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Focussing on the future: Survey results on the image capture of patterned cutaneous injuries

Focussing on the future: Survey results on the image capture of patterned cutaneous injuries

Profile image of Alison KempAlison Kemp

2014

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IAFS 2014 AFSN 2014 APMLA 2014 WPMO 2014 Abstract Book CONTENTS I. PROGRAM AT A GLANCE II. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM OVERVIEW 007 012 III. ABSTRACT 1. AFSN Keynote Lecture • SYSTEMATIZED TORTURE AND DEATHS IN CUSTODY Sherein S. Ghaleb 117 • FORENSIC SCIENCE IN CHINA - AN INTRODUCTION Lin Chang 118 • TECHNOLOGY VERSUS FUNDAMENTALS: A PATHWAY TO PROFICIENCY IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION Ross Gardner 119 • FORENSIC SCIENCE IN A VUCA (VOLATILITY, UNCERTAINTY, COMPLEXITY AND AMBIGUITY) WORLD Alain Verstraete 120 • TO NEW HORIZONS WITH EVIDENCE AND INTELLIGENCE MORE IMPROVED TECHNOLOGIES - ANYTHING ELSE? Kornelia Nehse 121 • MOLECULAR INTELLIGENCE: NEW USES OF MOLECULAR BIO-MARKERS FOR INVESTIGATIVE PURPOSES Manfred Kayser 122 2. AFSN Workgroup (1) October 12 (Sunday) Crime Scene Investigation 125 DNA 127 Illicit Drugs 132 Toxicology 134 Trace Evidence 141 Quality Assurance & Standards Committee 144 001 (2) October 13 (Monday) Crime Scene Investigation 145 DNA 147 Illicit Drugs 151 Toxicology 155 Trace Evidence 156 Quality Assurance & Standards Committee 157 (3) October 14 (Tuesday) Crime Scene Investigation 158 DNA 159 Illicit Drugs 163 Toxicology 164 Trace Evidence 165 Quality Assurance & Standards Committee 166 3. IAFS Keynote Lecture • NEW HORIZON IN FORENSIC SCIENCES WITH KOREA Shinmong Kang 201 • CHALLENGES AND TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCES Alastair Ross 202 • THE BRIDGE TO THE PATH FORWARD Peter Neufeld 203 • THE PROSPECTIVE FUTURE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE Pierre Margot 204 • DOUGLAS M. LUCAS MEDAL AWARD LECTUR-FORENSIC SCIENCES AND HUMAN RIGHTS Duarte Nuno Vieira 205 • IAFS ADELAIDE MEDAL AWARD- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MOBILITY SOLUTIONS – HOW DO WE MANAGE EFFECTIVELY IN THE INFORMATION AGE? Michael Raymond 206 • IAFS 2005 HONG KONG FORENSIC FOUNDATION LECTURE - THE GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE Douglas H. Ubelaker • IAFS 2011 MADEIRA AWARD LECTURE-THE APPLICATION OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY TO HUMAN RIGHT INVESTIGATIONS, NEW DIRECTIONS Luis Fondebrider 002 207 208 4. IAFS Special Session (1) October 15 (Wednesday) SPECIAL SESSION 01 Forensic Pathology 211 SPECIAL SESSION 02 Forensic Genetics & Biology 214 SPECIAL SESSION 03 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry 217 SPECIAL SESSION 04 Forensic Pathology 221 SPECIAL SESSION 05 Forensic Genetics & Biology 223 SPECIAL SESSION 06 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry 226 (2) October 16 (Thursday) SPECIAL SESSION 07 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation 230 SPECIAL SESSION 08 Forensic Anthropology 234 SPECIAL SESSION 09 IOFOS Session - Forensic Odontology 236 SPECIAL SESSION 10 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation 239 SPECIAL SESSION 11 Forensic Anthropology 243 SPECIAL SESSION 12 IOFOS Session - Forensic Odontology 245 SPECIAL SESSION 13 Ethics / Law / Education / QAQC 247 SPECIAL SESSION 14 Mass Disaster 249 SPECIAL SESSION 15 Mass Disaster 252 3rd World Forensic Sciences 257 (3) October 17 (Friday) SPECIAL SESSION 16 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs 261 SPECIAL SESSION 17 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs 265 SPECIAL SESSION 18 Digital and Multimedia Science / Cyber Forensic / Questioned Document 268 Forensic Sciences in Korea 271 5. IAFS Oral Presentation (1) October 15 (Wednesday) ORAL PRESENTATION 01 Ethics / Law / Education / QAQC (ELQ): Ethics Law Education 279 ORAL PRESENTATION 02 Forensic Anthropology (AP) 281 ORAL PRESENTATION 03 Questioned Document (QD): Handwriting 285 ORAL PRESENTATION 04 Mass Disaster (MD): Generals of DVI, New Methodology of DVI 287 003 ORAL PRESENTATION 05 Forensic Engineering Science / Gun / Firearm (ES / GF): Traffic Accident Ethics / Law / Education / QAQC (ELQ): QCQA 289 292 ORAL PRESENTATION 07 Forensic Anthropology (AP) 294 ORAL PRESENTATION 08 Questioned Document (QD): Paper / Ink / Forgery 297 ORAL PRESENTATION 09 Mass Disaster (MD): Role of Forensic Pathology in DVI, Cases of Mass Disaster 209 Forensic Engineering Science / Gun / Firearms (ES / GF): Forensic Science / Firearms and explosive 303 ORAL PRESENTATION 06 ORAL PRESENTATION 10 (2) October 16 (Thursday) ORAL PRESENTATION 11 Forensic Pathology (PT): Forensic Pathology 305 ORAL PRESENTATION 12 Clinical Forensic Medicine (CFM): TBC 1 307 ORAL PRESENTATION 13 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): Case study 310 ORAL PRESENTATION 14 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI): Toxicology 312 ORAL PRESENTATION 15 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry (TEC): Isotope & Trace Metal Analysis 315 Cyber Forensic / Digital and Multimedia Science (CF / DMS): Image, Video and Audio Science 317 ORAL PRESENTATION 17 Forensic Pathology (PT): Laboratory I 320 ORAL PRESENTATION 18 Clinical Forensic Medicine (CFM): TBC 2 323 ORAL PRESENTATION 19 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): New technology 326 ORAL PRESENTATION 20 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI): Toxicology 329 ORAL PRESENTATION 21 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry: Forensic Polymer Analysis 333 Cyber Forensic / Digital and Multimedia Science (CF / DMS): Biometry and Human Identification 335 ORAL PRESENTATION 23 Clinical Forensic Medicine (CFM): TBC 3 338 ORAL PRESENTATION 24 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): New DNA kit / mRNA 341 ORAL PRESENTATION 25 Forensic Pathology (PT): Laboratory II 344 ORAL PRESENTATION 26 Forensic Anthropology (AP) 347 ORAL PRESENTATION 27 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry (TEC): Forensic Chemical Analysis 351 ORAL PRESENTATION 16 ORAL PRESENTATION 22 004 ORAL PRESENTATION 28 Cyber Forensic / Digital and Multimedia Science (CF / DMS): Digital Forensics and Image Engineering ORAL PRESENTATION 29 Clinical Forensic Medicine (CFM): TBC 4 355 ORAL PRESENTATION 30 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): DB 358 ORAL PRESENTATION 31 Forensic Pathology (PT): Engineering in FP, Policy 361 ORAL PRESENTATION 32 Forensic Anthropology (AP) 364 ORAL PRESENTATION 33 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry (TEC): Others 369 ORAL PRESENTATION 34 Cyber Forensic / Digital and Multimedia Science (CF / DMS): Cyber Forensics 372 AAFS Scientific Session 376 (3) October 17 (Friday) ORAL PRESENTATION 35 Forensic Pathology (PT): Regional Issue I 396 ORAL PRESENTATION 36 Others 399 ORAL PRESENTATION 37 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): NGS / Kinship 400 ORAL PRESENTATION 38 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation (FPR / SI): Fingerprint 403 ORAL PRESENTATION 39 Forensic Odontology (OD): Forensic odontology and Judicial needs 406 ORAL PRESENTATION 40 Forensic Psychiatry / Behavioral Science (PBS): PBS I 409 ORAL PRESENTATION 41 Forensic Pathology (PT): Regional Issue II 412 ORAL PRESENTATION 42 Others 414 ORAL PRESENTATION 43 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): SW & New System 417 ORAL PRESENTATION 44 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation (FPR / SI): Fingerprint, Accreditation / Training / Education 419 ORAL PRESENTATION 45 Forensic Odontology (OD): Bite mark and Body identification 421 ORAL PRESENTATION 46 Forensic Psychiatry / Behavioral Science (PBS): PBS II 423 ORAL PRESENTATION 47 Forensic Pathology (PT): Forensic Imaging I 425 ORAL PRESENTATION 48 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI): Illicit Drugs 429 ORAL PRESENTATION 49 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): Microbiology & Plant and Other Animal 431 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation (FPR / SI): Accreditation / Training / Education, Scene Investigation 434 ORAL PRESENTATION 51 Forensic Odontology (OD): Dental Identification 437 ORAL PRESENTATION 52 Forensic Pathology (PT): Forensic Imaging II 438 ORAL PRESENTATION 53 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI): Illicit Drugs 442 ORAL PRESENTATION 54 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB): Population Genetics 445 ORAL PRESENTATION 55 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation (FPR / SI): Scene Investigation, Traffic Accident / Gait Analysis / Explosion 448 ORAL PRESENTATION 50 005 6. IAFS Poster Presentation (1) October 15 (Wednesday) POSTER PRESENTATION 01 Ethics / Law / Education / QAQC (ELQ) 453 POSTER PRESENTATION 02 Forensic Engineering Science / Gun / Firearms (ES/GF) 461 POSTER PRESENTATION 03 Questioned Document (QD) 468 POSTER PRESENTATION 04 Others 480 POSTER PRESENTATION 05 Forensic Anthropology (AP) 482 (2) October 16 (Thursday) Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB) 490 POSTER PRESENTATION 07 Clinical Forensic Medicine (CFM) 511 POSTER PRESENTATION 08 Fingerprint / Scene Investigation (FPR / SI) 519 POSTER PRESENTATION 09 Forensic Odontology (OD) 532 POSTER PRESENTATION 10 Forensic Genetics & Biology (GB) 533 POSTER PRESENTATION 11 Mass Disaster (MD) 544 POSTER PRESENTATION 12 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI): Toxicology 546 POSTER PRESENTATION 13 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry (TEC) 568 POSTER PRESENTATION 06 (3) October 17 (Friday) POSTER PRESENTATION 14 Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry (TEC) 575 POSTER PRESENTATION 15 Forensic Pathology (PT) 582 POSTER PRESENTATION 16 Cyber Forensic / Digital and Multimedia Science (CF / DMS) 598 POSTER PRESENTATION 17 Forensic Pathology (PT) 608 POSTER PRESENTATION 18 Forensic Pathology (PT) 614 POSTER PRESENTATION 19 Forensic Psychiatry / Behavioral Science (PBS) 623 POSTER PRESENTATION 20 Toxicology / Illicit Drugs (TI) : Illicit Drugs 636 7. APMLA 006 655 IV. LIST OF SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE 662 V. AUTHOR INDEX 663 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Oct 12 (Sun) 1F TIME 104 2F 105 203A 203B 208A 3F 208B 201 E7,8 Registration (08:00-18:00) 08:00 08:30 09:00 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 09:30 10:00 DNA CSI TE QASC ID JRR Training Course TX 10:30 Break 11:00 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 11:30 12:00 DNA CSI TE QASC ID JRR Training Course TX 12:30 13:00 Lunch Break 13:30 14:00 AFSN Workgroup Business Meeting 14:30 15:00 DNA CSI TE QASC ID TX ID TX JRR Training Course 15:30 Break 16:00 AFSN Workgroup Business Meeting 16:30 17:00 DNA CSI TE QASC JRR Training Course 17:30 18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 AFSN Retreat Meeting (Board with Chairs & Vice Chairs) 20:00 20:30 [AFSN 2014 ABBREVIATION] CSI Crime Scene Investigation DNA DNA ID Illicit Drugs TX Toxicology TE Trace Evidence QASC Quality Assurances & Standards Committee 007 WFF2014 PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Oct 13 (Mon) 1F TIME 101 + 102 104 2F 105 203A 203B 3F 208A 208B 201 E4 E5 E6 E7,8 5 JRR Training Course 5 JRR Training Course Registration (08:00-18:00) 08:00 08:30 09:00 IAFS Workshop AFSN Opening Ceremony & Keynote Lecture 09:30 10:00 2 3 10:30 Break 11:00 IAFS Workshop 11:30 Keynote Lecture 12:00 2 3 12:30 13:00 13:30 Technical Exhibition AFSN Luncheon Symposium (Illumina) 14:00 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 14:30 15:00 DNA CSI TE QASC IAFS Workshop ID 15:30 4 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 16:30 DNA CSI TE QASC IAFS Workshop ID TX IFSA Meeting 4 17:30 18:00 18:30 AFSN Retreat Meeting (Board Members) 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 [AFSN 2014 ABBREVIATION] CSI Crime Scene Investigation DNA DNA ID Illicit Drugs 008 6 JRR Training Course Break 16:00 17:00 TX IFSA Meeting TX Toxicology TE Trace Evidence QASC Quality Assurances & Standards Committee 6 JRR Training Course WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Oct 14 (Tue) 1F TIME 101 + 102 104 2F 105 203A 203B 208A 3F 208B 201 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7,8 Auditorium Registration (08:00-18:00) 08:00 08:30 09:00 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 09:30 10:00 DNA CSI TE QASC ID IAFS Workshop TX IFSA Meeting 18 19 11 12 JRR Training Course 14 10:30 Break 11:00 AFSN Workgroup Workshop 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 DNA CSI TE QASC ID IAFS Workshop TX IFSA Meeting 18 19 11 16:30 17:00 17:30 14 IAFS Workshop AFSN Keynote Lecture 18 19 11 15:30 16:00 12 AFSN Luncheon Symposium Technical (Thermofisher Exhibition Scientific) 14:30 15:00 * IAFS Workshop 22 JRR Place: Training Course NFS Seoul Time: 08:3017:30 (Meeting Time 07:30 / 1Fl Grand Ballroom JRR Lobby) 13 15 17 Training Course 17 JRR Training Course Break AFSN Closing Ceremony & AGM (AGM is strictly for AFSN member institution only) IAFS Workshop Elsevier Workshop 18 19 11 13 15 18:00 Opening Ceremony 18:30 19:00 19:30 Welcome Reception 20:00 20:30 [AFSN 2014 ABBREVIATION] CSI Crime Scene Investigation DNA DNA ID Illicit Drugs TX Toxicology TE Trace Evidence QASC Quality Assurances & Standards Committee 009 WFF2014 PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Oct 15 (Wed) 1F TIME 101 + 102 103 2F 104 105 208A 208B 3F 204 209 210 Auditorium Lobby Registration (07:00 - 18:30) 08:00 08:30 IAFS Opening & Keynote Lecture 09:00 09:30 10:00 Coffee & Tea 10:30 11:00 IAFS Opening & Keynote Lecture 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 Lunch Break Technical Exhibition 14:00 IAFS Special Session 14:30 15:00 SS01 (PT) SS02 (GB) Oral Presentation SS03 (TEC) OP01 (ELQ) OP02 (AP) OP03 (QD) OP04 (MD) OP05 (ES/GF) IAFS Opening & Keynote Poster Lecture Presentation 15:30 Break 16:00 IAFS Special Session 16:30 17:00 SS04 (PT) 17:30 SS05 (GB) Oral Presentation OP06 (ELQ) SS06 (TEC) OP07 (AP) OP08 (QD) OP10 (ES/GF) OP09 (MD) Poster Presentation 18:00 18:30 19:00 19:30 20:00 20:30 [IAFS 2014 ABBREVIATION] CFM Clinical Forensic Medicine CF Cyber Forensic DMS Digital and Multimedia Science MD Mass Disaster ELQ Ethics / Law / Education / QAQC 010 FPR AP GF ES PT GB Fingerprint Forensic Anthropology Gun / Firearms Forensic Engineering Science Forensic Pathology Forensic Genetics & Biology SI QD OD TEC TI PBS Scene Investigation Questioned Document Forensic Odontology Trace Evidence / Forensic Chemistry Toxicology / Illicit Drugs Forensic Psychiatry / Behavioral Science WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Oct 16 (Thu) 1F TIME 101 + 102 103 2F 104 105 203A 203B 208A 3rd World Forensic Sciences (*Breads and coffee will be provided.) 08:00 08:30 09:00 IAFS Special Session SS07 (FPR/SI) 208B 204 209 210 201 Auditorium R1 Lobby Registration (07:00 - 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Posey USA Marcel van der Steen Netherlands Aimee Qulia USA Alain Verstraete Belgium Michael Raymond Australia Duarte Nuno Vieira Portugal Jongsook Rhee Korea Worawee Waiyawuth Thailand Alastair Ross Australia Victor Weedn USA Claude Roux Australia Brian Yamashita Canada Nor Aidora Saedon Malaysia Kyungmoo Yang Korea Ananda Samarasekera Sri Lanka Angeline Yap Singapore Pekka Saukko Finland Ho Bin Yim Korea Carl J. Schmidt USA Seongho Yoo Korea Hanseo Seo Korea Chang-Lyuk Yoon Korea Young-Il Seo Korea Hyesun Yum Korea Kyoung-Jin Shin Korea Renata Zbiec Poland Ronald L. Singer USA Timothy Zolandz USA Candice Small South Africa Peter D. Zoon Netherlands Tore Solheim Norway Dawnie Steadman USA Maimonah Sulaiman Malaysia Osamu Suzuki Japan Christopher SYN (Kiu Choong) Singapore Yoshihiro Takaesu Japan Takehiko Takatory Japan Justice Tettey Austria Michael Thali Switzerland Patrick Thevissen Belgium Keller Thomas Austria Morris Tidball-Binz Switzerland W. J. Tilstone UK 016 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) BUSINESS MEETING (CSIWG) October 12 (Sunday) Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 1 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (CSIWG) CHAIRPERSON Shuo Liu (China) 09:00-09:10 WELCOME SPEECH & GREETING Shuo Liu DNA 1-1 09:00-09:40 PROFILING OF EAST ASIAN-SPECIFIC SNP MARKERS FROM NGS (WHOLE EXOME SEQUENCING) DATA Ki Wha Chung1, Seong Yeon Yoo2, Sung Min Kim1, Nam Soo Cho2 09:10-10:30 Alastair Ross National Institute of Forensic Science, Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA), Australia 11:00-11:30 WORKSHOP I : CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION – PRINCIPLES AND CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE - PART II Alastair Ross National Institute of Forensic Science, Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA), Australia CSI 1-3 Nor Aidora Saedon (Malaysia) Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) WORKSHOP I : CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION – PRINCIPLES AND CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE - PART I CSI 1-2 CHAIRPERSON 1 Institute of Forensic Science, China CSI 1-1 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 1 - DNA (DNAWG) AFSN Workgroup Workshop Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 14:00-17:30 11:30-12:00 DNA 1-2 09:40-10:00 DNASCAN™ RAPID DNA ANALYSIS™ GENERATION OF STR PROFILES FROM BUCCAL SWABS AND BLOOD SAMPLES: PRESENTATION OF DUBAI POLICE CRIME LABORATORY DATA Farida Al Shamali1, Eugene Tan2 General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, Dubai Police Crime Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 2Product Development, Netbio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States 1 DNA 1-3 10:00-10:20 A MULTIPLEX SYSTEM OF AUTOSOMAL AND Y CHROMOSOME STRS INTEGRATED WITH ABO TYPING FOR FORENSIC DNA ANALYSIS THE INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE BALLISTIC IMPACET TRACES ON THE FELTED CLOTH Le Wang, Feng Wang, Man Chen, Xue Bai, Yi-Ren Yao, XingChun Zhao, Jian Ye Aoyang Yu Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Race Examination Technology Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China CSI 1-4 12:00-12:30 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION, TRAINING AND COLLABORATION Wee Chuan Yeo1, Peter Wilson1, Jason Loke Choy Seng2 Forensic Chemistry & Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2Singapore Police Force, Criminal Investigation Department, Forensics Division, Singapore 1 DNA 1-4 10:20-10:40 SUCCESSFUL PCR BASED DNA ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY DEGRADED HUMAN REMAINS - AN ANCIENT DNA APPROACH Ruwan Illeperuma Molecular Forensics, Genetech, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka DNA 1-5 11:10-11:30 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION THROUGH DNA ANALYSIS USING BONE SAMPLES Lorna Santos, Franklin Dela Cruz, Marie Cerise Elyn Aguilar Crime Laboratory, Philippine National Police, Quezon City, 017 WFF2014 Philippines DNA 1-6 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Austria 11:30-11:50 ID 1-2 09:45-10:45 DEVELOPMENT OF LOCALIZED AUTOSOMAL AND Y CHROMOSOMAL STR PCR KIT Jeong Eun Sim1, Hye Yeon Kim1, Sera Kim2, Young Se Hyun3, Kyoung-Jin Shin4, Young Geun Yang2, Soong Deok Lee5, Su Jeong Park1 CHALLENGES OF NPS LEGISLATION IN USA AND CURRENT TRENDS Scott Oulton DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2BioQuest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) ID 1-3 1 DNA 1-7 11:50-12:10 Drug Enforcement Administration, USA 11:15-11:30 TRADITIONAL DRUG AND NPS ABUSE IN ASIA Angeline Yap Health Sciences Authority, Singapore ID 1-4 11:30-11:50 CHALLENGES OF ANALOGUE LEGISLATION IN KOREA Jaesin Lee REPORTABILITY OF CONTACT DNA MIXED PROFILES: AN ASSESSMENT FROM CASEWORK CONTACT STAINS Lay Hong Seah Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Head of DNA Serious Crime Unit, Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia CHALLENGES OF GENERIC LEGISLATION IN SINGAPORE Wendy Lim, Angeline Yap DNA 1-8 12:10-12:30 EXPLORATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN RYR2 GENE AND SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED CARDIAC DEATH AMONG YOUNG CHINESE PEOPLE Yunyun Wang1, Qian Liu1, Liang Liu1, 2, Yan Liu1, Liang Ren1, Shaohua Zhu1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China 1 ID 1-5 11:50-12:10 Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore ID 1-6 12:10-12:30 UNODC ICE PROGRAMME Justice Tettey United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Austria 208A (2F) 14:00-17:30 BUSINESS MEETING (IDWG) Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 14:00-17:30 BUSINESS MEETING (DNAWG) 208A (2F) 09:00-12:30 CHAIRPERSON Angelina Yap (Singapore) 09:00-09:05 WELCOME BY CHAIR, IDWG Angeline Yap 018 TX 1-1 09:05-09:45 09:00-09:15 PREVALENCE OF BENZODIAZEPINES DETECTED IN CASES OF DRUG FACILITATED CRIME Patramon Yongpanich Toxicology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand TX 1-2 Health Sciences Authority, Singapore UNODC EARLY WARNING ADVISORY ON NPS Justice Tettey 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 1 - TOXICOLOGY (TXWG) WORKSHOP DAY 1 - ILLICIT DRUGS (IDWG) ID 1-1 208B (2F) 09:15-09:35 CASE STUDIES: MULTI-DRUG INTOXICATION INVOLVING METHYLONE, METHYLETHCATHINONE AND METHOXETAMINE Yu Ting Liow, Yi Ju Yao Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TX 1-3 09:35-09:55 SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD OF NEREISTOXIN USING MIXED-MODE CATIONIC EXCHANGE SOLIDPHASE EXTRACTION AND GC-MS Yujin Park, Heesang Lee, Jiyeong Jo, Sang-Whan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Forensic Chemistry Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan 626-815, Korea (South) TX 1-4 09:55-10:15 ANALYSIS OF SYNTHETIC CANNABINOID METABOLITES IN HUMAN URINE BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY TX 1-9 11:55-12:15 DISTRIBUTION OF CYANIDE AND CO-HB IN THE MASS FIRE VICTIMS AT THE BUS TERMINAL Juseon Lee, Sehyoun Park, Sujin Jeong, Hyesun Yeom, Sungmin Moon, Minji Kang, Jungjun Kim, Seungkyung Baeck Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, seoul, Korea (South) TX 1-10 12:15-12:30 AUTOMATED SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF AMPHETAMINES AND KETAMINE AND ITS METABOLITE IN URINE VIA ON-LINE DPX-UPLC-MS/MS Evelyn Goh, Jye Ing Soah, Hooi Yan Moy, Chi Pang Lui Chock Ying Soo, Hian Twan Chang, Hooi Yan Moy, Jordan Ong, Faridah Salleh, Yi Ju Yao, Chi Pang Lui Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical Toxicology Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical Toxicology Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore TX 1-5 10:15-10:30 THE DETERMINATION OF GRAYANOTOXINS IN THE SEIZED MAD HONEY BY LC-MS/MS Su Youn Ahn1, Haeyoung Choi1, Hyejin Chang1, Dongwoo Kim2, Sanghee Woo3, Suncheun Kim1 Drug and Forensic Toxicology, Daejeon institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2Drug and Forensic Toxicology, Gwangju institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3Drug and Forensic Toxicology, National Forensic Service headquarters, Wonju, Korea (South) 208A (2F) BUSINESS MEETING (TXWG) 203A (2F) 1 TX 1-6 11:00-11:15 DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE AND ITS METABOLITES IN FORENSIC SPECIMENS : A NICOTINE POISONING BY INGESTION OF E-CIGARETTES LIQUID Gundong You, Jongsook Rhee, Yuran Park, Sunhye Park, Sangheui Woo, Yonghoon Park Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju-Si, Korea (South) TX 1-7 11:15-11:35 SURVEILLANCE OF STREET ANTI-OBESITY DRUG IN THAILAND Rujira Boonsong, Dhokrak Khontong, Songpol Srinual, Verachai Kaewpaluek, Udomsak Hoonwijit Forensic Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand TX 1-8 11:35-11:55 HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF DIAZEPAM AND ESTAZOLAM DETECTED IN A DISGUISED SUICIDE CASE AS PARAQUAT POISONING 14:00~15:30 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 1 - TRACE EVIDENCE (TEWG) CHAIRPERSON Jisook Min (Korea) 09:00-09:10 OPENING SPEECH/WELCOME SPEECH TE 1-1 09:10-09:30 DISCRIMINATING AND CLASSIFYING OF BOROSILICATE GLASS USING LA-ICPMS Shun Kang, Huifang Xie, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore TE 1-2 09:30-09:50 APPLICATION OF 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETIRICS FOR CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICANTS, SURFACTANTS AND IMITATION-VIAGRA Siwon Kim3, Dahye Yoon3, Heonho Lee3, Dong-Kye Lee1, Yuna Kim2, Nam Yee Kim2, Suhkmann Kim3 Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) 1 Hongyan Du, Yunfeng Zhang, Ying Dong, Zhongshan Yu TE 1-3 Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China EVIDENTIAL VALUE OF DUST IN FALL FROM HEIGHT CASES 09:50-10:10 019 WFF2014 Rui Lin Lee, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore TE 1-4 10:10-10:30 A PROPOSED PROCEDURE TO VERIFY A SUICIDE CASE OF CARBON MONOXIDE INTOXICATION BY ANALYZING THE TRACE OF IGNITION CHARCOAL BRIQUETTE Tae-Myung Sung Forensic 1st section, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Seoul, Korea (South) TE 1-5 11:00-12:30 USE OF COMPARISON-MICROSCOPE IN TRACE EVIDENCE ANALYSIS Claus Klein Leica Microsystems, CMS GmbH, Germany 203A (2F) 14:00-17:30 BUSINESS MEETING (TEWG) 203B (2F) 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 1 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS (QASC) CHAIRPERSON Maria Corazon A De Ungria (Philippines) 09:00-09:10 OPENING SPEECH / WELCOME SPEECH QASC 1-1 09:10-10:30 TOP 10 NON-CONFORMANCES FOUND DURING ASCLD/ LAB ASSESSMENTS [12 MONTH REVIEW] Anja Einseln ASCLD-LAB QASC 1-2 11:00-12:30 MEASUREMENT TRACEABILITY: SOME EXAMPLES AND THE REQUIREMENTS Anja Einseln ASCLD-LAB 203B (2F) BUSINESS MEETING (QASCWG) 020 14:00-17:30 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 October 13 (Monday) AFSN Keynote Lecture Grand Ballroom 104+105 (1F) AFSN Workgroup Workshop Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 09:00-12:30 14:00-17:30 OPENING ADDRESS Joong-Seok Seo WORKSHOP DAY 2 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (CSIWG) President of AFSN CHAIRPERSON WELCOME ADDRESS Kyung-Kook Park CSI 2-1 Shuo Liu (China) First vice Minister of Ministry of Security and Public Administration, Korea AFSN 1-1 14:00-15:30 FBI EVIDENCE RESPONSE TEAM APPROACH TO CRIME SCENE MANAGEMENT - PART I Michael Grabber 09:10-09:50 SYSTEMATIZED TORTURE AND DEATHS IN CUSTODY Sherein S. Ghaleb President of IALFS, General Secretary of the Arab Union of Forensic Physicians, Egypt FBI Evidence Response Team Unit, USA CSI 2-2 16:00-16:20 FBI EVIDENCE RESPONSE TEAM APPROACH TO CRIME SCENE MANAGEMENT - PART II Michael Grabber FBI Evidence Response Team Unit, USA AFSN 1-2 09:50-10:30 FORENSIC SCIENCE IN CHINA - AN INTRODUCTION Lin Chang Institute of Evidence Law and Forensic Science, China University of Political Science and Law, China AFSN 1-3 11:00-11:40 TECHNOLOGY VERSUS FUNDAMENTALS: A PATHWAY TO PROFICIENCY IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION Ross Gardner CSI 2-4 Department of Forensic Science, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.), India - 284128, Jhansi, India; 2Department of Botany, Central University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India 1 16:50-17:00 PHOTO-TAKING SESSION Vice President, Bevel, Gardner, and Associates, Atlanta, Georgia, USA AFSN 1-4 11:40-12:20 FORENSIC SCIENCE IN A VUCA (VOLATILITY, UNCERTAINTY, COMPLEXITY AND AMBIGUITY) WORLD Alain Verstraete Department of laboratory medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 1 12:20-12:30 LAUNCH OF IFSA MINIMUM REQUIRMENT DOCUMENTS IFSA 16:20-16:50 ANALYSIS OF DIATOMS FROM FRESH WATER BODIES IN MANIPUR STATE OF INDIA Ankit Srivastava1, Ningthoujan Khelensana Singh1, Smita Chouhan1, Vijay Kumar Yadav1, Gajendra Pal Singh2 Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 14:00-17:30 WORKSHOP DAY 2 - DNA (DNAWG) CHAIRPERSON Byung-Won Chun (Korea) DNA 2-1 14:00-14:40 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC DNA DATABASE FOR USE IN CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE Worawee Waiyawuth Central Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Thailand DNA 2-2 14:40-15:00 RAPID DNA: FULLY INTEGRATED, FULLY AUTOMATED GENERATION OF STR PROFILES Julie French1, Eugene Tan2 Human Identity Division, Ge Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; 2Product Development, Netbio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States 1 021 WFF2014 DNA 2-3 208A (2F) 15:00-15:20 14:00-17:30 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF STATISTICAL PROBABILITY FOR LOCI ABOVE 20 Nor Aidora Saedon1, Rauzah Hashim2, Noraini Ahmad2, Mohd Izuan Othman1, Baktiar Kassim1 WORKSHOP DAY 2 - ILLICIT DRUGS (IDWG) Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia ID 2-1 DNA 2-4 Department of Chemistry, Narcotic Division, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, Malaysia 1 15:20-15:40 DISPERSION OF DNA OF COMPROMISED SKULL IN MALAYSIA Nor Aidora Saedon, Nurul Hamizai Abdul Hamid, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Zulhilmi Husni, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia 15:40-16:10 BREAK & PHOTO-TAKING SESSION DNA 2-5 DNA Analysis Branch, Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory, Camp Crame Quezon City, Philippines 16:30-16:50 MAXIMIZE INFORMATION FROM YOUR MIXTURE SAMPLES WITH THE POWERPLEX® FUSION 6C SYSTEM, A COMBINED AUTOSOMAL AND Y-STR MULTIPLEX Lotte Downey, Martin Ensenberger, Patricia Fulmer, Kristy Lenz, Dawn Rabbach, Cynthia Sprecher, Douglas Storts Genetic Identity, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States DNA 2-7 16:50-17:10 DEVELOPMENTAL VALIDATION OF AN INNOVATIVE DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM WITH INTELLIGENT TOOLS FOR EFFICIENT SCREENING OF DEGRADED AND INHIBITED CASEWORK SAMPLES Allison Holt, Sheri Olson, Jacquelyn Gabriel, Robert Green Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA, United States DNA 2-8 Eun Mi Kim (Korea) 17:10-17:30 14:00-14:20 CHEMISTRY AND REACTION MECHANISMS OF COLOUR TESTS FOR DRUGS OF ABUSE AND PRECURSORS CHEMICALS Gunalan Varatharajan ID 2-2 14:20-14:40 DRUG IDENTIFICATION USING LINEAR RETENTION INDEX Zhi Wei Eyo, Desmond Tan, Shih Yun Pang, Sok Hong Nio, Wendy Lim, Angeline Yap Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore ID 2-3 16:10-16:30 GENETIC DATA OF TWELVE X-CHROMOSOMAL LOCI IN THE FILIPINO POPULATION Judycel Macapagal, Franklin De La Cruz, Lorna Santos DNA 2-6 CHAIRPERSON 14:40-15:00 A RECOMMENDED PROCEDURE TO ESTABLISHING THE PROFILING OF METHYLAMPHETAMINE BY SYNTHETIC ROUTES Vanitha Kunalan Narcotics Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia ID 2-4 15:00-15:20 EVIDENCE RECOVERY AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS FOR INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TWO DRUG SMUGGLING CASES Xing Huang1, Weixin Wang2, Ying Chang2, Jun Zhu2, Lisheng Gao2 Department of Science and Research Managment, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Drug Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China 1 ID 2-5 15:50-16:10 TOP-DOWN APPROACH FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE MEASUREMENT OF UNCERTAINTY FOR METHAMPHETAMINE DETERMINATION BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY Charmaine Hu, Kee Bian Chan, Wendy Lim, Merula Mangudi, Michelle Woo, Angeline Yap Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore ID 2-6 16:10-16:30 DEVELOPMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE YFILER® PLUS PCR AMPLIFICATION KIT Andrea Carbonaro, Siddhita Gopinath SEIZURE OF A CLANDESTINE KETAMINE LABORATORY IN MALAYSIA Vanitha Kunalan, Maimonah Sulaiman, Chan Kee Bian Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Oyster Point, United States Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia 022 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ID 2-7 16:30-16:50 FORENSIC CAPACITY BUILDING - CLIC TRAINING Riska Dwi Widayati Drug Testing Laboratory, National Narcotics Board of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 16:50–17:00 PHOTO-TAKING SESSION TE 2-2 WORKSHOP 1-HOW TO ASSES A FIBRE CASE, PLAN AN EXAMINATION STRATEGY AND EVALUATE THE FINDINGS PART 4 – EVALUATION OF FINDINGS PART 5 – CASE PRESENTATION Kornelia Nehse Forensic Science Institute, Landeskriminalamt Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Germany 208B (2F) 14:00-17:30 WORKSHOP DAY 2 - TOXICOLOGY (TXWG) TX 2-1 17:20-17:30 PHOTO-TAKING SESSION 14:00-15:30 WORKSHOP I-DRUG FACILITATED SEXUAL ASSAULT: GET IT RIGHT! THE RIGHT INVESTIGATION, THE RIGHT DRUG, THE RIGHT SPECIMEN, THE RIGHT LAB AND, THE RIGHT INTERPRETATION Ashraf Mozayani , Douglas Posey 1 2 Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, United States; International Forensic Science Consultants, Houston, Texas, United States 1 2 TX 2-2 16:00-17:20 WORKSHOP I-DRUG FACILITATED SEXUAL ASSAULT: GET IT RIGHT! THE RIGHT INVESTIGATION, THE RIGHT DRUG, THE RIGHT SPECIMEN, THE RIGHT LAB AND, THE RIGHT INTERPRETATION Ashraf Mozayani1, Douglas Posey2 Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, United States; International Forensic Science Consultants, Houston, Texas, United States 1 2 17:20-17:30 PHOTO-TAKING SESSION 203A (2F) 14:00-17:30 203B (2F) CHAIRPERSON 14:00-17:30 WORKSHOP DAY 2 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS (QASC) CHAIRPERSON Maria Corazon A De Ungria (Philippines) QASC 2-1 14:00-15:30 MOVING TOWARD MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF MANAGING BACKLOG – ENGAGING IN CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT Anja Einseln ASCLD-LAB, USA QASC 2-2 16:00-17:20 MOVING TOWARD MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF MANAGING BACKLOG – ENGAGING IN CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT Anja Einseln ASCLD-LAB, USA WORKSHOP DAY 2 - TRACE EVIDENCE (TEWG) 17:20-17:30 PHOTO-TAKING SESSION Hoang Hanh Hung (Vietnam) TE 2-1 16:00-17:20 14:00-15:30 WORKSHOP 1 – HOW TO ASSES A FIBRE CASE, PLAN AN EXAMINATION STRATEGY AND EVALUATE THE FINDINGS AFSN Luncheon Symposium Grand Ballroom 104+105 (1F) 12:30-14:00 PART 1 – TRACE EVIDENCE RECOVERY AT THE SCENE LS 1 PART 2 – CASE CONFERENCE, CASE ASSESSMENT AND EXAMINATION PLAN Kornelia Nehse THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING METHODS FOR ROUTINE FORENSIC ANALYSIS – INTRODUCING THE ILLUMINA MISEQ FGX FORENSIC GENOMICS SYSTEM Forensic Science Institute, Landeskriminalamt Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Germany Illumina, USA PART 3 – ANALYTICAL METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION Joe Varlaro 023 WFF2014 October 14 (Tuesday) MEMORY OF BEING RAPED, WHERE PENETRATION WITHOUT EJACULATION BY SEXUAL ASSAILANTS. AFSN Workgroup Workshop Sarabjit Singh Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 09:00-11:00 WORKSHOP DAY 3 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (CSIWG) CHAIRPERSON Shuo Liu (China) CSI 3-1 09:00-09:30 CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF SHOEPRINT INFORMATION SYSTEM IN CHINA DNA Division,forensic Science Services, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, New Delhi, India DNA 3-4 10:20-10:40 IDENTIFICATION OF SEVERELY BURNED CORPSES: LIMITATION OF TYPE OF BODY PARTS TO BE USED AS DNA SAMPLE (CASE REPORT) Djaja Surya Atmadja1, Evi Untoro2 Marks Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Instalation of Forensic Medicine, Sentra Medika Cibinong Hospital, Bogor, Indonesia CSI 3-2 DNA 3-5 Huanzhang Fu, Maosen Ban 09:30-10:00 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IN MONGOLIA Policy and Strategic develeopment, Mongolian National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 11:00-12:30 BUSINESS MEETING (CSIWG) Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 09:00-12:30 CHAIRPERSON Si-Keun Lim (Korea) Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia 11:30-11:50 QUANTIFILER TRIO : AN EVALUATION ON MOCK CASEWORK DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS SAMPLES Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lazimmahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia 09:00-09:40 RECENT ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES: THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON FORENSIC SCIENCE AND THE ORGANIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AREA COMMITTEES John M. Butler National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA DNA 3-2 Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasimmahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Norummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim DNA 3-6 WORKSHOP DAY 3- DNA (DNAWG) DNA 3-1 11:10-11:30 AN EXPERIENCE OF THE DNA DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS VIA QIAGEN QIA CUBE Batmyagmar Bataa, Ochirbat Togookhuu Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 1 DNA 3-7 11:50-12:10 EVALUATION OF THE PROTOTYPE PROMEGA POWERQUANT™ SYSTEM FOR DNA QUANTITATION Jazelyn Salvador1, 2, Maria Lourdes Honrado1, Dame Loveliness Apaga2, Gayvelline Calacal1, 2, Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines; 2Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines 1 09:40-10:00 THE POWERFUL AND EFFECTIVE APPLICATION PROCESS FOR CAPTURING A SERIAL RAPIST BY THE UTILIZATION OF FORENSIC DNA INFORMATION Sammy Jung, Nam Soo Cho Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) DNA 3-8 12:10-12:30 POWERQUANT™ SYSTEM: A NEW ROBUST HUMAN AND MALE SPECIFIC DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM THAT MONITORS DNA INTEGRITY Jessi Sim Training and Support, Promega Corporation, Perth, Australia DNA 3-3 10:00-10:20 DNA EXAMINATION OF MENTAL GIRL WHO HAD NO 024 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 208A (2F) 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 3 - ILLICIT DRUGS (IDWG) CHAIRPERSON Maimonah Sulaiman (Malaysia) ID 3-1 TE 3-1 Jame M. Curran Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand 09:00-10:30 SWGDRUG RECOMMENDATION (PART III) TE 3-2 Scott Oulton BRING A CASE SESSION Drug Enforcement Administration, USA Thiam Bon Lim ID 3-2 09:00-10:30 WORKSHOP 2- A-Z OF FORENSIC STATISTICS 11:00-12:30 11:00-12:30 Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore SWGDRUG RECOMMENDATION (PART III) Scott Oulton 203B (2F) Drug Enforcement Administration, USA 208B (2F) WORKSHOP DAY 3 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS (QASC) 09:00-12:30 WORKSHOP DAY 3 - TOXICOLOGY (TXWG) CHAIRPERSON Maria Corazon A De Ungria (Philippines) QASC 3-1 TX 3-1 09:00-12:30 09:00-10:00 09:00-10:00 WORKSHOP II-DRUG – FACILITATED CRIME IN EUROPE FIVE THINGS TO CONSIDER IN FORENSIC LABORATORY DESIGN - TREND OF DFC Anja Einseln - SPECIAL CASE STUDIES ASCLD-LAB, USA Alain G.Verstraete Laboratory of Clinical Biology-Toxicology, Ghent University / TIAFT President, Belgium QASC 3-2 TX 3-2 Feng Hua 10:00-10:30 WORKSHOP III- TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DRUGFACILITATED CRIMES 10:00-10:30 THE STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES QUALITY CONTROL AND ACCREDITATION IN CHINA Department of Forensic Standards and Criterion, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PR China, China Institute Members QASC 3-3 Member Institutes TX 3-3 11:00-11:30 WORKSHOP III-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DRUGFACILITATED CRIMES Forensic Science Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md, United States; 2NFI, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Member Institutes 11:30-12:30 WORKSHOP IV-BRING YOUR OWN CASES QASC 3-4 11:30-12:00 ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCE OF RECORDING WAY ON VOICE IDENTIFICATION Institute Members Member Institutes 203A (2F) Melissa Taylor1, Ralph Kleuskens2 1 Institute Members TX 3-4 11:00-11:30 THE STATE OF PROFICIENCY TESTS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCE COMMUNITY - AN INTERNATIONAL SURVEY EFFORT Zheng Hongbing 09:00-12:30 Department of Forensic Science & Technology, China Criminal Police University, China WORKSHOP DAY 3 - TRACE EVIDENCE (TEWG) QASC 3-5 CHAIRPERSON THE CURRENT STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORY ACCREDITATION IN KOREA Thiam Bon Lim (Singapore) 12:00-12:30 025 WFF2014 Seung Beom Hong, Joon Ho Lee, Kyoung Don Kwak, Yoon Jung Huh, Sang Kyu Hwang National Forensic Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea AFSN Luncheon Symposium Grand Ballroom 104+105 (1F) 12:30-14:00 LS 2 DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE DNA QUANTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT SYSTEM Allison Holt Thermofisher Scientific, USA LS 3 YFILER PLUS Andrea Carbonaro Thermofisher Scientific, Italy AFSN Keynote Lecture Grand Ballroom 104+105 (1F) AFSN 2-1 14:30-16:00 14:30-15:10 TO NEW HORIZONS WITH EVIDENCE AND INTELLIGENCE MORE IMPROVED TECHNOLOGIES ANYTHING ELSE? Kornelia Nehse Forensic Science Institute Berlin/The Police President in Berlin – Landeskriminalamt, Kriminaltechnik, Germany AFSN 2-2 15:10-15:50 MOLECULAR INTELLIGENCE: NEW USES OF MOLECULAR BIO-MARKERS FOR INVESTIGATIVE PURPOSES Manfred Kayser Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands WFF Opening Ceremony & Welcome Reception Auditorium (3F) KL00 18:00-21:00 18:40-19:00 NEW HORIZON IN FORENSIC SCIENCES WITH KOREA Shinmong Kang Forensic Medicine, Catholic University, Korea 026 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN Poster Presentation Lobby of 2nd Floor CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION (CSIWG) CSI P-7 THE STATURE ESTIMATE FROM FOOTPRINTS OF PHU TAI TRIBES IN NORTHEAST THAILAND Natphasin Wongpipat1, Rachadaporn Benchawattananon1, Amporn Chamsuwan1 CSI P-1 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF SPEECH SAMPLES IN TWO DIFFERENT CONDITIONS 2 Forensic Science, Khonkaen University, Khonkaen, Thailand; Forensic Medicine, Khonkaen University, Khonkaen, Thailand Jintao Kang, Jingyang Li, Li Wang, Xiaodi Wang, Jie Cui Lobby of 2nd Floor Intelligence Information and Technology Division, Institution of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China DNA (DNAWG) CSI P-2 DNA P-1 ACQUISITION BASED ON LIME TOOLS AND ANALYSIS OF LIVE MEMORY FROM ANDROID PHONES GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF 18 STR LOCI WITHIN UYGHUR POPULATION LIVING IN HOTAN PREFECTURE, XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA Yao Yiren, Bai Xue, Zhao Xingchun, Wang Le, Ye Jian, Chi Wei Yanrong Kang1, Jian Ruan2 Digital Forensics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c., Beijing, China; 2Fada Institute of Forensic Medicine & Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China 1 CSI P-3 IMPROVING THE FINGERPRINTS DATABASE OF INDONESIAN POPULATION FROM E-ID CARD THROUGH MAMBIS (MOBILE AUTOMATED MULTI BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM) PORTAL Hendrian Muntanzar Indonesia Automated Fingerprint Identification System, Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia CSI P-4 ANALYSIS OF UNCERTAINTY IN CRIME SCENE MEASUREMENTS BY A 3D LASER SYSTEM Louis Koh, Wee Chuan Yeo, Thiam Bon Lim Center for Applied Forensic Sciences and Technologies, Institute of Forensic Science,ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China DNA P-2 THE APPLICATION OF DNA TYPER™ 15 PLUS DIRECT KIT IN DNA DATABASE Bai Xue, Zhao Xingchun, Wang Le, Yao Yiren, Sun Jing, Ma Wenhua, Zhang Jian, Mo Xiaoting, Ye Jian, Jia Zheng Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c., Beijing, China DNA P-3 COMBINED USING 96 WELL CENTRIFUGAL FILTRATION PLATE WITH TECAN FREEDOM EVO150-8 AUTOMATION WORKSTATION CAN IMPROVE EFFICIENCY OF TOUCH DNA DETECTION Qingzhen Meng1, Ruhua Zhou2, Min Li2 Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2DNA Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Public Security Bureau of Suzhou, Suzhou, China CSI P-5 DNA P-4 VIDEO INVESTIGATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH Liu Hao 1 IDENTIFICATION OF CANNABIS AND ITS ADULTERANTS USING PSBA-TRNH BARCODING Song Bingke2, Yang Yueying1, Pei Li1 Network Information Center, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Forensic Evidence Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2 Criminal Technology, Chinese People’s Public Security University, Beijing, China CSI P-6 DNA P-5 THE DETECTION OF LATENT FINGERMARKS BY SURFACE-MODIFIED UP-CONVERTING NANOPHOSPHORS 1 Jun Wang A LARGE Y-STR HAPLOTYPE REFERENCE DATABASE FOR FORENSIC APPLICATION IN KOREA Nam Soo Cho, Jin Myung Lee, Na Yeon Kim, Saimi Jung, Youn Hyung Nam, Jong-Jin Kim, Myun Soo Han Forensic Science, Jiang Su Police Institute, Nanjing, China Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju 027 WFF2014 220-170, Korea (South) DNA P-6 INTERNAL VALIDATION OF THE KPLEX Y17 (MULTIPLEX Y STR SYSTEM) FOR FORENSIC CASEWORK Hye Yeon Kim1, Shin Hye Oh1, Yu Na Oh2, Sera Kim3, Kyoung-Jin Shin2, Young Geun Yang3, Soong Deok Lee4, Su Jung Park1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 3BioQuest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 DNA P-7 SEPARATING SPERM CELL IN SEXUAL ASSAULT SPECIMENS USING OPTIMIZED METHOD FOR RAPIDITY AND HIGH CAPACITY Man-Il Kim1, Eun-Jung Lee1, Gang-Nam Jin1, Jung-Yoon Lee1, Dong-Sub Lee2 Crime-Scene DNA Section, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Crime-Scene DNA Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 DNA P-8 POPULATION GENETICS AND MUTATIONAL EVENTS OF 23 Y-CHROMOSOMAL STR LOCI IN SOUTH KOREANS Jung Hee Hwang1, Songyi Han1, Nam-Soo Kim1, Jeong Ah Kwon2, Nam Soo Cho2, Ji Hwan Park1, Kyoung Sook Kim1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 DNA P-9 RAPID APPROXIMATE SEARCH OF NONHOMOGENEOUS DNA PROFILES USING KINMATCH Hyungyong Kim1, Sehwan Kim1, Byeongchul Kang1, Heejung Ahn2, Myunsoo Han3 Data Science Center, Insilicogen, Inc., Suwon, Korea (South); 2 Division of DNA Analysis, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Division of Forensic DNA, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 Inc, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South); 5Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) DNA P-11 MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR DISCRIMINATING SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF NARCOTIC POPPY, PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM Bo Young Seo1, Dong-Ha Ahn2, Eun-A Jo2, Hye Hyun Oh1, Seung Hwan Lee1, Won Kim3, Gi-Sik Min2 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (South); 3School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 DNA P-12 EVALUATION OF ILLUMINA'S UNIVERSAL FORENSIC PANEL ON SINGAPORE POPULATION SAMPLES Christopher Syn2, Ramani Anantharaman1, Shu Jun Lin1, Woan Foon Looi1, Michelle Lai1, Eileen Loo1, Jacquelyn Tay1, Sze Kae Goh1 DNA Profiling Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2DNA Profiling Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 1 DNA P-13 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION USING DNA PROFILING: LOA AIRLINES PLANE CRASHES IN PAKSE Watee Asawutmangkul, Pattama Luengwuttiwong, Jittima Lertchaiporn, Nonglak Silkhun, Siriprapa Meebuatong, Teeranai Roumrak, Hathaichanoke Boonyarit Sub-Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Police General Hospital, Royal Thai Police, Bangkok, Thailand DNA P-15 ANALYSIS OF 15 AUTOSOMAL SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN 165 MONGOLIANS Uyanga Ganbold1, Sarantuya Jav2, Purewdulam Sharavjamts3, Ganbold Suren3 Toxicology Sector, National Institute for Public Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 2Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Health Science University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 3Department of Scientific Analysis, National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 1 DNA P-10 EVALUATION OF A SELF-DEVELOPED AUTOSOMAL STR MULTIPLEX PCR SYSTEM TO COMPILE A KOREAN CRIMINAL DATABASE Jeong Eun Sim1, Eun Young Lee2, Sera Kim3, Young Se Hyun4, Kyoung-Jin Shin2, Young Geun Yang3, Soong Deok Lee5, Su Jeong Park1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 3BioQuest, 1 028 DNA P-16 ADVANTAGE OF USING COMPLEMENTARY KITS FOR THE ELUCIDATION OF AMBIGUOUS DNA PROFILING RESULTS Jazelyn Salvador1, Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez 1,2, Maria WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Corazon De Ungria1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Genetics and Molecular Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 1 Paul Ryan Sales, Gayvelline Calacal, Jazelyn Salvador, Maria Corazon De Ungria DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines - Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines DNA P-23 DNA P-17 MITOCHONDRIAL HAPLOTYPE FREQUENCY DATABASE FOR SRI LANKANS WAS ESTABLISHED. Ruwan Illeperuma Molecular Forensics, Genetech, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka DNA P-18 SELECTION OF GLOBAL-COMMON 100 SNPS FROM WHOLE EXOME DATA IN KOREAN POPULATION Sung Min Kim, Ji Won Yu, Hyun Dae Hong, Ki Hoon Kim, Ki Wha Chung Deprment of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South) DNA P-19 INCREASED NUMBER OF LOCI : GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE PERFORMANCE OF POWERPLEX FUSION, GLOBALFILER CASEWORK AND INVESTIGATOR ID PLEX 24 Nor Aidora Saedon, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Mohd Iqbal Zulkafli, Baktiar Kassim MUTATION RATES AT 34 Y-CHROMOSOMAL SHORT TANDEM REPEAT (STR) MARKERS IN FATHER/SON, BROTHER, AND GRANDFATHER-GRANDSON PAIRS FROM A FILIPINO POPULATION Lindsay Clare Carandang1, 2, Jazelyn Salvador1, 2, Maria Lourdes Honrado2, Altair Agmata1, Angelica Rose Sagum1, Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2 Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines; 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines 1 DNA P-24 CASE REPORT OF XX MALE SYNDROME AND AIS(ANDROGEN INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME) Jang-Yong Kim, Sun-Wha Park, Moon-Hee Park, Ju-Yeon Jung, Ji-Won Choi, Eun-Hye Kim, Hae-Yong Lee, Dong-Ho Choi, Dong-Seob Yi, Pil-Won Kang DNA Analysis Division, Seoul institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) DNA P-25 Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia EVALUATION OF FORENSIC DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FOR POST-COITAL SWABS, STAINS, AND CONDOMS DNA P-20 Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez1, Gayvelline Calacal1, Rita Laude2, Maria Corazon De Ungria1 AN EXPERIENCE OF DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS VIA QIA CUBE Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasimmahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia DNA P-21 CASE STUDY OF DNA ANALYSIS FROM MURDER IN BUSANJIN-GU Hee-Yeon Park, Jeong-Ah Kwon, Jong-Keun Jung, Mi-Jung Kim, Sumin Lee, Sang-Cheul Shin, Byung-Won Chun DNA Analysis Section, Forensic Medicine Division, Busan institute, National Forensic Service, 50, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (South) DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines 1 DNA P-26 RAPIDLY MUTATING Y-STRS IN TWO INDONESIAN POPULATIONS Gludhug Ariyo Purnomo, Helena Suryadi, Herawati Sudoyo Forensic DNA Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia DNA P-27 JUDICIAL RULES, LAWS AND ETHICS THAT GOVERN DNA FORENSICS IN THE PHILIPPINES DNA P-22 Maria Corazon De Ungria1, Jose Jose2, Jimenez E3 VALIDATION AND COMPARISON OF DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FOR HUMAN TEETH 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 029 WFF2014 Quezon City, Philippines; 2Office of Legal Aid, College of Law, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 3 National Institute of Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines DNA P-29 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTICATION SUKHOI SUPER JET 100 THROUGH DNA TECHNOLOGY Putut T Widodo1, Tamy Soedarsono2, Novi Wulandari1, Raka Swastika1, Dewi Monasari1, Lathifah Ismiyati1, Retno Dwi Wahyuningsih1, Muh Fuad Riyadi1, Restu Priono1, Riris Savitri1 Indonesian National Police, DNA Laboratory Of INP Forensic Medicine And Health Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Universty Of Indonesia, Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia 1 DNA P-30 DNA IDENTIFICATION OF 2012 SUKHOI SUPER JET 100 CRASH DVI OPERATION Putut T Widodo1, Novi Wulandari1, Raka Swastika1, Dewi Monasari1, Lathifah Ismiyati1, Retno D Wahyuningsih1, Muh Fuad Riyadi1, Restu Priono1, Riris Savitri1, Tamy Soedarsono2 Roedy Aris Tavip Center of Forensic Laboratory of Criminal Investigative Division, Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia ID P-3 EFFECT OF PH AND SODIUM CHLORIDE ON LIQUIDLIQUID EXTRACTION METHOD FOR MDMA ANALYSIS IN ECSTASY TABLET USING GC-MS Riska Dwi Widayati Drug Testing Laboratory, National Narcotics Board of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia ID P-4 SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF 10 SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS IN NOVEL "SPICE" DRUGS BY HPLC AND LC-MS/MS Wanfeng Zhai, Chunshui Zhang, Lisheng Gao Drug Detection Division, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Indonesian National Police, DNA Laboratory Of INP Forensic Medicine And Health Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2University Of Indonesia, Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia TOXICOLOGY (TXWG) DNA P-31 TX P-1 A COMPARISON OF YFILER® PLUS VTS PCR AMPLICATION KIT AND AMPF/STR® YFILERTM KIT IN 10 CASEWORK SAMPLES LC-MS/MS DETERMINATION OF GAMMAHYDROXYBUTYRATE IN HUMAN URINE 1 Ju-Yeon Jung1, Kyoung-Sook Kim2, Sun-Wha Park1, Moon-Hee Park1, Jang-Yong Kim1, Ji-Won Choi1, Dong-Sub Lee1, Pil-Won Kang1 Dept. of DNA Analysis, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Dept. of DNA Analysis, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South) 209 (2F) Yujing Luan, Leiping Zhang, Ruihua Wang, Ying Dong, Hongyan Du, Fanglin Wang, Yi He, Zhongshan Yu Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China 1 209 (2F) TX P-2 DETERMINATION OF CHLORIMURON-ETHYL BY LC-MS/ MS Leiping Zhang, Yujing Luan, Zhongshan Yu, Hongyan Du, Yi He ILLICIT DRUGS (IDWG) Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China ID P-1 TX P-3 IDENTIFICATION OF 3-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYLP IPERAZINE (TFMPP) FROM THE UNKNOWN WHITE CRYSTALLINE SUBSTANCE RAPID DETERMINATION OF OLEANDRIN IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY LC-MS/MS METHOD Chang Ying, Zhao Yang, Huang Xing, Gao Li-Sheng Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China Fanglin Wang, Yujing Luan, Yao Liu TX P-4 ID P-2 IDENTIFICATION OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE JURISDICTIONS OF BALI AND WEST NUSA TENGGARA REGIONAL POLICE 030 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN POSTMORTEM BLOOD USING LC-MS/MS AND A CASE REPORT, DEATH OF NICOTINE POISONING WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Hyesun Yum, Jungjoon Kim, Minji Kang, Sungmin Moon, Sujin Jeong, Juseon Lee, Seungkyung Baeck Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology & Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) Supranee Pantatan, Ampika Leelapojan Forensic Chemistry Unit, Bureau of Forensic Service, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand TX P-11 TX P-5 HIGH-THROUGHPUT SPE/GC-MS METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE AND AMPHETAMINE IN URINE SAMPLES OF DRUG USERS Sumate Thiangthum, Orapin Tanunkat Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand TX P-6 BENZODIAZEPINES ANALYSIS IN BLOOD WITH DRIED BLOOD SPOTS(DBS) Heesang Lee, Yujin Park, Jiyeong Jo, Sangwhan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Forensic Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) TX P-7 SIMULTANEOUS SCREENING AND QUANTITATION OF TEN AMPHETAMINES IN URINE BY ON-LINE SPE-LC/ MS METHOD Helmy Rabaha1, Zhaoqi Zhan2 Department of Scientific Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei, Brunei Darussalam; 2Customer Support Centre, Shimadzu (asia Pacific) Pte Ltd, Singapore 1 TX P-8 DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF VECURONIUM IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS IN A CASE OF FATAL VECURONIUM INTOXICATION Sung-Min Moon, Jung-Joon Kim, Min-Ji Kang, Hye-Sun Yum, Su-Jin Jeong, Ju-Seon Lee, Seung-Kyung Baeck ETHYL GLUCURONIDE(ETG) IN HAIR OF SUSPECTED ALCOHOLICS IN FORENSIC AUTOPSY CASES Hye-Jin Choi, Dong-Kye Lee, Hyun Jee Kim, Se Jin Oh Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) TX P-12 IDENTIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS BY 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN VARIOUS BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS Dong-Kye Lee Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) 1 TX P-13 SENSITIVE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 11-NOR-9-CARBOXY-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL IN HAIR BY COLUMN SWITCHING LC/MS/MS Meejung Park, Sunghoon Yeon, Inhoi Han, Jeasin Lee, Yonghoon Park Drug and Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) TX P-14 DETERMINATION OF BENZATROPINE IN HAIR BY GC/ MS AFTER LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION (LLE) USING METHANOL AND PHOSPHATE BUFFER Abdulsallam Bakdash Forensic Chemistry, Faculty of Forensic Sciences / Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology & Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) TX P-9 APPLICATION OF HOLLOW FIBER LIQUID PHASE MICRO-EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH HIGHPERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE ANALYSIS OF TRAMDOL Xueguo Chen, Ting Zhang Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China TX P-10 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TIME OF FLIGHT / MASSPECTROMETRY METHOD FOR FORENSIC DRUG SCREENING IN BLOOD SAMPLES 204 (2F) TRACE EVIDENCE (TEWG) TE P-02 THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRICAL TAPE EVIDENCE DATABASE IN CHINA Zhenwen Sun, Yangke Quan, Yuyou Sun, Hong Zhou, Ting Qiao, Yao Liu Trace Evidence Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China TE P-3 FORENSIC CLASSIFICATION AND CONNECTION OF COUNTERFEIT BANKNOTE PAPER BY LA-ICP-MS AND 031 WFF2014 MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS METHODS: A CASE REPORT TE P-10 Hongling Guo , Gao Ting , Quan Yangke , Yin Baohua , Shi Gaojun1 THE EVIDENTIAL VALUE OF COLOURED STAPLES IN FORENSIC EXAMINATION Trace Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China; Criminal Science and Technology, China People’s Public Security University, Beijing, China Wan Yee Soong, Grace Miao' En Wong, Alaric Chin Wai Koh, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim 1 2 1 1 1 2 Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore TE P-4 A TECHNIQUE TO VISUALIZE PATTERNS OF GUNSHOT RESIDUE FOR ESTIMATION OF SHOOTING DISTANCE: M-XRF TE P-11 Yiyi Li, Xinhe Ma, Xiaolin Wang Xingzhou Han1, Da Qin2, Jiantong Huang1, Xiaoguang Wang2, Zihan Guo2 Firearm Examination, Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security P.r.c., Beijin, China TE P-5 FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA,WHERE TO GO? Rongliang Ma Fingerprint Section, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China TE P-6 THE FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF CHARRED DOCUMENTS BASED ON THE THERMALGRAVIMETRY TECHNIQUE Da Qin, Xingzhou Han, Zihan Guo, Hongguang Hao Department of Questioned Document Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Mps, Beijing, China TE P-7 THE RESEARCH ON THE VALUE OF THE HANDWRITING FEATURES BY REPEATED IMITATED CHINESE ART SIGNATURE Haiqian Yan, Da Qin, Xinzhou Han, Xiaoguang Wang, Hongguang Hao Department of Questioned Document Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Mps, Beijing, China TE P-8 THE TRANSFER AND PERSISTENCE OF THE FIBERS ON HANDS AFTER WASHING Aleum Han, Sojung Kim, Dasom Son, Heewon Min, Sungwook Hong RESEARCH ON THE EXAMINATION OF CONTINUOUS OF LASER PRINTED DOCUMENTS Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Pelople's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China; 2Questioned Document Examination Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security, China, Beijing, China 1 TE P-12 A NEW METHOD OF ALTERED HANDWRITING EXAMINATION: ACCUMULATIVE WRITING PIGMENT AROUND THE PAPER FIBERS Jiantong Huang, Xingzhou Han, Wei Han Institute of Forensic Science, Pelople's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China TE P-13 PARTICLE ANALYSIS OF LIGHTER FLINT RESIDUE AND COMPARISON WITH THE GUNSHOT RESIDUE(GSR) PARTICLES USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY/ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROMETRY(SEM/EDS) Won-Seok Park1, Jae-Hoon Cha1, Chung-Hyun Jeon2 Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Scientific Investigation Team, Naval Military Police Group, Chungnam, Korea (South) 1 TE P-14 DISCUSSION ON THE EFFECTION OF DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY IN THE DETERMINATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE IN SWEAT LATENT FINGERMARKS Ting Zhang, Xueguo Chen Graduate School of Forensic Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea (South) Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China TE P-9 TE P-15 THE STUDY FOR SUBCLASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRING PIN MARKS BY MODEL QSZ92 CAL.9MM PISTOL ANALYSIS ON TRAVEL CONDITION OF NON-VEHICLE IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENT Xiaolin Wang, Yiyi Li, Xinhe Ma Hanxin Zhang Firearms, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c, Beijing, China Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police 032 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 University, 83 Tawan Str. Huanggu Dist. Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China, China Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea TE P-16 STUDY THE TRAFFIC ACCIDENT LIABILITY TO THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPENSATION Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, 83 Tawan Str. Huanggu Dist. Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China, China TE P-17 THE STUDY OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING EXPERIMENTAL ON CHANGED HANDWRITING WRITTEN BY BLACK GEL PEN Wei Han, Jiangtong Huang, Yusheng Zhang Intitution of Forensic Science, People's Public Security University of China, BeiJing, China TE P-18 APPLYING HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPTLC) AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY IN COMBINATION WIT PAPER CHARACTERISTIC MEASURMENTS TO DETECT AGING DOCUMENT Hoang Hung Institute of Forensic Science, research team, Hanoi, Vietnam TE P-19 THE DISCRIMINATION FOR CULTIVATION CONDITION OF GINSENG USING STABLE ISOTOPES Kiwook Kim1, Younghoon Jo, Joohyun Song1, Jinhee Lee1,2, Inwoo Lee, Jisook Min1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchunro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea, 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea 1 TE P-20 DETERMINATION OF MULTI-ELEMENTS IN FORENSIC HUMAN HAIR BY LA-ICP-MS Daejun An, Yurim Jang, Hyunkyung Joo, Myungduck Kim, Jisook Min Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchunro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea TE P-21 THE DISCRIMINATION OF BALLPOINT PEN INKS ON OFFICE PAPER USING LA-ICP-MS Sangchul Heo1, Jinhee Lee1,2, Geammun Nam1, Jisook Min1, Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchunro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea 2Department of Chemistry, 1 033 WFF2014 October 15 (Wednesday) Douglas H. Ubelaker IAFS Opening & Keynote Lecture Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History, USA Auditorium (3F) 08:00-10:00 CHAIRPERSONS Heesun Chung (Korea), Douglas. M. Lucas (Canada), Thomas. K. Marshall (UK) KL01 Auditorium (3F) 14:00-15:00 CHAIRPERSONS Barry Fisher (USA), Eric Baccino (France) 08:00-08:40 CHALLENGES AND TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCES Alastair Ross National Institute of Forensic Science, Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA), Australia KL07 14:00-14:40 IAFS 2011 MADEIRA AWARD LECTURE THE APPLICATION OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY TO HUMAN RIGHT INVESTIGATIONS, NEW DIRECTIONS Luis Fondebrider Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (EAAF), Argentina KL02 08:40-09:20 THE BRIDGE TO THE PATH FORWARD KL08 Peter Neufeld LAUNCH OF IFSA MINIMUM REQUIRMENT DOCUMENTS INNOCENCE PROJECT, USA 14:40-14:50 IFSA KL03 09:20-10:00 THE PROSPECTIVE FUTURE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE Pierre Margot Department of Forensic Science, University of Lausanne, Switzerland Auditorium (3F) 10:30-12:30 IAFS Special Session Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) 14:00-15:30 SPECIAL SESSION 01 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) CHAIRPERSONS CHAIRPERSONS James. A. Ferris (New Zealand), William. J. Tilstone (UK), Takehiko Takatory (Japan) KL04 10:30-11:10 DOUGLAS M. LUCAS MEDAL AWARD LECTURE FORENSIC SCIENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS Duarte Nuno Vieira 11:10-11:50 IAFS ADELAIDE MEDAL AWARD - SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MOBILITY SOLUTIONS – HOW DO WE MANAGE EFFECTIVELY IN THE INFORMATION AGE? Michael Raymond The NSW Police Force, Australia KL06 14:00-14:30 DEATH INVESTIGATION IN MARYLAND. AN OVERVIEW OF A MODERN UNITED STATES MEDICOLEGAL SYSTEM FROM CONCEPTION TO PRESENT TIME David Fowler SS01-2 11:50-12:30 14:30-15:00 FORENSIC RADIOLOGY OR VIRTOPSY - GOING TO NEW HORIZONS IN FORENSICS Michael Thali University Zurich, Switzerland SS01-3 IAFS 2005 HONG KONG FORENSIC FOUNDATION LECTURE - THE GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE 034 SS01-1 Office of the Chief Medical Examiner Maryland, USA University of Coimbra, Portugal KL05 Victor Weedn (USA), Yeongsik Choi (Korea) 15:00-15:30 AUTOPSY BIOSAFETY AND THE DESIGN OF A BIOSAFETY LEVEL-3 MEDICAL EXAMINER AUTOPSY FACILITY Kurt Nolte Office of Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico, USA WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 14:00-15:30 SPECIAL SESSION 02 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) CHAIRPERSONS Ki-Wha Chung (Korea), Seung-Hwan Lee (Korea) SS02-1 14:00-14:30 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN FORENSIC DNA John M Butler 14:30-15:00 DNA ANALYSIS BY LAB-ON-A-CHIP TECHNOLOGY James P Landers, Joan Bienvenue University of Virginia, USA / Lockhead Applied Research Institute, USA SS02-3 15:00-15:30 APPLICATIONS OF MICROARRAY AND NGS TECHNOLOGIES TO MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION CHAIRPERSONS Stephen Cordner (Australia), JongTae Park (Korea) University of Michigan / Wayne County Medical Examiner, USA SS04-2 National Forensic Service, Korea Q&A 14:00-15:30 SPECIAL SESSION 03 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) CHAIRPERSONS 16:00-17:30 SPECIAL SESSION 05 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) John M Butler (USA), Hee-Joong Ahn (Korea) 14:00-14:30 FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO ROUTINE USE IN THE COURTROOM: ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISONS OF MATERIALS WITH LASER ABLATION INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY Jose Almirall SS05-1 14:30-15:00 THE USE OF TRACE EVIDENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS IN DETERMINATION OF SOURCE AND FATE OF POLLUTANTS Paul Philp University of Oklahoma, USA 15:00-15:30 INTRODUCTION TO THE NUCLEAR FORENSICS: CURRENT STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR FORENSIC SUPPORT SYSTEMS 16:00-16:30 MOVING BEYOND BUCCAL SAMPLES: EXPANDING THE UTILITY OF RAPID DNA TECHNOLOGY Julie French GE Healthcare, USA SS05-2 Florida International University, USA SS03-3 Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) CHAIRPERSONS Kornelia Nehse (Germany), Jisook Min (Korea) SS03-2 16:30-17:00 ACTIVITIES OF KOREA DVI AND PLAN FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN MASS DISASTER Nak-Eun Chung 17:00-17:30 Hanyang University, Korea SS03-1 16:00-16:30 INTERPRETATION OF POSTMORTEM TOXICOLOGY Carl J. Schmidt Seung Yong Hwang Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 16:00-17:30 SPECIAL SESSION 04 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) SS04-1 National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA SS02-2 Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, Korea 16:30-17:00 QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASURES FOR THE OPERATION OF A NATIONAL DNA DATABASE Timothy Zolandz Federal Bureau of Investigation, USA SS05-3 17:00-17:30 POPULATION STR SEQUENCING DATA IN DANES AND SOMALIS WITH THE ION PGM™ Niels Morling University of Copenhagen, Denmark Ho Bin Yim 035 WFF2014 Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 16:00-18:00 SPECIAL SESSION 06 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) CHAIRPERSONS Jame M. Curran (New Zealand), Mia Kwon (Korea) SS06-1 O 01-2 14:15-14:30 OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION Steven Johnson Executive Committee, The International Association for Identification, Hollywood, Fl, United States 16:00-16:30 FIBRE EVIDENCE AND EVALUATION OF FINDINGS THE BENEFITS OF MAPPING O 01-3 14:30-14:45 Kornelia Nehse INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN FORENSIC SCIENCES: STANDARDIZATION AND ACCREDITATION Forensic Science Institute Berlin/The Police President in Berlin – Landeskriminalamt, Kriminaltechnik, Germany Haluk Ince1, Yuksel Yazici2, Andreas Bedate Guitrez3, Pedro Manuel Garamendi4, Jos Toth5, Ipek Esen Melez6 Clinical Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Ministry of Justice, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Espana Department of Forensic Medicine, Madrid, Spain; 4Forensic Medicine, Huvelva Forensic Medicine, Huvelva, Spain; 5Forensic Science, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 6 Forensic Medicine, Bezmi Alem University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 SS06-2 16:30-17:00 IDENTIFICATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF COLORANTS IN FORENSIC CASEWORK Christopher Palenik Microtrace LLC, USA SS06-3 17:00-17:30 ANALYSIS OF PEDOLOGICAL TRACES IN FORENSIC PRACTICE Marek Kotrlý Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Czech Republic SS06-4 O 01-4 14:45-15:00 FORENSIC MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE FOR THE JUDICIARY John Coldrey 17:30-18:00 ADVANTAGES OF GC TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE ANALYSIS FOR FORENSIC APPLICATIONS Hans-Joachim Huebschmann Council, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia O 01-6 15:00-15:15 THE ANOMALY OF A MONOPOLY ; DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN FORENSIC MEDICAL SERVICES IN A COUNTRY WITH ONLY ONE FORENSIC INSTITUTE (A PERSPECTIVE) Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, Singapore Maya Furman-Reznic1, Chen Kugel2 208A (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 01 ETHIS/ LAW / EDUCATION/ QAQC (ELQ) : ETHICS LAW EDUCATION 208B (2F) CHAIRPERSONS Soong Deok Lee (Korea), Pierre Margot (Switzerland) O 01-1 14:00-14:15 100 YEARS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE EDUCATION THAT WENT WRONG? WHERE TO FROM HERE? Claude Roux1, Frank Crispino2, Olivier Ribaux3 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, Australia; 2Département Chimie-Biologie, Université Du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada; 3Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland 1 036 Forensic Medicine, Independant, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2Forensic Medicine, National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel 1 IAFS Oral Presentation 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 02FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) CHAIRPERSONS Dae-Kyoon Park (Korea), Candice Small (South Africa) O 02-1 14:00-14:15 ASSESSING SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND ALLOMETRY WITHIN A WHITE SOUTH AFRICAN SAMPLE USING GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICSASSESSING SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND ALLOMETRY WITHIN A WHITE SOUTH AFRICAN SAMPLE USING GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS Candice Small, Desiré Brits, Jason Hemingway WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa O 03-3 O 02-2 Shruti Gupta, Rakesh Garg, Surinder Nath 14:15-14:30 SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN FOOT LENGTH RATIOS AMONG NORTH INDIAN POPULATION Kewal Krishan1, Tanuj Kanchan1, Neelam Passi1 Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India 1 O 02-3 14:30-14:45 SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF THE MANDIBLE IN THE CONTEMPORARY CHINESE HAN POPULATION BY CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EVALUATION Hongmei Dong1, Mohong Deng2, Jiao Mu1, Ji Zhang1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; 2 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Key Lab for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 1 O 02-4 14:45-15:00 NEW APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SEX ESTIMATION: DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH POPULATION STANDARDS Oznur Gulhan, Karl Harrison Department of Engineering and Applied Science, Cranfield Forensic Institue, Swindon, United Kingdom O 02-6 14:15-14:30 ESTIMATION OF RANGE OF NATURAL VARIATIONS FOR SIZE AND PROPORTION OF LETTERS Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India O 03-4 14:30-14:45 A METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF HANDWRITTEN LINES USING WAVELET AND SUBSPACE METHOD Takeshi Furukawa Forensic Science Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Police Headquarters, Mito, Japan O 03-5 14:45-15:00 FORENSICS IN TORN PAPER PIECES - A CASE REPORT Meenakshi Mahajan1 Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Nr, Dharamshala, India; 2Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India 1 O 03-6 15:00-15:15 VERIFICATION ON HANDWRITING OF ENDANGERED PERSON Wang Yanling1, Xiaofeng Bai2 Forensic Science Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China; 2Document Examination, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China 1 15:00-15:15 209 (2F) 14:00-15:30 APPLICATION OF CRANIOMETRIC DATA IN ASSESSING ANCESTRAL RELATIONSHIPS OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN SRI LANKA – A PRELIMINARY STUDY Clifford Perera ORAL PRESENTATION 04 MASS DISASTER (MD) : GENERALS OF DVI, NEW METHODOLOGY OF DVI Dept. of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka Ananda Samarasekera (Sri Lanka), Kyungmoo Yang (Korea) CHAIRPERSONS O 04-1 204 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 03 QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD) : ANDWRITING CHAIRPERSONS Tadeusz Tomaszewski (Poland), Joong Lee (Korea) O 03-1 14:00-14:15 THE INTEGRATED SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO HUMAN IDENTIFICATION IN CHALLENGING CONTEXTS John Byrd1, Maria Delores Morcillo2, Michael Warren3, Thomas Holland1, Cristina Cattaneo4, Udo Krenzer5, Duarte Nuno Vieira6, Shuala Drawdy5, Luis Fondebrider7, Douglas Ubelaker8 Central Identification Laboratory, Department of Defense, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, USA, United States; 2Identification Coordinator, Committee on Missing Persons, Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus; 3C.A. Pound Human Identification Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; 4Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 5Forensic Services, International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, Switzerland; 6Forensic Medicine/Forensic Sciences, National Institute of Legal Medicine of Portugal, Coimbra, Portugal; 7Laboratory, Argentinian Forensic Anthropology 1 14:00-14:15 EXAMINATION TO A TYPICAL CASE OF INNERVARIATIONAL CHINESE HANDWRITING AND RELATIVE RESEARCH Li Bing, Huang Xu Key Laboratory For Evidence Law. (CUPL), Center Of Cooperative Innovation For Judicial Civilization,China, Beijing, China 037 WFF2014 Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 8Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States Korea (South) O 05-4 O 04-2 14:15-14:30 THE IMPORTANCE OF MUTUAL ASSISTANCE ON DVI OPERATIONS Anton R. Castilani Police Medicine, Centre for Medical and Health Services of the Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia O 04-3 14:30-14:45 ONE-PAGE ALL-PURPOSE FORM FOR MASS DISASTERS May Jennifer Apiado Health, State Department, New Jersey, United States O 04-5 14:45-15:00 A NEW APPROACH TO MASS DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION USING DIGITAL FORENSIC ANALYSIS Wook Kang1, Gyorae Jeong2 Pubic Administration, Korean National Police University, Yongin, Korea (South); 2Police Science, Korean National Police University, Yongin, Korea (South) 14:45-15:00 3D LASER SCANNING FOR CRIME AND ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION Craig Fries Forensic Engineering, Precision Simulations, Inc, Grass Valley, United States O 05-5 15:00-15:15 ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY BASED ANALYSIS OF MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC COLLISIONS OCCURRED IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL Mauricio S Sercheli1, Bruno Telles2, Charles A Andrade1, Nagao M Kawano1, Alexandre N Vicente1, Reynaldo M Soares1, Wilson X Camargo Filho1, Juliano A Gomes2 Instituto de Criminalística, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2Research Institute, Fundação de Peritos em Criminalística Ilaraine Acácio Arce - FPCIAA, Brasília, Brazil 1 1 210 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 05 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN / FIREARMS (ES/GF) : TRAFFIC ACCIDENT O 05-6 Hao Feng, Jian-Guo Chen, Ze-Feng Zhang Road Traffic Accident Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.c, Shanghai, China 208A (2F) CHAIRPERSONS Stephen Michielsen (USA) O 05-1 14:00-14:15 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF REAPPEARANCE FOR SUDDEN ACCELERATION INCIDENTS Sungji Park CHAIRPERSONS Bok Kyu Kwon (Korea), Carol Henderson (USA) O 06-1 O 05-2 Melissa Taylor1, Ralph Kleuskens2 ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION OF CENTERLINE CROSSING IN A TRACTOR-TRAILER TO MOTORCYCLE CRASH Jihun Choi, Jongchan Park, Songhee Kim, Wntek Oh Traffic Accident Analsis Divsion, NFS(National Forensic Sevice), wonju, Korea (South) O 05-3 14:30-14:45 THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRUSH SCANNING METHODS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLE COLLISION ACCIDENTS Inhwan Han, Heejin Kang Mechanical and Design Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 038 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 06 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ) : QCQA Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) 14:15-14:30 15:15-15:30 ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SPEED ESTIMATION BY VIDEO 16:00-16:15 THE STATE OF PROFICIENCY TESTS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCE COMMUNITY Forensic Science Program, Office of Science Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, United States; 2Department Quality & process management, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands 1 O 06-3 16:15-16:30 QUALITY ASSURANCE TO WARRANT THE "SCIENTIFICITY" OF FORENSIC SCIENCE: HOPE OR ILLUSION? Claude Roux1, Frank Crispino2, Olivier Ribaux3 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, Australia; 2Département Chimie-Biologie, Université Du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada; 3Ecole 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland O 07-4 O 06-4 Chengqing Tang 16:30-16:45 THE STUDY OF RECORDS OF MEDICAL MALPRACTICE IN THE FIELD OF NEUROLOGY IN MEDICAL COUNCIL ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN FROM 2005 TO 2012 Seyyed Shahabeddin Sadr1, Mohammadhassan Ghadiani2 Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of 1 O 06-6 16:45-17:00 IN FORENSIC SCIENCE WE TRUST? Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China O 07-5 Law, University of Northumbria, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom 16:00-18:00 17:00-17:15 THE INFLUENCE OF DECOMPOSITION FLUIDS ON THE DEGRADATION OF CLOTHING TEXTILES IN SOIL GRAVES Maiken Ueland, Shari L. Forbes, Barbara H. Stuart Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia O 07-6 Carole Mccartney 208B (2F) 16:45-17:00 ESTIMATION OF STATURE FROM FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS 17:15-17:30 A PITFALL OF RADIOCARBON ANALYSIS : BODIES EMBALMED BY FORMALDEHYDE Seung-Gyu Choi1, Ho-Hyeon Gong1, Sung-Jin Cho1, Hyung Nam Goo1, Jong-Pil Park2, Jiyoon Shin2, Yi-Suk Kim3, Dae-Kyoon Park4, U-Young Lee5, Nak-Eun Chung1 Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, National Forensic Service, Seoul Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Medical Examiner's Office, National Forensic Service, Seoul Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Anatomy, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Department of Anatomy and Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 ORAL PRESENTATION 07 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) CHAIRPERSONS Petra Urbanova (Czech Republic), Maiken Ueland (Australia) O 07-1 16:00-16:15 A NEW 3D LANDMARK REFERENCE DATABASE FOR SEX AND ANCESTRY ASSESSMENT IN HUMAN SKULLS Petra Urbanova1, Ann Ross2 Department of Anthropology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States 1 O 07-2 16:15-16:30 THE STAGING METHOD OF STERNAL END OF CLAVICLE EPIPHYSEAL GROWTH BY THIN LAYER CT SCAN AND IMAGING RECONSTRUCTION Ya-Hui Wang, Lei Wan, Chong-Liang Ying, Guang-You Zhu Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, China O 07-3 16:30-16:45 ASSESSING THE DISCRIMINATION OF HUMAN BONE FROM NON-HUMAN BONE USING BONE HISTOLOGY Hae-Joung Cho , Gil-Soo Kim , Su-Hwan Lee , Yi-Suk Kim 1, 2 1 1 2 Central Identification Laboratory, MND Agency for KIA Recovery and Identification, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic Anthropological Laboratory & Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 204 (2F) 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 08 QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD) : PAPER / INK / FORGERY CHAIRPERSONS Salih Cengiz (Turkey), Joong Lee (Korea) O 08-1 16:00-16:15 ALTERED UK ENTRY PERMITS Muna Alsuwaidi General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, Dubai Police Head Quarter, Dubai, United Arab Emirates O 08-2 16:15-16:30 ANALYZING THE RELATIVE AGE OF PAPER BY BIOTECHNOLOGY Meng Zhaoyang Liaoning Police Academy, Criminal Technology Department, Dalian, China 039 WFF2014 O 08-3 16:30-16:45 DEVELOPMENT OF INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING APPARATUS SUITABLE FOR DOCUMENT EXAMINATION Shigeru Sugawara1, Masaru Fujiwara2, Yo Suzuki2, Yoshihiko Nakayama3, Ichiro Ishimaru2 Fourth Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 2Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; 3Product Development Department, Aoi Electronics.co.,ltd., Takamatsu, Japan 1 O 08-4 16:45-17:00 CHEMICAL VARIABILITY OF MODERN DAY PEN INKS BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Andre Braz, Maria Lopez-Lopez, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engeneering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP) - University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain O 08-6 17:00-17:15 HOW MUCH CAN A FORENSIC LAB DO IN DISCRIMINATING BALLPOINT INKS? Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo, Qinghua Zhang, Che Xu Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China 209 (2F) 16:00-18:00 O 09-3 16:30-16:45 DO FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS EVALUATE THE AIR CRAFT TRAGEDY WHICH HAPPENED 15 YEARS BACK IN THE INDIAN OCEAN? Ananda Samarasekara1, Prasanna Dasanayake2, Amal Vadysinghe3, Uthpala Atygalle4, Muditha Vidanapathirana5, Hadun Wijewardena6 Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Nfth, Malambe, Sri Lanka; Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Base Hospital, Panadura, Sri Lanka; 3Senior Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; 4Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Ilmt, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 5Senior Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine, Jayawardenapura, Sri Lanka; 6Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Base Hospital, Embilipitiya, Sri Lanka 1 2 O 09-4 16:45-17:00 POSITIVE DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION IN JEDDAH FLOODS, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA: EXCEPTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE TEAMS Khalid Yousef Mattar1, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki1 Head of Forensic Medicine Department, Forensic Evidence Administration, Ministry of Interior, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Senior Forensic Medical Examiner, Jeddah Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1 O 09-5 17:00-17:15 DVI TEAM OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE Petr Bendl, Tomas Doubek, Petr Svarc ORAL PRESENTATION 09 MASS DISASTER (MD) : ROLE OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY IN DVI, CASES OF MASS DISASTER Dvi Team, Institution of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic CHAIRPERSONS ESTABLISHING CAUSE OF DEATH AND SURVIVAL TIME IN A SANTIAGO PRISON FIRE WITH MASS CASUALTIES Andres Patino (Colombia), Philip Beh (Hong Kong) O 09-1 16:00-16:15 THE IMPACT OF ASIAN TSUNAMI 2004 ON REDEFINING THE ROLE OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGIST IN MASS DISASTERS – SOUTH ASIAN STORY OF A DECADE Clifford Perera1, Christopher Briggs2, Stephen Cordner3 Dept. of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka; 2Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 3, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia 1 O 09-2 16:15-16:30 AUTOPSY IN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION - IS IT REALLY NECESSARY? Chen Kugel1, Maya Furman-Reznic2, Alon Krispin1, Ori Eytan1 Forensic Medicine, National Institute of Forensic Medicine, TelAviv, Israel; 2Forensic Medicine, Independant, Tel-Aviv, Israel 1 040 O 09-6 17:15-17:30 Luis Ravanal Zepeda Medical, Forenses Chile, Santiago, Chile O 09-7 17:30-17:45 MANMADE VERSUS NATURAL DISASTER: DIFFERENT IDENTIFICATION METHODS AND RESULT? Oktavinda Safitry Forensic and Medicolegal Studies Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 210 (2F) 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 10 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN / FIREARMS (ES/GF) : FORENSIC SCIENCE / FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVE CHAIRPERSONS Peter Zoon (Netherlands), Donghwan Kim (Korea) O 10-1 Feng Ji, Namrata Parekh, Stephen Michielsen Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States 16:15-16:30 FORENSIC DRONE: A NEW WEAPON IN THE BRAZILIAN CRIME SCENE Rodrigo Cerello, Rodrigo Mayrink, Carlos Alberto Trindade, Mauro Neves Departamento De Policia Federal, Setor Tecnico Cientifico, Belo Horizonte, Brazil O 10-3 16:30-16:45 THE EXPLOSIVES RESIDUE ANALYSIS BY ULTRA PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYQUADRUPOLE/TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY Hyung-Seung Kim Scientific Investigation Laboratory, MND Crime Investigation Command, Seoul, Korea (South) 14:00-15:30 CRIMINAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV - CRIMINALIZATION IN EU COUNTRIES Gabor Kovacs Department for Criminal Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, Gyor, Hungary P 01-6 16:00-16:15 A FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BLOODSTAIN PATTERNS ON TEXTILE MATERIALS O 10-2 P 01-5 14:00-15:30 DEVELOPMENT OF POLICE HIGHER EDUCATION IN CHINA Zhang Hongguo, Chen Lihong, Zhang Yanchun Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China P 01-7 14:00-15:30 PROVIDING FORENSICS TRAINING AND MENTORSHIP TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY Steven Johnson Forensics and Biometrics, Ideal Innovations, Inc., Arlington, Va, United States P 01-8 14:00-15:30 ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS’ AWARENESS OF THEIR RIGHTS IN TEACHING HOSPITALS IN IRAN Mehrzad Kiani, Shabnam Bazmi Medical Ethics Department, Faculty of Traditional Medicine -Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran -, Iran, Islamic Republic of P 01-14 14:00-15:30 Luis Ravanal Zepeda MANAGEMENT MODEL OF CHAIN OF CUSTODY FOCUSED ON IMPARTIALITY, INDEPENDENCE AND ETHICS Gustavo Costa Medical, Forenses Chile, Santiago, Chile Policia Federal, Ministerio Da Justiça, Belo Horizonte, Brazil O 10-4 16:45-17:00 ONE BULLET OR TWO? P 01-15 IAFS Poster Presentation Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 01 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ) P 01-3 14:00-15:30 RESEARCH ON EXPERIMENTAL TEACHING OF FORENSIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SPECIALTY IN POLICE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES Yi Jin Department of Trace Examination Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China 14:00-15:30 MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE AND STANDART OF CARE IN ENGLISH LAW: BOLAM AND BOLITHO TESTS Yasin Hasan Balcioglu, Filiz Ekim Cevik Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey P 01-16 14:00-15:30 DEATH ANXIETY IN STUDENTS OF STUDYING IN VARIOUS HEALTH PROGRAMS RELATED TO HEALTH PROFESSION Ayse Kurtulus1, Sevgi Ozkan2, Hulya Sorkun3, Abdullah Cem Sengul4, Kemalettin Acar1 Forensic Medicine, Pamukkale University Medical School, Denizli, Turkey; 2Gynaecology Nursing, Pamukkale University 1 041 WFF2014 Healthcare College, Denizli, Turkey; 3Medical Laboratory, Pamukkale University Healthcare Vocational School, Denizli, Turkey; 4Psychiatry, Pamukkale University Medical School, Denizli, Turkey Aliustaoglu2 P 01-17 P 01-23 14:00-15:30 ACADEMIC-SCIENTIFIC PROFILE OF THE BRAZILIAN FEDERAL POLICE'S SERVANTS WITH DOCTORATE Guilherme Henrique Braga De Miranda Forensic Medicine, Istanbul Üniversity Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Council Juctice of Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey 1 14:00-15:30 National Police Academy, Federal Police Department, Brasília, Brazil ETHICS, MEDICAL LAW, AND PROFESSIONALISM EDUCATION IN THE COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA Oktavinda Safitry P 01-18 Forensic and Medicolegal Studies Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 14:00-15:30 THE IBEROAMERICAN NETWORK OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND FORENSIC SCIENCES INSTITUTIONS Duarte Vieira1, Morris Tidball-Binz 2 Centre of Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 2Forensic Division, International Committee of Red Cross, Geneve, Switzerland 1 P 01-19 14:00-15:30 FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY IN UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL CURRICULUM IN INDIA: PAST, PRESENT AND THE FUTURE Prashantha Bhagavath, Haneil D'souza Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India P 01-20 14:00-15:30 EVALUATION OF FORENSIC SCIENCE AND CRIMINAL NEWS USING BUDD’S SCORE Merve Oren1, Cuneyt Cenger2, Yuksel Yazici3, Hulya Dogan1, Seyma Yenil1, Sadiye S Bag1, Yılmaz Yazici1, Zeynep Kırdı1, Atiye Sozen1, Suheyla Aliustaoglu1 Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 01-21 14:00-15:30 EVALUATION OF NEWS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN USING BUDD’S SCORE Cuneyt Cenger1, Yılmaz Yazici2, Ahmet Acar2, Atiye Sozen1, Ayse Demirel2, Yuksel Yazici3, Hulya Dogan2, Seyma Yenil2, Sadiye Bag2, Zeynep Kırdı2 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of JusticeMinistry, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 01-22 14:00-15:30 MALPRACTICE IN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORT Haluk Ince1, Yuksel Yazıcı2, Cuneyt Cenger1, Suheyla 042 P 01-24 14:00-15:30 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAFFIC FATALITY ACCIDENT IN ELDERLY MEDELLÍN, 2005 TO 2010 Ruben Manrique, Eliana Giraldo, Veronica Romero antioquia, Instituto nacional de Medicina Legal, Medellin, Colombia Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 02 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN / FIREARMS (ES/GF) P 02-1 14:00-15:30 THE RESEARCH OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON THE LETHALITY OF NONSTANDARD FIREARM Aoyang Yu Forensic Science Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 02-2 14:00-15:30 OCCUPANT INJURY SIMULATION MODEL DEVELOPMENT USING MADYMO ACTIVE HUMAN MODEL Seongjin Kim1, Woojeong Jeon1, Sungji Park2, Jongjin Park2, Jongchan Park3 Physics & Engineering Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South); 2Physics & Engineering Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 P 02-4 14:00-15:30 FORKLIFT SAFETY ACCIDENT ANALYSIS USING AN ACCELEROMETER Youngnae Lee1, Sungji Park2, Harin Cheong3 Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 1 2 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 3 Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) P 02-13 P 02-5 14:00-15:30 INFLUENCE OF RATES OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN ON DYNAMICS OF VIOLENT ENCROACHMENTS WITH FIREARMS APPLICATION Yuriy Kolossov1, Mete Korkut Gulmen2 14:00-15:30 THE FAILURE OF A BUNGEE DROP IN AN AMUSEMENT PARK Chan-Seong Park1, Hong-Keun Ji2, Eui-Soo Kim1, Dong-Gyu Lee1, Jeong-Woo Nam1, Jin-Pyo Kim1, Jae-Mo Goh3, Nam-Kyu Park1 Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakstan; 2Dept.of Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Divison of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Woon-ju, Korea (South); 2Physical Engineering Section, National Forensic Service Daejeon Agency, Daejeon, Korea (South); 3Gwang-ju Agency, National Forensic Service, Gwang-ju, Korea (South) P 02-6 P 02-14 1 14:00-15:30 DEFECT ANALYSIS OF DIE-CASTING ALUMINUM PAN USING 3D X-RAY CT Seunghun Sa, Changho Choi, Eunah Joo, Sungji Park, Jaegeun Oh, Jinpyo Kim 1 14:00-15:30 RESEARCH ON CONSTRUCTING DATA FILES OF THE VEHICLE TIRE TEXTURE Hanxin Zhang Physics Engineering, Seoul Institue/national Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R, China P 02-9 P 02-15 14:00-15:30 A PROCEDURE MODEL FOR EVALUATING CHANGE OF VEHICLE AND DRIVER & PASSENGER'S INJURY IN LOW-SPEED REAR IMPACT Yongmin Ha, Hongseok Lee, Jihun Choi, Wontaek Oh, Hasun Park, Myoungcheol Park, Songhee Kim, Jongchan Park Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 02-10 14:00-15:30 DISTRIBUTION OF INORGANIC GUNSHOT RESIDUE(GSR) PARTICLES IN TERMS OF DISTANCE, DIRECTION AND WIND VELOCITY USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY/ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROMETRY(SEM/EDS) Won-Seok Park, Bong-Hwan Lim Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Command, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South) P 02-11 14:00-15:30 QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF STRIATED TOOLMARKS Peter Zoon, Martin Baiker, Rene Pieterman, Isaac Keereweer 14:00-15:30 RESEARCH ON VEHICLE TIRE BLOWOUT IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China, China P 02-17 14:00-15:30 STUDY ON TRAFFIC ACCIDENT ANALYSIS USING DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH DATA Jong Jin Park1, Sung Ji Park1, Jong Chan Park2 Physics & Engineering Division, Seoul institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 P 02-18 14:00-15:30 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY OF PEDESTRIAN CRASHES IN FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL Bruno Telles1, Maurício Sercheli1, Charles Andrade2, Nagao Kawano2, Reynaldo Soares2, Alexandre Vicente2, Wilson Camargo2, Juliano Gomes1 Microtraces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Reseach, Fundação De Peritos Em Criminalística Ilaraine Acácio Arce, Brasília (Df), Brazil; 2Instituto De Criminalística, Polícia Civil Do Distrito Federal, Brasília (Df), Brazil P 02-12 P 02-19 14:00-15:30 1 14:00-15:30 TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Woojeong Jeon, Seongjin Kim, Byungseon Moon PATTERN ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE - A NOVEL APPROACH TO ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION Don Hennry Lalithsiry Welansias Jayamanne Physics & Engineering Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Deputy Government Analyst, Government Analyst’s Department, 043 WFF2014 P 03-11 31, Isuru Mawatha, Pelawatta, Sri Lanka Auditorium Lobby (3F) 16:00-18:00 16:00-18:00 THE FEATURES OF CHINESE CHARACTER SIGNATURE AND ITS APPLICATION IN FORENSIC PRACTICE Xu Yang POSTER PRESENTATION 03 - QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD) Department of Criminalistcs, Institute of Forensic Science,ministry of Justice P.r. China, Shanghai, China P 03-3 P 03-13 16:00-18:00 EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS ON WIDTH, GRAY SCALE AND RADIAN IN CHINESE SIGNATURES Xiaohong Chen Criminal Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 03-4 16:00-18:00 APPLYING HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPTLC) AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY IN COMBINATION WITH PAPER CHARACTERISTIC MEASURMENT TO DETECT AGING DOCUMENT Hoang Manh Hung Research, Institute of Forensic Science Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam P 03-5 16:00-18:00 16:00-18:00 THE COMIC AND HUMAN BODY TATTOO HANDWRITING EXAMINATION Wang Yanling1, Xiaofeng Bai2 Forensic Science Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China; 2Document Examination, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China 1 P 03-14 16:00-18:00 RESEARCH ON KOREAN HANDWRITING ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT BETWEEN LAYPEOPLE AND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINERS Tae-Yi Kang Digtial Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju-Si, Korea (South) PROBLEMS WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PENS IN COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY IN EGYPT : A CASE STUDY Yasser Askar P 03-16 Forgery and Counterfeiting, Medico-Legal Institute, Assiut, Egypt Criminalistics, Institue of Forensic Science, Ministy of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China P 03-7 16:00-18:00 ARTIFICIAL AGING OF PURE INK DYE CRISTAL VIOLET AND RELATIONS WITH NATURAL INK AGING Salih Cengiz1, Dilek Salkim Islek1, Esra Isat1, Burak Hasim Gungor1, Huseyin Cimsit2 Basic Sciences, Institute of Forensic Sciences,istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Cimsit, Law Co. Barbaros Bul. 16 Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 03-8 16:00-18:00 FORENSIC CLASSIFICATION OF BLACK GEL INKS USING OPTICAL AND SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES Yiwen Luo, Che Xu, Qiran Sun P 03-17 16:00-18:00 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE INDIVIDUALITIES OF MONOCHROMIC LASER PRINTERS BASED ON BANDING FEATURES Ning Liu1, George Chiu2, Chuntao Chen1, Daozhong Lv1 Department of Forensic Science, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States 1 16:00-18:00 RESEARCH ON THE TRACKING CODES OF COMMON COLOR LASER PRINTED DOCUMENTS Nan Wang, Xu Yang P 03-20 Department of Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Qinghua Zhang, Xu Yang, Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo, Yachen Wang, Che Xu P 03-9 Criminalisitics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China 16:00-18:00 IDENTIFICATION THE SEQUENCE OF LASER PRINTING AND STAMP BY THE GOLD-YELLOW MARK CHARACTERISTIC Li Jiangchun Detective Department, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, China 044 16:00-18:00 DISCRIMINATION OF BLACK TONERS USING FT-IR COMBINED WITH CHEMOMETRICS P 03-21 16:00-18:00 WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE COMPONENT ANALYSIS Masaru Fujiwara1, Wei Qi1, Yo Suzuki1, Satsuki Hosono1, WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Pradeep.k.w. Abeygunawardhana1, Satoru Suzuki1, Shigeru Sugawara3, Akira Nishiyama2, Kenji Wada2, Ichirou Ishimaru1 Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; 3 Fourth Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan 1 2 P 03-23 16:00-18:00 DISTINGUISHING AND EXAMINATION OF CHINESE CHARACTERS’ TRANSCRIPTION HANDWRITING AND IMITATION HANDWRITING Lan Heng Institute of Forensic Science Tianjin Public Security Bureau, Questioned Documents Department, Tianjin, China P 03-26 16:00-18:00 UNDERSTANDING (COMPUTER) QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ON HANDWRITING IDENTIFICATION CORRECTLY Xiaofeng Bai Document Examination, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China P 03-27 16:00-18:00 APPLICATION OF SPECTRAL IMAGING AND RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT EXAMINATION IN THE FORENSIC STUDY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS INVOLVING CHANGED HANDWRITING WRITTEN BY BLACK CARBONACEOUS GEL INK Wei Han, Jiantong Huang, Yusheng Zhang Institute of Forensic Science, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China P 03-28 16:00-18:00 APPLICATION OF ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSOPY (ATRFTIR) FOR THE SIMPLE IDENTIFICATION OF COUTERFEIT VIAGRA® AND CIALIS® TABLETS Kown-Chul Noh2, Yun-Sik Nam1, Kang-Bong Lee1 Advance Analysis Center, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 A CASE REPORT Meenakshi Mahajan1 Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Northern Range, Dharamshala, India; 2Education, Govt. College, Sanjouli, Shimla, India; 3Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India 1 P 03-31 16:00-18:00 INDIVIDUALITY OF ADOLESCENT HANDWRITING THAT APPEAR TO BE SIMILAR Chiew Yung Yang, Chin-Chin Lim Forensic Science, The Forensic Experts Group, Singapore P 03-32 16:00-18:00 USE OF GRAPHOLOGY IN VARIOUS PROFESSIONS WITH THE INCLUSION OF FORENSIC SCIENCES AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTISE Filiz Ekim Cevik, Huseyin Cakan, Murat Ogdur Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 03-34 16:00-18:00 TOF-SIMS IMAGING AND DEPTH PROFILING OF PEN INKS, RED SEALING INKS, AND LASER TONERS ON QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS Jihye Lee, Seon Hee Kim, Kang-Bong Lee, Yeonhee Lee Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South) P 03-35 16:00-18:00 THE BRAZILIAN DOCUMENTS EXAMINATION KNOWLEDGE TREE BASED ON THE GRADUATE PAPER OF THE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY - 2012 AND 2014 Guilherme Henrique Braga De Miranda, Gilson Matilde Diana National Police Academy, Federal Police Department, Brasília, Brazil P 03-36 16:00-18:00 NONAQUEOUS CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS FOR HIGH SENSITIVE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DYES IN HANDWRITING INKS Seung-Hoon Bahng1, Tae-Myung Sung1, Moonhee Park3, Hyunho Lee2, Seong Ho Kang2 IDFS, CIC, Seoul, Korea, Korea (South); 2Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Kihung, Korea, Korea (South); 3Graduate School,Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Kihung, Korea (South) 1 P 03-29 16:00-18:00 THE STATISTICAL STUDIES OF THE COLLECTIVE EXPERIMENT ON HANDWRITINGS OF SAME GENDER RELATIVES Peng Xie, Jing Qin China Questioned Document Examinations, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 03-30 16:00-18:00 FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF VERMILLION WRITINGS: P 03-38 16:00-18:00 COMPUTER MEASUREMENT TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS OF HANDWRITING AND SIGNATURES -GLOBALGRAF II PROGRAMME PACKAGE Mieczysaw Goc, Tadeusz Tomaszewski, Marek Miron, Andrzej Łuszczuk, Krystyn Łuszczuk 045 WFF2014 Dokument Examination Unit, Polish Forensic Association, Poland P 03-39 16:00-18:00 TYPES OF FORGERIES ON VISAS Sunil Ariya Batakandage Government Examiner of Questioned Documents, Government Analyst’s Department, Pelawatta, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka Auditorium Lobby (3F) 16:00-18:00 POSTER PRESENTATION 04 - OTHERS P 04-1 Bogdan Malinescu1, Mariana Rosu2, Constantin Vlagioiu3, Iuliana Piciorus4, Victorita Stefanescu5 Head of the Institution, Ilfov Medico-Legal Service, Bucharest, Romania; 2Department of Antropology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 3Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania; 4Department of Radiology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 5Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Dunarea De Jos" University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Galati, Romania 1 P 05-5 16:00-18:00 SUICIDE BY SUMERSION TIED TO A BICYCLE Khalid Jaber 16:00-18:00 A TEST OF THE FORDISC SOFTWARE ON MODERN KOREAN MANDIBLES Helen Cho1, Kyung-Seok Hu2, Hee-Jin Kim2 Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Department of Anthropology, Davidson College, Davidson, Nc, United States; 2Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (South) P 04-2 P 05-6 1 16:00-18:00 THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIME LABORATORY DIRECTORS "TO PROMOTE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIME LABORATORY LEADERS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD BY FACILITATING COMMUNICATION AMONG MEMBERS, SHARING CRITICAL INFORMATION, PROVIDING RELEVANT TRAINING, PROMOTING CRIME LABORATORY ACCREDITATION, AND ENCOURAGING SCIENTIFIC AND MANAGERIAL EXCELLENCE IN THE GLOBAL FORENSIC COMMUNITY Brady Mills, Jody Wolf American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors, Austin TX, United States P 04-3 16:00-18:00 THE INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Alastair Ross SMANZFL, Australia P 04-4 16:00-18:00 INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC STRATEGIC ALLIANCE (IFSA) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENTS Brady Mills, Jody Wolf ASCLD, USA Auditorium Lobby (3F) 16:00-18:00 POSTER PRESENTATION 05 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) P 05-4 046 MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE SKULLS BY MOIRÉ CONTOUROGRAPHY Dae-Kyoon Park1, Jae-Woo Kang4, Jin-Whan Ryu4, Duk-Soo Kim1, Kyungho Park1, U-Young Lee2, Yi-Suk Kim3 Department of Anatomy, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, Catholic University, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4NICE, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Korea (South) 1 P 05-7 16:00-18:00 16:00-18:00 SEX DETERMINATION USING 3D IMAGE FROM THE MEDIAL AND LATERAL CONDYLES OF THE FEMUR Deog-Im Kim1, Dai-Soon Kwak2, Seung-Ho Han3 Department of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 05-9 16:00-18:00 A TAPHONOMIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF HUMAN BODY DECOMPOSITION IN AEROBIC CONDITIONS: A CONTRIBUTION OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY TO CEMETERIES MANAGEMENT Maria Gama, Duarte Vieira, Maria Ferreira Centre of Forensic Sciences (CENCIFOR), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal P 05-10 BEAR PAW OR HUMAN HAND? FORENSIC METHODS OF DIFFERENTIATION 16:00-18:00 16:00-18:00 THE APPLICATION OF REDUCTION TECHNIQUE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE BONES IDENTIFICATION AT LABORATORY OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY FROM CEMEL/FMRP-USP WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil P 05-11 16:00-18:00 RECORDING BOOK FOR INDIGENTS AND UNKNOWN DECEASED AT CEMEL/FMRP-USP, BRAZIL: HOW A SIMPLE CARE CAN HELP RELATIVES TO FIND MISSED PEOPLE Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil P 05-12 16:00-18:00 MICROSCOPIC RESIDUES OF BONE FROM DISSOLVING HUMAN REMAINS IN ACIDS University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences-Legal Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 3 Service of Anatomy Pathology, Hospital S. Francesco, Nuoro, Italy P 05-16 16:00-18:00 GLYCOSYLATED PROTEINS PRESERVED OVER MILLENNIA: N-GLYCAN ANALYSIS OF TYROLEAN ICEMAN, SCYTHIAN PRINCESS AND WARRIOR Bum Jin Kim, Hyun Joo An Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) P 05-18 16:00-18:00 IDENTIFICATION OF 60 YEARS OLD SKELETON IN THE GRAVEYARD, BY MEANS OF ORTHOPEDIC SCREW IMPLANTS Djaja Surya Atmadja1, Evi Untoro2 Microtraces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Instalation of Forensic Medicine, Sentra Medika Cibinong Hospital, Bogor, Indonesia P 05-13 P 05-19 Peter Zoon, Erwin Vermeij, Reza Gerretsen, Mayonne Van Wijk 16:00-18:00 EXECUTION AND HIDING CRIMES OF BODIES IN SUGARCANE IN THE CITY OF RIBEIRAO PRETO - SAO PAULO/BRAZIL Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Moacyr Lobo Costa Jr., Marco Aurelio Guimaraes 1 16:00-18:00 SUCCESSFULNESS OF AN IDENTIFIED DEAD BODY FROM THE SILICONE NUMBER Narttida Susri, Pol. Capt Rachadaporn Mornmoung Bureau of Missing Person Identification, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil P 05-14 16:00-18:00 RADIOLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SKELETAL REMAINS FOUND IN SARDINIAN 'SUPRAMONTE' USING MULTISLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY Valentina Piredda1, Maurizio Conti2, Stefano Profili3, Giuseppe Manzoni2, Gian Battista Meloni2, Francesco Meloni3, Elena Mazzeo1 Department of Biomedical Sciences- Legal Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Diagnostic Imaging, Radiotherapy and Neuroradiology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 3Service of Radiology, Hospital SS. Annunziata, Sassari, Italy 1 P 05-15 16:00-18:00 FLUMINEDDU'S CAVE BONES IN SARDINIAN 'SUPRAMONTE' (ITALY): A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR THEIR IDENTIFICATION Martina Focardi1, Valentina Piredda2, Vindice Mingioni3, Elena Mazzeo2 Department of Health Sciences-Forensic Sciences Section, 1 047 WFF2014 October 16 (Thursday) Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) SPECIAL SESSION 09 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) - IOFOS SESSION IAFS Special Session Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) 09:00-10:30 SPECIAL SESSION 07 FINGERPRINT/SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR) CHAIRPERSONS Michael Grabber (USA), Yong Chul Park (Korea) SS07-1 09:00-09:30 DIFFERING CONCLUSIONS Won Boon Park 09:30-10:00 PALM-PRINT SYSTEM IN JAPAN Tsutomu Kiryu 10:00-10:30 COMPARISON AND SEARCH METHODOLOGIES FOR LATENT PALM PRINTS Aimee Qulia 09:00-09:10 WELCOME SPEECH Chong-Youl Kim Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Korea 09:10-09:40 DENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FROM MASS GRAVES Hrvoje Brkic University of Zagreb, Croatia 09:40-10:10 DENTAL AGE ESTIMATION STUDIES SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEWED Patrick Thevissen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Belgium SS09-3 10:10-10:40 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION THE DUBAI DISASTER 1972 AND LATER DEVELOPMENT OF DVI Tore Solheim FBI, USA Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) Chong-Youl Kim (Korea), Vilma Pinchi (Italy) SS09-2 National Police Agency of Japan, Japan SS07-3 CHAIRPERSONS SS09-1 Public Safety / King County Sheriff’s Office, USA SS07-2 09:00-10:40 09:00-10:30 Dental Faculty of Oslo, Norway SPECIAL SESSION 08 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) CHAIRPERSONS Dawnie Steadman (USA), Nak-Eun Chung (Korea) SS08-1 09:00-09:30 SPECIAL SESSION 10 FINGERPRINT/SCENE INVESTIGATION (SI) RECENT ADVANCES IN FIRENSIC ANTHRO POLOGY Douglas H Ubelaker CHAIRPERSONS Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History, USA SS10-1 SS08-2 09:30-10:00 THE ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL COMMINGLE REMAINS, A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH Luis Fondebrider EAAF(Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team), Argentina 10:00-10:30 Q&A Jin W. Kim (Korea), Jinseong Cheong (Korea) 11:00-11:30 APPLYING THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD TO FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS Brian Yamashita Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canada SS10-2 11:30-12:00 THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS Ross Gardner Bevel, Gardner, and Associates, USA SS10-3 CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Henry Lee 048 11:00-15:00 12:00-12:30 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Vilma Pinchi Scientific Services for the State of Connecticut, USA SS10-4 14:00-14:30 FBI EVIDEBCE RESPONSE TEAM APPROACH TO CRIME SCENE MANAGEMENT Michael Grabber University of Florence – I.O.F.O.S, Italy 12:00-12:30 Q&A FBI, USA Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) 14:30-15:00 Q&A 16:00-17:00 SPECIAL SESSION 13 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ) CHAIRPERSONS Anja Einseln (USA), EunMi Kim (Korea) Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 11:00-12:30 SPECIAL SESSION 11 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) Helen Cho (USA), Dae-Kyoon Park (Korea) Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea 11:00-11:30 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY IN INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC HUMAN RIGHTS INVESTIGATIONS Dawnie Steadman 11:30-12:00 MICROANALYSIS OF INVASIVE TRAUMAS: AN INTEGRATED MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH INTO MANNER OF DEATH Reza Gerretsen, Peter D. Zoon Netherlands Forensic Istitute, Netherlands Q&A 11:00-12:30 CHAIRPERSONS Chang-Lyuk Yoon (Korea), Herman Bernitz (South Africa) 11:00-11:30 DOES THE HUMAN DENTITION HAVE TO BE UNIQUE FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF BITE MARK ANALYSIS? Herman Bernitz University of Pretoria, South Africa SS12-2 ASCLD-LAB, USA Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 14:00-15:30 SPECIAL SESSION 14 - MASS DISASTER (MD) Mohd Shah Mahmood (Malaysia), Chang-Lyuk Yoon (Korea) SS14-1 SPECIAL SESSION 12 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) - IOFOS SESSION SS12-1 16:30-17:00 CHAIRPERSONS 12:00-12:30 Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) SS13-2 WHY TEN GRAMS OF PREVENTION IS WORTH A KILOGRAM OF CURE WHEN TALKING ABOUT ETHICS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: GOOD PRACTICES AND UNFORTUNATE DISASTERS Anja Einseln The University of Tennessee, USA SS11-2 16:00-16:30 FORENSIC SCIENCE AND LEGALIZATION – LESSON FROM CRIMINAL DNA DB IN KOREA Soong Deok Lee CHAIRPERSONS SS11-1 SS13-1 AUSTRALIAN DVI SYSTEM AND MULTI-NATIONAL COOPERATION IN DVI Stephen Cordner Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Australia SS14-2 11:30-12:00 14:30-15:00 HUMANITARIAN FORENSIC ACTION FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FROM ARMED CONFLICTS AND CATASTROPHES Morris Tidball-Binz International Committee of the Red Cross, Switzerland SS14-3 EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATION IN FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY 14:00-14:30 15:00-15:30 DVI IN AFRICA AND CHALLENGES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Uwom O Eze 049 WFF2014 University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan and African Society of Forensic Medicine (ASFM), Nigeria Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority, Egypt 3WFS-4 Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 16:00-17:30 SPECIAL SESSION 15 - MASS DISASTER (MD) CHAIRPERSONS Anton Castilani (Indonesia), James Kalougivaki (Fiji) SS15-1 16:00-16:30 DEVELOPMENT OF DVI SYSTEM FOR SRI LANKA CURRENT STATE OF FORENSIC IN NIGIRIA : POTENTIAL SCIENCES YET UNREALIZED Uwom Eze University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan and African Society of Forensic Medicine (ASFM), Nigeria 3WFS-5 08:20-08:30 CURRENT STATE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN IRAN Ananda Samarasekera Arash Okazi Faculty of Medicine, South Asain Institute of Technology and Medicine, Sri Lanka Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran SS15-2 PANEL DISCUSSION 16:30-17:00 08:10-08:20 3WFS-5 08:30-09:00 THE MALAYSIAN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION EXPERIENCE: PROJECTING DVI COOPERATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA Mohd Shah Mahmood AAFS Scientific Session I National Institute of Forensic Medicine SS15-3 Auditorium (3F) 17:00-17:30 PROVIDING FORENSIC EXPERTISE&NBSP;TO RESPOND RAPIDLY TO MAN-MADE MASS DISASTERS Andras Vamos-Goldman 08:25-17:45 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSION I FORENSIC SCIENCE AND EMERGING LEGAL POLICY CHAIRPERSONS Daniel A. Martell (USA) Justice Rapid Response, Switzerland O 56-1 08:30-08:45 FORENSIC POLICY IN THE U.S. 3rd World Forensic Sciences Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) Victor W. Weedn 07:40-09:00 CHAIRPERSONS O 56-2 Sherin S. Ghaleb (Egypt), Nak-Eun Chung (Korea) 3WFS-1 07:40-07:50 CURRENT STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INDONESIA DELIVERY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES IN NORTH AMERICA: TWO CONCEPTUAL MODELS Douglas Lucas1, Barry Fisher2 Burlington, Ontario, Canada; 2Indio, CA, United States O 56-3 Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Indonesia 07:50-08:00 Carol Henderson Ogail El Nour Sewar El Dahab Stetson University, Gulfport, FL, United States Arab Union of Forensic Physicians, Sudan O 56-4 08:00-08:10 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN EGYPT Magdy kharoshah 050 09:15-09:30 THE FUTURE RELATIONSHIP OF LAW AND FORENSIC SCIENCE: A COLLABORATIVE MODEL CURRENT STATE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN SUDAN 3WFS-3 08:45-09:15 1 Djaja Surya Atmadja 3WFS-2 George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States 09:30-09:45 ERROR REPORTING: REPLACING BLAME WITH SOLUTIONS Steven D. Benjamin, Betty Layne DesPortes Benjamin & DesPortes, PC, Richmond, VA, United States WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 56-5 09:45-10:00 AN ATTORNEY’S VIEW OF BITE MARK ADMISSIBILITY IN UNITED STATES COURTS Stuart A. Caplan1, Howard Kaufman2 University of Tennessee School of Dentistry, Memphis, TN, United States; 2Boca Raton, FL, United States 1 ROMANIAN URBAN TERRITORY Lavinia Iancu1, Cristina Purcarea2 Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History, Romania; Institute of Biology of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania 1 2 O 56-12 O 56-6 10:00-10:15 THE NAS REPORT: A PATH FORWARD FOR STRENGTHENING FORENSIC SCIENCE IN THE WORLD? Duarte N. Vieira Full Professor of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences University of Coimbra; President of the European Council of Legal Medicine; Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court Coimbra, Portugal Forensic Research & Analysis, Portland, OR, United States; Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark 1 2 O 56-13 12:00-12:15 INJURIES ARISING FROM GLASS DRINKING VESSELS USED IN STABBING AND SLASHING ATTACKS S.V. Hainsworth, R. Pitchford, R.W. Earp, S.J. Hamilton, G.N. Rutty TERRORISM AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY CHAIRPERSONS Daniel A. Martell (USA) O 56-7 11:45-12:00 AN UNUSUAL CASE OF COMMOTIO CORDIS .. SIDE IMPACT AIRBAG (CSI?) Michael D. Freeman2, Paul Cahn1 University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom 10:15-10:30 EVALUATING A BOSNIAN WAR CRIMINAL FOR THE WORLD COURT IN THE HAGUE Daniel A. Martell MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES IN FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION Park Dietz & Associates, Newport Beach, CA, United States Betty Layne DesPortes (USA) CHAIRPERSONS O 56-14 ADVANCES IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION CHAIRPERSONS Daniel A. Martell (USA) O 56-8 10:45-11:00 CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Henry C. Lee O 56-9 11:00-11:15 THE EXAMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL FORENSIC EVIDENCE ON EXHIBITS AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Jane Moira Taupin Forensic Consultant, Melbourne, Australia O 56-10 11:15-11:30 LIKELIHOOD RATIOS IN SUB-OPTIMAL DNA PROFILES Jane Moira Taupin 11:30-11:45 COLD SEASON FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL MODEL ON 14:15-14:30 DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION ANALYSIS AS APPLIED TO MANDIBULAR METRICS AND MORPHOLOGY TO ASSESS POPULATION AFFINITY IN ASIA Gregory E. Berg, Jennie R.R. Jin JPAC-CIL, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, United States O 56-16 14:30-14:45 ALTERED AGE ESTIMATIONS IN POPULATIONS WITH PRIMARY IGF-1D Joan Fox, DDS Phoenix, AZ, United States O 56-17 Forensic Consultant, Melbourne, Australia O 56-11 Forensic Research & Training Center, West Haven, CT, United States O 56-15 Forensic Research & Training Center, West Haven, CT, United States 14:00-14:15 FINGERNAIL BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION Henry C. Lee 14:45-15:00 APPLICATION OF STABLE ISOTOPE FORENSICS FOR DETERMINING GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN OF UNKNOWN HUMAN REMAINS FROM ASIA Gregory Berg1, Eric J. Bartelink2, Lee Suhwan3 051 WFF2014 JPAC-CIL, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, United States; California State University, Chico, Chico, CA, United States; 3 Ministry of National Defense Agency for KIA Recovery and Identification, Seoul, South Korea 1 2 O 56-18 15:00-15:15 RELIABILITY AND CONFIDENCE OF FINGERPRINT FEATURES SELECTION Shiquan Liu1, Luo Yaping,1 Glenn M. Langenburg2 People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing, China; Minnesota State Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, Saint Paul, MN, United States 1 2 O 56-19 15:15-15:30 BITEMARK ANALYSIS IN HUNGARY AS A RESULT OF ALIGNED EDUCATION, COOPERATIVE LEARNING, AND INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY Ajang Armin Farid Semmelweis Medical University, Budapest, Hungary O 56-20 15:30-15:45 THE IMPACT OF MODIFIED EXTRACTION METHODS ON THE RECOVERY OF DNA FROM SKELETONIZED REMAINS RETURNED FROM THE DPRK – IS THERE REGIONAL VARIABILITY? S.M. Edson1, S.R. Ah Sam2 Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, 115 Purple Heart Drive, DAFB, DE 19902 2Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command – Central Identification Laboratory, 310 Worchester Ave., Joint Base Pearl Harbor – Hickam, HI 96853, United States 1 O 56-21 A REALITY SHOW: YOU ARE GOING TO BE AN EXPERT WITNESS Haskell M. Pitluck Crystal Lake, IL, United States O 56-24 Thomas W. Young Heartland Forensic Pathology, LLC, Kansas City, MO, United States R1 (3F) 14:00-17:00 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSION II ADVANCES IN FORENSIC BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE CHAIRPERSONS Victor W. Weedn (USA) O 57-1 14:00-14:15 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON CONTEMPORANEOUS TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY EVALUATIONS Daniel A. Martell Park Dietz & Associates, Newport Beach, CA, United States O 57-2 14:15-14:30 FORENSIC LINGUISTICS Carole E. Chaski ALIAS Technology, LLC, Institute for Linguistic Evidence Georgetown, DE, United States 16:00-16:15 THE EFFECT OF SOFT TISSUE ON EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE PREDICTION FROM BURNT BONE Sarah Ellingham, Tim Thompson, Meez Islam, Gillian Taylor O 57-3 Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom New Haven, CT, United States O 56-22 16:45-17:00 A LITTLE LESSON IN LOGIC 16:15-16:30 14:30-14:45 DIMINISHING THE DEATH PENALTY John L. Young O 57-4 14:45-15:00 ASSESSING DNA QUALITY, QUANTITY, AND INHIBITION USING A HIGHLY SENSITIVE MULTIPLEX QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR FORENSIC SAMPLES Jesse Ramirez, BS1, Gina Pineda, HS2, Anne Montgomery, MS2, Robyn Thompson, MS2, Sudhir Sinh, Ph D2, Ryan Yee, BS1, Zach Goecker, BS1, Stephen Lee, Ph D1 DETECTING MALINGERING WITH THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States; 2 InnoGenomics Technologies, New Orleans, LA, United States TECHNOLOGIC ADVANCES ON CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION STANDARDS 1 Laura Muscatello1, Annabella Alice Pozzoli2 1Reggio Emilia, Italy; 2Legnano, Italy O 57-5 15:00-15:15 Victor W. Weedn George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States EXPERT WITNESSES Betty Layne DesPortes (USA) O 56-23 052 O 57-6 16:30-16:45 15:15-15:30 TRENDS IN LICIT AND ILICIT DRUG-RELATED DEATHS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 IN FLORIDA 2001 TO 2012 Dayong Lee, Chris Delcher, Mildred M. Maldonado-Molina, Lindsay A. Bazydlo, Bruce A. Goldberger University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States ADVANCES IN DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA EVIDENCE CHAIRPERSONS Marcel van der Steen Chairman R&D Standing Committee O 58-4 15:45-16:00 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN FORENSIC MULTIMEDIA EVIDENCE Zeno J. Geradts Kornelia Nehse 17:30-18:00 OPEN PANEL DISCUSSION – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Netherlands Forensic Institute, Ministry of Justice, Den Haag, SH, Netherlands O 57-8 Sarasota County Sheriff’s Office, Sarasota, FL, United States 16:15-16:30 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE INDIVIDUALIZES OF MONOCHROMIC LASER PRINTERS Ning Liu1, George Chiu2, Chuntao Chen1, Daozhong Lv1 Department of Forensic Science, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States 1 O 58-1 14:00-18:00 14:00-14:45 THE ENFSI STRATEGY AND THE CREATION OF A EUROPEAN FORENSIC SCIENCE AREA Üllar Lanno Chairman of the Board of ENFSI O 58-2 203B (2F) 14:45-15:30 TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL QUALITY STANDARDS – THE ENFSI VIEW Ralph Kleuskens Vice Chairman Quality and Competence Standing Committee of ENFSI O 58-3 16:00-16:45 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT – FUTURE 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 11 - FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) CHAIRPERSONS Mete Korkut Gülmen (Turkey), Bong Woo Lee (Korea) O 11-1 09:00-09:15 A NEW METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE TIME SINCE DEATH IN HUMAN BODIES FOUND DECOMPOSING AND PUTREFYING Jarvis Hayman, Marc Oxenham School of Anthropology & Archaeology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia O 11-2 ENFSI Session Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) IAFS Oral Presentation 16:00-16:15 THE APPLICATION OF SPECIALIZED PHOTOGRAPHY Michael E. Gorn O 57-9 16:45-17:30 ENFSI - WORKING GROUPS – 1000 PROFESSIONALS Chairman Working Group Victor W. Weedn (USA) O 57-7 TRENDS IN FORENSICS 09:15-09:30 HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY TO CORRELATE FATAL DELIBERATE SELF-HARM AND PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE Haneil Dsouza1, Francis Monteiro2, Prashantha Bhagavath1, Shaila Bhat3, G Pradeep Kumar1 Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College-Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India; 2Forensic Medicine, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India; 3Pathology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, India 1 O 11-3 09:30-09:45 MYOCARDITIS-INDUCED DEATHS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 2474 CONSECUTIVE POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS PERFORMED IN TWO MAIN ITALIAN CITIES DURING THE DECADE 2003-2012 Alessandro Bonsignore1, Sara Sblano1, Eloisa Maselli1, Francesco Ventura2, Francesco De Stefano2, Alessandro Dell' Erba1, Massimo Colonna1 DIM - Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; 1 053 WFF2014 Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy 2 Avantika Sarkar1, Uwom Eze2 Advocate, High Court, Calcutta, India; 2Forensic Pathologist, Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria 1 O 11-4 09:45-10:00 NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND MODERN MEDICINE Yung Chung O 12-6 10:00-10:15 Medical Examiner, Lenawee County Medical Examiner's Office, Adrian, United States CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) IN FRANCE AND IN EUROPE A COMPARATIVE STUDY R. Hammani, Eric Baccino, P. Cathala, P. A Peyron O 11-5 Service de Médecine Légale, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France 10:00-10:15 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE MULTI-PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION FOR THE ESTIMATION MODEL OF POSTMORTEM INTERVAL WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Hongyang Wen Scientific Research Center, China National Police University, Shenyang, China 208B (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 13 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : CASE STUDY CHAIRPERSONS Niels Morling (Denmark), Renata Zbiec - Piekarska (Poland) 208A (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 12 - WPMO SESSION CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) : TBC 1 CHAIRPERSONS Jason Payne-James (UK), Pekka Saukko (Finland) O 12-1 09:00-09:15 A CASE OF NEONATAL MORPHINE OVERDOSE? Douglas Posey1, Ashraf Mozayani2 International forensic Science Consultants, LLC, Houston, United States; 2Administration of Justice, Texas Southern University, Houston, United States 1 O 13-1 09:00-09:15 EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF DNA RECOVERY AND AMPLIFICATION FROM BULLET CARTRIDGE CASES Heather Mazzanti1, Meghan Troy2, Christian Westring, Ph.d. 2, Phillip Danielson, Ph.d.3 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3Biology, University of Denver, Denver, United States 1 O 13-2 09:15-09:30 THE "Z" DRUGS: ZOLPIDEM, ZOPICLONE AND ZALEPLON AND WHY ARE WE STILL USING THEM? Anne-Louise Swain QUANTIFILER TRIO : AN EVALUATION ON MOCK CASEWORK DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS SAMPLES Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasimmahasan, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Hazwani Hapiz, Baktiar Kassim Clinical Forensic Medicine Unit, Queensland Department of Health (Government), Australia, Australia Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia O 12-3 O 13-3 O 12-2 09:15-09:30 09:30-09:45 DNA DECONTAMINATION FROM A CLINICAL FORENSIC PERSPECTIVE John Gall1, 2, 3 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Victorian Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children's Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia 1 O 12-5 09:45-10:00 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEDICO-LEGAL DEATH INVESTIGATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA AND NIGERIA 054 09:30-09:45 DISPERSION OF DNA OF COMPROMISED SKULL IN MALAYSIA Nor Aidora Saedon, Nurul Hamizai Abdul Hamid, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Zulhilmi Husni, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia O 13-4 09:45-10:00 PMI DELIMITATION BY ANALYSIS OF MUSCLE PROTEIN DEGRADATION Stefan Pittner1, Alexander Pfisterer1, Peter Steinbacher1, Alexandra Maria Saenger1, Fabio Carlo Monticelli2 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; 2Forensic Medicine, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria 1 O 13-5 10:00-10:15 CASE REPORT: THE HIGH POINT OF SECONDARY IDENTIFICATION ON MUTILATION CASE BEHIND THE PRIMARY IDENTIFICATION Evi Untoro1, Fahmi Arief Hakim2, Hastanto Ahmad3, Theresia Linda3, Fitriati Husada3, Anton Castilani3, Putut T Widodo3, Djaja Surya Atmadja4 Forensic and Medicolegal, Sentra Medika Hospital, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia; 2Forensic and Medicolegal, Cianjur General Hospital, Cianjur, Indonesia; 3Indonesian National Dvi Committee, Indonesian National Police, Center for Health and Medical Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Forensic and Medicolegal, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 1 Toxicology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 3Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 4Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 5Physiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 6Health Services Command, Turkish Armed Forces, Ankara, Turkey 1 2 O 14-4 09:45-10:00 ONE FATAL AND ONE NON FATAL FORENSIC CASES INVOLVING NASAL INTAKE OF α PYRROLIDINO VALEROPHENONE (PVP), A NEW SUBSTITUTED CATHINONE Philippe Cathala1, Celine Eiden2, Pierre Antoine Peyron1, Marie Dominique Piercecchi-Marti3, Olivier Mathieu2, Helene Peyriere2, Eric Baccino1 Departement De Medecine Legale, Chu Lapeyronie (university Hospital), Montpellier, France; 2Departement De Pharmacologie Medicale Et Toxicologie, Chu Lapeyronie (university Hospital), Montpellier, France; 3Service De Medecine Legale, Chu La Timone ((university Hospital), Marseille, France 1 O 13-6 10:15-10:30 A CASE EXAMPLE WHERE 29 X-CHROMOSOMAL STRS AND MITOCHONDRIAL DNA WERE USED AS SUPPLEMENTARY MARKERS Yuan Lin, Li Li, Zhenmin Zhao, Ruxin Zhu Forensic Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China 204 (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 14 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) : TOXICOLOGY Ashraf Mozayani (USA), Jongsook Rhee (Korea) 09:00-09:15 CHALLENGES IN FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Heesun Chung Forensic Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 15 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) : ISOTOPE & TRACE METAL ANALYSIS CHAIRPERSONS Jose Almirall (USA), Jisook Min (Korea) Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) O 14-2 10:00-10:15 LC/MSMS ANALYSIS OF THE BENZODIAZEPINES ON DBS Heesang Lee, Yujin Park, Jiyeong Jo, Sangwhan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe 209 (2F) CHAIRPERSONS O 14-1 O 14-5 09:15-09:30 CASE FINDINGS IN 18 ACETYLFENTANYL RELATED DEATHS Daniel Isenschmid, Sherri Kacinko, Barry Logan O 15-1 09:00-09:15 MUTI-ELEMENT AND STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSES IN HAIR FOR FORENSIC PURPOSE: WHAT KIND OF INFORMATION CAN WE GET IN HAIR ANALYSIS? Jisook Min, Kiwook Kim, Sangcheol Heo, Yurim Jang Toxicology, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, PA, United States Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) O 14-3 O 15-2 09:30-09:45 THE RELATION BETWEEN OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATION, AND NEOPTERIN IN THE PARAQUATINDUCED LUNG TOXICITY Mehmet Toygar2, Ibrahim Aydin3, Mehmet Agilli3, Fevzi Nuri Aydin3, Muzaffer Oztosun6, Husamettin Gul1, Enis Macit1, Yildirim Karslioglu4, Turgut Topal5, Bulent Uysal5 09:15-09:30 ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PARTS BETWEEN GINSENG FROM BODY AND ROOTS BY USING ELEMENTAL ANALYZER-ISOTOPE RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY (EA-IRMS) Young-Hoon Jo1, Snag-Cheol Heo1, Ki-Wook Kim1, Myung-Duck Kim1, Geum-Mun Nam1, Jong-Sin Park2, Jae-Gyun Kim2, Ji055 WFF2014 Sook Min1 Rodrigo Tavora2, Francisco Assis Nascimento1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Forensic Service (Gwangju Institute), Jangsung, Korea (South) 1 1 O 15-3 09:30-09:45 DISCRIMINATION OF CAR TYRE RUBBER SAMPLES USING ICP-MS, ATR-IR AND PYROLYSIS GC-MS AND THE SUBSEQUENT MATCHING TO SKID MARKS Salah Eddine Breidi, James Barker, Steve Barton, Baljit Ghatora Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom O 15-4 09:45-10:00 A MURDER CASE SOLVED BY TRACE EVIDENCE Hongling Guo, Huixia Shi, Yangke Quan Trace Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science,china, Beijing, China O 15-5 University of Brasilia, Electronic Engeneering, Brasilia, Brazil; Federal Police, National Institute of Criminalistics, Brasilia, Brazil 2 O 16-5 09:45-10:00 UP-SAMPLING DETECTING ALGORITHM BASED ON AUDIO SAMPLE CORRELATION (ASC) Nam-In Park, Tae Hoon Kim, Joong Lee Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Won-Ju, Korea (South) O 16-6 10:00-10:15 RESEARCH ON METHODS FOR AUDIO RECORDER FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION Jinhua Zeng, Shaopei Shi, Xu Yang, Yan Li, Qimeng Lu Digital Evidence Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China 10:00-10:15 203B (2F) 11:00-12:30 A NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING DATA FOR TEXTILE FIBRES DATABASES Claire Gwinnett, Andrew Jackson ORAL PRESENTATION 17 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : LABORATORY I Forensic and Crime Science Department, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom Fabio Monticelli (Austria), Seong Hwan Park (Korea) CHAIRPERSONS O 17-1 210 (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 16 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS) : IMAGE, VIDEO AND AUDIO SCIENCE YoungChul Park (Korea) 09:00-09:15 THE APPLICATION OF HDR TECHNOLOGY IN CRIME SCENE PHOTOGRAPHY Zhou Chunbing Department of Forensic Science & Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China O 16-3 09:15-09:30 STUDY OF FORENSIC IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNOLOGY Mingjiu Wang, Fuyao Wang Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China O 16-4 09:30-09:45 DETECTING REPLICAS WITHIN AUDIO EVIDENCES USING AN ADAPTIVE AUDIO-FINGERPRINTING SCHEME 056 PROTEIN EXPRESSION PATTERN AND HISTOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS FROM MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA Minjung Kim1, You Jin Won2, Bon Young Koo3, Kyung Ryoul Kim1, Nak-Won Lee3, Jaehong Park1, Yu-Hoon Kim4, Han-Young Lee1, Joong-Seok Seo5 Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Ganwon, Korea (South); 2Forensic Medicine Division, Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); 3 Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 5 National Forensic Service, Wonju, Ganwon, Korea (South) 1 CHAIRPERSON O 16-1 11:00-11:15 O 17-2 11:15-11:30 THE EXPRESSION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR IN CORONARY ARTERY IN THE CASES OF SUDDEN CORONARY DEATH Xinshan Chen, Kaiyi Liu, Chunyu Shen Department of Forensic Pathology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China O 17-3 11:30-11:45 ESTIMATION OF POSTMORTEM INTERVALS USING FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING METHOD Ping Huang1, Shiying Li1, Kaifei Deng1, Yiwen Luo 1, Qiran Sun1, Che Xu 1, Yijiu Chen1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Physical Analysis Division, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China 1 O 17-4 11:45-12:00 MUTATIONS OF DESMOGLEIN-2 IN SUDDEN DEATH FROM ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY AND SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH Mingchang Zhang1, Fabio Tavora2, Allen Burke2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Fudan University, shanghai, China; 2Medical Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States 1 O 17-5 12:00-12:15 FORENSIC APPLICATION OF MICRORNA AS A TOOL FOR DROWNING PATTERN IDENTIFICATION Hyungseok Kim1, Joo-Young Na3, Jong-Tae Park1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National Universtity Medical School, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2., Research Institute of Forensic Science, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3Forensic Medicine Division, National Forensic Service, Jangseong, Korea (South) 1 O 17-6 12:15-12:30 INVES​TIGATION OF DIATOMS IN CHINA WITH SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Jian Zhao1, Yuzhong Wang2, Chao Liu1, Sunlin Hu1, He Shi1 Forensic Pathology, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China; 2Faculty of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China 1 IN BEIJING, CHINA, 2002-2011 Tiantong Yang1, Di Lu1, Lin Chang1, Xu Wang1, Shengli Di1, Haidong Zhang1, Xiang Zhang2, David Fowler2, Ling Li2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, College of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China; 2Forensic Pathology, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, State of Maryland, Baltimore, United States 1 O 18-3 Forensic Medicine, 1. Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Pulmonology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 O 18-4 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 18 -WPMO SESSION CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) : TBC 2 CHAIRPERSONS Jason Payne-James (UK), Philip Beh (Hong Kong) O 18-1 11:00-11:15 IS THERE AN INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE VICTIM'S PROFILE? Mercedes Dominguez1, Rebeca Dieguez1, Jose Ignacio MunozBarus1, 2, Natalia Perez3, Gumersindo Guinarte3, Fernando Vazquez-Portomene3, Maria Sol Rodriguez-Calvo1, 2 Department of Pathology and Forensic Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 2 Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 3 Institute of Criminology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain 1 O 18-2 11:15-11:30 EVALUATION OF MEDICAL MALPRACTICE LITIGATIONS 11:45-12:00 MEDICOLEGAL CONTRIBUTION IN PUBERTY ASSESSMENT FOR A DECISIVE JUDGMENT IN ISLAMIC LAW Kholoud Sami Alsowayigh1, Mamdouh Zaki1, Alhanouf Alsowayigh1 Senior Forensic Medicine Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Forensic Medical Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1 O 18-5 208A (2F) 11:30-11:45 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FORENSIC MEDICINE IN DIAGNOSING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN TURKEY Yuksel Yazici1, Suheyla Aliustaoglu1, Haluk Ince2, Atiye Sozen2, Seyma Yenil3, Cuneyt Cenger2, Ahmet Acar3, Yilmaz Yazici3, Mustafa Erelel4, Ayse Demirel3 12:00-12:15 THE DELIVERY OF CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICAL SERVICE IN SAUDI ARABIA Khalid Jaber, Manal Bamousa Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Medical Centres, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia O 18-6 12:15-12:30 IDENTIFYING THE MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF PHYSICIANS IN TERMS OF INFORMED CONSENT AT ISTANBUL FACULTY OF MEDICINE, ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY Cuneyt Cenger1, Giray Kolcu2, Atiye Sozen1, Yılmaz Yazici3, Ayse Demirel3, Sebnem Korur1, Haluk Ince1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Community Health Center, Ministry of Health, Department of Selçuklu, Konya, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 208B (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 19 057 WFF2014 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : NEW TECHNOLOGY Mitsuyo Machida, Kazuhiko Kibayashi Legal Medicine, Tokyo Womens Medical University, Tokyo, Japan CHAIRPERSONS Julie French (USA) O 19-1 11:00-11:15 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A MASS SPECTROMETRY BASED APPROACH FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL STAINS Heather Mazzanti1, Kevin Legg2, Christian Westring3, Phillip Danielson4 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Forensic Science, The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 3Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 4Biology, University of Denver, Denver, United States 1 O 19-2 O 19-6 12:15-12:30 A NEW METHOD FOR ABO GENOTYPING USING THE PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID PROBE BASED FLUORESCENCE MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS Kyungmyung Lee1, Hyun-Chul Park1, Sanghyun An1, Eu-Ree An1, Yang-Han Lee1, Si-Keun Lim1, Mi-Jung Kim2, Jae Sin Park3, Jin Wook Jung3 Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Gangwon-Do, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-Si, Gyeongnam, Korea (South); 3 Department of Technical Development, Seasun Biomaterials, Daejeon, Korea (South) 1 11:15-11:30 204 (2F) 11:00-12:30 A NOVEL FORENSIC APPROACH TOWARDS DETERMINING TIME OF DEATH UTILIZING SALIVA GLYCOSYLATION ORAL PRESENTATION 20 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) : TOXICOLOGY Hyun Joo An CHAIRPERSONS Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) O 19-3 11:30-11:45 DETECTION OF MALE DONOR DNA IN SIMULATED PHYSICAL CONTACT/ASSAULT MIXTURE SAMPLES USING ENHANCED ONE-STEP MICRO-VOLUME DNA PROFILING OF ISOLATED BIO-PARTICLES Katherine Farash , Erin Hanson , Jack Ballantyne 1 2 3 Forensic Science Graduate Program, Biochemistry Track, Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States 1 O 19-4 11:45-12:00 VALIDATION OF ELOVL2 METHYLATION MARKER FOR ESTIMATION OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE IN FORENSICS Renata Zbiec-Piekarska1, Magdalena Spolnicka1, Tomasz Kupiec2, Żanetta Makowska1, Anna Spas1, Agnieszka ParysProszek2, Krzysztof Kucharczyk3, Rafał Ploski1, Wojciech Branicki2 Department of Biology, Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland; 2Section of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland; 3Biovectis, Biovectis, Warsaw, Poland; 4Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland 1 O 19-5 12:00-12:15 AUTOSOMAL SNP GENOTYPING OF ARTIFICIALLY DEGRADED DNA BY USING UV IRRADIATION 058 EunMi Kim (Korea), Marilyn Huestis (USA) O 20-1 11:00-11:15 DRUGS AND DRIVING IN SALZBURG AND UPPER AUSTRIA BETWEEN 2003-2012 Thomas Keller1, Andrea Keller1, Michael Boettcher2, Ulrich Preiss3, Fabio Monticelli1 Toxicology Department, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Salzburg, Austria; 2MVZ, Labor Dessau, Dessau-Rosslau, Germany; 3 Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Oldenburg, Germany 1 O 20-2 11:15-11:30 COMPARISON OF ALL IONS TIME-OF-FLIGHT (AITOF) AND QUADRUPOLE TIME-OF-FLIGHT (QTOF) TECHNOLOGY FOR SCREENING OF NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY CASEWORK Barry Logan1, Jared Castellani1, Alexander Maggitti1, Matthew Mcmullin1 Toxicology, Nms Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 2Toxicology, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, Willow Grove, United States 1 O 20-3 11:30-11:45 INITIAL STUDIES ON THE FUBINACA AND PINACA SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS Ashraf Mozayani1, Aybike Dip1, Michael Chen2, Jeffrey Walterscheid2 Adminstration of Justice, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, United States; 2, Harris County Institute of Forensic 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Science, Houston, Texas, United States RAMAN SPECTROMETRY O 20-4 Shinichi Suzuki1, Hiroaki Yoshida2, Daisuke Watanabe2, Masataka Sakayanagi3 11:45-12:00 FATAL POISONINGS IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE: DATA FROM CUKUROVA, TURKEY Ramazan Akcan1, Ali Eren3, Ebubekir Burak Celik2, Muhammed Mustafa Arslan4, Necmi Cekin2 Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Adana, Turkey; 4Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey 1 O 20-5 12:00-12:15 PLASMA PROTEOMICS RESEARCH IN HYDROGEN SULFIDE POISONING BASED ON MASS SPECTROMETRY Jiang Qing2, Ruyun Du3, Xiaopei Cui3, Siwei Tang3, Xianyi Zhuo1, Yi Huang1 Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Technical Center for Industrial Products and Raw Materials Inspection and Testing, Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai, China; 3Department of Protein Science, Huabo Biopharm (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China 1 Identification Center, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 23rd Division of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 3 Forensic Science Laboratory, Kanagawa Police H.q., Yokohama, Japan 1 O 21-3 Che Xu, Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science,ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China O 21-4 12:15-12:30 A SENSITIVE ION CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NITRITE IN WHOLE BLOOD IN FORENSIC CONTEXT Hui Yan, Xiangyi Zhuo, Baohua Shen, Ping Xiang, Min Shen Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai, China 209 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 21 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) : FORENSIC POLYMER ANALYSIS 11:45-12:00 SURVEYS OF VEHICLE COLOUR FREQUENCY AND THE TRANSFER OF VEHICLE PAINTS TO STATIONARY OBJECTS IN SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA Fiona Jackson, Joanna Bunford, Claude Roux, Philip Maynard Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia O 21-5 O 20-6 11:30-11:45 THE APPLICATION OF THE PYROGARM DATABASE IN FORENSIC AUTOMOBILE PAINT ANALYSIS 12:00-12:15 CHEMICAL TYRE RUBBERS ANALYSIS WITH ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DISCRIMINATION OF CAR'S TYRE SAMPLES AND THE SUBSEQUENT MATCHING TO THEIR SKID MARKS Salah Eddine Breidi, James Barker, Steve Barton, Baljit Ghatora School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom O 21-6 12:15-12:30 SNAP-LOCK BAGS WITH RED BAND: A STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MANUFACTURING MARKS CHAIRPERSONS Yvonne Hui Ying Sim, Shing Min Lim, Sok Yee Yew, Alaric Chin Wai Koh, Thiam Bon Lim O 21-1 Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore Christopher Palenik, THiam Bon Lim (Singapore) 11:00-11:15 CAN FIBRES ANALYSIS FOR VOLUME CRIME SCENES BE COST EFFECTIVE? Claire Gwinnett, Andrew Jackson Forensic and Crime Science Department, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom O 21-2 11:15-11:30 DIRECT ANALYSIS OF SINGLE FIBERS RETRIEVED BY PRESSURE ADHESIVE TAPE USING MICRO CONFOCAL 210 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 22 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS) : BIOMETRY AND HUMAN IDENTIFICATION CHAIRPERSONS Duarte Nuno VIEIRA (Portugal) 059 WFF2014 O 22-1 11:00-11:15 EXEMPLAR-BASED SUPER-RESOLUTION OF 3D HUMAN FACE MODEL Young Min Shin1, Kyoung Mu Lee2 Research Institute, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Korea (South); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 MEDICO-LEGAL PURPOSES OF SRI LANKA Ananda Samarasekera1, Anuruddi Edirisinghe1 Department of Forensic Medicine, South Asian Institute of Technology & Medicine, Malabe, Sri Lanka; 2Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka 1 2 O 22-2 11:15-11:30 COMPARISON OF THE METHODS OF BODY HEIGHT MEASUREMENT IN VIDEO IMAGES Xuejing Dai Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China O 22-3 11:30-11:45 FORENSIC 3D FACIAL IDENTIFICATION SOFTWARE (FIDENTIS) Igor Chalas1, Petra Urbanova2, Zuzana Kotulanova2, Marie Jandova2, Miroslav Kralik1, Barbora Kozlikova1, Jiri Sochor1 Department of Computer Graphics and Design, Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2 Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic 1 O 22-4 11:45-12:00 INDOOR CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION USING A SMART PHONE Jong-Gil Ahn, Youngsun Kim, Youngwon Kim, Gerard Jounghyun Kim O 23-2 14:15-14:30 IMPLEMENTATION OF ISTANBUL PROTOCOL IN SRI LANKA - REAPPRAISAL OF A DECADE'S PROGRESS Clifford Perera Dept. of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka O 23-3 14:30-14:45 TELL ME YOUR STORY OF ABUSE Selim Ozkok, Fusun Callak Kallem, Bedir Korkmaz, Ozlem Erel, Tulay Elbek forensic medicine, adnan menderes university, aydın, Turkey O 23-4 14:45-15:00 LEGAL IMPACT OF MEDICOLEGAL ASSESSMENT OF VIRGINITY IN CIVILIAN AND CRIMINAL CASES IN ISLAMIC COMMUNITY Mamdouh Zaki1, Kholoud Alsowayigh1 Senior Forensic Medicine Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Senior Forensic Medicine Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1 O 23-5 15:00-15:15 Korea University, College of Information and Communications, Seoul, Korea (South) FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAFFIC FATALITY ACCIDENT IN ELDERLY MEDELLÍN, 2005 TO 2010 Luz Eliana Giraldo Vasquez O 22-5 Antioquia, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal, Medellin, Colombia 12:00-12:15 SALIENCY COMPUTATION OF ACTIONS FOR FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION IN VIDEOS Jinhua Zeng Digital Evidence Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China O 23-6 15:15-15:30 FALSE HISTORY GIVEN BY VICTIMS/PATIENTS DURING MEDICO-LEGAL EXAMINATIONS Kumara Senanayake Medicolegal Department, Teaching Hospital, Anuradapuraya, Sri Lanka 208A (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 23 - WPMO SESSION CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) : TBC 3 CHAIRPERSONS Jason Payne-James (UK), John Gall (Australia) O 23-1 14:00-14:15 THE NEED, PROCESS, DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE NATIONAL GUIDELINES ON EXAMINATION, REPORTING AND MANAGEMENT OF SEXUALLY ABUSED SURVIVORS FOR 060 208B (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 24 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : NEW DNA KIT / MRNA CHAIRPERSONS John M Butler (USA), Byung-Won Chun (Korea) O 24-1 14:00-14:15 NOVEL FORENSIC DETECTION KITS FOR INDIVIDUAL WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 203B (2F) IDENTIFICATION Weiguo Zheng , Huaigu Zhou 1 2 R&D, AGCU ScienTech Inc., Wuxi, China; 2Forensic DNA Analysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, China 1 O 24-2 14:15-14:30 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 25 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : LABORATORY II CHAIRPERSONS Carl J. Schmidt (USA), Youn Shin Kim (Korea) O 25-1 14:00-14:15 Arzu Duvenci, Havva Altuncul, Ozlem Bulbul, Ilksen Tavaci, Yasemin Demirbas, Gonul Filoglu DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF URINARY METANEPHRINES FOR THE POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOTHERMIA Cristian Palmiere, Luca Reggiani Bonetti Forensic Genetic, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Lausanne University Hospital, Medico-Legal Center, Lausanne, Switzerland O 24-3 O 25-2 A NEW MULTIPLEX MTSNPS SET FOR TURKISH POPULATION 14:30-14:45 14:15-14:30 CONSTRUCTION OF A LIBRARY OF CLONED SHORT TANDEM REPEAT (STR) ALLELES AS UNIVERSAL TEMPLATES FOR ALLELIC LADDER PREPARATION DETECTION OF DIATOMS BY A COMBINATION OF MEMBRANE FILTERING AND HYALINIZING Jian Zhao1, Yuzhong Wang2, Chao Liu1, Sunlin Hu1, He Shi1 Le Wang, Xing-Chun Zhao, Jian Ye, Jin-Jie Liu, Xue Bai 1 Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Department of Forensic Pathology, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China; 2Faculty of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China O 24-4 O 25-3 14:45-15:00 FORENSIC VALIDATION OF A NEWLY DEVELOPED 26PLEX Y-STRS TYPING SYSTEM Suhua Zhang, Shumin Zhao, Zheng Wang, Chengtao Li Department of Forensic Genetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, China, Shanghai, China O 24-5 15:00-15:15 IMPROVING SAMPLE ANALYSIS OF THE EXPANDED CODIS LOCI SET USING QIAGENS MULTIPLEX PCR WITH A NOVEL QUALITY SENSOR Daniel Mueller, Melanie Breitbach, Stefan Cornelius, Sarah Pakulla-Dickel, Margaretha Koenig, Mario Scherer, Ralf Peist R&D, Qiagen Gmbh, Hilden, Germany O 24-6 15:15-15:30 FACILE SEMI-AUTOMATED BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION BY MULTIPLEX SOLUTION HYBRIDIZATION OF NANOSTRING® BARCODE PROBES TO SPECIFIC MRNA TARGETS Patrick Danaher1, Robin White1, Erin Hanson2, Jack Ballantyne3 Department of POPS, Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States 1 14:30-14:45 A STUDY ON USEFULNESS OF SERUM MAST CELL TRYPTASE ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DIAGNOSTIC METHOD IN POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK Jong-Pil Park1, Bon Young Koo2, Nak-Won Lee1, Harin Cheong3, Yu Jin Won4, Kyung Ryoul Kim3, Joo Young Na5, Minsung Choi6, Hongil Ha7, Seong Ho Kim6 Medical Examiner's Office, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Medical Examiner's Office, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 4Division of Forensic Medicine, Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); 5Division of Forensic Medicine, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 6Division of Forensic Medicine, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 7 Division of Forensic Medicine, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Busan, Korea (South) 1 O 25-4 14:45-15:00 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN THE CORPUS CALLOSUM FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC AXONAL INJURY USING FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY Ji Zhang, Hongmei Dong, Liang Liu, Jiao Mu Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China O 25-5 15:00-15:15 A CASE REPORT: APPLICATION OF MICRO BEAM-X-RAY 061 WFF2014 FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ELECTROCUTION Jianhua Zhang, Tao Wang Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensi Science Ministry of Justice P. R. China, Shanghai, China O 25-6 15:15-15:30 POST-MORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION USING SINGLE CELL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OR COMET ASSAYREVISITED Panjai Woharndee1, Ian Mudway1, Barbara Daniel1 Forensic Pathology, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, King; 3Department of Forensic Science, King 1 204 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 26 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) Kewal Krishan (India), U-Young Lee (Korea) 14:00-14:15 CONSTRUCTION OF 3 DIMENSIONAL HEAD MODELS FOR FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY U-Young Lee1, Dae-Kyoon Park2, Yi-Suk Kim3, Sang-Seob Lee4, Dai-Soon Kwak1, Dong-Ho Kim1, In-Beom Kim1, Nak-Eun Chung4, Seung-Ho Han5 Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy / Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Division of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chungang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 O 26-2 O 26-4 14:45-15:00 EEFFECTIVENESS OF BONE CLEANING PROCESS USING CHEMICAL AND ENTOMOLOGY APPROACHES: TIME AND COST Khoo Lay See, Lai Poh Soon, Mohd Hilmi Saidin, Dr Ahmad Hafizam Hasmi, Dr Nurliza Abdullah Forensic Medicine Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia O 26-5 15:00-15:15 PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SKELETONS EXHUMED IN RIBEIRAO PRETO; SAO PAULO/BRASIL: PARAMETERS FOR THE MULTIRACIAL BRAZILIAN POPULATION Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Moacyr Lobo Costa Jr., Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil CHAIRPERSONS O 26-1 Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 14:15-14:30 O 26-6 15:15-15:30 STATURE ESTIMATION FROM THE FEMUR AND TIBIA IN BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN SUB-ADULT FEMALES Desire Brits1, Mubarak Bidmos2, Paul Manger1 School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 2 Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada 1 209 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 27 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) : FORENSIC CHEMICAL ANALYSIS CHAIRPERSONS EMERGENCE OF FORENSIC PODIATRY- A NOVEL SUBDISCIPLINE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES Paul Philp (USA), Seh Youn Park (Korea) Kewal Krishan PROPOSAL OF NEW IDENTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR IGNITABLE LIQUIDS MODIFIED BY SULFURIC ACID IN NON-BURNED SAMPLES AND FIRE DEBRIS Carlos Martin-Alberca1, Olivier Delemont2, Carmen GarciaRuiz1 Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India O 26-3 14:30-14:45 ANTHROPOLOGICAL BODY MASS ESTIMATION USING 3D IMAGES OF HUMAN CALCANEUS Go-Un Jung , U-Young Lee , Dong-Ho Kim , Dai-Soon Kwak , Dae-Kyoon Park3, Seung-Ho Han4, Yi-Suk Kim1 1 2 2 2 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of 1 062 O 27-1 14:00-14:15 University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (iuicp), University of Alcala, Alcala De Henares, Spain; 2Institut De Police Scientifique,ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, Universite De Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland 1 O 27-2 14:15-14:30 CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OILS BY 1H NMR WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 210 (2F) SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS Siwon Kim , Dahye Yoon , Heonho Lee , Dong-Kye Lee , Yuna Kim2, Nam Yee Kim2, Suhkmann Kim3 3 3 3 1 Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) 1 O 27-3 14:30-14:45 IDENTIFICATION FOR SEAL INKS BY INVIA RAMAN MICROSCOPE Yachen Wang, Xu Yang, Yiwen Luo, Qiran Sun, Qinghua Zhang, Che Xu 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 28 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS) : DIGITAL FORENSICS AND IMAGE ENGINEERING CHAIRPERSONS Dong-Hwan Har (Korea) O 28-1 14:00-14:15 A STUDY ON DATA FORENSIC FOR NOSQL Wonkyu Lee, Sujin Yoon, Yongtae Shin Study for a Master, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea (South) O 28-2 14:15-14:30 Department of Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China RECOVERY OF CORRUPTED DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH DATA Kyusun Shim, Junseok Byun, Gihyun Na, Joong Lee O 27-4 Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Won-Ju, Gangwon-Do, Korea (South) 14:45-15:00 ESTIMATION OF POST-MORTEM INTERVAL: A NOVEL APPROACH UTILIZING SERUM & MUSCLE METABOLOMIC PROFILING Richard H Kaszynski1, 4, Shin Nishiumi2, Takeshi Kondo1, Motonori Takahashi1, Azumi Kuse1, Migiwa Asano3, Masaru Yoshida2, Takeshi Azuma2, Yasuhiro Ueno1 Department of Legal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 3Department of Legal Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 4Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States 1 O 27-5 15:00-15:15 METABOLOMICS APPROACH TO IDENTIFYING CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING DEATH Hyun Kyoung Ju1, Gum Moon Nam1, Kiwook Kim1, Sang-Cheol Heo1, Myung Duck Kim1, O-Seong Kwon2, Joon-Bae Lee2, Shung Kun Shon2, Ji-Sook Min1 Department Of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department Of Chemical Analysis, Nantional Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South) 1 O 27-6 15:15-15:30 POSTMORTEM PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL IN HUMAN SPECIMENS Amin Wurita, Osamu Suzuki, Koutaro Hasegawa, Kunio Gonmori, Kayoko Minakata, Itaru Yamagishi, Hideki Nozawa, Kanako Watanabe Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan O 28-3 14:30-14:45 DETECTION OF DIGITAL IMAGE FORGERIES BY INTERPIXEL CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS COMPARISON Hansoo Kim, Jungsoo Lee, Kiwoong Moon, Joong Lee Digital Technology and Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) O 28-4 14:45-15:00 RESEARCH OF ORIGIN IDENTIFICATION AND TAMPER DETECTION OF DIGITAL IMAGE Xuejing Dai Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China O 28-5 15:00-15:15 SPLICING FORGERY IMAGE DETECTION BASED ON DEPTH OF FIELD CONSISTENCY OF IMAGING PROCESS Peng Sun Criminal Science and Technique, China Criminal Policing University, Shenyang, China O 28-6 15:15-15:30 SPLICING FORGERY IMAGE DETECTION BASED ON ILLUMINANCE INTENSITY CONSISTENCY OF IMAGING PROCESS Peng Sun Criminal Science and Technique, China Criminal Policing University, Shenyang, China 063 WFF2014 208A (2F) 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 29 - WPMO SESSION CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) : TBC 4 CHAIRPERSONS Jason Payne-James (UK), Clifford Perera (Sri Lanka) John Gall1, 2, 3 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Vic Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children's Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia 1 17:00-17:30 O 29-1 FOCUSSING ON THE FUTURE: SURVEY RESULTS ON THE IMAGE CAPTURE OF PATTERNED CUTANEOUS INJURIES CONCLUDING REMARKS Jason Payne-James President of WPMO, UK Sam Evans , Jason Payne-James 1 2 Dental Illustration Unit & School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Forensic Healthcare Services, United Kingdom 1 O 29-2 16:00-16:15 COMPARISON OF INJURIES DUE TO LETHAL WEAPONS DURING PRE AND POST-WAR PERIODS IN SRI LANKA; A MEDICO-LEGAL ANALYSIS Muditha Vidanapathirana , Sriyantha Amararatne , Sameera Gunawardane3, Ajith Rathnaweera4 1 2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2 Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Forensic medicine and toxicology, faculty of medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Karapitiya, Sri Lanka 1 O 29-3 16:15-16:30 APPLICATION OF A MULTIFACTORIAL FORENSIC AGE ESTIMATION METHOD IN A GROUP OF EAST AFRICAN DETAINEES Sameera Gunawardena1, Udari Liyanage2, Jayanie Weeratne3, Asela Mendis1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 3Forensic Odontologist, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka 1 O 29-5 16:30-16:45 PENILE QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING TECHNOLOGY AND IT'S APPLICATION IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Feixiang Wang, Guangyou Zhu Department of Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China O 29-6 16:45-17:00 WITHER CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE - A DOWNHILL SPIRAL? 064 208B (2F) 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 30 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : DB CHAIRPERSONS Timothy Zolandz (USA), Si-Keun Lim (Korea) O 30-1 16:00-16:15 THE USE OF DNA DATABASE OF BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM SEXUAL ASSAULTS AND RAPES IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS: A SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE IN BRAZIL Samuel T G Ferreira1, 2, Karla A Paula1, Flávia A Maia1, Arthur E Svidzinski1, Marinã R Amaral1, Silmara A. Diniz1, Maria E. Siqueira1, Adriana V. Moraes1 Instituto de Pesquisa de DNA Forense, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2, Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública do Ministério da Justiça - Senasp/MJ, Brasília, Brazil 1 O 30-3 16:15-16:30 THE IMPACT OF NEW DNA TECHNOLOGIES ON THE FUTURE OF CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell, Governmental Affairs, Seattle, Washington, United States O 30-4 16:30-16:45 THE STATUS AND MANAGEMENT FLOW OF KOREAN CONVICTED OFFENDER DNA DATABASE Su-Jeong Park, Jong-Sik Kim, Hye-Yeon Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South) O 30-5 16:45-17:00 FORENSIC DNA DATABASES: TOWARDS BEST PRACTICE ETHICAL, LEGAL AND SCIENTIFIC STANDARDS Helen Wallace1, Anthony Jackson1, Jeremy Gruber2, Andrew Thibedeau2 Genewatch Uk, Buxton, Derbyshire, United Kingdom; 2Council for Responsible Genetics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 30-6 17:00-17:15 THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE KOREA FORENSIC DNA DATABASE Hyunchul Park, Kyungmyung Lee, Sanghyun An, Hyehyeon Lee, Hansol Kwon, Si-Keun Lim Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) O 30-7 17:15-17:30 O 31-3 Forensic Pathology Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CARTILAGE AND PHALANGE FROM HALLUX AS IMPORTANT KINDS OF SAMPLES FOR DNA TYPING IN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION (DVI) O 31-4 Samuel T G Ferreira1, 4, Rodrigo G. Garrido2, Karla A. Paula1, Ricardo C Nogueira3, Elvis A. Oliveira3, Adriana V. Moraes1 1 Instituto de Pesquisa de DNA Forense, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2Instituto de Pesquisa e Perícias em Genética Forense, Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Instituto de Medicina Legal, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 4Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública do Ministério da Justiça - Senasp/MJ, Brasília, Brazil 1 203B (2F) 16:00-18:00 ORAL PRESENTATION 31 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : ENGINEERING IN FP, POLICY CHAIRPERSONS Kurt Nolte (USA), SungHo Kim (Korea) O 31-1 16:00-16:15 BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF BIPHASIC DISTRIBUTION OF SKULL INJURY IN FALLS FROM HEIGHT Sungji Park1, Jang Gyu Cha2, Youngseok Lee1, Insoo Seo1, Bongwoo Lee1, Kyungmoo Yang1, Youngshik Choi1 National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (South) 1 O 31-2 16:30-16:45 CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURY MECHANISM EXPLORATION BY DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES: HEAD TRAUMA CAUSED BY STRIKE OR FALL? Li Zhengdong 16:45-17:00 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IN SRI LANKA; FORECAST FOR THE NEXT CENTURY Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka O 31-5 17:00-17:15 THE CONTRIBUTION OF PATHOLOGY EVIDENCE IN THE PROSECUTION OF WAR CRIMES John Clark Centre for Forensic Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom O 31-6 17:15-17:30 EFFECTIVENESS OF ELEARNING TOOLS IN THE DELIVERY OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY CURRICULUM FOR UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy Department of Pathology, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia O 31-7 17:30-17:45 CAUSAL LINKS BETWEEN MEDICAL ERRORS IN OBSTETRICS AND STILLBIRTH: A CASE REPORT BOLAM PRINCIPLE FROM INTERNATIONAL POW Vladislav Iakovlev, Vyacheslav Gavrichkov, Natalia Volkova Department of Complex Expertises, Republic Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise, Cheboksary, Russian Federation 16:15-16:30 BLUNT LIVER INJURY WITH INTACT RIBS UNDER IMPACTS ON THE ABDOMEN: A BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION O 31-8 Yu Shao1, Donghua Zou1, Zhengdong Li1, Lei Wan1, Zhiqiang Qin1, Ningguo Liu1, Jianhua Zhang1, Liangwei Zhong2, Ping Huang1, Yijiu Chen1 Department Of Forensic Pathology, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Legal Y Ciencias Forenses, Bogota, Colombia 17:45-18:00 PATERNAL FILICIDE - SUICIDE: A CASE REPORT Andres Rodriguez Zorro, Jairo Vivas Department of Forensic Pathology, Institution of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, China, Shanghai, China; 2College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China 1 065 WFF2014 204 (2F) 16:00-18:00 17:00-17:15 LAF/CEMEL PROTOCOL HELPING THE IDENTIFICATION OF MISSED PEOPLE IN RIBEIRAO PRETO - SAO PAULO/ BRASIL ORAL PRESENTATION 32 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) CHAIRPERSONS Yoshihiro Takaesu (Japan) O 32-1 O 32-5 16:00-16:15 Marco Aurelio Guimaraes1, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco1, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira1, Jose Marcelo Secchieri1, Moacyr Lobo Costa Junior1, Martin Paul Evison2 ESTABLISHING A METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE NASAL TIP POSITION IN UNKNOWN HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS FOR FACIAL RECONSTRUCTION AND SKULL–PHOTO SUPERIMPOSITION: A PILOT STUDY IN JAPANESE MEN 1 Hajime Utsuno1, Toru Kageyama2, Keiichi Uchida3, Kazuhiko Kibayashi1 CASE REPORT: EVIDENCES OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS BY BRAZILIAN DICTATORSHIP IN AN UNUSUAL CASE OF WATER PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FOR 39 YEARS Legal Medicine, Tokyo Womens Medical University, School of Medcine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Orthodontics, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan; 3Oral Radiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan 1 O 32-2 16:15-16:30 VARIATION OF THE EAR SHAPE CHARACTERISTICS IN JAPANESE AND ITS APPLICATION TO PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION IN CRIMINAL CASES Yoshihiro Takaesu1, Koji Sugawara1, Yasutaka Nakamura1, Masatsugu Hashimoto1 Dept. of Forensic Odontology and Anthropology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; 2The Metropolitan Police Department, Tokyo, Japan 1 O 32-3 16:30-16:45 COMBINED USE OF PHOTOANTHROPOMETRY AND FACIAL GEOMETRY IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY ON THE INTERNET Carlos Machado1, Raffaela Francisco2, Ana Bezerra3, Martin Evison4, Marco Guimarães2 National Institute of Criminalistics, Technical Scientific Direction/ Brazilian Federal Police, Brasília, Brazil; 2Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School/University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 3Department of Odontology, Healty Sciences School/University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; 4 Centre for Forensic Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 2Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom O 32-6 17:15-17:30 Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco1, Alexandre Pavan Garieri2, Andre Ricardo Meinicke2, Marcio Talhavini2, Marcelo Jost2, Jorge Marcelo Freitas2, Renato Teodoro Ferreira Paranaiba2, Lehi Sudy Santos2, Sergio Britto Garcia1, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes1 Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 2Federal Police Department, Ministry of Justice, Brasília, Brazil 1 O 32-7 17:30-17:45 THE SEARCH FOR CLANDESTINE GRAVES OF THE DEAD AND MISSING POLITICIANS FROM ARAGUAIA/BRAZIL Alexandre Deitos1, Alana Azevedo2, Ademir Franco4, Rhonan Silva3, Edgar Michel-Crosato2, Maria Biazevic2 Technical-Scientific Directorate, Federal Police, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Dentistry (FOUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Institute of Legal Medicine, Goiás Police Force, Goiânia, Brazil; 4Forensic Odontology, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium 1 2 1 O 32-4 16:45-17:00 209 (2F) ORAL PRESENTATION 33 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) : OTHERS CHAIRPERSONS Marek Kotrlý (Czech Republic), Kang-Bong Lee (Korea) FORENSIC MANAGEMENT OF ARTEFACTS IN THE HUMAN IDENTIFICATION PROCESS THE CYPRUS (COMMITTEE ON THE MISSING PERSONS IN CYPRUS) EXPERIENCE: FROM THE FIELD TO THE RELEASE OF HUMAN REMAINS O 33-1 Nolly Moyssi, Maria Ktori, Uyum Vehit 1 United Nations, Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus 066 16:00-18:00 16:00-16:15 THE POTENTIAL FIELD FOR APPLICATION OF NANOPARTICLE COLOR SENSOR TO DETECT FORENSIC TRACE EVIDENCE ON SITE AND IN REAL TIME Kang-Bong Lee1, Kown-Chul Noh2, Yun-Sik Nam1 Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 33-2 16:15-16:30 NANOFORENSIC APPLICATION : FABRICATION OF PHOTOLUMINESCENT [EU(PHEN)2]3+-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES WITH MULTIFUCTIONAL PROPERTIES FOR LATENT FINGERPRINT DETECTION Seung-Jin Ryu2, Aran Kim1, Jin-Kyu Lee3, Hyun Jung1 Department of chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic chemistry, NFS, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 O 33-3 16:30-16:45 RESEARCH ON THE BRAKE MARK FOR ESTIMATION OF THE VEHICLE SPEED Shaoyou Pan Pei-Ying Chang1, Feng-Yu Lin2 Forensic Science Center, New Taipei City Police Department, New Taiepi City, Taiwan; 2Electronic Surveillance Division, Criminal Investigation Bureau, Taipei City, Taiwan 1 O 34-2 16:15-16:30 CLOUD STORAGE APPLICATION- A SECURITY THREAT Vinay Singh1, Afreen Tarannum1, Meenakshi Mahajan2, Arun Sharma3 Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Department Of Forensic Science, Allahabad, India; 2 Home, Regional Forensic Scince Laboratory, NR, Dharamshala, India; 3Home, State Forensic Scince Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India 1 O 34-3 16:30-16:45 Department of Traffic Accident Investigation, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China INFERRING ACTION INSTANCES WITH LIMITED INFORMATION Joshua James O 33-4 Graduate School of Forensic Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea (South) 16:45-17:00 A STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT KIND OF SHOES UPON GAIT FEATURES IN FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION Yao Li Department of trace examination techology, National Police University of China, Shen Yang, China O 33-5 17:00-17:15 INEXPENSIVE PARTICLE IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR FORENSIC SOIL DISCRIMINATION OF SAND FRACTION Ritsuko Sugita, Hiromi Itamiya Third Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan O 33-6 17:15-17:30 INVESTIGATION OF METALLIC GSR AND GSR NITRITES IN BYSTANDERS UP TO 1 METER SPATIAL DISTANCE FROM FIRING HANDS Dr. Dimpna Dulay Chemistry, NBI, Davao City, Philippines 210 (2F) 16:00-18:00 CHAIRPERSONS Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Department of Forensic Science, Allahabad, India; 2 Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, NR, Dharamshala, India; 3Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India 1 O 34-5 16:00-16:15 CLOUDTRACKER: A NOVEL FORENSICS TRACKING SCHEME FOR ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS APPLICATIONS 17:00-17:15 CONFRONTING CYBER CRIME IN CYBER CAFE BY REGULATING ACCESS TO INTERNET Nadia Khadam1, Zeeshan Pervez2 Law, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2School of Computing, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, United Kingdom 1 17:15-17:30 WINNOWING MULTIHASHING STRUCTURE PAYLOAD ATTRIBUTION FOR NETWORK FORENSICS Fei Xu, Xiaojun Chen, Yichen Wei, Jinqiao Shi, Xin Wen National Engineering Laboratory for Information Security Technologies, Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China O 34-7 Heejo Lee (Korea) 16:45-17:00 ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN IMPROVING POLICE-PUBLIC RELATIONSHIP: A HYPOTHESIS Vinay Singh1, Meenakshi Mahajan2, Vaibhav Saran1, Afreen Tarannum1, Arun Sharma3 O 34-6 ORAL PRESENTATION 34 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS) : CYBER FORENSICS O 34-1 O 34-4 17:30-17:45 A NEW METHOD FOR QUICK DETECTION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHIC VIDEOS AT CRIME SCENES Pedro Eleuterio, Mateus Polastro Forensics Departament, Brazilian Federal Police, Campo Grande/ ms, Brazil 067 WFF2014 O 34-8 17:45-18:00 RESEARCH ON THE DECRYPTION METHOD FOR ARTIFACTS OF MESSENGER APP Youngdae Koh, Changha Lee, Kyungsu Lee, Hyunsoo Kim Technical Assistance, Gmdsystem Inc., Seoul, Korea (South) IAFS Poster Presentation Auditorium Lobby (3F) 09:00-10:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 06 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) P 06-1 P 06-4 09:00-10:30 STAINS OF SEMEN AND SEMINAL FLUID PRE AND POSTVASECTOMY: PURITY AND SUFFICIENT QUANTITY OF RECOVERED DNA AFTER 10 YEARS OF STORAGE Carolina Mautoni1, Rafael Dias Astolphi1, Rafael Barrios Mello1, Jose Arnaldo Soares Vieira3, Marcelo Souza Silva1, Maria Luiza De Almeida Prado Oliveira Sousa2, Eloisa Auler Bittencourt1, Edna Sadayo Miazato Iwamura1 Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 2Center for Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Criminology of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil 1 09:00-10:30 THE ROLE OF GENETIC TESTING IN CARDIAC DEATHS UNDER SUSPICION OF HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: VALIDATING A METHOD AND PRESENTING PRELIMINARY DATA OF AN ITALIAN RETROSPECTIVE STUDY Camilla Tettamanti, Simonetta Verdiani, Lucia Casarino, Alessandro Bonsignore, Francesco Ventura Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy P 06-2 Pathology and Legal Medicine, Riberao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil 09:00-10:30 COMBATING INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING IN LATIN AMERICA: THE ROLE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AMAZON ECOSYSTEM Rodrigo Mayrink1, Antonio Mauricio Santos Filho1, Daniel Vilela2, Marina Meneghini3, Izabella Machado4, Barbara Trindade5 Forensic Sector, Federal Police of Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Sector of Reception and Care of Wild Animals, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Resources, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Center of Technological Education, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 4Biology Course, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 5 Environmental Engineering Course, Una University Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazi P 06-5 09:00-10:30 FORENSIC BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION BY SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES AND THE PRESENCE OF BACTERIAL DNA Eun Young Lee, Ajin Choi, Kyoung-Jin Shin, Woo Ick Yang, Hwan Young Lee Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) P 06-6 09:00-10:30 SEQUENCE DIVERSITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTROL REGION IN KOREA POPULATION Sang-Ok Moon, Myung Jin Park, Jihye Park, Hyunchul Park, SiKeun Lim Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 2 P 06-3 09:00-10:30 EXHUMED BONES AND TEETH FROM TROPICAL CLIMATE FOR FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES: HISTOPATHOLOGY OF FEMORAL COMPACT BONE AND APPLICATION OF ENDODONTIC METHODS IN TEETH Rafael Dias Astolphi1, Victor Eduardo Arias1, Caio Cesar Floriano Luz1, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes2, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco2, Rafal Barrios Mello1, Maria Regina Regis Silva1, Carolina Mautoni1, Maria Tereza Seixas Alves1, Edna Sadayo Miazato Iwamura1 Department of Pathology, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of 1 068 P 06-7 09:00-10:30 DEVELOPMENT OF THE KPLEX-23 MULTIPLEX PCR SYSTEM TO ANALYZE 23 FORENSIC MARKERS Yu Na Oh1, Eun Young Lee1, Young Geun Yang2, Jeong Eun Sim3, Su Jeong Park3, Soong Deok Lee4, Kyoung-Jin Shin1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Bioquest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 3DNA Analysis Laboratory, DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-8 09:00-10:30 IDENTIFICATION OF SEQUENCE VARIATIONS IN THE D21S11 LOCUS WITH FORENSIC DNA SAMPLES BY NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING Won-Hae Lee, Joo-Young Kim, Kyung-Sook Kim, Jin Myung Lee, Saimi Jung, Myung Jin Park, Na Yeon Kim, Nam-Soo Cho, Jong-Jin Kim Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju 220-170, Korea (South) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 06-9 09:00-10:30 FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS TO DETECT FRAUDS IN THE BRAZILIAN OFFICIAL PASSERINES BANDING SCHEME: A TOOL IN THE INVESTIGATION OF WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING Rodrigo Mayrink1, Daniel Vilela2, Antonio Mauricio Santos Filho1, Barbara Trindade3 Forensic Sector, Federal Police of Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Sector of Reception and Care of Wild Animals, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewal Resources, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3 Environmental Engineering Course, Una University Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazil 1 P 06-15 09:00-10:30 DNA BARCODES REVEAL FISH FOOD FRAUD Hee-Soo Kim1, Sungmin Kim1, Narae Kim2, Youngwook Nam2, Hyeyoung Koo2, Ukhee Chung3, Hye Hyun Oh3, Won Kim1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea (South); 3DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 2 P 06-10 09:00-10:30 INTERNAL VALIDATION AND CONCORDANCE STUDY FOR NEXT-GENERATION STR KITS Jung-Hyun Park, Seung-Bum Hong, Si-Nae Han Division of DNA Analysis, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Command, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South) P 06-11 09:00-10:30 DETERMINATION OF Y-STR MUTATIONS RATES IN FATHER-SON DUOS Gonul Filoglu, Elif Mertoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gulten Rayimoglu, Havva Altuncul Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 06-12 09:00-10:30 SEQUENCING ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CODING REGION (8389 TO 8865) Havva Altuncul, Omer Karatas, Arzu Duvenci, Akın Katoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gonul Filoglu Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 06-13 09:00-10:30 THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA (D-LOOP REGION) IN TURKISH POPULATION Havva Altuncul, Akin Katoglu, Omer Karatas, Yasemin Demirbas, Ozlem Bulbul, Gonul Filoglu Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 06-14 09:00-10:30 NGS-BASED DETECTION OF DIVERSE AQUATIC ORGANISMS FOR DIAGNOSTIC OF DROWNING DEATH Sungmin Kim1, Hye Hyun Oh2, Seung Hwan Lee2, Won Kim1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-16 09:00-10:30 APPLICATIONS OF DNA BARCODING TO WILDLIFE ROAD-KILL Sungmin Kim1, Hyewon Kim1, Hye Hyun Oh2, Seung Hwan Lee2, Hang Lee3, Won Kim1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-17 09:00-10:30 A FORENSIC CASE STUDY: ESTIMATING A DROWNING SITE FROM THE DROWNING VICTIM Sungmin Kim, Won Kim School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) P 06-18 09:00-10:30 MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF CHARRED VICTIM BY ANALYSIS OF AUTOSOMAL CHROMOSOMES Maria Chimpolo, Nasser Calumbuana, Valdemar Mateus Morfology, Medical School-Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola P 06-19 09:00-10:30 ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-SOURCE SEMINAL STAIN PATTERN: A CALCULATED APPROACH TO ELUCIDATION OF THE CONTRIBUTORS Lay Hong Seah Head of DNA Serious Crime Unit, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia P 06-20 09:00-10:30 EVALUATION OF Y-STR DNA RESULTS OF KINSHIP CASES USING THE PHILIPPINE ONLINE Y-STR HAPLOTYPE REFERENCE DATABASE (YHRD) Jazelyn Salvador1, 2, Maria Lourdes Honrado1, Lindsay Clare Carandang2, Altair Agmata2, Angelica Rose Sagum1, Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines; 2Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines 1 069 WFF2014 P 06-21 09:00-10:30 P 06-28 09:00-10:30 USE OF NGS FOR WHOLE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCING FOR KOREAN USE OF MASS SPECTROMETER FOR FORENSIC GENETICS Sohee Cho1, Hye Yeon Kim2, Su Jeong Park2, Soong Deok Lee1 Hye-Young Lee1, Soojung Park1, Heewon Min1, Yien- Kyoung Choi2, Su-Jeong Park2, Soong-Deok Lee1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-22 09:00-10:30 THE FREQUENCIES OF DEFECTIVE ALLELES OF CYP2C19 GENE IN A TURKISH POPULATION Husniye Canan, Ayse Serin, Behnan Alper, Mete Korkut Gulmen Forensic Medicine Department, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey P 06-23 09:00-10:30 IDENTIFICATION AND KINSHIP CASES OF CUKUROVA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE BETWEEN 2006-2013 Husniye Canan, Ayse Serin, Behnan Alper, Mete Korkut Gulmen Forensic Medicine Department, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey P 06-24 09:00-10:30 SEARCH FOR MARKERS OF HUMAN AGE WITH NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING (NGS) Joanna Kosinska1, Piotr Gasperowicz1, Renata ZbiecPiekarska2, Magdalena Spolnicka2, Zanetta Makowska2, Piotr Stawinski1, Agnieszka Prochenka1, Agnieszka Parys-Proszek3, Tomasz Kupiec3, Rafał Płoski1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-29 09:00-10:30 IDENTIFICATION OF DISCORDANCE IN STR FGA LOCUS BETWEEN POWERPLEX16 AND POWERPLEX ESI PCR AMPLIFICATION KITS Jan Schnitzer, Dana Kvitkova, Zbynek Dolejsi Department of genetics, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic P 06-30 09:00-10:30 HIGH-THROUGHPUT REAL-TIME PCR GENOTYPING ASSAY FOR THE FORENSIC DETECTION OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM Kadir Dastan1, Fatma Cavus1, Tolga Zorlu1, Gulten Rayimoglu1, Umut Kara1, Melek Ozlem Kolusayin1, Sule Beyhan Ozdas1, Emel Hulya Yukseloglu1 Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; 2The Ministry of Justice, The Council Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Istanbul Bilim University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland; 2Department of Biology, Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland; 3Section of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland P 06-31 P 06-25 Lotte Downey, Martin Ensenberger, Patricia Fulmer, Kristy Lenz, Dawn Rabbach, Cynthia Sprecher, Douglas Storts 1 09:00-10:30 REPLICATION OF HEIGHT GWAS IN KOREAN POPULATION AND EVALUATION OF HEIGHT PREDICTION MODEL IMPLEMENTED WITH THE GENETIC MARKERS 09:00-10:30 MAXIMIZE INFORMATION FROM YOUR MIXTURE SAMPLES WITH THE POWERPLEX® FUSION 6C SYSTEM, A COMBINED AUTOSOMAL AND Y-STR MULTIPLEX Genetic Identity, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States Ji Eun Lim, Bermseok Oh P 06-32 Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (South) THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FINGERPRINT POWDERS ON SUBSEQUENT DNA PROFILING P 06-26 Prisca Ng1, Xanthe Spindler1, Claude Roux1, Melanie Fraser2, Chris Lennard3, Peter Gunn1 09:00-10:30 FORENSİC MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON SOIL SAMPLES IN ISTANBUL Huseyin Cakan, Filiz Ekim Cevik, Ayse Kaya Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey 070 09:00-10:30 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Forensics, Australian Federal Police, Canberra, Australia; 3National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 06-33 09:00-10:30 HYBRIDIZATION-MEDIATED LOCUS ENRICHMENT FOR STR ANALYSIS OF FRAGMENTED DNA Seon-Kyu Ham1, Se-Yong Kim2, Jang-Won Ahn1, Bo Young Seo2, Kwang-Man Woo2, Cheol Yong Choi1, Seung-Hwan Lee2 Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea (South); 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, Division of Forensic DNA, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-34 09:00-10:30 FEASIBILITY OF NANO FILAMENT FIBERS FOR TRACE DNA EVIDENCE Jong Keun Jung1, Mi Jung Kim1, Hee Yeon Park1, Sumin Lee1, Jeung-Ah Kwon2, Sang Cheul Shin2, Byung Won Chun2, Si Keun Lim2 DNA analysis section, Department of Forensic Medicine, Busan institute, Yangsan 626-810, Korea (South); 2DNA analysis division, Department of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service, Wonju 220-170, Korea (South) 1 P 06-35 09:00-10:30 DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME PCR METHOD FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE MOTTLED SKATE, BERINGRAJA PULCHRA In Kwan Hwang1, 5, Hae Yong Lee1, Min-Hee Kim2, Hyun-Su Jo3, 4, Dong-Ho Choi1, Pil Won Kang1, Yang-Han Lee2, Nam-Soo Cho2, Ki-Won Park2, Ho Zoon Chae5 DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 3Fisheries Researchs and Environment Division, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Incheon, Korea (South); 4Dept. of Marine Science & Production, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Korea (South); 5School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (South) 1 P 06-36 09:00-10:30 VALIDATION OF EXTRACTION METHODS FOR HUMAN DNA FROM CIGARETTE BUTTS Paul Ryan Sales, Dorothy Emma Ferrer, Gayvelline Calacal, Jazelyn Salvador, Maria Corazon De Ungria DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines P 06-37 09:00-10:30 WEB-BASED SYSTEM FOR INTERPRETING AND SEARCHING MIXED DNA PROFILE Hyunchul Park1, Mi-Jin Kim1, Si-Keun Lim1, Kyungmyung Lee1, Sanghyun An1, Myun-Soo Han1, Won Kim2 Forensic DNA division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 06-38 09:00-10:30 DNA PROFILING IN BLOOD, BUCCAL SWABS AND HAIR FOLLICLES OF PATIENTS TRANSPLANTATION Volkan Zeybek1, Guven Koyuncu2, Yucel Arısoy3, Selcan Zeybek4 Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Denizli, Turkey; Biology, Council of Forensic Medicine, İzmir, Turkey; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey; 4 Department of Medical Genetics, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey 1 2 P 06-39 09:00-10:30 PCR IN 1 MICRO LITER FOR BUCCAL SWABS Pavla Coufalova, Zbynek Dolejsi genetic, KUP, Prague, Czech Republic P 06-40 09:00-10:30 COMBINED GENETIC AND MICRO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD DUST AS A DEFINITIVE TRACE IDENTIFIER OF A ROOM AND ITS OCCUPANTS Katherine Farash1, Hayley O'brien2, Erin Hanson2, Nicholas Petraco3, Jack Ballantyne4 Forensic Science Graduate Program, Biochemistry Track, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3Petraco Consulting, Massapequa Park, United States; 4Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States 1 P 06-41 09:00-10:30 DNA EVIDENCE INTERPRETATION FOR SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES IN THE PHILIPPINES: ADOPTING A CONTINUOUS MODEL FOR MIXTURE ANALYSIS Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez1, Jo-Anne Bright3, Jazelyn Salvador1, Rita Laude2, Maria Corazon De Ungria1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; 3ESR Ltd, Mt Albert Science Centre, Auckland, New Zealand 1 P 06-42 09:00-10:30 FORENSIC DNA DEPARTMENT EXPERTISE IN CIVILIAN AND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS IN JEDDAH: A 5-YEARS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY Khalid Yousef Mattar1, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki1 Head of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Evidence Administration, Ministry of Interior, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Senior Forensic Medical Examiner, Jeddah Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1 P 06-44 09:00-10:30 EVALUATION OF THE FALSE POSITIVE RATES ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC 071 WFF2014 ASSAYS FOR SEMINAL FLUID PROTEIN DETECTION IN SAMPLES CONTAINING FEMALE VAGINAL SECRETIONS Heather Mazzanti1, Bethany Kleiser3, Jillian Fesolovich2, Christian Westring2 P 07-3 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3Forensic Science, Arcadia University, Glenside, United States Dept. of Crime Scene Investigation Team, Ansan-Danwon Police Station, Ansan-Danwon City, Korea (South) 1 P 06-45 09:00-10:30 VARIABILITY OF SE33 LOCUS IN 2 MEDITERRANEAN POPULATIONS Angelo La Marca1, Anna Barbaro1, Patrizia Cormaci1, Marisa Cassar2, J.c. Grech2 11:00-12:30 STUDY ON THE POST-MORTEM INTERVAL (PMI) CALCULATION METHOD BASED ON THE BLOOD MOISTURE EVAPORATION MASS CHANGE Yong-Soo Mun P 07-4 11:00-12:30 MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES OF TRAUMATIC SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND MULTIFOCAL ELECTRORETINOGRAMS Liu Ruijue, Yu Xiaoying, Wang Meng, Zhou Shu, Chen Jiemin, Xia Wentao Forensic Genetics, Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi (SIMEF), Reggio Calabria, Italy; 2Forensic Genetics, MLS BioDNA, Malta Department of Clinic Forensic Medicine, Institude of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China P 06-46 P 07-5 1 09:00-10:30 DNA PROFILES DETECTION IN SALIVA MIXTURES AFTER KISSING Angelo La Marca, Anna Barbaro, Patrizia Cormaci, Stefano Votano Forensic Genetics, Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi (SIMEF), Reggio Calabria, Italy P 06-47 09:00-10:30 APPLICATION OF ACCUID® (SNP BASED RESEQUENCING ARRAY) IN FAMILIAL IDENTIFICATION Jong Eun Lee, Hyung Jin Yu, Ji Sung Han, Yoon Soo Kim DNA Link, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South) Auditorium Lobby (3F) 11:00-12:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 07 CLNICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) P 07-1 11:00-12:30 WHICH DEATHS COULD BE PREVENTED AND HOW? AN ANALYSIS OF AUTOPSY REPORTS OF DEATHS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAUMA Mehmet Toygar1, Yusuf Emrah Eyi2, Kenan Karbeyaz3, Umit Kaldirim2, Salim Kemal Tuncer2, Murat Durusu2 Emergency Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey 1 P 07-6 11:00-12:30 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR DNA DECONTAMINATION OF CLINICAL FORENSIC EXAMINATION SUITES AND EQUIPMENT John Gall1, 2, 3 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Victorian Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children's Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia 1 11:00-12:30 OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS IN CORPUS CAVERNOSUM TISSUE OF NEUROGENIC ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION RATS Hanjian Shen P 07-7 11:00-12:30 Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China FORENSIC IMPACT OF ACCIDENTAL FIREARMS DEATH DURING JORDANIAN AND SOCIAL SOCIETY CELEBRATION P 07-2 Forensic Medicine, The University Of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 11:00-12:30 CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILD SEXUAL OFFENDERS; A SERIES FROM TURKEY M.mustafa Arslan1, Dua Sumeyra Demirkiran1, Ramazan Akcan2, Cem Zeren1 Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey 1 2 072 Imad (emad) Al-Abdallat P 07-8 11:00-12:30 PATIENT'S KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES ON INFORMED CONSENT IN MEDICAL PRACTICE Nirmala Perera1, Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Priyanjith Perera1, D. C. G. a Weerasingha1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Department of forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka 1 P 07-9 11:00-12:30 ACCIDENTAL GENITAL TRAUMA IN THE FEMALE CHILDREN IN JORDAN AND THE ROLE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE Imad Al-Abdallat Forensic medicine and Pathology, The University of Jordan,Faculty of Medicine, Amman, Jordan P 07-10 Anuruddhi Edirisinghe, Indira Kitulwatte Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka 11:00-12:30 EVALUATION OF BURN CASES IN FORENSIC MEDICINE Cuneyt Cenger1, Suleyman Bademler2, Yuksel Yazıcı3, Suheyla Aliustaoglu3, Muhammed Zubeyir Ucuncu2, Atiye Sozen1, Haluk Ince1 Department of Forensic Medicine, 1. Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, 2. Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 07-13 11:00-12:30 SEXUAL ASSAULTS AND MEDICAL APPROACH Kenan Kaya, Mete Korkut Gulmen, Ebubekir Burak Celik, Ahmet Hilal, Necmi Cekin Department of Forensic Medicine, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey P 07-14 11:00-12:30 GERIATRIC TRAUMAS IN THE JUDICIAL REPORTS OF ADANA, TURKEY Kenan Kaya, Mete Korkut Gulmen, Eren Akgunduz, Ebubekir Burak Celik, Ahmet Hilal, Necmi Cekin Department of Forensic Medicine, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey P 07-15 P 07-16 11:00-12:30 INVESTIGATION OF KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT MOTORCYCLE HELMETS AND HEAD INJURIES AMONG MOTORCYCLE RIDERS IN TURKEY Ali Rıza Tumer1, M.serif Yildirim1, Okan Alp2, Aykut Lale1, Aysun Balseven Odabasi1 11:00-12:30 THE RESOLUTION ON THE MELTING OF "ICEBERG PHENOMENON" IN CHILD SEXUAL ASSAULT AND CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN INDONESIA Evi Untoro Forensic and Medicolegal, Sentra Medika Cibinong Hospital, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia 11:00-12:30 TEACHING TRAINING OF MEDICS IN SEXUAL ASSAULT FORENSIC EXAMINATION, REPORTING AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT IN SRI LANKA P 07-11 Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe Universty, Ankara, Turkey; 2Turkish Motorcycle Federation, Motorcycle Federations, Ankara, Turkey 1 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 11:00-12:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 08 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) P 08-1 11:00-12:30 FORENSIC SOIL ANALYSIS Kiwook Kim, Sanchul Huh Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 08-3 11:00-12:30 APPLICATION OF FULL SPECTRUM PHOTOGRAPHY APPARATUS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Xuejing Dai, Fuyao Wang Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China P 08-5 11:00-12:30 FORENSIC INVESTIGATION PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE TO SOLVE THE SUICIDE CASES Dr. Mukesh Sharma Senior Scientific Officer, Physics Division, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur (rajasthan), India P 08-6 11:00-12:30 RECONSTRUCTION OF THE COURSE OF EVENTS BASED ON BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS Piotr Girdwoyn1, Tadeusz Tomaszewski1, Robert Sitnik2 Chair of Criminalistics, Faculty of Law, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 2Institute of Micromechanics and Photonics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland 1 P 08-7 11:00-12:30 THE TECHNICAL METHODS OF BOMBING SCENES INVESTIGATION IN CHINA Lihong Chen, Hongguo Zhang, Yanchun Zhang Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China 073 WFF2014 P 08-8 11:00-12:30 FACILE USE OF NIR-RESPONSIVE NAYF4:YB,ER UPCONVERSION FLUORESCENT NANOPARTICLES FOR SENSITIVE, EFFICIENT AND NON-TOXIC DETECTION OF LATENT FINGERMARKS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Meng Wang Department of Trace Examination, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 08-9 11:00-12:30 APPLYING OF TIRE TRACE IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 6 Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan P 08-14 11:00-12:30 CREATION OF ARTIFICIAL LATENT FINGERPRINTS BASED ON AMINO ACIDS Ingi Hong, Aleum Han, Jin Yi Seo, Juyoung Namgung, Yunseok Ok, Sungwook Hong Graduate School of Forensic Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea (South) Yi Jin P 08-15 Department of Trace Examination Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China CASE REPORT USING CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE INTEGRATION AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE EXAMINATION TO SOLVE CRIME CASE Yen-Cheng Ho, Tai-Hung Chen, Shih-Chiang Cho, Nu-En Huang P 08-10 11:00-12:30 ENHANCING BLACK MAGNETIC POWDER DEVELOPED FINGERPRINTS BY USING INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY 11:00-12:30 Forensic Science Centre, New Taipei City Police Department, New Taipei City, Taiwan Chuntao Chen P 08-16 Forensic Science and Technology, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China P 08-11 11:00-12:30 CURRENT SITUATION OF BOMBING SCENE INVESTIGATION IN CHINA Zhang Hongguo , Chen Lihong , Zhang Yanchun , Yanlei Li 1 1 1 2 Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China; 2The Institute of Forensic Science, Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Public Security, Shijiazhuang, China 11:00-12:30 HOMOGENEITY CONFIRMATION OF AMINO ACIDBASED ARTIFICIAL LATENT FINGERPRINTS WITH AN AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Ingi Hong, Aleum Han, Sungwook Hong Graduate School of Forensic Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea (South) 1 P 08-18 11:00-12:30 THE COMBUSTION OF A FEMALE BODY THE RESEARCH OF USINGTHE WHOLE BAND OF CCD DIGITAL CAMERA TO EXTRACT THE LATENT FINGERPRINTS ON DIFFERENT VARIETY OF ADHESIVE TAPES Dan Wang Youngsu Kong, Youngjin Cho, Keonwoo Joh, Seokhyun Yoon, Jeamo Goh Audio-Visual Material Inspection Technology Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Physical Engineering, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Jeonnam, Korea (South) P 08-19 P 08-12 P 08-13 11:00-12:30 11:00-12:30 POSSIBILITY OF LATENT FINGERMARKS DETECTION AND VISUALIZATION USING THERMAL ASSISTED MAILLARD REACTION Kazuhito Hibino1, Shigeki Takeuchi2, Osamu Shimoda3, Masahisa Takatsu4, Norimitsu Akiba5, Kenji Kurosawa5, Kenro Kuroki5, Atsushi Nakamura6, Takayuki Sota6 Identification Division, National Police Agency, Tokyo, Japan; 2Forensic Science Laboratory, Gifu Prefectural Police Headquarters, Gifu, Japan; 3Forensic Science Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Police Headquarters, Kobe, Japan; 4Water Quality Management Center, Public Enterprises Agency of Hyogo Prefecture, Kobe, Japan; 5Physics Section, National Research 1 074 11:00-12:30 THE RESEARCH OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND IMAGE SEPARATION OF SWEAT AND DUST OVERLAPPED FINGERPRINTS ON TRANSPARENT GLASS Dan Wang Audio-Visual Material Inspection Technology Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 08-20 11:00-12:30 SEX DIFFERENCES OF FINGERPRINT RIDGE DENSITY IN SOUTH KOREA POPULATION Kyunghee Bae Soonchunhyang University, Forensic Science Graduate School, Sinchang, Korea (South) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 08-22 11:00-12:30 DETECTING BODY FLUID-CONTAMINATED FINGERMARKS AND LATENT STAINS ON SKIN USING IMMUNOGENIC REAGENTS Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea (South); 2Division of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea (South) Xanthe Spindler1, Reasmey Tith1, Chris Lennard2, Claude Roux1 P 08-29 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; 2Forensic Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, Australia A METHOD TO MAKE 3D PLASTER MODLE OF FOOTPRINT Tong Dexin P 08-24 Liaoning Police Academy, Criminal technology department, DaLian, China 1 11:00-12:30 ADVANCED APPLICATION OF 1,2-INDANEDIONE FOR LATENT FINGERPRING DEVELOPMENT ON THERMAL PAPER Juyoung Namgoong, Kyunghee Bae, Jeseol Yu Soonchunhyang University, Graduate School of Forensic Science, Shinchang, Korea (South) P 08-25 11:00-12:30 A STUDY OF THE GENERATION OF THE BLOODY FINGERPRINT BY THE CONTACT BLOODSTAIN AFTER THE GENERATION OF A NORMAL FINGERPRINT Sang-Yoon Lee, Dong-Hwan Kim, Jin-Pyo Kim, Byung-Sun Moon, Kyung-Hwa Lee, Young-Il Seo, Jae-Yong Song, YoungWoo Choi, Jae-Mo Goh, Nam-Kyu Park Division of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Won-ju, Gangwon-do, Korea (South) P 08-31 11:00-12:30 SEPARATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF OVERLAPPING FINGERPRINTS BY FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING 11:00-12:30 ON AN UNUSUAL EXPLOSION CASE MISTAKEN AS AN ARSON AFTER HOMICIDAL STRANGULATION IN THE FIRE SCENE Byung Seon Moon1, Jae Yong Song1, Young Woo Choi1, Seong Jin Kim1, Young Il Seo2, Woo Jeong Jeon1, Jae Mo Goh3, Nam Kyu Park4, Hong Ill Ha5 Physics & Engineering Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yang San, Korea (South); 2Forensic Safety Division, Department of Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Won Ju, Korea (South); 3Gwangju institute, National Forensic Service, Jang Seong, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Won Ju, Korea (South); 5Forensic Medicine Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yang San, Korea (South) 1 P 08-32 P 08-26 11:00-12:30 11:00-12:30 FINGERPRINTING AS HUMAN IDENTIFICATION FOR VICTIMS IN MASS DISASTER Kwang-Sang Yoon1, Young-Sam Kim2, Bong-Soo Kweon3 Forensic Chemistry Sec., Seoul Institute, NFS, Seoul, Korea (South) Crime Scene Investigation Team, Ilsan Police Station, Gyeonggido 410-740, Korea (South); 2Section of Crime Scene Investigation, Gyeonggi Provincial Police 2nd Agency, Gyeonggi-do 480-822, Korea (South); 3Section of Crime Scene Investigation, Gyeonggi Provincial Police 2nd Agency, Gyeonggi-do 410-740, Korea (South) P 08-27 P 08-33 Nam Yee Kim, Jae-Hoon You, Ja-Youl Yang, Yuna Kim, Sek Youn Park, Seung-Jin Ryu, Jin-Mi Jeong, Jieun Jung 11:00-12:30 1 11:00-12:30 ARE WE CONTAMINATING OUR SCENES OF CRIME SUITS? - DEVELOPMENT OF AN UNDER-SUIT FOR 21ST CENTURY SCENE ANALYSIS METHOD OF PHOTOGRAPHY ON NIGHT TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SCENE Yong Wang Claire Gwinnett, John Cassella Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China Forensic and Crime Science, Staffordshire University, Stoke-onTrent, United Kingdom P 08-34 11:00-12:30 Soo-Jung Kim1, Woo-Sic Han1, Kyung-Hwan Sung1, Jin-Yi Seo1, Jae-Hee Kim1, Sang-Yoon Lee2, Young-Il Seo2 <BY TAKING PARTIAL FINGERPRINTS FROM FINGERS WITH FINGERPRINTS CUTTING OFF, THE VICTIM WAS IDENTIFIED> <BY USING THE FINGERPRINT ON THE VICTIM’S SKIN, THE CRIMINAL WAS ARRESTED> Hee Sook Kim Graduate School of Forensic Science, SoonChunHyang Univ, Crime Scene Investigation, Seoul Metropolitan, Seoul, Korea (South) P 08-28 11:00-12:30 A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PRESUMPTION OF ORIGIN OF BLOODSTAIN ACCORDING TO TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY 1 075 WFF2014 P 08-35 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 11:00-12:30 14:00-15:30 RADIO-ULNAR ASYMMETRY OF FINGERPRINT WHORL PATTERNS Miroslav Kralik, Lucie Cihakova, Petra Urbanova, Adela Koprdova POSTER PRESENTATION 10 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science/Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic GENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16 X-STRS LOCI IN XINJIANG UIGHUR AND NORTHERN HAN POPULATION FROM CHINA P 08-37 11:00-12:30 UNUSUAL PROJECTILES: GLASS MARBLES Yolanda Clavijo Antioquia, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal, Medellin, Colombia P 10-1 Chengtao Li Department of Forensic Genetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, China, Shanghai, China P 10-3 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 09 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) 14:00-15:30 14:00-15:30 MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOGROUPS AND HOMOGENEITY IN THE KOREAN POPULATION Seung Beom Hong1, Ki Cheol Kim2, Seul Gi Lee2, Kwang Hee Lee2, Wook Kim2 DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea (South) 1 P 09-2 14:00-15:30 AGE ESTIMATION OF LIVING INDIVIDUALS IN KOREA; CLINICAL SITUATION AND METHODS IN USE IN SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY DENTAL HOSPITAL Jeong-Yun Lee, Ji-Woon Park, Hee-Kyung Park, Jin-Woo Chung, Hong-Seop Kho Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Seoul National University School of Detistry, Seoul, Korea (South) P 09-3 14:00-15:30 CO-EVALUATION OF TOOTH AGE AND BONE AGE DURING DEVELOPMENT Feryal Karaman1, Mehmet Gorgulu2, Tamer Lutfu Erdem3 Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Istanbul Aydin University, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul Okan University, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 09-4 14:00-15:30 A CASE REPORT ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY RECONSTRUCTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF SKELETAL REMAINS: FLUMINEDDU'S CAVE IN SARDINIAN 'SUPRAMONTE' (ITALY) Valentina Piredda1, Pasquale Bandiera2, Elena Mazzeo1, Vilma Pinchi3 Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Istanbul Aydin University, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul Okan University, Department of Radiology, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 10-4 14:00-15:30 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF TWO HAPLOID MARKERS OF 500-YEARS-OLD HUMAN REMAINS FOUND IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF KOREA Han Jun Jin1, Ki Cheol Kim2, In Wook Hwang1, Jeong Yong Lee2, Wook Kim2 Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea (South) 1 P 10-5 14:00-15:30 A SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF Y CHROMOSOME INTERSTITIAL DELETIONS BETWEEN FATHER AND SON Yuzhen Gao Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China P 10-6 14:00-15:30 COMT AND SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENES IN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER PATIENT AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN FORENSIC MEDICINE Mujgan Cengiz1, Nur Okutan2, Burcu Bayoglu1, Nese Kocabasoglu3 Medical Biology, Istanbul University,cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Basic Sciences, Istanbul University,institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Psichiatry, Istanbul University,cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 10-7 14:00-15:30 AN INVESTIGATION OF FORENSICALLY IMPORTANT 076 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ENTOMOFAUNA COLLECTED FROM HUMAN CADAVERS IN SOUTH KOREA Shin Shang Eon1, Ham Chan Sun 1, Kim Kyeong Ryeol 2, Park Seong Hwan1 Department of Legal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Center for Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 10-8 14:00-15:30 A PILOT STUDY FOR SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF SIBSHIP SEARCHING USING 15 STR LOCI IN KOREANS Nam Soo Cho, Chohee Kim, Myung Jin Park, Hyo-Sook Kim, Seolhee Sun, Sang-Ok Moon, Wonhae Lee, Kyung-Lyong Lee Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 10-9 14:00-15:30 DNA BARCODING REVEALS MISLABELLED COMMERCIAL FISH IN BRAZIL Carlos Carvalho Apgef, Departamento De Policia Federal, Brasilia, Brazil P 10-10 14:00-15:30 INFESTATION OF CHRYSOMYA MEGACEPHALA (FABRICIUS) AND CHRYSOMYA RUFIFACIES (MACQUART) ON WRAPPED RABBIT CARCASSES IN MALAYSIA Nor Fahana Mohd Nor1, Paul Thomas Jayaprakash1, Naji Arafat Mahat2 School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia P 10-13 14:00-15:30 ANALYSIS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX ALLELIC VARIANTS USING TORRENT SUITE SOFTWARE (4. 0) PLUGIN BASED NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING Seri Lim1, Jong Pil Youn1, Seung Yong Hwang1, Kyoungdon Kwak2, Dongho Choi2, Myunsoo Han2, Richard Chung3 Genomics Team, Genocheck.co.ltd., Seoul, Korea (South); Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3, Seoul International School, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 2 P 10-14 14:00-15:30 OPTIMIZATION OF SPERMATOZOA DETECTION AND DNA RECOVERY USING IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STAINING AND LASER MICRODISSECTION Yueh Shyang Ping1, Xavier Liang Shun Chan1, Sze Kae Goh1, Christopher Kiu Choong Syn2 Biology Division, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2Biology Division, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 1 P 10-15 14:00-15:30 EVALUATION OF THE RAPIDHITTM 200 HUMAN DNA IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Yong Han Phua1, Jiatian Ang1, Eileen Shuzhen Loo1, Woan Foon Looi1, Christopher Kiu Choong Syn2 Biology Division, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2Biology Division, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 1 1 P 10-11 14:00-15:30 FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF DNA RECOVERED FROM BLOOD MEAL STAINS OF MOSQUITOES (CULICIDAE) Jan Li1, Richard Li2 Stuyvesant High School, New York City Department of Education, New York, United States; 2Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, United States 1 P 10-12 14:00-15:30 CHARACTERIZATION OF NULL ALLELES FOR Y CHROMOSOMAL STRS ASSOCIATED WITH AZF MICRODELETION IN KOREANS Myung Jin Park, Sammy Jung, Won Hae Lee, Na Yeon Kim, Jin Myung Lee, Jong Jin Kim, Nam Soo Cho, Ki Won Park Forensic DNA Analysis Division, Forensic DNA Analysis Division, Wonju, Korea (South) P 10-16 14:00-15:30 FORENSIC EVALUATION OF NGS TECHNOLOGY ON INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION FROM ARTIFICIALLY MIXED DNA SAMPLES Kyung Chan Park1, Han Koo1, Se-Yong Kim2, Han Chul Lee2, Kwang Man Woo2, Seung Hwan Lee2 Biomedical Genomic Research Cencer, Kribb, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutor’s Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 10-17 14:00-15:30 A VALIDATION STUDY TO APPLY OF POWERPLEX® Y23 KIT IN DNA PROFILING OF SEXUAL ASSAULT SAMPLES Haeyong Lee, In Kwan Hwang, Min-Sun Park, Kyu-Sik Jeong, Sun-Hee Park, Dong-Ho Choi, Pil-Won Kang Division of DNA Analysis, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) P 10-18 14:00-15:30 EASYPUNCH™ AUTOMATED PUNCHING OF SAMPLES COLLECTED ON WHATMAN™ FTA™ CARDS 077 WFF2014 Alan Pierce1, Pete Tatnell1, Julie French2, Stefan Mauch3, Reto Menzi3, Nando Giovanoli3, Laurent Baron3 GE Healthcare, Amersham Place, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; 2GE Healthcare, 800 Centennial Ave, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; 3 Hamilton Bonaduz AG, Via Crusch 8, CH-7402 Bonaduz, Switzerland Department of Legal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-705, Korea (South) 1 P 10-19 14:00-15:30 DETECTION OF IRRELEVANT MALE DNA PROFILE IN SEXUAL ASSAULT EVIDENCE COLLECTION KIT; ALLEGED FAMILIAL CONTAMINATION Jung-Yoon Lee1, Eun-Jung Lee1, Gang-Nam Jin1, Man-Il Kim1, Dong-Sub Lee2 Crime-Scene DNA Section, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Crime-Scene DNA Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 10-20 14:00-15:30 VALIDATION AND POPULATION GENETIC STUDY USING POWER PLEX® FUSION SYSTEM AND GLOBAL FILERTM Jihye Park, Younhyoung Nam, Hyunchul Park, Jinmyung Lee, Hyehyeon Lee, Hansol Kwon, Si-Keun Lim Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Won Ju, Korea (South) P 10-26 ESTIMATION OF POSTMORTEM INTERVAL USING DIFFERENTIAL DEGRADATION RATES AMONG SUBDOMAINS OF 28S RIBOSOMAL RNA Yunmi Kim, Ji Yeon Kim, Kil Myeong Lee, Juck-Joon Hwang, Seong Hwan Park, Gi Hoon Son Department of Legal Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) P 10-28 14:00-15:30 IDENTIFICATION OF BODY FLUID-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION MARKERS FOR USE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Jong-Lyul Park1, Oh-Hyung Kwon1, Jong Hwan Kim1, HyangSook Yoo1, Han-Cheol Lee3, Kwang-Man Woo3, Seon-Young Kim1, Seung-Hwan Lee3, Yong Sung Kim1 Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2 Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science of Technology, Daejeon, Korea (South); 3DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutor’s Office, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 10-22 14:00-15:30 ULTRA-FAST PCR OF SELECTED MRNA MARKERS FOR FORENSIC BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION Seon-Young Kim, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Han Chul Lee, Kwang Man Woo, Yong Sung Kim Medical Genomics Research Center, Kribb, Daejeon, Korea (South) P 10-25 14:00-15:30 IMPLICATION FOR FORENSIC DIAGNOSIS OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH BY POSTMORTEM MESSENGER RNA EXPRESSION PROFILES ON HUMAN MYOCARDIAL AUTOPSY MATERIALS Ji Yeon Kim, Yunmi Kim, Jin Wook Kim, Hyo Kyeong Cha, JuckJoon Hwang, Seong Hwan Park, Gi Hoon Son 078 14:00-15:30 Y CHROMOSOMAL DELETION PATTERN IN KOREAN INHABITING JEJU ISLAND Jihyun Lee1, Hong Xuan Jin1, Sohee Cho1, Vasant Shinde2, Dong Hoon Shin3, Kyoung-Jin Shin5, Soong Deok Lee4 Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Archaeology, Deccan College, Pune, India; 3Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Institute of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 10-29 P 10-21 14:00-15:30 14:00-15:30 UGT2B17 DELETION TYPING WITH URINARY DNA TO DETERMINE TESTOSTERONE ABUSE Kimiko Aoki1, 2, Hirofumi Shinohara1, Hiroyuki Tanaka1, Makoto Ueki1 Anti-doping Research Laboratory, Japan Chemical Analysis Center, Tokyo, Japan; 2, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan 1 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 11 MASS DISASTER (MD) P 11-1 14:00-15:30 COMPARING DIFFERENT POST MORTEM HUMAN SAMPLES AS DNA SOURCES FOR DOWNSTREAM GENOTYPING AND IDENTIFICATION IN THE PHILIPPINES Gayvelline Calacal1, 2, Dame Loveliness Apaga2, Miriam Ruth Dalet1, 2, Maria Lourdes Honrado1, Joseph Andrew Jimenez3, Pio Renato Villacorta4, Maria Cecilia Lim5, Raquel Fortun5, Francisco Datar6, Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2,Jazelyn Salvador1, 2, Paul Ryan Sales1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 National Science Complex, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 3Forensic Center, Commission on Human Rights, Central Office, Philippines; 4Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines; 5Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines; 6Department of Anthropology, College of Social Science and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City, Philippines P 11-2 14:00-15:30 BUILDING DVI TEAMS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Tomas Doubek, Petr Svarc, Petr Bendl Dvi Team, Institution of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Muramatsu3 Forensic Science Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Police Headqurters, Mito, Japan; 2Legal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; 3Tubes R&D Division, Komyo Rikagaku Kogyo Kk, Kawasaki, Japan 1 P 12-6 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China P 12-7 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 16:00-17:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 12 - TOXICOLOGY (TX) P 12-1 16:00-17:30 THE INTERACTION OF D3 RECEPTOR AND THE EXPRESSION OF CYTOSKELETAL PROTEIN β-ACTIN IN THE MORPHINE EXPOSED MICE Zhe Zhang Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Science, College of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China P 12-2 16:00-17:30 TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSES OF AN AUTOPSY CASE INVOLVING AN ORAL ABUSE OF MULTIPLE ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS Mariko Tominaga1, Takaki Ishikawa2, Tomomi Michiue1, Masashi Takama3, Hitoshi Maeda1 Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School ( Ocums-Lm ) and Mlcpi-Sc, Osaka, Japan; 2Division of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University / OcumsLm, Yonago / Osaka, Japan; 3Analysis and Evaluation Group, Foundation for Promotion of Material Science and Technology of Japan / Ocums-Lm, Tokyo / Osaka, Japan 1 P 12-3 16:00-17:30 IN VITRO REACTION OF FORMALDEHYDE WITH DRUGS AND POISONS: IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONVERSION PRODUCTS Tanasiri Yokchue, Robert Anderson Forensic Medicine & Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom P 12-5 16:00-17:30 A PRIMARY STUDY ON THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF DIAZEPAM AND ETHANOL: CHANGES IN MEDIAN LETHAL DOSE AND METABOLISM OF DIAZEPAM Rongshuai Wang, Liang Liu, Qian Liu 16:00-17:30 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF ANALGESICS IN URINE USING IONIC LIQUID BASED LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY Xueguo Chen, Ting Zhang Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 12-8 16:00-17:30 DETECTION OF CAFFEINE AND ITS MAIN METABOLITE IN FINGERPRINT DEPOSITS BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY Ting Zhang1, Xueguo Chen1, Ruiqin Yang2, Yingjian Xu1 Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China; 2College of Forensic Science, People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing, China 1 P 12-9 16:00-17:30 DETERMINATION OF OLEANDRIN IN BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS AND OLEANDER LEAVES USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY: A FATAL CASE REPORT Wei Liu, Jinxiao Zhai, Min Shen Department of Forensic Chemistry, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Pr China, Shanghai, China P 12-10 16:00-17:30 ANALYSIS OF CARBAMATES USING NEEDLEX®/GC Yasuhito Suzuki1, Fujio Ishizawa2, Tetsuya Ishiwata2, Katsuya Honda1, Kouji Fujimura3 Field of Legal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; 2Forensic Science Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Police Headquarters, Mito, Japan; 3R&D Group, Sinwa Chemical Industries Ltd., Kyoto, Japan 1 16:00-17:30 SCREENING KITS OF POISONS AVAILABLE AT THE SCENE OF AUTOPSY OR MEDICAL TREATMENT Fujio Ishizawa1, Tetsuya Ishiwata1, Katsuya Honda2, Teruo P 12-12 16:00-17:30 CHARACTERISTICS OF SUICIDES CAUSED BY DRUG OVERDOSE IN THE STATE OF MARYLAND, USA 079 WFF2014 Xinbiao Liao1, Xiang Zhang2, Daming Sun3, Guozhong Zhang4, Kerming Yun5, Tiantong Yang6, Rebecca Phipps2, David Fowler2, Ling Li2, 7 Forensic Science Certer, Guangdong Provincial Pubic Security Department, Guangzhou, China; 2Forensic Toxicology, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Baltimore, United States; 3Foresnic Science Center, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China; 4Foresnic Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; 5Foresnic Toxicology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; 6Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China; 7 Department of Forensic Pathology, DIAN Forensic Science Center, Hangzhou, China 1 P 12-13 16:00-17:30 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARBON MONOXIDE IN BLOOD BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY P 12-17 16:00-17:30 EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON SPEECH AND LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY Ali Rıza Tumer1 Faculty of Letters Department of Western Languages and Literacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe Universty, Ankara, Turkey; 4 Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; 5Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe Universty, Ankara, Turkey 1 P 12-18 16:00-17:30 ACCREDITATION OF FORENSIC LABORATORIES AS PART OF THE,EUROPEAN FORENSIC SCIENCE 2020" CONCEPT Gabor Kovacs Department for Criminal Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, Gyor, Hungary Zhang Ting, Xueguo Chen Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 12-14 16:00-17:30 USING UPLC -MS/MS FOR WORKPLACE DRUG TESTING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION ® Rob Lee1, Simone Donzelli2, Giulia Riccardino3, Luca Salvaderi3, Michela De Francheschi4, Michelle Wood1 Health Sciences Diagnostics, Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, United Kingdom; 2Clinical Specialist, Waters, Milan, Italy; 3Cedam Italia, Cedam Italia, Bresso, Italy; 4Bianalisi Analisi Mediche, Bianalisi Analisi Mediche, Carate Brianza, Italy 1 P 12-15 16:00-17:30 RAPID DETERMINATION OF BENZODIAZEPINES, ZOLPIDEM AND THEIR METABOLITES IN URINE USING DIRECT INJECTION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYTANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY Yu-Dong Jeong1, Min Kyeong Kim2, Hee Seung Kim2, Sung Ill Suh2, Jae Ill Lee2, Jae Chul Jeong2, Moon Kyo In2, Junghan Song3, Jin Young Kim2, Ki-Jung Paeng1 Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Forensic Science Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang, Korea (South) 1 P 12-16 16:00-17:30 REPEATABILITY AND LINEARITY OF DERIVATIZES AMINES VIA DIRECT DERIVATIZATION ON TLC PLATES Kim Younsu, Ha Yeong Seon, Choi Sung Woon Department of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Cnu, Daejeon, Korea (South) 080 P 12-19 16:00-17:30 STUDY ON THE PROCESS EFFICIENCY OF METHOMYL, ENDOSULFAN, GLYPHOSATE, GLUFOSINATE FROM LIQUID EVIDENCES Eunyoung Han1, Heejin Yang 2, Ilung Seol 2, Dong Woo Kim 2, Sangeun Lee 1 College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Drug & Toxicology Section, National Forensic Service, Jeollanam-Do, Korea (South) 1 P 12-20 16:00-17:30 A FORENSIC AUTOPSY CASE OF SEROTONIN SYNDROME FROM INTOXICATION WITH MULTIPLE SELECTIVE SEROTONIN-REUPTAKE INHIBITORS Mio Takayama, Brian Waters, Kenji Hara, Aya Matsusue, Masayuki Kashiwagi, Shin-Ichi Kubo Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka City, Japan P 12-21 16:00-17:30 SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF TIMOLOL BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY: APPLICATION TO A FORENSIC PRACTICE Migiwa Asano1, Naoki Yoshioka2, Azumi Kuse3, Mai Morichika3, Emi Taniguchi1, Motonori Takahashi3, Takeshi Kondo3, Kanako Nakagawa3, Makoto Sakurada4, Yasuhiro Ueno3 Department of Legal Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan; 2Public Health Science Research Center, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Consumer Sciences, Kobe, Japan; 3Division of Legal Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Social Health Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; 4Forensic 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Science Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Police Headquarters, Kobe, Japan P 12-27 16:00-17:30 METABOLISM STUDIES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS BY CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS EXPLORATION OF POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS BASED ON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND THE PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF ALCOHOLDEPENDENCE Linchuan Liao, Youyi Yan, Hui Xiong, Yi Ye, Min Xiao, Run Guo Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil1, David Anderson2, Jane Cameron3, Shanlin Fu1 Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China P 12-22 16:00-17:30 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Cell Biology Facilty, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia 1 P 12-23 16:00-17:30 BLOOD CONCENTRATIONS OF AMLODIPINE, EPROSARTAN, ETIZOLAM, TRAZODONE AND CLOPIDOGREL IN A FATAL CASE AFTER THE OVERDOSE INGESTION OF THE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE BY LC-MS-MS Jongsook Rhee, Sunhye Park, Yuran Park, Gundong You, Yonghoon Park Drug & Forensic Toxicolgoy Division, Natioal Forensic Service, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea (South) P 12-24 16:00-17:30 UPLC-QTOF-MS METHOD EVALUATION ON DRUGS IN HUMAN BLOODS OF FIRE DEATH CASE Sunhye Park, Jongsook Rhee, Sanghee Woo, Yuran Park, Yonghoon Park Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Gangwon-do, Korea (South) P 12-25 16:00-17:30 EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON POSTMORTEM REDISTRIBUTION OF MDMA IN ACUTE ALCOHOLMDMA COMBINED-USE RATS Man Liang1, Na Zheng2, Yan Liu1, Liang Liu1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; 2 Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Guangdong, China 1 P 12-26 16:00-17:30 HEPATOTOXICITY OF ILLEGAL HOME-MADE ALCOHOLS Hasan Gökce1, Adnan Celikel2, Ramazan Akcan3, Cem Zeren2, Ibrahim Ortanca2, Sumeyra Demirkiran2 Department of Pathology, 1. Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 3 Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey 1 P 12-28 16:00-17:30 CASA® SUPPLEMENTAL AGENT INTOXICATION (CASE REPORT) Hee Jin Yang, Dong Woo Kin, Il Ung Seol Toxicology, National Forensic Service, Gwang-ju, Korea (South) P 12-29 16:00-17:30 COMPREHENSIVE DRUG SCREENING OF SUSPECTED GHB/GBL OVERDOSE CASES Michelle Wood1, Nayan Mistry1, Paul I Dargan2, David M Wood2, Christophe Stove3, Nele Sadones3, Robert Lee1, John R H Archer2 Health Sciences, Waters, Wilmslow, United Kingdom; 2Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Clinical Toxicology, London, United Kingdom; 3University of Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 1 P 12-30 16:00-17:30 SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH DUE TO OXYGEN DEFICIENCY AND CARBON DIOXIDE POISONING BY DECOMPOSITION GASES IN OPENED OCCUPATIONAL AREAS Nam Yee Kim1, Joung Shin Park2, Yuna Kim1, Bong Woo Lee3, Ho Lee4 Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 4Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, Korea (South) 1 2 P 12-31 16:00-17:30 METHOD VALIDATION OF MALE SEX HORMONE IN URINE FOR CHEMICAL CASTRATION AND COMPARISON ON HORMON LEVEL IN NORMAL GROUP Sujin Jeong1, Hyesun Yum1, Sungmin Moon1, Minji Kang1, Jungjoon Kim1, Kkonnip Son1, Juseon Lee 1, Sangki Lee 2, Seungkyung Baeck1 Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Div., National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Drug & Toxicology Lab., National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South) 1 P 12-32 16:00-17:30 SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ACONITUM ALKALOIDS IN A FATAL INTOXICATION CASE BY LC081 WFF2014 MS/MS Sujin Jeong, Hyesun Yum, Sungmin Moon, Minji Kang, Jungjoon Kim, Kkonnip Son, Juseon Lee, Seungkyung Baeck WEST INDIA Senthil Kumar1, Yogender Bansal1, Dalbir Singh1, Bikash Medhi2 Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Div., National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 12-33 16:00-17:30 DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES AND PCBS IN UMBILICAL CORD AND MATERNAL BLOOD; DATA FROM CUKUROVA, TURKEY Nebile Daglioglu1, Pinar Efeoglu1, Mete K. Gulmen1, Aynur Ahmedova2, Fatma Tuncay Ozgunen2 Forensic Toxicology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey; Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey 1 2 P 12-34 16:00-17:30 CARBONMONOXIDE POISONING IN DIVERS: A CASE REPORT Pinar Efeoglu1, Nebile Daglioglu1, Necmi Cekin1, Atilhan Kaya2, Tamer Eren2 Forensic Toxicology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey; Forensic Medicine, Branch of Adana Forensic Medicine, Adana, Turkey 1 2 Dept of Forensic medicine, Postgraduate Institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, India; 2Dept of clinical pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, India P 12-39 16:00-17:30 TOXICOLOGY FINDINGS IN CASES OF HANGING IN THE CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO OVER A 3-YEAR PERIOD Nikolas Lemos1, Ellen G. Moffatt2, Amy P. Hart2 Forensic Laboratory DIvision, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, San Francisco, United States; 2Medical Division, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, San Francisco, United States 1 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 16:00-17:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 13 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) P 13-3 16:00-17:30 DETECTABILITY AND FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR SIMULTANEOUS AND FAST SCREENING OF TARGET DRUGS IN POSTMORTEM BLOOD Seungkyung Baeck, Juseon Lee, Sujin Jeong, Hyesun Yeom, Sungmin Moon, Minji Kang, Jungjoon Kim QUANTITATIVE LEAD DETERMINATION IN COATING PAINT ON CHILD OUTWEAR BY LA-ICP-MS: A PRACTICAL CALIBRATION STRATEGY FOR SOLID SAMPLES Sevinc Zeynep Ellez, Selda Mercan, Zeynep Turkmen, Murat Yayla, Salih Cengiz Narcotics, forensic toxicology & chemistry division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Servce, Seoul, Korea (South) Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 12-36 P 13-4 P 12-35 16:00-17:30 16:00-17:30 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF MULTI PESTICIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS USING LC-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; QUADRUPOLE /TIME OF FLIGHT AND TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRY Hyung Seung Kim1, Jung Hyun Kim2 Scientific InvestigationLaboratory, MND Crime Investigation Command, Seoul, Korea (South); 2College of pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 12-37 16:00-17:30 ENVIRONMENTAL HEATH CATASTROPHE IN ARSENIC AFFECTED ENDEMIC AREA OF BALLIA DISTRICT INDIA Neha Chaurasia, S.k Pandey forensic medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India P 12-38 16:00-17:30 ALCOHOL AND PSYCHOACTIVE DRUG CONSUMPTION AMONG INJURED DRIVERS: AN EMERGENCY ROOM STUDY IN A TERTIARY TRAUMA CENTRE OF NORTH082 16:00-17:30 ANALYSIS OF CONDOMS BY GC/MS WITH A TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMABLE PYROLYZER Seh Youn Park1 Forensic Chemistry, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 13-6 16:00-17:30 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF NMR, GC-MS AND XRF FOR DETECTION OF ILLEGAL PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Mia Kwon, Kwang-Ho Jin, Woo-Yong Park, Suncheun Kim Physics and Chemistry, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South) P 13-7 16:00-17:30 THE STUDY ON THE ANALYSIS OF IGNITABLE LIQUIDS IN THE CLOTHING OF SUSPECTED ARSON Park Jongshin1, Kim Jaekyun1, Park Yoonshin1, Nam Geummun2, Min Jisook2 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Forensic Chemistry, Gwangju Instutite, National Forensic Science, Jeollanam-Do, Korea (South); 2Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forence Science, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 P 13-8 16:00-17:30 INFLUENCE OF PRINTING AND NINHYDRIN TEST ON CONVENTIONAL PAPER EXAMINATION Hiromi Itamiya, Ritsuko Sugita Third Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Chiba, Japan P 13-9 16:00-17:30 EXTENT AND PERSISTENCE OF SECONDARY GUNSHOT RESIDUE CONTAMINATION FROM POLICE OFFICERS AND NATIONAL SERVICEMEN IN SINGAPORE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY Khee Nguen Low, Yuling Ding, Alaric Chin Wai Koh, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore P 13-11 16:00-17:30 FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF PRINTING INKS USING TANDEM LIBS AND LA-ICP-MS Kiran Subedi, Tatiana Trejos, Jose Almirall Chemistry, FIU, Miami, United States P 13-12 16:00-17:30 STUDY OF GUN-SHOT RESIDUE BY XRF TECHNIQUE IN MONGOLIA Ts. Gantulga1, Tuvshin-Erdene Khaltar1, D. Bolortuya2 National Institute of Forensic Scientic, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; Nuclear Research Center, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 1 2 P 13-13 16:00-17:30 ON THE CASE OF THE FIRE VICTIMS BY GC AND GC/MS WITH K4FE(CN)6 AND PFBBR Joon Bae Lee1, O Seong Kwon1, Jae Hoon You1, Jin Hoon Lee1, Shungkun Shon1, Ki Jung Paeng2 Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Service-Daegu, Chilgok, Gyungbuk, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, Korea (South) 1 P 13-14 16:00-17:30 AN INDICATOR IN TIRE RUBBER FOR INVESTIGATING ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT THROUGH DERIVATIZATION WITH TFAA FOLLOWED BY GC/MS ANALYSIS Joon Bae Lee1, O Seong Kwon1, Jae Hoon You1, Shungkun Shon1, Jin Hoon Lee1, Ki Jung Paeng2 Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Service-Daegu, Chilgok, Gyungbuk, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, Korea (South) 1 P 13-15 16:00-17:30 THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN BLUE BALLPOINT PEN INKS ON PAPERS Jin Hee Lee1, Yu Rim Jang1, Sang Chul Hoe1, Kiwook Kim1, Geammun Nam1, Ji-Sook Min1 Chemical Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea (South); 3Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 13-16 16:00-17:30 THE DISCRIMINATION OF GINSENG CULTIVATING REGION USING LIGHT STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS Joo-Hyun Song1, Jin Hee Lee1, 3, Sang Chul Heo1, Kiwook Kim1, Guemmun Nam1, Myung Duck Kim1, Young Woon Kim1, WooYong Park2, Gwang-Ho Jin2, Mi-A Kwon2, Jisook Min1 Chemical Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Physical and Chemical Analysis Division, National Forensic Service(Daejeon institute, Dajeon, Korea (South); 3 Department of Chemistry, YonSei University, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 P 13-17 16:00-17:30 EDXRF ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOTIVE PAINTS IN MONGOLIA Tuvshin-Erdene Khaltar Department of Scientific Analyses, National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia P 13-18 16:00-17:30 ELEMENTAL FINGERPRINTING OF TIRES USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY (XRF) Dae-Jun Ahn1, Sang-Cheol Heo1, Ki-Wook Kim1, Geum-Mun Nam1, Myung-Duck Kim1, Ha-Sun Park1, Mi-A Kwon1, KwangHo Jin1, Woo-Yong Park1, Ji-Sook Min1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, WonJu, Korea (South); 2Division of Traffic Accident Analysis, National Forensic Service, WonJu, Korea (South); 3Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Dae jeon, Korea (South) 1 P 13-19 16:00-17:30 THE CASES OF FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION USING HAIR ANALYSIS Jisook Min, Kiwook Kim, Sangcheol Heo, Yurim Jang Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 13-20 16:00-17:30 ADVANCES IN ON-SITE FORENSIC ANALYSIS THOUGH RUGGEDIZED AND MOBILE GC/MS Rosalind Chia, Philip Tackett Detection, FLIR Systems, Singapore 083 WFF2014 October 17 (Friday) Akira Ishii Nagoya University, Japan IAFS Special Session Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) 09:00-10:30 SPECIAL SESSION 16 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) Grand Ballroom 104 (1F) 11:00-12:30 SPECIAL SESSION 18 - DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE / CYBER FORENSIC / QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (DMS/CF/QD) CHAIRPERSONS Daniel Isenshmid (USA), Meejung Park (Korea) CHAIRPERSONS Claude Roux (Australia), Heejo Lee (Korea) SS16-1 09:00-09:30 MASS SPECTROMETRY VS DESIGNER SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS Marilyn Huestis National Institute of Drug Abuse, USA SS16-2 09:30-10:00 DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DRUGS Gent University, Belgium 10:00-10:30 THE CHALLENGE OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES Korea University, Korea 11:30-12:00 APPLICATION OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL SHAPE IMAGES ON THE FIELD OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY Kazuhiko Imaizumi National Research Institute of Police Science, Japan Justice Tettey SS18-3 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Austria Grand Ballroom 103 (1F) 11:00-11:30 INTEGRITY VERIFICATION OF VIDEO CONTENTS IN A SURVEILLANCE CAMERA FOR DIGITAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATION Heejo Lee SS18-2 Alain Verstraete SS16-3 SS18-1 11:00-12:30 SPECIAL SESSION 17 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) 12:00-12:30 THE FUTURE OF FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINATION – “SAME OLD SAME OLD” OR “THE END OF THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT”? Claude Roux University of Technology, Australia CHAIRPERSONS Osamu Suzuki (Japan), Jaesin Lee (Korea) SS17-1 11:00-11:30 ILLICTT DRUG USE IN AUSTRALIA: PREVALENCE AND CONSEQUENCES Olaf Drummer Forensic Science in Korea This session is in Korean. Korean-English inerpretation will be provided. Auditorium (3F) Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine and Monash University, Australia MODERATOR SS17-2 FSK-1 11:30-12:00 CASES OF DEATH RELATED TO MULTIPLE DRUG USE Daniel Isenshmid NMS LABS, USA 12:00-12:30 APPLICATION OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYQUADRUPOLE-TIME-OF-FLIGHT-MASS SPECTROMETRY (LC-Q-TOFMS) TO FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY 084 Joo Hong Gho (Korea) 09:00-09:30 BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS IN KOREA: HISTORY, RESEARCHES AND CASE ANALYSES Young-Il Seo National Forensic Service, Korea October 17 (Friday) SS17-3 09:00-17:30 FSK-2 09:30-10:00 THE PROPOSAL OF THE METHOD TO PROVE CRIME EVIDENCES IN WATER Il Pyeong Kim WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Sang-jun Lee National Forensic Service, Korea FSK-3 10:00-10:30 THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON LEGAL AUTOPSY PERFORMED IN KOREA Byung Ha Choi National Forensic Service, Korea Korean Institute of Fire Investigation, Korea FSK-11 15:00-15:30 FORENSIC GENETIC ANALYSES OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOGROUPS AND CONTROL REGION VARIATION IN THE KOREAN POPULATION Seung Beom Hong FSK-4 11:00-11:30 DIGITAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATION NETWORK IN KOREA Insoo Lee National Forensic Service, Korea FSK-5 11:30-12:00 National Forensic Service, Korea 12:00-12:15 A STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF FIRE ORIGIN BY SHADOW ANALYSIS Seunghun Lee1, Sung-Chul Shin1, Sang-Jun Lee1, Jae-Hun Han1, Youngsun Ryu1, Jaeseok Lee1, Donmook Choi1 Div. Crime Scene Investigation, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Gachon Univeristy, Sungnam, Korea (South) 1 12:15-12:30 STUDY OF DISCRIMINATING THE SEQUENCE OF SEAL IMPRESSION AND PRINTED TEXT IN THE DOCUMENTS Ka Young Lee Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) FSK-8 16:00-16:30 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION THROUGH STYLISTIC ANALYSIS Central Documents Authenticatin Center; 2Yale Document Identification Center 1 FSK-13 Yunsik Jang FSK-7 FSK-12 Joo Hong Gho1, Hanseo Seo2 CYBER SECURITY AND DIGITAL FORENSICS: THOUGHTS ON THEIR RELATIONSHIP FSK-6 National Forensic Service, Korea 16:30-16:50 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN POSTMORTEM BLOOD USING LC-MS/MS AND A CASE REPORT, DEATH OF NICOTINE POISONING Hyesun Yum National Forensic Service, Korea FSK-14 16:50-17:10 COMPARISON OF FOUR DIFFERENT SPE SORBENT TYPES APPLIED FOR FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Jiyeong Jo National Forensic Service, Korea FSK-15 17:10-17:30 THE PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS AND ANALYSIS OF IGNITABLE LIQUIDS Geummun Nam National Forensic Service, Korea 14:00-14:20 ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPANT & PEDESTRIAN INJURY Jihun Choi IAFS Oral Presentation National Forensic Service, Korea 203 (2F) FSK-9 14:20-14:40 THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE BUILDING COLLAPSE USING MIDAS PROGRAM Chan-Seong Park 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 35 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : REGIONAL ISSUE I CHAIRPERSONS Kyungmoo Yang (Korea), Christopher Milroy (Canada) National Forensic Service, Korea O 35-1 FSK-10 14:40-15:00 THE STUDY ABOUT THERMAL DEFORMATION OF BODY HAIR FROM ARSONIST USING INFLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES 09:00-09:15 FETAL, NEONATAL AND INFANT DEATHS IN CHINA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CASES DETECTED IN TONGJI FORENSIC MEDICAL CENTER FROM 2001 TO 2013 085 WFF2014 Rongshuai Wang, Liang Liu, Qian Liu Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China O 35-2 09:15-09:30 TRENDS OF FATAL DELIBERATE SELF-HARM IN MANIPAL, INDIA Prashantha Bhagavath, Charan Kishore Shetty, Vikram Palimar Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India O 35-3 09:30-09:45 BURNED CORPSES AFTER FIRE IN A TEXTILE FACTORY: IDENTIFICATION AND FORENSIC ACTIVITIES Martina Focardi1, Francesco Mari2, Ugo Ricci3, Vilma Pinchi1 Department of Health Sciences, Forensic Sciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 2Department of Health Sciences, Division of Forensic Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 3Diagnostic Genetics Unit, Azienda OspedalieroUniversitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy 1 O 35-4 Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States 10:00-10:15 THE EXPERIENCE OF THE SAUDI FORENSIC MEDICOLEGAL SERVICE IN MASS DISASTER Khalid Jaber Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia O 35-6 10:15-10:30 FORENSIC ASPECTS OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING BY CHARCOAL BURNING IN DENMARK, 2008-2012: AN AUTOPSY BASED STUDY Alexandra Gheorghe, Martin Rune Christensen The Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 208A (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 36 - OTHERS (OTHERS) CHAIRPERSONS Haskell Pitluck (USA), Heesun Chung (Korea) O 36-3 09:00-09:15 THE PRESENT SITUATION ANALYSIS AND THOUGHTS AND SUGGESTIONS ON REVITALIZING CHINESE FORENSIC MEDICINE Xinshan Chen 086 O 36-4 09:15-09:30 PUPIL FUNCTION AS AN INDICATOR FOR BEING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS ACTING SUBSTANCES FROM A TRAFFIC-MEDICINE PERSPECTIVE Fabio Monticelli1, Fritz Priemer2, Ulrich Preiss3, Michael Böttcher4, Thomas Kellerr1 Forensic Medicine, Paris Lodron University, Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Forensic Expert Reports, University NürtingenGeislingen, München, Germany; 3Forensic Medicine, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Oldenburg, Germany; 4MVZ, Labor Dessau, Dessau-Rosslau, Germany 1 2 O 36-5 09:30-09:45 BODIES IN PARCELS Fawzi Benomran Forensic Medicne, Dubai Police/ Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 09:45-10:00 THE ROLE OF THE FORENSIC PATHOLOGIST IN INFECTIOUS EPIDEMICS Jeffrey Jentzen O 35-5 Department of Forensic Pathology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China O 36-6 09:45-10:00 HOMICIDE PATTERNS AND MOTIVES IN HATAY TURKEY Cem Zeren, Ibrahim Ortanca, Adnan Celikel, Sumeyra Demirkiran, M. Mustafa Arslan Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey 208A (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 37 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : NGS / KINSHIP CHAIRPERSONS Kyoung-Jin Shin (Korea), Jong-Jin Kim (Korea) O 37-1 09:00-09:15 SECOND GENERATION SEQUENCING OF FORENSIC GENETIC STR MARKERS Niels Morling Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark O 37-2 09:15-09:30 FORENSIC ADVANTAGES OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY FOR STR GENOTYPING USING THE PERSONAL ION GENOME MACHINE Joseph Chang, Chien-Wei Chang, Robert Lagace, Reina Langit, Narasimhan Rajagopalan, Sharon Wootton Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, California, United States WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 37-3 09:30-09:45 FINGERMARK RESIDUE MASSIVE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FORENSIC STR LOCI USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND ITS APPLICATION TO MIXTURE ANALYSIS Eun Hye Kim, In Seok Yang, Sang-Eun Jung, Hwan Young Lee, Woo Ick Yang, Kyoung-Jin Shin Sebastien Moret1, Xanthe Spindler1, Chris Lennard2, Claude Roux1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) O 38-2 O 37-4 09:45-10:00 APPLICATION OF THE NUMBER OF ALLELES IDENTICAL BY STATE AND DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS IN FULL SIBLING IDENTIFICATION Li Yuan1, Xu Xu1, He Ren2, Chong Chen3, Yan Shi3, Di Lu1 Key Laboratory of Evidence Science of Ministry of Educationcollaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Public Security Science and Technology, Beijing Police College, Beijing, China; 3Dna, Beijing Tongda Shoucheng Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China 1 O 37-5 10:00-10:15 COMPLEX KINSHIP ANALYSIS BY MULTI-GENOTYPING SYSTEM AND IBS SCORE Yan Liu1, Zhen-Min Zhao1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Forensic Science, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, Australia 1 09:15-09:30 FINGERMARK DETECTION USING FUNCTIONALIZED SILICON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES Sebastien Moret1, Andy Becue2, Claude Roux1, Christophe Champod2 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland 1 O 38-4 09:30-09:45 THE HOME OFFICE FINGERMARK VISUALISATION MANUAL Rory Downham Chemistry / Forensics, Home Office Centre for Applied Science and Technology, St Albans, United Kingdom O 38-5 09:45-10:00 Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China SINGLE- AND MULTI-TARGET IMMUNOGENIC REAGENTS FOR THE DETECTION OF LATENT FINGERMARKS: FIRST STEPS TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL REAGENT O 37-6 Xanthe Spindler1, Reasmey Tith1, Oliver Hofstetter2, Chris Lennard3, Claude Roux1 1 10:15-10:30 SNP AND X-STR AND MTDNA ANALYSIS IN MATERNITY TESTING WHEN THE FALSE MOTHER CAN NOT BE EXCLUDED BY 46 STRS GENOTYPING Li Li1, Yuan Lin1, Yan Liu1, Suhua Zhang1, Chengtao Li1, Shumin Zhao 1, Yacheng Liu2 Department of Forensic Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Department of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing Pubic Security Bureau, Beijing, China Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; 2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, United States; 3Forensic Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, Australia 1 1 204 (2F) 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 38 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) : FINGERPRINT CHAIRPERSONS 09:00-09:15 LATENT FINGERMARK DETECTION TECHNIQUES: TOWARDS A MORE FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING THROUGH MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE 10:00-10:15 THE RESEARCH OF EXTRACTING FINGERPRINTS ON MULTICOLOR BACKGROUND BY USING THE SPECTRAL IMAGING AND DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY Dan Wang Audio-Visual Material Inspection Technology Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China 209 (2F) Won Boon Park (USA), Dae-Kyoon Park (Korea) O 38-1 O 38-6 09:00-10:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 39 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) : FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY AND JUDICIAL NEEDS CHAIRPERSONS Ruediger Lessig (Germany), Sang Seob Lee (Korea) 087 WFF2014 O 39-1 09:00-09:15 DENTAL LITIGATION: THE PHENOMENON IN ITS REALITY Vilma Pinchi1, Stefano Garatti2, Francesco Pradella1, Giulia Vitale1, Marco Scarpelli1, Valerio Tinozzi3, Gianaristide Norelli1 O 40-2 Carole E Chaski1, Seung-Man Kang2 Department of Forensic Medical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy; 2Clinical Supervision Office, Hospital of Desio and Vimercate, Desio, Italy; 3None, Private Practice, Roma, Italy 1 O 39-2 O 40-3 1 09:15-09:30 DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED SOFTWARE TO CALCULATE TOOTH-PULP VOLUME RATIO FROM CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND ITS POSSIBLE APPLICATION TO AGE ESTIMATION Hoon-Ki Lee1, Sang-Seob Lee2, Jong-Il Yun1, Jeong-Yun Lee1 Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Division of Forensic Odontology, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 09:00-09:15 K-WISER: A COMPUTATIONAL-LINGUISTIC APPROACH TO DETECTING DECEPTION IN KOREAN WRITTEN STATEMENTS Research and Development, Institute for Linguistic Evidence, Georgetown, Delaware, United States; 2English Education, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea (South) 09:15-09:30 SUICIDE NOTES Faruk Asicioglu1, Sefa Saygili2 Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Kırklareli, Kırklareli, Turkey 1 1 O 39-3 09:30-09:45 AGE ESTIMATION IN DOWN SYNDROME SUBJECTS Laura Farese2, Stefano Garatti2, Vilma Pinchi1, Fabio Brusamolino2 O 40-4 09:30-09:45 SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF BRAIN ELECTRICAL OSCILLATION SIGNATURE PROFILING (BEOS_P) DIFFERENTIATING PERPETRATOR FROM WITNESS Anjali Yadav, Dr. Asha Srivastava Forensic Psychology Division, Cfsl/cbi, New Delhi, India O 40-5 09:45-10:00 Forensic Odontology, University of Florence, Milan, Italy; 2Special dentistry Clinic, Desio and Vimercate Hospital, Milan, Italy FUNCTION DISORDER ASSESSMENT ON PATIENTS WITH MILD PSYCHIATRIC IMPAIRMENT DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS O 39-4 Qinting Zhang 1 09:45-10:00 AGE ESTIMATION USING TOOTH DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN POPULATION Adisty Setyari Putri1, Benindra Nehemia Makes1, Nurtami Soedarsono1 Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China O 40-6 10:00-10:15 Oral Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Dental Radiology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 3Oral Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia STUDY ON DIFFERENCES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE ASSOCIATED WITH LYING FROM PSYCHOPATHIC TENDENCIES ON CONCEALED INFORMATION TEST O 39-5 Hong Hyeongi1, Ji Hyungki1, Kim Heesong1, Hyun Myoungho 2 1 10:00-10:15 ACCURACY OF AGE ESTIMATION USING THREE DENTAL DEVELOPMENT SCHEMAS Sakher Alqahtani1, Mark Hector3, Helen Liversidge2 College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; School of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; 3School of Dentistry, Dundee University, Dundee, United Kingdom Psychological Forensics Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 1 2 210 (2F) ORAL PRESENTATION 40 FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY / BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE (PBS) : PBS I CHAIRPERSONS Daniel A. Martell (USA), Yung Hyeock Lee (Korea) 088 09:00-10:30 203 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 41 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : REGIONAL ISSUE II CHAIRPERSONS John Clark (UK), Hongil Ha (Korea) O 41-2 11:00-11:15 RETROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON SUICIDAL DEATHS IN COLOMBO NORTH AND COLOMBO SOUTH TEACHING HOSPITALS IN SRI LANKA (2004-2013) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2, Nirmala Perera3, Dhammika Ariyarathne4, Anjana De Silva5 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 5 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ragama, Sri Lanka 1 O 41-3 11:15-11:30 STATISTICS OF HOMICIDAL CASES FROM 20112013 IN DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & MEDICOLEGAL, CIPTO MANGUNKUSUMO HOSPITAL, JAKARTA, INDONESIA Yudy Yudy, Atmadja Djaja Surya Department of Forensic Medicine & Medicolegal, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia O 41-4 11:30-11:45 RETROSPECTIVE AUTOPSY BASED STUDY OF FATAL ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN FIJI James J V P Kalougivaki1, Ponnu R Goundar 2 Senior Forensic Pathology Registrar, Fiji Institute of Forensic Science, Fiji Police Force, Suva, Fiji; 2Reader and Head, Fiji Institute of Forensic Science, Fiji Police Force, Suva, Fiji 1 O 41-5 11:45-12:00 FORENSIC AUTOPSY STUDY OF RURAL AREAS WITH SMALL CITIES Sohyung Park1, Byung Ha Choi1, Hye Jin Park1, Hyoung-Joong Kim2, Young-Shick Choi3, Sung Jin Cho4, Dae Yeol Kim1, Young Joo Kim1, Whee Yeol Cho5 Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic Medicine, Seoul Clinic of Korea Forensic Investigation, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Seoul Institute of Scientific Investigation, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 4 Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute of Scientific Investgation, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Forensic Medicine Division, Gwangju Institute of Scientific Investigation, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South) 1 O 41-6 12:00-12:15 INVESTIGATION OF THE CAUSE OF DEATH IN FINLAND Ursula Vala, Eeva Siitonen Forensic Medicine Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland 208A (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 42 OTHERS : REGIONAL ISSUE II CHAIRPERSONS Ronald L Singer (USA) O 42-1 11:00-11:15 STUDY ON THE TIME INVERSION OF DROWNED VICTIMS BY MARINE FOULING ORGANISMS Hyun Woung Shin1, Il Pyeong Kim2 Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea (South); 2Dept. of investigation, Gunsan Cost Guard, Gunsan, Korea (South) 1 O 42-2 11:15-11:30 A SURVEY OF CULTURABLE BACTERIA ON THE SKIN OF DECOMPOSING SWINE (SUS SCROFA DOMESTICUS) Lauren Chun1, Marcus Miguel1, Emily N. Junkins1, Kayla Balasbas1, Shari L. Forbes2, David O. Carter1 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, United States; 2Centre for Forensic Science, School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia 1 O 42-4 11:30-11:45 VALIDATING AN EQUATION TO ESTIMATE POSTMORTEM INTERVAL ON O’AHU, HAWAI‘I Christopher G Inoue1, David O Carter2 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, and City and County of Honolulu Department of the Medical Examiner, HI, United States; 2 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Hl, United States 1 O 42-5 11:45-12:00 LIGE STYLE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE - HOW BODY WEIGHT IMPACT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY James A J (Rex) Ferris IAFS, Counccil Member, New Zealand 208B (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 43 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : SW & NEW SYSTEM CHAIRPERSONS Ki-Wha Chung (Korea), Kyung-Lyong Lee (Korea) 089 WFF2014 O 43-2 11:00-11:15 PROCESSING BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM CRIME SCENE SAMPLES ON THE RAPIDHIT® SYSTEM FOR INVESTIGATIVE LEAD DEVELOPMENT Lori K Hennessy Applications/R&D, IntegenX, Pleasanton, United States O 43-3 11:15-11:30 O 44-1 11:00-11:15 ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION OF NANOPARTICLES AS A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATENT FINGERMARKS Roberto Rosa, Paolo Veronesi, Cristina Leonelli Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy O 44-2 11:15-11:30 LABORATORY IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE USING A CONTINUOUS MODEL FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF DNA PROFILES THE RESEARCH OF COMPARING THE FINGERPRINT AND THE ARTIFICIAL FINGER STREAK LINE MOULAGE Aoyang Yu Jo-Anne Bright1, Duncan Taylor2, James Curran3, John Buckleton1 Trace Examination Technology Department, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China Forensic Biology, Esr Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand; 2Forensic Biology, Fssa, South Australia, Australia; 3Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 1 O 43-4 11:30-11:45 POWERQUANTTM SYSTEM: A NEW ROBUST HUMAN AND MALE SPECIFIC DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM THAT MONITORS DNA INTEGRITY Jessi Sim Support and Training, Promega Corporation, Perth, Australia O 43-5 11:45-12:00 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION IN MIXED SEMINAL STAIN OF TWO INDIVIDUALS Baojie Wang1, Mei Ding1, Lu Zhang1, Hao Pang1, Chunhong Wang1, Jun Yao1, Song Han2, Jiaxin Xing1, Jinfeng Xuan1, Miao Fan1 School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China O 44-4 ANOTHER CSI EFFECT, EFFECTS OF DRAMAS ON CRIMES Hoseon Lee, Byeonggwan Woo, Doyun Seong, Jiwon Park, Dongho Joe senior year, Korean national police university, Yongin-si, Seoul, Korea (South) O 44-6 12:00-12:15 11:45-12:00 VIRTUAL REALITY BASED COLLABORATIVE CRIME SCENE SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT Youngwon Kim, Changhyeon Lee, Jonggil Ahn, Gerard Jounghyun Kim Department of Computer and Radio Communications Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 O 43-6 11:30-11:45 209 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 45 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) : BITE MARK AND BODY IDENTIFICATION DEVELOPMENT OF TWO NOVEL DNA ANALYSIS METHODS TO IMPROVE WORKFLOW EFFICIENCY FOR CHALLENGING FORENSIC SAMPLES CHAIRPERSONS Sudhir Sinha, Hiromi Brown, Anne Montgomery, Gina Pineda, Marion Carroll MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC ASPECTS OF TEETH EXPOSED TO ACIDS Hana Eliasova1, Tatjana Dostalova2, Ivana Turkova1 Forensic Genetics, InnoGenomics Technologies, LLC, New Orleans, United States 204 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 44 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) : FINGERPRINT, ACCREDITATION / TRAINING / EDUCATION CHAIRPERSONS Joseph Almog (Israel), SungGi Lee (Korea) 090 Carl KK Leung (Hong Kong), Patrick Thevissen (Belgium) O 45-2 11:00-11:15 anthropology, biology and physiodetection, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; 2stomatology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 3chemistry, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic 1 O 45-3 11:15-11:30 COURSE OF FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY WITH FOCUS ON IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWN VICTIMS AFTER MASS DISASTERS Ruediger Lessig WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Institute of Legal Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of HalleWittenberg, Halle, Germany O 45-4 11:30-11:45 THE PROFILE OF LIP PRINT PATTERN OF TWO SUBPOPULATION IN INDONESIA O 46-6 Serviço de Medicina Legal, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique Windrianto Mochamad Atmaji1, Atmadja Djaja Surya2, Yuniastuti Mindya1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-Legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 1 O 45-5 11:45-12:00 11:45-12:00 A CASE OF CHILD TORTURE IN MOZAMBIQUE Denisse Reves, Virgílio Ceia 203 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 47 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : FORENSIC IMAGING I CHAIRPERSONS Morio Ino (Japan), Hyungseok Kim (Korea) IMPORTANCE OF HEALING IN BITE MARK O 47-1 Yasir Osman Yousif Ali1, Ogeel Sowar Aldahab2, Elhadi Mohi Eldin2, Yousif Osman Yousif 1, Khalid Kabsor1, Md Salah1 UTILITY OF POSTMORTEM X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) FOR MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSIES ON DECEDENTS WITH BLUNT FORCE INJURIES Kurt B. Nolte1, Sarah L. Lathrop2, Gary M. Hatch1, Chandra Y. Gerrard1, Jamie Elifritz3, Brad W. Cushnyr3, Gary Mlady3, Jennifer Pohl3, Sam W. Andrews2, Ian D. Paul2 Odontology, National Ribat University, Sudan, Sudan; Odontology, University of Khartoum, Sudan, Sudan; 3Forensic Odontology, National Ribat University, Khartoun, Sudan 1 2 14:00-14:15 Departments of Pathology and Radiology-Center for Forensic Imaging, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, United States; 2Department of Pathology, Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, United States; 3 Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA, United States 1 210 (2F) 11:00-12:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 46 FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY / BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE (PBS) : PBS II CHAIRPERSONS Carole E Chaski (USA), Jisun Park (Korea) O 46-1 11:00-11:15 JUVENILES WHO COMMIT SEXUAL OFFENCES AGAINST MINORS: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS Dilek Celik1, Gokhan Oral2 Psychology, Suleyman Sah University, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey 1 O 47-2 THE EVALUATION OF POST-MORTEM MSCT CORONARY CALCIFICATION SCORE USNG IN DIAGNOSE OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH Wan Lei Forensic, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China O 47-3 O 46-4 11:15-11:30 FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: DIFFERENTIATE INNOCENT AND GUILTY SUBJECTS IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION CASES IN INDIAN SCENARIO 14:15-14:30 14:30-14:45 PATHOLOGICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN INVESTIGATING PEDIATRIC HEAD AND NECK TRAUMA Jeffrey Jentzen Pathology, University, Ann Arbor, United States Asha Srivastava, Anjali Yadav O 47-4 Forensic Psychology Division, Cfsl/cbi, New Delhi, India MULTIPHASE POST-MORTEM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY – RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER VALIDATION STUDY Jochen Grimm1, Silke Grabherr1, Axel Heinemann2, Giuseppe Guglielmi3, Krzysztof Wozniak4, Franziska Eplinius5, Fabrice Dedouit6, Florian Fischer7, Guy Rutty8, Bruno Morgan8 O 46-5 11:30-11:45 PREDICTION OF OFFENDER RESIDENCE USING GEOGRAPHIC PROFILING SYSTEM Yeondae Jung Scientific Investigation Center, Korean National Police Agency, Seoul, Korea (South) 14:45-15:00 Legal Medicine, University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne/ geneva and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; 1 091 WFF2014 Institute for Legal Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 3Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; 4Department of Legal Medicine, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; 5 Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; 6Department of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Tulouse, Tulouse, France; 7Institute for Legal Medicine, LudwigMaximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; 8East Midlands Forensic Pathology Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; 9Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 10Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 2 O 47-5 15:00-15:15 CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY STUDIES OF PIG HEART Wan Lei Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China O 47-6 15:15-15:30 EFFICACY AND EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-PHASE POST MORTEM CT-ANGIOGRAPHY (MPMCTA) ON ALTERED BODIES Christine Chevallier1, Francesco Doenz2, Paul Vaucher3, Patrice Mangin1, Silke Grabherr1 Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, University, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, University, Geneva, Switzerland 1 208A (2F) O48-3 14:30-14:45 RECREATIONAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN COLOMBO-SRI LANKA Sanjaya Hulathduwa1, Jean Perera2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka 1 O 48-4 14:45-15:00 INCREASED DRUG SEIZURES IN HATAY -TURKEY RELATED TO CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA M.mustafa Arslan, Cem Zeren, Adnan Celikel, Ibrahim Ortanca, Sumeyra Demirkiran Department of Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey O 48-6 15:00-15:15 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EMERGING DESIGNER DRUGS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY, ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY, AND DIRECT ANALYSIS IN REAL TIME QUADRUPOLE TIMEOF-FLIGHT Seongshin Gwak, Jose R. Almirall Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, United States 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 49 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : MICROBIOLOGY & PLANT AND OTHER ANIMAL Olaf Drummer (Australia), Keller Thomas (Austria) CHAIRPERSONS 14:00-14:15 CURRENT PATTERNS OF DESIGNER DRUG USE IN THE US ELECTRONIC DANCE MUSIC COMMUNITY Jillian Yeakel1, Barry Logan1, Amanda Mohr1 Forensic Toxicology, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2Forensic Toxicology, Nms Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3Forensic Toxicology, American Registry of Pathology, Dover, United States 1 14:15-14:30 DESIGNER DRUGS IN BRAZIL 2012/2014: THE LIFE WITHOUT STANDARDS Leandro F. Machado1, Joao C. L Ambrosio1, Adriano O. 092 2 208B (2F) CHAIRPERSONS O 48-2 Nacional Institute of Criminalistic, Federal Police, Brasilia, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil 1 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 48 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) : ILLICIT DRUGS O 48-1 Maldaner1, Aline L. Oliveira2, Juliana D. Schlischka1, Clarisse F. Ferreira1 Jo-Anne Bright (New Zealand) O 49-1 14:00-14:15 UTILITY OF SOIL MICROBIOME IN IDENTIFICATION OF CARRION DECOMPOSITION SITE Baneshwar Singh1, Tawni L. Crippen2, Vanessa Sufrin1, Aaron M. Tarone3, Jennifer L. Pechal4, M. Eric Benbow4, Jeffery K. Tomberlin3 Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States; 2Food and Feed Safety Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, United States; 3Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, United States; 4Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 49-2 14:15-14:30 O 50-3 14:15-14:30 DOES HUMAN HANDS BACTERIAL FLORA USEFUL IN FORENSIC SCIENCES? CHAINSAW TOOL MARK STRATIGRAPHY PATTERNS James Bailey1, Piotr Trojanowski2, Sergeii Buhonsky3 Ayse Kaya, Huseyin Cakan, Filiz Ekim Cevik 1 Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey O 49-3 14:30-14:45 GROWTH CURVES OF C MEGACEPHALA(FABRICIUS) (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE) LARVAE AT SIX CONSTANT TEMPERATURE REGIMES FOR ESTIMATION OF POST MORTEM INTERVALS (PMI) IN MALAYSIA Zakaria Ikhwan1, Mohamed Abdul Majid1, Surin Johari2, Omar Baharuddin3 Pusat Asasi Sains, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1 O 49-4 14:45-15:00 THE SUCCESSION PATTERN OF FORENSICALLY IMPORTANT COLEOPTERA ON PIG CARCASSES IN SOUTHERN CHONGQING Law Enforcement, Minnesota State University, Mankato, United States; 2Manager of Crime Scene Officers, Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland; 3Forensic Research Center, Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kherson, Ukraine O 50-4 14:30-14:45 DETECTION OF RECENT HOLDING OF FIREARMS: IMPROVING THE SENSITIVITY OF THE PDT TEST Joseph Almog, Karni L. Bar-Or, Amihud Leifer, Yair Delbar, Yinon Harush-Brosh Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel O 50-5 14:45-15:00 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DUST AND DRY RESIDUE FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION LIFTING EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OBJECTS IN USING THE ELECTROSTATIC LIFTING Yao Li, Ding Ke Department of trace examination technology, National Police University of China, Shen Yang, China Zhou Lv1, Rui Tang1, Yongqiang Yang2, Lvzi Xu1, Lihua Wan1 O 50-6 Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; 2 Wansheng District Sub-Bureau, Public Security Bureau of Chongqing, Chongqing, China THE NEW METHOD OF FINDING THE AREA OF ORIGIN INCLUDING THE PARABOLIC MOTION OF BLOOD DROPLETS Young-Il Seo, Dong-Hwan Kim, Jin-Pyo Kim, Byung-Sun Moon, Kyung-Hwa Lee, Jae-Yong Song, Young-Woo Choi, Sang-Yoon Lee, Jae-Mo Goh, Nam-Kyu Park 1 O 49-5 15:00-15:15 DEVELOPMENT OF A GENETIC ASSAY TO IDENTIFY DRUG-CONTAINING PLANT SPECIES IN A MIXTURE 15:00-15:15 Divisiton of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Kelly Elkins, Anjelica Perez Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, Md, United States 204 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 50 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/ SI) : ACCREDITATION / TRAINING / EDUCATION, SCENE INVESTIGATION CHAIRPERSONS Brian Yamashita (Canada), YoungIl Cho (Korea) O 50-2 14:00-14:15 LINKAGE OF CRIMINAL CASES USING SHOEPRINT LEFT AT CRIME SCENE BASED ON THE MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 209 (2F) 14:00-15:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 51 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (DENTAL IDENTIFICATION) (OD) CHAIRPERSON Hrvoje Brkic (Croatia) O 51-1 14:00-14:15 FLIGHT AF 447 RIO DE JANEIRO-PARIS CRASH ON JUNE 1ST 2009 FORENSIC ODONTOSTOMATOLOGIC ASPECTS Hutt Jean Marc, Drogou Gwenola, Danjard Charles Forensic Odontology, AFIO, PARIS, France O 51-2 14:15-14:30 Huanzhang Fu MEDIA BROADCASTING AND FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY Drogou Gwenola, Hutt Jean Marc Marks Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China AFIO, IOFOS, PLOEMEUR, France 093 WFF2014 O 51-3 14:30-14:45 MINERALOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF 13C AND 18O FOR APPLICATIONS IN FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY Fabio Salvador1, Tais Muniz2, Ademir Rosario Jr.3, Jose Manoel Reis Neto2 Federal Police Department, Ministry of Justice, Curitiba, Brazil; Geology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; 3Stomatology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil 1 2 O 51-4 14:45-15:00 DISCRIMINATION POTENTIAL OF ROOT CANAL TREATED TOOTH IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY Khalid Khalid Forensic Dentistry, University of science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan O 51-6 15:00-15:15 A GLANCE AT DENTAL IMPLANTS AS A FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION TOOL: A REVIEW ARTICLE Arash Ghodousi3, Zohre Maleki1, Ehsan Talebzade2 Faculty of dentistry, Khorasgan (Isfahan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of dentistry, Khorasgan (Isfahan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3 Department of nursing & midwifery, Khorasgan (Isfahan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of HELPS POSTMORTEM IMAGING TO DIAGNOSE THE CAUSE OF DEATH: TOXICOLOGICAL RESULTS AND GAS DISTRIBUTION Vincent Varlet1, Coraline Egger2, Fiona Smith1, Nicole Giuliani1, Audrey Rinaldi3, Alexandre Dominguez3, Silke Grabherr2 Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2 Forensic Imaging Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3School of Health Sciences, Radiologic Medical Imaging Technology, Hes-So, Lausanne, Switzerland 1 O 52-3 16:30-16:45 INTERPRETATIVE CORRELATION OF 3D VIRTUAL MEDICAL IMAGING IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY IN TAIWAN Mu Zon Wu1 Department and Post-graduate Institue of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan Univeristy, College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan; 2Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan 1 1 203 (2F) 16:00-17:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 52 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) : FORENSIC IMAGING II CHAIRPERSON Seongho Yoo (Korea) O 52-1 16:00-16:15 O 52-4 Department of Legal Medicine (Forensic Medicine), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Emergency Department, Nakakawachi Medical Center of Acute Medicine, Osaka, Japan 1 O 52-5 1 Coraline Egger1, Vincent Varlet2, Fiona Smith2, Nicolle Giuliani2, Audrey Rinaldi3, Alejandro Dominguez3, Silke Grabherr1 O 52-6 Forensic Imaging Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3School of Health Sciences, Radiologic Medical Imaging Technology, Hes-So, Lausanne, Switzerland O 52-2 16:15-16:30 THE GAS PROJECT PART 2 WHEN GAS ANALYSIS 094 17:00-17:15 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF POSTMORTEM TISSUE DEGRADATION FOR BLOOD AND MUSCLE TISSUE USING DUAL ENERGY CT Jang Gyu Cha1, Kyungmoo Yang2, Youngseok Lee2, Sangbeom Lim2, Bongwoo Lee2, Joongseok Seo2 THE GAS PROJECT PART 1 WHEN GAS ANALYSIS HELPS POSTMORTEM IMAGING TO DIAGNOSE THE CAUSE OF DEATH: SAMPLING PROTOCOL AND PRELIMINARY STUDY 1 16:45-17:00 EVALUATION OF A STAB WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN BY CT IMAGING IN A LIVING VICTIM Morio Iino1, Jun Tanaka2, Shigeru Shiono2, Masaki Q. Fujita1 Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (South); 2medical examiner's office, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 17:15-17:30 THREE-DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL SURFACE DOCUMENTATION IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY Mikolas Jurda1, Petra Urbanova1, Petr Hejna2 Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 208A (2F) 16:00-17:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 53 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) : ILLICIT DRUGS CHAIRPERSONS Seungkyung Baeck (Korea), Alain Verstraete (Belgium) O 53-1 16:00-16:15 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF MAJOR SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS AND A STRATEGY TO IDENTIFY OTHER SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS FROM HUMAN HAIR USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY Heeseung Kim, Jaechul Cheong, Jaeil Lee, Sungill Suh, Minkyoung Kim, Jinyoung Kim, Moonkyo In (GC/MS/MS) Yan Shi, Ping Xiang, Min Shen Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China O 53-6 Ronald Shimmon Chemistry and Forensic, Faculty of Science/universtity of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia Forensic Chemistry Laboratory, Supreme Prosecutor's Office, Seoul, Korea (South) O 53-2 16:15-16:30 METABOLIC STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC CANNABINOID AM2201 BY CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS Shimpei Watanabe1, Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil1, Jane Cameron2, Shanlin Fu1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Cell Biology Team, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia 1 O 53-3 16:30-16:45 COCAINE AND CARDIAC SUDDEN DEATH Mohammadhassan Ghadiani1, Seyyed Shahabeddin Sadr2 Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of 1 O 53-4 16:45-17:00 HAIR ANALYSIS FOR FIVE SERIES OF AMINOALKYLINDOLE TYPES SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS AND METABOLITES BY LC/ESI-MS/ MS AND THE PIGMENTATION EFFECT FOR THEIR INCORPORATION INTO HAIR USING RAT MODEL Jihyun Kim1, Yuran Park1, Sangwhan In1, Meejung Park1, Ilchung Shin1, Moonhee Jang1, Wonkyung Yang1, Seungkyung Baeck1, Eunmi Kim1, Sooyeun Lee2 17:15-17:30 VALIDATION OF A SENSITIVE AND SELECTIVE COLOUR TEST METHOD FOR SCREENING PIPERAZINE ANALOGUES MORGAN PHILP1, RONALD SHIMMON1, NATASHA STOJANOVSKA1, MARK TAHTOUH2 AND SHANLIN 208B (2F) 16:00-17:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 54 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) : ILLICIT DRUGS CHAIRPERSONS Christopher Kiu Choong (Singapore), Nam-Soo Cho (Korea) O 54-2 16:00-16:15 STUDY OF RAPIDLY-MUTATING Y-STRS IN ENDOGAMOUS PUNJABI POPULATION FROM PAKISTAN Atif Adnan1, Allah Rakha1, Arwin Rulf2, Manfred Kayser2 Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands 1 O 54-3 16:15-16:30 INCREASED NUMBER OF LOCI : GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE PERFORMANCE OF POWERPLEX FUSION, GLOBALFILER CASEWORK AND INVESTIGATOR ID PLEX 24 Nor Aidora Saedon, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Mohd Iqbal Zulkafli, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya Selangor, Malaysia 1 O 54-4 O 53-5 Tuntas Dhanardhono1, Toshimichi Yamamoto2, Sigid Kirana1, Kunthi Yulianti3, Rika Susanti4, Erwin Kristanto5, Akira Ishii2 Narcotic,toxicologic & Chemical Department, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea (South) 17:00-17:15 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF HAIR ENDOGENOUS GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE (GHB) LEVELS OF CHINESE POPULATION USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY 16:30-16:45 POPULATION GENETIC STUDY OF SIX MINI STR `MIDI 6` SYSTEMS IN INDONESIAN POPULATIONS Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia; 2Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, University of Nagoya, Nagoya, Japan; 3Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Udayana, Bali, 1 095 WFF2014 Indonesia; 4Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Andalas, Padang, Indonesia; 5Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia O 55-4 O 54-5 O 55-5 16:45-17:00 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF 30 INDEL LOCI IN TURKEY Arzu Duvenci, Gonul Filoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gulten Rayimoglu, Havva Altuncul Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China 17:00-17:15 DOES GENE POLYMORPHISM PLAY A ROLE IN CASES OF CHILD ABUSE AMONG EGYPTIANS?DOES GENE POLYMORPHISM PLAY A ROLE IN CASES OF CHILD ABUSE AMONG EGYPTIANS? Dina Shokry 16:45-17:00 STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF WALKING SPEED ON THE GAIT PATTERN Chengqing Tang Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China O 55-6 O 54-6 16:30-16:45 IDENTIFICATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN FIRE Li Li Li 17:00-17:15 ESTIMATION OF SEX FROM THE GAIT CHARACTERISTICS DURING PROPULSION PHASE Chengqing Tang Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Forensic Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt O 54-7 17:15-17:30 A SIMPLE WAY OF HUMAN MITOCHONDRIA HV1 AND HV2 ANALYSIS FOR MASSIVE SAMPLE USING NGS Kim Min-Hee, Ahn Eu-Ree, Lee Sunkyung, Yoo Seong Yeon, Kwak Kyoung-Don, Moon Sang-Ok, Park Myung Jin, Jung Sammy, Lee Yang Han Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, won-ju, Korea (South) 204 (2F) 16:00-17:30 ORAL PRESENTATION 55 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) : SCENE INVESTIGATION, TRAFFIC ACCIDENT / GAIT ANALYSIS / EXPLOSION CHAIRPERSONS Alastair Ross (Australia) O 55-1 16:00-16:15 OVERCOMING CHALLENGES IN SCIENTIFIC SCENE/ EVENT SIMULATIONS Chin-Chin Lim, Michael Ming Kiong Tay, Poh Ling Chia Forensic Science, The Forensic Experts Group, Singapore O 55-2 16:15-16:30 IAFS Poster Presentation Auditorium Lobby (3F) 09:00-10:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 14 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) P 14-1 09:00-10:30 THE BASIC EXAMINATION ON KINETIC PHENOMENON OF SINGLE FIBER TRANSFERENCE FROM GARMENT TO HUMAN SKIN IN SIMULATED GROPING CASE Shinichi Suzuki Identification Center, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan P 14-2 09:00-10:30 DISPOSAL OF TRACE EVIDENCE ON EXPLOSION SCENES Lihong Chen, Hongguo Zhang, Yanchun Zhang Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China P 14-3 09:00-10:30 GC-MS ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHINE AS PHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE Saif Eldin A. Khalil, Khalid Al Sumaiti, Hamda Ali S. Al Obaidli STUDY OF TRACE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS JUDICIAL IDENTIFICATION General Department of Forensic Science, Dubai Police, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Zhiyong Zhang P 14-4 Department of Road Traffic Accident Investigation, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice,p.r.c, Shanghai, China EXAMINATION OF MARKS ON THE CONVEX BIT KEY DUPLICATED BY MACHINE 096 09:00-10:30 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Yi Jin, Lin Dai Department of Trace Examination Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 14-5 09:00-10:30 CHARACTERIZATION OF B5 BIODIESEL FUEL SAMPLES USING GCXGC-TOFMS Yuna Kim, Nam Yee Kim, Seh Youn Park, Seung Jin Ryu, Jin Mi Jung, Ji Eun Jung, Ja Youl Yang, Jae Hoon You Forensic Chemistry Section, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) P 14-6 09:00-10:30 ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF GREEN COFFEE AND ITS INFUSIONS BY ICP-MS Selda Mercan, Sevcan Semen, Murat Yayla, Munevver Acikkol, Salih Cengiz Forensic Toxicology, Institutes of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey P 14-7 09:00-10:30 THE USE OF CONFOCAL SCANNING LASER MICROSCOPY IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL MARKS EXAMINATION Huan Jiang, Lihong Chen Criminal Investigation, Jilin Police College, Changchun, China P 14-8 09:00-10:30 AMINO MAGNETIC BEADS-INVESTIGATION OF GC-MS ANALYTIC METHOD Yan Zhong, Xiaoyu Xu, Wenlin Xie, Yuhang Xu Investigation Department, Jilin Police College, Changchun, Jilin Province, China P 14-9 09:00-10:30 THE RECOVERY OF FOOTWEAR MARKS FROM THE INSIDE OF CLOTHING Michael Gorn Forensic Services Unit, Sarasota Co. Sheriff's Office, Sarasota, United States P 14-11 09:00-10:30 (IFG) Ritsuko Sugita1, Laurance Donnelly2 Third Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 2Chair, IUGS-IFG, Wardell Armstrong International, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom 1 P 14-13 09:00-10:30 TEXTILE FIBRE POPULATIONS ON WINDOW FRAMES: CAN WE USE USB MICROSCOPES FOR FIBRES SCREENING AT SCENES? Claire Gwinnett, Alun Thomas Forensic and Crime Science Department, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom P 14-15 09:00-10:30 SOLUTION CALIBRATION METHOD USING LA-ICP-MS FOR METALLIC MATERIALS Sang-Cheol Heo, Kiwook Kim, Ji-Sook Min, Geum Mun Nam, Myung Duck Kim Chemical analysis division, National Forensic Service, Wonju-si, Korea (South) P 14-16 09:00-10:30 RAPID ON-SITE FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF EXPLOSIVES AND NARCOTICS Ruth Griffin1, Peter Edwards2, Aidan Quinn3, Jonathan Middleton4, Amy Mayes5, Paul Webster6, Marcel Mayor7, Osmo Anttalainen1 Historical cases, FSNI, Carrickfergus, United Kingdom; Technical Director, Microsaic Systems, Surrey, United Kingdom; 3 Coordinator, Tyndall Institute, Cork, Ireland; 4EU team, PSNI, Belfast, United Kingdom; 5Microchemistry, FSNI, Carrickfergus, United Kingdom; 6Explosives, FSNI, Carrickfergus, United Kingdom; 7Professor, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 8Vice President Technology, Environics OY, Mikkeli, Switzerland 1 2 P 14-17 09:00-10:30 PREPARATION OF PALLADIUM-GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES AND PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF VARIOUS ORGANIC DYES Jae Jin Kim, Weon Bae Ko ORGANIC COMPOSITION PROFILES OF WET WIPES IN TURKEY Zeynep Turkmen, Selda Mercan, Sevcan Semen, Tarkan Barut, Murat Yayla, Salih Cengiz Department of Chemistry, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea (South) Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Forensic Toxicology, Istanbul, Turkey PHYSICAL PROFILING OF AMPHETAMINE TYPE STIMULANTS (ATS) TABLETS SEIZED IN FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL Katharina M Placido2, Ana F B Andrade1, Luciano Chaves Arantes1, Eduardo D Ramalho1 P 14-12 09:00-10:30 THE INTERNATIOANL UNION OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES(IUGS), INITIATIVE ON FORENSIC GEOLOGY P 14-18 09:00-10:30 Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; 1 097 WFF2014 Criminalistics Institute, Federal District Civil Police, Brasília, Brazil 2 P 14-19 09:00-10:30 ANALYSIS OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL IN LUBRICATING OIL BY SPME-GC/MS THROUGH IN-FIBER DERIVATIZATION WITH BSTFA AND CYCLOHEXANONE Joon Bae Lee1, O Seong Kwon1, Jae Hoon You1, Shungkun Shon1, Jin Hoon Lee1, Ki Jung Paeng2 Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Service-Daegu, Chilgok, Gyungbuk, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, Korea (South) 1 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 09:00-10:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 15 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) P 15-3 09:00-10:30 Yunyun Wang, Xiaowei Zhou, Haoran Li, Liang Ren, Liang Liu, Yan Liu, Qian Liu, Sunnassee Ananda, Shaohua Zhu Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 09:00-10:30 09:00-10:30 VIOLENT DEATH IN A RARE PEROXISOMAL DISEASE ZELLWEGER SYNDROME Bogdan Malinescu1, Eliza Martius2, Ana Maria Pelin3 Head of the Institution, Ilfov Medico-Legal Service, Bucharest, Romania; 2Department of Pathology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dunarea De Jos ""University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Galati, Romania" 1 P 15-8 09:00-10:30 SUDDEN DEATH DUE TO UNDIAGNOSED ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: A CASE REPORT Tao Wang, Jianhua Zhang, Zhiqiang Qin, Yijiu Chen Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 15-9 MISSED DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION IN LATE PREGNANCY - AN AUTOPSY CASE REPORT P 15-4 P 15-7 09:00-10:30 DELAYED CARDIAC RUPTURE AFTER VEHICLE ACCIDENTS: 2 CASE REPORTS Zou Donghua, Shao Yu, Zhang Jianhua, Li Zhengdong, Liu Ningguo, Huang Ping, Chen Yijiu Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Pathology, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China P 15-11 09:00-10:30 SUICIDE PACTS IN SRI LANKA Kumara Senanayake SUDDEN INFANT DEATH WITH MULTIPLE HEPATIC GRANULOMAS AFTER BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN (BCG) VACCINATION: A CASE REPORT Medicolegal Department, Teaching Hospital, Anuradapuraya, Sri Lanka Kino Hayashi, Kumiko Asakura, Tatsushige Fukunaga P 15-12 09:00-10:30 Medical Examiner’s Office, Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office, Tokyo, Japan CASE REPORT- CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA AND PULMONARY HYPOPLASIA IN A NEWBORN Miron Alexandru-Gheorghe P 15-5 Calarasi, Legal Medicine Department, Calarasi, Romania 09:00-10:30 FATAL BRAIN METASTASIS OF B-CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LYMPHOMA MISDIAGNOSED AS DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY: A CASE REPORT Lin Zhang, Yijie Duan, Jingjun Xing, Yi Yang, Wenhe Li, Yiwu Zhou Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China P 15-6 09:00-10:30 SUDDEN MATERNAL DEATH DUE TO AORTIC DISSECTION: A CASE REPORT Mohd Suhani Mohd Noor, Mohammad Bahruddin, Wan Zafirah Zamaliana Alias Department of Forensic Medicine, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Malaysia 098 P 15-13 09:00-10:30 PRIMARY INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE INDUCED BY RUPTURED SMALL-SIZED BRAIN ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION Qian Liu, Yijie Duan, Liang Liu Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China P 15-14 09:00-10:30 A FATAL CASE OF TYPHOID FEVER Dhammika Ariyarathne1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; 2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 15-15 09:00-10:30 PULMONARY ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF FORENSIC ASPECTS OF THE DISEASE Nadire Unver Dogan1, Seda Ozbek2, Kamil Hakan Dogan3, Ismihan Ilknur Uysal1 Department of Anatomy, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey; 2Department of Radiology, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey 1 P 15-16 09:00-10:30 SUICIDE IN A BARREL: A CASE REPORTSUICIDE IN A BARREL: A CASE REPORT Erdinç Özdemir1, Safa Çelik1, Burak Furkan Çetin1, Uğur Kayhan1, Cem Uysal1, Esat Şahin1, Fatih Yağmuur1 Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, I?stanbul, Turkey; 5Forensic Medicine, Dicle Univercity, Diyarbakır, Turkey; 6Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, I?stanbul, Turkey; 7Department of Morgue, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 15-17 09:00-10:30 Wathupitiwala, Gampaha, Sri Lanka P 15-20 09:00-10:30 SUICIDE BY PROPANOLOL OVERDOSE Jairo Vivas National Group of Forensic Pathology, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Legal Y Ciencias Forenses, Bogota, Colombia P 15-21 09:00-10:30 MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN 23-YEAR OLD MALE MIMICKING GASTRITIS Panjai Woharndee Forensic Pathology, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand P 15-22 09:00-10:30 A BIZARRE SUICIDE OF A MEDICAL STUDENT INVOLVING DISEMBOWELMENT, ATTEMPTED HANGING AND SEVERAL STAB WOUNDS TO THE HEART FOR HOW LONG COULD HE HAVE SURVIVED? 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Cesar Santos2, Rosa Gouveia2, Duarte Vieira1 Centre of Forensic Sciences (CENCIFOR), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 2 Portuguese National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF, I.P.), Ministry of Justice, Coimbra, Portugal 1 P 15-26 09:00-10:30 LYELL SYNDROME: JEOPARDY IN MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION Teresa Salero1, Rosa Gouveia1, Duarte Vieira2 Center Branch of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF, I.P.), Ministry of Justice, Coimbra, Portugal; 2Centre of Forensic Sciences (CENCIFOR), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 1 P 15-27 09:00-10:30 MURDER OR SUICIDE: HANGING CASE WITH VIDEO 099 WFF2014 RECORD A CASE REPORT Berna Durmus 1 Department of morgue, Council of Forensic Me dicine, İstanbul, Turkey, Turkey 1 P 15-28 09:00-10:30 AN RARE CASE OF DROWNING WITH SUDDEN DEATH AFTER RETRIEVING FROM AN EPISODE OF SUBMERSION/IMMERSION WITH FULL CONSCIOUSNESS Ji Zhang, Hongmeidong Dong, Liang Liu, Jiao Mu Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China P 15-30 09:00-10:30 DORSAL PAIN DURING THE FINAL PERIOD OF YOUNGAGE PREGNANCY: WHAT COULD BE THE REASON? 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2Department of Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ankara, Turkey 1 P 15-35 09:00-10:30 DEATH BY SUBDURAL HEMATOMA WITH METASTATIC CARCINOMA OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN: AN AUTOPSY CASE REPORT Jong Hyeok Park Division of Forensic Medicine, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Gyoungsangnam-do, Korea (South) P 15-36 09:00-10:30 DEATH BY HOMICIDAL SMOTHERING USING HOT STEAM TOWEL: A CASE REPORT A MATERNAL DEATH DUE TO VIRAL SEPSIS Jong Hyeok Park Sriyantha Amararatne1, Muditha Vidanapathirana2, Thanuja Sumanasekara3, Ajith Tennakoon4 Division of Forensic Medicine, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (South) Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Radiology, Base Hospital, Wathupitiwala, Gampaha, Sri Lanka; 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka 1 P 15-32 09:00-10:30 P 15-37 09:00-10:30 A CASE OF SUDDEN DEATH CAUSED BY PRIMARY FIBROSARCOMA OF HEART WITH CONSEQUENT RUPTURE CARDIAC WALL Anirut Worawat Forensic Medicine, Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi, Thailand P 15-38 09:00-10:30 FATAL BODY PACKING: SIMILAR MODUS OPERANDI, DIFFERENT CAUSES OF DEATH A RARE CASE OF METHANOL INDUCED BASAL GANGLIA HEMORRHAGE Hafizam Hasmi, Yuhanis Ngah Hyungseok Kim1, Joo-Young Na2, Young-Jik Lee3, Jong-Tae Park1 National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia P 15-33 09:00-10:30 IDIOPATHIC GIANT CELL MYOCARDITIS IN CHILDHOOD: 100 Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Forensic Medicine Division, NFS, Jangseong, Korea (South); 3Department of Pathology, Saint Carollo Hospital, SunCheon, Korea (South) 1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 15-39 09:00-10:30 VIDEO RETRIEVAL CASE REPORT OF DEATH DUE TO RARE CONGENITAL AORTIC ARCH ANOMALIES WITH SEVERE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA Lvzi Xu, Zhou Lv, Yu Xing, Lihua Wan Lei Wang, Daguo Shan Forensic medicine, Basic medical sciences, Chongqing, China P 16-6 P 15-40 IDENTITY THEFT: DECODING DATA FROM SKIMMING DEVICES IN AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINES 09:00-10:30 HETEROTAXY SYNDROME : A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW Pacharaporn Pramualpim1, Amporn Chamsuwan2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China 11:00-12:30 Gustavo Parma, Amilton Junior Setec Mg, Federal Police Department at Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil 1 P 15-41 09:00-10:30 CHARACTERISTICS OF SUICIDE BY BLUNT HEAD TRAUMA Hyejin Park1, Bongwoo Lee1, Connie Yoon2 Forensic Medicine, NFS, SEOUL, Korea (South); 2College of Dentistry, NYU, New York, United States 1 P 16-7 11:00-12:30 ESTIMATING MORE ACCURATE TIMES OF SUSPECT ACTIONS Joshua James Graduate School of Forensic Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea (South) P 16-9 11:00-12:30 SOLAR SHADOW PERSPECTIVE AND ITS APPLICATION TO IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION Chuntao Chen1, Bugen Huang2 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 11:00-12:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 16 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS) P 16-1 11:00-12:30 A REAL CASE OF PEDOPHILIA UNRAVELED BY COMPUTER FORENSIC TECHNIQUES Pedro Eleuterio Forensics Department, Brazilian Federal Police, Campo Grande/ ms, Brazil P 16-2 11:00-12:30 AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF TEXT DOCUMENT IMAGES IN COMPUTER FORENSICS EXAMS Mateus Polastro, Pedro Eleuterio Forensic Science and Technology, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2Computer Science and Technology, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China 1 P 16-13 Zhou Chunbing Department of Forensic Science & Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China P 16-15 Li Yan, Shi Shaopei, Lu Qimeng, Zeng Jinhua Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 16-16 P 16-3 Li Yan, Shi Shaopei, Lu Qimeng, Zeng Jinhua USAGE OF A TRIAGE SYSTEM FOR LARGE VOLUME OF DATA IN COMPUTER FORENSICS Mateus Polastro Forensics Department, Brazilian Federal Police, Campo Grande/ ms, Brazil P 16-4 11:00-12:30 THE APPLICATION OF BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION IN 11:00-12:30 FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF DATABASE LOGS Forensics Department, Brazilian Federal Police, Campo Grande/ ms, Brazil 11:00-12:30 11:00-12:30 A SURVEILLANCE IMAGES DE-NOISING METHOD BASED ON SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION 11:00-12:30 STUDY ON TRACES OF COMPUTER USER’S BEHAVIORS Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 16-17 11:00-12:30 A CASE RELATED TO THE RECOVERY OF SURVEILLANCE VIDEOS Qimeng Lu, Shaopei Shi, Yan Li, Jinhua Zeng Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Pr 101 WFF2014 P 16-38 China, Shang Hai, China P 16-22 11:00-12:30 AUTOMATIC SPEAKER RECOGNITION WITH MULTILINGUAL SPEAKERS Kyung-Wha Kim 11:00-12:30 METHOD OF CAMERA IDENTIFICATION THROUGH ANALYSIS OF LENS DISTORTION CORRECTION Dong-Min Kim, Sung-Bin Youn Forensic Science Division, Supreme Procecution Service, Seoul, Korea (South) P 16-25 11:00-12:30 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT BY MULTI-FRAME SUPERRESOLUTION OF AN OBJECT IMAGE WITH THE CHANGES IN SIZE AND POSITION Kenji Kurosawa, Ken’ichi Tsuchiya, Kenro Kuroki, Norimitsu Akiba Physics Section, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan P 16-26 Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 2Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; 3School of computer science and technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; 4Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China; 5Department of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 1 Forensic Science Division, Supreme Prosecution Service, Seoul, Korea (South) P 16-24 11:00-12:30 APPLYING SMART PHONE'S LOCATION TRACKING FUNCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE Junseok Byun, Gihyun Na, Kyusun Shim, Joong Lee P 16-39 11:00-12:30 THE QUALITY EVALUATION MODEL OF OPEN SOURCE CYBER FORENSIC TOOLS Dong Yun Lee Student, The Graduate School of Software, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea (South) P 16-35 11:00-12:30 ROBUST STEREO MATCHING FOR 3D FACE RECONSTRUCTION Tae Hyun Kim, Kyoung Mu Lee Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) P 16-36 11:00-12:30 METHODS TO DETECT TAMPERED DIGITAL IMAGES BASED ON STATISTICS Yong Wang, Fuyao Wang Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China 102 11:00-12:30 FORENSIC AUTHENTICITY ANALYSIS OF AUDIO EVIDENCES STORED IN MP3 FILE FORMAT Alexander Boyarov1, Ivan Siparov1 Forensic Examination Centre, Forensic Video and Audio Lab, Ministry of Justice, Moscow, Russian Federation; 2Speech Technology Lab, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation 1 P 16-41 11:00-12:30 RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY PERSISTENCE, WHEN DOES IT GO AWAY! Walter Hart Digital Forensic Examiner, Walter Hart Aero, San Francisco, United States Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Gangwon-Do, Korea (South) P 16-34 11:00-12:30 FRAGMENTED JPEG FILESFILE CARVING – A MORE ROBUST APPROACH Yanbin Tang1, Junbin Fang2, Zoe L. Jiang4, S. M. Yiu1, K. P. Chow1, Xiamu Niu3, Qi Han3, Xianyan Wu3, Jun Xu3, Bo Feng5 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 11:00-12:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 17 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) P 17-1 11:00-12:30 LEFT VENTRICULAR NONCOMPACTION OF THE MYOCARDIUM AT FORENSIC AUTOPSY Fumiko Satoh1, Toshihiko Nakamura1, Kino Hayashi1, Eriko Ochiai1, Motoki Osawa1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; 2Tokyo Medical Examiner’s Office, Bureau of Social Welfare and Public Health, Otsuka, Tokyo, Japan 1 P 17-2 11:00-12:30 ACCIDENT OR HOMICIDE? - YOUR IMPRESSION MIGHT NOT BE CORRECT Yulai Wang Department of Coroner, Los Angeles Medical Examiner-Coroner, Los Angeles, California, United States P 17-3 ISOLATED UNILATERAL TRAUMATIC 11:00-12:30 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 INTRACEREBELLAR HAEMORRHAGE - REALLY? P 17-10 Philip Beh DEFENSE INJURIES; A GUIDE FOR INVESTIGATORS Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Nirmala Perera1, Paranirubasingam Paranitharan2, Sanjaya Hulathduwa3 11:00-12:30 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka 1 P 17-4 11:00-12:30 HANGING-RELATED COMPLETE DECAPITATIONS Bogdan Malinescu1, Adrian Sirbu2, Costinela Georgescu3 Head of the Institution, Ilfov Medico-Legal Service, Bucharest, Romania; 2Department of Forensic Pathology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 3 Department of Public Health, Dunarea De Jos "University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Galati, Romania" 1 P 17-5 11:00-12:30 SUICIDAL STRANGULATION BY LIGATURE: A CASE REPORT Andres Rodriguez Zorro Department of Forensic Pathology, National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Bogota, Colombia P 17-6 11:00-12:30 SKULL HAVING MULTIPLE FRACTURES; ACTIVE HIT OR SHOOTING? Camelia Liana Buhas, Gabriel Mihalache, Claudia Pusta Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania P 17-7 11:00-12:30 UNEXPECTED DISCOVERIES IN FORENSIC AUTHOPSIES Martina Pintea1, Bogdan Adrian Buhas1, Gabriel Mihalache2, Camelia Liana Buhas2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania 1 P 17-8 11:00-12:30 KAROSHI RELATED TO LABOR INTENSITY AND RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS: A CASE REPORT Ningguo Liu, Ping Huang, Zhiqiang Qin, Jianhua Zhang, Yijiu Chen P 17-11 Pia Wahlsten1, Stina Ahlstrom2, Pekka Saukko2, Hannu Kalimo2 Forensic Medicine Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland; 2Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 1 P 17-12 Haneil Dsouza1, Prashantha Bhagvath1, Francis Monteiro2, G Pradeep Kumar1 Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College-Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India; 2Forensic Medicine, A J Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India 1 P 17-13 Christopher Milroy, Bibianna Purgina Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada P 17-14 11:00-12:30 ARTEFACTUAL INCISED WOUNDS CAUSED BY POSTMORTEM PREDATION FROM MONITOR LIZARDS; A COMMON SCENARIO IN SRI LANKAN DEATH INVESTIGATIONS Sameera Gunawardena Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka P 17-9 CARDIAC ANEURYSM - A NATURE'S WAY OF CORRECTION Jiao Mu, Ji Zhang, Zhenglian Chen, Shaohua Zhu, Hongmei Dong 11:00-12:30 LETHAL RUPTURE OF A TRAUMATIC ANEURYSM OF THE LEFT POSTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERY P 17-15 HOMICIDAL COMMOTIO CORDIS CAUSED BY INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE 11:00-12:30 SURVIVAL PERIOD AND SEEMINGLY FATAL INJURIES; A CASE REPORT Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China 11:00-12:30 11:00-12:30 LETHAL HEAD INJURY – ACCIDENTAL FALL FROM A CAR OR ASSAULT? A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 11:00-12:30 Pradeep Gouda, Shankar Bakkannavar Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 103 WFF2014 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 18 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) (TBC 2) P 18-01 14:00-15:30 EVALUATION OF S100B PROTEIN AND SEROTONIN LEVELS IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AS SUICIDE BIOMARKERS Kamil Hakan Dogan1, Mustafa Unaldi2, Serafettin Demirci3 P 18-07 14:00-15:30 THE EFFECTS OF NIMODIPINE ON DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY IN RAT MODEL Jiao Mu, Ji Zhang, Zhenglian Chen, Shaohua Zhu, Hongmei Dong Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China P 18-08 14:00-15:30 Department of Forensic Medicine, Selcuk Universtiy Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey; 2Department of Biochemistry, Turkish Red Crescent Association, Private Ticaret Borsasi Hospital, Konya, Turkey; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical School, Konya, Turkey TISSUE MICROARRAY QUALIFYING EXHUMED HUMAN BONES: LOW COST COMBINED WITH EFFICIENT SCREENING AIMING AT HUMAN IDENTIFICATION P 18-02 Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil 1 14:00-15:30 CLASSIFICATION OF CONTRACTION BANDS USING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY Satomu Morita, Satoshi Furukawa, Masahito Hitosugi, Katsuji Nishi Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan P 18-03 14:00-15:30 CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY STUDIES OF PIG HEART Wan Lei Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 18-04 14:00-15:30 PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR VALIDATION OF VIRTUAL AUTOPSY: EXPERIENCE OF FACULTY OF MEDICINE RAMATHIBODI HOSPITAL Wisarn Worasuwannarak1, Rathachai Kaewlai2, Banjongsak Wedsart2, Vichan Peonim1, Jitta Udnoon1, Smith Srisont1 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 1 P 18-05 14:00-15:30 ORGANS RECOVERY FROM PATIENTS IN BRAIN DEATH; FORENSIC ASPECTS Gabriel Mihalache1, Camelia Liana Buhas1, Alexandru Miron2 Edna Sadayo Miazato Iwamura, Rafael Barrios Mello, Carolina Mautoni, Rafael Dias Astolphi, Maria Regina Regis Silva, Maria Teresa Seixas Alves P 18-10 14:00-15:30 DETERMINING THE SOURCE OF HAEMORRHAGE IN TRAUMATIC BASAL SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE Cherry Pun, Beng Ong, Brittany Wong, Nathan Milne Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia P 18-12 14:00-15:30 A RETROSPECTIVE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RELATED DEATHS IN RELATION TO PREVENTABLE AND NON-PREVENTABLE CAUSES IN PENANG ISLAND, MALAYSIA (2013) Chandroth Navin Pankajakshan, Abd Mustaqim Abd Isham, Zahari Noor, Mohd Hadafi Department of Forensic Medicine, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia P 18-13 14:00-15:30 TISSUE-DEPENDENT VEGF AND GLUT1 INDUCTION IN A RAT HEMORRHAGE MODEL: WITH REGARD TO DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATION OF MRNA QUANTIFICATION IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY Dong Zhao1, Maeda Hitoshi2 Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania; 2County Department of, Forensic Medicine, Calarasi, Romania Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan P 18-06 P 18-14 1 14:00-15:30 FIREARM FATALITIES IN CHILDHOOD: 8 YEARS REVIEW Ahmet Hilal, Necmi Cekin, Kenan Kaya, Burak Celik, Mete Gulmen Forensic Medicine, Cukurova Universty, Adana, Turkey 104 1 14:00-15:30 USE OF IMAGING EXAMS IN FIGHTING CRIMES RELATED TO FRAUD IN FOOD Antonio Santos Filho1, Fernanda Tavares1, Rogeria Serakides2, Juneo Silva2, Rodrigo Mayrink1, Natalia Ocarina2 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Federal Police Department of Brazil, Forensic Service, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 2Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil 1 P 18-15 R&D center, Elsoltec, Yongin, Korea (South); 2, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 3Department of radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (South) 1 14:00-15:30 UTILITY OF X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) AS A POSTMORTEM TOOL FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF BLUNT FORCE HEAD INJURIES Brad Cushnyr3, Sarah Lathrop2, Gary Hatch1, Chandra Gerrard1, Jamie Elifritz3, Sam Andrews2, Ian Paul2, Janet Price2, Ross Zumwalt2, Kurt Nolte1 P 18-20 Department of Pathology and Radiology Center for Forensic Imaging, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 2Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 3 Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; 4Private Consultant, Abbreviated Injury Scale Coder, Waco, TX, USA 1 1 P 18-16 14:00-15:30 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAUSE OF DEATH AND HOMICIDE IN FORENSIC DEPARTMENT OF DR SARDJITO HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA Kenny Tee Tang Long, Yudha Nurhantari, Beta Ahlam Gizela, Hendro Widagdo Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University/ Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia P 18-17 Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 1 14:00-15:30 THE USEFULNESS OF CONNEXIN43 EXPRESSION IN THE MYOCARDIUM AS AN ISCHEMIC MARKER IN FORENSIC AUTOPSY Gi Yeong Huh, Jae Woo Ahn Department of Forensic Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (South) P 18-19 R. Carbelleira1, Manel Leira2, Maria Del Carmen LopezRodriguez3, Duarte N Vieira4, Maria Sol Rodriguez-Calvo1, 5, Jose Ignacio Munoz-Barus1, 5 Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 2Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 3Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 4Faculty of Medicine, Unversity of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 5Department of Pathology and Forensic Sciences, Unversity of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain P 18-21 14:00-15:30 METHODS FOR IMPROVING RATE OF MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSY IN MAKKAH PROVINCE Mamdouh K. Zaki1, Ashraf A. Moulana1 Senior Specialist of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Consultant of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Medicine Center, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 1 14:00-15:30 INVESTIGATION OF MARKERS FOR SUDDEN DEATH IN MENTALLY ILL PERSONS - THE SURVIVE STUDY Martin Rune Christensen1, Alexandra Gheorghe1, Anne Bugge2, Christian Bjerre Høyer2, Christina Jacobsen1, Niels Lynnerup1, Lene Warner Thorup Boel3, Gyda Lolk Ottesen1, Jørgen Lange Thomsen2, Jytte Banner1 P 18-18 14:00-15:30 THE DIATOM TEST-HUNDRED YEARS' WAR IN LEGAL MEDICINE 14:00-15:30 INVESTIGATION OF BREAKING CONDITION OF A BEER BOTTLE BY USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Choenryul Choi1, Chansung Park2, Jang Gyu Cha3, Sungho Kim2, Kyungmoo Yang2, Hanyoung Lee2 Auditorium Lobby (3F) 14:00-15:30 POSTER PRESENTATION 19 FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY / BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE (PBS) P 19-01 14:00-15:30 ASPHYXIAL DEATHS USING PLASTIC BAG IN KOREA Sungkook Jung1, Hyo-Jung Lee1 Scientific Investigation Division, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Statistics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 19-02 14:00-15:30 IS TOXOPLASMA GONDII A RISK FACTOR FOR SUICIDE? Ali Eren1, Cem Zeren2, Adnan Celikel2, Erhan Yengil3, Berna Hamamcı4, Hanifi Kokocya5 Adana Branch of, The Council of Forensic Medicine, Adana, Turkey; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; 3Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; 4Hatay Vocational School of Health Service, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; 5Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey 1 105 WFF2014 P 19-03 14:00-15:30 INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MILD PSYCHIATRIC IMPAIRMENT DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT Tao Tang Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China P 19-04 14:00-15:30 THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMT VAL158MET, TPH1 A218C, TPH2 G-703T, HTR1B G861C GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND COMORBIDITY OF DRUG ABUSE/DEPENDENCE AND CONDUCT DISORDER IN CHINESE ADOLESCENT MALE DELINQUENTS Chen Chen1, Wei-Xiong Cai1, Xiao-Ping Wang2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Forensic Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan, China 1 P 19-05 14:00-15:30 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWRITING FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES AMONG SCHIZOPHRENIA WITH AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR Wei-Xiong Cai, Chun-Yan Li Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 19-06 14:00-15:30 COMMON FACTS ON NON GUILTY BY REASON OF INSANITY: SIX HOMICIDE CASES IN HATAY TURKEY Ibrahim Ortanca, Cem Zeren, Sumeyra Demirkiran, Adnan Celikel, Cem Zeren, M.mustafa Arslan Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey P 19-07 14:00-15:30 POSTMORTEM TOTAL OXIDANT STATUS (TOS) AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS (TAS) ANALYZES OF SUICIDE CASES Hanifi Kokocya1, Adnan Celikel2, Cem Zeren2, Musa Sahpolat1 Department of Psychiatry, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey 1 P 19-09 14:00-15:30 CONTRASTING SEX OFFENDER POLICIES OF COUNTRIES WHERE APPLIED CONTAINMENT THEORY AND THE PROPOSAL FOR IT'S INTRODUCTION TO KOREA Hyungki Ji, Sunhyun Han, Heesong Kim, Hyeongi Hong, Kipyoung Kim Psychological Forensics Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 19-10 14:00-15:30 THE DEVELOPMENT OF PENILE PLETHYSMOGRAPHY TO MEASURE SEXUAL INTEREST AND VERIFY EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT FOR SEXUAL OFFENDERS Kipyoung Kim, Minkyoung Yu, Heesong Kim, Hyungki Ji, Hyoengi Hong Psychological Forensics Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 19-11 14:00-15:30 ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT AMONG VICTIMS AND ASSAILANTS FOLLOWING ALLEGED SEXUAL ASSAULT IN SRI LANKA Amal Vadysinghe1, Pavithra Dayaratne1, Prasanna Dasanayake2, Prabath Senasinghe3 Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; 2Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Base Hospital, Panadura, Sri Lanka; 3Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka 1 P 19-12 14:00-15:30 POLYGRAPH ON MACHIAVELLIAN'S INFORMATION LEAKAGE Heesong Kim1, Hyeongi Hong1, Myoungho Hyun2 Psychological Forensics Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang Univ., Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 19-13 14:00-15:30 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) IN CASES OF SEXUAL ASSAULT Adnan Celikel1, D.sumeyra Demirkıran1, Sait Ozsoy2, Cem Zeren1, M.mustafa Arslan1 Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey 1 P 19-08 14:00-15:30 THE USE OF THE FMRI IN THE FIELD OF FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY Hyoengi Hong, Jingyeong Kim, Heesong Kim, Hyungki Ji, Kipyoung Kim Psychological Forensic, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 106 2 P 19-14 14:00-15:30 FORENSIC MEDICINE EVALUATION OF ALZHEIMER'S PATIENTS: A SERIES FROM ANKARA, TURKEY * Mehmet Cavlak1, Ramazan Akcan2, Ali Rıza Tumer2, Aysun WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Balseven Odabası2, Aykut Lale2, Mahmut Serif Yildirim2, Eyup Rusen Heybet2 Istanbul, Turkey; 2Child Psychiatry, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey P 19-22 1 2 P 19-15 14:00-15:30 A STUDY ON ASSESSMENT METHOD OF EYEWITNESS MEMORY ACCURACY BASED ON P300 Kenusoo Ham, Nawon Bae, Chuyun Pyo, Sunghee Ro Criminal Psychology, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 19-16 14:00-15:30 RELATIONSHIP OF CHILDHOOD ABUSE ON THE FORMATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY Hong Hyeongi1, Kim Heesong1, Han Jihye2, Hyun Myoungho3 Psychological Forensic Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Psychology, Kyong-Gi University, Suwon, Korea (South); 3Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) 1 P 19-17 14:00-15:30 AN EXPLORATION OF EYE MOVEMENT ON PART-BASED FACE RECOGNITION TASK Chuyun Pyo, Jihye Kwon, Keunsoo Ham, Sunghee Ro Forensic Psychology, National Forensic Service, Gangwon-Do, Korea (South) P 19-18 14:00-15:30 PROFILING IN VIOLENT CRIMES: THE PERPETRATOR AND THE VICTIM IN PORTUGUESE CASES OF FILICIDE Fatima Almeida, Duarte Vieira Centre of Forensic Sciences (CENCIFOR), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal P 19-20 14:00-15:30 14:00-15:30 5 CASES OF PATERNAL INCEST VICTIMIZE ALL FAMILY MEMBERS Fuat Kircelli1, Alperen Bikmazer2, Harun Akkaya2, Berna Durmus2, Nur Yalcinkaya2, Ercan Buyukakincak2 Child Psychiatry Department, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; 2Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 19-23 14:00-15:30 AN INCEST CASE THAT USED CONTRACEPSION BY NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGSNSAIDS Fuat Kircelli1, Harun Akkaya2, Kenan Karbeyaz3, Berna Durmus2, C. Haluk Ince4 Child Pyschiatry Department, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; 2Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Branch Office, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey; 4Forensic Science Department, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 19-24 14:00-15:30 FATHER-DAUGHTER INCEST CASES CONTINUING AFTER MARIAGE Zehra Sebnem Ergunduz Acar, Zeynep Gedik Kucuk, Tuba Basoglu Ozgur, Harun Akkaya, Berna Durmus, Arif Garbioglu Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey P 19-25 14:00-15:30 AN ADOLESCENT WITH SUPER FEMALE AS A SEXUALLY ABUSED VICTIM: A CASE REPORT Fuat Kircelli1, Hizir Asliyuksek1, Alperen Bıkmazer1, Durmus Kumru1, Harun Akkaya1, Kenan Karbeyaz1 Public Administration, Korean National Police University, Yongin, Korea (South); 2Criminology, Korean Institute of Criminology, Seoul, Korea (South) Child Psychiatry Department, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 5 Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 6Branch Office, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey P 19-21 P 19-26 A STUDY ON THE NONSPECIFIC MOTIVE CRIME: OFFENDER CHARACTERISTICS AND CRIME-SCENE BEHAVIORS Jisun Park1, Jeongsook Yoon2, Minjung Kim2 1 14:00-15:30 THE POST-ABUSED PREGNANCY MISPERCEIVED AS TERATOMA: A CASE REPORT Nur Yalcinkaya1, Fuat Kırcelli2, Harun Akkaya1, Huseyin Keles1, Alperen Bikmazer1, Berna Durmus1 Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council of Forensic Medicine, 1 1 14:00-15:30 SEXUAL ABUSE WITHIN THE SCOPE OF INTERNET CRIME Haluk Ince1, Cuneyt Cenger1, Atiye Sozen1, Merve Oren2, Sadiye Bag2, Yılmaz Yazıcı2, Ayse Demirel2, Yuksel Yazıcı3, Hulya Dogan2, Zeynep Kırdı2 107 WFF2014 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of JusticeMinistry, Istanbul, Turkey Auditorium Lobby (3F) 1 P 19-27 14:00-15:30 THE EVALUATION OF THE POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) SYMPTOMS IN SEXUAL ASSAULT VICTIMS IN THE CONTEXT OF LEGAL PROCESSES Haluk Ince1, Yuksel Yazici2, Suheyla Aliustaoglu2, Atiye Sozen1, Cuneyt Cenger1, Merve Oren3, Ahmet Acar3, Yılmaz Yazici3, Ayse Demirel3, Fuat Kırcaali4 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Council of JusticeMinistry, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty Department, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Child Pstchiatry, Baskent University Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey 1 P 19-28 POSTER PRESENTATION 20 - ILLICIT DRUGS (ID) P 20-01 16:00-17:30 DETERMINATION OF OPIATES IN HUMAN FINGERNAIL; COMPARISON TO HAIR Min Shen, Hang Chen, Ping Xiang Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China P 20-02 16:00-17:30 CHIRAL SEPARATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE AND ITS METABOLITE, AMPHETAMINE, IN URINE USING LC–MS/MS Ping Xiang, Ting Wang Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China 14:00-15:30 VIOLENCE DIRECTED AGAINST THE MOTHER: A CASE REPORT Atiye Sozen1, Cuneyt Cenger1, Yuksel Yazıcı2, Merve Oren3, Ahmet Acar3, Haluk Ince1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Council of JusticeMinistry, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 19-29 14:00-15:30 VOLATILE SUBSTANCE ABUSE FROM EARLY AGES AND CRIME Atiye Sozen , Nurhan Ince , Serap Oflaz , Sevki Sozen , Zeynep Kırdı3 1 2 3 1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Psychiatry, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 1 P 19-30 14:00-15:30 SEXUAL CRIMES COMMITTED UNDER THE PRETEX OF GENITAL PATHOLOGY Mahmut Zeki Cabuk1, Selcuk Altay1, Arif Garbioglu1, Burak Furkan Cetin1, Harun Akkaya1, Huseyin Keles1, Tarik Ulucay2 Department of Sexual Crimes, The Council Of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Science Department, Celal Bayar University Faculty Of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey 1 P 19-31 14:00-15:30 THE EFFECT OF CRIME RELATED EMOTIONAL REACTION USING THE IMAGE STIMULI IN LIE DETECTION Jeong-Woo Ji Scientific Investigation Lab., MND, Seoul, Korea (South) 108 16:00-17:30 P 20-03 16:00-17:30 DEVELOPMENT OF NEW KITS FOR DETECTION OF CANNABIS AND SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS CONSISTING OF NAPHTHOYLINDOLE SKELETON IN CONFISCATED PLANTS AT CRIME SCENES Mitokazu Kawabata1, Miho Kirihara1, Teruo Muramatsu2 Foresic Science Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Police Headquarters, Mito, Japan; 2Detector Tubes R&D Division, Komyou Rikagaku Kogyo K. K., Kawasaki, Japan 1 P 20-05 16:00-17:30 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY Sanghee Woo1, Hwan-Soo Yoo2, Yonghoon Park1, Suncheun Kim3 Drug and Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea (South); 3Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South) 1 P 20-06 16:00-17:30 THE APPLICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DEUTERATED INTERNAL STANDARD FOR FORENSIC TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Hongyan Du, Ying Dong, Zhongshan Yu Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China P 20-07 16:00-17:30 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF DESIGNER DRUG METHYLENEDIOXY-PYROVALERONE AND ITS METABOLITES BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYELECTROSPRAY ION TRAP MASS SPECTROMETRY WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Xueguo Chen, Ting Zhang Bandian Gibe, Wendy Lim, Angeline Yap Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore P 20-14 P 20-08 16:00-17:30 16:00-17:30 TRENDS OF THE NEW DESIGNER DRUG SEIZURES: DUBAI EXPERIENCE A METHAMPHETAMINE ANALOG IDENTIFIED IN BRANDED DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; A RESEARCH CHEMICAL OR A NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE? Saif Eldin A. Khalil, Khalid Al Sumaiti, Buthaina Al Khowaildi Jaesin Lee, Inhoi Han, Yonghoon Park General Department of Forensic Science, Dubai Police, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) P 20-09 P 20-15 16:00-17:30 KEY ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE CONTROL IN UKRAINE Olena Barikova Narcotics, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors Analysis, State Scientific Research Forensic Centre of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 16:00-17:30 SIMPLE SCREENING METHOD FOR THE SERIAL ANALYSIS OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES USING DIRECT HEATING-HEADSPACE SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION Hiroshi Fujii1, Brian Waters2, Kenji Hara2, Masayuki Kashiwagi2, Aya Matsusue2, Shin-Ichi Kubo2 Narcotics Contol Department, Kyushu Regional Bureau of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan 1 P 20-10 16:00-17:30 IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF 50 TOXICOLOGICAL DRUGS IN WHOLE BLOOD USING UPLC-ESI-TANDEM MS (QQQ AND Q-TOF) P 20-16 Choong Sik Lee, Hwan Oh Kim, Tae Myung Sung Scientific Investigation Lab., Criminal Investigation Command of Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South) P 20-11 16:00-17:30 THE CHALLENGE OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND LEGAL BACKGROUND 16:00-17:30 BROAD DETECTION OF CANNABINOIDS, AMPHETAMINES AND OPIATES WITH IMMUNOASSAY KITS INCORPORATING LIQUID ASSAY COMPONENTS AND APPLICABLE TO A VARIETY OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS P Robinson, P Mcgivern, M Rodriguez, J Campbell, P Fitzgerald Gabor Kovacs Research and Development, Randox Toxicology Limited, Crumlin, United Kingdom Department for Criminal Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, Gyor, Hungary P 20-17 P 20-12 16:00-17:30 COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF N,Α-DIETHYLPHENETHYLAMINE AND METHAMPHETAMINE ON RATS 2 3 A NOVEL PRESUMPTIVE COLOUR TEST FOR THE DETECTION OF ILLICIT SYNTHETIC CATHINONES IN SEIZED SAMPLES THROUGH THE SELECTIVE FORMATION OF A COLOURED COPPER COMPLEX Morgan Philp1, Ronald Shimmon1, Shanlin Fu1, Mark Tahtouh2 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Illicit Drug Data Centra, Australian Federal Police, Sydney, Australia 1 Ilung Seol , Dongkoo Lim , Jaesin Lee , Heejin Yang , Dongwoo Kim1 1 16:00-17:30 1 National Forensic Service, Gwangju Institute, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Chonnam National University, College of Pharmacy, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3National Forensic Service, Narcotic Analysis Section, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 P 20-13 16:00-17:30 SCREENING OF NEW PYSCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN ECSTASY-TYPE TABLETS AND SPIKED VEGETABLE MATTER BY LC-MS/MS Cheryl Yeo, Jessica Sugito, Joanne Ho, Ong Mei Ching, Romelo P 20-18 16:00-17:30 STUDY ON THE ANALYSIS OF ILLICIT DRUGS WITH 1D PROTON NMR Yeong Eun Sim1, Young Jun Suh1, Beom Jun Ko1, Siwon Kim2, Dahye Yoon2, Heonho Lee2, Suhkmann Kim2 Busan Branch of Forensic Chemistry Laboratory, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Busan, Korea (South); 2Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) 1 109 WFF2014 P 20-19 16:00-17:30 P 20-25 16:00-17:30 Shaoyu Zhang1, Yahong Zhou1, Jun Wang1, Kefang Zheng2 ANALYSIS OF THE NEW COMPONENT "SMOKING MIXTURES" NAPHTHALEN-1-YL 1-PENTYL-1H-INDOLE3-CARBOXYLATE, ITS DERIVATIVES AND METABOLITES Andrei Vasilev, Dmitry Sosnov Department of Forensic Science, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2Central Laboratory, Fujian Police Institute, Fuzhou, China Chemical-Toxicological Laboratory, Budget Institution «Republican Drug Dispensary» Health Ministry Chuvashia, Cheboksary, Russian Federation P 20-20 P 20-26 SUSPICION OF ILLICIT SYNTHESIS OF EPHEDRINE WITH METHCATHINONE IN CLANDESTINE LABORATORIES IN CHINA 1 16:00-17:30 DETERMINATION OF XLR-11 METABOLITES IN IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES Moonhee Jang1, Wonkyung Yang1, Ilchung Shin1, Jihyun Kim1, Hye Hyun Yoo2, Seugkyung Baeck1 Narcotics Analysis Section, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea 1 P 20-21 16:00-17:30 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN DRUG ANALYSIS: ROLE OF ONLINE MASS-SPECTROMETRIC DATABASES Andrei Vasilev Chemical-Toxicological Laboratory, Budget Institution Republican Drug Dispensary» Health Ministry Chuvashia, Cheboksary, Russian Federation P 20-22 16:00-17:30 RECOVERY AND QUANTIFICATION OF HEROIN IMPREGNATED IN CLOTHES Xing Huang , Weixin Wang , Ying Chang , Jun Zhu , Lisheng Gao2 1 2 2 2 Department of Science and Research Management, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Drug Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China 1 P 20-23 16:00-17:30 ANALYSIS OF MT-45, A NOVEL SYNTHETIC OPIOID IN HUMAN WHOLE BLOOD BY LCMSMS Donna Papsun , Barry Logan 1 1 Toxicology, Nms Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 2Toxicology, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, Willow Grove, United States 1 P 20-24 16:00-17:30 A VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ILLEGAL AND PRESCRIBED DRUGS IN FORENSIC CASES Zeynep Turkmen, Salih Cengiz Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Forensic Toxicology, Istanbul, Turkey 110 16:00-17:30 DERIVATIZATION WITH DABSYL CHLORIDE FOR THE VISUAL IDENTIFICATION OF AMPHETAMINE-LIKE AMINES IN TLC Lee Sang Soon, Kim Younsu, Choi Sung Woon, Ha Yeong Seon Department of Scientific Criminal Investigation, Chungnam National University, Daegoen, Korea (South) P 20-27 16:00-17:30 DIFFERENTIATION OF REGIOISOMERIC CHLOROAMPHETAMINES BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-CHEMICAL IONIZATION TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY Hiroyuki Inoue1, Shoko Negishi1, Yukiko Nakazono1, Yuko T. Iwata1, Tatsuyuki Kanamori1, Kenji Tsujikawa1, Kenji Kuwayama1, Tadashi Yamamuro1, Kazuna Miyamoto2, Fumiyo Kasuya2 Third Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 2Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobegakuin University, Kobe, Japan 1 P 20-28 16:00-17:30 PRELIMINARY RESEARCH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALDH2 GENE POLYMORPHISM AND DRUNK DRIVING Linchuan Liao, Youyi Yan, Yi Ye, Wei Wang, Ruoyun Ruan, Fan Cheng, Xiang Lu Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China P 20-29 16:00-17:30 CHALLENGES IN ANALYZING NEW PSYCHOTROPIC COMPOUNDS: AN AUTOPSY CASE REPORT Brian Waters, Kenji Hara, Masayuki Kashiwagi, Aya Matsusue, Mio Takayama, Shin-Ichi Kubo Department of Forensic Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan P 20-30 16:00-17:30 DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMULTANEOUS ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR PSYCOTROPIC PHENYLALKYLAMINES IN HAIR BY LC-MS/MS WITH MULTI-MODE REVERSED PHASE COLUMN USING PH GRADIENT ELUTION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Hyeyoung Choi, Suyoun Ahn, Hyejin Chang, Suncheun Kim APWS-1 Physics & Chemistry Division, Daejeon institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South) NEW STRATEGY FOR DVI MANAGEMENT IN ASIAPACIFIC REGION AFTER MOVING DVI SECTION OF INTERPOL TO SINGAPORE P 20-31 Simon Djidrovski 16:00-17:30 DETERMINATION OF UR 144, XLR-11 AND THEIR METABOLITES IN HAIR BY LC/MS/MS Meejung Park, Sunghoon Yeon, Inhoi Han, Jeasin Lee, Yonghoon Park Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) INTERPOL General Secretariat, France APWS-2 14:30-15:00 MANAGEMENT OF THE DEAD IN ARMED CONFLICTS Cheryl Katzmarzyk International Committee of the Red Cross, Canada APWS-3 15:00-15:30 MEDICO-LEGAL DEATH INVESTIGATION SYSTEMS IN THE PACIFIC AND CREATING A STRONGER PACIFIC DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION NETWORK APMLA Workshop Grand Ballroom 105 (1F) 14:00-14:30 09:00-17:30 James Kalougivaki 09:00-09:05 Fiji Police Force, Fiji Islands OPENING SPEECH Nak-Eun Chung APWS-4 09:05-09:10 WELCOME SPEECH Stephen Cordner 16:00-16:30 POST TSUNAMI DVI – 10 YEARS PROGRESS IN SRI LANKA Clifford Perera Faculty of Medicine University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka 09:10-09:30 PROGRESS REPORTS ON THE PROCEEDING OF APMLA 09:30-10:45 MEDICO-LEGAL & DVI SYSTEM IN ASIA PACIFIC REGION 1 JAPAN, HONG KONG, PHILIPPINES, MALAYSIA, TIMOR ESTE 11:00-12:00 MEDICO-LEGAL & DVI SYSTEM IN ASIA PACIFIC REGION 2 INDONESIA, THAILAND, CAMBODIA, MYANMAR 12:00-12:15 APWS-5 16:30-17:00 EFFORTS TO ESTABLISH THE ASIA-PACIFIC NETWORK IN DVI MANAGEMENT BY AUSTRALIA Stephen Cordner Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Australia APWS-6 17:00-17:30 INTRODUCTION OF MASS ID MANAGER (MIM)NEWLY DEVELOPED TOTAL SOLUTION FOR VICTIMS IDENTIFICATION IN MASS DISASTERNak-Eun Chung, Jing-Pil Park National Forensic Service, Korea SHARING DVI EXPERIENCES IN FLIGHT MH17 CRASH (MALAYSIAN AIRLINES) - MALAYSIAN INTERNATIONAL DVI COMMISSION AND EXPERIENCES Mohd Shah Mahmood National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Malaysia 12:15-12:30 - DEBRIEFING THE DVI TASKS FROM INDONESIAN POINT OF VIEW Anton Castilani Centre for Medical and Health Services of the Indonesian National Police, Indonesia 111 WFF2014 NOTE 112 ABSTRACT AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 13 (Mon) AFSN 1-1 SYSTEMATIZED TORTURE AND DEATHS IN CUSTODY Sherein S. Ghaleb President of IALFS, General Secretary of the Arab Union of Forensic Physicians, Egypt Throughout history, torture has often been used as a method of political re-education, interrogation, punishment, and coercion. The UN Special Rapporteur on Torture receives information each year on acts of torture from 60-80 countries. In some countries it become “common and systematic,” “widespread and persistent” phenomenon i.e police, security personnel, and prison guards routinely tortured and abused prisoners and detainees. The use of torture to suppress, intimidate and destroy individuals and communities. It is considered to be a violation of human rights, and is declared to be unacceptable by Article 5 of the United Nation Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Torture has been criticized on humanitarian and moral grounds, on the grounds that evidence extracted by torture is unreliable, and because torture corrupts institutions that tolerate it. Death in custody referred to any individual who died under arrest or otherwise under police control in prison. Worldwide, there is a high risk of medical complications or death in police custody. This risk is often increased by unclear legislation, a lack of clearly defined responsibility and medical examination standards. *The aim of this article is to shed light on the new and systematized methods of torture which lead to deaths in custody and the proper documentation of torture cases revealing some recent studies in Africa region KEYWORDS Torture-systematic-Deaths in custody-Human rights 117 WFF2014 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 13 (Mon) AFSN 1-2 FORENSIC SCIENCE IN CHINA - AN INTRODUCTION Lin Chang Institute of Evidence Law and Forensic Science, China University of Political Science and Law, China The article is an introduction to the forensic science in China, using a lot of data and examples. It consists of five parts. The first part is the overview of foreinsic science in China, including the functions of Chinese forensic scientists and statutory categories of forensic science. Secondly, it introducts the Chinese forensic service management system. On February 28th, the 2005 Decision radically reformed the forensic service management in China, resulting in the 'One Country, Two System'situation. Since then, there are two forensic service management systems in China: One is the investigation agencies, such as the Public Security Bureau; the other is the judicial administrative organs, such as the Justice Bureau.The third part is the forensic medicine in China.In China, the forensic medicine devides into five subfields, but the forensic medical examination is the most frequently method used to determine a fact in issue in the legal practice in China.Fourthly, the article shows the scienfic evidence and experet witnesses in Chinese court. In China, the trial proceeding is of the heavy color of inquisitorial system. So in most cases, experts are appointed by the judge, as the assistants to deal with the issues involved in specialized knowledge. In order to add more competition to the court and to weaken the judge’s traditional dependence on the experts, Chinese judicial community recently reformed its expert evidence system in both civil and criminal procedures, Giving the parties the rights to appointed expert advisors.Finally, some problems in the forensic examination in China are discussed, which are shared for your reference. 118 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN 1-3 Ross Gardner Vice President, Bevel, Gardner, and Associates, Atlanta, Georgia, United States In the criminal justice process, no single activity is more important than the efforts of the crime scene investigators (CSI) The actions of the CSI set the stage for a positive outcome. Any failure by the CSI may prevent the forensic scientist from accomplishing their task and such failures may prevent the court from ever answering questions relative to innocence or guilt of the accused. In a world filled with technology, police leadership often times see technology as the sole answer behind positive crime scene outcomes; however, this is a very limited view. Proficiency of the crime scene investigator in understanding their role and purpose as well as having both the necessary tools and skill to use those tools is still critical. Although there is no single “right” way to conduct crime scene investigation, there are critical aspects that ensure a more positive outcome. These includes ensuring the CSI is knowledgeable in general forensic science, that the CSI has the appropriate tools and technology and is capable of using them, the CSI applies a repetitive established methodology while remaining flexible in their approach and ensuring coordinated effort on the part of all parties present at the crime scene. It is only through appropriate and coordinated training of the crime scene investigator in all of these areas that ensures crime scene proficiency. 119 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 13 (Mon) TECHNOLOGY VERSUS FUNDAMENTALS: A PATHWAY TO PROFICIENCY IN CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION WFF2014 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 13 (Mon) AFSN 1-4 FORENSIC SCIENCE IN A VUCA (VOLATILITY, UNCERTAINTY, COMPLEXITY AND AMBIGUITY) WORLD Alain Verstraete1, 2 1 Department of laboratory medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium VUCA is an acronym used to describe or reflect on the volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity of general conditions and situations. The common usage of the term VUCA began in the 1990s and derives from military vocabulary. It has been subsequently used in emerging ideas in strategic leadership. In a first part, we will show examples of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity that have an impact on forensic sciences. Many new developments in society, technology and social media are changing the way we work. In a second part, we will discuss what leadership qualities are needed in order to thrive in a VUCA world. Organisations and companies are generally not well adjusted to this new reality. Although new technological breakthroughs allow a radically different way of working, many organisations still seem fixated in the past. To succeed in a VUCA world, we must expend our intellectual and emotional energy in the areas that produce the highest payoff for our organizations. The first priority must be developing and articulating a clear vision to drive our organizations’ actions. The clearer leaders can be about what they want to accomplish, the better their organisations will execute in the VUCA of today’s environment. 120 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN 2-1 Kornelia Nehse Forensic Science Institute, Landeskriminalamt Berlin, Berlin, Germany Improved technologies have helped to develop DNA Analysis in a very impressive way over the years. There is only a minute amount of trace material necessary to link a single particle to a person and results can be provided in a very short period of time but more refined techniques also require different measures regarding evidence collection, anti-contamination procedures and the interpretation and relevance of findings. The field of trace evidence has a very long history and routine to deal with minute or so called micro traces (e.g. single fibres, paint and glass particles). Analysis follows established routines since a very long period of time and given that all necessary techniques are applied, analytical results are not challenged in general. Anti-contamination procedures are in place, transfer and persistence studies as well as target studies were performed and results are available (e.g. fibres). Reference Data Bases are provided (e.g. paint) and techniques for detailed and refined trace evidence collection were developed (e.g. microtraces). This should provide confidence! Trace evidence in general does not provide a direct link to a person and therefore the information sometimes seems to be considered less valuable. This is to be challenged! Trace evidence is an extremely helpful source of information to close gaps in a chain of plausibility and helps to link findings. Will more refined instrumentation and analytical techniques help to ease the way into a new area or will approaches to evaluate evidence and provide intelligence open new horizons? Can a look back into Locard’s criminalistics approaches ease the way into future where criminalistic minds are needed? A determination of general positions is helpful: What information can trace evidence already offer or develop to assist during investigation What kind of model is important to develop not to compete but to cooperate How can Trace Evidence enrich the process and assist to enhance the evidential value of findings What kind of technical support is needed There are lots of options to look into and to be discussed. Different judicial systems need to be considered. An efficient quality management to assist forensic purposes and a sound analytical process are the basis of all further consideration. Research and case studies are important to help with the interpretation of results. Improved Instrumentation to speed up the process is certainly necessary to move forward but communication (with investigators and other scientists), information and interdisciplinary interaction with a criminalistics mind are required to assess a case, to evaluate, link and interpret findings, to provide intelligence and to further the whole process where cooperation should prevail. 121 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 14 (Tue) TO NEW HORIZONS WITH EVIDENCE AND INTELLIGENCE MORE IMPROVED TECHNOLOGIES - ANYTHING ELSE? WFF2014 AFSN KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 14 (Tue) AFSN 2-2 MOLECULAR INTELLIGENCE: NEW USES OF MOLECULAR BIO-MARKERS FOR INVESTIGATIVE PURPOSES Manfred Kayser Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands Human identification using DNA is considered the golden standard of forensic sciences. However, in principle much more forensically-relevant information can be retrieved from crime scene stains than the identification of perpetrators already known to investigators. In this keynote lecture I will address new application of molecular bio-markers for investigative purposes. I will introduce the principle and present examples of Forensic DNA Phenotyping i.e., the use of DNA to describe the appearance and bio-geographic ancestry of unknown stain donors, typically not identifiable via conventional DNA profiling. Further, I will present molecular solutions on how to link sample donors, such as identified via DNA evidence, with criminal events e.g. via molecular identification of the stain’s cell type and molecular estimation of the stain deposition time. Finally, I will touch on novel technical developments that allow combining different types of biomarkers for different forensic purposes in the same analysis using massive parallel sequencing. 122 AFSN WORKGROUP WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION CSI 1-1 / 1-2 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION – PRINCIPLES AND CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE Alastair Ross National Institute of Forensic Science, Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA), Australia 125 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) if fundamental to the forensic sciences. It influences all aspects of forensic science and, therefore, it is clear that forensic science starts at the crime scene. The principles of CSI are universal and well understood but they will be revisited as part of the session. Increasingly, CSI is a critical part of both volume crime (property crime) and complex crime (crimes against the person). Engagement with property crime is essential for the development of forensic science as a source of intelligence and this will be discussed. In most jurisdictions, forensic science is faced with budgetary constraints and must find efficiencies to remain effective. Viable efficiencies will be identified and discussed at the workshop. It is important that the session is interactive so that it is a learning experience for all participants. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) WFF2014 CSI 1-3 CSI 1-4 THE INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE BALLISTIC IMPACET TRACES ON THE FELTED CLOTH CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION, TRAINING AND COLLABORATION Aoyang Yu Race Examination Technology Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China Ballistic impact traces have distinct edge on the felted cloth and can be compared with each other by morphological characteristics. By using the achievement of textile and terminal ballistic technology, we summarized the correlation between the ballistic impact traces, which make up by shape, coloboma, and the speed and shape of bullet, and made theoretical analysis on the correlation between the felted cloth and the kinds of the bullets, following the experiment test and verify. The simulation results showed that the ballistic impact traces have close correlation between the shape and impact speed of bullet. This correlation can be a foundation to discriminate the kinds of the bullets and will be widely used in crime scene investigation. BALLISTIC TRACE; FELTED CLOTH; INVESTIGATION KEYWORDS 126 Wee Chuan Yeo1, Peter Wilson1, Jason Loke Choy Seng2 1 Forensic Chemistry & Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2Singapore Police Force, Criminal Investigation Department, Forensics Division, Singapore The processing of a crime scene is a crucial first step in an investigation. Training staff to be competent crime scene examiners at a wide range of scenarios is challenging in a country with a low serious crime rate. The presentation will touch on the training program in selected areas such as bloodstain pattern analysis, scene reconstruction, impression evidence and other physical evidence for crime scene investigation. Besides having competent staff, an engaged and cooperative working relationship between the relevant government agencies, is vital and how this was achieved will be outlined. KEYWORDS C R I M E S C E N E I M V E S T I G AT I O N ; TRAINING; COLLAOLATION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DNA DNA 1-1 PROFILING OF EAST ASIAN-SPECIFIC SNP MARKERS FROM NGS (WHOLE EXOME SEQUENCING) DATA Ki Wha Chung1, Seong Yeon Yoo2 , Sung Min Kim1, Nam Soo Cho2 Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) 1 127 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Short tandem repeat (STR) DNA markers are mainly used in the forensic application, however, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers can increase individual discrimination power. Particularly, analysis of large number of SNPs can add important evidences for kinship or ethnic identification. In recent, application of next generation sequencing (NGS) provides an enormous number of SNPs. This study identified more than 150 East Asian specific SNPs from Korean whole exome sequencing (WES) data. Functionally significant SNPs (variants in splicing site, missense, nonsense, and exonic indel) were first filtered out from the variant pool, and SNPs with minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of <0.25 in 1000 Genome Database but >0.30 in Koreans were selected. Genotypes obtained from WES were confirmed by capillary sequencing method. The identified markers were evenly distributed through the whole autosomal chromosomes. All the SNPs were in the HardyWeinberg equilibrium with mean MAF of 0.412 (0.146 in 1000G). Mean heterozygosities were 0.485 (obs) and 0.468 (exp), respectively. Mean values for PIC, PD and PE were 0.358, 0.596, and 0.181, respectively. The combined matching probability (CMP) was 1.374 X 10(-60), and combined power of discrimination (CDP) was very high. Korean MAFs in most markers were similar with Chinese and Japanese populations, but significantly higher than other major ethnic populations. These selected SNPs will be used to develop forensic markers and are expected to be widely used for individual identification, ethnic discrimination, and linkage analysis for kinship test. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) WFF2014 DNA 1-2 DNA 1-3 DNASCAN™ RAPID DNA ANALYSIS™ GENERATION OF STR PROFILES FROM BUCCAL SWABS AND BLOOD SAMPLES: PRESENTATION OF DUBAI POLICE CRIME LABORATORY DATA A MULTIPLEX SYSTEM OF AUTOSOMAL AND Y CHROMOSOME STRS INTEGRATED WITH ABO TYPING FOR FORENSIC DNA ANALYSIS Farida Al Shamali1, Eugene Tan2 1 General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, Dubai Police Crime Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; 2 Product Development, Netbio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States Background: A fully-integrated system has been developed for the automated generation of STR profiles from buccal swab samples, both to improve forensic laboratory process flow and to enable STR profile generation to be performed in police stations and other field-forward settings. The DNAscan™ Rapid DNA Analysis™ System from GE Healthcare and NetBio is a fully automated system with integrated Expert System software. The corresponding BioChipSet™ Cassette is an all-in-one consumable containing all reagents necessary for processing five samples simultaneously in a room temperature-stable cassette. Methods: The DNAscan instrument was developed for use with buccal swabs, however minor modifications to sample preparation steps enable processing of single-source blood samples. DNAscan allows processing of buccal or blood samples on a single BioChipSet Cassette using the identical processing parameters without the need for instrument adjustments. An experimental plan containing 50 samples was successfully completed at the Dubai Police Crime Laboratory and the resulting data will be presented. The sample set included purified DNA, whole blood samples, and buccal samples. Results and Discussion: The profiles obtained from fully automated runs at the Dubai Police Crime Laboratory demonstrate that the system generates concordant profiles for buccal swabs and blood samples. The DNAscan instrument can accept and process a combination of buccal and blood samples in a single run, generating called STR profiles in less than 90 minutes. Conclusions: The fully integrated DNAscan system represents an easy-to-use, rapid approach to STR profiling and can be deployed in forensic laboratories, police stations, and field-forward settings. KEYWORDS 128 RAPID DNA; STR; FIELD-FORWARD Le Wang, Feng Wang, Man Chen, Xue Bai, Yi-Ren Yao, Xing-Chun Zhao, Jian Ye Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China The ABO blood group is accepted as one of the most important markers in forensic testing. As autosomal STR genotyping continues to be recognized as the dominant technique for human identity determination, Y chromosome STR analysis is playing increasingly important roles in solving criminal cases recently. In this paper, we describe an integrated amplification system of ABO, autosomal STR and Y-STR genotyping in a single reaction. The system allows for the simultaneous detection of 18 autosomal STR loci (13 CODIS loci as well as D2S1338, D6S1043, D12S391, Penta D and Penta E), the ABO blood group locus, the Y-STR locus DYS391 and the sex-determining locus Amelogenin. Primers are designed and optimized so that the amplicons are distributed ranging from 80 to 420 bp within a five-dye fluorescent design with the fifth dye reserved for the internal size standard. Sensitivity assays resulted in successful amplification of genomic DNA range from 0.5–4 ng with 30 PCR cycles. A total of 320 individuals from the Chinese Han population were studied and forensic genetic data were present. No significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were observed. We conclude that this integrated system could be a powerful and efficient solution for forensic DNA analysis. KEYWORDS ABO TYPING; Y-STR; AUTOSOMAL STR DNA 1-4 SUCCESSFUL PCR BASED DNA ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY DEGRADED HUMAN REMAINS - AN ANCIENT DNA APPROACH Ruwan Illeperuma Molecular Forensics, Genetech, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka Identification of individuals using severely degraded human remains by DNA based fingerprinting is a challenging task for the forensic geneticist. In cases of prolonged exposure to high humidity conditions, the hard biological material (bones and teeth) may be the only evidence left for DNA analysis. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Aguilar Crime Laboratory, Philippine National Police, Quezon City, Philippines DNA analysis is recognized as one of the primary modes of identification for disaster victim identification (DVI). As part of the DVI response of the Philippine National Police (PNP) to a sea collision involving a cargo ship and a passenger vessel in Cebu City on August 16, 2013, the PNP Crime laboratory was tasked to identify the 115 recovered victims. Seventy were identified through secondary and primary identifiers other than DNA analysis. Bones samples from the remaining 45 bodies that cannot be identified through medical, dental, or fingerprint techniques were subjected to autosomal DNA identification along with 75 buccal swabs from relatives as references using short tandem repeat (STR). DNA analysis yielded full DNA profiles from 42 bone samples and partial profiles from three bone samples. Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) 7.0 kinship software was used to identify kinship matches between the DNA profiles obtained from the relatives against the DNA profiles obtained from the victims. All matches were cross-checked with the data available for the post-mortem (PM) and antemortem (AM) ensuring that the sex determination from the DNA analysis concurred with the sex reported for the PM among others. As initial result, subsequent comparison of DNA profiles through kinship matching resulted in the positive identification and released of seven victims to their relatives; three body parts were associated to one victim. This is the first mass disaster victim identification conducted in the country that used DNA analysis of bones from highly decomposed bodies and the utilization of the CODIS software for comparison of DNA profiles through kinship matching. This will help develop practical approaches for mass disaster human remains DNA identification process in the Philippines. KEYWORDS DVI; CODIS; FORENSICS DNA 1-6 KEYWORDS ANCIENT DNA; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; DEGRADED DNA DNA 1-5 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION THROUGH DNA ANALYSIS USING BONE SAMPLES Lorna Santos, Franklin Dela Cruz, Marie Cerise Elyn DEVELOPMENT OF LOCALIZED AUTOSOMAL AND Y CHROMOSOMAL STR PCR KIT Jeong Eun Sim1, Hye Yeon Kim1, Sera Kim2 , Young Se Hyun3 , Kyoung-Jin Shin4 , Young Geun Yang2 , Soong Deok Lee5 , Su Jeong Park1 1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2BioQuest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, 129 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) However DNA extractions of bone fragments submerged in water under intense microbial activity for more than ten years often contain highly fragmented DNA molecules replete with various forms of structural damage. This makes PCR amplifications not only targeting nuclear genetic makers but routine mitochondrial DNA makers difficult or even impossible. A femur supposedly be of a 20-40 year old individual was recovered from a toilet pit who was reported to be missing twelve years ago. DNA was extracted using a modified phenol chloroform method. It is well evident from the circumstances of the case that DNA of the extraction was severely fragmented from the combined processes of decomposition and microbial-induced degradation.PCR targeting 12 autosaomal STR loci (amplicon size range 105bp-327bp) failed to amplify detectable alleles, including the shortest amplified products of the STR loci LPL. PCR amplification was not obtained with primers targeting a 440bp fragment of the Human mitochondrial DNA HVS 1 (mtDNA HVS1) region. Human mtDNA HVS 1 region was amplified in PCR by using four overlapping first round and second round nested PCR amplifications respectively using primers described previously for ancient DNA analysis by Lertrit et al, 2008. In nested PCR, amplicons were obtained for all four mtDNA primer pairs generating fragments in sizes of 161bp, 135bp, 228 bp and 247bp. Each product was sequenced in both reverse and forward directions generating a final sequence having 348 basepairs in length covering nucleotide positions from 15986 to16334 . The frequency recorded for the mtDNA type 16051G, 16129C, 16183C, 16189C of the femur in the Sri Lankan mtDNA database was 0.0030 and thus maternal relatedness of it was established with the sister of the deceased at a maximum random match probability of 0.88%. This case highlights a reliable approach to successfully type highly degraded biological material from challenging cases of identity testing in mass disasters and cases having old exhumed skeletal remains which contain highly fragmented DNA due to degradation upon prolonged exposure to tropical climatic conditions. WFF2014 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Gongju, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 5 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) For establishment and management of a consistent DNA database, it is important to use a suitable multiplex PCR Kit. However, forensic DNA analysis in Korea has been made with expensive foreign commercial multiplex PCR Kits, which means Korean Criminal DNA Database might be vulnerable to change in foreign company’s policy. Even if Y-STRs have not yet included a Korea DNA DB, Y-STR multiplex Kit was also frequently used as much as autosomal STR multiplex kit, because these markers are powerful in cases of deficiency identification and rape. Therefore, to lessen the nation’s dependence on foreign commercial kits and to reduce analysis costs, we developed autosomal- and Y-STR multiplex PCR systems respectively to replace/ complement those widely-used foreign commercial kits. The developed autosomal multiplex STR system, named Kplex-15, consists of 13 CODIS STR loci, D6S1043 and Amelogenin, and was designed in two different types of amplification strategy, i.e. amplification of extracted DNA and direct PCR system. All of the primer sets were newly designed to produce amplicons with smaller size than commercial kits to improve PCR success in degraded DNA. The developed multiplex Y STR system, called Kplex Y17, enables simultaneously amplifies 17 Y-STR loci including SWGDAM recommended Y-STR loci. The constructions of all amplicon size were below 330 bp. The enzyme and buffer system used were all developed on our own, and the allelic ladder and bin set construction were adjusted for the detection of rare alleles found in Koreans. Finally, we report the two multiplex PCR systems (Kplex-15 and Kplex-Y17) are robust and reliable, and we are expecting that these systems will be a valuable and suitable tool for a Korea Criminal DNA Database. KEYWORDS DEVELOPED MULTIPLEX STR SYSTEM; KPLEX-15; KPLEX-Y17 DNA 1-7 REPORTABILITY OF CONTACT DNA MIXED PROFILES: AN ASSESSMENT FROM CASEWORK CONTACT STAINS Lay Hong Seah Head of DNA Serious Crime Unit, Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia 130 DNA collected on handled objects, touched surfaces and worn clothes not attributed to any particular biological source such as blood, saliva, etc. could potentially contain amplifiable DNA which could be profiled. The transfer and persistence of DNA from such sources is uncertain and interpretation of profiles from contact stains thus requires caution. Of relevance with contact DNA mixtures, particularly in low template profiles, is the inability to distinguish alleles caused by indirect transfer (sporadic contamination) from the true alleles. Where the major contributor in a mixed contact profile can be inferred with no difficulty, the major source of the contact DNA can usually be reliably interpreted. The minor contributory sources however are mostly not amenable to reliable interpretation. This assessment presents and considers the quality of DNA profiles from casework contact stains, particularly those that yield mixed profiles, with no attempt to infer the mode of transfer. KEYWORDS C O N TA C T S TA I N ; D N A T R A N S F E R ; CASEWORK STAINS DNA 1-8 EXPLORATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN RYR2 GENE AND SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED CARDIAC DEATH AMONG YOUNG CHINESE PEOPLE Yunyun Wang1, Qian Liu1, Liang Liu1,2 , Yan Liu1, Liang Ren1, Shaohua Zhu1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China Abstract: In order to explore the relation between RyR2 gene and sudden unexplained cardiac death among young Chinese people, we examined two reported sites (G1885E and G1886S) on single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in a healthy Chinese Han population(n=73, age from 20-40years) and in a cohort of 29 sudden unexplained cardiac death(SUD, age from 17 to 43) victims. The activities at the time of SUD included dispute and fighting(11), sleep(3), working(3), running(2), intravenous infusion(2), and undetermined (8). 73 Unrelated healthy volunteers were come from the paternity test center of our department of Forensic Medicine. All samples were recognized by review of ethics. Specific primers were used to amplify the target gene fragments and sequenced directly after purification. DNA sequencing results showed that either heterozygous or homozygous WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) mutation of RyR2-G1885E was found in both groups, i.e. every sample showed wild-type(WT) and no SNP was found at this site. Oppositely, heterozygous mutation of RyR2G1886S was found in both healthy group(n=13, 17.81%) and SUD group(n=4, 13.79%), there also had a homozygous mutation in healthy group(n=1, 1.37%). The wild genotype number for RyR2-G1886S of SUD and healthy group was 25(86.21%) and 59(80.82%), respectively. In SUD group, the WT “G” allele frequency for RyR2-G1886S was 0.931, and the mutant “A” allele frequency was 0.690. In healthy group, the WT “G” allele frequency for RyR2-G1886S was 0.897, and the mutant “A” allele frequency was 0.103. Statistic analysis showed that two groups regardless of the genotype (χ2=0.671098, P=0.714945>0.05) or gene frequencies (χ2=0.560604, P=0.454027>0.05), two groups had no significant difference. The results of this study indicate that no polymorphism was found at RyR2-G1885E in Chinese Han population. Although a great number of experiments indicated that RyR2-G1886S site mutations had an important impact on intracellular calcium oscillations and associated with CPVT or ARVC. To some extent, there existed a close relationship between SUD and CPVT or ARVC. But, our experiment did not find a correlation between RyR2-G1886S and SUD. The reason may be the small sample size by artificial selection or the race-specific. RYR2; Sudden unexplained cardiac death(SUD); Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) KEYWORDS 131 WFF2014 ILLICIT DRUGS ID 1-1 UNODC EARLY WARNING ADVISORY ON NPS AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Justice Tettey United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Austria In March 2013, the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs adopted resolution 56/4 entitled “Enhancing international cooperation in the identification and reporting of new psycho¬active substances”, recognizing that the establishment of a global early warning system could benefit Member States’ understanding in responding to the complex and changing market for new psychoactive substances. As a result, the UNODC Early Warning Advisory (EWA, www.unodc.org/NPS) was launched in June 2013. The EWA aims to monitor, analyse and report trends on NPS, as a basis for effective evidence based policy responses. It also serves as a repository for information/data on these substances and as a platform for providing technical assistance to Member States. The presentation introduces the online EWA and highlights global trends with regard to the emergence of NPS, and the support available to Member States such as information on legislative responses and the identification/detection of substances. 132 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ID 1-2 CHALLENGES OF NPS LEGISLATION IN USA AND CURRENT TRENDS Scott Oulton Drug Enforcement Administration, United States 133 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) The rise and abuse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has been a global phenomenon, and USA is no exception. The NPS phenomenon has continued to grow over the last five years and there have been noticeable changes to the NPS market in the United States. Historically, NPS are first identified in Europe months before being identified in the United States. Recently, that time has dwindled and there are now instances in which new compounds are first identified in the United States prior to their identification in Europe. In addition, there are classes of synthetic drugs that are resurfacing as well as entirely new classes of drugs that are just beginning to emerge. This workshop provides an overview of the rise and abuse of NPS in the United States, legislation to control these drugs, as well as current market trends. Herbal smoking blends remain popular in the United States and continue to be found in commercial packaging; however NPS continue to evolve in response to legislation efforts. In contrast, many of the compounds found in commercial “bath salts” are less commonly found in commercial packaging. These compounds, including methylone which is being sold as pure MDMA, remain popular despite their control status. The newest trend in the NPS phenomenon includes a sharp increase in phenethylamine based hallucinogens and novel opioids. WFF2014 ID 1-3 This paper seeks to give an overview of the drug situation and forensic laboratories in Asia, as surveyed through the Asian Forensic Sciences Network (AFSN) Illicit Drugs Workgroup (IDWG) members. The presentation aims to cover the following three areas: The top five traditional drugs of abuse in each country; The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in the past three years from 2011 to 2013, covering the specific types, classes and forms of NPS encountered in each country; The challenges faced by the laboratories in today’s fast changing drug situation. chemicals that can be abuse for recreational use. Since methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) was first placed on the list on November 2011, 80 species of NPSs have been added to the temporary drug designation list, and some of them are being added to the drug regulation act later. As a result, regulations on analogs and the temporary drug designation act have contributed to suppress expansion of NPSs in South Korea, which was reflected in the decreased number of synthetic cannabinoid compounds identified by NFS in 2012. However, it increased again in 2013, and the numbers of seized cases have increased continuously. The results suggest that trade and abuse of NPSs cannot be reduced only by a regional regulation, and it is impossible to block all legal highs sold via the Internet and international mailing services. Thus, international cooperation and information sharing are necessary to efficiently regulate the NPSs without the balloon effect. KEYWORDS NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES, DRUG TRENDS, CHALLENGES ID 1-5 TRADITIONAL DRUGS AND NPS ABUSE IN ASIA AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Angeline Yap Health Sciences Authority, Singapore CHALLENGES OF GENERIC LEGISLATION IN SINGAPORE ID 1-4 CHALLENGES OF ANALOG LEGISLATION IN KOREA Jaesin Lee Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) The rapid increase in the number of new psychoactive substance (NPS) and their abuse has become a serious problem worldwide. Species and abuse cases of NPSs have increased rapidly in South Korea since 2010, and the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) has added analogs of major NPSs to the list of narcotics controlled by law on February 2011 based on the Canadian analog system, and included analogs of naphthoylindoles (JWH018, JWH-073), phenylacetylindoles (JWH-250), CP-47, 497 homologs, methcathinone, and phencyclidine. However, analog legislation based on the chemical structure is limited because similarity of chemical structure does not always result in the similarity of bioactivity. Moreover, some of the recently appearing NPSs with new basic moieties are not included in the list, which will force the legal regulatory authority to prepare a more detailed and expanded analog list to be regulated. The rapid increase in NPSs also forces monitoring of NPSs that have abuse potential. Thus, the KFDA also applied for the temporary drug designation act on June 2011 to reduce the interval required to legislate the drug regulation act. The temporary drugs include research 134 Wendy Lim, Angeline Yap Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore With the proliferation and abuse of New Psychoactive Substance (NPS), many countries have started placing these substances under legislative control. Some countries have incorporated these substances into the permanent schedules of controlled drugs/substances, while others have placed them under temporary control, pending review after a certain time period. In Singapore, as of 1st May 2014, legislative amendments were enacted to the Misuse of Drugs Act to list NPS as Class A Controlled Drugs either using the specific drug names or via the generic classifications of synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones. Some NPS were also listed into a temporary schedule that empowers the enforcement officers to seize and destroy these substances. In this presentation, we will be sharing the challenges encountered by the laboratory in the analysis and reporting of NPS under the generic legislation. KEYWORDS NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES; LEGISLATION; CHALLENGES WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ID 1-6 UNODC ICE PROGRAMME Justice Tettey Uinted Nations Office on Drug and Crime, Austria AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) The International Quality Assurance Programme (IQAP) of UNODC assists drug testing and toxicology laboratories worldwide to build capacity and improve performance to meet internationally accepted standards. The International Collaborative Exercises (ICE) programme, is an important part of the IQAP and participation in ICE allows laboratories from developing and developed countries to assess their performance on a global scale. The programme has options for participation in the analysis of drugs in seized materials and in biological specimens with test samples are designed to simulate actual casework encountered by forensic laboratories. UNODC also publishes guidelines and manuals on laboratory and forensic best practices, including recommended methods for the analysis and identification of drugs in seized materials and biological matrices. Within the framework of the ICE programme, participating laboratories are provided with standards/reference samples of drugs under international control, their metabolites and selected NPS to aid in their analytical work. The presentation looks at the development of the ICE programme over the past 5 years, with a focus on the online assessment tools, participation and performance of AFSN laboratories and recent support available to laboratories in addressing the NPS issue. 135 WFF2014 TOXICOLOGY TX 1-1 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) PREVALENCE OF BENZODIAZEPINES DETECTED IN CASES OF DRUG FACILITATED CRIME Patramon Yongpanich Toxicology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of benzodiazepines used in crime, either robbery or sexual assault cases. Data was extracted from 1) individual's medical record for demographics, medical history and detail of the alleged assault and 2) toxicology reports in all cases of alleged drug facilitated crime between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013. Toxicology specimens from each case, urine and/or blood were collected and tested by immunoassay screening for amphetamines, opiates and benzodiazepines. The positive screen results were confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS). This study also discuss about trends of misuse of other substances as potential substitution after alprazolam up-scheduling. KEYWORDS D R U G FA C I L I TAT E D C R I M E ; BENZODIAZEPINES; FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY TX 1-2 CASE STUDIES: MULTI-DRUG INTOXICATION INVOLVING METHYLONE, METHYLETHCATHINONE AND METHOXETAMINE Yu Ting Liow, Yi Ju Yao Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore There has been a worldwide rise in the popularity and abuse of new psychoactive drugs such as synthetic cathinones. We present two cases of multi-drug intoxications, both involving two synthetic cathinones (methylone and methylethcathinone) and one ketamine analogue (methoxetamine). In case 1, the subject was arrested for acute delirium and had to be pharmacologically restrained with i.v. propofol and haloperidol. His hypocount was also drifting downwards despite given i.v. insulin & dextrose. In case 2, the patient was found in a hotel room with acute altered mental state, violent and aggressive. In the emergency department, he also exhibited metabolic acidosis and tachycardia. The blood and urine samples of patients were 136 submitted for toxicological analysis. The specimens were analysed with a routine alkaline liquid–liquid extraction and analyzed by GC–MS. Methoxetamine, methylone and methylethcathinone were initially identified by full scan mass spectral comparison to commercial EI-MS libraries. In view of the possibility of positional isomers for methylone and methylethcathinone, additional chromatographic techniques such as LC/DAD and high resolution mass spectrometry, were also employed to help to confirm the identities of the drugs. KEYWORDS NEW PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS; SYNTHETIC CATHINONES; TOXICOLOGY TX 1-3 SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD OF NEREISTOXIN USING MIXED-MODE CATIONIC EXCHANGE SOLIDPHASE EXTRACTION AND GC-MS Yujin Park, Heesang Lee, Jiyeong Jo, Sangwhan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Forensic Chemistry Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan 626-815, Korea (South) Nereistoxin(NTX) was originated from a marine annelid worm Lumbriconereis heteropoda and its analog pesticides including Cartap, Bensultap, Thiocyclam and Thiobensultap have been commonly used in agriculture, because of low toxicity and high insecticidal activity. However, nereistoxin have been reported about its inhibitory neuro toxicity in human and animal body, by blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and it cause significant neuromuscular toxicity, resulting in respiratory failure. We developed a new method to determine nereistoxin in biological fluid. The method involve MCX (mixed-mode cationic exchange) based solid phase extraction and final identification and quantitative analysis by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The limit of detection and recovery were substantially better than those of previous methods using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) or SPME. The better recoverise (86-101 %) than LLE (55 %) in blood samples were obtained and calibration curves of the range 0.05 – 20 mg/L have R2 values with above 0.98. The developed method was applied to a fatal case of cartap intoxication of 74 years old woman who ingested cartap hydrochloride for suicide. We detected cartap and nereisitoxin from postmortem specimens and revealed that the cause of the death was ruled to be nereistoxin intoxication. The concentration of nereistoxin were 2.58 mg/L, 3.36 mg/L and 1479.7 mg/L in WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 heart, the femoral blood and stomach content, respectively. The heart blood /femoral blood ratio of nereitoxin was 0.76. NEREISTOXIN(NTX); MCX (MIXED-MODE CATIONIC EXCHANGE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/ MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC/MS) KEYWORDS ANALYSIS OF SYNTHETIC CANNABINOID METABOLITES IN HUMAN URINE BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY KEYWORDS SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS; URINE; LC- MS/MS Evelyn Goh, Jye Ing Soah, Hooi Yan Moy, Chi Pang Lui Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical Toxicology Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore TX 1-5 The prevalence of synthetic cannabinoids, also known as “Spice” or “K2”, as one of the new forms of illicit drugs being abused has been a worldwide issue. Generally, synthetic cannabinoids bind to the CB1 and CB2 receptors in human, triggering psychotropic effects similar to tetrahydrocannbinoids (THC) which occurs naturally in Cannabis sativa. In the clandestine laboratories, these compounds are synthesized and sprayed on a mixture of herbs and spices to mimic the psychotropic effects of Cannabis sativa. The analysis of synthetic cannabinoids in biological matrix has recently become an analytical challenge for toxicological, clinical and drug abuse testing laboratories as their metabolites are usually present at trace levels in urine or blood. A confirmatory test method for the identification of 15 urinary metabolites of JWH 018, JWH 019, JWH 073, JWH 081, JWH 122, JWH 210, JWH 250 and AM 2201 using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated. Prior to instrumental analysis, the urine sample was hydrolysed with b-glucuronidase and extracted using Supported Liquid Extraction (SLE) method. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a CORTECS UPLC C18 (2.1x100 mm, 1.6 mm) column by gradient elution of 10 mM ammonium formate in water and acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid). Mass spectrometric data was acquired in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using positive electrospray ionization. Using this method, all the 15 metabolites were eluted between 3 to 7 min. The limits of detection were found to be 0.1 to 0.5 ng/ml. Linearity between the concentration range of 25 to 50 ng/ml was determined for all the analytes, with coefficient of determination (r2) greater than 0.99. Extraction Su Youn Ahn1, Haeyoung Choi1, Hyejin Chang1, Dongwoo Kim2 , Sanghee Woo3 , Suncheun Kim1 1 Drug and Forensic Toxicology, Daejeon institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2Drug and Forensic Toxicology, Gwangju institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3Drug and Forensic Toxicology, National Forensic Service headquarters, Wonju, Korea (South) THE DETERMINATION OF GRAYANOTOXINS IN THE SEIZED MAD HONEY BY LC-MS/MS Grayanotoxins (GTXs) are toxic compounds contained in the leaves, twigs, flower, pollen and nectar of some species of the Ericaceae (Rhododendron) family and the toxic honey produced from the floral nectar of these plants. Honey from the nectar of Ericaceae (Rhododendron) family, which is known as ‘mad honey’, occasionally contains GTXs and causes poisoning. Mad honey has been used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of gastric pains, bowel disorders, and hypertension, and it has been also believed to be a sexual stimulant. The toxins are neurotoxin interfering with the transmission of the action potential by blocking sodium channels in cell membranes. GTXs may cause dizziness, weakness, excessive perspiration, hypersalivation, nausea, vomiting and paresthesias. The purchase of mad honey by travelers or via the internet is increasing these days. We previously developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for quantification of GTXs. The sensitive and rapid LC-MS/MS method for the determination of GTX I and GTX III was successfully applied to the seized mad honey samples, which were offered from Central Customs Laboratory and Scientific Service. GTX I and GTX III were detected in six of ten mad honey samples smuggled into South Korea from Nepal. The intake of mad honey containing GTXs may cause mad honey poisoning. It has been reported that the amount of mad honey 137 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) TX 1-4 recovery using SLE method was found to be in the range of 73% to 107%, and reproducible to within 15% for each of the analyte studied. Matrix effects were assessed and shown to be from -14.9% to 8.1% (n=10). No endogeneous or exogeneous interferences were observed and there was no evidence of carryover up to concentration of 200 ng/ml. The synthetic cannabinoid metabolites were found to be stable for a week when kept at 4oC. The applicability of the method to drugs abusers’ urine will be evaluated and discussed. WFF2014 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) causing poisoning is between 5 and 30 g. In general, the severity of the mad honey poisoning depends on the amount ingested. The range of calculated concentration of GTX I and GTX III in the mad honey samples were 1.15 – 5.15 μg/g and 1.38 – 8.83 μg/g, which were variable. This case report would help prevent GTXs poisoning or flagged up the dangers of mad honey intake. KEYWORDS GRAYANOTOXINS (GTXS); MAD HONEY; LC-MS/MS TX 1-6 DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE AND ITS METABOLITES IN FORENSIC SPECIMENS: A NICOTINE POISONING BY INGESTION OF E-CIGARETTES LIQUID Gundong You, Jongsook Rhee, Yuran Park, Sunhye Park, Sangheui Woo, Yonghoon Park Drug & Forensic Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju-Si, Korea (South) Nicotine is a potent neurotoxin alkaloid that found in the nightshade family of plants(Solanaceae) and stimulates the autonomic ganglia and the central nervous system. The fatal dose of nicotine for man is about 40 mg (0.6 mg/ kg) and nicotine will cause nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, hypertension, prostration, convulsions, respiratory paralysis and death within a few minutes to 1 hour after ingestion. This paper presents the analysis of nicotine, cotinine and 3-hydroxycotinine in a nicotine poisoning due to oral ingestion of a liquid in electronic cigarettes pipe for producing vapor. A 39-year-old dental clinic director was found dead lying on the floor under the couch in his dental clinic, and there were an e-cigarette pipe (DANIEL MAXI®) and a 10 mL-plastic bottle (named LIQ® E-Liquid) remaining about 0.1 mL black liquid on the table. To determine the cause of death, postmortem blood and gastric contents obtained at autopsy were screened for the detection of drugs and poisons. Also, a sample of the black liquid ingested by the decedent was analyzed. Nicotine was detected in stomach contents and liquid by TLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. For toxicological investigation, after extracting by solid-phase extraction, nicotine, cotinine and 3-hydroxycotinine were quantitated in heart blood, peripheral blood and stomach contents using LC/ MS/MS. In this study, the concentration of nicotine, cotinine and 3-hydroxycotinine in forensic biological specimens were analyzed : 87.2 mg/L, 1.4 mg/L and 0.012 mg/L in heart 138 blood, 85.2 mg/L, 1.1 mg/L and 0.0089 mg/L in peripheral blood, 6734.8 mg/kg and 15.5 mg/kg in gastric contents, respectively. Heart/peripheral blood concentration ratio is 1.0 in nicotine, 1.3 in cotinine and 1.3 in 3-hydroxycotinine, respectively. The concentration of nicotine was quantitated 7262.0 mg/L in a remaining liquid. The amount of nicotine ingested in a time was estimated to be 72 mg. This is an amount 1.8 times greater than the lethal oral dose of nicotine in the literature. The nicotine blood concentration was ranged within its fatal concentration from 3.7 to 5800 mg/ L reported in the literature The method was validated for the linearity, precision, accuracy in blood. Method validation demonstrated good intra-assay and inter-assay precision and accuracy for nicotine and its major metabolites. KEYWORDS NICOTINE; COTININE; LC/MS/MS TX 1-7 SURVEILLANCE OF STREET ANTI-OBESITY DRUG IN THAILAND Rujira Boonsong, Dhokrak Khontong, Songpol Srinual, Verachai Kaewpaluek, Udomsak Hoonwijit Forensic Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand The recent Sibutramine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (SCOUT) confirmed that patients using sibutramine had a higher number of cardiovascular events (nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns in “black box” because of serious side effects in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. Then, in October 2010, Sibutramine was withdrawn from the U.S. market. Thailand FDA also had withdrawn Sibutramine in 2010. But in the present, Sibutramine can still be found in anti-obesity products on the street market in Thailand. In our previous study, we found Sibutramine in Konjac glucomannan (KGM) capsules. And there were reports of Thai people having severe allergy to Sibutramine like TEN Syndrome. Thus, we determined Sibutramine in anti-obesity products : LIPO8®, LIPO9® and Slim Express® which are the best sellers in Thailand for beneficial to the public health surveillance. The determination by GC/MS suggested that one of the anti-obesity products had Sibutramine in its capsules. So we should pay attention to the new products available in the society. KEYWORDS SIBUTRAMINE; ANTI-OBESITY DRUG; THAI PEOPLE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TX 1-8 HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF DIAZEPAM AND ESTAZOLAM DETECTED IN A DISGUISED SUICIDE CASE AS PARAQUAT POISONING We report a case of disguised suicide as paraquat poisoning. A middle-aged woman was found dead and the body had been badly decomposed. Firstly, the paraquat concentrations (μg/ g, μg/mL) of only 0.02, 0.03, 0.08, 0.05 were detected in her stomach content, heart blood, liver and kidney respectively, which were much lower than the lethal dose obtained from the scientific research data. Subsequently, diazepam and estazolam were qualitatively detected in the extracts of stomach contents by further toxicological LC-MS screening. The concentrations (μg/g, μg/mL) of diazepam and estazolam in stomach contents, body fluids and organ tissues, were as follows: 0.94 and 0.88 in stomach contents, 0.42 and 0.63 in heart blood, 1.4 and 1.7 in liver, and 0.44 and 0.22 in kidney. The benzodiazepine concentrations in liver were more than the poisoning dose of 1.25μg/g. These results strongly suggested that the victim orally ingested diazepam and estazolam before she died. Based on the toxicological data together with further investigation and the confession from suspect, the cause of her death was confirmed as intentional homicide but faking a pesticide poisoning suicide. KEYWORDS PA R A Q U AT; D I S G U I S E D S U I C I D E ; FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY TX 1-9 DISTRIBUTION OF CYANIDE AND CO-HB IN THE MASS FIRE VICTIMS AT THE BUS TERMINAL Juseon Lee, Sehyoun Park, Sujin Jeong, Hyesun Yeom, Sungmin Moon, Minji Kang, Jungjun Kim, Seungkyung Baeck Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) A fire broke out in the morning at the basement of 7-story building with basement level 5. The fire started at the first basement during welding work of food court construction site. There were not so many customers in the building but most victims were passengers of the bus and they were found at the 2nd floor- the bus terminal is located on-except KEYWORDS FIRE; CYANIDE; CO-HB TX 1-10 AUTOMATED SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF AMPHETAMINES AND KETAMINE AND ITS METABOLITE IN URINE VIA ON-LINE DPX-UPLC-MS/ MS Chock Ying Soo, Hian Twan Chang, Hooi Yan Moy, Jordan Ong, Faridah Salleh, Yi Ju Yao, Chi Pang Lui Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical Toxicology Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore In the testing of controlled drugs in urine samples, multiple sample preparation steps followed by various chromatographic instrumental analysis are employed. Automated solid phase extraction (SPE) has been used for the extraction of controlled drugs which requires certain manual steps in the sample preparation. Typically, the sample processing followed by instrumental analysis will take more than one day to complete a batch of samples. To further improve the efficiency and sample turn-around-time, a fully automated system has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of amphetamines, ketamine and its metabolite in urine by coupling an online extraction process with the instrumental analysis. An 8 min per sample analysis time has been achieved which enables the laboratory to analyse a maximum of 180 samples per day with minimal manpower. The application of disposable pipettes embedded with a 139 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Hongyan Du, Yunfeng Zhang, Ying Dong, Zhongshan Yu Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China a woman who worked at the basement food court. Although the fire was put out within 27 minutes, urethane form used for insulation and closed structure of the 2nd floor made the situation worse. Among 33 casualties, 8 persons were dead. All the dead were covered with heavy soot because of the toxic gas and sooty smoke releasing from the urethane form that covered basement wall to the second floor. 4 persons were found dead on the spot and 2 persons died right after they were rescued and the last 2 persons died at the hospital under treatment. The range of cyanide(CN) concentration of the dead on the spot was 1.3~3.0 mg/L and the range of CO-Hb was 30~36 %, CN and CO-Hb concentration from 2 persons who died right after rescue were 1.7~1.9 mg/L and 17~27 %. 2 persons’ CN and CO-Hb who got treated at the hospital were 0~0.2 mg/L and 0 %. When they were rescued, it didn’t take so long time because the fire fighting teams ordered out quickly and rescued victims urgently. Only several minutes divided the casualties into the dead and the alive. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) WFF2014 reversed phase salting sorbent (DPX-RP-S) in the extraction process also allows the use of a small sample size (250 µl) and less solvent as compared to SPE. The Gerstel® MultiPurpose Sampler platform, equipped with two liquid handling arms capable to work with disposable extraction tips, analytical vials, and vial shaker, was employed for the drug extraction using DPX-RP-S. An ABSciex® QTrap 4500 tandem mass spectrometer coupled to an Agilent 1290 UPLC was used to analyse the extracts in tandem with the online extraction. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Phenomenex Kinetex® XB-C18 (2.1mm x 150mm, 2.6µm) column using a 0.1% formic acid in ammonium formate (10 mM)/acetonitrile gradient. The analytes studied were amphetamines (including methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA), 3, 4–methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA), phentermine, fenfluramine, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine), ketamine and norketamine. The validation study includes linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, matrix interference, ionization suppression/enhancement, recovery, system robustness, and carryover. Linearity between the concentration range of 100 ng/ml and 1, 000 ng/ml was achieved for all the analytes with the regression coefficient ranged from 0.9608 to 0.9943. Intra-day and inter-day precision were found to have CVs from 6.7% to 9.5%, and their accuracy ranged from -6.6% to 6.2% of the means. The LOD and LOQ were shown to be less than 100 ng/ml. Ion suppression/enhancement was measured to be within -6.4% to 7.7%. No significant matrix interference was observed in the method and no carryover was found at 3, 000 ng/ml of the analytes. Recovery study and system robustness will be evaluated and discussed. KEYWORDS 140 AUTOMATION; DPX; DRUGS OF ABUSE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TRACE EVIDENCE Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) TE 1-1 DISCRIMINATING AND CLASSIFYING OF BOROSILICATE GLASS USING LA-ICPMS The discrimination of different soda-lime-silica glass based on its usage (e.g. automotive glass, containers, architectural glass etc) has been extensively studied in the recent years based on the various analytical methods available. Although the use of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for borosilicate glass has been reported, these studies primarily focused on differentiating borosilicate glass from the other major glass types. To date, very few studies were done in the discrimination and classification of borosilicate glass according to their end-use. The classification of borosilicate glass could be useful to the glass examiner in determining whether fragments of borosilicate glass found on the apparels of a victim lying on a roadside could possibly have a vehicle origin or coincidentally due to random occurrence. In this paper, we present our findings on the discrimination and classification of the different uses of borosilicate glass (e.g. kitchenware, automotive headlamps, vehicle light bulbs, domestic light bulbs, laboratories glassware etc) based on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Glass refractive index measurement will also be performed to determine if there can be further discriminated based on refractive index. KEYWORDS BOROSILICATE GLASS; SODA-LIMESILICATE GLASS; LASER ABLATION INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY TE 1-2 APPLICATION OF 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS FOR CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICANTS, SURFACTANTS AND IMITATIONVIAGRA. Siwon Kim3 , Dahye Yoon3 , Heonho Lee3 , Dong-Kye Lee1, Yuna Kim2 , Nam Yee Kim2 , Suhkmann Kim3 1 Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Chemistry and Chemistry TE 1-3 EVIDENTIAL VALUE OF DUST IN FALL FROM HEIGHT CASES Rui Lin Lee, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore At the scene, disturbances to a surface via removal of dust from the surface can be indicative of movement and contact occurred with that surface. An example commonly encountered in Singapore would be suspected suicide cases, in which the deceased is believed to have fallen from an alleged floor of a building based on the removal of dust at that location. Investigators would usually be interested to link the deceased with the suspected location through the transfer of dust to the deceased’s hands, feet or apparels. The feature of dust samples in a small, densely populated and highly urbanised tropical country such as Singapore is unknown. In this project, the variation of dust samples from industrial, residential, commercial and coastal regions in Singapore was studied. Being one of the countries with the largest number of high-rise buildings in the world, the differences of dust samples between low floors and high floors was also studied. Microscopic examination and analytical characterization are used to determine the evidential value of the various types of particles found in dust samples associated with a particular location. KEYWORDS DUST; FALL FROM HEIGHT; TRACE 141 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Shun Kang, Huifang Xie, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore 1H NMR spectroscopy can be applied to identify and discriminate the compound. In this study, 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariative statistical analysis as a distinguish tool in forensic field. Lubricants are commonly used such as engine oils, mechanical oils and transmission oils etc. Classification of lubricants is an important task for identification of oils. Surfactants are daily used in house or work place and also used in insecticides or herbicides. Sometimes those are involved in homicide or suicide case. Viagra is the most popular impotency drug. However, that is imitated world widely. We applied NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopic techniques and multivariate pattern recognition techniques to classify lubricants, surfactants and imitation-Viagra.vNMR; Classification; Lubricants WFF2014 TE 1-4 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) A PROPOSED PROCEDURE TO VERIFY A SUICIDE CASE OF CARBON MONOXIDE INTOXICATION BY ANALYZING THE TRACE OF IGNITION CHARCOAL BRIQUETTE Tae-Myung Sung Forensic 1st section, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Seoul, Korea (South) Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication committed by burning Ignition charcoal briquettes (ICB) is popular in Korea as a means of committing suicide. Even though most carbon monoxide intoxications are related to suicide cases but there could be some possibility disguised by offenders. Thus investigating the deceased and crime scenes thoroughly is critical to prove if the deceased carried out to commit suicide. In cases of committing suicides with ICBs, detecting the trace of ICB on objects touched or transferred in high probability, such as door knobs which could be opened by the hands of the deceased is highly crucial to link between the crime scene and the deceased. If the deceased started burning of ICB normally composed of blacken sawdust with barium nitrate[Ba(NO3)2] on one side of center surface, the nostrils of victims could be contaminated by some portion of ICB because nitrate mixed blacken sawdust would be flamed abruptly and pyrolyzed components could be raised with a updraft current which can be moved into nostrils when drawing his/her breath. We applied one case of carbon monoxide intoxication to show an excellent procedure to verify that the incident was occurred for committing suicide. About 30 samples collected from a crime scene were submitted. We employed a stereomicroscope, a microscope FT-IR and a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) for the analysis and comparison of components of a charcoal briquette: GC (TCD) for CO-Hb level: GC/MS for a sleeping drug, and a stereomicroscope, a microscope FT-IR and a pyrolysis-GC/ MS for a partly burnt resin-type substance. We analyzed the trace of ICB by investigating morphological characters, looks more hard and porous surface, and higher carbon content than untreated wood and a crucial marker element, barium originated from barium nitrate, ignition accelerator, which means that the deceased might have carried the ICB. Black material found in nostrils, consisting of carbon and barium elements as peculiar components, which would be inhaled when the ICB emitted pyrolyzed components at the start of flame. This could indicate that the deceased was near the ICB and it can be assumed that he ignited the fire. Seventy nine percent of CO-Hb was obtained, which means 142 the cause of death was intoxication of CO and 2.3 mg/L of diphenhydramine, a sleeping drug, was detected, lower than that of fatal cases: 8-31 mg/L (mean 16 mg/L), which cannot be the main cause of the death. The partially burnt black material was analyzed as an acrylronitrile-styrene polymer, normally used for making bags for carrying or wrapping, which would be used for bringing the ICB. Serial steps mentioned above could be a paragon to draw a conclusion for suicide by the intoxication of CO produced by burning ICB in a sealed room or a car. KEYWORDS IGNITION CHARCOAL BRIQUETTES; CARBON MONOXIDE INTOXICATION; BARIUM NITRATE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TE 1-5 USE OF COMPARISON-MICROSCOPE IN TRACE EVIDENCE ANALYSIS Claus Klein Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH, Germany 143 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Technical advance have brought cutting-edge computer technology to the forensic lab. However, optical comparison is still an indispensable method for examining fired ammunition parts, tool marks, and documents. Courts frequently only accept the evidence when it was identified with the direct optical comparison method. The experts at the forensic laboratory have to identify, analyze, and document the findings from a crime scene.  Therefore, the microscopes and imaging equipment used must provide precision, quality, accuracy and reproducibility of results to ensure success. Taking into account new technologies and trends, I explain how a modern comparison device is defined and what you should look for before buying a new unit. Furthermore I am going to say which accessories work best to examine tool marks  and firearms to uncover unique surface characteristics and how important the optical quality, precise illumination and software for it is . In the subsequent workshop, you can operate the motorized comparison Macroscope "Leica FSC" and experience the latest possibilities such as "Multi focus and 3D imaging" WFF2014 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS COMMITTEE QASC 1-1 / 1-2 TOP 10 NON-CONFORMANCES FOUND DURING ASCLD/LAB ASSESSMENTS [12 MONTH REVIEW] AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) Anja Einseln ASCLD-LAB, USA The first portion of this session will be spent sharing the ‘Top 10’ results of ASCLD/LAB-International Assessments from a 12 month timeframe. Further explanation of each clause will be provided to help the listener gain a better understanding of the types of issues that have come up with an eye on trying to avoid similar situation during your own laboratory assessment. MEASUREMENT TRACEABILITY: SOME EXAMPLES AND THE REQUIREMENTS The second portion of the session will review measurement traceability requirements, policies and clarifications. Several examples of sample documents with be reviewed and pitfalls others have fallen into will be discussed. Ultimately compliance with measurement traceability is vitally important to our success in forensic science and the inter-comparability of measurements is an essential part of our core mission to serve justice. To echo the words from the November 2011 Joint Declaration on Metrological Traceability issued by the BIPM, OIML, ILAC and ISO we must strive to achieve compliance with measurement traceability so our ‘measurement results can be universally accepted.’ 144 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION CSI 2-1 / 2-2 FBI EVIDENCE RESPONSE TEAM APPROACH TO CRIME SCENE MANAGEMENT Michael Grabber FBI Evidence Response Team Unit, USA Program Description The mission of the FBI’s Evidence Response Teams is to collect evidence supporting FBI priority investigations in a professional, competent, and systematic manner. This is accomplished by providing the team members nationally standardized training, equipment, and ready access to specialized forensic expertise. This gives the FBI highly specialized forensics teams that maintain a full operational readiness capability to respond to any type of incident worldwide. Attendees will learn how these teams were formed, the training process they undergo, and how their skills are called to service. Attendees will also learn about the roles and responsibilities of each team member as well as the Incident Command Structure utilized by the on scene command staff to ensure each scene is safely and accurately documented and all necessary data is collected. Case examples discussed will vary in size and will vary across the jurisdictional priorities of the FBI. 145 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) Objective After attending this workshop, attendees will 1) have a full understanding of the FBI’s Evidence Response Team Concept, 2) the roles and responsibilities of each team member, 3) the specialized skills and assets utilized by FBI Evidence Response Teams, and 4) the command structure utilized to mitigate large scenes and/or major cases. WFF2014 CSI 2-4 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) ANALYSIS OF DIATOMS FROM FRESH WATER BODIES IN MANIPUR STATE OF INDIA Ankit Srivastava1, Ningthoujan Khelensana Singh1, Smita Chouhan1, Vijay Kumar Yadav1, Gajendra Pal Singh2 1 Department of Forensic Science, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.), India - 284128, Jhansi, India; 2Department of Botany, Central University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India Investigation of bodies recovered out of water comprises an important proportion of the medico-legal requests. However, the key question whether the victim died due to ‘‘true’’ drowning can frequently not easily be solved. A body recovered from the water does not necessarily imply that death was due to drowning. Detection of diatoms in tissues has been applied as an important sign of drowning since the beginning of 20th century and utility of diatoms for the diagnosis of drowning cases was debated soon after they were first found in lung exudates. While solving drowning cases, a correlation between the diatoms extracted from these tissue samples and the samples obtained from putative drowning medium has to be established for the successful determination of drowning site. In Manipur state of India various drowning cases were recorded in last few years so the present study was focused on the Manipur state. Manipur is located at the north eastern part of India having an alpine climate, very cold in winters and the temperature in the summer is 320 C and in the winter it falls down into zero. In present study, the samples are collected from different water bodies comprising ponds, lakes, rivers, dams, drains, and canals are assessed. At these various types of water bodies, there are 19 genera and 28 species are found with 5 centric diatoms and 23 pennales are recorded during the month of January and February in 2014. In order pennales the dominating diatoms are Nitzschia, Navicula, Synedra, Amphora, Pleurosigma, Mastogloia and Chaetoceros. In order centric the dominating diatoms is only Cyclotella. Pennales diatoms are found dominant than centric diatoms in Manipur. There are 40 samples collected from Manipur in which 25 samples are found and 15 samples are not found. KEYWORDS 146 DROWNING; DIATOMS; MANIPUR WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DNA DNA 2-1 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC DNA DATABASE FOR USE IN CRIMINAL INTELLIGENCE Worawee Waiyawuth Central Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Thailand The DNA Database is the valuable resource for Justice System which contains DNA profiles of suspects, offenders and crime evidences. In criminal investigations, DNA profiles found at the crime scene may be compared to a known suspect stored on the database. Alternatively, where there is no suspect for a particular crime, DNA samples collected at a crime scene may be compared with DNA profiles stored on the DNA Database. A match between the crime evidence and a database profile may identify a new suspect. Moreover, the DNA database can also link many crimes to one another since the criminals tend to reoffend and are often responsible for numerous crimes. In conclusion, it is obviously seen that the Forensic DNA Database play a major role in bringing the public confidence in Justice system and its application is a very worldwide intelligence tool for the criminal investigations at the present. 147 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) Over the past decade, Thailand has been struggling with high crime rates involving firearms and explosives mainly caused by the organized crime especially the Muslim Separatist group in Southern Thailand. For this reason, the DNA Database is considered to be the most powerful and the modern intelligence tools for criminal investigations used in preventing the crimes today. WFF2014 DNA 2-2 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) RAPID DNA: FULLY INTEGRATED, FULLY AUTOMATED GENERATION OF STR PROFILES Julie French1, Eugene Tan2 1 Human Identity Division, Ge Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; 2Product Development, Netbio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States Background: A fully-integrated system has been developed for the automated generation of STR profiles from buccal swab samples, both to improve forensic laboratory process flow and to enable STR profile generation to be performed in police stations. The DNAscan™ Rapid DNA Analysis™ System from GE Healthcare Life Sciences and NetBio is a fully automated system with integrated data analysis and Expert System software. The corresponding BioChipSet™ Cassette is an all-in-one consumable containing all reagents in a single, room-temperature stable cassette. Methods: The DNAscan system is operated by inserting five buccal swab samples into a BioChipSet Cassette, inserting the cassette into the instrument, and closing the door. The system is easy to use and was designed to be used by a nontechnical user within or outside the laboratory. Results: The DNAscan system generates concordant, reproducible, full STR profiles with the CODIS core loci. Conclusions: Rapid DNA technology is designed to increase the speed of DNA processing, minimize the crime lab DNA backlogs, and help lower the cost of law enforcement. The fully integrated DNAscan system represents an easy-touse, fast approach to STR profiling and can be deployed in forensic laboratories, police stations, and other field-forward settings. KEYWORDS RAPID DNA; STR; MICROFLUIDICS DNA 2-3 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF STATISTICAL PROBABILITY FOR LOCI ABOVE 20 Nor Aidora Saedon1, Rauzah Hashim2 , Noraini Ahmad2 , Mohd Izuan Othman1, Baktiar Kassim1 1 Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia Forensic DNA analysis are carried out to ascertain the origin of biological sample left at a crime scene to the individuals 148 involved; either the victim, the perpetrator or any other persons. Once there is a match, forensic scientists will calculate the probability of another individual at random having a matching DNA profile to determine the significance of the match. In Disaster Victim Identification (DVI), the impact increases as the statistical calculations broadens into family tree i.e. kinship identification. Most forensic laboratory are assessing the DNA profile at 15 STR loci where the probability are around 1015 (quadrillion) – 1021 (sextillion). Since 2013, the forensic community was introduced to the 21 STR loci which increases the probability to 1024 (septillion) – 1030 (nonillion). The increased loci not only enhanced the individualisation of the particular DNA profile but also minimises the adventitious DNA match that may occur. Another factor to consider is that, since the probability is huge; whether we still need to calculate probability based on the ethnicity. At a glance, Malaysia consists of three major ethnic groups, Malays, Chinese and Indians; however, these major groups can be further itemized to numerous smaller ethnicities. Based on the frequencies determined at each of the 21 loci, the probability is still massive even if the highest frequencies of the loci are used to calculate the probability. However, for kinship identification cases, having increased loci is definitely an advantage as it will assist in the interpretation as well as enhanced the probability. KEYWORDS MATCH PROBABILITY; KINSHIP; GLOBALFILER DNA 2-4 DISPERSION OF DNA OF COMPROMISED SKULL IN MALAYSIA Nor Aidora Saedon, Nurul Hamizai Abdul Hamid, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Zulhilmi Husni, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia The skull is rarely utilised for DNA analysis of body identification, as there are other bone types with ample DNA that can be sampled. However there are cases where only the skull is available, therefore it is essential to not only ascertain the best area on the skull for DNA analysis but also the method applied. A skull was discovered embedded in swamp area in Malaysia, which indicates long term exposure to degradation. Five different areas of the skull, i.e. the Frontal bone, Maxilla bone, Temporal bone, Occipital and Zygomatic bone were sampled in triplicates and extracted via phenolchloroform and Automate Express for comparison. These WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 samples were then quantitated on the QuantiFiler Kit and amplified using the GlobalFiler casework kit. The amplified samples were electrophoresed on 3500xl Genetic Analyzer and analysed using GeneMapper ID-X ver 1.4. KEYWORDS MAXIMIZE INFORMATION FROM YOUR MIXTURE SAMPLES WITH THE POWERPLEX® FUSION 6C SYSTEM, A COMBINED AUTOSOMAL AND Y-STR MULTIPLEX SKULL; DNA; EXTRACTION GENETIC DATA OF TWELVE X-CHROMOSOMAL LOCI IN THE FILIPINO POPULATION Judycel Macapagal, Franklin De La Cruz, Lorna Santos DNA Analysis Branch, Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory, Camp Crame Quezon City, Philippines Interest in X chromosome markers has increased because of its desirable features of uniparental and autosomal genetic markers. To determine the genetic variation of X chromosome of Filipino population, 12 X-STR loci grouped into four linkage trios: group 1 (DXS8378-DXS10135DXS10148; group 2(DXS-7132-DXS10074-DXS10079); group 3 (HPRTB-DXS10101-DXS10103); and group 4 (DXS7423-DXS10134-DXS10146) were investigated in 292 unrelated Filipinos. Results revealed that no significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in any of the 12 loci. The allele frequencies were from 0.0031 to 0.5273. DXS10135 was the most polymorphic X-STR with 22 alleles (PIC=0.9157) and DXS7423 was the least informative with 6 alleles (PIC=0.5277). Power of discrimination varied from 0.6065 to 0.9211 in male and from 0.7664 to 0.9884 in female. Combined power of discrimination reached 99.99% both for male and female. Off-ladder alleles were observed and these alleles will be characterized by sequencing. The four linkage trios of DXS8378-DXS10135-DXS10148, DXS-7132-DXS10074-DXS10079, HPRTB-DXS10101DXS10103 and DXS7423-DXS10134-DXS10146 revealed 182, 119, 104 and 131 haplotypes, respectively. Most frequent haplotypes were 10-22-25.1 and 10-24-24.1 for group 1, 14-18-19 for group 2, 12-31-19 for group 3 and 15-35-27 for group 4. Results demonstrated that more than 63.40% of haplotypes for each linkage group has a frequency of <0.02. This strongly implies that these linkage groups provide a powerful tool for solving kinship cases in Filipinos as well as for identification purposes. X-CHROMOSOME; LINKAGE GROUP; HAPLOTYPE Lotte Downey, Martin Ensenberger, Patricia Fulmer, Kristy Lenz, Dawn Rabbach, Cynthia Sprecher, Douglas Storts Genetic Identity, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States The PowerPlex® Fusion 6C System is a 6-color STR system for simultaneously amplifying 23 autosomal loci, three Y-STR loci, and Amelogenin. The required (Amelogenin, D18S51, FGA, D21S11, D8S1179, vWA, D13S317, D16S539, D7S820, TH01, D3S1358, D5S818, CSF1PO, D2S1338, D19S433, D1S1656, D12S391, D2S441, D10S1248, DYS391) and preferred (TPOX, D22S1045, SE33) expanded CODIS core loci are combined with Penta D, Penta E, DYS570, and DYS576 to give the system a discriminatory power (PI = 1.80 x 10-32) that is three orders of magnitude higher than other commercially available 6-color STR systems. With nine autosomal and DYS391 loci being less than 250bp, the additional genetic information obtained with this 27-locus STR system will be extremely useful for analyzing degraded samples, where even a partial profile would be informative. Additionally, the three Y-STR loci in this system will allow more confident determination of the number of male contributors in a complex mixture without the need for a separate Y-STR analysis, thus saving time and money. A short PCR cycling time of approximately 60 minutes and the ability to directly amplify single source samples from a variety of substrates will further improve the efficiency of your STR analysis. Largest KEYWORDS MIXTURES; MULTIPLEX OF AUTOSOMAL AND Y-STRS; DNA ANALYSIS DNA 2-7 DEVELOPMENTAL VALIDATION OF AN INNOVATIVE DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM WITH INTELLIGENT TOOLS FOR EFFICIENT SCREENING OF DEGRADED AND INHIBITED CASEWORK SAMPLES Allison Holt, Sheri Olson, Jacquelyn Gabriel, Robert Green Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA, United States 149 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) DNA 2-5 KEYWORDS DNA 2-6 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) WFF2014 Recently introduced next generation STR kits are more sensitive, highly robust to inhibitors and highly discriminating. The result of these changes is that useful STR profiles can now be obtained from previously untypeable forensic DNA samples. Such casework samples often have low quantity and/or degraded DNA, PCR inhibitors, and, in sexual assault samples, a high quantity of female DNA compared to male DNA. These factors can make it difficult to decide whether to continue with STR analysis, which STR kit to use and how much DNA to add to the STR amplification reaction. To address these factors, we have developed a new DNA quantification and assessment kit to provide better correlation between the DNA sample and resulting STR profile. The Quantifiler® HP and Trio DNA Quantification kits enable efficient and accurate quantification of human DNA and are the first kits to provide a Quality Index to detect the presence of degraded DNA along with PCR inhibitors. In addition, the Quantifiler® Trio kit determines the quantity of male DNA present in samples. All of these results guide the selection of the most appropriate STR kits in order to help maximize the chances of casework sample analysis success. These new kits provide a quantitative measure of the degree of DNA degradation, useful for the determination of how much DNA to add to the STR reaction and which STR kit to use in order to deliver the most informative results. Through our developmental validation studies we show how degradation predicts the ski slope effect with downstream STR PCR amplification kits and how the addition of more DNA can recover the lost alleles. We also show how the increase in assay sensitivity and the improved inhibitor tolerance can be used as a decision making tool to obtain complete profiles from challenging casework samples. These samples include trace DNA samples, highly degraded DNA samples, low quantity of male DNA in high level of female DNA as well as samples contaminated with PCR inhibitors. The developmental validation data also demonstrates how these new quantification kits provide critical decision making tools as part of the forensic casework workflow using AmpFLSTR® MiniFiler™, Identifiler® Plus and the GlobalFiler™ Kits, illustrating how this approach can facilitate enhanced efficiency and first pass success rates. For Research, Forensic or Paternity Use Only. Not intended for any animal or human therapeutic or diagnostic use KEYWORDS DEGRADATION; INHIBITION; SCREENING DNA 2-8 DEVELOPMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE YFILER® PLUS PCR AMPLIFICATION KIT 150 Andrea Carbonaro, Siddhita Gopinath Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Oyster Point, United States Y-chromosomal markers have proven useful in solving investigations where low levels of male DNA are present in a high female DNA background. An intrinsic limitation of Y-STRs compared with autosomal STRs is a reduced power of discrimination due to a lack of recombination throughout most of the Y-chromosome. Thus, in an effort to increase the power of discrimination we have developed a new 6-dye, 27-plex Y-STR system that includes the 17 markers from the AmpFlSTR Yfiler® and Yfiler Direct kits plus 10 additional highly polymorphic Y-STR markers (DYS576, DYS627, DYS460, DYS518, DYS570, DYS449, DYS481, DYF387S1a/b and DYS533). These ten new loci include 7 rapidly mutating Y-STR loci which allow for improved discrimination of related individuals. The new multiplex is a dual application assay designed to amplify DNA from extracted casework samples and database samples from storage cards and swab lysates via direct amplification. Compared to the previous Yfiler® and Yfiler® Direct kits, the new multiplex shows improved performance in inhibited samples and admixed male and female samples at ratios >1:1000, better differentiation in male:male mixture samples in high female DNA background, and faster time to results. Additionally, no reproducible cross-reactive products were obtained on bacteria and commonly encountered animal species. The haplotype diversity and discriminatory capacity calculations for several population groups will be presented, as well as father-son studies and validation studies demonstrating improved performance with challenging samples. KEYWORDS Y-STR; SEXUAL ASSAULT; RM MARKERS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ILLICIT DRUGS ID 2-1 CHEMISTRY AND REACTION MECHANISMS OF COLOUR TESTS FOR DRUGS OF ABUSE AND PRECURSORS CHEMICALS Colour tests are usually the simplest and quickest chemical test that an analyst can apply to a sample. They are designed to provide an indication of the presence or absence of drug classes in the test sample and quickly eliminate negative samples. Good presumptive testing methods, as all analytical techniques, maximize the probability of a “true” result, and minimize false positives. However, presumptive tests are not considered sufficient for drug identification and results must be confirmed by additional laboratory tests. Colour tests have their place not only in field test kits for police and customs personnel, but also as important constituents of analytical laboratory schemes. Colour tests are not only applicable for drugs of abuse but as well for precursors chemicals. Some colour tests are more specific than others. Good examples to illustrate the considerable differences in specificity are the tests routinely used for the three classes of illicit drugs most frequently encountered worldwide in the illicit market, the opiates (semi-synthetic drug), methamphetamine, amphetamine and ketamine (synthetic drug) and cannabis (plant based drug). The Marquis test (sulfuric acid-formaldehyde reagent) is one of those classical tests which produce colours with a very large variety of organic chemicals, both natural and synthetic origin, including several classes of drugs of abuse and their precursors, under various types of regulatory control. In contrast, Cannabis tests such as the Duquenois-Levine test and the diazo-dye formation between Fast Blue B salt and the important natural cannabinoids, appear to be a rather specific and reliable tool for the presumptive identification of cannabis products. Due to their wide availability and low cost, colour tests are standard constituents of testing in forensic laboratories. As a drug chemist, application and improvement of the tests, the knowledge of the chemical structures and the reaction mechanisms of the coloring in final products are essential. In recent years illicit trafficking of drugs of abuse and precursors chemicals have been subject to extensive in many countries of the world. Identification of the substances by KEYWORDS COLOR TEST; MARQUIS; SIMON ID 2-2 DRUG IDENTIFICATION USING LINEAR RETENTION INDEX Zhi Wei Eyo, Desmond Tan, Shih Yun Pang, Sok Hong Nio, Wendy Lim, Angeline Yap Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore Gas chromatography is one of the internationally-accepted techniques used in many forensic laboratories for drug analysis. One of the criteria used to identify the drug of interest is to compare the retention time of the analysed substance with the retention time of a drug standard. However, the availability and affordability of some of the new and existing drug standards have proven to be a challenge for many drug testing laboratories, especially with the emergence of many new psychoactive substances (NPS) in the recent years. One possible way to overcome this challenge is to create a transferable Linear Retention Index (LRI) library database that can be shared and used as a reference for retention time matching without a drug standard. LRI converts system-dependent retention time into system-independent constant which is more useful as the value obtained can now be compared with other laboratories and aids in the identification of drugs. The LRI is calculated based on normalisation to the retention times of a series of n-alkanes run on the same system using the following formula: LRI = 100 * [n + (N – n) (tr(unknown) – tr(n))/(tr(N) – tr(n))] Where: LRI = Linear Retention Index n = the number of carbon atoms in the n-alkane eluting just before the substance N = the number of carbon atoms in the n-alkane eluting just after the substance tr = the retention time In this study, we demonstrate the application of LRI as a feasible option in the drug testing laboratories to gain gas 151 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) Gunalan Varatharajan Department of Chemistry, Narcotic Division, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia colour test is the first step in the forensic laboratory schemes. In this presentation, a simple chemical method, based on a combination of five known colour tests (Marquis, Simon, Zimmermann, Duqunois-Levine, Cobalt Thiocyanate and Chen-Kao, will be presented to differentiate drugs of abuse and precursors chemicals. The underlying chemistry and reaction mechanism in the formation of the coloring matters is discussed. WFF2014 chromatographic data in the absence of drug standards. The LRI obtained for a series of drugs analysed by the laboratory as well as the reproducibility of these values will be presented. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) KEYWORDS L I N E A R R E T E N T I O N I N D E X ; G A S CHROMATOGRAPHY; DRUG STANDARDS ID 2-3 A RECOMMENDED PROCEDURE TO ESTABLISHING THE PROFILING OF METHYLAMPHETAMINE BY SYNTHETIC ROUTES Vanitha Kunalan Narcotics Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia Methylamphetamine can be synthesised by several routes by normally using one of two precursors. Each route results in possible contaminants (by-products, inter mediates and impurities) that is influenced by the precursors, reagents, and synthetic method used for production. Contaminants can facilitate identification of the synthetic route, origin of precursors and may suggest information as to the location of manufacture of these illicit drugs. Contaminant profiling can provide vital intelligence for investigations in which linking seizures or identifying the synthetic pathway is essential. This presentation presents a procedure containing five major steps was followed to analyse and classify synthesised methylamphetamine samples. It is important for researcher in this field to practice this recommended procedure as a practical guideline in the profiling and discrimination batches of seized methylamphetamine. Valuable information can be extracted from profiling work and in turn, leading to an increase in evidential value and forensic drug intelligence from forensic drug samples. This research involves repetitive synthesis of methylamphetamine using eight methods most accessible to clandestine chemists. Various analytical techniques were used in order to determine the organic and inorganic impurities. In the first technique, organic impurities were extracted and analysed by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GCMS) using DB-5 column. The GCMS method was able to discriminate all the eight routes based on the ‘target route specific impurities’. In the second technique, the stable isotope ratios of carbon (d13C), nitrogen (d15N) and hydrogen (d2H) were measured by elemental analyzer/ thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA/ TC-IRMS), which allowed determination of the samples 152 by precursors. Accurate discrimination of the samples by precursors was demonstrated using plots of the d values, with d13C affording the best discrimination. In the third technique, inorganic impurities present in the final product of the methylamphetamine synthesis were analysed by inductive couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results indicate that trace metal impurities allow discrimination by synthetic pathway. Pattern recognition techniques were applied to the GCMS data, IRMS data, ICPMS data, a combination of two data and all three data. Hierarchiral cluster analysis, principal component analysis and discriminate analysis provided meaningful discrimation of the batches, demonstrating that methylamphetamine profiling to link samples by starting material and/or synthetic route is achievable. Hence the fivestep procedure is sufficient for any chemist who attempts discriminates batches of methylamphetamine samples by synthetic routes. KEYWORDS PROCEDURE; METHYLAMPHETAMINE; PROFILING ID 2-4 EVIDENCE RECOVERY AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS FOR INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TWO DRUG SMUGGLING CASES Xing Huang1, Weixin Wang2 , Ying Chang2 , Jun Zhu2 , Lisheng Gao2 1 Department of Science and Research Managment, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Drug Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China More attention has been paid for drug analysis in the lab to identify the components in seized drugs, resolving molecular structure of unknown substances and determine the amount of drugs. All information is of importance to certify criminal facts and provide proofs for punishment in court. The proof of drug smuggling case, however, is usually not limited in reports concerning the content listed above, but also covers the report helpful to describe the crime clues and build linkage of exhibit and fact. Facing the later, scientists often meet much more difficulty such as trace evidence, which is hard to recover good sample for analysis. This paper presented two cases in which even though other evidences have indicated the fact of drug smuggling, it was lack of the linkage between the drugs and suspects. Without confession to drug smuggling by the suspects, the detectives assumed: (1) in the first case, the suspect carried heroin bricks WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 value is complete when it is accompanied by a statement of the associated uncertainty. Measurement uncertainty (MU) provides complete information about the analytical result and enables the user of the result to better evaluate the result and make a decision. The evaluation of the uncertainty associated with measurement results is a requirement for testing laboratories accredited to the ISO/IEC 17025 or the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB). There are two main approaches for estimating MU – the bottom-up approach which attempts to identify and quantify all individual uncertainty components; and the top-down approach which is based on validation and quality control data, assuming that they are representative for all measurements for the method. This presentation shows a practical way to estimate MU using the top-down approach which is in line with the ISO principles. The MU for the determination of methamphetamine via high performance liquid chromatography by the top-down approach is discussed. A reality check of the estimated MU is made by comparing it with the Horwitz’s equation and data from an external proficiency testing program. E V I D E N C E R E C O V E RY; C H E M I C A L ANALYSIS; DRUG The clandestine manufacture of drugs has recently expanded around the world. Compared to such plantbased drugs as heroin, cocaine and cannabis, synthetic drugs such as methylamphetamine, amphetamine and 3, 4-methyldioxymethamphetamine (3, 4-MDMA) are relatively easy to manufacture in clandestine laboratories from commonly available chemicals. In Malaysia, ketamine first emerged as a drug of abuse in 1998, appearing most commonly in the form of relatively pure crystalline powder and in “ecstasy” tablets. In May 2001 it was scheduled as a controlled substance and by then it has joined heroin, cannabis, and methamphetamine as the top four drugs of abuse in the country. Large quantities (multikilograms) of relatively very pure crystalline ketamine originating from India have been seized intermittently over KEYWORDS ID 2-5 TOP-DOWN APPROACH FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE MEASUREMENT OF UNCERTAINTY FOR METHAMPHETAMINE DETERMINATION BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY Charmaine Hu, Kee Bian Chan, Wendy Lim, Merula Mangudi, Michelle Woo, Angeline Yap Illicit Drugs Division, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore All measurements are subject to uncertainty and a measured UNCERTAINTY; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; METHAMPHETAMINE KEYWORDS ID 2-6 SEIZURE OF A CLANDESTINE KETAMINE LABORATORY IN MALAYSIA Vanitha Kunalan, Maimonah Sulaiman, Chan Kee Bian Department of Chemistry, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia 153 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) in his pocket and threw them away immediately at sight of police, then denied his drug smuggling; (2) in the second case, in order to hide criminal clues, the suspects sold their car used for carrying ephedrine. The detectives found this car after several months, however, no proof indicated directly it was once used for carrying ephedrine. And the car has been further cleaned by the new owner and little drug was assumed to be left. Since more direct proof and criminal fact profile shall be presented in court, the suspects’ clothes and car, which were suspected to be used for carrying drugs, were submitted to the lab for recovering proper evidence and determining the presence of drug. Proper methods were used to recover the trace drug from clothes and car, and then the analytical technique was used to identify the presence of drug. In the first case, heroin was detected from the extract which is obtained by immersing the patch of the suspect’s clothing into ethanol and concentrating under nitrogen gas purging. In the second case, ephedrone was detected from the extract which is obtained by wiping and colleting the residue from the car, and then dissolving the residue into methanol followed by concentrating under nitrogen gas purging. The results ascertained the detectives’ assumption and provided the strong proof to the court for making sentence. These two cases highlighted the importance of the objective evidences which reveal more information based on analytical techniques and forensic scientist who are demanded to involve the criminal scene investigation and evidence recovery. By this paper, it is suggested that, for the better chain of evidence, cooperation between detectives and scientists are highly encouraged, especially, involvement in evidence recovery is of necessity to forensic scientist from the drug analysis laboratory. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) WFF2014 the past 10 years. These and other relatively very pure crystalline ketamine seizures were thought to be diversions from legitimate sources. In this work we report the first encounter of a clandestine ketamine laboratory in Malaysia. The facility, located at a warehouse near the capital city of Kuala Lumpur, was seized in July 2013. The synthetic route utilized was based on the Calvin Stevens (Parke Davis) patent with cyclopentyl chloride replacing cyclopentyl bromide and the last step conversion of hydroxylimine hydrochloride (also known as 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)(methylimino)methyl] cyclopentanol hydrochloride) to ketamine was affected by prolonged heating in 1, 2-dichlorobenzene instead of decalin. The discovery of this clandestine laboratory is a significant development as heretofore it has been surmised that clandestine of ketamine manufacture is too difficult and complex. Cases based on the tightening of import and export of some precursors such as ephedrine and P2P were also highlighted. Syndicate always learned how to find new precursors for the synthesis of ATS. Lastly, the CLIC training also serves to update our literature on journals and publication. This presentation also includes my presentation during the CLIC training in Boston in 2013. In Indonesia, cases of clandestine laboratories are dominated by the Nagai route and Emde route. Most of them are small scale clandestine laboratories involving kitchen laboratories or big scale clandestine laboratories such as cases discovered in Cikande, West Java (2005) and Batam (2007). In a new case in 2013, NNB’s Police dismantled 1 kitchen lab in Cimahi, West Java. Another case was in July 2013 where NNB’s Police intercepted an exporter of precursor (safrole oil) to LA, USA. This person was producing safrole oil from camphora woods in East Java and the amount of precursor was 310 Lt. KEYWORDS K E T A M I N E ; C A LV I N S T E V E N S ; CLANDESTINE LABORATORY KEYWORDS FORENSIC CAPACITY BUILDING; CLIC; TRAINING ID 2-7 FORENSIC CAPACITY BUILDING - CLIC TRAINING Riska Dwi Widayati Drug Testing Laboratory, National Narcotics Board of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia In forensic casework, updating knowledge and sharing knowledge in communities are very important to gain information in our fight against syndicates of drugs. The annual Clandestine Laboratory Investigating Chemists Association (CLIC) Seminar serves as a great training platform to facilitate the sharing of knowledge on the new methods of drug synthesis. This training is specialized in the investigation of clandestine laboratory (including crime scene analysis of precursors/new precursors, drugs, chemicals and synthetic route analysis), forensic analysis (drug signature analysis, mechanism of action and adverse effects of drugs used, chemical weapon such as ricin analysis), analytical chemistry technique (GCMS analysis, SWGDRUG Library, extraction of psychoactive plants) and laboratory safety (safety procedure for entering clandestine laboratory). It is important to attend this CLIC training due to the reality of the fast emergence of designer drugs. In the CLIC training, extraction and analysis of psychoactive plants are taught. In addition, the analysis of NPS by updating our method analysis and GCMS library was also shared. Information about new precursors or alternative precursors was provided. 154 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TOXICOLOGY TX 2-1 / 2-2 DRUG FACILITATED SEXUAL ASSAULT: GET IT RIGHT! THE RIGHT INVESTIGATION, THE RIGHT DRUG, THE RIGHT SPECIMEN, THE RIGHT LAB AND, THE RIGHT INTERPRETATION The goal of this presentation is to educate and inform participants about the correct process for investigation and selecting the proper testing protocol in suspected DFSA cases. The advantages and disadvantages of the several potential test specimens will be discussed. The analytical capabilities and limitations of the testing processes will be discussed and evaluated. This presentation will impact the forensic science community by informing practitioners how to obtain the maximum amount of information from a potentially limited amount of DFSA evidence by the initiating appropriate investigation, selecting the proper specimen, testing protocol and laboratory to perform the analysis. Sexual assault investigations, especially when Drug Facilitated Sexual assault is involved, require a thorough characterization of properly collected evidence and an informed interpretation of results. The critical steps are: 1) the collection and preservation of evidence, 2) the submission of the evidence to an adequately equipped laboratory and 3) the interpretation of the findings of these analyses. The proper collection and preservation of evidence has been addressed, normalized and disseminated for biological evidence intended for DNA testing, but not for forensic toxicology including DFSA evidence. The analytical capabilities of laboratories vary widely. DFSA evidence must be analyzed for a large number of drugs, many of which require special techniques and expertise not available in some laboratories. Laboratories that mainly provide clinical laboratory services or occupational urine drug screens are seldom appropriate for forensic toxicology. The lab selected to perform DFSA testing should be able to furnish a report either excluding or confirming the presence of alcohol, opiates, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, barbiturates, and cannabinoids. The interpretation of analytical data in forensic toxicology is not standardized. This results in confusion among those who are responsible for adjudicating alleged DFSA assaults. Standards for the type of sample collected, the handling of DFSQA evidence, a comprehensive drug screen and standardized interpretation of results would assist the trier’s of fact in determining whether DFSA occurred, thereby protecting both the rights of the victims and the accused. 155 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) Ashraf Mozayani1, Douglas Posey2 1 Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, United States; 2International Forensic Science Consultants, Houston, Texas, United States WFF2014 TRACE EVIDENCE TE 2-1 / 2-2 HOW TO ASSES A FIBRE CASE, PLAN AN EXAMINATION STRATEGY AND EVALUATE THE FINDINGS AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) Kornelia Nehse Forensic Science Institute, Landeskriminalamt Berlin, Berlin, Germany Fibres are generally minute traces which can’t be detected with the naked eye. Despite their minute seize they can provide useful information and lead to valuable results if handled with care. PART 1 – Trace Evidence Recovery at the Scene The workshop provides information regarding fibre evidence recovery on the scene in mayor crime cases (e.g. murder and sexual assault). The method allows a very detailed mapping of found fibres in the course of examination and analysis. Methods, means and reasons for this technique will be described on basis of a fictive case scenario. PART 2 – Case Conference, Case Assessment and Examination Plan The actual workshop is starting with a case conference where information regarding the situation at the scene, first investigative results and medical findings are discussed to assess the case and to plan and visualize a strategy for fibre examination. PART 3 – Analytical Methods and Instrumentation There will be also a focus on the different analytical methods and instrumentation used for fibre identification. PART 4 – Evaluation of Findings Since the textile market is in constant movement, new fibre developments, colours and shades are available. Furthermore fibre material is also highly influenced by batch variation, UV, wear and tear, washing powder and washing procedures inducing e.g. colour changes and fading. Despite most of the fibres seen in case work are more basic types (in colour and material), they may have undergone more or less intense changes during their individual lifetime which may enhance the evidential value. Numeral fibre components found in one case, even of the more basic type, can also heavily enhance the evidential value of findings. An indirect transfer of fibres may increase the value of results in addition. A reliable fibre analysis and comparison is the basis of all information provided yet there is far more to it. Fibres intelligence work may help to identify the potential source of certain fibres and offers extended possibilities to assist investigation. Highly differentiating methods of trace recovery in combination with case related background information may allow “Activity Level” interpretation and can be recognized as challenge and chance to assist investigators during their investigation and enhance the evidential value of findings to be presented in court. However a constant exchange of information is the basis for successful work since changing conditions may alter the interpretation of results. The relevance of findings will also be discussed e.g. in relation to shedding abilities of garments, fibre persistence and fibre distribution to come to a well formed conclusion regarding the evidential value of findings and it will be assessed if findings reflect the assumed scenario and fit into the case context. PART 5 – Case Presentation Fibre findings will be visualized via maps to show the fibre distribution and fibre charts to emphasize on the fibre network and their relations. 156 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS COMMITTEE QASC 2-1 / 2-2 MOVING TOWARD MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF MANAGING BACKLOG – ENGAGING IN CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT Anja Einseln Becoming a supervisor can be both a blessing and a firecracker. While there may be ideas of ‘finally being able to fix what’s wrong here’ there can also be the surprise of becoming aware of undercurrents and ulterior motives that you were not aware of before moving to your new supervisory position. The focus of this presentation will be to highlight areas within ISO/IEC 17025 where the document provides hints and guidance on matters that should be tracked and revisited frequently to harvest data and information to improve an organization. Additional successful strategies employed by several forensic supervisors will be provided. 157 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 13 (Mon) ASCLD-LAB, USA WFF2014 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION CSI 3-1 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF SHOEPRINT INFORMATION SYSTEM IN CHINA Huanzhang Fu, Maosen Ban Marks Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China Shoeprint is one of the most abundant forms of evidence at a crime scene left by an offender, however its efficient utilization is still a great problem compared to its high rate of collection in the crime scene investigation. In the age of information society, China Police has constructed a series of shoeprint information system based on the modern information techniques, for the better use of shoeprint in the criminal investigation, such as shoeprint Automatic Recognition System for the management and utilization of shoeprint, Shoesample Database Application System for searching the corresponding shoesamples according to the shoeprint collected at a crime scene and Shoeprint Collaborative Application System for linking criminal cases across the provinces etc. We will introduce all these information systems and their application in the criminal investigation in this presentation. KEYWORDS SHOEPRINT; INFORMATION SYSTEM; AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION CSI 3-2 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IN MONGOLIA Batmyagmar Bataa, Ochirbat Togookhuu Policy and Strategic develeopment, Mongolian National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia We are celebrating 70 year of establishment of forensic services in Mongolia. It started with dosen experts, such as forensic photographer, fingerprint examiner and expert of mark examiners. Now National Institite of Forensic Science is nationwide forensic serving agency under Ministry of Justice, and with about 500 staffs. NIFS Mongolia has 5 main forensic departments such as Forensic science department, forensic medicine department, department of crimininalistics, Forensic accounting department, Metropolitan forensic services of Capital city and also 21 provinces Forensic service branches. 158 Main duty of Metropolitan Forensic service of Capital city and other forensic service branches in provinces is crime scene investigation. There are a few specifications in crime scene processing that are related mongolian population, administrative units, climats conditions, law regulations and so. We have goods and bads. I will share about it in my presnetation. KEYWORDS CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION; CSI WORKGROUP; MONGOLIAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCEE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DNA DNA 3-1 RECENT ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES: THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON FORENSIC SCIENCE AND THE ORGANIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AREA COMMITTEES The development of a quality infrastructure for forensic science was a key component of some of the reforms anticipated in the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) 2009 report entitled “Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward.” In response to the NAS report, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the US Department of Justice (DOJ) formed a partnership in March 2013 which specified the establishment of a National Commission on Forensic Science (NCFS) and development of “Guidance Groups” now termed Scientific Area Committees (SACs). NCFS membership was announced in January 2014 and the first Commission meeting was held February 3-4, 2014 in Washington, DC. From over 300 applicants, thirty-seven individuals were selected to achieve a diversity of experiences, including federal, state, and local forensic science service providers; research scientists and academicians; federal, state, local prosecutors, defense attorneys and judges; law enforcement; and other relevant stakeholders. The Commission is led by cochairs James Cole, Deputy Attorney General, and Dr. Willie May, Acting NIST Director. Nelson Santos, Deputy Assistant Administrator for the Office of Forensic Sciences at the Drug Enforcement Administration, and Dr. John Butler, Special Assistant to the Director for Forensic Science, serve as the DOJ and NIST Vice-Chairs, respectively. The NCFS is a federal advisory committee for DOJ and as such follows prescribed rules that include public meetings and a balance of perspectives. Commissioners come from 21 states and represent: professors of biochemistry, chemistry, pathology, physics, sociology, statistics, and law (including a Nobel laureate and National Medal of Science recipient); crime laboratory directors; judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys; and a sheriff, detective, coroner, medical examiner, victims’ advocates, and defendants’ rights advocates. All NCFS meetings are public and materials are available at http://www.justice.gov/ncfs. NIST developed the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) to administer and coordinate support for the discipline-specific SACs (see http://www.nist.gov/forensics/osac.cfm). In September 2013, NIST issued a Notice of Inquiry (NOI) in the Federal Register to obtain national and international input on the establishment and structure of governance models. Eighty-two submissions were received in response to the NOI. The OSAC is designed to provide uniform administration for development, promulgation, and adoption of documentary standards in the forensic science community. While NCFS is a DOJ advisory group to enact policies, OSAC will be an on-going community effort to improve forensic practices through developing documentary standards that can be used by accrediting bodies in future audits of forensic laboratories. This presentation will review progress made with NCFS and OSAC. 159 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) John M. Butler National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA WFF2014 DNA 3-2 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) THE POWERFUL AND EFFECTIVE APPLICATION PROCESS FOR CAPTURING A SERIAL RAPIST BY THE UTILIZATION OF FORENSIC DNA INFORMATION Sammy Jung, Nam Soo Cho Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) We report here the application and utilization process of the forensic DNA information for capturing of a serial rapist. During 2005-2009 a serial rapist from the Western region, Gyeonggi Province committed at least 5 rapes. An unknown offender sexually assaulted women in their house. Information of an offender was insufficient. DNA profile of an offender was obtained from the victims’ bodies and crime scene while performing on-site investigation. The DNA samples from crime scene were analyzed with three forensic DNA methods (autosomal STR, Y- STR haplotypes, and mitochondrial DNA). Crime scene aspects of a serial rapist show similar components in the viewpoint of geographical and behavioral characteristics. Two men (the convicted person and a serial rapist) had identical Y-STRs haplotypes in 17 Y-chromosome STR loci and possessed common alleles in 15 out of 15 autosomal loci. We supposed that this suspect could be a man closely related to the rapist. 17 Y-STR haplotype of the biological materials left at five serial crime scenes was carried a star-like cluster from a specific surname in Korea population data [Forensic Sci. Int.: Genetics 5(2011), e122-123]. In societies, patrilineal surnames and Y-STR haplotypes are expected to be correlated. After few days, this information was sent to the police and DNA sample of the offender was obtained after his arrest. DNA profile was exactly matched with those in the crime scene samples. The frequency of the CODIS DNA profile identified was estimated to be 5.28 x 10-16 in a Korean population. The comprehensive application including forensic DNA analysis and criminal profiling could lead to trace felonious criminals in forensic investigations on a much wider scale than has been used to date. KEYWORDS DNA INFORMATION; FORENSIC DNA METHOD, SURNAME; A SERIAL RAPIST DNA 3-3 DNA EXAMINATION OF MENTAL GIRL WHO HAD NO MEMORY OF BEING RAPED, WHERE PENETRATION WITHOUT EJACULATION BY SEXUAL ASSAILANTS. 160 Sarabjit Singh DNA Division, forensic Science Services, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, New Delhi, India Sex related crimes are most heinous humiliating and unwitnessed crime. Women and Children remain the most vulnerable group to this crime. A girl is the most defenseless group to this crime because inability to protect themselves. Now a day’s 90% criminal is getting smarter than before he wearing a condom in sexual assault cases.In case of stains that contain mixed DNA from different contributors, analyzing Condom with Male urethral epithelial cells from Vaginal Swab. The presence of a single allele from each male should facilitate the determination of the correct number of male donors. DNA from two males was mixed in various ratios (1/2, 1/3, 1/6, 1/12, 1/15, 1/20, 1/30) and a total of 3 ng amplified using Y-STR profile. The presence of two individuals determined by the presence of two allelic signals at a single locus (except DYS385) was clearly discernible, when the 1st Suspect was present at 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 and 1/6 Concentration of the suspect 2nd. However when first contributor comprised 1/12 or less of the total DNA in which male Urethral epithelial and Outer Surface of condom DNA revealed by Autosomal STR filer and the Second contributor was noticeable in inside part of Condom by Y-STR profile. The identification of the number of male donors by Y-STR analysis is exemplified in the case of a two-male admixture DNA with Condom. The significance of condom evidence confirmed Sexual assault and forensic nurse statement for Court testimony that collection of vaginal swab, epithelial cell when victim approach for medical examination due to regular intra vaginal bleeding. KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE; DNA PROFILING, RAPE CASES; CONDOM, Y-STR. DNA 3-4 IDENTIFICATION OF SEVERELY BURNED CORPSES: LIMITATION OF TYPE OF BODY PARTS TO BE USED AS DNA SAMPLE (CASE REPORT) Djaja Surya Atmadja1, Evi Untoro2 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2 Instalation of Forensic Medicine, Sentra Medika Cibinong Hospital, Bogor, Indonesia Introduction. DNA typing is the method of choice for personal identification, for its high degree of determination. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS B U R N E D B O D Y; S T R D N A T Y P I N G ; PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION DNA 3-5 AN EXPERIENCE OF THE DNA DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS VIA QIAGEN QIA CUBE Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasim@mahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Norummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Manual differential analysis proves to be taxing as the stained substrate needs to be twirled as least 2 minutes to assist the DNA diffusion. QIAGEN designed an apparatus, Qia Cube which is able to separate the male and female and later extract the DNA using the QIAmp Investigator Kit. Mock Forensic Samples consists of semen and blood mixtures were prepared at different concentration and stained on jeans and cotton. These samples were later dried at different conditions before extracting via the DNA via Qia Cube. Extracted DNA samples were later quantitated via the QuantiFiler Trio Kit and amplified and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. The results indicated that the Qia Cube are able to separate out the sperm cells and the non-sperm cells and these extracts have successfully generated DNA profiles. KEYWORDS QIA CUBE; DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS; INVESTIGATOR KIT DNA 3-6 QUANTIFILER TRIO : AN EVALUATION ON MOCK CASEWORK DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS SAMPLES Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lazim@mahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Forensic DNA analysis has matured and evolved dramatically within the last 4 years in terms of extraction and amplification process. Often than not, we neglect the quantitation process which proven to be essential in determining the outcome of a balanced DNA profile. A new quantitation kit, The QuantiFiler Trio was designed to incorporate not only the Total DNA and the Male DNA but also comes with the Degradation Index. The Degradation Index was intended to assist forensic scientists on the presence of any inhibitors and its significance. Mock casework samples were utilized to evaluate on the sensitivity and the Male/Female ratio, whereas bone extracts were used to assess the Degradation Index. A total of 324 samples were quantitated and the results were then exploited for amplification and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. The results indicated that the quantitation kit is able to detect as low as 0.005ng of DNA and the Degradation Index factor confirmed to be helpful in assessing the quality of the DNA extracts prior to the amplification process. KEYWORDS QUANTIFILER TRIO; DEGRADATION INDEX; DNA 161 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) DNA is also known for its stability to environment influences and its wide range of sample choices for analysis. In case with severely burned body, DNA sample collection faces the limitation of sample for analysis, especially if almost of the body has been charred. Case report. The police authority received a report that a car was shot and burned in a remote area of mining ground in Timika, West Papua. In the crime scene the CSI team found a car with up sided position, had been severely burned out. Two charred body were found in the front part of the car, in sitting position without extremities. The autopsy was performed in the Freeport Hospital to determine the cause of death. The radiographs on the charred materials showed no bullet nor missiles and also no fracture related to gunshot injury. The findings of mucous mixed with sooth in the trachea, and the cherry red color of incision surface of psoas muscle showed that the victims were alive when burning happened. Two corporate employee, the head and vice security commanders, were missing and they were suspected as the victims. For personal identification, the postmortem information were very limited because almost all of tissue was burned to char, including teeth and bones. No blood sample can be collected from the charred tissue. Fortunately, a part of psoas muscle were intact because it was protected by the abdominal wall, abdominal organs, and ribs. For DNA examination, incision surface of psoas muscle was rubbed onto FTA card classic. The venous bloods sample were taken from daughter-wife and son-wife of suspected persons’ family. DNA from FTA was extracted by using FTA protocol kit and blood sample by Wizard genomic purification kit (Promega), followed by amplification on 15 STR loci of Identifiler (Perkin Elmer). DNA analysis successfully confirmed that the victims were the suspects. Conclusion. DNA sample in the severely burned body is limited depending on the severity of burning. A simple smear of intact protected tissue, such as psoas muscle, can be used for DNA analysis. WFF2014 DNA 3-7 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) EVALUATION OF THE PROTOTYPE PROMEGA POWERQUANTTM SYSTEM FOR DNA QUANTITATION Jazelyn Salvador1, 2 , Maria Lourdes Honrado1, Dame Loveliness Apaga2 , Gayvelline Calacal1, 2 , Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines PowerQuantTM System is a newly developed quantitative PCR-based system from Promega that is used to monitor the integrity of DNA and to determine the total amount of autosomal and male DNA through the inhibition, degradation, autosomal and Y targets that are incorporated in the kit. Early this year, the University of the Philippines, Natural Sciences Research Institute, DNA Analysis Laboratory (UP-NSRI-DAL) was invited by Promega Corporation to take part in the alpha test of a prototype PowerQuantTM System on the Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR System using the HID Real-Time PCR Analysis Software v1.1 (Life Technologies). We report here our laboratory’s experience in following the protocol provided and results of the alpha test. We assessed the sensitivity of the PowerQuantTM System to determine the range of DNA concentrations that are able to produce reliable quantitation results. Simulated mixture and degraded DNA samples were also quantitated using the kit to determine the range of detectable mixture ratio, and to determine the presence and amount of degraded DNA, respectively. To correlate DNA quantity with DNA quality for downstream genotyping, samples were amplified using PowerPlex® 21 and PowerPlex® Y23 Systems (Promega). We found the prototype PowerQuant™ System to be useful in determining the total amount of autosomal and male DNA in the samples tested, as well as evaluate the degree of degradation in simulated degraded DNA samples. We observed a strong correlation between the [Autosomal]/[Degradation] ratio value obtained using the PowerQuantTM System, and the autosomal STR (aSTR) profile. Increased drop-out of largersized aSTR markers was observed as the [Autosomal]/ [Degradation] ratio increases (>1.97). In addition, the PowerQuantTM System produced more consistent [Autosomal]/[Y] ratio for single-source male samples and is more sensitive to very low amounts of DNA (<1 pg/µL) as compared to the Plexor® HY System (Promega), which we are currently using. Based on our experience, with 162 minor improvement and/or adjustment in the prototype kit’s chemistry and analysis protocol, the PowerQuantTM System is likely to provide a better estimate of the quality, quantity and nature of human DNA in case samples compared to other assays. The presence of four DNA targets in one reaction maximizes the amount of information that one can extract from a limited amount of DNA contained in evidentiary samples that are submitted for forensic DNA analysis. D N A Q U A N T I T Y; D N A Q U A L I T Y; POWERQUANT SYSTEM KEYWORDS DNA 3-8 POWERQUANT™ SYSTEM: A NEW ROBUST HUMAN AND MALE SPECIFIC DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM THAT MONITORS DNA INTEGRITY Jessi Sim Training and Support, Promega Corporation, Perth, Australia Forensic casework samples, are extremely variable in terms of DNA quantity and quality, and therefore, present unique challenges which require DNA analysts to determine the best possible workflow in order to achieve successful STR analysis. Using currently available quantification kits, the analyst relies on quantification values, Auto/Y ratio and IPC Ct shift values to: 1) determine the optimal amount of template in STR assay, 2) choose between running an autosomal and/or Y-STR assay and 3) detect inhibitor content in the sample. However, lack of information about the sample’s DNA quality makes it impossible to distinctly identify samples with low DNA integrity. Consequently, the approach most likely to produce an STR profile from challenging samples may be unclear, leading to repeated sample processing and amplification. To address this need, Promega has developed the PowerQuant™ System, a sensitive, robust quantification kit which incorporates an additional larger autosomal amplicon to monitor the integrity of a DNA in a sample. We will present data demonstrating sensitivity, resistance to inhibitors, ability to detect DNA degradation, species specificity, and male specificity at various ratios of male to female DNA. KEYWORDS QPCR, QUANTIFICATION, DNA INTEGRITY, POWERPLEX®; INHIBITORS, DEGRADED DNA; STR SYSTEMS, AUTOSOMAL/Y RATIO WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ILLICIT DRUGS ID 3-1 / 3-2 SWGDRUG RECOMMENDATIONS - PART III Scott Oulton Drug Enforcement Administration, United States 163 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) The Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) was first formed in 1997 under the previous name of the Technical Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (TWGDRUG). SWGDRUG is comprised of a core committee of more than 20 forensic scientists from around the world, including representatives from international forensic science networks such as ASCLD, SMANZFL, AICEF, ENFSI and AFSN, as well as regional forensic science networks and major scientific organizations in USA. The mission of SWGDRUG is to recommend minimum standards for the forensic examination of seized drugs and to seek their international acceptance. To fulfil this mission, SWGDRUG has published a set of recommendations intended to assist forensic analysts and managers in the development of analytical techniques, protocols and policies. The recommendations are recognized as the minimum standards that may be modified to address unique jurisdictional requirements. SWGDRUG seeks to have these recommendations internationally accepted as the foundation for good laboratory practice. These recommendations encompass Code of Professional Practice, Education and Training, Methods of Analysis and Quality Assurance. AFSN IDWG has partnered SWGDRUG to develop a 5-year program to comprehensively cover the basics of the SWGDRUG recommendations, so as to assist the laboratory to enhance their quality of drug testing services. At last year’s AFSN IDWG workshop, the topics “code of professional practice, education and training, and quality assurance general practices” were covered. This year, Part III of the program will cover a review of the first two parts and specifically focus on sampling drugs for qualitative analysis. The principal purpose of sampling in this context is to answer relevant questions about a population by examination of a portion of the population (e.g., What is the net weight of the population? What portion of the units of a population can be said to contain a given drug at a given level of confidence?). By developing a sampling strategy and implementing appropriate sampling schemes, a laboratory will minimize the total number of required analytical determinations, while assuring that all relevant legal and scientific requirements are met. A summary of the topics to be discussed is provided below: Review of Part I – Methods of Analysis/Drug Identification Review of Part II – A code of Professional Practice for Drugs Analysts Review of Part II – Education and Training Review of Part II – Quality Assurance / General Practices Part III – Methods of Analysis/Sampling Seized Drugs for Qualitative Analysis It is envisioned that if laboratories are able to follow through this 5-year program and implement the recommendations progressively in their laboratories as the program advances, the laboratory would be able to achieve the minimum standards as recommended by SWGDRUG. WFF2014 TOXICOLOGY TX 3-1 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) TRENDS OF DRUG-FACILITATED CRIMES IN EUROPE, WITH CASE STUDIES Alain Verstraete1, 2 1 Department of laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; 2Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium According to the 2001 British crime survey, 5% of rape victims had been drugged in some way, while a further 15% reported being incapable of giving consent because they were under the influence of alcohol. The UK advisory council on the misuse of drugs defined drug facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) in 2007: DFSA includes all forms of non-consensual penetrative sexual activity whether it involves the forcible or covert administration of an incapacitating or desinhibiting substance by an assailant, for the purpose of serious sexual assault, as well as sexual activity by an assailant with a victim who is profoundly intoxicated by his or her own actions to the point of near or actual unconsciousness. In many English-speaking countries DFSA is considered legally as an aggravating circumstance, or a separate crime, but the situation with regard to covert administration of alcohol is less clear. In Germany, Italy and the UK DFSA is an aggravating circumstance, why will it is not in Spain and France. The number of reports of ‘date rape’ by the mass media and ‘DFSA’ in the scientific literature has increased. Reports about ‘date rape’ and ‘drink spiking’ have paid disproportionate attention to scenarios in which controlled drugs such as GHB and Rohypnol® (flunitrazepam) have been used covertly to incapacitate a potential victim. Toxicological information from different studies would suggest that only a very small proportion of the total number of sexual assault that are reported involve the covert use of GHB or flunitrazepam. A review published in 2010 showed that GHB was detected in only 0.2-4.4% of reported sexual assaults. Forensic studies indicate that alcohol (identified in nearly half of the cases of alleged DFSA in France and the UK) and a range of benzodiazepines are more commonly implicated in cases of the DFSA. Other substances are zolpidem, zopiclone, ketamine, muscle relaxants and antihistamines. Rising levels of recreational drugs and expanding drug markets appear to offer new ways to incapacitate victims that may be faster and cheaper than alcohol. Central nervous system stimulants are also frequently used in nightlife settings, they are disinhibiting and in secondary exhaustion phases drowsiness is exacerbated by alcohol. Studies report that cases of DFSA take place most commonly at the assailant’s address, at the victim’s own home address, or in clubs and pubs where first contact is made. Many efforts are needed in order to better document and sanction DFSA: altering products that might be used for sexual assault (like the addition of a blue dye to Rohypnol®), taking of appropriate blood and urine samples in a timely manner from potential victims and the use of very sensitive multi-analyte toxicological methods. One difficulty in drug identification is that the doses administered are often low, hence toxicology laboratories need sophisticated equipment and expertise to detect the drugs to ensure that the perpetrator is prosecuted or alternatively, to rule out DFSA. The French society for analytical toxicology has published guidelines for the toxicological analysis of DFSA cases in 2003. If the toxicological analysis of blood and urine is negative in a case of suspected DFSA, the analysis of a hair sample taken about four weeks after the assault can detect the presence of drugs consumed at that time. The presentation will be illustrated by cases from Europe that have been reported in the literature. 164 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TRACE EVIDENCE TE 3-1 WORKSHOP 2 - A-Z OF FORENSIC STATISTICS Jame M. Curran Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 165 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) In this workshop I will talk about the statistical interpretation of forensic evidence, and the issues that we need to deal with as forensic scientists to do this. I will primarily base my presentation on the interpretation of forensic glass evidence as it serves as a good model for other trace evidence types. Time permitting, I may also talk briefly about the interpretation of DNA, but this is a very large topic and so will not be covered in any great depth. The workshop will have an an emphasis on being practical rather than theoretical, but there will not be any practical component, as there is insufficient time. I am happy, however, to take questions at any time whilst I am talking. WFF2014 QUALITY ASSURANCE & STANDARDS COMMITTEE QASC 3-1 FIVE THINGS TO CONSIDER IN FORENSIC LABORATORY DESIGN Anja Einseln AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) ASCLD-LAB, USA Being provided with the amazing opportunity to design and develop a new laboratory space is both exciting and daunting. This presentation will provide attendees with some ideas to consider and ponder during the design process. As we are all aware, time invested in pre-planning is worth ten times the cost of having to rework and redesign. Topics to consider during the planning process include visitor tours, stakeholders, being too glamorous, letting the architect go crazy with their design and vision, flash in the pan technology, safeguarding room to expand and new forensic technology. 166 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 QASC 3-2 THE STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES QUALITY CONTROL AND ACCREDITATION IN CHINA This article introduced the status of quality control and accreditation of forensic science laboratories in China. In the hand of quality control, CNAS associate with judiciary organizations has PT plans every year and issued the rules for Proficiency Testing frequency. In the hand of laboratories accreditation, Accreditation has been the one of requests for forensic science laboratories in China. From 2003 to now, 272 forensic science laboratories have attained the Laboratory Accreditation Certificate by CNAS. Meanwhile, scientists are studying on the standards of quality control, especially for forensic testing and examination process quality control. Their aim is to found a new forensic science laboratory accreditation system in China. KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE ; QUALITY CONTROL; ACCREDITATION QASC 3-3 THE STATE OF PROFICIENCY TESTS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCE COMMUNITY - AN INTERNATIONAL SURVEY EFFORT Melissa Taylor1, Ralph Kleuskens2 1 Forensic Science Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md, United States; 2NFI, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Whether responding to new requirements from accreditation bodies, ensuring that your laboratory quality system meets the requirements of ISO 17025, or your lab is looking for a way to accurately evaluate the analytical performances, the use of Proficiency Testing (PT) is critical for forensic laboratories to ensure the ongoing accuracy and reliability of their tests. PT's are developed, offered and used worldwide, however, aggregate information about the availability of tests across forensic disciplines is lacking. In addition, there is limited information sharing among forensic service providers about their experiences using commercially-available PTs or lessons learned from implementing alternative assessments strategies when formal PTs were unavailable. A resource KEYWORDS PROFICIENCY TESTS; QUALITY SYSYTEMS; SURVEY QASC 3-4 ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCE OF RECORDING WAY ON VOICE IDENTIFICATION Zhang Hongbing Department of Criminal Scientific Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China At present, the voice identification technology has been gradually mature, the inspectors have begun to pay more attention to the acquisition method of speech. The hardware conditions and acquisition environment limit the acquisition quality of speech, it is difficult to guarantee that the collection methods of samples are same as the collection methods of sample in the case of voice identification process. Due to the difference of voice headstream in the course of recording the detection specimen and the sample(the sample is live picked up, the detection specimen is recorded from hands-free telephone), distortion could happen to the voice. Voice can be influenced by several factors, and that could damage the objectivity things and lead to a wrong conclusion. The thesis focuses on the tape from hands-free telephone, analyzing on the influence in the acoustics way, analyzing parameter and paralleling a collection of illustrative plates in term of the technique of identifying voice. A series of studies on the effects of Recording Way are meaningful, which will have a far-reaching effect on speech evidence collection work. Practical conclusion drew from this job finally, that will be helpful for phonetic identification. KEYWORDS VOICE; WAY OF RECORDING; HANDS- FREE 167 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) Feng Hua Department of Standard and Criterion, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China that provides information on available PTs which includes discussion of thier scope, scoring criteria, and how the results are reported is critically needed by the forensic science community.This presentation will discuss the important role PTs play in quality assurance programs and address the current status of PTs in the forensic domain. This presentation will provide information on a joint effort of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Netherlands Forensic Institute to conduct a survey of existing forensic science –related proficiency tests. This presentation will also provide useful performance criteria for evaluating existing tests and suggest alternate assessment strategies to use when formal PT tests are not available. WFF2014 QASC 3-5 Assurance, Forensic science THE CURRENT STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORY ACCREDITATION IN KOREA AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 14 (Tue) Seung Beom Hong, Joon Ho Lee, Kyoung Don Kwak, Yoon Jung Huh, Sang Kyu Hwang National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) The establishment of quality control system is very important for forensic laboratories to prove the truth of their analytical results objectively. For this to be achieved, a good level of cooperation should be established and maintained. International standard such as ISO/IEC 17025 which includes the accreditation system and official accrediting body for the testing laboratories has been a good tool that helps the forensic institutes to achieve the effective quality assurance goals. The first international accreditation for the forensic scientific test in Korea was introduced in 2004. The forensic accreditation system in Korea is based on ISO/IEC 17025, and the national accrediting body in Korea is the Korea Laboratory Accreditation System (KOLAS) which is the member of APLAC (Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation) and ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation). National Forensic Service (NFS) acquired first forensic accreditation as testing laboratory in the DNA profiling and Methamphetamine analysis in 2004. Now the forensic accreditation has been expanded to 13 institutes including 5 governmental laboratories. The accredited fields have been increased to 9 fields of all 15 ILAC forensic fields; Controlled substance, Toxicology, DNA profiling, Trace evidence, Firearms and ballistics, Handwriting and document examination, Fingerprints, Marks and impressions, Audio/ Video and computer analysis. In addition, NFS acquired two more accreditation in 2011; a provider of proficiency testing (PT) programs, based on the ISO/IEC 17043 for DNA profiling and hair analysis, and a Reference Materials producer, especially manufacturing certified reference materials (CRM) for methamphetamine in hair. Now, the forensic accreditation system in Korea is consisted with the Accrediting Body (KOLAS), 13 Testing Laboratories, a provider of PT programs, and a Reference materials producer. The number of specific forensic assessors exceeds over 35 scientists and is anticipated to increase continuously. The expansion of the harmonization and accreditation in forensic science will be helpful for optimizing and strengthening the role of forensic laboratories in Korea. KEYWORDS 168 Accreditation; Proficiency Testing; Quality WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 AFSN WORKGROUP CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION in lime.dump file than use SQLite analysis tools, we also can find out some app’s password which UFED tool cannot do. This paper presents a new method for recovering deleted Phone Number/SMS and extracting app’s password. CSI P-1 KEYWORDS M O B I L E F O R E N S I C S ; M E M O R Y FORENSICS; ANDROID Jintao Kang, Jingyang Li, Li Wang, Xiaodi Wang, Jie Cui Intelligence Information and Technology Division, Institution of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China CSI P-3 This paper compares and analyzes the articulation rate, the number of pauses, the duration of pauses, the duration of speech (including the duration of speech without pauses), the ratio of utterance and pause duration, the number of jitters/ speech errors, mean fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of some words of different speech samples based on the same text in reading and conversational conditions by conducting experiments involving 10 subjects and 2 conditions. The conclusion shows that there is no significant difference in the number of pauses and jitters/speech errors while there are various degrees of differences in the articulation rate, the duration of pauses, mean fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of some words in 2 conditions. KEYWORDS CONDITIONS; ARTICULATION RATE; FORMANT FREQUENCIES CSI P-2 ACQUISITION BASED ON LIME TOOLS AND ANALYSIS OF LIVE MEMORY FROM ANDROID PHONES Yanrong Kang1, Jian Ruan2 1 Digital Forensics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c., Beijing, China; 2Fada Institute of Forensic Medicine & Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China The mobile forensics research and analysis achievement mainly focus on the SIM/SD card and the static memory, the live memory research and analysis achievement is much less. In this paper, we use LIME command sets acquired the live memory as a lime.dump file, then analyse the file by string matching, finally find out Phonebook/ SMS data (included deleted data) and password of QQ/WeChat. This work proves that we can find out more deleted Phone Number and SMS IMPROVING THE FINGERPRINTS DATABASE OF INDONESIAN POPULATION FROM E-ID CARD THROUGH MAMBIS (MOBILE AUTOMATED MULTI BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM) PORTAL Hendrian Muntanzar Indonesia Automated Fingerprint Identification System, Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia The goal of improving fingerprints database of Indonesian population from e-ID card through mAMBIS (Mobile Automated Multi Biometric Identification System) portal is to uncover the identity of offenders/perpetrators and victims at the crime scene online. The Center of Indonesia AFIS functions include technical examination at crime scenes and examination of evidence and human body especially fingerprints in order to obtain a scientific proof of the investigation process carried out by the law enforcement, both at central and region levels. The problem we are facing is the lack of fingerprint data of Indonesian population on the server at the Center of Indonesia AFIS to compare with, thus it requires a solution by having an MOU between the Indonesia National Police of which lead referral is the Center of Indonesia AFIS on Criminal Investigative Division with the Ministry of Home Affairs regarding the integration of fingerprint data of e-ID cards stored on their servers to be accessible and stored on server of the Center of Indonesia AFIS for technical assistance of investigation such as criminal record to support law enforcement. The implementation of data integration of e-ID card requires a portal called mAMBIS (Mobile Automated Multi Biometric Identification System). After IRIS and latent fingerprints are taken by mAMBIS at crime scenes, the result will be forwarded to the portal online by using internet access network in order to search the fingerprint data at the server of e-ID card and server of Center of Indonesia AFIS. If the identity of the finger print’s owner is found, it will be automatically displayed on mAMBIS screen. By using this tool, the known data of fingerprint of Indonesian population increases so it is very useful to identify 169 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) CHARACTERISTICS OF SPEECH SAMPLES IN TWO DIFFERENT CONDITIONS WFF2014 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) the the identity of fingerprint owners whose fingertprints are found at crime scenes. As a result, the Center of Indonesia AFIS has managed to uncover the identity of the perpetrators of terrorism, perpetrators of homicide, including the identities of the victims rapidly on the spot, without having to wait the result of the examination from the office. KEYWORDS ANALYSIS OF UNCERTAINTY IN CRIME SCENE MEASUREMENTS BY A 3D LASER SYSTEM Louis Koh, Wee Chuan Yeo, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore 3D laser scanning has greatly increased the information that can be captured at a crime scene and is widely seen as complementary with traditional documentation methods. The adaptation of such instrumentation typically used by surveyors, engineers, and even archaeologists in acquiring and preserving 3D realistic data is now an important tool in forensic investigations.1 Crime scenes can now be “frozen” permanently through millions of length and distance data points that are recorded – all within the span of a few minutes. Nonetheless, as with all dimensional measurements, the investigator is often faced with the question of accuracy and reliability. It is known that several factors (surface reflectivity, range, scan angle and edge effects, interfering radiation, temperature, and even humidity) can influence the accuracy of the point cloud data obtained from by a laser scan.2 However, most of the existing published work employed ideal targets such as spheres and flat surfaces, which differ greatly from objects typically found in the crime scene. In this project, we investigate the accuracy and uncertainty of crime scene measurements using a commercially available phase-based laser system. We also explore the latest trend in targetless cloud-to-cloud registration. References (1) Buck, U.; Naether, S.; Räss, B.; Jackowski, C.; Thali, M. J. Forensic Science International 2013, 225, 75. (2) Boehler, W.; Bordas Vicent, M.; Marbs, A. The International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2003, 34, 696. SCENE 170 VIDEO INVESTIGATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH Liu Hao Network Information Center, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China MAMBIS; FINGERPRINT DATA; E-ID CARD CSI P-4 KEYWORDS CSI P-5 LASER SCANNING; UNCERTAINTY; CRIME Along with more and more application of the idea for strengthening the police with science and technology, and construction of public security information, the video investigation technology has gradually became the fourth forensic investigation method for the public security organization to solve the case following criminal technology, moving technology and network investigation technology. The video investigation is the result of the combination of modern information technology and investigation practice, which has been widely applied to the practice of the modern forensic investigation. It has amply absorbed the excellent achievements of modern information technology, its unique technical features, which can greatly improve the detection ability and detection efficiency of the investigation organization, and that can effectively realize social prevention and control, combat crime and maintain social stability. In this paper, the author detailedly discusses and analyses the video investigation from five aspects, the summary of the video investigation, the technical features of the video investigation, the theoretical basis of the video investigation, the information collection, current situation analysis and application of the video investigation in our country, the existent problem and development of the video investigation, and the importance of the video investigation technology as a new forensic investigation method is fully affirmed. KEYWORDS VIDEO INVESTIGATION; INFORMATION ANALYSIS; DETECTION EFFICIENCY CSI P-6 THE DETECTION OF LATENT FINGERMARKS BY SURFACE-MODIFIED UP-CONVERTING NANOPHOSPHORS Jun Wang Forensic Science, Jiang Su Police Institute, Nanjing, China Up-converting nanophosphors (UCPs) have the unique property of up-converting, which could emit highenergy visible light when excited by low-energy infrared WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS LATENT FINGERMARKS; UP-CONVERTING NANOPHOSPHORS; SURFACE-MODIFIED CSI P-7 THE STATURE ESTIMATE FROM FOOTPRINTS OF PHU TAI TRIBES IN NORTHEAST THAILAND Natphasin Wongpipat1, Rachadaporn Benchawattananon1, Amporn Chamsuwan1 1 Forensic Science, Khonkaen University, Khonkaen, Thailand; 2 Forensic Medicine, Khonkaen University, Khonkaen, Thailand Footprints is a very importance evidence. It is also a key witness in the trial court landing a person who is the owner. This research aims to determine the average length of a footprints and the relationship between footprints length and height to create a regression equation for estimating height. The studies have measured footprint length in a volunteer group (total 120 people, 60 male and 60 female) in age from 25 to 55 years of Phu Tai tribes in the northeast of Thailand, (using standard ink samples for foot imprint. In female, the average height was 153.37 cm. and average length of a footprints on both sides was 21.57 cm. and in males, the average height was 166.33 cm ans average of length footprints on both sides was 23.79 cm. The length of a footprints also positively correlated with the height of the volunteer group. The researchers have also regression equation to predict the height for females is Y = 1.944 * X 111.440 and regression equation to predict the height for males is Y = 2.200 * X 113.993 (Y is the height and X is the footprints length). Results of this study can be used as preliminary data to detect footprints found at the crime scene and can also be used to estimate height. The evidence at the crime scene involving individuals can be used to prove the person in a case involving forensic science. F O O T P R I N T S ; S TAT U R E E S T I M AT E (ESTIMATE HEIGHT); FORENSIC SCIENCE KEYWORDS AFSN WORKGROUP DNA DNA P-1 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF 18 STR LOCI WITHIN UYGHUR POPULATION LIVING IN HOTAN PREFECTURE, XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA Yao Yiren, Bai Xue, Zhao Xingchun, Wang Le, Ye Jian, Chi Wei Center for Applied Forensic Sciences and Technologies, Institute of Forensic Science, ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Allele frequencies of 18 STRs included in the DNATyperTM15 Plus Amplification Kit (D5S818, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D2S1338, D3S1358, vWA, D8S1179, D16S539, Penta E, TPOX, TH01, D19S433, D18S51, FGA, D6S1043, D13S317, D12S391) were calculated from the referent sample of 300 unrelated individuals of both sexes from Uyghur population living in Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Blood sample, as a source of DNA, was collected from the ex-convicts and volunteers from whom the informed consent form was obtained. Samples are typied by direct amplification. DNA template ranging from 0.5 to 2 ng was used to amplify 18 STR loci by PCR multiplex amplification which was performed by using the DNATyperTM15 Plus Amplification Kit(Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of public security, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol. The amplifications were carried out in a PE Gene Amp PCR System thermal cycler (Life Technology) and capillary electrophoresis was carried out in an ABI 3730 Genetic Analyzer (Life Technology) in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The frequency of each locus was calculated from the numbers of each observed genotype. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and observed heterozygosity were calculated. Data were analyzed by using Microsoft Excel workbook template-Powerstats V12 and the power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE), as well as other population genetic indices for the 18 STR loci were calculated. In those 300 Uyghur population, 18 STR loci were found 206 alleles, for loci PentaE, it had the most allele (19), for TH01, the least allele, 171 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) light(980nm). One kinds of up-converting nanophosphors (NaYF4, Yb, Er) was first react with 3- Aminopropyltriethoxy silane at 50-60 ºC, PH 3.0 for 13 h, the product was further reacted with succinic anhydride at 10-30 ºC for 12 hours. At last, hydrazine hydrate was added and reacted at 10-30 ºC for 12 hours in water. A modified ion style nanoparticle (UCPsCOO-·NH2NH3+) was gotten and used for the development of latent fingermarks. Several fingermarks on the CD, colorful package surface, bank card were visualized.The results showed that modified particles had more advantages than traditional or unmodified particles for the detection of latent fingermarks, especially when the object has its background fluorescence. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 only6. 18 STR loci had allele frequencies in the range of 0.002 to 0.343, CSF1PO had the highest frequency of allele 12(0.343). 18 STR loci heterozygosity (H value)ranged from 0.68 to 0.91, individual ability( DP values ) were between 0.812 to 0.986, polymorphic information content (PIC) value were in the range of 0.59 to0.92; 18 loci coupling probability was 3.08E-23, cumulative individual identification ability is greater than 99.999999999999999999996919891582%, the cumulative probability of paternity exclusion is greater than 0.999999980852273. Our data is useful for anthropological and further comparative genetic studies of populations. and extra blood collection card was 0.5mm, and it shall be 1.0mm of the bloody filter paper or classic blood collection card. The validation data support that reliable DNA typing results from reference DNA samples can be obtained using the DNA TyperTM15 plus kit .It can be used in establishing the DNA database and paternity testing cases. KEYWORDS D I R E C T A M P L I F I C AT I O N K I T; D N A DATABASE; DNA TYPERTM15 PLUS KIT DNA P-3 STR LOCI; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; XINJIANG UYGHUR POPULATION KEYWORDS COMBINED USING 96 WELL CENTRIFUGAL FILTRATION PLATE WITH TECAN FREEDOM EVO150-8 AUTOMATION WORKSTATION CAN IMPROVE EFFICIENCY OF TOUCH DNA DETECTION DNA P-2 THE APPLICATION OF DNA TYPERTM 15 PLUS DIRECT KIT IN DNA DATABASE Bai Xue, Zhao Xingchun, Wang Le, Yao Yiren, Sun Jing, Ma Wenhua, Zhang Jian, Mo Xiaoting, Ye Jian, Jia Zheng Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c., Beijing, China The DNA TyperTM15 plus Direct PCR Amplification Kit uses 5-dye fluorescent chemistry to enable multiplexing of 18 autosomal STRs(D5S818, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D2S1338, D3S1358, vWA, D8S1179, D16S539, PentaE, TPOX, TH01, D19S433, D18S51, FGA, D6S1043, D13S317, D12S391) and the sex-determining marker Amelogenin. The kit is specifically designed for processing reference DNA samples in a high throughput manner, like establishing the DNA database. Validation studies were conducted to assess the performance and define the limitations of this direct amplification kit for typing blood, skeleton, buccal reference DNA samples from humans, pigs, dogs and rabbits on various punchable collection media. Studies compared between DNATyperTM15plus and IdentifilerTM, included different amplification systems and amounts of primer, the annealing temperature and amplification cycles, amouts of templates, different proportion of mixture templates. Aiming to verify the sensitivity of detection, species specificity, reproducibility and precision. Results showed that the kit has accuracy of type, decent repeatability and the sensibility achieves 0.125ng. The test results were stable among different groups. The kit adapts to different reference DNA samples. While in 10μL amplification system, the optimal diameter of FTA card 172 Qingzhen Meng1, Ruhua Zhou2 , Min Li2 1 Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2DNA Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Public Security Bureau of Suzhou, Suzhou, China DNA technology is playing a more and more important role in criminal cases. We usually use TECAN Freedom EVO1508 automation workstation to extract DNA and constantly improve the method to meet the needs of growing numbers of forensic casework samples being handled. In our study, we report design of a 96 well centrifugal filtration plate and its use in an automated DNA extraction method of touched objects. Cells on the touched objects such as cigarette butts, glove prints, swabs from door handles, bottles etc are lyzed in the 96 well filtration plate. The cell lysate is separated from the objects by centrifugation. Then automated DNA extraction and purification are carried out automatically on a robotic workstation. Such a method not only improves DNA detection rate from touched objects but also shortens sample processing time. Processing of 92 samples can be completed in 90 minute. We convinced the result using quantitative analysis. KEYWORDS 96 WELL CENTRIFUGAL FILTRATION PLATE; AUTOMATIC DETECTION; TOUCH DNA DNA P-4 IDENTIFICATION OF CANNABIS AND ITS ADULTERANTS USING PSBA-TRNH BARCODING Song Bingke2 , Yang Yueying1, Pei Li1 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Forensic Evidence Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China; 2 Criminal Technology, Chinese People’s Public Security University, Beijing, China 1 KEYWORDS FORENSIC GENETICS; CANNABIS; DNA BARCODING DNA P-5 A LARGE Y-STR HAPLOTYPE REFERENCE DATABASE FOR FORENSIC APPLICATION IN KOREA Nam Soo Cho, Jin Myung Lee, Na Yeon Kim, Saimi Jung, Youn Hyung Nam, Jong-Jin Kim, Myun Soo Han Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju 220-170, Korea (South) Previously reported Y chromosome STR haplotypes for four Korean population groups, plus additionally analyzed samples, have been validated for the Korean reference database. The validated Y- STR haplotype database, including 4148 subjects, was obtained from Korean male individuals living in all the major province of South Korea. The 17 Y-STR loci of DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, YGATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448 were co-amplified using the AmpFlSTR®YfilerTM kit. Allele frequencies and haplotypes of Y-chromosomal STR loci conducted by 4 Korean laboratories were analyzed by allele sharing methods and : Y-CHROMOSOMAL STRS; HAPLOTYPES; REFERENCE DATABASE KEYWORDS DNA P-6 INTERNAL VALIDATION OF THE KPLEX Y17 (MULTIPLEX Y STR SYSTEM) FOR FORENSIC CASEWORK Hye Yeon Kim1, Shin Hye Oh1, Yu Na Oh2 , Sera Kim3 , Kyoung-Jin Shin2 , Young Geun Yang3 , Soong Deok Lee4 , Su Jung Park1 1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 BioQuest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) Y- S T R i s a s h o r t t a n d e m r e p e a t s ( S T R ) o n t h e Y-chromosome. Y-STRs are often used in forensics, such as paternity, genealogical test and especially sexual assaults case. The Kplex Y17 system enables simultaneously amplification of 17 Y-STR loci including the SWGDAM recommended Y-STR loci. The constructions of all amplicon size were below 330 bp, the large-size loci in commercial kit were reduced especially. Additionally, allelic range was expanded to cover most of the off ladder alleles reported in Koreans and commercial kit, and the interval between loci was adjusted to be at least 10 bp even in case rare allele exists. For internal validation testing, the Kplex Y17 was tested its sensitivity, reproducibility, concordance and mixture studies. This system shows that 100 pg of male DNA is generate a complete 17 locus profile with 30 thermal cycles condition and the specificity of the amplification reaction enabled analysis of male DNA in a male:female DNA mixture at a ratio of 1:1000 without any interference or reduction of signal. The process has a success all samples and no discordances occurred when applied to a validation set of forensic case samples. Our studies demonstrate that the Kplex Y17 is robust, sensitive and powerful system successfully types male DNA in the presence of overwhelming amounts of female DNA and is successful in tying actual forensic cases. 173 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) ABSTRACT:Objective The psbA-trnH sequence of cpDNA was utilized as a novel technique to discriminate drug original plants of cannabis and its adulterants.Methods The psbAtrnH regions were amplified and sequenced bi-directionally. Then the obtained sequences were assembled using the CodonCode Aligner. The psbA-trnH genetic distances of the regions were computed in accordance with the kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model and Neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic trees were constructed using MEGA5.1.Results The psbA-trnH sequences analysis showed that inter-and intra-specific K2P distances had a large difference.The NJ trees showed that the cannabis could be easily distinguished from its adulterants.Conclusion The psbA-trnH fragment could be used as a candidate barcode for identifying cannabis from its adulterants, which provide a new metdod to accurately identify cannabis.and DNA barcoding has a wide prospect in plant identification involved in criminal cases. correspondingauthor:peili by standard population genetics tests. The Korean reference database including extended SWGDAM haplotypes is a useful method to obtain the Y-STR haplotype frequency estimates in forensic practice, based upon the similarity and frequency relationships. WFF2014 KEYWORDS Y-CHROMOSOME; Y-STR; FORENSIC CASE DNA P-7 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) SEPARATING SPERM CELL IN SEXUAL ASSAULT SPECIMENS USING OPTIMIZED METHOD FOR RAPIDITY AND HIGH CAPACITY Man-Il Kim1, Eun-Jung Lee1, Gang-Nam Jin1, Jung-Yoon Lee1, Dong-Sub Lee2 1 Crime-Scene DNA Section, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Crime-Scene DNA Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) In sexual assault specimens, separating a intact sperm cell is a key to solve the sex crime. The methods to separate sperm and epithelial cells from sexual assault specimens have been researched diversely. The steps of handling sexual assault specimens need skilled techniques and at the same time require a considerable amount of time and effort in laboratory works. In this study, the Automated DifferexTM method to separate rapidly sperm and epithelial cells compared with the preferential lysis method which is frequently used to the present has been verified applicability from the se xual assault specimens(virginal swabs, underpants, and sanitary pad) in rape victims. For the samples of sexual assault, Automated DifferexTM method was able to separate a clean sperm cell, but not much different from preferential lysis method, and no distinct differences were found on extraction efficiency by DNA concentration assessed using Quantifiler® Human DNA Quantification kit between the two method. Automated DifferexTM had many advantages, most notably rapidity to extract male DNA in a few hours and processing capacity to deal with 48 samples using a 96-well plate unit at the same time. KEYWORDS SEXUAL ASSAULT SPECIMEN; AUTOMATED DIFFEREXTM METHOD; SEPARATING SPERM DNA P-8 POPULATION GENETICS AND MUTATIONAL EVENTS OF 23 Y-CHROMOSOMAL STR LOCI IN SOUTH KOREANS Jung Hee Hwang1, Songyi Han1, Nam-Soo Kim1, Jeong Ah Kwon2 , Nam Soo Cho2 , Ji Hwan Park1, Kyoung Sook Kim1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA 174 Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Haplotypes and allele frequencies of 23 Y-chromosomal STR loci included in the PowerPlex® Y23 system and the AmpFlSTR® YfilerTM kit were obtained from a sample of 301 unrelated individuals living in South Korea. The PowerPlex® Y23 system configuration contains 17 loci of the AmpFlSTR® YfilerTM kit and 6 new recommended loci (DYS576, DYS481, DYS549, DYS533, DYS570, and DYS643). A total of 300 haplotypes were observed in the 301 individuals studied, of which 299 were unique. The overall haplotype diversity for the 23 Y-STR loci was 0.99998, and the discrimination capacity was 0.99668. We found 10 atypical alleles, including null, duplicated, triplicated and microvariant alleles. Especially, DYS570 19.1 allele and 19.3 (5 individuals, 1.7%) is frequently observed in our study. Microvariant have been characterized by sequencing, 19.1 and 19.3 allele at DYS570 showing change in the repeat structure, 11.1 and 12.1 allele at DYS439 showing the flanking site mutation. The concordance study made for this population data revealed no discordant allele between the kits. The results indicate that these 23 loci are useful genetic markers for forensic personal identification and paternity testing in the Korean population. 3 Y-STR HAPLOTYPES; POWERPLEX® Y23 SYSTEM; ATYPICAL ALLELE KEYWORDS DNA P-9 RAPID APPROXIMATE SEARCH OF NONHOMOGENEOUS DNA PROFILES USING KINMATCH Hyungyong Kim1, Sehwan Kim1, Byeongchul Kang1, Heejung Ahn2 , Myunsoo Han3 1 Data Science Center, Insilicogen, Inc., Suwon, Korea (South); 2 Division of DNA Analysis, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Division of Forensic DNA, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) As non-homogeneous DNA profile data increase, the needs for effective data management and integrated search technology is getting increase. The loci of each DNA profile are different from each other and some of it can have only A-STR but others can have it with Y-STR and mtDNA together. To confirm identity, paternity, and kinship, these non-homogeneous DNA profiles have to be checked and searched by integrated fashion. Moreover, approximate search method should be adjusted for minimizing the mis-calling errors by missing values or mutation. Also WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 the commercial kit. There was no difference in allele calls except for cases caused by primer binding site mutations, abnormal alleles such as triple and microvariants were also shown in two Kits. In sensitivity test, all 15 STR profile could be obtained with 100 pg of template DNA. And when 50 ng/ μL of humic acid was added as an inhibitor, full profiles were also obtained without allele drop-out. In case of Kplex-15 direct PCR, final success rate was approximately 93.2% after simple post-PCR purification. As further studies, forensic case work samples will be analyzed by Kplex-15 multiplex PCR system. To sum up, Kplex-15 System could be useful as an alternative STR amplification kit in Korea and it is expected to save costs, especially when dealing with lots of samples. KEYWORDS KPLEX-15; EVALUATION STUDIES; ASIAN POPULATIONS DNA P-11 KEYWORDS DATABASE; APPROXIMATE; SEARCH MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR DISCRIMINATING SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF NARCOTIC POPPY, PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM DNA P-10 EVALUATION OF A SELF-DEVELOPED AUTOSOMAL STR MULTIPLEX PCR SYSTEM TO COMPILE A KOREAN CRIMINAL DATABASE Jeong Eun Sim1, Eun Young Lee2 , Sera Kim3 , Young Se Hyun4 , Kyoung-Jin Shin2 , Young Geun Yang3 , Soong Deok Lee5 , Su Jeong Park1 1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 BioQuest, Inc, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South); 5 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) To use a house-made multiplex PCR system extensively, it is necessary to test and evaluate in various ways. In previous study, we developed multiplex PCR systems (called Kplex-15) comprised of 13 CODIS STR loci, D6S1043 and Amelogenin to replace/complement those widely-used foreign commercial kits. In this study, we carried out evaluation studies to apply developed multiplex PCR system for practical analysis work (i.e. to compile a DNA DB or analyze forensic case work samples). For concordance test, the DNA samples from Asian populations were analyzed by Kplex-15 system and Bo Young Seo1, Dong-Ha Ahn2 , Eun-A Jo2 , Hye Hyun Oh1, Seung Hwan Lee1, Won Kim3 , Gi-Sik Min2 1 DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (South); 3School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) Although more than a hundred poppy species have been reported worldwide, only a species, Papaver somniferum, is a sole narcotic species in the genus Papaver. Including narcotic Papaver somniferum, about 10 poppy species are found in the Korean peninsula. The presence of several subspecies or varieties in the Papaver somniferum hinders correct identification because of morphological variation and complexity. Some of them are hardly distinguished with other non-narcotic species. Therefore, correct diagnosis between narcotic species and/or subspecies from other non-narcotics is very crucial in the scientific forensic investigation. We applied most popular 14 plant universal markers to the 38 strains of 19 poppy species whether these primer sets can distinguish the narcotic poppy from other non-narcotic poppy. Except one (ropC1), all other 13 universal primer sets showed moderate resolution. To develop more accurate and reliable genetic markers, we determined the complete chloroplast genome sequences of three poppy species, P. somniferum, P. orientale, and P. 175 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) for the kinship search, all possible relative index have to be calculated, and usually it takes long time. KinMatch, an integrated DNA forensics platform, manages nonhomogeneous DNA profile data including A-STRs, Y-STRs, mtDNAs, and SNPs, using efficient data structure based on noSQL technology. It supports rapid approximate search and was devised to prevent the omission of candidates by mutation and data error. Three search methods are available, i.e. identity, paternity, or kinship. On kinship search, it handle 10, 000 samples within 10 seconds. In addition, the partial search option can be applied for comparing different loci or non-existing types, thus be useful for searching nonhomogeneous DNA profiles. Pre-built database for allele frequency realtime calculation function makes it possible for accurate calculation of probability rapidly. KinMatch was developed as command line interface and APIs, can be extended into other information system. Besides, many utilities supports forensics tasks effectively about reporting, allele frequency management, trio test, and etc. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 rhoeas, using Hi-seq illunina, a next generation sequencing method (NGS). We found several novel deletion regions only from P. somniferum. Based on these deletion sequences, we developed three genetic markers and tested using 9 strains of six narcotic species or varieties and 22 strains from 22 species of non-narcotic poppies. Our newly designed markers can distinguish P. somniferum clearly from the other nonnarcotic poppy species by PCR fragment length differences. Several varieties (or subspecies) of P. somniferum can be distinguished as well by the new genetic markers. KEYWORDS PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM; NARCOTIC; GENETIC MARKER physical trait prediction in Caucasian populations, little has been done in appraising these markers in an Asian context. 350 DNA samples from the Chinese, Malay and Indian populations in Singapore have been sequenced using the Universal Forensic Panel on the Illumina MiSeq FGx. In addition to standard evaluations of reproducibility, sensitivity and concordance as compared to current CE methods, the ancestry and phenotypic markers on the panel have been evaluated for their ability to discriminate between individuals of the different racial groups and physical characteristics. KEYWORDS NGS; ILLUMINA; SINGAPORE DNA P-13 DNA P-12 EVALUATION OF ILLUMINA'S UNIVERSAL FORENSIC PANEL ON SINGAPORE POPULATION SAMPLES Christopher Syn2 , Ramani Anantharaman1, Shu Jun Lin1, Woan Foon Looi1, Michelle Lai1, Eileen Loo1, Jacquelyn Tay1, Sze Kae Goh1 1 DNA Profiling Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; 2DNA Profiling Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore Next generation sequencing (NGS) is valuable in forensic genomic applications due to its ability to allow sequencing of large numbers of amplicons in a single, targeted assay. NGS assays have been developed to target short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to answer multiple forensic questions in a massively parallel approach. In being able to sequence all core US CODIS and European Standard Set, X and Y STRs, as well as identity informative SNPs, NGS platforms offer a power of discrimination greater than any other currently available capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. SNPs for ancestry and phenotypic traits can also be sequenced to provide predictive investigative leads sought by law enforcement when direct matching to the national convicted offenders DNA database fails to identify a suspect. We describe herein an evaluation of the Universal Forensic Panel by Illumina (provided as part of an early access program) a targeted amplicon panel which combine the above mentioned STR and SNP markers, on a Singapore population set. Whereas much work has already been done in the identification of genetic markers useful in ancestry and 176 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION USING DNA PROFILING: LOA AIRLINES PLANE CRASHES IN PAKSE Watee Asawutmangkul, Pattama Luengwuttiwong, Jittima Lertchaiporn, Nonglak Silkhun, Siriprapa Meebuatong, Teeranai Roumrak, Hathaichanoke Boonyarit Sub-Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Police General Hospital, Royal Thai Police, Bangkok, Thailand The important tool to investigate victim remain from mass disaster is DNA analysis which aim to identify victim. DNA is very useful even when the victim’s remains are fragmented and the DNA is degraded. On October 16th 2013, a Lao airlines plane from Vientiane crashed in Mekong River before landing at the Pakse International Airport. This incident left the victim bodies in pieces and remains mixed together. The remains of victims were severely damaged and cannot be visually identified. The samples of the victims’ bones and fleshes were sent to the Sub-Biochemistry Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Police General Hospital, Royal Thai Police, Thailand for DNA analysis. A total of 66 pieces of bone were sent to our Institute, whereas the reference sample from their relatives were collected from 21 buccal swabs with FTA card. Moreover, DNA profiles were taken as direct reference sample from 4 Australian victims via the Australian Federal Police (AFP). DNA analysis was performed from each piece of bone for identification of victims. DNA profiles were compared between reference samples and victim’s remains. In addition, Mitochondrial DNA or Y-STRs testing is performed for maternal relatives and paternal relatives. Full DNA profiles of STR genotyping were obtained from 61 samples, whereas no STR profiles were obtained from 5 samples. Twenty six pieces of bone out of 61 samples were from 13 individual victims. The DNA profiles of 48 victims WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 were compared with the reference DNA profiles and 19 victims were able to be identified from DNA analysis. MASS DISASTER; VICTIM IDENTIFICATION; DNA PROFILING KEYWORDS KEYWORDS DNA TYPING; STR; POWERPLEX16HS DNA P-16 ADVANTAGE OF USING COMPLEMENTARY KITS FOR THE ELUCIDATION OF AMBIGUOUS DNA PROFILING RESULTS ANALYSIS OF 15 AUTOSOMAL SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN 165 MONGOLIANS Uyanga Ganbold1, Sarantuya Jav2 , Purewdulam Sharavjamts3 , Ganbold Suren4 1 Toxicology Sector, National Institute for Public Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 2Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Health Science University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 3Department of Scientific Analysis, National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 4Department of Scientific Analysis, National Institute of Forensic Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Allele and genotype frequencies for 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci such as D3S1358, THO1, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX and FGA in Mongolian population (N=165) were estimated. The study was performed in laboratory of National Institute of Forensic Science and all dried blood stain and saliva samples were taken from 165 unrelated individuals. Genomic DNA was extracted from 20 whole blood, 60 dried blood stain and 85 saliva samples, and stored in -20ºC. The 15 microsatellite loci were amplified using PowerPlex 16HS kit and 2720 Thermal Cycler (Applied Biosystems). PCR products were performed on the ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer and analyzed by GeneMapperTM ID Software Version 3.1 software. Statistics were analyzed by SPSS-16 program and similarity and genetic distance of alleles were calculated by M.Nei’s method. We detected 15 STR loci in 165 unrelated individuals which were done at the DNA laboratory of the National Institute for forensic Science. In addition Database has been established for STR loci Penta E and Penta D the first time in Mongolians. Both loci are highly polymorphic. The Penta E locus on chromosomes 15, totally 20 allele (5, 7-25) were detected and allele 11 has most frequent (0.1128). In Penta D locus on chromosomes 21, 11 allele (6-16) were detected and allele 9 was most frequently occurred (0.3262). This result is interesting because allele 6 of Penta D locus was found rarely among other populations. But relatively higher frequency of allele 6 (0.0183) was found in Mongolians. Jazelyn Salvador1, Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez1, 2 , Maria Corazon De Ungria1 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Genetics and Molecular Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Multiplex autosomal STR kits that are available to the forensic community have changed markedly in the last two years due to the inclusion of additional STR markers in the European Standard Set (ESS), and the anticipated expansion of the U.S. Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) markers. In June 2013, the University of the Philippines, Natural Sciences Research Institute, DNA Analysis Laboratory (UPNSRI-DAL) adopted the PowerPlex® 21 System (Promega) for routine casework, thus replacing the PowerPlex® 16 System (Promega) which the laboratory has been using since 2005. This new multiplex system includes the 13 CODIS markers, 4 ESS markers, Penta D, Penta E, D6S1043, and the gender determining marker, Amelogenin. This paper reports the detection of ambiguous results such as alleles outside the reported range for some DNA markers, and off-ladder alleles. The identities of these 'novel' alleles were verified using VerifilerTM Direct and AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Direct PCR Amplification Kits (Life Technologies). The use of autosomal STR kits that were developed by targeting different primer binding sites and combining different markers per flourescent dye label, in characterizing ambiguous STR results is a faster and more practical alternative to sequencing. KEYWORDS AUTOSOMAL STRS; VARIANT ALLELES; COMPLEMENTARY STR KITS DNA P-17 MITOCHONDRIAL HAPLOTYPE FREQUENCY DATABASE FOR SRI LANKANS WAS ESTABLISHED. Ruwan Illeperuma Molecular Forensics, Genetech, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka 177 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) DNA P-15 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 In DNA based forensics, the analysis of extra-chromosomal mitochondrial DNA is highly effective in cases where the available DNA is extremely minute or degraded due to exposure to tropical environmental conditions of high temperature and high humidity. Mitochndrial DNA (mtDNA) is more durable and more abundant in copy number, than nuclear DNA and thus effectively analyzed in such samples. Analyzing polymorphisms in human mtDNA hypervariable segment 1 (HSV1) is considered to be a valuable tool to establish the maternal relationships between a questioned sample and a reference sample in DNA based forensic investigations. However in order to report such a genetic relationship in Courts of law, it necessitate statistical calculations that describe the estimated frequency of occurrence of an mtDNA type (haplotype) in the population of interest. These calculations are dependent on haplotype frequency databases established for the respective population. The sequences of mtDNA HVS1 in randomly selected, maternally unrelated 193 Sri Lankan individuals were analyzed. For each individual, the combination of sequence variants observed across HVS1 region between positions L16000 and H16450 was identified as mtDNA haplotypes. Total of 139 different haplotypes were revealed and were found to be associated with 183 variable nucleotides between positions 16046–16407 in HVS1 of the mitochondrial genome. The number of transitions was higher in all the subjects than transversions. At HVS-I altogether 103 variable positions were observed with 72 sites containing transitions, 7 transversion sites and 1 deletion. Three positions had both transitions and transversions (G16129A/C, T16311C/A, A16318T/C). The most common mtDNA haplotype found among the Sri Lankan population is C16223T, which was observed in 5% of all the samples tested. An unbiased estimate of the genetic diversity, calculated according to Nei’s formula was 0.98505 ±0.00001. The probability of two randomly selected individuals having identical mtDNA types (random match probability) was 0.020054 (~2%.). Nucleotide diversity and mean number of pair wise differences were 0.013967± 0.007539 and 5.05618 ±2.465502. The haplotype frequency distributions, gene diversities and polymorphisms of HVS1 showed that Sri Lankans possess a relatively high mtDNA diversity indicating the suitability of using mtDNA markers for discriminating Sri Lankan individuals in DNA based forensic case work. The establishment of the haplotype frequency database permitted mtDNA based human identity testing to be used as a valuable addition to the current autosomal test panel to 178 improve the inclusion and exclusion probabilities in forensic case work in Sri Lanka. KEYWORDS MITOCHNDRIAL DNA; MTDNAHVS; SRI LANKA DNA P-18 SELECTION OF GLOBAL-COMMON 100 SNPS FROM WHOLE EXOME DATA IN KOREAN POPULATION Sung Min Kim, Ji Won Yu, Hyun Dae Hong, Ki Hoon Kim, Ki Wha Chung Deprment of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea (South) Short tandem repeat (STR) markers are usually applied for the forensic purpose, however, use of multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers can increase individual discrimination power, and assist kinship test or ethnic identification. Recently, application of next generation sequencing (NGS) provides an enormous number of SNPs. Whole exome sequencing (WES) data also contains large number of functionally non-significant variants (intronic or silent exonic variants) as well as functionally significant variants. The present study selected 100 global-common SNPs in WES data obtained from Korean population. The SNPs were chosen by the criteria of (1) bi-allelic SNPs (excluding indels), (2) SNP quality with more than 30, (3) nonfunctional SNPs, (3) minor allele frequencies (MAFs) with 0.4-0.6 in both of the Korean population and the 1000 Genome Database, and (4) distance between neighboring markers with 1 Mbp or longer. Genotypes obtained from WES were confirmed by capillary sequencing method. All the SNPs were not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Several population genetic and forensic parameters (e.g., heterozygosity, polymorphism information contents, matching probability, power of discrimination, and power of exclusion) indicated usefulness of these SNPs as the forensic application. Therefore, we expect that these selected SNPs could be developed as the globally useful forensic markers which provide further discrimination power. KEYWORDS SNP; EXOME; NGS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DNA P-19 INCREASED NUMBER OF LOCI : GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE PERFORMANCE OF POWERPLEX FUSION, GLOBALFILER CASEWORK AND INVESTIGATOR ID PLEX 24. QIA CUBE; DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS; INVESTIGATOR KIT KEYWORDS DNA P-21 The increase number of STR loci in a single multiplexing escalated in the past year and it is taxing to evaluate and also in getting the population database up for the new additional loci. However, it is undeniable that these loci will definitely boost the matching probability as well as reduce the uncertainty in paternity/kinship/incest cases. Three (3) different major amplification kits were evaluated on sensitivity and the performance of the kits. A total of 300 samples inclusive of compromised bone extracts; i.e 100 samples were amplified on each amplification kits and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. Overall the results are successfully obtained on all the kits; however each kits has its individual strength and also depends on what the forensic community requires. KEYWORDS GLOBALFILER; POWERPLEX FUSION; INVESTIGATOR 24 DNA P-20 AN EXPERIENCE OF DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS VIA QIA CUBE Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasim@mahasan, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Manual differential analysis proves to be taxing as the stained substrate needs to be twirled as least 2 minutes to assist the DNA diffusion. QIAGEN designed an apparatus, Qia Cube which is able to separate the male and female and later extract the DNA using the QIAmp Investigator Kit. Mock Forensic Samples consists of semen and blood mixtures were prepared at different concentration and stained on jeans and cotton. These samples were later dried at different conditions before extracting via the DNA via Qia Cube. Extracted DNA CASE STUDY OF DNA ANALYSIS FROM MURDER IN BUSANJIN-GU Hee-Yeon Park, Jeong-Ah Kwon, Jong-Keun Jung, Mi-Jung Kim, Sumin Lee, Sang-Cheul Shin, Byung-Won Chun DNA Analysis Section, Forensic Medicine Division, Busan institute, National Forensic Service, 50, Geumo-ro, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (South) Two women were found dead in the house on January 8, 2014. The son of one death woman tried calling his mother several times but he couldn’t get through. He went mother’s home in hurry and he found dead his grandmother and mother by killed with a blunt instrument. Immediately the crime scene was investigated and we analyzed samples of forensic evidences from the crime scene. We received forensic evidences 27 times from police. These included a total of 312 evidences. Among them, 292 forensic evidences were investigated to analyze STR profile and we analyzed mtDNA sequences of 4 evidences. The number of samples associated with blood including blood-stained clothes, shoes, knives and blood spots in crime scene were 182 (73 blood positive samples and 109 blood negative samples). Sixteen salivarelated samples (cup, can, bottle and cigarette butt) were analyzed (11 saliva positive samples and 5 saliva negative samples). Five body fluids such as vaginal and rectal mucus (semen negative), and 12 body samples such as finger nails and collected cotton swabs were investigated. Seventy-two touch DNA samples including caps, bags, doorpulls and shoes were investigated to analyze STR profiles. More than 160 body hairs were received, and 5 hairs were analyzed (the rest didn’t have hair root). Seventeen reference samples were also analyzed. At the end of thorough investigation, a prime suspect was revealed. Finally, blood stains were found in the suspect’s shoes and mixed STR profiles of the one dead woman and the suspect were detected in the shoes. And the criminal was arrested at last. Through this case, it shows that the close cooperation between police and forensic lab is very 179 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) Nor Aidora Saedon, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Mohd Iqbal Zulkafli, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia samples were later quantitated via the QuantiFiler Trio Kit and amplified and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. The results indicated that the Qia Cube are able to separate out the sperm cells and the non-sperm cells and these extracts are successfully generate DNA profiles. WFF2014 important to solve criminal events. KEYWORDS DNA ANALYSIS; STR PROFILE; FORENSIC EVIDENCES AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) DNA P-22 VALIDATION AND COMPARISON OF DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FOR HUMAN TEETH Paul Ryan Sales, Gayvelline Calacal, Jazelyn Salvador, Maria Corazon De Ungria DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines - Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines In the Philippines, studies on dental DNA profiling are scarce. In forensic cases and disaster victim identification involving human remains, teeth and bones are the best sources of DNA for DNA typing. In these events, the rapid decomposition of human remains is observed because of the humidity and warm temperature characteristic of Philippine weather. The current protocol followed by institutions working on disaster victim identification is to collect femur samples using a bone saw. The invasiveness of this strategy and the additional work for forensic pathologists to perform cuts on the thigh of the human casualty contribute to the already delayed process of victim identification. The possibility of using tooth samples that could be extracted by forensic odontologists after dental examination offers an alternative DNA source. This study compared the yield and quality of DNA extracted from teeth using several DNA extraction protocols. Data from this study will provide the ground work in developing tooth-related processing and storage protocols that are suited to countries like the Philippines that have a tropical climate with humidity all year round. KEYWORDS Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines Y-chromosomal DNA typing is the most powerful tool for male identification as it selectively amplifies the male DNA from any given sample mixture. However, the use of the current set of conventional Y-STR markers is limited by its inability to differentiate paternally-related male individuals since the Y-chromosome is conserved through male paternal lineages. The recently discovered set of 13 Y-STR markers called ‘rapidly mutating (RM) Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs)’ identified to have a higher mutation rate than conventional Y-STR markers can potentially differentiate paternally-related males such as fathers and sons; and between brothers. Statistical analysis and interpretation of data from using Y-STRs (conventional and RM Y-STRs) would require information on the frequency of the haplotype in the population and mutation rate data, which is presented in this paper. Collected blood samples on FTATM cards from a Filipino population of 150 family trios (consisting of 303 father-son pairs, 137 brother pairs and 13 grandfather-grandson pairs) were amplified and analyzed at 34 Y-STR markers (DYS19, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a/b, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, Y-GATA-H4, DYS481, DYS549, DYS533, DYS643, DYS576, DYS570 DYF387S1, DYF399S1, DYS626, DYS627, DYS526, DYS518, DYS612, DYS449, DYS547, DYF404S1 and DYF403S1) using the PowerPlex® Y23 System (Promega Corp., USA) and a published protocol for the 13 RM Y-STR markers. Two of the RM Y-STR markers are also included in the PowerPlex® Y23 System, for which a concordance evaluation was performed. This paper reports the nature of mutations observed, as well as the overall and loci-specific mutation rates calculated from this Filipino population sample. ADULT TEETH; DENTAL DNA; DNA YIELD KEYWORDS RAPIDLY MUTATING Y-STR MARKERS; MUTATION RATES; PHILIPPINE POPULATION DNA P-23 MUTATION RATES AT 34 Y-CHROMOSOMAL SHORT TANDEM REPEAT (STR) MARKERS IN FATHER/SON, BROTHER, AND GRANDFATHER-GRANDSON PAIRS FROM A FILIPINO POPULATION Lindsay Clare Carandang1, 2 , Jazelyn Salvador1, 2 , Maria Lourdes Honrado2 , Altair Agmata1, Angelica Rose Sagum1, Maria Corazon De Ungria1, 2 1 Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines; 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, 180 DNA P-24 CASE REPORT OF XX MALE SYNDROME AND AIS(ANDROGEN INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME) Jang-Yong Kim, Sun-Wha Park, Moon-Hee Park, Ju-Yeon Jung, Ji-Won Choi, Eun-Hye Kim, Hae-Yong Lee, Dong-Ho Choi, Dong-Sub Yi, Pil-Won Kang DNA Analysis Division, Seoul institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 cards to determine the feasibility of storing these types of samples at room temperature. Procedures were evaluated based on total human DNA yield and recovery of aSTR and Y-STR alleles of the semen contributor. Whilst the organic procedure generally resulted to higher DNA yields, the silica-based method was comparable in recovering alleles of the male/penetrative partner, generated less waste and was less tedious compared to organic extraction. To date, swab samples on FTA generated mostly partial profiles. Results of this study will provide the basis for recommendations on the proper storage, processing, and DNA analysis of various sample types for the resolution of sexual assault cases in the Philippines. KEYWORDS DNA EXTRACTION; SEXUAL ASSAULT EVIDENCE; POST-COITAL SAMPLES KEYWORDS XX MALE SYNDROME ; AIS(ANDROGEN INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME); STR DNA P-26 DNA P-25 EVALUATION OF FORENSIC DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FOR POST-COITAL SWABS, STAINS, AND CONDOMS Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez1, Gayvelline Calacal1, Rita Laude2 , Maria Corazon De Ungria1 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines DNA analysis of samples collected from a sexual abuse victim is a major step towards the identification of the real perpetrator/s of the crime. To increase the likelihood of obtaining an interpretable genetic profile, the extraction procedure used should remove potential inhibitors and maximize recovery of DNA (non-victim and at times, even the victim's DNA) from the different types of evidentiary samples that may be encountered in casework. To evaluate procedures for DNA extraction, post-coital samples namely, vaginal/anal swabs, stained underwear, and condoms were obtained from consenting male-female and male-male couples. Differential lysis was not performed to avoid DNA loss when the process is used. DNA from the samples was extracted using either a phenol-chloroform method or the silica-based QIAamp DNA Micro procedure. In addition, biological material contained in the swabs was transferred onto Indicating WhatmanTM FTATM Elute RAPIDLY MUTATING Y-STRS IN TWO INDONESIAN POPULATIONS Gludhug Ariyo Purnomo, Helena Suryadi, Herawati Sudoyo Forensic DNA Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia Y chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STRs) has been widely applied for forensic caseworks. Seventeen (17) Y-STRs loci (Yfiler) commonly used to solve sexual assault casework where a mixture profile of male/female occurs, and cannot be identified by using autosomal STR. Y-STR profile is still observed even in the high background of female contribution. However, Yfiler profile for several generations failed to differentiate between male relatives due to low mutating loci. To date, the used of higher mutation rate loci has been introduced to improve the differentiation. In 2012, 13 Y-STRs loci with higher mutation rate was published as Rapidly Mutating (RM) Y-STRs (Balantyne et al, 2012). The RM Y-STRs is expected to differentiate male lineage and relatives. For future forensic applications of RM Y-STRs, population data of RM Y-STRs haplotype should be generated. Our laboratory is one of 52 centers of the International RM Y-STR Study Group (Ballantyne et al, 2014, inpress). In this preliminary study we have analyzed quality-controlled of RM Y-STRs and Yfiler data using 200 unrelated male individuals from 2 major Indonesian populations, namely the Batak and Javanese. Yfiler haplotype diversity was 0.9943 and 0.9980 for Batak and Javanese population, respectively. In comparison to RM Y-STRs, the haplotype diversity was 1.0 and 0.9995 for Batak and 181 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) We report the difference between phenotype and genotype (amelogenin typing in autosomal STR and Y-STR analysis) of the sample obtained from the cartilage of dead infant. We analyzed with several forensic DNA analysis methods (autosomal STR, Y-chromosomal STR, etc.). In results, we found an amelogenin typing represents XX, while this dead body was observed to male in a postmortem examination. Therefore, in results of Y-STR, this DNA sample was not amplified and analyzed in any other Y-STR loci. On the contrary, a phonotype in some sexual-assault case was female, but a genotype was not female, amelogenin genotype showed XY. We suggested that our experience in this study helps understand the genotype-phenotype discrepancy and this knowledge plays a role in a basic gender screening of criminal investigation. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 Javanese, respectively. As expected, RM Y-STRs haplotype is more diverse than the Yfiler. AMOVA analysis for Yfiler shows that 92.52% haplotype variation was within population and 7.48% was among population. In comparison RM Y-STR shows 95.68% haplotype variation within population and 4.32% among population. Based on the result, each population was genetically different. For future forensic purposes, we would like to employ the RM Y-STRs as additional marker to differentiate between male relatives for casework analysis. KEYWORDS Y CHORMOSOME; STR; RAPIDLY MUTATING DNA P-27 JUDICIAL RULES, LAWS AND ETHICS THAT GOVERN DNA FORENSICS IN THE PHILIPPINES Maria Corazon De Ungria1, Jose Jose2 , Jimenez E3 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2Office of Legal Aid, College of Law, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 3 National Institute of Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines The first DNA paternity case that was conducted in the Philippines was performed by the DNA Analysis Laboratory, University of the Philippines in February 1999. The absence of DNA legislation did not serve as an obstacle in the conduct of the DNA test in this case nor in succeeding cases. In 2002, the Philippine Supreme Court admitted the DNA test result in the landmark case, People v Vallejo, wherein DNA was used to link a suspect and the 9-year old victim in a rape-homicide case. In 2007, the Philippine Supreme Court promulgated the Rule on DNA Evidence, the first of its kind, which mandated all courts to use DNA evidence, when relevant, in all cases where such evidence is available. Because of the specificity of this Rule for DNA evidence, the existing Rules of Court, was made more explicit when dealing with DNA. Moreover, this Rule opened the way for the admission of post-conviction DNA evidence in a country that imposed and repealed the Death Penalty twice in its entire history due to the on-going societal debate as to ability of the Philippine criminal justice system to execute only those who have committed heinous crimes. Besides the use of DNA evidence in court, the field of forensic genetics also faces ethical challenges. The increasing number of private DNA testing companies that mail collection kits to persons who may obtain biological samples without the informed consent of individuals, is a concern. 182 Some courts have ordered the DNA Analysis Laboratory, University of the Philippines to repeat the DNA tests in cases wherein the parties involved had initially made use of the mailed sample collection kits. Ethics review boards have also implemented stricter rules as to the use of case samples, as well as archived database samples, without prior consent from source. Specific protocols to protect the privacy of volunteers that provide their samples for research have to be approved by an ethics review panel, that have their own guidelines when reviewing all research involving human samples. In the Philippines where most human genetics research focus on medical applications, work to expound the governing principles of ethical review to include forensic genetic research is warranted. KEYWORDS LAWS; ETHICS; JUDICIAL RULES DNA P-29 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTICATION SUKHOI SUPER JET 100 THROUGH DNA TECHNOLOGY Putut T Widodo1, Tamy Soedarsono2 , Novi Wulandari1, Raka Swastika1, Dewi Monasari1, Lathifah Ismiyati1, Retno Dwi Wahyuningsih1, Muh Fuad Riyadi1, Restu Priono1, Riris Savitri1 1 Indonesian National Police, DNA Laboratory Of INP Forensic Medicine And Health Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Universty of Indonesia, Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia On 9th of May 2012 a Sukhoi Super Jet (SSJ) 100 carrying 45 people (8 Russian crew, 1 USA citizen, 36 Indonesian) had crashed in Mount Salak West Java, Indonesia during a promotional flight. A Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) operation was conducted to establish the identity of the victims. As much as 549 samples were taken for DNA testing comprise of 451 post mortem samples and 98 ante mortem samples. The post mortem samples were dominated by muscle tissue from body fragments and also some bones, teeth and hair. The reference samples are taken from belongings of known samples such as under wear and used tissue. Reference sample from direct family line of known victim was also taken using buccal swab. To prevent contamination the reference samples were analyzed separately from the post mortem sample. DNA extraction were carried using two method; chelex for buccal swab, muscle tissue, FTA card and fabrics and organic extraction for bone and teeth. The extracted DNA the were quantified using Quantifiler Kit on ABI Prism 7500 Real Time PCR Analyser Amplification were conducted using AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler®, AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler® Plus and AmpFℓSTR® WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Applied Biosystems 3130xl Genetic Analyzer. The total duration for the DNA analysis was 7 days with satisfying results, in which 45 profiles were successfully genotyped from all the post mortem samples without any contamination. The DNA profiles were later used as guidance during body reconstruction work. KEYWORDS DVI; DNA; PCR DNA P-31 KEYWORDS SUKHOI SUPER JET 100; DNA; PCR A COMPARISON OF YFILER® PLUS VTS PCR AMPLICATION KIT AND AMPF/STR® YFILERTM KIT IN 10 CASEWORK SAMPLES DNA P-30 DNA IDENTIFICATION OF 2012 SUKHOI SUPER JET 100 CRASH DVI OPERATION Putut T Widodo1, Novi Wulandari1, Raka Swastika1, Dewi Monasari1, Lathifah Ismiyati1, Retno D Wahyuningsih1, Muh Fuad Riyadi1, Restu Priono1, Riris Savitri1, Tamy Soedarsono2 1 Indonesian National Police, DNA Laboratory Of INP Forensic Medicine And Health Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2University Of Indonesia, Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia This case study reported the 2012 Sukhoi Super Jet (SSJ) 100 crash in Mount Salak West Java, Indonesia, in which 45 people (8 Russians, 1 American, 1 French, and 35 Indonesians) on board the ill-fated flight. A Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) operation was conducted to establish the identity of the victims. DNA tests were taken from 549 samples consisted of 451 post mortem samples and 98 ante mortem (reference) samples. Most of the post mortem samples came from muscle tissues of each body fragment, in addition to bones, teeth and hair. The reference samples were taken by two methods: (1) directly from the personal belongings of the suspected victims, such as a victim’s used underwear, and; (2) indirectly from family reference samples using buccal swabs. To prevent contamination during the examination, all reference samples were analyzed separately from the evidence samples. DNA was extracted using two methods: (1) chelex for each buccal swab, muscle tissues, and FTA card; (2) fabrics and organic extraction method for bone and teeth. The extracted DNA was then quantified using Quantifiler Kit on ABI Prism 7500 Real Time PCR Analyzer. Amplification was carried out using AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler®, AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler® Plus and/ or AmpFℓSTR ® MiniFiler™ with specific consideration for each degraded sample. Electrophoresis was done using Ju-Yeon Jung1, Kyoung-Sook Kim2 , Sun-Wha Park1, MoonHee Park1, Jang-Yong Kim1, Ji-Won Choi1, Dong-Sub Lee1, Pil-Won Kang1 1 Dept. of DNA Analysis, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Dept. of DNA Analysis, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South) Y-STR genotyping can play powerful roles in both forensic casework and paternity study. We have tested new 27plex Y-STR genotyping kit, Yfiler ® PLUS VTS PCR Amplication Kit, in 10 casework samples at various DNA concentrations(10pg~800pg). The genotyping results are compared with AmpF/STR ® YfilerTM Kit. The Yfiler ® PLUS VTS PCR Amplication Kit shares the primer sets for 17 common loci(DYS576, DYS389I, DYS448, DYS389II, DYS19, DYS391, DYS481, DYS549, DYS533, DYS438, DYS437, DYS570, DYS635, DYS390, DYS439, DYS392, DYS643, DYS393, DYS458, DYS385, DYS456, GATA H4) with AmpF/STR® YfilerTM Kit and has 10 additional loci(DYS576, DYS627, DYS460, DYS518, DYS570, DYS449, DYS481, DYF387S1, DYS533). The concordance of 10 casework samples were observed with reference data. The detection rate of data using Yfiler® PLUS VTS PCR Amplication Kit has increased to 35.2% than using AmpF/ STR® YfilerTM Kit. Besides, we could get additional Y-STR loci from 4 to 10. The results demonstrate that Yfiler® PLUS PCR Amplication Kit can enhance the detection rate and recover uncertainty from low-concentrated forensic samples. KEYWORDS YSTR GENOTYPING; CASEWORK SAMPLE 183 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) MiniFiler™ for degraded sample. Electrophoresis were carried out using Applied Biosystems 3130xl Genetic Analyzer and then the result were typed and matched manually between the reference and the post mortem samples. The total duration for the DNA analysis were 7 days with satisfying result; 45 profiles were successfully genotyped from all the post mortem samples and 44 post mortem samples were successfully matched with reference samples. The DNA profile were also used for body parts reconstruction. WFF2014 AFSN WORKGROUP ILLICIT DRUGS AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) ID P-1 IDENTIFICATION OF 3-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHE NYLPIPERAZINE (TFMPP) FROM THE UNKNOWN WHITE CRYSTALLINE SUBSTANCE Chang Ying, Zhao Yang, Huang Xing, Gao Li-Sheng Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China 3-Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine(TFMPP) was detected recently by the drug laboratory of IFS (Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P. R. China).The white crystalline substance was delivered by the police to our laboratory. The white crystalline substance was screened by colour tests and the presence of 3-Trifluoromethylphenylipe razine was confirmed by GC-MS and NMR. This is the first report of finding this substance in China Mainland. 3-Triflu oromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP) is a recreational drug of the piperazine chemical class. TFMPP itself is a central nervous system stimulant. It has been reported to stimulate the release of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin, and also inhibit their reuptake. The substances are thus amfetamine mimics and predominantly found in tablet form either alone, in combination with other piperazines or with amfetamine, cocaine, ketamine or MDMA. It is sold as a legal alternative to the illicit drug MDMA (”Ecstasy”) under the name “Legal X”. It is suggested that more attention should be paid on Piperazines family of new psychoactive substances in Asia. KEYWORDS TFMPP; NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES; PIPERAZINES ID P-2 IDENTIFICATION OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE JURISDICTIONS OF BALI AND WEST NUSA TENGGARA REGIONAL POLICE Roedy Aris Tavip Center of Forensic Laboratory of Criminal Investigative Division, Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia The increase of wide-spread distribution and misuse of new psychoactive substances require special attention of law enforcement agencies, Indonesian National Police (INP), 184 and National Narcotics Board of Republic of Indonesia in regard to prevention and eradication of misuse and ilicit sales of narcotics. In addition to the information from the intelligence unit, forensic analysis of physical and chemical characterization of evidence by implementing forensic sciences in evidence examination may support them in these cases. The result of forensic analysis of 5 items of evidence seized in the jurisdictions of Bali and West Nusa Tenggara Regional Police in 2013 showed that there were 4 new designer drugs and 1 known drug that are not listed in Law of Republic of Indonesia, Article No. 35, year of 2009. These were Methylone (3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone), MPHP (4-methyl-α-pyrrolidine-hexiophenone), XLR11 (3-tetramethyl cyclopropylmethanone), and 5-APB (5-(2-aminopropyl) benzofuran) and the known drug was ketamine. KEYWORDS NEW DESIGNER DRUG(S); FORENSIC ANALYSIS; ARTICLE NUMBER 35 IN THE YEAR OF 2009 ID P-3 EFFECT OF PH AND SODIUM CHLORIDE ON LIQUIDLIQUID EXTRACTION METHOD FOR MDMA ANALYSIS IN ECSTASY TABLET USING GC-MS Riska Dwi Widayati Drug Testing Laboratory, National Narcotics Board of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia In forensic casework, liquid-liquid extractions are the most common technique used for powdered and tablet analysis. Methanol is the common solvent used but other solvents such as ethyl acetate and chloroform are also used in an extraction. However, these extractions have limitation because there are some drugs that require specialized extraction techniques due to the acid/base properties of the analyte. Nowadays, ecstasy tablet ingredients are found to contain many substances so single solvent is not enough for better extraction. Better extraction needs better solvent to extracting them with GC analysis. The influence of sodium chlorides on the extraction of MDMA with different pH was studied by using extraction solvent of dichloromethane, dichloroethane and heptane. Weight of sodium chlorides in various range (100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg) and solutions with different pH (8.5, 9, 9.5, and 10) have been used in this study. The result showed that pH 10 was the optimum pH for extraction of MDMA and other impurities WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 (Methamphetamine, Caffeine and Ketamine). Addition of adequate amount of NaCl (200 mg) was the optimum amount to give better extraction with GC analysis so impurities can be clearly identified and shown on normalization of area in GC analysis which gives higher response than 100 mg and 400 mg of NaCl. NOVEL “SPICE” DRUGS; SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY KEYWORDS AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) KEYWORDS LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION; MDMA ANALYSIS; EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE precise, sensitive and fast for the determination of those 10 common synthetic cannabinoids in novel “spice” drugs. AFSN WORKGROUP TOXICOLOGY ID P-4 SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF 10 SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS IN NOVEL “SPICE” DRUGS BY HPLC AND LC-MS/MS TX P-1 Wanfeng Zhai, Chunshui Zhang, Lisheng Gao Drug Detection Division, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Yujing Luan, Leiping Zhang, Ruihua Wang, Ying Dong, Hongyan Du, Fanglin Wang, Yi He, Zhongshan Yu Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method and a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method were developed for the simultaneous determination of 10 synthetic cannabinoids in novel “spice” drugs. This is the first report of detection and determination of synthetic cannabinoids by LC-MS/MS and the first report of simultaneous determination of more than 2 kinds of synthetic cannabinoids by HPLC in Mainland China. Samples were extracted by methanol, centrifuged and filtered. In the HPLC method, a Shim-pack XR-ODS C18 (4.6×250mm, 5μm) column was used at 45ºC. The mobile phase system contained methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) and water, and the percentage of organic phase changed between 66% and 89.1% in a linear gradient elution of 33 min. The samples were detected by an ultraviolet detector at 220nm. Validation of the method included the assessment of selectivity, linearity (1 to 100 μg/mL), limits of detection (1~5 ng), imprecision (intra-day RSDs≤1.68%, inter-day RSDs≤2.36%) and accuracy(98.15%~102.07% of target concentration). In the LC-MS/MS method, a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 (3.0×50mm, 2.7μm) column was used at 35ºC. The aqueous mobile phase consisted of 5mM ammonium formate and 0.2% formic acid in water, while the organic mobile phase was methanol. The percentage of organic phase changed between 70% and 88% in a linear gradient elution in 11 min. Validation of the method included the assessment of selectivity, linearity (1 to 100 or 10 to 1000 ng/mL), limits of detection (0.1~2 pg), imprecision (intra-day RSDs≤3.55%, inter-day RSDs≤7.96%) and accuracy(96.83%~103.16% of target concentration). Both methods were proved to be accurate, LC-MS/MS DETERMINATION OF GAMMAHYDROXYBUTYRATE IN HUMAN URINE GHB are becoming popular recreational drugs. As a result of its strong sedative and amnesiac effects, GHB has been implicated in a number of DFSA cases. The natural presence of GHB in the human body and its rapid elimination after ingestion make it difficult to detect and to evaluate its roles in suspected GHB-facilitated assaults. The paper describes an analytical method for the determination of GHB in urine using LC-MS/MS. Samples were acidified by ammonium chloride solution and extracted with ethyl acetate, and then the extracts were anazyled by LC-MS/MS. The limit of detection was 1μg/mL(S/N=3). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 10.0% at three concentrations. The methods were found to be sensitive, accurate, rapid and suitable for the forensic toxicology to test of GHB in real cases. KEYWORDS Γ-HYDROXYBUTYRATE(GHB); URINE; LC/MS/MS TX P-2 DETERMINATION OF CHLORIMURON-ETHYL BY LCMS/MS Leiping Zhang, Yujing Luan, Zhongshan Yu, Hongyan Du, Yi He Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China 185 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 Chlorimuron-ethyl is a kind of sulfonylurea herbicide. Its chemical name is ethyl 2-{[(4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidin2-yl)carbamoyl]sulfamoyl}benzoate. molecular formula is C15H15CLN4O6S, and molecular weight is 414.82. In the past few years, we notice that happened some Related cases. Objective: To establish a method of liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry for determination of Chlorimuronethyl in biological samples. Methods: Biological samples were extracted and quantified by LC/MS-MS in the multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode. Results: Chlorimuron-ethyl in biological samples were separated well. The recoveries were more than 80%, the interday and intra-day precisions were less than 6%. Conclusion: This method is fast and well separated, and suitable for determination of Chlorimuron-ethyl in biological samples. KEYWORDS CHLORIMURON-ETHYL; TOXICOSIS ; LC- MS/MS TX P-3 RAPID DETERMINATION OF OLEANDRIN IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY LC-MS/MS METHOD Fanglin Wang, Yujing Luan, Yao Liu Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Nerium indicum. Mill(Nerium oleander L) is a rare evergreen shrub, which has a long history of cultivation in China, throughout the world. Oleander is regarded as the most toxicplants in the world, containing the oleander, glycosides and other toxic ingredients, the main toxic components is oleandrin. The paper describes an analytical method for the determination of oleandrin in biological samples using LCMS/MS. Samples were extracted with solid phase extraction, and then the extracts were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was performed on an UPLC BEH C18 column using gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid, and detected by the positive electrospray ionizationMS/ M S method under multiple reaction monitor mode. The run time of each analysis was 5.0 min. The limit of detection was 1ng/mL(S/N=3). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 10.0% at three concentrations. The method was found to be sensitive, accurate, rapid and suitable for the forensic toxicology to test of oleandrin in real cases. OLEANDRIN; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; POISONING KEYWORDS 186 TX P-4 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN POSTMORTEM BLOOD USING LC-MS/MS AND A CASE REPORT, DEATH OF NICOTINE POISONING Hyesun Yum, Jungjoon Kim, Minji Kang, Sungmin Moon, Sujin Jeong, Juseon Lee, Seungkyung Baeck Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology & Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the Solanaceae plants and widely used as an insecticide in the past. Its median lethal dose (LD50) is 50 mg/kg for rats, 3 mg/kg for mice and 3060 mg (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) can be a lethal dose for adult humans. It acts as a stimulant in small amounts, but high doses can be harmful. A 56-year-old man found death in his office. Some search results of toxic substances (ex) cyanides, etc) for suicide were found in his computer and nicotine was detected in postmortem specimens. In this study, a simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of nicotine in postmortem blood was developed and validated. Acetonitrile was used for protein precipitation and supernatant was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electro spray ionization mass spectrometry. Analytes were separated by RESTEK Allure PFPP column (2.1 x 50 mm, 5 μm) using a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min to 1.0 mL/min at 35ºC with gradient elution. Mobile phase A was 2 mM ammonium formate in D.W and B was 2 mM ammonium formate in acetonitrile. Linear calibration curves were obtained at the concentration ranges and the method was validated by evaluating the selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery were also performed. In this case, nicotine was identified and quantitated on analysis of postmortem specimens; heart blood and peripheral blood. This method can be successfully used to detect nicotine in biological samples. KEYWORDS NICOTINE; LCMSMS; POSTMORTEM CONCENTRATIONS TX P-5 HIGH-THROUGHPUT SPE/GC-MS METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE AND AMPHETAMINE IN URINE SAMPLES OF DRUG USERS Sumate Thiangthum, Orapin Tanunkat Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS METHAMPHETAMINE, AMPHETAMINE; GC-MS; URINE TX P-6 BENZODIAZEPINES ANALYSIS IN BLOOD WITH DRIED BLOOD SPOTS(DBS) Heesang Lee, Yujin Park, Jiyeong Jo, Sangwhan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Forensic Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) Dried Blood Spot (DBS) has been used as a new sample control method for analysis of inherited metabolic disorder screening in newborn and various drugs in blood since 1960s. Compared to existing sample extraction methods (SPE & LLE) using serum and plasma, DBS has lots of benefits, lower needed blood volume (less than 20 μL), shorten analysis time because of more simpler analysis steps, cutter cost etc. With appearance of a LC-MSMS, as it let qualitative and quantitative analysis to small blood volume, DBS is using on behalf of SPE & LLE extraction in many fields. In toxicology field, many drugs (benzodiazepines, AAP, small molecule drugs etc) tested by DBS. We optimized the DBS extraction conditions for benzodiazepines analysis in blood, DBS cards for blood extraction (DMPK A, B, C), card drying time, punched card extraction solvent & time, and LC/MSMS column & conditions. We can find the best conditions for analysis benzodiazepines in blood. Also, method validation is confirmed to DBS extraction compared to existing extraction method, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and precision. The results are satisfied with method validation, <15%. KEYWORDS DRIED BLOOD SPOTS(DBS); LC/MSMS; BENZODIAZEPINES TX P-7 SIMULTANEOUS SCREENING AND QUANTITATION OF TEN AMPHETAMINES IN URINE BY ON-LINE SPELC/MS METHOD Helmy Rabaha1, Zhaoqi Zhan2 1 Department of Scientific Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei, Brunei Darussalam; 2Customer Support Centre, Shimadzu (asia Pacific) Pte Ltd, Singapore Amphetamine drugs are a group of illicit drugs. The conventional analytical procedure in forensic and toxicology laboratory includes initial immunological screening followed by GCMS quantitation and confirmation. Recently, rapid screening and quantitation of illicit drugs by LC/MS are in demand. In this study, on-line SPE was adopted to develop an automatic LC/MS method for analysis of 10 amphetamine drugs in urine. However, it was observed that normal reusable SPE cartridges could not trap all of the compounds due to the wide polarity distribution. By using a short C18-column to replace the SPE cartridge, not only all of the amphetamines studied could be trapped efficiently, but the trapping column was used for over 200 times without decrease in trapping efficiency. KEYWORDS ONLINE SPE; AMPHETAMINES; LC/MS 187 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) Methamphetamine is the most common drug of abuse in Thailand. Bureau of Drug and Narcotic, Department of Medical Sciences, as the national drug testing laboratory, has analyzed more than hundred thousand urine specimens collected from drug users each year. It is necessary to develop a high-throughput method capable of simultaneously determining methamphetamine and its metabolite, amphetamine, in urine specimens. We developed a simple and rapid GC-MS method using automated solid-phase extraction for sample clean up. Phentermine was used as internal standard. Derivatization was performed with pentafluoropropionic acid at 65ºC for 25 minutes. Chromatography was conducted on a fused silica capillary column and analytes were determined in selected-ion-monitoring (SIM) mode. Mass spectra of pentafluoropropionyl derivatives showed peak at m/ z 190, 118 and 91 for amphetamine, at m/z 204, 160 and 118 for methamphetamine and at m/z 204, 132 and 91 for phentermine. The method was fully validated according to the current recommendations of the USFDA bioanalytical method validation guidance. There were no interfering peaks from endogenous components in drug-free urine. Calibration curves were linear over 100 - 4, 000 ng/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The method was rugged and sensitive with a lower limit of quantification of 100 ng/mL. Validation parameters, such as accuracy, intra- and interday precision, and recovery, were within acceptable limits. Stability of amphetamine and methamphetamine in various storage conditions were also determined. The method was proved to be high-throughput and successfully used in our laboratory to quantify amphetamine and methamphetamine in urine samples of drug users. WFF2014 TX P-8 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF VECURONIUM IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS IN A CASE OF FATAL VECURONIUM INTOXICATION Sung-Min Moon, Jung-Joon Kim, Min-Ji Kang, Hye-Sun Yum, Su-Jin Jeong, Ju-Seon Lee, Seung-Kyung Baeck Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology & Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) Muscle relaxants such as vecuronium, blocking the effect of Acetylcholine presenting in skeletal muscle, paralyze the muscles of respiration. Vecuronium should be always applied with the ventilator because the patient could not keep breathing even if vecuronium might be administered in therapeutic concentration range. Because vecuronium disappears rapidly in blood by hydrolysis, rapid analysis is essential. Therefore, vecuronium is misused to murder or suicide cases. For this reason, detection of muscle relaxant is very important from the forensic aspect. This report presents a fatal case of a 51 years old male victim who died of selfadministered vecuronium intoxication. The vecuronium level of the blood sample was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry after deproteinization with acetonitrile. Mivacuronium was used as an internal standard. The concentrations of vecuronium in heart blood and peripheral blood were 0.13 mg/L and 0.056 mg/L, respectively. Vecuronium was detected in gastric content, aqueous humor and liver, too. KEYWORDS VECURONIUM; HPLC-MS/MS; INTOXICATION TX P-9 APPLICATION OF HOLLOW FIBER LIQUID PHASE MICRO-EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH HIGHPERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE ANALYSIS OF TRAMDOL Xueguo Chen, Ting Zhang Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Drug abuse, which affects human nature and causes numerous crimes, is increasing among people around the world, especially among the young people. Tramadol is among the most prevalent of illicit drugs used in our countries because it can be obtained easily and the price is very lower than other illicit drugs. In this article, a sensitive and rapid analytical method 188 coupling two-phase liquid phase micro-extraction based on ionic liquid and hollow fiber with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was established and applied in the analysis of tramadol in urine. The optimal extraction conditions of tramdol was listed as follow: The factors influencing the extraction efficiency were optimized using single factor. The optimal extraction conditions of tramadol were listed as follow: 7.0μL of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole double trifluoro methane sulfonyl imide salt was chosen as extraction organic solution and added in hollow fiber, and then was placed in 4mL sample, which has been adjusted the pH as 11.0 with Na2CO3-NaHCO3 buffer, irring speed was 600rpm, extraction water bath temperature was 45ºC, extraction time was 40min. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship of tramadol was obtained in the range of 0.05~50μg/mL and the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9993, the detection limit and enrichment factor were 0.01 μg/mL and 197, respectively. The results showed that the method using two-phase liquid phase micro-extraction based on ionic liquid and hollow fiber with HPLC is simpler, requires fewer amounts and has higher extraction efficiency, and it can be applied in the identification of tramdol in drugs abused cases. KEYWORDS IONIC LIQUID; HOLLOW FIBER; TRAMADOL TX P-10 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TIME OF FLIGHT / MASSPECTROMETRY METHOD FOR FORENSIC DRUG SCREENING IN BLOOD SAMPLES Supranee Pantatan, Ampika Leelapojan Forensic Chemistry Unit, Bureau of Forensic Service, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS) method for identification of drugs and metabolites in whole blood was developed and validated according to international guidelines. The classes of targeted drugs include benzodiazepines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, opioid analgesics, and many other miscellaneous forensically significant substances. Separation and identification were performed with a Dionex Ultimate 3000 system (Phenomenex C18 column (2.1x150 mm, 5 um)) coupled to a Bruker MicrOTOF 2 mass spectrometer using an electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode. Positive identification of the targeted drugs is based on accurate mass measurement of the molecular ion, isotopic pattern WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS LC-TOF/MS; DRUG SCREENING; BLOOD TX P-11 ETHYL GLUCURONIDE(ETG) IN HAIR OF SUSPECTED ALCOHOLICS IN FORENSIC AUTOPSY CASES Hye-Jin Choi, Dong-Kye Lee, Hyun Jee Kim, Se Jin Oh Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) It is necessary to ascertain whether someone is drunken or not and how much he or she drank in the all kinds of incidents, especially mortality cases. As a forensic chemist, we usually analyze alcohol level in body fluids such as blood, aqueous humor and tissues using gas chromatography. However, ethanol is eliminated rapidly from the body somewhat quickly. So it is difficult to confirm that ingestion of alcohol could lead to death if ethanol is not detected in body fluids etc. Actually there are so many cases in which no ethanol is detected in post-mortem specimens even though they were suspected of alcohol abuse. In this study we investigate hair ethyl glucuronide (EtG) of suspected alcoholics in forensic autopsy cases. EtG has been actively investigated as a longterm biomarker of alcohol in many countries for decades. However EtG test to monitor alcohol consumption has not been performed in Korea. We developed and validated hair EtG analysis method by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Hair samples of proximal 3 cm were collected and EtG was extracted from 50 mg hair by mixed solvent of methanol and water. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification were 5 pg/mg and 12 pg/mg respectively. The linearity was assessed in the range of 15-5000 pg/mg hair with a correlation coefficient above 0.999. Nine hair samples from forensic autopsies were analysed and EtG concentration ranged from 75 to 9891 pg/mg. KEYWORDS ETHYL GLUCURONIDE; HAIR; POST- MORTEM TX P-12 IDENTIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS BY 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN VARIOUS BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS Dong-Kye Lee 1 Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) NMR spectroscopy can be applied to identify and quantitate xenobiotics directly in various biological fluids such as, blood, urine, gastric fluid and saliva. Also, this technique was applied to variety of xenobiotics, such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals and solvents. In ethylene glycol poisoning case, we assigned the singlet signal at 3.7 ppm in blood sample. Aspirin was identified by its several aromatic signals at 7.0, 7.5 and 7.8 ppm in gastric fluid sample. Also, 1H NMR was used to identify paraquat in gastric fluid due to its two aromatic signals at 8.4 and 8.9 ppm. Methomyl was characterized by it resonances at 2.3, 2.4 and 2.8 ppm in gastric fluid, but not found in blood. In this study, we describe the application of 1H NMR as methods to identify xenobiotics in various biological fluids, without any presample preparation. KEYWORDS XENOBIOTIC; NMR; BIOLOGICAL FLUID TX P-13 SENSITIVE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 11-NOR-9-CARBOXY-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL IN HAIR BY COLUMN SWITCHING LC/MS/MS Meejung Park, Sunghoon Yeon, Inhoi Han, Jeasin Lee, Yonghoon Park Drug and Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Introduction: Hair analysis has been regarded as an alternative method for urine analysis in forensic and 189 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) match and retention times of the analytes. In addition, the fragmentation spectra generated from in-source collisioninduced-dissociation (ISCID) were also used for additional confirmatory purposes in some compounds. For all analytes, the limit of detection (LOD) was between 5-50 ng/mL. Matrix effects in general were found to be acceptable (+/20%), except in some drugs. Nonetheless LODs were considered adequate for forensic toxicology purposes. This method was applied to a number of actual forensic samples confirming that the results produced from this method were consistent with results obtained from routine LC-MS/MS method. The presented LC-TOF/MS method showed to be appropriate for multi-targeted screening of drugs important in drug-facilitated crime cases. With the ability for both targeted and non-targeted screening, LC-TOF/MS can be an ideal tool for forensic toxicology screening. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 criminal cases. Cannabis (marijuana) is one of the most widely used drugs in the world and it has been controlled in South Korea since 1976. Identification of 11-nor-9carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) in hair can be an important proof of cannabis use because it can exclude the possibility of passive cannabis smoke exposure. In this study, we described a quantitative method of THCCOOH in hair using simple liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and selective column switching liquid chromatography with ESI-MS3. Methods: The column switching valve was put in the column compartment. A pre-column (C18, 2.0 × 30 mm, 3.0 μm) was used in the modified gradient method. For the column switching system, the trap column (C18, 1.0 × 30 mm, 2.6 μm) and the analytical column (C18, 2.1 x 75 mm, 2.7 μm) were used. Valve switch from precolumn to trap column was set from 3.0 to 4.0 min. The sample extract was injected on the precolumn and THCCOOH appeared around 3.5 min in this precolumn. From 3.0 to 4.0 min the analytes were flushed onto the trap column. After 4.0 min the valve was switched to the original position and the analytes in the trap column were eluted onto the analytical column. Resolution occurred in this column by increasing the ratio of organic solvent and finally eluted into the electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS3 system. Internal standard was THCCOOH-d3. In the MS3 experiment, THCCOOH ionized best in negative ESI mode and an [M-H-] ion was observed at m/z 343, which was fragmented into the second precursor ion at m/z 299.2 and the resulting MS3 spectrum showed an intense peak at m/ z 245.1; therefore, for the quantification of THCCOOH, the MS/MS/MS ion transition monitored was m/z 343.2 → 299.1 → 245.2. Results and Conclusion: The correlation coefficients (r2) of calibration curves were larger than 0.9997 with mean slope of 0.0202 and the mean intercept of 0.0017. The limit of detection was 0.08 pg/mg and the limit of quantification was 0.1 pg/mg. The mean values of matrix effect at 10 pg/20 mg and 50 pg/20 mg were 82.8 and 70.6 %, respectively. The CVs of the matrix effect, a measure of the relative matrix effect for an analyte, at each concentration were 9.5 and 6.1 %, respectively. The mean values of recovery were 91.7 and 74.0 % and those of process efficiency were 80.6 and 66.3 % at 10 and 50 pg/20 mg hair, respectively. The range of concentration of THCCOOH from 94 authentic human hair was 0.1 ~ 15.7 pg/mg. This method was successfully applied in the analysis of authentic human hair samples. The developed method will be very useful for quantification of THCCOOH in hair in both legal and public health aspects. KEYWORDS 190 HAIR; THCCOOH; LC/MS/MS TX P-14 DETERMINATION OF BENZATROPINE IN HAIR BY GC/MS AFTER LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION (LLE) USING METHANOL AND PHOSPHATE BUFFER Abdulsallam Bakdash Forensic Chemistry, Faculty of Forensic Sciences / Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abstract: Benzatropine is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or involuntary movements due to the side effects of certain psychiatric drugs. We report in this study, results of a procedure for the determination of benzatropine in hair using LLE, once with methanol and second with phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), followed by filtration and then re-extraction with dichloromethane. A GC/MS method was developed and validated for this determination using selected ion monitoring (SIM) detection without derivatization. Linearity was established over the concentration range 0.120.0 ng/mg hair, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.99. Recoveries were 52.2% and 21.1% using methanol and phosphate buffer extraction, respectively. Detection limits of benzatropine in hair were between 0.65 and 3.0 ng/ mg hair, while the accuracy were 10.4% and 18.5% (RSD), respectively. We also applied this method in the analysis of soaked hair samples and demonstrated that the LLE using methanol meets the requirement for the analysis of benzatropine in hair. KEYWORDS HAIR ANALYSIS; BENZATROPINE; GC/MS AFSN WORKGROUP TRACE EVIDENCE TE P-2 THE CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRICAL TAPE EVIDENCE DATABASE IN CHINA Zhenwen Sun, Yangke Quan, Yuyou Sun, Hong Zhou, Ting Qiao, Yao Liu Trace Evidence Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China This study aimed to establish electrical tape evidence database for comparison and information retrieval. A total of 350 electrical tape samples were collected from 72 brands available in China market. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 physical and chemical parameters of electrical tapes can be excellent indicators for identifying the specific brand or manufacture. Electrical tape evidence database is helpful to provide directions and clues in crime scene investigation. KEYWORDS ELECTRICAL TAPE; DATABASE; PHYSICAL TESTING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS TE P-3 FORENSIC CLASSIFICATION AND CONNECTION OF COUNTERFEIT BANKNOTE PAPER BY LA-ICP-MS AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS METHODS: A CASE REPORT Hongling Guo1, Gao Ting2 , Quan Yangke1, Yin Baohua1, Shi Gaojun1 1 Trace Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China; 2 Criminal Science and Technology, China People’s Public Security University, Beijing, China The crime of counterfeit currency is one of the most serious problems in the world and has been bothering many countries since the emergence of currency. In China, it has been increased over years and had a terrible effect on economy development. The most widely used and effective way to examine counterfeit banknotes is by visual and physical comparison. But for materials to make counterfeit notes such as paper, printing ink or toner and half-product without a characteristic additional imitation of security features, other methods should be used to give enough information to identify if they come from the same source. This information is also very useful to connect cases through these materials and half-products. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is one of the best ways to examine paper samples, which meets the fast, nondestructive analysis requirements of trace paper samples or paper sample with ink on it. In this paper, 15 special paper samples used to make counterfeit banknotes were seized from 12 different cases happened in different provinces, China and analyzed by LA-ICP-MS. And the data were processed by multivariate techniques of cluster analysis and principle component analysis. All these paper samples were mainly classified into 6 groups. Eight separate cases were successfully connected by paper analysis. The results were verified by the suspects who sold this kind of paper and who used them to make counterfeit notes.vCOUNTERFEIT BANKNOTE PAPER; LA-ICP-MS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS 191 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) Five methods including physical testing and chemical analysis were employed to assess the characteristic parameters of electrical tape samples. (1) Thickness measurement of samples was performed on a coating thickness gauge without separating backing and adhesive. Replicate analyses were conducted on 3 different positions of each sample to confirm reproducibility of the data. Then mean value (Mean), standard deviation (SD), and relative standard deviation (RSD) of thickness were calculated and compared with each other. (2) Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analysis was used for determining the relative amounts of two main elements (Chloride and Calcium) in the backings. Samples with same color and different brands were discriminated by quantitative analysis of major elements (ratio of Cl to Ca). Replicate analyses were conducted on 3 different positions of each sample. (3) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) spectroscopy was carried out to analyze the trace elements in the backings. Qualitative analysis of trace elements (Mg, Al, Si, S, Ti, Ba, Pb, Sb) were performed to discriminate samples. (4) Both the adhesive and backing sides of samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) with Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) accessory without separating backing and adhesive. (5) Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PyGC/MS) method was used for analysis the component of adhesives. Samples can be distinguished by the kinds of pyrolysis products and can be further distinguished by the relative proportion of main pyrolysis products. The discrimination rate of each technique as well as the ability of several techniques combined was evaluated by data analysis. Samples with the same color were divided into different groups based on the qualitative data (including XRF, FT-IR and Py-GC/MS results). The between-sample comparisons of the quantitative data (relative amounts of Cl to Ca and thickness value) were tested by one-way ANOVA analysis. The evidential value of these techniques was investigated and characteristic parameters were determined based on their discrimination rates. The characteristic parameters are with high sensitivity, specificity, as well as stability. Electrical tape evidence database with comparison and retrieval function was constructed to systematically collate all of the sample information (including brand, manufacturer, models, country of origin, color) and characteristic parameters (including qualitative and quantitative parameters). The retrieval function of the database can be realized by searching of keywords of qualitative parameters and value of quantitative parameters. The range of quantitative parameters was confirmed by analysis of different samples of the same batch. It is concluded that the WFF2014 TE P-4 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) A TECHNIQUE TO VISUALIZE PATTERNS OF GUNSHOT RESIDUE FOR ESTIMATION OF SHOOTING DISTANCE: M-XRF Yiyi Li, Xinhe Ma, Xiaolin Wang Firearm Examination, Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security P.r.c., Beijin, China Millimeter-X-ray fluorescence analysis (m-XRF) is a nondestructive technique for visualization patterns of gunshot residues (GSRs). As the spot size of X-ray lies in the millimeter range, the m-XRF spectrometer is appropriate for mapping the residue patterns. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the m-XRF, a series of test shots, 5-100cm shooting distance, were prepared on cotton fabric with 7.62mm Model 1964 pistol. The result shows that this kind of method offers an easy way to record mappings of GSRs containing such elements not detectable by the common chemographic methods. And also, the m-XRF is adequate for the assessment of the residue patterns for shooting distance determination. SHOOTING DISTANCE ESTIMATION; GUNSHOT RESIDUES (GSRS); MILLINMETER-X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS(M-XRF) KEYWORDS scene investigators. Many investigators in China are poor trained that lead to low fingerprint collection rate at crime scenes in some areas. And now many investigators are reluctant to search fingermarks; they prefer DNA or CCTV footage instead. Proper training should be provided to these investigators on how to search, collect and develop fingermarks from crime scenes. The investigators should also know that DNA is complementary to fingerprint and CCTV footage is not always available, especially in the rural area. To improve the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) is one of the most important by not the last approaches. Currently there is not a national AFIS in China which seriously limit its full application. AFIS in China is built on provincial level and there are seven types of AFIS from different manufacturers in the total 31 provinces of mainland China. The cross-provincial fingerprint searches are managed by MPS via an assistant platform. However, the barriers among the seven manufactures still affect the indepth application of AFIS significantly. In order to solve the above problems, from 2005 the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) established a Central Management System to operate the cross-provincial search for the important suspects. In the meantime, MPS also initiated the work of accreditation of the provincial AFIS to eliminate the barriers among the different manufactures that makes the searches between any two provincial AFIS possible. The above measures have improve the AFIS effectively and a national AFIS plan is also being investigated now. TE P-5 FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA, WHERE TO GO? Rongliang Ma Fingerprint Section, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China The application of fingerprint in crime investigation in China is experiencing the pain of descending. Only in less than 10% cases can be found fingerprints at crime scenes recently. DNA and other ‘novel’ evidences become the favorable forensic evidences by investigators. So, where to go for fingerprint technology in China and what is the solution for this status? The first solution is to develop advanced fingerprint detection techniques. More sensitive techniques should be studied and applied in fingermark detection such as luminescent technology and nanotechnology. Chemical imaging and Raman mapping are also promising methods despite of their cost. It should be noted that many effective approaches have been invented in the past decade and they are gradually being studied and applied in China. The second solving method is more training for crime 192 KEYWORDS FINGERPRINT; DETECTION; AFIS TE P-6 THE FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF CHARRED DOCUMENTS BASED ON THE THERMALGRAVIMETRY TECHNIQUE Da Qin, Xingzhou Han, Zihan Guo, Hongguang Hao Department of Questioned Document Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Mps, Beijing, China In questioned-document examination area, charred document is a burned paper or paper fragments that contains message. The examination of fire-charred documents and deciphering the writing thereon is important for gaining information. It demands a careful application of certain scientific methods and techniques because of its unstable nature, not generally known or used in the profession of document examination. Also the paper burning mechanism is essential in this subject. Here, thermalgravimetry (TG) is applied to investigate WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 10 kinds of paper. The results show that dehydration and depolymerisation are the two main pathways of paper cellulose in the burning process. The shapes of curves are similar, but vary depending physical and chemical composition of paper. The results are the fundamentals of the examination and deciphering the charred documents. TE P-7 THE RESEARCH ON THE VALUE OF THE HANDWRITING FEATURES BY REPEATED IMITATED CHINESE ART SIGNATURE Haiqian Yan, Da Qin, Xinzhou Han, Xiaoguang Wang, Hongguang Hao Department of Questioned Document Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Mps, Beijing, China Chinese art signature is more and more popular in China, especially in commercial area. Also the cases appear that writer imitates handwriting to forge signature. To study the examination of art signatures is essential for Chinese handwriting analysis. In this experiment, two Chinese art signatures were designed and 120 experimenters with different occupations, ages and writing levels were asked to practice and copy the signatures. After 100th imitation, the imitated signatures were analyzed to find the handwriting feature rules. The results show that for this kinds of signature, some handwriting features, including the finishing stroke of signature and the writing strength et al, are more valuable than other features. QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION; CHINESE ART SIGNATURE; IMITATION KEYWORDS TE P-8 THE TRANSFER AND PERSISTENCE OF THE FIBERS ON HANDS AFTER WASHING Aleum Han, Sojung Kim, Dasom Son, Heewon Min, Sungwook Hong Graduate School of Forensic Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea (South) To find out the characteristic of fiber transfer on living subjects, we set an experiment for ten different subjects, KEYWORDS FIBER; TRANSFER; PERSISTENCE TE P-9 THE STUDY FOR SUBCLASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRING PIN MARKS BY MODEL QSZ92 CAL.9MM PISTOL Xiaolin Wang, Yiyi Li, Xinhe Ma Firearms, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, P.r.c, Beijing, China Subclass characteristics is a kind of random marks in manufacture process. It should be distinguished from both individual characteristics and class characteristics by examiners when dealing with the identification. The paper studies the subclass characteristics of firing pin marks by Model QSZ92 cal.9mm Pistol. Through examining and comparing the firing pin marks by ten similarly consecutively manufactured firing pins of Model QSZ92 cal.9mm Pistol, it comes to the conclusion that circumferential tool marks on the surface of the firing pins, which caused by a lathe-turning process, belongs to a kind of subclass characteristics, and this kind of marks should not be wholly reliable for identification to a specific firearm. KEYWORDS SUBCLASS CHARACTERISTICS; FIRING 193 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) KEYWORDS QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION; CHARRED DOCUMENT; THERMALGRAVIMETRY 5 males and 5 females. Each subject closed and opened a handgrip, covered by red cotton T-shirts, for ten times consecutively, thus total number of collected experimental data is one hundred. The results of the experiment show that the minimum number of transferred fibers is 301 and the maximum number of transferred fibers is 2, 350 (mean 723.76 ±71.38). And then, to know whether the transferred fibers would be persisted after washing hands, the subjects washed their hands with water in a basin and dried with a paper hand towel. Interestingly, the result of the fiber persistence experiment shows that the transferred fibers still present on the hands, even though the subjects washed their hands. We counted the persisted fibers on subjects’ hands from 7 to 195 (mean 35.14 ±5.35). The persisted fibers ratio was 5.47%, and the difference in rate of fibers to males and females was not significant at the 5% level. The result of the experiment is the contrary result to the common belief, ‘after washing hands, fibers would not be persisted on the hands.’ This result clearly shows that the fiber evidence is still valuable even victim/suspect washes their hands before evidence collection. WFF2014 PIN MARKS; MODEL QSZ92 CAL.9MM PISTOL TE P-10 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) THE EVIDENTIAL VALUE OF COLOURED STAPLES IN FORENSIC EXAMINATION Wan Yee Soong, Grace Miao' En Wong, Alaric Chin Wai Koh, Yihua Li, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore In Singapore, drug trafficking is a serious offence and may result in death penalty. Forensic examination is usually carried out to establish linkages between the drug packages and suspects. A case involving drug packages sealed with coloured staples was encountered and examination was carried out to associate the coloured staples on the drug packages to staples found at the suspect’s house. The coloured coating on staples and manufacturing marks on the underside of staple strips were examined to establish linkages between the questioned staples and the known staples. At this moment, associations using the coloured coating on staples have not been reported in any forensic literature. Hence, there is a need to perform studies to determine the evidential value of such coloured staples. This project explores the possibility of establishing association using a combination of the coloured coating and the manufacturing marks on staples. Different brands of coloured staples, and similar brands obtained from different sources were examined, and comparison of their physical characteristics, chemical compositions and manufacturing marks on the staples will be presented. S TA P L E S ; C O L O U R E D C O AT I N G ; MANUFACTURING MARKS KEYWORDS TE P-11 RESEARCH ON THE EXAMINATION OF CONTINUOUS OF LASER PRINTED DOCUMENTS Xingzhou Han1, Da Qin2 , Jiantong Huang1, Xiaoguang Wang2 , Zihan Guo2 1 Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Pelople's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China; 2Questioned Document Examination Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security, China, Beijing, China Identification of the continuity of laser printed documents 194 is much more important and growing demand in our daily working. There are no mature examination methods to resolve this problem all over the world. Toner component analysis can indentify two pieces of documents when used different types of toners, but could not indentify if they are printed by the same printer and toners. Nowadays, the organic photoconductive drums are used in laser printer, which is easily be breakdown by laser or scratched by other devices, papers, etc. And the trace point will be exit on the drum and can be printed on the paper regularly. The distance of the two points on the paper equal to the diameter of the drum. This paper mainly studies the relationship of the distance and the continuity as the research object to HP Laser P1106. In the experiment, printed 500 pages continuously, measure the distance(hn下) of the lowermost point to the bottom of page n and the distance(h(n+1)上) of the top point to the top of page n+1, and calculate the “d”, which is equal to hn下+ h(n+1) 上. We gain the conclusion that if the two papers are printed continuously, d presents certain rules:when hn下<=4.5cm, d in the range interval [3.4, 10.6].when hn下 in the interval [10, 76), d in the range interval[78, 88.1].We can conclude that this method is very useful to indentify the continuous laser printing, and is much more useful to negative. KEYWORDS LASER PRINTED DOCUMENT; CONTINUOUS PRINTED ; EXAMINATION TE P-12 A NEW METHOD OF ALTERED HANDWRITING EXAMINATION: ACCUMULATIVE WRITING PIGMENT AROUND THE PAPER FIBERS Jiantong Huang, Xingzhou Han, Wei Han Institute of Forensic Science, Pelople's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China Different writing tools can make different stroke marks on the paper, and the marks can be a huge difference especially written by different people. The stroke formation reflects its writing actions (pen lift, movement, pen pause) through the pigments of the writing tools. As we all know, paper is made of fibers, which is disorganized and all directions. When the pen is moving on the paper, the nib will be stopped by the fibers from time to time, and the pigments will be accumulated in one side of the fibers. Due to the accumulate pigments patterns, we can identify the running direction of the writing tools. This paper mainly introduced the examination methods of altered handwriting through microscopic observation test of the pigments accumulate WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 pattern. In this experiment, different writing tools, such as pen, gel pen, brush pen, pencil and fiber pen, etc are used. Observe the pigments accumulate patterns to judge the writing direction and identify the handwriting or the strokes are altered or not. We can conclude that this method is very useful to test the questioned handwriting or strokes are altered or not. KEYWORDS LIGHTER FLINT RESIDUE; SEM/EDS; TRACE EVIDENCE TE P-13 PARTICLE ANALYSIS OF LIGHTER FLINT RESIDUE AND COMPARISON WITH THE GUNSHOT RESIDUE(GSR) PARTICLES USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY/ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROMETRY(SEM/EDS) TE P-14 DISCUSSION ON THE EFFECTION OF DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY IN THE DETERMINATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE IN SWEAT LATENT FINGERMARKS Won-Seok Park1, Jae-Hoon Cha1, Chung-Hyun Jeon2 1 Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Scientific Investigation Team, Naval Military Police Group, Chungnam, Korea (South) Ting Zhang, Xueguo Chen Department of Forensic Chemistry, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China The purpose of this study is to establish the analytical method of lighter flint residue using scanning electron microscopy/ energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry(SEM/EDS), and to achieve such end inorganic gunshot residue(GSR) analytical method was applied in the study. According to the established method, four lighters purchased from local stores were used to produce flint residue in this experiment, which was collected to be compared with the component with respect to the making companies. Also, lighter flint residue was compared to inorganic gunshot residue particles collected from major firearms of the Korea(South) and rubber-bullet revolver, one that is used to suppress demonstrations. The results reveal that all lighters detected the flint residue in the experiment. Most of the lighter flint residue particles are spheroidal. we have confirmed lanthanum, cerium, iron as the major elemens of lighter flint residue and magnesium, neodymium, zinc, copper as the minor elements. The elemental composition detected in flint residues can be classified into three classes: La/Ce/Fe, La/Ce/Fe/Nd, and La/Ce/Fe/Cu. We have confirmed through EDS mapping that lighter flint residue, different from GSR particles, is mixed metal and thus lanthanum, cerium and iron are evenly combined. The detection of spheroidal particles containing iron, lanthanum and cerium provides a way to identify lighter flint residues. These characteristic residues can be used as As a typical kind of abused drug, methamphetamine has been abused all over the world in recent years. Drug abusing can bring various social problems, and the testing of abused drugs is usually performed with laboratory investigation of urine. However, the collection of urine is inconvenient and has the risks of alternation or adulteration. At present, novel alternative matrices, such as sweat, saliva, hair, fingernail and exhaled breath have been received more attention in forensic science. Fingerprints have been regarded as an important role in forensic science because of the unique skin ridges pattern and many compounds could be found in skin ridges and grooves. Many kinds of excreted and deposited endogenous and exogenous compounds can be found in sweat latent fingerprint contains, such as lactate, urea, amino acids, explosive residues and abused drugs. Therefore, the analysis of abused drugs in fingermarks deposits has wide worthy and prospect in forensic science and medical science areas. In the present study, the comparison of the effect of development technology to the detection of methamphetamine in latent fingermark was discussed. Volunteers who had contacted with methamphetamine powder were asked to leave fingermarks on clean glasses, and then these fingermarks were developed with six development methods, including five powder scrub development methods 195 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) KEYWORDS ALTERED HANDWRITING EXAMINATION; ACCUMULATIVE WRITING PIGMENT; WRITING TOOLS trace evidence in crime cases where the linkage between a lighter user and another persons or places is to be established. And this study would be helpful in determining whether a victim committed suicide or was murdered by collecting evidence from lighter flint residue in carbon monoxide poisoning cases in the Republic of Korea's military. Furthermore, since the elemental profile of lighter flint residues is totally different from that of GSR, the lighter flint residues would not affect the identification of gunshot residue at all. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) WFF2014 and a polybutyl cyanoacrylate fume display method, then the fingerprints were smeared with wetting cotton wipes and dissolved with methanol, the detections were performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) after ultrasonic extracting of the samples. The results showed that drug quantity on the fingermarks treated by six development methods including powder scrub and polybutyl cyanoacrylate fume display were all reduced comparing with those untreated fingermarks, but the effecting was very weak to the quality detection. Furthermore, the method mentioned in this paper could obtain chemical information of abused drugs from the sweat deposited within a fingerprint, and it is a novel research area in analytical toxicology and fingerprints of forensic science. Moreover, it is also very suitable for the describing and monitoring of drug traffic behavior. LATENT FINGERPRINT; DEVELOPMENT; METHAMPHETAMINE KEYWORDS and the method, through the consult massive correlation data, the accident scene record, inquired handled a case the personnel to understand the familiar many illustrative cases, carries on the scene trace examination appraisal method the classification, compiles, mainly from vehicles traces (bicycle trace, vehicle trace), human body traces (pate trace, upper limb department trace, lower limb department trace) and other traces (path trace, image material trace, psychological trace) three big trace aspects have carried on the analysis, the elaboration to this question, the reproduction accident scene, determined the non-motor vehicle as the vehicle and in the non-motor vehicle traffic accident the travel condition to provide the method and the mentality, enhanced the accuracy and the fairness which the traffic accident responsibility recognized. KEYWORDS TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; TRACE; TRAVEL CONDITION TE P-16 TE P-15 ANALYSIS ON TRAVEL CONDITION OF NONVEHICLE IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENT Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, 83 Tawan Str. Huanggu Dist. Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China, China In recent years, the tendency of our country's road traffic accident quantity and the casualty rose year-by-year, in which the accident outstandingly which bumped into by the vehicle and the non-motor vehicle creates. According to our country new traffic-law aspect stipulation, when the traffic accident occurs, determining the non-motor vehicle’s travel condition is especially important, which requests that the accident responsibility division has the science, fair appraisal methods. This article has summarized the domestic and foreign traffic accident’s present situations and analyzed the difference reason about the travel conditions of non-motor vehicle from three aspects. As bicycle is convenient, quickly, therefore, this article take developed the quick bicycle to induce the non-motor vehicle travel characteristic as the example, from had the contact collision vehicle, the non-motor vehicle, the human three aspect micro material interchange and the superficial attachment extraction, the examination, provided had recognized the suspicion vehicles the basis 196 STUDY THE TRAFFIC ACCIDENT LIABILITY TO THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPENSATION Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, 83 Tawan Str. Huanggu Dist. Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China, China In this article, the liability attributable to road traffic accident attributable to a matter of principle, combined with modern theory of civil law for compensation to compensation and to establish he for different situations apply the attribution of the main responsibilities of the different imputation principles and road damages cases and responsibility In the form put forward their own point of view, a reasonable analysis of there responsibility of the responsible party and the injured party, and finds no fault of both sides, highlighting of both parties in the use of what law responsibility and role of road traffic accident in the respective fault of the principle of compensation rules compensation. Principle of road traffic accidents are now used in china to conduct a comprehensive analysis of and ask questions, problem perfect of imputation system for the future of accident liability development and reform build. Strive to make the principle of accident compensation system is even more perfect road traffic accident compensation principle applied research summarize and improve the road traffic accident damages attributable to the practical application of the principle in handing a WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 traffic accident in the system on the basis of analysis of the and make recommendations to improve police handing the accident the police are now use the traffic accident liability principle scientific process. KEYWORDS TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; LIABILITY PRINCIPLE; COMPENSATION THE STUDY OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING EXPERIMENTAL ON CHANGED HANDWRITING WRITTEN BY BLACK GEL PEN Wei Han, Jiangtong Huang, Yusheng Zhang Intitution of Forensic Science, People's Public Security University of China, BeiJing, China The black gel pen is especially widely used in the signing of important documents. There are more and more changed handwriting written by black gel pen in all kinds of civil disputes and criminal cases involving. This work provides a non-destructive, convenient and effective testing method to identify the added or altered handwriting by black gel pens. The inspection process is conducted by spectral imaging technique and resistance measurement examination, and the changed handwritings made by black gel pens with different types of pigments are classified, showing that spectral imaging technique is able to identify different types of gel pens but partially carbon black, changed handwriting by carbonaceous ink can be classified and identified by resistance measurement examination. The spectral imaging technique and resistance measurement examination can be used to identify the changed handwriting with the advantages of the convenient preparation of sample and the easy and fast operation of instrument measurement. KEYWORDS QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS; BLACK GEL PEN; CHANGED HANDWRITING TE P-18 APPLYING HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPTLC) AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY IN COMBINATION WITH PAPER CHARACTERISTIC MEASURMENTS TO DETECT AGING DOCUMENT Hoang Hung Institute of Forensic Science, research team, Hanoi, Vietnam KEYWORDS QUESTIONED DOCUMENT, PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC, PAPER; PIGMENTS, REMAINING SOLVENTS, HIGH PERFORMANCE THINLAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; HPTLC, RAMAN TE P-19 THE DISCRIMINATION FOR CULTIVATION CONDITION OF GINSENG USING STABLE ISOTOPES Kiwook Kim1, Younghoon Jo, Joohyun Song1, Jinhee Lee1, 2 , Inwoo Lee, Jisook Min1 1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchun-ro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea; 2Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea Ginseng is highly esteemed in Korea as an oriental medicine for protection against numerous diseases and illnesses. Ginsengs are cultivated for up to six years before the harvest in autumn (usually October). Thus the price of ginsengs is highly estimated. It happens very often that Ginsengs are stolen in harvest season. Sometimes, cheap ginsengs were suspected as stolen products and they come to this forensic lab for comparing. For this study, 12 regions were selected on the basis of Korea regional criteria (si, gun, gu), and three ginseng-farms were randomly selected in each of the 15 regions and then, three or four ginseng-fields were chosen in the selected ginseng-farms, and the last, two or three samples of ginseng were dug up within each of the ginseng-fields. And then collected ginseng samples were analyzed for the isotopic composition of the elements H, N, C and O. As the results, the stable isotope value gave a reasonable differentiation by 197 AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) TE P-17 Nowadays in Vietnam there are a lot of cases required detecting aging document. Physical characteristics of paper determined were mass of paper (g/m2), whiteness (ISO, %), opacity (%), Bekk smoothness (second), air permeability (ml/ min) and thickness (mm). Pigments of ink and it’s remaining solvents were examinated and identified in high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) with different solvent systems. The absorption substance is Silicagel 60 F254 made by Merck, while the intensity and area of pigment traces were evaluated with support of CAMAG instruments. The pigments and remaining ink solvents were also compared by Raman Spectroscopy (IR and Raman Nicolet 6700, NXR FT-Raman Module of Thermo Finnigun). Using the above methods and instruments, different black ballpoint inks occuring in different times on the same sheet of paper were differentiated and aging of document was determinated. WFF2014 the regional groups. Therefore, it is considered that the stable isotope analysis could be a powerful tool to discriminate the regional origin of Korea ginseng in South Korea. AFSN WORKGROUP WORKSHOP Oct 12 (Sun) ~ Oct 14 (Tue) TE P-20 DETERMINATION OF MULTI-ELEMENTS IN FORENSIC HUMAN HAIR BY LA-ICP-MS Daejun An, Yurim Jang, Hyunkyung Joo, Myungduck Kim, Jisook Min Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchun-ro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea The hair has been analyzed in a variety of fields such as environmental and nutritional researches, etc. Especially, the crucial and individual information in forensic science was determined by DNA analysis in the hair samples having root. However, the forensic hairs with root were not easy to gather form crime scene. We tried to evaluate analysis method for determining multi-elements in forensic human hair strands at least 3cm, in order to obtain useful information from the hair without root. Hair samples were collected from three volunteers on same collection date. The collected hair was washed according to IAEA 50 procedure and single hair strands were attached one by one at double sided adhesive tape. The 61 trace elements were determined by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). 34S was proposed as an internal standard and used for normalization of elemental intensity. Three types of certified reference materials (IAEA085, IAEA086, NIES No.13) were used as the pellet form. We wanted to confirme whether this method can be used as an alternative tool of identification without good results from DNA analysis or not. We also wanted to get much more information about the hair owner’s life condition such as sex, smoking habit and occupation, etc. TE P-21 THE DISCRIMINATION OF BALLPOINT PEN INKS ON OFFICE PAPER USING LA-ICP-MS Sangchul Heo1, Jinhee Lee1, 2 , Geammun Nam1, Jisook Min1 1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Ipchun-ro 10, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea; 2 Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea The differentiation of ballpoint pen inks (black and blue) written on documents through an LA-ICP-MS methodology is proposed. A4 white office paper containing ink strokes 198 from ballpoint pens of known origin were cut and measured without any sample preparation. In a first step, Mg, Ca and Sr were proposed as internal standards and used in order to normalize elemental intensities and subtract background signals from the paper. Then, specific criteria were designed and employed to identify target elements which resulted independent of the IS chosen in most of the cases and allowed a qualitative clustering of the samples. In a second step, a normalization data based on the targets previously identified was used to obtain mass independent intensities and perform pairwise comparisons by means of statistical analyses. This treatment improved the discrimination power (DP) and provided objective results, achieving a complete differentiation among different brands and a partial differentiation within pen inks from the same brands. The designed data treatment, together with the use of statistical tools, represents an easy and useful tool for differentiating among ballpoint pen inks, with hardly sample destruction and without the need for methodological calibrations, being its use potentially advantageous from a forensicpractice standpoint. The results show that black ballpoint pens of 25 samples and blue ball point pens of 14 samples available on the local market were successfully discriminated and identified. IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE KL 00 NEW HORIZON IN FORENSIC SCIENCES WITH KOREA Shinmong Kang Forensic Medicine, Catholic University, Koera The field of forensic science in Korea has a long history. Forensic examinations have been used to establish causes of death since the Joseon Dynasty era hundreds of years ago. Even in their initial stages of use, the methods were very scientific in their approach. Although there have been many advances in forensic science since, it was only some decades ago that contemporary techniques were introduced to forensic investigation. It is no exaggeration to say that the history of forensic science in Korea has come hand-in-hand with the history of the National Forensic Service - the only official forensic appraisal institution in the country. The National Forensic Service, the one and only comprehensive forensic science institution in Korea, was created in 1955. The headquarters moved to Wonju last year, and they are now busy preparing for their 2015 60th anniversary celebrations.. The National Forensic Service includes a Forensic Science department and Central Medical Examiners’ Office including 10 divisions and 34 sections. In addition, there are five local branch institutions throughout Seoul, Daejeon, Busan, Daegu, and Gwangju. Approximately 350 specialists are currently working for the National Forensic Service, handling over 3 hundred thousand cases annually. In the face of international high profile or mass disasters, the National Forensic Service cooperates closely with institutions overseas. Some examples of cases in which cooperation has been paramount include the Southeast Asian tsunami of 2004 which caused an estimated three hundred thousand casualties, and the infanticide which took place in the village of Seorae in Korea in 2006. In this way, the international exchange of forensic information and technology in modern times is becoming a more pressing and important issue Korea has established an exemplary system in forensic science while developing various professional methods in criminal investigation. Students of forensic science from abroad continually come to Korea to study and learn from our forensic technologies and techniques, in fields such as fingerprinting, personal identification, and laboratory operation. We are eager and willing to work with you also. Through combining our forces and knowledge in this international symposium, we hope to contribute to a crime-free world. We very much hope to make greater efforts toward new advances in the field of forensic science, and we look forward to us working together. Thank you everyone for being here today. 201 WFF OPENING CEREMONY & WELCOME RECEPTION Oct 14 (Tue) Korea’s forensic investigation systems and techniques have taken rapid strides over the past 60 years. Many institutions relating to forensic science have been established, and various new research and developments are being carried out in each field. Korea now has several representative forensic science institutions, including the National Forensic Service, National Police Agency, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, and Ministry of National Defence. The National Forensic Service is a leading-edge appraisal institution in forensic science. The Supreme Prosecutors’ Office is in charge of several aspects of the field, including DNA profiling. The National Police Agency is a major center for scientific crime scene investigations, and the Ministry of National Defence has its own forensic research laboratory handling cases within the military. WFF2014 KL 01 CHALLENGES AND TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCES Alastair Ross Director, National Institute of Forensic Science, Australia IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) Forensic science is essentially a service provider to the courts, with a single case focus and information provided by a siloed series of disciplines. Forensic science is also a relatively expensive service for consumers in an environment of shrinking budgets and calls for productivity gains. Therefore, as a community we need to position ourselves so that we are offering greater value for money. We need to give thought to where the forensic sciences are positioned if we view them from the perspective of a traditional market product life cycle and identify the risks and barriers to service efficiency. Forensic science can effectively operate in three streams: the intelligence stream, a multi-case approach aimed at crime disruption and crime prevention, the investigative stream where early results can assist in focusing an investigation, and the court stream, a single case approach with products of evidence of fact and opinion evidence. For a number of reasons, the court stream is currently the default stream. It could be argued that, to realise its full potential and ultimately provide more value to society, forensic science needs to position itself so that it is providing a multi stream, efficient service on a regular basis. 202 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KL 02 THE BRIDGE TO THE PATH FORWARD Peter Neufeld INNOCENCE PROJECT, USA 203 IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) The 2009 publication of the National Academy of Sciences report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward, was a turning point for the criminal justice system and forensic science in the United States. Forensic science had long been treated as the jurisdiction of the legal/criminal justice community, developing within law enforcement and largely removed from the scientific support of the academic research community. It has become clear that the practice of forensic science cannot be cloistered exclusively in either community. Rather, the two worlds must be actively engaged and integrated. This integration raises a tension as science and law use their spheres of influence to define and utilize forensic science differently. The need to build a bridge between science and law was evident in the discord between the two forces that surfaced in the efforts to develop legislation to address the recommendations of the National Academies report, the creation of a National Commission on Forensic Science (NCFS), the creation of the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the review of thousands of microscopic hair comparison cases at the Federal Bureau of Investigation. These advancements illustrate the reality that science and law must not only be complimentary, but their intersection must be understood in a way that leverages the best from both communities. In the United States, unvalidated and improper forensic science contributed to approximately half of the 316 DNA exonerations to date. However, the principles of science are global and uniform. Any effort to improve the forensic scientific infrastructure benefits all countries as we strive towards the universal goal of making the investigation and adjudication of criminal cases more accurate and more just. WFF2014 KL 03 THE PROSPECTIVE FUTURE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE Pierre Margot School of forensic science, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) Forensic science has had a chequered existence throughout the 20th Century following various models from a police identification science to a business test provider laboratory in recent years. It has also moved from an administrative registrar of habitual criminals to an evaluative science for courts, sometimes hostage of sides to a dispute, sometimes as a Court advisor. This has lead to an identity crisis that many forensic scientists fail to recognise. Science is the foundation of forensic science but is the basis of many different professions leading to different applications. The identification of the different professions does help understand the place forensic science may take in society from criminal policy to social health and in an administrative, investigative or evaluative role. A humanist and holistic approach is more necessary than ever in a time of control, standards and accreditation. We are at a time when decisions may help build tomorrow’s forensic science and outline the different professions it entails. 204 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KL 04 DOUGLAS M. LUCAS MEDAL AWARD LECTURE - FORENSIC SCIENCES AND HUMAN RIGHTS Duarte Nuno Vieira University of Coimbra, Portugal 205 IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948 by the UN General Assembly, was one of the most important civilizational steps in human history. It proclaims the basic rights and freedoms that are deemed inalienable and essential foundations for human mankind. Subsequent international, regional and national conventions and declarations have outlined in more detail basic civil, political, economic, cultural, and social rights of individuals and of special groups, such as children, women, elder, or the imprisoned. Every human being enjoys fundamental human rights without any discrimination, rights that transcend national boundaries, political systems, ideologies and cultures, and hold no regard for race, language, religion, or other belief. Unfortunately, in many countries of the world human rights have been, and continue to be, violated. While violations of human rights wherever they occur, should be a concern of all peoples, forensic experts can play a very special role in their defense. Using their technical and analytic skills, they can provide proper investigation, analysis and documentation of human rights violations and give a very significant contribution in detection, reporting and prevention of these kind of events, as well as in assuring that those responsible will be held accountable for their action. Situations like torture, gender based violence, domestic violence, child abuse, elderly abuse, human trafficking, sexual abuses and exploitation, war crimes, mass disasters, disposal of dead, identification of living and dead, are just some examples, amongst many others, of human rights violations in which forensic sciences can play an essential role as a fundamental tool of justice. The author presents some examples of what is today known as humanitarian forensic sciences. WFF2014 KL 05 IAFS ADELAIDE MEDAL AWARD-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MOBILITY SOLUTIONS – HOW DO WE MANAGE EFFECTIVELY IN THE INFORMATION AGE? IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) Michael Raymond The NSW Police Force, Australia Law Enforcement personnel tell us that Forensic Science should be ‘Quicker and Cheaper’ but not at the expense of Reliability and Accuracy! The management of Information/Intelligence harvested from the crime scene, that is, at the point of collection, is the key. The question is how to triage all the potential evidence in the field prior to the subsequent laboratory and courtroom processes in a way that: Meets all the ‘fit for purpose’ standards without compromising laboratory ‘gold standard’ analysis; Minimises duplication; Doesn’t compromise Work, Health & Safety and ‘Duty of Care’ obligations; Can provide a range of biometrics for fast and remote matching against relevant intelligence databases; Provides sufficiently quick but reliable results to feed into and influence the early stages of an investigation; and Can withstand a later robust challenge in court if required? Mobile technology is providing both the criminal justice system and criminals with new opportunities and new challenges. This paper seeks to help put a futuristic spotlight on some of the potential elements of the Symposium thematic, that is, the ‘New Horizon in Forensic Sciences’. 206 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KL 06 IAFS 2005 HONG KONG FORENSIC FOUNDATION LECTURE - THE GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE Douglas H. Ubelaker Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. USA Forensic science truly represents a global academic field yet relatively little is known about variation of practice in different countries. This presentation reports on a survey of practitioners regarding their forensic work in 28 countries from around the world. The participating 63 scientists provide a wealth of information regarding the following major themes: history, political context, academic linkages, facility development, types of cases, structure, problematic cases, integration, recruitment/training, funding, technology, disaster preparedness, legal issues, research and future directions. Although many common concerns and patterns were revealed, the project also identified areas of variation that reflect the unique histories and local factors involved. A surprise finding was the powerful role of problematic cases as stimuli for progress. Results summarized in this address subsequently will be reported in a forthcoming book to be published by Wiley/Blackwell to inaugurate a new AAFS sponsored book series “Forensic Science in Focus”. IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) 207 WFF2014 KL 07 IAFS 2011 MADEIRA AWARD LECTURE - THE APPLICATION OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY TO HUMAN RIGHT INVESTIGATIONS, NEW DIRECTIONS Luis Fondebrider Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (EAAF), Argentina IAFS KEYNOTE LECTURE Oct 15 (Wed) For the last 30 years, more than 40 countries from Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe and Asia Pacific, had decided to investigate a past of political, ethnic and/or religious violence. The need to find the remains of people disappeared during the violence, to exhume them from graves and to identify the bodies, it became a key element for national and international courts, truth commissions and UN commissions of inquiry. In that context, different scientific disciplines played am important role, as forensic archaeology and anthropology. Along this 30 years, those specialities had to adapat heir traditional role to another one more complex, with cultural and religious challenges for the investigators. This presentation will explore how this investigation had developed during the last years, with an special emphasis in identification processes. 208 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 01 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) SS 01-1 DEATH INVESTIGATION IN MARYLAND. AN OVERVIEW OF A MODERN UNITED STATES MEDICOLEGAL SYSTEM FROM CONCEPTION TO PRESENT TIME. David Fowler Department of Health State of Maryland, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Baltimore, United States 211 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) The office of the Chief Medical Examiner is the agency responsible for all death investigations in the state of Maryland that meet certain requirements as defined by law. This presentation will cover a brief history of death investigation in the US and the difference between the US coroner and medical examiner systems using Maryland as an example. This agency was the first statewide Medical Examiner system in the US. It currently serves a population of 6 million citizens in 23 counties and the city of Baltimore. This is a mixed urban and rural population with a diverse infrastructure involving all aspects of modern economics from agriculture, industry, education, advanced health care, and technology research and development. This challenges the 80 full-time and 120 part-time staff at OCME with a wide range of death circumstances. The office investigates  more than 10,000 deaths a year and performs more than 4,000 autopsies. The presentation will cover the OCME death investigation system as well as the modern 11 000m2 facility with 22 autopsy stations split between BSL2 and BSL3 autopsy rooms, laboratories, radiology facility, teaching facilities and other support functions. The OCME recognizes a primary responsibility to the public’s health in Maryland. To support this and other data management requirement, the OCME has developed a custom in-house data system that functions at many levels. It provides classic case management capacity, but also has enhanced workflow capacity. To assist the many partners in public health, law enforcement, research, and the general public, there are many automated data dissemination tools to insure the rapid delivery of pertinent data to the appropriate authority. These data are disseminated automatically to law enforcement, transplant resource organizations, and local and state public health departments in real time. As events occur and deaths are reported, the system will automatically identify certain cases that may be of interest to officials in different departments. Detailed emails are sent out to many agencies on a case-specific basis. These are then subsequently followed by collated data at regular intervals. This allows officials to react to developing situations and to also do long-term evaluations of disease processes and injuries. The OCME has developed a significant reputation for training and education from law enforcement to medical practitioners. One of the law enforcement training programs has been in effect since the 1950s catering to homicide detectives. OCME has a forensic pathology fellowship program and also serves five local medical schools for general pathology residency. There is a constant stream of overseas visiting scholars, many of whom spend up to one year studying and doing research at OCME. A new training program in Forensic Medicine has been developed which is a dual master program in partnership with the China University of Political science and Law from Beijing China. The first class will start in 2016. This presentation will include a brief overview of each of the above areas. WFF2014 SS 01-2 FORENSIC RADIOLOGY OR VIRTOPSY – GOING TO NEW HORIZONS IN FORENSICS Michael Thali Forensics, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Virtopsy began at the turn of the millennium as multi-disciplinary applied research project to implement imaging modalities from diagnostic radiology and surveying technology in forensic sciences. Since then, the Virtopsy approach has become a standard procedure in forensic investigations. Today, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, optical 3D surface scanning, and 3D photogrammetry are routinely used to detect and document forensic evidence in a minimally-invasive and observer-independent manner in both the living and the deceased. Virtopsy can enhance traditional autopsy or even replace it in selected cases. One of the main benefits of imaging lies in the observer-independent documentation of forensically relevant findings. In addition, digital imaging data can be stored permanently and may be re-examined at any time if a second opinion is required. In living patients, Virtopsy permits the documentation of patterned injuries such as bite marks, bruises, lacerations, and abrasions. Documentation is made in three dimensions, true to scale, and enables comparison of injuries to potential injury causing instruments. Virtopsy provides in the court excellent tools for crime and accident reconstruction, including 3D depictions of internal injuries, 3D true color representations of surface injuries and even 3D scaled models of entire crime scenes and events. The Virtopsy approach reproduces critical forensic evidence in an unbiased and comprehensible fashion, suitable for presentation as evidence to laypersons and legal professionals. 212 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 01-3 AUTOPSY BIOSAFETY AND THE DESIGN OF A BIOSAFETY LEVEL-3 MEDICAL EXAMINER AUTOPSY FACILITY Kurt Nolte Departments of Pathology and Radiology, Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA 213 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Biosafety refers to the safe handling of infectious microorganisms and potentially hazardous biological materials. Biosafety is based the principles of containment and risk assessment. Containment refers to the safe methods used to manage infectious materials in a laboratory environment. The purpose of containment is to protect laboratory workers, other persons outside the laboratory, and the external environment from exposure to potentially hazardous agents. Containment is created through facility design, safety equipment, and laboratory policies and practices. Risk assessment is the process of selecting appropriate microbiological practices, safety equipment, and facility design characteristics that can prevent laboratory-associated infections. Risk assessment is based on the hazardous characteristics of agents (e.g., capability to infect and cause disease, virulence, and the availability of effective treatments), the hazardous characteristics of laboratory procedures (e.g. generation of infectious aerosols), and the potential hazards associated with work practices, safety equipment and facility safeguards (e.g., training and functioning of biosafety cabinets). Some of the decedents evaluated by forensic pathologists have died from infectious diseases of public health concern (e.g., influenza, tuberculosis and plague).  Unfortunately, forensic pathologists often don’t know which cases have infectious diseases and, if they suspect an infection based on antemortem symptoms and clinical presentation, they usually don’t know the specific organism. It is clear that autopsy poses risks to prosectors within the laboratory and to other individuals outside the immediate autopsy laboratory environment. Studies of British clinical laboratories have demonstrated that the highest rates of laboratory acquired infections occur in autopsy prosectors. Autopsy-transmitted infections can potentially occur through percutaneous inoculation and inhalation of infectious droplets and aerosols. Using the process developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health, one can conduct a risk assessment for workers performing medicolegal autopsies. Forensic autopsy prosectors are potentially and unpredictably exposed to a variety of infectious organisms including hepatitis B and C viruses, HIV and M. tuberculosis. Hazardous autopsy laboratory procedures include the use of sharp objects (needles and scalpels), dissecting and encountering unexpected sharp objects (broken bone and glass, deformed projectiles), and the genesis of aerosols from dissection, aspiration of fluid, washing tissues with water, and dividing tissues with an oscillating saw. The combination of exposure to both blood borne and airborne pathogens from procedures that can cause cutaneous inoculation and inhalation of aerosols indicates that human autopsies should be performed at Biosafety Level-3. After conducting a risk assessment, the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator participated in the design and construction of a completely Biosafety Level-3 medical examiner autopsy facility with 16 work stations. Containment was achieved through a concentric ring design and access control at interface zones. Personnel were designated to work inside or outside the Biosafety Level-3 laboratory but could only transition to other laboratory zones through the controlled interfaces. WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 02 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) SS 02-1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN FORENSIC DNA IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) John M. Butler Office of Special Programs, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States Standards aid consistency and quality when measurements are made and forensic evidence is interpreted. Documentary standards are used to help define written procedures used to perform testing. Physical standards serve as reference materials for calibration and traceability purposes when performing testing. This presentation reviews documentary standards that are used in the United States and in other countries around the world for auditing forensic DNA laboratory processes, such as ISO 17025 and the FBI Quality Assurance Standards. Physical standards, such as certified reference materials developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), will also be discussed. Standards enable reliable data comparison. Standard data formats and common markers or testing regions are crucial for effective data sharing. Core DNA markers provide a common framework and currency for constructing DNA databases with compatible data. In April 1995, the United Kingdom began their national DNA database with six core short tandem repeat (STR) loci: TH01, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D18S51, and D21S11. The United States selected 13 core STRs in 1997 prior to launching their National DNA Index System (NDIS) in October 1998. The European Standard Set (ESS) of seven core loci was established in 1999 on the six initial UK markers with the addition of the STR locus D3S1358. As DNA databases have grown in size, the risk of adventitious matches can only be avoided by adding additional markers to DNA profiles in the database. Hence in 2011 the ESS was expanded from 7 to 12 required loci and in the near future the United States will extend its core loci requirements from 13 to 20. To meet these needs, commercial STR kits have been developed that can examine more than 20 STRs simultaneously. With the European and U.S. core loci expansion efforts, the international forensic DNA community now has more DNA markers in common with improved capabilities for data comparison and sharing. More information on these STR loci is available on the NIST STRBase website: http://www.cstl.nist.gov/strbase. Standards efforts lead to improved working methods. For most of the past three decades, the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) and its predecessor TWGDAM have produced helpful guidelines on training, validation, missing persons casework, and interpretation of autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs), mitochondrial DNA, and Y-chromosome STRs (see http://www.swgdam.org). The European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) DNA working group has also provided guidance on training, validation, and DNA contamination prevention (see http://www.enfsi. eu). An annual DNA database management review with many useful recommendations is published each year by the ENFSI DNA working group. Concerns with potential DNA contamination of consumables used in DNA testing processes has led to development of quality standards in Australia and the UK. An international standard is under development (ISO 18385 “Minimizing the risk of DNA contamination in products used to collect and analyze biological material for forensic purposes”). This work is building on recommendations initially published by ENFSI, SWGDAM, and the Australian Biology Specialist Advisory Group (BSAG) in 2010 in Forensic Science International: Genetics. In the area of evidence preservation, a Technical Working Group on Biological Evidence Preservation organized by NIST published in April 2013 a handbook on the topic with best practices for evidence handlers. Earlier this year, the U.S. Department of Justice and NIST established the National Commission on Forensic Science (NCFS) and the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) in an effort to help strengthen all forensic science disciplines with quality policies and practices. 214 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 02-2 DNA ANALYSIS BY LAB-ON-A-CHIP TECHNOLOGY James P. Landers Depts. of Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, and Pathology, and the Emily Couric Cancer Center, University of Virginia, USA Microfluidic flow, the core of Lab-on-a-Chip technologies, has exploded since 2002 when valving functionality allowed multiple chemically-distinct processes to be executed and controlled on the same device. In 2006, we showed the first true evidence that microfluidic technology could provide a Lab-on-a-Chip solution for sample-to-result real-world analysis involving integrated chemistries for microscale chromatography, DNA amplification and fluorescence detection. This was shown functional for sub-30 min detection of both Bacillus anthracis in infected mice could and Bordetella pertussis from a human nasal swab. This technology has been funneled into, and honed for, application to short tandem repeat (STR) profiling for forensic human identification (hID) where 18 genetic loci are probed. This aligned well with the need for ‘Rapid DNA Systems’ for hID, where a sample-to-result STR profile was sought from a buccal swab in ~1 hr. The specific aspects of this technology will be discussed in a framework pertinent to hID and molecular diagnostics. In addition to highlighting the advantages and limitations of the current Rapid DNA technology, next generation systems will discussed for genomic typing on a simplistic platform that could be extended to Point-of-X-Testing applications, where X covers the spectrum from Care, Crime and Interdiction, to Shipping and Immigration. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) 215 WFF2014 SS 02-3 APPLICATIONS OF MICROARRAY AND NGS TECHNOLOGIES TO MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Seung Yong Hwang1, Won Sun Lee2 , Ji-Hoon Kim2 , Seri Lim2 , Jong Pil Youn2 , Jung Youn Park3 , Myunsoo Han4 1 Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea (South); 2GenoLifeCare, GenoCheck Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Korea (South); 4Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Personal identifications and classification of species are important for forensic and conservation science, respectively. Also, species identification in food processing can be useful tools for traceability. Recently, new molecular methods are being used to improve accuracy of identification. In this presentation, I would like to introduce applications of DNA microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for molecular identification. DNA microarray for genotyping has become attractive for molecular identification due to their simple, fast, and cost-effective way to discriminate large numbers of samples simultaneously. We have developed several different DNA microarrays that distinguish species: animals and fishes. DNA sequence variations of COI gene were utilized for designing species-specific oligonucleotide probes. The whole process of molecular identification took only about 4 hours. We have also developed a human mtDNA prescreening microarray for forensic screening. These DNA microarray systems provide a sensitive, objective, and high-throughput method for molecular identification. For human identification purposes, capillary electrophoresis (CE) of 13 CODIS (Combined DNA Index System) loci are nationally and internationally recognized as the standard method. All of these STR loci have an intrinsic genotype, specific to an individual, which repeats itself. This repeating unit has many variables involved in causing the genetic locus to mutate. As a result, to have more accurate detection of genetic mutations or a more accurate calculation of the number of repeats in an allele, it is key to analyze the sequence of a locus in an allele. To overcome these problems, we have employed NGS technology on the STR genetic loci. I will describe a faster and more accurate personal identification analysis using NGS method, showing the difference between the CE method and the allelic genes. In conclusion, these new molecular techniques can be used as alternative and powerful methods for molecular identification. 216 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 03 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) SS 03-1 FROM BASIC RESEARCH TO ROUTINE USE IN THE COURTROOM: ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISONS OF MATERIALS WITH LASER ABLATION INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY Jose Almirall Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, United States 217 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) The chemical analysis and comparison of a number of solid matrices of interest to forensic scientists is made possible by the progression from fundamental research and method development, validation in several forensic laboratories and the publication of international standards. The story of high-sensitivity elemental analysis of materials including glass, paint, soils, precious metals, diamonds, paper and ink on paper begins with the reporting of analytical techniques in the scientific literature and continues with the adaptation and optimization of the analytical methods by forensic scientists to suit these specific matrices. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been called the “gold” standard for solidsampling and high-sensitivity elemental characterization of materials providing sub-ppm detection limits of elemental analytes encompassing almost 70% of the periodic table. In addition, LA-ICP-MS provides true quantitative analysis data that can be used in numerical/statistical hypothesis testing to determine “match” and also to populate databases that are useful to determine the probability of a match for a given elemental profile. The story develops further when several forensic laboratories collaborate on method development and optimization as reported by the European Union funded NITECRIME effort (20002005) [1] and continued by the NIJ funded Elemental Analysis Working Group (EAWG) effort (2008-2012) [2]. The next chapters include interlaboratory trials that report high-quality performance of these methods for the analysis of glass in forensic laboratories [3] and the publication of international (ASTM) analytical consensus standards for the examination these materials [4]. More than 30 forensic laboratories around the world now routine employ the use of LA-ICP-MS for materials characterization on every continent (except Antartica) and the history of elemental analysis provides a good model on how forensic method development should progress from basic research to routine use and acceptance in the courtroom. 1. C Latkoczy, M Dücking, S Becker, D Günther, J Hoogewerff, JR Almirall, JA Buscaglia, A Dobney, R Koons, S Montero, G van der Peyl, W Stoecklein, T Trejos, J Watling, V Zdanowicz, Evaluation of a standard method for the quantitative elemental analysis of float glass samples by LA-ICP-MS, J. Of Forensic Sciences, 2005, 50 (6), 1327-1341. 2. T Trejos, R Koons, S Becker, T Berman, J Buscaglia, M Duecking, T Eckert-Lumsdon, T Ernst, C Hanlon, A Heydon, K Mooney, R Nelson, K Olsson, C Palenik, E Pollock, D Rudell, S Ryland, A Tarifa, M Valadez, P Weis and JR Almirall, Crossvalidation and evaluation of the performance of methods for the elemental analysis of forensic glass by µ-XRF, ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2013, DOI 10.1007/s00216-013-6978-y. 3. T Trejos, R Koons, P Weis, S Becker, T Berman, C Dalpe, M Duecking, J Buscaglia, T Eckert-Lumsdon, T Ernst, C Hanlon, A Heydon, K Mooney, R Nelson, K Olsson, E Schenk, C Palenik, E Pollock, D Rudell, S Ryland, A Tarifa, M Valadez, A van Es, V Zdanowicz and JR Almirall, Forensic analysis of glass by μ-XRF, SN-ICP-MS, LA-ICP-MS and LA-ICP-OES: evaluation of the performance of different criteria for comparing elemental composition, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2013, 28, 1270-1282. DOI: 10.1039/C3JA50128K. 4. (2013) Standard Test Method for the Determination of Trace Elements in Soda-Lime Glass Samples Using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Forensic Comparisons. ASTM (in press). WFF2014 SS 03-2 THE USE OF TRACE EVIDENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS IN DETERMINATION OF SOURCE AND FATE OF POLLUTANTS IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) R Paul Philp School of Geology and Geophysics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, United States The purpose of this talk is to examine some of the basic concepts of what today is commonly called “environmental forensics”. I believe we can trace the beginnings of the topic back to the late 1800s with the development of crime scene forensics and the involvement, directly or indirectly of several well-known characters. While the techniques available at that time certainly did not have the power of analytical techniques used today, the basic concepts and observations made in those early criminal cases are still directly applicable to cases today. However it was really until the 1970s that environmental forensics as we know it today was really born. There are many reasons for this including, but not limited to such factors as: the publication of the Silent Spring by Rachel Carson which certainly stimulated people’s awareness of environmental issues-particularly issues associated with DDT; roughly in parallel with this was the commercial availability of various analytical equipment such as gas chromatographs (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). In addition in the US the EPA was developing procedures for monitoring specific contaminants at various sites. Procedures which, by the way, are for the most part of very limited use in environmental forensics! Numerous regulations were developed for concentrations permitted for certain compounds in contaminated sites which if exceeded required expensive cleanup methods. Howcver environmental forensics, whilst related has different goals. While monitoring is important, another important issue is determining responsibility for a spill or release of a contaminant into the environment-be it in the air, soil or water. The first examples of this application were probably in the North Sea with all the oil exploration that was underway in the 1970s. The Norwegian Coast Guard starting using crude oil fingerprinting techniques to determine the source or point of release for crude oils in the N. Sea. Many of these techniques were the same that had been developed a few years earlier and were starting to be used by the oil companies in their exploration efforts. As we move toward the present, many of the techniques being used are improved versions of the techniques being used in the 1970s, with the addition of the widespread use of stable isotopes. In addition a much wider range of compounds is now being investigated along with a far wider range of environments. New compounds continue to emerge as contaminants of concern along with new problems. One classic emerging problem being hydrofracking which has a number of issues related to it which will be discussed in this talk. In summary this talk will examine the evolution of environmental forensics and also see how many of the older concepts and ideas are still be applied to new and evolving problems. It will also discuss some of the more recent areas where environmental forensics can again play a role in solving or attempt to solve some of these problems. 218 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR FORENSICS: THE CURRENT STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR FORENSICS SUPPORT SYSTEMS Hobin Yim Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, 1418 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea (South) 1. Introduction "Triskaidekaphobia" is a combination of Greek terms "tris, kai, and deka" meaning "13", and "phobos" meaning "fear" that simply means "the fear or the morbid fear of the number 13" resulting in avoidance to use or relate anything to it. Whether or not believe this superstition, it has been 13 years since the 9/11 attacks occurred. According to the Incident and Trafficking Database (ITDB) of the IAEA, the depot of illegal trades and trafficking incidents records of NRMs, 2331 NRMs related incidents had been reported in 1993 to 2013 shown in Fig. 1. [1] These incidents indicate that we are living in a dangerous world. In order to resolve the risk caused by the illicit trafficking of NRMs and to manage NRMs under control, nuclear forensics (NF) plays a very important role. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Fig.1 Incidents Reported to the ITDB, 1993-2013 This study presents the current status of international NF support systems including analysis techniques and international cooperation. 2. Current Research and Cooperation Status of International NF 2.1 The U.S. National Institutes of U.S. DOE affiliation plays an important role in nuclear forensics activities. There are Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), New Brunswik Laboratory, and Sandia Laboratory, etc. LLNL mainly conducts a chemical, isotope, morphological analyses of nuclear materials. The main focus of analyses is to identify characteristics of the isotopes of U and Pu, particle characteristics, and fine molecular structures. Sandia Laboratory carries out a radiochemical analysis, nuclear forensics scenario development, and a development of radiation measurement instruments. 2.2 The IAEA The IAEA has developed a document called “Nuclear Series No.2 - Nuclear forensics support” based on Model Action Plan, and carried out the Coordinated Research Projects (CRP). The CRP deals with the NF technology and procedure to prevent NRMs from illicit trafficking, identification of the seized materials, share NF related information with Member States. 2.3 The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (GICNT) The GICNT, which is co-chaired by the United States and Russia, is an international partnership of 85 nations and four official observers dedicated to strengthening individual and collective capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to a nuclear terrorist attack. 219 WFF2014 3. Analysis Techniques for NF 3.1 Physical measurement The first evaluation step of the physical properties of the sample is to measure the color, size, sample density, height and mass of the test material as well as to take photographs. To make information useful, for example, the material component size and the packaging container must be measure for sealed sources of radioactive materials prior to use. 3.2 Chemical and elemental measurements Chemical forms of the NRMs including intermediate products of metal oxide nuclear material and manufacturing process information of the material can be used as important “signature information” in accordance with NF purposes. 3.3 Isotopic measurements Measurement of the isotope is carried out to determine the amount of isotopes reside in NRMs. Isotopic ratios provide information about NRMs’ intended use and production history of the sample. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) 5. Conclusions This study investigated the current status of research and international cooperation of NF as well as analysis technique. The major institutes and laboratory actively research NF analysis techniques and other support system. However, many other countries including Korea are still in early stage of developing a NF related infrastructure. For Korea, analysis techniques for physical, chemical, and morphology characteristics of NRMs are prepared, but procedures to use them and to maintain chain of custody need to be prepared. Additionally, reference data base and data interpretation methods are required for effective NF. REFERENCES [1] IAEA INCIDENT AND TRAFFICKING DATABASE (ITDB) IAEA information system on illicit trafficking and other unauthorized activities and events involving nuclear and other radioactive materials, Incidents of nuclear and other radioactive material out of regulatory control 2013 Fact Sheet, 2013 220 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 04 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT) SS 04-1 INTERPRETATION OF POSTMORTEM TOXICOLOGY Carl Schmidt Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, United States The foundations of the interpretation of postmortem toxicology results are, aside from the laboratory results, the autopsy and scene findings, as well as the medical history. There is no protocol in use worldwide that dictates how to do this because there are regional differences in resources, training of personnel and even the prevalent drugs used both for prescription and recreational use. In many places only a basic drug screen is done, often only in urine. For confirmation that a drug is present, quantification has to be done, preferably in a different matrix, or body fluid. Relying on drug screens ignores that the compound assayed is often not the active metabolite, that the drug may have been cleared from the blood or ingested hours or days before the screen, some drugs are not eliminated in the urine and that there may be cross reactivity with other unrelated compounds. When you do have quantitation of a drug in the blood, you have to consider factors such as volume of distribution, protein binding and what is the active compound for the drug in question. For some drugs with short half-lives, the presence of a parent compound normally not found in testing can help establish whether it was used in proximity to the time of death. Drug concentrations can also be affected by interactions with other drugs, and the field of pharmacogenomics can help discern whether there are individual differences in drug metabolic pathways that can enhance these interactions as well as alter the metabolism of a drug so that it accumulates more readily or whether its metabolism can interfere with that of other drugs. There are also differences in drug metabolism between children and adults. The distribution in different tissue compartments is useful for assessing the difference between acute and chronic drug use and is why routine sampling from other body fluids such as bile and vitreous humor, as well as tissue like liver, should always be attempted. The prevalence of drugs in the community also is useful in interpretation and helps channel resources to finding the drugs more commonly used in the sampled populations. However, you cannot find what you don’t look for, so vigilance for newly introduced drugs in the community is vital. This is also due to public health considerations. New drugs can be introduced into a community of users, and cause significant mortality before it is identified. A newly introduced drug with fatal consequences behaves very much like an infectious disease, and can require intensive intervention to ameliorate its consequences. Postmortem toxicology is not just a forensic tool, but rather one that can have a significant impact and reflect the well being of a community. 221 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) The problem of postmortem redistribution is a major consideration. You cannot rely on the postmortem concentration of a drug because it often does not reflect the antemortem concentration. For some drugs, postmortem concentrations can be several times higher, especially when taken from a central compartment such as heart or subclavian blood. Proper sampling technique is a major factor in toxicologic testing. The more peripheral the blood sample, i.e., iliac or femoral blood, the more likely it is to reflect antemortem concentrations. Depending on the context of the case, finding a drug known to be associated with an increased risk of death and concluding that it is the cause of death is the most common approach to interpretation of a drug concentration. This is especially true in the younger drug user without any other pathologic processes present. However, causality between a drug and the cause of death is often not so easy to establish when in the presence of disease or more advanced age. This is why you cannot with certainty assume a drug was associated with mortality when an autopsy is not done. WFF2014 SS 04-2 ACTIVITIES OF KOREA DVI AND PLAN FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN MASS DISASTER IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Nak-Eun Chung, Han-Young Lee, Oung-Sik Choi, Joong-Seok Seo Korea DVI, Central Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) In South Korea, NFS (National Forensic Service) looks over the victim identification project by setting up a task force team, Korea Disaster Victim Identification team (DVI) in the event of mass disasters. We also recruit the attending staffs from various institutes (police agency, prosecutors office, relevant universities, NGOs, etc.) to organize the joint investigation team. Since then, NFS has made the temporary task force team, Korea DVI including medical examiners, odontologists, DNA experts and other specialists in various fields and has cooperated with forensic anthropologists, archaeologists, fingerprint experts based at universities or other agencies. Korea DVI has taken charge of the affairs requested by government for human identification of the victims in mass disaster We had been involved in several mass fatality incidents including the Sampoong Department Store Collapse in 1995, the Gimhae Air China Flight 129 Crash in 2002, Daegu Subway Disaster in 2003, the Southeast Asia Tsunami Disaster in 2004, the mass exhumation associated with the Jeju 4.3 massacre (1948-1954) in 2007, the mass burial in Daehakro in 2009, the Christ Church Earthquake Disaster in New Zealand in 2011, the Lao Airline Flight 301 Crash in 2013, the Sewol Ferry Sinking Disaster in 2014, etc. Our experiences have shown that the amounts of data related to mass disaster victims or mass graves are usually too large to collect or compare, it is essential to do the identification with software that makes the process faster and more efficient, both in the field during the process of recovery and later in the laboratory or morgue. Therefore, the Korea DVI has developed a new software named “Mass Identification Manager (MIM)” especially focused on small and medium sized disasters in early 2013. During the development of MIM, we developed several modules that are quite distinct from other compatible systems, such as dental, DNA, fingerprint, anthropology, familial assistance and information management. We also designed unique coding systems for anthropology & dental module and more efficient algorithms for DNA, dental & fingerprint matching processes. Using data restricted to each disaster, we can make a very reasonable identification through combining various modules. The MIM system is a portable compact system which consists of 3 notebooks, one copy of Oracle DB and 3 copies of MIM. We believe that it could be a powerful total solution for identification purposes, hoping it would become a standard program used by many other countries. In order to manage victims of multiple nationalities, it is significant to build a cooperative system among DVIs from different countries. Hence, international network as well as standard identification procedure should be established in preparation for mass disasters. The APMLA(Asia- Pacific Medico-Legal Agency, www.apmla.net), with more than 20 member countries was created for this purpose - conferences and trainings are held regularly, so that experienced professionals can discuss various topics of forensic medicine and DVI fields. The original version of MIM was released in March, 2013 and following plans are being discussed with relevant government ministries of South Korea. Establishment of DVI Network using a website (www.apmla.net) for about 30 member countries of APMLA. Upgrade and development of MIM into the international version 3. International cross validation of MIM in Asia-Pacific Region 4. Workshop and exercise of MIM 1) during INPALMS 2013, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Oct 2013, done) 2) during Int’l Iranian Congress of Forensic Medicine, in Tehran, Iran (Feb 2014, done) 3) during IALFS 2014, in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (April 2014, done) 5. Comprehensive training in Incheon International Airport, a mock drill plane crash : during WFF 2014 (World Forensic Festival 2014), in Seoul, Korea (18th Oct, 2014). 6. Additional development of MIM system & distribution of the s/w to the 3rd world countries. As such, the Korea DVI would like to establish efficient international cooperative network by hosting regular simulated training, so Asian-Pacific countries as well as all the other countries around the globe can interact with each other and develop a working partnership in preparation for mass disasters involving multiple nationalities. 222 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 05 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) SS 05-1 MOVING BEYOND BUCCAL SAMPLES: EXPANDING THE UTILITY OF RAPID DNA TECHNOLOGY Julie French1, Eugene Tan2 1 Human Identity Division, Ge Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; 2Product Development, Netbio, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States 223 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) The DNAscan™ Rapid DNA Analysis™ System from GE Healthcare Life Sciences and NetBio is a fully automated Rapid DNA Analysis system with integrated data analysis and Expert System software. The DNAscan system was designed to process single source, reference buccal swabs. Continuous development at NetBio is expected to support expanded capability of the system, including processing of blood samples, samples containing low quantities of DNA, and the integration of an assay with expanded loci. Blood: A sample preparation protocol is expected to allow blood samples to be run in the fully automated DNAscan system. Low DNA content: A new BioChipSet™ Cassette designed for samples containing low levels of input DNA will allow fully automated processing of samples, in a cassette that is fully compatible with the original DNAscan system. Expanded STR assay: The Promega PowerPlex™ Fusion System will be adapted to the microfluidic environment of Rapid DNA Analysis and full, balanced profiles are obtained. The development of fully integrated, automated processing of additional sample types and an expanded STR assay will have a profound effect on the utility of Rapid DNA Analysis in crime laboratories, police booking stations, and other field-forward settings. WFF2014 SS 05-2 QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASURES FOR THE OPERATION OF A NATIONAL DNA DATABASE Timothy Zolandz CODIS Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory Division, Quantico, VA, United States The operation of a National DNA Database requires significant quality assurance measures and management to preserve the integrity of both the data and the results. These measures are critical in order to maintain the trust of the law enforcement agencies that rely upon the results as well as the general public that values its privacy interests. In the United States, the National DNA Index System (NDIS) operates using the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) software. There are multiple facets to the preservation of quality in NDIS that are governed by a wide variety of stakeholders. These include Federal and State legislation, National policies as well as scientific guidance. This presentation will provide attendees with an overview of the quality system in United States as it pertains to NDIS. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) In the US, Federal and State laws define the categories of individuals that are eligible for inclusion in the database. These laws also mandate the accreditation of all laboratories that contribute profiles to NDIS. More specific to DNA, the FBI Director’s Quality Assurance Standards place additional requirements for quality on laboratories - more specific than accreditation - regarding the management, personnel, and procedures for forensic DNA casework and databasing. These standards are maintained by the Scientific Working Group for DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). Further, the NDIS Procedures Board provides policy and scientific guidance to the FBI and all participating laboratories regarding minimum standards for DNA profiles as well as search configurations, privacy implications and training. This presentation will discuss each of these elements and provide a framework for how they work together to ensure the quality of laboratories, DNA analysis, DNA profiles, and database searches. Together, these scientific and policy decisions form a network of law makers and practitioners that collaborate to maintain an extremely valuable tool for law enforcement to not only identify the perpetrators of crimes, but also exonerate the innocent. 224 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 05-3 POPULATION STR SEQUENCING DATA IN DANES AND SOMALIS WITH THE ION PGM™ Niels Morling, S L Fordyce, H S Mogensen, C Borsting Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Second-generation sequencing (SGS), also called Next generation sequencing (NGS) using the Ion Personal Genome Machine® (PGM™) System by Life Technologies, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, has proven capable of sequencing some of the key forensic genetic SNPs and STR systems. We sequenced 9 STRs and amelogenin with primers that were designed specifically for the purpose of SGS by Life Technologies with the PGM in 197 Danes and 128 Somalis and present the results of the population analyses. Data analysis was supported by Torrent™ Suite software and HID_STR_Genotyper. The results were compared with those of conventional STR typing with the AmpFlSTR® NGMSelect™ PCR Amplification Kit and capillary electrophoresis. STR sequencing significantly increased the discriminatory powers and the geometric means of the paternity indices, especially for the complex and compound STRs, compared to the values obtained with conventional STR typing. STR sequencing results of samples from crime case and human identification material were also successful. The combination of the 10-plex and the Ion PGM™ represents the first fully integrated SGS STR sequencing solution from PCR to data analysis. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) 225 WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 06 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC) SS 06-1 FIBRE EVIDENCE AND EVALUATION OF FINDINGS THE BENEFITS OF MAPPING Kornelia Nehse IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Forensic Science Institute, Landeskriminalamt Berlin, Berlin, Germany Locard’s principle states that every contact leaves a trace. Trace material, e.g. fibres, originating form contacts between two or more persons or persons and items and take place at the point of contact. These contact traces are always present at the scene but not easy to detect since particles are most likely minute and not visible to the naked eye. These micro traces therefore are often underestimated but offer challenges and chances at the same time. Extreme care must be taken not to disturb the original location of the textile evidence while collecting fibres on the scene on the one hand side and on the other hand side to prevent contamination. Once all trace evidence is collected a comparative analytical process is set into motion to determine if fibres may originate from a certain source. Since single fibres originate from textiles which most likely are not unique when produced and are part of a batch, results just stating the analytical findings are not sufficient under most case circumstances. Nevertheless, a reliable fibre analysis is the basis of all further information provided in a fibre case, yet there is far more to it. Highly differentiating methods of trace recovery in combination with background information of the case circumstances often allow addressing the “Activity Level” for interpretation and can be recognized as challenge and chance for all trace evidence. Therefore more consideration needs to be taken regarding possible variation and individualization, complexity of findings (e.g. multiple fibre types and/or numerous findings of one fibre component). Location and combination of primary and secondary or even tertiary transfers need also to be considered. The benefits of fibre mapping will be demonstrated by linking findings to the actions taking place on the scene. Mapping will be shown as beneficial to provide the investigator with more intelligence information during investigation (e.g. to identify a potential source) and can be used as a tool to assist with interpretation to enhance the evidential value of findings. 226 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 06-2 IDENTIFICATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF COLORANTS IN FORENSIC CASEWORK Christopher Palenik Microtrace, Elgin, Il, United States 227 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Colorants (pigments and dyes) surround us in our environment, yet beyond color comparisons and the inorganic fillers accessible by infrared spectroscopy, forensic trace evidence analyses typically ignore colorants (inorganic, organic and effect pigments) within evidence. This is due in large part to the small size (<1 µm) and low concentration (often <1 wt%) of colorants in final products. Yet confocal Raman spectroscopy combined with light microscopy, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy provide a means by which colorants can be identified and used as evidence to assist forensic casework. This talk draws from both research and casework conducted by our laboratory and illustrates ways in which this type of information can provide assistance to a forensic investigation. The talk will focus on three areas: 1) the systematic identification of pigments using vibrational spectroscopy, 2) the use of high resolution light and electron microscopy to gain morphological and elemental information from pigments both encapsulated (as in paints) and as free particles (in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals), and 3) examples from casework and research that illustrate practical ways in which this information has been and can be used. Colorant Identification. Through a detailed characterization of 300 pigments, we have devised a pigment identification scheme through which it is possible to identify pigments using Raman spectroscopy. Using this information, it is also possible to specify the extent to which a pigment can be identified (and other pigments from which it can not be distinguished). High Resolution Information. High resolution light microscopy (oil immersion) provides visualization of individual pigment clusters and in some cases individual pigments (such as effect pigments) as both encapsulated pigments (e.g., paints and inks) and free pigments (e.g., cosmetics). Once such pigments are visualized, they can be characterized in more detail and, in many cases, identified by confocal Raman spectroscopy and high resolution scanning electron microscopy. The highly engineered layer structure of effect pigments such as coated micas and silica micro-spheres holds great potential for improving the evidentiary specificity of paint evidence. In Situ Applications. Through a study of pigments in over three hundred automotive paint samples (over 1200 paint layers), we present information about the evidentiary significance of pigment evidence in paint layers (e.g., primers, tinted clear coats, and base coats) as well as detailed information about overall significance of pigments as evidence.  For example, given the increasing number of thin (<10 µm) paint layers appearing in automotive finish systems and the increasing use of effect pigments, such minute particles and features will become increasingly significant. WFF2014 SS 06-3 ANALYSIS OF PEDOLOGICAL TRACES IN FORENSIC PRACTICE IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Marek Kotrly1, 2 1 Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Bartolomejska 12, Praha 1, Czech Republic; 2Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science, Praha, Czech Republic Analysis of pedological phases that adhered to clothing, footwear, vehicles, or other objects is relatively frequently required in forensic practice to confirm the place of origin of contamination. These are basically two types of tasks. This entails either standard comparisons, when the questioned soil phases are compared with collected reference samples to confirm the crime scene, vehicle route, etc. Alternatively, forecasting of an unknown location is required where contamination by soil may have occurred. These are in both cases complex analyses, in which the organic component of the sample is studied separately, possibly anthropogenic contamination and mineral material itself. Basic techniques are optical light microscopy in transmitted and reflected light, polarization, fluorescence, next are utilised SEM/EDS (WDS), XRF, FTIR, etc. For the clay fraction, but also for other phases, the X-ray diffraction is imperative with applying conventional powder diffraction in transmission and reflected modes, scanning in a rotating capillary, and also micro X-ray diffraction, which allows to obtain a relevant structural record from the place with diameter around 0,1mm. Technique of cathode luminescence (CL) capable of distinguishing material based on its genesis, thus usually also according to a different place of occurrence, were introduced to differentiate mineralogical phases of practically identical chemical composition, optical characteristics, structure and similar inclusions. Good experience was obtained with some systems of automatic analysis of mineral grains (based on SEM/EDS), analysing several hundreds up to thousands of mineral grains, carrying out their automatic classification according to chemical composition and subsequently comparing samples by statistical methods. Biological material frequently present in the traces is analysed separately, plant and animal relicts are analyzed, including microscopic shells and relics (e.g. group Diatoms, etc.). Anthropogenic material (glass fragments, slag, construction materials, etc.) is analyzed separately by other techniques and may increase the probability measure of a match (hit) between traces and reference samples. For forecasting of unknown locations, where the contamination by soil may have occurred, systems of geographic information (GIS) are used, in which data are connected with detailed geological maps, both uncovered and covered, and with pedological maps. A detailed configuration of the field in a respective site is crucial for the assessment of all circumstances related to the detected trace, likewise employing 3D terrain models with a detailed topographic base and 3D models using orthophoto maps. The complex of methodologies is based on mineralogical and physical-chemical methods better embracing particularities of soil composition than some applied procedures arising from purely chemical base. Nevertheless, the introduced system at the same time is not omitting even biological and anthropogenic materials that usually represent a very important comparative material. Genetic methods that could compare both information from plant fragments and soil microorganisms are a big potential into the future. 228 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 06-4 ADVANTAGES OF GC TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE ANALYSIS FOR FORENSIC APPLICATIONS Hans-Joachim Huebschmann Thermo Fisher Scientific, CMD, Singapore DRUG SCREENING, MATRIX BURDON, GC-MS, MS/MS SELECTIVITY, MRM METHOD DEVELOPMENT, QUANTITATION, CONFIRMATION KEYWORDS 229 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 15 (Wed) Forensic analysis today is a true multi-class and multi-residue challenge for the screening of hundreds of compounds in one analytical run. The diverse chemical nature of drugs of abuse, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other toxic substances embedded in mostly complex sample matrix creates a special challenge for trace analyses with the requirements for productivity with short and fast analysis. General requirements in the forensic and clinical-toxicological analysis are the high sensitivity, reliability and proof for routine applications. GC-MS detection using single quadrupole instruments becomes more and more affected by strong matrix interference on the selected ion mass traces (SIM). Analytical strategies providing higher analyte selectivity are required in situations where single quadrupole methods reach their limitations. Triple quadrupole MS/MS analysis by using the selected reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) mode provides a unique structure related compound selectivity with a robust solution for a highly sensitive detection without matrix interference. In addition, solid confirmation can be achieved by using specific ion ratios, the product ion spectrum, or the combination of Full Scan with MRM. For the GC-MS analysis the sample extracts with high matrix load pose a particular burden on all components of the chromatographic system and mass spectrometer. To prevent the typical system downtime with significant manual workload a modular solution was developed for the parts most affected by high sample loads, the GC injection system and MS ion source. Another aspect of method development often overlooked, is the time and skills needed for the setup of MS&MS method or add additional compounds to a method. Currently used SIM methods can now be automatically transferred to MS/MS methods by using a special method bridging tool. Examples of TSQ triple quadrupole data comprising the drug screening in saliva, and THC analysis in urine are discussed. WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 07 FINGERPRINT/SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) SS 07-1 DIFFERING CONCLUSIONS IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Won Boon Park Public Safety, King County Sheriff's Office, Seattle, United States Fingerprint evidence has been used in both civil and criminal process to establish one’s identity either for individualization or exclusion for over a century. The theory of fingerprints for its uniqueness and permanence are still accepted and practiced in spite of all the challenges going on vigorously since the NAS (national academy of science) report has come out in early 2009. We generally provide 3 conclusions upon analysis, comparison and evaluation of fingerprints as INDIVIDUALIZATION (IDENTIFICATION), EXCLUSION or INCONCLUSIVE decision. Inconclusive decision has become allowed when no final conclusion could be reached, either due to the inability to locate corresponding detail after an exhaustive search or because insufficient agreement exists. At some agencies an incomplete report is utilized when the comparison process was not completed either due to the need for additional exemplars or a suspension of comparison work. I would like to focus on the first 3 conclusions that can be rendered only after conducting comparisons. We know that we do not always reach a same conclusion/determination when making decisions. Then a question arises. Is it okay scientifically to have differing decisions? Before seeking an answer for that question, we need to define what type of differing conclusions we are concerned with first. The following basis has to be kept in mind when reaching a conclusion/determination after conducting comparisons. (1) All determinations must be based on objective data, be demonstrable, and justifiable to the point of consensus. (2) All determinations are always open to the scrutiny of others. An erroneous conclusion is a decision that is not based on objective data, demonstrable, and/or justifiable to the point of consensus. Erroneous conclusions are handled by type. They are an erroneous individualization, erroneous exclusions or missed individualization. Erroneous Individualization – An erroneous individualization is the incorrect conclusion that two friction ridge impressions originated from the same area of friction ridge skin of an individual. It is the most serious mistake that examiners may make. If root cause analysis finds that an erroneous individualization was made, corrective action must be determined and completed based on the department’s policy. In case a verifier agreed with the decision, the verifier holds the same responsibility for erroneous individualization as the examiner. Erroneous Exclusion – It is the incorrect conclusion that two impressions did not originate from the same area of friction ridge skin of an individual. Erroneous exclusions found during verification must be handled through conflict resolution, and repeated erroneous exclusions may indicate the need for corrective action. Missed Individualization – It is the failure to make a determination of individualization, following the comparison of an impression with its source, or a known impression of the source. In some cases it can be considered and handled the same as an erroneous exclusion. Clerical errors are not considered as erroneous conclusions. Even though it is expected that such errors can be made easily and occasionally by anyone, repeated errors may indicate the need for corrective action. I would like to expand on handling differing opinions, such as individualization vs. inconclusive, inconclusive vs. exclusion, or even prints of value vs. no value. One of the main concerns discussed in the NAS report were problems that can occur with human interpretations, such as subjectivity and bias. Even though they are valid concerns if we use clear features or data that can be also seen by others to support a conclusion, such objective data can diminish the possibility of misinterpretation by humans. When conclusions can be tested by others, to ensure they hold up under intense scrutiny, more objective conclusions can be resulted to eliminate concerns of subjectivity and bias. In my unit we conduct additional testing when we cannot resolve differing opinions regarding the above listed conclusions especially with an individualization vs. inconclusive. The steps include: 230 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Independent blind analysis – All of which would be looked at together to determine the consensus of reliable minutiae. Comparison using the consensus detail Discussion to reach consensus on conclusion following comparison – Each participant adds on their original documentation that “My conclusion had inconsistency or differed to the consensus document” Differing conclusions except an erroneous individualization are not problems, but can be handled satisfactorily with scientific approach. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 231 WFF2014 SS 07-2 PALM PRINT SYSTEM IN JAPAN Tsutomu Kiryu National Police Agency, Identification Dvi., Tokyo, Japan IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) In criminal investigation, that palm print is worth the same as fingerprint, is that the world recognize. 20 years have been passed since Japanese Police have launched Palm Print System, and 12 years have been passed since the operation started. Japanese Police have been successfully improving performance of the system operation with making the best use of recording method and matching method. This is unique to Japanese Police, and unusual for foreign Palm Print System. Both Palm Print System and Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) have been playing to pursue more quickly and more definite in various of criminal investigation. 232 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 07-3 COMPARISON AND SEARCH METHODOLOGIES FOR LATENT PALM PRINTS Aimee Qulia Latent Print Operations Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, VA, United States The Federal Bureau of Investigation has been a leading national law enforcement agency for nearly a century. In 1924, the Bureau officially assumed responsibility for the management of the national fingerprint collections for the United States, and has expanded its digital and physical biometric collection to include all friction ridge recordings of the lower joints of the fingers and palms of the hands. Latent and known print searches in the United States may now include areas of the fingers and palms previously considered unsuitable for digital comparisons due to the introduction of the Next Generation Identification (NGI) system. NGI expands the search capabilities at the national, state, and local level, and is potentially compatible with the biometric capture systems of our foreign partners. This presentation aims to introduce those in the latent print discipline to the structure of the NGI system and to the specialized techniques associated with the comparison and identification of palm and lower-joint impressions. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 233 WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 08 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) SS 08-1 RECENT ADVANCES IN FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY Douglas H. Ubelaker Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USA IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Although many think of forensic anthropology as a single field within the forensic sciences, it actually consists of many distinct applications, each with its own published literature and methodology. These areas include detection and recovery, species recognition, estimation of the post-mortem interval, age at death, sex, living stature and ancestry, positive identification, and evaluation of post-mortem alterations and the evidence of foul play. Through international research, significant advances have been recorded in each of these areas. Much of this research has been directed not only toward new technology and methods, but also clarifying the probabilities and related error within existing techniques. These recent advances have strengthened forensic anthropology and increased its usefulness in diverse applications within the forensic sciences. 234 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 08-2 THE ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL COMMINGLE REMAINS, A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH Luis Fondebrider President, Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (EAAF), Buenos Aires, Argentina The analysis of cases involving skeletal commingle remains, present a major challange to the forensic specialist, in particular when the commingle involves several individuals. The level of fragmentation, the condition of the remains, the recovery process and the number of individuals are some of the most critical aspects to consider. This paper, will describe a methodology that involves the use of different scientific disciplines, as forensic antropology, forensic archaeology, foresic pathology and forensic genetics. Also it will raise legal, scientific, psichological and humnatitarian challenges that prensent the analysis of this cases, with special enphasys on the identificaction of the individuals. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 235 WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 09 IOFOS SESSION - FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) SS 09-1 DENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FROM MASS GRAVES Hrvoje Brkic Department of Dental Anthropology, Chair of Forensic Dentistry, University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Mass disasters can, according to a list of missing persons, be divided as open and closed. Most frequent causes of mass disasters today are traffic accidents, natural disasters, terrorist attacks and wars. Each of them has a great number of human casualties that need to be discovered and identified. During war activities numerous persons are killed, but according to the literature, the number of civil casualties is on the rise. Victims are buried in mass graves in order to hide them and disable identification. Teeth and osseous remains are permanent traces of identity, even many years after the burial in the ground. Based on the experience during exhumation of war vicitims in Croatia, the results have shown that the identitiy of exhumed victims is obtained after certain forensic procedures even if there is scarce antemortal data. Most frequently used procedures are anthropological parameters, dentition analysis, tattoos, jewelry, bone fractures, recognition of clothes and shoes, and DNA analysis. Dental analysis was performed on each exhumed body, and dental identification was possible in only 30% of the cases due to scarce premortal data (dental charts, radiographs, plaster models, photographs). In exhumation cases of war victims teeth were used for identification, dental profile creation (age, sex) and as the best organ for mtDNA isolation. 236 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 09-2 DENTAL AGE ESTIMATION STUDIES SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEWED Patrick Thevissen, Guy Willems Forensic Dentistry, Department Oral Health Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Leuven, Belgium 237 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) The current systematic review protocol will include studies presented to the scientific community by publication in a peerreviewed journal, a book or in a doctoral thesis. All included studies should be written in English. They should describe the development, the evaluation or the comparison of dental age estimation methods, or they should report relations between dental variables and chronological age by means of tables or a atlases. Two reviewers will screen, independently, in a first stage the titles and abstracts of all collected records and select papers for inclusion. In a second stage full text of the studies selected in stage one will be screened and a lists of detected inclusion and exclusion criteria will be composed. Disagreements between reviewers will be resolved by mutual discussion. The quality of each included study will be assessed, independently by two reviewers, using the Quadas tool An initial search of Pubmed will be undertaken followed by an analysis of the text words in the title, abstract and the index terms used to describe the articles. Next a search term will be established and used across the considered digital archives. Out of each included study following characteristics related to the used dental age estimation method, together with related specific criteria will be extracted:.the sample size, the considered teeth, the used dental variables, the dental variable outcomes and the study outcomes. The extracted data will enable to classify the included studies according to the different procedures used to develop specific dental age estimation methods. Teeth are assessed for age estimation because their changes in development, morphology, and biochemical structure can be related to the chronological age of an individual. Divers dental age predictors can be registered in a tooth conserving or tooth destructive way. The sampled data are statistically approached and analyzed to develop specific age estimation methods. Supplementary information related to the gender, ethnical or geographical origin, medical history, particular living condition of the sampled individuals influences with variable weight the applied dental age estimation methodology. The different dental age estimation methods can be divided in specific groups. Firstly methods based on developing teeth can be divided on the one hand in methods based on growth of all teeth except third molars and on the other hand methods based on third molars maturation. Secondly methods based on mature teeth, contain a group of methods analyzing intact teeth and methods destructing teeth for age estimation examinations. Thirdly age can be predicted based on biochemical properties of the teeth. In each of previous groups age is predicted following a particular method. The current protocol aims to describe step by step the procedures to perform a systematic review of dental age estimation method studies, in an attempt to classify the studies in defined groups and enabling to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the included dental age estimation methods within the established groups and possibly between these groups. WFF2014 SS 09-3 DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION THE DUBAI DISASTER 1972 AND LATER DEVELOPMENT OF DVI. Tore Solheim Institute of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) This was my first disaster as a forensic odontologist. A charterplane from Colombo to Copenhagen crashed in a mountainous area before landing in the Dubai Airport. 112 Scandinavian turists and crew died. As 14 persons from Norway died I was sent together with a policeman to Dubai to help the Danish and Swedish police with the identifications. Although not all victims were identified, we succeded to identify all Norwegians. This was the start of the Scandinavian cooperation in DVI and identification in general. Later yearly meeting has been hold in Scandinavian countries. We also from 1980 played a quey role in the work of Interpol on DVI. The construction of forms, guide for DVI work, recommendations for international cooperation and the construction of a computerprogram for DVI, the DVI System international. More system has been introduced to the work, thus the change of identification of victims has become better. However, the keen interest of the ID personnel may be as important as a good system. 238 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 10 FINGERPRINT/SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI) SS 10-1 APPLYING THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD TO FORENSIC EXAMINATION Brian Yamashita Integrated Forensic Identification Services, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Ottawa, Canada Through the application of the scientific method, forensic examiners must analyse a crime scene to determine where best to look for evidence, and to think about what might have transpired. At times, experimentation must be utilized, which may allow the analyst to accept or eliminate the possibility that a particular event might have occurred. Laundry detergent commercials demonstrate in 30 seconds how to conduct controlled experiments, keeping all variables equal except the detergent, all to answer the question, “Which sock is whiter?” In contrast to the simple television demonstration, crime scenes are often complex, and present the investigator with several questions to be answered. If experimentation has to be carried out to test various theories, the investigator will have to identify and control variables in order to properly answer the question presented by the crime scene – and may well recall that detergent commercial. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 239 WFF2014 SS 10-2 THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS Ross Gardner Vice President, Bevel, Gardner, and Associates, Atlanta, Georgia, United States IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) is a forensic discipline that has significant value in determining what occurred during many violent criminal events. BPA is a long established discipline, predating even the forensic use of fingerprints, with a documented history spanning nearly 150 years. This history defines the purpose and rationale behind the BPA analyst’s efforts, which in turn has led to the development of basic methodologies for the discipline. Despite this history, analysts are not always clear on these ideas. For a number of years, lack of clarity on the scientific basis of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis and the supporting methodology it demands has occasionally led to highly subjective analysis. This of course leads to conclusions that are not based on the science itself. This presentation will outline the primary theory behind BPA and the three supporting sub-principles, which include the Pattern Diversity, Stain Shape and Vector Correlation and the Physically Altered Bloodstain. Understanding the theory and principles ensures that the BPA analyst remains within the limitations of the discipline and is better able to articulate to the court the rationale behind their efforts and their conclusions. 240 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 10-3 CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Henry Lee1, 2, 3 1 Distinguished Chair Professor, University of New Haven, West Haven, United States; 2Commissioner (Ret.), Connecticut State Police & Public Safety, Connecticut, United States; 3Director, Forensic Research & Training Center, West Haven, United States Contemporary law enforcement has greatly expanded its ability to solve crimes by the adoption of new Surveillance techniques and Forensic procedures. Today’s crimes are most often solved by analysis of image recordings, digital evidence and forensic evidence. The work of forensic scientists is not only crucial in criminal investigation, but also vital for civil litigation, major man made or nature disasters and the investigation of global crime. However, the success of analysis of forensic evidence is based on a system that focuses on teamwork, advanced investigative skills, and the ability to process a crime scene properly, recognizing, collecting and preserving all relevant physical evidence and information. If the potential physical evidence was not recognized, or collected, or properly preserved, the forensic value of this piece evidence is lost. Despite available current crime scene technologies, specialized equipment and personnel, the integrity of forensic services system and the effectiveness utilization of physical evidence in crime solving are only as good as the integrity of the crime scene investigator and the objective legal system that supports those functions. Routine and high profile cases will be used to demonstrate the methods and techniques in crime scene reconstruction. 241 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Crime scene investigation is much more than just processing or documentation of crime scenes, nor is it just the collection or packaging of the physical evidence. It is the first step and the most crucial step of any forensic investigation. The foundation of all forensic investigations is based on the ability of the crime scene investigator or forensic scientist to recognize the potential physical evidence, large or small, visible or latent, exculpatory or inculpatory, at the crime scene. The subsequent identification of the physical evidence along with determination of the possible source or origin of the evidence, that is, its individualization, are the next steps in the forensic investigation process. Proper crime scene investigation is the starting point for the process of establishing what has happened, when and where happed, who is involved and why and how it occurred. of course, careful processing, documentation, and collection of physical evidence are integral parts of the ‘investigation process’ and crime scene reconstruction. WFF2014 SS 10-4 FBI EVIDENCE RESPONSE TEAM APPROACH TO CRIME SCENE MANAGEMENT Michael Grabber Evidence Response Team Unit, FBI, United States Objective: After attending this workshop, attendees will 1) have a full understanding of the FBI’s Evidence Response Team Concept, 2) the roles and responsibilities of each team member, 3) the specialized skills and assets utilized by FBI Evidence Response Teams, and 4) the command structure utilized to mitigate large scenes and/or major cases. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Program Description: The mission of the FBI’s Evidence Response Teams is to collect evidence supporting FBI priority investigations in a professional, competent, and systematic manner. This is accomplished by providing the team members nationally standardized training, equipment, and ready access to specialized forensic expertise. This gives the FBI highly specialized forensics teams that maintain a full operational readiness capability to respond to any type of incident worldwide. Attendees will learn how these teams were formed, the training process they undergo, and how their skills are called to service. Attendees will also learn about the roles and responsibilities of each team member as well as the Incident Command Structure utilized by the on scene command staff to ensure each scene is safely and accurately documented and all necessary data is collected. Case examples discussed will vary in size and will vary across the jurisdictional priorities of the FBI. 242 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 11 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) SS 11-1 THE ROLE OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY IN INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC HUMAN RIGHTS INVESTIGATIONS Dawnie Steadman Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States Forensic anthropology has played a pivotal role in the investigation of atrocities committed during armed conflicts since 1984. The Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team led by Dr. Clyde Snow initiated the scientific recovery and identification of victims forcibly disappeared by the Argentine government during the Dirty War. Their ability to provide physical evidence of torture, execution and disappearance has revolutionized how atrocities are now investigated. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the role forensic anthropologists play in human rights investigations, including historical research, family interviews, forensic excavations and identifications, and repatriation of remains to families. The role of the anthropologist in international criminal courts is also discussed. Finally, the paper will provide an overview of the obstacles encountered in forensic investigations, including perpetrator opposition, government obstruction, and why families may oppose excavations. Specific examples of forensic investigations from Spain and other countries will be presented.   IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 243 WFF2014 SS 11-2 MICROANALYSIS OF INVASIVE TRAUMAS: AN INTEGRATED MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH INTO MANNER OF DEATH IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Peter Zoon1, Reza Gerretsen2 , Steven Chang1, Ies Keereweer1, Rene Pieterman1, Mayonne Van Wijk2 , Erwin Vermeij1 1 Microtraces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Hague, Netherlands; 2Medical Forensic Examinations, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Examination of morphology does not always yield enough information to assess the cause of inflicted trauma: circular wounds with internal or external beveling can mean that the injury is the result of a gunshot, such features can however also be caused by objects like an ice pick. Especially when it is difficult to pair entrance and exit wounds one has to be careful. On the other hand massive wounds resulting from tangential gunshots can easily be misinterpreted as blunt force trauma. At the Netherlands Forensic Institute investigations into deaths resulting from blunt or sharp force traumas are performed by a multi-disciplinary team. This team consists of forensic pathologists, forensic medical anthropologists, toolmark examiners and microtrace experts, who work together to determine the manner in which the (lethal) injuries were inflicted. The combined interpretation of results obtained from medical examiners and physical forensic scientists allows for sound statements to be made about the weapon or object that caused the injuries. During the forensic autopsy the forensic pathologist describes all injuries and determines the cause(s) of death. This includes measuring lesions and probing the lengths of possible stab or gunshot injuries. Injuries extending into the bone are excised for further examination. Injuries to the skull will be studied using diaphanoscopy (transillumination). The first step in a typical research route is cleaning of the excised material by the forensic medical anthropologist. This step is particularly essential for microtrace analysis, as one of the main risks in the search for small, yet probably significant features is to fail to recognize or miss them. Remnants of soft tissue, blood, grease and other material have to be removed carefully, to prevent removal or damage of present, but otherwise obscured trace material. After the material has been cleaned, it may require some downsizing before it can be analyzed for microtraces. A microtrace expert and a forensic medical anthropologist will decide on the best method to trim the bone. Typically, it will be cut into pieces that are no larger than 10 x 10 cm. Microtrace experts will then use SEM/EDX to find foreign particles in the bone defects and compare them with a reference (if present). In previous papers, we have shown that microtrace analysis of particulates in invasive traumas is rather straightforward to employ. The technique is powerful and allows one to easily distinguish a gunshot injury from blunt or sharp force trauma. [1, 2] Next, the osseous material is transferred to the toolmark examiners. They will examine it on a microscopic level for physical marks and defects (impressions and striations). If a reference tool is available a comparative examination will be performed. This typically involves casting of bone defects and/or generating test toolmark with a suspected weapon in gelatin or wax. These materials are carefully selected in order to avoid causing changes to the object under examination. Once the toolmark examination has been completed, the bone material is returned to the forensic medical anthropologist who will then in turn pursue his own examination. These typically include reconstruction of fractured bones, determination of minimal number of impacts and/or directionality. When the final analysis is completed, all separate results will be discussed within the team. The results of separate disciplines are complementary and can be combined to reach a conclusion with a stronger evidentiary value. A report containing the results of the different disciplines and the combination thereof will be sent to the magistrate, the public prosecutor and the police department. In cases where a suspected weapon is not available, a description based upon the results of the exhibit analysis will be given (e.g. rectangular shape made out of stainless steel). In cases where a suspected weapon is present, the probability of observing the results of the exhibit analysis will be assessed for at least two opposing hypotheses. [1] E. J. Vermeij, P.D. Zoon et al. Forensic Sci.Int. 2012, 214, p96-104 [2] P.D. Zoon, R.R.R. Gerretsen et al. Chin. J. Forensic Sci. 2012, 4, p54-61 244 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 12 IOFOS SESSION - FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD) SS 12-1 DOES THE HUMAN DENTITION HAVE TO BE UNIQUE FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF BITE MARK ANALYSIS? Herman Bernitz Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa The uniqueness of the human dentition has not been conclusively established at a macroscopic level. This has raised many questions regarding the forensic value of analysing bite marks in both skin and inanimate objects. This presentation will highlight the fact that orthodontically treated dentitions, and dentitions lacking any characteristic dental features have a low probability of being individualised. In contrast, dentitions with multiple, highly characteristic features will have a high probability of matching a suspect to the bite mark. The talk will highlight the fact that both quality and quantity are required for any analysis of tooth features within the bite mark. The analysis of bite marks is based on three pillars namely: the clarity of the bite mark, sufficient tooth marks within the bite mark and clearly recognisable characteristic dental features. If these three fundamental pillars are upheld, the prerequisite for the dentition to be unique falls away. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 245 WFF2014 SS 12-2 EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATION IN FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Vilma Pinchi1, 2 1 Department of Sciences of Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 2I.O.F.O.S., International Organization for Forensic Odontostomatology, International, Italy Background: Many years have passed since the last extensive study collected data about forensic odontology education, training and practice in different Countries providing reflections about the scope and the core activity of forensic odontology. Given the lack of extensive and update information about Forensic Odontology (FO) qualification and practice in the different countries and world areas, IOFOS (International Organization for Forensic Odontostomatology)  is actually promoting a survey addressed to collect data through a special questionnaire. Many Presidents of National Forensic Odontology Associations and Societies promptly answered whilst in  Countries that have not yet founded a FO Association active forensic odontologists (Fod) have been contacted to collect data. Material and method: A detailed questionnaire has been edited consisting of 4 sections providing questions related to undergraduate – postgraduate education, qualification of professors who teach FO, qualification and accreditation of Fod and the requirements imposed by law or considered by Institutions/Agencies/judges to entrust a Fod along with the qualification control that National FO associations have on their members. Moreover the questionnaire inquires about the practice of FO in different countries referring to the number of active Fods, the existence of an official national DVI team, etc, the dissemination of FO knowledge at a national level, the networking activity of FO national societies/associations, the concerns about editorial space and journals dedicated to research in FO. A personal opinion about suggestions for possible improvements of FO conditions (increasing funds, providing qualification standards, etc) is also asked to the compiling person. The introduction to questionnaire issues a preliminary question concerning definition of FO since in many countries FO must be intended that includes also ethics in dentistry (ED), dental litigation (DL), dental damage evaluation (DDE). Results: 32 Countries from all continents adhered to the survey so far, providing detailed answers through the dedicated  questionnaire. It emerges that FO is extended to include  ED or/and DL or/and DDE in more than 70% of Countries. Undergraduate education in FO is available in more than 75% of Countries even if it is mostly limited to a basic level and professors in FO exist only in about 50% of nations. Post-graduate courses in FO (master course, PhD, specialization, etc) are offered in about 60% of Countries, but remarkable differences exist in terms of contents and duration. Teaching programs of undergraduate and postgraduate courses remained largely unexplored in the present research. More than 80% of Countries do not impose special requirements for FO practice and in more than 50% the active FOds are less than 20, with University as the prevalent affiliation. National Societies of FO provided guidelines or recommendations in about 35% of Countries. Conclusions: The ongoing research reveals a pretty mixed condition of FO in different Countries and rises remarkable issues connected with education, qualification and practice. A serious need of education and improvement in training emerged, issues to be solved through increasing both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in FO and focusing on qualification of the professors. Moreover, quality assurance in FO cannot exist without a serious control on the qualification of active FOds (requirements for FO practice, guidelines, etc). Hopefully, the reported data will contribute to  promote an international consensus about the undergraduate and postgraduate curricula, the knowledge base, programs and teaching of forensic odontology. 246 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 13 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ) SS 13-1 FORENSIC SCIENCE AND LEGALIZATION – LESSON FROM CRIMINAL DNA DB IN KOREA Soong Deok Lee Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) Forensics is the science for legal system. The law is an essential one for forensics also. Forensics could be used to solve cases in judicial system, but this is not the end. To arrange the circumstances for proper function of forensics, appropriate judicial system is also a prerequisite. Recently criminal DNA DB seems to be the one which has been the upmost point of contact between judicial system and forensic practice. Many countries have already launched their system and there seem to be more which are ready on the start line. Not every country seems to have the same system. On this I would present the experience of criminal DB in Korea. Together with the general characteristics of DNA DB, some disputes which are still on going and the prospect of DB would be presented. I would also speculate how would it be in the future. Finally I want to discuss the importance of legalization and to point out several that have to be considered during the legalization process. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 247 WFF2014 SS 13-2 WHY TEN GRAMS OF PREVENTION IS WORTH A KILOGRAM OF CURE WHEN TALKING ABOUT ETHICS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE: GOOD PRACTICES AND UNFORTUNATE DISASTERS Anja Einseln Training, ASCLD/LAB, Garner, NC, United States IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Science and technology can move us forward at warp speed but the human element still confounds us. Ethical concerns in forensic science can cause major news headlines and much heartburn and frustration on the part of the laboratory management facing the personnel issue. There is a temptation to try and regulate or dictate ethics and morals, but can we really do this? The intent of this presentation is to provide attendees with various examples of ethical guidelines in forensic science, share several examples of developing a culture embracing ethical and moral behavior and finally a brief review of some catastrophic situations that have been publicized. 248 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 14 MASS DISASTER (MD) SS 14-1 AUSTRALIAN DVI SYSTEM AND MULTI-NATIONAL CO-OPERATION IN DVI Stephen Cordner Professor of Forensic Pathology (International), Monash University Head of International Programmes, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Australia Australia is a federation of states and territories. The agencies for DVI response reside mainly in the states and territories. There are national agencies to support the states and territories, and in the case of the Australian Federal Police to lead Australia’s contributions internationally. Multi-national DVI co-operation in disasters tends to occur when other countries have nationals who have been killed in the disaster. The domestic political reality is that governments need to demonstrate involvement in the DVI response. The exemplar of this was the response to the Indian Ocean Tsunami. The international response was a DVI operation focussed on Thailand, whereas in Indonesia with over 100,000 dead on Aceh, the response was quite different. This presentation will discuss some of complex issues involved in mounting international responses to deal with the dead following large disasters. Reference will be made to Cyclone Nargis, the Japanese earthquake and tsunami, Typhoon Yolanda. Whether the Ebola crisis affects any of these considerations will be touched upon. 249 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Since then, with the development of the PAHO/WHO/ICRC guidelines on the Management of Dead Bodies following Disasters: A field manual for first responders, a framework for responding to disasters  which are too large for an Interpol DVI type response now exists. An international framework for helping countries faced with such disasters to deal with their dead in such large scale disasters still hits hurdles. WFF2014 SS 14-2 HUMANITARIAN FORENSIC ACTION FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FROM ARMED CONFLICTS AND CATASTROPHES IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Morris Tidball-Binz1, Andres Patiño Umaña1, Stephen Cordner2 , Duarte Nuno Vieira2 1 Forensic Services, International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, Switzerland; 2Forensic Advisory Board, International Committee of the red Cross, Geneva, Switzerland The professional and dignified management of the dead and human remains and the clarification of the whereabouts and fate of persons missing from major catastrophes are basic humanitarian necessities and obligations under international law. They are at the core of the emerging field of humanitarian forensic action, which is the application of forensic science to humanitarian activities, such as those carried out by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). Much has been achieved on the last decade with the forensic recovery and identification of tens of thousands of victims worldwide. This has given those victims' families a possibility of closure. The contribution of the global forensic community to this remarkable achievement cannot be overstated, but much remains to be done, with hundreds of thousands of victims of war and disasters the world over awaiting timely recovery and identification. The developments in the field of forensic science applied to humanitarian goals over the last decades have been impressive. They offer today unprecedented tools and opportunities to the growing number of forensic professionals dedicated to this emerging field, for addressing the consequences of war and catastrophes all over the world, particularly the forensic search, recovery and identification of large numbers of deceased individuals, often in very complex and challenging circumstances. Forensic practitioners involved in these activities must understand the legal and ethical framework for humanitarian forensic action and be familiar with novel trends and best practices in forensic science applied to humanitarian action, as developed by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). KEYWORDS 250 HUMANITARIAN FORENSIC ACTION, INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 14-3 DVI IN AFRICA AND CHALLENGES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Uwom Eze Department of Pathology and ASFM Secretariat, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria KEYWORDS DVI, DISASTER MANAGEMENT, AFRICA 251 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Disasters in Africa are a double tragedy: first the tragedy of the incident itself, and second the tragedy of lack of relevant human capital, basic infrastructure and other resources in tackling disasters. Furthermore, disasters on the continent are often manmade and this brings about undue complications in addressing such incidents and resulting in poor management. There is also apparent lack of political will in addressing root causes of such disasters, and the interplay of corruption by influential individuals and State actors is significant. Many disasters which occur in Africa are also eminently preventable thus underscoring the unfortunate tragedy of these events. Deaths from epidemics, floods, fire outbreaks, armed conflicts and terrorism, and road traffic crashes are all too common in Africa. Occasionally air traffic crash occurs. Natural disasters such as tornadoes, earthquakes, landslide and volcanic eruptions are less frequent. Overall, manmade disasters are the predominate form of disasters in Africa. Meanwhile, most countries in Africa have set up Emergency Management Agencies, through enabling laws, to manage disasters generally. However, attention tends to be focused more, for good reasons, on Rescue Operation and administration of relief materials to survivors of disasters. Unfortunately, Recovery Operation is often neglected resulting in chaotic approach to handling of human remains and poor dead body management. The lack of trained manpower/expertise on Management of Disasters and Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) results in misidentification or non identification. The lack of proper coordination of available resources and expertise in a multidisciplinary approach, compounds an already difficult situation. Unreliable or haphazard database and general poor record keeping at various State agencies depreciate the value of such data in victim identification. Meanwhile, community awareness about different stages and processes involved in disaster management upon which a realistic expectation can be predicated is usually low, and this often results in poor support and lack of cooperation by affected communities. The complicity of State actors and some extraneous forces in some disasters especially armed conflicts and terrorism in Africa are a major limiting factor. The ultimate result of this conundrum is abandonment of corpses, unwarranted and distasteful mass burials. It is therefore not difficult to connect the dots between poorly managed mass disasters with unsatisfactory DVI, and inability to achieve a sense of closure by affected individuals and whole community. DVI Team Africa, an initiative of the African Society of Forensic Medicine (ASFM), is a recent response to the critical issue of identifying and coordinating available forensic practitioners in Africa. Strong advocacy to press for greater investment by African governments and institutions in human and infrastructural development for Disaster Management and DVI is timely. Rallying community support and understanding cultural sensitivity in handling of the dead, curbing official corruption, and tackling poverty, amongst other measures, will also be necessary means of addressing some of these challenges in Africa. WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 15 MASS DISASTER (MD) SS 15-1 DEVELOPMENT OF DVI SYSTEM FOR SRI LANKA IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Ananda Samarasekera Forensic Medicine, South Asain Institute of Technology and Medicine, Colombo, Sri Lanka A mass disaster could be defined as an unexpected event causing widespread property damage, injury, illnesses or death. Among their other effects are the destruction of local health infrastructures and the environmental impact, such as increased risk of communicable diseases, premature death, and decreased quality of life; psychological effects; food shortages and nutritional consequences; and in some places, large population movements It could occur anywhere and be either natural or manmade. Though any such event cannot be described as ‘typical’ there are people who are ‘typically’ involved in the aftermath of any mass disaster. Worldwide, a major disaster occurs daily, and natural disasters needing international assistance occur weekly. Over the past two decades, 3 million deaths and $50 billion in property losses have been attributed to disasters. USA so far had not experienced disasters of extraordinary magnitude compared with Third World countries... During the last three decades Sri Lanka has experienced several natural and man-made disasters. Such man-made destructions were common during the 30 years long conflict period. Though the local system was able to manage the dead in such circumstances, the South-Asian tsunami in 2004 specifically highlighted the limitations and deficiencies of the system in place when handling and managing dead during such a major disaster. The manner in which the dead were handled had a profound and long lasting effect on the mental health of the survivors and the community at large. Such inappropriate handling could hinder the establishment of the identity of the dead, loss of valuable forensic evidence and a dignified burial. Hence, the families also had experienced difficulties in calming insurances and inheritance, resulting in economical several other hardships In this backdrop, the forensic community strongly felt the necessity of stipulating best practices in managing dead. The process of formulating these guidelines was initiated by the Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology (ILMT) with a series of consultative meetings with the Disaster Preparedness and Response Unit of the Ministry of Health, the Disaster Management Centre (DMC) of the ministry of disaster management in corroboration with the Medico-Legal Society of Sri Lanka with the financial assistance of the ICRC. A working group consisting of  Forensic and Legal Experts, Military, Police, Fire Brigade, Sri Lanka Red Cross and officials of Disaster Management was involved in the preparation of the draft. The final document is the outcome of a series of consultative workshops by this working group. During this process the National and International best practices and guidelines, inputs from the resource person from humanitarian forensic services of ICRC-Geneva and Sri Lankan previous experiences were taken into consideration. The draft document was reviewed by an external reviewer nominated by ICRC from the region. In Sri Lanka the Disaster Management Center with in the Ministry of Disaster Management established under Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act No. 13 of 2005 passed by the Parliament of Sri Lanka. Disasters causing deaths, medico legal system has an essential role to play.. In Sri Lanka any person who had died suddenly or unnaturally must be investigated within the legal frame work of Inquest procedure stipulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure Act by an Inquirer, a judicial appointee. Since disasters causes sudden unexpected multiple death, whether due to natural or manmade, requires judicial or quasi judicial investigation for each individual death in keeping with the said legal requirement. This is because of absence of legal provision to conduct an Inquest in to the event came to light during after math of tsunami. Hence amendment to the law necessitated which is stipulated in the second part of the guide. The actual technical guidelines for management of the dead are in to the first part. Disaster victim identification (DVI), though very important in the management of the dead cannot be taken in isolation for many reasons. Part –A includes technical guidelines for management of the dead consisting of summary of response procedures, recovery preservation, and storage, identification (DVI) postmortem examination, and disposal bodies/parts. 252 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Part-B includes proposed amendments to the Inquest procedure consisting of Inquest procedure, human resource assistance, powers of acquisitions of infrastructure etc, storage, legal identification, final legal disposal of bodies/body parts. The expected outcome is to have an effective, appropriate and legally regulated system for the management of the dead in mass disasters and catastrophes for the best interests of Sri Lanka ensuring justice and in keeping with international standards and best practices with applicable scientific criteria, socio-cultural norms, and humanitarian needs and according to expectations of human civilization. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 253 WFF2014 SS 15-2 THE MALAYSIAN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION EXPERIENCE: PROJECTING DVI COOPERATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Dr Mohd Shah Mahmood MD, DMJ(Path), MSc(MedSci) Director and Senior Consultant in Forensic Pathology National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Malaysia Malaysian DVI System Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) operations in Malaysia for many of the major incidents with multiple fatalities have been handled effectively by ad-hoc DVI teams assembled soon after a disaster has taken place. This was previously possible to be managed effectively within a short period of time, where almost all DVI activities were performed within the local government hospital mortuary setting, not requiring assistance from international DVI teams, partly due to the relatively small number of fatalities. The major agencies involved in the overall management of disaster investigation are the Royal Malaysian Police and the Malaysian National Institute for Forensic Medicine. Other government agencies involved in managing the DVI activities include the National Security Council, the Forensic Science Laboratory and the National Registration Department. However, more recently, Malaysia had been affected by 3 major disasters with multiple fatalities: the armed Sulu tribe intrusion to Sabah in 2013 (64 fatalities including 10 Malaysian policemen), the mysterious disappearance of flight MH370 in March 2014 (227 passengers and 12 crew members on board) and the recent MH17 tragedy in Ukraine on the 17th July 2014 with no survivors (283 passengers and 15 crew members on board). Previously, the Malaysian DVI teams were devoid of opportunity and experience in participating with other international DVI teams in major DVI operations either within or outside the country. The first international exposure of DVI operations with other international teams was in the recent DVI operations of the MH17 victims conducted at the Hilversum Military Base in Netherlands. This had given the Malaysian DVI teams the opportunity for on-site invaluable intense experience, for a duration of over 2 months, in DVI and overall management of a major international disaster. Furthermore, the Malaysian DVI teams were able to engage cooperation in the international arena with DVI teams from other countries including Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, United Kingdom, Australia and Indonesia. In addition, the MH17 disaster victims comprised of various nationalities, hence international cooperation and teamwork were vital and inevitable. Overall, this engaging experience and opportunity served as a valuable insight in strategising direction and improvement in the future management of major incidents with multiple fatalities in Malaysia or abroad. In addition, this has provided significant contribution to planning the way forward in fostering DVI international bilateral cooperation, linkages and networking. Hence, a proposal has been submitted to the relevant authorities for a formal set-up of DVI organisation and governance for Malaysia. DVI cooperation in Southeast Asia Effective cooperation in DVI operations in the event of any major incidents in Southeast Asia would require a good networking among the stake holders in DVI activities for each relevant country. The main agencies that will play a major role in the management of any major incidents in a particular country are the (a) Police as the overall investigator, (b) DVI team in identification of the victims, (c) judiciary for the inquest and court proceedings and (d) Ministry of Foreign Affairs for facilitating international DVI activities. The participation of other organisations, e.g. International Committee for Red Cross (ICRC) and Asia Pacific Medico-Legal Agencies (APMLA) with the above agencies would enhance better cooperation and coordination in terms of DVI activities in the Southeast Asia region. As an initial effort towards cooperation in DVI work in Southeast Asia, it is highly essential for the above agencies in each participating country to meet, discuss and strategise SEA regional future DVI cooperation. Issues and mutual agreement in ensuring a successful DVI cooperation among the participating countries would encompass some of the following areas of interest: Conduct of regular meetings with predetermined agendas and monitoring of progress and performance DVI training with international DVI teams SOP and guidelines for DVI operations Maintenance and update of registry on experts on DVI Regional Mass Disaster Logistic Store at agreed / strategic regional sites Agreed procedure on (a) how to request for assistance from international DVI teams and (b) procedure on how to offer assistance to neighbouring countries affected by major incidents 254 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Conclusion Malaysia is taking the initiative to set up a formal DVI organisation and governance based on the recent international MH17 air disaster DVI experience in Netherlands. This first intense and engaging DVI activities with other international DVI teams have provided valuable experience and opportunities for the future initiatives in fostering DVI cooperation in Southeast Asia. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) 255 WFF2014 SS 15-3 PROVIDING FORENSIC EXPERTISE TO RESPOND RAPIDLY TO MAN-MADE MASS DISASTERS IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 16 (Thu) Andras Vamos Goldman Direction, Justice Rapid Response, Geneva, Switzerland Justice Rapid Response (JRR) is an innovative initiative established by States to improve the ability of the international community to end impunity for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and serious human rights violations. JRR provides a flexible, rapid, and cost-effective means to access relevant, highly specialized investigative expertise to assist with fact-finding, inquiries and investigations in situations where violations of international criminal law and serious human rights violations may have occurred. To do this, JRR has created a geographically diverse and gender balanced roster of experts in a wide range of criminal justice and related fields who have completed specialized training in the conduct of international investigations. Forensic specialties make up one of the most important and in demand range of expertise to assist the investigation of international crimes and human rights violations. Accountability processes following man-made mass disasters such as war increasingly require a wide variety of specialized forensic expertise, as the international community is making greater and greater efforts to conduct fact-finding missions, inquiries and investigations as soon as security and political considerations allow. These missions, gathering vital evidence and making the first, crucial assessments and reports will set the tone for subsequent international and national action in response to any atrocities and mass disasters. This means that forensic expertise, trained in international investigations are vitally needed in the initial phases of inquiries and investigations in order to ensure that some of the most sensitive and controversial aspects of such missions, are handled in a professional, impartial, sensitive and highly competent manner. Only this can help the success of the mission, and ensure that it avoids doing greater harm to the victims and witnesses of atrocities. There are currently 63 forensic specialists on the JRR roster. A lot more will be needed, however, in the coming years. In order to ensure a wide range of forensic expertise is represented on the JRR roster, JRR regularly holds specific training courses in international criminal law and human rights investigations for forensic specialists. As an intergovernmental mechanism, the experts come mainly from nominations by governments or institutions with governments. The training is a prerequisite for the expert to be certified to the roster, and while we have a variety of specialized training courses, all experts on the JRR roster are trained in international investigations. Training for forensic specialists focuses on how to integrate their forensic expertise into an investigation team carrying out typical fact-finding or inquiry missions, and how forensic specialists can assist the team as a whole. We have held such courses successfully in conjunction with the Netherlands Forensic Institute in 2010 in the Hague; at the 19th Triennial Congress of the International Association of Forensic Sciences in Madeira, in 2011; at the International Association of Legal Medicine Congress, in Istanbul; and here at the World Forensic Festival 2014 in Seoul. This is therefore an excellent occasion to increase representation on the JRR roster of forensic experts so that they could be available to assist other members of the international community. It is also a great opportunity to inform the global forensic community of such opportunities through Justice Rapid Response. 256 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 3RD WORLD FORENSIC SCIENCES 3WFS-1 CURRENT STATUS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INDONESIA Djaja Surya Atmadja Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia/ Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE; CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION; INDONESIA 257 3rd WORLD FORENSIC SCIENCES Oct 16 (Thu) Indonesian Criminal Law is inherited from Dutch Continental Law, which follows negative proving system. Article 183 of Indonesian Criminal Procedural Law says that judge cannot sentence the suspect unless there are at least 2 legal evidences and he believes that the crime was trully happened and the suspect is the person who did it. Article 184 of the same Law also says that legal evidences are witness, expert opinion, document, indication and suspect statement. In Indonesia, law gives authority to police criminal investigator and judge to ask forensic expert(s) to give expertise or expert opinion in court to prove a criminal case. Forensic expert from various fields has legal obligation to help the court prove a crime by scientific approach. In Indonesia, we have no special Degree-level education in forensic sciences, except those are provided by Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Dentistry. However, in some other Faculties, forensic sciences are taught as a special lectures. In Police Institution, there are Police Forensic Laboratory Center in Jakarta and its branches in 6 other cities, in which scientists applied forensic sciences in criminal investigation, especially in crime scene investigation (CSI). In court, forensic expert are usually scientists from university, police forensic experts or professionals, who are known to has good expertise in forensic fields. In Indonesia, forensic scientists have some Associations, such as Indonesian Association of Forensic Medicine (PDFI), Indonesian Association of Forensic Science (AIFI), Indonesian Association of Forensic Psychology (Apsifor), and Indonesian Society of Forensic Odontology (IOFI). For publication of forensic papers, forensic scientists in Indonesia have one specific scientific journal, namely Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS). WFF2014 3WFS-3 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN EGYPT Magdy kharoshah Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority, Egypt 3rd WORLD FORENSIC SCIENCES Oct 16 (Thu) Egyptians are one of the first civilisations to practice the removal and examination of internal organs of humans. Their practices ranged from embalming to faith healing to surgery and autopsy. Modern radiological studies, together with various forensic techniques, allowed scientists unique glimpses of the state of health in Egypt 4000 years ago and discovered one of the earliest applications of autopsy, the main element of forensic medicine practice today. The Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority handles a relatively large number of cases annually and depends on different assisting laboratories (forensic histopathology, microbiology, serology unit, DNA laboratory, forensic chemistry laboratory). Crime scene investigations are performed mainly through the criminal laboratory related to the Ministry of Interior.Forensic Medicine is studied thoroughly in the faculty of medicine (undergraduates), as well as byforensic medical examiners at postgraduate level (diploma, master’s and doctorate). Egyptian Journal Of Forensic Sciences was founded in 2011 Published quarterly, production and hosting by Elsevier.com and available on Sciencedirect. com. 258 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 3WFS-4 THE CURRENT STATE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES IN NIGERIA: POTENTIAL YET UNREALIZED Uwom O. Eze Senior Consultant in Pathology & Forensic Medicine, Nigeria KEYWORDS Forensic Sciences, current state, Nigeria. 259 3rd WORLD FORENSIC SCIENCES Oct 16 (Thu) Lately, there has been an upsurge in interest shown by cross sections of Nigerians to the application of forensic sciences to certain events and circumstances that are prevalent in the society nowadays. Increase in crime rates, sexual violence, parentage disputes, new dimensions of armed conflicts and terrorism, and the spate of natural and manmade disasters have ordinarily elicited responses from people on the issues of exploring better means of understanding and addressing these challenges in some more objective/scientific manner. The subject of forensic sciences has also been linked to the protection of human rights especially in the prevailing methods of crime prosecution, which are mainly predicated on confessions extracted from suspects (usually under questionable circumstances), and through many other “traditional” ways of gathering and presenting evidence to the court, have come under scrutiny. Questions are now raised about the integrity and validity of such methods in the protection of human rights, dispensation of justice, and in crime prevention. However, this renewed interest and awareness by the public has not been matched by appropriate investment and development of forensic sciences in the country by either the private or public sector. Meanwhile, there is no shortage in the interest shown by young ones for a career in the forensic sciences, partly motivated by the “CSI effect”, but this enthusiasm has so far been met with comatose infrastructure, absent to poorly coordinated training programmes, and lack of necessary facilities for forensic science training and practice. The positive impact of a sound forensic science practice on Nigeria, in particular, and on the whole of the African continent and by extension to the rest of the world, cannot be overemphasized considering that the country is the most populous black nation on earth. However, to realize this huge potential, what is urgently needed is proper assessment of any available capacity in the country including third party services; appropriate investment by the public and public sectors in building and upgrading any local capacity in the forensic sciences; the establishment of standard forensic institutes by either the federal or state government or both; and the enactment of required legislation which would give legal backing to the various application of forensic science principles and products in the justice system for public good. WFF2014 3WFS-5 CURRENT STATE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IN IRAN 3rd WORLD FORENSIC SCIENCES Oct 16 (Thu) Arash Okazi Department of Forensic Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of About nine decades ago in Iran, Forensic Medicine was established as an office under Ministry of Justice. Due to judicial demands, the office was later upgraded to The Department of Legal Medicine by development of new methods of crime detection. Further quantitative and qualitative developments in providing services lead to approval of Legal Medicine Organization as an independent organization under supervision of the head of Judiciary System. The main activities of the Legal Medicine Organization include: medical and clinical expert interpretations, diagnostic and laboratory investigations, scientific research activities, response to enquiries referred by the government institutions and agencies, Educational activities including 3 month training of the medical doctors, training of midwifery, law and Police students. Due to the need for more specialized services, the Department of Forensic Medicine was established in Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1992 and began to train the residents of Forensic Medicine under supervision of Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Now a day, In Iran Forensic medicine is one of medical specialties and being a specialist requires completion of a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) program. Upon earning a medical degree, graduates continue in a residency program at least for three years. There are three main universities which train forensic medicine residents. After residency, most of the graduated physicians will be employed in Iranian Legal Medicine Organization but some of them choose hospitals, especially the subspecialty of clinical toxicology. At present the Legal Medicine Organization is a specialized system with decisive role in related court cases. The main divisions of the Forensic Medicine Organization in charge of responding to inquiries are as follows: medical examinations, autopsy, laboratories (toxicology, pathology, serology, DNA analysis) and medical commission. Over 320 branches around the country the organization responds to two million judicial requests every year. The organization employs more than 2500 full time personnel, two third of them are university graduates, including 50 percent with doctorate or higher degrees. Additionally, more than 3000 part time personnel in different medical subspecialties mostly university affiliates cooperate with the organization. 260 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 16 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) SS 16-1 MASS SPECTROMETRY VS DESIGNER SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS Marilyn A. Huestis, Ariane Wohlfarth, Karl B. Scheidweiler Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, USA Synthetic cannabinoids are widely abused cannabimimetic drugs that do not produce positive screening results on traditional cannabinoids immunoassays. Identification and quantification of new designer drugs or novel psychoactive substances is an important public health and safety issue; however, the metabolism of synthetic cannabinoids and appropriate urinary target analytes are frequently unknown. With more than 240 new designer drugs identified by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, these novel psychoactive substances are the emerging face of drug abuse. Our goals were to validate and optimize commercially available synthetic cannabinoid immunoassay performance, develop sensitive and specific qualitative and quantitative LCMSMS synthetic cannabinoid assays, utilize human liver microsomes, human hepatocytes and high-resolution (HR) mass spectrometry to characterize unknown synthetic cannabinoid metabolic profiles, identify unique urinary targets, and validate a high resolution mass spectrometry screening method for synthetic cannabinoids in urine. More than 20,000 authentic urine samples collected from around the world were analyzed by the Randox Biochip DOA-V synthetic cannabinoid immunoassay. There were 2501 presumptive positive (1401) and presumptive negative (1000) samples that were confirmed by a new qualitative LCMSMS method for 20 hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyindole and carboxy metabolites of JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-081, JWH-122, JWH-200, JWH-210, JWH-250, AM 2201 and RCS-4. Sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency were 98.3%, 48.1%, and 53.9%, respectively, at manufacturer’s proposed cutoffs. We utilized LC-MS/MS to optimize performance by identifying the best cutoff concentration for each antibody, and improved performance to 87.6%, 85.2%, and 85.4%. We then developed and validated an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneously quantifying 53 synthetic cannabinoids and their metabolites in urine. Quantification of synthetic cannabinoid analytes is important to determine analyte concentrations that might predict adverse effects. β-glucuronidase hydrolyzed urine was extracted with 1 ml Biotage SLE+ columns, and quantification by multiple reaction monitoring with CP 47,497 compounds and HU-210 ionized via negative polarity. All other analytes were acquired in positive mode. In addition, we developed an approach to elucidate the metabolic profiles of new designer drugs whose metabolism was unknown. Identifying appropriate urinary metabolites and providing their spectra, enable laboratories to search for and confirm synthetic cannabinoid intake. We incubated new synthetic cannabinoids with human hepatocytes, and utilized high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and software-assisted data mining to decipher metabolite structures. Human hepatocytes contain phase I and II enzymes in authentic concentrations providing a realistic metabolic spectrum. HRMS became popular in metabolite identification because accurate mass measurements for the intact molecule, in full-scan mode, and the fragments, in product ion scan mode, facilitate determination of the elemental composition and, thus, assignment of structures. Development of software that supports data mining enables rapid identification of expected and unexpected metabolites. To date, we utilized this approach to publish the human metabolic profiles of XLR-11, AKB-48, RCS-4, RCS-8, STS-135, 5F-PB-22 and PB-22 261 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Our laboratory conducts controlled drug administration studies, but these cannot be initiated currently, due to the lack of preclinical safety data to obtain an investigational new drug application from the US Food and Drug Administration. We are actively working to achieve these data and approval to conduct human studies, but until this is possible, we are contributing by improving identification and quantification of synthetic cannabinoids in urine. WFF2014 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) We developed a targeted screen for synthetic cannabinoids/metabolites including JWH-018, JWH-019, JWH-073, JWH-081, JWH-122, JWH-200, JWH-210, JWH-250, JWH-398, RCS-4, AM-2201, MAM-2201, UR-144, JWH-203, AM-694, RCS-8 and XLR-11. Rapid sample preparation included mixing urine samples with internal standards, dilution in 50% methanol/water and centrifugation to remove particulates. Ten µL supernatant was directly injected for LC-MS/MS analysis on the TripleTOF® 5600 mass spectrometer. Positive mode electrospray ionization-MS analysis to acquire full scans followed by informationdependent data acquisition MS/MS scans with 12 maximum candidate ions with or without inclusion lists. Data processing was based on a targeted approach with extraction ion list. Finally, we recently published a non-targeted SWATH acquisition method for identifying 47 of the most recent synthetic cannabinoid metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography-HRMS. We developed a number of mass spectrometry approaches to improve the identification and quantification of synthetic cannabinoids markers in urine. 262 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 16-2 DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DRUGS Alain Verstraete1, 2 1 Department of laboratory medicine, Ghent University Hosptial, Ghent, Belgium; 2Department of clinical chemistry, microbiology and immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 263 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) In 2011, more than 30,000 people died on the roads of the European Union. For every death on Europe's roads there are an estimated 4 permanently disabling injuries such as damage to the brain or spinal cord, 8 serious injuries and 50 minor injuries. The DRUID project, performed by 37 research institutes from 17 EU Member States and Norway, studied driving under the influence of drugs (DUID), alcohol and medicines in Europe between 2006 and 2011. Experimental studies were carried out with administration of medicinal and illicit drugs. In the EU roadside survey 3.48% (weighted EU average) of the drivers were positive for alcohol alone (> 0.1 g/L), 1.90% for illicit drugs, 1.36 % for medicinal drugs and 0.76% for combinations of alcohol and/or drugs. The percentage of drug and alcohol positive injured drivers varied from 28 to 53% and killed drivers from 30 to 51%. The relative risk of serious injury was highest (20-200 times) for alcohol >1.2g/L and combinations of alcohol and drugs and lowest (1–3 times) for cannabis and alcohol 0.1-0.5 g/L. The legislation on DUID can be subdivided into two categories: in impairment-type laws, the prosecution has to prove that the driver was impaired, or unfit to drive or under the influence of a substance. In per se type laws (in Germany, Belgium, Sweden, France, Finland, Switzerland, Denmark and Luxembourg) the presence of a drug in the blood of the driver constitutes an offence. The new legislations have been accompanied by method development for the detection of drugs in blood at low concentrations, and proficiency-testing programs have been set up. There is also discussion on analytical cut-offs. On medicinal drugs, a recent study extracted and matched data from three French nationwide databases: the national health care insurance database, police reports, and the national police database of injurious crashes. They found that users of level 2 (odds ratio [OR]  = 1.31 [1.24-1.40]) and level 3 (OR  = 1.25 [1.12-1.40]) prescription medicines were at higher risk of being responsible for a crash. The risk does seem lower than driving under the influence of 0.5 g/L of alcohol (OR approximately 2). For an efficient enforcement of the DUID legislation, police need a quick and reliable roadside drug test comparable to a breathalyser. A lot of research and development has been performed in the last 15 years and the nature of the drug molecules found in saliva, the expected concentrations and relationship with blood concentrations and impairment are now better understood. The quality of onsite tests for detecting drugs in oral fluid has improved and some tests can now detect 5 ng/ mL of THC in oral fluid. Random roadside testing shows promising results in changing driver behaviour in Australia, and an increasing number of countries have introduced roadside oral fluid drug testing in their legislation. For regranting driver’s licences to people who have lost them because of DUID or drug-related offences, several countries use hair analysis in order to determine whether the driver has used drugs in the last three months. In conclusion, DUID is a problem for road safety, but to a lesser degree than alcohol. It has also been the subject of a lot of research. Analytical toxicology can help in the enforcement process. WFF2014 SS 16-3 THE CHALLENGE OF NEW PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES Justice Tettey Laboratory and Scientific Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, Austria IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Over the past few years, the global drug markets have been characterised by the emergence of new psychoactive substances the so-called “legal highs”. While the phenomenon of NPS is not new, the unprecedented pace at which these have emerged worldwide is of growing concern to policy makers and poses an analytical challenge to forensic scientists. By October 2013, the emergence of 348 NPS had been reported to the UN from a total of 94 countries worldwide, a number well in excess of the 234 substances controlled under the international drug conventions. Some of these substances have been associated with deaths and other social harms. The presentation looks at the global emergence of NPS, the associated challenges, social harms, legislative responses at national and regional levels, and the efforts by international organizations, including the UN to address the issue. It concludes by describing the UNODC Early Warning Advisory (EWA) on NPS launched in June 2013 as a response to the emergence of NPS at the global level. The EWA supports the work of forensic laboratories, and currently reaches out to over 150 national forensic science laboratories in 52 countries participating in the UNODC International Collaborative Exercises programme. It also targets law enforcement and policy makers and aims to monitor, analyse and report trends on NPS, as a basis for effective evidence-based policy responses. 264 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SPECIAL SESSION 17 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI) SS 17-1 ILLICIT DRUG USE IN AUSTRALIA: PREVALENCE AND CONSEQUENCES Olaf H Drummer Head (Forensic Scientific Services), Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, and Head, Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh Street, Southbank 3006, Australia Australia has a relatively high per capita use of methamphetamine and cannabis. Methamphetamine use appears to be increasing despite long term controls over precursors and the re-scheduling of over the counter pseudoephedrine. Admissions of cannabis use is also relatively widespread and even the incidence of recent cannabis use in drivers is also relatively high, e.g. in fatal drivers the prevalence is 15%. Over the last several years numerous new psychoactive drugs have appeared in Australia as it has for the rest of the developed world. Most commonly these have been synthetic cannabinoids and simulants with effects similar to methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA). These illicit drugs also appear in forensic casework including sudden and unexpected death, often appearing in combination with each other, with alcohol, and with medicinal drugs. This presentation outlines the prevalence of drugs of abuse in the general community in Australia and how this compares to specific forensic cases. These data will be illustrated by case examples. IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) 265 WFF2014 SS 17-2 CASES OF DEATH RELATED TO MULTIPLE DRUG USE Daniel Isenschmid Forensic Toxicologist, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, United States IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Toxicologists are frequently called upon to assist the forensic pathologist in interpreting post mortem toxicology findings. Deaths involving drugs can occur in a variety of ways: people abuse drugs, take too much or too little of a drug, take the wrong drugs or too many drugs. While multiple prescribed drugs are frequently important for therapy, they can also be the source for potential drug interactions and, in some cases, abuse. This presentation will examine, through case reports, deaths due to multiple drug use that involve pediatric cases, cases where pharmacogenomics may have played a role, cases involving possible drug interactions, and cases involving drug abuse. After the presentation attendees will appreciate that interpretation of toxicology findings are contingent on the combination of a thorough scene investigation, history, autopsy findings and complete toxicological studies. 266 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 17-3 APPLICATION OF LC–Q-TOFMS TO FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Akira Ishii Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan 267 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Recently, liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometers (LC–Q-TOFMS) have been increasingly applied to forensic toxicology. The advantages of LC–Q-TOFMS are summarized as follows: 1) accurate mass values obtained in MS mode provide detailed information on the molecular formulas and the possible structures of target compounds, 2) profiles of product ions give accurate information of the fragments of precursor ions in order to discriminate some isomers, and 3) vast amount of information on compounds can be swiftly accumulated in MS/MS mode. In this presentation, we demonstrate several examples of LC–Q-TOFMS application in forensic toxicological analyses. (1)  Development of a rapid screening method for natural toxins in plasma samples. Although natural toxins (NTs) are one of the most important compounds in forensic toxicology, no effective routine screening method of NTs are currently available, due to the wide range of NTs properties. We have succeeded in determining 56 NTs in plasma samples as follows: 9 mushroom toxins (e.g., amanitins and musimol), 5 marine toxins (e.g. domoic acid and okadaic acid), 35 plant toxins (e.g. digoxin, α-solanine and aconitines), 3 venoms (e.g. bufotenine and bufalin) and 4 mycotoxins (e.g. aflatoxins). All the compounds were analyzed by LC–Q-TOFMS.  The combination of high resolution mass spectrometry and information dependent acquisition (IDA) revealed to be highly effective in simultaneously detecting NTs in forensic samples.  This database thus can be effective for NTs screening and can become a powerful tool to search NTs in routine forensic toxicological analysis. (2)  Identification of mifepristone and its metabolite in biological specimens. Mifepristone, a progesterone receptor antagonist, is used to end an early pregnancy. It is approved in the US, EU countries or China, but not in Japan; many patients thus purchase the medication privately on the internet. However, some side effects including massive bleeding occurred in some patients.  Although the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare decided to restrict private imports of the medication in 2004, mifepristone tablets have been still imported clandestinely. It is thus important to detect mifepristone in body fluids. We have succeeded in detecting and identifying mifepristone and its metabolite desmethylmifepriston in the plasma sample of an aborted fetus by LC–Q-TOFMS. The retention times, the exact mass values, and the MS/MS spectra were identical to those of authentic standard samples. However, it was impossible to obtain the MS/MS spectra using an ultra-performance LC (UPLC)–MS–MS. (3)  Analysis of the metabolites of a synthetic cannabinoid MAM 2201 in rat urine Since the late 2000s, synthetic cannabinoids have been widely circulated around the world; these drugs pose a huge challenge to the society. It is thus absolutely necessary not only to develop rapid and sensitive methods for determining these drugs, but also to determine their metabolites in body fluids. We have succeeded in determining several metabolites of MAM 2201 in rat urine samples by LC–Q-TOFMS.  MAM 2201 (5 mg/kg) was administered to Wister rats, and we obtained urine samples 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after administration. We could not detect Unchanged MAM 2201 or 3-(4-methyl-1-naphthoyl)indole, N-desalkyl-metabolite could not be detected in any urine samples; instead, we identified a defluonated and oxidized metabolite, a defluonated and carboxylated metabolite, and other metabolites. We also detected their conjugated metabolites. Taken together, LC–Q-TOFMS is a useful tool for sensitive detection and identification of drugs of abuse and poisons, and for exploring their metabolites. Our results have demonstrated the high potential for its wide application in the various fields of forensic toxicology. WFF2014 SPECIAL SESSION 18 DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE / CYBER FORENSIC / QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (DMS/CF/QD) SS 18-1 INTEGRITY VERIFICATION OF VIDEO CONTENTS IN A SURVEILLANCE CAMERA FOR DIGITAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATION Sangwook Lee, Jieun Song, Wan Yeon Lee, Heejo Lee Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Video surveillance using CCTV cameras and automobile black boxes has been increasingly popular. In criminal investigation or accident site examination, video contents stored in a surveillance camera provide a crucial evidence. Hence, the integrity of the video contents is very important for digital forensic investigations. However, commercial surveillance camera systems do not always support any integrity verification scheme due to their cost increment. For the purpose of the integrity of video contents in a legacy surveillance camera system, we propose two verification schemes. The first scheme searches a frame remaining in slack spaces and compares it with the frames allocated in the same storage device. If the video frame in the slack space is found equal to one in the allocated space, it can be considered as the broken integrity of the video contents with the extracted frame. The second scheme detects the change of meta data in video files such as structures and parameters in their headers. Modifying a video with an editing tool results in the change of the meta data of video files according to the codecs of the editing tool and rendering parameters. It is shown that we can verify the integrity of video contents and identify an editing tool if the video was modified. 268 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SS 18-2 APPLICATION OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL SHAPE IMAGES IN THE FIELD OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY Kazuhiko Imaizumi Second Biology Section, National Research Institute of Police Science, Chiba, Japan 269 IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) Thanks to a recent advancement of the three-dimensional (3D) measurement technique, 3D shapes of human body such as bone and face became frequently used in forensic anthropology field both for caseworks and researches. This presentation will introduce the forensic applications using 3D shapes ongoing in our laboratory and future prospects of 3D shape analysis on the progress of the forensic anthropology. In our laboratory, the usage of the 3D shapes for anthropological examination started in 2000 in a forensic facial comparison. The criminal's facial image captured at crime scene is compared with the 3D facial shape of the suspect by performing a superimposition. This novel method is very effective to adjust the facial angles of reference face (3D face) to case sample of which shooting angle varies in cases. The device capturing the 3D shape is in a phase of transition from floor-standing to portable since the floor-standing type has crucial disadvantage on a necessity for transport of the suspect to laboratory which might cause danger. In Japan, about 30 forensic laboratories of 47 in total are ongoing this 3D facial comparison. Considering recent increase of the surveillance camera placement at various areas, needs for this identification must increase in criminal investigation. The 3D imaging is also useful for bone identification. We installed a micro CT scanner in 2004 and have used it for examining small to minute bones in identification. The micro CT scanner is specially designed to obtain detailed CT image with exactly focused X-ray. Although the specimen size can be handled is smaller than in common medical CT scanner, it is a powerful tool to observe details of bone 3D histological structure which brings information for species identification, age estimation, tool mark identification, and so on. Medical CT scanner also has a big potential for forensic anthropology. One of the most expected applications is using for the cranio-facial superimposition with the 3D shape of skull obtained from cadaver's head CT scan. This superimposition method used to be performed by video-superimposition system which positions real skull to the same angles as of antemortem facial photograph. This requires real skull for comparison so that it is sometimes laborious to prepare the cleaned skull from skeletal remains or cadaver. The 3D skull images by CT scan can be alternative to the real skull. Besides the values in case works, the existing CT data, for example, those collected in autopsy imaging (Ai) could be treasurable source for the research on forensic bone identification. The 3D bone shapes extracted from the CT data which comes with the information of gender, age and stature must be important materials to develop or update the estimation methods for them. The 3D shape contains much information but it could be too complicated to conduct appropriate shape comparison. As the one of the solution to this problem, a homologous modeling method is commonly applied to analyze 3D shapes. The homologous model is a polygonal model consisting of the data points anatomically corresponded to each other. By using this modeling method, the 3D shape can be easily compared statistically. The studies used this modeling to reveal a facial shape alteration in aging and a sexual difference of bone shape will be presented. As described above, anthropological caseworks and researches now strongly relate to the 3D shape analysis. This current is very welcome in the progress of the forensic anthropology. A collaborative studies with digital and multimedia science must bring further productive applications to both fields. WFF2014 SS 18-3 THE FUTURE OF FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINATION – “SAME OLD SAME OLD” OR “THE END OF THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT”? Claude Roux Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Broadway, Australia IAFS SPECIAL SESSION Oct 17 (Fri) The dominant conception of forensic science as a patchwork of disciplines primarily assisting the criminal justice system (i.e. forensics) is in crisis or at least shows a series of anomalies and serious limitations. The symptoms have been largely discussed by various commentators and in a number of reports in recent years. Without a doubt, the 2009 report of the US National Academies of Science epitomises the criticisms. Further, the almost generalised adoption of stricter business models in forensic science casework compounded with ever-increasing normative and compliance processes place additional pressures on an area which already appears in difficulty. In this challenging context, where does the future of forensic document examination lie? This presentation will discuss current and future challenges faced by forensic document examination. It will also provide some possible answers. The current situation ultimately presents some significant opportunities to re-invent the discipline. 270 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA FSK-1 BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS IN KOREA: HISTORY, RESEARCHES AND CASE ANALYSES Young-Il Seo National Forensic Service, Korea FSK-2 THE PROPOSAL OF THE METHOD TO PROVE CRIME EVIDENCES IN WATER Il Pyeong Kim Korean Association of Maritime Crime Investigation, Korea The crime scene in water is easily removed compared to land. There are many restrictions that are the difficulties of preservation and the limits of collecting evidences. There are many unknown creatures in water or fresh water which influence the evidence from damaged body in crime. If you know the influence of creatures, criminals can get a cinviction by that. However, water, the special environment, FSK-3 THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON LEGAL AUTOPSY PERFORMED IN KOREA Byung Ha Choi National Forensic Service, Korea This statistical analysis of 4,861 legal autopsies performed in Korea in 2013 was conducted to obtain primary data about and related variables. The analysis revealed the following: 1. Of the total number of deaths, men accounted for and women, 26.8%. Evidently, the number of deaths among men was more than twice that among women. 2. With respect to mode of death, 54.3% were recorded as unnatural deaths, 38.7% were natural deaths, and 6.8% had unknown causes. Of the 2,633 unnatural deaths, 45.0% were accidental deaths; 26.4%, suicidal; 16.7%, homicidal; and 11.9%, undetermined. 3. Of the total number of unnatural deaths, 42.0% were trauma-related deaths, for which falling down was the leading cause, accounting for 33.9% cases. Asphyxiation was accounted for 16.0%, among which the predominant cause was hanging (55.3%). Moreover, 14.5% of deaths were due to drowning; 12.9%, poisoning; 11.0%, thermal injuries; 1.7%, complications in medical procedures; and 1.5%, electrocution, starvation, or neglect. 4. Among 1,886 natural deaths, heart diseases accounted for 52.1% and vascular diseases accounted for 16.9%. 5. There were 198 cases of deaths among children under the age of 10, of which 81 were unnatural and 40 were homicidal deaths. Of all cases, 9.2% had an unknown cause of death, and of these 72.4%, were putrefied or skeletonized bodies. Autopsy, Cause of death, Manner of death, Statistic, Korea KEYWORDS FSK-4 DIGITAL FORENSIC INVESTIGATION NETWORK IN KOREA 271 FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) In spite of the short history, Korea has achieved a significant progress in bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA). In 2006, a famous bloodstain pattern analyst, Ross Gardner taught Korean crime scene investigators about BPA. In 2008, Korean Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts (KABPA) was established. In 2009, Korean Police Agency established BPA Training Courses, and National Forensic Service (NFS) researched BPA. In 2010, a BPA textbook was translated into Korean language, and BPA played an important role in a homicide case in court and terms of BPA were used officially in court. In 2011, National Forensic Service did experiments on BPA: measurement of velocities of impact spatters by a hammer, and measurement of terminal velocity of blood droplet using high speed camera. Recently we have been researching the calculating method of the area of origin of impact spatters including the effect of gravity and air resistance. As a result, a simulation program was developed. In 2012, we analyzed bloodstain patterns in the scene of the homicide. We reconstructed assailant and victim’s behavior and inferred who is assailant by analyzing bloodstain patterns on the clothes of suspect and victim. In this case, bloodstain pattern analysts worked in close collaboration with medical examiners and DNA analysts. In court, the conclusions of BPA were accepted as reliable evidences. makes difficult or impossible to collect evidences. In contrast, creatures in water give us a lot of information. For example, evidences from plankton, abandoned corpse in water, time into the water or injured body parts by attached creatures. Using marine animal bite marks, adhesion of sea life, we need various methods to prove evidences, therefore many scientists should have interests to mix of learning. FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 Insoo Lee Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Korea Yunsik Jang Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan, Korea Information and communication technology (ICT) is widely used and rapidly changed in crime scenes, so it requires transition of traditional investigation methodologies. With the need, digital forensic science has been introduced and expanding the area, but still have many problems that nonIT experts like traditional investigators cannot cope with well. To foster digital forensic investigator can be a way to overcome the issue. But it cannot cover the ever-increasing demand of digital forensic investigation as well as it cannot be appropriate timely response in dynamic environment of IT techniques. Therefore, we like to introduce a new digital forensic investigation infrastructure of the Public Prosecutor’s Office, Republic of Korea, called D-NET, which has been designed and established with separate areas for traditional investigators and digital investigators and joint area for collaboration. We have implemented a diversity of programs to foster specialized digital investigation experts, to promote research and development of dedicated digital forensic tools and to create new investigation services. Since the first digital investigation special force was organized in 2005, total 7 teams have been created under regional prosecutor’s offices in a centralized system with the Supreme Public Prosecutors’ Office, increased the target fields with about 200% yearly growth. Although each country has different criminal law system, we have a common challenge how to combine our IT capacities with traditional investigational functions for effective digital investigation. Also, in addition to a need of research and development of digital forensic tools following emergence of new devices, scalability of computing environment for largesized mass data is a serious issue. To resolve these issues, the law enforcement Republic of Korea has established nationwide Digital Forensic Investigation Network (D-NET) that allows immediate information sharing between traditional investigators and digital investigators and remote analysis collaboration with off-site digital investigators based on a new model for digital forensic investigation service. Since 2009, D-NET has been designed, developed and improved for 4 years. This speaking contains our lessons learned with trials and errors during D-NET construction. Many digital forensic professionals work for cyber security including incident response in diverse organizations and information security technology has greatly contributed to the development of digital forensic knowledge, skills, and tools. The symbiotic relationship became a tradition in the community. But this is a rule with exceptions. The inherent wisdom about the practice of forensic science and technologies is that forensics is value-free and serves for the truth by finding facts. In some senses, it may stir up trouble as security is often defined as the state of absence of threats to acquired values. For illustration, the presenter uses some international cyber attack cases in which there was no confirmation of facts followed by international or domestic formal actions. It is also common for practitioners who have to serve for their employers who consider conflicting values other than the truth. Focusing on the international discussion about cyber security, it explores the points of different views and arguments concerning attribution of attackers and other fact-related issues. As a notion that the known truth will improve security, it discusses about how we can make digital forensics actionably applied to solve the problems. Personal approach such as code of ethics and institutional approach including international norm and investigative authority are included with suggestions. FSK-5 CYBER SECURITY AND DIGITAL FORENSICS: THOUGHTS ON THEIR RELATIONSHIP 272 FSK-6 A STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF FIRE ORIGIN BY SHADOW ANALYSIS Seunghun Lee1, Sung-Chul Shin1, Sang-Jun Lee1, Jae-Hun Han1, Youngsun Ryu1, Jaeseok Lee1, Donmook Choi1 1 Div. Crime Scene Investigation, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Gachon Univeristy, Sungnam, Korea (South) This study is about determination of fire origin by using the analysis of shadow that is recorded CCTV data at the fire scene. This analysis is based on straight and radiate nature of light. CCTV data does not need additional interpretation and it can be a obvious evidence as itself. So the determination of fire origin using CCTV can be recognized more important than the fire origin that is determined by using interpretation of fire pattern and analysis of electrical arc mapping when those determination conflict each other. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 At fire experiment with about 1m flame, we confirmed that 2-dimensional extension line is focused at the bottom of the fire. If the fire is burning at the same level with shadow, it indicates the point of origin exactly. In 3-dimensional analysis that connect extensional line between distinctive points the shadow and the object, the line focused in the Ø 50cm-circle. We estimate the reason of that is because of the character of combustion of gases. The line indicates not the point of origin but the flame that is over the point of origin. thus, you have to consider the line indicate the flame when you do 3-dimensional analysis. You can find the point that the ignition source and first combustible material had met at the below of the line focused circle. Despite of those error rate this techniques can provide more narrow area as a fire origin than established techniques. So it make you to save the time and working force in the fire investigation. We used this techniques to determine fire origin with 4 CCTV data that obtained from real fire scenes then we can find that the extension line focused at the fire origin on captured CCTV image exactly. KEYWORDS D O C U M E N T F O R G E RY; S E Q U E N C E DISCRIMINATION; SEAL IMPRESSION AND PRINTED TEXT FSK-8 ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPANT & PEDESTRIAN INJURY FSK-7 STUDY OF DISCRIMINATING THE SEQUENCE OF SEAL IMPRESSION AND PRINTED TEXT IN THE DOCUMENTS Ka Young Lee Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) We introduce a study of sequence discrimination of stamped seal impression and printed text in a document for the investigation of falsely signed documents. Using generalpurpose transparent adhesive tapes, we removed the top layer of the overlapping region of seal impression and printed text to reveal the materials under the top layer. A pair of digital images, taken from before and after exfoliation, are spatially aligned and examined for color change in the overlapping region. After finding the number of pixels turning from red to black and the number of pixels turning from black to red before and after the exfoliation using adhesive tapes, we compute the sequence discrimination index(SDI), a proposed metric to quantify the amount of changes in color components before and after the exfoliation. For a forged document involving printed text over seal impression, the exfoliation using adhesive tapes will remove a portion of printed text Jihun Choi National Forensic Service, Korea In recent, many occupants and pedestrian get unfairly insurance money for very slightly impact. The insurance company can not prove whether they are sick or not, and can not help paying for money. The money get unfairly from insurance company reaches about 37 million dollars and it is on an increasing trend. The money get unfairly from insurance company cause increasing insurance fee to innocent people who pay for their safety. we give a reasonable proof whether they may be sick or not in slightly impact. MADYMO(Mathematical Dynamic Models) is a computer simulation program developed by TNO in Netherland. This program is widely used in car company and is validated by real impact test. We used MADYMO program in various accidents especially for analysing of behavior of occupants and pedestrian. We reconstruct the accidents by using MADYMO program considering the impact velocity, car specification, height and weight of occupant and other conditions. As a consequence of this simulation, we can know the force or momentum acting on the parts of body. 273 FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS F I R E I N V E S T I G AT I O N ; S H A D O W ANALYSIS; CCTV ANALYSIS in the top layer of the overlapping region, resulting in a decrease in the black component and an increase in the red component. For an authentic document where seal is impressed over printed text, the exfoliation removes seal inkpad in the top layer, reducing red color pixels. Then we compute the sequence discrimination index(SDI) as the ratio of the number of pixels turning from red to black and from black to red. The red color component histograms involves a significant amount of shift as a result of exfoliation and the direction of histogram shift reveals if the document is authentic or forged. The proposed technique successfully discriminated the sequence of seal impression and printed text for a number of document samples prepared using various types of printers, seal inkpads, and in various document storage conditions as well as time duration of adhesive tape application. WFF2014 FSK-9 THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE BUILDING COLLAPSE USING MIDAS PROGRAM Chan-Seong Park, Jong-Heon Sim, Eui-Soo Kim, Jin-Pyo Kim, Nam-Kyu Park Division of Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea The structural analysis of the collapsed roof of the gymnasium is presented. The use of the Midas program has been adopted, which is the state-of-the-art analysis and design code for the structure of a building. The analysis shows that the support of the roof has been designed at both ends with fixed hinge structure, but it has been proved to be constructed with one fixed hinge structure and one sliding structure without performing structural analysis which lead to be the main cause of the collapse. FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, BUILDING COLLAPSE, MIDAS PROGRAM FSK-10 THE STUDY ABOUT THERMAL DEFORMATION OF BODY HAIR FROM ARSONIST USING INFLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES Sang-jun Lee Korean Institute of Fire Investigation, Korea Methods to arson are various, e.g. simple action to ignite inflammable materials such as garbage, etc. piled up on the street with lighter or match, to use combustion improver such as gasoline, lamp oil, thinner, etc., or to use ignition equipment which has high technology. This kind of arsonists must be arrested to be judged by the law, however, due to the characteristic of fire, the crime which use fire does not remain fingerprint, gene, mark, etc., which can identify the person. When there are several ignition parts, singularity, etc. was distinguished in the ignition parts, which look like an ignition equipments, combustion trace and remains by inflammable materials, etc. are observed where there had been no inflammable materials, etc., and if there are various circumstances are observed which can be judged as arson, through the scene of a fire identification, arson investigation is progressed. However, even if this kind of identification act was done, high-degree investigation technique and knowhow are required to specify an arsonist and get a confession 274 from the criminal. The arsonists who scatter and ignite highly inflammable materials sometimes have burn or get injured, or spark out at the scene due to the explosion of distillation, in some cases, they remain carbonization trace in their fiber texture of clothes or in their hair by a momentary flame. This research was composed based on the examples which verified arson by using hot creep shape of hair on the arsonists' body who used flammable gasoline. FSK-11 FORENSIC GENETIC ANALYSES OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOGROUPS AND CONTROL REGION VARIATION IN THE KOREAN POPULATION Seung Beom Hong1,2 , Ki Cheol Kim1, Wook Kim1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea; 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea We analyzed the distribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups and control region sequence variation using a 20-plex SNaPshot assay/sequencing to evaluate the possible genetic structure and differentiation as well as forensic purpose from 704 unrelated males residing in six major provinces in Korea. The most common mtDNA haplogroups were found to be D4 and B4, followed by A, D4a, and M7, which are prevalent in South/Northeast Asian populations. Based on the result of control region variation, a total of 558 different haplotypes characterized by 271 polymorphic sites were identified, of these 471 haplotypes were unique. The gene diversity and random match probability were 0.9989 and 0.0025, respectively. According to the pairwise comparison of the 704 control region sequences, a mean number of pairwise differences between individuals found to be 13.47 ± 6.06. Pairwise FST genetic distances revealed population homogeneity of six Korean provinces on a peninsula level, except samples from Jeju Island. In contrast, statistically significant distances were observed between Asian populations (p < 0.001). The present data may help not only in personal identification but also in determining maternal lineages for forensic purpose. These data will be available on the EMPOP database via accession number EMP00661. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 FSK-12 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION THROUGH STYLISTIC ANALYSIS Joohong Koh1, Hanseo Seo2 1 Central Documents Authentication Center, 2Yale Document Identification Center FSK-13 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN POSTMORTEM BLOOD USING LC-MS/MS AND A CASE REPORT, DEATH OF NICOTINE POISONING Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the Solanaceae plants and widely used as an insecticide in the past. Its median lethal dose (LD50) is 50 mg/kg for rats, 3 mg/kg for mice and 3060 mg (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) can be a lethal dose for adult humans. It acts as a stimulant in small amounts, but high doses can be harmful. A 56-year-old man found death in his office. Some search results of toxic substances (ex) cyanides, etc) for suicide were found in his computer and nicotine was detected in postmortem specimens. In this study, a simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of nicotine in postmortem blood was developed and validated. Acetonitrile was used for protein precipitation and supernatant was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electro spray ionization mass spectrometry. Analytes were separated by RESTEK Allure PFPP column (2.1 x 50 mm, 5 μm) using a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min to 1.0 mL/min at 35℃ with gradient elution. Mobile phase A was 2 mM ammonium formate in D.W and B was 2 mM ammonium formate in acetonitrile. Linear calibration curves were obtained at the concentration ranges and the method was validated by evaluating the selectivity, precision, accuracy and recovery were also performed. In this case, nicotine was identified and quantitated on analysis of postmortem specimens; heart blood and peripheral blood. This method can be successfully used to detect nicotine in biological samples. FSK-14 COMPARISON OF FOUR DIFFERENT SPE SORBENT TYPES APPLIED FOR FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Jiyeong Jo, Yujin Park, Heesang Lee, Sanghwan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Korea Solid phase extraction(SPE) is a useful method for extracting target compounds from other biomolecules in blood sample. For decades, it has been useful method to using Silanol based anion mixed mode cartridge for basic drugs extraction. Nowdays, as the preference of analytical instrument has been changed from GC-MS to LC-MS system, more simple and time-saving SPE methods have been developed. The types of sorbent cartridge to be used in this study were as follows: Agilent Bond Elute® certify(based on silanol anion mixed mode cartridge), Waters Oasis® HLB(based 275 FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) Most of the recent writings are done using document programs such as computers. And due to development of personal blog and SNS (social network service), writings performed on the Web are growing much more than by handwriting. In this environment, whether the documents printed out or writings on the Web have truth that the poster truly writes it or not is sometimes discussed. Those include threatening documents printed out after written on the computer, wills left on the Web or in smartphones, text messages and SNS such as KakaoTalk. Everyone has their own style of writing, which appears in their writings. These writing styles are different in details according to the individual, but sometimes show similarity if they are in the same age group, gender, educational level, personality and area of interest. The intrinsic writing style was judged through analyses of construction of a sentence, element, choice of mark, misspelling, repeated word, link word, and various signs for schematization, but these days, frequency of use regarding abbreviation, repetition of sign, emoticon, enumerating consonants and vowels, Internet neologism, and slang should be considered. The importance of identifying writers through analysis of the individual’s distinctive style, that is, writing style, is expected to rise. It is expected that this research, through cases, introduces methods of analyzing styles, examines whether writing styles are appropriate to the personal identification or whether it is useful for distinguishing writers, and contributes to deeper study and finding observation methods, such as elements to be added in the stylistic analysis methods and new analysis methods in the future, tenuous though it may be. Hyesun Yum Narcotics, Forensic Toxicology & Chemistry Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul (Korea) WFF2014 on polymer retains both polar and non-polar compounds), Agilent Captiva® ND lipids(0.2 ㎛ filter combined with polymer which is effects on elimination of phospholipids) and Biotage Isolute® SLE+(packed with an diatomaceous earth). The sorbents were compared in various aspects – extraction rates for prescription drugs and pesticides, simplicity of extraction process, lead time and cost. FSK-15 THE PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS AND ANALYSIS OF IGNITABLE LIQUIDS FORENSIC SCIENCES IN KOREA Oct 17 (Fri) Geum-Mun Nam Chemical Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Korea The analysis of ignitable liquids from fire debris is a very important step in determining the cause of a fire. The analysis of the pyrolysis products allow for the identification of distinctive features of interior decoration materials mainly used in Korea, like floor paper, wallpaper, curtains, and carpets. Pyrolysis products of manufactured goods by polymer resins consist of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds. The chromatogram of pyrolysis products of goods manufactured by PP, PE, and PB, and the printing products with petroleum solvents are similar to ignitable liquids. The pyrolysis products and residual accelerant are distinguished from the fire debris. The best method for overcoming background interference by pyrosis products was analysis by GC/MSD and analysis of mass spectra. Target compounds were selected from components of each petroleum and examined to see whether or not the fire was due to arson. 276 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 01 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ): ETHICS LAW EDUCATION O 01-1 100 YEARS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE EDUCATION THAT WENT WRONG? WHERE TO FROM HERE? Claude Roux1, Frank Crispino2 , Olivier Ribaux3 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, Australia; 2Département Chimie-Biologie, Université Du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada; 3Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland EDUCATION; SPECIALISMS; FORENSIC SCIENCE CULTURE KEYWORDS OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR IDENTIFICATION Steven Johnson Executive Committee, The International Association for Identification, Hollywood, Fl, United States The International Association for Identification (IAI) is the oldest and largest forensic association in the world. This professional forensic association represents a diverse, knowledgeable and experienced membership that are assembled to educate, share, critique and publish methods, techniques and research in the physical forensic science disciplines. This presentation will provide the attendees an overview of the IAI, its rich history, the various disciplines it represents, the educational and research support it offers as well as its vision for the future. With the forensic sciences under more scrutiny than at any time in history, it is important to have organizations such as the IAI advocate and represent the interests of the various forensic disciplines. Disciplines represented by the IAI include : Biometric Information Systems Bloodstain Pattern Identification Crime Scene Investigation Digital Evidence Firearms/Toolmark Examination Footwear/Tire Track Examination Forensic Anthropology Forensic Art Forensic Odontology Forensic Photography and Electronic Digital Imaging Forensic Podiatry General Forensics Latent Print Examination Questioned Documents Tenprint Examination Additionally, the IAI is one of the preeminent organizations with regard to certification of a number of these disciplines (Latent Print Examination, Crime Scene Analysis and Bloodstain Pattern Identification, to name a few). As the world moves toward a more formalized and standardized approach to the forensic sciences, certification will likely be a resultant requirement. With nearly 7500 member representing over 80 countries and a history that spans nearly one hundred years, it is the goal of the IAI to continue with its outreach effort, research, standards development as well as provide training and mentoring opportunities around the world. KEYWORDS FORENSICS; CERTIFICATION; TRAINING 279 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) In a previous presentation [1], it was observed that, through the second half of the 20th Century, forensic science education had deviated from a promising start to broadly adopt the views of traditional ‘specialisms’, where forensic science is an interesting flavour to specialists of other disciplines but not a discipline on its own right. While this fundamental issue is arguably at the root of many symptomatic issues identified in many reports and reviews over the last decade [2], there is no consensus on the solution and the main question remains : where to from here? Recognising the urgent need to re-focus forensic science education on its main object of study, the crime and its traces, this paper presents a series of recommendations that will enable, in an ever-changing and challenging environment, the development of future forensic practitioners in such a way they provide a more efficient and more effective service to the justice system as well as to the security system as a whole. 1. R oux C., Crispino F., Ribaux O. From the Scientific Policeman and Magistrate to the QA-Compliant Laboratory Specialist – 100 Years of Forensic Science Education that Went Wrong?, 2012 ANZFSS Symposium, Hobart. 2. Roux C., Crispino F., Ribaux O. From forensics to forensic science, Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 24 (1), 2012, 7-24. O 01-2 WFF2014 O 01-3 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN FORENSIC SCIENCES: STANDARDIZATION AND ACCREDITATION IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Haluk Ince1, Yuksel Yazici2 , Andreas Bedate Guitrez3 , Pedro Manuel Garamendi4 , Jos Toth5 , Ipek Esen Melez6 1 Clinical Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Ministry of Justice, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Espana Department of Forensic Medicine, Madrid, Spain; 4 Forensic Medicine, Huvelva Forensic Medicine, Huvelva, Spain; 5Forensic Science, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 6Forensic Medicine, Bezmi Alem University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction : “Standardization and accreditation” have to be indispensable features of the units in the field of forensic sciences. Though national endeavors are stubborn facts in achieving this aim, realizing this process with an international cooperation requires a great deal of devotion and cooperation motivation. The pivotal factor in achieving this project is the result-oriented approach of the participants. The purpose of this article is to inform what kind of a cooperation process occurred from the beginning to the end of this project and to tell the outcomes. In order to maintain a common quality, accreditation and standardization in forensic sciences throughout the world, it is vital to be devoted nationwide and to attain an international measurement unity. Material and Method : This study, for the accreditation of laboratory methods was carried out at 3 forensic science laboratories in Turkey within a period of two years between Turkish and Dutch/Spanish forensic science experts. This project aimed to get the 3 laboratories studying in the field of forensic sciences accredited with 12 methods and ISO 17025; and to make sure that ISO 17020 the Best Practice Manuel on crime scene investigation would be written. Throughout the project, all the processes were analyzed by percentage, mean and median. Findings : In the course of 25 months, accompanied by 108 international expert instructors, 1037 Turkish forensic science experts were trained for 359 hours. International experts from Spain, Holland, Portuguese, Germany, Switzerland, and Belgium participated in the study. Almost in all fields of the forensic sciences like biomechanics, trace examination, toxicology, forensic pathology, and postmortem microbiology, 359 hours of training were provided. At the end of the project, within the standards of ISO 17025, Turkish forensic science laboratories underwent an 280 accreditation control by external auditors and 12 methods of the 3 laboratories got accredited. ISO 17020 the Best Practice Manuel was written. 36 discussion topics on forensic sciences expertise between the European Union and Turkey were resolved. Discussion and Conclusion : Substantial limits of international cooperation projects are the lack of a language unity, and the difference among states in sociological and legal processes. These and many other factors threatening the success of the project were overcome with a strong executive determination, and with the will to constitute “standardization and accreditation” all the hardships were handled. Nowadays, the perception of quality with “standardization and accreditation” in the field of forensic sciences has become the cardinal principal to protect the rights of people, to make sure they lead a happy and peaceful life. This is a significant support to the concept “State of Law” and also an assurance to the society. It is only possible through an international cooperation for the forensic sciences, the primary support of the legal and administrative jurisdiction in the decision making process, to reach an acceptable progress level in the whole world. In accordance with this aim, hoping to be a pioneer with its examples and believing in the necessity to share the process, this study was committed to paper. STANDARDIZATION; ACCREDITATION; FORENSIC SCIENCES KEYWORDS O 01-4 FORENSIC MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE FOR THE JUDICIARY John Coldrey Council, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia The Courts are becoming increasingly reliant on the evidence of forensic medical and scientific experts. If the evidence of these experts is unreliable through ignorance, negligence, bias, arrogance or just plain dishonesty, innocent people can be convicted. There is nothing more calculated to reduce confidence in the criminal law, and hence the rule of law, than wrongful convictions. This paper examines examples from the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia where forensic evidence proved to be a potent recipe for injustice. It argues that the aim of the expert witness should be to discover and reveal the truth of the matter under investigation wherever that WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 truth may lead. Further, Courts must be vigilant to ensure the competence of expert witnesses and that their evidence does not extend beyond their areas of expertise. KEYWORDS FORENSIC; MEDICAL; EVIDENCE O 01-6 THE ANOMALY OF A MONOPOLY; DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN FORENSIC MEDICAL SERVICES IN A COUNTRY WITH ONLY ONE FORENSIC INSTITUTE (A PERSPECTIVE) Maya Furman-Reznic1, Chen Kugel2 1 Forensic Medicine, Independant, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2Forensic Medicine, National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel KEYWORDS EXPERT OPINION; DEFENDANT RIGHTS; INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) The National Institute of Forensic Medicine (NIFM) is the only institute of forensic medicine in Israel. This institute is affiliated to the ministry of health. The institute had been working in professional solitude for almost 50 years, since it was established, without criticism or competition from external professional organizations. Between the years 2005-2014 the authors established an independent service which issued consultation in forensic medicine. We describe the disadvantages of having only one governmental forensic institute. We believe this has implications on the quality of work done by the NIFM and also has impact on the general conduct of forensic physicians, and eventually may lead to miscarriage of justice and violation of defendants’ rights. The apparent problems arising from this the situation are : - Lack of competition or criticism from colleagues leading to lower quality of work in general, as cases will keep coming in whether the opinions issued are of a desirable quality or not. Unfounded statements may be presented to the court by state experts which may go unchallenged, leading to miscarriage of justice. - Though the NIFM was established as a neutral institution it works constantly with the police and prosecution. This may lead to friendships and unaware bias when a forensic physician is assisting “a friend” in a case. - The courts tend to automatically accept the opinion of the governmental institute since it is perceived as objective, part of the system and even undisputable. - While through the years friendship and trust develops between physicians and prosecutors, there is a lack of a working relationship with defense lawyers and abstention from opinions for the defense; this leads to estrangement and fear of defense lawyers who are considered as adversaries of the physicians and not as crucial part- takers in the legal proceeding. - Having no forensic specialist to turn to, defense lawyers have no possibility to read the forensic medical report in a critical manner this may compromise defendant rights to effective council. This abstention from opinions for the defense, we believe, makes the NIFM part of the prosecution, not by official affiliation but through setting common goals and working together to achieve them. We will present possible solutions such as creating at least one other institute or a separate section in the existing institute which the serves the defense. Also easier more prompt solutions would be founding of a quality assurance system and giving autonomy to state experts to give consultation to the defense and issue their own report if he or she holds a different opinion to that previously given by a colleague. We conclude that a monopoly in forensic medicine should be avoided in a country wishing to develop objective and qualitative public forensic medical services. The authors would like to receive reports of similar situations in other countries and how they are dealt with ORAL PRESENTATION 02 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) O 02-1 ASSESSING SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND ALLOMETRY WITHIN A WHITE SOUTH AFRICAN SAMPLE USING GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICSASSESSING SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND ALLOMETRY WITHIN A WHITE SOUTH AFRICAN SAMPLE USING GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS Candice Small, Desiré Brits, Jason Hemingway Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Sexual dimorphism is one of four critical factors assessed by forensic anthropologists when compiling biological profiles during forensic investigations. Numerous skeletal elements have been assessed for sexual dimorphism but, after the 281 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) WFF2014 pelvis, the skull is one of the most accurate and often best preserved. In the last 10 years, geometric morphometric methods have been gaining favour as a means of estimating sex due to its objectivity, aptitude for retaining all geometric shape information about the object being studied and its ability to discern shape differences independent of size. Allometry, or the scaling effect of size on shape, is critically important for the understanding of sexual dimorphism and hence this investigation applied geometric morphometric methods to study the effects of sexual dimorphism and allometry on white South African crania. The sample comprised 229 individuals (118 males and 111 females) aged 18-95 years. Global analyses were conducted on the visceroand basicranium as a whole and subsequent regional analyses were also conducted on regional data in which the crania were subdivided into the alveoli, zygomatic arches, nasal aperture and orbits. The effects of sexual dimorphism were explored by permutation tests using Procrustes distances and modelled using discriminant function analyses. Subsequent to the removal of the effect of sexual dimorphism by group mean subtraction, allometric effect was analysed by multiple regression of centroid size on Procrustes residuals. The effect of sexual dimorphism proved universal, with significant differences being observed between the sexes both globally and in every structure analysed regionally as well. Furthermore, allometry was shown to contribute significantly to basicranial, nasal and orbital structure in both a synergistic and antagonistic fashion. In conclusion, we demonstrated not only the unique ability of geometric morphometrics to detect the subtle nuances of both sex and size dimorphism but also its ability to detect allometric affect. We also demonstrate not only the presence of sexual dimorphism and allometric affect in white South Africans, but also clarify the effect it has on various craniofacial structures. These results are significant as they broaden current knowledge about the population under investigation and may help improve anthropological standards in future. KEYWORDS SEXUAL DIMORPHISM; ALLOMETRY; GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS O 02-2 SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN FOOT LENGTH RATIOS AMONG NORTH INDIAN POPULATION Kewal Krishan1, Tanuj Kanchan1, Neelam Passi1 1 Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India; 3Department of Anthropology, 282 Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Forensic anthropology involves the examination and identification of unknown skeletal, dismembered and commingled remains in a legal context. This process focuses on establishing the biological profile of the deceased. Estimation of sex along with other parameters of identification like stature, age and ancestry is one of the foremost criteria in establishing the biological profile of an individual. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences in the foot length ratios in a North Indian population. The study was conducted on 149 females and 154 males aged from 13 to 18 years. Foot length measurements were taken from pternion to the most anterior part of each toe and designated as T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively for first to fifth toes on both the feet in each subject using standard methods and techniques. Foot length measurements did not show any statistically significant right-left differences. Hence, mean of right and left measurements was used in the study. Side differences the foot lengths at each toe were calculated and tested using paired t-test. All possible foot ratios between different foot length measurements were computed. A total of ten ratios (T1 : T2, T1 : T3, T1 : T4, T1 : T5, T2 : T3, T2 : T4, T2 : T5, T3 : T4, T3 : T5, and T4 : T5) were thus, obtained and the same were analysed for sex differences using Student’s t-test. Stature was measured in each participant and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to find the correlation between various measurements of the foot and foot length ratios and stature. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Foot length dimensions from each toe (T1 to T5) and stature were found to be significantly higher in males than females. The stature is found to be positively and significantly correlated with various foot measurements in males and females. The foot length ratios however, did not show any statistically significant correlation with stature. With regard to male-female differences in foot length ratios, statistically significant sex differences were exhibited by ratios between T1 and T2 (p=0.002), T1 and T3 (p=0.001), T1 and T4 (p<0.001), T1 and T5 (p=0.001), and T2 and T4 (p=0.014). Other foot length ratios did not show any statistically sex differences in the present investigation. Maximum sex differences were evident for foot length ratio between T1 and T4, and minimum for the ratio between T2 and T4. Though foot length measurements are significantly larger in males, its utility in sex differentiation may be limited owing to its direct correlation with stature of an individual. It has been observed that the foot length ratios are independent of WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 stature and thus, can be considered a better sex determinant since it is not influenced by the body built of an individual. Apart from ratio between T2 and T4, only the foot length ratios with reference to first toe (T1 : T2, T1 : T3, T1 : T4, T1 : T5) were found to exhibit significant sex-differences. The present research concludes that the foot length ratios may prove to be valuable in estimation of sex. contemporary adult Han Chinese population and indicates excellent sexual discriminatory ability. Cone beam computed tomography scan can be an alternative source for contemporary osteometric techniques. KEYWORDS MANDIBLE; SEX DIMORPHISM; CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C A N T H R O P O L O G Y; S E X DETERMINATION; FOOT LENGTH RATIOS O 02-4 O 02-3 NEW APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SEX ESTIMATION: DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH POPULATION STANDARDS SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF THE MANDIBLE IN THE CONTEMPORARY CHINESE HAN POPULATION BY CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EVALUATION Oznur Gulhan, Karl Harrison Department of Engineering and Applied Science, Cranfield Forensic Institue, Swindon, United Kingdom Hongmei Dong1, Mohong Deng2 , Jiao Mu1, Ji Zhang1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; 2 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Key Lab for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 283 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) A present limitation of forensic anthropology practice in China is the lack of some population-specific criteria on contemporary human skeletons. In this study, a sample of 203 maxillofacial CBCT images, including 98 male cases and 105 female cases aged from 20 to 65 years, was studied to explore mandible sexual dimorphism in a population of contemporary adult Han Chinese, to investigate the potential of the mandible as sex indicators. A three-dimensional image from CBCT scans of the mandible was reconstructed using SimPlant Pro 11.40 software. Five linear and one angular parameters were measured on the left mandible. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) and logistic regression analysis (LRA) were used to develop the mathematics models for sex determination based on combinations of the selected measurements. All of the measurements examined were found to be sexually dimorphic in which the maximum mandibular length was the most dimorphic. The direct multivariate DFA and LRA equation correctly estimated sex of 87.7% and 88.2% mandibles respectively. And the stepwise multivariate DFA and LRA produced the sex allocation accuracy of 85.7% and 86.2%. In general, multivariate LRA obtained a higher accuracy with lower sex bias, so it’s a more reliable statistical tool for sex determination by the mandible in this sample. The results suggest that the mandible expresses sexual dimorphism in The identification of victims involved in mass fatality incidents has become an increasingly important issue nowadays, and identification of unknown individuals is an important aspect in criminal cases and disaster victim identification scenarios. Therefore, sex estimation is one of the most important biological attributes towards establishing personal identity. In addition, several studies have demonstrated that metric sex determination methods of the skeleton are population specific due to variation in size and patterns of sexual dimorphism. Unfortunately, the modern Turkish population still lacks wide and representative population standards for identification. Previous research have shown that modern technologies such as CT scanning can be proven very promising in establishing new standards for contemporary populations. The main aim of this project is to examine the application of the measurements taken from the femur to assess sex, and to contribute to the establishment of discriminant function equations for the Turkish population for forensic applications. The sample population was composed of CT images taken from 200 adult hospital patients. The 3D reconstructions were created using the volume-rendering function in Osirix (v.5.6.). Following 3D volume rendering, image of the femur was then segmented from the surrounding bones to ensure correct landmarks can be used as accurately as possible. The 3D rendered image of the femur was then automatically regulated to orientate the image in the desired plane in which the bone would lie on an osteometric board. Thirteen metric measurements were applied to each image from 3D landmarks. The landmarks were acquired using a 3D viewer and were located and marked on the CT reconstructed femur. Thirteen anthropometric parameters were measured and WFF2014 analysed by basic descriptive statistics and discriminant analysis methods using the SPSS 21.0 software package. The intra-observer variation was assessed by obtaining the inter-cross correlation coefficient in order to evaluate the accuracy of the linear measurements taken. Asymmetry and age influence were also tested. Preliminary results indicated that the optimal accuracy of 89.5% was acquired from a combination of all the measurements. Different data sets were extracted for comparison purposes from the literature. Ultimately, it is envisaged that this research study will produce data and interpretations that will inform on and improve standards of sex estimation from postcranial osteometric landmarks. Additionally, this research will consider how this data provides value for a developing discipline of forensic anthropology, and how it integrates within the existing systems of criminal investigation and disaster victim identification practices in Turkey. KEYWORDS C O M P U T E D T O M O G R A P H Y ; 3 D RECONSTRUCTION; SEX DETERMINATION O 02-6 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) APPLICATION OF CRANIOMETRIC DATA IN ASSESSING ANCESTRAL RELATIONSHIPS OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN SRI LANKA – A PRELIMINARY STUDY Clifford Perera Dept. Of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka Introduction : Craniometric data has been used widely to predict ancestry of various population groups since the advent of the twentieth century. Most of these studies have been carried out by European anthropologists. Sri Lanka is presently recognized as a country of multiple ethnicities and hence becomes an optimal source to assess ancestral roots of various ethnic groups inhabited the country through scientific means such as craniometric analyses in anthropological studies. The craniometric analyses also provide opportunity to establish identification through skeletal data. Objectives : The objective of the study was to determine ancestral relationship of Sinhalese population by analysing craniometric data through the freeware program CRANID which allows to do a linear discriminant analysis and a nearest neighbour discriminant analysis with 29 measurements on an individual cranium. It assumes that the individual cranium is within the range of variation of modern Homo sapiens. 284 According to the CRANID program, the human cranium is classified after comparison with 74 samples that include 3, 163 crania from around the world. Essentially the program is evaluating morphological similarity and dissimilarity. From these morphological results, and because of the high correlation between cranial morphology and geographical origin, ancestry can be inferred. Material : In population skeletal studies it is essential to have a sample which is equally representative of all ethnicities and age ranges to derive reasonable conclusions. However achieving that goal is not always an easy task as it is difficult to obtain skeletal samples towards extremes of life on frequent basis. Sri Lanka though comparatively limited in geographical area is a multi-ethnic country and hence any skeletal sample intended for ancestral study should be representative of all major ethnicities. In a country which fought a civil war for more than three decades in its north and east regions, this would be an uphill task. Therefore for obvious reasons major representation of skeletal remains in our sample came from majority Sinhalese population. We have examined 114 intact crania of known individuals retained from coronial autopsy cases referred to the MedicoLegal Unit of Galle Sri Lanka. A wider distribution of population sample is anticipated at the second phase of the study by incorporating crania of known individuals retained by university anatomy departments. Formal ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Ethics committee of the University of Melbourne. Method : Prescribed anthropometric measurements were obtained from provenanced intact crania as initial part of the study by a physical anthropologist and the principal researcher using pre-tested anthropometric equipment. The analysis of data was done in United Kingdom and in the University of Melbourne, Australia using the CR5Ind.ZIP programme. Results and Conclusions : Provisional craniometric assessment of predominantly Sinhalese skulls for biodistance has provided data of wider separation from that of Indian skulls studied previously. Modern Sri Lankans may still be identified socially as Sinhalese, but nevertheless have a more recent component of their ancestry that is mixed. CRANIOMETRY; ANCESTRY CRANID; ANTHROPOLOGY SRI LANKA KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 03 VARIATION; HANDWRITING DIVERSITY QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD): HANDWRITING O 03-3 O 03-1 EXAMINATION TO A TYPICAL CASE OF INNERVARIATIONAL CHINESE HANDWRITING AND RELATIVE RESEARCH Li Bing, Huang Xu Key Laboratory for Evidence Law. (CUPL), Center of Cooperative Innovation for Judicial Civilization, China, Beijing, China KEYWORDS CHINESE HANDWRITING; INNER- Shruti Gupta, Rakesh Garg, Surinder Nath Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India The connotation behind undertaking this research is that, if the range of natural variations in handwriting has been discovered it can be reliable and substantial solution for authenticating any document as genuine. Three handwriting samples - two in present handwriting (a gap of 5-10 minutes between the two) and one old or past handwriting (gap ranged from 2-33 years between present and old handwritings) samples were collected from 540 (from both genders) individuals each, from 9 different age groups. The samples were analyzed and measurements were taken through transparencies made from Auto CAD software. A range of natural variations for size and proportion of letters (’of’, ‘it’, ‘ly’, ‘ed’ and ‘he’) has been deduced in terms of numeral values separately for both the genders as well as for different age groups. These findings are expected to relieve experts from the requirement and dependability on contemporary writings by providing them the range of natural variations for size and proportion of letters. KEYWORDS N AT U R A L VA R I AT I O N S ; S I Z E A N D PROPORTION; CONTEMPORARY WRITINGS O 03-4 A METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF HANDWRITTEN LINES USING WAVELET AND SUBSPACE METHOD Takeshi Furukawa Forensic Science Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Police Headquarters, Mito, Japan This article proposes a new indicator for handwriting examination in forensic science. Main method to identify individuals from handwriting in today is to observe features of handwriting by eyes of document examiners. There are problems in above conventional method because different features were selected in process of features selection by even in a document examiner and by also among document examiners. In the situation it is proposed that engineering 285 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) In China, Handwriting Examination is an extremely important item in Questioned Document examination. Chinese character is very complex, especially affected by the traditional calligraphy. People who practice handwriting regularly and have a higher level writing skill may easily appear writing diversity. The writing diversity caused by inner-variation can make special experts puzzled, even leading to a wrong conclusion. This article introduces a typical case in practice that shows the suspect writer’s strong writing diversity. It caused a heated argument between the experts through the whole examining process. Then the article describes the method of examination, the process of the examination as well as the problems appeared during the examining process and the solution to them. After the experts’ debate, they reach a consensus and give an opinion. This paper discusses the reasons of the conclusion in detail. According to the typical case, this paper also explores the issues of diversity related to Chinese handwriting from different levels. For example, it talks about the kind of people whose handwriting show strong inner-variation more easily, and how to judge that the writer has writing diversity, such as through the questioned handwriting itself, through the handwriting of samples, and through the comparison between the questioned handwriting and handwriting of samples. As time goes by, people’s handwriting will change to some extent. But the new changes will not immediately replace the original writing style, some of the new and old features may appear together frequently in a certain time, which has a law. The article does a preliminary research to explore the law and introduce some basic findings. Next, the paper emphasizes the importance of the quantity and quality of the handwriting samples. Then try to utilize the other materials in the case to confirm expert opinion on the whole. ESTIMATION OF RANGE OF NATURAL VARIATIONS FOR SIZE AND PROPORTION OF LETTERS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) WFF2014 methods to extract features using pattern recognition in computer science such as strokes directions, or start, end, cross points on coordinates of strokes. The above structural feature of handwriting is visible by human naked eyes however it is easy for disguiser to imitate the genuine handwriting and to disguise the forgery. In addition, it is easy even for ordinary people to control their handwriting consciously in order to change their habit in handwriting. We propose a new method to utilize almost invisible features such as widths and depths of strokes. It had already reported in other initial articles that there is strong correlation between widths, depths of stroke and pen-tip force. Accordingly these indicators reflect pen-tip movement which produces handwriting. In addition, there were individual differences among people in widths, depths in strokes via directions. In initial articles short lines of four strokes were tested in the experiments in order to be simple in conditions. This article tried to identify writers from written short lines which were composed of four directions of strokes using subspace method. The short handwritten lines were scanned by a flat bed type image scanner (Creo, iQsmart3) at high resolution (5400dpi). After binarization in preprocessing the contours of short lines were extracted from binarized handwritten lines. Profiles were obtained by being subtracted from upper (right) contours to lower (left) contours. These profiles were determined to the features. The profiles were decomposed using three scales of wavelet decomposition. Crossing point between the decomposed profiles which were obtained above process and zero on y-axis were counted. These numbers of zero-crossing points were determined to indicators in this experiment. At first the indicators were analyzed with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) among three factors (subjects, directions, and scales). Next the indicators were also analyzed with PCA (Principle Component Analysis) in order to grasp differences among subjects. Finally, test of identifying writers, between training data and test data was yielded using subspace method. The result of ANOVA showed the differences among the ten subjects were larger than the difference in the each subject. The eigen values and the eigen vectors were obtained with using PCA and these values were plotted on the three dimension graph. The graph showed the tendencies among subjects. We will present the details of the result at the conference. KEYWORDS METHOD 286 HANDWRITING; WAVELET; SUBSPACE O 03-5 FORENSICS IN TORN PAPER PIECES - A CASE REPORT Meenakshi Mahajan 1 Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Nr, Dharamshala, India; 2Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India A young woman after one year of marriage was living with her parents and hanged herself in her bedroom. The father lodged a complaint with the police and held her in-laws responsible as she was frequently subjected to mental and physical torture. Three weeks later, torn paper pieces (~ 380 in numbers) were recovered underneath the bed while cleaning the floor area with the help of a broom. The torn pieces were too small to enable one to read the writing and make out sense from the writing on the torn pieces. All paper pieces were sent to the forensic laboratory for reconstruction of document and to fix the authorship. On the basis of geometrical parameters, document torn into pieces was reconstructed. The contents could be read out from the reconstructed document, authorship was fixed and that verified the version of the deceased’s father. KEYWORDS TO R N P I E C E S ; R E C O N S T R U C T I O N ; GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS O 03-6 VERIFICATION ON HANDWRITING OF ENDANGERED PERSON Wang Yanling1, Xia Ofeng Bai2 1 Forensic Science Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China; 2Document Examination, China Criminal Police Coolge, Shenyang, China Abstract : In the authentication of civil dispute cases, endangered person’s handwritings are frequently encountered by document examination authenticator. Accurate judgment and examination of this kind of handwriting could lay a solid foundation for case identification and civil dispute resolution. The author explores the handwriting of endangered person from aspects of its causes, accordances, characteristics and examination on basis of work experience of several real cases. The handwriting of endangered is a kind of handwriting written under clear consciousness, but due to illness, death, writing hypofunction which lead to writing skills into obvious degeneration stage. The civil dispute cases WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 usually concern this kind of handwriting, such as wills and messages. A person’s handwriting varies in different ages. In general, old peoples’ writing skills gradually degradation. In addition, there is a special case. Long or endangered person due to physiological organ aging, intelligence, physical decline, theirs’ handwriting will obviously decline. Handwriting characteristics of endangered person are messy layout, not by the grid lines; illegible, loose structure; the pen jerky and weakness. Verification point on handwriting of endangered person is to judge its authenticity from the whole suspicious file. Distinguish the endangered person handwriting from camouflage handwriting and imitation handwriting. Try to use the same period of sample and refer the sample before the case. The article puts forward the proposition that as long as we make careful analysis on its characteristics, differentiate on other fabricating tricks and compare within contemporaneous samples, the handwriting of endangered person can be accurately identified and examined. ENDANGERED PERSON; HANDWRITING; VERIFICATION KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 04 O 04-1 THE INTEGRATED SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO HUMAN IDENTIFICATION IN CHALLENGING CONTEXTS John Byrd1, Maria Delores Morcillo2 , Michael Warren3 , Thomas Holland1, Cristina Cattaneo4 , Udo Krenzer5 , Duarte Nuno Vieira6 , Shuala Drawdy5 , Luis Fondebrider7, Douglas Ubelaker8 1 Central Identification Laboratory, Department of Defense, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, United States; 2 Identification Coordinator, Committee on Missing Persons, Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus; 3C.A. Pound Human Identification Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; 4Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 5Forensic Services, International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, Switzerland; 6Forensic Medicine/Forensic Sciences, National Institute of Legal Medicine of Portugal, Coimbra, Portugal; 7 Laboratory, Argentinian Forensic Anthropology Team, Buenos This presentation concerns the principles and practices utilized in human identification, particularly as it applies to challenging circumstances. We view human identification as a scientific process versus a singular result. It is recognized, however, that each legal jurisdiction will define who carries the authority to decide when the process is adequate. Nevertheless, an adequate identification process follows the scientific method : The potential candidates for identification must be cogently determined, and then each eliminated from consideration through testing until only the correct identity remains. The potential pool of missing persons considered for identification in a given case should be established in a rigorous manner based on the context in which the remains were recovered and the circumstances under which each individual became missing. Pools of the missing can be open or closed. The identification process eliminates candidates from consideration by comparing antemortem information about each person to the results of a diverse array of analyses. Each pairing of antemortem data with a corresponding postmortem finding should be considered a line of evidence. No single line of evidence is preemptory, and how many lines of evidence are required depends on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, whether the pool of candidates is open or closed, the size of the pool of candidates, and the quality of the antemortem information available. In some cases, the quality of the postmortem findings can determine a need for additional lines of evidence. Types of biological antemortem information to be considered range from physical descriptors to the DNA profile. Typically, postmortem analyses include autopsies, friction ridges, anthropology, odontology, and DNA testing. Quality in antemortem information is highly variable. For example, some individuals will have no medical or dental records available. Others will have numerous records including antemortem radiographs and/or latent DNA samples from medical procedures. Some individuals will have multiple close family members available for DNA comparisons whereas others will have no close relatives to compare with. Likewise, postmortem analyses can include a full suite of results that detail the biological profile, dental patterns, friction ridges, and the DNA profile. In other cases, the remains may be highly degraded and incomplete, which will limit the results available for comparison. As these circumstances are highly variable, there should not be a singular approach to the process of identification. Regardless of the circumstances, there will be a need to synthesize all available information into an overall conclusion. This 287 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) MASS DISASTER (MD): GENERALS OF DVI, NEW METHODOLOGY OF DVI Aires, Argentina; 8Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States WFF2014 synthesis completes the identification process. We follow the recommendations of numerous best practice guidelines by promoting an interdisciplinary approach to human identification. KEYWORDS IDENTIFICATION; BEST PRACTICE; MULTIDISCIPLINARY O 04-2 THE IMPORTANCE OF MUTUAL ASSISTANCE ON DVI OPERATIONS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Anton R. Castilani Police Medicine, Centre for Medical and Health Services of the Indonesian National Police, Jakarta, Indonesia There were significant numbers of DVI operations conducted by the Indonesian DVI team under the Indonesian national DVI committee (INDVIC) over these past 12 years. The operations can either be international, national or provincial scales with the victims either Indonesian or foreign nationalities. Some of the international DVI operations even occurred abroad. Based on an empirical study on specific 10 DVI operations experiences of Indonesia, the crucial links are amongst the forensic scientists, diplomatic representatives and Interpol through the NCBs of member countries. There are numerous skills and scientific knowledge involved in a DVI operation. That is why during a DVI operation, cooperation became an important component. The cooperation can involve numerous national and international government agencies, non-government organizations (NGOs) and academic institutions with various scientific backgrounds. The persons from various institutions and agencies can be diplomats or embassies, Interpol NCBs and forensic scientists. When disaster occurred, victims can be either domestic and/or foreign nationality. However, the situation could be in reverse that citizens of one country became the victim in foreign soil such as Indonesians became victims in another country. When facing this kind of situation, the cooperation factors would expand and it will involve other foreign and international organizations, and government agencies. Cooperation between the three parties namely diplomatic communities, Interpol and forensic scientists during an international DVI operation is crucial for accomplishing the mission. KEYWORDS 288 EXPERTS; DIPLOMATIC ENVOY; POLICE O 04-3 ONE-PAGE ALL-PURPOSE FORM FOR MASS DISASTERS May Jennifer Apiado Health, State Department, New Jersey, United States This paper stemmed from hearing about mass graves that occurred in Haiti and the Philippines after their highmagnitude mass disasters. In resource-poor countries, it is a challenge to find trained staff who can apply international identification forms such as the thick Interpol protocol to morgue and family assistance centers which may not even be set up. Lack of access to body refrigeration or DNA typing may markedly lessen survivors’ hopes to locate, identify and bury their loved ones. Commemorating the deceased is a mark of civilized human society. To have survivors have the body of the deceased makes for better closure of the tragedy and helps in the shortand long-term recovery. The system can be deployed where the magnitude is great that very numerous bodies will decay and lose evidentiary value and limited personnel or strained resources will simply default to a decision of a mass burial. The form suggested will thus help in grief and decedent management while building forensic capacity in developing settings. Lay people can read and use the form as can forensic professionals. Data and evidence collection may include interviewing families or doing photography depending on resources but at its core is simple observation and documentation. The one-page form consists of its title—that of a Dual Purpose (Ante- and Post-Mortem) ID form—and simple instructions including that of generating a case number where there may be no computers or bar-coding or even over-all coordination. The form has basic bodily descriptions, simple body and teeth diagrams, blanks to fill and options to encircle particularly for the clothing section (which makes for a more efficient classification and comparison system in the absence of computerized matching). The goal is to be able to compare its elements side-by side—Ante versus Post—just like the Interpol form and easily pick out a tentative identification and report it to the family who will then effect a disposition of the body as their resources permit. The paper form would be stapled to an envelope for storage of pencil-thick rubber-banded bundle of hair with roots for later DNA testing on the other. Another envelope can be added later to hold pictures or digital media as applicable. In the family center side, buccal swabs and/or antemortem pictures (as requested or as available) will be the contents of this envelope. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Overall, through the one-page dual purpose ID form, families get an opportunity to speedily document and identify characteristics of their loved-ones which can be affordably and urgently matched to postmortem data collected by lay (or forensic) personnel, all the while having the provision for more definitive testing. It is hoped that the soundness and simplicity of this one-page form will provide guidance in mass disasters that resource-challenged countries can give a better option for the deceased and surviving members beyond a mass grave. Copies (or training) can be requested from mayjenamolat@ gmail.com. KEYWORDS M A S S D I S A S T E R S ; F O R E N S I C PATHOLOGY; QUICK TEMPLATES IDENTIFICAITON OF THE VICTIMS; MASS DISASTER; DIGITAL FORENSIC KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 05 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN/ FIREARM (ES/GF): TRAFFIC ACCIDENT O 05-1 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF REAPPEARANCE FOR SUDDEN ACCELERATION INCIDENTS Sungji Park Forensic Engineering, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) O 04-5 A NEW APPROACH TO MASS DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION USING DIGITAL FORENSIC ANALYSIS Wook Kang1, Gyorae Jeong2 1 Pubic Administration, Korean National Police University, Yongin, Korea (South); 2Police Science, Korean National Police University, Yongin, Korea (South) KEYWORDS SUA; ECU; VOLTAGE O 05-2 ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION OF CENTERLINE CROSSING IN A TRACTOR-TRAILER TO MOTORCYCLE CRASH Jihun Choi, Jongchan Park, Songhee Kim, Wntek Oh Traffic Accident Analsis Divsion, NFS (National Forensic Sevice), Wonju, Korea (South) 289 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) In general, fingerprinting, DNA sampling, forensic odontology, and forensic anthropology are employed to identify the victims in mass disaster. However, in certain cases, these methods may prove to be insufficient to identify some victims. For example, in the Daegu subway fire on February 18, 2003, which killed at least 198 passengers, the accuracy of the number of victims could not be confirmed because of the intensity of the fire. Many were burned beyond recognition and as such, those victims were identified through DNA analysis. The Daegu subway fire was an open disaster which means that there was no list of passengers using the subway. As 90% of South Koreans own a mobile phone, digital forensics analysis can play a crucial role in providing victim identification services in the event of a mass disaster. KakaoTalk, an instant messaging application for smartphones, was analyzed in order to identify victims of the capsized motor vessel Sewol. The aim of the current study is to provide a new approach for identifying victims in mass disasters. More specifically, this study attempts to provide Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) teams a guideline on the application of digital forensics analysis. Recently, as Electronic Control System has installed in normal automobiles, the sudden untended acceleration comes to big issues around the world and the cause of this misterious acceleration is not verified yet. This kind of study was carried out 10 years ago but it treated mechanical malfunction mainly and electrical-magnetic influences. At this time, we focused on electronic system including electrical short on wire and sensor, and fluctuation on voltage etc. The input voltage of ECU (Electronic Control Unit) was fluctuated from 7V to 14V periodically and the all of the engine data like throttle valve position, acceleration position, engine RPM, brake pressure and maximum torque of wheel were recorded. As results of this study, we found that the periodical low voltage could make the throttle valve fully open and the car would reach the maximum performance condition. So, the unintended acceleration could happen without pressing acceleration pedal. WFF2014 We present the accident reconstruction of a centerline crossing in a Tractor-trailer to Motorcycle crash, which was occurred in Youngwall Gangwon-do, republic of Korea, Tractor-trailer to Motorcycle crash is rarely happened compared to its car to car, and besides, it is difficult to estimate the driving path of Tractor-trailer because the driving path of front axle of Tractor is different from its rear axle of trailer (i.e. offtracking) when Tractor travels along the curve road. The driving path of Tractor-trailer is mainly influenced by length of trailer, driving speed and the steering of the Tractor. In this study, We investigate and integrate the evidences such as the scene of accident, the data of digital tachometer, the video of black box installed in the Tractor, damaged Tractortrailer and Motorcycle. For estimating the driving path, we analyzed the video image and scene, and then reconstruct an circumstance of the accident by using PC-crash, PC-Rect and Madymo. Based on these results we show whether Tractor-trailer or Motorcycle was crossing centerline at the crash moment. KEYWORDS TRACTOR-TRAILER; VIDEO IMAGE; PCCRASH, PC-RECT, MADYMO 3D scanning technology. It required many successive and high-quality photos, but the collision deformation model was easily and efficiently generated. 123D Catch provided 3D model to the user by auto referencing the photos through a server. The first method required the user to generate 3-dimensional coordinates and wireframes, so it was a more sketchy method compared to the second method. With the 3D scanner, it was able to generate a much more realistic collision deformation model than the photogrammetric methods. It was also able to generate realistic partial models. The scanning was done at an angle of 45 degrees from the front, rear, left and right view of the damaged car. The scanned data was provided to CAD program, and with using the surface or solid mode of the program, the collision deformation modelling was done. Better 3D collision deformation models were generated when the scanning was done precisely using a scanner fit for car scanning. KEYWORDS THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRUSH SCANNING; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; 3D SCANNER O 05-4 3D LASER SCANNING FOR CRIME AND ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) O 05-3 THREE-DIMENSIONAL CRUSH SCANNING METHODS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLE COLLISION ACCIDENTS Craig Fries Forensic Engineering, Precision Simulations, Inc, Grass Valley, United States Inhwan Han, Heejin Kang Mechanical and Design Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Korea (South) 3D Laser Scanning has revolutionized all phases of accident and crime reconstruction. The Documentation of physical evidence is now so accurate and complete that experts can work directly with the 3D Working Model years after the fact as if they were working in the crime scene itself. Measuring millions of data points in mere minutes, a modern 3D Laser Scan is capable of capturing every inch of a scene with precision and detail sufficient to locate the smallest evidence. A typical scan contains approximately 10, 000, 000 data points - a level of detail akin to having the entire scene and all the physical evidence extracted and delivered to the expert’s lab for thorough and exacting analytical forensics. Harnessing these rich datasets with the analytical power of modern computers allows unparalleled depth of Analysis. From determining the velocity of vehicles involved in accidents, deriving critical values from video footage and scene photographs to exacting line of sight calculations and ballistic trajectory trace back, the 3D Working Model provides the expert with a toolset based upon physical evidence that was previously unavailable. One of the fastest There are two 3D collision deformation modelling methods for obtaining collision information with photogrammetry in accident reconstructions : The first is to generate 3-dimensional coordinates with many photographs. This method uses Photomodeler and Rhino. There were some differences in the way of generating the collision deformation model depending on the number of photos taken. If the photo included only the damaged part of the car, the collision deformation modelling was done by using the car model before the damage. For modelling the car before the damage, photos were taken or collision experiment data which included sufficient amount of photographic data were used. If there were enough amount of successive photos taken of the whole parts of the damaged car were available, the collision deformation model was generated directly using those photos. The second method used photograph-based 290 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS 3 D L A S E R S C A N N I N G ; F O R E N S I C ANIMATION; ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION O 05-5 ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY BASED ANALYSIS OF MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC COLLISIONS OCCURRED IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT, BRAZIL Mauricio S Sercheli1, Bruno Telles2 , Charles A Andrade1, Nagao M Kawano1, Alexandre N Vicente1, Reynaldo M Soares1, Wilson X Camargo Filho1, Juliano A Gomes2 1 Instituto de Criminalística, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2Research Institute, Fundação de Peritos em Criminalística Ilaraine Acácio Arce - FPCIAA, Brasília, Brazil Summary : This is a comprehensive study of 264 fatal traffic motor vehicle accidents occurred in the Federal District of Brazil in 2012 involving multi- or singlevehicle collisions, which is based on combined data from government agencies. Routine Activity Theory is a sub-field of Environmental Criminology and focuses on a space-time physical convergence to stipulate three necessary conditions for crime to occur : a likely offender, a suitable target (victim) and the absence of a capable guardian (supportive environment). A traffic crime can be prevented if one of these conditions is absent. The purpose of this work is to use Environmental Criminology to identify critical regions on the road and street networks, where the number of traffic accidents is relevant. Identifying and analyzing such critical regions may bring solutions and occasional environment interventions (transportation engineering and traffic safety issue modifications) to minimize, or even extinguish, such fatal crashes. This study generated a density map of critical points of concentration of the practice of traffic offenses (hot spots) and finally grouped statistically relevant data, such as the period of occurrence (month, week, time), weather condition, driver’s age, blood alcohol level and type of vehicle. Further, this work showed the different root causes of all traffic accidents. The density map showed several critical regions, i.e. areas where more than one collision occurred in a one year period, and clearly set out the worst seven regions, while graphs and tables were developed to relate the accidents according to the above mentioned parameters. In-depth collision analysis and reconstruction to identify root causes, reasons, and contributing factors to collision, indicated primarily a 31% vehicle trajectory intercept, 22% loss of steering control, and 15% deviation of the direction. Besides, it was observed that during business days, morning and afternoon rush hours (immediately before and after the workday) accumulated the highest level of traffic accident occurrence, whereas at the weekends, collisions are mostly concentrated during the night time. Remarkably, the incidence of fatal collisions on rainy days (0.55 fatal-accident/day) represented only 73% compared to those observed in periods of dry weather (0.75 fatal-accident/ day), on the contrary to higher levels of collisions expected on wet pavements. Moreover, statistical analysis of these accidents showed that 55% of drivers were aged 18 to 36 and 50% of the accidents were related to blood alcohol levels. Finally, the identification of critical zones, where collision occurrence was above the average value, was fundamental to understand how a certain street or road could contribute for a collision to occur. Each of the seven critical regions was rigorously analyzed and received structural change and signaling suggestions to refrain similar traffic accidents, 291 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) growing areas of growth is the use of the 3D working Model to analyze opposing expert’s conclusions and opinions. Being able to plug the underlying assumptions back into the 3D Working Model allows the expert to determine how well, or not, the results match the physical evidence. Once the dataset has been utilized to complete a thorough investigation and derive fact-based conclusions supported by the physical evidence, the final stage of the process also benefits greatly from the underlying 3D Working Model. The Visualization of the dataset and the conclusions via 3D computer animation and simulation allows the expert to present their findings in a clear, compelling manner to the trier of fact. Using the laser scan data directly in the visualization provides a level of realism and accuracy that far exceeds what was possible before. In addition to being visually compelling in its own right, the scan data gives the expert the opportunity to animate over the exact same dataset upon which their calculations were performed. This increases the accuracy of the final visualization, eliminating the need to resort to mere illustrations and elevating the animation to a true engineering visualization. This ability to maintain the highest level of scene fidelity increases the likelihood that the animation will be admitted into the trial setting and significantly helps combat the CSI-effect often seen in urban courtrooms. Today’s juror comes to the trial with an expectation, born from TV and other media, that the facts and findings will be presented in a visually compelling manner. Mr. Craig Fries pioneered the use of the 3D Animation and 3D Laser Scanning in forensics in the US. In this presentation he will demonstrate its use via compelling graphics and analyses in all three phases of the reconstruction process, pulling from 20 years’ experience and over 1000 cases, all while maintaining a 100% admissions record in trial. WFF2014 and suggestions of better traffic control or even a specific advertisement. This work is a partnership agreement between the Federal District Forensic Institute – IC/PCDF, the Ilaraine Acácio Arce Forensic Experts Foundation of the Federal District – FPCIAA and the Prosecutor Counsel of the Federal District – MPDFT. KEYWORDS FATA L M O T O R V E H I C L E T R A F F I C ACCIDENT; ROUTINE ACTIVITY THEORY; TRAFFIC COLLISIONS DENSITY MAP O 05-6 ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SPEED ESTIMATION BY VIDEO IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Hao Feng, Jian-Guo Chen, Ze-Feng Zhang Road Traffic Accident Analysis, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.c, Shanghai, China More and more cameras were installed for traffic control and management in China, the video that recorded crash or before has provided a new clue for traffic accident reconstruction. The continuous motion process of vehicle was discretized into image sequence by camera, travel distance and time of the object vehicle could be measured or calculated from the image sequence. Based on the frame rate and the vehicle locations on the image sequence, from 2009 to 2013, IFS had finished 1003 reports of vehicle speed estimation by using video recording for traffic accident investigation. In this paper, we focus on how to measure the distance and time which vehicle traveled during the image sequence. Firstly, length which vehicle traveled during the image sequence could be measured according to the pavement markings or other feature points on road surface, and even by feature points on vehicle side surface. Sometimes, Direct Linear Transformation of Close-range Photogrammetry has been used for distance measurement. Secondly, travel time could be calculated by frame rate and the vehicle locations. Thirdly, several matters need attention had been mentioned to avoid mistakes. Finally, this method had been approved by an experiment which test vehicle equipped with the fifth wheel instrument, and test camera set outside. ORAL PRESENTATION 06 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ): QCQA O 06-1 THE STATE OF PROFICIENCY TESTS IN THE FORENSIC SCIENCE COMMUNITY Melissa Taylor1, Ralph Kleuskens2 1 Forensic Science Program, Office of Science Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, United States; 2Department Quality & process management, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Whether responding to new requirements from an accreditation body, ensuring that your laboratory quality system meets the requirements of ISO 17025, or your lab is looking for a way to accurately evaluate its analytical performance of a given test method, developing a plan for Proficiency Testing (PT) is critical for forensic laboratories to ensure the ongoing accuracy and reliability of their tests. PT’s are developed, offered and used worldwide, however, aggregate information about the availability of tests across forensic disciplines is lacking. In addition, there is limited information sharing among forensic service providers about their experiences using commercially-available PTs or lessons learned from implementing alternative assessments strategies when formal PTs were unavailable. A resource that provides information on available PTs which includes discussion of their scope, scoring criteria, and how the results are reported is critically needed by the forensic science community. This presentation will discuss the important role of PTs play in quality assurance programs and address the current status of PTs in the forensic domain. This presentation will provide information on a joint effort of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Netherlands Forensic Institute to conduct a survey of existing forensic science –related proficiency tests. This presentation will also provide useful performance criteria for evaluating existing tests and suggest alternative assessment strategies to use when formal PT tests are not available. Q U A L I T Y S Y S Y T E M S ; S U RV E Y; PROFICIENCY TESTS KEYWORDS KEYWORDS TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION; VEHICLE SPEED ESTIMATION; VIDEO O 06-3 QUALITY ASSURANCE TO WARRANT THE “SCIENTIFICITY” OF FORENSIC SCIENCE: HOPE OR ILLUSION? 292 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS QUALITY ASSURANCE; SCIENTIFICITY; FORENSIC SCIENCE CULTURE KEYWORDS NEUROLOGY; MEDICAL MALPRACTICE; PATIENT COMPLAINT O 06-4 O 06-6 THE STUDY OF RECORDS OF MEDICAL MALPRACTICE IN THE FIELD OF NEUROLOGY IN MEDICAL COUNCIL ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN FROM 2005 TO 2012 IN FORENSIC SCIENCE WE TRUST? Seyyed Shahabeddin Sadr1, Mohammadhassan Ghadiani2 1 Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of Carole Mccartney Law, University of Northumbria, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom The growth in forensic science in recent decades represents a revolution in crime detection and prosecution. Yet while politicians, police, and television producers have wholeheartedly supported and encouraged the aggrandizement of forensic science, others have sought to 293 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) It is commonly accepted that forensic science should apply procedures that are impartial, relevant and objective, and that results should be expressed in an appropriate and nonambiguous manner. The quality of science must be warranted because miscarriages of justice, even uncommon, are not acceptable. In the last 20 years, forensic science laboratories and crime scene units have largely accepted the concept of quality assurance, up to the point that it largely validates the discipline “scientificity”. Under the combined pressure of the criminal justice system, external commentators and a growing “quality industry”, increasingly complicated quality assurance systems have been developed and implemented in most countries. However, miscarriages of justice still occur. The reflex is to tighten up normative and control processes even further. Despite of the cost incurred in a climate of financial constraints, it seems we have nowhere to stop. The question ought to be asked : can we really warrant the “scientificity” of forensic science through quality assurance? Or do we simply indulge in illusions? These interrogations are especially relevant when we consider that traces, the focus of forensic science, are the resulting specimen of a unique situation and of an uncontrolled and generally unobserved activity. This presentation will attempt to study this topic and bring some elements of answers through the presentation of real cases. Background : and Aim : Physician, patient and judge form a triangle. Despite of advances in diagnostic and therapeutic fields of medicine, dissatisfaction of the patients from physicians and medical assistants is increasing. This subject has a significant role in health and medical care systems in all of the world. Population growth, social awareness and growing number of physicians, as well as implementation of complex and modern devices in diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the lessening of traditional relationship between patient and physician are the reasons for such complains. The aim of our study was to assess etiologies and motivations of complains, rate and type of malpractice and at last find a solution for decreasing physicians malpractice. Materials and methods : In a retrospective descriptiveanalytic study we evaluated the records of medical malpractice in the field of neurology during 2005to 2012, in medical council of Islamic Republic of Iran. Results : During this period, among 3529 cases of medical malpractice, 24 (0.7%) have been related to this field. Fifty four percent of the cases were male. There were faults in 42% of the cases. Of the total number of the cases, 54% of them were related to private centers and 46% related to governmental centers. Thirty three percent of the malpractice cases resulted in the death of the patient, and the rest resulted in physical injury. Conclusion : Improvement in the patient-physician relationship, implementation of medical ethics, decrease in related financial affairs, improvement of professional skills and knowledge of the physicians, adequate briefing of the patients before diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and accommodation of therapeutic centers with the advanced technical equipments has significant effect on the lessening of ignorance and complaints. Claude Roux1, Frank Crispino2 , Olivier Ribaux3 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, Australia; 2Département Chimie-Biologie, Université Du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada; 3Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) WFF2014 rein in the apparent undiscriminating and uncritical resort to forensic techniques and investment in forensic technologies. However, much critique of forensic science remains firmly within the realm of academic censure, to date seeming to have minimal impact upon practice. Whilst one might have expected the tide of public confidence to have turned against forensic science after the almost unremittingly condemnatory 2009 NAS Report, and the daily revelations of wrongful convictions from innocence campaigners, there are still few manifestations of a ‘crisis’ in forensic science within policing and courtrooms. This raises interesting questions of trust. Why does public trust in forensic science seemingly remain undiminished? Why has a catastrophic loss of trust within scholarly circles not lead to radical change? While the much discussed (if not empirically documented) ‘CSI Effect’ is used to castigate a supposed consequence of the public trusting forensic science too much, (albeit it may counterbalance the long-held trust of even more flawed and fallible evidence types such as eye-witnesses etc.), I wish to posit that many ‘problems’ with forensic science may perhaps stem from a lack of trust. This can be observed for example, by the strictures placed upon experts in giving their evidence in court; their marginalising during police investigations; their starving of research funding; their ostracised position within academia inter alia. In this paper I argue (perhaps controversially) that if forensic scientists were to be granted greater trust, not less, they may be able to properly present scientific testimony, will be better able to regulate themselves and carry out essential R & D, and train future forensic scientists to PhD level. Until forensic science is ‘trusted’, (with a healthy amount of scepticism, oversight and regulation), to mature as any other scientific discipline, (albeit multiple disciplines are involved), forensic science will remain problematic. KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE; TRUST; REGULATION ORAL PRESENTATION 07 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) O 07-1 A NEW 3D LANDMARK REFERENCE DATABASE FOR SEX AND ANCESTRY ASSESSMENT IN HUMAN SKULLS Petra Urbanova1, Ann Ross2 1 Department of Anthropology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech 294 Republic; 2Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States The purpose of this presentation is to present to the forensic community a new approach which advances sex and ancestry assessment in human skull while utilizing currently available 3D technologies. Portable three-dimensional devices (e.g., MicroScribe ®, Polhemus ® digitizers) have enabled researchers to rapidly acquire coordinate landmark data in a user-friendly, yet accurate manner. If the use of these data acquisition hardware is combined with methods of geometric morphometrics it will augment classification rates for biological sex and ancestral affinity, in particular if based on craniofacial morphology. Additionally, new developments in 3D technologies have made it possible to facilitate medicolegal examinations in unidentifiable remains using non-invasive imaging approaches such as computed tomography and more affordable 3D scanners. Digital 3D data can be easily transported and shared between laboratories; they represent an unlimited source of morphological data and provide a real-time access for reexamination of physical evidence. Simultaneously, they have modified the manner in which traditional osteometrics is executed. Processing 3D landmark data, however, involves a large learning curve particularly in the area requiring computerassisted shape analysis algorithms and multivariate statistics. Therefore, integrating geometric morphometrics into an everyday routine has been challenging. In order to overcome these challenges the software programs 3D-ID developed by Slice and Ross and COLIPR developed by Urbanová and Králík were created. They both use a landmark-based approach combined with discriminant and canonical variates analysis in order to provide the best classification for an unknown individual. However, the performance of the algorithms and a broader applicability are mainly dependent upon the representativeness of the incorporated reference database. While 3D-ID includes 8 groups with a minor coverage of European populations, COLIPR was developed to be used primarily in a context of European ancestral groups. A new reference database has emerged from a collaborative project between the authors and both software applications and has given rise to a comprehensive cranial dataset of approximately 2, 600 specimens with 16 distinct groups (Native Africans, Asians, Carribeans, central Europeans, eastern Europeans, south-eastern Europeans, southern Europeans, south-western Europeans, Mesoamericans, African-Americans, European-Americans, Hispanic Americans, Afro-Brazilians, Japanese Brazilians, European WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Brazilians, Peruvians) based on their ancestry and geographical origin and twice as many if biological sex is included. Combined with additional methodological improvements in classification algorithms and online availability, the new reference database will extend diagnostic power and applicability to a broader range of skeletal cases. For instance, an overall rate of biological sex estimation computed on 21 landmarks and the total number of incorporated groups reaches a cross-validated rate of 81.3% of correctly classified cases if only shape variables are included and 85.3% of correctly classified cases if shape and size variables are combined. If, however, input coordinates are adjusted according to population-specific cranial morphology and patterns of sexual dimorphism the classification rate exceeds a cross-validated rate of 95% in majority of the groups. The classification rate for ancestry estimation varies in a range from 70% to 100% and improves when specimen’s biological sex is taken into account. KEYWORDS SEX AND ANCESTRY ASSESSMENT; GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; 3D LANDMARK DATABASE O 07-2 THE STAGING METHOD OF STERNAL END OF CLAVICLE EPIPHYSEAL GROWTH BY THIN LAYER CT SCAN AND IMAGING RECONSTRUCTION Background : Medial clavicular epiphysis has been studied for decades because it is one of the most important indicators in age estimation of elder teenagers. Sternal end of clavicle and adjacent lung, bronchus, sternum, rib, transverse process of thoracic vertebra are overlapped each other in X-ray films, so there will be obtained false negative or positive film reading results when according to X-ray observation of epiphyseal growth of sternal end of clavicle, which directly affect the scientificalness and accuracy of estimating of skeletal age. Thin layer CT images are more sensitive and clear to show the ossification centers and epiphyseal closure states. With 2D and 3D CT recombination technology, the accuracy of the film reading distinctly improves by making the shape, size and position of epiphysis displayed clearly. Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate thin layer CT scan and image reconstruction in analyzing the course from secondary ossification center appearance to epiphyseal KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C A N T H R O P O L O G Y; TOMOGRAPHY, SPIRAL COMPUTED; STERNAL END OF CLAVICLE O 07-3 ASSESSING THE DISCRIMINATION OF HUMAN BONE FROM NON-HUMAN BONE USING BONE HISTOLOGY Hae-Joung Cho1, 2 , Gil-Soo Kim1, Su-Hwan Lee1, Yi-Suk Kim2 1 Central Identification Laboratory, MND Agency for KIA Recovery and Identification, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic Anthropological Laboratory & Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) Histological approaches can be applied to distinguish human and non-human bone. Every species have their own specific bone microstructures. However, the previous methods for observing microstructures were difficult to distinguish human 295 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Ya-Hui Wang, Lei Wan, Chong-Liang Ying, Guang-You Zhu Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, People’s Republic of China, Shanghai, China closure of sternal end of clavicle and explore its application value in bone age identification. To establish a CT staging method of sternal end of clavicle epiphyseal growth for teenagers by thin layer CT scan, multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and volume reconstruction (VR) technologies. Method The evaluation of the ossification of medial epiphysis of the clavicle has been described according to the study group on Forensic Age Diagnostics. The CT imaging characteristics, which collected from 460 teenagers (aged from 15to 25) in East and South China, were studied through both sternal ends of clavicles’imagings by thin layer coronal CT scan and axial CT scan, MPR and VR technologies. The parameters of sternal end of clavicle including the longest diameter of epiphysis, the longest diameter of metaphysis, their length ratio, area of epiphysis, area of metaphysis, and their area ratio were measured and calculated in order to establish new classification. Results Based on the staging method of Schmeling, integrating the CT imaging reconstruction information of sternal end of clavicle, the new classification of sternal end of clavicle epiphyseal growth were divided into 1 to 5 stages. Stage 2 and stage 3, respectively, contained a, b and c sub-classification. Also, in same age group, it was stated that the length ratio and area ratio of epiphyseal and sternal end has significant difference in genders. Conclusion This new classification has merits of large sample size, wide age range and easy operability. By using CT imaging reconstruction techniques and analyzing the data which closely related to sternal end of clavicle epiphyseal growth of teenagers, the feasibility of the staging method could be increased. WFF2014 bones from non-human bones especially when bones were found in fragmented status. The aim of this study is to assess the discrimination of human and non-human bones using short or fragment bones which are found in the field outside, and on the mountain in particular. Three analytical criteria and six histomorphological features have been marked in the process of our study. Three gross analytical criteria consist of animal bone, human hone, and unknown bone. And six histomorphological features are as follows : plexiform bone, primary osteon, osteon band up to seven, secondary osteon, triangular arrangement, and atypical secondary osteon (type II or double zone osteon). The result present that 64.9% of human bones and 10.5% of non-human bones were identified by above process using both gross analytical and histomorphological criteria. Meanwhile, 21.1% of bones could be identified as human bones only by applying gross analytical criteria without histomorphological analysis. Also, 3.5% of bones were unknown bones according to the former process but they were confirmed as non-human bones by the latter histologic analysis, finally. The total of 57 short or fragment bone specimens were analyzed in this study. Further studies are expected to support the usefulness of histomorphological analysis when small or fragment bones were dealt with. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) KEYWORDS BONE HISTOLOGY; HUMAN AND NONHUMAN; DISCRIMINATION O 07-4 ESTIMATION OF STATURE FROM FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS Chengqing Tang Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Footwear impressions are often found in crime scenes and can be utilized for both the examination of footwear evidence and the profiling of the suspect who left them behind during committing the crime. The object of this research is to study the relation between footwear impressions made by different types of shoes and the length of the feet wearing them so that the body height of the wearer can be estimated accurately no matter what type of shoes they wear. A variety of shoes of different shoe sizes were chosen. The volunteers wearing those shoes were directed to walk normally on top of white paper and the inked standard footwear impressions were made. The length of the shoeprints were measured and noted as well as the height and the length of the foot of 296 those who wear the shoes. The pattern designs of those shoes used in this study were first analyzed to see if there could be any correlation to foot length of the wearer. Then all the previously measured data were statistically analyzed with the software SPSS Version 13. Through examining the shoes, it is showed that some designs are well related to the length of the foot wearing them. The stature calculated by the regression equation derived from the data is also satisfactory. STATURE; FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS; TYPE OF SHOE KEYWORDS O 07-5 THE INFLUENCE OF DECOMPOSITION FLUIDS ON THE DEGRADATION OF CLOTHING TEXTILES IN SOIL GRAVES Maiken Ueland, Shari L. Forbes, Barbara H. Stuart Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia A clandestine burial may be accompanied by materials such as clothing or other textiles. Such items may potentially provide valuable information that establishes the time since death or the nature of the disposal of human remains. The burial environment to which these materials are exposed is responsible for the varying degrees of preservation or the rate at which materials degrade in a burial environment. The acceleration or inhibition of textile degradation affects the interpretation of a burial site. Of interest in this study was the influence of body decomposition fluids on textile degradation. It was proposed that the presence of a decomposing body would inhibit textile degradation due to the leaching of decomposition fluid into the fabric. The aim of this project was to analyse textile samples with and without decomposing remains in order to understand the effects of the remains on textile degradation patterns. Pig carcasses were deposited on a soil surface clothed in three different textile types : cotton, polyester and a cottonpolyester blend. The clothing was examined visually and characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The lipid profiles of the decomposition byproducts present in the experimental textile samples were also analysed using FTIR spectroscopy and subsequently analysed using gas chromatography - mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Distinctions between the experimental and control groups were made based on both visual and chemical results. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 CLANDESTINE BURIALS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED (FTIR) SPECTROSCOPY; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY - MASS SPECTROSCOPY (GC-MS) KEYWORDS O 07-6 A PITFALL OF RADIOCARBON ANALYSIS : BODIES EMBALMED BY FORMALDEHYDE Seung-Gyu Choi1, Ho-Hyeon Gong1, Sung-Jin Cho1, Hyung Nam Goo1, Jong-Pil Park2 , Jiyoon Shin2 , Yi-Suk Kim3 , DaeKyoon Park4 , U-Young Lee5 , Nak-Eun Chung1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, National Forensic Service, Seoul Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Medical Examiner’s Office, National Forensic Service, Seoul Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Anatomy, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Department of Anatomy and Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South) KEYWORDS RADIOCARBON; FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; AGE ESTIMATION ORAL PRESENTATION 08 QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD): PAPER / INK / FORGERY O 08-1 ALTERED UK ENTRY PERMITS Muna Alsuwaidi General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, Dubai Police Head Quarter, Dubai, United Arab Emirates The Questioned Documents Section, in Dubai Police the General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, received an interesting and unique case comprising four questioned Afghani passports, each of which had a UK entry permit attached. By examining the passports using magnifying glasses and a Video Spectral Comparator (VSC 6000), it was found that all of the passports were genuine. By examining the questioned entry permits, it was found that all expected security features were present and genuine. However, slight irregularities were observed around one digit of the serial number of each permit, as follows; paper fiber disturbance, misregistration in the fine lines (guilloche), and luminescence properties. Nevertheless, the quality of printing of the questioned figure was letterpress and identical to that of the genuine one. From the above observations, it was concluded that the UK entry permit in each Afghani passport had been stolen blank and altered by erasing one digit of the 297 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Radioactive isotope analysis is a very useful method in many disciplines from archaeology to forensic anthropology. Initially, radiocarbon dating was used to prove the authenticity of artifacts or historical findings up to about 50, 000 years old. Recently, forensic investigation employed this method in order to estimate a biological profile of human skeletal materials with ages of less than 50 years. It is made possible by the above ground nuclear bomb test in 1963, which raise the level of atmospheric radiocarbon concentration to about twice the natural level. Since the annually measured tropospheric 14C concentrations are integrated into the bomb peak curve, estimating the time since death can be done by comparing radiocarbon content of sample to the bomb-curve value. In Nov. 2013, about 1500 human remains have been excavated including three complete bodies at a construction site of a medical school. For medico-legal purposes, we’ve conducted anthropological examination for all human remains and autopsies for three complete bodies. External examination of three complete bodies represented strong evidence that these bodies might have been used as cadavers. For example, saw marks on the skull, puncture wound for embalming, and formaldehyde detection from several organs such as blood, spleen, muscle and skeleton. Considering that the dissection of a human body was performed no sooner than 1900s in Republic of Korea, we assumed that the time since death for these human remains were less than 50 years. However, the radiocarbon analysis that we did with samples on teeth, femur shaft (compact bone), femur head (spongy bone), lumbar spine (spongy bone), spleen, and hair of three human remains didn’t meet our expectations. The preliminary test done by Korea Institute of Geosicence and Mineral Resources revealed that 14 C values of body-1 matched with the known values of Joseon Dynasty. After conducting additional investigation, we concluded that the formaldehyde in embalming fluids as a major source of error that might cause the false interpretation of data. The authors in this study agree that the modern carbon analysis is undoubtedly a reliable method for age estimation of human skeletal, especially around the year of 1963. Yet, there are exceptional circumstances where the method might not run to completion. Therefore, careful consideration should be given to the interpretation of the radiocarbon data. WFF2014 serial number and then covering it with a different figure taken from a genuine permit. The alteration was most likely performed to overcome the problem of the serial number matching those on the stolen blank permit blacklist. The erasure and alteration techniques used for forging the mentioned permits were very accurate and neat, and proved highly difficult to detect by the airports authorities. KEYWORDS ALTERATION; BLANK STOLEN PERMIT; ERASURE O 08-2 ANALYZING THE RELATIVE AGE OF PAPER BY BIOTECHNOLOGY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Meng Zhaoyang Liaoning Police Academy, Criminal Technology Department, Dalian, China Purposes of research : To develop the method for determining relative age needed for the paper formation via the use of some biotechniques, and provide the new ways and ideas for the identification of questioned documents age. Results : Along with the time increament of paper formation, the level of reducing sugar in the paper elevated while the degree of its polymerization decreased. Meanwhile, the number of bacterial and mold colonies went up. Conclusions : The inspection and identification of different types of paper with varied relative age could be carried out using biotechnological methods such as cellulose enzymolysis, viscometric assays, and microbiological techniques.This also provided a method and idea for applying the biotechniques to deduce the relative age of paper. KEYWORDS PAPER; RELATIVE AGE; BIOTECHNIQUES O 08-3 DEVELOPMENT OF INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING APPARATUS SUITABLE FOR DOCUMENT EXAMINATION Shigeru Sugawara1, Masaru Fujiwara2 , Yo Suzuki2 , Yoshihiko Nakayama3 , Ichiro Ishimaru2 1 Fourth Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 2Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; 3Product Development Department, Aoi Electronics.co., ltd., Takamatsu, Japan 298 In document examination deciphering of obliterated writing and detection of counterfeit or altered documents are performed by using the visible and near infrared hyperspectral photography and fluorescent photography of 0.4 ~ 1μm wavelength. However only by using light of the conventional wavelength, depending on the combination of colorants used on the document, deciphering and detection were impossible because difference of spectra between the colorants was sometimes too small. By using longerwavelength light hyperspectral photography, i.e. infrared light hyperspectral photography of 1~14μm wavelength, it was considered that the deciphering and the detection will become possible. It is because the difference of the spectrum often exists in the infrared region even when the colorants have similar spectrum in the visible region. But the apparatus that takes the infrared hyperspectral photography of large sample is not available now. We are now developing the wide view fourier transform infrared imaging apparatus, with which the infrared hyperspectral imaging of large sample can be measured in a short time. The test measurements of ink, toners, and the films are conducted with the apparatus. In this presentation, the results of the test measurements will be shown. And the usability of infrared hyperspectral imaging will be discussed. QUESTIONED DOCUMENT; INFRARED HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING; DETECTION OF ALTERED DOCUMENTS KEYWORDS O 08-4 CHEMICAL VARIABILITY OF MODERN DAY PEN INKS BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Andre Braz, Maria Lopez-Lopez, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engeneering, University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP) - University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain During the chemical analysis of writing pen inks, it is often assumed that one ink sample is representative of a certain brand/model of pens. However, this conjecture does not account for the diverse sources of variations introduced in the many and complex formulations of modern day inks. For a better assessment of the evidential value of ink examinations in questioned document cases, this presentation describes the variability in the Raman spectral signature among pens with different ink formula types (oil, liquid, gel-based WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 and other combinations), between brands of the same ink type (inter-brand variability), between models of the same brand (intra-brand variability), between batches within the same model (inter-batches variability) and within batch (intra-batch variability). Overall, results showed that some pen samples have characteristic Raman signatures. More specifically, the inter-brand variability of oil-based samples was small, which makes it more difficult to discriminate by brand. On the contrary, gel and liquid-based samples showed large inter-brand variability for most samples, thus they are easier to discriminate by brand. Regarding the other-based samples (lubriglide, easyglide, etc), samples either showed similarities to other ink formula types or they showed a singular spectral signature. The Pilot pens showed exceptionally different Raman signatures from other brands, presenting overall large inter and intra-brand variability. The large inter-batch variability observed for the Bic Crystal Medium demonstrated that systematic changes and actualizations are introduced in the chemical formulation of these pens every year and sometimes, during the year. Intrabatch variability was small and no differences were observed in the Raman spectra of pens produced in the same batch, which suggest chemical homogeneity. This study showed that the chemical composition of modern day inks is very complex and constantly changing due to many factors, which document examiners must carefully be aware and consider during the interpretation process. O 08-6 HOW MUCH CAN A FORENSIC LAB DO IN DISCRIMINATING BALLPOINT INKS? Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo, Qinghua Zhang, Che Xu Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China Ink dating is an important but difficult task for forensic examiners world wide. There is a growing need of dating ink entries from the courts, while the current ink dating methods are far from practicable. Due to a variety of influence factors existing in the ink dating, only between the ink entries written with the same ink and on the same paper can a relative ink dating analysis be performed. Then, to distinguish whether the questioned ink entries have the same ink formula with the known ones is the first priority before comparing their relative ages. Blue ballpoint ink entries are the common KEYWORDS INK DISCRIMINATION; INK DATING; QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION ORAL PRESENTATION 09 MASS DISASTER (MD): ROLE OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY IN DVI, CASES OF MASS DISASTER O 09-1 THE IMPACT OF ASIAN TSUNAMI 2004 ON REDEFINING THE ROLE OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGIST IN MASS DISASTERS – SOUTH ASIAN STORY OF A DECADE Clifford Perera1, Christopher Briggs2 , Stephen Cordner3 1 Dept. Of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka; 2Dept. Of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 3Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia Human life and its existence on the planet earth have been increasingly challenged by the occurrence of mass disasters in the modern world. Management of a mass disaster in contemporary standards is a multidisciplinary effort and the forensic pathology as a specific field has a definitive and nondelegatory task to perform. The first decade of the 21st century will go down in history as an era of major disasters, which occurred in all corners of the world from 9/11 disaster to London bombings, from 299 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) KEYWORDS PEN INK; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; VARIABILITY samples in questioned document examination. Many methods have been developed to discriminate blue ballpoint inks, for example, UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman and infrared spectroscopy, TLC, CE, HPLC (/MS), GC/MS, LDI-MS, and so on. However, in the forensic practice, how many methods are necessary to discriminate the questioned ink entries? In the present study, the ink entries drawn by eighteen blue ballpoint pens were analyzed by microscope, UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, TLC, HPLC-MS/MS and GC/MS sequentially. As a result, none of the 6 methods could discriminate all the eighteen ink entries alone, but their combination could. Since blue ballpoint inks are complex mixtures which contain dyes, solvents, resins and other ingredients, analyzing methods targeting at different aspects (i.e. the overall color, solvents, dyes, and the trace made by the penpoint) of ballpoint ink can be combined to achieve an effective discrimination of the questioned ink entries. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) WFF2014 Asian Tsunami to hurricane Katrina, from earthquakes in India, Iran, Pakistan, China and Haiti to cyclones and floods in Bangladesh and Myanmar and many low grade countless events witnessed in other Asian and African counties. The unavoidable common factor of all these disasters was the massive number of casualties and deceased witnessed within a very short period of the incident. The effective intervention of government agencies to manage casualties in the immediate aftermath of a mega disaster is often restricted by many technical and circumstantial factors. As reiterated by the Royal College of pathologists United Kingdom, from the pathologist’s point of view, the definition of a Major Disaster is an episode in which the number of fatalities is in excess of that which can be dealt with using the normal mortuary facilities. Accordingly effective contribution to manage dead and their related issues is the role of a forensic pathologist. The management of dead in a mass disaster is a medico-legal emergency for a forensic pathologist and he/she must be a valued partner of the preparation and activation of an emergency plan dealing with multiple fatalities of a major disaster. In a disaster situation survivors are given priority over deceased in any health care system. However as the survivors have a right for health care assistance, the deceased also have the right for proper identification and dignified disposal. In the current context a mere disposal of dead is not advisable after a major disaster as many other physical, psychosocial, religious and cultural issues related to them and survivors need to be resolved urgently. The whole process of handling deceased appropriately in a post-disaster period to minimize the impact of above issues is comprehensively termed as “management of dead”. The Asian Tsunami 2004 was the first major opportunity to rehearse the effectivity and the application of this concept. It should be remembered that proper management of dead is one of the main pillars of a successful disaster response. It has gained marked significance during Asian tsunami 2004. The post Asian Tsunami events made a paradigm shift in the conceptual model and the activity level of forensic pathologists throughout the affected region by creating opportunities to work interactively for a prolong period and share experiences and resources through various professional networks. This paper intends to analyze deeply the role of a forensic pathologist in managing dead in a mass disaster and its ramifications in south Asian context over the last decade. O 09-2 MASS DISASTER; MANAGEMENT OF DEAD; PATHOLOGIST O 09-3 KEYWORDS 300 AUTOPSY IN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION - IS IT REALLY NECESSARY? Chen Kugel1, Maya Furman-Reznic2 , Alon Krispin1, Ori Eytan1 1 Forensic Medicine, National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2Forensic Medicine, Independant, Tel-Aviv, Israel According to standard guidelines, such as those of the Interpol, an autopsy is an integral part of disaster victim identification (DVI). Autopsy is a time and resource consuming procedure. These are very precious during multi casualty events (MCE), when there is urgency to identify the deceased, due to public interest. Beyond the need to identify the bodies in order to investigate the incident, in many countries there is a religious and cultural demand for prompt burial, which requires expedition of the process. While it is clear that an autopsy has a major role in investigating the cause of death, we question the contribution of a complete autopsy for the identification of bodies in MCE. Therefore, we studied the files of 1589 MCE victims examined at the Israeli National Institute of Forensic Medicine (NIFM) during the years 2001 -2013, and evaluated the contribution of autopsies to the identification process. Of these, 1301 were victims of terrorist attacks. Autopsies were performed in 255 of these cases, while the rest were treated according to common local practice in such events : detailed external examination, photographic documentation, fingerprinting, blood/tissue sampling for DNA extraction, examination of denture and radiological studies. All victims were identified according to scientific standards. Of all the cases in which autopsy was performed, only in five (1.96%) the autopsy revealed findings that were crucial for the identification of the victim. Accordingly, we conclude that in MCE when there is a preference for rapid burial over a thorough investigation of the incident, for purposes of identification, it is acceptable to perform external examination of the bodies with ancillary procedures, rather than a complete detailed autopsy. KEYWORDS MASS DISASTER; IDENTIFICATION; PROTOCOL DO FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS EVALUATE THE AIR CRAFT TRAGEDY WHICH HAPPENED 15 YEARS BACK IN THE INDIAN OCEAN? WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Ananda Samarasekara1, Prasanna Dasanayake2 , Amal Vadysinghe3 , Uthpala Atygalle4 , Muditha Vidanapathirana5 , Hadun Wijewardena6 1 Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Nfth, Malambe, Sri Lanka; 2 Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Base Hospital, Panadura, Sri Lanka; 3Senior Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; 4Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Ilmt, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 5Senior Lecturer, Department of Forensic Medicine, Jayawardenapura, Sri Lanka; 6Consultant Judicial Medical Officer, Base Hospital, Embilipitiya, Sri Lanka KEYWORDS A I R C R A F T T R A G E D Y; F O R E N S I C INVESTIGATION; MASS DISASTER O 09-4 POSITIVE DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION IN JEDDAH FLOODS, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA: EXCEPTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE TEAMS Jeddah had suffered from two unprecedented consecutive flood disasters during the past few years, which yield some major community and economic consequences. These major incidents required a full cooperation between the related ministries to accomplish the best disaster victim identification “DVI” procedures, the Forensic Medicine Department at the Ministry of Interior “MOI” represented by the Administration of Criminal Evidence “ACE” in Jeddah, and the Ministry of Health “MOH” represented by Jeddah Forensic Medicine Center “JFMC”, and supported by the corresponding laboratories. Disaster victim identification of floods’ victims was a real challenge for forensic medical examiners in Jeddah, especially after prolonged postmortem interval to the time of remains’ discovery which extended for few weeks after the original incident due to their burial under the mud combined with old human bodies transported together with the floods due to massive mud slide of nearby old cemeteries. The forensic medicine teams managed these cases through a unified protocol for victim identification including personal visual identification for the families and relatives, appropriate field collection of human remains, forensic management of dead bodies including forensic autopsy of some individuals, evaluation of the different patterns of injuries positive identification through and certification of the cause of death. This multidisciplinary work yielded the best results we could ever imagine with positive identification of nearly 99% the reported missed victims. Efforts from both ministries included information management, long-term storage and disposal of dead bodies, and integration for communications with the Media. The families who suffered damage or loss to property were fully compensated by either the insurance or the government, while the dead casualties were compensated by the government by an amount of one million riyals per person. The inter-ministerial Forensic Medicine Team was also involved in legal issues and performed multiple exhumations of early buried flood victims for positive identification, definite death certification and justified compensations. KEYWORDS DISASTER; IDENTIFICATION; FORENSIC O 09-5 Khalid Yousef Mattar1, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki1 1 Head of Forensic Medicine Department, Forensic Evidence Administration, Ministry of Interior, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2 Senior Forensic Medical Examiner, Jeddah Forensic Medicine DVI TEAM OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE Petr Bendl, Tomas Doubek, Petr Svarc 301 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Aircraft tragedies are an area of concern for public, law enforcement authorities and defense, groups involved in human rights, persons connected with aviation etc. It becomes more questionable when it happens to a civil air craft during the time of war. The reasons behind the tragedy and identification of humans are the most important two aspects of forensic investigation. The loss of forensic evidence is inevitable with lapse of time and especially debris in an environment where constant changes occur, like water. The investigation of a civilian air craft ANTONOV belonging to LION AIR-operated in Sri Lanka, done nearly 15 years after the disaster, said to be due to a terrorist attack while in the air and debris deposited in the sea. Analysis of dispersion of debris, pattern of destruction of the engine and body and circumstantial evidence suggested that it was due to striking of heat seeking Surface to Air missiles (SAM) shoulder type in the air. Identification of individuals was a step wise process through clothes and personal effects, skeletal analysis including Forensic Odontology and DNA. In this paper an attempt has been made to emphasize the importance of a comprehensive forensic investigation with multidisciplinary approach including local and foreign expertise in order to address the issues in a justifiable manner. Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Dvi Team, Institution of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Issues related to building teams for mass disaster victims identification were not solved in the former Czechoslovakia in the past. The last big aircraft accident was that of near the city of Bratislava, which claimed 77 fatalities. The question of identification with so many victims has not been addressed since in Czechoslovakia or then in the Czech Republic. The first activity took place after tsunami in Southeast Asia at Christmas 2005, where Czech nationals died as well. Setting up the basic structure of DVI team was conducive to the involvement in international organizations in Thailand and particularly for identification of all six Czech victims. In 2012, the Institute of Criminalistics Prague joined the program of Swiss - Czech cooperation, where the project “DVI Team of the Police of the Czech Republic - theoretical and practical preparation and technical support” was created. The objective of the project is to establish the DVI team in the Czech Republic, provision of material support, training of DVI members and the creation of the training program. The presentation is aimed to inform the expert public about the present state of the building of the Czech DVI team. There have been progressive changes especially in cooperation with the Swiss partner during the last two years. Currently, the Czech Republic has already the operational DVI team that is able to perform mass disaster victims identification anywhere. The presentation can also give an example to other Eastern European states that do not have yet their special identification team for disaster victim identification. KEYWORDS DVI TEAM; IDENTIFICATION; MASS DISASTERS O 09-6 ESTABLISHING CAUSE OF DEATH AND SURVIVAL TIME IN A SANTIAGO PRISON FIRE WITH MASS CASUALTIES Luis Ravanal Zepeda Medical, Forenses Chile, Santiago, Chile A major fire in a prison in Santiago, Chile on the 8th December 2010 resulted in the death of 81 inmates. The fire followed an internal riot and was started by the prisoners. Overcrowding and the poor infrastructure of the building were thought to be major factors in why the fire spread so rapidly and why so many men died before they could be rescued. The deaths were attributed to a combination of 302 smoke inhalation, the effects of heat and the lack of oxygen. Post mortem examination showed varying degrees of damage to the bodies depending on their proximity to the fire, some with complete charring and others with only superficial burns. CO and cyanide were measured in each case but generally the levels were much lower than anticipated, leading to the need to implicate additional factors in the deaths and making estimation of survival time all the more difficult. This paper presents the results of the criminal investigation into the fire which identified the mass and rapid death from multiple factors of a group of trapped prisoners. It also highlights the gases produced in the combustion of synthetic polymers and the need for these to be looked for in the post mortem analysis. KEYWORDS FIRE; PRISON; SMOKE O 09-7 MANMADE VERSUS NATURAL DISASTER: DIFFERENT IDENTIFICATION METHODS AND RESULT? Oktavinda Safitry Forensic and Medicolegal Studies Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Background : Many types of disaster had happened in Indonesia, manmade and natural. In all cases, the DVI team was summoned to help in identifying the dead victims. This research was done to know the differences of the identification result and the identification methods used between manmade and natural disaster in Indonesia. Method This was a descriptive quantitative retrospective research by examining the DVI operation reports. Result There were 21 DVI reports available on disaster happened in Indonesia from 2001 to 2013. There were bombing, airplane crash, ship sink, train crash, tsunami, earthquake, volcano eruption, and dam break. In bombing cases 100% victim was identified whereas only 3 out of 6 airline crashes was 100% identified. None of 4 ships sinking that the victim were 100% identified. From the DVI process in natural disaster, only one case that had 100% successful identification, the other varies between 1, 3% to 96, 7%. Phase 1-5 was done in all of the DVI operation. Visual identification was not used in manmade disaster but still used in several natural disasters. DNA was the main identifier in all bombing cases, less used in other manmade disaster, and was not used in natural disaster. Conclusion Indonesian DVI team had done their best in performing DVI WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 phases. There were differences in the identification method used and the result. The difference in method was caused by due to various causes including the type of the disaster itself, the course of the corpses, and problem in resources. The methods use did not affect the percentage of number of victim identified. Less successful result was mostly caused by lack of AM data. KEYWORDS DVI; MASS DISASTER; IDENTIFICATION METHOD ORAL PRESENTATION 10 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN/ FIREARMS (ES/GF): FORENSIC SCIENCE / FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVE O 10-1 A FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BLOODSTAIN PATTERNS ON TEXTILE MATERIALS Feng Ji, Namrata Parekh, Stephen Michielsen Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States It was found that at the instant of impact, the bloodstain pattern was nearly identical on the fabric as on a hard surface. However, as soon as a blood drop hits the fabric, it begins to spread on the fabric surface and subsequently wicks into the fabric. Bloodstains on the knit fabric develop in less than 20 seconds and are nearly circular if the drop falls on the fabric perpendicular to its surface. On the other hand, bloodstains develop slowly, taking more than 5 minutes on the plainwoven fabric; they have an irregular shape with considerable distortion and jagged edges. As the blood wicks into the fabric, the spreading stain merges with many of the satellite stains and spines, essentially erasing much of the original impact information. We attempt to explain these results based on the yarn and fabric construction. In addition, experiments were performed using two pieces of fabric stacked on top of each other. When the top and bottom fabric are the same, the bloodstain pattern is nearly identical to the single fabric results. However, when a knit fabric is the top layer and the plain-woven fabric is the bottom layer, the stain is large on the knit fabric but very small on the plainwoven fabric. If the plain-woven fabric is the top layer and the knit is the bottom layer, the stain is again large on the knit fabric even though the blood was applied to the plain-woven fabric. These findings will be explained based on the fabric construction. KEYWORDS O 10-2 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) When a blood drop impacts onto a hard surface, the resulting bloodstain pattern can be used to determine the origin of the blood drop and to help determine the cause of the bloodletting event. When a similar drop impacts onto a textile, it is often impossible to form a definitive analysis due to the texture and wicking by the textile, which can alter the bloodstain pattern. We report the results of our studies of bloodstain pattern development on plain-woven cotton bed sheet fabric and cotton jersey knit fabric used to make T-shirts where we have used a modified ASTM F1819-07 synthetic blood recipe whose viscosity and surface tension match those of human blood. A blood drop tower has been constructed with two fixed drop heights, 0.5 and 1.5 m, with variable impact angles and with the ability to control the fabric warp direction. Two video cameras monitor the bloodstain development and are mounted at identical angles to the fabric, one monitoring the impact side and the other monitoring the reverse side. A high-speed video camera has been used to verify that single blood drop of specific volute within the range 10-100µl were dispensed with no accompanying drops. The high-speed camera was also used to observe the impact of blood drops on the fabric and development of spines. BPA; BLOODSTAINS; TEXTILES FORENSIC DRONE: A NEW WEAPON IN THE BRAZILIAN CRIME SCENE Rodrigo Cerello, Rodrigo Mayrink, Carlos Alberto Trindade, Mauro Neves Departamento De Policia Federal, Setor Tecnico Cientifico, Belo Horizonte, Brazil This document presents a summary of how the Forensic Division of the Brazilian Federal Police has been working on developing a cost-effective Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV with onboard sensor system in order to acquire aerial imagery applied for photogrammetry[1] reconstruction, as well as, present some of the forensic applications and benefits achieved by this project illustrated by some real cases. UAVs, also referred as Drones, are revolutionary tools that can aid in crime elucidation and have several forensic adhibition involving case analysis of knowledge areas such as Crime Scene, Vehicular Accident, Post Explosion, Civil Engineer Work, Soil Occupation of restricted areas, Wildfires 303 WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Investigation and Illegal Mining among others. Added to this, such devices bring advantages that generate improvement in the evidence quality (aerial images with better temporal and spatial resolution compared with satellite), productivity increase (a detailed topographic survey can be generated in minutes), resource savings (one UAV can cost less than one hour flight of a manned aircraft or a single satellite image) and risk exposure reduction (hard-to-reach places or inaccessible). In this context, the project’s result was an aircraft based on a hexacopter frame with brushless electric motors, controlled by Arduino board and open source software that makes possible autonomously fly over a pre-determined area. In terms of sensor, a low cost Compact CCD camera with 16 Megapixels was adapted for time lapse pictures and attached to the platform by a vibration reduction support. The generated imagery response can produce photomosaic and digital terrain model (DTM) used for illustrate or even determine measures such as distances, areas or volumes of a crime scene. Applied to several real cases, the project is now a reality that keeps growing and generating new possibilities in terms of remote sensing. [1] Photogrammetry is the science, technology and art of obtaining reliable information from noncontact imaging and other sensor systems about the Earth and its environment, and other physical objects and processes through recording, measuring, analysing and representation (ISPRS International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing). KEYWORDS UAV; DRONE; PHOTOGRAMMETRY O 10-3 THE EXPLOSIVES RESIDUE ANALYSIS BY ULTRA PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHYQUADRUPOLE/TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY Hyung-Seung Kim Scientific Investigation Laboratory, MND Crime Investigation Command, Seoul, Korea (South) We developed the analysis method of the explosives residue on debris at the accident revenue. The explosive compounds; TNT, nitroglycerin (NG), RDX, HMX, Tetryl are very thermolible and sensitive on impacts, therefore the common method for chemical analysis is not roper to detect the explosives residue. We had many tried to detect reliably the explosives residue which was the concentration of low 304 ppb. At least we developed the method by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/Time of Flight (UPLC-Q/ TOF) mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification of the method were 1 ~ 10 ng/mL of the each explosive compounds as low as undetected by any other method. The selectivity of the method was made 4 identification points (IPs) through clustering of Cl isotope ion; [M+Cl35]- and [M+Cl37]-. After establishing the method, we applied it to many case. First, we detected NG on the objects of firearm accident as the organic GSR (o-GSR). The detected concentration of NG was 10 ~ 500 ng/mL and we was able to assume the pose of firing. Second, we examined a broken metallic piece which comes from the air into agriculture field. Although near by the artillery shooting field, it was very far distance. We detected the explosive on the metallic piece as a shell splinter and changed the artillery drill manual. KEYWORDS EXPLOSIVES RESIDUE; QUADRUPOLE/ TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY; CL ISOTOPE ION CLUSTER O 10-4 ONE BULLET OR TWO? Luis Ravanal Zepeda Medical, Forenses Chile, Santiago, Chile On the afternoon of 11th September 1973 Chilean President Salvador Allende was found dead in the Presidential Palace which was under attack following a military coup. Accepted history is that he took his own life by placing a high velocity rifle under his chin and firing a single shot upwards. Continuing rumours challenging this assumption, supported by recent medical evidence suggesting an additional gunshot injury to the head from a different calibre weapon, led to an exhumation of the President’s body in 2011. This paper looks at the findings from the post mortem examinations of 1973 and 2011 and presents evidence for the second shot, based on fracture patterns in the skull, gunshot residue analysis and consideration of the findings at the scene. Such evidence would appear to rule out suicide as the mode of President Allende’s death. KEYWORDS ALLENDE; CHILE; GUNSHOT WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 11 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): FORENSIC PATHOLOGY O 11-1 A NEW METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE TIME SINCE DEATH IN HUMAN BODIES FOUND DECOMPOSING AND PUTREFYING Jarvis Hayman, Marc Oxenham School of Anthropology & Archaeology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia KEYWORDS PUTREFYING; TIME SINCE DEATH; TOTAL BODY SCORE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY TO CORRELATE FATAL DELIBERATE SELF-HARM AND PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE Haneil Dsouza1, Francis Monteiro2 , Prashantha Bhagavath1, Shaila Bhat3 , G Pradeep Kumar1 1 Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College-Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India; 2Forensic Medicine, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India; 3Pathology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, India Suicide is probably the most personal act anyone can perform. Very few acts such as suicide have their roots deep in social and human conditions, resulting in such far reaching consequences. Suicide not only affects the single individual who takes his life, but also this person’s immediate circle and community at large. It is a matter of concern to people of various categories like doctors, psychologists, social workers, nurses, sociologists, lawyers, clergymen, teachers, the police, writers, philosophers and politicians etc. When it comes to gender differences, the causes and methods of suicides vary greatly. Though in absolute numbers more men commit suicide than women, there are various complexities associated with female suicides. The present study was an attempt to find out if the frequency of suicide varies between the different phases of the menstrual cycle based on a histopathological examination of the uterus. It was thought that doing so would help to identify periods of increased susceptibility towards fatal deliberate self-harm in women especially the parasuicide victims. As a result preventive and precautionary measures could be taken at the earliest. It was also hoped that the study might give a clue as to the role of reproductive hormone levels in suicidal behaviour based on a correlation with the phases of the menstrual cycle. Subsequently the role of hormones as a treatment modality for suicidal tendencies may offer greater support thereby bringing this less explored arena into the limelight. S U I C I D E , PA R A S U I C I D E ; FATA L DELIBERATE SELF-HARM; MENSTRUAL PHASES KEYWORDS O 11-3 MYOCARDITIS-INDUCED DEATHS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 2474 CONSECUTIVE POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS PERFORMED IN TWO MAIN ITALIAN CITIES DURING THE DECADE 2003-2012 305 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) When a human body is found decomposed, the estimation of the time elapsed since death (TSD) is important in helping to verify the cause of death. Objective research into the causes and nature of decomposition has only taken place in the last two centuries and only in the last decade has it been recognised that if further advances are to be made in the determination of the TSD, quantification of the process is required. Most research has involved attempting to estimate the TSD in the early period after death; from the moment of death until the body cools to ambient temperature. At the present time, the most accurate method is the use of Henssge’s nomogram and even after attempts to perfect it there is still an error rate of about 1.5 hours at 7 hours and about 2.5 hours at 11 hours after death (*Henssge, 1988). When this phase is past and the body becomes putrefied, estimation of the TSD becomes increasingly difficult. This presentation will outline research which has enabled methods to be developed to estimate the TSD in human bodies found decomposed in Australian conditions up to 14 days after death. It depends on quantitative estimation of the stages of decomposition of the whole body as well as certain key organs which together give a Total Body Score. It has been tested with a good degree of accuracy in the field and by research at the Forensic Research Facility at Texas State University, San Marcos. The method has the potential to be developed to estimate the TSD in other geographical areas and in other environmental situations in which decomposed bodies are found. * Henssge C. 1988, Death time estimation in case work part 1 : the rectal temperature time of death nomogram, Forensic Science International 38 : 209-236. O 11-2 WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Alessandro Bonsignore1, Sara Sblano1, Eloisa Maselli1, Francesco Ventura2 , Francesco De Stefano2 , Alessandro Dell’ Erba1, Massimo Colonna1 1 DIM - Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; 2 Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy The World Health Organization, according to the International Society and Federation of Cardiology, defines myocarditis as “an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle, diagnosed by established histological, immunological and immunohistochemical criteria”. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of myocarditis, which still remains an entity to be further understood and studied by clinicians, also represents a dilemma for pathologists. Particularly, even if the short-term prognosis is usually good, not infrequently, myocarditis is reported - in the death certificates - as the primum (sometimes unique) movens in determining the exitus. The authors aim to ascertain the real scientific consistency of such a phenomenon through the retrospective analysis of 2474 consecutive autopsies. All men (1561) and women (913) aged 1-80 years who underwent autopsy between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2012 in the cities of Bari and Genova, Italy, were included. The forensic autopsy rate was 78% for men and 72% for women. All the others post-mortems have been conducted by clinical pathologists. The authors focused their attention on 48 cases (1, 94% of all the autopsies performed) in which a myocarditis-induced death was supposed. The autopsy records revealed a wide distribution per age, without significant difference between men and women. The myocardial pattern described at microscopy led the authors to subdivide the 48 cases into : Type A) predominance of myocarditis in the death event (8 cases = 0, 32%); Type B) concausal role of myocarditis in causing death (19 cases = 0, 77%); Type C) merely ancillary and incidental finding of foci of myocarditis (21 cases = 0, 85%). Starting from these observations, the risk of misinterpreting non-specific foci of myocardial inflammation appears very high and an accurate differential diagnosis not only with acute myocardial infarction but also with many other physiopathological conditions is required. Particularly, this preliminary study demonstrates how paradoxically, after post-mortem examinations, myocarditis as a cause of cardiac death could represent an overestimated phenomenon. Accordingly, the goal of the second step of the presented study will be to standardize suitable forensic criteria and parameters (histological, immunohistochemical and 306 radiological) for the diagnosis of fatal acute myocarditis in terms of certainty, mere likelihood or even exclusion. This in order to : 1) guarantee a uniformity in reaching a undisputed post-mortem diagnosis of myocarditis; 2) adequately answer the Public Prosecutor’s questions not only about the cause and means of death, but also - and especially - about hypotheses of medical professional liability following failures in diagnosis and therapy. MYOCARDITIS; CARDIAC DEATH; POSTMORTEM EXAMINATION KEYWORDS O 11-4 NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND MODERN MEDICINE Yung Chung Medical Examiner, Lenawee County Medical Examiner’s Office, Adrian, United States Herbs have been used to heal the body and mind for thousands of years. However, what began as folk medicine is now a million dollar industry worldwide. Today, people are taking a more active role in their health care by turning to herbal supplements to treat a wide range of ailments from the common cold to cancer. This increase in popularity stems from the impression that herbs are pure and natural products that can be manufactured as pills and capsules and available throughout the world market. Under the current Dietary Supplements Health and Educational Legislation in the United States, herbal and dietary supplements are imported as a food product and therefore do not require testing for efficacy nor are they required to provide validated labeling for purposes of prevention or treatment of disease. Because of these uncontrolled and unmonitored supplements, many inadvertent drug reactions and confounding of clinical laboratory tests have been reported. As traditional medical practitioners, we have to have a better understanding of the quality, concentration, and contents of the biological and chemical properties found in herbal or dietary supplements and disseminate this important information to the public consumer. This presentation will specifically discuss an example of a sudden death as well as various cases demonstrating adverse drug reactions resulting from unregulated natural supplement consumption. KEYWORDS H E R B A L S U P P L E M E N T S ; H E R B A L MEDICINE; ADVERSE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 11-5 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE MULTI-PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION FOR THE ESTIMATION MODEL OF POSTMORTEM INTERVAL WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Hongyang Wen Scientific Research Center, China National Police University, Shenyang, China KEYWORDS POSTMORTEM INTERVAL; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK; MODEL OPTIMIZATION ORAL PRESENTATION 12 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM): TBC 1 O 12-1 A CASE OF NEONATAL MORPHINE OVERDOSE? Douglas Posey1, Ashraf Mozayani2 1 International Forensic Science Consultants, LLC, Houston, United States; 2Administration of Justice, Texas Southern University, Houston, United States After attending this presentation, attendees will be familiar 307 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The estimation of Postmortem Interval (PMI) is a complicated work in forensic pathology normally relying on the early and late postmortem phenomena. Traditionally researches are mostly focusing on one sign of the chemical change of the body. Its accuracy is affected by many external factors such as the difficulty in quantification, lack in quantitative factors of influence etc. This study is focusing on the chosen multi-parameters predefined with expert experience combined with collected case instances in real time and using different sets of parameters in modelling Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the estimation of PMI. The data were screened for incompleteness, redundancies and evident inaccuracies. The results showed that the optimization of multi-parameters in the estimation model of PMI can significantly reduce the time of the analysis using ANN modeling while maintaining its accuracy. The tuning procedure has been described in this work.These results further support the hypothesis that classification should be first conducted to best utilize the domain knowledge of forensic pathology while using ANN technique can best support the estimation of PMI. with the complexities of interpreting postmortem morphine levels in neonates. Among the complicating factors to be considered are neonatal drug metabolism, postmortem redistribution and elevated serum bilirubin levels. This presentation will impact the forensic science community by providing toxicologists and medical examiners with pertinent information about the interpretation of morphine and Digoxin levels in attempting to determine cause of death in neonates who have been administrated these drugs in a hospital setting.A 14-day old infant with hyperbilirubinemia and a congenital heart defect was transferred to a surgical facility for heart surgery. He was being treated with morphine, Digoxin, Furosemide and oxygen prior to transfer. According to hospital records, the morphine was administered in divided doses for the purpose of sedation. During the flight to the surgical facility, oxygen was provided on the airplane. On landing, that oxygen was disconnected with the intention of immediately replacing it with oxygen from the ambulance. However, the mother and baby were detained by immigration officials. After this detention (about 40 minutes) and transportation to the hospital, the infant died. Cause of death was reported as anoxia, with congenital heart disease as a contributing factor. Manner of death was undetermined. The postmortem heart blood morphine concentration was 0.36 mg/L, significantly greater than the average 0.11 mg/L seen in neonates receiving morphine by IV infusion. Blood levels of morphine administered by infusion are generally higher than when given in divided doses. The Digoxin level was 11.5 ng/mL. Normal Digoxin levels in neonates receiving Digoxin therapy are in the 1.5-2.6 ng/ mL range, and levels above 3-4 ng/mL are considered to be toxic. However, Digoxin levels are known to increase after death due to leaching from muscle, especially from the heart muscle in neonates. Total serum bilirubin in this case ranged from 8.39 mg/dl to 12.1 mg/dL during the 14 days from birth to death. Normal total bilirubin level is 0.3-1.0 mg/dL. Elevated bilirubin in newborns is not unusual and can be treated. However, at least one researcher has found that morphine conjugation decreases as bilirubin concentration increases, even though the conjugation processes for the two compounds utilize different sub-enzymes of the CYP450 system. Questions to be discussed in this presentation include the validity of the postmortem morphine and Digoxin levels, the possible inhibitory effect of bilirubin on morphine conjugation leading to higher serum morphine concentrations, the possibility of postmortem redistribution and the possibility of morphine toxicity being a contributing factor to the cause of death. WFF2014 KEYWORDS MORPHINE; NEONATAL; DIGOXIN O 12-2 THE “Z” DRUGS: ZOLPIDEM, ZOPICLONE AND ZALEPLON AND WHY ARE WE STILL USING THEM? Anne-Louise Swain Clinical Forensic Medicine Unit, Queensland Department of Health (Government), Australia The “z” drugs are novel hypnotics used in the short term treatment of insomnia. They include zolpidem, an imidazopyridine hypnotic agent, zopiclone, a cyclopyrrolone hypnotic agent, and zaleplon, a pyrazolopyrimidine hypnotic agent. There have been numerous post-marketing reports of so called “complex sleep related behaviours” associated with zolpidem some of which have led to successful defences against drink and drug driving charges in Australia. Similar reports have surfaced in relation to zopiclone use. Given the risks associated with “complex sleep related behaviours” should these drugs be taken off the market? Anecdotal reports of improvements in the level of consciousness and functioning in persons with organic brain disease may prove to be a justification for the continued use of these medications in specific circumstances. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS ZOLPIDEM; ZOPICLONE; ZALEPLON O 12-3 DNA DECONTAMINATION FROM A CLINICAL FORENSIC PERSPECTIVE John Gall1, 2, 3 1 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Victorian Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children’s Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia Forensic DNA testing has had a significant impact upon the investigation of crimes and the process has attained infallibility status in the minds of many involved in the medico-legal system. This has, however, led to some significant miscarriages of justice. DNA fingerprinting is not infallible and is open to error at numerous points during the process of specimen collection, testing, interpretation and application. Examples of non-deliberate contamination include the “Phantom of Heilbronn”, and the cases of Farah 308 Jama, Adam Scott and Jaidyn Leskie. DNA fingerprinting has become increasingly sensitive and the issues of unintentional contamination are of particular relevance to forensic practitioners when collecting DNA evidence in the clinical setting. The reasoning for this is that the amount of DNA from a crime scene is usually minute and may be poorly preserved. PCR will amplify the few molecules present and any contaminating DNA may become a major problem as low copy contamination will be amplified leading to potentially misleading, falsely positive results. Within the clinical setting, appropriate use of decontamination of the areas where a physical examination is to be undertaken and of the equipment used needs to be implemented. In selecting appropriate decontamination measures there are a number of issues that will modify the approach taken. These include the efficiency of the decontamination system, occupational health and safety considerations, effects of a decontaminant on the efficiency and sensitivity of the PCR process, the corrosiveness of the decontaminating reagent used, the effect on the doctor-patient and nurse-patient relationship and the effect upon the patient. A limited number of published studies have been undertaken to determine the most effective means of decontaminating surfaces, equipment and reagents that may be used to collect and analyse biological specimens. The findings from these studies are discussed in relation to the clinical forensic examination suite. Water, 70% ethanol and detergents, although partially effective in cleaning away native and cellular DNA, do not decontaminate surfaces to a satisfactory extent for PCR application. Radiation (UV, beta and gamma), ethylene oxide, sodium hypochlorite, autoclaving and various commercial compounds are considered. Ethylene oxide appears the most suitable means of DNA decontamination for disposable and other medical equipment used during clinical forensic examinations. Sodium hypochlorite, although highly corrosive and potentially hazardous to humans, appears to be the most effective reagent for use on surfaces in the clinical suit. Importantly, the use of these decontaminants for sterilisation compared with DNA decontamination are very different and clinicians need to be cognisant of these differences. Sterilisation is not equivalent to DNA decontamination. KEYWORDS DNA DECONTAMINATION; CLINICAL MEDICINE; FORENSIC O 12-5 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEDICO-LEGAL DEATH INVESTIGATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA AND NIGERIA WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Avantika Sarkar1, Uwom Eze2 1 Advocate, High Court, Calcutta, India; 2Forensic Pathologist, Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria India and Nigeria share in common the status of being the largest democracies in Asia and Africa respectively. Their contact with colonial British rule in the history of both nation states is also another mutual circumstance. The British operates the Coroner’s system of medico-legal death investigation and this system was bequeathed to most colonies of the old British Empire. The role of the Coroner, with some modifications, has persisted in many of these countries which were subjected to British laws in the past. However, it is expected that some changes would have been effected taking into cognizance indigenous legislature and local ethos in the post independence era. This paper, therefore, examines the medico-legal death investigation systems in both India and Nigeria and considers the operations, functionality, public acceptability and challenges faced in both countries with the application of provisions of death investigation system for public good. It also explores potential areas the respective death investigation systems could learn from each other and impact positively in achieving the essence of accountability, justice, protection of individual and public health, and promotion of Human Rights as core objectives of death investigation in both countries. O 12-6 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) IN FRANCE AND IN EUROPE A COMPARATIVE STUDY R. Hammani, Eric Baccino, P. Cathala, P. A Peyron Service de Médecine Légale, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France Since JANUARY 2011 the organization of Forensic or Legal Medicine in FRANCE (pop. 67 M) has been transformed, based on the following principles : A yearly budget given by ministry of justice to the ministry of health 48 Clinical forensic medicine unit (UMJ), 30 Forensic Pathology units (IML) All located in Hospitals where MD (forensic doctors or FMD) are employees. KEYWORDS CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE; EUROPE; VICTIMS 309 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS MEDICO LEGAL DEATH INVESTIGATION; INDIA; NIGERIA CFM units (UMJ) provide a nonstop service for: 1/ Living victims: examination of physical or sexual abuse, adult and child, collection of physical evidences, issue of medico legal report, somatic and psychological care by a multidisciplinary team (FMD, forensic nurses, forensic psychologists) 2 /Law offenders in custody : examination, medical care, issue of fitness for detention certificate. During the first part of our presentation the audience will become familiar with the advantages and limits (lack of human resources in some areas due to the fast implementation of this reform) of our national model. Detailed data on the evolution of activity since 2011 (globally increased) will be provided. In the second part of our presentation, we will provide the results of a questionnaire (answered by colleagues considered as representative of their own country) designed to evaluate the organization of CFM in 7 European countries (Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, UK, Portugal and France) by addressing four points. Is there a national organization for CFM? Fields of action of CFM What specialties and training for the MD taking care of victims of aggression and persons in custody? Are there dedicated forensic nurses and psychologists for the victims? Our results show that the general desire for harmonization reflected by the answers is far from being satisfied! Many countries have a single national system regulating CFM, but a significant number still rely (+) on local organizations. A general tendency is that victims and people in custody examination is not done by FMD only, due to the lack of human resources. The role of forensic nurses varies a lot between countries and the presence of psychologists is far from being the rule. Globally our study confirms the lack of coherence in CFM practice among countries which were, yet, able to follow a European Union recommendation (R99.3) on forensic autopsies since 1999. We will present propositions for the definition of CFM, with regard to the political, social, and financial impacts that recognition or rejection of CFM by the Medical Forensic Community may have on the future of Forensic medicine. WFF2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 13 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): CASE STUDY O 13-1 EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF DNA RECOVERY AND AMPLIFICATION FROM BULLET CARTRIDGE CASES IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Heather Mazzanti1, Meghan Troy2 , Christian Westring, Ph.d. 2 , Phillip Danielson, Ph.d.3 1 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3 Biology, University of Denver, Denver, United States Firearms were used in 69.3% of homicides, 41% of robberies and 21.8% of aggravated assaults in the U.S. in 2012. Accordingly, cartridge cases are commonly encountered at crime scenes. Despite their prevalence, DNA testing frequently fails to produce an interpretable profile. Common explanations for this include poor/minimal “touch type” DNA transfer to non-porous surfaces; DNA destruction by heat of firing; PCR inhibition and/or DNA degradation from reactive metallic species in GSR or the cartridge case itself. This research evaluated and optimized methods for the recovery and successful amplification of DNA from fired and unfired cartridge cases. Methods for maximizing the recovery of touch DNA from the surface of these cartridge cases were identified after assessing both swabbing and soaking with sonication techniques. Fifteen cartridge cases were swabbed by passing a fiber-tipped swab moistened with deionized water across the surface of the cartridge case followed by a dry swab under gentle pressure. Another 15 cartridge cases were submerged in digest buffer mix and sonicated for 30 minutes before removing the cartridge case and incubating the digest buffer mix overnight at 56 C. Soaking with sonication resulted in nearly five-fold greater DNA recovery that the wet : dry double swab technique. An assessment of extraction technique performance compared phenol : chloroform extraction to the Qiagen silica-coated paramagnetic microbead extraction protocol on the BioRobot EZ1. The data demonstrate that the BioRobot EZ1 extraction protocol produced lower but more consistent yields while phenol : chloroform produced higher but more variable yields. Interestingly, no apparent correlation was detected in this study between loading order and DNA recovery for either of the extraction techniques. Robust protocols for DNA profiling including preamplification concentration and post- 310 amplification cleanup were also assessed. Data generated from this research was used to develop a robust approach for generating more complete and interpretable STR profiles using standard (e.g., not Low Copy Number) DNA profiling techniques. Employing these optimized protocols, over 200 45mm brass and nickel-plated cartridge cases were analyzed. The researchers were able to demonstrate that the use of an optimized strategy for the DNA typing of cartridge cases can achieve a near 40% success rate of generating an STR profile with up to 84% of donor alleles being amplifies. This represents a significant increase over reports in the literature. More complete profiles were recovered with brass cartridge cases as compared to nickel cases. This was true for both fired and unfired cartridge cases. Statistical analysis found that in both cases these differences were significant at a confidence interval of 97.5% for unfired and 95% for fired cartridge cases. These results do not provide support for the hypothesis that the more reactive metallic properties of brass facilitate the degradation of DNA. KEYWORDS DNA; STR TYPING; CARTRIDGE CASES O 13-2 QUANTIFILER TRIO : AN EVALUATION ON MOCK CASEWORK DIFFERENTIAL ANALYSIS SAMPLES. Nor Aidora Saedon, Normazlina Zainuddin, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Nurul Hazirah Mat Lasim@mahasan, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Hazwani Hapiz, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Forensic DNA analysis has matured and evolved dramatically within the last 4 years in terms of extraction and amplification process. Often than not, we neglect the quantitation process which proven to be essential in determining the outcome of a balanced DNA profile. A new quantitation kit, The QuantiFiler Trio was designed to incorporate not only the Total DNA and the Male DNA but also comes with the Degradation Index. The Degradation Index was intended to assist forensic scientists on the presence of any inhibitors and its significance. Mock casework samples were utilized to evaluate on the sensitivity and the Male/Female ratio, whereas bone extracts were used to assess the Degradation Index. A total of 324 samples were quantitated and the results were then exploited for amplification and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. The results indicated that the quantitation kit is able to detect WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 as low as 0.005ng of DNA and the Degradation Index factor confirmed to be helpful in assessing the quality of the DNA extracts prior to the amplification process. KEYWORDS QUANTIFILER TRIO; DEGRADATION INDEX; DNA O 13-3 DISPERSION OF DNA OF COMPROMISED SKULL IN MALAYSIA Nor Aidora Saedon, Nurul Hamizai Abdul Hamid, Mohd Firdaus Che Amran, Zulhilmi Husni, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia KEYWORDS SKULL; DNA; EXTRACTION O 13-4 PMI DELIMITATION BY ANALYSIS OF MUSCLE PROTEIN DEGRADATION Stefan Pittner1, Alexander Pfisterer1, Peter Steinbacher1, Alexandra Maria Saenger1, Fabio Carlo Monticelli2 1 Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; 2 Forensic Medicine, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria Estimating the time since death is a central topic in forensic science. The temperature method, which is based on the deviation of the body core temperature from environmental temperature, is the most common used method to determine the post mortem interval (PMI). However, this method is KEYWORDS POST MORTEM INTERVAL; PROTEIN; DEGRADATION O 13-5 CASE REPORT: THE HIGH POINT OF SECONDARY IDENTIFICATION ON MUTILATION CASE BEHIND THE PRIMARY IDENTIFICATION Evi Untoro1, Fahmi Arief Hakim2 , Hastanto Ahmad3 , Theresia Linda3 , Fitriati Husada3 , Anton Castilani3 , Putut T Widodo3 , Djaja Surya Atmadja4 1 Forensic and Medicolegal, Sentra Medika Hospital, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia; 2Forensic and Medicolegal, Cianjur General Hospital, Cianjur, Indonesia; 3Indonesian National Dvi Committee, Indonesian National Police, Center for Health and Medical Services, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Forensic and Medicolegal, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia On the Late March of 2014, Cianjur West Java, Indonesia were having the case of the founding on woman body without her head on the ground near the open field, then the body sent to Cianjur General Hospital for Autopsy and Identification. Meanwhile the Cianjur Police looking for investigation on the report of missing person and found the perpetrator (male, late 50 y.o, former driver of the victim) and he took the police to the place of garbage bin that he throwed away the head which wrapping three times completely by plastic. After fully investigation then the body were sent to Sentra Medika 311 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The skull is rarely utilised for DNA analysis of body identification, as there are other bone types with ample DNA that can be sampled. However there are cases where only the skull is available, therefore it is essential to not only ascertain the best area on the skull for DNA analysis but also the method applied. A skull was discovered embedded in swamp area in Malaysia, which indicates long term exposure to degradation. Five different areas of the skull, i.e. the Frontal bone, Maxilla bone, Temporal bone, Occipital and Zygomatic bone were sampled in triplicates and extracted via phenolchloroform and Automate Express for comparison. These samples were then quantitated on the QuantiFiler Kit and amplified using the GlobalFiler casework kit. The amplified samples were electrophoresed on 3500xl Genetic Analyzer and analysed using GeneMapper ID-X ver 1.4. only useful in the early post mortem phase, as long as the body temperature is not aligned with the environmental temperature. In the active decomposition phase of the corpse the examination of necrotroph organisms and their developmental stages is used for approximate delimitation of the time since death. The aim of the present work is to develop a precise method, not only for intermediate PMI delimitation, but also to increase the accuracy of the fore mentioned methods. According to studies on meat tenderness, and to results from own former studies, we hypothesized muscle protein degradation to be a viable tool for estimation of the time since death. For this purpose, we used SDSPAGE, Western blotting and Zymography to analyze the time course of the degradation of selected proteins in porcine biceps femoris muscle until 240h post mortem. The results demonstrate that specific proteins degrade in a predictable fashion in all samples investigated. Our experiments clearly indicate the potential of biochemical analyzes of skeletal muscle decomposition for PMI delimitation, which has to be substantiated by further studies on human muscle samples. WFF2014 Cibinong Hospital and Funeral Home to be Embalmed and having Funeral Ceremony Services. The victim were female, about 50 y.o, South Korean Citizenship, so later on there are cooperation between Cianjur Police, Indonesian Police Headquater, Indonesian DVI Team, and South Korean Police in Indonesia and South Korea, also South Korean Embassy in Indonesia. Using DVI Protocol for identification on Missing Person, first time by the rejection of family to seek for DNA sampling, and no AM Dental Record data, and difficulty of Fingerprinting comparison findings, so we took the secondary identification of the victim from the AM identification of the victim girlfriend who knew that she had a specific position of the mole on her head and tattoo on her left upper arm which in korean/ chinese character tattoo. Without Primary Identification we could conclude the victim by the precise Secondary Identification of the Victim, and the family agree and accept the conclusion that the body and the head belong to the same person. Then in Funeral Home, we put the head and the body together by stichting the both side. In this Case Report we would like to present that Secondary Identification on the precise explanation of Mutilation Body could be use without highly cost on DNA identification (Primary Identification). SECONDARY IDENTIFICATION; DVI PROTOCOL; BODY MUTILATION Germany) and AGCU X-12 Kit (AGCU ScienTech Inc, Wuxi, chaina). The two women shared at least one allele at all these X-chromosomal STR loci except DXS10101 locus. In order to further confirm or exclude maternal lineages, the hypervariable regions HVIand HVIIof mtDNA were amplified by using primers pairs L16047/H16464 and L29/H408 respectively and then sequenced. It was found that they had the same mtDNA haplotype. To reach a reliable conclusion, genotyping of 19 autosomal STRs was performed. with the Goldeneye DNA ID System 20A Kit (PEOPLESPOT Inc, Beijing, China) and then the full sibling index (FSI) and the number of shared alleles (IBS) were calculated. A very high FSI (i.e.151672.41) and IBS (i.e.24) were obtained, ulteriorly supporting the full sibling relationship between the two women. With regard to the typing result of X-STRs, It could not be ruled out the possibility of mutation for DXS10101 loci. KEYWORDS F U L L S I B L I N G I N D E X ; X - S T R ; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ORAL PRESENTATION 14 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI): TOXICOLOGY O 13-6 O 14-1 A CASE EXAMPLE WHERE 29 X-CHROMOSOMAL STRS AND MITOCHONDRIAL DNA WERE USED AS SUPPLEMENTARY MARKERS CHALLENGES IN FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Yuan Lin, Li Li, Zhenmin Zhao, Ruxin Zhu Forensic Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China Most kinship analysis cases are determined by autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers, but X-chromosome STRs and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are also very useful, particularly in deficiency cases involving females. Here a case work example about sibling testing was presented, where the two female individuals were typed for 29 X-chromosomal STRs, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) HVI/II and 19 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs). The 29 X-STRs were first typed with IDtyper X-16, an inhouse kit (made by Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Sciences; Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, PR China) and Investigator Argus X-12 Kit (QIAGEN, 312 Heesun Chung Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) Forensic toxicology is dependent on the application of analytical techniques and interpretation of analytical results. This means that, if forensic toxicology is to develop, it is necessary to introduce these techniques, as well as to improve general understanding of the field. The disturbing trend of increasing crimes and deaths related to drugs and other toxic materials, as well as drug abuse and misuse, makes its further development essential. In this talk, the future of three areas of forensic toxicology will be presented; postmortem toxicology; human performance toxicology; forensic drug testing and; new trends encouraging for the future of forensic toxicology will be discussed. There are limitations and problems to toxicology : it is not possible to detect all substances and there are also limitations WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 in assay and availability of specimens. Like any other fields of forensic sciences, the results given by the forensic toxicologist are expected to be as accurate and correct as possible with a very fast turnaround time. How can we meet this expectation? In addition there are difficulties in providing the same quality of service and maintaining the good quality assurance system between labs around the world. For the future forensic toxicology, a high-throughput screening system in the postmortem toxicology and the interpretation of enhanced detection limit should be mentioned, as should a systematic approach for the identification of new drugs and their metabolites. Above all, sharing information and knowledge between toxicologists is vital for the development of Forensic toxicology. KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C T O X I C O L O G Y; T O X I C MATERIALS; DRUG ABUSE O 14-2 CASE FINDINGS IN 18 ACETYLFENTANYL RELATED DEATHS Daniel Isenschmid, Sherri Kacinko, Barry Logan Toxicology, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, PA, United States KEYWORDS ACETYLFENTANYL; POSTMORTEM; DESIGNER_DRUG O 14-3 THE RELATION BETWEEN OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATION, AND NEOPTERIN IN THE PARAQUAT-INDUCED LUNG TOXICITY Mehmet Toygar2 , Ibrahim Aydin3 , Mehmet Agilli3 , Fevzi Nuri Aydin3 , Muzaffer Oztosun6 , Husamettin Gul1, Enis Macit1, Yildirim Karslioglu4 , Turgut Topal5 , Bulent Uysal5 1 Toxicology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 3Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 4Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 5Physiology, 313 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Introduction : Acetylfentanyl, an N-acetyl derivative of fentanyl, has recently been reported in a number of fatalities in different areas in the United States. Initially, 10 deaths were reported in Rhode Island in March and April of 2013. Later deaths were also reported in Pennsylvania, Louisiana (Jefferson Parish) and North Carolina. Pharmacologically, acetylfentanyl has been shown in animals to bind to muopioid receptors similarly to fentanyl although the potency of the acetylfentanyl appears to be lower in rat studies. Acetylfentanyl does cross-react with certain fentanyl immunoassay kits on the market. However, in our laboratory screening for acetylfentanyl is accomplished using accurate mass screening (LC-TOF/MS) followed by confirmation by LC-MS/MS. In this presentation we report the findings in 18 deaths related to acetylfentanyl between July 2013 and April 2014. Materials and Methods : A total of 18 cases with detectable concentrations of acetylfentanyl in postmortem blood were identified during the study period. Twelve (12) cases were submitted for full postmortem toxicology screening and 6 cases were submitted specifically for directed analysis. All testing was performed in whole blood, but the source varied (e.g. peripheral, cardiac etc.). One case was also had liver tissue tested. Results : The average acetylfentanyl concentration for the 18 cases was 160 ng/mL (range : 0.58 – 730 ng/mL). Only two cases had acetylfentanyl concentrations below 1 ng/mL but 13 cases exceeded 100 ng/mL. A single case in which both blood and liver acetylfentanyl were quantified had concentrations of 150 ng/mL and 1900 ng/g, respectively. All decedents were male (except one female and one not provided) and the average age was 33 years (N=15, range : 19-54 years). For the cases where full toxicology was performed, four cases were positive for other designer drugs : phenazepam (2), 4-methylethcathinone (4-MEC) (1) and methylone (1). Other findings included cannabinoids (6), benzodiazepines (5), alprazolam (2)), antidepressants / antipsychotics (5), opiates (2), cocaine (2), diphenhydramine (1) and methamphetamine (1). Additionally 2 cases were also positive for fentanyl, one at a high (22 ng/mL) and one at a low (0.67 ng/mL) concentration. The presence of naloxone suggested resuscitative efforts in 1/3 of the 15 cases where complete toxicology testing was performed. The demographics for the 18 cases included 7 from Louisiana, 3 from California and 1 case each from Arizona, Florida, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Vermont and New Brunswick, Canada. Conclusions : There were 18 acetylfentanyl-related deaths for the 11 months beginning July 2013. Cases were identified in many geographical regions of the United States. The concentrations of acetylfentanyl were notably higher compared to the concentrations of fentanyl in fentanyl-related deaths, however no clinical studies have been performed with humans for this drug. For the two cases with acetylfentanyl concentrations < 1ng/ml both had findings which could otherwise explain the cause of death (heroin or 4-MEC). WFF2014 Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 6Health Services Command, Turkish Armed Forces, Ankara, Turkey IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Paraquat (PQ) is a well-known quaternary nitrogen herbicide. The major target organ in PQ poisoning is the lung. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation play a crucial role in the development of PQ-induced pulmonary injury. Neopterin is synthesized in macrophage by interferon g and other cytokines. We aimed to evaluate the utility of neopterin as a diagnostic marker in PQ-induced lung toxicity. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (sham and PQ), administered intraperitoneally 1 mL saline and PQ (15 mg/kg/mL) respectively. Blood samples and lungs were collected for analyses. Lung injury and fibrosis were seen in the PQ group. Serum total antioxidant capacity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lung transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1) levels were significantly higher than the sham group (in all, p < 0.001). In addition, in the PQ group, serum neopterin and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also significantly higher than the sham group (in all, p ¼ 0.001). Serum neopterin levels were correlated with LDH activities, lung MDA, lung TGF-1levels, and the degree of lung injury. These findings demonstrated that oxidative stress, reduction of antioxidant capacity, and inflammation play a crucial role in the PQ-induced lung injury. Elevated serum neopterin levels may be a prognostic parameter to determine extends of PQ-induced lung toxicity. Further studies may be performed to clarify the role of neopterin by different doses of PQ. KEYWORDS PARAQUAT; INFLAMMATION; LUNG TOXICITY O 14-4 ONE FATAL AND ONE NON FATAL FORENSIC CASES INVOLVING NASAL INTAKE OF α PYRROLIDINO VALEROPHENONE (PVP), A NEW SUBSTITUTED CATHINONE Philippe Cathala1, Celine Eiden2 , Pierre Antoine Peyron1, Marie Dominique Piercecchi-Marti3 , Olivier Mathieu2 , Helene Peyriere2 , Eric Baccino1 1 Departement De Medecine Legale, Chu Lapeyronie (university Hospital), Montpellier, France; 2Departement De Pharmacologie Medicale Et Toxicologie, Chu Lapeyronie (university Hospital), Montpellier, France; 3Service De Medecine Legale, Chu La Timone (University Hospital), Marseille, France 314 We present here two cases of fatal (1 autopsy case) and toxic (1 clinical forensic medicine case) recreational use of α-pyrrolidino-valerophenone (PVP), a new substituted cathinone. Substituted cathinones are a group of synthetic derivatives of cathinone, a psychoactive alcaloid extracted from Khat (Catha edulis). They appeared in the internet “recreational drugs” market in the mid 2000’s as stimulant and entactogen products and have been classified as narcotics in France since 2012 and placed in schedule 1 of the Controlled Substances Act by the US drug enforcement administration since 2014. In 2012, two men (21 and 32 years old) purchased on Internet a powder designed as “NRG3” and sold as a chemical lab reagent. Toxicological analysis of that white powder concluded that it was pure PVP. According to police reports, on the same evening, the two men consumed during a home party some alcohol and “NRG3” by multiple nasal intakes. The 32 yo man, collapsed 30 minutes after last intake and died in spite of fast and intensive CPR. Autopsy and pathology concluded to a sudden cardiac death in a context of atherosclerotic disease (60% narrowing narrowing of the right coronary artery; 50% of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery). Major other findings were pulmonary edema, obesity, hepatic steatosis and some possible chronic hypertension signs. Post mortem toxicology revealed 1500 ng/ml of PVP in plasma (and > 5000 ng/l in urine) associated to 3.65 g/l of alcohol and 3.3 ng/ml of THC (14.2 of THCCOOH). Mode of death was determined as accidental and natural. The youngest one (21 yo) was admitted to the emergency room with a clinical sympathomimetic syndrome with sinus tachycardia (BPM 128), hypertension (162/89), bilateral mydriasis, mild rhabdomyolysis signs (CK 1841 UI/l, myoglobine 273 µg/l) without acute kidney failure nor hyperthermia. On the following day, he developed a psychotic disorder with severe visual hallucinations lasting for 2 days and requiring some physical restraint and antipsychotic and sedative treatments. Plasmatic level of PVP was 235 ng/ml 6 hours after last intake. No other drug or alcohol was found. The two cases will be discussed and a literature review will be presented. Another fatal case has been reported by a Japanese team in 2014 : a young healthy man who suddenly died as he was restrained by roommates after having exhibited a sudden violent behaviour following a PVP intake (PVP blood level : 410ng/ml). Conclusion : As many other “designer drugs”, PVP should be considered as a real new life-threatening drug causing (or at least aggravating) severe poisoning cases. Cardiovascular WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 and psychotic complications seem to be the matter of particular concern. KEYWORDS PVP; CATHINONE; DESIGNER DRUGS ORAL PRESENTATION 15 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC): ISOTOPE & TRACE METAL ANALYSIS O 15-1 O 14-5 LC/MSMS ANALYSIS OF THE BENZODIAZEPINES ON DBS Heesang Lee, Yujin Park, Jiyeong Jo, Sangwhan In, Eunmi Kim, Sanggil Choe Forensic Chemistry Division, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) Jisook Min, Kiwook Kim, Sangcheol Heo, Yurim Jang Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) The application of IRMS and LA-ICPMS in forensic hair samples was investigated. Identification of forensic hair samples was carried out using stable isotopes and multi elements. As well as, what kind of information to be taken from the unknown hair samples was examined. The scalp hair samples were collected and stored in glass vial on the room temperature. Our isotopic data (C, N, O, S and H) for bulk hair indicated that this signature can be used as an alternative tool of identification for the cases without good results from DNA analysis. The single hair strand was analyzed for getting information like sex, smoking habit and occupation using LA-ICPMS. Even this study was a preliminary test, good results were acquired. stable isotope analysis of hair can provide information concerning a person’s dietary intake and the geo-location in which a person has lived. These isotope results will refer to forensic purpose. The average of δ2H (‰), δ18O (‰), δ13C (‰), δ15N (‰) and δ34S (‰) is -75.6±5.3, 11.8±1.1, -19.1±0.4, 8.8±0.6, 9.8±0.5, respectively. These results indicate that Korean have our own chemical fingerprint. We need much more various hair samples to be examined with LA-ICPMS and IRMS. KEYWORDS HAIR, FORENSIC; IRMS; LAICPMS O 15-2 KEYWORDS LC/MSMS DRIED BLOOD SPOT; BENZODIAZEPINE; ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PARTS BETWEEN GINSENG FROM BODY AND ROOTS BY USING ELEMENTAL ANALYZER-ISOTOPE RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY (EA-IRMS) Young-Hoon Jo1, Sang-Cheol Heo1, Ki-Wook Kim1, MyungDuck Kim1, Geum-Mun Nam1, Jong-Sin Park2 , Jae-Gyun Kim2 , Ji-Sook Min1 1 Division of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Chemistry, 315 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Dried Blood Spot (DBS) has been used as a new sample control method for analysis of inherited metabolic disorder screening in newborns and identification of various drugs in blood since 1960s. Today, DBS is used various fields such as toxicology and illicit drugs. With introduction of LC-MSMS for drug analysis, as it allows qualitative and quantitative analysis with small blood volume, DBS is used on behalf of solid-phase extraction (SPE) & liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in many fields. In toxicology field, many drugs (benzodiazepines, AAP, small molecule drugs etc) have been tested with DBS. Compared to existing sample extraction methods for serum and plasma, DBS has lots of benefits; lower general blood volume (less than 20 μL), shorter analysis time caused by more simpler analysis steps and lower cost etc. We optimized the DBS extraction procedure and LC/MSMS conditions for 30 benzodiazepines and their metabolites analysis in blood. The kind of DBS cards for blood extraction (DMPK A, B, C), card drying time, extraction solvent & time for punched card, and LC column & MS conditions were confirmed. We could find the best conditions for analysis of benzodiazepines in blood. Also, method validation was confirmed for DBS extraction compared to existing other extraction method; LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and precision. MUTI-ELEMENT AND STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSES IN HAIR FOR FORENSIC PURPOSE: WHAT KIND OF INFORMATION CAN WE GET IN HAIR ANALYSIS? WFF2014 National Forensic Service (Gwangju Institute), Jangsung, Korea (South) IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Control of origin of foods by stable isotope analysis has been performed, and determines evidence of the potential of this method for discrimination of foods (e.g., ginseng, rice, coffee, milk and meat, etc.) in different parts. Also, the analysis of origin in the samples could include crime scene investigation for forensic application. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) analysis for characterization between ginseng from body and roots, and a ginseng sample has been analyzed for the isotopic composition of the elements C, H, and O. A sample was collected from local farms (i.e., five regions) in Republic of Korea. Ginsengs were washed, dried at 70 ºC, ground into powders, the samples were weighted into tin capsules for C- (~0.5 mg), and silver capsules for Hand O-isotope analysis (~0.1 mg), and stored at desiccator before analysis. The results showed 13C values between −23.03 and −26.46‰, and 2H values between −53.59 and −83.94‰ 18O values between 22.18 and 29.97‰ for body of ginseng. Roots of ginseng gave 13C ratios between −24.77 and −26.84‰, and 2H values between −49.78 and −82.26‰ 18O values between 21.99 and 31.10‰. Moreover, additional principal component analysis (PCA) could further enhance the identification or discrimination of control between body and roots for forensic comparison. KEYWORDS FORENSIC APPLICATION; ORIGIN OF GINENG; ISOTOPE RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY (IRMS) Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) methods were developed to enable greater discrimination between different tyre rubber samples. Twenty-one different car tyre models, from 7 different manufacturers were used in this study. Several samples (n=5) were collected from skid marks and from the tyre tread, using an abrasive sheet and a rotating rig. Seventy elements were screened for each sample by ICPMS in both collision cell mode and reaction cell mode, from which the nine most reproducible metal elements Al, V, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Sr, Pb, and Bi were identified as having a high level of inter-variability and low level of intra-variability between tyres. ATR-FTIR analysis indicated a low intravariability (analysis of similar tyres) which demonstrated high precision of the technique, and also it showed a large inter-variability between different manufacturers and models, which supports their high potential as indicators to be used for discrimination between different tyres manufacturers and models. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilised to distinguish between the different tyres. William J. Bodziak, Tire Tread and Tire Track Evidence : Recovery and Forensic Examination. CRC Press, 2008. Line Gueissaz, Geneviève Massonnet, Tire traces – Discrimination and classification of pyrolysis-GC/MS profiles, Forensic Science International, in press 2012. KEYWORDS HIT AND RUN ACCIDENTS; TRACE TYRE ANALYSIS; ICP-MS, ATR-FTIR, PYROLYSIS O 15-4 O 15-3 DISCRIMINATION OF CAR TYRE RUBBER SAMPLES USING ICP-MS, ATR-IR AND PYROLYSIS GC-MS AND THE SUBSEQUENT MATCHING TO SKID MARKS Salah Eddine Breidi, James Barker, Steve Barton, Baljit Ghatora Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom It is quite common in hit and run accidents for rubber traces to be left at the crime scene. The Forensic Scientist will have the task of analysing the tyre striation traces in order to identify the type of tyre involved in the accident. However, the tyre striations alone do not provide enough detail to show a high level of discrimination between different tyre manufacturers and individual models [1, 2]. In this study, 316 A MURDER CASE SOLVED BY TRACE EVIDENCE Hongling Guo, Huixia Shi, Yangke Quan Trace Evidence, Institute of Forensic Science, China, Beijing, China Many cases rerun with the development of forensic techniques today, especially the development of DNA and trace evidence, which makes it possible to solve those cases happened several years ago. In China, trace evidence played an important role in recent years. A murder case was solved successfully 4 years after the crime was committed by trace evidence. A woman disappeared in 2009 and her decomposed body was found in sewage in 2013 when plumber fixed the conduit. Her husband was suspected to murder his wife and one pair of his shoes was found in the closet. The shoes and the soil collected WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 from the conduit were sent to trace evidence laboratory for comparison of soils. Under optical microscope, trace amount of “needle things” were found on both shoes and the soil sample. These “needle things” were examined by SEM/EDX and GRIM (glass refractive index measurement) and they turned out to be two kinds of glass fibers which were used to be heat preservation materials of the conduits. Elemental components and the value of RI of the two kinds of glass fiber collected from the shoes matched with that found in the soil. In this murder case, it is fortunate that the shoes had not been worn later and two kinds of glass fibers were found which strengthened the evidence powder. The husband confessed to kill his wife and dumped her body in the conduits. He was sent to prison based on the powerful trace evidence even without DNA and fingerprints at the crime scene. KEYWORDS TRACE EVIDENCE; GLASS FIBER; MURDER O 15-5 A NOVEL METHOD OF GENERATING DATA FOR TEXTILE FIBRES DATABASES This study investigated whether there are alternative methods for the generation of large, robust data collections beyond the reliance of experts whose time may be restricted. This study explored the possible use of inexperienced personnel including undergraduate and postgraduate students, studying forensic science courses, to create data that is appropriate for a forensic fibres database after a short training programme. This project focused upon the quality assurance procedures required to generate a large amount of fit-for-purpose data using this method, including the design of a comprehensive proficiency testing scheme that was more effective for the assessment of less experienced personnel than extant proficiency testing schemes. This proficiency testing scheme was designed and implemented to assess the ability of participants, participating in higher education, to analyse synthetic fibres using polarized light microscopy; a technique regularly used in casework by forensic practitioners. This paper will outline the proficiency testing results from 460 participants from UK universities and discuss how fibre analysis data generated using less experienced personnel can be used in databases of sufficient quality to be used in casework. F I B R E D ATA B A S E S ; P R O F I C I E N C Y TESTING; QUALITY ASSURANCE KEYWORDS Claire Gwinnett, Andrew Jackson Forensic and Crime Science Department, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom ORAL PRESENTATION 16 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS): IMAGE, VIDEO AND AUDIO SCIENCE O 16-1 THE APPLICATION OF HDR TECHNOLOGY IN CRIME SCENE PHOTOGRAPHY Zhou Chunbing Department of Forensic Science & Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Abstract : In crime scene photography, high dynamic range imaging (HDRI or just HDR) is a set of techniques that allow a greater dynamic range of luminance between the lightest and darkest areas of an image than that of the standard digital imaging techniques or photographic methods. This wider dynamic range allows HDR images to represent luminance distribution more accurately in real scenes ranging from direct sunlight to faint starlight. In this paper, I will show 317 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Textile fibres as a form of trace evidence are rarely used, although they have proven to be useful collaborative evidence. This is partly due to the expense of analysis and also the lack of interpretation aids such as data collections. The need for the generation of robust evidence databases to aid interpretation has been expressed frequently, especially since the RvT (1990) case where the validity of the data used in the generation of likelihood ratios to interpret footwear evidence was brought under question. This need for robust datasets extends to all types of evidence, including textile fibres, where known provenance and prevalence data would be beneficial for meaningful interpretations. Extant textile fibre data collections and databases are generally limited in size, scope or have become out-of date. This is understandable as the generation of such resources are costly in time and there are a limited number of fibres experts to populate such resources. In comparison, the number of students that now study forensic science, including the microscopy of fibres, in the UK and around the world has risen dramatically over the last ten years. These individuals, although non-experts, have sufficient skills and training so as to be useful contributors to such data collections. WFF2014 your several experimental evidences demonstrate that the HDR technique can solve many difficulties in crime scene photography, such as the recording of backlighting scenery and the high-contrast trace or evidences, and so on. As a result, I propose that HDR technique should be widely used in crime scene photography. ENHANCEMENT; HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION HDR; BACKLIGHTING SCENERY; HIGHCONTRAST TRACE Rodrigo Tavora2 , Francisco Assis Nascimento1 1 University of Brasilia, Electronic Engeneering, Brasilia, Brazil; 2 Federal Police, National Institute of Criminalistics, Brasilia, Brazil KEYWORDS O 16-4 DETECTING REPLICAS WITHIN AUDIO EVIDENCES USING AN ADAPTIVE AUDIO-FINGERPRINTING SCHEME O 16-3 STUDY OF FORENSIC IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNOLOGY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Mingjiu Wang, Fuyao Wang Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China Image enhancement technology plays a very important role to improve image quality in forensic identification. Some enhancement methods such as gray scale transformation, histogram equalization and fuzzy enhancement are researched in this paper. It puts forwards correspondence methods to solve some defects during the course of image enhancement. Aiming to the key problem of how to divide gray scale intervals, this paper puts forward a method called segmental 1inear transformation based on region segmentation. It accelerates the process of adjusting gray intervals and is an efficient method. In order to adapt to image local regional brightness characteristic, this paper puts forward a method called histogram equalization based on parabola modification. It can adjust the brightness and enhance the contrast of local region. At the same time it puts forward a method of how to select optimum parameters. By adjusting gray level values of pixels after equalization this paper puts forward a method called histogram equalization of preserving gray levels. It can make gray level layers more abundant and dispel the amalgamation of gray levels to some extent. This paper improves traditional fuzzy enhancement method. It uses sine membership function for fuzzy enhancement. So it avoids a large amount of the missing of gray scale information. At the same time it accelerates the selection of the optimum parameters. On the basis of fuzzy enhancement gray scale linear transformation is used to improve image enhancement result further. Experiences show that the methods of this paper obtain better enhancement result than some existing image enhancement methods. KEYWORDS 318 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING; IMAGE Audio authentication is one of the major tasks of audio forensic experts. Although active authentication is quite feasible, this feature is not expected to be included on general use equipments. Therefore, passive authentication methods still will have to be applied. Surprising, no specific method was proposed for short replica detection in audio evidences. An intuitive approach, referred as audio-fingerprinting and applied to music identification, is to segment the audio into frames, extract perceptual features, and search for similarity. But existing schemes are not suited to detect short replicas within audio evidences. To detect short replicas, this work proposes the use of a new adaptive binary audio-fingerprinting scheme, which divides spectrogram into sub-bands, using constant size overlapped Hanning windows, evaluates a linear sum for each subband, performs a sub-band and time derivation, and finally quantizes to binary values. A high audio-fingerprint (AF) identification rate is necessary, thus a high overlap of 0.95% is used. To detect replicas as short as 0.1s, frame duration is adjusted to 90ms. Since short replicas may correspond to only one distorted AF, range perfect search is necessary. Range search is applied with a maximum Hamming distance dmax, and since for each audio evidence the number of frames is known, the AF dimensionality is adjusted to limit the estimated number of false detections. To overcome the curse of dimensionality, range search is performed as exact match search using a hash table for all AF with errors below dmax. To increase the discriminative power and bit variance for each audio evidence, the use of a linear sum equalization sub-band division is tested, using the Brazilian National Criminalistics Institute Corpus, and the improvement is confirmed. The performance is evaluated under a sort of configurations comparing the true detection, after the number of bands is adjusted for a constant number of false detections. The detection criteria is that at least one AF is detected inside replica interval. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 To test uniqueness to discriminate intrasentence intraspeaker audio, two test sets are created using uncontrolled text speech, and speech with text repeated twice. The results suggest that AF’s from intrasentence audios are similar for stable speech. Even though the discrimination of intrasentense AF may be difficult, a final auditory analysis of detected intervals, its content and relevance, can help to confirm or discard the forgery hypothesis. Initially, to build a baseline performance, a test set is created with undistorted and uncontrolled text with replicas inserted at random positions. The detection rate is 100%, except for 0.1s replica duration. The best performance is obtained for the proposed adaptive method. To test robustness to detect masked editions, a similar test set is created and a sort of masking distortions is applied, like white noise insertion, amplitude, spectral and timescale distortion, and audio compression with MP3 and AAC. The experiments show that the proposed scheme can successfully detect short replicas, with almost 100% detection rate for amplitude and spectral distortions, and a regular performance for white noise insertion, time-stretch and audio compression. PASSIVE AUDIO AUTHENTICATION; AUDIO FINGERPRINTING; AUDIO FORENSICS KEYWORDS O 16-5 Nam-In Park, Tae Hoon Kim, Joong Lee Digital Technology & Biometry Dvision, National Forensic Service, Won-Ju, Korea (South) Since the recorded speech and audio files in the crime scene have become recognized as important evidences, such files are determined whether they are admissible as legal evidences or not in a court of law according to editing status. Generally, the speech and audio signals can be obtained and sampled by microphones. However, sampling rates vary depending on audio devices, and difference in sampling rates may occur, if a user edits the sample. This paper proposes the up-sampling detecting algorithm which measures the correlation of audio sample with its neighboring samples to decide the editing status. When up-sampling is performed on a sequence of samples in a continuous function or signal, it produces an approximation of the sequence that would have been obtained by sampling the signal at a higher rate. Here, note that the up-sampled KEYWORDS AUDIO SAMPLE CORRELATION; UPSAMPLING DETECTOR; EM O 16-6 RESEARCH ON METHODS FOR AUDIO RECORDER FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION 319 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) UP-SAMPLING DETECTING ALGORITHM BASED ON AUDIO SAMPLE CORRELATION (ASC) audio signal expressed by the summation of weighting factor has the correlation with the neighbors. To measure the Audio Sample Correlation (ASC), the fixed linear coefficients are extracted by ExpectationMaximization (EM) algorithm in the total audio data. In practice, of course, neither of the samples is correlated nor are the specific forms of the correlations typically known. To determine if a signal has been up-sampled, we employ the EM algorithm to simultaneously estimate a set of periodic samples that are correlated to their neighbors, and the specific form of these correlations. Note that each sample belongs to one of two models. The first model, (M1) corresponds to those samples that are correlated to their neighbors, and the second model (M2) corresponds to those samples that are independent. The EM algorithm is a two-step iterative algorithm. In the E-step, the probability that each sample belongs to each model is estimated and in the M-step, the specific form of the correlations between samples is estimated. Next, the final probability of each sample belongs to M1 obtained by EM-algorithm has the periodic characteristics, and these probabilities are transformed into Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-domain in order to analyze the periodic characteristics easily. In the DCT domain, the peak compared with neighbor frequency values is represented above 1 over 6 in case that the current audio signal was up-sampled. Moreover, the fixed linear coefficients extracted by EM were applied to find the audio editing tool for up-sampling. That is, each 8/16/32 kHz sampled audio data is up-sampled into 48kHz, then we can determine audio editing tool as find the minimum Euclidian distance between the fixed linear coefficients and trained fixed linear coefficients. For the performance evaluation, audio files consisting of speech and music were recorded at a sampling rate of 8/16/32 kHz with mono for 10 seconds. After each file is up-sampled by audio editing tool such as audition/Goldwave/Matlab, it was shown from the result of detecting accuracy that the proposed algorithm can detect the up-sampled audio signal with success rate of 95%. Finally, in case of the processed audio editing tool for the up-sampling, it was shown that the proposed algorithm has the accuracy of approximately 70%. WFF2014 Jinhua Zeng, Shaopei Shi, Xu Yang, Yan Li, Qimeng Lu Digital Evidence Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China With the popularity of cell phones and digital recorders, traditional analog recordings have been largely replaced by digital ones which have been the dominant type of questioned materials in the audio forensic examination. Digital recordings are important parts of audio-visual materials, and the research on their novel forensic authentication methods is of great importance both in theoretical significance and practical value. In this paper, we study methods for audio forensic authentication through identifying audio recorders. Silent segments were firstly extracted in digital recordings, and the key recorder-related statistical features, i.e., sampling histogram distribution and spectral mean, were computed. Digital recordings were accurately classified with the usage of the method in the fields of machine learning and pattern classification. The best classification accuracy in the experiments was up to 97.09%. On the basis of the result that digital recorders could be successfully identified, a feasible implementing scheme for forensic identification of digital recorders was proposed. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS AUDIO RECORDER; AUDIO FORENSIC AUTHENTICATION; PATTERN CLASSIFICATION ORAL PRESENTATION 17 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): LABORATORY I O 17-1 PROTEIN EXPRESSION PATTERN AND HISTOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS FROM MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA Minjung Kim1, You Jin Won2 , Bon Young Koo3 , Kyung Ryoul Kim1, Nak-Won Lee3 , Jaehong Park1, Yu-Hoon Kim4 , HanYoung Lee1, Joong-Seok Seo5 1 Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Ganwon, Korea (South); 2Forensic Medicine Division, Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); 3 Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 5 National Forensic Service, Wonju, Ganwon, Korea (South) 320 To identify the distinct histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis in sudden coronary death patients, we analyzed the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of atherosclerosis in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (experimental group) and control group. The culprit plaques in experimental group show vulnerable features including necrosis, thin cap fibroatheroma, rupture, hemorrhage, thrombosis, organizing thrombi, cholesterol cleft, inflammatory cell infiltration, vasa vasorum with statistical significance. The relative immunopositive area and intensity for CD68, P2Y12, CRP, Ubiquitin, Endothelin-1 was higher in IHD and AMI group than in the control group. Statistical significance was seen in CD68, Ubiquitin, Endothelin-1. Therefore, for the diagnosis of IHD and AMI, histologic features of plaque instability and CD68, Ubiquitin, Endothelin-1 positivity can be a supplemental examination. And CD68, Ubiquitin and Endothelin-1 may play a role in plaque vulnerability lead to sudden coronary death. C O R O N A RY AT H E R O S C L E R O S I S ; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY KEYWORDS O 17-2 THE EXPRESSION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR IN CORONARY ARTERY IN THE CASES OF SUDDEN CORONARY DEATH Xinshan Chen, Kaiyi Liu, Chunyu Shen Department of Forensic Pathology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Objectives : To study the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in the cases of sudden death caused by coronary heart disease (CHD) and relationship between the androgen receptor (AR) and sudden coronary death (SCD) in order to explore the mechanism of the development of coronary atherosclerosis and provide references for the prevent and treatment of CHD and medicolegal identification of SCD. Material and Methods : 53 cases and myocardial samples selected from the autopsied cases in our department from 2011 to 2012 were divided into 3 groups : 18 case of SCD, including 11 males and 7 females, as experimental group, another 18 cases (11 males and 7 females) with CHD but died of mechanical injuries and poisoning as control group I, and 17 cases without CHD (10 males and 7 females) who also died of mechanical injuries and poisoning as control group II. After HE-stained and immunohistochemistry-stained (SP) for the slices, the expression of AR in coronary arteries were WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 observed and the average optical density (AOD) of positive signal in each case were detected by using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 and compared among the 3 groups. Results : There were strongly positive expression of AR in control group II, weak positive expression in control group I and a little weaker in the experimental group. The results of computer image analysis and statistical analysis : ① Compared with control groupII, AR expressed in coronary arteries were significantly reduced in experimental group and control group I. ②There was no significant statistical difference between experimental group and control group I (P>0.05); There was no significant statistical difference between experimental group and control groupII (P>0.05). ③ There was no significant statistical difference between males and females(P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of AR in coronary artery was reduced in CHD patients, which suggested that androgen may have favorable effects on the cardiovascular system. SUDDEN DEATH; SUDDEN CORONARY DEATH; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR KEYWORDS O 17-3 ESTIMATION OF POSTMORTEM INTERVALS USING FTIR SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING METHOD The importance of determining the postmortem intervals is crucial to criminal, civil and forensic cases. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging is a highly versatile, label free chemical imaging method which can be applied to study a wide range of samples and systems. The technique exploiting the imaging changes of the different chemical functions for different from time zero to 168 h postmortem at molecular level, to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) was investigated. There were three different types of imaging changes after death based on the spectral imaging results : (1) the imaging area of some bands increased continuously (e. g., C–H stretching region), (2) the imaging area of other bands decreased continuously (e.g., PO2_ symmetric stretching), and (3) other bands remained relatively stable (e.g., C–OH bending, CO–O–C antisymmetric stretching). The imagine KEYWORDS P O S T M O R T E M I N T E RVA L ; F T I R SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING; ABSORBANCE BAND O 17-4 MUTATIONS OF DESMOGLEIN-2 IN SUDDEN DEATH FROM ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY AND SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH Mingchang Zhang1, Fabio Tavora2 , Allen Burke2 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Fudan University, shanghai, China; 2Medical Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States Desmoglein-2 (DSG2), a member of the desmosomal cadherin superfamily, has been linked to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)which may cause life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Fatal arrhythmias resulting in sudden death also occur in the absence of morphologic cardiac abnormalities at autopsy. We sequenced all 15 exons of DSG2 in DNA extracted from post-mortem heart tissues of 25 patients dying with ARVC and 25 from sudden unexplained death (SUD). The primers were designed using the Primer Express 3.0 software. Direct sequencing for both sense and antisense strands was performed with a BigDye Terminator DNA sequencing kit on a 3130 xl Genetic Analyzer. Mutation damage prediction was made using Mutation Taster, Polyphen and SIFT software. 2 DSG2 mutations (p. S1026Q fsX12, p. G678R)in two ARVC samples and 2 DSG2 mutations (p. E 896K, p. A858 V) in two SUD samples were identified, all the mutations were novel. We concluded that DSG2 mutations may not specific for ARVC and may be related to the fatal arrhythmic events even in patients with a morphological normal heart. KEYWORDS DESMOSOMAL MUTATION; ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY; SUDDEN 321 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Ping Huang1, Shiying Li1, Kaifei Deng1, Yiwen Luo 1, Qiran Sun1, Che Xu 1, Yijiu Chen1 1 Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Physical Analysis Division, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China areas of absorbance band were found to display either a significant increase or decrease with increasing time after death. of the imaging area of the various absorbance bands investigated to find the best fit with the cubic model function. Comparison of the rat imaging result with selected human postmortem cases showed similar postmortem changes. In conclusion, FTIR spectroscopic imaging can support further study for estimating short-term and long-term PMI. Upon future validation, FTIR spectroscopic imaging can offer advantages in combination with established methods to improve PMI estimation. WFF2014 UNEXPLAINED DEATH Guangzhou, China; 2Faculty of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China O 17-5 The cause of death for the decomposed corpses recovered from water is still a difficult issue in current forensic practice. The presence of diatoms in the closed organs of a cadaver has been regard as an indicator of death by drowning. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of diatoms in the body tissues like lungs, liver, kidneys and bone marrow can lead not only to the cause of death, but it may also help pinpoint a suspected drowning site. During the last few decades, many scientists have developed various diatom test methods individually in order to isolate diatoms from tissues samples and enrich diatoms successfully, such as acid digestion method, enzymatic method, soluene-350 method. And then diatoms were enriched by centrifugation or membrane filtering. The observation and identification of diatoms was based on the light microscopy. It is a professional work and very difficult for forensic experts. Tamaska found that only small diatom valves or valve fragments could penetrate as far as the bone marrow (femur) during drowning (according to Tamaska < 15 μm), thus making a magnification of between 630× and 1000× absolutely necessary for the detection. But researchers tended to use magnifications lower than 400×. This may be one of the reasons that Pollanen found that diatoms of the bone marrow are demonstrated in only one third of freshwater drowning. The scanning electron microscopy with advantage of high magnification and resolution, has been used in the forensic diatom test for years. It was proven to be a important tool for diatom test. However, atlas of diatoms pictured by SEM was absent. In order to compile the atlas, 119 different water samples, from 22 provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities, spread over different locations of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River in China were sampled by us. About 50 ml water of each sampling site was digested and then observed by scanning electron microscopy. The diatom genera found in samples were recorded. In the results, 24 diatom genera, including Achnanthes, Amprhora, Caloneis, Cocconeis, Coscinodiscus, Cyclotella, Cymatopleura, Cymbella, Diatoma, Diploneis, Fragilaria, Gomphonema, Gyrosigma, Hantzschia, Melosira, Navicula, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Rhoicosphenia, Stauroneis, Stephanodisus, Surirella, Synedra, Tabellaria, were found in all the samples. Navicula, Nitzschia, Cyclotella, Synedra and Gomphonema were commonly presented (>70%) across the broad geographical region. Hundreds of diatoms pictures were taken by SEM, it would be a valuable reference of diatoms identification for forensic experts. FORENSIC APPLICATION OF MICRORNA AS A TOOL FOR DROWNING PATTERN IDENTIFICATION IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Hyungseok Kim1, Joo-Young Na3 , Jong-Tae Park1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National Universtity Medical School, Gwangju, Korea (South); 2Research Institute of Forensic Science, Gwangju, Korea (South); 3Forensic Medicine Division, National Forensic Service, Jangseong, Korea (South) Forensic RNA research using microRNA is just implicated in body fluid identification, but the use of understanding for biological process in post-mortem pathology has not been proposed. This study has performed animal experiments to compare between fresh and salt water drowning model, and miRNA expression were analyzed in the brain through a forward bioinformatics screening approach. We identified 8 specific microRNAs which are increased in fresh water and decreased in salt water. Among them, miR-706 as a potent biomarker for the drowning pattern identification to target HCN1 gene. A higher expression of miR-706 was detected in fresh water drowning group than control and salt water drowning group (p<0.05, and p<0.01, respectively). HCN1 mRNA expression, suggested candidate target for miR-706, was decreased in fresh water group (p<0.01), and showed statistical difference between fresh and salt water drowning (p<0.01). And miR-706 was specifically expressed in hippocampal neuron by in situ hybridization. This study showed that specific microRNA may provide a new clue for understating of some crime scene investigation and pathobiological process in the dead body. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government. (NRF-2013R1A1A2007621) M I C R O R N A ; D E AT H P R O C E S S ; DROWNING KEYWORDS O 17-6 INVESTIGATION OF DIATOMS IN CHINA WITH SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Jian Zhao1, Yuzhong Wang2 , Chao Liu1, Sunlin Hu1, He Shi1 1 Forensic Pathology, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, 322 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; DROWNING; DIATOM TEST KEYWORDS Conclusions : Young women, with children and with low socioeconomic status are the most affected by intimate partner violence in our region. Information on IPV victims is important to evaluate existing policies, to finding appropriate responses and making the best use of resources. ORAL PRESENTATION 18 KEYWORDS CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM): TBC 2 INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; PROFILE; VICTIM O 18-1 IS THERE AN INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE VICTIM’S PROFILE? Mercedes Dominguez1, Rebeca Dieguez1, Jose Ignacio Munoz-Barus1, 2 , Natalia Perez3 , Gumersindo Guinarte3 , Fernando Vazquez-Portomene3 , Maria Sol RodriguezCalvo1, 2 1 Department of Pathology and Forensic Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 2 Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; 3 Institute of Criminology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain EVALUATION OF MEDICAL MALPRACTICE LITIGATIONS IN BEIJING, CHINA, 2002-2011 Tiantong Yang1, Di Lu1, Lin Chang1, Xu Wang1, Shengli Di1, Haidong Zhang1, Xiang Zhang2 , David Fowler2 , Ling Li2 1 Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, College of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China; 2Forensic Pathology, Office of The Chief Medical Examiner, State of Maryland, Baltimore, United States In the past 10 years, medical malpractice litigation has become a public health and social issue in China. Although the numbers of alleged medical malpractice cases have increased significantly in China, very few studies have been done to demonstrate the extent and characteristics of the alleged medical malpractice cases, the forensic evaluations and conclusions, as well as the judicial outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the medical malpractice litigations in Beijing. The Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (KLES) at China University of Political Science and Law (CULP) is responsible for investigation of almost all the alleged medical malpractice cases in Beijing. A retrospective study conducted by the KLES-CUPL revealed that a total of 1515 alleged medical malpractice cases were investigated by forensic medical experts between 2002 and 2011 in Beijing. of the 1515 cases, 45.2% were male patients and 54.8% were female patients. The age of the patients ranged from newborn to 90 years, with average age of 44 years. The alleged medical malpractice cases involved 11.3% of newborns with 15.3% (N=231) of young adult aged between 21 and 30 years, followed by 14.7% (N=222) of patients aged between 41 and 50 years. From 2002 to 2006, the average number of medical malpractice litigations was 123 cases per year, while from 2007 to 2011 the average number of medical malpractice litigations was 180 per year, a 46% increase. of the 1515 cases, 588 (38.8%) litigations were due to the patients’ death. Clinical departments involved in claims most often were 323 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Introduction : Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant worldwide problem with important social and health consequences. Because its magnitude and risk factors vary across different settings and cultures, it is a priority to improve the knowledge on this issue in order to formulate better evidence-based policy responses. The aim of the present study is to analyze the characteristics of intimate partner violence victims from a medico-legal and criminological perspective and to test if a profile of victim can be ascertained. Material and Methods : A retrospective analysis of IPV cases from the prosecutor office of Santiago de Compostela (NW Spain) was carried out. The period under study extended from January 2005 to December 2012, with a total of 582 files included in the investigation. A descriptive and comparative analysis of the variables was carried out. Results : IPV victims showed different socio-demographic characteristics although some features deserve special attention. Most of them were young adult women (mean 37 years old), of Spanish origin, either married or single, with children, unemployed and with a low family income level. Only 15% reported having some type of addiction. They lived with the abuser an average of 10 years and more than half had suffered a physical and/or psychological aggression. At the time of the abusive event, 64.5% lived with their children. Victim’s profile could be determined with an error of 20%. O 18-2 WFF2014 obstetrics (18.8%), followed by orthopedics (13.1%), general surgery (11.5%), and gynecology (8.3%). Based on the appraisal conclusion by the Forensic Appraisal Committee at Fada Forensic Institute (one of the national forensic appraisal agencies in China), medical error was found in 945 (62.4%) cases. of the 945 medical malpractice cases, the top medical misadventures were : improper performance of procedures (35.5%), insufficient diagnostic examination (22.8%), diagnostic error (13.2%), medication error (12.3%), and failure to provide timely rescue efforts (6.7%). Teaching hospitals were the sites of litigations in 63.6% (N=963) with confirmed malpractice cases of 62.3% (N=600). While non-teaching hospitals were the sites of litigations in 36.4% (N=552) with confirmed malpractice cases of 62.5% (N=345). In summary, medical malpractice litigations increased significantly in Beijing in the past 10 years. More than one thirds of litigations were due to patients’ death. Medical error or medical malpractice was confirmed by forensic appraisal in 62.4% cases. Although teaching hospitals were more likely to be sued than the nonteaching hospitals, there was no significant difference between teaching and nonteaching hospitals in the percentage of confirmed malpractice cases. KEYWORDS CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE; MEDICAL MALPRACTICE; JUDICIAL APPRAISAL IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) O 18-3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FORENSIC MEDICINE IN DIAGNOSING OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN TURKEY Yuksel Yazici1, Suheyla Aliustaoglu1, Haluk Ince2 , Atiye Sozen2 , Seyma Yenil3 , Cuneyt Cenger2 , Ahmet Acar3 , Yilmaz Yazici3 , Mustafa Erelel4 , Ayse Demirel3 1 Forensic Medicine, Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 4 Pulmonology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction : In Turkey, 9, 030, 202 employees were registered as insured in 2011. When we look at the number of the work accidents and occupational diseases of the insured employees, we see 69227 work accidents and 697 occupational diseases according to SSK’s (Social Insurance Institution) statistics. When we examine the distribution of these 697 occupational diseases, we see that 68% of them resulted from coal dust. When we talk about occupational 324 diseases in Turkey, the most common diseases are the ones resulting from dust, then comes lead poisoning and occupational skin diseases. According to the figures, the number of occupational diseases is quite few. Clinical forensic medicine is the last decision maker in Turkey in the cases, which entered into judicial process within the concept of occupational diseases, and other diseases related to work. The purpose of our study is to set forth the approach of the forensic medicine in this process. Material and Method : In our study, we represented the percentage and mean of demographic and clinic features of the cases that were diagnosed as occupational disease by the diagnosis criteria (ILO International Classification of Pneumoconiosis) and the ones that were not among pneumoconiosis cases sent by courts in Turkey between April 2009 and March 2012 to be decided whether they were occupational disease. Findings : 1526 cases in total between the employers and employees were sent by courts to be examined and decided whether they were occupational diseases. All of the cases were males and all of them were working in coalmines. Whereas 1-10 cases were coming from courts since 2009, it rose up to 93 since 2010. However, none of the 93 cases sent by the court in Mach 2012 was diagnosed as occupational disease. 7.2% (n : 110) of the 1526 cases were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis occupational disease. Discussion and Conclusion : As a developing country, Turkey has put forth great figures since 2003 with the working areas it offers and the improvement percentage it shows. It has also been struggling with work accidents and occupational diseases by the regulations it has enacted in the area of occupational health and safety. 1700 of the 69, 000 work accidents resulted in death in 2011. Work accidents and occupational diseases are criminal events. For this reason, forensic science experts are consulted for their views during judicial processes. A team of authorities from forensic science expert, chest disease specialist, and public health specialist share their views with the court on these issues. The fact that only 7.2% among the cases sued by courts as pneumoconiosis were diagnosed as occupational disease is quite challenging for occupational health and safety. In our study we discussed all these processes. WORK ACCIDENTS; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 18-4 O 18-5 MEDICOLEGAL CONTRIBUTION IN PUBERTY ASSESSMENT FOR A DECISIVE JUDGMENT IN ISLAMIC LAW THE DELIVERY OF CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICAL SERVICE IN SAUDI ARABIA Kholoud Sami Alsowayigh , Mamdouh Zaki , Alhanouf Alsowayigh1 1 Senior Forensic Medicine Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Forensic Medical Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 1 1 KEYWORDS PUBERTY; ISLAMIC LAW; FORENSIC The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a large and expansive country with a population of about 30 million. Islam is the religion of the country and state. Clinical forensic services in the country deal with a variety of clinical issues including rape (females and males and of a wide age range), age determination, assessement of bodily injuries, child abuse, domestic violence abuse and other responsibilities. Although the country is a traditional conservative islamic country the role of the well - qualified and well- trained, female based clinical forensic nurse is non- existent. The directorate of forensic medical forensic services is embarking on a strategy to revamp and modif the delivery of the clinical forensic medical service for sexual assault concerning women and children to be staffed by female clinical forensic nurses dealing. Male clinical fornensic nurses will also be encouraged to develop and become a recognized entity to take part in the similar delivery of clinical forensic medical services dealing with sexual assault on men. The interplay of religious judgements (rules, edicts and principles) and forensic sciences in the handling and processing of clinical forensic medical cases will be discussed as this might allow the attendants an opportunity to learn about this unique and interesting interaction. KEYWORDS SEXUAL ASSAULT; RELIGION; FORENSIC NURSE O 18-6 IDENTIFYING THE MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF PHYSICIANS IN TERMS OF INFORMED CONSENT AT ISTANBUL FACULTY OF MEDICINE, ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY Cuneyt Cenger1, Giray Kolcu2 , Atiye Sozen1, Yılmaz Yazici3 , Ayse Demirel3 , Sebnem Korur1, Haluk Ince1 1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Community Health Center, Ministry of Health, Department of Selçuklu, Konya, Turkey; 3Public Health, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey 325 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Puberty is the process of physical changes by which a child’s body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction to enable fertilization. In response to the signals from the brain, the gonads produce hormones that stimulate libido and the growth, function, and transformation of the brain, bones, muscle, blood, skin, hair, breasts, and sexual organs. Physical growth, height and weight, accelerates in the first half of puberty and is completed when the child has developed an adult body. The definition of the onset of puberty may depend on perspective (e.g., hormonal versus physical) and purpose (establishing population normal standards, clinical care of early or late pubescent individuals, etc.). A common definition for the onset of puberty is physical changes to a person’s body and this is the most accepted according to the Islamic law. These physical changes are the first visible signs of neural, hormonal, and gonadal function changes. In living subjects, puberty assessment by medicolegal experts is frequently requested by the legal authorities to establish an individual’s status as a minor in cases involving criminal responsibility, place of keeping in custody, child pornography, consideration of marriage, and also those seeking protection in official shelters, especially where adequate identification documents are lacking. The aim of the current study is to review the legal consequences of medicolegal assessment and recognition of the onset of puberty and its various stages in the forensic clinic, in the light of Islamic law or doctrine for Muslims “Shari’ah Law” applied until now in many Islamic countries. Consequently, the current work will propose the implementation of a unified policy in the assessment of puberty in different healthcare institutes as well as forensic medicolegal centers. Simplified guidelines for the interpretation of clinical findings in a two way bilingual policy (English/Arabic) will be provided as well. Khalid Jaber, Manal Ba Mousa Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Medical Centres, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 Introduction : Informed consent includes detailed verbal and written consent, which is obtained after responding to the patient’s questions on his/her disease and its treatment, using language that the patient can understand, allowing the patient to achieve the necessary knowledge of the circumstances. After being convinced that his/her patient is capable of deciding on his/her treatment, the physician informs the patient on their current state of health; diagnoses that is made; type of treatment that will be used to manage intervention of the physical integrity; the success rate and duration of treatment;and the risks of treatment to the patient’s health. Aim : Identifying the minimum knowledge level of physicians at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University in terms of informed consent. Material and Method : We used the Physicians’ Minimum Knowledge Level of Informed Consent Survey. Face to face interviews were conducted with 350 physicians through March and April, 2014. Results were assessed with Chisquare test and Somers’ D test. Findings : Seventeen of the participants reported that there was no informed consent form in their department regarding medical practice. The average age of the physicians who had informed consent forms in their department regarding medical practice was 32.84 9.73 (min : 24 max : 65), 58% were male, 52% were single, 56.2% were aged under 30 years. of the participants, 97% obtained the informed consent verbally and 59.5% provided a written form. A total of 41.4% of the participants reported that only residents gave information regarding suggested treatment in their clinic, and 30% of the participants allowed the patient more than 20 minutes to comprehend the information. Whilst 62.5% received training on informed consent; 87.7% of the participants still require training. We determined that nonsurgical branches provide information regarding medication that will be prescribed for treatment more often than the surgical branches. However, contrary to the physicians in nonsurgical branches, physicians in the surgical branches provide written information more frequently, but they believe that informed consent will not protect them against malpractice lawsuits (p<0.005). The ratio of physicians who have concerns about malpractice lawsuits despite having informed consent is 57.7%. Discussion Training has been planned for the departments as an outcome of this survey since the physicians’ main concern was malpractice lawsuits regarding unprotectiveness of informed consent practice. While the practice of obtaining written consent in the surgical branches has become a standard practice, informing of pharmacotherapy is observed more often in nonsurgical departments. 326 INFORMED CONSENT; MALPRACTICE; STANDARD PRACTICE KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 19 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): NEW TECHNOLOGY O 19-1 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A MASS SPECTROMETRY BASED APPROACH FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL STAINS Heather Mazzanti1, Kevin Legg2 , Christian Westring3 , Phillip Danielson4 1 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Forensic Science, The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 3Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 4Biology, University of Denver, Denver, United States In certain criminal cases, such as sexual assaults, biological stain characterization is important. Current assays employed by forensic practitioners, however, yield only presumptive results. There are well documented instances of positive results obtained with non-target body fluids. Additionally, for some biological fluids, such as vaginal fluid, there are no available tests. Therefore, a more accurate approach for biological stain identification is well warranted. Using state-of-the-art protein characterization technologies, the proteomes for six body fluids; peripheral and menstrual blood, vaginal fluid, semen, urine and saliva, have been characterized. High specificity protein biomarkers were selected and tested for each biological fluid. Current research has expanded this work by developing and validating a multiplex assay for the simultaneous identification of the six aforementioned biological fluids. The developed assay for the targeted biomarkers employs multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (QQQ). This facilitates highly selective and specific fluid identification from any single or mixed source samples. Validation of this multiplex assay thus far has included sensitivity studies, reproducibility studies, repeatability studies and species specificity studies. Results of these studies have determined that this method can accurately and reliably confirm protein biomarkers for the identification of biological stains in casework-type samples. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 SEROLOGY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PROTEOMICS KEYWORDS O 19-2 A NOVEL FORENSIC APPROACH TOWARDS DETERMINING TIME OF DEATH UTILIZING SALIVA GLYCOSYLATION Hyun Joo An Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) KEYWORDS POST MORTEM INTERVAL; SALIVA; GLYCOME O 19-3 DETECTION OF MALE DONOR DNA IN SIMULATED PHYSICAL CONTACT/ASSAULT MIXTURE SAMPLES USING ENHANCED ONE-STEP MICRO-VOLUME DNA PROFILING OF ISOLATED BIO-PARTICLES Katherine Farash1, Erin Hanson2 , Jack Ballantyne3 1 Forensic Science Graduate Program, Biochemistry Track, Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3 Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States The ability to obtain profiles from trace biological evidence is routinely demonstrated with so-called’touch DNA evidence’ (generally perceived to be the result of DNA obtained from shed skin cells transferred from donor to an object or person during physical contact). Current methods for the recovery of trace DNA employ cotton swabs or adhesive tape to sample an area of interest. While of practical utility such a’blindswabbing’ approach will necessarily co-sample cellular material from the different individuals whose cells are present on the item, even if the individuals’ cells are located in geographically distinct locations on the item. Thus some of the DNA mixtures encountered in such touch DNA samples are artificially created by the swabbing itself. In some instances, a victim’s DNA may be found in significant excess thus masking any potential perpetrator’s DNA. In order to circumvent the challenges with standard recovery and analysis methods for touch DNA evidence, we have developed a lower-cost, ’smart analysis’ method that results in enhanced genetic analysis of touch DNA 327 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) In forensics science, accurately establishing a person’s time of death can often make the difference between a conviction and an acquittal. However, standard methods of post mortem interval (PMI) estimation are easily confounded by extenuating circumstances and/or environmental factors. Therefore, a panel of PMI markers is often necessary to definitely establish time of death. We propose saliva glycosylation as a potential new source of PMI markers. Glycosylation is highly affected by its biochemical environment, and numerous studies have linked changes in glycosylation to diseases and other changes in the body’s metabolism. Saliva, in particular, is extremely rich in glycosylation and may be easily collected from (most) dead bodies, potentially providing forensic investigators with a novel way of estimating time of death. Since access to recently-deceased humans was limited, we decided to validate the concept using rat saliva. Rats were killed by carbon dioxide, and saliva samples were collected at various time points both before and after death. N-glycans were enzymatically released by PNGase F. Released glycans were purified and fractionated by solid phase extraction. Enriched N-glycans were identified, profiled, and structurally elucidated by both MALDI-TOF/TOF and nano-LC Q-TOF MS. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the efficacy of individual glycan markers as indicators of PMI. Rat saliva was found to include a large diversity of N-glycans, including high mannose type, truncated complex type, fucosylated complex type, and both NeuGc- and NeuAc-sialylated complex type glycans. Glycan compositions were initially assigned by accurate mass, then confirmed by tandem MS. Isomers were differentiated by retention time. Large differences were readily apparent in the saliva N-glycan profile of live rats and those that had been deceased for various periods of time. Visual inspection of both MALDIMS spectra and nano-LC/MS chromatograms confirmed several-fold differences in the abundances of several potential PMI marker glycans. In particular, high mannose type and fucosylated complex type glycans were found to increase in abundance following death. In addition, the degree of fucosylation (up to a maximum of four fucoses), as well the degree of glycan branching (up to four antennae) increased in saliva N-glycans following death. Finally, two specific glycans (Hex4HexNAc7Fuc2 and Hex5HexNAc6Fuc4) were found to be exclusively present in the saliva of deceased rats. While translation of these results to human saliva will eventually be necessary for practical application, the preliminary data provide a proof of concept and serve as a basis from which to expand our knowledge of glycosylation changes after death. WFF2014 evidence (e.g. worn clothing items, touched/handled objects, skin/skin mixtures). A one-step 5ml micro-volume lysis/ STR amplification reaction permits the recovery of full or probative STR profiles of the donor of single (or few) bio-particles recovered from touch DNA evidence (e.g. worn clothing items and other household items, touched/ handled objects and surfaces, skin/skin mixtures). The use of individual or few (i.e. “clumps”) of bio-particles results in the ability to obtain single source profiles. Here we demonstrate the successful use of our developed “smart” analysis methods for touch DNA evidence with the ability to recover probative single source profiles from single and “clumped” bio-particles from various touched objects and clothing items. With the feasibility of this method demonstrated, we then report the use of this approach for the detection of male donor DNA (single source) in simulated physical contact/assault mixture samples (e.g. perpetrator grabbing a victim’s wrist, neck or clothing, or contact with victim’s bedding as in sexual assaults). Probative profiles were obtained from 33% and 40% of the single and clumped bio-particles tested and the male donor was identified in every mixture sample tested. The results of this work demonstrate an enhanced alternative strategy for the recovery of a single source perpetrator DNA profile in forensic physical contact/assault cases that may not be possible using standard recovery and analysis techniques. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS TOUCH DNA; MICRO-VOLUME DNA PROFILING; PHYSICAL CONTACT MIXTURES correlation of aging with DNA methylation have been described in the human genome, providing a set of potential marker candidates for age prediction. In the present study we developed a methylation assay relying on bisulfite conversion and pyrosequencing, and employed it to evaluate 7 CpG sites located in the ELOVL2 gene promoter. The final linear regression model, which was built on the basis of 303 samples, included 2 CpG sites and explained 85% variation in age, allowing for age estimation with prediction error = 7.1 years. Examination of an independent set of 124 blood samples showed that 68.8% of samples were correctly predicted, assuming that chronological and predicted ages matched ±7 years. Experiments with bloodstains stored at room temperature for 5, 10 and 15 years showed that the average age prediction success rate was similar and equaled 64%. The obtained results show that the methylation status of the ELOVL2 gene promoter is a good source of information about human chronological age and can be applied in forensic age estimation from blood, including old bloodstains. DNA-BASED AGE PREDICTION; DNA METHYLATION; ELOVL2 KEYWORDS O 19-5 AUTOSOMAL SNP GENOTYPING OF ARTIFICIALLY DEGRADED DNA BY USING UV IRRADIATION Mitsuyo Machida, Kazuhiko Kibayashi Legal Medicine, Tokyo Womens Medical University, Tokyo, Japan O 19-4 VALIDATION OF ELOVL2 METHYLATION MARKER FOR ESTIMATION OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE IN FORENSICS Renata Zbiec-Piekarska1, Magdalena Spolnicka1, Tomasz Kupiec2 , Żanetta Makowska1, Anna Spas1, Agnieszka ParysProszek2 , Krzysztof Kucharczyk3 , Rafał Ploski1, Wojciech Branicki2 1 Department of Biology, Central Forensic Laboratory of The Police, Warsaw, Poland; 2Section of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland; 3Biovectis, Biovectis, Warsaw, Poland; 4Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland DNA-based prediction of chronological age in forensic investigations may allow for better description of an unknown individual and limit the number of potential samples to be investigated. Many markers showing 328 DNA in biological samples is often vulnerable to environmental factors such as high temperature, high humidity, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and microorganism contamination. Short tandem repeats (STRs) profiling, the most commonly used method for forensic DNA identification, is not suitable to analyze highly degraded DNA samples, because small DNA fragments inhibit long STR loci from being amplified in PCR reactions. We, therefore, focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the analysis of degraded DNA. The advantage of SNP analysis is that the amplicon sizes are as short as those of degraded DNA. To assess the SNP sites that are susceptible to degradation, we artificially degraded DNA by using UV light and analyzed SNPs as a function of irradiation time. DNA was extracted from the buccal swabs from volunteers (n = 11) and degraded by exposing them to UV irradiation for 5, 15, 30, 60, or 120 min. The SNP genotyping was performed using 24 primers reported previously in the literature. This WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 study was approved by the ethics committee at Tokyo Women’s Medical University. This study showed that 72% of SNPs were detectable after 120 min of UV irradiation. SNPs as binary polymorphisms were divided into homo and hetero types. After 120 min of UV irradiation, the numbers of detectable SNPs significantly decreased from 17.6 ± 2.3 to 14.4 ± 2.4 in homo-type SNPs (p < 0.05) and decreased from 6.5 ± 2.3 to 2.9 ± 1.3 in heterotype SNPs (p < 0.01). Allele drop-in and drop-out occurred in SNPs exposed to 5 min of UV irradiation. Although we did not find a difference in the incidence of allele drop-in for the four base types at the SNPs, adenine was dropped out more frequently than that for the other three base types after 120 min of UV irradiation (p < 0.05). Approximately 30% of SNP genotypes differed from those in the absence of UV irradiation, when UV light was applied for 120 min. Only 30% of the SNPs damaged by 120 min of UV irradiation could be repaired using the PreCR Repair Mix. The results of this study indicate that (1) both homo- and hetero-type SNPs are affected by degradation, (2) adenine is the base that is the most susceptible to drop-out, and (3) UVdamaged SNPs are less repaired. Hence, adenine drop-out should be considered in the interpretation of SNP analyses of degraded DNA. Moreover, we speculated that DNA repair was difficult once DNA samples were exposed to UV light for long periods because of base modifications. KEYWORDS SNP; DEGRADED DNA; UV IRRADIATION KEYWORDS ABO GENOTYPE; PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID; FLUORESCENCE MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS ORAL PRESENTATION 20 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI): TOXICOLOGY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) O 19-6 of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and mutation. Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) is a nucleic acid analog in which the sugar phosphate backbone has been replaced by a synthetic peptide backbone. The PNA-DNA hybridization is more unstable than the DNA-DNA hybridization in base mismatches such as SNPs and point mutations. We developed a new method for ABO genotyping using the PNA probe based FMCA (PNA-FMCA). FMCA specific primers were designed to select three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites (nucleotide positions 261, 526, and 803) of exons 6 and 7 in ABO gene. PNA probes were dual-labeled and self-quenched probe which was tagged to the fluorescence (FAM, HEX, Texas Red) in C-terminal and the quencher in N-terminal. In this study, PNA-FMCA allowed for the simultaneous detection of three SNPs and the determination of ABO genotypes. To compare the accuracy of PNAFMCA, we tested 30 whole blood samples by PNA-FMCA and previous method using allele-specific PCR. The ABO genotypes of PNA-FMCA and allele-specific PCR showed same results (3, 6, 1, 9, 5, and 6 samples for AA, AO, BB, BO, AB, and OO, respectively). A NEW METHOD FOR ABO GENOTYPING USING THE PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID PROBE BASED FLUORESCENCE MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS O 20-1 Kyungmyung Lee1, Hyun-Chul Park1, Sanghyun An1, EuRee An1, Yang-Han Lee1, Si-Keun Lim1, Mi-Jung Kim2 , Jae Sin Park3 , Jin Wook Jung3 1 Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, GangwonDo, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-Si, Gyeongnam, Korea (South); 3Department of Technical Development, Seasun Biomaterials, Daejeon, Korea (South) Thomas Keller1, Andrea Keller1, Michael Boettcher2 , Ulrich Preiss3 , Fabio Monticelli1 1 Toxicology Department, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Salzburg, Austria; 2MVZ, Labor Dessau, Dessau-Rosslau, Germany; 3Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Oldenburg, Germany ABO genotyping has been routinely used for narrowing down suspects or unknown remains in crime investigation and personal identification of a decomposed body. Fluorescence Melting Curve Analysis (FMCA) based on melting temperature (Tm) generated by thermal denaturation of the probe-target hybrid is a powerful tool for detection DRUGS AND DRIVING IN SALZBURG AND UPPER AUSTRIA BETWEEN 2003-2012 In Austria the legislation related to road traffic and safety is laid down in the road traffic act. Until 2002 a blood sample could not be drawn in Austria due to the regulations stipulated by the Austrian constitution. Since the revision of article 5 of the Austrian road traffic act in 2003 it now states that any person in a state of impairment due to alcohol or drugs of abuse may not drive a car or put a car into operation. 329 WFF2014 During the years 2003-2012 alcohol, pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse were analyzed in 2368 blood samples from suspected drivers under the influence of alcohol, drugs and/ or medication. A wide variety of illict drugs and medications as well as alcohol could be detected in the blood samples taken. Cannabis (49%), opiates (22%), amphetamines (17%) and cocaine (12%) were the drugs with the highest prevalence. Among the legal medications benzodiazepines (21%) were the substance class mostly detected. In the time period under consideration a newly developed urinary roadsite-test system, Check 24, with two different cut-off-levels for THCCOOH-glucuronide was evaluated. Using this test a better differentiation between a recent and temporal earlier cannabis consumption was possible. Conclusions whether or not the driver is under the actual influence of cannabis can be drawn using this test device. The technology of pupillography was also applied in cases of drugged driving and clearly showed the predictibility of the presence of at least one central nervous active substance in the blood of a suspected drugged driver. KEYWORDS DUID, DRUGS OF ABUSE; ALCOHOL, PUPILLOGRAPHY; AUSTRIA IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) O 20-2 COMPARISON OF ALL IONS TIME-OF-FLIGHT (AITOF) AND QUADRUPOLE TIME-OF-FLIGHT (QTOF) TECHNOLOGY FOR SCREENING OF NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY CASEWORK Barry Logan1, Jared Castellani1, Alexander Maggitti1, Matthew Mcmullin1 1 Toxicology, Nms Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Toxicology, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, Willow Grove, United States There is increasing interest in the use of high resolution liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (HR-LCMS) for drug screening in forensic toxicology casework. The technique offers increased specificity and sensitivity over established immunological screening methods, and more rapid run time and less labor intensive sample preparation than conventional GCMS Screening. In traditional TOF testing, the lack of fragmentation allows identification strictly through a retention time and accurate mass relative to the expected retention time and calculated exact mass, which is based on the corresponding molecular formula of the parent compound. In our experience, when dealing 330 with complex forensic specimens especially in postmortem applications, many artifacts, minor metabolites, degradation products, adduct formation, and drug analogs and isomers can create false positives in the screen, generating unnecessary confirmatory tests and/or many potential candidate compounds which require manual evaluation and manipulation to characterize the true identity of the peak. We evaluated three ionization modes in the Agilent 1290/6530 HPLC/QTOF mass spectrometer with Jet Stream® Technology for screening for therapeutic drugs, traditional drugs of abuse, and novel psychoactive drugs in authentic forensic samples. These were All- Ions Collision-Induced Dissociation in the Source (CIDS), All-Ions Collision Induced Dissociation in the Collision Cell (CIDCC), and conventional Quadrupole Time of Flight (QTOF) modes. All-Ions TOF data was acquired by setting up an acquisition method with alternating collision energies or fragmentor voltages in the collision cell or source chamber respectively. Using a locally acquired database containing QTOF data/ spectra for 140 target compounds, focusing on emerging drugs or novel psychoactive substances (NPS), the three approaches were evaluated by analysis of blinded samples including 47 synthetic blood samples spiked with various combinations of drugs totaling 131 analytes, each spiked into two different samples, 13 human postmortem blood samples spiked with 131 analytes, and 54 postmortem patient blood samples suspected of containing the target drugs, each at 1uL and 10uL injection volumes. Tentative identifications were made based on retention time (+0.25minutes), mass accuracy, abundance thresholds, and fragmentation ions presence and ratios compared to the spectra in the database provided, as well as the fragment ion profiles relative to the parent mass. Result findings were then compared to either a spiking key (spikes) or LCMSMS confirmations of LCTOF screens for authentic patient samples. Assay performance at higher drug concentrations was comparable in spiked synthetic blood samples across all methods. At lower concentrations closer to the detection limits, both CIDS and CIDCC had superior performance over QTOF with respect to identification of drugs spiked into the samples. In the authentic postmortem patient samples previously determined to contain drugs by LCTOF following LCMSMS confirmation, the CIDS and CIDCC methods performed comparably, with better performance with 10uL injections with respect to both true positives and false negatives. In summary, both the in-source and collision-cell fragmentation in All Ions mode provided comparable selectivity to QTOF LCMSMS, and performed better with a larger (10uL) injection volume. LCTOF with in-source WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 fragmentation improves analytical selectivity for routine applications to approximately the same degree as a QTOF without the associated cost. KEYWORDS LCTOF; LCQTOF; POSTMORTEM O 20-3 INITIAL STUDIES ON THE FUBINACA AND PINACA SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS Ashraf Mozayani1, Aybike Dip1, Michael Chen2 , Jeffrey Walterscheid2 1 Adminstration of Justice, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, United States; 2Harris County Institute of Forensic Science, Houston, Texas, United States FUBINACA, 5-fluoro ADB-PINACA, AB-PINACA, ADBICA, and ADB-PINACA). The R2 values for the standard curves were greater than 0.994 for all drugs in the range 2.5 - 100 ng/mL. The limits of quantitation were determined to be 0.5 – 100 ng/mL. The linearity of the curve is suspect above 100 ng/mL. The information obtained from these studies will be used to guide efforts for the detection and identification of unknown metabolites. Conclusion : The methods developed in this project have demonstrated the ability to detect and quantitate six members of the FUNBINACA and PINACA families in blood. Work is currently underway to extend this method to other drugs and to generate and determine the structure of the primary metabolites of these drugs. KEYWORDS SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS; FUBINIACA; PINACA O 20-4 FATAL POISONINGS IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE: DATA FROM CUKUROVA, TURKEY Ramazan Akcan1, Ali Eren3 , Ebubekir Burak Celik2 , Muhammed Mustafa Arslan4 , Necmi Cekin2 1 Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Adana, Turkey; 4Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey Acute poisoning, in childhood and adolescence, is still an important public health problem, which is responsible for serious morbidity and mortality. Acute poisoning in childhood is mostly accidental in manner; however, it is reported to be mostly associated with intentional selfpoisoning or substance abuse particularly regarding fatal poisonings among adolescents and adults, in developed countries. A great number of accidental childhood poisonings are associated with wrongful storage or use of toxic agents. On the other hand, a child might be poisoned due to improper use of toxic agents by parents. Rarely a child or adolescent may be deliberately poisoned by an adult. The risk factors, manner and pattern of acute poisoning events vary from country to country or change over time in same country. Therefore, related data needs to be determined for each country in order to find out the extent and properties of the issue, according to which related preventive measures might be implemented. Epidemiological data regarding acute childhood and adolescence poisonings in Turkey is 331 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Introduction : Hundreds of drugs that mimic the effects of THC (synthetic cannabinoids) have been introduced to the illicit drug market in the past several years. As legislation has made some compounds illegal, manufacturers have sought other analogs that are not in violation of the law. These variations include compounds that have been given the trivial names AB-FUBINACA and ADB-FUBINACA. ABFUBINACA was detected in blended synthetic products in 2012, and placed on the DEA Controlled Substances List as a Schedule I drug on 10 Feb 2014. Little is known about the metabolism of these substances or about their pharmacology. Objective : To develop an LC/MS method for the detection and quantitation of AB-FUBINACA and its analogs in blood, and to determine the primary metabolites of these drugs. Methods : Extraction methods and instrument parameters have been developed for a procedure that involves analysis on an Agilent 6460 Triple Quad LC/MS with Agilent 1200 Series HPLC system. Initial tests have shown that a combination of ethyl acetate and hexane (80 : 20) along with buffered adjustments to pH 12 give superior liquid/liquid extraction recovery over ethyl acetate alone. The extraction procedure has been designed to utilize small volumes of solutions to minimize the impact on the environment and to control costs. Standard calibration curves have been evaluated covering a concentration range of 2.5 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL, using deuterated AB-PINANCA, AB-FUBINACA and ADBPINACA as internal standards. The Phase 1 and Phase 2 metabolites of these drugs will be generated by incubating the drug with human liver cell (hepatocyte) cultures, and by animal models. Results : Optimum mobile phase gradient and sample analysis time have been established with suitable flow rates for six of the compounds (5-fluoro ADBICA, AB- IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 extremely limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine detailed characteristics of poisoning related deaths in childhood and adolescence in Cukurova, Turkey. The records of the Public Prosecutor’s Office and of Adana Group Administration of Council of Forensic Medicine were used. Medico-legal death cases (n : 11742) autopsied in Adana between 2001 and 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The deaths due to poisonings in childhood and adolescence (n : 120), aged less than 18 years, were included in the study. All cases were examined with regard to gender, age, toxic agents responsible for poisoning, route of exposure, autopsy and laboratory findings, sociodemographic data, place of incident, place of death, manner of death, provided treatment, hospital stay, and monthly distribution of cases. The deaths due to fatal poisonings in childhood and adolescence (120 cases) constituted 1.02% of all autopsies performed between 2001 and 2010. The fatal poisoning cases represented 5.8% of overall deaths in childhood and adolescence, during the study period. Out of all 62 (51.7%) of the victims were female and 58 (48.3%) were male, with a female to male ratio of 1.06. The ages of victims ranged between 2 months to 18 years, and the mean age was 11.7±6.0 years. The overwhelming majority of victims (n : 70, 58.3%) in the 14-18 age group followed by 2-5 age group (n : 24, 20%). Pesticides were the most common toxic agents causing fatal poisoning (n : 65, 54.17%), followed by carbon monoxide (CO) (n : 34, 28.3%), medications (n : 11, 9.17%) and opiates (n : 6, 5%). The majority (n : 65, 54.2%) of deaths were due to accidental poisonings, followed by suicidal poisonings (n : 46, 38.3%). Preventable accidental poisonings are still a significant cause of death among children. Accidental poisoning related deaths are common in preschool age, while suicidal poisonings were more common among adolescents in our population. Unlike the literature pesticides are the most frequent agents causing poisoning in our region. Educational programs toward families in terms of measurements to be taken, use and storage of toxic agents will reduce the number of poisoning related deaths. KEYWORDS CHILDHOOD; POISONING; DEATH O 20-5 PLASMA PROTEOMICS RESEARCH IN HYDROGEN SULFIDE POISONING BASED ON MASS SPECTROMETRY Jiang Qing2 , Ruyun Du3 , Xiaopei Cui3 , Siwei Tang3 , Xianyi Zhuo1, Yi Huang1 332 Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Technical Center for Industrial Products and Raw Materials Inspection and Testing, Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai, China; 3Department of Protein Science, Huabo Biopharm (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China 1 Mechanism of hydrogen sulfide poisoning is unclear in protein level. It is crucial to find potential protein biomarkers in blood both for clinical and forensic purpose. MS based quantitation proteomics research has rapidly developed in the last decade and offers a powerful tool to screen potential biomarkers. Here, a mouse model of hydrogen sulfide poisoning was designed and established, and proteomics method was firstly introduced in our study. Hydrogen sulfide was exposed to the mice at a controlled density of 150ppm at three time points, 0 hour, 2 hours and 4 hours, respectively. After blood collection, the plasma were separated and treated with ProteoMiner (Bio Rad) to remove high abundance proteins. The quantitative protein profiling was performed by TMT-labeling and nano-HPLC-MS/MS. Two replicates were applied to confirm the identification and quantitation results. Total 745 proteins were identified in two replicates and bioinformatics research was used to help us analyze this result. In summary, proteomics research provides a powerful tool in toxicology research and help us reveal the mechanism of Hydrogen sulfide toxicity in protein level. KEYWORDS HYDROGEN SULFIDE POISONING; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PROTEOMICS O 20-6 A SENSITIVE ION CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NITRITE IN WHOLE BLOOD IN FORENSIC CONTEXT Hui Yan, Xiangyi Zhuo, Baohua Shen, Ping Xiang, Min Shen Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai, China Numerous methods are available for measurement of nitrite in plasma or serum. There are few reports in the literature describing the determination of nitrite in human blood because of its rapid metabolism within the erythrocytes. A simple and effective method is proposed for determination of nitrite in whole blood using ion chromatography. Nitrite present in human blood was determined after deproteinization and 100-fold dilution WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 with ion chromatography using suppressed conductivity detection. A linear current response in the concentration range from 0.001 to 0.50µg/mL nitrite was observed yielding a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. Ions that are suspected to affect nitrite determination in human blood were removed in sample treatment or separated on the analytical column. Basal levels for nitrite in human blood were determined with 0.33±0.04µg/mL (n=12). The method was successfully applied to the determination of blood nitrite level of a victim who committed suicide by ingesting sodium nitrite. Following on from the workshop at the 2012 European Association of Forensic Sciences (EAFS) conference where this new method was introduced, this presentation will outline the use of this new technology in a follow-on pilot project with 3 UK police forces, in which Easylift is being utilized as a screening tool at burglary scenes. Easylift is being employed to identify the populations of fibres present at point of entries in order to potentially link scenes and identify prolific offenders. This presentation will describe the initial results of this study and its future potential for casework. NITRITE; BLOOD; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY KEYWORDS TAPE LIFTING; FIBRES ANALYSIS COST REDUCTION; INTELLIGENCE LED POLICING KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 21 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY: FORENSIC POLYMER ANALYSIS O 21-1 O 21-2 DIRECT ANALYSIS OF SINGLE FIBERS RETRIEVED BY PRESSURE ADHESIVE TAPE USING MICRO CONFOCAL RAMAN SPECTROMETRY Traditionally, the use of fibres evidence at volume crime scenes is unusual due to the time consuming nature of the analysis and the subsequent cost to police forces, but fibres evidence could provide important intelligence information. Fibres evidence is traditionally retrieved using tape lifting, which can be usefully employed to systematically retrieve trace evidence from a variety of surfaces. Improvements have been made to this method over the years but there are still problems associated with the subsequent removal of evidence, involving time-consuming dissections of tape and the potential for evidence loss in the process. A new tape lifting system has been developed that solves these problems called Easylift. The use of this new tape lifting system allows for in situ analysis of fibres evidence, removing the need for the removal of individual fibres before characterisation using polarizing light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, microspectrophotometry (MSP) and Raman spectroscopy. This new system reduces analysis time and incidences of loss or contamination, whilst still allowing the option of easy tape dissection if desired, this lends this method nicely to fast fibre screening for crime scenes that do not commonly analyse this evidence type. Single fibers are very important as trace evidence to prove contact between suspects and victims, and distribution of single fibers at a crime scene can confirm movement of the suspect. Single fibers are retrieved from garments or human skin using adhesive tape, and they are identified by infrared or Raman spectrometry. Recently, confocal Raman spectrometry has been applied to direct analysis of the components of synthetic fibers without removing them from the adhesive tape. This procedure eliminates potential contamination of the sample in the laboratory. Furthermore, confocal Raman does not suffer from interference from the tape backing material or adhesive. For analysis, adhesive tape that was used to retrieve single fiber fragments was adhered to a glass slide. An assumption on the generic class of the synthetic fiber was made based on the color of the polarized light after the fiber was placed in a crossed-Nicol position. However, instrumental analytical spectra, which measure the structures of fibers, should be used as evidence in court. The instrument used was a Thermo Fisher Scientific DXR microscope with the following parameters : laser length, 532 nm; filter; 532 nm; grating, 900 lines per mm; aperture, 50 micro-m; magnification, 100 times. The laser power CAN FIBRES ANALYSIS FOR VOLUME CRIME SCENES BE COST EFFECTIVE? 333 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Claire Gwinnett, Andrew Jackson Forensic and Crime Science Department, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom Shinichi Suzuki1, Hiroaki Yoshida2 , Daisuke Watanabe2 , Masataka Sakayanagi3 1 Identification Center, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 23rd Division of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan; 3Forensic Science Laboratory, Kanagawa Police H.q., Yokohama, Japan WFF2014 was optimized for the target fiber based on the structure assumption from the polarization observation. The optimized laser powers for polyester, polyamide, and polyacryl were 3, 5, and 5 mW, respectively. The Raman spectrum obtained from each fiber was matched with that of a reference Raman spectrum. The structural information obtained for single fibers with this method has important evidential value. In addition, this method is nondestructive and not subject to contamination issues. O 21-4 KEYWORDS S I N G L E F I B E R ; M I C R O - R A M A N SPECTROMETRY; NONDESTRUCTIVE The interpretation of vehicle paint evidence in forensic casework hinges on a number of factors including the type of paint, colour, number of layers, and background information. Vehicle colour surveys are an important source of information for the forensic paint examiner when interpreting the level of significance of a paint transfer between vehicles involved in a collision or smears of vehicle paint left at the scene. The two surveys that are to be presented investigated (i) the frequency of the colour of vehicles observed on both a motorway and suburban roads in Western Sydney and (ii) the frequency of different vehicle paint colours transferred to car park pillars and walls from five different car parks within North West Sydney, Australia. In the first survey, the highest frequency of vehicle colours recorded were white, grey, black and blue. The second survey resulted in very similar findings with the four most commonly seen colours across the five car parks being blue, white, red, and silver. The results in the second survey take into account the potential for anomalies within the data due to the use of painted service vehicles used within the car parks, such as trolleys and trailers. Interestingly, the results from both surveys were very similar to previous vehicle colour surveys that have been conducted and also corresponded to the vehicle colour registration data obtained from the NSW Roads and Maritime Service website. The results from these two surveys provide up to date statistics that can provide the forensic paint examiner with valuable background data when assessing the significance of vehicle paint evidence in casework. O 21-3 THE APPLICATION OF THE PYROGARM DATABASE IN FORENSIC AUTOMOBILE PAINT ANALYSIS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Che Xu, Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r. China, Shanghai, China Pyrolysis- gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (Py-GC/ MS) is a useful tool in the forensic analysis of automobile paint. However, a pyrogram, the total ion chromatographof paint after pyrolysis, is always complicated. Since the NIST database only provides the search for mass spectrum of a single chemical, it is inconvenient to search with the whole pyrogram in the forensic analysis of automobile paint. To achieve an effective search of pyrograms, the F-search 3.10 softerware (Frontier Laboratories Ltd., Japan) was applied to establish a user database. The software has a function of INtsum mass spectrum, which integrates the program according to the m/z distribution, in other words, the horizontal axis unit is changed from time to m/z. The redrawn mass spectrum offers more complete information of the paint sample and can be searched by the computer. In the current study, a primary user database containing pyrograms of thirty clear paints were established. As a result, the search result was consistent with that of manual comparison. On the other hand, the match indexes were not very distinguishing, because styrene was the main pyrolysized product of clear paints and its characteristic ion m/z 104 contributing a lot to the INt-sum mass spectrum. In conclusion, the paint pyrogram database is useful in the check of background information and evaluating the evidence value of identification, especially if it can be combined with the infrared spectra database. KEYWORDS PY-GC/MS; PYROGRAM DATABASE; AUTOMOBILE PAINT 334 SURVEYS OF VEHICLE COLOUR FREQUENCY AND THE TRANSFER OF VEHICLE PAINTS TO STATIONARY OBJECTS IN SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA Fiona Jackson, Joanna Bunford, Claude Roux, Philip Maynard Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia VEHICLE PAINT COLOURS; SURVEY; FORENSIC INTERPRETATION KEYWORDS O 21-5 CHEMICAL TYRE RUBBERS ANALYSIS WITH ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DISCRIMINATION OF CAR’S TYRE SAMPLES AND THE SUBSEQUENT MATCHING TO THEIR SKID MARKS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Salah Eddine Breidi, James Barker, Steve Barton, Baljit Ghatora School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom ICP-MS, ATR-FTIR, PYROLYSIS GC-MS; RUBBER ANALYSIS; TYRE ANALYSIS, SKID MARKS KEYWORDS O 21-6 SNAP-LOCK BAGS WITH RED BAND: A STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MANUFACTURING MARKS Yvonne Hui Ying Sim, Shing Min Lim, Sok Yee Yew, Alaric Drug packaging is one form of evidence type commonly sent to the Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory in Singapore. The drugs seized are often found packaged in plastic bags. When linkages between these bags are found, they can provide law enforcement with useful associations between the traffickers and drug abusers. The plastic bags submitted may include snap-lock bags, some with a red band located above the snap-lock closure and some without. Current techniques for examination involve looking at the physical characteristics (dimensions, thickness and polarising patterns) and manufacturing marks of these bags. In cases where manufacturing marks in the main body of the bags are poor or absent, the manufacturing characteristics present on the red band can be examined. A study involving approximately 1000 bags was conducted to better understand the variations in the physical and manufacturing characteristics of the red band. The understanding of these variations is crucial in helping to determine associations/ eliminations between bags. Two instrumental techniques involving the DSC and FT-IR were explored to evaluate the effectiveness of examining the chemical composition to discriminate the bags. KEYWORDS MANUFACTURING MARKS; PLASTIC BAGS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ORAL PRESENTATION 22 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS): BIOMETRY AND HUMAN IDENTIFICATION O 22-1 EXEMPLAR-BASED SUPER-RESOLUTION OF 3D HUMAN FACE MODEL Young Min Shin1, Kyoung Mu Lee2 1 Research Institute, Samsung SDS, Seoul, Korea (South); 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) In this paper, a new method for enhancing the resolution of 3-dimensional models, especially human face, is proposed. Obtaining high density 3D model is an important issue in 335 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) It is quite common in hit and run accidents for rubber traces to be left at the crime scene. The Forensic Scientist will have the task of analysing the tyre striation traces in order to identify the type of tyre involved in the accident. However, the tyre striations alone do not provide enough detail to show a high level of discrimination between different tyre manufacturers and individual models [1, 2]. In this study, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) methods were developed and a pyrolysis GC-MS was optimised to enable greater discrimination between different tyre rubber samples. Twenty-one different car tyre models, from 7 different manufacturers were used in this study. Several samples (n=5) were collected from skid marks and from the tyre tread, using an abrasive sheet and a rotating rig. Seventy elements were screened for each sample by ICPMS in both collision cell mode and reaction cell mode, from which the nine most reproducible metal elements Al, V, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Sr, Pb, and Bi were identified as having a high level of inter-variability and low level of intra-variability between tyres. ATR-FTIR analysis indicated a low intravariability (analysis of similar tyres) which demonstrated high precision of the technique, and also it showed a large inter-variability between different manufacturers and models, which supports their high potential as indicators to be used for discrimination between different tyres manufacturers and models. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilised to distinguish between the different tyres. 1-William J. Bodziak, Tire Tread and Tire Track Evidence: Recovery and Forensic Examination. CRC Press, 2008. 2- Line Gueissaz, Geneviève Massonnet, Tire traces – Discrimination and classification of pyrolysis-GC/MS profiles, Forensic Science International, in press 2012. Chin Wai Koh, Thiam Bon Lim Forensic Chemistry and Physics Laboratory, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) computer vision and computer graphics. The multi-view intensity images or the depth images obtained from depth sensors such as the time-of-flight (TOF) cameras and the laser scanners are the major data sources to reconstruct the 3D models. However, the physical upper limit of resolution of the imaging devices and the insufficient data obtained from the real environment often leads to the low resolution 3D models. The proposed method aims to enhance the single 3D human face model beyond the initial resolution which is limited by the source data. While many researches are done for the super-resolution of intensity images and there exist some prior works on the depth images, this is the first attempt to super-resolve the single 3D point cloud data without additional intensity or depth image observation of the target object. We propose to solve the ill-posed inverse problem of super-resolution by querying the database which contains previously learned exemplars of the corresponding high resolution 3D data associated with the low resolution data. The missing detail of the low resolution input 3D model is inferred from the exemplars in the training database with the consideration of the consistency with neighbors. The Markov Random Field (MRF) model is constructed on the 3D surface, and the proper energy function is formulated as a multi-class labeling problem on the MRF. Experimental results show that the proposed exemplar-based method solves the superresolution problem with high accuracy. KEYWORDS COMPUTER VISION; SUPER-RESOLUTION; 3D MODEL O 22-2 COMPARISON OF THE METHODS OF BODY HEIGHT MEASUREMENT IN VIDEO IMAGES Xuejing Dai Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China With the rapid development of video monitoring, more and more video images are acquired in case investigation, so height measurement of the suspected from video images becomes an urgent need to solve technical problems. At present in our country, there are three methods of body height measurement, i.e. the perspective drawing, software measurement and the scene simulation. In this paper, the three methods are compared through experiments and the conclusions are obtained as followed respectively. The perspective drawing has the advantages of low cost and being 336 easy to operate, however, if there is no the reference to meet the measurement requirements, or there is no vanishing point in the video images, the measurement is more difficult. The software measurement is based on a mathematical calculation on the basis of matrix transformation method, which can be used to measure the distance between two specified points in the digital image and calculate the body height accordingly. However, the measuring results are affected by shooting focal length and height, the angle between the shooting mirror and the horizon, the measured points, etc. The scene simulation is an analog measuring method on the basis of the scene reconstruction. It can get a better effect if the shooting point is relatively fixed. And the measuring result is affected by the registration of image reconstruction, and therefore greatly influenced by subjective factors. KEYWORDS BODY HEIGHT; MEASUREMENT; VIDEO IMAGE O 22-3 FORENSIC 3D FACIAL IDENTIFICATION SOFTWARE (FIDENTIS) Igor Chalas1, Petra Urbanova2 , Zuzana Kotulanova2 , Marie Jandova2 , Miroslav Kralik1, Barbora Kozlikova1, Jiri Sochor1 1 Department of Computer Graphics and Design, Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2 Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic This presentation introduces a novel software tool for forensic 3D facial identification, called FIDENTIS. FIDENTIS is multi-platform open-source software written in Java for which source code, binaries and documentation are freely available at http://fidentis.cz. It serves for the analysis of human faces while enabling to perform a variety of expertize- and/or research-oriented tasks which can become challenging for forensic analysts dealing with facial portrait identification in the three-dimensional digital environment (e.g., forensic anthropologists, forensic pathologists). These tasks include comparing two or multiple faces, quantifying the magnitude of dis/similarities between faces, creating 3D facial composites from selected parts of the faces or analyzing sets of faces in order to detect specific biological or other dependencies (e.g., inter-population variations, sex-related characteristics etc.). The integral part of FIDENTIS is formed by our own database of 3D virtual models of human faces (3D Virtual Model Database of Human Faces) which contains high WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 resolution models of approximately 2, 000 individuals acquired by optical surface scanners. FIDENTIS integrates the state-of-the-art and novel computer graphics methods and algorithms utilizing, in particular, the latest 3D technologies. The comparison of 3D faces in FIDENTIS is grounded on standard facial landmarks (up to 40 points included) in conjunction with principals of geometric morphometrics and on more complex facial surface alignments and computations. This provides the users with a high degree of freedom and flexibility, from manual to semiautomatic and automatic processes, required while examining forensic evidence. More importantly, FIDENTIS meets legal requirements that demand the use of quantifiable scientific methods with known error rates. FIDENTIS offers the users with both numerical and visual representations of outputs. In combination with other features, this gives the program the potential to become a valuable tool for forensic analysts. KEYWORDS FORENSIC FACIAL ANALYSIS; SOFTWARE TOOL; 3D FACE DATABASE by the smart phone camera. Each snap shot is tagged with the relative angle obtained from the smart phone sensors. The user marks the panoramic image with spatial constraints such as the location of edge or corner of the wall and the geometries of the windows and doors. Given the spatial constraints, a 3D floor plan is generated. The overall process is sufficiently easy for laymen investigators in the field with ordinary smart phones and furthermore the captured model can be used as a basis for investigative simulation environments. KEYWORDS SMARTPHONE; RECONSTRUCTION; INDOOR CRIME SCENE O 22-5 SALIENCY COMPUTATION OF ACTIONS FOR FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION IN VIDEOS Jinhua Zeng Digital Evidence Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China O 22-4 INDOOR CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION USING A SMART PHONE Simulation based tools can help investigators solve crimes more efficiently and effectively in many ways. For example, it allows 24/7 access to the crime scene data, formulating of plausible hypotheses through realistic simulations, collaborative and objective analysis with multiple perspectives, and seamless integration and immediate application of quantitative tools. Capturing and reconstructing the crime scene into a digital 3D model is the first and foremost important step to realizing such a computer based investigation. Currently, while it is possible to reconstruct the crime scene using laser scanners, the usage is rather restrictive due to their cost, maintenance and operational requirements. In particular, laser scanners are not fit for capturing indoor scenes with everyday objects obscuring the walls and floors. In this paper, we present a smart phone based system that can semi-automatically reconstruct the 3D model of an indoor crime scene floor plan. First a 360 degree cylindrical panoramic image of the indoor scene is stitched together from a series of snap shots taken 337 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Jong-Gil Ahn, Youngsun Kim, Youngwon Kim, Gerard Jounghyun Kim Korea University, College of Information and Communications, Seoul, Korea (South) In forensic science, techniques for human identification based on automatic analysis of behaviors are still underdeveloped. With audio-visual materials and expert testimony being the legal evidences, and the popularity of video surveillance, research on human action detection and its saliency (individuality) computation in videos has been of great significance and value in both theory research and forensic science. It has met great challenge to identify persons solely based on their appearances in videos, but human actions include important individual information. Nowadays research on action recognition and detection techniques in the field of machine vision has gained great progress. But these methods can not fit in forensic science due to their different purpose of algorithm design. Benefiting from the latest achievements in the research on the key cognitive mechanisms of the human behavior understanding in the fields of cognitive psychology and its related disciplines, we made full use of the latest research outcomes in our work. In the work, each human action was represented as the action chain which consisted of motor primitives. The motor primitive was defined as the basic motion unit which encoded features of motion information and appearance. The key spatiotemporal features such as spatio-temporal interest points were computed in each motor primitive. In order to compute the saliency of one action such as walking, etc., its action chain was first established through its motor primitive computation and sequential organization, and then compared with the WFF2014 action chain database of the same action type. The action saliency would be used as an important metric to identify persons, and it would offer an objective and quantitative index for forensic human identification in videos. KEYWORDS B E H AV I O R A L S A L I E N C Y; M I R R O R NEURON SYSTEM; ACTION CHAIN ORAL PRESENTATION 23 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM): TBC 3 O 23-1 THE NEED, PROCESS, DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE NATIONAL GUIDELINES ON EXAMINATION, REPORTING AND MANAGEMENT OF SEXUALLY ABUSED SURVIVORS FOR MEDICO-LEGAL PURPOSES OF SRI LANKA IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Ananda Samarasekera1, Anuruddi Edirisinghe1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, South Asian Institute of Technology & Medicine, Malabe, Sri Lanka; 2Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka Sexual violence is ubiquitous; it occurs in every culture, in all levels of society and in every country of the world resulting in negative impact on the health of the population. Apart from physical trauma, potential reproductive, sexual and psychological consequences are numerous. Thus, in all societies sexual violence has been criminalized. However sexual violence is said to follow the phenomenon of an iceberg, where reporting to law enforcement representing the tip. In Sri Lanka there is a significant increase of reported cases of sexual violence. In Sri Lanka when a case is reported, the police must take the victim to a government medical officer, specialist or non specialist, of a health care facility for medico legal examination. Though there is a worldwide trend of shifting from a judicial centered perspective to a health care perspective of medical examination of these survivors, such shifting was not evident in Sri Lanka due to several reasons. Having recognized the need for improvements in the management of the sexually abused survivors, The College of Forensic Pathologists of Sri Lanka initiated the development of national guideline on examination, reporting and management of sexually abused survivors for medicolegal purposes in 2008 with the technical and financial 338 assistance of UNFPA Sri Lanka in corroboration with the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Justice. A multi-sector consultative process was setup to adopt already published guidelines for medico-legal care for victims of sexual violence by WHO and clinical management of rape survivors by UNFPA. One of the main difficulties encountered at the consultative process was potential harm to the case in the court of law which could occur by adopting international guidelines without having optimal infrastructure facilities and human resources. The solution offered to this issue was development of three grades of recommended practices in the management, firstly to adhere secondly desirable therefore to offer and thirdly optional to carry out or not based on the facilities and resources available. To assess the feasibility of implementation and to recognize unforeseen problems a pilot study was conducted in selected government hospitals over a specified period. The guidelines validated by relevant administrative and legal authority, on 27th May 2014, the document was launched in Colombo with the intended purpose of improving the quality of the medico-legal services to facilitate criminal investigation and administration of justice. The expected outcome further included uniformity in the examination, providing medico-legal, clinical and psychosocial management to survivors simultaneously and minimizing institutional, personal, technical and terminology differences in the process. To achieve the expected outcome effective and sustainable implementation is the task ahead. Training of doctors currently engaged in medico-legal work on how to use the guideline is the need of the hour. Monitoring and auditing is yet another step ahead. Further in cooperating the guide to medical curricular of undergraduate and postgraduate training programs in forensic medicine is vital for sustainability. The commitment of the administrative and political authority who are responsible for providing necessary infrastructure and resources are the other factors for the success. KEYWORDS NATIONAL GUIDELINES; SEXUALLY ABUSED SURVIVORS; 500 O 23-2 IMPLEMENTATION OF ISTANBUL PROTOCOL IN SRI LANKA - REAPPRAISAL OF A DECADE’S PROGRESS Clifford Perera Dept. of Forensic Medicine, University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka, Galle, Sri Lanka WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 of law is firmly established in the entire country, the mere acception of Istanbul protocol would not bring forth any considerable change. Our attempt in this paper is to elaborate the progressive events of the last decade, the association of rule of law and Istanbul protocol, its effects and the way forward more extensively. KEYWORDS TORTURE DOCUMENTATION; ISTANBUL PROTOCOL; RULE OF LAW O 23-3 TELL ME YOUR STORY OF ABUSE Selim Ozkok, Fusun Callak Kallem, Bedir Korkmaz, Ozlem Erel, Tulay Elbek Forensic Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey Child’s medical history is one of the most important step in determination of sexual abuse. Sometimes child’s medical history may be the only signs of sexual abuse. In the medical history, the child’s own words and expressions are important and sometimes diagnostic. We examine all suspected sexual abuse casses which evaluated in our department. We evaluated their medical history in terms of age, gender and word structure. In this study, we worked in 150 cases which examined in Adnan Menderes University Department of Forensic Medicine in the years 2004-2013 that were examined on suspicion of sexual abuse under the age of 12. 3 patients had a history of accidents were not included in the study. The study included 147 patients and 77 of them were girls, 70 of them were boys. We determine physical signs of sexual abuse from a total of 32 cases; 22 were men, 10 of them were girls. 62 of them tell the sexual abuse event in their own words in examined 147 cases. In these 62 patients 31 of them were girls and 31 were boys. When the age of patients grows event expressing became more detailed and more clear.In this 62 cases, we found the physical signs of sexual abuse in 24 cases. Cases describing the event on their own words were considered positive findings of sexual abuse. Words according to their age and socio-cultural characteristics are more specific rather than learned words such as’raped me’, and sometimes diagnostic. KEYWORDS C H I L D S E X U A L A B U S E ; M E D I C A L HISTORY; CHILDREN’S EXPRESSION 339 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Documentation of torture for medico-legal purposes is a multidisciplinary, multi-stage and integrated exercise decisive in providing reparation. The UN-endorsed Istanbul Protocol contains the first internationally recognised standards and procedures for effective documentation of torture which could be used to record scientific evidence on torture required to be submitted to courts. Adoption of torturous practices against civilians by the state and its allies in post-independence Sri Lanka has been increased in an exponential rate over the last three decades. Many preventive mechanisms attempted to curb such practices have found a unique strength in the Sri Lankan medical field which could be harnessed to minimize torture in the local society. It was the detailed medico-legal documentation maintained by forensic practitioners on the alleged torture victims they had examined since eighties. The Istanbul protocol which had UN commendation in 1999 was designed by an expert group to provide detailed guidelines on examination of torture victims. In 2003, International Rehabilitation Centre for torture victims (IRCT) based in Denmark launched the Istanbul Protocol implementation Project (IPIP) in 5 selected countries in the world including Sri Lanka. The emphasis on accurate and detailed documentation of examination findings of torture victims was necessary in the recent times in Sri Lanka as the courts are relying heavily on medical reports for interrogation. In a situation where most of the torture victims are examined by grade medical officers who are not full time forensic practitioners, deficiencies of various degrees are commonly observed pertaining to documentation of examination findings. Therefore it was attempted to introduce uniformity in existing documentation and improve the substandard practices by implementing Istanbul Protocol. However it was revealed that adoption of Istanbul Protocol could not be done as a whole in a short period due to variable degree of compliance from medical officers and further it need to be modified according to domestic requirements. More importantly, this Istanbul Protocol Implementation Project (IPIP) has brought forth the effective means of medical documentation of torture available both locally and internationally into a broader forum of discussion in Sri Lanka during the last ten years. The continuous decline of rule of law and legislative infrastructure in Sri Lanka seriously affected IPIP work and adoption of Istanbul protocol to the domestic context of the society. The lack of enthusiasm at the upper strata in legal and police fraternities was evident despite having many rounds of seminars, briefings and discussions. Following an extensive approach to the principles of Istanbul Protocol at various professional levels it is now clear that unless and until rule WFF2014 O 23-4 LEGAL IMPACT OF MEDICOLEGAL ASSESSMENT OF VIRGINITY IN CIVILIAN AND CRIMINAL CASES IN ISLAMIC COMMUNITY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Mamdouh Zaki, Kholoud Alsowayigh Senior Forensic Medicine Examiner, Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Culture and religion carry several prohibitions and taboos, especially in the Arab-Muslim communities, which has a great impact on the sexual behavior and its perception, particularly that of women. Moreover, a special medicolegal assessment of virginity is required in allegations of sexual assault incidents as well as many certain civilian such as marriage, divorce, and in some traumatic experience involving the hymen. The aim of the current study is to review the legal consequences of medicolegal assessment and reporting of virginity in the forensic setting, in the light of Islamic law or doctrine for Muslims “Shari’ah Law” which is still formally applied in many Islamic countries. Therefore, the current work will propose the implementation of a unified policy in reporting and managing of these cases in different healthcare institutes as well as forensic medicolegal centers. We realize that a strict consideration should be made in documenting normal hymen variants, abnormal changes and equivocal changes, as well as post-injury surgical repair changes. Details of visual, photographic and colposcopic documentations will be described as well. We will also provide simplified guidelines for hymen description and interpretation of clinical findings in a two way bilingual policy (English/Arabic). This project will clear the frequent confusion to many investigators in different fields of medicine. The unified plan will also help to protect the forensic medical team from remote legal consequences in case of claiming medical malpractice due to ambiguous documentation. In addition, the policy must be accompanied with other medical professionals’ awareness to forensic consultation when facing such problems which is had a great concern in Islamic community. KEYWORDS VIRGINITY; HYMEN; ISLAMIC O 23-5 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAFFIC FATALITY ACCIDENT IN ELDERLY. MEDELLÍN, 2005 TO 2010 340 Luz Eliana Giraldo Vasquez Antioquia, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal, Medellin, Colombia Objective. Identify risk factors geographic, environmental and accident, associated with the risk of dying from traffic accidents among the elderly in the city of Medellin, which occurred in the years 2005 to 2010 in order to generate evidence to guide management preventive actions and the construction of public policies on road safety for this population. Methodology : A cross-sectional study with case-control analysis matched for age and sex, based on secondary data records generated in the municipality of Medellin on road accidents in the period between 2005 and 2010. Was calculated the OR (CI-95%) to explore association between factors and the risk of dying from traffic accidents. Was performed a conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate the probability of dying from an adult according to the geographical risk factors, environmental and accident. Georeferencing was used for spatially locating the sites of occurrence and results of the study. Results : Was found no association between the risk of dying from traffic accidents in the elderly and the condition of pedestrian walkways and number one (1) to two (2) where the accident occurred. The place of higher occurrence of accidents with fatalities was the Candelaria district. Conclusion : In the city of Medellin older adults are more driven and risk associated with dying once when they are injured on condition of pedestrian run-over on the day on the road and when there are one to two lanes and presents a driveway. But the greater likelihood of dying is presented in the pedestrian walkways between one and two. KEYWORDS ELDERLY; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; LETALITY O 23-6 FALSE HISTORY GIVEN BY VICTIMS/PATIENTS DURING MEDICO-LEGAL EXAMINATIONS. Kumara Senanayake Medicolegal Department, Teaching Hospital, Anuradapuraya, Sri Lanka As a medico-legal specialist, during last fourteen years, I have found following groups of false statements of victims or patients during history taking. A-Related to injuriesA-1. Injuries due to falls, Skin rash, Self inflicted injuries, WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 and physical findings are not compatible, legal actions will not be initiated or prosecution becomes weak due to unreliable witness. Without proper history it is difficult to express an opinion. Medical witnesses should respect the defense counsels for establishing the reliability of the victim in a trial. False statement is an accepted, common defense in court trials. KEYWORDS FALSE; HISTORY; VICTIMS ORAL PRESENTATION 24 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): NEW DNA KIT / MRNA O 24-1 NOVEL FORENSIC DETECTION KITS FOR INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION Weiguo Zheng1, Huaigu Zhou2 1 R&D, AGCU ScienTech Inc., Wuxi, China; 2Forensic DNA Analysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, China AGCU ScienTech Inc., in collaboration with The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, has developed three novel forensic detection kits for human identification. The first one is a rapid detection kit called EX16, which can amplify 16 loci in as short as 35 minutes with a fast cycler or in less than 60 minutes with a regular cycler. The second kit is called EX mtSNP 60, which can analyze 60 mitochondrial SNP markers at the same time, with 7 SNPs in the high variation region while the other 53 in the coding region. The third kit is called Ex16+10Y, which consists of 16 autosomal and 10 Y-chromosome loci. These three kits can all be used in existing forensic laboratory settings and will provide the forensic community with faster, more sensitive and much more information. KEYWORDS HUMAN IDENTIFICATION; FORENSIC ANALYSIS; STR LOCI; MITOCHONDRIAL SNP O 24-2 A NEW MULTIPLEX MTSNPS SET FOR TURKISH POPULATION Arzu Duvenci, Havva Altuncul, Ozlem Bulbul, Ilksen Tavaci, 341 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Injuries inflicted by friendly hands were shown as assaults. A-2. Old injuries were shown as new injuries. B-Related to the incidentB-1. Victims had not disclosed their part of contribution (provocation) for the fight. B-2. Large number of patients claimed that they lost consciousness after the incident. Second history taking about what happened step by step shows victims could remember everything. B-3. Denied of significant diagnosed illness like diabetes, epilepsy, alcohol dependence and mental illnesses contributed for the incident. B-4. Accused claimed to have impotence when charged with rape and mental illnesses when charged with murder. B-5. Denied assault by police due to fear of further torture. B-6. Majority of assailants denied the charge. B-7. To obtain compensations victims complained bodily pains and vertigo. B-8. Psychiatric patients mentioned delusions, hallucinations and illusions. B-9. Denied consumption of alcohol commonly but Bed Head Tickets of hospitals showed entries about alcohol. C-Related to rape casesC-1. Victims of statutory rape often denied sexual intercourse to protect the boyfriend but genital examination showed hymeneal tears. C-2. Secret consenting sex incidents were told as rape incidents after the discovery. C-3. Injuries inflicted by father or husband after discovery of consenting sex, were shown asinjuries cause by rapist. C-5. Several Alleged rape victims stated that they lost the consciousness before the incident to protect the rapist or make a case against him. D-Related to child abuse D-1. Victims denied physical and sexual assaults to protect their known adults but those incidents were witnessed by others or victims had already told the truth to friends. D-2. False child abuse complaints made by mothers to send the children to orphanages. E-Related to domestic violence E-1. Victims mentioned fewer incidents to protect the partner or more incidents to obtain the divorce. E-2. Anal abuse was complained to obtain divorce by wives. Conclusion : False statements of victims have Medicolegal significance. Statements of the victims are not always true. They lie if there are strong reasons. Verifications of the history with physical findings, second time history taking after the examination, compare with bed Head ticket and evidence of family members, guardians or police are important to establish the truth. When the victim’s statement WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Yasemin Demirbas, Gonul Filoglu Forensic Genetic, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Forensic scientists often use nuclear STR loci for identification but it’s not always possible to obtain clear results from nuclear DNA, especially when nuclear DNA is degraded or insufficent. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has found a useful tool in forensic DNA typing. Mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) have a number of characteristics that make them unique for forensic analysis, allowing the successful analysis of degraded samples via minisequencing technique. The aim of this work is to develop of a forensic mtSNP multiplex and to identify polymorphic sites within Turkish population. 53 mtSNPs on coding region were selected from previous published studies according to their variation in the Caucasians. mtSNPs were tested in 8 different multiplex with minisequencing technique using the SNaPshot Multiplex kit (Applied Biosystems) with 100 volunteers from Turkey. DNA was extracted using QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. Each multiplexes mtSNPs were amplified by PCR 9700. Electrophoretic separation performed on an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Results were analysed by GeneMapper IDX software (Applied Biosystems). We have determined polymorphism on 9 out of 53 mtSNPs (3010, 7028, 15340, 16519, 72, 12438, 11719, 15884, 12007) in 100 Turkish samples. In order to increase resolution on highly degrade and small amount of DNA samples, we developed of a forensic mtSNP multiplex and optimized of these 9 mtSNPs. The optimization of 9 mtSNP loci was successfully applied by changing some assay parameters. We tested this new multiplex with 150 donors samples from Turkey. The tested SNPs appear to be applicable for haplogroup and bio-geographic ancestry designation within the Turkish population. Multiplexed mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays to infer maternal inheritence are already available, such tools are lacking for the Turkish population. KEYWORDS MTSNP; TURKEY; MINISEQUENCING Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China Short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping methods are widely used for human identity testing applications, including forensic DNA analysis. Samples of DNA containing the length-variant STR alleles are typically separated and genotyped by comparison to an allelic ladder. Here, we describe a newly devised library of cloned STR alleles. The library covers alleles X and Y for the sex-determining locus Amelogenin and 259 other alleles for 22 autosomal STR loci (TPOX, D3S1358, FGA, D5S818, CSF1PO, D7S820, D8S1179, TH01, vWA, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D21S11, D2S1338, D6S1043, D12S391, Penta E, D19S433, D11S4463, D17S974, D3S4529 and D12ATA63). New primers were designed for all these loci to construct recombinant plasmids so that the library retains core repeat elements of STR as well as 5′- and 3′-flanking sequences of ~500 base pairs. Since amplicons of commercial STR genotyping kits and systems developed in laboratories are usually distributed from 50 to <500 base pairs, this library could provide universal templates for allelic ladder preparation. We prepared three different sets of allelic ladders for this locus TH01 and an updated version of an allelic ladder for the DNATyper®19 multiplex system using these plasmids to confirm the suitability of the library as a good source for allelic ladder preparation. Importantly, the authenticity of each construct was confirmed by bidirectional nucleotide sequencing and we report the repeat structures of the 259 STR alleles. The sequencing results showed all repeat structures we obtained for TPOX, CSF1PO, D7S820, TH01, D16S539, D18S51 and Penta E were the same as reported. However, we identified 102 unreported repeat structures from the other 15 STR loci, supplementing our current knowledge of repeat structures and leading to further understanding of these widely used loci. KEYWORDS SHORT TANDEM REPEAT (STR); ALLELIC LADDER; RECOMBINANT PLASMID O 24-4 FORENSIC VALIDATION OF A NEWLY DEVELOPED 26PLEX Y-STRS TYPING SYSTEM O 24-3 CONSTRUCTION OF A LIBRARY OF CLONED SHORT TANDEM REPEAT (STR) ALLELES AS UNIVERSAL TEMPLATES FOR ALLELIC LADDER PREPARATION Le Wang, Xing-Chun Zhao, Jian Ye, Jin-Jie Liu, Xue Bai Center for Applied Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of 342 Suhua Zhang, Shumin Zhao, Zheng Wang, Chengtao Li Department of Forensic Genetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, China, Shanghai, China In recent years, an explosion in Y-STRs in human populations WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE; Y-STR; DNA TYPING O 24-5 IMPROVING SAMPLE ANALYSIS OF THE EXPANDED CODIS LOCI SET USING QIAGENS MULTIPLEX PCR WITH A NOVEL QUALITY SENSOR Daniel Mueller, Melanie Breitbach, Stefan Cornelius, Sarah Pakulla-Dickel, Margaretha Koenig, Mario Scherer, Ralf Peist R&D, Qiagen Gmbh, Hilden, Germany The CODIS Core Loci Working Group has published recommendations to expand the CODIS core loci set. This combination of polymorphic STR markers of the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI), and the European DNA Profiling Group (EDNAP) has the potential to become a new global STR standard set (GSS). We developed an assay coamplifying 23 markers according to the recommendations of the CODIS Core Loci Working Group. The assay uses a 6-dye technology in order to keep the amplicon length of markers short while at the same time avoid overlapping of markers. There will be two kit formats : One kit is designed for purified DNA from casework and reference samples, the other one is optimized for direct amplification of reference samples, like blood or buccal cells on FTA or swabs. Both contain a novel Quality Sensor System that is useful for evaluating the amplification efficiency. It indicates if the reaction has worked in general and furthermore allows discriminating between the presence of inhibitors or DNA degradation as a cause for the typical ski slope effect observed in STR profiles of such challenging samples. This information can be used to choose the most appropriate rework strategy. The assay is based on a new PCR chemistry that ensures robust and fast PCR amplification with improved inhibitor resistance and easy handling. KEYWORDS STR; CODIS; PCR IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) has been witnessed. This explosion has been driven, in part, by the many discovered polymorphisms of Y-STRs. By virtue of its many polymorphisms, it is now the most informative haplotyping system. Y-STRs are widely used in forensic genetics, such as mixture identification in sexual assault cases and patrilineal relationship evaluation in kinship testing. In this study, 26plex Y-STRs typing system, including 17 Y-STRs (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 and GATA H4) recommended as YHRD standard loci and 9 new highly discriminating Y-STRs (DYS549, DYS643, DYS388, DYS570, DYS533, DYS576, DYS460, DYS481 and DYS449), was established with 5-dye fluorescence labeling. The inclusion of DYS570 and DYS576 which were considered as hypermutable system making the multiplex is highly discriminative for unrelated male individuals. Validation checks subsequent to PCR parameter optimization indicated that 26plex Y-STRs typing system was reproducible, accurate and robust. Sizing precision test revealed that the highest standard deviation (0.0561) observed for any allele was below 0.06. The sensitivity of the system was such that a full profile was obtainable even with 125 pg of male DNA. Specificity testing was demonstrated by the lack of cross-reactivity with a variety of commonly encountered animal species and bacterial. Also, the multiplex is suitable for mixture study. In addition, the whole PCR amplification of the 26 Y-STRs can finish in 33 minutes, making the multiplex system able for fast-detection. 516 haplotypes were found in the forensic investigation of 517 unrelated males. Haplotype diversity (HD) of the multiplex system was 0.9999925 while Haplotype discrimination capacity (DC) was 0.9980658, which is suitable for forensic application. The work presented here is in compliance with the update of the guidelines and recommendations on forensic analysis using Y-STR. New data obtained in this study would be also useful for growing up Y-chromosome databases. O 24-6 FACILE SEMI-AUTOMATED BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION BY MULTIPLEX SOLUTION HYBRIDIZATION OF NANOSTRING® BARCODE PROBES TO SPECIFIC MRNA TARGETS Patrick Danaher1, Robin White1, Erin Hanson2 , Jack Ballantyne3 1 Department of POPS, Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States A DNA profile from the perpetrator does not reveal, per se, the circumstances by which it got transferred. Body fluid identification by mRNA profiling may provide contextual’activity level’ information regarding some behavioral activity on behalf of the individual that results in 343 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 its transfer from the body. Here we describe the development of a prototype multiplex digital gene expression (DGE) method for forensic body fluid/tissue identification based upon solution hybridization of color coded Nanostring® probes to 23 tissue/body fluid specific mRNA targets present in forensic type samples. The body fluids/tissues targeted include peripheral blood, semen, saliva, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood and skin. To facilitate routine use, we also devised a simple 5 minute room temperature cellular lysis protocol as an alternative to standard RNA isolation for forensic sample processing using the Nanostring® procedure. We first describe a model for gene expression in a sample from a single body fluid and then extend that model to mixtures of body fluids. From there we describe calculation of maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of body fluid quantities in a sample, and we describe the use of likelihood ratios to test for the presence of each body fluid in a sample. Known single source blood, semen, vaginal secretions, menstrual blood and skin samples all demonstrated the expected tissue specific gene expression for at least two of the chosen biomarkers. Saliva samples were more problematic in that their differential expression was less pronounced than with the other tissue types. Nonetheless the most specific saliva biomarker, HTN3, was expressed at a higher level in saliva than with any of the other tissues. As a preliminary indication of the ability of the method to discern admixtures of body fluids, four binary mixtures were prepared. Two of the 4 mixtures were called perfectly using the assay algorithm with no false positive results, and one of the component fluids was identified in both’false negative’ mixtures. Further optimization of the biomarker’Codeset’ will be required before it can be used in casework particularly with respect to increasing the signal to noise ratio of the saliva biomarkers. With suitable modifications, this simplified protocol with minimal hands on requirement should facilitate routine use of mRNA profiling in casework laboratories. KEYWORDS mRNA PROFILING; NANOSTRING; BODY FLUID MIXTURES ORAL PRESENTATION 25 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): LABORATORY II O 25-1 DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF URINARY METANEPHRINES FOR THE POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOTHERMIA 344 Cristian Palmiere, Luca Reggiani Bonetti Lausanne University Hospital, Medico-Legal Center, Lausanne, Switzerland The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of urinary metanephrines and 3-methoxythyramine compared to urinary catecholamine determination in diagnosing antemortem cold exposure and fatal hypothermia. 83 cases of fatal hypothermia and 144 control cases were included in this study. Catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine), metanephrines (metanephrine, normetanephrine) and 3-methoxytyramine were measured in urine collected during autopsy. All tested analytes were significantly higher in hypothermia cases compared to control subjects and displayed a generally satisfying discriminative value, thus indicating urinary catecholamines and their metabolites as reliable markers of cold-related stress and hypothermia related-deaths. Metanephrine and adrenaline had the best discriminative value between hypothermia and control cases compared to other tested analytes, though with different sensitivity and specificity. These can therefore be considered the most suitable markers of cold-related stress. HYPOTHERMIA; CATECHOLAMINES; METANEPHRINES KEYWORDS O 25-2 DETECTION OF DIATOMS BY A COMBINATION OF MEMBRANE FILTERING AND HYALINIZING Jian Zhao1, Yuzhong Wang2 , Chao Liu1, Sunlin Hu1, He Shi1 1 Department of Forensic Pathology, Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China; 2Faculty of Forensic Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China Diagnosis of drowning remains a difficult issue in current forensic practice. The classical diagnostic autopsy findings (such as Paltauf sign, aqueous emphysema, pleural effusion) can be considered as a valuable indication for demonstrating drowning as the cause of death. But those findings are nonspecific, transient and can only be found in fresh drowned bodies. Diatoms present in the drowning medium penetrated the alveolar system and blood circulation, distributed in the peripheral organs. Diatom test is considered as “golden standard” for diagnosis of drowning. During drowning, only small diatom species can reach the blood, liver, kidney, and WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 bone marrow. But a large number of diatoms were lost by removing the supernatant after centrifugation. According to our previous study, almost 50% of diatom valves have a maximum length of less than 15 μm, and over 90% have a maximum length of under 40 μm were discarded with the supernatant. False negative results of diatom test are likely got in drowning because of lack of sensitivity in the conventional method. Therefore, in order to achieve a maximal recovery of diatoms, the microfiltration membranes (the pore diameter size is 0.45 μm and the minimum of length of diatom is more than 1 μm) were applied in the diatom test instead of centrifugation. The membrane was hyalinized by a mixed solution of the eugenol and acetic acid. This study was designed to evaluate the recovery of diatom which was compared using the new method and the conventional acid digestion method. Two groups of samples were designed in the study. Groups A (n=20) and B (n=20) were performed by the new method and the conventional acid digestion method, respectively. In addition, another four water samples (each 2 ml of water) were vacuum filtered directly and examined by SEM. The average value of densities of diatoms for the four samples was considered as the standard density for diatom in the water sample. The difference between the two groups was statistically highly. The results indicate that the new method is more advantageous than conventional acid digestion method in the diagnosis of drowning. This novel method can be useful in assessing the cause of death of a body found in water. O 25-3 A STUDY ON USEFULNESS OF SERUM MAST CELL TRYPTASE ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DIAGNOSTIC METHOD IN POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK Jong-Pil Park , Bon Young Koo , Nak-Won Lee , Harin Cheong3 , Yu Jin Won4 , Kyung Ryoul Kim3 , Joo Young Na5 , Minsung Choi6 , Hongil Ha7, Seong Ho Kim6 1 Medical Examiner’s Office, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Medical Examiner’s Office, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 4Division of Forensic Medicine, Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); 5Division of Forensic Medicine, Gwangju Institute, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South); 6Division of Forensic 1 2 1 Anaphylactic deaths are not rarely encountered at an autopsy. Especially, ever since the death associated with medical practice, like medication, contrast medium and vaccination has become social concern, the distinct discrimination of anaphylactic shock has become an important part of forensic medicine. However, main clinical findings of anaphylactic shock, including laryngeal edema, usually disappear at the time of the autopsy. Therefore, anaphylactic shock practically must be inferred from piecing past history of the deceased, circumstance of the death and negative autopsy findings together. The analysis of serum mast cell tryptase has been well-known as a useful ancillary test for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock, but it is not widely used in daily practice in Korea, due to its inaccessibility and high cost. We carried out serum mast tryptase analysis in 296 autopsy cases that were performed at National Forensic Service from March, 2013 to February, 2014, and reviewed the usefulness of serum mast cell tryptase analysis. And we also performed the immunohistochemical staining of mast cell tryptase and chymase for tongue base, aryepiglottic fold, lung and heart and compared with control group, and discriminable staining pattern of immunohistochemical staining on mast cell was identified. Conclusively, we confirmed that serum mast cell tryptase is a useful test for diagnosis of anaphylactic shock, and peripheral blood is the most useful sample for analysis, and postmortem change influences the result of serum mast cell tryptase, and immunostaining of mast cell is worth of further study for practical application. KEYWORDS ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK; MAST CELL TRYPTASE; POSTMORTEM O 25-4 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN THE CORPUS CALLOSUM FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC AXONAL INJURY USING FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY Ji Zhang, Hongmei Dong, Liang Liu, Jiao Mu Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), also known as diffuse axonal injury (DAI), contributes greatly to morbidity and mortality following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The diagnosis of such 345 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; DROWNING; DIATOM TEST KEYWORDS Medicine, Daejeon Institute, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, Korea (South); 7Division of Forensic Medicine, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Busan, Korea (South) WFF2014 pathology is vitally important for assessing TBI severity. However, evaluating TAI remains challenging in clinical and forensic sciences since its identification is difficult using routine diagnostic methods. The present study used Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIRM) to detect TAI within the corpus callosum in an animal model. Protein conformational analysis revealed significantly increased β -sheet and β-turn contents paralleled by a decrease in α-helix content at 24 h post-injury, while the antiparallel β-sheet content was decreased at 12 h post-injury. Compared with the control group, the lipid/protein ratio was significantly reduced in all of the injured groups. At 24 h post-injury, there were increases in the olefinic=CH and CH3 group of lipids accompanied by the decreased CH2 group, but the results at 12 h and 72 h were contrary to that at 24 h. Our study showed that FTIRM could differentiate injured from normal white matter at different time points following TBI via examination of these infrared spectral parameters, suggesting that it has the potential to become an additional and complementary tool that can assist with the diagnosis of TAI. The aim of our further work is to apply this detection method toward human tissue samples in forensic practice and confirm the neuropathological substrates for spectral changes observed using FTIRM. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS TRAUMATIC AXONAL INJURY; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY; FORENSIC PATHOLOGY suspected current mark was found in her right upper thigh during the postmortem inspection. A mild elongation of the cell nuclei in the epidermis of the injured skin was discovered through histological examination. In order to further identify the diagnosis of electrocution, we tested metal components on the current injured skin surface using micro beam X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (m-XRF). The results showed a high concentration of iron was found in the current injured skin, which was in line with the metal component of wire discovered at the scene. We also found that the deceased who suffered from severe coronary heart disease had higher sensitivity to the current damage compared to the normal person. Our results indicated m-XRF could be a useful tool in the forensic diagnosis of electrocution, and had the potential application in forensic practice. KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C PAT H O L O G Y; E L E C T R O C U T I O N ; M I C R O B E A M X - R AY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER (M-XRF) O 25-6 POST-MORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION USING SINGLE CELL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OR COMET ASSAY-REVISITED Panjai Woharndee1, Ian Mudway1, Barbara Daniel1 1 Forensic Pathology, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, King; 3Department of Forensic Science, King O 25-5 A CASE REPORT: APPLICATION OF MICRO BEAMX-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRYIN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ELECTROCUTION Jianhua Zhang, Tao Wang Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensi Science Ministry of Justice P. R. China, Shanghai, China Current can result in human body injury and even death. Accidental electrocution is often caused by inappropriate use of electricity during daily life and industrial production. The severities of the current-induced damage are associated with current intensity, voltage, size of skin resistance, and the status of the body, et al. Electrocution cases reported in the literatures were mainly due to the low voltage alternating current (AC), and few were caused by high voltage direct current (DC). In this study, we reported a 48-year-old female who was unexpectedly and suddenly dead in the wild due to electric shock by the high voltage direct current hunting (input voltage : DC 12V, output voltage : DC 10, 000V). A 346 Background : Establishing the time since death or postmortem interval (PMI) is crucial in criminal cases. The current techniques for estimating PMI are reasonably accurate, but are limited over extended periods, with their predictability detrimentally affected a range of exogenous and endogenous factors : temperature, humidity, the age and disease state of the body before death. I have therefore investigated the use of Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) or Comet Assay as a mean of obtaining measures of the PMI. For an assay of the PMI to be fit for purpose in a clinical pathology setting it needs to satisfy the following criteria : (a) it must be quantitative and repeatable; (b) it must be sensitive to the rapid changes occurring early postmortem; (c) the influence of particular environmental conditions on the marker must be predictable; and (d) it must be simple and cost effective. These aspects of method development are described below focusing on the relationship between DNA fragmentation, time interval and temperature. Methods : Experiments were performed investigating the WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS POST-MORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION; SINGLE CELL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; COMET ASSAY ORAL PRESENTATION 26 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP): AP 3 O 26-1 CONSTRUCTION OF 3 DIMENSIONAL HEAD MODELS FOR FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY Eun Chung4 , Seung-Ho Han5 1 Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy / Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Division of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 5 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chungang University, Seoul, Korea (South) Three dimensional model has several advantages for morphological study in preservation of samples, transfer of data and continuous usage of landmarks and metric data, although it is reasonable that real object is best sample. Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy had collected the computer tomographic (CT) images of 732 Koreans stored in Seoul St. Mary Hospital from 2008 to 2011 and then reconstructed 681 3D models of cranium, mandible and face from acquired CT images using Mimics program (version 14.0, Materialise, Belgium) excluding 51 samples due to transformation of skull and face. Number of samples is 337 in male and 344 in female. Each age group has at least 30 samples. To investigate anthropological measurements and facial thickness in 3D space, 90 landmarks on cranium, 62 landmarks on mandible and 134 landmarks on face were used according to the definition of each landmark. The accuracy of location data of landmark is important because the measurements are calculated automatically from the location data of each landmark. To minimize the error by observers’ experience and knowledge on the definition of each landmark, the process of landmarks on 3D model was marking a point using standard or guide planes. To verify the modified process of landmarks, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between 4 observers was investigated and about 99% of total measurements showed high ICC. Currently, the database of 3D head model include 681 models, the location data of landmarks and the measurements on skull and face as the basic reference materials of Korean for forensic anthropological researches. The further investigation would be planned to study the most characteristic features of head, the correlation between the morphology of skull and face and the aging change of head in Korean KEYWORDS 3D MODEL; DATABASE; MEASUREMENT U-Young Lee1, Dae-Kyoon Park2 , Yi-Suk Kim3 , Sang-Seob Lee4 , Dai-Soon Kwak1, Dong-Ho Kim1, In-Beom Kim1, Nak- 347 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) indirect measurement of DNA oxidation in human blood leukocytes by single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) or the comet assay. Freshly collected blood from 11 subjects was aliquoted, and stored at three temperatures : 4, 15 and 30oC to investigate the time-dependent pattern of DNA degradation. At prescribed times 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96h blood leukocytes were subjected to lysis, alkaline unwinding of DNA and alkaline electrophoresis. The resultant comet images were visualised by confocal and standard fluorescent microscopy, with the comet parameters (Olive tail moment -OTM) analysed using Comet Assay Software Project Lab (CASP) software. Results : Initial validation experiments indicated that similar results were obtained from a standard fluorescent and confocal microscope and that counting 50 comets provided a robust estimate of the extent of DNA fragmentation in the whole sample. Considering the samples stored at 15oC, the OTM in the baseline samples (median with inter-quartile range) was 2.6 (2.0-5.8), with a clear time-dependent increase (p<0.001 - ANOVA) over the 96 h incubation. Whilst there was an overall increase in OTM over the incubation period, this was not apparent until the 24h time point (8.0 (5.2-11.5), p<0.05) with little difference in OTM between the 24 and 48 and 72 and 96h time points. The impact of temperature was also significant (p<0.001) from the 24h time point at 30oC and from 48h at 4oC. Conclusions : These data indicate that a marker of DNA oxidation/fragmentation increases in blood cells in a temperature and time-dependent manner as one would desire for a possible PMI marker. However the lack of discrimination over the first critical 24h and the degree of variation between individuals clearly precludes its use in a clinical setting. WFF2014 O 26-2 EMERGENCE OF FORENSIC PODIATRY- A NOVEL SUB-DISCIPLINE OF FORENSIC SCIENCES IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Kewal Krishan Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Forensic podiatry is relatively a new sub-discipline of Forensic Sciences concerned with the collection and examination of pedal evidence generally encountered at crime scenes. It is defined as the application of sound and researched podiatric knowledge and experience in forensic investigations, to show the association of an individual with a scene of crime, or to answer any other legal question concerned with the foot or footwear that requires knowledge of the functioning foot. This sub-discipline has emerged from the experience and practice of podiatry or podiatric medicine which is a branch of medicine devoted to the study of diagnosis, medical and surgical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, and lower extremity. Whenever foot related evidence is recovered from a crime scene, the forensic podiatrists are called upon to give the opinion. They contribute to the personal identification by associating the pedal evidence with the criminal or crime scene. The evidence may be recovered in the form of partial or complete footprints and mutilated remains of the feet in case of mass fatality incidents. Forensic podiatrists can collect the evidence related to the foot and help in the identification of the individuals from the foot and its parts. The most common pedal evidence collected from the crime scene is in the form of footprints and shoeprints. Forensic podiatrists can establish identity of the individuals from the footprints in many ways. The analysis of bare footprints involves the identification based on the individualistic features like flat footedness, ridges, humps, creases, an extra toe, missing toe, corns, cuts, cracks, pits, deformities, and various features of the toe and heel region. All these individualistic features can link the criminal with the crime. In addition to these, parameters of body size like stature and body weight as well as sex can also be estimated by using anthropometric methods. If a series of footprints are recovered from the crime scene, then parameters of the gait analysis such as stride/step length and the general movement of the criminal can be traced. Apart from these, a newly established biometric parameter of the footprints i.e. footprint ridge density can also be evaluated for personal identification. Careful analysis of the footprint ridge density can give an idea about the sex of the criminal whose footprints are recovered which will further help to reduce the burden of the 348 investigating officer to half and the investigations may be directed towards either a male suspect or a female suspect accordingly. The lecture will discuss various methods of personal identification related to pedal evidence. KEYWORDS FORENSIC PODIATRY; PEDAL EVIDENCE; PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION O 26-3 ANTHROPOLOGICAL BODY MASS ESTIMATION USING 3D IMAGES OF HUMAN CALCANEUS Go-Un Jung1, U-Young Lee2 , Dong-Ho Kim2 , Dai-Soon Kwak2 , Dae-Kyoon Park3 , Seung-Ho Han4 , Yi-Suk Kim1 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) The ability to estimate body mass (BM) from the human skeleton is crucial in the field of forensic context when identifying unknown skeletal remains. The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone, so preserve relatively well in a range of forensic contexts with given its relations to the muscle mechanical advantage at ankle, which counteracts the moment exerted on the joint by the ground reaction force. This research investigates the utility of human calcaneus to estimate BM using three-dimensional (3D) images while applying a biomechanical approach to regression analysis. After the reference BM were prepared by femoral head diameter, eleven mechanically significant skeletal variables were measured on the 3D human calcaneus from 47 samples (24 males and 23 females). All calcaneus were taken from the Digital Korean database (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Dejon, Korea) with known anthropometric data of stature and age. The least square method were used to analyze the skeletal variables of the eleven metric features by fitting to reference BM. Results showed that BM estimation equations using four calcaneal measurements of load arm length and breadth, middle height, and minimum breadth have the lowest% standard error of the estimates and the highest R2 (%SEE = 4.28%, and R2= 0.850). This indicated that the articular facets for talus and middle calcaneal height are effective anatomical features being scaled according to the BM in agreement with the fact WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 that the ankle joint has the mechanical advantages for weight bearing transmission. The future prediction performance of these regression correlations were validated internally by leave-one-out cross validation. In conclusion, the provided equation will impact and be applicable to the forensic community for BM estimation using human calcaneus in particular at the place where the long bones are either missing or fragmented for acquiring biological profiles. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2013R1A1A2009306) and also supported by Global Ph.D. Fellowship program through the NRF (NRF2013H1A2A1033069) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. process, its decalcification effect had made the bone become brittle and misleading weight reduction. Hence, number of maggots used could be increased to achieve the faster cleaning process without costing any further if compared to detergent and chemicals. This was also supported and validated by the Forensic Specialists using blind validation with the achievement of 77.8% chosen maggots to become the bone cleaning and preservation method. Furthermore, Emission Scanning Electron Microscope evaluation profile also revealed that bone cleaning using maggots especially Chrysomyia rufifacies preserved the original condition of the bones especially the clarity of the injuries (if any) or features on the bones in which consistent with the results of this research. KEYWORDS BODY MASS ESTIMATION; CALCANEUS; 3D IMAGES KEYWORDS B O N E C L E A N I N G ; C H E M I C A L A N D MAGGOTS; EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE O 26-4 EEFFECTIVENESS OF BONE CLEANING PROCESS USING CHEMICAL AND ENTOMOLOGY APPROACHES: TIME AND COST Khoo Lay See, Lai Poh Soon, Mohd Hilmi Saidin, Dr Ahmad Hafizam Hasmi, Dr Nurliza Abdullah Forensic Medicine Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia PRELIMINARY STUDY OF SKELETONS EXHUMED IN RIBEIRAO PRETO; SAO PAULO/BRASIL: PARAMETERS FOR THE MULTIRACIAL BRAZILIAN POPULATION Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Moacyr Lobo Costa Jr., Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil INTRODUCTION : In 2005, a Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology (LAF) was created at Medico Legal Centre, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (CEMEL/FMRP-USP) as a result of cooperation with the United Kingdom (UK-Brazil Scientific Cooperation in Forensic Identification and Anthropology of Human Remains). It was created a practical and reliable Forensic Anthropology Protocol (LAF/CEMEL) to obtain bioanthropolgical information from bones : sex, ancestry, age, stature, handedness, dental characteristics, abnormalities and trauma. This protocol has been efficient, although it has been created based on well-defined published parameters for non-Brazilian populations, whilst it is known that most of the Brazilian population is multiracial. OBJECTIVE : Verify which are the best techniques in the LAF protocol to be used for the local mixed Brazilian population and select and/or improve new parameters for its analyses, if necessary. 349 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The objective of this study was to determine the most cost effective and time effective method for bone cleaning process and to compare between the chemical and the entomology approach in which can be used dynamically in the setting of Institute of Forensic Medicine Malaysia HKL. A total of 10 subjects ranging in age from 20 to 40 years old were chosen in this cross sectional and descriptive research. Normal intact sternum bones were taken from these subjects of uncomplicated postmortem cases and undergo the bone cleaning procedures. A total of four methods were used including the two chemical approaches i.e. laundry detergent or the combination of 6% hydrogen peroxide and powder sodium bicarbonate; whilst another two entomology approaches i.e. 2nd instar maggots of Chrysomyia rufifacies or Ophyra spinigera. Based on the average weight reduction 1.4 gm per day, median number of 11.3 days to achieve desired score and average cost MYR 4.10 per case used in each method to reach the desired score within 12 days, bone cleaning using maggots was the most time effective and cost effective method. Even though laundry detergent would be slightly faster with median number 7.5 days in the cleaning O 26-5 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 METHODS : For the preliminary study 25 skeletons buried directly into the ground for an average of 10 years were exhumed from Bom Pastor cemitery in Ribeirão Preto city. All of them were submitted to anthropological examination following the LAF/CEMEL protocol. Bone samples for DNA analysis were collected previously to the cleaning procedures necessary for the skeletons examination is performed. The skeletons were organized in anatomical position, pictures of the bones and teeth and its peculiarities were taken. Then they were inventoried. Pathological anatomy was recorded. The evaluated parameters were sex, ancestry, age, stature and handedness. Finally, a summary of the entire survey is presented in a Forensic Anthropology Report (REAF). RESULTS : Although the state of preservation of the bones were precarious, it was possible to verify that the results of REAFs were compatible with ante-mortem data of individuals. For analysis of sex, in most of the cases the bone element which had a better state of preservation was the skull (92%) when compared to the pelvis (48%). The same happened for estimating ancestry. The age range was often not possible to be estimated due to the lack of elements for analysis (40%). The estimated height was possible in all cases, because femur was the best preserved bone recovered, although ante-mortem comparison is hampered because this information is not recorded in any official document, except for men who served the national armed forces. Finally, handedness evaluation was the mostly impaired parameter to be analyzed because it depends on the comparison of bilateral bones from the upper extremities, and in several cases the pairs were absent (44%). CONCLUSION : LAF/CEMEL protocol was a major breakthrough because it helped in the establishment of a routine anthropological examination in a geographical area where previously to 2005, unidentified bodies in putrefaction and skeletons were not examined. This protocol brought not only social benefits, but also positive scientific and educational consequences. This preliminary study shows that it works well for an admixed population, although it can be improved with better specific parameters. F O R E N S I C A N T H R O P O L O G Y; EXHUMATION; SKELETON KEYWORDS School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 2 Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada 1 Stature estimation plays a pivotal role in the positive identification of unknown individuals and as such it is routinely assessed during the examination of adult skeletal remains. Unfortunately, this is not a standard procedure when dealing with sub-adult remains due to the general lack of literature regarding standards for the estimation of stature in sub-adults. The aim of this study was therefore to derive regression equations for the estimation of stature in black South African sub-adult females. To date, twenty six black South African sub-adult females, aged 10-17 years (13.3±2.2 years) have voluntarily participated in this study by undergoing a full body Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan. Living stature of all participants was measured with a stadiometer and the diaphyseal lengths of the left femur and tibia were measured from the scans, using the freely available imaging processing software OsiriX. The correlation between the diaphyseal lengths of the femur and tibia and the combined diaphyseal measures of the femur and tibia, and living stature was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and subsequent ordinary least square linear regression equations were calculated for the estimation of sub-adult stature. Preliminary results indicated strong statistically significant positive correlations between living stature and the diaphyseal lengths of the femur (r=0.872; p<0.0001) and tibia (r= 0.910; p<0.0001) as well as the combined measures of the femur and tibia (r=0.902; p<0.0001) and the calculated regression equations produced low standard error of estimates (SEE): 3.35cm for the tibia; 3.51cm for the combined femur and tibia measures and 3.97cm for the femur. The strong correlations and low SEE for the calculated regression equations in this study are similar to that reported for adults and can thus be considered good estimators of stature which will contribute valuable information to the biological profiles of unknown sub-adult skeletal remains and may consequently contribute to the positive identification of these individuals. KEYWORDS STATURE ESTIMATION; SUB-ADULTS; SOUTH AFRICA O26-6 STATURE ESTIMATION FROM THE FEMUR AND TIBIA IN BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN SUB-ADULT FEMALES Desire Brits1, Mubarak Bidmos2 , Paul Manger1 350 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 27 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC): FORENSIC CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan-si, Korea (South); 2Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (South) 1 O 27-1 PROPOSAL OF NEW IDENTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR IGNITABLE LIQUIDS MODIFIED BY SULFURIC ACID IN NON-BURNED SAMPLES AND FIRE DEBRIS Carlos Martin-Alberca1, Olivier Delemont2 , Carmen GarciaRuiz1 1 University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (iuicp), University of Alcala, Alcala De Henares, Spain; 2Institut De Police Scientifique, Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, Universite De Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland KEYWORDS IGNITABLE LIQUIDS; FIRE DEBRIS; CHEMICAL IGNITION MOLOTOV COCKTAIL O 27-2 CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OILS BY 1H NMR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS Siwon Kim3 , Dahye Yoon3 , Heonho Lee3 , Dong-Kye Lee1, Yuna Kim2 , Nam Yee Kim2 , Suhkmann Kim3 KEYWORDS NMR; CLASSIFICATION; LUBRICANTS O 27-3 IDENTIFICATION FOR SEAL INKS BY INVIA RAMAN MICROSCOPE Yachen Wang, Xu Yang, Yiwen Luo, Qiran Sun, Qinghua Zhang, Che Xu Department of Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China Seal inks appeared in documents in China since ancient time. The rapid use of documents has itself led to expansion in seal ink variety over time. Identification of seal inks is a crucial problem in questioned document examination nowadays. To solve this problem, 60 pure seal inks and those sealed on papers are characterized and analyzed by inVia Raman microscope, which can basically tell kinds of dyes contained in those inks. In the present paper, 6 different kinds of seal inks were identified and analyzed according to their Raman spectrum, and dyes contained in the two main classes can be tell as scarlet powder and Bronze Red C, respectively. Papers under seals could not influence the efficiency of classification, despite the observation of characteristic peaks 351 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Ignitable liquids can be used to start arsons or making improvised incendiary devices. In some improvised incendiary devices of forensic interest -e.g. chemical ignition Molotov cocktails-ignitable liquids are mixed with sulfuric acid, which form part of its chemical self-ignition system. In this work, the chemical modifications of neat gasoline and diesel fuel when they are mixed with sulfuric acid are explained in detail. In the case of mixing gasoline with sulfuric acid, qualitative and quantitative modifications are produced in its original composition by sulfuric acid action, affecting to relative abundances or even disappearing some compounds. Moreover, new compounds derived from these reactions were detected and described, All these modification change completely the chemical fingerprint obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). In the case of mixing diesel fuel with sulfuric acid, quantitative and qualitative modification also occurs over important compounds. As consequence of these results, new identification schemes and a new diagnostic group for acidified ignitable liquids are proposed with the aim to avoid uncompleted identification of these ignitable liquids, in nonburned samples and in fire debris. 1H NMR spectroscopy can be applied to identify and discriminate the compound. In this study, 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariative statistical analysis as a distinguish tool in forensic field. Lubricants are commonly used such as engine oils, mechanical oils and transmission oils etc. Classification of lubricants is an important task for identification of oils. We collected automobile motor oils, motorcycle oils, automobile gear oils, automobile transmission oils and general machine oils that are commercially available in Korea. We applied NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopic techniques and multivariate pattern recognition techniques (OPLS-DA and PLS-DA) to classify lubricants based on their usage. Partial Least Squares Discriminate Analysis gave good classification. Also we can classify the 24 automobile motor oils by brand. NMR spectroscopy and PLS classification technique was found to be quite effective for lubricants classification. WFF2014 of paper. The results of this investigation could not only provide data for distinguish of seal inks, but also would support further study of identification of documents with different seal inks. In addition, inks of 9 color ink-jets have been characterized considering forging seals by printing. With these experiments, seals made by stamping and printing can be distinguished. This work expands methods for identification of seal inks, and provide a good method for verify the authenticity of documents. KEYWORDS mortem change than others and that these metabolites could be beneficial if exploited for use in PMI estimation. While metabolic processes differ amongst species and thus hinder the direct translation of this study into forensic practice, the present stands as a rationale to conduct further investigations on the effectiveness of metabolomic profiling in human PMI estimation. KEYWORDS P O S T M O R T E M I N T E R VA L ; P M I ; METABOLOMICS SEAL INKS; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; DYE O 27-5 O 27-4 ESTIMATION OF POST-MORTEM INTERVAL: A NOVEL APPROACH UTILIZING SERUM & MUSCLE METABOLOMIC PROFILING IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Richard H Kaszynski1,4 , Shin Nishiumi2 , Takeshi Kondo1, Motonori Takahashi1, Azumi Kuse1, Migiwa Asano3 , Masaru Yoshida2 , Takeshi Azuma2 , Yasuhiro Ueno1 1 Department of Legal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 3 Department of Legal Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; 4Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States While the molecular mechanisms underlying postmortem change have been exhaustively investigated, the establishment of an objective and reliable means for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI) remains an elusive feat. In the present study, we exploit low molecular weight water-soluble metabolites to estimate post-mortem interval in mice. After sacrifice, serum and muscle samples were procured from C57/BL/6J mice (n=52) at seven predetermined post-mortem time intervals (0 hrs, 1 hr, 3 hrs, 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs and 48 hrs). Upon extraction and isolation from these samples, low molecular weight water-soluble metabolites were measured via gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Over 300 metabolites were detected in serum and muscle and the levels of 32 and 31 of these metabolites demonstrated discernible incremental change proportional to the amount of time elapsed after death, respectively. In order to confirm the validity of the present method, we carried out a series of single-blinded assessments (n = 5) which consistently demonstrated accurate estimation of the PMI. Our approach effectively revealed that a specific subset of specific metabolites is more reflective of post352 METABOLOMICS APPROACH TO IDENTIFYING CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING DEATH Hyun Kyoung Ju1, Gum Moon Nam1, Kiwook Kim1, SangCheol Heo1, Myung Duck Kim1, O-Seong Kwon2 , Joon-Bae Lee2 , Shung Kun Shon2 , Ji-Sook Min1 1 Department of Chemical Analysis, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (south); 2Department of Chemical Analysis, Nantional Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South) Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, due to a fire or deliberate inhalation in an attempted suicide, can lead to significant toxicity to the central nervous system and, ultimately, death. CO poisoning is currently evaluated with a CO-oximeter, which analyzes hemolyzed blood using spectrophotometric detection. However, there is often a loss of accuracy in putrefied postmortem samples and there are problems in determining the CO level when the total hemoglobin level is low. A metabolite fingerprinting technique may provide crucial information regarding causes of death. Thus, in the present study, metabolite profiling of postmortem blood in CO poisoning forensic cases was performed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, based on metabolomics technology. All data obtained were processed with an automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) and the metabolites were interpreted using the NIST library. A discriminant analysis was performed using the SIMCA-P software and the CO-induced biomarkers were determined successfully with a variable importance parameter in the projection plot obtained from an orthogonal projection to the latent structures discriminant analysis. This metabolomics approach, including global metabolites profiling, is useful in improving the interpretation of metabolism in a CO poisoning death. KEYWORDS GC-MS METABOLOMICS; CARBONMONOXIDE; WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 27-6 POSTMORTEM PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL IN HUMAN SPECIMENS Amin Wurita, Osamu Suzuki, Koutaro Hasegawa, Kunio Gonmori, Kayoko Minakata, Itaru Yamagishi, Hideki Nozawa, Kanako Watanabe Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan KEYWORDS POSTMORTEM PRODUCTION; ETHYLENE GLYCOL; PROPYLENE GLYCOL CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS): DIGITAL FORENSICS AND IMAGE ENGINEERING O 28-1 A STUDY ON DATA FORENSIC FOR NOSQL Wonkyu Lee, Sujin Yoon, Yongtae Shin Study for a Master, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea (South) In the case of general unstructured data, it is bigger than the structured data. On the cloud it also has high probability which can be saved and dispersed in the non-contiguous physical storage. Therefore, it needs a lot of time to obtain dispersed and saved evidence and has some difficulties with securing integrity of evidence. So it needs a specialized investigation technique and suggests Data Forensic. Data Forensic is digital science investigation technique of legal evidences which were found the unstructured data in dispersed storage device. The goal of data forensic is to obtain evidence with legal force through collecting evidence, analyzing, recovering, identifying reporting from the unstructured data of documents, pictures, video, audio. This paper suggests Data Forensic techniques of NoSQL environments that are used widely in Big Data and realtime web applications. It is expected methodical investigation in the NoSQL environment. KEYWORDS UNSTRUCTURED DATA; NOSQL; DATA FORENSICS O 28-2 RECOVERY OF CORRUPTED DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH DATA Kyusun Shim, Junseok Byun, Gihyun Na, Joong Lee Digital Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Won-Ju, Gangwon-Do, Korea (South) In case of recent sudden unintended acceleration crash or car to car crash of a vehicle, analyzing Digital Tachograph for identifying speed and location of vehicle has become significant. Because the main purpose of Digital Tachograph is to record information such as speed, gear ratio or RPM, time, and location (latitude and longitude), it is easy to accurately analyze Running State when accidents occur. United States, European Union, and many other countries 353 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) We previously established a sensitive gas chromatographymass spectrometry method for analysis of ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG) and diethylene glycol (DEG), and disclosed the presence of appreciable amounts of EG, PG and DEG in fresh whole blood and urine specimens obained from non occupational healthy humans. These results led us to analyze EG and PG in specimens taken from three human cadavers. EG and PG concentrations in the postmortem blood and solid tissues were much higher than those found in fresh whole blood; their concentrations in many postmortem specimens were more than tenfold those in fresh whole blood specimens, suggesting the postmortem production of EG and PG. Therefore, we examined the time courses of EG and PG concentrations in blood specimens in the absence and presence of saprogenic blood (10% volume) and/or glucose (3 mg/ml) in vitro, which were left at room temperature for 7 days. EG concentration in fresh blood without any addition decreased slightly during the 7 days. EG concentration in the blood with addition of glucose, and PG concentrations in the blood with and without addition of glucose did not change appreciably during the 7 days. EG and PG concentrations in the blood after addition of 10% saprogenic blood increased 3.1-fold and 3.5-fold after 7 days, respectively; those after addition of saprogenic blood plus glucose increased 9.1-fold and 11.9-fold after 7 days, respectively. These results show that microorganisms present in the saprogenic blood caused the postmortem production of EG and PG, and the addition of glucose further enhances the EG and PG concentrations, probably acting as the substrate for glycol production by the microorganisms, and also warn that the postmortem production of EG should be taken into consideration when the specimens of a cadaver suspected of EG poisoning are analyzed. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe postmortem production of EG and PG in biological specimens. ORAL PRESENTATION 28 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 require vehicles such as trucks or public transportations to install Digital Tachograph. Data saved in Digital Tachograph have consistent patterns, and can be backed up from the device for analysis when required. However, impact from the accident may hinder from saving data successfully in Digital Tachograph. Because Digital Tachograph only extracts data that follows the pattern, it may fail to access data even if parts of data from the accident are saved in Digital Tachograph. The research defines following cases for failure. 1) Absence of delimiter or End-Of-Line that identifies each data group 2) Mixed time sequence 3) Out of range data value, and so on In such cases, back up feature from Digital Tachograph may fail to extract important data from the accident. We propose extracting method of data that is not saved in Digital Tachograph successfully. The proposed method follows procedures described below. 1) Physically extract all data from Flash/NAND memory of Digital Tachometer using Chip-off and JTAG method. 2) Parse physically extracted data, following the pattern of Digital Tachometer (speed, gear ratio or RPM, time, location (latitude and longitude), and so on) 3) Verify whether parsed data has been saved successfully by ordering in time sequence. Even if one data from the data group is “Invalid”, make sure that other data is “Valid” and is extracted successfully in the data group. For example, even though speed data is invalid in a data group, gear ratio or RPM, time, and location should be extracted from the Digital Tachograph. In case of speed and gear ratio or RPM, data is converted into Discrete Fourier Transform and the rate of change is measured. The data can be verified by setting the value range. Latitude and longitude data should be included in the region of driving for verification, and mileage should be compared with previous data. Since mileage is an accumulated value, it should be either same or bigger than previous data group. 4) Verified data can be visualized using data analyzing program. If Digital Tachograph did not receive GPS data, interpolation method is used to estimate latitude and longitude, and is expressed as a connected path. By using the proposed method, additional 10 seconds of data from the time of the accident was extracted from the Digital Tachograph of a bus that had real accident. In case of data from Digital Tachograph of Taxi, one day worth of data that would not be extracted normally was found, which helped determining the cause of the accident. KEYWORDS 354 DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH; DIGITAL FORENSIC; RECOVERY DATA O 28-3 DETECTION OF DIGITAL IMAGE FORGERIES BY INTERPIXEL CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS COMPARISON Hansoo Kim, Jungsoo Lee, Kiwoong Moon, Joong Lee Digital Technology and Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) We devise the digital image forgery detection system by comparing the correlation coefficients of digital images. It is from the observation of A. C. Popescu and H. Farid [1] that a pixel or a group of pixels in a digital image are periodically correlated when resampled or color filter array (CFA) interpolated. To find the appropriate correlation coefficients, the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is adopted to the difference of the pixels in the suspect image. To efficiently localize the forged area and enhance the search speed, we apply the modified divide-and-conquer search scheme in the suspect image. Also, we raise parameters that severely affect the display neatness of our system. Experiments show that a number of the forged digital images are detected as forgeries with zero false-positive detection rates. Applications of our system to the forensic image analysis with addressing the limitations such as bounding the sensitiveness of our system are included in our on-going work. KEYWORDS IMAGE FORGERY; FORENSIC MULTIMEDIA; RESAMPLING DETECTION O 28-4 RESEARCH OF ORIGIN IDENTIFICATION AND TAMPER DETECTION OF DIGITAL IMAGE Xuejing Dai Forensic Science Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China With the development of digital technology and the availability of increasingly powerful digital image processing tools, digital images can now be conveniently tampered and manipulated without leaving any obvious traces of modification. So there is an urgent need to identify the authenticity, integrity and origin of images. Image origin identification and image tamper detection are two important research areas of digital image forensics. This WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 paper conveyed research on image origin identification and image tamper detection, and the following innovative works have been proposed. Image origin identification includes EXIF information of the image examination, examination by computing compression ratio, examination by grey level histogram, and examining CFA (Color Filter Array) interpolation alteration. Image tamper detection includes conventional identification and identification after technology processing. Conventional identification includes consistency of brightness, contrast and saturation, consistency of tone and tonal, the changes in the angle of the light, consistency of light quality and local resolution, consistency of the light source, consistency of the depth of field, and abnormal phenomenon such as structure and plot. Technology identification includes examination after image adjustment, examination of perspective proportion relationship, layer calculation, the characteristics of image edge, details of the trace, and quantitative of the light angle, examination of resampling. DIGITAL IMAGE FORENSICS; IMAGE ORIGIN IDENTIFICATION; IMAGE TAMPER DETECTION KEYWORDS O 28-5 SPLICING FORGERY IMAGE DETECTION BASED ON DEPTH OF FIELD CONSISTENCY OF IMAGING PROCESS Image forgery is a serious issue in recent years. According to the problem that traditional authentification method depends on experience excessively, but lacks in strict and consistent standards, a splicing image authentification method based on estimation of depth of field is proposed. This method first gets the essential factors for DOF calculation from EXIF, such as focal distance and object distance, then uses to DOF calculation formula to get the DOF extent in image process. After the above procedure, we compares the estimation of DOF extent with the measured value to find whether DOF is inconsistent in these images or not. Experiments validated that this method can verify splicing images exactly, and provide scientific evidence for image authentification. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61307016) KEYWORDS IMAGE FORGERY; SPLICING IMAGE; O 28-6 SPLICING FORGERY IMAGE DETECTION BASED ON ILLUMINANCE INTENSITY CONSISTENCY OF IMAGING PROCESS Peng Sun Criminal Science and Technique, China Criminal Policing University, Shenyang, China Image forgery is a serious issue in recent years. According to the problem that traditional authentification method depends on experience excessively, but lacks in strict and consistent standards, a splicing image authentification method based on illuminance intensity estimation is proposed. This method first estimates intensity of reflected light based on the hypothesis of simple illuminance model, then uses light intensity attenuation formula to get the equation of reflected light which cause image process. After the above procedure, we compares the equation with the measured value to find whether illuminance intensity is inconsistent in these images or not. Experiments validated that this method can verify splicing images exactly, and provide scientific evidence for image authentification. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61307016) KEYWORDS IMAGE FORGERY; SPLICING IMAGE; ILLUMINANCE INTENSITY ORAL PRESENTATION 29 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM): TBC 4 O 29-1 FOCUSSING ON THE FUTURE: SURVEY RESULTS ON THE IMAGE CAPTURE OF PATTERNED CUTANEOUS INJURIES Sam Evans1, Jason Payne-James2 1 Dental Illustration Unit & School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Forensic Healthcare Services, United Kingdom An investigator who is involved in assessing the likelihood of physical abuse must make a decision as to whether the injury seen matches the explanation given. In some instances the 355 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Peng Sun Criminal Science and Technique, China Criminal Policing University, Shenyang, China DEPTH OF FIELD WFF2014 pattern of these injuries can give the investigator a possible link to the cause of the injury. Photographic imaging is used to record the patterned cutaneous injuries (PCI) and to facilitate forensic interpretation. The current method of capturing PCI often results in some form of distortion that causes a change to the shape of the patterned injury. The Dermatological Patterned Injury Capture and Analysis (DePICA) research group was formed to assess current image capture methods and practices. An online survey was set up to assess the value of localised imaging protocols and training specific to imaging PCI and was made available to law enforcement professionals, forensic investigators and hospital staff. 80 participants responded to the survey. The majority of the survey participants have had training in medical or forensic photography, however 66 (83%) have not had specific training in how to photograph PCI. 41 (51%) of the participants responded that they always use a rigid scale and 34 (43%) position the camera so that it is perpendicular to the scale and injury. Comments made about the quality of images obtained and produced raises concerns about how much knowledge those initiating such images have about image relevance in criminal cases. It is evident that a clear and comprehensive guide to photographing PCIs is required to improve the quality of the photographic evidence that is collected. FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY; PATTERNED CUTANEOUS INJURIES; SURVEY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS O 29-2 COMPARISON OF INJURIES DUE TO LETHAL WEAPONS DURING PRE AND POST-WAR PERIODS IN SRI LANKA; A MEDICO-LEGAL ANALYSIS during pre-war period and to compare those with the injuries during post-war period. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients reported with injuries caused by lethal weapons from 2004 to 2014. Altogether, 21, 210 Medico-legal examination forms were studied. Results : There were 358 (1.7%) injuries caused by lethal weapons. of them, 41% (148) were pre-war and 59% (210) were post-war. Majority were employed, males, in 20-29 years. Most were assaulted with a sharp weapon by known person and received grievous injuries. Majority of pre-war injuries occurred in day time. Thirty two percent (48) were blast injuries. Majority of post-war injuries occurred at night due to financial disputes. One was an accidental blast injury. 63% of pre and 48% of post-war injuries occurred during day time (p<0.05). 32% of pre and 01% of post-war violence were due to explosive weapons (P<0.01). 73% of pre and 57% of post-war injuries were severe (p<0.05). 30% of pre and 6% of post-war injuries were in lower limbs (p<0.01). 37% of post and 24% of pre-war injuries were in upper limbs (p<0.05). Conclusions : Pre-war injuries occurred during day time with explosive weapons to lower limbs. Post-war injuries occurred at night from non-explosive weapons to upper limbs. Pre-war injures were more severe than post-war. Presence of many similarities indicated that both groups learnt basis in a society that breeds violence. Non-explosive lethal weapon use in post-war needs to be further investigated in order to develop evidence based interventions. KEYWORDS LETHAL WEAPONS; PRE AND POST WAR; SRI LANKA O 29-3 Muditha Vidanapathirana1, Sriyantha Amararatne2 , Sameera Gunawardane3 , Ajith Rathnaweera4 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Karapitiya, Sri Lanka Introduction : In Sri Lanka, the problem of using lethal weapons has emerged as a subject of public discussion in recent years. This study was conducted to describe the nature and characteristics of injuries caused by lethal weapons 356 APPLICATION OF A MULTIFACTORIAL FORENSIC AGE ESTIMATION METHOD IN A GROUP OF EAST AFRICAN DETAINEES Sameera Gunawardena1, Udari Liyanage2 , Jayanie Weeratne3 , Asela Mendis1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 3Forensic Odontologist, Institute of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka INTRODUCTION : Forensic age estimations using a multifactorial method were conducted on thirteen East African detainees facing criminal charges, to ascertain if they WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS AGE DETERMINATION IN LIVING; CT SCAN STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT; THIRD MOLAR MATURITY O 29-5 PENILE QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING TECHNOLOGY AND IT’S APPLICATION IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Feixiang Wang, Guangyou Zhu Department of Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Objective : To explore the quantitative sensory testing technology of penis (including temperature and vibration) in male sexual dysfunction (including erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory dysfunction) application value in forensic medicine. Methods : Using the TSA-II quantitative sensory analyzer, the heat threshold, heat pain threshold, and vibration threshold of the glans penis and left hand index finger were detected with limit method in normal control subjects (25 cases), erectile dysfunction patients (50 cases) after nerve injury, anejaculation patients (15 cases) after nerve injury, and simultaneously calculate the glans penis relative sensory threshold, namely the glans penis ratio different sensory threshold respectively with the left hand index finger sensory threshold. Analysis and comparison of t test application independent sample group. In addition, sensory profile control, through the determination of sensory disturbance plane (C1-C8, T1-T12, L1-L5, S1-S4), and the localization diagnosis of the site of nerve injury. Results : In patients with erectile dysfunction group after nerve injury, glans penis sensory threshold was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, heat threshold, heat pain threshold and the relative threshold were 45.6 ± 3.2 ºC, 48.5 ± 1.7 ºC (see Table 1.1) and 1.38 ± 0.13, 1.21 ± 0.10, there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05); vibration threshold and relative threshold were 12.2 ± 2.4 μ (see Table 1.2) and 4.82 ± 0.13, there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). In patients with anejaculation after nerve injury, glans penis sensory threshold was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, heat threshold, heat pain threshold and the relative threshold were 43.4 ± 3.4 ºC, 46.4 ± 1.8 ºC (see table 1.3) and 1.30 ± 0.12, 1.15 ± 0.10, there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05); vibration threshold and relative threshold was 15.3 ± 2.8 μ (see table 1.4) and 6.35 ± 0.12, there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). Based on the measured plane somato sensory disorder, can confirm the nerve injury site, such as S1, S2 nerve injury. Conclusion : ① The penis quantitative temperature testing technology is the evaluation of pudendal nerve especially small nerve conduction of nociceptive (class C), the effective methods of fiber structure and function. Compared with the traditional neural electrophysiological examination, it can more effectively detect pudendal nerve injury or dysfunction, sexual dysfunction can be applied to forensic identification. The quantitative vibration perception technology is the evaluation of the penis of pudendal nerve especially 357 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) were below or above 18 years. This was done by a team of experts comprising of two specialists in forensic medicine, a specialist in radiology and a forensic odontologist. METHODOLOGY : Full informed consent was obtained. Each detainee was interviewed with an interpreter and examined clinically. Tanner staging was done according to observable changes in the genitalia. Common medical and nutritional disorders were excluded clinically. Dental charting and X-ray of the mandibular third molar teeth were done and graded according to Demirjian’s classification. CT scans of the sternoclavicular joints were obtained and graded according to Schmeling’s classification. Finally, the age ranges were estimated using the following regression formula developed by Bassed et al. Lower age limit = 9.91 + {0.74x (molar score)} + {1.19x (clavicle score)} Upper age limit=11.55 + {0.99x (molar score)} + {1.41x (clavicle score)} To account for unknown ethnic factors, the range was expanded by a further 10%. RESULTS : All the subjects had Stage V pubic hair and genital growth. In all, the mandibular third molar teeth had erupted and showed Stage H dental maturity. CT scans of the clavicle showed one subject with Stage 2 maturity, six subjects with Stage 3 maturity and the other six with Stage 4 maturity. The calculated age ranges in these three groups were 18.0 to 22.5; 19.2 to 23.9 and 20.3 to 25.3 respectively. CONCLUSION : The formula by Bassed et al provided much narrower age ranges than what would have been possible if only odontological or radiological methods had been used. Though the clinical examination did not directly contribute to the age estimation formula, it played a vital role in excluding numerous medical and nutritional conditions that could affect dental and skeletal maturity. This paper highlights the superior scientific validity in using the multifactorial method in forensic age estimations especially when determining age ranges around 18 years. WFF2014 conductive touch pressure sensation nerve (A β) effective method of fiber structure and function. Compared with the traditional neural electrophysiological examination, it can more accurately detect the penis nerve injury or dysfunction, sexual dysfunction can be used in forensic identification. QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING; ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION; ANEJACULATION KEYWORDS O 29-6 WITHER CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE - A DOWNHILL SPIRAL? IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) John Gall1,2,3 1 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Vic Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children’s Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia In 2003, 11 years ago, an editorial was published in Anil Aggrawal’s Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology[1]. This editorial lamented the state of clinical forensic medicine commenting that it was facing a crisis of identity and ultimately of existence. Clinical forensic medicine (CFM) had failed to establish itself as an independent medical and academic discipline, and in some jurisdictions, had allowed and encouraged a fragmentation and loss of services to other medical and paramedical disciplines. Despite the passage of 11 years and the formation of collegiate faculties of forensic medicine in two counties, the discipline appears to be in continual decline. CFM has existed for very many years. In the past, most clinical forensic work was conducted by general practitioners with a special interest in forensic medicine, a situation that continues but now with the noted addition of nurses and paediatricians. Formal education has been and remains piecemeal. Many have learnt’on the job’ and without much, if any, knowledgeable supervision. There are basic formal educational qualifications but there is no absolute obligation for practitioners to obtain one. Similarly, there has been no requirement for the practitioner to partake in formal continuing medical education (CME). There is an absence of academic acceptance of the discipline. The absence of research has led to a not-often-publicised problem; many of the’facts’ in forensic medicine are not based on scientifically proven data. It is interesting that the medical and legal profession consider it inappropriate for the various recognised disciplines of medicine to practice without 358 appropriate advanced training but appear willing for clinical forensic opinions within the legal system to be provided by practitioners without the appropriate level of training. Why does the law accept substandard forensic science and medicine? How many false convictions or released felons are there due to poor quality application of CFM principles? Sadly, there appears to be a misconception amongst police, lawyers and other doctors that with a medical qualification comes all knowledge of matters forensic. We all see bruises, abrasions and lacerations but do we all really understand them? To quote Einstein, a little knowledge is a dangerous thing. If CFM is to survive and function as a specialty or subspecialty and to provide an ongoing competent professional service, the issues of direction, education and training require urgent attention. As per the original editorial, this will require: - the establishment of academic centres of excellence; - research funds for the conduct off orensic medical research; - the establishment of learned societies or colleges; and - cessation of fragmentation of CFM. Achievement of these aims will not be easy and will also require a campaign to convince medical colleagues, the legal profession, academics and politicians of the need for CFM as a speciality in itself. [1] Gall JAM. Wither Clinical Forensic Medicine (Editorial). Anil Aggrawal’s Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 2003; Vol. 4, No. 1 (January - June 2003) : http : //anil298.tripod.com/vol_004_no_001/others/editorial.html; Published January 1, 2003. KEYWORDS EDUCATION; CLINICAL MEDICINE; FORENSIC ORAL PRESENTATION 30 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): DB O 30-1 THE USE OF DNA DATABASE OF BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM SEXUAL ASSAULTS AND RAPES IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS: A SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE IN BRAZIL Samuel T G Ferreira1,2 , Karla A Paula1, Flávia A Maia1, Arthur E Svidzinski1, Marinã R Amaral1, Silmara A. Diniz1, Maria E. Siqueira1, Adriana V. Moraes1 1 Instituto de Pesquisa de DNA Forense, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2Secretaria Nacional de Segurança WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Pública do Ministério da Justiça - Senasp/MJ, Brasília, Brazil DNA databases may play a crucial role in many kinds of criminal investigations. In sexual assaults and rapes, DNA databases of biological evidence may play a essential role in investigations and in the identification of the perpetrators. Particularly, in countries where there is no legislation regarding DNA databases from suspects or convicted individuals, DNA databases of biological evidence from sexual assaults and rapes may prove decisive in criminal investigations. In Brazil, until 2012 and 2013 there was no legislation regarding DNA databases from suspects or convicted individuals. Due to the lack of legislation concerning this subject and the need for solving crimes related to sexual assaults, the Forensic DNA Research Institute of Federal District Civil Police in Brasília created in 1998 the first DNA database of biological evidence from sexual assaults and rapes in Brazil to aid criminal investigations. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the successful experience of the the Forensic DNA Research Institute of Federal District Civil Police in Brasília, Brazil, in aiding criminal investigations in solving crimes and in identifying perpetrators using this kind of DNA database. Forensic scientists using a DNA database of biological evidence from sexual assaults and rapes working toghter with Federal District Civil Police authorities and investigators found sixty eight serial rapists who had attacked one hundred and ninety one women in Brasília, Brazil. O 30-3 THE IMPACT OF NEW DNA TECHNOLOGIES ON THE FUTURE OF CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell, Governmental Affairs, Seattle, Washington, United States Forty-eight countries have implemented national criminal offender DNA database programs. These databases contain over 50 million offenders. DNA databases have revolutionized police investigations and have solved countless unsolvable crimes. And, the databases are growing. By 2020 it is likely that twenty more countries will have national offender databases with the collective profiles exceeding 100 million. During this time of significant criminal offender DNA KEYWORDS DNA; POLICY; TECHNOLOGY O 30-4 THE STATUS AND MANAGEMENT FLOW OF KOREAN CONVICTED OFFENDER DNA DATABASE Su-Jeong Park, Jong-Sik Kim, Hye-Yeon Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) Following the enforcement of DNA law in July 2010, the criminal DNA database has started in Korea for efficient criminal investigation and protection of human rights. 359 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) DNA DATABASE; SEXUAL ASSAULTS; RAPES; EVIDENCE; SERIAL RAPISTS KEYWORDS database growth, new DNA technology, such as Rapid DNA and Next Generation testing will dramatically change the way we view and utilize these databases. For example, consider the impact of Next Generation’s ability to produce all relevant genetic markers at once. In the pursuit of justice, proposals will be inevitable to expand the databases to many more STR’s, full panels of Y STR’s, and SNPs. When this occurs, how will our policy makers react? Furthermore, what will be the policy implications on sensitive issues, such as familial searching, and on how legislation should be designed to deal with these issues? The next ten years will also see a rise in the use of DNA database in civilian uses, such as for ID cards, and immigration. For example, within the next few years, we will likely see the first country move forward with a citizen-wide DNA database. As other countries try to replicate civilian uses, what polices will be designed to harness the value of the technology, while protecting privacy? This presentation will evaluate new DNA database technologies and applications, and how the world’s policy makers will likely respond. Existing examples from around the world will be reviewed and legislative predictions will be made. The presentation will also evaluate changing attitudes towards DNA databasing and the impact the future healthcare system will have on these attitudes. In the coming decades, personalized medicine will cause most of us to voluntarily submit our full human genomes to the health care industry. In exchange, we will hope to receive the best health care results possible. Consequently, public acceptance of genetic testing and big health care data will likely skyrocket. What will this all mean to the public policy debate related to criminal DNA databases? It will likely mean we will see a larger criminal DNA databases and aggressive applications to solve and prevent crime. This presentation will explain why. WFF2014 Under the law, prosecutors and police are authorized to collect DNA samples from individuals for 11 types of violent crime. The Korean criminal DNA database consists of personal information and DNA profiles, which are managed independently. During the 2010.7.26~2014.4.30, over 70, 000 convicted offender’s DNA profiles have been accumulated in DNA database. Among those, over 1, 336 matches were found to be related to unsolved crimes. The procedure of DNA analysis is automated to handle the massive number of database samples efficiently and minimize human errors and cross-contaminations. DNA profile match program was developed for efficient management of DNA profiles and search for DNA matches. The collected buccal swab samples must be discarded after upload the DNA profiles according to the law. So we carry out duplicate analysis on each sample by different analyst for error-free DNA analysis. For real time feedback services, we give a match result to police within 30 minutes. The guidelines are setting up for accurate database management under the DNA Management Committee. KEYWORDS CRIMINAL DNA DATABASE; OFFENDER; DNA PROFILE O 30-5 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) FORENSIC DNA DATABASES: TOWARDS BEST PRACTICE ETHICAL, LEGAL AND SCIENTIFIC STANDARDS Helen Wallace1, Anthony Jackson1, Jeremy Gruber2 , Andrew Thibedeau2 1 Genewatch UK, Buxton, Derbyshire, United Kingdom; 2Council for Responsible Genetics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States T h e F o r e n s i c G e n e t i c s P o l i c y I n i t i a t i v e [ w w w. dnapolicyinitiative.org] is a civil society-led project which aims to set human rights standards for DNA databases around the world, by establishing best practice and involving experts, policy makers and members of the public in open debate. DNA databases can play an important role in solving crimes but safeguards are also needed to prevent abuses, protect privacy, maintain public trust and avoid miscarriages of justice. Emerging best practice for DNA databases will be discussed based on a global survey. Policies discussed will include : collection and destruction of samples; retention and deletion of data; restrictions on access to and uses of biological samples and data; and safeguards to protect the chain of 360 custody, prevent contamination, and handle forensic evidence in court. KEYWORDS DNA DATABASE; HUMAN RIGHTS; ETHICS O 30-6 THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE KOREA FORENSIC DNA DATABASE Hyunchul Park, Kyungmyung Lee, Sanghyun An, Hyehyeon Lee, Hansol Kwon, Si-Keun Lim Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) In Korea, the 『Act on use and Protection of DNA Identification Information』 called’DNA law’ was established on 26 July, 2010, and the national forensic DNA database was constructed for crime scenes, arrestees, and convicted offenders. The national forensic DNA database is managed by two organizations : Nation Forensic Service (NFS) and Supreme Prosecutor’s Office (SPO). The database management system of NFS (called’DIMS’) includes DNA profiles of crime scenes and arrestees, and that of SPO (called’KODNAD’) includes DNA profiles of convicted offenders. Although the national forensic DNA database is separated, both databases are connected to each other, and DNA profiles are transmitted to the other side database. In this study, we present the attainment and current state of Korea DNA database based on the data of NFS for the past 4 years. Since the DNA law was enforced in 2010, 46, 135 DNA profiles of crime scenes and 33, 419 DNA profiles of arrestees have been stored in the database. From 2000 to 2013, about 78, 400 DNA profiles of crime scenes were stored in the crime case database. Above all, due to the database search, we could solve 7, 100 cold cases and serial crime cases. The DNA profiles of arrestee and suspect were matched to 11, 325 DNA profiles of crime scenes, and 5, 221 DNA profiles were matched between crime scenes. The most frequently occurring serial case is the larceny, and then the second frequently serial case is the sexual assault. We also built the database for 3, 599 DNA profiles of the unidentified remains and 2, 329 DNA profiles of family of missing persons. Furthermore, we developed a database for mixed DNA profiles of crime scenes to manage the unsolved cases. FORENSIC DNA DATABASE; CRIME SCENE; SERIAL CASES KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 30-7 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CARTILAGE AND PHALANGE FROM HALLUX AS IMPORTANT KINDS OF SAMPLES FOR DNA TYPING IN DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION (DVI) ORAL PRESENTATION 31 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): ENGINEERING IN FP, POLICY O 31-1 Samuel T G Ferreira , Rodrigo G. Garrido , Karla A. Paula1, Ricardo C Nogueira3 , Elvis A. Oliveira3 , Adriana V. Moraes1 1 Instituto de Pesquisa de DNA Forense, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 2Instituto de Pesquisa E Perícias Em Genética Forense, Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Instituto de Medicina Legal, Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil; 4 Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública do Ministério da Justiça - Senasp/MJ, Brasília, Brazil 1,4 2 KEYWORDS DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION; DVI; SAMPLE; DNA TYPING; SAMPLE;CARTILAGE; BONE; HALLUX; PHALANGE Sungji Park1, Jang Gyu Cha2 , Youngseok Lee1, Insoo Seo1, Bongwoo Lee1, Kyungmoo Yang1, Youngshik Choi1 1 National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (South) Fall from height is one of the most popular way of suicide in Korea. Skull fracture is commonly accompanied with these cases, but several cases show absence of skull fracture with serious body injuries including sternal and vertebral fracture. The mechanism of this pattern of injury can be explained by impact of facial part on chest or abdomen when the body touchs to the ground. We try to figure out relevance of this pattern of injury to the height of fall using computer simulation (Madymo 7.5). For this experiment, condition of initial pose is limited to leaning forward. The simulation show that when the body rotates forward, the body parts which get injured by ground depends on the height of fall. Relatively lower height, head gets injured, but as the height is higher, the point of first impaction area becomes back, hip and then legs. When the body struck first around hip area on supine position, the impaction makes forceful flexion of lumbar, thoracic and cervical vertebrae, leading to fold the body in two, which results in collision between the part of face and the anterior part of body. This simulation result is not against with the earlier study that cranial fractures showed biphasic distribution with regard to the impaction energy or height. SKULL FRACTURE, FALL FROM HEIGHT; BIPHASIC; SIMULATION, MADYMO KEYWORDS O 31-2 BLUNT LIVER INJURY WITH INTACT RIBS UNDER IMPACTS ON THE ABDOMEN: A BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION Yu Shao1, Donghua Zou1, Zhengdong Li1, Lei Wan1, Zhiqiang Qin1, Ningguo Liu1, Jianhua Zhang1, Liangwei 361 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) In mass fatality incidents, the quality and the kind of samples for DNA typing will play a crucial role in the identification of the victims. The choice of samples for DNA typing depends on the conditions of the bodies and on many factors related to the incident. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that cartilage and phalanges from hallux are important kinds of samples for DNA typing in disaster victim identification (DVI). In this study, we compared DNA yields and DNA profiles of twenty cartilage samples from knees with twenty bone samples (phalanges from hallux) collected from the same victims of the biggest natural disaster in Brazil in which there were 918 deaths. This mass fatality incident was due to floods and mudslides in the mountainous region of the State of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in January 2011. Sample collection was performed with disposable equipment. Modified organic phenol-chloroform was used for DNA extraction. Plexor HY Kit (Promega) was used for real-time quantification and Identifiler Plus (Life Technologies) and PowerPlex 16 and Fusion (Promega) Kits were used for amplification. The results of the amount of DNA recovered from the samples and the quality of the STRs profiles obtained showed that cartilage and phalanges are excellent kinds of samples for DNA typing in disaster victim identification (DVI). BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF BIPHASIC DISTRIBUTION OF SKULL INJURY IN FALLS FROM HEIGHT WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Zhong2 , Ping Huang1, Yijiu Chen1 1 Department of Forensic Pathology, Institution of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, China, Shanghai, China; 2College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China Liver injury may be caused by a direct impact with a certain velocity and energy on the abdomen, which may result in a lacerated liver by penetration of fractured ribs. However, liver ruptures without rib cage fractures were found in autopsies in a series of cases. All the victims sustained punches on the abdomen by fist. In the present study, finite element methods and numerical simulation technology were used to investigate the actual process and biomechanism of liver injury induced by blunt impact on the abdomen, especially with intact ribs remained. A finite element human torso model was developed from high resolution CT data. The model consists of geometrically-detailed liver and rib cage models and simplified models of soft tissues, thoracic and abdominal organs. After validation, the torso model was used in simulations in which the right hypochondrium was punched by a fist from the frontal, lateral, and rear directions, and in each direction with impact velocities of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 m/s. The results showed that liver rupture was primarily caused by a direct strike of the ribs induced by blunt impact to the abdomen. The overall kinematics of the torso showed that the rib cage and the surrounding soft tissue were pressed and compressed inside firstly after the impact, then rebounded with the fist. The liver was impacted and compressed by the chest wall beneath the impact area of the body surface. Among three impact directions, a lateral impact was most likely to cause liver injury with a minimum punch speed of 5 m/s (the momentum was about 2.447 kg.m/s). The minimum punch speed to cause liver injury under frontal directions was 6 m/s (momentum of 2.936 kg.m/s). And rear punches could hardly cause liver injury. Under the same impact direction, higher punch speeds could result in more severe liver injuries. The contact force between the rib cage and liver was decreased to approximately 1.6% of the initial impact force between the fist and thoracoabdominal muscles. The vast amount of the initial impact energy was absorbed and dissipated in the soft tissues and bony structures, leaving only a minor part transmitted to the liver. Because of their material characteristics which could sustain larger amounts of impact energy, muscles and rib cage remained intact during all the simulation scenarios. Overall, liver injuries could occur in isolation and were not accompanied by rib fractures under punches on the abdomen, especially from lateral direction. The simulation results were consistent with the liver rupture of the victims in the real cases. 362 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; LIVER INJURY; BIOMECHANISM KEYWORDS O 31-3 CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURY MECHANISM EXPLORATION BY DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES: HEAD TRAUMA CAUSED BY STRIKE OR FALL? Li Zhengdong Forensic Pathology Department, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China The elucidation and prediction of the head trauma biomechanics could serve as a useful tool in forensic sciences. Digital reconstructions technologies in terms of virtopsy and finite element (FE) analysis could potentially help understand the mechanisms of brain injuries and skull fractures in the forensic practices. The study was based on a real head trauma case, aimed to reconstruct the head injury patterns of the victims with virtopsy methods, to develop and validate a FE model of the human head, and to assess the biomechanics of specific injuries concerning strike and fall loading conditions. The head trauma 3D model was reconstructed and assembled using Mimics 13.0 based on the CT scans of the injured head, which demonstrates the features of contre-coup brain injury and global skull deformation. The skull FE model validation and injury reconstruction were conducted using the LS-DYNA code. The material properties were based upon a synthesis of data found in published literature. The model was validated by comparison of the forehead impact and falling simulation results and published postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) results. We generated a cylinder of Φ5cm impacting the skull model with velocities of 4.77m/s, 5.77m/s, and 6.77m/s, respectively. In the fall of loading conditions, the head FE model fell at the given speed of 4.77m/s, 5.77m/s, and 6.77m/s, respectively. We compared the injuries resulting from the trauma case with the simulated results in order to explore the possible fracture biomechanism. Under simulated falling conditions, the global deformation pattern was formed and the skull fracture patterns and mechanisms were consistent with the actual injury features. Our study demonstrated that the virtopsy and FE simulation methods could potentially be effective in identifying forensic cases and exploring of the head trauma mechanisms. This model can be employed to distinguish between possible and impossible scenarios. KEYWORDS HEAD TRAUMA BIOMECHANICS; INJURY WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTION; VIRTOPSY O 31-5 THE CONTRIBUTION OF PATHOLOGY EVIDENCE IN THE PROSECUTION OF WAR CRIMES O 31-4 CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IN SRI LANKA; FORECAST FOR THE NEXT CENTURY Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka 1 KEYWORDS SUSPICIOUS DEATHS; CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION; MEDICO-LEGAL ISSUES The first reported use of pathological expertise in the investigation of alleged war crimes was in 1941, in uncovering the Katyn massacre of World War 2, but it would be another 50 or more years before the next substantial contribution, when large scale teams were employed in the former Yugoslavia following the conflicts there of the 1990s. The nature of such pathology work is very different to that of normal forensic practice and brings with it a need to recognize limitations and accept compromises. The careful and methodical examination of remains, even years afterwards, does nevertheless still produce important findings in terms of population demographics, restraint and vulnerability of individuals, and patterns of injuries, all of which can help to support or counter allegations made. Reference will be made to recent work on bodies which, amongst other things, showed a remarkable degree of preservation even after 21 years. Additionally, cumulative experience will identify those aspects of initial forensic investigation likely to prove most profitable evidentially. WAR CRIMES; PATHOLOGY EVIDENCE; PRESERVATION KEYWORDS O 31-6 EFFECTIVENESS OF ELEARNING TOOLS IN THE DELIVERY OF FORENSIC PATHOLOGY CURRICULUM FOR UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY Vasudeva Murthy Challakere Ramaswamy Department of Pathology, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Background : Medical education has undergone significant evolution in the last decade. Institutes across the world are slowly adapting digital technologies to effectively communicate medical science. Blending all teaching and learning activities with eLearning would enhance the student learning experience and can be effective utilised for teaching undergraduate as well as postgraduate medical 363 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) becomes an integral component in the investigation of all suspicious deaths and deaths following violence. Extracting valuable information from the scene contributes to solving important medico-legal issues pertaining to the death. The advances in the technology and knowledge will support the crime investigators to find answers to the most complex cases. The success story of Sri Lanka in crime scene investigation would revolve around the key word’ELITE’ which stands for E- Expertise, L- Legislature, I-Intelligence, T- Technology and E- Establishment. An all island Scene of Crime Officers (SOCO) head quarters would coordinate all the crime scene investigations in the country. Crime scene investigation in complex cases would be led by a Forensic Pathologist who will decide the team members and provide the necessary guidance to the SOCOs. A modern crime scene lab as a separate wing of the Government Analyst (GA) Department would provide the technological support in the investigations. The legal frame work and the necessary expertise would be provided by the Attorney General’s (AG) Department with the separate CSI unit. Active collaboration among the SOCO, AG’s department, GA’s department would further need a vibrant Forensic Pathology service and thus leading to the establishment of Sri Lanka Medico-Legal Service (SLMLS) which consists of all qualified Forensic Pathologists. The director SLMLS would be the chief administrative officer. The SLMLS would guide the forensic fraternity towards future innovations, research and excellence of working standards thus leading the country to the frontier. The future Sri Lankan model in Crime Scene Investigation would set an example to other South East Asian countries. John Clark Centre for Forensic Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 students. There is also the proposal by ministry of education in Malaysia on increasing the eLearning component to 10-30% which would only enhance the student learning experience. At International Medical University (IMU) in Malaysia Kuala Lumpur we have recently introduced various eLearning tools were introduced and the objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the eLearning tools. Materials and Methods : An observational study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of eLearning modules. In forensic medicine module many innovative eLearning tools like i-lectures using articulate software, the use of poll in the face-to-face lectures, discussion forum on the eLearning portal, the use of videos or web links were tried for plenary session while resources such as the primal pictures, virtual medical lab using storyline software, eFLM (electronic fixed learning module) and use of Quick Response Code (QR code) were used for the medical museum and practical sessions. The various eLearning component of the module was evaluated by using quantitative questionnaire with the scoring scales between 1 to 4. A total of 200 students participated in the study and descriptive statistics was used for the analysis of data. Results : Average score for effectiveness of the module was 3.23 out of 4.78% of students preferred the use of e learning tools. 82% of students felt that eLearning tools improved overall experience of learning. Conclusion : Our study shows that use of eLearning tools in the teaching of forensic medicine can improve the learning experience among students & can be effectively used in undergraduate teaching modules in medical universities and with ever changing digital world new tools for education will only add to student learning experience. KEYWORDS ELEARNING; FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; MEDICAL EDUCATION O 31-7 CAUSAL LINKS BETWEEN MEDICAL ERRORS IN OBSTETRICS AND STILLBIRTH: A CASE REPORT. BOLAM PRINCIPLE FROM INTERNATIONAL POW Vladislav Iakovlev, Vyacheslav Gavrichkov, Natalia Volkova Department of Complex Expertises, Republic Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise, Cheboksary, Russian Federation A medical error is a preventable adverse effect of care, whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. This might include an inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis or treatment of a disease, injury, syndrome, behavior, infection, 364 or other ailment. Up to Obstetrics, health care practitioners owe a duty of care to pregnant women and have to to be diligent in monitoring and diagnosing childbirth problems in order to prevent mistakes which can lead to serious injury or death of the patient or her child. Must say, that it is very difficult to be certain of the etiology of stillbirth sometimes cause of multiple factors being invovlved in the process of thanatogenesis, and is even more difficult to find a causal link between obstetrician’s error and stillbirth. However, deep analisys of medical records and forensic autopsy findings helps to find truth in most cases. In our report we will talk about difficulties in making causation between obstetricians’ errors and stillbirth. KEYWORDS CAUSAL LINKS; FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; STILLBIRTH O 31-8 PATERNAL FILICIDE - SUICIDE: A CASE REPORT Andres Rodriguez Zorro, Jairo Vivas Department of Forensic Pathology, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Legal Y Ciencias Forenses, Bogota, Colombia Filicide, (deliberated act of killing a child by a parent) following by offender’s suicide is a rare event but highly shocking in our society. The term filicide - suicide is used in literature to describe the co- occurrence of this two acts. We present the case of 4 years old child who was killed by his father during events took placed inside a funeral home, workplace of the father, who worked there as a watchman. Immediately after the death of her daughter, father committed suicide by a gunshot in his head. Sequence of events was recorded by a security camera. At the scene, both bodies were found in the funeral home checkpoint area along with the weapon. Intimate partner problems were described between child’s parents. At necropsy the presence of a unique gunshot wound was documented in right zygomatic region with corresponding exit wound in left ear. Other signs of trauma were not documented. Circumstances surrounding filicide - suicide cases can provide clues about parent’s motivational profiles. Characteristics of Filicide – Suicide cases and motives for paternal filicide described in literature are discussed. KEYWORDS FILICIDE; SUICIDE; PATERNAL FILICIDE WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 32 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP): AP 4 O 32-2 VARIATION OF THE EAR SHAPE CHARACTERISTICS IN JAPANESE AND ITS APPLICATION TO PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION IN CRIMINAL CASES O 32-1 ESTABLISHING A METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE NASAL TIP POSITION IN UNKNOWN HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS FOR FACIAL RECONSTRUCTION AND SKULL–PHOTO SUPERIMPOSITION: A PILOT STUDY IN JAPANESE MEN Hajime Utsuno1, Toru Kageyama2, Keiichi Uchida3, Kazuhiko Kibayashi1 1 Legal Medicine, Tokyo Womens Medical University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Orthodontics, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan; 3Oral Radiology, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan FACIAL RECONSTRUCTION; FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; NASAL TIP KEYWORDS The cases be requested to examine the images taken by surveillance camera just keep on increasing. In these cases, the purpose of the examination is to identify the suspected persons on the images. Usually, the methods used for identifying personals on the images are comparisons of characteristics such as head hair and figure of hairline, morphological characteristics such as eyebrow, eye, nose, mouth, ear and so on. Especially, many features are observed on ear image and no two person has the same ear shape like fingerprint. Therefore, it is very effective for personal identification. In this study, the morphological characteristics of each part of the ear by using photos of 170 Japanese (men 109, women 61) were examined to obtain the scientific evidence. Observed characteristics are figure of auricle, earlobe’s adherence pattern to face, positional relationship between helix and antihelix. Each character is classified into six types, three type and four type, respectively. Frequencies of each type in the observed characteristics are reported. In addition, other features such as existence or non-existence of Darwin tubercle, cell and cleaved earlobe, earlobe’s adherence angle to face were observed. Personal identification cases using characteristics of ear shapes are also reported. KEYWORDS VA R I AT I O N O F T H E E A R S H A P E CHARACTERISTICS; PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION; CRIMINAL CASES O 32-3 COMBINED USE OF PHOTOANTHROPOMETRY AND FACIAL GEOMETRY IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY ON THE INTERNET Carlos Machado1, Raffaela Francisco2 , Ana Bezerra3 , Martin Evison4 , Marco Guimarães2 1 National Institute of Criminalistics, Technical Scientific Direction/Brazilian Federal Police, Brasília, Brazil; 365 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Skull–photo superimposition is used to assess the association between the skull and photograph of a specific individual, whereas facial reconstruction is used to reproduce the antemortem facial features from unknown human skulls or to identify facial features of unknown human skeletal remains. These techniques are based on the soft tissue thickness and relationship between soft tissue and skull, including the position of the ear/external acoustic meatus, pupil/orbit, nose/nasal aperture, and lip/teeth. However, the ear and nose regions are relatively difficult to assess because of their structure, particularly as the soft tissue in these regions are lined by cartilage. In the present study, we aimed to establish a more accurate method for determining the position of the nasal tip relative to the skull. We measured the height of the maxilla as well as the height of middle-to-lower facial region in the X-ray films of 55 Japanese men. From the collected data, we generated a regression equation. This equation was then applied to the X-ray films of other 12 Japanese men. We observed differences of mean 0.7 mm (maximum 3.3 mm, minimum 0 mm) between predicted and actual nasal tips. The result of this study indicated that the regression equation is useful for the estimation of the position of the nasal tip. Yoshihiro Takaesu1, Koji Sugawara1, Yasutaka Nakamura1, Masatsugu Hashimoto1 1 Dept. of Forensic Odontology and Anthropology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; 2The Metropolitan Police Department, Tokyo, Japan WFF2014 Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School/University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 3 Department of Odontology, Healty Sciences School/University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; 4Centre for Forensic Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) 2 INTRODUCTION : The incidence of child pornography published and consumed via the internet continues to increase. Investigations are frequently compromised, however, due to the difficulty of reliably establishing the age of individuals exposed in images. As prosecutions in child pornography cases may depend on well-established and reliable scientific methods for age estimation from images, their development is of critical importance. OBJECTIVE : The development of a model of logistic regression based on measurements of facial angles obtained from images of Brazilian adults and sub-adults, and to evaluate its reliability in the detection of individuals at or above the age of consent (18 years). METHODS : Standardized frontal view images from Brazilian females (n=500) and males (n=500) of five age groups (6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 years of age, each ± 15 days) were randomly selected from the Brazilian National Passport Databank. The selected images were analysed by one examiner using cephalometric points, which could be objectively visualised. Intra-observer error was estimated by the repeated analysis of 100 faces randomly selected from the main sample. After landmarking the reference points, 72 facial angles were calculated as variables for the study. The normality of the data was verified by the KomolgorovSmirnov test. The Student´s T-test was used to evaluate intraobserver landmarking error. ANOVA was used to check differences between the age groups. Pearson´s correlation was used to determine the correlation between the selected ANOVA variables and individual ages. The twelve facial angles which showed best correlation with the age were used to establish a logistic regression model, in SAS 9.4, (at significance 0.05), in order to assess the likelihood the individual was under or over 18 years. This study was approved by the Ethical Research Committee from the Hospital of Clinics of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School – University of São Paulo (Process n : 17017213.0.0000.5440). RESULTS : The Komolgorov-Smirnov test showed normal distribution of the data. The Student´s T-test showed no statistical differences between examiner measurements. An ANOVA indicated that only five variables showed no difference among the age groups, while 67 variables presented differences for at least one age group. Pearson´s Coefficient showed that 33 variables had a weak correlation with age (0 to ±0.3); 32 had a moderate correlation (-0.7 to 366 -0.3 or 0.3 to 0.7) and two had a strong correlation (-1 to -0.7 or 0.7 to 1). The logistic regression model showed that, from the twelve angles with higher correlation with age, only seven showed significance sufficient to discriminate between individuals of under and over 18 years. The reliability of the model based these seven angles was 90.88%. CONCLUSION : The proposed model of logistic regression using seven facial angles showed a reliability of 90.88%, which can be considered a high value considering the extent of miscegenation within the Brazilian population and the sample from which the images were collected. Further studies from different samples could be helpful in establishing the validity of this model for use in real forensic cases. KEYWORDS P H O TO A N T H R O P O M E T RY; FA C I A L GEOMETRY; AGE ESTIMATION O 32-4 FORENSIC MANAGEMENT OF ARTEFACTS IN THE HUMAN IDENTIFICATION PROCESS. THE CYPRUS (COMMITTEE ON THE MISSING PERSONS IN CYPRUS) EXPERIENCE: FROM THE FIELD TO THE RELEASE OF HUMAN REMAINS Nolly Moyssi, Maria Ktori, Uyum Vehit United Nations, Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus The Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus (CMP) is a bi-communal body established in 1981 by the leaders of the Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot communities with the participation of the United Nations. The objective of CMP is to recover, identify and return to their families the remains of 2001 missing persons from the inter-communal fighting of 1963-64 and the events of 1974. So far, the remains of 1073 individuals have been exhumed, 871 have undergone anthropological analysis, and 364 Greek-Cypriots and 121 Turkish-Cypriots have been identified. The main aim of this presentation is to present the forensic management of artefacts / personal belongings within the whole process, and how they contribute to the identification of missing persons. Artefacts are present in every stage of the identification process, starting from the investigation phase and exhumation in the field until the final release of the remains to the families. Artefacts are initially encountered by the investigators during the ante-mortem data collection phase. The collected information materialises once a burial is successfully located. The procedures established result in recovering artefacts WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS PERSONAL BELONGINGS; MISSING PERSONS; IDENTIFICATION O 32-5 LAF/CEMEL PROTOCOL HELPING THE IDENTIFICATION OF MISSED PEOPLE IN RIBEIRAO PRETO - SAO PAULO/BRASIL Marco Aurelio Guimaraes1, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco1, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira1, Jose Marcelo Secchieri1, Moacyr Lobo Costa Junior1, Martin Paul Evison2 1 Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 2Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom INTRODUCTION : Forensic Anthropology is an area of knowledge that applies the methods of physical anthropology and archeology to the collection and analysis of legal evidence, looking for the establishment of the identity of a human being. The Medico Legal Center of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (CEMEL/FMRP-USP) has a Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology (LAF), established in 2005 as a partnership project with the University of Sheffield (UK) and founded by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office Global Opportunities Fund. During this project, a protocol was designed for bone analysis with an updated scientific framework applicable to the Brazilian social context thermed LAF/CEMEL. It should be emphasized that the protocol consists in a form with 20 pages, based on contingency tables, and fully bilingual (Portuguese-English) to make the international interpretation of it easier, if necessary. OBJECTIVE : Demonstrate the evolution of the cases in forensic anthropological analysis at CEMEL/FMRP-USP in 9 years applying the forensic anthropological protocol (LAF/ CEMEL), and show how this is helping to find missed people in Ribeirão Preto and region. METHODS : All Forensic Anthropology Reports (REAFs) of the cases accumulated from 2005 to 2013 were analyzed. When the bones are sent to LAF/CEMEL, they are cleaned with detergent and water only, and then they dry naturally. After this, the bones are arranged in anatomical position with the correct location and laterality. Finishing this process a full inventory of the bones and teeth of the case is done to facilitate the anthropological examination of this unknown individual. Next the bioanthropological variables are analyzed by the protocol (sex; ancestry; age; stature; handedness) including odontological findings; pathological findings and occurrence of belongings. RESULTS : This study revealed that most of the skeletons that were sent to CEMEL were incomplete, making it difficult to obtain a full profile of bioanthropological characteristics. However, it was found that the skeletons are predominantly from males, mixed race and right handed. For the variable age, it was detected the mean age from 30 to 41 years old. The average height in the studied group was between 1, 65 to 1, 75 meters. Most of the skeletons had some kind of a pathological finding, as well as dental information, and presence of belongings forwarded with the skeletons; those items can help in the identification of the disappeared ones. CONCLUSION : From 2005 to 2013, 93 cases were analyzed using the Protocol LAF/CEMEL. From this analyzed cases, 32 people were identified by this, almost 35% of the cases. Then we can say that identification cases of disappeared people in Brazil has been effective, totaling more cases identified by the laboratory than in most Forensic 367 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) and personal belongings in relation to the remains or not; the categorization and numbering of these elements will be discussed. Artefacts are transferred to the Anthropological Laboratory with the remains, where they undergo specific procedures along with a complete forensic analysis of the remains which may contribute to several aspects of the analysis, the sorting of individuals and ultimately with the final identification of the remains. The process of documentation of artefacts and personal belongings at the Lab will be presented as well. The recovered artefacts are documented during analysis, which plays an important part of the post mortem information. Those, together with the genetic results are reconciled with the ante-mortem information available of a missing person to finally proceed with the identification. The presentation will show the usefulness of the information provided by artefacts and personal belongings during this phase of the process, especially in cases where anthropological or genetic findings are insufficient to distinguish between missing persons from the same family, i.e.; brothers, sisters. Finally, after the final identification has been reached, families are notified and detailed information on the process is presented by the scientists during the Family Viewing. During this phase the impact that artefacts and personal belongings have on families will also be discussed. In conclusion, based on the experience from the CMP, it is clear that the proper forensic management of artefacts and personal belongings recovered with human remains plays an important role in the identification of missing persons, and therefore contributes to the bi-communal peace in Cyprus. WFF2014 Anthropology laboratories in the world, that have 30% mark. KEYWORDS FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; SKELETONS; IDENTIFICATION O 32-6 CASE REPORT: EVIDENCES OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS BY BRAZILIAN DICTATORSHIP IN AN UNUSUAL CASE OF WATER PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS FOR 39 YEARS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco1, Alexandre Pavan Garieri2 , Andre Ricardo Meinicke2 , Marcio Talhavini2 , Marcelo Jost2 , Jorge Marcelo Freitas2 , Renato Teodoro Ferreira Paranaiba2 , Lehi Sudy Santos2 , Sergio Britto Garcia1, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes1 1 Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 2Federal Police Department, Ministry of Justice, Brasília, Brazil INTRODUCTION : The exhumation of the remains from a former political activist (ACR) that fight against the Brazilian Dictatorship (1964-85) has been requested by the Human Rights Secretary – Presidency of the Republic. He died in 1974, supposedly in a confrontation with the police when he would have been shot by seven bullets (official version). The exhumation took place in a regular cemetery at Belo Horizonte city-MG, in August 2013, accompanied by Brazilian Federal Police. Unexpectedly, the remains were found submerged in clear water inside a zinc lined coffin in its grave. OBJECTIVE : Confirm of the identity of A.C.R. and investigate if the cause of death was really compatible with the official version of the dictatorship. METHODS : Careful draining of water was necessary before the exhumation using electric pump. Photographic registration. The remains were transferred in sealed boxes to the Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology - Medico Legal Centre, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (LAF-CEMEL/FMRP-USP) for skeletal examination and hystopathological analysis of soft tissues remains. Nuclear DNA STRs for identification, ballistics for projectile identification, metallic research on suspect gunshot wounds using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS) and subperiosteal bruises using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) were investigated by the Federal Police Department. RESULTS : Exhumation findings - the clear fresh water caused partial preservation of soft tissues, including parts 368 of the brain inside the skull. Well preserved purple-redish subperiosteal bruises could be observed in different bones. Five projectiles and two fragments were found inside the coffin. After DNA and soft tissue sampling, the bones were submitted to Forensic Anthropological examination (LAF-CEMEL protocol). Bioanthropological profile was compatible with the alleged person (male, caucasian, 20-26 y.o., height 1.69-1.78 m, right handed). The main traumatic findings were : Gunshot wounds (evidenced by the shape and/ or by residues of lead or copper, verified by SEM/EDS) in the following bones - frontal, left and right parietal, left and right temporal, right clavicle, left humerus, left and right radius, left ulna, right carpals (scaphoid, lunate and trapezium), 1st right metacarpal, ribs (1st right and 5th left), left pelvis, right femur, right tibia and right fibula. Fractures by high energy, presumed peri-mortem - right humerus, right hand phalanges (2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th proximal, and 2nd intermediate), ribs (6th and 9th left; 4th, 6th and 11th right), right pelvis, left femur. Subperiosteal bruises (containing higher levels of iron on bone surface, verified by XRF) on the right humerus, left femur, left and right tibias and metatarsals (2nd and 3rd left; 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th right). Hystopatological examination confirmed neuronal preservation in the tissues recovered from the skull. DNA profiling confirmed A.C.R. identity. From the projectiles found, ballistics revealed five 9mm and one 0.45”. CONCLUSION : The unusual preservation of the human remains in water allowed a detailed investigation of the case as evidenced by neuronal and bruises preservation. The primary cause of death was cranial trauma by gunshot wounds. The final reports concluded abuse of force and signs of gunshot execution characterizing human rights violation. KEYWORDS H U M A N R I G H T S V I O L AT I O N S ; EXHUMATION; IDENTIFICATION O 32-7 THE SEARCH FOR CLANDESTINE GRAVES OF THE DEAD AND MISSING POLITICIANS FROM ARAGUAIA/BRAZIL Alexandre Deitos1, Alana Azevedo2 , Ademir Franco4 , Rhonan Silva3 , Edgar Michel-Crosato2 , Maria Biazevic2 1 Technical-Scientific Directorate, Federal Police, São Paulo, Brazil; 2School of Dentistry (FOUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Institute of Legal Medicine, Goiás Police Force, Goiânia, Brazil; 4Forensic Odontology, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 – and various taphonomic factors – bioturbation, flooding, agricultural activities and post-burial effects : chemical and mechanical, most of the biological material exhibits degradation and poor quality. As a result, considering several limiting factors like : environment, time since burials, lack of antemortem information and poor quality of biological material – hundreds of exhumations, dozens of complete laboratory anthropological examinations and DNA tests have been done with the goal of human identification. Important aspect was the creation of a national DNA database related to the relatives of the dead and missing. KEYWORDS FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; FORENSIC ARCHAEOLOGY; HUMAN IDENTIFICATION ORAL PRESENTATION 33 TRACE EVIDENCE / FORENSIC CHEMISTRY (TEC): OTHERS O 33-1 THE POTENTIAL FIELD FOR APPLICATION OF NANOPARTICLE COLOR SENSOR TO DETECT FORENSIC TRACE EVIDENCE ON SITE AND IN REAL TIME Kang-Bong Lee1, Kown-Chul Noh2 , Yun-Sik Nam1 1 Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) Nanomaterials often display unique physical properties that are not observed in the same materials on a larger scale, and this phenomenon is called surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is influenced by the size, shape of the nanoparticles and the degree of aggregation. These characteristics of nanoparticle could be applied to detect forensic evidences such as anions, heavy metal ions, toxic chemicals, poisonous chemicals, drugs, bacteria, virus, etc. on site and in real time. These forensic chemicals can be bound to nanoparticles functionalized with specifically designed receptor and the target chemical serves as a “molecular bridge”, shortening the interparticle distance and inducing the aggregation of nanoparticles. This aggregation of nanoparticle results in a significant color change through SPR. Therefore, poisonous chemical as the forensic evidence can be detected using the nanoparticle color sensor by the naked eyes or UV- 369 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The Araguaia Combat happened in northern Brazil in the early’70s, when the Brazilian Armed Forces decimated approximately 70 combatants of Communist Party that sought to overthrow the military government. With the restoration of Brazilians’ individual rights at the early’80s there was a need to understand the way in which the mechanisms of political repression functioned. Fact exemplified by the National Truth Commission (NTC) since 2012, which aims to investigate serious human rights violations that occurred between 1946 and 1988. The search for the dead and missing people from Araguaia happens since the late’70s. A systematic search and protocols have been used since the creation of the Working Group Araguaia (WGA) in 2009 - with 22 expeditions lasting 15 days on average, until the end of 2013. It was a response of the Brazilian State to the families involved in this matter, which includes the Brazilian Human Rights Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Ministry of Defense and the National Commission of Dead and Missing Political. The forensics role of Federal Police from Brazil and others Brazilian Forensic Agencies in the search of clandestine graves resulting from human rights abuse of Brazilian dictatorship period (1964-1985) has been developed under scientific methodologies. Through a multidisciplinary approach in the burials from Araguaia region, Forensic Experts guide the search, detection and recovery of human remains through surveys, excavations, exhumations, anthropological examinations and DNA tests for the human identification. Initially the research is based upon historical records and witnesses that point the various lines of conducting the prospection. When these initial data are validated, then georeferencing is performed and the tests are conducted through geophysical technique - ground-penetrating radar, which optimizes the definition of excavation sites in the search of bones. At the stage of excavation are used field techniques observing the stratigraphic profile, space control, sketch, the search and gathering of remaining traces. To analyze the remains in the field phase are preferably used anthroposcopy techniques to perform the screening of the material collected and packaged in compliance with the chain of custody required, since the remains will travel thousands of miles to the Brazilian National Institute of Criminalistics. At the laboratory the examination extends to other physical anthropological and archaeological methods – anthropological profile, dating, injuries and analysis of evidence – beyond the biological collection for DNA testing and the production of the forensic report. It is noteworthy that due to regional climatic conditions – warm and humid WFF2014 vis spectrometer. Moreover, the absorption ratios of the modified nanoparticles in aqueous solution exhibited a linear correlation with their concentrations and the limit of detection was as low as that of sophisticated analytical instruments. Thus, the nanoparticle colorimetric sensor can shed some lights on the development in real time and on site identification method for forensic evidences. KEYWORDS FORENSIC SCIENCE; NANOPARTICLE; COLOR SENSOR residues on surface of various substance or time-dependent residues were harvested by using [Eu (Phen)2]3+-clays and surface modified nanocomposite powders, resulting in good definition for enhanced latent fingerprint detection. KEYWORDS L AT E N T F I N G E R P R I N T; PHOTOLUMINESCENT PROPERTY; NANOCOMPOSITE O 33-3 RESEARCH ON THE BRAKE MARK FOR ESTIMATION OF THE VEHICLE SPEED O 33-2 NANOFORENSIC APPLICATION : FABRICATION OF PHOTOLUMINESCENT [EU (PHEN)2]3+ -CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES WITH MULTIFUCTIONAL PROPERTIES FOR LATENT FINGERPRINT DETECTION IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Seung-Jin Ryu2 , Aran Kim1, Jin-Kyu Lee3 , Hyun Jung1 1 Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic Chemistry, NFS, Seoul, Korea (South); 3 Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) Photoluminescent [Eu (Phen)2]3+-montmorillonite/hectorite nanocomposites, fabricated from intercalation reaction, have been developed to visualize latent fingerprints. The europium (III)-phenanthroline complex (Eu-Phen complex, [Eu (Phen)2Cl2 (H2O)2]Cl•H2O) as guest material was obtained by simple complex reaction, and showed characteristic red 5D0-7F2 emission at wavelength 617 nm. Guest EuPhen complex and [Eu (Phen)2]3+-clay nanocomposites were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TG-DTA), elemental analysis (CHN/ICP-OES). Optical property of the obtained products was studied with diffuse reflectance UV-vis and fluorescence (PL) spectroscopy. Although the characteristic red emission are maintained even after intercalation, the luminescence intensity of [Eu (Phen)2]3+-hectorite was much higher than that of montmorillonite one due to the suppression of emission by quenching impurities such as iron in the montmorillonite host clay. And also, for the purpose of using in latent fingerprint detection, the interaction between hydrophilic [Eu (Phen)2]3+-clay nanocomposite and hydro-/ organophilic finger mark residues should be improved. Thus, the present work provides an alternative routine for preparing organophilic surface of clay nanocomposite by silylation with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). Fingerprint 370 Shaoyou Pan Department of Traffic Accident Investigation, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China Objective Tire impressions on the road are common trace in traffic accident investigation, which could be divided into different segments according to the depth of color on the paved road. The gray part and black part which emerged in braking process of vehicle are usually called brake mark. Because the length of brake marks are important to estimation the vehicle speed, this research which base on vehicle dynamics concentrated on how the brake mark formed and what conditions influenced on the formation. Methods By computer simulation, there were two significant factors, vehicle speed and wheel load, that would affect the formation of the brake mark. Therefore a system was set up to collect different data in the vehicle test, such as rotational speed of wheels, vehicle speed, pitch angle, brake pedal force, etc. The system also combined two high-speed cameras which recorded tire impressions of both front and rear wheels. Many sets of experiment were performed with a truck which had no ABS system in different speed and load conditions. After treating the video by the analysis method of gray level difference, all data of vehicle tests integrated with the computer simulation could draw conclusions. Results This research proved that larger the load of vehicle was, harder the brake mark was identified in the same condition. The center of vehicle gravity moved forward with the brake force increasing. If the vehicle had no brake force distribution system, the rear wheels would be more prefer to get locking than the front. The formation of the brake mark was related with the wheel slip ratio. Conclusion The vehicle speed could be estimated according to the length of brake marks by appropriate methods. If the wheel slip ratio of the accident vehicle was measured in the braking test, the speed of vehicle could be calculated more accuracy. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS BRAKE MARK; SLIP RATIO; VEHICLE SPEED O 33-4 A STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT KIND OF SHOES UPON GAIT FEATURES IN FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION Yao Li Department of Trace Examination Techology, National Police University of China, Shen Yang, China it is indicated that there is much change in plantar pressure conditions when the same person walks in different kind of shoes. Accordingly we conclude that gait features in footwear impressions reflected are different when the same person wears different kind of shoes, to which we should pay attention while making an inspection of gait features. KEYWORDS G A I T F E AT U R E S I N F O O T W E A R IMPRESSIONS; PLANTAR PRESSURE; INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT KIND OF SHOES O 33-5 INEXPENSIVE PARTICLE IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR FORENSIC SOIL DISCRIMINATION OF SAND FRACTION Ritsuko Sugita, Hiromi Itamiya Third Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan Grain size distribution is one of the important properties of sediments and considered as a useful indicator in forensic soil discrimination. It gradually changes in soil so that different soil samples show different features even though they are prepared with the same size sand fractions by sieving. Therefore, it is impossible to quantify detailed distribution of the above indicator even by experienced examiners, except for comparison of content ratio of a certain fraction to bulk sample between samples. However, there’re expensive specialized instruments for particle analysis, which are well equipped to measure shape factors of each grain, providing quantified distribution on multiple factors. Although usefulness of such devices have been emphasized by forensic scientists, simple and inexpensive methods are also necessary to prove the objectiveness of observation. In this study, a free software “ImageJ” was used to analyze shape factors to provide quantified results as an inexpensive method. Thin sections of sand samples, whose grain size were approximately from 0.2 to 1 mm by sieving, were prepared and photographed with transmitted light by a slide scanner SCAMERA MIDnano Scope 3 (Newly, Japan). The images were binarized and analyzed by ImageJ. Grain diameter was represented by length of “Breadth”, which is defined as the largest axis perpendicular to the largest axis of a grain image. It could easily classify samples into several groups, indicating that this factor may be the most consistent observation among available factors. Another efficient shape factor was “Sphericity”, which is defined to be MinR/MaxR where MinR and MaxR are the radii of the inscribed and the 371 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Some criminal suspects threw away or destroyed their shoes which they wore when they committed a crime, and it is impossible to establish the identity between a footwear impression on the crime scene and the shoes they wore when they committed the crime. However one’s habits of walking motion are unlikely to be changed within a short period of time; and we can well establish the identity of a criminal suspect, who left its footwear impression, by use of gait features in footwear impressions, namely walking habits and features reflected by the footwear impression, which will provide a powerful evidence for legal action. Yet there is a problem which has been puzzling inspectors if there will be any obvious change in one’s gait features in footwear impressions between the same person walking barefoot and wearing different shoes, and if the results of examination will be obviously affected? In the article by use of the random sampling method, we took samples from men being in good health and walking normally without any injury of joint for each of them to walk normally on the Footscan, analytic system of plantar pressure measurement when they were respectively barefoot, wore the same kind of gym shoes (with air cushions in the heels of shoes), and wore conventionally leather shoes. More than 1, 500 copies of the plantar pressure data were collected. It is found that the feature combination of plantar pressure parameters of the same person while walking barefoot or wearing the same kind of shoes may be always distributed to the same category by making a discriminatory analysis of a great deal of the experimental data above mentioned; however, the feature combination of plantar pressure parameters of the same person while wearing different kind of shoes is distributed to respectively different categories. That is to say, the plantar pressure feature parameters are relatively of stability when the same person is walking in the same kind of shoes, and there are obviously some differences in the plantar pressure feature parameters when the same person is walking in different kind of shoes. Furthermore WFF2014 enclosing circles centered at the center of mass, respectively. The combination of these two factors provided satisfactory result relevant to the description by microscopic observation. In is concluded that the established particle analysis using ImageJ can be applied to digital imaging of sand grains without slide scanner such as stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. KEYWORDS FORENSIC SOIL EXAMINATION; PARTICLE ANALYSIS; IMAGEJ O 33-6 INVESTIGATION OF METALLIC GSR AND GSR NITRITES IN BYSTANDERS UP TO 1 METER SPATIAL DISTANCE FROM FIRING HANDS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Dr. Dimpna Dulay Chemistry, NBI, Davao City, Philippines Studies on the analysis of gunshot residues (GSR) in the hands or clothing of the person who fired a gun, on an entrance wound of a victim, or on target materials at the scene have established the presence of major primer elements such as lead (Pb), barium (Ba), or antimony (Sb). But this study is focused on mere bystanders to a shooting incident or on people who have not participated in the shooting incident whether they will be contaminated with metallic GSR or GSR nitrites within 1 meter spatial radius. In the analysis, two methods were used. First, the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was applied in determining the presence of metallic GSR particularly Lead (Pb), Antimony (Sb), Barium (Ba) in the dorsal aspects of the left and right hands of the bystanders subjects. Next, the old method of paraffin testing was employed to verify if there is consistency in the findings that if Metallic GSR is absent, GSR nitrites are also absent. Results showed the absence of metallic GSR in the spatial distance of 1 meter from the firing hands using AAS. There are also no GSR nitrites found in the paraffin casts using Diphenylamine tests. Absence of both Metallic GSR and GSR nitrites would show a high probability that the person did not fire a gun. KEYWORDS 372 GSR NITRITES; METALLIC GSR; GSR ORAL PRESENTATION 34 CYBER FORENSIC / DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA SCIENCE (CF/DMS): CYBER FORENSICS O 34-1 CLOUDTRACKER: A NOVEL FORENSICS TRACKING SCHEME FOR ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS APPLICATIONS Pei-Ying Chang1, Feng-Yu Lin2 1 Forensic Science Center, New Taipei City Police Department, New Taiepi City, Taiwan; 2Electronic Surveillance Division, Criminal Investigation Bureau, Taipei City, Taiwan In recent years, with significant changes in the communication modes, most users are diverted to cloudbased applications, especially On line Social Networks (OSNs), which applications are mostly hosted on the outside and available to criminals, enabling them to impede criminal investigations and intelligence gathering. In the virtual world, how the Law Enforcement Agency (LEA) identifies the “actual” identity of criminal suspects, and their Geolocation in social networks, is a major challenge to current digital investigation. In view of this, this paper proposes a scheme, based on the concepts of IP location and Network Forensics, which aims to develop forensics tracking on Online Social Networks. According to our empirical analysis, the proposed mechanism can instantly trace the “physical location” of a targeted service resource identifier (SRI), when the target client is using online Social Network applications (Facebook, Twitter, etc.), and can analyze the probable target client “identity” associatively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first individualized location method and architecture developed and evaluated in OSNs. DIGITAL INVESTIGATION; NETWORK FORENSICS; ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS (OSNS) KEYWORDS O 34-2 CLOUD STORAGE APPLICATION- A SECURITY THREAT Vinay Singh1, Afreen Tarannum1, Meenakshi Mahajan2 , Arun Sharma3 1 Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Department of Forensic Science, Allahabad, India; 2Home, Regional Forensic Scince Laboratory, NR, Dharamshala, India; 3Home, State Forensic Scince Laboratory, WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Shimla Hills, Junga, India In the olden days, storage of data includes the maintenance of large books & files and preparation of inventory. The advent of technology has facilitated the storage of important files and documents on digital storage devices such as hard drives and flash drives, etc. thereby eliminating cost for availability and protection. Dropbox is an innovative application in which user can store the data on cloud storage - a model of data storage where the digital data is stored in logical pools. Cloud storage gives a person flexibility of accessing any files anywhere, without even carrying them physically. Even the privacy of all important documents, files, pictures, videos etc. stored on cloud storage is assured to be safeguarded by the hosting companies. But, the criminals are still able to access a number of Dropbox accounts. This paper is an attempt to portray the potential threats to the cloud based storage application and preventive measures that can be taken to secure the privacy of data. KEYWORDS DROPBOX; CLOUD STORAGE; DIGITAL DATA O 34-3 INFERRING ACTION INSTANCES WITH LIMITED INFORMATION Automated event reconstruction systems normally focus the detection of known actions based on some prior knowledge. For example, signatures can be used to describe a causal relation between a known action and the resulting traces. However, some knowledge of the occurrence of actions in a system may possibly be determined if the particular action, and therefore specific traces, are unknown beforehand. This inference of unknown actions still uses the causal relation between an action and its resulting traces, but in a highly generic way. The inference is based on the given model that states for any object to exist in a system, some event must have caused the object to exist. If the object is observed and the object’s associated meta-data has been updated beyond the creation time, some action must have updated the object. Based on these properties, two methods are proposed for generically determining action instances : location-based and clustering-based generic action detection. This talk will discuss challenges and opportunities with the proposed generic-action approaches. O 34-4 ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN IMPROVING POLICEPUBLIC RELATIONSHIP: A HYPOTHESIS Vinay Singh1, Meenakshi Mahajan2 , Vaibhav Saran1, Afreen Tarannum1, Arun Sharma3 1 Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Department of Forensic Science, Allahabad, India; 2Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, NR, Dharamshala, India; 3Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India Human being the most primitive species on the planet have always been in groups & hence socializing has been a very important factor, to communicate with each other. Recently, with the advancements in the communication technology, the social media has deep rooted into professional as well as personnel life of an individual. The social media, supported by web-based or mobile based technology affords an opportunity amongst individuals/ communities/organizations to exchange ideas, share thoughts within a blink of eye. Being inexpensive & easily accessible, the use of social media is more and more popular, has high impact and high potential of individuals’ control. The law enforcement agencies via social media are finding ways and means to disseminate to the public. This paper is an sincere effort to review why the police agencies of major cities like Kerala, in India, has observed that the communities expect to have an online presence of these agencies on social platform viz. Twitter, Face book, YouTube, etc. KEYWORDS L AW E N F O R C E M E N T A G E N C I E S ; TECHNOLOGY; SOCIAL MEDIA O 34-5 CONFRONTING CYBER CRIME IN CYBER CAFE BY REGULATING ACCESS TO INTERNET Nadia Khadam1, Zeeshan Pervez2 1 Law, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2School of Computing, University of The West of Scotland, Scotland, United Kingdom After the advent of the internet, whole new online world is created and traditional cafes some turned into cyber cafes 373 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Joshua James Graduate School of Forensic Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea (South) DIGITAL FORENSICS; AUTOMATIC EVENT RECONSTRUCTION; GENERIC ACTION DETECTION KEYWORDS WFF2014 where anyone can come and have the facility of internet for limited or unlimited period by giving some charges to the owners of the cyber cafes. Gradually internet use increased, which resultantly increased the rate of cyber crime. As, world was not ready for these circumstances, these crimes made huge loss to the world of different levels. Then regulation of this crime was started. While combating with cybercrimes many hurdles are seen regarding the location of the criminal, later it was solved through IP address. But another challenge which was faced by the law enforcement agencies was when any crime was done while using internet from any cyber café. Because in this situation, person may escape as very rarely cyber cafes are managed and regulated to keep the data of the user. Later cyber cafes were regulated like in Pakistan and India but that is again not beneficial because still the powers and authorities are with the owners of the cyber cafes. This paper proposes an infrastructure to regulate the cyber cafes and access to internet through central authority of the State. The system proposed the internet access regulatory authority to work with the help of telecom sector by using SIM cards to give the permission to the user to access internet at any cyber café. KEYWORDS CYBER CAFE; CYBER CRIME; COMPUTER IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) O 34-6 WINNOWING MULTIHASHING STRUCTURE PAYLOAD ATTRIBUTION FOR NETWORK FORENSICS lots of resource in order to store huge quantity of network traffics data. The recording the raw network traffic, which may include users’ emails and accounts, commercial data of enterprises and confidential material of the government, may exhibit severe privacy violation problems. Payload refers to the actual content of a data transmission, that is, the actual data sent by the packets from the source to the destination. Payload is the part of the transmitted data that is the fundamental purpose of the transmission. Payload attribution is the procedure to identify the source and destination of all packets occurring in the network with specific excerpt, which is a vital process in network forensics. To perform payload attribution, an efficient data structure is needed to store the collected payloads, as well as support efficient query processing for identification and analysis about the stored payloads. We present here an efficient data structure to store the payload efficiently, and to support efficient query processing. Based on an existing payload attribution data structure which uses Bloom Filters, we propose a novel data structure called Multihashing Structure with Wildcard Query (WMS+WQ). Our proposed data structure supports wildcard queries and has higher data reduction ratios as well as lower false positive rates. The proposed data structure WMS+WQ is used to implement the Payload Attribution System (PAS), which is able to identify source, destination and the emerging times of all packets containing specific payload segment. The PAS is able to determine the attackers as well as victims in network security incidents. The proposed methods can be used for network forensics analysis in large networks. Fei Xu, Xiaojun Chen, Yichen Wei, Jinqiao Shi, Xin Wen National Engineering Laboratory for Information Security Technologies, Institute of Information Engineering, CAS, Beijing, China KEYWORDS N E T W O R K F O R E N S I C ; PAY L O A D ATTRIBUTION; WINNOWING MULTIHASHING STRUCTURE With the rapid development of Internet, today’s network application systems are used widely. These systems are affecting every aspect of people’s daily life with the direct consequence of increasing in cybercrime. Network forensics techniques by tracing back from the victim to the attacker based on network traffic data are a well-known technique today. On the other hand, it is not possible to record all network traffic in today’s network. By investigating samples of network traffics, it is possible that some important evidence may be missing and the real identity of the attacker could not be identified. Moreover, for a new type of cybercrime, e.g. a new virus, its signature is not yet identified and the investigator may need several weeks or even months of network traffic to support investigation. It also requires O 34-7 374 A NEW METHOD FOR QUICK DETECTION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHIC VIDEOS AT CRIME SCENES Pedro Eleuterio, Mateus Polastro Forensics Departament, Brazilian Federal Police, Campo Grande/ms, Brazil Nowadays, it is very easy to produce images and videos in high resolution. However, some people use cameras and camcorders to produce illegal content related to child pornography. With the ease of the Internet, people around the world can share and have access to these illegal files. The laws of many countries regulate that the possession of child WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 CHILD PORNOGRAPHY DETECTION; VIDEO FRAME EXTRACTION; DIGITAL CRIME SCENE ANALYSIS KEYWORDS O 34-8 RESEARCH ON THE DECRYPTION METHOD FOR ARTIFACTS OF MESSENGER APP Youngdae Koh, Changha Lee, Kyungsu Lee, Hyunsoo Kim Technical Assistance, GMDsystem Inc., Seoul, Korea (South) Ubiquitous Internet connectivity of mobile device accelerates the evolution of computing environment from wired PCbased to wireless mobile Smartphone. The artifacts of Smartphone apps, especially the message data of messenger app are already becoming a crucial evidence for various cases. To protect user’s private data, mobile messenger vendors began to encrypt the conversation as well as user information and decrypting these data is getting an essential field in the digital forensics. In this paper, we present an overview of reverse engineering techniques for mobile apps including Android and iOS and describe the encryption procedures widely used by the vendors and the decryption methods for the encrypted messages. KEYWORDS M E S S A G E E N C RY P T I O N ; M O B I L E FORENSICS; SMART PHONE IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) pornographic files is a heinous crime. Consequently, forensic analysis is being increasingly required to prove the existence of this content. The identification of these file types at crime scenes can bring great benefits such as immediate arrest of a pedophile and the correct selection of the digital material to be seized. To help the forensic examiners to identify child pornographic files at crime scenes, the NuDetective Forensic Tool, a free tool for law-enforcement, was prior developed. It uses techniques such pixel and shape analysis to automatic detect human nudity images, searches for suspect filenames that may contain typical expressions related to child pornography, and also uses hash values to find known files. Furthermore, in a previous work, the authors also developed a strategy to identify videos of child pornography, based on the extraction of a fixed number of sample frames in each video to be analyzed. In this scenario, the authors have studied ways to improve the Video Analysis feature provided by NuDetective, creating a new adaptive approach to identify videos of child pornography automatically, based in frame extraction. With experiments with 181 videos of child pornography, the authors empirically calculate the cutoff point of 65.3%, which indicates the minimum percentage of nudity frames a video must have to be classified as child pornography. After that, new experiments were conducted to determine a new formula to determine the number of frames to be sampled in each video, based on the NuDetective image nudity algorithm. The logarithmic function was chosen because it can map the following assumptions : the number of samples must vary with the video size/duration; the number of samples cannot grow in the same proportion of the video size/duration, and; videos with a high number of frames or too long should not reflect significantly in the runtime of the NuDetective. The experiments empirically determine the best values for the constants in the logarithmic equation, considering runtime and success rate detection. Thus, a new equation was proposed : y = roundup (3log10 (x/fps)), where x is the total number of frames of the video, fps the temporal resolution of the video, and y the rounded up number of video frames to be sampled. The proposed new formula achieved detection rates around 87% and runtime of 1.14 seconds per video (in average). The new method reduced the runtime in 45% compared with the previous approach and achieved little improvement in the detection rates. Precision and recall values were 85.7% and 87.3%, respectively. An experiment with a seized hard disk drive was also conducted and proved that the new approach can be used to identify child pornographic videos quickly at crime scenes. 375 WFF2014 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSION O 56-1 O 56-2 DELIVERY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES IN NORTH AMERICA: TWO CONCEPTUAL MODELS FORENSIC SCIENCE POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES Victor W. Weedn, MD, JD George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Calls for forensic science reforms culminated in the 2009 National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward. The executive and legislative branches of the U.S. federal government have responded. The Senate Judiciary Committee has been working on legislation with the input of the forensic science community for the past few years and, at the time of this writing, is anticipated to introduce a bill that would establish a new Office of Forensic Science (OFS) within the Department of Justice. A Forensic Science Board (FSB) within the OFS would oversee a set of forensic science discipline-specific committees. If passed, this would constitute the first general regulation of forensic science in the U.S. Meanwhile, the White House established a Subcommittee on Forensic Science that oversaw a series of Interagency Working Groups. After significant delay, the products of these groups are being published. A National Commission on Forensic Science was established and first met in February 2014. This body is thought to be a temporary policy study group. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which is in the U.S. Department of Commerce, has proposed an Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) to replace most Scientific Working Groups, which had previously been funded by the Federal Bureau of Investigation but no longer are. A Forensic Science Standards Board (FSSB) will oversee Scientific Area Committees (SACs) that will in turn oversee sets of subcommittees. NIST intends that the OSAC Code of Practice will be established and be accepted by national consensus standards. However, NIST hopes to hand off the OSAC to a professional association in three to five years so it would truly be a creature of the forensic science community, but funding in the out years appears to be problematic. Regardless, it is clear there is great motion and change afoot in forensic science policy in the U.S. FORENSIC SCIENCE REFORMS; OFFICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE; FORENSIC SCIENCE BOARD KEYWORDS 376 Douglas Lucas, MSc, DSc1, Barry Fisher, MS, MBA; IAFS Past Presidents2 1 Burlington, Ontario, Canada; 2Indio, CA, United States In 2009, The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in the United States issued a report about the state of the forensic sciences in the United States following a wide-ranging, threeyear study by a specially appointed committee.1 One of the issues studied was “The Structure and Operation of Forensic Science Laboratories” for which they found “great disparities among existing operations,” “extreme disaggregation,” “the fragmented nature of the forensic science community,” and the need to “minimize the current fragmentation and inconsistent practices” and to “upgrade the systems and organizational structures.” One of the NAS recommendations was “…removing all public laboratories and facilities from the administrative control of law enforcement agencies or prosecutors’ offices.” Following a meeting convened by the Laurel and John Arnold Foundation of Houston, Texas, to discuss projects that a private foundation might sponsor to attempt to make “transformative change” in the forensic sciences in the United States, one of the proposals was the conceptualization of an “ideal” forensic science delivery system that would be capable of providing uniformly high-quality services in all the required forensic disciplines to all appropriate clients in a specific jurisdiction and at a realistic cost.1 A small group of highly experienced forensic scientists have attempted to do this with only limited success—“limited” in part because of lack of consensus on whether a law enforcement agency is the appropriate place for such a system to reside. This session will consist of two presentations which will discuss some of the issues considered. One will present the arguments in support of a law enforcement agency as the proper residence and the other will propose some alternatives. Reference: 1Laura and John Arnold Foundation. www.arnoldfoundation. org KEYWORDS NAS REPORT; FORENSIC SCIENCE; LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 56-3 THE FUTURE RELATIONSHIP OF LAW AND FORENSIC SCIENCE: A COLLABORATIVE MODEL Carol Henderson, JD Stetson University, Gulfport, FL, United States KEYWORDS LAW; FORENSIC SCIENCE; KNOWLEDGE DELIVERY O 56-4 ERROR REPORTING: REPLACING BLAME WITH SOLUTIONS Steven D. Benjamin, JD, Betty Layne DesPortes, JD, MS Benjamin & DesPortes, PC, Richmond, VA, United States This presentation will discuss the goals and types of errorreporting systems that can be used in forensic science laboratories. Discussion will focus on whether the “culture of safety” dynamic supporting such error-reporting systems in other fields can be transformed into a “culture of science” dynamic to support error reporting systems in the forensic science community. The obstacles to using the nonpunitive systems (which provide anonymity for reporters) in which results are introduced in legal proceedings will also be discussed. The forensic science community is united in its commitment to perform good science and to get correct results. We accept that error occurs; all humans make mistakes. However, we strive to remove error from our procedures to improve forensic science services because accurate results are needed. In many other professional fields, the trend has been toward nonfault or nonpunitive error reporting to maximize data collection on errors. These fields include aviation, air traffic control, and various medical services. The stated goal in those fields has been to promote a “culture of safety” that seeks to increase reporting to prevent recurrences of errors and to generate information that could expose greater dangers. These systems shield reporters from any adverse or punitive consequences for reporting the mistakes and for making the mistakes. The systems apply to unintentional errors only; intentional errors can still lead to adverse consequences. Safety advocates have long touted the benefits of nonpunitive systems to increase information that will lead to systematic improvements in procedures and the overall quality of services. With the provision of forensic science services, maximizing the information about errors would seem to be a worthwhile 377 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) The relationship between law and science was aptly described by Harvard professor Sheila Jasanoff as both an essential alliance and a reluctant embrace. Much has changed in forensic science and law and their relationship since she published that statement in Science at the Bar in 1995. There has been a long-standing adversarial relationship between forensic science and the law. This presentation will discuss why a collaborative model is advantageous to both disciplines and the justice system. In the United States, there has been some movement toward a more collaborative model between the science, technology, and law disciplines as evidenced by the work of the American Bar Association’s Section of Science & Technology Law, the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, the White House Office of Science and Technology Subcommittee on Forensic Science, the National Commission on Forensic Sciences, the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) Organization of Scientific Area Committees, and other governmental and professional associations. There is also much movement in this area by international associations and governmental agencies worldwide. While all these efforts are moving forward, we cannot ignore the fact that we are all facing dwindling resources and pleas for more practical solutions to ongoing problems. The nexus of science and technology is shifting where innovation and invention take place. Law has a role in this interplay. For example, while great advances have been made in the science of digital evidence, the admissibility of the many forms of such evidence is still being debated. The role of the law may come into play when there is a new application of well-known techniques, such as the expertise of forensic scientists being sought by those who are not the usual consumers of such services. An example can be seen in today’s art community, which increasingly looks to science to solve questions of authenticity and provenance. There is a continuing need for greater communication, interdisciplinary training, and collaborative research between the legal and scientific disciplines. A greater effort to share knowledge and deliver accurate information quickly and efficiently to both communities must be made. Our collective knowledge must be organized in ways that are useful to practical and theoretical scholars and which allow access to many. Innovation is required; creativity needs to be combined with analytical rigor to move our fields forward in the laboratory as well as the courtroom to ensure justice. Industry must also be involved. We are certain to have continuing challenges in the fields of science and law, but these challenges can be more readily overcome by a collaborative, not adversarial, approach. WFF2014 endeavor. However, is implementing nonpunitive reporting systems the right step for forensic science facilities and can a nonpunitive reporting system work in forensic science laboratories? KEYWORDS E R R O R R E P O R T I N G S Y S T E M S ; NONPUNITIVE SYSTEM; CULTURE OF SAFETY O 56-5 AN ATTORNEY’S VIEW OF BITEMARK ADMISSIBILITY IN UNITED STATES COURTS AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Stuart A. Caplan, DDS1, Howard Kaufman, MD2 1 University of Tennessee School of Dentistry, Memphis, TN, United States; 2Boca Raton, FL, United States Admissibility of bitemark (BM) evidence requires an understanding of the rules of evidence. In the United States, issues of fact are determined in federal district courts by judges and in lower courts by juries or judges. Admissibility of scientific evidence about facts is governed by the Federal Rules of Evidence and by the Supreme Court case of Daubert and its progeny. Most states follow federal law. Trial courts allow testimony of scientific experts to explicate scientific issues. Such experts are presumed to have unique understanding of scientific facts; therefore, not only can they testify to such facts but also express their opinion on issues such facts raise. However, cases are based on disagreement between experts for each side. Reasons for such disagreements vary. The experts may interpret or question facts differently, have unconscious personal biases, construct interpretations to suit the lawyers that employ them, or the issue may not be settled. The question is how judges and juries can resolve such disagreements. The initial problem is what evidence to allow into the discussion. In the Supreme Court case of Daubert (1993), the Court established the current standard for expert evidence to be admitted. It must be “relevant” and it must be “reliable,” that is, based on “scientific knowledge.” Rule 702, amended after these cases, now provides that testimony must be helpful and must: (1) be based on sufficient facts or data; (2) be the product of reliable principles and methods; and, (3) apply the principles and methods to the facts. Judges are the “gatekeepers” who determine who is an expert, that to which they can testify, and what testimony is relevant and accurate. The problem is that, in general, judges do not have scientific training. Judges are permitted to obtain their own experts; however, 378 this essentially means this expert, rather than the judge, acts as the gatekeeper, and this is not appropriate. Many innovations have been proposed. Judges could be trained in science. Such judges could be dispersed among courts to hear cases with scientific issues, or special “science courts” could be established for cases with scientific issues. Courts could compile a list of experts for parties to use. Penalties could be imposed for improper testimony. Already, experts are being expelled from professional organizations for improper testimony which compromises their credibility, although they have sued for reinstatement. BM evidence is problematic since skin can be deformed or even torn during the bite and secondary changes such as inflammation and fibrosis may distort the marks. However, BM evidence can, at times, be reliable. BM evidence consistently revealed the unique tooth arrangement of Ted Bundy and confirmed his identification. Arch width measurement may indicate whether the biter was an adult or a child. It is necessary to establish protocols for gathering and analyzing BM evidence and the circumstances in which BM evidence will satisfy the standards for admissibility. BITEMARK EVIDENCE; DAUBERT; EXPERT EVIDENCE KEYWORDS O 56-6 THE NAS REPORT: A PATH FORWARD FOR STRENGTHENING FORENSIC SCIENCE IN THE WORLD? Duarte N. Vieira, PhD, MD Full Professor of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences University of Coimbra; President of the European Council of Legal Medicine; Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court Coimbra, Portugal Nobody today doubts the enormous potential of forensic sciences and its fundamental importance for the proper administration of justice. Nobody will contest that however good the laws, the courts or the quality of the magistrates of a country, justice can only reach levels of excellence if it can count on forensic services that provide a highly qualified scientific support in judicial decisions. The report of the USA National Academy of Sciences, published in 2009 and entitled "Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward", has provided valuable insights and enumerate a set of recommendations WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 which could serve for a substantial forensic development and improvement in this country. Although aimed at the American reality many of the points made in this report, as well as most of its recommendations, have a universal application. Many of them are fully applicable in other geographic areas, even in all continents. However, and interestingly, the NAS report still remains in ignorance of many of forensic practitioners from around the world and even by many of the main responsible for public forensic expert services of many countries. It is undisputed that very significant steps have been taken in many regions of the world to promote the improvement of the quality of the forensic expert services. But it is equally indisputable that much, but even much, remains to be done. The world is a mosaic of different realities, with enormous differences at several levels: economic, social, cultural, political, legal, geographical, etc. Different realities that also occur at the level of medico-legal and forensic systems and organizations in many countries, and sometimes even inside the same country. This presentation addresses the need to envisage the adoption of various recommendations of the NAS Report at a global scale and how it can contribute to a real improvement in the application of justice at a worldwide level. KEYWORDS NAS REPORT; FORENSIC SYSTEMS; FORENSIC STRENGTHENING EVALUATING A BOSNIAN WAR CRIMINAL FOR THE WORLD COURT IN THE HAGUE Daniel A. Martell, PhD Park Dietz & Associates, Newport Beach, CA, United States This presentation sets forth a first-hand account of an assignment from the United Nations’ International Court of Justice in The Hague to evaluate the competency of a Bosnian war criminal to participate in an appeal of his case. The history and role of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in this context will also be described. An orientation to the 1995 “ethnic cleansing” and genocide in the town of Srebrenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina will be provided. This mass murder involved the killing of more than 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys by members of the Army of the Serbian Republic and the mass expulsion of another 25,000–30,000 Bosnian Muslim civilians. In addition, according to the ICTY indictment, victims endured KEYWORDS THE HAGUE; BOSNIAN WAR CRIMINAL; COMPETENCY EVALUATION O 56-8 CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Henry C. Lee, PhD Forensic Research & Training Center, West Haven, CT, United 379 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) O 56-7 unlawful confinement, murder, rape, sexual assault, torture, beating, robbery, and inhumane treatment; the targeting of political leaders, intellectuals, and professionals; the unlawful deportation and transfer of civilians; the unlawful shelling of civilians; the unlawful appropriation and plunder of real and personal property; the destruction of homes and businesses; and the destruction of places of worship. The procedural history of the instant case will be discussed, with a focus on the international criminal-legal mental health standards for competency to pursue appeals in this context. In addition, the issues leading to the referral for a forensic neuropsychological examination in the case will be discussed. This will include a review of the relevant a priori medical and forensic psychiatric findings in the case and the issues that arose therefrom, driving the need for this assignment. The logistics of arranging travel, accommodations, security, the examination location, and coordination with international attorneys and United Nations (UN) representatives will be presented, including what happens when one’s luggage gets lost in Serbia. Insights with regard to maintaining objectivity and professional neutrality in such emotionally charged circumstances will also be shared. Specific challenges encountered during the assignment will be explored, including: (1) cross-cultural issues in conducting the forensic neuropsychological examination; (2) addressing reliability and validity concerns through selection of culturefree test instruments and measures; (3) issues of literal language translation; and, (4) interdisciplinary consultation with experts from other countries. Findings from the examination will then be summarized. This will include personal observations and a phenomenological account of the examination itself, as well as a discussion of how the results from the neuropsychological test battery were directly related to the issues of trial competency before the Court. Finally, the process of report writing and communication of findings to the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia will be discussed, together with the Appeals Chamber’s decision and the outcome of the case. WFF2014 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) States Contemporary law enforcement has greatly expanded its ability to solve crimes by the adoption of new surveillance techniques and forensic procedures. Today’s crimes are most often solved by analysis of image recordings, digital evidence, and forensic evidence. The work of forensic scientists is not only crucial in criminal investigation, but also vital for civil litigation, major man-made or natural disasters, and the investigation of global crime. However, the success of analysis of forensic evidence is based on a system that focuses on teamwork, advanced investigative skills, and the ability to process a crime scene properly, recognizing, collecting, and preserving all relevant physical evidence and information. Crime scene investigation is much more than just processing or documentation of crime scenes, nor is it just the collection or packaging of the physical evidence. It is the first and most crucial step of any forensic investigation. The foundation of all forensic investigations is based on the ability of the crime scene investigator or forensic scientist to recognize the potential physical evidence, large or small, visible or latent, exculpatory or inculpatory, at the crime scene. The subsequent identification of the physical evidence along with determination of the possible source or origin of the evidence, that is, its individualization, are the next steps in the forensic investigatory process. Proper crime scene investigation is the starting point for the process of establishing what has happened, when and where it happened, who is involved and why, and how it occurred. Of course, careful processing, documentation, and collection of physical evidence are integral parts of the “investigation process” and crime scene reconstruction. If the potential physical evidence was not recognized, collected, or properly preserved, the forensic value of this piece of evidence is lost. Despite available current crime scene technologies, specialized equipment, and personnel, the integrity of the forensic services system and the effective utilization of physical evidence in crime solving are only as good as the integrity of the crime scene investigator and the objective legal system that supports those functions. Routine and high-profile cases will be used to demonstrate the methods and techniques in crime scene reconstruction. KEYWORDS C R I M E S C E N E R E C O N S T R U C T I O N ; FORENSIC PROCEDURES; FORENSIC INVESTIGATION 380 O 56-9 THE EXAMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL FORENSIC EVIDENCE ON EXHIBITS AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Jane Moira Taupin, MA Forensic Consultant, Melbourne, Australia This presentation will describe how physical evidence on exhibits associated with a criminal case involves the analysis and consideration of multiple factors. Attendees will understand that the evaluation of body fluid stains and biological trace matter is more than DNA analysis. The attendee will understand that an examination of an exhibit is not a “screening” process but one that depends on the scientific method. The introduction of sensitive DNA profiling techniques has meant that DNA profiles can be obtained from items where there is no visible staining and no biological matter can be associated with the DNA. The proposition of direct or indirect transfer of the DNA may be problematic. Information may be lost when the context is lost because items are simply swabbed or scraped to collect the trace debris. Rigorous sampling decisions ensure that any subsequent testing is relevant and useful. At this point of examination, many important decisions are made that may have an impact on any later analyses or conclusions. The examination of an exhibit should proceed through multiple hypotheses and alternative explanations. Different agencies may be involved at each stage of the analysis and there is a potential for fragmentation of the results. The problems inherent in a cohesive narrative of scientific results will be discussed. KEYWORDS BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; EXHIBITS; SCIENTIFIC METHOD O 56-10 LIKELIHOOD RATIOS IN SUB-OPTIMAL DNA PROFILES Jane Moira Taupin, MA Forensic Consultant, Melbourne, Australia This goal of this presentation is to provoke discussion on the necessary caveats and measures required when using the likelihood ratio as weight of evidence in sub-optimal DNA profiles. It will present a perspective on the likelihood ratio as viewed recently in criminal cases and in literature. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 The discovery that merely touching an object may result in a DNA profile has revolutionized the way investigations are conducted and interpreted when considering biological evidence in criminal cases. This discovery has also led to a desire to obtain information from ever-smaller amounts of sample and to attempt to determine a contributor profile from an unresolved DNA mixture from two or more people. Statistical analyses using the likelihood ratio, a measure of the weight of the evidence, have recently been implemented in the court system in Australia. Very large likelihood ratios, in the order of billions, have been presented as evidence for low level and/or unresolved mixture DNA profiles. A likelihood ratio may have different meanings and very different values in different contexts. The hypotheses proposed in likelihood ratios for mixture profiles evaluate scenarios as to whether or not the person of interest is a contributor. This is a different concept from weight of evidence obtained from single-source, optimal DNA profiles where source probability is the aim. Problems and potential solutions will be discussed. KEYWORDS FORENSIC DNA PROFILES; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; SUB-OPTIMAL DNA O 56-11 COLD SEASON FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL MODEL ON ROMANIAN URBAN TERRITORY Although forensic entomology is not used as a valid method for postmortem interval establishment in Romania, this study attempted to acquire area-specific data on the dynamics of insect species in this country, using a forensic experimental model. Moreover, forensic microbiology, representing a relatively novel discipline worldwide, gathered very scarce information on bacterial dynamics during the decomposition process. Therefore, the succession pattern of bacterial communities from the carcass tissues was investigated, providing novel insight for future development of a complementary tool in criminal investigations. In this context, the study strove to acquire pioneering forensic data for the Romanian specific range by identifying the succession of necrophagous insect species, combined with complementary data on the microbial diversity dynamics KEYWORDS FORENSICS; COLD SEASON; INSECTS; BACTERIA; ROMANIA 381 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Lavinia Iancu, MS1, Cristina Purcarea, PhD2 1 Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History, Romania; 2 Institute of Biology of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania within animal carcasses, in order to define entomological and microbial targets in the decomposition process. The study focused on the characterization of necrophagous insect species’ chronological succession, and their stages of development, on pig carcasses exposed in an urban natural environment (Bucharest, Romania), and the composition of the bacterial communities inhabiting the carcasses colon and mouth cavities, in correlation with climate condition and decomposition stages. The forensic experiment, carried out in triplicate, was monitored for up to seven months during the cold and the beginning of the warm period (November 2012–May 2013), with all meteorological parameters being continuously recorded. The baits were placed on the ground and protected from vertebrate scavengers. The visiting necrophagous insect species were collected, including both adults and immature stages, and taxonomically identified. Tissue samples were harvested weekly from internal (4–8cm) and external sections of pigs’ colons and mouths. Total bacteria genomic DNA was extracted from each sample and bacterial 16S-rDNA fragments were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Bacteria diversity was investigated by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and sequencing of electrophoresis gel extracted DNA fragments. The results showed an accelerated activity of necrophagous insect species in the warm period. The insect diversity was high, and the appearances time-course of new species and their development stages correlated with carcass decomposition stages and meteorological parameters. Bacterial 16S-rDNA DGGE analysis indicated the presence of a high Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) number, with a higher diversity in the mouth than in the colon cavity, and different time appearance of various phyla. During the cold period, the number and representation of bacterial species was constant in both cavities. After a ten-week exposure, new bacteria species appeared in the colon cavity, while in the mouth cavity this diversity occurred after six weeks, a phenomenon associated with temperature increase. The novelty of this study consists of: (1) identifying areaspecific necrophagous insect succession for forensic investigations on Romanian territory; (2) determining baitembedded bacteria diversity in a decomposing carcass during a cold period; and, (3) the first complementary data of bacteria and necrophagous insects dynamics for postmortem interval identification. WFF2014 O 56-12 AN UNUSUAL CASE OF COMMOTIO CORDIS RESULTING FROM A SIDE-IMPACT AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Paul Cahn, MD, MS1, Michael D. Freeman, MD, PhD, MPH2 1 Forensic Research & Analysis, Portland, OR, United States; 2 Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; and Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark The goal of this presentation is to describe an unusual mechanism of a cardiac arrest associated with a relatively low-speed, side-impact collision resulting in an unintended side-impact airbag deployment. This presentation will impact the forensic science community by demonstrating the investigation of a cardiac arrest following an airbag deployment using the principles of counterfactual causation, an important tool for investigating causation in forensic medicine, in which the collective probability of alternative causal explanations is quantified and compared to the probability of a primary causal explanation. This discussion concerns a 2007 single-vehicle traffic crash involving a previously healthy 19-year-old Caucasian male who was the restrained driver of a mid-1990s model SUV traveling on a freeway in the far left lane, nearest the median barrier. For an unknown reason, the vehicle exited the left lane and struck the median barrier at a relatively low speed (<15km/h), resulting in the deployment of the driver’s sideimpact airbag. An emergency services vehicle coincidentally passed the stopped vehicle within five minutes of the collision and the driver was observed slumped over the steering wheel. The victim was pulseless by the time he was reached by the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel. The victim was defibrillated and his heart was restarted, but he was subsequently found to have suffered a permanent anoxic brain injury. The injury was later explained by the presumption that the victim had suffered from a commotio cordis as a result of the airbag impact. Commotio cordis is a phenomenon in which the heart arrests following an impact over the cardiac silhouette that coincides with the ascending phase of the T wave, which comprises only about 1%-3% of the total cardiac cycle. The mortality rate of the condition is very high, currently around 65%. The condition is seen most commonly in young male athletes. The kinetic energy required to cause the injury is thought to be approximately 50 joules or more, or approximately the amount of energy in a 2kg object dropped 2.5 meters. 382 An engineering analysis of the collision event indicated that the airbag deployment was unintentional given the collision circumstances, and that the deployment was likely due to a design defect. In a subsequent legal action, the defending manufacturer asserted, via expert opinion, that the cause of the cardiac arrest was not a commotio cordis because: (1) the chest impact from the airbag was too distal or lateral to the victim’s precordium to have impacted the heart; and, (2) the most likely cause of the cardiac arrest was an undiagnosed viral myocarditis that coincided with the airbag deployment. A forensic epidemiologic and biomechanical analysis was undertaken to evaluate the strength of the opposing claims. The first question was whether there was a biomechanically plausible explanation of how the impact to the left side of the victim’s chest could have resulted in an impact to the heart. A plausible explanation was found in the fact that the victim had a severe pectus excavatum deformity, which both shifted the heart to the left and thus closer to the impact and also brought the sternum into closer proximity with the heart. More importantly, the severe concavity of the chest would tend to redirect a left-to-right force applied to the lateral chest into an anterior-to-posterior force at the sternum. A counterfactual approach was used to assess the probability that the airbag impact was the cause of the cardiac arrest. The counterfactual approach to causal assessments examines the “but-for” perspective; that is, but-for the hazard, how likely is it that the injury would have occurred at the time that it did? This method is useful when precise quantification of the risk of a hazard is not practical, but it can be determined that the alternative risks are either very large or very small relative to the probable range of the hazard risk. For the subject case, it was impossible to say how likely it is that a commotio cordis would result from a side-impact airbag deployment in an adult male with pectus excavatum, but the alternative hypothesis, that the victim was suffering from an occult case of myocarditis which in turn caused a cardiac arrest that occurred during the same five-minute window as the airbag deployment, could be more precisely quantified. In order to estimate this risk, first the annual incidence of myocarditis in males 15-24 years of age using U.S. hospital discharge data was estimated. Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) of the Healthcare Utilization Project of the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were accessed for the years 2006-2008. The NIS is a unique database of hospital inpatient stays that contains data from approximately eight million hospital stays each year, or around a 20% sample of all hospital discharges in >40 states. All cases identified by ICD-9 codes for myocarditis and cardiac arrest were pulled and compared to the U.S. population of the same age and gender (based on U.S. Census WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Bureau estimates) in order to arrive at annual incidence rates. The results of the analysis were as follows: The annual rate of myocarditis per year in the male 15-24-years-of-age population was 1 in 29,388, and the incidence of cardiac arrest given a diagnosis of myocarditis was 1 in 4,007,750. From the annual rate, the five-minute risk of cardiac arrest associated with myocarditis was calculated to be 1 in 439 billion, respectively. During the same years of the NIS, it was also determined that there were no cardiac arrests in the same population of patients like the victim; i.e., with no known comorbidities. Thus, the myocarditis-related cardiac arrest theory was the only alternative theory investigated. A rough estimate of the risk of cardiac arrest due to airbag deployment, based on data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Special Crash Investigation reports, indicated that over the prior 25 years, there has been at least 1 cardiac arrest per 800,000 airbag deployments. A comparison between the two risks favors the known airbag trauma as the cause of the cardiac arrest over the hypothesized myocarditis-related cardiac arrest by approximately 550,000 times. This enormous disparity allowed for the conclusion that the airbag trauma was the most probable cause of the cardiac arrest, via the explanatory mechanism of commotio cordis. KEYWORDS C O M M O T I O C O R D I S ; A I R B A G ; C O U N T E R FA C T U A L C A U S AT I O N ; F O R E N S I C BIOMECHANICS; FORENSIC EPIDEMIOLOGY related attacks, a study was conducted using English pint glasses, in particular “Nonic” glasses and “Tulip” glasses. Slapping attacks, where a glass is held in the hand and slapped onto the victim, are dynamic attacks and in order to determine the level of force that can be generated, a novel force plate dynamometer was used to record the peak forces generated by a number of assailants. Additionally, highspeed video was used to record the way in which the glasses fractured and any shards from the glasses penetrated a synthetic skin simulant. Tests were made using both a flat plate and a mannequin’s head. A silicone rubber skin simulant was used to allow the damage created by shards to be assessed. Annealed and tempered glassware was tested and the glass fracture patterns and types of shards that were generated were compared in terms of the damage that was obtained. The average force generated during a slapping attack was found to be ~1,000N. This is a significant force; therefore, it would be expected that the injuries would be a combination of blunt force injuries and sharp force injuries from the glass fragments that result on impact. The results of the engineering experiments are presented in terms of observed forces and damage patterns and compared to those found in a pathology context in order to gain an improved insight into the way in which injuries arise in assaults using glass as an impulsive weapon. KEYWORDS G L A S S V E S S E L S ; S TA B B I N G A N D SLASHING ATTACKS; ALCOHOL HARM INJURIES ARISING FROM GLASS DRINKING VESSELS USED IN STABBING AND SLASHING ATTACKS S.V. Hainsworth, PhD, R. Pitchford, R.W. Earp, S.J. Hamilton, G.N. Rutty, MD University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom Recent reports in the United Kingdom estimate the annual cost to the National Healthcare System (NHS) as a result of alcohol harm at £2.7bn. Glassware is used as an impulsive weapon in 4% of violent incidents in the United Kingdom. The injuries that occur can be significant, leading to serious injury and death, and usually fall into categories of either stabbing or slashing. Injuries can also have a component of blunt force trauma, depending on the way in which the weapon is used. In order to better understand the injury potential of different types of glassware and measure the forces involved in glass- O 56-14 FINGERNAIL BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION Henry C. Lee, PhD Forensic Research & Training Center, West Haven, CT, United States Biometrics or biometric authentication is the technology devoted to identification of individuals using biological traits or characteristics. Biometric characteristics can be either physiological or behavioral. Physiological characteristics include fingerprints, DNA, blood types, iris patterns, retina patterns, hand geometry, palm prints, vein geometry, face recognition, ear shape, and body odor/scent, among others. Behavioral characteristics include signature dynamics, hair, footprint, typing rhythm, gait, and voice. Fingernails as forensic evidence have not been adopted as a biometric trait in any current biometric system. A system of fingernail biometrics for human identification is proposed. 383 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) O 56-13 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 Fingernails have excellent properties suitable as factors for biometrics. They are usually classified based on ridge patterns. Vertical nail ridges are seen rather commonly and usually are not signs of serious illness. These ridges generally extend from the base of fingernail to the tip in an orderly, regular fashion and tend to become more prominent with age. Horizontal nail ridges run from one side of the nail lengthwise across to the other side. Horizontal nail ridges may indicate the presence of an underlying illness or medical condition, although this is not always the case. One special type of horizontal nail ridge that may indicate underlying illness is called Beau’s lines. Fingernails are found at crime scenes and on victims, suspects, witnesses, and evidence. Unlike tissue or blood, fingernails do not easily decompose but are easy to store and transport without contamination. Collection of fingernails is painless, harmless, and convenient. Fingernails can also be found on badly decomposed bodies and body parts, especially in catastrophic incidents. Not only mitochondrial DNA but also nuclear DNA has been successfully analyzed from fingernail fragments. Fingernail patterns and physical features were extracted by image processing. Features of size, length, and width of fingernails; DNA profiles; vertical nail ridges; horizontal nail ridges; special features, inclusions, and color of fingernails were measured and combined as a template representative of the fingernail pattern, which can be used for matching to the template database. The use of fingernails may present a human identification system that can consider multiple modalities integrated into a biometrics system. KEYWORDS BIOMETRICS; FINGERNAIL; EVIDENCE COLLECTION associated morphological data. Third, anthropologists are more familiar with cranial metrics than with traits or metrics from the mandible. Therefore, there is a need to develop reliable formulas for deriving population affinity based on mandibular metric and morphological data. This presentation examines the ability to classify individuals using metric and morphological data taken from the mandible, particularly examining the questions of population diversity in Asia. This study concentrates on individuals from multiple populations in Southeast and Northeast Asia, including Cambodians, Vietnamese, Thais, Koreans, and Chinese. Out groups used for comparison purposes will contain U.S. Whites and Blacks. The total sample size is in excess of 1,000 individuals; all individuals are assumed to have late 19th- to 20th-century birth years. Eleven measurements were collected for each mandible in the study; eight standard and three relatively new.1 Six mandibular morphological traits also were used in the analyses. Step-wise Linear Discriminant Function (LDF) analyses using the Mahalanobis D2 distance statistic were undertaken. LDF analysis examined not only closely related groups (e.g., Vietnamese and Thais) but also took multiple, further geographically separated groups into consideration (e.g., Vietnamese and Koreans). Performance of the models suggests that while both metric and morphological data can separate the groups effectively, a combined approach using both sets of data simultaneously in the same LDF is a superior approach. Comparisons using out groups also demonstrated excellent accuracy rates. Taken together, this research shows that mandibular metrics and morphology can be used to classify unknown human remains when the biological affinity of the specimen is unknown, and these data are a valuable tool for the forensic anthropologist. DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION ANALYSIS AS APPLIED TO MANDIBULAR METRICS AND MORPHOLOGY TO ASSESS POPULATION AFFINITY IN ASIA Reference: Berg, Gregory E. 2008 Biological Affinity and Sex Determination Using Morphometric and Morphoscopic Variables from the Human Mandible. Dissertation, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Gregory E. Berg, PhD, Jennie R.R. Jin, PhD JPAC-CIL, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, United States MANDIBULAR METRICS; ANTHROPOLOGY; POPULATION AFFINITY O 56-15 Anthropologists tend not to rely heavily on mandibular metric or morphological data to determine biological or population affinity for several reasons. First, the most widely available comparison groups are usually limited to Western populations, e.g. U.S. Whites and Blacks. Second, when other populations are available for comparison, the sample sizes are relatively small and typically don’t have 384 KEYWORDS O 56-16 ALTERED AGE ESTIMATIONS IN POPULATIONS WITH PRIMARY IGF1-D Joan Fox, DDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Phoenix, AZ, United States KEYWORDS GROWTH FACTOR 1 (IGF1-D); GROWTH HORMONE; INSULIN DEFICIENCY O 56-17 APPLICATION OF STABLE ISOTOPE FORENSICS FOR DETERMINING GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN OF UNKNOWN HUMAN REMAINS FROM ASIA Gregory Berg, PhD1, Eric J. Bartelink, PhD2 , Lee Suhwan, MA3 1 JPAC-CIL, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI, United States; 2 California State University, Chico, Chico, CA, United States; 3 Ministry of National Defense Agency for KIA Recovery and Identification, Seoul, South Korea The application of stable isotope analysis has provided novel KEYWORDS STABLE ISOTOPE FORENSICS; HUMAN 385 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) It has been observed among early-adolescent children who were short in stature that a deficiency in Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1-D) is an uncommon etiology. Normally, the levels of IGF1 fluctuate throughout life, peaking at the onset of puberty and decreasing thereafter. It should coincide with levels of growth hormone. Subnormal linear growth is the primary clinical display of IGF1-D when compared with an age-similar population. From a dental perspective, children may be screened for developmental disorders by using dental radiographs and clinical examination of the oral cavity as well as evaluating growth charts and medical history. It is conceivable that there is an under-diagnosed IGF1-D population that has the pathognomonic delay in osseous growth. In this subset group of patients diagnosed with IGF1-D that has also received replacement therapy, it is also possible that the dental and chronological age estimations are skewed because of this variable. A relatively accurate age assessment with consideration made to the delayed growth and development can be made with dental age-estimation tools. Demirjian’s method of age estimation for this population may not be the most reliable method of age estimation; however, if the patient is living, it is probably the preferred approach. If the subject is deceased, evaluating the cementum incremental lines in an extracted tooth (if it is an option) may be a more accurate method. From a forensic standpoint, the examiner should take into consideration the display of unerupted, crowded, developed, and permanent as well as retained primary teeth, skeletal development, and symmetry. approaches for determining origin of unidentified human remains from forensic and archaeological contexts. Stable isotope values measured in hard tissues (e.g., bone and teeth) can provide a record of an individual’s life history and geographic origin. Human bone stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of collagen and stable carbon isotopes of bioapatite reflect consumption of food resources, which vary between geographic regions due to cultural dietary differences. This study discusses the application of stable isotope forensics for provenancing human bone obtained by the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command Central Identification Laboratory (JPAC-CIL) and the Ministry of National Defense Agency for KIA (Killed in Action) Recovery and Identification (MAKRI) Central Identification Laboratory in Seoul, South Korea. Stable isotope analysis was used to determine whether human remains could be distinguished between U.S. American military members as compared to Northeast Asians, as well as with Southeast Asian reference data previously obtained. More specifically, isotope values consistent with consumption of a strictly C3-based diet (e.g., rice) are considered more likely associated with individuals from Asia, whereas values consistent with greater consumption of a mixed C3/C4 diet (e.g., corn, sugar) were considered to be more likely from North America. The study included more than 50 human bone samples recovered from various sites in the Korean Peninsula as well as from Southeast Asia and the Pacific contexts. Samples were selected from known battles or incidents (i.e., while the exact identity of each individual may not be known, the origin of the individual is known—either U.S. American or Asian). Mitochondrial DNA with haplogroup assignments from MAKRI-contracted laboratories or from the Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory were available for most samples. The stable carbon isotope values from collagen extracts formed a bimodal distribution and indicated diets consisting of varying amounts of C3 and C4 resources. When compared by geographic reference data, there was minimal overlap in collagen carbon isotope values between U.S. Americans and individuals from Asia. As expected, U.S. American stable carbon isotope values were significantly elevated relative to Asians, reflecting greater contribution of C4 resources in the diet. An earlier study by Bartelink et al. (2014) demonstrated that linear discriminant function analysis could correctly classify over 95% of all samples based on stable carbon isotope values. Preliminary data from this study suggests classification rates at or near the same levels, even when including Northeast and Southeast Asians in the dataset. WFF2014 IDENTIFICATION; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA O 56-18 RELIABILITY AND CONFIDENCE OF FINGERPRINT FEATURES SELECTION AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Shiquan Liu, MS1, Luo Yaping,1 Glenn M. Langenburg, MS, PhD2 1 People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing, China; 2 Minnesota State Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, Saint Paul, MN, United States The fingerprint identification process begins with an analysis of the latent prints. It requires conducting a full analysis of the quantity and quality of both the impression and the minutiae. Some groundwork has already shown how to conduct a complete analysis of latent prints in the United States. However, this experiment explored how to document the reliability and confidence with a minutiae selection among Chinese fingerprint examiners in the Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation-Verification (ACE-V) process. The Green-Yellow-Red-Orange (GYRO) system developed by Dr. Glenn Langenburg was used to annotate the minutiae during the analysis phase of the ACE-V process, but this study changed to the Green-Blue-Red (GBR) system. Green features represent the examiner’s high confidence of existence, Blue features represent medium confidence, and Red features represent low confidence. This is the first time a national experiment has been conducted with fingerprint examiners around China. Using the GBR system, the examiner’s confidence with the features was recorded. Four fingerprint trials (two from Langenburg and two from the crime lab of the People’s Public Security University of China) were selected for the experiment; the data will provide a large-range analysis of minutiae selection for approximately 200 fingerprint examiners from different provinces in China. There are four aspects that will be discussed from the results calculated by the statistics: Selection of relevant level-two features; results from the “confidence” of the latent fingerprints. Based on Cedric’s model, a new model will be set up to qualify the weight of minutiae configuration of different confidences. Accuracy of minutiae selection and error rates of the final conclusion. Attempt to discover what types of minutiae resulted in most of the experts making errors, then describe the minutiae and provide recommendations. Present intra-examiner and inter-examiner statistics results. Results will be compared to the United States’ and Holland’s 386 results to determine the difference. This research will have an impact on latent print operations throughout China and other fingerprint communities by increasing the understanding of fingerprint features selection and increasing the examiners’ awareness for potential errors generated in low-quality areas or other factors. Reducing the errors of fingerprint features selection will decrease the chance of wrongful comparison, reduce the risk of erroneous identifications, and, most importantly, maintain the public’s confidence in the police and forensic science in China. KEYWORDS FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION; GYRO; LATENT PRINT O 56-19 BITEMARK ANALYSIS IN HUNGARY AS A RESULT OF ALIGNED EDUCATION, COOPERATIVE LEARNING, AND INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY Ajang Armin Farid, DDS Semmelweis Medical University, Budapest, Hungary After attending this presentation, attendees will better understand how bitemark analysis in Europe is becoming more and more a part of police investigations. This presentation will impact the forensic science community by underlining the fact that violent biting happens all over the world, regardless of how much attention is given to this matter. Hungary has a long history in recognizing and analyzing bitemarks. The Forensic Institute of the Semmelweis University, one of the most traditional and renowned centers of medical education, had first mentioned the possibility of analyzing bitemarks in 1904. Textbooks include bitemark analysis in 1968 by Dr. László Harsányi. However, due to the low rate of criminal activity in the socialist countries, little weight was given to using bitemark analysis as part of police investigations. The occurance of human bitemarks was considered rare or non-existent; however, animal bitemark analysis was conducted more frequently due to an increase in dog bites. Since 2008, a continuous media campaign and education program for Hungarian crime scene technicians helped raise awareness of the importance of bitemark analysis among the police and the general population resulting in the reporting of several bitemark cases, within a short span of time, to the authorities. The most prominent case, which occured in December 2010 in a suburb of the capital, Budapest, shocked WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Understanding the value of education in bitemark analysis, the International Law Enforcement Academy (ILEA) in Budapest, which is run by the FBI, has asked for these topics to be incorporated into the training of their international police recruits and agents. Thus, the knowledge has been transmitted to Bulgaria, Kosovo, Romania, Macedonia, Montenegro, and other countries in Europe. The Semmelweis Medical University, Department of Forensic Medicine, in Budapest, which has integrated bitemark analysis, age estimation, and disaster victim identification into its curriculum, allows newly trained dentists to bring their knowledge and learning back to their home countries, including Germany, Norway, Austria, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Greece, Cyprus, Iran, Israel, and other countries in the Middle East. In the dental forensic community, it is a known fact that some countries are more advanced than others in utilizing forensic dentistry in crime investigation and/or disaster victim identification while others struggle to achieve a united vision and understanding among the different governmental agencies involved. Therefore, it becomes the moral and ethical responsibility and privilege of the more advanced forensic communities to engage in a collaborative effort to integrate this science into police investigative work in the less-developed territories. This study will present that these incredible, unforeseen accomplishments have been made possible because of the continued collaboration, exchange of knowledge and ideas, accompaniment, and capacity building and the support and encouragement received from mentors and colleagues working in the field in the United States. In facing common challenges and service to humanity, the concept of accompaniment and assistance in developing capacities is vital in chartering an individual path for progress. Great accomplishments in public service are achieved through unity of vision and action plus mutual and ongoing collaboration and support. KEYWORDS B I T E M A R K A N A LY S I S ; F O R E N S I C DENTISTRY; INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION O 56-20 THE IMPACT OF MODIFIED EXTRACTION METHODS ON THE RECOVERY OF DNA FROM SKELETONIZED REMAINS RETURNED FROM THE DPRK – IS THERE REGIONAL VARIABILITY? S.M. Edson, MS1 and S.R. Ah Sam, MS2 1 Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, 115 Purple Heart Drive, DAFB, DE 19902; 2 Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command – Central Identification Laboratory, 310 Worchester Ave., Joint Base Pearl Harbor – Hickam, HI 96853, United States The Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory (AFDIL) and the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command – Central Identification Laboratory (JPAC-CIL) work towards the identification of missing US service members from past military conflicts. To that end, both laboratories are constantly improving laboratory protocols that improve both the speed and efficiency of the procedures. Since the inception of AFDIL in 1992, the protocol for extracting total genomic DNA from skeletal samples has undergone two major modifications. The first, released to casework in 2007, was a change to a new extraction buffer that provided complete demineralization of the osseous material and a 10 fold reduction in the amount of sample required for processing (2.0g was reduced to 0.2g). The second, 387 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) the Hungarian nation, when a two-month-old child was beaten by her father and then bitten twice to be silenced. The police were called after the child was taken to the hospital 12 days after the initial abuse. Due to the condition of the child on admission to the hospital, it was apparent that additional abuse had occured. Since this case involved a “closed populaton” suspect pool, the forensic odontologist was asked to analyze the dental evidence obtained from both parents. It is important to note that the father initially confessed to biting the infant. A thorough examination and analysis of the bitemark excluded the mother as a biter and included the father as the probable biter in this case. The highly specific, individualized characteristic of the bite helped to strengthen this conclusion. The forensic dentist in Hungary worked closely with his mentor in the United States, who provided advice and guidence in this unique case. The father was finally convicted and sentenced to six years imprisonment in February 2013. A few weeks later, another child in Hungary was reportedly bitten by a neighbor who had been asked to babysit the child while the mother was at work. The police became involved in this incident when the mother came home and found several bitemark wounds on the child. In the same time frame, an elderly woman was attacked in her own home, and in selfdefense she bit one of the intruders on the leg, causing a bitemark that served as evidence. It is believed that the increase of education, not only among the police and other agencies concerned with children’s and women’s welfare but also increasingly among the general population, on the significance of bitemarks will bring more and more cases to light, providing the judicial system with additional evidence. AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 released to casework in 2013, was a removal of the phenolchloroform (PCIA) purification and an incorporation of a silica purification column. The second extraction modification, known in-house as ‘demin2’, has shown a positive difference in success for some skeletal elements when testing for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); an ~14% increase in success with a low-copy number Y-STR analysis protocol (LCN-Y); and ~5% increase in success for autosomal testing. Of note was a Y-STR artifact observed only in remains recovered from a region in North Korea. While this was only one incident, it encouraged the scientists to examine whether or not there would be specific success rates of skeletal elements recovered from different localities. To examine this possibility, only skeletal elements from the Korean War were examined. Between 1990 and 1994, 208 boxes of remains were returned to the United States by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (aka, North Korea). Each box was attributed to a specific village or region in North Korea and purportedly comprised a single individual. Through anthropological and mtDNA analysis, it has been determined that most of the boxes -contain commingled remains and there are significantly more than 208 individuals represented in the assemblage. To further complicate matters, shared mtDNA sequences have been observed between the K208 boxes and remains recovered during US/DPRK Joint Recovery Operations (JRO). MtDNA, LCN-Y, and autosomal DNA testing success rates for each skeletal element were examined for each regional assemblage of remains. Comparisons were made between the original extraction method, the first modification involving complete demineralization (‘demin1’), and the most recent extraction modification ('demin2'). The goals are to: 1) provide a clearer picture of the regional taphonomic effects on skeletal remains as they relate to DNA analysis, and 2) demonstrate how advances in DNA technology have aided in sorting a highly commingled skeletal assemblage and led to the identification of US service members. Further studies will involve similar analyses on remains recovered from regions associated with Southeast Asia and World War II conflicts. Disclaimer: The opinions or assertions presented are the private views of the authors and should not be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of Defense, its branches, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System, or the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command – Central Identification Laboratory. KEYWORDS 388 DNA; AFDIL; JPAC-CIL O 56-21 THE EFFECT OF SOFT TISSUE ON EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE PREDICTION FROM BURNT BONE Sarah Ellingham, MSc, Tim Thompson, PhD, Meez Islam, PhD, Gillian Taylor Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom Determining the maximum exposure temperature from burnt skeletal tissue can be of crucial importance for the reconstruction of incineration conditions in forensic case work. Traditionally, utilized indicators such as color change, microstructural alterations, or sole crystallinity measurements are mere qualitative indicators which are subject to fluctuations based on a variety of factors other than heat exposure and, therefore, inherently unreliable. The goal of this study was to develop a statistically robust and reliably reproducible quantitative method of burn temperature prediction, which takes into account the effect of soft tissue presence as well as different exposure times. Research was carried out using sheep (Ovis aries) rib bones of two experimental groups, defleshed “green” bones as well as bones with soft tissue presence, which were burnt at temperatures between 100°C and 1,100°C in 100°C increments for 15, 45, and 90 minutes. The external bone surface was subsequently removed, ground to powder, and analyzed through Attenuated Total Reflectance FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) at an optical range of 400cm-1 to 2,000cm-1. From the produced spectra, eight absorption peak ratios, which have been described in Thompson et al., were calculated on which Linear Regression analysis was performed, creating a formula for the prediction of the burn temperature.1 Results indicated that from defleshed sample spectra, burn temperatures can be predicted with a standard error of +/-70°C. Variation in the exposure time does not make a significant difference to the prediction accuracy. The presence of soft tissue, however, has a significant influence on heat-induced changes of the bone matrix in low (<300°C) as well as high (>800°C) temperatures, shielding the bone matrix and slowing down combustion in the former, and acting as fuel, causing an accelerated combustion in the latter (p<0.05). At medium temperatures, no significant difference between bones burnt with and without soft tissue presence was noted. This research allows for an accurate determination of exposure temperature from defleshed bones and a founded estimation of the temperature range from bones which have been exposed to burning with soft tissue, thus marking a significant advancement in the comprehension of burnt bone. The clear impact of the presence of soft tissues, and the lack WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 of influence of duration, provides forensic investigators a new perspective with which to interpret the results of FTIR measures derived from burnt bone. Reference: Thompson TJU, Islam M, Bonniere M. “A new statistical approach for determining the crystallinity of heat-altered bone mineral from FTIR spectra.” Journal of Archaeological Science. 2013 1;40(1): 416-22. KEYWORDS BURNT BONE; EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE; INCINERATION O 56-22 ASSESSING DNA QUALITY, QUANTITY, AND INHIBITION USING A HIGHLY SENSITIVE MULTIPLEX QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR FORENSIC SAMPLES Stephen Lee, PhD1, Jesse Ramirez, BS1, Ryan Yee, BS1, Zach Goecker, BS1, Gina Pineda, MS2 , Anne Montgomery, MS2 , Robyn Thompson, MS2 , Sudhir Sinh, PhD2 1 San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States; 2 InnoGenomics Technologies, New Orleans, LA, United States KEYWORDS A quantification system that estimates the level of degradation in a forensic sample is a useful tool for DNA analysts. There are already systems reported in the literature that provide a quality assessment for degraded DNA samples. One uses a Ya5-lineage Alu genetic element and a second employs single copy targets in a multiplex assessing nuclear and Y chromosome targets ranging from 67-190bp. The advantage of an Alu system is the presence of a large number of fixed insertions. Published reports state only 20% of the Yb-lineage Alu elements are polymorphic for insertion presence or absence in the human genome. A large number of these fixed elements are present in every human genome, thus enhancing sensitivity and minimizing the individual specific variation possible when using a multi-copy target quantification system. Alus are Short Interspersed Elements (SINE), ~ 300bp DNA; ALUS; DNA ANALYSIS O 56-23 A REALITY SHOW: YOU ARE GOING TO BE AN EXPERT WITNESS Haskell M. Pitluck, JD Crystal Lake, IL, United States If you are a forensic scientist and work on cases in the legal justice system, the odds are high that at some point you are going to have to testify before a body that will make a decision based, at least in part, on your work. It will not be like the television episodes and movies. It will be reality. Your work should be accurate and correct, but it is equally important that you know how to conduct yourself before the 389 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) quantification of human DNA provides an important estimate of amplifiable DNA in a biological sample. Current methods in forensic laboratories include SYBR® Green, Plexor® HY, and Quantifiler® Duo assays. Recent advances in mini Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis systems have made it possible to analyze highly compromised samples. insertions, distributed in large copy number (>1000 copies/ cell). The use of internal primers to amplify a segment of an Alu element allows for higher primate specificity and high sensitivity when compared to a single copy target. The new qPCR system utilizes two independent genomic targets: an 80bp “short” target sequence and a 207bp “long” target sequence.. Primers and probes are selected so that they are completely independent. The ratio of the long targets versus short targets provides a useful assessment of DNA quality. This Degradation Index (DI) has applications in predicting the profiling success of forensic samples. Use of a synthetic target as an Internal Positive Control (IPC) provides an additional assessment for the presence of PCR inhibitors in the test sample. Initial inter-laboratory testing indicates the PCR efficiency for both long and short targets is consistently above 90%. The amount of synthetic IPC target was adjusted to provide reproducible Ct values between 18–22 cycles for samples with no inhibition. Precision and sensitivity studies indicated this system has a sensitivity threshold of 1pg, similar to those reported for other Alu-based quantification systems and comparable to other commercially available systems. Studies comparing this system with other commercially available quantitation systems show concordance of quantitation values between systems. Furthermore, the preliminary interlaboratory results demonstrate the predictive value of the DI on degraded DNA and the IPC results on humic acid (inhibitor) spiked samples. In conclusion, a DNA-based qualitative/quantitative/ inhibition assessment system is a valuable tool for deciding which DNA test kit to utilize when processing forensically compromised samples. WFF2014 adjudicative body so you can effectively impart your work and testimony in a manner understandable to all concerned— a very small and special audience. You may be the best forensic scientist in the world, but if you are not able to explain your work, your conclusions, and your opinions, you will not be an effective witness. Unlike the quick resolution of the various forensic matters in the media, if parties to a case cannot attack the science, they attack the scientist. This presentation should assist in preparing you to be the best witness you can possibly be. The key to this is preparation as there is no substitute for good preparation. Topics to be covered will include preparation of your CV as well as dealings with the attorneys, other experts, judges, and the jury, some do’s and don’ts, and even some tips on ethics, as well as other suggestions to help you become a better witness. The goal is to be the most prepared, honest, and effective witness possible. KEYWORDS LEGAL JUSTICE SYSTEM; JUDICIAL ETHICS; EXPERT WITNESS O 56-24 A LITTLE LESSON IN LOGIC AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Thomas W. Young, MD Heartland Forensic Pathology, LLC, Kansas City, MO, United States After attending this presentation, attendees will recognize logically sound and unsound ways to reason from evidence. This presentation will impact the international forensic community by instructing forensic scientists about how to infer in a way that is logical, truthful, and reliable, particularly when offering sworn testimony in a courtroom. Scientists have made great progress in recent years in the development of technology useful for court cases; however, there is little mention in the forensic science literature about how to draw truthful conclusions from such scientific evidence. Consider this “little lesson in logic:” The Inferential Test One can be reasonably certain if witness accounts of the past are consistent or not consistent with physical evidence in the present, but one cannot reliably surmise past events from physical evidence unless there is only one plausible explanation for that evidence. This statement has been translated into logical operator notation and demonstrated to be a tautology—a statement 390 that is necessarily true—using truth tables and proofs.1 Consider the following five statements, all given the scientific fact that 1 + 1 = 2: (1 + 1) → 2 If one was added to one, then the sum is two. ~(2) → ~(1 + 1) If the sum is not two, then one was not added to one. 2 → (1 + 1) If the sum is two, then one was added to one. 2 → (1 + _) If the sum is two, then one was added to __. ~(1 + 1) → ~(2) If one was not added to one, then the sum is not two. The five statements above are conditional “if…, then…” statements. The item to the left of the conditional arrow— the antecedent—can represent what happened in the past, and the item to the right of the arrow—the consequent—can represent the consequent physical evidence discovered in the present. The first two statements are simplified versions of modus ponens (the way of affirming) and modus tollens (the way of denying)—two famous valid argument forms. The first two statements are true. They represent comparing a witness account of the past to physical evidence in the present for consistency (“What he said could happen.”) or inconsistency (“What he said could not happen.”). Such comparisons are valid for certainty. The third statement in the invalid argument form of affirming the consequent is not correct because numbers too numerous to count other than 1 and 1 can be added together to get a sum of 2. Truthfully, the statement should read: 2 → (? + ?). Surmising past events from physical evidence cannot be done reliably. Such complex inferences are unlikely to be true unless there is only one plausible explanation for the evidence (Statement 4).1 The fifth statement in the invalid argument form of denying the antecedent is also not correct because not adding 1 to 1 can also lead to a sum of 2. Truthfully, the statement should read: ~(1 + 1) → ?. If witnesses are presumed to offer false statements, then the truth of what happened cannot be known. The illustrations above can also apply to forensic casework. The famous Australian case of Lindy Chamberlain is an important example of what can happen when inferences from scientific evidence are not sound. Reference: Young TW. The Inferential Test is Always True. Think of it as a Law. http://www.heartlandforensic.com/writing/theinferential-test-is-always-true-think-of-it-as-a-law. KEYWORDS EVIDENCE REASONING; INFERENTIAL TEST; LOGIC WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 57-1 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON CONTEMPORANEOUS TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY EVALUATIONS Daniel A. Martell, PhD Park Dietz & Associates, Newport Beach, CA, United States KEYWORDS NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; MENTAL HEALTH LAW; PSYCHIATRIC EXAMINATION O 57-2 FORENSIC LINGUISTICS: LANGUAGE AS CLUE AND EVIDENCE This presentation explains the use of linguistics as a forensic science by describing cases in which language is a clue and/ or evidence at trial and how standard analytical methods from linguistics can produce reliable and admissible forensic evidence. There are some criminal and civil cases in which language plays a crucial role as an investigative clue, such as kidnapping, defamation, suicide/murder, and stalking/ threatening. These cases exemplify the “four corners of forensic linguistics” (Chaski 2013): linguistic profiling, identification, text-typing, and intertextuality. In the kidnapping of the Lindbergh baby, the ransom note was important in determining that the author of the note was a non-native speaker of English and a native speaker of German. The language of the note provided an investigative clue. This clue was developed by applying a standard method in linguistics to a forensic issue. The standard linguistics method is contrastive analysis—a tool in linguistics that demonstrates differences in structure between languages. These differences between English and German can then be applied to the forensic issue of authorship: whoever wrote the note showed native German-speaking tendencies in writing English. Contrastive analysis is a reliable method in linguistics based on the theory of linguistic structure; when it is applied forensically, it produces reliable results as linguistic profiling. Defamatory statements posted anonymously or pseudonymously on the internet create an actionable event which is becoming more frequent. The investigative question is who authored the defamatory statements. Given a pool of suspects, it is possible to determine authorship with a high degree of accuracy based on the syntactic structures. The linguistic method of syntactic analysis can be combined with a proprietary categorization mechanism so that documents from one author can be reliably differentiated from another, and a questioned document can be assigned to a known author. This authorship method has been used in more than 25 cases and admitted into trial testimony in both federal and state courts in the United States under both Frye and Daubert standards. In suicide investigations, two questions can arise about a suicide note: (1) Is this a real suicide note?; and, (2) Did the decedent author the note? The authorship issue can be resolved using the method previously described while the authenticity of the suicide note requires a different method. Based on text classification methods in computational linguistics, a statistical procedure can determine with a strong 391 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) Contested wills, trusts, and estate plans are extremely expensive to litigate and can significantly erode the corpus of the estate while undermining the wishes of the testator. This is particularly true when late changes are made to an existing plan. Planning for the possibility of a will contest is both prudent and cost-effective. International standards and practices in this area of mental health law will be presented. A careful and welldocumented assessment of the testator’s capacity, prepared at the time that a will is executed or any significant changes are made, can document and preserve evidence of the testator’s competency and freedom from undue influence. This simple step can prevent years of litigation and unnecessary delays in executing the client’s desires. The evaluations include both psychiatric examination and neurocognitive testing. Evaluations are generally conducted as close in time as possible to the date that a will or trust will be signed and can usually be completed in one day. The process includes a careful review of the medicolegal record; objective psychodiagnostic and neuropsychological testing; a meticulous forensic psychiatric examination of the testator(s), and interviews of significant others, as needed. A customized neuropsychological test battery is administered, tailored specifically to those cognitive functions most relevant to testamentary capacity, including attention, concentration, memory, and executive functioning. Psychodiagnostic testing is used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. The forensic psychiatric examination includes taking a complete history, a mental status examination, careful documentation of the testator’s competency, and assessment of the factors that increase susceptibility to, or protect against, undue influence. The evaluation can be digitally recorded, if desired. A comprehensive report is then prepared to be filed with the estate plan. Carole E. Chaski, PhD ALIAS Technology, LLC, Institute for Linguistic Evidence, Georgetown, DE, United States WFF2014 degree of accuracy whether the note is a real suicide note or some other type of document. Text authentication or texttyping procedures have also been developed for threatening communications, predatory chats, and deceptive language. In claims of ownership and contractual torts, an issue that often arises is whether or not two documents are truly independent of each other. If, for example, employee manuals or patents are truly independent, they will overlap to a baseline—because they include similar information— but they will not overlap much higher than the baseline. When the texts are “too close” because their overlaps are far higher than the baseline expected in an industry, then there is reason based in linguistics to assert that the employee manuals or patents are not independent and constitute a violation of a non-compete agreement or patent infringement. Intertextuality can be measured and the similarity used to demonstrate dependence and relationship between texts. KEYWORDS FORENSIC LINGUISTICS; LINGUISTIC PROFILING; SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES turn impact the thinking of the American public, including its reactions to such developments as the ongoing difficulties of procuring chemicals for execution by lethal injection. American states are gradually abolishing the death penalty, and none has recently re-established it. Perhaps a welcome maturing tend is at work here. But what is then to be made of developments in such areas as the control of firearms? As citizen professionals sharing a shrinking globe, we are subject to increasing scrutiny of ourselves and of one another. As responsible forensic scientists, we share the burden of managing our collective reputation in the public arena. The Hall case can well serve to focus our responses to these challenges. References: No, 12-10882, citations pending Liptak, A: Justices reject a rigid IQ rule for executions. New York Times, 28 May 2014, p.A1 KEYWORDS D E A T H P E N A L T Y ; C O G N I T I V E IMPAIRMENT; HALL VS. FLORIDA O 57-3 DIMINISHING THE DEATH PENALTY AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) John L. Young, MD New Haven, CT, United States On May 27, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court announced its decision in the case of Hall vs. Florida.1 It reversed that state’s highest court’s decision that had upheld the death penalty for Mr. Freddie Lee Hall, a cognitively impaired defendant convicted of murder. In essence, the Florida Court must now address its narrow use of IQ scores to determine the presence or absence of cognitive impairment for sentencing in death penalty cases. Writing for the 5:4 majority, Justice Anthony Kennedy succinctly (and most quotably) pointed out that “intellectual disability is a condition, not a number.” For its important part, the dissent, represented by Justice Samuel Alito, warned against “instability” and “protracted litigation,” by no means an inapt assertion in view of the fact that Mr. Hall’s crime took place in 1978. This decision is unusual for the extent to which it favorably quotes from professional societies’ amicus curiae briefs. According to some commentators, it also may be seen as following the general direction of evolving public opinion.2 This decision is likely to have an immediate impact on several other states. It will also be interesting to continue to follow Mr. Hall’s own case. We should, in addition, look for global opinions responding to the decision. These may in 392 O 57-4 DETECTION MALINGERING WITH THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST Laura Muscatello1, Annabella Alice Pozzoli2 1 Reggio Emilia, Italy; 2Legnano, Italy A new method that can be used to identify a true autobiographical memory (the intentions and reasons that motivate an act) is the autobiographical Implicit Association Test (aIAT).1 It is a variant of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) which is used to establish whether an autobiographical memory trace is encoded in the respondent’s mind/brain.2 With the aIAT, it is possible to evaluate which of two autobiographical events is true. The method consists of a computerized categorization task. The aIAT includes stimuli belonging to four categories. Two of them are logical categories and are represented by sentences that are always true (e.g., “I am in front of a computer.”) or always false (e.g., “I am climbing a mountain.”) for the respondent. The two other categories are represented by alternative versions of an autobiographical event (e.g., “I went to London for Christmas.” or “I went to Seattle for Christmas.”), only one of which is true. The true autobiographical event is identified because, in a combined block, it gives rise to faster Reaction Times (RTs) when it shares the same motor response with true sentences. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Validation experiments have documented very high classification accuracy over a wide range of tests, with average accuracy rates exceeding 90%. The aIAT has been validated in both forensic and clinical settings. This presentation reviews the aIAT main applications (including malingered whiplash syndrome, malingered depression, etc.) and features one of the most popular Italian cases in which it was used: The Case of Como. older technologies that are particularly problematic. The relationship of these newer technologies to SWGDRUG criteria will be discussed. KEYWORDS CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION; SWGDRUG; GC/MS O 57-6 References: Sartori, Agosta, Zogmaister, Ferrara, & Castiello, 2008 Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 KEYWORDS A U T O B I O G R A P H I C A L I M P L I C I T ASSOCIATION TEST (aIAT); IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST (IAT); THE CASE OF COMO O 57-5 TECHNOLOGIC ADVANCES ON CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION STANDARDS Victor W. Weedn, MD, JD George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States Dayong Lee, PhD, Chris Delcher, MS, Mildred M. Maldonado-Molina, PhD, Lindsay A. Bazydlo, PhD, Bruce A. Goldberger, PhD University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States Background: Drug-induced mortality has steadily increased over the past two decades in the United States. Drug mortality surveillance systems are valuable in monitoring drug use patterns over time and for evaluating the impact of drug control policy. Florida, the fourth most populous state and the epicenter of the recent prescription drug epidemic in the U.S., maintains a timely drug mortality surveillance system. In this presentation, attendees will be informed about the mortality rates for licit and illicit drugs in Florida from 2001 to 2012. This study examined yearly patterns, demographic characteristics, and statistical correlations between drug trends. The ratio of drug-caused deaths and drug-present deaths were evaluated to study relative lethality of specific substances. Methods: All drug-related deaths reported by Florida medical examiners to the Medical Examiners Commission (MEC) through toxicology reports from 2001 to 2012 were included. A death was considered “drug-related” if at least one drug was identified in the decedent. A single drug was reported as either a causative factor or a presenting factor (i.e., identified in nonlethal concentrations), but not both. Multiple drugs can be listed as a cause of death and/or present. On the whole, deaths related to the following drugs or drug groups were reported: amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabis, carisoprodol/meprobamate, cocaine, ethanol, gammahydroxybutyrate, heroin, inhalants, opioids, phencyclidine, and zolpidem. Results: The rate of drug-caused deaths was 8.0 per 100,000 population in 2001, more than doubling to 17.0 in 2010, then decreasing to 13.9 in 2012. Among drugcaused deaths, 34.7%-59.2% involved more than one drug and these polydrug deaths continuously increased over the 393 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) The Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) has divided chemical analytical techniques into three categories based upon their discrimination potential. However, advances in the technologies have rendered this schema overly simplistic. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) has been a mainstay of chemical identification in forensic science labs since the 1970s. GC/MS has been useful for drug chemistry, toxicology, and trace evidence and was considered a definitive chemical identification technique. However, traditional GC/MS only produces nominal mass values. Different compounds may have the same nominal mass. Current MS instrumentation can produce accurate and exact mass, which can differentiate many compounds with the same nominal mass, but there are still compounds with the same exact mass that need to be discriminated, either by separation techniques, fragmentation, or alternate interrogation. Stereo-isomers are particularly problematic. Time-of-flight mass spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, new chromatographic columns and nano-Liquid Chromatography (LC), supercritical fluid extraction, Raman spectroscopy, and benchtop Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyzers are among the newer techniques that have yet to achieve widespread utility in forensic science labs. Meanwhile, forensic science labs seem to cling to TRENDS IN LICIT AND ILLICIT DRUG-RELATED DEATHS IN FLORIDA FROM 2001 TO 2012 AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) WFF2014 years. Ethanol-caused mortality increased until 2009, then the rate stabilized to 3.0-3.1 for the subsequent four years. Alprazolam and diazepam contributed to the majority of benzodiazepine-caused deaths. However, less than 10% were solely due to alprazolam or diazepam; methadone, oxycodone, and cocaine were frequently co-involved. Similar to benzodiazepines, opioid-caused mortality rates peaked in 2010 and started to decline (-28%) in the period 2010-2012. The rate of oxycodone-caused deaths increased from 1.9 to 8.0 per 100,000 population over 2001-2010 and decreased to 3.8 in 2012. Annual rates of heroin-caused mortality were negatively correlated with opioids and benzodiazepines (ρ ≥ -0.670; p ≤ 0.034, respectively). Further, an increase in heroin-lethality (4.8 in 2010 to 12.0 in 2012) coincided with the increase in average heroin purity reported by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Cocaine-caused death rates decreased from 4.6 to 2.8 per 100,000 population over 2007-2012. Amphetamines, zolpidem, and inhalants-caused deaths were on the rise, although rates were low (≤0.6 per 100,000). Conclusions: Declines in benzodiazepine- and opioid-caused deaths in 2011-2012 may have been related to Florida’s attempts to regulate inappropriate dispensing of prescription drugs and other factors. This period, however, was also marked by a rise in heroin-caused mortality, which may reflect growing heroin abuse as an alternative to prescription opioids. Increases in amphetamines, zolpidem, and inhalantsinduced mortality are an additional public health concern. The data provide important information for understanding the relationships among drug-related deaths, drug-intake patterns, and regulations, which could aid in establishing preventive measures for future drug overdoses. KEYWORDS D R U G - R E L AT E D D E AT H S ; BENZODIAZEPINES, OPIOIDS O 57-7 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN FORENSIC MULTIMEDIA EVIDENCE ANALYSIS Zeno J. Geradts, PhD Netherlands Forensic Institute, Ministry of Justice, Den Haag, SH, Netherlands The growth of multimedia on the internet is increasing exponentially due to the large number of cameras and other sources of video and imaging that are currently available, resulting in issues concerning the digital investigation into the amount of multimedia data. Consequently, it is necessary to 394 have new and intelligent methods developed to filter and find relevant data in big data. Several methods have been developed for indexing multimedia data for faster searches as well as methods such as facial extraction and others that identify biometric features. Additionally, techniques for camera identification are available for finding the images made with the same-source camera. In this presentation, an overview is given of developments in the field, ranging from camera identification to feature extraction from images, as well as searching for features in images and methods for finding hidden features such as veins and heart beats in images. Processes for video restoration of partly erased video files and fragmented parts of a video are likewise a challenge. Detection of manipulation of videos and images is also a field where guidelines have been developed. Forensic validation of these methods as well as determining likelihood ratios and prior incidents remain a challenge. In this presentation, several examples of determining likelihood ratios are presented together with methods for the validation of results. KEYWORDS MULTIMEDIA; DIGITAL INVESTIGATION; FACIAL EXTRACTION O 57-8 THE APPLICATION OF SPECIALIZED PHOTOGRAPHY FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF FORENSIC EVIDENCE Michael E. Gorn, MS Sarasota County Sheriff’s Office, Sarasota, FL, United States Using photography for the enhancement of forensic evidence should be the first step taken in the examination process. Photographic processes are typically nondestructive compared to chemical enhancement as using chemicals to develop patterns and impressions can cause artifacts to appear in the photograph, degrade the detail needed for subsequent comparisons, and/or affect further DNA testing due to the introduction of a liquid reagent. This presentation will focus on specialized photographic techniques and how they can be used to develop contrast between an area of interest and the underlying substrate. The focus will be on infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) techniques, although polarized light photography and coaxial lighting will also be discussed. IR/UV photography has been around for many years; however, it does not appear to have reached widespread use in forensic analysis. One reason WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 might be because conventional IR/UV photography using film was challenging, whereas digital technology can be used by someone with basic camera knowledge as its advent has made the process far simpler. The ability to view evidence in real-time infrared, similar to viewing using a video camera, makes this technology particularly useful for the screening of items in the field and lab. Research into the limits of IR photography will also be discussed, including when it is necessary to move into the chemical arena. The benefits of this technology can be realized on a wide variety of evidence including, but not limited to, bloodstain patterns, gunshot residue, document alteration, victim identification, injury documentation, and fingerprints. This applies to evidence both in the laboratory and in the field. Various camera systems will be discussed, along with the necessary lighting and camera conversions. Examples of how IR and UV photography have been used in casework will be presented and will include the reconstruction of bloodstain patterns on the clothing of suspects in two homicide cases. In both of these cases, infrared photography was crucial in visualizing patterns that could not be readily seen with the naked eye and were needed for the interpretation of events and reconstruction of the incident. The presenter will bring an infrared camera to provide the audience with the opportunity to see the technology firsthand and hopefully appreciate its simplicity as well as the advantages in the visualization of a variety of evidence types. printers in some researches, and frequency analysis has been used to measure the frequencies of halftone bandings. Based on the same theory and method, 50 devices of two models of HP® laser printers with several different photoreceptor drums were sampled and investigated. The bandings in both printed halftone images and black texts were analyzed with signal power spectrum. The objective of this study was to prove the possibility of discriminating documents printed by different laser printers of same type by the means of banding analysis. Three methods were used to optimize the signal extraction, including scanning in reflective mode for halftone images, scanning in film mode, and microscopic imaging with transmitted light for black texts. This study showed that when a set of specific banding frequency components characterized the class signature of a laser printer, the relative intensity of the banding signals consistently exhibited its individuality, which was reflected by the various amplitudes of the frequency components. Banding artifact can be a promising feature for eliminating the suspect printer(s) if the notable differences in relative intensity of banding signals are detected. L A S E R P R I N T E R I N D I V I D U A L I T Y; BANDING ARTIFACT; FREQUENCY ANALYSIS KEYWORDS AAFS SCIENTIFIC SESSTION Oct 16 (Thu) KEYWORDS I R / U V P H O T O G R A P H Y; D I G I TA L TECHNOLOGY; CAMERA SYSTEMS O 57-9 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE INDIVIDUALITIES OF MONOCHROMIC LASER PRINTERS BASED ON BANDING FEATURES Ning Liu, MA1, George Chiu2 , Chuntao Chen1, Daozhong Lv1 1 Department of Forensic Science, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States Banding artifacts, which are caused by photosensitive drum velocity variation or its resultant scanline spacing variation, are often perceived in outputs of laser printers as periodic light and dark bands perpendicular to the print direction. Gear transmission errors have been proven to be the main sources of these types of output density fluctuations, which were addressed as class features for forensic classification of laser 395 WFF2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 35 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): REGIONAL ISSUE I O 35-1 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) FETAL, NEONATAL AND INFANT DEATHS IN CHINA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CASES DETECTED IN TONGJI FORENSIC MEDICAL CENTER FROM 2001 TO 2013 by milk and put in an enclosed space, the other 3 deaths were due to scalding, adverse drug reaction and tumbling injury respectively. The only one homicide case was an abandoned baby thrown down from six-floor by his mother. To sum up, this study indicated that fatal distress, asphyxia due to amniotic fluid aspiration and pneumonia were the main causes of death in fetus period, neonatal period and infancy stage respectively. Presented data would be helpful for epidemiology and clinical therapy. Rongshuai Wang, Liang Liu, Qian Liu Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China KEYWORDS FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; CAUSE OF DEATH; AMNIOTIC FLUID ASPIRATION To determine the causes of death occurred in fetal, neonatal period (<28 days of age) and infancy stage (28 days to 1 year of age) and provide data sources for epidemiology, 137 cases detected in Hubei Tongji Forensic Medicine Centre (TFMC), China, during the period from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2013, were retrospectively studied. For each case, thorough autopsy and pathological examination was performed. The final conclusion was reached by comprehensive analysis of the investigation report, clinical history, autopsy and pathological findings and the toxicological report of the case. Some special methods, such as special stain, virology, biochemistry and genetics tests, were involved in some cases. There were 32 fetal deaths, 65 neonatal (<28 days of age) deaths and 40 infant (28 days to 1 year of age) deaths during Jan 2001 to Dec 2013 in TFMC, comprised by 88 males and 49 females (M : F ratio=1.8 : 1). For fetal deaths, there were 18 males and 14 females (M : F ratio=1.3 : 1), 15 cases (48.5%) were less than 32 weeks of gestation, and the most common cause of fetal death was fetal distress (42.4%). The causes of five fetal deaths were remain unknown. For neonatal deaths, male–female ratio was 2.2 : 1 (45 : 20), the gestations of 46 newborns (70.8%) were range from 37 weeks to 41 weeks. The most common causes of neonatal death were asphyxia due to amniotic fluid aspiration (21 cases) and congenital anomalies (20 cases), including congenital diaphragmatic hernia (6 cases) and congenital heart disease (5 cases). Causes of two neonatal deaths were remain unknown. For infant deaths, there were 25 males and 15 females (M : F ratio=1.7 : 1), 25 cases (25 in 39) concerned with respiratory system diseases. Pneumonia (22 cases) was the main cause of death in infancy. There were 4 cases diagnosed as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). As to manner of death, of the 137 cases, 131 cases were natural deaths, 5 cases were accidental deaths and 1 case was homicide. In accidental deaths, 2 deaths were due to asphyxia O 35-2 396 TRENDS OF FATAL DELIBERATE SELF-HARM IN MANIPAL, INDIA Prashantha Bhagavath, Charan Kishore Shetty, Vikram Palimar Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India Introduction : Suicide represents “a huge human tragedy”, out of 1000 suicides in a day in the world, over 100 occur in the Indian Sub-continent. In India in the span of ten years death due to suicide increased by 62.9% involving all age groups. Studies conducted on the aspects of suicide puts that the suicide rates are greatly influenced by the differences in age, sex, race, religion, culture, marital status; social systems so on and so forth. Therefore this study is attempted to analyze the recent trends in deliberate self-harm reported at Manipal region of India. Materials and Method : Present study was both prospective (October 2010 – May 2012) and retrospective (January 1992 – October 2010) over a span of 20 years (January 1992- May 2012) conducted at the department of Forensic Medicine at Kasturba Medical College Manipal, India. Relevant data regarding the suicide was gathered from the autopsy files maintained in the department of Forensic Medicine, Police inquest reports and Hospital case records. Result : Total 3571 cases were autopsied during this period in the department of Forensic medicine, Kasturba medical college, Manipal, Karnataka, out of which 656 were cases of fatal deliberate self-harm FDSH or Suicide constituting 18.37%. The incidence of fatal deliberate self-harm (FDSH) was more in the age group of 21-30 years and lowest in the age group of less than 10 years and above 60 years. Males (66.5%) outnumbered females in our study. The male female ratio was 2 : 1. Majority of the suicide victims were married WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 (57.3%). Most of the victims of FDSH belonged to the Hindu religion (86.95%). 75% of the decedents of FDSH didn’t have any history of illness. 25% of the victims of FDSH had a history of physical illness and mental illness ranging from hypertension, diabetes, carcinoma to schizophrenia and depression. Despair with life along with financial constraints (79.0%) was the most common motive for the victims of FDSH. The most common method used for FDSH was chemical (74.2%), and oranophosphorous poisons topped the list. The most common physical method adopted was hanging (15.6%). Conclusion : The finding of our study is in accordance with various workers not only in India but studies done worldwide. KEYWORDS FATA L D E L I B E R AT E S E L F - H A R M ; AUTOPSY; PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS (HbCO% ranging between 88,05 and 95,77), 2 people died for cyanide intoxication (with concentrations between 5,17 and 8,85 mcg/ml), in one case there was a synergistic effect of the two substances (carbon monoxide and cyanide). The autopsy showed indicators of exposure to fire before death, without traumatic injuries that could suggest a different cause of death. The contribution of each forensic expert in charge was essential to solve the forensic issues, showing the multidisciplinary and integrated approach as the key to the solution of fire related deaths. KEYWORDS BURNED REMAINS; FIRE VICTIMS; IDENTIFICATION O 35-4 THE ROLE OF THE FORENSIC PATHOLOGIST IN INFECTIOUS EPIDEMICS O 35-3 BURNED CORPSES AFTER FIRE IN A TEXTILE FACTORY: IDENTIFICATION AND FORENSIC ACTIVITIES In December 2013, in the city of Prato a fire broke out in a textile factory, where many Chinese workers were employed. The firefighters recovered the charred remains of 7 people, supposed to be workers of the factory itself. A pool of Forensic experts (two Pathologists, an Odontologist, a Geneticist and a Toxicologist) was appointed by the Judge (Court) in order to identify the victims and to establish the cause of death. The identification was carried out in accordance with INTERPOL protocols (AM and PM form) and in every case one of the three primer identifiers was satisfied. The most important critical issue, often causing mistakes in identification process and in dynamics reconstruction, was the numeration of the corpses during the different forensic and investigation phases (recovery of the corpses, arrival to the morgue and afterwards to the Forensic Science Department in Florence). Related to the cause of death, in 4 cases the toxicological investigations revealed very high levels of carbon monoxide The forensic pathologist is frequently at the epicenter of managing fatalities of man-made mass disasters. The forensic pathologist also has a valuable role in the surveillance, diagnosis and legal doucmentation of infectious epidemics. This presentation will highlight the role of the forensic pathologist in the investigation of H1N1 influenza and fungal meningitis epidemics. A novel H1N1 influenza A virus global epidemic emerged in early 2009. At the request of federal, state and local health departments, eight (8) fatalities due to suspected H1N1 infections were autopsied at the University of Michigan. Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and hemophagocytosis were the most common histologic features. The latter was observed in all fatal cases and considered a possible biological marker of prognosis. Additional findings included acute bronchopneumonia, pulmonary thrombi, and infarction. The histopathological findings added to the unique clinical findings previously described which include obesity, young to middle age adults, male sex and thromboemboli assisted clinicians in the assessment of patient diagnosis and survival. In September of 2012 the Center for Disease Control (CDC) reported cases of fungal meningitis. The origin of the infection was determined to have resulted from the injections of steroid injections contaminated with the fungus Exserohilium rostratum. Southeast Michigan was the epicenter of the reported cases. At the request of public health agencies, the medical examiner provided case 397 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Martina Focardi1, Francesco Mari2 , Ugo Ricci3 , Vilma Pinchi1 1 Department of Health Sciences, Forensic Sciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 2Department of Health Sciences, Division of Forensic Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 3Diagnostic Genetics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy Jeffrey Jentzen Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States WFF2014 surveillance and diagnostic autopsy support. In all, 14,000 patients were exposed with 722 documented infections. The medical examiner played a key role in case surveillance and performed autopsies on all patients with suspected infections. Autopsies confirmed and documented infections in eleven (11) patients, which included subdural hemorrhage, meningitis and spinal abcesse. The medical examiner played an essential role in the surveillance management, diagnosis, and medicolegal doucmentation of the epidemic. These case examples graphically illustrate the role of the forensic pathologist in the management, diagnosis and legal documentation of infectious epidemics. Forensic pathologist plays an essential role in the public health surveillance of infectious disease. KEYWORDS I N F E C T I O U S E P I D E M I C S ; F U N G A L MENINGITIS; H1N1 INFLUENZA existing resources of forensic medicolegal services, mainly on how to be prepared in handling fatalities resulting from the this public helath concern safely and selectively. The experience of other international colleagues in other countries like for example China and other eastern countries in their approach to handling SARS-CoV in 2003-2004 and other influenza viruses would provide a good ground to build upon. KEYWORDS DISASTER; HAJ; INFECTION O 35-6 FORENSIC ASPECTS OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING BY CHARCOAL BURNING IN DENMARK, 2008-2012: AN AUTOPSY BASED STUDY Alexandra Gheorghe, Martin Rune Christiensen The Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark O 35-5 THE EXPERIENCE OF THE SAUDI FORENSIC MEDICOLEGAL SERVICE IN MASS DISASTER IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Khalid Jaber Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia the kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a pivotalm region in Islam. Every year in excess of two millions people gather intensely in a narrow geographic area around the holy city of Mekkah to perform the Haj. The international visitors come from all over the world with varying background of health standards and public health awareness. The local and the international visitors also gather almost two months before the Haj week and many stay behind over for about a month. The swell of population on top of existing rising population puts the mass prepardeness of the forensic medicolegal service in a unique situation. Although natural diseases’ fatalities in Haj account for a considerable portion of the Haj forensic centre work load due to existing diseases, hyperthermia, fatigue and exhaustion, dehydration, but accidents form a major and significnat concern due to crowding, access to accident area propmtly, evacuation of injured or dead, rapidity of response, post mortem identifications, post mortem examinations, grifing procedure and repatriation issues are uniquely challanging. In addition Saudi Arabia has recently experienced reporting large number of cases referred to as Middle Eaastern Rrespiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus infection (MERSCoV), and this adds an additional challange dimension on 398 Carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation is a well-known method of committing suicide. There has been a drastic increase in suicide by inhalation of CO, produced from burning charcoal in some parts of Asia and few studies have reported an increased number of these deaths in Europe. CO – related deaths caused by charcoal burning have, to our knowledge, not been determined in the Danish population before. In this retrospective study we present all autopsied cases of CO poisoning caused by charcoal burning in the period 2008 – 2012. We identified 19 autopsied cases and these represent 11 suicides, 4 accidents and 2 cases of maternal/paternal filicidesuicide. The mean age was 38.2 years and the majority of the decedents were men. In 16 cases carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels were above 50% and in 14 cases we found distinctive cherry red livor mortis. Various concentrations of ethanol and drugs were found in 9 cases. Data suggest that this method has seen a significant increase in Denmark. Therefore, it is highly relevant to elicit attention to the subject, as well as prevent future escalation. CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING; CHARCOAL BURNING; SUICIDE KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 36 OTHERS O 36-3 THE PRESENT SITUATION ANALYSIS AND THOUGHTS AND SUGGESTIONS ON REVITALIZING CHINESE FORENSIC MEDICINE Xinshan Chen Department of Forensic Pathology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China FORENSIC MEDICINE SYSTEM; FORENSIC MEDICINE EDUCATION; CHINA KEYWORDS O 36-4 PUPIL FUNCTION AS AN INDICATOR FOR BEING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS ACTING SUBSTANCES FROM A TRAFFIC-MEDICINE PERSPECTIVE Fabio Monticelli1, Fritz Priemer2 , Ulrich Preiss3 , Michael Böttcher4 , Thomas Kellerr1 1 Forensic Medicine, Paris Lodron University, Salzburg, Austria; 2Institute of Forensic Expert Reports, University Nürtingen-Geislingen, München, Germany; 3Forensic Medicine, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Oldenburg, Germany; 4 MVZ, Labor Dessau, Dessau-Rosslau, Germany More objective measurement methods are still required to evaluate an individual´s driving safety. The applicability and value of infrared pupillography as an objective measurement method to indicate possible influence of central nervous acting substances has been demonstrated in former publications. Healthy test subjects (n=41), as well as persons who were under the influence of drugs and/or medication (n=105), were exposed to different light stimuli using infrared technology in order to demonstrate the relevance of 399 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) China is a great developing country and has become the world’s second largest economic entity, which also has a long, glorious and brilliant history of forensic medicine (FM). As China has different educational and judicial systems compared with the western countries and some shortcomings presently, however, FM has a low status and influence worldwide, which should be reformed and revitalized. The main problems existed currently : ① Structure defects. There are a lot of departments of FM in a city or district with medicolegal personnel dispersed, especially too much clinic of clinical forensic medicine (CFM) in almost every province and county, and some injury cases having different conclusions after being identified several times. ② The development of FM in different places are unbalanced and the personnel qualities are intermingled. Most of medicaolegal workers come directly from high schools and learned medicine and FM for 5 years in different universities or colleges, only a small part of them further to learn three years or 5-6 years to get master’s or doctoral degree respectively. ③ Continuing education. The nation lacks systematic and comprehensive programs and corresponding regulation, and no time and money guarantee. Some departments are laying stress on use but training. ④ Insufficiency on scientific research and academic exchange. The science research achievements of FM have a large gap compared with the world’s advanced countries, and there are a few high-impact research results. Less participation attended the international academic conferences. Almost no representative in foreign country attended Chinese academic conferences of FM at their own expense. ⑤ Medicaolegal identification quality of some cases were not good. E.g. the identification quality of CFM of partial private identification clinics or institutes was lower. Some autopsies for the first time in the basic level units existed non-standard operation, conclusion errors or other relative problems. Some thoughts and suggestions on revitalizing Chinese forensic medicine : ① To reform the system of FM : relative national departments should be as soon as possible to investigate and research in order to probe a new system of FM which suits China’s national conditions and international convention, especially in rationalizing organizations and attribution of FM. For example, to establish several national centers of FM in different large areas of China and some provincial or city’s centers or institutes of medicolegal identification in every province or large city by breaking administrative constraints and assembling different department and institutes,. It is not necessary to set up a medicolegal identification institute in each county and it should be combined optimally or even canceled some private institutes of FM. ② To perform carefully professional standards of FM and promote autopsy legislation. “The Autopsy Rules” of the Ministry of Health in 1979 should be revised into a national law. ③ To strengthen scientific research, continuing education and international academic exchanges in order to enhance the quality of medicolegal staff and the quality of medicolegal identification. To sponsor actively the international academic conference such as International Association of Forensic Science and other professional meetings. WFF2014 specific parameters of the pupillary light reflex in the field of traffic medicine. Based on former reported results the statistical examination was extended to further parameters of the pupillary light reflex, which proved once again the high value of infrared pupillography as a reliable indicator of previous consumption of drugs and/or medication. In our opinion this method is a good addition to regular traffic controls in order to improve the clinical step of the evaluation of roadworthiness. KEYWORDS ROADWORTHINESS; PUPILLOGRAPHY; TOXIKOLOGY O 36-5 BODIES IN PARCELS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Fawzi Benomran Forensic Medicne, Dubai Police/ Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Suspicious methods of body disposal almost always point out to a criminal manner of death. The discovery of an adult body in a parcel; whether thrown in a rubbish dumpster, submerged in water, burned by fire, thrown away in the desert or simply left out in an alleyway, is a strong indication of homicide. Ten of such parcels have been investigated by the author. The bodies found in the parcels had either been intact and complete, dismembered but complete or dismembered and incomplete. The parcels ranged from suitcases, sacs, metal trunks and cardboard boxes. This series did not include cases of infanticide where bodies of illegitimate newly born infants were occasionally found dumped in various forms of parcels. The cause of death ranged from strangulation, stabbing, smothering and blunt trauma to the head. In only one case of the series had the death not been homicidal, but had nevertheless involved a criminal circumstance. It was a corpse of a body packer who had ingested 50 capsules of pure heroin and died accidentally due to leakage of the substance inside his alimentary tract. Each of the 10 cases will be briefly presented and discussed. Photographs from the scene and from the autopsy room will be displayed and explained. KEYWORDS BODIES IN PARCELS; SUSPICIOUS BODY DISPOSAL; HOMICIDE IN DUBAI O 36-6 HOMICIDE PATTERNS AND MOTIVES IN HATAY TURKEY Cem Zeren, Ibrahim Ortanca, Adnan Celikel, Sumeyra Demirkiran, M. Mustafa Arslan Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey Background : Homicide patterns vary from country to country even city to city and include many different features. These are method of killing, genders and ages of victims and perpetrator. Additionally motives of the homicides are also an important issue while approaching to this topic. We aim to determine homicide patterns and motives in our province and discuss them with previous national and international studies. Methods : We collected our data from the crime court records of Hatay province of Turkey concluded between 2009 and 2013 and analyzed them by Microsoft Excel Software. Results : 81 homicides were committed in 5 years. Average age of victims is 34.2 years and 82.9% (n : 68) of them are male, 17.1% (n : 14) are female. Average age of perpetrators are 32,6 years and 94,4% (n : 85) of them are male, 5.6% (n : 5) are female. Most common motivation of homicide is economical reasons 25.9(%). It is followed by partner homicides (12.4%) whose victim is almost always women. Discussion : In concordance with world data male perpetrators far outnumber females in our group and most frequent victims are also men. Women are mostly victims of partner homicides which is a common problem globally. Most common motive of killing that varies among societies is economical reasons in our group. KEYWORDS HOMICIDE; MOTIVES; PARTNER HOMICIDES ORAL PRESENTATION 37 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): NGS / KINSHIP O 37-1 SECOND GENERATION SEQUENCING OF FORENSIC GENETIC STR MARKERS Niels Morling, Borsting C, Fordyce SL, Mogensen HS, Rockenbauer E. Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of 400 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Copenhagen, Denmark Second-generation sequencing (SGS) using Thermo Fisher PGM, Roche/454 and Illumina platforms has proved capable of sequencing the majority of the key forensic genetic STR systems. There are currently several challenges faced with amplicon-based SGS STR typing in forensic genetics, including the lengths of amplicons for CE-typing and lack of uniform data analysis between laboratories. Thermo Fisher has designed a human identification (HID) short tandem repeat (STR) 10-plex panel including amelogenin, CSF1PO, D16S539, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, TH01, TPOX and vWA, where the primers have been designed specifically for the purpose of SGS and the data analysis is supported by Ion Torrent™ software. Hence, the combination of the STR 10-plex and the Ion PGM™ represents the first fully integrated SGS STR typing solution from PCR to data analysis. Full profiles were seen with DNA input down to 50pg, with the exception of a single locus drop-out in one of the 100pg dilutions. Mixtures were investigated in ratios of DNA down to 20 : 1. We have designed SGS investigations of long, complex and compound STRs by use of the Roche 454 technology. These results will be presented together with the PGM data. KEYWORDS SECOND GENERATION SEQUENCING; STR; FORENSIC GENETICS exhibit broad dynamic ranges and high sensitivity, enabling analysis of DNA samples with high mixture ratios. Whereas in conventional STR typing systems, the minor DNA component can be detectable generally if it is comprised of 10% or more of the total extracted DNA. Much like CE, NGS STR assays are compatible with miniSTR primer designs to increase success rate of analyzing degraded DNA samples, while simultaneously sequencing hundreds of loci. In addition, NGS technology is able to detect sequence variation of alleles with the same repeat length and therefore, increasing likelihood of discordant genotype calls between individuals. In this presentation, we describe the development of new NGS STR assays by leveraging Ion Library Preparation and PGM sequencing chemistries. We evaluate the efficacy of the NGS STR typing system combined with the Quantifiler ® Trio Real-Time PCR Kit to determine assay sensitivity and the range of mixed DNA ratios within which positive detection and accurate genotyping of a minor contributor DNA could be obtained. We also discuss the findings of sequence variations of same-length alleles with NGS STR assays from in-house population studies. Our results demonstrate that significant efficiencies of degraded DNA sample processing can be achieved by leveraging short amplicon designs in multiplexing PCR, a robust Ion library preparation workflow in combination with new Ion PGM sequencing chemistries and STR analysis plugins. The information gained from this study will provide the necessary foundation for utilizing NGS technologies in forensic DNA analysis. FORENSIC ADVANTAGES OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY FOR STR GENOTYPING USING THE PERSONAL ION GENOME MACHINE KEYWORDS NGS; DNA; STR O 37-3 Joseph Chang, Chien-Wei Chang, Robert Lagace, Reina Langit, Narasimhan Rajagopalan, Sharon Wootton Human Identification, Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, California, United States Recent advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) Technology is opening up new doors to forensic casework sample analysis. STR assays on a NGS platform provide valuable tools for analyzing challenging forensic DNA samples as they have additional characteristics that are not obtainable with conventional Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) STR assays. First, a combination of a low DNA input requirement and high multiplex capability of NGS STR assays allow analysts to efficiently recover genotype information from limited amounts of available DNA. Coupled with Ion library prep workflows, NGS STR assays MASSIVE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF FORENSIC STR LOCI USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND ITS APPLICATION TO MIXTURE ANALYSIS Eun Hye Kim, In Seok Yang, Sang-Eun Jung, Hwan Young Lee, Woo Ick Yang, Kyoung-Jin Shin Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology which can produce massive sequencing data is expected to become an alternative or an additional approach to overcome the limitation of capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based forensic STR typing, especially in the analyses of mixed samples. However, there has been no available multiplex PCR system that is optimized for NGS analysis of STRs. In this regard, we 401 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) O 37-2 WFF2014 constructed a new multiplex PCR system for NGS analysis of STRs, which composed of 18 markers that include 13 loci in the CODIS, 4 loci of commonly used commercial kits (D2S1338, D19S433, Penta D and Penta E) and Amelogenin. Amplicons were designed to have a size ranging 70 to 210 bp, which is compatible with the read length of currently available NGS platforms and is helpful for the analysis of degraded DNA. To validate the multiplex PCR system, PCR products were generated from single-source samples and the samples mixed in varying ratios, and subsequent barcoded library was prepared and sequenced on a benchtop sequencer, MiSeq system (Illumina). STR genotyping results obtained from NGS analysis were consistent with those from CEbased analyses both for single-source samples and mixed samples. Sequence variations which can help differentiation of alleles from different sources were also detected in some STR loci of two standard DNA and 10 Korean samples. Therefore, the NGS analysis of STRs using the developed multiplex PCR system could be successfully used with mixed samples as well as with single source samples in forensic casework. KEYWORDS N E X T G E N E R AT I O N S E Q U E N C I N G ; FORENSIC STR TYPING; MIXTURE ANALYSIS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) O 37-4 APPLICATION OF THE NUMBER OF ALLELES IDENTICAL BY STATE AND DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS IN FULL SIBLING IDENTIFICATION Li Yuan1, Xu Xu1, He Ren2 , Chong Chen3 , Yan Shi3 , Di Lu1 1 Key Laboratory of Evidence Science of Ministry of Education & Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China; 2 Department of Public Security Science and Technology, Beijing Police College, Beijing, China; 3DNA, Beijing Tongda Shoucheng Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China Objective This paper attempts to formulate and discuss the method of full sibling test by discriminant functions of the number of alleles identical, and examine the effects of different loci test number on the identification results. Methods 344 full sibling (FS) pairs and 3693 unrelated individual (UI) pairs were genotyped in 19(D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1P0, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA, D19S433, D2S1338, D6S1043, PentaD, PentaE and D12S391),21(19 STRs+D2S441+D10S1248) and 39 (21 STRs+ D6S474, D12ATA63, D22S1045, D1S1677, D11S4463, D1S1627, 402 D3S4529, D6S1017, D4S2408, D17S1301, D1GATA113, D18S853, D20S482, D14S1434, D9S1122, D2S1776, D10S1435 and D5S2500) STR loci combination, statistical analysis of the number of alleles identical was carried out, and the discriminant functions and posterior probability of full sib-unrelated individuals were built by using the analytic method of Fisher discriminant in SPSS software. Results In the three STR combinations, frequency of identical alleles in 344 pair of FS and 3693 pair of UI were normally distributed. In each combination, two distribution curves cross, but the cross area decreases with the increase of loci. There existed significant difference in the number of alleles identical between FS pairs and UI pairs in the three combinations. By virtue of SPSS19 and fisher discriminant analysis, this paper set up discriminant function of the number of gens from the three combinations with the discriminant rule L (S)=max[LFS (S), LUI (S)], namely, summing up matching individual categories as larger L value group through discriminant function formula. The discriminant functions of 19, 21, and 39 STR loci in FS groups were LFS=3.336×S19 -40.484, LFS=3.452×S21-46.289, LFS=3.368×S39-84.891, respectively, in UI groups were LUI=1.675×S19-10.725, LUI=1.758×S21-12.523, LUI=1.873×S39-26.738, respectively. The average error rates on 19,21, and 39 STR loci in FS and UI groups were 2.060%, 1.705%, and 0.425%. When 344 pairs of FS and 3693 pairs of UI test 19, 21, and 39 autosomal STR loci, UI gave 22, 23, and 42 alleles identical in maximum while 15,16, and 37 alleles identical were shared between sibling in minimum. If giving the threshold of opinion as “<15, >22”, “<16, >23” and “<37, >42”, the detection system efficiency was about 0.75, 0.81, and 0.99 respectively. Conclusion The method of discriminant analysis of the number of alleles identical had a significant application value in FS-UI test. The more the number of testing loci, the more conducive to FS test. KEYWORDS FULL SIBLING; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; ALLELES IDENTICAL BY STATE O 37-5 COMPLEX KINSHIP ANALYSIS BY MULTIGENOTYPING SYSTEM AND IBS SCORE Yan Liu, Zhen-Min Zhao Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS COMPLEX KINSHIP; FULL SIB; STR GENOTYPE case where the false mother and the child have at least one allele shared at autosomal 46 STR loci. METHOD : 19 autosomal STR loci were amplified using the AmpFlSTR® SinofilerTM kit and PowerPlex®16 System. An additional 27 autosomal STR loci were analyzed using two domestic kits AGCU 21+1 and STRtyper-10G. Further testing of 24 X-STR loci, 40 SNP loci and mtDNA was carried out. Particularly, 24 X-STR loci were amplified using Mentype® Argus X-8 kit and an in-house kit Xplex-16. mtDNA HV1 and HV2 were amplified using primer pairs L16047/ H16464, L29/H408 respectively and the PCR products were sequenced. Additionally, SNP assay was carried out using PLEX-ID system. RESULTS : The alleged mother and the boy shared at least one allele at all 46 tested autosomal STR loci. But, according to the profile data for 24 X-STR and 40 SNP markers, different genotypes at 13 X-STR loci and five SNP loci excluded maternity. Mitochondrial profiles also clearly excluded mother as a parent of the son because they have multiple differences. It was finally found that the alleged mother is the sister of the biological father. CONCLUSIONS : Different kinds of genetic markers needfully supplement the use of autosomal STR loci in case where the alleged parent is suspected to be related to the true parent. KEYWORDS X-STR; SNP; MATERNITY TESTING ORAL PRESENTATION 38 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI): FINGERPRINT O 38-1 O 37-6 SNP AND X-STR AND MTDNA ANALYSIS IN MATERNITY TESTING WHEN THE FALSE MOTHER CAN NOT BE EXCLUDED BY 46 STRS GENOTYPING Li Li1, Yuan Lin1, Yan Liu1, Suhua Zhang1, Chengtao Li1, Shumin Zhao 1, Yacheng Liu2 1 Department of Forensic Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China; 2Department of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing Pubic Security Bureau, Beijing, China OBJECTIVE : To reach an accurate conclusion, SNP, X-STR and mtDNA analysis was applied to an extreme maternity LATENT FINGERMARK DETECTION TECHNIQUES: TOWARDS A MORE FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTANDING THROUGH MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE FINGERMARK RESIDUE Sebastien Moret1, Xanthe Spindler1, Chris Lennard2 , Claude Roux1 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; 2Forensic Science, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, Australia After more than a century of active research, a large number of effective fingermark detection techniques have been developed, targeting the various components of the fingermark residue. However, due to the great complexity of the fingermark itself and to the various parameters 403 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) When a sample of alleged father is not available in a forensic paternity test, the other relative reference sample such as the sample from his full sibs would have to be used to conjecture the absent genetic constitution by the basis of genetic laws. Analysis of multi-genotyping system with identity by state (IBS) Score would help to screen eligible reference samples and identify individual’s genetic relationship on such a tiresome case. A man died in a traffic accident and was cremated after all compensation was pay off. Shortly afterwards an alleged daughter of the dead and her mother claimed for inheritance benefits and was immediately denied by the family members of the unmarried dead man due to suspicious identity of the alleged daughter. Appealed court ordered a DNA test in which the full sibs of the deceased putative father were involved so as to reconstruct their deceased parental genetic data that will be used comparing with the alleged daughter’s for a kinship test of grandparents and grandchild. From eight alleged full sibs, three males were screened out according to the results of autosomal STR genotyping using Goldeneye 20A kit and identity by state (IBS) score because of ineligible mark and were revealed by the results of Y-Chromosome and X-Chromosome STR genotyping that although they have no identical paternal line but have matching data with the others inherited from a same mother’s. when calculating likelihood ratio (LR) of kinship of grandparent and grandchild, the probability of a hereditary allele, which may not be reconstructed due to full sibs’ data overlap, was assigned on the hypothesis of “against positive result” so that the proposition put forward by the alleged daughter will be confirmed by strict standard. WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) affecting their physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties; their detection still represents a challenge for forensic scientists. It has been estimated that 50% of marks on porous substrates remain undetected (Jaber et al., 2012). This is partly due to the fact that detection techniques have usually been developed with a strong focus on the results rather than on a detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved. This approach has led to the development of very efficient detection techniques, but also to some misleading assumptions regarding associated working principles. Undetected fingermarks or background staining can remain unexplained. Moreover, very little is understood regarding the fingermark residue itself. Extended literature on the chemical composition of the fingermark secretions exists (Ramotowski, 2001 ; Girod et al., 2012), but the physical behaviour of the deposit itself remains largely unknown. This study focuses on the fingermark deposit prior to the application of any detection techniques. Light microscopy (bright field, dark field, cross-polarization, phase contrast) and scanning electron microscopy are used conjointly to study the physical properties of fingermarks. Several parameters (e.g. age of the mark, type and amount of secretion, donor, substrates, and environmental factors) are considered to determine their influence on the characteristics of the fingermark. References Girod A., Ramotowski R., Weyermann C. (2012), Composition of fingermark residue : A qualitative and quantitative review, Forensic Science International, 223, 10-24. Jaber N., Lesniewski A., Gabizon H., Shenawi S., Mandler D., Almog J. (2012), Visualization of latent fingermarks by nanotechnology : Reversed development on paper—a remedy to the variation in sweat composition, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 51, 12224-12227. Ramotowski R. S. (2001), Composition of a latent print residue, In : Advances in fingerprint technology, 2nd ed., Lee, H. C., Gaensslen, R. E., Eds., CRC Press : Boca Raton, FL; pp 63-104. KEYWORDS DETECTION; MICROSCOPIC; FUNDAMENTAL O 38-2 FINGERMARK DETECTION USING FUNCTIONALIZED SILICON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES Sebastien Moret1, Andy Becue2 , Claude Roux1, Christophe Champod2 404 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; 2Ecole Des Sciences Criminelles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland 1 Nanoparticles are promising and effective tools for fingermark detection due to key elements, such as a small size, extended surface abilities and tunable optical properties. For these reasons, it currently constitutes a very active field of research (Bécue and Cantú, 2012). Nanoparticles can be applied either as dried powder or in suspension in water or in an organic solvent, in which the item is immersed. While powdering mostly relies on physical processes, the use of a suspension promotes physico-chemical and chemical interactions with the residue, leading to a greater sensitivity and selectivity. Various types of nanoparticles can be applied in that way; including gold (Bécue et al., 2012), silver (Cantú, 2001), metal oxide (Choi et al., 2008) or even semiconductor nanoparticles (Bécue et al., 2009 ; Moret et al., 2013). Despite the results obtained so far, metallic and metal oxide nanoparticle are not, or only weakly luminescent, while strongly luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles (such as quantum dots) may be difficult to functionalise without compromising their optical properties, making them unlikely candidates for further research in the field. This study presents the synthesis and subsequent application of silicon oxide nanoparticles to detect fingermarks on nonporous substrates. Silicon oxide nanoparticles offer several advantages over the above-presented nanoparticles : first, they have versatile surface modification abilities. Various functional groups can indeed be grafted onto their surface during the synthesis. This property offers an opportunity to selectively target some of the numerous components that can be found in the secretion residue. Second, their optical properties can be tuned at will by introducing any dye in their inner structure. Luminescence properties can thus be adjusted to fulfill forensic optical requirements. The preliminary results obtained with silicon oxide nanoparticles applied to fingermark detection are presented. References Bécue A., Cantú A. A. (2012), Fingermark detection using nanoparticles, In : Lee and Gaensslen’s advances in fingerprint technology, 3rd ed., Ramotowski, R. S., Ed., CRC Press LLC; pp 307-379. Bécue A., Moret S., Champod C., Margot P. (2009), Use of quantum dots in aqueous solution to detect blood fingermarks on non-porous surfaces, Forensic Science International, 191, 36-41. Bécue A., Scoundrianos A., Moret S. (2012), Detection of fingermarks by colloidal gold (MMD/SMD) - beyond the pH WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 3 limit, Forensic Science International, 219, 39-49. Cantú A. A. (2001), Silver physical developers for the visualization of latent prints on paper, Forensic Science Review, 13, 29-64. Choi M. J., McDonagh A. M., Maynard P., Roux C. (2008), Metal-containing nanoparticles and nano-structured particles in fingermark detection, Forensic Science International, 179, 87-97. Moret S., Bécue A., Champod C. (2013), Cadmium-free quantum dots in aqueous solution : Potential for fingermark detection, synthesis and an application to the detection of fingermarks in blood on non-porous surfaces, Forensic Science International, 224, 101-110. KEYWORDS NANOPARTICLES; SENSITIVITY; LUMINESCENCE O 38-4 THE HOME OFFICE FINGERMARK VISUALISATION MANUAL Rory Downham Chemistry / Forensics, Home Office Centre for Applied Science and Technology, St Albans, United Kingdom FINGERMARK; FINGERPRINT; MANUAL O 38-5 SINGLE- AND MULTI-TARGET IMMUNOGENIC REAGENTS FOR THE DETECTION OF LATENT FINGERMARKS: FIRST STEPS TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL REAGENT Xanthe Spindler1, Reasmey Tith1, Oliver Hofstetter2 , Chris Lennard3 , Claude Roux1 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; 2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, United States; 3Forensic Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Richmond, Australia The methods currently used for latent fingermark detection in casework fall into three categories – physical, physicochemical and chemical methods – with the specificity for targeting fingermark components rather than the substrate typically increasing from physical through to chemical techniques. While current techniques continue to produce suitable results in the majority of cases, the introduction of recycled and difficult (textured, multi-coloured or security-printed) surfaces has limited the effectiveness of some long-standing methods. Furthermore, most of the current enhancement techniques implemented in forensic workflows produce the best results on fresh fingermarks, with effectiveness rapidly decreasing with latent mark age. An emerging class of fingermark enhancement techniques within the research sphere is biochemical or immunogenic reagents. These reagents, based on aptamers or antibodies to specific components within latent fingermark secretions coupled to a chemical visualisation aid, are sensitive to weak and aged fingermarks that are poorly enhanced by current techniques. Such reagents can be designed to detect natural or contaminating substances, and are highly adaptable. The research presented in this paper discusses the development and validation of a variety of single- and multitarget (or multiplexed) antibody and aptamer-based reagents designed to detect natural latent fingermarks and latent marks contaminated with body fluids deposited on non-porous, semi-porous and porous substrates. Finally, a preliminary assessment of the compatibility of the immunogenic reagents with current forensic examination workflows (e.g., incorporating forensic DNA profiling) will be presented and discussed. KEYWORDS LATENT FINGERMARK; DETECTION; 405 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) The Home Office have conducted research into fingermark enhancement for 40+ years. This research feeds into the Manual of Fingerprint Development Techniques, first published in 1986, and updated in 1998. Significant advances in the processes available and the regulatory landscape (e.g. the adoption of ISO 17025 by mark enhancement laboratories) have made another significant revision necessary. The Fingermark Visualisation Manual, published in January 2014, has been produced to address these issues and to place fingermark enhancement and imaging at the forefront of crime investigation in the 21st century. The presentation will introduce the electronic, interactive format of the new Manual and its key themes of competence and communication between forensic practitioners. It will be shown how the ~1000 pages and images contained in the Manual can be used to train and build the competence of practitioners, and in the planning of laboratory facilities. It will also show how the gathering of information about the fingermark, the surface and the environment they have been exposed to can be used in the selection of the most appropriate enhancement processes and processing sequences. The Manual also looks to the future and contains information about emerging processes and test methodologies for their future implementation. KEYWORDS WFF2014 IMMUNOGENIC of Desio and Vimercate, Desio, Italy; 3None, Private Practice, Roma, Italy O 38-6 A scientific analysis of the phenomenon of dental litigation should be performed collecting and estimating data coming from the different professional environments (private, public) taking into account the different ways of solution of the disputes (judicial and extra-judicial). Given the scarcity of data, the common opinion is that dental litigations are increasing so much that an alarm is generated within the profession. The aim of the present research is to give a scientific representation of the dimension of dental litigation, analyzing the most important features of the litigations (incidence by discipline, compensations) in the different contexts : private practice, public service; judicial and extrajudicial. Materials and Methods : Data related to dental litigations have been collected from: 1. private practice and insurance companies sector, collecting data coming from ANDI (Italian National Dental Association) between 2002 and 2012 (12,000 subscriptions in 2012). 2. dental public service, analyzing data 2008-2012 coming from an Italian Hospital, which provides 250,000 dental treatments/year. 3. judiciary system, analyzing court settlements of the Civil Court of Rome (2007 – 2013). Results : The number of disputes treated in the insurance context and related to private practice shows fluctuations from 2.6% (2002) to 4.6% (2012). In the public field, the incidence of the litigations is 0.16% in 2008 and 0.40% in 2012, with an higher rate of specious disputes in 2012. Between 2007-2012, the court settlements related to dental malpractice halved (4%) respect to the period 2001-2008 (9.5%). Prosthodontics and implantology are the dental specialties more affected by litigation. Conclusions : Dental litigation presents a very low incidence ratio, which is between 1 : 500 and 1 : 1250 of all dental patients. The technical error is the main cause of litigation, while disputes related to the breach of information duty are residual (< 3%). Dental treatment is generally carried out in many visits, therefore mostly the doctor gives a proper information to the patient. The dentist succumbs in the dispute with the patient in the 80-95% of cases, mainly because in civil proceedings the burden of proof bears on dentists and that even a simple documentary lack can lead to an unfavorable outcome. In one third of court trials dentists have no insurance policy. The compensated sums appear on average larger at the outcome of a judicial procedure (mean > 20.000 euros) than after an out of court management of THE RESEARCH OF EXTRACTING FINGERPRINTS ON MULTICOLOR BACKGROUND BY USING THE SPECTRAL IMAGING AND DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY Dan Wang Audio-Visual Material Inspection Technology Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) The research is to extracting the red paint fingerprint on EMS postal express envelope, paper compared the results of the spectral imaging and digital image processing technology. It describes the process in the application of complicated fingerprint extraction. Although the fingerprint with good condition, there is interference by design chromatic stripe and red, yellow, and blue white color background, it increases the level of difficulties of the extraction work. Using digital image processing techniques and spectral imaging examination, a more satisfactory result can be obtained. In the paper each processing step with detailed instruction, to analyze the similarities and differences between two different methods and analysis of the advantages of each method, and provide to make a greater contribution for further similar case. EMS ENVELOPE; RED PAINT FINGERPRINT; T H E S P E C T R A L I M A G I N G ; D I G I TA L I M A G E PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 39 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD): FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY AND JUDICIAL NEEDS O 39-1 DENTAL LITIGATION: THE PHENOMENON IN ITS REALITY Vilma Pinchi1, Stefano Garatti2 , Francesco Pradella1, Giulia Vitale1, Marco Scarpelli1, Valerio Tinozzi3 , Gianaristide Norelli1 1 Department of Forensic Medical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy; 2Clinical Supervision Office, Hospital 406 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 the dispute and therefore, when the professional error is evident, the insistence in the dispute implies higher expenses as well as significant prolongation of time and emotional stress for all parties. The results of the present research indicates that litigations are not increasing neither in the judicial nor in the out of court/insurance context, nor for the number of cases or for the amount of compensations, either in the private practice or in the public service. The alarmist tone sometime used in the field of dental malpractice is not scientifically supported and should be avoided not to damage the professional image and confidence in preventing claim otherwise the risk of defensive dentistry could increase. KEYWORDS PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY; LITIGATION; NEGLIGENCE O 39-2 DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED SOFTWARE TO CALCULATE TOOTH-PULP VOLUME RATIO FROM CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND ITS POSSIBLE APPLICATION TO AGE ESTIMATION Hoon-Ki Lee1, Sang-Seob Lee2 , Jong-Il Yun1, Jeong-Yun Lee1 1 Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea (South); 2 Division of Forensic Odontology, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) TOOTH-PULP VOLUME RATIO; AGE ESTIMATION; AUTOMATED 3D IMAGE PROCESSING KEYWORDS O 39-3 AGE ESTIMATION IN DOWN SYNDROME SUBJECTS Laura Farese2 , Stefano Garatti2 , Vilma Pinchi1, Fabio Brusamolino2 1 Forensic Odontology, University of Florence, Milan, Italy; 2 Special Dentistry Clinic, Desio and Vimercate Hospital, Milan, Italy Background : Down syndrome (DS) is the most well known and common chromosomal disorder in humans. Recent birth statistics in the United States show an increasing prevalence, currently observed at 11.8 per 10,000 births. The dental eruption timing in DS children is supposed to be different from non-syndromic individuals, many authors stated that the eruption of primary and permanent teeth is delayed and that the primary teeth not always had their complete formation before the age of 5 years. Female individuals are more delayed than male. Nowadays the importance of age estimation is increasing because of immigration and adoption reasons. Determining a child’s chronological age and stage of maturation is particularly important in forensic and anthropological fields particularly when only immature skeletal remains are available, or for ethical reasons when many babies with anomalies are abandoned without birth documents in 407 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Tooth is one of the most valuable tissues for the forensic purpose because of its mechanical, chemical and physiological stability over time comparing other forensic specimen. Its own physical and biological properties have been used for identification or age estimation in living individuals as well as dead bodies, while its hard tissue provides a protective shell for DNA inside of it in the body from harsh environment. The decrease of pulp cavity of the tooth by deposition of secondary dentin with aging is one of the properties of the tooth tested the most frequently for age estimation. Various methods using tooth-pulp ratio have been developed and presented based on sectional specimen or two-dimensional or three-dimensional radiographic images. However the results are not consistent yet in its validity, reliability, and usability as an age-estimation method. In this study, we developed and introduced a software to extract the volume of tooth and pulp automatically from the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) that can guarantee the more objective, reproducible, and timesaving way to measure the tooth-pulp volume ratio. Once the threshold density between the tooth, pulp cavity, and bone are defined using an automated tool integrated in the developed software on one cross-sectional CBCT image, regions of interest (ROI) are extracted automatically in the rest of the cross-sectional images to navigate the three dimensional volume of the tooth and pulp cavity and the tooth-pulp volume ratio is finally calculated. This process is done automatically by just indicating the center of the pulp cavity and the area where the tooth is located. The software tracks the change of density from the point pointed at the center of the pulp cavity to the boundary drown to indicate the area where the tooth is located so as to find the border of each structure, which can exclude the any possibility of subjective judgment by the examiner. of course, the result can be corrected, if necessary, by the examiner as well as by changing the threshold of density of hard tissue. In further studies based on a large-scale sample, the most proper threshold to present the most significant relationship between age and tooth/pulp volume ratio and the tooth correlated with age the most will be explored. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 reception center. However, very few studies have been done on people, who for genetic reasons, does not have characteristics of dental and physical development comparable with non-syndromic individuals. AIM : A sample of 60 patients (30 males and 30 females) aged between 7 and 22 years was selected. All subjects were affected by X-21 syndrome.The chronological age was calculated in days (date of X-rays examination - date of birth). Panoramic x-ray was used to analyze teeth anomalies such as agenesis and to evaluate the dental age. The control group was composed of 60 children/youths aged between 7 and 22 with no genetic anomalies.The selection of control group was partially stratified to ensure that all age groups and both sexes were adequately represented. METHODOS : Demirijan, Willems and Cameriere methods with seven teeth were applied to stage the dental maturation. Dental age estimations are provided by an expert in dental age estimation. The difference between estimated age and chronological age is assumed as variable and compared to the values obtained for non-affected children.The velocity pattern of dental mineralization in DS children will be analysed for the possible influence of DS on tooth maturation. CONCLUSION : Our study shows that 51,35%, the 30, 77% and 58,9% of syndromic respectively using Demirijan, Willems and Cameriere methods had delayed mineralization comparing with non-syndromic people with higher female percentage (68%). Within the range 7/14 years our data lead us to believe that Cameriere method is the most suitable to determine the age of DS patients, in fact the determination of the dental age with this method, was closer to chronological age than using the other two methods, in contrast Demirijan has proven to be more suitable within the range 14/16 years. Willems method appears non suitable, in fact our work highlighted that it tends to overestimate the dental age of children affected by DS. KEYWORDS DOWN SYNDROME; AGE ESTIMATION; SPECIAL NEED PEOPLE 3 Oral Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Introduction. Radiographic examination of tooth has been a useful indicator to estimate human age in various cases of forensic odontology. From radiograph, it is possible to determine tooth development such as tooth calcification, tooth eruption, and root resorption. The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive evidence-based atlas to estimate age using tooth calcification, tooth eruption, and root resorption for human individuals between 5 and 23 years in Indonesian population. Materials and Methods. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study of archived material from panoramic radiographs at Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. A total of 304 panoramic radiographs were distributed uniformly by sex and age between 5 and 23 years. Each chronological year was represented by 8 males and 8 females. Modus stage for tooth calcification, tooth eruption, and root resorption for all age categories was used to construct the atlas. Tooth calcification was determined by Demirjian et al method, tooth eruption was assessed by Bengston method, and root resorption was determined by Moorrees et al. method. Results and Conclusions. This study has developed a comprehensive evidence-based atlas to estimate age using tooth calcification, tooth eruption, and root resorption in Indonesian population. There was no significant difference between female and male tooth development and between the right and left region of the tooth development (p>0.05). A G E E S T I M AT I O N ; F O R E N S I C ODONTOLOGY; TOOTH DEVELOPMENT KEYWORDS O 39-5 ACCURACY OF AGE ESTIMATION USING THREE DENTAL DEVELOPMENT SCHEMAS Sakher Alqahtani1, Mark Hector3 , Helen Liversidge2 1 College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2School of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; 3School of Dentistry, Dundee University, Dundee, United Kingdom O 39-4 AGE ESTIMATION USING TOOTH DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN POPULATION Adisty Setyari Putri1, Benindra Nehemia Makes1, Nurtami Soedarsono1 1 Oral Biology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2 Dental Radiology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 408 Aim : To validate an evidence based atlas of dental age estimation and compare its performance with two widely used schemas. Method : Skeletal remains/radiographs of 1514 individuals (32 weeks in-utero to 23 years) were aged using The London Atlas (LA), the Schour and Massler (SM) and Ubelaker (Ub) schemas. Estimated age was compared to real age. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Bias, absolute mean difference and proportion of individuals correctly assigned by age were calculated. To test the application of The London Atlas, a questionnaire was used to validate its use. Ninety 3rd year dental students were divided randomly into three subgroups, and blinded from the researcher. Each group used one of the 3 atlases to estimate the radiographic age of 6 individuals and complete the questionnaire. Results : Excellent reproducibility was observed for all three atlases (Kappa : LA 0.879, SM 0.838 and Ub 0.857). LA showed no bias (P=0.720) and correctly estimated 53% of cases. SM and Ub showed significant bias by consistently underestimating age (P=0.026 and P=0.002) with 35% and 36% correctly estimated for SM and Ub respectively. The mean absolute difference for LA (0.72 years) was smaller than SM (1.15 years) and Ub (1.17 years). LA was preferred over the other two atlases in all quality measures tested (clarity, design, simplicity and selfexplanation) Conclusion : The London Atlas represents a substantial improvement on existing atlases facilitating accurate age estimation from developing teeth with no bias. Development of interactive online and mobile app versions is complete and available to use. KEYWORDS ATLAS OF TOOTH DEVELOPMENT; AGE ESTIMATION; DENTAL DEVELOPMENT FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY/BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE (PBS): PBS I O 40-2 K-WISER: A COMPUTATIONAL-LINGUISTIC APPROACH TO DETECTING DECEPTION IN KOREAN WRITTEN STATEMENTS Carole E Chaski1, Seung-Man Kang2 1 Research and Development, Institute for Linguistic Evidence, Georgetown, Delaware, United States; 2English Education, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea (South) One of the primary techniques that linguistics can provide to criminal and security investigators is the detection of deception through classifying written texts as either substantially truthful or false. Although there has been a great deal of deception-detection research conducted KEYWORDS D E C E P T I O N D E T E C T I O N ; W I T N E S S S TAT E M E N T S ; F O R E N S I C C O M P U TAT I O N A L LINGUISTICS O 40-3 SUICIDE NOTES Faruk Asicioglu1, Sefa Saygili2 409 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) ORAL PRESENTATION 40 in psychology, there has been a much smaller amount of research that focuses on language using linguistics (Picornell 2012; Chaski, Barksdale and Reddington 2014). The most commonly used language-based technique is Sapir’s SCAN : Scientific Content Analysis (Sapir 1987). SCAN has been criticized for various reasons by psychologist-researchers (e.g Vrij 2000), and for its assumptions about linguistic structure by Shuy (1998) and Kang and Lee (2014). Kang and Lee’s work is especially interesting for four reasons. First, Kang and Lee experimentally test SCAN using Korean written statements, and find that the overall accuracy at correctly identifying true versus false statements was 81%. This result is remarkably similar to Driscoll’s (1994) result of 80% when he tested SCAN on English written statements. Second, Kang and Lee report a very low inter-rater reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.57) and correctly interpret this result to mean that the subjects who were asked to use the SCAN are not using the technique consistently and may be using other techniques to attain the overall 81% accuracy. Third, Kang and Lee correctly report that some language-use criteria in SCAN are not universals of language, and that SCAN would need to be modified to be applied cross-linguistically. Finally, Kang and Lee suggest that an approach to deceptiondetection based in computational linguistics could provide a more objective and linguistically sophisticated method than SCAN. In fact, we think that a computational approach is an excellent way to supplement and support criminal investigators and the interviewing and interrogation process. WISER is software that analyzes witness statements and classifies them into true or false categories. WISER has been built using two datasets : the first dataset was derived from students writing true or false narratives, and the second was derived from actual statements written during criminal investigations, and categorized by the investigators as true or false based on other (non-linguistic, forensic) sources of corroborating or contradicting evidence. In English, WISER attained 71% accuracy on the student statements, but a strikingly higher 93% accuracy on the real-world statements (Chaski, Barksdale and Reddington 2014). This talk reports the extension of WISER to Korean written statements. WFF2014 Institute of Forensic Sciences, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Kırklareli, Kırklareli, Turkey IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) 1 Suicide notes and their authenticity are of particular forensic interest. Up to now most studies on suicide notes have dealt with psychiatric evaluation and descriptive studies of the note writers. Whereas, the aim of this study is to ascertain the contents of suicide notes and also to examine how the psychiatric status of a suicidal person. A total of authenticated 32 notes were assessed according to the number of angularity, tremor, tapered ends; variation in spacing between lines, words, and characters; alignment to margins and alignment of words to baseline in the laboratory. Controls were sampled by the handwritings of individuals used in our study published earlier. Pearson chi square and Mann Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluations. The longest note had 1872 characters and the shortest one only 29. Some of the victims left two or more notes. Some of them embellished their notes with well-known poems and psalms. The most common content of suicide notes was an explanation about suicide reasons. The other contents were mainly related to exculpation, apologies, farewell, and a general expression of life being too much to bear. It was observed that the suicide notes were written with various types and colours of pen mostly on a quality paper, and on any kind of materials such as a blue print paper, a page from a blank book, and some other types of papers. It was also observed that a lot of notes are written in a good layout, indicating the importance to the notes given by the victims before the final act. Contrary to certain perceptions, e.g. that suicidal people do not leave a will in their last letter, do not sign the note, do not write dates or times, and are not concerned about survivors, all of these do occur in the notes. Furthermore, five victims dated, two with accurate time, and many of them were concerned with their families and relatives and showed their feelings with the words such as “please look after my daughter,” “nobody is responsible for my death,” and “please don’t send my son to orphanage”. The great majority of the suicide notes had underlined or capitalized words or sentences such as “GOODBYE” or “I DEBT IN 5 MILLION LIRAS TO ALI” in order to highlight the victim’s important messages. Statistically significant variations in spaces between characters and words were observed between suicide notes and controls, but not in spaces between lines. While the numbers of tapered ends do not show a significant difference between the suicide notes and controls, those of angularities and tremors are significantly higher in the suicide notes. It is thought that these augmentations are based on the irremediable psychological state of the victim which gives 410 rise to neuromuscular spasm. As a conclusion, suicide notes are the last communications the suicide victims leave. The psychological evaluation of the content of suicide notes may be used as a strong investigational tool to address the question of intent. SUICIDE NOTES; HANDWRITING; CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION KEYWORDS O 40-4 SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF BRAIN ELECTRICAL OSCILLATION SIGNATURE PROFILING (BEOS_P) - DIFFERENTIATING PERPETRATOR FROM WITNESS. Anjali Yadav, Dr. Asha Srivastava Forensic Psychology Division, Cfsl/cbi, New Delhi, India BEOS profiling is a technique for extracting an electrophysiological signature of the remembrance of an experience acquired through participation in an act. The experience may be related to significant personal episodes or participation in a criminal activity. It is established that remembrance takes place when the cued stimulus is delivered to a subject and the retrieval is automatic and compulsory. The retrieval consists of recreation of sensory-motor mental imageries and emotions, if present, associated with experience triggered by the verbally presented probes. The signature also contains components of sensory registration of the auditory probe, accessing the memory and shift in attention as one attends to the remembrance. The electrical oscillations/activity related to remembrance is called the “Signature” of the experience. BEOS Profiling is used as an aid to investigation in the present forensic scenario. BEOS profiling does not present a question or stimulus to which the suspect must orally or behaviorally respond. On the other hand, the test expects the subject to remain silent and only listen to a narrative presented as short verbal statements in sequence. The objective of the study was to determine if BEOS profile could differentiate a perpetrator from a witness. Issues of sensitivity and specificity of the BEOS test were considered as the study involved a simulated test and a sample of control participants. There were three groups, 1) Perpetrator Group 2) Witness Group and 3) Control Group. A participant from the perpetrator group was accompanied by another participant from the witness group, who moved around with the former and merely witnessed the actions executed by the former. Participants of the perpetrator group carried out WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 some specific tasks according to the designed simulation. The participants from the control group were only provided with the knowledge about the simulation study. Subsequently a BEOS profiling was carried out to study the sensitivity and specificity of BEOS profiling amongst the three groups. However, sensitivity and specificity are determined in the present study using simple statistical measures, after grouping the subjects in the Experimental groups, with a cut off score of “Mean +2SD” value of EK scores of the Control group. Sensitivity of BEOS profiling test is found to be 0.8 for perpetrator group, and the specificity of the test is 1.0. On the other hand, if we are to use the test with the same probes for witness group, its sensitivity falls to 0.66. The results and issues related to motor and visual imageries are discussed in the paper. KEYWORDS BEOS; PROBES; EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE O 40-5 FUNCTION DISORDER ASSESSMENT ON PATIENTS WITH MILD PSYCHIATRIC IMPAIRMENT DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS Qinting Zhang Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY; ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; PSYCHIATRIC IMPAIRMENT KEYWORDS O 40-6 STUDY ON DIFFERENCES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE ASSOCIATED WITH LYING FROM PSYCHOPATHIC TENDENCIES ON CONCEALED INFORMATION TEST Hong Hyeongi1, Ji Hyungki1, Kim Heesong1, Hyun Myoungho2 1 Psychological Forensics Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Department of Psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (South) A mock crime task and the Concealed Information Test (CIT) were given to a group of study participants having primary and secondary psychopathic tendency. The purpose of performing the CIT was to examine the difference of psychophysiological response when being asked with crime-relevant and irrelevant questions. Twenty participants who were within the top 5% on the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) were selected out of 500 college students. Another twenty participants were selected from the lowest 60% of the LSRP score as a control group. All participants were instructed to steal an object in mock crime situation and administered the CIT that measured respiration, skin conductance and heart. The results showed that the respiration was significantly shorter for the crime relevant questions than the irrelevant questions and both psychopathic groups showed significantly shorter respiration than the control group. The skin conductance was higher on crime relevant questions than the irrelevant questions in both groups. Although there was no difference between secondary psychopathic tendency group and the control group on skin conductance, the primary psychopathic group showed a weaker response than the control group. The limitations and the implications of this study are discussed. KEYWORDS PSYCHOPATHY; CONCEALED INFORMATION 411 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Objective To explore the methods to assess the function disorder of patients with mild psychiatric impairment due to road traffic accidents. Methods In contrast to that of the patient with physical impairment, the function disorder of the patient with mild psychiatric impairment was assessed by the standard assessment instruments, such as the Barthel index of ADL (BI), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Physical Self-maintenance Scale (PSMS), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL). Results Except BI, the each total score of FAQ, SDSS, ADL, PSMS, and IADL correlated well with the rank of psychiatric impairment. The difference of each total score of rating scales among different physical impairment rank was not statistically significant. At the impairment rank of level 10, the difference of each total score of FAQ and ADL was not significant between the two groups; each total score of BI, SDSS, and IADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment, while the total score of PSMS in psychiatric impairment was lower than that of physical impairment. At the level 9, except PSMS, the each total score of BI, FAQ, SDSS, IADL and ADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment. At the level 8, except BI and PSMS, the each total score of FAQ, SDSS, IADL and ADL in psychiatric impairment was higher than that of physical impairment. Conclusion The different criteria for assessment of mild psychiatric and physical impairment may exist, and appropriate indexes for assessment between physical and psychiatric impairment need to be further elucidated. WFF2014 TEST (CIT); PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE ORAL PRESENTATION 41 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): REGIONAL ISSUE II O 41-2 RETROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON SUICIDAL DEATHS IN COLOMBO NORTH AND COLOMBO SOUTH TEACHING HOSPITALS IN SRI LANKA (2004-2013) Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 , Nirmala Perera3 , Dhammika Ariyarathne4 , Anjana De Silva5 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 5Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ragama, Sri Lanka significant number of the victims are from the lowest-income group amounting to 20.3%. (< 10,000/LKR) and 51.4% were unemployed. In comparison to the unmarried and those with other relationships, the married contributed to 55.1% of suicidal deaths. Sinhalese contributed to 86.2% of the deaths and Tamils to 6.5%. Majority took place in their homes (64.5%), while workplace (8.7%), public places (9.4%) and isolated areas (5.8%) were the other preferred localities. Previous suicidal attempts were reported in 19.6% and 19.6% were suffering from psychiatric illnesses. Among the reasons for suicide were the breakdown of relationships (13%), family disputes (15.9%), abuse of drugs (4.3%), debts (3.6%) and criminal activity (2.9%). Social isolation was noticed in 18.1% cases and suicidal ideations were expressed by 28.3% cases. In 17.4% of cases suicidal letters were written. Common methods employed with their percentages were as follows : hanging (55.8%), poisoning (25.4%), drowning (5.8%) and other methods (13%). 52.9% of the individuals were addicted to alcohol and 11.6% to recreational drugs. A proper referral system of family members for counseling and involvement of Forensic Pathologists in the suicideprevention programmes would contribute towards a better future. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS Introduction : Suicides take place as a’permanent answer to temporary problems’. Though prevention of suicide is an important topic for Sociologists and Psychiatrists, the degree of involvement of the Forensic Pathologist is minimal as their major concern is finalizing the cause of death without missing a secret homicide. Methodology : This ten year retrospective descriptive study of analysis of suicidal deaths encountered by the researchers was carried out with a view of identifying facets where the Forensic Pathologist could contribute in reducing suicides. A total of 138 suicidal deaths were analyzed. The relevant information regarding the death was gathered during the preautopsy interview from various sources such as the police, relatives, eyewitnesses etc. and from the autopsy findings and scene visit. Already available information was transferred to a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical package. The results may not necessarily reflect a national trend but were certainly helpful in identifying the important factors contributing towards a suicidal death. The gleaned details do have their limitations since a suicidal death is a taboo in Sri Lanka and the relatives, at times may not feel comfortable in providing accurate information. Results and Conclusions : There are two peaks observed in age groups as 21-30 years (23.9%) and 41-50 years (23.2%). The male gender predominates with 75.4% cases. A 412 SUICIDE; HANGING; PREVENTABLE DEATH O 41-3 STATISTICS OF HOMICIDAL CASES FROM 2011-2013 IN DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & MEDICOLEGAL, CIPTO MANGUNKUSUMO HOSPITAL, JAKARTA, INDONESIA Yudy Yudy, Atmadja Djaja Surya Department of Forensic Medicine & Medicolegal, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia For forensic pathologists – and also for institutions that handle the cases –, most homicidal cases can be considered as prestigious cases and surely are highlighted by news media and other stakeholders. Most of the stakeholders need statistical information in order to identify any problems, make plans to resolve them, and act according to the plans. Therefore, the statistics have to be compiled and updated continuously, so various informations related to them can be given if needed. Statistics from 2011-2013 period showed that 7-10% of total cases per year are homicidal cases. Victims were mostly male, age 18-35 years old. Types of trauma found were mostly caused by mixed force (blunt WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 and sharp, 37-44%). We found that only few (2-5%) of the labelling process of the deceased were correct according to what is stated by the law. Our data showed that 76-84% of all homicidal cases were autopsied. Interestingly, the total of autopsy reports taken by the police were increasing every year (53,85% in 2011, 57,14% in 2012, and 59,18% in 2013). This data showed that “administrative correctness” in handling homicidal cases were improving. We hope this data is useful for all the stakeholders of Indonesia medicolegal system. thoracic injuries of 56 (54.9%), abdominal injuries of 31 (30.3%), vertebral injuries 21 (20.5%) and major vessel injuries of 12 (11.7%). The most common mechanism of death was haemorrhagic shock of 90 (88.2%) followed by asphyxia of 7 (6.8%), arrhythmias of 3 (2.9%) and finally septic shock of 2 (1.9%). Conclusion : This study emphasizes the need for better prehospital and hospital trauma management, improved traffic law enforcement, effective traffic related and health policy creation, and the establishment of a national traffic traumatic injury surveillance registry in Fiji. KEYWORDS ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; FRACTURE; HEAD INJURY O 41-4 O 41-5 RETROSPECTIVE AUTOPSY BASED STUDY OF FATAL ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN FIJI FORENSIC AUTOPSY STUDY OF RURAL AREAS WITH SMALL CITIES James J V P Kalougivaki1, Ponnu R Goundar 2 1 Senior Forensic Pathology Registrar, Fiji Institute of Forensic Science, Fiji Police Force, Suva, Fiji; 2Reader and Head, Fiji Institute of Forensic Science, Fiji Police Force, Suva, Fiji Sohyung Park1, Byung Ha Choi1, Hye Jin Park1, HyoungJoong Kim2 , Young-Shick Choi3 , Sung Jin Cho4 , Dae Yeol Kim1, Young Joo Kim1, Whee Yeol Cho5 1 Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic Medicine, Seoul Clinic of Korea Forensic Investigation, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Seoul Institute of Scientific Investigation, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine Investigation, Seoul Institute of Scientific Investgation, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 5Forensic Medicine Division, Gwangju Institute of Scientific Investigation, National Forensic Service, Gwangju, Korea (South) Objective : To describe the demographic profile and distribution of injuries from autopsy cases due to fatal road traffic accidents (RTA) in Fiji. Methods : This is a retrospective autopsy based study consisting of 102 medico-legal autopsies performed by the Fiji Institute of Forensic Science, Fiji Police Force during the period of two calendar years from January 1st 2011 to December 31st 2012. Results : Out of the 1454 medico-legal autopsies performed during the study period, 102 (7%) were due to fatal RTA. There were 72 (70.5%) males and 30 (29.5%) female fatalities with an overall male and female ratio of 2.3 : 1 and the 30 to 44 years age group showed highest number of victims of 30 (29.4%). The months of October in 2011 and August in 2012 took the maximum toll of road traffic deaths of 9 (8.8%) and 12 (11.6%) respectively. The highest number within the road user group were the passengers of 53 (51.9%) followed by the pedestrians and drivers of 32 (31.2%) and 16 (15.6%) respectively. Human behavioural errors or factors by all the road users of 95 (93.1%) was the highest contributing factor and pre-hospital mortality was most common, particularly road traffic death at the scene (51.9%) and those whilst en route to hospital (29.4%). Highest number of injuries according to body regions were head injuries of 67 (65.7%), followed by multiple injuries of 57 (55.6%), Forensic autopsy service has been well established, centralized mainly in Seoul as it is a major city with suburban areas nearby. However, it seems to have various difficulties to rural areas in performing the service because of physical limitations of time, geography or weather; lack of infrastructure, and underlying conceptual resistance against autopsy due to Korea’s cultural and traditional background. Gangwon-do, and certain portions of Gyeonggi-do & Gyeongsangbuk-do Provinces are typically representative regions in that regard, which have much more difficulties because they are mostly comprised of mountainous areas as well as having the characteristics of a typical countryside community. Therefore, we did a retrospective analysis on the autopsy cases performed in the Gangwon-do and certain portions of the Gyeonggi-do & Gyeongsangbuk-do Province for 8 years between 2005 and 2013, in order to determine the nature and characteristics of postmortem examinations in 413 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS S TAT I S T I C S ; H O M I C I D A L C A S E S ; CIPTO MANGUNKUSUMO HOSPITAL, JAKARTA, INDONESIA WFF2014 rural areas. KEYWORDS FORENSIC; AUTOPSY; RURAL O 41-6 INVESTIGATION OF THE CAUSE OF DEATH IN FINLAND IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Ursula Vala, Eeva Siitonen Forensic Medicine Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland In Finland, either the police or a medical doctor must be contacted when death has occurred. The police is responsible for the medicolegal investigation of the cause of death. Correspondingly a medical doctor is responsible for the medical investigation of the cause of death which is used if the deceased person has a serious illness and there is no cause for medicolegal investigation. The causes for medicolegal investigation are a suspicion of homicide, suicide, accident, occupational disease or death do to a medical procedure. Ether a medical or medicolegal autopsy can be performed as a part of the investigation. There are about 50 000 deaths yearly in Finland. In 2013 medicolegal autopsy was performed in 9617 deaths. The rate of medicolegal autopsies is high compared to other countries. The high rate makes cause of death statistics very reliable. On the other hand, the workload is high due to the lack of specialists in forensic medicine. The pros and cons of the Finnish system are discussed. KEYWORDS CAUSE OF DEATH; STATISTICS; LAW ORAL PRESENTATION 42 OTHERS: OTHERS 2 in seawater. Successful recruitment of planktonic stages for benthic plants and animals cells is crucial to the establishment and maintenance of populations of benthic marine organisms. Benthic fouler are typically divided into microfoulers and macrofoulers based on characteristic morphology that form all together developing marine benthic ecosystem. The planktonic cells have the potential to actively influence their position in the environment through behaviors such as phototaxis, chemotaxis, settlement stimulation, and active selection of surface characteristics in microenvironment. The initial stage of fouling process is basically starting from organic compounds to microfouling, and next macrofouilng. Therefore, it is a very important cue to the marine forensic investigation such as structure accidents, drowning and other crimes at costal region. Especially, planktonic stage of microorganisms form biofilm in initial stage of fouling mechanism so that finding in drowning body provide as important evidence which profiled a temporal and spatial pattern. However, it is often conflicting opinions for the reliability of investigation. Thus, an alternative analysis needed to secure the evidence of drowned crimes. In this study, algae were attached to the surface and observed the growth rate and characterization depending on the time. Plankton stage of microfouling organisms such as bacteria, animal laves and algal spores form initial biofilm with varied time and mechanism. Those initial biofilm are influenced by physical, chemical and biological environments and are attracted to macrofoulers. To evaluate their temporal characterization, those were investigated with cell density, absorbance and length by microscopy and spectrophotometer. Measurement of density of fouling algal and animal larvae can be apply to improve the strength evidence of marine forensic investigation with existing one according to the results. We will discuss of marine fouling organism give cue of forensic investigation based on the time inversion of marine fouling organisms. KEYWORDS FOULING ORGANISMS; PKANKTON STAGE, BIOFILM; GROWTH RATE O 42-1 STUDY ON THE TIME INVERSION OF DROWNED VICTIMS BY MARINE FOULING ORGANISMS Hyun Woung Shin1, Il Pyeong Kim2 1 Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea (South); 2Dept. of Investigation, Gunsan Cost Guard, Gunsan, Korea (South) Marine biofouling refer to the attachment of microorganisms, plants, algae, or animal on objective surface of structures 414 O 42-2 A SURVEY OF CULTURABLE BACTERIA ON THE SKIN OF DECOMPOSING SWINE (SUS SCROFA DOMESTICUS) Lauren Chun1, Marcus Miguel1, Emily N. Junkins1, Kayla Balasbas1, Shari L. Forbes2 , David O. Carter1 1 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 University of Honolulu, Honolulu, United States; 2Centre for Forensic Science, School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia KEYWORDS P O S T M O R T E M M I C R O B I O L O G Y; FIMICUTES; GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA O 42-4 VALIDATING AN EQUATION TO ESTIMATE POSTMORTEM INTERVAL ON O’AHU, HAWAI’I Christopher G Inoue1, David O Carter2 1 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, and City and County of Honolulu Department of the Medical Examiner, HI, United States; 2 Laboratory of Forensic Taphonomy, Forensic Sciences Unit, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Hl, United States In medicolegal death investigation, postmortem interval (PMI), or time since death, is one of the key elements of an investigation. Establishing PMI can help to identify the deceased and corroborate testimonial evidence. There are currently several methods to estimate postmortem interval, such as livor mortis, potassium concentration in the vitreous humor, and forensic entomology, but none of these methods both accurately calculate postmortem interval and use a method which can be universally and conveniently applied. To improve our ability to estimate PMI, we implemented a recently developed equation (Vass 2011) at 10 indoor death scenes on O’ahu, Hawai’i. We tested the hypothesis that this equation will not be accurate on O’ahu. In the current experiment, we estimated PMI at death scenes under the jurisdiction of the City & County of Honolulu Department of the Medical Examiner. Temperature and 415 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Postmortem microbiology traditionally focuses on establishing cause of death. However, recent studies have shown that postmortem microorganisms can also provide insight into other aspects of death investigation including postmortem interval. Yet little is known about the ecology of culturable postmortem microorganisms and how their communities change during decomposition. In the current study, we describe the postmortem bacterial community on heads of swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses during decomposition. We hypothesized that culture-dependent techniques will not indicate changes in the structure of the postmortem bacterial community. To test this hypothesis we placed three swine carcasses at an outdoor decomposition site in a tropical savanna ecosystem in the Palalo Valley, Oahu, Hawaii. Carcasses were killed via electrocution and placed at the site one hour postmortem. We swabbed the heads with sterile cotton swabs once a day throughout decomposition (4, 32.5, 57, 73, 96, 120, 144.5 hours postmortem). Swabs were immediately transported to the laboratory, streaked onto standard nutrient agar and cultured at 22 °C. 48 hours later each distinct colony of bacteria was isolated onto sterile standard nutrient agar. Isolates were identified using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF). If MALDI-TOF was unsuccessful isolates were identified genetically using the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We organized the observed bacteria into four temporal groups. The first group consisted of phyla Proteobacteria (Proteus mirabilis) and Firmicutes (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus), which differed from the other three groups because they were observed consistently and at increasing frequency. Proteus mirabilis, particularly, was observed at every sampling time. The second group was observed in the early postmortem period (4h - 32.5 h) and comprised Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria; Firmicutes (Bacillus spp.) was the most common. The third group of bacteria was associated with 32.5 h - 96 h postmortem and comprised phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. Unlike the previous group, Proteobacteria was now equally as prominent as Firmicutes. The fourth group was observed from 73 h -144.5 h postmortem and comprised the same four phyla. Unlike the previous groups, Proteobacteria was the most prominent and was represented by families Xanthomonadaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae with phylum Firmicutes only represented by family Bacillaceae. The head bacterial community was associated with a general shift from Firmicutes to Proteobacteria. Thus, we reject our hypothesis, as our culture-dependent technique allowed us to detect changes in the structure of the postmortem bacterial community. This shift makes sense because Firmicutes are typically well represented on the skin during life, so we would expect them to be abundant during the early postmortem period. The increase in Proteobacteria also makes sense because many of these bacteria, particularly class Gammaproteobacteria, are regularly associated with the gut, putrefaction, and flies. We conclude that the skin of the head initially supported a bacterial community representative of mammalian skin, but this community changed over time as putrefaction progressed. This was probably due to the proliferation of enteric bacteria while insects oviposited and walked on the skin. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 relative humidity data were collected at each death scene and these values, along with an estimate of soft tissue mass loss, were used to generate an estimate of postmortem interval. The estimates were compared to available information about the dates that the decedents were last known alive, in order to determine the accuracy of the formula. Mean values of temperature, relative humidity, and soft tissue mass loss were compared using a t-test. For 5 of the 10 cases (50%), the estimated PMI was consistent with the known PMI. All of these cases had a known PMI of 5 days or less and an estimated soft tissue mass loss of 15% or less. In contrast, all of the cases in which the estimated PMI was inaccurate had known intervals ranging from 4 to 16 days. In 4 of these 5 cases, the estimated soft tissue mass loss was 20% or greater. Mean temperature (P = 0.82) and relative humidity (P = 0.44) were not significantly different between the two groups of cases (accurate vs. inaccurate). However, death scenes with accurate PMI estimates were associated with significantly (P < 0.05) less soft tissue mass loss than death scenes with inaccurate estimates. The current data show that this equation can be accurate in cases with relatively little decomposition. Like many other methods to estimate PMI, the accuracy of this equation decreased as postmortem interval increased. The reason for this is possibly related to climate; the equation was developed in a temperate climate while the current experiment was conducted in a tropical climate. It is probable that corpses follow a different decomposition pattern in these two climates, particularly during the colder months of the year. Also, estimations of soft tissue mass loss were difficult and probably subjective although the measurement of temperature and relative humidity was straightforward with a datalogger. Although this equation was accurate in only 50% of our cases, we believe that PMI estimates can be improved through the development of a standardized system to estimate soft tissue mass loss. Vass, A. A. (2011). The elusive universal post-mortem interval formula. Forensic Science International 204 : 34-40. KEYWORDS PMI; POSTMORTEM INTERVAL; SOFT TISSUE MASS LOSS O 42-5 LIFESTYLE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE - HOW BODY WEIGHT IMPACTS MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY James A J (Rex) Ferris IAFS, Council Member, Tauranga, New Zealand 416 The consequences of drug and alcohol abuse are significant burdens on modern Forensic Science, However abnormal body weight and in particular obesity pose one of the greated risks to health in the modern world. Low body weight (BMI of 15 -18.4) due to anorexia and bulemia is associated with an increased mortality of 47% relative to the reference range. Obesity however (BMI < 30) associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma and apnoea, type 2 diabetes and hypertension has reached epidemic proportions in many countries, (USA < 35%, UK & NZ < 25%). The management of these conditions, usually directed to the control of diet and exercise, is notoriously difficult and in most cases unsuccessful. Obesity involves a complex interaction between social, behavioural, cultural, genetic and physiological factors. The Pickwickian Syndrome is a characteristic of morbid obesity and is characterised by hypoventilation, chronic hypoxia, CO2 narcosis, pulmonary hypertension and chronic right heart failure. This in turn is associated with a significant increase in pulmonary alveolar duct smooth muscle hypertrophy. Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipocytes (fat cells) in direct proportion to adipose tissue mass. Leptin acts centrally and regulates parasympathetic signaling to increase bronchial diameter, however obesity and hyperleptinemia often lead to leptin resistance. Since leptin regulates bronchial diameter, leptin resistance is a likely cause of bronchoconstriction and may account for the clinical features of non-allergic asthma in morbid obesity. Beta cells in the pancreatic islets are the only source of insulin and in obesity, beta cell function and insulin production is enhanced. Insulin resistance is associated with hyperinsulinemia. Leptin resistance in beta cells may contribute to the over production of insulin. Leptin concentration is reported to be proportional not only to total body fat but also the degree of insulin resistance. It appears that hyperinsulinemia may inevitably lead to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is also associated with obstructive sleep apnoea. There is a close relationship between obesity and hypertension. It is reported that leptin and other neuropeptides are also possible links between obesity and hypertension. Insulin sensitivity may lead to endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, vasoconstriction and thus hypertension. There is a close relationship between hyperleptinemia and hypertension and this is supported by the observation that obese leptin deficient mice do not exhibit hypertension. Clearly the over production of leptin by large numbers of adipocytes in obese people is central to many of the disorders seen in the morbidly obese. A possible solution to some of WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 these conditions may be the recent identification of antidiabetic activity of insulin-degrading ezyme inhibitors, such a 6bK, possibly reducing the significance of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and respiratory problems in the obese. KEYWORDS ;; ORAL PRESENTATION 43 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): SW & NEW SYSTEM border control, and human trafficking of children. While studies have focused on buccal swab reference samples, additional sample types such as tissue, semen, teeth, or blood on other substrates can also be processed on the system. The flexibility of the system to handle multiple sample types and run 1 to 7 samples expands the capability of the system to be used for processing crime scene evidence quickly by nonscientific operators. To handle samples with lower amounts of DNA present optimization of a new protocol was needed. Results on optimization of protocols to enable processing of other biological samples such as tissue samples, teeth, fingernails, and semen will be presented. Preliminary data on other STR assays, such as Y chromosome markers will be discussed. O 43-2 PROCESSING BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM CRIME SCENE SAMPLES ON THE RAPIDHIT® SYSTEM FOR INVESTIGATIVE LEAD DEVELOPMENT KEYWORDS SHORT TANDEM REPEATS; RAPID DNA; DNA TYPING Lori K Hennessy Applications/R&D, IntegenX, Pleasanton, United States O 43-3 Jo-Anne Bright1, Duncan Taylor2 , James Curran3 , John Buckleton1 1 Forensic Biology, Esr Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand; 2Forensic Biology, Fssa, South Australia, Australia; 3Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand STRmix is an expert system that applies a fully continuous approach to the interpretation of forensic DNA profiles. STRmix was initially created for implementation across Australia and New Zealand and has been adopted as the new Australasian standard. It has attracted international interest. The Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited (ESR), New Zealand, implemented STRmix into routine forensic casework in August 2012. This presentation gives a brief overview of the continuous statistical model which underpins the software and describes our laboratory’s experience and the benefits realised through its introduction. The improved interpretative capability and advanced database search functionality are both illustrated with examples of challenging profiles. With appropriate care an increased number of mixed DNA profiling results which would have previously been deemed’unresolvable’, can be effectively and objectively assessed. Where relevant, comparison to reference samples from persons of interest can be made and a likelihood ratio calculated. 417 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Many samples collected at crime scenes can take days or weeks to process impacting investigations at their most crucial stage because traditional methods for DNA analysis involves multiple instruments and requires a specialized forensic DNA scientist. However, rapid DNA systems offer a transformative solution to help forensic laboratories and law enforcement agencies solve and prevent crimes. The RapidHIT system integrates the routine laboratory steps by performing cell lysis, DNA isolation, STR amplification, electrophoretic separation, fluorescent detection and data analysis to generate DNA profiles in under two hours. A simplified user interface enables the system to be run by nonexperts and be deployed outside of the laboratory settings (police stations, ports and military checkpoints). The system utilizing PowerPlex®16 HS chemistry has been successfully used by three law enforcement agencies in the USA (e.g., Arizona DPS, City of Palm Bay, Florida and Richland County Sheriff’s Department) as well as in China (e.g., Wuhan Public Security Bureau). These law enforcement agencies generated STR profiles from crime scene samples that identified potential suspects in their current cases. Recently, the GlobalFiler® Express chemistry, a 24 marker STR assay, has been validated on the RapidHIT system and the DNA markers in this assay are commonly used in the majority of international databases. The 9 fold increase in discrimination capacity of this assay and inclusion of 10 mini-STR loci extends the utility of DNA typing applications on the RapidHIT to situations such as, disaster victim identification, LABORATORY IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE USING A CONTINUOUS MODEL FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF DNA PROFILES WFF2014 KEYWORDS INTERPRETATION; CONTINUOUS MODEL; Medical College, Shenyang, China STRMIX O 43-4 POWERQUANT™ SYSTEM: A NEW ROBUST HUMAN AND MALE SPECIFIC DNA QUANTIFICATION SYSTEM THAT MONITORS DNA INTEGRITY. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Jessi Sim Support and Training, Promega Corporation, Perth, Australia Forensic casework samples, are extremely variable in terms of DNA quantity and quality, and therefore, present unique challenges which require DNA analysts to determine the best possible workflow in order to achieve successful STR analysis. Using currently available quantification kits, the analyst relies on quantification values, Auto/Y ratio and IPC Ct shift values to : 1) determine the optimal amount of template in STR assay, 2) choose between running an autosomal and/or Y-STR assay and 3) detect inhibitor content in the sample. However, lack of information about the sample’s DNA quality makes it impossible to distinctly identify samples with low DNA integrity. Consequently, the approach most likely to produce an STR profile from challenging samples may be unclear, leading to repeated sample processing and amplification. To address this need, Promega has developed the PowerQuant™ System, a sensitive, robust quantification kit which incorporates an additional larger autosomal amplicon to monitor the integrity of a DNA in a sample. We will present data demonstrating sensitivity, resistance to inhibitors, ability to detect DNA degradation, species specificity, and male specificity at various ratios of male to female DNA. KEYWORDS QPCR, DNA INTEGRITY, POWERPLEX; INHIBITORS, DEGRADED DNA; STR SYSTEMS, AUTOSOMAL/Y RATIO O 43-5 PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION IN MIXED SEMINAL STAIN OF TWO INDIVIDUALS Baojie Wang1, Mei Ding1, Lu Zhang1, Hao Pang1, Chunhong Wang1, Jun Yao1, Song Han2 , Jiaxin Xing1, Jinfeng Xuan1, Miao Fan1 1 School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Shenyang 418 When applying the analysis method of autosome and Y chromosomal STR to detect the mixed semen sample for two men in sex crimes, this can exclude the unrelated individuals but cannot achieve the purpose of individual differentiation to realize identification. By using three methods, we could solve the personal identification in mixed seminal stain of two individuals to some extent. Method 1 : For mixed semen sample for two men after digestion through differential extraction procedure, detect autosome, Y and X chromosomal STR and the sequence of mtDNA hypervariable region I (HV I). When the sample size of two men is close to each other, the test results could be compared to the suspects. If they meet the double coverage (the alleles of the mixed spectra completely overlap all alleles of two suspects and there is no extra allele.), personal identification can be achieved. When the proportion of two samples is 1 : 2~1 : 10, all of autosome, Y and X chromosomal STR can be detected. The sequence of mtDNA HV I can be obtained from the sample of high copy number. The sample of low copy number can be separated by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and then analyzed by sequence. This method is also used in other mixed samples of two men. Method 2 : For anti-A antibody, anti-B antibody and anti-H antibody labeled with three color fluorescence, adopt immunofluorescence histochemical staining and cell capture technology to enrich sperms of different ABO types in the mixed seminal stains of two individuals, the personal identification can be achieved to some extent. Due to the difference in ABO types, the mixed sperms of 2 individuals can have 21 combinations of ABO genotype. Wherein, for 9 genotype combinations, this method can absolutely distinguish between two individuals; for 6 genotype combinations, this method can distinguish one of the two individuals; for 6 genotype combinations, this method doesn’t work. Method 3 : Using single-cell capture technology to obtain the single sperm cells and detecting the sequence of mtDNA HV I after extracting DNA samples, we can enrich the samples with the same sequence and then analyze autosome chromosomal STR to achieve the purpose of personal identification to some degree. This method can also analyze mtDNA HV II and distinguish two individuals according to different mtDNA sequence to achieve personal identification. This study was supported by the national natural science fund of China. (No.81373244) KEYWORDS MIXED SEMINAL STAIN; STR; ABO WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 43-6 DEVELOPMENT OF TWO NOVEL DNA ANALYSIS METHODS TO IMPROVE WORKFLOW EFFICIENCY FOR CHALLENGING FORENSIC SAMPLES Sudhir Sinha, Hiromi Brown, Anne Montgomery, Gina Pineda, Marion Carroll Forensic Genetics, InnoGenomics Technologies, LLC, New Orleans, United States KEYWORDS DEGRADED DNA; RETROTRANSPOSON; QUANTIFICATION ORAL PRESENTATION 44 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/ SI): FINGERPRINT, ACCREDITATION / TRAINING / EDUCATION O 44-1 ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION OF NANOPARTICLES AS A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATENT FINGERMARKS Roberto Rosa, Paolo Veronesi, Cristina Leonelli Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is an electrochemical materials processing technique carried out in a two electrodes cell; an electric field is applied between two electrodes submerged into a suspension of charged particles, which, as a consequence of the applied voltage, are able to migrate towards the oppositely charged electrode, creating a coating. Among the several advantages of EPD, the possibility to be applied to any solid available as a fine powder, the simplicity of the experimental apparatus, the possibility to use aqueous medium and its immediacy need to be highlighted. Aim of the present work is to demonstrate how the advantages of EPD technique can be proficiently exploited in latent fingermarks development. The conductivity of a metallic substrate bearing a fingermark 419 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) The past 25 years have seen great strides in forensic DNA analysis. Next generation platforms and test systems now provide scientists with tools to evaluate samples consisting of degraded and/or trace DNA with greater efficiency and higher success rates. Reported here are two novel, complementary DNA evaluation and analysis technologies based upon multicopy retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms (RIPs). The two systems, InnoQuant™ and InnoTyper™ in combination, greatly improve workflow efficiency and provide probative results from even the most compromised DNA samples. The first system, InnoQuant™, is a qPCR assay that enables quantification of two different sized amplicons. The targets are Yb8 and a separate retrotransposon, SVA. Both targets are present in greater than 1000 copies per genome with large numbers as fixed insertions. By utilizing two different fluorophores in a TaqMan assay, an accurate quantitation (~1 pg sensitivity) and quality assessment (Quality Index) of forensic DNA samples can be determined. This system also provides information regarding the presence of inhibitors within a sample. This system can accurately predict “true zero”, saving time and money by stopping sample processing after quantitation, if the sample is insufficient for analysis. The second system, InnoTyper™, based on retrotransposon insertion polymorphism, is extremely sensitive and able to analyze highly degraded DNA samples that cannot be profiled with the most advanced STR multiplexes currently available. The InnoTyper™ system is based on analysis of SINE and LINE RIPs. The novel primer design methodology has made possible the creation of small amplicons. These targets have then been multiplexed into a single amplification reaction. An additional advantage of InnoTyper™ markers are their genetic stability. The retrotransposons utilized are identical by descent. These are not potentially transformed by random mutations like identical by state markers, such as INDELS or STRs. Identical parallel insertions for RIPs are not known. Degradation study data will be presented showing the InnoTyper™ system can be utilized for profiling highly degraded DNA samples, thus reducing the need to resort to mtDNA sequencing analysis. InnoTyper™ results provide significantly higher discrimination power when compared to mtDNA. These 20 InnoTyper™ markers range in size from 50-125 bp. These small amplicons result in an extremely sensitive and useful multiplex for forensic samples. When evaluating three major North American populations, these markers generally met Hardy-Weinberg expectations and showed little evidence of detectable levels of linkage disequilibrium between the markers tested. Known paternity trios were also used to evaluate this system. These results will also be presented. Due to small amplicon size and extreme sensitivity, the InnoTyper™ system will prove useful when analyzing degraded DNA samples such as those found in mass disasters and other human identification efforts. In conclusion, InnoQuant™ and InnoTyper™ together can greatly improve a forensic laboratory’s efficiency and challenging sample success rates. WFF2014 residue, will surely exhibit a discontinuity in correspondence of the ridges. This will be consequently reflected by a not homogeneous deposition and interaction of the approaching nanoparticles, allowing to visualize the latent print. Optimization of the technique has been pursued by an organized design of experiments (DoE) approach. The development mechanism will be discussed accounting for several parameters, including pH of the aqueous suspension, Zeta potential, velocity of the particles, average agglomerates size distribution, together with the nature of the secretion originating the residue and its charge. Different kinds of nanoparticles have been tested in order to expand the applicability of the here-proposed technique. ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION; NANOPARTICLES; LATENT FINGERMARKS KEYWORDS O 44-2 THE RESEARCH OF COMPARING THE FINGERPRINT AND THE ARTIFICIAL FINGER STREAK LINE MOULAGE IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Aoyang Yu Trace Examination Technology Department, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China Studying the method of distinguishing and identifying the print of artificial finger cast could prevent and expose these crimes by the copied prints effectively and giving some suggestions to the fingerprint identification device producer. Compare the thickness of the lines of the finger print, the shade of the ink, the defect and transformation of the line and the features of the outline marks of the cast between the fingerprint and the prints of the RTV-2 silicone rubber artificial finger cast in the macroscopic view. Meanwhile, analyze the detail characters in microcosmic level, such as the smoothness of the line, the blemish of ink, endpoint or intersection of the line, the print of sweat pore and so on. Summarize the industrial process features of the artificial finger cast and discuss the method to distinguish the fingerprint from the prints of the artificial finger casts.When the print is clear enough, the kind prints features of silica gel cast are obvious and distinguished easily. However, when the print is indistinct, the thickness and the direction of the line should be considered and other factor are also important for us to considered, such as the shape of detail characters, the thickness of medium and the regularity of the transformation line, then achieve the correct conclusion. 420 FINGERPRINT; ARTIFICIAL FINGER STREAK LINE MOULAGE; IDENTIFY KEYWORDS O 44-4 ANOTHER CSI EFFECT, EFFECTS OF DRAMAS ON CRIMES Hoseon Lee, Byeonggwan Woo, Doyun Seong, Jiwon Park, Dongho Joe Senior Year, Korean National Police University, Yongin-si, Seoul, Korea (South) As there have been a lot of dramas or movies about crimes, the public interest in them is growing up. It is a positive signal that crimes are getting more attention and becoming a major concern of the public. However, the trend of public interests isn’t always approaching positively. Many people would be familiar with a concept of “CSI effect” which means that people expect forensic science to be perfect as they are in some CSI dramas. However, in this study, the topic is another effect of CSI dramas. On a perspective of potential offenders, they learn from CSI dramas. Rather than just leaving their fingerprints without concerns, they wear gloves or even erase their evidences from the scene as the offender in some dramas do. While forensic knowledge is exposed to the public through media, potential offenders are taking advantage of it. At a real crime scene, they do manipulate and fabricate their evidence to make the police confused. To make it short, they make a “staged crime scene” using knowledge they learn from dramas. Introducing a couple of cases which took place in Songpa and Gwanak, Seoul, we will scrutinize the offenders’ bizarre modus operandi thoroughly. In these cases, there were many attempts to ruin the scenes, including erasing their fingerprints, replacing a criminal tool, even flouring the scene, etc which offenders in CSI dramas did. We need to pay attention to the fact that potential offenders are learning from CSI dramas or movies. As I mentioned above, it is a positive signal that the public become familiar with the concept of crimes and forensic science, because the more they have attention to them, the better we can counteract crimes. Meanwhile, potential offenders are learning from CSI dramas to make their crime insoluble. To keep pace with these evolving crimes, it can be helpful to check which dramas or movies the offenders had watched before they committed a crime. Through digital forensic, we can check offenders’ playlist in his or her computer or rental records of DVD. In doing so, we may find clues to understand crime scenes which were unexplainable WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 before. KEYWORDS CSI DRAMAS; STAGED CRIME SCENE; BIZARRE MODUS OPERANDI collaboration, empathy with the suspect/victim and spatial context provided by the VR system. We are applying the tool to an actual case to further validate its usefulness. KEYWORDS VIRTUAL REALITY; CRIME SIMULATION; COLLABORATIVE INVESTIGATION O 44-6 VIRTUAL REALITY BASED COLLABORATIVE CRIME SCENE SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT Youngwon Kim, Changhyeon Lee, Jonggil Ahn, Gerard Jounghyun Kim Department of Computer and Radio Communications Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) ORAL PRESENTATION 45 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD): BITE MARK AND BODY IDENTIFICATION O 45-2 MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC ASPECTS OF TEETH EXPOSED TO ACIDS Hana Eliasova1, Tatjana Dostalova2 , Ivana Turkova1 1 Anthropology, Biology and Physiodetection, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; 2Stomatology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 3Chemistry, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic The idea for this study came from some crime cases when the dead bodies were exposed to some chemicals. The extreme attack not only on soft tissue and bones, but also on teeth is caused by acids. Teeth are very high mineralized components of a human body and can persist long time after decomposition of soft tissues and skeletal structures. But they are purely in a certain degree resistant to chemicals. Namely, integrita of teeth is affected by substances with low pH – acids. The objective of our study was to carry out series of observations focused on morphological changes of teeth exposed to chosen acids solutions. The use of teeth without caries was presumption because caries could modify the destructive process of different teeth structures (enamel, dentine). Teeth placed in acids were observed at periodic time intervals until the complete destruction. Degradation proceedings were recovered by prima vista (macroscopic observation with special camera). Changes were judged by measurements and comparison the discoloration of teeth with colour chart. Microscopic analysis, especially via scanning electron microscopy SEM, can capture morphological changes of teeth during destructive processes and it is feasible to identify the residues of teeth on basis of recognition of the characteristic morphological features of dental tissues. SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis was 421 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Simulation and re-enactment is a very effective method for solving crimes. However, such a method often requires the investigators to conduct the simulation using only drawings and photographs because the crime site is often sealed for preservation or simply not easily accessible. In contrast, the virtual reality (VR) technology not only can provide a realistic and natural simulation environment, but also be extended with tools to facilitate the simulation driven investigation process. In this paper we describe a VR based collaborative crime simulation environment. First the crime scene is reconstructed by capturing and reconstructing the 3D floor plan of the crime scene using a smart phone. The 3D floor model is imported into the simulation environment and added with important objects (e.g. furniture, blood stain, weapon, footprint, dead body) manually using a simple menu driven authoring tool. The system is based on an investigation model lead by two investigators : one (the re-enactor) immersed in the virtual crime scene and reenacting various hypotheses (using a head mounted display) and the other (operator) overlooking the environment and the on-going re-enactment in a 3rd person view point on a desktop computer. The re-enactor and the operator constantly communicate and discuss about their hypotheses and the operator can e.g. make particular arrangements for the reenactor to try out different scenarios (e.g. placement/removal of an object). The virtual environment is calibrated such that the scale of the original crime scene can be equally perceived. In addition, the re-enactor’s motion is captured using the KINECT sensor and skeleton tracking for natural as-is motion based interaction with realistic physical simulation. Selected scenarios and enactments (among many trials) can be saved for further review and replay. Aside from the mere convenience, we believe the proposed system can help expedite the investigation process and make more accurate prognosis, especially due to the dual/multiple perspectives, WFF2014 able to display crystalline reaction products and detect their chemical compositions. There are proved correlation between time of the exposure to the different acid solutions and the degradation rate of dental structures. There was observed that all used acids were capable of causing demineralization. Morphological changes and discoloraion of teeth were different for various acids. Enamel, due to high mineralization, is extremely subjected to destruction. Discoloration especially affects dentine. Our in vitro results were compared with ante mortem known situation, casuistries of identity obstructions and mischances. At the conclusion we note fact that in vitro experiments did not take into account factors present in real-life conditions, e.g. the protection of dental components by soft and hard tissues. However, these experiments can be partially helpful not only for forensic odontologists in the process of personal identification, but also for criminalists (modus operandi determination). Acknowledgments : Many thanks to Petr Švarc for photographing. We are also grateful to Veronika Sekyrová and Štefan Danyi for laboratory support. This research has been supported by VF20102014007 and VG20102015065 (the Ministry of Inferior). KEYWORDS ODONTOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; ACIDS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) O 45-3 COURSE OF FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY WITH FOCUS ON IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWN VICTIMS AFTER MASS DISASTERS Ruediger Lessig Institute of Legal Medicine, Martin-Luther-University of HalleWittenberg, Halle, Germany After the Tsunami 2004 in Southeast Asia one of the experiences of the German DVI Team was the need of well trained dentists in forensic odontology. Many of the colleagues which interested in this field are working in clinics or private practice and had no contact to the routine case work of identification of unknown persons before. The aim of first three courses was to give the dentists the opportunity to understand the different parts of the identification process and have contact with forensic pathology. One of the most important parts was the training in Plass Data. The following courses were a refresher or an intense practice with the dental secretary as a real team of forensic dentistry and a part of the DVI team. D V I ; I D E N T I F I C AT I O N ; F O R E N S I C ODONTOLOGY KEYWORDS O 45-4 THE PROFILE OF LIP PRINT PATTERN OF TWO SUBPOPULATION IN INDONESIA Windrianto Mochamad Atmaji1, Atmadja Djaja Surya2 , Yuniastuti Mindya1 1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-Legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Introduction. Lip Print is profile of sulci and fissures on the mucous layer of human lips, that shows individual characteristic. Some classification and notation of lip print have been introduced by many experts; however among them, the most popular one is that introduced by Tsucihashi and Suzuki in 1970. They classified lip print into six types of lip print based on the feature of the lines, with the analysis on eight quadrants of lips. Indonesia is a huge country inhabited by two hundred and forty million people. Physically, Indonesian people can be divided into two sub populations with different characteristic : the West population (yellow to brown skin color, straight haired,’Mongoloid’ like) and the East population (brown to black skin color, curly haired, and’Negroid’ like). This study is performed to find whether there is any significant differences between lip print profiles of the two sub populations. Materials and Methods. Five hundred Indonesian people, consisted of 477 West people and 99 East people, were examined after giving written informed consent. The profile of lip print was analyzed by direct examination on the sun ray, by using 2.5 dioptry magnifying glass. For documentation and second opinion, the lip prints were also photographed by Nikon D5100 camera and Nikor 18-55 mm lense. Results. West and East Indonesian population showed different profiles of lip print, with the significant differences on type I,type I’, type II, type III,type IV and type V (p <0.005). In the West population, the most frequent types were I’ (36.29%), type II (25.34%), type I (20.55%) and the rarest one was type V (2.41%). In the East population the most frequent types were II (34.91%), type III (27%), type I (17.33%) and the rarest one was type 5 (0.94%). Conclusions. West and East Indonesian population showed different lip print profiles, suggesting that they have the different genetic background. KEYWORDS 422 LIP PRINT; INDONESIAN; SUBPOPULATION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 45-5 IMPORTANCE OF HEALING IN BITE MARK Yasir Osman Yousif Ali , Ogeel Sowar Aldahab , Elhadi Mohi Eldin2 , Yousif Osman Yousif 1, Khalid Kabsor1, Md Salah1 1 Odontology, National Ribat University, Sudan; 2Odontology, University of Khartoum, Sudan; 3Forensic Odontology, National Ribat University, Khartoun, Sudan 1 2 KEYWORDS BITE MARK; BITE MARK; BITE MARK FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY/BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE (PBS): PBS II O 46-1 JUVENILES WHO COMMIT SEXUAL OFFENCES AGAINST MINORS: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS Dilek Celik1, Gokhan Oral2 1 Psychology, Suleyman Sah University, Istanbul, Turkey; 2 Forensic Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Although those who commit sex offenses against minors are often thought of as adults, it is important to understand that a substantial portion of these offenses are committed by other minors who do not fit the image of such terms. According to Turkish Justice Statistics (2014), approximately, 8500 juveniles are alleged to have committed sexual offences against minors between 2010-2013. Interest in youth who commit sexual offences has grown in recent years, but there is still relatively little epidemiological information about juvenile sexual offenders. The aim of present study is to discuss some of the epidemiological characteristics of juvenile sexual offences as well as criticize the legal limitations in false accusations in those offences. Method : A total of 69 juvenile sexual abuse case files gathered from Uskudar Supreme Court for Juveniles and consist of victim, offender and witness statements as well as expert reports about psychological and physiological evidences, are analyzed in depth. While 51 of the cases were classified to be genuine accusations, 18 of them were false accusations. Results : As opposed to characteristics of adult sexual offenders, it is found that%49 of the victims were males, the crime scene was more likely to be either abandoned buildings (%26) or open fields (%28), the victims and the offenders were friends from neighbourhood before the offence (%39). It is also observed that the juveniles are more likely to commit those crimes in pairs or groups. In addition, set of forensic cases will be discussed in which children falsely accused their peer of sexual abuse and then, confessed that there is no actual abuse but it is a consented sexual act between peers during prosecution. The statements of victim children in false allegations are also statistically analyzed using CBCA (Criteria Based Content Analysis) and are found to be less reliable compared to genuine accusations. 423 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Bite mark is a patterned injury in skin or a pattern in an object caused by the biting surfaces of human or animal teeth. The ABFO manual defines a bite mark as (1) a physical alteration in a medium caused by the contact of teeth and (2) a representative pattern left in an object or tissue by the dental structures of an animal or human. The manual then describes a bite mark as “a circular or oval patterned injury consisting of two opposing symmetrical-shaped arches separated at their bases by open spaces. Bite mark is one of the main investigative methods of forensic odontostomatology. The unique pattern of human dentition could manifest as a bite print on victim or food substrate. Such annotation can be very useful for the inspection, analysis and processing of the bite mark in different types of crime. In this case the police referred a suspect who had several injuries on his body for further investigation and to rule in or out his involvement on this crime. Following the (ABFO) guidelines, routine bite mark inspection and analysis was performed at the Forensic Lab of Ribat University Hospital, Ministry of Interior, khartoum,Sudan.mainly based on role of healing process. The deceased victim’s jaw bones and teeth had been reconstructed and compared with what seemed to be bite pattern on the suspect; the injuries in the body of the suspect mimicked the bite mark pattern of the victim. This case proved the significant role of analysis of the bite marks in investigation of violent crime. The Sudanese police head quarter emphasized on the importance of bite mark analysis to be one of the routine department’s investigations whenever needed. ORAL PRESENTATION 46 WFF2014 Discussion : There are substantial differences between, the epidemiological characteristics and “modus operandi” of the adult sexual offenders and juvenile sexual offenders, which necessitate the development of special treatment and management programs. Effective interrogation in child sexual abuse cases is a matter of interdisciplinary phenomenon in which the practitioners working in the field such as lawmakers, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers should be in agreement with the accurate use of forensic concepts. According to The Turkish Criminal Code, the criminal act in child sexual abuse in defined as all kinds of sexual attempt against children who are under the age of fifteen as well as abuse of other children (between the ages of fifteen and eighteen) sexually by force, threat or fraud. In addition the offender is defined as any person who abuses a child sexually. Since, there is no special regulation for peer sexuality in the Code, the cases are continued to be prosecuted as child sexual abuse even if the accused one is also child. The concepts of child sexual abuse and peer sexuality will be discussed concerning their legal, cultural and psychological aspects. JUVENILE SEXUAL OFFENDERS; SEXUAL ABUSE; FALSE ACCUSATIONS KEYWORDS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) O 46-4 FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: DIFFERENTIATE INNOCENT AND GUILTY SUBJECTS IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION CASES IN INDIAN SCENARIO Asha Srivastava, Anjali Yadav Forensic Psychology Division, Cfsl/cbi, New Delhi, India Forensic Psychological Assessment is an invaluable and inestimable tool in the understanding of individual uniqueness. It involves the psychological assessment of behavior in legal settings or with legal application. The objective of Forensic Psychological Assessment is to help the investigator to find out whether the person is guilty or not. Forensic Psychological Assessment helps the investigating agency to identify the deceptive person and to exclude the innocent person form the list of the suspects through non invasive analysis of verbal, non verbal, behavioral and psychological cues During the course of interview, the subject’s Verbal, Behavioral Assessment and Non-verbal Behavioral Assessment, Cognitive Ability, Appearance, Emotional Maturity, Speech and Thought Processes are noted 424 down carefully. The goal of Forensic Psychological Assessment is to obtain maximum understanding of the crime that has been committed from in all possible angles, so that justice can be done to the innocent and the real criminal is punished. The Forensic Psychological Assessment is made by way of administering the : Appropriate Psychological questionnaire, Behavioural Analysis Interview, Attitude, Verbal observation of the subject and Non-verbal behavioral observation of the subject. Neither Supreme Court, nor the NHRC guidelines restricts the applicability and utility of the Forensic Psychological Assessment. Permission of the Court is not required to conduct these tests The result of this technique in cases referred by CBI and other Police Agencies is productive and encouraging. Forensic Psychological Assessment has been done in 100 important national level cases referred by CBI, Delhi Police other State Police Agencies. The objective of the Study was to evaluate a broader range of suspect responses to make a reliable assessment of the witness/suspect credibility. Net Result of Forensic Psychological Assessment Total number of Subjects examined – 100 Number of Subjects found Innocent – 65 Number of Subjects found Guilty – 35 In all these cases, Forensic Psychological Assessment had helped the investigating agency to identify the guilty and to exclude the innocent from a pool of suspects and to obtain maximum understanding of the crime and the criminal from all possible angles, so that justice can be done to the innocent and the real criminal is punished. It helped them in verifying statements of accused, suspects, witnesses and complainants. The interpretation given by the psychologist helped them to come to a logical conclusion as to whether the subject is guilty or not. The Forensic Psychological Assessment in conjunction with other forensic reports and other material evidences can lead to the investigation. The cases in which the Forensic Psychological Assessment was done in CFSL (CBI), New Delhi, the Forensic Psychologist was in a position to identify the deceptive and truthful person and the same was found to be in congruence with the investigation findings. In the absence of any precedent, the Forensic Psychological Assessment will have the persuasive value in the court of law as the same is the opinion of the forensic psychologist. KEYWORDS B E H AV I O R A L A S S E S S M E N T ; PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING; FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 46-5 PREDICTION OF OFFENDER RESIDENCE USING GEOGRAPHIC PROFILING SYSTEM Yeondae Jung Scientific Investigation Center, Korean National Police Agency, Seoul, Korea (South) Geographic profiling is a criminal investigative methodology that analyzes the locations of a connected series of crimes to determine the most probable area of offender residence. Korean police developed the Geographic Profiling System (GeoPros) in 2009 for investigation and crime prediction. In 2010, police adopted cluster analysis in GeoPros and have been using it to predict residence of serial offender. In addition, Scientific Investigation Center developed more sophisticated algorithm for crime prediction in 2013. This study aims to show predictive power and utility for investigation of Korean Geographic Profiling System. For this purpose, the author will mention developing history of GeoPros and explain its basic principles and functions. Also, cases which geographic profiling method were applied will be presented in order to examine predictive power and utility for investigation of analytic algorithm of GeoPros. GEOGRAPHIC PROFILING; SERIAL CRIME; PREDICTION OF RESIDENCE KEYWORDS guilty by the owner who had no second thoughts but to punish them for their wrong-doing. The punishment left them a lifelong mark : a third of their index fingers was chopped off. Guilt, regret and pain followed the next days of their lifes. Medical care was provided to the three of them and the case sent to court for judicial prossecution. A year later, a psychological assessment was undertaken to evaluate the psychological damage the life long deficiency caused so far. All three boys still attend school but changes had to be put in place in order to cope with the new physical deficit. A deficit always present whether they are at home, school or at the playground. ”We shall not do anything like that ever more” the boys unanimously said! This case also has a look into the judicial trial and penalty applied to the torturer - has justice been put into place? Do the boys and families feel justice has been done? A series of recommendations follow. KEYWORDS CHILD VICTIMS; TORTURE; MOZAMBIQUE ORAL PRESENTATION 47 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): FORENSIC IMAGING I O 47-1 A CASE OF CHILD TORTURE IN MOZAMBIQUE Denisse Reves, Virgílio Ceia Serviço de Medicina Legal, Hospital Central de Maputo, Maputo, Mozambique Mozambique has signed up to several international agreements and treaties on the protection and enforcement of children’s rights. Recently the country published laws specifically targeting children and teenagers - examples. Yet child mal-treatment and even torture cases still take place in the country’s capital, city. João, Alberto and Manuel are three youngsters aged 11, 12 and 13 years who live in the outskirts of Maputo. In a busy Saturday they were called to help the village’s busy street café where they usual do small errands. The money drawer was left open at their eyesight and payment was not meeting their expectations as usual, so they decided to go for the short-cut - “perhaps the owner of the café will not notice.” was the base ideia. To their misfortune, at the end of the day money was short and they were plead UTILITY OF POSTMORTEM X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) FOR MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSIES ON DECEDENTS WITH BLUNT FORCE INJURIES Kurt B. Nolte1, Sarah L. Lathrop2 , Gary M. Hatch1, Chandra Y. Gerrard1, Jamie Elifritz3 , Brad W. Cushnyr3 , Gary Mlady3 , Jennifer Pohl3 , Sam W. Andrews2 , Ian D. Paul2 1 Departments of Pathology and Radiology-Center for Forensic Imaging, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States; 2Department of Pathology, Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States; 3 Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States Purpose : We evaluated the utility of postmortem computed tomography (CT) in supplementing or supplanting medicolegal autopsy and in determining the cause of death for decedents with fatal blunt force injuries. Methods : During the study interval, all decedents at our institution prospectively had a full-body postmortem CT 425 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) O 46-6 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 scan prior to autopsy. From these cases, we evaluated a cohort of 167 decedents with blunt force injuries. The scans were interpreted by board-certified radiologists (including head and neck interpretation by a neuroradiologist) and the autopsies were performed by board-certified forensic pathologists. Autopsy pathologists were blinded to the imaging findings and radiologists were blinded to the autopsy findings. Autopsy and radiology reports were coded using the Abbreviated Injury Scale© (AIS) 2005 Update 2008 by a certified AIS coder. The autopsy and radiology reports, AIS codes and cause of death statements for each case were compared for congruence in a consensus conference that included a radiologist and a pathologist who did not initially interpret the autopsy or CT scan being reviewed. Results : The decedents included 126 males and 41 females. The mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collisions (57%), assault (15%), pedestrians or bicyclists struck by motor vehicles (11%), falls (8%), and other (9%). Pathologists and radiologists generated cause of death (COD) statements that matched for 143 (85%) cases. For 15 (9%) cases, only the pathologist had a correct COD. For 6 (4%) cases, only the radiologist had a correct COD. Both the pathologist and radiologist had an incorrect COD in 3 (2%) cases. A total of 3677 injuries were identified in the decedents including those seen by CT only (1720), autopsy only (1058), and autopsy + CT combined (899). of the total injuries, autopsy discovered 1957 (53%) and CT discovered 2619 (71%). For the head region, autopsy identified 59% and CT 72% of injuries. More injuries were detected by CT than autopsy for each injury severity score (ISS) coding region except the external body surface. While the ISS generated by CT and autopsy matched for 22% of cases, autopsy was slightly more likely to result in a greater ISS than CT. For 76 (45%) decedents, the ISS scores differed by 10 or more points between CT and autopsy. There was a statistically significant association between the type of examination and assignment of the most severe ISS of 75 (p=0.018). A moderate (0.63extremities) to strong (0.8- external) positive correlation between maximum AIS scores by region existed when comparing autopsy and CT. However, agreement between maximum AIS scores varied from only slight (kappa=0.17, head) to moderate (kappa=0.46, chest) when agreement by chance was corrected. Conclusions : Both autopsy and CT are imperfect and complementary methods for identifying blunt force injuries. Decedents with blunt force injuries often have a multiplicity of damaged organs and tissues. While neither autopsy nor CT is successful in discovering all of these injuries, each process sufficiently reveals enough of the injuries to independently foster the genesis of accurate cause of death statements. 426 KEYWORDS AUTOPSY; CT SCAN; BLUNT FORCE INJURIES O 47-2 THE EVALUATION OF POST-MORTEM MSCT CORONARY CALCIFICATION SCORE USNG IN DIAGNOSE OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH Wan Lei Forensic, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Abstract : In forensic science, the internal and external scholars have paid more attention to the application of virtual autopsy which is primary used in mechanical death, whereas there are few effective methods to test the sudden coronary death. This research will evaluate the application value of Calcium scoring in indentifying the sudden coronary death in forensic science. Methods : to review 9 cases of sudden coronary death which have been confirmed by autopsy and to apply Agatston’s method to analyzed the calcium degree of coronary quantitively. Comparing with autopsy, if calcium scoring is more than 100, the diagnosis of sudden coronary death will be give. Results : the calcium scoring of 4 sudden coronary deaths is apparent, and the rate of prediction is as 44.4% as high. The pneumonedema is found in 9 cases. Conclusion : the calcium scoring would successfully predict the obvious coronary calcification, but it is not sensitive to slight calcification of sudden coronary death and Angiography is still need to supply a gap. KEYWORDS VIRTUAL ANATOMY; CORONARY ARTERY; CALCIFICATION O 47-3 PATHOLOGICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN INVESTIGATING PEDIATRIC HEAD AND NECK TRAUMA Jeffrey Jentzen Pathology, University, Ann Arbor, United States A recent publication by Matshes et al., “Shaken Infants Die of Neck Trauma, Not of Brain Trauma,” described the pathological findings of infants with a high suspicion of hyperflexion and hyperextension neck trauma. In all cases, autopsies of cervical spine dissection preparations WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME; ABUSIVE HEAD TRAUMA; CHILD ABUSE O 47-4 MULTIPHASE POST-MORTEM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY – RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER VALIDATION STUDY Jochen Grimm1, Silke Grabherr1, Axel Heinemann2 , Giuseppe Guglielmi3 , Krzysztof Wozniak4 , Franziska Eplinius5 , Fabrice Dedouit6 , Florian Fischer7, Guy Rutty8 , Bruno Morgan8 1 Legal Medicine, University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne/geneva and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Institute for Legal Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 3Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; 4Department of Legal Medicine, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; 5Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; 6Department of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Tulouse, Tulouse, France; 7Institute for Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; 8East Midlands Forensic Pathology Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; 9Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Purpose : Post mortem imaging, especially post mortem CT (PMCT), is about to become a routine technique in forensic medicine. However, the diagnostic value of unenhanced CT is limited. The post mortem injection of contrast agent can significantly improve post mortem diagnostics as it enhances soft tissue and parenchyma diagnostics and reliably allows discovering even discrete vascular pathologies. Different technical approaches are pursued across the world, creating a need for validation and standardization of the method in order to increase its acceptance in court and facilitate its transition into forensic routine. With this aim, an international working group has been performing a prospective multicenter study to validate MPMCTA, define its indications and evaluate its advantages and limitations, especially compared to conventional autopsy. Methods and Materials : We report the results of the first 300 of 500 planned cases. All cases received previously published Multi Phase Post Mortem Angiography (MPMCTA, including unenhanced PMCT) followed by conventional autopsy. All findings were recorded for each method (PMCT, MPMCTA, autopsy) and categorized by anatomical structure (bone, parenchyma, soft tissue, vascular) and importance for the forensic case (essential, useful, not important). Results : The majority of findings were visualized with all three techniques. PMCT detected more skeletal lesions than autopsy. MPMCTA was superior to autopsy at identifying skeletal and vascular lesions, where it detected a number of lesions essential to the forensic case which were not detected at autopsy. Conventional autopsy provided better information than PMCT and MPMCTA about essential soft tissue lesions and allowed distinguishing post-mortem vs. intra-vital vascular occlusions. Best results were obtained using the combination of autopsy and MPMCTA. Conclusion : Unenhanced PMCT as part of the MPMCTA protocol is well suited to detect skeletal lesions. Both MPMCTA and autopsy are able to detect potentially essential lesions not detected by the respective other method. This opens the path to defining indications for one or the other method, or a combination. Combining autopsy with 427 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) demonstrated eight “unilateral or bilateral intraneural and/ or perineural hemorrhage involving the nerve roots at spinal levels C3 to C5. The authors promoted that the observed injuries were capable of disrupting innervation to the diaphragm and thus resulting in asphyxia. “They proposed that nerve root hemorrhage at levels C3 to C5 to be a specific marker of hyperflexion/extension injuries sustained due to shaking and other forms of indirect neck trauma that accompany head impact. This paper will present four additional cases of pediatric head and neck trauma, which supports the pathological findings and conclusions of neural root ganglion hemorrhage in victims of shaking by Matshes et al. In addition, we will present radiographic and pathological findings of “coroner-type” fractures of perivertebral metaphyseal rib heads in infants suspected of being shaken. In these cases, pathological examination confirms the suspicion of fracture noted on postmortem CT-scan. In conclusion, the use of postmortem CT directed radiographic cervical postmortem neck dissection as described by Matsches and others is recommended in all cases of suspected child abuse. These studies are increasingly detecting and documenting the presence of significant neck trauma which confirms the presence of injuries resulting from shaking alone or in combination with blunt-force impact to the head in cases of abusive head trauma. This presentation serves as the beginning of a meta-analysis of subtle injuries and their detection in case of fatal and non-fatal child abuse. Reference : Evan W. Matshes, et al., “Shaken Infants Die of Neck Trauma, Not of Brain Trauma,” Acad for Path 2011, 1 (1); 82-91 WFF2014 MPMCTA increases the overall quality of post mortem diagnostics and the diagnostic confidence at determining the cause and manner of death. The results of this study provide researchers and practitioners with a solid data base demonstrating the diagnostic power of PMCT and MPMCTA. Results of previous studies are confirmed, indicating that in a variety of case categories autopsy should no longer be considered the gold standard for post mortem diagnostics, but rather the combination of autopsy with contrast enhanced post mortem imaging techniques like MPMCTA. KEYWORDS FORENSIC IMAGING; MULTI-PHASE POST MORTEM CT ANGIOGRAPHY; TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP POST MORTEM ANGIOGRAPHY METHODS (TWGPAM) O 47-5 CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY STUDIES OF PIG HEART IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Wan Lei Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China Abstract : Objective To establish standardized methods and parameters by the isolated pig heart coronary angiography. Methods Using the remodel angiography equipment, the coronary artery of the pig heart was perfused by the contrast agents. The better contrast agent was chosen by comparing the fat-soluble contrast agent with the water-soluble contrast. On the basis of the different perfusion of contrast agent (50mL, 60mL and 70mL) and the different interval time between perfusion and image (5min, 10min and 20min), 72 cases of isolated pig hearts were divided into 9 groups, with 8 cases each group. Each case was scanned by MSCT and the images were deal with 3D image processing. The images of each group were evaluated and compared with each other by 2 radiologists. The results were analyzed by the statistical software. Results The fat-soluble contrast agent infiltrated and destroyed the surrounding fat of the coronary artery, but the water-soluble contrast agent did not lead to this result. The better images were obtained when the perfusion of contrast agent was 60mL or 70mL and interval time between perfusion and image was 5 minutes. Conclusion Through this study, a set of suitable in vitro cardiac angiography parameters laid to carry out post-coronary angiography in the post-mortem heart. KEYWORDS 428 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY; ANGIOGRAPHY; VIRTOPSY O 47-6 EFFICACY AND EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-PHASE POST MORTEM CT-ANGIOGRAPHY (MPMCTA) ON ALTERED BODIES Christine Chevallier1, Francesco Doenz2 , Paul Vaucher3 , Patrice Mangin1, Silke Grabherr1 1 Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, University, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, University, Geneva, Switzerland Purpose : During the last years, imaging techniques such as MDCT (Multidetector Computed Tomography) have become a routine in forensic investigations in many centers. On decomposed bodies, minimally or non-invasive radiological techniques show great advantages. To quantify the degree of decomposition and other forms of alteration on the radiological images, the “Radiological Alteration Index” (RAI) has been introduced. This index describes the alteration of cadavers by quantifying the presence of gas in the body using postmortem MDCT imaging. To examine the vascular system in detail, post-mortem CT angiography has been introduced. The most frequently used technique is called Multi-phase Post Mortem CT Angiography (MPMCTA) and uses a standardized protocol consisting in the injection of an oily perfusate mixed with contrast media. As such an exam shows great advantages for investigating the vascular system, the question arises if it is still practicable on altered bodies presenting a high RAI. Material and Method : From a database containing 430 cases on which a MPMCTA has been performed, we selected cases which showed an RAI ≥ 50 (group 1). To create a control group, we selected correlative cases showing same age, sex and cause of death but with a RAI ≤ 10. The native CT-scan and each phase of the MPMCTA were then evaluated by a radiologist without specific forensic imaging training and a forensic pathologist with special training in forensic imaging. Results : In group 1, 20 cases of our database could be selected. (Mean RAI = 69.5). The control group (n=20) showed a mean RAI of 2.25. By comparing the results, we observed that several artifacts were correlated to the RAI index. While the control group presented artifacts which were already known for the technique of MPMCTA, we observed additional artifacts in group 1. In cases where the RAI were related to multiple WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 traumatic lesions, those artifacts were partial or nonopacification of cervical and intra-cranial vessels, related to major arterial or venous lesions at thoracic or abdominal levels. Artifacts observed in cases in which the RAI was increased due to cadaveric alteration (putrefaction) were new artifacts which had never been described before. Such artifacts were slight extravasation of contrast agent in the orbits, the cortex of kidneys, and in the surrounding tissue of the spleen and glandular structures such as the thyroid and suprarenal glands. Enhancement of the myocardium could also be observed, which would be considered as pathologic in cases of fresh cadavers. Artifacts due to postmortem blood clots, which are observed regularly in cases of short postmortem delay, seemed to appear less frequently in decomposed bodies. However, appearance of gas bubbles in the vascular lumen, even after contrast agent injection, has been noticed to increase with higher RAI. Conclusion : The performance of MPMCTA in altered bodies is still possible even with a RAI of 100. The diagnostic value of this investigation remains pertinent. However, there are some specific artifacts which are related to a high RAI, especially in decomposed bodies. They are important to know in order to interpret the radiological data correctly. KEYWORDS A L T E R E D B O D I E S ; F O R E N S I C RADIOLOGY; ANGIOGRAPHY TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI): ILLICIT DRUGS O 48-1 CURRENT PATTERNS OF DESIGNER DRUG USE IN THE US ELECTRONIC DANCE MUSIC COMMUNITY Jillian Yeakel1, Barry Logan1, Amanda Mohr1 1 Forensic Toxicology, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2Forensic Toxicology, Nms Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3Forensic Toxicology, American Registry of Pathology, Dover, United States Designer drugs, such as synthetic cathinones and substituted phenethylamines have been introduced into the drug user community over the last 5 years. US authorities have moved to control dangerous compounds as they are discovered, and in response, illicit manufacturers make structural modifications to the drugs in an effort to create legal yet KEYWORDS DESIGNER DRUGS; TOXICOLOGY; NOVEL PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES O 48-2 DESIGNER DRUGS IN BRAZIL 2012/2014: THE LIFE WITHOUT STANDARDS Leandro F. Machado1, Joao C. L Ambrosio1, Adriano O. Maldaner1, Aline L. Oliveira2 , Juliana D. Schlischka1, Clarisse F. Ferreira1 1 Nacional Institute of Criminalistic, Federal Police, Brasilia, Brazil; 2Chemistry Institute, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil 429 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) ORAL PRESENTATION 48 potent stimulant and hallucinogens. The ever-changing drug market has presented a unique problem for medical professionals and toxicologists in identifying the compounds responsible for intoxication or adverse medical effects. Attendees at electronic dance music (EDM) festivals have been documented as having high rates of use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS). We obtained biological samples including urine from anonymous volunteer attendees at a large EDM festival in the US in March of 2014 to determine the patterns of use of known NPS as well as to identify new and emerging compounds. In addition to collecting urine, study participants were asked a series of questions regarding their recent drug use and symptoms experienced. The urine samples were screened via a battery of tests including immunoassay (EIA), full scan GC-MS, LC-QTOF, and RapidFire-MS/MS. The effectiveness of these different screening methods was compared; 75 of the 104 urine samples collected (72%) were positive for drugs of interest by one or more screening techniques, with good agreement between the various methods. The results were also compared to the admissions of drug use, and the substances the volunteers believed they had ingested. The data demonstrated that this EDM sample population had a high rate of use of drug use including NPS and specific compounds detected included methylone, ethylone, dimethylone, 4-fluoroamphetamine, butylone, alpha-PVP and additional unidentified compounds currently undergoing identification. Thirty seven of the 104 subjects (35%) had NPS detected in urine, and 50% of the subjects with any drug present were positive for NPS. The EDM population is a useful sentinel group for studying and identifying patterns of emerging drug use. The drugs identified in the urine samples were frequently different from the drugs the subjects admitted to or believed they were taking. WFF2014 Worldwide the number of new psychotropic substances (synthetic cannabinoids, phenethylamines, cathinones, aminoindanes and plant derived highs) has been increasing year by year. In Brazil, seizures made by the Federal Police have shown a 400% increment in the number of synthetic cannabinoids detected from 2012 to 2014, a 600% growth of the 2-C/NBOMe compounds and approximately 800% in phenethylamine-like substances. Brazilian legislation has been slow to adapt to this new reality and, as of January 2014, only 21 designer compounds are listed as drugs and only 1 synthetic cannabinoid is on the list (JWH – 018). To make matters worse, due to bureaucratic reasons and importation restrictions, access to certified standards is extremely hard. Hence, the forensic laboratory of the Brazilian Federal Police has made a concentrated effort to indubitably identify emerging compounds through accredited methodology (CG/ MS, LC-MS/Q-TOF, FTIR and RMN). Such protocol has allowed our laboratory to generate “home made” standards, establishing an alternative route to the lack of certified standards. Currently, in our laboratory 18 substances have been submitted to the full scope of techniques available and are now being used as work standards. Another 17 substances are under analysis. This communication presents the analytical workflow that has been adopted to identify compounds, the challenge to produce homemade standards and how this program has led to changes in the Brazilian legislation. D E S I G N E R D R U G S ; C E RT I F I E D STANDARDS; LAW ENFORCEMENT IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS socio-cultural background of the abusers and how the habits affect their educational and social life. Methodology : The study was designed as a descriptive cross sectional study with a sample of 630 male school children from grade ten to twelve from ten selected schools in Colombo. Data collection was done through a selfadministered questionnaire and data analysis was done using SPSS. Results and Conclusions : 74% of the study population was aware of the fact that drugs of abuse are consumed by the school children, the common types and their street names and routes of administration. The substances commonly abused with their percentages were as follows : Cigarettes (66%), Alcohol (54%), “Dum kudu” (34%), Marijuana (24%), Beetle/Tobacco (22%) while Hans, “Tablets”, “Corex®”, Hair Gel, “Madanamodaka” and heroin were reported in minor percentages. Peer pressure (56%) and gaining a new experience (42%) were the commonest reasons for initiation. 84% of the subjects have continued to use after the initial experience. 85% of students who abused substances used them with their friends. 77% did not have a specific place for substance abuse. 81% of the subjects lived with their parents. Below average academic performance was noticed in 55% of the subjects. 65% of them had family-related problems while 83% had problems with friends/peers and 62% had relationship problems with partners. KEYWORDS SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SCHOOL CHILDREN; RECREATIONAL DRUGS O 48-4 O 48-3 RECREATIONAL DRUG USE AMONG MALE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN COLOMBO-SRI LANKA Sanjaya Hulathduwa , Jean Perera 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka 1 2 Introduction : Substance abuse has been recognized as a growing problem in Sri Lanka. Several contemporaneous studies done in the South East Asian region show that the commonest target group is the adolescent male school children. This study has been designed to understand the demographic factors, knowledge and perceptions (attitudes), type of substances used, contributing and triggering factors for commencement and continuation of drug abuse and the 430 INCREASED DRUG SEIZURES IN HATAY -TURKEY RELATED TO CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA M.mustafa Arslan, Cem Zeren, Adnan Celikel, Ibrahim Ortanca, Sumeyra Demirkiran Department of Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey Background : Turkey is an important country in terms of drug trafficking since Balkan route of Afghan opiates passes through here and also local cannabis cultivations occur. Hatay, a Syrian neighborhood city of Turkey, is hosting more than 85000 of Syrian refugees escaping from civil war. In this study, we aim to document the effect of Syrian Civil War and refugee movements on illicit drug seizures in Hatay. Material and Methods : In this study, we collected our data retrospectively from the seizure records of Ministry of Justice - Hatay Court House, from 2008 to 2013 and analyze it with WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 PASW Statistics 18 software. Results : While yearly average amount of drug indictments from 2008 to 2010 was 67 by the start of clashes in Syria it was 85% more in 2011, 260% more in 2012 and 270% more in 2013. Conclusion : Lack of security and instability that Syria is going through, and refugee flow from this country resulted in an increased amount of illicit drug seizures, in Hatay. It is suggesting interventions and precautions against drug trading should focus on conflict zones and countries around them. KEYWORDS C I V I L WA R ; I L L I C I T D R U G ; D R U G TRAFFICKING O 48-6 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EMERGING DESIGNER DRUGS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY, ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY, AND DIRECT ANALYSIS IN REAL TIME QUADRUPOLE TIME-OF-FLIGHT Seongshin Gwak, Jose R. Almirall Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, United States KEYWORDS D E S I G N E R D R U G S ; I O N M O B I L I T Y SPECTROMETRY; DART-MS ORAL PRESENTATION 49 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): MICROBIOLOGY & PLANT AND OTHER ANIMAL O 49-1 UTILITY OF SOIL MICROBIOME IN IDENTIFICATION OF CARRION DECOMPOSITION SITE Baneshwar Singh1, Tawni L. Crippen2 , Vanessa Sufrin1, Aaron M. Tarone3 , Jennifer L. Pechal4 , M. Eric Benbow4 , 431 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) The recent proliferation of designer drugs has been a serious concern in law enforcement in the world. The majority of designer drugs that are found on the streets are synthetic cathinones (e.g. bath salts) and synthetic cannabinoids (e.g. Spice, K2), which are produced to circumvent the current legislation for controlled substances with small modifications in chemical structure. The identification and characterization of these drugs have been challenged in many forensic laboratories due to the similar structures and the continuous appearance of new designer drugs on the streets. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel analytical methods which can be readily utilized in forensic laboratories, providing the unambiguous identification and characterization of these emerging designer drugs. In this study, qualitative analysis of these drugs has been performed by relatively new analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), and Direct Analysis in Real Time quadrupole timeof-flight (DART-QTOF). Up to 244 designer drugs have been analyzed by Agilent 7890A GC system coupled to Agilent 7000 Triple Quad tandem mass spectrometer with two ionization sources : electron ionization (EI) and chemical ionization (CI). The implementation of the CI source was beneficial to determine the molecular mass of the drugs that are easily fragmented with the use of an EI source. In addition, developed multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode has shown increased sensitivity and selectivity in the analysis of designer drugs using GCMS/MS. The advantages of IMS and DART-QTOF are the rapid detection and characterization of these substances compared to conventional analytical techniques, such as gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. A significant number of designer drugs have been analyzed by the commercial IMS (Barringer IONSCAN) with a 63Ni ionization source, providing the characteristic reduced mobility (K0) for each drug. The separation and detection of the substances occurred within 20 ms; however, this technique is limited to screening purposes due to the potential false-positive results from the similar K0 values between some of the drugs. As an ambient ionization source, DART (IonSense) allows for the rapid and unambiguous identification of substances coupled to high resolution Agilent 6530 QTOF mass analyzer, providing an exact mass of molecular ions. The acquisition of full scan and product ion scan mass spectra were performed in the positive mode with a mass range of 50 to 600 amu. The auto MS/MS mode was used to differentiate isobars applying different collision energies (CE) at 10, 20, and 40 eV to precursor ions in a quadrupole. The obtained product ion scan mass spectra from DART-QTOF are also compared to the mass spectra from different ionization sources, such as EI, CI, and electrospray ionization (ESI). As a proof-of-concept, the developed methods using different techniques were used to analyze actual seized drugs with the collaboration of the local forensic laboratory. WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Jeffery K. Tomberlin3 1 Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States; 2Food and Feed Safety Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, United States; 3Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States; 4 Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States Microbes associated with carrion, soil, and insects play significant role in carrion decomposition process. As cadaver decompose, it releases nutrients to the underlying soil, which can have significant impact on soil microbial community structure. But whether this change in bacterial community structure will be useful in identification of carrion decomposing sites are currently not known. In this study, 11 human cadavers were placed on pristine sites at the forensic anthropology research facility (FARF) of Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, and soil samples were collected from under the cadavers that were 0 to 24 months old. As a control, soil samples were also collected from 1m and 5m away from the cadavers. DNA extraction was performed using organic extraction method, and extracted DNA was purified using MO BIO PowerClean® DNA CleanUp Kit. Three variable regions (V1-V3) of 16S rRNA gene were amplified from extracted DNA using primer pairs 28F and 519R. Amplified products were sequenced using barcoded 454-pyrosequecning. Sequence data were analyzed using Mothur pipeline for hierarchical classification, diversity estimation, multivariate analyses, and for analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Some statistical analyses were also performed in R. Result from this study suggests that bacterial community structure of soil samples that were collected from under the cadavers were significantly different than bacterial community structure of either 1m or 5m away soil samples. On the other hand bacterial community structure was not significantly different between 1m and 5m away soil samples. Soil under the cadaver had much higher relative sequence abundances of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and TM7 than either soil samples collected at 1m and 5m away from the body. On the hand other hand relative sequence abundance of Acidobacteria was much higher at 1m and 5m away soil samples compared to under the body soil samples. In conclusion, this study provides strong evidence for the first time that soil bacteria can be used as a forensic indicator for identification of potential carrion decomposition sites. Results from this study will help in identification of potential sites where human cadavers might have decomposed. 432 CARRION ECOLOGY; METAGENOMICS; CARRION DECOMPOSITION SITE KEYWORDS O 49-2 DOES HUMAN HANDS BACTERIAL FLORA USEFUL IN FORENSIC SCIENCES? Ayse Kaya, Huseyin Cakan, Filiz Ekim Cevik Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey By means of its scientific ability in identifying evidences, forensic science provides significant contribution to the judicial system all around the world. New types of crimes and criminals brought along by the rapidly developing technology and the changing social life have triggered a process that strengthens the abilities of forensic science applications. As a consequence of this process the field of forensic microbiology among forensic science applications started to gain prominence and through both domestic and international efforts the field in question was developed into an confirmed and developed field of science. In our study we aimed to utilize the remains of bacterial masses people leave on the surfaces they touch for the purposes of forensic identification. With consideration of these characteristics of bacteria in our skin, in one of the studies conducted in recent years it was demonstrated that the determination of bacterial masses on human skin may bring in a new perspective to forensic sciences. In this study the differences between compositions of bacterial masses of different individuals were determined to be statistically significant. Within the scope of study, through the use of sterile swab sticks, samples were collected from the dominant hands of the individuals in our study group, formed of students and employees of the Institute of Forensic Medicine of the Istanbul University whose informed consents were obtained in advance. In addition, samples were also taken from the personal belongings of these individuals. Collected samples were subjected to microbiological culture analyses and planted on the related plates in terms of Gram negative bacteria, Gram positive bacteria and Fungal culture. Whether or not microorganism reproduction takes place were examined through culturing. In cases where reproduction is confirmed, diagnoses were made through species identification of the microorganisms with the use of commercial identification kits. Significant microorganism matches were determined as a result of the evaluation of the data obtained in consequence of the microbiological analyses carried out on the samples WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 collected with the consideration of the varying socioeconomic statuses and demographical characteristics of the participants. Particularly, while Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium sp, Propionibacterium acnes, Micrococcus luteus, Diplococcus sp produced from Gram positive bacteria and Bacillus sp produced from Gram negative bacteria, mostly Candida sp produced from yeasts. These obtained data indicates that the differences between bacterial masses on skin are much larger than what was known previously. Within the light of this study, the high diversity of the bacterial masses on skin may be explained with the differences between individuals. It is possible to assert that bacterial masses on skin may be personalized by means of the match between the bacteria available on the skin of the person and those on the surface of the object the person touches. Through this characteristic nature of bacteria, we aim to utilize the microorganisms that are not visible to the naked eye as evidences by being able to determine who has touched an object in question. BACTERIAL FORENSICS; SKIN MICROBIOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS KEYWORDS O 49-3 Zakaria Ikhwan1, Mohamed Abdul Majid1, Surin Johari2 , Omar Baharuddin3 1 Pusat Asasi Sains, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia The growth curves of C. megacephala was studied at six temperature regimes; 25°C, 27°C, 29°C, 31°C, 33°C and 35°C. Five of the largest looking maggots were removed from all the rearing jars every 12h for the first 72h; and every 24h for the subsequent developmental time, for measurements. Best-fitted line regression analysis was done on growth curves of each developmental stage, and box plot for every 24h growth for comparisons between temperatures regimes were drawn. C. megacephala larvae reached their maximum length of 13.52 ± 0.65 mm, on day 6 at 25°C. The maximum larval length for 27°C, 29°C and 31°C were KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C E N TO M O L O G Y; C.MEGACEPHALA; GROWTH CURVES O 49-4 THE SUCCESSION PATTERN OF FORENSICALLY IMPORTANT COLEOPTERA ON PIG CARCASSES IN SOUTHERN CHONGQING Zhou Lv1, Rui Tang1, Yongqiang Yang2 , Lvzi Xu1, Lihua Wan1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; 2 Wansheng District Sub-Bureau, Public Security Bureau of Chongqing, Chongqing, China The succession pattern of carrion insects on vertebrate carcasses is widely accepted as an effective method to estimate the postmortem interval of decayed bodies. However, there were only several reports in this field in China. This study was performed in a mountain (28°57′ 10″N; 106°56′3″E, alt. 350 m) in southern suburbs of Chongqing City. Four Guangxi Bama minipigs (Sus scrofa L.) weighted 6.9 - 9.1 kg were used from winter of 2012 to autumn of 2013. Minipigs were killed by a sharp blow to the head and put into a modified version of Schoenly trap (Prado e Castro 2009) in 1 h. A digital thermo-hygrometer was used to record temperature and relative humidity. We distinguished the process of decomposition into five stages following Payne’s classification : fresh, bloated, active decay, advanced decay, and remains. Samples were collected from the trap once a day during the fresh, bloat, and decay stages, and once 2 - 3 days during the advanced decay and remains stages. A total of 992 adults and 558 immature of Coleoptera were collected, and 29 species from 9 families were identified. Highest values of Coleoptera abundance and species richness were found in spring. The results showed that there were 6 highly carcass-related families in southern suburbs of Chongqing City : Staphylinidae, Silphidae, and Histeridae, Cleridae, Nitidulidae and Dermestidae. Necrodes nigricornis (Coleoptera : Silphidae), Omosita sp. (Coleoptera : Nitidulidae) and their larvae were the dominant species 433 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) GROWTH CURVES OF C. MEGACEPHALA (FABRICIUS) (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE) LARVAE AT SIX CONSTANT TEMPERATURE REGIMES FOR ESTIMATION OF POST MORTEM INTERVALS (PMI) IN MALAYSIA. 15.46 ± 0.60 mm, 14.96 ± 0.4 0mm and 15.26 ± 0.53 mm respectively, observed on day 5. For both 33°C and 35°C temperature regimes, the larvae reached their maximum length on day 4, measured 15.40 ± 0.70 mm and 14.58 ± 0.92 mm respectively. Maggots reared in higher temperature regimes (31°C, 33°C and 35°C), reached the maximal length faster and pupated earlier. WFF2014 in spring, while Necrobia ruficollis (Coleoptera : Cleridae) and larvae of Dermestes sp. (Coleoptera : Dermestidae) dominate in summer. N. ruficollis was the only dominant species in autumn. It was very interesting that the succession of Coleoptera did not follow those classic patterns of other similar reseaches in winter. Beetles only activated at the end of winter when temperature warming up. Beetles colonized the body since bloated stage and become the peak during the decay and advanced decay stages in spring and autumn. In summer, Euspilotus azurescens (Coleoptera : Histeridae) and N. nigricornis invaded the carcass in 24 h at the later stage of fresh. Larvae of Dermestes could reach a very high population in advanced decay and remains stages in summer. In addition, although the average temperature in summer and autumn were similar, as the result of reducing of population of predatory beetles in autumn, the mortality of larvae of necrophagous flies was reduced greatly. Therefore, the process of carcass corruption was much faster than that in summer. Schedule I drugs. Morning glory and Datura plants produce alkaloids that may be directly ingested or further prepared as illicit drugs. Morning glory seeds contain d-lysergic acid amide, a compound chemically similar to psychedelic LSD. Datura produce hallucinogenic alkaloids that include hyoscyamine, scopolamine and atropine. Differentiation of plant drug species is relevant to forensic science. Currently, differentiation of these drug-producing plant species is based on microscopic morphological analysis. DNA-based methods have the potential to assay trace plant material, seeds and mixtures of botanical matter. The purpose of this research was to develop a single, low-cost, multiplex real-time PCR genetic assay to identify trace amounts of aforementioned plant DNA mingled with human DNA from fingerprints or saliva. In addition, DNA recovery from plant seeds and leaves will be reported. KEYWORDS REAL-TIME PCR; PLANT DIFFERENTIATION; DNA ASSAY FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY; SUCCESSION; COLEOPTERA KEYWORDS ORAL PRESENTATION 50 O 49-5 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) DEVELOPMENT OF A GENETIC ASSAY TO IDENTIFY DRUG-CONTAINING PLANT SPECIES IN A MIXTURE Kelly Elkins, Anjelica Perez Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, Md, United States The 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health by the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported that an estimated 23.9 million Americans (9.2% population) aged 12 or older were current users of illicit drugs in 2012. By far the most commonly used illicit drug was marijuana with 18.9 million users in the month prior to the interviews. In routine forensic casework, it is sometimes necessary to identify the nonhuman species to track drug distribution networks, verify alibis and locate kidnapping victims. Most forensic evidence contains trace material and mixtures. In particular cases, the species origin has a primary legal value or significance to a case. Current drug tests cannot identify the plant source, if any. Cannabis, morning glory, Datura and poppy plant species are commercially-available and legal flowering plants that naturally produce psychoactive compounds. Cannabis produce hallucinogenic tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) while poppy plants produce analgesic opiates like heroin. Both THC and heroin are U.S. Federal Controlled Substance 434 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/ SI): ACCREDITATION / TRAINING / EDUCATION, SCENE INVESTIGATION O 50-2 LINKAGE OF CRIMINAL CASES USING SHOEPRINT LEFT AT CRIME SCENE BASED ON THE MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Huanzhang Fu Marks Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing, China Shoeprint is one of the most frequent evidences in the crime scene investigation; however, how to efficiently use it to solve the criminal cases remains a difficult and complex problem. In modern society, the development of computer science, network technology, image processing and pattern recognition techniques as well as their related theories and application techniques gives birth to some new possible methods to improve the utilization of shoeprint. Moreover, along with the rapid development of China’s economy, the number of the crimes of fleeing hither and thither increased also rapidly. In this background, we have constructed a shoeprint information system based on the modern information technology, which is composed WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 of three main parts, namely the application platform for shoeprint information collaborative searching, the database of shoeprint collected at crime scenes and the engine of pattern recognition, with the purpose of realizing the linkage of criminal cases quickly and precisely using shoeprint throughout the whole country. We would like to share our experiences in the construction and application of this system in this presentation. S H O E P R I N T; L I N K A G E O F C A S E S ; APPLICATION SYSTEM KEYWORDS O 50-3 from a large Bradford Pear (Pyrus calleryana) branch 6-12 cm in diameter. The cut sections were juxtaposed and photographed using oblique lighting to visualize the patterns. Out of 50 sections examined, thirty-six sections (65%) contained sufficient tool mark striation patterns useful in matching the cut sections. Fourteen (35%) sections did not have sufficient tool mark striation patterns for matching purposes. The majority of sections that did not match were from the smaller diameter samples ~ 6 cm in diameter. In conclusion, the linear striation patterns produced by the chainsaw were useful in making preliminary matches of the cut samples. Therefore, examination of chainsaw tool mark stratigraphy patterns is recommended in timber theft investigations to determine preliminary matches. CHAINSAW TOOL MARK STRATIGRAPHY PATTERNS James Bailey1, Piotr Trojanowski2 , Sergeii Buhonsky3 1 Law Enforcement, Minnesota State University, Mankato, United States; 2Manager of Crime Scene Officers, Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, Poland; 3Forensic Research Center, Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kherson, Ukraine O 50-4 DETECTION OF RECENT HOLDING OF FIREARMS: IMPROVING THE SENSITIVITY OF THE PDT TEST Joseph Almog, Karni L. Bar-Or, Amihud Leifer, Yair Delbar, Yinon Harush-Brosh Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel Despite the significant improvement of the PDT test for detecting recent contact with firearms, there are still many occasions in which the modified reagent (FerrotraceTM) shows insufficient sensitivity. Two techniques have been devised and tested for the enhancement of the sensitivity of this process : exposure to water vapors, and accelerated sweating. Exposure of the hand to water vapors after spraying with the reagent significantly improved the quality of the colored impressions. The average increase was by 1 qualitygrade (on an arbitrary scale of 4 grades). The technique is very simple and does not require any particular skill or equipment. Mechanistic aspects of the process are also discussed. FIREARMS; TRACE METAL DETECTION TEST (TMDT); FERROTRACE KEYWORDS O 50-5 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DUST AND DRY RESIDUE FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION LIFTING EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OBJECTS IN USING THE ELECTROSTATIC LIFTING 435 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Theft of timber from private and public land occurs in the United States, Poland, Ukraine and other countries with woodlands. It is difficult to prevent illegal cutting of timber in large forested areas and absentee owners are more vulnerable to timber theft than on-site owners. The United States has approximately 750 million acres of woodlands and economists estimate that the theft of timber is a one billion dollar industry annually. It is estimated that 10% of the trees cut from national forests are from theft. Approximately 25,000 homes could be built annually from the amount of timber stolen in the United States alone. When there is a report of stolen timber and a load of stolen logs recovered, the investigator can use chainsaw tool mark stratigraphy patterns on the logs to make preliminary matches between the recovered logs and the stumps in the forest. Chainsaw tool mark stratigraphy patterns occur when chainsaws are used to cut trees. When the person operating the chainsaw manipulates the saw, positions and re-positions the saw during the cutting process, a chainsaw tool mark pattern is created. As the chainsaw removes chips of wood from the tree, a series of linear striations create a pattern on each side of the cut section. Movement and positioning of the saw during the cut is indicative of the pattern produced. Finally, a conclusive match can be accomplished by comparing the tree rings. In this study, to produce tool mark stratigraphy patterns, a chainsaw was used to cut 50 sections ~ 2-3 cm in thicknesses KEYWORDS T H E F T O F T I M B E R ; T O O L M A R K PATTERNS; TREE RINGS WFF2014 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Yao Li, Ding Ke Department of Trace Examination Technology, National Police University of China, Shen Yang, China Electrostatic lifting is the method which aims to lift the two dimensional footwear impressions of the dust and dry residue particles on the surface of the dry and insulation origin through electrostatic field that produced by the electrostatic lifting device, in the way of the film is in direct physical contact with the impression to lift the dust and dry residue particles. The lifted impressions can be always take examination quality photographs first to record lifting effect under the conditions of different voltage, temperature and relative humidity; in addition, the assignment method applied in the thesis to rate the lifting effect and then observe the results so as to obtain the goal of the research. The orthogonal design method is used to determine under what conditions of the voltage, temperature and relative humidity the research purpose can be acquired with optimal portfolio of the lifting effects. This paper has made systematical research of the ten objects by using electrostatic lifting. The ten objects are listed as follows : towel, wood flooring, plastic flooring, floor tile, cement floor, marble floor, rubber sheets, blankets, fabric and anti-static floor. The thesis is based on the relevant documents and a number of scientific experiments. According to the physicochemical property of the objects which are listed above, the best kind of lifting voltage, temperature, relative humidity of different objects by using the electrostatic lifting method can be shown. After repeated experiments and observations, the findings are presented : (1) when the low voltage is set between 5kV and 10kV, the medium voltage is set between 10kV and 20kV and the high voltage is set between 20kV and 30kV, the author has founded that the effects of using the low voltage and the high voltage are obvious while using the medium is not so obvious in testing the hard objects; when testing the soft objects, the results are the opposite. (2) when the low temperature is set between 5 and 15 degrees centigrade, the intermediate temperature is set between 15 and 25 degrees centigrade and the high temperature is set between 25 and 35 degrees centigrade, the effects of using the low temperature and the high temperature are obvious while the effect of using the intermediate temperature is not so obvious in testing the hard objects. (3) when the low relative humidity is set between 60% and 70%, the intermediate relative humidity is between 70% and 80% and the high relative humidity is set 80% to 90%, the effects are obvious in using the low relative humidity and intermediate relative humidity while the effect is not obvious in using the high relative humidity. 436 On the basis of orthogonal experimental design, the author has arranged the experiment reasonably to get the results and by analyzing and summarizing the results, the optimal portfolio of the lifting effects is obtained. After the results having been tested, it is concluded that the optimal portfolio of the lifting effects is the combination of 15kV voltage, 10 degrees centigrade and the 75% relative humidity. KEYWORDS ELECTROSTATIC LIFTING; DUST AND DRY RESIDUE FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION; ORTHOGONAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN O 50-6 THE NEW METHOD OF FINDING THE AREA OF ORIGIN INCLUDING THE PARABOLIC MOTION OF BLOOD DROPLETS Young-Il Seo, Dong-Hwan Kim, Jin-Pyo Kim, Byung-Sun Moon, Kyung-Hwa Lee, Jae-Yong Song, Young-Woo Choi, Sang-Yoon Lee, Jae-Mo Goh, Nam-Kyu Park Divisiton of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) In bloodstain pattern analysis, an area of origin of an impact spatter can be evaluated using straight-line geometry. This method assumes blood droplets travel in straight-line trajectories. But blood droplets follow a parabolic trajectory due to gravity and air resistance. So errors occur when evaluating an area of origin using straight-line geometry. We developed the algorithm of finding the area of origin including the parabolic motion of blood droplets by solving Newton’s equations of motion and developed a software to calculate the area of origin including the parabolic motion of blood droplets as well as the straight-line motion method. We tested the software in the experiment and confirmed that the method including the parabolic motion of blood droplets is more accurate then the straight-line motion method. KEYWORDS BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS; THE AREA OF ORIGIN; PARABOLIC TRAJECTORY WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 ORAL PRESENTATION 51 FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY (OD): DENTAL IDENTIFICATION effect. Forensics has never been more popular or popularized, in crime dramas or in documentary-style series featuring real crimes and real scientists, can their influence be quantifiable ? O 51-1 KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C O D O N T O L O G Y; M E D I A BROADCASTING; FORENSIC TV SERIES FLIGHT AF 447 RIO DE JANEIRO-PARIS CRASH ON JUNE 1ST 2009. FORENSIC ODONTOSTOMATOLOGIC ASPECTS O 51-3 Hutt Jean Marc, Drogou Gwenola, Danjard Charles Forensic Odontology, AFIO, PARIS, France SUMMARY : It is so far the most important French air disaster, in view of the number of victims. On June 1st, 2009 an Airbus 330 connecting Rio de Janeiro to Paris disappeared in the South Atlantic, causing 228 victims of 33 different nationalities. In the aftermath of 7 research and identification phases between June 2009 and November 2011, the authorization was eventually given for the formal identification of 153 bodies, a significant part of which was identified thanks to the odontological data. The outstanding fact is that the flight recorders were located after almost 2 years at a depth of 12,800 feet. Another 103 bodies were brought up to the surface after the first collection of 50 bodies floating on the ocean surface in June 2009. (About 20’ with Power point) FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY; AIR DISASTER; O 51-2 MEDIA BROADCASTING AND FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY Drogou Gwenola, Hutt Jean Marc AFIO, IOFOS, PLOEMEUR, France This presentation will show various ways media broadcasting can occur in forensics and particularly in forensic odontology : How media broadcasting can help to find missing persons or identify unknowns. We will describe Media coverage in mass disasters. New technologies improvement allows immediate news propagation. Interpol recommendations for media coverage in case of DVI will also be exposed. Then, in third part, we will approach forensic TV series worldwide success and the effect in the court room called CSI Fabio Salvador1, Tais Muniz2 , Ademir Rosario Jr.3 , Jose Manoel Reis Neto2 1 Federal Police Department, Ministry of Justice, Curitiba, Brazil; 2Geology Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; 3Stomatology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil The analysis of stable isotope ratios for application in forensic sciences is increasingly used worldwide and has been very promising. In Brazil, the Laboratory for the Analysis of Minerals and Rocks – LAMIR, at the Geology Department of the Federal University of Paraná, develops the technique to analyze the ratio of stable isotopes of Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) from dental enamel and dentine, aiming to identify the nature and origin of teeth found at crime scenes and mass disasters. This technique also becomes a tool for the analysis of teeth and bones of homicide victims, killed in guerrillas and military episodes of political conflicts in Brazil. All the matter existing in the universe is composed by atomic bonds of stable and/or radioactive isotopes. A specific isotopic signature is obtained from the variation of mass existing between the heavier and the lighter isotopes of a same element. Specifically, human teeth contain inorganic matter, mainly carbonate-hydroxyapatite, which has about 4,5% of CO2 in its structure. In the present study, we investigated the signature of δ13C and δ18O from human teeth using mass spectrometry for determination of the isotopic ratio. Our primary aim was to verify the viability of achieving geographic origin of an individual, using the premise that the isotopic signature of every tissue in living organisms is a reflection of the isotopic signature of its diet, which changes due to its geographic location. Based on that, we approached the analysis of different human teeth, using dental enamel and dentin. The results obtained using more than one dozen of human teeth from different regions of Brazil show a significant pattern to prove that there are different isotopic signatures all over the country, which can be used to identify the geographic origin of a person. In the 437 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS AFIO MINERALOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF 13C AND 18O FOR APPLICATIONS IN FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY WFF2014 Brazilian states of Amazonas, Ceará and Rio Grande do Sul different values were obtained : Amazonas : δ13C : -11,49 and δ18O : -5,52; Ceará : δ13C : -10,48 and δ18O : -3,80; Rio Grande do Sul : δ13C : -10,89 and δ18O : -5,31. The obtained results within the present research reveal potential applicability for the forensic routine of Brazil, consequently bringing positive outcomes for public security. KEYWORDS S TA B L E I S O T O P E S ; H U M A N IDENTIFICATION; FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY AND GEOLOGY O 51-4 DISCRIMINATION POTENTIAL OF ROOT CANAL TREATED TOOTH IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Khalid Khalid Forensic Dentistry, University of science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan Forensic dentistry is a vital branch of forensic science that involves the application of dental science to the identification of unknown human remains and bite marks, using both physical and biological dental evidence. 12 dental concordant features are normally required for dental identification. The aim of this study is to investigate the discriminatory potential for identification for the radiographically morphology of obturated root canals. 10 periapical radiographic images were taken and labeled as set 1 (A-J). The second set (set2) consisted of 10 duplicated radiographs of set 1 plus 20 other randomly selected radiographs images not from set 1. These set of radiographs will be examined by 40 dentally trained personnel. The entire set 1 and the 30 radiographs from set 2 were be supplied to each of the examiners who were required to match the individual postmortem radio graphs (set 1) with the antemortem radio graphs (set2). The result showed that 33 examiners took the full mark, 5 examiners less than the full mark by 1 and two examiners less than the full mark by 2. The radiographic images of obturated single rooted teeth in this study were shown to have extraordinary morphological features. If the antemortem and postmortem radiographs of a single rooted obturated canal shows the same morphology, this is may regard as unique feature then the radiographic image of obturated single rooted canal can be used for identification purpose. KEYWORDS FORENSIC DENTISTRY; OBTURATED ROOT CANAL; DENTAL IDENTIFICATION O 51-6 A GLANCE AT DENTAL IMPLANTS AS A FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION TOOL: A REVIEW ARTICLE Arash Ghodousi3 , Zohre Maleki1, Ehsan Talebzade2 1 Faculty of Dentistry, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Department of Nursing & Midwifery, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of Dental implants have become a popular choice of treatment in replacing a single missing tooth or entire dentitions. In order to facilitate bone integration and prevent foreign body reaction, dental implants are typically made from titanium, zirconia, or a combination of both. Dental implants are broadly classified based on their properties, design, and attachment mechanisms. Their physical properties including high corrosion resistance, high structural strength, and high melting point ensure the retention of intact implants following most physical assaults. The special radiographic characteristics of implant structures along with recent advances such as recognition software have facilitated the radiographic recognition of dental implants and assessment of batch numbers. Human identification in forensic medicine can definitely benefit from the application of such techniques in comparison of antemortem and postmortem records. Meanwhile, further studies about implant restorations and their changes during incineration would be helpful in better human identification. KEYWORDS D E N T A L I M P L A N T ; F O R E N S I C IDENTIFICATION; RADIOGRAPH ORAL PRESENTATION 52 FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (PT): FORENSIC IMAGING II O 52-1 THE GAS PROJECT PART 1 WHEN GAS ANALYSIS HELPS POSTMORTEM IMAGING TO DIAGNOSE THE CAUSE OF DEATH: SAMPLING PROTOCOL AND PRELIMINARY STUDY Coraline Egger1, Vincent Varlet2 , Fiona Smith2 , Nicolle 438 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Giuliani2 , Audrey Rinaldi3 , Alejandro Dominguez3 , Silke Grabherr1 1 Forensic Imaging Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3School of Health Sciences, Radiologic Medical Imaging Technology, Hes-So, Lausanne, Switzerland handle gas samples from human cadavers that can be used for chemical gas analysis. These first results have permitted to identify the exact composition of gas for each anatomical puncture site and to define clear putrefaction indicators in order to differentiate a vital gas embolism from a beginning alteration. Finally, the analysis of putrefaction gas of different altered bodies and samples from different anatomical sites could enable to better understand putrefaction processes. Purpose : The gas project is a research project that aims to create a data base of different gas compositions that can be found in a human cadaver. Such a data base shall allow the interpretation of intra-corporal gas collections in forensic medicine in order to better understand alteration processes and to perform correct medical diagnosis especially when based on radiological results. Two studies, both using analytical chemistry and forensic imaging are currently conducted. The first study aims to collect information and to verify hypotheses and diagnostic keys from previous studies concerning the interpretation of gas detected with MDCT. Intra-cardiac gaseous composition should become a reliable indicator to distinguish artifactual gas due to putrefaction from vital air embolism. The second study is focused on altered bodies and the composition of cadaveric alteration gas, sampled from various anatomical sites. The results will be very useful to better understand putrefaction and its different gas products. Methods : A preliminary study including 15 cadavers was set up in order to develop a standardized method for sampling and analysis of gas found in different anatomical components. Gaseous sites were firstly identified by a first MDCT. Gas syringes with needles and taps were installed under MDCT guidance for a precise sampling. Gas samples were transferred in Headspace vials, hermetically closed and previously filled with water. Gas analyses were performed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Thermal Conductivity Detection (HS-GC-MS/TCD). Results : 11 altered bodies and 4 bodies with a post-mortem delay < 24 hours (traumatic injuries) have been analysed. The first analytical results allow distinguishing clearly between air embolism cases and putrefied cases. Intra-cardiac gas composition in case of vital air embolism contains mainly nitrogen (N2) and minor quantities of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The composition of gas samples from different anatomical selected sites of putrefied bodies is made of carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen (H 2), and traces of methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO), which reflects putrefaction gas. Conclusion : Thanks to the standardized protocol of MDCTguided gas sampling, it is easy to obtain stable and easy-to POST-MORTEM CHANGES; POST-MORTEM MDCT; GAS ANALYSIS KEYWORDS O 52-2 THE GAS PROJECT PART 2 WHEN GAS ANALYSIS HELPS POSTMORTEM IMAGING TO DIAGNOSE THE CAUSE OF DEATH: TOXICOLOGICAL RESULTS AND GAS DISTRIBUTION Vincent Varlet1, Coraline Egger2 , Fiona Smith1, Nicole Giuliani1, Audrey Rinaldi3 , Alexandre Dominguez3 , Silke Grabherr2 1 Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2 Forensic Imaging Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne, Switzerland; 3School of Health Sciences, Radiologic Medical Imaging Technology, Hes-So, Lausanne, Switzerland 439 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Purpose : The gas project is a multidisciplinary research project implying forensic imaging and gas analysis. This project has two goals : a diagnostic one and a thanalogical one. Firstly, we aim to differentiate gases due to postmortem phenomena (essentially putrefaction) and gases due to antemortem phenomena linked to the cause of death, such as vital air embolism in case of traumatic injuries or diving accident. Secondly, this project aims to improve our knowledge on postmortem putrefactive phenomena. For example, comparison between gas composition in different anatomical sites. A first work was done with a hundred bodies which underwent post-mortem Computed Tomography (CT) examination and showed that the appearance of postmortem gas has a specific apparition scheme. A second work (Gas Project Part 1) has permitted to identify reliable alteration indicators to investigate human decomposition. Methods : After the preliminary study (Gas Project Part 1) led on 15 cadavers, the protocol was applied to sample gases from 40 bodies. The sampling was CT-guided and targeted on heart region for the first study (embolism vs. putrefaction gas) and on all the sites of interests for the second study IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 (thanatology). The 40 bodies were divided in three categories : Embolism (E) - 3 cases, gas presence consecutive to traumatic injuries (T) - 4 cases and altered cases, the latter being subdivided in three groups (Beginning Alteration/BA – 21 cases, Alteration/A – 10 cases and Advanced Alteration/ AA-2 cases). Results : The gas composition identified in the cardiac region of the different categories of cases has permitted to define clear indicators. A vital and massive gas embolism was diagnosed when : 20% < CO2< 50%, CO2/N2> 0.2 and gas volume > 10 mL. A gas presence consecutive to traumatic injury could be diagnosed with a gas volume < 10 mL, CO2< 20% and CO2/N2< 0.2. Alteration was diagnosed as soon as methane, hydrogen or hydrogen sulphide was detected. More precisely, the BA group was marked by O2 ≤ 15%, H2 < 10% and if present, H2S,CH4< 1%, the A group included cases where O2< 15%, H2> 10% and CO2/N2> 0.2 and finally, AA group gathered bodies with CO2< 25% and CH4> 1%. Conclusion : Thanks to the standardized protocol of MDCTguided gas sampling and analysis, it is possible to group bodies according to the magnitude and composition of gas, in relation with its localisation in the body. The eventual distorsions between macroscopic examination and forensic imaging (case of a body without external sign of alteration but gas presence noticed by forensic imaging) are easily solved by gas analysis. Gas analysis should be a mandatory tool to investigate cases with a known history of embolism or as soon as a gas volume is detected by forensic imaging in order to avoid false diagnosis based only on radiological images. body which medical examiners, coroners and/or pathologists can use to explore and examine the state of the blood vessels, organs, bones and tissues of a body and thus determine the cause of death and the manner in which the patient died. Virtual autopsies could even bring to light some crucial information regarding the body that is difficult or timeconsuming to acquire using conventional means such as forensic autopsy. Interpretative correlations of scene investigation, pathological findings, toxicological data, grouped discussion and reconstruction of truth were the key issues to understand the truth of incident and solution of incident-derived questions during the medicolegal invastigation of deathl. In Taiwan, multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) were commonly used in the hospitals for discovery and diagnosis of disease, trauma and pathological changes of tissue. By using these clinical imaging techniques and information, it was very useful to perform interpretative correlations in forensic pathology. For introduction of combined virtual 3D imaging information for interpretative correlation in forensic pathology, we introduce a forensic autopsy case of gunshot wound of head to demonstrate the advantages of combined with 3D anatomic and pathological information for solution of questions derived in Taiwan. VIRTUAL AUTOPSY; MEDICAL IMAGING; FORENSIC PATHOLOGY KEYWORDS O 52-4 FORENSIC IMAGING; POST-MORTEM MDCT; GAS ANALYSIS KEYWORDS O 52-3 INTERPRETATIVE CORRELATION OF 3D VIRTUAL MEDICAL IMAGING IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY IN TAIWAN Mu Zon Wu1 1 Department and Post-graduate Institue of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan Univeristy, College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan; 2Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan Recent advancement of forensic application of 3D virtual medical imaging by using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and combined multi-layered recontruction to create a full three-dimensional view of the 440 EVALUATION OF A STAB WOUND TO THE ABDOMEN BY CT IMAGING IN A LIVING VICTIM Morio Iino1, Jun Tanaka2 , Shigeru Shiono2 , Masaki Q. Fujita1 1 Department of Legal Medicine (Forensic Medicine), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Emergency Department, Nakakawachi Medical Center of Acute Medicine, Osaka, Japan This is a case report of a living victim in which we examined the injury by CT images of the wound itself and the weapon used to estimate the wound track in the abdomen. Case Report : The victim was a 50’s female cashier at a convenience store. She was stabbed at her left abdomen with a Swiss army knife by a male robber. She was surgically treated and her life was saved. The robber was arrested a few days later. Operative Findings : Single stab wound on the left abdomen WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 was detected. Laparotomy revealed there were incised wounds both on the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta surrounded by retroperitoneal hemorrhage with hematoma. Both vessels were sutured to stop bleeding. Imaging Findings : In the clinical preoperative CT images without contrast, high-density area in the retroperitoneum in front of the aorta and the inferior vena cava was detected. Images with contrast media showed no continuous bleeding from any vessels. The suspected weapon, Swiss army knife was also scanned at the forensic department to superimpose its images on the images of the abdomen in 2D and 3D reconstruction. Discussion : Superimposed images were reconstructed to demonstrate the wound track. The reconstruction was based on the pictures from the surgical operation (the skin lesion, incised wounds on the vessels) and the preoperative CT images of the abdomen (the air in the layers of subcutaneous fat and muscles, the retroperitoneal hemorrhage). The picture of the wound showed that the knife was stabbed at her left abdomen with its blade in her front. The CT images have revealed the position, direction and depth of the stab wound path. The superimposition using CT images has shown the consistency of the victim’s wound and the suspected weapon. It also explained the reason why the victim has survived in spite of a deep wound in the abdomen. Reconstruction of the wound using this method would also bring the judges and juries a better understanding of the situation of the assault in the robbery. STAB WOUND; CT IMAGING; LIVING VICTIM O 52-5 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF POSTMORTEM TISSUE DEGRADATION FOR BLOOD AND MUSCLE TISSUE USING DUAL ENERGY CT Jang Gyu Cha1, Kyungmoo Yang2 , Youngseok Lee2 , Sangbeom Lim2 , Bongwoo Lee2 , Joongseok Seo2 1 Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea (South); 2Medical Examiner’s Office, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Purpose : To perform quantitative analysis of the time and temperature related change of postmortem tissue such as blood and muscle volume using dual energy CT (DECT). Materials and methods : For postmortem analysis of blood, we obtained thirty blood samples containing 45cc from 30 subjects. Each blood sample was evenly divided into three groups, being placing at cold (A group, 0-5°C), room (B KEYWORDS POSTMORTEM; CT; TISSUE DEGRADATION O 52-6 THREE-DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL SURFACE DOCUMENTATION IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY Mikolas Jurda1, Petra Urbanova1, Petr Hejna2 1 Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Institute of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Three-dimensional surface documentation technologies, in particular photogrammetry, optical and laser scanning have recently advanced into affordable, flexible and accurate techniques involving a reasonably long learning curve. Forensic postmortem investigation as performed on a daily basis, however, has not benefited from their full potentials and currently utilized methods are far behind what 3D surface documentation can provide. Conventionally, verbal description in conjunction with two-dimensional photography presents the essential documentation technique utilized throughout the entire process of postmortem examination, documenting corpse’s state of preservation, presence of unique somatic traits, external injuries and/or traumatic changes. Photography, however, discards surface depth – information highly valuable in terms of damage 441 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) KEYWORDS group, 22-24°C) and warm temperature (C group, 36-37°C). Three fresh pig legs were also placed at three different temperature (A-C group). DECT scan was performed 11 times at 0,4,8,12 hour and 2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th,7th day. Region of interests were placed in each blood samples for evaluation of hounsfield unit (HU). Muscle volume in the pig leg was semi-automatically measured using software in CT scanner. Results : The result of blood analysis showed a gradual increase of HU in the A group. B and C group revealed a biphasic increase pattern of HU with early peak at 8 hours and later peak at 7 days. The volume of muscle in the group A and B revealed a gradual decrease of 22.8% and 51.4%, respectively for 1 week, whereas that in group C showed a sharp decrease of 71.4% for only two days. Conclusion : The result of our study showed that there were characteristic temperature and time related change of HU for blood samples and muscle tissues in the porcine legs. In the postmortem imaging, the knowledge of these CT features may provide useful tool to estimate the time of death. IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 assessment or trait uniqueness. Therefore, innovative preferably three-dimensional records in forensic pathology are of great demands. In order to evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of optical surface documentation techniques available for postmortem examination, traditional digital camera-based photogrammetry combined with commercial Agisoft PhotoScan software and two-camera photogrammetry-based scanner VECTRA H1, a novelty product among portable handheld surface scanners, were employed on two forensic cases admitted for postmortem examination at the Institute of Legal Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. While the first case, a male, aged to 63 included traumatic, self-inflicted, injuries – suicide by hanging, the second case, also a 63 years old male, was diagnosed as dying from cardiac insufficiency associated with diabetes mellitus. Both cases, in a position as transported upon an autopsy table, were photographed in 360 degree manner with a digital camera Nikon 7000 mounted on a tripod. Altogether 35 – 70 images per case were taken, corresponding to 20 to 40 minutes of capturing time. Approximately the same time was required to document the body surface with the handheld scanner. The optical surface scanner proved itself to be a useful tool enabling to document small-to-medium areas of the body surface. As not being specifically designed to scan objects on a larger scale a larger number of surface scans caused the provided software to crash in the course of image alignment. The device, however, produces high-resolution 3D images, in texture comparable to any professional digital camera. The photogrammetry provided equally photorealistic records of body surface capable of capturing, for instance, the noose together with the strangulation line, tattoos, and skin lesions in high quality. Moreover, the utilized software was able to create the whole body 3D surface mesh without crashing. Still, both methods failed when coming across body hair and reflective, moist surface of freshly dissected soft tissues or surfaces covered in body fluids producing gaps in the final 3D surface mesh. In conclusion, both methods produce realistic, real sized or easy-to-calibrate 3D surface models useable as an advanced method of postmortem documentation or archiving technique and easily fitted to be subject of further examinations, such as 3D mesh comparison or indirect measuring (e.g., body measurements, angles of penetrations). KEYWORDS 3D DOCUMENTATION; OPTICAL SCANNING; PHOTOGRAMMETRY 442 ORAL PRESENTATION 53 TOXICOLOGY / ILLICIT DRUGS (TI): ILLICIT DRUGS O 53-1 SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF MAJOR SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS AND A STRATEGY TO IDENTIFY OTHER SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS FROM HUMAN HAIR USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY Heeseung Kim, Jaechul Cheong, Jaeil Lee, Sungill Suh, Minkyoung Kim, Jinyoung Kim, Moonkyo In Forensic Chemistry Laboratory, Supreme Prosecutor’s Office, Seoul, Korea (South) Simultaneous determination of major synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-122, JWH-210, JWH-250, XLR11, AM-2201 and UR-144, and their major metabolites from human hair have been developed and validated using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) system. These synthetic cannabinoids along with alkyl hydroxy and carboxy metabolites were extracted from 20 mg of micro-pulverized hair using an ultrasonicator assisted methanol extraction and analyzed by a reversed phase column using a mobile phase gradient program containing water and acetonitrile with 0.2% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The assay was linear over 1000 folds difference in concentration with recovery greater than 90% at 3 quality control levels. Validation items such as specificity, precision, accuracy, matrix effect and stability were all within the assay acceptance criteria. Information dependant accquistion (IDA) using a precursor ion scan followed by an enhanced product ion scan was also used to identify several minor synthetic cannabinoids from human hair. In this approach, a number of synthetic cannabinoids containing an indole group provided an unique precursor ion at m/z of 144. This precursor ion scan at m/z of 144 followed by enhanced product ion scan from model synthetic cannabinoids provided fragmentation patterns that can be potentially used to identify newly designed synthetic cannabinoids. These analysis techniques were fast, sensitive and selective and applied to the analysis of hair samples from human subjects previously consumed synthetic cannabis. KEYWORDS SYNTHETIC CANNABIS; INFORMATION DEPENDANT ACCQUISITION; LC-MS/MS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 53-2 METABOLIC STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC CANNABINOID AM2201 BY CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS Shimpei Watanabe1, Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil1, Jane Cameron2 , Shanlin Fu1 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia; 2Cell Biology Team, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia KEYWORDS CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS; METABOLIC STUDIES; AM2201 O 53-3 COCAINE AND CARDIAC SUDDEN DEATH Mohammadhassan Ghadiani1, Seyyed Shahabeddin Sadr2 1 Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2 Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of KEYWORDS COCAINE; HYPERTENSION; CARDIOVASCULAR O 53-4 HAIR ANALYSIS FOR FIVE SERIES OF AMINOALKYLINDOLE TYPES SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS AND METABOLITES BY LC/ESI-MS/ 443 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Background : With the rapid introduction of new synthetic designer drugs into the market, it is important to investigate the metabolic profile for drug testing purposes. Aims : This study intends to identify the metabolite profile of AM2201 produced by Cunninghamella elegans, which has previously demonstrated the ability to produce metabolites of synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-018 and JWH-073, in a similar manner to in vivo human and in vitro human liver microsomes (HLM) studies. Methods : C. elegans cultures were grown in liquid media composed of glucose, glycerol, peptone, yeast extract, KH2PO4 and NaCl in distilled water. AM2201 was incubated with the fungal culture for 72h and the resulting metabolites were analysed by LC-MS/MS and HR-MS/MS techniques. Results and discussion : LC-MS/MS and HR-MS/MS analysis detected the formation of several metabolites including monohydroxylation, dihydroxylation and dihydrodiol compounds as well as monohydroxylation, carboxylation and dihydrodiol of the defluorinated parent compound. These results are comparable with human and HLM studies. Conclusion : The fungus C. elegans has been demonstrated to produce metabolite signature which correlates well with human and other in vitro models. C. elegans model thus appears to be a promising platform for investigating synthetic cannabinoid metabolism. Other than alcohol, cocaine is the most common cause of acute drug-related emergency department visits and is currently the most frequent cause of drug related deaths reported by medical examiners in the united states. Males are about 1.5 to 2 times as likely as females to report past or current cocaine use in any form. Cocaine related disorders remain an important public health concern today,with continued high rates of legal, psychiatric, medical and social problems. Drug use disorders are believed to result from the complex interplay of cultural, environmental, familial and neurobiological influences. Cocaine is used by 0.3 percent of the global population age 15 to 64 years.Cocaine use is more frequently associated with acute rather than chronic cardiovascular illness. Cocaine stimulates α1, α2, β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors through increased levels of norepinephrine and to a lesser extent epinephrine. An acute coronary syndrome is the most common cardiac problem including myocardial ischemia and infarction even in young persons without atherosclerosis, aortic dissection and rupture, arrhythmias, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, asystole and finally sudden death. Other cardiovascular effects of cocaine include coronary artery aneurysm, palpitation, sinus tachycardia, increased systemic vascular resistance and hypertension crisis, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, myocardial fibrosis, bundle branch block, heart block, supraventricular arrhythmia, accelerated atherosclerosis, hypotension, bradycardia and infective endocarditis amongintravenous users. Cocaine abuse accounts for less than 1% of aortic dissection and is associated with crack cocaine use. Cocaine may cause transient but significant hypertension that may cause strokes and serious cardiac damage. Chest pain is the most common cardiovascular complaint of patients seeking medical assistance following an hour of cocaine use There are three mechanisms for cocaine induced ischemia: 1) increased myocardial oxygen demand 2)decreased coronary blood flow due to coronary artery vasoconstriction and spasm 3)coronary artery thrombosis via activation of platelets, stimulation of platelet aggregation and potentiation of thromboxane production WFF2014 MS AND THE PIGMENTATION EFFECT FOR THEIR INCORPORATION INTO HAIR USING RAT MODEL IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Jihyun Kim1, Yuran Park1, Sangwhan In1, Meejung Park1, Ilchung Shin1, Moonhee Jang1, Wonkyung Yang1, Seungkyung Baeck1, Eunmi Kim1, Sooyeun Lee2 1 Narcotic,Toxicologic & Chemical Department, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea (South) For the last decade, it has been declared that the abuse of synthetic cannabinoids may be the major issues in the new designer drugs of the forensic and clinic toxicological field. In response to that, the analytical methods for the synthetic cannabinoids in a variety of biological matrices have been increasingly established. Since most of synthetic cannabinoids with structure similarity are revealed to share some enzymatic metabolites, investigation for metabolites of first generation synthetic cannabinoids with relatively short branch could be more important. Therefore, in present study, we developed the analytical method for five series of synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-018, JWH-073, AM-2201, JWH-122 and MAM-2201 and their monohydroxylated metabolites using LC-MS/MS in hair matrix and the method was applied in real authentic hair samples. Also using rat model, two synthetic cannabinoids and their monohydroxylated metabolites were identified and then ratios of metabolites to parent drug were estimated for useful information against external contamination. All of validation factors for precision and accuracy was satisfactory in each of human and rat hair. The LODs of all analytes were 0.5 pg /10 mg hair, except for LOD of JWH-073-N 4-OH M, 1.0 pg/10 mg hair. Matrix effect, recovery and process efficiency were evaluated in hair matrices. Additionally, as a result of incorporation related to melanin, there were no significant differences in pigmented and nonpigmented rat hair for JWH073, AM-2201 and their metabolites. This qualitative and quantitative LC-MS/MS analytical method for five similar aminoalkylindole type synthetic cannabinoids and their monohydroxylated metabolites was very useful to apply to real authentic hair samples, to present an incorporation mechanism of synthetic cannabinoids in hair matrix and to provide the source of drugs ingested. KEYWORDS SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS; HAIR ANALYSIS; LC-MS/MS O 53-5 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF HAIR ENDOGENOUS GAMMA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE (GHB) LEVELS OF CHINESE POPULATION USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY(GC/MS/MS) Yan Shi, Ping Xiang, Min Shen Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Endogenous production complicates the interpretation when gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is measured in hair for forensic purposes. Despite the increasing incidence of illicit use of GHB in drug facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) cases, published data on endogenous GHB concentrations in hair are limited compared with other matrices. A method capable of quantifying endogenous concentrations of GHB in human head hair was developed and validated using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/ MS). Hair was digested under alkaline conditions (1 mol/L NaOH, 90ºC 10min), and GHB-d6 was used as an internal standard. Before derivatization with N,O-bis[trimethylsilyl] trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) and ethyl acetate, a liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate under acidic conditions was performed. GHB-TMS derivatives were detected using GC/ MS/MS in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. This method exhibited good linearity : y=0.018x+0.038, R2=0.9998, and the limit of detection was 0.02ng/mg. The extraction recoveries were more than 60%, and the inter-day and intraday relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 10%. This method has been applied to the analysis of endogenous GHB in hair samples from 66 drug-free Chinese donors. The mean measured concentration for 0-3cm black root hair was 1.93±1.40ng/mg (n=66), and extreme figures were in the range 0.28–4.91 ng/mg. The mean endogenous GHB level of male was 3.22ng/mg (0.92-4.91ng/mg, n=35) while the lever of female was 0.77ng/mg (0.28-1.95 ng/mg, n=31). Significant differences of endogenous GHB levels were found between male and female (p<0.001). Analysis of basal levels of GHB of 15 specimens (female) in segmented hair showed a mean concentration of 0.81 ng/mg (0.13–1.95 ng/ mg) and a RSD for each individual ranging from 4.90% to 58.83%. No variation of concentrations was observed along the hair shaft in controlled subjects, except for the proximal segment, due to an incorporation through sweat and sebum. This demonstrates that endogenous levels for each single subject are constant during hair growth. KEYWORDS 444 HAIR; ENDOGENOUS; GHB WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 O 53-6 SULPHONATE; SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC REAGENT VALIDATION OF A SENSITIVE AND SELECTIVE COLOUR TEST METHOD FOR SCREENING PIPERAZINE ANALOGUES MORGAN PHILP1, RONALD SHIMMON1, NATASHA STOJANOVSKA1, MARK TAHTOUH2 AND SHANLIN Ronald Shimmon Chemistry and Forensic, Faculty of Science/universtity of Technology, Sydney, Australia KEYWORDS NQS; SODIUM 1, 2-NAPHTHOQUINONE-4- FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB): POPULATION GENETICS O 54-2 STUDY OF RAPIDLY-MUTATING Y-STRS IN ENDOGAMOUS PUNJABI POPULATION FROM PAKISTAN Atif Adnan1, Allah Rakha1, Arwin Rulf2 , Manfred Kayser2 1 Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Forensic Molecular Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands A recently identified set of 13 rapidly-mutating (RM) Y-STRs (DYF387S1, DYF399S1,DYF403S1a/b, DYF404S1, DYS449, DYS518, DYS526I/II, DYS547, DYS570, DYS576, DYS612, DYS626, and DYS627) typically reveals higher haplotype diversities than the commercially available Y-STR sets and allows differentiating male relatives for which commercial Y-STR sets are usually not informative. Here, we amplified the 13 RM Y-STRs and the commercial Y-filer Y-STRs in 106 individuals from the Punjabi population of Pakistan, which is characterized by high rates of endogamy. The RM Y-STR set completely individualized all males tested (haplotype diversity of 1.0), while with Y-filer a haplotype diversity of 0.9951 was obtained. Mutation analysis of the RM Y-STRs in a typical Punjabi Pakistani family (four generations) has also been carried out. R M Y- S T R S ; PAT E R N A L L I N E A G E ; ENDOGAMOUS; PUNJABI; PAKISTAN KEYWORDS O 54-3 INCREASED NUMBER OF LOCI : GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE PERFORMANCE OF POWERPLEX FUSION, GLOBALFILER CASEWORK AND INVESTIGATOR ID PLEX 24 Nor Aidora Saedon, Hazwani Hapiz, Nor Ummiza Kamaruzzaman, Mohd Sufiyan Azah, Mohd Iqbal Zulkafli, Baktiar Kassim Forensic DNA Section, Forensic Division, Department of 445 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Piperazines (often marketed as’legal ecstacy’) are a group of psychoactive substances that have recently emerged on the illicit drug market and are not effectively discriminated or identified by current colour testing methods. Herein, we report on the development and validation of a necessary chemical spot test for piperazine analogues using the spectrophotometric reagent, sodium 1, 2-naphthoquinone-4sulphonate (NQS). Piperazines tested in this study include 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP), 1-[3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine (TFMPP), 1- (3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP), 1- (4-chlorophenyl) piperazine (pCPP) and 1- (4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (MeOPP). A small pin-head sized amount of each solid sample was placed in a well of a porcelain spotting tile. Added to this was : 5 drops 0.1M NaHCO3 buffer pH 11 and 4 drops 6.4 mM NQS solution. The plate was left to stand for two minutes at room temperature and colour changes observed and recorded. Primary testing revealed NQS reacts almost instantly to form an intense, bright orange-red coloured complex with all piperazine analogues tested at room temperature. The colour test method was validated to meet requirements for use in preliminary screening or as an on-site field test, providing qualitative and reliable presumptive test results. Validation studies show that the characteristic colour change is unique to the piperazine class at room temperature among over 90 different drugs and common chemicals tested, and is unaffected by the presence of common cutting agents, i.e. glucose and caffeine, in test samples of 5% purity and other drugs such as MDMA. The operational limit of detection was found to be 40 μg. As a further validation step, the coloured product was characterised and it’s structure confirming the proposed mechanism. The excellent selectivity of the NQS colour test toward the piperazine analogues, combined with its lack of interference from the majority of analytes tested, affords the reagent serious potential for exploitation as a colour test. ORAL PRESENTATION 54 WFF2014 Chemistry, Petaling Jaya Selangor, Malaysia The increase number of STR loci in a single multiplexing escalated in the past year and it is taxing to evaluate and also in getting the population database up for the new additional loci. However, it is undeniable that these loci will definitely boost the matching probability as well as reduce the uncertainty in paternity/kinship/incest cases. Three (3) different major amplification kits were evaluated on sensitivity and the performance of the kits. A total of 300 samples inclusive of compromised bone extracts; i.e 100 samples were amplified on each amplification kits and run on the 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. Overall the results are successfully obtained on all the kits; however each kits has its individual strength and also depends on what the forensic community requires. KEYWORDS GLOBALFILER; POWERPLEX FUSION; INVESTIGATOR 24 was 0.9999999325 and combined power of exclusion was 0.9855. The statistical pairwise difference Fst revealed that Papuans show the most significant different compare to other populations. Without exaggerating six genetic markers that was used, Neighbor-Joining method based on DA distance phylogenetic tree was able to describe significant topology of each population. Midi 6 system shows a robust typing as a reliable marker for population study, or possibly in Indonesians forensic practice. KEYWORDS MIDI 6; ALLELE FREQUENCY; INDONESIA O 54-5 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF 30 INDEL LOCI IN TURKEY Arzu Duvenci, Gonul Filoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gulten Rayimoglu, Havva Altuncul Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey O 54-4 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) POPULATION GENETIC STUDY OF SIX MINI STR ‘MIDI 6’ SYSTEMS IN INDONESIAN POPULATIONS Tuntas Dhanardhono1, Toshimichi Yamamoto2 , Sigid Kirana1, Kunthi Yulianti3 , Rika Susanti4 , Erwin Kristanto5 , Akira Ishii2 1 Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia; 2Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, University of Nagoya, Nagoya, Japan; 3 Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Udayana, Bali, Indonesia; 4Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Andalas, Padang, Indonesia; 5 Department of Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia Database of Indonesian population was constructed using six STR loci named “Midi-6” system (D20S480, D6S2439, D6S1056, D9S1118, D4S2639, and D17S1290). Distribution of allele frequencies were represented from seven Indonesian populations living in Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, NTT (Nusa Tenggara Timur) and Papua. Based on Exact test, most of all population fulfilled Hardy–Weinberg expectation, except the NTT population demonstrated deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium at D6S2439, D6S1056, after applying Bonferroni correction (P< 0.008). This might be caused by a sampling effect or appointed inbreeding. Forensic parameters were evaluated in each population, combined power of discrimination 446 Insertions and deletions (Indels) are the second most abundant form of human genetic variation. Indel polymorphism is currently used as alternative for Short Tandem Repeat (STRs) and Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Indel loci give satisfactory results with the degraded and low level of DNA samples. In this study the genetic diversities of 30 insertion-deletion (Indels) polymorphisms located in the autosomal chromosomes were examined to determine the Genetic Polymorphisms in Turkish population for forensic purposes. DNA samples were collected from 250 unrelated healthy volunteers from seven different regions of Turkey. DNA was extracted using QIAmp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) following manufacturer’s recommendations. The 30 insertion-deletion loci and amelogenin were amplified according to Investigator ® DIPplex kit manual (Qiagen). The PCR products were separated with ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Life Technologies) and analyzed with GeneMapper IDX software (Life Technologies). Forensic and population parameters of the 30 Indels were estimated with Promega PowerStats excelsheet, p-values of exact tests for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and exact test of population differentiation (Turkey between Korea, Italy, Finland, Poland, Somali and Taiwan populations) were calculated with Arlequin ver. 3.5. After Bonferonni correction the DIPplex genotype distributions showed no significant deviation from Hardy– Weinberg rule expectations. Exact test indicated that statistically significant differences were found between WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Turkish population and Korean population at 16 indel loci, Somalian population at 12 indel loci and Taiwanian population at 12 indel loci. There is no statistically significant observed between Turkish and Italian populations. The present study will be useful for solving parentage testing as well as to improve the analysis of degraded DNA samples for Turkish community. ps. Dear Committe; this student will be financially supported by Istanbul University if she can present an oral presentation in the meeting. If you can help her in this regard we will be really pleased. Thank you. KEYWORDS I N D E L S ; P O P U L AT I O N G E N E T I C S ; TURKEY O 54-6 DOES GENE POLYMORPHISM PLAY A ROLE IN CASES OF CHILD ABUSE AMONG EGYPTIANS? Dina Shokry Forensic Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt KEYWORDS CHILD ABUSE; MAO-A GENE; EGYPT O 54-7 A SIMPLE WAY OF HUMAN MITOCHONDRIA HV1 AND HV2 ANALYSIS FOR MASSIVE SAMPLE USING NGS Kim Min-Hee, Ahn Eu-Ree, Lee Sunkyung, Yoo Seong Yeon, Kwak Kyoung-Don, Moon Sang-Ok, Park Myung Jin, Jung Sammy, Lee Yang Han Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Won-ju, Korea (South) Next generation sequencing (NGS) platform is currently being utilized for large volume of sequencing data. In this study, we were using the Illumina Miseq and generated an integrated primer that included adaptor, index, sequencing primer and target primer. Diplex PCR for human HV1 and HV2 was performed using the integrated primer and PCR products were mixed together and purified. Total 96 samples analyzed at once by Illumina Miseq. Illumina Miseq was compared with ABI Sanger to evaluation efficiency for human mitochondria HV1 and HV2 variant detection using 91 human samples. We established parameter based on optimized concordance with the variant call in the ABI Sanger data for calling in the sequencing data that generated by NGS. In this experiment, the minimum DNA concentration that could set meaningful data was 1/10000 ng. We were capable of carrying out massive analysis of HV1 and HV2 that amplified once PCR reaction, sequencing with less cost and human resources than before. It is true that NGS need further evaluation, however it will become an effective 447 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Background : genes that affect human behavior are studied and now it’s known that many genes may affect behavior and aids in more affection of many psychiatric problems. MAO-A gene (also known as warrior gene) was one of the genes which have been studied heavily regarding the association of many delinquent behaviors with MAO-A gene variants. MAO-A gene is responsible of coding for MAO-A enzyme which is responsible for degradation of different amine neurotransmitter in the brain. MAO-A gene has two variants with one variant leading to expression of high amount of MAO-A enzyme while the other variant leading to expression of low amount of the enzyme. MAO-A gene is an example of complex expression genes in which protein expression is affected by environmental factors. Child abuse is one of the factors which affect this gene expression so affect the future behavior of the abused child. Objectives : This study was carried out to study cases of child abuse regarding different aspect of the injury and perpetrator with special concern for the variants of MAO-A gene as risk factors between cases of child abuse. Methodology : A prospective study carried out to all child abuse cases admitted to the Egyptian Medicine authority, Egypt, during the period starting from the 1st of February, 2012 to 31st of October, 2013 The data collected for each case were the : age, gender, type of injury, multiplicity of injuries, site of injury, degree of complication and repetition of injuries. MAO-A gene was studied in the study population regarding to its variants and relation to different variables of injuries caused by child abuse. Results : total number of cases was 44 cases, the most prevalent age group was the preschool age (2-6yrs) representing 52.3% of cases, females were slightly higher than males (females 23cases versus 21 male cases), multiple types of injuries which was in all cases combination of blunt and thermal injuries (20 cases contributing 45% of total cases), extremities was the main site of injury in 19 cases (43% of the total) followed by head and neck, severe physical complications was present in 19 cases (43% of the total), which was in the form of fracture bones, disfiguring wounds, Repeated times of abuse did happened to 35 cases (79% of the total), fathers were the leading abusers in 24 cases (24%). Regarding the variant of MAO-A gene, the high variant was present in 27 cases (61.4%) while the low variant of the gene was present in 17 cases (38.6%). WFF2014 tool establish mitochondria database and analysis massive sample. KEYWORDS covered, and interpretation of simulation results. It will provide examples and present practical ways to overcome challenges faced by forensic scientists in scene simulations. NGS; HUMAN HV1; HUMAN HV2 KEYWORDS M O D E L , M AT E R I A L S ; VA R I A B L E S , HUMAN FACTORS; SIMULATIONS ORAL PRESENTATION 55 FINGERPRINT / SCENE INVESTIGATION (FPR/SI): SCENE INVESTIGATION, TRAFFIC ACCIDENT / GAIT ANALYSIS / EXPLOSION O 55-1 OVERCOMING CHALLENGES IN SCIENTIFIC SCENE/ EVENT SIMULATIONS IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) Chin-Chin Lim, Michael Ming Kiong Tay, Poh Ling Chia Forensic Science, The Forensic Experts Group, Singapore Unlike standard forensic analyses, a scientific simulation poses unique challenges as it requires not only the perspective of the crime and the investigative requirements, but also an understanding of the model to adopt and construct in order to simulate the circumstances of an incident, record and interpret its observed effects, and arrive at a conclusion. A crucial question often asked in Court is whether a human action, condition, process or event is capable of causing an observed effect at the scene. Some events cannot be replicated in an experiment due to the safety of human subjects. Such inquiries are best answered by constructing an appropriate physical or mathematical model, and performing a simulation under carefully controlled conditions. In order to withstand Court scrutiny, the experiment needs to be realistic and reproducible, and relevant to the context and key issue. Materials and conditions must match as closely as possible the original conditions during the incident. At times, the properties of the questioned materials need to be characterized to ensure that suitable control materials are used in the simulation. Equations, empirical formulas and variables (parameters) must be relevant to mimic the conditions of the event. The range of variables must sufficiently encompass the possibilities in the original scenario. Where practicable, both physical and mathematical models are utilised to verify and validate the robustness of the simulation. This paper will focus on several aspects confronting simulations : hypothesis formulation, model construction, assumptions and limitations, materials selection, simplifications and approximations, range of human factors 448 O 55-2 STUDY OF TRACE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS JUDICIAL IDENTIFICATION Zhiyong Zhang Department of Road Traffic Accident Investigation, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice,p.r.c, Shanghai, China Abstract : Various trace evidences exist in road traffic accidents. Determining the direction and morphological characters of trace evidences is critical for accident detection. In many accidents, the relative motion states and location relationship (such as position relation, overtaking and lane-change behavior) of vehicles in accidents cannot be ascertained as the direction and morphological characters of trace evidences cannot be determined. Investigation on trace direction and morphological characters from trace formation mechanism is carried out in this article combined with apractical case. Through analysis on traces direction and morphological characters of vehicles, recover accidents scene to its maximum level and help the judicial investigation. KEYWORDS TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; TRACE EVIDENCES; JUDICIAL IDENTIFICATION O 55-4 IDENTIFICATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN FIRE Li Li Li Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Identification of the fire road traffic accidents are more complex identification to identify the type, requires expertise and technical personnel, the use of specialized equipment and technical means to solve a variety of fire-related road accidents commissioned requirements encountered in the process. Cause of the fire varied, spontaneous combustion can generally be divided into two types of combustion and external effects caused by the spontaneous combustion of WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 the reasons which generally due to hot weather, such as the aging or short form; while collision accident, arson, etc. can also cause fires fire identified cause of the fire is looking to identify the type of relationship with the accident, the paper focuses on the identification method will fire identification and authentication process. Traffic accident induced cause of the fire main aspects of the faulty circuit; mechanical equipment failures; accident crash fire; fire; arson. Determine the fire point according to the fire smoked traces of burning extent, direction and the fire spread through the fire residues inspection to determine. KEYWORDS ROAD ACCIDENT; IDENTIFICATION OF FIRE; IDENTIFICATION METHODS O 55-5 STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF WALKING SPEED ON THE GAIT PATTERN Chengqing Tang Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Forensic Science, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Gait characteristics are those characteristics which are formed while footwear impressions are made and can reflect not only the walking pattern of the person who left them, but also his or her physical structure. Thus gait characteristics are often used for tracking or profiling the suspect. In this study, succeeding three-dimensional footwear impressions are made on sand of the laboratory, and the foot angle (FA) and toe off angle (TOA), or the direction in which the toe of the shoe moves forward, are measured. Subjects participating in the experiment are all in their twenties with 100 males and 100 females. The means of the FA and TOA measurements are calculated and compared between different sex groups. The results show that the FA and TOA for both the males (bigger) and females (smaller) are significantly different (p<0.01). Therefore sex determination could be made by the FA or TOA of those shoeprints left at the scene of crimes together with information such as the shoe type, length or width of the footwear impression. KEYWORDS SEX; PROPULSION; FOOT ANGLE IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) The purpose of this study is to learn the variations of gait characteristics under different walking speeds and circumstances so as to provide scientific basis on which the gait characteristics of the perpetrator would be analyzed and examined quantitatively, and therefore the suspect as well as the activities happened during the crime could be more reliably profiled. In this paper, three groups of successive sample shoeprints were made by each of the one hundred graduate students in three different walking speeds. A large number of data of step length, stride width and foot angle during normal walking and fast walking were collected and statistically analyzed. It is concluded that with increased walking speed, the step length and stride width were increased but the out-toeing angle decreased. While walking in different speeds, the degree of variation of the gait characteristics differs significantly. KEYWORDS S U C C E S S I V E S H O E P R I N T S ; G A I T CHARACTERISTICS; WALKING SPEED O 55-6 ESTIMATION OF SEX FROM THE GAIT CHARACTERISTICS DURING PROPULSION PHASE Chengqing Tang 449 IAFS ORAL PRESENTATION Oct 17 (Fri) WFF2014 NOTE 450 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 POSTER PRESENTATION 01 ETHICS / LAW / EDUCATION / QAQC (ELQ) P 01-3 RESEARCH ON EXPERIMENTAL TEACHING OF FORENSIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SPECIALTY IN POLICE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES Yi Jin Department of Trace Examination Technology, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China The experimental teaching in police colleges and universities is a very important part of police education, which is directly related to the realization of professional police personnel training target, especially for the teaching of forensic science and technology specialty. At present, experimental teaching has been pay attention to in most of the police colleges and universities, but there are still some police colleges and universities did not build the corresponding satisfying experimental teaching system of forensic science and technology specialty. In this paper, experimental teaching of forensic science and technology specialty in police colleges and universities was analyzed, based on the analysis of advantages and problems arising in the experimental teaching process. Cautions and improvement suggestions were put forward from different aspects such as teaching system, experiment base construction, teacher training, course construction and teaching content, in order to improve the experimental teaching effectiveness of forensic science and technology specialty police education. EXPERIMENTAL TEACHING; FORENSIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; POLICE EDUCATION KEYWORDS CRIMINAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV CRIMINALIZATION IN EU COUNTRIES Gabor Kovacs Department for Criminal Sciences, Szechenyi Istvan University, Gyor, Hungary Introduction : According to UNAIDS 2013 report, an estimated 35.3 million people were living with HIV in 2012. Since the beginning of the epidemic, more than 75 million people have contracted HIV and nearly 36 million have died of HIV-related causes. There is no known cure yet, so HIV; CRIMINALIZATION; TRANSMISSION OF A DISEASE KEYWORDS 453 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 01-5 preventing infection is a key aim in controlling the pandemic. Aim of the research : Scope of our study was enquiring types of law criminalizing the transmission. First question is, whether there is a role for criminal law in HIV prevention? Examining different solutions seem to be useful in urgent need to find answers to questions and to consider further the appropriateness and value of the use of the criminal law in response to the HIV epidemic. Methods : The research is based on comparison of EU member’s criminal codes and on dissection of proceeding of typical criminal cases. Results : There is no published evidence that criminal law has been able to achieve any goal but retribution in the context of intentional HIV exposure. Different types of law have been used to criminalize the transmission of HIV. At first, we have to separate countries which criminalized HIV transmission from those that do not. For example HIV transmission isn’t criminalized in Albania, Luxembourg, Slovenia. Some of countries where HIV transmission may be criminally prosecuted, they have created new offences specific to HIV, for example in Slovakia Criminal Code sections 165 - 166 called : , Exposing Others to Human Immunodeficiency Virus”, but some countries have applied pre-existed offences. The other point of the study was categorization of labels used in countries without HIV-specific legislation. We found out 3 groups, although similar labeling does not imply uniformity of sanction. In some countries, prosecution for the transmission of HIV could be brought under more than one law, transcending this categorization (Finland). The three categories and their variations are, Transmission of contagious disease” (Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic), Bodily harm” (Hungary, Germany, UK), Manslaughter/ Killing/ Poisoning” (France, Sweden). Conclusion : Even after a decision has been made about legislation, a court may still have a hard time deciding whether to find someone guilty or not, because proving that someone has passed on HIV can be exceedingly difficult. There are different elements that need to be established clearly to justify criminal sanctions : mens rea, foreseeability, causality, what is a challenge for law. Research showed, that no matter what legal system is used, there is no easy, one size fits all” law that can make it simpler either. If any progress is to be made on the issue therefore, a very careful international examination of benefits and pitfalls of criminalization needs to take place. WFF2014 P 01-6 P 01-7 DEVELOPMENT OF POLICE HIGHER EDUCATION IN CHINA PROVIDING FORENSICS TRAINING AND MENTORSHIP TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Zhang Hongguo, Chen Lihong, Zhang Yanchun Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, China Police Higher Education is the major approach to improving police officers’ quality in China. Since the beginning of 21st century, Chinese police higher education which enters a rapid developing period is incompatible with the new situation and new tasks. China National Police University is the source of police officers. The author, as a teacher, has been worked on police Higher Education for 11 years. The origination and development of police education in China were researched in this paper. the features of police higher education in China were elaborates introduced by six aspects : the goal of education, the form of school, the nature of school, the management of school, the source of school enrollment and the setting of curriculum. A brief introduction to the development, the pattern and the mechanism of police education in western countries were given. Police education in Hong Kong and Macao also were introduced. Then police higher education in China and western countries were compared by the following aspects : the concept, the mechanism, the contents, the safeguards and the achievements of education. After the above-mentioned comparisons, the future development of police higher education in china were analyzed. 1) Police higher education should be correctly oriented. 2) School record education should be developed together with in-service training. 3) The policy of strengthening the police with science and education should be firmly adhered to.4) Police higher education should be ruled by law. 5) The nurture of students’ capacity of actual combat should be stressed so as to enhance the core competitive capacity of public security universities and colleges. 6) The leadership and support of public security organs to public security universities and colleges should be reinforced. 7) Police education should be open and international exchanges of police education should be further promoted. KEYWORDS P O L I C E ; H I G H E R E D U C AT I O N ; DEVELOPMENT 454 Steven Johnson Forensics and Biometrics, Ideal Innovations, Inc., Arlington, Va, United States After attending this presentation, attendees will have a better understanding of some of the challenges, pitfalls and potential successes in providing forensic science trainign/ mentorship program in less than traditional laboratory environments under, sometimes, extremely austere conditions. This presentation will impact the forensic community by detailing “lessons learned” from early forensic outreach efforts that began with U.S. and other government forensic support in military theaters of operation and went beyond traditional “government to government” services, providing private industry the opportunity to rapidly respond to an emerging need for improved forensic and biometric technologies outside the U.S. and North America. Additionally, these training and mentoring programs provide instruction in the latest standard operating procedures, protocols, techniques and methodologies as they are applied to the various forensic disciplines and can be tailored to the needs of the host nation’s societal and juriprudential requirements. As Rule of Law is becoming more of a focus around the world, it is imperative to provide support to countries that are striving establish standard practices and procedures. Programs of instruction/mentorship can also be geared toward direct training or discipline specific “shepherding” of select host nation laboratory personnel depending on the wishes of the host government. Programs of instruction/mentorship are designed to accommodate the host nation’s existing forensic capabilities and not burden those countries with limited resources and/or infrastructure. By providing them technologies and methodologies within their economic and educational constraints, these programs offer a sustainable foundation for continued operational success. As the host nation personnel become more proficient in forensic techniques and analysis, the goal is for the instruction to evolve into a “train the trainer” scenario so they can continue to provide instruction to their colleagues. Once established, each nation will have the tools to maintain its laboratories without the assistance of an outside entity. Recent successful forensic and biometric training efforts in the Middle East and South America will be highlighted as well as ongoing outreach efforts in Africa and other nontraditional forensic support regions. As there is an effort WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 within the international law enforcement community to strive toward the highest levels of professionalism and precision in criminal investigation, it is incumbent upon those in the forensic sciences to provide assistance when possible. Given the limited resources available in the realm of “government to government” service, the recent rise in private sector forensic service providers is a viable alternative to offer these training/mentorship programs. Designing these programs to be economical, practical and interactive with the host nation participants has led to increased awareness of and the demand for such services. KEYWORDS FORENSICS; MENTORSHIP; TRAINING P 01-8 ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS’ AWARENESS OF THEIR RIGHTS IN TEACHING HOSPITALS IN IRAN Mehrzad Kiani, Shabnam Bazmi Medical Ethics Department, Faculty of Traditional Medicine -Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran -, Iran, Islamic Republic of KEYWORDS PATIENTS’ RIGHT; AWARENESS; PATIENTS’ SATISFACTION P 01-14 MANAGEMENT MODEL OF CHAIN OF CUSTODY FOCUSED ON IMPARTIALITY, INDEPENDENCE AND ETHICS Gustavo Costa Policia Federal, Ministerio Da Justiça, Belo Horizonte, Brazil The police departments and professionals who work to solve crimes face great challenges. With the advent of tecnology implemented in forenses science field, their work reached and fascinated external public. And now it seems more than ever that the police are demanded for quick answers and ways of conducting research and work transparently. In this context, forensic professionals need not only perform, but to demonstrate to the public that the work was undertaken with the utmost impartiality, independence and ethically. Thus, the national forensic system of Brazilian Department of Federal Police was implemented, and it has changed all concepts of management of crime evidences. This tool enables forensic professionals nationwide to access and to manage crime 455 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Introduction : Respecting patients’ rights is an essential component in the provision of good health care. However, it is obvious that passing a regulation is not a guarantee for the protection of patients’ rights. As one of the main complaints is an unacceptable relationship between patients and their health care provider, we decided to assess patients’ awareness of the contents of the Patient’s Bill of Rights in Iran and if they had received a service compatible with their right’s charter. Materials and Methods : This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with a sample of 202 hospitalized patients in the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. A three part questionnaire was used to gather the data. The associations between variables were examined using Pearson’s correlation tests and the significance level was p<0.05 Results : The age of the patients ranged between 11-87 years. Approximately one third of the sample was male, about three quarters were married, and more than half had an educational level higher than high school. In total 10% of subjects were employed and the mean number of admissions was 3.12. Patients’ knowledge was lowest regarding the need for consent to be obtained for the presence of people, who are not directly involved in the treatment process or to be present at a patient’s bedside. Knowledge was highest regarding a patient’s right to know the expertise of the treatment team, medical expenses and insurance coverage, if a patient needs to be transferred to another hospital. The mean of patients’ knowledge regarding the Patient’s Rights Charter in this study was 77.56%. As for patients exercising their rights, the highest score belonged to the patient’s right for attending doctors and treatment team’s confidentiality, while the lowest score belonged to their right to receive necessary information about probable complications, other treatment options and participation in the final selection of treatment method. The mean score of patient’s satisfaction of all the mentioned items in the questionnaire was 8.06 (out of 11 and confidence interval : 95%). The mean score of patient’s satisfaction on the previously mentioned questions did not have a significant relationship with their education level or the number of admissions. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that health care professionals can provide care based on patients’ rights, and health care professionals’ knowledge of patients’ rights needs to be evaluated. If necessary, educational programs, educational leaflets, booklets, and posters about patients’ rights can be helpful in this regard, in addition, professional organizations and the Ministry of Health need to be more sensitive to the issue of patients’ rights. WFF2014 evidences to be analyzed. These evidences comprehend drug samples, hard discs and electronic media, tax and accounting documents, biological traces samples and others forwarded for examination. The system allows not only registration of the evidences, but also monitoring of all proceedings, including all documents produced as a report, information and justified opinions. This system strengthens the entire chain of custody and therefore it demonstrates impartiality and quality in processing the evidences. This management model of chain of custody and reporting is an example for all countries that seek to present results qualitatively robust and linked to a process of integrated and impartial custody to accelerate and to collaborate with the response that it is required for complex forensic cases. No less important is the ability to audit the entire process demonstrating the periods elapsed and the professionals involved. KEYWORDS CRIME EVIDENCES; CHAIN OF CUSTODY; ETHICS P 01-15 MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE AND STANDART OF CARE IN ENGLISH LAW: BOLAM AND BOLITHO TESTS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Yasin Hasan Balcioglu, Filiz Ekim Cevik Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey In last few decades, medical malpractice has been found a significant place for itself in many countries’ law systems. The malpractice concept is constituted by negligence issues and standard of care.Throughout the history of mankind, medicine and law are the two oldest profession, integrated to each other, however there has been no standardization of regulation between them.Law of medicine had been regulated by case-law over the years. In 1957, with the Bolam Case, a milestone of medical negligence and standart of care in terms of law of medicine, Bolam Test was introduced. According to the test, a doctor is not negligent or don’t breach the standart of care, if the administrated practice is supported by a body of opinion of the same profession. More than 50 years, Bolam test is a regulatory and determinative set of criterias which has been applied in many malpractice cases. Bolam itself has left its place to Bolitho test, which is more investigating and based on cause-and-effect principle, due to medical improvements, ethical problems and necessity of logical explanation of medical practice. Bolitho has given the power of investigation for reasonableness and anlayzing of risk for the medical practice in case. Informed consent is 456 also a subject in medical law, which is essential for patient’s autonomy, and in case of absent consent, medical negligence may occur. In this article it is aimed to present the process of evolution of English law system on medical standart of care and negligence alongside several related case examples. BOLAM TEST; BOLITHO TEST; ENGLISH MALPRACTICE AND NEGLIGENCE LAW KEYWORDS P 01-16 DEATH ANXIETY IN STUDENTS OF STUDYING IN VARIOUS HEALTH PROGRAMS RELATED TO HEALTH PROFESSION Ayse Kurtulus1, Sevgi Ozkan2 , Hulya Sorkun3 , Abdullah Cem Sengul4 , Kemalettin Acar1 1 Forensic Medicine, Pamukkale University Medical School, Denizli, Turkey; 2Gynaecology Nursing, Pamukkale University Healthcare College, Denizli, Turkey; 3Medical Laboratory, Pamukkale University Healthcare Vocational School, Denizli, Turkey; 4Psychiatry, Pamukkale University Medical School, Denizli, Turkey Objective : In this study we aimed at evaluating the relationship of death anxiety and death-related depression levels with a number of variables in the first year and last year students of the Healthcare Vocational School and Healthcare College. All of the last year students had taken one semester Forensic Medicine lectures including death and postmortem changes, so it’s thought that the results should had been affected by this education. Materials and Method : The study sample consisted of 430 first- and last-year students of the Healthcare Vocational School in Denizli (Paramedics, Anesthesia, Medical Laboratory, Physiotherapy, Dialysis, Medical Documentation and Pediatric Development) and the Healthcare College (Nursing) in Denizli, a city located in western Turkey. A questionnaire inquiring sociodemographic characteristics, which was developed by the investigators, the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), Death Depression Scale (DDS), State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to collect data for the study. Results : It was found that death anxiety was associated with gender, and DAS and DDS scores were significantly higher in female students (p<0.05). The 4th year students who had taken one semester Forensic Medicine lectures including death and postmortem period had lower DAS scores than the 1st year students among the students of the Nursing WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Department. Conclusion : Death anxiety and death-related depression can be reduced with training; thus, it is important to provide undergraduate or vocational training on this subject to all healthcare professionals. Authors think that forensic medicine lectures in their routine undergraduate education would be extremely beneficial for all health professions. KEYWORDS DEATH ANXIETY; HEALTHCARE EDUCATION; STUDENT P 01-17 ACADEMIC-SCIENTIFIC PROFILE OF THE BRAZILIAN FEDERAL POLICE’S SERVANTS WITH DOCTORATE Guilherme Henrique Braga De Miranda National Police Academy, Federal Police Department, Brasília, Brazil KEYWORDS POSTGRADUATE; TRAINING; BRAZILIAN FEDERAL POLICE P 01-18 THE IBEROAMERICAN NETWORK OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND FORENSIC SCIENCES INSTITUTIONS Duarte Vieira1, Morris Tidball-Binz2 1 Centre of Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; 2Forensic Division, International Committee of Red Cross, Geneve, Switzerland Networking is essential in the context of forensic sciences activity. The use of geographical proximity, and/or of socio-cultural or language similarities in the context of the establishment of these networks, favors its success and the consequent exponential improvement in the quality of the forensic services provided to the population and to justice. Networks should be technical, scientific and academic community liaisons for cooperation, coordination and support between expert and academic public institutions in the different areas of forensic sciences, and related organizations. Networks are an important way for strengthening harmonization of forensic procedures and for the 457 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) I conducted a broad survey of the academic curricula of active servants at the Brazilian Federal Police who have academic degree of doctor. In may 2014, I consulted the database of employees (teachers and other pedagogical functions) of the National Police Academy (ANP), the list of coworkers of the Police College (which brings together the postgraduate courses of the ANP), the list of graduate students of the Training Management Committee of the Board of Personnel Management/DPF, the list of postgraduated servers from Coordination of Human Resources of the Board of Personnel Management Staff/DPF and the available data at the Lattes platform of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). I found 96 doctors among the 13727 active servers of the Brazilian Federal Police Department, being 78 criminal experts (or forensic scientists), corresponding to 7.23% of the specific team of 1079 individuals, 6 commissioners (0.36% of 1662 individuals), 4 agents (0.06% of 6173), 3 fingerprint analysts (0.59% of 511 individuals), 1 police clerk (0.06% of 1787 individuals) and 4 administrative servants (0.16% of 2515 individuals). A criminal expert has two doctoral titles and 22 doctors act as teachers in higher education institutions, public and private. Only eight of the doctors joined in the Federal Police for over 15 years and 17 have fewer than five years of service in the DPF. While nearly half (46) completed their doctorate for over ten years, 21 doctors have had the title for less than five years. A third of doctors (35) is in the chemical field, 18 are from the large group of engineering, 13 are in the biological field, 10 are in the geosciences field, 6 in the medical field, 5 in the information technology field, 5 in the law field, 3 in the social field and 2 in the administration field. 17 doctors obtained their title at the University of Brasilia, 15 at the State University of Campinas, 12 at the University of São Paulo, 12 at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 7 at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, 6 at the Federal University of Minas Gerais and 6 at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Four doctors were trained abroad (2 in the United States of America, 1 in France and 1 in Denmark). Nineteen doctors performed Postdoctoral-level activities in prestigious national and foreign universities. There are nine doctoral students (8 in the field of law and 1 in informatics) formally promoted by the Federal Police, through the Training Management Committee. Besides that, the number of Federal Police servers with Master´s title is estimated at more than 800. Anyway, the existence of this highly skilled technical staff indicates the prestige and the high level of professional framework of the Brazilian Federal Police, which comes from extremely difficult and crowded public tenders and suggests the great potential of scientific development of the institution. WFF2014 dissemination and exchange of periodic updates on regulatory framework, forensic organization, training and teaching, methodological strategies, experiences, technology transfer, scientific research, etc. The authors present the Iberoamerican Network of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences Institutions, created in 2007 and involving 22 Portuguese and Spanish speaking Iberoamerican countries. The main objectives of this network are to strengthen the practice of forensic medicine and forensic sciences in Latin America, to promote a better integration and knowledge of the different forensic systems of Latin American countries, of the international standards of performance in every expert area and of the national and international instruments for cooperation in this field, and also to encourage regular meetings between Latin American forensic specialists. The experience and main achievements obtained during the first 7 years of existence the Iberoamerican Network of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences Institutions are presented, as well as an analysis of the advantages resulting from this kind of networks and of the difficulties to implement them. NETWORKING; FORENSIC SCIENCE INSTITUTIONS; FORENSIC MEDICINE INSTITUTIONS though sometimes misguided, frequent unsavory remarks on the doctors by the judiciary, the bringing of medical profession under the purview of the Consumer Protection Act is in contrast to the decreasing of the importance of the subject of Forensic Medicine in the medical curriculum. Adding to this is the casual approach to the subject both by the teachers and the taught. All this has culminated into a situation where the fate of the subject befits the words of Sir Winston Churchill, “This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning.” The Medical Council of India has come up with new regulations on “Graduate Medical Education 2012” which is designed with a goal to create an “Indian Medical Graduate” possessing requisite knowledge, skills, attitudes, values and responsiveness, so that he or she may function appropriately and effectively as a physician of first contact while being globally relevant. As per this regulation there is a proposal to make forensic medicine and toxicology a clinical subject where it will be taught during and second and third years of the course with horizontal and vertical integration with other subjects. Emphasis is also given to the small group learning activities like seminars, tutorials and self-directed learning. KEYWORDS KEYWORDS MEDICAL CURRICULUM; HORIZONTAL A N D V E RT I C A L I N T E G R AT I O N ; L E A R N I N G ACTIVITIES P 01-19 FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY IN UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL CURRICULUM IN INDIA: PAST, PRESENT AND THE FUTURE IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Prashantha Bhagavath, Haneil D’souza Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India Forensic medicine and Toxicology is a part of under-graduate curriculum in medical schools in India. It is taught during the second year of the course as a pre-clinical subject. In India, Forensic medicine & Toxicology, though an important and integral part of medical education, has been experiencing its ups and downs in the recent past. Having had its glory in the past, playing a pivotal role in aiding criminal justice, it has unfortunately failed to maintain its impetus and importance. Adding to the misery, the Medical Council of India (MCI) - the national supreme body for medical education, has come down heavily on this specialty in general and on its curriculum in particular at the undergraduate level, pushing it down to the cross roads. The increasing legal awareness among the general public 458 P 01-20 EVALUATION OF FORENSIC SCIENCE AND CRIMINAL NEWS USING BUDD’S SCORE Merve Oren1, Cuneyt Cenger2 , Yuksel Yazici3 , Hulya Dogan1, Seyma Yenil1, Sadiye S Bag1, Yılmaz Yazici1, Zeynep Kırdı1, Atiye Sozen1, Suheyla Aliustaoglu1 1 Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, ıSTANBUL, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction : The evaluation of health news that present in the media was first done in 1930 using the Budd’s Score in Great Britain. Budd’s Score has been adapted for Turkey. Budd’s Score assessment studies process and evaluate features of the news numerically. This process, which has been carried out for health news before, is being used in the field of forensic sciences for the first time. The aim of this study was to assess forensic science news that present in the print media. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Methods : All forensic science news articles from April, 2012, through March, 2014, were collected from corporations who scan the news in the print media all around Turkey, and were scaled using Budd’s Score. Our assessment revealed that the journal with the highest circulation had a circulation figure of 1 080 230. In total, 31 782 printed news articles were evaluated in terms of type, circulation figures, relevance to forensic science news, date of publication, page number, title of article, accordance between title and content, title length, and footprint percentage on the page. Results : In the evaluation, 91% of the news was related to the field of forensic science; the mean Budd’s Score was 5.06±2.30 (n=28 771). Of the news dealing with forensic science, 31% of the titles were evaluated as “exaggerated”. Discussion : The media holds an important and powerful position in Turkey as it does all around the world. Ethical concerns while reporting the news are essential. Forensic science professionals are sometimes concerned about the potential effects of news articles with respect to justice, just like in their practice of forensic science. Informing the public about current events is one of the most important virtues of democracy. However, public orientation and interruption of judicial processes via the print media are unwanted/ unexpected outcomes. For these purposes, we tried to reveal the current status of Turkish print media in case of incidents dealing with forensic sciences. KEYWORDS BUDD’S SCORE; FORENSIC SCIENCES; PRINT MEDIA P 01-21 EVALUATION OF NEWS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN USING BUDD’S SCORE Introduction : The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined violence as “use of the possessed power or force to oneself, another human, a particular group or community in a manner ending or likely to end in injury or death by threat of force or in person”. The process including transformation of violence into types of behavior based upon sex that hurts or harms women, has the probability of resulting in physical, KEYWORDS VIOLENCE; THE PRINT MEDIA; PUBLIC HEALTH 459 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Cuneyt Cenger1, Yılmaz Yazici2 , Ahmet Acar2 , Atiye Sozen1, Ayse Demirel2 , Yuksel Yazici3 , Hulya Dogan2 , Seyma Yenil2 , Sadiye Bag2 , Zeynep Kırdı2 1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Public Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of JusticeMinistry, Istanbul, Turkey sexual, and psychological damage. The physical and mental health outcomes of violence affect individuals, families, and the whole community socially and emotionally. The shortand long-term effects of violence can negatively influence woman’s professional life or even bring it to an end, and also cause a loss of economic independence or push women into poverty. Currently in Turkey, the print media acts towards these public health issues in an unethical and unscientific practice that needs to be challenged. The aim of this study was to introduce methods of approach to stories of sexual abuse, female suicides and female homicides. We also assessed whether ethical and scientific components were taken into consideration in the media. Methods : All the forensic science news articles from April, 2012, through March, 2014, were collected from corporations who scan the news from all around Turkey. From these articles, news about sexual abuse, female suicide, and female homicide were included in the study (n=3 462). We determined the type of publication, circulation figures, coverage of print media, date of publication, correlation between title and content, subject, the ethical processes regarding the news (photograph, summary, content), the presence of community orientation and/or stigmatization, the scientific appropriateness of news. The articles were evaluated with Budd Score according to their page number, their location in the page, footprint percentage on the page, presence of extension of first-page news on the other pages and title length. All data were evaluated in frequencies and percentages by using appropriate statistical methods with the help of SPSS 21.0 software package. Results : of the articles evaluated, 59.4% (n=2 058) were female homicides, 21.3% (n=739) were female suicides, and 19.2% (n=665) were sexual abuse articles. The mean Budd’s Scores were 5.49 ± 2.18; 5.13 ± 2.13 and 5.63 ± 2.21, respectively. Evaluating scientific appropriateness, 73.8% of the articles were about female suicides, 59.6% female homicides, and 56.7% of articles about sexual abuse were not scientifically appropriate. Discussion : Some of the main criminal incidents that outrage and profoundly affect communities are homicide, suicide, and sexual abuse of women. The way in which such criminal incidents are presented in the print media determines the community reaction to these incidents. The presence of these stories in the print media that disobey ethical rules, and imply orientation and stigmatization with a poor scientific understanding may lead to falsification. For this reason, great care should be taken with presenting forensic science articles. WFF2014 P 01-22 MALPRACTICE IN PATHOLOGY: CASE REPORT Haluk Ince1, Yuksel Yazıcı2 , Cuneyt Cenger1, Suheyla Aliustaoglu2 1 Forensic Medicine, Istanbul Üniversity Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Council Juctice of Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey Surgical pathology has a relatively low diagnostic error rate. The clinically significant diagnostic error rate in surgical pathology reported in the literature varies from 0.26% to 1.2%. Since the pathologists are the final step in the process of diagnosis, they play an important role among the physicians. The pathologists must maintain the high standard of care. Identifying the most frequent errors in pathology as follows : Breast biopsy, melanoma and lymphoma, fine needle aspiration (FNA), frozen section and prostate biopsy.Proper analysis of medical malpractice cases is very important in the management of medical malpractice. It must be investigated on which level of healthcare services and by whom these failures were caused and all tests and treatments as well as follow-ups must be archived regularly and accurately in order to provide a significant reference for the standardization of professional as well as medico-legal procedures. KEYWORDS DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; THE PAT H O L O G I S T S ; S TA N D A R D I Z AT I O N A N D ACCREDITATION IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 01-23 ETHICS, MEDICAL LAW, AND PROFESSIONALISM EDUCATION IN THE COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA Oktavinda Safitry Forensic and Medicolegal Studies Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Medical education system in Indonesia had a major change in 2005 when we implemented the Competence Based Curriculum (CBC). The Indonesia Medical council established seven competency of Indonesian Doctor and one of them is “ethics, law, professionalism, and patient safety” which in 2012 was revised into “noble professionalism under God” with some additional core competencies. Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia (FMUI), the 460 oldest Faculty of Medicine in Indonesia, adopted Problem Based Learning method with organ-system based modules. The medical curriculum was divided into three stages, the general education, integrated medical sciences, and clinical practice. The changes from content based, teacher centered curriculum into competency based, student centered curriculum has also brought a vast shift in ethics teaching. Ethics, law, and professionalism in the CBC was designed to be taught in all stages, according to the Miller’s pyramid, the “knows” would be taught in the general education phase; the “knows how” and “shows how” would be taught during integrated medical sciences, embedded in the modules; the “does” would be taught in the clinical practice modules. From one-direction lecture, it is now using various methods such as case based discussion, role play, moot court, movie discussion, home visit, visiting disabled people, and hospital volunteer program in helping the student to learn ethics, law, and professionalism. The module was called “Empathy, Bioethics, Personal and Professional Development in the Context of Humanism” (EBPPDH) which also contained effective communication and cultural competence. This paper will discuss FMUI’s experience in teaching ethics, law, and professionalism. KEYWORDS ETHICS EDUCATION; MEDICAL LAW EDUCATION; PROFESSIONALISM EDUCATION P 01-24 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAFFIC FATALITY ACCIDENT IN ELDERLY. MEDELLÍN, 2005 TO 2010 Ruben Manrique, Eliana Giraldo, Veronica Romero Antioquia, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal, Medellin, Colombia Objective. Identify risk factors geographic, environmental and accident, associated with the risk of dying from traffic accidents among the elderly in the city of Medellin, which occurred in the years 2005 to 2010 in order to generate evidence to guide management preventive actions and the construction of public policies on road safety for this population. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with case-control analysis matched for age and sex, based on secondary data records generated in the municipality of Medellin on road accidents in the period between 2005 and 2010. Was calculated the OR (CI-95%) to explore association between factors and the risk of dying from traffic accidents. Was performed a conditional logistic regression analysis to WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 estimate the probability of dying from an adult according to the geographical risk factors, environmental and accident. Georeferencing was used for spatially locating the sites of occurrence and results of the study. Results : Was found no association between the risk of dying from traffic accidents in the elderly and the condition of pedestrian walkways and number one (1) to two (2) where the accident occurred. The place of higher occurrence of accidents with fatalities was the Candelaria district. Conclusion : In the city of Medellin older adults are more driven and risk associated with dying once when they are injured on condition of pedestrian run-over on the day on the road and when there are one to two lanes and presents a driveway. But the greater likelihood of dying is presented in the pedestrian walkways between one and two. KEYWORDS ELDERLY; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; LETALITY POSTER PRESENTATION 02 FORENSIC ENGINEERING SCIENCE / GUN / FIREARMS (ES/GF) P 02-1 THE RESEARCH OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON THE LETHALITY OF NONSTANDARD FIREARM Aoyang Yu Forensic Science Department, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China KEYWORDS NUMERICAL SIMULATION; NONSTANDARD FIREARM; LETHALITY P 02-2 OCCUPANT INJURY SIMULATION MODEL DEVELOPMENT USING MADYMO ACTIVE HUMAN MODEL Seongjin Kim1, Woojeong Jeon1, Sungji Park2 , Jongjin Park2 , Jongchan Park3 1 Physics & Engineering Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South); 2Physics & Engineering Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) In low velocity vehicle impact accident, an occupant can have injuries such as neck tension and muscle strain. However, in many cases, occupants claim an excessive amount of insurance even for an accident that has very little possibility of injury. Recently, to solve this problem, the police and investigative agency have increasingly requested injury assessment to National Forensic Service, which has been performing engineering evaluation using MADYMO. Since MADYMO simulation requires a high level of trained skills, the agency has difficulty dealing with the high number of requests and, because the crash test dummy tends to have higher tension, introduction of a proper model for low velocity accident is urgently needed. In this study, an injury assessment model will be built using Active Human Model, which was built based on actual human. By developing a model that performs a vehicle contact simulation on PC-Crash and operates MADYMO simply by setting basic input variables, the study will help actively respond to rapidly increasing requests for injury assessment. This is expected to be the first case in which Active Human Model is used for a specific work process in the world, and provide more reliable evaluation results by reflecting the tension of human body more accurately. KEYWORDS MADYMO; ACTIVE HUMAN MODEL; NECK INJURY P 02-4 FORKLIFT SAFETY ACCIDENT ANALYSIS USING AN 461 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) This paper uses the numerical simulation program ANSYS simulates the antipersonnel process of the 9mm sphere projectiles shot by nonstandard firearm. And acquire the velocity attenuation curve, displacement curve, reduction of the total energy and the instantaneous cavum by ANSYS during the sphere projectiles in the water. Through comparing with the experiment results, improve the design of numerical model and reduce the errors. Then analyzed the results of numerical simulation and summarize the following conclusions.First, 9mm spherical lead projectiles which are shot by non-standard firearm in 300m/s speed could penetrate more than 20.37cm and have the ability that shot through an adult Asian.Second, after penetrated 20.37cm in water, 9mm spherical lead projectiles still have 87.49J kinetic energy and have enough lethality to hurt people.Third, the instantaneous cavity is the significant factor to cause the tissue trauma and it should be the important reference factor in the examination of non-standard firearm’s lethality. WFF2014 ACCELEROMETER IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Youngnae Lee1, Sungji Park2 , Harin Cheong3 1 Daegu Institute, National Forensic Service, Daegu, Korea (South); 2Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Forensic Medical Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) Forklift is the vehicle that conveys loads and unloads them in industrial fields. There happens annually many accidents involved with the forklift which costs many lives. One of them is an accident due to careless driving. Generally speaking, when a driver leaves a vehicle, it must be in a state of complete hault. Otherwise, the vehicle on a gentle slope or by the driving power, without a controller (driver), rolls down the road and hit a pedestrian or a driver oneself. When it occurs, the victim was forced to die hit by the huge impulse of the rolling vehicle which is caused by the heavy weights of ordinary cars. A forklift, for example, weighs over 3 tons. In this paper we analyzed an accident involved with a forklift. In the case when the forklift driver leaves a seat and in the process of getting out of the forklift, he may have pushed unintentionally the gear lever and letting the vehicle go without a driver. The forklift driver himself, the victim, was found dead compressed between the ongoing folklift and the container box. The victim has died from serious wounds he has received to his chest. We conducted a driving test with the accident forklift at the site. We let the forklift be in a state of forward gear and without acceleration. And then it was made to crash a silicone block leaning against the container box. The silicone dummy is a good substitute for the human chest. We could measure quantitatively the impulse and the dynamic force on the silicone block given by the forklift. The result shows that even a slow progressing vehicle could severely damage the chest of the human. The analysis agrees well with the autopsy report of the victim. And we finally, for the prevention of forklift accident, make a suggestion that a forklift should adopt the safety device such as a seat sensor which is highly utilized in heavy equipment vehicles. FORKLIFT SAFETY ACCIDENT; SILICONE BLOCK; ACCELEROMETER KEYWORDS P 02-5 INFLUENCE OF RATES OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN ON DYNAMICS OF VIOLENT ENCROACHMENTS WITH FIREARMS APPLICATION 462 Yuriy Kolossov1, Mete Korkut Gulmen2 1 Dept. Of Forensic Medicine, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakstan; 2Dept.of Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey The question of armed civilian population up to present time is ambiguous and has two fundamentally opposing points of view. According to some people, availability of firearms among the civilian population is pledging of personal security, and according to others, it is a tool for crime. The Republic of Kazakhstan is a part of the countries with low and medium population in connection with a large territory. Increase of rates of social and economic development leads to inevitable increase in quantity and the population density which reached 1.4% in 2012 according to the World Bank. The results of social and economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan and amount of the fire wounds in the north, south, west, east and central regions of the country will be compared. The retrospective analysis of the Statistics Agency’s data in Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2012. The obtained results are given in absolute numbers and counted the number of population in the country regions. The number of clinical cases of firearms application by region of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2012. In the West : in 2010, 33 wounded (0, 013 ‰), in 2011- 57 (0, 023 ‰), in 2012-143 (0, 052 ‰). In the South : in 2010-52 wounded (0, 006 ‰), in 2011 - 91 (0, 011 ‰), in 2012-108 (0, 013 ‰). In the East : in 2010- 67 wounded (0, 032 ‰), in 2011 -57 (0, 026 ‰), in 2012 -41 (0, 019 ‰). In the North : in 2010, 14 wounded (0, 006 ‰), in 2011 - 22 (0, 010 ‰), in 2012 - 25 (0, 011 ‰). In the central part : in 2010, 36 wounded (0, 017 ‰), in 2011 -31 (0, 014 ‰), in 2012- 64 (0, 030 ‰). The number of autopsy cases of firearms application by regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2012 with a fatal outcome : Western : in 2010 (‰), in 2011- 59 (0, 023 ‰), in 2012 -49 (0, 019 ‰). Southern : in 2010 (‰), in 2011134 (0, 017 ‰), in 2012 -118 (0, 013 ‰). Eastern : in 2010 (‰), 2011 - 37 (0, 017 ‰), in 2012- 29 (0, 013 ‰). Northern : in 2010 (‰), 2011 - 26 (0, 011 ‰), in 2012 - 25 (0, 011 ‰). Central : in 2010 (‰), 2011- 39 (0, 018 ‰), in 2012 - 32 (0, 015 ‰). Improving the quality of medical care for victims led to the reduction in the number of mortis causa from firearms. However, due to the growing prosperity of the country, there was a sharp jump in the acquisition of firearms traumatic weapons by various segments of the population, which resulted in an increase in the number of non-fatal injuries. Increasing socio-economic indicators in the country differs the wounds. Therefore, to optimize the forensic medical WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 services in a changing environment socio-economic activity and to improve forecasting techniques and expanding the use of the legislative qualifying signs “the use of weapons and items used as weapons” in articles of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and for addressing the need for the voluntary surrender and the acquisition prohibition of traumatic firearms arises the need to study further this problem. KEYWORDS SHUT GUNS; KAZAKHSTAN; AUTOPSY P 02-6 DEFECT ANALYSIS OF DIE-CASTING ALUMINUM PAN USING 3D X-RAY CT Seunghun Sa, Changho Choi, Eunah Joo, Sungji Park, Jaegeun Oh, Jinpyo Kim Physics Engineering, Seoul Institue/National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South) KEYWORDS 3 D X - R AY C T; D E F E C T A N A LY S I S ; P 02-9 A PROCEDURE MODEL FOR EVALUATING MOTION CHANGE OF VEHICLE AND DRIVER & PASSENGER’S INJURY IN LOW-SPEED REAR IMPACT Yongmin Ha, Hongseok Lee, Jihun Choi, Wontaek Oh, Hasun Park, Myoungcheol Park, Songhee Kim, Jongchan Park Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) The bodily wound like whiplash injury (neck injury) and sprain of lumbar spine may occur in low-speed rear collision accidents. Although the slight injuries are expected, the medical certificates tend to be published and abused. They cause excessive medical claim costs and moral hazards : the truth or falsehood about them. They have been social issues all over the world. Whiplash is thought to occur during the rapid differential movement of the body relative to the head, when the seat moves forward in a rear-end crash and the head doesn’t, because the head is not supported by the head restraint. Finally, during the impact phase, the head catches up with the body, but in the meantime, the neck has been forced into an ‘S’ shape. It is the so-called hyper-extension mechanism including flexion and extension. Euro NCAP (New Car Assessment Program) whiplash scheme prescribes the 3 acceleration pulse test modes : ①low (16km/h, 5.5g-mean, SRA), ②medium (16km/h, 10g-max, triangular, IIWPG), ③high (24km/h, 7.5g-mean, SRA). We used medium acceleration pulse as a criteria. We performed vehicle-to-vehicle impact tests under condition as follows : ①variable-speed (8, 12, 15km/h), ② variable-weight (800, 1200, 1500kg), ③variable-upperlower-area (Overriding, Engagement, Undermining) and ④ variable-right-left-area (Whole, 40%-Offset). We measure velocity change and mean-max-acceleration of struckvehicle, compare them with medium acceleration pulse, simulate impact tests by MADYMO and finally evaluate driver & passenger (co-driver)’s whiplash injury risk. NFS in Korea have made an assessment of faked illness since 2006 with the application of MADYMO simulation program. Generally NFS’s appraisal statement come to a conclusion that there is very little likelihood of driver & passenger’s remarkable motion change and injury in low-speed rear impact accident. The medical certificate is in competition with appraisal statement in the area of civil and criminal suit. 463 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) An explosion occurred at a refrigerated warehouse of an ice-cream manufacturing plant located in Namyangjoo Gyeonggi-do. The debris from the damaged cooling fan blades hit an evaporator pipe and made holes. The NH3 gas leaked from the evaporator pipe, formed limit of explosion and ignited by ignition sources. The mounting parts of the cooling fan blade which are weak structurally are damaged, and the causes that lead to damage could be the continuous vibration due to fastening failure of the blade mounting part and housing or some foreign substances around the blade fan leading to deep impact on the damaged part. And another important factor is the manufacturing defects of blade itself. Therefore it was required to confirm whether there were manufacturing defects on the cooling fan blades. We carried out a non-destructive inspection using 3D X-ray CT to find out the manufacturing defects on the damaged mounting part of cooling fan blade. As a result, there were a number of unusual voids inside the mounting parts, and some of them are larger than 7mm diameter. This voids could be formed in the wrong manufacturing process. In consequence, we concluded that the mounting part of cooling fan blade was fractured because of the manufacturing defects. We found that using 3D X-ray CT is practical enough to do the defect inspection for aluminum die casting products. In addition, we’re anticipating that the reliability of the next researches will be improved by applying such a method. EXPLOSION WFF2014 The both of them have admissibility of evidence but are rival relation in probative force. The rear-end collision accident result in physical change of struck vehicle and its driver and passenger. The force, impulse, energy and Velocity change (ΔV, Delta-V) are used as a physical quantity for estimating their motion change extent and level. The velocity change of struck vehicle is defined as the variation in before and after rear-end collision. It can be calculated by vehicle’s weight ratio and relative velocity difference theoretically or measured in a collision test. Also it is useful as an indicator for estimating the motion change extent and level. We suggest that critical velocity change (ΔVc) be 8~15km/h on the basis of several papers and documents. We cannot expect the remarkable motion change of impacted vehicle in velocity change less than 8~15km/h. Finally, we propose a procedure model for evaluating motion change of vehicle and driver & passenger’s injury in low-speed rear impact and similar traffic accident. It is composed as follows : Classifying low-speed rear impact or similar traffic accident, Calculating velocity change (ΔV) quantitatively or Estimating velocity change on the basis of damage of struck vehicle, Comparing ΔV with ΔVc and Deciding the possibility of injury. There are 5 levels in damage of struck vehicle. There are 5 levels in the possibility of injury. KEYWORDS L O W- S P E E D R E A R - E N D I M PA C T; WHIPLASH INJURY; CRITICAL VELOCITY CHANGE (△VC) of over 90%. To find out how direction, distance and wind velocity affect how the primer residues are distributed from the K-2 rifle and CAL. 45 pistol, the major firearms used in Republic of Korea’s military, the experiment was applied the established MND SIL’s GSR analysis method. The results of experiments that primer residue particles were detected from the front→right (where the cartridge is ejected)→back→then left in that order for the K-2 rifle. For the CAL. 45 pistol, primer residue particles were detected from the direction of the muzzle compared to the right, left and back, which showed similar rates of detection. As for how distance affects detection rate, the detection rate for the front kept increasing until 1.6 m for K-2 rifle but for CAL. 45 pistol detection rate increased until 0.8 m and then decreased rapidly. Both K-2 rifle and CAL. 45 pistol showed an increasing detection rate for the right side where the cartridge is driven out. As for the left and back side, the detection rate increased until 0.8 m but started to decrease as the distance surpassed 0.8 m. We have confirmed that amount of primer residue particles were influenced by wind velocity. The conclusions of the presented study can be potentially used for evidence recovery in real case investigations. GUNSHOT RESIDUE; SEM/EDS; DISTRIBUTION OF GSR KEYWORDS P 02-11 QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF STRIATED TOOLMARKS P 02-10 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) DISTRIBUTION OF INORGANIC GUNSHOT RESIDUE (GSR) PARTICLES IN TERMS OF DISTANCE, DIRECTION AND WIND VELOCITY USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY/ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROMETRY (SEM/EDS) Won-Seok Park, Bong-Hwan Lim Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Command, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South) This study aims to establish an analytical method for primer residue (inorganic gunshot residue) particles using SEM/ EDS, one of the most significant evidence in Republic of Korea’s military firearm accidents. Selectivity, sensitivity, and robust or repeatability were chosen as characteristics to ensure validity and reliability of the experiment. The analysis indicated a distinct existence of Pb/Sb/Ba particles characteristic of primer residue, Ba/Sb, Pb/Sb, Pb/Ba, Ba/ Ca/Si particles consistent with GSR and the detection rate 464 Peter Zoon, Martin Baiker, Rene Pieterman, Isaac Keereweer Microtraces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Introduction : Traditionally, the comparison of two striated toolmarks is done by a toolmark examiner using a comparison microscope. With the goal to determine if the observed striation patterns are in sufficient agreement or disagreement to conclude that they are of common or different origin respectively. Manual toolmark identification includes subjectivity in the process and in recent years the demand for more objective approaches has increased substantially. The goal of our work is to develop an objective way of comparing striated toolmarks. Methodology : The framework for objective toolmark comparison is based on 3D topographic data of screwdriver toolmarks, acquired using an Alicona Infinite Focus WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 TOOLMARKS; SURFACE METROLOGY; IMAGE ANALYSIS KEYWORDS P 02-12 TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH Woojeong Jeon, Seongjin Kim, Byungseon Moon Physics & Engineering Division, Busan Institute, National Forensic Service, Yangsan, Korea (South) Recently aerial photograph and video are often encountered due to the popularization of automatic navigation devices using GPS and high-quality compact cameras. Therefore, it is possible to achieve accurate and high-resolution images of vehicle accident scene with low cost by utilizing equipment such like multi-copter and GoPro camera. The on-the-spot investigation of traffic accident is a very important procedure for vehicle accident reconstruction. It is essentially required to examine traces on the road, vehicle trajectory and final positions of vehicles. It is also necessary to understand the overall characteristics including geometric road alignment and road visibility. Therefore, accurate measurements and drawings for the scene of the traffic accident are the most important factors. However, in case there is crossroad or turning section and exist a lot of traces on the accident spot, it is very difficult and takes long time to draw the scene accurately. It is also difficult to guarantee objectivity and intuitive understanding for the accident scene. In this paper, aerial photographs of several vehicle accident scenes were achieved from heli-cam equipment and those images were used as road drawings after calibration of camera lens distortion and scale correction. In addition, those vehicle accidents were more realistically reconstructed and more intuitively demonstrated using PC-Crash software. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION; HELI-CAM KEYWORDS P 02-13 THE FAILURE OF A BUNGEE DROP IN AN AMUSEMENT PARK Chan-Seong Park1, Hong-Keun Ji2 , Eui-Soo Kim1, DongGyu Lee1, Jeong-Woo Nam1, Jin-Pyo Kim1, Jae-Mo Goh3 , Nam-Kyu Park1 1 Divison of Forensic Safety, National Forensic Service, Woonju, Korea (South); 2Physical Engineering Section, National Forensic Service Daejeon Agency, Daejeon, Korea (South); 3 Gwang-ju Agency, National Forensic Service, Gwang-ju, Korea (South) This presentation introduces the fatigue failure of the rolling bearings installed at the failed freely dropping ride called “bungee drop” that caused the death of one rescue worker and the various types of operation modes that can cause the 465 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Microscope with high resolution. After acquisition, the data is pre-processed, in order to remove noise and ‘form’ (shape) of the tool from the data and align the striations to a common coordinate system. Subsequently, toolmark profiles are extracted. Profiles of different toolmarks are then aligned using a multi-scale registration strategy. This renders the profile alignment highly accurate and robust with respect to large difference in the angle of attack and moderate compression. Cross correlation is used as similarity score. Known-match and known-non-match distributions are determined after registration. In addition, sub-band extraction is applied to the data to determine spatial frequency bands that contain structures with high discriminatory power and bands with little discriminatory power (e.g. bands including sub-class characteristics). Summary of Results : The framework was tested with experimental toolmarks of fifty (n=50) screwdrivers of the same brand and type. Toolmarks were created at five different angles of attack : 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 degrees. After preprocessing and alignment, similarity distributions were determined for known-matches, including 0, 15 and 30 degree angle of attack difference distributions and knownnon-matches. The results show that known-match and known-non-match distributions are well separated, largely independent on the angle of attack. The performance of the system relying on 2D and 3D data respectively was compared and revealed, that the results obtained with 3D data slightly outperform the results obtained with 2D data. General conclusion : We demonstrate that the combination of robust multi-scale profile registration with global cross correlation as similarity measure leads to clear separation between known-match and known-non-match distributions, even in case of differences in angles of attack up to 30 degrees and moderate toolmark compression. The comparison of applying our analysis to 2D and 3D shows an advantage of using 3D data. However this advantage is smaller than expected. We hypothesize that the discriminatory power of the system will increase further if the blade is damaged as a result of usage. IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) WFF2014 failure of a bungee drop. There were two accidents at the bungee drop. In the first accident, the moving frame with 15 passengers stopped abruptly in the middle of the main structure at a height of 27 m. When the rescue team was trying to rescue the passengers from the moving frame, it dropped abruptly, causing one rescue worker to fall to his death. All of the urethane wheels with bearings for the guide of the moving frame were investigated. The urethane wheels were severely worn out, and some were octagonal as a result. In the roller bearings of urethane wheels, various types of damage, such as fatigue, wear and corrosion are commonly seen. With fatigue damage, flaking that initiated from micro cracks below the surface was noted at the roller and inner ring. There was contact trace evidence at the surface of the rod that was installed onto the piston in the cylinder. From an investigation, we concluded that the moving frame was in an unstable equilibrium state that would be broken with a small disturbance load when the rescue teams were in operation. The unstable equilibrium state was maintained by the weight of the passengers and the frictional forces caused by the urethane wheels and poor lubrication of the rod. A second accident was happened nine years after the first accident. The moving frame with 12 passengers dropped abruptly as it was moving upward. It stopped at a height of 53 cm due to the operation of the emergency brake system. Some passengers suffered spinal fractures. All the compressed air system equipment was investigated by varying the compressed air pressure. The moving frame was operated by varying the compressed air pressure as well, and all of the test cases were recorded by a video camera to analyze the time difference of the moving frame at each operation step. From the investigation, we concluded that the moving frame dropped because only one air compressor, set to an unloading pressure to 8 kg/cm2, was operating while the other air compressor, set to an unloading pressure 9.5 kg/cm2, was not operating at the time of the incident. After the investigation, it was recommended that a control system for the bungee drop should be installed to prevent the start-up of the moving frame given a poor state of the compressed air system. KEYWORDS : BUNGEE DROP;, BEARING; FLAKING P 02-14 RESEARCH ON CONSTRUCTING DATA FILES OF THE VEHICLE TIRE TEXTURE Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police 466 University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R, China Through collecting and studying more than 500 tire texture photographs, this thesis constructs a data with nearly 10 thousands. According to tire texture, it builds official files by the brands of data manufactories and application standards of tire. The thesis finds that different brand of tire have unique veins classify by the environment which tire texture adapted and the tire texture which vehicles fit in with and collecting the wide of section cut, the diameter of the tire laying out by different classificatory methods, we produce an inquiring computer program by Visual FoxPro, we can decide the scope of vehicle type by in putting the tire texture data collected at the scene and comparing. That cuts short a lot of inquiring time. Through a lot of research, the thesis found that type a texture not only influence the draught, brake and drain off water of a vehicle, but also decides the entire model of a vehicle. So every vehicle tire, which a tire texture fit in with, has severe regularity. The regularity is benefit to contract the investigative scope, decide the investigative direction and save the recourse of handling a case. Based on this through building official files of tire texture, makes the tire texture and data easy to inquire. KEYWORDS TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; DATAFILE; TYPE TREAD P 02-15 RESEARCH ON VEHICLE TIRE BLOWOUT IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT Hanxin Zhang Traffic, Explosive and Special Evidence Examination Faculty’s Office, Department of Criminal Science, China Criminal Police University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R., China When vehicle is running on the road, because of the wheel quality defection, improper use, obstacles on the road, bad weather and other reasons, the vehicle tire blowout phenomenon often occurs. This is one of the important factors which lead to traffic accidents. According to the Ministry of public security, traffic accidents caused by tire burst accounted for more than 70% of China. It has become a traffic accident “killer”. In dealing with a correct understanding of the mechanism of tire blowout causes in the traffic accidents, we will accurate tire burst analysis. At the same time, prevention is an important research topic. The tire pressure, overload, over speed, out of safety requirements, maintain undeserved etc, which are the cause of tire burst. The correct use, maintenance, maintenance of tire, vehicle mounted WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 warning device, driving safety, can effectively prevent the occurrence of vehicle tire. In this paper, through the specification and process structure, tire pattern analysis of the tire, the reason for the formation of vehicle road traffic accidents in tire burst problem is analyzed in detail. From the different cause of tire burst are classified, and the tire in the road traffic accidents have burst analyzes completely. To help the public security personnel quickly, effectively deal with road traffic accidents caused by tire burst. KEYWORDS TIRE BLOWOUT; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; CAUSE ANALYSIS P 02-17 STUDY ON TRAFFIC ACCIDENT ANALYSIS USING DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH DATA Park Jong Jin1, Sung Ji Park1, Jong Chan Park2 1 Physics & Engineering Division, Seoul institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) D I G I TA L TA C H O G R A P H ; T R A F F I C ACCIDENT; INVESTIGATION AND RECONSTRUCTION KEYWORDS P 02-18 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY OF PEDESTRIAN CRASHES IN FEDERAL DISTRICT, Bruno Telles1, Maurício Sercheli1, Charles Andrade2 , Nagao Kawano2 , Reynaldo Soares2 , Alexandre Vicente2 , Wilson Camargo2 , Juliano Gomes1 1 Reseach, Fundação De Peritos Em Criminalística Ilaraine Acácio Arce, Brasília (Df), Brazil; 2Instituto De Criminalística, Polícia Civil Do Distrito Federal, Brasília (Df), Brazil The high incidence of pedestrian-car collisions in urban area make this event one of the most important public health problems, resulting in high social security expenses and elevated economic costs, creating problems related to property damage, besides to cause physical injury, suffering and loss of quality of life of the victims, their relatives and society as a whole. To address this problem, it is important to adopt countermeasures that aim to prevent and reduce the risk. In order to obtain efficient, their selection must be based on information of where, what, when, who, why and how the pedestrian crashes occur. In order to answer these questions, we used a statistical analysis and the spatial mapping (Geographic Information Systems - GIS, associated with Environmental Criminology) of all pedestrian-car accident involving fatal victim, occurred in Federal District, Brazil, in 2012. The application of exploratory analysis tools of the specific and standard areas of the phenomenon allowed a characterization of the places and critical areas of the region, showing the spatial configurations and displacements, as well as to identify the area with the largest concentration of these events. Related to victims, statistical analysis of these accidents showed that 77% were male, 44% were added 30 to 50, and 57% drank alcoholic beverages (an average blood alcohol level of 2.3 g/l); Moreover, statistical analysis showed that multiple trauma was the principal cause of death of pedestrian (61%); Thursday had the highest level accidents occurrence (19%); the passenger cars were responsible for 73% of the accident; 32% of the accidents took place in the evening shift; half of the events occurred on highways; 27% of drivers were aged 30 to 40. GIS analyses demonstrated two main areas of conflict : (i) the highways, showing a characteristic of the city that has several highways with no pedestrian facilities infrastructure and with no physical means that could obstruct the passage of walkers by others ways; and (ii) Ceilândia, the most populated Federal District region – where the flow of people and vehicles is very intense. Rigorous studies have been made in these two zones and solutions are proposals to change the environment, in order to avoid these tragic events. It is believed that the main contribution of this research was to bring a new critical thinking to the treatment of the quantitative geographical 467 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Recently new Digital TachoGraph (DTG) device was mounted mandatorily in commercial vehicles (Taxi, Bus etc.). DTG device records accurate and detailed information such as velocity, RPM, Brake On/Off and accelerations of vehicle, so those data can play an important role in traffic accident investigation and reconstruction. To develope an accurate and objective method using advanced DTG data for reconstruction of traffic accident, driving test and collision test of the vehicle equipped with several advanced DTG device was carried out, and development of a new program for accident reconstruction using the data recorded in advanced DTG was also performed. From the collision test, it was found several defects concerned with reliability of advanced DTG currently sold in market, it was thought that the cause of these defects is related with durability of electronic parts and algorithm related with saving data on an advanced DTG device. BRAZIL WFF2014 information within the broader area of transportation engineering and, specifically, in dealing with traffic safety issues. Indeed, this study is part of an agreement signed with the Prosecuting Counsel of the Federal District and Territories, the public agencies that are responsible to charge competent authorities responsible for the traffic. Therefore, it is hoped that this study serves to provide more information to subsidize their decision, consequently contributing to increase in safety and quality of life in roads. By the other hand, this study helps to measure environmental (highways, roads, streets) contributions to cause pedestrian-car collisions. KEYWORDS PEDESTRIAN CRASH; ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY; TRAFFIC SAFETY P 02-19 PATTERN ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE - A NOVEL APPROACH TO ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Don Hennry Lalithsiry Welansias Jayamanne Deputy Government Analyst, Government Analyst’s Department, 31, Isuru Mawatha, Pelawatta, Sri Lanka Evidence material can be classified as biological and nonbiological materials. Biological evidence such as blood, semen, hair etc can be individualized easily with the help of DNA finger printing technology due to the bio-diversity among human beings, since the DNA patterns of individuals are unique. Non biological evidence such as paint, glass, fiber, scratch marks, impressions etc. are not the kind of evidence which can be directly used to individualize or to prove exact identity. Chemical analysis of a foreign paint sample found on a damaged motor vehicle will establish that it was a particular type of paint or whether it could be similar to the control sample of paint. In order to establish its origin and how it was transferred, more information is required. When further information is not available, investigations beyond this point might get hindered and the opinion of the scientist will just be in the realm of probability, even though high-tech instrumental methods such as GRIM, MSP, FT-IR, MS, GCMS, or SEM are used. The evidence such as paint, glass, scratches, dents, damages or impressions have their own characteristic behavior patterns within the course of transfer and leave behind their own characteristic patterns. The most important feature of 468 these natural transfer patterns and damage patterns is the impossibility of “deliberate introductions or simulations” of the objects under examination. A combination of physics, geometry, physiology, logic and extensive training coupled with a solid scientific education provides the knowledge about these patterns. The trained eyes with the help of experience and expertise are key instruments that require to form an opinion for a forensic scientist. However, whilst the observations and measurements of various types of patterns can be objective, the interpretations of patterns remain subjective and conclusions need to be very carefully considered. For the reconstruction of an accident, especially that of a complicated nature, transfer pattern analysis and damage pattern analysis are extremely useful. With the results of the proper analysis of transfer patterns of paint, generation of scratch patterns, distribution patterns of debris and damage patterns, forensic scientists are capable of establishing relative velocities of vehicles at the point of collision, directions of motion, relative positions of vehicles and much more. In routine analysis involving vehicle collisions in most of the cases, it is only a probability that can be expressed. However, with consideration of the pattern analysis factor, it can be stated that according to our own statistics, about 60% of these cases have been converted from a probability level to certainty. Predictions that we have made during examinations of patterns have been proved as accurate by known data of examples simulated in our laboratory. This presentation illustrates a number of authentic cases where pattern analysis played a vital role in crime scene reconstructions. KEYWORDS PATTERN ANALYSIS; MOTOR ACCIDENT; DAMAGE PATTERNS POSTER PRESENTATION 03 QUESTIONED DOCUMENT (QD) P 03-3 EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS ON WIDTH, GRAY SCALE AND RADIAN IN CHINESE SIGNATURES Xiaohong Chen Criminal Technology, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 S I G N AT U R E ; C O R R E L AT I O N COEFFICIENT; WIDTH, GRAY SCALE AND RADIAN KEYWORDS P 03-4 APPLYING HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPTLC) AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY IN COMBINATION WITH PAPER CHARACTERISTIC MEASURMENT TO DETECT AGING DOCUMENT Hoang Manh Hung Research, Institute of Forensic Science Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam Nowadays in Vietnam, there are a lot of cases required detecting aging document. Physical characteristics of paper determined were mass of paper (g/m2), whiteness (ISO, %), opacity (%), Bekk smoothness (second), air permeability (ml/ min) and thickness (mm). Pigments of ink and it’s remaining solvents were examinated and identified in high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) with different solvent systems. The absorption of substance was Silicagel 60 F¬¬254 made by Merck, while the intensity and area of pigment traces were evaluated with support of CAMAG instruments. The pigments and remaining ink solvents were also compared by Raman Spectroscopy (IR and Raman Nicolet 6700, NXR FT-Raman Module of Thermo Finnigun). Using the above methods and instruments, different black ballpoint inks occuring in different times on the same sheet of paper were differentiated and aging of a document was determinated. QUESTIONED DOCUMENT, PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC, PAPER; PIGMENTS, REMAINING SOLVENTS, HIGH PERFORMANCE THINLAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY KEYWORDS P 03-5 PROBLEMS WITH THE USE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PENS IN COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY IN EGYPT : A CASE STUDY Yasser Askar Forgery and Counterfeiting, Medico-Legal Institute, Assiut, Egypt In recent times we have many of crimes and issues that have been use of inks fading or disappearing or those that can be erased easily These issues impact on society in the crimes of counterfeiting, forgery or illegal and immoral crimes that could lead to murder in some cases. We show two cases used of this type of inks, the first used of the ink fading in the signing of a document has been 469 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Handwriting identification is a traditional method of forensic identification. Current detection and analysis methods are qualitative, not quantitative. In the computer science discipline, handwriting identification studies have been conducted to archive specific results. However, this method is not ready for practical application. With the development of computer technology and its integration into society, the demands for handwriting identification detection and analysis methods have increased. This study uses computer technology to extract and analyze the dynamic characteristics of data from paper signatures, such as width, gray scale and radian. In addition, this study aims to determine the laws that govern the characteristics of signature handwriting and to find a novel quantitative technology for identifying signature handwriting. 12 volunteers are invited to produce 288 original signatures, 576 imitate signatures and 144 ghostwriting signature. Every volunteer produces 2024 original signatures and 10-12 ghostwriting signatures. Choose one signature as model, every model signature has 10-12 tracing imitate signatures by one volunteer; 30-36 freehand imitate signatures by 3 volunteers. After scanning these 12 groups’ signatures into the computer, get signatures skeletons by image processing, trace signatures skeletons according to writing sequences, extract the data of width, gray scale and radian finally. Different writing speed result in dislocation between 2 signatures, In order to calculate the correlation coefficient, dynamic time warping method helps the same stroke of signatures or the same part of strokes corresponding aligned in length. The result indicate that there are obvious and stable differences between original signatures and non-original signatures (freehand imitate signatures, trace imitate signatures and ghostwriting signatures). Firstly, the range of correlation coefficient has no any intersection between original signatures and non-original signatures. Secondly, though the correlation coefficients of original signatures are not same between 12 groups, the average correlation coefficients of original signatures are much higher than non-original signatures in every group; the average correlation coefficients of ghostwriting signatures are much lower than other signatures in every group. At last, we can not tell freehand imitate and trace imitate signatures from correlation coefficient. In a word, some rules exist in width, gray scale and radian of signatures produced by the same writer. It may provide extra foundations for Chinese signature identification. WFF2014 disappearance of the signature with time. In the second case used the ink can be erased to write data in a contract and then erased to writing other data contrary to fact. Here we are trying to determine the scientific method in dealing with these documents and some of our recommendations that we need to prevent the use of these inks in the commission of crimes. formation of degradation products in the chromatogram over time during the retention period of 0-2 minutes of the HPLC run and the increase in the amount of these peaks as aging continues. However, data obtained in respect to this change in real sample documents need to be supported with surface analysis methods like LD/TOF-MS. KEYWORDS INK AGING; HPLC; CV/MV RATIO DISAPPEARING INK; COUNTERFEITING, FORGERY; ERASABLE INK KEYWORDS P 03-8 P 03-7 ARTIFICIAL AGING OF PURE INK DYE CRISTAL VIOLET AND RELATIONS WITH NATURAL INK AGING IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Salih Cengiz1, Dilek Salkim Islek1, Esra Isat1, Burak Hasim Gungor1, Huseyin Cimsit2 1 Basic Sciences, Institute of Forensic Sciences, istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Cimsit, Law Co. Barbaros Bul. 16 Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey In age determination of ink studies, changes in the resin, solvent and dye substances found in the composition of ink are examined in detail with advanced analytical methods and their changes over time are determined. In the performed studies, over the decrease in the amount of crystal violet (CV) that has changed into methyl violet (MV) and tetramethyl pararosaniline, fading of the ink color is seen to occur. Determination of this fading yields information about the age of the document. In blue colored pens, main dye substance is determined to belong to the violet family. In the study that we have performed, an ink containing this pure dye substance is prepared to examine the change of CV alone over time. CV/MV ratio–time relationship in documents written with this ink and with pens randomly selected from the market is examined. Applications were made on standard office paper with ink, 3.14% turned into methyl violet when pure and kept for 1, 2, 3, 8 and 13 hours under light intensity of 1760 lux. Samples of this document were obtained in the beginning and at the end of these time periods and were analyzed with HPLC. CV/MV ratio is evaluated by using peak areas of the obtained chromatograms. In a parallel study, inks of naturally aged documents with intervals of two years between the years 2005 and 2013 were analyzed with the same method and CV/ MV ratios were investigated. Curves of CV/MV ratio over time were plotted. From these curves it was seen that CV/MV ratio gave information on the age of the document. Another result that we have obtained in the experimental study is the 470 RESEARCH ON THE TRACKING CODES OF COMMON COLOR LASER PRINTED DOCUMENTS Nan Wang, Xu Yang Department of Criminalistics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China In recent years, laser printers are the common document production tools, in order to better adapt to the needs of non-destructive examination. This article focuses on the tracking codes of the common color laser printers on printed documents and the characteristics of the tracking codes. Investigate the value of the tracking codes in questioned document examination and file security. This article has collected a large number of color laser printed samples, which contains different brands and models of color laser printers, most of them were laser printers with 600 x 600dpi or 1200 x 1200dpi and can almost represent the current common laser printers. Printed samples were examined by microscope and multi-wavelength light source of video spectral comparator. The tracking codes are different in regularity, pattern, and lattice features among diverse brands of printers. These information reflected by the tracking codes can be used for the primary identification of different brands of laser printers and the dating of questioned document. To a certain extent, the results of this article can improve the identification efficiency, and probative the force of laser printed documents. In addition, there also exist limitations in the forensic practice, because it is unable to completely explain the meaning of the tracking codes temporarily and further study is necessary. COLOR LASER PRINTED DOCUMENTS; TRACKING CODES; QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINATION KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 03-9 IDENTIFICATION THE SEQUENCE OF LASER PRINTING AND STAMP BY THE GOLD-YELLOW MARK CHARACTERISTIC Li Jiangchun Detective Department, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, China In many criminal and civil cases in china, lots of questioned documents were formed with laser printing and stamp. An important task for forensic document examiners often focuses on examining the sequence relation of laser printing and stamp. The identification of the sequence of them made poses an important and difficult problem for forensic document examiners. In this paper, a systematic examined of the sequence of the laser printing and stamp, types of the paper, brands of the laser printer, seal and the different dating was made. The results showed that a important color mark was successfully employed to estimate the sequence of laser printing and stamp, which was associated with all factors mentioned above. Consequently, experimental results indicated that the gold-yellow mark characteristic was applicable for determining the sequence of laser printing and stamp. QUESTIONED DOCUMENT; SEQUENCE OF LASER PRINTING AND STAMP; GOLD-YELLOW MARK CHARACTERISTI KEYWORDS and traditional complex characters (popular in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). The most frequent font types are Kai, Xing and Cao calligraphy. Due to the unique structure, the Chinese character signatures have features distinctive from foreign letter signatures. Based on the practical experience of forensic expertise of questioned document examination in mainland China, the present paper introduced the common features of Chinese character signatures in structure. For example, as to font types, there are signatures in Kai, Xing and Cao calligraphy; as to structure, there are signatures in combined, abbreviated, shared forms, and some signatures written in reverse order or specially designed for the sake of security. Furthermore, through the analysis of several typical cases of forensic signature identification undertaken by our institute, the paper highlighted the features of signatures written under different conditions and forged signatures, which are common cases in the forensic expertise of Chinese character signatures, as well as the key points of examination. The paper illustrated, for instance, the examination of the elder people’s signature, which is a typical kind of changing signature, the imitated signature and the copy signatures (such as printed signatures\ stamp signatures and so on). Finally, presented some usual tricks of utilizing authentic signatures to alter the documents. KEYWORDS FORENSIC DOCUMENT EXAMINATION; CHINESE CHARACTER SIGNATURE; SIGNATURE IDENTIFICATION P 03-13 P 03-11 THE FEATURES OF CHINESE CHARACTER SIGNATURE AND ITS APPLICATION IN FORENSIC PRACTICE After thousands of years, Chinese characters have evolved from oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, Qinzhuan (the standard calligraphy in the Qin dynastry), Li calligraphy, to Kai calligraphy (regular script), Xing calligraphy (running script) and Cao calligraphy (cursive script). The Chinese characters are different in structure and writing from any other characters in the world, and a distinctive calligraphy art of Chinese characters has formed. Nowadays, the two most frequent forms of Chinese characters are simplified characters (the normative characters used in mainland China) Wang Yanling1, Xiaofeng Bai2 1 Forensic Science Department, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China; 2Document Examination, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China In recent years, several criminal cases related to women have taken place successively across the country continually. What they have in common is that all the women’s bodies are badly injured by the hard devices stabbing into their bodies to make a comic or word. In a bid to safeguard the legitimate rights of women, handwriting identification experts should not only identify the tattoos, but also the comics on human body. Here are some ways showing how the suspects harm the women. For example, the victims are usually mutilated by the sewing needle winding with cotton thread. Then, the suspects dip the ink, using the thread on the needle, and pin different 471 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Xu Yang Department of Criminalistcs, Institute of Forensic Science, ministry of Justice P.r. China, Shanghai, China THE COMIC AND HUMAN BODY TATTOO HANDWRITING EXAMINATION WFF2014 patterns or filthy words on the human skin all over the body. This kind of body tattoo owns the following characteristics : First, the pad is the soft, elastic human skin, instead of the appropriate paper which is neither too soft nor too hard. Second, the tool is the needle, not the ordinary pen. Third, the criminals tattoo pictures or words on victims’ bodies with the needles twined by inked strings, so that the victims’ skin could be dyed. Due to the change of writing tools and objects, the feature of writing motion also has changed a lot. For instance, strokes appear not to be continuous lines, but composed of a series of points. While the other writing features such as the styles of writing, the orders of strokes and the proportion are stable, collecting the suspects’ Chinese characters and comic experimental samples is the most important prerequisite for successful identifications. Under this circumstance, investigators have collected pictures with the same contents in the suspects’ room. In the mean time, the notebook containing his criminal records has been found out. Therefore, examinations mainly focus on the content, the levels of painting and the expression technique. The inspection samples and known comics both show a series of patterns which include a man’s bald, chest, abdomen, limbs and features of his arms and legs. In addition, the other pattern is a snake bending, rolling and vomiting his tongue. Compared to the suspects’ samples, there is no difference among the eyes, nose, mouth and limbs in the painting level. Especially the comics show a person whose whole body was tattooed with words and patterns, it leads to a perfect match to what the suspect has done to the three women in reality. As a result, the comics can also be seen as traces of criminal psychology of Mr. Zhou himself shown outside. KEYWORDS HUMAN BODY; TATTOO HANDWRITING; Science. In this research, Korean handwritings were analyzed by 200 Laypeoplee and 4 professionals. There were 180 questions to analyze, and these questions were divided into three sections with 60 questions each; handwriting with at least 3 sentences (Long Handwriting), handwriting with at least 3 words (Short Handwriting), and names (Names with Signatures). Three references containing identical words were given to analyze. While Long Handwritings were consisted of genuine handwriting, different handwriting, imitated handwriting, and disguised handwriting, Short Handwriting and Names with Signatures were comprised of genuine handwriting, imitated handwriting, and disguised handwriting only. Four participants were professional examiners who belonged to national organization and served in document appraisal field for at least 2 years. They did not get any information prior to the experiment. Moreover, they were not allowed any advice from other experts, and did not share or discuss about examination materials, method, and results during the experiment. A free group discussion was allowed after individual analysis. Other factors such as age or position of the examiner were not taken into account. In order to assure examiners’ attitude towards the experiment, half of laypeople were given incentives for accuracy of the analysis, while other half was not informed about it. The two groups showed a trivial misleading difference. However, the misleading difference between professional examiners and laypeople was significant. This research represents much to being the first step toward Korean handwriting analysis and statistical experiment. KEYWORDS HANDWRITING; STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT; LAYPEOPLE COMIC IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 03-16 P 03-14 RESEARCH ON KOREAN HANDWRITING ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT BETWEEN LAYPEOPLE AND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINERS Tae-Yi Kang Digtial Technology & Biometry Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju-Si, Korea (South) Unlike printed letters, handwritten letters can vary depending on the environment, which makes it difficult to analyze scientifically. Not only an individual’s natural handwriting, but also attempts to hide one’s own handwriting, and to imitate others’ handwriting are the main targets in Forensic 472 FORENSIC CLASSIFICATION OF BLACK GEL INKS USING OPTICAL AND SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES Yiwen Luo, Che Xu, Qiran Sun Criminalistics, Institue of Forensic Science, Ministy of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China Black gel ink pens are the most popular writing instrument in China. Questioned document examiners often attempt to discriminate black gel inks from each other. This study differentiates black gel inks using optical and spectral techniques. The techniques include Video Spectral Comparator and Raman spectroscopy, which are both nondestructive. The Video Spectral Comparator is equipped with WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 lights of visible and near infrared reflectance, near infrared luminescence and UV reflection. The Raman spectroscopy using four wavelength sources of 325 nm, 514 nm, 633 nm and 785 nm. 50 black gel pen inks, of different brands and models representative of gel pen available on the Chinese market, were collected. The discrimination power of Video Spectral Comparator is 81.3%. The Raman spectroscopy with wavelength 325 nm, 514 nm, 633 nm and 785 nm show the discrimination power of 70.2%, 71.1%, 70.8% and 77.6% respectively. The combination of both techniques gives the result of 94.7%. 18 black gel ink pens show the Raman peaks of amorphous carbon only and can not be discriminated by any laser wavelength, and 3 of them generate 2 kinds of near infrared reflectance while other 15 have no reflection or luminescence characters. These black gel inks containing carbon as main pigment are difficult to differentiate for the reason of little optical characters and Raman shifts dominating by carbon. The similarity of the ink formula for this kind of ink may be the other origin. In addition, ink entries of different times during the last two years are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy as well and the stable variations can not be concluded from these data. Some researchers thought results of Raman spectrum could be used for ink dating, but our date do not support that point of view. KEYWORDS BLACK GEL INKS; VIDEO SPECTRAL COMPARATOR; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY P 03-17 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE INDIVIDUALITIES OF MONOCHROMIC LASER PRINTERS BASED ON BANDING FEATURES Banding artifacts, which caused by photosensitive drum velocity variation or its resultant scanline spacing variation, are often perceived in outputs of laser printers as periodic light and dark bands perpendicular to the print direction. Gear transmission errors have been proved to be the main sources of this kind of output density fluctuations, which were addressed as class features for forensic classification of laser printers in some researches, and frequency analysis has been used to measure the frequencies of halftone bandings. Based on the same theory and method, fifty devices of two models of HP laser printer, with several different photoreceptor KEYWORDS INDIVIDUALITY OF LASER PRINTER; BANDING ARTIFACT; FREQUENCY ANALYSIS P 03-20 DISCRIMINATION OF BLACK TONERS USING FT-IR COMBINED WITH CHEMOMETRICS Qinghua Zhang, Xu Yang, Qiran Sun, Yiwen Luo, Yachen Wang, Che Xu Criminalisitics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Prc, Shanghai, China In many criminal and civil cases, the most commonly questioned documents are printed with black and white laser printer (BWLP) or color laser printer (CLP). An important task in forensic science is the discrimination of the black toners from BWLP to CLP. In our study, thirty one samples of ten different types of BWLP and CLP from Chinese market were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). After baseline subtraction and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation, twenty five spectra of black toners were randomly selected and analyzed by the principal component analysis (PCA) coupled with Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The samples were classified into two groups with the first three principal components which explained approximately 63.5% of total variation of the spectral data. Furthermore, the relationship among these samples was shown in the HCA dendgram calculated with the PCA scores. The results showed that the black toners from BWLP and CLP were discriminated effectively both in PCA and HCA model. In additional, the rest six samples (S1, S5, S15, 473 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Ning Liu1, George Chiu2 , Chuntao Chen1, Daozhong Lv1 1 Department of Forensic Science, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, China; 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States drums, were sampled and investigated. And the bandings in both printed halftone images and black texts were analyzed with signal power spectrum. The objective of this study was to prove the possibility of discriminating documents printed by different laser printers of same type by the means of banding analysis. Three ways were used to optimize the signal extraction, including scanning in reflective mode for halftone images, scanning in film mode and microscopic imaging with transmitted light for black texts. It was shown in this study, when a set of specific banding frequency components characterized the class signature of a laser printer, the relative intensity of the banding signals consistently exhibited its individuality, which was reflected by the various amplitudes of the frequency components. Banding artifact can be a promising feature for eliminating the suspect printer/printers if the notable differences in relative intensity of banding signals are detected. WFF2014 S18, S25 and S29) were projected closely to the BWLP and CLP cluster centers respectively. It was demonstrated that the chemommatric method was an effective tool for the rapid discrimination of black toner from BWLP and CLP in forensic science. KEYWORDS TONER; IR; CHEMOMETRICS P 03-21 WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE COMPONENT ANALYSIS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Masaru Fujiwara1, Wei Qi1, Yo Suzuki1, Satsuki Hosono1, Pradeep.k.w. Abeygunawardhana1, Satoru Suzuki1, Shigeru Sugawara3 , Akira Nishiyama2 , Kenji Wada2 , Ichirou Ishimaru1 1 Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; 2 Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan; 3 Fourth Department of Forensic Science, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwa, Japan We are aiming at the realization of on-site identifications for residual micro-substances at crime scenes as forensics examinations. We proposed the extremely compact and widefield spectroscopic imaging in mid-infrared wavelength region that is called the imaging-type 2-dimensional fourierspectroscopic imaging. In this presentation, we will mention some feasibility studies about forensics examinations. The taking fingerprints on a board, the ink identification on A4 papers, the liquid recognition in bottles and packaged materials such as frozen-food packs are discussed. The proposed imaging-type 2-dimensional fourier spectroscopic imaging is a kind of near-common-path phase-shift interferometer. Because the robustness against mechanical vibrations is very strong, we can construct the simple optical-configuration without anti-vibration mechanisms. Thus, the camera-type spectroscopic imager will be available for unconstructed environments such as crime scenes. Because the portable apparatus whose length is 50mm on a side and weight is around 200g will be able to be commercially available products, the on-site identification of residual micro-substances will be realized. And because of the wide-field spectroscopic imaging, spectral characteristics distributions on A4 papers or more can be obtained within several ten seconds. The features of mid-infrared lights (wavelength : 8µm14µm) spectroscopy are the high absorbance of materials and the high identification ability of material components from spectral absorbance. 474 In the case of taking fingerprints, the micro-substances could be visualized by high absorbance. And we could recognize component differences of amino acids and lipids from spectral characteristics. From the individual features of these components, the personal identification from spectroscopic fingerprints-imaging will be realized. For the ink identification on A4 papers, character strings were printed by laser printers and ink-jet printers. We could recognize the differences between two kinds of ink by infrared spectroscopic-absorbance. The ink-discrimination technology will be applied to the extraction of original characters from filled characters. And for packaged materials of frozen foods, the near infrared light (wavelength : 1µm-2µm) could penetrate packages. We could recognize waters inside of silver papers from spectral absorbance at the wavelength of 1450nm. We will detect agricultural chemicals inside of frozen-food packages. Furthermore, we could evaluate the amount of alcohol and glucose quantitatively, those are main components of alcoholic beverage, in bottles at the wavelength 1200nm and 1600nm. These technologies will work effectively as defenses against food terrorisms. The commercially available product that has been developed with the private company will be supplied as cost-effective devices around several thousand USD and palm-size portable apparatus. But for the conventional mid-infrared spectroscopic imager that is called FTIR, the cost is more than million USD. And the weight is over 40kg. Because FTIR is based on Michelson interferometer, the robustness against mechanical vibration is very weak, the anti-vibration mechanism is inevitable. Because the proposed method is the near-common-path interferometer, the robustness against mechanical vibration is strong. In this presentation, we will explain the principle of our proposed method and the feasibility studies about forensics examinations. KEYWORDS MID-INFRARED; INK IDENTIFICATION; FOOD TERRORISUM P 03-26 UNDERSTANDING (COMPUTER) QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ON HANDWRITING IDENTIFICATION CORRECTLY Xiaofeng Bai Document Examination, China Criminal Police College, Shenyang, China WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 means. There is no use of investing money, manpower and energy into the objective facts accepted by all of us. Sometimes, digitizing computer quantification simply aiming digitization has no practical significance. KEYWORDS H A N D W R I T I N G I D E N T I F I C AT I O N ; Q U A N T I TAT I V E R E S E A R C H ; C O M P U T E R TECHONOLOGY P 03-27 APPLICATION OF SPECTRAL IMAGING AND RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT EXAMINATION IN THE FORENSIC STUDY OF QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS INVOLVING CHANGED HANDWRITING WRITTEN BY BLACK CARBONACEOUS GEL INK Wei Han, Jiantong Huang, Yusheng Zhang Institute of Forensic Science, People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing, China Using changed handwriting written by black carbonaceous gel ink to perpetrate forgery and alteration of documents are becoming increasingly more sophisticated in China. Forensic examinations of questioned documents routinely involve physical and chemical analysis of inks. This work provides a non-destructive, convenient and effective testing method to identify the added or altered handwriting by black carbonaceous gel ink. The inspection process is conducted by spectral imaging and resistance measurement examination. we prepared 30 kinds of black carbonaceous gel ink that two different inks make a pair, and 435 pairs totally to identify. The results demonstrate 37. 87% samples can be discriminated by spectral imaging technology, 46.96% of samples can be discriminated by resistance measurement examination, two methods united can discriminate 57.57% samples. Uniting the two methods of spectral imaging and resistance measurement examination can broaden the technique of carbonaceous ink examination.With the advantages of the convenient preparation of samples, easy and fast operation of instrument measurement, it provides the abilities for detection and identification of the changed handwriting by black carbonaceous gel ink. KEYWORDS N O N - D E S T R U C T I V E ; C H A N G E D HANDWRITING; BLACK GEL INK 475 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Majority of the Chinese scholars in the field of criminal technology study believe that quantitative researches on the examination of handwriting through computer technique is the general orientation which will eventually achieve the goal of recognizing handwriting automatically. In recent years, some scholars have carried out researches on computer measurement and quantification of handwriting characteristics, claiming that they have got gratifying results. However, as far as I know, none of these socalled achievements has been applied in the work of handwriting identification. Considering the two aspects of the development of the computer technology and the complexity of handwriting examination subject, I hold the opinion that it is not appropriate to study computer quantitative and automatic recognition of handwriting identification at present. Nevertheless, the crucial researches basing on which studies about computer handwriting automatic identification can be scientifically carried out should focus on handwriting information extraction technology, the handwriting characteristic disciplinarian, examination of surveying and other Fundamental aspects. 1.The limitation of computer technology development. The development of computer technology has made astonishing speed; however, it’s far away from artificial intelligence. Computers cannot accomplish the job which is beyond human thinking ability can be completed, even though computers could finish the human thinking activity instead of humans. Taking the situations of different opinions or no conclusion of identification into account, it is impossible to expect the computer to finish this work independently. 2.The limitation of handwriting examination development. Firstly, the fundamental subjects such as handwriting survey have not been established. No matter the macroscopic or microcosmic view of handwriting science, quantification of it must base on survey including tools and methods the most basic work that has not been accomplished. Secondly, many basic researches concerning handwriting examination have not been finished. The value of a handwriting character, as we all know, based on its occurrence rate the results and data of which is the premise of Handwriting identification of computer quantization. Thirdly, many handwriting phenomenon, such as the difference between the elderly signature and signature imitation, an elderly signature imitated from another elderly people and etc. has not been completely understood. Designing a computer survey system which can solve the problems still confusing professionals is out of the question. 3.The basic principle of computer technology application. Computers can help people simplify problems but the complication of a simple issue should be avoided by all WFF2014 P 03-28 APPLICATION OF ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSOPY (ATR-FTIR) FOR THE SIMPLE IDENTIFICATION OF COUTERFEIT VIAGRA® AND CIALIS® TABLETS Kown-Chul Noh2 , Yun-Sik Nam1, Kang-Bong Lee1 1 Advance Analysis Center, Korea Institute Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (South) Many analytical methods can be used to identify counterfeited drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction; however, most of the methods require complicated instrumentation, sample pretreatment, use of statistical methods, and/or professional staff to conduct the analysis. Thus, a simple and efficient preliminary screening method that can be used for this purpose is necessary. We evaluate the application of Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR) for preliminary examinations of suspicious Viagra ® and Cialis ® tablets by analyzing their surface coating materials. The coating materials used for counterfeit products are unlikely to be the same as those used for authentic ones, since the surface of an authentic tablet is usually coated with its own unique polymer material. Spectral differences between the authentic and counterfeit tablets are easily recognized, allowing for the identification of counterfeits on the basis of IR peak patterns. KEYWORDS specialty and generality. The understanding towards the generality of handwriting is the key link of the verification of handwriting, directly affects the appraisal conclusion is correct or not. Such handwritings of this group of people are more likely to show high similarities by the environmental and congenital genetic factors. This experiment enrolled 86 families to take part in the handwriting experimental samples statistics, through the analysis of the general view of handwriting, written styles, wrongly written characters, characters proportion, stroke orders, and writing movements, aiming to provide a new test theory and the practice basis of handwritings by quantitatively analyzing first-degree samesex relatives in different handwriting features and degree of similarities. And the results shows that the average similarity judgment rate of handwriting appearance is 79.5%; the average similarity judgment rate of writing style is 15.4%; the average similarity judgment rate of wrongly written characters is 19.8%; the average similarity judgment rate of arrangement is 75.0%; the average similarity judgment rate of Strokes feature is 33.3%; the average similarity judgment rate of writing movement’s features is 65.1%.The results shows that these handwritings of this group of people are more likely to show high similarities, and the the average similarity judgment rate of handwriting appearance, arrangement, writing movement’s features is much more higer than the other characteristics. KEYWORDS FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES OF SAME GENDER; HANDWRITING FEATURES; COLLECTIVE STATISTICS EXPERIMENT FORENSIC SCIENCE; COUNTERFEIT; VIAGRA P 03-30 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 03-29 THE STATISTICAL STUDIES OF THE COLLECTIVE EXPERIMENT ON HANDWRITINGS OF SAME GENDER RELATIVES Peng Xie, Jing Qin China Questioned Document Examinations, National Police University of China, Shenyang, China Relatives of the same gender include fathers and sons, mothers and daughters, brothers and sisters and relatives of the relationship between our compatriots. Each person’s handwriting contains both particularity and generality, even if people’s handwriting is overall special, but still existing generality to some extent; the verification of handwriting process is to analyze comprehensively on the aspect of 476 FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF VERMILLION WRITINGS: A CASE REPORT Meenakshi Mahajan 1 Home, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Northern Range, Dharamshala, India; 2Education, Govt. College, Sanjouli, Shimla, India; 3Home, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Shimla Hills, Junga, India Vermillion (Sindoor) find wide use in Indian society and has been in vogue for centuries. Vermillion is described as one of the sixteen adornments amongst Hindu women and is considered extremely auspicious thereby making its availability in every house. In a case of hanging, crude writings in red colour on a looking glass (affixed on the door plank of steel almirah) were found in the room of the deceased. On search, the police could recover number of WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 vials of liquid vermillion from the room of the deceased and sent them to the forensic lab in order to compare with the writings on the looking glass, and to ascertain authorship of the writings. The writings on the looking glass were got photographed, the variations due to substrate and writing instrument were taken into account and authorship could be fixed with the principals of writing identification. The technique of thin layer chromatography as well as X-ray fluorescence spectrum was used for analysis of writing on the looking glass and for vermillion-vial, and the tests established use of one of the vermillion vial in making writings. KEYWORDS VERMILLION; XRF; TLC P 03-31 INDIVIDUALITY OF ADOLESCENT HANDWRITING THAT APPEAR TO BE SIMILAR Chiew Yung Yang, Chin-Chin Lim Forensic Science, The Forensic Experts Group, Singapore A D O L E S C E N C E ; I N D I V I D U A L I T Y; HANDWRITING KEYWORDS USE OF GRAPHOLOGY İN VARIOUS PROFESSİONS WİTH THE INCLUSION OF FORENSIC SCIENCES AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTİSE Filiz Ekim Cevik, Huseyin Cakan, Murat Ogdur Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Law Enforcement Agency is a General Directorate establishment being branched out extensively and independently and rendering service in many fields from intelligence to public order and from security to criminal. Personnel selections in different units branched and nonbranched of this organization have been performed after the course including two-stage; written exam and an interview as indicated in Security Services Class Branch Regulations. In principle, the exams for all selections do not vary. It is possible to analyze character by graphology (handwriting analysis method) which is often referenced in many private companies and intelligence agencies in Europe and USA. We consider graphology as an important method in both policing selections and vocational branchings to determine the intelligence structure, tendencies in tempers and character (patient, pessimistic, antisocial etc.) of a person and to learn in which unit he/she can be successful according to his/her handwriting. Policing is a profession that requires seriousness and responsibility. The Police officers must have a steady character as well as knowledge, intelligence and abilities. However, any character analysis is not performed in exams held in branchings in the organization in policing selections apart from medical reports. However, if we consider that we can understand the character and psychological portrait of a person by analyzing his/her handwriting, the information obtained by the help of handwriting analysis of character will be valuable. Therefore, we believe that a new point of view will develop in regard to the applicability of Graphology science. GRAPHOLOGY; FORENSIC SCIENCE; LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTİSE KEYWORDS P 03-34 TOF-SIMS IMAGING AND DEPTH PROFILING OF PEN INKS, RED SEALING INKS, AND LASER TONERS ON QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS Jihye Lee, Seon Hee Kim, Kang-Bong Lee, Yeonhee Lee 477 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) According to literature, adolescence is the period when numerous and pronounced changes usually occur in the handwriting of the average writer before it matures and becomes stabilised in adulthood. As children are typically first taught to write using copybooks, they develop certain class characteristics in their handwriting. As they grow older, their handwriting styles and characteristics are likely to continue to develop and become more individualistic. An important question would be : Would the handwriting of adolescents that are pictorially very similar and assumed to contain mainly class characteristics contain sufficient individuality to enable them to be distinguishable from one another? To investigate this, samples of handwriting in English were collected from adolescents and inspected visually. The majority of the samples were found to be small, neat, non-cursive writing comprising discrete letters (i.e. handprinting) and from these, samples which were found to display many similarities in general appearance were selected for further detailed examination. The results show that despite the handwriting samples being very similar pictorially, sufficient individual characteristics were present in the writing to enable each sample to be differentiated from the others. P 03-32 WFF2014 Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea (South) TOF-SIMS is well established surface technique that provides both elemental and organic information from several monolayers of a sample surface while also allowing depth profiling or image mapping to be carried out. The static TOF-SIMS with improved performances has expanded the application of TOF-SIMS to the study of a variety of organic, polymeric, and biological, archaeological and forensic materials. In forensic investigation, use of a minimized sample for the analysis is essential. Although the TOFSIMS technique is destructive, the probing beams are small so that it is only necessary to probe a small portion of the questioned document, leaving the rest available for different analyses. In the present paper, TOF-SIMS was applied to the analysis of several different pen inks, red sealing inks, and printed patterns on paper. The overlapped area of ballpoint pen writing, red sealing stamping, and laser printing in a document was investigated in order to identify the sequence of recording. The sequence relations for various cases were studied from TOF-SIMS mapping image and depth profile. TOF-SIMS was successfully used to determine the sequence of intersecting lines on paper. KEYWORDS TOF-SIMS; SEQUENCE; INKS tree of this set of documents as a sample of the Brazilian Forensic Documents Examination field. The keywords of each paper varied between 3 and 10 per record, with 4 keywords as middle value and 5 words as modal value. The total number of records was 180, distributed in 123 distinct keywords, which the frequency varying between 1 and 12. We identified 4 main topics of interest to the forensic experts (Graphonomy, Ink, Security Documents, and Exams). We observed that few keywords had frequencies of occurrence greater than 1. The most cited keywords were Handwriting Examination (12), Document Examination (8), Handwriting Identification (6), Video Spectral Comparator (6), Graphoscopy (5), Handwriting (5), Questioned Documents (4), Ballpoint Pens (4), Criminal Expert (3), Spectrometry (3), Class Characteristics (2), Document Analysis (2), Chemometry (2), CrossingStrokes (2), Fluorescence (2), Blind Tests (2), Parkinson´s Disease (2), Probability Scales (2), Security Document (2), Simulation (2), Questioned Document Examination (2), Law (2). The set of these 22 keywords corresponds to 44.4% of records. 100 keywords were mentioned only once. The high frequency of graduate papers related with graphonomy reflects the scientific interest of the experts’ in discuss and improves its concepts, rules, protocols, and standards. On the other hand, the interest shown in new technologies and equipment indicates a common trend in the Forensic Sciences. The wide variety of keywords and the low average citation of most papers reflect the extent and scope of the Documents Examination. P 03-35 THE BRAZILIAN DOCUMENTS EXAMINATION KNOWLEDGE TREE BASED ON THE GRADUATE PAPER OF THE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY - 2012 AND 2014 INFORMATION THEORY; DOCUMENT EXAMINATION; BRAZILIAN FEDERAL POLICE KEYWORDS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 03-36 Guilherme Henrique Braga De Miranda, Gilson Matilde Diana National Police Academy, Federal Police Department, Brasília, Brazil The College School of the National Police Academy from Brazilian Federal Police offers post-graduate courses in document examination to criminal experts since 2010. As a result, it is mandatory that each student presents a monograph as a graduate paper. The aim of this study is to analyze the keywords of these papers, reflecting the experience and understanding of the document examination experts, mainly the ones from Brazilian Federal Police (90% of the course attendants). We analyzed 21 monographs produced in 2012 and 20 monographs produced in 2014, according to its subject and keywords. We formulated a knowledge 478 NONAQUEOUS CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS FOR HIGH SENSITIVE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DYES IN HANDWRITING INKS Seung-Hoon Bahng1, Tae-Myung Sung1, Moonhee Park3 , Hyunho Lee2 , Seong Ho Kang2 1 IDFS, CIC, Seoul, Korea, Korea (South); 2Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Kihung, Korea, Korea (South); 3 Graduate School, Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Kihung, Korea (South) A novel nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) method was developed for high sensitive detection of various synthetic organic dyes in writing ink (i.e., crystal violet, methyl violet B, methyl violet B base, rhodamin 6G, and rhodamin B base) using a laser-induced fluorescence WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 (LIF) detector. Elution behaviors of the dyes in a fusedsilica capillary (75m I.D. x 365m O.D.) were observed in various organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetonitrile. The NACE separation optimum condition was 20 mM sodium borate and 870 mM acetic acid in dimethylformamide solvent under the electric fields of 400 V/cm. The dyes were detected within 13 min with excellent baseline separations (resolution ≥2.041). The limits of detection (crystal violet, methyl violet B, methyl violet B base, rhodamin 6G, and rhodamin B base) were 3.40 x 10-11 M, 2.94 x 10-10 M, 4.33 x 10-10 M, 1.11 x 10-14 M, and 4.20 x 10-16 M, respectively. Enhanced detection sensitivity of the NACE-LIF method should contribute to the high sensitive detection on a trace analysis of synthetic dyes and forensic ink analysis in a document. KEYWORDS NONAQUEOUS CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; HANDWRITING INKS; SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DYES P 03-38 COMPUTER MEASUREMENT TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS OF HANDWRITING AND SIGNATURES -GLOBALGRAF II PROGRAMME PACKAGE Mieczysaw Goc1, Tadeusz Tomaszewski2 , Marek Miron1, Andrzej Łuszczuk1, Krystyn Łuszczuk1 1 Dokument Examination Unit, Polish Forensic Association, Poland; 2Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Warsaw, Poland KEYWORDS HANDWRITING ANALYSES; SIGNATURES; GLOBALGRAF P 03-39 TYPES OF FORGERIES ON VISAS Sunil Ariya Batakandage Government Examiner of Questioned Documents, Government Analyst’s Department, Pelawatta, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka Illegal migration has long been a problem in Sri Lanka, especially within the last two decades. Immigrants who are unable to migrate legally use different techniques to reach their destination. Most of them use counterfeit or fabricated travel documents to cheat the officers at the port of entry. The role of the visa is to permit or authorize immigrants to travel to a country of which the traveler is not a national. It also identifies the person’s eligibility to stay in the destination country. Since the visa is such an important document visas 479 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Handwriting identification, including legible and illegible signatures, can be effectively supported with dedicated computer programmes (e.g. GLOBALGRAF I computer package developed by experts in Poland). The current poster contains information on additional computer programmes which utilize the elements of graphometry and scangraphy in handwriting examination under the name GLOBALGRAF II with the following features : LINIOGRAF – designed for examination of specimen conformity with application of graphical line measurement and use of the so-called handwriting density coefficient to reflect a specific, individual character of the relation between the real length of line to its width. The programme automatically measures the width of graphical set and calculates density coefficient; it also enables a statistical evaluation of conformity basing on rank correlation; CENTROGRAF – designed for examination of specimen conformity through the comparison of the so-called central lines. Central line is a new handwriting analysis parameter, which seems to be of high individuality and stability. The programme designates central line through linking the points of quadrangle diagonal crossing, described on graphical elements of analyzed entries (letters, numbers, syllables, digraphs). The programme allows for determining the length of the entire central line, line-forming segments, measurement of angles and analysis of statistical relations (rank correlation). BARWOSKAN – designed for colormetric analysis of inks. The programme is to analyse pixel by pixel, the fragment of bitmap (entry) according to RGB model. It can be also used for a parameter-based analysis of shading system. In addition, some study is underway for the application of BARWOSKAN for examination of “aging” process of inks and other covering agents. PROFILOSKAN – programme for analysis of pressure of writing instrument applied alongside the measurement line. The programme is designed for the analysis of dye saturation (according to RGB model) of inks in crossing points (selected by expert) between horizontal scanning lines and graphical line of examined specimen. The result of scanning is presented in a plot of dye distribution along scanning line, the so-called profilogram. The proposed methods of computer-aided handwriting analysis, including ink examination, apart from stricte technical advantages, shall have a pivotal influence on standardizing and objectivity of handwriting identification. WFF2014 are constantly improved with more sophisticated security features that are harder to reproduce. These include modern security printing techniques (intaglio, off-set, letterpress etc.), kinegrams and holograms, security papers, different types of inks and newly introduced hidden features. The cases received from the courts of law and other institutions by the Laboratory of the Government Examiner of Questioned Documents (EQD), Sri Lanka were examined using Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) and the microscopes under different light conditions as a technique reveal different types of visa forgeries. On counterfeit visas, it could mostly be observed embossing in order to give the raised effect of the intaglio printing. Since the security papers were not available in the local market the watermarks and security fibers had been printed on the documents. The highly secure areas of the visa such as kinegram and latent image cannot be reproduced easily. Hence they had been taken from the genuinely issued documents and pasted on the counterfeit visas. In certain occasion visas with all introduced security features were found. Examination under different light techniques revealed that the personal details have been erased chemically and reprinted adding the forger’s details. The authorities spend a lot of money in order to enhance security features intending to prevent illegal migration. Although illegal migrants are continuously trying to use different methodologies to simulate them, forensic scientists play a vital major role in identifying the forged travel documents. VISA FORGERIES; QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS; TRAVEL DOCUMENTS KEYWORDS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) POSTER PRESENTATION 04 OTHERS P 04-1 SUICIDE BY SUMERSION TIED TO A BICYCLE Khalid Jaber Ministry of Health, Directorate of Forensic Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia This is an unusal case of a middle aged Irish male who has been working as a secuirty guard. A report of a floating, reflective, waist coast spotted by pedestrians along the Grand Canal in Dublin. When the scene was attended to the presence in the water of a human body was strongly suspected. A 480 marine police unit was charged with the underwater search. A comprhensive photography was taken of the underwater immersion finding, A fully clothed middle aged male was seen tied to the bicuyycle by a wrist sealing / tying firm plastic band. the body was recovered and a complete forensic post mortem examination was conducted. The scene photos and some of the autopsy findings will be presented. A CCTV review of the scene showed the arrival of the deceased with bicycle and his approach to the edge of the canal befoe diving in. This is unusal form of completing suicide and the medical literature is reviewed and presented in theis poster presentation. Consideration for hoimicidal death in the absence of a supporting CCTV will be discussed. KEYWORDS SUICIDE; WATER; BICYCLE P 04-2 THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIME LABORATORY DIRECTORS “TO PROMOTE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIME LABORATORY LEADERS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD BY FACILITATING COMMUNICATION AMONG MEMBERS, SHARING CRITICAL INFORMATION, PROVIDING RELEVANT TRAINING, PROMOTING CRIME LABORATORY ACCREDITATION, AND ENCOURAGING SCIENTIFIC AND MANAGERIAL EXCELLENCE IN THE GLOBAL FORENSIC COMMUNITY.” Brady Mills, Jody Wolf American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors, Austin TX, United States Established in 1973, the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD) is a professional association of crime laboratory leaders whose mission is, “To promote the effectiveness of crime laboratory leaders throughout the world by facilitating communication among members, sharing critical information, providing relevant training, promoting crime laboratory accreditation, and encouraging scientific and managerial excellence in the global forensic community.” ASCLD currently has more than 600 members from all over the world that represent local, state, federal, private, academic, and international crime labs. ASCLD has the following member committees to execute its mission : Symposium Planning, Advocacy, Communications, Ethics and Bylaws, Training and Education, Finance, WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Membership, Nominating and Awards, Forensic Research, and International Committees. In the past year, ASCLD delivered more than 4, 140 hours in training focused on crime laboratory management in the inaugural ASCLD Leadership Academy and the ASCLD webinar series titled Confronting Crime Laboratory Backlogs : Causes, Solution, Expectations. Topics focused on supervising in a highly technical field, backlog reduction, and business process improvements in a crime lab. ASCLD also published more than 50 editions of the Crime Lab Minute, a weekly newsletter, and two editions of the Executive Education Digest for crime lab directors. Additionally, ASCLD hosted its annual symposium in Scottsdale, Arizona where more than 400 professionals attended 11 workshops and 3 days of plenary sessions in which the following topics were presented : current trends in forensic science, technology updates, report writing, and building a quality culture in the forensic laboratory. In addition, ASCLD awarded two scholarships to college students studying forensic science and who demonstrate academic success, a commitment to a career in forensic science, and a personal statement. Finally, ASCLD is focused on continuing to execute its mission by hosting additional training webinars and the ASCLD Leadership Academy in 2014-2015, continued publications of the Crime Lab Minute and Executive Education Digest, and the 2015 symposium in Washington, DC. ASCLD is also focused on evaluating a model program for the utilization of Rapid DNA technology in a crime laboratory and interfacing with the federal Organization of Scientific Area Committees and the National Commission on Forensic Science. KEYWORDS ASCLD; CRIME LAB; LEADERSHIP THE INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Alastair Ross SMANZFL, Australia The International Forensic Strategic Alliance (IFSA) is a partnership between the Regional Networks of Operational Forensic Laboratories including: The American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD); The European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI); P 04-4 INTERNATIONAL FORENSIC STRATEGIC ALLIANCE (IFSA) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENTS Brady Mills, Jody Wolf ASCLD, USA The quality of forensic services provided at the field as well as in the laboratory is very important to ensure reliable reports are produced and used by the criminal justice system. Around the world, there are many international or forensic standards leading to accreditation, such as the ISO/IEC 17025, the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board (ASCLD/LAB), and the National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia (NATA). IFSA recognises the importance of accreditation of forensic laboratories to provide quality and standardised results, be it procedures done at the field or in the laboratory. To assist emerging forensic laboratories in developing countries to achieve this, IFSA has developed the minimum requirements documents as a first step towards building a quality forensic laboratory. Forensic laboratories should build on this foundation and strive to continually improve the quality of 481 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) P 04-3 The Senior Managers of Australian and New Zealand Forensic Laboratories (SMANZFL); The Academia Iberoamericana de Criminalistica y Estudios Forenses (AICEF). The Asian Forensic Sciences Network (AFSN); and The Southern Africa Regional Forensic Science Network (SARFS). These autonomous networks represent forensic science management for their specific regions. They have similar roles, functions and objectives and recognise the value to be gained through long-term collaboration and cooperation on strategic issues related to the management and promotion of forensic science. IFSA works closely with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and INTERPOL who are important strategic partners. The vision of IFSA is “To create opportunities for strategic collaboration across the global forensic science community”. IFSA is maturing as a global organisation and has identified key strategic priorities. These include a tiered approach to the development of minimum requirements for a range of forensic science disciplines for developing countries and a focus on emerging technologies, forensic science service models and tracking of key R&D activities within the Networks. WFF2014 services. The content of the minimum requirements document will cover the following areas: 1. Competence of Personnel 2. Equipment and Consumables 3. Collection; Analysis; Interpretation; Reporting 4. Procedures; Protocols; Validation 5. Quality Management to differentiate a bear paw from a human hand, because these are similar in overall size and shape. The forensic scientists are sometimes being challenged to identify partial remains in cases where skin and /or claws are absent. The authors are presenting four forensic identification methods : anatomical, radiological, serological and genetic. The authors are presenting specific anatomical and radiological characters that can be used to differentiate between bear paws and human hands. Also, serological methods (reaction with anti - human serum) and genetic tests (comparing human DNA with the bear DNA) are reviewed. Finally, the results of the forensic examination in this specific case are being presented. The forensic exam concluded that it was a bear’s paw, and this finding concurred with the police investigation findings which revealed that the bear’s paw was picked up by a stray dog from the dumpster of a nearby hunter’s restaurant, dragged, and then abandoned in front of that gate. KEYWORDS BEAR PAW; HUMAN HAND; FORENSIC DIFFERENTIATION POSTER PRESENTATION 05 FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY (AP) P 05-4 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) BEAR PAW OR HUMAN HAND? FORENSIC METHODS OF DIFFERENTIATION Bogdan Malinescu1, Mariana Rosu2 , Constantin Vlagioiu3 , Iuliana Piciorus4 , Victorita Stefanescu5 1 Head of the Institution, Ilfov Medico-Legal Service, Bucharest, Romania; 2Department of Antropology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 3 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania; 4Department of Radiology, National Institute of Legal Medicine “Mina Minovici”, Bucharest, Romania; 5Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Dunarea De Jos” University, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Galati, Romania Forensic scientists are often asked to identify unearthed bones found near human activity areas such as new constructions, excavation sites, etc. In the case presented by the authors the unidentified remains (animal paw or human hand) were found on the sidewalk in front of the gate of a house located in a small town in Romania. Based on this case presentation the authors review an update of various forensic methods used 482 P 05-5 A TEST OF THE FORDISC SOFTWARE ON MODERN KOREAN MANDIBLES Helen Cho1, Kyung-Seok Hu2 , Hee-Jin Kim2 1 Department of Anthropology, Davidson College, Davidson, Nc, United States; 2Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (South) Sex estimation of unknown human skeletal remains is a standard part of forensic osteological analyses. In the US, forensic anthropologists often employ FORDISC, a userfriendly discriminant function analysis software designed to assist in the estimation of sex and ancestry. The reference groups used to create the program are based on the Forensic Data Bank (FDB) at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville that includes the following populations : American black males and females, American Indian males and females, American white males and females, Chinese males, Guatemalan males, Hispanic males, Japanese males and females, and Vietnamese males. Due to the wide spectrum of human biological variation, the methodologies developed from these 12 reference groups may not necessarily apply to other populations. However, due to biological and cultural affinity among East Asian populations, FORDISC discriminant functions may be applicable to modern Koreans. We tested FORDISC 3.0 on a collection of 54 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 modern South Korean mandibles at the Yonsei University College of Dentistry for which sex and age are documented. Ten mandibular measurements as specified in the standard osteological data collection procedure were entered into the FORDISC program. Japanese male and female reference groups, the closest affinity group to our study sample, were selected for sex classification. FORDISC correctly classified the sex in 37 individuals (68.5%). Two individuals could not be classified into either sex due to measurements that were too dissimilar to the comparison groups : one individual had extreme alveolar resorption from antemortem tooth loss, and another individual had a very robust mandible with no obvious pathologies. Three males were misclassified as females and 12 females misclassified as males. Korean mandibles in both sexes can be characterized as robust, despite antemortem tooth loss and alveolar resorption in many of the misclassified cases in the study sample. There exist morphological differences in the mandible with Chinese, Japanese, and various other population groups that FORDISC cannot correctly classify sex in many cases. The software should be tested on a larger Korean sample, and the FDB should continue to diversify the reference groups represented in the database and urge anthropologists to contribute osteological data from documented cases. KEYWORDS MANDIBLE; FORDISC; KOREA P 05-6 MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE SKULLS BY MOIRÉ CONTOUROGRAPHY Although all biological profile is important for identifying the victim, estimation for sex is believed to be the most important. The non-metric analysis of the skulls is very useful for estimating sex, however, the accuracy tends to depend on the amount of experiences of the observers, and so interobserver errors might be happened. Many researchers are trying to find out more improved methods for estimating sex. The purpose of this presentation is to show the usefulness of moiré contourography for analyzing the skull. Takasaki (1970) 1) introduced the moiré contourography in order to determine the surface contour of a certain material. KEYWORDS S E X D E T E R M I N AT I O N ; S K U L L ; BIOLOGICAL PROFILE P 05-7 SEX DETERMINATION USING 3D IMAGE FROM THE MEDIAL AND LATERAL CONDYLES OF THE FEMUR 483 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Dae-Kyoon Park1, Jae-Woo Kang4 , Jin-Whan Ryu4 , Duk-Soo Kim1, Kyungho Park1, U-Young Lee2 , Yi-Suk Kim3 1 Department of Anatomy, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, Catholic University, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea (South); 4NICE, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Korea (South) The fringe contour lines are visible on the surface of materials as a result of an interference phenomenon of light. The master screen that is similar to the gratings was made by steel rods, which were arranged as equally spaced parallel lines. Halogen light source was illuminated by lantern slide projector. The skeletal materials were documented crania, composed of 87 male and 47 female, from William M. Bass Donated Skeletal Collection housed at the Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee. The skulls were placed just behind the master screen as anatomical position using cubic craniophore. The angle between the light source and camera was 65˚, the distance between camera and the master screen was 1.2 m. Frontal view, left lateral and right lateral view were taken. From the frontal view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first five contour lines which were mainly located around the Glabella. The results were as followed; Type Ifor male was 15% and female was 2%; Type II for male was 48% and female was 6%; Type Ⅲ for male was 29% and female was 4%; Type IV for male was 2% and female was 32%; Type V for male was 6% and female was 55%. From the lateral view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first four contour lines. However, first and second contour lines were critical to determine the shape and the results were as followed; TypeI for male was 52% and female was 22%; Type II for male was 58% and female was 26%; Type Ⅲ for male was 8% and female was 17%; Type IV for male was 2% and female was 33%; Type V for male was 0% and female was 2%. According to this study, different fringe patterns might be dependent on the degree of development of bone marker such as Glabella, Supercillary arch, Eurion and Mastoid process. For example, Supercillary arches were very well developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was declined, fringe pattern showed downward arrowhead shape. If Supercillary arches were poorly developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was flat, fringe pattern showed home plate shape. The present research shows that moiré contourography might be used as more objective methods for estimating sex. In the future, continuing study need to be performed with shallower spaced master screen to produce clearer fringe pattern. WFF2014 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Deog-Im Kim1, Dai-Soon Kwak2 , Seung-Ho Han3 1 Department of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea (South); 2Department of Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (South); 3Department of Anatomy, ChungAng University, Seoul, Korea (South) The femur is known one of the useful bones in the postcranium to determine sex. Most research reported head diameter, epicondylar breadth, and bicondylar length has high discrimination than other variable. In addition to, the proximal and distal parts of the femur show the difference between the sexes, too. The proximal end of femur, including head, is studied to determine sex using discriminant analysis but; its distal end is not done. In orthopedics, the anatomical study of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur has been of interest in the development and design for a knee prosthesis. Many researchers in orthopedics reported the distal part of the femur showed the difference between the sexes. This study aims to make sure of the usefulness of the distal part for sex determination and to develop an equation by using the medial and lateral condyles of the femur. We used three-dimensional images from 202 Korean femurs. Fifteen variables were measured with a computer program after the femurs were in alignment. Fourteen variables showed a statistically difference between the sexes (P < 0.01). The most accurate equation used with of the medial and lateral condyles (WDC), with of the medial condyle (WMC), depth of the lateral condyle (DLC), and depth of the intercondylar notch (DIN) (94.1%), and is as follows : D = 0.336 x WDC + (-0.097) x WMC + (-0.153) x DLC + 0.372 x DIN – 20.912. The second highest accuracy was 90.1% of the width dimensional group and WDC. The accuracy using traditional variables - bicondylar length, epicondylar breadth, and maxium head diameter – was not higher than variables of the distal part. It was 88.4% in maximum head diameter, 84.1% in epicondylar breadth, and 76.7% in bicondylar length. This study shows that the medial and lateral condyles of the femur should be helpful for sex determination in situations where the skull, pelvis and femoral head are missing and the distal part of the femur is available. CONDITIONS: A CONTRIBUTION OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY TO CEMETERIES MANAGEMENT Maria Gama, Duarte Vieira, Maria Ferreira Centre of Forensic Sciences (CENCIFOR), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal The knowledge of the decomposition process takes an increasingly central role in cemetery management, especially in countries like Portugal, whose cemeteries are overcrowded. There is currently an increase in constructing drawers that allow aerobic decomposition. This style of burial has (theoretically) some advantages. By allowing the circulation of oxygen will lead to a rapid decomposition, and consequently allowing the rotation of the burial space. Also admits the burial of corpses in several small areas. On the other hand, solve some environmental issues. However, the manners in which the decomposition occurs under these conditions and the time required for skeletonization are still unknown. The aim of this study is to analyze the changes of the cadaver’s burial in drawers, realize how much time is a necessary for skeletonization, check if and how the system of air circulation influences decomposition and study solutions that enable a faster decomposition. This experimental study began with the three systems of drawers that are already in Portuguese cemeteries and a prototype system. For this first approach we used four pig carcasses of the same sex, from the same litter and with the same feeding and cause of death. After the deposition of carcasses, the drawers were sealed with clear acrylic. The evolution of the decomposition process was evaluated weekly, over 147 days (and 2184 ADD). This first stage of the study has indicated the existence of differences in the decomposition process between the four systems. The results allowed us to select some necessary characteristics for a faster decomposition. In a new stage of this experimental study will be necessary to build a prototype with the characteristics that we think are essential in optimizing the aerobic decomposition systems. KEYWORDS AEROBIC DECOMPOSITION; FORENSIC TAPHONOMY; FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY CONDYLE OF FEMUR; SEX DETERMINATION; DISCRIMINANT KEYWORDS P 05-10 P 05-9 A TAPHONOMIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF HUMAN BODY DECOMPOSITION IN AEROBIC 484 THE APPLICATION OF REDUCTION TECHNIQUE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE BONES IDENTIFICATION AT LABORATORY OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY FROM CEMEL/FMRP-USP WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil KEYWORDS FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; PUTREFIED BODIES; BONES P 05-11 RECORDING BOOK FOR INDIGENTS AND UNKNOWN DECEASED AT CEMEL/FMRP-USP, BRAZIL: HOW A SIMPLE CARE CAN HELP RELATIVES TO FIND MISSED PEOPLE Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil INTRODUCTION : The deceased who are forwarded to the Medico Legal Centre in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil (CEMEL/ FMRP-USP) as unknown (ignored identity) or indigent (identified but unclaimed) are kept in a specific refrigerator from 12 to 15 days, until being recognized by relatives or friends. When they are not, the final destiny is a burial as an unknown or indigent person at the local public cemetery. Considering the absence of an effective national databank for missing people in Brazil, a local solution was implemented. OBJECTIVE : Increase the chances for relatives who are looking for their missing people to find them after death and relieve their pain. METHODS : When a corpse arrives at CEMEL as unknown or indigent, the first procedure to photograph his/her face. Other details of the body that may assist in identification, such as tattoos, bruises, blemishes, belongings and other peculiarities are also registered. A one to two pages file created in an ordinary text software with the images and a short report specifying the dates of entry and burial, as well as the cause of death is done. The exact location of the burial at the local cemetery is added after, regarding the localization of the body if it is claimed. This document is finally printed and added to a file book. RESULTS : Starting in 1999, for the last 15 years this “recording book for indigents and unknown” detailed information of 192 deceased people. It can be accessed by 485 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) INTRODUCTION : With the creation of the protocol LAF/ CEMEL in 2005 it was also established and allowed the development of the activities related to the preparation of reports regarding identification of human remains. Considering climate conditions and facilities available at CEMEL, a protocol for soft tissues cleansing from bodies found in putrefaction became necessary aiming to facilitate manipulation, organization and identification of bone structures. It is noteworthy that before the creation of the reduction protocol for decomposing bodies, they were buried as unknown or indigents and hardly had the opportunity to be identified later. OBJECTIVE : Show how the protocol for soft tissues removal from human remains regarding preparation of bones for forensic anthropological examination is increasing the identification of missed people in Ribeirão Preto – São Paulo / Brasil. METHODS : When the body is sent to CEMEL, pictures are taken with special attention to peculiar signs, like tattoos, piercings, clothes, evidence of the cause of death, and other particularities if any. A sample for DNA analysis (tooth or bone fragment – preferably the sternum or a femur fragment) is collected before starting the process. So, the body must have its limbs and the head disarticulated by anatomical dissection. Then, each of the parts must be placed in a metallic basket and put into a maceration tank (Multifritas ® ) containing just tap water with no other chemical products and kept under controlled temperature (80 to 90 degrees C) for 24-48h, depending on the amount and conditions of the remaining soft tissues. The reason for no chemical addictions in the water is to avoid damages to bone structure. After the maceration, the removal of the soft tissues is easier and can be done avoiding the use of instruments that can produce artifacts on the bone structure. Then, the recovered bones are left to sun dry before being sent for the anthropological analysis. RESULTS : From the year of 2005 to 2013, 93 cases were sent to LAF/CEMEL. These, 60 unidentified bodies in putrefaction went through this protocol for soft tissues removal and 20 of those were identified (22%). These procedures allowed that in an average interval of 7296h skeletons were submitted to forensic anthropology examination generating reports with detailed description of bioanthropological profiles (gender, ancestry, age, stature, handedness, dental characteristics, bone pathological conditions and/or trauma). CONCLUSION : The method described above is efficient for soft tissues removal from putrefied bodies leading to a faster preparation of the skeletons for forensic anthropological analysis, which improved the quality and agility in reports preparation and increasing the chances of identification, with great social impact for the population. WFF2014 anyone who seeks the CEMEL/FMRP-USP searching for a missing relative. Even being a “manual” database this procedure allowed the recognition and identification of 30 people (16%). CONCLUSION : Although CEMEL/FMRP-USP is part of a university, it has not the official role to assume the localization of missing people. This action caused an awareness of local society and different public and private institutions. Recently, CEMEL/FMRP-USP received an offer to have the information of unknown and indigent computerized in a databank with no costs, which can improve the quality of search and cross checking the information about missing people and deceased persons, not only locally but eventually in a national level. An example of how volunteer work can reach the status of reference in the medico legal work in a huge but unequal country like Brazil. KEYWORDS UNKNOWN DECEASED; INDIGENTS; IDENTIFICATION P 05-12 MICROSCOPIC RESIDUES OF BONE FROM DISSOLVING HUMAN REMAINS IN ACIDS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Peter Zoon, Erwin Vermeij, Reza Gerretsen, Mayonne Van Wijk Microtraces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands Dissolving bodies in acids is a well-known method of disposing of human remains and has been practiced throughout the years. History’s most notorious case is the “acid bath murderer” John Haigh, an English serial killer during the 1940’s, who was convicted and subsequently executed for murdering six people. He dissolved the bodies in concentrated sulfuric acid, believing that if the victims’ bodies could not be found, then a murder conviction would not be possible. During the last decade in the Netherlands, two cases have emerged in which human remains were treated with acid. In the first case, a witness declared that a suspect involved in drug trafficking had killed his missing companion and burned him in a improvised incinerator. However, no remains of neither the victim nor the incinerator were found. Later, during another house search, an off-white concrete-like object, speckled with pink and brown spots, was found buried in a refuse bag in the suspects’ garden. At first, no-one had an idea what this odd appearing material could be. After preparing a polished section of the material in question, its 486 internal structure was revealed. The white material consisted of gypsum, and the pink and brown spots consisted of some sand and thin walled structures containing calcium, phosphorus and fluorine. A series of laboratory experiments confirmed that these mysterious thin walled structures were originally bone that was almost completely dissolved by hydrofluoric acid (HF) alone or a mixture of hydrofluoric and other acids. In the second case, a conscientious witness declared to the police that he had helped to dispose of two bodies by dissolving them in a mixture of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids in a plastic barrel. The mixture was stirred regularly and floating fatty residue was skimmed off and drained in a sink. A portion of the broth was regularly replaced by fresh acid. Solid substances from this removed broth were set apart and treated separately in a bucket of fresh acid. After two weeks, when the bodies were dissolved, the remaining fluid was poured down the drain adjacent to the witness’ house. The contents of the drain and the sewers were secured by the police and consisted of several kilograms of waste, including sand, demolition materials, and stone. After carefully sifting through the contents of the drain, one pivot tooth, a small piece of epidermis, and four residual particles with the same elemental composition as bone (calcium and phosphorus) were found. The four remnants were subjected to DNAanalysis but unfortunately it was not possible to obtain a DNA profile of one of the victims. Apart from the macroscopic findings, in almost every sample, microscopic residues of bone were found. These microscopic residues fall into three categories : 1) bone, partly aciddigested at the edges, 2) thin-walled structures such as those described above and 3) recrystallized calcium phosphate. Although some may believe it is possible to dissolve a body in acid completely, at least some of the aforementioned microscopic residues will always be found. KEYWORDS SEM/EDX; ANTHROPOLOGY; ACID P 05-13 EXECUTION AND HIDING CRIMES OF BODIES IN SUGARCANE IN THE CITY OF RIBEIRAO PRETO SAO PAULO/BRAZIL Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco, Teresa Cristina Pantozzi Silveira, Jose Marcelo Secchieri, Moacyr Lobo Costa Jr., Marco Aurelio Guimaraes Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY; EXECUTION; P 05-14 RADIOLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SKELETAL REMAINS FOUND IN SARDINIAN ‘SUPRAMONTE’ USING MULTISLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY Valentina Piredda1, Maurizio Conti2 , Stefano Profili3 , Giuseppe Manzoni2 , Gian Battista Meloni2 , Francesco Meloni3 , Elena Mazzeo1 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences- Legal Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Diagnostic Imaging, Radiotherapy and Neuroradiology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 3Service of Radiology, Hospital SS. Annunziata, Sassari, Italy OBJECTIVE : the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Legal Medicine and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Diagnostic Imaging, Radiotherapy and Neuroradiology, University of Sassari developed an investigation identifying the human skeletal remains found in unknown cave in the mountains of sardinian ‘Supramonte’. The purpose of this research was to determine, as accurately as possible, the biological profile and the evidence of taphonomic processes from the recovered remains. We proceeded involving conventional X-ray and multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS : Conventional X-ray, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and postprocessing two and three-dimensional bone reconstructions allowed morphological analysis and virtual anthropological study of the bones. The images were interpreted by radiologists and forensic pathologists, both practiced in human identification, determining sex, age at death and possible lesions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : the findings of this investigation lead to assess considerable informations for reconstructive identification. They also demonstrate the valuable role of the MSCT images in human skeletal remains identification. In this poster presentation we expound upon the conclusions of this investigation. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN IDENTIFICATION; SKELETAL REMAINS KEYWORDS P 05-15 FLUMINEDDU’S CAVE BONES IN SARDINIAN ‘SUPRAMONTE’ (ITALY): A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR THEIR IDENTIFICATION BONES Martina Focardi1, Valentina Piredda2 , Vindice Mingioni3 , 487 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) INTRODUCTION : Ribeirão Preto is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. It has an area of over 650 km² and has a population of 604, 682 inhabitants according to the last census conducted in the city in 2010, for the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), which ranks Ribeirão Preto as the eighth most populous city in the state and the third largest city of São Paulo state and Brazilian. Its urbanized area corresponds to 127 km², being the 17th largest in Brazil. The region is surrounded by sugarcane plantations, which are known to be ideal locations for “spawning” of bodies, since the crops grow quickly, in about three months reaches a size that prevents the viewing of a body that has been hidden in its inside, making it the ideal place for executions and or hiding victims. The reduced view of its interior and reduced access amongst the plants, the human remains are predominantly found in the harvest period, putrid or even completely skeletonized. It must also be considered the increase in the cultivated area of this plant, which had an increase above 1, 000% over the years in some places, making easier its use for the criminal purposes. OBJECTIVES : The purpose of this study was to verify if the number of cases of skeletonized human remains referred to the LAF/CEMEL is proportional to the total number of homicides fowarded to the Nucleus for Medical Legal Expertise in Ribeirão Preto (NPML/RPO) during the same time interval. The main objective was to verify if the number of human remains found can be associated to the occurrence of ordinary homicides of if it has a particular behaviour deserving an independent analysis. METHODS : The study was conducted comparing year to year the number of deaths from homicides in Ribeirão Preto, with the number of bones sent to LAF/CEMEL in the last decade. RESULTS : It was found that deaths from homicides in Ribeirão Preto has dropped from 34 to 07 cases per 100 thousand/inhabitants/year; however, the average number of bones sent to LAF/CEMEL increased from 05 to 09 for year in the past ten years analyzed. This demonstrates that there is no relationship between the number of deaths by homicides treated by NPML/RPO and the number of bones sent for analysis in LAF/CEMEL. CONCLUSION : Thus it can be assumed that cases of skeletonized bodies sent to LAF/CEMEL, must relate to crimes of execution and hiding a body into the cane fields of Ribeirão Preto and region, this being a distinct situation from the cases of homicides examined by NPML/RPO. WFF2014 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Elena Mazzeo2 1 Department of Health Sciences-Forensic Sciences Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences-Legal Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; 3Service of Anatomy Pathology, Hospital S. Francesco, Nuoro, Italy OBJECTIVE : According to identification forensic methods, it has been developed a multidisciplinary approach in the inquiry of the skeletal remains found in newly discovered cave in the mountains of sardinian ‘Supramonte’ during April 2014. The aim of the investigation was firstly to achieve reconstructive identification of bones and to define, as accurately as possible, time elapsed since death of the individuals whose bones belonged to. We proceeded involving conventional techniques to human identification which consist in genetic exam for the characterization of the DNA and high-resolution mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating to date the remains. MATERIALS AND METHODS : The genetic analysis for the characterization of DNA was performed on samples according to the recommended analytical protocol for the performance of genetic tests. The finds were also analyzed with radiocarbon method by the technique of highresolution mass spectrometry (AMS); the extracted material was converted into carbon dioxide by acidification and in graphite by reduction. The amount of graphite extracted from the samples has allowed the estimation of radiocarbon concentration. The date obtained was then calibrated to calendar age. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : The data obtained allowed considerable information; furthermore we can provide to elucidate the date of death of skeletonized human remains and also to find the accordance between these bones in order to suggest, hypothetically, if them belonged to the same settlement. The scientific results were compared with historical data about ancient population settled in Sardinian Supramonte. KEYWORDS RECONSTRUCTIVE IDENTIFICATION; FORENSIC SCIENCES; HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS P 05-16 GLYCOSYLATED PROTEINS PRESERVED OVER MILLENNIA: N-GLYCAN ANALYSIS OF TYROLEAN ICEMAN, SCYTHIAN PRINCESS AND WARRIOR Bum Jin Kim, Hyun Joo An Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, 488 Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea (South) An improved understanding of glycosylation will provide new insights into many biological processes. In the analysis of oligosaccharides from biological samples, a strict regime is typically followed to ensure sample integrity. However, the fate of glycans that have been exposed to environmental conditions over millennia has not yet been investigated. This is also true for understanding the evolution of the glycosylation machinery in humans as well as in any other biological systems. In this study, we examined the glycosylation of tissue samples derived from four mummies which have been naturally preserved : – the 5, 300 year old ‘’Iceman called Oetzi’’, found in the Tyrolean Alps; the 2, 400 year old ‘’Scythian warrior’’ and ‘’Scythian Princess’’, found in the Altai Mountains; and a 4 year old apartment mummy, found in Vienna/Austria. The number of N-glycans that were identified varied both with the age and the preservation status of the mummies. More glycan structures were discovered in the contemporary sample, as expected, however it is significant that glycan still exists in the ancient tissue samples. This discovery clearly shows that glycans persist for thousands of years, and these samples provide a vital insight into ancient glycosylation, offering us a window into the distant past. M U M M Y; G LY C O S Y L AT I O N ; M A S S SPECTROMETRY KEYWORDS P 05-18 IDENTIFICATION OF 60 YEARS OLD SKELETON IN THE GRAVEYARD, BY MEANS OF ORTHOPEDIC SCREW IMPLANTS Djaja Surya Atmadja1, Evi Untoro2 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2 Instalation of Forensic Medicine, Sentra Medika Cibinong Hospital, Bogor, Indonesia Introduction. In Chinese culture, there is a need to reunite the remains of a couple when death is separated long time one from another. In this situation, exhumation of the former late and identification of the remains need the help of forensic expert. Identification of the remains buried more than 50 years basically need application various identification methods, and finding of a specific individual marker, such as plate and screw will be high valuable to get the higher degree of accuracy. Case report. A male, 50 years old was WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 found death due to heart attack. His body was embalmed and the remains was buried in a graveyard in a coffin. Ten years before death, the male has a history of femoral fracture and orthopedic doctor has implant 4 screws to reunite the head of femur. Sixty years later, his wife passed away due to old aged and their children want to reunite their parent remains in a single grave. An exhumation was executed and a forensic pathologist was asked for identify the remains. No more coffin was exist, and some skeleton was found inside the trousers. Most of the skeleton was disappeared or broken, however long bones of extremities and fragmented vault fragment were still existed. The femurs were found and on the right femoral head there were 4 screw. The finding of these screw were confirmed by the family belong to the late. The identification swas confirmed baased on the grave location, clothes and the screw and the remains was taken by the family for the reunion purposes. Conclusion. In personal identification, history of medical intervention, and the finding of implants, such as screw, can be used for positive identification of the sekeletal remains Finally, as a result of having collected this evidence, we could send this body to their relatives. UNIDENTIFIED DEAD BODIES; COMPLETE BODIES; DECOMPOSED BODIES KEYWORDS KEYWORDS P E R S O N A L I D E N T I F I C A T I O N ; ORTHOPEDIC SCREW; FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY P 05-19 SUCCESSFULNESS OF AN IDENTIFIED DEAD BODY FROM THE SILICONE NUMBER Narttida Susri, Pol. Capt Rachadaporn Mornmoung Bureau of Missing Person Identification, Central Institute of Forensic Science, Bangkok, Thailand IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 15 (Wed) Unidentified dead bodies are divided into many types such as complete bodies, decomposed bodies, skeletonize bodies, etc. The capability to identify these bodies depends on postmortem conditions, clothing, accessories and other pieces of evidence related to the body found. Therefore, data collecting from unidentified dead bodies is very important as well as collecting anti-mortem information from suspected relatives. For this case, this unidentified dead body died by falling into water at Pathumthani Province. Police officers sent this body to the Central Institute of Forensic Science (CIFS), Ministry of Justice to perform an autopsy and to identify the body. We found that this body had had plastic surgery (silicone) on the breasts for which there is a serial number. This number led us to the customer’s information (name) from the warranty card, the address of the customer and the telephone number of the customer from TOT Public Company Limited (1133). We identified the relatives from the civil registration database. 489 WFF2014 POSTER PRESENTATION 06 FORENSIC GENETICS & BIOLOGY (GB) P 06-1 THE ROLE OF GENETIC TESTING IN CARDIAC DEATHS UNDER SUSPICION OF HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: VALIDATING A METHOD AND PRESENTING PRELIMINARY DATA OF AN ITALIAN RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Camilla Tettamanti, Simonetta Verdiani, Lucia Casarino, Alessandro Bonsignore, Francesco Ventura Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), occurring with a prevalence of 1/500, is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes and one of the most frequent in adult, and it is characterized by phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. Particularly, its onset can be completely asymptomatic as well as it can reveal arrhythmias, cardiovascular dysfunctions and also sudden deaths. Several hundreds of mutations among at least 27 different genes have been identified in determining HCM so far. The majority of HCM is caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the cardiac tissue. MYH7 (encoding beta-myosin heavy chain), TNNT2 (encoding cardiac Troponin T) and TNNI3 (encoding cardiac Troponin I) genes account for 25% to 35% of all the above mentioned mutations and they are easily investigated together by using standard polymerase chain reaction and Sanger Method of DNA sequencing. The authors focus on the DNA sequence of eight exons (5, 9, 13, 19, 35 and 36 of MYH7, exon 9 of TNNT2, exon 8 of TNNI3 gene) – reported in the reviewed literature between those with a high prevalence of mutations – starting from different frozen tissues (spleen, myocardium and blood) collected during forensic autopsies performed in a 5-year period (2009-2013) at the University of Genova, Italy. The analysis involved 9 cases of sudden cardiac death. Genomic DNA was isolated in one case from myocardium, in two cases from spleen and in six cases from blood using Puregene DNA purification kit. Single exons have been amplified by PCR with specifically designed primers. The screening of mutations has been carried out by direct sequencing. In all cases it was possible to obtain a complete DNA sequence. None of the cases revealed evidence of HCM sequence 490 variants; instead, in three subjects the c.gcG/gcA synonymous variant (rs 3729830) in the exon 35 MYH7 was found. The presented retrospective study allowed the authors to validate a method of DNA extraction and sequencing from different frozen samples collected in a wide range of years. According to this, further analysis would be performed in order to reveal the real incidence of HCM occurring in sudden unexplained death; as a matter of fact, being able to reach a certain post-mortem diagnosis of HCM is a crucial step to perform a proper counselling between the deceased’s family. Moreover, after a genetic diagnosis of HCM, the firstdegree relatives may undergo a possible screening to prevent other sudden deaths allowing timely therapeutic measures and a mandatory follow-up. KEYWORDS HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; GENETIC POST-MORTEM DIAGNOSIS; RELATIVES COUNSELLING P 06-2 COMBATING INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING IN LATIN AMERICA: THE ROLE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AMAZON ECOSYSTEM Rodrigo Mayrink1, Antonio Mauricio Santos Filho1, Daniel Vilela2 , Marina Meneghini3 , Izabella Machado4 , Barbara Trindade5 1 Forensic Sector, Federal Police of Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 2Sector of Reception and Care of Wild Animals, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Resources, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Center of Technological Education, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 4 Biology Course, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 5Environmental Engineering Course, Una University Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Brazil, due to shelter most of the Amazonian ecosystem, increasingly stands out in the international stage regarding to efforts to protect global biodiversity. For the past 20 years its legislation and public policy has achieved great strides in terms of protecting forests and wildlife. Currently the country has the National Environmental Policy Law, the National System of Conservation Units Law and the Environmental Crimes Law, among other acts. Furthermore, it is signatory to CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). In this context, the Brazilian Federal Police, through its WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS WILDLIFE TRAFFIC; ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME; FORENSIC VETERINARY MEDICINE P 06-3 EXHUMED BONES AND TEETH FROM TROPICAL CLIMATE FOR FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES: HISTOPATHOLOGY OF FEMORAL COMPACT BONE AND APPLICATION OF ENDODONTIC METHODS IN TEETH Rafael Dias Astolphi1, Victor Eduardo Arias1, Caio Cesar Floriano Luz1, Marco Aurelio Guimaraes2 , Raffaela Arrabaca Francisco2 , Rafal Barrios Mello1, Maria Regina Regis Silva1, Carolina Mautoni1, Maria Tereza Seixas Alves1, Edna Sadayo Miazato Iwamura1 1 Department of Pathology, Paulista School of Medicine - Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 2 Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Riberao Preto Medical School - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil Some issues in forensic pathology, such as human identification when only bones and teeth are available, are still a challenge. In most cases the bones and teeth have degraded DNA and these samples have intrinsic characteristics variables, arising from different environments. Additionally, it is observed in the literature that there is a scarcity of studies involving recent samples and coming from the same environment. Furthermore, rarely is performed an ultrastructural classification of the samples. The objective of the present study was to perform : 1) An evaluation of the microstructural histopathology of bone tissue and preservation of the cell array to subsequent molecular analyzes; 2) A proposition of a technique for extraction of DNA from fresh teeth, which can be extrapolated to exhumed teeth. For this, we used : a) Fragments of compact bone from femoral diaphysis from 11 adult individuals exhumed 5 and 12 years post inhumation, from the same cemetery in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Controls were derived from amputee’s surgery (n = 3), considering that controls and exhumed fragments were collected from the same femur region. For morphological analysis, the samples were fixed, decalcified in nitric acid and then stained with H&E, picrosirius red, silver reticulin and silver methenamine; b) 10 teeth (canine, molar and premolar) were extracted from different individuals and kept in sterile tubes and then embedded in plastic cup within mixture containing gypsum and sawdust, followed by radiographs and coronectomy through micromotor coupled with a carborundum disc wheel. The dental pulp tissues were collected by Hedstroem files lengths 25 and 21 mm, transferred to a tube containing 0.5 mL extraction buffer (0.5 M EDTA, 0.5% Tween®20 and 30μl proteinase K at 20mg/mL) and incubated at 56°C overnight. Thus, the DNA was purified using GFX Purification Kit®. 491 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) forensic branch – the National Institute of Criminalistics and its state offices – has taken leading role in scientific research applied to combating environmental crimes, especially crimes against wildlife. In the last decade, the institution has significantly increased its staff of forensic experts in the fields of Veterinary Medicine, Biology, Forestry, Environmental Chemistry, and others. This growth has been promoting the development of several specific forensic techniques for the protection of biodiversity of Amazon, Atlantic Forest and Cerrado (the Brazilian savanna) in cooperation with universities and IBAMA, the federal environmental agency. The aim of this paper is to report the main advances of the Brazilian Federal Police in forensic examinations related to wildlife protection. In other parts of the world the illegal trade in wildlife is mainly concentrated in some large species such as African elephant (for ivory) or Asian tiger (for skins and other body parts). On the other hand, in Latin America, given the peculiarities of its ecosystems, wildlife trafficking is spread by a large number of species of birds, small mammals, reptiles and amphibians. For instance, in recent years over eleven thousand specimens of Sicalis flaveola (Saffron Finch) smuggled from Peru, Ecuador and Venezuela were seized by Brazilian law enforcement agencies. For being bigger than the Brazilian subspecies, such animals had been trafficked to Brazil for illegal fighting competitions. The morphological differentiation of subspecies, a technique developed in academia, was adapted to be used as a forensic tool to attest the foreign origin of the birds. Additionally, Federal Police forensics participated in investigations of trafficking of macaws, parrots and parakeets chicks from various regions of the country and Latin America. Young animals were sold to licensed breeders and registered as being descendants of their herd’s pairs. Genealogical DNA tests using specific markers was applied in partnership with universities and IBAMA. Wildlife smuggling also occurs in the form of animal parts. Many pieces of Amazonian indigenous handicrafts destined for illegal international trade were examined in order to discover the animal species from which the feathers, hair, teeth and skins were withdrawn. Such advances have allowed the Brazilian Federal Police to contribute to the protection of biodiversity of the Amazon and other Latin American ecosystems, placing Brazil in the way of the world’s most developed countries in the field of environmental forensic science. WFF2014 After NanoDrop® quantification, PCR amplifications were performed using mini-M21 primers for the analysis of mtDNA (HV2 fragment with 166bp).The exhumed femur samples showed : 1) Preservation of bone matrix area and presence of tunnels in a different degrees; 2) Picrosirius red and silver reticulin staining have provided a consistent coloring in exhumed bone fragments, probably due to the degeneration that occurred during inhumation; 3) Silver methenamine staining evidenced fungi within the Haversian canals which may be an PCR inhibitor and 4) A significantly smaller number of osteocytes nuclei within bone lacuna and within bone area in exhumed group compared to control group; 5) In teeth, was possible qualify the best samples by periapical radiographies analysis and 6) The endodontic files helped in pulp material extraction to perform PCR. These data showed the process of cell death and contamination by microorganisms in exhumed femur group, highlighting the importance in qualifies these samples for further DNA analysis. Besides, the application of endodontic methods can assist in obtaining DNA from teeth. In this case, the reduction in size of mini-M21 primers may show an alternative in exhumed teeth, which is highly degraded. Financial Support FAPESP : 2012/12344-3; 2012/24918-4; 2013/17901-0. KEYWORDS F O R E N S I C D E N T I S T RY; F O R E N S I C PATHOLOGY; FORENSIC GENETICS P 06-4 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) STAINS OF SEMEN AND SEMINAL FLUID PRE AND POSTVASECTOMY: PURITY AND SUFFICIENT QUANTITY OF RECOVERED DNA AFTER 10 YEARS OF STORAGE Carolina Mautoni1, Rafael Dias Astolphi1, Rafael Barrios Mello1, Jose Arnaldo Soares Vieira3 , Marcelo Souza Silva1, Maria Luiza De Almeida Prado Oliveira Sousa2 , Eloisa Auler Bittencourt1, Edna Sadayo Miazato Iwamura1 1 Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 2Center for Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Criminology of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Rape is a heinous crime and its incidence has increased significantly, especially in large urban centers, such as Sao Paulo city. In most cases, it is committed by family members and people close to the victim, which makes it harder to be denounced as the aggressor. Recently in Brazil, the Law No 12.654/2012 entered into force, which provides the compulsory collection of genetic material from 492 individuals suspected of committing violent and heinous crimes, followed by storage of their sample in a national DNA profile database. In parallel, there are situations where the only materials available for analysis are traces, such as semen stains on the victim’s clothing. On the other hand, vasectomy is a widely method of contraception used in Brazil. The absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate of azoospermic individuals increases the difficulty of extracting satisfactory amounts of DNA for analysis, especially if the material is in the form of spots. Therefore, it was evaluated the possibility of obtaining autosomal STR and Y-STR profiles from stains containing the ejaculate of individuals pre and postvasectomy, stored in cotton fabric for a period of 10 years. After informed consent, were analyzed 10 stains of semen stains obtained from 30 µl of semen (prevasectomy) and seminal fluid (postvasectomy), from five pre-listed individuals, and these were stored in cotton fabrics, from 2004 to 2014 at room temperature. Then, three cutouts of 5 mm in diameter (punch) were taken from central region of each spot with the aid of the instrument properly sterilized punch and placed in 1.5 ml plastic microcentrifuge tubes with 180 µl of extraction buffer plus 20 µl of Proteinase K, keeping the whole punch under stirring for 12 hours at 56°C. It was used the QIAamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen) to extract DNA with an adapted protocol followed by quantification by Nanodrop equipment. Genetic profiles were obtained using PowerPlexR Fusion System and Y23 - PowerPlexR (Promega) for amplification of autosomal STR and Y - STR, respectively. Capillary electrophoresis was performed on the ABI PRISM 3500 DNA Analyzer. DNA extraction was successful in all punch analyzed, and its concentration ranged from 5.7 ng/uL to 45.6 ng/uL in the prevasectomy punch and from 1.6 ng/uL to 3.7ng/uL in postvasectomy punch. In addition, the samples had suitable purity, reflecting the presence of few contaminants. We intend to analyze more samples and in this way explain some variations which may occur. Currently, the techniques of DNA amplification are extremely sensitive and capable of assessing human DNA in small quantities generating partial or full profiles, trespassing situations such as long storage periods in cotton fabric. These data can be used as a benchmark for forensic analysis in cases of semen analysis. AZOOSPERMIA; SEMEN ANALYSIS; MICROSATELLITE REPEATS KEYWORDS WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 06-5 P 06-6 FORENSIC BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION BY SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES AND THE PRESENCE OF BACTERIAL DNA SEQUENCE DIVERSITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTROL REGION IN KOREA POPULATION Eun Young Lee, Ajin Choi, Kyoung-Jin Shin, Woo Ick Yang, Hwan Young Lee Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) KEYWORDS BODY FLUID IDENTIFICATION; DNA METHYLATION; BACTERIA Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis is a valuable forensic tool, useful for human identification purposes. We have analyzed variation of the mtDNA hypervariable region I and II (HV-I and HV-II) in 230 unrelated Koreans. Combined sequence comparison of HV-I and HV-II led to the identification of 171 different haplotypes characterized by 165 variable sites. Sequence variations are caused by nucleotide substitutions, insertions or deletions. As compared to insertions and deletions, nucleotide substitutions make up the vast majority of the mutations (94%). We have predominantly found transitions (82%) and a significantly lower frequency of transversions (12%) whereas insertions (2%) as well as deletions (4%) are rather rare. The most prevalent substitution was C-T and 72% of DNA showed C-T substitution at 16223 in HV-I. In HV-II, 98.7% and 97.8% of DNA showed A-G substitution at 73 and at 263, respectively. The most frequent haplotype was [16187T, 16223T, 16290T, 16319A, 73G, 235G 263G] representing 3.5%. Approximately 22.8% of DNA showed the same haplotype in at least two samples. Different mtDNA sequences were designated into haplogroups using the mtDNA manager software and the most common haplogroups were D4 (39.8%). KEYWORDS M I T O C H O N D R I A L D N A ( M T D N A ) ; HYPERVARIABLE REGION; KOREA POPULATION P 06-7 DEVELOPMENT OF THE KPLEX-23 MULTIPLEX PCR SYSTEM TO ANALYZE 23 FORENSIC MARKERS Yu Na Oh1, Eun Young Lee1, Young Geun Yang2 , Jeong Eun Sim3 , Su Jeong Park3 , Soong Deok Lee4 , Kyoung-Jin Shin1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Bioquest, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South); 3DNA Analysis Laboratory, DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South) 493 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The identification of body fluids found at crime scenes can provide crucial investigative leads by giving information that can link sample donors and actual criminal acts thereby offering an insight for crime scene reconstruction. In the present study, a multiplex methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-polymerase chain reaction (MSRE-PCR) was developed for forensic body fluid identification using body fluid-specific epigenetic markers, each of which is specific for blood, saliva, semen and vaginal fluid, and amplicons for the 16S rRNA gene of saliva- and vaginal fluid-specific bacteria. The developed multiplex system enabled more accurate detection of body fluids than the previous multiplex MSREPCR by replacing four semen-specific epigenetic markers with markers that had been identified from genome-wide epigenetic analysis of various body fluids using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. Blood can be identified by methylation at a blood-specific epigenetic marker, and semen can be identified by methylation or unmethylation at two semen-specific epigenetic markers. Saliva and vaginal fluid can be identified by methylation at the saliva and vaginal fluid-specific epigenetic markers and by the presence of saliva- and vaginal fluid-specific bacteria. The multiplex MSRE-PCR produced successful results with 1 ng of DNA extracted from body fluids of 34 males and 16 females. The efficacy of the multiplex MSRE-PCR was also tested with aged and mixed samples. Because the multiplex MSRE-PCR can detect body fluid-specific DNA methylation changes and the presence of bacterial DNA simultaneously using the same source of DNA for personal identification, this method will ensure high specificity and reliability as well as forensic applicability, thereby facilitating more efficient body fluid identification in forensic casework. Sang-Ok Moon, Myung Jin Park, Jihye Park, Hyunchul Park, Si-Keun Lim Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South) WFF2014 In this era of globalization, the exchange of forensic data is vital to international investigations, and the use of forensic DNA typing kits that are compatible with the global DNA databases (e.g. databases produced by EU Prüm DNA Data Exchange Network and databases using the CODIS) is important to enhance the opportunity for successful international cross-border DNA comparisons. Therefore, we developed a new multiplex PCR system, the Kplex-23 HID kit, which amplifies a total of 23 forensic markers in a single reaction. The Kplex-23 HID kit contains Amelogenin, D1S1656, D2S441, D2S1338, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D10S1248, D12S391, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D21S11, D22S1045, CSF1PO, FGA, TH01, TPOX, vWA, DYS391 and Y-M175. These markers include STRs in the CODIS and the Extended European Standard Set as well as 2 commonly used STRs (D2S1338 and D19S433) in addition to a sex-typing marker and 2 Y chromosomal markers. Primers were designed to produce amplicons with a size range of 70 bp to 420 bp detected by four fluorescent dyes. The Kplex-23 HID kit has high sensitivity to provide successful genotyping results at all loci using 100 pg of genomic DNA without any allele drop-in or drop-out. In addition, concordance study in 100 Korean samples showed consistent results between the Kplex-23 HID kit and the PowerPlex® Fusion kit. Multicenter validation study and development of direct amplification system for blood spots or buccal swab samples are also planned. In the future, the Kplex-23 HID kit could be a useful tool for forensic casework and DNA database construction and it will enable fruitful international collaboration of criminal DNA information. KEYWORDS KPLEX-23; CODIS LOCI; EXTENDED ESS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) LOCI P 06-8 IDENTIFICATION OF SEQUENCE VARIATIONS IN THE D21S11 LOCUS WITH FORENSIC DNA SAMPLES BY NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING Won-Hae Lee, Joo-Young Kim, Kyung-Sook Kim, Jin Myung Lee, Saimi Jung, Myung Jin Park, Na Yeon Kim, Nam-Soo Cho, Jong-Jin Kim Forensic DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju 220-170, Korea (South) Next generation sequencing (NGS) also called massive parallel sequencing, is carried out for a number of purposes in medical, anthropological, population and forensic genetics. 494 In forensics, fragment analysis of STR loci is most commonly employed when DNA in an evidentiary sample is sufficient to obtain STR data for forensic comparisons. In order to know whether NGS can compensate capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based STR typing, we compared STR types with NGS pyrosequencing data using mixed DNA and Low Copy Number DNA samples which is not easy to analyze STR typing data in the in the vWA, FGA and D21S11 locus. As a result, STR types are not easy to distinguish major and minor contributor in mixed DNA samples. In contrast, NGS sequencing was able to differentiate among them by DNA sequence difference. This results suggest that NGS is a good method to indicate who is the contributors in the casework samples. In addition, we examined DNA sequence of 6 microvariants in D21S11 locus using NGS to find out particular character of D21S21 6 microvariants. They showed mutations and sequence variations in and around the repeat region of D21S11 short tandem repeat (STR) loci. KEYWORDS N E X T G E N E R AT I O N S E Q U E N C I N G ; D21S11; SEQUENCING VARIATION P 06-9 FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS TO DETECT FRAUDS IN THE BRAZILIAN OFFICIAL PASSERINES BANDING SCHEME: A TOOL IN THE INVESTIGATION OF WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING Rodrigo Mayrink1, Daniel Vilela2 , Antonio Mauricio Santos Filho1, Barbara Trindade3 1 Forensic Sector, Federal Police of Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 2Sector of Reception and Care of Wild Animals, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewal Resources, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Environmental Engineering Course, Una University Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Wildlife trafficking has historical and cultural roots in Brazil, representing a major threat to national biodiversity. Among the most trafficked animals are several species of birds, notably passerines. A passerine, also known as perching bird or songbird, is any bird of the order Passeriformes, which includes more than half of all bird species. Brazilian law permits the captive breeding of some species of passerines, which is controlled by a national system of banding. Bands (small metal rings of cylindrical shape) are used to identify and control the breeding of birds in captivity and should be placed at the feet of the chicks until the fifth or WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 sixth day of life. Breeding birds for singing competition is a significant hobby in Brazil. It is estimated that there are approximately three hundred thousand amateurish breeders registered at IBAMA, the Brazilian environmental agency. Minas Gerais state, in the southeast region of the country, ranks as one of the leading centers of the activity, with approximately seventy thousand breeders. Frauds in the Brazilian official passerines banding scheme are common, allowing irregular banding of trafficked birds. Smugglers counterfeit or deform official bands in order to register young or adult birds caught illegally in the wild. To detect official metallic bands forgery, specific forensic protocols were created by integrating techniques of forensic veterinary medicine, forensic biology, ballistics and questioned document examination. Hundreds of fake bands were examined by the Federal Police´s forensic sector in Minas Gerais State and 64% of the total were tampered with. The methodology allowed the differentiation of types of forgery, providing important information for tracking smugglers gangs. KEYWORDS WILDLIFE TRAFFIC; BAND; PASSERINES P 06-10 INTERNAL VALIDATION AND CONCORDANCE STUDY FOR NEXT-GENERATION STR KITS. Jung-Hyun Park, Seung-Bum Hong, Si-Nae Han Division of DNA Analysis, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Command, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, Korea (South) KEYWORDS INTERNAL VALIDATION; CONCORDANCE STUDY; SHORT TANDEM REPEATS P 06-11 DETERMINATION OF Y-STR MUTATIONS RATES IN FATHER-SON DUOS Gonul Filoglu, Elif Mertoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gulten Rayimoglu, Havva Altuncul Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Short-tandem repeats on the Y chromosome (Y-STR) have used for forensic science, population genetics, studies of human migration and evolution. The differences of Y-STR from other loci are NRY region of Y chromosome which does not recombine in meiosis and it is transferred without any changing from father to son. For these reasons, haplotypes of all males who are paternal relatives overlap each other except mutation events.. In case of any incompatibility between the haplotypes, mutation rates must be known to determine that this incompatibility are occured by a mutation or a true exclusion. Y-STR mutation rates vary from population to population. These rates must be determined in each population. For this purpose, Y-STR profiles of father-son duos in Turkey have been identified to detect incompatibility or not, moreover mutation rates of these loci have been determined. In this work, 17 Y-STR loci (DYS456, DYS389 I, DYS390, DYS389 II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385 a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438, DYS448) from 90 father-son duos in Turkey were used in order to estimate mutational rates. 495 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) In case of familial searching with large database, common STRs cannot provide sufficient kinship index. Thus, nextgeneration STR kits with additional STR loci are necessary in order to complement conventional analysis for more reliable forensic information. The PowerPlex Fusion System is STR multiplex that allows co-amplification of 22 autosomal STRs, including the CODIS core and the European Standard Set loci, plus amelogenin for gender determination and DYS391 male specific marker included in order to avoid errors in gender assignment when null Y-alleles or deletions of the Y-chromosome short arm involve the amelogenin locus. The PowerPlex Y23 System combines the 17 Y-STR loci in current commercially available Y-STR kits with six new highly discriminating Y-STR loci (DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643). Validations of these next-generation STR kits include all of the studies required by SWGDAM and compared with three conventional kits of Identifiler Plus, NGMSelect and Yfiler. Studies included reproducibility, precision, sensitivity of detection, minimum detection threshold, system contamination, stochastic effect and concordance. These forensic parameters were used to assess suitability of the new kits for forensic genetic analysis. Validation studies demonstrate that next-generation STR kits are robust, reliable, and sensitive methods for STR testing. Furthermore, concordance studies showed consistent results when comparing PowerPlex Fusion and Y23 System with other commercially available STR-genotyping systems. These results indicated that next-generation STR systems are potentially informative and may prove useful in identification of missing casualties from the Korean War. WFF2014 These loci were amplified according to the procedure of AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™ kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Mutation rates and confidence intervals (CI) were determined by exact binomial probability distribution (http : //statpages.org/confint.html). Mutations at DYS439 and DYS458 loci were detected between three father-son duos. Two loss mutations and one gain mutation were found, and all mutations were singlestep mutations. 1.96x10-3 was determined as the average mutation rate in the total population (95% CI 0.4x103 – 5.7x10-3). In addition, a duplication was observed at DYS389 II locus in both the father and son (30, 31). Beside this, two different intermediate alleles in DYS458 locus (19.2, 20.2) were observed. In this study, by analyzing 17 Y-STR loci routinely used in forensic science laboratory in father-son duos representing general Turkish population, population-specific mutation rate has been determined. Furthermore, duplication and intermediate alleles have been found. They are important to interpretation of Y chromosome. KEYWORDS Y-STR; MUTATION RATES; FATHER-SON DUOS P 06-12 SEQUENCING ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CODING REGION (8389 TO 8865) and advanced method in forensic cases. In this study, our purpose was to analyze mtDNA polymorphisms in the coding region. We studied nucleotide of 8389-8865 on coding region in 150 unrelated individuals from Turkish population. DNA was isolated from blood samples by using a silica based İnvitrogen Purelink Genomic DNA Mini Kit®. Amplification of the coding region encompassing position 8389 to 8865 PCR performed according to Tzen at al. The PCR products were sequenced using the ABI PRISM BigDye Terminator v3.1 Cycle sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems). Sequences were aligned and compared to the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) using SeqScape1 Version 2.7 (Applied Biosystems). The sequence polymorphisms have been found the most common 8860G and the others mutations are 8697A, 8485A, 8388 delT, 8847 delC, 8691delA. 169 transitions, 57 transversions, 38 insertions and 95 deletions were found in our study. The most frequent haplotype (8860a>G)was found in 36 individuals in Turkish population. Random match probability was calculated 0.076359. The genetic diversity is 0.9303827 and the power of discrimination is 0.923641. The probabiltiy of two randomly selected individual having identical type is 7.6%. The polymorphic sites within coding region can be useful in combination with control region in order to increase discrimination power for forensic application. The results were compared with the similar results which were studied in other countries. KEYWORDS IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Havva Altuncul, Omer Karatas, Arzu Duvenci, Akın Katoglu, Ozlem Bulbul, Gonul Filoglu Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Mitochondrial DNA polymorphic sequences analysis has been widely applied to forensic tests. However these sequences have thus far been derived from the displacementloop and intergenic regions only. İdentification and paternity testing are important issues in forensic genetics. Generally, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA are used for both tests. As known mtDNA has a much higher copy number per cell than nuclear DNA and mtDNA’s aren’t associated with histones are exposed to qxygen free radicals, and lack effective repair systems. Because of this numerous nucleotide variations can be quickly accumulated in mtDNA. Also it allows easier recovery of hair shafts contain multiple copies of mtDNA. And because of mitochondiral genome is inherited through mother it can be used for identification of skeletal remains if mtDNA of the same maternal lineage can be obtained. Therefore, mtDNA analysis is more useful 496 MTDNA; CODING REGION; TURKEY P 06-13 THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA (D-LOOP REGION) IN TURKISH POPULATION Havva Altuncul, Akin Katoglu, Omer Karatas, Yasemin Demirbas, Ozlem Bulbul, Gonul Filoglu Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can be used when DNA samples are severely degraded and analysis by short tandem repeat analysis may not be successful in forensic casework. Mitochondrial DNA has two main regions which are named coding and non-coding region. The non-coding region is called the control region which contains hypervariable regions I (HV1) and hypervariable regions II (HV2). In the presented study was to determine the discirimination power and genetic diversity of D-Loop region of mitochondrial DNA in Turkish population. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS MTDNA; D-LOOP; TURKEY P 06-14 NGS-BASED DETECTION OF DIVERSE AQUATIC ORGANISMS FOR DIAGNOSTIC OF DROWNING DEATH Sungmin Kim1, Hye Hyun Oh2 , Seung Hwan Lee2 , Won Kim1 1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South) Diatoms exhibiting in almost every aquatic environment were considered as good particles to discriminate between drowning and none drowning cases. However, the use of morphological diatom test is very controversial in diagnosis of drowning death. We performed a meta-genetic analysis of the 18S nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene using next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the basis of the blood samples collected from drowned rat heart. Eukaryotic communities from the community-by-OTU (95% sequence similarity) were analysed to identify significant biological patterns. From the closed blood, many different types of biological evidence discovered in the external environment were detected, such as Alveolata, Fungi, Metazoa, Rhizaria, Stramenopiles, and Viridiplantae. Forensic identification using NGS-based detection method improves diagnostic of drowning death. KEYWORDS N E X T- G E N E R AT I O N S E Q U E N C I N G ; DROWNING DEATH; META-GENETIC ANALYSIS P 06-15 DNA BARCODES REVEAL FISH FOOD FRAUD Hee-Soo Kim1, Sungmin Kim1, Narae Kim2 , Youngwook Nam2 , Hyeyoung Koo2 , Ukhee Chung3 , Hye Hyun Oh3 , Won Kim1 1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea (South); 3DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South) The discrimination of fish species used for seafood is growing issue because manipulated or mislabeled species of fish often occur in grocery stores and restaurants. Traditional morphological identification has limitations for identifying fish species in a variety of food type. For that reason, DNA497 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Mitochondrial DNA sequences of the hypervariable regions I (HV1) was determined for 102 and hypervariable region II (HV2) was determined for 107 unrelated Turkish individuals. DNA was extracted from blood samples using QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) according to the manifacturer’s protocol. The amount of DNA was determined by Qubit fluorometer (İnvitrogen). The two regions were amplified with a total volume 25 µl of PCR reactions, consisting of 0.25-1 ng template DNA, 3.75U of Tag DNA polymerase, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 2.5 ml 10 X PCR buffer, 0.2 mM ddNTP and 10pmol of each primer. Amplification was carried out in a 9700 GeneAmp thermal cycler (Applied Biosiystems). The samples were sequenced using the ABI PRISM Bigdye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit. HVI and HV2 regions were aligned from 16024 to 16422 and from 73 to 379 respectively. Sequences were compared with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) using SeqScape Version 2.7. The most frequent mitochondrial DNA haplotype on hypervariable region I (16183a>C 16189t>C) was shared by 5 individuals. The hypervariable region I profile most common polymorphic position were 16126t>C, 16183a>C, 16189t>C, 16223c>T and 16294c>T. 317 mutations were found in hypervariable region I. The discrimination power, genetic diversity of hypervariable region I were calculated 0, 982891, 0, 992623 respectively. The probability of two randomly selected individual having identical hypervariable region I type is 1.7%. The most frequent haplotype on hypervariable region II (263a>G 310t>C 310-311insTC) was found in 7 individuals. In this examined Turkish population, on HV2 profile most common polymorphic position were 152t>C, 263a>G, 310t>C, 310-311insC, 310-311insTC and 315insC. On the other hand discrimination power, genetic diversity of hypervariable region II were calculated 0, 980404, 0, 989653 respectively. The probabiltiy of two randomly selected individual having identical hypervariable region II type is 1.9%. Finally, the genetic diversity of hypervariable region I is same as hypervariable region II in Turkish population. Number of mutation in hypervariable region I are more than in hypvariable region II. When we compare with the other population studies, it was seemed that they have all the same discrimination power. Our study shows that, our transition rate is lower than the other populations but in the other hand transversion rate is higher than the other populations. To increase the discrimination power in addition to HV1 and HV2 polymorphic regions needs to determinate polymorphic SNP points. In this pilot study we present only results of 102 for HV1 and 107 for HV2 individuals in Turkish population but for reliable results we will increase the number of individuals up to 200. WFF2014 based methods are frequently employed in food safety and food authentication. In the present study, we collected 62 fish samples in marketplaces of Seoul and Wonju. To detect potential fish fraud we tested the effectiveness of DNA barcodes based on cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and analysed the sequences from fish food samples such as sushi, fish powder, and dried fish. As a result, some potentially mislabeled fish foods were detected. We conclude that DNA barcoding is applicable and authentic testing for identification of fish species used for seafood. KEYWORDS DNA BARCODE; FISH; FOOD FRAUD P 06-16 APPLICATIONS OF DNA BARCODING TO WILDLIFE ROAD-KILL IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Sungmin Kim1, Hyewon Kim1, Hye Hyun Oh2 , Seung Hwan Lee2 , Hang Lee3 , Won Kim1 1 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors Office, Seoul, Korea (South); 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) Animals that have been killed or struck by vehicles can often cause human casualties as well as destruction of cars. Identification of the road-killed animals is important to determine the cause of accidents. But, the use of only morphological characters of wildlife animals is often not sufficient for the identification. We tried a molecular identification of wildlife animal species using DNA barcoding on the basis of badly damaged road-killed animal samples that have been reported to Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife (CGRB) between 2004 and 2010. We tested the utility of DNA barcode sequence using taxonomically verified animal sequences obtained from Korea Barcode of Life (KBOL) which is a specific barcode database for Korean animals. Then we successfully identified 64 road-killed animals such as 25 birds, 12 reptiles, and 27 mammals. Our study present that the use of DNA barcoding can increase more accurate identification of wildlife animals and be used for preventing animal-vehicle collisions from road sites where road-kill is expected. KEYWORDS 498 DNA BARCODING; WILDLIFE; ROAD-KILL P 06-17 A FORENSIC CASE STUDY: ESTIMATING A DROWNING SITE FROM THE DROWNING VICTIM Sungmin Kim, Won Kim School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) Drowning victims has various types of traces of a drowning site. Finding microscopic biological traces of forensic evidence in drowning case is more confirmatory and worthy. It is required to collect various tissue samples (lungs, liver, heart, spleen, blood, and bone marrow) from drowned bodies. However, the use of these samples is extremely limited in legal research work of Korea and thereby is no study in drowning case. As a case study, we legally collected the stomach contents of the drowned body and detected diverse biological DNA traces using 454-pyrosequencing and bioinformatics tools. We also estimated a drowning site with meta-genetic sequences from sea benthos samples. We note that stomach contents of drowned body, even if stomach is exposed to the outer environment, can provide possibly important biological information and sequence-based evidence can be useful to calculate a drowning site. KEYWORDS DROWNING; 454-PYROSEQUENCING; DROWNING SITE P 06-18 MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF CHARRED VICTIM BY ANALYSIS OF AUTOSOMAL CHROMOSOMES Maria Chimpolo, Nasser Calumbuana, Valdemar Mateus Morfology, Medical School-Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola Human Identification is the process by which it determines the identity of a person, through the establishment of a set of characters that individualizes by making it equal only to itself. This identity must be recognized even in his death, according to Sweet (2001). Thanks to advances in the area of research became possible to analyze the remains, even those who are in full state of disrepair or in minute quantities (Mullis, 1986;. Morales et al, 2004), the technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In May this year, a completely charred body, possibly belonging to a young male, was found inside a vehicle. Traditional expert examinations did not allow the WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 identification of individuals due to the high state of tissue degradation (remains). At the request of his family alleged, the samples were sent to the Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Genetics area of the FMUAN hoping that through molecular methods were possible to determine the identity of the victim. Thus, the study main objective confirm via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), the genetic identity of the victim unrecognizable, analyzing autosomal microsatellite and testing the hypothesis that the victim was actually biological relatives of individuals consulted. Specific objectives included the analysis of the proportion of different alleles of the victim and his supposed relatives, the analysis of Mendelian principles in the composition of individuals in the study and validation of the results by obtaining the Paternity Index. The methodology used for this study was based on the PCR technique for the analysis of genetic profiles and determination of kinship between the alleged victim and his family. The results showed that the paternity index found with the reconstituted family was 99.2%, while the maternity was 99.9%, confirming the biological relationship between the victim and their families. This study allowed definitive identification of the remains of a charred individual, becoming thus the first study in the area of human identification, at country level, using a molecular approach, involving autosomal microsatellite, to aid in the CSI case that otherwise might never have an end. KEYWORDS STRS, DNA, GENOTYPING; ALLELE FREQUENCIES, CHARRED VICTIM; PATERNITY, MATERNITY P 06-19 Lay Hong Seah Head of DNA Serious Crime Unit, Forensic Division, Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia The primary challenge in the DNA analysis of evidentiary seminal stains for gang-rape cases lies in the elucidation of the contributors from a splatter of seminal stains which are expected to be of multiple sources. The high cost of genotyping, the constraints on time and resources and the wisdom to avoid mixtures warrants the use of a calculated KEYWORDS SEMINAL STAIN; GANG-RAPE; DNA MIXTURES P 06-20 EVALUATION OF Y-STR DNA RESULTS OF KINSHIP CASES USING THE PHILIPPINE ONLINE Y-STR HAPLOTYPE REFERENCE DATABASE (YHRD) Jazelyn Salvador1,2 , Maria Lourdes Honrado1, Lindsay Clare Carandang2 , Altair Agmata2 , Angelica Rose Sagum1, Maria Corazon De Ungria1,2 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of The Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines; 2 Program on Forensics and Ethnicity, Philippine Genome Center, Quezon City, Philippines Y chromosomal STR (Y-STR) analysis has become an important tool for kinship testing. In the Philippines, Y-STR DNA typing is used in deficient paternity testing cases, and in the identification of disaster victims and missing persons by direct comparison with the Y-STR DNA haplotype of paternal male relatives. The Paternity Testing Commission (PTC) of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) recommends that biostatistical evaluations of kinship testing such as father and son, paternal uncle and child, person and paternal brother, person and paternal grandfather and others, are based on a Likelihood Ratio (LR) principle. When using Y-STR analysis for determining paternal relationships, results are handled as haplotypes, and LRs are based on haplotype frequencies of the relevant population. A number of strategies have been proposed to estimate the frequency of Y-STR haplotype in a population. This paper compares the calculated LR for paternally related individuals when haplotype 499 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE-SOURCE SEMINAL STAIN PATTERN: A CALCULATED APPROACH TO ELUCIDATION OF THE CONTRIBUTORS approach. In this study, an approach was tested which hypothesized that for a multiple-source splatter of seminal stains, small isolated spots (less than 1 cm diameter) were likely to be single-source and larger irregular spots were more likely to be multiple-source. It was further hypothesized that for the larger irregular spots, there were overlapping of the stains from different sources and the central regions were very likely to be the overlap areas. Overlapping was least likely to occur in aeas at the periphery of these large irregular spots. This calculated approach was utilized in actual cases of gang-rape analyzed in the DNA laboratory in Malaysia. This paper demonstrated two real casework seminal stains splatter where this approach was effectively utilized. An attempt was also made to evaluate the seminal stains splatter from an understanding of the medium of semen. WFF2014 frequency is estimated using six different approaches, and the Philippine population database available in the YHRD. The six approaches in estimating haplotype frequency estimates are : 1) counting method; 2) augmented counting method; 3) counting method with Holland/Parsons upper bound confidence interval; 4) counting method with ClopperPearson upper bound confidence interval; 5) haplotype surveying approach; and, 6) Brenner’s model for rare haplotypes. Blood samples on FTATM cards from 303 fatherson, 137 brother and 13 grandfather-grandson pairs were amplified with PowerPlex® Y23 System and analyzed using the AB 3500 Genetic Analyzer following manufacturer’s recommendations. KEYWORDS Y-STR; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; KINSHIP TESTING P 06-21 USE OF NGS FOR WHOLE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCING FOR KOREAN IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Sohee Cho1, Hye Yeon Kim2 , Su Jeong Park2 , Soong Deok Lee1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) Next Generation Sequencing, so called NGS has become so popular recently, and now thus become Now Generation Sequencing. In forensic field, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a promising target for NGS. For practical reason mtDNA work has been mainly focused on control region, and it is not an easy work to sequence out of control region using conventional sequencing method. With NGS this restriction could be overcome easily. Through sequencing the whole mtDNA, more information about mtDNA could be obtained and the discrimination power of mtDNA would be expanded for maternal lineage works. Here we present our experiences on NGS for mtDNA together with some genetic information on Korean mtDNA. KEYWORDS N E X T G E N E R AT I O N S E Q U E N C I N G ; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; KOREAN Husniye Canan, Ayse Serin, Behnan Alper, Mete Korkut Gulmen Forensic Medicine Department, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey The cytochrome P450 2C (CYP2C) subfamily of enzymes metabolizes approximately 20% of drugs commonly used in clinical practice. Differences in metabolism of drugs can lead to severe toxicity or therapeutic failure by altering the relation between dose and blood concentration of pharmacologically active drug or metabolite. Knowledge of individual’s CYP2C19 status may be clinically and economically important and could provide the basis for a rational approach to drug prescription. Knowledge of individual’s CYP2C19 status may also be important to evaluation of drug intoxications for forensic examination. Thus, we examined the selected CYP2C19 variants in a 100 Turkish population. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples for analysis of most common variants of CYP2C19..or metabolizers. frequencies of CYP2C19*2, The prevalence of most common mutations [CYP2C19*2 (681 G>A), CYP2C19*3 (636 G>A), CYP2C19*4 (1 A > G), CYP2C19*5 (1297 C>T), CYP2C19*6 (395 G>A), CYP2C19*8 (358T>C) and CYP2C19*9 (431 G>A)] of CYP2C19 gene were determined with use of TaqMan drug metabolism genotyping assay kit by real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in a Turkish population. For 100 subjects genotyped for CYP2C19 locus, the allele frequencies of CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 and CYP2C19*8 were 0.875, 0.105 0.015, and 0.005, respectively. Among them, 3% of subjects were predicted to be poor metabolizers. In this study with 100 subjects, CYP2C19*4, CYP2C19*5, CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*9 mutated alleles were not detected. Our results show that the frequencies of the common defective allelic variants of CYP2C19 in Turkish populations are similar to those reported for several other Turkish populations living in different geographic regions and some European Caucasian populations. In conclusion, this study results is important to provide guidance on the importance of conducting postmortem forensic examinations to elucidate the role of genetic variation in drug intoxicants. KEYWORDS CYP2C19; REAL TIME PCR; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM P 06-22 THE FREQUENCIES OF DEFECTIVE ALLELES OF CYP2C19 GENE IN A TURKISH POPULATION 500 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 06-23 IDENTIFICATION AND KINSHIP CASES OFCUKUROVA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE BETWEEN 2006-2013 Husniye Canan, Ayse Serin, Behnan Alper, Mete Korkut Gulmen Forensic Medicine Department, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey Cukurova University Medical Faculty, Department of Forensic Medicine is a center that accepts both the official and private identification and kinship cases. Between 2006-2013, a total of 551 identification and kinship (paternity- maternity, sibship, uncle-aunt or grandparents determination) cases were performed in our department. 551 cases were performed typing 1543 people. DNA was isolated from blood or buccal swabs by Chelex 100 or silica based DNA extraction kits. The PCR amplification was performed using identifiler kit 16 STR loci, according to manufacturer’s instructions. The amplified products were separated and detected using an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer. Applications were reviewed according to the status of application (private or court-ordered), identification or kinship cases, cities where the cases applied and the results of tests. Within the 551 cases, private applications were 125 (22.7%), official applications were 426 (77.3%). All applications were made from 17 different cities to our center. The number of applications for identification 42 (7.6%), for kinship cases 509 (92.4%). KEYWORDS PAT E R N I T Y; K I N S H I P A N A LY S I S ; IDENTIFICATION SEARCH FOR MARKERS OF HUMAN AGE WITH NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING (NGS) Joanna Kosinska1, Piotr Gasperowicz1, Renata ZbiecPiekarska2 , Magdalena Spolnicka2 , Zanetta Makowska2 , Piotr Stawinski1, Agnieszka Prochenka1, Agnieszka ParysProszek3 , Tomasz Kupiec3 , Rafał Płoski1 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland; 2Department of Biology, Central Forensic Laboratory of The Police, Warsaw, Poland; 3Section of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland KEYWORDS AGE PREDICTION MARKERS; NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING; DNA METHYLATION P 06-25 REPLICATION OF HEIGHT GWAS IN KOREAN POPULATION AND EVALUATION OF HEIGHT PREDICTION MODEL IMPLEMENTED WITH THE GENETIC MARKERS Ji Eun Lim, Bermseok Oh Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (South) Height is one of the classic complex traits and has been studied in various ways to explain the genetic architecture with common variants. Nineteen height genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been carried out from European, African and Asian population. In this study, we examined previously reported height-related SNPs in unrelated male Koreans (n=2, 841). The association of height was analysed by linear regression adjusted for age and recruitment area using PLINK. Twenty-four of the 99 501 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) P 06-24 Recent publications indicate that in humans a correlation exists between age and methylation level of certain genomic loci. Although the majority of data come from microarray studies allowing analysis of only a limited fraction of the genome, the published correlations appear strong enough for potential forensic use. Our aim was to search at the genomewide level for novel loci whose methylation correlates with age. We used Reduced Representation Bisulphite Sequencing (RRBS) together with NGS on an Illumina HiSeq 1500 platform. We analyzed 187 male individuals classified as young (<30 years) or elderly (>50 years). On average, for each sample, 20 mln reads of 100 bp were generated. 0.4% of cytosines (Cs) were filtered out due to the presence of SNPs influencing the methylation site. For each C covered in a given sample, the frequency of reads indicating methylation vs. all reads was generated. Using a criterion that a given C should be covered by min. 5 reads in min. 5 samples from each group in the final data set we had > 4.5 mln Cs in CpG, 8.6 mln Cs in CpHpG and 20.4 mln Cs in CpHpH (where H denotes a different base than C). So far we have focused analysis on CpG methylation. Using a Bonferroni correction, 4210 sites were significantly associated with age at P<0.05. An alternative approach based on FDR (false discovery rate) of 0.05 revealed 111 790 age related Cs. The presented data are the largest data set available for searching for age-related DNA methylation differences. WFF2014 height SNPs were replicated in Korean (P < 0.05). We also analysed the genomic prediction of human height in training (n=2, 741) and validation (n=100) sample. The height GWAS was carried out in training set to identify more SNP markers for improving prediction accuracy. Among 24 SNPs which replicated in Korean and 428 GWAS significant SNPs (P < 1*10-3), 244 SNPs were selected for prediction model. These SNPs explained 55% of the height variation in training samples and 56 individuals of 100 validation samples were predicted within errors ranged ± 4cm. In this study suggests that many more height SNP markers need to be identified to explain large amount of missing heritability and to implement height prediction model to use practically in forensic science area. KEYWORDS HEIGHT; GWAS; PREDICTION P 06-26 FORENSİC MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON SOIL SAMPLES IN ISTANBUL IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Huseyin Cakan, Filiz Ekim Cevik, Ayse Kaya Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey The crime scene investigation and the evidence obtained as a result of this investigation are of great importance for clarifying criminal cases. Hence, the importance of physical evidence for the solution of the events increases. One of the physical evidences is soil. Soil is a substance with a complex structure. Due to the complex structure of the soil, different analysis techniques and many devices can be used. Soil forming factors : climate (humidity, temperature), bedrock, topography, living organisms and time. These five factors affecting soil formation usually create different effects in different places, therefore the soil gains great diversity. Since the microbial distribution of soil is highly variable, we can benefit from microorganisms in identification of soil. Bacterial species in the soil can be used to determine their metabolic activities and to differentiate soil samples. Three microbiological groups of soil microorganisms make possible to determine the identity of soil and the similarities and differences between different soil samples. The comparison of fungi, bacteria, morphologies of actinomycetes colonies ensures the identification of the soil samples. Our study is a preliminary study regarding the resolution of criminal cases and it is planned to show the availability of microbiological evidences of soil for clarifying some events occurred in Istanbul and to ensure the modeling of the data obtained 502 from Istanbul and to assess the importance of identification of microorganisms in soil in terms of forensic science. For this purpose, the microbiological evaluations of soil samples taken from various districts in both continents of Istanbul have been performed. As a result of our study, the soil microorganisms obtained will be used in terms of forensic science is demonstrated. KEYWORDS FORENSİC; SOIL; MICROBIOLOGICAL P 06-28 USE OF MASS SPECTROMETER FOR FORENSIC GENETICS Hye-Young Lee1, Soojung Park1, Heewon Min1, YienKyoung Choi2 , Su-Jeong Park2 , Soong-Deok Lee1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (South); 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) For individual identification using genetic polymorphism, multiplex PCR for polymorphic STR has been set up as the golden standard till now. As STR loci show length polymorphism, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been routinely used to reveal these polymorphism. So called automatic sequencer is usually the machine for CE. CE using sequencer has some drawbacks too, which include long running time, hard of automation or discontinuation of upgrade for the sequencer after the introduction of new concept sequencing, so called NGS. Considering this, Mass spectrometer has some merits. Mass spectrometer measures the exact molecular weight of the target. For mass spectrometer application it is necessary to make target fly through the vacuumed space, which has not been easy for DNA fragment. With the help of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), this could be done more easily. Based on this system, we have been developing the assay system to analyze STRs for forensic purpose. Its short analysis time, exact reproducibility with increased resolution could be of help to complement CE system, especially for screening or DB construction purpose. KEYWORDS FORENSIC GENETICS; MASS SPECTROMETER; STR WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 P 06-29 IDENTIFICATION OF DISCORDANCE IN STR FGA LOCUS BETWEEN POWERPLEX16 AND POWERPLEX ESI PCR AMPLIFICATION KITS. Jan Schnitzer, Dana Kvitkova, Zbynek Dolejsi Department of genetics, Institute of Criminalistics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic In recent years all European forensic laboratories had to switch to the new multiplex PCR kits that include the new European Standard Set STR loci (ESS). Due to this transition, a lot of older reference samples have to be reanalyzed using the new ESS kits. The Czech database contains more than 80, 000 DNA profiles processed by PowePlex 16 System (Promega). In case of a match identified between a new sample and an older one, the reference sample is reanalyzed by the same PCR kit as the casework sample. By doing so, we detected a discordance in the STR FGA locus. If PowePlex 16 System is used (Promega), the 24.1 allele is found, whereas PowerPlex ESI 17 System detected the 24 allele. PowePlex ESX 17 System (Promega) and AmpFLSTR NGM (Applied Biosystems) also detect the 24.1 allele. The Czech database includes more than 100, 000 DNA profiles, approximately 300 of which contain the 24.1 allele in FGA marker. KEYWORDS DISCORDANCE; FGA MARKER; ESS P 06-30 HIGH-THROUGHPUT REAL-TIME PCR GENOTYPING ASSAY FOR THE FORENSIC DETECTION OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM In this study, we have aimed to investigate that whether the SNP in position 7025 of the coding region of mitochondrial DNA was also polymorphic in Turkish population similar to that of European population. In accordance with this purpose, we used Amplifluor® SNPs Genotyping System as 503 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Kadir Dastan1, Fatma Cavus1, Tolga Zorlu1, Gulten Rayimoglu1, Umut Kara1, Melek Ozlem Kolusayin1, Sule Beyhan Ozdas1, Emel Hulya Yukseloglu1 1 Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; 2The Ministry of Justice, The Council Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 4 Istanbul Bilim University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey a highly sensitive and homogeneous fluorescent assay (EMD Millipore, MA, USA, Cat. No : S7907) and determined significant results. It is know that SNPs are the most abundant DNA markers with an estimated frequency of 1 SNP in every 1000 bases. SNPs can occur in both coding and noncoding regions of the genome and can cause nonconservative amino acid changes or altered gene regulation. It is not always possible to obtain enough nuclear DNA sample for the analysis of the biological samples in the purpose of forensic evaluations. The polymorphic DNA found in the mitochondria matrix exists at least a hundred copies and it simplifies procedures for obtaining results. Where it is not possible to work with nuclear DNA, for example ancient bones, any degraded biological material, hair shaft, mtDNA gives sucessful results. The aim of this preliminary study was to standardize the method for the genotyping of the mtDNA and to obtain data for the mutations in Turkish population. The development of a one step, PCR-based, universal detection method, the Amplifluor® SNPs Genotyping System, simplifies high throughput analysis for the genotyping of SNPs. The Amplifluor® SNPs Genotyping System is a highly sensitive, homogeneous fluorescent assay. It can be adapted to virtually any sample that can be analyzed by allele-specific PCR. The 7025th SNP region of the mtDNA was genotyped with Bio-Rad Real-Time PCR instrument (Bio-Rad, USA, iCycler iQ™ Real-Time PCR Detection System, Cat. No : 170-8740) and the haplotypes were evaluated compared to standart end-point PCR results for understanding the applicability of Real-Time PCR in genotyping mtDNA for forensic purposes. The Internet-based program Amplifluor AssayArchitect™ (EMD Millipore, MA, USA) was used to determine an allelespecific forward PCR primer and a common reverse primer. Blood samples were collected from 10 unrelated individuals and mtDNA was extracted with a commercially available kit from Intron Biotechnologies, South Korea. (G-spin™ for blood, Genomic DNA Extraction Kit, Cat.No : 17111). The fluorescence detection was performed with ABI Prism Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems, USA, Cat. No : 7700). The target regions were amplified by means of Real-Time PCR instrument and the amplicons were genotyped by using an appropriate labelling for the universal Amplifluor fluoresence method. Even if our study group had consisted of 10 volunteers, we could have a successfull genotyping for 8 samples and compare the results with the current literature. After the current preliminary study, we have expanded our study with 200 additional samples which supported the initial results. WFF2014 This study is the first to introduce and show the applicability of using mitochondiral DNA with Amplifluor Genotyping Assay in literature. Our genotyping results are going to be presented separately in 20th World Meeting of the IAFS. KEYWORDS REAL-TIME PCR, PROFILLING; FORENSIC SCIENCES; GENOTYPING, MITOCHONDRIAL DNA P 06-31 MAXIMIZE INFORMATION FROM YOUR MIXTURE SAMPLES WITH THE POWERPLEX® FUSION 6C SYSTEM, A COMBINED AUTOSOMAL AND Y-STR MULTIPLEX IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Lotte Downey, Martin Ensenberger, Patricia Fulmer, Kristy Lenz, Dawn Rabbach, Cynthia Sprecher, Douglas Storts Genetic Identity, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, United States The PowerPlex® Fusion 6C System is a 6-color STR system for simultaneously amplifying 23 autosomal loci, three Y-STR loci, and Amelogenin. The required (Amelogenin, D18S51, FGA, D21S11, D8S1179, vWA, D13S317, D16S539, D7S820, TH01, D3S1358, D5S818, CSF1PO, D2S1338, D19S433, D1S1656, D12S391, D2S441, D10S1248, DYS391) and preferred (TPOX, D22S1045, SE33) expanded CODIS core loci are combined with Penta D, Penta E, DYS570, and DYS576 to give the system a discriminatory power (PI = 1.80 x 10-32) that is three orders of magnitude higher than other commercially available 6-color STR systems. With nine autosomal and DYS391 loci being less than 250bp, the additional genetic information obtained with this 27-locus STR system will be extremely useful for analyzing degraded samples, where even a partial profile would be informative. Additionally, the three Y-STR loci in this system will allow more confident determination of the number of male contributors in a complex mixture without the need for a separate Y-STR analysis, thus saving time and money. A short PCR cycling time of approximately 60 minutes and the ability to directly amplify single source samples from a variety of substrates will further improve the efficiency of your STR analysis. KEYWORDS MIXTURE; AUTOSOMAL AND Y STRS; FORENSIC DNA 504 P 06-32 THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FINGERPRINT POWDERS ON SUBSEQUENT DNA PROFILING Prisca Ng1, Xanthe Spindler1, Claude Roux1, Melanie Fraser2 , Chris Lennard3 , Peter Gunn1 1 Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, Australia; 2Forensics, Australian Federal Police, Canberra, Australia; 3National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia When DNA and fingermarks are found on a single piece of evidence, it is crucial to optimise the detection and analysis of both types of traces. The aim of this project was to determine if different fingerprint powders, commonly used by crime scene examiners in NSW and elsewhere will affect the (i) yield of DNA and (ii) quality of the genetic profile obtained. The effects of 7 powders on the quantity and quality of DNA from washed cells recovered from saliva and latent fingermarks were investigated using the PrepFilerTM Forensic DNA Kit, the Plexor® HY System and the ABI 7500 Real-Time PCR system. STR profiles were generated from selected samples, using the GlobalFilerTM PCR Amplification Kit, the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyser and Genemapper® ID-X software. Black magnetic and bichromatic powder led to the highest recoveries of DNA, followed by Opti-black and silver metallic powder. Silver magnetic, Greencharge fluoromagnetic and Black Emerald fluoromagnetic powders had the lowest yields of DNA. However most treated samples produced usable STR profiles, although off ladder peaks and exaggerated allelic imbalance were observed in some cases. This presentation will discuss these results and their implication for operational casework. KEYWORDS FINGERPRINT POWDERS; DNA PROFILING; DNA P 06-33 HYBRIDIZATION-MEDIATED LOCUS ENRICHMENT FOR STR ANALYSIS OF FRAGMENTED DNA Seon-Kyu Ham1, Se-Yong Kim2 , Jang-Won Ahn1, Bo Young Seo2 , Kwang-Man Woo2 , Cheol Yong Choi1, Seung-Hwan Lee2 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea (South); 2DNA Analysis Laboratory, Division of Forensic DNA, Supreme Prosecutors’ Office, Seoul, Korea (South) WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 DNA degradation is a major obstacle in gaining an accurate profile with standard DNA typing technology. Although alternative genotyping strategies such as mini-STRs and SNPs have proven to be more successful in profiling degraded DNA, these approaches also have limitations. Here we show that locus enrichment by hybridization of degraded genomic DNA with an STR locus-specific biotinylated oligonucleotide is a powerful approach to overcome problems in STR typing of highly degraded DNA. An experimental investigation of factors affecting the efficiency of this method indicates that the choice of primer and the molar ratio of primers to genomic DNA are critical factors in improving enrichment of the STR locus before genotyping with multiplex kits. In addition, we find that indirect capture rather than direct capture with magnetic beads yields a better enrichment efficiency for STR locus enrichments. Using these strategies, we demonstrate an improvement in STR typing of DNA from cultured cells damaged by exposure to sunlight or UV. We suggest that this approach could be applied to highly degraded forensic samples alone or in combination with mini-STRs. KEYWORDS DEGRADED DNA; STR LOCUS ENRICHMENT; HYBRIDIZATION P 06-34 FEASIBILITY OF NANO FILAMENT FIBERS FOR TRACE DNA EVIDENCE Sampling biological evidence is one of the most critical step in forensic DNA typing. Touch DNA samples were known to be difficult to analyse compared to bloodstain, semen stain and saliva stains. In this study, nano filament fiber was evaluated as a tool for collecting trace DNA samples by comparing other commercial swabs such as cotton swab, cotton gauze, flocked swab, isohelix swab. Diluted blood stains were prepared on porous and non-porous materials such as wood and glass plate, respectively. DNA quantity was analyzed by qPCR and compared. Nano filament fiber showed higher concentration of DNA compared to other tools such as cotton swab. This study showed the feasibility of KEYWORDS TRACE DNA EVIDENCE; NANO FILAMENT FIBER; SWAB P 06-35 DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME PCR METHOD FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE MOTTLED SKATE, BERINGRAJA PULCHRA In Kwan Hwang1,5 , Hae Yong Lee1, Min-Hee Kim2 , Hyun-Su Jo3,4 , Dong-Ho Choi1, Pil Won Kang1, Yang-Han Lee2 , NamSoo Cho2 , Ki-Won Park2 , Ho Zoon Chae5 1 DNA Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Seoul, Korea (South); 2Forensic DNA Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 3Fisheries Researchs and Environment Division, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Incheon, Korea (South); 4Dept. of Marine Science & Production, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Korea (South); 5School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea (South) The mottled skate, Raja pulchra is one of commercially important skates and a vulnerable species in Korea. The identification of R. pulchra is being increasingly required for proof of the crime related to food as this species. The mtDNA gene, cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) was analyzed and compared using MEGA5 with 157 species of skates and rays reported in NCBI GeneBank, 29 specimens of R. pulchra, and 27 different commercial samples. Finally, specific sequences of R. pulchra different from the other species were found and specific primers and Minor Groove Binding (MGB) Taqman prove based on it were designed. As a result, a Real Time-PCR method based on TaqMan technology has been developed for the identification of R. Pulchra. An average Threshold Cycle (Ct) value of 19.5 was obtained with R. pulchra DNA. However, (Ct) values of commercial 2 samples were 18.1 and 26.7 respectively and fluorescence signals of the other tested samples DNA were not detected or Ct values were considerably higher. These results reveal that the developed method is a rapid and efficient tool to identify R. pulchra and may aid in the prevention of fraud or mislabelling in skates products. KEYWORDS R A J A P U L C H R A ; C Y T O C H R O M E C OXIDASE I; REAL TIME-PCR METHOD 505 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Jong Keun Jung1, Mi Jung Kim1, Hee Yeon Park1, Sumin Lee1, Jeung-Ah Kwon2 , Sang Cheul Shin2 , Byung Won Chun2 , Si Keun Lim2 1 DNA analysis section, Department of Forensic Medicine, Busan institute, Yangsan 626-810, Korea (South); 2DNA analysis division, Department of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Service, Wonju 220-170, Korea (South) nano filament fiber as a novel tool for trace DNA analysis. WFF2014 P 06-36 VALIDATION OF EXTRACTION METHODS FOR HUMAN DNA FROM CIGARETTE BUTTS Paul Ryan Sales, Dorothy Emma Ferrer, Gayvelline Calacal, Jazelyn Salvador, Maria Corazon De Ungria DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of The Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Cigarette butts found in crime scenes are evidence that may be used to identify and link persons to a crime or a crime scene. Epithelial cells from saliva stains on cigarette butts contain DNA that may be used to generate the DNA profile of its source. Discarded cigarette butts found in many crime scenes are often exposed to contaminants which lead to DNA degradation. In this study, several factors were tested to compare the amount and quality of DNA obtained from cigarette butts extracted using an organic procedure and a commercially-available kit. Results show that exposure to an outside environment had a significant effect on DNA yield and amplifiability using both extraction procedures. Prolonged storage of cigarette butts of up to six months did not affect DNA quantity and quality provided that these samples were stored indoors under controlled temperature conditions and with minimal exposure to contaminants. KEYWORDS CIGARETTE BUTTS; DNA YIELD; DNA TYPING P 06-37 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) WEB-BASED SYSTEM FOR INTERPRETING AND SEARCHING MIXED DNA PROFILE Hyunchul Park1, Mi-Jin Kim1, Si-Keun Lim1, Kyungmyung Lee1, Sanghyun An1, Myun-Soo Han1, Won Kim2 1 Forensic DNA division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Korea (South); 2Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (South) The DNA profile analysis of crime evidence involves the mixed DNA profiles derived from different individuals. The study for interpretation of the mixed DNA profiles has been continually performed in forensic genetics, and many programs for DNA mixture analysis are developed with function of a calculator. However, since these programs do not have function as a database to search DNA profiles, most of the mixed DNA profiles analyzed from crime stains eventually remain as an unsolved case. In this study, we developed the web-based system called’forensic mixed 506 DNA database (FMDD)’ for search of mixed DNA profiles as well as the statistical interpretation for match of database. The FMDD can perform a search of suspect DNA profile against database of mixed DNA profiles and vice versa. Moreover, it calculates various probabilities such as random match probability (RMP), combined probability of exclusion / inclusion (CPE/CPI) and likelihood ratio (LR) like as other available analysis programs. The FMDD provides different statistical results according to options. The mixed DNA profiles obtained from single source calculate the likelihood ratio and random match probability. The combined probability of exclusion and inclusion can be calculated from the mixed DNA profiles of two or three persons. Furthermore, the likelihood ratio of DNA profiles analyzed from two persons can be computed as different statistical results by various options. KEYWORDS MIXED DNA PROFILE; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; DATABASE P 06-38 DNA PROFILING IN BLOOD, BUCCAL SWABS AND HAIR FOLLICLES OF PATIENTS TRANSPLANTATION Volkan Zeybek1, Guven Koyuncu2 , Yucel Arısoy3 , Selcan Zeybek4 1 Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Denizli, Turkey; 2Biology, Council of Forensic Medicine, İzmir, Turkey; 3 Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey; 4Department of Medical Genetics, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey Peripheral blood DNA profiles are often used in forensic identification and paternity/ kinship investigations. Studies were showed that, patients undergoing allo PBSCT (peripheral bone stem cell transplantation), and liver transplantation, chimerism developed in blood and some tissues and this chimerism was important to show posttransplant engrafment and to diagnose some of complications. Nowadays, due to the increasing number of patients who had undergone transplantation, questioning the story of transplantation has gained importance in forensic cases and buccal swab or hair follicles samples was raised rather than peripheral blood samples to get more accurate results in such cases. In this study, it is aimed to investigate availability of chimerism analysis of blood, hair follicles and buccal swab samples in forensic identification of stem cell and organ transplant patients. WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 Blood, hair follicle and buccal swab samples of five patients who were made alloPBSCT by Department of Hematology DEU (Dokuz Eylul University) and 35 patients who were made liver transplantation by Department of General Surgery DEU were analyzed as blind. After the isolation of samples DNA, specific short tandem repeats sequences were amplificated with PCR and then genotype was determined with capillary electrophoresis. DNA profiles were compared with patients who underwent allo-PBSCT in four blood samples, hair and buccal swab samples were completely different, there was no mixed chimerism. It was learned that one patient whose three examples were same had failure of engraftment and transmission repetition scheduled. It is showed that after successful allo PBSCT, DNA profiles of peripheral blood samples show donor chimerism, DNA profiles of buccal swab samples varies with time after transplantation, and DNA profiles of hair samples are fully recepients. There was no difference between each of the three samples DNA profiles of 35 liver transplant patients. This situation is connected to the absence of development of graft versus host disease. IDENTITY ESTABLISHING; CHIMERISM; TRANSPLANTATION KEYWORDS P 06-39 PCR IN 1 MICRO LITER FOR BUCCAL SWABS Pavla Coufalova, Zbynek Dolejsi Genetic, KUP, Prague, Czech Republic KEYWORDS BUCCAL; PCR; VOLUME COMBINED GENETIC AND MICRO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD DUST AS A DEFINITIVE TRACE IDENTIFIER OF A ROOM AND ITS OCCUPANTS Katherine Farash1, Hayley O’brien2 , Erin Hanson2 , Nicholas Petraco3 , Jack Ballantyne4 1 Forensic Science Graduate Program, Biochemistry Track, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 2National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States; 3Petraco Consulting, Massapequa Park, United States; 4Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States The ultimate goal of trace forensic evidence in a criminal investigation is to identify the people, places and things involved in the commission of the crime. The reality is that, with most types of non-biological trace evidence, association (however strong) rather than positive identification is a more likely outcome. A commonly found trace material that does not appear to be widely analyzed in operational crime labs at this time is household dust. This is unfortunate since the potential for identification rather than merely association with this type of evidence is a realistic possibility. Dust bunnies appear to be a unique entangled conglomeration of fibers containing a variety of inorganic and organic particulates from the immediate environment that are formed over a period of time due to air flow and that accumulate inside rooms (inside homes or the workplace), vehicles (e.g. trunk) or even in some outdoor locations. They can be transferred onto, for example, the clothing of a body that has been dragged across the floor prior to the body being taken away and deposited elsewhere. Thus, in principle, if one or more dust bunnies are found associated with a crime it should be possible to positively identify the room from which it originated. However, the probative value of the dust bunny would be enhanced not only if the room could be identified but also the habitual occupier of the room. This might be accomplished by sensitive DNA typing of the cellular material that is trapped inside the dust bunny (likely originating from the habitual occupier of the room). Therefore, in the current work, we sought to combine a micro-chemical and genetic analysis of household dust We genetically profiled dust bunny samples using two approaches : 1) organic extraction of whole dust bunny samples with standard and increased cycle number STR profiling and 2) “smart” analysis with the individual isolation of bio-particles present in the dust bunny samples using micro-manipulation and enhanced micro-volume direct-PCR 507 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) There are several labs in the Czech Republic doing regular DNA casework but there is only a single central lab for buccal swabs. It processes more than 22, 000 buccal swabs per year. Main work criteria with such workload are success rate and cost reduction. We do not use any quantification kit for buccal swabs. We have compared various types of collection kits – FTA and swabs, different isolation options. Our latest experiment was with different PCR volumes. Like most labs we started with half-volumes. Currently we are using a mix of 8µl of PCR and 1µl of sample, and this year we started to experiment with 1 µl of PCR in the mix. That is how we can process a great number of samples with minimum costs. P 06-40 WFF2014 STR profiling. Detectable amounts of human DNA were obtained in 73% (29/40) of the whole dust bunny samples evaluated. While admixed DNA profiles were observed in numerous whole dust bunny samples, highly probative single source DNA profiles (random match probabilities >106) were recovered in ~25% of the samples. The use of enhanced micro-manipulation collection techniques and direct microvolume DNA profiling from individually isolated bioparticles recovered from within the dust bunnies resulted in mainly single source DNA profiles, with multiple donors identified in some specimens With a successful detection and STR profiling of human DNA in dust bunny samples, we continued our analysis with a concomitant microscopical characterization of organic and inorganic material from household dust to uniquely characterize the room of origin and its occupants. The results of this initial work confirm the presence of human DNA in household dust specimens (’dust bunnies’) that is of sufficient quantity and quality for DNA-STR analysis. This further demonstrates the probative value of this underused class of evidence. and stains were typed at 20 autosomal short tandem repeat loci using PowerPlex® 21 System. We analyzed the resulting electropherograms through a semi-quantitative binary model and a fully continuous model. Likelihood ratios were calculated using a Philippine population database. We report here that the use of a binary model ignores a lot of profile information and may be biased in favor of the prosecution by invoking the 2p rule for potentially dropped-out alleles. A fully continuous approach, on the other hand, models stutters, degradation, heterozygous peak imbalance, and drop-out that likely complicate the interpretation of mixed DNA profiles. This model utilizes Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) chains to determine realistic combinations of genotypes and parameters. Our observations with casework type samples highlight the importance of adopting a fully continuous approach to mixture interpretation in forensic DNA laboratories in the Philippines and elsewhere. KEYWORDS HOUSEHOLD DUST; DUST BUNNY; MICROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS P 06-42 KEYWORDS SEXUAL ASSAULT EVIDENCE; MIXTURE INTERPRETATION; CONTINUOUS MODELS FORENSIC DNA DEPARTMENT EXPERTISE IN CIVILIAN AND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS IN JEDDAH: A 5-YEARS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY P 06-41 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) DNA EVIDENCE INTERPRETATION FOR SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES IN THE PHILIPPINES: ADOPTING A CONTINUOUS MODEL FOR MIXTURE ANALYSIS Jae Joseph Russell Rodriguez1, Jo-Anne Bright3 , Jazelyn Salvador1, Rita Laude2 , Maria Corazon De Ungria1 1 DNA Analysis Laboratory, Natural Sciences Research Institute, University of The Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; 2Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of The Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines; 3ESR Ltd, Mt Albert Science Centre, Auckland, New Zealand DNA mixtures are often encountered in sexual assault investigations and would require statistical interpretation to identify likely contributors. In the Philippines, where reports of rape continue to increase, there is the absence of national guidelines for the proper interpretation of DNA evidence to aid in the conviction of the real perpetrators of the crime. To guide future recommendations addressing the issue, we conducted mixture interpretation on simulated casework samples using two different statistical models. Male/female and male/male DNA from post-coital swabs 508 Khalid Yousef Mattar1, Mamdouh Kamal Zaki1 1 Head of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Evidence Administration, Ministry of Interior , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Senior Forensic Medical Examiner, Jeddah Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Jeddah Forensic DNA Department played a priceless role during the past decades in solving thousands of civilian and criminal cases, as well as disaster victim identification. The department is related administratively to the Ministry of Interior “MOI” and is represented by the Administration of Criminal Evidences “ACE”, and assessed by the General Directorate of Public Security in MOI. It performed analysis for trace evidences recovered from the crime scene, or the assailant’s or victim’s swabs, cloths and belongings, as well as analysis of a vast number of civilian cases such as parentage testing. Individual reports of such cases are exchanged in secrecy between this administration and forensic medical experts in MOH, to finalize reports independently or in a shared committee including both parties. The department is the only laboratory having DNA database for analysis of genetic fingerprinting for criminology in Jeddah. DNA fingerprints analyses are held WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 electronically. The aim of the current study was to evaluate Jeddah Forensic DNA Department mission in managing both civilian and criminal cases in the governorate, as well as providing the exceptional accuracy at the service of justice. A retrospective study was performed on the available data concerning the work load in the department in the past five years, till now, which reached 21.000 DNA analyses per annum for approximately 1400 cases. The study included descriptive analysis of the different processes including types of materials examined, methods of extraction, DNA extraction, amplification and typing and the updated technologies provided nowadays and fortunately available for our personnel and teams. Methodologies, policies and procedures will be described in details. KEYWORDS FORENSIC DNA; DNA-FINGERPRINTING; CIVILIAN & CRIMINAL P 06-44 EVALUATION OF THE FALSE POSITIVE RATES ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAYS FOR SEMINAL FLUID PROTEIN DETECTION IN SAMPLES CONTAINING FEMALE VAGINAL SECRETIONS Heather Mazzanti1, Bethany Kleiser3 , Jillian Fesolovich2 , Christian Westring2 1 Forensic Science, Arcadia University/The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education, Willow Grove, United States; 2 Criminalistics, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, United States; 3 Forensic Science, Arcadia University, Glenside, United States KEYWORDS S E R O L O G Y; P R O S TAT E S P E C I F I C ANTIGEN; SEMENOGELIN P 06-45 VARIABILITY OF SE33 LOCUS IN 2 MEDITERRANEAN POPULATIONS Angelo La Marca1, Anna Barbaro1, Patrizia Cormaci1, Marisa Cassar2 , J.c. Grech2 1 Forensic Genetics, Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi 509 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Prostate specific antigen (PSA), also known as p30, is a protein present in high concentrations of 0.5 to 2.0 mg/ml in seminal fluid and is currently used as a marker for the detection of seminal fluid in forensic samples. It is produced, amongst other places, in the cells that line the ducts of the prostate. However, it can also be found in the paraurethral glands, perianal glands, apocrine sweat glands and mammary glands; therefore, it is present in small quantities in urine, feces, sweat, and breast milk. PSA can also be found in lower concentrations in female vaginal fluid. The presence of this protein marker in females is attributed to the Skene’s gland, which is homologous to the prostate gland found in males. Another protein marker used for the forensic detection of semen is semenogelin. This protein is produced in large quantities by the glandular epithelium of the seminal vesicles. Lower levels of semenogelin can also be found in other tissues such as skeletal muscle and kidney, however, unlike PSA, this protein is not believed to be present in female vaginal secretions. This research assessed the presence of these proteins in female vaginal fluid samples known to be free of seminal fluid and determined their ability to produce false positive results for two different commercially available immunochromatographic assays. These results were correlated to the quantity of PSA present in the samples as determined via analysis with ELISA as well as to different environmental factors such as the use of hormonal contraceptives and hormonal fluctuations due to the menstrual cycle. Twelve volunteers were asked to abstain from unprotected sexual intercourse during the duration of the study. Participants collected a vaginal swab on a weekly basis for 3 months. For each collection participants recorded the time of their menstrual cycle; what, if any, hormonal contraceptives were being used; and the time since last orgasm. All swabs were extracted and analyzed using two different commercially available immunochromatographic assays, one specific for PSA and one for semenogelin, and underwent a quantification determination for PSA using ELISA. Any samples producing a positive result for either PSA or semenogelin were confirmed spermatozoa free following microscopic examination. An overall false positive rate of just over 5% was observed, with more samples producing a positive reaction for semenogelin than PSA. Interestingly, there was no correlation between the quantity of PSA and ability to produce a false positive on the immunochromatographic assay for PSA, as all quantitative values were below the reported sensitivity of the immunochromatographic assay used. Therefore, it is likely these positive results were due to true false positive reactions rather than a specific PSA binding event. This research will assist forensic investigators in determining a confidence level associated with positive results obtained for PSA and semenogelin from immunochromatographic assays. WFF2014 (SIMEF), Reggio Calabria, Italy; 2Forensic Genetics, MLS BioDNA, Malta The SE33 (ACTP2—human actin beta-actin-related pseudogene H-beta-Ac-psi-2) is one of the most informative STR systems for biological identification. Allele frequencies of SE33 were calculated from a population sample from Calabria in Southern Italy using the AmpFlSTR NGM SElect™ PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems) and another population sample from the Maltese Islands using PowerPlex ESI 17 (Promega). Allelic frequencies and statistical parameters of forensic interest (Dp : power of discrimination, PE : power of exclusion, RMP : random matching probability, etc.) were calculated using PowerStats v.1.2 software. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and other population parameters were calculated using Arlequin software v.3.1 and TFPGA v1.3. A total of 41 different alleles were observed in the 2 examined populations with no allele being more frequent than 10, 5%. Some intermediate were found in both populations; No significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were found. Allelic frequencies of SE33 were compared to previously published population data and no significant differences were found. Results demonstrate the locus is highly polymorphic and useful for forensic identification, it should be routinely added to the set of STRs loci commonly studied in caseworks and in paternity cases. KEYWORDS SE33; CALABRIA; MALTA P 06-46 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) DNA PROFILES DETECTION IN SALIVA MIXTURES AFTER KISSING Angelo La Marca, Anna Barbaro, Patrizia Cormaci, Stefano Votano Forensic Genetics, Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi (SIMEF), Reggio Calabria, Italy In the present study we evaluated the persistence of saliva traces after kissing and the ability to obtain reliable genetic profiles. In particular 10 pairs (male/female) were asked to give each other a kiss on lips, a kiss on the female forehead and an intensive french kiss for 2’ Volunteers have been tested in a specific time range (5-60’) to verify the difference in the recovery of saliva/DNA. 510 The presence of saliva has been confirmed with an immunochromatographic strip test for the forensic detection of saliva (RSID™-Saliva). In order to detect the male component in the mixtures, extracted DNA samples were quantified in Real-Time by the Quantifiler Duo Human DNA Quantification kit. DNA amplification has bee performed by AmpFLSTR NGM SElect™ kit and amplified samples analyzed by capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer. Per each couple was assessed the quantity/quality of extracted DNA, the persistence of male DNA in the mixed saliva samples, the quality/reproducibility of STRs profiles obtained. Our results show foreign DNA tends to persist for a variable restricted time after kissing. KEYWORDS SALIVA; DNA; MIXTURE P 06-47 APPLICATION OF ACCUID® (SNP BASED RESEQUENCING ARRAY) IN FAMILIAL IDENTIFICATION Jong Eun Lee, Hyung Jin Yu, Ji Sung Han, Yoon Soo Kim DNA Link, Inc., Seoul, Korea (South) Since the discovery of DNA profiling and DNA fingerprinting, human identification technology has gradually improved to the current widespread method of analyzing Short Tandem Repeat (STR) markers. Despite the high accuracy and advanced analysis methods of STR, confirming familial relationships is still impeded by the possibility of false positives due to the high rate of genetic mutations along with the hardship of genotyping degraded DNA samples. In general, the degree of familial identification of the STR method is often limited up to full-sibling relation. In order to overcome such limitations, new analysis technique that utilize single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been developed. DNA Link’s AccuID®, a SNP based personal identification system, combines Affymetrix resequencing array technology and multiplexing PCR technology to genotype hundreds of SNP markers in a single experiment. It consists of markers for SNPs that are ideal for human identification as well as sex determination. Specifically, the system provides the genotyping of 169 human identification markers and 12 Y-chromosome sex markers in a single experiment run with miniscule amount of DNA. To test the effectiveness of AccuID in analyzing familial relationships, various types of relations, such as parent-child, half-sibling, WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 and motherless cases, have been evaluated. Furthermore, DNA from bones of over 50 years old were analyzed as well to test how effectively AccuID performs against degraded DNA samples. Successful matching results with high likelihood ratio were produced in both normal and degraded samples, indicating AccuID’s ability to identify a wide range of familial relations far beyond that of full-sibling. KEYWORDS DNA LINK; ACCUID; SNP one side of Cavernous nerve) and group C (abscised with both sides of Cavernous nerve) exhibited statistical difference with group A (Sham operated group) on indices of SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, NO, eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p22phox. The result indicates that apart from nerve injury, oxidative stress of corpus cavernosum tissue and NADPH oxidase related Corpus cavernosum endothelial damage are also major triggers for neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction of rats. KEYWORDS NEUROGENIC ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NADPH OXIDASE POSTER PRESENTATION 07 CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE (CFM) P 07-2 P 07-1 CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILD SEXUAL OFFENDERS; A SERIES FROM TURKEY OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS IN CORPUS CAVERNOSUM TISSUE OF NEUROGENIC ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION RATS Hanjian Shen Clinical Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China Child sexual offenders are not sufficiently assessed in terms of social and medical characteristics. Furthermore, cases in which child offenders involved are underreported and might be neglected. Here, we aim to evaluate general characteristics of a series of child sexual offenders. The records and reports issued by social workers regarding child sexual offenders were retrospectively evaluated. These reports were relatively the most complete documents including socio-demographic and psycho-social data regarding offenders. A total of 48 child sexual offenders were included in the study and investigated in terms of sociodemographic and psycho-social characteristics. All of cases were male and their ages ranged between 12 and 17 years. of these, 50% were students at any grade. Five cases were living in social service facilities. Two cases were incest. Three offenders were accused with repeated sexual crimes. Out of assault cases 20 (41.7%) were anal penetration. of cases, 19 were cigarette smoker, 4 were drug abuser. The families of 12 (25%) cases suffered from low socio-economic status, and 23 (47.9%) were broken families. According to social workers 47 cases had criminal responsibility based on their psychosocial development. Out of all, 7 cases suffered from impulse control disorder and 1 from mental retardation. Twelve cases were reported to need consulting and social support services. Regarding victims of sexual assaults 20 (41.7%) were male, while 28 (58.3%) were female. In conclusion, the rate of offenders with interrupted education 511 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Objective : The topic of this research is on what impact the cavernous nerve damage caused neurogenic erectile dysfunction may exert on oxidative stress status of rats’ corpus cavernosum tissue and erectile function of rats. Methods : Choose 60 male SD rats and divide them into 3 categories : group A is Sham operated group; the rats in group B have been abscised with one side of cavernous nerve; the mice in group C have been abscised with both sides of cavernous nerve. 8 weeks after surgery, rats will be executed after their Erectile function test. Then Corpus cavernosum tissues will be obtained, then the level of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO), vitality of Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-PX) and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS), and expression of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p22phox will be measured. Results SOD level and vitality of GSH-PX in group B and C are lower, while level of MDA are higher, than those in group A – Shamed operated group. Also, the level of NO and vitality of eNOS in group B and C are lower than group A, but expression of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p22phox are several times higher than those of Shamed operat group. Conclusion : Through measuring some relevant chemical indices of oxidative stress reaction in rats’ Corpus cavernosum tissue, we identified that group B (abscised with M.mustafa Arslan1, Dua Sumeyra Demirkiran1, Ramazan Akcan2 , Cem Zeren1 1 Forensic Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey; 2 Forensic Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey WFF2014 was higher. Interestingly the number of male victims and the frequency of cases involving anal penetration were high. Broken and scattered family was important as a risk factor for this population. KEYWORDS ASSAULT; CHILDHOOD; ANAL PENETRATION P 07-3 STUDY ON THE POST-MORTEM INTERVAL (PMI) CALCULATION METHOD BASED ON THE BLOOD MOISTURE EVAPORATION MASS CHANGE Yong-Soo Mun Dept. of Crime Scene Investigation Team, Ansan-Danwon Police Station, Ansan-Danwon City, Korea (South) Murder site is bloody. With the passing of time, the mass of the blood decreases due to moisture evaporation, and a simple assumption has been established that the time of the blood spilling can be determined when the mass decrease is converted to time. Analysis conducted to verify this hypothesis revealed that the mass of the blood decreased at an even hourly rate. The blood from the victims, is used as the observation subject for the determination of the post-mortem interval rather than the corpse. When a murder case site is bloody, the blood is exposed to the site floor or remains in the bodies is that the amount of time the blood has been exposed to the atmosphere can be determined by measuring the mass of the blood at the time of site discovery. IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) The Following analysis are necessary to support This hypothesis 1 . Test of Mass Change pattern due to blood Moisture Evaporation 2. Test of the mass ratio between the moisture in the blood and the residue 3. Observation test of the moisture evaporation blood surface This study focused on site blood as the subject of observation for post-mortem interval determination rather than the corpse. Although blood is not found in all murder crime scenes, approximately 60% of all murder cases that Police Agency handled in the past three years have involved bloody sites. When blood exposed outside the body in a bloody murder site is exposed to the air, moisture evaporation occurs and the blood mass decreases. A hypothesis was established that the post-mortem interval may be determined by measuring the mass decrease. Analysis conducted to verify this hypothesis revealed that the mass of the blood decreased at an even hourly rate, and the average mass of the residue after moisture evaporation of the 512 blood was 2.4%. In addition, the mass can be determined as the evaporated moisture ratio to calculate the post-mortem interval. To assess the accuracy of the blood moisture evaporation post-mortem interval determination method, a spline nonlinear regression equation using statistics function was redundantly applied for 30 virtual cases to calculate the postmortem interval. The accuracy of the method was verified in this manner, and the maximum and minimum error times and compensation values according to the correction value ranges, which is the ratio of the mass of the blood measured at the site to the total blood mass, were calculated and presented. Although this post-mortem interval determination method based on the moisture amount change in exposed blood has the limitation that it can only be applied to bloody sites, this study is the first of its kind and has no precedent in the literature. This method has high applicability for scenes where effective blood can be collected, and this research has sufficient potential for advancement, such as the future development of blood moisture evaporation equipment. KEYWORDS POST-MORTEM INTERVAL (PMI); BLOOD; EVAPORATION P 07-4 MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES OF TRAUMATIC SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND MULTIFOCAL ELECTRORETINOGRAMS Liu Ruijue, Yu Xiaoying, Wang Meng, Zhou Shu, Chen Jiemin, Xia Wentao Department of Clinic Forensic Medicine, Institude of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.r.china, Shanghai, China Purpose : To investigate the changes of traumatic submacular hemorrhage in 4 patients, followed up with multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods : 4 eyes of 4 patients who were noted after direct trauma and suffered from traumatic submacular hemorrhage were followed with ophthalmic examination, OCT, mfERG etc. The latencies and average response densities of all the six ring retinal regions of mfERG were measured and compared after 1month and after 3months. Results : The latencies of the N1 and P1 waves in all the six rings of mfERG remained unchanged. Significant increase of average response densities of P1 in ring 1, ring 2 and ring 3 WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 (P<0.01) were detected at 3 months after trauma comparing with the initial tests. The peaks of the retinal response density had not recovered in the macular area of the mfERG topography after three months. The OCT results revealed OCT image through the central fovea showing an elevated lesion in the outer retina 20 days to 1 month after trauma and that the elevated lesion has become flattened after 3months.A defect of the ISe line of the photo receptors is obvious in the area of the hemorrhage. Conclusion : mfERG and OCT can show objective functional and morphological changes respectively, it is reasonable to evaluate visual function of traumatic submacular hemorrhage after 3months of trauma in forensic identification. KEYWORDS T R A U M AT I C S U B M A C U L A R HEMORRHAGE; MFERG; OCT P 07-5 WHICH DEATHS COULD BE PREVENTED AND HOW? AN ANALYSIS OF AUTOPSY REPORTS OF DEATHS ASSOCIATED WITH TRAUMA. Mehmet Toygar1, Yusuf Emrah Eyi2 , Kenan Karbeyaz3 , Umit Kaldirim2 , Salim Kemal Tuncer2 , Murat Durusu2 1 Emergency Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 2Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Forensic Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey KEYWORDS T R A U M A ; P R E V E N TA B L E D E AT H ; AUTOPSY P 07-6 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR DNA DECONTAMINATION OF CLINICAL FORENSIC EXAMINATION SUITES AND EQUIPMENT John Gall1,2,3 1 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; 2Victorian Forensic Paediatric Medical Service, Royal Children’s Hospital and Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia; 3Era Health, Southern Medical Services, Melbourne, Australia DNA fingerprinting is becoming increasingly sensitive. To minimise the risk of unintentional contamination of specimens collected, the clinical forensic practitioner must implement appropriate cleaning and DNA decontamination of clinical examination areas and of the equipment used during any examination. Mindful that cleaning, sterilisation and DNA decontamination are each different processes, a generic DNA decontamination process is proposed that is applicable across jurisdictions and in both dedicated and nondedicated forensic clinical examination suites. This process is based on the understanding that, in the clinical setting, DNA contamination may only be minimised, not eliminated. There are four basic elements to the process : cleaning, selection of disposables, protection of permanent clinical equipment, and limiting contamination from the examiner. Cleaning should be undertaken on a regular basis and also after each forensic examination. The cleaning should be undertaken by cleaners wearing gloves and a clean gown so as not to transfer DNA from other parts of the facility to the examination room. Preferably, the cleaning equipment (e.g. mops, cloths, etc) should be dedicated to the forensic facility and not used elsewhere. Before using, all cleaning equipment itself should be thoroughly cleaned. Removal of soiled materials and refuse from examination suites is essential and either clean linen or new disposable bed, pillow and other covers used for each examination. It is suggested that if an appropriate technique is used to collect forensic 513 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Introduction : This study aimed to research the rate of preventable deaths and medical errors according to autopsy reports as an indicator of trauma care quality in traumatic deaths. Methods : Traumatic autopsy reports from 2011 and 2012 in Eskişehir, Turkey, were retrospectively examined. Demographic data of the cases, injury type, injury mechanism, injury location, ISS values, cause of death and place of death were recorded. All the deaths were separated into 3 groups of preventable deaths, potentially preventable deaths and non-preventable deaths. Results : A total of 386 traumatic autopsy reports were examined in the study period. 81.9% (n=316) of cases were observed to have suffered blunt injury and 18.1% (n=70) penetrating injury. Death occurred at the scene of the trauma in 56.7% (n=219) of cases, prehospital in 11.7% (n=45) and at hospital in 31.6% (n=122). In the preventability analysis, it was decided that 4.1% (n=16) of cases had the properties of being preventable, 14.5% (n=56) potentially preventable and 81.3% (n=314) non-preventable. Suboptimal care was determined in 65.3% (n=47) and delayed intervention in 58.3% (n=42) of the total cases. Conclusion : High rates of preventable deaths in the pre-hospital period, in cases of penetrating injuries and particularly in cases of chest trauma were evaluated as noteworthy findings. WFF2014 specimens, and it is ensured that these specimens never come directly into contact with any other object or surface, and are promptly collected and sealed in the appropriate receptacle, then the need to have DNA-free surfaces is reduced, if not eliminated. The surfaces to be used to open and rest specimen collection equipment should be wiped down with a suitable solution. The choice of this solution will be based upon how free of DNA that surface needs to be. There may be a choice between either a 70% alcohol solution or a bleach solution. The selection of disposables (e.g. swabs, microscope slides, speculae, gloves, plastic equipment covers/protectors) need careful consideration. If the disposables are to be DNA-free, and all disposables used for specimen collection must be, then certified DNA-free disposables must be used. Sterilised disposables are not necessarily DNA-free and this includes the gloves worn by the examiner. Radiation (UV, beta and gamma), ethylene oxide and sodium hypochlorite will denature DNA but the process for doing so requires a longer process than that used for sterilisation or general cleaning. Equipment such as colposcopes and cameras used during the examination should have the surfaces touched by the examiner covered by DNA-free plastic disposable protective covers or sheets. Protecting the examiner from contaminating specimens either with their own DNA or extraneous DNA is essential within the limitations of appropriate patient management, particularly in the case of young children. The wearing of a clean surgical gown and gloves are minimal. The use of face masks and hair and beard covers is less clear but recommended. KEYWORDS DNA DECONTAMINATION; CLINICAL MEDICINE; FORENSIC IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) P 07-7 FORENSIC IMPACT OF ACCIDENTAL FIREARMS DEATH DURING JORDANIAN AND SOCIAL SOCIETY CELEBRATION Imad (emad) Al-Abdallat Forensic Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan Objective : This study aims to shed light on a very disturbing phenomenon which threatens the peace and security of the whole community in Jordan - the phenomenon of accidental firearms deaths occurring during celebrations. The study highlights the forensic and social impact of such deaths within the capital Amman, and their contribution within 514 firearms deaths generally in the country. Method : Over a six year period (2008-2013), 116 Cases were obtained from the archives of three hospitals JUH, prince Hamza Hospital, prince Fisal Hospital Biological specimens from these victims were collected. Toxicology screens for psychoactive drugs and alcohol were conducted on these specimens and the results were analyzed according to age, sex, and victim’s status. KEYWORDS : FIREARMS; FATALITIES; ACCIDENT P 07-8 PATIENT’S KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES ON INFORMED CONSENT IN MEDICAL PRACTICE Nirmala Perera1, Paranirubasingam Paranitharan1, Priyanjith Perera1, D. C. G. a Weerasingha1, Sanjaya Hulathduwa2 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ragama, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardenepure, Sri Lanka Introduction : Informed consent renders doctors’ interference with patients’ bodies legal. It also facilitates the patients’ decisions by making information regarding examination, investigation, and treatment procedures, risks and complications involved and alternative options to the proposed treatment regime etc. available to them before they decide to take the plunge. Thus, it empowers patients by making them partners of therapeutic decision making and upholds the all important principle of autonomy. However, the effort to make this theory into practice may have been hampered by the fact that most of the patients are not aware of the significance of this concept in underpinning their autonomy. Therefore, it would be wise for the doctors to know what their patients think about’informed consent’ in order it to be more effective as a essential tool in safeguarding patients’ autonomy and not to treat it as mere license to interfere with their bodies. Objective : To determine the patients’ knowledge and practices on informed consent in medical practice Methodology : Cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among 200 patients. Interviewer administered questionnaire was introduced to randomly selected inward adult patients. Results : Out of 200 patients, 44.5% were in age range of 1840 years, 13% had higher education. 85% and 2% had only secondary and primary education respectively. 95% were WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 aware on the concept of obtaining “consent” before medical procedures and 49% knew that they were able to revoke their consent at any time. 43% didn’t understand the procedure but signed the consent form. 26% signed the document without reading it. 59.5% signed the consent form not because they understood it but because they trusted their doctors. 98% of them discussed with family members before giving consent. Conclusions : Almost a half of the patients (43%) in this study signed the consent form without understanding it, probably because they trusted their doctors or they were too scared to question the doctor or both. It is primarily the patients’ responsibility not to consent if they do not understand but it is the doctors’ responsibility to make sure that their patients understands before they consent. It also shows that the majority (59.5%) still cherish the good old paternalistic medicine as they signed the consent form purely on the trust of their doctors. Almost all of them (98%) were true to the importance given to the family in Asian cultures as they discussed with their family before consent. Finally, this study shows us that the patients need to be educated about their own rights while appreciating the fact that the difference in culture makes patients from different countries to react differently even to universally accepted ethical concepts. KEYWORDS CONSENT; KNOWLEDGE; MEDICAL PRACTICE P 07-9 ACCIDENTAL GENITAL TRAUMA IN THE FEMALE CHILDREN IN JORDAN AND THE ROLE OF FORENSIC MEDICINE Objectives : To evaluate the frequency and the nature of genital trauma in female children in Jordan, and to stress the role of forensics Methods : This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2008 and December 2011 in Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan. Sixty-three female children were examined for genital trauma after immediate admission. The age of the female children ranged from 6 months to 14 years old and the average was 5.7 years old. The majority of the injuries resulted from activities inside the home of the caregivers while playing and ranging from falling on the edge of a bed, bathtub, and fell from the stairs. KEYWORDS ACCIDENTAL; GENITAL; TRUMA P 07-10 TEACHING TRAINING OF MEDICS IN SEXUAL ASSAULT FORENSIC EXAMINATION, REPORTING AND MULTI-DISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT IN SRI LANKA Anuruddhi Edirisinghe, Indira Kitulwatte Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka Sexual assault has been criminalized all over the world for many centuries. But, recognized as a public health issue few decades ago where multi-disciplinary approach has to be adapted if to manage the problem successfully. Traditionally sexually assaulted victims as well as the victims of gender based violence reported to law enforcement though referred to a medical doctor for forensic purposes, attending to health care needs have not been highlighted in Sri Lanka. Medical curricula also followed the same where sexual assault and gender based violence were topic of forensic medicine where management was limited to a compartmentalized referral system while preventive aspect was hardly touched. Having identified the need of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of the sexually abused, professional collages started to develop examining and management guidelines while university academics brought changes to the medical curricula to improve the medical management in Sri Lanka. Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, underwent a complete revision of the Gender based violence teaching, where the forensic aspects, understanding gender dimensions and it’s effects in health care setting and health response in management and prevention are now taught. Sexual violence teaching curricular also changed to add the multidisciplinary approach in the management and the clinical teaching consisted of introducing national guideline to the undergraduate. While the existing undergraduate curricular underwent a revision, the authors developed a student selected component titled Forensic Examination, reporting and multi-disciplinary management of the sexually abused where a fourth year undergraduate is offered extra 30 student contact hours in this particular area. Further, an assessment consists of MCQs, OSPEs and OSCE leading to a certificate of successful 515 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Imad Al-Abdallat Forensic Medicine and Pathology, The University of Jordan, Faculty of Medicine, Amman, Jordan Children were examined for genital trauma after immediate admission. The mechanism of injury was categorized and reported by the examiners as either straddle, non-straddle blunt, or penetrating WFF2014 completion on those who obtain a C pass or above will be held. An examination suite of international standard was developed to facilitate the sexual assault teaching training for undergraduate and postgraduate education. SAFE teaching training center Ragama not only offers teaching and training for medical doctors in the same faculty, but plans to offer to other Sri Lankan medical faculties as well as the region. The center also plans to conduct workshops with practical components to other professionals in the criminal justice system such as lawyers, officers from the probation and child care and police officers as short training workshops. KEYWORDS T E A C H I N G T R A I N I N G ; F O R E N S I C EXAMINATION; SEXUAL ASSAULT P 07-11 EVALUATION OF BURN CASES IN FORENSIC MEDICINE IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) Cuneyt Cenger1, Suleyman Bademler2 , Yuksel Yazıcı3 , Suheyla Aliustaoglu3 , Muhammed Zubeyir Ucuncu2 , Atiye Sozen1, Haluk Ince1 1 Department of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Istanbul Univeristy Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Forensic Medicine, Council of Justice Ministry, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction : Injuries due to burn are the injuries that require intensive medical care at hospital level. Patients facing such life-threatening incidents mostly pass away at the end of these processes. Objective : The aim of our study was to introduce the criteria effecting the deaths due to burn traumas and to categorize them according to their vital risks. Materials and Method : At the Department of Emergency Surgery of Istanbul Medical Faculty, we examined 284 cases that were under treatment at burn intensive care units between the years 2004 and 2010 in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, burn criteria and treatment problems. Sociodemographic characteristics and factors that influence each patient’s outcome were analyzed with mean% ratio and chi-square test; moreover, the impact of patients’ features on outcomes were presented statistically. Results : In our study, 209 (73.6%) were males, 75 (26.4%) were females. We found that the mean age was 19.95 20.38 years, the mean burn percentage was 33.18 23.82%, the mean length of stay at hospital was 15.95 15.3 days. Among 516 the reasons of burn, hot water burn ranks first with 123 cases (43.3%), followed by fire burn and electricity burn, respectively. of the cases, 68.3% (n=194) had 1st and 2nd degree burn; 25.7% (n=73) of them had 2rd and 3rd degree burn. While 151 of cases (53.2%) were discharged from hospital with improved condition, 113 (39.8%) died during their treatment period. We found that 79.6% (n=90) of the cases, who died during their treatment period, were males and 67.1% (n=49) had 2nd and 3rd degree burn. Children group accounted for 54.1% (n=153) of all cases. There was a statistical difference found between children and adult groups in that less number of deaths occurred as a result in children group, comparing to adult group (p<0, 005). Also, we found a statistical significance between the children and adult groups in that 81.7% (n=125) of children group were with 1st and 2nd degree burn and 53.1% of adult group (n=69) were with 1st and 2nd degree burn (p<0, 000). We found that 88.4% of cases with more than 20% of 2nd and 3rd degree burn and 75% of them aged 65 and older died during their treatment period. We determined that all of the cases with burn percentage of 65% or over died. Discussion : Burn is a trauma, which threatens burned person’s life and results in death. It was reported that 20% of burn cases were treated by being admitted to the hospital. The patient’s age, burn percentage and degree of burn are most significant factors that affect mortality and morbidity in burns. KEYWORDS BURN; INJURIES; ISTANBUL P 07-13 SEXUAL ASSAULTS AND MEDICAL APPROACH Kenan Kaya, Mete Korkut Gulmen, Ebubekir Burak Celik, Ahmet Hilal, Necmi Cekin Department of Forensic Medicine, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey Sexual abuse can be accompanied with physical force, threatening, horrifying, drugging and / or misuse of the consents such as the unable ones to give consent because of their underage and / or mental disease. It is a major problem in all over the world as well as our country. The sexual abuse cases have always multiple dimensions, such as the point of view of the expertise system, legal approaches, medical and social handling of the cases, statements and interviews, evaluation of the case history and examination of the victim. Family supports are of valuable as also the physician, social life and rehabilitation. The protection and prevention of the WORLD FORENSIC FESTIVAL 2014 KEYWORDS S E X U A L A B U S E ; E X A M I N AT I O N ; CLINICAL LEGAL MEDICINE P 07-14 GERIATRIC TRAUMAS IN THE JUDICIAL REPORTS OF ADANA, TURKEY Kenan Kaya, Mete Korkut Gulmen, Eren Akgunduz, Ebubekir Burak Celik, Ahmet Hilal, Necmi Cekin Department of Forensic Medicine, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey Senility is a process which must be evaluated with different dimensions of physical, psychological and social manners. Senility in physiological dimension represents changes seen with chronological ages; chronologic senility is defined as being over age 65. 7, 4% of the Turkish population are over 65 now and estimated to be 12% in the year of 2020. Geriatric traumas are the fifth cause of death in between the people over 65 years in western societies. 121 cases had been evaluated retrospectively in between the years of 2010 – 2012 who are traumatized aged, over 65, at our department. These cases are classified as early elderly period (65-74), as middle aged elderly period (75-84) and as late elderly period (over 85). 90 of the cases (74.3%) were in the first group, while 29 (24%) were in the second and the rest two cases (1.7%) were in the last portion. 59.5% of the cases were male. 112 cases (92.5%) were sent by police departments. 69 cases (57%) had blunt traumas, 40 (33%) cases had traffic accident injuries, only five stabbing cases (4.2%) had been noticed. Firearm injuries were only two cases (1.6%). 45 cases (37.2%) had head – neck lesions, 36 of the cases (29.8%) had extremity traumas while 24 of cases (19.8%) had injuries on both regions. 25 cases (20.6%) could not be cured by simple medical care. Eight of the cases (6.6%) had serious life threatening injuries. Permanent scar in the face had noticed in 6 cases (4.9%). Bone fraction and injuries occurred in 21 of the cases (17.3%) and eight of them were seriously severe and caused malfunctions. Turkish penal code asks the scores of the traumas from the medical care people especially from the clinical legal medicine specialists. After the medical evaluations, the clinical legal medicine specialists write an official judicial report to the court. These reports and evaluations have of importance in our legal system in means of protecting the victims. Geriatric trauma cases are quite different from the most of the other age group of trauma cases. Its predisposing factors are mostly preventable. We had evaluated the demographic data of these trauma cases and injury severities. Precautions had been noticed and alerted as in a part of the preventive medicine. Blunt trauma ratio records show us that violence is much more frequent than expected and it is much more important problem than traffic accidents. It is a universal understanding and attitude as a part of to develop better efforts to prevent the violence and its consequences against the elderly abuse. 517 IAFS POSTER PRESENTATION Oct 16 (Thu) victim from a second insult is also very important. Forensic sciences and medicine plays extremely important role during all those processes. Studies show that sexual abuse occurs almost in every minute and one out of every five women are exposing to one kind of sexual assault until the age of 21 in USA. 154 cases had been evaluated at our department in between the dates of October 2012 and January 2014. The ages varied as in groups such as 0-12, 12-15, 15-18 and over the age of 18. The majority of the cases (46.7%) were in the 12 – 15 age group. 25.9% were aged as 15 – 18 and 15.6% were over the age of 18. Only 11.8% were under 12 years of a

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