McQuown 1955 TheIndigenousLanguagesOfLatinAmerica

American Anthropologist, Jun., 1955, New Series, Vol.
57, No. 3, Part 1 (Jun., 1955), pp. 501-570
THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF LATIN AMERICA
NORMAN A. MCQUOWN
University of Chicago
For the purposes of this survey,.all the American Indian

languages spoken in the New World, at the time of first white
contact or at any subsequent time, anywhere south of the pres-
ent boundary between the United States and Mexico, on the main-
land, and south of the Gulf of Mexico, in the islands, will be
taken into consideration. This area includes, therefore, Mexico
and Central America, the West Indies, and all of South America.
This area is in all probability unmatched, anywhere in the
world, in its linguistic multiplicity and diversity. A couple
of thousand languages and dialects, at present divided into 17
large families and 38 small ones, with several hundred unclas-
sified single languages, are on record. In one small portion
of the area, in Mexico just north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec,
one finds a diversity of linguistic type hard to match on an
entire continent in the Old World.
The descriptive data available on these languages are

extremely varied. They range all the way from a brief mention
in a historical document to fairly detailed grammars and dic-
tionaries for a very few of them. The vast majority are known
to us only in brief vocabularies. Most of the material avail-
able is cast in the mold of Latin grammar. In recent years,

however, an increasing quantity of more objective descriptive
material is becoming available. Some of this is being pro-
vided by European and (North) American scholars, some by na-
tives of Latin America, and some by (North) American mission-
aries active in restricted portions of the area. All of these
groups are now being trained in the techniques of modern de-
scriptive linguistics, and the materials they produce describe
each language--by and large--in its own terms.
A number of attempts at classification of the languages

and dialects in this vast area have been made. Before ventur-
ing to evaluate them, however, it might be well to outline
briefly the various criteria used in such classifications. Al-
though all too frequent, mere geographic proximity, or casual
references to cultural (and presumed linguistic) likeness in
501
502 American Anthropologist [57, 1955
historical documents are, of course, criteria of last resort.
All reliable groupings are based on similarity in language.
Similarity in language may, however, be due to a number

of different factors. Some, both physiological and psycholog-
ical, derive from human nature. Similar sound-imitative forms
are found in languages the world over and point to no neces-
sary historical connection. Some derive from the nature of
human language: because the number of functionally different
sounds produced by the human vocal organs is limited, similar

sequences of similar sounds will recur in languages the world
over, and. chance will produce similar meanings for some of

these similar sequences. This kind of similarity points to no
necessary historical connection, either. Some similarities in

form and meaning, however, are due to historical contact and
constitute clues to linguistic and cultural borrowing. Some
similarities in form and meaning, finally, characterize
divergent forms of one and the same earlier language, that is,
they point to original genetic identity. All these similar-
ities may be found on all levels of linguistic structure.
Similarities in phonological or grammatical structure, and
similarities in vocabulary, may be due, in varying degree, to
any or all of the factors mentioned above. We are left with
the problem of distinguishing these various factors one from

another.
Any linguistic structure is in some sense unique. The

elaborateness of language structure and the multiplicity of
structure points makes it possible to recognize the same
structure, even though its manifestations are fragmentary in
nature and widely separated in space and time. The security
of this recognition depends in great part on the systemic
elaboration of the particular items used as evidence. The
system of sounds of a language is that part of it which serves

as a foundation for and interpenetrates all other aspects of
its structure and which is itself highly elaborated internally.
Sound-correspondence matrices in which such systems in diver-
gent languages are equated one to another, as wholes and part
for part, constitute, therefore, at the present time, the only
completely reliable index to common genesis.
Such matrices are set up by searching out a set of
correspondences, sound to sound, in the lexical material of a
MCQUOWN] Indigenous Languages of Latin America 503
pair of languages. The correspondences sought must be regular,
that is, in a given phonological environment a particular sound
in one language must always have the same correspondent in the
second language. Illustrative of such a series of correspond-
ences are the following items from the Mam and Huastec
languages of the Mayan family:
Abbreviations
Ca Cakchiquel
Chu Chuh
Hu Huastec
HuVC Huastec (Veracruz)

Ma Mam
PM Proto-Mayan
Yu Yucatec
No examples at present available.
( ) Not relevant to the comparison.

* Reconstructed forms.
Note: The numbers and letters refer to the
corresponding point in the matrix below:
e.g., 1-A = Column 1, Row 1 = /p/ (the

phoneme "p").
Ma Hu PM
turtle pe/ pet *pet 1-A

name pi bih *pih 1-B
tree /e te *te? 2-A
yucca i tin(e'?) *tig 2-B
green a? ya (ni?) Ca ras *tya'?e 3-A
3-B
ordure qa ta7 *twa? 4-A
4-B
hammock ( )tun(pil) 5-A

cradle /un(ku?) */un 5--A
5-B
sorcerer ciman Giman *iyiman 6-A

6-B
nose a?m Geam *wam 7-A

Ma Hu PM
7-B
8-A
8-B
ear (t) k(ij) u/(un) Chu Eikin *vyuk 9-A

9-B
10-A
10-B
snake kai /an *kaj 11-A

bitter ka a?(ik) *a? 11-B
grind -e(g) aa?(uw) *kya7 12-A
black kyeq ak *kyaq 12-B
13-A
15-B
white saq eak *saq 14-A
fire qa'q 14-B

hot ka'k *Qa'Q 14-B
15-A
15-B
arm Qop(ax) kub(ak) Yu kip *Qwap 16-B

chili qi? i/ Ca ?ik *?ik 17-A
18-A
six waqaq 7akak Yu w k- *?waqaq 19-A
firewood si ei? *si3 5-C

6-C
whistle ?u-p(ij) Gu'b(iy) *swu"p 7-C

brother
male
(t)>i()p(ai)
Yu slip
ib(a'm)
ip
8-C
8-C
9-C
10-C
crane xo*x ho"h *xo1x 11-C

alligator ta-yij ?ahin *?axyil 12-C
five xwe? bo ? *xwowe 13-C
water ?at ha? *ha? 17-C
18-C
19-C
nipple 7Tim(i ?) 7im(il) *im 1-D

ant snik eani *sanik 2-D
Ma Hu PM
corn xal Yu nal *nyal 3-D

4-D
one xug hun(c'ik) *xuI ll-D

ashes fax tay? Yu t 'I *tay 12-D
tail (t)xe we('w) Yu neh
eight wax aq wasik *wax aq 1-E
sick yap ya?(ul) *yap 8-E
wash lok 2-F

scratch lo (iy) *lok 2-F
2-G
seed ?iyax ?iya(la'b) *?iyax 20

daughter (w)li.p(e?) ?ali-b *?ali-p 21
go ?e?(1) e?(e) *se? 22
drawers we*.(x) Yu ? *we' 25

quern ka /a? *ka? 24
come a*x ta"(1) *ta'x 25

chaff (t )kom 26
grass oh(o-l) *korw 26
crane xo*x ho"h *xo"x 27

flesh u?(W) 28
meat tu?(lek) *tu? 28
seven wu-q bu'k Yu ?ik- Chu huk- *?wu'q 29
The correspondences illustrated here may be tabulated under

their Proto-Mayan reconstructions in such a way that they may
be read from the charts below by locating in each chart the
particular column (indicated by the number) and row (indicated
by the letter). The blanks in the list above (and in the charts
below) are expected structural extensions of the patterns so
far uncovered. The three charts (linked together) constitute
a sound-correspondence matrix.
PROTO-MAYAN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
A p t ty tw ? gy w ' C y w k ky kw
B p t y tw ?y fw & Ry w k y kw
C s sy sw S y SW x xy x
D m n ny nw 9 iy Iw
E w y
F 1
G r
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2
i i" e e" a a* o o0 u
HUASTEC
1 2 5 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 14
A p t y t e k
B b/? t 9 - - - - - - - -
C 8 h/_ h /
D m n n y w/h
E w y
F 1 20 21 22 23 24 25
G i i " e e " a a " o
MAM
1 2 4 6 7 8 9 0 11 12 13 14 1
A p t k// ky/
B k ky _ _
C s x y x
D m n x x x/m
E w y
F 1 20 21 22 25 24 25 2
G i i* e e" a a' O
If the correspondences listed above are valid, then
further examples should be readily forthcoming. If the attempt
is made, the following will be found to pass easily through the

grid above. Although most of these fit without difficulty, a
scattering of correspondences will be found to differ from
those established above. These divergent correspondences are
not "irregular." On the contrary they represent subcategories,
the conditions for which still remain to be worked out.
Comparative Mayan phonology is still in its infancy.
Ma Hu
1. avocado 0'ox ?oh Yu ?066

2. bat so-/ eut Yu soo
3. bead 7ux ?ow Yu ?uh Chu (t)ox
4. bean inaq anakw
3. bone pa"q bek(lek) Yu pjk

o. cave xul hol(tay?)
7. ceiba nop ?unup
8. close(the eyes) mufu mutu(w)

9. cob paxl(aq) bohol
10. day .i-x ki'(a-h) Yu ll

11. die kim(i) em(e/)
12. fly ?a?xij hahn(ek)
13. foot (t)qan ?akan
14. four kya'xe? /e"?

15. hair (t)%i? Si'(ii)
15. heavy ?a.1 ?al(iik) Yu ?aa1
17. honey ka-p Yu kaap
pineapple ab('am)
18. leaf (t)Waq ek(lek)
19. louse (sq)uk ?u? Yu ?ui
20. century plant (saq)%i iq(im) Yu ( nuiku) k h
21. man i? a?
uncle i a"n
husband Chu (w)ikan
22. man wnaq ?inik Chu windk
25. (finger-) nail (t%)iyeq
24. nine pelxux bele"w Yu pilim-
2). paper 7ux ?u-w Yu hdh
26. corn meal kyex Yu kgx
Ma Hu
mortar ah(ib)
27. sweet potato - is i6
28. red kyeq ?ak Yu ek
29. road pe be(1l) Yu pLh
30. saliva /up(x) tub(al)
31. salt ?a- a ?atem
32. soot (t)vansi 6amei?
33. spirit lap lab(af)
34. ten laxux lahu(hu-n)
35. three ?o' (e?) ?o'

36. tobacco ma?' ma-y
37. two ka?p(e?) a'b
38. wet ?7ak ?a e'm HuVC ?a-c
39. wind (kQ)i ?ik
40. ripe qan
yellow (flower) kan(wi/)
In so far as postulated common genesis is demonstrated,

then, by passing an adequate quantity of linguistic forms from
each of the languages in question through such matrices, the
original oneness of the languages may be considered as proved.
Where such demonstration is not attempted, postulated genetic
connections between languages must be considered as tentative
hypotheses only, subject to confirmation or failure to confirm
as the touchstone of sound-correspondence matrices is sub-
sequently applied.
The adequacy of the quantity of material needed is not
a statistically determined matter. A quantity of lexical
material sufficient to set up a matrix of correspondences for
the whole or for a number of subsystemic portions of the whole

sound-system is required. Once such a matrix has been set up,
it itself then constitutes a testing frame within which one
determines whether a pair of forms from two languages are
originally one (they fit the frame with respect to all their
constituent sounds) or are innovations (they do not fit the
frame). Innovations are built up out of native material on
certain models, either those provided by aspects of the
structure of the particular language itself (in which case the
innovations are merely analogical extensions of the
possibilities inherent in the structure of the language) or
those provided by other dialects and languages, slightly or
widely divergent from the innovating language (in which case
they constitute "borrowings" from these other dialects or
languages). By employing the sound-correspondence matrix as a
testing frame, one separates out the inherited sheep from the
borrowed goats, and makes possible the tracing of linguistic
history. Without this testing frame, one can only postulate
some kind of historical connection: one cannot state with
precision its nature. Without a series of such frames for

various groups of languages, one cannot even separate out the
innovations due to borrowing from those due to internal
analogic new creation, and trace the former to their languages

of origin, the latter to their internal structural analogues.
Finally, only by locating these specific internal structural
analogues can one then separate out those innovations due to
universal factors in human language or in human nature. In so
far as the classifier of languages is aware of these consider-
ations, and to the extent to which the material available per-

mits him to apply these methods, the historical linguistic
classifications which he produces will be valid. Furthermore,
no ahistorical classifications (typological, psychological, and
the like) will have any validity unless he is prepared to
demonstrate that the facts on which he bases them do indeed
result from universally human characteristics and are not merely

the manifestations of a unique historically transmitted system.
It is not easy to judge the validity of existing classifi-

cations, in the light of the criteria outlined above, if the
classifier nowhere makes explicit the methods he applied. As
to what was in his mind as he proceeded with his comparisons,

one can judge only by reference to his previous training, to
chance comments which he lets fall in published materials, and
by inspection of those comparisons which he cites as evidence
for historical relationship. If one deduces from such study

that the classifier "had the proper attitude," one can then
make a certain claim for intuitive application of the criteria
for historical classification which we have outlined, and one

can put certain credence in the classifications he produces.
If on the other hand, evidence from similar sources indicates

that the classifier "did not have the proper attitude," the
chances are good that his classification will not stand up.
If the classifier does specify the method he used, one can

more easily judge the product. If the method conforms substan-
tially to that outlined above, and if some kind of a sound-

correspondence matrix is presented, one can easily verify its
adequacy. Furthermore, a random sampling of new materials,

where they are available, will produce, if the postulated rela-
tionship is valid, new confirmatory items which fit the matrix.
If the quantity and quality of raw material is adequate,

an attempt may be made to discover regularities in sound-
correspondence between the two languages, and perhaps even to
construct a matrix which will demonstrate the validity of the
suggested relationship. Inability to construct a complete
matrix would indicate either inadequacy of the available
material or failure to confirm the postulated relationship.
The more important of the existing classifications of
languages in our area (for all or for part of it) were pro-
duced by Brinton (1891), Thomas and Swanton (1911),
Chamberlain (1913), Krickeberg (1922), Rivet (1924),Rivet
and Loukotka (1952), Schmidt (1926), Sapir (1929), Nimuendaji
(1931-32), Loukotka (1935), Whorf and Trager (1937),
Mendizabal and Jimenez Moreno (n.d.), Jijon y Caamafio (1943),
and Mason (1940, 1950). Since Mason, in the two publications
here cited, has summarized all such previous classifications,
and ventured a few new ones of his own, the writer is indebted
to him more than to any other for the substantive background
of this article. The classification here put forth represents
a synthesis of that presented in Mason's two articles.
The coding system used here for the indigenous languages

of Latin America represents an extension of that devised
by George L. Trager in 1937 for North American indigenous

languages. Only the major subdivisions of the various lan-
guage groupings are presented here. Indicated after the
lowest category listed here is the number of languages and

dialects covered by that category. For those families that
straddle the border between the United States and Mexico,
only those subdivisions are listed which are actually
represented south of the border.
A. Eskimoan J. 1. a. B. Mainland Coastal Northern Cariban (22)
B. Na-Dene J. 1. b. Central Northern Cariban (34)
B. 2. b. Athabascan (4) J. 1. c. Amazon Northern Cariban (20)
C. Algonkin-Mosan J. 1. d. Bonarian (5)
C. 1. Algonkin-Ritwan J. 2. Southern Cariban
C. 1i.a. Algonkin (1) J. 2. a. Araran (4)

D. Macro-Penutian J. 2. b. Xinguan (10)
D. 1. h. Mizocuavean J. 3. Northwestern Cariban
D. 1. h. a. Zoquean (7) J. 3. a. Cariban Maracaibo-Magdalena (42)

D. 1. h. B. Huave J. 3. b. Chocoan (43)
D. 1. h. j. Tapachulteco I J. 3. c. Southwest Northwest Cariban (3)
D. 1. h. 6. Aguacateco II J. 3. d. Southeast Northwest Cariban (17)
D. 3. Azteco-Tanoan K. Arawakan
D. 3. a. Uto-Aztecan K. 1. Northern Arawakan
D. 3. a. (. Taracahitian (48) K. 1. a. Insular Northern Arawakan (55)

D. 3. a. q. Aztecoidan (28) K. 1. b. Northwestern Arawakan
D. 3. a. a. Piman (14) K. 1. b. a. Guajiroan (10)

D. 7. Mayan (58) K. 1. b. B. Caquetioan (13)
D. 8. Totonacan K. 1. b. 7. Guayupean (3)
D. 8. a. Totonaco (5) K. 1. b. 6. Piapocoan (3)
D. 8. b. Tepehua K. 2. Northern Amazon Arawakan
E. Hokan-Siouan K. 2. a. Arauan (2)

E. 1. Hokaltecan K. 2. b. Palicuran (2)
E. 1. a. Hokan K. 2. c. Arawakan Rio Branco (4)
E. 1. a. y. Esselen-Yuman K. 2. d. Arawakan Orinoco (5)
E. 1. a. y. (2). Yuman (10) K. 2. e. Arawakan Indeterminate (6)
E. 1. a. 6. Salinan-Serian (5) K. 2. f. Arawakan Rio Negro (40)
E. 1. a. c. Tequistlatecan (2) K. 3. Pre-Andine Arawakan (37)
E. 1. b. Supanecan (4) K. 4. South Arawakan (28)
E. 1. c. Coahuiltecan L. Macro-Ge
E. 1. c. B. Coahuilteco (7) L. 1. Ge
E. 1. d. Guaycuran (9) L. 1. a. Northwest Ge
F. Unclassified North American L. 1. a. a. Timbira (22)

Languages (0) L. 1. a. . Calapo (13)
G. Macro-Otomanguean L. i. a. 7. Suia
G. 1. Otomanguean L. 1. b. Central Ge (11)
G. 1. a. Otomian (23) L. 1. c. Jeico
G. 1. b. Popolocan (3) L. 2. Caingangan (16)

G. 1. c. Mazatecan (4) L. 3. Camacanian (7)
G. 1. d. Trique L. 4. Machacalian (7)
G. 1. e. Chorotegan (8) L. 5. Purian (9)
G. 2. Mixtecan L. 6. Patacho
G. 2. a. Mixteco (11) L. 7. Malali
G. 2. b. Cuicateco L. 8. Coropo
G. 2. c. Amusgo L. 9. Botocudo (13)
G. 3. Chinanteco (5) M. Macro-Tupi-Guarani
G. 4. Zapotecan M. 1. Tupi-Guarani
G. 4. a. Zapoteco (11) M. 1i. a. Guaranian
G. 4. b. Chatinoan (3) M. 1. a. a. Guaranian Parana (26)

H. Unclassified Middle American M. 1. a. . Guaranian Bolivian (22)
Languages (53) M. 1. a. 7. Guaranian Araguaia (2)
I. Macro-Chibchan M. 1. b. Tupian
I. 1. Misumalpan M. 1. b. a. Coastal Tupian (18)
I. 1. a. Miskitoan (6) M. 1. b. B. Guianan Tupian (9)
I. 1. b. Sumoan (21) M. 1. b. 7. Southern Amazon Tupian (43)
I. 1. c. Matagalpanri (5) M. 1. b. 6. Upper Amazon Tupian (9)
I. 1. d. Unclassified Misumalpan (5) M. 2. Huitotoan (22)
I. 2. Chibchan M. 3. Zaparoan (31)
I. 2. a. Western Chibchan N. Quechumaran
I. 2. a. a. Talamanca (31) N. 1. Quechuan (28)
I. 2. a. B. Barbacoa N. 2. Aymara (14)
I. 2. a. B. (1). Pastoan (6) 0. Catuquinan (20)
I. 2. a. B. (2). Cayapan (4) P. Tucanoan
I. 2. a. B. (3). Guatusoan (8) P. 1. Eastern Tucanoan (42)

I. 2. a. B. (4). Cunan (9) P. 2. Western Tucanoan (15)
I. 2. b. Pacific Chibchan Q. Panoan
I. 2. b. a. Isthmian (22) Q. 1. Central Panoan (71)
I. 2. b. B. Colombian Chibchan (6) Q. 2. Southwest Panoan (4)
I. 2. c. Inter-Andine Chibchan Q. 3. Southeast Panoan (7)
I. 2. c. a. Paezan (3) R. Macro-Guaicuruan
I. 2. c. B. Coconucoan (6) R. 1. Mataco-Maca (13)

I. 2. c. 7. Popayanense (2) R. 2. Guaicuruan (25)
I. 2. d. Eastern Chibchan S. Araucanian (13)
I. 2. d. a. Cundinamarcan (5) T. Chon (7)
I. 2. d. B. Arhuacoa (6) Z. Unclassified South American Languages
I. 2. d. 7. Central American Chibchan (2) Z. i. Mocoa (3)
J. Cariban Z. 2. Cuica-Timote (151)
J. i. Northern Cariban Z. 3. Yunca-Puruhan (16)
J. i. a. Coastal Northern Cariban Z. 4. Chiquitoan (8)
J. i. a. a. Insular Coastal Northern Cariban (2) Z. 5. Lule-Vilelan (18)
Z. 6. Arauan (18) Z. 24. Yuracarean (4)
Z. 7. Tacanan (38) Z. 25. Chapacuran (14)
Z. 8. Jirajaran (5) Z. 26. Huanhaman (8)
Z. 9. Jivaroan (35) Z. 27. Mascolan (9)
Z. 10. Peba-Yaguan (17) Z. 28. Zamucoan (20)
Z. 11. Omurano (7) Z. 29. Borotuque (16)
Z. 12. Sabelan (4) Z. 30. Nhambicuaran (16)
Z. 13. Canelan (4) Z. 31. Muran (3)
Z. 14. Guarauan (4) Z. 32. Carajan (4)
Z. 15. Chirianan (5) Z. 33. Caririan (6)
Z. 16. Salivan (5) Z. 34. Guaitacan (5)
Z. 17. Pamiguan (2) Z. 35. Ataguitan (3)
Z. 18. Guahiban (11) Z. 36. Huarpean (5)
Z. 19. Puinavean (10) Z. 37. Comechingonan (8)
Z. 20. Cahuapanan (6) Z. 38. Alacalufan (8)
Z. 21. Munichean (5) Z. 39. Single Unclassified South American
Z. 22. Aguanoan (3) Languages (629)
Z. 23. Mosetenan (14)
The full list of Latin American indigenous languages

is here presented in alphabetical order. Synonomous labels
are listed in their proper place and are tross-referenced to
the one we (i.e. in nearly all cases, Mason) have chosen as
the most appropriate. After each language name we place the
code number corresponding to its position in the classifica-
tion outlined above, the approximate coordinates of latitude

and longitude of its location, the abbreviated name of the
country in which we locate it, and the number which indicates
its location on the accompanying maps.
Each language name and its corresponding number are under-
lined. The names of language groups or families appear in

capital letters. Extinct languages are marked with a post-
posed t. Doubt as to classification, location, label equiva-
lence or extinction is indicated by ?.
We here gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr.

Betty W. Starr in the early stages of compilation and mapping.
Dr. Starr prepared a preliminary version of language list and
numbered maps which served as a basis for the fuller elabora-
tion presented here. In addition to the articles by Mason
(1940, 1950) me@tioned previously, we have had recourse for

additional details of location or classification to the volumes
of the Handbook of South American Indians (Steward, 1946-1950),

and to the somewhat more specialized works of Dupouy (1954),
Jahn (1927), Jijdn y Caamafo (1943), Koch-Gruinberg (1909-1910;
1917-1928), Lehmann (1920), Lothrop (1939), Metraux (1942),
Orozco y Berra (1864), Rivet (1927), Rowe (1951), Scholes and
Roys (1948), Soustelle (1937), Swanton (1952), and Trager
(1948).
We have presented the language names in the orthography
current in the countries where the languages are sp

a form acceptable in those countries where no current spelling
is available). In Brazil, accordingly, language names appear
in Portuguese, and in most other Latin American countries in
Spanish orthography. Diacritics are sistematically omitted;
Spanish f is spelled ny. The following equivalences hold:
Port ch = sh
Port g before i, e =zh

Span g before i, e h
Port (Span) gu before i, e = g[et]
gu before a, o, u - gw
Port (Span) h - silent letter
Span hu = w
Port i before vowel = y
Span j = h
Port j = zh
Port nh = ny
Old Port (Span) qu = qu

Port (Span) qu before i, e = k
Port s between vowels = z
Port u before vowel = w
Old Port (Span) x = sh

Span z - s
The following abbreviations for countries are used:
Al. Alaska Hond. Honduras
Arg. Argentina Jam. Jamaica
Bah. Bahamas Mex. Mexico
Bel. Belice Nic. Nicaragua

Bol. Bolivia Pan. Panama
Br. Brazil Para. Paraguay

Br. G. British Guiana P. R. Puerto Rico
Can. Canada Salv. Salvador
Col. Colombia S. Dom. Santo Domingo

C. R. Costa Rica Sur. Surinam
Dom. Dominica Tob. Tobago

Ec. Ecuador Trin. Trinidad
Fr. G. French Guiana U. S. United States
Guate. Guatemala Uru. Uruguay

Ven. Venezuela
MCQUOWNI Indigenous Languages of Latin America 515
Aba = Chiriguano Aimore t L.9.J. S160 W410 Br. 1583
Abaguilot = Aguilot Aipi = Oiampi
Abane = Avani Aiyo = Vejoz
Abibe = (?) Dabeibe Aizuare t? M.l.b.6.(2).(a).(a).? S30 W650 Br. 850
Abipon t? R.2.b.. (1). (d). S26-80 W58-600 Arg. 1752 AIZUARE M.l.b.6.(2).(a).? Br.
ABIPON R.2.b.p.(1). Arg. AIZUAREAN M.I.b.6.(2). Br.
Abira = Auixira Ajujure = Arara [J.2.a.a.]
Abitana-Uanham Z.26.f.p. S12030' W63030I Akwa'ala

Br.E.l.a.y.(2).(d).
1269 N320 W1170 Mex. 8
Aboba t Z.39. S130 W610 Br. 1253 Alabano t Z.39. S30 W750 Peru 805
Aborota t Z.39. N7030) W720301 Ven.Alabono 30 t? Z.10.b.e.? S40 W740 Peru 931
Abucheta R.l.a.a.(2).(a).(7). S240 W620 Alacaluf
Arg.Z.38.f.
1732 S540 W720 Chile 1815
Aburra t I.2.b. .(6).? N70 W750 Col. 590 ALACALUFAN Z.38. Chile
Aburune t? Z.39. S1630' W580 Bol. 1183 Alaguilac t D.3.a.n.(2).(b). N150 W89030' Guate. 248
Acala t D.7.a.p.(1).,b).(p).? N170 W900 Guate. 234 Alakwisa t? E.l.a.y.(2).(c). N330 W1130 U.S.; Mex.t 4
Acalan t D.7.a.. (1).(b).(a). N180 W910 Mex. 219 Alapico Z.9.a.a.(). S(1) 50 W780 Peru 921
Acalman = Tepehua Alca = Contisuyo
Acari t Z.39. S150 Wr50 Peru 1104 ALGONKIN C.l.a. Mex.
Acawai J.l.b.a.(1).(a). N60 W600 Br.G. 505 ALGONKIN-MOSAN C. Mex.
ACAWAIAN J.l.b.a.(1). Br.G; Sur. ALGONKIN-RITWAN C.1. Mex.
ACAXEAN D.3.a.. (2).(f). Mex. Alile K.l.b.a. (3).(b). Nll0 W720-720301 Ven. 41
Acaxee t D.3.a.C.(2).(f). N250 W1060 Mex. 75 Allentiac t Z.36.a. S31-30 W67-90 Arg. 1778
Achagua K.l.b.p.(2).(f). N9055 W700-70040 N7040'
Almaguero N.l.f. N20 W750 Col. 683
W68-90 Ven.; N4-60 W67-730 Col. 399 Alon t Z.39. S70 W770 Peru 1000
ACHAGUAN K.1.b.p.(2). Ven. Col. Alukuyana = Upurui
Achi [D.7.b. .(1).] = Quiche Amacacora = Iquito
Achi t D.7.b.7.(2).(a). N13055' W89055' N140 W89040'

Amachengue = Machiguenga
N13040' W89015' N130301 W880301 ? Salv. 257 Amaguaje t? P.2.a.a.(9). 0 W75030 ? Col. Ec. Peru 757
Achiote = Nonuya Amahuaca Q.l.d.a.(4). S9-110 W73-40 Peru Br. 1048
Achipaie = Chipaia AMAHUACA Q.l.d.a. Peru Br.
Achire t D.3.a.C.(2).(d). N24030' W1070 Mex. 71 AMAHUACAN Q.l.d. Peru Br.

Achis = Achi
Amanage M.l.b.7y.(1).(d).(7). S40 W48ot S40W490 Br.
Achuale Z.9.a.y.(6). S30 w780?. Ec.;Peru? 782 .1491
ACHUALEAN Z.9.a.7. Ec.; Peru?
AMANAGEAN M.l.b.7y.().(d). Br.
Acione Z.29.a.a.(3). S160 W580 Br. 1219 Amani t Z.39. N60301 W750 Col. 589
Aco = Chilque
Amaona Z.10.b.6.? S40 W740 Peru 930
Acobu = Gamela
Amariba t K.2.c.a.(2). N2030' W590 Br.G. 516
Aconipa t Z.39. S60 W780 Peru 996 Amarizana K.l.b'.(. (2).(d).(a).? N4? W71?? Col. 644
Acoqua t Z.39. N30 W530 Fr.d. 1412 AMARIZANAN K.l.b.(. (2).(d). Col.
ACROA L.1.b.(. Br.
Amasifuin t Z.39. S70301 W770 Peru 1021
Acroa (Norte) L.l.b.B.(1).(a).(y). S120 W470 S140Z.39.
Ambalo W450N3o W770? Col. 673
Br. 1624 Ambore = Aimbore
ACROA (NORTHERN) L.l.b. .(1).(a). Br. Amegua = Mbegua
Acroa (Sul) L.l.b.. (1). (b). S160 W470 Br. 1626 Amenadiapa 0.10.a. S70 W700 1340
Amenguaca = Amahuaca
ACUA L.l.b.a. Br.
Ameyao t K.l.a.(.(2).(b). N180 W760 Jam. 356
Acucu J.2.b.f.(7). S130 W530 Br. 1451 Amho = Ivitorocai
Acuen-Chavante = Acua
Amicuana t? Z.39. N20 W540 Br. 1390
Acuria J.l.b.a.(1).(c). N40 W580 Br.G.; N50 W560
Amiranha t
= (?) Jacunda
N4040' W55020 t Sur. 519 Amishgo = Amusgo
Adaru K.2.f.a.(1).(g). NI0 W670? Br. 840 Amniape Z.39. S130 W620 Br. 1255
Adiana = Adzaneni
Amniara = Amniape
Adole = Ature
Amo Z.23.a.a. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166
Aduipliin t Z.38.e. S54050' W71030' Chile 1816
Amoipira t M.l.b.a.(1).(b).((). S7-140 W39-430 Br. 1535
Adzaneni K.2.f.y.(l). N1030'-2030' W68-90
AmoruaCol.; Br.?
Z.39. N50 W680 Col. 623
638
Amuexa t? Z.39. Sllo W750 Peru 1028
Agata I.2.d.a. ().(b). N60 W740 Col. 597 Amuguague = Amaguaje
Agaz -- Magach
Amulala = Matara
Aguacadiba = Aguacadibe
Amusgo G.2.c. N16030 -170 W980 Mex. 179
Aguacadibe t K.l.a.p.(2).(b). N18020' W780 Jam.Anabali356 = Anibali
Aguacateco I D.7.b.a.(2). N15020 W91015' Guate. 229 Anambe t M.l.b.7.(1).(d).(a). S4-50 W50-510 Br. 1480
Aguacateco II t D.l.h.b.? N15020 W910151? Guate. 230 Anana = Uanana
Aguachile = Lapacho
Anapuru t Z.39. S30301 W430 Br. 1505
Aguale t Z.39. N30 W770 Col. 665 Anauqua = Nahucua
Aguanagua t? Z.39. S8 W74? Peru 1045
Ancachs = Ancax
Aguano t Z.22.a. S5030'-60 W750-75 30 Peru 1033
Ancash = Ancax
AGUANOAN Z.22. Peru
Ancax N.l.a.6.? S9-110 W76-80 Peru 987
Aguarico Z.39. S10 W760 Ec. 790
Ancerma
Aguaruna Z.9.a.a.(9). S50 W780 Peru; Ec.?ANCERMAN
921 t J.3.b.-y.(2).(a). N5-70 W76-70 Col. 57
J.3.b.y.(2). Col.
AGUARUNAN Z.9.a.a. Peru; Ec.?
Andacui t? Z.39. Nlo W760? Col. 764
Aguas Blancas J.3.a.a. (2).(J). N90-90301 W72?30-50'
Andahuayla = Chanca
Ven. 422
Andagui t? Z.39. N10 W760t N2-40 W73-60t? Slo W700
Agueynaba t K.l.a.p.(1).(b). N180 W66030' P.R. 360
Col. 696
Aguilot t? R.2.b.a.(3). S250 W590301 Arg. 1741
Andira = Maue
Aguiteguedichaga t? Z.39. S200 W600? Para.Andoa
1685 t? M.3.b.a.(4). S3-40 W770 Peru; Ec.? 801
Ahome t D.3.a.r.(2).(d). N260 W1090 Mex. 62
ANDOA M.3.b.a. Peru; Ec.?
Ahopovo = Ariqueme
ANDOAN M.3.b. Peru; Ec.?
Ai = Pilaga
ANDOQUE t? M.2.d.? Col.
Aibine
Aimbore t =D.3.a.f.(2).(g).
[L.9.] Botccudo N24030 W105400 Mex. 77
Andoque (Norte) t? M.2.d.a.? S30 W72-40 Col.
Andoquero = Miranya
Aimbore t L.9.k. SJ40 W420 Br. 1573
Andoque (Sur) t? M.2.d.9.? $30' W72-'? Col. 744
Anetine t? Z.39. S150 W650 Bol. 1164 ARARAN J.2.a. Br.
Angaite Z.27.a.a. S220301 W580 Para. 1699 ARARAN Q.l.e.a. Br.

ANGAITEAN Z.27.a. Para. Ararandeuara t? M.l.b.y.(1).(b). S3055' w480
Angarat Z.39. S120 W740 Peru 992 Ararapina Q.l.e.p. S80 W720 Br. 1330
Angutera = Encabellado Araraua Q.l.e.y. S80 W720? Br. 1330
Anibali t? Z.39. N70 W700 Col. 619 Araraua [Q.1.f.7.] = Aranaua
Anguett L.9.h.(?) S180 W410 Br. 1607 Arara (West) = Apiaca [J.2.a.p.]
Anta t? M.l.b.7. (1).(g).(7). S50 W500 Br. 1484
Arari t Z.39. S210 W440 Br. 1622
Anta [N.l.b.a.(2).] = Cuzco Arasa [Q.2.a.] = Arazaire
Antaniri K.3.d.a.(2). S120 W73o Peru 1067 Arasa t? Z.7.b.? S140 W720? Peru 1080
Antanque = Atanque Arasa Z.11.a.a.? S30 W760 Peru 796
Anti K.3.d.a.(1). S110 W750 Peru 1054 Aratomo t? Z.39. N10 W730 Ven. 418
Antioguia t J.3.b.y.(3).(a). N6030I W760 Col. 559 Araua [K.2.a.p.] = Arua
ANTIOQUIAN J.3.b.y.(3). Col. Araua Q.2.c.? S120 W700? Peru 1075
Antipa Z.9.a.6. S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Araua t Z.6.a. S60 W680 Br. 1355
Anunze Z.30.a.a.(2). S130 W590 Br. 1234 Arauan t Z.39. S170 W420? Br. 1610
Anyaya t K.1.a.P.(2).(b). N180 W770 Jam. 356 ARAUAN K.2.a. Br. Fr.G. Sur. Br.G. Ven.
Anyonola = Nonuya ARAUAN Z.6.? Br.
Ao'nukun'k = Inaquen Arauaqui = Aruaqui
Apacachodegodegi t R.2.a.p.(1). S230 W560 Para.Araucana
Br. t? Z.39. N7030' W73030' Col. 592
1674 ARAUCANIAN S. Chile Arg.
ARAUCANIAN (EAST) S.3. Arg.
Apache B.2.b. N310 W1070 Mex. 99
Apairande M.l.b.7.(3).(a).(7). S100 W570 ? Br.ARAUCANIAN
1372 (NORTH) S.1. Chile Arg.
Apalai J.l.c.a.(2).(a). S1 W53-50 Br. 1385 ARAUCANIAN (SOUTH) S.2. Chile Arg.
APALAIAN J.l.c.a.(2). Br.
Apalaguiri J.2.b.(.(2). S120 W530 Br. 1456 Arauine M.I.b.y.(2).(c).((). S130 W53?? Br. 1450
Arauiti M.l.b.y.(2).(c).(a).(ii). S130 W540 Br. 1457
Apaneca t H.11. N18015 W01?O ? Mex. 160 Arauyaco = ARHUACOA
Apanhecra L.l.a.a.(2).(b). (a).i. S5040 W45030' Br. Aravira Z.29.a.a. (4). S160 W580 Br. 1218
1517 Arawak K.2.a.a. N80 W62ot N80 W600 Ven.; N6-80 W57-90
Apanto = Apoto Br.G.; N50 W54-70 Sur.; N4-50 W52-40t Fr.G.;
Apapocuva M.1.a.a.(2).(a). S240 W540 Br. 1647 Slo-N20 W50-20t Br. 502
Aparai = Apurui ARAWAKAN K. Bah. P.R. S.Dom. Haiti Cuba Jam. Dom. Trin.
Aparono Z.23.a.B. S15-70 W670 Bol. 1166 Ven. Br.G. Sur. Fr.G. Br. Col. Peru Bol. Para.
Apiaca t? J.2.a.(. S30 W500 Br. 1486 ARAWAKAN (AMAZONIAN PRE-ANDINE) K.3.a. Br.
Apiaca t? M.l.b.7.(3).(b).(a). S80 W570 590 W570t ARAWAKAN (BOLIVIAN SOUTH) K.4.a. Bol.
SII-20 W570t Br. 1373 ARAWAKAN (EAST PARANA) K.4.d.a. Br. Para.
APIACAN M.l.b.y.(3).(b). Br. ARAWAKAN (GREATER ANTILLES) K.l.a.(. Bah. Cuba Haiti
Apichigui t Z.3.b.6.(1). S40' W80030t Ec. y76 S.Dom. P.R. Jam.
Apigapigtanga t M.1.b.a.(2).(a). ? Br. 1487 ARAWAKAN (INDETERMINATE) K.2.e. Ven. Col. Br.
Apinage L.l.a.a.. (1). S60 W480 Br. 1523 ARAWAKAN (INSULAR NORTHERN) K.l.a. Trin. Dom. P.R. Haiti
Apingui = Apiaca [J.2.a..]1
S. Dom. Cuba Jam. Bah.
Apiru = Yaperu
ARAWAKAN (JAPURA "A") K.2.f.E. Br.
Apirua t? Z.39. N30 W530 Fr.G. 1410
ARAWAKAN (JAPURA "B") K.2.f.C. Br.
Apitere = Mbya
ARAWAKAN (JURUA-PURUS) K.3.c. Br.
Apolista = Lapacho
ARAWAKAN (LESSER ANTILLES) K.l.a.a. Trin. Dom.
Aponegicran = Apanhecra
ARAWAKAN (MIRITIPARANA) K.2.f.p. Col.
Apopocuva = Apapocuva
ARAWAKAN (MONTANYA) K.3.d. Peru; Br.?
Apoto t M.l.b.(.(1). S20 W570 Br. 879 ARAWAKAN (NORTHERN) K.l. Bah. Cuba Haiti S.Dom. P.R.
Apurui Z.39. 0 W530 N30 W530t Br. 1430 Jam. Dom. Trin. Col. Ven.
Ara I.2.a.a.(9). N9030 W82o40 ? Pan. 331 ARAWAKAN (NORTHERN AMAZON) K.2. Ven. Br.G. Sur. Fr.G. Br.
Araboiara t M.1.b.a.(2).(b). ? Br. 1487
ARAWAKAN (NORTHWESTERN) K.l.b. Col. Ven.
Aracaju t? Z.39. S20 W530 S40 W530 Br. 1383
ARAWAKAN (ORINOCO) K.2.d. Ven.; Col.?
Aracaret t Z.39. N50 W52030t Fr.G. 1402
ARAWAKAN (PARANA) K.4.d. Para. Br. Bol.
Aracay Z.2.c. N80 W71 ? Ven. 408
Arachane = Arechane
ARAWAKAN (PRE-ANDINE) K.3. Br. Peru
ARAWAKAN (RIO BRANCO) K.2.c. Br.G. Br.
Aracohor t? M.3.b.-y.(1). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788
ARAWAKAN (RIO NEGRO) K.2.f. Br. Col.;Ven.?
Aracuaju t J.l.c.a.(2).(b).? S10 W540 Br. 1384
Aracui = Itucal
ARAWAKAN (SOUTH) K.4. Br. Bol. Para.
ARAWAKAN (WEST PARANA) K.4.d.(. Br. Para. Bol.
Araguaju = Uruaguassu
Arahuna = Araona
ARAWAKAN (XINGUAN) K.4.e. Br.
Araibayba M.l.a. .(1).(b).(().ii. S15-60 W63-40 Araya J.3.a.7y.(l).(d). N90301-10020' W71010-20' Ven.
406
Bol. 1163
Araicu = Uaraicu
Arazaire t? Q.2.a. (in part replaced by Tacanan)
S140 W710 Peru 1080
Aramagoto t? Z.39. N20 W540 Br. 1392
Aramicho t? Z.39. N30 W540 Fr.G. 1396Arbi t J.3.d.a. N4-60 W750301 Col. 577
Arana t? L.9.a. S170 W410301-420 Br.Arda
1602 t Z.39. S3030' W74h Peru 807
Are = Ivapare
Aranaua Q.l.f.7y.? S80 W720 Br. 131k
Arebato t? Z.39. N70 W650 Ven. 481
Aranhi t Z.39. S40 W43030' -44030 Br.Arechane
1506 t? M.l.a.a.(l).(b). S320 W510 Br. 1668
Araona Z.7.a.C. S130 W680 Bol. 1136
ARAONAN Z.7.a. Bol. Arecibo t K.l.a.B.(l).(b). N18030' W66030' P.R. 360
Araote = Guarau Arecuna J.l.b.a.(3) .(c). N50 w62-40 Ven. 497
ARECUNAN J.l.b.a.(3). Ven. Br.
Arapaso P.l.b.a.(2).(a). N30' W68?25-40' Br. 833
Arapiumn t Z.39. S20301 W55030' Br. 914 Arequena K.2.e.7.? Nl310' W670t Br.; N2030' W670 Ven.;
Col.? 634
Arague
Arara t?t J.2.a.a.
Z.39. N7030
S3-50 W76030"? Col.
W52-40 S90 57Arequipa
W520 Br. 1380
N.l.b.B.? S170 W720 Peru 1112
ARHUACOA I.2.d.B. Col.
Arara K.2.f.a.(1).(h). N10 W670 Br. 840
Arica t Z.39. S180 W700 Peru Chile 1117
Arara Q.1.c.a.(1). S80 W720? Br. 1350
Arara t? Z.39. s80 W630t S9030' w600 S10030 W650Aricagua t Z.2.b.~.(24).(c). N8302' W7T16' Ven. 408
Br. 1285 Aricagua Z.2.b.6.(7). N80 W71020 Ven. 408
Araracuara t? M.2.d.y.? S30 W72-40 Col. 746 Aricapu Z.39. S12030 W620 Br. 1257
Aricarl = Aracaret
Avani K.2.e.a.(1).? N2020' W67025'-680 ven. Col. 463
Aviamo Z.2.b.E.(1)
Aricobe L.1.b. .(1).(a).(a). S110301 W44-50 Br. 1532 N7055-8020' W71058'-72020 Ven. 408
Aricobe M.l.b.a.(l).(b).(a). S110 W440 Br. 1533 Aweicoma = Chocren
ARICOBEAN M.l.b.a.(1).(b). Br. Axagua t K.l.b.(.(1).(c). N90 W700 Ven. 404

Axluslay R.l.a.(. (2). S23-40 W59-60030' Para.
Aricuaisa J.3.a.a.(2).(k). N90-9030' W72030-50' Ven.
422
Ayacucho N.l.a.a.? S130 W740 Peru 1100
Arigua Z.39. N50 W630 Ven. 486 Ayaman = Ayoman
Ayana = Oiana
Arinagoto t? J.l.b.a.(4). N4k30- W62030' N5030'
W630-64o30 Ven. 491 Ayane = Avani
Arino = Tapanhuna Ayapel = Yapel
Aripa t E.l.d.a.(8). N25030' W1120 Mex. 14 Aya(r)maca = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).]

Ariqueme Z.39. S9030' W630 S10030' W630t Br. 1280
Ayavaca t Z.39. S50 W80? Peru 948
Ariti = Paressi Ayaya = Guaja
Ariu t Z.39. S60301 W380 Br. 1548 Ayaychuna Z.7.e.a. S14? W680 Bol. 1132
Arma t J.3.b.y.(4).(a).? N60 W75030' Col. 588
Aymamon t K.l.a.(.(l).(b). N18030 1 W6730' P.R. 360
Armagotu = Aramagoto Aymara t Z.39. S13045 W720301 Peru 1096
ARMAN J.3.b.y.(4). Col. AYMARA N.2. Peru Bol.
Artan t? Z.39. S170 W580 Bol.; Br.? 1188 Ayoman Z.8.b. N100201-10035' W690-700 Ven.
Arua t? K.2.a.(. N30 -S30 W490301-50"30 t N30 W51 30 Ayrico t P.2.b.(.(2). N4k30' W773 Col. 651
Br. 1433 Ayuc = Mixe
Arua t L.l.b.(.(3). S60 W420 Br. 1538 Ayuli Z.9.a.E.(4). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
Arua Z.39. S130 W620 Br. 1264 Azteca D.3.a.. (2).(a).(a).i. N17-250 W93-1070 Mex. 146
Aruacay Z.39. N90 W620 Ven. 372 AZTECOIDAN D.2.a.g. Mex. Guate. Hond. Salv. Nic. C.R.
Aruachi Z.39. S120 W620 Br. 1258 Pan.
Aruaqui t K.2.f.t.(5). S20 W620 S30 W610 S30 W580 AZTECO-TANOAN D.3. Mex. Guate. Hond. Salv. Nic. C.R. Pan.
Br. 853
Azua t Z.39. N70301 W72?30' Ven. 430
Arucui = Itucal Azumara t? J.l.b.a.(13). N30 W610 Br. 865
Aruni = Contisuyo Babayana Z.7.e.B. S4l W680 Bol. 1132
Arupal t M.l.b.y.(2).(a).(y). S70 W530 Br. 1439 Babiriquena t Z.39, N7030 W72o30' Ven. 430
Arutani = Auaque Bacairi J.2.b.a. Sll W540t S12056'-13018' W540t
Arvi = Arbi
S140 W550 S140 W55030't S12-130 W55030't Br. 1445
Asaruntoa M.3.b.E.? S40 W770 Peru 923 Bacalar D.7.a.(.(l).(a). (a). N18030 W88030' Mex. 223
Ashluslay = Axluslay Bachahom D.7.a.(.(2).(a). N17010' W92?15' Mex. 211
Asto = Angara Baciroa t D.3.a.. (2).(b).(a). N270 W1090 Mex. 48
Asurini t? M.l.b.7y.(l).(i). S3030 -50301 W530 Br. 1382
Bacua = Bagua
Atabaca t? Z.39. N7030' W700 Col. 616 Bacuen t? Z.39. S160 W420? Br. 1592
Atacama t? Z.35.a. S20-260 W65-700 Chile; Arg.; Bol.? Baena t? Z.39. S160 N400301 Br. 1582
1714
Bagaz t D.3.a.T. (2).(b). N10o301 W85020 C.R. 305
Atacame = Esmeralda
Bagua t Z.39. S60 W780301 Peru 997
Ataguate Z.20.b.y.? S50 W760 Peru 940 Baguaja Z.7.f.7. S13-150 W690 Bol. 1077
ATAGUITAN Z.35. Peru ?; Bol.?; Chile; Arg. Bahaire t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Atalala Z.5.b.c. S240301 W610 Arg. 1735Bahuna P.l.a.7. N1035-40 W69035-55 Col. 712
Atalan [Z.3.b.e.] = Huancavilca
Bailador t Z.2.b.6.(12).(b). N8?20' W71055' Ven. 408
ATALAN Z.3.b. Ec. Baimena t D.3.a.C.(2).(c).(E). N26030' W1080? Mex. 58
Atambi = Timbu
Bainoa t K.l.a.p.(l).(a). N180 W72a Haiti S.Dom. 359
Atanque t? I.2.d.p.(4). Nllo W73o? Col. 523
Baldam I.l.a. N14040 1 W83301 Nic. 283
Atapaima t? Z.39. N7030 1 W6630' Ven. 444Balsapuertino = Yamorai
Atature t? Z.39. N80 W700 Ven. 436 Bambana t? I.l.d. N13045' W8410'? Nic. 288
Atavillo t Z.39. Sllo W760 Peru 985 Bamigua = Pamigua
Ateniano = Leco
Bamoa t? D.3.a.. (2).(a). N25045 1 W108010' Mex. 67
ATHABASCAN B.2.b. Mex. Bani t K.l.a.. (2).(a). N210 W750301 Cuba 354
Aticare t? Z.39. Nll0 W690 Ven. 395 Baniua P.l.a.C. N1o30-40' W6905-301 Br. 826
Atico t Z.39. S160 W730 Peru 1106 Baniva [K.2.c.a.(1).] = Avani
Atiri = Campa BANIVA K.2.e.a. Ven. Col.
Atorai K.2.c.p.(1). N5020' W590t N2030' W59-600t Br.G.;
Baniva = Izaneni [K.2.f.a.]
N2030' W600 Br.? 514 Baniva (Issana) K.2.f.a.(l).(c). N10 W670? Br. 840
ATORAIAN K.2.c.p. Br.G.; Br. Barajagua t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N210 750 Cuba 354
Atroahy J.1.d.p.(2). Slo W61030' Br. 873 Bara t? P.l.b.p.(2).(a). S10b-N10b W700-70015' Col. 719
Atsahuaca t? Q.2.b.a'. S140 W710 Peru 1078 Baracoa t K.1.a. .(2).(a). N20030' W740 Cuba 354
ATSAHUACAN Q.2.b. Peru BARAN P.l.b.p.(2). Col.
Attaraya t? Z.39. N50 W59030' Br.G. 508 Barauana [K.2.e.p.(2).] = Barauna
Atunceta t Z.39. N3030' W770 Col. 662 Barauana [Z.39.] = Parauana
Ature t Z.16.b.a.(1). N5015' W67015-45 1Yen. 454 Barauna K.2.e.p.(2). N10301 W640301 Br. 843
Ature [Z.16.b.a.(2).] = Piaroa Barba = Voto
Atzinca G.l.a.y.(3).(b). N18058' W99020' Mex. 244 BARBACOA I.2.a.p. Col. Ec.
Auague t? Z.39. N40 W630 Ven. 489 Barbacoa t K.l.a.p.(2).(a).? N22020 W79-800 Cuba 354
Auca = Sabela
Barbado [Z.2.b.p.(24).(g).] = Barbudo
Aucanian = AraucaniaD Barbado [Z.29.a.p.] = Umotina
Aueto M.l.b.y.(2).(c).(a(.i. S12030' W540 Br. 1458 Barbado (Vianna) = Gamela
AUETOAN M.l.b.y.(2).(c).(a). Br. Barbillo t Z.39. N70301 W72030' Ven. 430
Augutge L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(n). S4-50 W48030'-49030' Barbudo Q.l.a.a.(3).(a).(6). S6030-7 1 W750? Peru 1040
Br. 1492 Barbudo t Z.2.b.p.(24).(g).? N8032' W71036' Ven. 408
Auixira Z.39. S2030' W750 Peru 806 Barbudo [Z.39.] = Mayoruna
Aunale t? Z.39. S30 W750 Peru 804 Bare K.2.e.p.(1). N2020 W66040'-700 Ven. 464
Aura = Uaura
BAREAN K.2.e.4. Ven.; Br.?
Auve t? M.3.b.6.(3). S30 W740 Peru 794 Barinao Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408
Auyamas = Tororo Basa = Patte
Ava = Canoelro
Batata t Z.39. S180 W40o? Br. 1606
Avachiripa M.1.a.a.(2).(o). S25030' W540 Br. 1651
Baticola = Mbya
Avahuguai M.1.a.a.(2).(1). S220 W550 Br. 1641
Batuc t D.3.a.().(3).(a).(). N29010a W110030l Mex. 3
518 American Anthropologist (57, 1955
Bauihca I.l.b.y.(4), N13030' W84030' Nic. 286 Burubora = Purubora
Baure t? K.4.a.a.(2). S13-150 W62-30 Bol. 1154 Burucaca t I.2.a.a.(14). N9?20' W83020' C.R
Bawahca = Bauihca Burue t 0.2. S50 W670 Br. 1352
Bayamo t K.l.a.p.(1).(b). N18020' W660 P.R. 360 Burumaquena t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430
Bayamo t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N200301 W760301 BusintanaCuba 354
= Ica [I.2.d.p.(6).]
Bayano I.2.a.p.(4). (b). N90 W78-90 Pan. 349 Busguipani Q.1.c.a.(2). S60 W740 Peru 1036
Bayaquitiri t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N20010' Wo30' Cuba 354 Byore = Uchicrin
Baymun(an)a = Baldam Cabahyba = Cauaiua
Becaba t? Z.39. S30 W730 Col.; Peru? 750 Cabanyas = Similaton
Begua = Mbegua Cabaria t Z.39. N70130 W72030' Ven. 430
Belsano = Cumbaza Cabecar I.3.a.a.(3). N10030' W83a30' C.R. 312
Bendiapa 0.1. S70 W710 Br. 1339 CABECAR I.2.a.a.(3). C.R.
Cabelludo t? L.2.c.6.(3). S240 W520 Br. 1660
Betijogue
Betoi Z.2.c.?
t Z.39. N9028
N80 W710 W70?56T
Col. 611 Ven. 407 Caberre = Cabre [K.l.b.6.(2).]
Betoya = Betoi Cabichi K.4.b.y.(1).? S130 W610 Br. 1225
Betoyan = Tucanoan Cabichi K.4.b.y.(2). S14-150 W600 Br. 1226
Bintucua I.2.d.p.(2). Nll0 W730 Col. 524 Cabichi [K.4.b.y.(4).] = Cozarini
Biriune Z.29.a.a.(5). S170 W590 Br. 1216 Cabichi Z.26.a.? S12030' W630 Br. 1268
Bisanigua Z.18.b.P. N4030' W700 Col. 626 Cabichi Z.30.a.p.(1).(b). S13130' W60030' Br. 1229
Bituruna t? Z.39. S270 W520 S260 W530 S260 W540 Br. Cabichiana = Cabichinana
1666 Cabichinana Z.39. S12035' W610 Br. 1252

Boa t I.l.b.y.(3). N12035' W85030' Nic. 295 Cabichi (Wild) = Cabichi [K.4.b.y.(1).?]
Boabera = Mbya Cabimbu Z.3.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407
Bocalo t H.11. N220 W100040' Mex. 89 Cabo I.l.a. N13-150 W83040' Nic. 291
Bocaguea t Z.39. N70 30' W72030' Ven. 430 Cabre t? K.l.a.a.(2). Lesser Antilles t N15030'
Bohane t Z.39. S32030' W570 Uru. 1790 W61030' Dom.? 365
Bohura = Mura Cabre t? K.l.b.6.(2). N40 W710 Col. 632
Bolbo = Soboibo Cacana = Diaguita
Boloa P.l.g. N30' W71040' Col. 705 Cacaopera t? I.l.c. N13045' W8805' N13046' W870 5
Bolona Z.9.a.n. S50 W790 Ec. 919 Salv. 259
Bomba t Z.2.a.y.(2).? N9025' W70050' Ven. 407 Cacataibo Q.l.a.p.(1). S90 W750? Peru 1043
Bombon = Chinchaycocha Cacataima t J.3.d.6.(5). N40 W760? Col. 654
Bonama t M.l.b.6.(2).(b).? S30 W64-50 Br. 851 Cacharari K.3.c.E.(2). S100 W760 Br. 1289
Bonari t J.l.d.a. S20 W590 Br. 883 Cachinaua Q.l.d.a.(1).(a). S80 W720 Br. 1311
BONARIAN J.l.d. Br. CACHINAUAN Q.l.d.a.(l). Br.
Bonbon t Z.39. N20 W76030'? Col. 687 Cachine t? Z.39. S21a W43a Br. 1618
Bonda t Z.39. N90 W75030'? Col. 536 Cachiniti K.4.b.a.(1). S150 W580 Br. 1223
Bora M.2.b.6. S20 W710 Col. 739 Cachuena Z.39. S1i W580 Br. 902
Boran = Miranyan
Cacoma t H.11.
Cacunubeca N20010'
t Z.39. W104?301
N7030' W72030' Mex. 81
Ven. 430
BORORO Z.29.a.a. Br.
BOROROAN Z.29.a. Br. Cacute Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408
Bororo (Cabasal) Z.29.a.a.(2).(a). S160 W570? Br.
Cadigue 1220
= Sarigue
Bororo (Campanha) Z.29.a.a.(2).(b). S170 W570? Br.
Cadiguegodi 1217
= Caduveo
Bororo (Eastern) = Orarimugudoge Cadiudiapa 0.10.g. S70 W700 Br. 1338
BORORO (WESTERN) Z.29.a.a.(2). Br. Cadupinapo t Z.39. N60 W650 Ven. 483
BOROTUQUE Z.29. Br. Bol. Caduquilidiapa 0.8.a. S6030' W700 Br. 1341
Boruca I.2.a.a.(10). N90 W83030' C.R. 325 Caduveo R.2.a.a.(l). S210 W560 Br. 1679
Borun [L.9.] = Botocudo Caete t M.l.b.a.(2).(c). S8-110 W360 Br. 1553
Borun [L.9.d.] = Gueren Cagaba I.2.d.p.(1). Nllo W73 Col. 527
Botocudo [L.2.b.] = Chocren Caguachi Z.10.a.p.(1). S1330' W720 Peru 808
Botocudo [M.l.a.a.(5).] = Ivapare Cahibo t K.l.a.p.(1).(a). N190 W710 S.Dom. 359
BOTOCUDO L.9. Br. CAHITA D.3.a.C.(2).(a). Mex.
Boyaca t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N21040 W76030' Cuba 354
CAHITAN D.3.a.C.(2). Mex.
Bracamoro t Z.9.a.e. S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Cahuapana Z.20.a.a. S50 W77a Peru 942
Bravos Z.19.a.a.(1). N30 W690? Col. 633 CAHUAPANA Z.20.a. Peru
Bribri I.2.a.a.(8). N9040' W83020' C.R. Pan. 321 CAHUAPANAN Z.20. Peru
BRIBRIAN I.2.a.a.(8). C.R. Pan. Cahuarano = (?) Maracana [M.3.b.6.(2).]

Brunca = Boruca Caiabi M.l.b.y.(3).(f).(a). S12-130 W54-50 Br. 1444
CAIABIAN
Bubure t? J.3.a.p. N8055 -9020' W71010' M.l.b.y.(3).(f).
N9015-25' Br.
W71010-251 N9-100 W72-72030' Ven. 410
Calamo L.l.a.B.(1).(j). S150 W540 Br. 1447
Bucobu = Piocobge CAIAPO L.l.a.p. Br.
Bucueta-Sabanero = Murire Caiapo (Norte) L.l.a.B.(1).(d). S3a30' W530 4-60 W550
Buculia = Lacalia S5-70 W53-40 S7-100 W50-40 S90 W550 Br. 1437
Bue M.2.a.n. Slo W740? Col. 751 CAIAPO (NORTHERN) L.l.a.p.(1). Br.
Buga t J.3.c.B. N40 W76030' Col. 656 Caiapo (Sul) t? L.l.a.B.(2). S160-200 W470-550 Br. 1628
Bugre = Chocren Calapo (Xingu) = Gorotire
Buhagana P.I.c.p.(7). S25' W69?201-700 Col. 723Caicouchiane t Z.39. N3O W530 30 Fr.G. 1414
BUHAGANA P.l.c.B. Col. Caicuchana J.l.c.B.(l).(f). N10-30' W700301-710 Col.
BUHAGANAN P.l.c. Col. 698
Bujay Z.2.c.? N90 W71?? Ven. 407 Caiman I.2.a.B.(4).(b). N9030' W78-900? Pan. 349
Buninahua Q.l.a.B.(4). S90 W750? Peru 1043 Caime M.2.a.a. Slo W740? Col. 751
Buntigua = Bintucua CAINGANG L.2.a. Br.
Burba t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430 CAINGANGAN L.2. Br.; Arg.?
Burbusay Z.2.c.? N9028 W71?27 Ven. 407 Caingang (Parana) L.2.a.B. S270 W530 Br. 1663
Burede J.3.a.g. N10020-40 W72030' -730 Ven. 417 Caingang (Rio Grande do Sol) L.2.a.y. S280 W5130'-54
Burgua t Z.39. N7al0-25 W71a20-40 Ven. 430 Br. 1670
Burica t? I.2.b.a.(10). N8040 W830 C.R. Pan. 329 Caingang (Sao Paulo) t? L.2.a.a.(1). S220 W500 Br.
Caingua [L.2.b.] = Chocren
Buriquero t Z.39. N7?30 W72030 Ven. 430
Buritaca t Z.39. N90 W750 30'? Col. 536 Caingua [M.1.a.a.(2).(a).] = Apapocuva
Buritica t J.3.b.7.(3).(b). N6?30 W760 Col. 560

Canelo t W510
Caingua t? M.l.a.a.(2).(b). S220 W490t S220 Z.13.d. S2 0 W780 Ec. 784
S22-50W550t? S250 W530 S260 W520 S270
Canesi = W530
Canichana Br.;
S270 W550 Para.; Arg.?; S300 W500tCangaime

Br. 1633 Z.9.a.p.(6). S20 W78a? Ec.; Peru? 782
Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(f).] = Mbya Cangutu K.3.c.e.(1). S100 W670? Br. 1290
Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(1).] = Avahuguai Canichana t? Z.39. S13-140 W64-50 Bol. 1144
Caingua [M.1.a.a.(2).(m).] = Paiguassu Caninde t Z.39. S4030' W390 S50 W390 Br. 1540
Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(n).] = Yvytyigua Canoa Z.39. S12030 1 W610 Br. 1251
Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(o).] = Avachiripa Canoe = Canoa
Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(p).] = Catanduva Canoeiro M.1.a.y.(2). S120 W500 S13-140 W490t

CAINGUAN M.l.a.a.(2). Br.; Para.; Arg.? S14-150 W510t Br. 1468
Calotugui Z.27.g. S220-W590? Para. 1706 Canyari t? Z.3.a.a.(2). S2-30 W78-800 Ec. 780
Caipotorade Z.28.b.6. 3210 W590? Para. 1692 Canyete = Huarco
Cairara = Uadioparanindiapa Caouri K.1.b.B.(2).(e). N4? W710? Col. 631
Caitiri = Quipea Capachene Z.7.a.a. Sll W680 Bol. 1139
Caizcimu t K.1.a.B.(1). (a). N180 W69-710 Capacho
S.Dom. t359
Z.39. N7?o30-80 W72010-40' Ven. Col. 429
CaJamarca N.l.a.E. S8-90 W780 Peru 976 Capahuari Z.9.a.y.(1). S3o W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
CaJamarca t Z.39. s80 W780 Peru 976 Capana Z.6.d.a.(1).? S8a W67a Br. 1356
Cajatampo t Z.39. Sll0 W77? Peru 983 Capanahua Q.l.c.a.(1). S60 W740 Peru 1037
Cajono G.4.a. N17010 W960151 Mex. 189 CAPANAHUA Q.l.c.a. Peru
Cajuenche = Kohuana CAPANAHUAN Q.l.c. Peru
Caparicoto t? Z.39. N10015'-110 W68040'-69025' Ven.
Cakchiquel
243
D.7.b.B.(1). N14020-50' W90030',-91015' Guate.
394
Calamari t J.3.b.a.(1).(c). N10030' W750301 Col. 531Z.2.b.B.(21). N7040'-8a W710-71015' Ven. 408
Caparu
Calapalo = Apalaquiri Capaz Z.2.c. N80 W71T? Ven. 408
Calchaqui = Diaguita Capichana = Cabichinana
Calen Z.38.g. S540 W720? Chile 1815 Capiecran = Ramcocamecra
Caliana M.1.b.B.(2). N20 W550 Br. 1386 Capinamari Z.6.d.a.(2).? S70 W660 Br. 1356
Caliana Z.39. N40 W630 Ven. 490 Capite = Cuati
Capocho t L.4.a. S170 W43a Br. 1594
Calino t? J.1.a.a.(2). N15030 W610301 Bel. Guate. Hond.;
N15030 -170 W85-80 Dom. 363 Capucho = Capacho
Calinya J.l.a.B.(l).(b). N5-5015 W55015 N5020a Capuibo Q.3.a.y. S'130 W67a Bol. 1147
W54030' N505' W57ot Sur. 1399 Caquetio t K.l.b.p.(l).(a). N12a W6830' Bonaire;
Caliseca t Q.l.a.a.(2).(a).(a).? S80 W750? Peru 10491 N120 W690 Curazao; N12a40' W70O Aruba; N110-110101
Callaga = Abipon W70010'-710 N110-11025' W68030'-69030'
Calva t Z.39. S40 W800 Ec.; Peru? 916 N9020'-10a15' W68050'-69a20' N8030'-9490'
Cama t Z.37.a.6. S200 W650? Arg. 1783
Camacan t? L.3.a.y. S150 W40a Br. 1576 W670?30-670501 N7045'-8030' W691-70030' Ven. 396
CAQUETIO K.l.b.p.(1). Ven.
CAMACAN t? L.3.a. Br. CAQUETIOAN K.l.b.B. Ven. Col.
CAMACANIAN L.3. Br. Cara tI.2.a.B.(2).(d). N30' W780 Ec. 770
Camacom t? M.l.b.p.(3).(b). N20 W530 Br. 1427Carabere M.l.a.B.(1).(b).(B).ii. S15-160 W63-40 Bol.
Camacor = Comacor 1163
Camaguey t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N21a30 W77040'-78020' Cuba
Carabinani t? Z.39. 0 W62a Br. 871
354 Caraca [Z.3.b.6.(3).] = Caraque
Camaiura M.l.b.y.(3).(f).(B). S120 W540 Br. 1460
Camana t Z.39. S170 W72030 Peru 1110 Caraca t? Z.39. N100?30 W670 Ven. 389
Caracara t Z.39. S300 W580 Arg. 1787
Camaniba J.3.a.A. N40 W71a? Col. 643 Caracatage t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(B) . S4030'W45030' Br.
Camaracoto J.l.b.a.(3).(a). N50 W61-20 N70 W620t Ven. 1513
499 Caracaty = Cricatage
Camarinagua t? Z.39. S90 W73a? Peru 1047 Carache Z.2.c.? N9040' W70025' Ven. 407
Camatica K.3.d.a.(3). S10050 W750? Peru 1053 Caragua = Canagua
Camba = Chiriguano Caraho L.l.a.B.(l).(a). S10? W500? Br. 1529
Cambi = Yalcon Carahuala I.l.b.y.(2).(b). N13030'-14o30' W85-60 Nic.
Camiare t Z.39. S34a W650? Arg. 1782 273
Campa K.3.d.a.(4). S100 W750 Peru 1051 Carahuatanamira = Buhagana
CAMPAN K.3.d.a. Peru Caraia t Z.39. S210 W43030' Br. 1619
Campeva = Omagua [M.1.b.6.(1).(b).] Caraica t? 2.39. S420 W710? Chile; Arg.? 1806
Campuya P.2.a.a.(4). S30' W74? Peru; Col.? 792 Caraja [L.l.a.p.(1).(d).] = Caiapo (Norte)
Camsa = Mocoa Caraja Z.32.a.a. S9-120 W500 S13030'-150 W510 Br.
Camuchivo Z.10.b.A.? S40 W740 Peru 931 1467
Camucuay Z.2.c.? N80 W71 ? Ven. 408 CARAJA Z.32.a. Br.
Camuru t? Z.33.a.1. S120 W400t S130 W40030't S140
Carajahi t? Z.32.a.B. S100 W500? Br. 1470
W41030' S150 w410 Br. 1568 CARAJAN Z.32. Br.
Cana t? N.2. S13?30r W700 Peru 1088 Caramanta t J.3.b.y.(2).(b). N60 W76030' Col. 565
Canacatage = Poncatage Carane t? Z.39. N40 W520 Fr.G. Br. 1416
Canadiapa 0.10.b. S8o W730 Br. 1317 Caranariu t Z.39. N40 W520 Br. 1417
Caranga N.2. S180 W680 Bol. 1197
Canagua
408 t Z.2.b.6.(2). N7?50'-8020 W7115-45' Ven.
Caranqui = Cara
Canahuari = Canamari [Q.1.f.w.] Carapacho t? Q.l.a.B.(5).? (replaced by Caxibo?)
Canamari K.3.c.a. S10-120 W66-700 Br. 1291 S9045' W75030' Peru 1027
Canamari 0.3. S W670 S 70 W68-9 0 S90 W700 Br. 1354 Carapana [M.2.b.a.] = Miranya
Canamari Q.l.f.7. S110 W710 Br. 1294 Carapana P.l.b.6. 0-N20 W700 Br.
Canarin t Z.39. S170 W410 Br. 1605 Carapo t Z.39. N7 0 30 W72030' Ven. 430
Cancebi t Z.3.b.6.(2). S40' W8030 Ec. 776 araot t Z.39. S8040' W36030' S0l W360 Br. 1555
Canchi t? N.2. S13030' W71030' Peru 1087 Carague t Z.3.b.6.(3).? S40 W80030 V Ec. 776
Candoa Z.9.a.B.(5). S3o W78a? Ec.; Peru? 782
CARAQUEAN Z.3.b.6. Ec.
Candoxi = Murato Cararana = Carcaranya
Canela = Canelo [Z.13.d.] Carare J.3.a.e.(4).? N5030 W74030' Col. 599
CANELA L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(a). Br. CARAREAN J.3.a.E.? Col.
CANELAN t Z.13. Ec.
Cararita t Z.39. N7?30' W76030 ? Col. 557
Caras Pretas = Mundurucu
Canelo N.l.. S2a W780 Ec. 784
520 American Anthropologist 157, 1955
Carate t J.3.a.a. (3). N7030 W73030 Col. 594 Caryari = Cauyari
Caravare = Curuaia Casacara Z.39. N80 W740? Col. 543
Caraveli t Z.39. S16020' W730 Peru 1107 Casca Q.1.a.a.(3).(a).(a). S6030 W75? Peru 1040
Carbonero = Mucubaji Cascayunga = Chachapoya [Z.39.]
Carcaranya t Z.39. S32-30 W60-10 Arg. 1798 Cascoasoa t Z.39. S70301 W770 Peru 1022
Careluta = Cautarle Cases t Z.2.b.B.(24a). ? N8032' W71036 Ven. 408
Carera t? Z.28.a.D.(2).(b). S190 W590? Bol. 1208 Casma t Z.39. S9050' W780 Peru 961
CARERAN Z.28.a.D.(2). Bol.
Casquiha Z.27.b. S220 W590 Para. 1695
Carex t J.3.b.a.(l).(c). N110W760 Col. 530 Catacao t? Z.39. S50 W800301? Ec. 915
Carl t J.3.b.6. N530' W770 Col. 568 Catanduva M.1.a.a.(2).(p). S230 W520? Br. 1658
Carlachll t Z.39. N90 W73? Ven. 420
Catapa t I.2.a.a.(12).? N9050' W83050 ? C.R. 317
Carlala t? K.2.e.6. Sio W630 Br. 855 Catapolitani K.2.f.a.(2). N40' W67040'-68030t Br. 839
Carlb t J.l.a.a.(1). Lesser Antilles t N15030 Catarro t? Z.39. N70 W680? Ven. 451
W61?301 Dom.? 364 Catatumbo J.3.a.a,(2).(1). N90-9 30 W72030-50' Ven. 422
Carlb J.l.a.D.(l).(d). N90 W63-50 N80W61030' -62030' t
Catatumbo-Rio de Oro = Motilon [K.1.b.p.(4).?]
N7-80 W600 Ven.; N70 W580 N6a3o' W6o0t N40 Catauian
W58?t J.l.c.a.(9). N20 W570 Br. 895
N30 W60?t Br.G.; N2030' W51030 't N20' W51 Catauichi
30't 0.4.? S6a W65-7at S4a W66 0 Br. 1351
Br. 503
Catethoi t L.3.b.B. S130301 W420? Br. 1574
CARIB J.l.a.p.(1). Ven. Br.G. Sur. Fr.G. Br.
Catiana K.3.c.y. S9030 W70030 ? Br. 1332
CARIBAN J. Bel.? Guate.? Hond.? Roatan? Dom.? Trin.
Catio J.3.b.a.(1).(b). N70 W77a Col. 556
Ven. Br.G. Sur. Fr.G. Br. Col. Peru?
Catio t Z.39. N7T30' W76030'? Col. 557
CARIBAN (AMAZON NORTHERN) J.l.c. Br. Sur. Fr.G. Col.
Catongo K.3.d.a.(5). Sll0 W760? Peru 1052
CARIBAN (CENTRAL NORTHERN) J.l.b. Br.G. Sur. Br. Ven.
Catuquina K.3.c.B.? S90 W700 Br. 1333
CARIBAN (COASTAL NORTHERN) J.l.a. Dom.? Roatan? Bel.?
Guate.? Hond.? Trin. Ven. Br.G. Br. Sur. Fr.G.
Catuguina 0.5.c. S40 W670 S50 w65-60t Br. 1349
Catuquina [Q.l.e.] = Panoan (Catuquina)
CARIBAN (EASTERN AMAZON NORTHERN) J.l.c.a. Br. Sur.
Fr.G.?
Catuquina Q.l.e.E. $S7 W730 Br. 1322
CATUQUINA 0.5. Br.
CARIBAN (INSULAR COASTAL NORTHERN) t? J.l.a.a. Dom.?
CATUQUINAN 0. Br.
Roatan? Bel.? Guate.? Hond.?
CATUQUINAN (MISCELLANEOUS) 0.10. Br.
CARIBAN (MAINLAND COASTAL NORTHERN) J.1.a.p. Br. Ven.
Catuguinaru t? M.1.b.y.(3).(J).? S90 W710? Br. 1331
Br.G. Sur. Fr.G. Trin.
Catuguino 0.6. S6030' W640t S6030' W64030'-660
CARIBAN (MARACAIBO-MAGDALENA) J.3.a. Col. Ven. Peru?
S6030' W67-90t Br. 1353
CARIBAN (NORTHERN) J.1. Dom.? Roatan? Bel.? Guate.?
Hond.? Trin. Ven. Br.G. Br. Sur. Fr.G. Col. Caua 636
K.2.f.a.(3). N1020-30 W68055 -69?05 Br.; Col.?
CARIBAN (NORTHWESTERN) J.3. Col. Ven. Peru? Pan.? Cauahib = Cauaiua
CARIBAN (SOUTHEAST NORTHWEST) J.3.d. Col.
Cauaiua M.l.b.y.(3).(a).(a). S100 W580t S120 W620 Br.
CARIBAN (SOUTHERN) J.2. Br. 1241
CARIBAN (SOUTHWEST NORTHWEST) J.3.c. Col.
CAUAIUAN M.l.b.y.(3).(a). Br.
CARIBAN (XINGUAN) J.2.b. Br.
Caucahue t Z.38.a. S490 W740 Chile 1811
CARIBAN (WESTERN AMAZON NORTHERN) J.l.c.D. Col.
CAUCAN J.3.b.y. Col.
Carib (Black) H.4. N15030'-170 W86-90 Bel. Guate. Hond.
Cauichana K.2.f.C.(1). S2030' W66-70 Br. 816
263
Caribice t? J.l.a.D.(1).(a). N60 W580 Br.G. 507 Caumari Z.10.a.D.(2). S3?30' W72? Peru 808
Caricocox t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Caugui Z.39. S1230' W76 0 Peru 991
Carigri Z.2.c. N8a W71a? Ven. 408
Cautarie Z.28.a.n. $200 W600? Para.? 1207
Cautario = Cumana
Cariguano t Z.39. N20 W570 Br. 894
Carijo = Guarani
Cauyari K.2,f.p.(1). 0-S35 a W70040-55' Col. 737
Cavana t Z.39. S16030' W730 Peru 1108
CariJona J.l.c.p. (). (i). S50'-1010' W70050'-71025'
Cavina N.l.b.a.(l). S13?301 W71?30' Peru 1086
S50'-N35' W70050'-71015 Col. 704 Cavinenyo Z.7.a.y.? S140 W670 Bol. 1141
CARIJONAN J.l.c.p.(l). Col.
Cavinya Z.7.a.p. S140 W670 Bol. 1141
Carilma t? M.l.a.a.(2).(c). 230 W540 Br. 1643 Cawahib = Cauaiua
Carime Z.15.b. N4a W64a Br. 845
Cawishana = Cauichana
Carinepagoto t J.l.a.p.(12). Na1010 w61040 N100501
Caxibo Q.l.a.p.(8). S90 W750 Peru 1043
W61040 'Trin. 367 CAXIBOAN Q.l.a.P. Peru
Cariniaco t Z.39. N7 30 W65 Ven. 479 Caxiboaano Q.l.a.a.(3).(b).(6). S70 W75030 ? Peru 1034
Carlo [M.l.a.a.(1).(a).] Guarani
Cario M.l.a.D.(1).(b).(D).vii. S15-160 W63-40 Bol. Caxiita P.l.e.p. Sl?101 W69030' Col. 727
CAXIITAN P.l.e. Col.
1163
Caxinyo Q.l.a.a.(2). S9a W750? Peru l043
Caripuna Q.3.a.D.(l). Silo W65a Br. 1286
Cayaguayo t K.1.a.D.(2).(a). N22a W77a Cuba 354
Caripuna t Z.39. N2? W600 Br. 890 Cayapa I.2.a.D.(2).(c). N1l W79a Ec. 766
Caripuna t? Z.39. S30 W61?130 Br. 872
CAYAPAN I.2.a.D.(2). Ec.
CARIPIUNAN Q.3.a.p. Br.
Cayon = Gayon
Cariquena t Z.39. N7?30 W720301? Ven. 430 Cayuishana = Cauichana
Cariri t Z.33.a.E. S70 W390 $8a W41' $9 W39 Br.
Cayuvava t? Z.39. S12-130 W65-70 Bol. 1140
Cazabata t Z.39. N730 1 W72030 ? Ven. 430
1549CARIRI Z.3.a. Br.
CARIRIAN
CARIRIANZ.33.a. Br. Z.33. Br. Cazcan t D.3.a.n.(2).(e).(a). N21?30' W1040 N23 W1030
Mex. 91
Caritiana t Z.39. S10030' W640 Br. 1282 CENUAN t J.3.b.B. Col.
Cariu t Z.39. S60 W400 Br. 1544
Carnijo = Fulnio
Cenufana t J.3.b.B.(2). N7030' W750 Col. 549
Ceona = Sioni
Caron t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Cepa = Zapa
Carraim t Z.39. S250 W590? Arg. 1743
Cercada = Tequia
Carrapa t J.3.b.-y7.(1).(b). N5030 W760 Col. 576 Cereu t? Z.39. Sl1 W580? Br. 882
Carrizo t E.1.c.p. N24? 30 W980 Mex. 103 Chaca = Angara
Cartama t J.3.b.y.(2).(c). N60 W76? Col. 562
Cartatama =Cartama Chacahuaxtli D.8.a. N20030' W97055 Mex. 177
caruama Z.39. S17 W710 Peru 1119 Chacamecra t L.l.a.a..(2).(b).(h). $50-5030' W~4030' Br.
1509
Carunaua =Cullnha
Carutana K.2.f.a.(1).(k). N25-50 W67035-40 Br. 840

Chachapoya N.l.a.r. S7-80 W780 Peru 1002
CARUTANAN K.2.f.a. (1). Br.
Chachapoya t 2.39. $7-80 W780 Peru 1002
Chachique Z.2.a.y.(4).(b). N9023' W70?-0 Ven. 407
Chachopo Z.2.c.? N8055' W70055' Ven. 408
Cheminaua Q.l.d.a. ().(b). S80 W720? Br. 1311
Chachu Z.2.a.-y.k4).(c). N9020' W70040'Chepo
Ven. 407
I.2.a.B.(4).(b). N90 W78-90? Pan. 349
Chacobo Q.3.a.a. S130 W660 Bol. 1148
Cherembo Z.9.a.B.,(2). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
Chacopata t J.l.a.B. (6). Nl0010' W64020? VYen. 379 Cherente L.l.b .. (3). S9040 W480 S10-110 W45-80t Br.
Chacriaba t L.l.b.a.(1). S10-110 W45-70 Br. 1530 1528
Chaguan Z.14.b. N8030' W620 Ven. 371 Cheta = Ivapare
Chaliva [D.3.a.g.(2).(a).(a), iv,..] = Sigua Chiapaneco t G.1l.e.a. N160301 W930 Mex. 206
Chaliva I.2.b.a.(6). N90 W82045' Pan. 334 Chibcha (Muisca) 9 I.2.d.a.(1).(a). N50 W740 Col. 601
Chama [Z.2.b.B.] = Migurian CHIBCHAN 1.2. Col. Ec. Pan. C.R. Nic.
Chama Z.7.f.B. S140 W68-90? Bol. 1133 CHIBCHAN (CENTRAL AMERICAN) 1.2.d.y. Nic.
CHAMA Q.l.a. Peru; Br.? CHIBCHAN (COLOMBIAN) I.2.b.B. Col.
CHAMACOCO Z.28.b.a. Para. CHIBCHAN (EASTERN) I.2.d. Col. Nic.
Chamacocoan = Zamucoan (South) CHIBCHAN (INTER-ANDINE) I.2.c. Col.
Chamacoco Bravo = Tumereha
CHIBCHAN (ISTHMIAN) I.2.b.a. Pan.
Chamacoco Manso [Z.28.b.a.(1).] = Ebidoso CHIBCHAN (ISTHMIAN)(UNCLASSIFIED) I.2.b.a.(10). Pan.
Chamacoco Manso [Z.28.b.a.(2).] = Horio CHIBCHAN (PACIFIC) I.2.b. Col. Pan.
Chambioa t? Z.32.c. 180 W490 Br. 1473 CHIBCHAN (WESTERN) I.2.a. Ec. Col. Pan. C.R.
Chamelteca t H.11. N190301 W105051? Mex. 132 Chicama t Z.39. S70401 W790 Peru 955
Chamichuna 9 L.5.b.o. S200 W43?? Br. 1614 Chicha t Z.39. S200 W650 Bol. 1710
Chamicura t? Z.39. S5030' w750 Peru 937 Chicheren K.3.d.a.(6). S12030' W730 Peru 1068
Chamula = Tzotzil
Chichimeca-Jonaz G.1.a.6. () . N21025' W1000301 Mex. 152
Chana [K.4.d.a.(1).] = Layana Chichuy Z.2.b.B.(7). N8030' W71015 Ven. 408
Chana [K.4.d.a.(5).] = Guana Chicluna = Sicluna
Chana t Z.39. S340 W586 Arg. 1792 Chicomucelteco t D.7.a.a.(2). N15050' W92020' Mex. 205
Chana-Mbegua t Z.39. S350 W590 Arg. 1794 Chicri = Uchicrin
Chana-Timbu t Z.39. S350 W600 Arg. 1793 Chicriaba = Chacriaba
Chanca t Z.39. Si3030' W730 Peru 1097 Chiguando Z.9.a.B.(4). S30 w780? Ec.; Peru? 782
Chancay t Z.39. S120 W770 Peru 965 Chiguara Z.2.b.B.(11). N80301 W71045' Ven. 408
Chanco J.3.b.a.(2).(b). N40 W77030 Col. 574 Chiguasa Z.9.a.a. (7). S50 w780 Peru 921
Chanco t J.3.c.y. N4c30' W770 Col. 658 Chiguebo = Eyibogodegi
Chanco t Z.3.a.B.(6). 180 W790? Peru 956
Chandule = Guarani Chilanga H.7. N13040.' W88010 Salv. 258
Chilca t Z.39. S13020' W770 Peru 968
Chane K.4.d.B.(2). S17030' W61030't? Bol. 1172 Chilicuna = Paravilhana
Chane M.L.a.B.(7). (replacing Chanet[K.4.d.B.(2).]) Chiliuvo Z.7.e.-. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
S170 W630 S190 W630 Bol. 1195 Chillao = Chachapoya [Z.39.]
Chane t? Z.39. S17058' W570 Br. 1214 Chilote t? S.2.b. S430 W740 Chile 1767
Chaneabal = Tojolabal
Chilque N.l.b.a. (3). S13030' W720 Peru 1089
Chaneabaloid = Tojolabaloid Chimana = Jumana
Changina = Changuena Chimane Z.23.b.6. S15-170 W660 Bol. 1165
Chango t Z.39. S210 W700 Chile 1712 CHIMANEAN Z.23.b. Bol.
Changuena t I.2.b.c.(6). N90 W82030 Pan. 336 Chimaniza Z.23.b.a. S15-170 W660 Bol. 1165
CHANGUENAN I.2.b.a.(6). Pan. Chimbote t Z.39. S90 W780401 Peru 959
Chao t Z.39. S8040' W78050' Peru 958 Chimila t? K.1.b.a.(5).? N11 W750 Col. 529
Chapa = Zapa Chimu = Quingnam
Chapacura Z.25.a.a. S150 W620 S160 W630 Bol. Chinacota
1161 = Chitarera
CHAPACURAN Z.25. Bol. Br.
Chinanteco G.3. N170301-18010' W960-96040'
CHAPACURAN (GUAPORE) Z.25.a. Bol. Br. CHINANTECO G.3. Mex.
CHAPACURAN (MADEIRA) Z.25.b. Br.
Chinarra 9 D.3.a..(3). (c). (a).i. N30030' W1070 Mex. 37
Chapan K.l.b.p.(2).(d).(P). N4? W710? Col. 645 Chinatahua = Chunatahua
Chapara J.3.a.a.(2).(e). N9o_9o301 W72030-50'? Ven. 422
Chinato t Z.39. N8?o-830' W72035-55' Ven. Col. 42
Chapra = Zapa
Chinautla D.7.b.y.(2). (a). N14035' W900301 Guate.
Chaque J.3.a.a. (1). (d. N9055'-1005' W72010-30' Ven. 411
Chincha [Z.3.a.. (5). ] = Mochica
CHAQUEAN J.3.a.a.(1). Ven.
Chincha t Z.39. S13050' W76030' Peru 971
Charaque t? Z.39. N7 W710301 Ven. 435 Chinchaycocha t Z.39. Sll0 W760 Peru 984
Chararana = Echoaladi
Chinchaysuyu = Quechuan (Northern)
Charca N.2. S190 W66) Bol. 1201
Chinchipe t Z.39. S5-60 W790 Peru 945
Charrua t Z.39. S32-40 W53-90 Uru. 1788 Chinipa t D.3.a.C.(2).(e). N27025' W108030' Mex. 53
Chasutino N.l.k. S70301 W670 Peru 1022 Chino Z.2.b.a.(11). N8055' W70049' Ven. 408
Chatino G.4.b. N16-17030' W970-97030T Mex. 183 Chipa 9 J.1.a.B.(9).(b). N100 W680301? Ven. 393
CHATINOAN G.4.b. Mex.
Chipaia t? M.l.b.y.(2).(a).(a).ii. S40 W540 S6030'
Chato t I.1.c.? N140 W880? Hond. 254 W54030r Br. 1378
Chauanaua Q.1.e.a.(2). S80 W720? Br. 1330 Chipaya = Uru
Chaui = Chayahuita Chipeo Montarez = Manamabobo
CHAUIAN Z.20.b.B. Peru
Chipinaua Q.1.f.B. S80 W730 Br. 1315
Chavante L.l.b.a.(2). S130 W520? Br. 1465 Chiguena 9 J.1.c.a.(7). N0o W580 Br. 901
Chavante [Z.39.(S200W540) ] = Cucura Chigui t L.2.a.a.(3).? S250 W510 Br. 1661
Chavante [Z.39. (S200 W55020' etc.)] = Opale Chigui t L.2.c.6.(2). S250 W540 Br. 1654
Chavante [Z.39. (S230 W510)] = Oti CHIQUIAN L.2.a.a. Br.
Chayahuita Z.20.b.p.(1). S5-60 W770 Peru 9411Chiquimiti = Baure
Chayma t J.l.a.p.(11).(c). N80 W59-600 N8-10030'
Chiguito Z.4.a.e. S170 W600 Bol. 1178
W63-40 Ven. 368 'CHIQUITO K.4.a.B. Bol.
CHAYMAN J.l.a.B.(11). Ven. CHIQUITO Z.4.a. Bol.
Cheaque = Quehache CHIQUITOAN Z.4. Bol.
Chebero Z.20.b.a. S50 W760 Peru 9392 Chiquitoan (North) = Chiquito [Z.4.a.]
CHEBEROAN Z.20.b. Peru
Chiquitoan (South) = Churapa
Chechehet = Het
Chiquiyami [S.2.c.] = (?) Cuncho
Chedua t Z.39. 170 W770 Peru 99 Chiquiyami t Z.39. S33-70 W680 Arg. 1776
Cheiru M.l.a.a.(2).(k). S240 W540? Br.; S250 W540? Chiquiyana = Chiquiyami
Para. 1645
Chira 9 Z.39. S50 W810 Peru 951
CheJende Z.2.c.? N90:35 W70034 Ven. 407 Chirabo t? Z.39. S40 W73o Peru 932
Chiracota J.3.a.y.(1).(c). N9030'-10o20' W71010-20' Chucuna K.1.b.B.(2).(c). N50 W720? Col. 630
Ven. 406 Chucunague I.2.a.B.(4).(b). N8020'-9015 W77050'-780251
Chirapa Z.9.a.B.(3). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Pan. 349
Chiriana Z.15.a.a. N2-40 W61-64030' Br. 861 Chucuri t Z.39. N70301 W72030t Ven. 30
CHIRIANAN Z.15. Br. Ven. Chucurpu = Chocorvo
Chiriba = Chirigua Chucuru Z.39. S7030' W36030' S80 W36030't Br. 1559
Chudavina t? M.3.a.a.(2).? S30 W770 Peru; Ec.? 800
Chiricoa Z.18.a.a.(1). N7030' W680 Ven.; N5040-50'
W67055'-68035' Col. 622 Chuj D.7.a.B.(2).(c). N15050' W91025 Guate. 226
CHIRICOAN Z.18.a.a. Col. Ven. ChuJ (Soloma) = Solomeco
Chiricume t? Z.39. S10 W580? Br. 881 Chulupi [R.l.a.B.(2)] = Axluslay
Chirigua t Z.7.c.6. S150 W670 Bol. 1142 Chulupi [Z.5.b.B.(4).] = Chunupi
CHIRIGUANAN M.l.a.B.(1). Bol. Chumana t? Z.7.c.a. S150 W670 Bol. 1142
Chumano Z.23.b.B. S15-170 W660 Bol. 1165
Chiriguano M.1.a.B.(1).(a). S18-230 W63-40 Bol. Arg.
120? Chumbia t H.11. N18015 Wlo0145'? Mex. 159
Chumpa Z.23.a.6. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166
Chiriluot Z.39.
Chirino t I.2.b.a.(7).
S50 w780 N8050 W820 Pan. 37
Peru 946 Chumpivilca t Z 39. S140 W720 Peru 1091
Chiripa M.1.a.a.(2).(d). S250 W54-60 Br. Para. 1655 Chumula I.3.b.a.(8). N8050' W82020' Pan. 337
Chiripo [I.2.a.a.(3).] = Cabecar Chumulu = Chumula
Chiripo I.2.a.a.(5). N100 W83020' C.R. 318 Chumulue = Chumula
Chiripuno Z.12.b.? Slo0 W770 Ec. 789 Chunatahua t? Z.39. S90 W76030' Peru 1026
Chiroquina R.2.b.a.(1).(g). S250 W590? Arg. 1707 Chuncho [K.3.d.] = Arawakan (Montanya)
Chuncho Z.7.f.6. S13-150 W690 Peru Bol. 1077
Chiru t I.2.b.a.(10).
Chisquio Z.39. N30301 N8030'
W770?W800
Col. Pan.
678 345 Chuncho [Z.39.] = Leco
Chitarera Z.39. N6050 -7030' W72050'-73040' Col.; Chunti t? Z.39. S80 W740? Peru 1
Ven.? 430 Chunupi Z.5.b.B.(4). S250 W62030 Arg. 1729
Chivamona Z.7.e.6. S140 W680 Bol. 1132 CHUNUPIAN Z.5.b.B. Arg.
Chizo t D.3.a.(.(3).(c).(a).ii. N29030 W104030 Mex. Chupacho t Z.39. S9030' W76030 Peru 1010
Chuquidcana = Quidquidcana
Chobu Z.2.a.y.(4).(a). N9025' W70?40' Ven. 407 Churapa Z.4.b. S180 W640 Bol. 1170
Chocama = Nonama Churitana Z.21.d. S60 W760? Peru 1029
Chocho [G.l.b.a.] = Popoloca Churoya Z.18.b.a. N4030 W700 Col. 626
Chocho G.l.b.y. N17045' W97015' Mex. 175 CHUROYAN Z.18.b. Col.
Choclococha t Z.39. S120301 W740 Peru 993 Chusco t? Z.39. S100 W770 Peru 1012
Choco Z.39. S80 W380f S100 W360 Br. 1560 Cibao = Cahibo
CHOCO J.3.b.a. Col. Pan. Ciboney (Cuba) t Z.39. N230 W83a Cuba 352
CHOCOAN J.3.b. Col. Pan. Ciboney (Haiti) t Z.39. N180 W730 Haiti 361
CHOCOAN (UNCLASSIFIED) J.3.b.6. Col. Cieguaje t? P.2.a.c.(7). 0 W750? Col. 755
CHOCOAN (UNCLASSIFIED NORTH) J.3.b.a.(1).(c). Col. Pan.
Ciguayo t K.1.a.B.(3). N190W70-10 S.Dom. 358
CHOCO (NORTH) J.3.b.a.(1). Col. Pan.
Cima t J.3.b.6. N50 W77? Col. 571
CHOCO (SOUTH) J.3.b.a.(2). Col. Cimirem = Timirem
Chocorvo t Z.39. S130 W750 Peru 995 Cinaloa t D.3.a.C.(2).(a). N260 W1070301 Mex. 64
Chocren L.2.b. S270 W490 Br. 1667 Cingacuchusca f? Z.39. S40301 W75-60? Peru 928
Chogue = Choque
Cipacua t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Chol D.7.a.B.(1).(b).(B). N17020'-180 W91-920301 Mex.;
Ciparicoto = Caparicoto
Guate.? 212
Cipo Z.6.g. S5030' W65030' Br. 1359
Cholo H.11. N7040' W780 Pan. 351 Ciquayo = Ciguayo
CHOLOID D.7.a.B.(1).(b). Mex. Guate. Bel. Hond.
Ciribuy Z.2.b.a.(5). N8055 W70049' Ven. 408
Cholon t? Z.39. S8-100 W76-7? Peru 1006 Cituja = Situfa
Cholti t D.7.a.0.(1).(b).(B). N150 W890 Guate. COAHUILTECAN
250 E.l.c. Mex.
Cholto t Z.39. S70 W770 Peru 1000 COAHUILTECO E.l.c.B. Mex.
Choluteca t G.l.e.B.(1). N13030 W87040' Hond. 261
Coaiquer I.2.a.B.(l).(b). N1050' W77035' Col. 687
Chomane = Naguazi-Monchi
Coamo t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N180 W660 P.R. 360
CHON T. Arg. Chile
Coanao t J.3.a.e. Nll0 W73a Ven.; Col.? 416
Chongo = Huanca
Chono t Z.39. S43030'-480 W73-50 Chile 1809
Coano t D.3.a.1.(l).).(.(a).
Cobanipaque N21050'
t L.5.a.B. S210 W420 Br., W0410
1616 Mex. 113
Chonopi = Axluslay Cobeua = Cubeo
Chontal (Guerrero) t E.l.a.e.? N18a W100010' N17040'

Coca t D.3.a.g.(2).(f).? N210 W103030' Mex. 124
W99030' Mex. 168 Cocacanyu = Sioni
Chontal (Nicaragua) [I.l.b.] = Sumoan Cocaima Z.39. N7030' W67-90 Ven. 445
Chontal (Nicaragua) [I.i.c.] = Matagalpa
Cocama M.l.b.6.(l).(a).(y). S50 W740 Peru 935
Chontal (Oaxaca) = Tequistlateco COCAMA M.l.b.6.(l).(a). Br. Peru
Chontal (Tabasco) D.7.a.B.(l).(b).(a). N18030' W930 COCAMAN
Mex M.l.b.6.(l). Br. Peru
214
Cocamilla t? M.l.b.6.(1).(a).(a). S5030' W74030' S60
Chontaquiro K.3.d.B.(3). S11 W730 Peru 1066 W750 Peru 1032
Chonvugn t? L.9.c. S180 W410 Br. 1608 COCAN D.3.a.i.(2).(f). Mex.
Chonzo = Concho [Z.20.a.B.]
Cochaboth = Lengua [R.l.b.y.]
Chogue t? Z.39. N2a40' W73a Col. 697 Cochapampa t Z.39. S17-190 W66030' Bol. 1196
Chori = Siriono
Coche = Mocoa
Chorotega = Choluteca
Cochesquio = Chisquio
CHOROTEGAN G.l.e. Mex. Hond. Nic. C.R.
Cochimi t E.l;a.y.(2).(e). N28010'-300 W1130-116040'
Choroti R.l.a.B.(1). S220 W6lot Para.; S220 W62-30 Mex. 10
Para. Arg. 1708
COCHIMIAN E.l.a.y.(2).(e). Mex.
CHOROTI-AXLUSLAY R.l.a.B. Para. Arg.
Cochimi del Norte = Laymon
Chorti D.7.a.B.(1).(b).(B). N14040' W89015' Guate. Cochin t H.11. N19030' W103025' Mex. 138
Hond. 249
Cochipo Z.29.a.a.a.(7).? S160 W570? Br. 1220
Choua t? L.2.c.B.(2). S250 W520 Br. 1630
Coco t? I.l.b.y.(1).? N14-150 W84-50? Hond. Nic. 276
Chouaca t? L.2.c.B.(3). S250 W520 Br. 1630
Chuala = Echoaladi
Cocolot t? R.2.b.a.(1).(d). S250 W590? Arg. 1707
Chuchon = Chocho
Cocomacague t D.3.a.e.(1).(c). N29030 WO1100 Mex. 28
Cocon t Z.39. N100 W750? Col. 535
Chuchure t H.11. N9025 W79035 Pan. 348 Coconuco t I.2.c.B.(?) N3030 W770; N2 W76030'? Col.
679
COCONUCOAN I.2.c.p. Col. Coromocho t? Z.2.c.? N9030' W710 Ven. 408
Coronado [J.3.a.B.] = Bubure
Cocopa E.l.a.y.(2).(c). N32-30 W1150 Mex. U.S. 6
COCOPAN E.l.a.y.(2).(c). Mex. U.S. Coronado [J.3.d.p.(6).] = Patangoro
Cocora t I.2.a.B.(3). Nll0 W84030' Nic. 308 Coronado [L.2.c.6.] = Gualacho
Cocozu Z.30.a.a.(1). S130 W590 Br. 1231 Coronado t? M.3.a.a.(4). S30 W770 Peru; Ec.? 800
Coeruna t? M.2.c.B. Sl030' W720 Col. 738 Coronado [Z.39.] = Aguarico
Cofan t? Z.39. N10 -Slo W76-77030' Ec. 772 CORONADO M.3.a.a. Ec.
Cognomona t Z.39. S80 W76030' Peru 1023 CORONADOAN M.3.a. Ec.
Coiba = Cueva Coronda t Z.39. S320 W600 Arg. 1797

Colan t? Z.39. S50 W810 Peru 950 Coronudo = Bubure
Colastine t Z.39. S310 W610 Arg. 1786 Coropo t L.8. S210 W420 Br. 1615
Colaza t Z.39. N30201 W770? Col. 676 Coroua P.l.a.5. Nlo030 W69050'-70?05 Col. 713
Colima t? I.2.a.B.(1).(d). N10301 W76050'? Col. 691 Corrales t Z.39. N70301 W720301? Ven. 430
Colima t J.3.a.e.(1).(d). N5030' W74030' Col. 600 Correguaje P.2.b.a. No0 W75030' Col. 762
COLIMAN J.3.a.e.(1). Col. CORREGUAJE-TAMA P.2.b. Col.
Colla t? N.2. S150 W68-710 Peru Bol. 1123 Corrhue I.2.a.a.(3). N10030' W83030' C.R. 312
Collagua t? N.2. S150 W71o Peru 1122 Cosina t? K.l.b.a.(l).(a). N11020-35' W720-72045 Ven.
Collahuaya N.2. S140 W680 Bol. 1125 415
Colo Z.6.d.a.(3).? S70 W660 Br. 1356 Cospique t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Colorado I.2.a.p.(2).(a). S10 W800 Ec. 775 Costi = Cuati
Colorado t? Z.39. N8c W700? Ven. 438 Cotahuasi = Contisuyo

Colotlan t D.3.a.e.(2).(c).? N22010 W103 20 Mex. 119 Cotanera = Cotapampa
Comabo = Caxibo Cotapampa t Z.39. S13030 1 W720 Peru 1090
Comacor t? M.3.b.y.(7).? S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788 Cotitia = Uanana
Comanahua t? Z.39. S9 W760? Peru 1008 Coto t I.2.a.a.(13). N90201 W830 C.R. 328
Comanito t D.3.a.C.(2).(c).(B). N26030' W107030' Mex. Coto P.2.c. S30 W730 Peru 793
57 Cotogeho = Gotocogegodegi
Comayana t? Z.39. N3o W540301 Sur.; Fr.G.? 1394 Cotoname t E.l.c.B. N250301 W980301 Mex. 104
Comechingon t Z.37.a.t. S28-340 W62-700 Arg. 1783 Couryenne t? Z.39. N50 W530 Fr.G. 1401
COMECHINGON t Z.37.a. Arg. Covareca t Z.29.b.B.? S170 W600 Bol. 1177
COMECHINGONAN t Z.37. Arg. Coxoh = Chicomucelteco
Comechingon (Northern) = Henia Coyon t? Z.39. N80 W69030' Ven. 401

Comechingon (Southern) = Camiare Coyotin D.7.b.a.(1). N15010 W92015 ? Mex. 203
Comecrudo t E.I.c.B. N240451 W98010' Mex. 105 Cozarini K.4.b.y.(4). S14-50 W600 Br. 1225
Comobo t? Q.l.d.?.(3).(b). S1lo W740 Peru 1060 COZARINI K.4.b.y. Br.
Comopori t D.3.a.C.(2 .(d). N260251 W1090 Mex. 60 Cradaho = Gradaho
Conamesma = Sapuqui Craho L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(7y).i. S6030'-7030' W46-70t

CONCHAN D.3.a.. (3).(c). Mex. S8-90 W470 Br. 1521
Concho t D.3.a.C.(3).(c).(a).iii. N28-9030' W105030' Mex. L.l.a.a.(2). (b).(y). Br.
CRAHOAN
40 Crange = Crenge (Cajuapara)
Concho t? Z.20.a.3. S50 W770 Peru 942 Crao = Aricobe [L.l.b.p.(1).(a).(a).J
CONCHO D.3.a.C.(3).(c).(a). Mex. Creapimcatage L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(6). S40 W45030' Br. 15
Conchuco t Z.39. S90 W770 Peru 978 Crecmun t? L.9.b. S160 W410 Br. 1587
Conduri t? Z.39. S20 W56-70 Br. 909 Crenac = Chonvugn
Congore Z.30.a.a.(3). S130 W580 Br. 1232 Crenge (Bacabal) L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(p). S3030' W450
Coni = Yuracare S3030 -50 W450t Br. 1511
Conibo Q.l.a.a.(1). S90 W740301 Peru Crenge
1044 (Cajuapara) t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(E). S4-50 W46-70
CONIBOAN Q.l.a.a. Peru Br. 1516
Conicari t D.3.a.C.(2).(b).(p). N27010' W1090 Mex. 45 Crepumcateye = Creapimcatage
Contanaua Q.1.f.g. S90 W720 Br. 1307 Cricatage L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(C). S50 W460 Br. 1515
Contisuyo t Z.39. S14030' W73030 Peru 1092 Cricati = Cricatage
Copallen t Z.39. S60 W780 Peru 995 Crichana Z.39. N20 W620 Br. 867
Copatasa Z.9.a.y.(2). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Crisca = Chavante [L.l.b.a.(2).]
Copuce t H.11. N21-20 W1000301-1010301 Mex. 88 Cruatire L.l.a.S.(1).(i). S90 W520 Br. 1441
Cora D.3.a. .(l).(a).(a). N220 W1050 Mex. 115 Crutria t Z.39. S130 W620 Br. 1262
Cora t E.l.d.a.(5(. N24-5030 1 W111030 Mex. 16 Cu t I.l.b.6. N140401 W840? Nic.; Hond.? 281
CORA D.3.a.r.(1).(a). Mex. Cuachichil = Guachichil
CORAN D.3.a.g.(1). Mex. Cuacua = Quaqua

Coraveca t Z.29.b.6.(1).? S170 W600 S180 W600 Bol.
Cuaga 1194t J.l.a.(.(ll).(b). N9030' W640 Ven. 377
CORAVECAN t Z.29.b.6. Bol. Cuati K.2.f.a.(4). N1030' W680-68040' Br.; Col.? 637
Corbago t Z.39. N7030' W73030 Col. 591 Cuauhcomeca t H.10. N170301 W1030151 Mex. 156
Core t? J.l.a.B.(10). N90 W640 Ven. 376Cubanacan t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N220 w780 Cuba 354
Corea = Arapaso Cubenepre M.l.b.7.(1).(h).(a). S50 W500 Br. 1479
Corema t Z.39. S70 W:80 Br. 1551 Cubeo P.l.a.j. N1o0-1o20' W69015-45 Col. Br. 716
Coricocox = Caricocox CUBEUAN P.l.a. Col. Br.
Coritanaho t? Z.39. 0 W570? Br. 906 Cucalaya t? I.l.d. N140 W840? Nic. 284
Cornapacua t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535 Cucarate t? Z.28.a.B.(1). S190301 W590 Bol. Para. 1209
Coroa [L.l.a.p.(1).(d).] = Caiapo (Norte) Cucharete t H.11. N19045 1 W1040351? Mex. 133
Coroa [P.l.a.] = Coroua Cuchi = Yuracare
Coroa Z.29.a.a.(6).? S160 W570? Br. 1220 Cuchitineri = Cujisenajeri

Coroado [L.2.a.] = Caingang Cuciba t K.l.a.B.(2).(a). N210 W76040' Cuba 354
Coroado [L.2.a.B.] = Caingang (Parana) Cuciguia Z.4.a.y.(2). S150 W620 Bol. 1176
Coroado [L.5.] = Purian Cucoecamecra L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(y). S40 W450 Br. 1510
Coroado t? L.5.a.e. 3220 W420 Br. 1616
Coroado [Z.29.a.a.] = 3Bororo
Cucra t I.l.b.a. N11055'-120 W840 N12010' W830 Nic. -23
Cucupa = Cocopa
Coroado [Z.29.a.a..(1).] = Orarimugudoge Cucura t Z.39. S200 W540 Br. 1640
COROADO L.5.a. Br. Cucurare = Cucarate
Corobici = Guatuso Cucuta t Z.39. N7030 W72030 Ven.? Col. 431
Coroino = Morotoco [Z.28.a.B.] Cucutade = Cucarate
Corome t J.3.b.y.(3).(c). N60 W760? Col. 564 Cueretu P.l.e.a. S10 W700-70030 Col.; S1030 W
Br. 729
Curucaneca
Cueva t I.2.a.B.(4).(a). N90 W800 Pan. t Z.29.b.E.
347 S170 W600 Bol. 1179
Cuianaua Q.1.c.6.(2). S70 W740 Br. 1320
Curucicuri = Curuzicari
CUIANAUAN Q.1.c.6. Br. Curucuru = Paumari
Curuminaca t Z.29.b.y. S160 W60-20 Bol. 1180

Cuiba t? Z.8.c.B.? N9020-501 W690251 Ven. 402
Cuiba Z.18.a.B.(3). N70 w680 Ven.; Col.? 620Curungua M.l.a.p.(l).(c).(6). S170 W650? Bol. 1158
CUIBA Z.18.a.B. Ven.; Col.? Curupite L.l.a.B.(l).(e). 380 W500? Br. 1474
Cuica Z.2.a.a. N90351 W70030 Ven. 407 Cururi t Z.39. 2030o' W43030' Br. 1502
CUICAN Z.2.a. Ven.
Curuzicari t? M.l.b.6.(2).(a).(B). S30 W650 Br. 849
Cuicateco G.2.b. N17045 W96055' Mex. Curvati
191 Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408
CUICA-TIMOTE Z.2. Ven. Cussari t? M.l.b.~.(7).? N10 W520 N1030' W53030't
CUICA-TIMOTE (UNCLASSIFIED) Z.2.c. Ven. Br. 1428
Cuicutl = Guicuru Custenau K.4.e.y. S120201 W540 Br. 1462
Cuijana = Cujuna Custumi t? Z.39. N30 W520 Fr.G.; Br.? 1424
Cuilapa G.2.a. N170 W96045' Mex. 180 Cutacho t L.3.b.a. S140 W420 Br. 1575
Cuiloto t? Z.39. N70 W680? Ven. 452 CUTACHOAN L.3.b. Br.
Cuisco t Z.39. NT30' W76030'? Col. 557 Cutervo = (?) Huambo

Cutiadiapa 0.5.b. S40 W68030' Br. 1347
Cuite t Z.39. N7020-30' W71055'-72010' Ven. 430
Cuitlateco t H.2. N18010' W1000301 Mex. 161 Cutiana Z.26.c.B. S120 W640? Br. 1277
Cuiva = Cuiba [Z.18.a.p.(3).] Cutiba t J.3.d.6.(2). N40 W760? Col. 654
Cuixtlahuac G.2.a. N170451 W970151 Mex. 180 Cutinana K.3.b.a. S100 W720 Br. 1297
Cujigeneri = Cujisenajeri Cutinana t? Z.22.b. S50 W750 Peru 936
Cujisenajeri K.3.b.y. S9030' W710 Br. 1301 CUTINANAN K.3.b. Br.
Cuuna Z.26.b. S120 W63030' Br. 1273 Cuyo = Chilque
Culina Z.6.b.a.? S70 WT00 Br. 1327 Cuyumateca t H.11. N170201 W1000301? Mex. 162
CULINAN Z.6.b. Br.
Cuyuteca t H.10. N20035 W104?0301 Mex. 127
Culinha Z.6.b.6.? S90 W710 Br. 1302 Cuzco N.l.b.a.(2). S130 W720 Peru 1085
Culino t Q.l.b. S40201 W690 Br. 1345 Cuzco [N.l.e.] = Quechua (Argentino)
Culino [Z.6.b.a.] = Culina CUZCOAN N.l.b.a. Peru
Culino Z.6.b.E.? S70 W670 S70 W680t Br. 1336 Dabeibe t J.3.b.a.(l).(a). (p).? N7020' W770
Culle t? Z.39. S80 W770? Peru 1003 Dachsea = Tucano
Cumana Z.26.c.a. S120 W640 Br. 1276 Dallus = Mayoruna
Cumanacho t L.4.b. S160 W410 Br. 1584 Datuana P.l.f.. S35 W70ool0-45' Col. 734
Cumanagoto t J.l.a.. (2). Nll0 W63-50 Ven. 374
Dauri = Atorai
CUMANAN Z.26.c. Br. Dazaro t? Z.39. N80 W690? Ven. 440

Cumata = Ipeca Decuana J.l.b.p.(l).(d). N4030' W66-70 Ven. 467
Cumayena J.l.c.a.(10). N30 W570 Sur. 517 Deguaca = 0a
Cumbaraja = Chirino Depso I.2.a.a.(14).? N9030' W820406? Pan. 331
Cumbaza t Z.39. (replaced by Setebo?) S6030' W760Derunei
Peru K.2.f.a.(l).(j). N10 W67020 Br. 840
1017
Desaguadero t D.3.a.n. (2).(a). (a).iii. N100 05T W83050I
Cuna I.2.a.p.(4).(b). N9010 W78-90 Pan. 349 C.R. 311
Cunaguasata ~J...aa.(2).(h). N90-9030' W72030-50' Ven. Dessana P.l.d.a. S5 -N30' W690 Br. 828
422 DESSANAN P.l.d. Br. Col.
CUNAN I.2.a.. (4). Pan. Diabu t? Z.39. S80 W740? Peru 1045
Cunana Z.23.a.y. S15-170 w670 Bol. 1166 Diaguita t Z.35.c.? S24-320 W65-700 Chile Arg.;
Cuncho S.2.c. S40-420 W730 Chile 1766 S310 W610 Arg. 1762
Cunco = Huilliche Diau J.l.c.a.(6). N20 W570 Br.G. 900
CUNDINAMARCAN I.2.d.a. Col. Didu t E.l.d.a.(3). N26-80 W112-150 Mex. 11
Dieguenyo E.l.a.y.(2).(d). N32-30 W116-170 Mex. 1
Cuneguara t J.l.a.. (8). N100 w630? Ven. 375
Cuniba t K.3.b.p.? S60 W690 Br. 1337
Cuniba [Q.l.a.a.(l).] = Conibo Diria t G.l.e.g.(2).
Diviche S.3.b. S350 N11050' W86010'
W67-90 Arg. 1773 Nic. 301
Cunibo [K.3.b..1] = Cuniba Divihet = Diviche
Cunimia Z.18.c.a. N4030' W68030'? Col. 624 Doa P.l.c.P.(3). S25' W69030 ? Col.; Br.? 721
CUNIMIAN Z.18.c. Col. Dobocubi = Cunaguasata
Cunuana J.l.b.p.(l).(e). N3040' W660 Ven. 466 Dochkafuara = Tuyuca
Cunuri = Conduri Dohema = Eudeve
Cunza = Atacama Dolega t I.2.b.a.(7). N8050 W82020 1 Pan. 337

Cupelobo = Cuperob DORASCAN I.2ib.a.(7). Pan.
Cuperob M.l.b.-y.(1).(h).(p). S50 W500 Br. 1478 Dorasco t I.2.b.a.(7). N8050 W82020I Pan. 3
CUPEROBAN M.l.b.y.(l).(h). Br. Dorasque = Dorasco
Cuprigueri t? Z.39. N8030' W720 Ven. 427 Dorin t? L.2.d. S260 W530 Br. 1662
Curacirari = Curuzicari Doyma t J.3.d.p.(5).? N50 W750 Col. 587
Curanda t? Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407 Ducaiya = Ocaina
Curaray M.3.c.P. S2030' W760? Peru; Ec.? 752 Dudu t? I.l.b.6. N14040 W840? Nic. 280
Curasicana J.1.b.p.(2).(a). N60 W670 Ven. 470 Duit t I.2.d.a.(2). N60 W730 Col. 605
Curaso = Guaranyoca Dule t I.l.c.? N140101 W870101 Hond. 256
Curaua = Yohoroa Duludi L.l.a.p.(l).(k). S30 W530? Br. 1436
CURAUAN P.l.b.a.(2). Col. Br. Duniberrenai Z.39. N40 w690? Ven. Col. 458
Duri
Curave t Z.29.b.6.(2).? S17030' W59-60030' Bol. 1193Z.2.a.6.(5). N90 W700501 Ven. 407
Curcucuan Z.39. N2?30 W520 Br. 1419 Duy I.2.b.a.(10). N90 W82030' Pan. 335
Curia Z.6.b.B.? S90 W710 Br. 1309 Dzaui K.2.f.a.(l).(f). N10 W670? Br. 840
Curiana Z.6.b.y.? S9030' W710? Br. 1309 Dzaze = Piapoco
Curibeo = Conibo Dzubucua t Z.33.a.y. S80 W400 Br. 1564
Curina [Q.l.b.] = Culino Ebidoso Z.28.b.a.(1). S210 W580 Para. 1690
Curina [ Z. 6.b. E. ] = Culino Echenoana = Echoaladi
Curipa t J.3.a.E.(1).(c). N5?30' W74?30'? Col. 600 Echoaladi

Curizeta t? Z.39. S20 W770? Ec. 786
t? K.4.d.a.(3). S210 W590t S26011' W56
Iara. 1694
Curo Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Echoja Z.7.f.E. S13-150 W690 Peru Bol. 1077
Curuaia t? M.1.b.y.(3).(c).(B). S40 W560t S6030' Ecusgina = Abipon
Edu t E.1.d.a.(2). N26-26030 Wl111020 -1120 Mex. 12

W55-60t?
CURUAIAN S6 30Br.
M.1.b.y.(3).(c). -8 50 W55-60t? Br. 137
Emerillon M.1.b.B.(5). N40 W540 Fr.G. 1l3
Empelota = Tsiracua Gotocogegodegi t R.2.a.B.(4). 2210 W560 Br. 1680
Empera J.3.b.a.(l).(a). N6? W770 Col. 567 Gradaho L.l.a.B.(l).(c). 80a W510? Br. 1476
EMPERAN J.3.b.a.(l).(a). Col. Gritones = Sinabo [Q.3.a.6.]
Empiu t Z.39. S240 W580 Para. 1746 Guaca t J.3.b.y.(2).(e). N6030' W76? Col. 559
Encabellado P.2.a.a.(2). S20 W730 Col.; Sl W760 Guacanahua Z.7.f.a. S14? W68-90 Bol. 1134
Peru; Ec.? 753
Guacara Z.39. 0 W59?30't S2? W570 Br. 885
ENCABELLADO P.2.a.a. Ec. Col.
Guacara t Z.39. S270 W63030' Arg. 1757
Enenslet Z.27.a.p. S22a301 W58 Para. 1700 t Z.39. N180 W73-40 Haiti 362
Guaccaiarima
Enete = Yuracare Guachichil t D.3.a.n.(l).(b). N23-50 W101? Mex. 94
Enimaca R.l.b.a. S240 W58 301 Para. 1744
Guachicon t? Z.39. N2?301 W770301 Col. 667
Enimaga = Enimaca Guachi (Vaccaria) = Opale
Eno t P.2.d. S3? W73 ? Peru 793 Guaciguaje t? P.2.a.a.(6). 0 W750 Col. 756
Enoo t Z.38.b. S53 30' W72 30' Chile 1814 Guacurure = Pilaga
Enslet = Lengua [Z.27.c.] Guacuseco t Z.39. N7?301 W76?30'? Col. 557
Eochavante = Oti
Guagua J.l.c.B.(l).(d). N30' W70? Col. 707
Eperigua t? K.l.b.y.(2). N3I301 W73a Guagua
Col. 648 t J.3.d.B.(3). N50 W750 Col. 587
Epetineri Q.l.c.y.(2). S10301 W730301Guagua
Peru 1064 = (?) Quaqua
[Z.16.b.a.(3).]
Epined = Puinave GUAHARIBAN Z.15.a. Ven. Br.
Equeco = Cuzco [N.1.b.a.(2).] Guaharibo Z.15.a.y.? N30 W650 Ven. Br. 495
Equiniquinao K.4.d.a.(4). S19 30 W58-90t Bol. Para.; GUAHIBAN Z.18. Col. Ven.
S19-19030' W57 30' Br. 1210 Guahibo Z.18.a.6. N70 W680 Ven.; N50501-6015' W680
Erulia P.l.h. S25 W70?15-30 Col. 735 10-45I N5? w69? N4 301 W70 301 Col. 621
Escaguey Z.2.b.B.(15). N8V35'W710'10 Ven. 408 GUAHIBO Z.18.a. Col. Ven.
Escaguey [Z.2.b.6.] = Mocotoan Guaiana t L.2.c.B.(4). S240 W540 (Ingain); 2250 W550
Escaguey Z.2.b.6.(1). N8?40' W7040' Ven. 408 S260 W530 Br. 1630
Escoria t? I.2.b.a.(10). N8a W80a40' Pan. 342 GUAIANAN L.2.c.B. Br.
Escuque Z.2.a.y.(1). N9 20 W70050' Ven. 407Guaiapi t? M.1.b.B.(4). N30' W520 S10 W52030' Br.
ESCUQUEAN Z.2.a.y. Ven. Guaiaru t? Z.39. S140 W61030' Br. 1228
Esmeralda t Z.39. Nl 30' W79030 Ec.; Col.?Guaica
767 = Uaica [Z.15.a.pB.
Guaicari K.l.b.B.(1).(b). N90 W690 Ven. 439
Esnijaque Z.2.a.6.(2).? N9 5' W7055' Ven. 407
Espino Q.l.f.?. S10 W72 0 Br. 1296 Guaicuru = Guaycura
ESSELEN-YUMAN E.l.a.y. Mex. U.S. Guaigua = Guahibo
Estanques Z.2.b. .(13). N8025' w7140' Ven. Guaimaro
408 t K.1.a.B.(2).(a). N21010 W770 Cuba 354
Estiguate Z.2.a.y.(4).(e). N915' 170a40' Ven. 407 Guaimaro Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408
Estlteque Z.2.c.? N90 W71 ? Ven. 407 Guainare = Guaniare
Estrella t? I.2.a.a.(4). N9a30C W84a C.R. 123

Guaipunave Z.19.a.B. N2?301 W69-710 Col. 64
Etagi t? J.2.b.B.8. S.13 0 W53030 ? Br. 1448 Guaiqueri Z.14.c.? N8015 -10?251 W67050 -680
Etelena = Tereno 385
Eten Z.3.a..(3).? S 7050' w79a Peru 956 Guaitaca t Z.34.e. S210 W41-20 Br. 1613
Etla G.4.a. N17 15' W96a45' Mex. 188 GUAITACAN Z.34. Br.
Etuet t Z.39. S180 W42a? Br. 1610 Guaja M.l.b.y.(1).(e).(y). S40 W460301 Br. 1495
Eudeve t D.3.a.C.(3).(a).(p). N280 W109a Mex. 43 Guajajara M.l.b.y.(1).(e).(a). S2?30' W45030't S3? W450t
Evejico t J.3.b.a.(3).(d). N6 30' W77a Col. 558 S3-50 W460 Br. 1499
Eyibogodegi t R.2.a.B.(3).? S210 W570 Br. 1681 Guajeju t Z.39. S130 W610 Br. 1253
Ezeshio = Monchoco Guajiquiro = Guaxiquero
Fabrie = Jabue
Guajiro K.l.b.a.(l).(d). N11040'-12?30' W71010 -73?
Fabue = Jabue Ven. 520
Fincenu t Z.39. N8a W77? Col. 547 GUAJIRO K.l.b.a.(1). Col. Ven.
Fitita M.2.b.y.(1).(b). S1a W730? Col. 747 GUAJIROAN K.l.b.a. Col. Ven.
Flores D.7.a.p.(1).(a). (). N16a55' W89 50 Guate. 235 Gualaca t I.2.b.a. (9) . N8050 W820201? Pan
Fornio = Fulnio
Frentones [R.2.b.c.(1).(i).] = Toba Gualachi

1664 t L.2.c.6.(1). S25030' W510 $25-7 0
Frentones [R.2.b.B.(1).] = Abipon GUALACHO L.2.c.6. Br.
Frentones [R.2.b.B.(2).] = Mocovi Guali t J.3.d.y.(2). N40 W750? Col. 583

FRENTONES R.2.b. Arg. Para. Bol. Guallingo t Z.13.a.? S20 W780 Ec. 784
Fulnio t? Z.39. S9 W37 0 Br. 1557 Guallpayo t? M.3.b.a.(1). S30 W760 Peru 799
Funucuna J.3.b.a.(1).(a).(a). N6a W77a Col. 566 Guama = (?) Guamo
Gae t M,3.b..p. S22 W77 Ec. 785 Guamaca t? I.2.d.B.(3). N110 W730 Col. 522
Galibi J.l.a.B.(1).(c). N5-60 W53-40 Fr.G. 1400 Guamaca J.3.a.-y.(l).(e). N9?30 -10020' W71010-20' Ven.
Gamela t 2.39. S3-5 W44-50 Br. 1504 406
Garanhun t Z.39. S9 W36 0 Br. 1556
Guamahaya t K.l.a.B.(2).(a). N220 W80?301 Cuba 354
Garipon t? Z.39. N3 0 W530 Fr.G. 1409 Guamalca [z.5.b.B.(1).] = Yooc
Gavioes = Augutge Guamalca t Z.5.b.K. S240 W620 Arg. 1738
Gayon t? Z.8.a. N9?40 -10020' W69020'-70 10' Ven. 403
Guamar t H.11. N21-20 W100?301-0100301 Mex. 87
GE L.1. Br. Guambacho = Nepenya
QE (CENTRAL) L.l.b. Br. Guambia [I.2.c.B.(3).] = Moguex
Gecoinlahaac = Lengua [Z.27.c. Guambia t Z.39. N40 W76020' Col. 663
Gennaken = Puelche [Z.39.1 Guambiano = Moguex
GE(NORTHWEST) L.l.a. Br. Guamo Z.39. N80 W67-90 Ven. 442
Gimbuxegual K.l.b.a.(l). (c). NN12 W730? Col. 520 Guamontey Z.39. N80 W660 N80 w670 Ven. 384
Giporoc t L.9.g.a. S16a W41? Br. 1585 Guamza t Z.39. N2301 W770? Col. 669
Gobuxegual K.l.b.a.(l).(b). N12a W730? Col. 520 Guana [K.4.d.a.(1).] = Layana
Gogue = Guegue Guana K.4.d.a.(5). S180 W510 Br.; S200 W560 S210 W560
Gola t L.l.b.a.(4). S16 0 W50 0 Br. 1627 S230 W560 Para. 1638
Goiataca = Guaitaca Guana [R.l.b.] = Maca
Gorgotoqui t? Z.39. S18a W62a Bol. 1175 Guana [Z.27.b.] = Casquiha
Guana [Z.39.] = (?) Naperu
Gorotire L.l.a.B.(1).(b). S7a W51301 t S8? W50 30 t
S8a W520 Br. 1440 Guanabo t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N18301 W65050 P.R. 360
Gorron t J.3.c.a. N4 W76 30, Col. 657 Guanaca = Guanaco
Gotane t I.2.a.B.(3). N10a30 W84a50 ? C.R. 316

GUATUSOAN I.2.a.B.(3). C.R. Nic.
Guanacahibe t Z.39. N220 W84?30' Cuba 352
Guanacanahua = Guacanahua
Guaxabane t H.11. N21-20 W100?301-101030' Mex. 86
Guanaco t I.2.c.B.(5). N20 W760 Col. 682 Guaxara = Guaja
Guanao = Coanao Guaxarapo = Guatchi
Guanape = Viru Guaxenico = Guanexico
Guanare t Z.39. S4030' W430 Br. 1507 Guaxiquero H.7. N14010 W870451 Hond. 258
Guanda t? Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407 Guayana t? M.1.a.a.(2).(e). S260 W540301 Par
Guayano t? Z.39. N70 W62030' Ven. 500
Guanebucan
Guane t? N60
t? Z.39. K.1.b.a.(2).
W730300 N120 W730
Col.598 . Col. 521
Guanexico t I.l.b.a. N130 W870 Hond. Nic. 270 Guayaqui M.l.a.a.(4). S25-6030' W55?30 Para.
Guayavero Z.18.c.B. N40301 W68045'? Col. 62
Guaniare t K.2.d.a.(2). N50 w650 Ven. 484 Guaycura t E.l.d.a.(1). N24030' W11a130' Mex
Guaniguanico t Z.39. N220 W82030'-840 Cuba 352 GUAYCURA E.1.d.a. Mex.
Guanioa t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N180 W670 P.R. 360 GUAYCURAN E.l.d. Mex.

Guapi t Z.39. N20 W780? Col. 687 Guaycuru = Mbaya
Guaque J.l.c.. (1).(b). N1o W740 Col. 761 GUAYCURUAN R.2. Arg. Para. Br. Bol.
Guaque Z.2.b.B.(5). N8030 W71025' Ven. 408 Guaycuruan (Middle) = Toban
Guaracalo t M.l.b.a.(2).(d). S250 W490? Br. 1631 Guaycuruan (Northern) = Mbaya
Guarambare t? M.l.a.a.(l).(f). S230 W560 Br. 1673 GUAYCURUAN (SOUTH) R.2.b.B. Arg.
Guaramito t Z.39. N7?30a W72030' Ven. 430 Guaygata t K.l.a.. (2).(b). N18020' w760 Jam. 356
Guaramoca = Guaranyoca Guayma t E.1.a.6.(5). N280 W1120 Mex. 22
Guaranahua = Guacanahua Guaymi = Chibchan (Isthmian)
Guarani M.l.a.a.(l).(a). S20? W53?t 322 W49 0= S23-40
Guayuno Paria [J.1.a.B.(4).]
Guayupe
W50? Br.; S230 W54-60 Br.; Para.?; S260 t? K.l.b.-y.(1). N40 W73? Col. 649
W52030'
GUAYUPEAN K.l.b.y. Col.
S23-5? W50-530301t Br.; S25-300 W47-50?t Br.;
S260 W50-60t Br. Para. Arg. (Carijo); Guazquia
S270 W510t
t J.3.d.y.(1). N40 W75?? Col. 583
Br.; S28-9? W54-60t Br. Arg. 1632 Guazu R.2.b.a.(l).(a). S25? W590? Arg. 1707
GUARANI M.l.a.a.(1). Br. Para.
Guazuzu t J.3.b.6. N7?30' W76? Col. 554
GUARANIAN M.l.a. Br. Para. Bol. Arg. Guegue L.1.b.B.(2). SlO W46 0 Br. 1531
GUARANIAN (ARAGUAIA) M.l.a.y. Br. Guelmambi t Z.39. N2a W78a? Col. 687
GUARANIAN (BOLIVIAN) M.l.a.B. Bol. Br. Arg. Guenoa = Charrua
GUARANIAN (PARANA) M.l.a.a. Br. Para.

Guentuse t? R.l.b.B. S23?30' W60?301 Arg.; S240
Guaranyoca Z.28.a.-y.(3). S19? W59? Bol. 1208 Para. 1727
GUARANYOCAN Z.28.a.y. Bol.
Gueren t L.9.d. S12-14? W400 Br. 1570
Guarapiche = Chayma
Guetar= Guetiadegodi
Guarague t Z.2.b.6.(12).(a). N8015' W71 50' Ven. 408
Guetiadebo t I.2.a.a.(1). N100301 W84?3OTC.R. 31
Guarategaja Z.39. S13? W62 0 Br. 1254 Guetiadegodi t R.2.a.a.(2). S20 30' W580? Para. Br. 1682
Guarau Z.14.d. N7-10 0 W60-3 0 Ven. 369 Guicuru J.2.b.B.(1). S120 W530 Br. 1464
GUARAUAN Z.14. Ven. Guimara = Uaiumare
Guarayo [Z.7.f.-.] = Guacanahua
Guinao K.2.d.a.(1). N4a W64-5? Ven. 488
Guarayo [Z.25.a.a.] = Chapacura GUINAOAN K.2.d.a. Ven.
Guarayo [Z.25.a.y.(1).] = More
Guarayo [Z.25.a.-y.(2).] = Itoreauhip Guire t? Z.39. N8?30' W66030' Ven. 382
Guirineri t? Z.39. Sl 0 W731? Peru 1062
Guarayo [Z.39.] = (?) Guayaru Guisar = Huichol
Guarayu M.1.a.B.(1).(b).(B).ix. S15-160 W63-40 Bol. Guisnay R.l.a.a.(l).(a). S23-4 W61-20 Para.; Arg.?
1163 1725
GUARAYU M.1.a.B.(1).(b).(B). Bol.
Gulgaissen R.2.b.B.(l).(c). S28030' W59301? Arg. 1755
GUARAYUAN M.l.a.B. (1).(b). Bol. Gurupy L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(a).i. S2 30' W47 0 Br. 1496
Guarayu-Ta = Pauserna
Gutucrac t? L.9.e.a. S19? W420 Br. 1611
Guariba = Nadobo
GUTUCRACAN L.9.e. Br.
Guarico t? Z.39. N80-90 W66030'-670 Ven. 383
Haaunyeiri = Yamiaca
Guarijia = Varohio
Habitoa t? Z.11.a.B.? S30 W760 Peru 796
Guarine = Palenque [J.1.a.B.(3).] Hagueti = Caxibo
Guarino t J.3.d.B.(2).? N5? W75? Col. 587 Hahahay Z.39. S17 30' W430 Br. 1598
Guarionex t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N18030' W67 30' P.R. 360 Hahanana P.l.a.B. Nla W71l? Col. 701
Guaripa Z.19.a.a. (2). N3? W69? Col. 633 Halyikwamai = Kikima
Guariza t Z.7.d. S15? W67a? Bol. 1142 Hanamana t K.1.a.. (2).(a). N220 W819 Cuba 354
Guaro = Yauyo
Haux T.2.a. S54030' W660 Arg. 1819
Guaruguadu t? Z.39. N5a W64030' Ven. 485 Havana t Z.39. N22230 W81 30' Cuba 352
He =
Guaruni Z.2.b.B.(25). N8?25-35' W71?40-5' Ven. 408 Tupian (Araguaia)
Guaruri = Guaruni Hecaine = Alacaluf
Guasaga t? M.3.b.a.(2). S4? W760 PeruHehenawa 925 = Hahanana

Guasapar t D.3.a.C.(2).(e). N27030' W108 15 Mex.
Henia t Z.39.52S32 0 W650? Arg. 1784
Guasave t D.3.a.C.(2).(d). N24020'-2620' W107-9 0 Mex.
Herisabocono t Z.25.c.B. S14?551 W65010'? Bol.
70
Het t Z.39. S380 W60-2? Arg. 1801
GUASAVEAN D.3.a.C.(2).(d). Mex.
Heura t? Z.39. Sl 0 W57?? Br. 907
Heve = Eudeve
Guasimo t Z.39. N7?30' W72030' Ven. 430
Guaspate t Z.39. N10 W75? Col. 535 Hewadie = Catauixi
Guasu t Z.34.c. S21? W420? Br. 1613

Guatahiguala = Maribichicoa Hianacoto J.l.c.B.(l).(a). N40' W70?30'-71?
Hibito t? Z.39. S7?301 W7630 1 Peru 1001
Guatajiagua t H.7. N13351 W88015' Salv. Hichachapa
258 = Coronado [M.3.a.a.(4).]
Guatajigiala = Maribichicoa
Himeri t D.3.a.e.(1).(a).((y). N310 W1120 Mex. 25
Guatata t Z.39. S250 W580? Para. 1748
Hine t D.3.a.(.(2).(g). N240 W1050 Mex. 78
Guatchi t Z.39. S190301 W570 Br. 1213
Guatequimame = Guatinicamame
Hio t D.3.a.(.(2).(e). N27035' W108?40'? Mex. 50
Hipo = Ipa
Guatica t J.3.b.6. N5301 w760 Col. 572 Hobacana P.1.c.c.(2). S5 -N1l W65030 Br. 846
Guatijigua = Guatajiagua HOBACANAN P.l.c.c. Col. Br.
Guatinguapa t? Z.39. S100 W77? Peru 1012 Hohoma = Mahoma
Guatinicamame t G.l.c. N17 30 W96 Mex. 193 HOKALTECAN E.1. U.S. Mex. Nic. Salv.
Guato t? Z.39. S18? W57? Br.; S19? W58? Bol. 1212 HOKAN E.1.a. U.S. Mex.
Guatuso I.2.a.B.(3). N10-110 W850 C.R. 307 Hokan-Coahuiltecan = Hokaltecan
HOKAN-SIOUAN E. U.S. Mex. Nic. Salv. Ibiraiara = Caiapo (Norte)
Ibiraya = Zatienyo
Holona P.l.a.a. N10?35 W7005-30' Col. 711
Holoua = (?) Holona Ibonama = Bonama
Hondiapa 0.10.c. S70 W720 Br. 1324 Ica t E.l.d.a.(6). N24-60 W11ll0-120? Mex. 15
Horthi = Musuraqui Ica I.2.d.p.(6). N100 W740 Col. 525
Horio Z.28.b.a.(2). S20030' W58030' Para. 1689 Ica t 2.39. S140 W760 Peru 975
HOTI L.l.a.a.(2). Br. Icaguate = Encabellado
HOTI (GURUPY) L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(a) . Br Icaiche D.7.a.B.(l).(a).(a). N1805' W8905' Mex. 224
HOTI (NORTHERN) L.l.a.a.(2).(a). Br. Ichocomohor t? M.3.b.y.(4). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788
HOTI (SOUTHERN) L.l.a.a.(2).(b). Br. Ichu Z.39. S20 W600 Br. 874
Huachi = Chapacura Ichu t Z.39. 270 W400 Br. 1550
Huachipairi K.3.d.C. S140 W720 Peru 1081 Ico t Z.39. S60301 W380 Br. 1547
Huacho = Huaura Idiama Z.7.e.E.(1). S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Huacrachuco t Z.39. S90 W760 Peru 1004 Iricuene-Caimito M.2.a.e.? S10 W740? Col. 751
Huahmi G.3. N17025, W96051 Mex. 192 Igneri t? K.l.a.a.(l). N10030' W6140' Trin.; Nll10 W61030
Hualaquisa Z.9.a.e.(l). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Tob. 366
Hualla = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.] Iguino Z.2.c. N8030' W7130'? Ven. 408
Huamachuco t Z.39. S90 W780 Peru 977 Ihuruana J.l.b.p.(l).(c). N40 W650 Ven. 494
Huamali t Z.39. Sloo W760 Peru 1005 Ikomagi = Xinca
Huambiza Z.9.a.B.(1). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Ilinga = Culle

HUAMBIZAN Z.9.a.B. Ec.; Peru? Imaca t? Z.39. S230 W620 Arg. 1728
Imbore = Aimbore
Huambo t Z.39. S70301 W780301 Peru 975
Immunda t Z.13.b.? S20 W780 Ec. 784
Huampoya Z.9.a.-y.(5). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
Huanayo Z.7.7f.. S13-150 W690 Peru Bol. 1077Imono t Z.28.b.B. 2200 W580? Para. 1683
Impenitari = Epetineri
Huanca [Z.39.] [$7-80 W780] = Chachapoya Inamari 2.39. S110 W720 Peru 1072
Huanca t Z.39. S120 W750 Peru 989
Huancapampa t Z.39. S60 W790 Peru 974 Inao = Guinao
Huancavilca t Z.3.b.e. S20 W810 Ec. 778 Inapari K.3.c.6. S120 W690 Br. 1292
Huanuco N.l.a.y. S100 30' W780 Peru 982 Inaguen T.l.c. S45-500 W65-700 Arg. 1808
Huanuco t Z.39. S10030' W780 Peru 982 Inca = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).]
Huarco t Z.39. S130501 W760301 Peru 970 Indama t Z.37.c. S300 W650? Arg. 1783
Huari Z.39. S130 W610 Br. 1253 Indanza Z.9.a.a.(2). S50 W780 Peru 921
Inemodicama t? Z.39. S20 W770? Ec. 787
Huarmey t Z.39. S100201 W78?10 Peru 962
Huaro = Yauyo Inga = Ingano
Huaroc = Cuzco [N.1.b.a.(2).] Ingahyba = Nhengahiba
HUARPEAN Z.36. Arg. Ingain = Guaiana [L.2.c.p.]
Huarpe (Mendoza) = Millcayac Ingano N.l.g. N20300 W760 Col.; Ec.? 684
Huarpe (Puntano) t 2.36.c. S330 W670? Arg. 1780 Ingarico J.l.b.a.(7). N5030' 600 Br.G. 506
Huarpe (San Juan) = Allentiac Inhamum t Z.39. S60 W400 Br. 1545
Huasabane t? I.l.b.y.(l). N140201 W830581? Nic. 275 Insnumbi t Z.2.b.B.(12). N8020' W71032' Ven. 408
HUASTEC D.7.a.a.(l). Mex. Intibucat t H.7. N14020' W88025' Hond. 258
HUASTECAN D.7.a.a. Mex. Inubu Q.l.a.a.(3).(a).(y). S6030' W750? Peru 1040
Inuvagueu Q.l.d.a.(2). S80 W720? Br. 1311
Huasteco (Potosino) D.7.a.a.(1).(a). N210201-220
W98030 -990 10 Mex. 154 Inyeri = Igneri
Huasteco (Veracruzano) D.7.a.a.(1).(b). N21-20
Inyuru = Zapa
W97030 -98030' Mex. 155 Ipa t Z.5.b.?. S240 W630? Arg. 1738
Huatana t Z.39. S60301 W770 Peru 1016
Huatsahuana t? Z.39. S100 W770? Peru 1012 Ipapana D.8.a. N190551-200451 W97?40 -980 Mex. 177
Ipapiza = Coronado [M.3.a.a.(4).]
Huaura t Z.39. S110301 W770301 Peru 964 Ipeca K.2.f.a.(9).(b). N1025' W68010-25' Br.; Col.? 63
Huave D.l.h.9. N16-160301 W94-50 Mex. 194 Ipoteuat 2t Z.39. S110 W610 Br. 1246
Huaxteca = Huasteco Ipurina K.3.c.e.(3). S9-100 W65-90 Br. 1290
Huaxtecan = Huastecan IPURINAN K.3.c.e. Br.
Huayla t Z.39. S9-100 W780 Peru 979 Ipurucoto = Taurepan

Huayllacan = Cuzco [N.1.b.a.(2).] Iguito M.3.b.6.(1). S30 W750 Peru 795
Huaynamota t D.3.a.?. ().(a).(a). N22030' W1040 Mex. IQUITOAN M.3.b.6. Ec. Peru
116 Ira = Mapanai
Hubabo = Ciguayo Ira-Amaire t L.l.a.. (l). (g). (). S8-100 W500 Br. 1471
Huereo t K.1.a.. (2).(b). N18020' W77030' Jam. 356 Irabalo = Iribolo
Huexuo R.l.a.a.(2).(a).(a). S2230 1 W630 Arg. 1722 Irakuleh = 0yaricoulet

Hueyzolme = Huichol Iranche K.4.b.p..(4).? S130 W580 Br. 1222
Huhuteni K.2.f.a.(5). N45'-1020' W6805-20' Br. 836
IRANCHEAN K.4.b.B. Br.
Huichol D.3.a.0..(1).(b). N21030 -220301 W1040 Mex. 118
Iransa Z.9.a.a.(3). S50 W780 Peru 921
HUICHOLAN D.3.a. . (1).(b). Mex. Irapeno J.3.a.a.(2).(m). N90-9030' W72030-50' Ven. 422
HUILLICHE S.2.a.a. Chile Iribolo t I.2.b.a.(7). N8050' W820 Pan. 337
HUILLICHEAN S.2.a. Chile Arg.
Irico t J.3.d.6.(3). N40 W760? Col. 654
Huite t D.3.a.(.(2).(h).(p). N2705' W1080 IricuyeMex.Z.2.c.59N80 W710? Ven. 408
Hultoto M.2.a. . S1 W740 Col. 751 Irritila = Lagunero
HUITOTO M.2.a. Col. Ishira = Horio
HUITOTOAN M.2. Col. Isiama Z.7.e.E.(2). S140 W680 Bol. 1132

HUITOTOAN (SOUTH-EASTERN) M.2.c. Col.; Peru? ISIAMAN Z.7.e.E. Bol.
Humacao t K.l.a.p.(l).(b). N18010' W65040k P.R. 360 Isistine t? Z.5.a..(1l). 2250 W640 Arg. 17
Humahuaca = Omaguaca Isnotu Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407
Hume t D.3.a.(.(2).(g). N23050' Wl04050'? Mex. 80Isunagua t? 2.39. S80 W740? Peru 1045
Hume G.3. N170459 W96020' Mex. 192 Itanga = Ramarama
Humugria t Z.39. N70300 W72030 Ven. 430 Itati = Guaracaio
Hunurana = Omurano Itatin t? M.l.a.a.(1).(c). S220 W570 Br. Para. 1676

Huria t Z.39. N70300 W72030 Ven. 430 Itatin M.l.a.9.(1).(b).(9).i. S15-160 W63-40 Bol. 1163
late = Fulnio
Itayxaine K.2.f.6.(2). N25 W680? Br. 838
Ibanoma = Bonama Itchiquile = Chucuru
Iten = More
Ibexico t 2.39. N7?300 W76?30'? Col. 557
Itenean = Morean JIRAJARAN Z.8. Ven.
Jirara
Itogapuc t? M.l.b.y.(3).(1).(P). S100 W610 t? 1240
Br. Z.39. N70301 W710 Col. 612
Itonama t? Z.39. S13-150 W630 Bol. 1153 JIVARO Z.9.a. Ec.; Peru?
Itoreauhip Z.25.a.y.(2). S130 W64030' Bol. 1152 JIVAROAN Z.9. Ec.; Peru?
Itoromohor t? M.3.b.7.(5). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788 Jocome t B.2.b. N310 W1090? Mex. 97
Itoto Z.39. N9035-50' W71020' Ven. 409 Jova t D.3.a.(.(3).(b).? N290 W1100 Mex. 31
Ituan = Itutan Juberi Z.6.d.y.? S5030 W64030 1 S70 W660t Br. 1360
Ituango t Z.39. N7030' W76030'?. Col.Juca
557 t Z.39. 60 W400 Br. 1546
Itucal t? Z.39. S40301 W75-60 Peru 927
Judigua Z.2.c. N80 W71o? Ven. 408
Itutan t? Z.39. N2-30 W520 Br. 1420 Julaimaua P.l.a.E. N10 W69015-451 Br. 825
Itza D.7.a.p.(1).(a).(xa). N20?40' W88035't Mex.; Juma t? Z.39. S5030' W640t $60 W630 Br. 1361
N170 W900? Guate. 221 Jumana K.2.f.(.(3). S20 W680? Br. 814
Itzuco t H.10. N17050' W99045' Mex. 167 Jumano t D.3.a.(.(3).(c).(p).ii. N30o W1060 Mex. 38
Ivapare M.1.a.a.(5). S240 W530 Br. 1657 Jumbanaua Q.l.f.K. S9030' W72030' Br. 1304
Ivitorocal L.2.c.7. S250 W550? Para. 1653 Juminaua = Jaminaua
Ixcateco G.l.b.p. N170501 W970101 Mex. 174 Junin N.l.a.p.? S110 W760? Peru 988
Ixignor = Auixira Junin [Z.39.] = Chinchaycocha
Ixil D.7.b.P.(2). N150401 W910 Guate. 232 Jura Q.l.f.h. S90301 W730 Br. 1299
Ixira = Ebidoso Juri t Z.39. S40 w690 Br. 1346
Ixtepexi G.4.a. N170151 W96035' Mex. Juri
188t Z.39. S260 W640? Arg. 1758
Iyaine = Itayaine Jurimagua t Z.39. S3-40 w61-60 Br. 852
IZANENI K.2.f.a. Br.; Col.? Juriti = (?) Uaiana
Izcuca = Itzuco Juruna t? M.l.b.-y.(2).(a).(a).i. S5-60 W530t? S80 W530
Izocenyo K.4.d.1.(1). S210 W620 Para. 1709
S10o W530t? Br. 1438
Jabaana K.2.f.-y.(4). N40' W630 Br. 856
JURUNA M.l.b.y.(2).(a).(a). Br.
Jabotifed t Z.39. Sll0 W610 Br. 1244 JURUNAN M.l.b.-y.(2). (a). Br.
Jabue t Z.39. N7030' W710 Col. 617 Jurupari K.2.f.a.(1).(i). N40' W68040' Br. 830
Jabuti Z.39. S12030' W620 Br. 1260 Kame = Caingang (Parana)
Jacalteco D.7.a.p.(3).(a). N15040 W91045' Guate. 225 Kamia E.l.a.y.(2).(d). N33a W1150 Mex. 2
Jacare t? Z.39. S170 W570 Bol. Br. 1187 KAMIAN E.1.a.7.(2).(d). Mex. U.S.
Jacaria t Q.3.a.. (2). S9045' W65010' Br. 1288 Kanjobal D.7.a.P.(3).(a). N150301 W91030' Guate. 2
Jacon = Jajo
Kekchi D.7.b.y.(1). N15040'-16?20' W89050'-910 Guat
Jacorito t Z.34.b. S210 W410? Br. 1613 238
Jacunda t? M.l.b.-y.(1).(g) . () .? S4027 W490 Br. 1485Kekchi-Pokom = Kekchom
Jagua t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N22030 W80o30' Cuba 354 KEKCHOM D.7.b.y. Guate.; Bel.?
Jahahi t? Z.31.c. S80 W610 Br. 1369 Kickapoo C.l.a. N27050 W10130 Mex. 101
gJaJ Z.2.b.p.(22). N8032 W71030' Ven. 408 Kikima E.1.a.y.(2).(c). N320 W114ot? Mex.; N330 W
gJaJ Z.2.a.6.(1). N905 W70050' Ven. 407 U.S. 5
JAJOAN Z.2.a.6. Ven. Kiliwa = Kiliwi
JALISCAN D.3.a.j. (2).(d). Mex. Kiliwi E.l.a.-y.(2).(d). N320 W1160501 Me

Jama t? Z.39. N7o301 W710? Col. 609 Kilvasa = Gulgaissen
Jamamadi Z.6.d.a.(4).? S70 W660 70 W670 S80 W670 Br. = Crichana
Kirisaman
1356 Kiwahca t? I.l.d. N13050' W84030'? Nic. 278

JAMAMADI Z.6.d.a.? Br. Kohuana E.l.a.y.(2).(c). N330 W1150t Mex.; N33
JAMAMADIAN Z.6.d.? Br. U.S. 3
Jamara t? Z.25.b.t. So1030' W630? Br. 1279 Komlek R.2.b.a.(1).(b). S250 W590? Arg. 1707
Jamaricuma J.2.b.p.(6). S130 W530? Br. 1451 Kunnu = Puelche [Z.39.]
Jaminaua Q.l.f.E. S90 W720 Br.108 Kusiita = Caxiita
Jamuen t Z.2.b.p.(24).(). .? N8032 W71036 Ven. 408 Kyisapang = Sanapana

Jamundi t I.2.b.p.(4).? N30 W770 Col. 666 Laant = Guaranyoca
Janambre t E.l.c.P. N22a30'-240 W990 Mex. 108 Lacalia t? Z.39. N7030' W710 Col. 613
Jande M.l.a.. (1).(c).(7y). S170 W630? Bol. 1158 Lacandon (Chol) t D.7.a.p.(1).(b).(p). N180 W920? Mex.
Jandiahi = (?) Cuperob 215
Jano t B.2.b. N310 W1070? Mex. 98 Lacandon (Yucateco) D.7.a.p.(1).(a).(-y). N170 W910 Mex.;
Japuana = Hobacana Guate.? 217
Japuti = Jabuti Lache t Z.39. N60 W73? Col. 606

Jaricuna = Arecuna Lachira = Chita
Jaru t? Z.25.b.p. S100 W640 S10o W620t Lacu

Br. 1281
t? I.l.b.y.(1). N13045' W84015'? Nic.
Jaruma J.2.b.. (5). S120 W52030' Br. 1451Lagunero t D.3.a.j.(2).(e).(P). N25-70 Wlo0-4
Jatahy = Catanduva Lagunillas = Mucuun
Jauanaua Q.l.f.e. S90 W720301 Br. 1306 Laipisi t? Z.39. S200 W600? Para. 1686
Jauaperi t? J.l.d.p.(1). N30' W610 Br. 887 Lama t Z.39. S6-70 W76-70 Peru 1014
JAUAPERIAN J.1.d.p. Br. Lamanyo N.1.1. S6-70 W76-70 Peru 1014
Jauareta-Tapila = Cauaiua Lambayeque = Mochica
Lambi t Z.39. S12015' W63020' Br. 1261
Jauarete K.2.f.a.(1).(a). N209 W68030' Br. 837
Jauari t Z.39. S60 W480 Br. 1524 Lamisto [N.1.1.] = Lamanyo
Jauavo Q.1.f.6. S90 W730 Br. 1312 Lamisto [Z.39.] = Lama
Jauei t Z.39. S50 w610 Br. 1364 Lampa t Z.39. Sllo W780 Peru 981
Jaulapiti K.4.e.p. S12014-181 W540 Br. 1461 Lanapsua = Sanapana
Jaunavo = Caripuna [Q.3.a.p.(I).] Lanyagachek R.2.b.a.(1).(e). S250 W590? Arg. 1707
Javahe Z.32.b. S110 W500 Br. 1469 Lapacho t Z.39. S150 W680301 Bol. 1131
Jayruya M.2.a.6. S1i W740? Col. 751 Lapalapa = Leco
Jeico t L.l.c. S80 W430 Br. 1536 Larao = Yauyo
Jequetepeque = Mochica Lare N.l.b.a.(4). S120301 W720 Peru 1083

Lari I.2.a.a.(9). N9030 W82o40'? Pan. 331
Jicaque H.8. N15-1540' W87-8? Hond. 252
Jilotepeque D.7.b.y.(2).(a). N14030 W89045 Guate.Latacunga
247 t? Z.39. S30 W76?30 ? Ec. 771
Jinca = Xinca LaVega = Mapen
Jirajara t? Z.8.d. N10030'-11o20' W68050-70020'

Layana K.4.d.a.(1).?
Para. 1698 S21044' W580 $220 W580 $240 W570
N9030'-10040 W70030 -710 N9030'-10040r W68020-40'
Laymon t E.1.a.y.(2).(e). N30-20 W115-170 Mex. 9
N8020 -9040 W6730 -70050 ' Ven. 397
Macuani
Lean y Mulia t? H.8.c. N15040' W87020' Hond. 252 t? Z.39. N20 W530? Br. 1425
Lecheyel t Z.38.c. S520 W74030' Chile 1812
Macuchi = Mucuchi
Leco t? Z.39. S160 W680 Bol. 1130 Maculare t Z.2.b.B.(24).(e). N8032' W71036' Ven.
Lenca H.7. N13-140 W86-90 Hond. Salv. 258 Macuna t? P.l.c.a.(l). S40' W69040'-700 Col. 731
Lengua t R.l.b.y. S240301 W580 Para. 1747 Macuni t L.4.c. S170 W41030' Br. 1603
Lengua [R.2.a.y.(3).] = Payagua Macurap Z.39. S130 W620 Br. 1263
Lengua Z.27.c. S22030 -240 W58-90 Para. 1701 Macushi = Macussi
Leuvuche S.2.d. S390 W660 Arg. 1804

Macussi J.l.b.a.(5).(a). N40 W60020' Br.G.; N3
Licananta = Atacama N20 W600 Br. 513
Lichagotegodi t R.2.a.B.(2). S220 W570MACUSSIAN
Br. 1677J.l.b.a.(5). Br.G. Br.
Lichagoteguo = Lichagotegodi Madiha Z.6.e.? S80 W710 Br. 1328
Lile t I.2.b.B.(2). N3030' W770 Col. 664 Magach t R.2.a.y.(2). S25017' W580 Arg. 1749
Lima t Z.39. S120301 W770 Peru 966 Magdaleno Z.23.a.E. S160 W670? Bol. 1166
Linga = Culle Mage [Z.24.a.] = Soloto
Lipe t Z.39. S210 W670 Bol. 1711 Mage [2.39.] = Camana
Llepa = Uspa Magon t K.l.a.. (2).(a). N220 W79030' Cuba 354
Loa t Z.39. S210 W700 Chile 1713 Maguana t K.l.a.B.(l).(a). N180301 W70-10 S.Dom. 359
Loaiza t K.l.a.B.(l).(b). N18030 W66a P.R. 360 Maguano t K.1.a.p.(2).(a). N210 W760 Cuba 354
Mahacu = Macu [Z.39.]
Lobatera t Z.39. N7?30' W72030' Ven. 428
Locono = Arawak Mahate Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Locumba t Z.39. S17030 W71030' Peru 1115Mahibarez t K.4.b.7.(3). S130 W610? Br. 1225
Lolaca t? Z.39. N80 W700 Col. 615 Mahibarez [Z.30.c.] = Nhambicuara
Lomas = Acari Mahimbare = Uaimare
Loquehua = Toquegua Mahoma t Z.39. S270 W590 Arg. 1751

Lorenzo = Amuexa Mahotoyana J.l.c.B.(l).(g). N1020 W71 20-720 Col
Loreto = Canelo [Z.13.d.] Maiba t? Z.39. N70 W67030'-680 Ven. 449
Louxiru = Otuque Mailona t? Z.39. S100 W770? Peru 1012
Lucalia = Lacalia Main t Z.37.a.a. S300 W650? Arg. 1783
Lucayo t K.l.a.B.(4). N21-60 W72-90Maina
Bah. N.l.j.
357Slo W770 (Sabela ty Ec. 789; S4-50 W770
LULE t? Z.5.a. Arg. (Maina t [Z.39.]) Peru 922
Maina
Lule(Grande). t? Z.5.a.a. S250 W640 Arg. t Z.39. S4-50 W770 Ec. Peru 922
1759
LULE (CHICO) t? Z.5.a.p. S250 W640 Arg.Maiopitian
1760 K.2.c.p.(2). N20 W580 Br. 893
LULE-VILELAN Z.5. Arg. Maipure [K.] = Arawakan
Lupaca N.2. S160 W700 Peru 1121 Maipure t? K.2.d.p.? N40 W670? N50 w690 N5030' W700
Lurin t Z.39. S130 W770 Peru 967 Ven. 459
Maba t Z.39. S130 W610 Br. 1253 Maisi t Z.39. N20010o Wk74 Cuba 355
Mabenaro Z.7.a.6. S12015 W680 Bol. 1137 Maithiore t? M.3.b.y.(6). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788
Mabodamaca t K.l.a.. (1).(b). N18030' W670 P.R. 360. Maitsi t? J.l.b.B. ().(b). N50 W640 Ven. 496
Mabue = Maue
Maiye t K.l.a.. (2).(a). N20010' W76030' Cuba 354
Maca Z.9.a.E.(7). S30 W78? Ec.; Peru? 782 Maje t? Z.39. N40 W520 Br. 1405
MACA R.l.b. Arg.t; Para. Majuruna = Mayoruna
Mala
Macaca t K.l.a.B.(2).(a). N200 W770 Cuba 354t Z.39. S13030' W770 Peru 969
Malaba
Macaguaje P.2.a.a.(8). N30' W75-60 Col.; t? Z.39. N1030'
0 W760 Ec. W790 Ec.; Col? 765
760 Malacato t? Z.9.b.B. S40 W790 Ec. 918
Macamecran L.1.a.a.(2).(b).(y).ii S9030' W470 Br. 1527 Malali t L.7. S17030' W430 Br. 1596
MACAN Z.9.a.E. Ec. Malba = Sindagua
Macapa t? Z.39. N30 W520 Br.; N240' W52030'

Malbala t Fr.G.
Z.5.b.A.? -_250 W620 Arg. 1737
1421 Malebu = Mompox
Macaria = Mucaria Malla = Sindagua
Mam
Machacali L.4.d. S160 W410 S17a W40?t I.l.a.1586
Br. N15030' W840 Hond. 264
MACHACALIAN L.4. Br. Mambyuara = Nhambicuara
Machicui t Z.27.d.B. S22-40 W590 Para. 1705 Mame D.7.b.a.(1). N14030'-150301 W920 Mex. Guate. 203
Machiguenga K.3.d.y. S130 W730 Peru 1069 MAMOID D.7.b.a. Guate. Mex.
Machine Z.9.a.-y.(3). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Manabita Z.3.a.a.(3). S10 W780? Ec. 774
Machoni = Lule Manacica t Z.4.a.a. S170 W580? Bol.; Br.? 1184
Machoto = Itonama Managua = Caxibo
Machubi t? Z.39. S130 W62040' Br. 1266 Manamabobo t? Q.1.a.a.(2).(b).(a). S9030' W74030' Peru
Machui Z.7.a.E. S120 W68a? Bol. 1138 1047
Maco [Z.39. (N10'-Slo W76-70301)] = Cofan MANAMABOBOAN Q.1.a.a.(2).(b). Peru
Maco [z.39. (N40 W650)] = Macu Mananagua Q.l.a.a.(3). (a).(().? S6030 W750? Peru 1040
Macoa J.3.a.a. ().(a). N100-10020' W72030-50' Ven. 420Mananamabua t? Z.39. S90 W740? Peru 1044
Macoa J.3.a.a.(2).(a). N9030' W72050'? Ven. 422 Mananye = Amanage
Macoita J.3.a.a.(2).(b). N90 W72030'? Ven. 422
Manao t? K.2.f.(.(4). S1-30 W61-30 Br. 854
Maconi = Macuni Manasi t Z.39. S160 W620 Bol. 1174
Macorixe t Z.39. N22030' W810 Cuba 353 Manastara J.3.a.a.(2).(c). N90_-930r W72030-50' Ven.
Macoyahui t D.3.a.C.(2).(b).(y). N270 W1090 Mex. 47 422
Macraia = Cricatage Manatinavo t? K.3.d.B.(2). S120 W730? Peru 1066

MACRO-CHIBCHAN I. Hond. Nic. Salv. C.R. Pan. Col. Ec. Manaua Q.1.f. . S10030' W720 Peru 1295
MACRO-GE L. Br.; Arg.t? Manava t? Q.l.a.a.(2).(b).(p). S0l W74?? Peru 1047
MACRO-GUAICURUAN R. Arg. Para. Br. Bol.? Manaxo = Amanage
MACRO-OTOMANGUEAN G. Mex. Hond. Nic. C.R.
MACRO-PENUTIAN D. Mex. U.S. Can.
Manche
237
t D.7.a.B.(1).(b).(B).? N16? W89020' Bel.; Guate
MACRO-TUPI-GUARANI M. Br. Para. Bol. Arg.? Fr.G. Manco = Yauyo
Peru Col. Ec. Mancueta t Z.39. N70301 W720301 Ven. 430
Macu Z.16.b.B. N4k40O W67030 Ven. Mandauaca
461 K.2.f.7y.(2). N10 W660 Br. 841
Mandinga I.2.a.B.(4).(b).? N90 W78-9a Pan. 349
Macu Z.19.b.a. S35-105' W670-69030 N15= W6905-30'
N45 W69010-25 Br.; N1030 W69020-30 Col. 813 Manekenkn Haux
Macu Z.39. N40 W650 Ven. 487 Mangeroma = Tucundiapa

Macuan [ Z.16. ] = Salivan Mangosisa Z.9.a.. (7) . S3a W78? Ec.; Peru? 782
MACUAN Z.19.b. Br. Col. Mangue t G.l.e.B.(2). N1205 W86030 Nic. 300
MANGUEAN G.I.e.g. Hond. Nic. C.R. Masehual = Yucateco
Manhan t Z.39. S150 W400 Br. 1581 Masivaribeni K.l.b.B.(2).(d).(y). N40 W710?
Masparro
Maniabon t K.1.a.. (2).(a). N21035 W76030 -77? Cuba t? Z.39. N80 W700 Ven. 437
354 Maspo t? Q..c.y.(1). 90 W740 Peru 1046
Maniteneri K.3.c.C. S90 W690-70045 SS120 W69-710 Br. MASPOAN Q.l.c.y. Peru
1293 Massaca = (?) Huari
Manitsaua M.l.b.y.(2).(a).(p). S110 W540 Br. 1443 Massacara t L.3.d. S10040' W410 Br. 1566
Manoa Q.l.a.a.(3).(b).(y). S70 W760? Peru 1034 MATACO R.l.a.a. (1). Para. Arg.
Manoita = Setebo
Mataco R.l.a.a.(1).(c). S230 W63030' S23030' W62-30
Mansinyo Z.24.b.a. S16-170 W65-60 Bol. 1167S24030' W610 S25030' W61t0 S240 W630t Arg. 1724
Manso = (?) Guaipunave MATACO-MACA R.1. Arg. Para.
Manta M.3.c.e. S20 W760? Peru; Ec.? 752 MATACOAN R.1.a. Arg. Para.
Manta t Z.3.b.a. S10 W80030' Ec. 777 MATACO-MATAGUAYO R.l.a.a. Arg. Para.
Mantenya = Manabita Matagalpa I.l.c. N140 W860 Hond.; N130 W85-70 Nic.
Mantizula = Manitsaua MATAGALPAN I.l.c. Hond. Nic. Salv.
Manzanero S.2.a.p. S40-20 W700 Arg. 1770
Matagen M.3.c.y. S20 W76?? Peru; Ec.? 752
Maopityan = Maiopitian Mataguayo [R.l.a.a.(1).(c).] = Mataco
Mapache K.2.f.a.(1).(d). No0 W670 Br. 840 Mataguayo R.l.a.a.(2).(c). S230 W630 Arg. 1723
Mapanai K.2.f.a.(6). S30' W68010i? Br. 819 MATAGUAYO R.1.a.a.(2). Arg.
Mapari = Cumbaza MATAGUAYO (NORTHERN) R.l.a.a.(2).(a). Arg.
Maparina = Mapurina Mataguayo (Southern) = Vejoz
Mape J.3.a.a.(2).(n). N90-9030 W72030-50' Ven. Matama
422 = Mataua
MAPEAN J.3.a.a.(2). Ven. Matanaui t? Z.39. S60301 W610401 S90W610 Br. 1
Mapen Z.2.a.6.(4). N90 W70055' Ven. 407 Matapi K.2.f.p.(2). S30-40' W70030'-710 Col. 733
Mapeni = Mepene Matara t Z.39. S260 W600 S280 W610; S2806' W63030'
Mapenuss = Yaaucaniga Arg. (replaced by Santiago del Estero [N.l.o.])
Mapidi(di)an = Malopitian 1756
Mapoye J.l.b.a.(15).? N60 W660 Ven. 476 Matarapa t 2.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Mapoyo = Mapoye Mataua Z.26.d. S120 W64030' Br. 1278
Mapuche [S.] = Araucanian Matlaltzinca = Matlatzinca
Mapuche S.l.b.I. S380 W720 Chile 1765 Matlame t G.l.a.y.(1).? N18015' W99045' Me
MAPUCHE S.l.b. Arg. Chile
Matlatzinca G.1.a.y. N19040' W101031t N18020
Mapunche = Mapuche [S.1.b.y.] N19012' W99055' N180451-19015 1 W99025-1000
Mapurina Z.22.c. S50301 W750 Peru 938 141
Maguinuca t Z.39. S15030' W420 Br. 1588 Matteiro = Chacamecra
Maquiri = Caiabi Mauaca K.2.f.?y.(5). N20 W640 Br. 858
Maguiritare J.l.b.p.(I).(g). N40 W640?30'-670MAUACAN K.2.f.y.
Ven. 493 Ven. Br.
MAQUIRITAREAN J.l.b.p.(4). Ven. Mauacua K.2.d.y. N40 W670? Ven.; Col.? 460
Mara = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).]
Maue M.l.b.y.(3).(d). S30 W570t S40 W560 S40 W570t
S30 W55030' t 4030' W55020' Br. 912
Maraca J.3.a.a.(2).(1). N90-9030 W72030-50 1 Ven. 422
Maraca t Z.39. S12030' W410 Br. 1572 Mauitsi = Maitsi
Maracana M.3.b.6.(2). S40 W740 Peru 929 Maulieni = Caua
Maracana t? Z.39. N30 W620 Br. 862 Maxco-Piro = Inapari
Maracani = Tumapasa Maya = Yucateco
Maragua = Maue MAYA D.7.a.B. Mex. Bel. Guate. Hond.
Marahua = Maruba
MAYA-CHOL D.7.a.p.(1). Mex. Bel. Guate. Hond.
Maranza Z.9.a.a.(4). S50 W780 Peru 921 Mayaguez t K.l.a.p.(1).(b). N180 W670-67030' P.R. 360
Maraon t K.2.b.p.? N40 W520-52030' Fr.G.; Br.? 1406 Maya (Highland) = Quichoid
Maratino = (?) Tamaulipeco Maya (Lowland) = Mayoid
Maraua K.3.a.a. S2030' W66-80t S30 W670 S30 W65030' MAYAN D.7. Mex. Bel. Guate. Hond. Salv.
Br. 818
MAYAN (UNCLASSIFIED) D.7.c. Salv.
Marawan = Maraon
Maya (Proper) = Maya
Marcani = Tumapasa
Mayasquer t Z.39. N1035' W770 Col. 690
Mariape J.2.b. .(3) . S130 W530? Br. 1453 Ma1noa t K.l.a.p.(2).(b). N180 w760 Jam. 356
Mariape-Nahuqua = Mariape
Mayo D.3.a.C.(2).(a). N26030' W1090 Mex. 49
Mariate t? K.2.f.e.(2). S20 W670 Br. 817 Mayo [N.1.b.a.(2).] = Cuzco
Maribichicoa t E.l.b. N130300 W88015' Salv. 262 Mayo t? Z.39. S70 W750 Peru 1040
Maribio = Subtiaba MAYOID D.7.a. Mex. Bel. Guate. Hond.
Marien t K.l.a.p.(1).(a). N19030' W71-30 S.Dom. Haiti
Mayongong J.l.b.p.(1).(f). N50 W660 Ven. 468
359
Mayoruna 2.39. S4-70 W70-40 Br.; Peru? 93?
Marien t Z.39. N220301 W820 Cuba 352 Mazaguapo t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Marinaua Q.l.f.v. S100 W720 Br. 1298
Mazahua G.l.a.p. N19015-45' W99030-10020 1 Mex
Maripu = (?) Mirripu Mazan Z.10.b.K.? S40 W740? Peru 930
Maritong t? L.5.a.a. S220 W420 Br. 1616 Mazateca (Jalisco) t H.11. N19035' W104035 Mex. 134
Mariusa t? Z.14.a. N90 W610 Ven. 370 Mazatecan [G.l.b.] = Popolocan
Marodiapa 0.10.d. S70 W720 Br. 1325 MAZATECAN G.l.c. Mex.
Maropa Z.7.c.P. S150 w670 Bol. 1142 Mazateco [D.7.a.P.(1).(a).(a).] = Quehache

MAROPAN Z.7.c. Bol.
Mazateco (Guerrero) t G.l.c. N18015' W1000 Mex. 169
Marourioux t? Z.39. N30 W530 Fr.G. 1423 Mazateco (Oaxaca) G.l.c. N18-18030' W96030'-970 Mex. 1
Marpapi t J.3.a.E.(1).(b).? N5030' W74~30 Col. 600 Mazateco (Tabasco) t G.l.c.? N17030 W91030'? Mex.;
Marquesote t 2.39. N50 W750? Col. 587 Guate.? 218
Marqueton t J.3.d.y.(3). N40 W750? Col. 583 MBAYA R.2.a. Br. Para. Arg.
Maruba Z.39. S50 W72ot S60 W740 Peru; Br.? 933 MBAYA (EAST) R.2.a.f. Para. Br.
Masaca K.2.f.-y.(3).? N2030' W66030' Ven. 465 Mbaya Mirim = Apacachodegodegi
Masamai Z.0lO.b.B.? S40 W740 Peru 930 MBAYA (WEST) R.2.a.a. Br. Para.
Masca = Chilque
Mbeua t Z.39. S350 W600 Arg. 1795
Masco K.3.d.6. S120 W720 Peru 1073 Mbia = Siriono
Mascoi t Z.27.d.a. S22-40 W590 Para. 1704 Mbocobi = Mocovi

MASCOI Z.27.d. Para.
Mya M.l.a.a.(2).(f). S25020' W53030' Br.; S270
MASCOIAN Z.27. Arg. Para.
Arg. 1649
Mascorro t H.11. N220 W101030 Mex. 85
MCQUOWNJ Indigenous Languages of Latin America 531
Meco t G.l.a.6.(3). N210 W1000? Mex. 151 Mochica t Z.3.a.p.(5). S7-70301 W790 Peru 954
MECUBENGOCRE L.l.a.p.(I).(g). Br. Mochobo t? Q.l.d.p.(3).(a). S110 W740 Peru 1061
Mehin t L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(a).ii. S30301 W460301 Br. 1497
MOCHOBOAN Q.l.d.. (3). Peru
Mehinacu K.4.e.a. S120341 W540 Br. 1455 MOCOA Z.1. Col.
Meibenocre = Mecubengocre Mocoaba Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408

Mejepure = (?) Maipure Mocobay = Mucuguay
Mekka M.2.a.e.(1). So0 W740? Col. 751 Mocobo = Mocombo
MEKKAN M.2.a.e. Col. Mocochi [Z.2.b.p.(14).(e).] = Mucuchi

Mocochi
Melchora I.2.d.-y.(2). Nll0 W840? Nic. 309 [Z.2.b.y.] = Torondoyan
Mella Z.18.a.p.(1). N60 W680 Ven.; Col.? 620 Mocochi [Z.2.b.y.(3).] = Torondoy
Menekka M.2.a.(. So0 W740? Col. 751 Mocochopo Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408
Menian t L.3.c. S160 W420? Br. 1589 Mocoino Z.2.b.6.(4). N80 W710? Ven. 408
Menimehe K.2.f.p.(4). So130' W720 Col. 740 Mocolon = Mucuhuun
Mepene t? R.2.b.p.(1).(b). S270 W590 Arg. 1753 Mocolpo t Z.39. N7030 1W72030' Ven. 430
Mepone = Mepene Mocombo t Z.2.b.E.(2). N8030' W71045'-72015' Ven. 4
Mequen = Machubi Mocorito t D.3.a.(.(2).(c).(y). N25020 W1080 Me
Meregoto t Z.39. N10030' W67030'? Ven. 392 Mocosiohor t? M.3.b.y.(2). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 7
Merrime = Ramcocamecra Mocotapo Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408
Mersiu t Z.39. N3-50 W540 Fr.G.; Sur.? 1398 Mocoto t Z.2.b.6.(12).(c). N8025' W71050' Ven. 4
MOCOTO Z.2.b.6.(12). Ven.
Mesoy t Z.39. N7?30t W72030' Ven. 430 MOCOTOAN Z.2.b.6. Ven.
MEXICANO D.3.a.q.(2).(a).(a). Mex. Guate. C.R.? Pan.?
Mextitlaneca = Meztitlaneca Mocovi R.2.b.p.(2). S26-80 W600-61030't S260 W
S270 W600
Meztitlaneca D.3.a.q.(2).(a).(p). N19050'-20035' S300 W60ot Arg. 1750
W980
N200351-21030 1 W97015'-980451 Mex.Mocoyupu
149 Z.2.b.a.(3). N8052 W70 50 Ven. 40
Miahuatlan G.4.a. N16015' W960351 Mocunche
Mex. 188 t Z.2.b.p.(1). N8050' W70055'-710101
Mialat Z.39. S110301 W620 Br. 1248 Mocurugua = Mucuruba
Miazal Z.9.a.e.(6). S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782 Moeno = Masco
Michay Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Mogosma R.2.b.a.(1).(f). S250 W590? Arg. 1707
Moguex I.2.c.p.(3). N30 W76030' Col. 681
Michi R.2.b.p.(1).(c). S22-30 W620 Para.; Bol.? 1707
Michilingue t Z.37.b. S340 W650? Arg. 1781 Mohino Z.7.f.e. S140 W690? Peru Bol. 1077
Michoacano = Tarasco Moianec = Choroti
Mictlantongo G.2.a. N170151 W970101 Mojo

Mex. K.4.a.a.(1).(a).
180 S14-160 W63-60 Bol. 1
MIDDLE AMERICAN LANGUAGES (UNCLASSIFIED) H. Mex. Bel. MOJO K.4.a.a.(1). Bol.
Hond. Guate. Salv. Nic. Pan. MOJOAN K.4.a.a. Bol.
Migueano Z.10.b.E.? S40-aW740 Peru 931Moluche S.l.b.p. S370 W690? Arg. 1772
Miguri Z.2.b.p.(8).(h).
Moluche [S.2.a.p.] = etc.
Manzanero N8025' W7
MIGURI Z.2.b.p.(8). Ven. Mombun Z.2.b.6.(5). N7040-55' W71010-20' Ven. 408
MIGURIAN Z.2.b.p. Ven. Mombure Z.2.c. N70301 W72010-301 Ven. 408
Mijure t Z.2.c. N80301 W71030 ? Ven. 408 Mompox t J.3.b.a.(1).(c). N90 W750 Col. 537
Milagru Z.39. N80 W740 Col. 543 Monay Z.2.c. N90301 W70035' Ven. 407
Monchoco t L.3.a.p. S150 W410 Br. 1576
Millcayac t Z.36.b. S33-50 W66-700 Arg. 1777
Minaco = Mehinacu Mondiapa = Hondiapa
Minhagirun t L.9.e.p. S180 W410 Br. 1609 Mongoio t L.3.a.a. S150 W410 Br. 1576
Minuane t Z.39. S31-30 W58-600 Arg.; Uru.? 1789 Monocho L.4.e. S170301 W430 Br. 1597
Miquimboy Z.2.a.6.(6).? N9010' W70045 Ven. 407 Monoico J.l.b.a.(12). N40 W60020' Br.G. 512
Mirandela-Tapuia Z.39. S110 W380? Br. 1561 Monqui t E.l.d.a.(7). N25030'-260 W111030'-1120 Mex.
Miranho t? M.l.b.y.(1).(c).? S20301 W480? Br. 1488 13
Miranya M.2.b.a. S10 W730 Col. 749 Montanyes G.2.a. N170 W98030'? Mex. 180
MIRANYAN M.2.b. Col. Montese = Caingua [M.l.a.a.(2).(b).]
Miri [R.2.b.a.(1).(c).] = Michi Montun t Z.2.c. N80301 W71030 ? Ven. 408
Miri t Z.34.d. S210 W420? Br. 1613 Mopan D.7.a.p.(1).(a).(p). N170 W890-8920' Guate. Bel.
236
Mirripu tZ.2.b.8.(23).
Misanta N8026'
A.2.b.p.(14).(a). W71?27
N80451 Ven. 408
W71010' Ven. 408 Moperacoa = Moterecoa
Miscuara t? M.3.a.a.(3).? S30 W 70 Peru; Ec.? 800 Mopi t Z.34.a. S210 W410? Br. 1613
Misiguea t Z.2.b.p.(14).(d). N8045 W710101 Ven. 408 Moguehua t Z.39. S170201 W71030 Peru 1114
Misisi Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407 Moquen = Machubi
Miskito I.1.a. N12-160 W83030'-850 Nic. 292 Moquino = Mocoino

MISKITOAN I.l.a. Nic. Hond. Morcote t? Z.39. N5030' W730 Col. 603
Miskito-Sumo-Matagalpa = Misumalpan More Z.25.a.y.(1). S12-130 W64-50 Bol. 1151
Misquicha Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407 MOREAN Z.25.a.y
Mistegue Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408 Morique = Mayoruna
MISUMALPAN I.1. Hond. Salv. Nic. Morisco = (?) Norisco
MISUMALPAN (UNCLASSIFIED) I.l.d. Nic. Moriuene K.2.f.a.(7). N20 W670 Br. 832
Mitandu = Matanaui Moro Z.28.a.y.(2). S19-200 W59030' Para. 1684
Mitua K.1.b.6.(3). N3o W71? Col. 641 Morocosi = Mojo
Morona
Mixco D.7.b.?y.(2).(a). N14030' W90035- Guate. Z.9.a.E.(5).
247 S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
Morotoco [Z.28.a.y.(2).]
Mixe D.l.h.a.(1). N16050 -17030 W940301-95045' Mex. = Moro
195 MOROTOCO Z.28.a.p. Bol. Para.
Mixe-Zoque-Huave = Mizocuavean Morrope t z.2.a.p.(2). S7045' W79'? Peru 956
MIXTECAN G.2. Mex. MOSETENAN Z.23. Bol.
Mixteco G.2.a. N16-170301 W96045 -98030' Mex.Z.23.a.
MOSETENE 180Bol.
MIXTECO G.2.a. Mex. Mosetene Z.23.a.K. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166
Miyoy Z.2.b.a.(6). N80551 W70049'Mosnacho
Ven. t408 Z.2.b.p.(14).(c). N8045' W7 10 Ven. 408
Mosquey Z.2.c.?Ven.
Miyuse t Z.2.b.y.(1). N8040-5' W71020-35' N90 W710?
408 Ven. 407
MIZOCUAVEAN D.l.h. Mex. Mosquito = Miskito
Moca t Z.2.a.y.(3). N90301 W70050 Ven. 407 Moterecoa M.l.a.p.(1).(b).(B) .iv. S15-160 W63-40 Bol
Mocao t Z.2.b.. (14).(b). N8045 W71010 Ven. 408 1163
Mocanarey Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408 MOTILON J.3.a.a. Col. Ven.
Mocaqueta = Mucaqueta Motilon K.1.b.B.(4).7 N90 W72050 Ven. Col. 421
Mochda = Carapana Motilon [Z.39.] = Lama
Motozintleco D.7.a.. (3).(b). N15024' W92015' Mex. 204 Muriapigtanga t M.l.b.c. (2).(e). S120 W480? Br. 1625
MOTOZINTLECAN D.7.a.p.(3). Mex. Guate. Murire t I.2.b.a.(1). N8010' W81015' 340
Move t I.2.b.a.(3).' N80451 W810301 Pan. 339 Muscovi = Mascoi
Movima Z.39. S13-150 W65-60 Bol. 1143 Muso = Muzo
Moxo = Mojo Musuraqui Z.28.a.C. S190 W580? Para.; Bol.? 1207

Moyma = Movima Musutepes t? I.l.b.6. N14040o W840? Nic. 279
Moyopampa t Z.39. S60 W770 Peru 998 Mutuan J.l.d.6. S20 W560 Br. 910
Muca t Z.2.b. .(8).(b). N8025' W71030' Ven. 408 Muzape t? Z.39. S100 W77 ? Peru 1012
Mucalcuy t Z.2.b. .(8).(f). N8025' W710301 Ven. 408 Muzo t J.3.a.C. N50 W750 Col. 584
Mucagueta Z.2.b.p.(19). N8035' W71022' Ven. 408 Nacaigetergehe = Abipon
Mucaria Z.2.b.8.(18). N8033' W710241 Ven. 408 Nachehe = Nacrehe
Muchan Z.23.a.e. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166 Nacnhanuc L.9.i.? S16030' W420 Br. 1593
Muchic = Mochica
Nacosura t D.3.a.C.(3).(2).(a). N310 W1090? Mex. 35
Muchimo Z.21.b. S60 W760? Peru 1029 Nacpie t Z.39. S190 W420? Br. 1610
Muchojeone t K.4.a.a.(1).(b). N150 W650? Bol. 1164 Nacporuc t Z.39. S180 W420? Br. 1610
Mucuarse Z.2.b.a.(4). N8052 W700501 Ven. 408 Nacrehe L.9.f. S180 W420 Br. 1610
Mucubache = Mirripu NA-DENE B. Al. Can. U.S. Mex.
Mucubaji Z.2.b.a.(10). N8052' W70050' Ven. 408 Nadobo Z.19.b.E. Slo30 W650 Br. 847
Mucuchachi t Z.2.b.6.(10). N7050' W71026' Ven. 408 Nagrandan t G.l.e.p.(2). N12025 w8640' Nic. 299
Mucuchay = (?) Mucuchachi Naguazi-Monchi Z.23.b.y. S15-170 W660 Bol. 1165
Mucuchi Z.2.b.B.(14).(e).etc. N8045 W710101' Ven. 408 Nahnamuc t Z.39. S160 W420? 1590
MUCUCHIAN Z.2.b.p.(14). Ven. Nahuapo Z.10.b.y.? S40 W740 Peru 930
Mucuguay Z.2.c.? N8030' W71015' Ven. 408 NAHUAT D.3.a.q.(2).(b). Mex. Guate. Hond. Salv. Nic.
Mucuhuun t Z.2.b.p.(10). N8030' W71032' Ven. 408 C.R. Pan.?
Mucuinamo t Z.2.b.p.(24).(b). N8032' W71036 Ven. 408 NAHUATL D.3.a.q.(2).(a). Mex. Guate. C.R.? Pan.?
Mucujebe Z.2.c.? N8050' W71035'? Ven. 408 Nahuatl [D.3.a.q.(2).(a).(a).i.1 = Azteca
Mucujun Z.2.b.p.(16). N80451 W710151 Ven. 408 NAHUATLAN D.3.a.l.(2). Mex. Guate. Hond. Salv. Nic.
Mucujurape Z.2.c.? N80 W710 ? Ven. 408 C.R. Pan.
Mucumano Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Nahuatlato t D.3.a.T.(2).(b). N12055' W8704
Mucumba Z.2.b.a.(7). N8057t W7005- Ven. 408 Nahucua J.2.b.p.9. S1220 2CW530t S12050' W5
Mucumba Z.2.b.B.(6). N80301 W710? Ven. 408 1454
Mucumbaji = Mucubaji NAHUCUAN J.2.b.P. Br.
Mucumbi Z.2.c.? N80 W71o? Ven. 408 Nambu t? Z.39. S18030' W630 Bol. 1168
Mucumpi t Z.2.b.p.(8).(c). N8025' W71030' Ven. 408Naolan t H.11. N23051 W990551 Mex. 106
Mucumpu = Mucuun Napeano Z.10.b.a.? S40 W740 Peru 931
Mucundu = Jaji Napeca Z.25.a.p.(2). S160 W630 Bol. 1173
Mucuneche = Mocunche
Naperu t Z.39. S220 W590 Para. 1703
Mucunutane = Tabay Napo [N.l.h.] = Quijo
Mucunyo( que) = Miguri Napo [Z.13.d.] = Canelo
Mucupati Z.2.b.6.(9). N70451 W71020 1 Ven. 408 Naravute J.2.b.p.(4). S120 W530 Br. 1452
Mucupine = Mucuhuun Nata t I.2.b.a.(10). N8020' W80030' Pan. 343
Mucuranda Z.2.b.p.(9). N8030I W710151 Ven. 408 Natica R.2.b.a.(1).(h). S250 W590? Arg. 1707
Mucuruba Z.2.b.p.(2). N80401 W71010 Ven. 408 Natu Z.39. S100 W360 Br. 1554
Mucurufuen t Z.2.b.p.(8).(a). N8025 W71030' Ven. 408 Naua = (?) Aranaua
Mucurujun Z.2.b.a.(1). N8058' W70052' Ven. 408 Naura J.3.a.e.(2).? N50 W750 Col. 586
Mucurumagua Z.2.b.f.(4). N8035' W710301 Ven. 408 Nauracoto J.3.a.E.(3).? N50 W750 Col. 585
Navaite Z.30.a.p.(2). S11030' w600 Br. 1236
Mucuse Z.2.b.p.(2). N8056 W70?54' Ven. 408
Mucusiri Z.2.b.p.(20). N8030' W710301 Ven. 408
Nazca t Z.39. S150 W750 Peru 1103
Mucusnanda t Z.2.b.p.(8).(e). N8025' W71030' Ven. 408 Nebica t Z.39. N7030' W720s0' Ven. 430
Mucuso t Z.2.b.. (8).(g). N8025' W710301 Ven. 408 Nebome D.3.a.. (1).(b).(a). N260 W108-90 N280 W 090 Mex.
Mucusumpu t Z.2.b.p.(24).(f). N8032' W71036' Ven. 408 42
Mucuti = Mocoto
Neenoa P.l.b.a.(2).(b). N30' W690301 Col.; Br.? 717
Mucutiri t Z.2.b.p.(8).(d). N80251 W710301 Ven. 408 Negrito t H.11. N220351-23a40' W100030 Mex. 90
Mucutu = Mocoto [Z.2.b.6.(12).(c).] Nene Z.30.a.a.(4). S130 W58030' Br. 1233
Mucutubiri Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Nepenya t Z.39. S9030' W78030 Peru 960
Nepnep t Z.39. S180 W42a? Br. 1600
Mcutuy t Z.2.b.p.(24).
MUCUUN.t Z.2.b.6.(8). Ven.
N80 W710251 Ven. 408 Nepoyo = Quaqua
Muegano M.3.c.a. S20 W760? Peru; Ec.? 752 Neva t? Z.39. S30 W760 Peru 797
Muellamues t I.2.a.p.(1).(c). N1040' W770 Col. 689Nevome = Nebome
Muenane M.2.b.y.(2).? Slo W730 Col. 743 Nexitza G.4.a. N160 W97030"? Mex. 184
Muguri = Migurian
Nyacfateitei L.2.a.a.(2). S22030' W500 Br. 1634
MUISCAN I.2.d.a.(1). Col. Nhambicuara Z.30.c. S10-150 W57-610 Br. 1237
Muite t I.2.b.a.(10).? N9O W80030' Pan. 346 NHAMBICUARA Z.30.a. Br.
Mundema t Z.37.a.y. S300 W650? Arg. 1783 NHAMBICUARAN Z.30. Br.
NHAMBICUARAN (CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN) Z.30.a.p.(1). Br.
Mundurucu M.l.b.y.(3). (c).(a). S50 W600t S3?30'-50
W57030'-59030' S3030' W570t S2030' w55030't Nhambicuaran (Eastern) = Cocozu
S3030' W54030't S5030'_60 W560t S70 W570 37030' NHAMBICUARAN (NORTHEASTERN) Z.30.a.a. Br.
W55030'-580t S7030 -80 W55-60 S80 W570 Br. 913 Nhambicuaran (Northern) = Nhambicuara (Pseudo)
Muniche Z.21.a. 360 W76030' Peru 1029 NHAMBICUARAN (SOUTHWESTERN) Z.30.a.p. Br.
MUNICHEAN Z.21. Peru NHAMICUARAN (WESTERN) Z.30.a.f.(2). Br.
NHAMBICUARA
Muoi t I.2.b.a.(2). N80451 w810551 Pan. 338 (PSEUDO) Z.30.b. Br.
Mura Z.31.a. S20 W550t S30 W580t S31o0' W570401
Nheengatu = Tupian (Coastal)
S30-4040' W58030'-60 S50 W600 S50301 W60030'
Nhengahiba t? M.l.b.7. ().(a). Slo W510 Br. 1434
S6050' w610301t S5-80 w61-30t s40 w620 s4-50
Niaguara = Niaragua
w61030'-630t S3-40 w64-50t SI-30 w60-20t
Niamagua = Niaragua
S2-30 W62-40t Br. 848 Nianagua = Niaragua
MURAN Z.31. Br.
Niaragua Q.l.c.e.? S70 W74030 Peru 1039
Murato
Murca t? M.3.b.a.(3).?
t J.3.a.e. $40 W760
(1).(a).? N5030 W74030i Nicarao
Peru ; Ec.?
Col. 600 803 t D.3.a.?.(2).(b). Nll?30' W860 Nic. 302
Nicoya t G.l.e.p.(3). N9050 W85030' C.R. 304
Mure t 2.39. S12030 W640 S130 W630 Bol. 1156 Nigua t? I.2.a.p.(2).(b). O W790 Ec. 769
MCQUOWNI Indigenous Languages of Latin America 553
Olomeca = Nahuatlato
Niguecactemigi = Layana
Ninaguila = Poturero Olongasta t Z.39. S320 W670? Arg. 1779
Ninaquiguila = Poturero Oluta D.l.h.a.(2). N170551 W94052 Mex. 199
Ninaxo t? Z.39. S100 W770? Peru 1012 Omagua [J.l.c.. (1).(i).] = Carijona
Nindaso t Z.39. S6030' W770 Peru 1018 Omagua t? M.l.b.6.(l).(b). S30 W680 Br.; S40 W720
Peru 815
Nio t D.3.a.C.(2).(h).(7). N25030' W1080 Mex. 68
Niquiran = Nicarao Omaguaca t Z.35.b.? 521-40 W63a30 -670301 Bol. Chile
Niquisan = Nicarao Arg. 1715
Niquitao Z.2.c.? N90101 W70035' Ven. 407 Omasayo Z.39. 513040 W72030 Peru 1093
Nitana t Z.39. N7030 W76030 ? Col. 557 Omasuyo N.2. S150 W690 Bol. 1126
Nochiztlan G.2.a. N17025 1 W97015 Mex. 180 Omoa P.l.c.B.(1). S15 W690501 Col. 721
Omoampa = Umuapa
Nocnoc t Z.39. S17030' W420? Br. 1610
OMURANO Z.ll. Ec.
Nocoman t? Z.39. Sllo W72-30 Peru 1071
Nocten R.l.a.a.(l).(b). S220 W620 Arg. 1716 ONA T.2. Chile Arg.
Nohaague t Z.39. S230 W580? Para. 1745 Onoto = (?) Toa

Opale Z.39. S200 W55020t S210 W530 S21o20 W53-50t
NomonaJ.3.b.a.(2).(a).
Nonama t Z.39. $6030' N50W770 Peru
W77030 1019
? Col. 569
S210401 W550 S220 W530t S22020 W550t $220301
Nonuya M.2.b.p. Slo30 W730 Col. 742 W54030 Br. LP3
Nori t J.3.b.y.(2).(d). N6030' W760 Col. 559 Opaina P.l.f.a. 545 W70 5-25 Col. 732
Norisco t Z.39. N60301 W760301? Col. 557 OPAINAN P.l.f. Col.
Norocoage t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(B). S60 W480 Br. 1525 Opata t D.3.a.. (3).(a).(a). N28030 -300 W
NORTH AMERICAN LANGUAGES (UNCLASSIFIED) F.
Notobotocudo = Ivapare OPATA D.3.a.C.(3).(a). Mex.
Nourage t? Z.39. N30 W520? N40 W520 Fr.G. OPATAN D.3.a.(.(3). Mex.
1411
Ntogapid = Itogapuc Opatoro H.7. N1405 W87050' Hond. 258
Nu-Aruac = Arawakan Operigua = Eperigua
Nucoecamecran = Cucoecamecra
Opon J.3.a.6. N70 W73? Col. 596
Orarimugudoge
Nucuini Q.l.c.6.(l). S70301 W730301 Br. 1321 Z.29.a.a.(1). S160 W52-50 Br. 1446
Nulpe t Z.39. N20 W780? Col. 687 Orcase Z.2.c.? N80 W710? Ven. 408
Numurana = Omurano Orebate Z.28.a.p.(2).(a). S190 W590 Bol.?; Para. 1209
Nutabare = Nutabe Orejon t? M.2.c.a. S30 W690 Col.; Br.? 726
Nutabe t J.3.b.3.(l).(a). N70301 W740301 Col.
Orejon 550
[P.2.c.] = Coto
NUTABEAN J.3.b.3.(l). Col. Oristan t K.l.a.p.(2).(b). N180 W78? Jam. 356
Nutibara t Z.39. N60301 W760 Col. 559 Oremanau = Manao
Nuxino M.3.c.C. S2 W760? Peru; Ec.? 752 Oriquena t Z.39. N7030 W72030' Ven. 430
Nyeoze-Nee M.l.a.p.(1).(c).(a). S170 W630 Bol. 1158 Orisi t G.l.e.g.(3). N1 W85030' C.R. 303
Nyu = Otomi Oristine t Z.5.a.p.(3). S250 W64?? Arg. 1760
Nyurukwaye = Norocoage Ormiga t? Z.39. S80 W740? Peru 1045
Oa t? M.3.a.p. S30 W770 Peru 798 Ornofay t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N220 W78020' Cuba 354
Oaqui = Oa Oromo t Z.24.b.p. S16-170 W660? Bol. 1167
Oca t Z.39. N0l W750 Col. 535 Ororebate = Orebate
Ocaina M.2.b.y.(l).(a). S1-20 W73020' Col. 748 Orosi [G.l.e.g.(3).] = Orisi

OCAINA-MUENANE M.2.b.y. Col. Orosi I.2.a.a.(6). N1030 1 W830301? C.R. 313
OCAINAN M.2.b.7.(l). Col. Orotinya t G.l.e.g.(3). N100 W84030 N1030 TW850 C.R
Ochozuma = Uru 306
Ocloya t? Z.39. S240 W630301 Arg. 1718 Ortu t? Z.39. S160301 W580 Bol. 1182
Osa t I.2.a.a.(14). N8030 W830301? C.R. 326
Ocole t Z.5.b.p.(2). S250 W600301 Arg. 1740
Ocomayana = Cumayena Otanabe t Z.21.c. S60 W76?? Peru 1030
Oconya t Z.39. S16040 W72050' Peru 1109 Otanavi = Otanabe
Ocoroni t? D.3.a.C.(2).(h).(a). N260 W1080 Mex. 63 Otchucuiana = Tarairiu
OCORONIAN D.3.a.C.(2).(h). Mex.

Otetua t? Z.39. N1o W760? Col. 763
Ocorono t Z.25.c.a.(1). 315?05 W64055'? Bol. 1146 Oti t Z.39. S230 W510 Br. 1637
OCORONO t Z.25.c.a. Bol. Otomaco t? Z.39. N6020-35 W67020-45' Ven. 4
OCORONOAN t Z.25.c. Bol. OTOMANGUEAN G.l. Mex. Hond. Nic. C.R.
Ocoteguegue = Gotocogegodegi OTOMI G.l.a.a. Mex.
Ocotlan G.4.a. N16040o W96?45' Mex. 188 Otomi (Huejotzingo) t G.l.a.a.(3). N19010
Ocro t Z.39. Sll W780 Peru 981 136
Octenai = Nocten Otomi (Huixquilucan) G.l.a.a.(ll). N20020-4
OCUILTECAN G.l.a.7.(3). Mex. N19015-25 W99015-30' Mex. 136
Ocuilteco t G.l.a.y.(3).(b). N190 W99025' Mex. 145 Otomi (Ixtenco) G.l.a.c..(13). N19016' W970
Odiahuibe M.l.b.7.(3).(a).(6). 9030 1 W560309? Br. Otomi (Ixtlahuaca) G.l.a.a.(9). N190301 W
1376 W1000 Mex. 136
Oeuacu = Auaque Otomi (Jalisco) t G.l.a.a.(2). N190301 W1040 Mex. 136
Oguaiva = Oguiva
OtomiN19055
(Jilotepec) G.l.a.a.(8). N19035' W100?030
W99032' Mex. 136
Oguana = Oguiva
Oguiva M.l.a.a.(2).(g).. S220 W500 Br. 1636 Otomi (Mezquital) G.l.a.a.(7). N20-210301 W980451-990451
Mex. 136
Oiampi M.l.b.p.(3).(a). N3?20' W520t Br.; N30 W52030'
Fr.G.; N20 W53030' Br.; N1030 -3030'
otomi (Puebla) t G.l.a.a.(4). N18040' W97045' Mex. 13
Otomi (San Juan Dehedo) G.l.a.a.(6). N20015' W10010'
W52030
N30' -53?30't
W520t Br. Fr.G.; S10 W520301t
Br. 1426
N20030'-21015' W100a45' N20040-55' W99040'-1000
OIAMPIAN M.1b.B.(3). Br. Fr.G.
N210?15 W100015' Mex. 136
Oiana J.l.a.P.(5).(d). N1-30 W54-550301t Br. Sur.;otomi (Serrano) t G.l.a.a.(l).? N210 W99-1000 Mex. 13
Otomi (Sierra de las Cruces) G.l.a.a.(10). N19020-30
N1-20 W54-50 Br.; N2030 -3? W550201 Sur.; W99020-30 Mex. 136
N2030' W54-540401 Br. Fr.G. Sur. 1387
OIANAN J.1.a.B.(5). Br. Fr.G. Sur. Otomi (Tepeaca) t G.l.a.a.(5). N18055 W97052' Mex. 1
Ojitlan G.3. N1805 W96025' Mex. 192 Otomi (Tlachichilco) G.l.a.a.(12). N20015 W98020' Mex
Oleo = Guetiadegodi 136
Olive t E.l.c.B. N22045 W98020' Mex. 109 OTOMIAN G.1.a. Mex.
Otomite = Otomi
Olmeca t H.3. N18?30 W96? Mex. 196
Olmo t Z.39. S60 W800 Peru 953 Otuque t? Z.29.b.a. S170 W590 Bol. 1191
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OTUQUEAN Z.29.b. Br. Bol. Panche t J.3.d.y.(4). N40 W750 Col. 583
Ouay t Z.39. N2030' W530 Fr.G. 1422 PANCHEAN J.3.d.y. Col.
Ouayeoue = Uaiuai Pandule t Z.39. S6030a W760 Peru 1015
Oxota t Z.39. S220251 W640 Arg. 1720 Pangoa K.3.d.a.(9). Sllo W750 Peru 1055
Panh M.l.a.a.(2).(h). S240 W540 Br.; Arg.? 1648
Oyaricoulet Z.39. N30 W54040' Sur.; Fr.G.? 1395
Pa'ankun'k = Payniquen Panhame t L.4.f. S17030' W430 Br. 1595
Pabuey = Paguey Paniquita I.2.c.a.(2). N30 W77a? Col. 674
Pano Q.l.a.a.(3).(b).(a). S70 W75030'? Peru 1034
Pacabueye t J.3.b.a.(1).(c). N8030' W740 Col. 541
Pacaguara Q.3.a.E. Sll30' W66030' Bol.; Br.? 1149
PANOAN Q. Peru Br. Bol.
PACAGUARAN Q.3.a. Bol.; Br.? PANOAN (CATUQUINA) Q.l.e. Bt.
Pacahanovo = Pacas Novas PANOAN (CENTRAL) Q.1. Peru Br.
Pacaja t? M.l.b.y.(1).(g).(a). S2030' W51030' Br. 14 5 PANOAN (JURUA-PURUS) Q.l.f. Br.
PACAJAN M.l.b.y.(l).(g). Br. PANOAN (SOUTHEAST) Q.3. Br. Bol.
Pacaje = Pacasa PANOAN (SOUTHWEST) Q.2. Peru
Pacamuru = Bracamoro Panobo Q.l.a.a.(3).(b).(E). [replaced in part by Quechua
Pacanaua Q.l.f.c. S90301 W72030' Br. 1305 (Ucayali)] S70 W75030' Peru 1034
Pacasa N.2. S17030' W680 Bol. 1127 PANOBOAN Q.1.a.a.(3).(b). Peru
Pacasmayo = Mochica Panono Z.28.a.8.(3). S190 W590? Bol.; Para.? 1206
Pacas Novas Z.25.b.E. S11030' W650 Br. 1284 Pantagoro = Patangoro
PacayaZ.10.a..(3). S30' W720 Peru 808 Pantasma t I.l.c.? N140 W880? Hond. 255
Pacu = Paloariene Panteca t H.11. N17035 Wl01035 ? Mex. 158
Paez I.2.c.a.(l). N2-30 W75030'-760 Col. 680 Panzaleo t Z.39. S1o W790 Ec. 773
PAEZAN I.2.c.a. Col. Pao t? Z.39. N6015' W67020' Ven. 455
Paguana t? M.l.b.6.(2).(c).? S40 W650 Papabuco
Br.t 1350
G.4.b. N16050 W97015' Mex. 182
Paguara = Paguana Papago D.3.a.e.l.(a).(a). N31-20 W1110 Mex. U.S. 27
Paguey Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Papamien Z.39. S130 W620 Br. 1265
Paiacu t Z.39. S40 W390 S50 W380 S60 W380 Br. Papana
1541 t Z.39. S16-18a W400 Br. 1606
Paicoge t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(v). S40 W480 ? Br. 1493 Paparo t J.3.b.a.(1)'.(c). N8040 W77030' Pan, 350
Paiconeca K.4.a.p.(1). S150 W620 Bol. 1159 Papre = Chilque
Paiguassu M.1.a.a.(2).(m). S220 W54030'? Br. 1642 Papuri Z.19.b.6. Slo W670 Br. 813
Paloariene K.2.f.a.(8). Nl30 1 W690 Br.; Col.? 715 Paracana M.l.b.y.(1).(d).(B). S4-50 W50-10 Br. 1481
Paipal = Akwa'ala Paraene = Yavitero
Paiquipiranga t? M.1.b.B.(6). 0 W520 Br. 1431

Paraguano = Paravilhana
Paiquize = Mundurucu Paramonga = Parmunca
Pakawan = Coahuiltecan Parana = Arawakan (Parana)
Palace t Z.39. N3?25' W770? Col. 677 Paranae t M.1.a.a.(3). S270 W560 Para. 1671
Palank = Palenque [J.l.a.. (3) . ] Paranapura Z.21.e .S60 W760? Peru 1029
Palanoa P.1.1. S10 W70020 ? Col. 720 Paranauat M.l.b.y.(3).(h).? Sllo W6lot S120 W620 Br.
Palencano = Chol 1242
Palencano = Lacandon (Chol) Parara = Masamai
Palencano = Puctun Paratio = Prarto
Palenque t J.l.a.p.(3). N90 W660 Ven. Paraua

381 0.7. S70 W710 Br. 1326
Palenque [J.3.d.B.(6).] = Patangoro Parauana Z.39. N20 W63ot N1040' W64030' Br. 857
Palicur K.2.b.a. N301 W50030't N2040' W510t N30 Parauien t Z.39. S30 W600 Br. 875
W51030't Paraujano K.1.b.a.(3).(c). N1040 -110 W71030'-72015'
W520t Fr.G. Br.;
1418 N3020' W51040' Br. Fr.G.?; N4? Ven. 413
PALICURAN K.2.b. Br. Fr.G. PARAUJANOAN K.l.bra.(3). Ven.
Paravilhana
Palin D.7.b.y.(2).(a). N14020' W90040' Guate. t J.l.b.a.(10).
247 N2-3a W60-20 N20 W600 Br.
Palmar t? H.8.b. N150301 W880 Hond. 252 889
Palmar t? M.1.a.p.(4).? S190 W620? Bol.; Para.? 1204 Parawgwan = Paraujano
Palmela Z.39. S130 W630 Br. 1267 Paraxim t L.4.g. S17030' W42030' Br. 1601
Palta t Z.9.b.a.? S30301-50 W790 Ec. Peru 917 Pareca t? Z.39. N60 W65?40' Ven. 477
PALTAN Z.9.b. Ec. Pareche = Paressi
Pama t Z.6.c.a.? S9030' W64030' Br. 1287 Paressi K.4.b.a.(3). S150 W58030' Br. 1224
Pamaino Z.7.e.C. S140 680 Bol. 1132 PARESSI K.4.b.a. Br.
PAMAN Z.6.c.? Br. PARESSIAN K.4.b. Br.
Pamana t Z.6.c.B.? S70 W640 Br. 1358 Paressi-Cabichi = Cabichi [K.4.b.-y.(2).]

Pambadeque = Cocamilla Parl = Mundurucu
Paria t J.l.a.B.(4). Nllo W62030' Ven. 373

Pame G.l.a.6. N20030 -2300 W98-100?t N200581 W99023'
Paria N.2. S17030' W680 Bol. 1128
N2108' W99022' N2108' W99010' N21020' W99020'
N21030' W99030' N21040-51 W99030' N220-2210'Pariagoto [J.1.a.B.(4).] = Paria
Pariagoto J.l.b.a.(2).(b). N70 W620 Ven. 501
W99035-40' N22?20-40' W99025-40' Mex. 153
PAMEAN G.l.a.6. Mex. Pari-bi-tete = Apiaca [M.l.b.7.(3).(b).(a).]
Pamigua t? Z.17.a. N4030' W74030' Col. 653 = Paiquipiranga
Parichy
PAMIGUAN Z.17. Col. Parinacocha t Z.39. S14030' W740 Peru 1102
Pamiwa = Cubeo Parintintin M.l.b.y.(3).(a).(0). S6030'-8030' W620
Pammari = Paumari S90 W570t Br. 1370
Parigui
Pamoa P.l.b.(. N30-40' W69050'-70020' Col. 709t? Z.39. S30 W580 Br. 877
Pampa = Puelche [Z.39. ] Pariri J.3.a.a.(1).(c). N8030 W73030' Ven. 424
Pampan t Z.39. S170 W420? Br. 1585 Parir1 t J.2.a.y.(1). S40 W510 Br. 1482
PARIRIAN J.2.a.y. Br.
Pampuchin t H.11. N200101 W105020 ? Mex. 130
Panamaca I.l.b.y.(2).(a). N13030'-14030' W85-60 Nic. Pariuaia Z.39. S80 W580 Br. 1371
274 Parmunca t Z.39. Sllo W780 Peru 963
PANAMACAN I.l.b.y.(2). Nic. Parrano Z.l0.b.(.? S4' W740 Peru 931
Panana = Panono Parua = Calabi
Panare Z.39. N7o W66 Ven. 473 Parucutu = Cataulan
Panatahua t? Z.39. S9-100 W76030 Peru 1011

Parukatu = Pariagoto [J.1.b.a.(2).(b). ]
Panati t Z.39. S6-6030 W380 Br. 1543Pasain t Z.5.b.y. S24030 W630 S25030 W61?30' Arg.
Pancararu Z.39. S904' W38019 Br. 1563 1731
Pancenu t Z.39. N80 W76? Col. 548
MCQUOWN] Indigenous Languages of Latin America .35
Pasaramona Z.7.e.n. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Piapal t K.l.b.6.(1).
Z.39. S5030 W54?030 Br. 1379
Passe K.2.f.(.(2). S20-2030' W680-68Piapoco
30 Br. 811 N3-3040o W69-710 Col. 642
PIAPOCOAN K.l.b.6. Col.
Pasto t I.2.a.P.(1).(a).? Nl040' W77030' Col. Ec. 688
PASTOAN I.2.a.B.(1). Col. Ec.
Pastoco = Patoco
Piaroa Z.16.b.a.(2). N4030 -5030' W67-67030'
PIAROA Z.16.b.a. Ven.
Patacho L.6. S140 W410 Br. 1578 PIAROAN Z.16.b. Ven.
Patagon t J.3.a.K.? S5030' W78030' Peru 944 Plato t D.3.a.e.(1).(a).(B). N300 W1120 Mex. 26
Patamona t? J.l.b.a.(1).(b). N50 W600 N60 W580? Br.G. Picara t J.3.b.7.(1).(c). N50 W75030' Col. 582
509 Pichauco t Z.39. N3o W620 Br. 863
PATANGORAN J.3.d.p.? Col. Pichihuilliche S.2.a.a.(2). S410 W720 Chile 1769
Pichobo Q.l.d.0.(1). S100 W740 Peru 1049
Patangoro t J.3.d.a.(6).? N5-60 W750 Col. 587
Patia t? I.2.a.3.(l).(e). N2020' W77040' Col. 686 PICHOBOAN Q.l.d.p. Peru
Patica t I.2.a.3.(3). NlO0 W850? C.R. 307 Picunche t S.l.a. (replaced in part by Quechua Boliviano
Patoco t? Z.l.c. N1050 1 W76035 Col. 692 [N.l.d.] S30-70 W720 Chile 1763
Patocuma Z.9.a.a.(6). S50 W780 Peru 921 Picuntu = Picunche
Patte t? L.2.c.B.(1). S250 W520 Br. 1630 Pidadiapa 0.5.a. S40 w670 Br. 1348
Paucartampo N.l.b.a.(6). S130 W71030' Peru 1082 Pihtadyovac = Ivapare
Pijao t J.3.d.6.(6). N3-4030 W75-6030' Col. 654
Pauchi t? J.l.c.a.(4). S10401 W570t? S20 W550 Br. 908
PIJAOAN t J.3.d.6. Col.
Pauchiana J.l.b.a.(14). N1-2030s W61-20 Br. 869
Paucura t J.3.b.y.(l).(d). N5030' W760 Col. 580 Pilaga R.2.b.a.(2). S240?30 W59-600 Arg. 174
Pau d'Arco L.I.a.B.(l).(g).(B). S80 W500 Br. 1472 PIMA D.3.a.e.(1). Mex. U.S.
Pauichana = Pauchiana PIMA ALTO D.3.a.e.(1).(a). Mex. U.S.
Paumari Z.6.d.B.(2).? S5-70 PIMA
W64-65030't BAJO
S70 D.3.a.e.(1).(b).
W650 Br. Mex.
1357 PIMAN D.3.a.e. Mex. U.S.
PAUMARIAN Z.6.d.p. Br. Pimenteira t Z.39. S90 W440 Br. 1534

Paunaca K.4.a.B.(2). S150 W620 Bol. 1160 Pinao = Pijao
Pauserna M.l.a.B.(l).(b).(a). S140 W61' Bol. 1157 Pinare t Z.39. S270 W510 290 W510 Br. 1665
Pava Z.ll.a.y.? S30 W760 Peru 796 Pinche Z.11.a.E.? S30 W760 Peru
Pawumwa = Uanham PINCHEAN Z.11.a. Peru
Pawumwan = Uanhaman Pinco t Z.39. S10 W770 Peru 980

Pindu Z.9.a.y.(4). S3a W78a? Ec.; Peru? 782
Paya w850
H.9. N15010 W85?40' N15030 W85015' N150301
Hond. 253 Pino t Z.39. N30 W52045' Br.; N30 W540 Fr.G. 1415
Paya I.2.a.B.(4).(b). N90 W78-90 Pan. 349 Pinome [D.3.a.n.(1).(a).(P). = Totorame
Payagua [P.2.c.] = Coto Pinome [G.l.b.a.] = Popoloca
Payagua t R.2.a.y.(3). S190 W580 Bol.; S22-40 W590Pinonuquia = Totorame
Para. 1211 Pintuc Z.9.a.E.(3). S3a W780? Ec.; Peru? 782
PAYAGUAN R.2.a.y. Bol. Br. Pinyoca Z.4.a.y.(1). S150 W620? Bol. 1176
Payagua (North) = Sarigue PINYOCAN Z.4.a.y. Bol.
Payagua (South) = Magach Pioche = Pioje
Payanzo t Z.39. S7-90 W760 Peru 1031
Payniquen T.l.b.a. S41-50 W65-700 Arg. 1807 Piocobge
Piaje L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(K).
P.2.a.a.(1). $50 W45030'
S20 W750 Peru; Ec.? 792 Br. 151
Payualiene = Paloariene PIOJE-SIONI P.2.a. Col. Ec. Peru
Payure t? Z.39. N7a30o W670 Ven. 443 Pipil D.3.a.q.(2).(b). N14050 W900t N14
Pazaine = Pasain
Guate.; N140 W890301-900 Saiv.; N1403
Peba Z.10.a.B.(4). S30301 W720 Peru 808
N15020 W88025 t N15040o W86?t Hon
Peba [Z.39.] = Ariu Piraha Z.31.b. S6025'-70101 W620 Br.
PEBAN Z.10.a.B. Peru Pirataguari M.l.a.P.(1).(b).(P).vi. S150
PEBA-YAGUA Z.10.a. Peru 1163
PEBA-YAGUAN Z.10. Peru
Piratapuyo P.l.b.y.(2). N1030s WT70 Col. 714
Pecaba = Becaba Pirinda = Matlatzinca
Pedra Branca t Z.33.a.6. S140 W410? Br. 1577 Piritu t J.1.a.B.(7). N10030o W640201 Ven
Piriu = Apurui
Pehuenche S.l.b.c.(1). S35-8a W70-2? Chile Arg. 1764
PEHUENCHE S.l.b.c. Arg. Chile Piro K.3.d.B.(1). S10030' W73300 Peru 1065
Pehuenche t Z.36.e. S37-400 W700 Arg. 1771 PIROAN K.3.d.B. Peru
Pelado Q.l.a.a. (3).(b).() . N70 W75030'? Peru 1034 Pisatapuia = Uasona
Pelado [Z.39.] = Mayoruna Pisco t Z.39. S140 W76030 Peru 972
Pemeno J.3.a.c. N8025-50I W72010-30' Ven. 425 Pisobo = Pichobo
Pemeo t J.3.b.a.(1).(c). N80 W740 Col. 543 Pisone t E.l.c.P. N220401 W990201 Mex. 107
Pemon = Arecuna
Pispi t? I.l.b.7.(1). N14l10O W84015'? Nic.
Penco = Peneco
Pita t Z.39. S21? W430 Br. 1621
Peneco t Z.39. N7030 1 W76030'? Col. 557
Pitaquari = Pirataguari
Penokikia = Penyoqui Pitonara = Potiguara
Penonomenyo t I.2.b.a.(5). N80401 W80025' Pan. 344
Piura t Z.39. S5030' W810 Peru 952
Penyoqui Z.4.a.B. S170 W610 Bol. 1176
Plus t Z.39. N20 W76?30 ? Col. 687
Pepuchi = Macamecran Pochutla D.3.a.n.(2).(c). N15045 W960301 Mex. 186
Pequi t Z.39. N6030 W75030' Col. 561 Poco Z.2.c.? N9g W710? Ven. 407
Peribeca t 2.39. N70301 W72030' Ven. 430 Pocora t I.2.a.p.(3). NIO0 W850? C.R. 307
Pericu t E.l.d.B. N23-230301 W1100 Mex. 19 Pocosi t? I.2.E.a.(8). N90451 W830201? C.R. 320
Peritaua t? Z.39. N30 W570? Br. 904 Poianaua Q.l.f.ac. $80 W74 Br. 1319
Pernambuco = Viatan
Poica t L.9.g.f. S170 W41-41030' Br. 1604
Perovosan t? Z.39. S170 W57030 H Bol. Br. 1186 Pojicha = Poica
Pesatupe R.l.a.a.(2).(a).(B). S240 W610 Arg. 1733 POKOM D.7.b.y.(2). Guate. Salv.
Pescahuey Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Pokomam D.7.b.y.(2).(a). N14030o-150 W89a40o-90o40'
Peshera = Enoo;
Guate.; N13030 -140 W88a30A-89955't Salv. 247
Peua = Tacunhape Pokomam-Pokonchi = Pokom
Pevere t Z.39. N7030 W76030? Col. 557 Pokoman = Pokomam
Phol Z.39. S140 W520? Br. 1449 Pokonchi D.7.b.y.(2).(b). N15035 W900 Guate. 239
Piache t Z.39. N70V30 2001 en. 430 Polindara I.2.c.B.(2). N30 W770 Col. 671
Pianocoto J.l.c.a.(1). N20 W560t Br.G.; N10 W560 Br. Pomatampo = Parinacocha
897
Poncatage t L.l.a.a..(2).(b).(4). S630 W46 30' Br. 15
536 American Anthropologist [57, 195~
Ponta t L.l.b. (l).(a). (). S9040' W400 Br. 1565 Purui t Z.39. N20 W540 Br. 1391
Ponton = Poton Purupuru t Z.6.d.B.(1).? S50 W630 Br. 1362
Pusaracau
Popayan I.2.c.y.(l). N2030I W77020S Col. 668 Z.15.c. N30 W640? Br. 844
POPAYANENSE I.2.c.y. Col. Pusciti = Chavante [L.l.b.a.(2).]
Poaoloca G.l.b.a. N18012' W9805' N18030' W97025' Mex. 173
Puti = Poti
POPOLOCAN G.l.b. Mex. Putum [D.7.a.9.(l).(b).()).] = Puctun

Popoloca (Oaxaca) = Chocho [G.l.b.y.] Putum [D.7.c.] = Poton
Popoioca (Puebla) = Popoloca Putunthan = Acalan
Popoloca (Veracruz = Popoluca Puyamanahua t? Q.l.c.(.? S6030' W7330' -750 P

Popoloco (Guatemala) = Xinca Quagua t Z.16.b.a.(3). N70 W670 Ven. 472
POPOLUCA D.l.h.a.(2). Mex. Quata t G.l.a.y.(2). N19? W990501? Mex. 143
Popoluca (Nicaragua) = Matagalpa Quechua N.l.b.a.(5). S130301 W720 Peru 1095
Popoluca (Sierra) D.l.h.a. (2).(a). N180-18030' Quechua (Argentino) N.l.e. S24-320 W66-80 (Diaguita t);
w94O40'-950 Mex. 197 S30-70 W63-700 (Araucanian t); S31-30 W67-90
POPOLUCA (SUR) D.l.h.a.(2).(b). Mex.
Poque = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).] (Allentiac
W62-30 t); S30
(Vilela W640
t) Arg. (Sanaviron t); $250-25030'
1762
Porecamecra = Purecamecran
Quechua (Boliviano) N.l.d. S15-16030' W690 (Puquina t)
Porocoto = Puricoto Peru Bol.; S210 W700 (Chango t) Chile; S20-60
Porocun t Z.39. S180 W400? Br. 1606 W65-700 (Atacama t?) Chile Arg.; Bol.?; S16030'-220
Poroquicoa t? M.l.a.p.(3). S150 W63a? Bol. 1163 W67030'-70010' (Uru) Peru Bol.; S200 W650 (Chicha t)
Porruto t J.3.b.6. N60 W750301? Col. 561 Bol.; S210 W670 (Lipe t) Bol.; S24-320 W65-700
Poti t Z.39. S50 W430 Br. 1508 Diaguita t) Arg. Chile; S30-70 W720(Picunche t)?;
Chile 1124
Potic t Z.39. S16? W43a? Br. 1585
Potiguara t? M.l.b.a.(2).(f). S 330' W38ot S4?301 Quechua (Costenyo) = Arequipa
W37030't 0 50 W35-70t 15-6030t W34030't S70 W34030'
QUECHUAN N.1. Col. Ec. Peru Bol. Chile Arg.
Br. 1539 QUECHUAN (NORTHERN) N.l.a. S50 W800 (Ayavaca t) Per
948;
Potlapigua t D.3.a.e.(1).(a).(6). N300 W109-100 S40 W800
Mex. 33 (Calva t) Ec. Peru 916; 170301
Potlapiqua = Potlapigua W780301(Huambo t) Peru 975; S60 790 (Huancapam
Poton t D.7.c. N13a30' W880 Salv. 260 Peru 974; 80 780 (CaJamarca t) Peru 976; S90
Poturero t? Z.28.a.E. S18-190 W58-90 Bol.; Br.? Para.? (Huamachuco t) Peru 977; S90 77 0 (Conchuco t)
1207 978; S100 W770 (Pinco t) Peru 980; S1ll W78a
Poya t T.l.b.p.? S420 W70? Arg. 1805 (Ocro t Lampa t) Peru 981; S10030' W780 (Huanu
Poyicha = Poica Peru 982; Sll W770 (Cajatampo t) Peru 983; S
Pozo t J.3.b.y.(4).(b).? N5030' W760 Col. 581 W760 (Chinchaycocha t) Peru 984; Sllo W760
Prarto t Z.39. S80 W36030' S100 W360 Br. 1558 (Atavillo t) Peru 985; S1130 w760 (Tarma t) P
Prinsu = Prinzo
986; 19-110 76-80 (Ancax t) Peru 987; S1ll W7
(Junin t) Peru 988; S60 W77 (Moyopampa t) Peru
Prinzo t I.l.b.a. N13?30' W840? Nic. 289
Ptamo Z.18.a.p.(2). N60 W68a Ven.; Col.? 620 S7030' W76a30' (Hibito t?) Peru 1001; 17-80 78
Pubenaro I.2.c.p.(6).? N3020' W77? Col. 675 (Chachapoya t) Peru 1002; S90 W760 (Huacrachuc
Pubio t Z.39. N7a30 W760301? Col. 557 Peru 1004; S100 W760 (Huamali t) Peru 1005; S
Pucapacuri = Tuyuneri W76-70 (Cholon t?) Peru 1006; S6-70 76-70 (Lam
Puca-Uma = Iquito- Peru 1014; S6030' W760 (Suchichi t Pandule t) Pe
Puchacasse t Z.39. S130 W610 Br. 1253 1015; 17030' W770 (Amasifuin t) Peru 1021; S1
Puchanahua Q.l.a.p.(6). S90 W750? Peru 1043 W750 (Amuexa t) Peru 1028; S60 W76a (Otanabe
Pucobge = Piocobge 1030; S7-90 760 (Payanzo t) Peru 1031; S5030 -
Pucpacuri K.3.d.e. Sll50' W720? Peru 1073 W75-75030' (Aguano t) Peru 1033
Puctun t? D.7.a.p.(1).(b).(B). N17030' W91040t Mex. 216 QUECHUAN (SOUTHERN) N.l.b. S120 W75a (Huanca t) P
Puelche [S.l.b.a.(l).] = Pehuenche S120 W76a (Yauyo t) Peru 990; S12030' W740
Puelche (S.l.b.6.] = Moluche (Choclococha t) Peru 993; S130 W750 (Chocorvo t
Puelche t? Z.39. S36-80 W62-80 Arg. 1803 995; S13030 W71030' (Canchi t?) Peru 1087;
Puelche (Cuyo) t Z.36.d. S350 W64-80 Arg. 1800
Puinave Z.19.a.a.(3). N2-30 W68030'-700 Col. 633 S13030' W70? (Cana t?) Peru 1088; S1330 W720
(Cotapampa t) Peru 1090; S140 W720 (Chumpivilc
PUINAVE Z.19.a. Col.
Peru 109; S14030' W73o30 (Contisuyo t) Peru 1
PUINAVEAN Z.19. Col. Br.
S13040 W72?30' (Omasayo t) Peru 10?3; S13045
Puinave (Oriental) = Guaipunave W72a30' (Aymara t) Peru 1096; S13030' W730 (Ch
PUINAVE (WESTERN) Z.19.a.a. Col. Peru ; S13040' W7330T (Sora t) Peru 1098;
Puiya = Yohoroa S13 30 W730301 (Tanquihua t) Peru 1099; S140 W
Pume = Yaruro (Rucana t) Peru 1101; S14030 W74a (Parinacoch
Pumpu = Chinchaycocha Peru 1102; S16030 TW730 (Cavana t) Peru 1108
Puna t Z.3.b.y. S2030' W800 Ec. 779 Quechua (Quitenyo) N.l.c. N1040' W77030' (Pasto t)
Punchina t Z.39. N50 W750? Col. 587 Col. Ec. 688; S2 W78 0 (Puruha t) Ec. 783; S2
Punctunc = Puctun W78-800 (Canyari t?) Ec. 780; 1S3303-50 W790
Puncuri K.3.d.n. S11501 W720? Peru 1073 (Paltat) Ec. Peru 917; S5-6030' W810 (Sec t) Pe
Punnucana Z.23.a.C. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166 949; s7-7a30' w790 (Mochica t?) Peru 954; 80 W
Pupuluca (Conguaco) t H.6. N140 W9002 1 Guate.
(Culle 245
t?) Peru 1003
Puguina t Z.39. S15-16030' W690 Bol. 1124
Quechua (Tuichi) N.l.n. (replaced in part Tacana
Purace t I.2.c.7.(2). N30 W77a Col. 670 [z.7.e.e.1) S140 w680 Bol. 1132
Purecamecran t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(,). S60 W47 0 70 Quechua (Ucayali) N.l.m. 55030 -70 W750-750301 Peru
W47030' Br. 1522 1033-1034
Purl t? L.5.b. S200 W420 S220 W440 Br. 1614 QUECHUMARAN N. Col. Ec. Peru Bol. Chile Arg.
PURI L.5.b. Br.
PURIAN L.5. Br. Quehache
Quehuar t [N.l.b.a.(2).]
= Cuzco D.7.a.p.(1).(a).(a). N16a40' W900 Guate.
Puricoto t? J.l.b.a.(2). (a). N3 W610 Br. 864 Quekchi = Kekchi
PURICOTOAN J.l.b.a.(2). Br. Ven. Quelene = Tzotzil
Purubora Z.39. S120 W6330' Br. 1270
Quenaga t Z.39. N7030 W10?30 Ven. 432
Purucarod t L.l.a.9.(1).(f). N70 W510 Br. 1477 Quencatage t L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(a).ii. S60 W45030'
Purucoto = Puricoto
Purucuato t? Z.39. S30 W570 Br. 878

Quenemari t Z.39. N720-40 ' W72-72?30 Ven. 430
Puruha Z.3.a.a. (1). 120 W790 Ec. 783 Queniquea = (?) Quenaga
Puruha-Mochica = Yunca-Puruhan
Quenoloco J.l.b.a.(ll). N50 W600 Br.G.?; Br. 511
Rotuno' M.3.c.~. S20 W760? Peru; Ec.? 752
Quenpocatage L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(y).iii. S80 W470 Br. 1526
Quepiquiriguat Z.39. S100 W63030' S120 W61030'tRouorio
Br. t? Z.39. N40 W520 Fr.G. 1404
1249 Ruanagua t Q.l.d.p.(2).(b). S10030T W4030' Peru
Rucana t Z.39. S140 W740 Peru 1101
Quepo t I.2.a.a.(2). N9030' W840 C.R. 322
Querandi t Z.39. S33-50 W58-630 Arg. 1799 Rucuyen J.l.a.p.(5).(a).? N2030' W540 Fr.G.; Br.?
Ruguyen = Rucuyen
Querari Z.19.b.y. S10 W680 Br. 813 Runahuana = Huarco
Quiabanaite = Abipon
Qulbao Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407 Runanaua Q.l.f.(. S90 W72030' Br. 1310
Runubu Q.l.a.a.(3).(a).(p). S6030' W750? Peru 1040
Quiche D.7.b.B.(1). N14030'-15010 W90025'-91040' Guate.
Rununaua = Runanaua
241
QUICHE D.7.b.9.(1). Guate. Runyo Q.l.a.p.(3). S90 W750? Peru 1043

Quiche-Ixll = Quichil Sabaibo t D.3.a.(.(2).(f). N24010 W105040' Mex
QUICHIL D.7.b.9. Guate.
Sabane Z.30.b.a. S120 W59a? Br. 1238
QUICHOID D.7.b. Guate. Mex. Salv.t Sabaneque t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N220 W79030'-810 Cuba 354
Sabela t Z.12.c. Slo W770 Ec. 789
Quicoque Z.2.a.6.(3).
Quidquidcana N90W760
t? Z.39. S9o W70050' .Ven. 407
Peru 1009
SABELAN Z.12. Ec.
Saboibo = Soboibo
Quie = Cautarie
Sabonan L.5.b.a. S200 W430? Br. 1614
Quijo N.l.h. 0-S1 0 W75030'-770 Ec. 791
Sabuia = Sapuia
Quilca t Z.39. S160 W720 Peru 1111
Sacamecran = Chacamecra
Quilifaye t? Z.39. N7030' W710 Col. 614
Quilinina = Coronado [M.3.a.a.(4).] Sacata t Z.39. S5030' W780 Peru 943
Saccha = Colorado [I.2.a.p.(2).(a).]
Quilla t I.2.a.a.(3). N20 W750 Col. 683
Quillaca N.2. S18-200 W66-80 Bol. 1200 Sacoci t? Z.39. S17058' W580 Bol. 1190
Sacuia Q.l.c.p.(2). s8030' W730 Br. 1313
Quillacinga t Z.l.b. N2030' W760 Col. 684
Quillagua = Quillaca
Sacuriu-ina K.4.b.p.(1). S130 W580? Br. 1222
Quilliscachi = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).] Sae t? K~l.b.y.(3). N3? W730 Col. 647
Quimbaya t J.3.b.y.(l).(a). N40 W760 Col. 575 Sagua t K.l.a.p.(2).(a). N21?10 W74040? Cuba 354
Saha = Tsahatsaha
QUIMBAYAN J.3.b.y.(l). Col.
SALINAN-SERIAN E.l.a.6. Mex.
Quimbiri K.3.d.a.(7). S120 W740? Peru 1059
Salinero t E.l.a.6.(3). N290 W112030' Mex. 24
Qulnaqui Z.7.f.ti. S13-150 W690 Peru Bol. 1077
Saliva [I.2.b.a. (6).] = Chaliva
Quinaro t Z.2.b.p.(24).(i). N8032' W71036' Ven. 408
Quinchia t Z.39. N50301 W760 Col. 579 Saliva t Z.16.a. N4-60 W68030' Ven. Col. 457
SALIVAN Z.16. Ven. Col.
Quindio t J.3.d.6.(1). N40 W75030' Col. 655
Salivan (Eastern) = Piaroan
Quindora Z.2.b.a.(8). N8055 W70055' Ven. 408
Salivan (Western) = Saliva
Quingnam t Z.3.a.p.(4). s80 W790 Peru 956
Quinguihaxi = Cofan
Saluma Z.39. N10301 W560301 Br. 903
Quinhao = Guinao
Sama t Z.39. S17050' W71020' Peru 1116
Quinimari = Quenemari
Samuca = Zamuco [.Z.28.a.a.(l).]
Quino t Z.2.b.6.(3). N8010-30' W70050 -71V20' Ven. Sanamaica

408 Z.39. S120 W61030' Br. 1250
Quipea t Z.33.a.a. S70 W370 Br. 1552 Sanapana Z.27.e. S220 W580301 Para. 1697
Quirinairi K.3.d.a.(8). Sll0 W730? Peru 1070 Sanaviron t Z.39. S300 W640 Arg. 1785
San Blas I.2.a.p.(4).(b). N90 W78-9a Pan. 349
Quiriquire t? J.l.a.p.(13). N10025' w66030T Ven. 388
Sanco = Cuzco [N.l.b.a.(2).]
Quiriquire J.3.a.y.(l).(h). N9030'-10020' W71010-20-
Ven. 406 Sanha t? I.2.d.p.(5). Nll W730 Col. 526
QUIRIQUIREAN J.3.a.y.(l). Ven. Saninaua Q.l.e.6.(l). S80 W72030 Br. 1316
quiriguiripa Z.39. N50 W640 N70 W650t Ven. 478 Saninauaca Q.l.e.6.(2). $90 W720 Br. 1303
SANINAUAN Q.1.e.6. Br.
Quiriri = Dzubucua
San Miguel = Sucumbio
Quiriticoci M.l.a3 .(1).(b).(P).viii. S15-160 W63-40
Bol. 1163 Sanquelche = Ranquelche
Quirora Z.2.c. N8030' W71030'? Ven. 408 San Regino Z.10.b.,.? S40 W740 Peru 930
Quirruba K.2.e.a.(2). N50 W700 Col. 629 Sansimoniano t Z.25.c.a.(2).? S140 W630 Bol. 1155
Santa Crucino = Aguano
Quispicanchi = Cuzco [N.1.b.a.(2).]
Quitemoca Z.25.a.. (1). S160 W630 Bol. 1162 Santa Cruz D.7.a.p.(1).(a).(a). N200 W880 Mex. 222
QUITEMOCAN Z.25.a.p. Bol. Santa Maria P.2.a.a.(5). S10301 W740301? Peru; Ec.
Quiturran = Iquito
Santa Rosina [M.3.a.p.] = Oa
Quixo t? Z.39. 0-S10 W75030'-770 Ec. 791
Santa
Rabinal D.7.b.p.(1). N1510' W90025' Guate. 240 Rosina [Z.13.d.] = Canelo
Sante t Z.13.c.? S20 w780 Ec. 784
Rabona t Z.39. S50 W78?30 ? Peru 947
Racalet = Aracaret Santiago Z.9.a.a.(5). 550 W780 Peru 921
Rache Z.23.a.n. S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166Santiago del Estero N.l.o. S28061 W63030 Arg. 1756
Rama I.2.d.y.(l). N120 W840 Nic. 310 Sapai = Suppaye
Ramarama t? M.l.b.y.(3).(i).(a). S90 W610 Br. 1239 Sapara J.l.b.a.(8). N3 W610 N2030' W61030't Br. 8
RAMARAMAN M.l.b.y.(3).(i). Br. Saparuna Z.7.e.e. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Ramcocamecra L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(a).iii S5040' W450 Br. Sapibocona t Z.7.c.7. S150 W670? Bol. 1142
1518 sapu0a t Z.33.b. S12030' W400 Br. 1571
Rangu = Tirio Sapuqui Z.27.f. S230 W590 Para. 1702
Sara P.l.c.p.(2). S20' W69050' Col. 725
Ranquelche S.l.b.a.(2). S35?40' W64040' Arg. Saraveca
Rariguara t M.1.b.a.(2).(g). ? Br. 1487
17 K.4.c. S150 W60o30o Br.; Bol.? 1227
Remo Q.l.c.. (1). S80 W740 Peru 1045 Sarigue t R.2.a.y.(l). S2105' W580 Para. 1691
REMOAN Q.l.c.p. Peru Br. Sasaricon t L.5.a.6. S220 W420 Br. 1616
Sayaco = Amahuaca
Resigero t? M.2.e.? S10 W720 Col. 741
Rheno = Remo Sayma = Chayma
Riama J.l.c.p.(1).(e).? N30' W700? Col. 708 Sayula D.l.h.a.(2). N17050 W94057' Mex. 198
Riicahe = Abipon Sayulteca t D.3.a.n.M2).(d). N19015 Wl04o40 N19050'
Rimachu = Maina [Z.39. ]i W103o25' Mex. 126
Roamaina [Z.I1.] = Omurano Scyri = Cara
Roamaina t? Z.1.c.? S30' W760 Peru 802 Sebondoy

Rocorona = Sansimoniano Seburuco tZ.1.a.
Z.39.N1050'
N7030'W760 Col.Ven.
W72030 69 30
RORAIMA J.l.b.a. Ven. Br.G. Sur. Br. Sec t 2.39. S5-6030' w810 Peru 949
Rotocona = Sansimoniano Sechura t Z.39. S50 w810 Peru 950
Seco = (?) Paya [H.9.] Sotiagay = Axluslay
Secoya-Gai P.2.a.a.(3). S20 W750? Peru; Ec.? 792 SOUTH AMERICAN LANGUAGE FAMILIES (SINGLE UNCLASSIFIED
Z.
SELCNAM T.2.b. Arg. Chile
SOUTH AMERICAN LANGUAGES (SINGLE UNCLASSIFIED) Z.39.
Selcnam (Norte) T.2.b.a. S530 0W680 Arg. Chile 1817
Ssimacu = Urarina
Selcnam (Sur) T.2.b.p. S540 W680 Arg. Chile 1818
Semigae t? M.3.b.y.(8). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru?Suasimi
788 t I.2.b.a.(7). N8050' W820 Pan. 337
SEMIGAEAN M.3.b.y. Ec. Subinha t D.7.a.B.(3).(a). N15030' w91030'? 228
SUB-TAINO K.1.a.. (2). Cuba Jam.
Sensi Q.l.a.a.(3).(a).(n). S6030' W750 Peru 1040
SENSIAN Q.l.a.a.(3). (a). Peru SUB-TAINO (CUBAN) K.1.a.. (2).(a). Cuba
Sensivo = Sensi SUB-TAINO (JAMAICAN) K.l.a.P.(2).(b). Jam.
Senyo t? Z.39. 0 W760 Col. 758 Subtiaba t E.l.b. N120450 W87010' Nic. 297
Subtiaba-Tlapanec = Supanecan
Serecong Z.39. N50 W600 Br.G. 510
Seri E.l.a.b.(l). N28030' W112035 Mex. 20
Suchichi t Z.39. $6030' W760 Peru 1015
Sericuma = Terecuma Sucumbio t? Z.39. N30 W760 Col. 759
Serrano S.2.a.a.(l). S43-530 W72-40 Chile 1768 Sucurlyu = Moriuene
Serrano t Z.39. N20 W76030 ? Col. 687 Suerre I.2.a.a.(7). N1030' W83030' C.R. 314
Seta = Ivapare Suhin = Axluslay
Setebo Q.l.a.a.(3).(c). S6-90 W740 Peru 1035 Suia L.l.a.T. 'S105-15' W52030't S130 W520 Br. 144
SETEBOAN Q.l.a.a.(3). Peru Sula = Palmar [H.8.b. ]
Seuacu t Z.6.f. S70 W650 S7030' W670 Br. 1335Suma t D.3.a.S.(3).(c).(B).i. N310 W106-90 Mex. 36
SUMAN D.3.a.C.(3).(a).(B). Mex.
Seueni M.2.a.7. Slo W740? Col. 751
Shapra = Zapa Sumo I.l.b.T.(5). N140 W84-50 Hond. Nic. 268
Shelknam = Selcnam SUMO I.1.b.y. Hond. Nic.
SUMOAN I.l.b. Nic. Hond.
Shikiana = Chiquena
Shimigae = Semigae SUMOAN (UNCLASSIFIED) I.l.b.6. Nic.; Hond.?
Shocleng [1.2.b.] = Chocren Sumo-Sirpe t I.l.d. N13025' W83040 ? Nic. 290
Shocleng [M.l.a.a.(5).] = Ivapare
Sunesua t Z.39. N7?305 W71?030 Ven. 433
Shuara = Jivaro Sunyo = Senyo
Shucuru = Chucuru Suo = Chao
Siacuas = Magach SUPANECAN E.l.b. Mex. Salv. Nic-.
Siaviri = Gae Supe = Huaura
Siberi t? Z.39. S16030' W580 Bol. 1181 Supinu M.3.c.e. S20 W760? Peru; Ec.?
Suppaye t? Z.39. N40 W52030' Fr.G. 1407
Sicacao J.3.a.a.(2).(f). N90-9030 W72030-50' Ven. 422
Sicasica N.2. S170 W67030 Bol. 1129 Suri = Juri [Z.39. (S260 W640)]
Sicluna t? Z.39. S50301 W740? Peru 937 Surucusi = Socorino
Sicuane Z.18.a.a.(2). N50 W690 Col. 628 Susaca t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430
Sigua t D.3.a.n.(2).(a).(a).iv. N9030' W930 Pan. 330 Tabalosa t 2.39. S6030 W770 Peru 1015
Sikena = Chiquena Tabancal t 2.39. S50 W78040' Ec.; Peru? 920
Silam t I.l.b.6. N14040' W840 Nic. 282 Tabay t Z.2.b.B.(3). N8035 W71020' Ven. 408
Siliama Z.7.e.L. S140 W680 Bol. 1132 Tabayara = Tobajara
Simacu = Urarina Tabayon = Tabay
Tabiica Z.4.a.6.(2). S150 W600? Bol. 1176
Simaraca t Z.39. N7030' W720301 Ven. 430
Similaton H.7. N140 W87055' Hond. 258 Tabuya t J.3.b.6. N5030 W760 Col. 578
Simoo = Sumo
Tacacho t H.10. N120?30 W870 Nic. 298
Tacana D.7.b.a.(l). N15010 W92015'? Mex. 203
Simirinch K.3.d.p.(4). Sllo W740 Peru 1062
Tacana z.7.e.o. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Sinabo Q.3.a.6.
Sinabo Q.l.a.a.(2).(a).(B).?
S120 W660 $8030' W750 Peru
Bol. 1150 TACANA1042
Z.7.e. Bol.
SINABOAN Q.l.a.a.(2).(a). Peru TACANAN Z.7. Bol. -
Sinabu t? Z.39. S80 W74a? Peru 1045 Tacaneco D.7.b.a.(l). N15o10' W92015'? Mex. 203
Sinacantan t? H.5. N1405' W90022' Guate. 244 Tacarigua t? Z.39. N100 W670 Ven. 386
Sinca = Xinca Tachira t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430
Tachuite
Sindagua t I.2.a.P.(l).(f). N20201 W770 Col.Z.30.a.(1).()(f).
685 S130 W600? Br. 1236
Sinipe = Chunupi Tacrat = Moro
Sinsiga I.2.d.a.(3). N60 W730 Col. 604 Tacruccrac t Z.39. S180 W430? Br. 1599
Sioni P.2.a.p. S30 -N30 W75-75303 Col. Ec. Peru 754 Tacuatib Z.39. Sllo W61030' Br. 1247
Sipo = Cipo Tacumbu = Magach
Siguisaye Z.2.c.? N90301 W700321 Ven. 407 Tacunbiaco t? Z.39. S180 W63030' Bol. 1169
Sirgara t Z.39. N7030 W72030 1 Ven. 430 Tacunhape t M.l.b.y.(2).(b). $40 W530 Br. 1381
Sirineri K.3.d.E. S120 W710 Peru 1074 Tafalle Z.2.b.a.(9). N8052' W70050' Ven. 408
Siriono M.l.a.p.(l).(c).(E). S130 W630 S14-150 W61-20 Tagare t J.l.a.p.(ll).(a). N100 w640 Ven. 378
S16-170 W63-50 Bol. 1158 Tage [L.l.a.a.(2).(a).(p). = Crenge (Bacabal)
SIRIONOAN M.l.a.p.(l).(c). Bol. Tage [L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(e). = Crenge (Cajuapara)
Sisinga = Sinsiga Tagnanl Z.30.a.p.(1).(c). S130 W600 Br. 1235
Sisinpari t? Z.39. S90 W760 Peru 1024 Taguaca = Tauahca
Situfa t? Z.39. N7010 W700? Col. 618 Tahami t J.3.b.p.(l).(b). N7030' W74030' Col. 552
Siuci K.2.f.a.(9).(a). N10-1015' W68020-30' Br. 835 Tahuantisuyo = Quechuan (Southern)
SIUCIAN K.2.f.a.(9). Br. Tahue t D.3.a.. (2). (c). (a). N24-25030' W107-80 Mex. 72
Sobaibo = Sabaibo TAHUEAN D.3.a.C.(2(.(c). Mex.
Soboibo Q.l.d .. (2).(a). Sll W740 Peru 1063 Tahulgi = Phoi
SOBOIBOAN Q.l.d.B.(2). Peru Tahuru-ina K.4.b.p.(2). S13? W580? Br. 1222

Soboyo = Soboibo Taia = (?) Paya [H.9.1
Socomba Z.39. N100 W730 Col. 538 Taijatof z.38.h. S500 W750? Chile 1815
Soconusca = Tapachulteco I Tain t L.2.c.a. S250 W53030'? Br. 1656
Socorino t? Z.39. S17058' W570 Br. 1215 TAINO K.l.a.p.(1). Haiti P.R. S.Dom.
TAINO (HAITIAN) K.l.a.9.(1).(a). S.Dom. Haiti
Soliman t M.l.b.6.(2).(d).? S40 W62-30 Br. 1363
TAINO (PORTORICAN) K.l.a.. (l).(b). P.R.
Solomeco D.7.a.. W63-50
(3) . (a).
Bol.N15040' W91025 227
Soloto Z.24.a. 516-170 1167 Taioba t? M.1l.a.a.(1).(g). S23030 W540 Br. 1644
Solteco t G.4.b. N16040' W96045 Mex. 185 Taipechichi M.l.b.y.(3).(a).(E). 9030' W55030T--r.
Sope = Macu [Z.39.]
Sora t Z.39. S13040 W73030 Peru 1098 Taira t? Z.39. N3030 W53? Fr.G. 141
Tarma
Tairona t K.l.b.a.(4).? N11020' W74045' t Z.39. S11030' W760 Peru 986
Col. 528
Taje = Creye (Cajuapara) Taroqueo t? M.3.a.a.(1). S3 W77 Peru; Ec.? 800
Takshik = Toba Taruma t? M.l.a.a.(2).(J). S240 W560 Br. Para. 1672
TALAMANCA I.2.a.a. C.R. Pan. Taruma t? Z.39. N30 W590 Br.G.; S30 W600t Br. 892
TALAMANCA (UNCLASSIFIED) I.2.a.a.(14). C.R. Pan. Tarute Z.30.a.B.(1).(e). S130 W600? Br. 1236
Tallan t Z.39. S4030 W810 Peru 950 Tatey = Tatuy
Taluche S.3.a. S35-400 W650 Arg. 1775 Tatimolo D.8.a. N19040'-200 W96045' Mex. 177
Taluhet = Taluche Tatiquilhati D.8.a. N200251 W97020 1 Mex. 177
Tatu [K.2.f.y.(1).]
Tama P.2.b.B.(1). N4030' W730 Nlo W750 Col. 650 = Adzaneni
TAMA P.2.b.B. Col. Tatu [P.l.b.C.] = Pamoa
Tamacoci = Tamococi Tatuy t Z.2.b.B.(17). N8034' W71o20' Ven. 408
Tamainde Z.30.a.B.(2). S120 W600? Br. 1236
Tauahca I.l.b.y.(1). N14-150 W84-60 Hond. Nic. 266
Tamainde Z.30.b.7. S120 W590? Br. 1238 TAUAHCAN I.l.b.y.(1). Hond. Nic.
Tamalameque t Z.39. N90 W740 Col. 539 Tauare 0.8.c. S60 W690? Br. 1342
Tamana t J.3.d.B.(1).? N50 W750 Col. 587 TAUAREAN 0.8. Br.
Tamanaco t Z.39. N70 W650 Ven. 480 Tauari = Tauarean
Tamaulipeco t E.l.c.B. N22040'-240 W970451-98030 Mex. Tauira I.l.a. N14-150 W840 Nic. 267
102 Tauite Z.30.a.B.(1).(d). S130 W600 Br. 1236
Tamazulapa G.2.a. N17040 W97035' Mex. 180 Taulipang = Taurepan
Tamazulteca = Xilotlantzinca-Tamazulteca
Taurepan J.l.b.a.(3).(b). N3?30'-50 W61030' Ven. Br.
Tambopata-Guarayo = Tiatinagua 498
Tame t? Z.39. N7030' W710 Col. 610 Ta'uushn = Teuex
Tameono = Tomoeno TAVEN L.2.c. Br.
Tamoco t Z.39. N7030' W720301 Ven. 430 Tayaga = Tayagua

Tamococi t? Z.39. S180 W630 Bol. 1171 Tayagua K.l.b.B.(2).(a).? N79 W670 Ven. 446
Tamocom t? Z.39. N30 - 0 W530 Br. 1429 Tayatomo t Z.39. N7030' W7330 ? Col. 593
Tamoia t M.l.b.a.(2).(m).? S160 W450 Br. 1623 Tayni t Z.39. S23020' W640 Arg. 1719
Tamoio t M.l.b.a.(2).(h). S220 W41o30'-450 Br. 1617 Tebaca t D.3.a.C.(2).(f). N24030' W106030' Mex. 74
Tamoio [M.l.b.a.(2).(m).] = Tamoia Techbi I.2.a.a.(14). N9030' W820301 Pan.; C.R.? 332
Tampa K.3.d.a.(10). Sllo301 W75030' Peru 1056 Teco t Z.39. N7030' W76030'? Col. 557
Tampo [N.l.b.a.(2).] = Cuzco Teco-Tecoxquin t D.3.a.n.(2).(d).? N210 W105030'
Tampo Z.39. S170 W720 Peru 1113 N20015 W102?40 N18040 1 W1030 Mex. 111
Tamprun t L.5.a.y. S220 W420? Br. 1616 Tecua t K.l.b.B.(3).? N50 W730 Col. 602
Tamud = Caquetio Tecual t D.3.a.n.(1).(b). N21030' W104o30- N220
Tanimboca = Opaina W104030' Mex. 117
Tanquihua t Z.39. S13030t W73030 Peru 1099 Tecuexe t D.3.a.n.(2).(f).? N220301 W103? Mex. 120
Tanygua t? M.l.a.a.(2).(i). S240 W540 Br. 1646 Tehuantepec G.4.a. N16o20' W95015' Mex. 188
Tanyo = Tayni Tehueco t D.3.a.C.(2).(a). N26020' W1080 Mex. 65
Tao Z.4.a.6.(1). S150 W600? Bol. 1176 TEHUELCHE t? T.1. Arg.
TAOAN Z.4.a.6. Bol. Tehuelche (Northern) [T.l.b.a.] = Payniquen
Tapa = Colima [J.3.a.E.(1).(d).] TEHUELCHE (NORTHERN) T.l.b. Arg.
Tapachulteco I t D.l.h.7. N14055 W92015' Mex. 201 (Southern) = Inaquen
Tehuelche
Tapachulteco II t D.7.b.6.? N140551 W92015 Mex. 202
Telembi t Z.39. N20 W780? Col. 687
Tapacua = Chavante [L.l.b.a.(2).] Telicon = Purl
Tapacura = Chapacura Teluski I.2.b.a.(7). N8050' W820? Pan. 337

Tapanhuna t? M.I.b.y.(3).(b).(P). S10-120 W560 Er. 1374
Tembe M.l.b.y.(l).(e).(B). S2-50 W46030'-4
Tapano Z.2.b ..(3). N8030 W71045 -72020 Ven. 408= Chiriguano
Tembeta
TAPANOAN Z.2.b.E. Ven. Temimino = Timimino
Taparita t? Z.39. N70 W670 Ven. 448 Temomeyeme = Guinao

Taparito t? J.l.b.a.(16).? N6030' W650Temomoyamo
Ven. =482Guinao
Taparro = Tapano Temori t D.3.a.C.(2).(e). N27020' W108010' Mex. 54
Tapay = Tabay Tene t H.11. N190101 W104025'? Mex. 135
Tape t M.l.a.a.(1).(d). S300 W530 Br. 1669 Tenek = Huasteco
Tapicari Z.39. N20 W610301 Br. 868 TENETEHARA M.l.b.y. ().(e). Br.
Tenti Q.l.a.a.(3).(a).(E). S60301 W750? Peru 1040
Tapiete M.l.a.B.(5). S19-210 W620 Bol. Para. 1204
Tapiete [R.1.a.B.(2).] = Axluslay Tepahue t D.3.a.(.(2).(b).(6). N270 W1090 Mex. 46
Tapii t Z.29.b.C.? S17? W600 Bol. 1192 TEPAHUEAN D.3.a.C (2).(b). Mex.
Tepaneca t D.3.a.r.(2).(a).(a).(2). N190301 W990? Mex.
Tapiira K.2.f.a.(10). N1040 W69030' Col. Br. 639
Tapiitin = Apiaca [M.l.b.y.(3).(b).(a).] 147
Tapirape M.l.a.y.(1). Sllo W520 Br. 1466 Tepecano D.3.a.e.(2).(b).(B). N220 W1030 Mex. 121
Tapiraua =Anta [M.l.b.y.(1).(g).(y).] Tepehua D.8.b. N20025-35' W97045'-98010' Mex. 176
Tapixulapan D.l.h.a.(3). N17o28 W92046' Mex. TEPEHUANE
207 D.3.a.e.(2). Mex.
Taquete t Z.5.b.e. S240 W630 Arg. 1738 Tepehuane (Norte) D.3.a.e.(2).(a). N24-70 W1040 Mex. 95
Tepehuane (Sur) D.3.a.e.(2).(b).(a). N230 W1030 Mex. 9
Taquial D.7.b.a.(1). N15o10' W92015 ? Mex. 203
TARACAHITIAN D.3.a.C. Mex. TEPEHUANE (SUR) D.3.a.e.(2).(b). Mex.
Taracum = Terecuma
Tepetlxteca t H.11. N17o15' W100010'? Mex. 163
Tarahumara D.3.a.C.(1). N26030'-29030' W106-8030' Mex. N28030' W112030' Mex. 23
Tepoca t E.l.a.6.(4).
41
Tepocanteca t H.10. N2105 W103025 ? Mex. 84
Tarairiru = Tarairiu
Tepqui t? Z.39. S90 W760 Peru 1007
Tarairiu t Z.39. S60 W37030' Br. 1542
Tepuzculano G.2.a. N17030' W97?30 Mex. 180
Tarama = Tarma
Tegue t? Z.39. N10030' W670 Ven. 391
Tarapaca t Z.39. S18-200 W69-700 Chile; Peru? 1198
Tegula t Z.39. N60301 W730 Col. 607
Tarapecosi = Chiquito [Z.4.a.E.]
Tequistlateco E.l.a.E. N16015 W950?0' Mex. 187
Tarapita = Otomaco TEQUISTLATECAN E.1.a.E. Mex.
Tarasco H.1. N180301-20020 W10130 -1030 Mex. Terecuma
140 t? Z.39. S3o W590? Br. 876
Tarata t Z.39. S17030 W70030' Peru 1118
Tariaca t? I.2.a.a.(8). N9050 W83020'? C.R. 319 Teremembe
1503 t? Z.39. $3030 W400 S3o W440t S40 W400t Br.
Tariana K.2.f.6.(1). N15-30' W68020-50' Br. 832 Tereno K.4.d.a.(2). S200 W590t 521050' W58030't Para.;
TARIANAN K.2.f.6. Br. S210 W560 S210 W57?t Br. 1678
Tariba t Z.39. N7030 W72030' Ven. 430 Terenohe = Panh
Terraba I.2.a.a.(9). N9030' Tobatin
W82o40' t? M.l.a.a.(1).(e).
Pan. S230 W570
331 Para. 1675
TERRABAN I.2.a.a.(9). Pan. Toboso t B.2.b. N280301-290301 W1020 Mex. 100
Teueia J.1.b.a.(5).(b). N40 W60020' Br. 891 Toboyara = Tobajara
Teuex t? T.l.a. S48-500 W680 Arg. 1810 Toche t J.3.d.6.(4). N40 W760? Col. 654
Teuiana = Tsola Toco t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430
Teul t? D.3.a.j.(2).(b). N21035' W10310 Mex. Tocolo t 2.39. S140 W410 Br. 1579
Teul-Chichimeca t D.3.a.8.(2).(c).? N21o25 W10310Tocowit = Toba
Mex. 122 Tocoyenne t? Z.39. N40 W520 Fr.G. 1408

Teuta t Z.39. 322010 I640 Arg. 1717 Togaima Z.39. N80 W740 Col. 543
Texistepec D.1.h.a.(2). N17050' W94k47' Mex. 200 Toituna t Z.39. N7030 ' 72030' Ven. 430
Texome t H.11. N180 W99015' Mex. 171 Tojolabal D.7.a.B.(2).(b). N160 15 W920-920
Tezcateca t H.11. N170 W99055 ? Mex. 164 208
Tholomeo J.3.a.y.(1).(f). N90301-10020 W71010-20' Ven. TOJOLABALOID D.7.a.B.(2). Mex. Guate.
406 Tojar I.2.a.a.(14). N90301 W820201 Pan. 333
Thorasque = Dorasco Tolima Z.39. N80 W740 Col. 543
Thuruana = Ihuruana Tolimeca t H.10. N180 W1020 Mex. 157
Tiam t H.11. N19035 W1030201? Mex. 137 Tolteca-Chichimeca t D.3.a..(2).(b).? N2005' W99020'
Tiatinagua Z.7.f.4. S13-150 W690 Peru; Bol.? 1077
Mex.; Guate.? 148
TIATINAGUAN Z.7.f. Peru Bol. Tolu t J.3.b.a.(1).(c).? N90 W760 Col. 533
Tibacuno = Tihuacano Tomateca t H.11. N190551 W105015 ? Mex. 131
Tibicuay t Z.2.b.B.(24).(d). N8032 W710361 Ven. 408 Tomocom = Tamocom
Tice t I.2.a.a.(12).? N9050' W83050'? Tomoeno

C.R. 317 Z.28.a.B.(4). S190 W590? Bol.; Para.? 1206
Ticoporo Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Tomoni Z.2.a.B.(3). N9015' W70030 Ven. 407
Ticuna = Tucuna
Tomoporo t? J.3.a.y.(1).(g).? N90 W71o30' Ven. 406
Tonaiena Ven.
Tiguinyo t Z.2.b.B.(24).(J)(.? N8032' W71036' Z.39. N20 W570 Br. 896
408
TIHUACANAN Z.12.a. Ec. Tonaz t G.1.a.6.(2). N210 W1000? Mex. 150
Tihuacano Z.12.a.a. S10 W770 Ec. 789 Tonocote t Z.39. S260 W6430I' Arg. 1761
Tonojo Z.2.c.? N90 W710? Ven. 407
Timalatia K.4.b.B.(3). S130 W580? Br. 1222
Timana t? Z.39. Nlo W760 Col. 695 Tonono t Z.39. N7030' W720301 Ven. 430
Timayo t? Z.39. S100 W770? Peru 1012 Toosle = Enimaca
Timba t I.2.b.B.(1).? N3030' W770 Col. 661 Topiame t D.3.a.C.(2).(f). N25015' W106035 Mex. 73
Timbira [L.l.a.a.(2).(b).(E).] = Crenge (Cajuapara) Topocoro J.3.a.y.(1).(a). N9030'-10020' W71010-20' Ven.
Timbira t L.l.b.B.(4). S6030' W430 Br. 1537 406
TIMBIRA L.l.a.a. Br.
Topoyo J.3.a.y.(1).(b). N9030'-10020' W71010-20 Ven.
Timbira (East) = Hoti 406
Timbira (West) = Apinage Toguegua t D.7.a.B.(1).(b).(B).? N15020' W88040' Guate.
Timbu t Z.39. S330 w600 Arg. 1796 Hond. 251
Tmimino t M.1.b. a.(2).(i). S19-200 W40-410 Br. 1612 Toqueoreo = Guallpayo
Timinaha [Z.28.b.a.] = Chamacoco Toquistine t? Z.5.a.B.(2). 2250 w640 Aig. 1760
Timinaha [Z.28.b.a.(3).] = Tumereha Tora M.l.a.B.(2).? S6030' W61040' Br. 1365
Timirem t? J.2.a.y.(2). S40301 W50030' Br. 1483 Tora t Z.25.b.a. S80 W61030'-630 290 W63040'? Br. 1368
Timote Z.2.b.a.(12). N8050' W70030'-710 Ven. 408 Toro t J.2.b.6.? N50 W770 Col. 570
TIMOTE Z.2.b.a. Ven.
Toromaina t? Z.39. N10030' W670 Ven. 390
TIMOTEAN Z.2.b. Ven.
Toromona Z.7.e.h. S130 W680 Bol. 1135
Tingan t? Z.39. S90 W760 Peru 1025 Torondoy Z.2.b.y.(3). N90 W71015' Ven. 408
Tinigua Z.17.b. N40301 W740 Col. 652TORONDOYAN Z.2.b.y. Ven.
Tiputinl Z.12.a.B.? S10 W770 Ec. 789 Tororo t Z.39. N7030-50 W71050'-72040' Ven. 430
Tiquie Z.19.b.B. Slo0 W690 Br. 813 Torresque = Dorasco
TostoVen.
Tiranda Z.2.a.y.(4).(d). N9010-30 W70040o Z.2.a.B.(1).
407 N9015' W70032 Ven. 407
TIRANDAN Z.2.a.y.(4). Ven. TOSTOAN Z.2.a.B. Ven.
Tiranja Z.2.a.B.(2). N9015' W70030 Ven. 407 Tote t Z.39. N7030 W72030' Ven. 0o
Tirapara t Z.39. N7030' W72030' Ven. 430 Toto t? J.1.b.a.(18).? N60 W660? Ven. 475
Tiribi = Terraba
Totomaco t? J.1.b.a.(17).? N60 W660? Ven. 474
Totonaco
Tirinie M.l.a.B.(1).(c).(B). S170 W630? Bol,D.8.a.1158
N19030'-20045' W96030'-980 Mex. 177
Tirio Z.39. N301 W57045 ? Br. 905 TOTONACAN D.8. Mex.
Tirribi I.2.a.a.(11). N90301 W8240'Totorame

? Pan. 331
t D.3.a.n.(1).(a).(B). N20-22030' W105-70 Mex.
Tiruaca Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 110
Tirumbae = Tapiete [M.l.a.B.(5).] Totoro I.2.c.p.(1). N30 W770? Col. 672

Tivericoto t? J.1.c.a.(8). 0 W620 Br. 870 Towka = (?) Paya [H.9.]
Tivitiva = Guarau Towothli = Enimaca
Tixteca = Tepetixteca Tramalhys = Trumai

Tricagua t Z.2.b.6.(11). N7030' W71025-451 Ven. 408
Tlacotepehua-Tepuzteca t H.10. N170-1740' W99030'-1000
Mex. 165 Trio J.1.c.a.(5).? N30 W55-70 Sur. 518
Tlaltempaneca t H.11. N20010' W104045'? Mex. 128 Trique G.l.d. N17010-15' W97045-50' Mex. 181
Tlapaneco E.l.b. N170-17030' W98-90 Mex. 178 Trompetero t? Z.39. S80 W740 Peru 1045
Tlatiman D.7.b.a.(1). N15010' W92015'? Mex. 203 Trumai t? Z.39. S13051 W540t S12015 W540 S120301 W540
Tlatzihuizteca t H.11. N17020' W99040'? Mex. 166 Br. 1463
Tlaxiaco G.2.a. N170151 W97035 1 Mex. 180 Tsahatsaha J.l.c.B.(1).(c). S10'-N35' W7105-25' Col.
Tl0ometesem = Oyaricoulet 703
Tsaina P.l.c.p.(4). S25' W69030'? Col.; Br.? 721
Toa 412
t? K.1.b.a.(3).(a).? N10050' W720 N10030' W72 Ven.
Tsiracua Z.28.a.7.(1). S18030' W610 Bol.; S19-200 W610?
Toantesu Z.30.b.B. S120 W590? Br. 1238 Bol. Para. 1205
Toba R.2.b.a.(1).(i). S220 W620 Para.; Bol.?; Tsola P.l.b.p.(2).(b). S20' W69035-551 Col.
S23045' W610 250 w600 250 W58030'-590 2260 W590
Tsoloa P.l.c.B.(5). S201 W70025-451 Col. 73
S270 W600 Arg. 1707 Tsuva = Suia
TOBA R.2.b.a.(1). Para. Arg. Bol.? Tubar t? D.3.a.5.(2).(c).(6). N270 W10705

Tobajara t? M.l.b.a.(2).(J). S10451 W46030't S3oTubara
W449t t Z.39. NlO0 W750 Col. 535
Tubichamini t? Z.39. S380 W610? Arg. 1802
$3-50
1500 W410t 270 W350t 270301 w350 s80 W35t Br.
Tucana = Tacana [Z.7.e.o.]
TOBAN R.2.b.a. Arg. Para. Bol. Tucani Z.2.b.y.(2). N80501 W71025 Ven. 408
Turrin
Tucano P.l.b.a.(1). N30' W690-69025' S5-10' t I.2.a.p.(3). No10 W850? C.R. 307
W67015-40'
S5-201 W68025 -69020' Br. 820 Turriu = Turrin
TUCANO P.1.b.a. Br. Turuaco = Turbaco
TUCANOAN P. Col. Ec. Ven. Br. Turuara = Turiuara
TUCANOAN (EASTERN) P.1. Col. Br. Turucaca t I.2.a.a.(14).? N8050' W83025'? C.R. 327
TUCANOAN (WESTERN) P.2. Peru Ec. Col. Tutapixo = Coto
TUCANO-TUYUCA P.l.b. Col. Br. Tutuapa D.7.b.a.(1). N150101 W920151? Mex. 203
Tucanugu t Z.39. S150 W410 Br. 1580 Tuxteca t H.11. N18020t W990? Mex. 172
Tucape t Z.39. N70301 W720301 Ven. 430 Tuya t z.37.a.p. s30o W650? Arg. 17
Tucapuya t Z.39. N7030 1 W720301 Ven.Tuyuca 430 t? P.l.b.B.(1). 0-N25' W69055 Br. 821
Tucha Z.39. S90 W38020' Br. 1562 TUYUCA P.1.b.B. Col. Br.
Tuchinaua Q.1.f.S. S90301 W720 Br. 1300 Tuyuneri Z.39. S12030' W70-10 Peru 1076
Tucuco J.3.a.a.(1).(b). N90 W730 Ven. 423 Twahca = Tauahca
Tucuco J.3.a.a.(2).(g). N90-9030' W72030-50' Ven. 422 Tzeltal D.7.a.. (2).(a). N16045'-17015' W92-9203
Tucumafed t Z.39. S110301 W61030' Br. 1245 210
Tucumano = Quechua (Argentino) TZELTALOID D.7.a.. (2).(a). Mex.

Tucuna Z.39. S30 W68-71015' S40 W700 Br. 810 Tzendal = Tzeltal
Tucundiapa 0.9. S70 W720 Br. 1323 Tzinacanteca = Tzotzil
Tucuo Z.2.c. N80 W710? Ven. 408 Tzotzil D.7.a.B.(2).(a). N16030'-17015' W92030'-930 Mex.
Tucupi Z.23.a. . S15-170 W670 Bol. 1166 209
Tzotzlem = Tzotzil
Tucurrigue I.2.a.a.(6).
TUCURRIQUE N10?300
I.2.a.a.(6). C.R. W83030r? C.R. 313 Tzutuhil D.7.b.B.(1). N14030' W910151 Gua
Tuei = Inemodicama Uaboi t Z.39. Sl130' W580? Br. 880
Tuey = Sabela Uadioparanindiapa 0.8.b. S60 W690 Br. 1343
Tuin t Z.39. N7030' W76030'? Col. 557 Uadzoli K.2.f.a.(1).(c). Nlo W670? Br. 840
TuJetge = Machicui Uaiai = Paumari
Tule I.2.a.B.(4).(b). N90 W78-90 Pan. 349 Uaiana [J.1.a.B.(5).(d).] = Oiana

Tulumayo t? 2.39. S90 W760 Peru 1024 Uaiana P.l.b.y.(1). N20-35' W690551-70?20' Br.; Col.
Tumaco t 2.39. N20 W780? Col. 687 823
Tumanaha = Chamacoco UAIANAN P.l.b.7. Br. Col.
Tumapasa Z.7.e.K. S140 680? Bol. 1132 Uaica J.1.b.a.(6). N70 W59-610 Ven. Br.G. 504
Tumba = Tungla
Uaica Z.15.a.B. N1030'-20 W62-40 N3?03' W630307
Tumbez t Z.3.b.B. S30301 W810 Ec. 781 N40 W620t Br.; N2-30 W640 N30 W650 Ven. 860
Tumereha Z.28.b.a.(3). S220 W580301 Para. 1696 Uaicana P.1.b.y.(3).? N25-50' W68050' Br. 829
Tumpi = Tumbez Uaicoacore = Nhambicuara
Tumuza t? Z.39. N100301 W660 Ven. 387 Uaieue = Uaiuai

Tunaca = Tunacho
Uaimare K.4.b.a.(2). S130 W570? Br. 1225
Tunacho Z.28.b.y. S20030' W590 Para. 1688 Uaimiri J.l.d.y. N30 -S30 W60-10 Br. 886
Tunaiana = Tonaiena
Uainamari K.3.c.1. S90 W690 Br. 1334
Tunebo t? I.2.d.a.(4).? N7020' W72030' Col. 608 Uainana P.1.b.y.(4).? N35' W70030' Col. 706
Tungla t? I.l.d. N13045' W840 '? Nic. 285 Uaintazu Z.30.a.B.(1).(a). S13-140 W590 Br. 1230
Tunia t Z.39. N30 W770? Col. 680 Uainuma K.2.f.E.(1). S20 W69030 -700 Br. 812
Tunqui t? I.l.b.y.(2).(c). N13 07-14030 W85-60 Nic. Uaioro Z.39. S12030' W620 Br. 1256
272 Uaipis = Puinave
Tupancal D.7.b.a.(1). N150101 W920151? Mex. 203 Uaiquena = Piratapuyo

Tupari Z.39. S120 W620 Br. 1259 Uaiguiare J.1.b.. (2).(b). N60 W670 Ven. 471
Tupe t? Z.39. N8030' W740 Col.; Ven.? 542 Uaiuai J.1.c.a.(3). N30' W59030' N10 W600t N1020'
Tup t M.1.b.a.(2).(n). S220 W45-70 S250 W470 W590 Br. 888
S27030'-280 W550 Br. 1629 Uaiumare t? J.1.b.a.(9). N2-30 W63030't N30 W610t? Br.
TUPIAN M.l.b. Br. Peru Fr.G.
TUPIAN (ARAGUAIA) M.l.b.y.(1). Br. Ualiperi = Siuci

TUPIAN (COASTAL) M.l.b.a. Br. Uambori L.5.b.1. S200 W430? Br. 1614
TUPIAN (GUIANAN) M.l.b.p. Br. Fr.G. Uanana P.1.b.y.(5). N10 W68030'-690 Br. 827
TUPIAN (SOUTHERN AMAZON) M.l.b.y. Br. Uanham Z.26.f.a. S120 W640 Br. 1275
TUPIAN (TAPAJOZ) M.1.b.y.(3). Br. UANHAM Z.26.f. Br.
TUPIAN (UPPER AMAZON) M.l.b.6. Br. Peru UANHAMAN Z.26. Br.
TUPIAN (UPPER XINGU) M.1.b.y.(2).(c). Br. Uapichana K.2.c.a.(1). N2050 W590301 Br.G.; N30 W610
TUPIAN (XINGU) M.1.b.y.(2). Br. Br. 515
Tupiguae = Tupina UAPICHANAN K.2.c.a. Br.G. Br.
Uaraguassu t? M.l.b.p.(8). N20 W55030'? Br. 8

TUPI-GUARANI M.l. Arg. Bol. Para. Br. Peru Fr.G.
Uaraicu K.3.a.3. S40 W680 S50 W69-720 Br. 1344

Tupina t M.l.b.a.(1).(a). 9030' W40-30 S10030'-120
W370 S120 W380 S150 W40? Br. 1567 Uarauno = Guarau
Tupinamba t M.1.b.a.(2).(o). S10 W47-90 S2o30'-3'30'

Uariquena = Arequena
W44-50 S110 W370 S12-140 W390 S150 W400
UasonaS220 P.l.b.E. Nl10-20 1 W69030-50' Br.; Col.? 824
W41-50 Br. 1487 Uassahy t Z.39. Sl030' W590 Br. 884
TUPINAMBAN M.1.b.a.(2). Br. Uatadeo = Guetiadegodi
Tupinambarana t M.l.b.y.(3).(g). S2030' W560-57030' Uaura K.4.e.6. S120 W540t S13o W540 Br. 1459
S30 W55030' Br. 911 Ubegua t? M.I.a.B.(6).? S150 W620? Bol.; Para.? 1204
TUPINAN M.l.b.a.(1). Br. Ubina t? N.2. S16030' W710 Peru 1120
Tupinaqui = Tupiniquin Ucayali [Q.l.a.] = Chama
Tupiniquin t? M.1.b.a.(2).(k), S13030' W400 S14030'
Uchicrin L.l.a.. (1).(h). S7030' W500 Br. 1475
W390 (Tupinaqui); S14035' W400 (Tupinqui); S13-200
Uchita t E.1.d.a.(4). N23o301-24030' W112-130 Mex. 18
W38-410t S220 W44ot S240 W45-70t Br. 1569Uchpa = Uspa
Tupinqui = Tupiniquin Uchupiamona Z.7.e.g. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Turamona = Toromona Ueriperidaqueni = Siuci
Turbaco t J.3.b.a.(1).(c).? NIOo W750 Col. 532
Ugaranyo Z.28.a.6. S190 W610? Bol.; Para.? 1206
Turipana t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535 Ugunichiri K.3.d.a.(11). S120 Wo40? Peru 1058
Turiuara M.l.b.7.(1).(f).(B). S3o W48-9? Br. 148
Uibathan = Acalan
TURIUARAN M.1.b.y.(1).(f). Br. Ulna = Dessana

Turricia = Suerre
Uirafed t M.1.b.y.(3).(e). Sll0 W610 Br. 1
Uiridiapa 0.10.f. S80 W700 Br. 1329 Vilcas = Tanquihua
Uirina K.2.f.9. N10 W650 Br. 842 Vilela t Z.5.b.C. S25-25030' W62-30 Arg. 1738
VILELAN Z.5.b. Arg.
Uiua P.l.b.a.(2).(d). N30' W6804-- Br. 831
Ulva I.1.b.a. N12-130 W850 Nic. 294 Viru t Z.39. S80301 W790 Peru 957
ULVAN I.l.b.a. Nic.; Hond.? Viuivagueu Q.l.d.a.(3). S80 W720? Br. 1311
Umaua = Carijona Voto t I.2.a.a.(12). N10030' W8030' C.R. 317
Umba t Z.37.a.E. S300 W650? Arg. 1783 VOTOAN I.2.a.a.(12). C.R.
Umbra = Ancerma Vuta-Huilliche = Serrano [S.2.a.a.(1).]
Umotina Z.29.a.p. S150 W570? S160 W550 Br. Wai
1221= Ouay
Umuapa t? Z.5.b.6. S24030' W620301 Arg. 1730

Waicuri = Guaycura
Wainungomo = Decuana
Umucaro Z.2.c. N80 W71?? Ven. 408
Umuguena t Z.39. N7030' W722030 Ven. 430 Wanki I.l.a. N150 W83030 -850 Nic.; Hond.? 265
Unconino = Antaniri Wapishana(n) = Uapichana(n)
Unini K.3.d.a. (12). S110401 W750? Peru 1057
Warrau = Guarau
Univitza = Mochobo Wazaizara = Guaja

Weidyenye = Mundurucu
Upanguaima t E.l.a.6.(2). N280 W1110301 Mex. 21
Upano Z.9.a.C. S30 W780? Ec.; Peru? 782Wociare = Uaiquiare
Xagua
Upatarinavo t K.3.d.B.(5). Sll0 W73?? Peru 1062 Z.8.c.a.? N9050'-10050' W700_70?40' Ven. 398
XAGUAN Z.8.c.? Ven.
Upurui t? J.l.a.B.(5).(c). N20 W55-60 Sur. 899
Upurui [Z.39.] = Purui Xaltepec G.2.a. N17020 W970151 Mex. 180
Uraba = Uruba Xaquese = Xaquete
Uraicu = Uaraicu Xaguete t? Z.39. S170581 w580 Bol. 1189
Urarina t? Z.39. S40301 W75-60 Peru 926 Xaraye t? Z.39. S170 W570 Br.; S180 W580 Bol. 1185
Xevero = Chebero
Urayoan t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N18020' W67030' P.R. 360
Xauari = Carime
Ure t D.3.a.O.(1).(b).(B). N290201 W1110151 Mex. 29
Uren I.2.a.a.(9). N9030' W82040 ? Pan. 331 Xibitaona t? M.l.b.6.(1).(a).(B). S40 W740? Per
Urezo t Z.39. N7030' W74030' Col. 551 Xihuila = Chebero
Urinama I.2.a.a.(14). N9040' W83o20' C.R. 321 Xilotlantzinca-Tamazulteca t H.10. N19010-351

Urtu = Ortu Mex. 139
Uru Z.39. S16030' 70010l't? S16040' W700t? Xinca H.5.

S16030' N140 W900251 Guate. 244
W690
Peru; S18030' W67030' S18035' W680 S220Xiparicot
W67030' t J.l.a.B.(9).(a). N100 W68030'? Ven. 39
Bol. 1199 XIPARICOTAN J.1.a.B.(9). Ven.
Uruaguacu = Uaraguassu Xipibo Q.l.a.a.(2).(c). S80 W750 Peru 1041
Uruati t Z.39. S20301 W440 Br. 1501 XIPIBOAN Q.l.a.a.(2). Peru
Xiriguana t Z.39. N70301 W740 Col. 544
Uruba t J.3.b.a.(1).(a).(y). N80 W770 Col. 546
Urubu K.2.f.a. ().(e). N10 W670 Br. 840 Xirino Q.I.a.B.(7). S90 W750? Peru 1043
Urubu M.l.b.y.(1).(f).(a). S30 W460 Br. 1498 Xixime t D.3.a.C.(2).(g). N23-24030' W105-60 Mex. 79
Urubutapuya = Piratapuyo XIXIMEAN D.3.a.. (2).(g). Mex.
Urucuena J.l.a.B.(5).(b). N20 W540 Br. 1389 Xocoteca t H.11. N200 W1050? Mex. 129
Urucuiana = Urucuena Xolota = Choroti
Urufu t Z.39. S160 W420? Br. 1591 Xorrhue = Corrhue
Urumi t? Z.25.b.6. Sllo20' W620? Br. 1271 Xumeto t Z.39. S210 W430 Br. 1620
Urunumacan Z.26.e.? S120 W63030' Br. 1274 Xupiltepec t? H.5. N14010 W89050 Guate. 244
Urupa t? Z.25.b.y. S9030 W630 Sll0 W62030't S4030'-50 Xura M.2.a.B. Slo W740? Col. 751
W550 Br. 1272 Xurru t I.2.a.p.(3). NIO0 W850? C.R. 307
Urupaya = Arupai Xutiapa t? H.5. N14015 W89055 Guate. 244
Ururudiapa 0.10.e. S80 W730 Br. 1318 Yaaucaniga t? R.2.b.B.(i).(a). S280 W590? Arg. 1754
Uruy t I.2.a.B.(3). N100 w850? C.R. 307 Yaba P.l.c.B.(6). S25 W69030 ? Col.; Br.? 721
Usicohor t? M.3.b.y.(3). S20 W760 Ec.; Peru? 788 Yabarana J.l.b.B.(3).(c). N50 W670 Ven. 469
Usilique = Huichol YABARANAN J.i.b.B.(2). Ven.
Uspa Z.11.a.6.? S30 W760 Peru 796 Yabaypura Z.7.e.v. S140 W680 Bol. 1132
Yaboyano
Uspanteco D.7.b.B.(i). N15020' W90050' Guate. 231 M.2.a.E.(2).? Slo0 W740 Col. 751
Utciti = Uchita
Yacaoyana J.l.c.B.(i).(h).? N0o W71-20 Col. 700
Utibara t Z.39. N90 W750 Col. 536 Yagua Z.10.a.a. S30 W72-30 Peru 809
Uticrag = Chonvugn Yaguabo t K.l.a.B.(2).(b). N180 W76030' Jam. 356
Utlateca = Quiche Yaguai K.I.b.B.(2).(b).? N70 W680 Ven. 450
UTO-AZTECAN D.3.a. U.S. Mex. Guate. Hond.t Salv. Yahgan Z.39. S55-60 W67-720 Chile 1820
Nic.t C.R.t Pan.t Yaho = Yao
Utuado t K.l.a.B.(1).(b). N18020' Yahuna P.l.f.y. SloP.R.

W66030' W69040'360
Br.; Col.? 728
Uzeni = Chichimeca-Jonaz Yalcon t? Z.39. N1030 W760 Col. 694
Vacaa t? Z.5.b.e. S24?30' W620 Arg. 1734Yamaluba Z.7.g. S13-150 W690? Peru Bol. 1077
Vaccaria = Opaie Yamana = Yahgan
Yameci61
Vacoregue t D.3.a.C.(2).(d). N260101 W1090 Mex. t I.2.b.B.(5).? N70 W750 Col. 553
Valiente [I.2.a.a.(8).] = Bribri Yameo Z.10.b.p.? S40 W740 Peru 931
Valiente I.2.b.a.(4). N8035 W810? 341 YAMEO Z.lO.b. Peru
Valiente-Nortenyo = Move Yamiaca Q.2.b.B. S140 W710 Peru 1079

Vaquabo = Yaguabo Yamici = Yameci
Varai M.l.a.B. (1).(b). (B) .v. S15-160 W63-40 Bol. 1163

Yamorai Z.20.b. .(2).? S60 W76030' Peru 10
VAROHIAN D.3.a.C.(2).(e). Mex. Yampara t Z.39. S190 W650 Bol. 1202
Varohio t D.3.a.. (2).(e). N27020-45' Wl08035'-1090 Yamu Z.18.a.-y. N60 W690? Col.; Ven.? 627
Mex. 51 Yanahuara N.1.b.a.(8). S13030 W720 Peru 1094
Vejoz R.1.a.a.(2).(b). S230 W630 Arg. 1721Yanaigua = Tapiete [M.1.a.B.(5).]
Veliche = Chilote
Yanhuitlan G.2.a. N17035' W970251 Mex. 180
Yao
Venegara t Z.39. N7?030 W720301 Ven. t? Z.39. N40 W520 Fr.G. 1403
430
VENTUARI J.l.b.B. Ven.
Viabu t? Z.39. S80 W74?? Peru 1045 Yapacoye Z.39. N30 W54030' Sur. Fr.G. 1393
Yapel t J.3.b.a.(1).(c).? N90 W75030' Col. 534
Viatan t M.l.b.a.(2).(1). S80 W370? Br. 1487 Yaperu t Z.39. S200 W590? Para. 1687
Viceita I.2.a.a.(14). N9040 W83020' C.R. 321 Yapitalaga = Pilaga
Vigitega t D.3.a.9.(3).? N21035 W1050 Mex. 112 Yapooa Z.19.b.r. N1020' W70020 Col. 710
Vilcapampa N.l.b.a.(7). S12030 W72030 Peru 1084 Yagu D.3.a.(.(2).(a). N270 W1100 Mex. 494
Yaricagua Z.2.b.6.(6). N7035 -80 W710 -7120' Yuri
Ven. 408
= Juri
Yarigul J.3.a.y.(2). N6055'-7030' W73030'-740 Col. 9

Yuro = Yaruro
YARIGUIAN J.3.a.y. Ven. Col. Yurquin = Zhorquin

Yaro t Z.39. S350 W570 Uru. 1791 Yurucare = Yuracare
Yarrapo Z.lO.b.i.? S40 W740 Peru 931 Yurumangui t? Z.39. N3?301 W770 Col. 659
Yaruro Z.39. N70 W67030' Ven. 447 Yvytyigua t? M.l.a.a.(2).(n). S23030' W520
Yasa J.3.a.a.(2).(d). N90-9030' W72o30-501 Ven. 422 Zaachila G.4.a. N16055' W96045' Mex. 188
Yasica t? I.l.b.6. N14040o W840? Nic. 280 Zacateca t D.3.a.i.(2).(e).(y). N23-50 W103-40 Mex. 92
Yasuni M.3.c.6. S20 W760? Peru; Ec.? 752 ZACATECAN D.3.a.ij.(2).(e). Mex.
Yauca t Z.39. S160 W740? Peru 1105 Zaklohpakap = Mame
Yauco t K.l.a.p.(l).(b). N180 W670 P.R. 360 Zamana t J.3.d.p.(4).? N50 W750 Col. 587
Yauyo t Z.39. S120 W760 Peru 990 Zamba t Z.39. N100 W750 Col. 535
Yavitero K.2.d.6. N2040'-30 W67?30'-680 Ven.; Col.? Zamora Z.9.a.E.(2). S3a W78g? Ec.; Peru? 782
462 Zamuco [Z.28.a.] = Zamucoan (North)
Yaye = Yao Zamuco Z.28.a.a.(l). S200 W60-10 Para. 1206
Yecarome = Huite ZAMUCO Z.28.a.a. Para.
Yecoanita t Z.5.b.p.(3). S24030' W60030' Arg. 1736 ZAMUCOAN Z.28. Bol. Para. Br.?
Yecora t D.3.a.9.(l).(b).(y(. N28020' W108059' Mex. 34 ZAMUCOAN (NORTH) Z.28.a. Bol. Para. Br.?
Yecuana J.l.b.p.(l).(a). N40 W640301 Ven. 492 ZAMUCOAN (SOUTH) Z.28.b. Para.
Yecunampa = Yoconoampa Zamyrua t? Z.39. N8030' W740 Col. 540
Yeguinahue t Z.38.d. S530 W72030' Chile 1813 Zapa t Z.ll.b.? S40 W760 Peru 924
Yoconoampa t Z.5.b.L. S240 W630 Arg. 1T58 Zapara t J.3.a.a.(4). N10030-40 W71030 Ven. 405
Yocotan D.7.a.p.(l).(b).(a). N17045 W92035' Mex. 213 Zaparo M.3.c.c. S1o W760 Ec.; Col.?; S20 W760 Peru
Yofuaha = Choroti 752
Yohoroa P.l.b.a.(2).(c). N30' W69030' Col.; N151

ZAPARO M.3.c. Col. Ec.
W68040' Br. 718 ZAPAROAN M.3. Col. Ec. Peru
Yolo I.2.b.p.(3). N30 W77T Col. 660 Zapaso t Z.39. S70 W770 Peru 1020
Yolox G.3. N17030 W960201 Mex. 192 Zapoteca (Jalisco)t H.11. N19040 W103025' Mex. 125
Yooc t Z.5.b.p.(1). S250 W61030' Arg. 1739 Zapoteco (Serrano Norte) G.4.a. N170-17030' W96-70
Yopi t E.l.b.? N170301 W98030'? Mex. 178 Mex. 189
Yoriman = Soliman
Zapoteco (Serrano Sur) G.4.a. N1540o'-16?20' W96-70
Yoro H.8.a. N150 W87051 Hond. 252 Mex. 184
Yosco I.1.b.B. N13050' W85030I Nic. 271Zapoteco (Valle) G.4.a. N16030'-17030' W94?401-970
Yubamona Z.7.e.?. S140 680 Bol. 1132 188
YUCATECAN D.7.a.p.(l).(a). Mex. Guate. Bel. ZAPOTECAN G.4. Mex.
Yucateco D.7.a.p.(l).(a).(a). N18-220 W87-910 Mex. 220 Zapotlaneca t H.11. N19030 W1040351? Mex. 83
Yucuna K.2.f.p.(3). Slo-l120' W69030'-700 Col. 70 Zatienyo Z.28.a.a.(2). S210 W59030' Para. 1693
Yuganza Z.9.a.a.(8). S50 W780 Peru 921 Zavire t? Z.39. N80 W680? Ven. 441
Yule = Tule
Zayahueco t D.3.a.i.(l).(a).(a). N220 W1050 Mex. 114
YUMAN E.l.a.y.(2). Mex. U.S. Zegua = Sigua
Yumbo [I.2.a.B.(2).(a).] = Colorado Zendagua t J.3.b.a.(l).(c).? N8030' W750 Col. 545
Yumbo t? Z.39. 0 W79030' Ec. 768 Zhorquin I.2.a.a.(9). N9030' W82040o? Pan. 331
Yunca t? Z.3.a.B.(l). S80 W7905 ? Peru 956 Zoe t D.3.a.(.(2).(c).((). N260301 W1070451 Mex. 56
Yunca-Huancavilca = Yunca-Puruhan Zondagua = Zendagua
YUNCAN Z.3.a. Peru Ec. Zopia t J.3.b.6.? N5030' W760 Col. 563
YUNCAN (NORTHERN) Z.3.a.a. Ec. Zogue D.l.h.a.(3). N16050'-17030' W930-94?45' Mex. 207
YUNCAN (SOUTHERN) Z.3.a.p. Peru ZOQUEAN D.l.h.a. Mex.
YUNCA-PURUHAN Z.3. Ec. Peru Zorca t Z.39. N70 W720 Ven. 434
Yuncarirx = Chiquito [Z.4.a.E.] Zotzil = Tzotzil
Yupua P.l.d.B. S30 W69015-30 Col. 724 Zoaateca t H.11. N1940' wl04?40' Mex.
Yuracare Z.24.c. S16-170 W63-60 Bol. 1167 Zuague t D.3.a.C.(2).(a). N260 W1080 Me
YURACAREAN Z.24. Bol. Zuri. I.2.b.a.(7). N8050I W820? *Pan. 337
Yuracare (Oriental) = Soloto Zurimagua = Jurimagua
YURACARE (OCCIDENTAL) Z.24.b. Bol. Zurina Q.3.b.? S3o30' W590t S110 W650 Br. 1283
The languages and dialects listed above are represented by numbers on the accompanying maps. In some cas
single number does duty for a number of variant dialects of what is here considered a single language. Since ea
these dialects is given separate listing above, we have placed after each such dialect name the same number as f
the name of the language of which it is a variant. In consonance with this practice, the numerically ordere
which accompanies the maps contains only the names of relatively important languages, and only such languages
located by number on the maps. Dialects with the same number may be assumed to be spoken in the immediate vi
of the numbered language.
76 1 I10 105 100 9
9 27
25 27 35 367
30 -26 3238 97 98 38
10 28 33
29 303, 39
2 23 40 m 100 \
2 423 3440o
22 43 42 41 101
\ ' 4647
44 48 59 55 53 54 0 \
4960 56
61 65 5857
12 62 6663 96
13 4267 95
25 143
154 6
6:1045
16
17
73 70
72 747
75
1
71 76 78 92 94 102
is 7980 93 108
91 109
19 91 90 151067lo
110 116 121 153
114 117113118119 120
122 1515113 136
112 117 91
III123 86-8
4124 136152.
150153 155
153 220
MILES 14 9 134
15 12036
1G 136480
136132361
I0418 2 121362126
136 137139
20l 1 8m124 4
'\116 111 14 136
157
o56-,,;4
1186
I I I_ _ _1
115 110 105 100
1 Dieguenyo 46 Tepahue t 91 Cazcan t 136 Oto
2 Kamia
47 Macoyahui t 92 Zacateca t 137 Tia
3 Kohuana 48 Baciroa t 93 Tepehuane (Sur) 138 Coc
4 Alakwisa t? 94 Guachichil t
49 Mayo 139 Xi
5 KiKima 50 Hio t 95 Tepehuane (Norte)
6 Cocopa 51 Varohio t? 96 Lagunero t 140 Tar
7 Kiliwi 52 Guasapar t 97 Jocome t 141 Ma
8 Akwa'ala 53 Chinipa t 98 Jano t 142 Ma
9 Laymon t 54 Temori t 99 Apache 143 Qu

10 Cochimi t 55 Tubar t? 100 Toboso t 144 At
11 Didu t 56 Zoe t 101 Kickapoo 145 Oc
12 Edu t 57 Comanito t 102 Tamaulipeco t 146 Az
13 Monqui t 58 Baimena t 103 Carrizo t 147 Te
14 Aripa t 59 Huite t 104 Cotoname t 148 To
15 Ica t 60 Comopori t 105 Comecrudo t 149 Me
16 Cora t 61 Vacoregue t 106 Naolan t 150 To
17 Guaycura t 62 Ahome t 107 Pisone t 151 Me
18 Uchita t 63 Ocoroni t? 108 Janambre t 152 Ch
19 Pericu t 64 Cinaloa t 109 Olive t 153 Pam
20 Seri 65 Tehueco t 110 Totorame t 154 Hu
21 Upanguaima t 66 Zuaque t 111 Teco-Tecoxquin't 155 Hu
22 Guayma t 67 Bamoa t? 112 Vigitega-t 156 Cua
23 Tepoca t 68 Nio t 113 Coano t 157 To
24 Salinero t 69 Mocorito t 114 Zayahueco t 158 Pa
25 Himeri t 70 Guasave t 115 Cora 159 Ch
~1 26 Piato t 71 Achire t 116 Huaynamota t 160 Ap
27 Papago 72 Tahue t 117 Tecual t 161 Cu
28 Cocomacague t 73 Topiame t 118 Huichol 162 Cu
29 Ure t 74 Tebaca t 119 Colotlan t 163 Te
30 Batuc t 75 Acaxee t 120 Tecuexe t 164 Te
31 Jova t 76 Sabaibo t 121 Tepecano 165 Tla
32 Potlapigua t 77 Aibine t 122 Teul-Chichimeca t
33 Opata t 78 Hine t 123 Teul t? 166 Tl

34 Yecora t 79 Xixime t 124 Coca t 167 It
35 Nacosura t 80 Hume t 125 Zapoteca (Jalisco) t 168 Ch
36 Suma t 81 Cacoma t 126 Sayulteca t 169 Ma
37 Chinarra t 82 Zoyateca t 127 Cuyuteca t 170 Ma
38 Jumano t 83 Zapotlaneca t 128 Tlaltempaneca t 171 Tex
39 Chizo t 84 Tepocanteca t 129 Xocoteca t 172 Tu
40 Concho t 85 Mascorro t 130 Pampuchin t 173 Po
41 Tarahumara 86 Guaxabane t 131 Tomateca t 174 Ix
42 Nebome 87 Guamar't 132 Chamelteca t 175 Ch
43 Eudeve t 88 Copuce t 133 Cucharete t 176 Tep
44 Yaqui 89 Bocalo t 134 Mazateca (Jalisco) t 177 To
45 Conicari t 90 Negrito t 135 Tene t 178 Tla
N o0
I I I I
~0
_..~n o .q tto
ODu
o o o
b-'
OD ODI
-OP 4
0 00
ot
U) U) j
I It
U_ aco
._----
ot
40C.0---
0N? 4 00
0 to~r
OD
_
W
- C..."
i 4 t O
W_ _ ton n
to_%_ to to 0
to to
225 Jacalteco 254 Chato t 281 Cu t 309 Me
226 Chuj 255 Pantasma t 282 Silam t 310 Ram
227 Solomeco 256 Dule t 283 Baldam 311 De
228 Kanjobal 257 Achi t 284 Cucalaya t? 312 Ca
229 Aguacateco I 258 Lenca 285 Tungla t? 313 Tu
230 Aguacateco II t 259 Cacaopera t? 286 Bauihca 314 Su
231 Uspanteco 260 Poton t 287 Lacu t? 315 Gu
232 Ixil 261 Choluteca t 288 Bambana t? 316 Go
233 Quehache t 262 Maribichicoa t 289 Prinzo t 317 V
234 Acala t 263 Carib (Black) 290 Sumo-Sirpe t 318 Ch
235 Flores 264 Mam 291 Cabo 319 T
236 Mopan 265 Wanki 292 Miskito 320 P
237 Manche t 266 Tauahca 293 Cucra t 321 Br
238 Kekchi 267 Tauira 294 Ulva 322 Qu
239 Pokonchi 268 Sumo 295 Boa t 323 E
I~J
240 Rabinal 269 Matagalpa t 296 Nahuatlato t 324 Bu
241 Quiche 270 Guanexico t 297 Subtiaba t 325 Bo
242 Tzutuhil 271 Yosco t 298 Tacacho t 326 O
243 Cakchiquel 272 Tunqui t? 299 Nagrandan t 327 Tu
244 Xinca 273 Carahuala t? 300 Mangue t 328 Co
245 Pupuluca (Conguaco) t 274 Panamaca 301 Diria t 329 Bu
246 Pipil 275 Huasabane t? 302 Nicarao t 330 Si
247 Pokomam 276 Coco t? 303 Orisi t 331 Te
248 Alaguilac t 277 Pispi t? 304 Nicoya t 332 Te
249 Chorti 278 Kiwahka t? 305 Bagaz t 333 To
250 Cholti t 279 Musutepes t? 306 Orotinya t 334 Ch
251 Toquegua t 280 Yasica t? 307 Guatusoa 335 Duy
252 Jicaque Dudu t? 308 Cocora t 336 Ch
253 Paya
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366 Igneri t? 416 Coanao t 467 Decuana 518 Trio 569 Nonama 619 Anibali t? 669 Guamza t 7
367 Carinepa- 417 Burede 468 Mayongong 519 Acuria 570 Toto t 620 Cuiba 370 Purace t 7
goto t 418 Aratomo t? 469 Yabarana 520 GuaJiro 571 Cima t 621 Guahibo 671 Polindara 7
368 Chayma t 419 Macoa 470 Curasicana 521 Guanebucant?
572 Guatica t 622 Chiricoa 672 Totoro 7
369 Guarau 420 Cariachil t 471 Uaiqulare 522 Guamaca t? 573 Ancerma t 623 Amorua 673 Ambalo 7
370 Mariusa t? 421 Motilon 472 Quaqua t 523 Atanque t? 574 Chanco 624 Cunimia 674 Paniquita 72
371 Chaguan 422 Mape 473 Panare 524 Bintucua 575 Quimbaya t 625 Guayavero 675 Pubenaro 7
372 Aruacay 423 Tucuco 474 Totomaco t? 525 Ica 576 Carrapa t 626 Churoya 676 Colaza t 7
373 Paria t 424 Pariri 475 Toto 526 Sanha t? 577 Arbi t 627 Yamu 677 Palace t 7
374 Cumanagoto t 425 Pemeno 476 Mapoye 527 Cagaba 578 Tabuya t 628 Sicuane 678 Chisquio 7
375 Cuneguara t 426 Chinato t 477 Pareca t? 528 Tairona t 579 Quinchia t 629 Quirruba 679 Coconuco t 7
376 Core t? 427 Cupriguerit?
478 Quiriquiripa 529 Chimila t? 580 Paucura t 630 Chucuna 680 Paez 7
377 Cuaga t 428 Lobatera t 479 Cariniaco t 530 Carex t 581 Pozo t 631 Caouri 681 Moguex 7
378 Tagare t 429 Capacho t 480 Tamanaco t 531 Calamari t 582 Picara t 632 Cabre t? 682 Guanaco t 7
379 Chacopata t 430 Chitarera t 481 Arebato t? 532 Turbaco t 583 Panche t 633 Puinave 683 Quilla t 7
380 Piritu t 431 Cucuta t 482 Taparito t? 533 Tolu t 584 Muzo t 634 Arequena 683 Almaguero '7
381 Palenque t 432 Quenaga t 483 Cadupinapo t 534 Yapel t 585 Nauracoto 635 Ipeca 684 Quillacingat 7
382 Guire t? 433 Sunesua t 484 Guaniare t 535 Caricocox t 586 Naura 636 Caua 684 Ingano 7
383 Guarico t? 434 Zorca t 485 Guaruguadut?
536 Buritaca t 587 Patangoro t 637 Cuati 685 Sindagua t 7
384 Guamontey 435 Charaque t? 486 Arigua 537 Mompox t 588 Arma t 638 Adzaneni 686 Patia t? 7
385 Guaiqueri t 436 Atature t? 487 Macu 538 Socomba 589 Amani t 639 Tapiira 687 Coaiquer 7
386 Tacarigua t? 437 Masparro t? 488 Guinao 539 Tamalamequet590
l Aburra t 640 Guaipunave 688 Pasto t 7
387 Tumuza t? 438 Colorado t? 489 Auaque t? 540 Zamyrua t? 591 Corbago t 641 Mitua 688 Quechua 7
388 Quiriquiret? 439 Guaicari 490 Caliana 541 Pacabueye t 592 Araucana t? 642 Piapoco (Quitenyo) 7
"i
389 Caraca t? 440 Dazaro t? 491 Arinagoto t? 542 Tupe t? 593 Tayatomo t 643 Camaniba 689 Muellamues t 74
\D 390 Toromaina t? 441 Zavire t? 492 Yecuana 543 Pemeo t 594 Carate t 644 Amarizana 690 Mayasquer t 7
391 Teque t? 442 Guamo 493 Maquiritare 544 Xiriguana t 595 Yarigui 645 Chapan 691 Colima t? 74
392 Meregoto 443 Payure t? 494 Ihuruana 545 Zendagua t 596 Opon 646 Masivaribeni 692 Patoco t? 74
393 Xiparicot t 444 Atapaima t? 495 Guaharibo 546 Uruba t 597 Agata 647 Sae t? 693 Sebondoy 7
394 Caparicotot?
445 Cocaima 496 Maitsi t? 547 Fincenu t 598 Guane t? 648 Eperigua t? 694 Yalcon t? 7
395 Aticare t? 446 Tayagua 497 Arecuna 548 Pancenu t 599 Carare 649 Guayupe t? 695 Timana t? 7
396 Caquetio t 447 Yaruro 498 Taurepan 549 Cenufana t 600 Colima t 650 Tama 696 Andaqui t? 7
397 JiraJara t? 448 Taparita t? 499 Camaracoto 550 Nutabe t 601 Chibcha 651 Ayrico t? 697 Choque t? 7
398 Xagua 449 Maiba t? 500 Guayano t? 551 Urezo t (Muisca) t 652 Tinigua 698 Caicuchana 7
399 Achagua 450 Yaguai 501 Pariagoto 552 Tahami t 602 Tecua t 653 Pamigua t? 699 Mahotoyana 7
400 Ayoman 451 Catarro t? 502 Arawak 553 Yameci t 603 Morcote t? 654 Pijao 700 Yacaoyana 7
401 Coyon t? 452 Cuiloto t? 503 Carib 554 Guazuzu t 604 Sinsiga 655 Quindio t 701 Hahanana 7
402 Cuiba t? 453 Otomaco t? 504 Uaica 555 Dabeibe t 605 Duit t 656 Buga t 702 Hianacoto 7
403 Gayon t? 454 Ature t 505 Acawal 556 Catio 606 Lache t 657 Gorron t 703 Tsahatsaha 7
404 Axagua t 455 Pao t? 506 Ingarico 557 Catio t 607 Tequia t 658 Chanco t 704 Carijona 7
405 Zapara t 456 Piaroa 507 Caribice t? 558 EveJico t 608 Tunebo t? 659 Yurumanguit?
705 Boloa 7
406 Quiriquire 457 Saliva t 508 Attaraya t? 559 Antioqula t 609 Jama t? 660 Yolo 706 Uainana 75
407 Cuica 458 Duniberrenal 509 Patamona t? 560 Buritica t 610 Tame t? 661 Timba t 707 Guagua 7
408 Timote 459 Maipure t? 510 Serecong 561 Pequi t 611 Betoi t 662 Atunceta t 708 Riama 7
409 Itoto t 460 Mauacua 511 Quenoloco 562 Cartama t 612 Jirara t? 663 Guambia t 709 Pamoa 7
410 Bubure t? 461 Macu 512 Monoico 563 Zopia t 613 Lacalia t? 664 Lile t 710 Yapooa 7
411 Chaque 462 Yavitero 513 Macussi 564 Corome t 614 Quilifaye t? 665 Aguale t 711 Holona 7
412 Toa t? 463 Avani 514 Atoral 565 Caramanta t 615 Lolaca t? 666 Jamundi t 712 Bahuna 7
413 Paraujano 464 Bare 515 Uapichana 566 Funucuna 616 Atabaca t? 667 Guachicon t? 713 Coroua 7
414 Alile 465 Masaca 516 Amariba t 567 Empera 617 Jabue t 668 Popayan t 714 Piratapuyo 7
415 Cosina t? 466 Cunuana 517 Cumayena 568 Carl t 618 Situfa t? 715 Paioariene 7
915 Catacao t? 969 Mala t 1013 Yamorai 1063 Soboibo 1116 Sama t 1166 Mosetene
916 Calva t 970 Huarco t 1014 Lama t 1064 Epetineri 1117 Arica t 1167 Yuracare
917 Palta t 971 Chincha t 1014 Lamanyo 1065 Piro 1118 Tarata t 1168 Nambu t?
918 Malacato t? 972 Pisco t 1015 Tabalosa t 1066 Chontaquiro 1119 Caruma t 1169 Tacunbiaco t?
919 Bolona 973 Ica t 1016 Huatana t 1067 Antaniri 1120 Ubina t? 1170 Churapa
920 Tabancal t 974 Huancapampa t 1017 Cumbaza t 1068 Chicheren 1121 Lupaca 1171 Tamococi t?
921 Aguaruna 975 Huambo t 1018 Nindaso t 1069 Machiguenga 1122 Collagua t? 1172 Chane
922 Maina t 976 Cajamarca t 1019 Nomona t 1070 Quirinairi 1123 Colla t? 1173 Napeca
923 Asaruntoa [z. 39.] 1020 Zapaso t 1071 Nocoman t? 1124 Puquina t 1174 Manasi t
924 Zapa t 976-977 Cajamarca 1021 Amasifuin t 1072 Inamari 1124 Quechua 1175 Gorgotoqui t?
925 Guasaga t? [N.1.a.E.] 1022 Cascoasoa t 1073 Masco (Boliviano) 1176 Penyoqui t
926 Urarina t? 977 Huamachuco t 1022 Chasutino 1074 Sirineri 1125 Collahuaya 1177 Covareca t
927 Itucal t? 978 Conchuco t 1023 Cognomona t 1075 Araua 1126 Omasuyo 1178 Chiquito
928 Cingacuchuscat
979 Huayla t 1024 Tulumayo t? 1076 Tuyuneri 1127 Pacasa 1179 Curucaneca t
929 Maracana 980 Pinco t 1025 Tingan t? 1077 Tiatinagua 1128 Paria 1180 Curuminaca t
930 Masamai 981 Ocro t 1026 Chunatahua t? 1078 Atsahuaca t? 1129 Sicasica 1181 Siberi t?
931 Yameo 982 Huanuco t 1027 Carapacho t? 1079 Yamiaca 1130 Leco t? 1182 Ortu
932 Chirabo t? [Z.39.] 1028 Amuexa t? 1080 Arazaire t? 1131 Lapacho t 1183 Aburune t?
933 Maruba 982 Huanuco 1029 Muniche 1080 Arasa t? 1132 Tacana 1184 Manacica t
934 Mayoruna [N.l.a.y.] 1030 Otanabe t 1081 Huachipairi 1132 Quechua 1185 Xaraye t?
935 Cocama 983 Cajatampo t 1031 Payanzo t 1082 Paucartampo (Tuichi) 1186 Perovosan t?
936 Cutinana t? 984 Chinchaycochat

1032 Cocamilla t? 1083 Lare 1133 Chama 1187 Jacare t?
937 Chamicura t? 985 Atavillo t 1033 Aguano t 1084 Vilcapampa 1134 Guacanahua 1188 Artan t?
938 Mapurina t? 986 Tarma t 1033-1034 Quechua 1085 Cuzco 1135 Toromona 1189 Xaquete t?
939 Chebero 987 Ancax (Ucayali) 1086 Cavina 1136 Araona 1190 Sacoci t?
1087 Canchi t?
0)
O 940 Ataguate 988 Junin 1034 Panobo 1137 Mabenaro 1191 Otuque t?
941 Chayahuita 989 Huanca t 1035 Setebo 1088 Cana t? 1138 Machui 1192 Tapii t
942 Cahuapana 990 Yauyo t 1036 Busquipani 1089 Chilque 1139 Capachene 1193 Curave t
943 Sacata t 991 Cauqui 1037 Capanahua 1090 Cotapampa t 1140 Cayuvava t? 1194 Coraveca t
944 Patagon t 992 Angara t 1038 Puyamanahua t? 1091 Chumpivilca t 1141 Cavinya 1195 Chane
945 Chinchipe t 993 Choclococha t 1039 Niaragua 1092 Contisuyo t 1142 Maropa 1196 Cochapampa t
946 Chirino t 994 Chocorvo t 1040 Sensi 1093 Omasayo t 1143 Movima 1197 Caranga
947 Rabona t 995 Copallen t 1041 Xipibo 1094 Yanahuara 1144 Canichana t? 1198 Tarapaca t
948 Ayavaca t 996 Aconipa t 1042 Sinabo 1095 Quechua 1145 Herisabocono t 1199 Uru
949 Sec t 997 Bagua t 1043 Caxibo 1096 Aymara t 1146 Ocorono t 1200 Quillaca
950 Sechura t 998 Moyopampa t 1044 Conibo 1097 Chanca t 1147 Capuibo 1201 Charca
951 Chira t 999 Chedua t 1045 Remo 1098 Sora t 1148 Chacobo 1202 Yampara t
952 Piura t 1000 Alon t 1046 Maspo t? 1099 Tanquihua t 1149 Pacaguara 1203 Chiriguano
953 Olmo t 1000 Cholto t 1047 Manamabobo t? 1100 Ayacucho 1150 Sinabo 1204 Tapiete
954 Mochica t 1001 Hibito t? 1048 Amahuaca 1101 Rucana t 1151 More 1205 Tsiracua
955 Chicama t 1049 Pichobo 1102 Parinacocha t 1152 Itoreauhip 1206 Zamuco
1002 Chachapoya t
956 Quingnam t [Z.39.] 1050 Ruanaqua t 1103 Nazca t 1153 Itonama t? 1207 Poturero t?
957 Viru t 1002 Chachapoya 1051 Campa 1104 Acari t 1154 Baure t? 1208 Guaranyoca
958 Chao t [N.l.a.C.] 1052 Catongo 1105 Yauca t 1155 Sansimoniano 1 1209 Cucarate t?
959 Chimbote t 1003 Culle 1053 Camatica 1106 Atico t 1156 Mure t 1210 Equiniquinao
960 Nepenya 1004 Huacrachuco t 1054 Anti 1107 Caraveli t 1157 Pauserna 1211 Payagua t
961 Casma t 1005 Huamali t 1055 Pangoa 1108 Cavana t 1158 Siriono 1212 Guato t?
962 Huarmey t 1006 Cholon 1056 Tampa 1109 Oconya t 1159 Paiconeca 1213 Guatchi t
963 Parmunca t 1007 Tepqui t? 1057 Unini 1110 Camana t 1160 Paunaca 1214 Chane t?
964 Huaura t 1008 Comanahua t? 1058 Ugunichiri 1111 Quilca t 1161 Chapacura 1215 Socorino t?
965 Chancay t 1009 Quidquidcana t? 1059 Quimbiri 1112 Arequipa 1162 Quitemoca 1216 Biriune
966 Lima t 1010 Chupacho t 1060 Comobo t? 1113 Tampo t 1163 Guarayu 1217 Bororo
967 Lurin t 1011 Panatahua t? 1061 Mochobo t? 1114 Moquehua t 1164 MoJo (Campanha
968 Chilca t 1012 Chusco t? 1062 Simirinch 1115 Locumba t 1165 Chimane 1218 Aravira
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1377 Curuaia t? 1450 Arauine 1523 Apinage 1596 Malali t
1378 Chipaia t? 1451 Jaruma 1524 Jauari t 1597 Monocho
1379 Piapai t 1452 Naravute 1525 Norocoage t 1598 Hahahay
1380 Arara t? 1453 Mariape 1526 Quenpocatage 1599 Tacruccrac t
1381 Tacunhape t 1454 Nahucua 1527 Macamecran 1600 Nepnep t
1382 Asurini t? 1455 Mehinacu 1528 Cherente 1601 Paraxim t
1383 Aracaju t? 1456 Apalaquiri 1529 Caraho 1602 Arana t?
1384 Aracuaju t 1457 Arau.iti 1530 Chacriaba t 1603 Macuni t

1385 Apalai 1458 Aueto 1531 Guegue t 1604 Poica t
1386 Caliana .1459 Uaura 1532 Aricobe t? 1605 Canarin t
1387 Oiana 1460 Camaiura 1533 Aricobe 1606 Papana t
1388 Rucuyen 1461 Jaulapiti 1534 Pimenteira t 1607 Anquet t
'389 Urucuena 1462 Custenau 1535 Amoipira t 1608 Chonvugn t?
-390 Amicuana t? 1463 Trumai t? 1536 Jeico t 1609 Minhagirun t
1391 Purui t 1464 Guicuru 1537 Timbira t 1610 Nacrehe
1392 Aramagoto t? 1465 Chavante 1538 Arua t 1611 Gutucrac t?
1393 Yapacoye 1466 Tapirape 1539 Potiguara 1612 Timimino t
1394 Comayana t? 1467 Caraja 1540 Caninde t 1613 Guaitaca t
1395 0yaricoulet 1468 Canoeiro 1541 Paiacu t 1614 Purl t?
1396 Aramicho t? 1469 Javahe 1542 Tarairiu t 1615 Coropo t
1397 Emerillon 1470 Carajahi t? 1543 Panati t 1616 Coroado t?
1398 Mersiu t 1471 Ira-Amaire 1544 Cariu t 1617 Tamolo t
1399 Calinya 1472 Pau d'Arco 1545 Inhamum t 1618 Cachine t?
1400 Galibi 1473 Chambioa t? 1546 Juca t 1619 Caraia t
1401 Couryenne t? 1474 Curupite 1547 Ico t 1620 Xumeto t
1402 Aracaret t 1475 Uchicrin 1548 Ariu t 1621 Pita t
1403 Yao t? 1476 Gradaho 1549 Cariri t 1622 Arari t
1404 Rouorio t? 1477 Purucarod t 1550 Ichu t 1623 Tamoia t
1405 Maje t? 1478 Cuperob 1551 Corema t 1624 Acroa (Norte)
1406 Maraon t 1479 Cubenepre 1552 Quipea t 1625 Muriapigtanga t
1407 Suppaye t? 1480 Anambe t 1553 Caete t 1626 Acroa (Sul)
1408 Tocoyenne t? 1481 Paracana 1554 Natu 1627 Goia t
1409 Garipon t? 1482 Pariri t 1555 Carapoto t 1628 Caiapo (Sul) t?
1410 Apirua t? 1483 Timirem t? 1556 Garanhun t 1629 Tupi t
1411 Nourage t? 1484 Anta t? 1557 Fulnio t? 1630 Guayana t
1412 Acoqua t 1485 Jacunda t? 1558 Prarto t 1631 Guaracaio t
1413 Taira t? 1486 Apiaca t? 1559 Chucuru 1632 Guarani
1414 Caicouchiane t 1487 Tupinamba t 1560 Choco 1633 Caingua t?
1415 Pino t 1488 Miranho t? 1561 Mirandela-Tapula 1634 Nhacfateitei
1416 Carane t? 1489 Turiuara 1562 Tucha 1635 Caingang
1417 Caranariu t 1490 Ararandeuara t? 1563 Pancararu (Sao Paulo) t?
1418 Palicur 1491 Amanage 1564 Dzubucua t 1636 Oguiva
1419 Curcucuan t? 1492 Augutge 1565 Ponta t 1637 oti t
1420 Itutan t? 1493 Paicoge t 1566 Massacara t 1638 Guana
1421 Macapa t? 1494 Tembe 1567 Tupina t 1639 Opale
1422 Ouay t 1495 Guaja 1568 Camuru t? 1640 Cucura t
1423 Marourioux t? 1496 Gurupy 1569 Tupiniquin t? 1641 Avahuguai
1424 Custumi t? 1497 Mehin t 1570 Gueren t 1642 Paiguassu
1425 Macuani t? 1498 Urubu 1571 Sapuia t 1643 Carima t?
1426 Oiampi 1499 Guajajara 1572 Maraca t 1655 Taioba t?
1427 Camacom t? 1500 Tobajara 1573 Aimbore t 1645 Cheiru
1428 Cussari t? 1501 Uruati t 1574 Catethoi t 1646 Tanygua t?
1429 Tamocom t? 1502 Cururi t 1575 Cutacho t ,1647 Apapocuva
.1430 .Apurui 1503 Teremembe t? 1576 Camacan t? 1648 Panh
1431 Paiquipiranga t? 1504 Gamela t 1577 Pedra Branca t 1649 Mbya
1432 Guaiapi t? 1505 Anapuru t 1578 Patacho 1650 Guayaqui
1433 Arua t? 1506 Aranhi t 1579 Tocolo t 1651 Avachiripa
1434 Nhengahiba t? 1507 Guanare t 1580 Tucanugu t 1652 Guayana t?
1435 Pacaja t? 1508 Poti t 1581 Manhan t 1653 -Ivitorocai
1436 Duludi 1509 Chacamecra t 1582 Baena t? 1654 Chiqui t
1437 Caiapo (Norte) 1510 Cucoecamecra 1583 Aimore t 1655 Chiripa
1438 Juruna t? 1511 Crenge (Bacabal) 1584 Cumanacho t 1656 Tain t
1439 Arupal t 1512 Creapimcatage 1585 Giporoc t 1657 Ivapare
1440 Gorotire 1513 Caracatage t 1586 Machacali 1658 Catanduva
1441 Cruatire 1514 Piocobge 1587 Crecmun t? 1659 Yvytyigua t?
1442 Suia 1515 Cricatage 1588 Maquinuca t 1660 Cabelludo t?
1443 Manitsaua 1516 Crenge (Cajuapara) t 1589 Menian t 1661 Chiqui t
1444 Caiabi 1517 Apanhecra 1590 Nahnamuc t? 1662 Dorin t?
1445 Bacairi 1518 Ramcocamecra 1591 Urufu t 1663 Caingang (Parana)
1446 Orarimugudoge 1519 Quencatage t 1592 Bacuen t? 1664 Gualachi t
1447 Caiamo 1520 Poncatage t 1593 Nacnhanuc 1665 Pinare t
1448 Etagl t? 1521 Craho 1594 Capocho t 1666 Bituruna t?
1449 Phoi 1522 Purecamecran t 1595 Panhame t
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1667 Chocren 1706 Caiotugui 1746 Empiru t 1782 Camiare t
1668 Arechane t? 1707 Toba 1747 Lengua t 1783 Comechingon t
1669 Tape t 1708 Choroti 1748 Guatata t 1784 Henia t
1670 Caingang 1709 Izocenyo 1749 Magach t 1785 Sanaviron t
(Rio Grande do Sul) 1710 Chicha t 1750 Mocovi 1786 Colastine t
1671 Paranae t 1711 Lipe t 1751 Mahoma t 1787 Caracara t
1672 Taruma t? 1712 Chango t 1752 Abipon t? 1788 Charrua t
1673 Guarambare t? 1713 Loa t 1753- Mepene t? 1789 Minuane t
1674 Apacachodegodegi t 1714 Atacama t? 1754 Yaaucaniga t? 1790 Bohane t
1675 &obatin t? 1715 Omaguaca t 1755 Gulgaissen t? 1791 Yaro t
1676 Itatin t? 1716 Nocten 1756 Matara t 1792 Chana t
1677 Lichagotegodi t 1717 Teuta t 1756 Santiago del Estero 1793 Chana-Timbu t
1678 Tereno 1718 Ocloya t? 1757 Guacara t 1794 Chana-Mbegua t
1679 Caduveo 1719 Tayni t 1758 Juri t 1795 Mbegua t
1680 Gotocogegodegi t 1720 Oxota t 1759 Lule (Grande) t? 1796 Timbu t
1681 Eyibogodegi t 1721 Vejoz 1760 LULE (CHICO) t? 1797 Coronda t
1682 Guetiadegodi t 1722 Huexuo 1760 Isistine t? 1798 Carcaranya
1683 Imono t 1723 Mataguayo 1761 Tonocote t 1799 Querandi t
1684 Moro 1724 Mataco 1762 Diaguita t 1800 Puelche (Cuyo) t
1685 Aguiteguedichaga 1725 Guisnay 1762 Quechua (Argentino) 1801 Het t
1686 Laipisi t? 1726 Axluslay 1763 Picunche t 1802 Tubichamini t?
1687 Yaperu t 1727 Guentuse t? 1764 Pehuenche 1803 Puelche t?
1688 Tunacho t 1728 Imaca t? 1765 Mapuche 1804 Leuvuche
1689 Horio 1729 Chunupi t 1766 Cuncho 1805 Poya t
1690 Ebidoso 1730 Umuapa t? 1767 Chilote t? 1806 Caraica t?
1691 Sarigue t 1731 Pasain t 1768 Serrano 1807 Payniquen
1692 Caipotorade t 1732 Abucheta 1769 Pichihuilliche 1808 Inaquen
1693 Zatienyo 1733 Pesatupe 1770 Manzanero 1809 Chono t
1694 Echoaladi t? 1734 Vacaa t? 1771 Pehuenche t 1810 Teuex t?
1695 Casquiha 1735 Atalala t? 1772 Moluche 1811 Caucahue t
1696 Tumereha 1736 Yecoanita t 1773 Diviche 1812 Lecheyel t
1697 Sanapana 1737 Malbala t 1774 Ranquelche 1813 Yequinahue t
1698 Layana 1738 Vilela t 1775 Taluche 1814 Enoo t
1699 Angaite 1739 Yooc t 1776 Chiqulyami t 1815 Alacaluf
1700 Enenslet 1740 Ocole t 1777 Millcayac t 1816 Aduipliin t
1701 Lengua 1741 Aguilot t? 1778 Allentiac t 1817 Selcnam (Norte)
1702 Sapuqui 1742 Pilaga 1779 Olongasta t 1818 Selcnam (Sur)
1703 Naperu t 1743 Carraim t 1780 Huarpe (Puntano) t 1819 Haux
1704 Mascoi t 1744 Enimaca 1781 Michilingue t 1820 Yahgan
1705 Machicui t 1745 Nohaague t
70 65 60 55 50
0 l17o
0 37 1709 1 7'1687
1 26167
16 8 6
879
17121710
\ 171607
1 8 12S169
694 16 e 1638
627
1691
1 74 1199 1707
, I737 72 708
2 1 70 1211
1703 1 79I 17
114k7621llJ
71572P
717341706
1704 721M7067
17145 1767 17 70 F 3 6
174 7 61211 rM7 169
I 14171873
1715 07734
1471744 %
It 1P3 172 0 727 17p 61 14 6 16 6 5 16
171738 17 0 7I
25 1761 1750 ~ 9 1707 16949 1632 16 1 1641632
S1753
17,75
175
6 ,7 5 2
IN M 3 1750 1707 175 16788 164 8336 t6 5 16
17\ 9 175 1750 90
17 5 17 9 18632
1766
177 6 1762 7 17950 1793
30 763 2 1787
78 1781787
7,? -- /35
1773 1800 19
1772
7 4'e 1803
17774
1776 18031741
1763 4 173 1 6 1800
18 07981803 1802 1
7 o1803 1 40
40 j
1807
1 ,765 ' ..,6 7/--

76 1769 "-77
0 6 1805
060 I200
75 1 o07
768 - 45
180.61807
71808
07604
1808
16 1lo0 - 50
O Its I
MILES
O 100 200
0~~ s I I I
seesis 55
75 7'o~hB so so as so
If we accept the classification presented above for the
moment, we may comment briefly on the distribution of the

linguistic families there listed. Of them all, only Eskimoan
is not represented in Latin America. Na-Dene was represented,
at the time of the Conquest, by southern outliers, now
extinct (?), of the Apaches. In post-Conquest times, even
until fairly recent date, Apaches crossed the Mexican border
freely and spent a portion of their time to the south of it.
At present, however, there are no longer any of them resident

in Mexico. Algonkin-Mosan is represented only by recent
migrants to Mexico, the Kickapoos. Both Macro-Penutian and
Hokan-Siouan are well represented on both sides of the border,
each of them extending well to the south, the former as far as
Panama, the latter to Nicaragua, in the period immediately pre-
ceding and following the Conquest. Macro-Otomanguean is the
only Middle American family limited to that area. South
American Arawakan and Cariban extend north into the Antilles,

Macro-Chibchan well up into the Central American mainland.
Unclassified languages in Mexico and Central America are
relatively few in number. Only two other families of consid-
erable extent are found to the south, Macro-Ge and Macro-Tupi-
Guarani in Brazil, the latter spilling over into neighboring
countries. Smaller families are Quechumaran in the Central
Andean highlands, Catuquinan, Tucanoan, and Panoan in the
Amazonian headwaters, Macro-Guaicuruan in the Gran Chaco,
Araucanian in Chile, and Chonan in Argentina. There are 38
still smaller families running all the way from Mocoan in
Colombia to Alacalufan in Tierra del Fuego. Finally, there
are in this same area a couple of hundred single unclassified
languages.
The great increase in the number of unclassified small
families and single languages as one goes from north to south

is a direct reflection of the quantity and quality of descrip-
tive materials available on these languages. It is, further-
more, an index of the limits of the field of research covered
by Boas, Sapir, Bloomfield, and their students. Moreover,

there is a fairly clear methodological line of demarcation
between those families of languages where some semblance of
comparative and reconstructive method, whether explicitly
or intuitively applied, lies behind the classification, and
those where the attempted classification is doubtfully genetic
and where no attempt at comparison and reconstruction has been
made.
The only full reconstruction thus far carried out for any
family of American Indian languages is probably that of Bloom-
field (1946) for Proto Central Algonquian. An attempt to

reconstruct Proto Azteco-Tanoan was made in 1937 by Whorf and
Trager (1937) with a tentative sound-correspondence matrix.
This attempt was based on Trager's (1942) work with Tanoan
and on Sapir's (1913, 1914, 1915) and Whorf's (1935) work in
Uto-Aztecan. A fairly full matrix was presented for Otomian
by Newman and Weitlaner (1950). A partial matrix for Mayan
was published by Halpern (1942). Partial matrices for various
North American families exist in the personal files of a num-
ber of linguists. The writer is not aware of the existence
of any such matrices, however, for language families south of
Mexico.
Resulting from the largely intuitive application of com-
parative and reconstructive method are, for example, Sapir's

(1929) classification of Central and North American languages,
Ecker's (1939) proposed Mixtec-Otomi grouping, and McQuown's
(1942) proposed Macro-Mayan. Portions of Sapir's (1929)
classification are made explicit in published articles.
None of the classifications of languages to the south of
Mexico is based explicitly on comparative and reconstructive
method. From internal evidence in the published materials it
would seem that the authors of most of them are not aware of
the necessity of following the principles of this method in

their work. Even those who have some awareness of the short-
comings of inspection unleavened by sophistication in compara-

tive and reconstructive method are inadequately trained in
this field. Until more people receive training in historical
linguistic techniques we may expect no improvement in the
classification of Latin American indigenous languages.
The reality of Mizocuavean (Radin 1915; Mason 1940) as a
self-contained linguistic family is doubtful, although it is
quite probable that Huave belongs to some more inclusive group-
ing, such as Macro-Mayan (Swadesh 1954) or Penutian (Freeland,
with notes by Sapir 1930). Zoquean (Wonderly 1949) as a sub-
family will certainly hold up, and its membership in the larger
Penutian (Sapir 1929) or Macro-Penutian (Whorf 1935) groupings
is likely.
The evidence (Weitlaner 1941) for Macro-Otomanguean unity

is weak, although subdivisions of it such as Otomian (Newman
and Weitlaner 1950) are certain. Ecker's (1939) arguments for
a particularly close relationship between Otomian and Mixtec
within the larger group are unconvincing.

Tarascan in Mexico remains isolated, as does Cuitlatec.
The language of the extinct Olmecs will probably remain a
subject of conjecture. Sapir (1929) hinted that Xinca might
be Penutian, as might Lenca also, but left the Penutian affili-
ation of Paya and Jicaque in doubt. Jicaque is now considered
to be Hokan (Greenberg and Swadesh 1953). Since there is no
extant material on the Pupuluca of Conguaco, its affiliation
is uncertain.
Sapir (1929) felt that Misumalpan was as exclusively

Central American as Macro-Otomanguean, but Mason (1950, follow-
ing Lehmann 1920) places it, as does Jijdn y Caamaffo (1943),
within a Macro-Chibchan grouping. Lehmann's reasons seem to be
largely cultural, as no satisfactory comparative linguistic
evidence is presented. Casual inspection of Miskito and Sumo
vocabularies show a similarity that can hardly be due to
borrowing. The Matagalpa (Brinton 1895; Lehmann 1920) material
is so scanty, however, as to make any conclusion as to its
relationship with these highly venturesome.
The subdivisions of Chibchan (within a suggested Macro-
Chibchan) as presented by Mason (1950) are those suggested
by Jij6n y Caamafo (1943). The latter's reasons for sub-
dividing as he does are weak, although the similarities apparent
on inspection make genetic unity of the component languages
likely. The concepts "archaic," "evolved," and "intermediate"
as applied to Chibchan subgroups do not point to careful com-
parison and reconstruction as a basis for the classification.
On the contrary, his elaborate tabulation (1943: IV) of

"correspondences" is largely wasted effort, since there seem
to be as many "irregular" correspondences as regular ones. The
concept of sound-correspondence matrix is nowhere explicit in
Jij6n's lengthy treatment, although it is implicit in his Proto-
Chibchan vowel triangle (1943: IV.86). He does not, unfortu-
nately, attempt to reconstruct a parallel system of consonants,
and, even if he had, the hit-and-miss method of assembling the
evidence would have produced no viable conclusions. One cannot
use even Jij6n's tables as trustworthy compilations of raw

materials, since the number of errata in the volumes is con-
siderable. The -number of unclassified languages and dialects
within the various Chibchan subgroups remains large.
The internal classification of the Cariban languages is
at present still mainly geographical. Mason (1950:226) adopts
those of Schmidt (1926b) and Simpson (1940) as a basis for his
classification, since they "are the most detailed."
Mason (1950:209) terms the correct grouping of the
Arawakan languages "an impossible task," and bases his own
classification on a geographical grouping with Schmidt's (1926b)
subdivisions. "No comprehensive classification on a linguistic
basis accompanied by evidence has ever been attempted." Typical
of the attempts at assigning languages to the family is that of
Crkqui-Montfort and Rivet (1921a, 1922, 1923):"an exhaustive
comparative study" (Mason 1950:219) designed to place Tacanan
in the Arawakan family. Only 101 words are compared. Of these,
65 "are either identical or very similar in Tacanan and Panoan,
so similar that the presumption is for recent borrowing....."
Of the words compared," 60 occur in only one language...and are,
therefore, presumably not original in these stocks,..."
Arawakan similarities, on the other hand, are even more suspect:
"...since 25 Tacanan vocabularies are compared with 65 Arawakan
ones, a large number of fortuitous resemblances would be ex-
pected, many of them occur in only one language; in many others

the meaning is greatly changed." "No rules of sound change are
suggested and none are apparent." It would be difficult to
formulate a more damning indictment of their comparative
linguistic procedures. One could almost use reactions to
Crequi-Montfort and Rivet's classifications as a touchstone to
separate the linguistically sophisticated from the linguistic-

ally naive in matters of genetic classification of language.
For example, Mason (1950:224) and LaBarre (1946:575) reject
their (1921b, 1925, 1926, 1927) identification of Puquina
as Arawakan. Schmidt (1926b), Loukotka (1935), and Jij6n
y Caamafo (1943) accept it. Harrington (Mason 1950:224) is
"convinced of its validity."
Mason (1950:287) combines Ge and some eight other stocks
into a Macro-Ge whose genetic unity is "considered as far from
proved." The internal classification of Ge itself is based on
that of Lowie and M4traux for the tribes. The criteria are
"present political association, cultural resemblance, and geo-

graphical propinquity," that is, they are nonlinguistic. Mason
made a brief comparison of vocabularies the results of which
suggest a linguistic classification which cuts across the cul-
tural subdivisions. Mason believes, particularly in view of the
fact that resemblances are found (1950:291) "in common basic
words," that it is probable that Ge, Caingang, Camacan,
Machacali, Purl, Malali, Coropo, and Botocudo are all related.
A counting of possible cognates gives very low percentages of
correspondence, however, all of them under 20 per cent (see

Greenberg 1953:270).
Mason's Macro-Tupi-Guarani is put forth very tentatively.
The only reasons mentioned for including Miranyan, Huitotoan,
and Zaparoan with Tupi-Guarani in a large stock are geographic
contiguity (Mason 1950:236), Rivet's (1911) "evidence" for

Miranya, and Harrington's (Mason 1950:243) "conviction" with
respect to Huitoto. No documented study of the internal
divisions of Tupi-Guarani on a linguistic basis has been made.
External evidence points to a largely post-Conquest spread for
the language, .and in only four hundred years one would expect
at most small dialectal divergences. In such a situation only
a very thorough and detailed comparative and reconstructive
study, supplemented by a dialect survey culminating in a
linguistic atlas, would establish the lines of internal differ-
entiation. The inclusion of Miranyan is based only on Rivet's
(1911) "not entirely convincing" (Mason 1950:243) evidence,
which is limited to lexical materials. Muenane, included under
Miranyan by Mason, is thought by Tessmann (1930) to be a mix-
ture of Ge and Carib--"a doubtful conclusion," according to
Mason (1950:246). Zaparoan internal classification is in a
state of "utter confusion" (Mason 1950:248).
Mason (1950:196) proposes a Quechumaran family of lan
guages consisting of Quechua and Aymara. According to Mason,
the "phonetics and morphology show a relatively common pattern
and many close similarities, but the lexical roots seem to have
little in common except a large number, possibly as much as a
quarter of the whole, obviously related and probably borrowed
by one or the other language." The evidence Mason cites is
evidence only for borrowing and not for common genesis. Uhle
(1912) insists that "toda relaci6n entre el Aimard y el
Quechua consiste en un paralelismo y una analogia general, pero
sin relaci6n fonetica" and that "los fundamentos de ambas
lenguas son diferentes, como lo prueba el ochenta por ciento
de palabras distintas..." (quoted in Jij6n y Caamafo 1943,

III:604). Neither Jij6n y Caamaffo nor Mason take this argu-
ment seriously. On the contrary, Mason (1950:197) thinks
Jij6n's arguments in favor of common genesis "cogent." Jij6n's
(1943, III:605) principal argument is that "su estructura
gramatical es fundamentalmente la misma." In the subsequent
discussion, he demonstrates only that, treats phonetic corres-
pondences in a cavalier fashion, and pushes the period of
unity into the dim and distant past. Arguments from morphology
alone, unsupported by a substantial corpus of lexical material
in which regular sound correspondences from language to lan-
guage are demonstrated, can never be conclusive (but see Swadesh
1954:329).
Tucanoan is isolated, and its subdivisions are tribal and
geographical (Mason 1950:259). The same may be said of Panoan
(Mason 1950:263).
Mason (1950:201-2) includes Mataco, Maca, and Guaicuru
under the heading of Macro-Guaicuruan. The resemblances
between Mataco and Maca are mainly lexical, in common and

fundamental words, "many of them practically identical." Since
"no sound-shifts were noted with enough examples to warrant
any suggestion of rules," it is possible that extensive bor-
rowing may account for the similarities. Morphological simi-
larity is the basis for the inclusion of Guaicuru. The case
needs further investigation.
The internal classification of Araucanian has not yet

been worked out on a linguistic basis (Mason 1950:308). Mason
(1950:310) states that Tehuelche and Ona (two parts of the
Chonan linguistic family) are "rather closely related," but
cites no evidence. One assumes that the relationship is
apparent on inspection (see now Swadesh 1954:329-32).
Mason feels that Rivet's claims for Australian kin for Chonan
languages have been condemned "without sufficient scientific
consideration." On the contrary, it is precisely such consid-
eration that forces linguists to write "not proved" after such
attempts. Even if such relationships did exist (the negative
can never be proved), the methods used by Rivet could never
demonstrate them. Mason should be reminded of his own evalu-
ation of Rivet's attempts to place Tacanan in the Arawakan

family. Rivet's methods are the same in both instances. How,
then, can one look with favor on the one, and reject the other?
The classification of Latin American indigenous languages,
as presented in Mason's summary articles and as outlined here,

can only be handled, then, with the greatest of caution and
reserve. In the case of those languages which are so far from
each other in time that their original unity is not readily

apparent on inspection, the lack of sound comparative and
reconstructive method makes all attempted combinations suspect.
With families of languages whose original unity is obvious to

superficial inspection, on the other hand, the lines of inter-
nal differentiation have not been worked out, and attempts at
writing history based on extant classifications are bound to
fail. Examples of the first category are Mason's Misumalpan
and Quechumaran, of the second, Tupi-Guarani and Quechuan. The
proof or disproof of original Miskito-Sumo-Matagalpa unity can
be obtained only on the basis of careful descriptions of the
sounds and forms of the extant dialects, by a careful combing
of all available lexical materials for possible cognates, by
the establishment of a viable sound-correspondence matrix for
the languages being compared, by the testing of further lexi-
cal material with the established matrix, and by a tracking
down of noninherited material (revealed by its failure to pass
through the matrix) to its languages of origin. The linguis-
tic history of the Tupi-Guaranian and Quechuan dialects can
be approached via a dialect survey, can be further elucidated
through a detailed description of carefully selected dialects,
and can be definitively determined by the establishment of
correspondence matrices for these. Since the length of time
that these languages have been diverging is relatively small
(500 to 1,000 years), the amount of change will not have been
great, and only the most careful ferreting out of minute
differences will make it possible to trace the lines of
linguistic differentiation and of geographic movementand new
cultural contacts of their speakers.
Since we are thus obliged to face up to the inadequacy of
MCQUOWNJ Indigenous Languages of Latin America 563
present linguistic classifications in our area, we might now
pose the question as to what selected portions of the Latin
American indigenous language field might profitably be
tackled in order to make some headway toward the solution of
typical problems.
Most urgent are descriptive studies of languages near

extinction. With others we may pick and choose according to
the nature of our problem--with these we have no choice but
to salvage whatever we can. Typical of such obsolescent lan-
guages are Piraha (Z.31.b.)(conservative monolinguals; 90 in

1923; one of two extant languages of the isolated Muran stock);
Atacama (Z.35.a.)(only surviving language of the Ataguita
stock; very few speakers left); Cholon (Z.39.)(an isolated
language; a few left; results of previous studies could be
utilized, if a thorough modern study were made); Palmela
(Z.39.)(southernmost Cariban language?; 400 in 1900; remnant
or outlier?); Amuexa (Z.39.)(an isolated language being re-
placed by Quechua; 100 monolinguals in 1930; Arawakan? only
extant language of Panatahuan stock?); Andaqui (Z.39.)(an iso-
lated language being replaced by Quechua; 630 in 1851; sub-
group of Chibchan?); Ariqueme (Z.39.)(an isolated language;
60 in 1912; Chapacuran? Tupian?); Auixira (Z.39.)(an isolated
language; 55 in 1925; Tucanoan? Zaparoan?); Cauqui (Z.39.)(an
isolated language; small groups; a more differentiated variety
of Aymara? a sister language?); Canichana (Z.39.)(an isolated
language; 1939 in 1831; an independent stock?); Movima (Z.39.)
(an isolated language; 1238 in 1831; independent?); Cayuvava
(Z.39.)(100 in 1909; independent?); Itonama (Z.39.)(300 in
1914; independent?); Leco (Z.39.)(500 in 1906; independent?);
Taruma (Z.59.)(500 in 1837; Arawakan?); Colorado [I.2.a.@.(2).
(a).] (300 in 1950; Chibchan?; separated for over 300 years
from the highland groups); Catacao (Z.39.)(still spoken?; only
remaining language of a sizable group including Sec, Tallan,
Sechura, Colan, Piura, Chira); Yaruro (Z.39.)(150 in 1950;
independent?); Uru (Z.39.)(being replaced by Aymara; 100 in
1931; Arawakan remnant?); Juma (Z.39.)(some left; Cariban?
independent?); Tucuna (Z.39.)(small number left?; independent?
Arawakan influences9); Guato (Z.-39)(50-75 in 1950; independ-
ent?); Paranauat (Z.39.)(100 in 1938; Tupian? independent?);
Trumai (Z.539.)(50 in 1938; independent?); Patacho (L.6.)(16 in
1938; language not extinct?; independent?); Guayaqui [M.1.a.C.
(4).?] (500 in 1920; a conservative kind of Guarani?);
Sebondoy (Z.l.a.)(1700 in 1941; only remaining member of the
Mocoan stock; Mocoa proper replaced by Ingano; possible
influences of earlier Mocoan speech on this aberrant variety
of Quechua?; Chibchan?).
Less urgent but necessary studies for tracing migration
history via language distributions need to be carried out in
Cariban (J.)(point of origin and dispersion between the upper
Xingu and the Tapajoz?), Arawakan (K.)(point of origin and
dispersion between the Orinoco and the Rio Negro?), Tupi-
Guaranian (M.1.)(point of origin and dispersion in the region
of the Paraguayan Parana?), Quechuan (N.1.)(point of origin
and dispersion in the Peruvian or Ecuadorian montania?), and
Chibchan (I.2.)(point of origin and dispersion in the Colom-
bian highlands?). Such studies would start with detailed
descriptions of a limited number of geographically represent-
ative local varieties and would spread out into a broad survey
of the dialect atlas type of a considerably larger number of
such local varieties. The few descriptions in depth would
serve a double purpose: (1) they would be used as a basis
for comparative studies directed toward setting up the proto-
language and toward retracing in detail the history of each of
the local varieties; (2) they would be used, furthermore, as a
guide for the preparation (a) of the grid of communities to be
included in the atlas surveys, and (b) of the general question-
naire to be used in carrying out the broad survey. The data
furnished by the broad dialect geographical survey would serve
two ends; (1) they would be used for mapping distribution of
dialect divergences which would indicate directions of migra-
tion, and (2) they would indicate areas of major divergence
not adequately represented in the preliminary series of studies
in depth; further studies in depth could then be spotted in
such areas.
A third general type of studies involves those where a
shift of language has taken place. In some cases the replaced

language is extant and is either known or may be studied. A
number of Toba [R.2.b.n.(l).(i).] speakers, for example, have
adopted the Chiriguano [M.l.a. .(l).(a).] language, and a
group of Mocoan (Z.1.) speakers (the Quillacinga [Z.l.b.])
have taken on the Inga language. In each of these cases, both
the replaced language (Toba) or one very close to it (Sebondoy)
and the replacing language (Chiriguano and Inga, respectively,)
are extant, and it is possible to determine by comparison of
the two what influence the replaced language has had on the
replacing tongue. In other cases the replaced language is
unknown. Its characteristics may only be inferred by a care-
ful comparison of the languages related to the replacing
tongue for the purpose of isolating those features of the
replacing tongue which are attributable to the influence of
the replaced language, and may, accordingly, be presumed to

have been characteristic of it. Examples of this type are
numerous: The Yaaucaniga (formerly?) learned Abipon [R.2.b.(.
(1).(a).], the Cussari (formerly Cariban?) learned Tupi
[M.l.b.(.(7).], the Chane (formerly Arawakan?) learned Guarani
[M.l.a.-.(7).], the Tora [Z.25.b.Ur.?] (formerly Chapacuran?)
learned Guarani [M.l.a.(.(2).], the Arauiti (formerly
Arawakan?) learned Tupi [M.l.b.1.(2).(c). (x).(ii).], and the
Hibito [Z.39.] learned Quechua. Large numbers of languages,
particularly in west central Mexico, and in Ecuador and Peru,
have disappeared under conditions such that their former
speakers are no longer isolable as a group whose peculiar ways

of speaking the replacing language may be studied. Traces of
such extinct languages may nonetheless be discovered in local
place names, and in structurally peculiar groups of loanwords
in the replacing languages.
A fourth general type of studies involves loans from the
culturally important or geographically widespread languages

to the culturally subordinate or more strictly localized
languages. For example, Quechua loans in Araucanian, Lingua
Geral loans in Maue [M.l.b.1.(3).(d).], or Arawakan loans in
Jirajara [Z.8.d.] may furnish valuable information on the
extent and nature of their contact with one another.
A fifth type of study involves the pidginized or Creo-

lized languages in the area, where the amount of loan material
is so large that interesting questions arise as to (i) the
genetic identity of the basic structure, and (2) the pro-
portions and rationale of the various levels of loans from
outside sources. Such languages are Black Carib (H.4.)

(Cariban [J.l.a.a.(2).]? Arawakan [K.l.a.a.(l).]? English
influence? French influence?), and M
(b).] (Chibchan? African influence?).
We hope that in the not too far distant future new

cadres, adequately trained in descriptive linguistics, in the
techniques of linguistic comparison and reconstruction and in
those of dialect geography, will tackle such selected portions
of the Latin American indigenous language field and will bring
in a new ordering of the material which will demonstrate its
validity by the light it sheds on the history of the cultures
of the Indians of Latin America.
REFERENCES CITED
BLOOMFIELD, LEONARD
1946 Algonquian. In: Linguistic structures of native
America, pp. 8-5-129. Viking Fund Publications,
No. 6.
BRINTON, DANIEL GARRISON
1891 The American race: a linguistic classification
and ethnographic description of the native tribes
of North and South America. New York, Hodges.
1895 The Matagalpan linguistic stock of Central
America. Proceedings of the American Philosoph-
ical Society 34:403-15.
CHAMBERLAIN, ALEXANDER FRANCIS
1913 Linguistic stocks of South American Indians (with
distribution map). American Anthropologist, n.s.
15:236-47.
CREQUI-MONTFORT, G. DE and PAUL RIVET
1921a La famille linguistique Takana. Journal de la
Societe des Americanistes de Paris, n.s. 13:91-
102, 281-301.
1921b Linguistique bolivienne: la langue Uru ou Pukina.
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American Anthropologist, Jun., 1955, New Series, Vol.

57, No. 3, Part 1 (Jun., 1955), pp. 501-570

THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF LATIN AMERICA

For the purposes of this survey,.all the American Indian

The descriptive data available on these languages are

able is cast in the mold of Latin grammar. In recent years,

A number of attempts at classification of the languages

Similarity in language may, however, be due to a number

sounds produced by the human vocal organs is limited, similar

over, and. chance will produce similar meanings for some of

necessary historical connection, either. Some similarities in

the problem of distinguishing these various factors one from

Any linguistic structure is in some sense unique. The

system of sounds of a language is that part of it which serves

HuVC Huastec (Veracruz)

No examples at present available.

( ) Not relevant to the comparison.

Note: The numbers and letters refer to the

corresponding point in the matrix below:

e.g., 1-A = Column 1, Row 1 = /p/ (the

turtle pe/ pet *pet 1-A

hammock ( )tun(pil) 5-A

sorcerer ciman Giman *iyiman 6-A

nose a?m Geam *wam 7-A

ear (t) k(ij) u/(un) Chu Eikin *vyuk 9-A

snake kai /an *kaj 11-A

fire qa'q 14-B

arm Qop(ax) kub(ak) Yu kip *Qwap 16-B

six waqaq 7akak Yu w k- *?waqaq 19-A

firewood si ei? *si3 5-C

whistle ?u-p(ij) Gu'b(iy) *swu"p 7-C

crane xo*x ho"h *xo1x 11-C

nipple 7Tim(i ?) 7im(il) *im 1-D

corn xal Yu nal *nyal 3-D

one xug hun(c'ik) *xuI ll-D

wash lok 2-F

seed ?iyax ?iya(la'b) *?iyax 20

drawers we*.(x) Yu ? *we' 25

come a*x ta"(1) *ta'x 25

crane xo*x ho"h *xo"x 27

seven wu-q bu'k Yu ?ik- Chu huk- *?wu'q 29

The correspondences illustrated here may be tabulated under

G i i " e e " a a " o

is made, the following will be found to pass easily through the

Comparative Mayan phonology is still in its infancy.

1. avocado 0'ox ?oh Yu ?066

3. bone pa"q bek(lek) Yu pjk

8. close(the eyes) mufu mutu(w)

10. day .i-x ki'(a-h) Yu ll

14. four kya'xe? /e"?

35. three ?o' (e?) ?o'

In so far as postulated common genesis is demonstrated,

the whole or for a number of subsystemic portions of the whole

determines whether a pair of forms from two languages are

precision its nature. Without a series of such frames for

analogic new creation, and trace the former to their languages

ations, and to the extent to which the material available per-

result from universally human characteristics and are not merely

It is not easy to judge the validity of existing classifi-

to what was in his mind as he proceeded with his comparisons,

for historical relationship. If one deduces from such study

for historical classification which we have outlined, and one

If on the other hand, evidence from similar sources indicates

crane xox ho"h xo1x 11-C

drawers we.(x) Yu ? we' 25

come ax ta"(1) ta'x 25

crane xox ho"h xo"x 27