ASN Capacity Building, A New Chapter in Papua Management
It is hoped that the special autonomy policy in Papua will have a better impact than the previous special autonomy period. The key is in the capacity of state civil servants in planning and budgeting.
This article has been translated using AI. See Original .
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The following article was translated using both Microsoft Azure Open AI and Google Translation AI. The original article can be found in Peningkatan Kapasitas ASN, Babak Baru Pengelolaan Papua
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A number of residents were passing by at Yoboi Village, Sentani District, Papua, on Tuesday (29/8/2023).
Special autonomy or otsus that has been implemented from 2001-2021 in Papua has not significantly impacted the improvement of people's welfare. A new law has been enacted with hopes that the second installment of otsus can have a better impact. In order for the new regulations to be well-understood and implemented, an improvement in the capacity of civil servants is also needed.
Two decades ago, the government allocated 2 percent of the general allocation fund (DAU) for the special autonomy fund in Papua. This fund was intended to improve the welfare of indigenous Papuans. The special autonomy is regulated by Law Number 21 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for the Province of Papua.
For 20 years, the goal of special autonomy has not been achieved despite the central government having disbursed trillions of rupiah. For instance, the Human Development Index (HDI) in Papua has only increased by 0.3 percent from 2002 to 2020. This figure reflects the suboptimal health and education services in Papua.
The government has officially enacted Law No. 2/2021 on the Second Amendment to Law No. 21/2001 on Special Autonomy for Papua Province. This new law is accompanied by several derivative regulations, including the Papua Accelerated Development Master Plan (RIPPP) 2021-2041. The master plan includes three main development agendas, namely Healthy Papua, Smart Papua, and Productive Papua.
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A number of children passed by the cut-up trunk of a sago tree in Yoboi Village, Sentani District, Papua, on Tuesday (29/8/2023).
To achieve this, a number of changes have been made in this second volume of otsus, such as increasing otsus funds from 2 percent to 2.25 percent of DAU. As for funds from the central government, they are no longer channeled to the provincial government, but directly to the district/city government.
This means that district/city governments will be more flexible in using special autonomy fund. The programs they design are also considered to be more contextual for the Special Autonomy Province (OAP). However, the capacity of civil servants in planning and budgeting is still a note.
Also Read: 19 Problems Triggering Suboptimal Health and Education Services in Papua
This is based on the results of the study "Analysis of the Basic Education and Health Service Needs of Papua and West Papua Provinces in 2023". The study was conducted in the districts of Jayapura, Kota Jayapura, Manokwari, and South Manokwari. The research was carried out from January to April 2023 by a team consisting of members from Universitas Cenderawasih, Universitas Papua, and representatives from the Social Services Office of Papua.
One of the study findings is that ASN capacity is still low. The poor quality of planning and budgeting contributes greatly to the poor governance of public services in the study areas. This problem also arises due to the lack of commitment from regional leaders (Kompas.id,26/7/2023).
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The atmosphere of early childhood education (PAUD) at Nuri Ayapo in Ayapo Village, East Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, Papua, on Wednesday (30/8/2023). This is the only PAUD in the village. Five educators there are struggling to improve the literacy of children in the village, even though some of them have been employed as temporary workers for years.
Cooperation
Improving the capacity of state civil servants in planning and budgeting for Special Autonomy funds is also being done through the USAID Kolaborasi program. This program has been running for five years and is implemented through Wahana Visi Indonesia (WVI). The program helps civil servants and the community understand the new Special Autonomy policies.
"Strengthening should be in the planning. A good planner will produce good planning so that there are assumptions for changes in the second period of special autonomy," said USAID Collaboration lecturer and functional official of Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) Papua, Jhon Boekorsjom, in Jayapura Regency, Papua, on Wednesday (30/8/2023).
According to the Chief of Party for USAID Collaboration, Caroline Tupamahu, the value of this program is 10 million US dollars. The funds were obtained through a collaboration between the United States and Indonesia, with Indonesia being represented by the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas).
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The atmosphere of training for the improvement of state civil apparatus capacity in the field of planning and special autonomy fund budgeting for Papua was held on Wednesday (30/8/2023) in Sentani Regency, Papua. This training is part of the USAID Collaborative program conducted by Wahana Visi Indonesia.
The capacity building program was initially conducted in Papua and West Papua. After four additional provinces were established (Southwest West Papua, South Papua, Mountainous Papua, Central Papua), there were requests to expand the program coverage.
According to the Head of the Regional Development Planning, Research, and Innovation Agency of Southwest West Papua, Rahman, improving the capacity of civil servants in planning and budgeting for special autonomy (otsus) is important. This is because Southwest West Papua is a new province with limited human resources, both in terms of quantity and quality. The training is expected to help civil servants understand how to manage otsus funds properly.
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Head of Regional Development Planning, Research, and Innovation Agency (Bapperida) of South West Papua, Rahman, was in Sorong City, South West Papua, on Thursday (31/8/2023).
Accounting lecturer at Cendana University, Adolf ZF Siahay, hopes that ASN training will lead to better use of the special autonomy fund than before. He emphasizes the importance of utilizing the second edition of the special autonomy fund for the welfare of persons with disabilities. According to him, the first edition of the special autonomy fund was largely used for physical development targeting the general population, not PWDs.
"If you build an elementary school or health center in a village or neighborhood with a lot of elderly people, it will definitely feel the impact of special autonomy," he said. "If you want to build facilities for the public, you can use the Special Allocation Fund (DAK)," he said.
Also Read: KPK Intervenes to Investigate the Troubles in the Papua Special Autonomy Scholarship
Flexible
The Head of the Internal Supervisory Unit of the Health Department of Mamberamo Raya, Papua, James Kristian Imbiri, believes that the second round of special autonomy policy provides flexibility in managing funds. Until now, his department has been hampered by limited access to provide healthcare services to residents. Mamberamo Raya, he said, is a district that is located in isolated areas of Papua Province. Some areas cannot be reached by land, sea, or air transportation.
"The PMT (supplementary feeding) program requires a small budget. Rp. 1.5 million-Rp. 2 million per head, but transportation costs can be tens of millions," he said, who was also a participant in the ASN capacity building training. "With the flexibility and space given in managing the special autonomy fund, we are helped."
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The atmosphere of Puskesmas Orinsbari in Waroser Village, South Manokwari Regency, West Papua, on Friday (1/9/2023).
The agency's funds will also be used to implement the Otsus Sehat Card program. This card is intended to cover healthcare services that are not covered by BPJS Kesehatan.
Director of the Institute for the Study and Empowerment of Papuan Women and Children (LP3AP) Siti Akmiati added that the planning and budgeting of special autonomy funds must be inclusive, including for women and people with disabilities. According to the Coordinator of the Consortium for Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion in Papua, the implementation of the first special autonomy has not been fully inclusive. Even though there are still women and people with disabilities who have not received assistance from the special autonomy fund.
