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Culture Documents
EDITION
E'S
- Contents
Unit Grammar Vocabulary Real life (functions) Pronunciation
present simple and word focus: love opening and closing direct questions
1
Culture and
present continuous
stative verbs
question forms: direct
questions
question forms: indirect
feelings
wordbuilding: adjective and
noun collocations
conversations short questions
questions
identity
pages 9-20
VIDEO: Faces of India page 18 REVIEW page 20
present perfect simple musical styles choosing an event weak forms
2
Performing
already, just and yet
present perfect simple and
past simp le
emotions
word focus: kind
describing performances
intonation with
really, absolutely,
etc.
pages 21-32
VIDEO: Taiko master page 30 REVIEW page 32
past simple and past describing experiences telling stories d and t after -ed
3
Water
cont inuous
past perfect
wordbuilding: adverbs
word focus: get
endings
was and were
pages 33-44
VIDEO: Four women and a wild river page 42 REVIEW page 44
predictio ns word focus: job and work making and responding weak and strong
4
Opportunities
future forms education
wordbuilding: prefix re-
pay and conditions
job requirements
to requests auxiliary verbs
pages 45-56
VIDEO: Everest tourism changed Sherpa lives page 54 REVIEW page 56
modal verbs (1) a healthy lifestyle describing dishes weak forms
5
Wellbeing
first conditional: if+ will
when, as soon as, unless,
until, before
word focus: so
restaurants
disappearing sounds
pages 57-68
VIDEO: Dangerous dining page 66 REVIEW page 68
purpose: to ... , for ... and word focus: long reacting to surprising news weak form of have
6
Mysteries.
so that.
certainty and possibility
art
wordbuilding: nouns and
verbs
-ly adverbs in the news
showing interest
and disbelief
pages 69-80
VIDEO: Encounters with a sea mon ster page 78 REVIEW page 80
oeople talking about an article about listening balance new releases text type: a review
.--:; events to music performing writing skill: linking
re1y, -=-tal king about his dance an article about a survey on the arts ideas (1)
7"C3i:emy performance art arts events
d ,;_xact from a radio an interview about draw ing conclusions the first time text type: a blog post
J::;·amme about recreation underwater discoveries what had happened writing skill:
·-e w ater an article about learning a lesson interesting language
_., ews about what an unforgettable it happened to me
next experience
:eopl e talking about their an article about the the author 's view predictions text type: a covering
:"load ambitions future of work planning your work letter
::-= .om en talking about an article about the the perfect job writing skill: formal
-=-:-s ons economic boom requests style
in China
::.<:-ad fro m a radio a new s item about w riter 's purpose rules and regulations text type: a formal
-as :::.;;·a"lme about healthy traditional dishes consequences letter/email
a news item about modern life w riting skill:
"'
:-::001e discussing the imaginary eating restaurant dishes explaining
::•of t he mind an article about modern consequences
lifestyles
a.. ·e :-::oole discussing an an article about flexible speculation or fact? w hat's it for? text type: a news story
-s-a photo thinking speculating writing skill:
:::: e• at a conference an article about one comparing ideas structuring a news
.., abo ut a mystery of aviation 's greatest surprising new s story
::1-·acc fro m a radio mysteries
:•;;ra'Time about the Nasca
- Unit Grammar
used to, would and
Vocabulary
in the city
Real life (functions)
stating preferences and
Pronunciation
rising and fal ling
7
Living space
past simple
comparison : adverbs
comparison: patterns
wordbuilding: noun -+
adjective
word focus: as and like
giving reasons intonation
pages 81-92
VIDEO: The town with no wi-fi page 90 REVIEW page 92
verb patterns: -ing form holiday activities dealing with problems strong and weak
8
Trav el
and to+ infinitive
present perfect continuous
and simp le
How long?
travel problems forms
pages 93-104
VIDEO: Ques tions and answers page 102 REVIEW page 104
passives shopping (1) buying things linking
9
Shopping
articles and quantifiers wordbuilding: compound
adjectives
shopping (2)
silent letters
pages 105-116
VIDEO: Making a dea l page 114 REVIEW page 116
second conditional medicine talking about injuries sentence stress
10
No lim its
defining relative clauses word focus: take
injuries
and
pages 117-128
VIDEO: Wha t does an astronaut dream about? page 126 REVIEW page 128
reported speech communications technology telephone language contrastive stress
11
Connections
reporting verbs polite requests with
can and could
pages 129-140
VIDEO: Can you read my lips? page 138 REVIEW page 140
third conditional wordbuilding: prefixes in-, making and accepting should have and
12
Expert s
should have and could have im-, un-
word focus: go
apologies could have
sentence stress
pages 141-152
VIDEO: Shark vs. octopus page 150 REVIEW page 152
COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES page 153 GRAMMAR SUMMARY page 156 AUDIOSCRIPTS page 180
Critical thinking
descriptions
Speaking
places
advice
a tourist destination
Writing
text type: a description
of a place
writing skill:
-
design an article about a little choices organizing ideas
town in Puerto Rico
·eak three people talking about an article about writers close reading holiday companions text type: a text
travel tips returning to their roots favourite activities message
people talking about their an article about tourism going green writing skill: informal
holidays travel problems style
an extract from a radio
programme about a wildlife
conservationist
market research interviews an article about two ways testing a conclusion shopping now and in text type: customer
with three people who of going shopping the future feedback
are shopping an article about how to souvenirs w riting skill: clarity:
an extract from a radio negotiate a price buying things pronouns
programme about impulse
buying
;s a podcast about the Marathon an article about life on reading between I'd love to live in ... text type: a personal
des Sables another planet the lines medicine email
an extract from a TV preview two stories about acts of inspirational people writing skill: linking
show about bionic bodies endurance talking about injuries ideas (2)
ess four conversations about an article about isolated opinions news storie s text type: an opinion
;with the news tribes personal essay
Id four conversations about news an article about communication writing skill: essay
headlines community journalism apps structure
telephone messages
nd an inter view with a farmer a review of a book about relevance decisions text type: a website
two stories about Arctic expeditions w here did I go w rong? article
uncomfortable situations an article about the going back in time w riting skill: checking
samurai making and accepting your w riting
apologies
lO
Unit 2
The history of Taiko drumming from
its origins in Japan to modern-day
San Francisco.
Unit 10 What does an astronaut Unit 3 Four women and a wild river
dream about?
l ..
Unit 1 Faces of India
...
•
rs
a good or a bad thing for the local
people. ;,! )
other
:ant to
,..
_//
FEATURES 1 Work in pairs . Look at the photo and the caption. Discuss
the questions .
10 How we see other 1 Where's the girl from?
cultures 2 What's she wearing? Everyday clothes or
How we think about traditional clothes?
cultural groups 3 The photo shows two things that are important in
Nati ve American culture. What do you think they are?
12 Culture and colour 2 Cll Listen to an extract from a TV programme on world
Do quizzes about colour cultures. Check your ideas from Exercise 1.
14 A world together 3 Cl) Listen to the extract again. Complete the sentences.
Find out what globalization 1 People from all cultures need a sense of ...
really means 2 Many Native American children learn to ride ...
3 Wearing the colours of our favourite team says 'We ... '
18 Faces of India
4 Work in pairs . Do you belong to any of these groups? Tell your
A video about the partner about them or any other groups you know about.
photographer Steve McCurry
cultural societies hobby groups
educational classes online communities
family groups sports clubs
GETTING TO KNOW YOU MY LANGUAGE COURSE HOW INTERNATIONAL YOU FEEL FIRST IMPRESSIONS 9
my life A BUSINESS PROFILE
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reading cultural identity • grammar present simple and present continuous • word focus love •
speaking getting to know you
3 a The kids are I are being naught y toda y. So is it a good thing or a bad thing to
Sorr y! have these general opinions? Perhaps
b kids are I are being usuall y very good . the first and more important
question is to ask ourselves if
4 a She has I She's having an exam ev ery w eek.
b She has I She's having some problem s w ith the things we believe about other
her school work. groups are actually true . And in the
case of hats, I don't think it is!
Comple te the pairs of sentences with the present 11 Choose the correct option to complete
and present continuous forms of the verbs. the sentences .
a He (not I feel) relaxed when 1 Jake 's on the phone. He tells I He's telling Pat
he's on a plane. about his holiday .
b He .... ........ . ................................... (not I feel) very well at 2 What do you think I are you thinking of my hat?
the moment. 3 Do you rememberI Are you rememberinglast
summer?
a I (come) from Scotland
4 I hear I I'm hearing you new job.
originally .
·es b I
a I (do) an evening class
(come) -wait for me!
5 Maria's at the travel agent's. She asks I is asking
the dates of the flight.
6 I want I I'm wanting to pass my exams first time.
this year . 7 Sorry, I don't know I I'm not knowing the answer .
b I (do) my homework as soon 8 Do you make I Are you making coffee? Great.
as I get in from class.
a My friend ... .......... . .. ................. .. ............... (look) for a new job Word focus love
in a different company.
b My friend .............. . ................................... .. (look) tired after 12 Work in pairs . Look at this extract from the article.
she's been to the gym. Then look at how love is used in the sentences.
When could you use each expression?
llll- DYNAMIC and STATIVE VERBS ... we all love to feel good about ourselves ...
Dynamic verbs 1 I'd love to! Thanks.
People put the things they meet in the world into 2 I love walking in the rain.
groups. 3 Lots of love, Jenna
Just a moment. I'm putting my hat and scarf on. 4 We love the summer .
Stative verbs 5 Please give Oscar our love.
We know what kind of behaviour to expect. 6 The story of two strangers who fall in love.
(not a1 e knowing) 7 They are very much in love.
For further information and practice, see page 156. 8 I'm loving it.
believe belong mean need seem 14 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions using
understand wonder these stative verbs. Ask one follow-up question
each time .
m.11§1.1 Add the stative verbs from Exercise 9 to the table. 1 remember I first English class?
Then add these verbs. 2 clubs I belong to?
3 how many languages I know?
contain hate like love prefer realize 4 hours sleep a night I need?
remember sound suppose taste 5 any food I hate?
6 prefer I tea or coffee?
Stative verbs 7 food I love?
Thoughts know, ,. A: Do you remember your first English class?
and mental B: No, why? Do you?
processes ··········································· ' .
The senses hear, .
Emotions want, ,.
............................................
• .
vocabulary feelings • listening colours and their meaning • grammar question forms •
pronunciation questions • speaking my language course
8
1 What are two things that make you happinessI
happy? blue 9 death
2 When did you last have some good luck I lucky? green 10 environmentalism
3 Can you tell me if you are brave I bravery?
4 What achievements are you pride I proud of?
5 Do you think anger I angry is a good thing? 5 Do these colours mean the same in your culture?
6 Do you know who the most power I powerful What's your favourite colour?
person in the world is?
Colours
rammar question forms 11 Write indirect questions for these direct questions. Begin
with the words in brackets.
QU ESTION FORMS: DIRECT QUESTIONS
1 How many hours a week do you study English?
- oj ect questions (Can you tell me)
- ;ch colour means happiness in Japan? Can you tell me how many hours a week you study English?
;.a/What uses green as a symbol? 2 Why are you doing this course? (Can you tell me)
i their er questions 3 When does the course finish? (Do you know)
·rs. -ere are they going? 4 How many languages does the teacher speak?
.,at does yellow mean? (Do you know)
?-:·fu rther information and practice, see 5 Which other courses are you doing? (Can you tell me)
·:=g e 156. 6 How many students are there in this class?
(Do you know)
:..ook at the grammar box. Which type of
uestion has the same subject-verb word Speaking my life
rd er as affirmative sentences?
12 Work in pairs. Ask and answer your questions from
=...ook at the quiz in Exercise 3 again. Which Exercise 11.
uestions are object questions? Which are
subj ect questions? 13 Complete these blue and yellow quiz questions with verbs
or question words.
ltalism -rite questions for these answers . Begin
i th the words in brackets. 14 Work in two pairs within a group of four.
lture? Mexicans wear blue at funerals. (who) Pair A: Turn to page 153 and follow the instructions.
Who wears blue at funerals? Pair B: Turn to page 154 and follow the instructions.
- Yellow means happiness in Egypt.
(which colour)
- Some people wear purple on 1 Where the
Blue-footed booby live?
International Women's Day. (what
colour) 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .lives
. in
the Blue House in
Picasso painted a white dove as a symbol
South Korea?
of peace . (who)
- Red means anger in many cultures. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .you
. . know
the name of the country
(what) where the Blue Nile
The United States president lives in the begins?
Whi te House . (who) 4 part of the
USA is famous for
:>renunciation direct questions Blues music?
GETIING TO KNOW YOU MY LANGUAGE COURSE HOW INTERNATIONAL YOU FEEL IMPRESSIONS 13
my life A BUSINESS PROFILE
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1c A world together
Reading 6 Work in pairs. Think of at least one more
collocation with each adjective in Exercise 5. Then
1 Complete the definition of globalization. Use the ask and answer questions with the collocation.
same word twice.
Do you like vegetarian food?
Globalizationis the idea that companies are now
working in many different . . ...................and the
culture of different .... ................................is becoming
Critical thinking examples
similar. 1 The author is trying to describe what globalization
is. Which two types of globalization does she
2 Read the article quickly. Which paragraph(s) talk(s) mention?
about business? Which talk(s) about culture?
8 Giving examples is on.e way of helping to make a
3 Read the article again. Answer the questions. point. Underline examples of these things in the
1 Which two recent experiences demonstrated article.
globalized culture to the author?
1 how popular culture moves from one country
(paragraph 1)
to another
2 Which four things have increased the
(paragraph 1)
connections between countries?
2 globalization in business
(paragraph 2)
(paragraph 2)
3 Which four things do some people think have a
3 how 'national cultures are strong'
negative effect on other cultures?
(paragraph 3)
(paragraph 3)
9 How did the author's examples help you
culture market view identity menu 11 Work in pairs to prepare a survey on how
thing 'international' other students' lives are. Use these
ideas. Then work on your own and ask at least
1 Television is a good example of popular two other students your questions.
5 Drinking tea is part of the English national 12 Share the results of your survey with the class.
Which international items are most common?
6 I try to have a positive .... .....................of changes
in my life.
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5. Then
ti on .
llization
;he a MOf.lH.\10
make a
in the
ount ry
GETTING TO KNOW YOU MY LANGUAGE COURSE HOW INTERNATIONAL YOU FEEL FIRST IMPRESSIONS 15
my life A BUSINESS PROFILE
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
1d First impressions
Real life opening and closing conversations
1 Read the seminar handout. Then work in groups 5 Pronunciation short questions
and discuss these questions.
a CllJ Listen to these exchanges. Notice how the
1 Do the colours and clothes mean the same speakers use short questions to show interest.
thing in your country?
2 What does to be punctual mean in your country? 1 C: I mostly work on web adverts.
3 Do you use first names or surnames in P: Doyou?
your country? 2 P: I'm in sales.
4 Which advice is appropriate in your country? C: Oh, are you?
Which is not appropriate? 3 L: Oh yes, my brother goes to Get fit.
2 ell Listen to two conversations at a business Y: Doeshe?
skills seminar in the UK. Four participants are 4 Y: It's nearly ready to open, in fact.
role-playing 'first meetings'. Which advice in the L: Is it?
seminar handout do they folllow? Tick the points.
b Work in pairs. Practise the exchanges.
3 ell Look at the expressions for opening and
closing conversations. Listen again and tick the 6 Practise the conversations from Exercise 2 with
expressions Paola, Colin, Lucy and Yuvraj use. your partner. Look at the audioscript on page 180.
Which pair of participants do you think gave the
7 Imagine you are a participant at the business skills
best performance?
seminar. Complete the profile information card.
4 Look at the expressions for opening and closing Then do the seminar task. Use the expressions for
conversations again. Which expressions are the opening and closing conversations to help you.
most formal?
First Impressions
Name ..
Task: You are at a
.... OPENING AND CLOSING CONVERSATIONS Company networking event.
Opening a conversation Introduce yourself to as
May I introduce myself? Position many people as you can
Allow me to introduce myself. and arrange to follow
How do you do? My name's ...
Responsibilities up useful contacts. You
Hello, how are you . I'm .. .
only have two minutes
It's 'a pleasure to meet you .
I'm very pleased to meet you. with each person.
Current projectsyou are
Closing a conversation and moving on involved in
networking (n) /' netw3:k11J /
Thanks for your time.
making useful business
It's been good talking to you.
contacts
Let me give you my card.
Let's stay in touch .
Why don't I give you my card? 8 Work in pairs. Compare the information you
How about Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
meeting again? found out about different people in Exercise 7.
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
1e About us
About us
We are a professional travel agency with
fifteen years' experience. We offer advice
for all kinds of travel. We help you find
the perfect holiday destination. We lead
the field in designing personalized trips.
What we do
Our team of experts can recommend
the best accommodation for your needs.
We work closely with small hotels and
guides in twelve countries. We arrange
everything from the first to the last day of
410
.....-%.....:.._- your trip.
riting a business profile 4 Compete the sentences with some of the verbs you
underlined in Exercise 3.
Read the information about Go our way! Who (a-d)
1 Our telecommunications company can
do you think would be interested in their services?
w ith ... of all your communication needs.
ige 180. a families with young children 2 Let our market researchers ...................................the best
groups of friends strategy for your business .
!SS skills c business travellers 3 As a fast food company, we .................................... the way
card. d independen t travellers in healthy food choices .
.ons for 4 Our personal banking advisors ....... ...................................you
you. .2 Writing skill criteria for writing save mone y.
a Read the information again. Choose the 5 Work in groups. Imagine you run a small business
a corre ct option. together. Decide on your company name , field of
lt. work and some current projects.
: text type: website I letter
!If to as
_ sty le: neutral I formal I informal 6 Work on your own . Write a profile to promote
can 3 reader: current customers I possiblecustomers
ollow your business. Use the Go our way! profile and the
purpose: to promote the company I to advertise categories in Exercise 2 to help you.
ts. You
a product
in utes 7 Work in your groups again. Read your profiles
structure: a sequencedtext I separatesections
l.
of text and choose the one which best promotes your
company . Think about the following points.
it w3:k1u/ · ·,ffich features of the text helped you decide your
I .
siness ans wers to Exercise 2a? • accuracy Spelling mistakes do not look
professional!
3 :.:nde rline these things in the text. • clarity Does the reader understand exactly
)U what your business does?
... travel vocabulary
;e 7. _ verbs that describe what the company does
mm my life
GETIING TO KNOW YOU MY LANGUAGE COURSE HOW INTERNATIONAL YOU FEEL FIRST IMPRESSIONS 17
A BUSINESS PROFILE
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lOMoARcPSD|5974606
19
Grammar ICAN
ask and answer questions about things which are
1 Complete the interview with a prize-winning always and generally true, and routines (present simple)
travel writer from London at the prize-giving ask and answer questions about things happening
event. now (present continuous)
1 Q: What . .........................................(this prize I talk about possessions and states: thoughts and
mean) to you? mental processes, etc. (stative verbs)
A: Actually, I ......................................................... (feel) very proud of use different question forms: direct and
myself . I never ... mm (expect) to win indirect questions
prizes .
2 Q: When you sit down to write , how Vocabulary
.............................................................. (you I decide)
.....................................................
5 Write the noun forms of these adjectives.
I
what to write about?
A: I (not I know), really.
angry brave cheerful happy lucky
Sometimes my readers ....................................................... (send)
me ideas . powerful proud sad
3 Q: ...................................... (which places I
.............................................................................
interest) you? 6 WM:I Work in pairs . Look at the adjectives in
A: Oh, everywhere. Every culture ... Exercise 5. How often do you feel like this? What
(have) something special about it. kinds of situations make you feel this way?
4 Q: ... ...........................(you I work) on
ICAN
anything at the moment?
A: I (do) some research for a new talk about feelings and personal states
--- - -------o
ing
ky
[ves in
s? What FEATURES 1 Which word is the odd one out in each group? Why?
y? 1 actor audience dance director
22 Music today dance - all the others are people
How we listen to 2 choreographer conductor musician play
music toda y 3 concert dancer musical show
4 act comedian entertainer magician
24 Learning to dance 5 band choir orchestra singer
Why do we dance? 6 ballet clown drama opera
the m to
26 Living statues
2 CIEi Listen to three people talking about different events.
Tick the words in Exercise 1 they mention .
Entertainment on the street
3 CIEi Listen again . Whichperson is talking about the photo?
30 Taiko master What are the other two people talking about?
A video about a Japanese 4 Work in pairs . Are you interested in the arts? Discuss
art form these questions .
: for 1 How often do you go to concerts, shows or the theatre?
w ith 2 What are your favourite types of events?
>ion to 3 What traditional events in your country or region do
you enjoy?
4 Do you like taking part in things or do you prefer being in
the audience?
vocabu lary musical styles • reading listening to music • grammar present perfect simple • speaking new releases
2a Music today
Vocabulary musical styles 5 Read the articl e again . Discuss the questions.
1 Is it easy to find music stores in town centres?
1 Work in pairs . Discuss the questions . Do you like
Why? I Why not ?
the same kind of music?
2 Why are there more music websites nowadays?
1 What's your favourite album? 3 How do we listen to music for free?
2 Do you like all the tracks on it? 4 Why is it now easier to listen to
3 How do you usually listen to music? international musicians?
2 Ill?) Listen to six music clips. Discuss the clips 6 Are any of the things in the article true for you?
with your partner. Use some of these words. Tell your partner.
ammar present perfect simple 11 Are these expressions used with for or since? Write
two lists .
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
1986 a couple of days a few months
:.:J sales have fallen .
ons. a while ages centuries I was a child July
:-e thing that hasn't changed is our love of live music.
ere have they gone?
last Monday lunchtime my last holiday
centres? some time the day before yesterday years
-=· 'u rther information and practice, see page 158.
owadays?
12 Write the present perfect simple form of the verbs.
:...ook at the grammar box. How do we form the Then complete the sentences so that they are true
• resent perfect simple? Which verbs have irregular for you. Work in pairs and compare your sentences.
" as t participles?
(not I listen) to . .
1 I ........................................................
>r you? for ages.
-:..:nderline four more present perfect simple
sentences in the article. Then choose the correct 2 I ........................................................
(live) in this town for
p tions in these sentences (a-d).
3 I .. (be) in my current job I class
a We know I don't know exactly when the activities since ...
or situations started. 4 I ...........................................
(know) my best friend since
The activities or situations started in the past.
They have I don't have an effect on the present. 5 L (not I go) to
ged c The present perfect is used with for I since and for months.
ard to the point of time when the activity started. 6 I ........................................................
(have) my ...........................................
since
' where d The present perfect is used with for I since and a last year.
online. period of time.
redibly JUST and YET
Complete the text with the present perfect simple
ster
·orm of the verbs. My nearest record store has just closed.
music
I haven't bought any music online yet.
nyl
Digital downloads of albums I've already listened to some music sites.
CD 1
(become)
.........................................................
For further information and practice, see page 158.
the most popular way
to buy music in recent
usic
years, but not everybody 13 CID Match the comments (1-4) with the
(lose) interest
2 ......................................................... responses (a-d). Complete the sentences with
in vinyl records. Sales of already,just and yet. Then listen and check.
so it has vinyl records 3 ....
ds of 1 Have you heard Shakira's new single?
(rise) significantly since 2007. Many buyers are
iIt hasn't 2 Do you want to borrow the new James Bond
younger fans who 4 ......................(realize) that
music. DVD?
music sounds better on vinyl. The price of a
ving 3 Have you seen the musical Wicked . . ...............................?
typical pop CD 5 ...............................................(not I go up) for
ces. a while, but some collectors 6 ......................................................... (pay) 4 I've ...........................................bought tickets to see Stomp in
thousands of pounds for original vinyl records by London!
brds early punk bands. a No, thanks. I've . . ...............seen it. I saw it at
the cinema.
b Yes, we have. It's even better than the film.
0 Complete the sentences with the present perfect c Really? Is that show still running?
simple form of these verbs.
d No, not ............................................ Is it as good as her last one?
be happen not have not hear record sell
Speaking my life
1 Fado singer Mariza ......................................................... over a million
records worldwide. 14 Work in pairs. Act out conversations as in
2 Charanga bands ... ....................part of Cuban Exercise 13. Use these ideas.
culture since the 1940s.
3 Most people in the UK ....................................................... any an album I a song I a track
hoomii music. a book I a magazine I comic
4 Punk music .................................................... much success in a musical I a show I a play I a concert I a film
recent years. an exhibition I a festival
5 What .......................................................
to MTV since Youtube began?
6 How many albums ...........................................your favourite
A: The new Adele album has just come out. Have you
band ...........................................?
heard it yet?
B: No, not yet. What's it like?
vocabulary emotions • listening a dance academy • grammar present perfect simple and past simple •
speaking performing
2b Learning to dance
Vocabulary emotions Listening
1 What kind of things can change your mood? Choose 3 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
the correct option to complete the sentences.
1 What kind of dances are traditional in your
1 That music is so cheerful - it always puts me in region or country?
a bad I good mood. 2 Have you ever been to a dance class or learned
2 That song's so sad. I feel like crying I laughing a dance?
every time I hear it. 3 Do you enjoy dancing?
3 It's a really funny film. I can't stop crying I 4 Do you dance at special occasions? Which ones?
laughing when I think about it. 5 Is there a dance or kind of dance you'd like to
4 TV shows about people's problems make me be able to do?
cry I smile.
5 I love dancing because it cheers me up I makes 4 ClfJ Listen to a dance teacher, Bruce Daley,
me feel sad. talking about his career. Correct the factual errors
in these sentences.
2 Work in pairs. Tell your partner what changes 1 Daley opened the studio when he started
your moods. Use some of the expressions in bold
dancing professionally.
in Exercise l.
2 A lot of young kids began coming when big TV
I don't go out dancing very often. But when I do, it shows started.
puts me in a good mood . 3 Two of his older students became professionals
last year.
4 Once, a very happy young man came to class.
'S CID Listen again. Are the sentences true (T) or 10 CID Choose the correct options to complete
false (F)? the text. Then listen and check.
Daley runs dance classes for professional dancers. Bruce 1 was I has been my teacher for about two
_ His first students were older people.
years now. 2 1started I I've started coming here
3 Many people have found a new social life at during a bad period at work. Bruce's classes are
his studio. great- 3 1 never had I I've never had so much
Traditional ballroom dancing has never been fun! 4 1 met I I've met all kinds of people here.
your popular. Some of them 5 became I have become really
- Daley has seen how dancing can change people's good friends . At first, I 6didn't know I haven't
r learned moods. known how to dance. But I soon 7 realized I have
He's had two careers through dance. realized that you can't get embarrassed - you
- Bruce Daley talks about the role of dancing in just have to dance! Everyone here 8 felt I
ich ones? has felt the same way at some point .
:l like to ;:-eople's lives. Can you think of other activities
;:>eople do to :
make them feel young? keepingfit 11 Pronunciation weak forms
ley,
:: meet people?
al errors
3 have a social life? a CID Listen to four sentences from Exercise 10
change their mood? again. Notice how the verb have is not stressed in
ted present perfect statements.
big TV
ammar present perfect simple b Work in pairs. Practise saying the four sentences.
and past simple 12 Match the pairs of verbs with the sentences. Use
essiona ls the present perfect simple and the past simple
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE and PAST SIMPLE form of the verbs to complete the sentences.
to class. -.;·ici ng has been my life, really.
- this school was the best thing I've ever done. come out I be not book I not enjoy
, injuri es ended my career as a dancer ten years ago . never try I go see I go
the school gave me a new career as a teacher. not be I break start I not watch
.=-:· information and practice, see page 158.
1 Dancing on Ice on TV last month,
but I .........................................................it yet.
at the grammar box. Circle the past simple verbs 2 I first ........................................................River Dance in April and I
md underline the present perfect simple forms. Then . . three times since then!
-1..oose the correct option to complete the rules. 3 I ........................................................
Zumba, but I to
We use the present perfect simple I past simple when an aerobics class a few months ago.
w e don't say when something happened. 4 Jack ...................................................... in the show since he
_ We use the present perfect simple I past simple when .. . his ankle.
we say- or it is clear from the situation -when 5 We . mm tickets for Enrique Iglesias
something happened. this time. We his last concert.
6 When the film Strictly Ballroom
:..:nderline the present perfect simple forms and ... ? It ........................................................
on TV several
circle the past simple verbs in the audioscript on times.
?a ge 180. Which ones have different past simple and
_ ast participle forms?
Speaking ./m y lite
!._ook at the pairs of sentences. Explain why the two
different verb forms are used. 13 Work in pairs. Ask questions with Have you
ever ... ?, Did you (ever) ... when ... ? and When was the
1 a Anya Paseka danced professionally for years . last time you ... ? Ask follow-up questions using
b Anya Paseka has danced professionally the past simple and where, what, who, why or when.
for years.
act in a play play an instrument
2 a The students went to New York for a week.
give a speech sing in front of an audience
b The students have gone to New York for
perform in public tell a joke
a week.
3 a The show was at the Theatre Royal A: Have you ever acted in a play?
all summer. B: Yes, I acted in Macbeth in my final year at school.
b The show has been at the Theatre Royal A: What part did you play?
all summer. B: Actually, I was Lady Macbeth.
reading performance art • word focus kind • critical thinking balance • speaking a survey on the arts
2c Living statues
Reading Word focus kind
1 Look at the photo and write three sentences 8 Read the two examples from the article. Say if kind is an
to describe it. adjective or a noun.
2 Work in pairs. Compare your sentences and 1 ... you'll see a special kind of display ...
discuss what you think it feels like to be a 2 ... not everyone is so kind and generous ...
living statue.
9 Complete the sentences with these expressions.
3 Read the newspaper article. Underline the
a kind of really kind of
parts of the article that tell you:
How kind that kind of thing
1 what a living statue is kind and thoughtful
2 where you can see living statues
3 what similar art forms in history there 1 Flowers! .....................................................................................
!
have been 2 Grunge is ....... ................................................. rock music that starte
4 what it feels like to be a living statue in the 1980s in the USA.
3 I love going to exhibitions and . .
4 Work in pairs. Read the article again and 4 It's ... ..............................you to lend me the money.
discuss these questions. 5 My aunt always gives me the perfect present. She's
1 Who is the main audience for this kind such a . . . .................................................
person.
of performance?
2 What are the main differences between Critical thinking balance
living statues and tableaux vivants?
I
3 What makes a living statue successful? 10 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
5 Find these words in the article. Look at how the 1 What kind of reader is the article for?
words are used and try to guess their meaning. 2 Does the article change your opinion of living
Then replace the words in bold in the sentences statues? How?
(1--6) with these words. 3 Is there anything you want to know about living
statues that the article doesn't tell you?
illustrate (line 15) begging (line 31)
resident (line 28) costume (line 35) 11 According to the article, this type of street performance
pavement (line 30) react (line 47) is not popular with everyone. Discuss the questions.
1 Who feels negative about living statues? What three
1 An actor usually wears a set of special points does he make?
clothes on stage. 2 What does the performer from London say about
2 Don't walk in the road - get on the path. one of these points?
3 Sadly, we see a lot of people who 3 Do you think the author gives equal importance to
are asking people for money in the both views?
street nowadays.
4 The audience was shouting at him, but he
didn't say or do anything in response! Speaking
5 The pictures in the book show what the 12 Work in pairs. Prepare six questions for a survey on
story is about really well. prices and art events in your country or the country
6 We spoke to a person who lives in this where you are now. Use these ideas. Then ask and
area about the traffic problems. answer your questions in groups.
6 Work in pairs. Cover the article and tell your street entertainers I art exhibitions I museums I concerts
partner what you can remember about the
free of charge I tickets I entry price I donation
answers in Exercise 3.
too expensive I about right I not enough
7 Would you like to be a street entertainer?
Why? I Why not? What kind would you be? Do you ever give money to street entertainers?How much is
Tell the class. about right?
living statue busker magician 13 Share the results of your survey with the class. What was
pavement artist sand sculptor the majority opinion about paying for art?
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
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' much is
real life choosing an event • vocabulary describing performances • pronunciation int onatio n wit h really, absolutely,
2d What's on?
IN CINEMAS NOW
e A portrait of an artist
riting a review 5 Writing skill linking ideas (1)
\ Vho is your favourite performer or artist? a Look at the table. Which group of words can replace each
Tell your partner about this person and highlighted word in the review? Write the, words from the
why you like him/her. review in the table .
Read the review of Baz Luhrmann's work. in spite of even though in contrast, because of this,
What kind of information about while but for that reason,
Luhrmann is included? Choose the however, so
correct options (a- d). therefore
l·UDE a his influences
b his plans for the future
!iNOW c his private life b Choose the correct option to complete the senences.
d his work 1 Although I Despite his name is Mark, everyone calls him
Baz.
Read the review again . Underline the
2 Although I Despite working mainly in Australia, he has
info rmation which is factual and circle
had international success with his films.
the opinions. Then find two direct quotes
te the iro m Luhrmann. C Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Make
Thich
any changes to verbs and punctuation as necessary.
\ Vhich sentence (a-d) best describes the
rev iew? Explain your choice(s). 1 They have had box office success despite being unusual
, hilarious
films. (even though)
teresting, a It summarizes several different
2 I enjoyed Romeo +Juliet in spite of not understanding all
opinions .
the dialogue. (but)
It only talks about negative things.
;roups 3 While I love epic films, I didn't enjoy this one.
c It only talks about positive things.
(Nevertheless)
d It's a personal point of view.
4 Although they praised Luhrmann's earlier films, the
liar critics did not like Australia. (In spite of)
gettable Baz Luhrmann is a film director 5 I've seen all of the films, but I haven't seen any of the
.vhose films include StrictlyBallroom, operas. (However)
!fomeo +Juliet, Moulin Rouge! and Australia. 6 His last film was absolutely brilliant. Because of this,
9 dull
have seen every one of his films and in my I'm looking forward to seeing the next one. (so)
opinion, Luhrmann's work just gets better
and better. He says that 'putting on a show'
6 Write a review of an artist whose work you know and
enjoy. First, look at the headings and make notes . You may
J//y, 1as always come naturally to him and that
need to do some research first. Then write about 150 words.
3ollywood is his biggest influence. Although
Use a variety of adjectives and linkers .
'l e is best-known as a film director, Luhrmann
ise 2 rias also directed opera. Consequently, his films
Basic biographical information
1th the are usually exciting, energetic and spectacular.
Facts (life, work)
itements. They have had box office success despite being
Opinions (mine, others)
unusual: in Romeo+ Julietthe actors speak in
. Pay verse, in Moulin Rouge! they sing their lines.
On the other hand, the epic Australiawasn't
7 Use these questions to check your review.
so popular with the critics. Nevertheless, as an • Have you used linkers correctly?
ordinary film fan, I thought it was • Have you expressed clearly why you like this
absolutely fantastic. Luhrmann artist's work?
says the high point of his
career has been 'achieving 8 Read some reviews your classmates have written. Use these
so many of the dreams I had questions to check your classmates' reviews.
as a kid - from going to the • What do you learn about the subject from reading
Oscars to getting a letter the review?
from Marlon Brando'.To • Do you agree with the opinions expressed in the review?
the event me, his films have the
"Cise 1. power of dreams. They
;e the take you into thrilling,
>you. unforgettable worlds.
2f Taiko master
ore you watch 5 I Cfll Work in pairs. Choose the correct option
to complete the sentences about taiko. Then watch
k at the photo and the caption. Discuss the the whole video again and check your answers.
tions.
1 Japanese warriors used drums to make their
"\'hat is the man doing? enemies attackI fear them.
_ How do you think he feels? 2 The essence of taiko is that it's not just people
·Vhat do you think the caption means? drumming. It's the unity of the audience I
drummers amongst themselves.
ey vocabulary 3 In San Francisco, the movement of the body I
the human voice has now been added to
·ad the sentences. Try to guess the missing words. traditional taiko drumming.
After the meeting, my ... ...................was full 4 Taiko drummers sometimes have to play
of ideas. through pain and tirednessI with energy and
- Text messages introduced a new ... enjoyment while practising and performing.
of writing. 5 Seiichi Tanaka is giving North America the
- 'Vh en you're driving, ........................................................
can be chance to enjoy I see the energy and excitement
,-ery dangerous. of traditional taiko drumming.
I like music that has a fast ...
::: Phil Collins was a popular .........................................................
and After you watch
inger in the 1980s and 1990s.
I'm not feeling well today. I don't have the 6 Vocabulary in context
............................to go to class.
a I ct>J Watch the clips from the video. Choose
ad the words in bold and their definitions. the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
e words are used in the video. Complete the
tences in Exercise 2a with the words. b Complete the sentences in your own words.
Then work in pairs and compare your sentences.
beat (n) a regular sound
drummer (n) a musician who plays the drums 1 I think I've ... a dozen or so times.
- energy (n) power and force 2 In this school, there are something like
• mind (n) your thoughts, feelings, memories, etc. ... students.
style (n) a way of doing something 3 I didn't speak English until .... At that point,
tiredness (n) the feeling of being tired I started to learn.
4 I felt better when ... went away.
5 Many people in ... [place] in ... [time] were just
ile you watch fresh off the boat.
1• ...,, Watch the first part of the video
7 Work in pairs. Discuss which art forms (including
.00-0.54). Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? performances, music, etc.) are or have been
• Japanese warriors used drums 2,000 years ago. traditional in your country or countries. How have
_ The sounds of drums told people where a they changed in recent decades?
village boundary was.
3 The sound of drums in Japan has never boundary (n} / 'boundri/ the outside limit of an area or a place
gone away. essence (n} /'es-;ms/ the basic quality
Taiko drumming is now popular in hit (a point} (v} /hrt / reach, get to, arrive at
San Francisco. pioneer (n} /,pa1'm;:i/ somebody who is the first person to do
a new thing
61 Watch the second part of the video unity (n} /'ju:nrti/ a state of being whole and complete
0.55 to the end). Put the events (a-d) in the history warrior (n} /'w;;:ri;:i/ soldier, fighter
f taiko drumming into the correct order .
a About 800 groups started in the United States
and Canada.
b Japanese-American communities enjoyed
traditional taiko drumming.
c People lost interest in taiko drumming.
d Seiichi Tanaka arrived in the United States.
31
really looking forward to that. 8 Work in pairs. Choose the correct option in the
questions.
2 Answer the questions about the blog in Exercise 1. 1 A: Do you fancy to go I going out tonight?
1 When did the writer learn Japanese? 2 A: Would you like to see I seeing a movie?
2 What time of year was it when the writer wrote 3 A: Do you I Would you like the sound of that?
the blog? 4 B: Who's in I on it?
3 What did the writer see at the Tenjin festival? 5 B: Who's it by I for?
4 How many times has the writer been on a boat 6 B: What's it about I of?
on the river in Osaka? 9 Take the roles of A and B in Exercise 8 and act out
3 f>iM:I Work in pairs. Underline the present the conversation, giving answers to the questions
perfect simple verbs and circle the past simple and adding more information.
verbs in the blog in Exercise 1 and explain why ICAN
each is used.
ask for and g ive information about arts events
4 Work in pairs. Tell your partner about a festival
you have been to.
ICAN
talk about things that have happened in a time period
up to or including the present (present perfect simple)
use the correct tense w hen talking about things that
have happened in the past
Descargado (presentChristian
por Ismael perfect Achahui
simple Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
;:rnrl
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
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EATURES 1 Work in pairs. Look at the photo and the caption. Answer
the questions.
34 The story behind 1 What do you think the people are thinking?
the photo 2 Have you ever tried this activity? If not , would you like to?
in the When things go wrong in 3 How many words can you think of to describe
the water this experience?
;ht?
36 Return to Titanic
2 CllEJListen to the introduction to a radio programme. Look at
rie? the two groups of words. Tick the activities and places you hear.
of that? The truth about a famous
underwater discovery Activities
diving jet-skiing kayaking rafting rowing
38 Love and death in snorkelling water-skiing windsurfing
42 Four women and a 3 Work in pairs. Where do you think the best place to do the
activities in Exercise 2 is?
wild river
A video about a trip down a 4 Can you think of other sports and leisure activities connected
dangerous river with water? Do you do any of these activities? Where do you
do them? Tell your partner.
I go swimming in a lake near here but only in the summer.
listening what happened next? • pronunciation d and t after -ed endings • vocabulary describing experiences •
r wordbuilding adverbs with -ly • grammar past simple and past continuous • speaking the first time
1 Look at the photos (A- C). Ma tch the captions (1- 3) a CIJI Listen to this sentence from the secon d
with the photos. story. Notice h ow the speaker links the -ed verb
ending to the t at the start of the next wor d. Do
1 diving in an underground lake in Mexico you hear one sound or two?
2 snorkelling with a whale shark in the
Indian Ocean I actually learned to dive while I was on holiday
3 whi te-wa ter rafting on the Zambezi River in Mexico.
2 to the people in two of the photos b ClfD Listen and repea t the sen tences you hear.
talking about their photo. Are the sentences true (T)
or false (F)? Vocabulary describing
1 The girl was rafting for th e first time .
.
expenences
2 The raft was approaching some rapids.
3 She saw a hippo near the river bank. ..... WORDBUILDING adverbs with -ly
4 The boy learne d to dive because he was bored . Some adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives .
5 He went diving in a dangerous cenote . Sometimes there is a spelling change .
6 He wasn't concent ra ting on wha t he was doing . add -ly: loud-+ loudly
drop -e, add -ly: gentle -+ gently
3 CllE!JWhat do you think happened next? Choose drop -y, add -ily: lucky-+ luckily
one of the op tions (a--c). Then listen to the whole
story and check your ideas. For further practice, see Workbook page 27.
While 11 ........................................................
(work) in the Maldives, I
........ (hear) that there were whale sharks
in the area. That's why I 3 ....... . .............. (begin)
snorkelling -whale sharks are the world's biggest
fish and they aren't dangerous! 1 4
(buy) a snorkel and 5 .................................................... (set out) with
some friends on a boat. Almost immediately, a
whale shark 6 (swim) past the boat. It
... (move) really quickly, but we
........ (manage) to catch up with it. We all
......... (get) into the water and
10
(spend) about two minutes with
......................................................
absolutely wonderful!
:fings rk in pairs . Think of at least two activities you
. do in the manner of each adverb .
cond 11 Write sentences with the past simple and past
verb ::"lgr ily calmly bravely happily politely
continuous forms of the verbs . Use because, when,
rd. Do secretly
while and so.
1 I I take I a photo I I I drop I my camera.
iay 2 They I not hear I you I they I not listen.
.ammar past simple and past 3 I I have I problems I my teacher I help me.
ntinuous 4 We I see I bears I we I hike.
u hear. 5 He I not look I at the road I he almost I have I
PAST SIMPLE and PAST CONTINUOUS an accident.
6 I I fall over I I I run I for the bus.
simple
into the water about a metre away from 12 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about the
'D Oat.
other sentences with both the past simple and the
mom realized pretty quickly that I was missing and
-= came after me.
past continuous forms of the verbs.
:tives. continuous 1 I lost my wallet.
= were going around a small island. When did you realize?
--e sun was shining in through an opening in the roof. Were you shoppingat the time?
=:'fu rther information and practice, see page 160.
2 I met an old friend in the street.
3 A car ran into me.
4 A friend of mine got some good news.
:..oak at the grammar box. Which verb form do we 5 My neighbour saw a robbery.
e to talk about these things?
jective an unfinished and continuing activity or speaking my life
background situation
_ a short completed action or a sequence of action s 13 Work in pairs.
Underline the key event in these questions (1-2) Student A: Think about an interesting thing that
about the rafting story in Exercise 1. Then match happened the first time you tried something new.
water. the questions with the answers (a-b). Answer your partner's questions.
2cident.
1 What were they doing when they saw the hippo? Student B: Ask ten questions and decide if your
2 What did the y do when the y saw the hippo? partner had a good or bad experience.
y fell off. a They tried to get awa y. What were you trying to do?
b They were coming dow n the river. Did you have any special equipment?
my life
..- ••Uiihfiiih'Jll WHAT HAD HAPPENED LEARNING A LESSON IT HAPPENED TO ME 35
A BLOG POST
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
reading unde rwater discoveries • grammar past perfect simple • speaking what had happened
3b Return to Titanic
Reading 2 Read the interview again. Answer the questions.
1 What was the secret mission that Ballard was
1 ClllfllRead the interview with the man who
involved with?
discovered the wreck of Titanic. Match three of
2 How did Ballard and his team feel w h en they
the questions (a-e) with the paragraphs (1- 3).
found Titanic?
Then listen and check your answers.
3 How did Ballard feel when he returned to the
a Did you know you were looking at Titanic wreck in 2004? Why?
when you saw the first pieces of debris?
b How did you discover Titanic? 3 Wor k in pairs. Do you think the remains of Titani c
c How long did it take to loca te Titanic? should be left on the seabed? Or shoul d they be
d Tell me about the experience of seeing Titanic removed and put in a museum? Tell your partner .
again in 2004.
e When did you find out about how Titanic sank?
On 15 April 1912, the largest passengersteamshipever built hit an iceberg and sank in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Titanic had left Southampton, England, five days earlier and was on her first voyage.
In 1985, the explorer Dr Robert Ballard found the wreck of Titanic. He went back to Titanic nineteen years later
to see how it had changed.
It was during the Cold War. I was on a secret EJ I saw champagnebottles with the corks still in. The box holding the
mission when we found Titanic.The US Navy bottles had disappeared long ago. Suddenly, I noticed a woman's shoe.
had agreed to pay for our new underwater Nearby, I saw a pair of smallershoes - perhapsthey'd belonged to a child.
video technology. In return, we had agreed to I felt that the people who had died here in 1912 were speaking to me
use the technology to look for two submarines again. But I knew that other people had been there since my first visit.
which had disappearedin the 1960s. Hollywoodfilmmaker James Cameron had been there. A New York couple
had even got married. I was disappointed. It was exactlywhat I didn't
Not at first, because many ships had sunk in
want to happen. I'd asked people to treat Titanic's remains with respect.
that area. When we realized it was Titanic,
The story of Titanic is not about the ship, it's about the people.
we jumped for joy. Then we realized we
were celebrating something where people See the whole story on the NationalGeographicChannel.
had died. Titanic:The Final Secret
ammar past perfect simple 8 Comp lete the text with the pas t simp le and past
perfect simple forms of the verbs.
teach group of eve n ts (a- c) in the ord er they
.:.ually took place . Wh ich of th e ver bs in the
ues tions. tences are in the pas t perfect sim p le in the
Uard was -erview? Why?
a Ballard fou n d Titanic.
rhen th ey The US Navy agreed to pay for new vi d eo
techno logy.
1ed to the c Ballard agreed to loo k for two subm arines .
a Ballard jump ed for joy.
s of Titanic Many peop le die d .
I they b e c Ballard realized the wrec k was Titanic.
ur par tner. a James Cameron went to th e wreck.
::i Ballard no ticed a shoe .
;: The b ox for champagne b ottles disappeared.
PERFECT SIMPLE
Captain Henry Morgan 1 (be) one of
,_ := .•,ent back to Titanic nineteen years later to see how the most famous pirates of the seventeenth century.
-.ad changed .
In 2010, archaeologists 2 ........................................... (begin) to lift
- · some shoes that had belonged to a child.
cannons from a ship they 3 (discover)
_-;:her information and practice, see page 160. two years earlier, near the coast of Panama. The
archaeologists 4 .... . ............ (feel) confident that
the grammar b ox. Un derl ine w h at the ship was Morgan's main ship, Satisfaction . This ship
__ ened firs t. Th en choose the correc t option to and several others 5 ................. (sink) in 1671 when
e the pas t perfect sim ple to show tha t an pirate attacks, he 8 ............... (ret ire) from pirate
.. t took place before I after ano ther even t in activities to become the governor of Jamaica.
as t.
the
's shoe. se the correct option to comple te
to a child. sen tences . Speaking my life
to me "','hen Titanic h it the iceberg, it was I had been at
st visit. 9 Work in two pairs within a group of four . Read
sea for four days. these puzz les. Th en follow the instructions .
'orkcouple
,'hen Titanic hit the iceberg, it sank I had sunk.
didn't
By the time they sounded the ship's alarm, it Pair A: Turn to page 153 and follow the ins tructions .
respect.
I had been too late.
By the tim e a rescue boa t came, many peop le Pair B: Turn to page 154 and follow the instructions.
lied I had died.
::. \ Vhen Ballard used video technology, he found I fl A sh ip came across a yacht in the middle of t he
ocean. There were no other ships or boats in
111d found the wreck.
the area. The bodies of several people were
By the time Ballar d returne d to the site, several
floating in the water nearby.
pe ople visited I had visited it.
reading an unforgettable experience • critical thinking drawing conclusions • word focus get •
speaking learning a lesson
Dur
mt
driving
39
3d Noway!
Real life telling stories 4 ClfD Look at the expressions for telling stories.
Listen to the stories again. Tick the expressions th
1 Work in groups. Which of these statements (a-d) speakers use.
are true for you? Tell your group.
a When I'm in a group, I listen more than I talk. .... TELLING STORIES
b I'm always telling funny stories about things Beginning a story
that happen to me. Did I ever tell you about .. . ?
c I'm no good at telling stories, but I'm a I remember once ...
good listener. A couple of years ago, .. .
d People say I exaggerate, but they always laugh You'll never believe what happened once ...
at my stories. Saying when things happened
after we saw ...
2 Look at the photo. Which group of words (A or B) after a few days
do you think are from the story of the photo? Then a couple of weeks later
work in pairs. Compare your ideas and explain one day
your reasons. all of a sudden
suddenly
looking after it learned to fly immediately
food and water jump in the air then
empty cage above the kitchen sink the next thing was
searched a lid on a tank while I was ...
everywhere there was some water during the night
having a bath in it
5 Only one of the stories is true. Which one do you
think it is?
3 ClfD Listen to two stories. Which story matches the
photo? What would a photo of the other story show?
6 Pronunciation was and were
a ClllfiilListen to the sentences from the stories in
Exercise 3. Notice the sound fa/ in was and were.
8 Work in pairs.
Student A: Tell your partner about three surprisin-
or embarrassing things that happened to you or t
someone you know. One of the things should be
untrue. Use the expressions for telling stories to
help you.
Student B: Try to guess which of your partner's
stories is untrue.
A: Did I ever tell you about the time I found some
monei; ?
B: No, you didn't.
What a weekend!
g stories . ·ng a blog post
·essions the
·ou read or write any blogs? What kind of The calm after the storm
-gs do people write about in personal blogs? It was pouring with rain all weekend,
· in professional blogs?
so we spent almost the whole time
the post and answer the questions. indoors trying to entertain the kids .
Then, unexpectedly, the sun came out
'ha t is the topic of this post? late on Sunday afternoon. We grabbed
'ha t do you think beach gear refers to? our beach gear, jumped into the car
n o do you think Ellie, Louis and Oscar are? and headed down to the bay. When we
got there, we realized that everyone
main events of the story (a-g) in the
had had the same idea! The beach was
packed . But everyone was staring out
Ellie, Louis and Oscar ran to the sea. to sea and picking stuff up off the sand.
-:be sun started to shine. Ellie, Louis and Oscar rushed down to
was a storm. the water's edge, full of excitement. It
A ship lost a cargo of trainers. turned out that a ship had lost its cargo
They got into the car. in Saturday's storm. Five containers of
They picked up things to take to the beach. Nike trainers had washed up on the
_ They went to the beach. beach! Everyone was clutching odd
shoes, looking for the other one to
riting skill interesting language make a pair! What a strange end to
the weekend!
e do you mpare the post with the sentences in Exercise 3.
ruch verbs does James use instead of the verbs in Written by James 28Feb23.17
Why? See older posts
:::::ircle the verbs and adjectives that James uses
ories in -"te ad of these words.
id were.
•aining full of people looking arrived
ices. Pay ai ding
ore you watch 5 I till Watch the second part of the video (0.46
to the end) again. Answer the questions.
rk in pairs. Look at the photo and the caption.
1 Amber Valenti describes moments of the trip as
en read the information. Would you like to do
'joyful and light' and 'intense'. What scenes in
_s kin d of trip? Why? I Why not?
the video show this?
:!lber Valenti was the leader of a kayak trip down 2 What kind of things do you see when they
Amur River in Mongolia, Russia and China. reach the mouth of the river?
e river is one of few major rivers that flow from 3 Why does Amber Valenti want people to fall in
-c ir start to the sea without dams or reservoirs . love with the 'human aspect' of the river?
River begins in Mongolia and part of its
kilometres marks the border between Russia 6 After watching the video, do you feel differently
- China. The trip took two months to complete. about your answer to Exercise 1?
- difficult to forget 9 Imagine you are going to be away from home for
having strong feelings about something two months. What would you take with you from
- idea home? What essential things would you take in
- one part of a problem or situation each of these situations? Discuss your answers
-:: someone who supports people's activities with with the class.
money, equipment, etc. 1 You're going on an expedition to a place similar
the protection of natural places, plants to the video.
and animals 2 You're going on a long holiday with your
family or friends.
ile you watch 3 You're a professional sportsperson and you're
going on a world trip.
, ....,,.. Watch the whole video. Which of these
·ords do you think describe the experience the free-flowing (adj) /,fri:'fl<iu11J/ when a river or water
·omen had? Give reasons for your answers. moves naturally
intense (adj) /m'tens / extremely strong or powerful
dangerous enjoyable frightening relaxing joyful (adj) / 'd3:J1fal/very happy and cheerful
perspective (n} /p;i'spekt1v / a point of view
• ,.. ,.. Watch the first part of the video showcase (v) /'Jwke1s/ to explain or show something in a
positive way
::J.00-0.45) again. Complete the sentences with the
_"lformation you hear.
Amber Valenti wanted to explore the Amur
River and also to .. . .
_ The people she wanted to invite on the trip
were .. . .
3 Having an all-woman trip was an advantage
with ... .
43
r-.c
•laces? Can
·r? How
rune?
lS.
rowing
'··--..1.·-
- EATURES 1 Work in pairs . Look at the photo and the caption. What kind of
game do you think the children are playing?
1 this
, the story, 6 Will a robot take
2 Did you want to do any of these jobs when you were a child?
your job?
The future of work ballerina film star firefighter footballer pilot
t ate my
police officer rock star scientist train driver vet
8 What's next?
We hear from people facing 3 Look at the words that can describe jobs. Are they positive or
life-changing decisions negative? Which words can describe the jobs in Exercise 2?
was
badly paid boring challenging dangerous dirty
SO A better life?
enjoyable exciting responsible stressful well-paid
One reporter's view of the
economic boom in China 4 ClllfDListen to three people talking about their childhood
md tell
ambitions. Answer the questions for each person.
54 Everest tourism
is stop.' changed Sherpa lives 1 Which job did they want to do when they were young?
2 Which job do they do now or do they plan to do?
1terview.' A video about the people 3 How do they describe the jobs?
e whenl who live near Everest
5 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 4
about your own ambitions .
word focus job and work • reading the future of work • grammar predictions • speaking predictions
rammar predictions 11 Cross out the option which is not logical, as in the
?• example, to complete the sentences .
PREDICTIONS WITH WILL, MAY and MIGHT
1 Hyundai is building a new factory. They may I
will will I we+tf need more workers.
won't 2 Ravi isn't very good at his job. He might I
will certainly/definitely mightn't I won't get a promotion.
job, or a jol: certainly/definitely won't do these jobs.
3 I'm bored with my job. I think I may I mightn't I
obot could may (not), might (not)
will probably
will look for a new one. ·
probably won't
4 The office changes are not important. They
mightn't I will I won't affect our work.
worker "-y further information and practice, see page 162. 5 I've just bought a car, so I might I will I won't
Derson need to learn to drive soon!
Look at the grammar box. Underline the future 6 Don't worry about your exam! You may I
'Om
'arms (verb + infinitive) in the article. might I won't do better than you expect.
.. :_-0ok at the sentences you have underlined in the 12 Write predictions as in the example. Use a form
- arti cle. Which two predictions does the writer think from the grammar box. Then compare your
its are much less certain than the others? predictions with your partner. Do you agree?
1oked at 1 My English exam results I good
l Ch oose the appropriate option to complete the text
about household robots. (probably I definitely)
My English exam results will probably be good
'uture in
because I've worked hard.
edictions
2 Finding a good job I not easy
(certainly I probably)
3 People's salaries I go down
(definitely I might)
4 Unemployment I get better
(definitely I probably)
5 Environmental problems I get worse
(definitely I may)
6 The amount of free time we have I go up
robot? (certainly I might)
rtificial
ta comput Speaking ...(myfile)
e already
e by robots 13 Work in groups. How likely are you to do the
ture. But following in the next two years? Give reasons.
Use future forms from the grammar box in your
different conversations. Add ideas of your own.
:ent of UK 1 buy a motorbike
I
ty years. 2 do a degree
elves 3 get a cat
1utomation. 4 get married
ing other 5 look for a job
ably always 6 make new friends
neers and 7 move house
ers and
ky. The T he robots are coming, according to robot
manufacturers. They say that in five or ten
years, we 1 will I won't all have robots in our
8 travel to a foreign country
A: Are you likely to buy a motorbikein the next
ch of the 35 two years?
t risk than homes. Very soon, robots that can cook and fold
clothes 2 mightn't I will be available . In the future, B: Actually, I might buy one this summer. I'd love
company to do a big road trip across Europe.
t corner here 3 may I won't even be robots to babysit our
London tax children. Or they 4 may not I might look after our
Driverless elderly parents and we 5 will I won't be able to
tthe same watch them from a computer wherever we are.
One thing is certain, we 6 mightn't I won't be
able to live without the help of robots in several
profession
aspects of our lives.
vocabulary education • word building prefix re- • listening decisions • grammar future forms •
speaking planning your work
4b What's next?
Vocabulary education
1 Wha t is your path in education? Look
at the expressions and tell your par tner
what you have done or what you think
you will do .
Listening
3 Have you made any impor tant
decisions recen tly? Work in pairs.
Tell your partn er about one of
your decisions.
I've decided to change my job. I don't want
to work in an office any more.
4 Work in pairs. Look at the women in
the pho tos. Discuss where you think
they are from and what they do.
reading the economic boom in China • critical thinking the author's view • vocabulary pay and conditions •
speaking the perfect job
4c A better life?
Reading Critical thinking the author's
.
view
1 How can these things improve your opportunities
in life? Make notes and then compare with
6 Authors can show things in a positive, negative o
your partner .
neutral way. Read these extracts from the article
the place you go to school and say which one expresses a positive view and
the place you live which two are neutral. Which words help you
the career you choose decide?
your family 1 When the town starts to grow, the cellphone
companies arrive.
2 Read the article quickly. Which paragraph(s) 2 The human energy in one of these towns is
talk(s) about these topics? amazing: the brave entrepreneurs, the quick-
moving builders, the young workers a long
a training and education
way from home.
b the movement of people
3 Another young man I met is learning Arabic
c the development of new towns
and is going to work as a translator for Midd l
3 Read the first two paragraphs of the article. Put Eastern buyers .
these things in the order in which they appear in a
7 Find at least two more sentences in the article in
new town in China.
which the author shows his view. What is his vie'
a street stalls
b cellphone companies 8 Work as a class. How do the changes described in
c clothes shops the article compare to a place or country you are
d construction work 1 familiar with?
e entrepreneurs
f shops Vocabulary pay and conditions
g female factory workers
9 Read the sentences. Which jobs can they describ e
4 Read the rest of the article. Are the sentences
true (T) or false (F)? 1 In this job, people work long hours.
2 Employees get four weeks' paid holiday a ye
1 Most of the population in China is school age. 3 Workers get regular pay rises .
2 About ten million people a year move from 4 The salary is excellent.
their villages . 5 Employees can choose to work flexi-time if
3 Few school leavers in China are interested in they need to.
higher education. 6 There are lots of opportunities for promotion .
4 It's difficult to find training courses in 7 Staff often have to work overtime .
factory towns. 8 All employees are covered by a generous
5 So far, China has focused on making products pension scheme.
for foreign markets.
10 Put the words in bold in Exercise 9 into three
5 Work in pairs. Do you think that the people in the groups: money (M), hours (H) and benefits (B). Th
new towns have a better life than they did in their add these words to the groups.
villages? Why? I Why not?
clocking on and off bonuses
discounts on company products company car
free language classes part-time
health insurance wages
Speaking
11 Work in pairs . What four things in Exercises 9 an
10 does the perfect job have? Put them in order,
1 to 4. Then compare with a new pair. If you hav
different things in your lists, discuss them and t .
to agree on only four.
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
or's
legative o
le article
view and
lpyou
llphone
wns is
le quick-
a long
; Arabic =spoke to Peter Hessler about his experience of fast-changing life in China.
or Middl e
does a factory town begin? And a huge number now live in towns rather than
rticle in eginning of a Chinese factory town is always villages. Every year about ten million people move 30
s his view· .ame: in the beginning nearly everybody is a to the cities. Social scientists predict that the urban
;:ruction worker. They are men who have come population will be 60 per cent by 2030.
scribed in
ryou are • country villages and they are quickly joined by What kind of life do people want?
_,,reneurs. These businessmen sell meat, fruit and
Most people in China have seen their standard of
. =:ables on street stalls. Later, the first real shops
living go up in recent years. Chinese schools have been 35
ar and the same businessmen give up their stalls
itions start to sell construction materials .
very successful and the literacy rate is over 90 per cent.
So the next step is to develop higher education because
' describe .
t comes next? many people are looking for better training. There's a
the town starts to grow, the cellphone huge number of private courses in a Chinese factory
iday a yea: :- anies arrive. They sell prepaid phonecards to the town: English classes, typing classes, technical classes. 40
-ers so that they can phone the families they left One young man I know couldn't read or write when he
d in their villages. When the factories built by the left his village. He now works in a factory and spends
time if a quarter of his wages on training. Another young
- om the villages start production, you begin to
·omen. The factory managers prefer to give jobs to man I met is learning Arabic and is going to work as a
omotion. translator for Middle Eastern buyers. People also have 45
g women because they think they are more hard-
-;dng. After the arrival of the women, clothes shops dreams of a more materialistic life just as people do in
roU$ the West. The new factory towns of China have grown
h oe shops appear. And eventually, you see public
es, like buses, and so on. in order to make products for the rest of the world.
three And now, the workers want to be able to have these
s (B). Ther. .t does it feel like to be there? products for themselves as well. so
uman energy in one of these towns is amazing:
rave entrepreneurs, the quick-moving builders, entrepreneur (n) /,ontr;ipr;i'n3: / someone who starts new
;es ·:oung workers a long way from home . A companies
any car bination of past problems and present-day literacy rate (n) /'ht;irnsi re1t/ the number of people who can
ime _ has created an extremely motivated read and write
materialistic (adj) /m;i,t1;iri;i'hst1k/ interested in possessions
: ulation. There are 1.3 billion people in China and
and consumer goods
_ ? er cent of them are between the ages of 16 and 64.
n order,
you have
mand try
e I enclose my CV
1gand
l tick the ting a covering letter
27 Harbour Road
rk in pairs. Which do you think is the most
:::ml.On way to apply for a job? Tell your Manchester
M21 7PF
7 July 2017
:. 0./ NHN TV
:. ett er
Burton House
:. oersonal contact
:: ::>hone call Bristol
::- application form BS9 2HL
>rm?
Dear Ms Jones,
d the covering letter in reply to the advert
• age 52. Match the information (a-j) with the I am writing in reply to your advertisement in the
of the letter. What (if any) information can Daily Herald for the position of Assistant Researcher.
;,i leave out if you send the letter as an email?
I will graduate in Digital Media this month from
a reference to your CV Manchester University. I have experience in film
the date production and post-production as I have worked part-
_ the name and address of the person time in my university television station for the last year.
you are writing to
the reason for your letter I consider myself to be hard-working and organized
t the Your address in my work. As part of my job with the university
your interest in the position television station, I was responsible for planning
_ your phone number
schedules and programme archiving.
your qualifications
your relevant experience I am available for interview at any time and available
rn ur skills to start work after July. I am willing to relocate if
otice how necessary.
:le full mp are the letter to the style you use in your
-- un try. Answer the questions. I enclose my CV which gives full details of my
Is the layout different? How? qualifications, work experience and skills as well as my
- Does it include the same information? contact details.
- Is the information in the main part of the
letter sequenced in the same way? I look forward to hearing from you.
rork in
Yours sincerely ,
'riting skill formal style
formal letter in English uses these features.
-.:-nderline examples of each one in the letter.
Mark Nolan
_ concise sentences
- formal phrases to begin sentences
- no contractions
standard phrases to open and close the letter 5 Write a covering letter to go with an application for a
job you would like. Follow the layout and style of the
ew rite the sentences in a more formal style. letter from Mark.
I'll finish my degree soon.
: Give me a call. 6 Exchange letters with your partner. Use these
3 I was looking through the paper and questions to check your partner's letter.
I saw your ad, and I thought it looked • Is it clear how to contact this person?
.or t really interesting. • Is the style appropriate?
lto My phone number is on my CV, which I've • Does the person sound like a good candidate?
sent you as well.
- I'll be free from August. 7 On the basis of the letter your partner has written,
would you give him/her an interview? Explain your
reasons to your partner.
4f Everest tourism
changed Sherpa lives
Without Sherpas, it is impossible for
people to climb Everest.
fore you watch 6 I Clll Work in pairs. Look at the list of things
Sherpas have gained and lost. Write G or L. Then
k at the photo and read the caption. Where do watch the second part of the video (1.34 to the
erpa people live? What is the area famous for? end) again and check your answers.
rk in pairs. Do you think Everest tourism is 1 educatlon
;ood thing or a bad thing for Sherpas? Give 2 healthcare
3 clothing
4 wealth
5 a simple life
6 happiness
'ad the sentences. Try to guess the missing words.
Some people do two jobs to increase their After you watch
- ................... .................................... is very different to my 7 What can you remember? Try to answer the
parents' generation. They live quite simply. questions. Then compare with the class.
- One per cent of the world's population owns 1 How did Sherpas learn to tell the time?
forty per cent of the world's ... 2 What was the only thing Kancha Sherpa
There are ................................................ differences between my worried about?
first job and my current job - it was a big shock 3 What did Max Lowe say people are losing?
at first.
:: I'm training to go on the next international 8 Vocabulary in context
....................... . ................ across Antarctica.
1- We live in an .. ..................................................... society, and mainly a I ClfJ Watch the clips from the video. Choose
keep sheep and cows. the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
2.ead the words in bold and their definitions. b Answer the questions in your own words. Then
:he words are used in the video. Complete the work in pairs and compare your answers.
=Cntences in Exercise 3a with the words.
1 Can you remember a time something happened
- agrarian (adj) based on farming to you just by chance?
_ expedition (n) an organized exploration 2 Do you think some people in your country take
or journey things for granted? What kind of thing?
- income (n) the money that you earn from a job 3 If life feels rushed, what can you do to feel
.::. lifestyle (n) the way a person lives, the typical more relaxed?
things they do and own 4 Where do new people usually settle in your
e substantial (adj) large and important (quantity) country?
- wealth (n) the money a person has 5 Can you name any communities who've had
little contact with the outside world?
hile you watch 9 Work in pairs. Tourism changed the Sherpa way
of life. What are the effects of these things on
, - n· Watch the video. Check your ideas from
people's ways of life?
2.
SS
----o
jobs,
ouneed ,
lich job
reasons .
te
:i.en act 1 Find these foods in the photo. Which ones do you eat? How
iuests often do you eat them?
58 Pizza with a pedigree
apple carrot green pepper onion red pepper
Traditional dishes get squash sweet potato
special status
reading traditional dishes • grammar modal verbs (1) • pronunciation weak forms • speaking rules and regulatio
2 Read the news item Pizza with a pedigree. For further info rmation and practice, see page 164.
Answer the questions.
1 Why is Pizza Napoletana in
3 Look at the grammar box. Answer these questions.
the news? 1 Which verb forms from the box are in the news item?
2 What are some of the other foods in Underline the verb forms in both the box and in the
the same group as Pizza Napoletana? news item.
3 What are the rules for an 'au thentic' 2 What form do we use to talk about obligation in the past
Pizza Napole tana? Circle this form in the news item.
3 Two of the modal verbs in the news item do not express
rules. Which verbs?
0 0 D
CID
Pizza with a pedigree
There is pizza - and there is Pizza Napoletana. The two, experts
say, have as much in common as virgin olive oil has with
ordinary cooking oil. Now, authentic Pizza Napoletana
is one of the elite group of European Union-certified
food and drink products- like Scottish Farmed Salmon,
Spanish Melon from La Mancha and English Blue Stilton
cheese. In order to qualify for this list, these food products
had to pass strict tests.
Once a product achievesGuaranteedTraditionalSpeciality
status, other similar productsare not allowed to use the
same name. For example, if your sparklingwine doesn't
come from the Champagneregion of France, you can't
call it 'Champagne'. But be warned:the EU specificationsfor
'real' Pizza Napoletanaare very complicated- it takes almost
as long to read them as it does to make the pizza.To be labelled
'GuaranteedTraditionalSpeciality; the pizza mustn't be over 35
centimetresin diameterand the crust mustn't be more than two
centimetresthick.The ingredientsmust includetype 00 flour and up to 100
grams of San Marzano tomatoesapplied in a spiral.And the cheese has to be
fresh 'Mozzarelladi Bufala'.
Of course, pizza has a long history in Italy.The word 'pizza'first appearedin an AD 997 elite (adj) (n) /r'li:t/ a small gro up of
manuscriptfrom Gaeta, a southern Italiantown. A millennium later, in 1997, political the best
groups in northern Italy tried to ban pizza because it was a symbol of their rivals in pedig ree (n) (adj) /'ped1gri:/ a
the south. You don't have to know anything about pizza's historyto enjoy eating it, of documented history
course. But you should trypor
anIsmael
authentic PizzaAchahui
Napoletana st rict (adj) /stnkt/ precise and rigoro u
Descargado Christian Vilcaat(draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
least once, and see if you
can taste the difference!
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
- ..: the labels from food packaging. Look at the 6 CIIllListen to eight short conversations about the
-::pl e. Write sentences using one of the modal food items in Exercise 5. Complete the notes for
=: in brackets . each item.
1 durian: you aren't allowed to ...
2 fugu: ......................................................
are allowed to .......................................................
suitable for vegetarians 3 hakarl: you have to . .
4 potatoes: you don't have to , ..
I don't have to) 5 oysters: you mustn't ......................................................... .
getarians shouldn't eat this product. 6 eggs: you should ...
7 red beans: ..................................................must .........................................................
.
8 steak: you can ....
NOT SUITABLE FOR PEOPLE
WITH NUT ALLERGIES ferment (v) /fo'ment / to leave food or drink to a natural
chemical reaction
-'on' t have to I mustn't) peel (v) /pi:l/ to remove the skin from fruit or a vegetable
H ave you eaten any of these food items? 9 Work with a new partner. Compare your ideas
- Do you know of any special treatment these from Exercise 8. Do you both agree?
things need before you can eat them? A: When we were at primary school, we had to line
up outside the classroom.
B: Oh, yes! So did we!
DUp of
rigorous
RULES AND REGULATIONS IJ>- CONSEQUENCES IJ>- MODERN LIFE IJ>- RESTAURANT DISHES 59
my : A FORMAL LEnERtEMA1L
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
reading and listening the power of the mind • grammar first conditional • vocabulary a healthy lifestyle •
speaking consequences
Sb Imaginary eating
Reading and listening
1 Work in pair s. Discuss the statements.
Do you agree with them? Give examples
to support your arguments .
1 Self-belief : the difference between a
winner and a runner-up is in attitude,
not skill.
2 Willpower : you can achieve anything if
you think you can do it.
3 Train your mind: people who consider
themselves to be lucky have more 'luck y'
moments.
ammar first conditional 8 Jack and Lin are discussing Lin's efforts to eat
more healthily. Cross out any options which are
• wST CONDITIONAL not possible.
".ou don't train your mind, you won't be able to 1 You won't change as soon as I unless you make an
se wei ght. effort.
never need to buy chocolate again if this 2 As soon as I When you make up your mind, you'll
='.nnique works.
be able to act.
-'..Jrther information and practice, see page 164. 3 I'll weigh myself before I when I start my diet.
4 I'll keep trying before I until I see a change.
;_,')()k at the grammar box. Answer the 5 You won't see any results unless I when you
try hard.
hons.
6 If I Unless you give up easily, you won't achieve
\ Vhich verb forms are used to make the your target.
fu st conditional? 7 If I When you go shopping, don't buy sweets.
Vhere can if go in conditional sentences? 8 I'll follow the diet unless I until I lose ten kilos.
Look at the position of if in the sentences.
Vhen do we use a comma(,)?
\ Vhich of the sentences refers to future
Vocabulary a healthy lifestyle
possibility and which refers to something 9 Work in pairs. Match the verbs with the nouns to
"''hich is generally true? make strategies for a healthy lifestyle. You can match
Find three sentences with the first some verbs with more than one noun and some nouns
conditional pattern in the news item. Do with more than one verb . Add ideas of your own.
me sentences refer to future possibility or to
something which is generally true? Verbs Nouns
avoid a new sport
ple te the sentences with the present change an outdoor activity
ple and will+ infinitive. Which sentences cut down on bad habits
er to future possibility and which refer to cut out computer and TV time
ething which is generally true? give up fatty food
you ................................................... (believe) in yourself, learn heavy meals at night
·ou ......................................................(be) more successful. reduce junk food
_ I (need) a lot of willpower if take up relaxation techniques
. . (want) to give up chocolate . smoking
If you (not buy) snacks, you snacks between meals
................................(not be able) to eat them . stress
if you .......................................................(find) any more
information, ........................................................ (you I let) me 10 Think of a specific result for each strategy from
find know? Exercise 9. Write sentences with the first conditional.
r9·
I
be
- :f you .........................................................
iood on your plate, you
(reduce) the amount of
(lose) If you avoid heavy meals at night , you'll sleep better.
if you ,·eight.
t less of . .................................... (give up) junk food if you Speaking my life
. ................................(do) too.
- If I ........................................................
(not try) it, I .............................................
. 11 Work in pairs. Make a list of all the possible
neve r know). consequences you would face in these situations.
'p. Often
to .... we .........................................................
(eat) less if 1 giving up junk food
not '\' e ......................................................
(use) smaller plates? 2 changing your job I studies
3 sharing a flat with friends
I food, EN, AS SOON AS, UNLESS, UNTIL, BEFORE 4 taking up extreme sports
reading modern lifestyles • critical thinking writer's pupose • word focus so • speaking modern life
Sc A caffeine-fuelled world
Reading 8 Work in pairs . Discuss the questions.
1 Do you think the writer is successful in his /
1 Work in groups. Discuss the questions. her purpose?
1 Is your lifestyle very different to that of your 2 Did you change your ideas about caffeine al:
parents' generation? In what way(s)? reading the article?
2 Do you often hear comments about modern 3 In what way has the article influenced your
life? What kind of comments? opinion of caffeine?
3 How much tea / coffee or other drinks do you
have in a normal day?
Word focus so
2 Read the article on page 63 quickly. Choose the 9 Look at how so is used in the article. In which
correct option to complete the sentence.
sentence can we replace so with as a result? Wha·
The article is about caffeine and childrenI can replace so in the other sentence?
daily life I sugar.
1 Why are these drinks so popular?
3 What are the effects of caffeine? Complete the table. 2 It raises blood pressure and so increases the
risk of heart disease.
Harmful effects Beneficial effects
makes you less tired
10 Work in pairs. Complete the sentences. Then w
changes your mood
1
two-line exchanges using some of the sentence
blood
...................................................... relieves 3 ....
Act out your exchanges .
pressure reduces 4 .....
increases the 2 ....... symptoms 1 I've had five cups of ........ .................so far tod a
of heart disease 2 Thank you so much for . .
you've done.
3 I'm so happy I could . .
4 Complete these sentences with words from
the article. 4 .........................................................
me so I know when to expect y
5 I think I'm right. I ..................................................... so.
1 Caffeine is an .........................................................
of tea, coffee, soft 6 No, I don't .........................................................
so.
drinks, energy drinks and chocolate. 7 Don't be so hard on yourself- it's not easy t
2 Caffeine is a drug which changes your give up ........................................................
.
8 Oh, that's .................................................... ! So did I!
3 Several countries put health ..................................................
on
energy drinks.
4 People have changed to a less natural work
Speaking my life
6 What is the writer's main purpose in this article? 5 Late ... ........... mm shopping every Thursday.
Give reasons for your answer. 6 All ... ..........................breakfasts served here.
to entertainI to inform I to persuadethe reader 12 Work in small groups. These things are typical o_
7 Look at the list of features which are typical of 24-hour society . Discuss the questions.
informative texts . Find examples in the article. 1 Are the things positive or negative?
1 the present simple 5 specific examples 2 Which ones affect you? In what way?
2 the third person 6 quotes, often from 3 What are some of the consequences for you o
3 questions and experts for other people?
answers 7 linkers to show how
24-hour shopping shift work
4 facts ideas are connected
difficulty sleeping smartphone addiction
eating takeaway food
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com) tiredness
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
:i. his/ t he centuries, people have created many On the other hand, there's also research which 30
itions around preparing and drinking their suggests that caffeine may have for human
after rite drinks, tea and coffee. Just think of the health. It helps relieve pain, reduces asthma symptoms
nese tea ceremony, British afternoon tea or the and increases reaction speed.
your ing coffee custom in many societies. Why are And it seems we need coffee - or Diet Coke ®or
drinks so popular? The answer is their secret Red Bull - to get us out of bed and back to work. 35
edient - caffeine. In the modern world, the new Charles Czeisler, a neuroscientist at Harvard Medical
e ine 'delivery systems' are canned 'energy' drinks. School, explains that traditionally people went to
th e more modern our world gets, the more we sleep and woke up following sunset and sunrise. Then
hi ch to need caffeine. the way we worked changed and people did more
? What einated drinks make you less tired and more indoor jobs . Consequently, we had to adapt. Electric 40
. This double power of caffeine to reduce light, and caffeinated food and drink allowed people
ical tiredness and increase alertness is part to follow a less natural work pattern . Therefore,
es the ....e reason why it is the world's most popular without caffeine, the 24-hour society of the developed
d-changing drug. It is the only habit-forming world simply couldn't exist.
we routinely serve to our children (in all those Czeisler says, 'Caffeine helps people try to ignore the 45
i1en writ e dri nks and chocolate bars) . In fact, most babies natural human rhythms.' He warns us that 'there is a
1tences . e developed world are born with tiny amounts of heavy, heavy price to pay' for all this extra alertness.
eine in their bodies. Without enough sleep - the traditional eight hours
people don't think twice about their caffeine out of each 24 is about right - the human body will
ar toda y.
-oee being harmful. However, it raises blood not function at its best, either physically, mentally, or 50
__ sure and so increases the risk of heart d isease . emotionally, the doctor says .
- ·s why the use of caffeine is considered to be a According to Czeisler, the modern desire for caffeine is a
by scientists and public health authorities. In 'Catch 22 situation'. The main reason that people want
cpect you
nited States, for example, many canned energy caffeine is to st ay awake,' he says. ' But the main reason
s carry warn ings. In most European countries, that people can't stay awake is they don 't get enough 55
acturers have to label cans with warnings . But in regular sleep - because they use caffe ine.'
easy to
ce and Denmark you are not even allowed to sell
=·gy drinks .
alert (adj) /;i'l3:t / awake
and paying att ent ion
re from ?
day.
vr ical of
)f you or
jdiction
Sd Eating out
I
Vocabulary restaurants 6 Which of the four dishes do the customers order ?
Would you order the same?
I' 1 Work in pairs. What are the most important things
to consider when eating out? Does it depend on 7 Pronunciation disappearing sounds
what sort of occasion it is?
a Cl!) Listen to the sentences with these words .
the atmosphere in the restaurant Cross out the part of the word which is not
the food choice and/or quality pronounced - the disappearing sound - in each
the prices and/or value for money word. Listen again and repeat the sentences.
the service
1 interesting
2 savoury
2 Put these stages in eating out (a-h) into a logical 3 traditionally
order (1-8). 4 vegetables
a book the table 1 e leave a tip
b have a starter f look at the menu
b Cross out the disappearing sounds in these wor cb
Then work in pairs . Write sentences with the
c have dessert g order a drink
words for your partner to read out.
d have the main h pay the bill
course chocolate natural restaurant separately
3 Are these comments usually said by a customer (C) technique
or a waiter (W)?
8 Write a list of six food dishes, vegetables, fruit or
1 Are you ready to order? other food which are either from your country
2 Would you like something to drink while or which you have eaten abroad. Make notes
you decide? which describe each item. Use the expressions for
3 What's that made from? describing dishes to help you.
4 What do they taste like?
5 I think I'll try that. 9 Work in groups of three. Take turns to describe
6 Can I take your order now? your mystery foods. Who can guess each one
7 And I'll have the same. the quickest?
8 And for your main course?
9 Does it come with vegetables? plantain fritters
10 And what about you, sir?
11 Certainly.
DESCRIBING DISHES
It's I They're a sort I type I kind of:
baked I boiled I fried dish
fruit I meat I fish I vegetable
It's I They're made from:
a kind of bean I meat I vegetables
It tastes I They taste:
bland I hot I salty I spicy /sweet
It's I They're a bit like :
fresh cod I potatoes I lamb
-'\ group of students has written to the manager of a Find these words in the letter . They link causes
_lo cal supermarket. Read the letter quickly. What and consequences. For each word 1 underline the
..3 its purpose? Choose the correct option (a-c). cause and circle the consequence .
'Ords.
, to ask about prices in the supermarket 1 as a result (paragraph 1)
t
_ to complain about the supermarket's actions 2 mean (paragraph 2)
1each
- to invite the supermarket to stock new products 3 lead to (paragraph 3)
us will lead to less waste and more profit for you. • Your employer I school has banned junk food
·e look forward to your reply. and drink machines.
• Your local swimming pool is being closed.
urs faithfully
ear 11
5 Write your letter. Follow the structure of the
paragraphs in Exercise 2. Use these questions to
broadchurch High School check your letter.
• Is the style correct for a formal letter?
.. 3ch (n) /bli:tf / a chemical for cleaning kitchens, • Is the purpose of the letter clear?
::h rooms, etc. • Is it clear what action the person who the letter
is addressed to needs to take?
ead the letter again. Answer the questions about 6 Exchange letters with your partner. Read your
a ch paragraph . partner's letter. Take the role of the person it is
aragraph 1 What two actions are the students addressed to . Are you going to take any action as a
writing about? result of the letter? Write a short reply to the letter.
"ar agraph 2 Who is affected by the
supermarket's actions?
:'ar agraph 3 What question do the writers have?
..,aragraph 4 What alternatives do the writers
suggest?
67
B: Yes, because you 8 must /mus tn't let it stick to talk about feelings and personal states
the pan. If it 9 sticks I will stick, it will burn. talk about food and dishes
A: 10
Should I I Do I have to add salt? order food in a restaurant
B: You can if you want to, but you 11 mustn't I don't
have to. And the risotto 12 can't I has to rest for a
while before 13 you eat /you'll eat it.
Real life
A: 14
Am I allowed to I Do I have to taste it? 8 Complete the description of a seafood dish with
B: Of course you are. You made it! these words. There is one extra word.
2 Answer the questions about the conversation in
fruit kind made raw tastes
Exercise 1.
1 Are the friends making a hot or a cold dish? Ceviche is a Latin American dish. It's a 1 ..............................
2 Why is it important to add the liquid slowly? of seafood dish. It's 2 by using the juice
3 Why is it important to stir all the time? of citrus 3 ................................,in this case limes, to 'cook '
mix of 4 ........................................fish and seafood.
3 f>Jlfl!:IWork in pairs. Think of other modal verbs
you can use in Exercise 1 items 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and
14. How does the meaning of the sentences change?
it 5.
J
1en
s thing s
you
swhen
;;
J [
L with f
" "
e juice
cook' a
72 Desert art 2 CID Listen to a conversation about the image. Check your
ideas from Exercise 1.
ons The mysterious Nasca lines
Then in Peru 3 CID Listen to the conversation again. What do the words in
bold refer to?
74 Lost and found?
1 Do you think the photographer Photoshopped it?
Current theories about 2 I'm surprised he didn't frighten them.
Amelia Earhart's 3 I can't make it out.
s disappearance
1sagne
4 They're parasailing.
)rtilla
5 It's a really popular sport there.
78 Encounters with a
sea monster 4 The woman isn't sure if the photo is genuine. Why do people
sometimes make 'false' photos? What about these things?
A video about strange
creatures in the water bags clothes eyelashes money paintings passports
watches
listening and reading flexible thinking • word focus long • grammar purpose: to ... , for ... and so that ... •
speaking what's it for?
6a Flexible thinking
Listening and reading 3 CID Listen to a speaker at a conference. She ask.:
her audience to do the puzzle in Exercise l. Wha t
1 Work in pairs. Do you like doing puzzles? Read is the mystery she also talks abou t?
the puzzle and try to find the answer.
4 CID Listen again and complete the sentences.
1 How good are you at flexible and . . _
thinking?
2 Does the promise of a reward make you work
?
3 Imagine I offer half of yo u some money to do
this task more ...
4 I'm going to see how long it takes you so that
THE CANDLE TRICK we can find out the average ...
5 The people with the reward of .....
Your task is to attach the candle to the wall so will be quicker , right?
that the wax doesn't drip on the floor below. 6 The people in the first group need more time t
You only have the candle, a box of drawing find the .................................................
.
pins and some matches. How do you do it?
5 Read the article and find the answer to the
m ys ter y the speaker mentioned. When is a rewar
2 Compare your ideas for the candle puzzle with useful? When is it not useful?
another pair. Then turn to page 155 to find out the
answer to the puzzle . Was it easy or difficult to
work out?
P
eople often think that a reward can make creative and flexible thinking. When the task doesn't
people work harder. However, that's not have a clear answer, concentration doesn't help. In
always true. Basically, it depends on the type fact, your brain needs to be relaxed and open so
of task or work. Rewards are great for making people that it can look at the problem in different ways.
concentrate and concentration helps with tasks that In the workplace, the reward is usually money.
have a clear set of rules - the kind of thing where you So businesses need to think carefully about the
follow the rules to complete the task - for example, relationship between work and pay - because it's tru e
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
doing maths roblems or working in computer that people work harder for a reward, but only in
ord focus long
Read the sentences and say if the expression
,·ith long refers to time (T), distance (D) or
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
, that \Tork in pairs. Tell your partner about these things . 11 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) with
Add follow-up comments. the endings (a-£). Then complete the sentences
with to,for or so that.
• something it took you a long time to do
_ a place a long way away you have visited 1 I want to learn another language
time to - something you could do all day long 2 My friend called me
something you found too long 3 I write everything down
4 We download the homework to our phones
-.: When I first started learning English, it took me
:ewar d 5 Are you going to London
ages to learn how to pronounce 'daughter'.
6 This notebook is
3: Oh, I had the same problem with 'vegetable'!
7 Would you like to meet
8 Did you get much chance
ammar purpose: to ... , for ... a a coffee after class?
:: I 1d 50 that ... b ask my advice about his course.
c help me remember it.
PURPOSE: TO ... , FOR ... and SO THAT ... d I can enjoy travelling more.
-agi ne I offer half of you some money to do this e keep my passwords in.
-":Jre quickly. f speak Italian on your trip?
e all work for money, don 't we? g we can study on the bus.
::.'Owing pins are for attaching things to other things . h work or on holiday?
- going to see how long it takes you so that we can
-..,d out the average time.
glasses
.
credit card
·----
r 't(are passport
..
-- .... -
vocabulary art • listening Nasca lines • grammar certainty and possibility • pronunciation weak form of have •
speaking speculating
6b Desert art
Vocabulary art
1 Complete the sentences with these words .
diagr am dra w ing fi gure line patt ern
shape
6 This ..................................................
of how to cut up a pineapple
isn't very clear.
Listening
2 Look at the photo and read the caption . Match the
questions (1-3) with the exchanges (a-c) .
1 What are they?
2 Where are they? Grammar certainty and
3 How big are they?
possibility
a 'They must be in a desert because there aren't
any plants or anything there .' .... CERTAINTY AND POSSIBILITY
'Yes, it looks really dry. ' In the present
b 'They might be roads.' must
'No, they can't all be roads . That 's clearly a + infinit ive
might (not ) I may (not) I could
spider .' +be+ -ing
can't
c 'There's a plane above it.'
In the past
'Yeah, so they must be pretty big .'
must
3 Cl1il Work in pairs. What do you think the may (not) I might (not) I could have + past parti cip le
can't I couldn 't
answers to the questions in Exercise 2 are? Listen
to an extract from a radio programme and check For f urther informatio n and practice, see page 166.
your ideas.
4 CID What do you think the purpose of the lines 6 Look at the grammar box . Underline the patterns in
was? Listen to ano ther extract from the radio the sentences in Exercises 2 and 4.
programme. Comp lete the sentences.
7 Look at the grammar box again. Choose the correct
1 The Nasca people could n 't option to complete the rules .
have seen the .....................................................from above . 1 We use must to say if something is or was
2 Maria Reiche was convinced that the lines mus t
possible I probable.
have been a type of .....................................................
. 2 We use might, may and could to say if something ·
3 Other people tho ught the lines may have been
or was possible I probable.
ancien t Inca ....................................................
.
3 We use can't and couldn't to say if something is or
4 The strangest idea was the lines could have
was impossibleI improbable.
guided creatures from ................................................. .
5 The Nasca people can' t have known the lines
would still be visible .........................................................
later.
5 Which theory do you think is most likely?
Compare your ideas with your
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por Ismael . Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
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reading testing a theory • wordbuilding nouns and verbs • critical thinking speculation or fact? •
speaking comparing ideas
2 Read the first article quickly. Check your ideas 7 Look at the wordbuilding box. Find these words ir
from Exercise 1. the two articles. Are they used as nouns or verbs?
3 Read the second article. Answer the questions. 1 fly (line 1) 5 contact (line 13)
2 land (line 3) 6 plan (line 23)
1 What is the theor y talked about in the article? 3 books (line 8) 7 test (line 26)
2 Which modern scientific technique might give 4 records (line 11) 8 remains (line 35)
an answer to the Earhart mystery?
3 If the new project is successful, what will it prove? 8 Look at the same words in these sentences. Is the
4 What is the biggest problem for the researchers meaning similar to the meaning of the word in
on the new project? Exercise 7?
4 Find these words in the articles. Look at how the 1 Have you got any plans for the weekend?
words are used and try to guess their meaning. 2 We always book our hotel rooms in advance.
Then replace the words in bold in the sentences 3 I tried to contact them yesterday without succes_
(1-6) with these words. 4 Did Amelia Earhart hold any flying records?
5 Everyone did badly in yesterday's English test
attempting (line 2) financing (line 31)
captured (line 17) distinguish (line 67) Critical thinking speculation
samples (line 24) identical (line 70)
or fact?
1 My grandparents are paying for my studies.
2 It's easy to see the difference between a leg
9 Read the definitions. Then decide if the sentences
from the articles report speculation (S) or fact (F).
bone and an arm bone.
3 The doctor took small amounts of my blood to Speculationis having a theory or guessing about
do tests. something.
4 The soldier was caught and put in prison by Facts are items of information that we can check,
the enemy. or show to be true or not true.
5 The cyclist is trying to break the world record. 1 Amelia Earhart[ ... ] was attempting a round-
6 The two brothers look exactly the same to me. the-world flight in 1937.
5 Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 2 Earhart could have landed on a different islan
3 The problem is that the envelopes probably
1 The piece of bone 'might have been from don't contain much DNA.
one of Earhart's fingers'. Are there any other 4 About 99 per cent of the genome is identical
possibilities? among all humans.
2 Is it certain that any saliva on the envelopes is
Earhart's? Why? I Why not? 10 Find one more fact and one more specula tion in
3 Do you think the project will be successful? the articles. Then work in pairs. Do you agree wi lt
your partner's choices?
6 Work in pairs. Complete the summary.
The new project aims to provide a way of
testing 1 ...........................................
.............. . The success of the
Speaking rmylite
project depends on several things. Firstly, that 11 Work in groups. Think of at least three news
the bone is from a 2 ....................... .... ........................ , not a turtle. stories you have heard about recently. Suggest as
Secondl y, that Earhart's saliva still exists on many reasons as you can for what has happened .
3
................. And thirdly, that there is enough
A: Did you see that ... isn't going to make any morefilms.
saliva to 4 .... B: I know! Do you think he/she could be ill?
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lOMoARcPSD|5974606
·bs
1rds in
13)
35)
:; the
in
The official US opinion is that Earhart ran out of fuel 10
CID by John Roach and crashed in the Pacific Ocean. The radio records
nee. from a US Coast Guard ship suggest that she must
Amelia Earhart, the first woman to fly solo across the
have been near Howland when contact was lost.
ueeess. Atlantic Ocean, was attempting a round-the -world
ds? fli ght in 1937. She planned to land on the tiny Pacific Another theory says that Earhart cou ld have
n test. Ocean island of Howland just north of the equator . landed and later died on a different island, called 15
_ She never arrived. Exactly what happened to her and Nikumaroro. Nobody lived there.
her navigator, Fred Noonan, is still one of aviation's And another theory says she was captured while on
greatest mysteries. Researchers have spent millions of a secret mission to the Japanese -controlled Marshall
d ollars investigating the case and several books have Islands in the North Pacific and eventually returned
been published that look at the different theories. to the USA with a new identity. 20
enees
:t (F).
might contain her DNA. The remains personal letters, it is believed
1out
Lost and found? of Earhart, her navigator Noonan and
40 their twin-engine plane were never 60 envelopes herself.
that Earhart must have sealed the
leek,
The missing pilot found. But in 2009, researcherswith the
International Group for Historic Aircraft
Meanwhile, geneticist Brenna Henn of
COMPARING IDEAS 75
real life reacting to surprising news • pronunciation showing interest and disbelief
Real life reacting to surprising 4 April Fools' Day (1 April) is a day when people try
to trick each other in many countries. Do you do
news anything similar in your country?
1 CllJ Listen to three conversa tions about news
item s. Choose the best headlin e (a- b) in each case . 5 Pronunciation showing interest and disbelief
1 a ESC APED SHEEP TAKE OVER LONDON PARK a Cllf) Listen to these expressions for reacting
to surprising news. Notice how the speaker 's
b SHEEP IN GLOBAL WARMING SHOCK intonation rises to show interes t and falls to
show disbelief .
2 a FALSE BANK NOTES ALERT
1 Oh yeah?
b USA TO JOIN THE EURO ZONE
2 Come off it!
'\J
3 a FUEL PRIC ES TO DOUBLE NEXT WEEK
b Cll!IListen to the other expressions for reacting to
surprising news . Repeat the expressions.
b PETROL PRICES HALVED
C Work in pairs. Take turns to respond to these
2 Can yo u reme mb er? Answer the qu estions for statements .
each story.
1 I'm setting off on a round -the-world trip
1 Wha t is the problem?
on Monda y.
2 Does the second speaker believe the first speaker?
2 A meteorite has crashed to Earth in the middle of
3 What is the da te?
Berlin .
3 CllJ Look at the expressions for reac ting to 3 I found a walle t full of money in the street
surp risin g news. Listen to the conversa tions again. this morning.
Put the expressions in ord er (1-9). 4 Biologists have discovered a parrot tha t can spe ak.
three languages.
5 I'm starting a new job tomorrow.
REACTING TO SURPRISING NEWS
Are you serious? 6 Work in pairs. Choose one of the other April Fools'
Are you sure? Day headlines from Exercise 1. Decide what the hoax
Come off it! - the trick - is. Make notes abou t the main points
Come on! of the story. Invent as many details as you wish.
Oh yeah? Prac tise telling the story with your partner.
Really?
That can't be right! 7 Work with a new partner . Take turns to listen and
They must have made a mistake. react to your stories . Use the expressions for reacting
You must be joking! to surprising news to help you . Don't forge t to show
You' re having me on!
interest or disbelief with your intonation .
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e In the news ·-
riti ng a news story
Work in pairs. Read the news story. Do you think
it is true or not? Work in pairs. Explain your
reasons to your partner.
efore you watch 5 IClill Work on your own. Watch the video again.
Make notes to answer the questions for each speaker.
How much do you know about these monsters?
1 Where was the eyewitness?
Compare your ideas with the class.
2 What were the weather or water conditions like?
Frankenstein The Loch Ness monster Godzilla
3 How far away from the eyewitness was
Shrek Bigfoot
the monster?
4 What did the monster do?
79
-- - ---o - r ----
ing in
er
... the
to
lOn
ylong
noun
da
vocabulary in the city • reading from farms to skyscrapers • grammar used to, would and past simple •
speaking places
Of all the visitors to New York City in recent In fact, long before the skyscrapers came to
years, one of the most surprising was a dominate the view, this place was a pristine
beaver which appeared one morning in 2007. wilderness where animals like beavers, bears
Although beavers used to be common in the and turkeys would move freely through
area in the seventeenth century, and people forests, marshes and grassland . There used to
used to hunt them for their skins, there haven't be sandy beaches along the coasts and ninety
been any for more than two hundred years. kilometres of fresh-water streams .
For ecologist Eric Sanderson, the beaver's At the end of Sanderson's project, he built
appearance was especially interesting. For a 3D computer model of the area . (See the
ten years, Sanderson has been in charge of a top photo on the right.) You can pick any
project to show what the area used to look spot in modern New York and see what used
like before the city changed it completely. As to be there . Take Fifth Avenue, for exa mple.
Sande rson says, 'There are views in this city A family called Murray used to have a farm
where you cannot see, except for a person, here and in 1782 (during the American War
another living thing . Not a t ree or a plant. of Independence) the British soldiers landed
How did a place become like that? ' near here. 'I'd like every New Yorker t o know
that they live in a place with amazing natu ral
potential - even if you have to look a litt le
prist ine (adj) /'pnsti: n/ pure, as new
harder to see it,' says Sanderson.
wilderness (n) /'wdda nas/ an area in a comp letely
nat ural state
ammar used to, would and 9 Rewrite the sentences using used to + infinitive
where possible.
ast simple
1 New York was a lot greener than it is now.
USED TO 2 The early residents didn't live in a large city.
=>eople used to hunt beavers for their skins. b
3 People farmed the land.
: - he Murray family used to have a farm here. a 4 Farmers hunted wild animals for food.
estions.
: - here didn't use to be any skyscrapers. b 5 Soldiers fought an important battle on the island.
York 6 What was in the area where Fifth Avenue is now?
- N hat did New York use to look like? a
that WOULD 10 Complete the text with the past simple, used to or
Z-=avers, bears and turkeys would move freely. would form of the verbs. In some cases, you can use
more than one form.
-: · f urther information and practice, see page 168.
OU
I remember when I first 1 (move) to New
_ook at the grammar box and the article. York from California with my parents. Every day for
:io you
- -nderline the sentences in the article with used the first month, I 2 (stand) in the street
·o and would. Do they refer to past habits and and stare up at the skyscrapers. They 3 ....
er the sta tes or to single actions in the past? (be) taller than anything I'd ever seen. The streets
;. (be) much busier than in California
....ook at the article again. Find three examples of and I s ............. (run) from one side to the other
ween 5ingle actions in the past. What is the verb form? holding my mother's hand. For the first few months,
1age
we 6 .......................................................
(not I go) further than four blocks
....ook at the grammar box. Match the sentences
from home. My parents 7 (not I own) a
to do ·ith used to (1-4) with the uses (a-b). Then
car, so on Sunday mornings we 8 (take)
a tch the sentence with would with its use.
the subway to Central Park. We 9 (have)
past state 10
breakfast at a lovely deli and then we ......................................................... .
in 2007 _ past habit (repeated action) (go) skating. The city 11 (be) a lot more
son? dangerous and scary then.
:J ter Generated Image (top) by Markley Boyer 11 Complete the sentences with the past simple, used to or
would so that they are true for you. Then work in pairs.
Compare your sentences and ask follow-up questions
about three of the sentences .
1 Before I worked/ studied here, I ... .
2 When I was in primary school, I ... .
3 Before we moved here, my family ... .
4 I remember my first holiday. I ....
5 Whenever I had exams at school, I .. . .
6 In my family, at weekends we .. . .
7 The first time I went to school alone, ... .
8 As a child, I ... .
Speaking my life
12 Choose two places from the list. How have the places
changed? Make notes for then and now.
• my street • my school
• myhome • my village I my town
• my classroom
my street: then - lots of cars; now - residentsonly
13 Work in pairs. Tell each other about the places you
chose in Exercise 12. Use used to and would. Decide
which places have changed the most and whether they
are better now than they were in the past.
A: There used to be a lot of cars in my street, but now only
residentscan park on it.
B: What do visitorsdo? Can they drive up to your house?
listening house design • grammar comparison: adverbs • grammar comparison: patterns • speaking advice
life)
PLACES 1.mmii TOURIST DESITINATION CHOICES 85
DESCRIPTION A PLACE
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
reading a little town in Puerto Rico • wordbuilding noun - adjective • critical thinking descriptions •
speaking a tourist destination
For further practice, see Wo rkboo k page 59. 12 Work in small groups . Give your presentation .
Ask and answer follow-up questions .
6 Look at the wordbuilding box . Find the adjectives A: ... and finally, don't leave the area without trying
in the article that are formed from these nouns . the food at the Golden Lion. It's delicious and
not expensive.
1 romance (line 10) 2 nation (line 16) B: Can you tell me what kind of restaurantthe
Golden Lion is?
7 Complete the sentences with adjecti ves formed by
adding -al or -ic to the nouns.
II benefit
fact
centre
hist ory
coast
natu re
eco nomy
o rigi n
energy
perso n
,y,. #//
ISTRONG COFFEE
sin
rticle here's a dreamy atmosphere to Adjuntas, a
tas? coffee town in the Valley Qf the Sleeping Giant
high in the mountains of Puerto Rico. And
:., ere's love, the love of the people for their land and
""3 customs. People here say their families have lived
he -er e 'since forever'. You feel this love in the streets,
· h the smell of food cooked at roadside barbecues .
·ou see it in the beautiful horses that parade through
:::>wn on holidays. And you feel it as you sit in the
:irge, elegant square, with its romantic fountains and
scon e benches.
decades ago, this love of land also led
:., e local people to prevent a mining development in
:st. :n e surrounding mountains. They used money from
:., e area's successful coffee production to provide
-- e money for a national park, El Bosque del Pueblo.
e park opened in 1998 and runs a reforestation
::'o gramme allowing young and old to plant trees.
_earning to manage the forest has been a kind of
-ew life for us,' said Tinti Deya, a local resident.
1:'s another world where we're like children doing
::'lerything for the first time, except in our case
·, e're grandmothers.'
no w
:: randmothers are everywhere in Adjuntas and
:., ey're all respectfully addressed as Dofia. Lala
:>le
=chevarria, an 85-year-old great-great-grandmother,
help :as born on the oldest street in town, where she
ill lives in a small, neat and tidy home. Dofia Lala
:;rew up before electricity and running water, and
' emembers when the first car arrived in Adjuntas .
.\s a child, I used to spend all my time carrying water,
- nding firewood, looking after the chickens and the
l.
:ows,' she said. 'There were sixteen of us. We would
ash our clothes in the river and we used to cook on
:in open fire. At meal times, we kids would sit on the
ing 4oo r to eat.' Dofia Lala was working as a maid when
she met and married the love of her life, Mariano
:h e mechanic. They had thirteen children and shared
before he died in 1983. She shows me the
ozens of photographs of four generations of her
.:amily that now fill her tiny home.
=>eople in Adjuntas play old traditional songs in little
shops like Lauro Yepez's place, where men meet to
swap stories and have a drink. When I was there,
-ato Ramos, a local singer, appeared and began
i:O sing in a flamenco style that hasn't changed for
centuries. The shop quickly filled with working -class
men clapping, tapping and nodding to the music.
improvised songs on topics requested by
shop customers. 'This is a forgotten art,' said Yepez.
'People give him a topic and he composes a song, in
proper rhyme.'
ater, I played the recording I'd made for my 88-year-
old Spanish father, who has Alzheimer's disease. His
dar k brown eyes shone with recognition. He nodded
his head, smiled, and said, 'Oh yes, this I remember,
t his I remember .. .'
I --1
Real life stating preferences 4 Work in pairs. Can you remember the reasons for
the speakers ' preferences? Compare your ideas .
and giving reasons Then check in the audioscript on page 185.
1 Work in pairs. Write a checklist of things you
should think about when you are looking for 5 Pronunciation rising and falling intonation
somewhere to live . a to this question . Notice how the
2 CllilJListen to a conversation at an estate agent's . intonation rises then falls .
Does the woman mention the things on your
?
Would you rather live in a town or a village?
checklist? What four things does she specify?
b CllmJ Listen and repeat the questions .
3 CllilJLook at the expressions for stating
preferences. Listen to the conversation again. 1 Do you prefer playing football or basketball?
Complete the expressions. 2 Would you rather have tea or coffee?
3 Do you prefer summer or winter?
4 Would you rather go by car or by bike?
..... STATING PREFERENCES 5 Do you prefer maths or science?
I think I'd rather ...........................................than ...........................................
, for now 6 Would you rather eat fish or meat?
anyway .
C Work in pairs . Add at least six more pairs of items
I'd prefer .....................................................................................
, but not too
to the list in Exercise Sb. Take turns to ask and
So, two bedrooms, and preferably with ...
answer about your preferences .
e A great place
riti ng a description of a place Word focus as and like
·• Read the text. Where do you think it's from? 4 Look at these two extracts from the text. Choose
Choose one of the options (a-c). the correct option. Then find two more examples
of as and like which have these meanings.
a a personal blog
an estate agent's website 1 ... and like many other historic city-centre
a tourist information website neighbourhoods, it has ...
It is similar to I It is many historic city-centre
How does the writer describe these things? neighbourhoods.
streets and buildings shops facilities 2 As a person who lives in a city, I know ...
local residents atmosphere I am similar to I I am a person who lives in a city.
5 Find two other examples of as and like in the text.
Match the examples with these meanings.
1 because
2 for example
a a piece of equipment that makes distant things a I CWJfj Watch the clips from the video. Choose
seem closer the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
b radio waves which are sent or received
c special and different from any others
b Answer the questions in your own words.
d the air in a certain place or area Then work in pairs and compare your answers.
e without a cable or wire attached to it 1 How many world-class sportspeople can
you name?
hile you watch 2 Have you ever met anyone who is just like
someone you know?
I CIJI Watch the video . Complete the sentences 3 What 's life like in your community?
with the names of the people you see.
9 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
Artie Barkley Joyce Nelson 1 Do the residents of Green Bank seem happy
Karen O'Neil Michael Holstine to live there? Give your reasons.
2 How would you feel about living in a quiet
1 ......... and ....................................................................................
are zone like Green Bank?
residents of the quiet zone (QZ) in Green Bank,
West Virginia . diesel (n) /'di:zgl/ a type of fuel used in lorries and
2 ... works as the Business Manager some cars
of the National Radio Astronomy Obser vatory Milky Way (n) /,m1lki 'we1/ the galaxy that contains our
(NRAO) in Green Bank. solar system
3 . . is the Site Director of the modern conveniences (n) /,modgn bn'vi:nignsn/ objects
National Radio Astronom y Observatory (NRAO) that make our lives much easier
in Green Bank. obliterated (adj) fa'bl1tgre1tgd/ completely destroyed
or removed
optical (adj) /'opt1kgJ/ visual
91
3 A:
played 5 .......... (well) on a real field and
I prefer living I live near my family.
rn rn
I 2 Answer the questions about the text in Exercise 1. 7 mM:I Work in groups. Ask and answer
1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of questions about your preferences. Give reasons
I for your answers.
playing football in the car park?
2 Why are gyms popular in cities?
fruit or cake rice or pasta
3 Write comments about the photo with a jazz or pop snow or sun
comparative form or pattern of the adverb or mornings or evenings spring or autumn
adjective. Then compare your sentences with your
partner. ICAN
1 hit the ball I on a normal golf course (carefully) ask about preferences
2 get I to the edge (close) state preferences and give reasons
3 practise I want to (often)
4 play I up there (well)
5 reach the target I each day (accurately)
6 hit the ball I go (harder I further)
ICAN
talk about past states and past habits (used to , would)
compare things and descr ibe a process of change
(comparat ive adverbs, comparative patterns w ith
adverbs and adjectives)
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
r?
rtant
Jr
st.
s
Tourists take photos of an
emperor penguin on the frozen
Amundsen Sea in Antarctica.
(1 'ta
102 Questions and 3 IDI Listen again. Each speaker shares a travel tip. What are
answers their tips? Discuss the tips with your partner.
A video about National 4 Which countries or cities have you been to? Find people in
Geographic Explorers' lives your class who have had similar experiences to you.
A: Have you been to Vietnam?
B: Yes, we had a holiday there last year.
A: Me too! Where did you go?
rammar verb patterns: -ing 9 IDJ Complete the conversation about with the
-ing form and to + infinitive form of the verbs.
orm and to + infinitive Then listen and check.
VERB PATTERNS: -ING FORM and TO + INFINITIVE Rose: Hi there, I'm Rose.
Matt: Hi, I'm Matt.
-ing form
imagine sailing across this wild ocean to Canada. Rose: Is this your first time in Corfu?
Eating together is important. Matt: No, actually. We come every year. We love
1
"m not very good at reading Chinese characters . mm... (stay) here.
Rose: So do we. We keep 2 ....................................................(come)
to+ infinitive
back year after year. It's hard 3 .................................... ......................
\lly parents always promised to take me to Sicily.
(find) somewhere with everything you
'm too embarrassed to speak.
need for a holiday- great beaches, fantastic
=or further information and practice, see page 170. weather and something for everyone to do.
Matt: I know. Actually, there's a paragliding class
Look at the grammar box. Choose the correct later - I fancy 4 (try) that.
option to complete these sentences. Then find an Rose: My friends want 5 .... (do) that
I into 2 Lucy Chang needs I manages I wants to speak 10 ID) Listen to people talking about holidays and
ts. Chinese. complete the sentences. Do you think they would
ng 3 Liz Mullan adores I avoids I loves going to be good holiday companions for you? Which
:ling Ireland. person would you prefer to go on holiday with?
4 Liz Mullan expectedI intendedI threatenedto
visit walk along the coast. 1 I enjoy ... .
1e in 5 Frank Rossellini' s parents plannedI refusedI 2 I quite fancy ... .
DW rr wanted to travel to Sicily. 3 I don't mind ... .
6 Frank Rossellini fails I hopes I intends to return to 4 I'd like .. ..
the village. 5 I can't afford . . . .
6 I'm quite keen on ....
8 Choose the correct option to complete the 7 I don't like ....
ome sentences. Then work in pairs. Tell your partner 8 I'm interested in ....
which sentences you agree with. 9 I can't stand ... .
1e 10 I'm happy ... .
1 TravellingI To travel by train is usually pleasant.
agine 2 Good hotels are easy finding I to find. 11 Think about how you would complete the
1reat- 3 CyclingI To cycle can be a good way of seeing a sentences in Exercise 10. Then talk to people in
1g th e new city. your class and find someone who would make a
:ide tc 4 SleepingI To sleep on a plane can be difficult. good holiday companion.
ring 5 Some hotels are too expensive staying I
to stay in. 12 Work with your holiday companion and decide
6 I'm interested in trying I to try new things what kind of holiday to have. Tell the class:
on holiday. • where and when you would go
0
7 Going I To go on holiday with friends is • how you'd get there
10th
always fun. • where you'd stay
l
8 I get fed up with spendingI to spend every day • what you'd do there and why
of
he on the beach.
IOUS
·ead,
id
ulier .
back
rammar present perfect 9 Match the travel prepara tion activities (1- 6) with
the res ult s (a- f). Then wri te two sentenc es.
simple and continuous
I've been buying holiday clothes. I've spent a fortune.
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE and CONTINUOUS
1 buy holiday clothes
perfect simple 2 look for cheap flights
.'/hen you've walked across half of Africa and you've 3 talk to trave l age nts
valked up the west coast of North America, where do 4 download touris t informa tion
·ou go next?
5 pack m y suitcase
- hey' ve destroyed hundreds of square kilometres of
6 prac tise u seful phrases in Thai
ilderness.
perfect continuous a be on the pho ne all m orning
::ecently he's been walking again , this time b spen d a for tune
:;cross Canada. c run out of space
-e hasn't been taking it easy! d n ot learn m any
.Vhat has he been doing since then? e prin t a couple of pages
5•ati ve verbs like be, have, know, like are not usually used f not find any
., t he continuous form.
=or further information and practice, see page 170. Grammar How long ?
Look at the grammar box. Answer the questions. ... ?
How long have you had this camera?
1 How do we form the present perfect
How long have you been travelling alone?
simple? How do we form the presen t
How long did it take you to get there?
perfect continuous?
2 Which verb form emphasizes the duration For further information and practice, see page 170.
or repetition of an activity? Which verb form
emphasizes an action or an activity that is 10 Look at the grammar box. Which ver b form is
comple te? used in each question? Why?
Complete the text with the presen t perfec t simple 11 Match the questions (1-6) with the answers (a-e).
an d present perfect continuous form of the verbs . Then work in pairs and continue the conversations.
1 How long have you been coming to this resor t?
Th is year, Mike Fay 1 ....................................................
(work) in
2 How long did the flight from Lond on take?
Gabon. He 2 . . ......................(check) the situatio n
3 How long have yo u known each other?
in the nation al parks and he 3 ..
4 How long did you spend in Cana da?
(discover) some prob lems. For example , poachers
5 How long have you been waiting for the bus?
... (k ill) elephants again. Fay
6 How long have you been here?
. (talk) about ways of controll ing
se
poaching with the Gabonese government. As a a About ten hours non- stop.
result , the Gabonese president 6 ..... b For the last four or five years .
(send) sold iers t o several of the parks. So fa r, the c I was there for a cou ple of mont hs.
poache rs 7 .... d Not long-we met on holiday this spring .
r/ (not I return) . Meanwhi le, fo r the past few yea rs, e Only a few minu tes . But I think we just
fo reign sh ips 8 m m (fish) in the mar ine missed one .
')I park . The Gabonese government 9 .. f We arrived yes terday morning.
(t ry) to find ways of deal ing with th is problem .
A: How long have you been coming to this resort?
ing
B: For the last four or five years.
Write questions for Mike Fay with the present A: Has it changed a lot in that time?
·ear perfec t simple and presen t perfect continuous
form of the verbs .
? Speaking my life
1 What I you I do I recently?
2 you I prepare for I any new trips? 12 What kinds of activities are you interes ted in?
3 How I you I feel I since the plane crash? How long have yo u been doing them? Work
4 How many photos I you I take I in your career? in pairs and tell your par tner. Ask follow- up
5 How long I you I travel I alone? questions. Use some of these ideas.
6 you I be I anywhere dangerous lately? I've been . . . since/for
I took it up when .. .
I've always/never.. .
In the last few ... , I've ...
Sc All aboard!
Reading Critical thinking close
1 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. reading
1 Do many tourists come to your country or region? From 6 According to the article, are these
which countries? statements true (T) or false (F)? Or is
2 What do these tourists do? Activity holidays, backpacking, there not enough information (N) in the
cultural sightseeing, ecotourism, or other holiday activities? article to say if the statements are true
3 What are the advantages of this tourism? Are there any or false?
disadvantages?
1 The tourism industry has grown
2 Read the article quickly. What is it about? Choose the best steadily and has now reached
option (a-c). its peak.
2 There are fewer Magellanic penguins
a It describes extreme activities tourists can do. since cruises started visiting
b It compares the positive and negative effects of tourism. Patagonia.
c It talks about the impact of lots of tourists on a destination. 3 Climbers on Everest cause problems
3 Read the article again and complete the table. for the local population.
4 There's not enough fresh water
Destination Number of tourists Impact in the Balearic Islands in the
1 2 Falling numbers of holiday season.
5 It's better to stay at home than be an
••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • oOOOOOHOOOOOo
3
on a cruise ship
ecotourist.
Himalayas:
6
4 5
7 Work in pairs. Underline the sections of
in the climbing season each year left on the the article that helped you decide about
mountain the sentences in Exercise 7. Do you agree
7 8 Negative effects on with each other?
9
8 Work as a class. Discuss the questions.
4 Answer the questions with information from the article. 1 Do you think an eco-tax on tourists is
a good idea?
1 When did the tourism industry start to be successful? 2 What is your answer to the final
2 Why are cruises bad for the environment? Find three question in the article?
reasons.
3 What have groups been doing to improve the environment
on Everest? Speaking my life
4 What action has the government of the Balearic Islands 9 Work in pairs. Look at these activities.
taken , and why? Decide if they have a good or bad
5 Find these words in the article. Look at how the words are impact on the environment. Which one s
used and try to guess their meaning. Then complete the does your family do?
sentences (1--6). 1 flying to distant holiday destinations
2 recycling household waste (paper,
pollution (line 11) charge (line 37) glass, organic waste)
equipment (line 24) challenges (line 39) 3 travelling by car
rubbish (line 26) ecotourism (line 45) 4 switching off lights and electrical
appliances
1 Airlines usually ...........................................you a lot of money if your 5 saving water (turning off taps, not
luggage is over the weight limit. watering the garden)
2 On average, each person in the UK produces about 500 kg 6 using eco-friendly cleaning product s
of ...... ... .............. each year.
3 I don't have much kitchen . __ - just a microwave. 10 Work in groups. How easy is it for you
4 Speaking a new language can be one of the hardest and your family to live a green lifestyle ?
........ when you travel abroad.
A: We've been recyclingpaperfor years. It's
5 . . ...... . . . . . ..... ........ .. ... is a way of enjoying a holiday without damaging
not hard to remember to do if you have a
the environment.
special box for it.
6 Plastic is a major Descargado ..........................................
cause ofpor Ismael Christian in the oceans.
Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
B: We do that too.
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
.s
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ue
;uins
ems
e an
lS of
DOUt
agre e e tourism industry started to grow rapidly in the middle of the last century and it's been growing
_. er since. In the last twenty years especially, more and more people have been travelling to
lS. : stant places around the world. It's a wonderful thing, to be able to travel to destinations we had
only read about or seen on television. But what kind of impact do large numbers of
lStS is
:oople have on these places?
vocabulary travel problems • real life dealing w ith problems • pronunciation strong and weak forms
8d Is something wrong?
Vocabulary travel problems 3 CID Look at the expressions for dealing
with problems. Can you remem ber who said
1 Work in pairs . Have you ever had any travel what? Write G (guide) or T (tourist) next to the
problems involving these things? Tell your partner . expressions. Then listen to the conversations aga in
Which of these pro blems can a tour guide help and check.
you with?
DEALING WITH PROBLEMS
baggage allowances hotel rooms
boa rding cards passport control I wonder if you could help us?
ca r hi re tra in t imetables Is anything wrong?
Can I help?
customs checks travel documents
flight delays travel sickness Our luggage hasn't ar rived .
food poisoning Which flight were you on ?
How did that happen ?
Do you know where our bags have gone to ?
WORDBUILDING compound nouns (noun + noun) When 's the next flight ?
We can use two nouns together to mean one th ing . It's about my wife .
baggage allowance , car hire How long has she been feeling like this ?
Is there anything you can do?
For further practice, see Workbook page 67.
I' m afraid the luggage has gone to Rome.
Don't worry , we 'l l arrange everything .
I' ll ask the hotel to send for a doctor.
Hi everyone!
Finally made it to London after 18-hour delay
in Bangkok!!! here awful but
people fantastic. London massive compared
to Brisbane! So far have: been shopping in
Oxford Street, seen the Shard (wow!), done the
Harry Potter tour (awesome!), had a boat trip
along the river. Then slept all day & night cos
jetlagged Text from my uncle in Edinburgh
N? - he's found me a job there for summer! Spk e Rewrite the sentences . Miss out wor ds where
soon Lxx possi ble.
1 The wea ther is we t and it has been ver y cold
1ces. some times .
2 Writing skill informal style 2 I've been touring all the typica l pl aces - it's
exha ustin g!
a Read the message aga in. Which of these featur es of 3 The peop le here are very kind and they have
infor mal style does Lynne u se? he lped me a lot.
1e. 4 I took som e ph otos of some pigeo ns - they're
abbreviations informal expressions everyw here!
comments in brackets listing items 5 I h ave n 't heard anything from Anton yet.
contractions missing out words 6 I'm get ting a bus up to Edin burg h beca use
exclamation marks symbols flying is too expensive .
b Look at this extract from the message. The wor ds 3 Choose a pla ce you h ave visi ted or wou ld like to
I and an are missing. Mark their pos ition in the visi t. Ma ke notes. Use the questions in Exercise 1
compl ete sentence. as a gu id e.
4 Decide wh o to wri te to. Write a m essage of about
Finally made it to London after 18-hour delay
75 words describing your trip. Use some of the
in Bangkok!!! features of informal style from Exercise 2a and
miss out words which are not necessary.
C Ma rk the pla ces in the message w here Lynne has 5 Send your message to someone in your class . Then
missed out wor ds. Wha t are the word s? rea d the m essage you have received. Use these
qu estions to ch eck your classmate's message.
d Rewri te the sentences in full.
1 city massive & noisy! • Is every thing clearly expressed?
lOSe 2 not got theatre tickets cos fully booked • Are there any sectio ns you do n ot unders tand?
3 been visitin g Tower of London - scary! 6 Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the message
4 took selfies (lots) on Oxford St you have receive d .
5 can' t und ers tand Lon don accent (trying!)
6 text from Jo - arriving Sunday A: I got a messagefrom Daisuke the other day.
B: Oh! How's he getting on?
efore you watch 5 I Cl:li Watch the video again. Tick the items the
explorers mention.
• You're going to watch two videos in which
_.ational Geographic Explorers give their personal binoculars camera DVDs
answers to questions. Before you watch, discuss family photographs GPS hat headlamp
these questions. knife local person paintbrush pencil
sunblock sunglasses
1 What kind of work do explorers do? Where do
they work?
2 What items might they need to take with them
6 Work in pairs. Which of the items in Exercise 5
when they're exploring? surprised you? Did the explorers mention any of
the items you discussed in Exercise 1 question 2?
3 Why do you think people become explorers?
Key vocabulary
Video 2: Why is it important to explore?
Read the sentences. The words in bold are used in 7 I Ol:fj Read what the explorers in the video say.
the video. Guess the meaning of the words. What do you think the missing word is? Then
watch the video and check your ideas.
1 If you want to watch animals in the wild, a pair
of binoculars is very useful. 1 John Francis, ecologist
2 I'd get really burned if I didn't use sunblock. 'If you have ....................................... and you don't pursue
them, then to me it's a life unlived.'
3 I'm not very good with a paintbrush- I prefer
2 Laly Lichtenfeld, big cat conservationist
doing pencil drawings.
-! All children are curious about the world
'It keeps . . ..............exciting, I mean that 's
around them. what exploring is about.'
3 Enric Sala, marine ecologist
5 I've been making good progress in Italian since
I started classes. 'Without exploration, there would be no
'
the words in bold in Exercise 2a with these 4 Lee Berger, paleoanthropologist
de finitions. 'We think we ........................................................
. how things work,
but we don't.'
a a tool to paint with
b cream that protects your skin from the sun 8 I Cl:fj Watch the video again. Who gave the
c equipment with lenses for looking at things most interesting answer, in your opinion?
far away
d improvement and development
e interested in something and wanting to learn
After you watch
about it 9 Vocabulary in context
hile you watch a I Ci:ll Watch the clips from the videos. Choose
the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
ideo 1: What item would you not leave b Answer the questions in your own words. Then
home without? work in pairs and compare your answers.
3 Read what four of the explorers say about why 1 Does the power ever go out where you live?
they chose the items they take with them. What do What do you do when that happens?
you think they are talking about? 2 Do you think it's human nature to be curious?
What else is human nature?
1 Carlton Ward, photographer
3 What kind of thing do you think drives artists
'without a ........................................................., we'd still be paddling
and business people?
in circles somewhere'
2 Amy Dickman, zoologist 10 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions .
.... ,just to have a break at the end of
the day' 1 What would you not leave home without if you
3 Chris Thornton, archaeologist were travelling?
.... I'm very, very white.' 2 Why is it a good idea to travel?
4 Cory Richards, photographer
engage (v) /m'gerd3 / to keep your interest or hold your
'a ......................................... . ........ .. to record what I'm experiencing'
attention
4 I Cl:ll Watch the video. Check your ideas from fundamentally (adv) /fAnd;i'ment;ili/ basically, most importantly
paddle (v) / 'pred;il/ to move a boat with an oar
Exercise 3.
pursue (v) /p;i'sju: / to follow or work at
103
Vocabulary
5 Match nouns from A and B to make travel vocabular
Then write questions with the expressions.
A B
baggage flight allowance control
boarding passport card delays
1 Complete the article about Thomas Cook with the customs travel checks sickness
correct verb tense or form. Use the following: past
simple, present perfect simple, present perfect 6 mM:I Work in pairs. Which of these activities
continuous, -ing form or infinitive with to. would you do in a seaside resort, a big city, a
Before 1872, people .........................................................(not I travel)
1 natural park and a campsite? Give your reasons .
for pleasure very much. Then a man called
Thomas Cook 2 .........................................................
(change) everything be active learn new things
when he 3 (form) a travel agency, go sightseeing spend time with friends
Thomas Cook & Son. Cook aimed 4 ... have new or family
(provide) educational and cultural tours. His experiences take it easy
son was successful in 5 (expand)
the business around the world. At first, foreign ICAN
travel was expensive, but incomes 6 ...
use travel vocabulary appropriately
(rise) since those days. Nowadays, many millions
talk about holiday activities
of ordinary people expect 7 (go)
on holiday at least once a year. In the twentieth
century, holiday makers preferred 8 ... Real life
(book) trips with travel agencies. For the last few
years, travel agencies 9 .........................................................
(struggle) 7 Read these sentences from a conversation at an
because most people 10 .........................................................(make) their airport. Put the sentences (a-h) in order (1-8).
own plans online. Thomas Cook, however, is still
a A: What? How has that happened?
; one of the biggest travel companies in the world.
I b A: Well, let's have another look. Calm down.
.1 2 Answer the questions about the article in Exercise 1. c A: Well, have you looked through all your
i pockets?
1 How has travel changed since the time of d A: Is anything wrong?
Thomas Cook? e B: Yes, I have. And I've checked the suitcase.
2 Why do you think the travel agency Thomas f B: I've been worrying so much about
Cook & Son was successful? everything, and now this!
g B: I think I've lost the boarding passes.
3 f>JM:I Write four true or false sentences about
h B: I don't know. I thought they were in my
yourself with these verbs. Work in pairs and say
pocket, but they aren't there now.
if your partner's sentences are true or false.
8 Work in pairs. Act out conversations
have been learning have seen
similar to Exercise 7.
am interested in trying want to go
Conversation 1: Student A is a tourist and Student E
is a tour guide. Student A has lost his/her passpor t.
ICAN
Conversation 2: Student A is an airline official and
use verb patterns correctly (-ing form and to+ Student B is a customer. The flight is cancelled.
infinitive)
talk about recent activities and experiences ICAN
(present prefect simple and continuous) talk about travel problems
ask for and give explanations
- -- - r r ---o
1ular
ii
55
es
ns.
Is
FEAT U R ES 1 Work in pairs . Look at the ph oto and the cap tion . Compare
this place with places yo u u su ally go shopping.
n
106 Shopping tre nds
2 CII!1 Listen to a market researcher interviewing some p eople
How do you do your who are shopping. Comp lete the table.
vn. shopping?
Interview Wha t? Who for?
108 Spend or save? 1 the latest
Do you buy on impulse? 2 a couple of himself
se. 3 some ... each other
110 The art of the deal
How to negotia te a price 3 Discuss the questions with your par tner.
y 114 Making a deal books/DVDs/CDs shoes
clothes toiletr ies/cosmetics
A video about shopping in elect ronics/gadgets other items
the oldest market in Morocco jewel lery
lent B • I 1 What's the best (or worst) presen t anyone has ever
:port. given you?
land
i.
• I 2 What kind of things do yo u and your family or friends buy
for each other?
3 Do you buy these things for yourself?
SHOPPING NOW AND IN THE FUTURE MY THINGS r,:. SOUVENIRS D BUYING THINGS 105
CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
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reading two ways of going shopping • grammar passives • speaking shopping now and in the future
9a Shopping trends
Reading 2 Read w h at a farmer and a store manager say abou t
selling their produc ts. Answer the questions.
1 Work in p airs. How do you prefer to d o your
1 What kind of products do they talk about?
sh opping? Tell your partner and give reasons .
2 What kind of shopping do they talk about?
at markets (indoor or outdoor) 3 Where do they sell their products?
in departme nt stores
3 Read the article again . Find one advantage to
in ma lls or shopp ing centres
customers and one to sellers for each kind of
in small local shops
shopping .
on line
4 Work in pairs . Can you think of any disadvan tage s
to each kind of shopping?
Shopping _trends
lll
mD
Gilly McGregor
Yorkshire farm e r
'Farmers' markets are the traditional way of selling
food , but they disappeared for a few years in the
UK. Now they're coming back. I have a stall in the
town centre four days a week . When I sell directly
to the consumers, they pay less and I still get a good
price. That's because the vegetables don't have to
be packaged and I don't have to pay a wholesaler to
distribute and sell my products. The customers are happy
because the vegetables are fresher and better quality
than in the supermarket, so they keep for longer . A lot
of supermarket stuff has to be eaten within a couple of
days.'
Mark Noble,
manager at Low Co Stores
'These days, lots of people have busy lives and we have
found that on line shopping is a growing area for us.
It's especially popular with people who buy the same
th ings in the same amounts every week . At first, on line
shopping was used mainly by our regular customers, but
since we introduced our mobile phone app, more new
accounts have been set up. Once the customer makes
their online list, it can be used again and again or it can
be changed very easily.
Food and household items are delivered to the
customers ' homes for a small charge, or people can
collect them in the store. In that case, the order must
be collected the next day. A new order tracking app is
being developed at the moment, and with that we'll be
able to improve our service to customers even more.'
SHOPPING NOW AND IN THE FUTURE MY THINGS SOUVENIRS BUYING THINGS 107
life) .... CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
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vocabulary shopping (1) • listening impulse buying • grammar articles and quantifiers •
pronunciation linking • speaking my things
9b Spend or save?
•
Vocabulary shopping (1) Listening
1 Work in pairs. Have you ever bought anything on 4 Cl.ii Listen to an extract from a radio programm e
impulse? Tell your partner about it. that discusses what's in the news. Tick the
of impulse buying which are mentioned.
2 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-8) with
the endings (a-h). Check the meaning of any 1 Buying loads of things when you only need
words in bold you are not sure about. bread or milk.
2 Buying things you can't afford to buy.
1 The checkout is where you go 3 Buying things online.
2 When things are on special offer, 4 Spending too much when you're hungry.
3 At some supermarkets they help you
4 Fridges, washing machines and TVs 5 Cl.ii Listen to the extract again. Correct factual
5 You can often get good deals errors in four of the sentences .
6 Cheap and expensive items
1 Samira has written articles on impulse buying .
7 It isn't a good idea to
2 Most of us have spent more than £500 on a
8 A budget is a way of working out
purchase that wasn't necessary!
a are electrical goods. 3 You never see special offers on TVs or tablets.
b buy things that you can't afford. 4 You should always have a budget when you
c can both be good value for money . need to buy expensive things.
d how much money you can spend. 5 Many women, but few men, use shopping as a
e on products in the sales. way of managing their money.
f the price is lower. 6 If you make a list, you can avoid impulse buying .
g to pack your purchases.
h to pay for your shopping . 6 Work in pairs. Think of three ways people can
control their impulse buying.
3 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions with the
words in bold in Exercise 2.
A: How do you choose which checkout queue to join at
the supermarket?
B: I usually look and see how much stuff people have in
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1irs.
md
I'M IN MARRAKECH, the bustling heart of Morocco, Sam says nothing. I can't tell whether he's too shy or is practising 35
ith my son, Sam. He's eight. We've come here with Mohamed, a what Mohamed has taught him.
··end who owns a shop in our neighbourhood in New York. Sam He eventually agrees to pay 200 dirham, about $24. I'd say the
l.' :an often be found in Mohamed'sshop, looking for a bargain. bottle is worth $10, at most. Clearly, he needs more practice
:es 1 ey argue about prices and chat about swords, or camels or the at this. 'Just to get started, Dad; Sam tells me as he pays for
::esert. 'You need to come to Morocco,to Marrakech;Mohamed the bottle. 40
:old me. 'I'll show you around and teach Sam how to really get a We spend a few days sightseeingaround Marrakech,but Sam is
v :iargain!' So here we are. really interested in only one thing. Late one afternoon, we return
.Ve meet up with Mohamed over a cup of mint tea in the to the shop where Sam saw the treasurechest. 'You have returned.
:>eautiful old city of Marrakech.We're sitting in an area next to the Very good: The shopkeeperopens his arms. He places the chest
=xotic stalls of the souk - Marrakech's world-famous marketplace. on the floor. Sam opens the lid. He runs his fingers over it. 45
arket sellers with carts offer freshly-squeezedjuice, others sell The shopkeeperspeaks.'Give me 2,soo:
::ates or figs. Later, as we wander around, Mohamed introduces us Sam shakes his eight-year-old head. 'Eight hundred:
:o olive sellers,tile makers and rug merchants.He also begins the
'I like your babouches;says the man. Sam's wearing a pair of
"rst of his lessons in bargaining for Sam.
bright yellow, Moroccan slippers. He ignores the comment.
fi e price of everything in Morocco is open to discussion,Sam.
'You're very good. I'll take 1,800 dirham;the shopkeeper 50
hen you hear a price, the first thing you say is "Too much -
1d announces.
::iezaf" and then walk away:
'One thousand:
3ut what if I like it?'
.cts Both are silent. Neither blinks.What happens next happensfast.
Nhen you see something you like, maybe a lamp, you ask about
something else instead.Then, as you walk out, you ask, "And how 'Fifteen hundred, and it's yours:
"l uch is that lamp?"as though you'd just noticed it and aren't 'Twelve hundred: 55
ure 'Thirteen hundred:
·eally that interested in it:
Ve turn a corner into another narrow street in the souk. 'Don't 'Yes!'
3lways give an offer. Make them continue to lower the price. The man holds out his hand. Sam grabs it. The deal is done.
tto .Jh, and wear something Moroccan;Mohamed continues as Mohamed will be proud.
he .ve enter a fairly large shop. Most of the stalls in Marrakechsell
lU mainly one type of thing, but not this one. Decorativeand deadly-
bargain (n) /'bo:gm / something which has a low price but is
1ooking swords hang beside soft hand-dyed fabrics; large camel
good qual ity
::>ones covered in writing sit beside massive copper lamps. It is
blink (v) /bhl)kl open and close your eyes very quickly
ere that Sam spots a beautiful box. 'Look, a treasure chest!'It's
bustling (adj) / 'bAShl)/ energetic and busy
'Tlade of wood, and painted red and gold. He opens the lid, then
negotiate (v) /n:i'g;m'Jie1t / to agree something by discussion
doses it. 'Cool: Then he spots a tall blue bottle - an old perfume
souk (n) a /su:k/ the name in some countries for a market
oottle. 'Four hundred dirham; the shopkeepersays. Fifty dollars.
that sells all types of products
SHOPPING NOW AND IN THE FUTURE MY THINGS .... Jje!@@ii;?j BUYING THINGS 111
, my life CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
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1 CllllJListen to two conversations. Answer the questions for a Cllf11J Listen to these words. Notice how
each conversation. the crossed-out letter is silent. Repeat
the words.
1 What kind of shop is it?
2 What does the customer want? gift -w rapping
3 Does the customer buy the item?
3 Work in pairs. Can you remember the question and response an item of furniture for your new home
for each word? Check your answers in the audioscript on clothes for your father on his birthday
page 187. toiletries for your sister
a DVD for a friend
return exchange receipt gift-wrapping a kitchen appliance for your brother
reference number model name in stock available sportswear for yourself
delivery tills
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9e For sale
riting customer feedback 3 Writing skill clarity: pronouns
Work in pairs. Do you read customer feedback a You can avoid repetition of nouns in your writing
when you buy things online? Have you ever by using pronouns - as long as it is clear which
changed your mind about a purchase after noun each pronoun refers to. Look at the pronouns
reading feedback? in bold in the customer feedback. What do they
refer to?
2 Read the customer feedback from two online
shopping sites . Answer the questions. b Read the sentences. Replace the nouns with
pronouns to avoid repetition.
1 Which feedback is about a product and which
is about a seller? 1 I felt that the colours of the rug in the online
2 What problems do the customers mention? photo weren't accurate. The colours of the rug
3 Is the feedback positive or negative? were much darker than I expected.
2 Two of the glasses were broken on arrival and
we had to send all the glasses back.
3 My daughter received this game as a gift. My
daughter loves the game.
4 This seller has always provided an excellent
service and I'm happy to recommend the seller.
rol e • item
• delivery
.H
• condition
• fit/ quality
• standard of service
JP
5 Write your recommendation . Use these questions
to check your advert.
ttXX-•
Bought this lovely shirt with an even lovelier 20% • Have you used pronouns clearly?
off. I wasn't disappointed. Great quality material • Is your feedback useful to other customers?
and it's a perfect fit. Good for work and for social
ne occasions. Slightly surprised when washed with 6 Publish your feedback in the classroom. Read the
other items, they came out pale blue! This is other feedback comments and find out if anyone
the first time it's happened with your products, has had a similar shopping experience.
however, and is the only reason I'm not giving it full
marks. I do recommend the product, but care must
be taken when washing.
efore you watch 5 I Olill Watch the first and second parts of the
video (0.00-2.41) with the sound ON. Answer the
Look at the photo and the caption. Discuss questions.
the questions.
1 What's the name of the small red hat described
1 What's happening in the photo? in the video?
2 Why do you think both men are smiling? 2 Complete what these people say about
3 What kind of things do you think you can buy bargaining in the souk with words from
in the souk? Exercises 2 and 3.
a Vincent (Dutch tourist): You have to start
2 Key vocabulary yourself at one or something,
b Consuela (Dutch tourist): So, then you get
a Read the sentences. Try to guess the missing words. at .........................................................
the price they say at first.
1 When you buy things in the sales, you can often c Ahmed (Tour guide): We don't have really a
get really good . . ........... on the prices. .... price.
2 I'm just going to look at the stuff in the market. 3 What does Mohcine, the jewellery seller, say
I have no of buying anything. about some customers?
3 We'll need to take two taxis - there are
6 I ® 11 Watch the third part of the video
eight of us and the .........................................................
for a taxi is
(2.42 to the end). Choose the correct option to
five passengers.
complete the answers.
4 The hotel tried to .. .....................................us - they
charged us for four nights instead of three! 1 What happens if a customer says they don't
5 The price of the bus hire is ..........................................................
. want to buy anything?
It's the same if we have ten people or twenty. The seller offers a lower price I a differentitem.
2 What should all tourists make sure they
Read the words in bold and their definitions. don't do?
The words are used in the video. Complete the They shouldn't pay more than somethingis worth I
sentences in Exercise 2a with the words. buy too many things.
a cheat (v) to be dishonest
b discounts (n) reductions in price After you watch
c fixed (adj) can't be changed
d intention (n) plan 7 Work in pairs. How do you think the tourists felt
e maximum (n) top limit about their experiences in the souk? Give reasons
for your answers.
3 Which is bigger, a half or an eighth? Put the
amounts in order of size, starting with the smallest. 8 Vocabulary in context
a half a sixth an eighth a I Ol!fj Watch the clips from the video. Choose
a quarter a third the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
rJ! m Watch the first part of the video 1 I like face-to-face classes because ...
(0.00- 0.53) with the sound OFF. Make a note of 2 What a great present! Believe me, it's ...
the things that you see for sale. Make a whole-class 3 I like to go step by step when ...
list and compare that with your ideas from 9 Do you prefer bargaining or fixed prices?
Exercise 1 question 3.
Give your reasons.
115
ses
te
I
F EATURES 1 Work in pairs . Loo k at the photo and the caption . What other
proble ms do you think runners like this face?
118 Leaving Earth
2 CIEI!J Listen to an extract from a podcas t about the
Could we live on Marathon des Sables. How many of your ideas from Exercise 1
another plane t? are men tioned?
120 The superhumans 3 CIEI!J Listen to the extract again an d make notes about these
Find ou t about the latest things. Does ultrarunning appeal to you? Why? I Why not?
advances in medicine 1 the age of the runners
2 the distances
122 Two journeys, 3 any thing else that interes ted you
two lives
4 Work in groups. Discuss the questions .
y? I Read about two people
who have endured 1 Other extreme spor ts include bungee jumping, Base
tough experiences jum ping, cave diving and free climbing. Have you tried
any of them?
126 What does an 2 Why d o you think peop le push their bodies to the limit?
3 Can you think of any dangers in pus hing your body
astronaut dream to extremes?
about?
A video about the firs t
British woma n in space
l'D LOVE TO LIVE IN ... HEALTH EXPERIENCES INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT INJURIES 117
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reading life on another planet • grammar second conditional • speaking I'd love to live in ...
Professor Stephen Hawking has said that the Meanwhile, astronomers are searching for
human race has no future if it doesn't go into Earth-like planets outside our solar system.
space. The planet we currently know most They hope to take images of planets in
about is Mars. Two crewless spacecraft have Alpha Centauri, the closest star system
already landed on the surface and have sent to Earth. According to Chris Lintott, an
a lot of information to scientists on Earth. astrophysicist at Oxford University, it would
But if we sent astronauts to Mars, would they be be hugely exciting if we could get images
able to survive? How easy would it be to set up from Alpha Centauri. If we had only a tiny
a base? We already know there would be some image, astronomers could work out the
difficult challenges to face. Communication with planet's orbit and its size and colour. If the
Earth would have a 20-minute delay, food and planet turned out to be blue, this might
mean it had water and an atmosphere - and
water would only be provided every few months
and astronauts couldn't go outside the base if where there's water, there's life.
they didn't wear a spacesuit. It all sounds more Of course, getting to such a distant planet is
like science fiction than something that might a different question - it makes a trip to Mars
actually happen. sound easy by comparison .
3 Work in groups. Do you agree with these online 1 Work in pairs. Look again at the comments in
comments about space exploration? Give your Exercise 6. Say which statements (1- 5) you agree
reasons. with and answer the questions (6- 8).
1 'We can't look after Earth, so we'll never be 8 Complete the sentences with endings that are
successful on ano ther planet.' true for you. Then work in pairs and compare
2 'I don't understand why we need to go your sentences.
into space. We should spend the money on
improving life on Earth.' 1 If I was a tourist on a space trip,
a I'd ...
)kine b I wouldn't ...
Grammar second conditional c I could .. .
d I might .. .
SECOND CONDITONAL
2 If I lived on a base on Mars as part of the first
But if we sent astronauts to Mars, would they be able exploration,
to survive? a I'd ...
Astronauts couldn't go outside the base if the y didn't b I wouldn't ...
wear a spacesuit.
c I could .. .
't wo uld be hugely exciting if we could get images from
Alpha Centauri. d I might .. .
If the planet turned out to be blue, this might mean it
'lad water.
9 Work in two pairs within a group of four . Play a
guessing game .
•or f urt her informat ion and practice, see page 174.
Pair A: Turn to page 153 and follow the
instructions .
Look at the grammar box. Answer the questions .
1 Which verb form follows if in the second Pair B: Turn to page 154 and follow the
conditional? instructions .
2 When is a comma used in a second
conditional sentence? Speaking
3 Which three verbs are used before the infinitive
without to in the main clause? 10 Work on your own. Think of a place you 'd like to
live in. Note down five reasons why you'd like to
5 Look at how the second conditional patterns are live there. Then work in groups. Take turns to tell
used in the article. Answer the questions. your group the reasons , but don't say the place.
1 Does the second conditional refer to situations Can they guess before you give all the reasons?
in the past or in the present and the future? A: I'd love to live in beep. I'd go to all the local
2 Does the second conditional refer to real or to football matches.
unreal situations? B: And if I lived in bzzz, I'd never be cold again.
6 Complete the comments about space exploration 11 Think abou t your answers to these questions . Then
with the second conditional. tell the class.
1 I (consider) training as an astronau t 1 If you could start a new life, what things would
if I .................................................. (have) the right qualifications. you change and how?
2 I ................................................... (pay) to be a space tourist if it 2 What would you miss about your 'old' life?
..........................................................(not I be) so expensive.
3 Being in space ....................................... ........ (be) OK if you
... (be able) to have Skype chats with
people outside.
4 If we (find) Earth -like planets, we
(not I be able) to travel there.
..........................................................
5 If I (be) on a long space journey,
I (miss) my famil y.
6 What ...................................................... (happen) if you
(not I get on) well with the rest of
..........................................................
the crew on a spacecraft?
7 If you ...................................................(be) in charge of NASA,
what ................................................. you ........................................................
(spend)
money on?
8 If there ...................................................... (be) life on another planet,
.... they ...............................................
..... (contact) us first?
l'D LOVE TO LIVE IN ... ... HEALTH EXPERIENCES ... INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE ... TALKING ABOUT INJURIES 119
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1 The Paralympics is a sports event for people For further information and practice, see page 174.
2 The TV programme features some athletes
3 A bionic device is one 5 Look at the grammar box . Choose the correct
4 Amanda Boxtel uses a robotic structure option.
5 The structure
6 Amanda Boxtel works with an organization 1 In sentence 1, a documentary is the subjectI
7 There's no limit to the things object of the verb features.
2 In sentence 2, the Paralympiansis the subjectI
a whose devices are bionic. object of the verb mentioned.
b which supports her body. 3 In sentence 3, the range of devices is the subjectI
c bionic devices will be able to do. object of the verb describes.
d that promotes bionic technology . 4 When who, that or which refers to the subjectI
e that uses electronics. object, we can miss it out.
f who have a disability. 5 We can use that instead of who I which I both who
g Amanda Boxtel uses is called
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:t I
I
I
I
10 Pronunciation sentence stress
Speaking my life
l'D LOVE TO LIVE IN .. . .,._ HEALTH EXPERIENCES INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT INJURIES 121
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reading acts of endurance • word focus take • critical thinking reading between the lines •
speaking inspirational people
-------
take an eren
ON 15 FEBRUARY 2009, DIANE VAN DEREN WAS ONE OF
DOZEN RUNNERS TAKING PART IN THE YUKON ARCTIC
J LTRA, A 700-KILOMETRE RACE ACROSS THE FROZEN
,j_RCTIC IN THE MIDDLE OF WINTER. Not a single woman
)tS "'ad ever completed it. With temperatures of 30 degrees
elow zero and only seven hours of daylight each day,
)ill
-'s probably the hardest race in the world . But then,
-1ere is no woman like Diane Van Deren.
u's
- .velve years earlier, Van Deren, a former professional
-en nis player, had a kiwi-size piece of her brain taken Yet somehow through it all, Van Deren remained
n the positive. This was perhaps helped by another curious
::ut. It was part of the treatment for the epilepsy which
;1 e suffered from . The operation was successful, but she result of her operation. 'I have a problem with 25
-oticed one unexpected result: she could run without short-term memory. I could be out running for two
0
;:opping for hours . weeks, but if someone told me it was day one of a race,'
. wi lt
she jokes, 'I'd say, "Great, let's get started!'"
_, the start of the Arctic Ultra, icy winds froze Van
_,eren's water supplies so she had nothing to drink for On 26 February 2009 - exactly twelve years after her
)egir surgery - Van Deren crossed the finish line of the Arctic 30
-- e first 160 kilometres. She kept going by sucking on
fruit and nut bars. On the eleventh day, the ice Ultra. She was one of eight people who fin ished - and
ice the first and only woman.
: eneath her feet cracked open and Van Deren fell up
-:J her shoulders into a freezing river . She managed to
sa
: .mb out, but it was hard to continue. Her boots had
epilepsy (n) /'ep1 ,lepsi/ an illness affecting the brain
to her feet.
Jne-
:ms.
J2fUu
, 2001, JOHN DAU BOARDED A PLANE TO NEW YORK.
- WAS THE BEGINNING OF ONE TRIP BUT THE END OF A
JU RNEY WHICH HAD TAKEN HIM MORE THAN HALF OF
)ns=- -.s LIFE. In 1987,aged thirteen, Dau had run away from
- s home in southern Sudan, escaping from the soldiers
'10 came to destroy his village. He met up with a small
;·oup of boys like himself and together they walked for
•m e
eeks to reach a refugee camp in Ethiopia . 'I had no
vays-
oes and no clothes; at night the desert was so cold.
e thought about our parents all the time,' remembers only 18,000 of them arrived in Sudan. But the area was
:a u. The boys had no food and nothing to drink . 'We soon attacked again, so Dau and the other 'Lost Boys' of
ewed grass and ate mud to stay alive .' Sudan set off south again , this time to a camp in Kenya. 25
-., e boys walked by night and slept by day. Eventually By now, Dau had walked more than 1,600 kilometres.
- ey reached the camp, where Dau spent the next Ten years later, Dau was one of a handful of 'Lost Boys'
1ut
:Jur years. As one of the older boys, Dau led and took who were sponsored to study in the USA. A new kind of
n
3re of a group of younger children which eventually journey was about to begin.
- Jmbered 1,200. But Dau was forced to run again when
1diers came to the camp. Along with 27,000 other
iic inr :oy s, he set off to walk back to Sudan. To get there refugee camp (n) /,refj u'd3 i: kremp/ a temporary home for
\llre people who have left their country of origin
- ey had to cross Gilo River. 'Soldiers were shooting at
...s, so we had to dive into water full of crocodiles,' Dau
::counts. Thousands of boys were killed or caught and
l'D LOVE TO LIVE IN ... HEALTH EXPERIENCES INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT INJURIES 123
my life A PERSONAL EMAIL
1 Od First aid
Vocabulary injuries
1 Work in p airs. Comp lete the table with the things
that cause these injur ies. Some things can cau se
more than one injury. Add at least one more cause
of each inju ry.
5 Pronunciation and
blades and knives insect b ites
falling off something tripping up a CllEiJ Listen to these expressio ns. Notice how ar
falling over wasp and bee stings is no t stressed.
food poisoning
Aand E wasp and bee stings
2 For each injury, decide with your partner what is cuts and bruises bites and stuff
the best thing to do . sprains and breaks go and see Rosana
....
1 Who do you talk to w hen you need advice about a Look at the table. Which group of words can
the se things? Work in pairs . Compare your ideas . replace each highlighted word in the email? Write
the w ords from the email in the table . Add a
and car trouble personal problems comma where nece ssary.
difficulties at work/school relationship dilemmas
health worries 1 clearly
naturally
2 Read the em ail. What is its purp ose? Choose the 2 in fact
best option (a-c). to be honest
3 Before I forget,
a The writer is asking for informati on about a job
10W Incidentally,
opportuni ty.
b The w rite r is getting in tou ch with an old friend. 4 Anyway,
c The w rite r needs some help makin g a decision . Well,
l'D LOVE TO LIVE IN . .. HEALTH EXPERIENCES INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT INJURIES 125
my life .... A PERSONAL EMAIL
Before you watch 6 I Clltll Watch the second part of the video
(1.22-1.52). Complete the sentences with one word.
1 Work in pairs. What do you think astronauts
1 Everyone says the Earth looks
might dream about?
2 Helen Sharman felt disconnected and
... to the Earth.
2 Key vocabulary
3 She knew it was her ...
a Read the sentences. Try to guess the missing words. 4 She wanted to ...
1 In my job with an airline, it's important to have 7 Watch the third part of the video (1.53-2.27).
great .........................................................
to work with. Answer the questions.
2 Stones don't ..................................................... on water, but pieces 1 Astronauts talk about different things at the
of wood usually do.
start of a space trip and after a couple of days.
3 Since I left home, the thing I ......................................................... most What do they talk about?
is my dad's cooking. He makes great pizza!
2 What do they think about when they go over
4 After six months travelling through China, we
different countries?
felt very ... .........................to the way of life there.
5 We'd read amazing reviews of the film, and 8 I Clltll Work in pairs. How do you think Helen
when we saw it we weren't .............................................. . It Sharman's dream ends? Watch the last part of the
was fantastic. video (2.28 to the end) and check your ideas.
Read the words in bold and their definitions.
The words are used in the video. Complete the After you watch
sen tences in Exercise 2a with the words.
9 Work in pairs. Compare your personal reactions to
a float (v) to move slowly on the surface of water the video. Do you think the animation went well
or in air with Helen Sharman's words? Did anything surprise
b crewmates (n) members of a team on a ship, you? What was the overall message for you?
plane or spacecraft
c miss (v) to feel sad about things or people you 10 Vocabulary in context
aren't with now
d disappointed (adj) to feel unhappy with a I ij ltfj Watch the clips from the video. Choose
something that wasn't as good as you'd hoped the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
e connected (adj) linked or associated with a
thing, place or person b Complete the sentences in your own words. Then
work in pairs and compare your sentences.
3 Work in pairs. In the video you hear an astronaut, 1 I only ... on the odd occasion.
Helen Sharman, talking about being on the Mir 2 I never understand what ... has to do with ....
space station. Can you guess how she uses the 3 If you asked me ... , my response would be
words in Exercise 2b? 'absolutely!'
4 On a cold night, it's nice to feel the warmth of ....
hile you watch 5 I was laughing and crying at once when ....
6 It's best to tell someone gently if ....
I Clltll Watch the video. In which order (1-3)
does Helen Sharman talk about these 11 Work in small groups. Discuss the questions.
things (a-c)? 1 How often do you dream?
a her own feelings when she was on the 2 Do you usually have dreams or nightmares?
Mir module 3 Do you remember your dreams?
b her dream 4 Some people say dreams have meanings. Do
c what astronauts feel when they look at Earth you know of any common interpretations?
from space 5 What do you think of the idea of interpreting
dreams?
5 I Cll1li Watch the first part of the video (0.00-1.21)
again. Choose the correct option. curvature (n) / 'k3:v;itf;i / the curve of the outline of the Earth
1 She dreams about the liftofffrom Earth I being in seen from space
module (n) /'mod3u:I / a section of the space station
space.
orientation (n) / ,oriente1'f;in / the direction or way something
2 She floats towards a door I a window.
is pointing
3 She sees I doesn't see the stars. physical geography (n) / ,f1Z1bl d3i'ogr;ifi/ features such as
4 Sergei and her other crewmates are I aren't in mountains, rivers, deserts, etc.
the dream. rate (n) /re1t/ speed
5 She looks out of I wants to leave through the sedate (adj) /s;i'de1t/ slow and unhurried
window.
127
Real life
7 Choose the correct option. Then decide what
injury or illness each piece of advice could refer tc
2 Read the comments again . Which ones do you 1 You should get I getting an X-ray.
agree with? 2 You'd better phone I phoning an ambulance.
3 mM:I Work in pairs. For each of these things, 3 It might be worth go I going to the doctor's.
agree on a definition and an example. Then 4 Have you tried take I taking antihistamines?
compare with another pair . 5 If I were you, I'd put I putting some cream on i-
ICAN
talk about improbable situations in the present or
the future (second conditional)
give descriptions or definitions of things which include
essential informat ion (defin ing relative clauses)
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- - ·- ··----
·st
t1
FEATURES 1 Look at the photo and the caption. Which of these parts of a
news website do you think this photo would appear in?
130 Uncontacted tribes
business section homepage
How a viral video revealed a celebrity news national news
controversial story comment and analysis politics and society
current affairs sports section
132 Sending a message entertainment technology
What's the best way to get features world news
to your message across?
2 Work in pairs. Read the comments about the news. Think of at
134 Spreading the news least two ways to complete each comment.
An article about the impact 1 'I get the headlines direct to my mobile so that ... '
of social networks 2 'I don't usually click on headlines unless ... '
m i·
3 'I don't believe everything I read because ... '
138 Can you read my lips? 4 'I sometimes send a story to friends if .. . '
ons
A video about what it's like
to have hearing difficulties 3 CID Listen to four people answering questions about
the news. Compare their comments with your ideas from
Exercise 2.
NEWS STORIES PERSONAL COMMUNICATION APPS FOR MOBILE PHONES TELEPHONE MESSAGES 129
my life AN OPINION ESSAY
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reading isolated tribes • grammar reported speech • speaking and writing news stories
ome years ago, the Brazilian department for time that he wouldn't let a single Indian die. 'But,' he
Indian affairs (FUNAI) published photos of said, 'when the contact came, the diseases arrived, the
an uncontacted Amazonian tribe. FUNAI said that Indians died.'
the tribe was under threat from exploitation of the
The authors of the article in Sciencesaid that isolated
Amazonian forest. Around the same time, a BBC
tribes aren't viable in the long term. However, FUNAI
documentary showed video of the same tribe. The
said that populations of the tribes they had been
photos went viral, leading to a reaction worldwide .
monito ring via satellite images had increased over a 30-
Many online commentators asked what was being done
year period.
to save the tribe. Some people also asked if contact with
the outside world was actually a bad thing. Speaking to Survival, an Awa man from Brazil's north-
eastern Amazon said that when he'd lived in the forest,
Several years after the viral video, the subject was still
he'd had a good life and that if he met one of the
controversial. An article in the magazine Sciencesaid
uncontacted tribes he'd say, 'There's nothing in the
that it was possible to contact isolated Amazonian tribes
outside for you.'
safely. However, the NGO Survival disagreed. They
quoted Sydney Possuelo, a former head of FUNAI who
was talking about his experience with such tribes. He exploitation (n) /,ekspb1'te1fn / the unfair use of someone
said that originally he had believed it would be possible for another person's benefit
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui isolated
Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
(adj) apart from others, alone
to make safe contact and that he had organized one of
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
Grammar reported speech 9 Read abou t the firs t contact som e trib es had w ith
outsiders . Comp lete the tex t with the correc t for m
REPORTED SPEECH of th e verbs for reporte d sp eech .
1 FUNAI said (that) the tribe was under threat.
2 He said at the time (that) he wouldn 't let a single
Indian die.
3 FUNAI said the populations had increased over a
30-year period.
4 Commentators asked what was being done to save
the t ri be.
5 People asked if contact with the outside world was a
bad thing.
Vocabularycommunications Listening
technology 3 Work in pairs. Read the headlines. What do you think
the stories are about? Write one sentence for each
1 Which of these things do you use? headline .
Which apps or companies do you prefer
for each one?
El Firm sacks workers by text
instant messaging biogs
search engines social media
video messaging mYouTubeor
'UFO-tube'?
2 Work in pairs. Complete the questions in
your own words . Then ask and answer the
questions.
mEmail alert II How to enjoy
1 Do you follow anyone on ...........................................? warns of traffic tomorrow's
2 Do you know how to upload videos to eclipse of
. ......................................?
chaos
3 Do you prefer calling or ... . .....................your the sun
friends?
4 Do you take many .... ...............?
El Tweet your way around the world
CII!JListen to the conversations again. 9 Read the reported comments. Write the actual
Choose the correct option (a--c). words the people used . ·1
1 The journalist asks her followers ... 1 Dinah invited me to join her group online. I
I
a to meet her for breakfast 2 I asked Dinah to send me a link with the
b to send in photos address. I
c to suggest things to do
2 The website reminds readers ...
3 I reminded Jared to sign out of his account.
4 Dinah offered to help me synchronize my I
a not to bookmark the eclipse page email accounts.
b not to use telescopes 5 I told Jared to delete the tweet.
c to check the weather 6 Jared promised to upload the video for me.
3 The company told people ...
a not to turn up for work .... REPORTING VERBS: THOUGHTS
b not to use text messages
Verbs like realize, think, know and wonder have the same
c to come to work early on Monday
pattern as say+ that and ask + if/whether.
4 The politician has invited aliens . .
I thought you were coming earlier.
a to come to his house Jared wondered if/whether you had forgotten.
b to come to a meeting
c to watch his video For further information and practice, see page 176.
NEWS STORIES PERSONAL COMMUNICATION APPS FOR MOBILE PHONES MESSAGES 133
my life OPINION ESSAY
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reading community journalism • critical thinking opinions • speaking apps for mobile phones
2 Work in pairs. Are you familiar with these terms? Critical thinking opinions
What do you think they mean? Read the article
quickly and underline the terms. Check your ideas.
8 Look at the question in the title of the article again .
Do you think the writer successfully answers
internet access community journalism this question?
the digital divide traditional media 9 Read these extracts from the article. The writer is
media organizations affordable technology expressing her opinion. Which words or phrases
tell you this? What is her opinion in each case?
3 Read the article again . Find information about
these things. Compare with your partner. 1 As a journalist myself , it seems clear that the
digital divide is also a problem for media
1 internet access in different places organizations.
2 mobile phone ownership in different places 2 Obviously, this has great benefits for rural
3 HablaGuate communities .
4 CGNet Swara 3 Clearly, community journalism works .
4 Answer the questions using information from 10 Underline two places in the article where the
the article. author gives the opinion or view of other people .
1 What kind of technology is used by the What two phrases does she use to introduce the
community journalism projects described? opinion or view?
2 What kind of news stories don't usually appear 11 Which sentence (a-c) best summarizes the write r '_
in traditional news media?
view of the digital divide?
3 What happens to the stories received by CGNet
Swara before they are shared? a The digital divide is a problem that needs to be
4 How successful is CGNet Swara? solved as soon as possible.
b The digital divide doesn't exist any more,
5 Work in pairs. Find how these words are used in since so many people have mobile phones.
the article and decide if they are adjectives, nouns c The digital divide has resulted in successful
or verbs. Then try to think of another word that alternative ways of connecting communities.
could replace them.
1 enables (line 27) 5 affairs (line 35)
2 links (line 28) 6 dial (line 44) Speaking
3 debate (line 29) 7 highlight (line 50) 12 Work in two pairs within a group of four. You
4 rural (line 31) 8 issue (line 51) are going to find out about new apps for mobile
6 Look at how the words in bold are used in these phones .
sentences. Which words in Exercise 5 have a Pair A: Turn to page 153 and follow the instructio m
similar meaning?
1 Living in a small country village, we are a long Pair B: Tum to page 154 and follow the instructio m
way from the city. 13 Tell the other students in your group about the
2 When you call the number, you hear a message . most useful apps on your phone . Which one coul d
3 Our class is going to discuss the main ideas of you not live without?
the film we watched today.
4 There are some serious environmental
problems around the factory.
5 The motorway connects the two cities.
6 The news reports emphasize the fact that
nobody was hurt in the accident.
7 There's a bus twice a day that makes it
possible for us to get to school.
8 Following the expansion, everyone is hoping
for an improvement in its financial
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por Ismael Christian . Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
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Lin.
e.
,_
be
hese days, the popular view is that we're all connected, making it easier to debate and participate in the kind
all of the time, by the internet. But are we? On the of local issues that don 't usually make headlines in the 30
one hand, we have people who live in cities . In many cities traditional media . Obviously, this has great benefits for rural
around the world, internet access is almost 100 per cent. communities. Following its success in Guatemala, Andrade
On the other hand, we have those who live in rural areas. has adapted the idea for other countries in Central America.
Even in richer countries, the number of rural households As she says, affordable technology like mobiles enables
with internet access is much lower than 100 per cent. And people to become active in local affairs that affect their lives. 35
n some rural areas of India, for example, it's less than
Halfway across the world, another journalist had a similar
one per cent. This situation is what's known as the digital
idea. Shubhranshu Choudhary used to report for the BBC in
divide - the gap between those who have and those who
his home country, India. According to Choudhary, the best
e don't have the communications technology that gives them
people to report on local issues are local people. He set up
easy access to information . As a journalist myself, it seems
CGNet Swara, a current affairs network based around news 40
clear that the digital divide is also a problem for media
0 that is sent on mobiles. Since 2010, more than three hundred
organizations.
thousand stories have been sent to the network, of which
Olli Fortunately, the lack of internet access doesn't always about five thousand have been fact-checked and shared. To
mean that people can 't connect to the wider world. That's listen to the stories, users dial the number of the network and
because there is one type of technology that over three choose an option on a menu to hear audio clips. For example, 45
tld billion people do have access to - the mobile phone. And one story was from a man who reported that elephants were
the great advantage of mobile phones is that you don't causing problems for his village. Another audio clip was from
need the internet to use them . Mobiles connect people to a woman who called in with the news that a local company
their friends and family, but they can also help to connect had finally paid its workers the wages that they were owed.
whole communities. In fact, a whole new type of community This was a direct result of her previous story that highlighted 50
journalism can exist thanks to mobile phone technology. the issue. What's more, the national media are now featuring
some of the stories from CGNet Swara.
Let's look at Guatemala - a country of fifteen million people
with twenty-two million registered mobiles . Guatemalan Clearly, community journalism works. And although the
journalist Kara Andrade developed a project, Hab/aGuate, digital divide may be a problem for more traditional media
that enables people to send their stories to a community organizations, some local communities have found ways of 55
website from their mobiles. HablaGuate links communities, overcoming this problem .
real life telephone language • pronunciation po li te reques t s w ith can and could
--•1 1
11 e A point of view
rvriting an opinion essay b Write the words and expressions from the essay that are
used for these functions. Add a comma where necessary.
Work in pairs. Look at the title of the essay.
Discuss the question and make notes on at Starting a parag rap h
least two reasons to support your answer.
Giving examples
STORIES PERSONAL COMMUNICA TION A PPS FOR MOBILE PHONES TELEPHONE MESSAGES 137
my life AN OPINION ESSAY
2
a
b Match the words in bold in Exercise 2a with 11 Work in pairs. Take turns to spell words for your
these definitions. partner to guess.
139
-- - .i-
FEATURES 1 Work in groups. Look at the photo and the caption. What do
you think the man 's job is? What's he doing?
142 The man who ate
2 llliiJ Listen to an interview with a farmer from the Hebrides.
his boots Check your ideas from Exercise 1.
Looking back at the mistakes
of some British explorers 3 llliiJ Can you remember the answers to the interviewer's
questions? Listen to the interview again and check.
144 Experts in the wild 1 Why do you need to move the sheep like this?
Listen to two stories about 2 When do you bring them back?
unexpected trouble
4 Work in groups. Can you work out the solution to this
farmer's problem?
146 The legacy of the
samurai A farmer has a fox, a chicken and a bag of grain . He needs
to cross a river . He 's got a boat, but he can only fit one other
Find out about Japan's thing with him in the boat. Remember that foxes eat chickens
famous soldiers
and chickens eat grain. How does he get everything across
the river?
150 Shark vs. octopus
A video about an encounter
between a shark and
an octopus
DECISIONS WHERE DID I GO WRONG? GOING BACK IN TIME MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES 141
my life A WEBSITE ARTICLE
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reading what explorers have to do to survive • grammar third conditional • speaking decisions
The man who ate his boots is a fascinating account of expeditions at hs absolute gripping -E:u.e'l'u.• .:rv•OE• ,
that went wrong. The book tells the story of the nineteenth century a uthor of The Pr:rfecl StQrm and ll'ar
British search for a route to Asia via the Arctic (the Northwest
Passage). Author Anthony Brandt describes many attempts by THE MAN
both land and sea that ended in failure and tragedy, including the
1845 expedition led by Sir John Franklin. Brandt shows how these WHO ATE
brave, yet sometimes foolish, British explorers would have avoided HIS
starvation, frostbite and even death if they'd copied the survival
techniques of the local Inuit people. Some of the more surprising BOOTS
details the book reveals include:
TH E TRAGIC HISTOHY
Tents
OF THE SEAHCH FOR THE
The British had seen how the Inuit built igloos, but they still used
tents. Tents freeze in sub-zero temperatures and don't keep the NORTHWEST PASSAGE
people inside them warm. If the British had built igloos, they would
have been warm even in the worst Arctic weather.
Clothing
Frostbite was common among the British but rare among the Inuit. If
the explorers had worn sealskin and furs like the Inuit, they wouldn't
have suffered from frostbite.
Dog teams
Why didn't the British use dog teams to pull their sledges? British
explorers pulled their sledges themselves right into the early
twentieth century. It cost Scott and his men their lives on their return
from the South Pole in 1912. frostbite (n) /'fro s(t)ba1t/ severe damage to
the body caused by freezing conditions,
Salad
usually affecting toes and fingers
The British did get something right, however, when Captain Edward
scurvy (n) / 'sk3: vi/ an illness affecting the
Parry grew salad vegetables in boxes on board his ship. It was known
mouth and teeth caused by lack of vitamin C
that fresh vegetables and fresh meat prevented scurvy, although at
sledge (n) /sled3/ a wooden object for
that time the reason for this - not enough vitamin C - hadn't been
transporting people and things across snow
discovered . Parry's men wouldn't have stayed healthy if they hadn't starvation (n) /sto:'ve1J;;m/ death or loss of
eaten the salads. strength caused by not eating
Grammar third conditional 7 Find two more third conditional sentences in the book
review.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
8 Complete the sentences using the third conditional and the
1 If the British had built igloos, they would have
verbs in brackets.
been warm even in the worst Arctic weather.
2 Parry's men wouldn't have stayed healthy if 1 If the British .........................................................
(wear) furs, they
they hadn't eaten the salads. (not I get) frostbite.
For further information and practice, see page 178. 2 The men ...................................................... (not I be) exhausted if they
.. (use) dogs to pull their sledges.
3 If the men ....................................................... (take) essential items only, the
5 Look at the grammar box. Which verb forms sledges mm (not I be) heavy .
are used to make the third conditional? (not I become) ill if they
4 They ........................................................
6 Look at the grammar box again. Answer the ... (know) their canned food was poisonous.
questions. 5 One expedition ....................................................... (not I get) stuck on the ice
if they .........................................................
(speak) to local people.
1 a Did the British learn to build igloos? 6 If the expeditions .........................................................(follow) local customs,
b Were they warm in the worst they ......................................................
(be) successful.
Arctic weather?
2 a Did Parry's men stay healthy? 9 Look at your completed sentences in Exercise 8. Say what
b Did they eat salads? actually happened.
1 The British didn't wear furs. They got frostbite.
10 Work in pairs. Match the pairs of sentences. Then write a
new sentence using the third conditional.
1 We forgot to check our flight times.
If we hadn't forgotten to check our flight times, we wouldn't
have missed the plane.
2 We didn't ask anyone for information.
3 A local man gave us a map.
4 We didn't plan things very well.
5 The airline didn't let me take my bag on board.
6 We didn't get into the museum for free.
7 We didn't check the weather forecast.
a I packed too much.
b The holiday was a disaster.
c We found our way to the castle.
d We missed the plane.
e We didn't take a phrase book.
f We didn't take appropriate clothes .
g We didn't have our student cards with us.
Speaking my life
WHERE DID I GO WRONG? GOING BACK IN TIME MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES 143
my life A WEBSITE ARTICLE
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listening unexpected problems • grammar should have and could have • wordbuilding prefixes in-, un-, im - •
speaking where did I go wrong?
8 Look at the sentences in Exercise 7 again. Match 11 Pronunciation should have and could have
the sen tences (1- 6) wit h the meanings (a- d).
a ia ut•I Listen to the sentences with could have and
a This was the right thing to do, but we didn' t should have from Exercise 10. Notice the weak form
do it. of have /h-;iv/.
b This was the wrong thing to do, bu t we did it.
c This was possible, but it didn't happen. b la M•I Listen again and repeat the sen tences .
d This was impossi ble and it didn' t h appen.
Wordbuilding prefixes in-,
HAVE and COULD HAVE
un- , 1m-
should (not)
have + past participle
could (not) WORDBUILDINGprefix in-, un-, im-
For fu rther informat ion and practice, see page 178. We can add in- and un- to the beginning of some
adjectives t o mean 'not '. We can also use im- before some
adjectives which begin with the letter 'p'.
9 Look at the grammar box. Choose the best option an inappropriate place, an unexpected experience, It was
to complete the sentences . impossible .
1 We would I should have brought more water - For further practice, see Workbook page 99.
I'm really thirsty now.
2 The elephants came so close we almost could I
couldn't have touched them . 12 Look at the wor db uilding box. Replace the words
3 We've run out of food - we should I shouldn't in bold with an adjective beginning wit h in-, un -
have known this would happen . or im-.
4 If I'd followed you, I should I could have got 1 We migh t see an elep hant today, but it's
there more quickly. n ot lik ely.
5 I should I would have asked what was in the 2 The guide is grea t even tho ugh he's n ot
drink before I drank it. experi enc ed.
6 If we'd taken the other road, we wouldn't I 3 In m y cou ntry, it's no t po lite to speak while
shouldn't have got lost. you're eating .
4 I ha te sleeping in a tent - it's cold and not
0 Comple te the story with should (not) have, could
comforta b le.
(not) have and pas t participle forms.
5 Don't worry about wha t to wear. The invi tation
says it's no t fo rm al.
6 My colleague is friendly, but he's n ot p atient.
Speaking my life
DECISIONS WHERE DID I GO WRONG? GOING BACK IN TIME MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES 145
) my lifu) A WEBSITE ARTICLE
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reading military experts • critical thinking relevance • word focus go • speaking going back in time
... DECISIONS WHERE DID I GO WRONG? ... GOING BACK IN TIME MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES 147
my life ... A WEBSITE ARTICLE
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
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3 l> lifl Listen to the three conversations and 6 Pronunciation sentence stress
check your ideas from Exercise 2.
a •> Ml Listen to the expressions for making anc;
4 1a t1!I Listen to the conversations again . Then accepting apologies . Notice which word in black
answer the questions.
stressed. Repeat the expressions.
1 What is the problem?
2 How is the situation resolved? b Work in pairs. Take turns to speak and respond
using an appropriate expression. Pay attention tc
the words you stress.
MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES
1
1 Excuse me. This is a no smoking area.
I' m reall y sorry you've gone to all this trouble . 2 I'm so sorry . I forgot to bring your book bac k.
There 's no need to apolog ize - it's not a problem . 3 Excuse me. That seat is taken.
It's my fault. I'll make you something else. 4 You should have told me you didn't eat gar lic
2 5 Why is there no milk left?
I couldn't help it - I sl ipped . 6 I'm really sorry I didn't tell you I was comin g
Don 't blame me - this floor is slippery . 7 Excuse me . Please wait until the waiter sho w_
Look , it was an accident ! It coul_d have happened to you to a table.
anyone. 8 Sorry, we don't accept credit cards.
It's not your fault. Sorry I got upset .
3 7 Work in pairs . Choose one of the problems in
I'm so sorry to keep you wait ing . Exercise 1 or use your own idea. Decide what
Don 't worr y about it - that service is terrible . your relationship is and take a role each . Prepar e::.
Sorry about that ! conversation which includes at least one apolog y
It's j ust one of those th in gs - buses are unreliable !
8 Act out your conversation in front of another pair.
Can they identify the situation and the relations hif
5 Work in pairs. Do you think all of the expressions
for making and accepting apologies would be
appropriate in each of the three relationships?
Why? I Why not?
DECISIONS WHERE DID I GO WRONG? GOING BACK IN TIME MAKING AND ACCEPTING APOLOGIES 149
my life A WEBSITE ARTICLE
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1 We have a tank with eight different kinds of started to appear at the bottom of the tank.
tropical fish in it. They're beautiful to look at. The 3 .........................................................
were worried. But then they
2 Mice can be killed by several predators , such as discovered that the 4 .... . .................... was attacking
foxes and birds, and of course, cats. the 5 ....................................... Nobody had expected this
3 A tiger's stripes help to camouflage it as it to happen. The octopus was more dangerous than
moves through grass and bushes. the sharks!
4 Polar bears are the same colour as their
surroundings in winter, when everything After you watch
is white.
5 Some animals release a strong smell when they 6 Vocabulary in context
are in danger.
a I Cit.II Watch the clips from the video. Choose
b Match the words in bold in Exercise 2a with the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
these definitions.
a to use patterns and colours so that it's difficult b Answer the questions in your own words. Then
to be seen work in pairs and compare your answers.
b the place where you are and the things that 1 What other words can you use to get someone's
are there attention when you start to speak?
c to allow a liquid or gas to escape 2 Think of some well-known inventions
d animals that kill and eat other animals to survive or products. Do you know how they got
e a large container of water to keep fish and their names?
similar animals in 3 What kind of thing do people dine on in
your country?
While you watch 7 Work in small groups. Brainstorm as many
3 I Clfji Watch the video and check your ideas animals as you can in two minutes. Then
from Exercise 1question4. Are you surprised? discuss the connections between them - which
are predators and which are prey? How many
4 I Clfjl Work in pairs, Student A and Student B. animals can you connect into a 'food chain'?
Watch the first part of the video (0.00-1.38) again.
Make notes about your animal. Then tell your aquarium (n) /g'kwegrigm/ a type of zoo for fish and other
partner. sea animals
beak (n) /bi:k/ the hard part of a mouth, usually on a bird
Student A: the spiny dogfish shark dismiss (v) /d1s'm1s/ to reject or not consider something
1 usual food prey (n) /pre1/ an animal that is killed and eaten by a
predator
sucker (n) /'st..b / part of an animal's body that helps them
2 how it gets its name
hold things
welfare (n) /'welfeg / health or safety of people or animals
3 usual behaviour
151
Vocabulary
4 Write adjectives with the correct prefix which
mean the same as:
1 not appropriate
2 not comfortable
3 not experienced
4 not formal
5 not likely
6 not patient
7 not polite
8 not possible
9 not unexpected
UNIT 3b Exercise 10, page 37 UNIT 11a Exercise 10, page 131
Pair A Pair A
Read the solution to puzzle A. Pair B will ask you Read the news story. Write a short dialogue
questions to discover the answer to this puzzle. Then ask between the man and a rescuer. Practise your
Pair B questions to discover the answer to puzzle B. Then dialogue so that you are ready to act it out for Pair
turn back to page 37. B. Then turn back to page 131.
Solution to puzzle A A walker who got lost in the hills was rescued this
The people on the yacht decided to have a diving weekend after taking a photo with his phone and
competition. When they were all in the water, they emailing it to the Volunteer Rescue Service. The man
discovered they had forgotten to put a ladder down had fallen and was injured, but with no maps he
the side of the yacht. They couldn't get back into the couldn't tell the rescuers where he was. He took the
yacht, so they drowned . photo after advice from the rescue team, who then
recognized the location immediately.
153
Communication activities
UNIT 3b Exercise 10, page 37 UNIT 11a Exercise 10, page 131
Pair B PairB c
Ask Pair A questions to discover the ans w er to puzzle A. Read the news stor y. Write a short dialogue r
Then read the solution to puzzle B. Pair A will ask you bet ween Adam and Core y. Practise your dialogu e 5
questions to discover the answer to this puzzle . so that you are read y to act it out for Pair A. Then a
turn back to page 131. g
Solution to puzzle B
The man had fallen into the Dead Sea. This is actually A message in a bottle which was put into the Atlan t ' j.
a salt -water lake. The salt density is so high that you Ocean in Florida has reached Ireland. Adam Flanne l) e
can easily float on the surface of the water. aged 17, found the bottle which had been sent by Il
high school student Corey Swearingen. The message
gave Corey's contact details and asked the finder
UNIT 9a Exercise 10, page 107 to get in touch with details of where the bottle
Student B ended up.
Situation Kebab
Cubes of meat (or fish) on a skewer, cooked over an
a You're with a friend. open fire. Originally from Central and Western Asia.
b You're in the reception area of a company.
c You're in an interview. Lasagne
d You're on the phone. An Italian dish of pasta sheets layered with cheese,
meat and tomato sauce and baked in the oven.
Paella
A rice dish originally from Valencia, Spain. Rice
is cooked in a shallow dish with meat or seafood.
Saffron flavours and colours the rice.
Sauerkraut
From northern Europe. Shredded cabbage is
fermented until it has a sour flavour.
Tortilla
1 A type of flatbread made from corn or wheat in
Central America.
2 A potato omelette from Spain.
155
157
159
161
163
Advice and recommendation As with the first conditional, we put a comma when
the clause with the time expression comes first.
Should doesn 't express a rule. We use should and
shouldn't to give advice and recommendations. Exercises 5 and 6
You should try to eat some fruit every day.
You shouldn't eat too much before you go to bed.
Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
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7 You mustn't help me with the dishes. I can do find I won't find cheap plane tickets .
them myself. 5 Do you I Will you come out tonight if you finish I
8 He shouldn't has salt on his food. you'll finish your homework?
6 If you have I will have enough money, do I will
2 Read the signs. Complete the sentences with the you buy some new shoes?
correct modal form . Write all the possible answers.
1 TICKETS NEEDED BEFORE ENTRY
5 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1- 6) with
the endings (a-f). Then complete the endings of
You ....................................................... I .........................................................
buy a ticket
the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
before you enter.
bracke ts.
2 TABLETS AND PHONES ALLOWED ON
THIS FLIGHT 1 If she doesn't leave soon,
You .........................................................switch off your tablets or 2 They'll have a picnic in the park next to their
phones on this flight. house
3 NOPARKING 3 You can't go out
You ........................................................ I . . . ..................................................I 4 You'll feel sick
.... park here . 5 Can you call me
4 THIS FILM IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR 6 I think he'll drive to the station
CHILDREN
a if there . . ....................too much traffic. (not be)
Children ......................................................... see this film.
b until you ... ....................................... all your homework.
5 EXAM IN PROGRESS: BE QUIET!
(finish)
You .............................................. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .speak
.. quietly .
c as soon as you .................................................... this message? (get)
6 SERVICE INCLUDED: TIP NOT
d she ........................................................
her bus. (miss)
NECESSARY
e if you ... ...............all that chocolate! (eat)
You .... . ............ leave a tip in this restaurant.
f unless it .... ............... (rain)
7 NO ENTRY EXCEPT FOR CYCLISTS
You ...... ........... I ...................................................... I 6 Complete the conversation with the correct form
... ride your bicycle here . of these verbs.
3 Complete the text with modal verbs and the verb eat exercise fo llow go lose not do
in brackets . Use affirmative and negative forms of not f eel not lose
the modal verbs .
School dinners are very popular in the UK. Most A: How are you?
children 1 .........................................................
(pay) for school dinners, B: I'm fed up! I'm trying to lose weight, but
but they don't cost a lot. However, poorer families nothing's working!
2
..............................(pay) - the school dinners are free. A: Well, I'm sure if you 1 ........................................................
healthy
food, you 2 ...... _ ................................some weight. And you
There are strict rules about school dinners. For need to exercise too.
example, every meal 3_ ................(include) meat
B: I try to eat healthily, but I never have time to
or fish, fruit and vegetables and bread, potatoes exercise!
and other cereals. Another rule is that school A: But you 3 ......................................................
weight if you
canteens 4 .............................................
(sell) food and drinks with ...................any exercise.
4 .....................................
a lot of sugar and salt. B: Alright! I'll go on my exercise bike before I
5
Children 5 ......................................................
(eat) school dinners if to bed this evening.
.....................................................
recommendations for the types of food to give . . sleepy afterwards. And sleep is
children in their packed lunches. For example, also important for losing weight .. .
children 7 .... ... . ........ (eat) fruit every day and B: OK, so I'll go for a run at lunchtim e inste ad.
they 8 ........................................... (have) junk food like crisps A: Great. But remember - unless yo u
8
and chocolate . a regular fitne ss programme,
.........................................................
you'll never lose weight.
165
..- Exercises 1, 2 and 3 Descargado por Ismael Christian Achahui Vilca (draking_live_96@hotmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|5974606
a . . what was inside. 5 Read the pairs of sentences . Rewrite the first
b ..... more exercise . sentence using a present modal verb.
c .... my train. 1 It's impossible that that's Martin 's car. His car
d mm me a question . is in the garage .
e ....... some food for dinner. That ...
f . . to his wife . 2 I'm sure it's cold outside. It's snowing!
g ... my favourite series . It ....
2 Rewrite six of the sentences in Exercis e 1 with so 3 It's possible that the y aren't at home. Their car
that. With which sentence can 't you use so that? isn't outside their house .
167
do drive listen live love own 1 Jack always wins when they race. Jack runs
not be not feel
than John. (quickly)
2 Ruth is the laziest person in her family. Ruth
1 I .................................
.................................................
in Lima when I was young. works ... . .................................................................. than her brothers.
2 What ........................................................ you . . . mm at (hard)
the weekends when you were a child? 3 Your motorbike is really noisy. Your motorbike
3 We . . ...............................................going to the theatre runs .....................................................................................
than mine. (quietly)
when we lived in London. 4 The last flight is the Fastair flight. The Fastair
4 There .............................................................................. any houses here flight arrives .....................................................................................
than all the
when I was young - it was all fields. others. (late)
5 I ... ...................................................... worried when I had an 5 Katy is a very slow worker. Sarah doesn't work
exam at school. ..............................................................
than Katy. (slowly)
6 We ............................................................................... a lovely house by the sea. 6 Mike exercises once a week, but Martin
7 ... people ... . . more exercises every day. Mike exercises
before they built a metro here? .... than Martin. (often)
8 She .....................................................................................
to rock music before 7 Julie's exam result was better than the other
she went to university. students' results. Julie did . .
in the exam than the others . (well)
2 Tick the sentences in which used to can be replaced
by would. 5 Complete the sentences so that they mean the
same as the sentences in Exercise 4. Use (not) as ...
1 I didn't use to like classical music when I was a as and the verbs and adverbs in brackets .
teenager, but now I love it.
2 We used to visit Los Angeles often before we 1 John .................................................................................................................
Jack.
had children . (run quickly)
3 Their music used to sound very different before 2 Ruth .................................................................................................................
her brothers.
the new guitarist joined the band. (work hard)
4 When I was younger, I used to believe in UFOs, 3 Your motorbike _
but I don't any more. mine. (run quietly)
5 Sean used to play basketball every day when 4 The other flights ..................................................................................................................
the
he was a teenager. Fastair flight. (arrive late)
6 My family used to go to the same holiday 5 Katy ................................................................................................................
Sarah.
resort every year when I was a child. (work quickly)
6 Martin .................................................................................................................
Mike.
3 Complete the conversation with the used to, would (exercise often)
or the past simple form of the verbs in brackets. 7 The other students . .
Julie in the exam. (do well)
A: You've been to Hamburg, haven't you?
B: Yes, I 1 ... . .......................(go) there often for 6 Match the statements (1-6) with the replies (a-f).
work when I was living in Germany. Are you
going to visit? 1 I could only find this birthday cake. Is it too
A: Yeah, next month. Any recommendations? big?
B: Well, I 2 ...................................................................................... (leave) Germany 2 I want to get fit, but jogging is so hard!
in 2012. Things might be different now. But, 3 There's so much traffic on the roads these days.
I remember we 3 ...................................................................................... (eat) in a 4 What time shall we go for lunch?
great Italian restaurant. It was by the river. 5 The price of flats is so high here at the moment.
I can't remember the name, but they 6 Why are you doing another course?
4
_ ................ (make) fantastic pizza. a I know - more and more people are driving .
A: OK, I'll look for it. Anything else? b It's fine - the bigger, the better!
B: Well, I remember I once 5 ... c The earlier the better - I'm already feeling
(visit) the modern art gallery with my hungry!
company. It was excellent. I think they always d Yes, it's getting harder and harder to buy
(take) visitors there.
6 ..................................................................................... somewhere to live.
A: OK, thanks. Any other advice? e The more qualifications you have, the easier it
B: Yes - walk everywhere! The city centre is quite is to get a job.
small. I never 7 ...................................................................................... (use) public f The more you run, the easier it'll get.
transport when I was there.
169
far, but I'm hoping 4 .........................................................(go) camping 6 Complete the conversation with the present perfect
somewhere near here. simple or present perfect continuous of the verbs in
A: At least you won't have to get on a plane. brackets . Sometimes both forms are possible.
I can't stand 5 .........................................................(fly)! A: You look tired. What 1 ...
B: Really? Well, when you're on the plane, just (you I do)?
avoid 6 ......................................................... (think) about where you B: I 2 .... .... (search) on the internet
are. Just relax and imagine 7 .... .................... (sit) for hours for a holiday destination. And I still
on a beach . 3 .................................. .... (not find) anywhere!
................................................
A: I'll try. Well, anyway, I'm going to enjoy A: What about the usual place you go?
8 ... (not work) for a few weeks! B: Oh, I 4 .....................................................................................
(go) to that resort for
the last five years. I'm bored with it!
3 Complete the text with the correct form of these A: Well, why don't you go on a cycling holiday?
verbs.
B: A cycling holiday?! I'm not sure ...
_ ............ (you I go) on one before?
5
................
drive eat get take use visit walk
A: Yes. I went an organized tour around Rajasthan
If you're keen on 1 ....................................................a break from last year. It was the most amazing holiday
modern life, then La Posada del Inca Eco-Lodge I 6 .... ....................ever ...................................................
(have)!
may be the place for you. It's on one of the most B: Really? It sounds very tiring!
beautiful islands on Lake Titicaca, in Bolivia. A: It was fun! And I made new friends . We
here is impossible because it is a .. (stay) in touch since our
8
car-free island. This means it's great 3 ... holiday . I ...................................................................................... (already book)
if you enjoy 4 ... . ........................................ , especially as the my next cycling holiday with the same company.
views are spectacular. It is possible 5 ... B: How long 9 ...................................................................................... (it I do) these
all your meals in the hotel; the food is simple but tours?
delicious. The rooms don't have fridges, TVs or A: Oh, for a long time. They're very good. You
wi-fi, but they do have hot water and heating. It should come with me! You'd love it!
is difficult 6 .........................................................an internet connection B: Well, yes, but I 10 ........... ............................................................... ...... (not have)
on the island, but if you really need 7 ... much time to exercise recently.
the internet, then you'll have to climb up to the A: That's OK. I'm going in six months. You can
restaurants near the top of the hill. start cycling tomorrow!
171
3 The hole in the roof still hasn't be repaired! people realized what was happening, 8 .......
4 Your order was been sent to you ten days ago. queue developed. Within thirty minutes, news
5 The show is watched from millions of people of what was happening appeared on 9 ...
all over the world. internet, and even more people arrived. But not
6 Our friends' food being brought to the table long after, 10 ...........................................employee from the bank
when we arrived. came to switch it off.
7 Will the meeting be finished before lunch?
8 I hadn't was told about the party. 5 Complete the second sentences with these
quantifiers so that they mean the same as the first
2 Choose the correct options to complete the text. sentences.
173
175