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Date: 31-01-2013
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Tabl
eofCont
ent
s
1.Exec
ut
i
ves
ummar
y
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4
2.Ai
m oft
her
epor
t
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4
3.Chal
l
engesi
ndef
i
ni
ng“Vi
r
t
ualMus
eums
”.
.
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4
3.
1MUSEUM DEFI
NTI
ON.
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5
3.
2DEFI
NI
TI
ONOF“VI
RTUAL”.
.
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7
3.
2.
1:Hi
s
t
or
yoft
het
er
m “Vi
r
t
ual
”.
.
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7
3.
2.
2:“Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
y”t
oday
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7
3.
3VI
RTUALMUSEUM wor
ki
npr
ogr
es
sdef
i
ni
t
i
on.
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8
4.2011-ONLI
NESURVEY.
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13
4.
1Met
hodol
ogyoft
heonl
i
nes
ur
vey.
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13
4.
2Cat
egor
i
esofVM t
ec
hnol
ogi
esanddepl
oymentpur
pos
es.
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15
Sc
enar
i
o3:Webdel
i
ver
edVi
r
t
ualMus
eum.
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18
Sc
enar
i
o4:Mul
t
i
medi
aVi
r
t
ualMus
eum.
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19
Sc
enar
i
o5:Di
gi
t
alAr
c
hi
ve.
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21
4.
32011Conc
l
us
i
ons
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21
4.
4What“i
nnovat
i
on”meansi
nVMs
?2c
as
es
t
udi
es
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22
4.
5New r
es
ear
c
hesr
equi
r
edi
n2011.
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24
5.2012“EXPERT”SURVEYi
n2012.
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24
5.
1Goalandmet
hodol
ogy.
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24
5.
2Res
ul
t
s.
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26
5.
3Repr
es
ent
at
i
vec
as
eseval
uat
ed.
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30
7.
2ANNEXES.
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.
44
7.
1ANNEX1:L
I
STOFSURVEYEDEXAMPLES(
s
ur
vey2011)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
44
7.
2ANNEX2:CHARTANDI
MAGES(
s
ur
vey2011)
.
.
.
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.
79
7.
3ANNEX3:L
I
STOFSURVEYEDEXAMPLES(
UPDATEDVERSI
ON2012).
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
86
7.
4ANNEX4:CHARTSANDI
MAGES(
2011and2012s
ur
veys
)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
122
7.
5ANNEX5:BI
BLI
OGRAPHY.
.
.
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137
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
3/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
D2.3b
DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
1. Execut
i
ves
ummar
y
Thi
sdoc
umentdes
c
r
i
best
he wor
kc
ur
r
ent
l
yi
n pr
ogr
es
swi
t
hi
nt
he Vi
r
t
ualMus
eum
Tr
ans
nat
i
onalPr
oj
ec
t(
VMUST.
NET)
,wi
t
hi
nt
heWor
kPac
kage2“hous
eofQues
t
i
ons
”,
dedi
c
at
edt
oes
t
abl
i
s
hr
equi
r
ement
sandc
r
i
t
er
i
aanal
ys
i
si
nt
heVi
r
t
ualMus
eum domai
n.
Thi
sdel
i
ver
abl
ec
ont
ai
nsan updat
e(
20122013)oft
hes
t
at
eoft
hear
taboutVi
r
t
ual
Mus
eums
,t
aki
ngi
nt
oac
c
ountt
her
es
ul
t
sf
r
om Del
i
v
er
abl
es2.
1and2.
2andi
nc
r
eas
i
ng
t
hem wi
t
hnew r
es
ear
c
hesaboutt
hepr
es
enc
eofVM i
nEur
opeandout
s
i
deEur
ope,des
c
r
i
bi
ngandanal
yzi
ngt
hei
rmai
nc
har
ac
t
er
i
s
t
i
c
s
.
2. Ai
m oft
her
epor
t
Wi
t
ht
hi
sDel
i
ver
abl
eweai
mt
o dr
aw an over
vi
ew oft
heVM i
n Eur
opeand out
s
i
de
Eur
ope,t
r
yi
ngt
o bet
t
erdef
i
net
hei
ri
dent
i
t
ybas
edon t
he"Cat
egor
i
es
"and"Def
i
ni
t
i
ons
"al
r
eadyc
hos
eni
nt
hepr
evi
ousDel
i
ver
abl
e.Cr
os
s
s
ec
t
i
onalanal
ys
i
sofeac
hVM i
s
us
ef
ulnotonl
yf
ordat
ac
ol
l
ec
t
i
on and c
at
al
ogui
ng,butal
s
ot
ot
r
yt
or
eac
h ac
l
ear
def
i
ni
t
i
onVM.Af
t
er8mont
hsofac
t
i
vi
t
i
esi
nt
heHoQ i
nf
ac
t
,whathasemer
gedi
snot
yetwhati
tmeansasVM.Oneoft
hemai
nobj
ec
t
i
vesoft
heWP2i
spr
ec
i
s
el
yt
oac
hi
eve
ac
or
r
ec
tdef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM s
ot
hati
nt
hef
ut
ur
e,wec
ani
nc
l
udeonl
yc
er
t
ai
ni
ns
t
anc
esof
t
heVM.St
ar
t
i
ngwi
t
hs
omepr
opos
al
sf
ordef
i
ni
ngt
heVMst
hatar
i
s
ef
r
om t
hei
nt
er
act
i
onwi
t
hpar
t
ner
sandf
r
om t
heanal
ys
i
soft
hemat
er
i
alal
r
eadypr
oduc
edbyt
heac
t
i
v
i
t
i
esoft
heWP,Wec
ar
r
i
ed outan ext
ens
i
ver
es
ear
c
h on t
heweb us
i
ng di
f
f
er
entweb
br
ows
erandvar
i
ouskeywor
dsr
el
at
edt
oVMs
.Thr
ought
hi
sr
es
ear
c
handanal
ys
i
swor
k
wei
nt
endt
omakef
ur
t
herpr
ogr
es
sont
heknowl
edgeaboutt
hepr
es
enc
eofVMsi
n
t
hewor
l
dandt
hei
rc
har
ac
t
er
i
s
t
i
c
s
,s
ot
hent
r
yt
omovef
ur
t
hert
owar
dst
hemos
tobj
ec
t
i
vepos
s
i
bl
edef
i
ni
t
i
onsoft
heVM.
Thi
sr
es
ear
c
hofVMsi
nt
hewor
l
dand t
hei
dent
i
f
i
c
at
i
on oft
hei
rgeogr
aphi
cl
oc
at
i
on
wi
l
lal
l
ow ust
oi
dent
i
f
yt
hec
ount
r
i
eswher
et
her
ear
emos
tpr
es
enc
eofMVs
.I
naddi
t
i
on,t
heanal
ys
i
sandc
ompar
i
s
onofeac
hVM i
dent
i
f
i
ed,wi
l
lhi
ghl
i
ghtt
hedi
ver
s
i
t
yof
under
s
t
andi
ngofVM r
egi
s
t
er
edamongs
tt
hevar
i
ousc
ount
r
i
esi
nEur
opeandout
s
i
de
Eur
ope.
Fur
t
her
mor
e,t
hes
ubdi
vi
s
i
onofVMsdi
s
t
i
nc
tbyc
at
egor
i
esofc
ont
ent
,her
ei
mpl
ement
edr
es
pec
tD.
2.
1,wi
l
lal
l
ow ust
oi
dent
i
f
yandal
s
ot
oexami
neVMswi
t
hot
her
sc
ont
ent
s
f
r
om t
hos
es
t
r
i
c
t
l
ydedi
c
at
edt
oc
ul
t
ur
alher
i
t
age.
3. Chal
l
engesi
ndef
i
ni
ng“Vi
r
t
ualMuseums”
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
4/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
D2.3b
DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Sowhati
saVi
r
t
ualMus
eum?Thepr
obl
em whenwet
r
yt
of
i
ndadef
i
ni
t
i
on,i
st
hatt
he
t
er
m “Vi
r
t
ualMus
eum”i
sc
ur
r
ent
l
yus
ed i
n manydi
f
f
er
entway
s
,asas
or
tof“s
hor
t
c
ut
”.
Gi
l
l
esDel
euzedef
i
nest
hewor
l
d“vi
r
t
ual
”as«t
outc
hamppr
obl
émat
i
ques
us
c
ept
i
bl
ed’
ét
abl
i
r
desl
i
ensent
r
edesobj
et
soudespr
oc
es
s
usenappar
enc
eét
r
anger
sl
esunsauxaut
r
es
:l
evi
r
t
uel
es
tent
i
èr
ementr
éelmêmes
it
outenl
uin’
es
tpasac
t
ual
i
s
é»(
Del
oc
he,2001)
.
AsF.Ant
i
nuc
c
iwaswr
i
t
i
ngi
n2007“Thi
sf
ac
ti
mmedi
at
el
ybec
omesappar
entwhenweobs
er
ve
t
hev
ar
iousent
i
t
i
est
hatar
ec
al
l
edbyt
hi
snameandr
eal
i
z
et
hatwear
edeal
i
ngwi
t
hawi
de
var
i
et
yofv
er
ydi
f
f
er
entt
hi
ngs
,of
t
enwi
t
houtanyt
heor
yorc
onc
epti
nc
ommon”.(
Ant
i
nuc
c
i
,
2007:79)
Heal
s
owasi
ndi
c
at
i
ngapos
s
i
bl
ewayt
os
t
ar
tt
odef
i
neaVi
r
t
ualMus
eums
,by“s
t
at
i
ng
whatavi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
snot
”.Thi
sexer
c
i
s
es
eemst
obei
nf
ac
teas
i
erandt
her
es
ul
t
wast
hef
ol
l
owi
ng(
Ant
i
nuc
c
i
,2007:
8081)
:
a.”Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
snott
her
ealmus
eum t
r
ans
pos
ed t
ot
heweb (
ort
o anyel
ec
t
r
oni
c
f
or
m)
”
b.“Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
snotanar
c
hi
veof
,dat
abas
eof
,orel
ec
t
r
oni
cc
ompl
ementt
ot
her
eal
mus
eum”.Thes
ear
c
hi
vesi
nf
ac
tar
en’
tdev
el
opedf
oror
di
nar
yvi
s
i
t
or
s
,whodonothaveenough
under
s
t
andi
ng,endi
ngwi
t
hanonc
ommuni
c
at
i
ver
es
ul
t
.
c
.“Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum,f
i
nal
l
y,i
snotwhati
smi
s
s
i
ngf
r
om t
her
ealmus
eum”
The r
ealpot
ent
i
al
i
t
yofa vi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
shel
pi
ng,gui
di
ng us
er
sand vi
s
i
t
or
swho do not
al
r
eady“know” at
opi
c
,c
ommuni
c
at
i
ng wi
t
ht
hem.Ant
i
nuc
c
i
,mor
eover
,under
l
i
ned as“t
he
vi
s
ualnar
r
at
i
vei
st
hebes
tmeanst
oef
f
ec
t
i
v
el
yc
ommuni
c
at
eaboutobj
ec
t
si
namus
eum t
ot
he
or
di
nar
yv
i
s
i
t
or
”.
I
nor
dert
odevel
ophypot
hes
esofdef
i
ni
t
i
onofVMsI
t
’
sf
i
r
s
tundoubt
edl
ynec
es
s
ar
yt
o
def
i
newhati
samus
eum.Thedef
i
ni
t
i
onsofmus
eum c
anbeobvi
ous
l
ymany,dependi
ng
onwhi
c
hper
s
pec
t
i
vei
sc
hos
enasapar
amet
ert
ogett
hedef
i
ni
t
i
on.
Let
'
ss
t
ar
tt
oanal
ys
i
show havebeendef
i
ned:MUSEUM (
3.
1)
,VI
RTUAL(
3.
2)
.Wewi
l
l
t
hanr
epor
tt
hec
ur
r
entdi
s
c
us
s
i
on,s
t
i
l
li
npr
ogr
es
swi
t
hi
nVMUST,ont
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onof
VI
RTUALMUSEUM (
3.
3)
3.
1MUSEUM DEFI
NTI
ON
I
COM updat
eddef
i
ni
t
i
onof“Museum”i
s:
“anonpr
of
i
t
,per
manenti
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
oni
nt
hes
er
vi
c
eofs
oc
i
et
yandi
t
sdevel
opment
,opent
ot
he
publ
i
c
,whi
c
hac
qui
r
es
,c
ons
er
v
es
,r
es
ear
c
hes
,c
ommuni
c
at
esandexhi
bi
t
st
het
angi
bl
eandi
nt
an-
Grant Agreement 270404
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Public
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2
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
gi
bl
eher
i
t
ageofhumani
t
yandi
t
senvi
r
onmentf
ort
hepur
pos
esofeduc
at
i
on,s
t
udyandenj
oyment
.
”
(
ht
t
p:
/
/
i
c
om.
mus
eum/
whowear
e/
t
hev
i
s
i
on/
mus
eumdef
i
ni
t
i
on.
ht
ml
)
Ther
ear
et
her
ef
or
e5poi
nt
st
oar
r
i
veatadef
i
ni
t
i
onofamus
eum:
1.I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
onbehi
ndt
hemus
eum
2.Her
i
t
age(
t
angi
bl
eandi
nt
angi
bl
e)t
hatf
or
mt
hemus
eum'
sc
ol
l
ec
t
i
on
3.Communi
c
at
i
ons
y
s
t
em t
hatl
i
nkseac
hobj
ec
t
4.Opent
oapubl
i
c
5.Mus
eum’goal
s
:educ
at
i
on,s
t
udyandenj
oyment
Thec
oexi
s
t
enc
eoft
hes
ef
i
veel
ement
si
st
hemos
ti
mpor
t
antc
ondi
t
i
ont
os
peakofa
"mus
eum".
I
fwemovet
oapos
s
i
bl
edef
i
ni
t
i
onofVi
r
t
ualMus
eum,under
l
i
ni
ngt
hatt
hi
si
ss
t
i
l
lunderdevel
opmentwi
t
hi
nvmus
tnet
wor
k,wec
annot
i
c
et
hat
:
1.Ther
ear
et
hr
eepos
s
i
bl
ec
ondi
t
i
ons
:a)aVM wher
et
hes
pac
edoes
n’
tneedt
obe
“r
eal
”(
i
.
e.VM ont
heweb)
;b)aVM t
hatexi
s
t
swi
t
hi
naphys
i
c
als
pac
edevot
ed
t
oi
t(
i
.
e.vi
r
t
ualt
heat
er
s
,et
c
.
)
;c
)aVM i
sal
s
oi
nt
endedasat
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eum
wi
t
h mul
t
i
medi
a pr
oduc
t
sorot
hert
ec
hnol
ogi
c
ali
ns
t
al
l
at
i
onst
hatac
c
ompany
t
hepubl
i
cdur
i
ngt
hevi
s
i
t
.Never
t
hel
es
si
st
her
eal
waysai
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
onbehi
ndal
s
o
aVi
r
t
ualMus
eum?
2.I
naVM t
het
angi
bl
eandi
nt
angi
bl
eher
i
t
agec
anbec
ompl
et
el
yvi
r
t
ual
,goi
ngf
ar
beyondt
hes
i
mpl
ephys
i
c
alc
ol
l
ec
t
i
on.Vi
r
t
ualMus
eumsc
ani
nf
ac
tbec
ome“mus
eumsofmus
eums
”(
c
l
us
t
er
i
ngmus
eumst
hatmaybedi
s
t
ant
,i
.
e.vi
r
t
ualmus
eum
ofar
egi
onorac
i
t
y)or“i
magi
nar
ymus
eums
”(
t
ot
alabs
t
r
ac
t
i
onoft
heobj
ec
t
s
,
i
.
e.v
i
r
t
ualmus
eum ofOl
y
mpi
cgames
)[
Dj
ndj
i
an2007:
10]
3.Communi
c
at
i
oni
st
hemai
nf
oc
usofaVi
r
t
ualMus
eum.Ther
ef
or
ei
t
sc
ommuni
c
at
i
on s
ys
t
em mayus
et
hes
amec
har
ac
t
er
i
s
t
i
c
soft
hatus
ed i
n at
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eum,buti
tc
anal
s
obec
ompl
et
el
ydi
f
f
er
ent
,ai
mi
ngatmaki
ngus
er
st
obet
t
er
under
s
t
andher
i
t
age;
4.I
naVM t
hepr
es
enc
eoft
hepubl
i
ci
sakeyel
ementj
us
tl
i
keat
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eum;i
saVi
r
t
ualMus
eum wi
t
hnopubl
i
c(
i
.
e.awebs
i
t
enotv
i
s
i
t
ed)s
t
i
l
laVM?
5.Thes
c
opesofaVi
r
t
ualMus
eum ar
ewi
dert
hant
hos
eofamus
eum:educ
at
i
onal
,
edut
ai
nment
,enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e,ent
er
t
ai
nment
,pr
omot
i
onand
r
es
ear
c
h(
s
eeDel
i
ver
abl
e2.
1)
.
Af
i
r
s
tpr
opos
alt
odef
i
newhati
saVi
r
t
ualMus
eum c
anbe:
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CNR
Public
6/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
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DELI
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Date: 31-01-2013
A vi
r
t
ualmus
eum,i
nar
ealorvi
r
t
uals
pac
e,exi
s
t
si
ft
her
ei
saf
oc
usont
angi
bl
eori
nt
angi
bl
e
her
i
t
age,r
ealorv
i
r
t
ual
,l
i
nkedbyac
ommuni
c
at
i
ons
ys
t
em,andi
t
’
sus
edi
nv
ar
i
ousf
or
msofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
yand i
mmer
s
i
on,byapubl
i
cf
ort
hepur
pos
eofeduc
at
i
on,r
es
ear
c
h,enj
oyment
,enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
eorpr
omot
i
on.
Ofc
our
s
et
hi
si
sagener
i
cdef
i
ni
t
i
ont
hatdoesnoti
mpl
yas
pec
i
f
i
ct
ec
hnol
ogyormedi
a
us
ed.Thi
si
sas
t
ar
t
i
ngpoi
ntt
hat
,c
ompar
edt
os
ever
alc
as
es
t
udi
est
hatwi
l
lbedi
s
c
us
s
ed
bel
ow,wi
l
lal
l
ow t
obet
t
erunder
s
t
andt
hemai
nf
eat
ur
esofeac
hVM.
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es
ul
t
soft
heanal
ys
i
sofbot
ht
ec
hni
c
alandc
ont
entas
pec
t
soft
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as
es
t
udi
esc
an
beus
edasanew s
t
ar
t
i
ngpoi
ntt
ogoonwi
t
ht
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koft
heHoQ.
3.
2DEFI
NI
TI
ON OF“VI
RTUAL”
3.
2.
1:Hi
s
t
or
yoft
het
er
m “Vi
r
t
ual
”
Nowadaysv
i
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
y(
VR)i
sc
ons
i
der
ed a new di
s
c
i
pl
i
ne (
Bac
el
o 2000)
,however
c
onc
ept
sandt
ec
hnol
ogi
esbehi
ndt
heVRwer
eal
r
eadypr
es
enti
nt
he'
20s
,whent
he
Li
nkCor
por
at
i
onc
r
eat
edadevi
c
et
hats
i
mul
at
edt
hec
abi
nofapl
ane(
Pant
el
i
di
s1993)
.
I
vanSut
her
l
andc
anbec
ons
i
der
edoneoft
hef
i
r
s
tpi
oneer
sofVR.I
nt
he60sHef
i
r
s
t
l
y
pr
opos
edt
heus
eofs
t
er
eogr
aphi
cdi
s
pl
ay(
s
t
er
eogr
aphi
cheadmount
eddi
s
pl
ays
)
.
I
nt
heear
l
y70'
st
hen,Myr
onKr
uegerc
oi
nedt
het
er
m "Ar
t
i
f
i
c
i
alReal
i
t
y"andHebegan
t
odevel
opi
nt
er
ac
t
i
veenvi
r
onment
sc
ont
r
ol
l
edbyComput
er(
Kr
ueger1993)
.Dur
i
ngt
he
s
ameper
i
od,t
heMI
TMedi
aLabAmer
i
c
ans
i
mul
at
edat
r
i
pt
hr
oughAs
pen,Col
or
ado,
wher
epar
t
i
c
i
pant
sc
oul
ddr
i
veal
ongt
her
oadandexpl
or
evi
r
t
ualbui
l
di
ngs
.
The80st
ec
hnol
ogywentt
hr
oughr
api
dc
hanges
.J
ar
onLani
er
,oneoft
hef
ounder
sof
t
hec
ompanyVPLRes
ear
c
h,us
edpr
obabl
yf
ort
hef
i
r
s
tt
i
me,t
het
er
m “Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
y”.
Heus
edt
hi
st
er
mr
ef
er
r
i
ngt
oi
mmer
s
i
veenvi
r
onment
sonwhi
c
hhewaswor
ki
ngon,
di
s
t
i
ngui
s
hi
ng t
hem f
r
om t
r
adi
t
i
onalc
omput
err
ec
ons
t
r
uc
t
i
onsl
ac
ki
ng ofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
on.
ThomasZi
mmer
man,c
of
ounderofVPL,wor
kedwi
t
hLani
ert
odevel
opagl
oveabl
et
o
'
gr
ab't
hevi
r
t
ualobj
ec
t
sc
r
eat
edbyc
omput
er
s(
Lani
er1992,p.275279)
.
NASA t
her
ef
or
e devel
oped goggl
est
hatal
l
owed obs
er
vi
ng a t
er
r
i
t
or
yr
ec
ons
t
r
uc
t
ed
gr
aphi
c
al
l
yand,att
hes
amet
i
me,heart
hr
eedi
mens
i
onals
oundandgr
abobj
ec
t
sus
i
ng
hands
.I
n 1992t
hef
i
l
m “TheMower
”f
ort
hef
i
r
s
tt
i
mepr
opos
ed t
hei
deaofVi
r
t
ual
Real
i
t
yt
o a wi
deraudi
enc
e.Si
nc
et
he mi
d90smanyappl
i
c
at
i
onst
o “t
ouc
h” vi
r
t
ual
obj
ec
t
swer
eexper
i
ment
edanddevel
oped.
3.
2.
2:“Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
y”t
oday
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Date: 31-01-2013
Conc
er
ni
ngt
het
er
m “Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
y”t
her
ei
snotanagr
eementoni
t
sdef
i
ni
t
i
on.We
c
anar
guet
hatt
hi
st
er
m evol
vedovert
heyear
s
.Nowadaysi
thashadawi
dedi
f
f
us
i
on
t
hankst
ot
hei
nvent
i
onofnew t
ypesoft
ec
hnol
ogi
est
hatpr
ovi
des
ever
aldegr
eesof
i
mmer
s
i
on,i
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
yandnavi
gat
i
on:ar
t
i
f
i
c
i
alr
eal
i
t
y;augment
edr
eal
i
t
y
;i
mmer
s
i
ve
envi
r
onment and CAVE. Si
nc
et
he ear
l
y 90s Type VR appl
i
c
at
i
ons have been
exper
i
ment
edi
nvar
i
ousf
i
el
dsofr
es
ear
c
heveni
nt
hehumani
t
i
es(
For
t
e1993)
,eveni
f
i
ni
t
i
alpr
ec
aut
i
onsandexper
i
ment
al
l
y.F
i
nal
l
y
,i
n1990,PaulRei
l
l
yas
s
oc
i
at
edf
ort
hef
i
r
s
t
t
i
met
het
er
m “Vi
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
y”t
o“Ar
c
haeol
ogy”(
Rai
l
l
y1990,Gi
l
l
i
ns1997)
,r
ef
er
r
i
ngt
o
t
hr
eedi
mens
i
onalr
ec
ons
t
r
uc
t
i
onofobj
ec
t
sandanc
i
entbui
l
di
ngs
.Fr
om her
eons
uc
ha
t
er
m wasus
edt
or
ef
ert
os
ever
alt
ec
hnol
ogi
esofdynami
candi
nt
er
ac
t
i
vevi
s
ual
i
zat
i
on
3.
3VI
RTUALMUSEUM wor
ki
npr
ogr
essdef
i
ni
t
i
on
Thet
er
m “vi
r
t
ualmus
eum”hasbeendef
i
nedas
“…al
ogi
c
al
l
yr
el
at
edc
ol
l
ec
t
i
onofdi
gi
t
alobj
ec
t
sc
ompos
edi
navar
i
et
yofmedi
awhi
c
h,bec
aus
e
ofi
t
sc
apac
i
t
yt
opr
ovi
dec
onnec
t
ednes
sandvar
i
ouspoi
nt
sofac
c
es
s
,l
endsi
t
s
el
ft
ot
r
ans
c
endi
ng
t
r
adi
t
i
onalmet
hodsofc
ommuni
c
at
i
ng and i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ng wi
t
h vi
s
i
t
or
s
…;i
thasno r
ealpl
ac
eor
s
pac
e,i
t
sobj
ec
t
sandt
her
el
at
edi
nf
or
mat
i
onc
anbedi
s
s
emi
nat
edal
lov
ert
hewor
l
d”
(
Andr
ewsandSc
hwei
benzi
nAr
tDoc
ument
at
i
on,Spr
i
ngI
s
s
ue,1998)
.
Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
st
her
es
ul
toft
hec
onj
unc
t
i
onoft
het
r
adi
t
i
onalc
onc
eptofamus
eum wi
t
h
t
hemul
t
i
medi
ac
omput
erandc
ommuni
c
at
i
ont
ec
hnol
ogyoft
heI
nt
er
net
.Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
s
demat
er
i
al
i
zi
ngt
heobj
ec
tf
ort
hebenef
i
tofpr
ovi
di
ngmuc
hmor
ei
nf
or
mat
i
onont
heobj
ec
t
.
[
.
.
.
]I
tdemat
er
i
al
i
z
est
hemus
eum i
t
s
el
fbymaki
ngpos
s
i
bl
ea“r
emot
evi
s
i
t
”.
(
Dj
ndj
i
an,2007)
And:
“t
hevi
r
t
ualmus
eum wi
l
lbeanat
t
emptt
ous
et
hegr
eatpowerofvi
s
ualmedi
ac
r
eat
edbyt
he
devel
opmentofvi
s
ual
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
vet
ec
hnol
ogi
est
oenabl
eandenhanc
et
heappr
ec
i
at
i
onandunder
s
t
andi
ngoft
hes
pec
i
f
i
cc
ul
t
ur
alpat
r
i
monyoft
her
ealmus
eum [
.
.
.
]t
hevi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
st
he
c
ommuni
c
at
i
vepr
oj
ec
t
i
onoft
her
ealmus
eum.
”
(
Ant
i
nuc
c
i
,2007:85)
I
nt
hepr
evi
ouss
ec
t
i
onwehavet
r
i
edt
odef
i
neaVi
r
t
ualMus
eum.Butl
et
'
st
akeas
mal
l
s
t
epbac
ki
nor
dert
ounder
s
t
andt
hatt
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM i
ss
t
i
l
la“wor
ki
npr
ogr
es
s
”
notonl
ywi
t
hi
nt
heVMus
t
.
Netnet
wor
k,butal
s
oout
s
i
deofi
t
.
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VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Thewor
kpr
opos
ed i
nt
hi
sdel
i
ver
abl
edr
awsi
t
si
ns
pi
r
at
i
on,aswement
i
oned above,
mai
nl
ybyonl
i
nes
ear
c
hes
.Sowewi
l
lf
oc
usmai
nl
yonhow Vi
r
t
ualMus
eum i
sdef
i
nedon
t
heweb.
Wi
ki
pedi
a:
“Avi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
samus
eum t
hatexi
s
t
sonl
yonl
i
ne.Avi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sal
s
oknownasanonl
i
ne mus
eum,el
ec
t
r
oni
cmus
eum,hyper
mus
eum,di
gi
t
almus
eum,c
yber
mus
eum orWeb mus
eum.Thet
er
m us
eddependsupont
hebac
kgr
oundsoft
hepr
ac
t
i
t
i
oner
sandr
es
ear
c
her
swor
ki
ngi
nt
hi
sf
i
el
d.
Aswi
t
hat
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eum,avi
r
t
ualmus
eum c
anbedes
i
gnedar
ounds
pec
i
f
i
cobj
ec
t
s(
aki
nt
o
anar
tmus
eum,nat
ur
alhi
s
t
or
ymus
eum,orar
c
hi
ve)
,orc
anc
ons
i
s
tofnew exhi
bi
t
i
onsc
r
eat
ed
f
r
om s
c
r
at
c
h(
aki
nt
ot
heexhi
bi
t
i
onsats
c
i
enc
emus
eums
)
.Mor
eover
,avi
r
t
ualmus
eum c
anr
ef
er
t
ot
hemobi
l
eorWor
l
dWi
deWebof
f
er
i
ngsoft
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eums(
e.
g.
,di
s
pl
ay
i
ngdi
gi
t
alr
epr
es
ent
at
i
onsofi
t
sc
ol
l
ec
t
i
onsorexhi
bi
t
s
)
;orc
anbebebor
ndi
gi
t
alc
ont
ents
uc
hasNetar
t
,Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
yandDi
gi
t
alar
t
.
”
TheFr
eeDi
ct
i
onar
ybyf
ar
l
ex:
“Avi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
samus
eum t
hatexi
s
t
sonl
yonl
i
ne.Avi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sal
s
oknownasanonl
i
ne mus
eum,el
ec
t
r
oni
cmus
eum,hyper
mus
eum,di
gi
t
almus
eum,c
yber
mus
eum orWeb mus
eum.
Thet
er
m us
eddependsupont
hebac
kgr
oundsoft
hepr
ac
t
i
t
i
oner
sandr
es
ear
c
her
swor
ki
ngi
nt
hi
sf
i
el
d.
Thevi
r
t
ual
i
z
at
i
onofphys
i
c
almus
eumsc
ani
nc
r
eas
ei
nt
er
es
tbys
t
udent
sl
ear
ni
ngaboutt
hei
rc
ol
l
ec
t
i
ons
:“Vi
r
t
ualvi
s
i
t
or
st
omus
eum webs
i
t
esal
r
eadyout
numberphys
i
c
al(
ons
i
t
e)vi
s
i
t
or
s
,and
manyoft
hes
ear
eengagedi
ndedi
c
at
edl
ear
ni
ng”.
Vi
r
t
ualmus
eumsi
nc
l
udemus
eumst
hathol
dar
tor
i
gi
nal
l
yc
r
eat
eddi
gi
t
al
l
y,s
uc
hasNetar
t
,Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
yandDi
gi
t
alar
t
.Thet
er
mi
sof
t
enus
edt
or
ef
ert
oamus
eum t
hatt
akesadv
ant
ages
oft
heI
nt
er
net
,es
pec
i
al
l
yt
heWor
l
dWi
deWeb,t
odi
s
pl
aydi
gi
t
alr
epr
es
ent
at
i
onsofi
t
sc
ol
l
ec
t
i
ons
.
”
Encycl
opaedi
aBr
i
t
anni
ca:
“Vi
r
t
ualmus
eum, ac
ol
l
ec
t
i
on ofdi
gi
t
al
l
yr
ec
or
ded i
mages
,s
ound f
i
l
es
,t
extdoc
ument
s
,and
ot
herdat
aofhi
s
t
or
i
c
al
,s
c
i
ent
i
f
i
c
,orc
ul
t
ur
ali
nt
er
es
tt
hatar
eac
c
es
s
edt
hr
oughel
ec
t
r
oni
cmedi
a.
Avi
r
t
ualmus
eum doesnothous
eac
t
ualobj
ec
t
sandt
her
ef
or
el
ac
kst
heper
manenc
eanduni
que
qual
i
t
i
esofamus
eum i
nt
hei
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
onaldef
i
ni
t
i
onoft
het
er
m.I
nf
ac
t
,mos
tv
i
r
t
ualmus
eums
ar
es
pons
or
edbyi
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
onalmus
eumsandar
edi
r
ec
t
l
ydependentupont
hei
rexi
s
t
i
ngc
ol
l
ec
t
i
ons
.Nev
er
t
hel
es
s
,t
hr
ought
hehyper
l
i
nki
ngandmul
t
i
medi
ac
apabi
l
i
t
i
esofel
ec
t
r
oni
ci
nf
or
mat
i
onmedi
a-par
t
i
c
ul
ar
l
yt
heWor
l
dWi
deWeb(
ahyper
medi
as
y
s
t
em c
ar
r
i
edont
heI
nt
er
net
)-di
gi
t
i
zedr
epr
es
ent
at
i
onsc
anbebr
oughtt
oget
herf
r
om mul
t
i
pl
es
our
c
esf
orenj
oymentands
t
udy
i
namannerl
ar
gel
ydet
er
mi
nedbyt
hei
ndi
vi
dualus
er
.Vi
r
t
ualmus
eumsoft
hi
st
ypec
anbea
power
f
ult
oolf
orc
ompar
at
i
ves
t
udyandf
orr
es
ear
c
hi
nt
oapar
t
i
c
ul
ars
ubj
ec
t
,mat
er
i
al
,orl
oc
al
i
t
y.
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Date: 31-01-2013
Manyvi
r
t
ualmus
eumshavet
hei
rr
oot
si
n“Webs
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es
”or“homepages
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nt
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nedont
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nt
er
netbymus
eumsi
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dert
o di
s
s
emi
nat
ei
nf
or
mat
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on aboutt
hems
el
v
es
.Mus
eums
’home
pagesus
ual
l
yc
ont
ai
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t
r
at
i
v
ei
nf
or
mat
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nghour
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,pol
i
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”.
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ual
:
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emus
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r
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ueles
tc
el
uiquel
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s
i
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eurpeutc
r
éerl
ui
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er
smoy
ens
.Lepr
emi
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out
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ai
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’
i
magi
nat
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onhumai
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i
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us
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nouvel
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.Lemus
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uelper
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s
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eu,unc
omment
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ans
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toft
hedef
i
ni
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i
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hatar
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ner
ef
ert
ot
heWi
ki
pedi
a
def
i
ni
t
i
on.Thi
sdef
i
ni
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i
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i
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har
ac
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er
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t
i
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.Soi
nt
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nEur
ope,t
heVM i
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oodass
omet
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ng l
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l
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e.
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ongl
yc
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r
ai
nst
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c
hf
orVMsonl
i
nes
i
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e,
t
oomanypr
oduc
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s
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nr
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at
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ot
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ommonunder
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t
andi
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edVMs
.
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ousdef
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i
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i
s
i
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om ourr
es
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es
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opeandout
s
i
deEur
ope,wec
anal
s
os
ayt
hat
,i
ni
t
smos
tc
ommonunder
s
t
andi
ng,
t
heVM i
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s
oi
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endedasas
our
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nf
or
mat
i
on,mai
nl
yavai
l
abl
eont
heI
nt
er
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.
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hent
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c
i
t
yoft
hev
i
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sc
ent
er
edoni
nf
or
mat
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onr
at
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hanobj
ec
t
s
,
whi
c
hi
st
hec
as
eoft
hephys
i
c
almus
eum.Thear
c
hi
t
ec
t
ur
eoft
hevi
r
t
ualmus
eum c
ont
ai
nsr
oomsr
at
hert
hanpages
,andi
snavi
gat
edwi
t
ht
hehel
pofadynami
ci
nt
er
f
ac
e.
Thi
sdynami
ci
nt
er
f
ac
emakei
tpos
s
i
bl
et
ogof
r
om oner
oom t
oanot
herwi
t
houthavi
ng
t
of
ol
l
ow ar
es
t
r
i
c
t
edpat
h,asi
nt
hec
as
eoft
hephys
i
c
almus
eum wher
et
hear
c
hi
t
ec
t
ur
e
makei
ti
mpos
s
i
bl
et
onavi
gat
ef
r
eel
y.
Somet
i
meVMsar
eal
s
oc
ons
i
der
ed asavi
r
t
ualc
ompl
ementt
ot
hephys
i
c
almus
eum,
however
,c
ons
i
der
i
ng t
headvanc
ed t
ec
hnol
ogyof
f
er
ed t
oday,wet
hi
nkt
hatVM c
an
f
unc
t
i
onasamus
eum i
ni
t
sownr
i
ght
.Mus
eumsar
edef
i
nedaspl
ac
est
hatc
ol
l
ec
t
,pr
es
er
veanddi
s
pl
ayher
i
t
age.Sowebel
i
evet
hatVMsc
anal
s
ol
i
veupt
ot
hemai
npr
i
nc
i
pl
esoft
het
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adi
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onalmus
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hos
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l
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t
,pr
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veanddi
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f
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er
ent
wayandwi
t
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f
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er
entt
ool
s
,r
eac
hi
ngoutvi
r
t
ualv
i
s
i
t
or
swhomi
ghtneverbeabl
et
o
vi
s
i
tac
er
t
ai
nmus
eum i
nper
s
on.
Fr
om t
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onsofVM t
hatappearonl
i
ner
ar
el
yt
her
ear
er
ef
er
enc
est
ot
hev
i
r
t
ual
t
heat
er
s
,t
oi
mmer
s
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ve and i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve i
ns
t
al
l
at
i
ons
,s
t
r
uc
t
ur
esc
har
ac
t
er
i
zed byt
hei
r
t
angi
bi
l
i
t
y.
Thes
ear
ei
ns
t
al
l
at
i
onswher
et
hevi
s
i
t
or
sc
anphys
i
c
al
l
yent
erandi
mmer
s
et
hems
el
vesi
n
vi
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
y.Maki
ngananal
ys
i
sbas
edononl
i
nemat
er
i
alr
el
at
i
ngt
oVMsunder
s
t
ood
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
10/138
2
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VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
i
nt
hi
sl
as
ts
ens
e,i
sobvi
ous
l
yver
yc
ompl
ex.Eac
hc
as
es
t
udys
houl
dbephys
i
c
al
l
yvi
s
i
t
ed
byt
her
es
ear
c
her
.
Sowhati
ss
ur
pr
i
s
i
ngi
show,es
pec
i
al
l
yi
nEur
ope,manyr
es
ear
c
her
sc
ont
i
nuet
odef
i
ne
VMsonl
ypr
oduc
t
sonl
i
ne,exc
l
udi
ngal
lt
heot
her
st
hat
,f
r
om ourpoi
ntofvi
ew,ar
ei
ns
t
eadpar
tofVMs
.
Wi
t
ht
heD.
2.
1wass
ett
hes
t
ar
t
i
ngpoi
ntoft
heHoQ.Thatwas
,s
i
mpl
i
f
y
i
ng,t
of
or
mul
at
eques
t
i
onst
obes
har
edwi
t
hpar
t
ner
s
.Wi
t
ht
heD.
2.
2wer
ees
t
abl
i
s
hed"def
i
ni
t
i
ons
"
and"c
at
egor
i
es
"i
nor
dert
ogi
vet
ot
hepar
t
ner
sobj
ec
t
i
veval
uest
oanal
ys
eeac
hc
as
e
oft
heVM.
I
nt
hi
sdel
i
ver
abl
et
hewor
khasbeenpus
hedf
or
war
di
ns
ear
c
hofadef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM.So
wepr
opos
eds
omedef
i
ni
t
i
onsofVMss
t
ar
t
i
ngbyanext
ens
i
ver
es
ear
c
honl
i
ne.Shar
i
ng
wi
t
ht
hepar
t
ner
st
hef
i
r
s
tpr
opos
eddef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM,aswel
last
heanal
ys
i
sofi
ndi
vi
dualc
as
es
t
udi
esands
c
enar
i
os
,wepr
opos
eanew s
t
ar
t
i
ngpoi
ntf
ort
hewor
koft
henext
del
i
ver
abl
es
.Thegoali
st
oext
endt
her
es
ear
c
handt
heanal
ys
i
st
oal
lVMs
,notj
us
tonl
y
onl
i
ne;s
ovi
r
t
ualt
heat
er
s
,ki
os
ks
,i
nt
er
ac
t
i
veandi
mmer
s
i
ver
eal
i
t
yi
ns
i
deandout
s
i
de
t
r
adi
t
i
onalmus
eums
.
Fol
l
owi
ngt
hi
swor
kpr
ogr
am,t
heHoQ s
houl
dal
l
ow ust
or
eac
hanew,mor
eanal
yt
i
c
al
andobj
ec
t
i
vedef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM,f
ort
hei
dent
i
f
i
c
at
i
onofal
ar
gernumberofVMsi
nt
he
wor
l
d.
Wi
t
hi
nWP3,adi
s
c
us
s
i
onhass
t
ar
t
edonapos
s
i
bl
ef
i
naldef
i
ni
t
i
onaboutwhati
savi
r
t
ualmus
eum andhow i
tmaybedef
i
ned.I
twasr
epor
t
edi
nDel
i
ver
abl
e2.
1b.
Thr
eever
s
i
onsoft
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onhasbeenpr
opos
edupt
onow,al
ls
t
ar
t
edf
r
om I
COM
def
i
ni
t
i
onof“mus
eum”:
Sof
i
a Pes
c
ar
i
n,CNR I
TABC,af
t
erVSMM 2012 pr
opos
ed a def
i
ni
t
i
on,f
ol
l
owi
ng t
he
def
i
ni
t
i
onofMus
eum byI
COM:
“A Vi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sadi
gi
t
alc
r
eat
i
onac
c
es
s
i
bl
ebyapubl
i
c
,f
oc
us
edont
angi
bl
eor
i
nt
angi
bl
e her
i
t
age.I
t us
esvar
i
ous f
or
ms ofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
y and i
mmer
s
i
on,f
ort
he
pur
pos
eofeduc
at
i
on,r
es
ear
c
h,enj
oyment
,enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e”
Vi
c
t
orMenc
her
oLopez,SEAV,pr
opos
est
hef
ol
l
owi
ngdef
i
ni
t
i
on:
“A Vi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sadi
gi
t
alc
r
eat
i
onor
gani
zedonaper
manentort
empor
albas
i
si
n
t
he s
er
v
i
c
e of s
oc
i
et
y and i
t
s devel
opment
,open t
ot
he publ
i
c
,whi
c
h ac
qui
r
es
,
c
ons
er
ves
,r
es
ear
c
hes
,c
ommuni
c
at
esand exhi
bi
t
s
,i
n adi
gi
t
alway
,t
het
angi
bl
eand
i
nt
angi
bl
e her
i
t
age of humani
t
y and i
t
s envi
r
onment
.I
t us
es var
i
ous f
or
ms of
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
yand i
mmer
s
i
on,f
ort
he pur
pos
e ofeduc
at
i
on,r
es
ear
c
h,enj
oymentand
enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e.
”
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Public
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2
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Date: 31-01-2013
Augus
t
oPal
ombi
ni
,CNRI
TABC,pr
opos
edt
omakei
tmor
egener
al
:
“A Vi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
sa c
ommuni
c
at
i
on pr
oduc
tac
c
es
s
i
bl
e by a publ
i
c
,f
oc
us
ed on
t
angi
bl
eori
nt
angi
bl
eher
i
t
age.I
tus
esvar
i
ousf
or
msofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
v
i
t
yandi
mmer
s
i
on,f
or
t
hepur
pos
eofeduc
at
i
on,r
es
ear
c
h,enj
oyment
,enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e.
I
nDi
gi
t
alHer
i
t
agei
ti
smai
nl
yi
nt
endedasaDi
gi
t
alc
r
eat
i
on.
”
Grant Agreement 270404
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Public
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Date: 31-01-2013
4. 2011-ON LI
NESURVEY
4.
1Met
hodol
ogyoft
heonl
i
nesur
vey
Thes
t
ar
t
i
ngpoi
ntoft
hi
sr
es
ear
c
hwast
hei
dent
i
f
i
c
at
i
onofVM i
nEur
opeandout
s
i
de
Eur
ope.Ther
es
ul
ti
smer
gedi
nt
oaMap,i
nwhi
c
hmor
e-l
es
s90di
f
f
er
entVMsar
egeol
oc
at
edanddi
s
t
i
ngui
s
hedbydi
f
f
er
entc
ol
or
sont
hebas
i
soft
hec
ont
ent
sofeac
hv
i
r
t
ual
c
ol
l
ec
t
i
on.
Thet
hemat
i
cdi
vi
s
i
on wasdef
i
ned byt
heD 2.
1.Themap al
l
owsar
eal
l
yi
mmedi
at
e
doubl
er
eadi
ng.Onones
i
det
het
ypesofVM i
nt
hewor
l
d,ont
heot
hert
hei
dent
i
f
i
c
at
i
onofhi
gherc
onc
ent
r
at
i
onsofVM i
nc
er
t
ai
ngeogr
aphi
car
eas
.
TypesofVi
r
t
ualMus
eumsdef
i
nedbyt
hei
rc
ont
entar
e:
•
Ar
c
haeol
ogyVi
r
t
ualMus
eum -Bl
uecol
or
•
Ar
tVi
r
t
ualMus
eum -Pur
pl
ecol
or
•
Et
hnogr
aphi
cVi
r
t
ualMus
eum -Pi
nkcol
or
•
Hi
s
t
or
i
c
alVi
r
t
ualMus
eum -Cyancol
or
• Nat
ur
alHi
s
t
or
yVi
r
t
ualMus
eum -Gr
eencol
or
Twomor
ec
at
egor
i
eshavebeenaddedt
ot
hel
i
s
tofD.2.
1:onec
onc
er
ni
ngapar
t
i
c
ul
ar
as
pec
t
,t
hati
nt
hel
as
tt
woyear
si
shavi
ngabi
gf
ol
l
owi
ng:
•
3D r
ec
ons
t
r
uc
t
i
onsofc
i
t
i
esands
i
t
es
,anc
i
entormoder
n,expl
or
abl
eonl
i
ne-r
ed
col
or
•
Weal
s
ohi
ghl
i
ght
edt
heneedt
oi
dent
i
f
yagener
i
cc
at
egor
yf
orot
hert
ypesof
VM,s
uc
hast
hatofDuc
at
iVM,ort
heEr
ot
i
cAr
tVM -Yel
l
ow col
or
4.
1.
1 Dat
apr
esent
at
i
on
Aswec
ans
eei
nt
heChar
t1,mos
toft
heVM hasbeenpr
oduc
edi
ns
i
det
hec
at
egor
i
es
“hi
s
t
or
y
”and“ar
c
haeol
ogy”.Theot
herc
l
as
s
esofc
ont
enthav
emi
ni
mum val
ues
.Thi
sr
es
ul
tc
ans
eem obvi
ous
,buthi
ghl
i
ght
si
ns
t
eadt
heneedt
or
ec
r
eat
evi
r
t
ual
l
yt
hef
r
agment
s
ofhi
s
t
or
yt
hathavedi
s
appear
ed,t
hedes
i
r
et
oc
ommuni
c
at
eandt
or
ec
ons
t
r
uc
tourpas
t
(
Char
t1)
.
Thes
ec
ondc
at
egor
yc
onc
er
nsI
nt
er
ac
t
i
onTec
hnol
ogy.I
nt
her
es
ear
c
hwet
ooki
nt
oac
c
ountonl
yt
hepr
es
enc
eorabs
enc
eofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
on,whi
l
edi
s
t
i
ngui
s
hed (
i
nt
hes
ubc
at
egor
yI
nt
er
ac
t
i
on)
,t
hepr
es
enc
eofdes
kt
opdevi
c
ei
nt
er
ac
t
i
on.Ther
es
ul
t
soft
heChar
t2
c
l
ear
l
yputi
nevi
denc
east
hemos
tpar
tofVMsar
emai
nl
ynoni
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve,ac
c
or
di
ngt
o
anot
heri
mpor
t
antpoi
nt
,t
hatt
hemas
s
i
veus
ebyt
hepubl
i
ci
sexc
l
us
i
v
el
yonl
i
ne(
i
nf
r
a,p.
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Public
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Date: 31-01-2013
17)
.Thei
nt
er
ac
t
i
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el
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ot
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t
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e,
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hes
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hemos
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anc
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ec
hnol
ogi
c
alequi
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smor
ec
ompl
i
cat
edt
ohandl
et
hanans
i
mpl
eonl
i
nes
i
t
e(
Char
t1)
.
Thet
hi
r
dc
at
egor
yt
heDur
at
i
on,c
onc
ei
vednotonl
yi
nt
het
i
mi
ngofaVi
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t
ualMus
eum
butal
s
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equenc
esi
nt
er
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hnol
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,c
ont
ent
,i
ns
t
al
l
at
i
on,s
us
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y
oft
hepr
oj
ec
t
s
.Thes
ear
c
hr
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ul
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evi
s
i
bl
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nGr
aph3,whi
c
hs
howst
hepr
edomi
nanc
e
oft
hes
ubc
at
egor
y"per
manent
",whi
l
et
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i
odi
c
i
t
yi
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el
at
edmai
nl
yt
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ac
tt
hat
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ualmus
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ved f
oran exhi
bi
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on (
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s
c
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s
l
ami
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l
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)(
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at
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ypeofc
omThef
our
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yl
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i
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ualmus
eums
anal
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edi
sc
onc
ent
r
at
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nt
heexpos
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i
onoft
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ont
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s
,al
t
houghi
thasbeens
omei
nt
er
es
t
i
ng exampl
es of "dr
amat
i
zat
i
on" (
Bat
t
l
e of Ther
mopyl
ae,Medi
evalDubl
i
n)
.
(
Char
t4)
Thef
i
f
t
hc
at
egor
yi
st
heL
evelofi
mmer
s
i
on.Thei
mmer
s
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oni
sher
edef
i
nedas”t
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owhi
c
ht
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t
uals
ys
t
em del
i
ver
sas
ur
r
oundi
ngenvi
r
onment
,onewhi
c
hs
hut
sout
s
ens
at
i
onsf
r
om t
he‘
r
ealwor
l
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,whi
c
hac
c
ommodat
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ens
or
ymodal
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t
i
es
,hasr
i
c
h
r
epr
es
ent
at
i
onalc
apabi
l
i
t
y[
.
.
.
]”(
Sl
at
er&Wi
l
bur
,1997)
.
Her
et
oo,noni
mmer
s
i
onpr
ev
ai
l
s
:mos
tappl
i
c
at
i
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oc
usont
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es
ent
at
i
on ofc
ont
ent
,andf
ew i
nc
l
udeani
nt
er
ac
t
i
onwi
t
ht
hepubl
i
c
.(
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t5)
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i
xt
hc
at
egor
yi
st
heF
or
mat
.Thi
sc
at
egor
yhasbeent
hes
ubj
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ai
l
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es
ear
c
h,t
of
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ust
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t
ent
i
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hedi
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t
r
i
but
i
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i
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apr
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rnondi
s
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r
i
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i
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t
abl
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i
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i
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ol
ut
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et
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tc
ommon,whi
l
e,des
pi
t
et
heext
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aor
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nar
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pr
eadofs
of
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war
es
uc
has
I
OsandAndr
oi
d,t
her
ear
en'
texampl
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t
abl
eappl
i
c
at
i
ons
,andaonl
yonemobi
l
e
(
Medi
evalDubl
i
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.(
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t6)
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hc
at
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ope.Thes
c
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st
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at
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ear
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har
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hemos
tdevel
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at
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.(
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Thel
as
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ai
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spr
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ort
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abas
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hi
nes
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f
wedonots
eekac
c
r
edi
t
eds
t
andar
ds
.(
Char
t8)
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CNR
Public
14/138
2
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
4.
2Cat
egor
i
esofVM t
echnol
ogi
esanddepl
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poses
Af
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edef
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ummar
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eVi
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ualMuseum orMi
cr
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or
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or
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ompel
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f
expl
ai
ni
ngc
ont
ent
.
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Public
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VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Exampl
es:
Ar
cheogui
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oopensupnew waysof
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)
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Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
16/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
D2.3b
DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
t
hough.Due t
ot
he young t
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act
i
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Shor
tdes
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pt
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nt
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her
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eas
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er
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onment
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l
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om t
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enmi
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e.
Exampl
es:
•
•
Vi
r
t
ualMuseum ofAnci
entVi
aFl
ami
ni
a(
Fi
g.4)
;
Meet
i
ngatt
heAnci
entAgor
a(
Fi
g.5)
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Cont
extofuse:Ons
i
t
ei
nt
er
ac
t
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vei
ns
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al
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onshav
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etupi
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ac
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hem exper
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enc
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nnovat
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on(
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c
al
)
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ompl
exbehavi
our
si
mpl
ement
at
i
onwi
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na3dr
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r
uc
t
ed
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r
onment
;v
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or
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uni
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nnovat
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on/
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ept
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s
ual
l
yandby
meansofi
nt
er
ac
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i
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ht
hem.Enhanc
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i
all
ear
ni
ngt
hr
ought
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onofmedi
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meandabouts
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,t
hankst
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s
ualandexper
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yi
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as
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opmentandpr
oc
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hev
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our
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eorot
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epr
es
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at
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s
;And,i
nt
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as
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heAgor
apr
oj
ec
t
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ompl
ement
ar
yexhi
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t
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oof
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hes
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er
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at
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abi
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ous
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etup an i
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er
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al
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at
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r
om
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odet
oUni
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y3D)
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f
ulr
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i
br
ar
i
esandgameengi
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el
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ot
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ommuni
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ort
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ammer
s(
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ompl
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ormus
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et
ups
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nc
r
eas
i
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ender
i
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i
t
y;i
ni
on.
c
r
eas
i
ngofvi
s
ualqual
i
t
yt
hankst
os
haderadopt
Bi
bl
i
ogr
aphy:For
t
eM.(
2008)
;Ec
onomou,M.&Puj
olTos
t
,L.(
2011)
;Mar
i
aRous
s
ou(
2009)
;
At
hanas
i
osSi
der
i
s(
2009)
;At
hanas
i
osSi
der
i
s(
2008)
;
Scenar
i
o3:Webdel
i
ver
edVi
r
t
ualMuseum
Shor
tdescr
i
pt
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on:Pr
es
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eum hav
ei
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addr
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t
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eadver
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i
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andappeal
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hemus
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.Webr
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hataddr
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ss
omeoft
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engesofwebf
r
ui
t
i
on:
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as
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apr
ot
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onand3Dexper
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enc
e.Thes
ear
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ay
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shavebeendevel
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o
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
pr
ovi
de3D i
nt
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ac
t
i
veappl
i
c
at
i
ons“embedded”wi
t
hi
nbr
ows
er
s
,bei
ngac
t
i
vat
edbywebs
i
t
eexpos
i
ngs
pec
i
f
i
c3Dc
ont
ent
.
Manyoft
hes
et
ool
swer
el
i
c
ens
ed aspr
opr
i
et
ar
yt
ec
hnol
ogy,c
har
gi
ng f
ordev
el
opment
t
ool
s/s
i
t
el
i
c
ens
e,whi
l
epr
ovi
di
ngt
hec
l
os
edpl
ay
erf
r
eeofc
har
ge.
Exampl
es:
•
•
•
gal
l
er
ypai
nt
i
ngs(
Googl
eAr
t
,Hal
t
adef
i
ni
zi
one,Cent
r
i
c
a)
DeadSeaSc
r
ol
l
s
)
Scr
ol
l
s(
Pl
ugi
nbas
et
ec
hnol
ogy:
• Googl
eAnc
i
entRome (
Googl
e,UCLA/Vi
r
gi
ni
aUni
v
er
s
i
t
y)
•
•
•
•
3DCof
or
m Uni
t
y3Ddemo
Vi
r
t
ualRome(
CNRI
TABC,CI
NECA)
;
AquaePat
avi
naeVR(
CNRI
TABC,Uni
v
.Padov
a)
Webenabl
edappl
i
c
at
i
ons
;
•
•
I
ns
t
ant
Real
i
t
y
VEX
Devel
opment
Pl
ugi
nbas
ed:
Uni
t
y3D i
st
hemos
tdi
f
f
us
ec
ommer
c
i
algameengi
neand aut
hor
i
ng t
oolabl
et
os
pan
overwi
devar
i
et
yofpl
at
f
or
m,i
nc
l
udi
ng web br
ows
erand mobi
l
e devi
c
esI
ti
sc
ur
r
ent
l
y
av
ai
l
abl
easc
r
os
sbr
ows
erpl
ugi
nf
orWi
nandOSX pl
at
f
or
m.Ther
ear
e pl
anst
oal
s
ous
e
Googl
eNat
i
veCl
i
ent.
Fl
as
hbas
ed:
Paper
vi
s
i
on3D
X3Di
nbr
ows
erpl
ay
er
BSCont
ac
tf
r
om Bi
t
management
OpenVRML
XVR(
I
Expl
or
eonl
yf
r
om VRmedi
a)
WebGL:
X3DOM :X3DunderWebGL
BTFphot
or
eal
i
s
t
i
cac
c
ur
at
ei
nt
er
ac
t
i
ver
ender
i
ng
Spi
der
GL a gr
aphi
c
sl
i
br
ar
yf
or3d web appl
i
c
at
i
ons
,s
ome CH exampl
es
bl
oc
kmaps
,
HDR
os
gj
s
:mappi
ngOpenSc
eneGr
apht
oWebGL
Scenar
i
o4:Mul
t
i
medi
aVi
r
t
ualMuseum
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
19/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
D2.3b
DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Shor
tdescr
i
pt
i
on:AMul
t
i
medi
aVi
r
t
ualMus
eum i
sani
nt
er
ac
t
i
veexper
i
enc
et
hatbl
ends
vi
deo,audi
oandi
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
i
esandi
sdel
i
ver
edvi
aCDROM orDVD.Theexampl
ec
i
t
ed
bel
ow –Medi
evalDubl
i
n–i
sdel
i
ver
edvi
aDVD.
Exampl
es(
cont
ext
,depl
oyment
)
:
• '
Medi
evalDubl
i
n:Fr
om Vi
ki
ngst
oTudor
s
'i
sat
wodi
s
ci
nt
er
ac
t
i
vemul
t
i
medi
a
exper
i
enc
ec
over
i
ng l
i
f
ei
nDubl
i
nf
r
om 800AD t
o 1540AD.The‘
vi
deo exper
i
enc
e’
DVD pr
ovi
desat
ourofni
nemedi
evals
i
t
esus
i
ngadr
amat
i
cbl
endof3D vi
s
ual
i
z
at
i
onsandmoder
nl
i
v
eac
t
i
onf
oot
age.The‘
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
veDVD’pr
es
ent
sadet
ai
l
ed3D
modelofDubl
i
nt
hati
l
l
us
t
r
at
eshow t
hec
i
t
ydevel
opedf
r
om 840t
o1540.
Cont
extofuse:'
Medi
ev
alDubl
i
n'wasdev
el
opedasaneduc
at
i
onalt
ool
,t
oc
ommuni
c
at
e
Dubl
i
n'
smedi
evalhi
s
t
or
yt
opr
i
mar
ys
c
hoolc
hi
l
dr
en.I
twasdi
s
t
r
i
but
edt
oal
ls
c
hool
si
nt
he
c
i
t
y.RAs
ec
ondedi
t
i
onc
ont
ai
ni
ngmor
emat
er
i
alwasdevel
opedf
oragener
ali
nt
er
es
t
/
t
our
i
s
taudi
enc
e.
I
nnovat
i
on (
t
echnol
ogi
cal
)
:Thepr
i
nc
i
pali
nnovat
i
on ofMedi
evali
st
hei
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve3D
model
.I
ti
sdi
s
pl
ay
edasamapwi
t
has
c
r
ol
l
abl
et
i
mel
i
neandi
nc
l
udesnumer
ousc
l
i
c
kabl
e
‘
hot
s
pot
s
’
.Us
i
ng t
hemap and t
i
mel
i
ne,us
er
sac
c
es
soveran hour
’
swor
t
h ofi
nt
er
ac
t
i
v
e
vi
deoc
over
i
ngdai
l
yl
i
f
e,hi
s
t
or
i
c
alev
ent
s
,i
nt
er
es
t
i
ngs
t
or
i
esandf
amousc
har
ac
t
er
st
hatexi
s
t
edover700year
s
.Themodelenabl
esus
er
st
os
eenotonl
yhow t
hec
i
t
yappear
edatany
onet
i
me,butal
s
ohow i
tdev
el
opedovert
i
me.Ot
heri
nnovat
i
onsi
nc
l
udet
hedev
el
opment
ofac
us
t
omi
z
edki
os
kwi
t
h‘
t
i
mel
i
nes
l
i
der
,
’anddevel
opmentofani
PhoneapponDubl
i
n’
s
Medi
ev
alWal
l(
Fi
g.6)
.
I
nnovat
i
on(
communi
cat
i
on/
pedagogi
cal
)
:
Medi
ev
alDubl
i
nus
esanumberofi
nnovat
i
veappr
oac
hest
oc
ommuni
c
at
et
hemedi
evalhi
s
t
or
yoft
hec
i
t
y.Hi
s
t
or
i
c
alevent
s
,c
onc
ept
sandbel
i
ef
sar
eexpl
ai
nedus
i
ng3D v
i
s
ual
i
z
at
i
ons
andani
mat
i
onsofmanyhi
s
t
or
i
cs
i
t
es
.A ‘
s
t
r
eet
t
r
ac
ker
’f
eat
ur
eover
l
aysamoder
nmapof
Dubl
i
nov
ert
hemedi
ev
alone,demons
t
r
at
i
ngt
hei
nf
l
uenc
eoft
hehi
s
t
or
i
c
alper
i
od.Mul
t
i
pl
emoder
nnar
r
at
i
v
ef
or
mat
sar
eus
edt
obr
i
nghi
s
t
or
i
c
als
t
or
i
est
ol
i
f
e.Spec
i
f
i
cl
ear
ni
ng
out
c
omesal
i
gned wi
t
ht
heI
r
i
s
h pr
i
mar
ys
c
hoolc
ur
r
i
c
ul
um wer
ei
dent
i
f
i
ed f
oreac
h‘
hot
s
pot
.
’Thi
sens
ur
edt
hatt
hec
ont
entoft
heVM c
ompl
i
ment
edc
l
as
s
r
oom t
eac
hi
ng(
Fi
g.7)
.
CG andVi
deo
3D-XSISof
t
i
mageand3DMax
Des
i
gn-Adobes
ui
t
eofpr
oduc
t
s
FX-Af
t
er
Ef
f
ec
t
s
,Fl
ame
Vi
deo-Avi
d,FCP
Devel
opment
Fl
as
h,
Ar
dui
noandr
es
i
s
t
ors
t
r
i
pf
orKi
os
k
i
Phonedevel
opmentki
t
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
20/138
2
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VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Scenar
i
o5:Di
gi
t
alAr
chi
ve
Shor
tdescr
i
pt
i
on:
Di
gi
t
alar
c
hi
vesar
ebec
omi
ngmor
eandmor
epopul
ar
,ast
heamountofdi
gi
t
ali
nf
or
mat
i
on
i
nc
r
eas
es
,t
oget
herwi
t
ht
hewi
s
hoft
hepubl
i
ct
ogai
nac
c
es
st
oi
nf
or
mat
i
on.Thi
sr
equi
r
es
notonl
yar
obus
ts
ys
t
em ofs
t
or
i
ngi
nf
or
mat
i
on,butal
s
oi
nt
el
l
i
gentt
ool
st
or
et
r
i
ev
ei
t
.
Ther
ear
es
ever
alc
r
uc
i
alf
ac
t
or
st
hathav
et
obec
ons
i
der
edwhendes
i
gni
ngadi
gi
t
alar
c
hi
ve
f
orCul
t
ur
alHer
i
t
age:
1.awel
l
def
i
nedt
hes
aur
usoft
er
mst
hatbes
tdes
c
r
i
best
heCHas
s
et
sandi
si
nl
i
newi
t
ht
he
pl
annedus
eoft
hedi
gi
t
alar
c
hi
ve
2.Aus
er
f
r
i
endl
yi
nges
t
i
ons
ys
t
em
3.Adi
gi
t
alr
epos
i
t
or
yt
hatt
akesi
nt
oc
ons
i
der
at
i
ont
hepos
s
i
bl
edi
f
f
er
entmet
adat
as
c
hemes
ofi
t
sdi
gi
t
alc
ont
ent
.
4.Ani
nt
el
l
i
gents
ear
c
h/br
ows
es
ys
t
em t
hatof
f
er
sal
t
er
nat
i
v
epat
hsofac
c
es
st
ot
hes
t
or
ed
i
nf
or
mat
i
on.
5.Adi
gi
t
alar
c
hi
vet
hati
seas
i
l
yac
c
es
s
i
bl
eandc
onnec
t
abl
et
oot
hers
i
mi
l
arar
c
hi
ves
.
Cont
extofuse:
Di
gi
t
alAr
c
hi
vesar
eaf
undament
alc
omponentf
orvi
r
t
ualmus
eums
;t
hes
uc
c
es
sorf
ai
l
ur
eof
anyki
ndofvi
r
t
ualmus
eum l
i
esondes
i
gni
ngandi
mpl
ement
i
ngas
ol
i
ddi
gi
t
alar
c
hi
ve,wi
t
h
ar
obus
tar
c
hi
t
ec
t
ur
eandr
i
c
hc
ont
ent
.Ass
uc
h,i
ti
senvi
s
i
onedt
hatmuc
hef
f
or
twi
l
lbedevot
edi
nt
heVMus
tpr
oj
ec
ti
nor
dert
ounder
s
t
andwhi
c
ht
ypesoft
hes
aur
iar
emos
ts
ui
t
ed
f
orvi
r
t
ualmus
eums
,whi
c
h ar
et
hemet
adat
as
c
hemast
hatbes
tdes
c
r
i
beCH as
s
et
st
o be
us
edi
nv
i
r
t
ualmus
eums
,andwhi
c
ht
ypesofr
epos
i
t
or
i
ess
er
vebes
tvi
r
t
ualmus
eums
.Fi
nal
l
y,
agr
eatef
f
or
ts
houl
dbei
nv
es
t
edi
nc
r
eat
i
ngt
her
i
ghti
nt
er
f
ac
esf
orac
c
es
s
i
ngt
hi
sdat
a,f
or
ar
i
c
hi
nt
er
oper
at
i
onofus
er/i
nf
or
mat
i
on,i
nas
us
t
ai
nabl
eenvi
r
onment
.
4.
32011Concl
usi
ons
Att
hec
onc
l
us
i
onoft
her
es
ear
c
hatt
hebas
i
soft
hi
sDel
i
v
er
abl
ei
spos
s
i
bl
et
os
ayt
hathow
t
hemodei
nwhi
c
h,bot
hi
ns
i
deEur
opeandout
s
i
deEur
ope,ar
epr
es
ent
edanddi
s
s
emi
nat
ed
VM c
ol
l
ec
t
sf
or
msofc
ommuni
c
at
i
ont
ec
hnol
ogi
esv
er
ydi
f
f
er
ent
.
The i
dent
i
f
i
ed "c
at
egor
i
es
" and t
he "def
i
ni
t
i
ons
" ar
et
he bas
i
st
oc
ar
r
y on f
ur
t
herr
es
ear
c
hesandc
ol
l
ec
tdat
aaboutVMsi
nt
hewor
l
d.
Ther
ear
es
t
i
l
ls
ever
alpoi
nt
st
odi
s
c
us
s
:
1. Thel
i
nkbet
weent
heVM andt
her
ealmus
eum.Thedec
i
s
i
ont
ot
hi
nkornotona
vi
r
t
ualc
ol
l
ec
t
i
ononl
y“i
ns
i
de”t
hephys
i
c
als
pac
ei
namus
eum c
oul
dbec
r
i
t
i
c
alf
or
t
hef
ur
t
hers
t
udi
es
,andt
ot
al
l
yc
hangest
hemannerofus
eandt
her
el
at
i
ons
hi
pwi
t
h
t
hepubl
i
c
.Thei
s
s
uehasal
r
eadybeenpar
t
i
al
l
ydevel
opedi
nt
hepr
evi
ousdel
i
ver
abl
e,buti
tc
er
t
ai
nl
ydes
er
v
esf
ur
t
herat
t
ent
i
on.A keypoi
ntgi
v
ens
i
nc
et
hebas
i
sof
t
hedef
i
ni
t
i
onofmus
eum,vi
r
t
ualornot
,i
ti
st
heas
s
umpt
i
ont
hatt
her
ear
evi
s
i
t
or
s
;
2. The “c
ons
i
s
t
enc
y” f
ora def
i
ni
t
i
on ofVMst
hatgat
hert
oget
hert
he c
at
egor
i
es
al
r
eadyf
ound:t
hi
si
s
s
uei
sal
s
over
yi
mpor
t
antf
ort
hes
el
ec
t
i
onoft
heVMs
;
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Date: 31-01-2013
3. Thel
ac
kofanobj
ec
t
i
v
edef
i
ni
t
i
onofVM ac
c
ept
edi
nEur
opeandout
s
i
deEur
ope
makesi
tver
ydi
f
f
i
c
ul
tt
oi
dent
i
f
yt
heVMsi
nwor
l
d.Themaps
howswi
t
hi
mmedi
ac
y
asi
nEur
opet
her
ei
sal
ar
genumberofVMsc
ompar
edt
ot
her
es
toft
hewor
l
d.We
havet
o emphas
i
zet
hatt
hi
sf
ac
ti
snotabs
ol
ut
el
yobj
ec
t
i
v
e.Thephenomenon i
s
c
aus
edbyt
hef
ac
tt
hati
nEur
ope,i
nc
ompar
i
s
ont
ot
heot
herc
ount
r
i
esi
nt
hewor
l
d,
wegener
al
l
ydef
i
neVM anywebs
i
t
et
hatpr
opos
est
ot
hepubl
i
cadi
gi
t
al
i
zedc
ol
l
ect
i
on.Thec
ont
i
nuat
i
onoft
hewor
ki
ndef
i
ni
ngwhati
saVM i
st
her
ef
or
ees
s
ent
i
alt
o
expandt
her
es
ear
c
handr
eac
hobj
ec
t
i
ver
es
ul
t
s
.
4. Theel
abor
at
i
on ofs
c
enar
i
osi
sapr
ec
ondi
t
i
on f
orc
ont
i
nui
ng t
hei
nves
t
i
gat
i
on of
VMsexi
s
t
i
ngal
s
oi
nt
er
net
.Forar
r
i
v
eatadef
i
ni
t
i
on ofVM i
si
nf
ac
tnec
es
s
ar
yt
o
c
ont
i
nuet
hes
ur
v
eywor
konal
lt
ypol
ogi
esofVM ext
endi
ngt
heanal
ys
i
st
oot
her
c
as
es
t
udi
esc
ont
i
nui
ngwi
t
ht
hemet
hodspr
opos
edabovebyt
hes
c
enar
i
os
.
4.
4What“i
nnovat
i
on”meansi
nVMs?2casest
udi
es
Casest
udy1
“Meet
i
ngatt
heAnci
entAgor
a”
Exhi
bi
t
i
onc
ombi
ni
ngdi
f
f
er
entt
ypesofexhi
bi
t
s
,bot
hhi
gh,l
ow andnont
ec
h,whi
c
hal
l
ow
di
f
f
er
entki
ndsofexpl
or
at
i
onanddegr
eesofc
ol
l
abor
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Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
22/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
D2.3b
DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
I
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Grant Agreement 270404
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Public
23/138
2
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
Fort
hef
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n2011
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n2012
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Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
24/138
2
Doc. Identifier:
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DELI
VERABLEREPORT
Date: 31-01-2013
As
el
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x.Ac
c
or
di
ng t
ot
he
Del
i
ver
abl
e2.
1,t
hef
or
mc
ont
ai
nsi
nf
or
mat
i
onr
el
at
i
v
et
o:
1. Nameoft
hemuseum
2. I
nst
i
t
ut
i
on:devel
oper
sandowner
3. WebLi
nk:webs
i
t
e,vi
deo,oronl
i
neappl
i
c
at
i
on
4. Cont
ent
:ar
c
haeol
ogy,ar
c
hi
t
ec
t
ur
e,ar
t
,et
c
.
5. Descr
i
pt
i
on:s
hor
tdes
c
r
i
pt
i
onoft
hec
ont
ent
s
6. I
nt
er
act
i
on:i
nt
er
ac
t
i
veornoni
nt
er
ac
t
i
veandt
ec
hnol
ogi
c
ali
nf
or
mat
i
on (
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
on
devi
c
e,vi
s
ual
i
z
at
i
ondev
i
c
eandt
ec
hnol
ogyus
ed)
7. Dur
at
i
on:t
empor
ar
y,per
i
odi
corper
manent
8. Communi
cat
i
on:des
c
r
i
pt
i
v
eornar
r
at
i
ve
9. Levelofi
mmer
si
on:non/
l
ow/
medi
um/
hi
ghi
mmer
s
i
v
eac
c
or
di
ngt
ot
het
ec
h.us
ed
10.Di
st
r
i
but
i
on:onl
i
ne,ons
i
t
eormobi
l
e
11.Scope: educ
at
i
onal
, edut
ai
nment
, ent
er
t
ai
nment
, r
es
ear
c
h, pr
omot
i
on or
enhanc
ementoft
hevi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e
12.Sust
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:r
eus
abl
eornonr
eus
abl
eas
s
et
,t
ool
sand s
of
t
war
e.Mai
nt
enanc
eof
t
hemus
eum
Themet
hodol
ogyappl
i
ed i
nt
her
es
ear
c
h anal
ys
i
soft
hevi
r
t
ualmus
eumsc
ar
r
i
ed outi
n
2012hasnow beenappl
i
edal
s
ot
ot
hos
et
akeni
nt
oc
ons
i
der
at
i
oni
n2011bec
aus
emuc
h
i
nf
or
mat
i
on wasmi
s
s
i
ng.Mor
eovert
hi
soper
at
i
on al
l
owed ust
oc
hec
ki
ft
he mus
eum
s
ur
v
eyedi
n2011wer
es
t
i
l
lwor
ki
ngornot
.
Thi
sanal
yt
i
c
alf
or
m appl
i
ed t
o al
lmus
eum s
ur
v
ey,al
l
owed es
s
ent
i
ali
nf
or
mat
i
on t
o be
gai
nedi
nor
dert
oc
l
as
s
i
f
yt
hemus
eumsandobt
ai
nquant
i
t
at
i
v
eands
t
at
i
s
t
i
ci
nf
or
mat
i
on
us
ef
ulf
ort
heanal
ys
i
s
.Al
i
s
toft
hes
ummar
i
esandc
har
t
soft
hevi
r
t
ualmus
eumsanal
y
s
edi
s
at
t
ac
hedt
ot
hepr
es
entdoc
ument
.
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Date: 31-01-2013
5.
2Resul
t
s
Theexper
i
enc
eac
qui
r
edandt
hes
ur
veyc
ar
r
i
edoutdur
i
ngt
hes
ec
ondyearofanal
ys
i
son
“s
t
at
eofar
t
”ofVM,i
mpr
ovedourawar
enes
saboutt
her
ol
eandai
msofvi
r
t
ualmus
eums
,
andt
hei
rs
ubdi
v
i
s
i
oni
ns
c
enar
i
os
.Thi
si
swhatc
amet
ol
i
ght
:
Unl
i
kear
ealmus
eum,whi
c
hi
sf
oc
us
ed bot
h on c
ons
er
vat
i
on (
c
ol
l
ec
t
i
on ofobj
ec
t
sf
r
om
v
ar
i
ousc
ul
t
ur
als
ec
t
or
s
)andc
ommuni
c
at
i
vepur
pos
es
,t
hemai
nf
eat
ur
eofavi
r
t
ualmus
eum
c
r
eat
ed up t
o nowadaysi
smanl
y or
i
ent
ed on c
ommuni
c
at
i
on and par
t
i
c
ul
ar
l
y on t
he
r
el
at
i
ons
hi
pi
tes
t
abl
i
s
heswi
t
ht
heus
erwhi
c
hs
houl
d bes
t
r
uc
t
ur
ed i
ns
uc
h awaywhi
c
h
l
i
nksc
ommuni
c
at
i
onandf
r
ui
t
i
on.
Byc
ommuni
c
at
i
onwemeant
heabi
l
i
t
yoft
heVM t
odi
s
s
emi
nat
ec
ul
t
ur
eandt
ur
n“r
aw”
dat
ai
nt
oi
nf
or
mat
i
on,r
egar
dl
es
sofwhot
hef
i
nalus
eri
s
.
Byf
r
ui
t
i
onwemeant
hewayi
nwhi
c
ht
heus
ervi
s
ual
i
zesandi
nt
er
ac
t
swi
t
ht
hec
ont
ent
s
pr
es
ent
ed.
Thes
ys
t
em ofc
ommuni
c
at
i
on/
f
r
ui
t
i
oni
nf
ac
t
,wi
l
lnotwor
kunl
es
st
he“r
aw”dat
ac
omes
ac
r
os
sc
l
ear
l
yt
ot
heus
er
.Thi
si
sac
hi
ev
edus
i
ngas
ys
t
em ofdi
f
f
us
i
onmadeupof
,ont
he
onehand,ani
nt
er
f
ac
e,behavi
ouranddevi
c
es(
t
ec
hnol
ogy)
,andont
heot
herhandbya
nar
r
at
i
v
eandc
ommuni
c
at
i
v
es
c
heme(
c
ont
ent
s
)
.
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r
t
ualmus
eum,f
oc
us
esat
t
ent
i
onont
heus
er
,r
at
hert
hanont
heobj
ec
t
,andf
unc
t
i
ons
onl
yi
fi
tc
onveysames
s
aget
hatt
heus
erc
anexpl
oi
t
.Ac
c
or
di
ngt
ot
heanal
ys
i
sandt
aki
ng
i
nc
ons
i
der
at
i
on al
lt
hathasbeen ment
i
oned above,t
he vi
r
t
ualmus
eumshav
e been
c
l
as
s
i
f
i
edi
nnew 6Sc
enar
i
os
.
The pr
evi
ousc
at
egor
i
z
at
i
on (
2011)s
eemsnowadaysi
nappr
opr
i
at
e bec
aus
ei
tdoesnot
des
c
r
i
bec
ompl
et
el
yt
hes
t
at
eofar
tofvi
r
t
ualmus
eum.
Vi
r
t
ualmus
eum i
nf
ac
ti
sas
um ofs
t
y
l
i
s
t
i
cs
ol
ut
i
ons
/
c
ont
ent
sandt
ec
hnol
ogi
c
als
ol
ut
i
ons
.
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evi
ousc
at
egor
i
z
at
i
on,wasbas
edonl
yondi
s
t
r
i
but
i
onandt
ec
hnol
ogi
c
alc
r
i
t
er
i
aand
does
n’
tt
akei
nc
ons
i
der
at
i
onanot
herf
undament
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ementt
hatc
har
ac
t
er
i
zest
heVM,t
he
“c
ommuni
c
at
i
on”,t
hatdef
i
net
heexper
i
enc
eoft
heus
er
.
Fur
t
her
mor
et
he t
ype of c
ommuni
c
at
i
on, i
mpl
i
es di
f
f
er
ent l
evel
s of us
er c
ogni
t
i
ve
i
nvol
v
ementandf
r
ui
t
i
on:onl
yi
nf
or
mat
i
on(
des
c
r
i
pt
i
v
e)ori
nf
or
mat
i
onandt
hec
hr
onol
ogy
ofevent
s(
nar
r
at
i
v
e)andc
ons
equent
l
yt
hel
evelofus
erpar
t
i
c
i
pat
i
on(
ac
t
i
v
eorpas
s
i
ve)
.
I
nc
onc
l
us
i
on,t
henew pr
opos
ali
st
oaddt
ypeofc
ommuni
c
at
i
onasdi
s
c
r
i
mi
nat
i
ngf
ac
t
ort
o
c
l
as
s
i
f
yt
heVM i
ns
c
enar
i
ost
hatar
eor
gani
zedasf
ol
l
ows
:
nar
r
at
i
veonl
i
ne.
nar
r
at
i
veonsi
t
e.
nar
r
at
i
vemobi
l
e.
descr
i
pt
i
veonl
i
ne.
descr
i
pt
i
veonsi
t
e.
descr
i
pt
i
vemobi
l
e.
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I
nAnnex1and3,al
lt
hes
ur
veyedVi
r
t
ualMus
eumsar
eor
gani
zedi
nt
ot
hos
es
i
xs
c
enar
i
o
t
hatr
epr
es
entt
heevol
vi
ng s
t
at
eoft
hear
toft
hi
ss
ec
t
or
.However
,i
n or
dert
o pr
ovi
de
s
ome ex
ampl
ec
as
est
hatbes
tr
epr
es
entt
hos
es
c
enar
i
os
,appr
oxi
mat
el
y25,out
s
t
andi
ng
vi
r
t
ualmus
eumshav
ebeenev
al
uat
ed.
Thes
emus
eumshavebeenc
hos
ennotf
ol
l
owi
ngs
c
i
ent
i
f
i
cc
ons
t
r
ai
nt
s(
t
hei
nf
or
mat
i
onl
ev
el
aboutt
hemus
eum i
snotuni
f
or
m)butac
c
or
di
ngt
oagui
del
i
net
hatt
ooki
nt
oc
ons
i
der
at
i
on
aut
ops
i
cexper
i
enc
e(
mus
eumswehaveac
c
es
s
ed orphys
i
c
al
l
yvi
s
i
t
ed)
,t
he“Ar
c
heovi
r
t
ual
20112012”par
t
i
c
i
pat
i
ng mus
eumsand t
he“Ar
c
heovi
r
t
ual2012”expo ons
i
t
eev
al
uat
i
on
1
(
s
eeDel
.2.
7)
.
Outoft
hes
e25mus
eums
,s
evenhavebeenc
hos
enasr
epr
es
ent
at
i
v
ec
as
es
:oneort
wof
or
eac
hs
c
enar
i
o(
des
c
r
i
bed i
nt
he next par
agr
aph)
.Thes
e mus
eums have been c
hos
en
ac
c
or
di
ng t
o qual
i
t
yc
r
i
t
er
i
a,es
t
abl
i
s
hed i
nt
he del
i
v
er
abl
e 2.
1,t
hatc
onc
er
n mai
nl
yt
he
i
nnov
at
i
onandt
hepedagogi
c
alappr
oac
hoft
hemus
eum i
ns
t
al
l
at
i
ons
.Thi
si
sas
ummar
yof
t
hec
r
i
t
er
i
aus
edi
nt
hi
ski
ndofev
al
uat
i
on:
1. Pedagogi
calqual
i
t
y
1.
1.Es
t
abl
i
s
hmentofc
onc
r
et
epedagogi
c
alobj
ec
t
i
vesi
neac
hc
as
e
1.
2.Cont
r
olofc
ompl
i
anc
ewi
t
ht
ar
get
edpedagogi
c
alobj
ec
t
i
ves
1.
3.Es
t
abl
i
s
hmentofpr
ec
i
s
eeval
uat
i
onpr
oc
es
s
1.
4.Cl
ar
i
t
yoft
hec
onc
ept
ual
i
zat
i
on
1.
5.Bal
anc
ebet
weenknowl
edgeaf
f
or
danc
eandent
er
t
ai
nmentat
t
r
ac
t
i
on
2. Techni
calqual
i
t
y
2.
1.Tec
hni
c
alvi
abi
l
i
t
y
2.
2.I
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
y
2.
3.Us
abi
l
i
t
y
2.
4.S
af
et
y
2.
5.I
mmer
s
i
on
2.
6.Mi
gr
at
i
on,t
r
ans
f
erandr
eadapt
at
i
onoft
hedat
a
2.
7.Adequac
yoft
heempl
oyedt
ec
hni
quesf
ort
heac
hi
evementoft
hegoal
s(
educ
at
i
onal
,aes
t
het
i
c
)
2.
8.Eas
i
nes
sofc
or
r
ec
t
i
onsandaddi
t
i
ons
3. Vi
sual
i
zat
i
onandmet
adat
aqual
i
t
y
3.
1.Vi
s
ualandaes
t
het
i
cappeal
3.
2.Vi
s
uali
nt
el
l
i
gi
bi
l
i
t
y
3.
3.Met
adat
ac
ompl
et
enes
sandt
r
ans
par
enc
y
4. Museol
ogi
calqual
i
t
y
4.
1.I
nt
er
ac
t
i
vi
t
y
4.
2.Emot
i
onalengagementoft
hevi
s
i
t
or
s
1
Wehaver
ec
ei
v
eddi
gi
t
alas
s
et
s(
s
of
t
war
eandmedi
a)f
r
om al
lt
hemus
eum t
hatt
ookpar
t
i
nt
he“Ar
c
heovi
r
t
ual
”.
Public
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4.
3.F
ac
i
l
i
t
at
i
onofvi
s
i
t
or
sf
l
ow
4.
4.Per
i
pher
als
uppor
t(
t
ext
ual
,mul
t
i
medi
a,humanagent
)
4.
5.Coor
di
nat
i
onbet
weenas
s
i
s
t
anthumanagentandVM exhi
bi
t
4.
6.Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y
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Repr
esent
at
i
vecaseseval
uat
ed:
D
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
/
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Communi
cat
i
on/
Userexper
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ence
Descr
i
pt
i
ve
Nar
r
at
i
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Onl
i
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Onsi
t
e
Mobi
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LocusI
magi
ni
s
Par
i
s3D
“Vi
ewsOfGhent
”Mul
t
i
medi
a,
STAM Museum
Et
r
uscanni
ng
TheMycenaeanAcr
opol
i
sOfThebesAndThe
Di
gi
t
alCul
t
ur
alEncycl
opaedi
aOfBoeot
i
a
Br
avo,Br
ai
nComput
erI
nt
er
f
ace
Mat
er
a,t
al
esofci
t
y
I
nc
onc
l
us
i
onoft
he2012exper
ts
ur
veywec
r
eat
edas
t
r
uc
t
ur
eds
pr
eads
heett
hatc
ont
ai
nsal
lt
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i
t
at
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vedat
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he150Vi
r
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ualMus
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ai
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at
i
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at
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i
est
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how how t
heVi
r
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ualMus
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,dev
el
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hel
as
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eny
ear
s
,c
ommuni
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emi
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t
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but
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.Ac
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s
,f
ol
l
ows
t
hes
t
at
i
s
t
i
c
ali
nf
or
mat
i
on:
Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
29/138
Vi
r
t
ualMuseums
39%:
descr
i
pt
i
veonl
i
ne
10%:nar
r
at
i
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ne
12%:des
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24%:nar
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9%:nar
r
at
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Cont
ent
:
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chaeol
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33%:ar
c
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11%:ar
t
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s
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4%:ot
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s
I
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act
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nt
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Dur
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CNR
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7.
2ANNEXES
7.1 ANNEX1:LI
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Grant Agreement 270404
CNR
Public
44/138
12. Ter
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gov.
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er
ac
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i
ondevi
c
e:vi
s
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s
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manent
Communi
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GR.
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Cont
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haeol
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I
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i
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i
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e:mous
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BRUNO KESSL
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nk:ht
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p:
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:Ar
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Des
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I
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i
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mar
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Dur
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manent
Communi
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i
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Sus
t
ai
nabi
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i
t
y:PETI
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Li
nk:ht
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p:
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:ar
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manent
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on:onl
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Sc
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Sus
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ai
nabi
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t
y:T.
ARC.
H.
N.
A
Li
nk:ht
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t
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t
i
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manent
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Sc
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h-educ
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Sus
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nabi
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y:-
THESEARCHFORI
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TY.TOMBTREASUREOFHAN CHI
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Li
nk:ht
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p:
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I
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ac
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VI
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ai
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RTUALMUSEUM OFANCI
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FACTS
Li
nk:ht
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p:
/
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mus
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I
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I
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i
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Sus
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VALENTI
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nk:ht
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I
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Dur
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Communi
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Sus
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VI
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ef
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oesaspos
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oughpor
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I
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i
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e:Devi
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vi
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ual
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mar
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phone
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hnol
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Dur
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amat
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z
at
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Lev
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Di
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i
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ope:educ
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ear
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PLEI
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I
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i
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ut
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ent
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c
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nt
er
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er
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i
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er
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i
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e:Touc
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ual
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as
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ai
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Sus
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ai
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i
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et
MARCUSCAELI
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I
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t
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ut
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c
alMus
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ent
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c
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ogyandhi
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or
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Des
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pt
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on:noti
nt
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ac
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veMovi
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I
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er
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er
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ual
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ed
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ai
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i
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Sus
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ai
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ut
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:ar
t
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Des
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at
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ldome
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hnol
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at
i
on:Communi
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at
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on:nar
r
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Lev
elofi
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on:i
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Di
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Sc
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ai
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ai
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t
i
t
ut
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l
eni
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ent
:ar
c
haeol
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r
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ualher
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age
Des
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I
nt
er
ac
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i
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nt
er
ac
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i
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c
e:
vi
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ual
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at
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or
s
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hnol
ogy:Dur
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manent
Communi
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r
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Lev
elofi
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on:i
mmer
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Di
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Sc
ope:edut
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Sus
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ai
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et
VI
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i
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ut
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eni
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Cont
ent
:ar
c
haeol
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r
t
ualher
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age
Des
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er
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t
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i
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I
nt
er
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t
i
ve:Yes
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er
ac
t
i
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ual
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at
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,Twoc
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i
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Communi
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on:nar
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ument
at
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s
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he
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i
on:f
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Di
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i
on dat
af
r
om l
ar
ge
s
c
i
ent
i
f
i
c
s
i
mul
at
i
onsper
f
or
medvi
ahi
ghr
es
ol
ut
i
oni
magi
ngappl
i
c
at
i
ons
.
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:nat
ur
ali
nt
er
f
ac
es(
AVI
E)
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
on devi
c
e: 360degr
ee s
t
er
eos
c
opi
c i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve vi
r
t
ual envi
r
onment
(
c
yl
i
ndr
i
c
aldome)i
nAVI
E(
Advanc
edVi
s
ual
i
z
at
i
onandI
nt
er
ac
t
i
onEnv
i
r
onment
)
t
ec
hnol
ogy:i
Ci
nemaSDKf
ort
heAVI
Es
ys
t
em (
ht
t
p:
/
/
i
c
i
nema.
uns
w.
edu.
au)
.The
i
Ci
nemaSDKi
sanex
t
ens
i
onoft
heGr
aphi
c
sAut
hor
i
ngSys
t
em Vi
r
t
ool
sal
l
owi
ngt
he
pr
ogr
ammert
ohandl
es
pec
i
alt
ypesofhar
dwar
eandv
i
s
ual
i
zat
i
ons
ys
t
ems(
pr
oj
ec
t
i
on
c
l
us
t
er
,c
yl
i
ndr
i
c
aldomes
,
c
av
esands
of
or
t
h)
.
Dur
at
i
on:Per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:nar
r
at
i
v
eanddes
c
r
i
pt
i
ve
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:hi
ghi
mmer
s
i
v
e
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:educ
at
i
onal
,edut
ai
nment
,enhanc
ementofv
i
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:-
DI
SCOVERI
NG SABI
NAE(
ongoi
ng)
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:STEPs
r
l
Cont
ent
:ar
c
haeol
ogy
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:vi
deopr
oj
ec
t
i
onsons
t
enogr
aphi
cwal
l
s
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:no
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:pr
oj
ec
t
edwal
l
s
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Dur
at
i
on:Per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:Des
c
r
i
pt
i
v
eandnar
r
at
i
ve
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:l
owi
mmer
s
i
ve
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:ent
er
t
ai
nment
,pr
omot
i
on,educ
at
i
onal
,edut
ai
nment
,enhanc
et
hevi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:eas
yt
omai
nt
ai
n;s
of
t
war
eus
edi
sopens
our
c
e
I
N THEMI
RROROFTHEWONDEROFLUCA GI
ORDANO
Li
nk:ht
t
p:
/
/
www.
yout
ube.
c
om/
wat
c
h?v=XdMuj
2NQUI
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:Pal
azzomedi
c
iRi
c
c
ar
di
Cont
ent
:Ar
t
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:Mul
t
i
s
ens
or
yexper
i
enc
ei
t
i
ner
ar
ywi
t
hi
mpac
tas
s
es
s
ment
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:-
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Dur
at
i
on:t
empor
ar
y
Communi
c
at
i
on:nar
r
at
i
v
e
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:i
mmer
s
i
v
e
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:enhanc
ementofv
i
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:-
LASTSUPPERLSI
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:Fr
anzFi
s
hnal
l
erandSc
hoolofComput
erSc
i
enc
eandEl
ec
t
r
oni
cEngi
neer
i
ng,
Uni
ver
s
i
t
yofEs
s
ex,UK
Cont
ent
:Ar
t
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:Nat
ur
ali
nt
er
ac
t
i
on–r
ealt
i
mev
i
r
t
uali
nt
er
ac
t
i
v
es
t
er
eoappl
i
c
at
i
onbas
edi
n
Leonar
doDaVi
nc
i
’
sl
as
tSuppermas
t
er
pi
ec
e
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:ki
nec
t
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:Moni
t
or
/
pr
oj
ec
t
i
onc
l
ot
h
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Uni
t
y3D
Dur
at
i
on:Per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:nar
r
at
i
v
e-emot
i
onal
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:f
ul
l
yi
mmer
s
i
ve
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:ent
er
t
ai
nment
,edut
ai
nment
,enhanc
ementofv
i
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:notr
eus
abl
e
THEEGYPTI
AN ORACLEPERFORMANCE
Li
nk:ht
t
p:
/
/
publ
i
c
vr
.
or
g/
ht
ml
/
pr
o_or
ac
l
e.
ht
mlht
t
p:
/
/
publ
i
c
vr
.
or
g/
ht
ml
/
pr
o_gat
es
.
ht
ml
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:Publ
i
cVR
Cont
ent
:Ar
c
haeol
ogy
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:i
nt
er
ac
t
i
vel
i
veper
f
or
manc
ewi
t
h3Denvi
r
onment
,bodyt
r
ac
ki
ng/
mot
i
onc
apt
ur
e:
The“Egypt
i
anOr
acl
e”per
f
or
manc
ei
sal
i
ver
eenac
t
mentofanaut
hent
i
cpubl
i
cc
er
emony
f
r
om anc
i
entEgypt
’
sL
at
ePer
i
od;“Gat
esofHor
us"i
saneduc
at
i
onalgamebas
edont
he
Vi
r
t
ualEgypt
i
anTempl
e.Dur
i
ngpl
ay,t
heus
erhasaques
t
i
onandans
werdi
al
oguewi
t
ha
(
vi
r
t
ual
)Egypt
i
anpr
i
es
tr
egar
di
ngt
het
empl
e'
smaj
orf
eat
ur
esandt
hei
rmeani
ng
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:
o BNAVE(
Bal
anc
eNAVEAut
omat
i
cVi
r
t
ualEnv
i
r
onment
)
o Ear
t
ht
heat
r
e
o CaveUT
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:
o MVRC(
avi
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
ydi
s
pl
ayr
oom t
hati
sl
ar
geenoughf
oraper
s
ont
o
s
t
andi
nandi
nt
er
ac
twi
t
hdi
f
f
er
entvi
r
t
ualenvi
r
onment
s
)
o Panor
ami
cDi
s
pl
ay
o St
er
eogr
aphi
cdi
s
pl
ayandr
eal
t
i
mes
pat
i
alt
r
ac
ki
ng(
ALTERNATEPr
oj
ec
t
)
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Uni
t
y3D
Dur
at
i
on:Per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:bot
hnar
r
at
i
v
eanddes
c
r
i
pt
i
ve
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:f
ul
l
yi
mmer
s
i
ve
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:edut
ai
nment
,ent
er
t
ai
nment
,educ
at
i
onal
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:-
ROMANOVA GAMEPLAY
Li
nk:ht
t
p:
/
/
www.
s
er
i
ous
games
i
ns
t
i
t
ut
e.
c
o.
uk/
r
es
ear
c
h.
as
px?s
ec
t
i
on=14&i
t
em=171
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:Ser
i
ousGameI
ns
t
i
t
ut
e,UK
Cont
ent
:Ar
c
haeol
ogy,Hi
s
t
or
y
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:I
nt
er
ac
t
i
veSer
i
ousGame t
hatt
akespl
ac
ei
nar
epl
i
c
aoft
heant
i
quec
i
t
yofRome
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:“Emokey
”heads
et
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:Moni
t
or
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Thes
er
i
ousgamei
sf
ul
l
yoper
at
i
onaland i
t
’
sus
i
ng ac
ombi
nat
i
on of
Cogni
t
i
veandFac
i
al
/
Mus
c
ul
arf
unc
t
i
ons
.heEmot
i
vEmoEngi
ner
ef
er
st
ot
hel
ogi
c
al
abs
t
r
ac
t
i
on oft
he f
unc
t
i
onal
i
t
yt
hatEmot
i
vpr
ovi
des(
i
n edk.
dl
l
)
.The EmoEngi
ne
c
ommuni
c
at
eswi
t
ht
he Emot
i
vheads
et
,r
ec
ei
vespr
epr
oc
es
s
ed EEG and gyr
os
c
ope
dat
a,managesus
er
s
pec
i
f
i
corappl
i
c
at
i
ons
pec
i
f
i
cs
et
t
i
ngs
,per
f
or
mspos
t
pr
oc
es
s
i
ng,
and t
r
ans
l
at
est
heEmot
i
vdet
ec
t
i
on r
es
ul
t
si
nt
o an eas
yt
ous
es
t
r
uc
t
ur
ec
al
l
ed an
EmoSt
at
e.AnEmoSt
at
ei
sanopaquedat
as
t
r
uc
t
ur
et
hatc
ont
ai
nst
hec
ur
r
ents
t
at
eof
t
he Emot
i
v det
ec
t
i
ons
,whi
c
h,i
nt
ur
n,r
ef
l
ec
tt
he us
er
’
sf
ac
i
al
,emot
i
onaland
c
ogni
t
i
ves
t
at
e.EmoSt
at
edat
ai
sr
et
r
i
evedbyEmot
i
vAPIf
unc
t
i
ons
.
Dur
at
i
on:per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:nar
r
at
i
v
e,s
i
mul
at
i
onbehavi
or
s
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:br
ai
nwar
ei
mmer
s
i
on
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:ent
er
t
ai
nment
,edut
ai
nment
,r
es
ear
c
h
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:Tec
hnol
ogyc
anbeeas
i
l
yexc
hangedandr
eus
ed.t
he3Dc
ont
entoft
hegame(
t
he
anc
i
entRome3Dmodel
s
)bel
ongst
ot
heRomeRebor
nc
ons
or
t
i
um.
STAM,MUSEUM OFGENT
Li
nk:
ht
t
p:
/
/
www.
yout
ube.
c
om/
wat
c
h?f
eat
ur
e=ends
c
r
een&v=1awC9S5qi
XE&NR=1
ht
t
p:
/
/
www.
yout
ube.
c
om/
wat
c
h?v=j
Aa5t
_J
BpH0&f
eat
ur
e=pl
ayer
_embedded
ht
t
p:
/
/
www.
s
t
amgent
.
be/
en/
vi
s
i
t
/
per
manent
exhi
bi
t
i
on/
mul
t
i
medi
a/
vi
ews
of
ghent
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:STAM her
i
t
agef
or
um
Cont
ent
:Ar
t
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on: The s
t
or
y ofGhent
:A c
hr
onol
ogi
c
ali
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve t
r
ai
lmakesGhentl
egi
bl
e by
anal
yzi
ngt
hedi
f
f
er
entper
i
odsi
nhi
s
t
or
y.
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:Yes
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:-i
nt
er
ac
t
i
v
emul
t
i
medi
amap;mul
t
it
ouc
ht
abl
e
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:-moni
t
or
s
,pr
oj
ec
t
edhol
ogr
ams
,t
ouc
hs
c
r
een
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Dur
at
i
on:per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:nar
r
at
i
v
e,s
ens
or
i
alexper
i
enc
e
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:
medi
umi
mmer
s
i
v
e
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:edut
ai
nment-c
ul
t
ur
al
/
t
our
i
s
ti
nt
r
oduc
t
i
on
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:-
VI
RTUALMUSEUM OFSAN CAPRASI
O(
Aul
l
a,I
t
al
y)
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:VHNVi
r
t
ualher
i
t
ageNet
wor
kI
t
al
i
a,Mus
eodis
anCapr
as
i
o
Cont
ent
:Ar
c
haeol
ogy,Ar
c
hi
t
ec
t
ur
eandHi
s
t
or
y
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:i
nt
er
ac
t
i
vevi
r
t
ualmus
eum (
t
ouc
happl
i
c
at
i
on)t
oexpl
or
evi
r
t
ual
l
yt
he
ar
c
haeol
ogi
c
als
i
t
eoft
hemedi
evalAbbey–Shor
tMovi
et
hatnar
r
at
est
hes
t
or
yofSanCapr
as
i
o
andevol
ut
i
onoft
heChur
c
handAbbey
I
nt
er
ac
t
i
ve:y
es
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
ondevi
c
e:t
ouc
hs
c
r
een
vi
s
ual
i
s
at
i
ondevi
c
e:Moni
t
or
t
ec
hnol
ogy:Fl
as
h,3DSMax,Aut
odes
k123DCat
c
h
Dur
at
i
on:Per
manent
Communi
c
at
i
on:bot
hnar
r
at
i
v
e(
vi
deo)anddes
c
r
i
pt
i
ve(
i
nt
er
ac
t
i
veappl
i
c
at
i
on)
Lev
elofi
mmer
s
i
on:noti
mmer
s
i
v
e
Di
s
t
r
i
but
i
on:ons
i
t
e
Sc
ope:edut
ai
nment
,enhanc
ementofvi
s
i
t
orexper
i
enc
e,t
r
ai
ni
ngt
ot
hevi
s
i
t
Sus
t
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y:eas
yt
omai
nt
ai
nandt
oi
mpr
ovec
ont
ent
s
;as
s
et
spar
t
i
al
l
yr
eus
abl
e
VI
RTUALMYTHS
I
ns
t
i
t
ut
i
on:CULTNAT
Cont
ent
:Ar
c
haeol
ogy,Myt
h
Des
c
r
i
pt
i
on:Thepr
oj
ec
tai
mst
oi
dent
i
f
ys
omeoft
her
emar
kabl
emyt
hsi
nt
heanc
i
entEgypt
i
an
c
i
vi
l
i
zat
i
on and di
s
s
emi
nat
et
hem t
ot
he publ
i
ci
n an at
t
r
ac
t
i
ve and i
mmer
s
i
v
e way us
i
ng
advanc
ed vi
deo and pr
oj
ec
t
i
on t
ec
hnol
ogy.Thei
ns
t
al
l
at
i
on vi
s
i
bl
ei
n Cai
r
oi
sc
ompos
ed ofa
t
hr
eef
l
ats
c
r
eenst
hatdi
s
pl
ayawi
devi
deo(
2400x600pi
xel
s
)us
i
ng3pr
oj
ec
t
or
s
,buti
t
'
sal
s
oa
por
t
abl
ei
ns
t
al
l
at
i
on.Thes
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ps
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Sus
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MATERA TALEOFTHECI
TY APP
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Pad
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Dur
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CHESS – Cul
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age Exper
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ences t
hr
ough Soci
oper
sonal I
nt
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act
i
ons and
St
or
yt
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Li
nk:http:
/
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www.
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f
r
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.
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Dur
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7.
4ANNEX4:CHARTSAND I
MAGES(
2011and2012sur
veys)
Char
t9:Resul
t
i
ngper
cent
ageoft
he150Vi
r
t
ualMus
eums
,s
ur
veyedi
n2011and2012,
cl
assi
f
i
edi
nt
ot
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xscenar
i
os
Char
t10:Cont
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s
Char
t11:I
nt
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act
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on
Char
t12:Dur
at
i
on
Char
t13:Communi
cat
i
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Char
t14:Levelofi
mmer
si
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Char
t15:Di
st
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i
but
i
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Char
t16:Scope
Char
t17:Scope
Char
t18:Sust
ai
nabi
l
i
t
y
Char
t19:Mostusedsof
t
war
e(
f
r
ee,opensour
ceandcommer
ci
al
)
Fi
g.8:Luc
usI
magi
ni
s.Sci
ent
i
f
i
csemant
i
cdat
abasei
sass
oci
at
edwi
t
h3D.
Fi
g.9:LocusI
magi
ni
s.Rel
at
i
onbet
ween3Dmodel
sand2D
Fi
g.10:Par
i
s3D.Mai
npageandhi
st
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i
calbui
l
di
ngsel
ect
i
on
Fi
g.11:Par
i
s3D:Navi
gat
i
onand3D r
econst
r
uct
i
onoft
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t
y
Fi
g.12:Par
i
s3D.Vi
r
t
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ourt
hr
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hehi
st
or
y
Fi
g.13:Par
i
s3D:t
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g.14:Et
r
uscanni
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onsyst
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g.15:Et
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Fi
g.16:Descenti
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us.Scr
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om t
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g.17:TheEt
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ci
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Fi
g.19:Br
avo:exampl
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Fi
g.20:Br
avo.Headsetandmobi
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Fi
g.21:Br
avo.exampl
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ace
Fi
g.22:Mat
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a.Tal
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Fi
g.23:Mat
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a.Tal
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y.Useri
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acesoni
Phone
Fi
g.24:STAM museum.“Vi
ew ofGhent
”mul
t
i
medi
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oom
Fi
g.25:STAM Musem.I
nt
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act
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vei
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onwhi
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g.26:STAM Musem.Useri
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act
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on
Fi
g.27:STAM museum.Ot
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at
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oni
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hemuseum:Hol
ogr
aphi
cr
oom.
7.
5ANNEX5:BI
BLI
OGRAPHY
Ant
i
nuc
c
iF.
,“Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum”.I
nVi
r
t
ualMus
eumsandar
c
haeol
ogy.Thec
ont
r
i
but
i
onof
t
heI
t
al
i
anNat
i
onalRes
ear
c
hCounc
i
l
,Ed.P.Mos
c
at
i
,Ar
c
heol
ogi
aeCal
c
ol
at
or
i
,Suppl
.1,2007:
7986.
Ant
i
nuc
c
iF.
,Mus
eiVi
r
t
ual
i-Comenonf
ar
ei
nnovazi
onet
ec
nol
ogi
c
a,L
at
er
z
a,Bar
i2007.
Bar
c
el
oJ
.
A.
,For
t
eM.
,Sander
sD.(
eds
.
)
,Vi
r
t
ualReal
i
t
yi
nAr
c
haeol
ogy,2000.
Dj
ndj
i
anF
.
,“Thevi
r
t
ualmus
eum:ani
nt
r
oduc
t
i
on”,i
nVi
r
t
ualMus
eumsandar
c
haeol
ogy.The
c
ont
r
i
but
i
onoft
heI
t
al
i
anNat
i
onalRes
ear
c
hCounc
i
”l
,Ed.P.Mos
c
at
i
,Ar
c
heol
ogi
aeCal
c
ol
at
or
i
,
Suppl
.1,2007:914.
Ec
onomou,M.& Puj
olTos
t
,L.(
2011)“Ev
al
uat
i
ng t
he us
e ofvi
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
yand mul
t
i
medi
a
appl
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c
at
i
onsf
orpr
es
ent
i
ng t
he pas
t
”i
n St
yl
i
ar
as
,G.
,Koukopoul
os
,D.And L
azar
i
ni
s
,F
.(
eds
)
HandbookofRes
ear
c
honTec
hnol
ogi
esandCul
t
ur
alHer
i
t
age:Appl
i
c
at
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onsandEnvi
r
onment
s
,
I
GIGl
obal(
i
npr
es
s
)
.
For
t
eM.
,1993,Unes
per
i
ment
odivi
s
ual
i
zzaz
i
ones
c
i
ent
i
f
i
c
aperl
’
ar
c
heol
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adelpaes
aggi
o:l
a
navi
gazi
one nelpaes
aggi
o “vi
r
t
ual
e”,i
n‘
Ar
c
heol
ogi
a e Cal
c
ol
at
or
i
1,4,1993,pp.137152;
J
ac
obs
onR.
,Vi
r
t
ualwor
l
dsc
apt
ur
es
pat
i
alr
eal
i
t
y
,i
n‘
GI
SWor
l
d’
,Di
c
.1994,pp.3639
Gi
l
l
i
ngsM.
,Engagi
ng pl
ac
e:af
r
amewor
kf
ort
hei
nt
egr
at
i
on and r
eal
i
s
at
i
on ofv
i
r
t
ualr
eal
i
t
y
appr
oac
hesi
nar
c
haeol
ogy,i
n‘
Ar
c
haeol
ogyi
nt
heageoft
heI
nt
er
net
.CAA1997’
,BAR,London,
1999.
Gr
anel
l
iA.e Tr
ac
l
ò F.
,(
ac
ur
a di
)
,I
nnovazi
one e c
ul
t
ur
a – Come l
et
ec
nol
ogi
e di
gi
t
al
i
pot
enzi
er
annol
ar
endi
t
adelnos
t
r
opat
r
i
moni
oc
ul
t
ur
al
e,Mi
l
ano,I
lSol
e24ORES.
p.
A.
,2006.
Hoel
l
er
erT.
,F
ei
nerS
.
,Ter
auc
hiT.
,Ras
hi
dG.andHal
l
awayD.
,Expl
or
i
ngmar
s
:Devel
opi
ngi
ndoor
and out
doorus
eri
nt
er
f
ac
est
o amobi
l
eaugment
ed r
eal
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t
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