John F Kennedy: Shugaban Amurka da ya fi ganawa da shugabannin ƴancin kai na Afirka

28 Fabrairu 2021

Shugaba Kennedy da Kwame Nkrumah — Bayanan hoto, Shugaba John F Kennedy tare da shugaban Ghana na farko kuma mai fafutuka Kwame Nkrumah a fadar White House a watan Maris, 1961

Kafin zaman Kennedy shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 1961, ƙasarsa ba ta fahimci gagarumin sauyin da ake samu a nahiyar Afrika ba.

Bayan kashe shi a 1963 ne kuma abubuwa suka sauya.

Kuma a ɗan lokacin da ya shafe na shugabancin Amurka, Kennedy ya karɓi baƙuncin ko dai shugabannin ƙasashen da suka samu ƴanci da yawansu ya kai sama da 20, ko kuma jekadunsu.

Shugaba John F. Kennedy ya gida shugaban Senegal Léopold Sédar Senghor — Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Senegal Leopold Sedar Senghor kenan wanda ƙusa ne a fafutukar neman ƴancin ƙasashe renon Faransa bayan isa Washington a watan Nuwamban 1961

Shekara ɗaya kafin ya zama shugaban ƙasa, ƙasashe 17 ne suka samu ƴancin kai daga iyayen gijinsu, kuma tun a lokacin ne Kennedy ya fahimci cewa akwai buƙatar haɗa kai da sabbin ƙasashen na Afrika.

Shugaba Kennedy da Julius Nyerere — Bayanan hoto, Julius Nyerere kenan a tsakiya, a lokacin yana Firanministan Tanganyika , ya kuma kai wa Kennedy ziyarar ne a fadar White House a watan Yulin 1961, watanni biyar kafin ƙasar ta samu ƴanci daga Burtaniya.

Wani tsarin hulɗa da kasashen waje ne wanda ya daɗe ana cin moriyarsa kafin zuwan shugaba Donald Trump ya sauyawa lamarin alƙibla.

Trump ya riƙa kiran ƙasashen Afrika da sunaye da ba su dace ba a duk lokacin da yake magana kansu, kazalika ƙasashen ba su samu karɓuwa ba sosai a hannun Dwight D Eisenhower, wanda Kennedy ya gada.

Akwai lokacin da yake faɗawa shugaban Togo Sylvanus Olympio cewa dalilin kawai da ya sa Amurka ke da jakada daya da ke wakiltar ƙasashen Togo da Kamaru shi ne don kar jekadunsu su rasa wurin kwana a kasashen.

President John F. Kennedy na jawabi yayin tarbon shugaban Togo, Sylvanus Olympio — Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Togo Sylvanus Olympio ya samu kyakkyawar tarba daga Kennedy a watan Maris ɗin 1962

A lokacin yaƙin neman zaɓensa a 1960, Kennedy ya soki tsarin yadda Eisenhower yaƙi karɓar ƴan Afrika, ya kuma jaddada cewa Amurka ba ta goyon bayan mulkin mallaka.

Kuma yana hawa mulki ya gayyaci shugabannin Afrika tare da yi musu tarba ta a-zo-a-gani.

Haile Selassie being greeted by President Kennedy — Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Habasha Haile Selassie wanda ɗaya ne daga shugabannin da suka kafa ƙungiyar haɗin kan Afrika a lokacin da ya samu tarba daga mai ɗakin Kennedy Jacqueline a watan Mayun 1963.Ya kuma samu wani tarbon a watan Oktoba duk dai a shekarar 1963.

Tare da mai ɗakinsa, Kennedy ya gaisa da Haile Selassie da kuma Sarki Hassan na Morocco a lokacin da suka ziyarci Amurka.

Haile Selassie a lokacin da ake zagayawa dashi birnin Washington — Bayanan hoto, Haile Selassie a lokacin da ake zagayawa da shi birnin Washington

An kuma shirya masa cin abinci irin na alfarma ya kuma ziyarci gidajen tarihi.

Shugaba Kennedy da Bakinsa — Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Ivory Coast na farko Félix Houphouët-Boigny da matarsa Marie-Thérèse Houphouët-Boignya a lokacin da Kennedy ya gayyace su cin abinci a watan Mayun 1962

An yita yaɗa batun zuwansu a kafafen yaɗa labarai inda aka bukaci jama'a da su fito su yi musu maraba.

Kennedy da baƙinsa za a bi da su ta titunan da aka yi wa ado da tutoci na maraba da ba ƙi, kuma idan akwai hali, a cikin wata mota buɗaɗɗiya.

Bayanan hoto, Tuta mai dauke da bayanin maraba da Haile Selassie 1

Tarayyar Soviet ta yi ƙoƙarin kamun kafa ga ƙasashen Afirka don neman nisanta daga tsoffin shugabannin mulkin mallaka.

Bayan ya hau mulki, Kennedy ya san dole ne ya yi gaggawa wajen ƙulla abota da ƙasashen Afirka masu tasowa.

Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Guinea Ahmed Sékou Touré, wanda 1958 ya jagoranci ƴancin ƙasar daga Faransa shekaru biyu kafin sauran ƙasashen Afirka, ya kai ziyara Washington a Oktoban 1962

Ya faɗa wa Kungiyoyin Mata na ƙasa cewa: "Na yi imani ... idan har muka yi daidai da manufofin juyin-juya halinmu, to tafarkin juyin juya halin Afirka a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa zai kasance ne ga dimokiradiyya da 'yanci kuma ba wai ga kwaminisanci ba wanda zai iya zama mafi tsananin nau'in mulkin mallaka."

Wata ɗaya bayan rantsar da shi, ya nemi Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, Lyndon B Johnson da ya je Senegal don gana wa da Shugaba Léopold Sédar Senghor, wanda yake ganin shi ne babban amini a ƙoƙarin ƙulla ƙawance da sauran ƙasashen da Faransa ta rena.

President Kennedy da Firaministan Najeriya — Bayanan hoto, Firaministan Najeriya na farko, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, ya tattauna da Kennedy a fadar White House a watan Yulin 1961

Bayan wata ɗaya, Kennedy ya ƙaddamar da wani shiri - inda ya tura samari na Amurka a sassan duniya - kuma a watan Agusta 1961, ya gayyaci rukunin farko fadar White House a yayin da suke da ke shirin zuwa Ghana da Tanganyika.

Kisan shugaban da ya jagoranci samun ƴancin kan Congo Patrice Lumumba inda ake zargin da hannun jami'an leƙen asiri na CIA, kwana uku kafin a rantsar Kennedy ya tabbatar da yaƙin cacar baka da Daular Soviet ya shafi yankin.

Bayanan hoto, William Tubman, shugaban Liberia, ya gana da Kennedy a Oktoban 1961

Amma za iya cewa Kennedy yana da matukar sha'awar ganin a ci gaban nahiyar. Shugabannin Afirka da suka yi gwagwarmaya don samun 'yanci sun girmama maganganun Kennedy cewa dangantakar za ta amfani junansu.

An ji raɗaɗin mutuwarsa sosai a Afirka - musamman ma wanda ya gaje shi, Johnson, bai bi tafarkinsa ba wajen haɓaka dangantakar.

Bayanan hoto, Shugaban Congo-Brazzaville na farko Fulbert Youlou ya tafi Washington a 1961

Yanzu, shekaru 60 kenan, Shugaba Joe Biden ya fara tsara manufofinsa game da Afirka.

A cikin wata sanarwa a farkon wannan watan, ya ce Amurka a shirye take ta zama babbar abokiyar hulɗar Afirka, "cikin hadin kai da goyon baya da mutunta juna ".

Maganganun Biden sun yi daidai da manufofin Kennedy - yanzu muna jira mu ga ko yunƙurin ya yi daidai da kirarin.