHBAHBAHBAA

SON

PROGRAM"

DS="HBAHBAHBAHBAHBAAHBA

*"N"ilPURj"iPRINT"

PRINT"lCLR)lBLKJ 15 SPACES]FAST SCALES I"

PRINT"[BLUjTITI.E

370

DIMMS(NS),NS(NS)lFORI-62 8T0867iREADAIPOKEI,A!CK-

130

540

7,255,145,2,201

[2 SPACES J ..lUPj"

HBAHHAHBAAEREEDRFFGAGGA

3,3,162,1,32

120

14 SPACES]L=HIGH G 12 SPACES]R=REST"

ANK2E DOODLE"

-END OF

SPACESJJ=HIGH E SPACESjK-HIGH F

FAST

08,160,1,177,71

SPACESJB-MID

ET RAG"iPRINT"lD0WNj6=Y PRINT"tD0WNj7=S0ME

SPACESJG-MID

SPACESJA-MID A

PRINT"H=HIGH C 12 SPACESH-HIGH {4 t2

PRINT"lD0WN]3=RECALL YO

SPACESJF-MID

NS-55

20 NS-25tIFPEEK(644)>64THEN

530

UR S0NGS":PRINT"lD0WN}4 = SAVE YOUR SONGS" PRINT"lDOWN]5=12TH STRE

Ei5

10 360 GOTO340

R IN SP

HHAHBAAEREEDRHBAHBAHBAH

RETURN

Program 2: Read-A-Tune—VIC

SONG"IPRINT"1DOWN)2=PL

SPACESJN=L

HR."

ENPRINTA,BS,C, D:STOP

G15

t3 DOWNjl-WRITE A

NOTESt"iPRI

G13

iSPACEjFU

READ-A-TUN

Ej"

;iNEXTiGOSUB950iCLOSE1I

GOSUB950:GOTO240

PRINT "M 2

THE

SPACESJC=MID C"

E=MID

tBLU}

SCALES 1"t PRINT"I DOWN)8

1GOSUB9S0 EH

VIC

ARE

AB 520 PRINT"D=MID D{3 SPACES}

AY BACK YOUR SONG"

950:CLOSE1:GOSUB950:GOT

910

DATA 219,223,195,201,20

EllOFFj"

FE 240

OW A)5 SPACES JO-LOW B

IRVSJTHE

1 SPACE IFILENAME: "; IINP UTXS:IFXS=""THEN240

RA 900

(I):NEXT:REMNOTES

32,235,175,183,191

XS = ""!PRINT1PtCLRJENTER

690

NT"M-LOW

JA 230 PRINT"JCLR)[DOWNJ

UB950

ESE

7,209,215,225,228,231,2

IFN=0THEN230

880

POKE3687B,12:R=36876:DI MH{15)iF0RI=lT015tREADH

COMPUTEIS Gazelle

May 1986

103

PA 830

PRINT"[CLRj(RED)A SONG lSPACE)CALLED LPURj"iPR

210

IBLK )":SP= 33:GOTO420

220

230

DATA 770,798,596,643,68 5,705,739,810,B34

240

DATA

250

COLORS,2,7iCOLOR4,3,2

OPEN1,8,8,XS+",S,R":GOS

260

IFENTHENPRINT"1CLR J"iCL

INPUT#1,N:FORI=1TON:INP

270

XS=""iPRINT"{CLR}ENTER

1 SPACE)FILENAME!" !INPUT

OB940

280

IOFFJ"

PRINT,"12

MUSIC

DOWNJ1=WRITE

IDOWNJ2-PLAY

900

CLOSE15:OPEN15,8,I5,"S"

{SPACEJSOHG"

910

+X$tCLOSE15 O=0:OPEN1,8,8,X$+'\S,W"

290

920

930

PRINT#1,N:FORI=1TON:PRI

NTI1,N$(I):NEXT:FORI=1T

300

310

PRINT#1,MS(I)r:NEXT:GOS UB940:CLOSE1:GOSUB940:G

940

OTO2 30 IFO=0THENOPEN15,8,15:O=

XA 950

1 INFUTJ15,A,B$,C,D:IFATH

320

330

ENPRINT"12 DOWNj Si STOP

960

PRINT,"1DOWNJ5=12TH STR EET RAG"iPRINT,"1DOWN16 =YANKEE DOODLE" PRINT,"I DOWN}7=SOME REA LLY FAST SCALESl-iPRINT ,"IDOWN)8=END OF PROGRA

M" PRINT,"(2 NE:B

Program 3: Read-A-Tune—Plus/4

340

DS- "HBAHBAHBAHBAHBAAHBA

PRINT"lCLRJLOADING ML...

350

360

NS=190:IFPEEK(1332)=63TH DIMM$(NS),NS(NS)iFORI=81

GAABBHHAAGGHHBBIIHHHRIIH

DATA STATEMENTS.":

370

HHHCCRR." 380

DATA

,172,246,7 DATA 185,3B,224,56,233,6

DATA

160,3,120,142

390

400

48,27,201,15,176,23

SA DQ

410 420

110

120

130

140

150

160

RC EA

170 180

190

200

17,255,173,16,255,

41,252,25,160,3 DATA 141,10,255,185,145 ,3,141,14,255,76 DATA 14,206,238,176,3,1 73,176,3,201,45 DATA 208,243,169,0,141, 176,3,169,16,141 DATA 17,255,208,231,2,3 0,34,131,173,193 DATA 227,42,66,86,96,11

SCALES1N:PRINT"

430

PRINT"lCLRj LBLK}11, " LFTI1

STREET

TWE

RAG

440

SPACESJYANKEE

DOODLE

":PRINT"lDOWN)"ES:SP=9:

450

PRINT"ICLR)IRED|"," 12

SPACESJTHAT'S

ALLl

IBLK J"J PRINT"I DOWN)"FS:

DATA

SP=8 t EN-1

3,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,

460

X=0

DATA 3,1,2,2,0,0 DATA 32,145,148,32,165, 150,160,1,177,71 DATA 133,159,200,177,71

470

X=X+l:P»3151+XiPP=PEEK(

DATA 198,255,160,0,32,2 07,255,145,159,201

COMPUTE!! Gaieim

610

fSPACEjOF SONG I"N":

S(N) = ""THENPRINT"lUPr';

May 1986

:GOTO610

FA 620

P) AM

480

NS(N)=LEFTSlNS(N),20)iP RINT"!DOWNJIBLU]OK, ENT ER

630 PX 640 QE 650 JG

tPUR]"NS(N)MiIREDJ"

PRINT:P=0:VOL7iSYS819

GETT$:IFTS=""THEN640 IFT5=CHRS(13)THEN670 CK 660 PRINTTS; :P=P+1iIFP<:254T HEN640 ED

670

XR 680

P=0;SYSB19:VOL0

P-P+liIFPEEK(3751+P)<>3 2THENPS=PS+CHR${PEEK(37

690

700

51+PJ+64)IGOTO6B0 IFPS=""THENN=N-1:GOTO27 0

PRINT"|CLRj[REDfSONG IBLKJ"N"lREDjCALLED

lPUR)"NS{N)"lRED!jNtM5! N) = PS+". " i PRINT"! DOWN)1' ss

710

MS(N)iP5="" SP-10IGOTO460

720

IFN=0THEN2 70

730

U=0:R=4iGOSUBB30jFORI=1 TON:IF(I-U*16+U)/16=INT

740

750

l(I-U*16+U)/16)THEN750 PRINTTAB(5-LEN(STR$(I)) )"lBLKi"I"l8 SPACES! lPUR)"NS(I)tNEXT PRINT"I DOWNJI REDJPRESS

ISPACE)1RVS)MIOFF)

FOR

I SPACE JMORE":YS-">"tGOS

UBB20 JE SS

760 770

GETA?:IFAS=""THEN760

IFA?=ajR5(17)THEtTYS = u

:GOSUB8 20:R=R-(R<>(I+2-

GOTO460

iPURi" NS(N)="niINPUTNS(N)tIFN

SPACESj"iPRINT"

PRINT"lCLRjIBLKJ","

SPACESjJ-HIGM

DA 600

lDOWNj"DSiSP=9:GOTO460 XM

SPACES]

SPACESjB=MID

13 SPACESJK-HIGH F 12 SPACESiL=HIGH G":PRI NT"R=REST1DOWNJ" PRINT"lBLUjENTER TITLE

IDOWNJ"G$:SP=5:GOTO460

3,197,4,59,3

,133,160,162,1,32

104

50 GOTO390 PRINT"LCLRIIBLK) [7 SPACESjSOME REALLY F AST

,168,169,23,141 DATA

Q=VAL(QS)1ONQGOTO540.72 0,680,870,430,440,420,4

20,3,140,21,3,88,96

5,201,190,340,32

100

FEDC."

175,3,73,1,141

SPACESjF-MID

|SPACE]B[3 SPACESjti=HIG H C" XE 590 PRINT"I=HIGH D

BHBAGFEDCCRRCDSFGABHBAG

162,14,160,206,173, 175,3,240,4,162,78,

GS="MNOCDEFGABHIJKLLRRL KJIHBAGFEDCONMMRRCDEFGA

STOP

F$="HHHGRGRAAAGGGRRRBBB

SPACESJE=MID

PRINT"G=MID G[3 A=MID A14

HR." MM

BEi

E S-ES+"AAABAAGGAABBHHH R GGGAGGFFEEFFGGGRAAABAAG

CK+A:NEXT IFCK<>18080THENPRINT"ERR

RIRJRHllHHBBGGHREIRIRJRKR

ENNS=25 9TO984iREADA:POKEI,A:CK= RR

E?="HRHRIRJRHRJRIRGRHRH

JRIREIRBRGRARBRUHHRHHHR"

DS-DS + "11BAHBAHBAHBAHBAA

BABHIHBAGHHG AAGEECCCRHH HR."

":FORI=1TO255:A$=AS+"

XR 580

HBAHHAHBAAEREEDRFFGAGGA

and 16 Version

ISPACEJE13

DOWNJSELECT O

BAHB AAli BAHHAHB AAEE FFGG "

D=MID D14

HHAHBAAEREEDRHBAHBAHBAH

RETURN

HJ 10

N=LOW A14 SPACESjO=LOW 1 SPACEjB" 570 PRINT"C=MID C(3 SPACESJ

BACK YOUR

PRINT,"1DOWNJ3=RECALL Y OUR SONGS"iPRINT," lDOWN|4=SAVE YOUR SONGS

SONG I "

PRINT"U DOWN 3 I BLK j HERE ARE THE NOTES:":PRINT" 1DOWN|M=LOW Gt3 SPACESj

ISPACEjA SONG"I PRINT,"

560

SYS

01CLOSE1iGOSUB940tGOTO2

IGOSUB940

ICLRH2 DOWN J TOO MANY T UNES1"iFORDE-1TO1000:NE XT:N=N-1IGOTO270 550 PRINT"lCLRjiDOWNllBLUjS 0 YOU'RE READY TO WRITE A

READ-A-TUNE

TEMI

SYS828,ASiMS{I)-LEFTS(A

S,PEEK(4))iNEXTiGOSUB94

B54,864,881,453,51

PRINT"ICLRJ12 DOWNi IBLKH5 SPACESJIRVS) E

890

PP=PP-128:POKEP,PP:GOTO

OSE15iEND

UT#1,N?(I):NEXT:FORI=1T PS

530

GM 540 N=N+1iIFN>NSTUENPRINT"

6,571

XSiIFXS-""THEN230

880

470

IFN=0THEN230

650

FORT=1TOSPiNEXTiPP=PP+1

"1DOWN)"M?(SN):PRINT" 840

870

520

28:POKEP,PP:FORT«1TOSP:

860

46,240,3,200,208,2

DIMH(15)iFORI=lT015:REA DH(I)!NEXT:REM NOTE DAT

INTNS(SNr'lREDJ : ": PRINT

DATA

44,200,132,161,96

U*15)):Y?=">"iGOSUB820 RG

780

790

800

IFAS=CHRS(145)TiIENY5»'" I SPACE J":GOSUBB20:R=R+( iYS=">"iGOSUB820 CHR$( 13)TIIi;NSN=U*l 5+R-3:GOTO860

IFPP=18ORPP=32THENVOL0:

1 :R=4:Y? = ">":GOSUB8 20:G

GOTO520

OSUB830:GOTO740 810

DH EC

490 500

IFPP=46THENVOL0:GOTO260

IFPP<1ORPP>15THEN470

510

VOL7:SOUND1,H(PP},SP

QS 820

GOT0760

POKE205,R:PRINTiP RINT" tBLKl "YS:RETURN

330

PRINT"ICLR11 RED J LOCATE jSPACEjARROW WITH R KEYS

B40

850

PRINT"PRESS <RETURN> TO PICK A TUNE.":PRINT PRINTTAB{2)"lBLKjSONG # ETURN

PRINT"lCLRjlREDjA SONG ISPACEjCALLED lPUR)"NS( SN)"1RED):":PRINT"

iDOWNl"M$(SN) jPRINT" lBLK)":SP=10:GOTO460 SS

870

IFN=0THEN260

880

XS"""iPRINT"ICLRJENTER ISPACEjFILENAME: ";:INP UTXSiIFXS-""TIIEN2 70

090

900

XS-"0I"+XSiIFO=4THEN930 0PENl,8,B,XS+",S,R"iGOS UB970

910

INPUT#l,NiFORI=lTON:INP

UT#1,NS(U:NEXT:FORI = 1T ON

XJ 920

SYS945,A5:MS(I)=LEFTS(A S,PEEK(161))iNEXT:GOSUB

Program 2: Blick—VIC Version AF

100

110

EI,A:CK=CK+A:NEXT

IFCK<>8745THENPRINT"ERR

IN DATA

950

PRINT#l,N:F0RI = lTOtJ:PRI

960

NTtl,H5(I):NEXT FORI=lTONiPRINT#l,M$(I)

IGOSUB970

:STOP

120 SYS673:PRINT"BLICK LED":NEW

130

DATA 169,15,141,14,144, 162,177,160,2,142

140

150

160

DATA 38,3,140,39,3,96,3 2,122,242,133 DATA 251,134,252,132,25 3,169,238, 141, 12,1.44 DATA 169,175,32,122,242

170

DATA

ENAB

IFO-0THENOPEFJ15,8,15:O= 1 INPUT#15,A,BS,C,D:IFATH ENPRINTA,BS,C,D:STOP

See instructions in article on page 42 before beginning to type.

Program 1: Vampyre Hunter— BASIC Portion DD 10

208,253,232,208,25

IF A=0 THEN A=1:LOAD

IFPEEK(49152)<>18THENPRI NT"ML?":ST0P

RA 20

SP=53269:BO=53280:SC=532

81:PRINT"£CLR}":POKEB0,2 :P0KESC,2

DEFFNA(I)=PEEK(I)+256*PE EK(I+1) :DEFFND(IHINT{RN D(l)-I)

I=49152:IZ=FNA(I):MV=FNA

(1+2):WK=FNA(1+4):BP=FNA

0,169,20,32,122,242 AB

180

DATA

169,0,141,12,144,1

65,251,166,252,164

190

DATA

100

110

13 DOWN)E33"TAB(13)"VAMP

FORI=1015TO1086:READA:P

DATA STATEMENTS."

SYS1015:PRINT"BLICK

ESC,2

S85="iF]{HOMEjiRVS)

XX 55 DM 60

DLS="[FJ[38 SPACESjfB]" SIS*" ":S4S="[4 SPACES}"

130

DATA

F,PES,ARS,DRS,DlS,DNS,DR SG

READSO,FO,LF,PL,RS,MC,BC

140

DATA 96,32,75,236,133,1

,HE,DE,WV,IO,SV,WS,ALS,B

150

U$,CDS,DY,TT,XS,YS,LS

Power BASIC: Blick

59,134,160,132,161 DATA 169,23,141,17,255, 169,129,141,14,255

160

Article on page 84.

DATA 173,18,255,41,252, 9,3,141,18,255

170

DATA 169,175,32,75,236, 162,234,160,0,200

180

990

RETURN

,TN,VE,N0

162,2,160,4,142,36

,3,140,37,3

140 SPACESJiHOMEJ"

:READNT,MW,SL,MS,Q,X,Z,W

ENA

BLED":NEW RR

HUNTER"

SYSCS:SYSMT:POKEBO,2:POK

MR 50

IFCK<>9280THENPRINT"ERR I STOP

120

MT=FNA(I+10):MB=FNA(I+12 ):MR=FNA(I+14):EV»FNA(I+ 16) SY5IZ:PRINT"{CLR) {fi(

GA 40

OR XB

(1+6) :CS=FNA(I+8}

YRE

OKEI,A:CK=CK+A:NEXT

253,96

Version

"VA

MPYRE.ML",8,1 XR

,162,234,160,0,200

; iNEXT:GOSUB970:CLOSE1i GOSUB970JGOTO270

Vampyre Hunter

STATEMENTS."

Program 3: Blick—Plus/4 And 16

940

9B0

FORI=673TO734:READA:P0K

CLOSE15:OPEN15,8,15,"S" +X5iCLOSE15 0=0:OPEN1,8,8,XS+",S,W"

32,202,241,165,251

,166,252,164,253,96

930

OM 970

DATA

970iCLOSEl:GOSUB9 7EI:GOT 0270 XQ

200

AND"

"TAB(15)"TITLEI DOWNJ"iH

RR 860

CUKSO

DATA

20B,253,232,208,25

0,169,20,32,75,236

BEFORE TYPING . . . Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In

190

DATA

169,16,141,17,255,

165,159,166,160,164 AP

200

,WC,VR,NG,AF,NU,VH,SE

GR 85

ER 90

Program 4: Blick—128 Version BA

= 3072TO3158:Ri:ADA:P

100

GP 95

OKEI,A:CK=CK+A:NEXT

Program 1: Blick—64 Version DP

ise

110

SYS3072:PRINT"BHCK BLED":NEW

130

ENAB

140

DATA 169,15,141,24,212, 141,19,212,169,120 DATA 141,15,212,169, 1 , 1 41,14,212,169,0

169,15,141,24,212,

150

DATA

160

DATA

STATEMENTS.

SYS679:PRINT"BLICK LED":NEW

130

DATA

140

141,19,212,169,120 DATA 141,15,212,169,1,1

150

DATA

160

DATA

141,20,212,162,201

170

DATA 104,32,121,239,133 ,167,134,168,132,169

180

DATA 169,33,141,18,212,

170

DATA 252,132,253,169,33 ,141,18,212,169,175

190

180

DATA

200

190

DATA 232,20B,250,169,32 ,141,18,212,169,20

210

,160,0,200,208,253

100

105

169,175,32,121,239 DATA 162,234,160,0,200,

208,253,232,208,250

DATA 169,32,141,18,212, 169,20,32,121,239 DATA 165,167,166,168,16 4,169,96

DIMFO%(FO),NU%(FO),FD5(F O),PNS(PL),PD%(PL+X),PPS (PL),PSS(PL),PV%(PL) DIMRD?(RE),BC%(MC+X),BC5 (BC).NES(NE),DES(DE),WVS (WV),IO%|N0),SVS(SV) DIHWS*(NO),WOS(SL),ND»(S L),NC%{SL),DDS(2,5),CC${ 2 },CC(2),ER?(B),SE%(EE) FORI=0TO2:FORJ=0TO5:REA DDD%(I,J):NEXT:NEXT

FORI=0TOCD:READCDS(I)IN EXT:FORI=0TODR:READDRS(

I):NEXTiFORI=0TOTN CR 110 READTNS(I),TN(I):NEXTiF ORI=0TOVE:READVE$(I):NE XT:FORI=0TOMS:MS%(I)=-2 :NEXT

115

FORI=0TONO:READNOS(D,N

P%(I),NW*(I),ND$(I),NSS

140,39,3,96,72,169

,241,133,251,134

32,202,241,162,234

141,20,212,162,34,

,0,141,0,255

,160,2,142,38,3

140,39,3,96,32,202

ENA

160,12,142,38,3

41,14,212,169,0 JX

STATEMENTS.

120

IFCK<>11167THENPRINT"ER ":STOP

120

DATA

EI,A:CK=CK+AiNEXT

":STOP

FORI-679T0758:READA:F0K

ROR

IFCK<>1099BTHENPRINT"ER ROR

READBH,RH,DH,CH,TH,OS,SH

CD=LEN(CD?)-X:DIMCD$(CD) ,DR?(DR),TNS(TN),TN(TH), VES(VE),NO?(N0),NP»(N0) EM 80 DIMNW%(NO),NS%(N0),NDS(N O),SHS(NO),NE%(NO+X},MS% (MS),SO%(S0),S0S(SO)

161,96

COMPUTE!'* GAZETTE Programs,"

which appears before the Program Listings.

(I):NEXT

120

125

FORI=0TOSOiREADSQ%(I),S OS(I)iNEXT:FORI=0TOSO:S

H%(SO«(I))-I+Xt«EXT

FORI=0TOFO;READFO%(I),N U*(I):NEXT 130 FORI=0TOFO:READFD$(I):N EXT:FORI=0TOPL:READPNS(

135

I),PP$(I),PSS(I):NEXT FORI=0TORS:READRDS(I)iN EXT:J=0:FORI=0TOBC

COMPUTED GajrertB

May 19B6

105

140

READBCS(I):IFBCS(I)=Z$T

HENJ=J+X:BCS(j)-I:G0T01

310

40 DH

145

150

NEXT;BC%(J+X)=BC+X:J=0: FORI=0TONE

155

160

16 5

170

320

325

NEXTiNE*U+X)-NE+XiJ=0:

330

READDE?(I):IFDES(I)«ZST HENJ=J+X:PD%(J)=I:GOTO1

335

NEXT:PD%(J+X)=DE+X:NW%( 6)=NS%(6)*2 FORl=0TOWViREADWV%(I):N

175

%(J)=QiNEXT FORI=0TOSViREADSV%(I)tN

180

185

190

195

1=53248iPOKEI+23,0:POKE I+2 9,0:POKEI+27,0:POKEI +28,0:POKEI+16,0iPOKEI,

OK FB

345 350

210

215

355

360

PRINT " ICLR} ■': GOTOB20 t

J:POKEI+K,J:NEXT

385

GOSUB1595:IFN0TNC=X0RNO

390

N=19:GOSUB1645iIFNOTNL=

DOWNlWELCOME

VAMPYRE

395

PRINT;IFICTHENPOKE214,2

E214,20:PRINT PRINT"? ";iGOSUB2760:IF NOTIGTHEN235 PRINT" {CLR}":IFLNTHENSY

230

POKE214,17:PRINT

23 5

IFHV>5THENPRINT"£

240

IFNUO0THENPRINT"^<M

245

SMV

{SPACEjSOME

400

HJ 405

DIED

NEED

AD 410 XX

415

DEATH

H ON

DAY"DY"{LEFt)."=GOT052 0 HC

255

IFINS="AGAIN"THENINS=JS sPRINT"["JS")

260

26 5

JS=INS IFZL=CTHENPRINT"COME

AIN?":GOTO215 INS=IN$+S1S:FORI=0TOSL:

WOS(I)=PE?JNEXT:WN=0:J-

IFMIDS(INS,J,X)e>Sl?THE N295

TIRED

THIS

SC PK

525 530 535 540 545

5 50

555

560

BC CD

440

NEXTtWN=WN+X

295

J=J+X:IFNOTJ > LEN(IN?)TH

300

NW=0

305

INS=WOS(NW):IFINS=FESTH

THE

565

IFNOTAF>0THENPRINT"THER E IS NO FUEL."sRETURN N=5:GOSUB1645:IFNL=0THE

IFNOTNL-QTHENPRINTERS{1

IFINS="ONl2 SPACES]"THE NTT=TT+3:LN"Q:PRINTNDS( N}"

465

NOW

IFINS="OFF

0N.":RETURN

470

IS N

OFF.":RETURN

NW=NW-X:PRINTERS(0)iRET URN

475 480

TS="P":T=12

HB 580 Tl=lHT{TT/60):TS-"

I LEFT}i"+RIGHTS("0"+MID

S|STRS(INT((TT/60-Tl)"6 0)),2),2}+TS JP AP

585 590

595

490

GOSUB575iPRINT"I^T'S"Tl":RETURN

CG 600 CB 605

610

615

GOSUal595iIFNOTNC=lTHEN

PRINTERS(0)JRETURN IN=NC%(Z):DN=NC%{1)!IFN

OT(IN-5ANDDN=9)THEN635 N=DN iG0SUB164 5:IFNOTNL-

QTHENP RINTERS(1)NDS(N)P ES:RETURN

620

N=INiG0SUB1645:IFNOTNL-

QTHENPRINTERS(1)NDS(N)P FB

625

ES:RETURN IFAF> 500THENPRINT"THERE

IS STILL TOO HUCH~FUEL "NDS(N)PESiRETU

630

1NS="ON[2 SPACES)":GOT0 GOSUB1595:IFNOTNC-0ORNO

AF=AF+600iNP*(DN)=-2iPR INT"THE

LAMP

REFUELE

D."iRETURN FK

635

IFNOTIO*(IN)THENIN-NC%(

640

N=DN:GOSUB1645iIFNOTNL=

1}:DN-NC%(0) QTHENPRINTERS(1)NDS(N)P ESI RETURN 3J

645

N-IN:GOSUB1645lIFNL-0TH

ENPRINTERS(2)ND5(N)"

RE-"iRETURN PM

650

TT-TT+5iIFNOTDN=6THENGO SUB1530:GOTO665

655

IFNOTDN=6THENGOSUB1530: GOTO665 N=DNiGOSUB26 2 5

JS 660 DA 665 AK 670 AG 675

IFNOTICTHEN695 IFIN=40THEN685

PRINTERS(7)NDS|DN)PES:I FDN-6THENRETURN

435 XA

IFT1-0TKENT1-12 RETURN

T;TS" OF DAY"DY"ILEFTJ.

680

IFNOTNC*(0)=5TUENPRINT"

YOU CAN NOT LIGHT THE NDS(NC%(0))PES:RETURN

RF 485

NEXTiRETURN

GOSUB1595:IFNOTNC=0THEN

PRINTERS(0}:RETURN EE

IFIN$>""ANDVI>-0ANDVI<1

TS="A":T=0iIFTT>719THEN

575

"THENTT=TT+2

:LN=Z:PRINTNDS(N)" OW

FORIP=0TO2:PRINTCCS(IP)

)NDS(N)PE?:RETURN

460

PRINT"AGHHHH111"iRETURN PRINT"HELLO I"iRETURN

IN THE

PRINT"HEEEEII"iRETURN

INS=WO$(NW)iNW=NW+X

PR=Q:GOSUB1385:GOSUB164

EN275 XX

INTO

JR 4 50 PH 455

S(INS,D""Y"THENRUN PRINT"(CLRJ[TOP)":END

BF 570

HAVE DRIVEN A

STAKE

IFNL=ZTHENPRINTERS(2)ND S!N)" HERE."sRETURN

290

PRINT"YOU

POKESP,0:PRINT"^IAY AGA INT ";iGOSUB2760:IFLEFT

;IGOSUB2760

445

FORI=1T0LEN(ARS)STEP4;I FHOS(WN)=HIDS(ARS,1,4)T HENWOS(WN)=PES:G0TO295

May 1966

ASLEE

N460

COMPUTE'S Gazelle

425

RF 430 CD 435

,J-X)+S4$,4>:IN?=MID?(I NS.J+X);J=0

106

[SPACE}VAMPIRE.HiGOTO50

WOS(WN)=LEFTS{LEFT?(INS

EN215

520

285

MUST

IFNOTWH-CHTHENPRINTERS( 2)"C0FFIN HERE."iRETURN IFHV>5THENPRINT"Y0U ARE

WOODEN

AT"Tl-TrT$PES:GOTO520 STARVED

VAMPIRE

P."iRETURN

JQ 420

EXHAUSTIO

IFNU<-10THENPRINT"YOU AVE

MALLET.

IFWH=VHORNTTHEKPRINT"TH

TOO

REST.

EED.":RETURN

IFHV>9THENGOSUB5 75:PRIN T"YOU

515

TX=CXiTY=CY:TL-CLiGOSUB

NGRY.

280

THE

2775

IFN0TNP%(8)=QTHENPRINT" HAVE

(spaceTyou are now the HUNTER1"

111 RETURN

TNC*(0)=19ORNOTNC%(lt=4 0THENPRINTERS(0):RETURN

1^ MUST

DOWNJ":GOSUB830

GOSUBI865:FV«(0)=Q;T3=T

print"congratulations,

1 spacejchampion vampyre

PES:RETURN AM

HUNTER

GOTO305

QTHENPRINTERS11)NDS(19)

S2-Q:POKENG,0:SYSEV:PRI

ON DAY"D

AT"T1-T;TS".

6THENPOKECC(IP),VI

386

225

27 5

490,385,780,375

IFV>20THENONV-20GOSUB2 2

K=65472:FORI=0TO47:READ

220

270

15,535,540,765,770,545

375

IFV>9THENONV-9GOSUB2120 ,2250,2500,2650,2665,27

370

0:PRINT;PRINTDLSDLS:POK

250

415,2750,1975

NT"[CLR](2

510

ONV+XGOSUD1010,1010,129

WAS KILLED

(SPACE}"; cp

NEXT!NEXT.PRINTERS(0):G OTO215

":GOTO435

I GOSUB575iPRINT"THE VAMP

Y"lLEFT),

IFINS-HIDS(DRS,I,4)THEN

85,595,605,555,430,475,

FORI=48TO63:POKEI+K,0:N

):RETURN INS=-"OFF

IRE

FORI=1TOLEN{DR$)STEP4

T:T4=TT

184 POKEI+21,0:POKKI+1,114:

205

AND

365

SUN

0TO5E:READSE%(I):NEXT 200

THE

495

AWAY."iGOTO505

0,1420,1435,1550,1800,2

EXT:POKE53240,255:FORI= QB

INTO

LTS

FORI=0TO2:READCC5(I),CC ERS(I):NEXT

FA 500 OA 505

HENV=IiVl=(J-X)/4:G0T03

(I):NEXT:FORI>0TOB:READ

PRINT"THE VAMPIRE LOOKS

NW=NW+XiFORI»0TOVE!FORJ =1TOLEN{VE?(I))STEP4 340 IFIN$=MID?(VES(I),J,4)T

EXTIFORI=0TOWS:READN,Ji

WS%(N)=J:NEXT

V=0:GOTO350

FORI=0TODE

TNCS{0}=5 THENP RINTERS!0

320 UP

HENJ=J+X:NE%(J) =I:G0T01

EXTIFORI=0TOIOiREADJ110

315

READNES{I)JIFNES(I)=ZST

GOSUB800tIFNOT(VF>0ANDN P%(VR)<>67ANDNOTNT)THEN

DN=LO:LO-B0lGOSUB1535lL O=DNiRETURN

690

FORI=0TOSVIIFNOTDN=SV*{ I)THENNEXT:GOTO675 GOTO7 3 5

AB 695

PRINTNDSIDN)"iGIVEN.":I

GC 685 HF

FNOTIN-2THEN710

700

705

710 715

IFDN=6THENDF=QiPRINT"TH E

DOG

FOLLOWING

{SPACE }NOW.":RETURN PRINTERS(5):RETURN

JC 720 AA 725 CP

730

IFDN=6THENPRINT"THEY EA

STAY FOR

MORE."iDG=QiRETURN PRINTERS(5)iRETURN ER$(5) I RETURN FORI=0TOSViIFNOTDN=SV%(

I> THEHNEXT i PHI N'TER$ ( 5 ) !

735

ifnot(dn=11ordn=14ordn= 15ordh=18)then745

740

print"the

vampire

chang

dat

flies

and

away."igot0915

745

HSi(DN}=0:NWI{DN)=NW%(D

N}/3:ND${DN)="EMPTY

"+N

DS(DN) :IFDN"13THEN740 750 PRINT"THE VAMPIRE CLUTC HES WHERE THE HOLY WATE R HIT HIM "; 755

PRINT"AND

IN OB

760

765

LUNGES

VR}=67:RETURN

PG 910

VF=VF-l!lFVF>0THEHNP%(V R)=LOiRETURN

D?=PPS(NPS(VR)):I-INT(L

915

EN|DSt/6*RND(l))"6+liNP %(VR)=VAL(MIDS(D5,I+2,2

YOU

770

OD HE

775

ONS."IDL=Q1 RETURN

780

JP 7H5 RD

DESCRIPTI

790

795

800

G0SUB1595 IIFNOTNC=ZTHEN PRINTER$(0)iRETURN IFNCi(Z)=5THENDN=9:IN=5

:GOTO615 PRINTER?(0)iRETURN FORZ1=1TO7:ONZ1GOSUB850 ,880,925,905,970,980,94

0:NEXT:SYSMR:SYSMB:SYSE V

CK KH SO RD

805

IFHV>0THENHV=HV-.1

810

IFHV<QTiiENHV=Q

815

NU=NU-(TT-T4)*.06:T4=TT

320

IFNOTIC0R{ICANDNOTLN)TH

AM 940 FE

830

HP S35

IFICTHENRETURN

Z2=PEEK(214)jPNS=PN?(LO ):IFVAL(PN$)THENPN?=PNS

(VAL(PNS))

RQ 840 CP

845

850

POKE214.Z2-1:PRINT:PRIN

-1440:T4=T4-1440:T3=T3-

860

INT"THE DP

865

SUN

FM 965

BM 975

MX 875 FK

880

":S0=Q:W1=O:GOTO870 IFNOTS2ANDTT>300THENPRI

15)-QORNP%(11)=Q)iRETUR N

EP 980 IFNOTICTHENRETURN XM 985 TX=CXiTY=CY:TL=CLiGOSUB 2775

990

885

iRETU RN

995

1000

IFWH=BHTHENPRINT"BATS A RE ATTACKING."iHV=HV+.2 :RETURN

1005

1010

RETURN

INS=WOS(NW):NW=NW+X:FO

RI=1TOLEN{DRS)STEP4 EB

1015

IFINS=MIDS(DRS.I.4)TIiE

1020

QC AH

1025 1030

025 NEXT:PRINTERS(0):RETUR N

IFICTHEN1190 FORI=1TOLEN(PP?(LO))ST

GA 1035 SS

1040

FORI=1TOLEN{CDS):IFLEF TS(PSS(LO),X)=MIDS(CDS

1045

XK 1055

NEXT:I=X

PRINTCD?(I-X)iRETURN

1125

iIFPS = 113'1THENPRINT"THE WAY IS BLOCKED.":RETU 1060

IFNOTPS="4'"THEN109O

1065

N=4lGOSUB1645:IFNOTNL=

1070

QTHEN1075 PRINT"(USING

1075

IFNL=0THENPRINT"I.

1080

PR=Q:GOSUB1385:GOSUB16

IFRND(1)>.4ORDGTHENDG=Z

D5=PPS(NPS(WF))iI=INT(L

ROPE)":TT

=TT+5:GOTO1090

1130

1135

45:IFNL=QTHEN1070

IFNPI(2)<>LO0RN0TDFTHE

LO=L1iIFLO«67THEH1150 PNS-PN$(LO)iIFVAL(PN$)

PRINT"{DOWNi>"PNSPES

IFDLORN0TPV%(LO)THENGO SUB1880:GOTO1145

DC 1140 GOSUB1915 KS

1145

1150

PV*(LO)=Q:RETURN CL=3:CY=30!lFDS="S"THE

NCY=1 AB

1155

IFDS<>"EMTHEN1170

1160

CL=0iCY-15iTL"0:TY=CY: FORTX=62TO1STEP-1iGOSU

B27 75iIFWHe>32THENNEXT :STOP

1165

XR 1170

GOTO1175 TL=3:TY=CY:FORTX=1TO62 :GOSUB2775:IFHOTWH=DHT HENNEXTiSTOP

HQ 1175

1180

CX-TXiIC-Q:PRINT"(CLR) "tPOKESP.l:POKE5 3287,P EEK(646) IFNOTLNTHENPRINTERS(4)

1185

GOTOB20

1190

D2S=DS:IK=0:MF=1:IFVAL

(WO?(NW))> 0THENMf=VAL(

WOS(NW))iNW=NW+X PB 1195 IFNOTLNTHENPRINTERS14) XS

1200

IFMK>9THSNPR1HT"NO MOR E

THAN

NINE

TIMES."iRE

TURN

1205

1210

D?=D2S:GOSUB1220:TT=TT +2+HV*2-ViIK=IK-H IFMF<=IKORMSS=ERS18)TH

1215

ENP RINTMSS:G0TO8 20 GOSUB800:GOTO1205

1220 MSS="":FORI=lT06iIFNOT DS«MIDS{D1S,I,1)THENNE

1225

1230

XT;STOP GOSUB2775 11 FNOTWH=D!ITI1 EN1235

IF(CY=lANDDS="N")ORlCY = 30ANDDS = "S")THENPRINT "ICLRJ":IC=Z:POKESP,0i GOTO1030

1235

IF(NOTWH=SH)AND(DS = "'U"

SX 1240

0RDS-"D")THENMSS=ERS(8 ) : RETURN IF(DS="U"ANDTL=3)OR(DS »■"D"ANDTL=0 )THEHMSS=ER 5(S)iRETURN

1=1-1:TX=CX+DD%(0,I) :T

RH go

1245

Y=CY+DD%(1,1)iTL=CL+DD %(2,I) IGOSUB2775 1250 IFNOT(WH=TIIANDRND(1)> . 2)THEN1265 1255

print"you

have fallen

Ispace7through a trap

(spaceldoor and are un conscious.

1260

IK=MF-1iTM=10+FND(10): GOSUD2700:TL=TL-1:GOTO

NEED

ROPE."sRETURN

THENPNS-PN?(VAL(PN$))

PS=MIDS(PP$(LO),I+X,X)

URN

1120

,I,X)THEN1050

GC 1050

FORI"0TOWV:IFWVS(I)=L1

HENNP»|2)»L1 RH

HENI=X:GOTO1050

IFES-"U"ORE5»"D-1THENRET

1105

EP6:IFDS=MID5{PP5(LO),

NEXT:IFDS="U"ORDS="D"T

TT=TT+Tl-Tl/3*V+HV*5iH V=HV+T1/40*(V+1):IFNOT NP%(WF)=LOTHEN1110

N1120

NJ)S=LEFTS(IN$,X) iGOTOl

RETURN

=MID$(D$,I,1) 890

WAITING? "rIGOSUB2760: WT=N0TLEFT5{IN?, 1)»"N"

Ett{D$)/6*FND(l))*6+l:E$ DJ

IFWH=RHTHENPRINT"RATS

RE ATTACKING."iHV=HV+.3

IFW1ANDWTTHENPRINT"KEEP

:RETURN

IFNP%{VR)OLOORRND(1)>. 4ORNOTNTTHENRETURN PRINT"THE VAMPIRE IS AT

tO),1+2,2))

0 MH

TACKING."iHV=HV+3+(NP4(

Wl=QtPOKENG,0 870

PRINT"ONLY"AF"MORE MINU TES OF LAMP FUEL."iRETU RN

DM 970

CAR

THENNP%(WF)=L1tGOTOlll

16 OUT OF FUEL."iRETUR

IS SETTING.

NT"SUNRISE."iS2=Q:NT=Z: OQ

LAMP

I,XlTHEN1055

IFNOTS1ANDTT>1260THENPR INT"SUNSET."iS1=QiNT=0: W1=Q:POKENG,1(GOTO870 IFNOTS0ANDTT>1220THENPR

1100

1440:DY=DY+l:S0=Z:Sl=Zi 855

IFAF<0THENLN=ZiAF=ZiPOK E53269,ZiPRINT"THE

S2=Z

IFNOTLNTHENT3=TTiPOKESP

T11FAF> 60THENRETU RN

TTAE(Z3)"[B}";:RETURN W1=0:IFTT>1440THENTT=TT

IFNOT{NP%(5)=LOORNP%(5) ^Q)THENLN=0iRETURN JA 950 IFICTHENPOKESP,X HJ 955 AF-INT(AF-(TT-T3))iT3-T

Z3=POS(0)iGOSUB575:PRIN

TS8SPN?TA1)(33)T1-T;TS

DEFENDS

945

POKEXS,CX:POKEYS,CY:POK ELS,CL:SYSMV:RETURN

PRINT"THE DOG OU."iRETURN ,ZiRETURN

ENRETURN

JC 825

=HV+2-NU/170[RETURN

DESCRIPTION

PRINT"VERBOSE

DR 1115

ARE

TACKING."IIFNOTDFTHENHV

S.":DL=0:RETURN

XE 1095

935

ROPE.":RETUR

4,2)):L1=VAL(MIDS(PPS(

>.6THENRETURN PRINT"THE WOLVES

NEED TO

THE

1090 T1=VAL(MID5(PPS(LO),I+

KS 1110

XS 960

GOTO975

))

RETURN IFNOTNP%(WF)=LOORRND(1)

930

PRINT"! RYING

XS 920 XK 925

RAGE."lVf=5+FND(5}:

PRINT"GRIEF

1085

NEXTtRETURN IFNOT(VF>0ORNT)THENNP%(

IFIN«38ORIN=39THENPRINT

into a

NNP%(WF)=D:RETURN

RETURN

D-VAL(MIDS(DS,I+2,2)}:F ORI-0TOWV:IFWV%(I)=DTHE

HC 900 JR 905

IFNOTIN=3THEN725 T HUNGRILY BUT

JG 895

YOU

1270

JC 1265

IFWH=WCTHENMS?=ERS(8): RETURN

COMPUTES Gazette

May 1986

107

1270

CX=TX:CY=TY:CL=TL:GOSU

B2 775:IFWH=RHTHENMSS=" THERE 11Q

1275

ARE

RATS

IFWH=BHTHENMSS = "THERE

{SPACEjARE CA

1280

RETURN

1285

CR FA

1290 1295

HERE."

BATS HERE."

1490

1300 1305

1315

GOSUB1645

1505

IFNOTNL-QTHENPRINTERS( 1)NDS(N)PES:RETURN

QQ 1755 QK

SUB1500:NEXT:RETURN

INS=WOS(NW):IFIN?=PEST HENPRINTERS(0)[RETURN

1510

IFNOT1CTHEN1525

IFINS = "INVE"THIiNNW=NWf

1515

PRINTERS(7)NDS(N)-1.

15 20

GOSUB1715:IFNOTALTHEN1

1525

PRINTNDS(N)"

345

15 30

PW=PH-IJWS(N) :TT=TT+X

GOSUB1735:IFNOTBUTHEN1

15 35

IFNO=QTHENHP%(N)=LO:RE

1540

INTERS(6)>RETURN

1545

J=0:FORN=0TONO:IFNOTBU

DB 1550

1325

1330 GOSUB1645:IFNL=XTHENJ=

1335 NEXTN:IFNOTJTHENPRINT" NOTHING TAKEN."

1340

RETURN

1345

GOSUB1595

IFNOTNL=QTHEN1575

SO 1565

IFNOTJTHENJ=Q:PRINT"YO

XH 1570 MJ 1575

FORI=0TONC:N=NC»(I):GO GOSUB1645 IFNL=QTHENPRINT"YOU ALREADY

CARRYING

IFMW<NW%(N)+PWT1IENPRIN OMETHING

MUST

DROP

FIRST."iRETUR

1390 PW=PW+NW*(N)iTT=TT+2

1395 1400 1405

1595

NC=Q:FORI=0TOSL:HC%{I)

FB AF

1610

1615

1620 1625

NEXTL:GOTO16 35

1630

NEXTI:RETURN

1635

NC=NC+X:NC%(NC)=I:NW=N W+L:GOTO1600

1640 1645

=XiRETURN 1650

L=VAL(WOS(NW)) :IFL=-0TH

1775

ENRETURN

BF SH

1780 1785

OB=SH%(N)-X:FORWO=1TOL

1660

IFVAL(MID?(SOS(0B),W0, 2))=LOTHENNL=X:W0=(WO-

1665

NEXT:RETURN

1670

IFNO19THEN1695

1675

PRINT"QUIT?

";:GOSUB27

60:IFLEFTS(INS.l)=BY"T HENPRINT"{CLRi[TOPJ":E PP

1425

RETURN

CM JE

1430 1435

: INS=WOS[NW)iIFINS=PEST

HENPRINTER510)tRETURN JV

1440

BR QK

G0SUB1715iIFNOTALTHENl

EN(S0S(0B))STEP2

X)/2:RETURN KK

FORWO=.0TOMS : IFMS % (WO) = OTIIENNL=QiRETURN

1680 1685

485

FORWO-0TOMS : IFMS% (WO } = NEXT:RETURN

JH EP

1690 1695

INTER$(6):RETURN

1700

IFNP*(N)=LOTHENNL=X

J=0:FORN=0TONOiIFNOTBU

RETURN

455 GOSUB1595:IFNC=QTHENPR

IFNP*(N)=QTHENNL=Q:RET

1790

1795

1800

1705

1710

1460

FORK=0TONCiIFNC«(K)-NT

1715

1465

HEN1475 NEXT

1720

IIP

1470

IFNP%(N)=0THENGOSUB152

1475

IFMID$<AL$,I,4)=W0S(NW

)THENNW=NW+X:AL=QiRETU RN

5 :J=Q

NEXTN:IFNOTJTHENPRINT" YOU LEFT NOTHING."

1725

1730

1735

1480

RETURN

1485

GOSUB1595

May 1986

NEXTiRETURN

BU=0:FORI=1TOLEN{BUS)S

TEP4

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

1805

GOSUB15 95:IFNOTNC=QTHE N2045

1810 1815

GOSUB1715:IFALTHEN2000

CC FD

INS=WOS(NW):FORI=1TOLE N(DRS)STEP4 1820 IFINS=MIDS{DRS,1,4)THE

NJ={I-X)/8:DS=MIDS(DRS ,I,X):GOTO1830

1825

NEXT:GOTO1865 1830 TT=TT+2:NW=NW+XjFORI-1 T0LEN(PPS(LO))STEP6lIF

ds=mids(pp5!lo),i,x)th EN1845 JM

1835

IFICTHENPRINTER$(3)iRE TURN

1840

NEXT:PRINTERS(3):RETUR N

IFNOTMIDS(PPS(LO),I+X,

1S45

X) = "0"THENPRINT"I1 CAN" T SEE THAT WAY."iRETUR N 1850 PRINT"!^ SEE THE "jiI-V

AL(MIDS(PPS(LO).I+2,2) DJ

1855 PNS=-PNS(I) !IFVAL(PNS)T

CD QS

1860 1865

HENPNS=PKS(VAL(PN?)) PRINTPNSPE?:RETURN IFICTHENPRINT"^ AM INS IDE

1870

1875

1880

THE

MEDIEVAL CASTL

E. ":RETU RN TT=TT+X:PNS=PNS(LO)iIF

VAL(PNS)THENPNS-PNS(VA L(PN5)) PRINT"[DOWN]>"PN¥PES IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

RS(4):RETURN

XM 1885 J=LO:IFVAL(DES(PD%(J))

)THENJ=VAL(DES(PD%(J)) SR 1890

FORI=PD%(J)TOPD*(J+X)XiPRINTDESlD" ";iKKXT

1895 PRINT"tLEFT)."

1900

CB 1905

PRINT"[DOWNjOBVIOUS

ITS TO:":F0RT

PS(LO))STEP6 FORJ=0TODR:IFMIDSI

LO),I,X)=LEFTS(DRS(J), X)THENPRIfiTDRS(J)" "; KM

1910

1915

NEXT:NEXT:PRINT IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

RS(4):RETURN

AL=0iFORI=lTOLEN(ALS)S TEP4

NEXT:RETURN

RS(4)tRETURN

URN

THEN1470

TM=L"TN(T):RETURN T-Q:FORI=0TOTN:IFTNS(I

)=WOS(NW)THENNW=NW+XiT

LOTHENNL=X:RETURN

GOSUB1735:IFNOTBUTHEN1

NW=HW+X:GOSUB1785:IFT=

-I:RETURN

IFSH*(N)=ZTHEN1670

CK 1655

COMPUTE!1! Gaielte

17 70

WO=QiNL=0iIF(N=38ORN=3 9ORN=40)ANDLO=67THENNL

1420

108

K=K+VAL(MIt)S(INS,K,X) ) •4+X:GOTO1610

1415

1455

G0SUB17 85:1FNOTT"QTHEN TM=TN(T)sRETURN

DS(INS,K+X+L*4,4)THEN1

IFK>LEN(IN?)THEN1630 FORL=0TOVAL(MID?(INS,K ,X))-X:IFWOS(NW+L)< >MI 625

MS%(WO)=Q NDS=NDS(N)+":TAKEN":IF

1450

1765

IFWOS(NW)=PE?THENRETUR K 160 5 FORI=0TONO;IN?=NOS(I):

IFWOS(NW)="NIGH"THENTM

=Q:NEXT

IFWO=QTHENNP%(N)~QiGGT

MR 1410 PRINTNDSiRETURN

CONTINUE

01405

PR=0

1445

GOTO820

PRTHENNDS="("+NDS+")":

RETURN

K^X

IFN=WFTHENFRINT"THE WO LVES GROWL.":RETURN IFNW%(N)=ZTHENPRINTND$ (N)":ARE YOU KIDDING?"

=0iNW=NW+XiRETURN

";:J-USR[0):PRINT"

QF 1600

IFNOTNL=XTHENPRINTER$( 2)NDS(N)" HERE."iRETUR

TND$(N)":.I

DS MH

IFICTHENPRINT"(DOWN)PR

1585 1590

:RETURN

1385

HANDED.

DF HF

EMPTY

ICLRJ"sPOKESP.l

THE

■'ND?(N)PES:RETURN

1380

CARRYING:

ARE

1365

ESS

1360

1375

ARE

PRINTNDS(N) NEXTiIFNOTJTHENPRINTMY

RETURN

IFNC=QTHENPRINTERS(01 :

1370

1760

IFICTHENPRINT"[CLR]" iP

DB 1560

AF 1580

SUB1360:NEXT:RETURN

MS%(WO)=>LOiRETURN

1555 J=0iFORN=0TONO:GOSUB16

Q:GOSUB1360

TM=Q:IFWO$(NW)="FOR

OTHENT=1

LEFT."

NEXT:RETURN

HENNW=NW+X

OKESP,0

1320 FORK=0TONCiIFN=NC%(K)T

1355

1745 1750

TURN

NL=LOiLO=B0:GOSUB1530:

MP XX

LO=NL:RETURN

TUEN1330

1350

)THENNW=NW+X:BU=Q:RETU RN

1500

GOSUB1595tIFW>QTHENPR

IFMIDS(BUS,I,4J=W0S{NW

FORI=0TONC:N=NC%(I):GO

HEN1335

1740

1495

315

KC 1310

RETURN

X:GOTO15 50

IFNC-QTHENPRINTER$(0)t

1920

J=0:FORN=0TONO

1925

1930

IFN=19AND{MS%(0)°LOORM S«(1)=LO)THEN1935 IFN0T(NP%(N)=LOANDNS%(

SB 1935

N)>Q)THEN1945

IFNOTJTHENPRINT"iDOWNj

OBJECTS DK

1940

PRESENT:"

PRINTNDS(N)iJ^Q

RQ 1945 NEXTiFORI=0TOSO:N=SO*( HP 1950

PP 2160

PRINT"!

Ril

2165

D. 1P:RETURN KW=N:IFNPS(10}=QORNP«(

2170

N=10:GOSUB1645:IFNL=0T

2175

HEN2180 PR=0:GOSUB1385:GOSUB16

I):GOSUB1645

IFNOT(NL=XANDNS%(N)>0)

1955

IFNOTJTHENPRINT"{DOWNJ OBJECTS

PRESENT:"

1960

J=Q:PRINTNDS(N)

1965

RETURN

FR AG

2180

1975

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

1980

R$(4)(RETURN GOSUB1715:IFNOTALTHEN2

2185

PR=Q:GOSUB1385

040

2190

IFNOTNP*(N)=QTHENPRINT

1985

ND=QiGOSUB1735:IFNOTBU

HENPRINT"£

1990

GOSUB1595:IFNC=QTHENPR

INTERS(6)iRETURN

1995

2000 NC=Q:FORI=0TOSL:NC%(I) =Q:NEXT

2005

FORI=0TONO:N=I:GOSUB16 45iIFNL=0THEN203fl

2010

IFND=QTHEN2025

2015

FORJ=0TOND:IFI=ND%(J)T HEN2030

2020

NEXTI:IFNC=QTHENPRINT" IS

NOTHING

AMINE.":RETURN

2035 GOTO2045

2040

2045

2195

2200

2055

2)ND$(N)" JJ

2060

2065

2070

2075

HERE."iRETUR

PRINTND?(N)"i";:IFN=6T

HENPRINTNS4(N)"DAY(S) {SPACEJOF FOOD LEFT."i 2080

K^N:NNS=NES(NE%(N)):TT =TT+2

2085

IFN=5THEN2100

";iNEXT

: P RI NT " I LE FT } . { DOWN \ " i IS

2220

IFNOTNP%(0)=LOTHENPRIN T'l NEED A SMALL TREE.

£225

N=10:GOSUB1645:IFNL=OT

2230

HEN2240 IFNL=0THENPRINT"^

2235

PR=Q:GOSUB1385:IFNOTNP

NEED

AXE."tRETURN

AN AXE."I RETURN 2240 NP%(0)=-2:NP%(21)=LO:T T=TT+30:NP%(20)=LO:PRI NT"TREE

DOWNED.":RETUR

2245

2250

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

2255

[IF

2260

2265

GOSUB1595:I=0:IFNC=QTH

ENPRINTERS(0):RETURN N=NC%( I) :I-I+X:IFN=OT1I ENRETURN IFN=0THF,NGOSUB2220:GOT

2105

IFLNTHENPRINT"ON."iRET

2270

WP=10:GOSUB2350:IFNOTE

XE EA

2275 2280

RTHEN2260 PRINTER?(0):RETURN :

2285

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

R$(4)iRETURN 2290

2295

VM=NCS(0):N=VM:GOSUB16

2300

IFNOTNL=XTHENPRINTERS( 2)NDS(VM)" HERE.":RETU RN

2305

IFNOTWO$(NW)="WITH"THE

2310

URN

2115

RN :

2120

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE

2125

RS(4)IRETU RN

GOSUB1595:I=0iIFNC=QTI! ENPRINTERS(0):RETURN

2130

N=NC%(I) ;I = I+X:IFN=QTIi ENRETIJRN

2315

2135

IFN=19THENGOSUB2150:GO TO2130 2140 IFN=20THENGOSUB2220:GO

2145 PRINTER$(0):RETURN

2150

N=17:GOSUB1645:1FNOTNL

2155

=0THEN2165 N=20:GOSUB1645:IFNOTNL -0TIIEN2165

TO2130

RATS

Eli

2405

GOTO2385

2410

2415

IFNOTLNANDNTTHENPRINTE R?(4):RETURN

2420

GOSUB1715:IFALTHENNW=N

W+X:PRINTERS(0)iRETURN PX

2425

2430

2435

GOSUB1595:I=«0:IFNC=QTH

ENPRINTERS(0)iRETURN N=NC%(I)iI=I+X:IFN=QTH ENRETURN IFN=22THt;NPRINTDN? :GOT 02430 EO

2440

2445

GOSUB1645:IFN=12THENGO

SUB2465:GOTO2430 IFN=XTHENGOSUB2455:GOT

02430

GR 2450 KII 2455

PRINTERSI0)iRETURN IFNL=0THENPRINTERS(2)"

TT=TT+5:PRINT"THE

SIGN 2460

HERE.":RETURN SIGN

SAYS:'"RDS(WO7"-'":RE TURN

MQ 2465

IFNL=0T!IENPRINTERS(2)"

2470

IFNL=XTHENPR=Q:GOSUB13

2475

GOSUB1645:IFNOTNL=QTHE

BOOK

HERE. ":RETURN

NPRINTERSI1)"BOOK.":RE TURN

JQ 2480

TT=TH-30iFORJ=BC%(CC)T

OBCS(CC+X)-X:PRINTBCS( J)" ";:NEXT:PRINT"

I LEFT]." AX 2485 CC=CC+X:IFCC>MCTHENCC= 0

2490 2495

RETURN :

2500

WP=NC»(0):IFWS%(WP)=0T

2505

BF=0:GOSUB1715:IFNOTAL THEN2535 L=0:FORI=.BFTOFO:N=FO%(

HENP RINT"THE "ND?(WP)" IS NOT A WEAPON."iRET

2510

NW=NW+ltGOSUB1595:IFNO

URN

MK JP

2320 IFNP%(WP)=QTHEN2 350 2325 PRINTER?(1)ND$(WP)PE$:

IID

2330

I) :GOSUB1645

WP=QiFORI = 0TONO:IFNOTN

P4(I)»QORWS%(I)=0THEN2 340

CR 2335

IFWS%|I)>WPTHENWP=I

NEXT:IFWP=QTHENPRINT"Y OU HAVE NO WEAPON.";RE TURN

IFNL=XORNL=QT1IENL=Q:GO SUB2550

DB 2515 NEXT:IFLTHEN2530 CR 2520 IFBF=0THENPRINT"NOTHIN

RETURN

2340

AO GX

TNC=0THENPRINT"WITH WH AT?"!RETURN

ARE

HERE7":RETURN

IFN0TN=38THENPRINTERS(

RINT"THERE

GOSUB1595:IFNOTNC=0TME

NPRINTERS10)iRETURN

MR 2110 PRINT"OFF.1 DOWN)"'RETU PG

2395

02260

N2330

2048,0:SYSMR:SYSMB:SYS

2215

RETURN

PRINT"THE LANTERN

POKE40960+TX+TY*64+TL*

FORJ=NE%(K)TONE%(K+X)-

ENPRINTERS(5)iRETURN

2100

2390

IFMSI(J)—-2THENMS%(J) =

0):ER=Q:RETURN RR 2400 IFNOTWH-RHORNOTICTHENP

HERE."iRETURN HV=HV+.l:IFWS%(WP)<6TH

HENPW=PW-NWS(N) NP%(N)=-2:RETURN

3):RETURN IFVAL(NN?)THENK=VAL{NN

X:PRINTNE5(J)"

23B5

IFNOTWH=BHORNOTICTHENP RINT"THERE ARE NO BATS

2095

N=KW:GOSUB1645:IFNL=QT

IFNN$="N"THENPRINTERS(

TL=CL:TX=CXiTY=CY:GOSU

2210

EC 2087 2090

OFF.

RETURN

ONE

RUN

NEXT:STOP

1) NDS ( N ) PES : RETU RN

2375

R$(4)iRETURN

IFNOTNL=QTHENFRINTER$(

INJURE ALL

THEY

2205

IFNWS(N)=0TH£N2075

PR=Q:GOSUB1385:GOSUB16

PRINT"YOU OLF;

TT=TT+4iGOSUB1645:IFNL =QTHEN207 5 IFNOTNL=XTHENPRINTERS( S

HV=HV+.2:IFN0TWS%(WP)>

B2775:IFNOTN=39THEN239

*(N)=QTHENPRINT"I^ NEED

FORI=0TONC:N=NC%(I)iGO

TT=TT+30iPRINTuSTAKi;S 1 SPACE(MADE.":FORJ=0TO

IFNOTVM=3THEN2375

":GOTOB85

2380

NEED

DOG":RE

JR 2370 PRINTER${5):RETURN

GOSUB1595:IFNC=QTHENPR

SUB2050:NEXT:RETURN

2050

2365

LO:GOTO2210

INTER5{0)iRETURN

TOOL

"iRETURN

NC-NC+X:NCS{NC)=I

THERE

DM 2025 2030

DIES."iDF=

4THEN2370

TOOL.":RETUR

FORI = 0TONC:iND«(I)=NC%( I):NEXT:ND=NC

NEED

."sRETURN

THEN2000

DB 2360

N=16:GOSUB1645:IFNL=0T

1970

AND

TURN

45:IFNL=QTHEN2195

YELPS

0iNDS(2)="DEAD XH 2355

WOO

16)=QTHEN2195

THENRETURN

NEED LOOSE

G EDIBLE HERE."JGOTO25 30 PRINT"MOTHING TO DRINK

2525

CG MJ

2530 TT=TT+2iRETURN 2535 GOSUB1595:IFNOTNC=QTHt;

2540 PRINTERS(B):RETURN 2545

HERE.71

N2545

IIH

2345

PRINT"(WITH

"NDS(WP)")

2350

IFVM=2THENPRINT"'THE DO

FORI=0TONC:N=NC3(I)IGO SUB2550(NEXTJRETURN

2550

IFNOTNU>170THKtJ2565

COMPUTE'S Gazette

May 1986

109

JC 2555

IFKLFTHENPRINT"I/M NO

2 560

T HUNGRY.":RETURN PRINT"I'M MOT THIRSTY.

2565

":RETURN FORJ=BFTOfO:IFFOS(J)=N

2760

2570

NEJCTsTT=TT+XtIFBi'=0THE

NPRINTfJDS (N) "

NOT

EDIB

LE."IRETURN MH

2575

2580

PRINT"I

CAN'T

DRINK

2765

"ND$Tn)PES:RETURN

QQ QS RR

2585

PRINTEHS(2)NDS(N)"

2595

E. "iTT=TT+2iRETURN IFNL=XTHENPR=Q:G0SUB13

HER

P0KEXS,TXiPOKEYS,TY:PO

KELS,TL:SYSWKiWH-PEEK( OS):RETURN JA CC

27B0 2785

DATA,50,21,1,-1,1,,3,.

2790

DATAAND

2600

2605

2610

2615

THE T012

I 2

13 SPACES]UPl2

2B00

2805

26 25

2630

263 5

2640

IFFD < 3THENPRINT"ONLY"; PRINTFD"DAY(S) OF FOOD

JJ XE

2645 2650

BF=LF:GOSUB171.5:IFALTH

2655

EN2505 GOTO2 53 5

2660

2665

26 80

2810

2820

2825

DATA"THE

2830

DATA"THETBt:ES

GOSUB17 55:FORK=0TOSEiI FSE%(K}^LOTHEN2675 NEXTtPRINT"^ CAN NOT S LEEP HERE.":RETURN IFNOT(TM=0ORTM=Q)THEN2

2835 2840

2845

2700

WAY

DIRECTI

DATAREAD,HELP,EXAM,MAK EHUIL.AXE

FOR

TEN

,DR

2865

GOSUB1755:IFTM=30RTM=Q

,DOG,,1W0LF1WOLV,85,,W

THENTM=10

OLVES,,1 ROPE,23,5,ROPE

QC BS

2720 2725

IFNOTTM> 59THEN2740 PRINT"REALLY WAIT THAT

27 30

IFLEFTS(INS.X)<>"Y"THE

27 35

2880

"; IGOSUB2760

2885

RETURN

CAN

OFFER NO H

ELP.":RETURN

COMPUTE'S Gazette

2950

May 19B6

,2,WOODEN

2890

2895

AMP.-l DATAlFIEL,-2,,FIELD,-1 ,1CAST,-2,,CASTLE,-1,1 LL,,

2955

DATAVILLAGE,-1,1WALL,2,,STONE

WALL,-1,1 RAT

{SPACE)1 RATS,-2,,RATS, PM XK

2960

DATA1BAT

2965

S,,1VAMP,67,.VAMPIRE, DATA1,01163908,23,5813

1BATS,-2,,BAT

,24,1617,25,0102,26,08 09,27,27 28313212394647 MS

2970

UATA28,272831321239464

748,29,41519280,30,514 19280,31,3775,32,37707

2975

17535 DATA33,726973687170,34 ,41925180,3 5,6160588 36

2980

DATA6,100,11,20,14,15,

2985

7,5,13,5 DATA"THAT

GARLIC,

2990

DATA1FUEL10IL 2LANTFUE L,23,1,LANTERN FUEL,,1 AXE ,29,10,AXE,

DATA"WHY

HITS

SPOT.", "RAW

YUCKI

DID

EAT THE

HOLY WAFERS?77, "YICK I "

,""THANKS,

1_ WAS THIRST

2995

DATA"PATH

APPROACHING

(SPACE]VILLAG E",N00110 ,T,"PATH

FRONT

3000

3005

VINE

MALLET,

REALLY

I SPACEJTHE

,60,

SPACES}VINE

DATA5,1,BOTTLE

H0USE,-l,lRIVE,-2,

GARD,-2,,GARDEN,-1.1VI

DATAN00710E00203S00010 ,T, "WALKWAY TO Um".E0 0303W00103.T

GAR,1,1HALL2WOODMALL,5

V=HV-.017iTT»TT+5:GOSU

B800:IFWTTHENNEXT:WT=0

2DEADDOG

DATA1LAMP1LANT,5,5,LAN TERN,,1FOOD,3,,FOOD,10 ,2VINEBOTT1VINE3BOTTOF

NRETURN

WT=OjFORK-0TOTMSTEP5:H

DATA1DOG

GATE

DATA-1,2GATEHOUS,-2,,G ,RIVER,-1,1SWAM,-2,,SW

SHOP,-1 DATA1HOUS,-2,,HOUSE,-1

ATE

,SIGN,

2710 2715

110

2945

DATA1TREE2SMALTKEE,21,

GM EC

27 5 5

.SMALL TREE,,1SIGN.-2, RR 2875

,lCOTT,-2,,COTTAGE,-1,

,EXTISMUT,DRIV,REFU,CL

2870

,-2,.VILLAGE

664,37,6564668382

DATACOLO,LAMP,LIGHIGNI EA

DATA1CHUR,-2,.CHURCH,-

1GATE2IRONGATE,-2,,IRO

KILLATTAFIGHSTAB,TIME,

RETURN

2940

G1VEFEEDTHR0

FORK=0TOTMSTEP20JTT=TT +20iHV«HV-.13iGOSUB800 IGO5UBG30INEXT

PRINTS

DATASCREYELLSHOU.BRIE,

SPACES}HELL,

STAKES,,1LOGS

1LOG 1WOOD,-2,,LOGS, DATAlSTUM,-2,,STUMP,,2 CORNSTON1STON,64,,CORN ER STONE,,lWELL,-2,,WE

1.1INN

IN,SLEE,WAITREST,JUMP 2860

A TIME.":TM=60

CHOP,EAT

MIRROR,

N,-l ,lSliOP,-2, .VILLAGE

(3 SPACES]LOOK 2855

DATA1STAK2WOODSTAK.-2,

LL,-1 2935

SPACES}INVE,L

VERB,HI[2 ONLY

SPACESJWALKCL

,TAKEGET GRAB.Q ,DROPLEAV,I

270 5

2740 2745 2750

2925

DATAHOUR,60,MINU,1.SfcIC

AR GS BG

A WALL TH

DATANORTH,SOUTH,EAST,W

SPACES]MIRR,24,l,PI

ECE

BLOCKE

PALES

,,1MIRR3PIECEOF

ftRE TOO

THAT

DATA"THERE'S

IM,RUN UITE^fD

IFTM>600THENPRINT"^

LONG?

WATER.

RM 2Q50 DATAGO)2

RETURN

THAT

O, .017

FORK=lTO3 0iHV=HV-.13iT T=TT+201GOSUB800iGOSUB

OURS 0

,,1,-1

EST,UP,DOWN

SLEEP

2920

CEPALE.48,10 DATABROKEN FENCE

DENSE

PRINT"SLEEP FOR TEN HO URS? ";:GOSUB2760:IFNO

DATA1KNIF3SH0RBLADKNIF

ERE.

830:NEXT

2690 26 95

CAN'T

ON.

ETURN

XP MD

DATA'^I

AY-

TLEFTS(INSiX)="Y"THENR 26 85

1,, ,-1*1.

HOLY

,49,1,KNIFE,,1PALE2FEN

DATA1020,80,22,5,,,1,-

2915

DATAEXCEIiUT ,NWTB,1,11 00,820,821,822,2,18,4,

2815

DATA19,2,TIN CIFIX,

QF 2930

EVER

WAT

AFERS,1,1CRUC,18,2,CRU

30,40,14,4,3,

695

2910

3,20,831,19,160,40,600

FD=NS«(N)-X:NS%(N)=FD: PW=PW-2:NW%(6)=FD*2 IFFD=0THENPRINT"NO MOR E FOOD.":NP%(6)=-2

LEFT.":RETURN

DATA5.2, ,6,ALL

:RETURN

2675

2,WOODEN

HUNTER"

HOLY

N 0F12 SPACES]HOLYWAFE 3TINOF[2 SPACESJWAFE

92,3,3,8,58,128,17,4,5

NEt(N)-0:PW=PW-NW%(N)i

"VAMPYRE

ER, 1 ,lWAFE2H0LYWAFii4TI

SPACESJ.NSEWUD

DATA

SPACES]WATE,19,2

DATABOTTLE

SPACES]

KU=NU+NL'*(J) :IFN=6THEN

2905

SPACESjEASTE

(3 SPACESIWESTW

Ul3 SPACESjDOWND

SPACKS)SOU

RETURN

NW% ( N) = NW% ( N) / 3 : P W= PW+ NW%(N) 2620 NUS(N)="EMPTY "+ND5(N)

26 70

DATAN0RTN13

NP RINTERS(1)NDS(N)PES:

PRINTFDS(J)

(2 OQ

SPACESjAT

SPACES)SOME

TS(3

GOSUB1645:IFNOTNL=QTHE

2625

INTOEMPTA

(3 SPACES)AN[2 SPACES]

35 JR

H0LYWATE3B0TT0F

2775

2795

DATA2WATEBOTT1WATE2HOL

S(PEEK(BP+I)):NEXT:VI» VAL(INS)[RETURN EM

2900

GARLIC,,1BOOK,

YWATE4BOTTOF{2 SPACES]

THEN2595

FORI=0TOZL:INS=INS+CHR

2770

GOSUB1645:IFNL=XORNL=Q

2590

30,2,BOOK,

IFNS%(N)=0THENP RINT"TH ERE'S NONE LEFT.":RETU

RING

RINT!IN?="":IFZL-QTHEN RETURN RA

THEN2 580 JH

GOSUB830:ZL«USR[0)-1:P

DATA"INN

DINING

ROOM",

E20S03W20206U20405,B,B EDROOM,D20305,B QD

3010

DATABACKROOM,W20306,B,

DATA1GARL3STRIOF

PATH,N01505E00705,T,6,

E00810W00605S00110.T

SPACES3GARL,22,1,ST

FRONT

3135

DATA"PATH

3140

3020

0 SHOP" DATAN02303S00803,T,6,N 01105W00820,T,6,N02 710 S01005E01206.T

3145

|SPACEJSHOP",N00903E01

020W00710,T,"WALKWAY

3015

3025

DATA"PATH

FRONT

108W26606,N,54,N26230W

IELD

XR 3150

DATA"PATH

FRONT OF

[SPACE)CHURCH",N02010S

01510E02515W01703,T

3040

DATA"WALKWAY TO CHURCH ",E01603W01B03,T,"CHUR CH

SANCTUARY

3045 DATftE217fc)3S21910,B,"CH URCH

3050

3155

OOT

3165

3170

3055

DATABEDROOM OF SHOP.D2

3175

2305,B,6,N03420E02613W 01615,T,6,N0'3 3 2 0E02707 H02513.T

3060

tSPACE]HOUSE,E02904W02 3065

3180

704, T DATADESERTED

HOUSE,W22

804,B,29,W2 3104,B,2B,W

3185

3190

3070

DATA6.N04310S02710E031

3195

04W03 314,T,FOREST,N242 20S226 20E23 214W2 3426.T

3200

3075

DATA33.N24120S22520E23

3080

DATABROKEN

BRIDGE,N073

40S03620E03805W03 520.W

,6,E03910W03705,T AD

3085

04,T,6,E04115W03910S02

3090

010,T,6 DATAE04213W04015N05104 S03 42 0,T,6,S03320E043 0

7W04113,T,6 XC

3095

3100

3105

EPER'S HOUSE.N26820S24 704,B,WEST

GATE

,N,52 DATAW08004S08206,B,64, N2S106E28320,N,64,S266

3305

DATA"A SHORT LOG

30E28412W28220,N,54 DATAS26230W28306E28508

3310

ED ELM TREE",,N, DATA"THIS CORNER STONE

DATA6,N09010W09107S085 15,T,6,S0B910,T,6,E089 DATA6,E09113W07815S080 DATA"INN","THE

3110

DATASOUTH

MIRRORS,

AUSE

3115

3125

3130

BURNS

DATA"HE GOOD

3240

3245 3250

DATAN25830E25620W25420 ,T,54,W25S20N25930,T,1

AND

THE IS

CRUC

ALSO

CALL

WOLVES

MPIRE

CAN OF

TWO

KILLED WAYS!

DRIVING INTO

DATAOUT OF DATAN,,AN ON

WITH

3260

3335

3340

3345

HIS

OLD

3350

DATA"A

ME GOOD

STRONG

PORT

VICI TO

3355

ONLY IN

VILLAGE

WELL

SHOP

MAINTAINED,

DATA"UUT

BEGINNING

SHOW ITS

DATA "THIS HOUSE,

AGE

THE VILLAGE,

ONLY

ONE

SINGLE SP

3360

FT HA

STORY AND

ROOM",,27,

DATA"THIS USTED

AND

DATA"VERY SMALL. S

LARGE

THE AND

IRON G

CASTLE WILL

NOT

MOV

GO. 3365

3370

3375

3380

HUNGRILY",

THE

VILLAGE",

{SPACE]LOOKS RECENTLY [ SPACE JABAKDONED. 2.T J

OLD,

ENGRAVE

ENOUGH

DATA ■'FORTUNATELY,

FOR

BEEN

LEFT

OPEN

{SPACEjANY WANDERING

ISPACEjSTURDY HEMP ROP E

H T

RAVELER",

UCODEN

LENGTH

THE

DATA"THE

ERS

BODY

PACK OF

INN I STORY

{SPACE)MAWY Of THE OTH

CASKET

SEEMS

fSPACEJTO

IT,,N, WOLVES

IS A S

BUILDING,

DATA"TO BE

WOODE

HIS

WORDS

DATA"THIS

EYEING FM

[SPACEjUNTIL DAWN.

OUS

DATA13.N08730S05530E05 920W06010D45715,N,54,N

315E06010W06208.N

STAKE

A MAN

TS AGE", DATA"THE VILLAGE S A DECAYING TWO

ATE

OPENING FOR

DATA"THE CHURCH

WOODEN

BATS,

THREEtTHE

ENOUGH

PPEARS

DATA"PART

DATABY

WITH AN

RGE

DEFENSE." ,

IGN

JE 3255

3330

SKIN

IM FF

DEFENSE.

DATA"HE CAN RATS

FEARS

C3ARLIC

IT", IS CIRCU

TONE BUILDING IN GOOD [SPACEjCONDITION FOR I

HOLY

HIS

(SPACEJAND

AND

[SPACEjOR BY KEEPING H

28830S25630W25B20.T DATA6,N08630S05430E058 10W06110,N,6,N08515S0 5

3325

CAST

4,U45B20W26710,N

NOT

IDENTIFIED.

WATER

GATE HOUSE,W25104N2

DATA6,N06115S04310W063

BEC

30W25320E25520,T,54 3120

DOES

VAMP

04104E05204W05004,N,EA

08E05420,N,GARDEN,N260

SHORT DEDICATIO

LAE

DATA"REFLECTIONS

6503,B SX

ENGRAVED ON

ERE IS A STRONG POST T O TIE A ROPE TO NEARBY

UNINT

HISTORY

FROM

KB 3320 DATA'TO CLIMB DOWN.

VAMPIRES

ONE:AN

END",

DATA"THE WELL

MORE)",

FEARS

ONE

GATE.N06705S

HAS

3315

ARE

{SPACE}A RECENTLY DOWN

N AM

STAKES

{SPACEjCARVED WITH ONE SHARP

VILLAGE

TWOsTHE

(READ

COND AGE"

,,N,,N,

0W08412,N,54 DATAS26030E28720W28520 ,T,54,S25830W286 20E28B

E25104.B

DATA"THESE

IRE

HOUSE,

THINGS,

3300

3215

3235

MANY

SEEMS

BEEN

ERESTING

FOR

HAVE

DATAW07715E09215,T,50, E08004.B,NORTH GATE,NO 9204S0670 5E0S104W07904

MPIRES", DATA"PART

DATAW04704,T,GROUNDSKE

DATA"DAGGER.

3295

03904E04804W04604,T,46 PE

WHICH

3230

KNIFE

SOMETHING

T IT IS STILL DATA"IN VERY GOOD ITION DESPITE ITS

DATA"PART

HANDLED

40E27320,W,35 DATAN27610S27220E27715

IFIX.

DATAWALKHAY TO GROUNDS KEEPER'S HOUSE,N04904S

3290

READIN

G",,N,,N,,N, DATA"A SHORT-BLADED WO

3210

3225

W27420,W,36,N27215S235

WORTH

MAY

[SPACEJTO

DATA"'SLAYING

04704, T GE

3285

DUSTY OLD

LOOKS

3205

3220

BOTT

GARLIC", DATA"THIS

DATAN27230S23740E27010

ANCIENT

\SPACE)POTENT SMELLING

[SPACE}A

OST

DATAN05310S03210E04410

W04207,T,6,E04510W04 31 0,T,6,W04410,T,FENCE,E

CHURCH","GROUNDSKEEPE

A HU

DATA"A LONG STRING OF

212,W,36,N27520S27330E

R"", "SHOP AND TRADING P

DATA6,E04010W03810N047

DATA"THIS

04, T

,N27440E237 20,W,SWAMP, N23720.W

XK 3280

07W09213.T

326W22130,T,RIVER HANK

WEIGHT OF

6806W27312.W DATA70.S27030E26906W27

20,T,54,W287 30S2 5 920,T

03204E03004.T SG

3275

,T,6,N08915S06115E0862

DATA6,N03210S01110W026 07E02804.T,WALKWAY

DATATHE

LE OF VINEGAR IS ALMOS T FULL",,N,,S,,N,

7815S0 6910W0 7515,T,6 KK

OP.S2O903U2240 5D2 2205,

3270

,IV,RIVER,S27510,W,6,E0

CELLER,U22305,B,SH

DIKE.N27130E2

27110W27430,W,36

OC 3160

ALCOVE",N2iai0,B,

6,N04010S01610E02105,T DATA6,W02030E03405,T,R

DATAN07710S06815W07106 ,N,SMALL

1320,N,6,N01610S0060 5,

01106,T,WELL,W01212D41 415,T

3035

4,N2B330S26430E26206,K

DATACASTLE,N28005S2510 5,B,SOUTH FIELD,N06915

3265

MAN,,N,,N,

S04920W07006.N,NORTH

3030 DATAINSIDE THE WELL,U4

26406E25308,T,WALL DATAN26630E26306W26520 ,T,64,E2642DS25206,N,6

1 SPACE[HOUSES",E01312W

DATA54.N28430S26330E26

SUP

DATA"THIS STONE GATE H OUSE HOLDS ONE SIDE OF THE IRON GATE", DATA "THE RIVER FLOWS S TEADILY AND IS FAIRLY

ISPACEjDEEP", DATA"THE

SWAMP

NOT

[SPACEjTOO DANGEROUS, [SPACEJBUT IT IS DIFFI CULT

TRAVEL

COMPUTED Gazette

May 1986

111

RS 33S5

I)ATA"THROUGH IT.

DIREC

TIONS TEND TO GET CONF USED IN THE SWAMP",

3390 DATA"THIS

3395

3400

FIELD WAS

MANY

YEARS,

DATA"THIS CA5TLE COMES WITH

THE BRIDGE DATA"IS DOWN WALL

STONE,

3410

3415

AND

3515

3520

THE OF

ONLY ONE WINDOWS.

THE

GATE

SEEMS

3525

3530

OVELY

3535

WAS ONCE A L

GARDEN,

YEARS

BUT

THOU

NEGLECT

3425

DATAREVERTED

3430

DATA"THE

3540

3545

SMALL VILLAGE

INN,

3435

DATA"SHOP

3440

SHE

MANY

PEOPLE

DATA"ABOUT AND THEY AR E ALL

VERY SHY.

DON'T

{SPACElEXPECT ANY CONV

ERSATIONS",

EK 3445

3450

SHAPED

TAR.

THERE

BETWEEN

SI)

3455

3550

3555

ERE IS ONLY ONE WINDOWS ON THE

HR 3460

DATA"A

BITE

3465

DATA"THESE AMPIRK

E PD

3470

FROM ONE O

ARE

BATS.

3475 3460

BIT

VAMPIRE

HAS

CAPE AND

THE

NORTH",

DATA"THE WALK TO N

LIES

THE

3485

3565

3570

3575

3580

3585

3590

THE

3490

DATA"THE F

THE

DINING

INN

IT AND

IS A

POORLY SMALL

3595

3495

DATA"OCCUPiDOWNSTAIRS

THE OF

DATA"BUILDING.

NT liEDROOM", 3505 DATA"THIS SMALL HAS

SEEN

COMPUTED GB7O»e

MANY

May 19B6

SOME

TURNS

3670

3675

ARE

SOUTH

DATA"THE

PATH

3680

DATA"THERE

3685

3690

3695

WAY

SIGN

FURTHER

3630

HAD

RECE

ROOM

SMAL

S HERE", data"the road [spacejto the a

mall

building

divides north. t

sign

3635 3640

3725

and

SOME TREES,

DATA"IS

NORTH,

heads

ANOTHER DESERT

HOUSE",

DATA"THIS OF

THE

SMALL,

east

and

REM

the

THE

BEYON HOUSE

DATA"THE

FOREST HERE

CTIOH", DATA33,,"THE

RIVER

HER

3735

DATA"THIS BRIDGE ONCE {SPACEJSPANNED THE WID

3740

RE 3745

OF THE

RIVER",

DATA"THERE

O O

THE EAST SMALL TO

WHICH IS TO BE READ FRO

HERE",

DATA"TO THE HE

A SIGN T

NORTH

GROUNDSKEEPER1S

SMA

LL COTTAGE", DATA"THE PATH TURNS HE RE HEADING NORTH AND E AST. A SMALLER PATH, L ESS

DATA"RECENTLY USED, ADS

3760

WEST. THE

TO THE

MOAT

DATATHE

OLD

NORTH

MEDIEVAL

NORTH

ASTLE,

3765

DATA"TO

THE

GATE

THE

3775

T, DATA"THE

ABANDONED.

LITTLE C ANY DIRE

FLOWS STEADILY",

1 SPACEiOF THE

LOO

THINGS

SOUTH,

DATACONTINUES

SHOP

MAY

empt shelv

ARE

USEFUL

D SOME TREES DATALIES ANOTHER

are

THERE

3770

ARE

ROOM

MUCH

BUILDING A OCCUPANTS,

THERE

IMSID

ONE

NOT

DATA"WHICH LINE THE WA LLS OF THIS ROOM", DATA"THE GROUND FLOOR RECENTLY

EAS

THROU

DATA"THIS IS THE SOUTH END OF THE SWAMP",

becomes

to the forest", data"i_t is cool

HOUSE

3730

3755

baskets

THE

S VERY DENSE; AN BE SEEN IN

IspaceJmore like a tra

,-27,

south",

path

there

DESERTED

3750

here.

PART

HERE,,29, DATA"A DESERTED HOUSE (SPACE)LIES TO THE EAS

3710

HOUSE

(SPACElLIES TO THE

HERE",

CRU

DATA"A

3610

DATA"THIS

BUT

THE

DAMAGED

here

FROM

DATASOME

THE

LER THAN THE ROOM TO T HE NORTH. THERE ARE DATA"SOME USEFUL THING

THERE

DATA"FAR TO THE EAST A

3705

LSPACEjWEST", DATA"THIS PART

DATA"THIS

NTLY",

3615

TWO

DATA"OF THE ND ITS LAST

JP 3720

3605

3700

FROM TH

SOUTH THER

REAR OF

ONLY CHURCH IN THE VI LLAGE", DATA"THE VILLAGE CHURC

THE

COTTAGE.

PR 3715

DATA"T0 THE WEST LIES 1 SPACEJTHE WALK TO THE

LOOKS

STORY BUILDING, DATA"BUT THERE IS NO W

THIS

WHICH

READ

DATA"BEEN

DATA"TO THE

DISTANCE,

LIES

LIVED

ONCE

REST", FB

SMALL

DATATO

LONG

THE

LONG NORTH-SOUTH PASS AGE THROUGH A THICK FO

HOU

ENDS NO

NORTH

WHO

A INS

DATA"THERE IS UT BUT UP", THE

SIGNS

ALTH

S",

COTTAG

OCCUPIED

BEDROOM O

RE SOME DESERTED

DATA"SOME

ANY

NORTH

OCCUPIED

data"the

TRAVEL

3665

BUILD

DATA"THE PATH IS NORTH -SOUTH. TO THE EAST AR

data"to the

BKDROO

BEEN THE

RE",

WEST",

3625

STAIR

KEPT

CONTINUES

3620

WAY LEADS UP TO~A VACA

FROM HERE", APPEARS TO H

F THE SHOPKEEPER, OUGH DATA"THERE ARE NO RSON

THE

3600

3500

AND

MBLING

3660

ENTIRE THE

SHOP

PATH

VIL

(SPACEJCHURCH IS WELL {SPACE)MAINTAINED, BUT

ROOM

DATA"THE

BACK

AVE

IN THE VILLAGE",

THE

HALL

AND DOWN DATA"THIS

NORTH

NORTH.

BUT ONE

DATA"BETTER

PATH",

BBLE STONE WALK OF INN",

365S

[SPACE]A DRY WELL",

EAST OF

DATA"YOU ARE ON

[SPACEjPATH",

{SPACEiTHIS NORTH-SOUT

LIES

THE

SES

LARGE V

THEIR

DATA"A SMALL VILLAGE L IES

MIG

INCAPACITATING",

DATA"THE

LONG BLACK HARP FANGS

ROW OF WALL",

F THESE LARGE RATS HT PROVE FATAL",

THE

SCATT

DATA"STAIRWAYS LEAD UP

ABE

USELESSLY ABOUT.

3650

OF T STOR

THE

SOME SUPPLI

MOST

ESni 3560

GAPS

ODDLY,

WALK

BUT

HERE", TO

DATA"STILL ERED

EAST-WEST

SHOP

OLD,

THE

DATA"STONES.

NOTHING

IES

WITH MOR NO

SOME

ROOM,

DESERTED

STONES

ARE

THE

DATA"A

AND

HELD

DATA"TOGETHER

SLE

OTHERS

THOUGH

LAGE", DATA"THE

DATA"THE STONE WALLS A RE HADE UP OF MANY IRK EGULARI.Y

CUTS

AND CHURCH.

(SPACElTHERE ARE SOME {SPACE[HOUSES. I DO NO T

CAN

ITEMS",

DATA"THI5

INGS FF

3645

DATA"THE PATH TURNS FIE RE AND HEADS NORTH AND

THAT LIES TO THE NQRT H PROBABLY HAS A SMALL

UNUSED

OF QP

TO FOREST

LAND,

LEFT

ILLAGE

(SPACE)THE DATA"ONLY WAV INTO THE DATA"THIS

YOU

DATA-1THE BACKROOM !IE INN IS USED TO

CASTLE",

GB 3420

EAST",

SMALL

ROW

SMALL

ES,

DATA"ADORN

BUT

DATA"THERE

COMFORTABLY.

UT THERE EFUL",

SAFE

MADE

DATA"WHERE TEMS

MOAT

[SPACE]FOR TRAVEL. OUTER

3510

HED

COMPLETE

3405

FOR

THERE

I SPACE!BED

CE USED EXTENSIVELY FO R FARMING, BUT NO LONG ER. FT DATAHAS NOT BEEN PLOUG

tSPACEjAND DRAWBRIDGE. ER

ERS.

IEVAL

CASTLE.

PATH

EAST-WEST.

RTH

OLD THE

MED PATH

EAST-WES

CONTINUE TO

THE

THE MOKT OF THE

3780

DATAOLD

MEDIEVAL CASTL

3905

3785

DATA"TWO

PATHS

ERE,

EAST-WEST,

ONE

OTHER

CROSS

H DA

NORTH-SOUTH.

3790

DATA"BOTH

3795

TH LEADS DEEPER INTO T HE FOREST", 3B00 DATA"FURTHER TRAVEL EA

3805

ONCE

EAST-WEST

BLOCKED

DATA"THERE WAS [SPACEJPICKET

3810

FALLE

TREES",

RE,

3910

HEAVILY",

DATA"THIS

WERE

BUT

MAINS", DATA"THE

3915

XA 3920

ONCE A FENCE

LITTLE

VERY

COBBLE

STONE

I SPACE}WALK TO THE GRO 3815

COTTAGE LIKE IT WAS

DATA"LOOKS ONCE

NOW

WELL

MAINTAINED.

IS VERY

3925

DATAOVERGROWN,,46,

3S25

DATA"THERE ARE FEW PER SONAL ITEMS HEBE, BUT ISPACEJSOME THINGS KAY

BE PD

3830

USEFUL",

DATA"THIS O

GATE

ONE

HOUSES

FOR

3930

3935

3835

HAS

THE HE

3840

BEEN

LEFT

OPEN; OVER

3940

HERE

WILL

PUT

YOU

3960

3645

T APPEAR TO

ANY

OTH

3850

DATAENTRANCES

[SPACE)FACE

TLE,,50,

3855

3970

397 5

OVERGROWN

GARDEN

3980

" , ,86 , , 86 , , 86, KH

3860

DATA"THERE

A XP

3865

ABOUT A

ISPACElFOOT OF WATER H

ERE.

STRANGE,

THERE

COMING

{SPACEiTHE WEST, FM

3370

3875

DATA"THIS

CIRCULAR

3985

AROUND

RARELY USED",,86,

THE

WELL

SEEM

3880 DATA"THE

PATH

CONTINUE

NORTH-SOUTHr

3990

3995

3885

4000

4005

DATA"THIS PART OF THE [SPACEjGARDEN LIES BET

4010

4015

AJ ER

3890 3895

A NORTH-SOUTH

PAT

AND

DATATHE LL,,62,

EAST CASTLE

DATA"THIS

THE

3900

DATA "THE E

PORTION

WAI,],

ONLY OF

OF THE

SOUTH

ACCESIBL THE

4020

THE ST CASTLE

SOUTH

CASTLE",

CAN'T KEEP

PATH

OPENS

ENDS

INTO

EAST

HERE

LARGE

DATATO THE IS

SOUTH,,"THE

EAST-WEST

M HERE", DATA"'ONE

HOUSES

THE

FOR

THE

GATE OF THE

NORT

CASTLE",

DATA"THERE IS A SMALL ISPACEjIRON GATE HERE. THIS MAY HAVE BEEN SO ME KIND OF DATA"SERVICE ENTRANCE. GATE

OPEN,

HAS

BEEN

AND THE

DATADOWN ,,79, DATA"THE

LEF

DRAWBR

OVER THE

MOAT

ONLY ACCESSIB

PORTION

OF THE

NORT

H WALL OF THE CASTLE", DATA"THE NORTH WEST CO THE

CASTLE

L",,62,,53, DATA"THIS

WAL

ONLY ONE

1 SPACE)PART OF AN OVER GARDEN",,86,,86,

DATA"A

NEW

PATH

HEADS

WHILE THI

CONTINUES

NORTH

THE

4025

8,,1,,,15,224,,31,240,

2, ,14,224,

DATA4,16,19,49,40,29

BEFORE TYPING . . . Before typing in programs, please refer to "How To Type In COMPUTERS GAZETTE Programs," which appears before the Program Listings.

Program 2: Vampyre Hunter— Machine Language Portion See instructions in article on page

42 before beginning to type. C000 :12

C008 :CF ceia :6F

C01B :C4

C2 D5 A9 77 FB C6

C029 ;85

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98 D5

C02B ;8D

C030 :CA

C039 :96

IJ5

C040 :B6

C04B ;D5

C050 :B9

C058 :C8

C0 03

0B 8D 11

CA CA 8D A9

21 6B 95 Fl

C063 :CC C07G ;F1

CA OB 14 05

C07B :8D

C080 ;85 C08B :33

a?.

(3E

A2 85

C090 :05

01 1)9

135

C098 :06

Af!

C0A0 :D0

1)6

lit*

C0G3 :12

flf

C0B8 iD4 A9 caca :8D 12

C0C8 :99

Fl)

HI)

C0D0 :A0 C0D8 :A9

1)0

C0E0 :04

Af>

E6 A9

FF 77

C0E8 :03

C0F0 :03

3E 03

81)

311

C0F8 ;03

811

C100 :C6

3F 03

C108 :85

0F 92 A9 D7

C110 :1C

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COMMODORE: TRY BEFORE YOU BUY. Top 25

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115

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The Voice r.' ,1 .im It available in- the CB4, C128, all Apple It's, and Atari

DAYS TO CLEAR CHARGES FORC OD ARES3O0 IN CONTtNENTALUS A INCLUDE i\

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DIRECT BANK TRANSFER. PERSONAL AND COMPANY CHECKS ALLOW 14 BUSINESS SHIPPING ON ALL ORDERS. MINIMUM SI 00 MASTER CARD S VISA ORDERS PLEASE INCLUDE CARO I, EXPIRATION DATE AND SIGNATURE. Wl RESIDENTS PLEASE ADD 5S1» SALES TAX HI, AK. FPO. APO, PUERTO RICO AND CANADIAN ORDERS PLEASE ADD MINIMUM 5% SHIPPING AND HANDLING. MINIMUM 55 DO ALL OTHER FOREIGN ORDERS PLEASE ADD MINIMUM tffii SHIPPING. MINIMUM £10.00. ALL GOODS ARE NEW AND INCLUDE FACTORY WARRANTY DUE TO OUR LOW PRICES ALL SALES ARE FINAL. ALL DEFECTIVE RETURNS MUST HAVE A RETURN AUTHORIZATION NUMBER. PLEASE CALL 414-351-2007 TO OBTAIN AN RAH OR YOUR RETURN WILL HOT BE ACCEPTED

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NOTE ON ALL ORDERS OUTSIDE CONTINENTAL U.S.A. WE SHIP ALL ORDERS FIRST

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124

BETTER WORKING Spread Slieel(DI Word ProcessurtDI

EPVX Bull»l32<!'<D|

S2S

133

Barbie (Dj

.19

125

M.ichiilHI

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Maclil28|ll|

173 133

ACT 1 VISION Alter EgolDl

S33

Boirowed TimelDl

119

Sank SI Writer (01 Ban* SI Speller IDl

111

Music Shop ID)

125

P S Companion

114

PS Graphics Library Hl.f2.orM 116Ea. Call PS Paper Relill

CarConsI Kil{DI

Garry Kitchen's Gamemafcer ID) Great American

Crosscountry HoadRacelD) Hacker (D) Litllu Computer

SIS

Poople IDl

123

(iank St Filer (Dl

S3 3

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133 133 133

S19 129

Karaieka|D, Print Shup |D)

S26 Calt

SloalttMOi

S19

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114

FilnNowiDI Fieeze Frame (Rl

S14

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S19

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119

Mail NowrDl

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119

SmorelRI

147

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119 S18

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119

Law of the West ID) PSI-5 Trading Co (Dl 119 AMERICAN

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Science Grades VliiDl 116 Science Grades 'WlDl 116

133

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Big Bird S Fu n hou srflR) S9 19 Or SeusslD) Brnio s Big Splash <D)

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Mr Rogers ID)

AMIGA SOFTWARE Horinwd tirTih1

Dai If 03d Works lOl

SpanisnfDl

World History IDl

116

Halloy Proiocl

Keyboard Cartrrt

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Seven Cities ol Golc Sky Fur

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ARTWORX Undue a OlDi

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119

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116 lie

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BATTERIES INCLUOEO Ojniul1jnll64inl2BlS39 Home Pdk iDl Paperclip 64 or 12B

133

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S27 125

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19 S9

125 «s

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139

Fast LoadIR) Kororiis RilHD}

Programmer's Basic Tuul K.I 64 or 128

129

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Spyvs SpylOl Spyvs Spy2(Di

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119

Alpna Build (Rl Dancn Fantasy (R) Hop Along GountingtRI

BiillkSI SloryflooMD! S28 Uulor Mir Ttie Computer Coloring KM |D) 119 Culor Mr- Picture Disks

DoFDhms Rune(D) Halley Protect (Dl

119 126

Lords ol Midnight 10) 116

Prjrlecl Score SAT |O]144

Quafcf Minus OnolDl S16 StladowlirelO] 11A

MISC CSM 16JI Align Kit (D) 129

LinkingLogiciR). . Memory Manor (Ri Number Tumblt'r (Rl

19 IS 19

Cenlral Point

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Copy II (Dl 1541 User s Guide

123

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On-Court Tennis (Dl

S19 On Frelu Football iDl lit On. Track Racinn{DI S17 Star League Baseball (Di

116

Firebird EliteiDl Gato(D)

.119 119

Inside Commodorp DOS i Book)

116

119 Star RankBunncj(D) 119 HAVDEN

Karairt Champ ID) Kung Fu —

Sargon Ml 10) HES Hrs Mun

Kurirj Fu 1110) Kong Fu Masler ID)

133 121 S16

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126

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123

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134 139 .

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179

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Cbartie Brown s ABCsiDl Snuopv's Reading Machine (0) Typing Is A Ball Charlie Brown (D)

119 119 S19

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Dict(D)

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117

173

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121

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accis Receivable (D) 139 Oata Manager 210) 133 DataManageri2a...(43 Electronic C neck book (0). ...JIB Evnlyn Wood

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139 SIB

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Sideways(12S)

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Homework Helper-Math

Sylvia Porter's Personal Financial Planner 126 . -S43

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123

Word Wnler wl Speller |D)

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Kindercomp(Ri Monster Voyage (R)

19 19

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121

Easy as ABC (D)

123

Fraction Factory (Dl

113

Art Gallery 1 ID). . . S16 Print Masler (Dl 123 WEEKLY READER

125

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Graphics Eipander

133

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137

Battle ol Anlielam(0ll33 Battalion Comma nder(Dl

125

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137

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Treasure Island (D) Wi/ardofO*(Dl.

117 .117

ACCESSORIES Bonus SS DD . (6.99Bl Bonus DS. DD I7.»9B« CompuServe Starter Kit S19 Datashare Printer Inl

w^Graphics

S35

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!tolnovalKil(5hrs) 118.

Crush(D> 12S Gi'irislonrr Warrior (DI123 137 Guimany 1985 (D)

Sakatn 13' Color

Imperium GalactumiDi S2rj Harn[]1gruppe(D> 137 137 MechBngadelD)

Total Auto Answer* Aulo Dial Modem wrs oft ware S24.aB WicoBal Handle 117

rMMiDi

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125

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*34«

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All ilems subject to availability and price change. Returned shipments may be subject lo restocking fee.

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Reader Service Number/Advertiser

Page

102 Abacus Software

57,59

103 Access Software, Inc

104 Acorn of Indiana, Inc

124

105 Aprotek

106 107 108 109 110 111

Aprotek Artificial Intelligence Research Group Basic Computer Systems Berkeley Softworks Blackship Computer Supply Cardinal Software

122 125 125 41 126 52

112 Central Point Software 113 Cheatsheet Products Inc

40 70

114 Cheatsheet Products Inc

123

115 Clinical Interviews C.O.M.B. Direct Marketing Corp Commodore

124 89 BC

116 117 118 119

Compumed CompuServe ComputAbility Computer Magic, Ltd

120 30,31 116,117 122

120 Computer Mail Order Covox Inc 121 Crown Custom Covers

115 116 70

122 CSM Software 123 Digital Solutions Inc 124 Disktronics Diversions, Inc 125 DJ Software 126 Electronic Arts 127 Electronic One 128 EPYX 129 EPYX

61 23 122 123 45 IFC 120 11 43

130 Firebird Licensees, Inc 131 Jacobsen Software Designs 132 Jameco Electronics Jesse Jones Industries

124 Keele's Custom Cabinets 125 Kyan Software Lyco Computer

66 50

124 88 34,35

126 Melodian, Inc

127 128 129 130 131 132

9,15,39,50,1 BC 120

2,3

Michaelsoft Micro Computer Services Micro Computer Services Micro-W Distributing, Inc Micro World Computers, Inc Nibble Notch Computer Products

124 50 125 126 52 124

133 N.P.S. Inc

126

134 NRI Schools 135 Precision Data Products 136 Prentice Hail

87 126 65

137 Prism Software

138 Protecto 128

COMPUTE'S Gazette

46-49 May 19S6

Reader Service Number/Advertiser

Page

.120

139 R. J. Brachman Associates, Inc. . RJL Enterprises 140 RJ Sottshop

.124

. .66

Schnedler Systems 141 Scott, Foresman and Company Second Source Engineering

.118 .

.122 .125

142 Software Discounters of America 143 Star-Tech Software

.119 ..66 ..13

144 Strategic Simulation

145 subLOGIC Corporation 146 subLOGIC Corporation

..29 .123 ..45

147 T&D Electronics Tektronics Plus, Inc Tenex Computer Express 148 Timeworks, Inc

.121 ..

149 Triad Computers

..88

150 Tussey Computer Products Ufland Software Inc

.,55

151 Unitech

.126 .126 .125 .118 ..40 .126

.125

Victory Enterprise Walistreet Corp WhiteHouse Computer 152Xetec, Inc 153 York 10

COMPUTERS Gazette Classifieds COMPUTED Gazette Disk Subscription . .

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SOUND VALUE I THEiUUSiCSYSTEM nrnnm MUSlCSYSTEM

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SOUND SYNTHESIS HAS NEVER BEEN S (OR GOOD LOOKING). THE ADVANCED MUSIC SYSTEM The package for the professional musician. Includes Printer Options tor completed sheet-music, Linker for creating full-length compositions, and MIDI capability for controlling and playing back able aid lo live performance art serious composition.

THE MUSIC SYSTEM Use your Commodore keyboard to enter and correct music with the

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Professional Manual

THE STANDARD IS SET - NOTE FOR NOTE THE MUSIC SYSTEM* AND BIG BROTH ER THE ADVANCED MUSIC SYSTEM* GIVE YOU MORE TW ANY OTHER MUSIC PACKAGE AVAILABLE - AT ANY PRICE EASE OF USE FOR THE BEGINNER - REVOLUTIONARY SOPHISTICATION FOR THE MUSI 2 YEARS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PREPARATION HAVE PRODUCED THE MOST ADVANCED APPUCA SOFTWARE YOU CAN BUY FOR THE COMMODORE 64 and 128' CT ALL YOU NEED IS SOME IMAGI FACTSHEET/OHDERHOTI.INE:2D1.934.7J73 FIREBIRD LICENSEES INC PO BOX 49. RAMSEY, N.J. 07446 1 THE MUSIC SYSTEM-ADVANCED MU51C SYSTEM ARE TRADE UiRKSOF FIREBIRD LICENSEES COMMODORE 64.'1ia WE TRADE MARKSOT COMMODORE BUSINESS MACHINES

All you need to do this

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When il comes to personal computers, you want the smariesi, ai a price that makes sense.

The new Commodore 128'" system has a powerful 128K memory expandable by 512K. An 80-column display and 64,128 and CP/MÂŽ

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^^F^^F'^^T^^F^^F^^F^^^^^F^^F^^F^t

than

ÂŁ. I9S5, Commodore (laciromci Limbed ftCP/MHa r*fli$lcrcd rradofnork of Dlgilalflcwnrch. me, m Apple iia regi He red irodi'rnuikof Apple Compute', inc. * IBM ha rrfliirned untiwiarft or InHTMQliOfHQ! BtJllMcill MGChlHtft COffHllONOM

operates with little effort. Or if the Commodore 128 is more machine than you had in mind, you con pick up the Commodore 64? The Commodore 64 is our lower- priced model geared to more fundamental, basic needs. Discover personal computers that' do more for you. At pi ices you've i been wailing for. Fiom the company i that sells more personal computers iffl or Apple?

COMMODORE 128 AND 64 * PERSONAL COMPUTERS

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