A Global Health Perspective Population: 39.5 million.

Presentation on theme: "A Global Health Perspective Population: 39.5 million."— Presentation transcript:

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2 A Global Health Perspective

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4 Population: 39.5 million

5 Demographics 0-14 years of age : 44% 15-64 years of age : 54% >65 years of age : 2.8% Median age : 17 years

6 GDP per Capita $730 (Standard International Dollars per person per year)

7 Life expectancy at birth m/f (years): 48/504850

8 Number of children who die before they turn 5 years old = 122 per 1,000 live births

9 United States: Total population: 298,213,000298,213,000 Gross national income per capita (PPP international $): 41,95041,950 Life expectancy at birth m/f (years): 75/80 7580 Healthy life expectancy at birth m/f (years, 2002): 67/716771 Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 88 Probability of dying between 15 and 60 years m/f (per 1 000 population): 137/8113781 Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2004): 6,0966,096 Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (2004): 15.415.4 Figures are for 2005 unless indicated. Source: World Health Statistics 2007World Health Statistics 2007 Tanzania: Total population: 38,329,00038,329,000 Gross national income per capita (PPP international $): 730730 Life expectancy at birth m/f (years): 48/504850 Healthy life expectancy at birth m/f (years, 2002): 40/414041 Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 122122 Probability of dying between 15 and 60 years m/f (per 1 000 population): 541/505541505 Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2004): 2929 Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (2004): 4.04.0 Figures are for 2005

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11 Language Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages Religion mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim

12 Literacy 69% of those over 15 can read and write in either Swahili or English

13 Households below the poverty line : 36%

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15 Maternal mortality ratio (MMR): 578 per 100 000 live births Neonatal mortality ratio at 32 per 1 000 live births Infant mortality rate is estimated at 68 per 1 000 live births 19.3% of children are underweight and 31.1% are stunted in some districts

16 AIDS in Tanzania HIV Prevalence (15-49 years) : 7.7% Number of People living with HIV/AIDS: 1.2m – 2.3m Number of People receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART): 20,000 Number who need ART : 320,000

17 TB in Tanzania A national emergency 2006 TB/HIV collaborative care is under implementation

18 Malaria in Tanzania Plamodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax Chloroquine and SP resistance reported In 2004: 10.7 million reported cases 14,156 deaths from malaria

19 History of the United Republic of Tanzania

20 26 th April 1964 The United Republic of Tanzania was formed out of the union of two sovereign states namely Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Tanganyika became a sovereign state on 9th December, 1961 and became a Republic the following year. Zanzibar became independent on 10th December, 1963 and the People's Republic of Zanzibar was established after the revolution of 12th January, 1964. The two sovereign republics formed the United Republic of Tanzania on 26th April, 1964. However, the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania is a unitary republic consisting of the Union Government and the Zanzibar Revolutionary Government

21 See you in Tanzania!

22 Tanzania Global Impact/SCCD Service Learning Tour August 21 through September 6. 2008

23 Arusha Arusha is a city of northern Tanzania surrounded by some of Africa's most famous landscapes and national parks. Beautifully situated below Mount Meru on the eastern edge of the eastern branch of the Great Rift Valley, it has a pleasant climate and is close to Serengeti, Ngorongoro Crater, Lake Manyara, Olduvai Gorge, Tarangire National Park, and Mount Kilimanjaro, as well as having its own Arusha National Park on Mount Meru.Mount MeruGreat Rift ValleySerengetiNgorongoro CraterLake ManyaraOlduvai GorgeTarangire National ParkMount KilimanjaroArusha National Park Arusha is the capital of the Arusha Region and has a population of 270,485 (2002 census).Arusha Region

24 Climate of Arusha Despite its closeness to the equator, Arusha's elevation of 1400 m on the southern slopes of Mount Meru keeps temperatures down and alleviates humidity. Cool dry air is prevalent for much of the year. The temperature ranges between 13 and 30 degrees Celsius with an average around 25 degrees. It has distinct wet and dry seasons, and experiences an eastern prevailing wind from the Indian Ocean, a couple of hundred miles east. Arusha is considered to be one of the best African cities when it comes to great weather and tourism combined. Almost within the entire city; if you go north you will be going up hill, and going south is always down hill.

25 Industry & Economy The primary industry of the region is agricultural, with large vegetable and flower producers sending high-quality produce to Europe. Small-scale agriculture was badly hit by the coffee crisis of recent years and is now largely subsistence farming. Arusha has several factories including a brewery, tire and fiberboard plant, and a large pharmaceutical maker. Arusha is the only home for expensive jewelry called Tanzanite which currently has been produced in high capacity by big companies. It seems as though many locals do not profit from these mines even though they create some employment; many South African companies have taken advantage of Tanzanian tax systems to avoid taxes. Now the government has started to look at these issues in detail.Tanzanite One of the principal industries is tourism, with the city playing host to numerous safari companies, hotels and lodges.

26 Districts Among Arusha's notable districts are the Central Business Area, located by the Clocktower, Sekei in the North-West which is largely residential with a vibrant nightlife, Njiro, a rapidly-growing suburb in the South, and Tengeru, a lively market-town in the East. North of Arusha is a small village called Longido. It is about 90 minutes north of Arusha by daladalaLongidodaladala

27 Culture of Arusha Arusha is reputed as being one of the most pleasant cities in the world, due its exquisite, weather, location, beautiful countryside and lively music scene, notably Tanzanian hip-hop. Mostly performed in Swahili, with various genres influenced by African American music, locally known as Bongo Flava. A good example of this genre is the band, X Plastaz, singers like Bushoke, Mr.Blue, TID etc..SwahiliAfrican American music Bongo FlavaX Plastaz TID Arusha is home to many of Tanzania's vivid festivals, the yearly fiesta is hosted by a few Tanzanian corporate sponsors that attract various artists from around the world. Artists like Shaggy and Ja rule are just a few of one of the world's most popular artists to perform in the wondrous city of Arusha. ShaggyJa rule Arusha also hosts the annual Arusha nane nane Agricultural show. Nane Nane is one of the many vibrant public holidays in Tanzania, held on August 8th (the 8th of the 8th month, nane nane means "eight eight" in Swahili). Nane Nane is marked on August 8th every year where farmers and other stakeholders exchange knowledge and business. It attracts up to a half million people every year. Arusha is also known for its vibrant night life, with outstanding local night clubs like, Colobus Club and the Blue Tripple 'A'.

28 Arusha Trivia Arusha is also the Hindi name for the rising sun. Arusha's clock tower is supposedly situated at the midpoint between Cairo and Cape Town, therefore representing the halfway point between the two termini of the old British Empire in Africa. The clock tower is currently adorned by the logo of the Coca-Cola Company. Arusha was the setting for the 1962 film Hatari! directed by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne. A slang name for the city among locals is "A-Town". Princess Margaret visited Arusha in 1956 In the video game Halo 3, a highway sign is seen that says "Arusha", though it is crossed out. It was most likely destroyed by large dinosaurs from the gamma sector planet of Niptuvia.

29 ARUSHA population: 270,000

30 Tengeru Village, Tanzania: Projects 1.Medical/Dental Project: public hospital, local dental clinic outreach 2.Education: local schools and organizations: teaching aide in special needs elementary school; HIV awareness 3.Community Infrastructure: Sustainable agriculture @ Tengeru Agriculture College; maintenance and construction at local school Projects are all located in Tengeru, 20 minutes from Arusha.

31 Tengeru area (10 miles from Arusha)

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35 Sustainable Agriculture Project-- Tengeru Agriculture College

36 Immunizations/Health Visitors from countries infected with cholera and yellow fever must produce international certificates of vaccination. This is particularly relevant for those traveling from other African countries. The Department of Health recommends vaccinations against hepatitis A, polio and typhoid. It is essential for visitors to take a course of malaria prophylaxis. Modern medical services are available in Dar es Salaam and other major centers. There are only a limited number of chemists in the country, so visitors are advised to bring their own medicines with them.

37 Climate Coastal areas are hot and humid with an average daytime temperature of 30ºC. Sea breezes make the climate very pleasant from June to September. The central plateau experiences hot days and cool nights. The hilly country between the coast and the northern highlands has a pleasant climate from January to September, with temperatures averaging around 20ºC. Temperatures vary around Kilimanjaro according to the season, registering a low 15ºC during May - August rising to 22ºC during December - March. For the whole country, the hottest months are from October to February. The main, long rainy season is from mid-March to May.

38 What to Take Don't forget the camera, camcorder and binoculars, and take a torch for finding your way around the camp at night. Stock up with replacement batteries for all these goods. The main electricity supply is 220V, 50Hz. Plugs are usually the 13-amp 3-pin square (British) type. Take sun-glasses, hat, sun lotion, lip balm and some insect repellent. It is better not to get stung, even if you are taking anti-malaria tablets. A spare pair of glasses or contact lenses is also a good idea. Take plenty of film, it can be difficult to obtain outside the main centers. While traveler's checks can be exchanged in cities and towns, banking facilities in remote areas are restricted, so cash is useful too.

39 Travel Light/What to Wear Some safaris / air charters limit baggage to a 10 - 15 kg maximum. It never gets really cold in Tanzania, so lightweight clothing is the norm. On safari, avoid brightly colored clothes, they may alarm the animals. Browns, beiges and khaki are preferred. Short-sleeve shirts / blouses and shorts are ideal, but pack a sweater as it can be a bit chilly in the early morning and in the evening. Wear a hat to avoid sun-stroke and don't forget a swimsuit. Shoes should be sensible, and for climbing Kilimanjaro or Mount Meru, take thermal underwear, a rain jacket, good socks and sturdy boots. Shorts for women are acceptable - but not too short. Women should carry a wrap to cover their legs in towns or villages as revealing clothes can cause offence, especially in Zanzibar and other Muslim areas. On the beach, and within the confines of beach hotels, normal swimwear is acceptable, but nudity certainly is not.

40 Tipping/Airport Tax Not normally obligatory, but a tip for exceptional service - a maximum of 10% - will be appreciated. Tip US$15 per day for drivers or tour guides but remember that an excessive tip can make it difficult for the next customer. An international airport tax of US$100 is levied, which may be included in the price of an air ticket. Airport tax for domestic flights is 5,000 TShs (approximately US$5).

41 Basic Swahili Jambo = Hello Habari yako = how are you (singular) Habari yenu = how are you (plural) Mambo = Things (slang how’s things) Vipi = how is it (slang) Fiti = fit (fine) or Freshi = fresh (slang fine) Salaam Aleukum = peace be with you Aleukum Salaam = and also with you Shikamo = respectful greeting to elder (put your hand on your heart), response they will give is Marahaba Jina langu ni…. = my name is…. Saidia mimi = help me Ni nataka = I want Tuende = we go (let’s go) Haraka = fast Pole pole = slow

42 More Swahili Terms… Wapi = where (where is it) Hapa = here Huko = there Shika = take Mpe = give Sema = say Choka = tired Chakula = food Dawa = medicine Chooni = toilet Duka or Dukani = shop or store Tafadhali = please Asante = thank you Mingi = many Sana = much as in asante sana = thank you very much Lala = sleep Kuoga = to bathe or to wash or to swim Magi = water Nyumbani = home Mwanafunzi = student Mwalimu = teacher

43 Swahili Language Internet Resources http://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi2/2_cult1a.htm Learn and hear Swahili languagehttp://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi2/2_cult1a.htm http://www.ipl.org/div/hello/swahili.html Swahili for kidshttp://www.ipl.org/div/hello/swahili.html http://www.kenya-travels.com/guide/swahili.htm Swahili for Travelershttp://www.kenya-travels.com/guide/swahili.htm http://mwanasimba.online.fr/E_index.html Learn Swahilihttp://mwanasimba.online.fr/E_index.html http://www.transparent.com/languagepages/swahili/swah ili.htm More Swahilihttp://www.transparent.com/languagepages/swahili/swah ili.htm http://www.geocities.com/bujjadu/ Casual sitehttp://www.geocities.com/bujjadu/

44 Tanzania Travel Internet Resources http://www.tanzania.go.tz/ National Republic of Tanzania Websitehttp://www.tanzania.go.tz/ http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/tanzania/ Lonely Planet Travel Sithttp://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/tanzania/ http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108028.html Tanzania Info Sitehttp://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108028.html http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2843.htm US Dept. of State Sitehttp://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2843.htm