Pacific

PACIFIC
AIRWAY MANUAL
Issue Date 11 JAN 13
Countries covered in the E-AWM Pacific coverage are:
AUSTRALIA LAOS SOLOMON IS

BRUNEI MALAYSIA TAIWAN
CAMBODIA MYANMAR THAILAND
FIJI IS NAURU TONGA
FRENCH PACIFIC NEW ZEALAND & PAC IS TUVALU
TERRITORIES PAPUA NEW GUINEA US PACIFIC TERRITORIES
INDONESIA PHILIPPINES VANUATU
JAPAN SAMOA VIETNAM
KIRIBATI SINGAPORE
KOREA, REP. OF
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
CHART CHANGE NOTICES

CHART CHANGE DATA
Pacific......................................................................................................................................13
Enroute Charts Pacific............................................................................................................ 25
Australia.................................................................................................................................. 35
NAVDATA CHANGE DATA

Pacific......................................................................................................................................39
South Pacific........................................................................................................................... 40
ENROUTE
ENROUTE DATA - GENERAL
Far East...................................................................................................................................43
South Pacific........................................................................................................................... 46
ENROUTE DATA - PACIFIC

Flight Planning Procedures (Far East).................................................................................... 50
Standard Procedures for ADIZ Flights – Pacific......................................................................54
Pacific Preferred Routes......................................................................................................... 60
Pacific Flight Plan/Preferred Routes (NOPAC)....................................................................... 95
Pacific Flight Plan/Preferred Routes (PACOTS)................................................................... 100
Secondary Surveillance Radar-SSR..................................................................................... 106
HF–Communications.............................................................................................................120
Australian Organized Track Structure (AUSOTS).................................................................122
Observation Balloons............................................................................................................ 133
Procedures for Australia ADIZ Flights...................................................................................141
Purnululu National Park (BUNGLE BUNGLE) Scenic Flights............................................... 143
Australia................................................................................................................................ 146
Australia Estimated VHF Coverage...................................................................................... 189
ENROUTE DATA - CHINA

Flight Level Transition Procedures........................................................................................191
TABLE OF CONTENTS 5
RADIO AIDS
RADIO DATA - PACIFIC
Navigation Aids — Brunei..................................................................................................... 213
Navigation Aids — Fiji Is....................................................................................................... 214
Navigation Aids — French Pacific Overseas Territories....................................................... 215
Navigation Aids — Indonesia................................................................................................ 217
Navigation Aids — Japan......................................................................................................224
Navigation Aids — Kiribati.....................................................................................................233
Navigation Aids — Nauru......................................................................................................234
Navigation Aids — New Zealand & Pac Territories...............................................................235
Navigation Aids — Papua New Guinea................................................................................ 239
Navigation Aids — Philippines.............................................................................................. 241
Navigation Aids — Samoa.................................................................................................... 244
Navigation Aids — Solomon Is..............................................................................................245
Navigation Aids — Tonga..................................................................................................... 246
Navigation Aids — Tuvalu.....................................................................................................247
Navigation Aids — US Pacific Territories..............................................................................248
Navigation Aids — Vanuatu.................................................................................................. 250
Navigation Aids Listed By Identifier — Pacific Basin............................................................ 251
Pacific VOR Receiver Check Signals....................................................................................284
RADIO DATA - AUSTRALIA

Radio Navigation Service......................................................................................................286
Air Navigation Systems......................................................................................................... 290
Direction Finding Procedures................................................................................................300
Australia – Broadcast Stations.............................................................................................. 303
Navaid Limitations – Australia...............................................................................................314
Navigation Aids — Australia..................................................................................................335
Navigation Aids Listed By Identifier — Australia................................................................... 351
RADIO DATA - AUSTRALASIA

Navigation Aids Listed By Identifier — Australasia............................................................... 359
RADIO DATA - FAR EAST

Navigation Aids — Cambodia............................................................................................... 376
Navigation Aids — Korea...................................................................................................... 377
Navigation Aids — Laos........................................................................................................380
Navigation Aids — Malaysia................................................................................................. 381
Navigation Aids — Myanmar.................................................................................................384
Navigation Aids — Singapore............................................................................................... 386
Navigation Aids — Taiwan.................................................................................................... 387
Navigation Aids — Thailand..................................................................................................390
TABLE OF CONTENTS 6
Navigation Aids — Vietnam.................................................................................................. 395

Navigation Aids Listed By Identifier — Far East................................................................... 398
METEOROLOGY
METEOROLOGY DATA - PACIFIC
Availability of VOLMET Broadcasts – Pacific Basin..............................................................423
Locations of MET Broadcast Stations................................................................................... 432
Australasia............................................................................................................................ 433
Definitions and Abbreviations................................................................................................436
Meteorology Services............................................................................................................445
Aviation Forecasts.................................................................................................................449
Meteorology Reports and Advisories.................................................................................... 485
Automated Briefing Systems.................................................................................................506
VOLMET Broadcasts in Plain Language -- Hawaii............................................................... 563
Availability of VOLMET Broadcasts -- Hawaii....................................................................... 564
METEOROLOGY DATA - FAR EAST

Far East.................................................................................................................................566
Japan.................................................................................................................................... 572
TABLES AND CODES

TABLES AND CODES - AUSTRALIA
General................................................................................................................................. 583
Australia................................................................................................................................ 585
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - AUSTRALIA
Definitions and Abbreviations................................................................................................596
Air Traffic Rules and Services...............................................................................................625
Airspace Organization...........................................................................................................658
Airports and Ground Aids......................................................................................................669
General Flight Procedures.................................................................................................... 710
Flight Planning...................................................................................................................... 739
Departure, Approach and Landing Procedures.....................................................................775
Climb and Cruise...................................................................................................................820
Communications................................................................................................................... 843
ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICES AND PROCEDURES.....................................................949
TABLE OF CONTENTS 7
Special Operations and Requirements................................................................................. 956

Contingency Procedures.......................................................................................................983
Air Traffic Incidents............................................................................................................... 990
Australia — Rules and Procedures....................................................................................... 999
STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

North Pacific (NOPAC) Route Procedures..........................................................................1027
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Pacific Region......................................... 1035
Brunei - Rules And Procedures...........................................................................................1051
Fiji Islands - Rules And Procedures.................................................................................... 1054
French Pacific OS Terr - Rules And Procedures................................................................ 1057
Kiribati - Rules And Procedures.......................................................................................... 1062
Malaysia - Rules And Procedures.......................................................................................1064
Nauru - Rules And Procedures........................................................................................... 1072
New Zealand And Pac Is — Rules And Procedures........................................................... 1074
Papua New Guinea - Rules And Procedures......................................................................1084
Philippines - Rules And Procedures....................................................................................1092
Samoa - Rules And Procedures..........................................................................................1096
Solomon Is - Rules And Procedures................................................................................... 1098
Tonga - Rules And Procedures...........................................................................................1102
Tuvalu - Rules And Procedures.......................................................................................... 1104
Vanuatu - Rules And Procedures........................................................................................1106
US Pac Territories - Rules And Procedures........................................................................1109
STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - FAR EAST

Cambodia - Rules And Procedures.....................................................................................1118
Indonesia - Rules And Procedures..................................................................................... 1120
Japan — Rules and Procedures......................................................................................... 1124
Korea, Republic of – Rules and Procedures....................................................................... 1136
Laos - Rules And Procedures............................................................................................. 1140
Myanmar - Rules And Procedures...................................................................................... 1142
Singapore - Rules And Procedures.....................................................................................1146
Taiwan - Rules And Procedures......................................................................................... 1150
Thailand - Rules And Procedures....................................................................................... 1154
Vietnam - Rules And Procedures........................................................................................1157
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS DATA - AUSTRALIA
National Regulations And Requirements............................................................................ 1162
Entry, Transit And Departure Of Aircraft............................................................................. 1169
Entry, Transit And Departure Of Passengers And Crew.....................................................1185
TABLE OF CONTENTS 8
Entry, Transit And Departure Of Cargo...............................................................................1224

Aerodromes And Air Navigation Services Charges............................................................ 1226
Australia - National Regulations And Requirements........................................................... 1234

Brunei - National Regulations And Requirements...............................................................1255
Cook Islands - National Regulations And Requirements.................................................... 1261
Fiji Islands - National Regulations And Requirements........................................................ 1266
French Pacific OS Terr - National Regulations And Requirements.................................... 1270
Indonesia - National Regulations And Requirements......................................................... 1275
Kiribati - National Regulations And Requirements.............................................................. 1280
Malaysia - National Regulations And Requirements...........................................................1284
Nauru I - National Regulations And Requirements............................................................. 1293
New Zealand - National Regulations And Requirements....................................................1295
Niue I - National Regulations And Requirements................................................................1301
Papua New Guinea - National Regulations And Requirements..........................................1305
Philippines - National Regulations And Requirements........................................................1312
Samoa - National Regulations And Requirements..............................................................1321
Solomon Islands - National Regulations And Requirements.............................................. 1325
Tonga — National Regulations And Requirements............................................................ 1332
Tuvalu - National Regulations And Requirements.............................................................. 1336
US Pacific Territories - National Regulations And Requirements....................................... 1340
Vanuatu - National Regulations And Requirements............................................................1341

Cambodia - National Regulations And Requirements.........................................................1347
Japan - National Regulations And Requirements............................................................... 1351
Korea, Republic Of – National Regulations And Requirements..........................................1355
Laos - National Regulations And Requirements................................................................. 1361
Myanmar - National Regulations And Requirements.......................................................... 1367
Singapore - National Regulations And Requirements.........................................................1373
Taiwan - National Regulations And Requirements............................................................. 1382
Thailand - National Regulations And Requirements........................................................... 1387
Vietnam — National Regulations And Requirements......................................................... 1394
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - AUSTRALIA
Definitions And Abbreviations............................................................................................. 1402
Emergency Procedures.......................................................................................................1404
Interception......................................................................................................................... 1412
Rescue And Fire Fighting Services.....................................................................................1418
TABLE OF CONTENTS 9
Search And Rescue............................................................................................................ 1420

Survival............................................................................................................................... 1438
Australia - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................................ 1448
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

Search and Rescue Facilities..............................................................................................1453

Fiji Is - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures...................................................... 1456
Kiribati - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................................... 1457
Malaysia - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................................ 1460
Nauru - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures.....................................................1465
New Zealand And Pac Is - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures.......................1468
Papua New Guinea - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures............................... 1472
Samoa - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................................... 1473
Tonga - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures.................................................... 1474
Tuvalu - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures....................................................1475
US Pac Territories - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................. 1480
Vanuatu - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures................................................. 1482

Japan - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures.....................................................1484
Korea, Republic Of - ICAO Differences Of State Special Procedures................................ 1491
Singapore - ICAO Differences or State Special Procedures...............................................1492
Taiwan - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures...................................................1497
Thailand - ICAO Differences Or State Special Procedures.................................................1500
AIRPORT DIRECTORY
AIRPORT DECODE LISTINGS - PACIFIC
IATA Location Identifiers Decode — Pacific....................................................................... 1503
ICAO Location Identifiers Decode — Pacific.......................................................................1519
AIRPORT DATA - AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIA, EAST AND CENTRAL, WEST AND CENTRAL............................................1539
LEGEND............................................................................................................................. 1542
PAVEMENT STRENGTH LIMITATIONS............................................................................ 1553
Airport Directory — Australia...............................................................................................1557
Airport Directory — East and Central Australia...................................................................1625
Airport Directory — West and Central Australia..................................................................1678
TABLE OF CONTENTS 10
AIRPORT DATA - PACIFIC

Airport Directory — Brunei.................................................................................................. 1703
Airport Directory — Fiji........................................................................................................ 1704
Airport Directory — French Pac Overseas Terr.................................................................. 1705
Airport Directory — Indonesia............................................................................................. 1710
Airport Directory — Japan...................................................................................................1721
Airport Directory — Kiribati..................................................................................................1736
Airport Directory — Nauru...................................................................................................1737
Airport Directory — New Zealand and Territories............................................................... 1738
Airport Directory — Papua New Guinea............................................................................. 1758
Airport Directory — Philippines........................................................................................... 1764
Airport Directory — Samoa................................................................................................. 1774
Airport Directory — Solomon Is...........................................................................................1775
Airport Directory — Tonga.................................................................................................. 1776
Airport Directory — Tuvalu..................................................................................................1778
Airport Directory — US Pacific Territories...........................................................................1779
Airport Directory — Vanuatu............................................................................................... 1784
AIRPORT DATA - FAR EAST

Airport Directory — Cambodia............................................................................................ 1786
Airport Directory — Korea................................................................................................... 1787
Airport Directory — Laos.....................................................................................................1794
Airport Directory — Malaysia.............................................................................................. 1796
Airport Directory — Myanmar..............................................................................................1803
Airport Directory — Singapore............................................................................................ 1808
Airport Directory — Taiwan................................................................................................. 1810
Airport Directory — Thailand...............................................................................................1814
Airport Directory — Vietnam............................................................................................... 1822
TERMINAL
TERMINAL PROCEDURES - PACIFIC
Definitions And Abbreviations............................................................................................. 1827
Holding Procedures.............................................................................................................1833
Standard Instrument Departures.........................................................................................1838
DME/GPS Arrival Procedures............................................................................................. 1841
Standard Arrival Routes (STARS).......................................................................................1843
Noise Abatement Procedures............................................................................................. 1846
Instrument Approach/Takeoff Procedures.......................................................................... 1848
Chart Change Notices
Chart Change Data

CHART CHANGE DATA 13
PACIFIC
Jeppesen CHART CHANGE NOTICES highlight only significant changes affecting Jeppesen
Charts, also regularly updated at www.jeppesen.com.
IMPORTANT: CHECK FOR NOTAMS AND OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION PRIOR TO
FLIGHT.
ENROUTE CHARTS 325A, 325B, 332, 352, 362A, 363, 364, 374,
379A, 380, 408, 415, 418, 424, 425, 426,
GENERAL 473, 520, 521, 524, 525, 533, 536A, 536B,
555A, 555C, 564A, 608, 633A, 633B, 634A,
AUSTRALIA 640A, 640B, 709, 725, 766.
All GAAP airspace has changed to Class D.
JAPAN
Commencing with the 3 JUN 10 effective date
the CTAF (R) concept for Australia will be Chart Scale tic marks should read 1 inch = 15
retired and replaced by CTAF. This is expec- NM. RJAA 10-1.
ted to be phased in over the next few JAPAN 10-1B. Jeppesen continually strives to
months. Jeppesen will process CTAF improve the usability and readability of our
changes on an as revise basis along with charting products. In doing so we would like
more flight critical revision activity. to announce a change to our 10-1B charts
Conditional Restricted Area Categories desig within Japan. As these charts are revised
for all restricted areas in Australia. they will only depict the route structure which
RA1: Pilots can plan through or expect to get is provided by source documentation. They
a clearance through these areas when active. will no longer provide the complete route
structure as seen on our 10-1 Area charts
RA2: Pilots cannot plan through or expect a
and Enroute charts.
clearance through this airspace when active,
but a clearance may be provided on an Temporary Training Areas for Japan Self
opportunity basis. Defense Force time of operation revised. For
detail refer to CCN P-316.
RA3: Pilots cannot plan through and will not
get a clearance through this airspace when it PHILIPPINES
is active.
Within Manila FIR all TMA's are class D.
All restricted areas are category RA2 except
for the following.
RA1: 249, 253, 255, 259, 265A, 265B, 265C, ATS ROUTES changed:
265D, 358A, 358B, 358C, 358D, 358E, 420A,
L3 CUBIT - BYWAY 78NM. FE H/L-3/5B.
420B, 420C, 420D, 420E, 420F, 468, 493,
578A, 578B, 578C, 578D, 578E, 620A, 620B, Nadi, Fiji (NN) VOR and Nausori, Fiji (NA) VOR
620C, 620D, 620E, 643A, 643B, 643C, 649, OTS. All VOR airways in the Fiji Islands have
655. been revoked. AS H/L-5/7A-8D, NFFN 10-1,
NFFN 10-1A.
RA3: 122, 123, 124, 131A, 131B, 131C,
131D, 131E, 131F, 131G, 135, 140A, 140B, ALASKA
178, 184, 235, 251A, 251B, 252, 254, 272,
275, 276, 286, 289A, 289B, 295A, 295B, BULKY withdrawn P HI-1/8D, NP HI-2/7.
295C, 295D, 295E, 295F, 295G, 298, 321,
PACIFIC
AUSTRALIA BORDERTOWN NDB (BOR) decmsnd. AU

ATS ROUTES changed: LO-2/4D, AU LO-7/6A, AU HI-10/1A.
A585 established Ceduna NDB (CDU) - BEZZA DANGER AREA YB(D)-709 changed to
CRP 301°/123°, 124NM, MOCA 2400/2600; RESTRICTED AREA YB(R)-709 (E of Rock-
BEZZA - PINAV CRP 303°/126°, 188NM, hampton {RK}). AU LO-4/4B.
MOCA 3000; PINAV - LANOP NCRP 306°/ GEKKO RNAV CRP established at S21 12.2
127°, 146NM, MOCA 3400. LO-4/1ABCD. E131 50.4. AU LO-3/6D.
B602 changed to RVSM standard ATPEN CRP GIBB RIVER NDB (GIB) decmsnd and replaced
- TEBUR CRP. NWWW. by MAMUT CRP. All airways realigned to
H20 SUNOB NCRP established (S40 02.9 MAMUT. AS HL-4/2C, AU LO-1/8B-9A, AU
E148 47.7). Mallacoota VOR (MCO) - LO-3/6AC, AU HI-9/6B.
SUNOB - Saint Helens NDB (STH) GILES NDB (GLS) decmsnd. AU LO-1/8C, AU
153/81NM. AU LO 7/9C, AU LO 8/3A. LO-4/1A.
H65 Wollongong NDB (WOL) - RAZZI MOCA GOKUP RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.4
4300'. YSCB. E118 33.1. AU LO-1/7A.
W426 Adelaide VOR (AD) - GULLY MOCA KADRI RNAV CRP established at S22 00.0
3500'/3800', GULLY - Stonefield NDB (SFL) E133 22.8. AU LO-3/7C.
MOCA 3800'/3500'. YPAD 10-1. MANSFIELD NDB (MFD) decmsnd. AU
W499 Moorabbin NDB (MB) - YMPC (S37 55.9 LO-6/1B, AU LO-7/8C, AU LO-8/2C.
E144 45.2) 268°/088°, 16 NM, MOCA 1800' - NOGAS RNAV NCRP established at S25 32.6
TEMPL 274°/094°, 13 NM, MOCA 2900'/ E118 26.1. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A.
2400'. AU LO-8/2C. OLRUN RNAV NCRP established at S23 24.8
Y45 established one-way S-bnd VENGA NCRP E119 00.3. AU LO-1/7A.
(S21 22.8 E115 13.0) - PANBA NCRP (S21 PANBI RNAV NCRP established at S23 29.2
58.4 E115 15.3) 176°, 36 NM; PANBA - E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A.
TATUL CRP (S24 00.0 E115 23.2) 121 NM; PATSI RNAV CRP established at S23 00.0
TATUL - TINDA CRP (S27 57.3 E115 39.5) E133 39.4. AU LO-4/1B.
237 NM.
POINT COOK NDB (PCK) decmsnd. YMML,
YPPH/10-1A.
LO-6/1A, LO-7/7D, LO-8/2C.
Y82 redesignated Y69 KARAB - Alice Springs
RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330A established.
VOR (AS). YBAS. An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM S-N
ALDEL RNAV NCRP established at S25 28.7 by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes
E118 09.5. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A. Gnd - 2500' MSL.
ATPAR RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.7 AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C.
E118 41.6. AU LO-1/7A. RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330B established.
Avalon CTA Class E times of operation chgd to An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM N-S
24 hrs. YMML. by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes
Avalon CTA Class E within 8 NM of the Avalon Gnd - 4500' MSL.
apt vertical limits 700' AGL - 1500' MSL. AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C.
Within 12 NM of the Avalon apt vertical limits RIPMA RNAV NCRP established at S25 37.0
1500' - 4500' MSL. YMML, LO-7/7D. E118 43.9. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A.
PACIFIC
SARIG RNAV NCRP established at S23 11.5 E12043.0 - N2837.5 E12126.8 - N2800.0
E118 33.6. AU LO-1/7A. E12150.0 - N2629.1 E12126.9 - N2725.0
SYDNEY CTA Class C N of Sydney VOR from E11937.0 - N2854.0 E12001.5, GND-19700'.
45 NM - 55 NM lower limit chgd from FL125 FE HL-9/1B.
to 8500'. YWLM.
FIJI IS
TAPIT RNAV NCRP established at S22 42.6
E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A. ATS ROUTES changed:
TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Alpha A579 UBLIN - VIRAR 042°/220°. AS(H/L)-6/2A.
desig as follows: A circle with a 1 NM radius Nadi CTA renamed Nadi CTA 1. NFFN 10-1.
centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes:
GND - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/ FRENCH PACIFIC OVERSEAS TERR.
L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C. ATS ROUTES changed:
TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Bravo T1 established one-way E-bnd VAITE - NIVAL
desig as follows: A circle with a 2 NM radius CRP (S16 39.0 W150 48.5) 286°, 55NM,
centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes: MEA 3500; NIVAL - NOBUG CRP (S16 34.4
5500' - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/ W151 00.4) 279°, 12NM; NOBUG - NOMIS
L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C. CRP (S16 14.6 W151 52.3) 279° 54NM.
TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Charlie NTAA.
desig as follows: A circle with a 7 NM radius T2 established one-way W-bnd Maupiti NDB
centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes: (MA) - SEBRO CRP (S16 41.0 W151 51.9)
FL125 - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/ 113°, 27NM, MEA 3500; SEBRO - SARMI
L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C. CRP (S16 50.5 W151 37.9) 113°, 16NM;
TODIK RNAV NCRP established at S27 53.8 SARMI - SALAN CRP (S16 59.4 W151 24.7)
E117 41.6. AU LO-1/6B, AU LO-2/1A, 112°, 15NM; SALAN - IDUTA 112° 66NM.
YPPH/10-1A. NTAA.
TORRES STRAIT BROADCAST AREA RESTRICTED AREA NT(R)-10 vertical limits
revised. A circle with a 40NM radius centered chgd to 2000'-5000' MSL. NTAA.
on Horn I NDB (HID). Altitudes GND - 8500.
AS H/L-4/4A, AYPY, AU LO-3/8B. INDONESIA
W843 MILEM NCRP established (S13 29.6 ATS ROUTES changed:
E128 02.1). Truscott NDB (TST) - MILEM - A576S Semarang (ANY) VOR - RAFIS CRP
PERKS 103/10 NM. (S02 53.6 E109 08.2) 342°/162°, 255 NM
YPDN. MEA 12500'. WIII 10-1A.
W41 and W54 Makassar (MKS) VOR - MILAT
CAMBODIA
MEA 7000' . AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A.
ATS ROUTES changed: W53 Makassar (MKA) VOR - NABAT MEA
R213 redesignated M510 Phnom Penh VOR 7000'. AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A.
(PNH) - Can Tho VOR (TRN). FE H/L-3/2AC. BANDAR LAMPUNG CTR established. An
irregular shape approx 140 NM N-S by 80NM
CHINA, PR OF E-W of Rodin Inten II apt. Altitudes 4000'
WENZHOU APPROACH CONTROL AREA MSL-12000' MSL. Class 'C'. Time of opera-
estbld: N2854.0 E12001.5 - N2852.0 tion 2300-1100 UTC Sun-Fri. WIII/10-1.
PACIFIC
BLIMBINGSARI NDB (BS) comsnd. WADD. Miho VOR (JEC) - DOZEN 024°/204° 31NM,
JAYAPURA NDB (ZN) decmsnd. AS H/L-2/1B, MEA 4000.
FE H/L-13/4A. FE H/L-5/3A.
PROHIBITED AREA WA(P)-7 upper limit chgd UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE established
to FL300 (N of Surabaya VOR (SBR)). Miyakojima VOR (MYC) - Albax 183°/003°,
WADD. 73NM MEA FL210. ROAH 10-1.
W35 Makassar VOR (MKS) - NETTO MEA UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE established
11000'. Okayama VOR (OKC) - HAKBI - SAEKI -
AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A. KIJYY - Tottori VOR (TRE) 015°/195°, 4
NM/12 NM/13 NM/23 NM, MEA 13000'.
JAPAN RJOO 10-1.
ATS ROUTES changed: UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE LEXUS NRCP
(N27 00.2 E128 19.5) ROAH 10-1.
A337 NOGAK - DAGDA CRP (N33 49.0 E142
20.9) 354°/175°, 232NM. NP HI-2/3-4. UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE OHARA NCRP
established (N34 45.2 E134 04.7). Kibi VOR
B462 Miyakojima VOR (MYC) - KAZIK MEA
(OYE) - OHARA - OLIVE 12/18 NM. RJOO
10000. ROAH 10-1.
10-1.
B462 withdrawn Miyakojima NDB (MY) - Oki-
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE revoked Kikai
nawa NDB (OK). ROAH 10-1.
(KI) NDB - Emily. (KI) NDB - Kasari (AME)
V29 withdrawn Toyota VOR (TTE) - Okayama VOR. ROAH 10-1A.
VOR (OKC). RJOO 10-1.
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE revoked
W18 withdrawn Nagoya NDB (KC) - Daigo Nagoya NDB (KC) - Sigak. RJGG 10-1.
VOR (GOC). RJGG 10-1.
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE withdrawn
Y18 RAKDA NCRP established (N35 31.2 Kagawa VOR (KTE) - BERTH - EDDIE.
E133 38.4). Miyazu (YME) VOR - RAKDA - RJOO 10-1.
Miho VOR (JEC) 73/27 NM. RJOO 10-1.
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTES EISAR NCRP
Y20 PASLI - STOUT 33NM, MEA 12000 (N26 29.0 E127 30.3) ROAH 10-1.
6000T. RJFF.
KIKAI (KI) NDB decmsnd. ROAH 10-1A.
Y122 should read one-way southbound
BUDOH - INAHO - Niigata VOR (GTC). FE Naganuma NDB (NA) decmsnd. RJCC.
H/L-6/8A. NAGOYA NDB (KC) decmsnd. RJGG 10-1.
Y284 KATTA NCRP established (N34 00.2 NARITA Positive Control Area Class 'C' Air-
E131 41.2). Kuga VOR (IWC) - KATTA - Ube space established. An irregular shaped-area
VOR (UBE) 23/21 NM. RJFF, FE H/L-5/2D, aprox 12 NM N-W by 5 NM N-E centered on
FE H/L-8/4D. Narita VOR (NRE). Altitude 2000'-6000' and
3000'-6000'. Time of operationH24. RJAA
ATS ROUTES (undesignated) changed:
10-1, RJAA 10-1A.
THE FOLLOWING TEMPORARY ATS Oki VOR/DME (OIE) temporarily OTS from
ROUTES established from 1500UTC 14 NOV 1500UTC 14 NOV 2012 to 1500UTC 6 MAR
2012 to 1500UTC 6 MAR 2013 [During the 2013 and replaced by Dougo VOR/DME.
unserviceability of Oki VOR (OIE)]: Freq 109.6; ident "DGE", mag var 8°W.
Dougo VOR (DGE) - DOZEN 203°/023° FE H/L-5/3A, FE H/L-7/7A, FE H/L-8/5C.
10NM, MEA 4000.
PACIFIC
RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-144 times of ops NM of Gunsan VOR. Altitudes GND - FL300.
chgd to: FE H/L-12/8A.
1. Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours between TEMPORARY TESTING AREAS NR1 and NR2
0000UTC and 0730UTC daily VMC ONLY, desig thru 0930UTC 31 Mar 13 as follows:
(Except in JUN and JUL) and Except on SUN NR-1: An irregular area approx 60nm N-S by
and specified days. 2012: 11 FEB, 20 MAR, approx 60nm E-W beginning approx 30nm
30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16 JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SW of Miyakejima (MJE) VOR.
SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23 NOV AND 24 DEC. NR-2: An irregular area approx 100nm N-S
2013:1 JAN, 1 JAN, 14 FEB AND 20 MAR). by approx 100nm E-W beginning approx
2. JUN and JUL 2012, During hours between 80nm SW of Miyakejima (MJE) VOR.
0300UTC and 0730UTC daily. VMC ONLY Altitudes: By NOTAM. Times of operation: By
Except on SUN and specified day. (2012: 16 NOTAM. FE H/L-5/5ABCD, FE H/L-6/6D,
JUL). FEH/L-13/1B-2AC.
RJOO 10-1A, FE H/L-5/4BD, FE H/L-6/6BD,
FE H/L-7/6C. KOREA
RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-532 times of ops ATS ROUTES changed:
chgd to Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours W45 established Gwangju VOR (KWJ) -
between 2200UTC - 0900UTC daily, Except VENUS NCRP (N35 07.5 E127 34.9) -
for 2200UTC on SAT - 0900UTC on SUN, AMICK NCRP (N35 07.5 E128 29.9) - Busan
and 2200UTC on the day before specified VOR (PSN), 096°/278°, 38 Nm/45 NM/25
days - 0900UTC on specified days. 2012: 11
NM, MEA 8000'. FEH/L-5/1AB.
FEB, 20 MAR, 30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16
JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23 KOREA, DPR OF
NOV AND 24 DEC. 2013:1 JAN, 14 JAN, 11
FEB AND 20 MAR. VMC ONLY. P HI-1/7C, ATS ROUTES changed:
FE H/L-6/6BD, NP HI-2/4, FE H/L-7/7D, FE B332, TOMUK (N3842.9 E12400.0) to SOKGE,
H/L-13/1B. MEA 7000'; SOKGE to WASAN, MEA
RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-533 times of ops 11000'; WASAN to KANSU, MEA 19000'. FE
chgd to Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours HL-13/1CD.
between 2200UTC - 1000UTC daily, Except B467, NULAR (N4059.2 E13411.0) to KANSU,
for 2200UTC on SAT - 1000UTC on SUN, MEA 19000'. EA HL-12/1C, FE HL-13/1ACD.
and 2200UTC on the day before specified G346, NULAR (N4059.2 E13411.0) to KICHA,
days - 1000UTC on specified days. 2012: 11 MEA 17000'. EA HL-12/1C.
FEB, 20 MAR, 30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16
JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23 MALAYSIA
NOV AND 24 DEC. 2013:1 JAN, 14 JAN, 11 ATS ROUTES changed:
FEB AND 20 MAR.VMC ONLY. A341 TOMUD - AKMAR NCRP (N05 54.2 E117
RJFF 10-1, ROAH 10-1A, FE H/L-5/3C, FE 26.4) 23 NM MEA 8000'; AKMAR - Sandakan
H/L-8/4D, FE H/L-13/2C. VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 5000'. AS H/
RESTRICTED AREA RK(R)-97E established. L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A.
An irregular-shaped area approx 2 NM E-W W461 ARAVI - ANKOB NCRP (N05 42.7 E117
by approx 6 NM N-S beginning approx 16 28.1) 22 NM MEA 8000'; ANKOB - Sandakan
PACIFIC
VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 5000'. AS H/ 3A: (2100'-19,700' MSL) 3B: (GND-2100'

L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A. MSL). NWWW.
W463 KABDU - BELDA NCRP (N06 09.3 E117
29.5) 62 NM MEA 9000'; BELDA - Sandakan NEW ZEALAND
VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 6000'. AS H/ ATS ROUTES changed:
L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A. H126 withdrawn, Nelson VOR (NS) - OPABI.
W545 established IPOH VOR (VIH) - SUKAT NZWN.
184°/004°, 59NM MEA 6500. AS H/L-3/5B, H211 GOSTI, KARBA NCRP changed to CRP.
WMKK, FE H/L-3/1C. Eff 07 Feb 13. AS H/L-7/6B7A, NZAA/10-1A.
Kuching NDB, Malaysia decmsnd. AS HL-3/6B, H277 redesig Y127 one-way N-Bnd Wellington
FE HL-2/8B, FE HL-4/7B, FE HL-11/2C. VOR (WN) - ENBUG, Non-GNSS MFA
10000. NZWN.
MICRONESIA
Q531 established TOMID - MADIP 250°/070°,
ATS ROUTES changed: 22 NM, MOCA 7800'. AS H/L-8/1D-2C.
A222 AXTEN NCRP established (N06 49.3 Y311 ballflag L revoked ZUKKY - DADUK.
E158 40.7) Ponhpei, Micronesia NDB (PNI) AS(H/L)-7/6D-7C.
R-102/30 DME. Mileages: Y655 ballflag L revoked LEBOX - POKOM.
'PNI' NDB - AXTEN 30 NM AS(H/L)-7/6D-7C.
AXTEN - 'UKS' NDB 270 NM. P H/L-2/2C. Y898 established one-way SW-bnd ELRUV -
R584 BIRUQ (N07 01.4 E157 42.1) and MADIP 197°, 19 NM, MOCA 8900'. AS H/
HAVNU (N07 04.5 E158 41.7) NCRPs estab- L-8/1D-2C.
lished. Pohnpei, Micronesia NDB (PNI) WARDS HOLDING changed. Hold SW 013°
R-268/30 DME and R-072/30 DME. Mile- inbound LEFT turns. NZWN.
ages:
'TKK' NDB - BIRUQ 350 NM PAPUA NEW GUINEA
BIRUQ - 'PNI' NDB 30 NM ATS ROUTES changed:
'PNI' NDB - HAVNU 30 NM V21 established Port Moresby VOR (PY) -
HAVNU - LOOIS 367 NM. P H/L-2/1D,2C. Nadzab VOR (NZ) 343°/164°, 175NM;
Nadzab VOR (NZ) - Goroka NDB (GA) 284°/
NEW CALEDONIA 104°, 84NM. AYPY.
DANGER AREAS NW(D)-1A, 1B and 1C with- KAVIENG VOR (KAV) decmsnd. AS H/L-2/3A,
drawn (NE of Magenta, New Caledonia). FE H/L-13/4A.
NWWW. KAVIENG VOR/DME (KVG) 117.1 at S02 35.1
RESTRICTED AREA NW(R)-2 established. A E150 48.8 comsnd. AS H/L-2/3A, FE H/
circle with a .5 NM radius centered on S22 L-13/4A.
15.7 E166 38.3. Altitudes: GND - 2100 MSL.
NWWW. PHILIPPINES
RESTRICTED AREAS NW(R)-3A and 3B CHART FE(H/L)-3/4 17 AUG 12 REVISION
established. An irregular-shaped area approx EFFECTIVE DATE 23 AUG 12 0000UTC. FE
2 NM S-N by approx 2 NM E-W beginning H/L-3, FE H/L-4.
approx 14 NM NE of Magenta VOR. Altitudes
PACIFIC
RUSSIA G583, KUDER coords chgd to N5349.0

ATS ROUTES changed:
E15845.7; GEFAR to Malka NDB (MK), 243°/
063°. UHPP 10-1.
A800, NCRP BANIG estbld at N6350.9
E15800.0; OSKON - BANIG - Omsukchan R35, NCRP MEBED estbld at N6440.6
NDB (BM), 106/104NM. EA HL-12/3B. W17032.9; LIKOK - MEBED - ADLEN,
31/21NM. EA HL-12/4D5C.
A812, NCRP TOSNO estbld at N5508.2
E15630.8; LUTEG - TOSNO - ODIPA, R213, NCRP IBOLI estbld at N5114.9
25/72NM. UHPP 10-1. E13438.5; OBUTA - IBOLI - OLGIR, 6/17NM.
EA HL-12/1B2A.
B101, NCRP IBOLI estbld at N5114.9
E13438.5; GEMRA - IBOLI - TIRAK, R356, NCRPs estbld: OSPON at N6230.6
77/30NM. EA HL-12/1B2A. E12245.5 and LUNOS at N6300.7 E12128.4;
VEDEK - OSPON, 326°/145°, 36NM;
B148, ROLBI coords should read N6045.2
OSPON - LUNOS - NELUN, 46/42NM. Eff 13
E13008.8. EA HL-11/10D.
Dec 12. EA HL-11/10C.
B241, LETSA coords chgd to N5350.8
W8, BANEP (N7023.7 E06820.5) - ADERA,
E15659.2. UHPP 10-1.
MOCA 3780T; ADERA - TINUS, MOCA with-
B703, LETSA coords chgd to N5350.8 drawn (for Russian users only). Eff 13 Dec
E15659.2 and GANKA coords chgd to 12. EA HL-11/7D8C.
N5329.6 E15745.8. UHPP 10-1.
W50, NCRP ATGUR estbld at N6536.3
B803, NCRPs estbld: ROSUT at N6356.6 W17400.0; Uelkal NDB (NB) - ATGUR - Lav-
E11603.0 and NIGSA at N6235.3 E11752.4; rentiya NDB (LA), 132/75NM (for Russian
LIGMA - ROSUT, 158°/340°, 58NM; ROSUT users only). EA HL-12/4D.
- NIGSA, 95NM; NIGSA - INLUK, 162°/343°,
W75, NCRP BASNU estbld at N6559.9
42NM. EA HL-11/9D10C.
E17830.7; LUNAD - BASNU - NIDAR,
B936, RELPI (N4935.4 E13626.3) - DIBOS, 78/63NM (for Russian users only). EA
MOCA 2300T; RELPI to KILMI, MAA FL350. HL-12/4BCD.
EA HL-12/1B.
W81, NCRP NAMOD estbld at N6554.4
B953, NCRP ROSUT estbld at N6356.6 E17857.0; LUNAD - NAMOD - NEDLI,
E11603.0; RALID - ROSUT, 130°/313°, 77/75NM (for Russian users only). EA
53NM; ROSUT - NIRBA, 133°/316°, 72NM. HL-12/4CD.
EA HL-11/9D10C.
W82, NCRP RARIK estbld at N6320.2
G370, NCRP NIGSA estbld at N6235.3 E17902.3; LUNAD - RARIK - Beringovsky
E11752.4; KULUR - NIGSA, 101°/282°, NDB (BE), 91/19NM (for Russian users only).
30NM; NIGSA - VANAK, 48NM; NCRP EA HL-12/4CD.
OSPON estbld at N6230.6 E12245.5;
W88, NCRP SOLBA estbld at N6544.9
NAROV - OSPON - MAROT, 41/30NM. EA
E17940.8; LUNAD - SOLBA - Zaliv Kresta
HL-11/10C.
NDB (AS), 78/45NM (for Russian users only).
G491, NCRP LUNOS estbld at N6300.7 EA HL-12/4CD.
E12128.4; Vilyuysk NDB (CZ) - LUNOS -
W124, NCRP DIDKA estbld at N6215.9
NAROV, 45/28NM. EA HL-11/10C.
E14716.8; BASAT - DIDKA - SUMAL,
74/41NM (for Russian users only). EA
HL-11/10B11A, EA HL-12/3A.
PACIFIC
W155, LOKIS coords chgd to N6850.7 kovo FIR, Omolon FIR, Pevek FIR and
E05811.0 (for Russian users only). EA Shmidta Mys FIR. EA
HL-11/7D. HL-12/3BD4ABCD5AC.
W200, NCRP SUBOB estbld at N6223.8 MAGADAN FIR lateral limits chgd to include
E14834.2; LUMAG - SUBOB - SUMAL, previous Anadyr FIR, Markovo FIR and
162/27NM (for Russian users only). EA Shmidta Mys FIR. P HI-1/8B9A.
HL-11/10B11A, EA HL-12/3A. MALKA NDB (MK) coords chgd to N5319.6
W286, NCRP SUMEP estbld at N6504.3 E15732.2. UHPP 10-1.
W17159.5; DIMUR - SUMEP - DEGIR, MARKOVO CTA withdrawn. EA
21/22NM; NCRP AMULI estbld at N6456.3 HL-12/3BD4AC.
W17600.0; ADUSA - AMULI - Uelkal NDB MARKOVO FIR withdrawn. P HI-1/8B, EA
(NB), 44/90NM (for Russian users only). EA HL-12/3BD4AC.
HL-12/4D.
NYURBA CTA withdrawn. EA HL-11/9D10C.
W321, NCRP KUGOM estbld at N6139.4
NYURBA FIR withdrawn. EA HL-11/9D10C.
E15103.6; BANOT - KUGOM - Seymchan
NDB (LC), 132/85NM (for Russian users OMOLON CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/3B4A.
only). EA HL-12/3A. OMOLON FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/3B4A.
ANADYR CTA withdrawn. EA PEVEK CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/4AB.
HL-12/4ABCD5C. PEVEK FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/4AB.
ANADYR FIR withdrawn. P HI-1/8B9A, EA SHMIDTA MYS CTA withdrawn. EA
HL-12/4ABCD5C. HL-12/4ABD5AC.
KEPERVEYEM CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/4A. SHMIDTA MYS FIR withdrawn. EA
KEPERVEYEM FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/4A. HL-12/4ABD5AC.
KRASNOYARSK CTA SECTOR 8 (freq 118.9) TURA CTA withdrawn. EA HL-11/9CD.
lateral limits chgd to include previous Tura TURA FIR withdrawn. EA HL-11/9CD.
CTA. EA HL-11/9CD. YAKUTSK CTA SECTOR WEST 1 (freq 132.9)
KRASNOYARSK FIR lateral limits chgd to lateral limits chgd to include previous Nyurba
include previous Tura FIR. EA HL-11/9CD. CTA. EA HL-11/9D10C.
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH 1 (freq YAKUTSK FIR lateral limits chgd to include pre-
133.0) and NORTH 2 (freq 133.7) lateral vious Nyurba FIR. EA HL-11/9D10C.
limits chgd to include previous Anadyr CTA YUZHNO-SAKHALINSK NDB (PI) freq should
and Markovo CTA. EA read 505. EA HL-12/1D2C.
HL-12/3BD4ABCD5C.
YUZHNO-SAKHALINSK NDB (SL) freq should
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH 2 (freq read 505. EA HL-12/1D2C.
133.7) lateral limits chgd to include previous
Keperveyem CTA, Pevek CTA and Shmidta SINGAPORE
Mys CTA. EA HL-12/4ABD5AC.
ATS ROUTES changed:
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH (freq 133.2)
M630 SUKRI - BOBAG NCRP 123°/303°, 37
lateral limits chgd to include previous Omolon
NM MEA 6000'; BOBAG - Tanjung Pinang
CTA. EA HL-12/3B4A.
VOR (TPG) 098°/278°, 61NM. AS H/
MAGADAN FIR lateral limits chgd to include
previous Anadyr FIR, Keperveyem FIR, Mar-
PACIFIC
L-3/5B-6A, WSSS 10-1, WSSS10-1A, FE H/ W32 SUPOJ CRP established (N10 16.7 E100
L-4/6B. 12.3). REGOS - SUPOJ - Samui VOR (SMU)
M758 MUREX renamed MABAL. 105/45NM, MEA FL40.
FE H/L-4/7A. DORNA CRP established (N09 25.0 E099
N892 MUREX renamed MABAL. FE H/L-4/7A. 46.2). 'SMU' - DORNA - Surat VOR (STN)
19/41NM, MEA FL40.
SOLOMON IS TEDOS CRP established (N08 48.6 E099
05.1). 'STN' - TEDOS - Krabi VOR (KBI)
ATS ROUTES changed:
20/42 NM. FE H/L-3/1ABC.
A597 LEDIM - DUMUL MOCA 9100'. AS H/
Y3 established one-way S-bnd MENEX -
L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2AB.
DORNA CRP (N09 25.0 E099 46.2) 180°/
A598 OBLIB - ABVUB MOCA 9100'. 360°, 103NM MEA FL80; DORNA - TEDOS
AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B. CRP (N08 48.6 E099 05.1) 228°/048°, 54NM;
B326 Honiara VOR (HN) - DAGDA MOCA TEDOS - PHUKET VOR (PUT) 228°/048°,
5800'. P H/L-2/2B. 62NM. Available when VT(D)-58 is activated.
B452 KALEG - Honiara (HN) VOR - VAKRO FE H/L-3/1AB.
MOCA 9100'/4800'. Y4 established one-way N-bnd KRABI VOR
AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B. (KBI) - RECNO 047°/227°, 41NM MEA FL80;
B598 TAMOR - SAKPI MOCA 7300'. RECNO - SAMUI VOR (SMU) 031°/211°,
68NM; 'SMU' - MENEX 349°/169°, 97NM,
AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B.
opposite cruise levels. Available when
G342 REDAM - Honiara VOR (HN) MOCA VT(D)-58 is activated. FE H/L-3/1AB.
7200'.
Y5 established one-way N-bnd KIKOT CRP
AS H/L-2/4D. (N08 36.7 E098 23.3) - ANDAX NCRP (N09
R450 TEMAT - REGIT - Honiara VOR (HN) 04.7 E098 35.8), 024°, 31NM, MEA FL70;
MOCA 8400'/7000'/7300'. AS H/L-2/4D, P H/ ANDAX - NOMEX CRP (N09 34.1 E098
L-2/2AB. 48.6) 32NM, MEA FL130; NOMEX - MALIP
CRP (N11 12.7 E099 31.9) 107NM; MALIP -
TAIWAN HOTEL, 117NM. VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1AB.
ATS ROUTES changed: DANGER AREA VT(D)-17 (AREA 2) vertical
G581 KROSA renamed GRADY. RCTP/10-1A, limits chgd to GND-FL150 W of Bangkok
NP HI-2/1, FE H/L-3/5A, FE H/L-9/2A, FE H/ VOR (BKK). VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1B.
L-12/6B, FE H/L-13/2D. DANGER AREA VT(D)-58 established. An
J3-4 YILAN NCRP relocated (N24 44.4 E121 irregular-shaped area approx 100 NM N-E by
47.5). RCTP/10-1. 55 NM S-W centered on Ranong VOR
(RAN). Altitudes: GND - FL390. Time of oper-
THAILAND ation: 0100 - 0900UTC MON-FRI Except
ATS ROUTES changed: PublicHolidays. FE H/L-3/1AB.
A464/M751/W19 BangkokVOR (BKK) - POLAK UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
182°/002°; POLAK - REGOS 180°/360°.
VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1B. JOHNSTONE POINT, Alaska VOR (JOH) (N60
28.9 W146 36.0) Mag Var chgd from 27°E to
PACIFIC
18°E. Add 9° to all airway/formation bearings. decomissioned. RWY 03 add PAPI 3.0°/TCH
P HI-1/10A. 58ft. RWY 21 add PAPI 3.0°/TCH 58ft.
MIDDLETON ISLAND, Alaska VOR (MDO) Avalon, Victoria, 10-9A, 12-2, 13-3 Papi both
(N59 25.3 W146 21.0) Mag Var chgd from sides Rwy 36.
21°E to 18°E. Add 3° to all airway/formation Bangkok, Thailand, (Suvarnabhumi Intl), (20-2
bearings. P HI-1/10A. thru 20-2J) ATIS chg to 133.6.
The following RNAV NCRP's established W All Procedures at Bangkok/Suvarnabhumi Intl
and NW of Oakland, Calif VOR (OAK). comply with PANS OPS criteria.
PEBLL (N39 15.7 W124 12.4) Batam, Indonesia, (Hang Nadim), (10-2)
ROVUE (N37 14.0 W124 07.8) TANGO INDIA 1C Arrival [TI1C] (RWY 04),
ZONSO (N37 46.3 W124 21.7). P(H/ TANGO INDIA 1D Arrival [TI1D] (RWY 22) &
L)-3/10A. (10-3) TANGO INDIA 1C Departure [TI1C]
(RWY 04), TANGO INDIA 1D Departurel
VIETNAM [TI1D] (RWY 22), Airway W36 deleted.
CAN THO, CTR established. A circle approxi- Bengkulu, Indonesia, (Padang Kemiling),
mately 16.2 NM radius centered on Can Tho (10-2) Rwy 13 Arrivals: Change holding pat-
apt VVCT. Altitudes GND - 6890'. Time of tern headings at KTAUN from 139°/319° to
operation H24. FE H/L-3/2C. 133°/313°.
(13-1) VOR DME Rwy 13: Change holding
TERMINAL CHARTS pattern headings at KTAUN from 139°/319°
to 133°/313°. Change KTAUN from D14.0 to
GENERAL D14.2 BKL. From KTAUN to D9.2 (IF)
change heading from 139° to 124°.
INDONESIA Busan, Korea, (Gimhae Intl), Runway 36R
Trans level: FL 130, Trans alt: 11000'. PAPI changed to PAPI-L.
Bwagaoia, Papua New Guinea, (Misima),
JAPAN (AYMS) Misima (MIS) NDB decmsnd.
All approach procedures-When RVR is availa- Daru, Papua New Guinea, (10-2/10-3) AILAN
ble for the landing runway, all landing visibili- ARR/DEP Daru (DAU) NDB/DME decmsnd.
ties shown as CMV 1800m are changed to (AYDU) Daru, (DAU) NDB/DME decmsnd.
RVR 1800m. Flinders I, Tasmania, AWIS activation on VHF
134.4 requires 1 second transmit pulse.
Fukushima, Japan, (10-3B) NANSO waypoint
TERMINAL should read: NASNO (N36 53.1 E140 10.3).
Adelaide, South Australia, (Edinburgh (Mili- Golden Grove, Western Australia, (12-1)
tary)), ILS Z or LOC Z Rwy 18: Briefing Strip RNAV-E (GNSS) and (12-2) RNAV-W
ILS DA(H) should read 380' (321') to match (GNSS) will be published in 7 Dec 12 revi-
Straight-in ILS DA(H) in minimums section at sion.
bottom of chart.
Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory, AWIS acti-
Auckland, New Zealand, (Whenuapai (Mili- vation on VHF 128.65 requires 1 second
tary)), Major reconstruction work has been transmission pulse.
completed. T-VASI RWYs 03/21 have been
PACIFIC
Guam GQ, Guam, (Guam Intl), (11-1) ILS or Misawa, Japan, (Misawa AB), (33-2) HI-VOR
LOC DME Rwy 6L MM decmsnd. DME Rwy 28 Change to AMEND 6
Rwy 6R PAPI-L changed to PAPI-R. Moomba, South Australia, (10-9): Twy B
Gwangju, Korea, IAF name KOTY changed to CLOSED to all ACFT.
KOTTY. Mount Hagen, Papua New Guinea, (10-9)
Hanamaki, Japan, Operational restrictions at Change AT-VASI Rwy 12/30 to PAPI Rwy
Hanamaki AP will be placed due to construc- 12/30.
tion as follows: Beginning early Jun 2009 Nadi, Fiji Is, (Nadi Intl), (13-1) TWELVE
until late Mar 2012, during hours between NORTH VOR DME, procedure descent pro-
1030 UTC and 2300 UTC daily, rwy 02/20 file restricted to 3000', until crossing 3 DME
will be closed, except for emergency flights inbound NN VOR.
with prior permission. The exact date/time will Nyutabaru, Japan, (Nyutabaru Aero), Due to
be notified by further NOTAM. construction, Nyutabaru ILS 28 (INH) will be
Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR of China, (Hong unserviceable until late MAR 2012
Kong Intl), (10-3P thru 10-3X4) Eff 10 JAN 13 Osaka, Japan, (Osaka Intl), Circling MDA(H)
Omit "P-RNAV" from subheading. CAT A, B and C changed to: 690'(651') for
(All RNP 1 SID/STARs) Eff 10 JAN 13 RNP 1 (11-1) ILS Rwy 32L, (11-2) LOC Rwy 32L,
SID/STARs also avbl for conventional navi- (13-1) VOR Rwy 32R.
gation if not RNP 1 approved or when RNP 1 Perth, Western Australia, (Perth Intl), (10-9,
capability degraded (STARs)/degraded 10-9B) New stand-off parking bays located
before departure (SIDs) until 10 Jul13, but on domestic apron. Bays 914, 915, 916, 917,
will be available only as RNP 1 SID/STARs 918 are located between taxiways Juliet and
thereafter. Delta on the Domestic Apron.
Construction works for Midfield Development in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, (Jacksons
progress. For details refer to temp charts Intl), (11-1) ILS Rwy 14L Parer (PRE), Jack-
10-8/10-8A and latest NOTAMs. son (JSN) LOM's and MM decmsnd.
Lae, Png, Papua New Guinea, (Nadzab), (LAE) Astrolabe 3 Departure, 10-3H, procedure not
Nadzab (NZ) LCTR decmsnd. authorized.
Luang Prabang, Laos, Rwy 05/23 length modi- Prominent Hill, South Australia, (12-1) RNAV-
fied to 9514' 2900m X 148' 45m. Declared Z (GNSS) Rwy 18 and (12-2) RNAV-Z
distances as follows: (GNSS) Rwy 36 will be published in 7 Dec 12
RWY TORA TODA ASDA LDA revision.
05 9514' 2900m 10499' 3200m 9711' 2960m Proserpine, Queensland, (Whitsunday Coast),
8202' 2500m CTAF-R changed to CTAF.
23 9514' 2900m 10367' 3160m 9711' 2960m Pyongtaek, Korea, (A-511 AAF), (38-1)
9514' 2900m RADAR-1 Missed apch instructions to read:
Malay, Philippines, (Caticlan), Add PAPI Rwy As directed by radar controller.
06 3.0 Glide Angle. Rota I, Northern Mariana Is, (Rota I Intl), (16-1)
Manila, Philippines, (Ninoy Aquino Intl), NDB Rwy 9 Amend chgd to 3C, Reference
(10-9B), Terminal 1, parking of acft B773 and date 12 JAN 2012. (16-2) NDB Rwy 27
A346 not allowed at parking bays 6 &14. Amend chgd to 3D, Reference date 12 JAN
2012.
PACIFIC
Seoul, (Domestic), IAF SUHO has been (10-8) Construction Phase 2 prolonged to 31-
changed to SOOHO. JAN-2013, 2200UTC.
Seoul, (Gimpo Intl), (10-2-0) (10-3-0) Radio (11-1) Rwy 10 glidepath outage during con-
Communications Failure Procedures not struction, LOC-1 Rwy 10 should be applied in
usable. lieu of LOC (GP out) column in ILS Rwy 10.
Add planview note to all apch procedures: Do (12-2) RNAV (GNSS) Rwy 28 is suspended.
not fly North of YJU VOR R-270. Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia, (Raja Haji Fisabi-
Seoul, (Incheon Intl), (20-9Q4) Change De- lillah), RWY 04 Arrivals (10-2), RWY 22 Arriv-
icing Operational Procedures Note 4 from: als (10-2A), RWY 04 Departures (10-3),
radio contact with Incheon De-Icing & RWY 22 Departures (10-3A); Airway W36
Incheon Ramp to radio contact with Incheon deleted.
De-Icing or Incheon Ramp. Tokyo, (Narita Intl), 20-8 item 2 remarks should
Singapore, Singapore, (Changi), (10-3F) read: 4265' (1300m) instead of 492' (150m).
AROSO 1A & 1B DEPS, remove "MAX 220 Tokyo, (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl), For approach
KT" restriction at waypoint TOKIM, (10-3G) charts that use missed approach holding at
AROSO 1E & 1F DEPS, remove "MAX 220 PQE VOR: Holding changed to hold South-
KT" restriction at waypoint TOPOM, (10-3M) west 066° inbound (246° outbound) RIGHT
MASBO 1A & 1B DEPS, remove "MAX 220 turns, MHA 4500, MAX IAS 230 Kts. (11-12)
KT" restriction at waypoint TOKIM, (10-3N) ILS Z Rwy 34L CREAM to ARLON bearing
MASBO 1E & 1F DEPS, remove "MAX 220 248° changed to 256°. (11-16A) ILS Z Rwy
KT" restriction at waypoint TOPOM, (10-3P) 34R CAT II ARLON to CAMEL 357° 2.7
MERSING 4A & 5B DEPS, remove "MAX changed to 006° 1.9, SINGO to CAMEL 337°
220 KT" restriction at waypoint TOKIM, 3.3 changed to 337° 2.5, D16.9 ITC at
(10-3Q) MERSING 4E & 5F DEPS, remove CAMEL changed to D17.8 ITC .
"MAX 220 KT" restriction at waypoint Ulsan, Korea, PAPI-L RWY 18 angle chgd to
TOPOM. 3.3°.
Streaky Bay, South Australia, (12-1) RNAV-Z Runway 18 PAPI-L angle is now 3.8 degrees.
(GNSS) Rwy 13 and (12-2) RNAV-Z (GNSS) VOR DME Runway 18 disregard Night NA
Rwy 31 will be published in 7 Dec 12 revi- restrictions. Straight-in minimums apply to
sion. both day and night.
Sydney, New South Wales, (Kingsford Smith Vientiane, Laos, (Wattay Intl), Rwy 13 high
Intl), (10-9B) Due to construction Bay 75 and intensity approach lights unserviceable.
Southern section of Twy J closed UFN.
Warrnambool, Victoria, AWIS activation on
Tacloban, Philippines, (Daniel Z Romualdez), VHF 125.45 requires 1 second transmission
New PAPI's Rwy 18/36; position unspecified. pulse.
Taipei, Taiwan, (Songshan), (10-8) Change
Effective date to 08 SEP 12 2200Z. Add
Phase 2 remark "Portion of TWY EH
(between TWY N1 (excluded) and TWY E
(included)) are closed." Remove Phase 2
remarks 6, 7, 8, and 9. Phase 3is removed.
ENROUTE CHARTS PACIFIC
FLIGHT.
379A, 380, 408, 415, 418, 424, 425, 426,
GENERAL 473, 520, 521, 524, 525, 533, 536A, 536B,
555A, 555C, 564A, 608, 633A, 633B, 634A,
AUSTRALIA 640A, 640B, 709, 725, 766.
JAPAN
the CTAF (R) concept for Australia will be Chart Scale tic marks should read 1 inch = 15
retired and replaced by CTAF. This is expec- NM. RJAA 10-1.
ted to be phased in over the next few JAPAN 10-1B. Jeppesen continually strives to
months. Jeppesen will process CTAF improve the usability and readability of our
changes on an as revise basis along with charting products. In doing so we would like
more flight critical revision activity. to announce a change to our 10-1B charts
Conditional Restricted Area Categories desig within Japan. As these charts are revised
for all restricted areas in Australia. they will only depict the route structure which
RA1: Pilots can plan through or expect to get is provided by source documentation. They
a clearance through these areas when active. will no longer provide the complete route
structure as seen on our 10-1 Area charts
RA2: Pilots cannot plan through or expect a
and Enroute charts.
clearance through this airspace when active,
but a clearance may be provided on an Temporary Training Areas for Japan Self
opportunity basis. Defense Force time of operation revised. For
detail refer to CCN P-316.
RA3: Pilots cannot plan through and will not
get a clearance through this airspace when it PHILIPPINES
is active.
Within Manila FIR all TMA's are class D.
All restricted areas are category RA2 except
for the following. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
RA1: 249, 253, 255, 259, 265A, 265B, 265C,
265D, 358A, 358B, 358C, 358D, 358E, 420A, United States National Reference System
420B, 420C, 420D, 420E, 420F, 468, 493, (NRS) Waypoints: Waypoints revoked along
578A, 578B, 578C, 578D, 578E, 620A, 620B, the US/Canadian border as follows:
620C, 620D, 620E, 643A, 643B, 643C, 649, KP21I
655. KP24A
RA3: 122, 123, 124, 131A, 131B, 131C, KP24C
131D, 131E, 131F, 131G, 135, 140A, 140B, KP24E
178, 184, 235, 251A, 251B, 252, 254, 272, KP24G
275, 276, 286, 289A, 289B, 295A, 295B,
KP24Y
295C, 295D, 295E, 295F, 295G, 298, 321,
KS21C W499 Moorabbin NDB (MB) - YMPC (S37 55.9

KS24G E144 45.2) 268°/088°, 16 NM, MOCA 1800' -
KS24I TEMPL 274°/094°, 13 NM, MOCA 2900'/
2400'. AU LO-8/2C.
KS24K
Y45 established one-way S-bnd VENGA NCRP
KU24M
(S21 22.8 E115 13.0) - PANBA NCRP (S21
KU24O 58.4 E115 15.3) 176°, 36 NM; PANBA -
KU24Q TATUL CRP (S24 00.0 E115 23.2) 121 NM;
KU24S TATUL - TINDA CRP (S27 57.3 E115 39.5)
KU24U 237 NM.
KU24W. YPPH/10-1A.
Y82 redesignated Y69 KARAB - Alice Springs
VOR (AS). YBAS.
ATS ROUTES changed: ALDEL RNAV NCRP established at S25 28.7
L3 CUBIT - BYWAY 78NM. FE H/L-3/5B. E118 09.5. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A.
Nadi, Fiji (NN) VOR and Nausori, Fiji (NA) VOR ATPAR RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.7
OTS. All VOR airways in the Fiji Islands have E118 41.6. AU LO-1/7A.
been revoked. AS H/L-5/7A-8D, NFFN 10-1, Avalon CTA Class E times of operation chgd to
NFFN 10-1A. 24 hrs. YMML.
Avalon CTA Class E within 8 NM of the Avalon
ALASKA
apt vertical limits 700' AGL - 1500' MSL.
BULKY withdrawn P HI-1/8D, NP HI-2/7. Within 12 NM of the Avalon apt vertical limits
1500' - 4500' MSL. YMML, LO-7/7D.
AUSTRALIA
BORDERTOWN NDB (BOR) decmsnd. AU
ATS ROUTES changed: LO-2/4D, AU LO-7/6A, AU HI-10/1A.
A585 established Ceduna NDB (CDU) - BEZZA DANGER AREA YB(D)-709 changed to
CRP 301°/123°, 124NM, MOCA 2400/2600; RESTRICTED AREA YB(R)-709 (E of Rock-
BEZZA - PINAV CRP 303°/126°, 188NM, hampton {RK}). AU LO-4/4B.
MOCA 3000; PINAV - LANOP NCRP 306°/ GEKKO RNAV CRP established at S21 12.2
127°, 146NM, MOCA 3400. LO-4/1ABCD. E131 50.4. AU LO-3/6D.
B602 changed to RVSM standard ATPEN CRP GIBB RIVER NDB (GIB) decmsnd and replaced
- TEBUR CRP. NWWW. by MAMUT CRP. All airways realigned to
H20 SUNOB NCRP established (S40 02.9 MAMUT. AS HL-4/2C, AU LO-1/8B-9A, AU
E148 47.7). Mallacoota VOR (MCO) - LO-3/6AC, AU HI-9/6B.
SUNOB - Saint Helens NDB (STH) GILES NDB (GLS) decmsnd. AU LO-1/8C, AU
153/81NM. AU LO 7/9C, AU LO 8/3A. LO-4/1A.
H65 Wollongong NDB (WOL) - RAZZI MOCA GOKUP RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.4
4300'. YSCB. E118 33.1. AU LO-1/7A.
W426 Adelaide VOR (AD) - GULLY MOCA KADRI RNAV CRP established at S22 00.0
3500'/3800', GULLY - Stonefield NDB (SFL) E133 22.8. AU LO-3/7C.
MOCA 3800'/3500'. YPAD 10-1.
MANSFIELD NDB (MFD) decmsnd. AU TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Charlie

LO-6/1B, AU LO-7/8C, AU LO-8/2C. desig as follows: A circle with a 7 NM radius
NOGAS RNAV NCRP established at S25 32.6 centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes:
E118 26.1. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A. FL125 - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/
OLRUN RNAV NCRP established at S23 24.8 L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C.
E119 00.3. AU LO-1/7A. TODIK RNAV NCRP established at S27 53.8
PANBI RNAV NCRP established at S23 29.2 E117 41.6. AU LO-1/6B, AU LO-2/1A,
E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A. YPPH/10-1A.
PATSI RNAV CRP established at S23 00.0 TORRES STRAIT BROADCAST AREA
E133 39.4. AU LO-4/1B. revised. A circle with a 40NM radius centered
POINT COOK NDB (PCK) decmsnd. YMML,
AS H/L-4/4A, AYPY, AU LO-3/8B.
LO-6/1A, LO-7/7D, LO-8/2C.
W843 MILEM NCRP established (S13 29.6
RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330A established.
E128 02.1). Truscott NDB (TST) - MILEM -
An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM S-N
PERKS 103/10 NM.
by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes
Gnd - 2500' MSL. YPDN.
AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C. CAMBODIA
RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330B established.
ATS ROUTES changed:
An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM N-S
by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes R213 redesignated M510 Phnom Penh VOR
Gnd - 4500' MSL. (PNH) - Can Tho VOR (TRN). FE H/L-3/2AC.
AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C. CHINA, PR OF
RIPMA RNAV NCRP established at S25 37.0
E118 43.9. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A. WENZHOU APPROACH CONTROL AREA
estbld: N2854.0 E12001.5 - N2852.0
SARIG RNAV NCRP established at S23 11.5
E12043.0 - N2837.5 E12126.8 - N2800.0
E118 33.6. AU LO-1/7A. E12150.0 - N2629.1 E12126.9 - N2725.0
SYDNEY CTA Class C N of Sydney VOR from E11937.0 - N2854.0 E12001.5, GND-19700'.
45 NM - 55 NM lower limit chgd from FL125 FE HL-9/1B.
to 8500'. YWLM.
TAPIT RNAV NCRP established at S22 42.6 FIJI IS
E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A. ATS ROUTES changed:
TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Alpha A579 UBLIN - VIRAR 042°/220°. AS(H/L)-6/2A.
desig as follows: A circle with a 1 NM radius
Nadi CTA renamed Nadi CTA 1. NFFN 10-1.
GND - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/ FRENCH PACIFIC OVERSEAS TERR.
L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C.
ATS ROUTES changed:
TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Bravo
desig as follows: A circle with a 2 NM radius T1 established one-way E-bnd VAITE - NIVAL
centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes: CRP (S16 39.0 W150 48.5) 286°, 55NM,
5500' - FL500. Active by NOTAM. AS H/ MEA 3500; NIVAL - NOBUG CRP (S16 34.4
L-6/1C, YMHB, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C. W151 00.4) 279°, 12NM; NOBUG - NOMIS
CRP (S16 14.6 W151 52.3) 279° 54NM. B462 Miyakojima VOR (MYC) - KAZIK MEA
NTAA. 10000. ROAH 10-1.
T2 established one-way W-bnd Maupiti NDB B462 withdrawn Miyakojima NDB (MY) - Oki-
(MA) - SEBRO CRP (S16 41.0 W151 51.9) nawa NDB (OK). ROAH 10-1.
113°, 27NM, MEA 3500; SEBRO - SARMI V29 withdrawn Toyota VOR (TTE) - Okayama
CRP (S16 50.5 W151 37.9) 113°, 16NM; VOR (OKC). RJOO 10-1.
SARMI - SALAN CRP (S16 59.4 W151 24.7) W18 withdrawn Nagoya NDB (KC) - Daigo
112°, 15NM; SALAN - IDUTA 112° 66NM. VOR (GOC). RJGG 10-1.
NTAA.
Y18 RAKDA NCRP established (N35 31.2
RESTRICTED AREA NT(R)-10 vertical limits E133 38.4). Miyazu (YME) VOR - RAKDA -
chgd to 2000'-5000' MSL. NTAA. Miho VOR (JEC) 73/27 NM. RJOO 10-1.
INDONESIA Y20 PASLI - STOUT 33NM, MEA 12000
6000T. RJFF.
ATS ROUTES changed:
Y122 should read one-way southbound
A576S Semarang (ANY) VOR - RAFIS CRP BUDOH - INAHO - Niigata VOR (GTC). FE
(S02 53.6 E109 08.2) 342°/162°, 255 NM H/L-6/8A.
MEA 12500'. WIII 10-1A.
Y284 KATTA NCRP established (N34 00.2
W41 and W54 Makassar (MKS) VOR - MILAT E131 41.2). Kuga VOR (IWC) - KATTA - Ube
MEA 7000' . AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A. VOR (UBE) 23/21 NM. RJFF, FE H/L-5/2D,
W53 Makassar (MKA) VOR - NABAT MEA FE H/L-8/4D.
7000'. AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A.
ATS ROUTES (undesignated) changed:
BANDAR LAMPUNG CTR established. An
THE FOLLOWING TEMPORARY ATS
irregular shape approx 140 NM N-S by 80NM
ROUTES established from 1500UTC 14 NOV
E-W of Rodin Inten II apt. Altitudes 4000'
2012 to 1500UTC 6 MAR 2013 [During the
MSL-12000' MSL. Class 'C'. Time of opera-
unserviceability of Oki VOR (OIE)]:
tion 2300-1100 UTC Sun-Fri. WIII/10-1.
Dougo VOR (DGE) - DOZEN 203°/023°
BLIMBINGSARI NDB (BS) comsnd. WADD.
10NM, MEA 4000.
JAYAPURA NDB (ZN) decmsnd. AS H/L-2/1B,
Miho VOR (JEC) - DOZEN 024°/204° 31NM,
FE H/L-13/4A.
MEA 4000.
PROHIBITED AREA WA(P)-7 upper limit chgd
FE H/L-5/3A.
to FL300 (N of Surabaya VOR (SBR)).
WADD. UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE established
Miyakojima VOR (MYC) - Albax 183°/003°,
W35 Makassar VOR (MKS) - NETTO MEA
73NM MEA FL210. ROAH 10-1.
11000'.
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE established
AS H/L-3/8B, AS H/L-4/1A.
Okayama VOR (OKC) - HAKBI - SAEKI -
JAPAN KIJYY - Tottori VOR (TRE) 015°/195°, 4
NM/12 NM/13 NM/23 NM, MEA 13000'.
ATS ROUTES changed: RJOO 10-1.
A337 NOGAK - DAGDA CRP (N33 49.0 E142 UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE LEXUS NRCP
20.9) 354°/175°, 232NM. NP HI-2/3-4. (N27 00.2 E128 19.5) ROAH 10-1.
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE OHARA NCRP RJOO 10-1A, FE H/L-5/4BD, FE H/L-6/6BD,

established (N34 45.2 E134 04.7). Kibi VOR FE H/L-7/6C.
(OYE) - OHARA - OLIVE 12/18 NM. RJOO RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-532 times of ops
10-1. chgd to Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE revoked Kikai between 2200UTC - 0900UTC daily, Except
(KI) NDB - Emily. (KI) NDB - Kasari (AME) for 2200UTC on SAT - 0900UTC on SUN,
VOR. ROAH 10-1A. and 2200UTC on the day before specified
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE revoked days - 0900UTC on specified days. 2012: 11
Nagoya NDB (KC) - Sigak. RJGG 10-1. FEB, 20 MAR, 30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE withdrawn JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23
Kagawa VOR (KTE) - BERTH - EDDIE. NOV AND 24 DEC. 2013:1 JAN, 14 JAN, 11
RJOO 10-1. FEB AND 20 MAR. VMC ONLY. P HI-1/7C,
FE H/L-6/6BD, NP HI-2/4, FE H/L-7/7D, FE
UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTES EISAR NCRP
H/L-13/1B.
(N26 29.0 E127 30.3) ROAH 10-1.
RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-533 times of ops
KIKAI (KI) NDB decmsnd. ROAH 10-1A.
chgd to Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours
Naganuma NDB (NA) decmsnd. RJCC. between 2200UTC - 1000UTC daily, Except
NAGOYA NDB (KC) decmsnd. RJGG 10-1. for 2200UTC on SAT - 1000UTC on SUN,
NARITA Positive Control Area Class 'C' Air- and 2200UTC on the day before specified
space established. An irregular shaped-area days - 1000UTC on specified days. 2012: 11
aprox 12 NM N-W by 5 NM N-E centered on FEB, 20 MAR, 30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16
Narita VOR (NRE). Altitude 2000'-6000' and JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23
3000'-6000'. Time of operationH24. RJAA NOV AND 24 DEC. 2013:1 JAN, 14 JAN, 11
10-1, RJAA 10-1A. FEB AND 20 MAR.VMC ONLY.
Oki VOR/DME (OIE) temporarily OTS from RJFF 10-1, ROAH 10-1A, FE H/L-5/3C, FE
1500UTC 14 NOV 2012 to 1500UTC 6 MAR H/L-8/4D, FE H/L-13/2C.
2013 and replaced by Dougo VOR/DME. RESTRICTED AREA RK(R)-97E established.
Freq 109.6; ident "DGE", mag var 8°W. An irregular-shaped area approx 2 NM E-W
FE H/L-5/3A, FE H/L-7/7A, FE H/L-8/5C. by approx 6 NM N-S beginning approx 16
RESTRICTED AREA RJ(R)-144 times of ops NM of Gunsan VOR. Altitudes GND - FL300.
chgd to: FE H/L-12/8A.
1. Until 31 MAR 2013, During hours between TEMPORARY TESTING AREAS NR1 and NR2
0000UTC and 0730UTC daily VMC ONLY, desig thru 0930UTC 31 Mar 13 as follows:
(Except in JUN and JUL) and Except on SUN NR-1: An irregular area approx 60nm N-S by
and specified days. 2012: 11 FEB, 20 MAR, approx 60nm E-W beginning approx 30nm
30 APR, 3 MAY-5 MAY, 16 JUL, 17 SEP, 22 SW of Miyakejima (MJE) VOR.
SEP, 8 OCT, 3 NOV, 23 NOV AND 24 DEC. NR-2: An irregular area approx 100nm N-S
2013:1 JAN, 1 JAN, 14 FEB AND 20 MAR). by approx 100nm E-W beginning approx
2. JUN and JUL 2012, During hours between 80nm SW of Miyakejima (MJE) VOR.
0300UTC and 0730UTC daily. VMC ONLY Altitudes: By NOTAM. Times of operation: By
Except on SUN and specified day. (2012: 16 NOTAM. FE H/L-5/5ABCD, FE H/L-6/6D,
JUL). FEH/L-13/1B-2AC.
KOREA MICRONESIA
ATS ROUTES changed: ATS ROUTES changed:
W45 established Gwangju VOR (KWJ) - A222 AXTEN NCRP established (N06 49.3
VENUS NCRP (N35 07.5 E127 34.9) - E158 40.7) Ponhpei, Micronesia NDB (PNI)
AMICK NCRP (N35 07.5 E128 29.9) - Busan R-102/30 DME. Mileages:
VOR (PSN), 096°/278°, 38 Nm/45 NM/25 'PNI' NDB - AXTEN 30 NM
NM, MEA 8000'. FEH/L-5/1AB. AXTEN - 'UKS' NDB 270 NM. P H/L-2/2C.
KOREA, DPR OF R584 BIRUQ (N07 01.4 E157 42.1) and
HAVNU (N07 04.5 E158 41.7) NCRPs estab-
ATS ROUTES changed: lished. Pohnpei, Micronesia NDB (PNI)
B332, TOMUK (N3842.9 E12400.0) to SOKGE, R-268/30 DME and R-072/30 DME. Mile-
MEA 7000'; SOKGE to WASAN, MEA ages:
11000'; WASAN to KANSU, MEA 19000'. FE 'TKK' NDB - BIRUQ 350 NM
HL-13/1CD. BIRUQ - 'PNI' NDB 30 NM
B467, NULAR (N4059.2 E13411.0) to KANSU, 'PNI' NDB - HAVNU 30 NM
MEA 19000'. EA HL-12/1C, FE HL-13/1ACD.
HAVNU - LOOIS 367 NM. P H/L-2/1D,2C.
G346, NULAR (N4059.2 E13411.0) to KICHA,
MEA 17000'. EA HL-12/1C. NEW CALEDONIA
MALAYSIA DANGER AREAS NW(D)-1A, 1B and 1C with-
drawn (NE of Magenta, New Caledonia).
ATS ROUTES changed:
NWWW.
A341 TOMUD - AKMAR NCRP (N05 54.2 E117
RESTRICTED AREA NW(R)-2 established. A
26.4) 23 NM MEA 8000'; AKMAR - Sandakan
circle with a .5 NM radius centered on S22
VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 5000'. AS H/ 15.7 E166 38.3. Altitudes: GND - 2100 MSL.
L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A. NWWW.
W461 ARAVI - ANKOB NCRP (N05 42.7 E117 RESTRICTED AREAS NW(R)-3A and 3B
28.1) 22 NM MEA 8000'; ANKOB - Sandakan established. An irregular-shaped area approx
VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 5000'. AS H/ 2 NM S-N by approx 2 NM E-W beginning
L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A. approx 14 NM NE of Magenta VOR. Altitudes
W463 KABDU - BELDA NCRP (N06 09.3 E117 3A: (2100'-19,700' MSL) 3B: (GND-2100'
29.5) 62 NM MEA 9000'; BELDA - Sandakan MSL). NWWW.
VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 6000'. AS H/
L-1/5AB, FE H/L-4/9A. NEW ZEALAND
W545 established IPOH VOR (VIH) - SUKAT ATS ROUTES changed:
184°/004°, 59NM MEA 6500. AS H/L-3/5B,
H126 withdrawn, Nelson VOR (NS) - OPABI.
WMKK, FE H/L-3/1C.
NZWN.
Kuching NDB, Malaysia decmsnd. AS HL-3/6B, H211 GOSTI, KARBA NCRP changed to CRP.
FE HL-2/8B, FE HL-4/7B, FE HL-11/2C. Eff 07 Feb 13. AS H/L-7/6B7A, NZAA/10-1A.
H277 redesig Y127 one-way N-Bnd Wellington
VOR (WN) - ENBUG, Non-GNSS MFA
10000. NZWN.
Q531 established TOMID - MADIP 250°/070°, B148, ROLBI coords should read N6045.2
22 NM, MOCA 7800'. AS H/L-8/1D-2C. E13008.8. EA HL-11/10D.
Y311 ballflag L revoked ZUKKY - DADUK. B241, LETSA coords chgd to N5350.8
AS(H/L)-7/6D-7C. E15659.2. UHPP 10-1.
Y655 ballflag L revoked LEBOX - POKOM. B703, LETSA coords chgd to N5350.8
AS(H/L)-7/6D-7C. E15659.2 and GANKA coords chgd to
Y898 established one-way SW-bnd ELRUV - N5329.6 E15745.8. UHPP 10-1.
MADIP 197°, 19 NM, MOCA 8900'. AS H/ B803, NCRPs estbld: ROSUT at N6356.6
L-8/1D-2C. E11603.0 and NIGSA at N6235.3 E11752.4;
WARDS HOLDING changed. Hold SW 013° LIGMA - ROSUT, 158°/340°, 58NM; ROSUT
inbound LEFT turns. NZWN. - NIGSA, 95NM; NIGSA - INLUK, 162°/343°,
42NM. EA HL-11/9D10C.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA B936, RELPI (N4935.4 E13626.3) - DIBOS,
ATS ROUTES changed: MOCA 2300T; RELPI to KILMI, MAA FL350.
EA HL-12/1B.
V21 established Port Moresby VOR (PY) -
Nadzab VOR (NZ) 343°/164°, 175NM; B953, NCRP ROSUT estbld at N6356.6
Nadzab VOR (NZ) - Goroka NDB (GA) 284°/ E11603.0; RALID - ROSUT, 130°/313°,
104°, 84NM. AYPY. 53NM; ROSUT - NIRBA, 133°/316°, 72NM.
EA HL-11/9D10C.
KAVIENG VOR (KAV) decmsnd. AS H/L-2/3A,
FE H/L-13/4A. G370, NCRP NIGSA estbld at N6235.3
E11752.4; KULUR - NIGSA, 101°/282°,
KAVIENG VOR/DME (KVG) 117.1 at S02 35.1
30NM; NIGSA - VANAK, 48NM; NCRP
E150 48.8 comsnd. AS H/L-2/3A, FE H/
OSPON estbld at N6230.6 E12245.5;
L-13/4A.
NAROV - OSPON - MAROT, 41/30NM. EA
PHILIPPINES HL-11/10C.
G491, NCRP LUNOS estbld at N6300.7
CHART FE(H/L)-3/4 17 AUG 12 REVISION
E12128.4; Vilyuysk NDB (CZ) - LUNOS -
EFFECTIVE DATE 23 AUG 12 0000UTC. FE
NAROV, 45/28NM. EA HL-11/10C.
H/L-3, FE H/L-4.
G583, KUDER coords chgd to N5349.0
RUSSIA E15845.7; GEFAR to Malka NDB (MK), 243°/
063°. UHPP 10-1.
ATS ROUTES changed:
R35, NCRP MEBED estbld at N6440.6
A800, NCRP BANIG estbld at N6350.9 W17032.9; LIKOK - MEBED - ADLEN,
E15800.0; OSKON - BANIG - Omsukchan
31/21NM. EA HL-12/4D5C.
NDB (BM), 106/104NM. EA HL-12/3B.
R213, NCRP IBOLI estbld at N5114.9
A812, NCRP TOSNO estbld at N5508.2 E13438.5; OBUTA - IBOLI - OLGIR, 6/17NM.
E15630.8; LUTEG - TOSNO - ODIPA,
EA HL-12/1B2A.
25/72NM. UHPP 10-1.
R356, NCRPs estbld: OSPON at N6230.6
B101, NCRP IBOLI estbld at N5114.9 E12245.5 and LUNOS at N6300.7 E12128.4;
E13438.5; GEMRA - IBOLI - TIRAK, VEDEK - OSPON, 326°/145°, 36NM;
77/30NM. EA HL-12/1B2A. OSPON - LUNOS - NELUN, 46/42NM. Eff 13
Dec 12. EA HL-11/10C.
W8, BANEP (N7023.7 E06820.5) - ADERA, W321, NCRP KUGOM estbld at N6139.4
MOCA 3780T; ADERA - TINUS, MOCA with- E15103.6; BANOT - KUGOM - Seymchan
drawn (for Russian users only). Eff 13 Dec NDB (LC), 132/85NM (for Russian users
12. EA HL-11/7D8C. only). EA HL-12/3A.
W50, NCRP ATGUR estbld at N6536.3 ANADYR CTA withdrawn. EA
W17400.0; Uelkal NDB (NB) - ATGUR - Lav- HL-12/4ABCD5C.
rentiya NDB (LA), 132/75NM (for Russian ANADYR FIR withdrawn. P HI-1/8B9A, EA
users only). EA HL-12/4D. HL-12/4ABCD5C.
W75, NCRP BASNU estbld at N6559.9 KEPERVEYEM CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/4A.
E17830.7; LUNAD - BASNU - NIDAR, KEPERVEYEM FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/4A.
KRASNOYARSK CTA SECTOR 8 (freq 118.9)
HL-12/4BCD.
lateral limits chgd to include previous Tura
W81, NCRP NAMOD estbld at N6554.4 CTA. EA HL-11/9CD.
E17857.0; LUNAD - NAMOD - NEDLI,
KRASNOYARSK FIR lateral limits chgd to
include previous Tura FIR. EA HL-11/9CD.
HL-12/4CD.
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH 1 (freq
W82, NCRP RARIK estbld at N6320.2
133.0) and NORTH 2 (freq 133.7) lateral
E17902.3; LUNAD - RARIK - Beringovsky
limits chgd to include previous Anadyr CTA
NDB (BE), 91/19NM (for Russian users only).
and Markovo CTA. EA
EA HL-12/4CD.
HL-12/3BD4ABCD5C.
W88, NCRP SOLBA estbld at N6544.9
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH 2 (freq
E17940.8; LUNAD - SOLBA - Zaliv Kresta
133.7) lateral limits chgd to include previous
NDB (AS), 78/45NM (for Russian users only).
Keperveyem CTA, Pevek CTA and Shmidta
EA HL-12/4CD.
Mys CTA. EA HL-12/4ABD5AC.
W124, NCRP DIDKA estbld at N6215.9
MAGADAN CTA SECTOR NORTH (freq 133.2)
E14716.8; BASAT - DIDKA - SUMAL,
lateral limits chgd to include previous Omolon
CTA. EA HL-12/3B4A.
HL-11/10B11A, EA HL-12/3A.
W155, LOKIS coords chgd to N6850.7
previous Anadyr FIR, Keperveyem FIR, Mar-
E05811.0 (for Russian users only). EA
kovo FIR, Omolon FIR, Pevek FIR and
HL-11/7D.
Shmidta Mys FIR. EA
W200, NCRP SUBOB estbld at N6223.8 HL-12/3BD4ABCD5AC.
E14834.2; LUMAG - SUBOB - SUMAL,
previous Anadyr FIR, Markovo FIR and
HL-11/10B11A, EA HL-12/3A.
Shmidta Mys FIR. P HI-1/8B9A.
W286, NCRP SUMEP estbld at N6504.3
MALKA NDB (MK) coords chgd to N5319.6
W17159.5; DIMUR - SUMEP - DEGIR,
E15732.2. UHPP 10-1.
21/22NM; NCRP AMULI estbld at N6456.3
W17600.0; ADUSA - AMULI - Uelkal NDB MARKOVO CTA withdrawn. EA
(NB), 44/90NM (for Russian users only). EA HL-12/3BD4AC.
HL-12/4D. MARKOVO FIR withdrawn. P HI-1/8B, EA
HL-12/3BD4AC.
NYURBA CTA withdrawn. EA HL-11/9D10C. B326 Honiara VOR (HN) - DAGDA MOCA
NYURBA FIR withdrawn. EA HL-11/9D10C. 5800'. P H/L-2/2B.
OMOLON CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/3B4A. B452 KALEG - Honiara (HN) VOR - VAKRO
OMOLON FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/3B4A. MOCA 9100'/4800'.
PEVEK CTA withdrawn. EA HL-12/4AB. AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B.
PEVEK FIR withdrawn. EA HL-12/4AB. B598 TAMOR - SAKPI MOCA 7300'.
SHMIDTA MYS CTA withdrawn. EA AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B.
HL-12/4ABD5AC. G342 REDAM - Honiara VOR (HN) MOCA
SHMIDTA MYS FIR withdrawn. EA 7200'.
HL-12/4ABD5AC. AS H/L-2/4D.
TURA CTA withdrawn. EA HL-11/9CD. R450 TEMAT - REGIT - Honiara VOR (HN)
MOCA 8400'/7000'/7300'. AS H/L-2/4D, P H/
TURA FIR withdrawn. EA HL-11/9CD.
L-2/2AB.
YAKUTSK CTA SECTOR WEST 1 (freq 132.9)
lateral limits chgd to include previous Nyurba TAIWAN
CTA. EA HL-11/9D10C.
ATS ROUTES changed:
YAKUTSK FIR lateral limits chgd to include pre-
vious Nyurba FIR. EA HL-11/9D10C. G581 KROSA renamed GRADY. RCTP/10-1A,
NP HI-2/1, FE H/L-3/5A, FE H/L-9/2A, FE H/
YUZHNO-SAKHALINSK NDB (PI) freq should
L-12/6B, FE H/L-13/2D.
read 505. EA HL-12/1D2C.
J3-4 YILAN NCRP relocated (N24 44.4 E121
YUZHNO-SAKHALINSK NDB (SL) freq should
47.5). RCTP/10-1.
read 505. EA HL-12/1D2C.
THAILAND
SINGAPORE
ATS ROUTES changed:
ATS ROUTES changed:
A464/M751/W19 BangkokVOR (BKK) - POLAK
M630 SUKRI - BOBAG NCRP 123°/303°, 37
182°/002°; POLAK - REGOS 180°/360°.
NM MEA 6000'; BOBAG - Tanjung Pinang
VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1B.
VOR (TPG) 098°/278°, 61NM. AS H/
L-3/5B-6A, WSSS 10-1, WSSS10-1A, FE H/ W32 SUPOJ CRP established (N10 16.7 E100
L-4/6B. 12.3). REGOS - SUPOJ - Samui VOR (SMU)
105/45NM, MEA FL40.
M758 MUREX renamed MABAL.
DORNA CRP established (N09 25.0 E099
FE H/L-4/7A.
46.2). 'SMU' - DORNA - Surat VOR (STN)
N892 MUREX renamed MABAL. FE H/L-4/7A. 19/41NM, MEA FL40.
SOLOMON IS TEDOS CRP established (N08 48.6 E099
05.1). 'STN' - TEDOS - Krabi VOR (KBI)
ATS ROUTES changed: 20/42 NM. FE H/L-3/1ABC.
A597 LEDIM - DUMUL MOCA 9100'. AS H/ Y3 established one-way S-bnd MENEX -
L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2AB. DORNA CRP (N09 25.0 E099 46.2) 180°/
A598 OBLIB - ABVUB MOCA 9100'. 360°, 103NM MEA FL80; DORNA - TEDOS
AS H/L-2/4D, P H/L-2/2B. CRP (N08 48.6 E099 05.1) 228°/048°, 54NM;
TEDOS - PHUKET VOR (PUT) 228°/048°,
62NM. Available when VT(D)-58 is activated. VIETNAM

FE H/L-3/1AB. CAN THO, CTR established. A circle approxi-
Y4 established one-way N-bnd KRABI VOR mately 16.2 NM radius centered on Can Tho
(KBI) - RECNO 047°/227°, 41NM MEA FL80; apt VVCT. Altitudes GND - 6890'. Time of
RECNO - SAMUI VOR (SMU) 031°/211°, operation H24. FE H/L-3/2C.
68NM; 'SMU' - MENEX 349°/169°, 97NM,
opposite cruise levels. Available when
VT(D)-58 is activated. FE H/L-3/1AB.
Y5 established one-way N-bnd KIKOT CRP
(N08 36.7 E098 23.3) - ANDAX NCRP (N09
04.7 E098 35.8), 024°, 31NM, MEA FL70;
ANDAX - NOMEX CRP (N09 34.1 E098
48.6) 32NM, MEA FL130; NOMEX - MALIP
CRP (N11 12.7 E099 31.9) 107NM; MALIP -
HOTEL, 117NM. VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1AB.
DANGER AREA VT(D)-17 (AREA 2) vertical
limits chgd to GND-FL150 W of Bangkok
VOR (BKK). VTBD 10-1, FE H/L-3/1B.
DANGER AREA VT(D)-58 established. An
irregular-shaped area approx 100 NM N-E by
55 NM S-W centered on Ranong VOR
(RAN). Altitudes: GND - FL390. Time of oper-
ation: 0100 - 0900UTC MON-FRI Except
PublicHolidays. FE H/L-3/1AB.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

JOHNSTONE POINT, Alaska VOR (JOH) (N60
28.9 W146 36.0) Mag Var chgd from 27°E to
18°E. Add 9° to all airway/formation bearings.
P HI-1/10A.
MIDDLETON ISLAND, Alaska VOR (MDO)
(N59 25.3 W146 21.0) Mag Var chgd from
21°E to 18°E. Add 3° to all airway/formation
bearings. P HI-1/10A.
The following RNAV NCRP's established W
and NW of Oakland, Calif VOR (OAK).
PEBLL (N39 15.7 W124 12.4)
ROVUE (N37 14.0 W124 07.8)
ZONSO (N37 46.3 W124 21.7). P(H/
L)-3/10A.
AUSTRALIA
FLIGHT.
379A, 380, 408, 415, 418, 424, 425, 426,
GENERAL 473, 520, 521, 524, 525, 533, 536A, 536B,
555A, 555C, 564A, 608, 633A, 633B, 634A,
AUSTRALIA 640A, 640B, 709, 725, 766.
AUSTRALIA
the CTAF (R) concept for Australia will be
retired and replaced by CTAF. This is expec- ATS ROUTES changed:
ted to be phased in over the next few A585 established Ceduna NDB (CDU) - BEZZA
months. Jeppesen will process CTAF CRP 301°/123°, 124NM, MOCA 2400/2600;
changes on an as revise basis along with BEZZA - PINAV CRP 303°/126°, 188NM,
more flight critical revision activity. MOCA 3000; PINAV - LANOP NCRP 306°/
Conditional Restricted Area Categories desig 127°, 146NM, MOCA 3400. LO-4/1ABCD.
for all restricted areas in Australia. H20 SUNOB NCRP established (S40 02.9
RA1: Pilots can plan through or expect to get E148 47.7). Mallacoota VOR (MCO) -
a clearance through these areas when active. SUNOB - Saint Helens NDB (STH)
RA2: Pilots cannot plan through or expect a 153/81NM. AU LO 7/9C, AU LO 8/3A.
clearance through this airspace when active, H65 Wollongong NDB (WOL) - RAZZI MOCA
but a clearance may be provided on an 4300'. YSCB.
opportunity basis. W426 Adelaide VOR (AD) - GULLY MOCA
RA3: Pilots cannot plan through and will not 3500'/3800', GULLY - Stonefield NDB (SFL)
get a clearance through this airspace when it MOCA 3800'/3500'. YPAD 10-1.
is active. W499 Moorabbin NDB (MB) - YMPC (S37 55.9
All restricted areas are category RA2 except E144 45.2) 268°/088°, 16 NM, MOCA 1800' -
for the following. TEMPL 274°/094°, 13 NM, MOCA 2900'/
RA1: 249, 253, 255, 259, 265A, 265B, 265C, 2400'. AU LO-8/2C.
265D, 358A, 358B, 358C, 358D, 358E, 420A, Y45 established one-way S-bnd VENGA NCRP
420B, 420C, 420D, 420E, 420F, 468, 493, (S21 22.8 E115 13.0) - PANBA NCRP (S21
578A, 578B, 578C, 578D, 578E, 620A, 620B, 58.4 E115 15.3) 176°, 36 NM; PANBA -
620C, 620D, 620E, 643A, 643B, 643C, 649, TATUL CRP (S24 00.0 E115 23.2) 121 NM;
655. TATUL - TINDA CRP (S27 57.3 E115 39.5)
RA3: 122, 123, 124, 131A, 131B, 131C, 237 NM.
131D, 131E, 131F, 131G, 135, 140A, 140B, YPPH/10-1A.
178, 184, 235, 251A, 251B, 252, 254, 272, Y82 redesignated Y69 KARAB - Alice Springs
275, 276, 286, 289A, 289B, 295A, 295B, VOR (AS). YBAS.
295C, 295D, 295E, 295F, 295G, 298, 321,
AUSTRALIA
ALDEL RNAV NCRP established at S25 28.7 by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes
E118 09.5. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A. Gnd - 2500' MSL.
ATPAR RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.7 AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C.
E118 41.6. AU LO-1/7A. RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330B established.
Avalon CTA Class E times of operation chgd to An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM N-S
24 hrs. YMML. by 6 NM E-W centered on YMPC. Altitudes
Avalon CTA Class E within 8 NM of the Avalon Gnd - 4500' MSL.
apt vertical limits 700' AGL - 1500' MSL. AU LO-7/7D, AU LO-8/2C.
Within 12 NM of the Avalon apt vertical limits RIPMA RNAV NCRP established at S25 37.0
1500' - 4500' MSL. YMML, LO-7/7D. E118 43.9. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A.
BORDERTOWN NDB (BOR) decmsnd. AU SARIG RNAV NCRP established at S23 11.5
LO-2/4D, AU LO-7/6A, AU HI-10/1A. E118 33.6. AU LO-1/7A.
DANGER AREA YB(D)-709 changed to SYDNEY CTA Class C N of Sydney VOR from
RESTRICTED AREA YB(R)-709 (E of Rock- 45 NM - 55 NM lower limit chgd from FL125
hampton {RK}). AU LO-4/4B. to 8500'. YWLM.
GEKKO RNAV CRP established at S21 12.2 TAPIT RNAV NCRP established at S22 42.6
E131 50.4. AU LO-3/6D. E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A.
GIBB RIVER NDB (GIB) decmsnd and replaced TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Alpha
by MAMUT CRP. All airways realigned to desig as follows: A circle with a 1 NM radius
MAMUT. AU LO-1/8B-9A, AU LO-3/6AC, centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes:
AU HI-9/6B. GND - FL500. Active by NOTAM. YMHB, AU
GILES NDB (GLS) decmsnd. AU LO-1/8C, AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C.
LO-4/1A. TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Bravo
GOKUP RNAV NCRP established at S23 20.4 desig as follows: A circle with a 2 NM radius
E118 33.1. AU LO-1/7A. centered on S42 59.2 E147 17.5. Altitudes:
KADRI RNAV CRP established at S22 00.0 5500' - FL500. Active by NOTAM. YMHB, AU
E133 22.8. AU LO-3/7C. LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C.
MANSFIELD NDB (MFD) decmsnd. AU TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Charlie
LO-6/1B, AU LO-7/8C, AU LO-8/2C. desig as follows: A circle with a 7 NM radius
NOGAS RNAV NCRP established at S25 32.6
FL125 - FL500. Active by NOTAM. YMHB,
E118 26.1. AU LO-1/7A, AU LO-2/1A.
AU LO-8/4AC, AU HI-10/2C.
OLRUN RNAV NCRP established at S23 24.8
E119 00.3. AU LO-1/7A. TODIK RNAV NCRP established at S27 53.8
E117 41.6. AU LO-1/6B, AU LO-2/1A,
PANBI RNAV NCRP established at S23 29.2
YPPH/10-1A.
E119 19.9. AU LO-1/7A.
TORRES STRAIT BROADCAST AREA
PATSI RNAV CRP established at S23 00.0
revised. A circle with a 40NM radius centered
E133 39.4. AU LO-4/1B.
POINT COOK NDB (PCK) decmsnd. YMML, AU LO-3/8B.
LO-6/1A, LO-7/7D, LO-8/2C. W843 MILEM NCRP established (S13 29.6
RESTRICTED AREA YM(R)-330A established. E128 02.1). Truscott NDB (TST) - MILEM -
An irregular-shaped area approx 3 NM S-N PERKS 103/10 NM.
AUSTRALIA
YPDN. Sydney, New South Wales, (Kingsford Smith

Intl), (10-9B) Due to construction Bay 75 and
TERMINAL CHARTS Southern section of Twy J closed UFN.
Warrnambool, Victoria, AWIS activation on
TERMINAL VHF 125.45 requires 1 second transmission
Adelaide, South Australia, (Edinburgh (Mili- pulse.
tary)), (12-1) RNAV (GNSS) Rwy 18 is NA for
civil use.
ILS Z or LOC Z Rwy 18: Briefing Strip ILS
DA(H) should read 380' (321') to match
Straight-in ILS DA(H) in minimums section at
bottom of chart.
Avalon, Victoria, 10-9A, 12-2, 13-3 Papi both
sides Rwy 36.
Flinders I, Tasmania, AWIS activation on VHF
134.4 requires 1 second transmit pulse.
Golden Grove, Western Australia, (12-1)
RNAV-E (GNSS) and (12-2) RNAV-W
(GNSS) will be published in 7 Dec 12 revi-
sion.
Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory, AWIS acti-
vation on VHF 128.65 requires 1 second
transmission pulse.
Moomba, South Australia, (10-9): Twy B
CLOSED to all ACFT.
Perth, Western Australia, (Perth Intl), (10-9,
10-9B) New stand-off parking bays located
on domestic apron. Bays 914, 915, 916, 917,
918 are located between taxiways Juliet and
Delta on the Domestic Apron.
Prominent Hill, South Australia, (12-1) RNAV-
Z (GNSS) Rwy 18 and (12-2) RNAV-Z
(GNSS) Rwy 36 will be published in 7 Dec 12
revision.
Proserpine, Queensland, (Whitsunday Coast),
CTAF-R changed to CTAF.
Streaky Bay, South Australia, (12-1) RNAV-Z
(GNSS) Rwy 13 and (12-2) RNAV-Z (GNSS)
Rwy 31 will be published in 7 Dec 12 revi-
sion.
NavData Change Data

NAVDATA CHANGE DATA 39
PACIFIC
Jeppesen NavData CHANGE NOTICES highlight only significant changes affecting Jeppesen
navigation data that may be currently stored in your aircraft navigation system database.
FLIGHT.
FOR NavData BASE

10 Jan 13 THRU 06 Feb 13 CYCLE 1301
TERMINAL
LAOS
VLLB, Luang Prabang
Luang Prabang, Luang Prabang, Laos, (Luang
Prabang)
The following procedures are unuseable.
Approach:
VOR DME RWY 05 [D05], VOR DME RWY
23 [D23]
Arrivals: Rwys 5/23
NOHET [NTH]
SAGAG [SAGAG]
THX [THX]
VIETNAM
VVCT, Cantho
Cantho, Cantho, Vietnam, (Cantho)
The following new procedures will be effec-
tive 13 Dec 2012.
Approach:
VOR DME ILS RWY 06, VOR DME RWY 06,
VOR DME RWY 24
Arrivals:
RWY 06/24: CHUTA 3A,VINLO 3A, XUTHO
3A, DOTHA 3A, CANTO 2A, ANHOA 1A
Departures:
RWY 06: DOTHA 3C, CHUTA 3C, CANTO
2C, VINLO 2C, XUTHO 2C, ANHOA 1C
RWY 24: DOTHA 3D, CHUTA 3D, CANTO
2D, VINLO 2D, XUTHO 3D, ANHOA 1D
NAVDATA CHANGE DATA 40
SOUTH PACIFIC
Jeppesen NavData CHANGE NOTICES highlight only significant changes affecting Jeppesen
navigation data that may be currently stored in your aircraft navigation system database.
FLIGHT.
FOR NavData BASE

10 Jan 13 THRU 06 Feb 13 CYCLE 1301
NAVAID
ANDUKI NDB Anduki NDB - (AKI) coordinates

are N 04 37 49.126 E 144 22 18.393
TERMINAL
PAPUA NEW GUINEA

DGO , Daugo
Port Moresby, The Port Moresby/Daugo
(DGO) Airport is closed. The Port Moresby/
Daugo GPS procedure is designated by avia-
tion authorities as a training procedure, and
can be used only in day VMC in coordination
with ATC. This procedure must end with a
missed approach because there is no usable
landing surface available.
SINGAPORE
WSSS, Changi
Singapore, 220 KT max speed restricition
removed at TOKIM waypoint for the AROSO
1A [ARO1A] and MASBO 1A [MAS1A] depar-
tures. Database to be updated effective 10
January 2013.
Enroute
Enroute
Enroute Data - General

ENROUTE DATA - GENERAL 43
SITA
SITA AIRCOM-FAR EAST
SITA
REMOTE GROUND STATIONS

Ident Location Ident Location
ADL Adelaide (Adelaide Intl), Australia KUA Kuantan, Malaysia
ASP Alice Springs, Australia KUL Kuala Lumpur (Intl), Malaysia
AYQ Ayers Rock, Australia KWJ Gwangju, Republic of Korea
BDJ Banjarmasin, Indonesia LBU Labuan, Malaysia
BIK Biak, Indonesia LGH Leigh Creek, Australia

BKI Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia LGK Langkawi, Malaysia
BPN Balikapapan, Indonesia LRE Long Reach, Australia
BRK Bourke, Australia MAA Madras, India

BTH Batu Besar, Indonesia MDC Manadao, Indonesia
BTJ Banda Aceh, Indonesia MEL Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Australia
BWN Brunei (Bandar Seri Bagawan Intl), Brunei Darussa- MES Medan, Indonesia
lam
CBR Canberra, Australia MNL Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines

CCU Calcutta, India MYY Miri, Malaysia
CEB Cebu, Philippines NAG Nagpur (Dr. Ambedkar Intl), India
CED Ceduna, Australia NTX Natuna Island, Indonesia
CGK Jakarta (Soekamo-Hatla Intl), Indonesia OVB Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
CGV Caiguna, Australia PDG Padang, Indonesia

CJU Jeju, Korea, Republic of PEN Penang, Malaysia
CMB Colombo, Srilanka PER Perth (Intl), Australia
CNS Cairns (Cairns Intl), Australia PKC Petropavlosk-Kamchatsky, Russian
Federation
CRK Angeles City (Clark Intl), Philippines PLM Palembang, Indonesia

CVQ Carnarvon, Australia PNH Phnom Penh, Cambodia
DAD Danang, Vietnam POM Port Moresby
DJJ Jayapura, Indonesia PUS Busan, Republic of Korea
DPS Bali (Intl), Indonesia RGN Yangon, Myanmar
DRB Derby, Australia SBW Sibu, Malaysia
DRW Darwin (Intl), Australia SDK Sandakan, Malaysia
DVO Davao, Philippines SFS Subic Bay, Philippines

FNJ Pyongyang, Republic of Korea SGN Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
SITA

GMP Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea SIN Singapore (Changi), Singapore
GOV Gove, Australia SOC Solo City, Indonesia
HAN Hanoi, Vietnam SUB Surabaya, Indonesia
HKG Hong Kong (Intl), Hong Kong SZB Kuala Lumpur/Subang, Malaysia
HUN Hualien, Taiwan TAE Taegu, Republic of Korea

ICN Incheon, South Korea TCA Tennant Creek, Australia
IKT Irkutsk, Russian Federation TGG Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
ISA Mont Isa, Australia TIS Thursday Island, Australia

IXZ Port Blair, India TPE Taipei (Chiang Kai Shek Intl), Taiwan
JHB Johar Bahru, Malaysia TSA Taipei Sung Shaw, Taiwan
KBR Kota Bharu, Malaysia TSV Townsville (Townsville Intl), Australia

KCH Kaching, Malaysia TWU Tawau, Malaysia
KGI Kalgoorlie, Australia ULN Ulan Bator, Mongolia
KHH Kaohsiung (Intl), Taiwan UPG Ujung Pandang, Indonesia
KHV Khabarovsk, Russian Federation USN Ulsan, Republic of Korea
KNX Kununurra, Australia UUS Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russian Federa-
tion
KOE Kupang, Indonesia VTE Vientiane, Laos

KTA Karratha, Australia VVO Vladivostok, Russian Federation
KTM Kathmandu (Tribhuvan Intl), Nepal ZNE Newman, Australia
AVICOM JAPAN
REMOTE GROUND STATIONS–FREQUENCY 131.450
Akita Hachijo Kagoshima Memanbetsu Narita Sasayama Tottori
Amami Hakodate Kansai Misawa Niigata Sendai Toyama

Aomori Haneda Kochi Miyazaki Obihiro Shibi Tsukuba
Asahikawa Hiroshima Komatsu Morioka-Hana- Oita Shimojishima Ube

maki
Chitose Ishigaki Kumamoto Nagasaki Okayama Shounai Wakkanai
Fukuoka Itami Kushiro Nagoya Osaka Takamatsu Yamagata

Fukushima Izumo Matsuyama Naha Saga Tokushima Yonaguni
SITA
SITA AIRCOM-SOUTH PACIFIC
SITA

ADL Adelaide (Intl), Australia KTA Karratha, Australia
AKL Auckland (Intl), New Zealand LGH Leigh Creek, Australia
APW Apia, Samoa LRE Long Reach, Australia
ASP Alice Springs, Australia LST Launceston, Australia
AYQ Ayers Rock, Australia MDC Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia
BIK Biak (Frans Kaisiepo), Indonesia MEL Melbourne (Intl), Australia
BNE Brisbane (Intl), Australia MKY Mackay, Australia
BRK Bourke, Australia NAN Nandi (Intl), Fiji I
CBR Canberra, Australia NLK Norfolk I, Australia
CED Ceduna, Australia NOU Noumea (Tontouta), New Caledonia
CGV Caiguna, Australia OOL Coolangatta, Australia
CHC Christchurch (Intl), New Zealand PER Perth (Intl), Australia
CNS Cairns (Intl), Australia POM Port Moresby (Jacksons), Papua New
Guinea
CVQ Carnavarvon, Australia PPG Pago Pago (Pago Pago Intl), Amer Sa-
moa
DJJ Jayapura (Sentani), Indonesia PPT Tahiti I. Papeete, French Polynesia
DPS Bali (Ngurah Rai Intl), Indonesia RAR Raratonga (Intl), Cook I
DRB Derby (Western Australia), Aus- ROK Rockhampton, Australia
tralia
DRW Darwin, Australia ROT Rotorua, New Zealand
DUD Dunedin, New Zealand SYD Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), Australia
GOV Gove, Australia TBU Nuku'Alofa (Fua”Amotu Intl), Tonga
HBA Hobart, Australia TCA Tennant Creek, Australia
HIR Honaira (Henderson), Solomon Is TIS Thursday Island, Australia
HLZ Hamilton, New Zealand TSV Townsville, Australia
HTI Hamilton I, Australia UPG Ujung Pandang (Hasanuddin), Indonesia
ISA Mount Isa, Australia VLI Port Vila, Vanuatu
IVC Invercargill, New Zealand WLG Wellington (Intl), New Zealand
KGI Kalgoorlie, Australia ZNE Newman, Australia
SITA

KNX Kununurra, Australia ZQN Queenstown, New Zealand
KOE Kupang (El Tari), Indonesia
Enroute
Enroute Data - Pacific

ENROUTE DATA - PACIFIC 50
FAR EAST
CAMBODIA
Procedures for Air Traffic Control Coordination between PHNOM PENH ACC and BANGKOK
ACC on flights arriving/departing PHNOM PENH Airport:
– International flights from BANGKOK FIR arriving PHNOM PENH Airport shall be cleared via
R-468.
– International flights departing from PHNOM PENH Airport entering BANGKOK FIR shall be
cleared via A-340.
Procedures for Air Traffic Control Coordination between PHNOM PENH ACC and BANGKOK
ACC on flights arriving/departing SIEM REAP Airport.
– International flights from BANGKOK FIR arriving SIEM REAP Airport shall be cleared via R-468
- BOKAK - W3 - BB NDB - W3 - SRE.
– International flights departing from SIEM REAP Airport entering BANGKOK FIR shall be
cleared via W13 - MENAM - G-474.
Procedure for Air Traffic Control Coordination between PHNOM PENH and SIEM REAP.
– The flights from SIEM REAP Airport to PHNOM PENH Airport shall be cleared via W15 -
SATON.
– The flights from PHNOM PENH Airport to SlEM REAP Airport shall be cleared via W1.
CHINA
A-593 AIRWAY within AKARA — Fukue Corridor Only FL240, FL280, FL300, FL400, W-bnd and
FL250, FL290, FL310, FL390 available.
HONG KONG, PR of CHINA

M-772 AIRWAY ASOBA to DULOP — Only available for traffic departing Jakarta with destination
Hong Kong or P.R. of China.
A-1, G-581 AIRWAY VHHK FIR — E-bound overflights to RCAA FIR only available 1901–
0059UTC.
L-642 AIRWAY Cheung Chau VOR to EPKAL — Only available for VHHH, VMMC Departures
and overflights from ZGZU FIR.
M-750 AIRWAY VHHK FIR — E-bound overflights to RCAA FIR only available 1901-0059UTC.
M-771 AIRWAY DOSUT to Cheung Chau VOR — Only available for VHHH, VMMC Arrivals and
overflights to ZGZU FIR.
JAPAN
R-583 AIRWAY — E-Bnd only below FL380 within Fukuoka FIR between BORDO and ENTOK.
FAR EAST
KOREA
A-586 AIRWAY — Operational hours between Busan (PSN) VORTAC and TENAS Int: Mon-Fri
1100-2200 UTC. Sat 2200 on the day preceding until 2400 on the Saturday. Sun 0000-2200 UTC.
Holiday 1100 UTC on the day preceding until 2200 UTC on the holiday.
A-593 AIRWAY — Within Incheon FIR, the following altitudes are used by Fukuoka ACC: E-bnd
FL250, FL290, FL310, FL390. W-bnd FL240, FL280, FL300, FL400.
B-576 AIRWAY — Only used for Non-RNAV aircraft. Any aircraft approved for RNAV operations
should use airways Y-71 or Y-72.
B-576 AIRWAY — Between Songtan VOR – Jeju VOR, any aircraft planning to operating above
FL140 must coordinate with Incheon ACC before flight planning.
G-585 AIRWAY — Only westbound flight from KPO to SEL authorized, except aircraft departing
from RKTY or RKTI. Eastbound requires 24 hours PPR from Incheon ACC.
G-597 AIRWAY — Only eastbound flight from KAE to Lanat authorized. Westbound requires 24
hours PPR from Incheon ACC.
G-597 AIRWAY — Only westbound from SEL to AGAVO Int authorized unless otherwise
assigned by Incheon ATC. Offset procedures exist on ATS Route G-597 (ANSIM to AGAVO) and
will be implemented per ATC instruction.
L-512 AIRWAY — Operational hours between TENAS and ANDOL: E-bnd 24 hours, W-bnd as
follows:
– MON to THUR: 1200 – 2200 UTC
– FRI 1200 UTC thru SUN 2200 UTC
V-11: 11,000' thru FL240 and FL280 and above blocked. 11,000' and above 15 days PPR from
Incheon ACC.
Y-644 AIRWAY — Only eastbound from AGAVO Int to ENKAS Int authorized unless otherwise
assigned by Incheon ATC.
MALAYSIA
M-630 (RNAV 5) AIRWAY — Westbound flight planning not permitted.
P-628 AIRWAY — Flights reporting at IGREX Int should be at FL360 or above between 1600 and
1930 UTC. Flights unable to comply during these periods are advised to use alternate route. This
applies to all Non-ATFM (Air Traffic Flow Management) W-bnd flights departing from an airport
within, and flights transiting through the Kuala Lumpur FIR.
Y-339 (RNAV 5) AIRWAY — Flights SHALL NOT flight plan on Y339 at FL220 and below. East-
bound flight planning not permitted.
PHILIPPINES
ONE WAY AIR TRAFFIC FLOW FROM MANILA TO THE SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF THE
PHILIPPINES. (May be modified by Manila and Mactan ACCs). Stages of the international flights
FAR EAST
associated with climb to/descent from cruising – levels penetrating FL150 to FL280 shall conform
to these domestic routings:
Airways are North and Southbound 0000-1200 UTC, except:
– Northbound FL160 to FL280 2200-1300 UTC.
– Southbound FL150 to FL270 2200-1300 UTC.
SINGAPORE
A-457 Airway — Northbound flights landing at Kuala Lumpur and Subang are to flight plan via
A-457.
B-466 Airway — Flight planning not permitted between VJB and GEMAS.
G-579 Airway — Unidirectional route for flight from Soekarno-Hatta to Singapore. Bi-directional
route between Palembang and Singapore below FL200. All flights between SJ and JB are to
avoid at all times WSR38 which overlaps the eastern edge of the airway.
L-644 Airway — Available only for flights departing from Hong Kong or north of Hong Kong to
Jakarta.
M-630 Airway — Southbound flight planning permitted for flights from Kuala Lumpur and airports
beyond which are overflying beyond Singapore. Flights landing at Singapore Changi Airport to
flight plan on A-464.
R-325 Airway — Flight planning not permitted for northbound Flights departing from Singapore to
airports beyond Kuala Lumpur operating above FL200.
Y-339 Airway — Flight planning permitted for flights departing from or overflying Singapore to
destinations north of Kuala Lumpur and Subang airports. Flights planning to operate at FL220 and
below to flight plan on A-457.
TAIWAN
A-1 AIRWAY — Transiting aircraft may use APU VOR R-231 and MKG VOR R-050. Under such
circumstances, the Houlong reporting point will become a non-compulsory reporting point.
A-1 AIRWAY — W-bnd traffic entering the Hong Kong FIR via ELATO shall be restricted to flights
destined for aerodromes in Hong Kong FIR or transiting from Hong Kong FIR to Guangzhou FIR.
A-1 AIRWAY — Within Taipei FIR FL280 or above for southwest bound traffic only.
G-86 AIRWAY — E-bnd traffic entering the Taipei FIR via KAPLI shall be restricted to flights des-
tined for aerodromes in Taipei FIR or transiting from Taipei FIR to Fukuoka FIR via G-581 IGURU
between 1700-2200 UTC.
J-1 transition is available from 1400 UTC-2100 UTC daily. This transition route shall not be filed in
flight plan. This transition route shall be approved by ATC under radar environment.
L-1 RNAV transition is available from 1400 UTC-2100 UTC daily and the clearance may be with-
drawn in case of military operation requirement. This transition route shall not be filed in flight
plan. This transition route shall be approved by ATC under radar environment.
FAR EAST
L-2 is restricted for traffic between Taipei FIR and Shanghai FIR or traffic approved by ATC.
Arrival aircraft from KASKA should join L2 to BERBA. Unless otherwise assigned by ATC flight
levels available are: From Taipei FIR to Shanghai FIR: FL270, FL370. From Shanghai FIR to
Taipei FIR: FL300, FL320. Aircraft operated on L2 shall be equipped with Transponder and
TCAS/ACAS and maintain in operation.
R-583 AIRWAY — Authorized W-Bnd FL380 or above within Taipei FIR. Unless otherwise
approved by ATC arrival aircraft into Taipei FIR are prohibited.
THAILAND
A-1 AIRWAY — One-way system will be applied for a portion between BKK DVOR/DME and UBL
DVOR/DME as follows:
– ATS route will apply to eastbound traffic only.
– Westbound traffic shall flight plan W1 after UBL.
– The availability for westbound traffic on A1 or direct route will be subject to prior approval from
ATC.
M-770 AIRWAY — Segment between (RAN) VOR – GOLUD is available for WESTBOUND flight
only under the following conditions:
1. 0000 – 2300 UTC SAT and SUN.
2. 1630 – 2300 UTC daily MON to FRI.
M-904 AIRWAY — Segment between (BKK) VOR – (BUT) VOR, aircraft shall keep within the lat-
eral limit of the route and close to the centerline as much as possible to avoid entering VT(P)-7.
M-904 AIRWAY — When VT(D) 71 is activated, flight planning is prohibited.
Y-1 and Y-2 AIRWAYS — Available MON-FRI 1000 – 2300 UTC and SAT-SUN H24.
Y-5 AIRWAY — Available FRI 1701 UTC – SUN 2200 UTC.
G-331, G-458, W-17 and W-34 AIRWAYS — Unavailable. Y-3 and Y-4 AIRWAYS — Available
when VT(D)-58 is activated.
PACIFIC
STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR ADIZ FLIGHTS
PROCEDURES WITHIN PACIFIC AREA

FLIGHT PLAN
Filing of Flight Plan
File flight plan 30 minutes prior to takeoff, either in writing or by telephone with appropriate aero-
nautical facility for any flight, all or part of which will be conducted in an ADIZ. Designate VFR
flight as DVFR, and include route and altitude while within ADIZ, and Estimated Time of penetra-
tion. DVFR flight will not be conducted off airways unless aircraft has both applicable authentica-
tion codes and IFF. No deviations shall be made from a DVFR flight plan, unless prior notification
is given to an appropriate aeronautical facility.
Revision of Flight Plan
Transmit corrected information to appropriate aeronautical facility immediately after it becomes
evident that flight plan cannot be adhered to. See ALLOWABLE TOLERANCES FOR ADHER-
ENCE TO FLIGHT PLAN OR AIR TRAFFIC CLEARANCE.
TRAFFIC CONFLICTS
Numerous aircraft operate within the Pacific theater without filing VFR or IFR Flight Plans. Air-
crews operating outside ATC radar coverage may lessen traffic conflict potential by utilizing Radar
Advisory Service from the nearest Radar station.
ALLOWABLE TOLERANCES FOR ADHERENCE TO FLIGHT PLAN OR AIR

TRAFFIC CLEARANCE
Time
Five (5) minutes from estimate over reporting point or point of penetration; or in case of flight origi-
nating within ADIZ, five minutes from proposed time of departure, or as amended, unless IFR in
control area.
Distance
Ten (10) nautical miles from the centerline of the proposed route, if entering or operating in that
portion of the ADIZ located over or within ten (10) nautical miles of land mass area.
Twenty (20) nautical miles from the centerline of the proposed route, if entering or operating
within that portion of the ADIZ located beyond ten (10) nautical miles of land mass area.
ACTION TO BE TAKEN WHEN INTERCEPTED BY INTERCEPTOR AIRCRAFT

If intercepted by fighter aircraft, follow instructions published in the ACTION and SIGNALS para-
graphs in the EMERGENCY section under INTERCEPTION.
PROCEDURES FOR AUSTRALIA ADIZ FLIGHTS

GENERAL
The following general rules and procedures apply to enable identification of air traffic entering any
designated Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) under the control of Australia.
PACIFIC
a. An ADIZ is airspace of defined dimensions within which identification of all aircraft is

required.
b. When a flight is intended to operate within an ADIZ, the pilot, unless exempted in accord-
ance with para. c., must:
1. lodge a flight plan covering flight within the ADIZ with the appropriate ATS unit at least
60 minutes before entry into the ADIZ;
2. report position to ATS when passing each position reporting point within the ADIZ;
3. report position to ATS at ADIZ boundary with a geographical reference (e.g., 15 nautical
miles east of...) or, if the departure point is within 100 nautical miles of the ADIZ boun-
dary, report departure;
4. report departure if departing from a point in the ADIZ;
5. maintain a continuous listening watch on the communications frequency of the appropri-
ate ATS unit or on another frequency as directed until the flight is through the ADIZ;
6. not deliberately deviate from tracks and altitudes filed in the flight plan unless prior ATC
clearance is obtained, or outside controlled airspace, notification is given to the appro-
priate ATS unit; and
7. activate transponder when within 100 nautical miles of the ADIZ and when operating
within the ADIZ.
c. The following flights over Australia and its territorial waters are exempted from compliance
with the requirements of paragraph b, above:
1. a flight originating within a ADIZ which maintains a steady outbound track;
2. a flight which remains within 10 nautical miles of the point of departure;
3. aircraft performing published approach, holding or recovery procedures; and
4. a flight conducted in accordance with special procedures arranged with the Area Air
Defense Commander.
d. Flight plans lodged in accordance with paragraph b. above must include details of:
1. tracks and altitudes to be flown while operating in the ADIZ;
2. estimated elapsed times for each route segment in the ADIZ, including the segment in
which the ADIZ boundary is crossed;
3. position reporting points, departure and landing points; and
4. estimated time at the commencing point of the first route segment for which details are
required in accordance with sub-paragraph d. 2. above.
e. Reporting points published on ENROUTE/AREA CHARTS must be used plus those required
by the Area Air Defense Commander.
PACIFIC
f. Pilots must immediately notify ATS of any deviation from flight plan beyond the following tol-
erances:
1. estimated time of commencing the ADIZ route segments - plus or minus 5 minutes;
2. over land area - plus or minus 10 miles from track;
3. over oceanic areas - plus or minus 20 miles from track.
NOTE: The 5 minutes expressed above will be used in considering intercept action, but
pilots must report predicted deviations of greater than two (2) minutes.
g. In case of failure of two-way radio communication, the pilot must proceed in accordance with
the normal radio failure procedures.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
Special requirements may be published relative to a particular ADIZ. Flights exempted in accord-
ance with paragraph c. above will not be exempted from the special requirements unless so
specified.
NON-COMPLIANCE
Significant deviations from the requirements for flight in an ADIZ must be reported immediately to
ATS and details and reasons for the deviation must be reported at the first point of landing, for
transmission to the Area Air Defense Commander.
DIVERSION OF AIRCRAFT FOR DEFENSE OPERATIONS

The Area Air Defense Commander, may through ATS direct the flight of aircraft in the interests of
national security. Messages initiating such requirements will be prefaced by MILITARY OPERA-
TIONS REQUIRE....
PROCEDURES FOR JAPAN ADIZ FLIGHTS

a. In ADIZ, Japan Air Self Defense Force identifies aircraft approaching Japanese territorial air-
space, and aircraft unidentified by flight plan is liable to in-flight interception for visual confir-
mation.
b. VFR aircraft flying within ADIZ are requested to take the following actions to facilitate identifi-
cation of aircraft.
1. To send the flight plan to RJTJYXYX by AFTN line, in case of flying into Japanese terri-
tory from abroad through ADIZ.
2. To contact with an appropriate ATS Unit and the radar site of Japan Air Self Defense
Force in case that the actual flight deviates from the flight plan submitted in advance of
the flight.
PACIFIC
PROCEDURES FOR KOREAN ADIZ FLIGHTS

If flying on an approved flight plan in controlled airspace, a position report when entering or when
within the KADIZ is not required unless designated as a regular reporting point, or otherwise
requested by Air Traffic Control.
When inbound toward Korea, ETA at KADIZ boundary will be given when a position report is
made at the last reporting point prior to entering the KADIZ.
If flying outside controlled airspace, (off airways) the aircraft will give ETA at the KADIZ boundary
point of penetration and altitude at least 15 and not more than 30 minutes prior to penetration.
Pilots will report when entering the KADIZ, 100 NM from the mainland if entry was made at a
greater distance and every 30 minutes while within the KADIZ.
PROCEDURES FOR MYANMAR ADIZ FLIGHTS

AIR DEFENSE CLEARANCE (ADC): No flight of any aircraft either originating in or penetrating
into the ADIZ will be permitted without Air Defense Clearance. The procedure for obtaining ADC
is outlined in the following paragraphs.
PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING AIR DEFENSE CLEARANCE

a. Flight Plan to be filed 30 minutes before take-off, and to include ETA at ADIZ boundary and
route and altitude within ADIZ. In-flight changes for entry are not allowed except in emer-
gency.
b. Except for local flights conducted in the immediate vicinity of an aerodrome, all aircraft oper-
ating to, through or within the ADIZ shall obtain ADC through The Air Traffic Control Center
(ATCC).
c. ADC shall be valid for the entire flight within ADIZ irrespective of intermediate halts, for
flights originating in or transiting through the ADIZ.
d. For flights originating within the ADIZ, ADC shall be obtained before departure and in the
event of departure being delayed for more than 30 minutes, a fresh ADC shall be obtained.
e. In respect of Eastbound flights conducted along the airways penetrating the ADIZ, aircraft
shall, on first contact with the ATCC at the FIR boundary, request the ADC giving the estima-
ted time over the ADIZ boundary.
f. In respect of Westbound flights conducted along the airways penetrating the ADIZ, aircraft
shall, on first contact with the ATCC at the FIR boundary request an ADC only.
g. In respect of all flights conducted off airways aircraft shall contact ATCC at least 10 minutes
before entering the ADIZ giving the ETA over ADIZ boundary and requesting ADC.
h. Frequencies to be used shall be the normal air/ground communication frequencies.
PROCEDURES FOR PHILIPPINE ADIZ FLIGHTS

All flights, part or all of which will be conducted within the PADIZ and with indicated cruising
speed of 110 knots or greater, are required to file DVFR or IFR Flight Plans.
PACIFIC
a. Flight plans should be filed at least 30 minutes prior to take off either in writing or by tele-
phone with any of the appropriate aeronautical facilities. For those flights originating at points
where no aeronautical facility exists, flight plans should be filed as soon as possible through
the air-ground frequency as soon as airborne.
b. Flight plans for VFR flights shall be preceded by the letter “D” (DVFR) and must include the
route, airspeed and altitude while within the PADIZ, IFR flight plans should include estimate
of penetration of the PADIZ boundary.
c. A DVFR flight without 2-way communication may operate within the PADIZ or enter PADIZ
provided that it adheres to a filed flight plan.
d. When flying on established airways, ETA for PADIZ must be given when reporting over last
compulsory reporting point prior to crossing PADIZ. Reporting over PADIZ is required only at
designated compulsory reporting points indicated on enroute charts.
e. If crossing PADIZ at points not on established airway point of penetration, ETA and altitude
shall be given at least 15 minutes but not later than 30 minutes prior to crossing. Make posi-
tion reports inside PADIZ every 30 minutes or as requested.
f. Position reports immediately preceding penetration of PADIZ shall include the time estimate
of penetration, whether to confirm or to revise the time estimate originally contained in the
flight plan.
NOTE: See ALLOWABLE TOLERANCES FOR ADHERENCE TO FLIGHT PLAN OR AIR
TRAFFIC CLEARANCE above.
g. In addition, no deviation from the cruising altitude or flight level specified in the flight plan
shall be made unless an ATC clearance is obtained from the appropriate Air Traffic Control
Unit. However, when within reasonable distance from its destination, pilot may commence
descent from the altitude specified in the flight plan without reporting change of altitude.
PROCEDURES FOR TAIWAN ADIZ FLIGHTS

a. All non-tactical aircraft flying over the high seas are required to maintain an altitude of not
lower than 4000 feet, to fly within the designated airway(s) and (except when being vectored)
to make an instant position report when passing over the designated position reporting point.
b. All non-tactical aircraft flying inbound to the Taipei FIR are required to establish radio com-
munication with the Taipei Area Control Center or Taipei Communication Center while enter-
ing the Taipei FIR boundary.
c. Any non-tactical aircraft that chartered for a special seaward mission is allowed to call
“STAR GAZER” for Control Report Center directly on 121.5 MHz for position when deems
report necessary.
d. Aircraft will be intercepted by the Chinese Air Force interceptors, if
1. Aircraft do not adhere to the Air Defense Identification Procedures or to the Air Traffic
Control Regulation and Procedures.
PACIFIC
2. Aircraft deviate from the current flight plan — fail to pass over a compulsory reporting
point within 5 minutes of the estimated time over that point, deviate 20 NM from the
centerline of the airway; or 2000 feet difference from the assigned altitude; or any other
deviations.
PROCEDURES FOR THAILAND ADIZ FLIGHTS

a. Bangkok Area Control Center requires flight plans for all aircraft, IFR or VFR operating into
Bangkok FIR. It is essential that all aircraft, destined for an aerodrome within TADIZ or over-
flying TADIZ submit flight plans at the point of departure for relaying to Bangkok Area Control
Center.
b. Aircraft flying along the airways shall report at the normal reporting points. Aircraft approach-
ing TADIZ off airways shall give the estimated time over TADIZ boundary at least 10 minutes
in advance.
c. If unable to maintain radio communication with appropriate ATC agency the aircraft may con-
tact the nearest Ground Control Intercept (GCI) site on frequencies 127.0 or 331.3 MHz for
positive identification prior to entering TADIZ.
d. Aircraft will be intercepted by Royal Thai Air Force interceptors if:
1. They do not adhere to the Air Defense Identification procedures or the air traffic control
regulations and procedures.
2. They deviate from their current flight plan, fail to pass over a compulsory reporting point
of penetration within 5 minutes of the estimated time of passing over a point, or opera-
tion 10 NM over land or 20 NM over sea from the center line of the airway assigned.
PACIFIC
PACIFIC PREFERRED ROUTES
A system of routes has been established to guide pilots in planning their route of flight to
minimize route changes during the operational phase of flight, and to aid in the efficient
orderly management of air traffic. The routes which follow are designed to serve the needs
of airspace users and to provide for a systematic flow of air traffic in the major terminal
and enroute flight environments. Cooperation by all pilots will result in fewer traffic delays
and will better provide for efficient departure, enroute and arrival air traffic service.
FLIGHT PLAN/PREFERRED ROUTES
GUAM
Due to traffic congestion within the Oakland CTA/FIR north, south, and west of the Guam CTA
airspace (a 250 NM radius of N1332/E14455), preferred routings have been established for all
turbojet aircraft at or above FL280 operating within the Oakland CTA/FIR north, south, or west of
the Guam CTA. The following are the Guam area preferential routings within the Oakland Oce-
anic CTA/FIR. The acronym FPRD means flight plan route to destination.
Aircraft within the Oakland CTA/FIR and transiting the Guam CTA must flight plan to enter/exit
Guam Center airspace on an appropriate ATS route(s) or other established compulsory reporting
points (e.g., FATUM or JOBSS).
Aircraft flight planning at or above FL280 with filed routes other than those described above
should expect to be re-routed to the preferential route. Requests for alternate routes will be con-
sidered on a real-time basis as traffic conditions permit. However, aircraft should file for and be
prepared to fly the entire preferential route. Aircraft operating EAST of 150E longitude will not be
affected.
Southbound from the Fukuoka FIR to the Guam CTA
OVER KEITH KEITH R584 OTTRE FPRD
OVER PAKDO PAKDO G339 SHAWS FPRD
OVER MONPI MONPI A597 REEDE FPRD
OVER OMLET OMLET B586 WINZR FPRD
OVER TEGOD TEGOD G205 GUYES or TEGOD A337 SNAPP W21 HIRCH
FPRD
Northbound from within Guam CTA to the Fukuoka FIR

OVER MIKYY MIKYY R584 KEITH FPRD
OVER NATSS NATSS G339 PAKDO FPRD
OVER RICHH RICHH A597 MONPI FPRD
OVER TOESS TOESS B586 OMLET FPRD
PACIFIC
Northbound from within Guam CTA to the Fukuoka FIR

OVER TERYY TERYY G205 TEGOD FPRD
OVER TEEDE TEEDE A337 TEGOD FPRD
Northbound or Southbound west of the Guam CTA but within the Oakland CTA/FIR
OVER KEITH KEITH A339 SHREE or KEITH R204 KALIN FPRD
OVER SHREE SHREE A339 KEITH FPRD
OVER KALlN KALIN R204 KEITH FPRD
Eastbound or Westbound within the Oakland CTA/FIR and the Guam CTA
OVER ENDAX ENDAX G467 KITSS FPRD
OVER KITSS KITSS G467 ENDAX FPRD
The following Eastbound or Westbound fix-to-fix routes are approved

OVER LADSS DIRECT KYWEE DIRECT TIDEL
OVER TIDEL DIRECT KYWEE DIRECT LADSS
HONG KONG
Arriving at HONG KONG 1
Inbound Route
A470 DOTMI
A1/G581 ELATO
M501/A461 NOMAN
A583 SABNO
M772 ASOBA M772 DULOP Q1 CARSO
M771 DOSUT M771 DULOP Q1 CARSO
A1 IKELA P901 IDOSI 3 or
IKELA A1 IDOSI 3
R339/A202 SIKOU
R473 SIERA
PACIFIC
Departing from HONG KONG2

Connecting Route
V1 DOTMI or LAKES V1 DOTMI A470
V2 ELATO or OCEAN V2 ELATO A1/G581
V3 ENVAR or OCEAN V3 ENVAR M750
V4 NOMAN or OCEAN V4 NOMAN A461/M501
V5 SABNO or OCEAN V5 SABNO A583
V12 EPDOS L642 or PECAN V12 EPDOS L642 L642
3
V11 IDOSI P901 IKELA or V11 IDOSI A1 IKELA or PE- 3 A1
CAN V11 IDOSI P901 IKELA 3 or PECAN V11 IDOSI A1
IKELA 3
V10 SIKOU or PECAN V10 SUKOU R339/A202
BEKOL A461
OCEAN V4 SKATE KAPLI G86
1 Operators may include the relevant Standard Instrument Arrival (STAR) Procedures (e.g. ELA-
TO n A, SIERA n B, etc.) into the flight plan route if considered necessary. The ATS route after
entering the Hong Kong TMA is not required in the flight plan.
2 Operators departing from Hong Kong International Airport shall flight plan via the relevant Ter-
minal Transition Route until exiting the Hong Kong FIR/TMA to join the appropriate ATS route.
3 Route via P901 at FL290 or above, or A1 at FL280 or below. To operate at FL290 or above
aircraft must be RNP10 compliant.
Arrival at MACAO airport transiting Hong Kong FIR 1

Inbound Route
A470 DOTMI SAMMI J101 SMT
A1/G581 ELATO J101 SMT
M501/A461 Not available 2
A583 SABNO TOFEE ARROW J103 ROBIN CHALI 3
M772 ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN CHALI
M771 DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN CHALI
PACIFIC
Arrival at MACAO airport transiting Hong Kong FIR 1

A1 IKELA P901 IDOSI DASON J104 CHALI 4 or IKELA A1 IDOSI DA-
SON J104 CHALI 4
R339/A202 SIKOU J104 CHALI
Departure from MACAO airport transiting Hong Kong FIR 5

Connecting Route
V1 DOTMI A470
V2 ELATO A1/G581
V3 ENVAR M750
V4 NOMAN A461/M501
V5 SABNO A583
V32 EPDOS L642 L642
V31 IDOSI P901 IKELA or 4 A1
V31 IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
V10 SIKOU R339/A202

GRUPA KAPLI G86
1Operators may include the relevant Standard Instrument Arrival (STAR) Procedures (e.g.
SMT4B, CHALI2A etc.) into the flight plan route if considered necessary.
2 Flights from Manila FIR to Macao Airport should route via A583.
3 Flights to Macao International Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via A583 SABNO should plan
to cross SABNO at FL340 or below.
5 Operators departing from Macao International Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR shall flight plan
via the relevant Terminal Transition Route until exiting the Hong Kong FIR/TMA to join the ap-
propriate ATS/PBN route.
Arrivals into GUANGZHOU or SHENZHEN Airports transiting Hong Kong FIR

Entry Route Destination Airport
A1/G581 ELATO J101 SMT TAMOT ZGGG
PACIFIC

A583 SABNO TOFEE ARROW J103 PICTA CH B330 TAMOT 2
M772 ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 PICTA CH
B330 TAMOT 2
M771 DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 PICTA CH B330 TAMOT 2
A1 IKELA P901 IDOSI ARROW J103 PICTA CH B330 TA-
MOT 2, 3 or IKELA A1 IDOSI ARROW J103 PICTA CH
B330 TAMOT 2, 3
A202/R339 SIKOU J104 CHALI PICTA CH B330 TAMOT 4
A1/G581 Not available 5 ZGSZ
A583 SABNO TOFEE ARROW J103 ROBIN ALLEY GOBBI
LANDA 6, 7
M772 ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN ALLEY
GOBBI LANDA 7
M771 DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 ROBIN ALLEY GOBBI
LANDA 7
A1 IKELA P901 IDOSI DASON J104 COTON LANDA 3, 8 or
IKELA A1 IDOSI DASON J104 COTON LANDA 3, 8
PACIFIC

A202/R339 SIKOU J104 COTON LANDA 8
1 Flights from Manila FIR to Guangzhou or Shenzhen Airport should route via A583.
2Flights to Guangzhou Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via J103 should cross ISBAN at FL260.
Do not descend without ATC clearance.
4Flights to Guangzhou Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via J104 should cross CHALI at FL260.
5Flights from Taibei FIR to Shenzhen Airport should route via R200. Refer to Taibei and/or Chi-
na AIP.
6Flights to Shenzhen Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via A583 SABNO should cross SABNO
at FL340 or below.
7Flights to Shenzhen Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via J103 should cross ISBAN at FL200
and GOBBI at FL110. Do not descend without ATC clearance.
8Flights to Shenzhen Airport transiting Hong Kong FIR via J104 should cross COTON at FL120.
Departures from GUANGZHOU or SHENZHEN Airports transiting Hong Kong FIR

Depart From Connecting Route
ZGGG/ZGSZ SIERA MULET SKATE CONGA V2 ELATO 1 A1/G581
SIERA MULET SKATE CONGA V3 ENVAR 2 M750
SIERA MULET SKATE V4 NOMAN A461/M501
SIERA MULET SKATE V5 SABNO A583
SIERA MULET ALLEY V32 EPDOS L642
SIERA MULET ALLEY V31 IDOSI P901 IKELA 4 or SIERA A1
MULET ALLEY V31 IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
SIERA MULET ALLEY V10 SIKOU R339/A202
ZGSZ Only 3 LKC TD OCEAN V4 NOMAN A461/M501
LKC TD OCEAN V5 SABNO A583
LKC BREAM TITAN PECAN V10 ALLEY V32 EPDOS L642 L642
PACIFIC
Departures from GUANGZHOU or SHENZHEN Airports transiting Hong Kong FIR

LKC BREAM TITAN PECAN V10 ALLEY V31 IDOSI P901 A1
IKELA 4 or LKC BREAM TITAN PECAN V10 ALLEY V31
IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
1 Normally for non-RNAV compliant or non-RSVM approved aircraft.
2To operate between FL290 and FL410, aircraft must be RNAV5 compliant and RVSM ap-
proved.
3Traffic routing via LKC may be subject to delay due to congestion in the vicinity of Hong Kong
and Macao airports.
4 Route via P901 at FL290 or above, or A1 at FL280 or below. To operate at FL290 or above,
Flights transiting the Hong Kong FIR not specified in previous paragraphs
Entry Route Connecting Route
A470 DOTMI SOUSA CONGA V2 ELATO 1 A1/G581
DOTMI SOUSA CONGA V3 ENVAR 2 M750
DOTMI MONTA NOMAN A461/M501
DOTMI MONTA SABNO A583
DOTMI MONTA ARROW EPDOS L642 L642
DOTMI MONTA ARROW IDOSI P901 IKELA or DOT- 4 A1
MI MONTA ARROW IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
DOTMI MONTA ALLEY V10 SIKOU A202/R339
A1/G581 ELATO A1 MAGOG A470 DOTMI A470
ELATO J101 PONTI BEKOL A461
G86 KAPLI RAMUS ARROW IDOSI P901 IKELA or KAPLI 4 A1
RAMUS ARROW IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
KAPLI ALLEY V10 SIKOU A202/R339
A461 NOMAN SOUSA V1 DOTMI A470
NOMAN A461 BEKOL A461
NOMAN ROCKY SIKOU A202/R339
A583 SABNO SOUSA V1 DOTMI A470
SABNO RAMUS BEKOL A461
PACIFIC
SABNO SIKOU A202/R339
M772 ASOBA M772 DULOP Q1 CARSO RAMUS SOUSA V1 A470
DOTMI
ASOBA M772 DULOP M771 DUMOL J103 BEKOL A461
M771 DOSUT M771 DULOP Q1 CARSO RAMUS SOUSA V1 A470
DOTMI
DOSUT M771 DUMOL DONKI SIKOU A202/R339
DOSUT M771 DUMOL J103 BEKOL A461
A1 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI SOUSA V1 DOTMI or IKELA A1 A470
IDOSI SOUSA V1 DOTMI 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI ELATO 3, 4 or IKELA A1 IDOSI ELA- A1
TO 1, 3, 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI ENVAR 3, 4 or IKELA A1 IDOSI EN- M750
VAR 3, 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI ARROW RAMUS KAPLI 4 or IKELA G86
A1 IDOSI ARROW RAMUS KAPLI 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI DONKI SIKOU 4 or IKELA A1 IDOSI A202/R339
DONKI SIKOU 4
IKELA P901 IDOSI CH A461 BEKOL 4 or IKELA A1 A461
IDOSI CH A461 BEKOL 4
B330/W18 TAMOT B330 CH RASSE CONGA V2 ELATO 1 A1
TAMOT B330 CH RASSE CONGA V2 ELATO 1 G581
TAMOT B330 CH RASSE CONGA V3 ENVAR M750
TAMOT B330 CH RASSE CONGA V3 ENVAR M750 G581
DADON
TAMOT B330 CH GRUPA V4 NOMAN A461/M501
TAMOT B330 CH GRUPA V5 SABNO A583
TAMOT ALLEY V32 EPDOS L642
TAMOT ALLEY V31 IDOSI P901 IKELA or TAMOT AL- A1
4
LEY V31 IDOSI A1 IKELA 4

TAMOT ALLEY V10 SIKOU A202/R339
PACIFIC
A202/R339 SIKOU J104 CHALI SOUSA V1 DOTMI A470
4
SIKOU DONKI IDOSI P901 IKELA or SIKOU DONKI A1
IDOSI A1 IKELA 4
SIKOU DONKI EPDOS L642
SIKOU ROCKY NOMAN A461/M501
SIKOU SABNO A583
SIKOU J104 CHALI BEKOL A461
SIKOU J104 CHALI KAPLI G86
1 Normally for non-RNAV compliant or non-RSVM approved aircraft.
2 To operate between FL290 and FL410, aircraft must be RNAV compliant and RVSM approved.
3Route available only during the period 1700 – 0059 UTC, flight plan via G86 KAPLI during the
period 0100 – 1659 UTC.
4 Route via P901 at FL290 or above, or A1 at FL280 or below. To operate at FL290 or above,
JAPAN
For RJTT
(from Hokkaido/Tohoku/RJNT/RJNW)
RJNT-HISUI Y31 GENJI Y10;(FL250+)
RJNT-HISUI GTC R211;
RJNW-HISUI Y31 GENJI Y10;(FL250+)
RJNW-HISUI GTC R211;
...Y10/Y32/Y106 RUBIS Y10;
...MQE V22;
~GOC V22/Y10 STONE-RJTT
PACIFIC
For RJTT
(from Shikoku/Kyushu/West)
RJNK-MANAH KCC Y295 GAKKI;
RJOH-INABA YME V59 KCC Y295 GAKKI
RJOH-YAPPA INABA YME V59 KCC Y295 GAKKI; (for RNAV1)
RJOA/RJOB-CUE;
RJOA-IKUNO CUE;
RJOT-OKC V38 CHIZU GODON CUE;
RJOT-SAYOH SHISO CUE;
RJOS-HONMA KEC;
RJOS-HONMA KMANO MEIWA; (for RNAV1)
~Y71 DIIVA Y21;
~Y23 BATIS Y21;
~Y21;
~Y52 CHALK Y21;
~V17;
~ADDUM-RJTT
(from Europe)
...Y303 GENJI Y10;
~GOC Y10/V22 STONE-RJTT
(from NOPAC route, Pacific Ocean)
...NODAN R217 ASTER Y514 SDE Y106 RUBIS Y10;
...OATIS OTR3;
...PABBA OTR4;
~GOC V22/Y10 STONE-RJTT
(from Hawaii)
...OTR23/...OTR13 VACKY Y822 CHEVY Y824 ADDUM-RJTT
...OTR15 SMOLT Y824 ADDUM-RJTT
(ETA between 1400UTC and 2100UTC)
...Y87/Y108/Y213/Y233/OTR14/OTR16/G223;
...OTR8 OJC;
~PQE Y108 KAIHO-RJTT
PACIFIC
From RJTT
(for Hokkaido/Tohoku/Europe)
RJTT-PLUTO SYE; (for RNAV1)
RJTT-SYE;
~Y11 JD Y115 USUBA
~Y11 JD Y115 HANKA Y11/Y124...
~V15 AKAGI JD HATRI YTE...
~V15 AKAGI Y37...
~V15 GTC R211 KADBO...
(for Hokuriku)
RJTT-KANEK Y884; (for RNAV1)
~MBE...(FL240+)
~KINPU Y88 KCC...(FL230-)
(for San-in/Korea/Northern part of China)
RJTT-MITOH Y18; (for RNAV1)
~YME...(for San-in)
~NIRAS Y182 INASI Y22/OZAKA Y16...(for Korea/Northern part of China)
(for RJFF/RJFU/RJOA)
RJTT-SEKID Y20...(for RNAV1)
(for Northern part of Kyushu/Southern part of China/RJBE/RJOT/RJOM)
RJTT-YANAG Y28...(for RNAV1)
(for RJBB/RJOO/RJOS)
RJTT-JYOGA Y56 TOHME Y54...(for RNAV1)
(for RJBD/A1/Y24/Y52/G581/A590)
RJTT-JYOGA Y56; (for RNAV1)
~KEC...(FL260+)
~NADAR Y562 MAYON...(FL260+)
RJTT-URAGA MIURA Y58 YAIZU Y212...(FL250-)(for RNAV1)
(for West)
RJTT-KZE URAGA MIURA OCEAN SAGMI SZE...
PACIFIC
From RJTT
(for NOPAC route, Pacific Ocean)
RJTT-PLUTO SYE; (for RNAV1)
RJTT-SYE;
~TLE Y808 CUPID Y808/Y820...
~TLE CVC OTR20...
(for HUMMINGBIRD DEPARTURE)
RJTT-MIURA Y58 YAIZU Y214...
(EOBT between 1350UTC and 2100UTC)
RJTT-OPPAR;
~JYOGA Y371 YONOH Y373 SANOH Y882 ONUMA Y883 YTE Y11...(for RJCC)
~JYOGA Y371 KALON Y37...(for Europe)
~JYOGA Y56...(for West)
~PQE OTR14/OTR16/G223...(for NOPAC route/Pacific Ocean/Hawaii)
~PQE Y87...(for South)
From NOPAC route, Pacific Ocean (for Kanto)

NODAN R217 ASTER Y514 SDE Y106 RUBIS Y10;
...OATIS OTR3;
...PABBA OTR4;
~GOC JOHMO HAILY-RJTA/RJTJ/RJTY
For NOPAC route, Pacific Ocean (from Kanto)

RJTA/RJTJ/RJTY-KOGAR;
~TLE Y808 CUPID Y808/Y820...
~TLE CVC OTR20...
For RJAA
...KETAR Y811 MELON-RJAA (for RNAV1)
(from A337/B452/B586/G223)
...ADKAK Y819 CATCH Y815 KETAR Y811 MELON-RJAA (for RNAV1)
...B586 OGASA Y87 BAFFY Y81 VENUS-RJAA
PACIFIC
For RJAA
(from M750/Y57/Y81/Y83/Y85/A1/A339/A590/G581)
...MJE Y81 VENUS-RJAA
(from A593)
...ONIKU Y60 FUE Y23 KASTE Y81 VENUS-RJAA
(from RJGG/RJOA/RJOO)
...LAURA ENSYU Y79 MJE Y81 VENUS-RJAA
...SHTLE Y79 MJE Y81 VENUS-RJAA
(from RKRR)
...LANAT Y51 SAMON Y517;
...B332/G203 JEC V30 KMC Y515 ZUWAI Y517;
~LIVET Y303 SWAMP Y30 MELON-RJAA (for RNAV1)
...SAMDO A595 DGC V28 IWC V56 MPE Y412 ROSIE Y43 KEC A1 MJE Y81 VENUS-RJAA
(from Europe/North)
...Y301 KAMOH;
...HISUI Y31 SYOEN Y517 LIVET;
...CHE Y12 HWE Y122 OBAKO Y128 KAMOH;
~Y303 SWAMP Y30 MELON-RJAA (for RNAV1)
(from RJCC/RJEC)
...Y10 RUBIS Y304 SCAPA Y303 SWAMP Y30 MELON-RJAA (for RNAV1)
From RJAA
(for NOPAC route/Pacific Ocean/G223/B452/A337)
RJAA-CUPID Y808 ALLEN...(for RNAV1)
RJAA-CUPID Y820 SUNNS...(for RNAV1)
RJAA-MANGO OTR20 PETAL OTR14 VACKY OTR23/OTR13...
(EOBT between 0850UTC and 1400UTC)
RJAA-CUPID Y808 ACQUA Y803 SPEAR.../Y804 SCORE...(for RNAV1)
(for RJBB/RJOO)
RJAA-KZE Y50 GOTEN Y54 XMC...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC...
PACIFIC
From RJAA
(for RJFF/RJOA/A595)
RJAA-TETRA Y20...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC G597 CUE V28...
PACIFIC
From RJAA
(for A1)
RJAA-KZE Y50 RUSAR A1 BULAN A1...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC V52 KEC A1 BULAN A1...
(for A593)
RJAA-KZE Y50 DARTS Y60 ONIKU A593...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC G597 CUE V28 FUE A593...
(for B586)
RJAA-PAPAS Y80 FITTO Y87 OGASA B586...
(for B332/G203/G585)
RJAA-TETRA Y16 CHINO Y22 JEC B332/G203...
RJAA-TETRA Y16 SAPRA G585...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC G597 JEC B332/G203/G585...
(for Okinawa/R583/R595/B462/A582)
RJAA-PAPAS Y80 FAIRY Y82 BOBOT Y522 MAYON Y52...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC V52 KEC A597 TAPOP G581...
(for G581)
RJAA-PAPAS Y80 FAIRY Y82 BOBOT Y522 MAYON Y52 IGURU G581...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC V52 KEC A597 TAPOP G581 IGURU G581
(for A590)
RJAA-PAPAS Y80 FAIRY Y84 GULEG Y83 BUBDO A590...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC V52 KEC A597 BUBDO A590...
(for A339)
RJAA-PAPAS Y80 FAIRY Y86 YOSHI A339...
RJAA-KZE HYE SZE V17 XMC V52 KEC A597 TAXON A339...
(for Europe/North)
RJAA-JYOSO Y37...
RJAA-JYOSO AKAGI V15 GTC R211 KADBO...
RJAA-JYOSO JD Y115...
RJAA-JYOSO AKAGI JD HATRI YTE...
(for A204/Y104/B223)
RJAA-JYOSO Y11 JD Y115 USUBA Y117...
PACIFIC
For RJGG
(from North America)
...Y88 SENJO Y881 SLIDE-RJGG
...GTC Y12 MBE Y121 SWING-RJGG
(from Hawaii/RJAA)
...KZE Y50 DARTS-RJGG (for RNAV1)
...KZE HYE SZE MIKKA TRIKE-RJGG
(from South Pacific/Southeast of Asia/Kyushu/Okinawa/West/PGSN/PGUM/RCTP/VHHH)
...A1/V37/A597 KEC;
...G581 TAPOP A597 KEC;
...Y412/Y41 TARDY Y41 TUNAS;
...Y57 YULIA Y575 ALBAT;
...MADOG M750 IMPAL;
~NATCH CARDS-RJGG
~Y755 CARDS-RJGG (for RNAV1)
(from Korea/Northern part of China/Europe)
...G597/B332/G203 JEC V30 SONBU TRUGA MARIA CHESS-RJGG
...LANAT Y51 CHILY Y511 CHESS-RJGG (for RNAV1)
(from Europe)
...Y301 REALU Y305 FINGA Y12 MBE Y121 SWING-RJGG (for RNAV1)
(from Hokkaido/Tohoku)
...GTC V31 AZUMI V57 MBE MAPLE SWING-RJGG
...GTC MBE MAPLE SWING-RJGG (FL240+)
...CHINO Y88 SENJO Y881 SLIDE-RJGG
...GTC Y12 MBE Y121 SWING-RJGG (for RNAV1)
(from San-in)
...CUE V28 BIWWA-RJGG
PACIFIC
From RJGG
(for Korea/Northern part of China)
RJGG-HIKNE YME V59 JEC
RJGG-HIKNE YME V59 JEC... (for RNAV1)
(for Southern part of China)
RJGG-HIKNE Y20 BASIL Y204 DGC~(for RNAV1)
(for South Pacific/East Asia/Okinawa/PGSN/PGUM/RJBB)
RJGG-ESPAN KEC...
(for Tohoku/Hokkaido)
RJGG-KCC V31 GTC...
RJGG-KCC KROBE Y13... (for RNAV1)
(for Southern part of Tohoku)
RJGG-MORIZ CHAUS Y151 MYOGI Y15... (for RNAV1)
RJGG-MORIZ TENRU Y88... (for RNAV1)
(for Europe)
RJGG-CBE KCC KROBE Y13 BASIN R211 KADBO...
RJGG-CBE HIKNE YME V59 JEC ...
(for North America)
RJGG-CBE ANJYO TENRU Y88...
RJGG-LAURA ENSYU Y23 BATIS Y21 ADDUM V17 OJC... (for RNAV1)
(for Hawaii)
RJGG-LAURA ENSYU Y23 BATIS Y21 ADDUM V17 OJC... (for RNAV1)
RJGG-LAURA ENSYU Y79 MJE... (for RNAV1)
PACIFIC
For RJBB
(from Northeast/Northwest/Europe)
... GOLDO Y36;
... JEC Y361;
... JEC TRE/... GTC V30 KMC TRE KIJYY;
~SAEKI OKC ALISA TSC EDDIE-RJBB
~SAEKI Y36 ALISA-RJBB (for RNAV1)
(from West)
... V40 KTE BERTH EDDIE-RJBB
... Y35 BERTH-RJBB (for RNAV1)
(from RJOK/Southeast Asia/Southern part of Kyushu/Okinawa)
RJOK-KRE V56 KARIN BECKY EDDIE-RJBB
RJOK-KARIN BECKY-RJBB (for RNAV1)
... SUC STORK BRAVE KARIN/... Y53 BECKY EDDIE-RJBB
MADOG Y53 BECKY-RJBB (for RNAV1)
(from South Pacific)
... A597 TAPOP OTR26 EDDIE-RJBB
... A597 TAPOP Y46 CANDY-RJBB (for RNAV1)
(from East/RJGG)
... KEC V37 KISEI OTR26 EDDIE-RJBB
... KEC Y43 KISEI Y46 CANDY-RJBB (for RNAV1)
For RJBB (ETA between 2200UTC and 1200UTC)

(from RJAA/RJSS/RJTT)
... SINGU GBE EDDIE-RJBB
... XMC Y544 DANDE-RJBB (for RNAV1)
For RJBB (ETA between 1200UTC and 1400UTC)

(from RJAA/RJSS/RJTT)
... SINGU GBE EDDIE-RJBB
From RJBB (EOBT between 2116UTC and 1329UTC)

(for Southern part of China/RJFF)
RJBB-MAIKO WENDY SHION SOUJA Y281... (FL240+) (for RNAV1)
PACIFIC
(for RJOK/RJFM/RJFK/Okinawa)
RJBB-LINDA GLORY Y34 POPPY V53 KRE;
RJBB-LINDA GLORY KTE V53 KRE;
RJBB-LINDA GLORY Y34 SUKMO Y50;
~V53 ...RJFM
~DONKY ...RJFK
~DONKY OSUZU MZE TGE .../DONKY Y75... (FL220+)
~V53 SUC B597 TGE... (FL210-)
RJBB-LINDA GLORY KTE V53 KRE-RJOK
RJBB-LINDA GLORY HIBIS Y282 POPPY-RJOK (for RNAV1)
(for North America/Hawaii/South Pacific/RJAA/RJGG)
RJBB-TME GBE KEC...
RJBB-TME GBE TONDA KEC... (for RNAV1)
(for Tohoku/Hokkaido except for RJCC/RJCH/RJCW)
RJBB-NARAH UENOH KCC...
RJBB-NARAH UENOH GUJYO... (for RNAV1)
(for East Coast of North America)
RJBB-OGURA KYOTO SIGAK KCC Y88...
(for Hokuriku/RJCC/RJCH/RJCW)
RJBB-OGURA KYOTO SIGAK KCC;
RJBB-OGURA KYOTO SlGAK GUJYO; (for RNAV1)
~V31 GTC R211/V31...
~Y13 BASIN R211/Y13...
PACIFIC

(for Europe)
RJBB-OGURA KYOTO SIGAK GUJYO Y13 BASIN R211 KADBO...(for RNAV1)
RJBB-OGURA KYOTO SIGAK KCC V31 GTC R211 KADBO...
(for Korea/Northern part of China/Europe)
RJBB-MAlKO WENDY SHION SOUJA JEC/Y324 STAGE... (for RNAV1)
RJBB-MAIKO STE SOUJA JEC/Y324 STAGE...
(for Southeast Asia)
RJBB-MAIKO Y34 SUKMO Y50 DONKY Y50/Y75...
RJBB-MAlKO STE KTE V53 KRE SUMKO DONKY HKC/MZE...
(for RJTT)
RJBB-NARAH YAGYU SHTLE Y71... (for RNAV1)

(for Korea/Northern part of China/Europe)
RJBB-MAIKO WENDY SHION SOUJA JEC/Y324 STAGE... (for RNAV1)
RJBB-MAIKO STE SOUJA JEC/Y324 STAGE...
(for Southern part of China)
RJBB-MAIKO WENDY SHION HABAR Y60... (for RNAV1)
RJBB-MAIKO STE WASYU V28/Y28...
(for Europe)
RJBB-MAIKO OLIVE SAYOH V38 YME V38/Y381 KMC V30 GTC R211 KADBO...
(for Okinawa)
RJBB-TME KRE SUKMO DONKY OSUZU MZE TGE...
RJBB-TME KRE SUKMO DONKY Y75...
RJBB-TME KRE SUKMO DONKY HKC/MZE...
(for North America/Hawaii/South Pacific/RJTT)
RJBB-TME GBE KEC...
RJBB-TME GBE TONDA KEC... (for RNAV1)
PACIFIC
For RJOO
(from Hokkaido/Tohoku/East)
... GTC V31 AZUMI V57 MBE V58/... GTC Y12/... GTC MBE V58;
... NAKTU Y12/... NAKTU V58;
~XMC OHDAI KODAI YAMAT-RJOO
~XMC Y546 KODAI MIRAI ABENO-RJOO (for RNAV1)
(from West)
RJOK-KAIFU Y403 KAINA Y753 SKE-RJOO (for RNAV1)
... ROSIE Y231 MIRIO Y401 KAINA Y753 SKE-RJOO (for JET)
... MPE Y401 KAINA Y753 SKE-RJOO (for DH8D)
... KRE KAIFU Y403 KAINA Y753 SKE-RJOO (for propeller aircraft except DH8D)
... KRE KAIFU SKE-RJOO
(from Northwest)
... JEC/TOZAN G597 ROKKO V55/... YME V55 SKE-RJOO
... JEC/TOZAN G597 ROKKO/... YME V55 ROKKO KAMEO OTABE ABENO-RJOO (for
RNAV1)
...YME V55 ROKKO KAMEO OTABE ABENO-RJOO (for RNAV1)
(from Southwest)
... SUC A1 JAKAL MUGIE HONMA KAINA/...Y753 SKE-RJOO
PACIFIC
From RJOO
(for Hokkaido/Tohoku)
RJOO-MINAC KCC V31...
RJOO-MINAC GUJYO Y13... (for RNAV1)
(for RJFF/RJFU/RJFO/RJFS/RJFT/RJOC/RJOH/RJOW)
RJOO-SUMAR STE SOUJA/WASYU...
RJOO-SUMAR AYAME SETOH SOUJA/WASYU... (for RNAV1)
RJOO-HYOGO TOZAN G597... RJNO/RJOC/RJOH (for propeller aircraft)
(for RJOK/RJFM/RJFK/Southern part of Kyushu/Okinawa)
RJOO-MAIKO AJE SUNNY KRE;
RJOO-AJE SUNNY KRE; (for RNAV1)
~V53 ...RJFM
~SUKMO Y50 DONKY/~DONKY ...RJFK
~DONKY OSUZU MZE TGE.../~SUKMO Y50 DONKY Y75... (FL220+)
~V53 SUC B597 TGE... (FL210-)
RJOO-SUMAR STE KTE V53 KRE-RJOK
RJOO-SUMAR AYAME Y282 POPPY-RJOK (for RNAV1)
(for RJTT)
RJOO-ASUKA SHTLE Y71... (for RNAV1)
(for RJAA)
RJOO-ASUKA SHTLE Y79... (for RNAV1)
For RJCC
RJCW-RUMOI V1 CHE-RJCC
RJCH-TIKYU V13 /Y13 CHE-RJCC
RJSM-MWE V11/Y11 CHE-RJCC
RJSI-MWE V11/Y11 CHE-RJCC
RJSN-KENSI V31 UWE Y32 MRE V13/Y13 CHE-RJCC
RJNK-NTE HISUI GTC V31 MRE V13 CHE-RJCC
RJNK-HAKUI GINJO NTE GOLDO Y19 MRE Y13 CHE-RJCC(for RNAV1)
RJNT-HISUI Y311 GOLDO Y19 MRE Y13 CHE-RJCC
RJCK/RJCM/RJCN... V2 KURIS V1 CHE-RJCC
PACIFIC
For RJCC
(from South)
... HANKA V11/Y11 CHE-RJCC
(from Chugoku/Kyushu/West/Okinawa/Southeast Asia)
... V31/Y13/Y19 MRE V13/Y13 CHE-RJCC
... HKC V54 JEC V30 GTC;
... HKC V54/Y45 IWC Y141 SAMON Y14 GOLDO;
... V30/V38 KMC V30 GTC;
... Y381/Y14 GOLDO;
~V31/Y19 MRE V13/Y13 CHE-RJCC
From RJCC
RJCC-KURIS V1 WKE-RJCW
RJCC-KURIS V1 RUMOI Y10 YOROI V1 WKE-RJCW
RJCC-BISEI V5 IKEDA V4 GINGA-RJCM
RJCC-BISEI V5 KOTAN-RJCK
RJCC-BISEI V5 KSE V2 MASHU-RJCN
RJCC-TOBBY V22 OBCHI MIS-RJSM
RJCC-TOBBY V22 MQE V34 HPE-RJSI
(for RJTT/RJAA)
RJCC-TOBBY V22/Y10...
(for RJBB/Kyushu/West)
RJCC-HWE V30/Y12/Y14/Y122...
(for Okinawa/Southeast Asia)
RJCC-HWE V30/Y14 JEC V54/Y45 HKC...
PACIFIC
For (RJCB/RJCK/RJCM/RJCN) From South

... MQE V35/Y111 KSE... RJCK/RJCM/RJCN
... MQE V35/Y111 ERIMO-RJCB
From (RJCB/RJCK/RJCM/RJCN)
(for AP located west of 139E including RJSN)
RJCB/RJCK/RJCM/RJCN... MKE HWE V30/Y122 GTC V31/Y12...
RJCB/RJCK/RJCM/RJCN... MKE HWE V30/Y14/Y122...
(for AP located east of 139E except for RJSN)
RJCB/RJCK/RJCN... V35/Y111 MQE V22/V34/Y106/Y124...
RJCM... MKE/Y101 TOBBY V22/Y10...
For RJFF
RJFK/RJFM-SASIK G339 DGC-RJFF
(from Hokkaido/Tohoku/Hokuriku/East)
... Y14/Y20/Y256/Y281 STOUT;
... Y28 IWC Y256 STOUT(FL230-);
... ~Y20 EBISU-RJFF
... ~Y20 KIRIN-RJFF(for RNAV1)
...IWC IWAYA ASARI SWE EBISU-RJFF
...IWC IWAYA ASARI SWE DGC-RJFF(for propeller aircraft except DH8D)
(from South)
... HKC G339 DGC-RJFF(FL220-)
... HKC A582 IKE-RJFF(FL230+)
... BOMAP/MOMPA/KOSHI Y25 IKE-RJFF
... BOMAP/MOMPA/KOSHI Y25 GENKO-RJFF (for RNAV1)
(from West)
... FUE MENMA IKE-RJFF
PACIFIC
From RJFF
RJFF-KUE MOCOS KBE-RJFK
RJFF-YAMGA KUE MOCOS KBE-RJFK (for RNAV1)
RJFF-MIZMA G339 HKC KBE-RJFK(12,000ft-)
RJFF-OMUTA G339 HKC KBE-RJFK(12,000ft-) (for RNAV1)
RJFF-KUE KROMA MZE-RJFM
RJFF-YAMGA KUE KROMA MZE-RJFM (for RNAV1)
(for Hokkaido/Tohoku/Hokuriku)
RJFF-IWC Y45/V54 JEC V30...
RJFF-YOKAT IWC Y45 JEC... (for RNAV1)
RJFF-IWC Y141 SAMON Y14...
RJFF-YOKAT IWC Y141 SAMON Y14... (for RNAV1)
(for East)
RJFF-TAE V17/V37/Y23...
RJFF-MPE/YANKS/SALTY/SPIDE... (for RNAV1)
RJFF-DGC SWE ASARI IWAYA IWC...(for propeller aircraft except DH8D)
RJFF-YANKS...RJTT (for RNAV1)
RJFF-SABAR Y81 MJE...RJAA (for RNAV1)
RJFF-MPE Y412...RJGG (for RNAV1)
(for South)
RJFF-HKC...
RJFF-YAMGA HKC... (for RNAV1)
(for West)
RJFF SGE OLE...
RJFF-YAMEK SGE OLE... (for RNAV1)
(for Korea)
RJFF-YAMEK IKE A582 APELA...
RJFF-YAMEK IKE45 IKE A582 APELA... (for RNAV1)
RJFF-DGC A595 IKE A582 APELA...
RJFF-YAMEK DGC A595 IKE A582 APELA... (for RNAV1)
PACIFIC
For KYUSYU/CHUGOKU/SHIKOKU/KINKI/TOKAI
(from Hokkaido/Tohoku/Hokuriku)
... NAKTU Y126 KIKOL Y295 GAKKI Y55 ENSYU-RJNS
... KCC V28/Y28 OKC RYUOH HGE-RJOA
... KMC Y382 WAKIT Y20 KAMMY Y202 AMURO-RJOA(for RNAV1)
... GOLDO Y381 KMC Y382 HYOGO Y28 ASANO PORTO TRACY SIOJI-RJBE (for RNAV1)
... GOLDO Y381 KMC Y382 HYOGO Y28 OKC OYE-RJOB
(from East)
... V28/Y28 OKC RYUOH HGE-RJOA
... Y20 CLOVE HGE-RJOA
... Y20 KAMMY Y202 AMURO-RJOA (for RNAV1)
... V28/Y28 BAMBO KINOE/Y283 MPE-RJOM
... Y28 BAMBO Y283 ITUKI-RJOM (for RNAV1)
... V28/Y28 DGC OHGIE TAKEO OLE-RJFU (FL230-)
... Y281 STOUT Y14 DGC OHGIE TAKEO OLE-RJFU(FL240+)
... Y20 BASIL Y204 OHGIE TAKEO OLE-RJFU (FL240+)
... V28/Y28 IWC V54/Y45 TAE V40/Y40 KUE ARAOH OMUTA SGE-RJFS
... V28/Y28 IWC V54/Y45 TAE V40/Y40 KUE-RJFT
... Y28 IWC Y45 TAE Y40 KAZMA-RJFT (for RNAV1)
... V28/Y28 IWC V54/Y45 YANAI BAIEN TFE-RJFO
... V28/Y28 IWC UBE/Y284 UBE-RJDC
... V28/Y28 IWC IWAYA ASARI/Y285 ASARI-RJFR
... CUE V28/Y28 ASANO TRACY SIOJI-RJBE
... CUE Y28 ASANO PORTO TRACY SIOJI-RJBE (for RNAV1)
... CUE V28/Y28 OLIVE STE KTE-RJOT
... CUE Y28 OLIVE TSUDA BRUTE POPAI-RJOT (for RNAV1)
... CUE V28/Y28 OKC OYE-RJOB
... XMC SINGU GBE DATIS EDDIE TSC-RJOS
... KEC Y24/A1 JAKAL PANCH KRE-RJOK
... KEC Y24 TURFY Y242 PANCH-RJOK (for RNAV1)
... A1/Y24/V53 SUC B597 HIROS OYODO-RJFM (FL140-)
... A1/Y24/V53 SUC SIROK KOBIK OYODO-RJFM (FL150+)
... A1/Y24/V53 SUC Y402 SIROK KORIN OYODO-RJFM (for RNAV1)
PACIFIC
... A1/Y24 SUC/... MZE OHBIC HAYAT-RJFK
... Y24 SUC Y757/... Y754 SPICA Y757 JANUS-RJFK (for RNAV1)
(from South)
... Y57 JERID Y572 BAIKU UNODA-RJNS
... G581 BOBOT BAIKU UNODA-RJNS
... TGE G339 KINKO KBE-RJFK
... AMMON KBE-RJFK
... A582 MAKRA KBE-RJFK
... A582/Y45 HKC HONDO OLE-RJFU
... A582/Y45 HKC G339 TAIME V40/Y40 KUE-RJFT
... A582/Y45 HKC V54/Y45 TAE-RJFO
... A582/Y45 HKC V54/Y45 IWC KPE SUNFL HGE-RJOA
... SUC STORK KARIN/...Y53 BECKY EDDIE AJE TRACY SIOJI-RJBE
... A582/Y45 HKC V54/Y45 TAE V40/Y40 MPE-RJOM
... HKC V54/Y45 IWC KRETA KINOE TAKMA KTE-RJOT (FL150-)
... HKC V54/Y45 IWC KRETA KINOE TAKMA OYE-RJOB(FL150-)
... HKC V54/Y45 TAE V40/Y40 MPE ITUKI KINOE TAKMA KTE-RJOT (FL160+)
... HKC V54/Y45 TAE V40/Y40 MPE ITUKI KINOE TAKMA OYE-RJOB (FL160+)
... B597 JACKY MZE-RJFM
(from West)
... Y23 ENSYU-RJNS
... Y33 XMC Y55 ENSYU-RJNS
... Y71 SHTLE Y79 ENSYU-RJNS
... V40 KTE BERTH EDDIE AJE TRACY SIOJI-RJBE
... Y35 BERTH KAKEF OKADA TRACY SIOJI-RJBE (for RNAV1)
... V37 KRE-RJOK
... V37 KABIL-RJOK (for RNAV1)
(from Korea)
... KALEK G203 OPERA AKANA HGE-RJOA
... APELA A582 IKE OLE V40/Y40 KUE-RJFT
... APELA A582 IKE OLE V40/Y40 TAE-RJFO
... APELA A582 IKE OLE KAZSA SASIK MOCOS MZE-RJFM
PACIFIC
... APELA A582 HKC KBE-RJFK
PACIFIC
From KYUSYU/CHUGOKU/SHIKOKU/KINKI/TOKAI
(for Hokkaido/Tohoku/Hokuriku)
RJNS-CHAUS Y151/TENRU...
RJNS-SZE Y295 KCC...
RJBE-MAIKO EJIMA OLIVE GODON TAMBE V38 YME...
RJBE-MAIKO AKASI MOZAC KAKOH NARIE YME...(for RNAV1)
RJOB-YME V38/Y381 KMC...
(for East)
RJFT-TAE...
RJFT-MPE/SPIDE/SALTY/DONAR... (for RNAV1)
RJFU-OLE V40/Y40 TAE...
RJFU-TAE/SALTY... (for RNAV1)
RJDC/RJFR-MPE...
RJDC/RJFR-FIATO Y61... (for RNAV1)
RJFO-SATAH DONAR MPE...
RJFO-SPIDE/MPE...(for RNAV1)
RJFO-FIATO...RJTT(for RNAV1)
RJFK-JOKER B597 MADOG/SUC...
RJFK-MIDAI... (for RNAV1)
RJFM-JACKY B597 MADOG/SUC...
RJFM-KIZAK HIROS MADOG...(for RNAV1)
RJOK-RYOMA V37 KEC...
RJOK-MUROT MIYAT MERID KEC... (for RNAV1)
RJOM-KRE V37 KEC...
RJOM-MPE Y401.../MPE Y412.../KRE... RJOO
RJBE-MAIKO EJIMA OLIVE GODON CUE...
RJBE-MAIKO AKASI MOZAC KAKOH NARIE CUE... (for RNAV1)
(for South)
RJNS-BAIKU Y572 BOBOT Y522...
RJNS-BAIKU BOBOT G581...
RJFU/RJFT-HKC...
RJFT MIFNE HKC... (for RNAV1)
RJFO-TAE V54/Y45 HKC...
PACIFIC
RJOM-SHONO V40/Y40 TAE V54/Y45 HKC...
RJOA-IWC V54/Y45 HKC...
RJBE-MAIKO EJIMA STE KTE V53 KRE;
RJBE-MAIKO Y34 SUKMO Y50; (for RNAV1)
RJBE-MAIKO Y34 POPPY V53 KRE; (for RNAV1)
~DONKY ...RJFK
~DONKY OSUZU MZE TGE... /DONKY Y75... (FL220+)
~V53 SUC B597 TGE... (FL210-)
RJOT-KTE WASYU V28/Y28 IWC...
RJOT-WASYU Y28 IWC... (for RNAV1)
RJOB-WASYU V28/Y28 IWC...
(for West)
RJBE-MAIKO EJIMA STE WASYU/SOUJA...
RJBE-MAIKO WENDY SHION WASYU/SOUJA...(for RNAV1)
(for RJFF)
RJNS-SZE Y295 KCC V59 OGAKI Y20... /KOMAK Y28...
RJOK-KRE V56...
RJOK-OMOGO V56... (for RNAV1)
(for A593)
RJNS-SZE Y295 KOMAK Y28...
(for Southern part of Kyushu)
RJNS-SZE Y295 GAKKI Y296 HANTO Y56
RJNS-LHE V17 XMC V52...
(for Korea)
RJNS-SZE Y295 KCC V59 YME Y18 JEC...
RJOT-OKC V53 JEC...
RJOT-TAROH JEC... (for RNAV1)
RJFT-KUE/RJFO-TAE V40/Y40 OLE IKE A582 APELA...
RJFM-SASIK KAZSA OLE IKE A582 APELA...
RJFK-OLE IKE A582 APELA...
RJOA-OPERA...
PACIFIC
RJOA-SINFO STAGE Y38/G585 SAPRA... (for RNAV1)
For ROAH
RJKA-PINNE ONC OKUMA-ROAH
RORY-NHC-ROAH
ROMY-TORII;
ROIG-MYC V91 TORII;
ROYN-ABASA GKE V90 MYC V91 TORII;
~V91 CORAL-ROAH
~Y577 GEMNI Y57 CRUXS-ROAH
ROMD/RORK-TOPAT NANJO-ROAH
(from Hokuriku/San-in/Shikoku/Kyushu)
... HKC A582/Y45 ONC OKUMA-ROAH
(from RJBB/RJOO/RJBE/RJOK/RJFM)
... B597/Y75 ONC OKUMA-ROAH
(from RJSS/RJAA/RJTT/RJGG)
... Y52 TONAR Y525 ONC OKUMA-ROAH
... G581 ONC OKUMA-ROAH
(from China/Korea)
... A586/Y579 ONC OKUMA-ROAH
(from South/G581/R595)
... SAKON A582 TIC NHC-ROAH
... MYC V91 TORII Y577 GEMNI Y57 CRUXS-ROAH
PACIFIC
From ROAH
ROAH-CHERY ONC PINNE YUWAN-RJKA
ROAH-YRE-RORY
ROAH-TOPAT R583 MDE-ROMD/RORK
(for RJFK/North part of Kyusyu/Hokuriku/San-in/Shikoku)
ROAH-ALC Y25 BOMAP...
ROAH-ALC BOMAP...
(for RJBB/RJOO/RJBE/RJOK/RJFM)
ROAH-ALC B597 TGE...
ROAH-ALC Y53 MADOG...
(for RJSS/RJAA/RJTT/RJGG)
ROAH-ALC POMAS Y574 SHIBK Y57...
ROAH-ALC POMAS G581...
(for South)
ROAH-SAKON...
(for China/Korea)
ROAH-ONC A586/Y579...
For ROMY/ROIG from North

...A528/Y45/B597/Y75/G581/Y525 ONC KXC GANAS MYC-ROMY
...A528/Y45/B597/Y75/G581/Y525 ONC KXC GANAS MYC V90 GKE-ROIG
OTHERS
...MRE Y13 CHE Y10 YOROI V1 WKE-RJCW
RJEC-KAGRA SUIKA V1 CHE...
RJEC-KAGRA Y103 TOBBY...
...CHE V7 AWE-RJEC
...IBURI Y112 ASIBE V7 AWE-RJEC
RJCH-TAPPI UWE/Y12...
...V13/V31/Y13/Y113 MRE V31/Y113 HWE-RJCH
...V31/Y13/Y113 MRE Y113 HIBAR-RJCH (for RNAV1)
RJSA-HWE/CHE...
RJSA-GONOU UWE V32/V31/Y32...
PACIFIC
OTHERS
RJSA-GONOU NYUDO...
...HWE V31/Y113 BYOBU-RJSA(from north)
...HINAI V13/Y113 MRE-RJSA(from south)
RJSM-HPE Y10/V33/V34/Y124...
...HANKA V11/Y11 SAMBO V10 MIS-RJSM
...V31 GTC YTE V36 HPE-RJSI
RJSK-MRE...
RJSK-CHOKA/YAYOI...
...MAGGY-RJSK (from north)
...CHOKA/YAYOI-RJSK (from south)
RJOA-YME V38 KMC... RJCC/RJSS
RJOA-KIJYY YME Y381 KMC... RJCC/RJSS (for RNAV1)
RJSS-DERBY GTC... (for RNAV1)
RJSS-SDE R217 GTC...
RJSS-STEED RIKYU... (for RNAV1)
RJSS-GOC...
RJSS-CUBIC MWE... (for RNAV1)
RJSS-SDE TAKRA YTE V11 HANKA Y11/V11 MWE...
...KMC Y515 LANCE-RJSS (for RNAV1)
...KMC V30 GTC R217 SDE-RJSS
...KCC Y88 TENRU Y15 OWLET-RJSS (FL250+)
...KCC Y88 GYODA Y882 ONUMA Y883 INAWA Y15 OWLET-RJSS
...V22/V33 SDE-RJSS
RJAH-OGITU TATSU GOC...
...GOC TATSU NAKAH-RJAH
PACIFIC
OVERFLIGHT
(from North)
...CHE V30/Y12 HWE Y122/V30/Y14/Y12...
(for North)
...GTC V31 UWE V31/Y32 MRE V13/Y13 CHE...
(from China/Korea)
...ONIKU Y60 ISAKY Y28 DGC Y14 JEC...
...ONIKU A593 FUE V28 DGC V28 IWC V54 JEC...
...ONIKU Y60 FUE Y23 TAE V17 KTE Y33 SHOOT Y71 XAC Y233 PQE Y108 OJC OTR8 KA-
GIS...
...ONIKU A593 FUE V40 OLE TAE V17 XAC PQE OJC OTR8 KAGIS...
...Y579 RUSAR Y27 SAKON...
(for China/Korea)
...JEC V54 IWC V28 FUE...
...JEC Y14 DGC Y28 ISAKY Y60...
...OKC V28 FUE...
...OKC Y28 ISAKY Y60...
...SAKON Y27 RUSAR Y579...
(from Southeast Asia)
...MOLKA M750 MJE...
...MOLKA M750 MOMPA Y25...
...MOLKA M750 MOMPA Y25 KOSHI A1 HKC V54/Y45...
...LEBIX N884 ALBAX Y531 YURIX Y27 RUSAR Y579...
...IGURU Y26 YURIX Y62 BOMAP A582/Y45...
...LEBIX N884 ALBAX Y531 YURIX Y62...
...IGURU Y26 SEPIA B597 SUC...
...LEBIX N884 ALBAX Y533 TIC A582 ONC B597 ALC Y53...
...IGURU Y57...
...LEBIX N884 ALBAX Y533 TIC Y57...
...Y52 IGURU...
...B597 SEPIA Y26 IGURU...
...Y75 SWANO Y26 IGURU...
PACIFIC
OVERFLIGHT
...HKC A582/Y45 BOMAP Y62 YURIX Y26 IGURU...
...Y579 RUSAR Y27 SAKON A582...
...HKC A582/Y45 ONC A582...
...B597 ONC A582...
...Y52 TONAR Y525 ONC A582...
(for Europe)
...GTC R211 KADBO...
...ADNAP OTR5 ONION Y808 SPEAR Y809 KAGIS...
...NODAN R217 SDE...
...OATIS OTR3 GOC...
...ADNIP OTR5 PABBA OTR4 GOC...
...AVBET OTR11 KAGIS...
(for NOPAC route, Pacific Ocean)
...KAGIS Y809 SPEAR Y808 PEXEL...
...KAGIS Y809 SPEAR Y808 ONION OTR5 ADNAP/KALNA...
...KAGIS Y809 SPEAR Y808 ONION OTR5 ADNAP OTR7 EMRON...
...SDE Y512 OATIS OTR3 PUTER...
...GOC OTR4 PABBA...
...GOC OTR3 PUTER...
...CVC OTR11 AVBET...
...MJE A590 PUTER...
...MJE A590 PABBA OTR5 ADNIP...
NOTES:
NOTE 1: In case where NDB airways and VOR airways overlap and their uses are not specified,
VOR equipped aircraft should file VOR airways.
NOTE 2: RNAV capable aircraft should file RNAV routes.
NOTE 3: RNAV capable aircraft should flight plan CDR routes when CDR routes are available.
NOTE 4: “;” means the routes of flight connects to the following “~” routes.
PACIFIC
PACIFIC FLIGHT PLAN/PREFERRED ROUTES
THE NOPAC ROUTE SYSTEM

a. GENERAL
NOPAC traffic flows are predictable due to consumer demand, time zone differences, winds
aloft and airport noise restrictions, Eastbound air traffic is heavy between 0700Z and 2100Z,
Westbound air traffic is heavy between 1200Z and 1900Z, and between 2200Z and 0700Z.
When the NOPAC Route System is selected as the preferred routing due to winds aloft,
route saturation can occur. The most critical altitudes are flight levels 310 through 390. The
lack of available preferred altitudes may necessitate destination decisions due to the vast
route lengths involved.
b. NOPAC SYSTEM
The NOPAC Route System is comprised of five (5) Air Traffic Service (ATS) routes which
transit the North Pacific between Alaska and Japan. The two (2) northern routes are used for
westbound traffic. The three (3) southern routes are used primarily for eastbound traffic
except that R591 or G344 may be used for westbound aircraft crossing the Fukuoka/Anchor-
age Flight Information Region (FIR) boundary between 0000Z and 0600Z.
c. ROUTES
R220: One-Way Westbound, Even Altitudes FL180 to FL400, also FL330, FL350, FL370,
FL390, FL410
R580: One-Way Westbound, Even Altitudes FL180 to FL400, also FL350, FL370, FL390,
FL410
A590: One-Way Eastbound, Odd Altitudes FL190 to FL410, also FL300, FL320, FL340
R591: Two-Way; Odd Altitudes Eastbound, Even Altitudes FL300 to FL400 Westbound. Also
FL300, FL320 and FL340 available Eastbound when route is part or published Eastbound
PACOTS and FL350, FL370 and FL390 available Westbound when route is part of published
Westbound PACOTS.
G344: Two-Way, Odd Altitudes Eastbound, Even Altitudes FL300 to FL400 Westbound. Also
FL300, FL320 and FL340 available Eastbound when route is part of published Eastbound
PACOTS and FL350, FL370 and FL390 available Westbound when route is part of published
Westbound PACOTS.
NOTE: Radial/DME cross checks are available as follows:
for NATES on R220: SYA 329R/152DME
for ONEIL on R580: SYA 329R/102DME
for PINSO on A590: SYA 329R/052DME
for CHIPT on G344: SYA 148R/100DME
d. TRANSITION ROUTES
Within the Fukuoka FIR, Oceanic Transition Routes (OTRs) and, in one case, a Victor route,
have been established for aircraft transitioning to or from the NOPAC Route System. Within
PACIFIC
the Anchorage FIR, certain ATS routes are used for the same purpose. These routes
include: G583, B327, B327 (For westbound use only between BAMOK and SELDM), R341,
G469, A342, G215, R330, R451, R336, R338, G349 (For westbound use only).
e. NOPAC REROUTES
Aircraft cannot always be accommodated on their flight planned NOPAC route. In an effort to
reduce both coordination time and coordination errors, JCAB (Fukuoka ATMC) and FAA
(Anchorage ARTCC) have agreed on a common procedure to accommodate most reroutes.
Aircraft rerouted from one NOPAC ATC route to another NOPAC ATC route will be given
short range clearances into the adjoining FIR's RADAR coverage airspace. The receiving
ATC facility will then issue further routing to the aircraft prior to the aircraft reaching the
clearance limit. Example 1: aircraft ABC101 is routed via R220 to RJTT but can not be
accommodated on R220. The aircraft may be re-cleared as follows: “ABC101 cleared to
OATIS via R580, expect further clearance from ATMC after OMOTO.” Example 2: aircraft
ABC102 is routed via A590 to PAFA but can not be accommodated on A590. The aircraft
may be re-cleared as follows: “ABC102 cleared to SYA via R591, expect further routing from
Anchorage ARTCC after AKISU.”
FLIGHT PLANS AND PREFERRED ROUTES

a. Flight Plans
All operators planning IFR flight operations in the Anchorage Oceanic and Domestic Flight
Information Regions west of 165° west longitude and south of 63° north latitude must file
flight plans with both PAZAZQZX and PAZNZQZX. Failure to file with both system addresses
may result in delay of ATC services.
Aircraft shall enter “W” in item 10 of the ICAO flight plan if the aircraft and operator have
been approved for RVSM operations, in accordance with ICAO Doc 4444. Aircraft not
approved for RVSM operations shall not enter “W” in item 10.
Aircraft shall enter “R” in item 10 of the ICAO flight plan if the aircraft and operator have been
approved for RNP operations in accordance with ICAO Doc 4444 for the route of flight. Air-
craft not approved for RNP operations shall not enter “R” in item 10.
All aircraft flight planned to cross the Anchorage/Fukuoka FIR shall be established on a
NOPAC route prior to the FIR. Aircraft operating beneath the NOPAC (at or below 17,000
MSL may flight plan via random routes. To provide Control Centers with information on inten-
ded route of flight, all operators are requested to include the following data in the route defi-
nition portion of random flight plans involving flight in the Pacific Flight Information Regions
under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration.
1. Coordinates of all turning points
2. Names, where applicable, or coordinates of points associated with transition from oce-
anic control areas to airways or areas where national procedures apply
3. Names of airways or descriptions of routes within such national airspace
PACIFIC
4. Coordinates for each 5° or 10° of latitude, or for each 5° or 10° of longitude, depending
on the predominant direction of flight. 10° increments should only be used when the
speed of the aircraft is such that 10° will be traversed within 1 hour 20 minutes.
Operators in the NOPAC Route System are reminded that flight plans must be filed in
accordance with ICAO procedures and formats. This will allow for automatic flight data pro-
cessing at oceanic control centers and oceanic radio stations along the route.
Flights originating outside of Anchorage or Tokyo regions and entering oceanic airspace
without intermediate stops should submit flight plans as early as possible.
In addition to the normal requirement of addressing the flight plan to all control centers en
route, associated oceanic radio stations should also be addressed. This will provide those
stations with information such as flight identification, SELCAL, aircraft registration, destina-
tion, and ETA, which is necessary to handle the traffic. A properly addressed flight plan, for-
mulated in accordance with ICAO standards, will be processed automatically by oceanic
centers.
When flight planning via transition tracks and/or ATS routes, list the point of entry, followed
by the route designator, and finally the point of exit, e.g., KATCH – B327 – NULUK – R220 –
NANAC.
To minimize flight crew and controller workload, information should be carried for routes
other than the one being flown. This material should include route data, reporting points, fuel
burn, winds aloft, time enroute, etc., for those routes compatible with the direction of flight.
Data for routes R591 and G344 should also be carried regardless of the direction of flight as
they are used for both eastbound and westbound traffic. Carrying this information will avoid
unnecessary delays in the event a route or flight level other than that filed in the original flight
plan is assigned by ATC. Readily available material will facilitate timely crew decisions as to
their preference of alternate routes or altitudes.
b. Preferred Routes
Anchorage ARTCC will periodically issue International NOTAMs specifying the preferential
routes to be flown within the Anchorage FIR. Each NOTAM will individually denote, during
specified time periods, either the westbound or eastbound tracks. Flights filed contrary to
these NOTAMs or preferred routes may expect reroutes, sequencing delays, and/or severe
altitude restrictions for same direction, crossing, or opposite direction traffic.
Aircraft must have RVSM and RNP 10 approval from the appropriate State authority to oper-
ate in the NOPAC between FL290 and FL410 inclusive.
WESTBOUND
a. Aircraft entering the NOPAC Route System may use:
1. R220 at all times utilizing even cardinal altitudes from FL180 to FL400 and FL330,
FL350, FL370, FL390, FL410. Above FL410, altitudes will be assigned as per ICAO
Annex 2, Appendix 3b.
(a) Flights departing PANC or PAED shall flight plan NODLE thence R220.
PACIFIC
(b) Flights departing from all other airports within the Anchorage FIR and fIights cross-
ing the Edmonton/Anchorage FIR shall flight plan: OME R338 NATES R220, ENM
direct NOLTI (or any route which will keep the aircraft south of ENM and north of
NOSHO until joining R220 at NOLTI), or NEONN (or any fix east of NEONN on
R220) thence R220.
(c) Flights crossing the Vancouver/Anchorage FIR or the Oakland/Anchorage FIR
shall flight plan one of the following: NOLTl (or any fix east of NOLTI on R220)
thence R220, or ONEOX B327 NULUK R220 or via the daily Westbound PACOTS
Track message.
(d) Flights utilizing R338 NATES R220, between 2200Z and 0300Z shall be able
FL370 by 100 NM southwest of OME. Flights unable to meet this restriction shall
advise ATC as soon as possible for a reroute to R220 due to crossing non-radar
traffic.
2. R580 at all times utilizing even cardinal altitudes from FL180 to FL400 and FL350 and
FL370 with the following guidelines:
(a) Aircraft departing PANC or PAED shall flight plan NODLE R220 NICHO thence
R580.
(b) As specified in the daily westbound PACOTS track message.
(c) Flight plan route ORVlL (or any fix cast of ORVlL on R580) thence R580.
3. R591 utilizing even cardinal altitudes from FL300 to FL400 with the following guidelines:
(a) As specified in the daily Westbound PACOTS track message.
(b) Must cross AKISU between 0000Z and 0600Z.
4. G344 utilizing even cardinal altitudes from FL300 to FL400 with the following guidelines:
(a) As specified in the daily Westbound PACOTS track message.
(b) Must cross CUTEE between 0000Z and 0600Z.
(c) When R591 is designated as a Westbound PACOTS track, but G344 is not, G344
will be available eastbound at and below FL290 only, between 2200Z and 0600Z.
b. Due to route crossing in a non-radar environment, westbound arrivals destined for RJCC
(Sapporo/New Chitose), RJCH (Kakodate), or RJSM (Misawa), as well as other westbound
aircraft leaving the NOPAC Route System via V51, must file via R220.
EASTBOUND
a. Aircraft transitioning the NOPAC Route System eastbound to North America or Europe may
use:
1. A590 at all times utilizing odd cardinal altitudes from FL190 to FL410 and FL300, FL320
and FL340. Above FL410, altitudes will be assigned as per ICAO Annex 2, Appendix
3b.
PACIFIC
2. R591 at all times unless it has been designated as a Westbound PACOTS track. R591
is then available eastbound between 0900Z and 2100Z. Odd cardinal altitudes FL190
and FL410 are utilized. Above FL410, altitudes are assigned as per ICAO Annex 2,
Appendix 3b.
3. G344 at all times unless it or R591 has been designated a Westbound PACOTS track.
G344 is available eastbound from 0900Z to 2100Z only, if It has been designated a
Westbound PACOTS track. When R591 is designated a westbound PACOTS track but
G344 is not, G344 will be available eastbound at and below FL290 only, between
2200Z and 0600Z.
TWO-WAY ROUTES
(check the North America-Japan PACOTS Track Message for daily route usage):
a. R591 may be used as a westbound track for flights crossing AKISU between 0000Z and
0600Z when designated as a Westbound PACOTS track. R591 is closed to all traffic from
2101Z to 2359Z and from 0601Z to 0859Z when designated as a Westbound PACOTS track.
b. G344 may be used as a westbound track for flights crossing CUTEE between 0000Z and
0600Z when designated as a Westbound PACOTS track. G344 is closed to all traffic from
2101Z to 2359Z and from 0601Z to 0859Z when designated as a Westbound PACOTS track.
G344 is closed to eastbound traffic at or above FL310 from 2000Z to 0600Z when R591 is
designated as a Westbound PACOTS track.
RESTRICTIONS
a. An aircraft must not transition from one NOPAC Route to another except under the following
conditions:
1. The aircraft is on a published PACOTS track or,
2. The aircraft is abeam or east of SPY.
b. An aircraft flying a published eastbound PACOTS track must not diverge from that PACOTS
track until it is abeam or east of SPY.
c. An aircraft transitioning the NOPAC during the Eastbound PACOTS period, not participating
in the PACOTS, must remain on or north of the northern-most PACOTS track.
PACIFIC
PACIFIC ORGANIZED TRACK SYSTEM (PACOTS) GUIDELINES

To efficiently use airspace over Pacific Ocean, the Pacific Organized Track System (PACOTS)
between Japan and North America/Hawaii, and between North America and Southeast Asia has
been established.
PACOTS consists of flexible tracks established on a daily basis between gateways of Japan and
gateways near North America West Coast/Hawaii and Oceanic Transition Routes (OTRs), etc.
GENERAL INFORMATION
a. Geographical boundary. PACOTS tracks may be established within the Oakland, Tokyo,
Naha, Manila, Anchorage, Tahiti, Auckland, Nadi, Port Moresby, and Brisbane FIRs.
b. Track Definition Message (TDM). Oakland ARTCC is using the TDM format for PACOTS
tracks. Questions regarding published PACOTS tracks should be directed to:
Oakland ARTCC Traffic Management Unit (TMU)
Tel: (510) 745-3771
c. Number and Designator of PACOTS tracks. Oakland ARTCC or Japan Air Traffic Flow
Management (ATFMC) may develop more or fewer tracks according to user needs, military
activity, significant weather, or other limitations.
Hawaii to Japan A&B

Japan to Hawaii 11 & 12
North America to Japan C, D, E, F & G
Japan to North America 1, 2, 3 & 4
Dallas Ft. Worth to Japan M
Japan to Dallas Ft. Worth 8
North America to Hong Kong/Taipei H, I, J & K
Hong Kong / Taipei to San Francisco 14
Hong Kong / Taipei to Los Angeles 15
The following PACOTS are on request only:
California to Australia/New Zealand W&X
Australia/New Zealand to California 20 & 21
North America to Manila L
NOTE: To be included in the TDM list for tracks W, X, 20, 21 and
L call (510) 745-3450.
PACIFIC
The following track designators are used when Dynamic Aircraft Route Planning (DARP) testing
are used:
California to Australia/New Zealand (DARPS) Y&Z
d. Usable Flight Levels. All IFR flight levels at or above FL290, except the Westbound North
America-Japan PACOTS which also includes FL280 in the Oakland Oceanic FIR. The West-
bound North America-Japan PACOTS are included in the Track Advisory Program. Certain
restrictions may apply for non-PACOTS traffic operating in the opposite direction to the pub-
lished PACOTS system.
e. City Pair Tracks. Where ATC has identified a requirement for flight planning restrictions on
a particular city pair, these restrictions will be published by Class I NOTAM or as part of the
daily track message. Users crossing 165-east longitude between 0930-1230 UTC will file
eastbound PACOTS Track 2 (or 4 when published) to KSFO and Track 3 (or 4 when pub-
lished) to KLAX.
f. Lateral spacing of tracks. Tracks are established at least 50 nautical miles apart. Tracks
are defined using latitude/longitude expressed in whole degrees or named fixes with the
exception of FIR crossing points.
g. Flight Planning. The following flight planning restrictions and rules only apply within the
oceanic control areas of the respective FIRs. Furthermore, these restrictions do not affect
aircraft filing on ATS routes in the Central East Pacific (CEP) route system or the North
Pacific (NOPAC) Composite Route System unless individual routes within these systems are
specifically identified as unusable in NOTAMs.
1. Participating Aircraft.
(a) Aircraft requesting altitudes at or above FL280 may file via route notified in the
daily NOTAM or track message.
(b) Aircraft may file to leave or join an outer PACOTS track at any reporting point. Air-
craft leaving an outer track should file routes that diverge, within 10 degrees of lon-
gitude, to at least 50 NM from the nearest PACOTS track. Flight level assignment
for aircraft joining an outer track will be based on traffic.
2. Nonparticipating aircraft.
(a) Random routes under the PACOTS at FL270 and below are permitted, unless pro-
hibited by NOTAM.
h. ATC Procedures.
1. For flight planning and initial clearances, crossing between PACOTS tracks at FL280
and above will not be permitted. Once established on the PACOTS track, changes may
be approved as traffic permits.
2. Aircraft should not expect to climb into the PACOTS unless filed on a route correspond-
ing to a PACOTS track. In this case, climb into the PACOTS will be approved as traffic
permits.
PACIFIC
3. The minimum longitudinal separation between aircraft crossing the Tokyo FIR boundary
on the same track at the same flight level will be 10 minutes using Mach number techni-
que.
i. Position Reporting. Within the Oakland and Anchorage oceanic control areas position
reports shall be made using latitude/longitude coordinates or named fixes as specified in the
track definition messages (TDM). Position reports shall comprise information on present
position, estimated next position, and ensuing position in accordance with ICAO Doc
7030/PAC procedures. Reporting points of reference not specified in the TDM and/or round-
ing off geographical coordinates is prohibited.
EASTBOUND JAPAN-HAWAII PACOTS

a. Time Frame. Effective daily 1000-2100 UTC for aircraft crossing 160-east longitude between
1200 and 1600 UTC.
b. Preparation of Japan-Hawaii PACOTS. Japan Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFMC) will
complete at or before 2200 UTC daily preparation of the selected PACOTS tracks. The
ATFMC will coordinate the tracks with Oakland ARTCC. The Japan-Hawaii PACOTS will be
comprised of one or two tracks. When two tracks are used, they will be separated by at least
50 NM laterally within the airspace between the Tokyo and Honolulu gateways. The North
track will be designated as Track 11 and the south track as Track 12. When military airspace
is active, the North track will include a restriction requiring aircraft to cross a designated fix,
at or before a specified time. This will allow aircraft to clear the military airspace before acti-
vation. In some instances a single track may be required, which will be designated as Track
11.
c. Notification of Japan-Hawaii PACOTS. Notification of the geographical coordinates of
Track 11 and Track 12 will be transmitted by TDM and NOTAM at approximately 2200 UTC
daily by Japan ATFMC.
d. Flight Planning. Participating eastbound aircraft departing from or traversing Central West
Japan and crossing 160 east longitude between 1200 UTC and 1600 UTC should flight plan
as described in the daily TDM and NOTAM.
WESTBOUND HAWAII-JAPAN PACOTS

a. Time Frame. Effective daily 1900-0800 UTC for aircraft crossing 160-east longitude between
2300 and 0600 UTC.
b. Preparation of the Hawaii-Japan PACOTS. Preparation of the geographical coordinates of
the Hawaii-Japan selected PACOTS tracks will be made daily by Oakland ARTCC. Normally,
two tracks will be developed. The northernmost PACOTS track is designated “A” and the
southernmost PACOTS track is designated “B”. A third weather avoidance track may be
developed if necessary.
c. Notification of the Hawaii-Japan PACOTS. Notification of the geographical coordinates of
the selected PACOTS tracks will be transmitted by TDM and NOTAM at approximately 1100
UTC daily by Oakland ARTCC.
PACIFIC
d. Flight Planning. Participating westbound aircraft departing Hawaii to Japan and crossing
160 east longitude between 2300 UTC and 0600 UTC should flight plan as described in the
daily TDM and NOTAM.
EASTBOUND JAPAN-NORTH AMERICA PACOTS

a. Time Frame. Effective daily from 0700 UTC to 2300 UTC; applies to traffic crossing 160 east
longitude between 0900 UTC and 1600 UTC.
b. Preparation of Japan-North America PACOTS. Preparation of selected PACOTS Tracks
will be completed daily by Japan ATFMC. Normally two tracks from Japan to California and
one track from Japan to the Pacific Northwest will be developed.
c. Notification of the Japan-North America PACOTS. Notification of the geographical coordi-
nates of the selected PACOTS tracks will be transmitted by TDM and NOTAM at approxi-
mately 2200 UTC daily by Japan ATFMC. Number will designate tracks with the northern-
most being referred to as TRACK 1.
d. Flight Planning. Participating aircraft from or over Japan to North America and crossing
160-east longitude between 0900 UTC and 1600 UTC should flight plan as follows:
1. As described in the daily TDM and NOTAM.
2. Portions of G344 and R591 may be included as a PACOTS track. When operating on
G344 and R591, NOPAC procedures apply.
WESTBOUND NORTH AMERICA-JAPAN PACOTS

a. Time Frame.
1. Effective daily from 1900 UTC to 0800 UTC. Required for traffic crossing 160 east longi-
tude between 0200 UTC and 0600 UTC.
2. The Westbound TDM or NOTAM identifies tracks subject to Track Advisory procedures
for aircraft entering the tracks between 1900 UTC and 0100 UTC. Aircraft participating
in Track Advisory procedures receive priority over nonparticipating aircraft. See TRACK
ADVISORY PROCEDURES section.
b. Preparation of Westbound PACOTS Routes. Preparation of selected PACOTS will be
completed daily by Oakland ARTCC. Normally two tracks from California and one or two
tracks from the Pacific Northwest into the Tokyo FIR will be developed. Tracks are to be des-
ignated alphabetically with the letters “C” and “D” designating the tracks from the Pacific
Northwest (letters A and B are reserved for Westbound Hawaii-Japan PACOTS). The tracks
from California will be designated “E”, “F” and “G”.
c. Notification of Tracks. Notification of selected PACOTS tracks will be transmitted by TDM
and NOTAM at approximately 1100 UTC daily by Oakland ARTCC. The number of tracks
each day will be determined by the position of the jetstream.
d. Flight Planning. Participating aircraft flying from North America to the Tokyo FIR and cross-
ing 160 east longitude between 0200 UTC and 0600 UTC should flight plan as follows:
PACIFIC

2. Aircraft using NOPAC Route R591 and G344 should to comply with the applicable time
restrictions as follows:
R591 cross AKISU at or before 6000 UTC;
G344 cross CUTEE at or before 0600 UTC.
3. Aircraft may request revised NOPAC routing from Anchorage Center once established
within their radar/VHF coverage area.
CALIFORNIA-AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND PACOTS

a. Time Frame. As indicated in the daily Track Message.
b. Preparation of California-Australia/New Zealand PACOTS Routes. Preparation of selec-
ted PACOTS tracks will be completed daily by Oakland ARTCC. Normally six tracks are gen-
erated daily, Track X KLAX to NZAA, Track W KLAX to YSSY, DARPS Track Y KLAX to
NZAA, DARPS Track Z KLAX to YSSY, Track 21 NZAA to KLAX, and Track 20 YSSY to
KLAX.
NOTE: These PACOTS are only published to users wishing to receive daily TDM messages.
To be added to the receiving list contact Oakland Center at (510) 745-3320.
c. Notification of Tracks. Notification of selected PACOTS tracks will be transmitted by Track
Message before 0000 UTC daily by Oakland ARTCC.
d. Flight Planning. Participating aircraft flying both directions between KLAX and the South
Pacific and crossing 160 west longitude between 0700 UTC and 1800 UTC should flight plan
as described in the TDM and NOTAM.
WESTBOUND NORTH AMERICA-TAIPEI, HONG KONG AND MANILA PACOTS

The westbound PACOTS were expanded to include destinations of Taipei, Hong Kong, and
Manila. Westbound PACOTS tracks serving these destinations are published twice daily.
a. Time Frame. As indicated in the daily track messages NOTAM.
b. Preparation of North America-Taipei, Hong Kong and Manila PACOTS. Oakland ARTCC
will complete preparation of selected PACOTS serving Taipei and Hong Kong twice daily.
Normally two tracks will be developed. Tracks are to be designated alphabetically with the
letters “H”, “T”, “J” and “K”. Preparation of a single PACOTS serving Manila will be published
as needed and identified by the letter “L”.
c. Notification of Tracks. Notification of PACOTS “H” and “I” will be transmitted by TDM and
NOTAM at approximately 1100 UTC. Notification of PACOTS “J”, “K”, and “L” will be by TDM
and NOTAM at approximately 0000 UTC.
d. Flight Planning. Participating aircraft flying between North America and Taipei, Hong Kong
and Manila should flight plan as follows:
PACIFIC
2. Participating aircraft departing from California between 0500 UTC and 1200 UTC with
destinations of Taipei. Hong Kong or Manila should file PACOTS tracks “J”, “K”, or “L”.
TRACK ADVISORY PROCEDURES

Track Advisory consists of Oakland ARTCC Traffic Management Unit (TMU) publishing West-
bound PACOTS tracks and users submitting their requested departure time with associated pre-
ferred routes and altitudes. This is followed by Oakland ARTCC TMU assigning user-requested
flights to the tracks in a manner that effects efficient utilization of airspace. Oakland ARTCC TMU
then publishes a Gateway Reservation List (GRL) that contains oceanic release times, and asso-
ciated route and altitude assignments. Dispatcher user guides for Track Advisory may be
obtained from the Oakland ARTCC TMU office during administrative hours, telephone (510)
745-3450.
a. The Westbound PACOTS NOTAM identifies tracks subject to Track Advisory procedures for
aircraft entering the tracks between 1900 UTC and 0100 UTC. Aircraft participating in Track
Advisory procedures receive priority over nonparticipating aircraft. Users who are unable to
comply with time constraints will be accommodated to the extent feasible.
b. CONVENTIONS
1. Pilots who determine their assigned departure times cannot be met, are required to
coordinate immediately with their dispatcher for an acceptable alternative.
2. Pilots are allowed a 10 minute departure window. The window begins at the assigned
take off time and ends 10 minutes later.
3. Longitudinal separation is applied at the PACOTS entry fix. Aircraft not over the entry fix
within 10 minutes after the entry fix time may not receive their initial reserved enroute
altitude.
4. The track advisory program will only accept right way cardinal altitudes at or above
FL280, FL300, FL320, FL340 and FL360.
PACIFIC
SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR-SSR
RADAR BEACON ASSIGNMENT TO MODE 3/A CODED BEACON TRANSPONDER EQUIP-

PED AIRCRAFT
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

a. Aircraft equipped with Mode C shall “squawk altimeter” when operating transponder on Mode
3/A.
b. After selection of the Mode/Code specified by ATC the transponder should be adjusted to
the “ON” (or normal operating) position as late as practicable prior to take-off and to “OFF” or
“STANDBY” as soon as practicable after completing the landing roll.
c. Select or reselect Modes/Codes only as directed by ATC, except in case of:
– unlawful interference
(hijacked) — squawk 7500*
– communication failure — squawk 7600*
– emergency — squawk 7700*
* Caution! Squawking of 75..; 76..; 77.. plus any third and fourth figures will also activate
alarm system at ground station.
d. Squawk 2000 when entering a FIR/UIR from an adjacent region where operation of a trans-
ponder has not been required or assigned.
STANDARD TRANSPONDER FAILURE PROCEDURES

a. After Departure
1. ATC units will endeavor to provide for flight to continue in accordance with flight plan.
2. After landing pilots shall make every effort to have transponder restored to normal oper-
ation.
b. Before Intended Departure
If transponder cannot be restored:
1. Inform ATC, preferably before filing flight plan.
2. Plan to fly by most direct route to nearest suitable airport where repair can be effected,
and
3. Insert appropriate code in item 10 of ICAO flight plan.
General compliance with and additions to the above standard operating procedures or standard
transponder failure procedures are as listed below.
AUSTRALIA (All FIRs)

Standard operating procedures with the following additions:
PACIFIC
a. Except as indicated below, ATS will assign a temporary discrete code for each flight sector
for aircraft operating in controlled airspace, and for aircraft participating in Surveillance Infor-
mation Service (SIS).
b. Unless advised otherwise by ATC, pilots of Mode 3A or Mode S transponder equipped air-
craft operating in Australian airspace must activate their transponders, and where a Mode C
capability is also available it must be activated simultaneously with Mode 3A.
NOTE: Pilots must ensure that transponders and ADS–B transmitters are activated and the
altitude function is selected as:
a. Primary radar coverage only exists within 50 NM of major airports and the remainder of
the ATS surveillance system relies on SSR transponder and ADS–B transmitter infor-
mation, and
b. TCAS relies on transponder information for its pilot alerting and collision avoidance
functions.
c. When operating in Australian airspace, or on reaching the Australian FIR boundary if
inbound to Australia, pilots of Mode 3A transponder equipped aircraft must squawk the
assigned temporary discrete code for that flight sector, or if not assigned a temporary dis-
crete code, the appropriate non-discrete code from the following listing, unless advised oth-
erwise by ATS:
1. Civil flights in classes “A”, “C” and “D” airspace, or IFR flights in Class “E” airspace—
3000.
2. Civil IFR flights in Class “G” airspace—2000.
3. Civil VFR flights in classes “E” or “G” airspace—1200.
4. Military flights in classes “A”, “C”, “D” or “E” airspace—5000.
5. Military flights in Class “G” airspace—6000.
6. Civil flights not involved in special operations or SAR, operating in Class “G” airspace
in excess of 15 NM offshore—4000.
7. Civil flights engaged in littoral surveillance—7615.
8. Ground testing by aircraft maintenance staff—2100.
9. Flights operating at aerodromes (in lieu of 1., 2., or 3. when assigned by ATC)—0100.
d. Pilots of flights which will require a SIS and/or a clearance into controlled airspace, and for
which a discrete code has already been coordinated, must select that code immediately
prior to making their SIS/clearance request.
e. A pilot must not operate the identification function (SPI) unless requested by ATC.
f. Flights assigned a temporary discrete SSR code by ATS must squawk that code until termi-
nation of the flight sector, unless advised otherwise by ATS. If not assigned a discrete code,
the appropriate generic code must be used.
g. A pilot operating a Mode 3A/C transponder at a radar controlled aerodrome must:
PACIFIC
1. On departure, leave the transponder selected to STANDBY until entering the departure
runway; and
2. On arrival, select the transponder to STANDBY or OFF as soon as practicable after
landing.
h. A pilot operating a Mode S transponder at a radar controlled aerodrome must:
1. On receipt of ATC clearance, or requesting the earlier of Push Back or Taxi, select
TA/RA/XPDR/ON AUTO as applicable to support ASMGCS operations. For aircraft that
are capable of reporting Aircraft Identification (i.e. callsign used in flight), the Aircraft’s
Identification should also be entered through the FMS or Control Panel. The ICAO
defined format for entry of the Aircraft Identification shall be used except that VH is not
required for domestic operations when not entered on flight Plan. (e.g. VOX123,
REX638, QFA737, VHQFO, FDA...)
2. Select TA/RA during taxi or prior to take-off if not already selected previously.
NOTE: Australia does not require TA/RA to be de-selected while aircraft is on ground.
3. After vacating the runway, select XPDR/AUTO/ALT ON as required to support
ASMGCS operations.
4. When parked and shutting down engines, select STANDBY.
5. For Mode S equipped aircraft taxiing without flight plan, Mode A code 0100 should be
selected.
i. Pilots must select the transponder to STANDBY before effecting an SSR code change and
returning the transponder to ON/ALT.
NOTE: This action is required to prevent possible loss of displayed aircraft position/label
information and possible misidentification of aircraft in automated Australian ATC systems
due to temporary selection (while effecting the change) of a code already in use.
j. When acknowledging code setting instructions or changes to settings, the pilot must read
back the code to be set.
SPECIAL PROVISIONS OUTBOUND: INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS

a. Australia participates in an ICAO SSR code assignment plan for international aircraft which
requires a four digit code to be assigned by the appropriate ATC unit at the beginning of the
flight. The object of the plan is to ensure that, as far as is possible, international aircraft will
use one code from departure to destination.
b. To facilitate harmonization with the air traffic management systems used in the FIRs of adja-
cent ICAO States (other than the Mauritius FIR), ATC will allocate civil international flights a
discrete code from Australia’s ICAO international reservation for use from the time of the
their departure.
c. Unless instructed otherwise by ATS, pilots of military international flights are required to set
code 5000 before departure from an Australian airport.
PACIFIC
No published Transponder failure procedures.
BRUNEI
Standard operating procedures
FRENCH POLYNESIA
a. It is mandatory that all users of the French Polynesia area display, for the duration of their
flight time, the following SQUAWK numbers in the A+C modes.
VFR — A+C 7000
IFR — A+C 2000
HONG KONG
a. All aircraft flying in controlled airspace within the Hong Kong FIR, on an IFR flight plan, are
required to carry Mode 3/A (4096 codes) and Mode C transponders.
b. Pilots of aircraft inbound to Hong Kong, unless otherwise instructed by the appropriate ATS
unit, shall operate transponders within the Hong Kong FIR on the SSR code last assigned to
them by an ATS unit or, if no code has been previously assigned, transpond on Code 5200
and to transpond on Mode C.
c. Pilots of aircraft inbound to Hong Kong are requested to comply with transponder procedures
above when within 300 NM of Hong Kong although they may still be outside of the Hong
Kong FIR.
d. Aircraft operating in the Hong Kong FIR can expect to be assigned Codes as follows:
– Departing traffic Codes 3501-3577

Codes 5301-5377
– Arriving traffic Codes 5201-5277
– Overflying traffic Codes 3501-3577
Codes 5301-5377
– Diverting traffic from Hong Kong Codes 3501-3577
Codes 5301-5377
INDONESIA (All FIRs)

PACIFIC
JAPAN (All FIRs)

a. While flying under VFR
1. Below 10,000’ — squawk 1200
2. 10,000’ or above — squawk 1400
VFR aircraft equipped with 4096 code transponder and squawking code 1200 or 1400 may
be instructed to change the code for the benefit of radar control service.
IFR aircraft entering radar controlled airspace out of non-radar controlled airspace without
code instruction by ATC squawk 2000
NOTE: It is preferable that code 2000 be selected before the aircraft enters radar controlled
airspace or before the aircraft establishes radio communications with the radar facility.
Standard Transponder failure procedures
KOREA (Incheon FIR)

MALAYSIA (Kuala Lumpur, Kota Kinabalu FIRs)

a. All aircraft flying within controlled airspace in the Kuala Lumpur FIR, and Kota Kinabalu FIR,
shall be equipped with SSR transponders complying with ICAO standards having both Mode
3/A and Mode C.
b. The following discrete Mode A codes will be assigned to flights on a routine basis:
Kuala Lumpur FIR

– International squawk 2100-2177
2600-2677
5400-5477
– Domestic squawk 0300-0377
3000-3077
3400-3477
4000-4077
5100-5177
PACIFIC
Kota Kinabalu FIR

– International squawk 2001-2077
0400-0477
– Domestic squawk 0500-0577
3100-3177
5200-5277
MYANMAR (Yangon FIR)

All aircraft flying within Yangon FIR are required to operate their transponders in accordance with
ATC instruction. Pilots shall also transpond on Mode C.
Inbound aircraft (Domestic) shall operate the transponder on the code last assigned by the appro-
priate ATS units or if no code has been previously assigned to transpond on A2000 and Mode C.
IFR, VFR flights operating in Yangon FIR and Mandalay Approach control can expect to be
assigned SSR Code as follows:
Yangon Area Control Center

– International A7401-A7407
– Arrival/Departure A7410-A7417
Sector I
– overfllight A7460-A7467
– Domestic departure A3410-A3417
A3420-A3427
– Domestic arrival A3430-A3437
Sector II
A7430-A7437
A7440-A7444
– VFR flights A3450-A3453
– VIP flights A3454-A3457
PACIFIC
Yangon Area Control Center

Mandalay approach control
– Arrival/Departure
NEW ZEALAND (All FIRs)

a. All transponder equipped aircraft are requested to squawk on all flights.
b. IFR aircraft which have not received ATC clearance squawk 2000.
c. Unless a specific transponder setting has been issued by an ATS unit, aircraft flying in the
Auckland Oceanic FIR squawk 2000.
d. Gliders are requested to squawk 1000.
e. Transponder Mandatory Airspace: Flights will not be permitted to enter transponder manda-
tory airspace without a fully operative transponder.
The following airspace is designated transponder mandatory:
1. Auckland UTA/C, TMA/C and CTR/C
2. Auckland CTAs/E except that portion east of a 10 NM east of the Whakatane - Taupo
track
3. Whenuapai CTR/D
4. Rotorua TMA/D
5. Hamilton TMA/D
6. Ohakea UTA/C, TMA/C, CTR/C and CTA/E
7. Wellington TMA/C and CTR/C
8. Christchurch UTA/C, TMA/C and CTR/C
9. Christchurch CTAs/E except that portion south of a line 10 NM south of the Mount
Mary-Oamaru track
f. Secondary Surveillance Radar Code Allocation Plan
INTERNATIONAL
– Auckland 0200-0253
– Christchurch 0254-0265
PACIFIC
INTERNATIONAL
– Ohakea 0266-0277
IFR
Air Transport/Gen Aviation
– Ohakea 5600-5777
Other (Excluding Military)
– Ohakea 0366-0377
SPECIFIC MANUAL ALLOCATION BY ATC SECTOR

IFR
Within Auckland Oceanic FIR:
– departing New Zealand FIR Assigned Code
– inbound to New Zealand FIR or overflights Assigned Code or 2000
Within New Zealand FIR Assigned Code or 2000
VFR
– Civil Airplanes other than gliders 1200
– Civil Helicopters 1500
– Gliders and Balloons 1300
– Aircraft in General Aviation areas 1400
– Fire suppression & reconnaissance (fixed wing & 0111
helicopters)
– Within Auckland Oceanic FIR 2000
– Defence airplanes 6000
– Defence Helicopters 6500
g. Transponder Failure Procedures:

1. For partial failure, every effort will be made to allow the flight to continue with minimum
restrictions to its final destination and thereafter to an appropriate repair base.
PACIFIC
2. For complete failure, the flight is likely to experience some restrictions enroute to the ini-
tial destination, and may not be allowed to proceed to subsequent destinations via
transponder mandatory airspace until repairs are made. If repairs are not available at
the initial destination, special approval may be given for the flight to proceed via trans-
ponder mandatory airspace to an appropriate repair base.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA (Port Moresby FIR)

Aircraft are required to be fitted with a serviceable secondary radar (SSR) transponder of an
approved type, capable of Mode A and Mode C operation when operating in controlled airspace
within radar coverage.
NOTE: Mode C operation requires the provision of pressure altitude information to the trans-
ponder equipment. The VFR entry lanes operations do not require Mode C.
a. When instructed by ATC aircraft must activate their transponders and use one of the follow-
ing codes assigned by ATC when operating within the FIR.
– Domestic flights 0300-0377/0400-0477

– International flights 7400-7477
b. Where required, Mode C must be selected simultaneously with Mode 3A.

c. IFR aircraft engaged in international flights leaving Port Moresby FIR for another FIR shall be
assigned a transponder code allocated at the flight planning stage.
d. International aircraft that have transited Port Moresby FIR without landing shall be instructed
when leaving the FIR to revert to their original code; if for other reasons the original code had
been altered during flight within the Port Moresby FIR.
e. Aircraft departing Port Moresby aerodrome must leave the transponder selected to
STANDBY until entering the departure runway, and, on arrival, select STANDBY or OFF as
soon as practicable after landing.
PHILIPPINES (Manila FIR)

a. No civil aircraft except helicopters flying below 1000’ authorized within the Manila CTR
unless equipped with Mode 3/A Mode C transponder.
b. The following codes shall be used within the Manila FIR:
PACIFIC
International departures originating from the:

– Manila FIR 2700-2777
6500-6577
– International 0600-0677
– Domestic 4000-4077
4200-4277
Local Flights:
– Within Manila TMA 1000-1077
– Within Mactan TMA 0300-0377
– Within Subic TMA 1100-1177
SINGAPORE
a. All aircraft flying in controlled airspace in the Singapore FIR are required to operate SSR
transponders selecting Mode 3/A (4096 codes) and Mode C simultaneously.
b. Aircraft bound for Singapore shall transpond on the SSR code last assigned to them by the
adjacent FIR, or if no code has been previously assigned, advise the ATC unit concerned
who will provide the required code.
c. Aircraft operating in the Singapore FIR will be assigned codes as follows (except for those
aircraft already assigned codes by adjacent FIRs):
– International Flight 0100-0177

2200-2277
– Domestic Flight 0001-0077
4200-4277
4300-4377
4600-4677
TAIWAN (Taipei FIR)

Unless otherwise authorized by the Civil Aeronautics Administration or Chinese Air Force, all air-
craft flying in the Taipei FIR are required to be equipped with an operable improved radar beacon
transponder having a combined Mode 3/A, 4096 code capability, and a Mode C automated alti-
tude reporting capability, or having a mode S transponder.
PACIFIC
GENERAL PROCEDURES
a. The pilot will be advised as soon as his aircraft has been radar identified and, if required,
furnished the observed position of his aircraft.
If the pilot does not concur with the reported position he shall immediately advise ATC.
b. Unless specifically instructed by ATC, pilots of aircraft under control shall omit position
reports. Resume normal position reporting when radar contact is lost or radar service is ter-
minated.
c. Radar vectors will be issued whenever deemed necessary or if an operational advantage
has been realized.
d. Unless otherwise authorized by ATC, pilots of aircraft shall execute turns immediately upon
receipt.
e. The following Radar Beacon Code assignments may be made to Mode A/3 code trans-
ponder-equipped aircraft.
– International DEP 2600/6200(40–77)

– Domestic DEP from RCTP, RCSS, RCMQ, RCMT, RCFG, RCPO 4300/4400/4500/4600
or RCGM airports
– Domestic DEP from RCBS, RCQC, RCCM or RCWA airports 2000/2100
– Domestic DEP from RCKU, RCKH, RCNN, RCKW, RCSQ, RCDC, 1000/1100
RCAY, RCSP or RCLM airports
– Domestic DEP from RCYU, RCCS, RCFN, RCQS, RCLY or RCGI 0300/1500
airports
– VFR flights below FL200 (inclusive) 0600
THAILAND (Bangkok FIR)

a. Pilots of aircraft entering the Bangkok FIR who have not received specific instructions from
ATC for transponder setting shall transpond code 3300 before entry and maintain 3300 until
otherwise instructed.
b. Inbound aircraft (Domestic) shall transpond on the code last assigned to them by the appro-
priate ATS unit. If no code has been previously assigned transpond on 3300.
c. Aircraft operating in the Bangkok FIR can expect to be assigned codes as follows:
PACIFIC
Bangkok App Ctl A4200-A4207

A4250-A4257
U-Taphao App Ctl
– Domestic A4470-A4477
Chiang Mai / Lampang / Mae Hong Son
A4570-A4577
Hat Yai / Naratiwat / Pattani / Trang
Phuket / Krabi
Phitsanulok / Sukhothai
Samui / Surat Thani / Nakhon Si Thammarat
Ubon Ratchathani
Bangkok Area Control Center

Sector 1
– Domestic A3310-A3317 A4210-A4217 A7210-
A7217
– International A0700-A0707 A0710-A0717 A6110-
A6117
Sector 2
– Domestic A3320-A3327 A4220-A4227 A7220-
A7227
– International A6100-A6107 A6120-A6127 A6170-
A6177 A0720-A0727
PACIFIC
Bangkok Area Control Center

Sector 3
– Domestic A3330-A3337 A4230-A4237 A7230-
A7237
– International A0730-A0737 A6130-A6137
Sector 4
– Domestic A3340-A3347 A4240-A4247 A7240-
A7247
– International A0740-A0747 A6140-A6147
Sector 5
Sector 6
– Domestic A4260-A4267 A7260-A7267
Sector 7
– Domestic A4270-A4277 A7270-A7277
VFR Flights
Supreme Command Headquarters A1000-A1037
Police A1040-A1077
Royal Thai Army A1100-A1177
Royal Thai Navy A1200-A1277
Royal Thai Air Force A1300-A1377
A1400-A1477
A4300-A4377
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives A4400-A4437
Department of Aviation A4500-A4527
Civil Aviation Training Center A4440-A4467

PACIFIC
VIETNAM
a. All aircraft flying in Viet Nam controlled airspace in the radar coverage are required to oper-
ate SSR transponder selecting Mode A/3 and Mode C simultaneously.
b. Airport departing from airports in Ha Noi & Ho Chi Minh FIR shall operate transponder in
accordance with instructions given by ATC.
c. Inbound aircraft shall operate the transponder on the code last assigned to them by the adja-
cent ACC, or if no code has been previously assigned, advise the AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
unit concerned who will provide the required code.
d. Aircraft can expect to be assigned codes as follows:
Operating within Hochiminh FIR

– International 5500-5577/5600-5677
– Domestic 5700-5777/6000-6077
Operating within Hanoi FIR
– International 1700-1777
– Domestic 4100-4177/4600-4677

PACIFIC
HF-COMMUNICATIONS-PACIFIC
PACIFIC
PACIFIC
HF-COMMUNICATIONS-PACIFIC
PACIFIC
AUSTRALIAN ORGANIZED TRACK STRUCTURE (AUSOTS)
INTRODUCTION
The Australian Organized Track Structure (AUSOTS) has been developed to help provide airlines
with better traffic flows and significantly contribute to airline fuel savings. The AUSOTS will be cre-
ated and promulgated on a daily basis, considering many variables including wind conditions, as
a series of Track Definition Messages (TDM) for the most efficient track between specific interna-
tional gates and Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. The future will bring further development of
the AUSOTS, based on collaboration with participating airlines.
AUSOTS GUIDELINES
GENERAL INFORMATION
AUSOTS will be available for all aircraft meeting the minimum requirement of RNP10 or RNP4.
Any aircraft which loses its RNP capability enroute, but is still able to navigate on the Flex Tracks
may continue to do so. Aircraft unable to continue navigating on the Flex Tracks will be re-cleared
by ATC via the fixed route structure.
On the occasions when the daily optimum route corresponds completely with a published route,
the Trackmaster will still publish these details as a Track Definition Message (TDM) to avoid the
risk of confusion over possible lost TDMs.
GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARY
AUSOTS tracks may be established within the Melbourne and Brisbane FIRs. Outside the YBBB
and YMMM FIRs, aircraft operators will flight plan as required by the specific Air Navigation Serv-
ice Provider (ANSP).
TRACK COORDINATION MESSAGE (TCM)

A Track Coordination Message (TCM) will be issued by Airservices Australia for review by selec-
ted airlines to determine the appropriateness of the FIR Boundary Entry/Exit fix in regard to flight
outside the Australian airspace. Based on the airlines responses, the TDM will be published.
TRACK DEFINITION MESSAGE (TDM)

The Airservices Australia Trackmaster will use the TDM format in accordance with Table 4-3 of
the Asia/Pacific Regional Interface Control Document (ICD) for ATS Inter-facility Ground/Ground
Data Communications (AIDC).
The format of the TDM is as follows:
PACIFIC
TDM STRUCTURE EXAMPLE

(Message Priority) (Addressee) (FF YBBBMONX
(Filing time) (Originator Indicator) 012010 YMMMZRZD
(TDM TRK (Flex Track Identifier)* (Flex (TDM TRK SY2P 050101200001
Track generation time and message 0501020400 0501021330
number for the track) WLG WDH BOU VINAX TNK 17S130E
(Flex Track activation date/time) (Flex 15S126E ONOXA
Track termination date/time) RTS/ YSSY H202 WLG
(Flex Track waypoints) RMK/0)
RTS/ (Connecting Routes...to the ingress NNNN
fix and/or from the egress fix)**
RMK/ (additional comments, otherwise “0”)
NNNN
NOTE: *Maximum of four alpha numeric characters.
** Airservices Australia will not be specifying the tracking requirements outside the YBBB and
YMMM FIRs. Therefore, the TDM will only include either the fixed route details for departures
from an Australian aerodrome to join the Flex Tracks or, for Australian aerodrome arrivals, the
fixed route details from the end of the Flex Tracks to the destination.
Questions regarding published AUSOTS tracks should be directed to the Melbourne Center Oper-
ations Manager at the Melbourne Air Traffic Service Center (ATSC) on +61-3-9235-7420.
DESIGNATION OF AUSOTS TRACKS

GENERAL INFORMATION
a. While a limited number of AUSOTS tracks will be designated as a specific city pair, the
majority will be defined between a specific aerodrome at one end and an area/region at the
other.
b. For specific Flex Tracks where traffic numbers and diverse ETDs exist, the AUSOTS may be
generated twice a day. In all other cases, the track will be generated once a day.
c. In line with international practice, Flex Track identification will be limited to four (4) alpha-
numeric characters which will be used to clearly identify different Flex Tracks and general
validity periods.
FLEX TRACK NOMENCLATURE

a. Characters 1 & 2 – Identifiers:
Characters 1 & 2 will represent the direction of the Flex Track. It will either be between two
specified aerodromes or between an aerodrome and an area/region.
PACIFIC
b. Specific Aerodromes:
A Auckland
B Brisbane
C Christchurch
M Melbourne
P Perth
S Sydney
c. Areas/Regions:
X Middle East
Y Singapore Area of Southeast Asia
Z India
CHARACTER 3 – TRACK NUMBER

a. Character 3 will represent the track number between a specific track pairing. This number
will generally be one (1) unless a second Flex Track is generated concurrently either to pro-
vide for congestion on a single track or to provide better access to other aerodromes in the
same area/region. For example, two tracks may be generated between Sydney (S) and the
Singapore Area (Y). Track 1 may capture the WIII, WSSS, WMKK traffic, and Track 2 the
WADD and VTBD traffic.
CHARACTER 4 – VALIDITY PERIOD IDENTIFIER

a. Research has indicated that the validity periods for the Flex Tracks that make up the
AUSOTS fall into two categories:
1. high density shorter range international routes with diverse scheduled departure times
requiring the Flex Tracks to be generated twice daily with shorter validity periods; and
2. the long range international routes with low traffic densities and limited departure times
that require a once-a-day promulgated Flex Tracks with a long validity period.
b. From an Air Traffic Management (ATM) perspective, particularly in an electronic environ-
ment, the naming system must militate against possible confusions caused by the introduc-
tion of TDMs replacing the previous TDMs with the same name. The 4th character is pre-
dominantly for the Air Traffic Service Provider (ATSP) use.
c. The fourth character will be either:
1. for Flex Tracks generated twice a day:
PACIFIC
A (meaning tracks created from the 0600 wind updates),

P (meaning tracks created from the 1800 wind updates);
or
2. for Flex Tracks generated once a day:
a number from 1 to 7 (representing the day of the week that the Flex Track is created
starting with Monday – 1, Tuesday – 2, etc).
EXAMPLE 1: SY2P would represent a second Flex Track created between Sydney and
the Singapore area and that it was created from the 1800 wind updates. This track is
probably for Sydney to Bangkok operations as track 1 (SY1P) would be based on Sin-
gapore.
EXAMPLE 2: XB11 would represent a once-a-day Flex Track created between The
Middle East and Brisbane and that it was created on a Monday.
EXAMPLE 3: AP16 would represent a once-a-day Flex Track created between Auck-
land and Perth and that it was created on a Saturday.
FLEX TRACKS CHRONOLOGY

After the wind updates at 0600 UTC and 1800 UTC, the Trackmaster will create the AUSOTS
Flex Tracks that are required for the period. Approximately one (1) hour after the wind updates,
the Trackmaster will send the draft Flex Tracks to selected airlines as TCMs. After confirmation is
received from the airlines on the suitability of the exit gate from the Australian FIRs, the AUSOTS
tracks will be published as TDMs and NOTAM.
TDM Creation Process
While the validity periods are track specific, the majority will conform to standard times. Airservi-
ces Australia expects that the validity period for the portion of AUSOTS containing the Singapore
area to Australia tracks will be 1300 UTC to 0000 UTC and 0000 UTC to 1300 UTC. Irrespective
of any concept of standard times, the official validity period will be the times as specified on the
TDM.
Where possible, aircraft operators will be advised of intended changes to standard times.
PACIFIC
CITY PAIR FLEX TRACK UTILIZATION

The AUSOTS concept has been implemented as a trial at the request of airlines to provide opera-
tor efficiencies. Airservices Australia expects that all operators, other than those affected by
operational limitations, will plan to utilize the AUSOTS. For example, the fixed route structure
directs the Singapore -- Australia -- Singapore traffic through a waypoint in the Jakarta area, the
Bali area or via KIKEM. Flex Tracks will be created utilizing these gates to facilitate ATC applica-
tion of separation and enroute traffic flow management. Additionally, all flights operating out of
aerodromes that would naturally make use of the TDM specified gates are also encouraged to
plan via the published OTS.
Aircraft with operational limitations that, at flight planning, cannot comply with the OTS must notify
the Melbourne Center Operations Manager.
Aircraft that would not complete the Flex Track portion of the flight during the published validity
period must flight plan via the fixed route structure. However, approval may be requested from the
Melbourne Center Operations Manager to depart as planned if a flight is unexpectedly delayed
and this delay would cause the aircraft to still be on the Flex Track for a short time outside the
validity period. If approval is not available, the flight is required to re-plan via the fixed route struc-
ture.
Eastbound aircraft may flight plan to utilize the OTS when not intending to land at the Australian
Flex Tracks designated destination; however, they may not diverge from the Flex Tracks prior to
the exit gate unless approval is specified in the RMKs section of the TDM (i.e. Aircraft for YPAD to
exit at WHA).
Westbound flights need not depart from the aerodrome designated in the TDM identifier, but must
join the Flex Track at the entry fix and remain on the track until the exit fix.
LATERAL SPACING OF TRACKS

Common direction tracks can be coincidental; however, when there is no requirement for the use
of common fixes, tracks will be laterally spaced as described below.
Opposite direction tracks, unless converging or diverging, will be laterally spaced by the appropri-
ate horizontal separation standard; i.e. 50 NM oceanic or 30 NM domestic, reducing, as applica-
ble, with the introduction of Automatic Dependence Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) or within
radar coverage.
FLEX TRACK DESCRIPTION

The Flex Tracks are described using a collection of named fixes and latitude/longitude. The Flex
Tracks will be described between fixes on the FIR boundary and appropriate gates to enter/exit
the higher traffic density east coast airspace. See Figures 1 and 2 for gates appropriate for the
Singapore – Australia TDMs.
To simplify the description of the Flex Tracks for flight planning, Flight Management Computer
(FMC) interaction, navigation, position reporting, coordination and separation, Flex Track defining
fixes will be selected in accordance with the following hierarchy:
a. Published High Route Fix, then
PACIFIC
b. Published Floating/Buried Waypoint, then

c. Created Waypoint Whole Degree LAT/LONG.
The Trackmaster will manipulate the collection of Flex Tracks to form a homogenous Organized
Track Structure (OTS) that enhances separation assurance principles from an ATC perspective,
while providing economic benefit to airlines. Where possible, the Trackmaster will also integrate
the OTS with the domestic route structure.
DOTS+ AIRCRAFT MODELS

The DOTS+ (Dynamic Online Training System) has multiple aircraft models available to deter-
mine best fit Minimum Fuel Track (MFT).
The Trackmaster will be using the DOTS+ B747-400 model when producing the Flex Tracks for
the flights to and from Sydney and Melbourne, and will use the DOTS+ B767-300 model for the
flights to and from Brisbane.
FLIGHT PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

At either end of the TDM defined Flex Tracks, aircraft will plan via the published route structure.
For the Australian end of the Flex Tracks, flight planning through the higher traffic density air-
space along the south and east coast will be in accordance with the Australian AIP, and will be
provided in the RTS section of the TDM.
The ATS-Route Description in Field 15 of the filed ICAO ATC Flight Plan will include all waypoints
as included in the TDM, and will not use any Flex Track designators/identifiers.
The Trackmaster will also determine the impact of planned activation of Restricted areas on the
Flex Tracks. Where possible, the Trackmaster will liaise with the Restricted airspace user to
determine the likelihood of access. When access is unlikely, the Trackmaster will either build the
Flex Track clear of the unavailable airspace or will include limitations on its use as a remark in the
TDM.
ATC PROCEDURES
ATC will apply existing separation standards as utilized on the fixed route structure.
ATC will apply the current priority structure with the inclusion that when conflictions occur
between aircraft on the AUSOTS and those that were able to, but elected not to, utilize the Flex
Tracks, ATC will apply separation favoring the aircraft on the Flex Track.
The TDM identifier will NOT be used as part of an ATC clearance or in radio transmissions in gen-
eral.
POSITION REPORTING
Position reports must be made in accordance with ICAO Doc 7030 procedures. Within the Flex
Track airspace, position reports must be made using geographical coordinates or named fixes as
specified in the AUSOTS TDM.
PACIFIC
SYSTEM REVIEW
Review of ATC fixed requirements and airline agreed parameters will be addressed as follows:
a. Stakeholder Significant Safety Issues – immediately reviewed by Trackmaster/Airservices
Australia Operations Manager
b. Changes to Airline Agreed Parameters – quarterly, either via stakeholder meetings called by
the Trackmaster or direct e-mail to the Trackmaster who will initiate discussion with all stake-
holders.
c. Broadening of Capability – subsequent to the Post Implementation Review of initial trial.
CONTINGENCY ARRANGEMENTS
Regardless of circumstances, if the Flex Track is unable to be published at the scheduled time,
then a NOTAM shall be prepared and published that advises airlines to use charted fixed routes.
NEW SYDNEY AUSOTS GATES & RTS

The new gates and RTS will impact on all Sydney associated Flex Tracks. This includes: YS1A
(Singapore - Sydney), KS11 (Bangkok - Sydney), SY1A (Sydney - Singapore), XS11 (Middle East
- Sydney) and SX11 (Sydney - Middle East). A diagram of the new gates and RTS can be seen at
Figure 3.
Outbound from Sydney Gates & RTS

RTS Gate
YSSY SY H202 RIC H76 NBR H105 HACHI Q165 ROM ROM
YSSY SY H202 RIC H76 NBR B587 SGE SGE
YSSY SY H202 WLG WLG
YSSY SY H202 RIC UH226 NYN NYN
YSSY SY H44 KAT A576 VIMAB VIMAB
YSSY SY H44 KAT A576 PKS G222 KADUV KADUV
YSSY SY H44 KAT A576 PKS J141 EKKEY EKKEY
YSSY SY H44 GTH VENEL VENEL
YSSY SY H44 GTH J21 UVUPU UVUPU
YSSY SY H44 MAXEM Q60 WOONA WOONA
YSSY SY H65 WOL J42 CB J142 BOR BOR
YSSY SY H65 WOL J42 AY T8 CRENA CRENA
YSSY SY H65 RAZZI Q29 ML V126 POD POD
PACIFIC
Inbound to Sydney Gates and RTS

Gate RTS
SCO SCO H12 SY YSSY
VIMAB VIMAB A576 PKS H319 TARAL Y59 SY YSSY
KADUV KADUV G222 PKS H319 TARAL Y59 SY YSSY
EKKEY EKKEY J141 PKS H319 TARAL Y59 SY YSSY
VENEL VENEL GTH UH205 CULIN Y59 SY YSSY
UVUPU UVUPU J21 GTH UH205 CULIN Y59 SY YSSY
PANKI PANKI H247 CULIN Y59 SY YSSY
BOR BOR J142 NONUP Y59 SY YSSY
CRENA CRENA T8 AY DCT ARRAN Y59 SY YSSY
POD POD V279 ML H129 DOSEL Y59 SY YSSY
PACIFIC
FIGURE 1
SOUTHERN GATES
SINGAPORE – AUSTRALIA TDMs
PACIFIC
FIGURE 2
NORTHERN GATES
SINGAPORE – AUSTRALIA TDMs
PACIFIC
FIGURE 3
SYDNEY AUSOTS GATES & RTS
PACIFIC
OBSERVATION BALLOONS
Observation balloons will be released by JSDF-A as follows:

1) Period: Until 31 MAR 13.
2) Releasing point: N34 45.3 E137 41.4
3) Altitude: GND-85,302'
4) Physical characteristics of balloons is as follows:
LENGTH OF *EXPECTED
BALLOON SIZE OF IN- TOTAL RATE OF MAXIMUM
FLIGHT TIME FOR RE-
DIAMETER STRUMENT WEIGHT ASCENT ALT
TRAIN LEASE
(ft) (in) (oz) (ft/min) (ft)
(ft) (UTC)
6 49 7x7x7 14 984-1378 2330 and 1130 85,302
* The exact date/time concerning temporary observation will be notified by further NOTAM RJJJ.
5) For estimated falling area of observation balloon:

See graphic on next page.
PACIFIC
PACIFIC
Observation balloons will be released by Meteorological research institute/JMA as follows:

1) Period: until 8 SEP 13 (HIGH ALTITUDE RAWIN SONDE, SONDE 1-2) until 31 MAR 13
(SONDE 3-6).
2) Releasing point:
1. N36 03.3 E140 07.5 SONDE 3-6
2. N36 03.5 E140 07.6 HIGH ALTITUDE RAWIN SONDE, SONDE 1-2
3) Altitude: GND-114,829′ (HIGH ALTITUDE RAWIN SONDE, SONDE 1-2) GND-82,021′/
98,425′ (SONDE 3) GND-82,021′ (SONDE 4-6).
4) For physical characteristics of balloons see below.
Expected Total Rate of

Name of Balloon Di- Balloon Col- Estimated Reach-
Time for Re- Weight Climb (ft/
Balloon ameter (ft) or ing ALT (ft)
lease (oz) min)
HIGH ALTI-
TUDE
1130 UTC 6 Milky-white 18 984–1312 114,829
RAWIN
SONDE
SONDE-1 NOTAM* 5–7 Milky-white 3–71 984–1312 114,829
SONDE-2 NOTAM* 6–8 Milky-white 11–123 984–1312 114,829
SONDE-3 NOTAM* 5–6 White 12–18 984–1312 82,021–98,425
SONDE-4 NOTAM* 7 White 71 984 82,021
*Exact date/time will be notified by further NOTAM RJJJ.
5) Estimated ascending area of observation balloons and/or estimated falling area is shown in
graphic on next page.
6) It will take about 40-60 minutes for a balloon to reach 59,055′ MSL after release. Total float-
ing time will be about 2 hours 30 minutes (SONDE 3-6) and 3 hours 30 minutes (HIGH ALTI-
TUDE RAWIN SONDE, SONDE 1-2).
PACIFIC
PACIFIC

2) Releasing point: N40 42.0 E141 22.0.
4) For physical characteristics of balloons, see below and reverse side of this page.
BALLOON DI- LENGTH OF TOTAL RATE OF AS- *EXPECTED TIME MAXIMUM

AMETER FLIGHT TRAIN WEIGHT CENT FOR RELEASE ALT
(ft) (ft) (oz) (ft/min) (UTC) (ft)
6 49 14 984-1378 2330 and 1130 85,302
* The exact date/time concerning temporary observation will be notified by further NOTAM RJJJ.
5) For estimated falling area of observation balloon:

See graphic on reverse side of this page.
6) It will take about 60 minutes for a balloon to reach 59,055' MSL after release. Total floating
time will be about 2 hours 30 minutes.
PACIFIC
PACIFIC

2) Releasing point: N24 46.8 E141 19.2.
4) For physical characteristics of balloons, see table below and reverse side of this page.
5) For estimated falling area of observation balloons, see graphic on reverse side of this page.
BALLOON DI- LENGTH OF WEIGHT OF IN- RATE OF AS- EXPECTED TIME MAXIMUM
AMETER FLIGHT TRAIN STRUMENT CENT FOR RELEASE ALT
(ft) (ft) (oz) (ft/min) (UTC) (ft)
6 128 35 1148-1312 2330 98,425
PACIFIC
AUSTRALIA
1 GENERAL
1.1 The following general rules and procedures apply to enable identification of air traffic enter-
ing any designated Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ) under the control of Australia.
1.2 An ADIZ is airspace of defined dimensions within which identification of all aircraft is
required.
1.3 When a flight is intended to operate within an ADIZ, the pilot, unless exempted in accord-
ance with the following paragraph must:
a. lodge a flight plan covering flight within the ADIZ with the appropriate ATS unit at least 60
minutes before entry into the ADIZ;
b. report position to ATS when passing each position reporting point within the ADIZ;
c. report position to ATS at ADIZ boundary with a geographical reference (e.g.; 15 NM east
of...) or, if the departure point is within 100 NM of the ADIZ boundary, report departure;
d. report departure if departing from a point within the ADIZ;
e. maintain a continuous listening watch on the communications frequency of the appropriate
ATS unit or on another frequency as directed until the flight is through the ADIZ;
f. not deliberately deviate from tracks and altitudes filed in the flight plan unless prior ATC
clearance is obtained, or outside controlled airspace, notification is given to the appropriate
ATS unit;
g. activate transponder when within 100 NM of the ADIZ and when operating within the ADIZ.
1.4 The following flights over Australia and its territorial waters are exempted from compliance
with the requirements of the previous paragraph:
a. a flight originating within an ADIZ which maintains a steady outbound track;
b. a flight which remains within 10 NM of the point of departure;
c. aircraft performing published approach, holding or recovery procedures; and
d. a flight conducted in accordance with special procedures arranged with the Area Air Defence
Commander.
1.5 Flight plans lodged in accordance with paragraph 1.3 must include details of:
a. tracks and altitudes to be flown while operating in the ADIZ;
b. estimated elapsed times for each route segment in the ADIZ, including the segment in which
the ADIZ boundary is crossed;
c. position reporting points, departure and landing points; and
d. estimated time at the commencing point of the first route segment for which details are
required in accordance with b. above.
1.6 Reporting points published on ENROUTE/AREA charts must be used plus those required by
the Area Air Defence Commander.
AUSTRALIA
1.7 Pilots must immediately notify ATS of any deviation from flight plan beyond the following tol-
erances:
a. estimated time of commencing the ADIZ route segments: +/- 5 minutes;
b. over land area: +/- 10 NM from track;
c. over oceanic areas: +/- 20 NM from track.
NOTE: The 5 minutes expressed in a. will be used in considering interception action, but
pilots must report predicted deviations of greater than 2 minutes.
1.8 In the event of failure of two-way radio communication, the pilot must proceed in accordance
with the normal radio failure procedures published in the EMERGENCY Section.
2 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Special requirements may be published relative to a particular ADIZ. Flights exempted in
accordance with paragraph 1.4 will not be exempted from the special requirements unless so
specified.
3 NON-COMPLIANCE
3.1 Significant deviations from the requirements for flight in an ADIZ must be reported immedi-
ately to ATS and details and reasons for the deviation must be reported at the first point of land-
ing, for transmission to the Area Air Defence Commander.
4 INTERCEPTION
4.1 See Emergency Section.
5 DIVERSION OF AIRCRAFT FOR DEFENCE OPERATIONS

5.1 The Area Air Defence Commander may, through ATS, direct the flight of aircraft in the inter-
ests of national security. Messages initiating such requirements will be prefaced by “MILITARY
OPERATIONS REQUIRE . . .”.
AUSTRALIA
PURNULULU NATIONAL PARK (BUNGLE BUNGLE) SCENIC FLIGHTS
Scenic flights conform to the route depicted on the following Fixed wing and Rotary wing
map and to the following Standard Operating Procedures. Pilots conducting these flights
should operate on CTAF 127.3.
NATIONAL PARK ENTRY POINTS

NE Entry S17 18.3 E128 30.7
SW Entry S17 28.0 E128 17.5
AIRPLANES
Airplanes operate around the Bungles in a clockwise direction and in accordance with the follow-
ing procedures:
a. Operations from or to Kununurra or Halls Creek shall enter or leave the Bungles as follows:
Kununurra to Bungles
1. Following take-off maintain 700 ft AMSL, turn LEFT off Rwy 30, or RIGHT off Rwy 12
and track SE to establish E of the Ord River by 5NM YPKU.
2. At 5NM YPKU climb to not above 2500 ft AMSL and, remaining E of the Ord River,
track along the Ord River and Spillway Creek to the Ord Top Dam, then track direct to
the NE Tip of the Bungles.
Bungles to Kununurra
1. At the NW Tip of the Bungles climb to not below 3500 ft AMSL and track direct to the
Argyle Diamond Mine.
2. When jet traffic is arriving or departing Argyle, revise track to pass 5NM E of the mine
and 2NM E of the aerodrome until the jet traffic is clear.
3. Maintain not below 3500 ft AMSL and track from the mine to Ord Top Dam along the
western shoreline of Lake Argyle.
4. Remaining W of the Ord River track to APKU and join the circuit via crosswind not
below 1200 ft AMSL.
Halls Creek to Bungles
1. Track to the Southwest tip of The Bungles via McIntosh Hills.
Bungles to Halls Creek
1. Depart the Southern tip of the Bungles tracking direct to Halls Creek.
b. Operations from or to other locations must enter or leave The Bungles at a tangent to the
route.
c. Corner cutting and orbits are not permitted.
d. Maximum IAS is 140 kts.
AUSTRALIA
e. Operate between 2500 ft and 3000 ft AMSL.

f. Broadcast departing the area on the CTAF (127.3).
g. Airplanes not wishing to complete the scenic route must climb to a VFR cruising level 3500 ft
or above before departing the route.
HELICOPTERS
Helicopters are requested to respect public and indigenous sensitivities by following the negoti-
ated flight paths within the Bungle Bungles (Purnululu National Park).
To maintain terrain clearance, helicopters may operate to the minimum extent required above
2,000 ft provided they:
a. Broadcast detailed intentions before leaving 2,000 ft on climb;
b. Cross the airplane route at right angles; and,
c. Broadcast returning to operations not above 2,000 ft.
Helicopters are not permitted to land on the Bungle Bungle Range at any time. Helicopters can
only land at the Bellburn airstrip within the Purnululu National Park.
Bellburn is a private strip, permission is required prior to landing. Refer to Bellburn FAC entry for
contact details.
Visiting Helicopters/Pilots. Due to high volume of both Fixed wing and Rotary wing traffic at the
Bungles; It is highly recommended that a briefing is obtained from any of the local Helicopter
scenic operators at Kununurra or Bellburn before conducting a scenic flight of the Bungle Bun-
gles.
BUNGLES ALAs
Aircraft operating to or from ALAs in the Bungles area must adopt the above procedures.
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
All ACFT are required to comply with the following flight planning requirements when
operating in civil and military controlled airspace.
ROUTE FLIGHT PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

ROUTE SECTION REQUIREMENT
1. NEW SOUTH WALES
Canberra – Bindook Not AVBL ABV FL200
Coffs Harbour – Williamtown Not to be flight planned during WLM HR ACT
Katoomba – Sydney Not AVBL unless overflying Sydney FL290 or ABV
Lord Howe – Williamtown – Lord Howe ATS Route W149 must not be flight planned during
Williamtown ATS HR and/or when R574 ACT. An al-
ternate route via PMQ must be planned
Lord Howe – Williamtown – Port Macquar- ATS Route W768 must not be flight planned during
ie Williamtown ATS HR and/or when R574 ACT. VFR
transit not assured when R574 ACT
Mount McQuoid – West Maitland Not to be flight planned ABV 8500'
Mount McQuoid – Williamtown Not to be flight planned ABV 8500'
Nowra – Camden Not to be flight planned
Parkes – Gunnedah – Inverell Not to be flight planned ABV FL200
Port Macquarie – Singleton Not to be flight planned ABV 8500'
Quirindi – Richmond AVBL only for ACFT landing Richmond
Richmond – Bindook Not to be flight planned ABV 8000'.
Richmond – Mt McQuoid BLW 8500' flight plan RIC DCT MQD.
ABV 8500' flight plan RIC W365 RUNNA DCT MQD.
Richmond – Quirindi – Tamworth Not to be flight planned above 10,000' if landing
Tamworth (YSTW)
Scone – Mount McQuoid Not to be flight planned above 10,000'
NERIG – Bindook Not AVBL above FL160
Taree – Singleton Not to be flight planned ABV 8500'
Taree – Williamtown Not to be flight planned during Williamtown ATS HR
Williamtown – Coffs Harbour Not to be flight planned during Williamtown ATS HR
Williamtown – North Flight plan via NICLA during Williamtown ATS HR
Williamtown – Taree Not to be flight planned during Williamtown ATS HR
AUSTRALIA

Williamtown – KAMBA – Sydney Not to be flight planned
Wollongong – Canberra Not to be flight planned ABV 10,000' for ACFT land-
ing Canberra.
1.1 Sydney Departures — Turbojet
SOUTH via WOL NDB
Landing YSCB WOL H65 CB
Overflying YSCB WOL J42 CB
NORTH (ports to YBSU) via ENTRA
FL270 and ABV:
ENTRA Y245 BANDA. Vertical requirements apply.
See YSSY 10–3.
BLW FL270 OR unable to meet vertical require-
ments must plan ENTRA H133 WMD
Landing YWLM ENTRA H185 WLM
NORTH EAST (Routes N of G595)
When R574 is Active
User Preferred Routes (UPR) AVBL for defined city pairs.
SY B450 NOBAR UPR
When R574 is active: SY G595 ALLOC DCT GOR-
DO UPR
Via B474 SY B450 NOBAR B474
When R574, R671, R662 or R650 is active: SY
G595 ALLOC DCT GORDO UJ327 ISTEM B474 or
when only R574 is active: ENTRA DCT BANDA
DCT PADDY B474 (Refer YSSY 10–3 SID(R) for
vertical requirements)
DO UJ327 MISLY B580
Via A579 SY B450 NOBAR A579
DO DCT NATLI A579
AUSTRALIA

When R574 is active: SY G595 ALLOC DCT
ABARB B450
East (New Zealand Ports)
For NZAA, NZHN EVONN L521 ESKEL
For NZPM, NZWN, NZCH CAWLY M636 PLUGA
For NZDN, NZQN OPTIC Y84 TONIM
WEST If joining T74 ACFT must plan via RIC UH226 NYN
NORTH WEST If R559 ACT and H76 is NOTAM as NOT AVBL,
plan via RIC H202 MDG H105 NBR
1.2 Sydney Departures — Non-Turbojet
SOUTH
Coastal Ports Via WOL
Inland Ports Via CORDO
NORTH Via KAMBA W220 WMD or
KAMBA W139 WLM
(Tracking via WLM subject to MIL traffic during Wil-
liamtown ATS HR).
EAST Refer Sydney Departures – Turbojets
WEST Via BIK is NOT AVBL. Plan via KAT or CORDO
1.3 Bankstown Departures
SOUTH
Coastal Ports DCT WOL
Inland Ports DCT CORDO
NORTH Turbine powered ACFT ABV 9500' DCT SY W139
(via WMD/WLM) KAMBA BLW 10,000' or non-turbine powered ACFT
DCT RIC W214 MQD W347 WMD
EAST DCT SY then refer Sydney Departures – Turbojets
WEST Via BIK is NOT AVBL. Plan via KAT or CORDO.
AUSTRALIA

1.4 Richmond Departures
SOUTH DCT GLF DCT CORDO or W430 WOL, 5000' and
BLW or 10,000' and ABV or
DCT CN W144 TONTO 5000' and BLW
RIC DCT BIK NOT AVBL ABV 8000'
NORTH via MQD 8500' and BLW – DCT MQD
ABV 8500' – DCT RUNNA DCT MQD
EAST DCT GLF DCT SY then refer Sydney Departures –
Turbojets
1.5 Sydney Arrivals – Turbojets
SOUTH and SOUTH WEST Routes to join Y59 by CULIN
NORTH Routes to join H12 by CORKY
Departing YWLM Via MQD DCT BOREE H12 SY
WEST
NYN UH226 RIC Not AVBL when landing YSSY, plan via PKS
Via PKS PKS H319 TARAL Y59 SY
NORTH WEST UH201 WGL DCT QDI DCT SCO H12 SY
NORTH EAST (Routes G595 and N)
When R574 is Active
User Preferred Routes (UPR) AVBL for defined city pairs. UPR MARLN N774 SY
When R574 is active: UPR SHARK N774 SY
(Tracking West of a line GODRO – SHARK not
AVBL)
B474 BEADS DCT SHARK N774 SY
When R574, R671, R662 or R650 is active: ISTEM
UJ327 MISLY DCT ABARB DCT SHARK N774 SY
B580 IFFEY DCT SHARK N774 SY
When R574 is active: MISLY DCT ABARB DCT
SHARK N774 SY
A579 NATLI DCT ABARB DCT SHARK N774 SY
B450 LHI UH258 SHARK N774 SY
G595 WARTY DCT SHARK N774 SY
AUSTRALIA

EAST (from New Zealand ports)
M636 or N750 PLUGA DCT SHARK N774 SY
P776 TONIM DCT SHARK N774 SY
1.6 Sydney Arrivals – Non-turbojets
SOUTH and WEST
Departing YWOL WOL W652 ODALE W113 SY at 6000'; W430 NOT
AVBL
SY 195R thru W to line CBB – WLG Via BIK W113 SY
East of line CBB – WLG to coast Refer NORTH entry
NORTH
Via SGT SGT W180 SY
Via SCO SCO W551 YAKKA W180 SY (10,000' and BLW)
Departing YWLM WLM W170 LOWEP W180 SY; or
WLM 603 CAA W180 Sy (7500' and BLW)
EAST Refer Sydney Arrivals – Turbojets
1.7 Bankstown Arrivals
SOUTH and WEST
Departing YWOL WOL W652 WATLE V599 at 6000'; W430 not AVBL
SY 195R thru W to line CBB – WLG (Published) Routes to join V599, expect WATLE
STAR
East of line CBB – WLG to coast
Refer NORTH entry
NORTH
Via SGT SGT W214 RIC DCT BK
Via SCO SCO W365 RIC DCT BK, FL200 and BLW
EAST Refer Sydney Arrivals – Turbojets, then SY DCT BK
1.8 Richmond Arrivals
EAST Refer Sydney Arrivals – Turbojets, then SY DCT
RIC
1.9 Overflights within 30NM Sydney
BLW 10,000'
AUSTRALIA

NORTH BOUND BIK W713 KAT DCT MQD at 7000'
SOUTH BOUND MQD DCT KAT W713 BIK at 6000'
10,000' and ABV Plan via ERC route
EAST BOUND INTL via PKS ABV FL280, PKS A576 KAT H44 SY then Oceanic
Route
From S landing YWLM
Turbojets Via SY H185 WLM
Non-turbojets Via SY W139 WLM
From N Departing YWLM
Turbojets DCT WLM W284 DONIC W778 HOOKS then ERC
route
Non-turbojets (10,000' and ABV) DCT WLM W170 LOWEP W180 SY then ERC route

2.0 NORTHERN TERRITORY
2.1 Darwin Departures -Turbojet
AS via J251
J72 via J151 – ZAMMI – preferred route
2.2 Darwin Departures – Non-Turbojet
AS via J251
From 203DN VOR and 240DN VOR inclusive via W287 – TOMAS – preferred route
2.3 Darwin Arrivals – Turbojet
AS J251
BRL or NGU via KARSI – W193 – DN
From 080DN VOR and 103DN VOR inclusive via KARRA – W483 – DN
via J151 via ZAMMI – JULUP – J72 – DN
2.4 Darwin Arrivals – Non-Turbojet at or above FL140
AS Via J251
BRL or NGU via KARSI – W193 – DN
From 080DN VOR and 103DN VOR inclusive via KARRA – W483 – DN
From 200DN VOR and 225DN VOR inclusive via JULUP – J72 – DN
AUSTRALIA

via J151 via ZAMMI – JULUP – J72 – DN
2.5 Darwin Overflights
Alice Springs – Darwin A461 when R225, R247 and R148B are not ac-
Darwin – Alice Springs tive
VFR aircraft departing and arriving DN, with the exception of destinations on Bathurst or Melville
Islands, are required to plan via a published DN VFR Route.
Alice Springs – Ayers Rock a. All ACFT above 10,000' landing at Ayers
Rock must plan via ANGAS.
b. ACFT overflying AYE NDB must plan via
ATS route J64 between AS VOR and AYE
NDB.
Ayers Rock – Alice Springs a. ACFT must plan via ARNTU.
b. When using LAWRENCE INTERCEPT, a
distance not less than 13 DME AS must
be maintained until established on the Lo-
calizer.
NOTE: The following route segments in the Ayers Rock area are not to be flight planned without
prior approval:
Y69 between ROOKS and AS VOR
T47 between AYE NDB and WINAL
UY93 between HERMA and AS VOR
Darwin – Dili All ACFT ABV FL240 must plan via IKUMA
then ATS route Z86. All ACFT FL240 and BLW
must plan via JULIE then ATS route Z69.
Dili – Darwin All ACFT ABV FL240 must plan via W33 BC
DCT ELBIS B583. All ACFT FL240 and BLW
must plan via ALEXA then ATS route Z10.

3. QUEENSLAND
3.1 Brisbane departures – Turbojet
NORTH
Between 300BN VOR to 005BN VOR via CORAL
Sunshine Coast (landing) via HOLIS
AUSTRALIA

A598 BN A598
When R637 is active (depending on Restricted
Area levels): BN TRIKI COLET PUGEL A598
EAST
R587 BN COODA HARVS R587
When R644 is active R587 may not be AVBL
(depending on Restricted Area levels)
B578 BN COODA MULET B578
When R644 is active B578 may not be AVBL
G329 BN COODA BONEY G329
Area levels): BN SCOTT ELLAS TABAL G329
User Preferred Routes (UPR) AVBL for defined city pairs. BN COODA then
DCT FLATY, HARVS, MULET, BREAM or
BONEY then UPR
When R637 or R650 is active (depending on
Restricted Area levels) plan via BN COODA
HARVS or BN SCOTT ELLAS
P880 BN SCOTT P880
Area levels): BN SCOTT Y76 SIFRA N584
JUMPA P880
SOUTH
Gold Coast (landing) via JCW VOR
Between 150BN VOR and 200BN VOR via LAV VOR
WEST
Between 200BN VOR and 275BN VOR via AMB not AVBL except landing Amberley
YPAD BN H62 WIZZA UQ440 HARDD NBR
T91 BN H62 WIZZA UQ440 CLEOS CRANE T91.
When R626 is active plan via BN H62 WIZZA
UQ440 Q295 DOUGY RACHL T33
via ROM BN WOODY G326 ROM
NORTHWEST
AUSTRALIA

Between 275BN VOR and 300BN VOR via IBUNA
3.2 Brisbane departures – Non turbojet
NORTH
Between 300BN VOR and 005BN VOR via SU VOR
Sunshine Coast (landing) via HOLIS
EAST
Between 006BN VOR and 121BN VOR To New Zealand via SCOTT, others on track.
Restricted Area levels) refer to Brisbane Depar-
tures – Turbojet section
SOUTH
Gold Coast (landing) via JCW VOR
Lismore (landing) DCT LIS NDB
Between 150BN VOR and 200BN VOR via LAV VOR
WEST
Between 200BN VOR and 275BN VOR on track
When R631 is active plan via BN ROM or BN
WIZZA HAARD DOUGY RACHL above A100
NORTHWEST
Between 275BN VOR and 300BN VOR via V179
via V129 not ABV A080
via KCY not ABV A060
3.3 Brisbane Arrivals – Turbojet
Between TAM and KELPI via SMOKA Y117 BN
Sunshine Coast (Departure) Q94 MUDDL BN DCT
via A598 SETER UH402 BN
Area levels): PUGEL HARVS Q21 SAVER
G329 BN
via R587 HARVS Q21 SAVER G329 BN
When R644 is active R587 may not be AVBL
AUSTRALIA

via B578 MULET Q93 SAVER G329 BN
When R644 is active B578 may not be AVBL
via G329 on track
Area levels): TABAL ELLAS Q39 SAVER G329
BN
via A464 ELLAS Q39 SAVER G329 BN
via M639 SAVER G329 BN
via L503 SAVER G329 BN
via P880 MISLY T53 CG H185 BN
Area levels): JUMPA N584 SIFRA L503 SAV-
ER G329 BN
User Preferred Routes (UPR) AVBL for defined city pairs. UPR HARVS, MU-
LET, BREAM or BONEY then SAVER G329
BN UPR FLATY then LUCAS UH402 BN
Restricted Area levels) plan via HARVS Q21
SAVER G329 BN or ELLAS Q39 SAVER G329
BN
T91 When R631 is active plan LEC T33 RACHL
Y340
West of H185 to H29 GAMBL – JCW VOR
T11 and G326 ROM CHICO GERBL AMB GLENN BN
Y340 and T91 AMB GLENN BN
3.4 Brisbane Arrivals – Non turbo jet
Between Taroom and Sunshine Coast via GAYLA
EAST (Not ABV A050) on track
EAST (ABV A050), BTN 046 BN VOR and 121 via SAVER
BN VOR When R637 or R650 is active (depending on
Restricted Area levels) plan via HARVS SAV-
ER or ELLAS SAVER
AUSTRALIA

SETER via LUCAS
May not be AVBL when R637 is active (de-
pending on Restricted Area levels)
MISLY CG VOR – JCW VOR
May not be AVBL when R662 is active (de-
pending on Restricted Area levels)
SOUTH via JCW VOR
SOUTHWEST (not above A100) via LAV VOR – JCW VOR
WEST on track
3.5 Brisbane Overflights
ACFT planning transit flights overhead Brisbane AD/CTR should plan at or above A070.
3.6 Archefield – Departures
NORTHWEST
GAY or East thereof via BN VOR – SU VOR
Emerald/Blackwater 10,000' and ABV WACKO – IBUNA – HAWKE
Emerald/Blackwater BLW 10,000' WACKO – IBUNA – HAWKE
Via KCY Not ABV 6000'
Kingaroy via WACKO – IBUNA
Taroom via WACKO
3.7 Cairns overflights
ACFT using air routes Q26 or Q499 to CS then using B473, R204 or A216 from CS, flight plan
from UPOLO or BIB DCT to MEMOS, KIMMI or MEMIG.
3.8 Cairns Arrivals – arriving aircraft from Southeast
Jet ACFT from TL DCT TL R346 SWALO Q26 CS DCT
Non – Jet ACFT from TL or o/TL RNAV or RNP PEWEE – BARIA – UPOLO – CS
Non-RNAV or non-RNP PEWEE – BARIA – CS (expect radar vectors)
All other routes on Track
JETS overflying VOMPA with destination CS – the following route is not available TL SWIFT
SWALO BARIA UPOLO CS not available.
3.9 Cairns Departures
To TL or o/TL Jets via SWIFT – TL
AUSTRALIA

non-Jet via PAWSO – SPARO – TL
To DKI via PAWSO DCT DKI
All other routes on Track
3.10 Gold Coast
Departures
ACFT Departing on route UH408 include APAGI in flight plan details
Departures to the South
Turbo Jet ACFT to flight plan via 218CG VOR intercept ATS route H62 at APAGI (Sydney)
intercept ATS route Q94 at ISKIM (Melbourne)
track via UH408 to NYN NDB (Adelaide)
Non-Turbo Jet ACFT ABV 10,000' to flight plan via 198CG VOR to GAMBL
Departures to New Zealand
Direct to ELLAS, LHI, SIFRA or via T53.
T53: When R662 is active (depending on Restricted Area levels) plan CG LAMSI N584 JUMPA
Arrivals from South
Turbo Jet ACFT must plan via BERNI – Y43 – CG VOR
Non-Turbo Jet ACFT, RNAV or RNP, at or above FL130 shall plan BERNI ROONY KERRI CG
VOR
Non-Turbo Jet ACFT, NON RNAV or NON-RNP, at or above FL130 shall plan via LIS CG VOR.
Non-Turbo Jet ACFT BLW FL130 must plan via LIS – CG VOR
Arrivals from the East
Via LAMSI DCT CG
When R662 is active (depending on Restricted Area levels): SIFRA N584 LAMSI CG
3.11 Sunshine Coast
Turbo Jet departures to the South plan DCT Q94 LAV etc
Turbo Jet arrivals from South plan to CG VOR Q69 SU DCT
Non–Turbo Jet arrivals from the South plan to BN VOR HOLIS SU DCT
Non–Turbo Jet departures to Brisbane or to the plan V217 GAYLA V123 BN etc
S of Brisbane (BTN 166SU VOR and 223SU
VOR)
AUSTRALIA

3.12 Mackay, Rockhampton and Townsville
Mackay – Townsville Direct
Townsville – Mackay via BWN NDB
Mackay – Rockhampton via MURPH
Rockhampton – Mackay via PROBO
Rockhampton – South via GAY (Non Turbojet) RK – BUDGI – V99 – GAY
3.13 Townsville – IFR Departures
R736B and R740B / R741B Active
For T139, W660 and Charters Towers (YCHT) via W886 to GOLDY then to rejoin published
track at next reporting point.
For W469, W637, W265, W528, J184 and Z929 via CATEY then to rejoin published track at
(uncharted) next enroute reporting point.
For J38 and W841 via PELIS, then to rejoin published track at next
enroute reporting point.
3.14 Townsville – IFR Arrivals
R736B and R740B / R741B Active
For T139, W660 and Charters Towers (YCHT), via GOLDY W866 to Townsville
W469, W637, W265, W528, J184 and Z929
(uncharted)
For J38 and W841 via PELIS DCT Townsville
3.15 Townsville – Diversions When R737 Active
Southern Diversion
RWY 01 Expect departure clearance via FLEMO
(TL165R52DME) and inbound clearance via
EFFEY (TL177R55DME)
RWY 19 Expect departure clearance via EFFEY and in-
bound clearance via FLEMO
Northern Diversion
Expect departure clearance via EFFEY and in-
bound clearance via FLEMO
AUSTRALIA

4.0 SOUTH AUSTRALIA
T20 Adelaide – Ar- Not AVBL for ACFT departing from Adelaide, Parafield, or Edinburgh.
drossan
T77 VENEL – UVU- Not AVBL for ACFT landing at Adelaide, Parafield or Edinburgh. ACFT
PU – BLACK must FPL T77 VENEL Q53 WOONA Q60 BLACK
A585 Ceduna – Not AVBL for non-jet ACFT landing at Adelaide, Parafield or Edinburgh.
FRAZA (Non-jets to FPL: CDU V621 RIKAB N640 AD)
W426 GULLY – Not to be flight planned ABV 8000'
Stonefield
W238 HOLIT – Ade- Not AVBL southbound
laide
J58 WHA – SPOTA Not to be flight planned southbound unless R292C, R292D, R292E or
R292F is active.
Y98 AVBL Avalon and Tasmania bound flights only.
4.1 Adelaide and Parafield IFR Departures
IFR flights departing Parafield must plan via AD to outbound points shown in the table below
To West and SW via Yorke (Non-jet only )
via GILES
via EEMUE to (KSC)
To North and NW via WAKEN (Non-jet only)
via HAWKY
To North East via SEDAN
via ORBUN (to YOOM, YLLE or YBCS)
via W325 (to BHI)
To East via TBD or PANKI
To South East Via LRT (Non Jet only)
via Y98 (to Avalon or Tasmania only)
4.2 Adelaide and Parafield IFR Arrivals
IFR flights arriving Parafield must plan via Adelaide after passing inbound points shown in the
table below.
From West and SW via AKDAV, FRAZA, MTP or HYDRA (Jet ACFT)
via RIKAB
AUSTRALIA

via EEMUE (from KSC)
From North via MARGO
(Note: FPL via SPOTA (on J58) – ARS – AD when R292C, R292D, R292E
or R292F is active)
From North and via ORBUN (from YBCS, YOOM or YLLE)
East
via W325 (from BHI)
via BLACK
From SE via H345
via LRT (Non-jet only)
NOTE: Aircraft may plan the following exceptions
– TBD GULLY PF, not above 4000' (for ACFT not requiring airwork at AD)
– ARS DCT AD, not above 5000' or at any level if departing from an aerodrome within 10 NM of
ARS.
4.3 Woomera Airspace Diversion Matrix
ATS routes Z90, Z91, Z92, Z93 and tactical waypoints facilitate diversion around Woomera Re-
stricted Areas, in particular Adelaide-Coober Pedy/Andamooka-Adelaide flights.
These ATS routes and waypoints provide RNP2 or GPS RNAV-capable aircraft with the required
separation from the lateral boundaries of the most commonly activated Woomera Restricted
Areas.
The following table outlines the ATS Routes or waypoints to be used in various Restricted Area
activation scenarios.
R Areas Active DEP Waypoint DEST Route Op- Link Routes
tion: All routes are described Northbound
and may be reversed (except Z90 be-
tween HAWKY and MAKEE).
R240/R266A WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA/PAG - GAANY - CARTS -
CBP/NDB
Western Z91: WHA(/PAG) - OLLEE - BANAM -
CBP/NDB
AD/PF Z90: HAWKY - MAKEE - BANAM -
CBP/NDB
OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - GAANY - AMK /NDB -
YOLD
AUSTRALIA

OOD WHA/PAG - GAANY - OOD
R240/R266A, R273 WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA/PAG - HAZOS - CARTS -
CBP/NDB
Western Z91: WHA (/PAG) - OLLEE - BANAM
- CBP/NDB
CBP/NDB
OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - HAZOS - AMK /NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - HAZOS - OOD
R240/R266A, WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA/PAG - GAANY - CARTS -
R266B (East of CBP/NDB
135E)
WHA Western WHA - ERINA - CBP/NDB
PAG PAG - OLLEE - ERINA - CBP/NDB
ERINA - CBP/NDB
WHA/PAG OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - GAANY - AMK/NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - GAANY - OOD
R240/R266A, R273, WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA/PAG - HAZOS - CARTS -
R266B/R283 (East CBP/NDB
of 135E)
PAG PAG - OLEE - ERINA - CBP/NDB
ERINA - CBP/NDB
WHA/PAG OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - HAZOS - AMK/NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - HAZOS - OOD
R240/R266A, WHA/PAG CBP Eastern Z92: WHA(/PAG) - GAANY - CALAR -
R266B/R283 (East CLYDE - RETEP - CBP/NDB
of 135E)
AUSTRALIA

ERINA - CBP/NDB
WHA/PAG OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - GAANY - AMK/NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - GAANY - CALAR - OOD
R240/R266A, R273, WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA(/PAG) - HAZOS - (Z92) CALAR
R266B/R283 (East - CLYDE - RETEP - CBP/NDB
of 135E)
ERINA - CBP/NDB
WHA/PAG OLD Eastern WHA/PAG - HAZOS - AMK/NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - HAZOS - CALAR - OOD
R240/R266A, R273, WHA/PAG CBP Eastern WHA(/PAG) - HAZOS - (Z92) CALAR
R266B, R283 - CLYDE - RETEP - CBP/NDB
OLD WHA/PAG - HAZOS - AMK/NDB -
YOLD
OOD WHA/PAG - HAZOS - CALAR - OOD
R240/R266A, R273, WHA/PAG OOD Western WHA/PAG - ERINA - JORDN - HIINE
R283, R266B (East - CBP/NDB
of 135E)
ERINA - JORDN - HIINE - CBP/NDB

5. VICTORIA
5.1 Melbourne INTL – IFR Departures
To North or NE via H129 DOSEL (Jet ACFT)
via H129 DOSEL W569 SBG (Non-jet ACFT)
via H50 MNG
via H66 NONIX
AUSTRALIA

To West or NW: via H164 KEPPA (Jet ACFT)
via V376 OWENS (Non-jet ACFT)
via V126 YWE
via Q158 CRENA
via H345 NEVIS
via V223 BURRA
To South: via H169 CWS
via W405 Kll
via W15 AV
To East: via Y260 CORRS (See Note)*
via W687 WAREN W449 BRONS
NOTE: *Outbound via N759 (BADGR) or P753 (MILLA) NOT AVBL
5.2 Essendon – IFR Departures
To North or NE: via ML H129 DOSEL (Jet ACFT)
via ML H129 DOSEL W569 SBG (Non-jet ACFT)
via ML H50 MNG
via ML H66 NONIX
To West or NW: via ML H164 KEPPA (Jet ACFT)
via ML V376 OWENS (Non-jet ACFT)
via V126
V126 YWE
via Q158 CRENA
via H345 NEVIS
via V223 BURRA
To South: via H169 CWS
via W405 Kll
via W29 PC
via W422 TEMPL W15 AV
via W382 MB W562 WON (Not ABV 7500')
To East: via Y260 CORRS (See Note) *
AUSTRALIA

via W687 WAREN BRONS
NOTE: *Outbound via N759 (BADGR) or P753 (MILLA) NOT AVBL
5.3 Moorabbin – IFR Departures
To North or NE: via W661 H129 ML DOSEL (Jet ACFT)
via W661 ML H129 DOSEL W569 SBG (Non-jet ACFT)
via W661 ML H50 MNG
via W661 ML H66 NONIX
via W188 ELW (Not ABV A090)
To West or NW: via W661 ML H164 KEPPA (Jet ACFT)
via W661 ML V376 OWENS (Non-jet ACFT)
via W661 ML H345 NEVIS
W661 ML V223 BURRA
via W635 AV (single engine ACFT may plan W661 ML via V126
YWE)
via W499 PC
To South: via W468 CWS
via W538 or W673 (to KII)
via W562 WON (Not ABV 7500')
To East: via W449 WAREN BRONS
5.4 Melbourne INTL – IFR Arrivals
From Northeast: via TAREX Q29 ML (Jet ACFT)
via ELW V169 ML (Non-jet ACFT)
From North or NW: via ARBEY H119 ML
via MNG W477 BOL H119 ML (Not ABV 8000') If OPN RQ for
ABV 8000', contact ATC on 03 9235 7337 for approval)
From West: via ARBEY H119 ML
via WENDY V279 ML (Not ABV FL200 from tracks north of ML
VOR R260, except non-RNAV or NON-RNP ACFT)
From South: via SIMON W405
AV W190 ML
via WON H215 WAREN W687 ML
AUSTRALIA

From East: via FARRA N759 ML
via MILLA P753 WAREN W687 ML
via MOZZA V588 PLE DCT ML
via DUNNE V434 PLE DCT ML
5.5 Essendon – IFR Arrivals
From Northeast: via TAREX UQ205 COLDS V512 EN (Jet ACFT)
via ELW W188 COLDS V512 EN (Non-jet ACFT)
From North or NW: via ARBEY H119 ML DCT EN
via SHT V222 LACEY W188 COLDS V512 EN
via MNG W481 LACEY W188 COLDS V512 EN
via MNG W477 BOL H119 ML DCT EN - Prior ATC approval re-
quired
via MNG PLE at A050 or LSALT A041- AVBL for OPN RQ due
low freezing LVL with prior ATC approval (03) 9235 7337
From West: via ARBEY H119 ML DCT EN (High level RNAV or RNP)
via WENDY W382 EN
From South: via SIMON W405 ML DCT EN
via AV W15 TEMPL W422 EN
via WON H215 WAREN W495 PLE V512 EN
From East: via FARRA N759 ML EN
via MILLA P753 WAREN W495 PLE V512 EN
via MOZZA V588 PLE V512 EN
via DUNNE V434 PLE V512 EN
5.6 Moorabbin – IFR Arrivals
From Northeast: via TAREX UQ205 COLDS W188 MB (Jet ACFT)
via ELW W188 MB (Non-jet ACFT)
From North and NW: via ARBEY H119 ML W661 MB
via SHT V222 LACEY W188 MB
via MNG W481 LACEY W188 MB
via MNG W477 BOL H119 ML W661 MB – prior approval re-
quired
AUSTRALIA

via MNG DCT PLE at 5000' or LSALT 4100' – AVBL for OPN RQ
due low freezing LVL with prior ATC approval (03) 9235 7337
From West: via ARBEY H119 ML W661 MB (High level RNAV or RNP)
via AV W635 MB (single engine ACFT may plan via WENDY
W382 MB)
From South: via TAITE W538 MB or via ALPAL W673 MB
via WON H215 WAREN W449 MB
via WON W562 MB (Not ABV 7500')
From East: via BRONS W449 MB
via DUNNE V434 PLE W188 MB
via MOZZA V588 HARRO W188 MB
5.7 Melbourne CTR – overflying IFR and VFR flights
Due to separation requirements with Melbourne INTL Jet traffic, the minimum ALT for ACFT
planning to overfly the Melbourne CTR is 6000 ft (except for OPS to and from Melbourne or Es-
sendon airports).
IFR ACFT with operational requirements for a lower altitude due to low freezing level must con-
tact the Melbourne Traffic Manager (03) 9235 7337 to make suitable arrangements.
5.8 Alternative Routes
Any variation to the above flight planning requirements requires prior approval from the Mel-
bourne Traffic Manager (03) 9235 7337.
ROUTE REQUIREMENT
6. WESTERN AUS-
TRALIA
6.1 Perth, Jandakot or Pearce IFR Departures
DIRECTION RESTRICTIONS PLAN VIA ROUTE
WEST FL160 and ABV via T12 to KEELS
When R119 areas are active, di-
version of 100NM may be experi-
enced
WEST (230 - 279 PH) 4000 ft and BLW Plan DCT routes
AUSTRALIA
ROUTE REQUIREMENT
NORTH 1. AVBL only FL160 and ABV. via GURAK
2. MNM GRAD 6% or 7% apply for
airspace requirements (Ref: GURAK
SID). ACFT unable to comply plan
via RAVON (non-jet) or AMANA
(jet).
280-049 PH 10,000 ft and BLW Plan via CKL-BIU
An alternate route RTI - JNB is AVBL for unpressurised ACFT at
10,000 ft and BLW. Special conditions apply when R161A active. See
Pearce entry
050-229 PH 10,000 ft and BLW Plan via suitable NAV-AID or
DCT
NORTH/EAST Jet only ABV 10,000 ft via AMANA
NORTH/EAST Non-jet only ABV 10,000 ft via RAVON
SOUTH EAST Jet only ABV 10,000 ft via BROOK
SOUTH EAST Non-jet only ABV 10,000 ft via CANRI thence PUMRY
ALBANY ABV 10,000 ft via SOLUS
SOUTH ABV 10,000 ft via MANDU
6.2 Perth, Jandakot or Pearce IFR Arrivals
DIRECTION RESTRICTIONS PLAN VIA ROUTE
WEST FL160 and ABV via KEELS T12 PH DCT
When R119 areas are active, diversion of 100NM may be experienced.
WEST(230 - 279 PH) 4000 ft and BLW Plan DCT routes
NORTH Jet only Via JULIM
NORTH WEST FL160 and ABV. via CONNI
Non-jet only
NORTH WEST BLW 10,000 ft Plan via BIU-CKL
An alternate route JNB - RTI is AVBL for unpressurised ACFT at
10,000 ft and BLW. Special conditions apply when R161A active. See
Pearce entry
NORTH Non-jet only 10,000 ft and ABV via BIU V16 CONNI
050-229 PH BLW 10,000 ft Plan via suitable NAV-AID or
DCT
AUSTRALIA
ROUTE REQUIREMENT
EAST Non-jet only 10,000 ft and ABV via GRENE
EAST & SOUTH EAST Jet only 10,000 ft and ABV via HAMTN BEVLY
ALBANY 10,000 ft and ABV Via SOLUS
SOUTH 10,000 ft and ABV Via MANDU
6.3 IFR TRAINING FLIGHTS
IFR training flights inbound to Perth to conduct aerial work from the Northeast through east to
Southeast shall plan via either CKL - PH or PIY - PH at or BLW 8000 ft.
6.4 Perth – East Coast – Perth
For ACFT operating in the Great Australian Bight area, only ACFT that are RNAV or RNP capa-
ble may flight plan on the following one-way routes between waypoints listed:
ATS ROUTE ENTRY WPT EXIT WPT
Q32 MTP VOR GRABL
Y135 BURGU AD VOR
Q12 TUNAA ESP VOR
Q158 ML VOR ESP VOR
Y53 BURGU MTG VOR
ACFT flight planing on these routes without correctly indicating their relevant navigation specifi-
cation, will be recleared by ATC on a more suitable route. The following navigation specifications
are acceptable: AUSEP, GPSRNAV; GPSOCEANIC; RNP2; RNP4, RNAV5 with GNSS or IRS/
INS; RNAV10 or RNP10.
ROUTE REQUIREMENT
7. FLIGHT PLANNING – SYDNEY-NEW ZEALAND
DEP AD DEST IFR ROUTE DETAILS
YSSY NZAA DCT SY L521 ESKEL then NZZO Requirements
YSSY NZCH DCT SY M636 PLUGA N750 SULON then NZZO Require-
ments
YSSY NZDN DCT SY Y84 TONIM P766 OMKIN then NZZO Require-
ments
YSSY NZHN DCT SY Y84 L521 ESKEL then NZZO Requirements
YSSY NZPM DCT SY M636 SASRO then NZZO Requirements
AUSTRALIA
ROUTE REQUIREMENT
YSSY NZQN DCT SY Y84 TONIM P766 OMKIN then NZZO Require-
ments
YSSY NZWN DCT SY M636 SASRO then NZZO Requirements

8. FLIGHT PLANNING OPTIONS
This list does not provide every possible flight plan route option available. The listed options can
only be used in accordance with the preceding Flight Plan Requirements.
◆ Indicates alternate routing AVBL
◯ Indicates route for jet ACFT only (Queensland and Western Australia only)
☆ Indicates alternate route for non jet ACFT
NAIPS Stored Routes are identified by either L(number), H(number) or I(number).
The IFR route details provide the appropriate detail for inclusion in Field 15 of the ATS flight noti-
fication.
WPDL YPDN L1 DIL W33 ELBIS M768 DN (ABOVE F240)
WPDL YPDN L2 DIL Z10 DN (AT OR BELOW F240)
WPDB YPDN L1 DCT KIKEM A464 IKUMA J61 DN
WPEC YPDN I1 BACAU W33 ELBIS B583 DN
YABA YPJT DCT ABA W172 PH W114 JT DCT
YARG YPPH DCT ARG T63 BIDAP Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
DCT ARG T28 MOCHO T27 TEF W121 NWN Q67 PH DCT
YANG YPPH ◯ DCT MOPET Q31 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
YAYE YBCS DCT AYE J64 CS DCT
YAYE YBMA DCT AYE J64 MA DCT
YAYE YPPH DCT AYE Q41 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
YBAF YGLA L1 DCT AF W354 BN V134 SU W397 GLA
YBAF YGLA L2 DCT AF W709 GAY W347 GLA
YBAS YBBN DCT AS T11 ROM G326 BN DCT
YBAS YMML DCT AS A461 LEC H119 ML DCT
YBAS YPAD DCT AS J251 WHA H84 AD DCT
YBAS YPPH DCT AS J64 AYE Q41 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
AUSTRALIA

YBAS YSSY DCT AS A576 PKS H319 TARAL Y59 SY DCT
YBBN YAYE DCT BN G326 ROM T11 PULOL Q36 ANGAS V112 AYE DCT
YBBN YBAS DCT BN G326 ROM T11 AS DCT
YBBN YBCS ◯ DCT BN Q26 CS DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 CS DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 SU W397 GLA Q26 CS DCT
YBBN YBHM ☆ DCT BN Q26 HM DCT
DCT BN V134 MK B462 HM DCT
YBBN YBMA DCT BN V179 TAM J89 MA DCT
YBBN YBMK ◯ DCT BN Q26 CAPRI UQ493 PROBO V134 MK DCT
☆◆ DCT BN V134 SU W397 GLA Q26 CAPRI UQ493 PROBO V134 MK
DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 MK DCT
YBBN YBRK ◯ DCT BN Q26 LOAFA Q64 GEESE V134 RK DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 RK DCT
YBBN YBTL ◯ DCT BN Q26 CAPRI UQ493 PROBO V134 TL DCT
◆ DCT BN V134 TL DCT
YBBN YCFS DCT BN H62 LAV W760 GAMBL W214 CFS DCT
YBBN YEML DCT BN V179 IBUNA Q473 HAWKE V129 EML DCT
YBBN YGLA ◯ DCT BN Q26 GLA DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 SU W397 GLA DCT
YBBN YHBA ◯ DCT BN Q26 CORAL YHBA DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 SU Z70 YHBA DCT
YBBN YMAV DCT BN H62 LAV Q94 CANTY H119 ML W15 AV DCT
YBBN YMHB H1 DCT BN H62 ADMAR Q78 SGT W180 SY H65 WOL H20 STH W407
HB DCT
YBBN YMLT H1 DCT BN H62 ADMAR Q78 SGT W180 SY H65 WOL H20 MCO J22
LT DCT
YBBN YMML DCT BN H62 LAV Q94 CANTY H119 ML DCT
YBBN YPAD DCT BN H62 WIZZA UQ440 HARDD Q295 NBR UH408 NYN
T77 VENEL Q53 WOONA Q60 BLACK V454 AD DCT
AUSTRALIA

YBBN YPDN DCT BN V179 IBUNA Q473 HAWKE V129 EML T13 NTN J138 JA-
NUS J61 DN DCT
YBBN YPPH H1 DCT BN H62 WIZZA UQ440 CLEOS DCT CRANE T91 LEC J141
KG Q41 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
YBBN YROM DCT BN G326 ROM DCT
◆ DCT BN W369 ROM DCT
YBBN YSCB H1 DCT BN H62 LAV Q94 PKS W703 CWR W137 CB DCT
H2 DCT BN H62 ADMAR Q78 SGT W180 SY H65 CB DCT
YBBN YSSY ◯ DCT BN H62 CORKY H12 SY DCT
☆ DCT BN H62 MSO W180 SY DCT
YBBN YTNG ◯ DCT BN Q26 CORAL TNG DCT
☆ DCT BN V134 SU W534 GAY W727 TNG DCT
YBBN YWLM ◯ H1 DCT BN H62 MSO W606 WLM DCT
L1 DCT BN LAV W128 MSO W606 WLM DCT
YBCG YBBN DCT CG H185 BN DCT
YBCG YBSU ◯ DCT CG Q69 SU DCT
YBCG YMHB H1 DCT CG UH408 APAGI H62 ADMAR Q78 SGT W180 SY H65 WOL
H20 STH W407 HB DCT
YBCG YMLT H1 DCT CG UH408 APAGI H62 ADMAR Q78 SGT W180 SY H65 WOL
H20 MCO J22 LT DCT
YBCG YMML DCT CG UH408 ISKIM Q94 CANTY H119 ML DCT
YBCG YPAD DCT CG UH408 NYN T77 VENEL Q53 WOONA Q60 BLACK V454
AD DCT
YBCG YSSY ◯ DCT CG UH408 APAGI H62 CORKY H12 SY
YBCG YWLM ☆ DCT CG W214 GAMBL H133 PLO W182 WLM DCT
◯ DCT CG UH408 APAGI H62 MSO W606 WLM DCT
YBCK YBBN BCK W504 TAM V327 MLY V123 BN
YBCS YAYE DCT CS J64 AS V112 AYE DCT
YBCS YBBN ◯ DCT CS Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT CS V264 SPARO V153 RK V123 BN DCT
YBCS YBCG DCT CS Y177 SWIFT Z17 HM Y215 CG DCT
AUSTRALIA

YBCS YBHM DCT CS Y177 SWIFT Z17 HM DCT
YBCS YBMA DCT CS J64 MA DCT
YBCS YBSG DCT CS W309 COE YBSG
YBCS YBTL ☆ DCT CS V264 SPARO V153 TL DCT
YBCS YBWP CS B473 WP
YBCS YGTE DCT CS J61 GUGUK J27 GTE DCT
YBCS YLHR DCT CS W567 LHR DCT
YBCS YMBA DCT CS J64 BIB DCT
YBCS YMML DCT CS Y177 SWIFT R346 TL T139 TOBOB UQ324 CANTY H119
ML DCT
YBCS YPDN DCT CS J61 DN DCT
◆ DCT CS J64 BIB W364 KOW W473 DN DCT
YBCS YPGV ◆ DCT CS J151 GV DCT
◆ DCT CS J61 GUGUK B472 GV DCT
YBCS YSSY DCT CS Y177 SWIFT Y153 ROKUU H12 SY DCT
YBCV YTWB ◆ DCT CV W356 OK W831 TWB DCT
YBHM YBBN ◯ DCT HM B462 MK V153 POONA Y61 TNG Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT HM B462 MK V153 MURPH W258 COBES W534 GAY V123
BN DCT
YBHM YBCS DCT HM Q26 CS DCT
YBHM YSSY DCT HM B462 MK H12 SY DCT
YBKM YPPH ☆ DCT AVKAN W444 BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YBMA YBBN ◯ DCT MA J89 TAM V327 HAWKE Y491 SMOKA Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT MA J89 TAM V327 MLY V123 BN DCT
YBMA YBCS DCT MA J64 CS DCT
YBMA YPDN DCT MA W946 TN J251 DN DCT
YBMA YMTI L1 MA W349 MTI
YBMA YMTI L2 MA W879 MTI
YBSU YBBN ◯ DCT SU Q94 MUDDL BN DCT
☆ DCT SU V217 GAYLA V123 BN DCT
YBSU YBCG DCT SU Q94 MUDDL ESTER CG DCT
AUSTRALIA

YBSU YMML ◯ DCT SU Q94 CANTY H119 ML DCT
YBSU YSSY ◯ DCT SU Q94 LAV H62 CORKY H12 SY DCT
YBMK YBBN ◯ DCT MK V153 POONA Y61 TNG Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT MK V153 MURPH W258 COBES W534 GAY V123 BN DCT
YBMK YBCS DCT MK B462 HM Q26 CS DCT
☆ DCT MK V134 CS DCT
YBNA YSSY DCT BNA W256 PLO W342 SGT W180 SY DCT
YBNA YSSY ☆ DCT BNA W256 PLO W342 SGT W180 SY DCT
DCT BNA W494 GAMBL H98 MSO H62 CORKY H12 SY
YBPN YBBN ◯ DCT PN UY495 COCKA Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT PN W387 MK V153 MURPH W258 COBES W534 GAY V123
BN DCT
YBPN YSSY DCT PN W387 MK H12 SY DCT
YBRK YBBN ◯ DCT RK V111 TNG Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT RK V111 BUDGI V99 GAY V123 BN DCT
YBRK YBUD DCT RK W636 BUD DCT
YBRM YPBO L1 BRM J93 PD Q9 GOOTA V559 PBO
YBRK YGLA DCT or DCT RK W636 GLA DCT
YBRM YPDN DCT BRM J93 CIN J151 DN DCT
YBRM YPKA DCT BRM J93 KA DCT
YBRM YPKU DCT BRM J93 KU DCT
☆ DCT BRM W287 GIB J93 KU DCT
YBRM YPPH ◯ DCT BRM Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT BRM Q67 NWN V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YBRY YPPH DCT KALSA Q28 CHARL Q31 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
YBTH YSBK DCT BTH W575 WYATT V599 WATLE DCT BK DCT
YBTH YSSY DCT BTH W575 BIK W113 SY DCT
YBTL YBBN ◯ DCT TL V153 WALTA Y177 BN DCT
☆ DCT TL W258 MURPH V153 RK V123 BN DCT
YBTL YBCS ◯ DCT TL R346 SWALO Q26 CS DCT
AUSTRALIA

◆☆ DCT TL V134 CS DCT (Non - RNAV or non-RNP)
DCT TL V134 BARIA Q26 CS DCT
YBTL YGON L1 TL ITORT EYSAW APUSS ECATT YGON DCT
YBTL YOSB DCT TL W469 HUG DCT
YBTL YSSY DCT TL W258 JEMMA Y153 ROKUU H12 SY DCT
YBUD YBBN L2 DCT BUD W636 SU V217 GAYLA V123 BN DCT
YBWX YPPH ◯ DCT BWX Z21 TINDA Y40 MRW Y100 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT BWX Z21 TINDA Y40 MRW W185 BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH
DCT
YCAR YPPH ☆ DCT CAR Y100 MRW W185 BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
☆ DCT CAR W14 RTI DCT PH DCT (refer paragraph 6 above)
YCAS YSSY DCT GAMBL H133 PLO W342 SGT W180 SY DCT
YCDU YPAD DCT CDU V621 RIKAB N640 AD DCT
YCFS YBBN DCT CFS W214 GAMBL H66 JCW H185 BN DCT
YCFS YLIS ◆ DCT CFS W223 GFN W446 LIS DCT
YCFS YMML DCT CFS J70 COOPA SGT W180 SY H65 RAZZI Q29 ML DCT
YCFS YSBK DCT CFS W214 RIC DCT BK DCT
YCFS YWLM DCT CFS W214 SORTI H133 CRAVN W674 WLM DCT
YCOM YMML L1 COM V20 ELW V169 ML
YCOM YSSY COM W290 CB W423 CULIN Y59 SY
◆ DCT COM W290 CB W122 BIK W113 SY DCT (Refer requirements)
YCWA YPPH ◯ DCT MOPET Q31 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
YCWR YSSY DCT CWR W168 BIK W113 SY DCT
YDLO YPPH ☆ DCT CLAYS Z18 KELLA Z38 PH DCT
YDPO YMML DCT DPO V246 WON H215 WAREN W687 ML DCT
YEML YBBN ◯ EML UY409 EAGLE Y177 BN
☆ EML W186 GAY V123 BN
YESP YPPH ☆ DCT ESP Q158 HAMTN Z52 GRENE Z38 PH DCT
YFDF YPPH ◯ DCT YFDF Q28 CHARL Q31 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
YGEL YPPD L1 GEL W260 PBO V650 PILBA Y33 PD
AUSTRALIA

YGEL YPPH ◯ DCT GEL Z41 HINDS Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT GEL Z41 MOROK V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
☆ DCT GEL W14 RTI DCT PH DCT (refer paragraph 6 above)
YGFN YSSY DCT GFN W334 PLO W342 SGT W180 SY DCT
YGLA YBBN ☆ DCT GLA V167 MLY V123 BN DCT
☆ DCT GLA W347 GAY V123 BN DCT
YGON YBTL L1 DCT ECATT APUSS EYSAW ITORT TL
YGRS YPPH ☆ DCT MULDM Z38 PH DCT
YGTE YBCS DCT GTE J27 GUGUK J61 CS DCT
YHBA YBBN DCT MYB W848 MLY V123 BN DCT
YHBA YSSY DCT YHBA T55 ITIDE MUDDL LAV H62 CORKY H12 SY DCT
YHOT YMML DCT YHOT Z82 ELW V169 ML DCT
YHOT YSSY DCT YHOT Z224 CB W122 BIK W113 SY DCT (Restriction NOT
ABV FL200 CB-BIK)
YIVL YSSY DCT IVL W606 MSO W180 SY DCT
YKII YMMB ◆ DCT KII W673 MB DCT
◆ DCT KII W405 TAITE W538 MB DCT
YKMP YSSY DCT KMP W403 SORTI W214 SGT W180 SY DCT
YLEO YPPH ☆ DCT LEO Z22 MULDM Z38 PH DCT
YLHI YSSY DCT LHI UH258 SHARK N774 SY DCT
YLHR YBCS DCT LHR W567 CS DCT
YLIS YCFS LIS W446 GFN W223 CFS
YLIS YSSY L3 DCT LIS PLO W342 SGT W180 SY DCT
YLST YPPH ◯ DCT LST DCT SUGAB Q11 CAMEL Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT LST DCT BULGI Z18 KELLA Z38 PH DCT
YMAV YBBN AV W190 ML H66 JCW H185 BN
YMAV YPAD AV W190 ML H345 AD
YMAV YSSY AV W190 ML H129 DOSEL Y59 SY
YMAY YMML DCT AY V147 ELW V169 ML DCT
YMAY YSCB ◆ DCT AY W335 WJS W545 CB DCT
AUSTRALIA

◆ DCT AY W335 WOLBI W377 CB DCT
YMAY YSSY ☆ DCT AY W817 BIK W113 SY DCT
DCT AY J42 ARRAN Y59 SY DCT
YMBA YBCS DCT BIB J64 CS DCT
YMDG YSSY ◆ MDG W575 BIK W113 SY
◆ MDG MQD W551 YAKKA W180 SY
YMEK YPPH ☆ DCT MEK V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
☆ DCT MEK V16 BIU W444 PH DCT (refer paragraph 6 above)
YMEN YPAD DCT EN ML H345 AD DCT
YMEN YSHT DCT EN ML H50 MNG W447 SHT DCT
YMEN YSSY DCT EN ML H129 DOSEL Y59 SY DCT
☆ DCT EN ML H129 DOSEL W569 AY W817 BIK W113 SY DCT
YMEN YWSL ☆ DCT EN W687 WAREN W449 BRONS DCT
YMER YMML L2 MER W441 ELW V169 ML
YMER YSBK L1 MER W436 MRY W40 BIK W817 WATLE DCT BK
YMER YSSY L1 MER W436 MRY W40 BIK W113 SY
YMHB YMML DCT HB W295 LT H215 WAREN W687 ML DCT
YMHB YSCB DCT HB J163 MAKRL POLLI CB DCT
YMHB YPAD DCT HB W519 CLARK J43 BOR H345 AD DCT
YMHB YSSY DCT HB J163 CB W423 CULIN Y59 SY DCT
YMIA YMML DCT MIA V173 CANTY H119 ML DCT
YMIA YPAD DCT MIA V454 AD DCT
YMLT YMML DCT LT H215 WAREN W687 ML DCT
YMLT YPAD DCT LT W105 WYY W564 KII DCT KAYTU J43 BOR H345 AD DCT
YMLT YSSY DCT LT W218 NOLAN UY327 MAKRL J163 CB W423 CULIN Y59
SY DCT
YMMB YKII ◆ DCT MB W673 KII DCT
◆ DCT MB W538 TAITE W405 KII DCT
YMMB YMRY L1 MB W188 ELW V20 COM W667 MRY
YMMB YPAD DCT MB W661 ML H345 AD DCT
AUSTRALIA

YMMI YPPH ◯ DCT MULDM Z38 KELLA DCT BEVLY Q158 PH DCT
☆ DCT MULDM Z38 PH DCT
YMML WIII ML H345 AD A585 HLM DKI
YMML YBAS DCT ML H164 LEC A461 AS DCT
YMML YBBN DCT ML H66 JCW H185 BN DCT
YMML YBCG DCT ML H66 TW Y23 BERNI Y43 CG DCT
YMML YBCS DCT ML H50 TOBOB T139 BOXER T81 BIB J64 CS DCT
YMML YBSU DCT ML H66 GAMBL W214 CG Q69 SU DCT
YMML YHOT ML H129 DOSEL W569 SBG Z47 YHOT
YMML YMHB DCT ML H169 CLARK W519 HB DCT
YMML YMIA DCT ML V376 MIA DCT
YMML YMLT DCT ML H169 DPO W105 LT DCT
YMML YMTG DCT ML V126 YWE W191 MTG DCT
YMML YPAD DCT ML H345 AD DCT
YMML YPDN DCT ML H164 KEPPA UH336 NATYA J19 BHI T25 TNK J30 TN
J251 DN DCT
ML H164 LEC A461 AS J251 DN
YMML YPOD DCT ML V126 POD DCT
YMML YPPH ◆ DCT ML H345 AD N640 MTP Q32 GRABL Q10 HAMTN Q158 PH
DCT
◆ DCT ML Q158 PH DCT
◆ DCT ML V126 POD T134 TAPAX Q27 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
DCT ML V126 POD T65 TEKUP L513 TAPAX Q27 HAMTN Q158
PH DCT
YMML YSCB ☆ DCT ML H129 DOSEL W569 AY W335 WOLBI W377 CB DCT
DCT ML H129 DOSEL Y59 NONUP J142 CB DCT
YMML YSSY ☆ DCT ML H129 DOSEL W569 AY W817 BIK W113 SY DCT
DCT ML H129 DOSEL Y59 SY DCT
YMML YWLM DCT ML H129 DOSEL Y59 SY H185 WLM DCT
YMML YWYY DCT ML H169 CWS W495 WYY DCT
YMND YSSY DCT MQD W551 YAKKA W180 SY DCT
AUSTRALIA

YMNE YPPH ◯ DCT MNE DCT SUGAB Q11 CAMEL Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
YMOR YSSY ◆ DCT MOR W318 TW W130 SGT W180 SY DCT
◆ DCT MOR W572 QDI W702 SCO W551 YAKKA W180 SY DCT
YMPA YPAD DCT MPA RIKAB N640 AD DCT
YMRY YSSY L1 MRY W40 BIK W113 SY
YMTG YMML DCT MTG Y53 WENDY V279 ML DCT
YMTG YPAD DCT MTG W519 AD DCT
YMTI YBMA L1 MTI W349 MA
YMTI YBMA L2 MTI W879 MA
YMYB YBBN DCT MYB W848 MLY V123 BN DCT
YNAR YSSY L2 DCT NAR W762 BIK W113 SY DCT
YNWN YPPH ◯ DCT NWN Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT NWN V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YOLD YPAD L1 YOLD W238 AD DCT
L2 YOLD W566 WHA H84 AD
L3 YOLD AMK GAANY Z92 WHA H84 AD
L4 YOLD AMK HAZOS WHA H84 AD
YOOM YPAD DCT OOM J108 AD DCT
YORG YSSY DCT ORG W801 BIK W113 SY DCT
YOSB YBTL HUG W469 TL
YPAD YBAS DCT AD A585 HAWKY J58 WHA J251 AS DCT
YPAD YBBN DCT AD V361 SEDAN Y27 UVUPU T77 NYN Y340 AMB GLENN BN
DCT
YPAD YBCG DCT AD V361 SEDAN Y27 UVUPU T77 VENEL Y23 BERNI Y43 CG
DCT
YPAD YBHI L2 DCT AD W325 BHI DCT
YPAD YBRM DCT AD A585 HAWKY Q8 AKDAV T20 BRM DCT
YPAD YCBP L2 AD W238 WAKEN W142 WHA W274 CBP DCT
YPAD YCDU DCT AD A585 CDU DCT
YPAD YKSC DCT AD W411 KSC DCT
YPAD YMAV DCT AD Y98 SPIDR Y53 WENDY W382 LLOYD W15 AV DCT
AUSTRALIA

YPAD YMEN L1 AD V255 TBD V211 NHL W291 WENDY W382 EN
YPAD YMHB DCT AD Y98 GRACY J43 CLARK W519 HB DCT
YPAD YMIA DCT AD V361 MIA DCT
YPAD YMLT DCT AD Y98 GRACY J43 KAYTU DCT KII W564 WYY W105 LT
DCT
YPAD YMMB L1 AD V255 TBD V211 NHL W291 AV W635 MB
YPAD YMML H1 DCT AD V255 TBD Y12 ARBEY H119 ML DCT
☆ L1 DCT AD V255 TBD V211 NHL W291 WENDY V279 ML DCT
YPAD YMPA AD A585 FRANZA MPA
YPAD YMTG DCT AD W519 MTG DCT
YPAD YOLD L1 DCT AD W238 YOLD
L2 AD W238 PAG HAZOS AMK YOLD
L3 AD W238 WAKEN W142 WHA Z92 GAANY AMK YOLD
L4 AD W238 WAKEN W142 WHA HAZOS AMK YOLD
L5 AD W238 WAKEN W142 WHA W566 YOLD
L6 AD W238 PAG GAANY AMK YOLD
YPAD YOOM DCT AD J108 OOM DCT
YPAD YPAG DCT AD W238 PAG DCT
YPAD YPDN DCT AD A585 HAWKY J58 WHA J251 DN DCT
YPAD YPKG DCT AD A585 HAWKY H54 MTP T97 KG DCT
DCT AD A585 HAWKY H54 MTP N640 FRT J141 KG DCT
YPAD YPIR AD W238 ACTIN W681
YPAD YPLC DCT AD J15 YORKE V205 PLC DCT
YPAD YPPH ◆ DCT AD A585 HAWKY H54 MTP Q32 GRABL Q10 HAMTN Q158
PH DCT
DCT AD Q12 ESP Q158 PH DCT
YPAD YREN DCT AD V361 SEDAN V324 REN DCT
YPAD YSCB ☆ DCT AD V255 WG W545 CB DCT
DCT AD V255 TBD H36 NONUP J142 CB DCT
YPAD YSBK ☆ L1 DCT AD V255 WG W113 BIK W817 WATLE DCT BK
YPAD YSSY DCT AD H247 CULIN Y59 SY DCT
AUSTRALIA

☆ DCT AD H247 NATYA W762 BIK W113 SY DCT
YPAD YSSY L1 DCT AD V255 WG W113 SY
YPAD YWHA DCT AD W238 WAKEN W142 WHA DCT
YPAG YPAD DCT PAG V384 MARGO H84 AD DCT
YPBO YPPH ◯ DCT PBO Q7 HALEM Q9 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT PBO Q7 HALEM Q9 RANGR DCT BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH
DCT
YPDN WPDL L1 DN J61 IKUMA Z86 DIL (ABOVE FL240)
YPDN WPDL L2 DN J61 JULIE Z69 DIL (AT OR BELOW FL240)
YPDN WPDB L1 DN J61 IKUMA A464 KIKEM
YPDN WPEC I1 DN B583 ELBIS W33 BACAU DCT
YPDN YBBN DCT DN J251 TN A464 TAM V327 HAWKE Y491 SMOKA Y177 BN
DCT
YPDN YBCS DCT DN J61 CS DCT
YPDN YBMA DCT DN J251 TN W946 MA DCT
YPDN YPAD DCT DN J251 WHA H84 AD DCT
YPDN YPPH H1 DCT DN J72 ARG T63 BIDAP Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
H2 DCT DN J151 CIN W257 NWN Q67 PH DCT
H3 DCT DN J72 KU T27 TEF W121 NWN Q67 PH DCT
YPDN YSSY DCT DN J251 TN T74 NYN H319 TARAL Y59 SY DCT
YPGV YBCS ◆ DCT GV B472 GUGUK J61 CS DCT
◆ DCT GV J151 CS DCT
YPIR YPAD W681 ACTIN V432 MARGO H84 AD
YPJT YPKG ☆ L2 DCT JT W114 PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KG DCT
YPJT YMDN ◯ DCT JT W114 PH Y88 AMANA DCT
YPKA YPPH ◯ DCT KA Y97 MUNNI L514 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT KA Y97 MUNNI L514 PALTI DCT BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH
DCT
YPKG YPPH ◯ DCT KG Q41 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
☆ DCT KG V242 KELLA Z38 PH DCT
AUSTRALIA

☆ DCT KG V242 KELLA DCT CUN DCT CKL DCT PH DCT (refer para-
graph 6 above)
YPKT YPDN JULUP J72 DN
YPKU YBRM DCT KU J93 BRM DCT
☆ DCT KU J93 GIB W287 BRM DCT
YPKU YPPH ◆ DCT KU J72 ARG T63 BIDAP Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
◆ DCT KU T27 TEF Q73 CAMEL Q25 DALWU Q67 PH DCT
◆ DCT KU T27 TEF W121 NWN Q67 PH DCT
YPLC YPAD DCT PLC V707 RIKAB N640 AD DCT
YPLM YPPH ◯ DCT LM Y40 MRW Y100 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT LM Y40 MRW W185 BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YPMQ YSBK DCT PMQ W768 SORTI W214 RIC DCT BK DCT
YPMQ YSSY ☆ DCT PMQ W768 SORTI W214 SGT W180 SY DCT
DCT PMQ W768 SORTI DCT CORKY H12 SY DCT
YPMQ YWLM DCT PMQ W106 NICLA W182 WLM DCT
YPOD YMML DCT POD V279 ML DCT
YPPD YGEL L1 PD Q9 GOOTA V559 PBO W260 GEL
YPPD YPBO L1 PD Q9 GOOTA V559 PBO
YPPD YPPH ◯ DCT PD Q9 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
☆ DCT PD Q9 RANGR DCT BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YPPH VHHH DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 METUM R592 BLI B584 VJN
M522 VINIK M754 AKOTA A583 CH DCT
YPPH VTBD I1 DCT PH H17 GURAK N752 PLB G579 SJ B469 VPK M751
I2 REGOS DCT BKK DCT
DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 JABAL T58 SAPDA
A585 PLB G579 SJ B469 VPK M751 REGOS DCT BKK DCT
YPPH WADD DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 METUM R592 BLI DCT
YPPH WIII I1 DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 JABAL T58 SAPDA A585
HLM DKI DCT
I2 DCT PH H17 GURAK N752 MALBI G209 XMX R206 LADIR DKI
DCT
AUSTRALIA

YPPH WMKK I1 DCT PH H17 GURAK N752 PLB G579 VJR A457 VKL DCT
I2 DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 JABAL T58 SAPDA A585
PLB G579 VJR A457 VKL DCT
YPPH WSSS I1 DCT PH H17 GURAK N752 PLB G579 SJ DCT
I2 DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 JABAL T58 SAPDA A585
PLB G579 SJ DCT
YPPH YANG ◯ DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y60 TEANO DCT
YPPH YAYE ◯ DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 ROOKS W408 AYE DCT
YPPH YBAS ◯ DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 ROOKS W408 AYE J64 AS DCT
YPPH YBBN DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 BOSLI Y67 KG J141 LEC T91 AMB
GLENN BN DCT
YPPH YBKM ☆ DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW DCT
YPPH YBRM ◯ DCT PH Y88 BRM DCT
☆ DCT PH Z19 MURCH Y88 BRM DCT
YPPH YBRY DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y60 GUVNA DCT
YPPH YBWX DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Q587 JABAL DCT BWX DCT
YPPH YCWA DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y60 GUVNA DCT
YPPH YDLO ☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 YDLO
YPPH YESP ◯ DCT PH H18 BURGU DCT ESP DCT
☆ DCT PH Z44 ESP DCT
YPPH YFDF H1 DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y60 YFDF DCT
◯ H2 DCT PH Y88 WONYU V35 NWN DCT
YPPH YGEL DCT PH H17 GURAK Z16 ONGAR W14 GEL DCT
☆ DCT PH DCT RTI W14 GEL DCT (refer paragraph 6 above)
YPPH YGRS ☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM Z83 YOKRA Y69
LEO DCT
YPPH YLEO ☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM Z83 YOKRA Y69
LEO DCT
YPPH YLST ◯ DCT PH Y88 MANIG Y18 SUGAB DCT LST DCT
☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 BULGI DCT LST DCT
YPPH YLTN ☆ PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM Z83 YOKRA Y69 LEO
DCT
AUSTRALIA

YPPH YMEK ◯ DCT PH Y88 ANKEL MEK
☆ DCT PH Z19 WIRAL DCT MEK DCT
YPPH YMMI ◯ DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 LEO DCT
☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM Z83 YOKRA Y69
LEO DCT
YPPH YMML H1 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y53 WENDY V279 ML DCT
H2 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y135 YORKE J15 AD V255 TBD Y12 ARBEY
H119 ML DCT
H3 DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 BOSLI Y67 KG J141 BEZZA A585 AD
V255 TBD Y12 ARBEY H119 ML DCT
H4 DCT PH H18 NSM J21 ISLAV N640 AD V255 TBD Y12 ARBEY
H119 ML DCT
YPPH YMNE ◯ DCT PH Y88 MANIG Y18 SUGAB DCT MNE DCT
YPPH YNWN ◯ DCT PH Y88 WONYU V35 NWN DCT
☆ DCT PH Z19 MURCH Y88 WONYU V35 NWN DCT
YPPH YPAD H1 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y135 YORKE J15 AD DCT
H2 DCT PH H18 NSM J21 ISLAV N640 AD DCT
YPPH YPBO DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y44 REMBO V653 PBO DCT
YPPH YPDN ◯ DCT PH Y88 MANIG Y36 BIDAP T63 ARG J72 DN DCT
YPPH YPKA DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 VETEL Z55 KA DCT
YPPH YPKG ◯ DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 BOSLI Y67 KG DCT
☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KG DCT
YPPH YPKU ◯ DCT PH Y88 MANIG Y36 BIDAP T63 ARG J72 KU DCT
YPPH YPLM DCT PH H17 LM DCT
YPPH YPPD DCT PH H17 GURAK Y35 MRW Y44 BUTON PD DCT
YPPH YSCB H1 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y135 YORKE J15 AD V255 TBD H36 NONUP
J142 CB DCT
H2 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y53 RUFLE T131 BOR J142 CB DCT
H3 DCT PH Y88 KARAB Y69 BOSLI Y67 KG J141 LEC W428 BHI DCT
GTH W266 CB DCT
H4 DCT PH H18 NSM J21 GTH W266 CB DCT
AUSTRALIA

H5 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y53 MEMUP UY87 TAPAX T134 SUBUM T8
AY J42 CB DCT
YPPH YSRD ☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM Z67 YAHMO DCT
YPPH YSSY H1 DCT PH H18 NSM J21 GTH UH205 CULIN Y59 SY DCT
H2 DCT PH H18 BURGU Y135 YORKE J15 AD H247 CULIN Y59 SY
DCT
YPPH YWDG ☆ DCT PH Z19 RAVON Z87 ROSMO Z23 KATCM DCT
YPPH YWLU ☆ DCT PH Z19 NORIC Z61 WLU DCT
YPXM YPPH DCT XMX G209 IDOKU Y100 REVOP Q67 PH DCT
YREN YPAD DCT REN V395 BLACK V454 AD DCT
YROM YBBN DCT ROM W369 BN DCT
YSBK YBTH BK W339 KAT W386 BTH
YSBK YCFS DCT BK KAMBA W220 WMD W223 NICLA W446 KMP W196 CFS
DCT
YSBK YSCB DCT BK CORDO V169 CB DCT
YSCB YBBN DCT CB W137 YAS W184 MDG H66 JCW H185 BN DCT
YSCB YMAY ◆ DCT CB J42 AY DCT
◆ DCT CB W545 WJS W335 AY DCT
YSCB YMML DCT CB UQ215 TANTA Q29 ML DCT
☆ DCT CB V169 ML DCT
YSCB YPAD L1 CB W377 HBK W399 COR W475 NHL V211 TBD V255 AD
DCT CB W148 WG Q60 BLACK V454 AD DCT
YSCB YPPH H3 DCT CB W137 CWR W703 PKS J141 KG Q41 HAMTN Q158 PH
DCT
H4 DCT CB W266 GTH J21 NSM Q10 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
H5 DCT CB W266 GTH Q32 GRABL Q10 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
H6 DCT CB J142 BOR Q188 CANDY Q158 PH DCT
H7 DCT CB J42 AY T8 SUBUM T134 TAPAX Q27 HAMTN Q158 PH
DCT
YSCB YSBK ◆ DCT CB W122 BIK W817 WATLE DCT BK DCT
YSCB YSSY ☆ DCT CB W122 BIK W113 SY DCT
AUSTRALIA

DCT CB W423 CULIN Y59 SY DCT
YSCB YWLM DCT CB W122 BIK W113 SY W139 WLM DCT
YSCR YPPH ☆ DCT SCR V242 KELLA Z38 PH DCT
YSDU YSSY DCT DU V138 BIK W113 SY DCT
YSHT YMML DCT SHT W424 CANTY H119 ML DCT
YSNF YSSY DCT NF B450 LHI UH258 SHARK N774 SY DCT
YSRD YPPH ☆ DCT BUNGL Z38 PH DCT
YSSY WSSS DCT SY H44 KAT A576 PKS G222 SAPDA A585 PLB G579 SJ DCT
YSSY YARM DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD W347 ARM DCT
YSSY YBAS DCT SY H44 KAT A576 AS DCT
YSSY YBCG ◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BANDA Y43 CG DCT (Level restrictions
apply)
◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA H133 WMD Y43 CG
☆ DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD H133 GAMBL W598 LIS W549
CG (non-RNAV or non-RNP only)
YSSY YBBN ◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BANDA H185 BN DCT (Level require-
ments apply)
◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA H133 WMD Y43 BANDA H185 BN DCT
☆ DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD H133 GAMBL H66 JCW H185
BN DCT
YSSY YBCS DCT SY H202 RIC H76 NBR H105 HACHI Q165 VOMPA Q499 BIB
J64 CS DCT
YSSY YBHM DCT SY H202 RIC H76 NBR H105 HM DCT
YSSY YBSU ◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BANDA H185 CG Q69 SU DCT (Level
requirements apply)
◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA H133 GAMBL W214 CG Q69 SU DCT
YSSY YBNA L3 DCT SY W139 WLM W182 NICLA W446 KMP W196 BNA DCT
◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BNA DCT (Level requirements apply)
YSSY YBTH DCT SY H44 KAT W386 BTH DCT
YSSY YBTL DCT SY H202 RIC H76 NBR H105 HACHI Q165 TL DCT
YSSY YCAS DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD H133 GAMBL DCT
AUSTRALIA

YSSY YCFS ◆ DCT SY H185 ENTRA H133 WMD W223 NICLA W446 KMP W196
CFS DCT
DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BANDA J70 CES DCT (level require-
ments apply)
☆ DCT SY W139 WLM W182 NICLA W446 KMP W196 CES DCT
YSSY YCOM L1 DCT SY V169 CORDO V20 COM DCT
YSSY YCWR DCT SY H44 CWR DCT
YSSY YGDH DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD W702 QDI W572 GDH DCT
YSSY YGFN DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD H133 PLO W334 GFN DCT
YSSY YGLI DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD W347 GLI DCT
YSSY YHBA DCT SY H185 ENTRA Y245 BANDA H185 CG Q69 ITIDE T55 YHBA
DCT
YSSY YHOT L1 DCT SY VI69 CORDO Z107 YHOT DCT
YSSY YLHI ◆ DCT SY B450 LHI DCT
◆ DCT SY G595 ALLOC DCT ABARB B450 LHI DCT
YSSY YLIS DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD H133 GAMBL W598 LIS DCT
YSSY YMAV DCT SY H65 RAZZI Q29 ML W15 AV DCT
YSSY YMAY ☆ DCT SY V169 CB J42 AY DCT
DCT SY H65 WOL J42 AY DCT
YSSY YMDG DCT SY H202 MDG DCT
YSSY YMEN ☆ DCT SY V169 ELW W188 COLDS V512 EN DCT
DCT SY H65 RAZZI Q29 TAREX UQ205 COLDS V512 EN DCT
YSSY YMHB DCT SY H65 WOL H20 STH W407 HB DCT
YSSY YMLT DCT SY H65 WOL H20 MCO J22 LT DCT
YSSY YMMB L2 SY V169 CORDO V20 ELW W188 MB
YSSY YMML ☆ DCT SY V169 ML DCT
DCT SY H65 RAZZI Q29 ML DCT
L2 DCT SY V169 CORDO V20 ELW V169 ML DCT
YSSY YMND DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 WMD DCT
YSSY YMOR SY W139 KAMBA W220 TW W318 MOR
YSSY YMRY DCT SY H65 WOL H20 NWA W436 MRY DCT
AUSTRALIA

☆ DCT SY V169 CORDO V501 NWA W436 MRY DCT
YSSY YNBR DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 NBR DCT
YSSY YORG DCT SY H44 KAT W595 ORG DCT
YSSY YPAD ☆ DCT SY H44 GTH W451 MIA V454 AD DCT
DCT SY H44 MAXEM Q60 BLACK V454 AD DCT
YSSY YPDN DCT SY H202 WLG R340 TASHA A464 TN J251 DN DCT
YSSY YPMQ ☆ DCT SY W139 WLM W182 NICLA W106 PMQ DCT
DCT SY H185 WLM W182 NICLA W106 PMQ DCT
YSSY YPPH H1 DCT SY H44 AD Q12 ESP Q158 PH DCT
H2 DCT SY H44 GTH J21 NSM Q10 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
H3 DCT SY H44 GTH Q32 GRABL Q10 HAMTN Q158 PH DCT
H4 DCT SY H65 WOL J42 CB J142 BOR Q188 CANDY Q158 PH DCT
YSSY YSCB ☆ DCT SY V169 CB DCT
DCT SY H65 CB DCT
YSSY YSDU DCT SY V295 DU DCT
YSSY YSNF DCT SY B450 NF DCT
DCT SY G595 ALLOC DCT ABARB B450 NF DCT
YSSY YSTW DCT SY W139 KAMBA W220 TW DCT
YSSY YSWG L1 SY V169 EXETA W10 WG
DCT SY V169 CORDO V169 EXETA W10 YAS W10 WG DCT
YSSY YTRE ☆ DCT SY W139 WLM W182 NICLA W223 TRE DCT
YSSY YWLM DCT SY W139 WLM DCT
YSSY YWWL L1 DCT SY H44 CWR W328 WWL DCT
YSTW YSBK DCT TW W183 SCO W702 SGT W214 RIC DCT BK DCT
YSTW YSSY DCT TW W130 SGT W180 SY DCT
YSWG YMML DCT WG W638 AY V147 ELW V169 ML DCT
YSWG YSSY DCT WG W113 SY DCT
YTNG YBBN DCT TNG W727 GAY V123 BN DCT
YTRE YSBK DCT TRE W608 SORTI W214 RIC DCT BK DCT
YTRE YSSY DCT TRE W608 SORTI W214 SGT W180 SY DCT
AUSTRALIA

YTWB YBCV DCT TWB W831 OK W356 CV DCT
YWDG YPPH ☆ DCT KELLA Z38 PH DCT
YWHA YPAD DCT WHA H84 AD DCT
YWLM YBBN DCT WLM W182 NICLA DCT BANDA H185 BN DCT
YWLM YBCG ◆ DCT WLM W182 PLO H133 GAMBL W598 LIS W549 CG DCT
(Non – RNAV or non-RNP Only)
◆ DCT WLM W182 NICLA DCT BANDA Y43 CG DCT
YWLM YCFS DCT WLM W182 NICLA W446 KMP W196 CFS DCT
YWLM YMML WLM W170 LOWEP W180 SY V169 ML
YWLM YPMQ DCT WLM W182 NICLA W106 PMQ DCT
YWLM YSBK DCT WLM W170 MQD W214 RIC DCT BK DCT
YWLM YSCB DCT WLM W284 DONIC W778 HOOKS Q15 WOL H65 CB DCT
☆ DCT WLM W284 SY V169 CB DCT
YWLM YSSY ☆ DCT WLM W170 LOWEP W180 SY DCT
DCT WLM W170 MQD DCT BOREE H12 SY
YWLU YPPH DCT WLU DCT LIRRI Z74 BIU V16 WOORA DCT PH DCT
YWSL YMEN DCT DUNNE V434 PLE V512 EN DCT
YWWL YSSY L1 DCT WWL W328 CWR W168 BIK W113 SY DCT
YWYY YMML DCT WYY V294 WON H215 WAREN W687 ML DCT
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA ESTIMATED VHF COVERAGE
Enroute
Enroute Data - China

ENROUTE DATA - CHINA 191
CHINA
FLIGHT LEVEL TRANSITION PROCEDURES
CROSSING OF RUSSIA/CHINA FIR BOUNDARY

Khabarovsk/Shenyang
During transfer of control the minimum longitudinal separation interval between the aircraft flying
along the same route at the same flight level shall be at least 10 minutes.
When operating eastbound flights along the airway B451 (BISUN) Khabarovsk FIR boundary shall
be crossed at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A
change of flight level shall be carried out in Shenyang FIR.
When operating westbound flights along the airway B451 (BISUN) Shenyang FIR boundary shall
be crossed at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the People’s Republic of China.
A change of flight level shall be carried out in Khabarovsk FIR at 30km before crossing Shenyang
FIR boundary.
Flight levels for westbound flights:

Khabarovsk FIR Shenyang FIR
FL510 (15550m) 15500m (FL509)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL200 (6100m) 6000m (FL197)
When operating eastbound flights along the airway G212, Khabarovsk FIR boundary shall be
crossed via ARGUK at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federa-
tion. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Shenyang FIR.
When operating westbound flights along the airway R213, Shenyang FIR boundary shall be
crossed via MAGIT at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the People’s Republic
of China. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Khabarovsk FIR at 30km before crossing
Shenyang FIR boundary.

FL510 (15550m) 15500m (FL509)
FL470 (14350m) 14300m (FL469)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL400 (12200M) RVSM 12200m (FL401) RVSM
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
CHINA

FL360 (10950m) RVSM 11000m (FL361) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9800m (FL321) RVSM
FL300 (9150m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL280 (8550m) 8400m (FL276)
FL260 (7900m) 7800m (FL256)
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
When operating flights along the airway G494, FIR boundary shall be crossed via SIMLI at flight
levels established for flights in the airspace of the People’s Republic of China. A change of flight
level shall be carried out in Khabarovsk FIR at 30km before crossing Shenyang FIR boundary.
Flight levels for southbound flights:

FL510 (15550m 15500m (FL509)
FL470 (14350m 14300m (FL469)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL400 (12200m) RVSM 12200m (FL401) RVSM
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
FL360 (10950m ) RVSM 11000m (FL361) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9800m (FL321) RVSM
FL300 (9150m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL280 (8550m) 8400m (FL276)
FL260 (7900m) 7800m (FL256)
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
FL220 (6600m) 6600m (FL217)
FL200 (6100m) 6000m (FL197)
FL180 (5500m) 5400m (FL177)
FL160 (4900m) 4800m (FL157)
FL140 (4250m) 4200m (FL138)
CHINA

FL120 (3650m) 3600m (FL118)
FL100 (3050m) 3000m (FL98)
FL80 (2450m) 2400m (FL79)
FL60 (1850m) 1800m (FL59)
Flight levels for northbound flights:

Shenyang FIR Khabarovsk FIR
16100m (FL529) FL530 (16150m)
14900m (FL489) FL490 (14950m)
13700m (FL449) FL450 (13700m)
12500m (FL411) RVSM FL410 (12500m) RVSM
11900m (FL391) RVSM FL390 (11900m) RVSM
11300m (FL371) RVSM FL370 (11300m) RVSM
10700m (FL351) RVSM FL350 (10650m) RVSM
10100m (FL331) RVSM FL330 (10050m) RVSM
9500m (FL311) RVSM FL310 (9450m) RVSM
8900m (FL291) RVSM FL290 (8850m) RVSM
8100m (FL266) FL270 (8250m)
7500m (FL246) FL250 (7600m)
6900m (FL226) FL230 (7000m)
6300m (FL207) FL210 (6400m)
5700m (FL187) FL190 (5800m)
5100m (FL167) FL170 (5200m)
4500m (FL148) FL150 (4550m)
3900m (FL128) FL130 (3950m)
3300m (FL108) FL110 (3350m)
2700m (FL89) FL90 (2750m)
2100m (FL69) FL70 (2150m)
1500m (FL49) FL50 (1500m)
CHINA
Barnaul/Urumqi
When operating flights along the airway B206, FIR boundary shall be crossed via GOPTO at flight
levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A change of flight level
shall be carried out in Urumqi FIR.
Chita/Hailar
When operating flights along the airways A91, G492, G495, FIR boundary shall be crossed via
TELOK at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A change
of flight level shall be carried out in Hailar FIR.
CROSSING OF DPR OF KOREA/CHINA FIR BOUNDARY

Pyongyang/Shenyang
When operating westbound flights along the airways A345 and A575, Pyongyang FIR boundary
shall be crossed via GOLOT at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the People’s
Republic of China. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Pyongyang FIR at 40km before
crossing Pyongyang FIR boundary.
When operating eastbound flights along the airways A345 and A575, Shenyang FIR boundary
shall be crossed via GOLOT at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of People’s
Republic of China. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Pyongyang FIR at 20km after
crossing Shenyang FIR boundary.

Pyongyang FIR Shenyang FIR
FL510 (15550m) 15500m (FL509)
FL470 (14350m) 14300m (FL469)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL400 (12200M) RVSM 12200m (FL401) RVSM
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
FL360 (10950m) RVSM 11000m (FL361) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9800m (FL321) RVSM
FL300 (9150m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL280 (8550m) 8400m (FL276)
CHINA

FL260 (7900m) 7800m (FL256)
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
FL220 (6700m) 6600m (FL217)
FL200 (6100m) 6000m (FL197)
FL180 (5500m) 5400m (FL177)
FL160 (4900m) 4800m (FL157)
FL140 (4250m) 4200m (FL138)
FL120 (3650m) 3600m (FL118)
FL100 (3050m) 3000m (FL98)
Flight levels for eastbound flights:

Shenyang FIR Pyongyang FIR
14900m (FL489) FL490 (14950m)
13700m (FL449) FL450 (13700m)
12500m (FL411) RVSM FL410 (12500m) RVSM
11900m (FL391) RVSM FL390 (11900m) RVSM
11300m (FL371) RVSM FL370 (11300m) RVSM
10700m (FL351) RVSM FL350 (10650m) RVSM
10100m (FL331) RVSM FL330 (10050m) RVSM
9500m (FL311) RVSM FL310 (9450m) RVSM
8900m (FL291) RVSM FL290 (8850m) RVSM
8100m (FL266) FL270 (8250m)
7500m (FL246) FL250 (7600m)
6900m (FL226) FL230 (7000m)
6300m (FL207) FL210 (6400m)
5700m (FL187) FL190 (5800m)
5100m (FL167) FL170 (5200m)
4500m (FL148) FL150 (4550m)
3900m (FL128) FL130 (3950m)
3300m (FL108) FL110 (3350m)
CHINA
Pyongyang/Dalian
When operating westbound flights along the airway B332, Pyongyang FIR boundary shall be
crossed via TOMUK at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the People’s Republic
of China. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Pyongyang FIR at 40km before crossing
Pyongyang FIR boundary.
When operating eastbound flights along the airway B332, Shenyang FIR boundary shall be
crossed via TOMUK at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of People’s Republic of
China. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Pyongyang FIR at 20km after crossing
Dalian FIR boundary.

Pyongyang FIR Dalian FIR
FL510 (15550m) 15500m (FL509)
FL470 (14350m) 14300m (FL469)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL400 (12200m) RVSM 12200m (FL401) RVSM
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
FL360 (10950m) RVSM 11000m (FL361) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9800m (FL321) RVSM
FL300 (9150m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL280 (8550m) 8400m (FL276)
FL260 (7900m) 7800m (FL256)
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
FL220 (6700m) 6600m (FL217)
FL200 (6100m) 6000m (FL197)
FL180 (5500m) 5400m (FL177)
FL160 (4900m) 4800m (FL157)
FL140 (4250m) 4200m (FL138)
FL120 (3650m) 3600m (FL118)
FL100 (3050m) 3000m (FL98)
CHINA

Dalian FIR Pyongyang FIR
14900m (FL489) FL490 (14950m)
13700m (FL449) FL450 (13700m)
12500m (FL411) RVSM FL410 (12500m) RVSM
11900m (FL391) RVSM FL390 (11900m) RVSM
11300m (FL371) RVSM FL370 (11300m) RVSM
10700m (FL351) RVSM FL350 (10650m) RVSM
10100m (FL331) RVSM FL330 (10050m) RVSM
9500m (FL311) RVSM FL310 (9450m) RVSM
8900m (FL291) RVSM FL290 (8850m) RVSM
8100m (FL266) FL270 (8250m)
7500m (FL246) FL250 (7600m)
6900m (FL226) FL230 (7000m)
6300m (FL207) FL210 (6400m)
5700m (FL187) FL190 (5800m)
5100m (FL167) FL170 (5200m)
4500m (FL148) FL150 (4550m)
3900m (FL128) FL130 (3950m)
3300m (FL108) FL110 (3350m)
CROSSING OF RUSSIA/MONGOLIA FIR BOUNDARY

The aircraft operating flights along the airways A808, B161, G491 SULOK (G218 in Mongolia);
A937, A938 BAMUK (M12 in Mongolia); A492, R229, R372, R478 AMUTA (R372 in Mongolia)
shall cross FIR boundary at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Fed-
eration. A change of flight level shall be carried out in Ulaanbaatаr FIR.
The minimum longitudinal separation interval between the aircraft flying along the same route at
the same flight level shall be at least 10 minutes without using the ATS surveillance system and at
least 90km with using the ATS surveillance system.
CHINA

Airways A808, B161, G491 SULOK (G218 in Mongolia)
Chita FIR Ulaanbaatar FIR
FL470 (14350m) 14300m (FL469)
FL430 (13100m) 13100m (FL430)
FL400 (12200m) RVSM 12200m (FL401) RVSM
FL380 (11600m) RVSM 11600m ( FL381) RVSM
FL360 (10950m ) RVSM 11000m (FL361) RVSM
FL340 (10350m) RVSM 10400m (FL341) RVSM
FL320 (9750m) RVSM 9800m (FL321) RVSM
FL300 (9150m) RVSM 9200m (FL301) RVSM
FL280 (8550m) 8400m (FL276)
FL260 (7900m) 7800m (FL256)
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
FL220 (6600m) 6600m (FL217)

Airways A808, B161, G491 SULOK (G218 in Mongolia)
Ulaanbaatar FIR Chita FIR
13700m (FL449) FL450 (13700m)
12500m (FL411) RVSM FL410 (12500m) RVSM
11900m (FL391) RVSM FL390 (11900m) RVSM
11300m (FL371) RVSM FL370 (11300m) RVSM
10700m (FL351) RVSM FL350 (10650m) RVSM
10100m (FL331) RVSM FL330 (10050m) RVSM
9500m (FL311) RVSM FL310 (9450m) RVSM
8900m (FL291) RVSM FL290 (8850m) RVSM
8100m (FL266) FL270 (8250m)
7500m (FL246) FL250 (7600m)
6900m (FL226) FL230 (7000m)
6300m (FL207) FL210 (6400m)
CHINA

Airways A492, R229, R372, R478 AMUTA (R372 in Mongolia)
Ulaanbaatar FIR Irkutsk FIR
14300m (FL469) FL470 (14350m)
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) RVSM FL400 (12200m) RVSM
11600m ( FL381) RVSM FL380 (11600m) RVSM
11000m (FL361) RVSM FL360 (10950m ) RVSM
10400m (FL341) RVSM FL340 (10350m) RVSM
9800m (FL321) RVSM FL320 (9750m) RVSM
9200m (FL301) RVSM FL300 (9150m) RVSM
8400m (FL276) FL280 (8550m)

Airways A937, A938 BAMUK (M12 in Mongolia)
Irkutsk FIR Ulaanbaatar FIR
FL240 (7300m) 7200m (FL236)
FL220 (6600m) 6600m (FL217)

Airways A937, A938 BAMUK (M12 in Mongolia)
7500m (FL246) FL250 (7600m)
6900m (FL226) FL230 (7000m)
The aircraft operating only eastbound flights along the airways A308, R104 and along RNAV
route P865 (A308 in Mongolia) shall cross FIR boundary via GINOM at flight levels established for
flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A change of flight level shall be carried out in
Ulaanbaatаr FIR.
CHINA

Airways A308, R104, P865 GINOM (A308 in Mongolia)
Krasnoyarsk FIR Ulaanbaatar FIR
FL450 (13700m) 13700m (FL449)
FL410 (12500m) RVSM 12500m (FL411) RVSM
FL390 (11900m) RVSM 11900m (FL391) RVSM
FL370 (11300m) RVSM 11300m (FL371) RVSM
FL350 (10650m) RVSM 10700m (FL351) RVSM
FL330 (10050m) RVSM 10100m (FL331) RVSM
FL310 (9450m) RVSM 9500m (FL311) RVSM
FL290 (8850m) RVSM 8900m (FL291) RVSM
FL270 (8250m) 8100m (FL266)
FL250 (7600m) 7500m (FL246)
FL230 (7000m) 6900m (FL226)
FL210 (6400m) 6300m (FL207)
The aircraft operating flights along the airways G808, B951, B716, B330, G122, B928 and along
RNAV routes P864, P983 (B330 in Mongolia) shall cross FIR boundary via NIGOR at flight levels
established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A change of flight level shall be
carried out in Ulaanbaatаr FIR.

Airways G808, B951, B716, B330, G122, B928, P864, P983 NIGOR (B330 in Mongolia)
FL450 (13700m) 13700m (FL449)
FL410 (12500m) RVSM 12500m (FL411) RVSM
FL390 (11900m) RVSM 11900m (FL391) RVSM
FL370 (11300m) RVSM 11300m (FL371) RVSM
FL350 (10650m) RVSM 10700m (FL351) RVSM
FL330 (10050m) RVSM 10100m (FL331) RVSM
CHINA

FL310 (9450m) RVSM 9500m (FL311) RVSM
FL290 (8850m) RVSM 8900m (FL291) RVSM
FL270 (8250m) 8100m (FL266)
FL250 (7600m) 7500m (FL246)

Ulaanbaatar FIR Krasnoyarsk FIR
14300m (FL469) FL470 (14350m)
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) RVSM FL400 (12200m) RVSM
11600m ( FL381) RVSM FL380 (11600m) RVSM
11000m (FL361) RVSM FL360 (10950m ) RVSM
10400m (FL341) RVSM FL340 (10350m) RVSM
9800m (FL321) RVSM FL320 (9750m) RVSM
9200m (FL301) RVSM FL300 (9150m) RVSM
8400m (FL276) FL280 (8550m)
7800m (FL256) FL260 (7900m)
7200m (FL236) FL240 (7300m)
6600m (FL217) FL220 (6700m)
6000m (FL197) FL200 (6100m)
5400m (FL177) FL180 (5500m)
4800m (FL157) FL160 (4900m)
The aircraft operating flights along the airways B480 LETBI; A310, A815, B934, G490 SERNA
(B339, M520 in Mongolia); A575, B715, RNAV route P982 DARNO (A575 in Mongolia) shall cross
FIR boundary at flight levels established for flights in the airspace of Mongolia. A change of flight
level shall be carried out in Krasnoyarsk FIR (DARNO), Irkutsk FIR (LETBI, SERNA) at 30km
before crossing Ulaanbaatаr FIR boundary.
CHINA

Airway B480 LETBI
Irkutsk FIR Ulaanbaatar FIR
FL450 (13700m) 13700m (FL449)
FL410 (12500m) RVSM 12500m (FL411) RVSM
FL390 (11900m) RVSM 11900m (FL391) RVSM
FL370 (11300m) RVSM 11300m (FL371) RVSM
FL350 (10650m) RVSM 10700m (FL351) RVSM
FL330 (10050m) RVSM 10100m (FL331) RVSM
FL310 (9450m) RVSM 9500m (FL311) RVSM
FL290 (8850m) RVSM 8900m (FL291) RVSM
FL270 (8250m) 8100m (FL266)
FL250 (7600m) 7500m (FL246)

Airway B480 LETBI
14300m (FL469) FL470 (14350m)
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) RVSM FL400 (12200m) RVSM
11600m ( FL381) RVSM FL380 (11600m) RVSM
11000m (FL361) RVSM FL360 (10950m ) RVSM
10400m (FL341) RVSM FL340 (10350m) RVSM
9800m (FL321) RVSM FL320 (9750m) RVSM
9200m (FL301) RVSM FL300 (9150m) RVSM
8400m (FL276) FL280 (8550m)
7800m ( FL256) FL260 (7900m)
CHINA

Airways A310, A815, B934, G490 SERNA (B339, M520 in Mongolia)
IrkutskFIR Ulaanbaatar FIR
FL450 (13700m) 13700m (FL449)
FL410 (12500m) RVSM 12500m (FL411) RVSM
FL390 (11900m) RVSM 11900m (FL391) RVSM
FL370 (11300m) RVSM 11300m (FL371) RVSM
FL350 (10650m) RVSM 10700m (FL351) RVSM
FL330 (10050m) RVSM 10100m (FL331) RVSM
FL310 (9450m) RVSM 9500m (FL311) RVSM
FL290 (8850m) RVSM 8900m (FL291) RVSM
FL270 (8250m) 8100m (FL266)
FL250 (7600m) 7500m (FL246)
FL230 (7000m) 6900m (FL226)
FL210 (6400m) 6300m (FL207)

Airways A310, A815, B934, G490 SERNA (B339, M520 in Mongolia)
14300m (FL469) FL470 (14350m)
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) RVSM FL400 (12200m) RVSM
11600m ( FL381) RVSM FL380 (11600m) RVSM
11000m (FL361) RVSM FL360 (10950m ) RVSM
10400m (FL341) RVSM FL340 (10350m) RVSM
9800m (FL321) RVSM FL320 (9750m) RVSM
9200m (FL301) RVSM FL300 (9150m) RVSM
8400m (FL276) FL280 (8550m)
7800m (FL256 FL260 (7900m)
7200m (FL236) FL240 (7300m)
6600m (FL217) FL220 (6700m)
CHINA

Airways A575, B715, P982 DARNO (A575 in Mongolia)
FL450 (13700m) 13700m (FL449)
FL410 (12500m) RVSM 12500m (FL411) RVSM
FL390 (11900m) RVSM 11900m (FL391) RVSM
FL370 (11300m) RVSM 11300m (FL371) RVSM
FL350 (10650m) RVSM 10700m (FL351) RVSM
FL330 (10050m) RVSM 10100m (FL331) RVSM
FL310 (9450m) RVSM 9500m (FL311) RVSM
FL290 (8850m) RVSM 8900m (FL291) RVSM
FL270 (8250m) 8100m (FL266)
FL250 (7600m) 7500m (FL246)
FL230 (7000m) 6900m (FL226)
FL210 (6400m) 6300m (FL207)

Airways A575, B715, P982 DARNO (A575 in Mongolia)
Ulaanbaatar FIR Krasnoyarsk FIR
14300m (FL469) FL470 (14350m)
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) RVSM FL400 (12200m) RVSM
11600m ( FL381) RVSM FL380 (11600m) RVSM
11000m (FL361) RVSM FL360 (10950m ) RVSM
10400m (FL341) RVSM FL340 (10350m) RVSM
9800m (FL321) RVSM FL320 (9750m) RVSM
9200m (FL301) RVSM FL300 (9150m) RVSM
8400m (FL276) FL280 (8550m)
7800m (FL256) FL260 (7900m)
7200m (FL236) FL240 (7300m)
6600m (FL217) FL220 (6700m)
CHINA
The aircraft operating flights along the airway R366 shall cross FIR boundary via NOPUS at flight
levels established for flights in the airspace of the Russian Federation. A change of flight level
shall not be carried out. The minimum longitudinal separation interval between the aircraft flying
CROSSING OF CHINA/KAZAKHSTAN FIR BOUNDARY

Aircraft operating flights between Kazakhstan and China should cross the state border at way-
points RULAD and SARIN at flight levels used in China. The change of flight level should be
made within Kazakhstan airspace by ATC instructions on following airways:
– A124, between BARUR and LAGUK
– A360, between GASBU and BERTO
– A368, between TOLKI and AGUSA
– B142, between GASBU and BERTO
– G270, between BASPI and BERTO
– G155, between BURID and GILAK
or other airway segments as instructed by ATC, but in any case not closer than 30Km to the
state border.
CROSSING OF CHINA/PAKISTAN FIR BOUNDARY

Urumqi/Lahore
Aircraft maintaining flight level 9800m, 10400m, 11000m, 11600m, 12200m from China to Paki-
stan after passing PURPA shall automatically descend to and maintain FL320, FL340, FL360,
FL380, FL400 before Gilgit NDB irrespective of establishing radio contact with Lahore ACC.
Aircraft performing northbound flights along the airways G325, B215 (PURPA) shall change the
flight level in Urumqi FIR on segment not less than 10 minutes after Urumqi FIR boundary. The
boundary shall be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Pakistan.

Lahore FIR Urumqi FIR
41000ft 12500m (FL411)
39000ft 11900m (FL391)
35000ft 10700m (FL351)
33000ft 10100m (FL331)
CHINA
CROSSING OF CHINA/MYANMAR FIR BOUNDARY

Kunming/Yangon
Aircraft performing eastbound flights along the airway A599 (LINSO) shall change the flight level
in Kunming FIR on segment between 75km and 25km before crossing GULOT. The boundary
shall be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Myanmar.

Yangon FIR Kunming FIR
45000ft 13700m (FL449)
41000ft 12500m (FL411)
39000ft 11900m (FL391)
37000ft 11300m (FL371)
35000ft 10700m (FL351)
33000ft 10100m (FL331)
31000ft 9500m (FL311)
29000ft 8900m (FL291)
Aircraft performing westbound flights along the airway A599 (LINSO) shall change the flight level
in Kunming FIR on segment between 75km and 25km after crossing GULOT. The boundary shall
be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Myanmar.

Kunming FIR Yangon FIR
13100m (FL430) 43000ft
12200m (FL401) 40000ft
11600m (FL381) 38000ft
11000m (FL361) 36000ft
10400m (FL341) 34000ft
9800m (FL321) 32000ft
9200m (FL301) 30000ft
8400m (FL276) 28000ft
CHINA
CROSSING OF CHINA/LAOS FIR BOUNDARY

Kunming/Vientiane
Aircraft performing northbound flights along the airway A581 (SAGAG) shall change the flight
level in Kunming FIR on segment between 75km and 25km before crossing ELASU. The boun-
dary shall be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Laos.

Vientiane FIR Kunming FIR
49000ft 14900m (FL489)
41000ft 12500m (FL411)
39000ft 11900m (FL391)
37000ft 11300m (FL371)
35000ft 10700m (FL351)
33000ft 10100m (FL331)
31000ft 9500m (FL311)
29000ft 8900m (FL291)
27000ft 8100m (FL266)
11000ft 3300m (FL108)
Aircraft performing southbound flights along the airway A581 (SAGAG) shall change the flight
level in Kunming FIR on segment between 25km and 75km after crossing ELASU. The boundary
shall be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Laos.

Kunming FIR Vientiane FIR
15500m (FL509) 51000ft
12200m (FL401) 40000ft
11600m (FL381) 38000ft
11000m (FL361) 36000ft
10400m (FL341) 34000ft
9800m (FL321) 32000ft
9200m (FL301) 30000ft
CHINA

8400m (FL276) 28000ft
3600m (FL118) 12000ft
CROSSING OF CHINA/VIETNAM CTA/FIR BOUNDARY

Kunming/Hanoi
Aircraft performing northbound flights along the airway R471 (KATBO) shall change the flight level
in Kunming FIR on segment not more than 75km after crossing KATBO. The boundary shall be
crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Vietnam.

Hanoi FIR Kunming FIR
34000ft 10400m (FL341)
Aircraft performing southbound flights along the airway R471 (KATBO) shall change the flight
level in Kunming FIR on segment not more than 75km before crossing KATBO. The boundary
shall be crossed in level flight at flight levels established in the airspace of Vietnam.

Kunming FIR Hanoi FIR
10100m (FL331) 33000ft
Nanning/Hanoi
Aircraft performing flights along the airway R474 (TEBAK) have to execute level changes from
ICAO to PR of China cruising level system and vice versa between TEBAK and 80km after
TEBAK within Nanning CTA. Cruising levels available westbound: FL200, FL220, FL240, FL260,
FL280, FL300, FL320, FL360, FL380, FL400; eastbound: FL230, FL250, FL270, FL290, FL310,
FL330, FL350, FL370, FL390, FL410.
CROSSING OF CHINA/REP OF KOREA CTA/FIR BOUNDARY

Dalian/Incheon
Aircraft performing westbound flights along the airway G597 (AGAVO) shall change the flight level
in Incheon FIR on segment between NOPIK and AGAVO. The boundary shall be crossed in level
flight at flight levels established in the airspace of China.

Incheon FIR Dalian CTA
40000ft 12200m (FL401)
CHINA

38000ft 11600m (FL381)
36000ft 11000m (FL361)
34000ft 10400m (FL341)
32000ft 9800m (FL321)
30000ft 9200m (FL301)
28000ft 8400m (FL276)
26000ft 7800m (FL256)
24000ft 7200m (FL236)
22000ft 6600m (FL217)
Aircraft performing eastbound flights along the airway Y64 (AGAVO) shall change the flight level
in Incheon FIR on segment between AGAVO and ARIVA. The boundary shall be crossed in level
flight at flight levels established in the airspace of China.

Dalian CTA Incheon FIR
12500m (FL411) 41000ft
11900m (FL391) 39000ft
11300m (FL371) 37000ft
10700m (FL351) 35000ft
10100m (FL331) 33000ft
9500m (FL311) 31000ft
8900m (FL291) 29000ft
8100m (FL266) 27000ft
7500m (FL246) 25000ft
6900m (FL227) 23000ft
CROSSING OF KYRGYZ REPUBLIC/CHINA FIR BOUNDARY

When operating flights on airways B357 and B358, the FIR boundary shall be crossed via
KAMUD at flight levels established for flights within the airspace of People’s Republic of China.
A change of flight level shall be carried out on segment not less than 30km in Bishkek FIR by the
ATC controller's instruction as follows:
– for westbound flights - after crossing boundary of Urumqi FIR;
CHINA
– for eastbound flights - before crossing boundary of Urumqi FIR.

The rate of climb or descent to the assigned altitude shall not be less than 500ft/min or 2.5 m/sec
unless otherwise instructed by ATC.

Urumqi FIR Bishkek FIR
13100m (FL430) FL430 (13100m)
12200m (FL401) FL400 (12200m)
11600m (FL381) FL380 (11600m)
11000m (FL361) FL360 (10950m)
10400m (FL341) FL340 (10350m)
9800m (FL321) FL320 (9750m)
9200m (FL301) FL300 (9150m)

Bishkek FIR Urumqi FIR
FL410 (12500m) 12500m (FL411)
FL390 (11900m) 11900m (FL391)
FL370 (11300m) 11300m (FL371)
FL350 (10650m) 10700m (FL351)
FL330 (10050m) 10100m (FL331)
FL310 (9450m) 9500m (FL311)
FL290 (8850m) 8900m (FL291)
CROSSING OF CHINA/TAIWAN FIR BOUNDARY

Execute level changes from PR of China to Taiwan cruising level system and vice versa on R596
between OKATO and 5NM west of SULEM.
Radio Aids
Radio Aids
Radio Data - Pacific

RADIO DATA - PACIFIC 213
BRUNEI
Name Ident Freq. Class INS Coordinates VAR/Stn Elev.
Decl
Anduki AKI 250.0 H W N04 32.8 E114 22.3 E001 60
Brunei BR 318.0 H W N04 54.0 E114 53.8 E001
Brunei BRU 112.0 V D U N04 52.5 E114 52.9 E001 229
Marudi MDI 404.0 H N04 10.9 E114 18.9 E000
Bandar Seri Begawan BE 108.9 LOC RWY 03 E001

(Brunei Intl)
BI 109.7 LOC RWY 21 E001
FIJI IS
Decl
Lakeba LK 391.0 H W S18 12.3 W178 48.8 E013
Malolo (Nadi) AL 385.0 H M W S17 49.5 E177 23.2 E013
Momi (Nadi) MI 364.0 H W S17 54.0 E177 19.5 E013
Nadi NN 112.5 V D U W S17 39.3 E177 23.7 E013 119
Nausori NA 112.2 V D U S18 02.5 E178 33.8 E013 17
Navakai (Nadi) VK 405.0 H W S17 47.1 E177 25.2 E013
Navua NV 281.0 H W S18 14.2 E178 10.1 E013
Rotuma RM 277.0 H W S12 28.9 E177 04.3 E012
Sawani (Nausori) NO 330.0 H W S18 00.9 E178 28.2 E013
Nadi (Nadi Intl) INN 109.9 LOC RWY 02 E013

OM S17 49.5 E177 23.2
FRENCH PACIFIC
Decl
FRENCH PACIFIC O.T.
Anaa AA 332.5 H W S17 21.4 W145 30.5 E012 58
Atuona AN 294.0 H S09 45.1 W139 00.1 E010 1469
Bora Bora BB 384.0 H W S16 26.7 W151 45.3 E012 51
Fangatau FN 339.0 H W S15 49.3 W140 53.2 E013 59
Hao AO 370.0 H W S18 03.8 W140 57.8 E013 61
Hiva Oa HV 383.0 H W S09 46.2 W139 00.8 E010 1492
Huahine HH 345.0 H M W S16 41.4 W151 01.6 E013 53
Huahine HHN 109.65 V D U W S16 41.1 W151 00.6 E013 41
Moorea-Temae MO 377.5 H S17 28.6 W149 46.5 E013 73
Napuka NP 376.0 H S14 10.5 W141 15.9 E011 58
Raiatea RU 372.0 H W S16 43.3 W151 28.0 E013 52
Rangiroa OA 358.0 H M W S14 57.4 W147 39.6 E012 54
Rangiroa RAN 112.3 V D U S14 57.0 W147 40.4 E012 36
Rurutu RT 282.5 H S22 26.0 W151 22.1 E014 78
Tahiti FA 305.0 H S17 33.2 W149 36.8 E013
Ua Huka UK 372.0 H W S08 56.1 W139 33.3 E010 206
Tahiti I (Faaa) PT 109.9 LOC RWY 04 E013
NEW CALEDONIA
Houailou HL 284.0 H M W S21 15.5 E165 36.7 E012
Ile Art BL 342.0 H S19 43.3 E163 39.8 E012
Ile Des Pins IP 332.0 H L S22 35.4 E167 27.1 E013
Kone KE 270.0 H S21 05.3 E164 50.8 E012
Koumac KC 250.0 H M S20 32.6 E164 15.6 E012
Lifou LFU 113.3 V D U W S20 46.5 E167 14.4 E012 92
Lifou LU 264.0 H L S20 46.6 E167 14.3 E012
Mare MR 388.0 H L S21 28.9 E168 02.1 E013
Ouere (Noumea) MGA 113.0 V D U S22 18.9 E166 28.4 E012
Ouvea OA 402.0 H L S20 38.5 E166 34.3 E013
FRENCH PACIFIC
Decl
Tontouta (Noumea) AV 338.0 H W S22 02.2 E166 15.1 E013
Tontouta (Noumea) FND 354.0 H M W S22 00.0 E166 11.3 E013
Tontouta (Noumea) LTO 112.9 V D U W S22 00.3 E166 12.7 E013 52
Tontouta (Noumea) NW 325.5 H W S21 56.3 E166 04.5 E013
Touho TH 256.0 H W S20 47.4 E165 15.3 E012
Noumea (Tontouta) LT 109.9 LOC RWY 11 E013
TUAMOTU IS
Hao I HAO 113.8 V D U S18 04.9 W140 56.4 E013 35
WALLIS IS
Hihifo (Uvea I., Wallis HOI 113.0 V D U S13 14.4 W176 12.1 E011 113
Is.)
INDONESIA
Decl
Abdulrachman (Malang) ABD 116.1 V D L S07 56.0 E112 42.8 E002
Ambon AMN 115.5 V D U W S03 36.9 E128 11.2 E002 33
Ambon OH 340.0 H W S03 42.8 E128 05.5 E002 33
Ambon PMA 113.6 V D U S03 42.9 E128 05.3 E002 33
Atambua AA 300.0 H S09 05.0 E124 54.4 E002
Bali (Den Pasar) BLI 116.2 V D U W S08 45.0 E115 09.8 E001 46
Balikpapan BPN 117.2 V D U W S01 14.7 E116 56.4 E001 12
Balikpapan OL 365.0 H S01 15.1 E116 54.7 E001
Bamal BDM 112.1 V D U W S03 26.2 E114 43.9 E001 66
Banda Aceh BAC 113.4 V D U W N05 31.4 E095 25.3 W001 65
Banda Aceh NZ 330.0 H W N05 30.7 E095 25.2 W001 65
Bandar Lampung TF 290.0 H W S05 14.7 E105 10.7 E000 200
Bandar Lampung TKG 115.0 V D U W S05 15.6 E105 11.6 E000 200
Bandung BND 117.0 V D U W S06 52.9 E107 30.7 E000 2450
Bandung OY 300.0 H W S06 55.4 E107 38.9 E000 2430
Bandung YY 205.0 H M S06 53.6 E107 33.2 E000
Banjarmasin OU 390.0 H W S03 26.2 E114 45.2 E001 66
Batam BM 370.0 H N01 07.3 E104 06.6 E000
Batam BTM 116.0 V D U N01 08.2 E104 08.0 E000 25
Bengkulu BKL 114.3 V D U S03 51.9 E102 20.6 W000 50
Bengkulu PB 210.0 H W S03 51.6 E102 20.4 W000 49
Biak BIK 112.5 V D U W S01 10.9 E136 05.2 E003 50
Biak ZM 230.0 H W S01 10.9 E136 05.7 E003 46
Bima NMA 115.1 V D H S08 31.2 E118 41.4 E002 70
Bima PO 223.0 H W S08 32.4 E118 41.5 E002
Blimbingsari BS 395.0 H S08 18.8 E114 20.1 E000 197
Blora (Semarang) BA 240.0 H W S06 58.0 E111 25.0 E002
Budiarto (Tangerang) BTO 115.8 V D U S06 17.5 E106 34.0 E001 46
Bula LA 405.0 H W S03 06.2 E130 30.2 E003
Cakrabhuwana (Cirebon) PG 215.0 H L S06 45.3 E108 32.3 E000
Cengkareng (Jakarta) CKG 113.6 V D U W S06 11.3 E106 31.8 E000 86
INDONESIA
Decl
Cilacap CLP 114.9 V D U S07 38.9 E109 02.1 E000 100
Cirebon CA 365.0 H W S06 41.9 E108 33.6 E001
Dili DIL 113.4 V D U S08 32.6 E125 31.7 E003 10
Dili KO 391.0 H W S08 33.1 E125 31.2 E003
El Tari OK 385.0 H S10 10.0 E123 40.5 E002 335
Gorontalo GTL 113.5 V D U N00 38.7 E122 50.9 E001 60
Gorontalo NN 285.0 H W N00 38.7 E122 51.0 E001 59
Halim (Jakarta) AL 215.0 H W S06 11.6 E107 02.4 E000
Halim (Jakarta) HLM 113.3 V D U W S06 16.3 E106 53.2 E000 86
Indramayu IMU 116.4 V D U S06 18.3 E108 20.3 E000 40
Iskandar (Pangkalan PN 238.0 H W S02 42.4 E111 40.0 E001
bun)
Iswahyudi (Madiun) AR 315.0 H W S07 39.9 E111 26.1 E000
Iswahyudi (Madiun) IWY 114.8 T H S07 36.4 E111 26.1 E000 361
Jakarta BB 310.0 H W S05 57.5 E106 50.3 E001
Jakarta DKI 114.6 V D U S05 57.7 E107 02.1 E000 20
Jakarta OB 360.0 H W S06 11.7 E106 51.4 E001
Jakarta TG 275.0 H L W S06 07.8 E106 50.5 E001
Jambi JMB 117.5 V D U W S01 38.2 E103 38.7 E000 82
Jambi NX 365.0 H W S01 37.9 E103 38.4 E000
Jayapura JPA 116.2 V D U S02 35.3 E140 31.9 E004 300
Kaimana ZV 310.0 H W S03 39.7 E133 44.5 E003
Kalijati OZ 385.0 H W S06 33.0 E107 41.0 E000
Kasiguncu (Poso) DF 310.0 H S01 24.0 E120 43.0 E002
Kendari KDI 115.0 V D U S04 04.5 E122 27.2 E002 164
Kendari NI 215.0 H W S04 05.2 E122 24.7 E002
Kerinci KC 201.0 H W S02 05.8 E101 22.0 W001
Ketapang KP 333.0 H S01 49.0 E109 57.7 E001
Ketapang KTG 116.8 V D H S01 49.0 E109 57.9 E001
Kupang KPG 112.2 V D U W S10 10.4 E123 40.7 E002 335
Labuan Bajo LB 238.0 H S08 29.4 E119 53.2 E002 289
INDONESIA
Decl
Lalos TO 370.0 H W N01 08.0 E120 48.0 E002
Lawang LW 290.0 H W S07 49.3 E112 41.4 E001
Lhok Sukon LS 222.0 H N05 03.9 E097 15.6 W002
Maimun Saleh WE 310.0 H W N05 52.0 E095 20.0 W001
Makassar MKS 114.7 V D U S05 02.3 E119 31.6 E002 105
Makassar OJ 375.0 H W S05 04.9 E119 31.1 E002 46
Malang ML 342.0 H W S07 56.0 E112 43.0 E001
Manado MD 255.0 H W N01 28.8 E124 50.3 E002
Manado MNO 114.2 V D U W N01 33.3 E124 55.7 E002 250
Manado MWB 114.8 V D U N01 19.4 E124 57.3 E002 2000
Manado PN 290.0 H N01 29.6 E124 54.6 E002
Manokwari ZQ 207.0 H W S00 53.2 E134 03.1 E003 10
Maros (Makassar) MAK 110.0 V D T S05 03.1 E119 34.0 E002
Matak MK 329.0 H N03 20.9 E106 17.6 W001
Mataram GA 330.0 H W S08 33.8 E116 06.0 E002 52
Mataram MTM 114.5 V D U S08 33.6 E116 04.5 E001 52
Maumere MOF 114.5 V D U S08 38.7 E122 14.5 E002
Maumere NO 250.0 H W S08 38.1 E122 14.2 E002 150
Medan MDN 113.0 V D U W N03 30.3 E098 36.5 W001 200
Merauke MKE 115.8 V D U S08 31.4 E140 25.0 E005 26
Merauke ZP 253.0 H W S08 30.6 E140 24.6 E005
Minangkabau (Padang MKB 114.7 V D U S00 47.2 E100 16.7 E000 16
Pariaman)
Nabire NBR 117.3 V D U S03 22.9 E135 30.1 E003
Nabire ZR 242.0 H W S03 21.7 E135 29.7 E003 49
Namlea HA 290.0 H W S03 14.3 E127 06.0 E002
Oksibil ZX 342.0 H S04 50.7 E140 34.7 E005
Padang OQ 295.0 H W S00 55.5 E100 21.4 E000 9
Padang PDG 116.4 V D U W S00 52.3 E100 21.2 E000 9
Padang QQ 325.0 H M S00 55.3 E100 21.7 E000
Palangkaraya FK 250.0 H W S02 13.5 E113 56.8 E001 82
INDONESIA
Decl
Palangkaraya PKY 114.3 V D U S02 14.6 E113 56.9 E001 100
Palembang OW 395.0 H W S02 54.6 E104 40.6 E000 37
Palembang PLB 115.5 V D U W S02 52.7 E104 39.2 E000 37
Palu OP 270.0 H W S00 55.0 E119 54.3 E001 284
Palu PAL 116.2 V D U S00 53.1 E119 53.7 E001 300
Pangkal Pinang OI 260.0 H W S02 09.7 E106 08.5 E000 109
Pangkal Pinang PKP 114.2 V D U W S02 09.4 E106 08.4 E000 109
Pangkalan Bun PKN 117.4 V D U S02 43.6 E111 41.8 E001 75
Pekanbaru NW 350.0 H W N00 28.0 E101 27.2 W000 102
Pekanbaru PKU 112.1 V D U W N00 25.5 E101 26.5 W000 102
Pitu (Morotai) OX 295.0 H W N02 02.8 E128 17.3 E002
Polonia ON 375.0 H W N03 34.1 E098 40.4 W001 87
Pontianak AT 245.0 H W S00 08.6 E109 24.3 E001 10
Pontianak PNK 113.2 V D U W S00 04.7 E109 22.5 E001 10
Praya LMB 116.0 V D U S08 46.3 E116 17.6 E002
Purwakarta PW 250.0 H W S06 34.0 E107 27.0 E000
Ranai NAT 365.0 H W N03 54.4 E108 24.0 E001
Ranaj RN 345.0 H W N03 55.0 E108 23.0 E001
Rengat AD 280.0 H W S00 20.9 E102 20.0 E000
Ruteng (Satartacik) RG 210.0 H S08 35.9 E120 28.7 E002
Sampit SP 305.0 H W S02 30.3 E112 58.7 E001
Sampit SPT 114.5 V D H S02 29.9 E112 58.3 E001
Semarang ANY 115.2 V D U S06 58.5 E110 22.8 E001 10
Semarang OC 350.0 H W S06 58.5 E110 22.4 E001 10
Singkep NE 320.0 H W S00 29.0 E104 34.6 E001 95
Solo SLO 116.3 V D U S07 30.5 E110 47.7 E001 400
Solo SO 255.0 H W S07 30.7 E110 44.8 E001 350
Sorong MIL 117.1 V D U W S00 53.8 E131 17.4 E002 10
Sorong ZO 389.0 H W S00 55.3 E131 07.7 E002 8
Suai SUI 326.0 H M S09 18.5 E125 17.2 E002
Sumbawa NQ 305.0 H W S08 28.5 E117 24.3 E001 10
INDONESIA
Decl
Surabaya SBR 113.4 V D U S07 22.4 E112 46.3 E001 9
Surabaya WR 400.0 H W S07 22.0 E112 42.2 E001
Tanah Merah ZH 295.0 H S06 06.7 E140 16.0 E005
Tangerang TN 400.0 H S06 17.4 E106 34.1 E001
Tanjung Pandan ND 285.0 H W S02 45.3 E107 45.1 E001 164
Tanjung Pandan TPN 116.7 V D U W S02 43.5 E107 45.2 E001 164
Tanjung Pinang TI 385.0 H W N00 55.2 E104 31.6 E000
Tanjung Pinang TPG 114.8 V D U N00 54.2 E104 30.9 E000 58
Tanjung Redeb BRZ 116.8 V D H N02 09.2 E117 25.8 E001 57
Tarakan OT 398.0 H W N03 19.6 E117 34.2 E002 20
Tarakan TRK 116.6 V D U N03 19.5 E117 33.7 E001 20
Temindung (Samarinda) TG 404.0 H W S00 28.9 E117 09.4 E002
Ternate TR 265.0 H W N00 49.8 E127 22.7 E002 115
Timika TMK 112.7 V D U S04 31.0 E136 52.0 E004 103
Timika ZF 300.0 H W S04 32.1 E136 53.4 E004 103
Waingapu NR 295.0 H W S09 40.2 E120 18.0 E002 33
Wamena ZW 222.0 H W S04 06.0 E138 57.4 E004
Warukin NY 255.0 H S02 13.1 E115 26.0 E001 197
Yogyakarta JOG 112.8 V D U W S07 48.0 E110 18.6 E001 350
Yogyakarta OF 270.0 H W S07 47.1 E110 26.0 E001
Ambon (Pattimura) IAMN 111.1 LOC RWY 04 E002

Bali (Ngurah Rai Intl) IDPS 110.3 LOC RWY 27 E001
Balikpapan (Sepinggan) IBPN 110.9 LOC RWY 25 E001
Banda Aceh (Sultan IBAC 111.3 LOC RWY 17 W001
Iskandarmuda)
Banjarmasin (Syamsudin IBDM 110.7 LOC RWY 10 E001
Noor)
OM S03 25.7 E114 41.2
Batam (Hang Nadim) IBTM 110.1 LOC RWY 04 E000
INDONESIA
Decl
Bengkulu (Fatmawati IBKL 111.7 LOC RWY 13 W000
Soekarno)
Biak (Frans Kaisiepo) IBIK 110.5 LOC RWY 11 E003
Jakarta (Halim Intl) IHAL 111.7 LOC RWY 24 W000
Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta GL 324.0 LOM S06 08.8 E106 34.5 W000
Intl)
ICHL 111.5 LOC RWY 07L W000
GR 282.0 LOM S06 10.4 E106 34.0 W000
ICHR 110.5 LOC RWY 07R W000
CL 258.0 LOM S06 06.3 E106 44.1 W000
ICGL 111.1 LOC RWY 25L W000
ICGR 110.9 LOC RWY 25R W000
Jayapura (Sentani) IJPA 110.3 LOC RWY 30 E004
Makassar (Sultan Hasa- IUJP 110.5 LOC RWY 03 E002
nuddin)
IUPG 111.3 LOC RWY 13 E005
IMAK 110.1 LOC RWY 21 E002
Manado (Ratulangi) IMNO 111.1 LOC RWY 18 E002
ITDO 110.5 LOC RWY 36 E002
Medan (Polonia) IMDN 110.1 LOC RWY 05 W001
OM N03 30.0 E098 36.7
Padang Pariaman (Min- IMKB 111.5 LOC RWY 33 E000
angkabau Intl)
Palangka Raya (Tjilik IPLR 111.7 LOC RWY 34 E001
Riwut)
Palembang (Sultan M IPLB 110.5 LOC RWY 29 E002
Badaruddin II)
OM S02 55.7 E104 46.2
Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif IPKU 111.1 LOC RWY 36 W000
Kasim II)
Pontianak (Supadio) IPNK 111.3 LOC RWY 15 E001
OM S00 04.7 E109 22.5
Praya (Lombok Intl) ILMB 109.9 LOC RWY 13 E002
INDONESIA
Decl
Solo (Adi Soemarmo) ISLO 111.5 LOC RWY 26 E001
OM S07 29.8 E110 51.3
Surabaya (Juanda) ISBY 110.1 LOC RWY 10 E001
OM S07 22.0 E112 42.4
Tarakan (Juwata) ITRK 109.7 LOC RWY 06 E001
Yogyakarta (Adi Sucipto) IJOG 109.1 LOC RWY 09 E001
OM S07 48.0 E110 18.6
JAPAN
Decl
Akeno AK 380.0 H W N34 31.7 E136 41.8 W006
Akeno AKT 112.05 T U N34 31.7 E136 40.5 W007 20
Amakusa AKE 113.45 V D H N32 28.9 E130 09.6 W006 354
Amami ALC 115.5 V T H W N28 26.6 E129 35.0 W005 996
Ami TLE 116.0 V D H W N36 01.3 E140 12.3 W007 114
Aomori MRE 114.1 V D H W N40 44.3 E140 42.3 W009 764
Asahikawa AWE 113.5 V D H W N43 40.0 E142 27.4 W009 769
Ashiya AHT 108.6 T U N33 53.2 E130 39.0 W006 98
Atsugi NJA 115.1 T U N35 26.8 E139 27.2 W006 205
Awaji AJE 115.6 V D H N34 16.2 E134 42.8 W007 884
Chichijima CI 257.0 H W N27 05.4 E142 13.2 W003
Chinen TIC 114.2 V T H N26 09.7 E127 48.0 W004 543
Chitose CHE 116.9 V D H W N42 42.0 E141 41.2 W009 88
Chitose (Sapporo) ZYT 109.2 T U N42 45.9 E141 40.4 W008 89
Choshi CVC 113.6 V T H W N35 43.6 E140 48.0 W007 236
DOUGO DGE 109.6 V D U N36 10.8 E133 19.2 W008 309
Daigo GOC 115.3 V T H W N36 44.7 E140 21.0 W007 1480
Erabu (Okierabu I) ONC 113.1 V T H W N27 26.0 E128 41.9 W005 218
Fukue FUE 115.8 V D H N32 40.1 E128 49.6 W007
Fukuoka DGC 114.5 V T H N33 40.6 E130 23.4 W007 65
Fukushima FKE 113.45 V D H N37 13.5 E140 26.2 W007 1313
Futenma (Okinawa I.) NFO 110.5 T U N26 16.1 E127 44.5 W004 246
Gifu GFT 112.25 T U N35 23.5 E136 51.5 W007 146
Goboh GBE 116.9 V D H W N33 54.6 E135 06.4 W007 1118
Hachijo Jima HCE 116.65 V D H N33 06.9 E139 47.3 W006 339
Hachinohe HVT 108.6 T U N40 33.4 E141 28.2 W008 151
Hachinohe JC 381.0 H W N40 33.0 E141 28.7 W008
Hakodate HWE 112.3 V D H W N41 46.4 E140 49.9 W009 300
Hamamatsu LHD 110.0 D U N34 44.9 E137 40.8 211
Hamamatsu LHT 114.7 T H N34 44.8 E137 42.6 W006 150
Hanamaki HPE 112.8 V D H W N39 26.0 E141 08.0 W008 339
JAPAN
Decl
Haneda (Tokyo) HME 112.2 V D U W N35 33.7 E139 45.7 W007 63
Hofu FMT 113.0 T U N34 02.3 E131 32.8 W006 7
Hokuso (Tokyo) HKE 115.0 V D U W N35 48.9 E140 22.3 W007 177
Hongo (Hiroshima) HGE 117.9 V D H N34 26.0 E132 55.4 W007 1119
Hyakuri HUC 113.3 V T H N36 11.2 E140 24.8 W007 107
Iki (Ikishima) IKE 113.2 V D H W N33 44.9 E129 46.6 W007 219
Iruma YLT 110.6 T U N35 50.4 E139 24.9 W007 295
Ishigaki GKE 117.7 V D H N24 20.5 E124 11.1 W004 114
Itami (Osaka) OW 211.0 H W N34 48.3 E135 24.2 W007
Iwaki IXE 117.7 V D H W N37 08.9 E140 58.5 W007 534
Iwami IME 115.05 V D H N34 40.6 E131 46.8 W007 228
Iwoto IJT 109.8 T U N24 47.1 E141 19.0 W003 370
Iwoto OX 360.0 H W N24 46.3 E141 18.5 W002
Izumo XZE 113.4 V D H W N35 25.0 E132 53.5 W008 43
Kadena (Okinawa) KAD 112.0 V T U W N26 21.4 E127 46.1 W004 127
Kagawa (Takamatsu) KTE 108.4 V D H N34 12.7 E134 01.4 W007 696
Kagoshima HKC 113.3 V T H W N31 41.8 E130 35.0 W006 1909
Kajiki (Kagoshima) KGE 115.7 V D H N31 47.9 E130 43.6 W006 900
Kanoya JA 238.0 H W N31 21.4 E130 50.9 W006 214
Kanoya JAT 113.8 T U N31 21.8 E130 49.8 W006 214
Kansai KN 346.0 H N34 29.7 E135 20.7 W007
Kansai KNE 111.8 V D H N34 25.8 E135 15.1 W007 42
Kasari (Amami) AME 113.95 V D H N28 26.1 E129 42.7 W005 47
Kastner (Zama) XR 379.0 H W N35 30.2 E139 23.8 W007
Kibi OYE 111.0 V D H N34 45.0 E133 50.1 W007 880
Kisarazu KZE 114.5 V D H W N35 24.1 E139 54.2 W007 45
Kochi KRE 113.7 V D H W N33 32.5 E133 40.8 W007 54
Kokubu (Kagoshima) KBE 117.3 V D H W N31 38.6 E130 50.5 W006 1499
Komatsu KMC 112.0 V T H N36 23.8 E136 24.3 W008 18
Komatsushima KJ 352.0 H W N33 58.6 E134 38.9 W006
Komatsushima KJT 113.55 T U N34 00.3 E134 37.5 W007 8
JAPAN
Decl
Kowa XMC 113.5 V T H N34 42.3 E136 57.5 W007 343
Kuga IWC 114.3 V T H N34 04.8 E132 08.8 W007 2145
Kumamoto KUE 112.8 V D H W N32 50.1 E130 50.5 W006 651
Kumejima KXC 116.7 V T H W N26 22.3 E126 43.3 W005 54
Kushimoto KEC 112.9 V T H W N33 26.9 E135 47.7 W007 150
Kushiro KSE 112.5 V D H W N43 02.0 E144 12.2 W009 334
Matsumae WMT 112.1 T U N41 26.1 E140 05.1 W008 695
Matsumoto MBE 117.6 V D H N36 09.4 E137 55.2 W007 2260
Matsushima MXT 114.3 T U N38 24.2 E141 13.5 W008 7
Matsuyama MPE 116.3 V D H W N33 48.8 E132 43.1 W006 64
Memanbetsu TBE 110.85 V D H W N43 53.1 E144 10.0 W009 132
Mihara (Oshima) OSE 109.85 V D H N34 47.3 E139 21.9 W007 156
Miho (Yonago) JEC 116.7 V T H N35 31.9 E133 05.6 W008 1700
Minami Torishima ML 343.0 H W N24 17.5 E153 59.0 E000
Minami Torishima MLT 108.6 T U N24 17.7 E153 59.0 E000 41
Minamidaito MDE 117.8 V D H N25 51.3 E131 15.8 W004 194
Misawa MIS 115.4 V T H N40 42.2 E141 22.9 W008 142
Mishima MIT 110.6 T U N34 46.3 E131 08.3 W006 652
Miyakejima MJE 109.0 V D H W N34 07.1 E139 29.9 W006 144
Miyako MQE 116.6 V D H W N39 51.9 E141 57.1 W007 628
Miyakojima MYC 117.5 V T H W N24 47.2 E125 18.1 W004 198
Miyazaki MZE 112.4 V D H N31 52.7 E131 26.2 W006 54
Miyazu YME 112.6 V D H N35 28.8 E135 08.2 W007 2428
Monbetsu MVE 112.9 V D H N44 18.3 E143 23.7 W009 46
Moriya (Tokyo) SNE 114.0 V D L W N35 56.1 E139 58.9 W007 132
Mukawa (Sapporo) MKE 116.4 V D H N42 33.3 E141 57.3 W009 94
Musashi (Oita) TFE 117.7 V D H W N33 29.4 E131 43.7 W007 100
Nagasaki OLE 116.6 V D H N32 54.3 E129 55.1 W007 154
Nagoya KCC 114.2 V T H W N35 15.9 E136 54.9 W007 74
Naha NHC 116.5 V T H N26 12.5 E127 38.6 W004 57
Nakashibetsu NSE 111.45 V D H N43 34.6 E144 57.0 W009 263
JAPAN
Decl
Nakatane TGE 115.4 V D H N30 36.1 E130 59.5 W006 808
Nanki NKE 109.05 V D H N33 39.7 E135 21.6 W007 338
Narita (Tokyo) NRE 117.9 V D H W N35 46.9 E140 21.8 W007 154
Nasu NZD 114.8 D U N36 47.0 E140 02.1 761
Niigata GTC 115.5 V T H W N37 57.5 E139 06.9 W008 39
Niijima NJC 116.5 V T H N34 20.9 E139 16.3 W006 999
Nikko (Utsunomiya) JD 389.0 H W N36 29.2 E139 51.8 W006
Noto NTE 111.45 V D H N37 17.4 E136 57.8 W008 786
Nyutabaru NHT 115.0 T U N32 04.8 E131 27.2 W006 255
OOTA OTE 115.15 V D U N35 33.6 E139 45.9 W007 40
Obihiro OBE 109.65 V D H W N42 44.0 E143 13.2 W009 531
Odate-Noshiro ODE 114.75 V D H W N40 11.9 E140 21.7 W009 308
Oita TAE 112.1 V D H W N33 13.2 E131 42.2 W006 311
Okayama OKC 115.9 V T H N34 40.3 E134 00.9 W007 783
Oki OIE 109.25 V D H N36 10.6 E133 19.4 W008 270
Okushiri ORE 109.85 V D H N42 04.2 E139 26.6 W009 168
Ominato OM 353.0 H W N41 14.5 E141 08.7 W008 24
Ominato OMT 114.85 T U N41 13.9 E141 08.2 W008 12
Onjuku OJC 115.7 V T H W N35 11.0 E140 22.2 W006 365
Osaka OWE 113.9 V D H W N34 46.6 E135 27.1 W007 76
Oshima XAC 113.1 V T H W N34 42.7 E139 24.8 W006 2088
Otsu CUE 117.1 V D H W N35 01.0 E135 49.6 W007 1576
Oyama MOE 108.65 V D H N34 04.3 E139 33.7 W006 63
Ozuki (Shimonoseki) OC 253.0 H W N34 02.9 E131 03.6 W006 270
Ozuki (Shimonoseki) OCT 112.15 T U N34 02.7 E131 03.0 W006 50
Rishiri RSE 114.6 V D H N45 14.7 E141 11.2 W010 113
SHIRAHAMA SHE 116.05 V D U N33 39.9 E135 21.4 W007 376
Saga SGE 114.75 V D H W N33 08.9 E130 17.6 W006 40
Sakura TYE 112.7 V D H W N35 47.0 E140 15.8 W007 97
Sapporo SPE 113.9 V D H W N43 10.5 E141 18.1 W009 87
Sekiyado SYE 117.0 V D H W N36 00.7 E139 50.4 W007 115
JAPAN
Decl
Sendai SDE 116.3 V D H N38 08.3 E140 55.3 W008 54
Shigi SHD 111.6 D U N34 37.7 E135 39.7 1494
Shimizu SUC 115.2 V T H W N32 45.4 E132 59.8 W006 1480
Shimofusa (Matsudo) SHT 108.2 T H N35 48.1 E140 00.6 W007 96
Shimojishima SJ 250.0 H N24 49.3 E125 08.6 W003
Shimojishima SJE 117.1 V D H W N24 49.3 E125 08.6 W003 66
Shimotsushima VCT 113.6 T U N34 08.0 E129 16.8 W006 597
Shin-Tachikawa TN 366.0 H W N35 43.1 E139 24.0 W006
Shinoda SKE 112.3 V D H W N34 29.5 E135 26.9 W007 244
Shizuhama (Yaizu) YZT 109.2 T U N34 48.9 E138 17.8 W006 78
Shizuoka SZE 110.65 V D H N34 47.8 E138 11.6 W007 448
Shodo STE 114.4 V D H N34 30.7 E134 16.5 W007 2531
Shonai YSE 109.6 V D H N38 48.6 E139 48.0 W008 162
Tachikawa TNT 115.8 T U N35 43.0 E139 24.0 W007 390
Tajima THE 110.45 V D H N35 31.1 E134 47.5 W007 689
Takamatsu TZT 117.5 T U N34 19.6 E133 57.2 W007 1607
Tarama RME 110.65 V D U N24 39.0 E124 40.4 W004 59
Tateyama PQE 112.5 V D H W N34 56.8 E139 53.7 W006 621
Tateyama TET 108.8 T U N34 58.2 E139 50.3 W006 517
Tohoku MWE 114.9 V D H N40 48.5 E141 09.4 W008 444
Tokachi OH 239.0 H W N42 54.0 E143 09.5 W009 416
Tokunoshima TKE 110.45 V D H W N27 49.5 E128 52.9 W005 48
Tokushima TS 332.5 H W N34 07.7 E134 36.4 W007 5
Tokushima TSC 114.9 V T H N34 07.8 E134 36.5 W007 5
Tomo TME 116.4 V D H N34 16.8 E135 00.3 W007 425
Tottori TRE 110.2 V D H N35 31.6 E134 09.9 W007 115
Toyama TOE 110.85 V D U N36 39.1 E137 11.5 W008 116
Toyota (Kitakyushu) TTD 117.2 D H N34 11.4 E131 01.0 2234
Tsuiki TQT 110.4 T U N33 41.3 E131 02.3 W007 55
Tsushima VCE 111.45 V D H W N34 16.9 E129 20.2 W007 220
Ube (Yamaguchi) UBE 110.8 V D H W N33 56.1 E131 17.0 W007 64
JAPAN
Decl
Utsunomiya JDT 112.15 T U N36 31.0 E139 52.5 W007 406
Wakkanai WKE 115.3 V D H W N45 24.4 E141 48.3 W010 49
Yakushima YKE 117.0 V D H N30 22.8 E130 39.8 W006 185
Yamagata YTE 113.0 V D H W N38 23.3 E140 21.5 W007 361
Yao YOE 114.6 V D U N34 35.9 E135 35.6 W007 101
Yokosuka HYE 116.2 V D H W N35 15.3 E139 35.3 W006 490
Yokota (Tokyo) YOK 113.8 T U N35 44.9 E139 21.0 W007 438
Yonago YVE 114.1 V D H N35 29.6 E133 14.0 W007 39
Yonaguni YNE 115.05 V D H N24 27.9 E122 59.9 W004 315
Yoron YRE 112.25 V D H N27 02.7 E128 23.9 W005 74
Yuwa (Akita) UWE 110.65 V D H W N39 37.0 E140 11.2 W008 286
Zao-Yamada ZMO 113.75 V H N38 11.4 E140 20.1 W008 1200
Akita IUW 108.9 LOC RWY 28 W008

Amami IAM 109.3 LOC RWY 03 W005
Aomori IMR 111.9 LOC RWY 24 W008
Asahikawa IAW 110.5 LOC RWY 34 W009
Atsugi IAG 111.3 LOC RWY 01 W007
Fukue IFU 109.7 LOC RWY 03 W006
IFE 110.1 LOC RWY 21 W006
Fukuoka IFO 111.7 LOC RWY 16 W007
IFF 108.9 LOC RWY 34 W007
Fukushima IFK 110.5 LOC RWY 01 W007
Hachijojima IHC 110.1 LOC RWY 26 W006
Hachinohe IHE 111.3 LOC RWY 25 W008
Hakodate IHL 109.3 LOC RWY 12 W009
Hanamaki IHP 109.3 LOC RWY 20 W008
Hiroshima IHG 108.7 LOC RWY 10 W007
Hyakuri IHY 109.3 LOC RWY 03R W007
Iwami IWA 108.1 LOC RWY 11 W007
Izumo IXZ 111.7 LOC RWY 25 W008
JAPAN
Decl
Kagoshima IKG 111.7 LOC RWY 34 W006
OM N31 42.3 E130 47.2
Kanoya IJA 110.3 LOC RWY 26L W006
Kitakyushu IKQ 109.15 LOC RWY 18 W007
Kochi IKR 110.9 LOC RWY 32 W007
Komatsu IKM 110.1 LOC RWY 06 W008
Kumamoto IKU 109.3 LOC RWY 07 W006
Kushiro IKS 108.9 LOC RWY 17 W009
Matsudo (Shimofusa) ISH 109.1 LOC RWY 19 W007
Matsuyama IMP 109.3 LOC RWY 14 W007
Memanbetsu ITB 110.1 LOC RWY 18 W009
IHM 110.3 LOC RWY 36 W009
Misawa (Misawa AB) IMAS 109.7 LOC RWY 10 W008
IMIS 109.7 LOC RWY 28 W008
Miyakojima (Miyako) IMY 108.9 LOC RWY 22 W004
Miyazaki IMZ 108.9 LOC RWY 27 W006
Monbetsu IMV 111.55 LOC RWY 32 W009
Nagasaki IOL 110.9 LOC RWY 32 W006
Nagoya IKC 108.9 LOC RWY 34 W007
Naha IOK 110.3 LOC RWY 36 W005
Nakashibetsu INS 109.35 LOC RWY 08 W009
Nanki-Shirahama INK 108.55 LOC RWY 15 W007
Niigata INC 109.3 LOC RWY 28 W008
Noto INT 108.95 LOC RWY 25 W008
Nyutabaru INH 111.3 LOC RWY 28 W006
Obihiro IOB 111.7 LOC RWY 35 W009
Odate-Noshiro IOD 110.15 LOC RWY 11 W009
Oita ITF 111.5 LOC RWY 01 W007
Okayama IOY 110.3 LOC RWY 07 W007
OM N34 41.4 E133 43.2
Oki IOA 111.55 LOC RWY 08 W008
JAPAN
Decl
Okinawa I (Kadena AB) IKDN 109.7 LOC RWY 05L W004
IKZZ 108.7 LOC RWY 23R W004
Omura IOL 110.9 LOC RWY 36 W006
Osaka (Kansai Intl) IKD 108.1 LOC RWY 06R W007
IKN 110.7 LOC RWY 24L W007
Osaka (Osaka Intl) ISK 110.1 LOC RWY 32L W007
Oshima IIOS 109.35 LOC RWY 03 W007
Rishiri IRS 109.3 LOC RWY 25 W010
Saga ISG 110.15 LOC RWY 29 W007
Sapporo (Chitose) ICB 110.3 LOC RWY 36R W009
Sapporo (New Chitose) ICN 110.9 LOC RWY 01L W009
ICH 110.75 LOC RWY 01R W009
ICS 111.5 LOC RWY 19R W009
Sendai ISD 111.7 LOC RWY 27 W008
Shimojishima ISB 111.5 LOC RWY 17 W004
ISA 110.9 LOC RWY 35 W004
Shizuoka ISZ 109.3 LOC RWY 30 W007
Shonai IYS 110.9 LOC RWY 09 W008
ISN 111.5 LOC RWY 27 W008
Tajima ITH 108.55 LOC RWY 01 W007
Takamatsu IKT 109.7 LOC RWY 26 W007
Tanegashima ITN 108.95 LOC RWY 31 W006
Tokunoshima ITK 110.1 LOC RWY 19 W005
Tokushima ITS 108.9 LOC RWY 29 W007
Tokyo (Narita Intl) ITM 110.7 LOC RWY 16L W007
IKF 111.5 LOC RWY 16R W007
IYQ 111.9 LOC RWY 34L W007
ITJ 110.9 LOC RWY 34R W007
Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) IAD 108.1 LOC RWY 22 W007
Intl)
IHA 111.7 LOC RWY 34L W007
JAPAN
Decl
Tokyo (Yokota AB) IYAS 108.7 LOC RWY 18 W007
IYOK 109.7 LOC RWY 36 W007
Tottori ITR 111.5 LOC RWY 10 W007
Toyama ITO 109.3 LOC RWY 20 W008
Tsushima IVC 108.7 LOC RWY 32 W007
Ube (Yamaguchi-Ube) IUB 110.1 LOC RWY 07 W007
Wakkanai IWK 111.1 LOC RWY 08 W010
OM N45 22.8 E141 42.6
Yamagata IYT 110.1 LOC RWY 01 W008
Yonago (Miho) IYV 108.95 LOC RWY 25 W007
Yonaguni I (Yonaguni) IYN 108.55 LOC RWY 26 W004
KIRIBATI
Decl
Abemama AA 396.0 H W N00 30.0 E173 51.0 E010
Bonriki (Tarawa) BO 390.0 H W N01 22.8 E173 08.8 E009 6
Christmas I. XI 333.0 H W N01 59.0 W157 21.3 E009
Tarawa TW 114.3 D H N01 22.8 E173 08.8 6
NAURU
Decl
Nauru I. NI 113.0 V D U S00 32.6 E166 55.3 E009 14
Nauru I. NI 355.0 H W S00 32.6 E166 55.1 E010
NEW ZEALAND & PAC IS
Decl
COOK IS
Atiu AT 388.0 H S20 00.2 W158 06.4 E013
Manihiki I. MH 380.0 H S10 22.8 W161 00.2 E011
Rarotonga RG 113.5 V D U S21 12.1 W159 48.9 E014 21
Rarotonga RG 352.0 H H W S21 12.5 W159 49.3 E014 40
Rarotonga I (Rarotonga INO 109.9 LOC RWY 08 E014

Intl)
IAV 110.3 LOC RWY 26 E014
NEW ZEALAND
Alexandra LX 117.1 D H S45 09.9 E169 28.8 800
Alexandra LX 386.0 H M W S45 09.9 E169 28.8 E024
Ashburton AS 254.0 H W S43 54.3 E171 48.5 E024 346
Auckland AA 114.8 V D U S37 00.3 E174 48.8 E020 29
Berridale (Dunedin) BE 394.0 H W S46 01.7 E169 59.0 E025
Blenheim BM 117.9 D U S41 30.3 E174 01.9 120
Cape Campbell CC 286.0 H W S41 44.0 E174 16.3 E021
Chatham (Chatham CI 116.2 D H S43 57.4 W176 34.0 50
Islands)
Chatham (Chatham CI 322.0 H W S43 57.4 W176 34.0 E023
Islands)
Christchurch CH 115.3 V D U S43 30.2 E172 30.9 E024 123
Cuvier I. CV 302.0 H S36 26.3 E175 46.6 E018
Eyrewell (Christchurch) YW 116.6 D U S43 23.9 E172 23.1 351
Ferry (Wellington) FY 226.0 H S41 23.5 E175 08.9 E022
Gisborne GS 114.2 V D U S38 39.6 E177 58.7 E021 23
Great Barrier GB 274.0 H S36 14.6 E175 27.7 E019
Hamilton HN 114.0 V D U S37 51.0 E175 20.3 E020 182
Hamilton HN 390.0 H S37 51.6 E175 19.9 E020
Henley (Dunedin) HL 115.7 D U S45 56.8 E170 09.7 131
Henley (Dunedin) HL 378.0 H W S45 56.8 E170 09.7 E025
Decl
Hokitika HK 117.5 D U S42 43.8 E170 57.4 150
Hokitika HK 310.0 H W S42 43.8 E170 57.4 E023
Invercargill NV 116.8 V D U S46 24.7 E168 19.1 E025 15
Kaikoura KI 350.0 H W S42 25.2 E173 41.7 E021
Kaitaia KT 115.8 D U S35 01.8 E173 14.5 270
Kaitaia KT 238.0 H H W S35 01.7 E173 14.5 E018
Kerikeri KK 116.1 D U S35 15.7 E173 54.7 556
Kerikeri KK 226.0 H W S35 15.7 E173 54.7 E019 556
Manapouri MO 117.8 D U S45 29.8 E167 43.1 786
Manapouri MO 346.0 H W S45 29.8 E167 43.1 E023
Miranda RD 314.0 H S37 11.6 E175 17.9 E020
Mount Mary RY 112.5 D U S44 08.1 E170 16.8 3245
Napier NR 113.8 V D U S39 27.2 E176 52.1 E021 20
Nelson NS 116.4 V D U S41 18.1 E173 13.4 E022 24
New Plymouth NP 114.4 V D U S39 00.4 E174 11.0 E021 95
Newlands (Wellington) NL 358.0 H M W S41 13.7 E174 49.7 E022
Nukunonu (Tokelau Is.) NK 394.0 H W S09 10.2 W171 49.9 E011
Oamaru OU 302.0 H W S44 56.8 E171 07.9 E023
Oaonui MCC 111.8 D U S39 24.0 E173 48.9 110
Oaonui MCC 338.0 H S39 24.0 E173 48.9 E021
Ohakea OH 109.0 V T U S40 12.6 E175 23.5 E022
Ohura OR 113.0 D U S38 49.6 E174 48.4 1575
Palmerston North PM 113.4 V D U S40 19.2 E175 38.3 E022 165
Paraparaumu PP 117.3 D U S40 54.2 E174 58.9 38
Paraparaumu PP 242.0 H W S40 54.2 E174 59.0 E022 22
Queenstown QN 113.6 V D U S44 59.0 E168 47.0 E024 1150
Queenstown QN 362.0 H W S45 01.4 E168 44.3 E024
Rotorua RO 112.1 V D U S38 06.5 E176 18.8 E020 944
Springfield (Whangarei) SF 366.0 H W S35 53.1 E174 21.4 E019 133
Surrey SY 350.0 H M W S37 14.3 E175 10.0 E019
Swampy (Dunedin) SW 112.7 V D U S45 47.7 E170 28.6 E025 2438
Decl
Taumarunui TM 1630.0 H S38 55.3 E175 18.8 E020
Taupo AP 116.7 D U S38 44.6 E176 04.5 1335
Taupo AP 230.0 H W S38 44.6 E176 04.5 E021 1335
Tauranga TG 113.2 D U S37 40.7 E176 11.5 13
Tauranga TG 346.0 H W S37 40.7 E176 11.5 E020 13
Timaru TU 115.9 D U S44 18.5 E171 13.5 89
Timaru TU 366.0 H W S44 18.5 E171 13.5 E023 152
Titahi Bay (Wellington) TY 234.0 H S41 07.0 E174 49.2 E021
Tory TR 114.6 D U S41 11.2 E174 21.7 1835
Wairoa WO 246.0 H W S39 03.7 E177 24.7 E020
Waiuku WI 254.0 H M W S37 16.1 E174 48.8 E019
Wanganui WU 116.0 D U S39 57.5 E175 01.6 180
Wanganui WU 382.0 H W S39 57.6 E175 01.6 E020 180
Wellington WN 112.3 V D U S41 20.2 E174 49.0 E022 400
West Port WS 116.9 D U S41 44.6 E171 34.8 13
Westport WS 278.0 H W S41 44.6 E171 34.8 E021 8
Whakatane WK 117.7 D H S37 55.5 E176 54.9 20
Whakatane WK 362.0 H W S37 55.5 E176 54.9 E020 20
Whangarei WR 117.3 D U S35 46.3 E174 21.7 200
Whangarei WR 326.0 H W S35 46.3 E174 21.7 E019
Whenuapai (Auckland) WP 108.8 V T U S36 47.2 E174 37.9 E019 140
Woodbourne WB 115.6 V D U S41 31.2 E173 51.8 E022 109
Auckland (Auckland Intl) IAA 110.3 LOC RWY 05R E020

IMG 109.9 LOC RWY 23L E020
Auckland (Whenuapai IWI 110.7 LOC RWY 03 E019
(Military))
IWP 111.1 LOC RWY 21 E019
Christchurch (Christ- ICH 109.9 LOC RWY 02 E024
church Intl)
OM S43 33.7 E172 26.9
Decl
IHW 110.3 LOC RWY 20 E024
OM S43 25.0 E172 36.9
Dunedin IMN 110.3 LOC RWY 03 E025
MI 358.0 LO S45 52.3 E170 19.2 E025
IDN 109.9 LOC RWY 21 E025
Ohakea (Ohakea (Mili- IRM 110.7 LOC RWY 09 E022
tary))
IOH 111.1 LOC RWY 27 E022
Wellington (Wellington IEB 110.3 LOC RWY 16 E022
Intl)
NIUE
Niue NU 112.7 D H S19 04.5 W169 55.0 200
Niue NU 345.0 H H W S19 04.4 W169 55.0 E013
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Decl
Buka BUK 114.7 D U S05 26.6 E154 40.0 20
Buka BUK 269.0 H W S05 26.6 E154 40.0 E008 165
Finschhafen FIN 232.0 H W S06 36.9 E147 51.5 E006 112
Girua GUA 116.5 D U S08 44.7 E148 15.2 300
Girua GUA 224.0 H W S08 44.7 E148 15.3 E007 233
Gobe GBE 113.6 D U S06 53.4 E143 40.7 181
Gobe GBE 215.0 H S06 53.4 E143 40.7 E006
Goroka GA 1725.0 H S06 04.7 E145 23.4 E006
Gurney GNY 115.6 V D U S10 18.9 E150 21.7 E007 65
Hoskins HKN 114.0 D U S05 27.5 E150 24.9 66
Hoskins HKN 251.0 H W S05 27.5 E150 24.9 E007 177
Jackson (Port Moresby) JSN 380.0 H M W S09 22.6 E147 10.6 E007
Kavieng KVG 117.1 V D U S02 35.1 E150 48.8 E006 23
Kerema KRM 116.9 D U S07 57.8 E145 46.7 10
Kerema KRM 401.0 H W S07 57.8 E145 46.7 E006 223
Kiunga KIU 113.8 D U S06 07.3 E141 17.2 86
Kubuna KUB 1662.0 H W S08 41.6 E146 45.3 E007
Kumul Oil Rig KUT 1737.0 H S08 03.9 E144 33.6 E006
Lae/Nadzab LAE 388.0 H W S06 44.2 E146 59.9 E006
Lihir LHR 218.0 H M W S03 02.7 E152 37.6 E007
Madang MD 116.3 V D U W S05 12.7 E145 46.6 E006 11
Momote MOE 113.5 D U S02 03.7 E147 25.6 30
Momote MOE 212.0 H W S02 03.7 E147 25.6 E005 85
Moro MOR 114.6 D U S06 21.8 E143 15.3 2800
Moro MOR 1642.0 H S06 21.8 E143 15.3 E006
Mount Hagen MH 1689.0 H W S05 50.3 E144 18.5 E005
Mt. Hagen MH 115.0 D U S05 50.3 E144 18.5 5350
Nadzab NZ 113.9 V D U S06 34.1 E146 42.5 E006 230
Ok Tedi OKT 114.8 D U S05 24.6 E141 19.1 3000
Ok Tedi OKT 1632.0 H S05 24.6 E141 19.1 E005
Parer (Port Moresby) PRE 395.0 H M S09 19.6 E147 08.4 E007
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Decl
Port Moresby PY 117.0 V D U S09 27.2 E147 12.9 E006 525
Port Moresby PY 368.0 H L W S09 27.7 E147 14.0 E007
Vanimo VNO 115.6 D U S02 40.7 E141 18.2 10
Vanimo VNO 257.0 H S02 40.7 E141 18.2 E005
Wewak WK 116.6 V D U S03 35.0 E143 40.6 E005
Port Moresby (Jacksons) IWG 110.1 LOC RWY 14L E007

IBB 109.5 LOC RWY 32R E007
PHILIPPINES
Decl
Alabat AL 247.0 H W N14 13.2 E121 55.4 E001
Allah Valley (Surallah) AV 377.0 H N06 22.5 E124 44.9 E002
Bacolod BCD 115.3 V D T W N10 46.5 E123 01.2 W000 106
Bagabang BA 339.0 H N16 37.1 E121 15.2 E002
Baguio BG 272.0 H N16 22.5 E120 37.0 E000
Basa (Floridablanca) BB 404.0 H W N14 58.9 E120 29.1 E001
Basco BS 116.0 D U N20 27.0 E121 58.5 291
Basco BS 276.0 H N20 27.1 E121 58.5 W002 291
Butuan BN 112.5 V D U N08 57.3 E125 29.2 E001 150
Cabanatuan CAB 112.7 V D U N15 28.9 E121 01.5 W001 120
Cagayan De Oro CGO 113.3 V D U W N08 24.9 E124 36.5 W000 633
Caticlan CAT 113.4 D U N11 55.5 E121 57.2 30
Caticlan CT 379.0 H N11 55.5 E121 57.5 W001
Cauayan CUY 116.5 V D H N16 55.9 E121 44.9 W002
Clark (Angeles) CIA 113.1 V D U A N15 11.2 E120 33.6 W001
Cotabato (Dinaig) COT 113.7 V D U N07 10.0 E124 12.5 E001 189
Davao DAO 112.1 V D H N07 07.9 E125 39.2 E000 95
Dipolog DI 389.0 H N08 36.1 E123 20.5 E001
Dumaguete DGT 114.1 V U W N09 20.0 E123 18.4 E001
Iloilo IOO 116.3 V D H N10 50.1 E122 29.5 W000 175
Jolo JL 404.0 H N06 03.4 E121 01.0 E002
Jomalig JOM 116.7 V D U N14 42.3 E122 19.8 W001 37
Kalibo KL 298.0 H N11 41.1 E122 22.9 E000
Kalibo KLO 113.0 V D U A N11 41.0 E122 23.0 W001 50
Laoag LAO 112.9 V D U W N18 10.7 E120 31.7 W002 53
Laoag PRD 114.1 T H N18 24.0 E120 38.0 W000 400
Legaspi LP 112.2 V D U W N13 09.1 E123 43.6 W000 66
Lipa LIP 115.1 V U N13 57.4 E121 07.6 W001
Lubang LBG 117.5 V D U W N13 51.2 E120 06.4 W000 43
Mactan (Lapu-Lapu) MCT 114.3 V D U W N10 18.8 E123 59.3 W001 33
Mactan (Lapu-Lapu) MCT 331.0 H W N10 18.6 E123 59.1 W001
PHILIPPINES
Decl
Manila MIA 113.8 V D U N14 30.5 E121 01.3 W001 74
Masbate MBT 115.7 D T N12 22.2 E123 37.8 55
Naga (Pili) NGA 114.7 V D T N13 34.9 E123 16.2 W000 150
New Clark CIA 362.0 H N15 12.6 E120 34.3 W001
Ozamis OZ 267.0 H N08 10.4 E123 50.0 E001 16
Pagadian PN 242.0 H N07 49.6 E123 28.8 E001
Pamalican (Quinaluban PIN 373.0 H N11 21.4 E120 43.4 W001
I.)
Plaridel PL 295.0 H W N14 52.9 E120 51.1 W000
Puerto Princesa PR 115.9 V D U N09 44.5 E118 45.2 E000 85
Puerto Princesa PR 292.0 H W N09 44.2 E118 45.2 E000
Roxas ROX 112.9 V D U W N11 35.8 E122 45.3 W001 47
Roxas RXT 113.3 T H N11 36.0 E122 45.0 E000 10
San Fernando SAN 114.5 V U N16 43.7 E120 21.5 W001
San Jose SAJ 117.1 V D U N12 21.6 E121 02.6 W000 20
Surigao SU 415.0 H N09 45.6 E125 29.0 E000 20
Tacloban TAC 115.5 V D T N11 13.9 E125 01.6 W001 39
Tambler GSA 114.5 V D U N06 04.5 E125 05.5 W000 550
Tandag TD 232.0 H N09 04.2 E126 10.3 W000 16
Tuguegarao TUG 112.1 D U N17 38.0 E121 44.2 69
Virac VC 268.0 H N13 37.6 E124 12.8 E000
Zamboanga ZAM 113.9 V D U W N06 55.5 E122 03.3 W000 51
Angeles City (Diosdado ICA 109.3 LOC RWY 02R W001

Macapagal Intl)
ICK 110.1 LOC RWY 20L W001
Cagayan De Oro ICO 110.1 LOC RWY 19 W000
Davao (Bangoy Intl) IDAO 109.1 LOC RWY 05 E000
IDVO 109.9 LOC RWY 23 E000
General Santos City IGSA 109.5 LOC RWY 17 W000
(Tambler Natl)
PHILIPPINES
Decl
Iloilo IIO 111.5 LOC RWY 20 W000
Kalibo IKLO 110.3 LOC RWY 23 W001
Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/ IMT 109.9 LOC RWY 04 W001
Mactan-Cebu Intl)
IMCT 109.1 LOC RWY 22 W001
Manila (Ninoy Aquino IML 109.1 LOC RWY 06 W001
Intl)
IMA 109.9 LOC RWY 24 W001
Silay (Bacolod) IBCD 109.7 LOC RWY 03 W000
Subic Bay (Subic Bay ISBA 109.5 LOC RWY 07 W001
Intl)
ISBI 110.9 LOC RWY 25 W001
Zamboanga (Zam- IZAM 109.1 LOC RWY 09 E001
boanga Intl)
SAMOA
Decl
Faleolo (Upolu I.) FA 113.9 V D U W S13 49.8 W171 59.6 E012 11
Apia (Faleolo Intl) IAP 109.9 LOC RWY 08 E011

SOLOMON IS
Decl
Auki AI 360.0 H W S08 42.1 E160 40.9 E009
Graciosa Bay GB 370.0 H M W S10 43.4 E165 46.9 E010
Honiara HN 113.6 V D U S09 26.1 E160 02.2 E009 32
Honiara HN 348.0 H W S09 25.1 E160 03.2 E009
TONGA
Decl
Fua'Amotu TBU 114.5 V D U S21 14.7 W175 08.9 E013 22
Fua'Amotu (Tonga) FM 245.0 H W S21 15.0 W175 08.7 E014 22
Ha'Apai (Lifuka I.) HA 380.0 H W S19 46.7 W174 20.5 E013
Ono-I-Lau OI 350.0 H S20 39.2 W178 44.5 E014
Vava'u TV 400.0 H W S18 35.1 W173 58.2 E013
TUVALU
Decl
Funafuti FU 113.3 D H S08 31.5 E179 11.9 9
Funafuti FU 340.0 H W S08 31.5 E179 11.9 E010 128
US PAC TERR
Decl
AMER SAMOA
Logotala Hill (Pago LOG 242.0 H M W S14 21.2 W170 44.9 E012 377
Pago)
Pago Pago TUT 112.5 V T H W S14 20.0 W170 42.5 E012 10
Pago Pago TUT 403.0 H H W S14 19.9 W170 43.2 E012
Pago Pago (Pago Pago ITUT 110.3 LOC RWY 05 E012

Intl)
GUAM
Andersen (Guam) UAM 111.7 T H N13 35.5 E144 56.8 E001 627
Mount Macajna (Guam) AJA 385.0 H W N13 27.2 E144 44.2 E002 298
Nimitz UNZ 115.8 V T H W N13 27.3 E144 44.0 E001 680
Agana (Guam Intl) IGUM 110.3 LOC RWY 06L E002

OM N13 26.7 E144 42.5
IAWD 110.9 LOC RWY 06R E002
Guam I (Andersen AFB) IUAM 110.1 LOC RWY 06R E002
MARSHALL IS
Bucholz (Kwajalein I.) NDJ 359.0 H W N08 43.3 E167 43.7 E009 15
MICRONESIA
Koror ROR 115.7 D U N07 22.1 E134 33.0 191
Koror ROR 371.0 H W N07 22.1 E134 33.0 E001 182
Kosrae UKS 115.3 D U N05 21.1 E162 57.4 9
Kosrae UKS 393.0 H W N05 21.1 E162 57.4 E008 74
Pohnpei PNI 111.0 D H N06 59.0 E158 12.1 10
Pohnpei PNI 366.0 H W N06 58.9 E158 12.1 E007 10
Truk (Weeno Island) TKK 116.4 D U N07 27.4 E151 50.4 96
Truk (Weeno Island) TKK 375.0 H W N07 27.4 E151 50.4 E005 96
Yap YP 117.5 D U N09 30.0 E138 05.3 91
Yap YP 317.0 H W N09 30.0 E138 05.3 E001 91
US PAC TERR
Decl
MIDWAY I
Midway MDY 400.0 H W N28 12.2 W177 22.8 E010 13
N MARIANA IS
Rota GRO 332.0 H W N14 10.3 E145 14.4 E002 588
Saipan SN 312.0 H M W N15 06.7 E145 42.6 E002
VANUATU
Decl
Bauerfield BA 361.0 H W S17 41.6 E168 16.1 E012
Port Vila VLI 114.3 V D U S17 39.7 E168 14.6 E012 1000
Santo/Pekoa SON 114.5 D U S15 30.4 E167 13.0 184
Santo/Pekoa SON 412.0 H S15 30.4 E167 13.0 E011
White Grass WG 398.0 H S19 27.7 E169 13.5 E012
Port Vila (Bauerfield) IBF 110.7 LOC RWY 11 E012

NAVIGATION AIDS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER - PACIFIC BASIN
(See end of listing for Localizers)
A ANY Semarang, Indonesia

AA Abemama, Kiribati AO Hao, French Pacific O.T.
AA Anaa, French Pacific O.T. AP Anbu (Taipei), Taiwan
AA Atambua, Indonesia AP Attopeu, Laos
AA Auckland, New Zealand AP Kluang, Malaysia
ABA Albany, W Australia AP Taupo, New Zealand
ABD Abdulrachman (Malang), Indonesia APU Anbu (Taipei), Taiwan
AC Anloc, Vietnam AR Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia
AD Adelaide, S Australia ARC Arcadia (Melbourne), Victoria
AD Rengat, Indonesia ARG Argyle, W Australia
AF Archerfield (Brisbane), Queensland ARM Armidale, New South Wales
AG Sembawang (Singapore), Singapore ARS Ardrossan, S Australia
AHT Ashiya, Japan AS Alice Springs, Northern Terr.
AI Auki, Solomon Is AS Anisakan, Myanmar
AJA Mount Macajna (Guam), Guam AS Ashburton, New Zealand
AJE Awaji, Japan AT Alor Star, Malaysia
AK Akeno, Japan AT Atiu, Cook Is
AKE Amakusa, Japan AT Pontianak, Indonesia
AKI Anduki, Brunei AV Allah Valley (Surallah), Philippines
AKT Akeno, Japan AV Avalon, Victoria
AL Alabat, Philippines AV Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia
AL Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia AWE Asahikawa, Japan
AL Malolo (Nadi), Fiji Is AY Albury, New South Wales
ALC Amami, Japan AY Kangshan, Taiwan
AM Gialam (Hanoi), Vietnam AYE Ayers Rock, Northern Terr.
AMB Amberley, Queensland
B
AME Kasari (Amami), Japan
B Haiphong, Vietnam
AMK Andamooka, S Australia
BA Bagabang, Philippines
AMN Ambon, Indonesia
BA Bauerfield, Vanuatu
AN Ann, Myanmar
BA Blora (Semarang), Indonesia
AN Atuona, French Pacific O.T.
BAC Banda Aceh, Indonesia BKK Bangkok, Thailand

BAR Barcaldine, Queensland BKL Bengkulu, Indonesia
BB Basa (Floridablanca), Philippines BKT Burketown, Queensland
BB Battambang, Cambodia BL Ile Art, New Caledonia
BB Bora Bora, French Pacific O.T. BLI Bali (Den Pasar), Indonesia
BB Jakarta, Indonesia BLN Busselton, W Australia
BCD Bacolod, Philippines BLT Ballarat, Victoria
BCK Blackall, Queensland BM Banmaw, Myanmar
BDG Bendigo, Victoria BM Batam, Indonesia
BDM Bamal, Indonesia BM Blenheim, New Zealand
BDV Birdsville, Queensland BM Magong, Taiwan
BE Berridale (Dunedin), New Zealand BML Bromelton, Queensland
BE Brunei Intl (Bandar Seri Begawan), Bru- BMR Brymaroo, Queensland
nei
BMT BUON ME THOUT, Vietnam
BED Bedok (Singapore), Singapore
BN Boun Neua, Laos
BG Baguio, Philippines
BN Brisbane, Queensland
BGN Bagan, Myanmar
BN Butuan, Philippines
BGO Bago, Myanmar
BNA Ballina, New South Wales
BGO Balgo Hill, W Australia BND Bandung, Indonesia
BGT Bagot (Darwin), Northern Terr. BNS Bairnsdale, Victoria
BHI Broken Hill, New South Wales BO Bonriki (Tarawa), Kiribati
BI Brunei Intl (Bandar Seri Begawan), Bru- BOL Bolinda (Melbourne), Victoria
nei
BOR Bordertown, S Australia
BIB Biboohra (Cairns), Queensland
BOU Boulia, Queensland
BIK Biak, Indonesia
BP Batu Pahat (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
BIK Bindook, New South Wales
BPN Balikpapan, Indonesia
BIU Ballidu, W Australia
BQ Nasan, Vietnam
BK Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
BR Brunei, Brunei
BK Bankstown (Sydney), New South Wales
BR Burirum, Thailand
BK Catbi (Haiphong), Vietnam
BRL Borroloola, Northern Terr.
BK Luang Phabang, Laos
BRM Broome, W Australia
BKE Bourke, New South Wales
BRM Buri Ram, Thailand CB Canberra, Australian Capital

BRU Brunei, Brunei CBA Cobar, New South Wales
BRW Brewarrina, New South Wales CBB Coonabarabran, New South Wales
BRZ Tanjung Redeb, Indonesia CBP Coober Pedy, S Australia
BS Basco, Philippines CC Cape Campbell, New Zealand
BS Blimbingsari, Indonesia CC Cocos I., W Australia
BS Kinmen, Taiwan CCK Church Creek (Canberra), New South
Wales
BSF Bradshaw (Pohakuloa), Hawaii
CCK Cingcyuangang, Taiwan
BTH Bathurst, New South Wales
CCY Cloncurry, Queensland
BTM Batam, Indonesia
CDO Condobolin, New South Wales
BTN Narathiwat, Thailand
CDU Ceduna, S Australia
BTO Budiarto (Tangerang), Indonesia
CE Caledonian (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia
BTR Butterworth, Malaysia
CFS Coffs Harbour, New South Wales
BTU Bintulu, Malaysia
CG Gold Coast, New South Wales
BU Bintulu, Malaysia
CGO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines
BU Buonmathuot, Vietnam
CH Cheung Chau (Hong Kong), Hong
BUD Bundaberg, Queensland
Kong, PR of
BUK Buka, PNG
CH Christchurch, New Zealand
BUT U-Tapao, Thailand
CHE Chitose, Japan
BWN Bowen, Queensland
CHI Chiayi, Taiwan
BWX Barrow Island, W Australia
CHJ Chongju, Korea
C CHM Chiang Mai, Thailand
C Phucat, Vietnam CHO Cheongju, Korea
CA Cirebon, Indonesia CI Chatham (Chatham Islands), New Zea-

land
CAA Calga, New South Wales
CI Chichijima, Japan
CAB Cabanatuan, Philippines
CIA Clark (Angeles), Philippines
CAB Cat Bi (HAIPHONG), Vietnam
CIA New Clark, Philippines
CAG Caiguna, W Australia
CIL Cocos I., W Australia
CAR Carnarvon, W Australia
CIN Curtin (Derby), W Australia
CAT Caticlan, Philippines
CJ Chuchon, Korea
CJU Jeju, Korea CT Chiang Rai, Thailand

CKG Cengkareng (Jakarta), Indonesia CTM Cootamundra, New South Wales
CKH Koko Head, Hawaii CTR Chiang Rai, Thailand
CKL Clackline (Perth), W Australia CUE Otsu, Japan
CKN Cooktown, Queensland CUN Cunderdin, W Australia
CL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indone- CUN Yecheon, Korea
sia CUY Cauayan, Philippines
CLP Cilacap, Indonesia
CV Charleville, Queensland
CMA Chiang Mai, Thailand
CV Cuvier I., New Zealand
CMP Chum Phae, Thailand
CVC Choshi, Japan
CMT Clermont, Queensland
CVM Caversham (Perth), W Australia
CMU Cunnamulla, Queensland
CWR Cowra, New South Wales
CMW Camooweal, Queensland
CWS Cowes, Victoria
CN Camden, New South Wales
CN Conson, Vietnam D
CNM Coonamble, New South Wales D Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam
CNY CENTURY MINE, Queensland DAD Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam
COE Coen, Queensland DAN Da Nang, Vietnam
COM Cooma, New South Wales DAO Davao, Philippines
COR Corowa, New South Wales DAR Darwin, Northern Terr.
COT Cotabato (Dinaig), Philippines DB Dienbien, Vietnam
CP CHUMPHON, Thailand DBY Derby, W Australia
CPN Chumpon, Thailand DC Pingtung, Taiwan
CQ Chu Lai, Vietnam DCP Pingtung, Taiwan
CR Cam Ranh, Vietnam DEE Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG
CRA Cam Ranh, Vietnam DF Kasiguncu (Poso), Indonesia
CRG Corryong, Victoria DGC Fukuoka, Japan
CS Cairns, Queensland DGE DOUGO, Japan
CS Conson, Vietnam DGT Dumaguete, Philippines
CSV Collinsville, Queensland DI Dipolog, Philippines
CT Caticlan, Philippines DIB Dienbien, Vietnam
DIL Dili, Indonesia FMT Hofu, Japan

DJ Da Nang, Vietnam FN Fangatau, French Pacific O.T.
DKI Jakarta, Indonesia FND Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia
DL Dalat, Vietnam FRT Forrest, W Australia
DLQ Deniliquin, New South Wales FTZ Fitzroy Crossing, W Australia
DN Darwin, Northern Terr. FUE Fukue, Japan
DOC Donchon, Korea FY Ferry (Wellington), New Zealand
DOH Dong Hoi, Vietnam
G
DPO Devonport, Tasmania
GA Goroka, PNG
DU Dubbo, New South Wales
GA Mataram, Indonesia
DWI Dawei, Myanmar
GAY Gayndah, Queensland
DYS Dysart, Queensland
GB Graciosa Bay, Solomon Is
E GB Great Barrier, New Zealand
ECH Echuca, Victoria GBA Gibraltar, New South Wales
EDN Edinburgh (Adelaide), S Australia GBE Gobe, PNG
ELW Eildon Weir, Victoria GBE Goboh, Japan
EML Emerald, Queensland GDH Gunnedah, New South Wales
EN Essendon (Melbourne), Victoria GDI Goondiwindi, Queensland
EPP Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria GEL Geraldton, W Australia
ESL East Sale, Victoria GFN Grafton, New South Wales
ESP Esperance, W Australia GFT Gifu, Japan
GI Ludao (Taitung), Taiwan
F
GIB Gibb River, W Australia
FA Faleolo (Upolu I.), W Samoa
GID Ludao (Taitung), Taiwan
FA Tahiti, French Pacific O.T.
GIG Gingin, W Australia
FBS Forbes, New South Wales
GK Gong Kedak, Malaysia
FIN Finschhafen, PNG
GKE Ishigaki, Japan
FK Palangkaraya, Indonesia
GL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia
FKE Fukushima, Japan
GLA Gladstone, Queensland
FLI Flinders I, Tasmania
GLB Goulburn, New South Wales
FM Fua'Amotu (Tonga), Tonga
GLF Glenfield (Sydney), New South Wales HH Huahine, French Pacific O.T.
GLI Glen Innes, New South Wales HHI Wheeler (Wahiawa), Hawaii
GN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam HHN Hua Hin, Thailand
GNY Gurney, PNG HHN Huahine, French Pacific O.T.
GOC Daigo, Japan HHO Heho, Myanmar
GR Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia HID Horn I. (Thursday I.), Queensland
GRO Rota, N Mariana Is HK Hokitika, New Zealand
GS Gisborne, New Zealand HKC Kagoshima, Japan
GSA Tambler, Philippines HKE Hokuso (Tokyo), Japan
GTC Niigata, Japan HKN Hoskins, PNG
GTE Groote Eylandt, Northern Terr. HL Henley (Dunedin), New Zealand
GTH Griffith, New South Wales HL Hommalinn, Myanmar
GTL Gorontalo, Indonesia HL Houailou, New Caledonia
GTN Georgetown, Queensland HL Houlong, Taiwan
GUA Girua, PNG HL Nam Dinh, Vietnam
GV Gove, Northern Terr. HLC Halls Creek, W Australia
HLG Houlong, Taiwan
H
HLM Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia
HA Ha'Apai (Lifuka I.), Tonga
HLN Hualien, Taiwan
HA Namlea, Indonesia
HM Hamilton I, Queensland
HAO Hao I, Tuamotu Is
HME Haneda (Tokyo), Japan
HAY Hay, New South Wales
HML Hamilton, Victoria
HB Hobart, Tasmania
HN Honolulu Intl (Honolulu), Hawaii
HBK Holbrook, New South Wales
HN Hamilton, New Zealand
HC Songshan, Taiwan
HN Honiara, Solomon Is
HCE Hachijo Jima, Japan
HN Hua Hin, Thailand
HCM Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
HOO Hooker Creek, Northern Terr.
HCN Hengchun, Taiwan
HOU Houai Sai, Laos
HGE Hongo (Hiroshima), Japan
HPE Hanamaki, Japan
HGS Wonju, Korea
HSM Horsham, Victoria
HGU Hlegu, Myanmar
HSU Hsinchu, Taiwan
HT Buonmathuot, Vietnam IBKL Fatmawati Soekarno (Bengkulu), Indo-

HTY Hat Yai, Thailand nesia
HUC Hyakuri, Japan IBRM Buri Ram, Thailand
HUE Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam IBS Brisbane Intl (Brisbane, Qld), Queens-
land
HUG Hughenden, Queensland
IBTM Hang Nadim (Batam), Indonesia
HV Hiva Oa, French Pacific O.T.
IBUT U-Tapao Pattaya Intl (Rayong), Thai-
HVT Hachinohe, Japan land
HW Hualien, Taiwan ICA Diosdado Macapagal Intl (Angeles),
HWE Hakodate, Japan Philippines
HWS Howard Springs (Darwin), Northern ICCK Cingcyuangang, Taiwan

Terr. ICH Changi (Singapore), Singapore
HY Hat Yai, Thailand ICH Christchurch Intl (Christchurch), New
HYE Yokosuka, Japan Zealand
ICH New Chitose (Sapporo), Japan
I ICHE Jeju Intl (Jeju), Korea
IAA Auckland Intl (Auckland), New Zealand ICHG Cheongju Intl (Cheongju), Korea
IAB Albany (Albany, Wa), W Australia ICHI Chiayi Aero (Chiayi), Taiwan
IAD Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan ICHJ Cheongju Intl (Cheongju), Korea
IAM Amami, Japan ICJN Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
IAS Sultan Abdul Halim (Alor Star), Malay- ICJU Jeju Intl (Jeju), Korea
sia
ICK Diosdado Macapagal Intl (Angeles),
IAV Avalon (Avalon, Vic), Victoria Philippines
IAV Rarotonga Intl (Rarotonga I), Cook Is ICKM Kinmen, Taiwan
IAW Asahikawa, Japan ICKS Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
IAWD Guam Intl (Agana), Guam ICMA Chiang Mai Intl (Chiang Mai), Thailand
IBB Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG ICMN Kinmen, Taiwan
IBCD Bacolod (Silay), Philippines ICN Cairns Intl (Cairns, Qld), Queensland
IBF Bauerfield (Port Vila), Vanuatu ICN New Chitose (Sapporo), Japan
IBGS Beigan (Matsu), Taiwan ICO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines
IBIK Frans Kaisiepo (Biak), Indonesia ICPN Chumphon (CHUMPHON), Thailand
IBKD Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand ICS New Chitose (Sapparo), Japan
ICT Can Tho Intl (Can Tho), Vietnam
ICTR Chiang Rai Intl (Chiang Rai), Thailand IHP Hanamaki, Japan
ICW Changi (Singapore), Singapore IHSU Hsinchu Aero (Hsinchu), Taiwan
IDAG Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea IHTY Hat Yai Intl (Songkhla), Thailand
IDMG Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand IHUA Hualien, Taiwan
IDN Dunedin, New Zealand IHW Christchurch Intl (Christchurch), New
IDPS Ngurah Rai Intl (Denpasar), Indonesia Zealand
IDR Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam IHY Hyakuri, Japan

IIO Iloilo, Philippines
IEB Wellington Intl (Wellington), New Zea-
land IIOS Oshima, Japan
IEL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala IIPA Mataveri Intl (Isla De Pascua), Isla De
Lumpur), Malaysia Pascua
IER Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala IITO Hilo Intl (Hilo), Hawaii
Lumpur), Malaysia IIUM Honolulu Intl (Honolulu), Hawaii
IES East Sale (Military) (East Sale, Vic), IJB Senai Intl (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
Victoria
IJDG Jeongseok (Jeju), Korea
IFE Fukue, Japan
IJO Iwakuni MCAS (Iwakuni), Japan
IFF Fukuoka, Japan
IJOG Adi Sucipto (Yogyakarta), Indonesia
IFK Fukushima, Japan
IJPA Sentani (Jayapura), Indonesia
IFL Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
Kong, PR of IJT Iwoto, Japan
IFL Innisfail, Queensland IKAS Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
IFNN Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan IKB Sultan Ismail Petra (Kota Bharu), Ma-
laysia
IFO Fukuoka, Japan
IKBI Krabi, Thailand
IFU Fukue, Japan
IKC Nagoya, Japan
IGSA Tambler Natl (Tambler), Philippines
IKE Iki (Ikishima), Japan
IGUM Guam Intl (Agana), Guam
IKE Kerteh, Malaysia
IHA Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan
IKF Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan
IHAL Halim Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia
IKG Kagoshima, Japan
IHC Hachijojima, Japan
IKG Kuching Intl (Kuching), Malaysia
IHG Hiroshima, Japan
IKHE Gimhae Intl (Busan), Korea
IHL Hakodate, Japan
IKHG Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
IHM Memanbetsu, Japan
IKKM Malacca, Malaysia
IKL Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala IME Iwami, Japan

Lumpur), Malaysia IMG Auckland Intl (Auckland), New Zealand
IKM Komatsu, Japan IMIA Mandalay Intl (Mandalay), Myanmar
IKMA Gimhae Intl (Busan), Korea IMKB Minangkabau Intl (Padang Pariaman),
IKMO Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea Indonesia
IKN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay- IMKG Magong, Taiwan
sia IML Ninoy Aquino Intl (Manila), Philippines
IKOA Kona Intl At Keahole (Kailua-Kona),
IMN Dunedin, New Zealand
Hawaii
IMNO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia
IKPO Pohang, Korea
IMP Matsuyama, Japan
IKQ Kitakyushu, Japan
IMP Wellington Intl (Wellington), New Zea-
IKR Kochi, Japan
land
IKRT Khorat (Nakhon Ratchasima), Thailand IMPO Mokpo, Korea
IKS Kushiro, Japan IMR Aomori, Japan
IKT Takamatsu, Japan IMR Miri, Malaysia
IKTA Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu), IMS Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
Malaysia
IMT Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Intl (Lapu-La-
IKU Kumamoto, Japan
pu), Philippines
IKUI Chiayi Aero (Chiayi), Taiwan
IMU Indramayu, Indonesia
ILB Labuan, Malaysia
IMUN Muan Intl (Muan), Korea
ILK Langkawi Intl (Langkawi I.), Malaysia
IMV Monbetsu, Japan
ILMB Lombok Intl (Praya), Indonesia
IMY Miyako (Miyakojima), Japan
ILNY Lanai, Hawaii
IMZ Miyazaki, Japan
ILPB Luang Phabang Intl (Luang Phabang),
INA Nowra Military (Nowra, Nsw), New
Laos
South Wales
ILPN Lampang, Thailand
INAN Nan, Thailand
ILU Bintulu, Malaysia
INC Niigata, Japan
IMA Ninoy Aquino Intl (Manila), Philippines
INK Nanki-Shirahama, Japan
IMAN Muan Intl (Muan), Korea
INKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
IMCT Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Intl (Lapu-La-
INKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
pu), Philippines
INKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
IMDG Gwangju, Korea
INO Rarotonga Intl (Rarotonga I), Cook Is
IMDH Gwangju, Korea
INPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar IRM Ohakea (Military) (Ohakea), New Zea-

land
INS Nakashibetsu, Japan
IROT Roi Et, Thailand
INT Noto, Japan
IRS Rishiri, Japan
INTW Narathiwat, Thailand
ISA Shimojishima, Japan
IOA Oki, Japan
ISAM Sacheon, Korea
IOB Obihiro, Japan
ISB Shimojishima, Japan
IOD Odate-Noshiro (Odate-Noshiro, Japan),
Japan ISB Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala
IOFR Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea Lumpur), Malaysia
IOG Kahului, Hawaii ISD Sendai, Japan

G ISEL Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea
IOH Ohakea (Military) (Ohakea), New Zea- ISEN Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
land
ISES Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
IOO Iloilo, Philippines
ISG Saga (Saga, Japan), Japan
IP Ile Des Pins, New Caledonia
ISHA Sacheon, Korea
IP Ipoh, Malaysia
ISK Osaka Intl (Osaka), Japan
IPA Isla De Pascua, Isla De Pascua
ISKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
IPCB Phetchabun, Thailand
ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia
IPG Penang Intl (Penang I), Malaysia
ISKP Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea
IPH Phu Quoc Intl (Phu Quoc), Vietnam
ISKT Sukhothai, Thailand
IPKT Phuket Intl (Phuket), Thailand
ISN Shonai, Japan
IPKU Sultan Syarif Kasim II (Pekanbaru), In-
ISOL Seoul / Domestic (Seoul), Korea
donesia
ISR Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
IPLR Tjilik Riwut (Palangkaraya), Indonesia
Kong, PR of
IPN Perth Intl (Perth, WA), W Australia
ISS Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw),
IPO Sultan Azlan Shah (Ipoh), Malaysia New South Wales
IPQ Phu Quoc Intl (Phu Quoc), Vietnam ISTN Surat Thani, Thailand
IPSL Phitsanulok, Thailand ISU Sibu, Malaysia
IPTK A-511 (Desiderio AAF) (Camp Hum- ISW Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw),
phreys), Korea New South Wales
IRAN Ranong, Thailand ISWN Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
IREP Siem Reap, Cambodia ISWS Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
ISY Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw), IUDN Udon Thani, Thailand
New South Wales IUJN Uljin, Korea
ISZ Shizuoka, Japan IUJS Uljin, Korea
ITAG Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea IULS Ulsan (ULSAN), Korea
ITB Memanbetsu, Japan IUPG Sultan Hasanuddin (Ujung Pandang),
ITC Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan Indonesia
ITCG Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan IUW Akita, Japan
ITDO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia IVC Tsushima, Japan
ITF Oita, Japan IVL Inverell, New South Wales
ITFR Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong IVTN Wattay Intl (Vientiane), Laos
Kong, PR of IWA Iwami, Japan
ITGL Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea IWC Kuga, Japan
ITH Tajima, Japan IWG Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG
ITIA Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
ITJ Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan IWI Whenuapai (Military) (Auckland), New
ITLU Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan Zealand
ITM Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan IWL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala
Lumpur), Malaysia
ITN Tanegashima, Japan
IWP Whenuapai (Military) (Auckland), New
ITNN Tainan Aero (Tainan), Taiwan
Zealand
ITO Hilo, Hawaii
IWR Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala
ITO Toyama, Japan Lumpur), Malaysia
ITR Tottori, Japan IWY Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia
ITRK Juwata (Tarakan), Indonesia IXE Iwaki, Japan
ITRN Trang, Thailand IXZ Izumo, Japan
ITS Tokushima, Japan IYAN Yangyang Intl (Yangyang), Korea
ITSG Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan IYCH Yecheon Aero (Yecheon), Korea
ITUT Pago Pago Intl (Pago Pago), Amer Sa- IYGN Yangon Intl (Yangon), Myanmar
moa
IYN Yonaguni (Yonaguni I), Japan
ITWU Tawau, Malaysia
IYQ Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan
ITYA Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
IYS Shonai, Japan
IUB Yamaguchi-Ube (Ube), Japan
IYSU Yeosu, Korea
IUBL Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
IYT Yamagata, Japan K

IYV Miho (Yonago), Japan K Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
IZAM Zamboanga Intl (Zamboanga), Philip- KA Karratha, W Australia
pines
KAD Kadena (Okinawa), Japan
IZSL Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
KAE Gangwon, Korea
Kong, PR of
KAN Kangnung, Korea
J KAT Katoomba, New South Wales
JA Kanoya, Japan KB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
JAT Kanoya, Japan KB Krabi, Thailand
JB Jaybee (Johor Bahru), Malaysia KBE Kokubu (Kagoshima), Japan
JB Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan KBI Krabi, Thailand
JBT Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan KC Kerinci, Indonesia
JC Hachinohe, Japan KC Koumac, New Caledonia
JCW Jacobs Well, Queensland KC Kwangju, Korea
JD Nikko (Utsunomiya), Japan KCC Nagoya, Japan
JDG Jedong (Jeju), Korea KCY Kilcoy, Queensland
JDT Utsunomiya, Japan KDI Kendari, Indonesia
JEC Miho (Yonago), Japan KE Kone, New Caledonia
JL Jolo, Philippines KEC Kushimoto, Japan
JLC Julia Creek, Queensland KG Kalgoorlie, W Australia
JMB Jambi, Indonesia KG Kengtung, Myanmar
JNB Jurien Bay, W Australia KGE Kajiki (Kagoshima), Japan
JOG Yogyakarta, Indonesia KHE Kimhae (Busan), Korea
JOM Jomalig, Philippines KI Kaikoura, New Zealand
JPA Jayapura, Indonesia KI Kanti, Myanmar
JR Johor Bahru, Malaysia KII King I, Tasmania
JSN Jackson (Port Moresby), PNG KIN Chin Men, Taiwan
JT Jandakot, W Australia KIP Gimpo (Seoul), Korea
JVS Jervois, Northern Terr. KIU Kiunga, PNG
JWN Choongwon, Korea KJ Komatsushima, Japan
KJT Komatsushima, Japan
KK Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand KSC Kingscote, S Australia

KK Kerikeri, New Zealand KSE Kushiro, Japan
KK Koh Kong, Cambodia KSM Seoul, Korea
KK Kong Kong (Johor Bahru), Malaysia KT Hengchun, Taiwan
KKN Khon Kaen, Thailand KT Kaitaia, New Zealand
KL Kalay, Myanmar KT Kawthoung, Myanmar
KL Kalibo, Philippines KTE Kagawa (Takamatsu), Japan
KL Kayell (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia KTG Hengchun, Taiwan
KLO Kalibo, Philippines KTG Ketapang, Indonesia
KMC Komatsu, Japan KU Chiayi, Taiwan
KMH Gimhae, Korea KU Kununurra, W Australia
KMP Kempsey, New South Wales KUB Kubuna, PNG
KN Kansai, Japan KUE Kumamoto, Japan
KN Khon Kaen, Thailand KUT Kumul Oil Rig, PNG
KN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay- KUZ Gunsan, Korea
sia KVG Kavieng, PNG
KNE Kansai, Japan
KW Hengchun, Taiwan
KO Dili, Indonesia
KW Noi Bai (Hanoi), Vietnam
KOA Kona (KAILUA/KONA), Hawaii
KWA Gwangju, Korea
KOS Sihanouk, Cambodia
KWJ Gwangju, Korea
KOW Kowanyama, Queensland
KXC Kumejima, Japan
KP Ketapang, Indonesia
KZE Kisarazu, Japan
KP Kyaukpyu, Myanmar
KPG Kupang, Indonesia L
KPO Pohang, Korea LA Bula, Indonesia
KPS Kamphaeng Saen (Nakhon Pathom), LAB Labuan, Malaysia
Thailand LAE Lae/Nadzab, PNG
KR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand LAO Laoag, Philippines
KRE Kochi, Japan LAV Laravale, Queensland
KRM Kerema, PNG LB Labasa, Fiji Is
KRT Khorat (Nakhon Ratchasima), Thailand LB Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
KRY Kingaroy, Queensland
LB Lop Buri, Thailand LPN Lampang, Thailand

LBG Lubang, Philippines LRE Longreach, Queensland
LC Kangnung, Korea LRT Lake Albert, S Australia
LC Lam Chau, Hong Kong, PR of LS Lhok Sukon, Indonesia
LEC Leigh Creek, S Australia LSO Lashio, Myanmar
LEO Leonora, W Australia LST Leinster, W Australia
LFU Lifou, New Caledonia LT Launceston, Tasmania
LHD Hamamatsu, Japan LT Launceston (Launceston, Tas), Tasma-
nia
LHD Lahad Datu, Malaysia
LTN Laverton, W Australia
LHI Lord Howe, New South Wales
LTO Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia
LHR Lihir, PNG
LTV Latrobe Valley, Victoria
LHR Lockhart River, Queensland
LU Keelung, Taiwan
LHT Hamamatsu, Japan
LU Lifou, New Caledonia
LIP Lipa, Philippines
LVG Mount Livingstone, Victoria
LIS Lismore, New South Wales
LW Lawang, Indonesia
LK Lakeba, Fiji Is
LX Alexandra, New Zealand
LK Loikaw, Myanmar
LY Lanyu, Taiwan
LK Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan
LKC Lung Kwu Chau, Hong Kong, PR of LY Loei, Thailand
LKH Lien Khuong, Vietnam LYU LANYU, Taiwan
LKU Taipei, Taiwan

M
LLD Lanai, Hawaii
M Cantho, Vietnam
LM Learmonth, W Australia
MA Chiang Mai Intl (Chiang Mai), Thailand
LMB Praya, Indonesia
MA Mount Isa, Queensland
LNY Lanai (Lanai City), Hawaii
MAK Maros (Makassar), Indonesia
LOB LOB (Bangkok), Thailand
MB Moorabbin (Melbourne), Victoria
LOG Logotala Hill (Pago Pago), Amer Samoa
MBE Matsumoto, Japan
LOY Loei, Thailand
MBT Masbate, Philippines
LP Lampang, Thailand
MBY Modbury (Adelaide), S Australia
LP Legaspi, Philippines
MC Malacca, Malaysia
LPB Luang Phabang, Laos
MC Mocchau, Vietnam
MCC Oaonui, New Zealand MIA Manila, Philippines

MCN Macao Intl (Macao), Macao, PR of MIA Mildura, Victoria
MCO Mallacoota, Victoria MIL Sorong, Indonesia
MCS Macao Intl (Macao), Macao, PR of MIS Misawa, Japan
MCT Mactan (Lapu-Lapu), Philippines MIT Mishima, Japan
MCU Macao, Macao, PR of MJE Miyakejima, Japan
MD Madang, PNG MJM Manjimup, W Australia
MD Manado, Indonesia MK Mackay, Queensland
MD Mondulkiri, Cambodia MK Matak, Indonesia
MDE Minamidaito, Japan MK Myitkyina, Myanmar
MDG Mudgee, New South Wales MKA Myitkyina/Nampong, Myanmar
MDI Marudi, Brunei MKB Minangkabau (Padang Pariaman), In-
donesia
MDN Medan, Indonesia
MKE Merauke, Indonesia
MDS Mingaladon (Yangon), Myanmar
MKE Mukawa (Sapporo), Japan
MDY Mandalay, Myanmar
MKG Magong (Penghu I.), Taiwan
MDY Midway, Midway I
MKK Molokai (Kaunakakai), Hawaii
ME Myeik, Myanmar
MKS Makassar, Indonesia
MEK Meekatharra, W Australia
MER Merimbula, New South Wales MKT Meiktila, Myanmar
MFNN MFNN (Taitung), Taiwan ML Malang, Indonesia
MGA Ouere (Noumea), New Caledonia ML Melbourne, Victoria
MGD Maningrida, Northern Terr. ML Minami Torishima, Japan
MH Mae Hong Son, Thailand MLT Minami Torishima, Japan
MH Manihiki I., Cook Is MLY Maleny, Queensland
MH Mount Hagen, PNG MM Mawlamyine, Myanmar
MH Mt. Hagen, PNG MNA Meiktila, Myanmar
MHS Mae Hong Son, Thailand MNE Mount Keith, W Australia
MHU McArthur River Mine, Northern Terr. MNG Mangalore, Victoria
MI Momi (Nadi), Fiji Is MNO Manado, Indonesia
MI Dunedin, New Zealand MO Manapouri, New Zealand

MO Momeik, Myanmar
MIA Mandalay, Myanmar
MO Moorea-Temae, French Pacific O.T. MVE Monbetsu, Japan

MOE Momote, PNG MW Magway, Myanmar
MOE Oyama, Japan MWB Manado, Indonesia
MOF Maumere, Indonesia MWE Tohoku, Japan
MOG Mount Magnet, W Australia MXT Matsushima, Japan
MOR Moree, New South Wales MYB Maryborough, Queensland
MOR Moro, PNG MYC Miyakojima, Japan
MP Mokpo, Korea MYY Miri, Malaysia
MPA Minnipa, S Australia MZE Miyazaki, Japan
MPE Matsuyama, Japan MZU Mulu, Malaysia
MQD Mount McQuoid, New South Wales
N
MQE Miyako, Japan
NA Nausori, Fiji Is
MR Kueijen, Taiwan
NAH Namha (Hanoi), Vietnam
MR Mare, New Caledonia
NAN Nan, Thailand
MRB Moranbah, Queensland
NAR Narrandera, New South Wales
MRE Aomori, Japan
NAT Ranai, Indonesia
MRW Morawa, W Australia
NB Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
MRY Moruya, New South Wales
NBA Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
MS Mae Sot (Tak), Thailand
NBR Nabire, Indonesia
MS Mong-Hsat, Myanmar
NBR Narrabri, New South Wales
MSO Mount Sandon, New South Wales
NBS Barking Sands (Kauai I.), Hawaii
MST Mae Sot (Tak), Thailand
ND Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia
MT Cantho, Vietnam
NDJ Bucholz (Kwajalein I.), Marshall Is
MT Matsu, Taiwan
NE Singkep, Indonesia
MTG Mount Gambier, S Australia
NF Norfolk I., Queensland
MTI Mornington Island, Queensland
NFO Futenma (Okinawa I.), Japan
MTM Mataram, Indonesia
NGA Naga (Pili), Philippines
MTP Mount Hope, S Australia
NGF Kaneohe Bay (Mokapu), Hawaii
MTS Matsu, Taiwan
NGU Ngukurr, Northern Terr.
MUE Kamuela, Hawaii
NHC Naha, Japan
MUN Muan, Korea
NHL Nhill, Victoria NQ Sumbawa, Indonesia

NHT Nyutabaru, Japan NR Napier, New Zealand
NI Kendari, Indonesia NR Waingapu, Indonesia
NI Nauru I., Nauru NRB Narembeen, W Australia
NIE Nile (Launceston), Tasmania NRC Naracoorte, S Australia
NIS Sibu, Malaysia NRE Narita (Tokyo), Japan
NJA Atsugi, Japan NRM Narromine, New South Wales
NJC Niijima, Japan NS Namsang, Myanmar
NK NANGAN, Taiwan NS Nelson, New Zealand
NK Nakhon Si Thammart, Thailand NSE Nakashibetsu, Japan
NK Nukunonu (Tokelau Is.), New Zealand NSM Norseman, W Australia
NKE Nanki, Japan NT Narathiwat, Thailand
NKN NANGAN, Taiwan NT Naypyitaw, Myanmar
NKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand NTE Noto, Japan
NKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand NTH Luangnamtha, Laos
NKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand NTN Normanton, Queensland
NL Newlands (Wellington), New Zealand NTW Narathiwat, Thailand
NM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia NU Niue, Niue
NMA Bima, Indonesia NV Invercargill, New Zealand
NN Gorontalo, Indonesia NV Navua, Fiji Is
NN Nadi, Fiji Is NW Pekanbaru, Indonesia
NN Nan, Thailand NW Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia
NN Sigang (Tainan), Taiwan NWA Nowra, New South Wales
NNN Sigang, Taiwan NWN Newman, W Australia
NO Maumere, Indonesia NX Jambi, Indonesia
NO Sawani (Nausori), Fiji Is NY Warukin, Indonesia
NOB Noi Bai (Hanoi), Vietnam NYA Natya, Victoria
NP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand NYN Nyngan, New South Wales
NP New Plymouth, New Zealand NZ Banda Aceh, Indonesia
NPH NAVY (Pohang), Korea NZ Nadzab, PNG
NPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar NZD Nasu, Japan
O OOM Moomba, S Australia

O Taipei, Taiwan OP Palu, Indonesia
OA Ouvea, New Caledonia OQ Padang, Indonesia
OA Rangiroa, French Pacific O.T. OR Ohura, New Zealand
OB Jakarta, Indonesia ORE Okushiri, Japan
OBE Obihiro, Japan ORG Orange, New South Wales
OC Ozuki (Shimonoseki), Japan OSE Mihara (Oshima), Japan
OC Semarang, Indonesia OT Tarakan, Indonesia
OCT Ozuki (Shimonoseki), Japan OTE OOTA, Japan
ODE Odate-Noshiro, Japan OU Banjarmasin, Indonesia
OF Yogyakarta, Indonesia OU Oamaru, New Zealand
OGG Maui (Kahului), Hawaii OUD Oudomsay, Laos
OH Ambon, Indonesia OW Itami (Osaka), Japan
OH Ohakea, New Zealand OW Palembang, Indonesia
OH Tokachi, Japan OWE Osaka, Japan
OI Ono-I-Lau, Tonga OX Iwoto, Japan
OI Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia OX Pitu (Morotai), Indonesia
OIE Oki, Japan OY Bandung, Indonesia
OJ Makassar, Indonesia OYE Kibi, Japan
OJC Onjuku, Japan OZ Kalijati, Indonesia
OK El Tari, Indonesia OZ Ozamis, Philippines
OK Oakey, Queensland
P
OKC Okayama, Japan
P Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam
OKT Ok Tedi, PNG
PA Hpa-An, Myanmar
OL Balikpapan, Indonesia
PAE Phrae, Thailand
OLE Nagasaki, Japan
PAG Port Augusta, S Australia
OM Ominato, Japan
PAK Pakse, Laos
OMT Ominato, Japan
PAL Palu, Indonesia
ON Polonia, Indonesia
PB Bengkulu, Indonesia
ONC Erabu (Okierabu I), Japan
PB Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam
OOD Oodnadatta, S Australia
PB Prachin Buri, Thailand PLA Paya Lebar (Singapore), Singapore

PBA Phu Bai Intl (HUE), Vietnam PLB Palembang, Indonesia
PBO Paraburdoo, W Australia PLC Port Lincoln, S Australia
PC Phetchabun, Thailand PLE Plenty (Melbourne), Victoria
PC Phu Cat, Vietnam PLK PLEIKU, Vietnam
PCA Phu Cat, Vietnam PLO Point Lookout, New South Wales
PCB Phetchabun, Thailand PM Palmerston North, New Zealand
PCK Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand PMA Ambon, Indonesia
PD Port Hedland, W Australia PMQ Port Macquarie, New South Wales
PDG Padang, Indonesia PN Iskandar (Pangkalan bun), Indonesia
PEA Pearce, W Australia PN Manado, Indonesia
PEC Aeropelican, New South Wales PN Pagadian, Philippines
PF Parafield (Adelaide), S Australia PN Proserpine, Queensland
PG Cakrabhuwana (Cirebon), Indonesia PNG Penang, Malaysia
PH Perth, W Australia PNH Phnom Penh, Cambodia
PH Phetchabun, Thailand PNI Pohnpei, Micronesia
PHO Phonesavanh, Laos PNK Pontianak, Indonesia
PIN Pamalican (Quinaluban I.), Philippines PNP Phnom Penh, Cambodia
PIT Pingtung, Taiwan PNP Phnom Penh Intl (Phnom Penh), Cam-
PIY Pingelly, W Australia bodia
PK MATSU, Taiwan PO Bima, Indonesia
PK Pleiku, Vietnam POA Pahoa, Hawaii
PKN MATSU, Taiwan POD Portland, Victoria
PKN Pangkalan Bun, Indonesia PP Hpa-pun, Myanmar
PKP Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia PP Paraparaumu, New Zealand
PKS Parkes, New South Wales PQ Phuquoc, Vietnam
PKU Pekanbaru, Indonesia PQE Tateyama, Japan
PKY Palangkaraya, Indonesia PQU Phu Quoc, Vietnam
PL Cantho, Vietnam PR Phrae, Thailand
PL Phitsanulok, Thailand PR Puerto Princesa, Philippines
PL Plaridel, Philippines PRD Laoag, Philippines

PRE Parer (Port Moresby), PNG RG Rach Gia, Vietnam

PRL Parkerville (Perth), W Australia RG Rarotonga, Cook Is
PS Pakse, Laos RG Ruteng (Satartacik), Indonesia
PSL Phitsanulok, Thailand RI Bario, Malaysia
PSN Busan, Korea RIC Richmond, New South Wales
PT Faaa (Tahiti I), French Pacific O.T. RK Rockhampton, Queensland
PT Pattani, Thailand RM Rotuma, Fiji Is
PT Putao, Myanmar RMD Richmond, Queensland
PTH Phanthiet, Vietnam RME Tarama, Japan
PTK Pyongtaek, Korea RN Ranaj, Indonesia
PTN Pathein, Myanmar RN Ranong, Thailand
PU Papa Uniform (Singapore), Singapore RO Rotorua, New Zealand
PUT Phuket, Thailand ROC Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
PW Purwakarta, Indonesia ROM Roma, Queensland
PY Port Moresby, PNG ROR Koror, Micronesia
ROT Roi Et, Thailand
Q
ROX Roxas, Philippines
QDI Quirindi, New South Wales
RSE Rishiri, Japan
QL Ca Mau, Vietnam
RT Ratanakiri, Cambodia
QN Queenstown, New Zealand
RT Rurutu, French Pacific O.T.
QQ Padang, Indonesia
RTI Rottnest I, W Australia
R RU Raiatea, French Pacific O.T.
R Mataveri Intl (Isla De Pascua), Isla De RUG Rugby, New South Wales
Pascua RW Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR of
RA Lungtang, Taiwan RXT Roxas, Philippines
RAN Rangiroa, French Pacific O.T. RY Mount Mary, New Zealand
RAN Ranong, Thailand RYN Rayong, Thailand
RD Miranda, New Zealand
S
RE Pyongtaek, Korea
SAC Sacheon (Chinju), Korea
RE Roi Et, Thailand
SAJ San Jose, Philippines
REN Renmark, S Australia
SAM Samneua, Laos SHV Sihanouk, Cambodia

SAN San Fernando, Philippines SIR Siem Reap, Cambodia
SAN Seosan, Korea SJ Shimojishima, Japan
SAR Saravane, Laos SJ Sinjon (Singapore), Singapore
SAV Savannakhet, Laos SJE Shimojishima, Japan
SAY Sayabouly, Laos SK Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
SB Sibu, Malaysia SK Sokcho, Korea
SBA Subic (Subic Bay), Philippines SK Songkhla, Thailand
SBG Strathbogie, Victoria SKE Shinoda, Japan
SBR Surabaya, Indonesia SKL Songkhla, Thailand
SC Stonecutters (Hong Kong), Hong Kong, SKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
PR of SL Sha Lo Wan (Hong Kong), Hong Kong,
SCH Sokcho, Korea PR of
SCN Sachon, Korea SLO Solo, Indonesia
SCO Scone, New South Wales SM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
SCR Southern Cross, W Australia SMI Smithton, Tasmania
SDE Sendai, Japan SMT Siu Mo To, Hong Kong, PR of
SEL Anyang, Korea SMU Samui, Thailand
SEL Seletar (Singapore), Singapore SN Saipan, N Mariana Is
SF Springfield (Whangarei), New Zealand SN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
SFL Stonefield, S Australia SN Sandakan, Malaysia
SG Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan SNE Moriya (Tokyo), Japan
SG Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam SO Solo, Indonesia
SGE Saga, Japan SOK South Kauai, Hawaii
SGE Saint George, Queensland SOL Seoul, Korea
SGN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam SON Santo/Pekoa, Vanuatu
SGT Singleton, New South Wales SOT Songtan, Korea
SHD Shigi, Japan SP Sampit, Indonesia
SHE SHIRAHAMA, Japan SPE Sapporo, Japan
SHT Shepparton, Victoria SPG Simpsons Gap, Northern Terr.
SHT Shimofusa (Matsudo), Japan SPN SA Pran Nak (Lop Buri), Thailand
SPT Sampit, Indonesia TBU Fua'Amotu, Tonga

SR Surat Thani, Thailand TC Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan
SRE Siem Reap, Cambodia TCK Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan
SRN Strahan, Tasmania TD Tandag, Philippines
SRT Surat Thani, Thailand TD Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
ST Stung Treng (Streung), Cambodia TD Thandwe, Myanmar
STE Shodo, Japan TD Tung Lung, Hong Kong, PR of
STH Saint Helens, Tasmania TDL Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr.
STN Surat Thani, Thailand TEF Telfer, W Australia
SU Sunshine Coast, Queensland TET Tateyama, Japan
SU Surigao, Philippines TF Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
SUC Shimizu, Japan TFE Musashi (Oita), Japan
SUI Suai, Indonesia TG Jakarta, Indonesia
SVB Suvarnabhumi (Bangkok), Thailand TG Tauranga, New Zealand
SW Sittwe, Myanmar TG Temindung (Samarinda), Indonesia
SW Swampy (Dunedin), New Zealand TGE Nakatane, Japan
SW Taipei, Taiwan TGM Thargomindah, Queensland
SWH Swan Hill, Victoria TGO Taungoo, Myanmar
SWN Suwon, Korea TGT The Granites, Northern Terr.
SY Surrey, New Zealand TGU Dalseong, Korea
SY Sydney, New South Wales TGU Taungoo, Myanmar
SYE Sekiyado, Japan TH Touho, New Caledonia
SZE Shizuoka, Japan TH Tuyhoa, Vietnam
THE Tajima, Japan
T
THS Sukhothai, Thailand
TAC Tacloban, Philippines
THX Xiengkhuang, Laos
TAE Oita, Japan
TI Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia
TAG Taegu, Korea
TIA Taipei, Taiwan
TAM Taroom, Queensland
TIB Tibooburra, New South Wales
TBD Tailem Bend, S Australia
TIC Chinen, Japan
TBE Memanbetsu, Japan
TK Tak, Thailand
TKE Tokunoshima, Japan TRE Taree, New South Wales

TKG Bandar Lampung, Indonesia TRE Tottori, Japan
TKK Truk (Weeno Island), Micronesia TRK Tarakan, Indonesia
TKL Takhli, Thailand TRN Can Tho, Vietnam
TL Tachileik, Myanmar TRN Trang, Thailand
TL Takhli, Thailand TRT Trat, Thailand
TL Townsville, Queensland TS Tokushima, Japan
TLE Ami, Japan TSC Tokushima, Japan
TM Taumarunui, New Zealand TSN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
TME Tomo, Japan TST Truscott, W Australia
TMK Timika, Indonesia TTD Toyota (Kitakyushu), Japan
TMO THE MONUMENT, Queensland TTG Taitung, Taiwan
TN Shin-Tachikawa, Japan TTR Tea Tree (Hobart), Tasmania
TN Tangerang, Indonesia TTX Troughton I, W Australia
TN Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr. TU Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu),
Malaysia
TNG Tengah (Singapore), Singapore
TU Timaru, New Zealand
TNG Thangool, Queensland
TUG Tuguegarao, Philippines
TNK Tennant Creek, Northern Terr.
TUT Pago Pago, Amer Samoa
TNN Sigang (Tainan), Taiwan
TV Vava'u, Tonga
TNT Tachikawa, Japan
TVL Townsville, Queensland
TO Lalos, Indonesia
TW Tamworth, New South Wales
TOE Toyama, Japan
TW Tarawa, Kiribati
TP Tathong Point (Hong Kong), Hong
Kong, PR of TWB Toowoomba, Queensland
TPB Temple Bar (Alice Springs), Northern TWS Tainan, Taiwan
Terr. TWU Tawau, Malaysia
TPG Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia TY Hat Yai Intl (Songkhla), Thailand
TPN Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia TY Titahi Bay (Wellington), New Zealand
TQT Tsuiki, Japan TYE Sakura, Japan
TR Ternate, Indonesia TYN Taoyuan, Taiwan
TR Tory, New Zealand TZT Takamatsu, Japan
TR Trang, Thailand
U VJR Johor Bahru, Malaysia

UAM Andersen (Guam), Guam VK Navakai (Nadi), Fiji Is
UB Ubon (Ubon Ratchathani), Thailand VKB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
UBE Ube (Yamaguchi), Japan VKE Kerteh, Malaysia
UBL Ubon (Ubon Ratchathani), Thailand VKG Kuching, Malaysia
UD Udon Thani, Thailand VKL Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
UDN Udon Thani, Thailand VKN Kuantan, Malaysia
UJN Uljin, Korea VKR Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
UK Ua Huka, French Pacific O.T. VKT Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
UKS Kosrae, Micronesia VLB Labuan, Malaysia
UNZ Nimitz, Guam VLG Limbang, Malaysia
UP U-Taphao, Thailand VLI Port Vila, Vanuatu
UPP Upolu Point (Hawi), Hawaii VMI Miri, Malaysia
US ULSAN, Korea VMK Malacca, Malaysia
USN Ulsan, Korea VMR Mersing (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
UT U-Tapao Pattaya Intl (Rayong), Thai- VNO Vanimo, PNG
land VPG Penang, Malaysia
UWE Yuwa (Akita), Japan VPH Vinhphuc (Hanoi), Vietnam
VPK Pekan (Kuantan), Malaysia
V
VPL Langkawi (Langkawi I.), Malaysia
VAS Alor Star, Malaysia
VPS Ipoh, Malaysia
VBA Batu Arang, Malaysia
VRD Victoria River Downs, Northern Terr.
VBT Butterworth, Malaysia
VSI Sibu, Malaysia
VBU Bintulu, Malaysia
VSN Sandakan, Malaysia
VC Virac, Philippines
VT Vungtau, Vietnam
VCE Tsushima, Japan
VTG Thangone, Laos
VCT Shimotsushima, Japan
VTK Tekong (Singapore), Singapore
VE Vientiane, Laos
VTN Vientiane, Laos
VGK Gong Kedak, Malaysia
VTV Vung Tau, Vietnam
VIH Ipoh, Malaysia
VTW Tawau, Malaysia
VIN VINH, Vietnam
VJB Johor Bahru, Malaysia
VYI Valley Island (Kahului), Hawaii WO Wairoa, New Zealand

VZU MULU, Malaysia WOL Wollongong, New South Wales
WON Wonthaggi, Victoria
W
WP Weipa, Queensland
WAV Wave Hill, Northern Terr.
WP Whenuapai (Auckland), New Zealand
WAY Wallaby (Alice Springs), Northern Terr.
WR Surabaya, Indonesia
WB Woodbourne, New Zealand
WR Whangarei, New Zealand
WBL Warrnambool, Victoria
WR Woomera, S Australia
WBR Warburton, W Australia
WS West Port, New Zealand
WDH Windorah, Queensland
WS Westport, New Zealand
WE Maimun Saleh, Indonesia
WTN Winton, Queensland
WG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
WU Wanganui, New Zealand
WG White Grass, Vanuatu
WW Sultan M Badaruddin II (Palembang),
WGT Wangaratta, Victoria Indonesia
WHA Whyalla, S Australia WWL West Wyalong, New South Wales
WI Waiuku, New Zealand WY Vientiane, Laos
WJS Wee Jasper, New South Wales WYM Wyndham, W Australia
WK Hsinshie, Taiwan WYY Wynyard, Tasmania
WK Wewak, PNG
X
WK Whakatane, New Zealand
X Vinh, Vietnam
WKB Warracknabeal, Victoria
WKE Wakkanai, Japan XAC Oshima, Japan
WLE Williamsdale, New South Wales XI Christmas I., Kiribati
WLG Walgett, New South Wales XMC Kowa, Japan
WLM Williamtown (Newcastle), New South XMX Christmas I, W Australia

Wales XR Kastner (Zama), Japan
WLU Wiluna, W Australia XVL Vungtau, Vietnam
WMD West Maitland, New South Wales XW Vinh, Vietnam
WMT Matsumae, Japan XZE Izumo, Japan
WN Watthana Nakhon, Thailand
Y
WN Wellington, New Zealand
YAG Yangyang, Korea
WNJ Wonju, Korea
YAS Yass, New South Wales ZMO Zao-Yamada, Japan

YC Yechon, Korea ZN Taitung, Taiwan
YCN Yechon, Korea ZN Fongnian (Chihhong), Taiwan
YDM Yong Dam (Jeju), Korea ZO Sorong, Indonesia
YGN Yangon, Myanmar ZP Merauke, Indonesia
YJU Yangju, Korea ZQ Manokwari, Indonesia
YKE Yakushima, Japan ZR Nabire, Indonesia
YLT Iruma, Japan ZV Kaimana, Indonesia
YME Miyazu, Japan ZW Wamena, Indonesia
YNE Yonaguni, Japan ZX Oksibil, Indonesia
YNG Young, New South Wales ZYT Chitose (Sapporo), Japan
YOE Yao, Japan
LOCALIZERS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER
YOK Yokota (Tokyo), Japan
B
YP Yap, Micronesia
BE Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl), Brunei
YRE Yoron, Japan
BI Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl), Brunei
YS Yeosu, Korea
YSE Shonai, Japan D
YTE Yamagata, Japan DAD Da Nang (Da Nang Intl), Vietnam
YU Hualien, Taiwan
H
YVE Yonago, Japan
HCM Hochiminh (Tansonnhat), Vietnam
YW Eyrewell (Christchurch), New Zealand
YWE Yarrowee, Victoria I
YY Bandung, Indonesia IAA Auckland (Auckland Intl), New Zealand
YZT Shizuhama (Yaizu), Japan IAB Albany, W Australia
IAD Adelaide (Adelaide Intl), S Australia
Z
IAD Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl), Japan
ZAM Zamboanga, Philippines
IAG Atsugi, Japan
ZDG Phu Quoc, Vietnam
IAM Amami, Japan
ZF Timika, Indonesia
IAM Amberley (Amberley Military), Queens-
ZH Tanah Merah, Indonesia
land
ZM Biak, Indonesia
IAMN Ambon (Pattimura), Indonesia
IAP Apia (Faleolo Intl), W Samoa ICCK Taichung (Cingcyuangang), Taiwan

IAS Alice Springs, Northern Terr. ICE Singapore (Changi), Singapore
IAS Alor Star (Sultan Abdul Halim), Malay- ICGL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia sia
IAV Avalon, Victoria ICGR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia
IAV Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl), Cook Is
ICH Singapore (Changi), Singapore
IAW Asahikawa, Japan
ICH Christchurch (Christchurch Intl), New
IAWD Agana (Guam Intl), Guam
Zealand
IBAC Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda), In-
ICH Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan
donesia
ICHE Jeju (Jeju Intl), Korea
IBB Port Moresby (Jacksons), PNG
ICHG Cheongju (Cheongju Intl), Korea
IBCD Silay (Bacolod), Philippines
ICHI Chiayi (Chiayi Aero), Taiwan
IBDM Banjarmasin (Syamsudin Noor), Indo-
nesia ICHJ Cheongju (Cheongju Intl), Korea
IBF Port Vila (Bauerfield), Vanuatu ICHL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia
IBGN Matsu (Beigan), Taiwan
ICHR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
IBGS Matsu (Beigan), Taiwan
sia
IBIK Biak (Frans Kaisiepo), Indonesia
ICJN Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan
IBKD Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand
ICJU Jeju (Jeju Intl), Korea
IBKK Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand
ICK Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal
IBKL Bengkulu (Fatmawati Soekarno), Indo- Intl), Philippines
nesia
ICKM Kinmen, Taiwan
IBPN Balikpapan (Sepinggan), Indonesia
ICKS Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan
IBRM Buri Ram, Thailand
ICMA Chiang Mai (Chiang Mai Intl), Thailand
IBS Brisbane (Brisbane Intl), Queensland
ICMN Kinmen, Taiwan
IBTM Batam (Hang Nadim), Indonesia
ICN Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
IBUT Rayong (U-Tapao Pattaya Intl), Thai-
ICN Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan
land
ICO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines
ICA Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal
Intl), Philippines ICPN Chumphon, Thailand
ICB Canberra, Australian Capital ICS Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
ICB Sapporo (Chitose), Japan ICS Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan
ICC Singapore (Changi), Singapore ICT Can Tho (Can Tho Intl), Vietnam
ICTR Chiang Rai (Chiang Rai Intl), Thailand IHAL Jakarta (Halim Intl), Indonesia
ICW Singapore (Changi), Singapore IHB Hobart, Tasmania
IDAG Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea IHC Hachijojima, Japan
IDAO Davao (Bangoy Intl), Philippines IHE Hachinohe, Japan
IDMG Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand IHG Hiroshima, Japan
IDN Darwin (Darwin Intl), Northern Terr. IHL Hakodate, Japan
IDN Dunedin, New Zealand IHM Memanbetsu, Japan
IDPS Bali (Ngurah Rai Intl), Indonesia IHP Hanamaki, Japan
IDR Da Nang (Da Nang Intl), Vietnam IHSU Hsinchu (Hsinchu Aero), Taiwan
IDVO Davao (Bangoy Intl), Philippines IHTY Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl), Thailand
IEB Wellington (Wellington Intl), New Zea- IHW Christchurch (Christchurch Intl), New
land Zealand
IED Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military)), S IHY Hyakuri, Japan
Australia IIO Iloilo, Philippines
IEL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se- IIOS Oshima, Japan
pang), Malaysia
IIPA Isla De Pascua (Mataveri Intl), Isla De
IEN Melbourne (Essendon), Victoria Pascua
IER Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se- IITO Hilo (Hilo Intl), Hawaii
pang), Malaysia
IIUM Honolulu (Honolulu Intl), Hawaii
IES East Sale (East Sale (Military)), Victoria
IJA Kanoya, Japan
IFE Fukue, Japan
IJB Johor Bahru (Senai Intl), Malaysia
IFF Fukuoka, Japan
IJDG Jeju (Jeongseok), Korea
IJOG Yogyakarta (Adi Sucipto), Indonesia
IFL Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
Kong, PR of IJPA Jayapura (Sentani), Indonesia
IFNN Taitung (Fongnian), Taiwan IKAS Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl), Taiwan
IFO Fukuoka, Japan IKB Kota Bharu (Sultan Ismail Petra), Ma-
laysia
IFU Fukue, Japan
IGD Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
IKC Nagoya, Japan
IGSA General Santos City (Tambler Natl),
Philippines IKD Osaka (Kansai Intl), Japan
IGUM Agana (Guam Intl), Guam IKDN Okinawa I (Kadena AB), Japan
IHA Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl), Japan IKE Kerteh, Malaysia
IKF Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan ILB Labuan I (Labuan), Malaysia

IKG Kagoshima, Japan ILK Langkawi I. (Langkawi Intl), Malaysia
IKG Kuching (Kuching Intl), Malaysia ILMB Praya (Lombok Intl), Indonesia
IKHE Busan (Gimhae Intl), Korea ILNY Lanai City (Lanai), Hawaii
IKHG Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl), Taiwan ILPB Luang Phabang (Luang Phabang Intl),
Laos
IKKP Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
ILT Launceston, Tasmania
IKL Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz
Shah-Subang), Malaysia ILU Bintulu, Malaysia
IKLO Kalibo, Philippines IMA Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines
IKM Komatsu, Japan IMAK Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
nesia
IKMA Busan (Gimhae Intl), Korea
IMAN Muan (Muan Intl), Korea
IKMO Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea
IMAS Misawa (Misawa AB), Japan
IKN Osaka (Kansai Intl), Japan
IMCT Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu
IKN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
Intl), Philippines
South Wales
IMDG Gwangju, Korea
IKN Kuantan (Sultan Ahmad Shah), Malay-
sia IMDH Gwangju, Korea
IKOA Kailua-Kona (Kona Intl At Keahole), IMDN Medan (Polonia), Indonesia
Hawaii IMG Auckland (Auckland Intl), New Zealand
IKPO Pohang, Korea IMIA Mandalay (Mandalay Intl), Myanmar
IKPS Nakhon Pathom (Kamphaeng Saen), IMIS Misawa (Misawa AB), Japan
Thailand
IMKB Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau Intl),
IKQ Kitakyushu, Japan Indonesia
IKR Kochi, Japan IMKG Magong, Taiwan
IKRT Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat), Thailand IML Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines
IKS Kushiro, Japan IMN Dunedin, New Zealand
IKT Takamatsu, Japan IMNO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia
IKU Kumamoto, Japan IMP Matsuyama, Japan
IKUI Chiayi (Chiayi Aero), Taiwan IMPO Mokpo, Korea
IKUZ Gunsan (Gunsan AB), Korea IMR Aomori, Japan
IKZZ Okinawa I (Kadena AB), Japan IMR Miri, Malaysia
IMS Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria IOK Naha, Japan

IMT Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu IOK Oakey (Oakey (Military)), Queensland
Intl), Philippines IOL Nagasaki, Japan
IMUN Muan (Muan Intl), Korea IOL Omura, Japan
IMV Monbetsu, Japan IOSN Osan (Osan AB), Korea
IMW Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria IOY Okayama, Japan
IMY Miyakojima (Miyako), Japan IPC Pearce, W Australia
IMZ Miyazaki, Japan IPCB Phetchabun, Thailand
INA Nowra (Nowra Military), New South IPE Pearce, W Australia
Wales
IPG Penang I (Penang Intl), Malaysia
INAN Nan, Thailand
IPH Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
INC Niigata, Japan
IPH Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl), Vietnam
INH Nyutabaru, Japan
IPKT Phuket (Phuket Intl), Thailand
ININ Osan (Osan AB), Korea
IPKU Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II), In-
INK Nanki-Shirahama, Japan
donesia
INKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
IPLB Palembang (Sultan M Badaruddin II),
INKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand Indonesia
INKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand IPLR Palangka Raya (Tjilik Riwut), Indonesia
INN Nadi (Nadi Intl), Fiji Is IPN Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore
INO Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl), Cook Is IPN Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
INPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar IPNK Pontianak (Supadio), Indonesia
INS Nakashibetsu, Japan IPO Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah), Malaysia
INT Noto, Japan IPQ Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl), Vietnam
INTW Narathiwat, Thailand IPS Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore
IOA Oki, Japan IPSL Phitsanulok, Thailand
IOB Obihiro, Japan IPTK Camp Humphreys (A-511 (Desiderio
IOD Odate-Noshiro, Japan AAF)), Korea
IOFR Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea IRAN Ranong, Thailand
IOG Kahului, Hawaii IREP Siem Reap, Cambodia

G IRI Richmond (Richmond (Military)), New
IOH Ohakea (Ohakea (Military)), New Zea- South Wales
land
IRM Ohakea (Ohakea (Military)), New Zea- ISU Sibu, Malaysia

land ISW Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
IROT Roi Et, Thailand South Wales
IRS Rishiri, Japan ISWN Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand
ISA Shimojishima, Japan ISWS Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand
ISAM Sacheon, Korea ISY Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
South Wales
ISZ Shizuoka, Japan
ISB Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz
Shah-Subang), Malaysia ITAG Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea
ISBA Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl), Philippines ITB Memanbetsu, Japan
ISBI Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl), Philippines ITCG Taichung (Cingcyuangang), Taiwan
ISBY Surabaya (Juanda), Indonesia ITDO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia
ISD Sendai, Japan ITF Oita, Japan
ISEL Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea ITFR Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
Kong, PR of
ISEN Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand
ITGL Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea
ISES Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand
ITH Tajima, Japan
ISG Saga, Japan
ITIA Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan
ISH Matsudo (Shimofusa), Japan
ITJ Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
ISHA Sacheon, Korea
ITK Tokunoshima, Japan
ISK Osaka (Osaka Intl), Japan
ITL Townsville (Townsville Intl), Queens-
ISKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
land
ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia
ITLU Taipei (Songshan), Taiwan
ISKP Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea
ITM Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
ISKT Sukhothai, Thailand
ITN Tanegashima, Japan
ISLO Solo (Adi Soemarmo), Indonesia
ITN Tindal (Tindal (Military)), Northern Terr.
ISN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
ITNN Tainan (Tainan Aero), Taiwan
South Wales
ITO Toyama, Japan
ISN Shonai, Japan
ITR Tottori, Japan
ISOL Seoul (Seoul / Domestic), Korea
ITRK Tarakan (Juwata), Indonesia
ISR Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
Kong, PR of ITRN Trang, Thailand
ISTN Surat Thani, Thailand ITS Tokushima, Japan
ITSG Taipei (Songshan), Taiwan IWR Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
pang), Malaysia
ITUT Pago Pago (Pago Pago Intl), Amer Sa-
moa IXZ Izumo, Japan
ITW Tamworth, New South Wales IYAN Yangyang (Yangyang Intl), Korea
ITWU Tawau, Malaysia IYAS Tokyo (Yokota AB), Japan
ITYA Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan IYCH Yecheon (Yecheon Aero), Korea
IUAM Guam I (Andersen AFB), Guam IYGN Yangon (Yangon Intl), Myanmar
IUB Ube (Yamaguchi-Ube), Japan IYN Yonaguni I (Yonaguni), Japan
IUBL Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand IYOK Tokyo (Yokota AB), Japan
IUDN Udon Thani, Thailand IYQ Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
IUJN Uljin, Korea IYS Shonai, Japan
IUJP Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo- IYSO Yeosu, Korea
nesia IYT Yamagata, Japan
IUJS Uljin, Korea IYV Yonago (Miho), Japan
IULS Ulsan, Korea IZAM Zamboanga (Zamboanga Intl), Philip-
IUPG Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo- pines
nesia IZSL Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
IUW Akita, Japan Kong, PR of
IVC Tsushima, Japan
L
IVPR Gunsan (Gunsan AB), Korea
LT Noumea (Tontouta), New Caledonia
IVTN Vientiane (Wattay Intl), Laos
IWA Iwami, Japan M
IWG Port Moresby (Jacksons), PNG MCN Macao (Macao Intl), Macao, PR of
IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales MCS Macao (Macao Intl), Macao, PR of
IWI Auckland (Whenuapai (Military)), New
Zealand N
IWK Wakkanai, Japan NB Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl), Vietnam
IWL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se- NBA Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl), Vietnam
pang), Malaysia
IWM Williamtown (Williamtown Military), P
New South Wales PBA HUE (Phu Bai Intl), Vietnam
IWP Auckland (Whenuapai (Military)), New
Zealand
PNP Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh Intl), Cam-

bodia
PT Tahiti I (Faaa), French Pacific O.T.
S
SGN Hochiminh (Tansonnhat), Vietnam
PACIFIC
PACIFIC VOR RECEIVER CHECK SIGNALS
INTRODUCTION
Airborne and ground check points consist of certified radials that should be received at specific
points on the airport surface or over specific landmarks while airborne in the immediate vicinity of
the airport.
Should an error in excess of plus or minus 4 degrees be indicated through use of a ground check,
or plus or minus 6 degrees using the airborne check, IFR flight shall not be attempted without first
correcting the source of the error.
CAUTION: No correction other than the correction card figures supplied by the manufac-
turer should be applied in making these VOR receiver checks.
EXPLANATION OF LISTINGS
The following information is provided.
– Type of check, Ground (G) or Airborne (A).
– For VOR check points – VOR frequency and identifier. Bearing in degrees magnetic outbound
from the VOR; location of the check point (distances are in nautical miles); altitude (in feet
MSL).
VOR RECEIVER CHECK POINTS

HILO, HAWAII G 116.9 ITO 258°; 2.6 NM on runup pad S of AER 08.
Out of SVC indefinitely.
A 116.9 ITO 323°; 8.5 NM over Pepeekeo lighthouse;
1000'.
HONOLULU, HAWAII (Intl) A 114.8 HNL 322°; 12 NM intersection of H-2 and Wheel-
er AFB Rwy 06 Centerline extended; 1500'.
LIHUE, HAWAII G 113.5 LIH 338°; 1 NM intersection Twy G and Twy A.
G 113.5 LIH 342°; 1.1 NM Twy F and Twy A.
MAUI A 115.1 OGG 055°; 6.8 NM Pauwela lighthouse; 1000'.
G 115.1 OGG 199°; 0.6 NM Kahului Apt on runup area
AER 02.
NIMITZ (GUAM Intl) G 115.8 UNZ 063°; 3.3 NM Twy A between Rwy 06L and
Rwy 06R.
PAGO PAGO, AMERICAN SA- A 112.5 TUT 060°; 9.4 NM over radio tower in center of
MOA town on Aunnu Island; 1500'.
G 112.5 TUT 309°; 0.4 NM on ramp at Twy D.
WAKE ISLAND G 113.5 AWK 096°; 1.3 NM on runup area Rwy 28.
Radio Aids
Radio Data - Australia

RADIO DATA - AUSTRALIA 286
AUSTRALIA
RADIO NAVIGATION SERVICE
1 GENERAL
1.1 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION
1.1.1 The following types of radio aids to navigation operate within Australian FIRs:
a. MF Non-Directional Beacon (NDB);
b. VHF Omni-Directional Radio Range (VOR);
c. Distance Measuring Equipment (DME);
d. Instrument Landing System (ILS);
e. Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR);
f. Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR);
g. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) including Global Positioning System (GPS);
h. Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN) (military locations);
i. Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Contract (ADS-C) (FANS-1/A); and
j. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) (1090MHz Extended Squitter).
1.2 IDENTIFICATION
1.2.1 Radio navigation aids serving the same location normally radiate the same identification
codes. Further, at:
a. ILS/localizer installations, the normal identification is preceded by the letter “I”; and at
b. private non-accredited NDBs, a four letter identifier is radiated, the first letter being “X”.
2 NON-DIRECTIONAL BEACONS
2.1 Due to the frequency range available within Australia, a number of beacons share the same
frequency. Where this occurs, the beacons are widely spaced geographically.
2.2 Some NDBs have been sited in mountainous country and reflections of the signal can cause
bearing fluctuations which may occasionally exceed 10°. Since these fluctuations may tend to
obscure the “over the top” indications, other aids should be used as a check. The rated coverage
of these NDBs is generally reduced to no more than 30 NM.
3 VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR)

3.1 These aids operate in the frequency band 112 – 118 MHz. The track radials are designated
by their magnetic bearing away from the station.
AUSTRALIA
3.2 RATED COVERAGE

3.2.1 VOR and DME
Aircraft Altitude (feet) Range (NM)

Below 5000 60
5000 to below 10,000 90
10,000 to below 15,000 120
15,000 to below 20,000 150
20,000 and above 180
NOTE: The above ranges are quoted for planning purposes. Actual ranges obtained may some-
times be less than these due to facility and site variations.
4 DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)

4.1 Australia uses the international 1000 MHz system. The system uses the channels designa-
ted in ICAO Annex 10 for operation with the VOR frequency selected for the same site. This “pair-
ing” facilitates compatible airborne equipment to display both the DME and VOR information by
the selection of only the VOR frequency.
4.2 When specific ICAO requirements are met, collocated DME and VOR are said to be “associ-
ated” and are shown as VOR/DME with the VOR frequency. In other cases, a bracket will be used
to indicate collocation of navigation aids.
4.3 When a DME is not “associated” with the VOR at the same site, it is identified in NOTAM by
its channel number and suffix with the VOR frequency in parenthesis; e.g., DME 111X (116.4).
5 TACTICAL AIR NAVIGATION (TACAN)

5.1 TACAN systems are installed at a number of military / joint-user aerodromes.
5.1.1 The DME element of the TACAN can be obtained by using its “paired” VOR frequency.
NOTE: TACAN and VOR installations at joint-user airfields are never “associated”.
5.1.2 TACAN is shown with the channel number above the facility name; e.g., TAC-88. The
paired VOR frequency is shown in the facility box in parenthesis; e.g., (114.1).
6 INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)

6.1 GENERAL
6.1.1 The ILS comprises localizer equipment, glide path equipment and marker beacons, usu-
ally supported by an NDB.
CAUTION: False courses may exist or course reversals may occur outside the sector 35°
either side of the localizer course.
AUSTRALIA
6.2 FAILURES
6.2.1 In the event of an NDB failure, aircraft must join the ILS outside the outer marker as direc-
ted by NOTAM or ATC.
6.2.2 In the event of glide path failure, only the localizer procedure is available.
6.2.3 Where marker beacons are not available, aircraft may use the ILS provided that the alter-
nate fixes nominated on the instrument approach chart or by NOTAM are used for altimeter
checks.
6.3 RATED COVERAGE

6.3.1 Localizer
6.3.1.1 Localizer ranges are for those installations that have been nominated for position fixing
at ranges beyond 25 NM.
Aircraft Altitude (feet) Range (NM)

At 2000 AGL within +/-10 degrees of course line 25
Below 5000 30
5000 and above 50
7 PUBLIC BROADCASTING STATIONS

7.1 Some broadcast stations are shown on visual navigation charts when they may be of value
as supplementary aids to navigation. Broadcast station locations and frequencies are published in
section titled Broadcast Stations.
8 ABNORMAL OPERATION OF RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS

8.1 Users must notify ATS of any abnormal condition in the operation of any radio navigation
facility.
8.2 AIDS NOT AVAILABLE FOR NAVIGATION

8.2.1 Sometimes a facility that is not suitable for navigation has to be operated for test purpo-
ses. To provide a warning to pilots in such cases, in addition to NOTAM or verbal advice, the sta-
tion identifier will either:
a. be suppressed; or
b. for ILS:
1. when the localizer is out of service, the glide path will not be radiated and there will be
no identifier; or
2. when the glide path is out of service, the localizer may be radiated together with the sta-
tion identification; and
c. for newly-installed NDBs or experimental facilities, the identifier XP will be used.
AUSTRALIA
8.3 REMOTE FACILITIES

8.3.1 Sometimes circumstances necessitate the introduction of a station identification before the
aid is notified as being available for operational use. While use of the aid in these circumstances
does not present an operational hazard, navigation by use of the aid must not be planned until its
availability is notified by NOTAM.
8.4 MONITORING OF IDENTIFIER

8.4.1 If a station identification is not received or is corrupt, the aid should not be used as the
primary means of navigation except when its serviceability in this condition is confirmed by
NOTAM.
AUSTRALIA
AIR NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
1 INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (INS)

1.1 The Inertial Navigation System is a totally self-contained navigation system, comprised of
gyros, accelerometers, and a navigation computer, which provides aircraft position and navigation
information in response to signals resulting from inertial effects on system components, and does
not require information from external references.
1.2 INS is aligned with accurate position information prior to departure, and thereafter calculates
its position as it progresses to the destination. By programming a series of waypoints, the system
will navigate along a predetermined track. New waypoints can be inserted at any time if a revised
routing is desired.
1.3 INS accuracy is very high initially following alignment, and decays with time at the rate of
about 1 to 2 NM per hour. Position update alignment can be accomplished inflight using ground
based references, and many INS systems now have sophisticated automatic update using dual
DME and or VOR inputs.
1.4 INS may be approved as the sole means of navigation or may be used in combination with
other systems.
2 DOPPLER RADAR
2.1 Doppler Radar is a semiautomatic self-contained dead reckoning navigation system (radar
sensor plus computer) which is not continuously dependent on information derived from ground
based or external aids. The system employs radar signals to detect and measure ground speed
and drift angle, using the aircraft compass system as its directional reference.
2.2 Doppler is less accurate than INS however, and the use of an external reference is required
for periodic updates if acceptable position accuracy is to be achieved on long range flights.
3 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)

3.1 The Flight Management System is a computer system that uses a large data base to allow
routes to be pre-programmed and fed into the system by means of a data loader. The system is
constantly updated with respect to position accuracy by reference to conventional navigation aids.
The sophisticated program and its associated data base insures that the most appropriate aids
are automatically selected during the information update cycle.
4 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

4.1 The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based radio navigation system, based on
the World Geodetic System – 1984 (WGS-84) datum, which provides highly accurate position and
velocity information.
4.2 Use of GPS for IFR operations is dependent on the U.S. Department of Defense GPS
Standard Positioning Service operating to its defined full operating capability. Use of this service
to meet the requirements for a sole means navigation system must be in accordance with Radio
Navigation Systems.
AUSTRALIA
5 AREA NAVIGATION SYSTEMS APPROVAL AND

OPERATIONS
5.1 DATA INTEGRITY
5.1.1 As a significant number of data errors in general applications occur as a result of manual
data errors, navigation aid and waypoint latitude and longitude data should be derived from a data
base, if available, which cannot be modified by the operator or pilots.
5.1.2 When data is entered manually, data entries must be crossed-checked by at least two
crew members for accuracy and reasonableness, or, for single pilot operations, an independent
check must be made (e.g., computed tracks and distances against current chart data).
5.1.3 Both manually-entered and database-derived position and tracking information must be
checked for reasonableness (confidence check) in the following cases:
a. prior to each compulsory reporting point;
b. at or prior to arrival at each enroute waypoint;
c. at hourly intervals during area-type operations when operating off established routes; and
d. after insertion of new data; e.g., creation of a new flight plan.
5.2 DATABASE CURRENCY

5.2.1 For area navigation systems that contain an updatable database, that database must be
current when the system is used for flights under the IFR/Night VFR.
5.3 OPERATIONS BELOW LSALT/MSA

5.3.1 Only data from a current validated database may be used for navigation below the LSALT/
MSA. Manually entered data must not be used for navigation below the LSALT/MSA, unless spe-
cifically authorized by the CASA.
5.4 SYSTEMS APPROVAL

5.4.1 Area navigation systems suitable for approval are based on GNSS or inertial reference.
5.4.2 Inertial area navigation systems equipment may be used operationally as the primary
means of enroute navigation only when the specific aircraft and operator have been formally
approved to do so by the CASA.
5.4.3 Approval, which may be granted by District Offices of the CASA for Australian registered
aircraft, is based on system operational accuracy determined from samples of flight data forwar-
ded to the CASA by the operator. For foreign registered aircraft, authorization is administered by
Head Office of the CASA.
5.4.4 All Australian registered aircraft fitted with an inertial system (INS or IRS) that have been
operationally approved by the CASA are permitted to flight plan and operate on Area Navigation
routes provided the airspace/route accuracy performance requirements are met. Foreign regis-
tered aircraft which have received approval from the CASA are also permitted to operate on Area
Navigation routes.
AUSTRALIA
WARNING: Use of area navigation systems that have not been authorized by the CASA can be
hazardous to aircraft operations and is contrary to Civil Aviation Regulations. In addition, position
information gained from area navigation systems which are not approved must not be provided to
ATC for traffic separation purposes.
5.5 GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS)

GNSS is a worldwide satellite navigation service comprising of one or more satellite constella-
tions, including GPS, aircraft receivers and integrity monitoring, augmented as necessary to ach-
ieve specific navigational performance.
5.5.1 CASA has approved various operations using GNSS avionics that receive signals from the
GPS constellation. Approvals and conditions are specific to the operation, flight crew qualifica-
tions and the systems on board the aircraft. Further guidance and legislative references may be
found in CAAP 179A-1.
5.5.2 GNSS must not be used as a navigation reference for flight below the LSALT/MSA, except
as specified in applications listed in paragraph 5.5.5, or as otherwise authorized by CASA.
5.5.3 In the event that GNSS performance degrades to where an alert is raised, or there is other
cause to doubt the integrity of GNSS information, the pilot-in-command must discontinue its use
and carry out appropriate NAVAID failure procedures.
5.5.4 VFR Operations
5.5.4.1 GNSS may be used under the VFR in the following applications:
a. Visual Navigation. Pilots operating under the VFR may use GNSS to supplement map
reading and other visual navigation techniques.
b. Night VFR Area Navigation. Pilots operating under the VFR at night may use GNSS for:
1. position fixing and long range navigation in accordance with Navigation Requirements;
2. operations on designated Area Navigation routes and application of Area Navigation-
based LSALT;
3. deriving distance information for enroute navigation, traffic information and ATC separa-
tion; and
4. meeting the Night VFR requirements for radio navigation systems, and alternate aero-
drome requirements.
NOTE: ATC may apply area navigation-based separation standards to aircraft meeting
the requirements for Night VFR area navigation.
5.5.4.2 Where GNSS is used for Night VFR area navigation applications, the flight crew must be
appropriately qualified and GNSS receivers must be certified to meet TSO-C129, C129a, C145,
C145a, C146, C146a, C196 or an equivalent standard approved by CASA.
5.5.4.3 The following table summarizes the airworthiness and operational requirements for
GNSS applications under the VFR:
AUSTRALIA
GNSS APPLICATIONS – VFR

Operational Privileges/
Application Airworthiness Requirement
Requirement
Visual Navigation Limited to supplementing visual Any GNSS receiver may be
navigation techniques. used, but installed receivers
must be fitted in accordance with
CAAP 35-1 or AC21-36.
Night VFR Area Navigation a. GNSS receiver operated in a. GNSS receiver certified to
accordance with the manu- TSO-C129, C129a, C145,
facturer’s operating instruc- C145a, C146, C146a or
tions, and any additional in- equivalent standard ap-
structions specified by the proved by CASA.
operator. b. GNSS receiver fitted in ac-
b. Flight crew hold appropriate cordance with CAAP 35-1
GNSS qualifications. or AC21-36 and automatic
barometric aiding options
functional.
c. Manufacturer’s operating
instructions, and any addi-
tional instructions specified
by the operator carried on
board the aircraft.
5.5.5 IFR Operations

5.5.5.1 GNSS may be used under the IFR in the following applications:
a. DR Substitute. Pilots operating under the IFR may use GNSS in lieu of DR navigation tech-
niques for that part of the flight that is outside the rated coverage of terrestrial navigation
aids.
NOTE: This is not an area navigation approval.
b. IFR Area Navigation. Pilots operating in Australian domestic airspace under the IFR may
use GNSS for position fixing and long range navigation in accordance with Navigation
Requirements, operations on designated area navigation routes, and application of area nav-
igation-based LSALT. It may also be used for deriving distance information for enroute navi-
gation, traffic information and ATC separation. GNSS may also be used as a navigation aid
to determine distance information for SID, STAR and instrument approach procedures where
the use of GPS is specified on the IAL chart. Further, GNSS may be used to meet the IFR
requirements for radio navigation systems specified in Radio Navigation Systems.
NOTE: ATC may apply area navigation-based separation standards to aircraft meeting the
requirements for IFR area navigation.
AUSTRALIA
c. RNAV (GNSS) Non-precision Approach (or RNP APCH). Pilots operating under the IFR
may use GNSS as an approach navigation aid to determine distance and track information
for RNAV (GNSS) Non-precision Approach procedures.
NOTE: CAO20.91 allows for transition of current RNAV approvals to ICAO Performance
Based Navigation (PBN) approvals. Under this transition RNAV (GNSS) NPA will become
RNP APCH and are considered equivalent.
d. Oceanic Area Navigation. CASA may issue an approval for an operator to use GNSS as an
enroute navigation aid in oceanic and remote areas outside the boundaries of Australian
domestic airspace (see General Flight Procedures paragraph 6.4.3). Standard conditions for
these approvals may be found in CAO20.91.
e. GNSS Landing System (GLS). CASA may approve an operator to use GNSS GBAS as a
precision approach navigation aid.
5.5.5.2 Where GNSS is used under the IFR for applications, the flight crew must be appropri-
ately qualified, and GNSS receivers must be certified to meet any of the following TSOs: TSO-
C129, C129a, C145, C145a, C146, C146a or an equivalent standard approved by CASA.
5.5.5.3 RNAV (GNSS) non-precision approach (or RNP APCH) capability using a TSO C145a or
C146a receiver and the valid prediction of approach availability from the Airservices Australia
RAIM prediction service may be used to satisfy the requirements set out in Radio Navigation Aids
and Instrument Approach Requirements. CASA may approve other receivers and prediction tools
for these applications on the basis of equivalent safety performance.
5.5.5.4 The following table summarizes the airworthiness and operational requirements for IFR
applications of GNSS:
AUSTRALIA
GNSS APPLICATIONS – IFR

Requirement
DR Substitute a. GNSS receiver operated in a. GPS receiver certified to
accordance with the manu- TSO-C129, C129a, C145a,
facturer’s operating instruc- C146a or equivalent stand-
tions, and any additional in- ard approved by CASA.
structions specified by the b. GNSS receiver fitted in ac-
operator. cordance with AC21-36 or
applicable equivalent stand-
ard at the time of fitment
and automatic barometric
aiding options functional.
c. Manufacturer’s operating
instructions, and any addi-
tional instructions specified
by the operator carried on
board the aircraft.
IFR Area Navigation a. GNSS receiver operated in a. GPS receiver certified to
accordance with the manu- TSO-C129, C129a, C145a,
facturer’s operating instruc- C146a or equivalent stand-
structions specified by the b. GNSS receiver fitted in ac-
operator. cordance with AC21-36 or
b. Flight crew meet appropri- applicable equivalent stand-
ate GNSS qualification and ard at the time of fitment
recency requirements. and automatic barometric
aiding options functional.
c. For SID, STAR and ap-
proach procedures, other c. Manufacturer’s operating
than RNAV (or RNP) proce- instructions, and any addi-
dures, primary track guid- tional instructions specified
ance must be provided by by the operator carried on
the navaid (NDB, VOR, board the aircraft.
LOC or ILS) nominated on
the IAL chart.
AUSTRALIA
GNSS APPLICATIONS – IFR

Requirement
RNAV (GNSS) Non-preci- a. GNSS receiver operated in a. GPS receiver certified to
sion Approach accordance with the manu- TSO-C129, C129a, C145a,
facturer’s operating instruc- C146a, or equivalent stand-
NOTE: CAO20.91 allows
for transition of current
structions specified by the
RNAV approvals to ICAO b. GNSS receiver fitted in ac-
operator.
Performance Based Navi- cordance with AC21-36 or
gation (PBN) approvals. b. Flight crew meet appropri- applicable equivalent stand-
Under this transition RNAV ate RNAV (GNSS) (or RNP ard at the time of fitment
(GNSS) NPA will become APCH) qualification and re- and automatic barometric
RNP APCH and are consid- cency requirements. aiding options functional.
ered equivalent. c. Unless using a TSO-C145a c. Manufacturer’s operating
or C146a receiver and a instructions, and any addi-
valid prediction of approach tional instructions specified
FDE availability, at both the by the operator carried on
destination and alternate, if board the aircraft.
required, provision for an
alternate aerodrome may
not be based on RNAV
(GNSS) (or RNP APCH)
approach capability.
d. If a TSO-C129 or a C129a
receiver is used, an alter-
nate instrument approach
utilizing ground based navi-
gation aids must be availa-
ble.
Oceanic Area Navigation Requires an approval issued by As detailed in an approval is-
CASA. sued by CASA.
GLS Requires an approval issued by As detailed in an approval is-
CASA sued by CASA.
5.5.5 CAO20.91 provides for approved stand-alone GNSS installations to be deemed to have an
operational authorization when the installation meets the requirements of AC 21–36 ( ) or CAAP
35–1 and the pilot is authorized under the provisions of CAO40.2.1 or 40.2.3 and has the relevant
associated logbook entry. A summary of the CAO20.91 deeming provisions are specified below:
AUSTRALIA
PBN Deeming Provisions for GNSS Equipped Aircraft

Aircraft GNSS Equipment Authorized for
TSO C129( ) Class A1 or A2 RNAV 5
TSO C146( ) Class Gamma Operational Class 1, 2 or 3 RNAV 1 and RNAV 2
ETSO C146( ) Class Gamma Operational Class 1, 2 or 3 RNP 2
RNP 1
NOTE: TSO C129 systems require an alternate that is not
based on GNSS.
TSO C129a Class A1 RNAV 5
TSO C129a Class A1 RNAV 1 and RNAV 2
RNP 2
NOTE: TSO C129 systems require an alternate that is not RNP 1
based on GNSS. RNP APCH LNAV
TSO C146 ( ) Class Gamma Operational Class 1, 2 or 3 RNAV 5
ETSO C146 ( ) Class Gamma Operational Class 1, 2 or 3 RNAV 1 and RNAV 2
RNP 2
NOTE: RNP APCH LP or LPV operational approvals are RNP 1
valid only when the aircraft is operating within the service RNP APCH LNAV
volume of a SBAS.
RNP APCH LP and LPV
6 RVSM APPROVAL AND OPERATIONS

6.1 RVSM is a published ICAO standard, which allows the use of 1000 ft separation between
RVSM-approved aircraft operating from FL290 to FL410 inclusive. In Australia, RVSM is applied
in accordance with the ICAO standard. Operators and aircraft must be approved by the State of
Registry. Guidance on the approvals process for Australian-registered aircraft is contained in Civil
Aviation Advisory Publication (CAAP) 181A-(0) (not published herein).
6.2 PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION (PBN)

6.2.1 Performance Based Navigation (PBN) is implemented throughout Australian administered
airspace. The following navigation specifications are recognized:
a. RNAV 10 (also authorized as RNP 10).
b. RNAV 5 (GNSS)
c. RNAV 5 (INS or IRS)
d. RNAV 2
e. RNAV 1
AUSTRALIA
f. RNP 4
g. RNP 2
h. RNP 1
i. RNP 0.3
j. RNP APCH (including LNAV, LNAV/VNAV (APV Baro–VNAV), LP and LPV)
k. RNP AR (including RNP AR APCH, RNP AR DEP, ENP AR EOSID)
l. APV Baro–NAV
6.2.2 Aircraft with PBN approvals will be afforded appropriate separation based on notified
capability. A PBN approval is obtained from the State of Registry or State of the Operator, as
appropriate.
6.2.3 ATC applies separation minima based on a flight’s notified navigation specification. There-
fore, pilots must notify ATC when operating with reduced navigation performance. The following
apply:
a. Operating With One Area Navigation System. The pilot must notify ATC whenever the air-
craft is operating with a single area navigation system and continue as cleared by ATC.
b. Aircraft Not Navigating to the Notified PBN approval. The pilot must notify ATC that the
aircraft can no longer navigate to the notified PBN approval.
c. Loss of All Aircraft Area Navigation Systems. The pilot should follow the contingency pro-
cedures published in ICAO Regional Supplementary Procedures (Doc 7030).
6.2.4 PBN Transitional Arrangements. CAO20.91 provides transitional arrangements for existing
navigation authorizations and GNSS equipped aircraft. Operator navigation authorizations will
transition to PBN over two years. Similarly, area navigation routes and airspace including instru-
ment flight procedures will transition from current designations to PBN designations over several
years.
PBN Transitional Arrangements

Current Authorization Comments PBN Authorization
Australian RNAV (AUSEP) Enroute navigation will transi- RNAV 5
tion to RNAV 5 over time.
B–RNAV European operations only. RNAV 5
P–RNAV Aircraft approved for US– RNAV 1
RNAV only require additional RNP 1
changes to operate on P–
RNAV routes. Aircraft ap-
proved for both P–RNAV and
US–RNAV require no further
changes.
AUSTRALIA
PBN Transitional Arrangements

US–RNAV Type A and Type B Aircraft approved for P–RNAV RNAV 1 or
only require additional changes RNAV 2
to operate on US–RNAV
routes. Aircraft approved for
both P–RNAV and US–RNAV
require no further changes.
GPS RNAV Enroute navigation will transi- RNP 2
tion to RNP 2 over time.
GPS Oceanic RNP 4 oceanic/ remote conti- RNP 4
nental operations will require
CPDLC and ADS–C for appro-
val.
7 AOC TO BE CARRIED ON-BOARD

7.1 In accordance with ICAO Annex 6 Parts l, an aeroplane conducting an international com-
mercial air transport operation shall carry a certified true copy of the AOC and a copy of the asso-
ciated Operations Specifications relevant to the aeroplane type, issued in conjunction with the
Certificate.
7.2 This provision for aeroplanes is outlined in Annex 6 Part I, Chapter 6, para 6.1.2.
7.3 The provision for helicopters is outlined in Annex 6 Part III, Section II, Chapter 4, para 4.1.2.
AUSTRALIA
DIRECTION FINDING PROCEDURES
1 ICAO AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDS

AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES, ANNEX 10, VOLUME II
NOTE 1: Direction-finding stations work either singly or in groups of two or more stations under
the direction of a main direction-finding station.
NOTE 2: A direction-finding station working alone can only determine the direction of an aircraft in
relation to itself.
1.1 A direction-finding station working alone should give the following, as requested.
a. true bearing of the aircraft, using the signal QTE or appropriate phrase;
b. true heading to be steered by the aircraft with no wind, to head for the direction-finding sta-
tion using the signal QUJ or appropriate phrase;
c. magnetic bearing of the aircraft, using the signal QDR or appropriate phrase;
d. magnetic heading to be steered by the aircraft, with no wind, to make for the station, using
the signal QDM or appropriate phrase.
1.2 When direction-finding stations work as a network to determine the position of an aircraft,
the bearings taken by each station should be sent immediately to the station controlling the direc-
tion-finding network to enable the position of the aircraft to be determined.
1.2.1 The station controlling the network should, on request, give the aircraft its position in one
of the following ways:
a. position in relation to a point of reference or in latitude and longitude, using the signal QTF or
appropriate phrase;
b. true bearing of the aircraft in relation to the direction-finding station or other specified point,
using the signal QTE or appropriate phrase, and its distance from the direction-finding sta-
tion or point, using the signal QGE or appropriate phrase;
c. magnetic heading to steer with no wind, to make for the direction-finding station or other
specified point using the signal QDM or appropriate phrase, and its distance from the direc-
tion-finding station or point, using the signal QGE or appropriate phrase.
1.3 Aircraft stations shall normally make request for bearings, courses or positions, to the aero-
nautical station responsible, or to the station controlling the direction-finding network.
1.4 To request a bearing, heading or position, the aircraft station shall call the aeronautical sta-
tion or the direction-finding control station on the listening frequency. The aircraft shall then spec-
ify the type of service that is desired by the user of the appropriate phrase or Q signal.
1.5 As soon as the direction-finding station or group of stations is ready, the station originally
called by the aircraft station shall where necessary request transmission for direction-finding serv-
ice or send the appropriate Q signal, and, if necessary, indicate the frequency to be used by the
aircraft station, the number of times the transmission should be repeated, the duration of the
transmission required or any special transmission requirement.
1.5.1 In radiotelegraphy, the aircraft station shall, after changing if necessary, to the new trans-
mitting frequency, reply by sending its call sign, two dashes of about ten seconds of duration each
AUSTRALIA
and then repeating its call sign, unless some other period has been specified by the direction-find-
ing station.
1.5.2 In radiotelephony, an aircraft station which requests a bearing shall end the transmission
by repeating its call sign. If the transmission has been too short for the direction-finding station to
obtain a bearing, the aircraft shall give a longer transmission for two periods of approximately ten
seconds, or alternatively provide such other signals as may be requested by the direction-finding
station.
NOTE: Certain types of VHF/DF stations require the provision of a modulated signal (voice trans-
mission) in order to take a bearing.
1.6 When a direction-finding station is not satisfied with its observation, it shall request the air-
craft, station to repeat the transmission.
1.7 When a heading or bearing has been requested, the direction-finding station shall advise the
aircraft station in the following form:
a. the appropriate phrase or Q signal;
b. bearing or heading in degrees in relation to the direction-finding station, sent as three fig-
ures;
c. class of bearing (except in QDL procedure);
d. time of observation, if necessary (except in QDL procedure).
1.8 When a position has been requested, the direction-finding control station, after plotting all
simultaneous observations, shall determine the observed position of the aircraft and shall advise
the aircraft station in the following form:
a. the appropriate phrase or Q signal;
b. the position;
c. class of position;
d. time of observation.
1.9 As soon as the aircraft station has received the bearing, heading or position, it shall repeat
back the message for confirmation, or correction, except in QDL procedure.
1.10 When positions are given by bearing or heading and distance from a known point other
than the station making the report, the reference point shall be an airport, prominent town or geo-
graphic feature. An airport shall be given in preference to other places. When a large city or town
is used as a reference place, the bearing or heading, and the distance given shall be measured
from its center.
1.11 When the position is expressed in latitude and longitude, groups of figures for degrees and
minutes shall be used followed by the letter N or S for latitude and the letter E or W for longitude,
respectively. In radiotelephony the words NORTH, SOUTH, EAST or WEST shall be used.
1.12 According to the estimate by the direction-finding station of the accuracy of the observa-
tions, bearings and positions shall be classified as follows:
AUSTRALIA
a. Bearings:
Class A — Accurate within plus or minus 2 degrees.
Class B — Accurate within plus or minus 5 degrees.
Class C — Accurate within plus or minus 10 degrees.
Class D — Accuracy less than Class C.
b. Positions:
Class A — Accurate within 9.3 km (5 NM);
Class B — Accurate within 37 km (20 NM);
Class C — Accurate within 92 km (50 NM);
Class D — Accurate less than Class C.
1.13 Direction-finding stations shall have authority to refuse to give bearings, headings or posi-
tions when conditions are unsatisfactory or when bearings do not fall within the calibrated limits of
the station, stating the reason at the time of refusal.
1.14 An aircraft station requiring a series of bearings or headings, shall call the direction-finding
station concerned, on the appropriate frequency, and request the service by the signal QDL fol-
lowed by other appropriate Q signals, except that when the series has commenced, the call signs
of the stations may be omitted if no confusion is likely to arise.
NOTE: Certain MF and HF direction-finding stations are maintained for emergency and distress
use only. The use of these stations, the hours of service, the call sign, location and frequencies of
communication stations, and certain exceptions to the above procedure are shown in pertinent
publications.
AUSTRALIA
Aviation authorities do not issue NOTAM for broadcast stations. It is possible that the
information listed may be inaccurate. The station identification is the general location of
the reception area and is not necessarily the site of the transmitter. Coordinates shown
apply to position of transmitter. Note that the datum used is not WGS84 but Australian
Geodetic Datum 1966 (AGD66). CAUTION: A considerable number of stations relay broad-
casts.
STATION IDENT FREQ (KHZ) PSN LAT LONG POWER

AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY
Canberra 2CN 666 S35 13 09 E149 07 21 5k
Canberra 2RN 846 S35 13 09 E149 07 21 10k
Canberra 1008 S35 13 15 E149 06 58 300
Canberra 2CA 1053 S35 13 20 E149 08 53 5k
Canberra 1RPH 1125 S35 13 00 E149 07 00 2k
Canberra 2CC 1206 S35 13 09 E149 07 21 5k
Canberra 2PB 1440 S35 13 09 E149 07 21 2k
NEW SOUTH WALES
Albury 1296 S36 03 22 E146 57 48 540
Albury 2AY 1494 S36 03 22 E146 57 48 2k
Armidale 2RN 720 S30 29 51 E151 39 49 50
Armidale 2AD 1134 S30 32 48 E151 36 07 2k
Bathurst 2BS 1503 S33 22 22 E149 32 09 5k
Bega 2EC 765 S36 44 41 E149 56 16 4k
Bega 2BA 810 S36 42 47 E149 49 10 10k
Bourke 2WEB 585 S30 06 09 E145 58 51 5k
Bowral 2ST/T 1215 S34 29 35 E150 23 54 350
Broken Hill 2BH 567 S31 56 25 E141 26 36 500
Broken Hill 2NB 999 S31 55 48 E141 29 06 2k
Byrock 2BY 657 S30 39 04 E146 25 33 10k
Cobar 2DU/T 972 S31 31 01 E145 50 07 300
Coffs Harbour 2CS 639 S30 28 19 E153 01 53 5k
Cooma 2XL 918 S36 14 23 E149 08 56 2k
Cooma 2CP 1602 S36 13 45 E149 08 08 50
AUSTRALIA

Corowa 2CO 675 S35 57 26 E146 25 05 10k
Cumnock 2CR 549 S32 56 07 E148 42 37 50k
Deniliquin 2QN 1521 S35 37 37 E144 54 42 2k
Dubbo 2DU 1251 S32 16 21 E148 40 32 2k
Glen Innes 2GL 819 S29 47 31 E151 45 52 10k
Gosford 801 S33 19 44 E151 27 53 5k
Goulburn 2RN 1098 S34 44 50 E149 41 44 200
Goulburn 2GN 1368 S34 44 49 E149 41 45 2k
Grafton 2NR 738 S29 29 37 E153 06 51 50k
Grafton 2GF 1206 S29 40 01 E152 58 57 5k
Griffith 2RG 963 S34 19 48 E146 07 57 5k
Gunnedah 2MO 1080 S30 59 10 E150 12 41 2k
Inverell 2NZ 1188 S29 46 27 E151 13 30 2k
Kempsey 2MC 531 S31 06 29 E152 49 56 5k
Kempsey 2KP 684 S31 00 27 E152 56 50 10k
Lismore 2LM 900 S28 45 57 E153 21 31 5k
Lithgow 2LT 900 S33 24 23 E150 06 00 5k
Lithgow (City) 2LG 1395 S33 29 23 E150 09 35 200
Moree 2VM 1530 S29 29 08 E149 53 26 2k
Mudgee 2MG 1449 S32 34 59 E149 34 11 5k
Murwillumbah 2ML 720 S28 14 39 E153 30 37 400
Murwillumbah 2MW 972 S28 19 39 E153 30 29 5k
Muswellbrook 2NM 981 S32 17 42 E150 49 53 5k
Muswellbrook 2UH 1044 S32 14 10 E150 55 05 2k
Narooma 2EC 1584 S36 13 42 E150 08 18 200
Newcastle 2HD 1143 S32 51 55 E151 42 09 2k
Newcastle 2NC 1233 S32 48 03 E151 39 39 10k
Newcastle 1341 S32 53 28 E151 40 47 5k
Newcastle 2EA 1413 S32 51 25 E151 42 02 5k
Newcastle 2PB 1458 S32 48 03 E151 39 39 2k
AUSTRALIA

Newcastle 2RN 1512 S32 48 03 E151 39 39 10k
Nowra 2RN 603 S35 06 00 E150 33 20 10k
Nowra 2ST 999 S34 53 26 E150 32 01 5k
Orange 2GZ 1089 S33 27 42 E149 07 19 5k
Parkes/Forbes 2PK 1404 S33 10 03 E148 12 23 2k
Sydney 2RN 576 S33 56 38 E150 53 10 50k
Sydney 2PB 630 S33 56 38 E150 53 10 10k
Sydney 2BL 702 S33 56 37 E150 53 04 50k
Sydney 2GB 873 S33 49 29 E151 04 55 5k
Sydney 2UE 954 S33 51 15 E151 03 54 5k
Sydney 2KY 1017 S33 50 23 E151 03 40 5k
Sydney 2EA 1107 S33 50 29 E151 04 36 5k
Sydney 2CH 1170 S33 50 29 E151 04 36 5k
Sydney 2RPH 1224 S33 48 34 E150 54 50 5k
Sydney 2SM 1269 S33 50 01 E151 04 12 5k
Sydney 1539 S33 51 00 E151 05 01 1k
Tamworth 2NU 648 S30 46 59 E150 44 42 10k
Tamworth 2TM 1287 S31 10 02 E150 55 14 2k
Taree 2TR 756 S31 49 24 E152 24 54 2k
Taree 2RE 1557 S31 55 38 E152 27 52 2k
Wagga Wagga 2WG 1152 S35 02 38 E147 24 48 2k
Wilcannia 2RN 1485 S31 33 11 E143 22 48 100
Wilcannia 2WA 1584 S31 33 11 E143 22 48 100
Wollongong 1314 S34 31 06 E150 52 20 5k
Wollongong 2RN 1431 S34 31 51 E150 51 48 2k
Wollongong 2EA 1485 S34 31 09 E150 52 20 150
Wollongong 1575 S34 31 09 E150 52 20 5k
Young 2LF 1350 S34 20 41 E148 20 02 5k
VICTORIA
Albury/Wodonga 3RN 990 S36 06 00 E146 54 00 250
AUSTRALIA

Ballarat 3BT 1314 S37 32 30 E143 46 27 5k
Bendigo 945 S36 42 27 E144 13 14 2k
Colac 3CS 1134 S38 19 26 E143 32 06 5k
Geelong 1341 S38 10 30 E144 27 30 5k
Hamilton 3HA 981 S37 41 10 E142 01 06 2k
Horsham 3WV 594 S36 38 31 E142 15 15 50k
Horsham 3WM 1089 S36 44 43 E142 31 12 5k
Maryborough (VIC) 3CV 1071 S37 02 36 E143 48 56 5k
Melbourne 3RN 621 S37 43 19 E144 46 58 50k
Melbourne 3EE 693 S37 47 59 E144 36 53 5k
Melbourne 3LO 774 S37 43 19 E144 46 58 50k
Melbourne 3CR 855 S37 53 17 E144 42 10 2k
Melbourne 3UZ 927 S37 44 21 E145 06 05 5k
Melbourne 3PB 1026 S37 44 13 E145 05 36 5k
Melbourne 1116 S37 45 01 E145 06 49 5k
Melbourne 3RPH 1179 S37 44 35 E145 06 37 5k
Melbourne 3EA 1224 S37 37 13 E144 55 56 5k
Melbourne 3AW 1278 S37 44 47 E145 06 33 5k
Melbourne 3MP 1377 S37 56 05 E145 13 00 5k
Melbourne 1422 S37 49 04 E144 45 02 5k
Melbourne 3AK 1503 S37 44 47 E145 06 33 5k
Melbourne 1593 S37 38 14 E145 01 28 5k
Mildura/Sunraysia 1359 S34 11 55 E142 10 20 200
Mildura/Sunraysia 3MA 1467 S34 10 45 E142 07 15 2k
Omeo 3MT 720 S37 08 52 E147 39 23 2k
Sale 3GI 828 S38 11 23 E147 05 38 10k
Sale 3TR 1242 S38 03 46 E147 01 51 5k
Shepparton 3SR 1260 S36 22 51 E145 32 10 2k
Shepparton 1413 S36 22 51 E145 32 10 500
Swan Hill 3SH 1332 S35 34 40 E143 34 49 2k
AUSTRALIA

Wangaratta 3RN 756 S36 16 24 E146 18 35 10k
Wangaratta 3NE 1566 S36 18 58 E146 22 12 5k
Warragul 3GG 531 S38 06 21 E145 55 28 5k
Warrnambool 3YB 882 S38 20 13 E142 30 29 2k
Warrnambool 3WL 1602 S38 22 00 E142 30 00 250
QUEENSLAND
Atherton 4AM 558 S17 01 31 E145 28 38 5k
Atherton 4AT 720 S17 18 41 E145 33 17 4k
Biloela 4CC/T 666 S24 23 39 E150 29 19 2k
Brisbane 4QR 612 S27 18 47 E153 00 59 50k
Brisbane 4KQ 693 S27 22 56 E153 14 05 5k
Brisbane 4RN 792 S27 18 47 E153 00 59 25k
Brisbane 4BH 882 S27 27 55 E153 08 48 5k
Brisbane 4PB 936 S27 18 47 E153 00 59 10k
Brisbane 4TAB 1008 S27 22 56 E153 14 05 5k
Brisbane 4EB 1053 S27 31 00 E152 59 48 500
Brisbane 4BC 1116 S27 31 53 E152 57 56 5k
Brisbane 4RPH 1296 S27 27 55 E153 07 21 5k
Bundaberg 4BU 1332 S24 50 44 E152 24 15 5k
Cairns 4QY 801 S17 03 15 E145 46 39 2k
Cairns 4CA 846 S16 54 14 E145 49 08 5k
Charleville 4CH 603 S26 15 21 E146 18 07 10k
Charters Towers 4GC 828 S20 04 02 E146 17 18 1k
Cloncurry 4LM/T 693 S20 41 52 E140 29 55 500
Cunnamulla 4VL 918 S26 23 52 E146 13 05 2k
Cunnamulla 4VL/T 1584 S28 06 49 E145 41 30 200
Dalby 4QS 747 S27 08 47 E151 18 02 10k
Dysart 4HI/T 945 S22 34 23 E148 21 57 1k
Eidsvold 4QO 855 S25 24 34 E151 07 16 10k
Emerald 4HI 1143 S23 32 36 E148 11 57 5k
AUSTRALIA

Emerald 4QD 1548 S23 25 37 E148 08 57 50k
Gladstone 4CC 927 S23 51 37 E151 14 14 5k
Gladstone 4RO/T 1125 S23 51 40 E151 14 21 500
Gordonvale 4CA/T 954 S17 08 11 E145 51 18 350
Gympie 4GY 558 S26 10 21 E152 49 22 5k
Gympie 4GM 1566 S26 12 43 E152 41 16 200
Hughenden 4GC/T 765 S20 51 00 E144 10 30 500
Hughenden 4HU 1485 S20 50 43 E144 10 59 50
Innisfail 4KZ 531 S17 31 53 E146 03 08 5k
Innisfail 873 S17 31 53 E146 03 08 2k
Julia Creek 4JK 567 S20 30 09 E141 49 15 10k
Kingaroy 4SB 1071 S26 24 06 E151 49 33 2k
Longreach 4QL 540 S23 23 29 E144 16 26 10k
Longreach 4LG 1098 S23 23 42 E144 13 03 2k
Mackay 4MK 1026 S21 07 21 E149 12 31 5k
Maryborough (QLD) 4MB 1161 S25 27 48 E152 43 32 2k
Moranbah 4HI/T 1215 S22 00 13 E148 01 23 250
Mossman 4MS 639 S16 24 59 E145 23 14 1k
Mount Isa 4LM 666 S20 42 60 E139 30 38 2k
Oakey 4AK 1242 S27 27 36 E151 45 19 2k
Pialba 4QB 855 S25 16 29 E152 49 38 10k
Port Douglas 4AM/T 1422 S16 30 00 E145 27 01 1k
Rockhampton 4RK 837 S23 27 12 E150 27 21 10k
Rockhampton 4RO 990 S23 35 06 E150 50 39 5k
Rockhampton 4CC/T 1584 S23 21 11 E150 27 46 500
Roma/St George 4QW 711 S27 59 52 E148 40 26 10k
Roma/St George 4ZR 1476 S26 34 09 E148 49 02 2k
Toowoomba 4GR 864 S27 36 01 E151 54 39 2k
Toowoomba (City) 4WK 1359 S27 32 21 E151 56 54 250
Torres Strait 4TI 1062 S10 34 55 E142 12 25 2k
AUSTRALIA

Torres Strait 4MW 1260 S10 34 55 E142 12 25 2k
Townsville 4QN 630 S19 30 42 E147 20 21 50k
Townsville 4TOO 774 S19 19 11 E147 01 53 5k
Townsville 891 S19 18 19 E147 02 07 5k
Warwick 4WK 963 S28 01 27 E151 58 36 5k
Weipa 4WP 1044 S12 37 19 E141 53 20 500
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Adelaide 5UV 531 S34 50 08 E138 34 28 500
Adelaide 5RN 729 S35 06 19 E138 31 02 50k
Adelaide 5AN 891 S35 06 19 E138 31 02 50k
Adelaide 5PB 972 S34 50 17 E138 34 04 2k
Adelaide 5RPH 1197 S34 50 28 E138 35 35 2k
Adelaide 5DN 1323 S34 50 28 E138 35 35 2k
Adelaide 5AA 1395 S34 45 35 E138 36 26 5k
Adelaide 1539 S34 45 33 E138 36 28 10k
Leigh Creek S 5LC 1602 S30 36 03 E138 24 10 200
Mount Gambier 5SE 963 S37 47 51 E140 43 14 5k
Mount Gambier 5MG 1584 S37 49 33 E140 47 20 200
Murray Bridge 5MU 1125 S35 09 14 E139 12 50 5k
Naracoorte 5PA 1161 S36 56 28 E140 40 15 10k
Port Augusta 5AU 1242 S32 49 52 E137 56 04 2k
Port Lincoln 5CC 765 S34 14 23 E136 12 07 5k
Port Lincoln 5LN 1485 S34 43 51 E135 52 41 200
Port Pirie 5CK 639 S33 20 47 E138 15 09 10k
Port Pirie 5CS 1044 S33 19 40 E138 16 33 2k
Renmark/Loxton 5RM 801 S34 13 47 E140 38 30 2k
Renmark/Loxton 5MV 1062 S34 16 00 E140 37 18 2k
Renmark/Loxton 5RN 1305 S34 16 00 E140 37 18 2k
Renmark/Loxton 1557 S34 16 00 E140 37 18 500
Streaky Bay 5SY 693 S32 45 29 E134 11 19 2k
AUSTRALIA

Woomera 5WM 1584 S31 12 06 E136 49 33 50
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Albany 6AL 630 S35 00 43 E117 49 11 5k
Albany 6VA 783 S35 00 48 E117 50 50 2k
Bridgetown 6BY 900 S34 03 19 E116 10 35 2k
Bridgetown 6BR 1044 S33 55 20 E116 07 13 1k
Broome 6BE 675 S17 53 21 E122 15 42 5k
Bunbury 6EL 621 S33 20 31 E115 45 05 2k
Bunbury 6TZ 963 S33 20 31 E115 45 05 2k
Bunbury 1017 S33 20 31 E115 45 05 1k
Busselton 6BS 684 S33 39 40 E115 13 40 4k
Busselton 6RN 1224 S33 39 40 E115 13 40 5k
Busselton 1404 S33 39 40 E115 13 40 4k
Carnarvon 6LN 666 S24 52 26 E113 40 07 1k
Carnarvon 6CA 846 S24 52 26 E113 40 07 3k
Christmas Island 6ABCRN 1422 S10 26 00 E105 41 00 500
Collie 6TZ/T 1134 S33 22 15 E116 11 34 2k
Dalwallinu 6DL 531 S30 17 24 E116 36 29 10k
Dalwallinu 6RN 612 S30 17 24 E116 36 29 10k
Derby 6DB 873 S17 21 16 E123 40 06 2k
Esperance 6SE 747 S33 46 17 E121 52 29 5k
Esperance 6ED 837 S33 45 15 E121 51 31 1k
Exmouth 6LN/T 747 S21 57 33 E114 07 42 1k
Exmouth 6XM 1188 S22 57 33 E114 07 40 2k
Fitzroy Crossing 6FX 936 S18 19 56 E125 40 45 5k
Geraldton 6GN 828 S28 39 43 E114 42 18 10k
Geraldton 1008 S28 43 58 E114 37 21 2k
Kalgoorlie 6GF 648 S30 47 02 E121 24 10 2k
Kalgoorlie 6KG 981 S30 44 12 E121 29 56 2k
Kalgoorlie 1431 S30 44 12 E121 29 56 2k
AUSTRALIA

Karratha 6KP 702 S20 44 00 E116 50 00 10k
Karratha 6KA 1260 S20 43 39 E116 49 38 1k
Katanning 6WB 1071 S33 38 54 E117 29 54 2k
Kununurra 6WR 693 S15 45 55 E128 43 52 5k
Kununurra 6KW 819 S15 45 55 E128 43 52 5k
Mandurah 6MM 1116 S32 38 33 E115 48 06 2k
Mandurah 1449 S32 38 33 E115 48 06 2k
Manjimup 6MJ 738 S34 19 19 E116 08 37 5k
Manjimup 6RN 1152 S34 19 19 E116 08 37 10k
Margaret River 6TZ 756 S33 48 00 E115 07 02 2k
Merredin 6MD 1098 S31 30 13 E118 12 13 2k
Narrogin 6NA 918 S32 57 49 E117 12 58 2k
Narrogin 6NAN 1251 S32 57 49 E117 12 58 2k
Newman 6MN 567 S23 21 00 E119 43 23 100
Northham 6AM 864 S31 40 37 E116 36 35 2k
Northham 6NM 1215 S31 39 46 E116 40 49 500
Northham 1323 S31 40 30 E116 36 30 1k
Pannawonica 6PN 567 S21 39 47 E116 20 32 100
Paraburdoo 6PU 567 S23 13 04 E117 39 51 100
Paraburdoo 6KA/T 765 S23 13 04 E117 39 51 100
Perth 6PB 585 S31 51 21 E115 49 04 10k
Perth 6WF 720 S31 51 21 E115 49 04 50k
Perth 6RN 810 S31 51 21 E115 49 04 10k
Perth 6PR 882 S32 00 22 E115 50 38 2k
Perth 6NR 927 S32 00 49 E115 53 25 2k
Perth 6RPH 990 S32 00 22 E115 50 38 2k
Perth 6IX 1080 S31 56 11 E115 54 49 2k
Perth 6AR 1170 S32 01 55 E115 48 46 2k
Perth 1206 S31 56 11 E115 54 49 2k
Port Hedland 6PH 603 S20 24 02 E118 40 25 2k
AUSTRALIA

Port Hedland 6NW 1026 S20 22 47 E118 34 55 2k
Tom Price 6TP 567 S22 42 02 E117 46 24 100
Tom Price 6KA/T 765 S22 42 00 E117 45 00 100
Wagin 6WA 558 S33 20 18 E117 05 29 50k
Wagin 6RN 1296 S33 20 18 E117 05 29 10k
Wagin 1422 S33 20 30 E117 05 30 2k
Wyndham 6WH 1017 S15 29 45 E128 08 08 500
TASMANIA
Burnie 7BU 558 S40 57 48 E145 43 21 2k
Devonport 7AD 900 S41 09 51 E146 18 36 2k
Fingal 7FG 1161 S41 41 26 E147 52 28 1k
Hobart 7RN 585 S42 55 36 E147 29 51 10k
Hobart 7PB 729 S42 55 36 E147 29 51 2k
Hobart 7RPH 864 S42 57 03 E147 30 09 2k
Hobart 7ZR 936 S42 55 36 E147 29 51 10k
Hobart 1080 S42 56 21 E147 30 31 5k
Launceston 7EX 1008 S41 27 11 E147 12 51 5k
Launceston 7LA 1098 S41 22 52 E147 08 47 5k
Queenstown 7RN 630 S42 02 48 E145 31 40 400
Queenstown 7XS 837 S42 05 50 E145 32 43 500
Scottsdale 7SD 540 S41 06 41 E147 32 36 5k
St Helens 7SH 1584 S41 20 06 E148 17 10 100
NORTHERN TERRITORY
Alice Springs 8AL 783 S23 46 08 E133 52 15 2k
Alice Springs 8HA 900 S23 46 08 E133 52 15 2k
Darwin 8RN 657 S12 25 32 E130 50 55 2k
Darwin 1242 S12 25 32 E130 50 55 2k
Jabiru 8JB 747 S12 39 26 E132 50 54 200
Katherine 8RN 639 S14 23 52 E132 10 42 2k
Katherine 8HOT/T 765 S14 26 46 E132 16 22 500
AUSTRALIA

Nhulunbuy 8GO 990 S12 11 27 E136 47 31 500
Tennant Creek 8RN 684 S19 40 07 E134 13 22 1k
AUSTRALIA
This listing provides only those navaids (VOR, DME, TACAN, NDB) where range and/or
navaid limitations are applicable. Navaids are sequenced by their official names. City
names are included in parentheses when different than the navaid name. Distances are
nautical miles. Bearings and radials are from the navaid.
LOCATION
IDENT NAVAID LIMITATIONS
Albany, WA
ABA NDB Range: 100HJ/60HN, over water 200HJ/110HN.
Albury, NSW
AY NDB Range: 65
Alice Springs, NT
AS NDB Range: 110HJ/90HN
Amberley, QLD
AMB NDB Range: 180HJ/85HN
Andamooka, SA
AMK NDB Range: 45
Archerfield (Brisbane), QLD
AF NDB Range: 30, excessive bearing fluctuations between 180° -
200°.
Armidale, NSW
ARM NDB Range: 35
Ayers Rock, NT
AYE NDB Range: 100
Bagot (Darwin), NT
BGT NDB Range: 50
Bairnsdale, VIC
BNS NDB Range: 35
Balgo Hill, WA
BGO NDB Range: 70
Ballarat, VIC
BLT NDB Range: 30
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Ballidu, WA
BIU NDB Range: 70
Ballina, NSW
BNA NDB Range: 25; Not suitable for navigation in sector 300° - 340°.
Bankstown (Sydney), NSW
BK NDB Range: 40
Barcaldine, QLD
BAR NDB Range: 40
Barrow Island, WA
BWX NDB Range: 75
Bathurst, NSW
BTH NDB Range: 30
Bendigo, VIC
BDG NDB Range: 60
Bindook, NSW
BIK NDB Range: 50, reduced to 20 below FL120 in sectors 300° - 020°
and 080° - 130°.
Birdsville, QLD
BDV NDB Range: 40
Blackall, QLD
BCK NDB Range: 40
Bolinda (Melbourne), VIC
BOL NDB Range: 40HJ/30HN
Bordertown, SA
BOR NDB Range: 100HJ/75HN
Borroloola, NT
BRL NDB Range: 100
Boulia, QLD
BOU NDB Range: 75
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Bourke, NSW
BKE NDB Range: 45
Bowen, QLD
BWN NDB Range: 35
Brewarrina, NSW
BRW NDB Range: 55
Broken Hill, NSW
BHI NDB Range: 150HJ/85HN
BHI VOR Scalloping may occur on final Rwy 05.
Bromelton, QLD
BML NDB Range: 50
Broome, WA
BRM NDB Range: 60, over water 110.
Brymaroo (Oakey), QLD
BMR NDB Range: 15
Bundaberg, QLD
BUD NDB Range: 65HJ/60HN
Burketown, QLD
BKT NDB Range: 70
Busselton, WA
BLN NDB Range: 50
Cairns, QLD
CS NDB Range: 50, over water 160HJ/110HN.
Calga, NSW
CAA NDB Range: 15, excessive bearing fluctuations in sector 170° -
030°.
Camden, NSW
CN NDB Range: 35, reduced to 15 in sector 270° - 310°.
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Camooweal, QLD
CMW NDB Range: 80HJ/65HN
Canberra, ACT
CB NDB Range: 40
CB VOR Due terrain shielding below 6000' beyond 30 NM particularly
between 015° - 125°.
Carnarvon, WA
CAR NDB Range: 120HJ/85HN
Caversham (Perth), WA
CVM NDB Range: 40
Ceduna, SA
CDU NDB Range: 110HJ/85HN, over water 230HJ/110HN.
Century Mine, QLD
CNY NDB Range: 20
Charleville, QLD
CV NDB Range: 110HJ/85HN
Church Creek (Canberra), ACT
CCK NDB Range: 20
Clackline (Perth), WA
CKL NDB Range: 40
Clermont, QLD
CMT NDB Range: 35
Cloncurry, QLD
CCY NDB Range: 75
Cobar, NSW
CBA NDB Range: 45
Cocos I, WA
CC NDB Range: 200HJ/150HN
CIL NDB Range: 15
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Coen, QLD
COE NDB Range: 32
Coffs Harbour, NSW
CFS NDB Range: 75HJ/60HN, over water 210HJ/110HN.
Condobolin, NSW
CDO NDB Range: 40
Coober Pedy, SA
CBP NDB Range: 50
Cooktown, QLD
CKN NDB Range: 40, over water 100.
Cooma, NSW
COM NDB Range: 80HJ/70HN
Coonabarabran, NSW
CBB NDB Range: 45
Coonamble, NSW
CNM NDB Range: 35
Cootamundra, NSW
CTM NDB Range: 35
Corowa, NSW
COR NDB Range: 85HJ/75HN
Corryong, VIC
CRG NDB Range: 55. Not available for navigation below FL110.
Cowes, VIC
CWS NDB Range: 110HJ/85HN, over water 140HJ/110HN.
Cowra, NSW
CWR NDB Range: 110HJ/70HN
CWR VOR Scalloping may be experienced within 245° and 256° radials.
Cunderdin, WA
CUN NDB Range: 140HJ/85HN
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Cunnamulla, QLD
CMU NDB Range: 90HJ/80HN
Curtin, WA
CIN NDB Range: 90HJ/75HN
TACAN Portable facility activated as required by military authorities.
Ident, channel assignment and activation by NOTAM.
Darwin, NT
DN NDB Range: 85HJ/85HN, over water 110HJ/110HN.
Deniliquin, NSW
DLQ NDB Range: 55
Derby, WA
DBY NDB Range: 50
Devonport, TAS
DPO NDB Range: 50, over water 130HJ/105HN.
DPO VOR Radial 207° not to be used. Radial 346° not to be used below
10,000' outside 30 NM.
Dubbo, NSW
DU NDB Range: 90HJ/70HN
Dysart, QLD
DYS NDB Range: 80
East Sale, VIC
ESL NDB Range: 140HJ/90HN
IES DME Not to be used for enroute navigation
Echuca, VIC
ECH NDB Range: 30
Edinburgh, SA
EDN NDB Range: 125HJ/85HN
Emerald, QLD
EML NDB Range: 60
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Esperance, WA
ESP NDB Range: 120HJ/110HN
Essendon (Melbourne), VIC
EN NDB Range: 60
Fitzroy Crossing, WA
FTZ NDB Range: 55
Flinders I, TAS
FLI NDB Range: 85
Forbes, NSW
FBS NDB Range: 60
Forrest, WA
FRT NDB Range: 90HJ/75HN
Gayndah, QLD
GAY NDB Range: 60
Georgetown, QLD
GTN NDB Range: 30
Geraldton, WA
GEL NDB Range: 100HJ/80HN
Gibb River, WA
GIB NDB Range: 30
Gibraltar, NSW
GBA NDB Range: 35
Giles, WA
GLS NDB Range: 120HJ/80HN
Gingin, WA
GIG NDB Range: 200HJ/75HN
Glenfield (Sydney), NSW
GLF NDB Range: 75HJ/50HN, over water 200HJ/110HN.
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Glen Innes, NSW
GLI NDB Range: 30
Gold Coast, QLD
CG NDB Range: 60
Goondiwindi, QLD
GDI NDB Range: 50
Goulburn, NSW
GLB NDB Range: 40
Gove, NT
GV NDB Range: 65, over water 110.
Grafton, NSW
GFN NDB Range: 20
Griffith, NSW
GTH NDB Range: 150HJ/90HN
Groote Eylandt, NT
GTE NDB Range: 90, reduced to 50 in sector 090° - 170°.
Gunnedah, NSW
GDH NDB Range: 35
Halls Creek, WA
HLC NDB Range: 50
Hamilton, VIC
HML NDB Range: 45
Hamilton I, QLD
HM NDB Range: 40, excessive needle fluctuation may occur between
5-10 NM on Hamilton I to Proserpine track.
HM VOR Scalloping and bending possible at LSALT.
Hay, NSW
HAY NDB Range: 40
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Hervey Bay, QLD
HBA NDB Range: 30
Hobart, TAS
HB NDB Range: 45
HB VOR Coverage reduced by terrain shielding in all sectors.
Holbrook, NSW
HBK NDB Range: 100HJ/70HN, 55 in sector 045° - 115°.
Hooker Creek, NT
HOO NDB Range: 50
Horn I, QLD
HID NDB Range: 50, over water 100.
Horsham, VIC
HSM NDB Range: 50
Howard Springs (Darwin), NT
HWS NDB Range: 30
Hughenden, QLD
HUG NDB Range: 110HJ/70HN
Innisfail, QLD
IFL NDB Range: 25, over water 50.
Inverell, NSW
IVL NDB Range: 40
Jandakot (Perth), WA
JT NDB Range: 30
Jervois, NT
JVS NDB Range: 40
Julia Creek, QLD
JLC NDB Range: 40
Kalgoorlie, WA
KG NDB Range: 140HJ/80HN
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Karratha, WA
KA NDB Range: 70
Katoomba, NSW
KAT NDB Range: 40. Large bearing fluctuations may occur and range
reduced to 15 NM in minor arc 170° - 200°.
Kempsey, NSW
KMP NDB Range: 20, excessive needle fluctuations can be expected in
the sector 210° - 360°.
Kilcoy, QLD
KCY NDB Range: 35
Kingaroy, QLD
KRY NDB Range: 40
King I, TAS
KII NDB Range: 130HJ/110HN
Kingscote, SA
KSC NDB Range: 35, over water 60.
Kowanayama, QLD
KOW NDB Range: 60, over water 120HJ/110HN.
Kununurra, WA
KU NDB Range: 30
Lake Albert, SA
LRT NDB Range: 85HJ/75HN, 110 over water.
Latrobe Valley, VIC
LTV NDB Range: 30, reduced to 15 NM in segments 120° - 190° and
300° - 010°.
Launceston, TAS
LT NDB Range: 75HJ/60HN, over water 150HJ/110HN.
LT VOR Radial 010° unreliable outside 30 NM at LSALT.
Laverton, WA
LTN NDB Range: 45
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Learmonth, WA
LM NDB Range: 90HJ/50HN
LMO TACAN Portable facility deployed as required by military authorities.
Channel assignment and activation by NOTAM.
Leigh Creek, SA
LEC NDB Range: 150HJ/85HN
Leinster, WA
LST NDB Range: 70
Leonora, WA
LEO NDB Range: 80HJ/70HN
Lismore, NSW
LIS NDB Range: 25, not to be used in sector 330° to 020°.
Lockhart River, QLD
LHR NDB Range 30, over water 40. Fluctuation of ±30° can be expec-
ted at 8 NM in sector 300° - 325°.
Longreach, QLD
LRE NDB Range 120HJ/85HN
Lord Howe I, NSW
LHI NDB Range: over water 140HJ/110HN.
Mackay, QLD
MK NDB Range: 75
Mallacoota, VIC
MCO NDB Range: 40, over water 170HJ/110HN.
Mangalore, VIC
MNG NDB Range: 70HJ/65HN
Maningrida, NT
MGD NDB Range: 45 (35 to West).
Manjimup, WA
MJM NDB Range: 35
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Mansfield, VIC
MFD NDB Range: 45
Maryborough, QLD
MYB NDB Range: 60HJ/40HN
McAurthur River Mine
MHU NDB Range: 50
Meekatharra, WA
MEK NDB Range: 120HJ/80HN
Melbourne, VIC
ML VOR Scalloping may occur beyond 50 NM in sectors 270° - 290°.
Merimbula, NSW
MER NDB Range: 20, over water 50.
Mildura, VIC
MIA NDB Range: 100HJ/85HN
Minnipa, SA
MPA NDB Range: 40
Modbury (Adelaide), SA
MBY NDB Range: 70
Moomba, SA
OOM NDB Range: 75
Moorabbin (Melbourne), VIC
MB NDB Range: 65, 40 to East. Excessive needle fluctuation within 5
NM of Melbourne Central Business district.
Moranbah, QLD
MRB NDB Range: 60
Morawa, WA
MRW NDB Range: 50
Moree, NSW
MOR NDB Range: 45
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Mornington I, QLD
MTI NDB Range: 100
Moruya, NSW
MRY NDB Range: 25
Mt Gambier, SA
MTG NDB Range: 75, 50 in sector 110° - 140°.
Mt Hope, SA
MTP NDB Range: 80HJ/75HN, over water 170HJ/110HN.
Mt Isa, QLD
MA NDB Range: 100HJ/60HN
TACAN Portable facility, deployed as required by military authorities.
Ident code, channel assignment and activation by NOTAM.
Mt Keith, WA
MNE NDB Range: 50
Mt Livingstone, VIC
LVG NDB Range: 40, enroute aid only FL300 and above.
Mt Magnet, WA
MOG NDB Range: 85
Mt McQuoid, NSW
MQD NDB Range: 25, excessive bearing fluctuations may be experi-
enced below 6000'.
Mt Sandon, NSW
MSO NDB Range: 70HJ/60HN, reduced to 55 to the South. For enroute
navigation only at FL240 and above.
Mudgee, NSW
MDG NDB Range: 35
MDG VOR Not to be used for navigation beyond 20 NM below 10,000'
AMSL.
Naracoorte, SA
NRC NDB Range: 40
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Narembeen, WA
NRB NDB Range: 100HJ/80HN
Narrabri, NSW
NBR NDB Range: 50
Narrandera, NSW
NAR NDB Range: 140HJ/80HN
Narromine, NSW
NRM NDB Range: 30
Newman, WA
NWN NDB Range: 85
Ngukurr, NT
NGU NDB Range: 100HJ/80HN
Nhill, VIC
NHL NDB Range: 85HJ/70HN
Nile (Launceston), TAS
NIE NDB Range: 20, possible excessive bearing fluctuation in minor
arc of 340° - 090°
Norfolk I, TAS
NF NDB Range: over water 300HJ/120HN
Normanton, QLD
NTN NDB Range: 130HJ/85HN, over water 180
Norseman, WA
NSM NDB Range: 170HJ/80HN
Nowra, NSW
NWA NDB Range: 30, unreliable at MSA in sector 180° thru North to
030° beyond 10 NM.
Nyngan, NSW
NYN NDB Range: 40
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Oakey, QLD
OK NDB Range: 70HJ/65HN, 50 NM in minor arc 330° to 100°
Oodnadatta, SA
OOD NDB Range: 160HJ/85HN
Orange, NSW
ORG NDB Range: 45
Paraburdoo, WA
PBO NDB Range: 80HJ/70HN
Parafield (Adelaide), SA
PF NDB Range: 35, excessive needle bearing fluctuations may occur
in minor arc 050°-150°
Parkerville (Perth), WA
PRL NDB Range: 60HJ/50HN
Parkes, NSW
PKS NDB Range: 70
Pearce, WA
PEA NDB Range : 200HJ/85HN
PEA TACAN Reception unreliable between 020° - 150° below 12,000' due
terrain shielding and signal reflections. Range and bearing
unlocks 325° - 350° at 35 NM and at 45 NM between 3000' -
4000'. Limited due bearing oscillations of up to ±6° between
35 NM and 45 NM at 2600' on 190° radial.
Pingelly, WA
PIY NDB Range: 120HJ/110HN
Plenty (Melbourne), VIC
PLE NDB Range: 36
Point Cook, VIC
PCK NDB Range: 25
Point Lookout, NSW
PLO NDB Range: 40
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Port Augusta, SA
PAG NDB Range: 40
Port Hedland, WA
PD NDB Range: 100HJ/75HN, over water 140HJ/110HN.
Port Lincoln, SA
PLC NDB Range: 70, over water 85.
Port Macquarie, NSW
PMQ NDB Range 35, over water 70.
Portland, VIC
POD NDB Range: 45, reduced to 35 in sector 300° - 330°.
Proserpine/Whitsunday Coast, QLD
PN NDB Range: 40
PN VOR Unreliable between 260° to 270° radials.
Quirindi, NSW
QDI NDB Range: 40
Renmark, SA
REN NDB Range: 35
Richmond, NSW
RIC NDB Range: 100HJ/75HN; Restricted within the sector 210° thru
North to 050° below 5000' beyond 10 NM due to possible ex-
cessive bearing fluctuations.
RIC TACAN Terrain shielding below 4000' beyond 25 NM and below 7500'
beyond 40 NM in the sector 260° - 355°.
Richmond, QLD
RMD NDB Range: 40
Rockhampton, QLD
RK NDB Range: 65
Roma, QLD
ROM NDB Range: 90HJ/70HN
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Rottnest I, WA
RTI NDB Range: 30, over water 50.
Rugby, NSW
RUG NDB Range: 50
St George, QLD
SGE NDB Range: 40
St Helens, TAS
STH NDB Range: 25, over water 35.
Scherger, QLD
SGR TACAN Portable facility deployed as required by military authorities.
Ident, channel assignment and activation by NOTAM.
Scone, NSW
SCO NDB Range: 40
Shepparton, VIC
SHT NDB Range: 30
Simpsons Gap (Alice Springs), NT
SPG NDB Range: 35
Singleton, NSW
SGT NDB Range: 60, possible excessive needle fluctuations between
20 and 40 NM above mountains.
Smithton, TAS
SMI NDB Range: 50, reduced to 30 in sector 110° - 160°. Over water
110.
Southern Cross, WA
SCR NDB Range: 80
Stonefield, SA
SFL NDB Range: 95HJ/85HN
Strahan, TAS
SRN NDB Range: 25HJ/20HN
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Strathbogie, VIC
SBG NDB Range: 35
Sunshine Coast, QLD
SU NDB Range: 50
SU VOR Coverage reduced in minor arc 169° - 340° due to terrain
shielding. Radial 169° not to be used outside 40 NM. DME ar-
rival is not available on SU VOR 340°. Bending and scallop-
ing on 224° radial at low altitudes.
Swan Hill, VIC
SWH NDB Range: 45
Tailem Bend, SA
TBD NDB Range: 65
Tamworth, NSW
TW NDB Range: 50
Taree, NSW
TRE NDB Range: 70, over water 100.
Taroom, QLD
TAM NDB Range: 80
Tea Tree (Hobart), TAS
TTR NDB Range: 15
Telfer, WA
TEF NDB Range: 50
Temple Bar (Alice Springs), NT
TPB NDB Range: 35
Tennant Creek, NT
TNK NDB Range: 100HJ/60HN
Thangool, QLD
TNG NDB Range: 50
Thargomindah, QLD
TGM NDB Range: 40
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
The Granites, NT
TGT NDB Range: 20
The Monument, QLD
TMO NDB Range: 20
Tibooburra, NSW
TIB NDB Range: 50
Tindal, NT
TN NDB Range: 90HJ/85HN
Toowoomba, QLD
TWB NDB Range: 25, reduced coverage and bearing fluctuations may
be experienced in the minor arc 020° - 150° from the NDB.
Townsville, QLD
TVL NDB Range: 150HJ/75HN, over water 170HJ/110HN. Possible
bearing fluctuations between 070° and 270° below 11,000'
AMSL.
TVL TACAN Terrain shielding between 140° radial to 160° radial beyond
25 NM at MSA. Not paired with TVL VOR/DME and therefore
not to be used with: SIDs, ILS/DME, LOC/DME, or VOR/DME
approaches.
Troughton I, Wa
TTX NDB Range: 45
Truscott, WA
TST NDB Range: 30, over water 45.
Victoria River Downs, NT
VRD NDB Range: 85
Wagga Wagga, NSW
WG NDB Range: 80
Walgett, NSW
WLG NDB Range: 50
Wallaby (Alice Springs), NT
WAY NDB Range: 35
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Wangaratta, VIC
WGT NDB Range: 30
Warburton Range, WA
WBR NDB Range: 90
Warracknabeal, VIC
WKB NDB Range: 50
Warrnambool, VIC
WBL NDB Range: 45
Wee Jasper, NSW
WJS NDB Range: 40 (25 to East).
Weipa, QLD
WP NDB Range: 40, over water 140HJ/90HN.
WP VOR Bearing fluctuations ±4° may occur on 089° radial beyond 40
NM.
West Maitland, NSW
WMD NDB Range: 65
West Wyalong, NSW
WWL NDB Range: 50
Whyalla, SA
WHA NDB Range: 75
Williamsdale, NSW
WLE NDB Range: 45
Williamtown, NSW
WLM NDB Range: 100
WLM TACAN Bearing unlock may occur on final approach inside FAF both
runways.
Wiluna, WA
WLU NDB Range: 100HJ/80HN
AUSTRALIA
LOCATION
Windorah, QLD
WDH NDB Range: 40
Winton, QLD
WTN NDB Range: 65
Wollongong, NSW
WOL NDB Range: 50 (40 to Southwest)
Wonthaggi, VIC
WON NDB Range: 70HJ/65HN, over water 110.
WON VOR Available only for enroute navigation above 4000' between
305° - 030° and 110° - 190°, and above 8000' between 031° -
109° and 191° - 304°.
Woomera, SA
WR NDB Range: 125HJ/85HN
Wyndham, WA
WYM NDB Range: 60
Wynyard, TAS
WYY NDB Range: 65HJ/60HN, over water 160HJ/110HN.
Yarrowee, VIC
YWE NDB Range: 40
Yass, NSW
YAS NDB Range: 75HJ/70HN
Young, NSW
YNG NDB Range: 20
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Australian Capital Territory
Canberra CB 116.7 V D U A S35 16.9 E149 11.7 E012 1910
Canberra CB 263.0 H M S35 17.7 E149 12.4 E012
Canberra ICB 109.5 LOC RWY 35 E012

OM S35 22.7 E149 11.7
New South Wales

Aeropelican PEC 203.0 H W S33 04.0 E151 38.9 E012 45
Albury AY 115.6 V D U S36 04.1 E146 58.0 E012 550
Albury AY 236.0 H W S36 04.1 E146 58.2 E012
Armidale ARM 112.6 D U S30 31.7 E151 36.9 3552
Armidale ARM 401.0 H W S30 31.6 E151 36.9 E012 3631
Ballina BNA 206.0 H W S28 50.1 E153 33.7 E012
Bankstown (Sydney) BK 416.0 H W S33 55.7 E150 59.3 E013 21
Bathurst BTH 383.0 H W S33 24.8 E149 39.4 E012 2545
Bindook BIK 116.8 V D U W S34 10.7 E150 06.4 E012 3041
Bindook BIK 206.0 H S34 10.7 E150 06.7 E012
Bourke BKE 389.0 H W S30 02.6 E145 57.0 E010 418
Brewarrina BRW 281.0 H W S29 58.5 E146 48.7 E010
Broken Hill BHI 114.2 V D U S32 00.0 E141 28.8 E008 968
Broken Hill BHI 332.0 H W S31 59.5 E141 28.1 E008 1193
Calga CAA 392.0 H M W S33 24.2 E151 12.7 E011
Camden CN 281.0 H W S34 02.3 E150 41.5 E012 324
Church Creek (Can- CCK 248.0 H L W S35 27.8 E149 11.7 E012
berra)
Cobar CBA 395.0 H W S31 32.4 E145 47.9 E010 794
Coffs Harbour CFS 117.0 V D U S30 19.2 E153 07.3 E012 28
Coffs Harbour CFS 311.0 H W S30 18.7 E153 07.0 E012 82
Condobolin CDO 401.0 H W S33 04.2 E147 12.9 E011 701
Cooma COM 114.0 D U S36 21.3 E148 57.5 3117
Cooma COM 293.0 H W S36 21.2 E148 57.5 E012
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Coonabarabran CBB 200.0 H M W S31 19.8 E149 16.2 E010 2180
Coonamble CNM 206.0 H W S30 58.5 E148 22.8 E010 664
Cootamundra CTM 404.0 H W S34 37.6 E148 01.8 E012 1170
Corowa COR 380.0 H W S35 59.2 E146 21.4 E012 534
Cowra CWR 112.4 V U W S33 50.9 E148 38.7 E012 950
Cowra CWR 299.0 H W S33 50.7 E148 39.2 E012 1056
Deniliquin DLQ 392.0 H W S35 33.1 E144 57.1 E011
Dubbo DU 114.4 V D U A S32 13.2 E148 34.7 E011 945
Dubbo DU 251.0 H W S32 13.1 E148 33.5 E011
Forbes FBS 486.0 H S33 21.9 E147 55.7 E011
Gibraltar GBA 245.0 H W S29 35.8 E152 10.7 E012
Glen Innes GLI 212.0 H M W S29 40.3 E151 41.7 E011 3492
Glenfield (Sydney) GLF 428.0 H W S33 59.2 E150 58.6 E012
Gold Coast CG 112.3 V D U W S28 10.1 E153 30.2 E012 33
Gold Coast CG 278.0 H W S28 09.9 E153 30.1 E012 118
Goulburn GLB 407.0 H W S34 48.4 E149 44.2 E012 2180
Grafton GFN 389.0 H M W S29 45.6 E153 01.6 E012 175
Griffith GTH 114.8 V D U W S34 15.0 E146 03.9 E011 439
Griffith GTH 305.0 H M W S34 16.6 E146 03.4 E011 439
Gunnedah GDH 407.0 H W S30 57.2 E150 14.9 E011 930
Hay HAY 215.0 H W S34 32.5 E144 50.0 E011 305
Holbrook HBK 323.0 H W S35 37.5 E147 28.0 E011
Inverell IVL 260.0 H W S29 53.1 E151 08.4 E011 2680
Katoomba KAT 233.0 H W S33 42.6 E150 18.0 E011
Kempsey KMP 230.0 H S31 03.5 E152 47.4 E012
Lismore LIS 239.0 H W S28 49.4 E153 15.4 E011 105
Lord Howe LHI 114.3 D U S31 31.7 E159 04.4 43
Lord Howe LHI 272.0 H W S31 31.7 E159 04.4 E014 192
Merimbula MER 117.7 D U S36 54.9 E149 54.0 90
Merimbula MER 395.0 H M W S36 54.9 E149 54.0 E013 75
Moree MOR 392.0 H M W S29 29.8 E149 51.1 E011 777
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Moruya MRY 215.0 H W S35 53.9 E150 08.6 E013 85
Mount McQuoid MQD 404.0 H M W S33 06.7 E151 08.4 E012
Mount Sandon MSO 326.0 H W S31 23.2 E151 24.7 E011
Mudgee MDG 112.2 V H S32 33.7 E149 35.6 E012 1530
Mudgee MDG 398.0 H W S32 33.9 E149 37.0 E012 1603
Narrabri NBR 413.0 H M W S30 19.2 E149 49.9 E011 830
Narrandera NAR 116.3 V D U W S34 42.1 E146 31.0 E011 483
Narrandera NAR 329.0 H W S34 42.4 E146 30.8 E011 540
Narromine NRM 215.0 H W S32 13.4 E148 13.8 E011 856
Nowra NWA 116.4 T H S34 57.0 E150 32.0 E013 356
Nowra NWA 359.0 H W S34 57.1 E150 31.8 E013
Nyngan NYN 404.0 H W S31 33.1 E147 11.7 E011 638
Orange ORG 424.0 H W S33 23.0 E149 07.5 E012 3184
Parkes PKS 112.0 V D U W S33 07.9 E148 14.2 E011 1070
Parkes PKS 242.0 H W S33 08.7 E148 15.2 E011 1472
Point Lookout PLO 116.2 V U W S30 29.6 E152 21.6 E012
Point Lookout PLO 296.0 H W S30 28.9 E152 23.8 E012
Port Macquarie PMQ 395.0 H W S31 26.1 E152 52.0 E012 84
Quirindi QDI 386.0 H W S31 29.6 E150 31.4 E012 1105
Richmond RIC 110.7 T H S33 36.4 E150 47.9 E012 200
Richmond RIC 347.0 H A S33 35.8 E150 46.6 E012
Rugby RUG 257.0 H W S34 23.2 E148 58.5 E012
Scone SCO 209.0 H W S32 02.1 E150 49.9 E011 799
Singleton SGT 290.0 H W S32 33.1 E151 15.5 E012
Sydney SY 112.1 V D U S33 56.6 E151 10.8 E013 37
Tamworth TW 116.0 V D U S31 04.0 E150 49.8 E012 1344
Tamworth TW 341.0 H W S31 04.3 E150 49.9 E012 1425
Taree TRE 371.0 H W S31 53.4 E152 30.6 E012 128
Tibooburra TIB 200.0 H W S29 26.8 E142 03.5 E009 620
Wagga Wagga WG 115.0 V D U W S35 09.9 E147 28.1 E012 771
Wagga Wagga WG 221.0 H W S35 09.8 E147 27.3 E012
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Walgett WLG 117.6 V U W S30 01.7 E148 07.7 E010
Walgett WLG 374.0 H W S30 01.6 E148 07.4 E010 509
Wee Jasper WJS 117.9 V U S35 15.6 E148 40.1 E012
Wee Jasper WJS 374.0 H W S35 15.4 E148 39.6 E012
West Maitland WMD 114.6 V U W S32 45.3 E151 31.9 E012
West Maitland WMD 224.0 H W S32 45.3 E151 32.0 E012
West Wyalong WWL 389.0 H W S33 56.1 E147 11.4 E011 933
Williamsdale WLE 287.0 H W S35 33.7 E149 10.7 E013
Williamtown (Newcastle) WLM 113.3 T H S32 47.8 E151 50.0 E013 31
Williamtown (Newcastle) WLM 365.0 H W S32 48.2 E151 49.7 E013 31
Wollongong WOL 239.0 H W S34 33.5 E150 47.5 E013 85
Yass YAS 335.0 H W S34 49.7 E149 02.5 E012
Young YNG 269.0 H W S34 15.0 E148 14.8 E012
Nowra (Nowra Military) INA 108.5 LOC RWY 21 E013

OM S34 51.9 E150 38.1
Richmond (Richmond IRI 110.7 LOC RWY 28 E012
(Military))
OM S33 37.9 E150 53.1
Sydney (Kingsford Smith ISY 109.9 LOC RWY 07 E013
Intl)
OM S33 57.7 E151 05.3
OM S33 52.0 E151 09.3
ISW 109.7 LOC RWY 25 E013
ISN 110.1 LOC RWY 34L E013
OM S34 01.6 E151 11.8
IKN 109.3 LOC RWY 34R E013
Tamworth ITW 109.9 LOC RWY 30R E012
OM S31 08.7 E150 55.8
Wagga Wagga IWG 111.1 LOC RWY 23 E012
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Williamtown (William- IWM 110.5 LOC RWY 12 E013
town Military)
OM S32 43.9 E151 44.7
Northern Territory
Alice Springs AS 115.9 V D U S23 47.6 E133 52.7 E005 1857
Alice Springs AS 335.0 H W S23 46.7 E133 52.4 E005
Ayers Rock AYE 117.1 D U S25 10.3 E130 58.5 1636
Ayers Rock AYE 233.0 H S25 10.4 E130 58.5 E005 1755
Bagot (Darwin) BGT 308.0 H L S12 24.4 E130 51.4 E003
Borroloola BRL 218.0 H S16 04.6 E136 18.3 E005
Darwin DAR 113.7 T U S12 24.8 E130 53.0 E003 157
Darwin DN 112.6 V D U S12 25.4 E130 54.4 E003 127
Darwin DN 344.0 H S12 25.9 E130 57.7 E004 264
Gove GV 114.1 V D U S12 15.9 E136 49.0 E005 189
Gove GV 380.0 H W S12 16.2 E136 49.5 E005 236
Groote Eylandt GTE 114.8 D U S13 58.5 E136 27.3 63
Groote Eylandt GTE 407.0 H M W S13 58.5 E136 27.3 E005 96
Hooker Creek HOO 398.0 H W S18 19.9 E130 38.2 E004 1125
Howard Springs (Darwin) HWS 257.0 H L S12 28.1 E131 02.6 E004
Jervois JVS 203.0 H M W S22 57.0 E136 08.7 E006
Maningrida MGD 401.0 H W S12 03.8 E134 13.9 E004
McArthur River Mine MHU 368.0 H S16 26.8 E136 04.7 E005
Ngukurr NGU 233.0 H W S14 43.5 E134 44.3 E004 185
Simpsons Gap SPG 362.0 H L W S23 43.3 E133 44.7 E005
Temple Bar (Alice TPB 352.0 H L W S23 44.7 E133 47.3 E005
Springs)
Tennant Creek TNK 112.9 V D U W S19 38.1 E134 10.9 E005 1246
Tennant Creek TNK 272.0 H W S19 38.7 E134 10.5 E005 1296
The Granites TGT 282.0 H W S20 33.2 E130 20.0 E004 1395
Tindal (Katherine) TDL 112.3 T U S14 31.4 E132 22.4 E004 443
Tindal (Katherine) TN 112.3 V U S14 31.2 E132 22.3 E004 430
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Tindal (Katherine) TN 356.0 H W S14 30.9 E132 21.6 E004 498
Victoria River Downs VRD 377.0 H W S16 24.3 E131 00.4 E004 359
Wallaby (Alice Springs) WAY 372.0 H L S23 52.5 E134 01.8 E005
Wave Hill WAV 203.0 H W S17 23.6 E131 07.3 E004 727
Alice Springs IAS 109.9 LOC RWY 12 E005

OM S23 46.0 E133 49.8
Darwin (Darwin Intl) IDN 109.7 LOC RWY 29 E003
OM S12 26.4 E130 57.3
Tindal (Tindal (Military)) ITN 110.7 LOC RWY 14 E004
OM S14 27.8 E132 19.5
Queensland
Amberley AMB 114.7 T H S27 38.5 E152 43.0 E011 126
Amberley AMB 359.0 H A S27 38.9 E152 43.4 E011 237
Archerfield (Brisbane) AF 419.0 H A S27 34.2 E153 01.0 E010 114
Barcaldine BAR 332.0 H W S23 33.5 E145 17.9 E008 880
Biboohra (Cairns) BIB 112.3 V H S16 55.0 E145 24.7 E007 1700
Birdsville BDV 413.0 H W S25 53.8 E139 21.2 E007 230
Blackall BCK 416.0 H W S24 25.6 E145 26.2 E008 996
Boulia BOU 398.0 H W S22 54.9 E139 54.4 E007 610
Bowen BWN 292.0 H W S20 01.3 E148 12.9 E008 87
Brisbane BN 113.2 V D U W S27 22.0 E153 08.4 E011 28
Bromelton BML 374.0 H W S27 58.0 E152 54.0 E010
Brymaroo BMR 242.0 H L S27 14.1 E151 37.5 E011
Bundaberg BUD 302.0 H W S24 54.4 E152 19.2 E010 102
Burketown BKT 236.0 H S17 45.1 E139 31.9 E006
CENTURY MINE CNY 293.0 H W S18 45.2 E138 42.2 E006
Cairns CS 113.0 V D U S16 51.0 E145 44.6 E007 23
Cairns CS 364.0 H W S16 50.8 E145 44.1 E007
Camooweal CMW 254.0 H W S19 54.9 E138 07.0 E006 792
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Charleville CV 114.3 V U S26 25.3 E146 16.0 E009
Charleville CV 269.0 H S26 25.2 E146 14.9 E009 1175
Clermont CMT 209.0 H M W S22 46.4 E147 37.5 E008 932
Cloncurry CCY 264.0 H W S20 39.9 E140 30.1 E007 681
Coen COE 404.0 H W S13 46.0 E143 07.0 E006 595
Collinsville CSV 112.2 V U S20 35.5 E147 47.1 E008
Cooktown CKN 111.7 D U S15 26.9 E145 11.2 26
Cooktown CKN 293.0 H W S15 26.9 E145 11.2 E007
Cunnamulla CMU 115.5 V U W S28 02.3 E145 37.4 E009 627
Cunnamulla CMU 218.0 H W S28 02.1 E145 37.4 E009 695
Dysart DYS 227.0 H S22 35.9 E148 21.1 E009
Emerald EML 324.0 H M W S23 34.0 E148 10.3 E009 690
Gayndah GAY 284.0 H W S25 35.7 E151 40.4 E010
Georgetown GTN 401.0 H W S18 17.7 E143 33.0 E007
Gladstone GLA 116.3 V U S23 51.9 E151 12.3 E010
Goondiwindi GDI 398.0 H M W S28 31.4 E150 19.6 E011 783
Hamilton I HM 114.4 V D U S20 21.1 E148 57.4 E009 620
Horn I. (Thursday I.) HID 356.0 H M W S10 35.5 E142 17.6 E005 121
Hughenden HUG 112.4 V U S20 48.8 E144 13.4 E007
Hughenden HUG 371.0 H W S20 49.2 E144 13.7 E007 1108
Innisfail IFL 212.0 H W S17 33.7 E146 00.9 E007 85
Jacobs Well JCW 116.5 V U S27 45.7 E153 20.1 E011
Julia Creek JLC 206.0 H W S20 39.9 E141 43.5 E007 475
Kilcoy KCY 392.0 H M W S26 55.1 E152 34.4 E010
Kingaroy KRY 209.0 H S26 34.7 E151 50.7 E011
Kowanyama KOW 242.0 H W S15 28.8 E141 44.9 E006 90
Laravale LAV 117.8 V U S28 05.4 E152 55.5 E011
Lockhart River LHR 392.0 H W S12 47.3 E143 18.2 E006
Longreach LRE 117.9 V U W S23 25.5 E144 16.9 E008
Longreach LRE 353.0 H W S23 25.7 E144 17.3 E008 800
Mackay MK 112.7 V D U S21 10.4 E149 11.2 E009
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Mackay MK 308.0 H W S21 09.7 E149 11.2 E009 130
Maleny MLY 115.9 V U S26 44.7 E152 45.7 E011
Maryborough MYB 248.0 H W S25 31.2 E152 42.6 E011 110
Moranbah MRB 218.0 H S22 03.8 E148 04.5 E009
Mornington Island MTI 416.0 H S16 39.5 E139 10.2 E006
Mount Isa MA 117.5 V D U S20 39.9 E139 29.2 E006 1142
Mount Isa MA 338.0 H W S20 40.5 E139 29.2 E006 1185
Norfolk I. NF 112.4 V D U S29 02.8 E167 55.9 E015 327
Norfolk I. NF 260.0 H H W S29 00.4 E167 55.3 E015
Normanton NTN 311.0 H W S17 41.7 E141 04.4 E006 131
Oakey OK 112.9 V D U S27 24.0 E151 44.3 E011 1356
Oakey OK 254.0 H W S27 25.3 E151 44.2 E011 1400
Proserpine PN 113.7 V D U W S20 29.8 E148 33.2 E008 174
Proserpine PN 245.0 H W S20 29.4 E148 33.6 E008 142
Richmond RMD 215.0 H W S20 41.9 E143 06.6 E007 735
Rockhampton RK 116.9 V D U W S23 23.0 E150 28.3 E009 43
Rockhampton RK 257.0 H W S23 22.3 E150 28.5 E009 103
Roma ROM 377.0 H W S26 32.6 E148 46.9 E010 1000
Saint George SGE 383.0 H W S28 02.8 E148 35.8 E009 720
Sunshine Coast SU 114.2 V D U S26 35.9 E153 05.4 E011 25
Sunshine Coast SU 380.0 H S26 35.5 E153 05.5 E011
THE MONUMENT TMO 323.0 H W S21 48.6 E139 55.5 E007
Taroom TAM 112.8 V U S25 48.2 E149 53.8 E009 755
Taroom TAM 221.0 H W S25 48.1 E149 53.5 E010 811
Thangool TNG 113.8 D U S24 29.6 E150 34.2 709
Thangool TNG 446.0 H S24 29.7 E150 34.2 E010 693
Thargomindah TGM 392.0 H W S27 59.6 E143 48.9 E008 420
Toowoomba TWB 386.0 H S27 32.5 E151 54.7 E011
Townsville TL 114.1 V D U S19 14.7 E146 45.5 E008 36
Townsville TVL 113.5 T H S19 16.7 E146 44.6 E007 40
Townsville TVL 276.0 H H W S19 14.8 E146 45.7 E007 157
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Weipa WP 112.8 V D U S12 40.4 E141 55.4 E006 75
Weipa WP 377.0 H W S12 39.7 E141 53.9 E006
Windorah WDH 407.0 H W S25 24.7 E142 39.8 E008 508
Winton WTN 386.0 H W S22 21.9 E143 05.0 E007 710
Amberley (Amberley Mili- IAM 110.7 LOC RWY 15 E011

tary)
OM S27 32.4 E152 40.1
Brisbane (Brisbane Intl) OM S27 27.5 E153 05.2
IBS 110.1 LOC RWY 19 E011
Cairns (Cairns Intl) ICS 109.9 LOC RWY 15 E007
OM S16 48.6 E145 43.1
ICN 109.5 LOC RWY 33 E007
Oakey (Oakey (Military)) IOK 110.5 LOC RWY 14 E011
OM S27 21.0 E151 41.8
Townsville (Townsville ITL 109.3 LOC RWY 01 E008
Intl)
OM S19 19.9 E146 43.8
South Australia
Adelaide AD 116.4 V D U S34 56.8 E138 31.5 E008 20
Andamooka AMK 206.0 H W S30 27.2 E137 10.0 E007
Ardrossan ARS 115.8 V U S34 25.0 E137 53.6 E007
Ardrossan ARS 398.0 H M W S34 24.8 E137 55.4 E007
Bordertown BOR 112.7 V U S36 23.6 E140 44.5 E008
Bordertown BOR 251.0 H W S36 23.4 E140 45.1 E008
Ceduna CDU 293.0 H W S32 07.6 E133 43.6 E005 243
Coober Pedy CBP 341.0 H W S29 01.9 E134 43.4 E006
Edinburgh (Adelaide) EDN 114.7 T H S34 42.3 E138 36.7 E008 58
Edinburgh (Adelaide) EDN 311.0 H W S34 42.4 E138 37.9 E008 58
Kingscote KSC 215.0 H M W S35 42.6 E137 30.8 E008 92
Lake Albert LRT 227.0 H W S35 41.3 E139 20.9 E009
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Leigh Creek LEC 117.8 V U W S30 35.8 E138 25.7 E007
Leigh Creek LEC 287.0 H W S30 35.9 E138 26.5 E007
Minnipa MPA 200.0 H W S32 50.6 E135 08.9 E007 586
Modbury (Adelaide) MBY 377.0 H W S34 49.9 E138 41.9 E008
Moomba OOM 112.0 D U S28 06.3 E140 12.0 135
Moomba OOM 227.0 H W S28 06.3 E140 11.9 E007 185
Mount Gambier MTG 117.0 V H A S37 45.1 E140 47.1 E010
Mount Gambier MTG 266.0 H W S37 45.2 E140 46.7 E010 385
Mount Hope MTP 117.9 V D U W S34 08.1 E135 20.4 E006 540
Mount Hope MTP 353.0 H W S34 07.5 E135 20.5 E006
Naracoorte NRC 287.0 H S36 58.7 E140 43.5 E009
Oodnadatta OOD 308.0 H S27 33.3 E135 26.5 E005 513
Parafield (Adelaide) PF 416.0 H M W S34 47.8 E138 37.9 E008 45
Port Augusta PAG 383.0 H S32 31.6 E137 42.1 E008
Port Lincoln PLC 389.0 H W S34 36.3 E135 52.4 E007 100
Renmark REN 200.0 H W S34 11.5 E140 40.6 E009 194
Stonefield SFL 257.0 H W S34 23.5 E139 21.0 E008
Tailem Bend TBD 116.6 V U S35 14.6 E139 30.6 E009
Tailem Bend TBD 242.0 H S35 15.2 E139 28.0 E009
Whyalla WHA 371.0 H W S33 03.5 E137 31.5 E007 100
Woomera WR 248.0 H W S31 08.6 E136 48.5 E007 600
Adelaide (Adelaide Intl) IAD 109.7 LOC RWY 23 E008

OM S34 53.9 E138 36.2
Edinburgh (Edinburgh IED 110.7 LOC RWY 18 E008
(Military))
OM S34 37.5 E138 37.8
Tasmania
Devonport DPO 116.3 V D U A S41 10.2 E146 26.1 E013 43
Devonport DPO 281.0 H A S41 10.4 E146 25.7 E013 107
Flinders I FLI 296.0 H M W S40 05.7 E148 00.9 E012 134
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Hobart HB 112.7 V D U S42 50.8 E147 31.6 E015 48
Hobart HB 362.0 H L W S42 48.7 E147 28.8 E015
King I KII 332.0 H S39 53.4 E143 52.5 E012 238
Launceston LT 112.6 V D U W S41 32.6 E147 12.8 E014 562
Launceston LT 242.0 H M W S41 33.7 E147 13.5 E014
Nile (Launceston) NIE 230.0 H L W S41 39.2 E147 18.2 E014
Saint Helens STH 392.0 H W S41 20.1 E148 16.9 E014 117
Smithton SMI 248.0 H S40 50.0 E145 04.9 E013
Strahan SRN 257.0 H W S42 09.2 E145 17.7 E013 123
Tea Tree (Hobart) TTR 374.0 H L W S42 41.5 E147 18.8 E014
Wynyard WYY 115.8 V U W S41 00.0 E145 43.6 E013
Wynyard WYY 302.0 H W S40 59.9 E145 42.5 E013
Hobart IHB 109.9 LOC RWY 12 E015

Launceston ILT 109.5 LOC RWY 32L E014
OM S41 36.3 E147 15.8
Victoria
Arcadia (Melbourne) ARC 206.0 H M W S37 34.2 E144 53.5 E010
Avalon AV 116.1 V D U S38 02.9 E144 27.5 E011 66
Bairnsdale BNS 212.0 H W S37 52.9 E147 34.1 E013 231
Ballarat BLT 239.0 H S37 30.8 E143 47.4 E010
Bendigo BDG 245.0 H W S36 44.6 E144 19.6 E011
Bolinda (Melbourne) BOL 362.0 H L W S37 27.7 E144 47.9 E011
Corryong CRG 386.0 H W S36 08.9 E147 51.7 E011
Cowes CWS 117.6 V U W S38 30.5 E145 12.8 E012
Cowes CWS 275.0 H W S38 31.0 E145 13.2 E012
East Sale ESL 113.5 T H S38 06.1 E147 09.3 E013 44
East Sale ESL 350.0 H W S38 06.7 E147 09.6 E013
Echuca ECH 341.0 H S36 09.9 E144 45.9 E011
Eildon Weir ELW 112.3 V U W S37 12.4 E145 50.1 E011
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Essendon (Melbourne) EN 356.0 H W S37 43.6 E144 54.7 E011 325
Hamilton HML 203.0 H H W S37 39.0 E142 03.5 E010 851
Horsham HSM 401.0 H W S36 40.3 E142 10.1 E010 440
Latrobe Valley LTV 486.0 H S38 12.8 E146 28.5 E012
Mallacoota MCO 117.5 V D U N S37 35.8 E149 43.1 E014 133
Mallacoota MCO 338.0 H W S37 35.8 E149 43.7 E014 156
Mangalore MNG 113.2 V U S36 53.2 E145 11.7 E011
Mangalore MNG 254.0 H W S36 53.8 E145 10.9 E011 461
Melbourne ML 114.1 V D U S37 39.6 E144 50.5 E011 412
Mildura MIA 113.7 V D U S34 13.6 E142 05.2 E009 230
Mildura MIA 272.0 H W S34 14.9 E142 04.4 E009 276
Moorabbin (Melbourne) MB 398.0 H W S37 58.6 E145 05.4 E012 44
Mount Livingstone LVG 117.2 V U S37 08.5 E147 33.1 E012
Mount Livingstone LVG 227.0 H W S37 08.7 E147 32.9 E012
Natya NYA 112.8 V H S34 58.1 E143 14.0 E009
Nhill NHL 116.5 V U W S36 18.9 E141 38.7 E010
Nhill NHL 326.0 H W S36 17.4 E141 38.6 E010 580
Plenty (Melbourne) PLE 218.0 H L W S37 43.2 E145 06.7 E011
Portland POD 212.0 H W S38 18.9 E141 28.4 E009
Shepparton SHT 212.0 H A S36 25.7 E145 23.8 E011
Strathbogie SBG 413.0 H M W S36 51.2 E145 44.3 E012
Swan Hill SWH 407.0 H W S35 22.8 E143 32.4 E010 294
Wangaratta WGT 203.0 H S36 25.3 E146 18.3 E012
Warracknabeal WKB 209.0 H W S36 19.2 E142 24.7 E010 464
Warrnambool WBL 395.0 H W S38 17.3 E142 27.2 E009 305
Wonthaggi WON 115.9 V U W S38 28.3 E145 37.4 E012
Wonthaggi WON 383.0 H M W S38 28.3 E145 37.5 E012
Yarrowee YWE 114.3 V U W S37 44.3 E143 45.3 E011
Yarrowee YWE 389.0 H M W S37 44.5 E143 45.4 E011
Avalon IAV 109.5 LOC RWY 18 E011

AUSTRALIA
Decl
East Sale (East Sale IES 109.5 LOC RWY 22 E013
(Military))
OM S38 03.5 E147 13.2
Melbourne (Essendon) IEN 109.9 LOC RWY 26 E011
OM S37 43.9 E144 59.8
Melbourne (Melbourne IMS 109.7 LOC RWY 16 E011
Intl)
OM S37 35.4 E144 49.4
IMW 109.3 LOC RWY 27 E011
OM S37 40.0 E144 55.6
Western Australia
Albany ABA 109.7 D U S34 57.0 E117 48.6 243
Albany ABA 240.0 H W S34 57.1 E117 48.6 W002 365
Argyle ARG 113.9 V D U N S16 37.9 E128 26.9 E003 536
Balgo Hill BGO 206.0 H W S20 08.2 E127 59.3 E004
Ballidu BIU 114.3 V U S30 35.6 E116 46.8 W002
Ballidu BIU 389.0 H W S30 35.5 E116 46.2 W002
Barrow Island BWX 206.0 H S20 51.4 E115 24.4 E001 128
Broome BRM 115.3 D U S17 56.8 E122 14.1 67
Broome BRM 320.0 H W S17 56.8 E122 14.1 E002 182
Busselton BLN 386.0 H S33 41.6 E115 23.7 W004
Caiguna CAG 112.5 V D U S32 15.8 E125 29.7 E002 370
Carnarvon CAR 113.0 V D U S24 52.9 E113 40.4 W001 23
Carnarvon CAR 323.0 H W S24 53.2 E113 40.2 W001 115
Caversham (Perth) CVM 329.0 H L S31 52.7 E115 58.9 W003
Christmas I XMX 112.4 V D U S10 25.8 E105 41.4 W000 964
Clackline (Perth) CKL 200.0 H W S31 41.1 E116 33.6 W002
Cocos I. CC 114.1 V D U S12 12.0 E096 50.5 W003 30
Cocos I. CC 305.0 H W S12 08.7 E096 49.2 W003
Cocos I. CIL 388.0 H W S12 10.2 E096 49.3 W003
Cunderdin CUN 293.0 H W S31 37.5 E117 13.4 W001 767
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Curtin (Derby) CIN 114.3 V D U S17 35.3 E123 51.1 E002 370
Curtin (Derby) CIN 350.0 H S17 34.5 E123 49.9 E002 370
Derby DBY 332.0 H S17 21.4 E123 40.0 E003
Esperance ESP 114.2 V D U N S33 40.8 E121 49.4 E000
Esperance ESP 326.0 H M W S33 41.2 E121 49.6 E000 537
Fitzroy Crossing FTZ 407.0 H W S18 11.1 E125 33.4 E003
Forrest FRT 268.0 H W S30 51.3 E128 06.0 E004 670
Geraldton GEL 113.9 V D U S28 47.4 E114 42.4 W001 145
Geraldton GEL 359.0 H W S28 47.9 E114 42.1 W001
Gibb River GIB 392.0 H W S16 25.8 E126 25.9 E003 1781
Gingin GIG 372.0 H M W S31 27.6 E115 51.9 W001
Halls Creek HLC 245.0 H W S18 14.0 E127 40.4 E003 1468
Jandakot JT 281.0 H W S32 06.2 E115 53.2 W002
Jurien Bay JNB 112.0 V U S30 18.8 E115 03.2 W002
Kalgoorlie KG 114.1 V D U W S30 47.4 E121 27.2 E001 1213
Kalgoorlie KG 287.0 H W S30 47.7 E121 27.8 E001 1374
Karratha KA 117.3 V D U A S20 42.9 E116 46.4 E002 39
Karratha KA 404.0 H M S20 42.4 E116 47.0 E002 95
Kununurra KU 116.5 V D U W S15 46.5 E128 42.5 E003 165
Kununurra KU 221.0 H W S15 47.0 E128 42.2 E003 233
Laverton LTN 407.0 H W S28 36.7 E122 25.4 E002 1583
Learmonth LM 112.4 V D U S22 14.1 E114 05.7 E000 25
Learmonth LM 396.0 H M W S22 14.5 E114 05.7 E000 80
Leinster LST 230.0 H S27 50.4 E120 42.0 E001
Leonora LEO 377.0 H W S28 52.7 E121 19.2 E001 1290
Manjimup MJM 257.0 H S34 15.5 E116 07.3 W003
Meekatharra MEK 112.9 V D U S26 36.4 E118 32.0 E000 1723
Meekatharra MEK 251.0 H W S26 37.0 E118 32.3 E000 1771
Morawa MRW 407.0 H W S29 12.5 E116 01.4 W001 942
Mount Keith MNE 332.0 H S27 17.2 E120 32.9 E001
Mount Magnet MOG 395.0 H W S28 03.8 E117 50.6 E000
AUSTRALIA
Decl
Narembeen NRB 227.0 H W S32 04.3 E118 23.7 W001
Newman NWN 117.2 V D U S23 25.3 E119 48.2 E002 1734
Newman NWN 233.0 H W S23 25.1 E119 47.8 E002 1798
Norseman NSM 347.0 H W S32 11.7 E121 47.9 E001 1370
Paraburdoo PBO 116.9 V D U S23 10.4 E117 44.2 E001 1416
Paraburdoo PBO 278.0 H M W S23 10.7 E117 44.6 E001 1521
Parkerville (Perth) PRL 352.0 H L W S31 51.6 E116 07.1 W003
Pearce PEA 112.8 T H S31 40.4 E116 01.0 W002 149
Pearce PEA 340.0 H W S31 39.3 E116 01.1 W001 144
Perth PH 113.7 V D U S31 56.7 E115 57.6 W002 87
Pingelly PIY 233.0 H W S32 32.4 E117 04.5 W002
Port Hedland PD 114.1 V D U S20 22.7 E118 37.4 E002 47
Port Hedland PD 260.0 H W S20 23.4 E118 38.5 E002 100
Rottnest I RTI 317.0 H W S32 00.3 E115 32.7 W002 85
Southern Cross SCR 221.0 H W S31 13.9 E119 21.4 W001 1230
Telfer TEF 374.0 H W S21 42.7 E122 12.8 E002
Troughton I TTX 413.0 H S13 45.3 E126 08.9 E003 85
Truscott TST 359.0 H S14 05.4 E126 23.2 E003
Warburton WBR 218.0 H S26 07.7 E126 34.8 E003
Wiluna WLU 383.0 H S26 37.5 E120 13.2 E001
Wyndham WYM 372.0 H W S15 30.6 E128 09.1 E003
Albany IAB 109.7 LOC RWY 14 W002

Pearce IPE 110.7 LOC RWY 18L W001
OM S31 34.7 E116 00.1
IPC 111.9 LOC RWY 36R W001
OM S31 46.4 E116 01.7
Perth (Perth Intl) IPN 110.1 LOC RWY 03 W002
IGD 109.5 LOC RWY 21 W002
OM S31 51.5 E115 59.3
IPH 109.9 LOC RWY 24 W002
AUSTRALIA
Decl
OM S31 53.8 E116 02.8
NAVIGATION AIDS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER - AUSTRALIA
A BML Bromelton, Queensland

ABA Albany, W Australia BMR Brymaroo, Queensland
AD Adelaide, S Australia BN Brisbane, Queensland
AF Archerfield (Brisbane), Queensland BNA Ballina, New South Wales
AMB Amberley, Queensland BNS Bairnsdale, Victoria
AMK Andamooka, S Australia BOL Bolinda (Melbourne), Victoria
ARC Arcadia (Melbourne), Victoria BOR Bordertown, S Australia
ARG Argyle, W Australia BOU Boulia, Queensland
ARM Armidale, New South Wales BRL Borroloola, Northern Terr.
ARS Ardrossan, S Australia BRM Broome, W Australia
AS Alice Springs, Northern Terr. BRW Brewarrina, New South Wales
AV Avalon, Victoria BTH Bathurst, New South Wales
AY Albury, New South Wales BUD Bundaberg, Queensland
AYE Ayers Rock, Northern Terr. BWN Bowen, Queensland
BWX Barrow Island, W Australia
B
BAR Barcaldine, Queensland C
BCK Blackall, Queensland CAA Calga, New South Wales
BDG Bendigo, Victoria CAG Caiguna, W Australia
BDV Birdsville, Queensland CAR Carnarvon, W Australia
BGO Balgo Hill, W Australia CB Canberra, Australian Capital
BGT Bagot (Darwin), Northern Terr. CBA Cobar, New South Wales
BHI Broken Hill, New South Wales CBB Coonabarabran, New South Wales
BIB Biboohra (Cairns), Queensland CBP Coober Pedy, S Australia
BIK Bindook, New South Wales CC Cocos I., W Australia
BIU Ballidu, W Australia CCK Church Creek (Canberra), New South
Wales
CCY Cloncurry, Queensland
CDO Condobolin, New South Wales
BKT Burketown, Queensland
BLN Busselton, W Australia
BLT Ballarat, Victoria
CIL Cocos I., W Australia E

CIN Curtin (Derby), W Australia ECH Echuca, Victoria
CKL Clackline (Perth), W Australia EDN Edinburgh (Adelaide), S Australia
CKN Cooktown, Queensland ELW Eildon Weir, Victoria
CMT Clermont, Queensland EML Emerald, Queensland
CMU Cunnamulla, Queensland EN Essendon (Melbourne), Victoria
CMW Camooweal, Queensland EPP Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
CN Camden, New South Wales ESL East Sale, Victoria
CNM Coonamble, New South Wales ESP Esperance, W Australia
CNY CENTURY MINE, Queensland
F
COE Coen, Queensland
COM Cooma, New South Wales
COR Corowa, New South Wales
FRT Forrest, W Australia
CRG Corryong, Victoria
FTZ Fitzroy Crossing, W Australia
CS Cairns, Queensland
CSV Collinsville, Queensland G
CTM Cootamundra, New South Wales GAY Gayndah, Queensland
CUN Cunderdin, W Australia GBA Gibraltar, New South Wales
CV Charleville, Queensland GDH Gunnedah, New South Wales
CVM Caversham (Perth), W Australia GDI Goondiwindi, Queensland
CWR Cowra, New South Wales GEL Geraldton, W Australia
CWS Cowes, Victoria GFN Grafton, New South Wales
GIB Gibb River, W Australia
D
GIG Gingin, W Australia
DAR Darwin, Northern Terr.
GLA Gladstone, Queensland
DBY Derby, W Australia
GLB Goulburn, New South Wales
DLQ Deniliquin, New South Wales
GLF Glenfield (Sydney), New South Wales
DN Darwin, Northern Terr.
GLI Glen Innes, New South Wales
GTE Groote Eylandt, Northern Terr.
GTH Griffith, New South Wales
GTN Georgetown, Queensland ISY Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw), New
GV Gove, Northern Terr. South Wales
IVL Inverell, New South Wales
H IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
J
HB Hobart, Tasmania
JCW Jacobs Well, Queensland
HBK Holbrook, New South Wales
JLC Julia Creek, Queensland
HID Horn I. (Thursday I.), Queensland
JNB Jurien Bay, W Australia
HLC Halls Creek, W Australia
JT Jandakot, W Australia
HM Hamilton I, Queensland
JVS Jervois, Northern Terr.
HML Hamilton, Victoria
HOO Hooker Creek, Northern Terr.
K
HSM Horsham, Victoria
KA Karratha, W Australia
HUG Hughenden, Queensland
KAT Katoomba, New South Wales
HWS Howard Springs (Darwin), Northern
KCY Kilcoy, Queensland
Terr.
KG Kalgoorlie, W Australia
I KII King I, Tasmania
IAB Albany (Albany, Wa), W Australia KMP Kempsey, New South Wales
IAV Avalon (Avalon, Vic), Victoria KOW Kowanyama, Queensland
IBS Brisbane Intl (Brisbane, Qld), Queens- KRY Kingaroy, Queensland
land KSC Kingscote, S Australia
ICN Cairns Intl (Cairns, Qld), Queensland KU Kununurra, W Australia
IES East Sale (Military) (East Sale, Vic), Vic-
toria L
IFL Innisfail, Queensland LAV Laravale, Queensland
IMS Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria LEC Leigh Creek, S Australia
INA Nowra Military (Nowra, Nsw), New South LEO Leonora, W Australia
Wales
LHI Lord Howe, New South Wales
LHR Lockhart River, Queensland
ISS Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw), New
South Wales LIS Lismore, New South Wales
ISW Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw), New LM Learmonth, W Australia

South Wales
LRE Longreach, Queensland MRW Morawa, W Australia

LRT Lake Albert, S Australia MRY Moruya, New South Wales
LST Leinster, W Australia MSO Mount Sandon, New South Wales
LT Launceston, Tasmania MTG Mount Gambier, S Australia
LT Launceston (Launceston, Tas), Tasma- MTI Mornington Island, Queensland
nia MTP Mount Hope, S Australia
LTN Laverton, W Australia MYB Maryborough, Queensland
LTV Latrobe Valley, Victoria
LVG Mount Livingstone, Victoria N
NAR Narrandera, New South Wales
M
NBR Narrabri, New South Wales
MA Mount Isa, Queensland
NF Norfolk I., Queensland
MB Moorabbin (Melbourne), Victoria
NGU Ngukurr, Northern Terr.
MBY Modbury (Adelaide), S Australia
NHL Nhill, Victoria
MCO Mallacoota, Victoria
NIE Nile (Launceston), Tasmania
MDG Mudgee, New South Wales
NRB Narembeen, W Australia
MEK Meekatharra, W Australia
NRC Naracoorte, S Australia
MER Merimbula, New South Wales
NRM Narromine, New South Wales
MGD Maningrida, Northern Terr.
NSM Norseman, W Australia
MHU McArthur River Mine, Northern Terr.
NTN Normanton, Queensland
MIA Mildura, Victoria
NWA Nowra, New South Wales
MJM Manjimup, W Australia
NWN Newman, W Australia
MK Mackay, Queensland
NYA Natya, Victoria
ML Melbourne, Victoria
NYN Nyngan, New South Wales
MLY Maleny, Queensland
MNE Mount Keith, W Australia O
MNG Mangalore, Victoria OK Oakey, Queensland
MOG Mount Magnet, W Australia OOD Oodnadatta, S Australia
MOR Moree, New South Wales OOM Moomba, S Australia
MPA Minnipa, S Australia ORG Orange, New South Wales
MQD Mount McQuoid, New South Wales
MRB Moranbah, Queensland
P S
PAG Port Augusta, S Australia SBG Strathbogie, Victoria
PBO Paraburdoo, W Australia SCO Scone, New South Wales
PD Port Hedland, W Australia SCR Southern Cross, W Australia
PEA Pearce, W Australia SFL Stonefield, S Australia
PEC Aeropelican, New South Wales SGE Saint George, Queensland
PF Parafield (Adelaide), S Australia SGT Singleton, New South Wales
PH Perth, W Australia SHT Shepparton, Victoria
PIY Pingelly, W Australia SMI Smithton, Tasmania
PKS Parkes, New South Wales SPG Simpsons Gap, Northern Terr.
PLC Port Lincoln, S Australia SRN Strahan, Tasmania
PLE Plenty (Melbourne), Victoria STH Saint Helens, Tasmania
PLO Point Lookout, New South Wales SU Sunshine Coast, Queensland
PMQ Port Macquarie, New South Wales SWH Swan Hill, Victoria
PN Proserpine, Queensland SY Sydney, New South Wales
POD Portland, Victoria
T
PRL Parkerville (Perth), W Australia
TAM Taroom, Queensland
Q TBD Tailem Bend, S Australia
QDI Quirindi, New South Wales TDL Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr.
TEF Telfer, W Australia
R
TGM Thargomindah, Queensland
REN Renmark, S Australia
TGT The Granites, Northern Terr.
RIC Richmond, New South Wales
TIB Tibooburra, New South Wales
RK Rockhampton, Queensland
TL Townsville, Queensland
RMD Richmond, Queensland
TMO THE MONUMENT, Queensland
ROC Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
TN Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr.
ROM Roma, Queensland
TNG Thangool, Queensland
RTI Rottnest I, W Australia
TNK Tennant Creek, Northern Terr.
RUG Rugby, New South Wales
TPB Temple Bar (Alice Springs), Northern
Terr.
TRE Taree, New South Wales
TST Truscott, W Australia WWL West Wyalong, New South Wales

TTR Tea Tree (Hobart), Tasmania WYM Wyndham, W Australia
TTX Troughton I, W Australia WYY Wynyard, Tasmania
TVL Townsville, Queensland
X
TW Tamworth, New South Wales
XMX Christmas I, W Australia
TWB Toowoomba, Queensland
Y
V
YAS Yass, New South Wales
YNG Young, New South Wales
W YWE Yarrowee, Victoria
I
IAB Albany, W Australia
IAD Adelaide (Adelaide Intl), S Australia
IAM Amberley (Amberley Military), Queens-
WG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales land
WGT Wangaratta, Victoria IAS Alice Springs, Northern Terr.
WHA Whyalla, S Australia IAV Avalon, Victoria
WJS Wee Jasper, New South Wales IBS Brisbane (Brisbane Intl), Queensland
WKB Warracknabeal, Victoria ICB Canberra, Australian Capital
WLE Williamsdale, New South Wales ICN Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
WLG Walgett, New South Wales ICS Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
WLM Williamtown (Newcastle), New South IDN Darwin (Darwin Intl), Northern Terr.
Wales
IED Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military)), S Aus-
WLU Wiluna, W Australia tralia
WMD West Maitland, New South Wales IEN Melbourne (Essendon), Victoria
WOL Wollongong, New South Wales IES East Sale (East Sale (Military)), Victoria
WON Wonthaggi, Victoria IGD Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
WP Weipa, Queensland IHB Hobart, Tasmania
WR Woomera, S Australia IKN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
WTN Winton, Queensland South Wales

IMS Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria
IMW Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria
INA Nowra (Nowra Military), New South
Wales
IOK Oakey (Oakey (Military)), Queensland
IPC Pearce, W Australia
IPE Pearce, W Australia
IPH Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
IPN Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
IRI Richmond (Richmond (Military)), New
South Wales
ISN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
South Wales
ISW Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
South Wales
ISY Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
South Wales
ITL Townsville (Townsville Intl), Queensland
ITW Tamworth, New South Wales
IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
IWM Williamtown (Williamtown Military), New
South Wales
Radio Aids
Radio Data - Australasia

RADIO DATA - AUSTRALASIA 359
NAVIGATION AIDS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER - AUSTRALASIA
A AV Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia

AA Atambua, Indonesia AY Albury, New South Wales
AA Auckland, New Zealand AYE Ayers Rock, Northern Terr.
ABA Albany, W Australia
B
ABD Abdulrachman (Malang), Indonesia
BA Bauerfield, Vanuatu
AD Adelaide, S Australia
AD Rengat, Indonesia
BAC Banda Aceh, Indonesia
AF Archerfield (Brisbane), Queensland
BAR Barcaldine, Queensland
AG Sembawang (Singapore), Singapore
BB Bora Bora, French Pacific O.T.
AI Auki, Solomon Is
BB Jakarta, Indonesia
AL Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia
BCK Blackall, Queensland
AL Malolo (Nadi), Fiji Is
BDG Bendigo, Victoria
AMB Amberley, Queensland
BDM Bamal, Indonesia
AMK Andamooka, S Australia
BDV Birdsville, Queensland
BE Berridale (Dunedin), New Zealand
AN Atuona, French Pacific O.T.
BED Bedok (Singapore), Singapore
ANY Semarang, Indonesia
BGO Balgo Hill, W Australia
AO Hao, French Pacific O.T.
BGT Bagot (Darwin), Northern Terr.
AP Kluang, Malaysia
BHI Broken Hill, New South Wales
AP Taupo, New Zealand
BIB Biboohra (Cairns), Queensland
AR Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia
BIK Biak, Indonesia
ARC Arcadia (Melbourne), Victoria
BIK Bindook, New South Wales
ARG Argyle, W Australia
BIU Ballidu, W Australia
ARM Armidale, New South Wales
ARS Ardrossan, S Australia
AS Alice Springs, Northern Terr.
BKL Bengkulu, Indonesia
AS Ashburton, New Zealand
BKT Burketown, Queensland
AT Alor Star, Malaysia
BL Ile Art, New Caledonia
AT Atiu, Cook Is
BLI Bali (Den Pasar), Indonesia
AT Pontianak, Indonesia
BLN Busselton, W Australia
AV Avalon, Victoria
BLT Ballarat, Victoria CAA Calga, New South Wales

BM Batam, Indonesia CAG Caiguna, W Australia
BM Blenheim, New Zealand CAR Carnarvon, W Australia
BML Bromelton, Queensland CB Canberra, Australian Capital
BMR Brymaroo, Queensland CBA Cobar, New South Wales
BN Brisbane, Queensland CBB Coonabarabran, New South Wales
BNA Ballina, New South Wales CBP Coober Pedy, S Australia
BND Bandung, Indonesia CC Cape Campbell, New Zealand
BNS Bairnsdale, Victoria CC Cocos I., W Australia
BOL Bolinda (Melbourne), Victoria CCK Church Creek (Canberra), New South
Wales
BOR Bordertown, S Australia
BOU Boulia, Queensland CCY Cloncurry, Queensland
BP Batu Pahat (Johor Bahru), Malaysia CDO Condobolin, New South Wales
CE Caledonian (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia
BRL Borroloola, Northern Terr.
BRM Broome, W Australia
BRW Brewarrina, New South Wales
CH Christchurch, New Zealand
BRZ Tanjung Redeb, Indonesia
BS Blimbingsari, Indonesia CI Chatham (Chatham Islands), New Zea-
land
BTH Bathurst, New South Wales
CIL Cocos I., W Australia
CIN Curtin (Derby), W Australia
CKG Cengkareng (Jakarta), Indonesia
CKL Clackline (Perth), W Australia
CKN Cooktown, Queensland
CL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indone-
BUD Bundaberg, Queensland sia
BWN Bowen, Queensland CLP Cilacap, Indonesia
BWX Barrow Island, W Australia CMT Clermont, Queensland
CMU Cunnamulla, Queensland
C
CMW Camooweal, Queensland
CA Cirebon, Indonesia
CN Camden, New South Wales
CNM Coonamble, New South Wales EML Emerald, Queensland

CNY CENTURY MINE, Queensland EN Essendon (Melbourne), Victoria
COE Coen, Queensland EPP Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
COM Cooma, New South Wales ESL East Sale, Victoria
COR Corowa, New South Wales ESP Esperance, W Australia
CRG Corryong, Victoria
F
CS Cairns, Queensland
FA Faleolo (Upolu I.), W Samoa
CSV Collinsville, Queensland
FA Tahiti, French Pacific O.T.
CTM Cootamundra, New South Wales
CUN Cunderdin, W Australia
FIN Finschhafen, PNG
CV Charleville, Queensland
CV Cuvier I., New Zealand
CVM Caversham (Perth), W Australia
FM Fua'Amotu (Tonga), Tonga
CWR Cowra, New South Wales
FN Fangatau, French Pacific O.T.
CWS Cowes, Victoria
FND Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia
D FRT Forrest, W Australia
DAR Darwin, Northern Terr. FTZ Fitzroy Crossing, W Australia
DBY Derby, W Australia FY Ferry (Wellington), New Zealand
DEE Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG
G
DF Kasiguncu (Poso), Indonesia
GA Goroka, PNG
DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
GA Mataram, Indonesia
DLQ Deniliquin, New South Wales
GAY Gayndah, Queensland
DN Darwin, Northern Terr.
GB Graciosa Bay, Solomon Is
GB Great Barrier, New Zealand
GBA Gibraltar, New South Wales
GBE Gobe, PNG
E GDH Gunnedah, New South Wales
ECH Echuca, Victoria GDI Goondiwindi, Queensland
EDN Edinburgh (Adelaide), S Australia GEL Geraldton, W Australia
ELW Eildon Weir, Victoria GFN Grafton, New South Wales
GIB Gibb River, W Australia HL Houailou, New Caledonia

GIG Gingin, W Australia HLC Halls Creek, W Australia
GK Gong Kedak, Malaysia HLM Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia
GL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia HM Hamilton I, Queensland
GLA Gladstone, Queensland HML Hamilton, Victoria
GLB Goulburn, New South Wales HN Hamilton, New Zealand
GLF Glenfield (Sydney), New South Wales HN Honiara, Solomon Is
GLI Glen Innes, New South Wales HOO Hooker Creek, Northern Terr.
GNY Gurney, PNG HSM Horsham, Victoria
GR Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia HUG Hughenden, Queensland
GS Gisborne, New Zealand HV Hiva Oa, French Pacific O.T.
GTE Groote Eylandt, Northern Terr. HWS Howard Springs (Darwin), Northern
GTH Griffith, New South Wales Terr.
GTL Gorontalo, Indonesia

I
GTN Georgetown, Queensland
IAA Auckland Intl (Auckland), New Zealand
GUA Girua, PNG
IAB Albany (Albany, Wa), W Australia
GV Gove, Northern Terr.
IAS Sultan Abdul Halim (Alor Star), Malay-
sia
H
IAV Avalon (Avalon, Vic), Victoria
HA Ha'Apai (Lifuka I.), Tonga
IAV Rarotonga Intl (Rarotonga I), Cook Is
HA Namlea, Indonesia
IBB Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG
HAO Hao I, Tuamotu Is
IBF Bauerfield (Port Vila), Vanuatu
IBIK Frans Kaisiepo (Biak), Indonesia
HB Hobart, Tasmania
IBKL Fatmawati Soekarno (Bengkulu), Indo-
HBK Holbrook, New South Wales nesia
HH Huahine, French Pacific O.T. IBS Brisbane Intl (Brisbane, Qld), Queens-
HHN Huahine, French Pacific O.T. land
HID Horn I. (Thursday I.), Queensland IBTM Hang Nadim (Batam), Indonesia
HK Hokitika, New Zealand ICH Changi (Singapore), Singapore
HKN Hoskins, PNG ICH Christchurch Intl (Christchurch), New

Zealand
HL Henley (Dunedin), New Zealand
ICN Cairns Intl (Cairns, Qld), Queensland
ICW Changi (Singapore), Singapore ILU Bintulu, Malaysia

IDN Dunedin, New Zealand IMG Auckland Intl (Auckland), New Zealand
IDPS Ngurah Rai Intl (Denpasar), Indonesia IMKB Minangkabau Intl (Padang Pariaman),
Indonesia
IEB Wellington Intl (Wellington), New Zea-
land IMN Dunedin, New Zealand
IEL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala IMNO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia
Lumpur), Malaysia IMP Wellington Intl (Wellington), New Zea-
IER Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala land
Lumpur), Malaysia
IMR Miri, Malaysia
IES East Sale (Military) (East Sale, Vic),
IMS Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
Victoria
IFL Innisfail, Queensland
INA Nowra Military (Nowra, Nsw), New
South Wales
IHW Christchurch Intl (Christchurch), New
INO Rarotonga Intl (Rarotonga I), Cook Is
Zealand
IOH Ohakea (Military) (Ohakea), New Zea-
IIPA Mataveri Intl (Isla De Pascua), Isla De land
Pascua
IP Ile Des Pins, New Caledonia
IJB Senai Intl (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
IP Ipoh, Malaysia
IJOG Adi Sucipto (Yogyakarta), Indonesia
IPA Isla De Pascua, Isla De Pascua
IJPA Sentani (Jayapura), Indonesia
IKB Sultan Ismail Petra (Kota Bharu), Ma-
laysia IPKU Sultan Syarif Kasim II (Pekanbaru), In-
donesia
IPO Sultan Azlan Shah (Ipoh), Malaysia
IKL Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala
Lumpur), Malaysia IRM Ohakea (Military) (Ohakea), New Zea-
land
IKN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay-
sia ISB Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala
Lumpur), Malaysia
IKTA Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu),
Malaysia ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia
ILB Labuan, Malaysia ISS Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw),
New South Wales
ILK Langkawi Intl (Langkawi I.), Malaysia
ISU Sibu, Malaysia
ILMB Lombok Intl (Praya), Indonesia
ISW Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw), JT Jandakot, W Australia

New South Wales
JVS Jervois, Northern Terr.
ISY Kingsford Smith Intl (Sydney, Nsw),
New South Wales K
ITDO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia KA Karratha, W Australia
ITRK Juwata (Tarakan), Indonesia KAT Katoomba, New South Wales
ITUT Pago Pago Intl (Pago Pago), Amer Sa- KB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
moa
KC Kerinci, Indonesia
ITWU Tawau, Malaysia
KC Koumac, New Caledonia
IUPG Sultan Hasanuddin (Ujung Pandang),
Indonesia KCY Kilcoy, Queensland
IVL Inverell, New South Wales KDI Kendari, Indonesia
IWG Jacksons (Port Moresby), PNG KE Kone, New Caledonia
IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales KG Kalgoorlie, W Australia
IWI Whenuapai (Military) (Auckland), New KI Kaikoura, New Zealand

Zealand KII King I, Tasmania
IWL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala KIU Kiunga, PNG
Lumpur), Malaysia
KK Kerikeri, New Zealand
IWP Whenuapai (Military) (Auckland), New
KK Kong Kong (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
Zealand
KL Kayell (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia
Lumpur), Malaysia KMP Kempsey, New South Wales
IWY Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia KN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay-
sia
J KO Dili, Indonesia
JB Jaybee (Johor Bahru), Malaysia KOW Kowanyama, Queensland
JCW Jacobs Well, Queensland KP Ketapang, Indonesia
JLC Julia Creek, Queensland KPG Kupang, Indonesia
JMB Jambi, Indonesia KRM Kerema, PNG
JNB Jurien Bay, W Australia KRY Kingaroy, Queensland
JOG Yogyakarta, Indonesia KSC Kingscote, S Australia
JPA Jayapura, Indonesia KT Kaitaia, New Zealand
JR Johor Bahru, Malaysia KTG Ketapang, Indonesia
JSN Jackson (Port Moresby), PNG KU Kununurra, W Australia
KUB Kubuna, PNG LVG Mount Livingstone, Victoria

KVG Kavieng, PNG LW Lawang, Indonesia
LX Alexandra, New Zealand
L
LA Bula, Indonesia M
LAB Labuan, Malaysia MA Mount Isa, Queensland
LAE Lae/Nadzab, PNG MAK Maros (Makassar), Indonesia
LAV Laravale, Queensland MB Moorabbin (Melbourne), Victoria
LB Labuan Bajo, Indonesia MBY Modbury (Adelaide), S Australia
LEC Leigh Creek, S Australia MC Malacca, Malaysia
LEO Leonora, W Australia MCC Oaonui, New Zealand
LFU Lifou, New Caledonia MCO Mallacoota, Victoria
LHD Lahad Datu, Malaysia MD Madang, PNG
LHI Lord Howe, New South Wales MD Manado, Indonesia
LHR Lihir, PNG MDG Mudgee, New South Wales
LHR Lockhart River, Queensland MDI Marudi, Brunei
LIS Lismore, New South Wales MDN Medan, Indonesia
LK Lakeba, Fiji Is MEK Meekatharra, W Australia
LM Learmonth, W Australia MER Merimbula, New South Wales
LMB Praya, Indonesia MGA Ouere (Noumea), New Caledonia
LOG Logotala Hill (Pago Pago), Amer Samoa MGD Maningrida, Northern Terr.
LRE Longreach, Queensland MH Manihiki I., Cook Is
LRT Lake Albert, S Australia MH Mount Hagen, PNG
LS Lhok Sukon, Indonesia MH Mt. Hagen, PNG
LST Leinster, W Australia MHU McArthur River Mine, Northern Terr.
LT Launceston, Tasmania MI Momi (Nadi), Fiji Is
LT Launceston (Launceston, Tas), Tasma- MI Dunedin, New Zealand
nia MIA Mildura, Victoria
LTN Laverton, W Australia MIL Sorong, Indonesia
LTO Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia MJM Manjimup, W Australia
LTV Latrobe Valley, Victoria MK Mackay, Queensland
LU Lifou, New Caledonia
MK Matak, Indonesia MYY Miri, Malaysia

MKB Minangkabau (Padang Pariaman), In- MZU Mulu, Malaysia
donesia
MKE Merauke, Indonesia N
MKS Makassar, Indonesia NA Nausori, Fiji Is
ML Malang, Indonesia NAR Narrandera, New South Wales
ML Melbourne, Victoria NAT Ranai, Indonesia
MLY Maleny, Queensland NBR Nabire, Indonesia
MNE Mount Keith, W Australia NBR Narrabri, New South Wales
MNG Mangalore, Victoria ND Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia
MNO Manado, Indonesia NE Singkep, Indonesia
MO Manapouri, New Zealand NF Norfolk I., Queensland
MO Moorea-Temae, French Pacific O.T. NGU Ngukurr, Northern Terr.
MOE Momote, PNG NHL Nhill, Victoria
MOF Maumere, Indonesia NI Kendari, Indonesia
MOG Mount Magnet, W Australia NI Nauru I., Nauru
MOR Moree, New South Wales NIE Nile (Launceston), Tasmania
MOR Moro, PNG NIS Sibu, Malaysia
MPA Minnipa, S Australia NK Nukunonu (Tokelau Is.), New Zealand
MQD Mount McQuoid, New South Wales NL Newlands (Wellington), New Zealand
MR Mare, New Caledonia NM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
MRB Moranbah, Queensland NMA Bima, Indonesia
MRW Morawa, W Australia NN Gorontalo, Indonesia
MRY Moruya, New South Wales NN Nadi, Fiji Is
MSO Mount Sandon, New South Wales NO Maumere, Indonesia
MTG Mount Gambier, S Australia NO Sawani (Nausori), Fiji Is
MTI Mornington Island, Queensland NP New Plymouth, New Zealand
MTM Mataram, Indonesia NR Napier, New Zealand
MTP Mount Hope, S Australia NR Waingapu, Indonesia
MWB Manado, Indonesia NRB Narembeen, W Australia
MYB Maryborough, Queensland NRC Naracoorte, S Australia
NRM Narromine, New South Wales OKT Ok Tedi, PNG

NS Nelson, New Zealand OL Balikpapan, Indonesia
NSM Norseman, W Australia ON Polonia, Indonesia
NTN Normanton, Queensland OOD Oodnadatta, S Australia
NU Niue, Niue OOM Moomba, S Australia
NV Invercargill, New Zealand OP Palu, Indonesia
NV Navua, Fiji Is OQ Padang, Indonesia
NW Pekanbaru, Indonesia OR Ohura, New Zealand
NW Tontouta (Noumea), New Caledonia ORG Orange, New South Wales
NWA Nowra, New South Wales OT Tarakan, Indonesia
NWN Newman, W Australia OU Banjarmasin, Indonesia
NX Jambi, Indonesia OU Oamaru, New Zealand
NY Warukin, Indonesia OW Palembang, Indonesia
NYA Natya, Victoria OX Pitu (Morotai), Indonesia
NYN Nyngan, New South Wales OY Bandung, Indonesia
NZ Banda Aceh, Indonesia OZ Kalijati, Indonesia
NZ Nadzab, PNG
P
O PAG Port Augusta, S Australia
OA Ouvea, New Caledonia PAL Palu, Indonesia
OA Rangiroa, French Pacific O.T. PB Bengkulu, Indonesia
OB Jakarta, Indonesia PBO Paraburdoo, W Australia
OC Semarang, Indonesia PD Port Hedland, W Australia
OF Yogyakarta, Indonesia PDG Padang, Indonesia
OH Ambon, Indonesia PEA Pearce, W Australia
OH Ohakea, New Zealand PEC Aeropelican, New South Wales
OI Ono-I-Lau, Tonga PF Parafield (Adelaide), S Australia
OI Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia PG Cakrabhuwana (Cirebon), Indonesia
OJ Makassar, Indonesia PH Perth, W Australia
OK El Tari, Indonesia PIY Pingelly, W Australia
OK Oakey, Queensland PKN Pangkalan Bun, Indonesia
PKP Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia R

PKS Parkes, New South Wales R Mataveri Intl (Isla De Pascua), Isla De
PKU Pekanbaru, Indonesia Pascua
PKY Palangkaraya, Indonesia RAN Rangiroa, French Pacific O.T.
PLA Paya Lebar (Singapore), Singapore RD Miranda, New Zealand
PLB Palembang, Indonesia REN Renmark, S Australia
PLC Port Lincoln, S Australia RG Rarotonga, Cook Is
PLE Plenty (Melbourne), Victoria RG Ruteng (Satartacik), Indonesia
PLO Point Lookout, New South Wales RI Bario, Malaysia
PM Palmerston North, New Zealand RIC Richmond, New South Wales
PMA Ambon, Indonesia RK Rockhampton, Queensland
PMQ Port Macquarie, New South Wales RM Rotuma, Fiji Is
PN Iskandar (Pangkalan bun), Indonesia RMD Richmond, Queensland
PN Manado, Indonesia RN Ranaj, Indonesia
PN Proserpine, Queensland RO Rotorua, New Zealand
PNG Penang, Malaysia ROC Melbourne Intl (Melbourne), Victoria
PNK Pontianak, Indonesia ROM Roma, Queensland
PO Bima, Indonesia RTI Rottnest I, W Australia
POD Portland, Victoria RU Raiatea, French Pacific O.T.
PP Paraparaumu, New Zealand RUG Rugby, New South Wales
PRE Parer (Port Moresby), PNG RY Mount Mary, New Zealand
PRL Parkerville (Perth), W Australia

S
PT Faaa (Tahiti I), French Pacific O.T.
SB Sibu, Malaysia
PU Papa Uniform (Singapore), Singapore
SBG Strathbogie, Victoria
PW Purwakarta, Indonesia
SBR Surabaya, Indonesia
PY Port Moresby, PNG
SCO Scone, New South Wales
Q SCR Southern Cross, W Australia
QDI Quirindi, New South Wales SEL Seletar (Singapore), Singapore
QN Queenstown, New Zealand SF Springfield (Whangarei), New Zealand
QQ Padang, Indonesia SFL Stonefield, S Australia

SGE Saint George, Queensland
SGT Singleton, New South Wales TGM Thargomindah, Queensland

SHT Shepparton, Victoria TGT The Granites, Northern Terr.
SJ Sinjon (Singapore), Singapore TH Touho, New Caledonia
SLO Solo, Indonesia TI Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia
SM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia TIB Tibooburra, New South Wales
SMI Smithton, Tasmania TKG Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
SN Sandakan, Malaysia TL Townsville, Queensland
SO Solo, Indonesia TM Taumarunui, New Zealand
SON Santo/Pekoa, Vanuatu TMK Timika, Indonesia
SP Sampit, Indonesia TMO THE MONUMENT, Queensland
SPG Simpsons Gap, Northern Terr. TN Tangerang, Indonesia
SPT Sampit, Indonesia TN Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr.
SRN Strahan, Tasmania TNG Tengah (Singapore), Singapore
STH Saint Helens, Tasmania TNG Thangool, Queensland
SU Sunshine Coast, Queensland TNK Tennant Creek, Northern Terr.
SUI Suai, Indonesia TO Lalos, Indonesia
SW Swampy (Dunedin), New Zealand TPB Temple Bar (Alice Springs), Northern
Terr.
SWH Swan Hill, Victoria
SY Surrey, New Zealand TPG Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia
SY Sydney, New South Wales TPN Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia

TR Ternate, Indonesia
T TR Tory, New Zealand
TAM Taroom, Queensland TRE Taree, New South Wales
TBD Tailem Bend, S Australia TRK Tarakan, Indonesia
TBU Fua'Amotu, Tonga TST Truscott, W Australia
TDL Tindal (Katherine), Northern Terr. TTR Tea Tree (Hobart), Tasmania
TEF Telfer, W Australia TTX Troughton I, W Australia
TF Bandar Lampung, Indonesia TU Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu),
TG Jakarta, Indonesia Malaysia
TG Tauranga, New Zealand TU Timaru, New Zealand
TG Temindung (Samarinda), Indonesia TUT Pago Pago, Amer Samoa

TV Vava'u, Tonga
TVL Townsville, Queensland VNO Vanimo, PNG

TW Tamworth, New South Wales VPG Penang, Malaysia
TWB Toowoomba, Queensland VPK Pekan (Kuantan), Malaysia
TWU Tawau, Malaysia VPL Langkawi (Langkawi I.), Malaysia
TY Titahi Bay (Wellington), New Zealand VPS Ipoh, Malaysia
U
VSI Sibu, Malaysia
UK Ua Huka, French Pacific O.T.
VSN Sandakan, Malaysia
V VTK Tekong (Singapore), Singapore
VAS Alor Star, Malaysia VTW Tawau, Malaysia
VBA Batu Arang, Malaysia VZU MULU, Malaysia

W
VGK Gong Kedak, Malaysia
VIH Ipoh, Malaysia
WB Woodbourne, New Zealand
VJB Johor Bahru, Malaysia
VJR Johor Bahru, Malaysia
VK Navakai (Nadi), Fiji Is
VKB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
VKE Kerteh, Malaysia
WG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
VKG Kuching, Malaysia
WG White Grass, Vanuatu
VKL Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
WGT Wangaratta, Victoria
VKN Kuantan, Malaysia
WHA Whyalla, S Australia
VKR Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
WI Waiuku, New Zealand
VKT Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
WJS Wee Jasper, New South Wales
VLB Labuan, Malaysia
WK Wewak, PNG
VLG Limbang, Malaysia
WK Whakatane, New Zealand
VLI Port Vila, Vanuatu
WKB Warracknabeal, Victoria
VMI Miri, Malaysia
WLE Williamsdale, New South Wales
VMK Malacca, Malaysia
WLG Walgett, New South Wales
VMR Mersing (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
WLM Williamtown (Newcastle), New South Z

Wales
ZF Timika, Indonesia
WLU Wiluna, W Australia
ZH Tanah Merah, Indonesia
WMD West Maitland, New South Wales
ZM Biak, Indonesia
WN Wellington, New Zealand
ZO Sorong, Indonesia
WO Wairoa, New Zealand
ZP Merauke, Indonesia
WOL Wollongong, New South Wales
ZQ Manokwari, Indonesia
WON Wonthaggi, Victoria
ZR Nabire, Indonesia
WP Weipa, Queensland
ZV Kaimana, Indonesia
WP Whenuapai (Auckland), New Zealand
ZW Wamena, Indonesia
WR Surabaya, Indonesia
ZX Oksibil, Indonesia
WR Whangarei, New Zealand
WR Woomera, S Australia LOCALIZERS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER
WS West Port, New Zealand I
WS Westport, New Zealand IAA Auckland (Auckland Intl), New Zealand
WTN Winton, Queensland IAB Albany, W Australia
WU Wanganui, New Zealand IAD Adelaide (Adelaide Intl), S Australia
WW Sultan M Badaruddin II (Palembang), IAM Amberley (Amberley Military), Queens-

Indonesia land
WWL West Wyalong, New South Wales IAMN Ambon (Pattimura), Indonesia
WYM Wyndham, W Australia IAP Apia (Faleolo Intl), W Samoa
WYY Wynyard, Tasmania IAS Alice Springs, Northern Terr.

IAS Alor Star (Sultan Abdul Halim), Malay-
X sia
XMX Christmas I, W Australia IAV Avalon, Victoria
IAV Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl), Cook Is
Y IBAC Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda), In-
YAS Yass, New South Wales donesia
YNG Young, New South Wales IBB Port Moresby (Jacksons), PNG
YW Eyrewell (Christchurch), New Zealand IBDM Banjarmasin (Syamsudin Noor), Indo-
nesia
YWE Yarrowee, Victoria
IBF Port Vila (Bauerfield), Vanuatu
YY Bandung, Indonesia
IBIK Biak (Frans Kaisiepo), Indonesia
IBKL Bengkulu (Fatmawati Soekarno), Indo- IGD Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia
nesia IHAL Jakarta (Halim Intl), Indonesia
IBPN Balikpapan (Sepinggan), Indonesia IHB Hobart, Tasmania
IBS Brisbane (Brisbane Intl), Queensland IHW Christchurch (Christchurch Intl), New
IBTM Batam (Hang Nadim), Indonesia Zealand
ICB Canberra, Australian Capital IIPA Isla De Pascua (Mataveri Intl), Isla De
Pascua
ICC Singapore (Changi), Singapore
IJB Johor Bahru (Senai Intl), Malaysia
ICE Singapore (Changi), Singapore
ICGL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia IJPA Jayapura (Sentani), Indonesia
ICGR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone- IKB Kota Bharu (Sultan Ismail Petra), Ma-
sia laysia
ICH Singapore (Changi), Singapore IKE Kerteh, Malaysia
ICH Christchurch (Christchurch Intl), New IKG Kuching (Kuching Intl), Malaysia
Zealand IKKM Malacca, Malaysia
ICHL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia
ICHR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
Shah-Subang), Malaysia
sia
IKN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
ICN Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
South Wales
ICS Cairns (Cairns Intl), Queensland
ICW Singapore (Changi), Singapore sia
IDN Darwin (Darwin Intl), Northern Terr. ILB Labuan I (Labuan), Malaysia
IDN Dunedin, New Zealand ILK Langkawi I. (Langkawi Intl), Malaysia
IEB Wellington (Wellington Intl), New Zea- ILMB Praya (Lombok Intl), Indonesia
land
IED Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military)), S
Australia
IMAK Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
IEL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
nesia
pang), Malaysia
IMDN Medan (Polonia), Indonesia
IEN Melbourne (Essendon), Victoria
IMG Auckland (Auckland Intl), New Zealand
IER Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
pang), Malaysia IMKB Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau Intl),
Indonesia
IES East Sale (East Sale (Military)), Victoria
IMN Dunedin, New Zealand ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia

IMNO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia ISLO Solo (Adi Soemarmo), Indonesia
IMR Miri, Malaysia ISN Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
South Wales
IMS Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria
ISU Sibu, Malaysia
IMW Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Victoria
ISW Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
INA Nowra (Nowra Military), New South
South Wales
Wales
ISY Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), New
INN Nadi (Nadi Intl), Fiji Is
South Wales
INO Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl), Cook Is
ITDO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia
IOH Ohakea (Ohakea (Military)), New Zea-
ITL Townsville (Townsville Intl), Queens-
land
land
IOK Oakey (Oakey (Military)), Queensland
IPC Pearce, W Australia
ITRK Tarakan (Juwata), Indonesia
IPE Pearce, W Australia
ITUT Pago Pago (Pago Pago Intl), Amer Sa-
IPG Penang I (Penang Intl), Malaysia moa
IPH Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia ITW Tamworth, New South Wales
IPKU Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II), In- ITWU Tawau, Malaysia
donesia
IUJP Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
IPLB Palembang (Sultan M Badaruddin II), nesia
Indonesia
IUPG Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
IPLR Palangka Raya (Tjilik Riwut), Indonesia nesia
IPN Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore IWG Port Moresby (Jacksons), PNG
IPN Perth (Perth Intl), W Australia IWG Wagga Wagga, New South Wales
IPNK Pontianak (Supadio), Indonesia IWI Auckland (Whenuapai (Military)), New
IPO Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah), Malaysia Zealand
IPS Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore IWL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
pang), Malaysia
IRI Richmond (Richmond (Military)), New
South Wales IWM Williamtown (Williamtown Military),
New South Wales
IRM Ohakea (Ohakea (Military)), New Zea-
land IWP Auckland (Whenuapai (Military)), New
Zealand
ISB Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz
Shah-Subang), Malaysia IWR Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
pang), Malaysia
ISBY Surabaya (Juanda), Indonesia
L
LT Noumea (Tontouta), New Caledonia
P
PT Tahiti I (Faaa), French Pacific O.T.
Radio Aids
Radio Data - Far East

RADIO DATA - FAR EAST 376
CAMBODIA
Decl
Battambang BB 484.0 H N13 05.5 E103 13.3 W001
Koh Kong KK 425.0 H N11 36.9 E103 00.0 W001
Mondulkiri MD 381.0 H N12 27.9 E107 11.6 W000
Phnom Penh PNH 114.3 V D U N11 32.6 E104 50.6 W001 56
Phnom Penh PNP 376.0 H N11 35.1 E104 53.1 W001
Ratanakiri RT 348.0 H N13 43.8 E106 59.2 W001 1063
Siem Reap SIR 441.0 H N13 24.0 E103 48.0 W001 59
Siem Reap SRE 113.8 V D H N13 24.5 E103 48.4 W001
Sihanouk KOS 116.0 V D U N10 35.4 E103 38.5 W001 10
Sihanouk SHV 405.0 H W N10 35.3 E103 38.5 W001
Stung Treng (Streung) ST 444.0 H N13 31.5 E106 00.9 W001 197
Phnom Penh (Phnom PNP 109.7 LOC RWY 23 E001

Penh Intl)
Siem Reap IREP 108.3 LOC RWY 05 W001
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Decl
Anyang SEL 115.5 V T U W N37 24.8 E126 55.7 W008 900
Busan PSN 114.0 V T U W N35 07.4 E129 00.0 W007 1900
Cheongju CHO 109.0 V D U N36 43.1 E127 29.6 W008 267
Chongju CHJ 110.5 T H N36 42.6 E127 29.7 W006 200
Choongwon JWN 111.3 T H N37 02.0 E127 53.5 W008 281
Chuchon CJ 360.0 H N37 53.2 E127 43.5 W008 245
Dalseong TGU 112.2 V T H N35 48.6 E128 35.5 W008
Donchon DOC 116.5 V D L N35 54.2 E128 38.5 W007
Gangwon KAE 115.6 V T U N37 42.0 E128 45.2 W008 3400
Gimhae KMH 113.8 V D U N35 11.9 E128 56.1 W007 42
Gimpo (Seoul) KIP 113.6 V D T W N37 33.5 E126 47.5 W008 59
Gunsan KUZ 112.8 V T U N35 54.6 E126 36.7 W007 22
Gwangju KWA 114.4 V D H N35 07.6 E126 48.7 W007 100
Gwangju KWJ 114.1 T H N35 07.2 E126 48.9 W007 100
Jedong (Jeju) JDG 117.9 V D T N33 23.5 E126 42.9 W006 1181
Jeju CJU 116.1 V T H N33 23.1 E126 37.4 W007 2800
Kangnung KAN 111.9 T H N37 45.5 E128 57.1 W007 18
Kangnung LC 257.0 H W N37 45.0 E128 57.0 W007
Kimhae (Busan) KHE 117.0 T H N35 10.9 E128 57.0 W007 13
Kwangju KC 325.0 H W N35 07.5 E126 48.7 W006
Mokpo MP 267.0 H N34 45.5 E126 22.9 W006
Muan MUN 111.0 V D U N34 58.2 E126 23.0 W007 85
NAVY (Pohang) NPH 109.6 V T U N35 59.2 E129 24.5 W007 117
Pohang KPO 112.5 V T U N35 58.6 E129 28.5 W008 839
Pohang UT 330.0 H W N35 58.7 E129 25.1 W006
Pyongtaek PTK 108.2 V D T W N36 58.1 E127 01.2 W007 50
Pyongtaek RE 381.0 H W N36 57.7 E127 01.8 W007
Sacheon (Chinju) SAC 115.1 V D U N35 05.9 E128 04.6 W007 38
Sachon SCN 110.0 T H N35 05.9 E128 04.7 W006 25
Seosan SAN 111.5 T H N36 42.5 E126 28.9 W007 40
Seoul KSM 113.0 V D U W N37 26.2 E127 06.6 W007 99
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Decl
Seoul SOL 111.2 T H N37 25.9 E127 06.1 W008 67
Sokcho SCH 111.0 V D U N38 08.9 E128 36.1 W008 100
Sokcho SK 378.0 H W N38 08.2 E128 35.9 W008
Songtan SOT 116.9 V T U N37 05.7 E127 01.9 W008 39
Suwon SWN 108.5 T H N37 14.4 E127 00.1 W007 86
Taegu TAG 117.8 T U N35 53.9 E128 38.5 W007 116
ULSAN US 335.0 H N35 34.6 E129 21.2 W007
Uljin UJN 115.3 V T L N36 46.6 E129 27.4 W008 175
Ulsan USN 111.4 V D U N35 35.9 E129 21.2 W008 69
Wonju HGS 110.2 V D L N37 28.5 E127 58.5 W008 500
Wonju WNJ 111.6 T L N37 28.4 E127 58.6 W008 500
Yangju YJU 114.9 V D L W N37 44.9 E126 59.5 W008
Yangyang YAG 110.6 V D T N38 03.8 E128 39.7 W008 400
Yecheon CUN 114.8 V D U N36 37.9 E128 19.5 W008 400
Yechon YC 367.0 H N36 37.8 E128 22.4 W007
Yechon YCN 108.9 T H N36 38.1 E128 22.0 W007 360
Yeosu YS 396.5 H W N34 50.7 E127 36.7 W007
Yong Dam (Jeju) YDM 109.0 V D U W N33 30.7 E126 29.3 W007 98
Busan (Gimhae Intl) IKMA 108.5 LOC RWY 36L W007

IKHE 109.5 LOC RWY 36R W007
Camp Humphreys IPTK 108.75 LOC RWY 32 W007
(A-511 (Desiderio AAF))
Cheongju (Cheongju Intl) ICHJ 110.3 LOC RWY 06L W008
ICHG 111.7 LOC RWY 24R W008
Daegu (Daegu Intl) ITGL 108.7 LOC RWY 13R W008
ITAG 108.7 LOC RWY 31L W008
IDAG 111.9 LOC RWY 31R W008
Gunsan (Gunsan AB) IVPR 110.3 LOC RWY 18 W007
IKUZ 110.3 LOC RWY 36 W007
Gwangju IMDG 111.1 LOC RWY 04R W007
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Decl
IMDH 108.5 LOC RWY 22L W007
Jeju (Jeju Intl) ICJU 109.9 LOC RWY 07 W007
ICHE 111.3 LOC RWY 25 W007
Jeju (Jeongseok) IJDG 108.3 LOC RWY 01 W006
Mokpo IMPO 110.7 LOC RWY 06 W006
Muan (Muan Intl) IMUN 111.9 LOC RWY 01 W007
IMAN 108.9 LOC RWY 19 W007
Osan (Osan AB) ININ 111.3 LOC RWY 09 W007
IOSN 111.3 LOC RWY 27 W007
Pohang IKPO 110.9 LOC RWY 10 W008
Sacheon ISAM 109.1 LOC RWY 06L W007
ISHA 108.1 LOC RWY 24R W007
Seoul (Gimpo Intl) ISEL 109.9 LOC RWY 14L W008
IOFR 108.7 LOC RWY 14R W008
IKMO 108.3 LOC RWY 32L W008
ISKP 110.7 LOC RWY 32R W008
Seoul (Seoul / Domestic) ISOL 110.9 LOC RWY 20 W008
Uljin IUJS 108.1 LOC RWY 17 W008
IUJN 108.1 LOC RWY 35 W008
Ulsan IULS 110.3 LOC RWY 36 W008
Yangyang (Yangyang IYAN 109.3 LOC RWY 33 W008
Intl)
Yecheon (Yecheon IYCH 109.3 LOC RWY 28 W008
Aero)
Yeosu IYSO 111.5 LOC RWY 17 W007
LAOS
Decl
Attopeu AP 212.0 H W N14 48.0 E106 49.0 W001
Boun Neua BN 200.0 H H N21 38.0 E101 53.0 W001 46
Houai Sai HOU 250.0 H N20 15.7 E100 26.2 W001 46
Luang Phabang BK 390.0 H N19 52.0 E102 06.5 W001 46
Luang Phabang LPB 116.6 V D H N19 54.7 E102 10.3 W001 963
Luangnamtha NTH 260.0 H N20 58.5 E101 24.2 W001 46
Oudomsay OUD 305.0 H N20 41.1 E101 59.6 W001 46
Pakse PAK 115.0 V D U N15 11.8 E105 44.3 W001 400
Pakse PS 220.0 H N15 07.8 E105 47.0 W001 46
Phonesavanh PHO 230.0 H N19 26.5 E103 08.1 W001 46
Samneua SAM 206.0 H N20 25.2 E104 04.1 W001 46
Saravane SAR 200.0 H N15 42.6 E106 24.7 W001
Savannakhet SAV 113.5 V D U N16 33.7 E104 46.0 W001 459
Savannakhet SAV 212.0 H W N16 33.2 E104 45.6 W001 459
Sayabouly SAY 365.0 H N19 14.5 E101 42.5 W001 46
Thangone VTG 405.0 H W N18 08.2 E102 38.0 E000
Vientiane VE 205.0 H N18 01.5 E102 31.5 W001 46
Vientiane VTN 117.5 V D H N18 00.6 E102 32.4 W001 598
Vientiane WY 389.0 H N18 00.3 E102 32.8 W001 46
Xiengkhuang THX 114.0 V D U N19 27.3 E103 10.9 W001
Luang Phabang (Luang ILPB 108.7 LOC RWY 23 W001

Phabang Intl)
Vientiane (Wattay Intl) IVTN 109.9 LOC RWY 13 W000
MALAYSIA
Decl
BRUNEI
Marudi MDI 404.0 H N04 10.9 E114 18.9 E000
MALAYSIA
Alor Star AT 385.0 H W N06 09.6 E100 22.3 E000
Alor Star VAS 113.6 V D U W N06 11.1 E100 23.8 E000 15
Bario RI 322.5 H N03 43.8 E115 28.8 E001 3350
Batu Arang VBA 114.7 V D U W N03 19.5 E101 27.4 E000 359
Batu Pahat (Johor BP 276.0 H W N01 51.0 E102 56.1 W001
Bahru)
Bintulu BTU 368.0 H W N03 06.1 E113 01.5 E001 128
Bintulu BU 304.0 H W N03 11.0 E113 02.0 E001 107
Bintulu VBU 112.6 V D U N03 09.2 E113 00.8 E001 23
Butterworth BTR 113.3 T H N05 28.3 E100 23.7 E000 8
Butterworth VBT 113.3 V T H N05 28.6 E100 23.7 E000 8
Caledonian (Kuala CE 205.0 H W N03 17.7 E101 27.1 W000
Lumpur)
Gong Kedak GK 520.0 H N05 47.9 E102 29.4 W001 20
Gong Kedak VGK 116.6 V T U N05 47.8 E102 28.7 W001
Ipoh IP 320.0 H W N04 34.2 E101 06.1 E000 236
Ipoh VIH 117.3 V D H W N04 34.4 E101 05.6 E000 117
Ipoh VPS 112.8 V H W N04 28.9 E101 00.9 E000
Jaybee (Johor Bahru) JB 400.0 H W N01 30.0 E103 42.7 W001
Johor Bahru JR 245.0 H W N01 40.4 E103 39.5 E000
Johor Bahru VJB 112.5 V D U N01 39.8 E103 39.7 E000 141
Johor Bahru VJR 112.7 V D U W N01 43.8 E103 37.3 E000 410
Kayell (Kuala Lumpur) KL 255.0 H W N03 00.7 E101 37.2 W000
Kerteh VKE 117.1 V D U W N04 32.9 E103 25.4 E000 18
Kluang AP 331.0 H W N02 02.6 E103 18.4 E001
Kong Kong (Johor KK 286.0 H W N01 31.3 E103 59.4 E000
Bahru)
Kota Bharu KB 240.0 H W N06 10.5 E102 15.3 E000
MALAYSIA
Decl
Kota Bharu VKB 112.3 V D U N06 09.8 E102 18.9 E000 40
Kuala Lumpur NM 338.0 H M W N03 12.0 E101 30.5 E000
Kuala Lumpur SM 355.0 H W N03 05.3 E101 34.5 E000
Kuala Lumpur VKL 116.1 V D U N02 43.5 E101 44.3 W000 250
Kuala Terengganu VKR 112.9 V D U N05 21.6 E103 04.9 W000 38
Kuala Terengganu VKT 115.4 V D U N05 23.2 E103 06.2 W000 19
Kuantan VKN 113.7 V T U W N03 46.4 E103 12.7 W000 58
Kuching VKG 114.5 V D U N01 28.4 E110 18.7 E001 89
Labuan VLB 116.3 V D U N05 17.4 E115 15.5 E000 115
Lahad Datu LHD 334.0 H W N05 01.5 E118 20.4 E000 95
Langkawi (Langkawi I.) VPL 114.1 V D U N06 21.3 E099 44.8 W000 29
Limbang VLG 113.4 V D U N04 47.8 E115 00.1 E001
MULU VZU 112.8 V D H N04 02.0 E114 47.7 E001 202
Malacca MC 362.0 H W N02 12.5 E102 13.3 W000
Malacca VMK 117.4 V D U N02 15.5 E102 14.8 W000 35
Mersing (Johor Bahru) VMR 116.8 V D U W N02 23.3 E103 52.3 W001 10
Miri MYY 209.0 H W N04 18.0 E113 58.6 E001
Miri VMI 112.4 V D U N04 20.3 E113 59.7 E001
Mulu MZU 505.0 H N04 02.0 E114 47.9 E001
Pekan (Kuantan) VPK 115.6 V D U N03 23.0 E103 25.4 E000
Penang PNG 406.0 H L W N05 19.6 E100 18.1 E000
Penang VPG 116.2 V D T W N05 16.8 E100 15.6 E000 12
Sandakan SN 340.0 H H W N05 53.6 E117 59.8 E000
Sandakan VSN 114.0 V D U N05 54.2 E118 04.5 E000 46
Sibu NIS 203.0 H N02 14.9 E112 00.1 E001 162
Sibu SB 352.0 H W N02 20.6 E111 49.1 E002
Sibu VSI 112.2 V D U N02 14.8 E112 00.2 E001 155
Tawau TWU 278.0 H W N04 18.0 E118 06.0 E000 57
Tawau VTW 115.6 V D U W N04 19.5 E118 08.4 E000 65
MALAYSIA
Decl
Alor Star (Sultan Abdul IAS 111.7 LOC RWY 04 E000
Halim)
Bintulu ILU 108.7 LOC RWY 17 E001
Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah) IPO 110.5 LOC RWY 04 E000
Johor Bahru (Senai Intl) IJB 109.9 LOC RWY 16 E000
Kerteh IKE 108.7 LOC RWY 34 E000
Kota Bharu (Sultan IKB 109.3 LOC RWY 10 W000
Ismail Petra)
Kota Kinabalu IKKP 108.1 LOC RWY 02 E000
Kuala Lumpur (Kuala IEL 108.5 LOC RWY 14L W000
Lumpur Intl - Sepang)
IWR 110.7 LOC RWY 14R W000
IWL 111.9 LOC RWY 32L W000
IER 109.1 LOC RWY 32R W000
Kuala Lumpur (Sultan ISB 110.3 LOC RWY 15 E000
Abdul Aziz Shah-
Subang)
IKL 109.9 LOC RWY 33 E000
Kuantan (Sultan Ahmad IKN 109.5 LOC RWY 36 W000
Shah)
Kuching (Kuching Intl) IKG 110.3 LOC RWY 25 E001
Labuan I (Labuan) ILB 111.1 LOC RWY 14 E000
Langkawi I. (Langkawi ILK 110.7 LOC RWY 03 W001
Intl)
Malacca IKKM 111.7 LOC RWY 03 W000
Miri IMR 110.1 LOC RWY 02 E001
Penang I (Penang Intl) IPG 109.9 LOC RWY 04 E000
Sandakan ISKN 109.3 LOC RWY 08 E000
Sibu ISU 110.5 LOC RWY 13 E001
Tawau ITWU 111.3 LOC RWY 24 E000
MYANMAR
Decl
Anisakan AS 345.0 H W N21 57.3 E096 24.2 W001
Ann AN 385.0 H W N19 46.2 E094 01.8 W001
Bagan BGN 335.0 H W N21 10.6 E094 55.7 W001
Bago BGO 112.6 V D U N17 19.1 E096 31.2 W001 38
Banmaw BM 320.0 H W N24 16.2 E097 14.9 W001 360
Dawei DWI 112.0 V D H W N14 06.0 E098 12.5 W001 98
Dawei DWI 310.0 H W N14 06.0 E098 12.0 W001 84
Heho HHO 360.0 H W N20 44.6 E096 47.7 W001 3858
Hlegu HGU 112.3 V D H W N17 04.8 E096 15.0 W001 49
Hommalinn HL 255.0 H W N24 53.7 E094 54.8 W001
Hpa-An PA 365.0 H W N16 53.5 E097 40.5 W001
Hpa-pun PP 280.0 H W N18 04.1 E097 26.8 W001 300
Kalay KL 225.0 H W N23 11.3 E094 03.7 W001 100
Kanti KI 230.0 H W N25 59.4 E095 40.7 W001
Kawthoung KT 290.0 H H W N10 03.0 E098 32.4 W001
Kengtung KG 400.0 H W N21 18.2 E099 37.8 W001 2800
Kyaukpyu KP 250.0 H W N19 25.8 E093 32.2 W001
Lashio LSO 116.8 V D H W N22 58.8 E097 45.3 W001 2522
Lashio LSO 370.0 H W N22 58.7 E097 45.3 W001 2450
Loikaw LK 295.0 H W N19 41.4 E097 12.8 W001 2950
Magway MW 305.0 H W N20 09.7 E094 58.5 W001
Mandalay MDY 112.8 V D H W N21 56.1 E096 07.8 W001
Mandalay MIA 116.3 V D H N21 42.7 E095 58.8 W001
Mandalay MIA 259.0 H N21 41.3 E095 59.2 W001 300
Mawlamyine MM 330.0 H W N16 26.6 E097 39.5 W001
Meiktila MKT 350.0 H W N20 56.1 E095 54.8 W001 700
Meiktila MNA 260.0 H W N20 54.0 E095 52.0 W001
Mingaladon (Yangon) MDS 397.0 H L W N16 52.1 E096 06.4 W001 109
Momeik MO 220.0 H W N23 05.5 E096 39.2 W001
Mong-Hsat MS 312.0 H W N20 31.0 E099 15.4 W001
Myeik ME 300.0 H W N12 27.0 E098 37.2 W001 75
MYANMAR
Decl
Myitkyina MK 275.0 H W N25 23.0 E097 21.4 W001
Myitkyina/Nampong MKA 410.0 H W N25 21.0 E097 16.8 W001
Namsang NS 240.0 H W N20 53.2 E097 44.0 W001 3100
Naypyitaw NPT 113.7 V D H N19 37.6 E096 11.7 W001
Naypyitaw NT 390.0 H W N19 38.0 E096 12.1 W001
Pathein PTN 115.6 V D H W N16 48.8 E094 46.3 W001
Pathein PTN 415.0 H W N16 48.8 E094 46.8 W001
Putao PT 340.0 H W N27 19.6 E097 25.4 W001
Sittwe SW 216.0 H W N20 08.0 E092 53.0 W001
Tachileik TL 375.0 H W N20 29.0 E099 56.1 W001
Taungoo TGO 315.0 H N19 00.5 E096 24.1 W001
Taungoo TGU 115.1 V D H W N19 03.4 E096 24.1 W001
Thandwe TD 270.0 H H W N18 27.3 E094 18.1 W001
Yangon YGN 265.0 H W N17 04.7 E096 14.3 W001
Mandalay (Mandalay IMIA 110.5 LOC RWY 17 W001

Intl)
Naypyitaw INPT 110.1 LOC RWY 16 W001
Yangon (Yangon Intl) IYGN 109.9 LOC RWY 21 W001
SINGAPORE
Decl
Bedok (Singapore) BED 232.0 H L W N01 19.0 E103 57.8 E000
Papa Uniform (Singa- PU 115.1 V D U N01 25.4 E103 56.0 E000 190
pore)
Paya Lebar (Singapore) PLA 116.3 T H N01 22.4 E103 54.9 E000 65
Seletar (Singapore) SEL 220.0 H W N01 24.8 E103 52.2 E001
Sembawang (Singapore) AG 325.0 H W N01 25.4 E103 49.4 W001
Sinjon (Singapore) SJ 113.5 V D U N01 13.4 E103 51.3 E000 194
Tekong (Singapore) VTK 116.5 V D U W N01 24.9 E104 01.3 E000 150
Tengah (Singapore) TNG 113.9 T H N01 23.6 E103 42.7 E000 50
Singapore (Changi) ICE 108.3 LOC RWY 02C E000

ICW 110.9 LOC RWY 02L E000
ICC 109.7 LOC RWY 20C E000
ICH 108.9 LOC RWY 20R E000
Singapore (Paya Lebar) IPN 109.3 LOC RWY 02 E000
IPS 111.5 LOC RWY 20 E000
TAIWAN
Decl
Anbu (Taipei) AP 250.0 H W N25 10.6 E121 31.4 W004
Anbu (Taipei) APU 112.5 V D U N25 10.6 E121 31.3 W004 3546
Chiayi CHI 111.8 T H N23 27.8 E120 23.1 W003 82
Chiayi KU 525.0 H N23 35.1 E120 23.4 W003
Chin Men KIN 109.2 T H N24 25.5 E118 20.9 W002 30
Cingcyuangang CCK 111.3 T H N24 15.8 E120 37.1 W002 665
Cingcyuangang (Tai- TCK 108.4 D T N24 15.2 E120 37.1 663
chung)
Hengchun HCN 113.7 V T U N21 55.7 E120 50.6 W003 421
Hengchun KT 425.0 H L N22 02.6 E120 43.8 W002
Hengchun KTG 112.7 D U N22 02.6 E120 43.8 46
Hengchun KW 415.0 H H W N21 55.9 E120 50.3 W003
Houlong HL 362.0 H W N24 33.8 E120 43.8 W004
Houlong HLG 114.0 V T U N24 33.6 E120 43.6 W004 46
Hsinchu HSU 116.3 T H N24 49.3 E120 56.3 W003 25
Hsinshie WK 340.0 H N24 14.0 E120 49.4 W003
Hualien HLN 108.6 T H N24 01.7 E121 37.0 W003 131
Hualien YU 380.0 H H W N24 01.1 E121 37.6 W003
Jhihben (Taitung) JBT 108.2 D T N22 42.5 E121 05.7 143
Kangshan AY 265.0 H M N22 51.3 E120 15.7 W002
Keelung LU 357.0 H L W N25 08.4 E121 48.1 W003
Kinmen BS 345.0 H W N24 25.6 E118 20.9 W003
Kueijen MR 312.0 H N22 58.7 E120 17.4 W003
LANYU LYU 108.9 D H N22 04.6 E121 30.5 678
Lanyu LY 350.0 H N22 04.6 E121 30.5 W003
Ludao (Taitung) GI 300.0 H W N22 40.6 E121 29.0 W003
Ludao (Taitung) GID 116.9 V T U N22 40.3 E121 29.2 W003 650
Lungtang RA 202.0 H N24 51.7 E121 15.2 W003
MATSU PK 275.0 H N26 13.5 E120 00.0 W004 55
MATSU PKN 109.7 D U N26 13.5 E120 00.0 55
TAIWAN
Decl
MFNN (Taitung) MFN 110.9 D T N22 45.2 E121 05.6 98
N
Magong BM 290.0 H W N23 31.2 E119 36.5 W003
Magong (Penghu I.) MKG 115.2 V D U W N23 35.7 E119 38.2 W003 122
Matsu MT 210.0 H N26 12.1 E119 58.1 W003
Matsu MTS 112.7 D U N26 12.1 E119 58.1 59
NANGAN NK 315.0 H N26 09.6 E119 57.4 W004
NANGAN NKN 110.1 D H N26 09.6 E119 57.4 41
Pingtung DC 215.0 H M N22 40.3 E120 25.6 W003 166
Pingtung DCP 113.5 D U N22 40.3 E120 25.6 190
Pingtung PIT 109.6 T H N22 40.2 E120 27.6 W003 103
Sigang NNN 109.8 D H N23 08.1 E120 12.4 93
Sigang (Tainan) NN 375.0 H W N23 07.5 E120 12.1 W003
Sigang (Tainan) TNN 113.3 V T U W N23 08.1 E120 12.4 W003 42
Songshan HC 108.3 D U N25 03.9 E121 37.9 18
Tainan TWS 115.4 T H N22 57.0 E120 12.3 W002 53
Taipei LKU 114.5 T H N25 04.6 E121 25.6 W003 359
Taipei O 295.0 H L W N25 03.9 E121 37.9 W003
Taipei SW 385.0 H L W N24 59.7 E121 29.4 W003
Taipei TIA 114.3 V D U W N25 05.3 E121 14.0 W004 80
Taitung TTG 113.8 T H N22 48.2 E121 11.1 W002 121
Taitung ZN 430.0 H M N22 45.6 E121 09.5 W002
Taoyuan TYN 115.8 T H N25 03.8 E121 14.7 W003 147
Chiayi (Chiayi Aero) IKUI 110.3 LOC RWY 18 W003

ICHI 109.9 LOC RWY 36 W003
Hsinchu (Hsinchu Aero) IHSU 108.7 LOC RWY 05 W004
Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung IKHG 108.3 LOC RWY 09 W003
Intl)
IKAS 109.7 LOC RWY 27 W003
Kinmen ICKM 108.9 LOC RWY 06 W003
TAIWAN
Decl
ICMN 108.5 LOC RWY 24 W003
Magong IMKG 109.1 LOC RWY 02 W003
Matsu (Beigan) IBGS 109.5 LOC RWY 03 W004
IBGN 109.5 LOC RWY 21 W004
Taichung (Cingcyuan- ITCG 111.7 LOC RWY 18 W003
gang)
ICCK 111.5 LOC RWY 36 W003
Tainan (Tainan Aero) ITNN 110.1 LOC RWY 36R W003
Taipei (Songshan) LK 335.0 LO N25 04.7 E121 25.1 W003
ITSG 108.9 LOC RWY 10 W004
ITLU 108.1 LOC RWY 28 W004
Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan ITIA 111.1 LOC RWY 05L W004
Intl)
ICKS 110.7 LOC RWY 05R W004
ICJN 111.9 LOC RWY 23L W004
ITYA 109.3 LOC RWY 23R W004
Taitung (Fongnian) IFNN 110.9 LOC RWY 04 W003
THAILAND
Decl
Bangkok BKK 117.7 V D U W N13 53.6 E100 35.8 E000 54
Buri Ram BRM 117.2 V D U N15 14.4 E103 15.5 W000 600
Burirum BR 303.0 H B N15 14.3 E103 15.2 W000
CHUMPHON CP 279.0 H W N10 43.1 E099 22.0 W000
Chiang Mai CHM 116.2 T H N18 46.3 E098 58.2 W000 1063
Chiang Mai CMA 116.9 V D U W N18 46.0 E098 57.7 W001 1043
Chiang Rai CT 277.0 H B N19 57.6 E099 53.0 W000
Chiang Rai CTR 116.5 V D U N19 56.9 E099 53.0 W000 1295
Chum Phae CMP 112.9 V D U N16 38.1 E101 59.3 E001 650
Chumpon CPN 110.0 V D U W N10 42.7 E099 21.9 W000 18
Hat Yai HTY 115.3 V D U N06 56.0 E100 23.3 W000 123
Hat Yai HY 328.0 H W N06 56.2 E100 23.3 W000 89
Hua Hin HHN 113.3 V D H N12 38.1 E099 57.1 W000 10
Hua Hin HN 213.0 H W N12 38.7 E099 56.8 W001 10
Kamphaeng Saen KPS 114.5 V D U W N14 09.9 E099 57.3 W000 579
(Nakhon Pathom)
Kamphaeng Saen KPS 115.1 T H N14 05.9 E099 54.9 W000 30
(Nakhon Pathom)
Kamphaeng Saen KPS 251.0 H W N14 10.1 E099 57.6 W000 30
(Nakhon Pathom)
Khon Kaen KKN 114.9 V D U W N16 28.2 E102 47.3 E000 660
Khon Kaen KN 393.0 H B N16 27.7 E102 47.1 W000
Khorat (Nakhon Ratcha- KRT 113.7 V D U N14 55.0 E102 08.4 W000 729
sima)
Khorat (Nakhon Ratcha- KRT 117.8 T H N14 56.0 E102 05.0 W000 729
sima)
Krabi KB 299.0 H N08 06.3 E098 58.5 W001
Krabi KBI 111.0 V D H W N08 06.5 E098 58.7 W000 93
LOB (Bangkok) LOB 116.8 T L N14 52.6 E100 39.6 E000 9
Lampang LP 395.0 H W N18 16.7 E099 30.4 E000 794
Lampang LPN 114.7 V D U N18 16.6 E099 30.1 E000 794
Loei LOY 115.9 V D U W N17 26.8 E101 43.4 W000 859
THAILAND
Decl
Loei LY 325.0 H W N17 26.9 E101 43.6 W000
Lop Buri LB 280.0 H W N14 52.3 E100 39.3 W000
Mae Hong Son MH 384.0 H W N19 17.9 E097 58.5 W001 712
Mae Hong Son MHS 115.5 V D U W N19 19.2 E097 54.7 W001 2000
Mae Sot (Tak) MS 316.0 H W N16 42.1 E098 32.4 W000 643
Mae Sot (Tak) MST 116.7 V D U N16 41.9 E098 32.5 E000 646
Nakhon Phanom NKP 111.6 V D U W N17 23.3 E104 38.3 W000 579
Nakhon Phanom NP 383.0 H N17 23.5 E104 38.6 E000
Nakhon Ratchasima KR 399.0 H M W N14 57.4 E102 18.9 W000 738
Nakhon Ratchasima NKR 110.2 V D U W N14 56.8 E102 18.7 W000 738
Nakhon Si Thammarat NKS 117.4 V D L N08 32.5 E099 56.8 W000 13
Nakhon Si Thammart NK 289.0 H B N08 32.8 E099 56.4 W000 13
Nan NAN 115.7 V D U N18 48.5 E100 47.0 E000 702
Nan NN 355.0 H B N18 48.4 E100 47.2 W000 659
Narathiwat BTN 115.2 T U N06 31.4 E101 44.7 W001 18
Narathiwat NT 383.0 H M W N06 31.3 E101 44.9 W001
Narathiwat NTW 116.3 V D U N06 31.6 E101 44.7 W001 200
Pattani PT 201.0 H W N06 47.3 E101 08.9 E000
Phetchabun PC 283.0 H W N16 39.6 E101 11.4 W000 449
Phetchabun PCB 115.4 V D U W N16 40.6 E101 11.8 W000 449
Phetchabun PH 283.0 H N16 39.7 E101 11.4 E000 10
Phitsanulok PL 263.0 H W N16 47.8 E100 16.5 W000 164
Phitsanulok PSL 114.1 V D U W N16 46.2 E100 17.5 W000 159
Phitsanulok PSL 115.2 T H N16 47.6 E100 16.7 W000 165
Phrae PAE 111.8 V D U W N18 08.0 E100 10.0 W000 535
Phrae PR 340.0 H B N18 07.8 E100 09.7 W000
Phuket PUT 116.9 V D U N08 06.9 E098 18.4 W001 69
Prachin Buri PB 201.0 H W N14 07.1 E101 22.3 W000
Prachuap Khiri Khan PCK 113.7 T H N11 48.1 E099 48.8 W000 16
Prachuap Khiri Khan PCK 320.0 H W N11 47.3 E099 48.6 W000 16
Ranong RAN 113.4 V D U N09 46.7 E098 35.0 W000 75
THAILAND
Decl
Ranong RN 375.0 H N09 47.0 E098 35.5 W001
Rayong RYN 112.5 V D U W N12 46.8 E101 40.7 E000 60
Roi Et RE 319.0 H B N16 06.6 E103 46.7 E000
Roi Et ROT 111.2 V D L W N16 07.0 E103 46.3 W000
SA Pran Nak (Lop Buri) SPN 117.3 V U W N14 56.9 E100 38.7 W000
Sakon Nakhon SKN 114.2 V D U N17 12.8 E104 08.2 W001 550
Sakon Nakhon SN 365.0 H M B N17 11.8 E104 06.9 W001 563
Samui SMU 117.6 V D H W N09 32.8 E100 03.7 W000 79
Songkhla SK 410.0 H W N07 11.2 E100 36.8 E000
Songkhla SKL 113.5 V D H W N07 11.3 E100 36.3 W001 12
Sukhothai THS 110.3 D U N17 14.1 E099 49.1 181
Sukhothai THS 292.0 H N17 14.1 E099 49.3 W000
Surat Thani SR 338.0 H B N09 08.0 E099 08.7 E000
Surat Thani SRT 113.2 T U N09 07.9 E099 08.1 W000 19
Surat Thani STN 110.6 V D U N09 07.8 E099 08.1 W000 19
Suvarnabhumi (Bang- SVB 111.4 V D U N13 39.5 E100 43.9 W001
kok)
Tak TK 332.0 H L N16 54.0 E099 15.1 W001
Takhli TKL 114.8 T H N15 16.5 E100 18.0 W001 125
Takhli TL 350.0 H W N15 16.1 E100 17.9 W001 107
Trang TR 248.0 H L W N07 30.7 E099 37.2 E000
Trang TRN 116.6 V D U N07 30.5 E099 37.6 E000 50
Trat TRT 109.9 D T N12 16.5 E102 18.8 98
Trat TRT 384.0 H N12 16.5 E102 18.8 W001 79
U-Tapao BUT 110.8 V D T W N12 40.0 E101 00.0 W000 20
U-Tapao BUT 115.8 T U N12 40.5 E101 00.4 W000 75
U-Taphao UP 414.0 H W N12 39.7 E100 59.7 W000
Ubon (Ubon Ratcha- UB 373.0 H B N15 14.4 E104 51.8 W000 405
thani)
Ubon (Ubon Ratcha- UBL 112.7 V D H W N15 14.7 E104 52.0 W000
thani)
THAILAND
Decl
Ubon (Ubon Ratcha- UBL 114.6 T H N15 15.7 E104 53.2 W000 405
thani)
Udon Thani UD 236.0 H B N17 23.3 E102 46.2 W001
Udon Thani UDN 113.9 T U N17 22.9 E102 48.1 W001 579
Udon Thani UDN 114.3 V D U N17 23.1 E102 46.5 W000
Watthana Nakhon WN 270.0 H W N13 46.1 E102 18.7 W000
Bangkok (Don Mueang IBKD 109.7 LOC RWY 03L E000

Intl)
IDMG 110.3 LOC RWY 21L E000
BK 293.0 LO N13 59.7 E100 39.1 E000
IBKK 109.3 LOC RWY 21R E000
OM N13 59.7 E100 39.1
Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi ISWS 109.1 LOC RWY 01L W001
Intl)
ISES 110.1 LOC RWY 01R W001
ISEN 110.5 LOC RWY 19L W001
ISWN 109.5 LOC RWY 19R W001
Buri Ram IBRM 109.3 LOC RWY 04 W000
Chiang Mai (Chiang Mai ICMA 109.9 LOC RWY 36 W001
Intl)
Chiang Rai (Chiang Rai ICTR 109.5 LOC RWY 03 W001
Intl)
Chumphon ICPN 109.9 LOC RWY 24 W000
Krabi IKBI 110.1 LOC RWY 32 W001
Lampang ILPN 109.7 LOC RWY 36 W000
Nakhon Pathom (Kam- IKPS 109.9 LOC RWY 21 W000
phaeng Saen)
OM N14 10.1 E099 57.6
Nakhon Phanom INKP 109.7 LOC RWY 15 W000
Nakhon Ratchasima IKRT 109.9 LOC RWY 24 W000
(Khorat)
Nakhon Ratchasima INKR 109.7 LOC RWY 06 W000
THAILAND
Decl
Nakhon Si Thammarat INKS 109.7 LOC RWY 01 W000
Nan INAN 110.3 LOC RWY 02 W000
Narathiwat INTW 110.1 LOC RWY 02 W000
Phetchabun IPCB 109.1 LOC RWY 36 W000
Phitsanulok IPSL 110.1 LOC RWY 32 W001
Phuket (Phuket Intl) IPKT 109.9 LOC RWY 27 W001
Ranong IRAN 110.5 LOC RWY 02 W000
Rayong (U-Tapao Pat- IBUT 111.1 LOC RWY 18 W001
taya Intl)
Roi Et IROT 109.5 LOC RWY 36 E000
Sakon Nakhon ISKN 110.3 LOC RWY 23 W000
Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl) IHTY 109.9 LOC RWY 26 W000
Sukhothai ISKT 109.5 LOC RWY 36 W000
Surat Thani ISTN 109.5 LOC RWY 22 W001
Trang ITRN 110.3 LOC RWY 08 W000
Ubon Ratchathani IUBL 110.1 LOC RWY 23 W000
Udon Thani IUDN 110.1 LOC RWY 30 W001
VIETNAM
Decl
Anloc AC 320.0 H W N10 56.3 E107 11.3 E000
BUON ME THOUT BMT 112.1 V D U W N12 40.0 E108 07.4 W001 1759
Buonmathuot BU 386.0 H W N12 40.2 E108 02.5 W001
Buonmathuot HT 370.0 H N12 40.1 E108 05.9 W001
Ca Mau QL 305.0 H N09 10.6 E105 10.6 W000 7
Cam Ranh CR 414.0 H N12 00.0 E109 13.0 W000 56
Cam Ranh CRA 116.5 V D U N11 59.7 E109 13.2 W000 25
Can Tho TRN 113.2 V D H N10 05.0 E105 42.3 W000
Cantho M 408.0 H N10 05.6 E105 43.7 E000
Cantho MT 244.0 H N10 07.2 E105 46.4 E000 10
Cantho PL 244.0 H N10 02.8 E105 38.8 E000 10
Cat Bi (HAIPHONG) CAB 115.1 V D U W N20 49.1 E106 43.7 W001 13
Catbi (Haiphong) BK 274.0 H N20 48.1 E106 39.5 W001
Chu Lai CQ 300.0 H W N15 24.7 E108 42.3 W001
Conson CN 375.0 H W N08 44.0 E106 37.6 E000
Conson CS 333.0 H W N08 44.0 E106 37.6 E000
Da Nang DAN 114.4 V D U N16 03.2 E108 11.9 W001 62
Da Nang DJ 212.0 H W N15 58.7 E108 12.4 W001
Dalat DL 330.0 H W N11 44.9 E108 15.9 W000 39
Dienbien DB 380.0 H W N21 23.8 E103 00.6 W001
Dienbien DIB 113.6 V D U N21 23.8 E103 00.3 W001
Dong Hoi DOH 116.2 V D H N17 31.0 E106 35.6 W001 62
Gialam (Hanoi) AM 294.0 H N20 59.3 E105 51.7 W001
Haiphong B 327.0 H N20 48.8 E106 41.9 W001
Lien Khuong LKH 112.3 V D H N11 45.3 E108 21.3 W000 3130
Mocchau MC 514.0 H W N20 49.7 E104 42.0 W001
Nam Dinh HL 304.0 H N20 23.3 E106 07.3 W001
Namha (Hanoi) NAH 115.5 V D U N20 23.2 E106 07.1 W001 350
Nasan BQ 349.0 H W N21 12.9 E104 02.3 W001
Noi Bai (Hanoi) KW 320.0 H M W N21 14.3 E105 44.7 W001
Noi Bai (Hanoi) NOB 116.1 V D U N21 12.8 E105 50.1 W001 39
VIETNAM
Decl
PLEIKU PLK 113.4 V D H N14 00.4 E108 01.5 E001
Phanthiet PTH 114.1 V D U N10 55.7 E108 04.3 E000 200
Phu Bai (HUE) HUE 115.8 V D U N16 24.1 E107 42.1 W001 62
Phu Bai (HUE) P 348.0 H W N16 23.9 E107 43.5 W001 48
Phu Bai (HUE) PB 440.0 H W N16 23.8 E107 46.3 W001 48
Phu Cat PC 250.0 H N13 51.9 E109 06.4 W001
Phu Cat PCA 116.3 V D U N13 57.4 E109 02.6 W001 110
Phu Quoc PQU 113.0 V D L N10 09.9 E104 02.3 W000
Phu Quoc ZDG 115.2 V D H N10 13.6 E103 57.6 W000
Phucat C 388.0 H N13 56.0 E109 03.6 W001
Phuquoc PQ 278.0 H W N10 13.4 E103 57.7 E000
Pleiku PK 282.0 H W N14 00.4 E108 00.5 W000
Rach Gia RG 335.0 H N09 57.7 E105 08.4 W001
Tansonnhat (Hochiminh) GN 343.0 H W N10 49.6 E106 40.7 W000
Tansonnhat (Hochiminh) SG 326.0 H W N10 51.3 E106 45.1 W000
Tansonnhat (Hochiminh) TD 358.0 H N10 51.5 E106 45.1 W000
Tansonnhat (Hochiminh) TSN 116.7 V D U W N10 49.0 E106 38.7 W000 33
Tuyhoa TH 200.0 H N13 02.7 E109 20.1 W000
VINH VIN 113.1 V D U N18 44.0 E105 40.1 W001 20
Vinh X 448.0 H W N18 45.4 E105 40.3 W000
Vinh XW 218.0 H W N18 47.4 E105 40.0 E000
Vinhphuc (Hanoi) VPH 113.9 V D H N21 16.6 E105 36.1 W001
Vung Tau VTV 114.7 V U N10 22.4 E107 05.7 W001 13
Vungtau VT 291.0 H W N10 20.6 E107 06.0 E000
Vungtau XVL 235.0 H W N10 22.0 E107 05.0 W000
Can Tho (Can Tho Intl) ICT 109.3 LOC RWY 06 W000
Da Nang (Da Nang Intl) DAD 110.5 LOC RWY 35L W001
IDR 111.5 LOC RWY 35R W001
HUE (Phu Bai Intl) PBA 109.5 LOC RWY 27 W001
Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl) NB 110.5 LOC RWY 11L W001
VIETNAM
Decl
OM N21 14.3 E105 44.7
NBA 108.3 LOC RWY 11R W001
Hochiminh (Tansonnhat) SGN 108.3 LOC RWY 25L W000
HCM 110.5 LOC RWY 25R W000
Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc IPQ 108.1 LOC RWY 10 W000
Intl)
IPH 108.7 LOC RWY 28 W000
NAVIGATION AIDS LISTED BY IDENTIFIER - FAR EAST
A AWE Asahikawa, Japan

AA Atambua, Indonesia AY Kangshan, Taiwan
ABD Abdulrachman (Malang), Indonesia
B
AC Anloc, Vietnam
B Haiphong, Vietnam
AD Rengat, Indonesia
BA Bagabang, Philippines
AG Sembawang (Singapore), Singapore
AHT Ashiya, Japan
BAC Banda Aceh, Indonesia
AJA Mount Macajna (Guam), Guam
BB Basa (Floridablanca), Philippines
AJE Awaji, Japan
BB Battambang, Cambodia
AK Akeno, Japan
BB Jakarta, Indonesia
AKE Amakusa, Japan
BCD Bacolod, Philippines
AKI Anduki, Brunei
BDM Bamal, Indonesia
AKT Akeno, Japan
BE Brunei Intl (Bandar Seri Begawan), Bru-
AL Alabat, Philippines
nei
AL Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia BED Bedok (Singapore), Singapore
ALC Amami, Japan BG Baguio, Philippines
AM Gialam (Hanoi), Vietnam
BGN Bagan, Myanmar
AME Kasari (Amami), Japan
BGO Bago, Myanmar
BI Brunei Intl (Bandar Seri Begawan), Bru-
AN Ann, Myanmar nei
ANY Semarang, Indonesia BIK Biak, Indonesia
AP Anbu (Taipei), Taiwan BK Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
AP Attopeu, Laos BK Catbi (Haiphong), Vietnam
AP Kluang, Malaysia BK Luang Phabang, Laos
APU Anbu (Taipei), Taiwan BKK Bangkok, Thailand
AR Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia BKL Bengkulu, Indonesia
AS Anisakan, Myanmar BLI Bali (Den Pasar), Indonesia
AT Alor Star, Malaysia BM Banmaw, Myanmar
AT Pontianak, Indonesia BM Batam, Indonesia
AV Allah Valley (Surallah), Philippines BM Magong, Taiwan
BMT BUON ME THOUT, Vietnam
BN Boun Neua, Laos CGO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines

BN Butuan, Philippines CH Cheung Chau (Hong Kong), Hong
Kong, PR of
BND Bandung, Indonesia
CHE Chitose, Japan
BP Batu Pahat (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
CHI Chiayi, Taiwan
CHJ Chongju, Korea
BQ Nasan, Vietnam
CHM Chiang Mai, Thailand
BR Brunei, Brunei
CHO Cheongju, Korea
BR Burirum, Thailand
CI Chichijima, Japan
BRM Buri Ram, Thailand
CIA Clark (Angeles), Philippines
BRU Brunei, Brunei
CIA New Clark, Philippines
BRZ Tanjung Redeb, Indonesia
CJ Chuchon, Korea
BS Basco, Philippines
CJU Jeju, Korea
BS Blimbingsari, Indonesia
CKG Cengkareng (Jakarta), Indonesia
BS Kinmen, Taiwan
CL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia
CLP Cilacap, Indonesia
BTN Narathiwat, Thailand
CMA Chiang Mai, Thailand
CMP Chum Phae, Thailand
CN Conson, Vietnam
COT Cotabato (Dinaig), Philippines
CP CHUMPHON, Thailand
BU Buonmathuot, Vietnam
CPN Chumpon, Thailand
BUT U-Tapao, Thailand
CQ Chu Lai, Vietnam
C CR Cam Ranh, Vietnam
C Phucat, Vietnam CRA Cam Ranh, Vietnam
CA Cirebon, Indonesia CS Conson, Vietnam
CAB Cabanatuan, Philippines CT Caticlan, Philippines
CAB Cat Bi (HAIPHONG), Vietnam CT Chiang Rai, Thailand
CAT Caticlan, Philippines CTR Chiang Rai, Thailand
CCK Cingcyuangang, Taiwan CUE Otsu, Japan
CE Caledonian (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia CUN Yecheon, Korea
CUY Cauayan, Philippines G

CVC Choshi, Japan GA Mataram, Indonesia
GBE Goboh, Japan
D
GFT Gifu, Japan
D Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam
GI Ludao (Taitung), Taiwan
DAD Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam
GID Ludao (Taitung), Taiwan
DAN Da Nang, Vietnam
GK Gong Kedak, Malaysia
DAO Davao, Philippines
GKE Ishigaki, Japan
DB Dienbien, Vietnam
GL Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia
DC Pingtung, Taiwan
GN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
DCP Pingtung, Taiwan
GOC Daigo, Japan
DF Kasiguncu (Poso), Indonesia
GR Soekarno-Hatta Intl (Jakarta), Indonesia
DGC Fukuoka, Japan
GRO Rota, N Mariana Is
DGE DOUGO, Japan
GSA Tambler, Philippines
DGT Dumaguete, Philippines
GTC Niigata, Japan
DI Dipolog, Philippines
GTL Gorontalo, Indonesia
DIB Dienbien, Vietnam
DIL Dili, Indonesia H
DJ Da Nang, Vietnam HA Namlea, Indonesia
DKI Jakarta, Indonesia HC Songshan, Taiwan
DL Dalat, Vietnam HCE Hachijo Jima, Japan
DOC Donchon, Korea HCM Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
DOH Dong Hoi, Vietnam HCN Hengchun, Taiwan
DWI Dawei, Myanmar HGE Hongo (Hiroshima), Japan
HGS Wonju, Korea
F
HGU Hlegu, Myanmar
HHN Hua Hin, Thailand
FKE Fukushima, Japan
HHO Heho, Myanmar
FMT Hofu, Japan
HKC Kagoshima, Japan
FUE Fukue, Japan
HKE Hokuso (Tokyo), Japan
HL Hommalinn, Myanmar
HL Houlong, Taiwan IBKL Fatmawati Soekarno (Bengkulu), Indo-

nesia
HL Nam Dinh, Vietnam
HLG Houlong, Taiwan
IBTM Hang Nadim (Batam), Indonesia
HLM Halim (Jakarta), Indonesia
IBUT U-Tapao Pattaya Intl (Rayong), Thai-
HLN Hualien, Taiwan
land
HME Haneda (Tokyo), Japan
ICA Diosdado Macapagal Intl (Angeles),
HN Hua Hin, Thailand Philippines
HOU Houai Sai, Laos ICCK Cingcyuangang, Taiwan
HPE Hanamaki, Japan ICH Changi (Singapore), Singapore
HSU Hsinchu, Taiwan ICH New Chitose (Sapporo), Japan
HT Buonmathuot, Vietnam ICHE Jeju Intl (Jeju), Korea
HTY Hat Yai, Thailand ICHG Cheongju Intl (Cheongju), Korea
HUC Hyakuri, Japan ICHI Chiayi Aero (Chiayi), Taiwan
HUE Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam ICHJ Cheongju Intl (Cheongju), Korea
HVT Hachinohe, Japan ICJN Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
HW Hualien, Taiwan ICJU Jeju Intl (Jeju), Korea
HWE Hakodate, Japan ICK Diosdado Macapagal Intl (Angeles),
HY Hat Yai, Thailand Philippines
HYE Yokosuka, Japan ICKM Kinmen, Taiwan

ICKS Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
I ICMA Chiang Mai Intl (Chiang Mai), Thailand
IAD Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan ICMN Kinmen, Taiwan
IAM Amami, Japan ICN New Chitose (Sapporo), Japan
IAS Sultan Abdul Halim (Alor Star), Malay- ICO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines
sia
ICPN Chumphon (CHUMPHON), Thailand
IAW Asahikawa, Japan
ICS New Chitose (Sapparo), Japan
IAWD Guam Intl (Agana), Guam
ICT Can Tho Intl (Can Tho), Vietnam
IBCD Bacolod (Silay), Philippines
ICTR Chiang Rai Intl (Chiang Rai), Thailand
IBGS Beigan (Matsu), Taiwan
ICW Changi (Singapore), Singapore
IBIK Frans Kaisiepo (Biak), Indonesia
IDAG Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea
IBKD Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
IDMG Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
IDPS Ngurah Rai Intl (Denpasar), Indonesia IJO Iwakuni MCAS (Iwakuni), Japan
IDR Da Nang Intl (Da Nang), Vietnam IJOG Adi Sucipto (Yogyakarta), Indonesia
IEL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala IJPA Sentani (Jayapura), Indonesia
Lumpur), Malaysia
IJT Iwoto, Japan
IER Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala
IKAS Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
Lumpur), Malaysia
IKB Sultan Ismail Petra (Kota Bharu), Ma-
IFE Fukue, Japan
laysia
IFF Fukuoka, Japan
IKC Nagoya, Japan
IFL Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
IKE Iki (Ikishima), Japan
Kong, PR of
IFNN Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan
IKF Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan
IFO Fukuoka, Japan
IFU Fukue, Japan
IGSA Tambler Natl (Tambler), Philippines
IKHE Gimhae Intl (Busan), Korea
IGUM Guam Intl (Agana), Guam
IKHG Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
IHA Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan
IKL Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala
IHC Hachijojima, Japan
Lumpur), Malaysia
IHG Hiroshima, Japan
IKM Komatsu, Japan
IHL Hakodate, Japan
IKMA Gimhae Intl (Busan), Korea
IHLN Hualien, Taiwan
IKMO Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea
IHM Memanbetsu, Japan
IKN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay-
IHP Hanamaki, Japan sia
IHSU Hsinchu Aero (Hsinchu), Taiwan IKPO Pohang, Korea
IHTY Hat Yai Intl (Songkhla), Thailand IKQ Kitakyushu, Japan
IHUA Hualien, Taiwan IKR Kochi, Japan
IHY Hyakuri, Japan IKRT Khorat (Nakhon Ratchasima), Thailand
IIO Iloilo, Philippines IKS Kushiro, Japan
IIOS Oshima, Japan IKT Takamatsu, Japan
IJB Senai Intl (Johor Bahru), Malaysia IKTA Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu),
IJDG Jeongseok (Jeju), Korea Malaysia
IKU Kumamoto, Japan IMZ Miyazaki, Japan

IKUI Chiayi Aero (Chiayi), Taiwan INAN Nan, Thailand
ILB Labuan, Malaysia INC Niigata, Japan
ILK Langkawi Intl (Langkawi I.), Malaysia INK Nanki-Shirahama, Japan
ILMB Lombok Intl (Praya), Indonesia INKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
ILPB Luang Phabang Intl (Luang Phabang), INKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
Laos
INKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
INPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar
INS Nakashibetsu, Japan
IMA Ninoy Aquino Intl (Manila), Philippines
INT Noto, Japan
IMAN Muan Intl (Muan), Korea
INTW Narathiwat, Thailand
IMCT Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Intl (Lapu-La-
IOA Oki, Japan
pu), Philippines
IOB Obihiro, Japan
IMDG Gwangju, Korea
IOD Odate-Noshiro (Odate-Noshiro, Japan),
IMDH Gwangju, Korea
Japan
IME Iwami, Japan
IOFR Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea
IMIA Mandalay Intl (Mandalay), Myanmar
IOO Iloilo, Philippines
IMKB Minangkabau Intl (Padang Pariaman),
IP Ipoh, Malaysia
Indonesia
IPCB Phetchabun, Thailand
IMKG Magong, Taiwan
IML Ninoy Aquino Intl (Manila), Philippines
IPH Phu Quoc Intl (Phu Quoc), Vietnam
IMNO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia
IPKT Phuket Intl (Phuket), Thailand
IMP Matsuyama, Japan
IPKU Sultan Syarif Kasim II (Pekanbaru), In-
IMPO Mokpo, Korea
donesia
IMR Aomori, Japan
IMR Miri, Malaysia
IPO Sultan Azlan Shah (Ipoh), Malaysia
IMT Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Intl (Lapu-La-
IPQ Phu Quoc Intl (Phu Quoc), Vietnam
pu), Philippines
IPSL Phitsanulok, Thailand
IPTK A-511 (Desiderio AAF) (Camp Hum-
IMUN Muan Intl (Muan), Korea
phreys), Korea
IMV Monbetsu, Japan
IRAN Ranong, Thailand
IMY Miyako (Miyakojima), Japan
IREP Siem Reap, Cambodia
IROT Roi Et, Thailand ITDO Ratulangi (Manado), Indonesia

IRS Rishiri, Japan ITF Oita, Japan
ISA Shimojishima, Japan ITFR Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
Kong, PR of
ISAM Sacheon, Korea
ITGL Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea
ITH Tajima, Japan
ISB Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah-Subang (Kuala
Lumpur), Malaysia ITIA Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
ISBA Subic Bay Intl (Subic Bay), Philippines ITJ Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan
ISD Sendai, Japan ITLU Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan
ISEL Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea ITM Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan
ISEN Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand ITN Tanegashima, Japan
ISES Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand ITNN Tainan Aero (Tainan), Taiwan
ISG Saga (Saga, Japan), Japan ITO Toyama, Japan
ISHA Sacheon, Korea ITR Tottori, Japan
ISK Osaka Intl (Osaka), Japan ITRK Juwata (Tarakan), Indonesia
ISKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand ITRN Trang, Thailand
ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia ITS Tokushima, Japan
ISKP Gimpo Intl (Seoul), Korea ITSG Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan
ISKT Sukhothai, Thailand ITWU Tawau, Malaysia
ISN Shonai, Japan ITYA Taiwan Taoyuan Intl (Taipei), Taiwan
ISOL Seoul / Domestic (Seoul), Korea IUB Yamaguchi-Ube (Ube), Japan
ISR Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong IUBL Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
Kong, PR of IUDN Udon Thani, Thailand
ISTN Surat Thani, Thailand IUJN Uljin, Korea
ISU Sibu, Malaysia IUJS Uljin, Korea
ISWN Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand IULS Ulsan (ULSAN), Korea
ISWS Suvarnabhumi Intl (Bangkok), Thailand IUPG Sultan Hasanuddin (Ujung Pandang),
ISZ Shizuoka, Japan Indonesia
ITAG Daegu Intl (Daegu), Korea IUW Akita, Japan
ITB Memanbetsu, Japan IVC Tsushima, Japan
ITC Tokyo (Haneda) Intl (Tokyo), Japan IVTN Wattay Intl (Vientiane), Laos
ITCG Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan IWA Iwami, Japan
IWC Kuga, Japan JL Jolo, Philippines

IWL Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang (Kuala JMB Jambi, Indonesia
Lumpur), Malaysia
JOG Yogyakarta, Indonesia
JOM Jomalig, Philippines
Lumpur), Malaysia
JPA Jayapura, Indonesia
IWY Iswahyudi (Madiun), Indonesia
JR Johor Bahru, Malaysia
IXE Iwaki, Japan
JWN Choongwon, Korea
IXZ Izumo, Japan
IYAN Yangyang Intl (Yangyang), Korea K
IYCH Yecheon Aero (Yecheon), Korea K Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
IYGN Yangon Intl (Yangon), Myanmar KAD Kadena (Okinawa), Japan
IYN Yonaguni (Yonaguni I), Japan KAE Gangwon, Korea
IYQ Narita Intl (Tokyo), Japan KAN Kangnung, Korea
IYS Shonai, Japan KB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
IYSU Yeosu, Korea KB Krabi, Thailand
IYT Yamagata, Japan KBE Kokubu (Kagoshima), Japan
IYV Miho (Yonago), Japan KBI Krabi, Thailand
IZAM Zamboanga Intl (Zamboanga), Philip- KC Kerinci, Indonesia
pines
KC Kwangju, Korea
IZSL Hong Kong Intl (Hong Kong), Hong
Kong, PR of KCC Nagoya, Japan
KDI Kendari, Indonesia
J KEC Kushimoto, Japan
JA Kanoya, Japan KG Kengtung, Myanmar
JAT Kanoya, Japan KGE Kajiki (Kagoshima), Japan
JB Jaybee (Johor Bahru), Malaysia KHE Kimhae (Busan), Korea
JB Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan KI Kanti, Myanmar
JBT Fongnian (Taitung), Taiwan KIN Chin Men, Taiwan
JC Hachinohe, Japan KIP Gimpo (Seoul), Korea
JD Nikko (Utsunomiya), Japan KJ Komatsushima, Japan
JDG Jedong (Jeju), Korea KJT Komatsushima, Japan
JDT Utsunomiya, Japan KK Don Mueang Intl (Bangkok), Thailand
JEC Miho (Yonago), Japan
KK Koh Kong, Cambodia KU Chiayi, Taiwan

KK Kong Kong (Johor Bahru), Malaysia KUE Kumamoto, Japan
KKN Khon Kaen, Thailand KUZ Gunsan, Korea
KL Kalay, Myanmar KW Hengchun, Taiwan
KL Kalibo, Philippines KW Noi Bai (Hanoi), Vietnam
KL Kayell (Kuala Lumpur), Malaysia KWA Gwangju, Korea
KLO Kalibo, Philippines KWJ Gwangju, Korea
KMC Komatsu, Japan KXC Kumejima, Japan
KMH Gimhae, Korea KZE Kisarazu, Japan
KN Kansai, Japan
L
KN Khon Kaen, Thailand
LA Bula, Indonesia
KN Sultan Ahmad Shah (Kuantan), Malay-
sia LAB Labuan, Malaysia
KNE Kansai, Japan LAO Laoag, Philippines
KO Dili, Indonesia LB Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
KOS Sihanouk, Cambodia LB Lop Buri, Thailand
KP Ketapang, Indonesia LBG Lubang, Philippines
KP Kyaukpyu, Myanmar LC Kangnung, Korea
KPG Kupang, Indonesia LC Lam Chau, Hong Kong, PR of
KPO Pohang, Korea LHD Hamamatsu, Japan
KPS Kamphaeng Saen (Nakhon Pathom), LHD Lahad Datu, Malaysia
Thailand LHT Hamamatsu, Japan
KR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand LIP Lipa, Philippines
KRE Kochi, Japan LK Loikaw, Myanmar
KRT Khorat (Nakhon Ratchasima), Thailand LK Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan
KSE Kushiro, Japan LKC Lung Kwu Chau, Hong Kong, PR of
KSM Seoul, Korea LKH Lien Khuong, Vietnam
KT Hengchun, Taiwan LKU Taipei, Taiwan
KT Kawthoung, Myanmar LMB Praya, Indonesia
KTE Kagawa (Takamatsu), Japan LOB LOB (Bangkok), Thailand
KTG Hengchun, Taiwan LOY Loei, Thailand
KTG Ketapang, Indonesia
LP Lampang, Thailand ME Myeik, Myanmar

LP Legaspi, Philippines MFNN MFNN (Taitung), Taiwan
LPB Luang Phabang, Laos MH Mae Hong Son, Thailand
LPN Lampang, Thailand MHS Mae Hong Son, Thailand
LS Lhok Sukon, Indonesia MIA Mandalay, Myanmar
LSO Lashio, Myanmar MIA Manila, Philippines
LU Keelung, Taiwan MIL Sorong, Indonesia
LW Lawang, Indonesia MIS Misawa, Japan
LY Lanyu, Taiwan MIT Mishima, Japan
LY Loei, Thailand MJE Miyakejima, Japan
LYU LANYU, Taiwan MK Matak, Indonesia
MK Myitkyina, Myanmar
M
MKA Myitkyina/Nampong, Myanmar
M Cantho, Vietnam
MKB Minangkabau (Padang Pariaman), In-
MA Chiang Mai Intl (Chiang Mai), Thailand donesia
MAK Maros (Makassar), Indonesia MKE Merauke, Indonesia
MBE Matsumoto, Japan MKE Mukawa (Sapporo), Japan
MBT Masbate, Philippines MKG Magong (Penghu I.), Taiwan
MC Malacca, Malaysia MKP Mokpo, Korea
MC Mocchau, Vietnam MKS Makassar, Indonesia
MCN Macao Intl (Macao), Macao, PR of MKT Meiktila, Myanmar
MCS Macao Intl (Macao), Macao, PR of ML Malang, Indonesia
MCT Mactan (Lapu-Lapu), Philippines ML Minami Torishima, Japan
MCU Macao, Macao, PR of MLT Minami Torishima, Japan
MD Manado, Indonesia MM Mawlamyine, Myanmar
MD Mondulkiri, Cambodia MNA Meiktila, Myanmar
MDE Minamidaito, Japan MNO Manado, Indonesia
MDI Marudi, Brunei MO Momeik, Myanmar
MDN Medan, Indonesia MOE Oyama, Japan
MDS Mingaladon (Yangon), Myanmar MOF Maumere, Indonesia
MDY Mandalay, Myanmar MP Mokpo, Korea
MPE Matsuyama, Japan NFO Futenma (Okinawa I.), Japan

MQE Miyako, Japan NGA Naga (Pili), Philippines
MR Kueijen, Taiwan NHC Naha, Japan
MRE Aomori, Japan NHT Nyutabaru, Japan
MS Mae Sot (Tak), Thailand NI Kendari, Indonesia
MS Mong-Hsat, Myanmar NIS Sibu, Malaysia
MST Mae Sot (Tak), Thailand NJA Atsugi, Japan
MT Cantho, Vietnam NJC Niijima, Japan
MT Matsu, Taiwan NK NANGAN, Taiwan
MTM Mataram, Indonesia NK Nakhon Si Thammart, Thailand
MTS Matsu, Taiwan NKE Nanki, Japan
MUN Muan, Korea NKN NANGAN, Taiwan
MVE Monbetsu, Japan NKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
MW Magway, Myanmar NKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
MWB Manado, Indonesia NKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
MWE Tohoku, Japan NM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
MXT Matsushima, Japan NMA Bima, Indonesia
MYC Miyakojima, Japan NN Gorontalo, Indonesia
MYY Miri, Malaysia NN Nan, Thailand
MZE Miyazaki, Japan NN Sigang (Tainan), Taiwan
MZU Mulu, Malaysia NNN Sigang, Taiwan
NO Maumere, Indonesia
N
NOB Noi Bai (Hanoi), Vietnam
NAH Namha (Hanoi), Vietnam
NP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
NAN Nan, Thailand
NPH NAVY (Pohang), Korea
NAT Ranai, Indonesia
NPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar
NB Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
NQ Sumbawa, Indonesia
NBA Noi Bai Intl (Hanoi), Vietnam
NR Waingapu, Indonesia
NBR Nabire, Indonesia
NRE Narita (Tokyo), Japan
ND Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia
NS Namsang, Myanmar
NE Singkep, Indonesia
NSE Nakashibetsu, Japan
NT Narathiwat, Thailand OMT Ominato, Japan

NT Naypyitaw, Myanmar ON Polonia, Indonesia
NTE Noto, Japan ONC Erabu (Okierabu I), Japan
NTH Luangnamtha, Laos OP Palu, Indonesia
NTW Narathiwat, Thailand OQ Padang, Indonesia
NW Pekanbaru, Indonesia ORE Okushiri, Japan
NX Jambi, Indonesia OSE Mihara (Oshima), Japan
NY Warukin, Indonesia OT Tarakan, Indonesia
NZ Banda Aceh, Indonesia OTE OOTA, Japan
NZD Nasu, Japan OU Banjarmasin, Indonesia
OUD Oudomsay, Laos
O
OW Itami (Osaka), Japan
O Taipei, Taiwan
OW Palembang, Indonesia
OB Jakarta, Indonesia
OWE Osaka, Japan
OBE Obihiro, Japan
OX Iwoto, Japan
OC Ozuki (Shimonoseki), Japan
OX Pitu (Morotai), Indonesia
OC Semarang, Indonesia
OY Bandung, Indonesia
OCT Ozuki (Shimonoseki), Japan
OYE Kibi, Japan
ODE Odate-Noshiro, Japan
OZ Kalijati, Indonesia
OF Yogyakarta, Indonesia
OZ Ozamis, Philippines
OH Ambon, Indonesia
OH Tokachi, Japan P
OI Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia P Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam
OIE Oki, Japan PA Hpa-An, Myanmar
OJ Makassar, Indonesia PAE Phrae, Thailand
OJC Onjuku, Japan PAK Pakse, Laos
OK El Tari, Indonesia PAL Palu, Indonesia
OKC Okayama, Japan PB Bengkulu, Indonesia
OL Balikpapan, Indonesia PB Phu Bai (HUE), Vietnam
OLE Nagasaki, Japan PB Prachin Buri, Thailand
OM Ominato, Japan PBA Phu Bai Intl (HUE), Vietnam
PC Phetchabun, Thailand PNK Pontianak, Indonesia

PC Phu Cat, Vietnam PNP Phnom Penh, Cambodia
PCA Phu Cat, Vietnam PNP Phnom Penh Intl (Phnom Penh), Cam-
bodia
PCB Phetchabun, Thailand
PO Bima, Indonesia
PCK Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand
PP Hpa-pun, Myanmar
PDG Padang, Indonesia
PQ Phuquoc, Vietnam
PG Cakrabhuwana (Cirebon), Indonesia
PQE Tateyama, Japan
PH Phetchabun, Thailand
PQU Phu Quoc, Vietnam
PHO Phonesavanh, Laos
PR Phrae, Thailand
PIN Pamalican (Quinaluban I.), Philippines
PR Puerto Princesa, Philippines
PIT Pingtung, Taiwan
PRD Laoag, Philippines
PK MATSU, Taiwan
PS Pakse, Laos
PK Pleiku, Vietnam
PSL Phitsanulok, Thailand
PKN MATSU, Taiwan
PSN Busan, Korea
PKN Pangkalan Bun, Indonesia
PT Pattani, Thailand
PKP Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia
PT Putao, Myanmar
PKU Pekanbaru, Indonesia
PTH Phanthiet, Vietnam
PKY Palangkaraya, Indonesia
PL Cantho, Vietnam PTK Pyongtaek, Korea
PL Phitsanulok, Thailand PTN Pathein, Myanmar
PL Plaridel, Philippines PU Papa Uniform (Singapore), Singapore
PLA Paya Lebar (Singapore), Singapore PUT Phuket, Thailand
PLB Palembang, Indonesia PW Purwakarta, Indonesia
PLK PLEIKU, Vietnam

Q
PMA Ambon, Indonesia
QL Ca Mau, Vietnam
PN Iskandar (Pangkalan bun), Indonesia
QQ Padang, Indonesia
PN Manado, Indonesia
PN Pagadian, Philippines R
PNG Penang, Malaysia RA Lungtang, Taiwan
PNH Phnom Penh, Cambodia RAN Ranong, Thailand
PNI Pohnpei, Micronesia RE Pyongtaek, Korea
RE Roi Et, Thailand SDE Sendai, Japan

RG Rach Gia, Vietnam SEL Anyang, Korea
RG Ruteng (Satartacik), Indonesia SEL Seletar (Singapore), Singapore
RI Bario, Malaysia SG Songshan (Taipei), Taiwan
RME Tarama, Japan SG Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
RN Ranaj, Indonesia SGE Saga, Japan
RN Ranong, Thailand SGN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
ROR Koror, Micronesia SHD Shigi, Japan
ROT Roi Et, Thailand SHE SHIRAHAMA, Japan
ROX Roxas, Philippines SHT Shimofusa (Matsudo), Japan
RSE Rishiri, Japan SHV Sihanouk, Cambodia
RT Ratanakiri, Cambodia SIR Siem Reap, Cambodia
RW Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR of SJ Shimojishima, Japan
RXT Roxas, Philippines SJ Sinjon (Singapore), Singapore
RYN Rayong, Thailand SJE Shimojishima, Japan
SK Kaohsiung Intl (Kaohsiung), Taiwan
S
SK Sokcho, Korea
SAC Sacheon (Chinju), Korea
SK Songkhla, Thailand
SAJ San Jose, Philippines
SKE Shinoda, Japan
SAM Samneua, Laos
SKL Songkhla, Thailand
SAN San Fernando, Philippines
SKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
SAN Seosan, Korea
SL Sha Lo Wan (Hong Kong), Hong Kong,
SAR Saravane, Laos PR of
SAV Savannakhet, Laos SLO Solo, Indonesia
SAY Sayabouly, Laos SM Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
SB Sibu, Malaysia SMT Siu Mo To, Hong Kong, PR of
SBA Subic (Subic Bay), Philippines SMU Samui, Thailand
SBR Surabaya, Indonesia SN Saipan, N Mariana Is
SC Stonecutters (Hong Kong), Hong Kong, SN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
PR of
SN Sandakan, Malaysia
SCH Sokcho, Korea
SNE Moriya (Tokyo), Japan
SCN Sachon, Korea
SO Solo, Indonesia TD Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam

SOL Seoul, Korea TD Thandwe, Myanmar
SOT Songtan, Korea TD Tung Lung, Hong Kong, PR of
SP Sampit, Indonesia TET Tateyama, Japan
SPE Sapporo, Japan TF Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
SPN SA Pran Nak (Lop Buri), Thailand TFE Musashi (Oita), Japan
SPT Sampit, Indonesia TG Jakarta, Indonesia
SR Surat Thani, Thailand TG Temindung (Samarinda), Indonesia
SRE Siem Reap, Cambodia TGE Nakatane, Japan
SRT Surat Thani, Thailand TGO Taungoo, Myanmar
ST Stung Treng (Streung), Cambodia TGU Dalseong, Korea
STE Shodo, Japan TGU Taungoo, Myanmar
STN Surat Thani, Thailand TH Tuyhoa, Vietnam
SU Surigao, Philippines THE Tajima, Japan
SUC Shimizu, Japan THS Sukhothai, Thailand
SUI Suai, Indonesia THX Xiengkhuang, Laos
SVB Suvarnabhumi (Bangkok), Thailand TI Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia
SW Sittwe, Myanmar TIA Taipei, Taiwan
SW Taipei, Taiwan TIC Chinen, Japan
SWN Suwon, Korea TK Tak, Thailand
SYE Sekiyado, Japan TKE Tokunoshima, Japan
SZE Shizuoka, Japan TKG Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
TKK Truk (Weeno Island), Micronesia
T
TKL Takhli, Thailand
TAC Tacloban, Philippines
TL Tachileik, Myanmar
TAE Oita, Japan
TL Takhli, Thailand
TAG Taegu, Korea
TLE Ami, Japan
TBE Memanbetsu, Japan
TME Tomo, Japan
TC Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan
TMK Timika, Indonesia
TCK Cingcyuangang (Taichung), Taiwan
TN Shin-Tachikawa, Japan
TD Tandag, Philippines
TN Tangerang, Indonesia
TNG Tengah (Singapore), Singapore U

TNN Sigang (Tainan), Taiwan UAM Andersen (Guam), Guam
TNT Tachikawa, Japan UB Ubon (Ubon Ratchathani), Thailand
TO Lalos, Indonesia UBE Ube (Yamaguchi), Japan
TOE Toyama, Japan UBL Ubon (Ubon Ratchathani), Thailand
TP Tathong Point (Hong Kong), Hong UD Udon Thani, Thailand
Kong, PR of
UDN Udon Thani, Thailand
TPG Tanjung Pinang, Indonesia
UJN Uljin, Korea
TPN Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia
UKS Kosrae, Micronesia
TQT Tsuiki, Japan
UNZ Nimitz, Guam
TR Ternate, Indonesia
UP U-Taphao, Thailand
TR Trang, Thailand
US ULSAN, Korea
TRE Tottori, Japan
USN Ulsan, Korea
TRK Tarakan, Indonesia
UT U-Tapao Pattaya Intl (Rayong), Thai-
TRN Can Tho, Vietnam land
TRN Trang, Thailand UWE Yuwa (Akita), Japan
TRT Trat, Thailand
V
TS Tokushima, Japan
VAS Alor Star, Malaysia
TSC Tokushima, Japan
VBA Batu Arang, Malaysia
TSN Tansonnhat (Hochiminh), Vietnam
TTD Toyota (Kitakyushu), Japan
TTG Taitung, Taiwan
VC Virac, Philippines
TU Sultan Mahmud (Kuala Terengganu),
Malaysia VCE Tsushima, Japan
TUG Tuguegarao, Philippines VCT Shimotsushima, Japan
TWS Tainan, Taiwan VE Vientiane, Laos
TWU Tawau, Malaysia VGK Gong Kedak, Malaysia
TY Hat Yai Intl (Songkhla), Thailand VIH Ipoh, Malaysia
TYE Sakura, Japan VIN VINH, Vietnam
TYN Taoyuan, Taiwan VJB Johor Bahru, Malaysia
TZT Takamatsu, Japan VJR Johor Bahru, Malaysia
VKB Kota Bharu, Malaysia
VKE Kerteh, Malaysia WN Watthana Nakhon, Thailand

VKG Kuching, Malaysia WNJ Wonju, Korea
VKL Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia WR Surabaya, Indonesia
VKN Kuantan, Malaysia WW Sultan M Badaruddin II (Palembang),
Indonesia
VKR Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
WY Vientiane, Laos
VKT Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
VLB Labuan, Malaysia
X
VLG Limbang, Malaysia
X Vinh, Vietnam
VMI Miri, Malaysia
XAC Oshima, Japan
VMK Malacca, Malaysia
XMC Kowa, Japan
VMR Mersing (Johor Bahru), Malaysia
XR Kastner (Zama), Japan
VPG Penang, Malaysia
XVL Vungtau, Vietnam
VPH Vinhphuc (Hanoi), Vietnam
XW Vinh, Vietnam
VPK Pekan (Kuantan), Malaysia
XZE Izumo, Japan
VPL Langkawi (Langkawi I.), Malaysia
VPS Ipoh, Malaysia Y
VSI Sibu, Malaysia YAG Yangyang, Korea
VSN Sandakan, Malaysia YC Yechon, Korea
VT Vungtau, Vietnam YCN Yechon, Korea
VTG Thangone, Laos YDM Yong Dam (Jeju), Korea
VTK Tekong (Singapore), Singapore YGN Yangon, Myanmar
VTN Vientiane, Laos YJU Yangju, Korea
VTV Vung Tau, Vietnam YKE Yakushima, Japan
VTW Tawau, Malaysia YLT Iruma, Japan
VZU MULU, Malaysia YME Miyazu, Japan
YNE Yonaguni, Japan
W
YOE Yao, Japan
YOK Yokota (Tokyo), Japan
WK Hsinshie, Taiwan
YP Yap, Micronesia
WKE Wakkanai, Japan
YRE Yoron, Japan
WMT Matsumae, Japan
YS Yeosu, Korea
YSE Shonai, Japan H

YTE Yamagata, Japan HCM Hochiminh (Tansonnhat), Vietnam
YU Hualien, Taiwan
I
YVE Yonago, Japan
IAD Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl), Japan
YY Bandung, Indonesia
IAG Atsugi, Japan
YZT Shizuhama (Yaizu), Japan
IAM Amami, Japan
Z IAMN Ambon (Pattimura), Indonesia
ZAM Zamboanga, Philippines IAS Alor Star (Sultan Abdul Halim), Malay-
ZDG Phu Quoc, Vietnam sia
ZF Timika, Indonesia IAW Asahikawa, Japan
ZH Tanah Merah, Indonesia IAWD Agana (Guam Intl), Guam
ZM Biak, Indonesia IBAC Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda), In-

donesia
ZMO Zao-Yamada, Japan
IBCD Silay (Bacolod), Philippines
ZN Taitung, Taiwan
IBDM Banjarmasin (Syamsudin Noor), Indo-
ZN Fongnian (Chihhong), Taiwan nesia
ZO Sorong, Indonesia IBGN Matsu (Beigan), Taiwan
ZP Merauke, Indonesia IBGS Matsu (Beigan), Taiwan
ZQ Manokwari, Indonesia IBIK Biak (Frans Kaisiepo), Indonesia
ZR Nabire, Indonesia IBKD Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand
ZV Kaimana, Indonesia IBKK Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand
ZW Wamena, Indonesia IBKL Bengkulu (Fatmawati Soekarno), Indo-
ZX Oksibil, Indonesia nesia
ZYT Chitose (Sapporo), Japan IBPN Balikpapan (Sepinggan), Indonesia
IBTM Batam (Hang Nadim), Indonesia
B
IBUT Rayong (U-Tapao Pattaya Intl), Thai-
BE Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl), Brunei land
BI Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl), Brunei ICA Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal
Intl), Philippines
D ICB Sapporo (Chitose), Japan
DAD Da Nang (Da Nang Intl), Vietnam ICC Singapore (Changi), Singapore
ICCK Taichung (Cingcyuangang), Taiwan IDAO Davao (Bangoy Intl), Philippines

ICE Singapore (Changi), Singapore IDMG Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thailand
ICGL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone- IDR Da Nang (Da Nang Intl), Vietnam
sia
IDVO Davao (Bangoy Intl), Philippines
ICGR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
IEL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
sia
pang), Malaysia
ICH Singapore (Changi), Singapore
IER Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
ICH Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan pang), Malaysia
ICHE Jeju (Jeju Intl), Korea IFE Fukue, Japan
ICHG Cheongju (Cheongju Intl), Korea IFF Fukuoka, Japan
ICHI Chiayi (Chiayi Aero), Taiwan IFK Fukushima, Japan
ICHJ Cheongju (Cheongju Intl), Korea IFL Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
Kong, PR of
ICHL Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone-
sia IFNN Taitung (Fongnian), Taiwan
ICHR Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indone- IFO Fukuoka, Japan
sia IFU Fukue, Japan
ICJN Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan IGSA General Santos City (Tambler Natl),
ICJU Jeju (Jeju Intl), Korea Philippines
ICK Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal IGSN Saipan I (Francisco C. Ada/Saipan Intl),
Intl), Philippines N Mariana Is
ICKM Kinmen, Taiwan IGUM Agana (Guam Intl), Guam
ICKS Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan IHA Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl), Japan
ICMA Chiang Mai (Chiang Mai Intl), Thailand IHAL Jakarta (Halim Intl), Indonesia
ICMN Kinmen, Taiwan IHC Hachijojima, Japan
ICN Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan IHE Hachinohe, Japan
ICO Cagayan De Oro, Philippines IHG Hiroshima, Japan
ICPN Chumphon, Thailand IHL Hakodate, Japan
ICS Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan IHLN Hualien, Taiwan
ICT Can Tho (Can Tho Intl), Vietnam IHM Memanbetsu, Japan
ICTR Chiang Rai (Chiang Rai Intl), Thailand IHP Hanamaki, Japan
ICW Singapore (Changi), Singapore IHSU Hsinchu (Hsinchu Aero), Taiwan
IDAG Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea IHTY Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl), Thailand
IHY Hyakuri, Japan IKPO Pohang, Korea

IIO Iloilo, Philippines IKPS Nakhon Pathom (Kamphaeng Saen),
Thailand
IIOS Oshima, Japan
IJA Kanoya, Japan IKQ Kitakyushu, Japan
IJB Johor Bahru (Senai Intl), Malaysia IKR Kochi, Japan

IKRT Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat), Thailand
IJDG Jeju (Jeongseok), Korea
IKS Kushiro, Japan
IKT Takamatsu, Japan
IJPA Jayapura (Sentani), Indonesia
IKU Kumamoto, Japan
IKAS Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl), Taiwan
IKUI Chiayi (Chiayi Aero), Taiwan
IKB Kota Bharu (Sultan Ismail Petra), Ma-
laysia IKUZ Gunsan (Gunsan AB), Korea
IKBI Krabi, Thailand IKZZ Okinawa I (Kadena AB), Japan
IKC Nagoya, Japan ILB Labuan I (Labuan), Malaysia
IKD Osaka (Kansai Intl), Japan ILK Langkawi I. (Langkawi Intl), Malaysia
IKDN Okinawa I (Kadena AB), Japan ILMB Praya (Lombok Intl), Indonesia
IKE Kerteh, Malaysia ILPB Luang Phabang (Luang Phabang Intl),
Laos
IKF Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
IKG Kuching (Kuching Intl), Malaysia
IMA Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines
IKHE Busan (Gimhae Intl), Korea
IMAK Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
IKHG Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl), Taiwan
nesia
IMAN Muan (Muan Intl), Korea
IMAS Misawa (Misawa AB), Japan
Shah-Subang), Malaysia IMCT Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu
Intl), Philippines
IKLO Kalibo, Philippines
IMDG Gwangju, Korea
IKM Komatsu, Japan
IMDH Gwangju, Korea
IKMA Busan (Gimhae Intl), Korea
IMDN Medan (Polonia), Indonesia
IKMO Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea
IMIA Mandalay (Mandalay Intl), Myanmar
IKN Osaka (Kansai Intl), Japan
IMIS Misawa (Misawa AB), Japan
sia
IMKB Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau Intl), IOL Nagasaki, Japan

Indonesia IOL Omura, Japan
IMKG Magong, Taiwan IOSN Osan (Osan AB), Korea
IML Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines IOY Okayama, Japan
IMNO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia IPCB Phetchabun, Thailand
IMP Matsuyama, Japan IPG Penang I (Penang Intl), Malaysia
IMPO Mokpo, Korea IPH Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl), Vietnam
IMR Aomori, Japan IPKT Phuket (Phuket Intl), Thailand
IMR Miri, Malaysia IPKU Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II), In-
IMT Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu donesia
Intl), Philippines IPLB Palembang (Sultan M Badaruddin II),
IMUN Muan (Muan Intl), Korea Indonesia
IMV Monbetsu, Japan IPLR Palangka Raya (Tjilik Riwut), Indonesia
IMY Miyakojima (Miyako), Japan IPN Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore
IMZ Miyazaki, Japan IPNK Pontianak (Supadio), Indonesia
INAN Nan, Thailand IPO Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah), Malaysia
INC Niigata, Japan IPQ Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl), Vietnam
INH Nyutabaru, Japan IPS Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore
ININ Osan (Osan AB), Korea IPSL Phitsanulok, Thailand
INK Nanki-Shirahama, Japan IPTK Camp Humphreys (A-511 (Desiderio
INKP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand AAF)), Korea
INKR Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand IRAN Ranong, Thailand
INKS Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand IREP Siem Reap, Cambodia
INPT Naypyitaw, Myanmar IROT Roi Et, Thailand
INS Nakashibetsu, Japan IRS Rishiri, Japan
INT Noto, Japan ISA Shimojishima, Japan
INTW Narathiwat, Thailand ISAM Sacheon, Korea
IOA Oki, Japan ISB Shimojishima, Japan
IOB Obihiro, Japan ISB Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz

Shah-Subang), Malaysia
IOD Odate-Noshiro, Japan
ISBA Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl), Philippines
IOFR Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea
ISBI Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl), Philippines
IOK Naha, Japan
ISBY Surabaya (Juanda), Indonesia ITIA Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan
ISD Sendai, Japan ITJ Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
ISEL Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea ITK Tokunoshima, Japan
ISEN Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand ITLU Taipei (Songshan), Taiwan
ISES Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand ITM Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
ISG Saga, Japan ITN Tanegashima, Japan
ISH Matsudo (Shimofusa), Japan ITNN Tainan (Tainan Aero), Taiwan
ISHA Sacheon, Korea ITO Toyama, Japan
ISK Osaka (Osaka Intl), Japan ITR Tottori, Japan
ISKN Sakon Nakhon, Thailand ITRK Tarakan (Juwata), Indonesia
ISKN Sandakan, Malaysia ITRN Trang, Thailand
ISKP Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea ITS Tokushima, Japan
ISKT Sukhothai, Thailand ITSG Taipei (Songshan), Taiwan
ISLO Solo (Adi Soemarmo), Indonesia ITWU Tawau, Malaysia
ISN Shonai, Japan ITYA Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan
ISOL Seoul (Seoul / Domestic), Korea IUAM Guam I (Andersen AFB), Guam
ISR Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong IUB Ube (Yamaguchi-Ube), Japan
Kong, PR of
IUBL Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
ISTN Surat Thani, Thailand IUDN Udon Thani, Thailand
ISU Sibu, Malaysia IUJN Uljin, Korea
ISWN Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand IUJP Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
ISWS Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thailand nesia
ISZ Shizuoka, Japan IUJS Uljin, Korea
ITAG Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea IULS Ulsan, Korea
ITB Memanbetsu, Japan IUPG Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), Indo-
ITCG Taichung (Cingcyuangang), Taiwan nesia
ITDO Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia IUW Akita, Japan
ITF Oita, Japan IVC Tsushima, Japan
ITFR Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong IVPR Gunsan (Gunsan AB), Korea
Kong, PR of IVTN Vientiane (Wattay Intl), Laos
ITGL Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea IWA Iwami, Japan
ITH Tajima, Japan IWK Wakkanai, Japan
IWL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se- S

pang), Malaysia
SGN Hochiminh (Tansonnhat), Vietnam
IWR Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Se-
pang), Malaysia
IXZ Izumo, Japan
IYAN Yangyang (Yangyang Intl), Korea
IYAS Tokyo (Yokota AB), Japan
IYCH Yecheon (Yecheon Aero), Korea
IYGN Yangon (Yangon Intl), Myanmar
IYN Yonaguni I (Yonaguni), Japan
IYOK Tokyo (Yokota AB), Japan
IYQ Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
IYS Shonai, Japan
IYSO Yeosu, Korea
IYT Yamagata, Japan
IYV Yonago (Miho), Japan
IZAM Zamboanga (Zamboanga Intl), Philip-
pines
IZSL Hong Kong (Hong Kong Intl), Hong
Kong, PR of
M
MCN Macao (Macao Intl), Macao, PR of
MCS Macao (Macao Intl), Macao, PR of
N
NB Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl), Vietnam
NBA Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl), Vietnam
P
PBA HUE (Phu Bai Intl), Vietnam
PNP Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh Intl), Cam-
bodia
Meteorology
Meteorology
Meteorology Data - Pacific

METEOROLOGY DATA - PACIFIC 423
PACIFIC BASIN
AVAILABILITY OF VOLMET BROADCASTS
RADIOTELEPHONY
Identify location for which weather is desired and find station(s) disseminating broadcast. Con-
tents of broadcast of each Station is shown following the listing below.
WEATHER FOR AVAILABLE FROM STATIONS

Adelaide Brisbane
Anchorage Honolulu
Auckland Auckland
Bangkok Bangkok
Brisbane Brisbane
Brunei Singapore
Cairns Brisbane
Chiang Mai Bangkok
Christchurch Auckland
Cold Bay Honolulu
Darwin Brisbane
Den Pasar Singapore
Elmendorf AFB Honolulu
Fairbanks Honolulu
Faleolo Auckland
Fukuoka Tokyo
Guam Honolulu
Guangzhou/Baiyun Hong Kong
Hanoi Bangkok
Hilo Honolulu
HoChiMinh Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Honolulu Honolulu
Kahului Honolulu
King Salmon Honolulu
Kota Kinabalu Singapore
Kuala Lumpur Singapore
PACIFIC BASIN

Kuching Singapore
Las Vegas Honolulu
Los Angeles Honolulu
Macau Hong Kong
Mactan Hong Kong
Manila Hong Kong
(Intl)
Melbourne Brisbane
Nagoya Tokyo
Naha Hong Kong
Nadi Auckland
Noumea Auckland
Ontario Honolulu
Osaka Tokyo
(Kansai Intl)
Pago Pago Auckland
Penang Singapore
Perth Brisbane
Phnom Penh Bangkok
Phuket Bangkok
Portland Honolulu
Rayong Bangkok
(U-Taphao)
Sacramento Honolulu
San Francisco Honolulu
Sapporo Tokyo
(New Chitose)
Seattle Honolulu
Seoul/Incheon (Incheon Intl) Tokyo
Singapore Singapore
PACIFIC BASIN

Soekarno-Hatta Singapore
Songkhla/Hat Yai Bangkok
Subang Singapore
Sydney Brisbane
Tahiti Auckland
Taiwan Taipei
(Chiang Kai Shek)
(Kaohsiung Intl)
Tokyo Tokyo
(Intl)
(New Tokyo Intl)
Townsville Brisbane
Vancouver Honolulu
Vientiane Bangkok
Wellington Auckland
Yangon Bangkok
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
STATION FORM BROADCAST
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
Auckland Auckland 6679 SSB H24 20-25 MET Reports Auckland, Christ-
VOLMET 8828 SSB (including church, Wellington,
TREND-type Nadi, Faleolo, Nou-
13282 SSB landing fore- mea, Pago Pago,
casts) Tahiti
Aerodrome Nadi, Noumea
forecasts
50-55 MET Reports Auckland, Christ-
(including church, Wellington,
TREND-type Nadi, Faleolo, Nou-
landing fore- mea, Pago Pago,
casts) Tahiti
Aerodrome Auckland, Christ-
Forecasts church
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
Bangkok Bangkok 11387 SSB 2310-1145 10-15 SIGMET3 Bangkok Intl
Radio 6676 SSB H24 MET Report/
2965 SSB 1210-2245 Special1
MET Report2, 3 Yangon (Intl), Hanoi
(Noibai), Chiang Mai,
Rayong (U-Taphao),
Phuket, Songkhla
(Hat Yai), Ho Chi
Minh, Phnom Penh,
Vientiane
Aerodrome Bangkok Intl
Forecast4
40-45 SIGMET3 Bangkok Intl
MET Report/
Special5
MET Report3, 6 Yangon (Intl), Hanoi
(Noibai), Chiang Mai,
Rayong (U-Taphao),
Phuket, Songkhla
(Hat Yai), Ho Chi
Minh, Phnom Penh,
Vientiane
Aerodrome Bangkok Intl
Forecast4
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
NOTE:
– 1 Latest routine or special report between H+00 and H+10, including trend statement, repeat
at end of broadcast if time permits.

– 2 H+00 (or the previous H+30 report when the H+00 report is not available), including trend
statement when appended.
– 3 As available.
– 4 Valid for 9 hours.
– 5 Latest routine or special report between H+30 and H+35, including trend statement, repea-
ted at end of broadcast if time permits.
– 6H+30 (or the H+00 report when the H+30 report is not available), including trend statement
when appended.
Brisbane Australian 6676 SSB H24 00-05 TREND Fore- Melbourne, Sydney,
11387 SSB & casts Brisbane, Perth, Dar-
30-35 win
TREND Fore- Cairns
cast/Aerodrome
Forecast
TREND Fore- Townsville, Adelaide
cast
Honolulu Honolulu 2863 SSB H24 00-05 Aerodrome Honolulu, Hilo,
Radio 6679 SSB 30-35 Forecasts Guam
8828 SSB SIGMET Oakland FIR

13282 SSB Honolulu, Hilo, Ka-
Hourly Reports
hului, Guam
05-10 San Francisco, Seat-
35-40 tle (-Tacoma Intl),
Hourly Reports Los Angeles, Port-
land, Sacramento,
Ontario, Las Vegas
SIGMET Oakland FIR
San Francisco, Seat-
Aerodrome
tle (-Tacoma Intl),
Forecasts
Los Angeles
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
25-30 Anchorage, Elmen-
55-60 Hourly Reports dorf AFB, Fairbanks,
Cold Bay, King Sal-
mon, Vancouver
SIGMET Oakland FIR
Aerodrome Anchorage, Fair-
Forecasts banks, Cold Bay,
Vancouver
Hong Kong Hong 128.875 Continuous H24 MET Report/ Shenzhen
Kong MHz Special3
MET Report/ Macau, Taipei (Intl),
Special & Gaoxiong
TREND Fore-
cast3
2863 SSB4 H24 15-20 MET Report/ Taipei (Chiang Kai
& Special & Shek Intl), Gaoxiong,
6679 SSB
45-50 TREND Fore- Hong Kong (Intl)
8828 SSB cast3
13282 SSB
MET Report/ Manila (Intl), Mactan,
Special3 Naha
Aerodrome Hong Kong (Intl)
Forecast2
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
1 SIGMET information is prepared by the Meteorological Watch Office whenever any of the fol-
lowing phenomena are occurring or are expected to occur within the Hong Kong FIR: Active
thunderstorms, severe line squall, severe turbulence, marked mountain waves, tropical cyclone,
heavy hail, severe icing, widespread sandstorm/duststorm (unlikely to be used). Tropical cyclo-
nes will be mentioned whenever they are centered within the area 10N to 30N, 105E to 125E
even though this area extends beyond the Hong Kong FIR. The requirement to issue SIGMET
information regarding active thunderstorms refers to the occurrence or expected occurrence of
an area of widespread cumulonimbus clouds (Cb) or Cb along a line with little or no space be-
tween individual clouds, or to Cb embedded in cloud layers or concealed by haze. It does not
refer to isolated or scattered Cb not embedded in cloud layers or concealed by haze.
2 In VHHH MET Reports and Forecasts, wind information refers to the SE anemometer and the
visibility refers to that observed from the Meteorological Office on the 4th floor of the Airport Ter-
minal Building.
3 All reports are the latest available. However, if the latest available report would be more than
two hours old at broadcast time, it is not transmitted.
4 Broadcast on 2863 kHz is to be implemented when operationally required.
Singapore Singapore 6676 SSB H24 20-25 SIGMET1 Singapore
(Changi) Radio (1230 - METAR / Singapore
2230) SPECI2
11387 SSB
Kuala Lumpur3 ,
(2230 - Soekarno-Hatta3 ,
1230) Kuching3 , Brunei3 ,
METAR4
Kota Kinabalu3 , Den
Pasar3 , Penang3 ,
Subang
Singapore5 , Kuala
TAF4
Lumpur5
50-55 SIGMET1 Singapore
METAR / Singapore6
SPECI
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
Kuala Lumpur7 ,
Soekarno-Hatta7 ,
Kuching7 , Brunei 7 ,
METAR4
Kota Kinabalu7 , Den
Pasar7 , Penang7 ,
Subang
Singapore5 , Soekar-
TAF4
no-Hatta5
NOTE:
– 1 SIGMET message or ‘NIL’ is transmitted.
– 2 Latest routine or special report between H+00 and H+15, including trend statement; repea-
ted at end of broadcast, time permitting.
– 3 H+00 (or the previous H+30 report when the H+00 report is not available) including trend
– 4 As available.
– 7H+30 (or the H+00 report when the H+30 report is not available) including trend statement
when appended.
Taipei 124.4 MHz Continuous METAR
Chaing Kai Shek Intl
Repetitive SPECI
Kaohsiung Intl
TAF
ATC Radio When traffic per- SIGMET Taipei FIR
Channels mits
Taipei D- SITA’s METAR Chaing Kai Shek Intl
VOLMET Aircom SPECI Kaohsiung Intl
network TAF
SIGMET Taipei FIR
AIRMET
PACIFIC BASIN
BROADCAST
CALL FREQS TIMES
SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
Tokyo Tokyo 2863 SSB H24 10-15 MET Report & Tokyo (New Tokyo
6679 SSB & TREND* Intl), Osaka (Kansai
40-45 Intl) *Repeated if
8828 SSB time permits.
13282 SSB
MET Report Tokyo (Tokyo Intl),
Sapporo (New Chi-
tose), Nagoya, Fu-
kuoka, Seoul/
Incheon (Incheon
Intl)
Aerodrome Tokyo (New Tokyo
Forecast Intl), Osaka (Kansai
Intl)
PACIFIC BASIN
LOCATIONS OF MET BROADCAST STATIONS
PACIFIC
AUSTRALASIA


Adelaide Brisbane
Auckland Auckland
Brisbane Brisbane
Brunei Singapore
Cairns Brisbane
Christchurch Auckland
Darwin Brisbane
Den Pasar Singapore
Faleolo Auckland
Kuala Lumpur Singapore
Kuching Singapore
Melbourne Brisbane
Nadi Auckland
Noumea Auckland
Pago Pago Auckland
Penang Singapore
Perth Brisbane
Singapore Singapore
Subang Singapore
Sydney Brisbane
Tahiti Auckland
Townsville Brisbane
Wellington Auckland
AUSTRALASIA
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
STATION FREQS (kHz) FORM BROADCAST
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Auckland Auckland 6679 SSB H24 20-25 MET Reports (in- Auckland, Christ-
VOLMET 8828 SSB cluding TREND- church, Wellington,
type landing fore- Nadi, Faleolo,
13282 SSB casts) Noumea, Pago Pa-
go, Tahiti
Aerodrome fore- Nadi, Noumea
casts
50-55 MET Reports (in- Auckland, Christ-
cluding TREND- church, Wellington,
type landing fore- Nadi, Faleolo,
casts) Noumea, Pago Pa-
go, Tahiti
(Changi) Radio (1230 - 2230) METAR / SPECI2 Singapore
11387 SSB
Kuala Lumpur3 ,
(2230 - 1230) Soekarno-Hatta3 ,
Kuching3 , Bru-
METAR4
nei3 , Kota Kinaba-
lu3 , Den Pasar3 ,
Penang3 , Subang
Penang3 , Singa-
TAF4 pore5 , Kuala Lum-
pur5
METAR / SPECI Singapore6
Kuala Lumpur7 ,
Soekarno-Hatta7 ,
Kuching7 , Bru-
METAR4
nei7 , Kota Kinaba-
lu7 , Den Pasar7 ,
Penang7 , Subang
AUSTRALASIA
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Singapore5 , Kulal
TAF4 Lumpur5 , Soekar-
no-Hatta5
NOTE:


– 4 As available.

when appended.
Brisbane Australian 6676 SSB H24 00-05 Melbourne, Syd-
11387 SSB & TREND Forecasts ney, Brisbane,
30-35 Perth, Darwin
TREND Forecast/
Aerodrome Fore- Cairns
cast
TREND Forecast Townsville, Ade-
laide
Aerodrome Fore- Auckland, Christ-
casts church
AUSTRALIA
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Australian definitions and abbreviations applicable to this section which are not published
or differ from those published in INTRODUCTION — Chart Glossary. See also Definitions
and Abbreviations sections in the Air Traffic Control, Emergency and Terminal chapters of
this manual.
1 DEFINITIONS
AIR-REPORT (AIREP) — A report from an aircraft in flight prepared by the pilot during the course
of a flight in conformity with the requirements for position, operational or meteorological reporting
in the AIREP form.
AREA QNH — A forecast altimeter setting which is representative of the QNH of any location
within a particular area.
AUTOMATIC ENROUTE INFORMATION SERVICE (AERIS) — The provision of operational
information enroute by means of continuous and repetitive broadcasts.
AUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE (ATIS) — The provision of current, routine
information to arriving and departing aircraft by means of continuous and repetitive broadcasts
during the hours when the unit responsible for the service is in operation.
BRIEFING — The act of giving in advance specific preflight instructions or information to an air-
crew.
FLIGHT VISIBILITY — The visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight.
FORECAST — A statement of expected meteorological conditions for a specified period, and for
a specified area or portion of airspace.
HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS — Meteorological conditions which may endanger aircraft or
adversely affect their safe operation, particularly those phenomena associated with volcanic ash
cloud and thunderstorms – icing, hail and turbulence.
METBRIEF (Automated Meteorological Telephone Briefing) — Self help system which deliv-
ers meteorological information on the telephone using a computer generated voice, in response to
a tone generated telephone request.
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION — Meteorological report, analysis, forecast, and any other
statement relating to existing or expected meteorological conditions.
METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE — An office designated to provide meteorological service for air
navigation.
METEOROLOGICAL WARNING — A statement or meteorological report of the occurrence or
expectation of a deterioration or improvement in meteorological conditions or of any meteorologi-
cal phenomenon which may seriously affect the safe operation of aircraft.
OVERSHOOT SHEAR — A wind shear occurrence which produces an INITIAL effect of over-
shooting the desired approach path and/or increasing airspeed.
UNDERSHOOT SHEAR — A wind shear occurrence which produces an INITIAL effect of under-
shooting the desired approach path and/or decreasing airspeed.
AUSTRALIA
2 ABBREVIATIONS
ABV Above . . .
AC Altocumulus
AERIS Automatic Enroute Information Service
AFT After . . .
AIRMET Information in plain language concerning weather significant to light
aircraft operations at or below 10,000 ft.
AMD Amend, Amended
AMDAR Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay
APRX Approximate, Approximately
AQZ Area QNH zone
ARFOR Area Forecast
ARP Air-Report (message type designator)
ARS Special Air-Report (message type designator)
AS Altostratus
ATP AT . . . (time or place)
AUTO Fully Automated Report (MET code)
AWIS Aerodrome Weather Information Service
AWS Automatic Weather Station
BASE Cloud Base
BCFG Fog Patches
BECMG Becoming
BFR Before
BKN Broken (Cloud Descriptor)
BL... Blowing (followed by DU=dust; SA=sand; or SN=snow)
BLO Below Clouds
BLW Below
BR Mist
BTL Between Layers
BTN Between
C Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)
AUSTRALIA
CAT Clear Air Turbulence

CAVOK Visibility, cloud and present weather better than prescribed values or
conditions
CB Cumulonimbus
CC Cirrocumulus
CI Cirrus
CLA Clear type of ice formation
CLD Cloud
COT At the Coast, Coastal
COV Cover, Covered, Covering
CS Cirrostratus
CU Cumulus
CUF Cumuliform
DIF Diffuse
DP Dew Point Temperature
DPT Depth
DR... Low Drifting (followed by DU=dust; SA=sand; or SN=snow)
DRG During
DS Duststorm
DTRT Deteriorate, Deteriorating
DU Dust
DUC Dense Upper Cloud
DUR Duration
DVOR Doppler VOR
DZ Drizzle
EMBD Embedded in a layer (to indicate cumulonimbus embedded in layers
of other clouds)
EXP Expect, Expected, Expecting
EXTD Extend, Extended, Extending
FBL Light (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena, interfer-
ence or static reports; e.g., FBL RA = light rain)
FC Funnel Cloud (tornado or water spout)
AUSTRALIA
FCST Forecast
FEW Few (cloud descriptor)
FG Fog
FLUC Fluctuating, Fluctuation, Fluctuated
FM... From (followed by time weather change is forecast to begin)
FRQ Frequent
FU Smoke
FZ Freezing
FZDZ Freezing Drizzle
FZFG Freezing Fog
FZL Freezing Level
FZRA Freezing Rain
G Variation from mean wind speed (gusts) (used in METAR/SPECI and
TAF code forms)
GR Hail
GS Small Hail and/or Snow Pellets
H High pressure area or the center of high pressure
HGT Height, Height Above
HURCN Hurricane
HVY Heavy (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena; e.g.,
HVY RA = heavy rain)
HYR Higher
HZ Haze
HZS Horizontal Surface
IAO In and out of clouds
IC Ice Crystals (MET Code)
ICE Icing, Ice
IMPR Improve, Improving, Improvement
INC In Cloud
INTER Intermittent, Intermittently
INTSF Intensify, Intensifying
AUSTRALIA
INTST Intensity
ISA International Standard Atmosphere
ISOL Isolated
JTST Jet Stream
KPA Kilopascals
L Low pressure area or the center of low pressure
LOC Locally, Location, Located, Local
LV Light and Variable (relating to wind)
LVE Leave, Leaving
LYR Layer, Layered
MBST Microburst
MET Meteorological, Meteorology
METAR Aviation routine weather report (in aeronautical meteorological code)
METRAD MET Radar
MET REPORT Aviation routine weather report
MI Shallow (MET)
MIFG Shallow Fog
MO Meteorological Office
MOD Moderate (used to indicate the intensity of weather phenomena, in-
terference or static reports; e.g., MOD RA = moderate rain)
MON Above Mountains
MOV Move, Moved, Moving, Movement
MRP ATS/MET Reporting Point
MTW Mountain Waves
MWO Meteorological Watch Office
MX Mixed type of ice formation (white and clear)
NC No Change
NCD No Cloud Detected (by ceilometer) [used in automated METAR/
SPECI]
NIL None
NOSIG No Significant Change
AUSTRALIA
NSC Nil Significant Cloud

NSW Nil Significant Weather
NTA No TAF Amendment
NXT Next
OBS Observe, Observed, Observation
OBSC Obscure, Obscured, Obscuring
OPA Opaque, white type of ice formation
OPMET Operational Meteorological
OPR Operator, Operate, Operative, Operating, Operational
OTLK Outlook (used in SIGMET messages for volcanic ash and tropical cy-
clones)
OVC Overcast
PIB Preflight Information Bulletin
PL Ice Pellets
PO Dust Devils
PRFG Aerodrome Partially Covered by Fog (MET code)
PROB Probable, Probability
QUAD Quadrant
RA Rain
RAD Radius
RAFC Regional Area Forecast Center
RAG Ragged
RAPIC Radar Picture (meteorology)
RE... Recent (used to qualify weather phenomena; e.g., RERA = recent
rain)
RFC Regional Forecasting Center (MET)
RMK Remark(s)
ROBEX Regional OPMET Bulletin Exchanges
ROFOR Route Forecast (in aeronautical meteorological code)
RSWT Route sector winds and temperatures
SA Sand
AUSTRALIA
SC Stratocumulus
SCT Scattered
SEA Sea (used in conjunction with sea-surface temperature and state of
the sea)
SEV Severe (used; e.g., to qualify icing and turbulence reports)
SFC Surface
SG Snow Grains
SH... Showers (followed by RA-rain; SN-snow; PL-ice pellets; GR-hail; GS-
small hail and/or snow pellets or combinations thereof; e.g.,
SHRASN = showers of rain and snow)
SIG Significant
SIGMET Information concerning enroute weather phenomena which may af-
fect the safety of aircraft operations
SKC Sky Clear
SKED Schedule, Scheduled
SLW Slow, Slowly
SN Snow
SNOWTAM A special series NOTAM notifying the presence or removal of haz-
ardous conditions due to snow, ice, slush or standing water associ-
ated with snow, slush and ice on the movement area
SPECI Aviation Special Weather (in aeronautical meteorological code)
SPOT Spot wind
SQ Squall
SS Sandstorm
ST Stratus
STF Stratiform
STNR Stationary
SWS Soft Wet Surface
T Temperature
TAF Aerodrome Forecast
TAIL Tailwind
TAT Terminal Area Thunderstorm Service (meteorological term)
TC Tropical Cyclone
AUSTRALIA
TCAC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center

TCU Towering Cumulus
TDO Tornado
TIL Until
TIP Until Past (place)
TN Indicator for Minimum Temperature (MET – used in TAF code form)
TOP Cloud Top
TROP Tropopause
TS... Thunderstorm (followed by RA-rain; SN-snow; PL-ice pellets; GR-
hail; GS-small hail and/or snow pellets or combinations thereof; e.g.,
TSRASN = thunderstorm with rain and snow)
TTF Trend Forecast
TURB Turbulence
TX Indicator for Maximum Temperature (MET – used in TAF code form)
TYPH Typhoon
UP Unknown Precipitation
V Variation from mean wind speed (used in METAR/SPECI code
forms)
VA Volcanic Ash
VAAC Volcanic Ash Advisory Center
VC... Vicinity of the Aerodrome (followed by FG-fog; FC-funnel cloud; PO-
dust/sand whirls; BLDU-blowing dust; BLSA-blowing sand; or BLSN-
blowing snow; e.g., VCFG = vicinity fog)
VRB Variable
VV Vertical Visibility (used in METAR/SPECI and TAF code forms)
WAFC World Area Forecast Center
WAFS World Area Forecast System
WATIR Weather and Terminal Information Reciter
WDSPR Widespread
WI Within
WINTEM Forecast upper wind and temperature at specified points (in aero-
nautical meteorological code)
WKN Weaken, Weakening
AUSTRALIA
WRNG Warning
WS Wind Shear
WTSPT Waterspout
WX Weather
XS Atmospheric
Z Coordinated Universal Time (in meteorological messages)
AUSTRALIA
METEOROLOGY SERVICES
1 METEOROLOGICAL AUTHORITY
1.1 Meteorological services for civil aviation in Australia and its Territories are provided by the
Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM).
Postal Address:
Director of Meteorology
Address: GPO Box 1289
Melbourne, Victoria
Australia
3001
Tel: (03) 9669 4000
Fax: (03) 9669 4699
Telex: AA 30664
METAUST MELBOURNE
2 AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY
2.1 The area of responsibility of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) covers the Austral-
ian FIRs and Australian external territories in other FIRs.
2.2 Meteorological watch for an area or a route is carried out by officers of the BoM by surveil-
lance of all reports for an area or route, with the object of amendment of forecasts and/or the
issue of SIGMET and AIRMET advices. Meteorological watch service is provided to the pilot-in-
command through ATS units.
3 METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES
3.1 Meteorological services are provided by officers of the BoM within the types of meteorologi-
cal offices listed below:
a. Aviation Weather Centre (AWC). AWC is located within the National Meteorological and
Oceanographic Centre (NMOC) at Melbourne and originates forecasts and warnings for
operations above A100 on domestic air routes and for international operations within the
Australian region.
b. Regional Forecasting Centre (RFC). RFCs are located at State Capital cities. For aviation
requirements, RFCs originate and obtain warnings, forecasts and other relevant information
for flights with which they are concerned and maintain a meteorological watch over the aero-
dromes for which they are responsible.
c. Defence Weather Service Office (DWSO). DWSOs provide forecasts and warnings for at
least the local aerodrome. They also supply and display meteorological information and pro-
vide briefing and documentation for military aircrew.
d. Meteorological Watch Office (MWO). MWOs are located within all RFCs. They maintain
watch over meteorological conditions affecting flight operations in assigned areas and pre-
pare and disseminate SIGMET information relating to these areas.
AUSTRALIA
e. Meteorological Office (MO). MOs provide a range of observing and forecasting functions.
In particular, local aviation forecasting services are offered at Cairns and Canberra. The pri-
mary role of other Meteorological offices is the taking, recording and transmission of surface
and upper air observations. They do not provide meteorological briefing services to pilots,
but may assist, if required, in explaining the meaning of terms used in forecasts. With prior
notice, some of these offices may be able to assist in arranging to have documentation avail-
able.
f. Airport Meteorological Unit (AMU). Currently, the only AMU in Australia is located at
Sydney Airport. Its main function is to provide meteorological services for Sydney Airport and
support for air traffic services and users of Sydney Airport. It provides a telephone briefing
service only.
g. Meteorological Support for the National Operations Centre (NOC). This unit is located
within Airservices' NOC to provide meteorological support to the centre.
3.2 Meteorological information is available by telephone and electronic briefing systems from the
Brisbane Briefing Office. Documentation is also available by facsimile.
3.3 METAR, SPECI, TTF and TAF will generally be encoded using the international weather
code listed Weather code and translation. When these messages are passed to pilots verbally,
limited plain language will be used. See Aerodrome Weather and Forecast Decode, for other
details relating to the decoding of aerodrome weather forecasts.
3.4 ATS METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE

3.4.1 The ATS meteorological information service is contained within the Flight Information
Service (FIS).
4 METEOROLOGICAL BRIEFING
4.1 A limited elaborative briefing service is available from Regional Forecasting Centres (RFCs)
and Meteorological Offices (MOs) on the following telephone numbers (briefing may not be availa-
ble 24/7):
Adelaide 08 8366 2617

Canberra 02 6247 0411
Cairns 07 4034 9437
Brisbane 07 3229 1854
Darwin 08 8920 3833
Hobart 03 6221 2026
Melbourne 03 9669 4850
Perth 08 9263 2255
Sydney 02 9296 1527
AUSTRALIA
NOTE: Conversations on these briefing services are recorded.
5 AVAILABILITY OF METEOROLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION

5.1 Available documents include the following:
a. surface synoptic charts;
b. forecast upper level charts;
c. satellite imagery;
d. grid point winds and temperatures;
e. route sector winds and temperatures;
f. significant weather charts; and
g. area forecasts, and
h. TAFs and TTFs.
6 NOTIFICATION REQUIRED FROM OPERATORS

6.1 INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Forecast Required Availability Notice Required

Preliminary operational planning (to assist
in the general planning of the following 3-24 hours before EOBT 8 hours
day’s operations)
At least 3 hours before
Preflight 8 hours
EOBT
Enroute As arranged
6.2 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS

6.2.1 All meteorological information issued on a routine basis and held by the briefing office con-
cerned is available without prior notice. Eight (8) hours notice is required for non-routine fore-
casts.
6.3 FORECASTS FOR FLIGHTS – VALID AREA FORECASTS NOT

AVAILABLE
6.3.1 Route forecasts required for flights for which valid Area Forecasts are not available will be
supplied subject to the prior notification specified in the following table:
AUSTRALIA
Forecast Required Availability Notice Required

Preflight 1 hour before EOBT 3 hours
Preflight for multi-stage flights having a
1 hour before EOBT 8 hours
flight duration of more than 6 hours.
Enroute As arranged 3 hours
NOTE: Every effort will be made to expedite meteorological documentation for Mercy and SAR
flights.
Notification should include part or all of the following information:
a. departure aerodrome and EOBT;
b. destination and ETA;
c. route;
d. ETAs and EOBTs for intermediate stopping places;
e. alternate aerodrome and probable ETAs;
f. heights for upper winds and temperatures;
g. aerodrome(s) at which flight documentation is required; and
h. time briefing required.
AUSTRALIA
AVIATION FORECASTS
1 AREA FORECAST (ARFOR) BOUNDARIES
2 AREA FORECASTS FOR OPERATIONS AT OR BELOW FL200

These domestic forecasts are issued in narrative form for aircraft operations at or below FL200.
They comprise a statement of the general synoptic situation and the meteorological conditions
expected to prevail in the designated area. A Flight Forecast (which is the same as an Area Fore-
cast except it is for a route rather than an area) may be issued for any part of a flight for which a
routine Area Forecast is not prepared.
2.2 These forecasts are available from ATS automated briefing systems and briefing offices.
2.3 The domestic area forecast system provides for the routine issue of forecasts for designated
areas and the prompt issue of amendments to forecasts immediately that prescribed criteria is
satisfied.
AUSTRALIA
AVIATION FORECASTS
2.3.1 Preparation and Issue Times

a. No forecast is less than 9 hours or greater than 15 hours.
b. The area forecast covering daylight hours is available as soon as practicable in the morning.
c. Area forecasts are available a minimum of one hour before validity, except Western Aus-
tralia, where they are available two hours before validity.
2.3.2 Approved Abbreviations Used in Area Forecasts
a. Clouds: CU, TCU, SC, CB, ST, AS, AC, NS or combinations of these.
b. Weather: DZ, RA, SN, TS, SHGR, SHGS, FG, TSRA, TSGR, TSGS, SHRA, SHSN
c. Cloud Amounts: FEW, SCT, BKN, OVC and for CB, ISOL, OCNL, FRQ, EMBD.
d. Qualifiers: MOD, SEV.
e. Units: KT, KM, M, FT.
f. Time: Z.
g. Variations: TEMPO, INTER, FM and BECMG are only used for Critical Locations.
h. Directions: N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW.
i. General: AMD.
3 FORECASTS FOR OPERATIONS ABOVE A100

3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 These forecasts are issued in chart form for aircraft operations above A100. They are
issued for the area and times covering the periods set out in Preparation and Issue Times, and
utilize symbols and abbreviations to depict significant meteorological conditions, and grid-point
winds and temperatures as detailed in Grid Point Forecasts.
3.1.2 They are available from the ATS Automated Briefing Systems AVFAX, DECTALK, ATS
briefing offices by telephone or facsimile, and meteorological offices.
The following upper-air charts and data are issued:
a. significant weather (SIGWX) charts
b. grid point forecasts
c. route sector winds and temperatures
d. wind and temperature charts
3.2 DOCUMENTATION
3.2.1 The meteorological documentation for operations above FL200 will consist of the follow-
ing, as appropriate:
a. Forecasts;
AUSTRALIA
AVIATION FORECASTS
b. Significant Weather Prognostic Charts;

1. Latitude Equator – 50° S, Longitude 100 – 180° E valid at 0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC,
or
2. WAFS charts as applicable for areas outside of the above.
c. Wind and Temperature Charts:
1. Produced for the Australian region plus ICAO Areas E, F and K.
2. Valid at 0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC, and updated six hourly.
d. Grid Point Forecasts (wind and temperature):
1. Latitude 10-50° S, Longitude 100-160° E for FL385, FL340, FL300, FL235, FL185 valid
at 0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC;
2. WAFS charts as applicable for areas outside of the above.
NOTE: Charts are a mercator projection.
e. For domestic operations, Route Sector Winds and Temperatures together with standard
flight plan numbers for frequently used air routes.
3.3 SIGNIFICANT WEATHER CHARTS

3.3.1 The significant weather expected in the airspace from FL 250 to FL 630 (SIGWX High)
and A100 to FL250 (SIGWX Medium) are depicted on the relevant chart using approved symbols
and abbreviations. Significant features of the surface synoptic situation are also usually shown.
3.3.2 For domestic operations, the products of paragraph 3.2.1 b.(1) will be used; and for inter-
national operations, that of paragraph 3.2.1 b.(2).
3.3.3 The availability of the Australian area SIGWX High are as follows:
Available (UTC) Valid (UTC)

0800 0000
1400 0600
2000 1200
0200 1800
Availability of SIGWX Medium is about one hour later.

3.3.4 Significant variations during three hours each side of the validity time are included on the
chart.
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3.4 SIGNIFICANT WEATHER CHARTS — SYMBOLS

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3.5 EXAMPLE — SIGNIFICANT WEATHER PROGNOSIS
NOTE 1: Significant variations during three hours each side of the validity time are included on
the chart.
NOTE 2: SIGWX High will be annotated ICAO AREA AUSTRALIA SIGWX FL250-630.
NOTE 3: For SIGWX Medium level (SWM) the chart will be annotated “Significant weather
(SIGWX) A100 – FL250”. Weather phenomena below A100 will not normally be shown.
NOTE 4: Heights are indicated on SWH and SWM charts in flight level (FL), top over base. When
XXX is used, tops or bases are outside the layer of atmosphere to which the chart applies.
NOTE 5: Cumulonimbus, altocumulus and altostratus clouds are indicated by the abbreviations
CB, AC and AS respectively. CB is proceeded by ISOL (isolated, i.e. individual), OCNL (occa-
sional, i.e. well separated), FRQ (frequent, i.e. little or no separation) or EMBD (embedded in
layers of other clouds or concealed by haze). AC and AS amounts are indicated by the abbrevia-
tions FEW, SCT, BKN or OVC. The upper figure following the abbreviations is the approximate
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AVIATION FORECASTS
flight level at the top of the cloud; the lower figure indicates the approximate flight level of the
base of the cloud; XXX will indicate that the base or top is outside the layer of atmosphere to
which the chart applies.
NOTE 6: The use of the abbreviation CB implies associated thunderstorms and the occurrence of
turbulence and icing.
NOTE 7: A similar convention is employed to indicate the height indications of phenomena such
as aircraft icing, turbulence, etc.
NOTE 8: When shown, centers of surface high or low pressure are represented by H or L respec-
tively, the position at the surface of the point of highest or lowest pressure is indicated by a “+”,
followed by the value of the MSL pressure in hectopascals. When used, an arrow indicates the
expected speed of movement (in knots). Movement of other significant features is shown in simi-
lar fashion.
NOTE 9: Colors, if used, are to improve clarity of the presentation and have no other significance.
3.6 WIND AND TEMPERATURE CHARTS

3.6.1 Wind and temperature charts are provided for four regions:
a. Australian Region - Latitude 0 to 50S, Longitude 100E to 180E
b. ICAO Area E - Latitude 45N to 47S, Longitude 25E to180E
c. ICAO Area F - Latitude 42 30N to 47 30S, Longitude 100E to 110W
d. ICAO Area K - Latitude 0 to 90S, Longitude 0 to 180W
NOTE: Charts are a mercator projection except for ICAO Area K which is polar stereographic.
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3.6.2 Example — Wind and Temperature Chart (Example)

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3.7 GRID POINT FORECASTS

3.7.1 Grid point wind and temperature forecast charts provide a display of wind and temperature
data derived from World Area Forecast System (WAFS) models. The data is presented in 5° lati-
tude and longitude squares overlaid on a geographic background. The values given represent the
wind and temperature at a specific flight level for the mid point of each square.
3.7.2 Grid point winds and temperatures are presented to aircrew on a geographic background
to facilitate interpretation on specific routes.
3.7.3 A block of Grid Point data contains the following information for each level:
a. dd: two numbers indicating the wind direction in degrees true to the nearest 10°;
b. fff: three numbers indicating the wind speed to the nearest 5KT;
c. tt: two numbers indicating the mean temperature in degrees Celsius (without the negative
sign).
Example: 2503563 dd fff tt

25 035 63
3.7.4 Grid point forecasts are issued two times daily according to the following schedule, with
data for three validity times at each issue.
Approximate Issue Time Validity Times

0800 1200, 1800, 0000
2000 0000, 0600, 1200
NOTE:
a. Validity periods for Grid Point Forecasts are +/-3 hours of the above validity times.
b. Issue time is approximate
3.7.5 Receipt of a forecast for a particular validity time will automatically amend and supersede
any prior issue for that time. Both issue and validity times appear with each forecast.
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3.7.8 Example — Grid Point Forecast
3.8 ROUTE SECTOR WINDS AND TEMPERATURES

3.8.1 Route Sector Winds and Temperatures (RSWT) forecast messages are provided for vari-
ous sectors of frequently used domestic air routes.
3.8.1.1 RSWT forecasts are prepared for six levels:
150 hPa – FL445
200 hPa – FL385
250 hPa – FL340
300 hPa – FL300
400 hPa – FL235
500 hPa – FL185
3.8.2 A block of RSWT data contains the following information for each level:
a. two numbers indicating the wind direction in degrees true to the nearest 10 degrees;
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b. three numbers indicating the wind speed to the nearest 5 knots;

c. two numbers indicating the mean temperature in degrees Celsius (without the negative sign).
3.8.3 Mean winds are usually given for the whole sector, but on some of the longer routes
RSWT information is subdivided into segments which are indicated in the title of the data box.
3.8.4 RSWT forecasts are issued twice daily with data for three validity times at each issue.
Approximate Issue Time Validity Times

0800 1200, 1800, 0000
2000 0000, 0600, 1200
NOTE:
a. Validity periods for RSWT are +/- 3 hours of the above validity times.
b. Issue time is approximate.
3.8.5 Receipt of a forecast for a particular validity automatically supersedes any prior issue for
that time. Both issue and validity times appear with each forecast, and amended information is
highlighted with a “+” symbol.
3.8.6 RSWT forecasts are available from AVFAX and from BoM and Airservices Australia web
sites.
3.8.7 Example of RSWT Messages
FORECAST ROUTE SECTOR WINDS AND TEMPERATURES. BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY
– BRISBANE 02:16 UTC 27/4/1998.
ISSUE 26173 VALID 270300 – 270900

FL – ISA YBBN/25S/YBMA
445 – 56 2703065 2502565
385 – 56 2603054 2503054
340 – 52 2603547 2503045
300 – 45 2703536 2602535
235 – 32 2803019 2801518
185 – 21 2702007 2701006
NOTE 1: Blanks indicate no data available.

NOTE 2: Some sectors are split into more than one RSWT segment; e.g., YBBN/25S/YBMA.
3.8.8 Route Sector Numbers
1. YMML – YSSY
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AVIATION FORECASTS
2. YMML – YMHB
3. YMML – YPAD
4. YMML – CANDY
5. CANDY – CRICK
6. YCDU – YCAG
7. YCAG – YPPH
8. CRICK – YPPH
9. YMML – YMMI – LGS
10. YPAD – YPWR – YBAS
11. YPPH – ERE – YPPD
12. YPPD – CIN – TROUT – YPDN
13. YPDN – GRY – YBTL
14. YBBN – YBMK – YBCS
15. YSSY – YBBN
16. YBBN – 25S – YBMA
17. YBMA – YPDN
18. YBAS – ASB – YPDN
19. YPAD – LGS
20. YMMI – YCDU
21. YSSY – APOMA
22. APOMA – 138E – YBAS
23. YBBN – YROM – NONET – YBAS
24. YBAS – YBMA
25. YBMA – YBTL
26. YSDU – VENEL – YPAD
27. YSSY – YMCO – YMHB
28. YMML – YMDG – YBBN
29. LGS – YBAS
30. YBCS – YBMA
31. [Reserved]
32. YPPH – YCAR – YPLM
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AVIATION FORECASTS
33. YCAR – YPPD

34. [Reserved]
35. YCMU – 143E – YBMA
36. YSSY – 149E – YCMU
37. [Reserved]
38. [Reserved]
39. [Reserved]
40. YPDN – YPGV
41. YPAD – POD – YMHB
42. YBAS – LANOP
43. LANOP – YPKG – YPPH
44. [Reserved]
45. YMML – YGTH – YWLG
46. YLWG – ABR – YBPN
47. YPAD – ISLAV – YCAG
48. YSSY – YGTH – YPAD
49. YBBN – YWLG
50. YPGV – YBCS
51. YPPH – KAGUX – YPKA
52. YBCS – YHID
53. YSSY – 28S
54. 28S – YEML – YBTL
55. YPPH – YMOG – YNWN
56. YNWN – CIN
57. YCAR – YNWN
58. YPLM – YPPD
59. YGEL – GAS – WAL
60. YPAD – YOOM
61. YBBN – YSDU
62. YWLG – 141E – YCDU
63. YSSY – TAM – YBMK
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4 AERODROME FORECASTS
4.1 Aerodrome forecasts (TAF) are a statement of meteorological conditions expected for a
specified period in the airspace within a radius of five (5) nautical miles of the aerodrome refer-
ence point.
4.2 The TAF service provided is in accordance with the airfield category, the category of airfield
being determined by the type and the amount of traffic as shown in the following table:
CATEGO-
AERODROME TYPE ROUTINE TAF SERVICE
RY
International. Issued 6 hourly, valid for 18, 24 or 30 hours.
Major International Commencement times 00, 06, 12, 18 Z
Restricted Use International Continuous MET watch and amendment service
A International Alternates
International Non-Sched-
uled
External Territory Interna-
tional Airport
Major Domestic: Issued 6 hourly, valid for 12, 18 or 24 hours
Passengers above 40,000 Commencement times 00, 06, 12, 18 Z
B
pa Continuous MET watch and amendment service
Control tower
Minor Domestic: As determined by consultation with clients
C Passengers below 40,000 Meteorological watch & amendment service during
pa validity
Strategic Domestic: As determined by consultation with clients
D Alternate for RPT Meteorological watch & amendment service during
Other Aerodromes validity
E Observations only: No TAF service except for SAR, mercy flights etc on
Critical Locations request
Aerodromes with AWS

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4.3 AERODROMES AND CATEGORIES FOR WHICH TAF WILL BE

AVAILABLE
AERODROME CATEGORY
Adelaide A
Albany B
Albury B
Alice Springs A
Amberley (RAAF) B
Archerfield B
Argyle D
Armidale B
Avalon A
Ayers Rock (Yulara) B
Bairnsdale D
Balgo Hill D
Ballarat D
Ballera Gas Field D
Ballina/Byron Gateway B
Bankstown B
Barcaldine D
Barrow Island D
Batchelor E
Bathurst C
Bathurst Island (Nguiu) D
Bayu Undan D
Bendigo D
Birdsville D
Blackall D
Borroloola D
Boulia D
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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Bourke D
Brisbane A
Broken Hill B
Broome A
Browse Island D
Bundaberg B
Burketown D
Busseltown D
Cairns A
Camden B
Canberra A
Carnarvon C
Casino E
Ceduna C
Century Mine D
Cessnock D
Charleville C
Charlton E
Charters Towers D
Christmas Island A
Clermont D
Cleve D
Cloncurry D
Cobar D
Cocos Island A
Coen D
Coffs Harbour A
Coldstream E
Condobolin D
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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Coober Pedy C
Cooktown C
Cooma C
Coonabarabran D
Coonamble D
Cootamundra D
Corowa D
Cowra D
Cunderdin D
Cunnamulla D
Curtin/Derby South B
Darwin A
Delamere Weapons Range E
Deniliquin D
Derby D
Devonport B
Dubbo B
East Sale (RAAF) B

Edenhope E
Edinburgh (RAAF) B
Elcho Island (Ngayawili) C
Emerald B
Ernabella (Pukatja) D
Esperance C
Essendon B
Falls Creek E
Fitzroy Crossing D
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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Flinders Island C
Forbes D
Forrest D
Garden Island E
Gayndah D
Georgetown D
Geraldton B
Giles D
Gin Gin (RAAF) E
Gladstone B
Glen Innes D
Gold Coast (Coolangatta) A
Goondiwindi D
Goulburn D
Gove B
Grafton D
Griffith B
Groote Eylandt C
Gunnedah D
Halls Creek D
Hamilton D
Hamilton Island B
Hay D
Hervey Bay B
Hobart A
Hooker Creek (Lajamanu) D
Hopetoun E
Horn Island A
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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Horsham D
Hughenden D
Innisfail D
Inverell D
Ivanhoe D
Jabiru D
Jabiru Venture D
Jandakot B
Jervois E
Julia Creek D
Kadina E
Kalgoorlie A
Kalumburu E
Karratha B
Kempsey D
Kilmore Gap (KMG) E
King Island C
Kingaroy D
Kingscote B
Kintore (Wulungurru) D
Kowanyama D
Kununurra B
Latrobe Valley D
Launceston A
Laverton (WA) D
Learmonth A
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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Leigh Creek D
Leinster D
Leonora D
Lismore B
Lockhart River D
Longreach C
Lord Howe Island A
Mackay B
Maitland D
Mallacoota D
Mangalore D
Maningrida C
Mareeba D
Maree E
Maryborough (QLD) C
McArthur River Mine D
Meekatharra D
Melbourne A
Merimbula B
Mildura B
Milingimbi D
Modec Venture D
Moomba D
Moorabbin B
Moranbah C
Morawa E
Moree C
Morinington Is D
Moruya C
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AERODROME CATEGORY
Moss Vale E
Mount Boyce E
Mount Buller E
Mount Gambier B
Mount Hotham D
Mount Isa B
Mount Keith D
Mount Magnet D
Mudgee D
Mungalalu-Truscott D
Murray Bridge D
Murrin Murrin D
Murrurundi E
Naracoorte D
Narrabri C
Narrandera C
Newman B
Ngukurr D
Nhill D
Norfolk Island A
Normanton D
Norseman D
North Rankin D
Northern Endeavour D
Nowra B
Nyngan D
Oakey B
Olympic Dam C
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AERODROME CATEGORY
Onslow D
Oodnadetta D
Orange B
Paraburdoo B
Parafield B
Parkes C
Pearce (RAAF) B
Perth A
Point Cook (RAAF) D
Port Augusta D
Port Hedland A
Port Keats D
Port Lincoln B
Port Macquarie B
Portland C
Proserpine/Whiltsunday Coast B
Quilpie D
Renmark D
Richmond (QLD) D
Richmond (RAAF) A
Robe E
Rockhampton A
Roebourne E
Roma C
Rottnest Island D
Samuel Hill (RAAF) D

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AVIATION FORECASTS
AERODROME CATEGORY
Scherger D
Scone D
Shark Bay D
Shepparton D
Smith Point D
Smithton D
Snake Bay D
South Goulburn Island (Warruwi) D
Southern Cross D
St George D
St Helens D
Stawell E
Strahan D
Sunshine Coast B
Swan Hill D
Sydney A
Tamworth B
Tarcoola D
Tasman Island E
Telfer D
Temora D
Tennant Creek D
Thangool C
Thargomindah D
The Granites D
The Monument D
Tibooburra D
Tindal A
Toowoomba D
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AERODROME CATEGORY
Townsville A
Trepell D
Troughton Island D
Victoria River Downs D
Wagga Wagga B
Walgett D
Wangaratta D
Warburton D
Warrnambool D
Wave Hill D
Weipa B
West Sale D
West Wyalong D
White Cliffs E
Whyalla B
Wilcannia D
Williamson (MIL) D
Williamtown (RAAF) A
Wiluna D
Windorah D
Winton D
Wollongong C
Woomera B
Wudinna D
Wyndham D
Wynyard (Burnie) B
Yarrawonga E
Young D
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AERODROME CATEGORY
Yuendumu D
Yunta E
5 TREND FORECAST (TTF)

5.1 TTFs are prepared for the following locations: Adelaide, Amberley, Brisbane, Cairns, Can-
berra, Darwin, East Sale, Melbourne, Nowra, Oakey, Pearce, Perth, Port Hedland, Rockhampton,
Sydney, Townsville and Williamtown.
NOTE: The provision of TTF at some aerodromes is limited to routine flights only. METAR/SPECI
is normally available outside these hours.
5.2 TTF is defined as an aerodrome weather report (METAR/SPECI) to which a statement of
trend is appended. The TTF relates to weather conditions expected to affect the aerodrome of
origin for the validity period of the forecast. The validity period is normally three hours, commenc-
ing at the time of observation. However, where the TTF service is not a 24 hour service, the valid-
ity period will be less than three hours during the last three hours of service. The end time of this
shortened validity period will be indicated in the remarks section, eg. USE TAF FOR ARRIVAL
AFTER 0800Z.
5.3 The TTF supersedes the TAF for its validity period and is the current forecast for pilots of
aircraft whose arrival time falls within the validity period.
5.3.1 For aerodromes where the TTF service is not a 24 hour service, the TAF will become the
valid forecast from the time indicated in the remarks section of the TTF, eg. USE TAF FOR
ARRIVAL AFTER 0800Z.
NOTE: For pilots whose arrival time falls outside the three-hour period, the TAF is the current
forecast.
5.4 Where applicable, TTF replaces TAF and present weather in VOLMET broadcasts.
6 PROVISIONAL FORECASTS
6.1 Forecasts may be prefixed “PROV” (to denote provisional) when considered likely to be defi-
cient in accuracy because origination was by a forecasting office issuing information for a location
or area not under its authority.
NOTE: The Director of Meteorology may, however, authorize the issue of provisional TAF in addi-
tional circumstances.
6.2 Provisional aerodrome forecasts will be confirmed or amended as soon as possible.
7 SIGNIFICANT FORECAST ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS

7.1 In reports, forecasts and low level area forecasts, the amount of cloud will be indicated by
the following abbreviations:
– SKC = SKY CLEAR
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– FEW = 1 to 2 OKTAS
– SCT = 3 to 4 OKTAS
– BKN = 5 to 7 OKTAS
– OVC = 8 OKTAS
– NSC and CAVOK = NIL SIGNIFICANT CLOUD
7.2 The only cloud types that are included in aeronautical code format are towering cumulus
(TCU) and cumulonimbus (CB). Forecasts in narrative form, such as low level area forecasts, will
continue to include cloud types other than TCU and CB when appropriate.
7.3 In the case of CB cloud, the amount will be indicated in “non-aerodrome” type forecasts as
follows:
– ISOL – ISOLATED: for individual CBs
– OCNL – OCCASIONAL: for well-separated CBs
– FRQ – FREQUENT: for CBs with little or no separation
7.4 GOOD is used in the visibility section of low level area forecasts to indicate a visibility
greater than 10km over the entire area. When weather elements are forecast to reduce the visibil-
ity below 10km, GOOD is replaced by those elements and their associated visibilities. Note that
the visibility remains greater than 10km in parts of the area unaffected by those elements.
7.5 TEMPO and INTER indicate significant variations, from the previously given mean condi-
tions, of a temporary or intermittent nature, expected during the period given in the TAF format
ddhh/ddhh, e.g. 0108/0114 (from 08 until 14 UTC on the 1st), or the TTF format hhmm/hhmm,
e.g. 0630/0900 (from 0630 until 0900 hours UTC).
a. TEMPO is used to indicate change in prevailing conditions expected to last for periods of
between 30 and 60 minutes in each instance;
b. INTER is used to indicate changes expected to occur frequently for periods of less than 30
minutes duration, the conditions fluctuating almost constantly, between the times specified in
the forecast.
7.6 The change groups FM (from) and BECMG (becoming) are used to specify significant
changes (both deteriorations and improvements) from the preceding information that are more
lasting in nature. FM is used when rapid changes are expected at the specified time, and is given
in the TAF format FMddhhmm, e.g. FM301000 (from 1000 UTC on the 30th), or the TTF format
FMhhmm, e.g. FM1815 (from 1815 UTC). BECMG is given only in TAF and is used when the
changes are expected to develop at a regular or irregular rate during the specified time period,
and is given in the format BECMG ddhh/ddhh, e.g. BECMG 3010/3011 (between 10 and 11 UTC
on the 30th) . In both cases, the new conditions will continue until the end of the validity period of
the TAF/TTF, or until replaced by another FM or BECMG.
7.7 PROB% is used to indicate an expected 30 or 40% probability of occurrence, e.g. PROB30.
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8 CLOUD HEIGHT DATUM

8.1 In aerodrome and trend forecasts, cloud heights are given above aerodrome elevations. In
other forecasts, heights are expressed:
a. as a flight level; or
b. with reference to mean sea level.
9 FORECAST AMENDMENTS
9.1 Amendments to forecasts are issued as necessary when changes are expected during the
period of validity of a given forecast.
10 WIND SHEAR WARNING SERVICE

10.1 GENERAL
10.1.1 Aircraft reports of wind shear encountered during climb and descent are the primary
means of detecting wind shear. The meteorological forecasting office provides advice, when pos-
sible, on the likely duration of the event and forecast low level winds.
10.1.2 Where wind shear has been observed and reported, or when from a consideration of the
meteorological situation it is assessed as a risk, then a WIND SHEAR WARNING is issued. Wind
Shear Warnings for an event will specify a validity period, and sequence numbers will be
assigned to each warning associated with an event. A Wind Shear Warning will be cancelled
when wind shear is no longer expected. This service is provided at Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns,
Darwin, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney, and some defense locations.
10.1.2 When wind shear is forecast or reported by pilots at an intensity greater than “light,” this
information, together with a forecast low level wind, will be included on the ATIS at any of the
above aerodromes.
10.2 WIND SHEAR — PILOT REPORTING

10.2.1 Wind shear encountered by aircraft must be reported by pilots to ATS.
10.2.1.1 Due to cockpit workload, reports may be initially reported as WIND SHEAR and a full
report provided when workload allows.
10.2.1.2 The full report must include:
a. an assessment of the intensity as follows:
1. light – shear causing minor excursions from flight path and/or airspeed;
2. moderate – shear causing significant effect on control of the aircraft;
3. strong – shear causing difficulty in keeping the aircraft to desired flight path and/or air-
speed; or
4. severe – shear causing hazardous effects to aircraft controllability.
b. a factual plain language report regarding airspeed/ground speed changes (gain or loss) or
undershoot/overshoot effects; and
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AVIATION FORECASTS
c. the altitude or altitude band at which the adverse effect was experienced; and
d. where practicable, other relevant information such as significant changes in wind direction
and/or speed may be included.
10.2.2 At non-towered aerodromes, the report should also be broadcast to all aircraft on the
CTAF and should include the name of the aerodrome.
10.2.3 The responsibility to continue an approach to land, or to take-off, following notification of
low level wind shear, rests with the pilot-in-command.
11 AERODROME WEATHER AND FORECAST DECODE

11.1 IDENTIFIER
11.1.1 METAR is used to identify routine observations (hourly or half hourly) when conditions
are at or above specified levels. SPECI is used to identify special observations; ie, observations
when conditions are below specified criteria, or when there have been significant changes since
the previous report. SPECI is also used to identify observations reported 10 minutes following an
improvement to above SPECI conditions;
11.1.2 TTF METAR or TTF SPECI is used to identify METAR or SPECI to which a trend fore-
cast is appended (see also para 5.2). The use of this identifier is restricted to those locations
which issue Trend Forecasts;
11.1.3 TAF, TAF AMD, TAF COR, TAF... CNL, TAF ... NIL and PROV TAF are used to identify
Aerodrome Forecast, Amended Aerodrome Forecast, Corrected Aerodrome Forecast, Cancelled
Aerodrome Forecast, Nil Aerodrome Forecast and Provisional Aerodrome Forecast respectively.
NOTE: Examples of message formats can be found in paragraph 11.21.
11.2 LOCATION
11.2.1 The location is indicated by the ICAO location indicator, the place name or the approved
abbreviation.
11.3 ORIGINATION TIME

11.3.1 The origination time of a TAF and METAR/SPECI is given in UTC using a six figure
group followed by the abbreviation Z.
11.4 VALIDITY PERIOD

11.4.1 The validity period of a TAF is given in UTC in the format ddhh/ddhh, where ddhh is the
day of month and hour, e.g. 0100/0206 is a validity period from 00 UTC on the 1st until 0600 UTC
on the 2nd.
11.5 AUTO
11.5.1 This group will be included when the METAR/SPECI contains only automated observa-
tions, which may include visibility, present weather, and cloud.
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11.5.2 When the Automatic Weather Station (AWS) includes sensors for horizontal visibility,
present weather and cloud, the AUTO report will include the parameters from these sensors in the
“body of the message” (where previously only manually observed visibility, present weather and
cloud data were included).
NOTE: Pilots should exercise caution when interpreting automated visibility, present weather and
cloud information as data from these instruments may not be equivalent to human observations.
11.6 WIND
11.6.1 Wind direction is rounded to the nearest 10 degrees and is given in three (3) figures relat-
ing to True North.
11.6.2 Wind speeds are given in two (2) figures.
11.6.3 When the wind is calm, the group is encoded as 00000KT.
11.6.4 A variable wind direction is given as VRB and is used when the reporting or forecasting
of a mean wind direction is not possible, such as in the following conditions:
a. Light winds (3 kt or less)
b. When forecasting a single direction is not possible; eg, with a tropical cyclone, or with the
passage of a thunderstorm, in which case the forecast wind might be, for example,
VRB60KT.
11.6.5 Maximum wind speed is given only when it is 10 kt or more greater than the mean wind
speed. It is indicated by the letter G which is followed by the maximum wind speed; eg, 280°,
mean speed 20 kt, maximum speed 35 kt, is given as 28020G35KT.
11.7 VISIBILITY
11.7.1 In TAF, the prevailing visibility (the greatest visibility coveringmore than half the aero-
drome) is always given.
11.7.2 In METAR/SPECI, if the visibility is not the same in different directions and:
a. the minimum visibility is the prevailing visibility, or
b. if the visibility is fluctuating rapidly, then the minimum visibility is the only information provi-
ded.
11.7.3 When the minimum visibility is not the prevailing visibility and the minimum visibility is
less than 5000M, both the prevailing visibility and the minimum visibility will be given. In this case
the prevailing visibility is reported first followed by the minimum visibility including an indicator to
show the general direction of the minimum visibility in relation to the observing point (the meteoro-
logical station), e.g. the visibility groups 9000 0600N indicate a prevailing visibility of 9000M and a
minimum visibility of 600M to the north.
11.7.4 A visibility of 10KM or more is given by 9999.
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AVIATION FORECASTS
11.8 AUTOMATIC VISIBILITY INFORMATION

11.8.1 A report from an AWS with a visibility sensor will include data from this sensor in the
body of the report if the report is fully automated (in which case the abbreviation AUTO is also
included in the message).
NOTE: Pilots should exercise caution when interpreting automated visibility information as it may
not be equivalent to a human observation. The information is reported as a ten minute average;
and, as it is sourced from a single instrument sampling only a very small parcel of the atmos-
phere, it may not be representative of the entire airport.
11.8.2 AWS may issue special reports (SPECI) for visibility using data from visibility sensors
(where previously only manual observations of visibility could initiate a visibility SPECI).
11.9 RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR)

11.9.1 RVR may be reported in SPECI messages from aerodromes with RVR instrumentation.
11.9.2 RVR will be reported in the format RDD/VVVVi or RDD/VVVVVVVVVi where:
a. R and V are fixed
b. DD gives the runway indicator, e.g. 36
c. VVVV gives the RVR value
d. i gives any distinct upward or downward tendency of the RVR over the averaging period,
where i can be either U (upward), D (downward) or N (nil), e.g. R36/0900U
11.9.3 When RDD/VVVVi is reported, VVVV is the average RVR. The averaging period is nor-
mally the preceding 10 minutes.
11.9.4 RDD/VVVVVVVVVi is reported when the RVR has varied significantly during the averag-
ing period. VVVVVVVVV gives the one-minute mean minimum RVR followed by V followed by the
one-minute mean maximum RVR during the averaging period, e.g. R16/0500V1100.
11.9.5 Parallel runways will be distinguished by appending to DD the letter L, C or R indicating
the left, center or right runway, respectively, e.g. R32L/0900.
11.9.6 When the RVR is greater than the maximum value which can be assessed by the system
in use, the group VVVV will be preceded by the indicator P, and VVVV will give the highest value
which can be assessed, e.g. R32L/P1900.
11.9.7 When the RVR value is assessed to be greater than 2000 meters, the group VVVV will
be reported as P2000, e.g. R32L/P2000.
11.9.8 When the RVR is less than the minimum value which can be assessed by the system in
use, the group VVVV will be preceded by the indicator M, and VVVV will give the lowest value
which can be assessed, e.g. R32L/M0100.
11.9.9 When the RVR value is assessed to be less than 50 meters, the group VVVV will be
reported as M0050, e.g. R32L/M0050.
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AVIATION FORECASTS
11.10 PRESENT WEATHER

11.10.1 Present Weather is reported using the codes listed at Section 12.
11.10.2 Appropriate intensity indicators and letter abbreviations will be combined in groups of
two (2) to nine (9) characters to indicate present weather at, or in the vicinity of, the aerodrome. If
more than one form of precipitation is observed, the appropriate letter abbreviations shall be com-
bined in a single group with the first reported being the dominant type of precipitation. In such a
group, the intensity shall refer to the total precipitation.
11.10.3 Up to three (3) groups may be used to report present weather.
11.10.4 The intensity of precipitation, blowing dust, sand or snow, dust storm and sand storm
will be indicated by the prefix (-) for light (+) for heavy, and no prefix for moderate.
11.10.5 The qualifier VC will be used to report certain significant weather phenomena in the
vicinity (between approximately 8 and 16 KM of the aerodrome reference point) of the aerodrome.
11.11 AUTOMATIC PRESENT WEATHER INFORMATION

11.11.1 A report from an AWS with a present weather sensor will include data from this sensor
in the “body of the report” if the report is fully automated, in which case the abbreviation AUTO is
also included in the message. Pilots should exercise caution when interpreting automated present
weather information, as it may not be equivalent to a human observation.
11.12 CLOUD
11.12.1 Cloud height is reported in hundreds of feet using three figures; eg, 700 ft is reported as
007.
11.12.2 Cloud amount is reported using the following abbreviations:
FEW = few 1 to 2 OKTAS

SCT = scattered 3 to 4 OKTAS
BKN = broken 5 to 7 OKTAS
OVC = overcast 8 OKTAS
11.12.3 Nil cloud is reported as SKC (sky clear). Cloud information is not included in a forecast if
the sky is clear.
11.12.4 Cloud information is reported from the lowest to the highest layer or mass in accordance
with the following:
a. The lowest layer or mass, regardless of amount.
b. The next layer or mass, covering more than 2 OKTAS.
c. The next higher layer or mass, covering more than 4 OKTAS.
d. Cumulonimbus and/or towering cumulus clouds, whenever observed and not reported in a.,
b., or c. above.
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AVIATION FORECASTS
11.12.5 Type of cloud is identified only for cumulonimbus and towering cumulus observed at or
near the aerodrome. These will be given as CB and TCU respectively. When an individual layer or
mass of cloud is composed of cumulonimbus and towering cumulus with a common cloud base,
the type of cloud is reported as cumulonimbus only, and the amount shall be reported as the sum
of the CB and TCU amounts.
11.12.6 Whenever cumulonimbus cloud is forecast, the degree of associated thunderstorm
activity or probability of occurrence is included.
11.12.7 A clear sky will be indicated in a report by SKC.
11.12.8 When the sky is obscured, the cloud group is omitted and vertical visibility may be given
in the format VVhhh, where hhh is the vertical visibility in hundreds of feet. When information on
vertical visibility is not available, hhh may be given as ///, indicating that the sky is obscured but
information on the vertical visibility is not available.
11.13 CAVOK
11.13.1 CAVOK is included in the report (from staffed stations only) or forecast when the follow-
ing conditions are observed, or forecast to occur, simultaneously:
a. visibility of 10 kilometers or more;
b. Nil significant cloud, i.e. no cloud below 5,000 ft or below the highest 25NM minimum sector
altitude, whichever is greater, and no cumulonimbus or towering cumulus at any height; and
c. Nil significant weather, i.e. none of the weathers listed at paragraph 12.
When the term CAVOK is given, the elements visibility, weather and cloud will not be given.
11.13.2 In METAR/SPECI, whenever a total of BKN or more low or middle-level cloud is at or
above 5000FT, and CAVOK has been reported, the cloud amount and base will be given after the
RMK indicator.
11.14 AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONS WITH CLOUD INFORMATION

11.14.1 A report from an AWS with a cloud sensor will include data from this sensor in the body
of the report if the report is fully automated (in which case the abbreviation AUTO is also included
in the message). The data will be in the same form as manual reports except that:
a. NCD will be reported if no cloud is detected, and
b. there will be no indication of cumulonimbus or towering cumulus.
NOTE: Pilots should exercise caution when interpreting automated cloud information as it may not
be equivalent to a human observation. The information is reported as a thirty minute average
(with double weighting given to the last ten minutes); and, as it is sourced from a single ceilometer
sampling only the sky directly overhead, it may not be representative of the skyline.
11.14.2 AWS may issue special reports (SPECI) for cloud using data from cloud sensors (where
previously only manual observations of cloud could initiate a cloud SPECI).
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AVIATION FORECASTS
11.15 SIGNIFICANT VARIATION

11.15.1 Aerodrome forecasts will include significant changes or variations (indicated by FM,
BECMG, INTER and TEMPO) to the previously given conditions when the relevant criteria are
met. These relate to improvements as well as deteriorations.
11.15.2 The variation groups TEMPO and INTER are used to indicate significant variations of a
temporary or intermittent nature. The change groups FM and BECMG are used to specify
changes that are more lasting in nature. The indicators are the beginning of a self-contained fore-
cast.
11.15.3 When reduced visibility due to fog, mist, dust, smoke or sand is forecast, but the proba-
bility is assessed at between 30% and 40%, the terms PROB30 or PROB40 are used. The term
may also be added before a TEMPO or INTER statement to express probability assessments of
thunderstorms. If greater than, or equal to, 50% probability is forecast, reference is made to the
phenomena in the forecast itself and not by the addition of the statements PROB30 or PROB40.
11.15.4 The terms NSW (NIL significant weather), SKC and NSC may be included following a
FM or BECMG to indicate significant improvements expected.
11.15.5 If a TAF or TTF includes a forecast of turbulence, its commencement will be indicated
by the abbreviation FM, and its cessation within the forecast coverage will be indicated by the
abbreviation TILL. Start and finish times are given in the format ddhhmm (day of month, hour,
minute). Turbulence associated with cumulonimbus (CB) and towering cumulus (TCU) clouds is
not included in forecast.
11.16 TEMPERATURE
11.16.1 Aerodrome weather reports contain both temperature and dew point.
11.16.2 Up to four forecast values of air temperature are given, for the times HH, HH+3 hours,
HH+6 hours and HH+9 hours, where HH is the time of commencement of the TAF validity period.
Users should use linear interpolation to determine the forecast value between these points. The
temperature forecasts are prefixed by the letter “T”.
11.16.3 Negative values are indicated by the letter M before the numeral.
11.17 QNH
11.17.1 QNH is given in whole hectopascals using four (4) figures.
11.17.2 Observed intermediate values are rounded down. QNH is always given, prefixed by the
letter Q; eg, Q0997.
11.17.3 Up to four forecast values of QNH are given, for the times HH, HH+3 hours, HH+6
hours and HH+9 hours, where HH is the time of commencement of the TAF validity period. Users
should use linear interpolation to determine the forecast value between these points. The QNH
forecasts are prefixed by the letter “Q”.
11.18 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

11.18.1 In METAR/SPECI, supplementary information is used to report the following:
AUSTRALIA
AVIATION FORECASTS
a. recent weather (RE) of operational significance, and

b. wind shear (WS) information on a take-off or landing runway.
11.19 REMARKS SECTION

11.19.1 Rainfall. The remarks section of the report will include rainfall recorded by an automatic
rain gauge. The information is in the form RF##.#/###.# where the first three (3) digits after the
indicator RF will report the rainfall recorded in the 10 minutes prior to the observation time, and
the next four (4) digits report the total rainfall recorded since 0900 local time. Both amounts are
expressed in millimeters to the nearest 0.2mm.
NOTE: In situations of fine droplet precipitation, such as very light drizzle or fine mist situations,
there may not be sufficient precipitation recorded to indicate any rainfall in the last 10 minutes.
Therefore, pilots should regard automated reports of rainfall as guidance material.
11.19.2 Plain Language. Any other significant weather conditions (eg, an approaching front or
visible bushfires) are appended as plain language.
11.20 ELEMENTS NOT AVAILABLE

11.20.1 A report from a full automated AWS that does not include information from sensors for
visibility, weather, and cloud will report ////, // or ////// respectively in lieu of these parameters.
11.21 TREND FORECAST (TTF)

11.21.1 At major aerodromes, a statement of trend, valid for three (3) hours from the time of the
observation, is appended to the observation. See Aviation Forecasts, paragraph 5 for further
details of TTF.
11.22 EXAMPLES
11.22.1 Aerodrome Weather Reports
a. SPECI YMML 092000Z 22012KT 6000 SHRA SCT035TCU 31/20 Q1020 RETS RMK
RF02.0/004.0
b. SPECI YBCS 221745Z 23014G29KT 6000 1200NE TSRA FEW040CB BKN100 26/22
Q1003 RMK RF04.0/004.0
c. SPECI YSSY 271915Z VRB01KT 3000 VCFG FEW030 18/17 Q1018 RMK RF00.0/000.0
d. METAR YMOR 100400Z 06013KT 9000 VV/// 31/08 Q1010 RMK RF00.0/000.0 SKY OBS
DUE BUSH FIRE SMOKE
e. SPECI YSCB 141400Z AUTO 20008KT 9000 // BKN016 14/11 Q1001 RMK RF00.0/000.0
f. SPECI YMAV 240215Z AUTO 36018G28KT 9999 // NCD 31/10 Q1014 RMK RF00.0/000.0
g. METAR YSBK 241700Z AUTO 15002KT 0900 // ////// 04/04 Q1020 RMK RF00.0/000.0
CLD:SKY MAY BE OBSC
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AVIATION FORECASTS
11.22.2 Trend Forecasts

a. TTF SPECI YPAD 012200Z 00000KT 5000 DZ OVC005 14/14 Q1025 RMK RF00.4/000.4
FM2200 00000KT 9999 NSW BKN008
FM2300 03005KT 9999 NSW SCT020
b. TTF SPECI YMML 100200Z 05008KT 4000 DZ BKN005 OVC100 16/15 Q1017 RMK
RF00.2/000.2 NOSIG
c. TTF METAR YPPH 120500Z 36015KT CAVOK 32/08 Q1014 RMK RF00.0/000.0
FM0630 28025KT 9999 NSW BKN030 INTER 0530/0730 5000 SHRA BKN008
d. TTF METAR YBTL 220730Z 35006KT 9999 FEW050TCU 31/21 Q1005
RMK RF00.0/000.0 DISTANT THUNDER NOSIG
e. TTF SPECI YBTL 240800Z 03010KT 4000 TSRA BKN030CB SCT120 27/24 Q1008 RMK
RF00.0/000.0
FM0830 03005KT 9999 SHRA BKN035
INTER 0830/1100 4000 TSRA SCT010 SCT030CB
f. TTF METAR YSCB 140600Z 20008KT CAVOK 14/11 Q1001 RMK RF00.0/000.0 NOSIG
USE TAF FOR ARRIVALS AFTER 0800Z
11.22.3 Aerodrome Forecasts
a. TAF YCOM 070635Z 0708/0720 18015KT 9999 FEW005 BKN020
TEMPO 0710/0714 2000 −SHSN BKN005 SCT020
RMK T 03 00 M02 M04 Q 1008 1007 1006 1006
b. TAF YSSY 020435Z 0206/0312 31005KT CAVOK
FM021400 16015KT 8000 SHRA BKN008 SCT030
FM022300 23010KT 9999 NSW SCT030
RMK T 25 21 18 15 Q 1012 1013 1014 1014
c. TAF YSCB 270448Z 2706/2806 33015G28KT 3000 +RA BKN010 OVC100
FM271400 16015KT 8000 SHRA FEW010 SCT040 SCT100
INTER 2710/2714 1000 +TSRA BKN005 SCT040CB
RMK FM270800 MOD TURB BLW 5000FT TILL271300
T 14 13 13 11 Q 1016 1015 1013 1016
d. TAF YMHB 100445Z 1006/1024 14004KT 3500 DZ OVC012
FM101700 VRB02KT 0300 FG
RMK T 12 11 10 10 Q 1018 1019 1020 1019
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AVIATION FORECASTS
e. TAF YMML 291645Z 2918/3024 36007KT CAVOK

BECMG 3001/3002 18015KT 9999 −SHRA FEW015 SCT025
FM300900 15005KT CAVOK
PROB30 3016/3022 0500 FG
RMK T 11 12 14 16 Q 1020 1021 1019 1018
12.1 WEATHER CODE AND TRANSLATION
CODE TRANSLATION
Weather Descriptors
BC Patches (or Patches of)
BL Blowing
DR Drifting
FZ Freezing
MI Shallow
SH Showers (or Showers of)
TS Thunderstorms (or Thunderstorms with)
PR Aerodrome partially covered (used only to describe fg)
Phenomena
BR Mist
DU Dust
DS Dust storm
DZ Drizzle
FC Funnel Clouds
FG Fog
FU Smoke
GR Hail
GS Small Hail Pellets
HZ Haze
Ice Crystals (very small ice crystals in suspension, also known as Diamond
IC
Dust)
PL Ice Pellets
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AVIATION FORECASTS
CODE TRANSLATION
PO Dust Devils
RA Rain
SA Sand
SG Snow Grains
SN Snow
SQ Squalls
SS Sand storm
UP Unknown Precipitation Type (from weather sensor)
VA Volcanic Ash
NOTE 1: Intensity is indicated with precipitation, duststorms and sandstorms. In these cases, the
weather code is prefixed by the qualifier - for light and + for heavy. Moderate intensity is indicated
by the absence of a prefix.
NOTE 2: METAR/SPECI may provide an indication of weather in the vicinity (within approximately
8 and 16 KM of the aerodrome reference point). The proximity qualifier VC will be used only in
combination with the abbreviations TS, DS, SS, FG, FC, SH, PO, BLDU, BLSA and BLSN.
AUSTRALIA
METEOROLOGY REPORTS AND ADVISORIES
1 METEOROLOGICAL REPORTS
1.1 AERODROME WEATHER REPORTS
Aerodrome Weather Reports are reports of observations of meteorological conditions at an aer-
odrome. The reports are generated by electronic recording devices called automatic weather sta-
tions (AWS) and may have manual input by approved observers. Manual input of visibility,
weather and cloud is for an area within a radius of approximately 5 NM of the aerodrome refer-
ence point.
1.1.1 Owing to the variability of meteorological elements in space and time, to limitations of
observing techniques and to limitations caused by the definitions of some of the elements, the
specific value of any of the elements given in a report shall be understood by the recipient to be
the best approximation to the actual conditions at the time of observation
1.1.2 Routine Reports (METAR) are issued at fixed times, hourly or half hourly, and are made
available at pre-flight briefing or on request to aircraft in flight.
1.1.3 Special Reports (SPECI) are aerodrome weather reports issued whenever weather con-
ditions fluctuate about or are below specified criteria.
1.1.3.1 At staffed stations, SPECI reports are issued when either of the following conditions are
present:
a. when there is BKN or OVC cloud covering the celestial dome below an aerodrome's highest
alternate minimum cloud base or 1500 ft, whichever is higher;
b. when the visibility is below an aerodrome's highest alternate minimum visibility or 5000m,
whichever is greater.
At non-staffed stations with cloud and visibility sensors, SPECI for cloud and visibility based on
output from these sensors may also be issued.
1.1.3.2 SPECI will also be issued under the following conditions:
a. Wind —
1. when mean direction changes by 30 degrees or more, the mean speed before or after
the change being 20 kt or more; or
2. when the mean speed changes by 10 kt or more, the mean speed before or after the
change being 30 kt or more; or
3. when gusts vary by 10 kt or more from a mean speed of 15 kt or more; or
4. when a gust exceeds the last reported gust by 10 kt or more.
b. Other conditions —
1. when any of the following begins, ends or changes in intensity — thunderstorm, hail-
storm, mixed snow and rain, freezing precipitation, drifting snow, duststorm, sandstorm,
squall, fog;
2. when wind shear at the aerodrome is observed or reported by pilots;
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3. at the incidence of any other phenomena likely to be significant to the operation of an

aircraft;
4. when the QNH altimeter setting changes by 2 hPa or more;
5. when the temperature changes by 5 degrees C or more.
1.1.4 Take-off and Landing Reports are provided at aerodromes where a control tower is
established. This service may also be provided by a CA/GRS or UNICOM.
1.1.4.1 Take-off and landing reports are included on ATIS, where available, or passed to aircraft
reporting taxiing or inbound.
1.1.4.2 Take-off and landing reports contain, as available:
a. wind velocity, with direction in degrees magnetic;
b. altimeter setting;
c. air temperature (if appropriate to the type of aircraft);
d. low cloud, if significant;
e. visibility, if significant, in meters up to and including 5000m, above this value in kilometers. A
visibility greater than 10km is given as “VISIBILITY GREATER THAN 10km”;
f. additional items; i.e., extent of cloud below the main ceiling, disposition and intensity of rain,
reported turbulence area, etc.;
g. CAVOK — when the following conditions are observed to occur simultaneously:
1. visibility of 10km or more;
2. Nil significant cloud, i.e. no cloud below 5000 ft or below the highest 25NM minimum
sector altitude, whichever is greater, and no cumulonimbus or towering cumulus at any
height; and
3. Nil significant weather, i.e. none of the weathers listed at Weather Code and Transla-
tion.
When the term CAVOK is used, the elements d., e. and f. will not be advised.
1.1.4.3 The meteorological information provided by Air Traffic Controllers may be obtained by
observation of the whole horizon or only the area that will contain the probable flight path of an
aircraft.
1.1.4.4 Reports based on AWS data will be limited to wind direction and velocity, QNH and tem-
perature, except when a qualified observer at the aerodrome provides visually observed informa-
tion.
1.2 APPROVED OBSERVERS

1.2.1 “Approved observers” are officers of the Bureau of Meteorology, Air Traffic Controllers and
other persons on the ground approved for the purpose by the BoM and/or CASA.
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1.2.2 For the purpose of observing visibility for take-off and landing at an aerodrome, the pilot-
in-command shall be deemed an approved observer for that flight.
1.3 OBSERVING POINT

1.3.1 The location of the observing point for aerodrome weather reports is such that the mete-
orological conditions observed within visual range, or interpreted from instruments at that point,
are representative of conditions at the aerodrome.
1.4 AIRCRAFT WEATHER REPORTS

1.4.1 The pilot-in-command of an aircraft is required to observe and report enroute meteorologi-
cal conditions, for aircraft equipped with AMDAR. For this purpose, he/she is deemed an
approved observer.
1.4.2 In addition to requirements for special AIREP reports concerning meteorological conditions
likely to affect the safety of other aircraft, pilots-in-command of flights in areas where ground
meteorological reports are scanty, are encouraged to report observations of meteorological condi-
tions which they consider will assist in the provision of meteorological services.
2 METEOROLOGICAL ADVICES
2.1 SIGMET
2.1.1 SIGMET information concerns the occurrence or expected occurrence, in an area over
which area meteorological watch is being maintained, of one or more of the following:
a. thunderstorms1 ;
b. tropical cyclone;
c. hail;
d. severe turbulence;
e. severe icing;
f. severe mountain waves 2 ;
g. widespread sandstorms or duststorms;
h. volcanic ash cloud.
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1 SIGMET for thunderstorms is only issued when they are:

a. obscured (OBSC) by haze or smoke and cannot be readily seen;
b. embedded (EMBD) within cloud layers and cannot be readily recognized;
c. frequent (FRQ) with little or no separation between adjacent storms and covering
more than 75% of the area affected.
d. squall line (SQL) thunderstorms, i.e. thunderstorms along a line with little or no
space between individual clouds.
2 Mountain waves are considered severe when accompanying downdrafts of 600 ft/min or
more and/or severe turbulence is observed or forecast.
2.1.2 Pilots-in-command of aircraft encountering any of the above phenomena, not notified by
SIGMET advices, must report details of the phenomena in an AIREP SPECIAL.
2.1.3 SIGMET information is issued by MET forecasters and disseminated by ATS as an ele-
ment of ATC initiated FIS, to aircraft operating on routes or in areas likely to be affected. This
information will normally relate the phenomena reported to designated reporting points, and
where possible, will indicate the area in which the phenomena exist.
2.1.4 Responsibility for SIGMET
High level – above FL185:
– SIGMET for high level turbulence and high level icing are the responsibility of the Aviation
Weather Centre, Melbourne. These SIGMET are not issued for the area south of 50° S.
– SIGMET for Volcanic Ash Cloud is the responsibility of the BoM’s Volcanic Ash Advisory
Centre (VAAC) Darwin.
Low level – below FL185:
– Low level SIGMET issue generally corresponds to the Areas of Responsibility shown in the dia-
gram on the following page. Note that SIGMET for low-level turbulence, icing, mountain waves,
thunderstorms, hail, sandstorms and duststorms are only issued for the area covered by Area
Forecasts.
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2.2 SIGMET FORMAT

2.2.1 The format for SIGMET is as follows:
WMO header for Australia:
– WCAU01 for SIGMET on tropical cyclones,
– WVAU01 for SIGMET on volcanic ash cloud,
– WSAU21 for SIGMET for other phenomena.
WMO indicator of the MWO originating office:
Adelaide RFC APRM Melbourne RFC AMRF

Brisbane RFC ABRF Melbourne AWC AMMC
Darwin RFC ADRM Perth RFC APRF
Hobart RFC AMHF Sydney RFC ASRF
NOTE: This differs from ICAO Australian location indicators used elsewhere in the message
which begin with “Y”.
Date / Time: The issuing date and time UTC.
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YXXX
– Indicates the Flight Information Center (FIC) serving the FIR.
– YMMM indicates Melbourne, YBBB indicates Brisbane.
Daily Sequence Number:
– Contains two letters to indicate the location of the event, followed by a two-digit number which
indicates the number of SIGMET issued within the FIRs (Brisbane or Melbourne) since 0001
UTC. The two letters location designators corresponding to their Area of Responsibility are as
follows:
Adelaide RFC AD Melbourne RFC ML

Brisbane RFC BN Melbourne AWC High Level*
Darwin RFC DN** Perth RFC PH
Hobart RFC HB Sydney RFC SY
* SIGMET for high level turbulence, high level icing (above FL185) over the Australian FIRs are
issued by the Aviation Weather Center (AWC) Melbourne.
** SIGMET for Volcanic Ash over the Australian FIRs is the responsibility of the BoM’s Volcanic
Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin.
To help recipients identify the air routes affected, the SIGMET number contains two letters to indi-
cate the location of the event. The letters indicate the following:
BT the event is in the Brisbane FIR north of 30 degrees south.

BS the event is in the Brisbane FIR south of 30 degrees south.
BB the event is in the Brisbane FIR and extends across 30 degrees south.
MW the event is in the Melbourne FIR west of 130 degrees east.
ME the event is in the Melbourne FIR east of 130 degrees east.
MM the event is in the Melbourne FIR and extends across 130 degrees east.
The areas covered by the above location indicators are shown in the following diagram:
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VALID: The word VALID is followed by the period of validity – date and time UTC.
Location: ICAO location indicator of the MWO office originating the message.
FIR: FIR indicator – either YMMM MELBOURNE FIR or YBBB BRISBANE FIR.
Message: The SIGMET details – description about the phenomenon.
Status: ‘STS:’ meaning Status of SIGMET, followed by:
– NEW meaning a New SIGMET,
– REV meaning a Reviewed SIGMET, or
– CNL meaning Cancellation of SIGMET.
2.2.2 Example of high level turbulence SIGMET
WSAU21 AMMC 100700
YMMM SIGMET MM03 VALID 100800/101200 YMMC–
YMMM MELBOURNE FIR SEV TURB FCST WI 100NM OF S3000 E11800-S3330 E13430-
S3600 E16000 FL 300/420 STNR NC
STS: REV MM02 100400/100800
2.2.3 Example Of A Cancelling SIGMET
WSAU21 AMMC 101225
YBBB SIGMET MM04 VALID 101230/101400 YMMC–
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YBBB BRISBANE FIR CNL SIGMET MM03 101000/101400

STS: CNL SIGMET MM03 101000/101400
2.2.4 Example Of Dust Storm SIGMET
WSAU21 YPRM 052100
YMMM SIGMET AD01 VALID 052200/060200 YPRM–
YMMM MELBOURNE FIR HVY DS OBS AND FCST WI YBHI-YOOM-YLEC BLW A050 MOV SE
20KT NC
STS: NEW
NOTE: BLW A050 = Below 5000FT AMSL
2.3 AIRMET
2.3.1 AIRMET information concerns the occurrence or expected occurrence, in an area over
which meteorological watch is being maintained, of one or more of the following phenomena
when the phenomena have not been included in a current Area Forecast:
a. Isolated and occasional thunderstorms;
b. Moderate icing;
c. Moderate turbulence, when this is expected to occur in an area, or at a time, where or when
it is not a normal seasonal feature;
d. Extensive areas of visibility of less than 8km;
e. Extensive areas of cloud coverage of BKN or OVC below 1500 ft above ground level;
f. Winds of 40 kt or more with 2000 ft above ground level.
AIRMET information, which concerns phenomena of a lesser degree of severity than SIGMET
information, is given to aircraft operating below FL185.
2.3.3 AIRMET information is issued by MET forecasters and disseminated by ATS as an ele-
ment of ATC initiated FIS, to aircraft operating on routes or in areas likely to be affected. It will
indicate the locality or area in which the phenomena exist or are expected to exist.
2.3.4 Pilots-in-command who encounter any of the above phenomena which have not been noti-
fied by a forecast or an AIRMET advice, should report the details by SHORT AIREP.
NOTE: AIRMET information is additional to SIGMET information, which is issued to all aircraft
types.
2.4 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY

2.4.1 General
Many volcanoes to the North and East of Australia are active. This activity is monitored by local
authorities, pilots and by the BoM’s Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) in Darwin using data
from meteorological satellites. During reported activity, the following procedures will be adopted
(pilots should be aware that a volcano can erupt without notice):
AUSTRALIA
a. Notification of Airborne Volcanic Ash Clouds. During flight planning, pilots of aircraft pro-
ceeding towards known areas of volcanic activity will be issued current NOTAM and
SIGMET information. The Darwin VAAC will issue a “Volcanic Ash Advisory” message con-
taining the following information:
1. VA ADVISORY
2. DTG (UTC year/month/day/time of issue)
3. VAAC (name of issuing center)
4. VOLCANO (volcano name and IAVCEI reference number)
5. PSN (coordinates of volcano in degrees and minutes)
6. AREA (state or region of ash)
7. SUMMIT ELEVATION (AMSL in meters or feet)
8. ADVISORY NR (year and incrementing number for volcano)
9. INFO SOURCE (free text, e.g. AIREP)
10. AVIATION COLOUR CODE (red, orange, yellow, green, unknown or nil)
11. ERUPTION DETAILS (summary of the eruption)
12. OBS VA DGT (UTC day & time of observation of ash)
13. OBS VA CLD (horizontal & vertical extent of observed or estimated ash cloud; and
direction and speed of movement of ash cloud)
14. FCST VA CLD +6HR (Day/Time UTC of forecast; horizontal & vertical extent of fore-
cast ash cloud)
cast ash cloud)
cast ash cloud)
17. RMK (NIL or free text)
18. NXT ADVISORY (Date and Time UTC)
An example of this message is shown in paragraph 6.2
b. When areas of volcanic ash are described in SIGMET affecting air routes within Australian
FIRs, airways clearances will be issued to avoid the stated areas.
c. Prolonged Volcanic Activity. In conjunction with neighboring States, temporary airspace
and airways will be established to avoid hazardous areas, and notified by NOTAM.
AUSTRALIA
2.4.2 Pilot Reports

Pilots of aircraft crossing or intending to cross countries in SE Asia and the SW Pacific which
promulgate active volcano NOTAM, SIGMET or ADVICES should refer to special air reports para-
graph at the end of this section.
3 HAZARDOUS WEATHER
3.1 RESPONSIBILITY
3.1.1 Cooperative and concerted action is required by pilots, meteorologists and ATS to ensure
the most accurate information is promulgated to assist pilots in the avoidance of hazardous
weather, particularly volcanic ash cloud and phenomena associated with thunderstorms — icing,
hail and turbulence.
3.1.2 Meteorologists are responsible for the observation of weather phenomena and forecasting
their occurrence, development and movement, in terms applicable to aircraft operations. These
forecasts need to be produced in sufficient time for avoiding action to be taken.
3.1.3 ATS is responsible for distributing reports of hazardous meteorological conditions to pilots
as a part of the Flight Information Service. ATS also makes visual and limited radar weather
observations for the information of meteorologists and pilots, and is responsible for relaying pilot
weather reports to the Bureau of Meteorology. At some locations, ATS is provided with METRAD
or RAPIC which may supplement weather advice by ATS.
3.1.4 While maneuvering in hazardous weather situations, pilots are responsible for the safety of
their own aircraft using advices and clearances passed by ATS and information obtained from
their own visual or airborne radar observations. They are also responsible for passing visual and
airborne radar observations of hazardous weather to ATS.
3.2 PILOT ACTION

3.2.1 Outside controlled airspace, all hazardous weather avoidance action is the sole responsi-
bility of the pilot-in-command. However, in order to preserve the safety of the aircraft and other air
traffic, the pilot-in-command is requested to advise ATS of intended actions.
3.2.2 The pilot-in-command, both inside and outside controlled airspace, must advise ATS
promptly of any hazardous weather encountered or observed either visually or by radar. When-
ever practicable, those observations should include as much detail as possible including location
and severity. Hazardous weather includes, in particular, thunderstorms, severe turbulence, hail,
icing, line squalls and volcanic ash cloud.
4 AUTOMATIC METEOROLOGICAL BROADCASTS

4.1 AUTOMATIC ENROUTE INFORMATION SERVICE (AERIS)
4.1.1 The AERIS continuously broadcasts from a network of VHF transmitters installed around
Australia.
4.1.2 The information broadcast on the individual transmitters caters primarily for the needs of
aircraft operating in control areas within VHF range of the facility.
AUSTRALIA
4.1.3 VHF AERIS network coverage at 20,000 ft.
4.1.4 AERIS operational frequencies and METAR menus:
OUTLET AND OUTLET AND

METAR MENU METAR MENU
FREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Bellenden Kerr Brisbane, Cairns, Hamilton I, Mt Blackwood Brisbane, Cairns, Hamilton

Mackay, Rockhampton, I, Mackay, Rockhampton,
119.75 Townsville 119.85 Townsville
Broken Hill Adelaide, Alice Springs, Bris- Mt Canobolas Adelaide, Alice Springs,
bane, Darwin, Melbourne, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth,
128.25 Sydney 119.85 Sydney, Williamtown
Ceduna Adelaide, Alice Springs, Kal- Mt Ginini Adelaide, Canberra, Hobart,

goorlie, Melbourne, Perth, Melbourne, Wagga Wagga
128.45 Sydney 128.65
Derby Broome, Darwin, Kununurra, Mt Isa Alice Springs, Brisbane,

Meekatharra, Perth, Port Cairns, Mt Isa, Tindal,
128.45 Hedland 120.35 Townsville
AUSTRALIA
OUTLET AND OUTLET AND

METAR MENU METAR MENU
FREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Goochegoo- Alice Springs, Cairns, Dar- Brisbane, Gold Coast,
Mt Mowbullan
chera win, Tennant Creek, Tindal, Mackay, Sunshine Coast,
Townsville 119.95 Rockhampton, Sydney
128.45
Kalgoorlie Adelaide, Alice Springs, Ce- Mt William Adelaide, Hobart, Launces-

duna, Kalgoorlie, Laverton, ton, Melbourne, Mildura,
128.25 Perth 119.75 Perth
Broome, Karratha, Meeka- Brisbane, Canberra, Gold
Meekatharra tharra, Mount Magnet, Perth, Point Lookout Coast, Melbourne, Rock-
128.45 Port Hedland 119.75 hampton, Sydney, William-
town
4.2 VOLMET
4.2.1 VOLMET broadcasts are prefixed by the designator “VOLMET” and may contain:
a. METAR/SPECI or Trend Forecast (TTF) when available, and,
b. advice regarding the availability of SIGMET.
4.2.2 Individual VOLMET broadcasts will not exceed five (5) minutes duration.
4.2.3 Cloud types, excepting cumulonimbus, will not be included in VOLMET broadcasts, and
temperature and QNH information will not be included in aerodrome forecasts.
4.2.4 Reference to the need to amend the current aerodrome forecasts is not included in
VOLMET broadcasts of trend forecasts.
4.2.5 Specific information regarding VOLMET broadcasts is detailed in the following table:
AUSTRALIA
Location
Frequency Contents
Hours Call Sign Sequence Form Remarks
(kHz) (Note)
(UTC) (2) (4) (5) (7)
(3) (6)
(1)
Brisbane Australian 6676 00-05 TTF Melbourne Plain lan-
H24 11387 and TTF Sydney guage
30-35 TTF Brisbane

TTF Perth
TTF Darwin
TTF/TAF Cairns
TTF Townsville
TTF Adelaide
NOTE: If time permits, additional information will include the availability of SIGMET. Should time
not permit transmission of all content, deletions will be in reverse order of transmission.
4.3 AERODROME WEATHER INFORMATION SERVICE (AWIS) AND

WEATHER AND TERMINAL INFORMATION RECITER (WATIR)
4.3.1 AWIS and WATIR provide actual weather conditions via telephone and, at specified loca-
tions, broadcast. Most broadcasts are continuous (updated every minute) but some must be acti-
vated by a press-to-talk (PTT) pulse. AWIS provides information from the AWS. WATIR combines
the AWS information with additional terminal information from the airport operator.
4.3.2 Basic AWSs provide wind direction and speed, temperature, humidity, pressure setting
and rainfall. Advanced AWSs provide automated cloud and visibility.
4.3.3 Information provided in AWIS broadcasts is in similar format to that of an ATIS broadcast
and will contain some of the following additional items:
a. station identifier as a plain language station name,
b. identifier “AWS AERODROME WEATHER”,
c. wind direction in degrees Magnetic and speed in Knots,
d. altimeter setting (QNH),
e. temperature in whole degrees Celsius,
f. cloud below 12,500 ft*,
g. visibility*,
h. dew point in whole degrees Celsius,
i. percentage relative humidity, and
j. rainfall over the previous ten minutes.
AUSTRALIA
*See Automatic Visibility and Automatic Weather Stations With Cloud Information paragraphs.
4.3.4 AWIS and WATIR information is considered to be “real time” data. When information is not
available about a particular item, either because of invalid data or an inoperative sensor, the rele-
vant element of the broadcast will be identified as “CURRENTLY NOT AVAILABLE”; eg, “TEM-
PERATURE CURRENTLY NOT AVAILABLE”. When the information from the AWIS is deter-
mined as being corrupt, incomplete, or not available, a NOTAM will be issued.
4.3.5 The integrity of the barometric system in BoM-accepted AWSs is such that they are an
approved source of QNH. Therefore, QNH from these AWSs may be used in accordance with
TERMINAL INSTRUMENT APPROACH/TAKEOFF PROCEDURES, QNH SOURCES.
4.3.6 When AWIS information is available after hours (AH), and the aerodrome is uncontrolled,
reference will be made to its availability in ATIS ZULU.
4.4 HAZARD ALERTS

4.4.1 Hazard Alerts contain information, assessed by ATS to have an immediate and detrimen-
tal effect on the safety of an aircraft, that could assist pilots to avoid hazardous situations. Hazard
Alerts will be:
a. broadcast on the appropriate ATS frequency as necessary. Broadcasts will normally be
made on receipt, H + 15 and H + 45 or until the availability of an updated FIS product (MET
or NOTAM) has been broadcast; and
b. directed to those aircraft maintaining continuous communications with ATS at the time the
hazard is assessed that are within one hour flight time of the hazardous conditions.
5 POSITION REPORTS — AIREPS

5.1 AIREPS SECTION 3 REQUIRED FROM OPERATORS
5.1.1 AIREP meteorological information reporting points are indicated by the following symbols
on Enroute and Area charts:
5.1.2 Meteorological information, if required, is provided by AMDAR equipped aircraft at these

reporting points by the inclusion of AIREP Section 3 (see FULL POSITION REPORT FORMAT).
Additionally, whenever conditions experienced are significantly above or below those forecast,
AIREP including Section 3 should be submitted by AMDAR equipped aircraft.
5.1.3 All AMDAR equipped flights are required to transmit meteorological information from mete-
orological reporting points shown on the relevant charts.
AUSTRALIA
5.2 AIREP SPECIAL

5.2.1 A pilot-in-command should make a special AIREP report when requested, or as soon as
practicable after encountering any SIGMET phenomenon or any other meteorological condition
which is likely to affect the safety or markedly affect the efficiency of other aircraft.
5.2.2 The estimate of next position may be omitted from an AIREP SPECIAL report except
where the report is made at a planned position reporting point.
5.2.3 In the climb-out and approach phases, a pilot-in-command must report meteorological
conditions, not previously advised, which are likely to affect the safety of aircraft operations.
5.3 SHORT AIREP

5.3.1 Short AIREP should be provided by pilots when requested.
5.3.2 ATS should be advised when a pilot encounters:
a. Cloud — unexpected significant variations to amount, base or tops (by reference to QNH);
b. Visibility — reduced due fog, mist, hail, rain, snow or dust; or improvement observed;
c. Wind — significant variation to forecast;
d. Other Phenomena — incidence of severe or moderate turbulence, thunderstorms, moder-
ate or severe icing, hail, line squalls, standing waves or winds of 40 kt or more within 2000 ft
of ground level.
5.3.3 The report comprises:
a. call sign of the ground station;
b. call sign of the aircraft;
c. short AIREP;
d. position and time; or
e. ENROUTE (departure point) TO (destination);
f. weather report.
5.4 AIREP FORMAT
FULL POSITION REPORT

Nr Item Transmit-Voice Notes
When giving MET information, prefix the report
AIREP SPECIAL. AIREP SPECIAL is used when-
ever SPECIAL conditions are reported even
0 Prefix AIREP SPECIAL
though included in a routine report. When Section
3 is not included, the prefix POSITION may be
used.
AUSTRALIA
SECTION 1: POSITION — All Reports

SAY
Aircraft Identifi- Aircraft identification as in flight plan or as amen-
1 [call sign]
cation ded by ATC.
POSITION.....[latitude, “POSITION” only when LAT and LONG used. If
longitude] immediately over the place named, report “OVER
(or) OVER [place] [place]”. For domestic flights only ‘OVER’ may
2 Position be omitted. In controlled airspace report also the
(or) ABEAM [place] distance and direction abeam; e.g., “NINE MILES
(or) [place, bearing, ABEAM [place] TO THE NORTH” or “[place]
distance] THREE SIX ZERO ZERO ONE FIVE.”
When giving MET information report in hours and
AT [minutes] or [hours
3 Time minutes UTC. Otherwise, report in minutes past
and minutes]
the hour at the position.
FLIGHT LEVEL [num-
ber] or [altitude] FEET
When not at assigned level, position report shall
(adding, if necessary)
Flight Level or include present level, and level to which climbing
4 CLIMBING/DESCEND-
Altitude or descending. For domestic flights, “FEET” may
ING TOFLIGHT LEVEL
be omitted from altitude reports.
[number] or [altitude]
FEET
NEXT POSITION
Next Position [place] AT [minutes] For domestic flights, “NEXT POSITION” may be
5
And Time Over or [hours and mi- omitted.
nutes]
To be included when requested by ATC and, at
Ensuing Signif- FOLLOWING POINT
6 other times, when the pilot believes it is necessary
icant Point [position]
to confirm to ATS the route being followed.
SECTION 2: OPERATIONAL — When requested by the operator or designated representa-

tive, or when deemed necessary by the pilot-in-command
SAY
ESTIMATING ARRIV-
Estimated
7 AL [place] AT [hours
Time of Arrival
and minutes]
ENDURANCE [num-
8 Endurance ber] HOURS [number]
MINUTES
AUSTRALIA
SECTION 3: METEOROLOGICAL — When designated, on request, or when special condi-

tions are encountered
Items 9 and 10 are required in each report. Items 11 and 12 are required only if the phenomena
are encountered within 10 minutes prior to the time at the position in Item 2. Supplementary in-
formation exemplified under Item 13 is required if, in the opinion of the pilot-in-command, it is of
aeronautical interest or if a special request for any particular information has been made by MET
or ATC.
SAY
TEMPERATURE PLUS
[number] Corrected for instrument error and airspeed. Re-
Air Tempera-
9 or port only stabilized temperatures in whole de-
ture
TEMPERATURE MI- grees C.
NUS [number]
WIND [number] DE-
GREES [number]
KNOTS (MEAN, if appli- Whenever practicable report spot wind, otherwise
Spot Wind or cable) or WIND LIGHT MEAN wind between fixes and position of mid-
Mean Wind AND VARIABLE point of sector over which wind was calculated.
10
and Position MEAN, if applicable) Position is given in LAT and LONG to nearest
thereof and, (if position other whole degree, adding N or S, E or W, as appropri-
than at Item 2) POSI- ate.
TION [numbers] (lati-
tude and longitude).
TURBULENCE MOD-
ERATE (IN CLOUD) Requires prefix “AIREP SPECIAL” and immedi-
ate report when the degree of turbulence is se-
11 Turbulence or
vere. Include “IN CLOUD” if applicable. Moder-
TURBULENCE SE- ate / Severe — for specifications see Note below.
VERE (IN CLOUD)
AUSTRALIA

Item 11 Note: — The following specifications apply:
– Moderate Turbulence — There may be moderate changes in aircraft attitude and/or altitude,
but the aircraft remains under positive control at all times; usually small variations in air speed;
changes in accelerometer readings of 0.5g to 1.0g at the aircraft’s center of gravity; difficulty in
walking; occupants feel a strain against seat belts; and loose objects move about.
– Severe Turbulence — Abrupt changes in aircraft attitude and/or altitude; aircraft may be out
of control for short periods; usually large variations in air speed; changes in accelerometer
readings greater than 1.0g at the aircraft’s center of gravity; occupants are forced violently
against seat belts; and loose objects are tossed about.
Requires prefix “AIREP SPECIAL” and immedi-
ICING MODERATE ate report when the degree of icing is severe.
12 Aircraft Icing or Moderate ― heading or level change desirable.
ICING SEVERE Severe ― immediate heading or level change es-
sential.
Supplementary RAIN
13 Information
or SNOW
or FREEZING RAIN
or FUNNEL CLOUD
Present weath-
(waterspout or tornado)
er
or THUNDERSTORM
or FRONT
CLOUD SCATTERED Report type of cloud only if cumulonimbus.
or BROKEN
or CONTINUOUS
Clouds or CUMULONIMBUS
and BASE FLIGHT Include levels only if they can be determined ac-
LEVEL/ALTITUDE curately.
and/or TOP FLIGHT
LEVEL/ALTITUDE
Moderate tur- TURBULENCE MOD-
bulence or ERATE and, (if re-
moderate icing quired) IN CLOUD
observed prior and/or ICING MODER-
to the last 10 ATE and AT [position]
minutes
AUSTRALIA

[description] AT [true Operationally significant echo or echo line, loca-
Weather radar
bearing and distance, tion, intensifying or weakening gaps.
echoes
changes and/or gaps)
Differences be- OBSERVED [descrip-
tween ob- tion] Operationally significant differences only. Position
served and FORECAST [descrip- in whole degrees only if different from that at item
forecast weath- tion] 2.
er
AT [position]
6 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
6.1 SPECIAL AIR REPORTS CONTAINING INFORMATION ON VOLCANIC
ACTIVITY (ICAO MODEL VAR)
6.1.1 Section 1 and such parts of Section 2 as are appropriate are required from all aircraft as
follows:
a. whenever pre-eruption volcanic activity or volcanic eruptions are observed;
b. whenever volcanic ash cloud is observed or encountered.
6.1.2 All elements of Section 1 and those elements of Section 2 which are observed shall be
recorded and indicated respectively in the appropriate places on an ICAO model VAR format
form.
6.1.3 Information recorded for items 9 to 16 is not for transmission by RTF but, on arrival at an
aerodrome, is to be delivered together with the information recorded in Section 1 without delay by
the operator or a flight crew member to the aerodrome meteorological office. If such an office is
not easily accessible, the completed form shall be delivered in accordance with local arrange-
ments made between the Meteorological and ATS authorities and the operator.
Example:
VA ADVISORY
DTG: 20030908/0230Z
VAAC: DARWIN
VOLCANO: COLO [UNA UNA] 0606–01
PSN: S0010 E12130
AREA: SULAWESI INDONESIA
SUMMIT ELEV: 507M/1663FT
ADVISORY NR: 2003/2
AUSTRALIA
INFO SOURCE: GMS JMA

AVIATION COLOUR CODE: NIL
ERUPTION DETIALS ERUPTED 20030908/0205Z
OBS VA DTG: 08/0215Z
OBS VA CLOUD: SFC/FL250 N0010 E12140 - N0000 E12240 - S0030 E12230 -
N0010 E12140 MOV ESE 20KT FL250/FL550 N0030 E12130 -
N0010 E 12200 - S0040 E12130 - N0000 E12030 - N0030
E12130 MOV E 30KT
FCST VA CLD +6 HR: 08/0815Z SFC/FL250 N0000 E12230 - S0000 E12410 - S0040
E12340 - S0010 E12210 - N0000 E12230 MOV ESE 20KT
FL250/FL550 N0100 E12100 - N0110 E11840 - S0010 E12000
- S0020 E12100 - N0100 E12100 MOV E 35KT
FCST VA CLD +12 HR: 08/1415Z SFC/FL250 S0000 E12330 - S0030 E12510 - S0120
E12450 - S0030 E12310 - S0000 E12330 FL250/FL550 NO
ASH EXP
FCST VA CLD +18 HR: 08/2015Z SFC/FL550 NO VA EXP
RMK: OBSERVATIONS SUGGEST A MAJOR CONTINUING ERUP-
TION. YESTERDAY INDONESIAN AUTHORITIES UPGRA-
DED THE CIVIL ALERT TO LEVEL 4 (OUT OF 4). ALL AIR-
CRAFT IN AREA ARE REQUESTED TO SEND PIREPS.
NXT ADVISORY: 20030908/0830Z
AUSTRALIA
6.2 ICAO MODEL VAR FORMAT

AUSTRALIA
AUTOMATED BRIEFING SYSTEMS
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INFORMATION ON THE USE OF AVFAX
1.1.1 AVFAX responds to tone generated telephone requests for specific NOTAM and meteoro-
logical products, including charts, and delivers them to a facsimile number.
1.1.2 Pilots interested in this service can register by completing the NAIPS registration form on
the Pilot Briefing web site or contacting the Airservices Australia Help Desk on 1800 801 960 for a
registration form. The Help Desk will provide an account number and password.
1.1.3 AVFAX is accessed via a telephone using either a tone-dial telephone or a combination of
the older style pulse telephone and a hand held tone generating key pad. Tone signalling keypads
are commercially available.
1.1.4 Information can be accessed from AVFAX in two ways. These are either a guided access
mode, or a fast access mode.
1.1.5 For the GUIDED ACCESS mode, the following procedure applies:
a. Dial 1800 805 150 and clear the Telstra PhoneAway System; you have cleared the Phone-
Away System when you have selected from the menu the AVFAX option. (A tone dialling tel-
ephone is required)
b. Voice invitation to enter account number:
Enter personal 5-digit account number.
c. Voice invitation to enter password followed by the hash (#) key:
Enter personal 4-digit password followed by the hash (#) key.
d. Voice invitation to enter product number:
Enter product number; Press 0 if completed; Press 1 to make further selection(s).
e. Voice invitation to hear list of selections:
Press 0 if recital of list NOT required;
Press 1 if recital of list required.
f. Voice invitation to enter FAX number;
To use your registered FAX number, please press zero;
To enter a FAX number please press 1; To receive your FAXed information on this channel
please press 2;
If "1" is selected, voice invitation to "Please enter your 10 digit FAX number now";
or
If "2" is selected, voice invitation to: "Please wait while we prepare your FAX message" fol-
lowed by a short pause. Then "Please press start on your FAX machine now".
g. Once the FAX number has been confirmed by pressing "0", the caller will hear, "Thank you
for using the AVFAX system - the briefing material will be faxed to you shortly."
AUSTRALIA
h. IF THE CALLER HANGS UP BEFORE HEARING THIS, THE AVFAX ORDER IS CANCEL-
LED.
1.1.6 To use the FAST ACCESS mode, the caller will dial the same number as above. The
same greeting will be made by the AVFAX system, followed by a request to enter the registered
account number. Immediately the AVFAX system answers, enter "#” key for fast mode access.
The procedure is then:
a. Enter 5-digit personal account number.
b. Enter 4-digit password followed by the hash (#) key.
c. Enter either a FAX number followed by "#" to which the information should be sent, or a " * "
to use the registered FAX number.
d. Enter a 5-digit product code. If the product code is a specific NOTAM, follow the code with a
6-digit NOTAM number.
e. Repeat step E for each product the user wants to request.
f. Press the "#" key to indicate that the user has completed entering product codes.
g. At this point, if at least one valid product has been requested, a brief tone will be played.
h. Hang up the telephone.
1.1.7 The Fast Access mode is well suited to those who wish to use an auto-dialler to place their
AVFAX requests.
1.1.8 Once into the system, the pilot is required to specifically request the information required
by keying in the five figure codes for the products required. The product codes are available from
two sources:
1.1.9 The current list of product codes is always available within AVFAX. For a consolidated list
of national products for domestic operations key in the product code 81700, for international
meteorological products key in 81701. Additionally, the product code 81703 will provide a listing of
the information contained in the domestic group listing.
1.1.10 Information on AVFAX Domestic and International locations is incorporated in the follow-
ing pages, for reference when flight planning.
1.1.11 Pilots are invited to register custom codes with the AVFAX Help Desk on 07 3866 3573.
This service allows a pilot to calculate the products required for specific areas or routes, and reg-
ister those products under a single customised product code. This feature ensures a faster and
more efficient service.
2 AVFAX TERMS LISTED IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER

2.1 AVFAX Office Help Desk
2.1.1 The Help Desk is manned 24HRS a day. The officer on duty will provide help with the use
of the AVFAX service, Customer registration and lodging of Custom Codes. The Help Desk may
be contacted by Phone 07 3866 3573, FAX 07 3866 3553.
AUSTRALIA
2.2 AVFAX Product Code

2.2.1 A Product Code is a five digit number made up of a Product Type Prefix and a four digit
location/product/group code. e.g. Product type prefix (1) combined with location code Charleville
(4102) to make product code 14102 will get Charleville Terminal Forecast and METAR.
2.3 Briefing Reference Number

2.3.1 A Product Code is a five digit number made up of a Product Type Prefix and a four digit
location/product/group code. e.g. Product type prefix (1) combined with location code Charleville
(4102) to make product code 14102 will get Charleville Terminal Forecast and METAR.
2.4 Chart Validity Time

2.4.1 When a chart has a single validity time the product may be used plus or minus 3 hours of
that time.
NOTE: Some upper wind charts are valid for 24 hours and will be annotated H+24.
2.5 Custom Code

2.5.1 A Custom Code is a five digit code which allows the user to access up to 41 products by
the use of one AVFAX product code. The Custom Code must begin with a zero, however the last
four digits of the product code are nominated by the customer. This Custom Code and the
required AVFAX Products must be registered with the AVFAX office Help Desk.
2.6 Custom Code Form

2.6.1 Custom code forms are available from the AVFAX office Help Desk or by the use of Prod-
uct Code 81545. This form is useful for setting out your request for the registration of or changes
to a Custom Code.
2.7 Customer Registration Form

2.7.1 This form is available on the Pilot Briefing web site, from the Airservices Australia Help
Desk, the AVFAX Help Desk or by the use of Product Code 81544.
2.8 Facing Sheet

2.8.1 A Facing Sheet is the first page of every AVFAX Briefing. It contains : The time of the
request, a list of the products requested, general information relating to AVFAX use and other
information, relevant to the customer, which could not be included in NOTAM or other documents.
2.9 FIR NOTAM

2.9.1 FIR NOTAM contain information on activities effecting a large area or which are not loca-
tion specific. e.g. Low Jet NOTAM or information on temporary or permanent changes to facilities.
FIR NOTAM and Head Office NOTAM should be checked prior to each flight.
2.9.2 There are two Australian FIR : Brisbane and Melbourne. FIR NOTAM may be accessed at
two levels,
AUSTRALIA
a. FIR NOTAM for the whole of the Brisbane or Melbourne FIR which include Brisbane or Mel-
bourne Oceanic FIR.
b. Sub-FIR areas are smaller geographic areas coincident with Area Forecast boundaries.
When a request is made for Sub-FIR NOTAM the customer will received only those FIR
NOTAM relevant to flights in that area.
2.10 Group Code

2.10.1 Group Codes denote information areas coincident with ARFOR areas. Some of these
areas have been further divided into smaller information areas e.g. Area 40 Coastal.
2.11 Group Code access

2.11.1 MET which include the Area forecast and all Terminal Forecasts for the area.
NOTE: The Area Forecast is not included with METRO Group.
2.11.2 NOTAM which will include all locations, Sub FIR NOTAM and PRD, See Section APPEN-
DIX - B or obtain AVFAX product 81703 for a listing of locations included in group codes.
NOTE: Military Airspaces have also been grouped into common areas which can be accessed
separately with a group code. e.g. Shoalwater Bay or Lancelin Airspace. See Prohibited, Restric-
ted and Danger (PRD) Group Codes.
2.12 Head Office NOTAM

2.12.1 Head Office NOTAM should be checked prior to each flight. They provide information of a
permanent (PERM) nature information requiring wide distribution.
2.13 Nil Current

2.13.1 A "NIL CURRENT" response to an AVFAX request, other than Restricted or Danger area
(PRD) NOTAM, means there is no information currently held for that location. "Nil Current"
response to a request for the status of Restricted or Danger areas means there is no change to
the status of the area as defined in documents. PRD can be activated or deactivated by NOTAM.
2.14 One Line Summary

2.14.1 For NOTAM more than seven days old a one line summary, without the validity time
(FROM: and TO:), will be received. All Full text NOTAM for a location can be obtained by the use
of Product Type Prefix 5 or for one specific NOTAM by the use of Prefix 9.
2.15 Product Type Prefix

2.15.1 A Product Type Prefix is a single digit added to the beginning of the four digit location/
product/group code to specify the required product. It is in the range of 0 to 9 as defined below:
0 For use with Custom Code only.

1 Meteorological information. For use with Location or Group.
AUSTRALIA
2 NOTAM information. Only a summary will be received for NOTAM more than seven days
old. For use with single location or Group.
3 En route NOTAM for overflying aircraft. Only a summary will be received for NOTAM more
than seven days old. For use with single location or Group.
4 Meteorological and NOTAM information. Only a summary will be received for NOTAM more
than seven days old. For use with single location only.
5 NOTAM with full text regardless of age. For use with single location only (does not include
Sub-FIR codes).
6 Meteorological and NOTAM information. Only a summary will be received for NOTAM more
than seven days old. For use with Group only.
7 GPS Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
8 Charts, pictorial information and requested or special products.
9 NOTAM selected by location and number - full text will be provided. This requires the opera-
tor to provide the location and number of the NOTAM. e.g. Broken Hill NOTAM C0011/97
would be obtained by requesting product code 95107 (Product Type Prefix '9' and location
code 5107). Then when requested enter the six digit NOTAM number 001197.
2.16 Products available from AVFAX

a. AIRMET
– Area Forecast (includes Area QNH and AIRMET)
– Area Forecast Bulletin International
b. Area QNH
c. Custom Code
d. FIR NOTAM
e. First and Last Light
f. Forecast Route Sector Winds and Temperatures
g. Forms
h. GPS RAIM
i. GPS Status
j. Grid Point Wind
k. Head Office NOTAM
l. Location Codes and product lists
m. Low Jet NOTAM
n. Mean Sea Level Analysis and Prognosis
AUSTRALIA
o. MET – Single Location

p. MET – Group
q. MET and NOTAM – Single Location
r. MET and NOTAM – Group
s. NOTAM – Single Location
t. NOTAM – Group
u. NOTAM/MET Group Codes
v. Prohibited, Restricted and Danger Areas – Single Location
w. Prohibited, Restricted and Danger Areas – Group
x. Routine Route Forecast Australian and International
y. Satellite Pictures
z. SIGMET (Australian)
aa. SIGMET and Volcanic Ash Advice (International)
ab. Significant Weather Prognosis
ac. Special Information ROFORS, FIFORS etc.
ad. TAF Bulletins (Australian and International)
ae. Upper Wind Analysis and Prognosis Australian
af. Wind and Temp Prognosis (International)
3 AVFAX PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND CODE

Listed in alphabetical order
NOTE: " * " indicates customer selection.
AUSTRALIA
PRODUCT CODE
AIRMET 111* *
The code for AIRMET is obtained by including the Area Forecast number i.e. 11145 is the code
for AIRMET relevant to Forecast Area 45.
NOTE: This product is also provided with requests for Area Forecast.
AREA FORECAST
The code is obtained by including the Area Forecast number e.g. 16500 is the code for Forecast
for Area 65.
NOTE: This product also includes Area QNH and AIRMET.
AREA FORECAST BULLETIN INTERNATIONAL
Papua New Guinea 81620
AREA QNH 118 * *
The Area QNH code is obtained by including the Area Forecast number e.g. Area 50 QNH code
is 11850
NOTE: This product is also provided with requests for Area Forecast.
CUSTOM CODE 0****
Provides easy access to up to 41 products which are selected by the Customer. The Custom
code, with the last four digits (****), nominated by the Customer, and the AVFAX products re-
quired must be registered with the AVFAX Office Help Desk.
FIR NOTAM
Sub-FIR (* - Use Prefix - 2 ) *7**0
This Code is obtained by including the Area Forecast number, e.g. area 20 sub-FIR code is
7200.
Brisbane FIR (* - Use Prefix - 2, 5 or * 1340
9)
Melbourne FIR (* - Use Prefix - 2, 5 or * 1330
9)
Brisbane Oceanic FIR (* - Use Prefix - 2 or 5) * 7990
Melbourne Oceanic FIR (* - Use Prefix - 2 or 5) * 7980
FIRST AND LAST LIGHT 4****
AUSTRALIA
PRODUCT CODE
AIRMET 111* *
Provided with requests for MET and NOTAM Single Location (****) - Select Location Code from
Section commencing at APPENDIX - A.
FORMS
AVFAX Registration Form 81544
Custom Code Request Form 81545
Forecast Route Sector Winds and Temperatures

ROUTE SECTOR VALID PERIOD AVFAX CODE
Melbourne, Darwin, Adelaide 2100/0300 81410
to Eastern Australia 0300/0900 81411
0900/1500 81412
1500/2100 81413
North, South and East Coast 2100/0300 81420
0300/0900 81421
0900/1500 81422
1500/2100 81423
Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, 2100/0300 81430
Adelaide to Western Australia 0300/0900 81431
0900/1500 81432
1500/2100 81433
GPS Status 81392

GPS RAIM 7****
RAIM outage for individual locations is available using the prefix 7 followed by the location code.
GRID POINT WIND AND TEMP
VALID + or - 3HR CODE
0000 81220
0600 81221
1200 81222
1800 81223
AUSTRALIA
GPS Status 81392

HEAD OFFICE NOTAM (* - Use Prefix - 2, 5 or 9) * 1390
Location Codes and Products
AVFAX Products as detailed in this 81700
section
Location Codes and Abbreviations 81701
contained in Section commencing
at APPENDIX 81701 A.
Locations contained in Group Co- 81703
des contained in Section com-
mencing at APPENDIX 81703 B.
Locations included with Domestic 81702
and International TAF Bulletins
contained in Section 81702 com-
mencing on the following pages
and at APPENDIX C.
LOW JET ROUTE See FIR NOTAM
Included with FIR and Sub FIR NOTAM
MEAN SEA LEVEL CHART
Analysis 81200
Prognosis (Forecast) 81204
GOES WEST SATPIC 81208
MET Single Location 1****
* - Select code (* * * *) from Section commencing in Appendix A Location Codes
MET Group 1****
* - Select code (* * * *) from Group Codes below
MET and NOTAM Single Loca- 4****
tion
MET and NOTAM Group 6****
* - (* * * *) from Group Codes below
NOTAM Single Location (* - Use Prefix - 2,3,5 or 9) *****
AUSTRALIA
GPS Status 81392

NOTAM Group (* - Use Prefix - 2 or 3) *****
* - Select code (* * * *) from Group Codes below
NOTAM - MET GROUP CODES

Group Code
AREA 20
All 9200
Coastal 9201
Inland 9202
Metro 9209
AREA 21
All 9210
Coastal 9211
Inland 9212
Western 9213
AREA 22
All 9220
Northern 9221
Southern 9222
AREA 30
All 9300
Southern 9301
Northern 9302
Metro 9309
AREA 32
All 9320
AREA 40
All 9400
North Coast 9401
AUSTRALIA

Group Code
South Coast 9402
North West 9403
South West 9404
Metro 9409
AREA 41
All 9410
Eastern 9411
Western 9412
AREA 43
All 9430
Northern 9431
Southern 9432
Coastal 9201
AREA 44
All 9440
Coastal 9441
Inland 9442
AREA 45
All 9450
Coastal 9451
Inland 9452
AREA 50
All 9500
Eastern 9501
Western 9502
Metro 9509
AREA 51
All 9510
AUSTRALIA

Group Code
AREA 52
All 9520
AREA 53
All 9530
Coastal 9201
AREA 60
All 9600
West Coast 9601
Inland 9602
Metro 9609
AREA 61
All 9610
AREA 62
All 9620
AREA 63
All 9630
AREA 64
All 9640
AREA 65
All 9650
AREA 66
All 9660
AREA 68
All 9680
AREA 69
All 9690
AREA 70
All 9700
AUSTRALIA

Group Code
AREA 80
All 9800
Northern 9801
Southern 9802
AREA 83
All 9830
AREA 84
All 9840
AREA 85
All 9850
Northern 9851
Southern 9852
AREA 86
All 9860
PROHIBITED, RESTRICTED AND DANGER (PRD) *0***

Single Area
(* - Use Prefix - 2, 5 or 9)
* * * - Include the three digit PRD number.
e.g. The location Code for R678B is 0678. If the selected PRD is included in a PRD Group Code
you will receive current NOTAM for all PRD within that Group Area.
PROHIBITED, RESTRICTED and DANGER AREAS(PRD) Group (* - Use Prefix - 2, 5 or 9)

Military Airspace Group Abbr Code
Amberley East Airspace AEX *0939
R637ABCD R644 R650AB R662AB R671AB D617ABCD
D632 D658AB D679AB D690
Amberley Airspace AMX *0941
CTR R620ABCDE R649 D635 D612ABCD D648
AUSTRALIA

Amberley West Airspace AWX *0940
R631ABC D614ABC
Curtin Airspace CNX *0962
R801 R802AB R803AB R804AB R805AB R806AB R807AB
R808AB R809AB R810AB R811 D813 D814 D815 D816
D817 D818 D819 D820
Darwin Southwest Airspace DSX *0981
R264ABCDEFGHJK R203AB
Darwin Northeast Airspace DNX *0982
R216 R230ABCDEF R262
East Sale Airspace ESX *0985
CTR R358ABCDE R391AB
Edinburgh Airspace EDX *0950
CTR R254 R255 R234 R233AB R231 R265ABCD R279
R282 D258ABC and D297AB
Edinburgh North Airspace ENX *0952
R251AB R252 R263
Evans Head Airspace EVX *0943
R609 R638ABCD
Lancelin Airspace LNX *0964
R146ABC R148 R157 R184
Learmonth Airspace LMX *0963
R850AB R851ABC R852AB R853AB R854AB R859ABC
R860ABC R861AB R862AB R863AB R864AB R870AB
Nowra Airspace NWX *0921
CTR R420ABCDEF R422
Oakey Airspace OKX *0942
CTR R643ABC R655 D652
Pearce Airspace PEX *0965
R129 R134ABCD R153ABCD R155 R156 R160AB R161AB
R166AB R178 D193 D194 D195 D197
AUSTRALIA

Port Wakefield Airspace PWX *0954
R292ABCDEF
Richmond Airspace RIX *0930
R469 R494
Scherger Airspace SHX *0949
D602 R603 R604AB R605ABC D606 R607AB
Shoalwater Bay Airspace SBX *0945
R680 R682 R683 R684AB R686 R687AB R689 R695ABC
Singleton Airspace SGX *0923
R564AB
Stirling Airspace SNX *0961
R119ABCDEFGH R140B R144
Tasman Sea Airspace TSX *0924
R452 R453ABCDEFGHJKLMNP R485ABCDE R489
R495ABC
Tindal Airspace TNX *0984
CTR R212 R225 R226AB R232 R247 R248AB R249 D210
D243
Townsville Airspace TLX *0948
R736AB R737ABCD R739AB R740AB R741AB R747 R748
R768AB D744 D764 D765 D779
Tully Airspace TUX *0946
R785AB
Wide Bay Airspace WBX *0944
R685AB
Williamtown Airspace WMX *0925
R578ABCDE R580 R583AB R587AB D589AB R596 D600
Williamtown East Airspace WEX *0926
R574
AUSTRALIA

Williamtown West Airspace WWX *0927
R559 ABCDEF D538AB
Woomera Airspace WRX *0951
CTR R237 R240 R266ABC R273 R275 R276 R283
R287ABC
ROUTINE ROUTE FORECAST

NOTE: The Validity time for routes marked with an '*' are : 2100-0700
0500-1500
0900-1900
1700-0300
AUSTRALIAN ROUTE VALID CODE

Sydney/Lord Howe Is/Norfolk Is/Port Macquarie/ 81621 to 81628
Coffs Harbour/Lord Howe Is
Brisbane/Lord Howe Is 81401
Bass Strait 81402
North-West Shelf 81404
INTERNATIONAL ROUTE VALID CODE

Brisbane/Auckland/Brisbane (YBBN/NZAA/YBBN) * See note 81446
Brisbane/Christchurch/Brisbane (YBBN/NZCH/
* See note 81447
YBBN)
Brisbane/Honiara/Cairns (YBBN/AGGH/YBCS) By REQ 81467
Brisbane/Wellington/Brisbane (YBBN/NZWN/YBBN) * See note 81448
Brisbane/Vanuatu/Auckland (YBBN/NVVV/NZAA) 2100/1000 81449
1900/1000
Brisbane/Vanuatu/Nadi (YBBN/NVVV/NFFN) 81451
2100/1000
Brisbane/Norfolk Island (YBBN/YSNF/YBBN) By REQ 81452
Broome/Denpasar/Jakarta/Christmas Island (YBRM/ Thursday
81515
WATT/WIII/YPXM) 0300/1300
AUSTRALIA

1900/0900
Cairns/Mt Hagen/Cairns (YBCS/AYMH/YBCS) 81457
2100/0900
1900/0900
Cairns/Timika/Cairns (YBCS/WABP/YBCS) 81458
2100/0900
1900/0900
Cairns/S11 E153/Cairns (YBCS/11S/YBCS) 81461
2100/0900
Cairns/Daru/S06 E142/Cairns (YBCS/AYDU/S06/ 1900/0900
81462
YBCS) 2100/0900
1900/0900
Cairns/Port Moresby/Cairns (YBCS/AYPY/YBCS) 81465
2100/0900
Cairns/Honiara/Cairns (YBCS/AGGH/YBCS) By REQ 81468
Cairns/Misima/Honiara/Misima/Cairns (YBCS/AYMS/
By REQ 81469
AGGH/AYMS/YBCS)
Christmas Island/Jakarta/Christmas Island (YPXM/ FRI
81511
WIII/YPXM) 0700/1300
Christmas Island/Jakarta/Denpasar/Broome (YPXM/ MON
81519
WIII/WATT/YBRM) 0600/1500
Christmas Island/Jakarta/Mataram/Darwin (YPXM/ SAT
81517
WIII/WRRA/YPDN) 0200/1200
Christmas Island/Singapore/Jakarta/Christmas Is- FRI
81516
land (YPXM/WSSS/WIII/YPXM) 0100/1300
Gold Coast/Norfolk Island/Gold Coast(YBCG/YSNF/
By REQ 81490
YBCG)
Darwin/Brunei (YPDN/WBSB) By REQ 81486
Darwin/Kuala Lumpur (YPDN/WMKK) By REQ 81502
Darwin/Ambon/Darwin (YPDN/WAPP/YPDN) By REQ 81504
Darwin/Mataram/Jakarta/Christmas Island/Singapore SUN
81518
(YPDN/WRRA/WIII/YPXM/WSSS) 0100/1400
Lord Howe/Norfolk Island (YLHI/YSNF) By REQ 81444
Melbourne/Noumea (YMML/NWWW) By REQ 81470
AUSTRALIA

Melbourne/Sydney/Honiara/Nauru (YMML/YSSY/
By REQ 81472
AGGH/ANAU)
Melbourne/Auckland/Melbourne (YMML/NZAA/
* See note 81473
YMML)
Melbourne/Christchurch (YMML/NZCH) * See note 81474
Melbourne/Wellington (YMML/NZWN) * See note 81475
Melbourne/Port Villa (YMML/NVVV) By REQ 81477
Melbourne/Brisbane/Vanuatu (YMML/YBBN/NVVV) By REQ 81478
Melbourne/Brisbane/Noumea/Nauru (YMML/YBBN/
By REQ 81479
NWWW/ANAU)
Melbourne/Sydney/Noumea/Nauru (YMML/YSSY/
By REQ 81481
NWWW/ANAU)
Melbourne/Sydney/Vanuatu/Nauru (YMML/YSSY/
By REQ 81483
NVVV/ANAU)
Melbourne/S31 E15E/Lord Howe Is(YMML/S31/
By REQ 81485
YLHI)
2300/0100
Norfolk Is/Auckland (YSNF/NZAA) 0000/0430 81445
0500/1500
2300/1000
0000/0400
Norfolk Is/Noumea (YSNF/NWWW) 81440
0500/1500
1000/2200
Perth/Mauritius (YPPH/FIMP) By REQ 81512
Perth/Africa (YPPH/FAJS) By REQ 81513
Perth/S32 E075 (YPPH/S32) By REQ 81514
Sydney/Christchurch (YSSY/NZCH) * See note 81454
Sydney/Auckland (YSSY/NZAA) * See note 81455
Sydney/Auckland/Nadi/Faleolo (YSSY/NZAA/NFFN/
By REQ 81471
NSFA)
Sydney/Wellington (YSSY/NZWN) * See note 81456
AUSTRALIA

Townsville/Cairns/Port Moresby (YBTL/YBCS/AYPY) By REQ 81505
Townsville/Daru (YBTL/DAYDU) By REQ 81510
SATELLITE IMAGES (ISSUED 3 HOURLY)

ESSENTIAL USE ONLY- BECAUSE THIS PRODUCT TAKES IN EXCESS OF 5 MIN TO PRINT
AUSTRALIAN REGIONAL 81580
AUSTRALIAN SW QUADRANT 81581
AUSTRALIAN SE QUADRANT 81582
AUSTRALIAN NW QUADRANT 81583
AUSTRALIAN NE QUADRANT 81584
SIGMET DOMESTIC
MELBOURNE FIR 11103
BRISBANE FIR 11104
SIGMET (INTERNATIONAL) and VOLCANIC 81120
ASH ADVICE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER PROGNOSIS

VALID +3HR AUSTRALIA ASIA/AFRICA PAC/USA
0000 81231 81261 81271
0600 81232 81262 81272
1200 81233 81263 81273
1800 81230 81260 81270
SPECIAL INFORMATION
Requests for ROFORS/SIGWX
The Bureau of Meteorology will inform the customer ordering special requests the code number
to which the information will be directed. It will be in the code range of 81900-81920
TAF BULLETINS
See Section in Appendix C for the list of locations for which TAF will be provided.
Australian 81600
Australia - New Zealand 81601
AUSTRALIA
TAF BULLETINS
Indonesia - Malaysia/Myanmar - Singapore - Thailand - Vietnam 81602
Brunei - China - Hong Kong - Malaysia - Philippines - Taiwan 81603
Guam - Japan - Korea 81604
Indonesia - Pakistan - Singapore - India - Sri Lanka - United Arab Emi- 81605
rates
Malawi - Mauritius - South Africa - Zambia - Zimbabwe 81606
Hawaii-USA 81607
Papua New Guinea - South-west Pacific 81608
Indonesia - Papua New Guinea 81609
UPPER WIND STRENGTH and DISTRIBUTION

Valid for 24 Hours from time of issue. Issue times 0000 and 1200.
CHART A050 A100 FL185 FL340
Analysis 81201 81202 81203 81205
Prognosis 81256 81254 81252 81250
WIND and TEMPERATURE PROGNOSIS INTERNATIONAL

ASIAN
VALID + or - 3HR A100 FL185 FL235
0000 81782 81783 81784
0600 81785 81786 81751
1800 81761 81753
VALID + or - 3HR FL300 FL340 FL390
0000 81758 81754 81750
0600 81759 81755
1200 81760 81756 81752
1800 81757
INDIAN
0000 81778 81774 81770
0600 81779 81775
AUSTRALIA
WIND and TEMPERATURE PROGNOSIS INTERNATIONAL

ASIAN
VALID + or - 3HR A100 FL185 FL235
1200 81780 81776 81772
1800 81777
PACIFIC
0000 81738 81734 81730
0600 81734
1200 81740 81736 81732
1800 81737
AUSTRALIA
APPENDIX A
1. SINGLE LOCATION listed by ARFOR Area

Use four digit code from Location Codes
NOTE: Terminal Forecast (TAF), METAR/SPECI or TTF are provided with requests for MET.
1.1 ARFOR Area 20
LOCATION ABBREV CODE ARFOR AVFAX/DECTALK

ARMINDALE YARM 20 2026
BALLINA YBNA 20 2005
AUSTRALIA

BANKSTOWN YSBK 20 2002
BATHURST YBTH 20 2031
CALGA CAA 20 2018
CASINO YCAS 20 2027
CESSNOCK YCNK 20 2021
COFFS HARBOUR YCFS 20 2016
COOLAH YCAH 20 2036
COONABARABRAN YCBB 20 2033
DOCHRA YDOC 20 2038
EVANS HEAD YEVD 20 2039
GIBRALTER GBA 20 2041
GLENN INNES YGLI 20 2043
GLENBROOK YGNB 20 2006
GRAFTON YGFN 20 2045
GUNNEDA YGDH 20 2034
INVERELL YIVL 20 2049
KATOOMBA YKAT 20 2052
KEMPSEY YKMP 20 2053
MAITLAND YMND 20 2022
MOREE YMOR 20 2057
MOUNT MCQUOID MQD 20 2058
MOUNT SANDON MSO 20 2059
MUDGEE YMDG 20 2032
MURRURUNDI MUI 20 2010
NARRABRI YNBR 20 2035
POINT LOOKOUT PLO 20 2062
POINT MACQUARIE YPMQ 20 2015
QUIRINDI YQDI 20 2024
RICHMOND NSW YSRI 20 2004
AUSTRALIA

SCONE YSCO 20 2023
SINGLETON YSGT 20 2068
SYDNEY YSSY 20 2001
TAMWORTH YSTW 20 2025
TAREE YTRE 20 2014
TERREY HILLS YTRY 20 2055
WEST MAITLAND WMD 20 2081
WESTMEAD HOSPITAL YWST 20 2082
WILLIAMTOWN YWLM 20 2012
1.2 ARFOR Area 21
BATHURST YBTH 21 2031

BINDOOK BIK 21 2101
CAMDEN YSCN 21 2102
CANBERRA YSCB 21 2111
COOMA YCOM 21 2113
COOTAMUNDRA YCTM 21 2132
COWRA YCWR 21 2134
GOULBURN YGLB 21 2112
HOLSWORTHY YSHW 21 2103
JERVIS BAY YJBY 21 2104
LORD HOWE ISLAND YLHI 21 2140
MERIMBULA YMER 21 2124
MORUYA YMRY 21 2123
NORFOLK ISLAND YSNF 21 2141
NOWRA YSNW 21 2122
ORANGE YORG 21 2135
PARKES YPKS 21 2137
RUGBY RUG 21 2105
TUMUT YTMU 21 2107
AUSTRALIA
WAGGA WAGGA YSWG 21 2131

WEE JASPER WJS 21 2108
WILLIAMSDALE WLE 21 2109
WOLLONGONG YWOL 21 2121
YASS YAS 21 2110
YOUNG YYNG 21 2133
1.3 ARFOR Area 22
BOURKE YBKE 22 2230

BREWARRINA YBRW 22 2210
COBAR YCBA 22 2211
COBAR TOWN YCBT 22 2206
COLLARENEBRI YCBR 22 2212
CONDOBOLIN YCDO 22 2213
COONAMBLE YCNM 22 2214
DUBBO YSDU 22 2215
FORBES YFBS 22 2201
GOODOOGA YGDA 22 2217
GRIFFITH YGTH 22 2205
HAY YHAY 22 2207
IVANHOE YIVO 22 2208
LAKE CARGELLIGO YLCG 22 2216
LIGHTNING RIDGE YLRD 22 2220
NARRANDERA YNAR 22 2204
NARROMINE YNRM 22 2221
NYNGAN YNYN 22 2222
POONCARIE YPCE 22 2223
TEMORA YTEM 22 2203
TIBOOBURRA YTIB 22 2209
WALGETT YWLG 22 2225
WARREN YWRN 22 2226
AUSTRALIA
WEST WYALONG YWWL 22 2202

WHITE CLIFFS YWHC 22 2231
WILCANNIA YWCA 22 2229
1.4 ARFOR Area 30
ALBURY YMAY 30 3010

ALEXANDRA YAXA 30 3061
ARARAT YARA 30 3007
AVALON YMAV 30 3004
BAIRNSDALE YBNS 30 3019
BALLARAT YBLT 30 3011
BALRANALD YBRN 30 3020
BENALLA YBLA 30 3030
BENDIGO YBDG 30 3021
BIRCHIP YBIR 30 3009
CHARLTON YCHL 30 3069
COLDSTREAM YCEM 30 3064
COROWA YCOR 30 3040
CORRYONG CYRG 30 3043
COWES CWS 30 3015
DENILIQUIN YDLQ 30 3060
DONALD YDOD 30 3016
EAST SALE YMES 30 3048
ECHUCA YECH 30 3017
EDENHOPE YEDE 30 3066
EILDON WEIR ELW 30 3018
ESSENDON YMEN 30 3002
FALLS CREEK YFLK 30 3071
FOSTER YFTR 30 3008
HAMILTON YHML 30 3014
HOLBROOK YHBK 30 3049
AUSTRALIA
HOPETOUN YHPN 30 3027

HORSHAM YHSM 30 3022
KERANG YKER 30 3028
KILMORE GAP KMG 30 3062
LATROBE VALLEY YLTV 30 3050
LEONGATHA YLEG 30 3029
LILYDALE YLIL 30 3067
MALLACOOTA YMCO 30 3051
MANGALORE YMNG 30 3052
MANSFIELD YMFD 30 3031
MARYBOROUGH (VIC) YMBU 30 3032
MELBOURNE YMML 30 3001
MILDURA YMIA 30 3026
MOORABBIN YMMB 30 3003
MOUNT BULLER YBXU 30 3070
MOUNT HOTHAM YHOT 30 3065
MOUNT LIVINGSTON LVG 30 3033
NHILL YNHL 30 3023
ORBOST YORB 30 3053
POINT COOK YMPC 30 3006
PORTLAND YPOD 30 3013
PUCKAPUNYAL YPKL 30 3036
ROBINVALE YROI 30 3037
SEA LAKE YSLK 30 3039
SHEPPARTON YSHT 30 3055
ST. ARNAUD YSTA 30 3038
STAWELL YSWL 30 3041
STRATHBOGIE SBG 30 3042
SWAN HILL YSWH 30 3025
TOCUMWAL YTOC 30 3056
AUSTRALIA
WANGARATTA YWGT 30 3057

WARRACKNABEAL YWKB 30 3024
WARRNAMBOOL YWBL 30 3012
WEST SALE YWSL 30 3059
WONTHAGGI WON 30 3044
WYCHEPROOF YWYF 30 3045
YARRAM YYRM 30 3046
YARROWEE YWE 30 3047
YARRAWONGA YYWG 30 3005
1.5 ARFOR Area 32
FLINDERS ISLAND YFLI 32 3207

HOGAN ISLAND YHGI 32 3205
KING ISLAND YKII 32 3222
WILSONS PROMONTORY YWLP 30 3208
1.6 ARFOR Area 40
AMBERLEY YAMB 40 4018

ARCHERFIELD YBAF 40 4002
BLACKWATER YBTR 40 4045
BRISBANE YBBN 40 4001
BROMELTON BML 40 4047
BUNDABERG YBUD 40 4022
CHINCHILLA YCCA 40 4034
EMERALD YEML 40 4035
ENOGGERA YENO 40 4064
GATTON COLLEGE YGAT 40 4010
GAYNDAH YGAY 40 4008
GLADSTONE YGLA 40 4023
GOLD COAST YBCG 40 4011
GOONDIWINDI YGDI 40 4033
AUSTRALIA
HERON ISLAND YHRN 40 4036

HERVEY BAY YHBA 40 4026
JACOBS WELL JCW 40 4079
KILCOY KCY 40 4084
KINGAROY YKRY 40 4004
LARAVALE LAV 40 4085
LISMORE YLIS 40 4012
MALENY MLY 40 4089
MAROOCHYDORE YBMC 40 4005
MARYBOROUGH (QLD) YMYB 40 4021
OAKEY YBOK 40 4007
ROCKHAMPTON YBRK 40 4024
SOUTHPORT YSPT 40 4016
STANTHORPE YSPE 40 4009
SUNSHINE COAST YBSU 40 4005
TAROOM YTAM 40 4031
THANGOOL YTNG 40 4025
TOOWOOMBA YTWB 40 4003
WARWICK YWCK 40 4037
1.7 ARFOR Area 41
ALPHA YAPH 41 4110

BARCALDINE YBAR 41 4104
BALLERA YLLE 41 4135
BEDOURIE YBIE 41 4136
BIRDSVILLE YBDV 41 4114
BLACKALL YBCK 41 4105
BOULIA YBOU 41 4137
CHARLEVILLE YBCV 41 4102
CUNNAMULLA YCMU 41 4106
DIRRANBANDI YDBI 41 4112
AUSTRALIA
LONGREACH YLRE 41 4103

QUILPIE YQLP 41 4107
ROMA YROM 41 4101
ST. GEORGE YSGE 41 4108
THARGOMINDAH YTGM 41 4132
WINDORAH YWDH 41 4134
1.8 ARFOR Area 43
CAMOOWEAL YCMW 43 4302

CANNINGTON STATION YCAM 43 4310
CLONCURRY YCCY 43 4303
ELROSE YESE 43 4307
HUGHENDEN YHUG 43 4317
JULIA CREEK YJLC 43 4305
MOUNT GORDON YGON 43 4321
MOUNT ISA YBMA 43 4301
OSBORNE MINE YOSB 43 4320
RICHMOND QLD YRMD 43 4306
THE MONUMENT YTMO 43 4318
TREPELL YTEE 43 4319
URANDANGI YUDG 43 4304
WINTON YWTN 43 4311
1.9 ARFOR Area 44
BOWEN YBWN 44 4404

CHARTERS TOWERS YCHT 44 4411
CLERMONT YCMT 44 4408
COLLINSVILLE YCSV 44 4409
DYSART YDYS 44 4413
GEORGETOWN YGTN 44 4414
HAMILTON ISLAND YBHM 44 4403
AUSTRALIA
INGHAM YIGM 44 4410

MACKAY YBMK 44 4401
MIDDLEMOUNT YMMU 44 4412
MORANBAH YMRB 44 4418
PALM ISLAND YPAM 44 4421
PROSERPINE/WHITSUNDAY COAST YBPN 44 4405
SAMUEL HILL YSMH 44 4420
SHUTE HARBOUR YSHR 44 4406
TOWNSVILLE YBTL 44 4402
WILLIAMSON YWIS 44 4419
1.10 ARFOR Area 45
ABINGDON DOWNS YABI 45 4521

ATHERTON YATN 45 4530
AURUKUN YAUR 45 4508
BIBHOORA BIB 45 4510
BURKETOWN YBKT 45 4519
CAIRNS YBCS 45 4511
CAPE FLATTERY YCFL 45 4522
CENTURY MINE YCNY 45 4542
CHILLAGOE YCGO 45 4512
COEN YCOE 45 4503
COOKTOWN YCKN 45 4513
DOOMADGEE YDMG 45 4541
HEATHLANDS YHTL 45 4539
HORN ISLAND YHID 45 4502
INNISFAIL YIFL 45 4523
KARUMBA YKMB 45 4524
KOWANYAMA YKOW 45 4514
KUBIN YKUB 45 4527
LAURA YLRA 45 4515
AUSTRALIA
LOCKHART RIVER YLHR 45 4505

MAREEBA YMBA 45 4506
MORNINGTON ISLAND YMTI 45 4516
MOSSMAN HOSPITAL YXMO 45 4534
MURRAY/MER ISLAND YMAE 45 4536
MUSGRAVE YMGV 45 4540
NORMANTON YNTN 45 4517
NORTHERN PENINSULA YNPE 45 4509
PALMERVILLE YPVI 45 4520
PORMPURAAW YPMP 45 4525
SAIBAI ISLAND YSII 45 4528
SCHERGER YBSG 45 4507
TULLY HOSPITAL YXTU 45 4537
WARRABER ISLAND YWBS 45 4531
WEIPA YBWP 45 4501
YAM ISLAND YYMI 45 4533
YORKE ISLAND YYKI 45 4504
1.11 ARFOR Area 50
ADELAIDE YPAD 50 5001

ARDROSSAN YARS 50 5015
BORDERTOWN YBOR 50 5016
CAPE BORDA YCBO 50 5014
COWELL YCWL 50 5017
EDINBURGH YPED 50 5011
GOOLWA YGWA 50 5021
KADINA YKDI 50 5018
KINGSCOTE YKSC 50 5007
LAKE ALBERT LRT 50 5025
LOXTON YLOX 50 5026
MINLATON YMIN 50 5013
AUSTRALIA
MOUNT GAMBIER YMTG 50 5006

MURRAY BRIDGE YMBD 50 5019
NARACOORTE YNRC 50 5005
PARAFIELD YPPF 50 5002
PORT AUGUSTA YPAG 50 5004
PORT LINCOLN YPLC 50 5008
PORT PIRIE YPIR 50 5032
RENMARK YREN 50 5012
ROBE YRBE 50 5010
STONEFIELD SFL 50 5035
TAILEM BEND TBD 50 5037
TUMBY BAY YTBB 50 5009
WAIKERIE YWKI 50 5038
WHYALLA YWHA 50 5003
1.12 ARFOR Area 51
ANDAMOOKA YAMK 51 5105

BROKEN HILL YBHI 51 5107
LEIGH CREEK YLEC 51 5102
MARREE YMRE 51 5109
OLYMPIC DAM YOLD 51 5106
WENTWORTH YWTO 51 5103
WOOMERA YPWR 51 5104
1.13 ARFOR Area 52
CLIFTON HILLS YCFH 52 5203

COOBER PEDY YCBP 52 5201
MERTY MERTY YMYT 52 5205
MOOMBA YOOM 52 5204
OODNADATTA YOOD 52 5202
PROMINENT HILL YPMH 52 5206
AUSTRALIA
1.14 ARFOR Area 53
CEDUNA YCDU 53 5301

CLEVE YCEE 53 5303
COOK YOOK 53 5310
CUMMINS TOWN YCMM 53 5311
JACINTH AMBROSIA YJAC 53 5312
KIMBA YIMB 53 5306
MINNIPA YMPA 53 5307
MOUNT HOPE MTP 53 5308
STREAKY BAY YKBY 53 5309
TARCOOLA YTAR 53 5305
WUDINNA YWUD 53 5302
1.15 ARFOR Area 60
BALLIDU YBIU 60 6009

CLACKLINE CKL 60 6014
CUNDERDIN YCUN 60 6005
GARDEN ISLAND YGAD 60 6023
GERALDTON YGEL 60 6003
GINGIN YGIG 60 6021
GOLDEN GROVE YGGE 60 6008
JANDAKOT YPJT 60 6002
JURIEN BAY YJNB 60 6024
KALBARRI YKBR 60 6012
KARARA YKAR 60 6013
MORAWA YMRW 60 6032
MOUNT MAGNET YMOG 60 6011
MURRAY FIELD YMUL 60 6010
NAREMBEEN YNRB 60 6035
PEARCE YPEA 60 6006
AUSTRALIA
PERTH YPPH 60 6001

PINGELLY PIY 60 6038
ROTTNEST ISLAND YRTI 60 6004
1.16 ARFOR Area 61
BELLEVUE YBLU 61 6105

DARLOT YDLO 61 6110
GRANNY SMITH YGRS 61 6108
KALGOORLIE YPKG 61 6101
KAMBALDA YKBL 61 6113
LAVERTON YLTN 61 6103
LAWLERS YLAW 61 6111
LEINSTER YLST 61 6106
LEONORA YLEO 61 6102
MURRIN MURRIN YMMI 61 6107
SOUTHERN CROSS YSCR 61 6104
SUNRISE DAM YSRD 61 6109
WINDARLING YWDG 61 6112
1.17 ARFOR Area 62
CAIGUNA YCAG 62 6202

FORREST YFRT 62 6201
1.18 ARFOR Area 63
ALBANY YABA 63 6301

BUSSELTON YBLN 63 6305
ESPERANCE YESP 63 6302
ESPERANCE TOWN YEST 63 6310
FORRESTANIA YFTA 63 6312
KATANNING YKNG 63 6309
MANJIMUP YMJM 63 6306
AUSTRALIA
MARGARET RIVER YMGT 63 6308

NORSEMAN YNSM 63 6304
RAVENSTHORPE YNRV 63 6303
1.19 ARFOR Area 64
WARBURTON YWBR 64 6402
1.20 ARFOR Area 65
CARNARVON YCAR 65 6501

SHARK BAY YSHK 65 6504
1.21 ARFOR Area 66
BARIMUNYA YBRY 66 6602

BOOLGEEDA YBGD 66 6617
BRONZEWING YBWG 66 6612
CHRISTMAS CREEK YCHK 66 6619
COONDEWANNA YCWA 66 6603
DEGRUSSA YDGU 66 6618
FORTESCUE DAVE FORREST YFDF 66 6615
JUNDEE YJUN 66 6611
MEEKATHARRA YMEK 66 6601
MOUNT KEITH YMNE 66 6605
NEWMAN YNWN 66 6607
NIFTY YCNF 66 6616
NULLAGINE YNUL 66 6608
PARABURDOO YPBO 66 6609
PLUTONIC YPLU 66 6613
TELFER YTEF 66 6610
WEST ANGELAS YANG 66 6614
WILUNA YWLU 66 6604
WOODIE WOODIE YWWI 66 6606
AUSTRALIA
1.22 ARFOR Area 68
BARROW ISLAND YBWX 68 6803

BROCKMAN YBKM 68 6806
CHRISTMAS ISLAND YPXM 68 6812
COCOS (KEELING) ISLAND YPCC 68 6811
KARRATHA YPKA 68 6802
LEARMONTH YPLM 68 6805
MARDI STN YMDZ 68 6809
NORTH RANKIN A PLATFORM YXNR 68 6804
ONSLOW YOLW 68 6807
PORT HEDLAND YPPD 68 6801
ROEBOURNE YROE 68 6808
SHAY GAP YSHG 68 6815
SOLOMONS YSOL 68 6816
THEVENARD ISLAND YTHV 68 6810
1.23 ARFOR Area 69
ARGYLE YARG 69 6904

BALGO HILL YBGO 69 6905
BROOME YBRM 69 6903
CURTIN YCIN 69 6901
DERBY YDBY 69 6902
FITZROY CROSSING YFTZ 69 6906
GIBB RIVER YGIB 69 6907
HALLS CREEK YHLC 69 6908
KALUMBURU YKAL 69 6909
KOOLAN ISLAND YKLI 69 6916
KUNUNURRA YPKU 69 6910
TROUGHTON ISLAND YTTI 69 6913
AUSTRALIA
TRUSCOTT YTST 69 6914

WYNDHAM YWYM 69 6915
1.24 ARFOR Area 70
DEVONPORT YDPO 70 7003

HOBART YMHB 70 7001
LAUNCESTON YMLT 70 7002
MAATSUYKER YMSY 70 7011
QUEENSTOWN YQNS 70 7007
SMITHTON YSMI 70 7008
ST. HELENS YSTH 70 7004
STRAHAN YSRN 70 7009
TASMAN ISLAND YTSI 70 7005
WYNYARD YWYY 70 7010
1.25 ARFOR Area 80
BAMYILI YBMY 80 8016

BATHURST ISLAND YBTI 80 8011
BORROLOOLA YBRL 80 8003
CAPE DON YCPD 80 8006
CROKER ISLAND YCKI 80 8022
DARWIN YPDN 80 8001
DELAMERE RANGE FACILITY YDWF 80 8026
DELISSAVILLE YDLV 80 8023
ELCHO ISLAND YELD 80 8019
GARDEN POINT YGPT 80 8013
GOVE YPGV 80 8009
GROOTE EYLANDT YGTE 80 8010
JABIRU YJAB 80 8007
LAKE EVELLA YLEV 80 8039
MANINGRIDA YMGD 80 8025
AUSTRALIA
MCARTHUR RIVER MINE YMHU 80 8020

MILINGIMBI YMGB 80 8017
NABARLEK YNAB 80 8004
NGUKURR YNGU 80 8018
NUMBULWAR YNUM 80 8047
OENPELLI YOEN 80 8048
PORT KEATS YPKT 80 8051
RAMINGINING YRNG 80 8052
ROBERTSON BARRACKS YRBK 80 8015
SMITH POINT YSMP 80 8057
SNAKE BAY YSNB 80 8012
SOUTH GOULBURN ISLAND YGBI 80 8014
TIMBER CREEK YTBR 80 8058
TINDAL YPTN 80 8002
VICTORIA RIVER DOWNS YVRD 80 8005
1.26 ARFOR Area 84
BRUNETTE DOWNS YBRU 84 8403

ELLIOT YELL 84 8407
HOOKER CREEK YHOO 84 8406
KALKGURUNG YKKG 84 8404
TENNANT CREEK YTNK 84 8401
THE GRANITES YTGT 84 8402
WAVE HILL YWAV 84 8405
1.27 ARFOR Area 85
ALICE SPRINGS YBAS 85 8501

AYERS ROCK YAYE 85 8502
CURTIN SPRINGS YCSP 85 8507
ERNABELLA YERN 85 8504
GILES YGLS 85 8503
AUSTRALIA
JERVOIS YJVS 85 8508

KINTORE YKNT 85 8505
YUENDUMU YYND 85 8506
1.28 ARFOR Area 86
BAYU UNDAN YBYU 86 8602

JABIRU VENTURE YJVN 86 8603
NORTHERN ENDEAVOUR YNEN 86 8605
1.29 ARFOR Area 87
BROWSE ISLAND YBWS 87 8701
APPENDIX B
1. INFORMATION ON THE USE OF METBRIEF
The Automated Meteorological Telephone Briefing Service (METBRIEF) responds to tone gener-
ated telephone requests and delivers from the database, using a computer generated voice,
ARFOR, TAF and TTF information on the telephone. Charges apply.
Australia wide information is available by dialling 1800 805 150
1.1 Pilots interested in this service can register by completing the NAIPS registration form on the
Pilot Briefing web site or contacting the Airservices Australia Help Desk on 1800 801 960 for a
registration form. The Help Desk will provide an account number and password.
1.2 HOW TO USE METBRIEF
1.2.1 Assistance is available from the help desk.
1.2.2 For METBRIEF
a. Dial 1800 805 150 and clear the Telstra PhoneAway System; you have cleared the Phone-
Away System when you have selected from the menu the METBRIEF option.
b. Welcome message and current time heard;
c. Voice invitation to enter account number:
Enter personal 5-digit account number;
d. Voice invitation to enter password followed by the hash (#) key
Enter personal 4-digit password followed by the hash (#) key;
e. Voice invitation to enter the code for location or group or press hash (#) to terminate call;
Enter the code for the location or group;
AUSTRALIA
f. Selected product will be read

g. Voice invitation to enter the code for location or group or press hash (#) to terminate call;
Enter the code for the location or group;
h. Enter the code for location or group or press hash (#). If hash (#) is selected, the caller will
have the option of pressing zero (0) to speak to an operator or terminating the call
Return to Menu *
Group Codes 9
While product is being spoken, select:
Key 1 Pause
Key 2 Read speed
Key 3 Dictation speed
Key 4 Replay
Key 5 Backup to start of a phrase and continue reading.
Key 6 Volume Control
Key * Product output terminates. Option to enter a new product.
Key # Product output terminates. Option to enter a new product.
Selection of the hash (#) key at the end of the product - Option to go to an operator
(Codes indicated in table provide complete ARFOR/TAF/TTF/METAR for a specified area)

1.3 TAF codes in METBRIEF follow the convention of 2 digits being added to the ARFOR area
to which the location is attached. For individual selections, these codes are available under the
FIR listings in the preceding pages.
1.4 SELECTION CODES
TTF
Sydney 1002
Melbourne 1003
Brisbane 1004
Adelaide 1005
Perth 1006
Darwin 1008
Cairns 1009
AUSTRALIA
Rockhampton 1010
Amberley 1011
Canberra 1007
East Sale 1012
Oakey 1015
Williamtown 1017
Nowra 1018
Townsville 1019
1.5 GROUP SELECTION CODES

1.5.1 If groups of locations are required, the following will be provided when the group selection
code is keyed in.
ARFOR 20 - MET 2000, Group Code 9200, Coastal 9201, Inland 9202, Metropolitan 9209
Armidale, Ballina, Bankstown, Bathurst, Camden, Casino, Cessnock,
Coffs Harbour, Coonabarabran, Evans Head, Grafton, Glen Innes, Glen-
brook, Gunnedah, Inverell, Maitland, Moree, Mudgee, Murray/Mer Island,
Narrabri, Port Macquarie, Richmond, Scone, Sydney, Tamworth, Taree,
Terrey Hills, Williamtown
ARFOR 21 - MET 2100 Group Code 9210, Coastal 9211, Inland 9212, Western 9213
Bankstown, Bathurst, Camden, Canberra, Cooma, Cootamundra, Cowra,
Cudal, Goulburn, Lord Howe Island, Merimbula, Moruya, Norfolk Island,
Nowra, Orange, Parkes, Sydney, Wagga Wagga, Wollongong, Young
ARFOR 22 - MET 2200 Group Code 9220, Northern 9221, Southern 9222
Bourke, Brewarrina, Cobar, Cobar Town, Condobolin, Coonamble, Dub-
bo, Forbes, Griffith, Hay, Ivanhoe, Moree, Narrandera, Nyngan, Parkes,
Temora, Tibooburra, Wagga Wagga, Walgett, West Wyalong, Wilcannia
ARFOR 30 - MET 3000 Group Code 9300, Southern 9301, Northern 9302, Metropolitan 9309
Albury, Alexandra, Avalon, Bairnsdale, Ballarat, Bendigo, Coldstream, Co-
rowa, Deniliquin, East Sale, Essendon, Falls Creek, Hamilton, Horsham,
Kilmore Gap, Latrobe Valley, Mallacoota, Mangalore, Melbourne, Mildura,
Moorabbin, Mount Buller, Mount Hotham, Nhill, Phillip Island, Point Cook,
Portland, Shepparton, Stawell, Swan Hill, Wangaratta, Warrnambool,
West Sale, WIlsons Promontory, Yarrawonga.
AUSTRALIA
ARFOR 32 - MET 3200 Group 9320

Avalon, Essendon, Flinders Island, King Island, Melbourne, Moorabbin,
Phillip Island, Point Cook, Wilsons Promontory.
ARFOR 40 - MET 4000 Group Code 9400, North Coast 9401, South Coast 9402, North West
9403, South West 9404, Metropolitan 9409
Amberley, Archerfield, Ballina, Brisbane, Bundaberg, Casino, Gold Coast,
Emerald, Enoggera, Gatton College, Gayndah, Gladstone, Goondiwindi,
Herron Is, Hervey Bay, Kingaroy, Lismore, Sunshine Coast, Maryborough,
Oakey, Rockhampton, Thangool, Toowoomba, Warwick
ARFOR 41 - MET 4100 Group Code 9410, Eastern 9411, Western 9412
Barcaldine, Birdsville, Blackall, Boulia, Charleville, Cunnamulla, Emerald,
Innamincka, Jackson, Longreach, Quilpie, Roma, St George, Thargomin-
dah, Windorah
Burketown, Cannington Station, Cloncurry, Doomadgee, Emerald, Geor-
getown, Hughenden, Julia Creek, Mt Isa, Richmond, The Monument, Tre-
pell, Urandangi, Winton
ARFOR 44 - MET 4400 Group 9440, Coastal 9441, Inland 9442
Cannington STN, Charters Towers, Clermont, Emerald, Georgetown,
Hamilton Island, Kidston, Mackay, Moranbah, Proserpine/Whitsunday
Coast, Rockhampton, Samuel Hill, Shute Harbour, Townsville, William-
son.
ARFOR 45 - MET 4500 Group Code 9450, Eastern 9451, Western 9452
Abingdon Downs, Burketown, Cairns, Coen, Cooktown, Dorunda, Heath-
lands, Horn Island, Kowanyama, Laura, Lizard Island, Lockhart River,
Mareeba, Mornington Island, Musgrave, Normanton, Scherger, Weipa,
Yam Island, Yorke Island.
ARFOR 50 - MET 5000 Group Code 9500, Eastern 9501, Western 9502, Metropolitan 9509
Adelaide, Cape Borda, Edinburgh, Kadina, Kingscote, Mt Gambier, Minla-
ton, Naracoorte, Parafield, Port Augusta, Port Lincoln, Renmark, Robe,
Tumby Bay, Whyalla
Broken Hill, Hawker, Leigh Creek, Marree, Mildura, Olympic Dam, Tiboo-
burra, Woomera
ARFOR 52 - MET 5200 Group Code 9520
Coober Pedy, Merty Merty, Moomba, Oodnadatta
AUSTRALIA

Ceduna, Cleve, Cook, Tarcoola, Wudinna.
ARFOR 60 - MET 6000 Group Code 9600, Coastal 9601, Inland 9602, Metropolitan 9609
Cunderdin, Geraldton, Jandakot, Kalbarri, Morawa, Mt Magnet, Pearce,
Perth, Rottnest Island.
Kalgoorlie, Laverton, Leonora, Leinster, Mount Magnet, Southern Cross
Forrest
Albany, Esperance, Esperance Town, Norseman
Giles, Warburton Range
Carnarvon, Shark Bay
Meekatharra, Newman, Paraburdoo, Plutonic, Telfer, Wiluna
Barrow Island, Brockman, Christmas Island, Cocos Island, Karratha, Lear-
month, Mardi Station, North Rankin A, Onslow, Port Hedland, Roebourne,
Thevenard Island
Argyle, Balgo Hill, Broome, Curtin, Derby, Fitzroy Crossing, Gibb River,
Halls Creek, Koolan Island, Kununurra, Wyndham.
Devonport, Flinders Island, Hobart, King Island, Launceston, Maatsuyker,
St Helens, Smithton, Strahan, Tasman Island, Wynyard.
Bathurst Island, Borroloola, Cape Don, Daly River Mission, Darwin, Elcho
Island, Gove, Groote Eylandt, Jabiru, McArthur River Mine, Maningrida,
Milingimbi, Nabarlek, Ngukurr, Port Keats, Robertson Barracks, Smith
Point, Snake Bay, South Goulburn Island, Tindal, Victoria River Downs.
AUSTRALIA

Balgo Hill
Brunette Downs, Elliot, Hooker Creek, Tennant Creek, The Granites.
Alice Springs, Ayers Rock, Curtin Springs, Ernabella, Giles, Kintore,
Yuendumu
Jabiru Venture
Browse Island
1.6 ARFOR Subdivision Contents

Locations in Area Forecast Subdivisions
NOTE: For Locations in bold print NOTAM and Meteorological information is provided. For others
NOTAM information only is given. For Military Airspace Group inclusions (e.g. TSX, WMX etc.)
see PRD Group.
AREA 20 Coastal 9201 Ballina, Bankstown, Calga, Casino, Coffs Harbour, Evans Head,
Grafton, Holsworthy, Hoxton Park, Kempsey, Lord Howe Island, Lis-
more, Maitland, Norfolk Island, Point Lookout, Port Macquarie,
Sydney, Taree, Terrey Hills, West Maitland, Williamtown.
Weather only: Cessnock
Airspace: AEX, AWX, EVX, RIX, SGX, TSX, WEX, WMX, WWX,
R405AB, R473, R520, R521, R524, R533, R536ABC, R547,
R555ABCD, R647AB.
AREA 20 Inland 9202 Armidale, Bathurst, Coolah, Coonabarabran, Cudal, Dubbo, Gi-
braltar, Glen Innes, Glenbrook, Gunnedah, Inverell, Katoomba,
Moree, Mount McQuoid, Mount Sandon, Mudgee, Murray/Mer Island,
Narrabri, Orange, Parkes, Quirindi, Richmond, Scone, Singleton,
Tamworth.
R405AB, R473, R520, R521, R524, R533, R536ABC, R547,
R555ABCD, R647AB.
AUSTRALIA
AREA 20 Metro 9209 Sydney, Bankstown, Camden, Hoxton Park, Richmond, Terrey
Hills.
R405AB, R473, R520, R521, R524, R533, R536ABC, R547,
R555ABCD, R647AB.
AREA 21 Coastal 9211 Bankstown, Camden, Holsworthy, Hoxton Park, Jervis Bay, Lord
Howe Island, Mallacoota, Merimbula, Moruya, Norfolk Island,
Nowra, Sydney, Wollongong.
Airspace: NWX, RIX, TSX, R405AB, R406, R408, R415, R418, R424,
R425, R426, R455, R473, R520, R521, R525, R536ABC, R555ABCD.
AREA 21 Inland 9212 Bankstown, Bathurst, Bindook, Camden, Canberra, Cooma, Goul-
burn, Katoomba, Nowra, Rugby, Sydney, Tumut, Wee Jasper, Wil-
liamsdale, Yass.
AREA 21 Western 9213 Bathurst, Cootamundra, Cowra, Cudal, Orange, Parkes, Rugby,
Temora, Tumut, Wagga Wagga, Wee Jasper, Young.
AREA 22 Northern 9221 Bourke, Brewarrina, Broken Hill, Cobar, Cobar Town, Collarenebri,
Coonabarabran, Coonamble, Dubbo, Goodooga, Lightning Ridge,
Moree, Mungindi, Narromine, Nyngan, Tibooburra, Tottenham, Wal-
gett, Warren.
Weather Only: Wilcannia.
Airspace: AWX, WWX, R406, R408, R415, R418, R524, R525.
AREA 22 Southern 9222 Balranald, Condobolin, Dubbo, Forbes, Griffith, Hay, Lake Cargelli-
go, Mildura, Narrandera, Narromine, Parkes, Pooncarie, Temora,
Tottenham, Wagga Wagga, West Wyalong.
Weather Only: Ivanhoe.
Airspace: AWX, WWX, R406, R408, R415, R418, R524, R525.
AUSTRALIA
AREA 30 Southern 9301 Ararat, Avalon, Bairnsdale, Ballarat, Cowes, East Sale, Eildon Weir,
Essendon, Falls Creek, Fentons Hill, Hamilton, Latrobe Valley,
Leongatha, Mallacoota, Mangalore, Mansfield, Maryborough, Mel-
bourne, Moorabbin, Mount Buller, Mount Gambier, Mount Hotham,
Mt Livingstone, Mt William, Naracoorte, Orbost, Point Cook, Port-
land, Puckapunyal, Stawell, Warrnambool, West Sale, Wilsons
Promontory, Wonthaggi, Yarram, Yarrowee.
Weather only: Alexandra, Coldstream, Kilmore Gap, Phillip Island.
Airspace: ESX, R321, R323AB, R325AB, R332, R350ABC, R351AB,
R352, R364, R363, R368, R374, R408, R415, R418.
AREA 30 Metro 9309 Avalon, Essendon, Fentons Hill, Melbourne, Moorabbin, Point
Cook.
Weather Only: Coldstream, Laverton.
R352, R364, R363, R368, R374, R408, R415, R418.
AREA 30 Northern 9302 Albury, Balranald, Benalla, Bendigo, Birchip, Cooma, Corowa, Cor-
ryong, Deniliquin, Donald, Echuca, Falls Creek, Holbrook, Hopetoun,
Horsham, Kerang, Loxton, Mangalore, Mildura, Mount Buller, Mount
Hotham, Natya, Nhill, Renmark, Robinvale, Sea Lake, St Arnaud,
Shepparton, Strathbogie, Swan Hill, Tocumwal, Wagga Wagga,
Wangaratta, Warracknabeal, Wycheproof.
Weather Only: Alexandra, Kilmore Gap
R352, R364, R363, R368, R374, R408, R415, R418.
AREA 40 North Coast Archerfield, Brisbane, Bundaberg, Enoggera, Gladstone, Hervey
9401 Bay, Maleny, Maryborough, Rockhampton, Redcliffe, Sunshine
Coast.
Weather Only: Herron Is
Airspace: AEX, AMX, AWX, EVX, OKX, WBX, R633AB, R634AB,
R647AB, R693, R709.
AREA 40 South Coast Archerfield, Ballina, Brisbane, Casino, Gold Coast, Enoggera,
9402 Evans Head, Jacobs Well, Laravale, Lismore, Southport.
R647AB, R693, R709.
AREA 40 Northwest Archerfield, Blackwater, Brisbane, Chinchilla, Emerald, Enoggera,
9403 Gayndah, Kilcoy, Kingaroy, Taroom, Thangool.
R647AB, R693, R709.
AUSTRALIA
AREA 40 Southwest Amberley, Archerfield, Brisbane, Gatton College, Goondiwindi,

9404 Oakey, Stanthorpe, Toowoomba, Warwick.
R647AB, R693, R709.
AREA 40 Metro 9409 Brisbane, Archerfield, Amberley, Enoggera, Gold Coast, Sunshine
Coast.
R647AB, R693, R709.
AREA 41 Eastern 9411 Alpha, Barcaldine, Blackall, Charleville, Cunnamulla, Emerald, Eu-
lo, Goodooga, Longreach, Quilpie, Roma, St George.
Airspace: AWX, R608.
AREA 41 Western 9412 Bedourie, Birdsville, Boulia, Jackson, Longreach, Moomba, Quil-
pie, Thargomindah, Windorah.
Weather Only: Innamincka
Airspace: AWX, R608.
AREA 43 Northern 9431 Burketown, Camooweal, Cannington Station, Cloncurry, Doomadg-
ee, Georgetown, Hughenden, Julia Creek, Kidston, Mount Gordon,
Mount Isa, Richmond Urandangi.
Weather Only: Cannington STN
Airspace: TLX, R608.
AREA 43 Southern 9432 Alpha, Barcaldine, Cannington Station, Clermont, Cloncurry, Emer-
ald, Hughenden, Julia Creek, Longreach, Mount Isa, Richmond,
Urandangi, Winton.
Airspace: TLX, R608.
AREA 44 Coastal 9441 Bowen, Hamilton Island, Mackay, Proserpine/ Whitsunday Coast,
Rockhampton, Townsville, Williamson.
Weather Only: Samuel Hill, Shute Harbour
Airspace: SBX, TLX, R709, R768AB.
AREA 44 Inland 9442 Blackwater, Charters Towers, Clermont, Collinsville, Dysart, Emer-
ald, Georgetown, Kidston, Moranbah.
Airspace: SBX, TLX, R709, R768AB.
AREA 45 Eastern 9451 Abingdon Downs, Bamaga, Bibhoora, Cairns, Cape Flattery, Cook-
town, Coen, Georgetown, Heathlands, Horn Island, Innisfail, Lock-
hart River, Mareeba, Musgrave, Weipa, Wrotham Park, Yorke Island.
Weather Only: Laura Yam Island.
Airspace: SHX, TLX, TUX, R766, R767, R778, R783.
AUSTRALIA
AREA 45 Western 9452 Abingdon Downs, Aurukun, Bamaga, Burketown, Cairns, Doomadg-
ee, Heathlands, Horn Island, Karumba, Kowanyama, Mornington
Island, Musgrave, Normanton, Pormpuraaw, Scherger, Weipa.
Weather Only: Dorunda, Yam Island.
Airspace: SHX, TLX, TUX, R766, R767, R778, R783.
AREA 50 Eastern 9501 Adelaide, Bordertown, Edinburgh, Goolwa, Jandakot, Lake Albert,
Loxton, Millicent, Mount Gambier, Naracoorte, Parafield, Renmark,
Robe, Stonefield, Tailem Bend, Waikerie.
Airspace: EDX, ENX, PWX, R289AB, R298.
AREA 50 Western 9502 Adelaide, Ardrossan, Cale Borda, Cleve, Cowell, Edinburgh, Kadi-
na, Kingscote, Parafield, Port Augusta, Port Lincoln, Port Pirie,
Tumby Bay, Whyalla.
Weather only: Minlaton
AREA 50 Metro 9509 Adelaide, Parafield, Edinburgh.
AREA 60 Coastal 9601 Geraldton, Gin Gin, Jandakot, Jurien Bay, Kalbarri, Lancelin,
Pearce, Perth, Rottnest Island.
Airspace: LNX, PEX, SNX, R131ABCDEFG, R140AB.
AREA 60 Inland 9602 Ballidu, Clackline, Cue, Cunderdin, Jandakot, Morawa, Mount Mag-
net, Narembeen, Perth, Pingelly.
AREA 60 Metro 9609 Jandakot, Pearce, Perth, Rottnest Island.
AREA 80 Northern 9801 Bamyili, Bathurst Island, Croker Island, Darwin, Elcho Island,, Gar-
den Point, Gove, Groote Eylandt, Jabiru, Lake Evella, Maningrida,
Milingimbi, Nabarlek, Ngukurr, Numbulwar, Oenpelli, Pt Fawcett,
Port Keats, Ramingining, Robertson Barracks, Snake Bay, South
Goulburn Island, Tindal.
Weather Only: Cooinda, Delissaville, Daly River Mission, Jabiru, Pick-
ataramor, Smith Point.
Airspace: DNX, DSX, TNX, R224ABC, R268, R269, R270, R272.
AREA 80 Southern 9802 Bamyili, Borroloola, Kununurra, McArthur River Mine, Ngukurr,
Port Keats, Tindal, Victoria River Downs, Wyndham.
Airspace: DNX, DSX, TNX, R224ABC, R268, R269, R270, R272.
AUSTRALIA
AREA 85 Northern 9851 Alice Springs, Jervois

Weather Only: Kintore, Yuendumu
Airspace: P229, R235.
AREA 85 Southern 9852 Alice Springs, Ayers Rock, Curtin Springs, Giles, Hermannsburg.
Weather Only: Ernabella.
Airspace: P229, R235.
APPENDIX C
1. LOCATIONS AVAILABLE FROM INTERNATIONAL TAF BULLETINS
Australian
81600
YMML Melbourne
YSSY Sydney
YBBN Brisbane
YBCS Cairns
YBAS Alice Springs
YBMA Mount Isa
YPAD Adelaide
YPDN Darwin
YPTN Tindal
YPPH Perth
YPLM Learmonth
YCAR Carnarvon
YPCC Cocos Island
YPPD Port Hedland
YBTL Townsville
YMHB Hobart
YPXM Christmas Island
AUSTRALIA
Australia/New Zealand
81601
NZAA Aukland INTL
NZWN Wellington INTL
NZCH Christchurch INTL
NZHK Hokitika
NZDN Dunedin
NZNS Nelson
NZWP Whenuapai
YLHI Lord Howe Island
YSNF Norfolk Island
Indonesia - Malaysia - Myanmar - Singapore - Thailand - Vietnam

81602
WIBB Pekanbaru
WICC Bandung
WIII Jakarta / Soekarno Hatta
WIIH Jakarta / Halim Perdanakusuma
WIMM Medan
WIPK Pangkalpinang
WMKK Kuala Lumpur
WRSJ Surabaya / Juanda
WRRR Bali INTL Ngurah Rai
WSSS Singapore / Changi
WSSL Singapore
WSAP Paya Lebar (RSAF)
WMSA Subang / Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah APT
WMKD Kuantan
WMKP Penang
WMKJ Johor Bahru
VTBD Bangkok
AUSTRALIA
Indonesia - Malaysia - Myanmar - Singapore - Thailand - Vietnam

81602
VTBU U-Taphao (Formerly Rayong)
VTCC Chiang Mai
VTSP Phuket
VTSS Songkhla / Hat Yai
VVTS Hochimnh / Tansonhat
VDPP Phnom Penh
VVNB Hanoi / Nobai
VYYY Yangon INTL
Brunei - China - Hong Kong - Malaysia - Philippines - Taiwan

81603
WAMM Manada / Sam Ratulangi
WBSB Brunei INTL
WBKK Kota Kinabalu INTL
WBGG Kuching
WMKD Kuantan
VHHH Hong Kong
ZGSZ Shenzen
RCTP Taipei INTL
RCKH Gaoxiong
ZGGG Guangzhou
ZBAA Beijing
ZSSS Shanghai / Honggiao
ZBTJ Tianjin / Zhangguizhuang
ZBYN Taiyuan
ZSHC Hangzhou
ZYTL Dalian
RPLL Manila INTL
AUSTRALIA
Brunei - China - Hong Kong - Malaysia - Philippines - Taiwan

81603
RPVM Lapu-Lapu / Mactan
RPMZ Zamboanga
Guam - Japan - Korea

81604
PGUA Anderson AFB
PGUM Agana Nas
PGSN Saipan
PTRO Babelthuap / Koror
RJOO Osaka INTL
RJOB Okayama
RJNN Nagoya
RJCC Sapporo / New Chitose
RJFR Kitakyushu
RJEC Asahikawa
RJSK Akita
RJSS Sendai
RJFK Kagoshima
RJAA Narita
RJBB Kansai INTL
RJTT Tokyo
RJFF Fukuoka
RJFT Kumamoto
RJFU Nagasaki
ROAH Naha
RKJJ Kwangju
RKJK Kunsan
RKSS Seoul / Kimpo INTL
RKSM Seoul East / Sinchonri
AUSTRALIA
Guam - Japan - Korea

81604
RKPK Kim Hae INTL
RKPC Cheju INTL
RKTH Pohang
RKPS Sachon
Indonesia - Pakistan - Singapore - India - Sri Lanka - United Arab Emirates

81605
WADD Bali INTL Ngubah Rai
WICC Bandung
WIII Jakarta / Soekarno Hatta
WSSS Singapore / Changi
WSSL Singapore
VCBI Colombo / Katunayake
VECC Calcutta
VOMM Madras
VOTV Trivandrum
VABB Mumbai
VAAH Ahmadabad
VIJP Jaipur
VILK Lucknow
VANP Nagpur
VRMM Male INTL
OPKC Karachi INTL
OMFJ Fujeirah
OMDB Dubai
OMSJ Sharjah INTL
OMAA Abu Dhabi INTL
OBBI Bahrain
AUSTRALIA
Malawi - Mauritius - South Africa - Zambia - Zimbabwe

81606
FIMP Mauritius / Plaisance
FMEE Saint Denis / Gillot
FLLS Lusaka INTL
FWKI Lilongwe / Kamuzu INTL
FAJS Johannesburg / Jan Smuts
FVHA Harare
FAWK Waterkloof
FABL Bloemfontein
FADN Durban
YPCC Cocos Island
Hawaii - USA
81607
PHNL Honolulu INTL
PHLI Lihue
PHOG Kahului
PHTO Hilo / General Lyman Field
PHNA Barbers Point Nas / John Rodgers Field
PKMJ Marshall Inslands
PJON Johnston Island
KLAX Los Angeles INTL
KONT Ontario INTL
KPMD Palmdale USAF
KSAN San Diego INTL / Lindbergh
KLAS Las Vegas / McCarran INTL
KOAK Oakland
KSFO San Francisco INTL
KSMF Sacramento
AUSTRALIA
Hawaii - USA
81607
KSCK Stockton
KFAT Fresno
Papua New Guinea - Southwest Pacific

81608
NWWW Noumea / Tontouta
NFFN Nadi
NFNA Nausor
NFTF Tongatapu / Fua'amotu
NSTU Pago Pago
NVVV Port Vila / Bauefield
NCRG Avarua / Raratonga
NTAA Tahiti / FAAA
NTTG Rangiroa
NTTO Hao
NSFA Faleolo
ANAU Nauru
AGGH Honiara
AGGM Munda
AGGN Gizo
AYPY Port Moresby
AYNZ Nadzab
AYMD Madang
AYMH Mount Hagen
NGTA Tarawa / Bonriki INTL
PTRO Babelthuap / Koror
PKMJ Majuro
YLHI Lord Howe Island
YSNF Norfolk Island
AUSTRALIA
Indonesia - Papua New Guinea

81609
WAAA Ujung Pandang/Hasasuddin
WAMM Manado
WAMP Poso
WAJJ Jayapura
WAPP Ambon
WABB Biak/Frans Kaisiepo
WATT Kupang/Eltari
WIII Jakarta/Soekarno Hatta
WIIH Jakarta/Halim Perdanakusumo
WARR Surabaya/Juanda
WADD Bali International /Ngurah Rai
AYBK Buka
AYDU Daru
AYGA Goroka
AYKI Kiunga
AYMD Madang
AYMH Mount Hagen
AYMS Misima
AYNZ Nadzab
AYPY Port Moresby
AYTB Tabubil
AYTK Tokua
HAWAII
VOLMET BROADCASTS IN PLAIN LANGUAGE -- HAWAII
RADIOTELEPHONY
BROADCAST
STA- CALL FREQS TIMES FORM BROADCAST
TION SIGN (kHz)
PERIOD H+
Honolulu Honolulu 2863 SSB H24 00-05 Aerodrome Honolulu, Hilo, Guam
Radio 6679 SSB 30-35 Forecasts
8828 SSB SIGMET Oakland FIR
13282 SSB Hourly Re- Honolulu, Hilo, Kahului,
ports Guam
05-10 Hourly Re- San Francisco, Seattle,
35-40 ports Los Angeles, Portland,
Sacramento, Ontario, Las
Vegas
SIGMET Oakland FIR
Aerodrome San Francisco, Seattle,
Forecasts Los Angeles
25-30 Hourly Re- Anchorage, Elmendorf
55-60 ports AFB, Fairbanks, Cold Bay,
King Salmon, Vancouver
SIGMET Oakland FIR
Aerodrome Anchorage, Fairbanks,
Forecasts Cold Bay, Vancouver
HAWAII
AVAILABILITY OF VOLMET BROADCASTS -- HAWAII
RADIOTELEPHONY

Anchorage Honolulu
Cold Bay Honolulu
Elmendorf AFB Honolulu
Fairbanks Honolulu
Guam Honolulu
Hilo Honolulu
Honolulu Honolulu
Kahului Honolulu
King Salmon Honolulu
Las Vegas Honolulu
Los Angeles Honolulu
Ontario Honolulu
Portland Honolulu
Sacramento Honolulu
San Francisco Honolulu
Seattle Honolulu
Vancouver Honolulu
Meteorology
Meteorology Data - Far East

METEOROLOGY DATA - FAR EAST 566
FAR EAST
AVAILABILITY OF VOLMET BROADCAST


Bangkok Bangkok
Brunei Singapore
Chiang Mai Bangkok
Den Pasar Singapore
Fukuoka Tokyo
Guangzhou/Baiyun Hong Kong
Hanoi Bangkok
Ho Chi Minh Bangkok
Hong Kong Hong Kong
Kuala Lumpur Bangkok, Singapore
Kuching Singapore
Macau Hong Kong
Mactan Hong Kong
Manila Hong Kong
(Intl)
Nagoya Tokyo
Naha Hong Kong
Penang Singapore
Phnom Penh Bangkok
Phuket Bangkok
Rayong Bangkok
(U-Taphao)
Sapporo Tokyo
(New Chitose)
Seoul/Incheon (Incheon Intl) Tokyo
Shenzhen Hong Kong
FAR EAST

Singapore Singapore
Songkhla/Hat Yai Bangkok
Subang Singapore
Taiwan Taipei
(Chiang Kai Shek Intl)
(Kaohsiung Intl)
Tokyo Tokyo
(Intl)
(New Tokyo Intl)
(Kansai Intl)
Vientiane Bangkok
Yangon Bangkok
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Bangkok Bangkok 11387 SSB 2310-1145 10-15 SIGMET1
Radio 6676 SSB H24 Bangkok Intl
MET Report/
2965 SSB 1210-2245 Special
Yangon (Intl),
Hanoi (Noibai),
Chiang Mai,
Rayong (U-Ta-
MET Report 1 phao), Phuket,
Songkhla (Hat
Yai), Ho Chi Minh,
Phnom Penh,
Vientiane
Aerodrome
Bangkok Intl
Forecast2
40-45 SIGMET1
MET Report/ Bangkok Intl
Special
FAR EAST
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Yangon (Intl),
Hanoi (Noibai),
Chiang Mai,
Rayong (U-Ta-
MET Report 1 phao), Phuket,
Songkhla (Hat
Yai), Ho Chi Minh,
Phnom Penh,
Vientiane
Aerodrome
Bangkok Intl
Forecast2
NOTE:
– 1 As available.
Hong Kong Hong Kong 128.875 MHz Continuous H24 MET Report/
Shenzhen
Special3
MET Report/
Special & Macau, Taipei,
TREND Fore- Gaoxiong
cast3
2863 SSB4 H24 15-20 MET Report/ Hong Kong Intl,
& Special & Guangzhou/
6679 SSB
45-50 TREND Fore- Baiyun, Taipei
8828 SSB cast3 Intl, Gaoxiong,
13282 SSB Manila Intl, Mac-
tan
MET Report/
Naha
Special3
Aerodrome
Hong Kong (Intl)
Forecast
FAR EAST
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
1 SIGMET information is prepared by the Meteorological Watch Office whenever any of the fol-
lowing phenomena are occurring or are expected to occur within the Hong Kong FIR: Active
thunderstorms, severe line squall, severe turbulence, marked mountain waves, tropical cyclone,
heavy hail, severe icing, widespread sandstorm/duststorm (unlikely to be used). Tropical cyclo-
nes will be mentioned whenever they are centered within the area 10N to 30N, 105E to 125E
even though this area extends beyond the Hong Kong FIR. The requirement to issue SIGMET
information regarding active thunderstorms refers to the occurrence or expected occurrence of
an area of widespread cumulonimbus clouds (Cb) or Cb along a line with little or no space be-
tween individual clouds, or to Cb embedded in cloud layers or concealed by haze. It does not
refer to isolated or scattered Cb not embedded in cloud layers or concealed by haze.
2 In VHHH MET Reports and Forecasts, wind information refers to the SE anemometer and the
visibility refers to that observed from the Meteorological Office on the 4th floor of the Airport Ter-
minal Building.
3 All reports are the latest available. However, if the latest available report would be more than
two hours old at broadcast time, it is not transmitted.
4 Broadcast on 2863 kHz is to be implemented when operationally required.
(Changi) Radio (1230 - 2230) METAR /
Singapore
11387 SSB SPECI2
(2230 - 1230) Kuala Lumpur3 ,
Soekarno-Hatta3 ,
Kuching3 , Bru-
METAR4 nei3 , Kota Kina-
balu3 , Den Pa-
sar3 , Penang3 ,
Subang
Singapore5 , Kua-
TAF4
la Lumpur5
METAR /
Singapore6
SPECI
FAR EAST
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Kuala Lumpur7 ,
Soekarno-Hatta7 ,
Kuching7 , Bru-
METAR4 nei7 , Kota Kina-
balu7 , Den Pa-
sar7 , Penang7 ,
Subang
Singapore5 , Soe-
TAF4
karno-Hatta5
NOTE:
– 4 As available.
when appended.
Taipei 124.4 MHz Continuous METAR Chaing Kai Shek
Repetitive SPECI Intl
TAF Kaohsiung Intl
ATC Radio When traffic per- SIGMET Taipei FIR
Channels mits
Taipei D- SITA’s METAR Chaing Kai Shek
VOLMET Aircom SPECI Intl
network TAF Kaohsiung Intl
SIGMET Taipei FIR

AIRMET
FAR EAST
BROADCAST
CALL TIMES
SIGN
PERIOD H+
Tokyo Tokyo 2863 SSB H24 10-15 METAR & Narita Intl, Kansai
6679 SSB & TREND Intl, Chubu Cen-
40-45 trair Intl, Incheon
8828 SSB
METAR Tokyo Intl, New
13282 SSB
Chitose
TAF Narita Intl, Kansai
Intl
JAPAN
AERONAUTICAL ENROUTE INFORMATION SERVICE

Aeronautical Enroute Information Service (hereinafter referred to as AEIS) is a service to support
aircraft in-flight (other than those arriving at and departing from airports), by providing them with
the information essential to safety of flights, by handling reports from aircraft on the meteorologi-
cal condition, etc., and by conducting other communication necessary for safety of flights.
Information to be provided includes:
a. Meteorological Information: SIGMET, ARMAD, METAR, FCST and TREND, SPECI, Weather
Radar Echo, other necessary information.
b. NOTAM: NOTAMs including S/I condition issued in preceding 10 hours (5 hours for Broad-
cast) and become effective within 10 hours (5 hours for Broadcast) from time of the issu-
ance.
c. PIREP (Pilot Report): The reports on meteorological conditions etc., received from aircraft in-
flight in the preceding two (2) hours.
d. Other necessary information.
This service will be available in the Tokyo and Fukuoka ACC and will operate with the following
station identifications and frequencies.
Air-Ground NEW CHITOSE INFORMA- Kushiro 135.1 MHz

TION
Obihiro 135.6 MHz
Okadama 134.75 MHz
Yokotsudake 127.1 MHz
Asahikawa 124.15 MHz
Air-Ground SENDAI INFORMATION Akita 134.6 MHz
Jobonzan 135.8 MHz
Niigata 135.3 MHz
Air-Ground TOKYO INFORMATION Nasu 135.65 MHz
Kumagaya 135.75 MHz
Narita 134.8 MHz
Matsumoto 134.85 MHz
Hakone 134.7 MHz
Yamanashi 127.15 MHz
Air-Ground CHUBU INFORMATION Komatsu 135.05 MHz
Mikawa 135.5 MHz
JAPAN
Air-Ground OSAKA INFORMATION Nikunisan 135.6 MHz

Kushimoto 126.75 MHz
Miho 134.75 MHz
Air-Ground FUKUOKA INFORMATION Iwakuni 126.7 MHz
Shimizu 135.1 MHz
Sangunzan 126.95 MHz
Fukue 134.65 MHz
Air-Ground KAGOSHIMA INFORMATION Kaseda 135.8 MHz
Amani 134.8 MHz
Air-Ground NAHA INFORMATION Yaedake 127.1 MHz
Miyako 134.75 MHz
Check NOTAMs for more complete details on this service.
JAPAN
a. Echo-area is expressed in relation to the name of airport, notable location etc.

b. Echo-intensity is usually provided with 3 steps. (5 steps on request)
c. Echo-top is observed on the hour only. And the maximum within about 50 km mesh is provi-
ded.
d. Echo does not show obstructions to vision such as fog, cloud without precipitation.
JAPAN
3 Steps
Echo-intensity (mm/HR) Rainfall intensity
WEAK 0—4
MODERATE 4 — 16
STRONG 16 —
NOTE: Each intensity means a rainfall intensity converted by per hour.
5 Steps (on request)

Echo-intensity (mm/HR) Rainfall intensity
VERY WEAK 0—1
WEAK 1—4
MODERATE 4 — 16
STRONG 16 — 64
VERY STRONG 64 —
NOTE: Each intensity means a rainfall intensity converted by per hour.
SNOW AND ICE CONDITION ON AERODROME

Information concerning Snow and Ice conditions distributed by domestic NOTAM will apply the
following marks.
RWY condition with snow fall (A area: the first one third of small numbered RWY)
Mean depth of Class of snow Braking action ob- Percentage of
snow tained by measuring snow/ice coverage
equipment
A1 Clear B1 Dry snow C1 Good µ = 0.40 D1 Portion cov-
or more ered with
Snow/Ice less
than 20%
A2 Less than B2 Wet snow C2 Medium to good D2 Snow/Ice less
80mm µ = 0.36 or than 40%
more
A3 Less than B3 Slush C3 Medium µ = D3 Snow/Ice less
100mm 0.30 or more than 60%
A4 Less than B4 Compacted C4 Medium to poor D4 Snow/Ice less
150mm snow µ = 0.26 or than 80%
more
JAPAN
RWY condition with snow fall (A area: the first one third of small numbered RWY) (contin-
ued)
equipment
A5 Less than B5 Ice C5 Poor µ = 0.20 D5 80% or more
200mm or more
A6 200mm or B6 — C6 Very poor µ = D6 100%
more less than 0.20
RWY condition with snow fall (B area: the middle one third of RWY)
equipment
E1 Clear F1 Dry snow G1 Good µ = 0.40 H1 Portion cov-
or more ered with
Snow/Ice less
than 20%
E2 Less than F2 Wet snow G2 Medium to good H2 Snow/Ice less
80mm µ = 0.36 or than 40%
more
E3 Less than F3 Slush G3 Medium µ = H3 Snow/Ice less
E4 Less than F4 Compacted G4 Medium to poor H4 Snow/Ice less
more
E5 Less than F5 Ice G5 Poor µ = 0.20 H5 80% or more
200mm or more
E6 200mm or F6 — G6 Very poor µ = H6 100%
more less than 0.20
JAPAN
RWY condition with snow fall (C area: the first one third of large numbered RWY)
equipment
I1 Clear J1 Dry snow K1 Good µ = 0.40 L1 Portion cov-
or more ered with
Snow/Ice less
than 20%
I2 Less than J2 Wet snow K2 Medium to good L2 Snow/Ice less
80mm µ = 0.36 or than 40%
more
I3 Less than J3 Slush K3 Medium µ = L3 Snow/Ice less
I4 Less than J4 Compacted K4 Medium to poor L4 Snow/Ice less
more
I5 Less than J5 Ice K5 Poor µ = 0.20 L5 80% or more
200mm or more
I6 200mm or J6 — K6 Very poor µ = L6 100%
more less than 0.20
Condition of RWY surface

A area B area C area
M1 Snow drifted N1 Snow drifted O1 Snow drifted
M2 Surface even N2 Surface even O2 Surface even
M3 Surface rough N3 Surface rough O3 Surface rough
M4 Partially covered N4 Partially covered O4 Partially covered with
with frozen snow with frozen snow frozen snow
M5 Frozen surface N5 Frozen surface par- O5 Frozen surface parti-
partially covered tially covered with ally covered with
with snow snow snow
M6 Frozen surface N6 Frozen surface cov- O6 Frozen surface cov-
covered with wa- ered with water ered with water
ter
JAPAN
Condition of snow bank along RWY

Height Clearance
P1 No snow bank Q1 Snow banks located apart
85m or more
P2 Height of snow bank less than 0.5m Q2 apart 70m or more
P3 Less than 1.0m Q3 apart 55m or more
P6 4.0m or more Q6 apart less than 30m
Braking action obtained by measuring equipment

Apron
R1 Good µ = 0.40 or more
R2 Medium to good µ = 0.36 or more
R3 Medium µ = 0.30 or more
R4 Medium to poor µ = 0.26 or more
R5 Poor µ = 0.20 or more
R6 Very poor µ = less than 0.20
Progress of snow removal

TWY/Apron Overrun/Shoulder RWY lights TWY lights
S1 TWY: Finished T1 Overrun: Finished U1 All clear of snow V1 All clear of
snow
S2 : partially unfin- T2 : partially unfinish- U2 Less than 50% V2 Less than 50%
ished ed covered with covered with
snow snow
S3 Apron: Finish- T3 Shoulder: Finish- U3 50% or more V3 50% or more
ed ed covered with covered with
snow snow
S4 : partially unfin- T4 : partially unfinish- U4 All covered with V4 All covered
ished ed snow with snow
JAPAN
General forecast (3 hours later)

W1 Generally improved condition expected
W2 Change not expected
W3 Melting expected due to rising temperature
W4 Freezing expected due to falling temperature
W5 Condition slightly deteriorating, but operation will not be affected
W6 Generally deteriorating condition expected
W7 Unable to forecast
RMKS
1) Depth of snow (for less than 80mm mean snow depth on runway):
A area.... mm, B area..... mm, C area... mm,
2) Each taxiway braking action:
3) Others
NOTE 1: Classification of snow.

a. Dry snow: Normal snow which is dry or not so watery. (Excluding those in (2) to (4) below).
b. Wet snow: Snow which is rather watery and oozes out water if compacted by gloved hand.
c. Slush: Water saturated snow which with a heel and toe slap down motion against the ground
will be displaced with a splash.
d. Compacted Snow: Snow which has been compressed and hardened by snow removal
equipment or such others.
NOTE 2: Less than 80mm mean snow depth on area A, B, and C of runway will be given in milli-
meters in the remarks column.
NOTE 3: Taxiway Braking Action will be given for each taxiway, applying the Runway Braking
Action grading (1-6).
NOTE 4: Measured coefficient for each third of runway will be given by two digits. If the braking
action is GOOD, the figure 95 will be used.
e.g. 36/30/95 — The measured coefficient on the first one third is 0.36, the second one third is
0.30 and the braking action on the last one third is GOOD.
NOTE 5: Information on braking action shown as obtained by measuring equipment will be those
obtained by Tapley Meter unless other type of equipment utilized is indicated in the Remarks
column.
Measuring equipment to be used other than Tapley Meter will be SAAB TYPE CONTINUOUS
MEASURING DEVICE.
JAPAN
NOTE 6: Braking Action will not be obtained by measuring equipment for slush.
NOTE 7: Braking Action will not be obtained by Saab Type Continuous Measuring Device for
more than 70mm mean snow depth.
Tables and Codes
Tables and Codes
Tables and Codes - Australia

TABLES AND CODES - AUSTRALIA 583
AUSTRALIA
GENERAL
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Units of measurement to be used in airways operations and air-ground communications are:
Measurement of Units
Distances used in navigation (generally in excess of 2 Nautical miles and tenths1
NM)
Short distances Meters
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet
Horizontal speed, including wind speed Knots
Vertical speed Feet per minute
Wind direction for runway operations Degrees magnetic
Wind direction, except for runway operations Degrees true
Visibility, including runway visual range Kilometers or meters
Altimeter setting Hectopascals
Temperature Degrees Celsius
Weight (Mass) Metric Tons or kilograms
Time Hours and minutes
1 Miles must be read as meaning nautical miles unless otherwise stated. The word "nautical"
may be omitted from air-ground communications.
An aircraft which is temporarily unable to use these units shall advise and request the ground sta-
tion to transmit in units usable by the aircraft.
GEODETIC REFERENCE DATUM

All published geographical coordinates are expressed in terms of the World Geodetic System
1984 (WGS-84). Most coordinates have been surveyed; however, those coordinates that have
been mathematically derived are indicated by an asterisk.
PUBLIC HOLIDAYS
NATIONAL
New Year’s Day 1 January

Australia Day 26 January
Good Friday Friday before Easter
Easter Monday Monday after Easter Sunday
AUSTRALIA
GENERAL
Anzac Day 25 April

Queen’s Birthday Usually second Monday in June (except WA)
Christmas Day 25 December
Boxing Day 26 December
Some services may be affected on public holidays. Operators should check NOTAM and/or con-
tact the relevant aerodrome owner/operator.
AUSTRALIA
CONVERSION FACTORS
TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY
Celsius Fahrenheit 1.8 and add 32
Centimeters Inches 0.394
Feet Meters 0.3048
Fahrenheit Celsius Subtract 32 & Multiply by 0.555
Imp. Gallons US Gallons 1.200
Imp. Gallons Liters 4.546
Inches Centimeters 2.540
Kilograms Pounds 2.2046
Kilometers Nautical Miles 0.539
Kilometers Statute Miles 0.621
Kilopascals Pounds per Square Inch 0.145
Liters Imp. Gallons 0.220
Liters US Gallons 0.264
Meters Feet 3.281
Meters Yards 1.094
Pounds Kilograms 0.4536
Pounds Per Square Inch Kilopascals 6.895
Nautical Miles Kilometers 1.852
Nautical Miles Meters 1852
Nautical Miles Statute Miles 1.151
Statute Miles Kilometers 1.609
Statute Miles Nautical Miles 0.868
US Gallons Imp Gallons 0.833
US Gallons Liters 3.79
Yards Meters 0.914
TIME SYSTEM
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used for civil aviation.
AUSTRALIA
Date and time is indicated in a combination of the date and time in a single six figure group. How-
ever, a 10 figure group comprising the year, month, date, hours and minutes is used for NOTAM
and AIP supplements. This is reduced to an eight figure group (nil year) for SPFIB.
LOCAL TIME
Local time in Australia falls into three separate zones:
– Eastern Standard Time (EST), UTC + 10 hours;
– Central Standard Time (CST), UTC + 9 1/2 hours; and
– Western Standard Time (WST), UTC + 8 hours.
These times apply as follows:
a. EST is used in the States of New South Wales (except the Broken Hill area), Queensland,
Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory;
b. CST is used in the State of South Australia, the Northern Territory and the Broken Hill area;
and
c. WST is used in the State of Western Australia.
However, certain States introduce local Summer Time each year between October of that year
and March of the succeeding year, which adds an additional hour to the local time applicable in
that State.
NOTAM or AIP Supplements will be issued detailing revised hours of operation for those aero-
nautical facilities affected by local time changes during periods of State Summer Time and which
do not have such hours promulgated.
DAYLIGHT AND DARKNESS GRAPHS

“Night” is that period between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil
twilight. For all intents and purposes, first light should be construed as the beginning of civil twi-
light, and last light as the end of civil twilight. The terms “sunrise” and “sunset” have no relevance
when calculating daylight operating times for the VFR pilot.
To compute the beginning or end of daylight using the graphs contained in this section:
a. enter the top or bottom of the scale at the appropriate date;
b. move vertically up or down to the curve for the latitude of the place concerned (interpolating
for intermediate latitudes if necessary);
c. move horizontally to the left or right and read local mean time (LMT) on the vertical scale at
the side;
d. to convert to UTC, subtract (in East longitudes) from the LMT obtained, the time increment
corresponding to the longitude of the place concerned in the “Conversion of Arc to Time”
table;
e. to convert to EST, add 10 hours to UTC;
AUSTRALIA
f. to convert to CST, add 9 1/2 hours to UTC;

g. to convert to WST, add 8 hours to UTC.
EXAMPLE: Determine the end of daylight at Echuca (S36° 09' E144° 46') on the 20th of Novem-
ber.
Using the graph, enter at 20 November at the top of the page and follow downwards to latitude
36° (by interpolation), then horizontally to the left and read off LMT = 1919. To convert to UTC,
enter the “Conversion of Arc to Time” table at longitude 144° (9 hours 36 minutes). Add the incre-
ment corresponding to 46 minutes in the right hand column;
= 3' 04" + 0936 = 0939.
Subtract this from the LMT found; 1919 -0939 = 0940 UTC. To find EST add 10 hours to UTC =
1940 EST.
It should be noted that the parameters used in compiling the Daylight and Darkness Graphs do
not include the nature of the terrain surrounding a location or the presence of other than a cloud-
less sky and unlimited visibility at that location. Consequently, the presence of cloud cover, poor
visibility or high terrain to the west of an aerodrome will cause daylight to end at a time earlier
than that extracted from the appropriate graph. Allowance should be made for these factors when
planning a flight having an ETA near the end of daylight.
NAIPS automatically computes first and last light. This information can be provided through pilot
access, as part of a telephone briefing, or from FLIGHTWATCH.
AUSTRALIA
CONVERSION OF ARC TO TIME

LONGITUDE
DEGREES MINUTES
Long. Time Long. Time Long. Time Long. Time
Deg. Hours Mins. Deg. Hours Mins. Mins. Mins. Secs. Mins. Mins. Sec.
110 7 20 140 9 20 0 0 00 30 2 00
111 7 24 141 9 24 1 0 04 31 2 04
112 7 28 142 9 28 2 0 08 32 2 08
113 7 32 143 9 32 3 0 12 33 2 12
114 7 36 144 9 36 4 0 16 34 2 16
115 7 40 145 9 40 5 0 20 35 2 20
116 7 44 146 9 44 6 0 24 36 2 24
117 7 48 147 9 48 7 0 28 37 2 28
118 7 52 148 9 52 8 0 32 38 2 32
119 7 56 149 9 56 9 0 36 39 2 36
120 8 00 150 10 00 10 0 40 40 2 40
121 8 04 151 10 04 11 0 44 41 2 44
122 8 08 152 10 08 12 0 48 42 2 48
123 8 12 153 10 12 13 0 52 43 2 52
124 8 16 154 10 16 14 0 56 44 2 56
125 8 20 155 10 20 15 1 00 45 3 00
126 8 24 156 10 24 16 1 04 46 3 04
127 8 28 157 10 28 17 1 08 47 3 08
128 8 32 158 10 32 18 1 12 48 3 12
129 8 36 159 10 36 19 1 16 49 3 16
130 8 40 20 1 20 50 3 20
131 8 44 21 1 24 51 3 24
132 8 48 22 1 28 52 3 28
133 8 52 23 1 32 53 3 32
134 8 56 24 1 36 54 3 36
135 9 00 25 1 40 55 3 40
136 9 04 26 1 44 56 3 44
137 9 08 27 1 48 57 3 48
AUSTRALIA
LONGITUDE
DEGREES MINUTES
Long. Time Long. Time Long. Time Long. Time
Deg. Hours Mins. Deg. Hours Mins. Mins. Mins. Secs. Mins. Mins. Sec.
138 9 12 28 1 52 58 3 52
139 9 16 29 1 56 59 3 56
AUSTRALIA
BEGINNING OF DAYLIGHT
AUSTRALIA
BEGINNING OF DAYLIGHT
AUSTRALIA
END OF DAYLIGHT
AUSTRALIA
END OF DAYLIGHT
Air Traffic Control
Air Traffic Control
State Rules and Procedures -

Australia
STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - AUSTRALIA 596
AUSTRALIA
and Abbreviations sections in the Emergency, Meteorology and Terminal chapters of this
manual.
1 DEFINITIONS
ADS-C AGREEMENT — A reporting plan which establishes the conditions of ADS-C data report-
ing (i.e. data required by the air traffic services unit and frequency of ADS-C reports which have to
be agreed to prior to the provision of air traffic services).
AERODROME — A defined area of land or water (including any buildings, installations and equip-
ment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and movement of air-
craft.
AERODROME BEACON — An aeronautical beacon used to indicate the location of an aero-
drome from the air.
AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE — ATC service for aerodrome traffic.
AERODROME CONTROL TOWER — A unit established to provide ATC service to aerodrome
traffic.
AERODROME PROPRIETOR — Any Owner, Licensee, Authority, Corporation, or any other body
which has a legal responsibility for a particular aerodrome.
AERODROME TRAFFIC — All traffic on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome, and all aircraft
flying in, entering, or leaving the traffic circuit.
AERODROME TRAFFIC CIRCUIT — The specified path to be flown by aircraft flying in, entering,
or leaving the traffic circuit.
NOTE: At a controlled aerodrome, an aircraft is in the traffic circuit when it is within the CTR and
established on a leg of the circuit.
AERONAUTICAL BEACON — An aeronautical ground light visible at all azimuths, either continu-
ously or intermittently, to designate a particular point on the surface of the earth.
AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION CIRCULAR (AIC) — A notice containing information that does
not qualify for the origination of a NOTAM, or for inclusion in the AIP, but which relates to flight
safety, air navigation, technical, administrative or legislative matters.
AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION (AIP) — A publication issued by or with the
authority of a state and containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air
navigation.
AIP SUPPLEMENT (SUP) — Temporary changes to the information contained in the AIP which
are published by means of special pages.
AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION — An identification of up to 7 alpha-numeric characters used to
identify the aircraft in flight notifications and in Mode S transponders/ADS-B transmitters.
AUSTRALIA
NOTE: The Aircraft Identification entered into the Mode S Transponder, or ADS–B Transmitter,
must match the Aircraft Identification entered into Item 7 of the Flight Notification or, when no
flight notification has been filed, the aircraft registration. Hyphens or symbols may not be used
within the identification.
AIRCRAFT PARKING POSITION TAXILANE — A portion of an apron designated as a taxiway
and intended to provide access to aircraft parking positions only.
AIR-GROUND COMMUNICATIONS — Two-way communications between aircraft and stations
on the surface of the earth.
AIRSPACE RELEASE — A defined volume of airspace normally under the jurisdiction of one
controlling authority that is temporarily released, by common agreement, for exclusive use of
another.
AIR TAXIING — Movement of a helicopter / VTOL above the surface of an aerodrome at low
ground speed and at heights normally associated with ground effect.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCE — Authorization for an aircraft to proceed under condi-
tions specified by an Air Traffic Control unit.
NOTE: For convenience, the term “Air Traffic Control Clearance” is frequently abbreviated to
“Clearance” when used in appropriate context.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS — Directives issued by air traffic control for the pur-
pose of requiring a pilot to take a specific action.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICE — A service provided for the purpose of:
a. preventing collisions:
1. between aircraft; and
2. on the maneuvering area between aircraft and obstructions; and
b. expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic.
AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE (ATS) — A generic term meaning variously, flight information service,
alerting service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service,
approach control service, or aerodrome control service).
AIR TRANSIT — The airborne movement of a helicopter that is:
a. for the expeditious transit from one place within an aerodrome to another place within the
aerodrome;
b. at or below 100 ft above the surface; and
c. at speeds greater than those used in air taxiing.
AIRWAYS CLEARANCE — A clearance, issued by ATC, to operate in controlled airspace along
a designated track or route at a specified level to a specified point or flight planned destination.
AUSTRALIA
ALTERNATE AERODROME — An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it

becomes either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or land at the aerodrome of intended
landing.
ALTIMETER SETTING — A pressure datum which when set on the sub-scale of a sensitive
altimeter causes the altimeter to indicate vertical displacement from that datum. A pressure-type
altimeter calibrated in accordance with Standard Atmosphere may be used to indicate altitude,
height or flight levels, as follows:
a. when set to QNH or Area QNH it will indicate altitude;
b. when set to Standard Pressure (1013.2 hPa) it may be used to indicate flight levels.
ALTIMETER SETTING REGION — Airspace 10,000 ft and below where the sub-scale of a pres-
sure sensitive altimeter is set to QNH or Area QNH.
APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE — ATC service for arriving or departing flights.
APPROACH SEQUENCE — The order in which two or more aircraft are cleared to approach to
land at the aerodrome.
APRON — A defined area on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for the purpo-
ses of loading or unloading passengers, mail, cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.
APRON SERVICE — A traffic regulatory and information service provided to aircraft using the
apron area of an aerodrome.
APRON TAXIWAY — A portion of a taxiway system located on an apron and intended to provide
a through taxi route across the apron.
AREA CONTROL SERVICE — Air Traffic Control service for controlled flights in control areas.
AREA NAVIGATION — A method of navigation which permits aircraft operation on any desired
flight path within the coverage of ground or space-based navigation aids, or within the limits of the
capability of self-contained aids, or a combination of these.
AREA NAVIGATION ROUTE — An ATS route established for the use of aircraft capable of
employing area navigation.
ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICE — Term used to indicate an air traffic service provided directly
by means of an ATS surveillance system.
ATS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM — A generic term meaning variously, ADS-B, PSR, SSR or any
comparable ground-based system that enables the identification of aircraft.
NOTE: A comparable ground-based system is one that has been demonstrated, by comparative
assessment or other methodology, to have a level of safety and performance equal to, or better
than, monopulse SSR.
AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE–BROADCAST (ADS-B) — A means by which air-
craft, aerodrome vehicles and other objects can automatically transmit or receive data such as
identification, position and additional data, as appropriate, in a broadcast mode via a data link.
AUSTRALIA
AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE–CONTRACT (ADS-C) — A means by which the

terms of an ADS-C agreement will be exchanged between the ground system and the aircraft, via
a data link, specifying under what conditions ADS-C reports would be initiated, and what data
would be contained in the reports.
AVIATION REFERENCE NUMBER (ARN) — A unique six-digit number used to identify a client
who conducts business with CASA. When CASA receives an application for a new license, certifi-
cate, or other service, an ARN is established and all subsequent transactions for the client are
recorded against that ARN. In addition to being a client number, the ARN may also be the license
or certificate number. The ARN should be quoted in all correspondence with CASA or with Airser-
vices Publications Unit.
BLANKET CLEARANCE — A pre-arranged clearance originated for specific activities or events
and specified in a letter of agreement.
BLIND TRANSMISSION — A transmission from one station to another station in circumstances
where two-way communication cannot be established, but where it is believed that the called sta-
tion is able to receive the transmission.
BLOCK LEVEL — A section of airspace with specified upper and lower limits on a specified
track, in which cleared aircraft are permitted to maneuver.
BREAK-OUT PROCEDURE — A procedure initiated on instruction from a Precision Runway
Monitor (PRM) controller upon which a pilot is required to discontinue an ILS approach and imme-
diately commence a turn of approximately 90° from the ILS course, climbing (or descending) as
instructed by ATC, in response to an aircraft deviating from the adjacent ILS course.
BROADCAST — A transmission of information relating to air navigation for which an acknowl-
edgement is not expected.
CENSAR — An automated centralized SARTIME database software package used by ATS to
manage SARTIMEs.
CENTER — A generic call sign which can include Air Traffic Control, Advisory, Flight Information
and Alerting services, depending on the classification of airspace in which the service is provided.
CERTIFIED AERODROME — A place that is certified as an aerodrome under the Civil Aviation
Safety Regulations.
CLEARANCE LIMIT — The point to which an aircraft is granted an air traffic control clearance.
CLEARANCE EXPIRY TIME — A time specified by an air traffic control unit at which a clearance
ceases to be valid.
CLEARWAY — A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appro-
priate authority, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a
portion of its initial climb to a specified height.
COLLOCATED (NAVIGATION) AIDS — Enroute waypoints or navigation aids that are within
600m of each other.
AUSTRALIA
COMMON TRAFFIC ADVISORY FREQUENCY (CTAF) — A designated frequency on which

pilots make positional broadcasts when operating in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome.
COMPANY OPERATIONS REPRESENTATIVE — The representative of an operating agency
who is authorized to act in the capacity of liaison officer between ATC and the operating agency
in respect of the control of an aircraft of that agency.
CONTROLLED AERODROME — An aerodrome at which air traffic control service is provided to
aerodrome traffic.
CONTROLLER — An air traffic controller, operating within an organization approved under CASR
Part 172 and qualified in accordance with CASR Part 65.
CONTROLLER PILOT DATA LINK COMMUNICATION (CPDLC) — A means of communication
between controller and pilot using data link for ATC communications.
CONTROLLING AUTHORITY — With respect to airspace classifications, this is the Air Traffic
Service provider for that area. With respect to PRD, this is the agency nominated to exercise the
conditions of entry specified for the area.
CRUISE CLIMB — An aeroplane cruising technique resulting in a net increase in altitude as the
aeroplane weight decreases.
CRUISING LEVEL — A level maintained during a significant portion of a flight.
DANGER AREA — An airspace of defined dimensions within or over which activities of potential
danger to aircraft flying over the area may exist.
DEAD RECKONING (DR) NAVIGATION — The estimating or determining of position by advanc-
ing an earlier known position by the application of direction, time and speed data.
DEFINED POINT AFTER TAKE-OFF (DPATO) — The point within the take-off and initial climb
phase before which the helicopter's ability to continue the flight safely, with one engine inopera-
tive, is not assured and a forced landing may be required.
DENSITY HEIGHT — An atmospheric density expressed in terms of height which corresponds to
that density in the Standard Atmosphere.
DEPENDENT PARALLEL APPROACHES — Simultaneous approaches to parallel instrument
runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway center-
lines are prescribed.
DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT — Equipment which measures in nautical miles, the slant
range of an aircraft from the selected DME ground station.
DOMESTIC FLIGHT — A flight between two points within Australia.
ELEVATION — The vertical distance of a point or a level, on or affixed to the surface of the earth,
measured from mean sea level.
EMERGENCY FUEL — The term used to describe a situation in which an aircraft will land with
less than planned fixed fuel reserve.
NOTE: This is a Distress condition.
AUSTRALIA
ESSENTIAL RADIO NAVIGATION SERVICE — A radio navigation service whose disruption has
a significant impact on operations in the affected airspace or aerodrome.
ESTIMATE — The time at which it is estimated that an aircraft will be over a position reporting
point or over the destination.
ESTIMATED ELAPSED TIME (EET) — The estimated time required to proceed from one signifi-
cant point to another.
ESTIMATED OFF BLOCK TIME — The estimated time at which the aircraft will commence
movement associated with departure.
ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL — For IFR flights, the time at which it is estimated that the air-
craft will arrive over that designated point, defined by reference to navigation aids, from which it is
intended that an instrument approach procedure will be commenced, or, if no navigation aid is
associated with the aerodrome, the time at which the aircraft will arrive over the aerodrome. For
VFR flights, the time at which it is estimated that the aircraft will arrive over the aerodrome.
EXPECTED APPROACH TIME (EAT) — The time at which ATC expects that an arriving aircraft,
following a delay, will leave the holding fix to complete its approach for landing.
NOTE: The holding fix referred to in the EAT is that shown on the instrument approach chart from
which the instrument approach is prescribed to commence.
FINAL LEG — The path of an aircraft in a straight line immediately preceding the landing (alight-
ing) of the aircraft.
FIX — A geographical position of an aircraft at a specific time determined by visual reference to
the surface, or by navigational aids.
FLIGHT FILE — A file stored on the NAIPS system which contains stored briefings, or a stored
flight notification. Flight files are owned by pilots and/or operators, and are updated at their
request.
FLIGHT FOLLOWING — The provision of an ongoing Surveillance Information Service (SIS).
FLIGHT INFORMATION — Information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flight, including
information on air traffic, meteorological conditions, aerodrome conditions and airways facilities.
FLIGHT INFORMATION AREA (FIA) — An airspace of defined dimensions, excluding controlled
airspace, within which flight information and SAR alerting services are provided by an ATS unit.
NOTE: FIAs may be sub-divided to permit the specified ATS unit to provide its services on a dis-
crete frequency or family of frequencies within particular areas.
FLIGHT INFORMATION CENTER (FIC) — A unit established to provide flight information service
and SAR alerting services.
FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION (FIR) — An airspace of defined dimensions within which flight
information service and SAR alerting service are provided.
FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE (FIS) — A service provided for the purpose of giving advice
and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
AUSTRALIA
FLIGHT LEVEL (FL) — A surface of constant atmospheric pressure which is related to a specific
pressure datum, 1013.2 hPa, and is separated from other such surfaces by specific pressure
intervals.
FLIGHT NOTE — Details of the route and timing of a proposed flight provided by the pilot-in-com-
mand of an aircraft, which is other than notification submitted to Airservices Australia and which is
required to be left with a person who could be expected to notify appropriate authorities in the
event that the flight becomes overdue.
FLIGHT NOTIFICATION (Within Australia FIR) — Specified information provided to air traffic
services units, relative to the intended flight or portion of flight of an aircraft.
FLIGHT PATH MONITORING — The use of ATS surveillance systems for the purpose of provid-
ing aircraft with information and advice relative to significant deviations from nominal flight path
including deviations from the terms of their air traffic control clearances.
NOTE: Some applications may require a specific technology e.g. radar, to support the function of
flight path monitoring.
FLIGHT PROCEDURE AUTHORISATION (FPA) — Authorisations which allow a pilot holding a
Private IFR rating to use additional types of navigation aids as well as night flying, instrument
approaches and instrument departures.
FORMATION — Two or more aircraft flown in close proximity to each other and operating as a
single aircraft with regard to navigation, position reporting and control.
NOTE: Refer to CAR 163AA for conditions under which formation flight may be undertaken.
GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS) — A satellite-based radio navigation
system that uses signals from orbiting satellites to determine precise position and time.
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) — A GNSS constellation operated by the United States
Government.
GROUND BASED NAVIGATION AID — Means NDB, VOR, DME.
GROUND TAXIING — The movement of a helicopter under its own power and on its undercar-
riage wheels.
GROUND VISIBILITY — The visibility at an aerodrome, as reported by an accredited observer.
HEADING (HDG) — The direction in which the longitudinal axis of an aircraft is pointed, usually
expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic, compass or grid).
HEIGHT — The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point measured
from a specified datum.
HELICOPTER ACCESS CORRIDOR — A corridor wholly within controlled airspace designed for
the exclusive use of helicopters in VMC. The extent and alignment of the corridor is related to and
delineated by prominent geographical / topographical features.
HELICOPTER LANDING SITE (HLS) — A place that is used as an aerodrome for the purposes
of the landing and taking-off of helicopters.
AUSTRALIA
HELICOPTER LANE — A lane, outside controlled airspace, designed for use by helicopters to
facilitate traffic flow.
HELICOPTER MOVEMENT AREA — The movement area for helicopters is that part of an aero-
drome that can safely be used for the hovering, taxiing, take-off and landing of helicopters and
consists of the maneuvering area and aprons, but excluding those areas reserved for unrestricted
use by the general public.
HIGH CAPACITY AIRCRAFT — An aircraft that is certified as having a maximum seating
capacity exceeding 38 seats or a maximum payload exceeding 4200kg.
HOLD SHORT LINE / LIGHTS — A line marked across a runway, with associated light, in
accordance with the requirements of Airports and Ground Aids (ATC 300 Series), at which land-
ing aircraft must stop when required during Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO).
HOLDING BAY — An defined area where aircraft can be held, or bypassed, to facilitate efficient
surface movement of aircraft.
HOLDING FIX — A specified location identified by visual or other means in the vicinity of which
the position of an aircraft in flight is maintained in accordance with ATC instructions.
HOSPITAL AIRCRAFT — (see Medical Flight).
HOT SPOT — A location on an aerodrome movement area with a history or potential risk of colli-
sion or runway incursion, and where heightened attention by pilots/drivers is necessary.
IFR PICKUP — A pilot procedure whereby a flight operating to the IFR in Class “G” airspace
changes to VFR upon entering Class “E” airspace whilst awaiting an airways clearance.
INDEPENDENT PARALLEL APPROACHES — Simultaneous approaches to parallel or near-
parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent exten-
ded runway centerlines are not prescribed. The two types of independent approaches are:
a. Independent Visual Approaches – during which a pilot is responsible for separation from the
aircraft on the other approach; and
b. ILS PRM Approaches – during which separation between aircraft on adjacent ILS courses is
maintained using PRM.
INDEPENDENT PARALLEL DEPARTURES — Simultaneous departures in the same direction
from parallel or near-parallel runways.
INERTIAL NAVIGATION / REFERENCE SYSTEM (INS / IRS) — A self-contained navigation
system that continually measures the accelerations acting upon the vehicle of which it is part.
Suitably integrated, these forces provide velocity and thence position information.
INITIAL APPROACH FIX (IAF) — The fix at the commencement of an instrument approach.
INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT — That segment of an instrument approach procedure between
the initial approach fix and the intermediate approach fix or, where applicable, the final approach
fix or point.
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INSTRUMENT APPROACH AND LANDING OPERATIONS — Instrument approach and landing

operations are classified as follows:
a. Non-Precision Approach and Landing Operations: Instrument approaches and landings
which utilize lateral guidance but do not utilize vertical guidance.
b. Approach and Landing Operations with Vertical Guidance: Instrument approaches and
landings which utilize lateral and vertical guidance but do not meet the requirements estab-
lished for precision approach and landing operations.
c. Precision Approach and Landing Operations: Instrument approaches and landings using
precision azimuth and glide path guidance with minima as determined by the category of
operation. Categories of Precision Approach and Landing Operations are:
1. Category I (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a deci-
sion height not lower than 200 ft and either a visibility not less than 800m or a runway
visual range not less than 550m.
2. Category II (CAT II) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a deci-
sion height lower than 200 ft but not lower than 100 ft, and a runway visual range not
less than 300m.
3. Category IIIA (CAT IIIA) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a
decision height lower than 100 ft, or no decision height, and a runway visual range not
less than 175m.
4. Category IIIB (CAT IIIB) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a
decision height lower than 50 ft, or no decision height, and a runway visual range less
than 175m but not less than 50m.
5. Category IIIC (CAT IIIC) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with no
decision height no runway visual range limitations.
INSTRUMENT RUNWAY — One of the following types of runways intended for the operation of
aircraft using instrument approach procedures:
a. Non-Precision Approach Runway — An instrument runway served by visual aids and a
nonvisual aid providing at least directional guidance adequate for a straight-in approach;
b. Precision Approach Runway, CAT I — An instrument runway served by ILS and visual
aids intended for operations with a decision height not lower than 60m (200 ft) and either a
visibility not less than 800m, or a RVR not less than 550m;
c. Precision Approach Runway, CAT II — An instrument runway served by ILS and visual
aids intended for operations with a decision height lower than 60m (200 ft) but not lower than
100 ft and a RVR not less than 300m;
d. Precision Approach Runway, CAT III — An instrument runway served by ILS to and along
the surface of the runway and:
1. for CAT IIIA – intended for operations with a decision height lower than 30m (100 ft), or
no decision height and a RVR not less than 175m;
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2. for CAT IIIB – intended for operations with a decision height lower than 15m (50 ft), or
no decision height and a RVR less than 175m but not less than 50m;
3. for CAT IIIC – intended for operations with no decision height and no RVR limitations.
INTEGRITY — That quality which relates to the trust which can be placed in the correctness of
information supplied by a system. It includes the ability of a system to provide timely warnings to
users when the system should not be used for navigation.
INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT — That segment of an instrument approach procedure
between either the intermediate approach fix and the final approach fix or point, or between the
end of the reversal, race track or dead reckoning track procedure and the final approach fix or
point, as appropriate.
INTERMEDIATE FIX (IF) — A fix on an RNAV (or RNP) approach that marks the end of an initial
segment and the beginning of the intermediate segment.
IN THE VICINITY — An aircraft that is in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome if it is within a
horizontal distance of 10 miles; and within a height above the aerodrome reference point that
could result in conflict with operations at the aerodrome.
LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS (LAHSO) — A procedure involving dependant opera-
tions conducted on two intersecting runways whereby aircraft land and depart on one runway
while aircraft landing on the other runway hold short of the intersection.
LANDING AREA — That part of the movement area intended for the landing or take-off of air-
craft.
LEVEL — A generic term relating to the vertical position of an aircraft in flight and meaning vari-
ously, height, altitude or flight level.
LOW JET ROUTE (LJR) — A route, or a part of a route, at or below 5000 ft AGL used by MLJ
aircraft for low level, high speed navigation and/or terrain following exercises.
LOW VISIBILITY OPERATION — An operation involving:
a. an approach with minima less than precision approach category I; or
b. a take-off with visibility below 550m.
LOW VISIBILITY PROCEDURES — Procedures applied at an aerodrome for protecting aircraft
operations during conditions of reduced visibility or low cloud.
LOWEST SAFE ALTITUDE (LSALT) — The lowest altitude which will provide safe terrain clear-
ance at a given place.
MANEUVERING AREA — That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and
taxiing of aircraft, excluding aprons.
MARKER — An object displayed above ground level in order to indicate an obstacle or delineate
a boundary.
MARKINGS — A symbol or group of symbols displayed on the surface of the movement area in
order to convey aeronautical information.
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MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF WEIGHT (MTOW) — The maximum take-off weight of an aircraft as

specified in its Certificate of Airworthiness.
MEDICAL FLIGHT — A flight providing transport of medical patients, personnel and/or equip-
ment, prioritized as follows:
– MEDEVAC: A life critical medical emergency evacuation eg An aircraft proceeding to pick up,
or carrying, a severely ill patient, or one for whom life support measures are being provided.
– HOSP: A medical flight declared by medical authorities eg An aircraft transporting or proceed-
ing to pick up medical personnel and/or equipment urgently required for the treatment of a
severely ill patient, or returning urgently required medical personnel and/or equipment at the
termination of a MEDEVAC flight.
MINIMUM FUEL — The term used to describe a situation when an aircraft's fuel supply has
reached a state where having committed to land at a specific aerodrome, the pilot calculates that
any change to the existing clearance to that aerodrome may result in landing with less than plan-
ned fixed fuel reserve.
MOVEMENT AREA — That part of an aerodrome to be used for take-off, landing and taxiing of
aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s).
MULTICOM — The frequency (126.7 MHz) used for broadcasts while operating to or from a non-
towered aerodrome that does not have a discrete CTAF assigned.
NAIPS — The National Aeronautical Information Processing System, which provides briefings
and flight notification functions.
NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION — A set of aircraft and flight crew requirements needed to sup-
port performance based navigation operations within a defined airspace. There are two kinds of
navigation specifications:
– RNP Specification. A navigation specification based on area navigation that includes the
requirement for on board performance monitoring and alerting, designated by the prefix RNP,
e.g. RNP 4, RNP APCH.
– RNAV Specification. A navigation specification based on area navigation that does not include
the requirement for on board performance monitoring and alerting, designated by the prefix
RNAV, e.g. RNAV 5, RNAV 1.
NOTE: The Performance-based Navigation Manual (Doc 9613), Volume II, contains detailed
guidance on navigation specifications.
NON-DIRECTIONAL BEACON (NDB) — A special radio station, the emissions of which are
intended to enable a mobile station to determine its radio bearing or direction with reference to
that special radio station.
NON-TOWERED AERODROME — An aerodrome at which air traffic control is not operating.
NOTAM — A notice distributed by means of telecommunication containing information concerning
the establishment, condition or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard,
the timely knowledge of which is essential to persons concerned with flight operations.
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NO-TRANSGRESSION ZONE (NTZ) — A corridor of airspace of defined dimensions located cen-

trally between the two extended runway centerlines where controller intervention is required to
maneuver aircraft when this airspace is penetrated by an aircraft conducting a simultaneous
approach to a parallel instrument runway.
ONE WAY ROUTE — A route with limitations for use in one direction, depicted on ERC-H, ERC-L
and/or TAC charts by an arrow in the direction that can be used without limitation (Jeppesen
depicts published routes with direction indication on the Low and High/Low Altitude Enroute
Charts).
OPERATIONS MANUAL — A manual provided by an operator for the use and guidance of its
operations staff, containing instructions as to the conduct of flight operations, including the
responsibilities of its operations staff (refer CAR 215).
OPERATOR — A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in aircraft
operation.
PARKING AREA — A specially prepared or selected part of an aerodrome within which aircraft
may be parked.
PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION (PBN) — Area navigation based on performance
requirements for aircraft operating along an ATS route, on an instrument approach procedure or
in a designated airspace.
NOTE: Performance requirements are expressed in navigation specifications (RNAV specifica-
tion, RNP specification) in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity, availability and functionality
needed for the proposed operation in the context of a particular airspace concept.
PERFORMANCE CLASS 1 (PC1) — PC1 is the class of helicopter performance such that in the
event of failure of the critical power-unit the helicopter is able either to land within the rejected
take-off distance available, or to safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area, depend-
ing on when the failure occurs.
PERFORMANCE CLASS 2 (PC2) — PC2 is the class of helicopter performance such that in the
event of critical power-unit failure performance is available to enable the helicopter to safely con-
tinue the flight except when the failure occurs early during the take-off maneuver or late in the
landing maneuver, in which cases a forced landing may be required.
PERMISSIBLE ALL-UP-WEIGHT — The weight to which an aircraft is limited by virtue of the
physical characteristics of an aerodrome.
PILOT-IN-COMMAND — The pilot designated by the operator, or in the case of general aviation,
the owner, as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of a flight.
PRIMARY MEANS NAVIGATION SYSTEM — A navigation system that, for a given operation or
phase of flight, must meet accuracy and integrity requirements, but need not meet full availability
and continuity of service requirements. Safety is achieved by either limiting flights to specific time
periods, or through appropriate procedural restrictions and operational requirements.
PRIVATE IFR — The Private IFR Rating (PIFR) authorises the holder to act as pilot in command
of flights under the IFR by day in single pilot aircraft having a MTOW not greater than 5,700KG.
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PROCEDURAL SERVICE — Term used to indicate that information derived from an ATS surveil-
lance system is not required for the provision of ATS.
PROCEDURE ALTITUDE/HEIGHT — A specified altitude/height flown at or above the minimum
altitude/height, and established to accommodate a stabilized descent at a prescribed descent gra-
dient/angle in the intermediate/final approach segment.
PROHIBITED AREA — An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial
waters of a State, within which the flight of aircraft is prohibited. Designation is appropriate only
for reasons of military necessity.
QNH ALTIMETER SETTING — That pressure setting which, when placed on the pressure setting
sub-scale of a sensitive altimeter of an aircraft located at the reference point of an aerodrome, will
cause the altimeter to indicate the vertical displacement of the reference point above mean sea
level.
RADIO NAVIGATION SERVICE — A service providing guidance information or position data for
the efficient and safe operation of aircraft supported by one or more radio navigation aids.
RECEIVER AUTONOMOUS INTEGRITY MONITORING (RAIM) — A system whereby an air-
borne GPS receiver / processor autonomously monitors the integrity of the navigation signals
from GPS satellites.
REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMUM (RVSM) — The vertical separation minimum of
1000 ft between FL290 and FL410 inclusive.
REGISTERED AERODROME — A place that is registered as an aerodrome under the Civil Avia-
tion Safety Regulations.
REPETITIVE FLIGHT PLAN — A flight plan referring to a series of frequently recurring, regularly
operated individual flights with identical basic features, submitted by an operator for retention and
repetitive use by ATS units.
REPORTING POINT — A specified geographical location in relation to which the position of an
aircraft can be determined.
REQUIRED NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE (RNP) — A statement of the navigation perform-
ance necessary for operation within a defined airspace.
RESTRICTED AREA — An airspace of defined dimensions above the land areas or territorial
waters of a State, within which the flight of an aircraft is restricted in accordance with certain
specified conditions.
NOTE: This designation is used when necessary in the interests of public safety or the protection
of the environment.
RNP TYPE — A containment value expressed as a distance in nautical miles from the intended
position within which flights would be for at least 95 per cent of the total flying time.
ROUTE — A way to be taken in flying from a departure to a destination aerodrome, specified in
terms of track and distance for each route segment.
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RUNWAY — A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-
off of aircraft.
RUNWAY-HOLDING POSITION — A designated position intended to protect a runway, an obsta-
cle limitation surface, or an ILS critical/sensitive area at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles must
stop and hold, unless otherwise authorized by the aerodrome control tower.
NOTE: In radiotelephone phraseologies, the expression “holding point” is used to designate the
runway-holding position.
RUNWAY NUMBER — The runway identification associated with the runway direction end.
RUNWAY STRIP — The defined area including the runway (and stopway if provided), intended
both to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft inadvertently running off the runway and to protect
aircraft flying over it during take-off, landing, or missed approach.
RUNWAY VISIBILITY (RV) — The distance along a runway over which a person can see and
recognize a visibility marker or runway lights.
NOTE: The term RUNWAY VISIBILITY is used by ATC or ground personnel to report visibility
along a runway as determined by a ground observer.
RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR) — The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the center-
line of a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or iden-
tifying its centerline. (ICAO)
NOTE: Within Australia, the term “RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE” or “RVR” is used exclusively in
relation to RVR measured by an instrument system.
SARTIME — The time nominated by a pilot for the initiation of SAR action if a report has not been
received by the nominated time.
SARWATCH — A generic term covering SAR alerting based either on full position reporting pro-
cedures, scheduled reporting times (SKEDS), or SARTIME.
SEGREGATED PARALLEL OPERATIONS — Simultaneous operations on parallel or near-paral-
lel instrument runways in which one runway is used exclusively for approaches and the other
runway is used exclusively for departures.
SELF CONTAINED NAVIGATION SYSTEMS — Area navigation systems based on INS, IRS or
GNSS.
SIGNIFICANT POINT — A specified geographical location used in defining an ATS route or the
flight path of an aircraft and for other navigation and ATS purposes.
NOTE: There are three categories of significant points: ground-based navigation aid, intersection
and waypoint. In the context of this definition, intersection is a significant point expressed as radi-
als, bearings and/or distances from ground-based navigation aids.
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER — Any weather phenomenon which might affect flight visibility or
present a hazard to an aircraft.
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SIMULTANEOUS OPPOSITE DIRECTION PARALLEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS (SODPROPS)

— A condition whereby arriving aircraft will approach and land on one runway, concurrent with air-
craft departures from the parallel runway using the opposite direction to that being used for
approach and landing.
SITUATION DISPLAY — An electronic display depicting the position and movement of aircraft
and other information as required.
SOLE MEANS NAVIGATION SYSTEM — A navigation system that, for a given phase of flight,
must allow the aircraft to meet all four navigation system performance requirements: accuracy,
integrity, availability and continuity of service.
SSR CODE — The number assigned to a particular multiple-pulse reply signal transmitted by a
transponder in Mode A or Mode C.
STANDARD PRESSURE — The pressure of 1013.2 hectopascals which, if set upon the pressure
sub-scale of a sensitive altimeter, will cause the latter to read zero when at mean sea level in a
standard atmosphere.
STANDARD PRESSURE REGION — Airspace above 10,000 ft where the sub-scale of a pres-
sure sensitive altimeter is set to 1013.2 hPa.
STOP-AND-GO LANDING — A procedure whereby an aircraft lands, comes to a complete stop
on the runway and then commences take-off from that point.
STOPWAY — A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of the takeoff run available
prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-
off.
SUPPLEMENTAL MEANS NAVIGATION SYSTEM — A navigation system that must be used in
conjunction with a sole means navigation system.
SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION SERVICE (SIS) — An on-request service provided to assist
pilots of VFR flights, within ATS surveillance system coverage in Class E and Class G airspace,
to avoid other aircraft or to assist in navigation.
TAXIWAY (TWY) — A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and
intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another.
TERRAIN CLEARANCE — The vertical displacement of an aircraft’s flight path from the terrain.
TOTAL ESTIMATED ELAPSED TIME — For IFR flights, the estimated time required from take-
off to arrive over that designated point, defined by reference to navigation aids, from which it is
intended that an instrument approach procedure will be commenced, or if no navigation aid is
associated with the destination aerodrome, to arrive over the destination aerodrome. For VFR
flights the estimated time required from take-off to arrive over the destination aerodrome.
TRACK — The projection on the earth’s surface of the path of an aircraft, the direction of which
path at any point is usually expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic or grid).
TRANSITIONAL SURFACE — An inclined plane associated with the runway strip and the
approach surfaces.
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TRANSPONDER — A receiver / transmitter which will generate a reply signal upon proper inter-
rogation; the interrogation and reply being on different frequencies.
UNICOM (Universal Communications) — UNICOM is a non-ATS communications service provi-
ded to enhance the value of information normally available about a non-towered aerodrome.
UNSERVICEABLE AREA — A portion of the movement area not available for use by aircraft
because of the physical condition of the surface, or because of any obstruction on the area.
VECTORING — Provision of navigational guidance to aircraft in the form of specific headings,
based on the use of an ATS surveillance system.
VFR CLIMB AND DESCENT — ATC authorization for an IFR flight in VMC, in Classes “D” and
“E” airspace, to conduct a visual climb or descent.
VFR-ON-TOP — ATC authorization for an IFR flight to operate in VMC, in Class “E” airspace at
any appropriate VFR altitude or flight level.
VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR) — A VHF radio navigational aid which pro-
vides a continuous indication of bearing from the selected VOR ground station.
VISIBILITY — Visibility for aeronautical purposes is the greater of:
a. the greatest distance at which a black object of suitable dimensions situated near the
ground, can be seen and recognized when observed against a bright background; or
b. the greatest distance at which lights in the vicinity of 1000 candelas can be seen and identi-
fied against an unlit background.
VISIBILITY MARKER — A dark object of suitable dimensions for use as a reference in evaluating
runway visibility.
Vs1g — Means the one-g stall speed at which the aeroplane can develop a lift force (normal to the
flight path) equal to its weight.
2 ABBREVIATIONS
AACC Area Approach Control Center
AAD Assigned Altitude Deviation
AAIS Automatic Aerodrome Information Service
AAL Above Aerodrome Level
AAR Air to Air Refuelling
ABI Advance Boundary Information
ABT About
ACARS Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System
ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System
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ACCID Initial Notification of an Aircraft Accident

ACD Airways Clearance Delivery
ACPT Accept, Accepted
ACT Active, Activated, Activity
ADDN Addition, Additional
ADJ Adjacent
ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast
ADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract
ADZ Advise
AEP Aerodrome Emergency Plan
AERIS Automatic Enroute Information Service
AFIL Flight notification
– filed in the air, or
– indicating the position at which ATS services will first be required.
AFM Yes, Affirm, Affirmative, That is Correct
AFS Aeronautical Fixed Service
AFRU Aerodrome Frequency Response Unit
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AFZ Australian Fishing Zone(s)
AGN Again
AH After Hours
AIC Aeronautical Information Circular
AIS Aeronautical Information Service
ALA Aircraft Landing Area for the purpose of CAR 92(1)(d)
ALS Approach Lighting System
ALTN Alternate, Alternating (light alternates in color)
ALTRV Altitude Reservation
AMD Amend, Amended
AMDT Amendment (AIP Amendment)
AMSA Australian Maritime Safety Authority
AOC Air Operators Certificate
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AP Airport
APAPI Abbreviated Precision Approach Path Indicator
APN Apron
APSG After Passing
APV Approve, Approved, Approval
AQZ Area QNH Zone
ARCP Air Refueling Control Point
ARFF Aerodrome Rescue & Fire Fighting Service
ARFL Aeroplane Reference Field Length
ARIP Air Refuelling Initial Point
ARN Aviation Reference Number
ARNG Arrange
ARP Aerodrome Reference Point
ASAP As Soon As Possible
ASE Altimetry System Error
A-SMGCS Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
ASPH Asphalt
ASR Area Surveillance Radar
AT-VASIS Abbreviated “T” Visual Approach Slope Indicator System
AVG Average
AVGAS Aviation Gasoline
AWK Aerial Work
BOMB Bombing
BRF Short (used to indicate type of approach)
BRKG Braking
CA/GRS Certified Air/Ground Radio Service
CAO Civil Aviation Order
CAR Civil Aviation Regulation
CASA Civil Aviation Safety Authority
CCTS Circuits
CEN Enroute and Area ATC Unit
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CET Clearance Expiry Time

CF Change Frequency to
CFL Cleared Flight Level
CFM Confirm, I Confirm
CHTR Charter
CIT Near, Over Large Town(s)
CIV Civil
CK Check
CL Center Line
CLBR Calibration
CLG Calling
CLIAS Climbing Indicated Airspeed
CLR Clear, Cleared to . . ., Clearance
CLSD Closed, Close, Closing
CMB Climb To or Climbing To
CMPL Completion, Completed, Complete
CMSD Commissioned
CNL Cancel, or Flight Plan Cancellation Message
CNS Communications, Navigation and Surveillance
CONC Concrete
COND Condition
CONS Continuous
CONST Construction, Constructed
CONT Continue(s), Continued
COOR Coordinate, Coordinated
COR Correct, Corrected, Correction
COS Conical Surface
CPDLC Controller Pilot Datalink Communication
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRZ Cruise
CS Call Sign
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CTC Contact
CTN Caution
CTR Control Zone
CUST Customs
CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder
CWY Clearway
D-ATIS Data Link Automatic Terminal Information Service
DCMSD Decommissioned
DCPC Direct Controller-Pilot Communications
DEP Depart, Departure, Departed, Departing, Departure Message
DEST Destination
DEV Deviation, Deviating
DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder
DISP Displaced
DLA Delay, Delayed
DLE Delay Enroute
DLIC Data Link Initiation Capability
DLY Daily
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DNG Danger, Dangerous
DOC Documents
DOF Date of Flight
DTAM Descend To and Maintain
DTG Date-Time Group
DTHR Displaced Runway Threshold
D-VOLMET Data Link Volmet
EB Eastbound
EHF Extremely High Frequency (30,000 to 300,000 MHz)
EM Emission
ENDCE Endurance
ENG Engine
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ENRT Enroute
EQPT Equipment
EST Estimate or Estimated or Estimate (Message Type Indicator)
ETO Estimated Time Over Significant Point
EV Every
EVS Enhanced Vision System
EXC Except
EXER Exercises, Exercising, To Exercise
FATO Final Approach and Take-Off Area
FAWP Final Approach Way-point
FAX Facsimile Transmission
FDE Fault Detection and Exclusion
FDPS Flight Data Processing system
FFR Flood, Fire Relief
FIA Flight Information Area FIO Flight Information Office
FLR Flares
FLTCK Flightcheck
FLW Follow(s), Following
FLY Fly, Flying
FM From
FMS Flight Management System
FMU Flow Management Unit
FPA Flight Procedure Authorisations
FPD Flight Plan Designator
FPL Filed Flight Plan Message
FPR Flight Plan Route
FR Fuel Remaining
FRNG Firing
FS Flight Service (in general)
FSL Full Stop Landing
FSP Fish Spotting
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FST First
FXD Fixed
GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System
GEO Geographic, true
GES Ground Earth Station
GFY Glider Flying
GLD Glider
GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System
GLS GBAS landing system
GNDCK Ground Check
GNS Global Navigation System
GP FLG Group Flashing (number) (used in conjunction with aerodrome light-
ing)
GRAD Minimum Required Climb Gradient
GRASS Grass Landing Area
GRVL Gravel
GS Ground Speed
GUND Geoid Undulation
HBN Hazard Beacon
HDS Hours of Daylight Saving
HEL Helicopter
HIAL High Intensity Approach Lighting
HIOL High Intensity Obstacle Lights
HLDG Holding
HLS Helicopter Landing Site
HOSP Hospital Aircraft
HS Service available during hours of scheduled operations
HSL Hold Short Lights
HUD Head-up display
HVY Heavy
HX No specific working hours
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IAS Indicated Airspeed

IAWP Initial Approach Way-point
ID Identifier, Identify
IDENT Identification
IDEP Instrument Departure (FPA)
IFF Identification Friend/Foe
IMG Immigration
IMT Immediate, Immediately
INTRG Interrogator
INTRP Interrupt, Interruption, Interrupted
ISB Independent Sideband
IWI Illuminated Wind Indicator
J-BAR Jet Barrier
JF Saturday, Sunday and Public Holidays
JO Monday to Friday Except Public Holidays
LAHSO Land and Hold Short Operations
LAN Inland
LCA Locally, Location, Located, Local
LEN Length
LF Low Frequency (30 to 300 KHz)
LGT Light, Lighting
LGTD Lighted
LIH Light Intensity High
LIL Light Intensity Low
LIM Light Intensity Medium
LIOL Low Intensity Obstacle Lights
LIRL Low Intensity Runway Lights
LJR Low Jet Route
LL Lower Limits
LMT Local Mean Time
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LOE Lane of Entry

LTD Limited
LUL Lowest Usable Level
M Mach Number (followed by figures)
MAE Men and Equipment
MAHWP Missed Approach Holding Way-point
MAINT Maintenance
MAR At Sea
MARSA Military Assumes Responsibility for Separation of Military Aircraft
MAWP Missed Approach Way-point
MDF Medium Frequency Direction Finding Station
MEDEVAC Medical Emergency Evacuation
MF Medium Frequency (300 to 3000 KHz)
MIOL Medium Intensity Obstacle Lights
MKR Marker Radio Beacon
MLJ Military Low Jet
MLJR Military Low Jet Route
MLW Maximum Landing Weight
MNT Monitor, Monitoring, Monitored
MNTN Maintain, Maintained, Maintaining
MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Standards
MSG Message
MSSR Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar
MT Mountain
MTP Maximum Tire Pressure
MVA Minimum Vector Altitude
NAIPS National Aeronautical Information Processing System
NAT NAVAID Training
NAV Navigation
NAVAID Navigation Aid
NB Northbound
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NBFR Not Before

NEG Negative, No, Permission not granted, That is not correct
NGT Night
NIL None
NML Normal
NOC National Operations Centre
NOTAM Notice to Airmen (A notice containing information concerning the es-
tablishment, condition or change in facility, service, procedure or haz-
ard which is essential to personnel concerned with flight operations.)
NOZ Normal Operating Zone
NTZ No Transgression Zone
NV Night VFR
OBST Obstacle
OBSTR Obstruction
OFZ Obstacle Free Zone
OCTA Oceanic Control Area (in Jeppesen charts)
OCTA Outside Control Area (in Australia charts)
OCTR Outside Control Zone
OLDI On Line Data Interchange
OPN Operational Notification Message (message type designator)
OW Over Water
PAL Pilot Activated Lighting
PARL Parallel
PAX Passengers
PBN Performance-based navigation
PCD Proceed, Proceeding
PDC Pre-Departure Clearance
PER Performance
PH Public Holiday
PIB Pre-flight Information Bulletin
PIFR Private IFR (rating)
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PJE Parachute Jumping Exercise

PN Prior Notice Required
PNR Point of No Return
POB Number of Persons on Board
PRD Prohibited, Restricted and Danger Areas
PROC Procedure
PSN Position
PSR Primary Surveillance Radar
PTBL Portable
PTT Press to Talk
RA Restricted Area
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
RASC Regional AIS System Center
RCGL Runway Circling Guidance Lights
RCLL Runway Center Line Lights
RCH Reach, Reaching
RDO Radio
REDL Runway Edge Lights
RENL Runway End Lights
REQ Request, Requested
RESTR Restrictions
RLLS Runway Lead-in Lighting
RNAV Area Navigation (Navigation Specification prefix)
RNP Required Navigation Performance (Navigation Specification prefix)
ROD Rate of Descent
RPI Runway Point of Intercept
RPI Radar Position Indicator
RPT Regular Public Transport
RQ Require(d)
RQMNTS Requirements
RSCD Runway Surface Condition
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RSR Enroute Surveillance Radar

RTHL Runway Threshold Lights
RTIL Runway Threshold Identification Lights
RTZL Runway Touchdown Zone Light(s)
RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum
SALS Simple Approach Lighting System
SARPS Standards and Recommended Practices (ICAO)
SARTIME Time Search Action Required
SATCOM Satellite Communication
SB Southbound
SDC Standard Departure Clearance
SIS Surveillance Information Service
SMC Surface Movement Control
SMCV Surface Movement Control Vehicles
SMR Surface Movement Radar
SPFIB Specific Preflight Information Bulletin
SRD Standard Radar Departure
SST Super Sonic Transport
STN Station
STWL Stopway Lights
SUBJ Subject to
SUP Supplement (AIP Supplement)
SVY Survey Operations
SWY Stopway
T Bearing (true)
TAR Terminal Area Surveillance Radar
TBA To Be Advised
TFC Traffic
TGS Taxiing Guidance System
TIBA Traffic Information Broadcasts by Aircraft
TRA Temporary Restricted Area
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TRANS Transmits, Transmitter

TRL Transition Level
TSO Technical Standard Order
T-VASIS “T” Visual Approach Slope Indicator System
UA Unmanned aircraft
UAS Unmanned aircraft system
UL Upper Limits
UNREL Unreliable
VASIS Visual Approach Slope Indicator System
VCY Vicinity
VDF VHF Direction Finding Station
VER Vertical
VIA By way of . . .
VIP Very Important Person
VLF Very Low Frequency (3 to 30 KHz)
WB Westbound
WDI Wind Direction Indicator
WEF With Effect From, Effective From
WGS-84 World Geodetic System – 1984
WID Width
WIE With Immediate Effect, Effective Immediately
WILCO Will Comply
WIP Work in Progress
WO Without
WRNG Warning
WPT Way-point
WT Weight
X Cross
XBAR Cross Bar (of approach lighting system)
XNG Crossing
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YCZ Yellow Caution Zone

YR Your(s)
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AIR TRAFFIC RULES AND SERVICES
Civil Aviation Regulations (CAR), Civil Aviation Orders (CAO), Air Services Regulations
(ASR) and Air Navigation Regulations (ANR) may be referenced in the text of this section;
however, they are not published herein.
1 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES

1.1 AERONAUTICAL AUTHORITY
1.1.1 Responsibility for civil aviation in Australia and its Territories rests with two organizations:
the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) and Airservices Australia (Airservices). CASA is
responsible for safety regulation of all civil aviation in Australia, including the safety regulation of
Airservices’ provision of support services. Requests for advice on Australia’s civil aviation support
services including Air Traffic Services (ATS), Rescue and Fire Fighting (RFF) services, Aeronauti-
cal Information Service (AIS) and Search and Rescue (SAR) may be directed to:
Business Replay Post

PERMIT No 1986 – CIVIC SQUARE
Address: Airservices Australia
Aeronautical Information Service
GPO Box 367
CANBERRA
ACT
AUSTRALIA
2601
Fax: (02) 6268 5689
61 2 6268 5689
Telex: YSHOYOYX
CIVILAIR Canberra
E-Mail: docs.amend@airservicesaustralia.com
Internet: www.airservicesaustralia.com/aip/ccard
1.2 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICE (AIS)

1.2.1 The Aeronautical Information Service (AIS) is established pursuant to para 8.(1) of the
Air Services Act 1995. The AIS is responsible for the collection, collation and dissemination of
aeronautical information and instructions relating to the safety, regularity and efficiency of air navi-
gation within the areas covered.
1.2.2 An International NOTAM Office (NOF) is established at Brisbane (YBBBYNYX) for the pur-
pose of the international exchange of NOTAM.
1.2.3 Area of Responsibility — The AIS is responsible for the collection and dissemination of
aeronautical information for the entire territory of Australia and its associated airspace, and for the
airspace over the high seas encompassed by the Brisbane and Melbourne FIRs.
AUSTRALIA
1.3 PUBLISHED AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION

1.3.1 The information in this Airway Manual is extracted from Australian Aeronautical Informa-
tion Publications (AIP), which provides the primary source of information concerning rules of the
air and procedures for the safe and efficient movement of aircraft in Australian airspace. The
Airway Manual information and/or the AIP should be read in conjunction with CASRs, CARs,
CAOs and CAAPs which detail the statutory requirements.
1.3.1.1 Documents and charts issued in accordance with the AIRAC cycle become effective at
1600 hours UTC on the day prior to the nominated date unless otherwise notified; e.g., a docu-
ment with an AIRAC date 26 Jun becomes effective 06251600UTC (i.e., during Australian East-
ern Standard Time, becomes effective at 0200 hours local on 26 Jun).
1.3.2 NOTAM
1.3.2.1 Area of Responsibility
Airservices Australia’s NOTAM Office is responsible for the issuing of NOTAM. Contact details
are:
Airservices Australia
Address: NOTAM Office
Locked Bag 747,
Eagle Farm
Qld.
4009
Tel: +61 7 3866 3647
E-Mail: nof@airservicesaustralia.com
1.3.2.2 NOTAM provide information that is of direct operational significance and which may
immediately affect aircraft operations. A NOTAM is issued in a format containing fields (Q) and
(A) to (G) as follows:
AUSTRALIA
This field consists of eight sub fields separated by oblique strokes.

a. 1. FIR in which the location listed in field A) is located.
b. 2. NOTAM code. This is a coded version of the subject and status of the NOTAM pre-
ceded by the letter 'Q'
c. 3. Traffic field. Signifies if a NOTAM affects IFR or VFR flights
d. 4. Purpose field. Signifies if a NOTAM is for immediate attention and/or for briefings or
concerning flight operations.
e. 5. Scope field. Signifies if the NOTAM is an aerodrome, enroute or warning NOTAM
Q
f. 6. Lower level of the activity in the NOTAM. If no level specified the default is 000.
g. 7. Upper level of the activity in the NOTAM. If no level specified, the default is 999.
h. 8. Coordinates. For location specific NOTAM, the latitude/longitude of the location lis-
ted in field A) of the NOTAM is listed. If not a specific location, the field is left blank.
Example of Q field:
Q) YBBB/QMRAU/IV/BO/A/000/999/2723S15307E
NOTE: The list of codes used in the Q) field is available in ICAO Annex 15 and Doc-8126.
Briefings obtained from NAIPS are decoded.
A Location identification.
Time of commencement of information contained in Field E; or, time of publication where
B prior notification is required. In this case, Field E commences with “WEF.. (Date/Time)..”.
This Date/Time will then reflect the actual commencement time of the NOTAM information.
Time of cessation of information. If timing is uncertain, the duration is indicated by using an
C estimated date-time group followed by EST. PERM is used in lieu of the date-time group
when the information is permanent.
D Times of periods of activity;
E Plain language text (for international NOTAM, ICAO codes are used);
F Lower limit;
G Upper limit.
1.3.2.3 In the domestic environment, NOTAM numbering is preceded by the letter “C” followed
by the year; e.g., C0689/08.
1.3.2.4 For each location, a separate series of numbers is issued, thus the NOTAM is identified
by both the location and the number, not by the number alone.
1.3.2.5 In the international environment, Australia issues NOTAM against a series of registers.
These registers are by individual FIRs, multiple FIRs, or Australia General. The individual FIRs
and multiple FIRs registers are further subdivided by NOTAM category. The series are as follows:
AUSTRALIA
Brisbane FIR – ATS and PRD NOTAM category: D

Brisbane FIR – AD category: J
Brisbane FIR – all other NOTAM category: N
Melbourne FIR – ATS and PRD NOTAM category: E
Melbourne FIR – AD category: H
Melbourne FIR – all other NOTAM category: F
Australia General FIR: G
1.3.3 AIP Supplement (SUP) — Issued to supplement the information in the AIP when the
information is of a temporary nature, requires advanced distribution or is appropriate to the AIP
but would not be made available with sufficient rapidity by the issue of an amendment to the AIP.
1.3.3.1 SUPs which conform with the International schedule effective dates for a minimum 28
days' notice of effect have the word “AIRAC” included in the heading.
1.3.3.2 Most SUPs are addressed and disseminated to all AIP holders. The distribution can be
widened depending on content, and is advised in the SUP under the heading DISTRIBUTION.
SUPs that have relevance to only a small section of the industry will be distributed electronically
via the Airservices Australia website and/or NAIPS Aviation Facsimile (AVFAX) facility. When a
restricted distribution is required, notice to the industry is via a “trigger” NOTAM.
1.3.3.3 A checklist of current SUPs is issued monthly.
1.3.4 Aeronautical Information Circulars (AIC) — AICs are used to disseminate aeronautical
information to aircrew. Usually the information is of an administrative nature and not directly con-
cerned with the present conduct of airborne operations, but may have implications for the future.
AICs contain advice which does not qualify for promulgation in AIP or NOTAM.
1.3.4.1 Some examples of information suitable for promulgation as an AIC are:
a. a long-term forecast of a major change in legislation, regulations, procedures or facilities;
b. information of a purely explanatory or advisory nature liable to affect flight safety; and
c. information or notification of an explanatory or advisory nature concerning technical, legisla-
tive or purely administrative matters.
1.3.4.2 Each AIC to be distributed in hard copy is addressed to all AIP holders and, if necessary,
those persons or organizations affected, and this selective addressing is advised in the AIC under
the heading DISTRIBUTION. AICs which address information applicable to a limited section of the
aviation community may be disseminated by AVFAX and Airservices Australia website only.
When this occurs, notification is via a “trigger” NOTAM.
1.3.4.3 Checklists of current AICs are issued monthly.
1.3.5 Preflight Information Service — A preflight information service is provided from an office
located in Brisbane. This office provides a NOTAM, meteorological and flight notification service.
Some charges are applicable.
AUSTRALIA
2 SUMMARY OF NATIONAL REGULATIONS AND

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS/CONVENTIONS
2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 The following is a list of civil aviation legislation and air navigation regulations in force in
Australia and its Territories.
2.2 LEGISLATION BY THE PARLIAMENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF

AUSTRALIA
2.2.1 Air Navigation Act 1920 – Ratification of Chicago Convention and Protocols amending
Articles 45, 48, 49 and 61 of Chicago Convention and Air Transit Agreement:
– Control of foreign aircraft on flights in Australia;
– International airline licenses;
– Carriage of munitions in aircraft.
2.2.2 Air Navigation Regulations (made under the Air Navigation Act).
2.2.3 Air Services Act 1995 – An Act establishing Airservices Australia.
2.2.4 Civil Aviation Act 1988 – An Act establishing the Civil Aviation Authority with functions
relating to the safety of civil aviation and related purposes:
– Air Operators Certificates;
– Use of Defense Airports;
– Interference with navigation aids.
2.2.5 Air Services Regulations (made under the Air Services Act), being statutory Rules 1995
No 223 as amended.
Part 1 — Preliminary
Part 2 — Airspace Management
Part 3 — Air Traffic Services
Part 4 — Other Services
Part 5 — Additional Functions of AA
Part 6 — Statutory Liens
Part 7 — Miscellaneous
2.2.6 Civil Aviation Regulations
Australia’s aviation regulations are contained in two documents: the Civil Aviation Regulations
1988 and the Civil Aviation Regulations 1998. In due course, the regulations contained in CAR
1988 will be replaced by CAR 1998. In the interim, both CAR 1988 and CAR 1998 apply.
AUSTRALIA
CAR 1988
Part 1 — Preliminary.
Part 2 — Administration and Organization.
Part 3 — Registration and Marking of Aircraft.
Part 4 — Airworthiness Requirements.
Part 4a — Maintenance.
Part 4b — Defect Reporting.
Part 4c — Flight Manuals.
Part 4d — Removal of Data Plates and Aircraft Registration Identification Plates.
Part 5 — Qualifications of Flight Crew.
Part 6 — Medical.
Part 7 — Personal Log Books and Navigation Logs.
Part 8 — Radio Systems for Use in, or in Connection with, Aircraft.
Part 9 — Aerodromes.
Part 10 — Air Traffic Services and Other Services.
Part 11 — Conditions of Flight.
Part 12 — Rules of the Air.
Part 13 — Signals for the Control of Air Traffic.
Part 14 — Air Service Operations.
Part 15 — Dangerous Goods.
Refusal to Grant, and Suspension and Cancellation of, Licenses, Certifi-
Part 16 —
cates and Authorities.
Part 17 — Penal Provisions and Prosecutions.
Part 18 — Evidence.
Part 19 — Miscellaneous.
Part 20 — Transitional.
CAR 1998
Part 1 — Preliminary.
Part 13 — Investigative and Enforcement Procedures.
Part 21 — Certification and Airworthiness Requirements for Aircraft and Parts.
Part 22 — Airworthiness Standards for Sailplanes and Powered Sailplanes.
AUSTRALIA
CAR 1998
Airworthiness Standards for Aeroplanes in the Normal, Utility, Acrobatic
Part 23 —
or Commuter Category.
Part 25 — Airworthiness Standards for Aeroplanes in the Transport Category.
Airworthiness Standards for Aircraft in the Primary Category or Inter-
Part 26 —
mediate Category.
Part 27 — Airworthiness Standards for Rotorcraft in the Normal Category.
Part 29 — Airworthiness Standards for Rotorcraft in the Transport Category.
Part 31 — Airworthiness Standards for Manned Free Balloons.
Part 32 — Airworthiness Standards for Engines for Very Light Aeroplanes.
Part 33 — Airworthiness Standards for Aircraft Engines.
Part 35 — Airworthiness Standards for Aircraft Propellers.
Part 39 — Airworthiness Directives.
Display of Nationality and Registration Marks and Aircraft Registration
Part 45 —
Identification Plates.
Part 200 — Exemptions.
Part 201 — Miscellaneous.
Part 202 — Transitional.
NOTE: Parts 61–183 are reserved for future use.
2.2.7 Air Navigation (Charges) Act 1952 — Charges payable in respect of the use of airports,
air route and airways facilities, meteorological services and search and rescue services main-
tained, operated, or provided by Australia.
2.2.8 Civil Aviation (Damage by Aircraft) Act 1958 — Ratification of Rome Convention on
damage caused by foreign aircraft to persons on the surface. Liability of certain other operators of
aircraft for damage on the surface.
2.2.9 Civil Aviation (Carriers’ Liability) Act 1979 — Ratification of the Warsaw Convention
and the Hague Protocol amending that Convention. Application of the rules of the Convention
both as unaffected by the Protocol and as amended by it. Application of principles of the Conven-
tion to certain other international carriage by air and certain domestic carriage by air.
2.2.10 Australian National Airlines Act 1945 — Establishment of Australian National Airlines
Commission to operate airline services on interstate and intra-territorial routes between places in
a Territory and places in Australia outside that Territory and to places outside Australia.
2.2.11 Civil Aviation Agreement Act 1952, Civil Aviation Agreement Act 1957, Airlines
Equipment Act 1958 — Relate to financial arrangements and rationalization agreements for
domestic operations.
AUSTRALIA
2.2.12 Transport Safety Investigation Act 2003 (TSI Act) — Provides guidance for the investi-
gation of transport accidents and other matters affecting transport safety in aviation, marine and
rail modes of transport.
2.3 OTHER RELEVANT LEGISLATION
Air Services Act 1995

Part 5, Division 3 and Division 4
Air Navigation Act 1920
Sections 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19
Air Navigation Regulations
106B, 106C, 191, 192, 300, 301, 329
Civil Aviation Act 1988
Sections 22, 23, 23A, 24, 25, 26, 27, 27A/AB/AC/AD/AE/AF, 28,
28A/BA/BB/BC/BD/BE/BF/BG/BH
Civil Aviation Regulation 135, 136, 139
Transport Safety Investigation Regulations 2003 (TSI Regulations) Parts 1, 2 and 5
Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention)
3 SECURITY OF GENERAL AVIATION OPERATIONS

3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.1.1 Since late 2001, the Australian Government has circulated warnings concerning the possi-
bility of terrorist attacks against Australian civil aviation interests, including general aviation (AICs
H41/01, H9/02, H8/04 and H3/06 refer and are replaced by this entry).
3.1.2 The general security situation in Australia has not changed since AIC H9/02 was issued.
Nevertheless, General Aviation (GA) and Charter (CHTR) industry personnel are urged to be par-
ticularly vigilant and alert to any activities in the industry which may arouse suspicions in regard to
possible terrorist actions.
3.2 ACTIVITIES WHICH MAY AROUSE SUSPICION

3.2.1 GA operators should be alert to the importance of reporting and/or resolving any event or
activity occurring in their operating environment that appears to be unusual or suspicious.
3.2.2 Examples of suspicious behavior can include but are not limited to:
a. unusual inquiries regarding flight training;
b. inquiries concerning aircraft configurations and capabilities;
c. loading and unloading of unusual or unauthorized cargo;
d. unusual inquiries regarding the use of, or training in, crop dusters or helicopters;
AUSTRALIA
e. unusual activity relative to the use or acquisition of dangerous chemicals;

f. watching, observing, photographing, sketching, measuring and note taking;
g. examining or inquiring about security systems and guarding;
h. visiting airports and not conducting 'normal’ airport business;
i. avoiding notice around critical airport infrastructure or assets;
j. being airside (or in other non public areas) without a verifiable excuse [be aware of seem-
ingly convincing cover stories];
k. inquiring about airport associated work that does not exist;
l. entering or leaving the airport precinct in an unusual manner;
m. creating distractions at times critical to aircraft operations;
n. insisting on urgency in apparent benign conditions;
o. attempting to circumvent security measures or procedures;
p. attempting to conceal baggage or avoiding scrutiny of it;
q. using or carrying innocent items that could mask more sinister items; and
r. presenting suspect ID (it might be worn or photocopied/photographed).
3.2.3 Any unusual behavior that cannot be satisfactorily explained should be reported to com-
pany security officers and/or police. Particular attention should be paid to details such as names
and descriptions of suspicious persons, and vessel/vehicle identification markers.
3.3 ACTIONS AND CONTACTS

3.3.1 All members of the aviation community are reminded to continue to maintain and, if neces-
sary, enhance their vigilance and security arrangements. Any suspicious circumstances or behav-
ior at an airport should be reported immediately to:
a. the National Security Hotline by telephone on 1800 123 400; or
b. the local police; or, persons may contact:
c. the Department of Infrastructure and Transport, Office of Transport Security, by telephone on
1300 307 288.
4 AUSTRALIAN SANCTIONS AGAINST THE DEMOCRATIC

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.1.1 The purpose of this section is to inform all persons operating Australian aircraft of their
obligations under the Charter of the United Nations (Sanctions - Democratic People’s Republic of
Korea) Regulations 2006 (the Regulations).
4.1.2 This section includes a list of luxury goods the sale, supply and transfer of which is prohibi-
ted under the regulations from 22 December 2006.
AUSTRALIA
4.2 BACKGROUND
4.2.1 On 14 October 2006 the United Nations (UN) Security Council unanimously adopted
Security Council Resolution 1718 (SCR 1718).
4.2.2 SCR 1718 obliges member states, including Australia, to implement a range of trade,
financial and travel sanctions against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK).
4.2.3 The purpose of the Regulations is to give effect to SCR 1718.
4.2.4 The Regulations take effect on 10 November 2006, and specifically apply to all aircraft
registered in Australia under the Civil Aviation Act 1988 (hereafter referred to as Australian air-
craft). The Regulations have extraterritorial operation and apply to all Australian aircraft and their
owners, pilots in command or operators. The Regulations also extend beyond aircraft and apply
broadly to conduct within Australia by any person or entity, as well as to the conduct of Australian
nationals and entities overseas (whether or not the aircraft is an Australian owned or operated air-
craft).
4.3 OBLIGATIONS
4.3.1 The Regulations impose specific obligations in relation to Australian aircraft. The owner,
pilot in command or operator of an Australian aircraft must not allow the aircraft to be used in a
way that assists, or results in, the supply, sale, or transfer of military goods, weapons of mass
destruction (WMD)-related goods or luxury goods to the DPRK. A list of luxury goods is listed
below. In addition, the owner, pilot in command or operator of an Australian aircraft must not allow
the aircraft to be used in a way that assists, or results in, the procurement of military goods or
WMD-related goods from the DPRK, regardless of whether the goods originated in the DPRK.
Further, Australians working on foreign owned or operated aircraft must not engage in conduct
which assists, or results in, the supply, sale, or transfer of military goods, WMD-related goods or
luxury goods to the DPRK. Australians working on foreign owned or operated aircraft must also
not engage in conduct that assists, or results in, the procurement of military goods or WMD-rela-
ted goods from the DPRK, regardless of whether the goods originated in the DPRK.
4.3.2 These sanctions apply to the sale, supply, transfer or procurement of military goods and
WMD-related goods, and to the sale, supply or transfer of luxury goods to or from as applicable:
a. the DPRK; or
b. any recipient in the DPRK; or
c. any entity or owned or controlled by the DPRK; or
d. any person acting on behalf of the DPRK or an entity owned or controlled by the DPRK.
4.3.3 The Regulations do not apply to a sale, supply, transfer or procurement that is authorized
in writing, by the Minister for Foreign Affairs.
4.3.4 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has issued an authorization under regulation 12(3) permit-
ting the use of aircraft to engage in conduct which assists, or results in, the sale, supply or trans-
fer of luxury goods, where these goods are:
a. reasonably necessary for the functioning of the DPRK Embassy in Canberra;
AUSTRALIA
b. are the personal effects of:

1. a diplomatic agent of the DPRK accredited to Australia; or
2. a citizen of the DPRK who is otherwise entitled to be accorded privileges and immuni-
ties under the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act 1967.
4.3.5 This authorization means that aircraft may carry, within Australia or to or from Australia,
luxury goods which are the personal effects of DPRK diplomats. However, it would not authorize
the carriage of luxury goods which, because of their nature or quantity, could not be considered
the personal effects of DPRK diplomats.
4.3.6 The authorization also covers luxury goods which are reasonably necessary for the func-
tioning of a citizen of the DPRK Embassy in Australia.
4.3.7 The Australian Government is recommending that Australians travelling to the DPRK
should familiarize themselves with the luxury goods restrictions. Australians travelling to the
DPRK are permitted to take items on the luxury goods list for personal use only (not for sale,
supply or transfer to others) during their visit.
4.4 DIT CONTACTS

4.4.1 This information is explanatory only and does not have the force of law or contain legal
advice. The Charter of the United Nations (Sanctions - Democratic People’s Republic of Korea)
Regulations 2006 contain the legally binding provisions governing the sanctions. This information
does not supplement or modify those regulations in any way. DFAT recommends persons consult
independent legal advice on the operation of the sanctions.
4.4.2 Further information is available from:
Transport Security Coordination Centre
Address: Office of Transport Security
Department of Infrastructure and Transport
GPO Box 594
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 1300 307 288 or +61 2 6274 8187 (outside Australia)
Fax: + 61 2 6274 6089
E-Mail: Transport.security@infrastructure.gov.au
4.5 LUXURY GOODS LIST 2006 UNDER REGULATION 19 OF THE

CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS (SANCTIONS – DEMOCRATIC
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA) REGULATIONS 2006. DATED: 22
DECEMBER 2006
a. Wine
b. Spirits (all kinds)
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c. Tobacco Products
d. Caviar
e. Crustaceans (all), e.g. rock lobsters
f. Abalone
g. Molluscs and aquatic invertebrates, e.g. oyster in any form
h. Automobiles and other vehicles to transport people
i. Yachts and pleasure craft
j. Perfumes and toilet waters
k. Cosmetics (all)
l. Furs
m. Silver
n. Gold
o. Jewelry
p. Precious and Semi Precious Stones (including diamonds and pearls)
q. Drinking glasses (lead crystal)
r. Works of Art (all)
s. Fountain Pens
t. Watches & Clocks
u. Carpets
v. Precious Metals
w. Leather travel goods, apparel and clothing accessories
x. Consumer Electronics (televisions, videos, DVD players, PDAs, laptops, MP3 players - and
any other relevant exports)
y. Photographic equipment
z. Electronic entertainment/software
aa. Sports Equipment
5 AUSTRALIAN SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN

5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.1.1 The purpose of this section is to inform all persons operating Australian aircraft of their
obligations under the Charter of the United Nations (Sanctions - Iran) Regulations 2007 (the Reg-
ulations) and recent amendments.
AUSTRALIA
5.2 BACKGROUND
5.2.1 On 23 December 2006 the United Nations (UN) Security Council unanimously adopted
Security Council Resolution 1737 (SCR 1737). On 24 March 2007 the UN Security Council adop-
ted Security Council Resolution 1747 (SCR 1747) imposing further sanctions on Iran.
5.2.2 SCR 1747 builds upon the sanctions imposed by SCR 1737 on 23 December 2006. SCR
1737 obliges member states, including Australia, to implement a range of trade and financial
sanctions against Iran. The purpose of the Regulations is to give effect to SCR 1737 and SCR
1747.
5.2.3 The amendments to the Regulations take effect on 15 May 2007, and specifically apply to
all aircraft registered in Australia under the Civil Aviation Act 1988, hereafter referred to as Aus-
tralian aircraft. The Regulations have extraterritorial operation and apply to all Australian aircraft
and their owners, pilots in command or operators. The Regulations also extend beyond aircraft
and apply broadly to conduct within Australia by any person or entity, as well as to the conduct of
Australian nationals and entities overseas (whether or not the aircraft is an Australian owned or
operated aircraft).
5.3 OBLIGATIONS
5.3.1 The Regulations impose specific obligations in relation to Australian aircraft. The owner,
pilot in command or operator of an Australian aircraft must not allow the aircraft to be used in a
way that results in, the supply, sale, or transfer of export controlled goods to, for the use in, or for
the benefit of Iran, or any recipient in Iran (Regulation 11(1)). In addition, the owner, pilot in com-
mand or operator of an Australian aircraft must not allow the aircraft to be used in a way that
results in, the procurement of WMD (Weapons of Mass Destruction) related goods or arms or
related material from Iran or from any person in Iran, regardless of whether the goods originated
in Iran (Regulation 12(1) and Regulation 12A). Further, Australians working on foreign owned or
operated aircraft must not engage in conduct which results in, the supply, sale, or transfer of
WMD-related goods to, for the use in or for the benefit of Iran, or any recipient in Iran (Regulation
7), or which results in, the procurement of WMD-related goods or arms or related material from
Iran or from any person in Iran, regardless of whether the goods originated in Iran (Regulation 10
and Regulation 10A).
5.3.2 The goods controlled in these regulations are those listed in UN Security Council docu-
ments S/2006/814 and S/2006/815 (referred to as WMD-related goods), arms or related material
as defined in the amended Regulations, and any other goods listed by the Minister for Foreign
Affairs from time to time under Regulation 18(1). Details are available on the Department of For-
eign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) website at http://www.dfat.gov.au/un/unsc_sanctions/iran.html.
5.3.3 The Regulations do not apply to a sale, supply, transfer or procurement that is authorized
in writing by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, or in relation to exports authorized by the Minister for
Defence under regulation 13E of the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958.
5.4 DIT CONTACTS

5.4.1 This information is explanatory only and does not have the force of law or contain legal
advice. The Charter of the United Nations (Sanctions - Iran) Regulations 2007 contain the legally
AUSTRALIA
binding provisions governing the sanctions. This information does not supplement or modify those
regulations in any way. DFAT recommends persons consult independent legal advice on the
operation of the sanctions.
5.4.2 Further information is available from:
Transport Security Coordination Centre
GPO Box 594
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 1300 307 288 or +61 2 6274 8187 (outside Australia)
Fax: + 61 2 6274 6089
E-Mail: Transport.security@infrastructure.gov.au
6 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES

6.1 GENERAL
6.1.1 The objectives of the air traffic services are to:
a. prevent collisions between aircraft;
b. prevent collisions between aircraft on the maneuvering area and obstructions on that area;
c. expedite and maintain an orderly flow of air traffic;
d. provide advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights; and
e. notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and
assist such organizations as required.
6.1.2 The air traffic services shall comprise three services identified as follows.
6.1.2.1 The air traffic control service, to accomplish objectives a., b. and c. of paragraph
6.1.1, this service being divided in three parts as follows:
a. Area Control Service the provision of air traffic control service for controlled flights, except
for those parts of such flights described in 6.1.2.1 b. and c., in order to accomplish objectives
a. and c. of 6.1.1;
b. Approach Control Service the provision of air traffic control service for those parts of con-
trolled flights associated with arrival or departure, in order to accomplish objectives a. and c.
of 6.1.1.
c. Aerodrome Control Service the provision of air traffic control service for aerodrome traffic,
except for those parts of flights described in 6.1.2.1 b., in order to accomplish objectives a.,
b. and c. of 6.1.1.
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6.1.2.2 The flight information service, to accomplish objective d. of paragraph 6.1.1.

6.1.2.3 The alerting service, to accomplish objective e. of paragraph 6.1.1.
6.1.3 An air traffic control service will be provided:
a. To all IFR flights in classes A, B, C, D and E airspace;
b. to all VFR flights in classes B, C and D airspace;
c. to all special VFR flights; and
d. to all aerodrome traffic at controlled aerodromes.
Furthermore, when requested, and as far as is practicable, ATC will provide VFR flights in Class
C airspace with a suggested course of action to avoid other VFR flights. Nothing in this provision
changes the responsibility of the pilot in command to see and avoid other aircraft (CAR 163A).
6.1.4 In providing an air traffic control service, an ATC unit will issue clearances and information
for the purposes of preventing collision between aircraft under its control and expediting and
maintaining an orderly flow of traffic.
6.1.5 Clearances issued by air traffic control units will provide separation:
a. between all flights in classes A and B airspace;
b. between IFR flights in classes C, D and E airspace;
c. between IFR flights and VFR flights in Class C airspace;
d. between IFR flights and special VFR flights; and
e. between special VFR flights when so prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority;
except that, when requested by an aircraft, and if so prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority
for the cases listed under b. above in classes D and E airspace, a flight may be cleared without
separation being so provided in respect of a specific portion of the flight conducted in VMC.
6.1.6 Hours of operation, services provided, and identification of ATS units are published in Air-
port Directory.
6.1.7 In some circumstances, a number of services may operate under a common call-sign and
can be on a common or separate frequency:
a. DELIVERY: used by the Airways Clearance Delivery (ACD) service when established on a
discrete frequency.
b. GROUND: used by Surface Movement Control and Apron Service (if provided by ATC) when
established on a discrete frequency. At some locations, this service also provides the Air-
ways Clearance Delivery service on the same frequency.
c. TOWER: the following services use this identification:
1. Aerodrome Control.
2. Aerodrome/Approach Control when combined.
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d. APPROACH: used by Approach Control (APP) service when established on a discrete fre-
quency or by Departure Control (DEP) when on the same frequency.
e. DEPARTURES: used by Departure Control (DEP) service when established on a discrete
frequency.
f. CENTER: used for Area Control (ACC) service, SIS and FIS.
7 REGULATION OF FLIGHT
7.1 ASSESSMENT OF PRIORITIES
7.1.1 ATC will regulate operations to minimize the possibility of conflict and, provided that safety
is in no way jeopardized, will apply priorities in the following order:
a. An aircraft in an emergency, including being subjected to unlawful interference, will be given
priority in all circumstances.
b. A multi-engine aircraft which has suffered the loss of an engine and has not been subject to
a SAR phase, or has not been considered under the provision of paragraph a. above, shall
be granted priority for landing.
c. An aircraft which has suffered radio communications failure will be granted priority for land-
ing.
d. An aircraft which has declared a mercy flight.
e. An aircraft participating in a Search and Rescue (SAR), Medical (MEDEVAC), Hospital Air-
craft (HOSP), or Fire and Flood Relief (FFR) flights shall be granted priority as necessary.
f. An aircraft operating under police call sign “POLAIR RED” or “FEDPOL RED” engaged in
operations where life is at risk.
g. An aircraft engaged in the personal transport of Heads of State or of Government, or other
selected dignitaries on official visits to Australia, or the personal transport of the Governor-
General or the Prime Minister.
h. A landing aircraft will have priority over a departing aircraft if the latter cannot take-off with
prescribed separation standards.
i. An aircraft landing or taking-off will be given priority over taxiing aircraft.
j. An aircraft which is first able to use the landing area or desired airspace in the normal
course of its operations, will be given priority except;
1. an RVSM-approved aircraft will be given priority for level requests between FL290 and
FL410 inclusive over aircraft not RVSM-approved;
2. within ATS surveillance system coverage, identified aircraft will be given priority over
non-identified aircraft;
3. when significant economic benefit would result for a number of other aircraft by defer-
ring this priority;
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4. that a flight desiring to operate in other than the normal pattern for operational reasons
will be given the same priority as other flights unless it involves a short-notice change
to a clearance already issued to another aircraft. In this case, permission to operate will
be deferred;
5. controllers may adjust priorities to consolidate a group of aircraft operating in other
than the normal pattern in order to minimize conflictions or simplify traffic management;
and
6. when prior arrangement has been made for aircraft engaged in navigation aids checks
and a priority predetermined with ATC.
7.1.2 Training flights will be given the same priority as other flights except that:
a. flights operating in the traffic pattern in general use will be given priority over flights desiring
to operate in conflicting patterns for training purposes;
b. when a training instrument approach is approved, priority will be given to that aircraft from
the time it commences its final approach until the approach is completed.
7.1.3 Notwithstanding paragraph 7.1.1 j., during periods when all requirements for operation in a
capital city civil CTR or the overlying control area cannot be accommodated, priority will be given
in the following order:
a. with equal status:
1. scheduled commercial air transport operations;
2. non-scheduled commercial air transport operations;
3. military aircraft (other than training flights);
4. aircraft engaged in the personal transport of:
– State Governors or the Administrator of the Northern Territory;
– State Premiers or Chief Ministers of Territories;
5. Medical Aircraft (HOSP) operations;
b. with equal status:
1. general aviation aircraft proceeding to a primary aerodrome;
2. military and civil training flights; and
c. other operations.
7.1.3.1 Notwithstanding the previous paragraph, at Sydney, the following order of priorities will
apply:
a. with equal status:
1. scheduled commercial air transport operations into and out of Sydney;
2. non-scheduled commercial air transport operations of BA146 and heavier types to and
from Sydney (Kingsford Smith) aerodrome;
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3. military aircraft, except training flights;

4. aircraft engaged in the personal transport of:
– State Governors or the Administrator of the Northern Territory;
– State Premiers or Chief Ministers of the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital
Territory;
5. Medical Aircraft (HOSP) operations;
b. all other non-scheduled commercial air transport operations proceeding to and from Sydney
(Kingsford Smith) or Sydney/Bankstown aerodromes not covered in paragraph a.(2) above,
excluding balloons;
c. with equal status:
1. general aviation aircraft proceeding to or from Sydney (Kingsford Smith) or Sydney/
Bankstown aerodromes;
2. military and civil training flights; and
d. other operations.
8 FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE (FIS)

8.1 PILOT RESPONSIBILITY
8.1.1 Pilots are responsible for obtaining information necessary to make operational decisions.
To ensure that accurate information is obtained in adequate time, pilots must take into considera-
tion that ATC initiated FIS is limited to aircraft within one hours flight time of the condition or desti-
nation at time of receipt of the information by ATC. The only exception to this is SIGMET informa-
tion, which shall cover a portion of the route up to two hours flying time ahead of the aircraft.
8.2 OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

8.2.1 Information about the operational aspects of the following subjects is normally available
from ATS:
a. meteorological conditions;
b. air routes and aerodromes, other than ALAs;
c. navigation aids;
d. communications facilities;
e. ATS procedures;
f. airspace status;
g. hazard alerts;
h. search and rescue services;
i. maps and charts; and
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j. regulations concerning entry, transit and departure for international flights.
8.3 PREFLIGHT INFORMATION (CAR 239)

8.3.1 Before beginning a flight, the pilot-in-command must study all available information appro-
priate to the intended operation. This requirement includes all Head Office and FIR NOTAM appli-
cable to the enroute phase of flight and location specific NOTAM for aerodromes.
8.3.2 The Preflight Briefing Service is primarily an automated service. Pilots are encouraged to
obtain preflight briefing, either via the self-help electronic systems or through the Briefing Offices.
8.3.3 For pilots who require an elaborative briefing, contact numbers for ATS and Bureau of
Meteorology Staff are available from the Briefing Offices.
8.3.4 Pilots must obtain an appropriate preflight briefing before departure from those places
where suitable facilities exist. Where suitable facilities are not available, a briefing may be
obtained from “FLIGHTWATCH” as soon as practicable after the flight commences. The informa-
tion requested should be confined to data considered essential for the safe conduct of the flight to
the first point of intended landing where additional information can be obtained.
8.3.5 Preflight briefing will not normally be provided on ATC communications channels.
8.4 INFLIGHT INFORMATION

8.4.1 The inflight information services are structured to support the responsibility of pilots to
obtain information inflight on which to base operational decisions relating to the continuation or
diversion of a flight. The service consists of three elements:
a. ATC Initiated FIS;
b. Automatic Broadcast Services; and
c. an On-Request Service.
8.5 ATC INITIATED FIS

8.5.1 ATC initiated FIS will include the provision of pertinent operational information such as:
a. meteorological conditions and the existence of non-routine MET products;
b. changes to air routes;
c. changes to serviceability of navigation facilities, e.g. RAIM;
d. change to serviceability of communications facilities;
e. changes in conditions of aerodromes and associated facilities;
f. change to ATS procedures;
g. changes to airspace status; and
h. information on unmanned free balloons (including “Operation Hibal” activities).
NOTE: Large helium-filled plastic balloons are launched periodically from various locations in
Australia by “Operation Hibal” or the Centre National D’Etudes Spatiales (CNES).
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8.5.2 When providing FIS, ATC will not alert pilots to the availability of aerodrome weather
reports that are available from an automatic broadcast service.
8.5.3 ATC will not use directed transmissions to disseminate amended ARFOR but will broad-
cast their availability on appropriate ATS frequencies. To ensure adequate dissemination the
broadcast will be repeated in the hour following the initial broadcast at H+15 and H+45.
8.5.4 A sudden change to a component of FIS, not described in a current MET product or
NOTAM, having an immediate and detrimental effect on the safety of an aircraft will be communi-
cated by ATC using the prefix “Hazard Alert”.
8.5.5 When a change is expected to be prolonged, ATC broadcasts prefixed “Hazard Alert” will
be repeated at H+15 and H+45 in the hour following the initial transmissions. These broadcasts
will normally cease after one hour or after an updated MET product or NOTAM is available for
dissemination, whichever is earlier.
8.6 AUTOMATIC BROADCAST SERVICES

8.6.1 The automatic broadcast services consist of:
a. Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS);
b. Automatic Enroute Information Service (AERIS);
c. Automatic Weather Information Service (AWIS); and
d. Meteorological information for aircraft in flight (VOLMET).
8.7 ATIS
8.7.1 At aerodromes where ATIS is provided, the normal operational information required by air-
craft prior to take-off or landing is broadcast automatically and continuously either on a discrete
frequency or on the voice channel of one or more radio navigation aids. The broadcast may be
pre-recorded or computerized.
8.7.2 When control zones are deactivated, the ATIS may be used to broadcast operational infor-
mation of an unchanging nature. This information may include the CTAF, PAL frequency, prefer-
red runways and noise abatement procedures. It may also include the expected reopening time of
the tower. Pilots are encouraged to monitor the ATIS outside the normal hours of the tower.
8.7.3 The following information is transmitted on the ATIS:
– (aerodrome) TERMINAL INFORMATION (code letter ALPHA, BRAVO, etc, as assigned to
each separately prepared transmission. “ZULU” is not used)
– TIME (hh mm UTC)
Time of observations, if appropriate]
– Type of approach expectation; e.g., “EXPECT ILS APPROACH”, etc
– One runway in use:
RUNWAY (number), [DAMP] [WET] [WATER PATCHES] [FLOODED] (if applicable)
– or –
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– More than one runway in use:

RUNWAY/S (number/s) AND (number/s) FOR ARRIVALS, RUNWAY/S (number/s) AND
(number/s) FOR DEPARTURES [DAMP] [WET] [WATER PATCHES] [FLOODED] (if applica-
ble)
Holding delay, if appropriate; e.g., “... MINUTES HOLDING MAY BE EXPECTED”, etc
(when being used) LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS IN PROGRESS, LOW VISIBIL-
ITY PROCEDURES IN PROGRESS
CURFEW RUNWAY NOMINATION (when runway/s nominated due to Noise Abatement legis-
lation and the crosswind and/or downwind component is in excess of that specified in NOMINA-
TION OF RUNWAYS paragraph in DEPARTURE, APPROACH AND LANDING PROCE-
DURES)
WIND ... / ...
– WIND DIRECTION quoted as either:
a. SINGLE MEAN DIRECTION
b. TWO VALUES representing variation in wind direction will be given whenever:
1. the extremes in wind direction vary by 60 degrees or more, or
2. the variation is considered to be operationally significant (e.g., the variation is less
than 60 degrees, but the variation from the mean results in either a downwind and/or
significant crosswind component on a nominated runway)
c. VARIABLE will be used when the reporting of a mean wind direction is not possible, such
as:
1. in light wind conditions (3 kt or less) or
2. the wind is veering or backing by 180 degrees or more (e.g., passage of thunder-
storms, or localized wind effect).
– WIND SPEED quoted as either:
a. CALM (less than 1 kt, e.g., “WIND CALM”)
b. SINGLE MEAN VALUE whenever the extremes between minimum and maximum are 10
kt or less (e.g., “WIND 250 DEGREES, 25 KNOTS”)
c. TWO VALUES REPRESENTING MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM VALUES whenever the
extremes in wind vary by more than 10 kt (e.g., “WIND 250 DEGREES MINIMUM 15
KNOTS, MAXIMUM 28 KNOTS”).
NOTE: When quoting a wind with variations in speed and direction, the above criteria may
be varied in order to indicate the true crosswind and/or downwind.
Where threshold wind analyzers are installed and the wind at the threshold of a duty runway
varies from that of the central wind analyzer or the threshold wind on the other duty runway by
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the criteria specified for the revision of ATIS, threshold winds may be broadcast on the ATIS;
e.g., THRESHOLD WIND RUNWAY (number) ... / ..., RUNWAY (number) ... /...
– VISIBILITY (distance is reported as appropriate:
a. >10km – “GREATER THAN WUN ZERO KILOMETERS” or actual distance “... KILOME-
TERS”
b. Greater than 5km and up to and including 10km – “... KILOMETERS”;
c. Up to and including 5000m – “... METERS”; and
d. between 1500m and 800m – RVR may be reported; 800m or less – RVR will be reported.
Multiple RVR observations are always representative of the touchdown zone, midpoint zone,
and the roll-out/stop end zone, respectively.
– PRESENT WEATHER (as applicable; e.g., showers in area)
– or –
– CAVOK
– CLOUD (below 5000 ft or below MSA, whichever is greater; cumulonimbus, if applicable; if the
sky is obscured, vertical visibility when available).
– TEMPERATURE
– QNH
– Any available information on significant meteorological phenomena in the approach, take-off
and climb-out.
– Advice on hazard alert information including unauthorized laser illumination events.
*ON FIRST CONTACT WITH (e.g., GROUND, TOWER, APPROACH) NOTIFY RECEIPT OF
(code letter of the ATIS broadcast).
*This contact information may not be transmitted when recording space is limiting.
8.7.4 At locations where runway threshold wind analyzers are installed, a tower controller must
provide a departing aircraft with the wind at the upwind end of the runway if it varies from that
broadcast on the ATIS by 10 degrees or 5 knots or more, and the variation is anticipated to con-
tinue for more than 15 minutes. Such information shall be passed by use of the phrase, “WIND AT
UPWIND END ... / ...”.
8.7.5 Wind Shear
When moderate, strong or severe wind shear has been reported on the approach or take-off
paths, or has been forecast, the information will be included on the ATIS in the following format;
e.g.:
a. WIND SHEAR WARNING — BOEING 737 [(wake turbulence category) CATEGORY AIR-
CRAFT (if military CATIS)] REPORTED MODERATE OVERSHOOT WIND SHEAR ON
APPROACH RUNWAY 34 AT TIME 0920, (plus, if available, wind shear advice issued by
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MET; e.g.: FORECAST WIND AT 300 FEET ABOVE GROUND LEVEL 360 DEGREES 45
KNOTS); or
b. WIND SHEAR WARNING — AIRBUS A320 [(wake turbulence category) CATEGORY AIR-
CRAFT (if military CATIS)] REPORTED STRONG WIND SHEAR LOST 20 KNOTS AIR-
SPEED BETWEEN 300 FEET AND 600 FEET ON DEPARTURE RUNWAY 19 AT TIME
0640; or
c. PROBABLE VERTICAL WIND SHEAR FROM 0415 TO 0430 — FORECAST WIND AT 200
FEET ABOVE GROUND LEVEL 110 DEGREES 50 KNOTS.
8.8 AERIS
8.8.1 The Automatic Enroute Information Service continuously broadcasts routine meteorologi-
cal reports (METAR) from a network of VHF transmitters installed around Australia.
8.8.2 The information broadcast on the individual transmitters caters primarily for the needs of
aircraft operating in control areas within VHF range of the facility.
8.8.3 The network frequencies and the operational information menus are contained in METE-
OROLOGY REPORTS AND ADVISORIES.
8.9 AERODROME WEATHER INFORMATION SERVICE (AWIS) AND

WEATHER AND TERMINAL INFORMATION RECITER (WATIR)
8.9.1 AWIS and WATIR provide actual weather conditions, via telephone and broadcast, from
sites which use Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) AWS equipment, or other AWSs that have met
BoM standards for acceptance into its network. AWIS provides information from the AWS. WATIR
provides the AWS information with additional terminal information from the airport operator.
8.9.2 More detail on AWIS and WATIR is contained in METEOROLOGY REPORTS AND ADVI-
SORIES.
8.10 VOLMET
8.10.1 VOLMET broadcasts, prefixed by the designator “VOLMET”, provide meteorological
information for Australian major international aerodromes and Townsville.
8.10.2 Information on VOLMET is contained in METEOROLOGY REPORTS AND ADVISO-
RIES.
8.11 ON REQUEST SERVICE – ATC AND FLIGHTWATCH

8.11.1 An On-Request FIS is available to aircraft in all classes of airspace on ATC VHF or HF
(Domestic and International) frequencies.
8.11.2 Pilots must prefix any request for FIS on ATC VHF frequencies with the callsign of the
appropriate ATC unit and the generic callsign “FLIGHTWATCH”, e.g. “MELBOURNE CENTRE
FLIGHTWATCH REQUEST ACTUAL WEATHER (location)”.
8.11.3 Due to workload considerations, ATC may re-direct pilot requests for FIS to an alternative
VHF frequency or Flightwatch HF.
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8.11.4 When operating on Domestic HF (callsign “FLIGHTWATCH”) and International HF (call-

sign “BRISBANE”), pilots must include the frequency on which they are calling, e.g. “(FLIGHT-
WATCH or BRISBANE), ROMEO JULIET DELTA, SIX FIVE FOUR ONE, REQUEST ACTUAL
WEATHER (location)”.
8.11.5 Information will be provided in an abbreviated form, paraphrased into brief statements of
significance. The full text of messages will be provided on request.
8.12 WEATHER RADAR

8.12.1 Weather radar data derived from BoM radar sites is displayed at various ATS working
positions by means of a PC-based system known within Airservices as METRAD, and within the
military as RAPIC.
8.12.2 METRAD / RAPIC images are not ‘real time’, but are the results of a ten minute update
cycle. The most effective range of the radars is up to 75 NM.
8.12.3 Weather radar sites, which may be utilized by ATS, are shown below. Weather radar
information within 75 NM of radar sites is available to pilots, subject to ATS workload, on request
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METEOROLOGY– Weather Watch Radars and AWIS Sites
8.12.4 When providing METRAD / RAPIC information to pilots, ATS officers will use the prefix
“MET RADAR DISPLAY INDICATES . .”.
8.13 TRAFFIC INFORMATION

8.13.1 A traffic information service will be provided, where applicable, depending on higher pri-
ority duties of the controller or other limitations; e.g., surveillance limitations, volume of traffic, fre-
quency congestion, or controller workload. Traffic information does not relieve pilots of their
responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft. Pilots are cautioned that there are many times when
the controller is not able to give traffic information concerning all traffic in the aircraft’s proximity;
in other words, when a pilot requests or is receiving traffic information, he/she should not assume
that all traffic will be issued.
8.13.2 Traffic information may be based on:
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a. visual observation;
b. identified and non-identified aircraft targets on an ATC situation display; or
c. verbal reports from pilots or other facilities.
8.14 TRAFFIC INFORMATION IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

8.14.1 In controlled airspace when a separation standard does not exist, ATC will provide traffic
information to the aircraft concerned when, in the opinion of the Air Traffic Controller, the informa-
tion is warranted by the proximity of the aircraft.
8.14.2 The traffic information provided will contain as much information as is known and is nec-
essary to assist the pilot in identifying the other aircraft; e.g.:
a. type;
b. altitude;
c. position, either by clock reference, bearing and distance, relation to a geographical point or
reported position and estimate;
d. intentions or direction of flight.
8.14.3 ATC will provide relevant traffic information to aerodrome traffic to enable pilots, while
complying with ATC instructions, to maintain separation from other aircraft.
8.14.4 At military aerodromes traffic conditions may preclude the transmission of a complete
traffic information service to individual aircraft.
8.15 TRAFFIC INFORMATION IN CLASS G AIRSPACE

8.15.1 In Class G airspace, a traffic information service is provided to IFR flights about other
conflicting IFR and observed VFR flights. MLJ flights are considered to be IFR for traffic purposes
regardless of flight planned category. Services provided may be based on ATS surveillance
system data where coverage exists.
8.15.1.1 An IFR flight reporting taxiing or airborne at a non-towered aerodrome will be advised
of conflicting IFR traffic which is not on the CTAF.
8.15.1.2 An IFR flight inbound to a non-towered aerodrome will be advised of conflicting IFR
traffic. The ATS obligation to provide the pilot with traffic information ceases when the pilot reports
changing to the CTAF.
8.15.1.3 Traffic information will continue to be provided about an IFR flight following cancellation
of its SARWATCH, until expiry of the flights ETA. Traffic information may be provided to an IFR
pilot who has cancelled SARWATCH where workload and communications permit.
8.15.2 In accordance with the preceding paragraphs, traffic information will be provided to IFR
flights when:
a. requested;
b. notifying intention to change level;
c. reporting either taxiing or airborne or departure, whichever is first; or
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d. the ATS officer becomes aware of conflicting traffic.

8.15.3 Pilots of IFR flights should advise ATS of the call--sign(s) of relevant IFR traffic, previ-
ously intercepted, to avoid receiving the same traffic information from ATS.
8.15.4 Traffic information will be provided in accordance with the preceding paragraphs when-
ever there is a possibility of confliction between aircraft in the following situations:
a. aircraft that climb, descend or operate with less than 1,000 ft vertical spacing and less than
15 NM lateral or longitudinal spacing;
b. overtaking or opposite direction aircraft on the same or reciprocal tracks with less than 1,000
ft vertical spacing and less than 10 minutes longitudinal spacing based on pilot estimates;
c. more than one aircraft arriving at, or departing from, the same aerodrome with less than 10
minutes between arrival and/or departure and falling within these guidelines.
8.15.5 When the traffic assessment is based entirely on the use of an ATS surveillance system,
traffic information will be provided when, in the opinion of the controller, it is warranted by the
proximity of the aircraft to each other.
8.15.6 Having regard to sub-paras 8.15.4 a. and b. above, traffic information will be based on
aircraft having less than 2,000 ft vertical spacing:
a. in areas where severe turbulence has been reported,
b. where aircraft are operating above FL290,
c. due to different altimetry rules, at some oceanic limits of Australian FIRs.
8.15.7 Traffic information will include relevant factors from the following:
a. the identification of the conflicting aircraft;
b. the aircraft type;
c. route of the aircraft;
d. the last position report received from the aircraft;
e. intentions of the pilot (if known), and, as required;
f. the aircraft’s initial departure track and intended cruising level;
g. inbound track or direction, level and next estimate; and
h. any other data which may enhance the value of the information.
8.15.8 Pilots intercepting broadcasts from aircraft in their vicinity which are considered to be in
potential conflict with their own aircraft must acknowledge intercept by transmitting own call sign
and, as appropriate, aircraft type, position, actual level and intentions.
8.15.9 Traffic information in respect of military aircraft operating on LJRs may refer to the flight
as “military low jet operations”.
8.15.10 When an aircraft is instructed by an ATS unit to standby for traffic, the pilot should con-
tinue to monitor the frequency until traffic information is received.
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8.16 SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION SERVICE (SIS) TO VFR FLIGHTS IN

CLASS E AND CLASS G AIRSPACE
8.16.1 SIS is available, on request, to VFR flights in classes E and G airspace within ATS sur-
veillance system coverage, subject to ATC workload. The SIS is available to improve situational
awareness and assist pilots in avoiding collisions with other aircraft.
8.16.2 Pilots wishing to receive a SIS must be in direct VHF communications with ATC and
equipped with a serviceable SSR transponder or ADS–B transmitter.
8.16.3 VFR pilots receiving a SIS will be provided with traffic information and, upon request,
position or navigation information.
NOTE: All information is advisory in nature, and the pilot remains responsible for the safe opera-
tion of the aircraft. Terrain clearance, aircraft-to-aircraft separation, and obtaining clearances into
controlled airspace remain pilot responsibilities.
8.16.4 Pilots of VFR flights receiving a SIS will be provided with information about ATS surveil-
lance system observed traffic. However, due to the nature and type of ATS surveillance system
coverage, not all aircraft will be detected, and not all aircraft are equipped with a SSR transponder
or ADS–B transmitter. Consequently, traffic information provided by ATC may be incomplete.
Pilots must comply with the see-and-avoid requirements of CAR163A.
8.16.5 ATC will provide an alerting service for flights receiving a SIS.
8.16.6 On initial contact with ATC, the pilot must advise the ATS surveillance service required
and, if an ongoing service is requested, include the phrase “REQUEST FLIGHT FOLLOWING”.
8.16.7 When ATC respond to this request, the pilot must advise position, level, and intentions.
8.16.8 The SIS commences on ATC notification of identification, and ATC may also assign a
specific transponder code prior to, or during, the provision of the SIS.
8.16.9 If ATC are unable to provide a SIS, the pilot will be advised “SURVEILLANCE SERVICE
NOT AVAILABLE”. Requests for emergency assistance should be prefixed by “MAYDAY” (three
times) or “PAN PAN” (three times), and will receive priority.
NOTE: Many factors, such as the limitations of radar and ADS–B, volume of traffic, ATC workload
and frequency congestion may prevent ATC from providing surveillance service. The reason for
not providing or continuing to provide the service in a particular case is not subject to question,
nor need it be communicated to the pilot.
8.16.10 If, following a request for a SIS, a request for flight following is not made, and the
requested information has been provided to the pilot, ATC will advise “IDENTIFICATION TERMI-
NATED” to indicate that the surveillance service is terminated.
NOTE: When ATS surveillance services to VFR flights are terminated, pilots should monitor the
ATS frequency appropriate to their area of operation.
8.16.11 If the pilot has requested flight following, the SIS will be provided on an ongoing basis,
and generally limited to within the controller’s area of responsibility. However, the SIS may be ter-
minated at any time by the controller, or by pilot advice.
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8.16.12 Whilst receiving a SIS, the pilot must:

a. maintain a continuous listening watch with ATC and advise prior to leaving the frequency;
and
b. advise ATC prior to any changes to track or level.
8.16.13 Approaching the boundary of the controller’s area of responsibility, the pilot will gener-
ally be advised “IDENTIFICATION TERMINATED, FREQUENCY CHANGE APPROVED”. If a
continued service is requested, the pilot must advise “REQUEST HAND-OFF FOR FLIGHT FOL-
LOWING” and, subject to the approval of the adjacent ATC unit, the pilot will be instructed to
change frequency for continuation of the SIS.
9 TRAFFIC INFORMATION BROADCASTS BY AIRCRAFT (TIBA)

9.1 TIBA PROCEDURES
9.1.1 TIBA procedures are intended to permit reports and relevant supplementary information of
an advisory nature to be transmitted by pilots for the information of pilots of other aircraft in the
vicinity.
9.2 FREQUENCY
9.2.1 Aircraft must maintain a listening watch on the appropriate TIBA frequency. Where VHF is
used for air-ground communications with ATS and an aircraft has two serviceable VHF sets, one
must be tuned to the appropriate ATS frequency and the other to the TIBA frequency.
9.2.2 The appropriate TIBA frequencies are:
a. at or above FL200, 128.95 MHz;
b. below FL200:
1. In Class G airspace other than in oceanic areas, the FIA frequency;
2. otherwise 126.35 MHz.
9.3 LISTENING WATCH

9.3.1 A listening watch must be maintained on the TIBA frequency 10 minutes before entering
the designated airspace until leaving this airspace. For an aircraft taking off from an aerodrome
located within 10 minutes flying time of that airspace, listening watch must start as soon as practi-
cable after takeoff.
9.4 TIME OF BROADCASTS

9.4.1 Broadcasts must be made:
a. 10 minutes before entering the designated airspace or, for an aircraft taking off from an aero-
drome located within 10 minutes flying time of the airspace, as soon as practicable after
takeoff;
b. 10 minutes prior to crossing a reporting point;
c. 10 minutes prior to crossing or joining an ATS contingency route;
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d. at 20 minute intervals between distant reporting points;

e. 2 to 5 minutes, where possible, before a change in flight level;
f. at the time of a change in flight level; and
g. at any other time considered necessary by the pilot.
9.5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF BROADCASTS

9.5.1 Broadcasts should not be acknowledged unless a potential collision risk exists.
9.6 CHANGES OF CRUISING LEVEL

9.6.1 Cruising level changes should not be made within the designated airspace unless consid-
ered necessary by the pilots to avoid traffic conflicts, for weather avoidance, or for other valid
operational reasons.
9.6.2 When changes to cruising level are unavoidable, all available aircraft lighting which would
improve the visual detection of the aircraft must be displayed while changing levels.
9.6.3 When a change of level is anticipated or initiated, a change of level report must be made.
When the new level is reached, a report advising that the aircraft is maintaining the new level
must be made.
9.7 COLLISION AVOIDANCE

9.7.1 If on receipt of a traffic information broadcast from another aircraft, a pilot decides that
immediate action is necessary to avoid an imminent collision risk to the aircraft, and this cannot
be achieved in accordance with the right of way provisions or TCAS resolution, the pilot should:
a. unless an alternative maneuver appears more appropriate, immediately descend 1000 ft if
above FL410, or 500 ft if at or below FL410;
b. display all available aircraft lighting which would improve visual detection of the aircraft;
c. as soon as possible, reply to the broadcast advising action being taken;
d. notify the action taken on the appropriate TIBA frequency; and
e. as soon as practicable, resume normal flight level, notifying the action taken on the appropri-
ate TIBA frequency.
9.7.2 NAS Implementation Stage 2B, Operation “Lights On” encourages pilots to turn on exter-
nal aircraft lights when operating below 10,000 feet, day or night, to enhance the see-and-avoid
concept.
All pilots are encouraged to participate in this voluntary safety program, unless operating condi-
tions warrant turning lights off (e.g., strobes should be off when in the clouds; strobes and landing
lights should be off when clear of the runway so as not to blind ground personnel or other pilots).
External aircraft lights should be turned on when operating on the ground or in flight below 10,000
feet; especially when operating within 10 nautical miles of any aerodrome or in conditions of
reduced visibility.
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Though Operation “Lights On” enhances the “see and be seen” concept, pilots should not become
complacent about keeping a sharp lookout for other aircraft. Adopting “Lights On” procedures
does not reduce pilots’ responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft (CAR 163A).
9.8 POSITION REPORTING

9.8.1 Normal position reporting procedures should be continued at all times, regardless of any
action taken to initiate or acknowledge a traffic information broadcast.
9.8.2 A position report must be made on the next CTA/FIA frequency 15 minutes prior to leaving
the airspace in which TIBA procedures apply, to obtain a clearance or re-establish SARWATCH,
on the appropriate ATS frequency.
10 INFORMATION BY PILOTS
10.1 A pilot-in-command becoming aware of any irregularity of operation of any navigational or
communications facility or service or other hazard to navigation must report the details as soon as
practicable. Reports must be made to the appropriate ATS unit, except that defects or hazards on
a landing area must be reported to the person or authority granting use of the area.
10.2 When a landing is made on a water-affected runway, the pilot is requested to advise ATS
of the extent of water on the runway and the braking characteristics experienced.
10.2.1 The following terms should be used to describe water on a runway:
DAMP — The surface shows a change of color due to moisture;
WET — The surface is soaked but there is not standing water;
WATER PATCHES — Patches of standing water are visible;
FLOODED — Extensive standing water is visible.
10.2.2 The following terms should be used to describe braking characteristics experienced:
GOOD — Pilots should not expect to find the conditions as good as when operating on a dry
runway but should not experience any directional control or braking difficulties because of runway
conditions;
MEDIUM — Braking action may be such that the achievement of a satisfactory landing or acceler-
ate-stop performance, taking into account the prevailing circumstances, depends on precise han-
dling techniques;
POOR — There may be a significant deterioration both in braking performance and directional
control.
10.3 During the bush fire danger period, pilots-in-command of aircraft should notify the nearest
ATS unit promptly of any evidence of bush fires observed, which they believe have not been pre-
viously reported.
10.4 Australian Customs and Border Protection (Customs) is the government civil surveillance
organization which coordinates aerial patrols of border and offshore areas to detect breaches of
Customs, Fisheries, Quarantine and Immigration legislation.
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10.4.1 Pilots are invited to assist Customs by reporting activities which appear to warrant
recording or investigation. Reports should be made to the in-contact ATS unit. Observations war-
ranting a report include:
a. observed marine pollution (including oil slicks);
b. shipping abnormalities;
c. other unusual activities within approximately 300 NM of the coastline;
d. suspicious activities of unidentified itinerant aircraft, especially if there is a suggestion that
they are travelling from or to an overseas destination;
e. aircraft signalling the ground or dropping objects;
f. aircraft operating at night without navigation lights;
g. aircraft operating from non-aerodrome sites or unexplained or unusual activity at aero-
dromes or remote strips;
h. possible illegal fishing within the 200 NM fishing zone;
i. possible smuggling of drugs or other prohibited goods;
j. possible illegal immigrants entering Australia;
k. unauthorized landings by sea or air;
l. threats to the well being of the Great Barrier Reef or other environmentally significant areas;
and
m. unusual activities in remote areas.
10.4.2 Such reports should be elaborated on at debriefing.
10.5 Observed volcanic activity must be included in an AIREP.
10.6 All air crews are to report immediately by radio to the appropriate ATC facility, any inci-
dents of unauthorized laser illumination. Reports should include event position, altitude, color of
laser beam(s), originating direction and position, and any other relevant information deemed nec-
essary for ATC and law enforcement action.
10.6.1 Air crews flying in Class G airspace are also requested to immediately broadcast a gen-
eral laser illumination caution on the appropriate CTAF. This general caution should include the
following elements:
Phrase “UNAUTHORIZED LASER ILLUMINATION EVENT(s) HAS/HAVE BEEN REPORTED”
(general positional information including location and altitude)
11 ALERTING SERVICE
11.1 An Alerting service will be provided:
a. for all aircraft provided with air traffic control service;
b. in so far as practicable, to all other aircraft having filed a flight plan or otherwise known to the
air traffic services; and
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c. to any aircraft known or believed to be the subject of unlawful interference.
12 SAFETY ALERTS AND AVOIDING ACTION

12.1 INTRODUCTION
ATC will issue a Safety Alert to aircraft, in all classes of airspace, when they become aware that
an aircraft is in a situation that is considered to place it in unsafe proximity to:
a. terrain;
b. obstruction;
c. active restricted or prohibited areas; or
d. other aircraft.
12.1.2 In surveillance coverage ATC will issue avoiding action advice to an aircraft as a priority,
when they become aware that an aircraft is in a situation that is considered to place it at risk of a
collision with another aircraft.
12.1.3 ATC will not issue a Safety Alert or avoiding action advice when the pilot has already
advised action is being taken to resolve the situation or has reported the other aircraft in sight.
12.1.4 ATC will prefix advice to turn or change level with “suggest” unless the alerts are for con-
trolled flights.
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AIRSPACE ORGANIZATION
1 CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
1.1 GENERAL
1.1.1 Controlled airspace is defined as “airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic
control services are provided to IFR flights and to VFR flights in accordance with the airspace
classification”.
1.1.2 Controlled airspace is a generic term which, in Australia, covers ATS airspace classes A,
C, D and E.
1.1.3 Controlled airspace is established generally on the basis of traffic density, substantial RPT
turbojet operations, and considerations of flight procedures. Such airspace does not necessarily
cover routes to alternate aerodromes.
1.1.4 Controlled airspace within the Brisbane and Melbourne FIRs is generally established as
follows:
CLASS OF
APPLICATION
AIRSPACE
– within radar coverage - lower limit above FL180 and upper limit FL600;
– outside radar coverage - lower limit FL245 and upper limit FL600;
Class A – an area extending from 90 NM south of Melbourne to Launceston and Ho-
bart, lower limit of FL180 and upper limit FL600; and
– active military Restricted areas above FL285.
– within radar coverage south of Sydney, lower limit FL125 and upper limit
FL180 under Class A airspace;
– in the control area steps associated with controlled aerodromes, excluding
Class C control area steps classified as Class D airspace;
– in control zones of defined dimensions; and
– active military Restricted areas at and below FL285 unless specified other-
wise.
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CLASS OF
APPLICATION
AIRSPACE
Control zones of defined dimensions, and associated control area steps, upper
Class D
limit 4500 ft.
– within radar coverage:
• south of Sydney, lower limit 8500 ft and upper limit FL125 under Class C
airspace;
• north of Sydney, lower limit 8500 ft and upper limit FL180 under Class A
airspace;
– in the vicinity of Williamtown/Newcastle: coincident with the lateral limits of
R578A–E above A045 – when R578 is not active;
Class E
– outside radar coverage within continental Australia, lower limit FL180 and up-
per limit FL245 under Class A airspace;
– an area extending from 90 NM south of Melbourne to Launceston and Ho-
bart, lower limit FL125 and upper limit FL180 under Class A airspace; and
– in two corridors: Sydney to Dubbo, lower limit FL125 and upper limit FL180;
and Melbourne to Mildura, lower limit FL125 and upper limit FL180, under en-
route Class E airspace.
1.1.5 Operations in control areas and zones must be conducted in accordance with the pub-
lished procedures and requirements for that specific airspace and air traffic clearances. Special
procedures may also be specified for an aerodrome within a control zone.
1.1.6 The extent of controlled airspace is depicted on Enroute/Area charts and may be promul-
gated by NOTAM or AIP Supplements.
1.1.7 When ATS airspaces adjoin vertically (one above the other), flights at the common level
must comply with the requirements of, and will be given services applicable to, the less restrictive
class of airspace. In applying these criteria, Class C airspace is considered less restrictive than
Class A airspace; Class D airspace is considered less restrictive than Class C airspace, etc.
NOTE: Super, Heavy or Medium Wake Turbulence category aircraft may be operating at the base
and near the boundaries of controlled airspace. Aircraft operating in Class G airspace in the vicin-
ity of controlled airspace may be affected by wake turbulence from aircraft operating within con-
trolled airspace.
When airspace classes adjoin laterally, flights at the common boundary will be given services
applicable to the lower class of airspace (where A is the highest and G is the lowest).
1.2 CONTROL AREAS

1.2.1 A control area (CTA) is defined as “a controlled airspace extending upwards from a speci-
fied limit above the earth”. Control areas normally operate continuously. Areas identified by the
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word NOTAM may be activated, or additional areas may be established to meet temporary
requirements, by the issuance of a NOTAM or AIP Supplement (SUP).
1.3 CONTROL ZONE

1.3.1 A control zone (CTR) is defined as a controlled airspace extending upwards from the sur-
face of the earth to a specified upper limit. CTRs surround controlled aerodromes and are desig-
nated as follows:
a. Civil CTR — A CTR administered by a civil air navigation service provider, other than a mili-
tary CTR. Class C or Class D procedures and services apply.
b. Military CTR — A CTR administered by the Australian Defense Force. Class C procedures
and services apply to civil flights.
1.3.2 CTRs are active during the hours of the operation of the control tower as published in Air-
port Directory or as varied by NOTAM.
NOTE: MIL CTRs may be activated at short notice. Pilots should plan their operations on the
basis that CTRs are active unless advised to the contrary.
1.4 AUTHORIZATION OF CIVIL FLIGHTS IN MILITARY CTRs AND OTHER

MILITARY ADMINISTERED AIRSPACE
1.4.1 Civil flights in Military CTRs and other military administered airspace may be authorized
subject to military activity, weather and any special procedures for the control of civil aircraft which
have been published.
1.4.2 In accordance with CAR 92 (1) (c), pilots must obtain prior permission from the appropriate
military authority before landing at any military aerodrome (see Airport Directory). This does not
apply to joint-user aerodromes; Darwin and Townsville.
1.5
1.5 RELEASE OF CONTROL AREAS, CONTROL ZONES AND MILITARY
RESTRICTED AREAS
1.5.1 Control Areas and Control Zones (civil or military), either wholly or in part, may be
released to another ATS unit (civil or military). The airspace remains active and a clearance is
required to enter.
1.5.2 The responsibility for a Military Restricted Area, either wholly or in part, may be transferred
to a civil ATS unit. The released airspace remains active and a clearance or approval, as appro-
priate, is required to enter.
The service provided to aircraft within released airspace will be:
a. for Restricted Areas — in accordance with the established airspace classification depicted
on AIP MAP or in DAH (i.e., the airspace classification when the PRD is not active).
b. For control areas or control zones — in accordance with the airspace classification for the
airspace when it is active.
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1.5.4 ATC will advise pilots of the level of service they will receive when granting approval or
clearance to enter a released area from Class E or G airspace, or if the level of service will be in
accordance with Class E or G within the released area.
2 PROVISION OF SEPARATION IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 In Class A airspace, IFR flights only are permitted. All flights are provided with an air traffic
control service and are separated from each other.
2.1.2 In Class C airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted. All flights are provided with an air
traffic control service and IFR flights are separated from other IFR, Special VFR, and VFR flights.
VFR flights are separated from IFR flights and receive traffic information in respect of other VFR
flights. Special VFR flights are separated from other Special VFR flights when visibility is less than
VMC.
2.1.3 In Class D airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted and all flights are provided with an
air traffic control service. IFR flights are separated from other IFR and Special VFR flights, and
receive traffic information in respect of VFR flights. VFR flights receive traffic information in
respect of all other flights. Special VFR flights are separated from other Special VFR flights when
visibility is less than VMC.
2.1.4 In Class E airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted. IFR flights are provided with an air
traffic control service, are separated from other IFR flights, and receive traffic information on VFR
flights as far as is practicable. VFR flights, within coverage, receive a Surveillance Information
Service (SIS) on request.
2.1.5 At controlled aerodromes, ATC provides runway separation to all aircraft.
2.1.6 Flight at the common vertical or lateral boundary between airspace classes will receive
services in accordance with the airspace of lower alphabetical categorisation (where Class A is
the highest and Class G is the lowest).
2.2 SPECIAL PROVISIONS

2.2.1 Notwithstanding the general provisions of the previous paragraph, the following also apply:
a. The separation of aircraft taxiing on the maneuvering area (which does not include apron
and parking areas) is a joint pilot and controller responsibility. The pilot must maintain sepa-
ration while complying with clearances and instructions.
b. In the traffic circuit, pilots are required to position their aircraft in such a manner that, while
complying with clearances and instructions from ATC, they maintain the necessary separa-
tion from other traffic.
c. Separation is not normally provided within a training area in controlled airspace.
d. Under certain conditions, the pilot of one aircraft may be given the responsibility for separa-
tion with other aircraft. In this circumstance:
1. the pilot is also responsible for the provision of wake turbulence separation;
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2. the pilot must advise ATC when he/she is unable to maintain, or has lost, sight of the
other aircraft;
3. where an aircraft has been instructed to maintain separation from, or pass behind, an
IFR aircraft, ATC will issue traffic information to the pilot of the IFR aircraft, including
advice that responsibility for separation has been assigned to the other aircraft; and
4. aircraft flying in formation will not be provided with separation with respect to other air-
craft of the same formation, including take off and landing.
5. aircraft flying as part of an in--company flight will not be provided with separation with
respect to other aircraft of the same in--company flight whilst airborne. Runway separa-
tion will continue to be provided.
NOTE: A group of civil aircraft conducting the same flight (e.g. an air safari), which require
the aircraft to operate at separation distances greater than those specified for formation
flights will be considered to be separate aircraft when applying separation.
3 CLASS G AIRSPACE
3.1 FLIGHT INFORMATION AREAS
3.1.1 Non-controlled airspace in the Brisbane FIR and Melbourne FIR is classified as Class “G”
airspace.
3.1.2 North of 65° South, Class “G” airspace is divided into designated Flight Information Areas
(FIAs) within which a Flight Information Service (FIS) and SAR alerting services are provided by
an ATS unit.
3.1.3 On and north of 65° South, in Class “G” airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted. IFR
flights receive traffic information and a flight information service. VFR flights receive a flight infor-
mation service and may receive a surveillance information service if requested (ATC workload
permitting).
3.1.4 South of 65° South, in Class “G” airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted and all flights
receive a flight information service on request.
3.2 THE COMMON TRAFFIC ADVISORY FREQUENCY (CTAF) AND

PROCEDURES AT NON-TOWERED AERODROMES
3.2.1 The CTAF is the frequency on which pilots operating at a non-towered aerodrome should
make positional radio broadcasts. If a discrete frequency is not listed use Multicom 126.7. These
frequencies are not normally monitored by ATS.
3.2.2 To achieve the greatest degree of safety, CAR166C requires pilots of aircraft carrying a
serviceable radio which they are qualified to use, to make a broadcast whenever it is reasonably
necessary to do so to avoid a collision, or the risk of a collision with another aircraft at a non-tow-
ered aerodrome. In certain circumstances carriage of radio and being qualified to use it are man-
datory.
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3.2.3 Pilots of higher performance aircraft, or pilots operating at busy aerodromes, are encour-
aged to monitor/broadcast on the CTAF earlier to allow sufficient time to gain situational aware-
ness on the traffic.
3.2.4 The responsibility for collision avoidance, sequencing, and knowledge of local procedures
lies solely with the pilot in command.
3.2.5 Aircraft overflying a non-towered aerodrome should avoid the circuit area, and the routes
commonly flown by arriving and departing traffic.
3.2.6 Where a number of non-towered aerodromes are in close proximity, a single discrete
CTAF may be allocated to those aerodromes.
3.2.7 COMMUNICATIONS para 1.2 lists the broadcasts for operations at non-towered aero-
dromes. DEPARTURE, APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES paragraphs 6, 6.4 and 6.5
detail the communication requirements for operations at non-towered aerodromes. Where a dis-
crete CTAF is prescribed, these frequencies are shown in Airport Directory and Low enroute
charts. Where no specific frequency is prescribed the default CTAF is 126.7MHz.
3.2.8 When a UNICOM service is provided at a non-towered aerodrome and the Unicom is the
CTAF, Airport Directory identifies the frequency as CTAF/Unicom.
3.3 BROADCAST AREAS

3.3.1 Broadcast Areas are defined airspace volumes in Class G airspace for which a discrete
frequency (CTAF) has been allocated. All operations, including those at aerodromes (charted and
uncharted) and landing sites within this area shall use this CTAF as the broadcast frequency. The
default vertical limit of a Broadcast Area is 5000 ft AMSL.
NOTE: The conditions described at paras 3.1.2 and 3.1.3 apply.
3.3.2 The vertical boundaries of a Broadcast Area:
a. Surface to 5000 ft AMSL; or
b. Surface to the base of CTA if 8500 ft or less; or
c. Surface to a nominated level.
3.3.3 The lateral and vertical boundaries are defined in AIP MAP.
4 AIRSPACE RESERVATION, PROHIBITED, RESTRICTED AND

DANGER AREAS
4.1 AIRSPACE RESERVATION
4.1.1 A designated airspace or portion thereof under the control of another authority may be
reserved to allow the following:
a. flights of special military significance requiring the use of controlled airspace, which would be
subject to unacceptable restrictions if normal operations applied;
b. civil flights requiring passage through a military airspace when weather conditions or other
factors make flight on the normal air route inadvisable, or impossible, and when other routes
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are unavailable, or the use of such routes would impose severe economic penalties on the
operation of the aircraft.
4.1.2 There are two types of airspace reservations: fixed defined areas, and “mobile” (e.g.,
aerial refueling, enroute formation flights, etc.). Such reservations are normally only applied
during limited periods. A designated airspace or portion thereof under the control of a military ATC
Authority may also be reserved to confine particular activities. In such airspace RAAF ATC shall
be responsible for the provision of separation for transiting civil or military aircraft from areas
reserved or restricted for current air defence operations.
4.2 GENERAL
4.2.1 Airspace in which a potential hazard to aircraft operations may exist and all areas over
which the operation of civil aircraft may be restricted are promulgated as follows:
a. Prohibited Area: Airspace within which the flight of aircraft is prohibited.
b. Restricted Area: Airspace within which the flight of aircraft is restricted in accordance with
specified conditions.
c. Danger Area: Airspace within which activities dangerous to the flight of aircraft may exist at
specified times.
4.2.2 The boundaries, identification and hours of operation of the areas are portrayed on appro-
priate Enroute/Area and Terminal charts. The letters allocated for identification are:
P = Prohibited area
R = Restricted area
D = Danger area
and the number identifies the area.

4.2.2.1 When used internationally, the identification of these areas are preceded by a FIR identi-
fier as follows:
Brisbane = YB
Melbourne = YM
4.2.3 Unless otherwise specified, vertical limits are promulgated as above MSL when at or
below the transition altitude, or as a flight level when above the transition altitude. “NOTAM” indi-
cates that the vertical limits or hours of activation will be notified by NOTAM.
4.2.4 The promulgated vertical limits of prohibited and restricted areas include all the buffers
necessary for the protection of aircraft operating outside these areas. Therefore, the promulgated
levels may be used by aircraft avoiding the areas, except where the vertical limit abuts controlled
airspace, in which case, a clearance is required.
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4.3 FLIGHT WITHIN PROHIBITED, RESTRICTED AND DANGER AREAS

4.3.1 Flight within a prohibited area is not permitted in any circumstances.
4.3.2 Flight within active Restricted Areas is subject to the conditions published in AIP and
NOTAM. To obtain access to a restricted area or airspace pilots must request approval from the
Controlling Authority. When an ATC service is available within that airspace, approval may be
requested from ATC directly, in the same manner as a clearance request to enter controlled air-
space.
NOTE: Clearances may be withheld when activities hazardous to the aircraft are taking place, or
when those activities require absolute priority.
4.3.2.1 In order to assist with shared use of airspace, all restricted areas have been allocated an
RA conditional status. This status will give an indication as to the likelihood of obtaining a clear-
ance to fly through restricted airspace. NOTAMs may be issued to indicate changes to the RA
conditional status; which should be checked prior to flight planning.
4.3.2.2 RA CONDITIONAL STATUS LEGEND: Conditional Status RA1: Pilots may flight plan
through the Restricted Area and under normal circumstances expect a clearance from ATC.
Conditional Status RA2: Pilots must not flight plan through the Restricted Area unless on a route
specified in the Jeppesen Enroute Preferred Routes or under agreement with the Department of
Defence, however a clearance from ATC is not assured. Other tracking may be offered through
the Restricted Area on a tactical basis.
Conditional Status RA3: Pilots must not flight plan through the Restricted Area and clearances will
not be available.
NOTE: In a declared emergency, every effort will be made to obtain approval to transit a Restric-
ted Area, irrespective of its conditional status.
4.3.2.3 If the conditional status is uncertain, treat the airspace as conditional status RA3 and
avoid the area.
Civil aircraft operating in military Restricted areas or airspace in which a military service is provi-
ded will receive a service equivalent to that of Class C airspace, unless specified otherwise.
4.3.4 When compliance with an air traffic clearance requires flight:
a. from controlled airspace into an adjoining active restricted area or airspace; or
b. through an active restricted area or airspace into adjoining controlled airspace; or
c. through an active restricted area or airspace within controlled airspace,
the pilot-in-command may assume that ATC has obtained approval for the flight.
4.3.5 Approval for flight within an active danger area outside controlled airspace is not required.
However it is the responsibility of the PIC to be aware of the dangerous activity and take appropri-
ate precautions.
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4.4 DEACTIVATION OR EXTENSION OF RESTRICTED OR DANGER

AREAS
4.4.1 The published cessation time of a Restricted or Danger Area may be amended:
a. without issue of a NOTAM provided the new cessation time is within one hour prior to the
original published cessation time, or
b. with subsequent issue of a NOTAM when the deactivation is one hour or more prior to the
original published cessation time.
4.4.2 The published cessation time of a Restricted or Danger Area classified for flying activities
may be extended at short notice with subsequent issue of a NOTAM.
4.4.3 Pilots submitting flight plans to operate on routes affected by short notice Restricted Area
extension will be afforded increased priority to access the restricted area for one hour after the
original published cessation time.
4.4.4 Any amendments to the published cessation time of a Restricted or Danger Area will be
notified to affected pilots in accordance with ATC initiated FIS.
4.4.5 Non-towered aerodrome procedures apply to all military aerodromes when the CTR is
deactivated.
NOTE: Short notice means less than one hour notice.
4.4.6 Access to a PRD area may be available if the activity for which it has been activated has
ceased (early deactivation). Pilots should check the status of the area with the ATC authority
mentioned in the activation NOTAM.
5 LANES OF ENTRY
5.1 Lanes of entry are established to permit passage to and from specified Class D CTR without
entering an adjacent Class C or military CTR. The vertical limits provide separation from overlying
control or restricted areas.
5.2 When using these lanes, pilots must:
a. operate under the VFR;
b. conform with the general flight rules regarding terrain clearance, flight over populous areas
and low level restricted areas;
c. operate not higher than the altitude specified as the upper limit in the section being flown;
and
d. keep to the right.
6 CLASSES OF AIRSPACE — SERVICES AND REQUIREMENTS

6.1 The following table summarizes the services and requirements for the various classes of air-
space used in Australian FIRs.
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Subject
Radio Communi-
Type of Separation to ATC
Class Service Provided Speed Limitation cation Require-
Flight Provided Clear-
ments
ance
IFR All aircraft ATC service N/A Continuous Yes
A two-way
VFR not permitted
IFR from IFR, N/A except
IFR from VFR, where specified Continuous
IFR ATC Service Yes
IFR from Spe- in AD for a par- two-way
cial VFR ticular location.
a. ATC Service
for separa-
tion from
IFR.
C b. VFR / VFR 250 KIAS below Continuous
VFR VFR from IFR Yes
traffic infor- 10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
mation (and
traffic avoid-
ance advice
on request).
Special VFR
Special 250 KIAS below Continuous
from Special ATC service Yes
VFR 10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
VFR
IFR from IFR, ATC service, traf- 200 KIAS at or
Continuous
IFR IFR from Spe- fic information below 2,500 FT Yes
two-way
cial VFR about VFR flights. AAL within 4
ATC service, traf- NM of the pri-
mary Class D Continuous
VFR Nil fic information on Yes
aerodrome two-way
D all other flights.
(Note 2)
Special VFR
from Special 250 KIAS – in
Special the remaining Continuous
VFR when vis- ATC service Yes
VFR Class “D” air- two-way
ibility is less
than VMC space
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Subject
Radio Communi-
Type of Separation to ATC
Class Service Provided Speed Limitation cation Require-
Flight Provided Clear-
ments
ance
ATC service and
traffic information
250 KIAS below Continuous
IFR IFR from IFR on VFR flights as Yes
10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
far as is practica-
E ble.
FIS
VFR Nil SIS – flight follow- 250 KIAS below Continuous

No
ing O/R, (ATC 10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
workload permit)
250 KIAS below Continuous
IFR Nil SIS No
10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
VHF radio re-
quired for oper-
G ations above
On & 5,000 feet MSL
North and at aero- No
FIS
of dromes where
65° VFR Nil RIS – flight follow- 250 KIAS below carriage and
ing O/R, (ATC 10,000 ft AMSL. use of radio is
Sout
h workload permit) required.
VHF radio re-
quired for oper-
No
ations in re-
duced VMC
G 250 KIAS below Continuous
IFR Nil FIS O/R No
Sout 10,000 ft AMSL. two-way
h of
65° 250 KIAS below
VFR Nil FIS O/R Nil No
Sout 10,000 ft AMSL.
h
NOTE 1: Speed limitations are not applicable to military aircraft.
NOTE 2: If traffic conditions permit, ATC may approve a pilot’s request to exceed the 200 KT
speed limit to a maximum limit of 250 KT unless the pilot informs ATC a higher minimum speed
is required.
NOTE: VMC minima are detailed in General Flight Procedures.

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AIRPORTS AND GROUND AIDS
1 LIMITATIONS FOR LICENSED AERODROMES

1.1 GENERAL
1.1.1 The Aircraft Classification Number/Pavement Classification Number (ACN/PCN) method is
used to specify the strength of pavements and hence permissible aircraft masses.
1.1.2 The operation of an aircraft above the maximum masses and tire pressures is not permit-
ted unless a pavement concession is approved.
1.1.2.1 The minimum widths of runways and runways strips required by various types of aircraft
are specified in Runway Width below.
1.1.3 Operators of non-scheduled aircraft requiring to park on aprons used by scheduled serv-
ices should check parking availability with the Airport Operator at least 48 hours before the opera-
tion.
1.2 CARE OF PAVEMENTS

1.2.1 Pilots should avoid running aircraft wheels close to edges of pavements or on to the
shoulders of either runways or taxiways.
1.2.2 Tight turns on runways should be avoided and turning nodes, where provided, should be
used. Locked wheel turns, in particular, should be avoided.
1.3 PROCEDURES FOR GROUND OPERATION OF TURBO-JET AIRCRAFT

1.3.1 Whenever an engine other than the APU, of a turbo-jet aircraft is operating on the ground,
the aircraft’s anti-collision light(s) must be displayed, thereby indicating to pilots of other aircraft to
exercise caution. Military turbo-jet aircraft should always be treated with caution as their anti-colli-
sion lights may not be displayed even though an engine is running.
2 SUITABILITY OF AERODROMES
2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 A pilot-in-command must plan the flight to comply with the following conditions for the use
of an aerodrome, including an alternate aerodrome:
a. an aircraft must not take off or land at a place not suitable for the purpose under CAR 92(1)
(not published herein) and, if engaged on an international flight, at a place not designated as
an international aerodrome or international alternate aerodrome;
b. unless otherwise approved, an aircraft must not take off or land at an aerodrome at night
unless the following lighting is operating:
1. for a PVT, AWK, or CHTR aircraft: runway edge lighting; threshold lighting; illuminated
wind direction indicator; obstacle lighting when specified in local procedures;
2. for an RPT aircraft: the aerodrome lighting specified in (1) above plus taxiway lighting
and apron floodlighting, all lighting to be electric;
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NOTE: In the event that an illuminated wind direction indicator is not available, aircraft
may continue to operate if wind velocity information can be obtained from an approved
observer.
c. an aircraft must not take off or land at an aerodrome when the surface or strength of the
maneuvering area is unsuitable for operations of the aircraft type.
2.2 RUNWAY WIDTH

2.2.1 Regulation 235A of the Civil Aviation Regulations specifies the minimum runway width
required for airplanes.
2.2.2 Interpretation:
a. An airplane’s reference field length is:
1. in the case of an airplane to which section 20.7.1B of the Civil Aviation Orders applies
(not published herein) — the balanced field length; or
2. in the case of any other airplane — the take-off distance that the airplane requires for
take-off in accordance with paragraph b. below.
b. For the purposes of a.(1) and (2) above, the balanced field length or take-off distance that an
airplane requires for take-off is the balanced field length or take-off distance that, according
to its flight manual, the airplane requires:
1. on a level runway;
2. at maximum take-off weight;
3. in still air;
4. at sea level; and
5. in standard atmospheric conditions.
c. An airplane’s code number is the number set out in column 1 of the following Table opposite
the range of distances in column 2 of the Table that includes the airplane’s reference field
length.
d. To work out an airplane’s code letter:
1. determine its wing span and outer main gear wheel span; and
2. then determine:
(a) which letter in column 3 of the following Table is opposite the range of wing spans
in column 4 of the Table that includes the airplane’s wing span; and
(b) which letter in column 3 of the Table is opposite the range of outer main gear
wheel spans in column 5 of the Table that includes the airplane’s outer main gear
wheel span.
e. If the same letter is determined under sub-paragraph d.(2)(a) and (b), that letter is the air-
plane’s code letter.
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f. If different letters are determined under sub-paragraph d.(2)(a) and (b), the airplane’s code
letter is the one that occurs later in the alphabet.
1 2 3 5
4
CODE AIRPLANE REFER- CODE OUTER MAIN GEAR
WING SPAN
NUMBER ENCE FIELD LENGTH LETTER WHEEL SPAN
1 Less than 800m A Less than 15m Less than 4.5m
At least 800m, but less At least 15m, but less At least 4.5m, but less
2 B
than 1,200m than 24m than 6m
At least 1,200m, but At least 24m, but less At least 6m, but less
3 C
less than 1,800m than 36m than 9m
At least 36m, but less At least 9m, but less
D
than 52m than 14m
4 At least 1,800m
At least 52m, but less At least 9m, but less
E
than 65m than 14m
At least 65M, but less At least 14M, but less
F
than 80M than 16M
2.2.3 Minimum Runway Width for an Airplane

2.2.3.1 Subject to paragraph 2.2.4, the minimum runway width for an airplane is the distance
specified in the following Table at the intersection of:
a. the row in the Table that specifies the airplane’s code number; and
b. the column in the Table that specifies its code letter.
Minimum Runway Widths under para 2.2.3

CODE LETTER
CODE NUMBER
A B C D E F
1 18m 18m 23m -- -- --
2 23m 23m 30m -- -- --
3 30m 30m 30m 45m -- --
4 -- -- 45m 45m 45m 60m
2.2.4 For other than agricultural operations, a minimum runway width of 15m is recommended
for aeroplanes with a maximum take-off weight not more than 5,700kg. Aeroplanes with a maxi-
mum take-off weight not exceeding 2,000kg can be operated safely on runways as narrow as
10m provided there is no, or only light, cross-wind. For agricultural operations, a 10m wide
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runway is the recommended minimum. Additional guidance material on minimum requirements for
landing areas for aeroplane operations can be found in CAAP 92-1(1) [not published herein].
2.2.5 The CASA may require an aircraft to operate from a runway wider than that determined
from the Table in paragraph 2.2.3 when it is satisfied that the displayed airplane handling perform-
ance during take-off and/or landing warrants that such a restriction be imposed.
2.2.6 When considering the performance of an airplane on a gravel, grass or natural surface
runway which has a central sealed surface, the unsealed surface should be the determining sur-
face.
2.3 GRADED RUNWAY STRIP

2.3.1 Except as otherwise authorized in writing by the CASA, the minimum width of a graded
runway strip shall be:
a. Code 4 runway — 150m
b. Code 3 runway — 90m
c. Code 2 runway — 80m
d. Code 1 runway — 60m
2.4 AERODROME LIGHTING

2.4.1 When aerodrome lighting is required and pilot activated lighting is not being used, the
pilot-in- command or operator must ensure that arrangements have been made for the lighting to
be operating during the following periods:
a. Departure: from at least 10 minutes before departure to at least 30 minutes after take-off;
b. Arrival: from at least 30 minutes before ETA to the time landing and taxiing has been com-
pleted.
2.4.2 The above shall apply to runway, obstacle and taxiway lighting.
NOTE 1: An operator planning a flight by an aircraft with tire pressures and/or weight in excess of
that permitted must ensure that a pavement concession is obtained.
NOTE 2: Emergency Landings: When safety is involved, the nearest aerodrome which will permit
a landing without danger to the aircraft may be used, irrespective of the damage that may be
caused to the pavement.
NOTE 3: Mercy Flights: Decisions should be made in accordance with the degree of urgency
involved. Severe overloading of pavements is acceptable if the safety of patients, crew and air-
craft is not thereby jeopardized.
NOTE 4: Aerodrome lighting at an aerodrome where a control tower is operating will be activated
by ATC as necessary. Pilots requiring aerodrome lighting outside the control tower’s published
hours, should use PAL if available, or make appropriate arrangements with ATC. If ATC has
already ceased duty, requests should be directed to the local aerodrome operator. Confirmation
should be obtained that requests for lighting will be satisfied.
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NOTE 5: A pilot having made arrangements with ATS for night lighting must notify any change in
requirements.
NOTE 6: Aerodrome lighting at non-controlled aerodromes should be arranged direct with the aer-
odrome operator, or by using PAL facilities, if available.
3 ALTERNATE AERODROMES
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 A pilot in command must make provision for flight to an alternate aerodrome, when
required, in accordance with the following paragraphs.
3.1.2 When a flight is required to provide for an alternate aerodrome, any aerodrome may be so
nominated for that flight provided:
a. it is suitable as a destination for that flight; and
b. it is not an aerodrome for which that flight would require to provide for an alternate aero-
drome.
3.1.3 When an aerodrome forecast is not available or is “provisional,” the pilot in command must
make provision for a suitable alternate that has a firm forecast.
3.2 WEATHER CONDITIONS

3.2.1 Except when operating an aircraft under the VFR by day within 50 NM of the point of
departure, the pilot-in-command must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome when arrival at
the destination will be during the currency of, or up to 30 minutes prior to the forecast commence-
ment of, the following weather conditions:
a. cloud — more than SCT below the alternate minimum (see paragraphs 3.2.11 and 3.2.12);
or
NOTE: In determining requirements for alternate aerodromes, forecast amounts of cloud
below the alternate minima are cumulative. For determining requirements, the cumulative
cloud amount is interpreted as follows:
FEW plus FEW is equivalent to SCT
FEW plus SCT is equivalent to BKN
SCT plus SCT is equivalent to BKN or OVC
b. visibility — less than the alternate minimum; or
c. visibility — greater than the alternate minimum but the forecast is endorsed with a percent-
age probability of fog, mist, dust or any other phenomenon restricting visibility below the
alternate minimum; or
d. wind — a crosswind or downwind component more than the maximum for the aircraft.
NOTE: Wind gusts must be considered.
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3.2.2 When operating a helicopter under the VFR, and the use of helicopter VMC is permissible
at the destination, the pilot-in-command must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome when
either of the following conditions is forecast at the destination:
a. cloud — more than SCT below a ceiling of 1000 ft; or
b. visibility — less than 3000m.
3.2.3 When weather conditions at the destination are forecast to be as specified at para 3.2.1,
but are expected to improve at a specific time, provision for an alternate aerodrome need not be
made if sufficient fuel is carried to allow the aircraft to hold until that specified time plus 30
minutes.
3.2.4 When weather conditions at the destination are forecast to be above the values specified
in paragraph 3.2.1, but, additionally, intermittent or temporary deteriorations in the weather below
the values are forecast, provision for an alternate need not be made if sufficient additional fuel is
carried to allow the aircraft to hold for:
a. 30 minutes for intermittent deterioration (INTER); and
b. 60 minutes for temporary deterioration (TEMPO).
3.2.5 When thunderstorms or their associated severe turbulence or their probability is forecast
at the destination, sufficient additional fuel must be carried to permit the aircraft to proceed to a
suitable alternate or to hold for:
a. 30 minutes when the forecast is endorsed INTER; or
b. 60 minutes when the forecast is endorsed TEMPO.
3.2.6 When a forecast has multiple INTER or TEMPO deteriorations and holding fuel will be car-
ried, fuel must be carried to hold for only the most limiting requirement. INTER and TEMPO hold-
ing fuel requirements are not cumulative.
3.2.7 When TAFs include a FM or a BECMG, causing an operational requirement to either
become effective or be removed, the timing for the change in operational requirement is as fol-
lows:
a. When the weather following the FM or BECMG is forecast to create an operational require-
ment, that operational requirement will become effective 30 minutes before the start of the
FM time or 30 minutes before the start of the BECMG period.
b. When the weather following the FM or BECMG is forecast to remove an operational require-
ment, that operational requirement will remain effective until 30 minutes after the FM time or
30 minutes after the end of the BECMG period.
3.2.8 The additional fuel required by paragraphs 3.2.4 or 3.2.5 must be carried when the ETA of
the aircraft at its destination or alternate falls within the period 30 minutes before the forecast
commencement of these deteriorations to either:
a. 30 minutes after the forecast cessation of these deteriorations; or
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b. sufficient fuel is carried to hold until 30 minutes after the forecast time of cessation of these
deteriorations.
3.2.9 Due to the continuous weather watch provided by TTF, the 30 minute buffers required by
paragraphs 3.2.7 and 3.2.8 do not apply. Flights which will be completed within the time of validity
of the TTF may be planned wholly with reference to the destination TTF.
3.2.10 TTF may have either one visibility or two visibilities included in the report. Operational
requirements will apply when:
a. the sole visibility is less than the alternate minimum; or
b. the higher visibility is less than the alternate minimum.
3.2.11 Flights which cannot use TTF will plan the flight on the current TAF until such time as the
destination ETA falls within the validity period of a TTF.
3.2.12 For IFR flights the alternate minima are as follows:
a. For aerodromes with an instrument approach procedure, the alternate minima published on
the Jeppesen Airport chart.
b. For aerodromes with an instrument approach procedure where an aerodrome forecast is
unavailable or is “provisional”, the pilot in command must make provision for a suitable alter-
nate.
c. For aerodromes without an instrument approach procedure, the alternate minima are the
lowest safe altitude for the final route segment plus 500 ft and a visibility of 8km (also refer to
Non-instrument Procedure Destination).
3.2.13 For flight by aeroplanes under the VFR (day or night) and helicopters operating under the
VFR at night, the alternate minima are a ceiling of 1500 ft and a visibility of 8km.
3.2.13.1 For VFR helicopter operations by day, the alternate minima are the same as for night
unless the additional conditions specified in General Flight Procedures are met. When these addi-
tional conditions are met, the alternate minima requirements are as shown in paragraph 3.2.2.
3.3 RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS

3.3.1 A flight which is planned to be conducted under IFR on the last route segment to its desti-
nation must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome, unless:
a. for Regular Public Transport and Charter operations:
1. the destination is served by a radio navigation aid for which an instrument approach
procedure has been prescribed, and the aircraft is fitted with two independent and sepa-
rate radio navigation systems, each of which is capable of using the aid; or
2. the destination is served by two radio navigation aids for which independent and sepa-
rate instrument approach procedures have been prescribed, and the aircraft is fitted
with independent and separate radio navigation systems capable of using these aids;
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b. for Aerial Work and Private operations: the destination is served by a radio navigation aid for
which an instrument approach procedure has been prescribed and the aircraft is fitted with
the radio navigation system capable of using the aid.
3.3.2 Notwithstanding the above, a flight may be planned under IFR by day to a destination aer-
odrome which is not served by a radio navigation aid without the requirement to provide for a suit-
able alternate aerodrome, provided that:
a. not more than SCT cloud is forecast below the final route segment LSALT plus 500 ft and
forecast visibility at the destination aerodrome is not less than 8km; and
b. the aircraft can be navigated to the destination aerodrome in accordance with flight under
IFR navigation requirements.
3.3.3 A flight permitted to operate under the VFR at night (see General Flight Procedures, VFR)
must provide for an alternate aerodrome within one (1) hour flight time of the destination unless:
a. the destination is served by a radio navigation aid (NDB/VOR) and the aircraft is fitted with
the appropriate radio navigation system capable of using the aid, or
b. the aircraft is fitted with an approved GNSS receiver, and the pilot and aircraft meet systems
approval and operations requirements.
3.4 RUNWAY LIGHTING

3.4.1 Portable Lighting
When a flight is planned to land at night at an aerodrome where the runway lighting is portable,
provision must be made for flight to an alternate aerodrome unless arrangements are made for a
responsible person to be in attendance during the period specified in paragraph 2.4, to ensure
that the runway lights are available during that period.
3.4.2 Standby Power
When a flight is planned to land at night at an aerodrome with electric runway lighting, whether
pilot activated or otherwise, but without standby power, provision must be made for flight to an
alternate aerodrome unless portable runway lights are available and arrangements have been
made for a responsible person to be in attendance during the period specified in paragraph 2.4, to
display the portable lights in the event of a failure of the primary lighting.
3.4.3 Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL)
When a flight is planned to land at night at an aerodrome with PAL and standby power, provision
must be made for a flight to an alternate aerodrome equipped with runway lighting unless a
responsible person is in attendance to manually switch on the aerodrome lighting.
3.4.4 Alternate Aerodromes — PAL
An aerodrome may be nominated as an alternate aerodrome provided that, where an aircraft is an
RPT aircraft (excluding aircraft engaged in cargo-only operations or an aircraft below 3500kg
MTOW), or is an aircraft fitted with single VHF communication, the alternate aerodrome must be
one which is:
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a. served by a lighting system which is not pilot activated; or

b. served by PAL and there is a responsible person in attendance to manually switch on the
aerodrome lighting.
3.4.4.1 In the case of a non-RPT aircraft, RPT aircraft engaged in cargo-only operations, and
RPT aircraft below 3500kg MTOW, where the alternate aerodrome is served by PAL, there is no
requirement for a responsible person on the ground to be in attendance, but the aircraft must be
equipped with:
a. dual VHF; or
b. single VHF and HF communications and carries 30 minutes holding fuel to allow for the alert-
ing of ground staff in the event of a failure of the aircraft’s VHF communication.
3.4.5 The alternate requirements of paragraphs 3.4.1 to 3.4.4 inclusive need not be applied if
the aircraft carries holding fuel for first light plus 10 minutes at the destination.
3.4.6 An alternate aerodrome nominated in accordance with requirements in paragraphs 3.4.2
and 3.4.3 need not have standby power or standby portable runway lighting.
3.4.7 A responsible person under paragraph 3.4.2 is one who has been instructed in, and is
competent to display, the standard runway lighting with portable lights.
3.4.8 Partial Runway Lighting Failure
At a controlled aerodrome, in the event of failure of one electrical circuit on a runway equipped
with interleaved circuitry lighting, pilots will be notified of a doubled spacing of runway edge lights;
ie, from 60m to 120m spacing. When such a failure occurs at night, pilots must apply the following
requirements to an approach to land:
a. In VMC:
No restriction.
b. In Less Than VMC:
The prevailing visibility must be equal to, or greater than, the published minimum for the
instrument approach procedure being used for an aircraft’s arrival multiplied by a factor of
1.5.
4 SIGNALS FOR THE CONTROL OF AERODROME TRAFFIC

4.1 LIGHT SIGNALS TO AIRCRAFT
Light Signal Meaning in Flight Meaning on Aerodrome

Steady green Authorized to land if pilot satisfied Authorized to take-off if pilot sat-
no collision risk exists. isfied no collision risk exists.
Steady red Give way to other aircraft and con- Stop.
tinue circling.
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Light Signal Meaning in Flight Meaning on Aerodrome

Green flashes Return for landing. Authorized to taxi if pilot satis-
fied no collision risk exists.
Red flashes Aerodrome unsafe — do not land Taxi clear of landing area in
use.
White flashes No significance. Return to starting point on aero-
drome.
4.1.1 Acknowledgments by an Aircraft

a. In Flight:
1. during the hours of daylight: by rocking the aircraft’s wings.
NOTE: This signal should not be expected on the base and final legs of the approach.
2. during the hours of darkness: by flashing on and off twice the aircraft’s landing lights or,
if not so equipped, by switching on and off twice its navigation lights.
b. On the Ground:
1. during the hours of daylight: by moving the aircraft’s ailerons or rudder.
2. during the hours of darkness: by flashing on and off twice the aircraft’s landing lights or,
if not so equipped, by switching on and off twice its navigation lights.
4.2 LIGHT SIGNALS TO VEHICLES AND PEDESTRIANS
Light Signal Meaning

Green Flashes Permission to cross landing area or to move onto taxiway.
Steady Red Stop
Red Flashes Move off the landing area or taxiway and watch out for aircraft.
White Flashes Vacate the maneuver area in accordance with local instruc-
tions.
NOTE: In emergency conditions, or if the above signals are not observed, the following meaning
will be indicated by use of the runway or taxiway lighting:
Flashing Runway or Taxiway Vacate the runway or taxiway and observe the tower for light
Lighting signal.
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4.3 GROUND SIGNALS TO AIRCRAFT
WHERE DIS-
GROUND SIGNAL DESCRIPTION MEANING
PLAYED
Horizontal Adjacent to wind Use only hard surface movement
white dumb- direction indicator. areas. Where there are sealed and
bell gravel maneuvering areas, use on-
ly the sealed surfaces. Where
there are constructed gravel and
natural surface maneuvering
areas, use only the gravel surfa-
ces.
White Cross a. Adjacent to a. Aerodrome completely un-
wind direction serviceable.
indicator. b. An area marked by a cross or
b. On maneu- crosses with the limits de-
vering area. lineated by markers is unfit
for use by aircraft.
White Double Adjacent to wind Gliding operations in progress.
Cross direction indicator.
5 AERODROME GROUND AIDS

5.1 AERODROME MARKERS AND MARKINGS
5.1.1 Boundary Markers
5.1.1.1 Gable and/or cone markers are used to indicate:
a. the graded surface of a runway strip;
b. the edges of an apron and/or taxiway where such are not clearly defined;
c. the limits of the movement area.
5.1.1.2 Boundary Markers take the following forms:
a. Standard cone boundary marker;
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b. Standard gable boundary marker;
5.1.1.3 When used to mark the graded portion of runway strips cone markers are spaced at not
more than 90m intervals along the limits of the runway strip, and gable or flush markers are
spaced at not more than 180m intervals. Two gable markers are used at corners.
5.1.1.4 When used to mark the definition of aprons or taxiways the markers are spaced at not
more than 15m intervals.
5.1.1.5 Boundary markers are white colored, except those associated with the limits of ill-
defined aprons and taxiways, which are yellow. Where a threshold is permanently displaced, dun-
colored cone markers are used to denote the area prior to the displaced threshold.
5.1.2 Runway Markers
5.1.2.1 Runway Markers are provided on runway edges at minimum intervals of 60m, along both
sides of the runway where there is a lack of contrast between the runway and the adjacent
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runway strip. Where the runway strip is maintained to the same standard as the runway across its
entire width only runway end markers are used. Runway markers may be either:
a. runway cone markers;
b. inverted white plastic buckets;
c. white PVC road safety cones;
d. flush markers.
5.2 UNSERVICEABLE AREAS

5.2.1 An aircraft shall not operate on any area of an aerodrome which is declared unserviceable.
[CAR 166(3)]
5.2.2 Partial Unserviceability
5.2.2.1 Except in the cases of total unserviceability or restricted operations, unserviceable areas
on the movement area are indicated by the display of unserviceability cross markers.
5.2.2.1.1 An unserviceability cross marker, normally colored white, consists of a cross, with
arms at least 6m long, 0.9m wide and not more than 0.15m high.
5.2.2.1.2 The limits of unserviceable areas are delineated by white cone markers painted with a
0.25m wide horizontal red band.
5.2.3 Total Unserviceability
5.2.3.1 When an aerodrome that does not have 24-hour ATC coverage is completely unservice-
able for all operations, an unserviceability cross marker is displayed in the signal circle.
5.3 RESTRICTED OPERATIONS

5.3.1 Where operations at an aerodrome which does not have 24 hour ATC coverage are con-
fined to hard surfaced runways, taxiways and aprons, a dumb-bell marker is displayed in the
signal circle.
5.3.2 A dumb-bell marker is white and takes the following form:
5.4 RESERVED
5.5 RUNWAY MARKINGS
5.5.1 Runway markings are normally white, but may be edged in black to improve definition.
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5.5.2 Runway Threshold Markings

5.5.2.1 Wherever a threshold marking is displayed, it marks the commencement of the perma-
nent or declared landing distance.
5.5.3 Permanent Threshold
5.5.3.1 Threshold markings consisting of parallel longitudinal white lines resembling “piano
keys” are used at the ends of sealed or concrete runways of 30m or greater width. For runways
less than 30m wide, the markings may be used.
5.5.4 Permanently Displaced Threshold

5.5.4.1 “Piano key” markings displaced from the runway end indicate that the normal approach
is obstructed by a permanent obstacle or a permanent hazardous surface condition exists near
the end of the runway.
5.5.5 Temporarily Displaced Threshold Markers and Markings

5.5.5.1 Where a threshold is temporarily displaced it will be shown either by lights or by the fol-
lowing:
a. a series of inverted “V” markings (white) painted across the runway;
1. Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to obstacle infringement of the
approach path for a period in excess of 30 days.
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2. Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to works on runway for a period in
excess of 30 days.
b. one, or two, Vee-Bar markers (white) situated on both sides of the runway:
1. Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to obstacle infringement of approach
surface for a period of 30 days or less.
NOTE: Where runway is not used for RPT services only one VEE need be provided on
each side of the runway.
2. Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to works on the runway for a period
of 30 days or less.
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c. at military controlled aerodromes, for periods of short duration, when military operational
requirements dictate, four white cones situated on both sides of the runway.
NOTE: Strobe lights may be used instead of Vee-Bar markers. Permanent “piano key” and
runway designation number markings will be obliterated where the duration of the temporary
displacement exceeds 30 days, however, for shorter periods all existing runway markings
remain.
5.5.6 Other markers or markings which may be associated with temporarily displaced thresholds
are:
a. Unserviceable cone markers (white and red) which, when placed across a runway between
the permanent and temporary threshold markings, denote the start of the take-off run availa-
ble;
b. Road safety cones or “witches’ hats” (orange) which, when placed across the full width of the
runway strip, denote the maneuvering limits for plant and equipment involved in the works;
c. Unserviceable cross markers (white), which indicate any part of the movement area not
available for operations;
d. Centerline arrows (white) to draw the pilot’s attention to the displaced threshold. Unless oth-
erwise indicated by unserviceable markings, the length of runway containing centerline
arrows is available for take-off in the direction of the arrows and for both take-off and landing
in the other direction.
NOTE: Relevant NOTAM advice is provided on the length of the displacement, anticipated
duration and type of temporary threshold provided.
5.5.7 Runway Side Stripe and End Marking
5.5.7.1 Solid white lines delineate the edges of the full strength pavement on sealed or concrete
runways. (See 5.5.14 diagram)
5.5.8 Sealed Area Beyond the Runway
5.5.8.1 A sealed area beyond the runway end that is not suitable for normal use by airplanes, is
marked for its entire length by yellow Vee Bars. A sealed stopway or blast area that is not suitable
for taxiing is defined by the white line delineating the edge of the full strength pavement.
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Markings of Areas Beyond Runway Ends
5.5.9 Runway Centerline Markings

5.5.9.1 These markings indicate the centerline on all sealed or concrete runways whose width is
18m or greater and consist of a solid 30m long white line followed by a 30m gap repeated for the
full length of the runway. (See 5.5.14 diagram)
5.5.10 Aiming Point and Touchdown Zone Markings
5.5.10.1 These markings may be used on both ends of sealed or concrete runways to provide
visual guidance whilst landing. 2 forms of touchdown zone and aiming point markings may be
used:
a. Aiming point and simple touchdown zone markings. These markings are used for most
runways and consist of 3 pairs of stripes as shown below.
b. Aiming point and ICAO ‘A’ — basic pattern touchdown zone markings. These markings
are progressively being implemented on precision approach runways and may also be used
for other runways. These markings consist of varying numbers of stripes (depending on
runway length as shown below.
NOTE: Aiming point markings were formerly known as fixed distance markings.
Aiming Point and Simple Touchdown Zone Markings

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Aiming Point and ICAO ‘A’ — Basic Pattern Touchdown Zone Markings
5.5.11 Runway Numbers

5.5.11.1 Two-digit numbers are used on sealed or concrete runways to identify the runway and
are derived from the magnetic heading of the runway. Where two or more runways have a
number which may be confusing, the runway number may not reflect the magnetic heading.
5.5.12 LAHSO Hold-Short Position Markings
5.5.12.1 Taxi-holding position markings (see paragraph 5.8.4.2) are used to mark runway hold
short positions for LAHSO.
5.5.13 Hold Short Position Markings – Runways Used for Taxiing
5.5.13.1 Taxi-holding position markings (see paragraph 5.8.4.2) are used for runway/runway
intersections where one runway is used as part of a standard taxi route.
5.5.14 Combined Runway Markings
5.6 RUNWAY STRIP MARKINGS

5.6.1 Runway strip markings consisting of white cone, gable or flush markings indicate the limits
of the graded portion of a runway strip:
a. Gables
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b. Cones
5.7 STOPWAY MARKINGS

5.7.1 Stopways are not marked and end at least 60m before the strip end.
5.8 TAXIWAY MARKINGS

5.8.1 Taxi Guide-line Markings provide position guidance for pilots. These markings are nor-
mally yellow.
5.8.2 Taxiway-edge Markers and Markings
5.8.2.1 On unpaved taxiways where the edges are not visually distinct, yellow taxiway-edge
cones are provided. For gravel taxiways, yellow taxiway-edge marking strips may be used.
5.8.3 Taxiway Pavement Strength Limit Markings
5.8.3.1 These markings are painted at the entrance to an asphalt, sealed or concrete taxiway
which has low strength pavement.
5.8.4 Taxi-Holding Position Markings
5.8.4.1 The old taxi-holding position markings illustrated below is currently used on taxiways,
holding bays and aprons to indicate holding or parking positions. Except for aprons, where the air-
craft is parked with the main wheels on the marking, aircraft must be held with the nose short of
the marking. This marking is yellow.
Old Holding Position Marking (Taxiway/Runway Intersection)

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5.8.4.2 New Taxi-holding Position Markings

The type of markings illustrated in a. and b. will be progressively introduced at Australian aero-
dromes. Figure 5.8.4.2a will replace the existing marking shown in 5.8.4.1. This marking will be
used when there is only one holding position. 5.8.4.2b, is an additional holding position marking
which may be used to protect a runway available for Cat I, II, or III precision approach operations.
Where provided, 5.8.4.2b will be further from the runway than 5.8.4.2a, and will only be applicable
when advised by ATC or the ATIS. These markings are yellow.
New
a. Holding Position Marking (Taxiway/Runway Intersection and LAHSO Hold-Short Posi-
tion)
a. New Additional Holding Position Marking Associated with CAT I, II or III Precision
Approach Runways
5.8.4.3 Where a holding position protects a taxiway crossing, only a broken yellow line is provi-
ded.
Holding Position Marking (Taxiway/Taxiway Intersection)
5.9 HOLDING BAY MARKINGS

5.9.1 Holding bay markings consist of taxiway guide-line and holding position markings.
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5.10 APRON MARKINGS

5.10.1 On aprons accommodating aircraft 5,700kg and above, taxi guide-lines and aircraft park-
ing position markings are provided. Other aprons may be unmarked.
5.10.2 Apron Edge Markings
5.10.2.1 Where aprons are provided with aircraft parking position markings, apron edges may
not be marked. On other aprons where low strength shoulders are provided adjacent to apron
pavements and the visual differentiation between these surfaces is inadequate, a further marking
is provided in critical areas. This marking consists of two 0.15m wide continuous yellow lines
0.15m apart along the edge of the full strength apron pavement. Where pavement is visually uni-
form but varies in strength, the boundary of the change in strength is delineated by a broken
yellow line with informative wording such as “MAX 2300KG”.
5.10.3 Aircraft Parking Position Markings
5.10.3.1 When apron parking position markings are provided, pilots shall access the parking
positions via the taxi route identified by continuous yellow guide lines.
5.10.4 Primary Position Taxi Guide Lines
5.10.4.1 Primary aircraft parking positions are identified by a continuous yellow taxi guide line.
5.10.5 Primary Position Markings
5.10.5.1 Primary parking position markings comprise two straight yellow lines. One line, the
alignment line, shows the required orientation of the parked aircraft. The second line, the stop
line, shows the point at which the aircraft is to be stopped.
5.10.6 Marshaller Stop Line
5.10.6.1 Where the pilot is guided by a marshaller, a marshaller stop line is located where the
aircraft nose wheel is to stop. It is at right angles to the alignment line, painted yellow, and located
on the right hand side of the alignment line as seen by the marshaller looking at the aircraft. The
aircraft type designation is painted below the stop line. The lettering, being for the marshaller, is
small and upside down when viewed by the pilot.
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5.10.7 Pilot Stop Line

5.10.7.1 Where a pilot is not guided by a marshaller a yellow pilot stop line is located so that,
when the aircraft is stopped, the line is immediately to the left of the pilot. The aircraft type is writ-
ten in yellow below the bar.
5.10.8 Alignment Line
5.10.8.1 The yellow alignment line extends from the location of the nose wheel in the parked
position backwards under the body of the aircraft. It also extends forward in the alignment of the
parked aircraft. A short stripe is located along the alignment bar.
Primary Aircraft Parking Position Markings
5.10.9 Secondary Position Guide Lines

5.10.9.1 Secondary aircraft parking positions are identified by a line of yellow dots.
5.10.10 Secondary Position Marking
5.10.10.1 These yellow lines may be painted white to avoid confusion where the secondary
position overlaps the primary position.
5.10.11 Keyhole Marking
5.10.11.1 Where the secondary position can accommodate aircraft with a wing span of 15m or
greater, it will be identified with a keyhole marking consisting of an alignment line terminating in a
ring in which the nose wheel is to be parked.
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5.10.12 Triangle Marking

5.10.12.1 Where a secondary position cannot accommodate aircraft with a wingspan of 15m or
greater, it will be identified with a triangle marking consisting of an alignment line terminating in a
triangle in which the nose wheel is to be parked or, in case of tail wheel aircraft, above which the
nose of the aircraft is to be positioned. Triangle markings are also used to mark aircraft run-up
positions at secondary aerodromes.
5.10.13 Lead-out Line

5.10.13.1 The parking position lead-out line comprises a broken yellow line commencing at the
forward end of the stripe along the alignment line.
5.10.14 Taxi Guide-line Designation Marking
5.10.14.1 Where an apron has more than one parking position, each individual parking position
lead-in line is provided with appropriate designation markings where it diverges from the common
taxi guide-line. There are three types of designations; viz., parking position number, aircraft type
and aircraft weight.
5.10.14.2 Position Designation
The parking position designation indicates the aircraft parking position to which the taxi guide-line,
or lead-in line leads. Where a lead-in line leads to several positions, the designation indicates the
first and last numbers of the parking positions served by each line. The designations comprise 2m
long yellow characters.
5.10.14.3 Type Limit Designations
Aircraft type limit designation characters are painted yellow and are 2m long. Where an apron
contains parking position(s) which can only accommodate aircraft smaller than the largest aircraft
using the apron, appropriate aircraft type limitations are provided at the lead-in line for each
restricted position. Where a parking position is restricted to use by a particular aircraft type, a des-
ignation marking such as “F27 ONLY” or “NO B727” is used. If the parking position is restricted to
helicopters then “H ONLY” is provided on the guide-line.
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5.10.14.4 Weight Limit Designation

Aircraft weight limit designations are provided to identify the maximum weight limitation at a park-
ing position. Where the apron contains parking position(s) which can only accommodate aircraft
of a lighter weight than the heaviest weight allowed elsewhere on the apron then appropriate
yellow weight limitations are painted on the relevant lead-in lines.
5.10.15 Parking Limit Lines
5.10.15.1 These lines are provided to assist in ensuring that no part of a parked aircraft infringes
taxiways or vehicle access roads. The markings consist of two parallel lines 0.1m wide, separated
by a red line 0.1m wide. Suitable yellow labels are painted along the line at not more than 50m
intervals. The continuity of the line may be broken where normal access is required and aircraft
may taxi across the line where necessary.
5.10.16 Other Apron Markings
5.10.16.1 Other apron markings which may be seen at major aerodromes are:
a. tug push-back lines — broken white;
b. tow disconnect markers — white;
c. lease lines — green (not used when co-incident with parking limit lines);
d. equipment limit lines — red, edged in black and suitably labeled;
e. apron road markings — red, edged in black;
NOTE: These markings are used to define roadways which may be used by uncontrolled
vehicles transiting aprons.
f. passenger path markings — white on black.
5.11 OBSTACLE MARKING

5.11.1 Inconspicuous obstacles penetrating the obstacle limitation surface of an aerodrome, or
which are present on the movement area, are obstacle-marked unless they are shielded by a con-
spicuous or marked obstacle. Obstacle painting is either in checkered patterns or alternate bands
of orange and white or red and white except where such colors would merge with the background.
High intensity lighting may be used for tall structures.
5.11.2 In areas away from aerodromes, constructed obstacles between 90m and 150m in height
are normally marked only if considered a significant hazard to aircraft. Constructed obstacles
above 150m in height are normally marked, unless considered not to be a hazard.
5.12 AERODROME INFORMATION SIGNS

5.12.1 Aerodrome information signs have black lettering on a yellow background or yellow letter-
ing on a black background. They provide location and direction information at an aerodrome with
a complex taxiway system. The following information signs may be seen:
a. Taxiway Location Sign — A location sign tells pilots the designation of a taxiway. This sign
is often installed in conjunction with a taxi-holding position sign or a direction sign.
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b. Destination Sign — A destination sign provides directional advice to pilots to proceed to

various facilities on the aerodrome. Where abbreviations are used, they have the following
meanings:
RAMP or APRON General parking, servicing and loading areas

PARK or PARKING Aircraft parking only areas
CIVIL Civilian areas of joint-use aerodromes
MIL Military areas of joint-use aerodromes
CARGO Freight or cargo handling areas
INTL International areas
DOM Domestic areas
RUNUP Run-up areas
ACP Altimeter Check Point
VOR VOR Check Point
FUEL Fuel or service areas
HGR Hangar or hangar area
c. Direction Sign — A direction sign is normally installed before a taxiway intersection indicat-
ing the taxiways ahead.
d. Runway Exit Sign — A runway exit sign indicates the designation of the taxiway for aircraft
exiting the runway. This sign is placed on the taxiway exit side of a runway.
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e. Distance To Go Signs — This sign is provided on runways used for LAHSO where a pilot
may have difficulty seeing the intersecting runway during the landing roll due to an obstruc-
tion such as a hump in the landing runway. This sign is placed on the left hand side of the
runway. The numbers shown indicate the distance in metres from the sign to the Hold Short
Line.
NOTE: Defence aerodromes also provide Distance To Go signs. The distance shown on
such a sign is in feet and is the distance from the sign to the end of the runway.
5.13 AERODROME MANDATORY INSTRUCTION SIGNS

5.13.1 These signs have white lettering on a red background and must not be passed without
clearance to do so from ATC. However, at an aerodrome where the control tower is not in opera-
tion, these signs may be passed at the discretion of the pilot-in-command. The following manda-
tory signs may be seen:
a. Taxi-Holding Position Sign at a Taxiway/Runway Intersection — This sign consists of
the designation of the runway and is placed abeam the taxi-holding position marking. A taxi-
way location sign is normally provided in conjunction with this sign. At a runway end, the taxi-
holding position sign will show only the designation of the runway end concerned. At an
intermediate taxiway, the taxi-holding position sign will show both ends of the runway desig-
nations. However, old taxi-holding position signs consisting of the word “HOLD” may still be
seen at some aerodromes.
b. Taxi-Holding Position Sign at ILS Category I Runways — At ILS Category I runways, an

additional taxi-holding position sign may be seen further from the runway. This sign has the
words “Cat I” besides the runway designation and will be illuminated when the aerodrome is
operating under Cat I conditions.
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c. Taxi-Holding Position Sign at Category II Runways — Where an ILS Cat II holding posi-
tion exists at a runway/taxiway intersection, the taxi-holding position sign will have a Cat II
inscription.
d. Runway Intersection Signs — This sign is normally provided for a runway used in LAHSO
to show the designation of the intersecting runway. A sign is placed on both sides of the
runway at the Hold Short Line (75m to the intersecting runway centerline). These signs are
illuminated for night operations. An ATC take-off or landing clearance constitutes clearance
to pass such signs except when a landing clearance specifically directs that the aircraft hold
short of the intersecting runway during the landing run.
e. Taxi-Holding Position Sign at Other Locations — A taxi-holding sign may be installed at

other than taxiway/runway intersections where there is a requirement for mandatory holding
at that location.
f. Aircraft NO ENTRY Sign — This sign is placed near an exit where entry is prohibited; e.g.,
at a one-way taxiway.
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6 LIGHTING
6.1 RUNWAY LIGHTING
6.1.1 Permanent Threshold Lighting
6.1.1.1 Permanent threshold lights are green and the following patterns are in use:
a. Standard Pattern: a row of six lights evenly spaced across the threshold which may, at
larger aerodromes, be augmented by one or two extra wing-bar lights at each end;
b. Alternate Standard Pattern: two barettes each of three lights, one on each side of the
threshold;
c. An obsolescent pattern of five or six lights which still exists on some runways.
6.1.1.2 The Alternate Standard Pattern is generally installed at aerodromes used predominantly
by aircraft having a maximum take-off weight of less than 5,700kg.
6.1.1.3 At runways equipped with ILS, the Standard Pattern is used. When intensity stages 4, 5
or 6 are selected, this pattern is increased to give a 3m spacing between the lights.
6.1.1.4 Threshold lights across the runway show green in the approach direction only, except for
the single lights on either side of the runway, in line with the runway edge lights, which are omni-
directional.
6.1.2 Runway Threshold Identification Light
6.1.2.1 Where a runway threshold needs to be made more conspicuous, two flashing white
lights (strobes) are provided, one on each side of the runway, in line with the threshold.
6.1.2.2 These lights flash at a frequency of between 60 and 120 flashes per minute and are visi-
ble in the approach direction only. They can be used both in day and night, and are occasionally
used during daylight hours to indicate a temporarily displaced threshold.
NOTE: When runway threshold identification lights are used to indicate a displaced threshold, V-
bar markers may not be displayed.
6.1.3 Displaced Threshold Lighting
6.1.3.1 Where the threshold is temporarily displaced, a pattern consisting of two groups of three
lights, one group on either side of the runway, is used.
6.1.3.2 If any length of runway prior to the displaced threshold is available for taxiing or for take-
off from that end of the runway, edge lighting in that area will be uni-directional red.
6.1.3.3 If any length of runway prior to the displaced threshold is available for landing or take-off
from the other end of the runway, the runway edge lighting prior to the displaced threshold will
appear white to those aircraft and red runway end lights will be provided. These runway end lights
will be screened from aircraft approaching to land over them.
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Displaced Threshold/Runway Edge Lighting: Runway Before Threshold Serviceable
6.1.3.4 If the alteration to the threshold location is caused by an unserviceable area of the
runway, yellow/orange obstruction lights are used to outline the end of the serviceable area.
Displaced Threshold/Runway Edge Lighting: Runway Before Threshold Unserviceable
6.1.3.5 During daylight hours runways used by international jet RPT aircraft will be equipped
with one strobe light on each side of the displaced threshold. Strobes may be used in lieu of Vee-
Bar markers in other instances.
6.1.4 Runway Edge Lighting
6.1.4.1 Runway edge lighting has longitudinal spacing of 60m for instrument runways but may
be up to 90m for non-instrument runways and for non-precision approach runways at country aer-
odromes.
6.1.4.2 Runway edge lights are white, except that, in the case of a displaced threshold, will
show red in the approach direction.
6.1.4.3 For Precision Approach runway Category I or II the lights in the final 600m of the runway
show yellow.
6.1.4.4 Runway edge lights are omni-directional on intensity stages 1, 2, and 3 in order to pro-
vide circling area guidance. Stages 4, 5 and 6 are unidirectional.
6.1.4.5 For runways less than 30m in width, the lateral spacing of runway edge lights is based
on that of a 30m wide runway.
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6.1.5 Runway End Lightings

6.1.5.1 Runway end lighting normally comprises six evenly spaced, unidirectional red lights.
Where the runway end lights and the threshold are collocated, bi-directional red/green lights in
either the Standard or Alternate pattern may be used.
6.1.6 Runway Centerline Lighting
6.1.6.1 Centerline lighting is color coded to be white from the threshold to a point 900m from the
end of the runway, then alternate red and white to 300m from the runway end, and then red the
last 300m.
6.1.7 Runway Touchdown Zone Lighting
6.1.7.1 Touchdown Zone Lighting is provided for runways intended for precision approach Cate-
gory II or III operations. The lighting consists of a series of fifteen pairs of uni-directional, white
barettes for the first 900m of the runway. Six stages of intensity are available.
Centerline and Touchdown Zone Lighting
6.1.8 Runway Guard Lights

6.1.8.1 On standard taxiways, runway guard lights consist of a pair of alternating flashing yellow
lights located either side of the holding position. On wide throat taxiways, runway guard lights
consist of a line of flashing yellow lights spaced 3M apart across the taxiway at the holding posi-
tion. All lights are unidirectional and visible to the pilot of an aircraft taxiing to the holding position.
They are illuminated day and night.
6.1.9 Hold Short Lights
6.1.9.1 These lights are installed on all runways used for LAHSO. The lights indicate the posi-
tion of the hold-short line (no closer than 75m from the intersecting runway center-line) and are
additional to the runway intersections signs and hold-short position markings. They consist of a
line of six white, unidirectional lights occulting at approximately 30 times per minute, installed
across the runway. During LAHSO, the lights will be on and occulting, but an ATC clearance to
take off, to land without a LAHSO instruction or requirement, or to cross the intersection after
completing a LAHSO, constitutes a clearance to cross the lights. When issued with a land-and-
hold-short instruction, a pilot must not permit the aircraft to pass the hold-short lights.
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6.1.10 Stopway Lighting

6.1.10.1 Stopway lighting is provided where the runway is less than 1,500m. The lighting con-
sists of side and end red lights, screened so as not to be visible to an aircraft approaching to land
over the stopway.
6.2 TAXIWAY LIGHTING

6.2.1 Two types of taxiway lighting are used:
a. Edge Lighting: fixed lights showing blue on both sides of the taxiway;
b. Centerline Lighting: fixed lights showing green along the centerline of the taxiway.
6.2.2 Apron Exit Lights
6.2.2.1 Where there is an extensive system of taxiways, the taxiway lights at the exit from the
apron are flashing the same color as the taxiway lights.
6.2.3 Runway Exit Lights
6.2.3.1 On runway exit taxiways, the centerline taxiway lighting is extended to the runway cen-
terline by lights spaced at 15m intervals. Alternate green and yellow lights are used for that sec-
tion of the exit taxiway up to the taxi-holding position lighting.
6.2.4 Rapid-Exit Taxiway Lights
6.2.4.1 On rapid-exit taxiways, the centerline lighting is extended to the runway centerline by
lights at 15m intervals. This spacing is continued until the high-speed taxiway becomes incorpora-
ted into the normal taxiway system.
6.2.5 Taxi-Holding Position Lighting
6.2.5.1 Holding point lighting consists of three lights showing yellow in the direction of the
approach to the runway. When taxiway edge lighting is provided, the holding point lighting con-
sists of a pair of yellow lights in line with the holding point.
6.2.6 Intermediate Holding Position Lights
6.2.6.1 On a taxiway equipped with centerline lights, the intermediate holding position lights con-
sist of at least three (3) lights showing yellow in the direction of the approach to the intermediate
holding position marking or the taxiway intersection marking, as appropriate. When taxiway side
lighting is provided, the intermediate holding position lights consist of a pair of yellow lights in line
with the runway holding position marking, intermediate holding position marking or taxiway inter-
section marking, as appropriate.
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Intermediate Holding Position Lights
6.2.7 STOP BARS

6.2.7.1 A stop bar is unidirectional and shows red in the direction of approach to the stop bar
from the taxiway. The stop bar lights are spaced 3m apart and 0.3m before the point at which it is
intended that traffic approaching the runway must stop. The stop bar lights are at right angles to
the taxiway centerline. When a stop bar is on at night or when low visibility procedures are in
force, any taxiway centerline lights immediately beyond the stop bar are switched off for a dis-
tance of at least 90M; once the stop bar is switched off the centerline lights beyond the stop bar
are switched on.
Stop Bar Lights

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6.3 APRON LIGHTING

6.3.1 Apron floodlighting provides illumination on all apron service areas with a minimum of
glare to users and a minimizing of shadows.
6.4 PARTIAL UNSERVICEABILITY AREA LIGHTING

6.4.1 At aerodromes where night operations are permitted, the limits of unserviceable portions
of the movement area are marked with steady red lights during the hours of darkness.
6.5 WIND DIRECTION INDICATOR LIGHTING

6.5.1 At aerodromes intended for night operations, the primary wind indicator, and maybe
others, are illuminated. Wind direction indicator lighting may be included in the pilot activated
lighting (PAL) system.
6.6 AERODROME BEACONS

6.6.1 Aerodrome beacons are designed to be visible from at least 8km at altitudes from 1000 ft
to 5000 ft in restricted visibility.
6.6.2 Beacons may show white flashes alternating with green flashes or white flashes only.
6.6.3 At locations where an ATS unit is established, the beacon is operated at night, and by day
during conditions of reduced visibility, while the unit is open. When the aircraft traffic does not
warrant continuous display, the beacon will be operated for known aircraft movements. The
beacon is available on request.
6.7 OBSTACLE LIGHTING

6.7.1 At an aerodrome where night operations are permitted, constructed obstacles and signifi-
cant terrain which penetrate the obstacle limitation surface of an aerodrome, or which are on the
movement area, are obstacle-lit unless shielded by an obstacle which is already lit. Three types of
lights are used:
a. low intensity STEADY RED light for most situations;
b. medium intensity FLASHING RED light (hazard beacon) for early or special warning;
c. flashing WHITE (strobe) light for day/night marking of tall structures.
6.7.2 In areas away from aerodromes, constructed obstacles that would be marked in accord-
ance with para 6.7.1 above will normally be lit.
6.8 GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT LANES OF ENTRY

6.8.1 Certain light aircraft lanes located near major aerodromes have strobe lights that mark the
centerline of the lane.
6.9 APPROACH LIGHTING

6.9.1 There are several forms of approach lighting systems that may be used on a runway,
depending on the type of runway and kinds of approach made to that runway.
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6.9.2 For a non-precision approach runway or a non-instrument runway used at night, a simple
approach lighting system (SALS) may be provided. (see below)
Simple Approach Lighting
6.9.3 For a precision approach runway on which CAT I approaches are conducted, 2 types of
approach lighting system may be provided:
a. Precision approach CAT I lighting system; distance coded centerline. This type of
approach lighting system is also known as the ‘Calvert’ system. (see below)
b. Precision approach CAT I lighting system; barrette centerline. This type of approach
lighting system is also known as Approach Lighting System with Sequenced Flashing Lights
(ALSF). As its other name implies, this type of approach lighting system includes a ‘running
rabbit’ array of sequenced flashing lights. (see below)
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Precision Approach CAT I Lighting System
6.9.4 For a precision approach runway on which CAT II or III approaches are conducted an
approach light system similar to one of the types shown below will be provided.
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Precision Approach CAT II and III Lighting System
6.10 OPERATION OF MULTI-STAGE INTENSITY APPROACH AND RUNWAY

LIGHTING
6.10.1 Precision approach runway lighting has five or six stages of intensity, and other multi-
stage systems have three. Intensity commences with stage 1 with the first three common to all
systems.
6.10.2 Multi-stage intensity approach and runway lighting is operated as follows:
a. the initial intensity is normally selected by the tower controller;
b. variation to the intensity is upon pilot request with an expectation that the pilot will request a
lower intensity as the aircraft nears the runway to reduce dazzle;
c. pilots are advised when the equipment is operating in a visibility of 5000m or less; and
d. when requesting a change in intensity the pilot need only ask for a higher or lower stage.
6.11 PILOT ACTIVATED LIGHTING (PAL)

6.11.1 Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL) installations provide a means of activation of aerodrome,
runway, taxiway, apron, VASIS and wind indicator lighting. The lighting is activated using coded
carrier wave only VHF transmissions within a short range of a PAL equipped aerodrome.
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6.11.2 Operation of VHF Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL)

a. ON DEPARTURE: Before taxi
b. ON ARRIVAL: Within 15 NM of AD, and at or ABV LSALT select the appropriate VHF FREQ:
1. Transmit pulse must be between 1 and 5 SECS.

2. Three pulses must be transmitted within 25 SECS. Ensure that the third pulse ends
before the 25th second.
3. Break between transmissions can be more or less than 1 SEC – (no limit)
Lights to illuminate for a minimum of 30 MINS. If not
– keep transmitting 3 SEC pulses
– check frequency
4. When runway lights are about to extinguish, the wind indicator light will flash continu-
ously. REPEAT OPERATING PROCEDURE.
6.11.3 PAL will remain illuminated for 30 to 60 minutes depending on the installation timer set-
ting. The wind indicator light will flash continuously during the last 10 minutes of lighting illumina-
tion to warn users that the lights are about to extinguish. To maintain continuity of lighting, repeat
the activation sequence.
6.11.4 PAL is indicated on applicable Terminal Airport Charts or in the Airport Directory at loca-
tions where available.
6.12 AERODROME FREQUENCY RESPONSE UNIT WITH PAL OPTION

(AFRU + PAL)
6.12.1 PAL operation may be provided as an optional function of the AFRU on the associated
aerodrome CTAF. Aerodrome lighting enabled by AFRU + PAL is available only during night
hours or at other times of low natural light levels. During periods of daylight, when the light inten-
sity is above a preset level, the system will not activate the lights.
6.12.2 Where a discrete PAL frequency is also provided, actuation of the aerodrome lights may
be effected either by using the PAL system on the discrete PAL frequency, or the AFRU + PAL
system on the CTAF.
6.12.3 On receipt of the required aircraft transmission, the AFRU will operate the aerodrome
lighting circuitry (runway and wind indicator lights). The AFRU will transmit the standard reply (the
aerodrome name and CTAF) immediately followed by the additional confirming message,
“RUNWAY LIGHTS ON”. If the lights do not illuminate, the AFRU will transmit the message, “NO
RUNWAY LIGHTS”. In this case, pilots should key the required transmission again or, alterna-
tively, change to the PAL frequency and operate the lights via the PAL.
6.12.4 AFRU + PAL required transmission is:
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6.12.5 After actuation, the aerodrome lights will remain illuminated for 30 minutes. After 20
minutes, the windsock lights will flash at 1 second intervals and the AFRU will transmit the mes-
sage, “RUNWAY LIGHTS TEN MINUTES REMAINING”. At any time, rekeying of the required
transmission will reset the lights for a period of 30 minutes.
7 VISUAL AIDS
7.1 VISUAL APPROACH SYSTEMS
7.1.1 Two types of visual approach slope indicating systems (VASIS) are approved for use in
Australia: T-VASIS, a high-intensity system for use by day or night; and Precision Approach Path
Indicator (PAPI), a color discrimination system usable by day or night.
7.1.2 The standard installation aims to provide an obstacle clearance of at least 11m above a
1.9 deg slope, within an azimuth splay of 7.5 deg either side of the runway centerline for a dis-
tance of 5 NM from the threshold (7 NM for a runway equipped with an ILS).
7.1.3 Control
7.1.3.1 When controlled by ATS, the operation of the relevant VASIS will be activated as fol-
lows:
a. whenever night landing facilities are activated;
b. by day, for all approaching RPT, jet, and military aircraft; and
c. by day, on request by other aircraft.
7.1.3.2 Where pilot activated lighting (PAL) is used to activate the runway lighting, the VASIS at
both ends of the runway will be activated where applicable.
7.1.4 T-VASIS
7.1.4.1 The cross-bar indicates on-slope and deviations appear as one, two or three lights
above or below the cross-bar. The sensitivity is similar to the “dot positions” on an ILS glide path.
7.1.4.2 Increased eye-height over the threshold can be achieved by flying the approach with one
or more of the “fly-down” lights visible.
APPROACH SLOPE INDICATION EYE HEIGHT ABOVE THRESHOLD

3 Lights fly up 0 to 7 ft
2 Lights fly up 7 ft to 25 ft
1 Light fly up 25 ft to 41 ft
ON GLIDE SLOPE 49 ft
1 Light fly down 57 ft to 75 ft
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APPROACH SLOPE INDICATION EYE HEIGHT ABOVE THRESHOLD

2 Lights fly down 75 ft to 94 ft
3 Lights fly down 94 ft to 176 ft
7.1.4.2.1 The above requirements may vary by 15 ft depending on the location of the system.
NOTE 1: The night azimuth splay is normally increased to 30 deg to permit T-VASIS to be visible
on base leg. However, obstacle clearance is not guaranteed until the aircraft is within the runway
approach obstacle limitation surface. Accordingly, T-VASIS should not be used for approach
slope guidance until the aircraft is aligned with the runway.
NOTE 2: The presence of a thin layer of ground fog or mist may produce abnormal T-VASIS indi-
cations, including: erroneous fly-down or fly-up signals; or other fly-up or fly-down lights together
with the correct lights (which are usually much brighter than the erroneous lights). Consequently,
pilots should exercise caution when using the T-VASIS in ground fog or other conditions condu-
cive to light reflection or refraction.
7.1.4.3 The intensity of the system may be varied at the request of the pilot.
7.1.4.4 An abbreviated version of T-VASIS (AT-VASIS) is used at some locations, with the
equipment located on only one side of the runway (usually the left).
7.1.5 PAPI
7.1.5.1 A PAPI installation consists of a set of four light boxes placed in a line at right angles to
the runway, abeam the touchdown point and usually on the left hand side. Each box radiates both
red and white light. The transition between the white and red will appear instantaneous to the pilot
(3 minutes of arc change); however, light changes between adjacent boxes will not occur unless
the approach slope changes by about 0.25 deg. A one degree progressive incremental spread
from the outermost to the innermost light unit about the standard approach angle provides the
visual guidance as shown in the following diagram.
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7.1.5.2 The correct approach slope is shown to a +/-10 minute tolerance when two red and two
white lights are seen. The two-red indication is always closest to the runway, irrespective of which
side of the runway the PAPI is installed.
7.1.5.3 Unlike T-VASIS, PAPI is a point source aid. Thus a non-standard approach will not sig-
nificantly alter the threshold crossing height; only the approach angle will change as illustrated
below.
NOTE: An aircraft descending through the PAPI signals into the four-red zone will receive no
additional clues as to further downward displacement from the approach slope — the four reds
may remain visible to ground level.
7.1.5.4 Since the meaning of a four-white PAPI indication is significantly different to the same T-
VASIS indication, pilots should verify which system is installed prior to conducting the approach.
7.1.5.5 Condensation on PAPI lenses is known to be a cause of color distortion. Therefore,
PAPI systems should be activated at least ten minutes prior to use so that any condensation that
may have formed on the lenses is evaporated before use.
7.2 VISUAL DOCKING GUIDANCE SYSTEM

7.2.1 Visual Docking Guidance Systems used in Australia are Nose-In-Guidance (NIG) systems
which provide both azimuth and stopping information for specific aircraft types. There are five (5)
systems in general use, and these are detailed on applicable TERMINAL Airport charts.
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7.3 WIND DIRECTION INDICATORS

7.3.1 At least one wind direction indicator is provided on each certified or registered aerodrome.
7.3.2 The primary wind indicator, colored white, is located near the terminal. Other wind indica-
tors are colored yellow, and those serving a particular runway are located upwind of the runway
threshold on the left side.
7.4 SEGMENTED CIRCLE

7.4.1 A Segmented Circle visual indicator system is one method that may be used to provide
circuit information at some non-towered aerodromes. Circuit indicators are placed in pairs at
opposite sides of the segmented circle to indicate runway alignment and circuit direction for each
set of reciprocal runways.
7.4.2 The segmented circle may be based around the primary wind indicator at an aerodrome.
Markings that may be placed upon the segmented circle include “Circuit Indicators”. These indica-
tors are used for the purpose of controlling the direction of the circuit when there is any variation
from the normal left hand circuit.
8 CONTROL OF VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

ON AERODROMES
8.1 Drivers of vehicles which need to operate on the maneuvering area must not seek permis-
sion to do so from ATC, unless the driver and vehicle holds the appropriate Driver Authority for
Use Airside as issued by the Airport Operator and/or Owner.
8.2 ATC has the authority to issue or to withhold, for reasons of traffic, permission for vehicular
or pedestrian movement on the maneuvering area. When it is permitted, such movement will be
rigidly controlled.
8.3 All persons, including drivers of vehicles, will be instructed to stop and hold position for radio
clearances, or light signal clearances, from the tower before crossing any runway or taxiway,
unless they are on a portion of the maneuvering area marked off by lights, flags or other conven-
tional warning signs. In radio advices to aircraft, ATC will identify as distinctly as possible, persons
or vehicles on the maneuvering area.
8.4 All persons, including drivers of vehicles, on the maneuvering area must stop and hold at all
lighted stop bars and may only proceed further when a clearance to enter or cross the runway has
been received and the stop bar lights have been switched off.
8.5 All persons, including drivers of vehicles, required to hold short of a runway, must hold at the
appropriate holding point for that runway, or the runway strip edge.
8.6 All persons, including drivers of vehicles, in receipt of a clearance from ATC to enter a
runway, must hold short of an intersecting runway except when an instruction “CROSS RUNWAY
(number)” has been issued and the stop bar lights, where fitted, have been switched off.
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GENERAL FLIGHT PROCEDURES
1 ALTIMETRY
1.1 PREFLIGHT ALTIMETER CHECK
1.1.1 General
1.1.1.1 Whenever an accurate QNH is available and the aircraft is at a known elevation, pilots
must conduct an accuracy check of the aircraft altimeter(s) at some point prior to take-off. In order
of priority, the pilot should use apron, threshold or airfield reference point elevation for the check.
NOTE: Where the first check indicates that an altimeter is unserviceable, the pilot is permitted to
conduct a further check at another location on the same airfield; for example, the first check on
the apron and the second at the runway threshold (to determine altimeter serviceability).
1.1.2 IFR Altimeters
1.1.2.1 With an accurate QNH set, the altimeter(s) should read the nominated elevation to within
60 ft. If an altimeter has an error in excess of +/- 75 ft, the altimeter is to be considered unservice-
able.
1.1.2.2 When two altimeters are required for the category of operation, one of the altimeters
must read the nominated elevation to within 60 ft. When the remaining altimeter has an error
between 60 ft and 75 ft, flight under the IFR to the first point of landing, where the accuracy of the
altimeter can be re-checked, is approved. In the event that the altimeter shows an error in excess
of 60 ft on the second check, the altimeter must be considered unserviceable for flight under the
IFR.
1.1.2.3 An aircraft fitted with two altimeters, but requiring only one for the category of operation,
may continue to operate under the IFR provided one altimeter reads the nominated elevation to
within 60 ft. Should the remaining altimeter have an error in excess of 75 ft, that altimeter must be
placarded unserviceable and the maintenance release appropriately endorsed.
1.1.2.4 When an aircraft is fitted with only one altimeter and that altimeter has an error between
60 ft and 75 ft, flight under the IFR to the first point of landing, where the accuracy of the altimeter
can be re-checked, is approved. In the event that the altimeter shows an error in excess of 60 ft
on the second check, the altimeter is to be considered unserviceable for flight under the IFR.
1.1.3 VFR Altimeters
1.1.3.1 With an accurate QNH set, a VFR altimeter(s) should read site elevation to within 100 ft
(110 ft at test sites above 3300 ft) to be accepted by the pilot as serviceable. If an aircraft fitted
with two VFR altimeters continues to fly with one altimeter reading 100 ft (110 ft) or more in error,
the faulty altimeter must be placarded unserviceable and the error noted in the maintenance
release.
1.1.3.2 VFR altimeters are not permitted for airplane operations above FL200. VFR flights oper-
ating above FL200 must be equipped with an altimeter calibrated to IFR standards.
1.1.4 Accurate QNH and Site Elevation
1.1.4.1 A QNH can be considered accurate if it is provided by ATIS, Tower or an automatic
remote-reporting aerodrome sensor. Area or forecast QNH must not be used for the test.
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1.1.4.2 Site elevation must be derived from aerodrome survey data published by Airservices or
supplied by the aerodrome owner.
1.2 ALTIMETER SETTING RULES

1.2.1 Transition Layer, Altitude and Level
1.2.1.1 The system of altimetry used in Australia makes use of a transition layer between the
transition altitude which is always 10,000 ft and the transition level of FL110 to FL125 depending
on QNH (see Figure 1) to separate aircraft using QNH from those using 1013.2 hPa as a datum.
1.2.1.2 For all operations at or below the Transition Altitude (in the Altimeter Setting region), the
altimeter reference setting will be:
a. the current Local QNH of a station along the route within 100 NM of the aircraft; or
b. the current Area Forecast QNH if the current Local QNH is not known.
1.2.1.3 For cruising in Standard Pressure Region, altimeter must be 1013.2 hPa.
1.2.1.4 The position to change between QNH and 1013.2 hPa shall always be in the Standard
Pressure Region on climb after passing 10,000 ft and prior to levelling off, or on descent to a level
in the Altimeter Setting Region prior to entering the Transition Layer and is shown in Figure 1.
1.2.1.5 QNH is available from a reporting station, the ATIS, the Terminal Area Forecast, the
Area Forecast, AERIS, or from ATS.
1.2.1.6 Cruising within the transition layer is not permitted.
1.2.2 Area QNH
1.2.2.1 Area QNH is a forecast value which is valid for a period of 3 hours and normally applies
throughout an Area QNH Zone (AQZ).
1.2.2.2 Area QNH Zones will be subdivided, if necessary, to meet the following standards of
accuracy:
a. Area QNH forecasts are to be within +/-5 hPa of the actual QNH at any low-level point
(below 1000 ft MSL) within or on, the boundary of the appropriate area during the period of
validity of the forecasts;
b. Area QNH must not differ from an adjoining Area QNH by more than 5 hPa.
1.2.3 Local QNH
1.2.3.1 Local QNH, whether provided by ATS, AWS, or Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) or by using
the altimeter subscale to indicate airfield elevation, is used as shown at Figure 1.
1.2.4 Limitations
1.2.4.1 To retain a minimum buffer of 1000 ft above the transition altitude, FL 110 must not be
used for cruising when the Area QNH is less than 1013 hPa. With a progressive decrease in the
value of the Area QNH, FL115 and FL120 must not be used when the Area QNH is below 997
hPa and 980 hPa respectively.
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1.2.4.2 At the oceanic limits of Australian FIRs, a pilot may fly a level different from those set out
in the tables of cruising levels due to Area QNH conflicting with the standard pressure setting.
1.2.5 General
1.2.5.1 Heights measured from a QNH or Area QNH datum must be expressed in full; e.g., 3000
ft as “THREE THOUSAND” and 1800 ft as “ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED”, adding if nec-
essary, “ON...(QNH)”.
1.2.5.2 Expressions of height measured from the 1013.2 hPa datum must always include the
words “FLIGHT LEVEL”.
Figure 1
2 FLIGHT RULES NOMINATION

2.1 The nomination of a flight as IFR or VFR determines:
a. the flight notification requirements;
b. separation requirements in Classes A, C, and D airspace;
c. separation requirements for aircraft in receipt of an airways clearance in Class E airspace;
and
d. traffic information requirements in classes E and G airspace.
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2.2 Flight rules must be indicated in any flight notification, except for VFR flights operating
wholly outside controlled airspace nominating a SARTIME. An RPT flight capable of compliance
with the IFR, must indicate “IFR” on all flight notifications.
2.3 Flights which, within a single stage, will be flown under both the IFR and VFR must indicate:
a. in the Flight Rules section of the flight notification, the flight rules applicable to the first route
segment of the flight plan; Y to indicate IFR first then VFR, or Z to indicate VFR first then
IFR;
b. in field 15 of the flight notification, the position at which the change of flight rules will occur;
and
c. for each subsequent stage, the flight rules applicable to that stage, with a change in field 15
if applicable.
NOTE: The use of Y or Z must not be used to indicate a variation of flight rules between indi-
vidual stages. Where the flight rules field is left blank on a multi-stage flight, the previous
flight rule will apply.
3 VISUAL METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (VMC) — TAKE-

OFF, ENROUTE AND LANDING
3.1 CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — CLASS A
3.1.1 IFR flights only are permitted.
3.2 CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — CLASS C
TYPE OF AIR- FLIGHT VISIBILI- DISTANCE FROM CLOUD

HEIGHT
CRAFT TY HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
At or Above
Airplanes, Helicop- 8km
10,000 ft 1500m 1000 ft
ters and Balloons
Below 10,000 ft 5000m
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS: ATC may permit operations in weather conditions which do not
meet this criteria. (Special VFR)
3.3 CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — CLASS D

HEIGHT
Airplanes, Helicop- 1000 ft/above
Within Class D 5000m 600m
ters and Balloons 500 ft/below
ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS: ATC may permit operations in weather conditions which do not
meet this criteria. (Special VFR)
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3.4 CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — CLASS E

HEIGHT
At or Above
Airplanes, Helicop- 8km
10,000 ft 1500m 1000 ft
ters and Balloons
Below 10,000 ft 5km
3.5 NON-CONTROLLED AIRSPACE — CLASS G
Item Type of Height at Applicable Applicable Conditions

Aircraft which ap- distance for distances for
plicable flight visibil- vertical and
ity horizontal dis-
tances from
cloud visibility
1 Aero- At or above 8km 1000 ft vertical
planes, 10,000 ft 1500m horizon-
helicopters AMSL tal
and bal-
loons
2 Aero- Below 5000m 1000 ft vertical
planes, 10,000 ft 1500m horizon-
helicopters AMSL. tal
and bal- (Subject to
loons items 3, 4,
5, 6 and 7,
below)
3 Aero- Subject to 5000m Clear of cloud Radio must be carried and
planes, items 4, 5, 6 and in sight of used on the appropriate
helicopters and 7, at or ground or water frequency
and bal- below
loons whichever is
the higher
of:
a. 3000 ft
AMSL;
b. 1000 ft
AGL
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ity horizontal dis-
tances from
cloud visibility
4 Helicopters a. Below 800m Clear of cloud a. Day operation only;
700 ft b. at a speed that allows
above the pilot adequate op-
ground; portunity to see any
or obstructions or air
b. below traffic in sufficient time
700 ft to avoid collision;
above
c. if operating less than
water
10 NM from an aero-
when
drome with an ap-
operat-
proved instrument ap-
ing at a
proach procedure —
dis-
then:
tance
from 1. in accordance
land with all require-
that al- ments to report,
lows broadcast and
compli- maintain a listen-
ance ing watch; and
with 2. maintaining a
CAR separation of at
258 least 500 ft verti-
(1). cally from any
aircraft conduct-
ing an IFR oper-
ation less than
10 NM from the
aerodrome.
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ity horizontal dis-
tances from
cloud visibility
5 Helicopters Below 700 ft a. 5000m, a. 600m hori- a. 1. Day operation
above water if only zontal and only;
when oper- condi- 500 ft ver- 2. at a speed that
ating at a tion a. is tical, if on- allows the pilot
distance com- ly condi- adequate oppor-
from land plied tion a. is tunity to see any
greater than with complied obstructions or
that which with
b. 800m, if air traffic in suffi-
allows com- condi- b. Clear of cient time to
pliance with tions a. cloud, if avoid collision;
CAR 258 (1) and b. conditions 3. if operating less
are both a. and b. than 10 NM from
com- are both an aerodrome
plied complied with an approved
with with instrument ap-
proach proce-
dure — then:
(a) in accord-
ance with all
require-
ments to re-
port, broad-
cast and
maintain a
listening
watch; and
(b) maintaining
a separation
of at least
500 ft verti-
cally from
any aircraft
conducting
an IFR op-
eration less
than 10 NM
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ity horizontal dis-
tances from
cloud visibility
from the
aerodrome.
a. The applicable distan-
ces for vertical and
horizontal distances
from cloud visibility do
not apply if the heli-
copter:
1. uses track guid-
ance provided by
an approved op-
erating radio
navigation aid;
and
2. is equipped with
a complementary
radio navigation
system.
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ity horizontal dis-
tances from
cloud visibility
6 Balloons Below 5000m Clear of cloud No vertical clearance from
1500 ft cloud below the balloon is
above required provided:
ground or a. the top of the cloud is
water at or below 500 ft
above ground or wa-
ter; and
b. the balloon is at least
10 NM from an aero-
drome with an ap-
proved instrument ap-
proach procedure
7 Balloons Below 500 ft 100m Not applicable Day operation only provi-
above ded the balloon is at least
ground or 10 NM from an aerodrome
water with an approved instru-
ment approach procedure.
4 FLIGHT RULES
4.1 THE VISUAL FLIGHT RULES (VFR)
4.1.1 VFR flight may only be conducted:
a. in VMC;
b. provided that, when operating at or below 2000 ft above the ground or water, the pilot is able
to navigate by visual reference to the ground or water;
c. at sub-sonic speeds; and
d. in accordance with speed restrictions.
4.1.2 Unless the pilot-in-command holds a Command Instrument Rating or night VFR (NGT
VFR) rating and the aircraft is appropriately equipped for flight at night, a VFR flight must not
depart from an aerodrome:
a. before first light or after last light; and
b. unless the ETA for the destination (or alternate) is at least 10 minutes before last light after
allowing for any required holding.
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4.2 SPECIAL VFR

4.2.1 By day, when VMC do not exist, the ATC unit responsible for a CTR may issue, at pilot
request, a Special VFR flight clearance for flight in the CTR, or in a CTA next to the CTR, for the
purpose of entering or leaving the CTR, provided the Special VFR flight will not unduly delay an
IFR flight.
4.2.1.1 When operating under a special VFR clearance, pilots are responsible for ensuring that:
a. the flight is conducted clear of clouds;
b. the visibility is not less than:
1. for aeroplanes, 1600m;
2. for helicopters, 800m; or
3. for balloons, 100m below 500 ft AGL and 3000m at and above 500 ft AGL;
c. a helicopter is operated at such a speed that the pilot has adequate opportunity to observe
any obstructions or other traffic in sufficient time to avoid a collision; and
d. the flight is conducted in accordance with the requirements of CAR 157 with regard to low
flying.
4.2.2 Special VFR is not permitted in Class E airspace.
4.3 THE INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR)

4.3.1 The IFR must be used by flights conducted in circumstances other than those specified in
paragraph 4.1, unless otherwise specifically authorized by the CASA. In the case of single-engine
aircraft, IFR flights are restricted to private, airwork and freight-only charter operations unless oth-
erwise specifically approved by the CASA. IFR flights must be conducted in accordance with the
speed restrictions set forth in paragraph 7 of this chapter.
5 NAVIGATION REQUIREMENTS
5.1 FLIGHT UNDER THE IFR
5.1.1 An aircraft operating under the IFR must be navigated by:
a. a full time licensed flight navigator; or
b. an approved area navigation system that meets performance requirements of the intended
airspace or route; or
c. use of a radio navigation system or systems on routes where, after making allowance for
possible tracking errors of +/-9° from the last positive fix, the aircraft will come within the
rated coverage of a radio aid which can be used to fix the position of the aircraft. The maxi-
mum time interval between positive fixes must not exceed two (2) hours; or
d. visual reference to the ground or water by day, on route segments where suitable enroute
radio navigation aids are not available, provided that weather conditions permit flight in VMC
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and the visual position fixing requirements of paragraphs 5.2.2 and 5.2.2.1 are able to be
met.
NOTE: Area navigation systems may only be used as the primary means of navigation if the
system installed in the aircraft has been approved by the CASA and the pilot-in-command
operates the system in accordance with the terms of this approval.
5.2 FLIGHT UNDER THE VFR

5.2.1 The pilot-in-command of a VFR flight must navigate the aircraft by visual reference to the
ground or water, or by using any of the methods specified for IFR, except that when operating at
or below 2000 ft above the ground or water, the pilot-in-command must be able to navigate by
visual reference to the ground or water.
5.2.2 When navigating by visual reference to the ground or water, the pilot-in-command must
positively fix the aircraft’s position by visual reference to features shown on topographical charts
at intervals not exceeding 30 minutes.
5.2.2.1 When flying over the sea, such features may include rocks, reefs and fixed man-made
objects which are marked on suitable charts and are readily identifiable from the air.
NOTE: Flight above more than SCT cloud, or over featureless land areas, or over the sea, may
preclude visual position fixing at the required intervals and may therefore make visual navigation
impracticable.
5.2.3 When navigating by visual reference in controlled airspace, the pilot must notify ATC if the
aircraft’s track diverges by more than one (1) NM from the track approved by ATC, or, if navigat-
ing by reference to radio navigation aids, by more than the tolerances given in paragraph 5.6.
5.2.4 VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud is available provided that:
a. VMC can be maintained during the entire flight, including climb, cruise and descent.
b. For VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud, the visual position fixing requirements of para-
graphs 5.2.2 and 5.2.2.1, or the other navigational requirements of paragraph 5.1 must be
met.
c. Prior to conducting a VFR flight on top of more than SCT of cloud, the pilot-in-command
must ensure that current forecasts and observations (including those available in flight
observations) indicate that conditions in the area of, and during the period of, the planned
descent below the cloud layer will permit the descent to be conducted in VMC.
d. The position at which descent below cloud is planned to occur must be such as to enable
continuation of the flight to the destination and, if required, an alternate aerodrome in VMC.
NOTE 1: A pilot must not undertake a VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud unless the air-
craft is equipped with serviceable flight and navigation instruments as specified in CAO 20.18,
Appendix IV (not published herein).
NOTE 2: Pilots should not initiate VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud when weather condi-
tions are marginal. Before committing to operate VFR flight on top of more than SCT cloud, pilots
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should be confident that meteorological information used is reliable and current, and clearly indi-
cates that the entire flight will be able to be conducted in VMC.
5.2.5 When navigating by reference to radio navigation systems, the pilot-in-command must
obtain positive radio fixes at the intervals and by the methods prescribed in paragraphs 5.1 and
5.5.
5.2.6 The pilot-in-command of a VFR flight wishing to navigate by means of radio navigation
systems or any other means must indicate in the flight notification only those radio navigation aids
with which the aircraft is equipped and the pilot is qualified to use.
NOTE: “Qualified” means the holder of an instrument rating or NVFR rating which is endorsed for
the particular navigation aid or any private or higher category pilot who has received in-flight
instruction from a qualified flight instructor in the use of the radio navigation aid as the sole means
of navigation, and who is competent to navigate by use of the aid.
5.2.7 VFR flights must not be conducted above FL200 unless:
a. the pilot in command or, if more than one pilot is required, each pilot:
– holds a valid command or co-pilot instrument rating or grade of private IFR rating that
authorizes the pilot to conduct IFR operations in that airspace; and
– complies with the recent experience requirements of section 40.2.1 or 40.2.3 of CAOs as
applicable to the particular flight; and
b. the aircraft is equipped for flight under the IFR; and
c. the aircraft is engaged in an 'IFR pick up', 'VFR climb/descent' or 'VFR on top' procedure as
published in DEPARTURE, APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES; and
d. the aircraft remains in Class “E” airspace.
5.3 TIME
5.3.1 During flight, pilots must maintain a time reference accurate to within +/- 30 seconds.
5.4 TRACK KEEPING

5.4.1 Tolerances are applied to tracks to assess containment areas for the purposes of ensuring
navigational integrity, separation from other aircraft, terrain and obstacle clearance, and avoid-
ance of specified airspaces. Although allowing for errors inherent in the navigation systems used,
these tolerances are based on the assumption that the pilot will maintain track as closely as pos-
sible.
5.4.2 The pilot-in-command must, at all times, take positive action to regain track as soon as a
deviation from the correct track is recognized.
5.4.3 When using radio navigation aids as the primary means of navigation the aircraft must be
navigated by reference to the aid which provides the most precise track guidance with which the
aircraft is equipped and the pilot is qualified to use.
5.4.3.1 The order of precision is Localizer, GNSS, VOR, then NDB.
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5.4.4 When track guidance is provided by radio navigation aids, but navigation is by an
approved self-contained navigation system or long range radio navigation system, the pilot must
maintain track as defined by the most accurate radio navigation aid available.
5.4.5 Area navigation systems suitable for approval are based on GNSS or INS or IRS. When
navigation is by an approved area navigation system, autopilot coupling to the area navigation
system, if available, should be used whenever practicable. The pilot must monitor the navigation
system and ensure that the aircraft maintains the intended flight path.
5.5 POSITION FIXING

5.5.1 A positive radio fix is one determined by the passage of the aircraft over:
a. a NDB; or
b. a VOR station; or
c. a DME; or
d. is one determined by GNSS meeting the equipment and pilot requirements of Area Naviga-
tion (RNAV) Systems Approval and Operations
e. is one determined by the intersection of two or more position lines which intersect with
angles of not less than 45° and which are obtained from NDBs, VORs, Localizers or DMEs in
any combination.
For the purpose of this paragraph, a position line must be within the rated coverage of the aid with
the exception that if a fix is determined entirely by position lines from NDBs, the position lines
must be within a range of 30 NM from each of the NDBs.
5.6 AIRCRAFT OFF-TRACK IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE – ADVICE TO

ATC
5.6.1 In controlled airspace, separation standards are based on the pilot maintaining track as
closely as possible at all times. Corrective action must be taken to regain track as soon as any
deviation is observed.
5.6.2 Additionally, the pilot must immediately notify ATC if the aircraft is found to be off-track by
any of the deviations described below:
a. where track guidance is provided by a localizer or VOR — half-scale deflection or more of
the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI);
b. where track guidance is provided by NDB — +/- 5° or more from the specified bearing;
c. where track guidance is provided by DME — +/- 2 NM or more from the required arc;
d. where track guidance is provided by an area navigation system — when Navigation System
Error (ANP, EPE, HPL/HAL depending on the system in use) plus Flight Technical Error
(FTE) exceed the RNAV or RNP value for the route or procedure being flown, Flight Techni-
cal Error (FTE) should be limited to half scale deflection of the CDI or Lateral Deviation indi-
cator (LDEV) as appropriate; and
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e. when navigating by visual reference to the ground or water — more than 1 NM from the
cleared track.
NOTE: The values given above must not be interpreted as defining a sector within which the
pilot is permitted to navigate.
5.7 DEVIATION FROM TRACK

5.7.1 In controlled airspace, any deviation from track requires prior clearance from ATC, except
in emergency. The values given in paragraphs 5.6 and 5.11 must not be interpreted as tolerances
within which deviations from track without clearance are permitted.
5.8 DEVIATIONS DUE WEATHER

5.8.1 In controlled airspace, any deviation from track due weather requires prior clearance from
ATC. If unable to obtain a clearance, and the pilot-in-command considers the deviation neces-
sary, a PAN call specifying details of the deviation must be broadcast on the appropriate frequen-
cies. Pilots must be aware that the declaration of an emergency does not guarantee the aircraft
safe passage, especially if the deviation is into an active restricted area.
5.9 DEVIATIONS INTO RESTRICTED AREAS

5.9.1 Any deviation from track into an active restricted area requires prior clearance from ATC. If
unable to obtain a clearance, and the pilot in command considers there is no safer alternative
course of action, squawk emergency and declare a PAN specifying details of the deviation on the
appropriate ATC and emergency frequencies. Aircraft entering active restricted areas without a
clearance proceed at their own risk. Pilots must be aware that the declaration of an emergency
does not guarantee the aircraft safe passage. Calls on emergency frequencies should be repea-
ted at regular intervals during transit of the restricted area.
5.9.2 Prior to re-entering CTA, a clearance from ATC must be obtained.
5.10 LONG OVER-WATER FLIGHTS

5.10.1 If an aircraft on a long over-water flight operating in oceanic class A airspace has inad-
vertently deviated from the route specified in its ATC clearance, the pilot must take action to
regain the cleared route within 200 NM from the position at which the deviation was observed.
5.11 AVOIDING CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

5.11.1 The pilot-in-command of an aircraft operating in Class G airspace, or to the VFR in Class
E airspace, must apply appropriate tolerances to the flight path to ensure that controlled airspace,
or restricted areas, are not infringed.
5.11.2 In calculating whether an intended flight path may infringe controlled airspace, the follow-
ing navigational tolerances must be applied to the intended flight path depending on method of
navigation used. These tolerances may be rounded up to the nearest half degree, where applica-
ble, for practical purposes:
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NDB +/- 6.9°

VOR/TACAN +/- 5.2°
DR +/- 12°
RNAV5/RNAV10(RNP10)/RNP4 +/- 14 NM
RNP2/GPSRNAV/GPSOCEANIC +/- 7 NM
NOTE: For DR tracking +/- 9° may be used where initial tracking guidance has been provided by
NDB, VOR or TACAN and there is no subsequent change in track.
VISUAL (Powered Aircraft)

0 - 2000 ft AGL +/- 1 NM (+/- 2 NM night)
2001 ft - 5000 ft AGL +/- 2 NM (+/- 3 NM night)
5001 ft - 10,000 ft AGL +/- 4 NM (+/- 5 NM night)
VISUAL (Gliders)
0 ft - 10,000 ft +/- 5 NM
VISUAL (All Aircraft)

10,001 ft - FL200 +/- 8 NM
FL205 - FL300 +/- 12 NM
FL305 - FL400 +/- 16 NM
5.12 RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEMS

5.12.1 An aircraft operated under the IFR or at night under the VFR must be equipped with at
least the serviceable and type-approved radio navigation systems specified in the following table:
SYSTEMS
TYPE OF OPERATION CONDITIONS
Number Type
ADF or VOR Any combination that includes at
or TSO- least 1 ADF or VOR.
2 C145a or
Regular Public Transport (RPT) C146a
GNSS
DME or Notes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7
and 1
GNSS
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SYSTEMS
Number Type
or 2 C145a or Notes 6 and 7
C146a
GNSS or
equivalent
ADF or VOR Any combination that includes at
or TSO- least 1 ADF or VOR.
2 C145a or
C146a
GNSS
Charter/Airwork above 5700kg
and 1 DME or Notes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7
MTOW
GNSS
C145a or Notes 6 and 7
C146a
or 2
GNSS or
equivalent
ADF, or Applicable to operations in control-
VOR, or led airspace.
2
DME, or Any combination that includes at
Charter/Airwork 5700kg or less GNSS least 1 ADF or VOR. Note 3.
MTOW and Private in CTA or 1 or TSO-
C145a or
TSO-C146a
GNSS Notes 6 and 7
ADF or VOR Applicable to operations in non-
or TSO- controlled airspace.
CHTR/AWK 5700kg or less
1 C145a or Notes 6 and 7
MTOW and Private in non-CTA
C146a
GNSS
ADF, VOR or Note 3
Night VFR 1
GNSS
Not required for CAT 1 operations
when serviceable DME or GNSS is
75 Mhz fitted and glide slope guidance and
ILS and Localizer 1 Marker Bea- accuracy can be checked by refer-
con Receiver ence to DME information provided
on the appropriate instrument ap-
proach chart. Note 5.
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SYSTEMS
Number Type
NOTE 1: The equipment specified in the table above is the minimum required to be serviceable
for any flight under the IFR or at night under the VFR. Additional radio navigation equipment may
be required to meet the navigation requirements cited in General Flight Procedures, and the al-
ternate requirements contained in Airports and Ground Aids depending on the navigation aids
available and the weather conditions prevailing over the planned route and at the destination.
NOTE 2: Aircraft may continue to operate with unserviceable DME and GNSS equipment in
Class G. In controlled airspace, where ATC uses radar as the primary means of separating air-
craft, operation with unserviceable DME and GNSS is permitted if the aircraft is fitted with a serv-
iceable Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) Transponder. This does not relieve the aircraft
from the requirement for two ADF, VOR, TSO-C145a or TSO-146a GNSS receivers.
NOTE 3: In this table GNSS refers to GNSS equipment certified to TSO-C129, C129a, C145a,
C146a or equivalent as determined by CASA.
NOTE 4: Where TSO-C145a, or TSO-146a GNSS equipment is carried to meet the requirement
for two ADF, VOR, TSO-C145a or TSO-C146a GNSS receivers, the requirement for one DME or
GNSS receiver is also met.
NOTE 5: GNSS receivers that comply with GPS navigation equipment standards detailed in TSO
C129, C129a, C145a, C146a, or equivalent standard approved by CASA, may be used in lieu of
DME for instrument approaches for which DME is required subject to the following conditions:
a. the reference position used is annotated on the approach chart; and
b. the substituted DME reference position can be selected from the database.
NOTE 6: CASA may approve equivalent equipment to GPS receivers certified to TSO C129,
C129a, C145a, or C146a.
NOTE 7: GNSS receivers must be fitted in accordance with AC 21-36 or other equivalent adviso-
ry information applicable at the time of fitment.
5.13 AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR

5.13.1 IFR RPT and charter aircraft which are required to be crewed by two or more pilots must
be fitted with an approved airborne weather radar system. Unpressurized turbine engined aircraft
with a maximum take-off weight of not greater than 5700kg and unpressurized piston engine air-
craft are exempt from this requirement.
5.13.2 Serviceability of Airborne Weather Radar
5.13.2.1 An aircraft which is required to be fitted with an airborne weather radar system must not
depart if the radar is unserviceable and available forecasts indicate probability of thunderstorms
or cloud formations associated with severe turbulence anywhere along the route to be flown,
including the route to a planned alternate.
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5.13.2.2 An aircraft which is required to be fitted with an airborne weather radar system which
becomes unserviceable during a flight may continue that flight so long as the aircraft avoids pene-
tration of any cloud formation likely to be associated with severe turbulence.
5.14 GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (GPWS)

5.14.1 A turbine engined airplane that:
a. has a maximum take-off weight of more than 15,000kg, or is carrying 10 or more passen-
gers; and
b. is engaged in regular public transport, or charter operations;
must not be operated under the Instrument Flight Rules unless it is fitted with:
1. an approved GPWS that has a predictive terrain hazard warning function; or
2. if the aeroplane has a maximum take-off weight of 5,700kg or less, but is carrying 10 or more
passengers – a TAWS -B+ system.
Subject to the provisions of an approved Minimum Equipment List (MEL) under paragraph 10 of
CAO 20.18, an aeroplane required to be fitted with a GPWS shall not depart with that equipment
unserviceable from an aerodrome where facilities are available to repair or replace the GPWS
and in no case shall an aeroplane be operated with its GPWS unserviceable for a period exceed-
ing 24 hours from the time the equipment was determined to be unserviceable.
5.15 ATS SURVEILLANCE

5.15.1 Aircraft Requirements
5.15.1.1 Aircraft must be fitted with a serviceable Mode A and Mode C, or Mode S, SSR trans-
ponder for operations as follows:
– All aircraft within classes A, B and C airspace and any class of airspace at or above 10,000 ft
AMSL.
– All aircraft, except aircraft operating to the VFR which are not fitted with an engine driven elec-
trical system capable of continuously powering a transponder, within Class E airspace below
10,000 ft AMSL.
5.15.1.2 For Mode S equipped aircraft, transmitted Aircraft Identification must exactly match the
Aircraft Identification shown in Item 7 of the filed Flight Notification or, when no flight notification
has been filed, the aircraft registration.
NOTE 1: Mode C and Mode S operation requires the provision of pressure altitude information to
the transponder equipment.
NOTE 2: Procedures for operational use of SSR transponders and transponder codes are
detailed in ATS Surveillance Services and Procedures.
NOTE 3: Currently, some aircraft (that are not capable of powering a transponder) may be operat-
ing without a transponder in Class E airspace and Class G airspace. There may also be occa-
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sions where aircraft without a transponder operate in Class A airspace, in which case they will be
separated from other aircraft by ATC.
5.15.1.3 ADS-B Equipment
5.15.1.3.1 Aircraft must carry serviceable ADS-B transmitting equipment that complies with an
approved equipment configuration when operating at or above FL290 in Australian territorial air-
space.
5.15.1.3.2 An aircraft, which is fitted with serviceable ADS-B transmitting equipment that com-
plies with an approved equipment configuration, must operate the equipment continuously during
the flight in all airspace at all altitudes unless the pilot is directed or approved otherwise by ATC.
5.15.1.3.3 An aircraft fitted with non-compliant ADS-B transmitting equipment must not fly in
Australian territory unless the equipment is:
a. deactivated; or
b. set to transmit only a value of zero for the NUCp or NIC; or
c. operated under the provisions of 5.15.1.3.4.
NOTE: It is considered equivalent to deactivation if NUCp or NIC is set to continually transmit only
a value of zero.
5.15.1.3.4 An aircraft, fitted with non-compliant ADS-B transmitting equipment, may operate
without the equipment deactivated under all of the following conditions:
a. the aircraft is undertaking an ADS-B test flight;
b. the flight is conducted in VMC; and
c. the operation is below FL290.
5.15.1.3.5 Aircraft with demonstrated non-complying ADS-B transmissions will be notified by
ATC at the time of detection. The pilot in command will be requested to contact ATC on comple-
tion of the flight for additional information regarding the observed issue. ATC must be notified of
fault correction within 24 hours or ADS-B services for that aircraft will be withdrawn. ADS-B serv-
ices will be restored within 48 hours when advice is received of corrective action.
5.15.1.4 ADS-B Exemptions
5.15.1.4.1 Aircraft operators proposing operation of an aircraft that is not compliant with the
ADS-B regulatory standards or is not fitted with ADS-B equipment must request an exemption
from CASA at least 4 weeks before the date of flight.
5.15.1.4.2 Exemption requests must be accompanied by a safety impact assessment and CASA
approval of any submission for an exemption would be influenced by the potential impact on the
safety of Air Traffic Management.
5.15.1.4.3 Where an aircraft is ADS-B equipped but the equipment has become unserviceable
before flight, the pilot in command or aircraft operator must contact Airservices Australia for prior
approval of any flight proposed at or above FL290. Any approval agreed by ATC for the flight will
be subject to operational conditions.
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5.15.1.4.4 Once an exemption or short term approval is obtained, clearance to operate at or

above FL290 will be made by Air Traffic Control at the time of flight and is subject to traffic man-
agement considerations. Aircraft equipped with ADS-B will be afforded priority.
5.15.1.4.5 Where ADS-B equipment becomes unserviceable in flight, Airservices Australia may
approve the flight to continue to the airport of ultimate destination, including any intermediate
stops, and/ or to proceed to a place where suitable repairs can be made. Approval of such flight is
subject to traffic management considerations at the time.
5.15.1.5 STATE Aircraft
5.15.1.5.1 State aircraft fitted with non-compliant ADS-B transmitting equipment should operate
within the provisions of 5.15.1.3.3 but may also apply the conditions of 5.15.1.5.2. The ADS-B
equipment non-compliance must be detailed in the flight notification when the aircraft operates
within Australian territorial airspace.
NOTE: The operation of non-compliant ADS-B equipment can significantly affect and degrade
ATS surveillance capability.
5.15.1.5.2 Pilots of state aircraft that are not ADS-B equipped requiring to operate at or above
FL290 for operational reasons, must flight plan as a special requirements flight (MIL SPEC REQ)
in accordance with FLIGHT PLANNING APPENDIX 2 ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION.
NOTE: State aircraft in flight that have not flight planned as above may request operation at or
above FL290 under the provisions of CLIMB AND CRUISE paragraph 3 Cruising Levels.
5.15.2 SSR Transponder Exemptions
5.15.2.1 General exemptions against the requirement for carriage of SSR transponders are in
force for aircraft certified without an engine-driven electrical system; eg, balloons, gliders and anti-
que aircraft.
5.15.2.2 Specific ATC exemption against the requirement, for carriage of SSR transponders, for
the portions of flights subject to a clearance, may be available subject to agreement with the rele-
vant ATC unit as follows:
a. For operation of an aircraft with an operating transponder, but without operating automatic
pressure altitude reporting equipment having a Mode C capability, the request may be made
at any time.
b. For operation of an aircraft with an unserviceable transponder to the airport of ultimate desti-
nation, including any intermediate stops, or to proceed to a place where suitable repairs can
be made or both, the request may be made at any time.
c. For operation of an aircraft that is not equipped with a transponder, the request must be
made at least one (1) hour before the proposed operation.
5.16 TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS)

5.16.1 Aircraft fitted with a serviceable ACAS / TCAS, and with a crew trained in its use, are per-
mitted to operate that system while in Australian airspace. All turbine-powered commercial trans-
port aeroplanes certified to carry more than 30 passengers, or which have a MTOW in excess of
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15,000kg, are required to carry and operate TCAS II equipment while in Australia airspace. Pilots
are expected to react to TCAS alerts as follows:
a. Traffic Advisory: In the case of a Traffic Advisory the pilot will attempt to establish visual
contact and change the flight path only if a collision risk is established visually.
b. Resolution Advisory: In the case of a Resolution Advisory the pilot will respond in accord-
ance with the collision avoidance maneuver prescribed by the TCAS system.
NOTE 1: In controlled airspace, the controlling agency must be advised as soon as practica-
ble when a Resolution Advisory maneuver is initiated.
NOTE 2: Not all transponders used in Australian airspace are compatible with TCAS II,
which cannot detect aircraft fitted with the incompatible transponders.
5.16.2 The Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) requires that all TCAS Resolution Advi-
sory Alerts, which involve a breakdown in separation only, be treated as immediately notifiable
occurrences (see Air Traffic Incidents).
5.16.3 The ATSB reporting requirements apply to all TCAS equipped aircraft operating in Aus-
tralian Flight Information Regions. The requirements also apply to Australian registered aircraft
operating outside of Australian airspace.
5.16.4 The above information is required for proactive systems analysis in relation to accident
prevention.
5.17 AREA NAVIGATION SEPARATION STANDARDS

5.17.1 Separation standards involving the use of area navigation systems based on GNSS, INS
or IRS may be applied by ATC between aircraft with RNAV or RNP approval (longitudinal and lat-
eral standards), or between an aircraft with RNAV or RNP approval and an aircraft with DME (lon-
gitudinal standards only).
5.17.2 Pilots using RNAV for navigation must advise ATC of:
a. navigation equipment failure; or
b. operations of the equipment outside the approved tolerances; or
c. for inertial systems, the times between updates, or from departure, exceeding three (3) hours
for single units or five (5) hours for multiple units for flights in controlled airspace other than
OCA, and five (5) hours for a single unit or 12 hours for multiple units for flights in OCA.
NOTE: ATC will not apply area navigation standards to an aircraft after receipt of the advice.
5.18 GNSS REPORTING REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES

5.18.1 GNSS systems used to provide distance information to ATS units by pilot reports must
meet the requirements referenced in Air Navigation Systems.
5.18.2 ATC may apply some DME-based separation standards to approved aircraft providing
GNSS distance information. Pilots must be familiar with and comply with GNSS reporting require-
ments and procedures.
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5.18.3 When a DME distance is not specifically requested, or when the provision of a DME dis-
tance is not possible, distance information based on GNSS derived information may be provided.
When responding to ATC requests for distance information, pilots should:
a. provide either a DME distance, or a GNSS distance unless RAIM is currently not available
and has been unavailable for the previous 5 minutes; and
b. include the source and point of reference; e.g., 115 GNSS Melbourne, 79 DME Newman,
257 GNSS BEEZA, etc.
5.18.4 Notwithstanding the previous paragraph, if an ATC unit has issued a clearance or
requirement based on GNSS distance (e.g., a requirement to reach a certain level by a certain
GNSS distance), pilots must inform ATC if RAIM is not available.
5.18.5 If a GPS distance is provided to an ATC unit, and RAIM is not currently available, but has
been available in the preceding 5 minutes, the distance report should be suffixed “NEGATIVE
RAIM”; e.g., “26 GPS LT VOR, NEGATIVE RAIM”.
5.18.6 Databases sometimes contain waypoint information which is not shown on published
charts. Distance information must only be provided in relation to published waypoints unless spe-
cifically requested by an ATS unit.
5.18.7 Where GNSS distance is requested or provided from an NDB, VOR, DME, or published
waypoint, the latitude and longitude of the navigation aid or waypoint must be derived from a vali-
dated database which cannot be modified by the operator or crew.
5.19 GPS OPERATIONS WITHOUT RAIM

NOTE: Systems for providing integrity, other than RAIM, may be approved for use by CASA.
Where reference to RAIM occurs in this section, it includes other approved equivalent integrity
monitoring systems.
5.19.1 GPS systems normally provide three modes of operation:
a. Navigation (Nav) Solution with RAIM;
b. 2D or 3D Nav Solution without RAIM; and
c. Dead Reckoning (DR), or Loss of Nav Solution.
5.19.2 ATS services, in particular aircraft separation, are predicated on accurate aircraft naviga-
tion and position fixing. If RAIM is lost, the accuracy of the GPS system is assumed not to meet
the required standard for navigation and, consequently, for the application of area navigation sep-
aration standards by ATC. Accordingly, when RAIM is lost, the following procedures must be
adopted:
a. Aircraft tracking must be closely monitored against other on-board navigation systems.
b. In controlled airspace, ATC must be advised if:
1. RAIM is lost for periods greater than 5 minutes, even if GPS is still providing position
information; or
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2. RAIM is not available when ATC requests GPS distance, or if an ATC clearance or
requirement based on GPS distance is imposed; or
3. the GPS receiver is in DR mode, or experiences loss of navigation function, for more
than one minute; or
4. indicated displacement from track centerline exceeds 2 NM.
c. If valid position information is lost (2D or DR mode) or non-RAIM operation exceeds 5
minutes, the GPS information is to be considered unreliable and another means of naviga-
tion should be used until RAIM is restored and the aircraft is re-established on track.
d. Following re-establishment of RAIM, the appropriate ATS unit should be notified of RAIM
restoration prior to using GPS information. This will allow ATC to reassess the appropriate
separation standards.
e. When advising ATS of the status of GPS, the phrases “RAIM FAILURE” or “RAIM
RESTORED” must be used.
On receipt of advice, ATC may adjust separation.
6 OPERATIONS IN OCEANIC CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

6.1 CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS
6.1.1 Aircraft not in receipt of an airways clearance in another FIR are required to obtain an air-
ways clearance prior to entering Australian administered Class A airspace. Clearances may be
issued by the primary guard station prior to FIR entry. If a clearance is not received 15 minutes
prior to entry, it may be obtained directly by one of the following methods:
a. Voice clearances may be obtained from Brisbane on INO-1, SEA-3, SP-6 or other advised
frequencies as appropriate.
b. CPDLC clearance may be obtained from Brisbane (YBBB) or Melbourne (YMMM), as appro-
priate.
6.2 MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE

6.2.1 The Mach Number Technique (MNT) is the term used to describe the method of clearing
successive jet aircraft, operating along the same track, to maintain specified mach numbers in
order to maintain longitudinal separation.
6.2.2 The MNT may be used by ATC in the application of longitudinal separation standards on
routes within oceanic controlled airspace. Pilots of jet aircraft must include the planned true Mach
Number in their flight plans.
6.2.3 Pilots are required to read back and maintain an assigned Mach Number. ATC approval
must be obtained before making any change. If an immediate temporary change is essential (e.g.,
due to turbulence), ATC must be notified as soon as possible that such a change has been made.
6.2.4 MNT may also be applied by ATC in Australian control areas.
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6.3 USE OF GNSS IN OCEANIC AND REMOTE AREAS

6.3.1 Australia has approved the use of GNSS as a primary means of navigation for oceanic /
remote areas. Aircraft operators intending to utilize GNSS as a primary means of navigation in
these areas must be approved by the State of Registry or State of the Operator, as appropriate.
For Australian approval requirements, see Air Navigation Systems.
6.3.2 To ensure navigation integrity, an appropriate enroute GNSS prediction analysis, using the
software provided by the GNSS manufacturer, must be conducted prior to flight. For this analysis,
the following parameters, or equivalents, must be used:
a. the route or airspace RNP, where published; or
b. a centerline space of:
1. 20 NM for flight in CTA, and
2. 50 NM for flight in OCA.
6.3.3 Aircraft meeting the requirements for the use of GNSS as a primary means of navigation in
oceanic/remote continental airspace must indicate the approval in the flight notification. Such air-
craft may flight plan on designated ATS RNAV routes within Australian FIRs.
6.4 LATERAL OFFSETS IN OCA

6.4.1 Aircraft operating in OCA in the Australian FIRs are authorized to use lateral offsets in
accordance with the next paragraph.
6.4.2 The following requirements apply to the use of lateral offsets:
a. The offset shall only be applied by aircraft with automatic offset tracking capability.
b. When an offset is applied, the offset must be established at a distance of 1 NM or 2 NM to
the RIGHT of track relative to the direction of flight.
c. The offset must only be applied during the enroute phase of flight.
d. The offset must not be used in addition to diversions or other offsets; eg, weather or wake
turbulence.
e. The offset must not be applied at levels where obstacle clearance would be affected.
f. Identified aircraft:
1. may continue an offset; and
2. must advise ATC prior to initiating or changing an offset.
6.4.3 The decision to apply a lateral offset is the responsibility of the pilot-in-command. Other
than when an identified aircraft initiates or changes a lateral offset, pilots are not required to notify
ATC that a lateral offset is being applied.
6.4.4 The use of lateral offsets is recommended in OCA for aircraft cruising at levels not in com-
pliance with the Table of Cruising Levels.
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7 AIRCRAFT SPEEDS
7.1 Unless required for safety reasons, civil aircraft must not be operated at indicated airspeeds
greater than the following:
Airspace Classification Flight Rules Speed

Class A IFR N/A
Class C 250 kts below 10,000 ft AMSL,
except where specified on In-
IFR
strument charts or varied by
ATC (Note 1)
VFR 250 KIAS below 10,000 ft
Class D IFR & VFR 200 kt IAS – at or below 2500 ft
AAL within 4 NM of the primary
Class D aerodrome (Note 2)
250 kt IAS – in the remaining
Class D airspace
Class E IFR & VFR 250 KIAS below 10,000 ft
Class G IFR & VFR 250 KIAS below 10,000 ft
NOTE 1: ATC may approve speeds in excess of the limits specified for Class “C” airspace in the
table above for air traffic management or at pilot request.
NOTE 2: If traffic conditions permit, ATC may approve a pilot’s request to exceed the 200 kt
speed limit to a maximum limit of 250 kt unless the pilot informs ATC a higher minimum speed is
an operational requirement.
7.2 Speed limitations shown for VFR flights in Class “C” and for IFR and VFR flights in Class
“D”, “E” and “G” airspace are not applicable to military aircraft.
8 CLEARANCES — PILOT RESPONSIBILITY

8.1 A clearance issued by an ATS unit is only an authorization for the pilot-in-command to pro-
ceed in accordance with the terms of the clearance. The clearance is not an authorization for a
pilot to deviate from any regulation, order, operating standard or procedure, or minimum altitude
nor to conduct unsafe operations in his/her aircraft. Further, the issuance and acceptance of a
clearance in no way abrogates or transfers to an ATS unit the responsibilities of the pilot-in-com-
mand.
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9 [Reserved]
10 FUEL REQUIREMENTS
10.1 GENERAL
10.1.1 Guidance concerning fuel to be carried is contained in Civil Aviation Advisory Publication
(CAAP) 234-1, available from Airservices Publications Unit see details online at http://
www.casa.gov.au/download/CAAPs/ops/234_1.pdf (CASA website).
10.1.2 Air Operator Certificate (AOC) Holders
10.1.2.1 Fuel requirements for aircraft operated under an AOC are as approved in the company
Operations Manual.
10.2 HOLDING FUEL

10.2.1 Weather Holding Fuel
10.2.1.1 Weather holding fuel requirements are detailed in Airports and Ground Aids, Weather
Conditions.
10.2.2 Traffic Holding Fuel
10.2.2.1 Standing advisories for traffic holding fuel for some major aerodromes are listed below.
In other cases, when traffic delays for a particular aerodrome are anticipated, ATC will advise the
required holding fuel by NOTAM. The pilot-in-command of an aircraft arriving at a destination
without the notified traffic holding fuel will not be accorded a priority approach unless the pilot
declares an emergency.
Brisbane Traffic Holding Fuel:
ANTICIPATED AIRBORNE TRAFFIC DELAYS for ARR ACFT due to terminal area traffic density
and/or expected single RWY operations:
10MIN – 2100-2300; 0130-0300; 0730-0900.
Flights direct to Brisbane from the Middle East and Continental North America are exempt from
these Airborne Traffic Delays.
Cairns Traffic Holding Fuel:
0030–0230 and 0630–0900 SAT TO THU — 10 MIN

0030–0230 and 0500–0900 FRI — 10 MIN
Melbourne Intl Traffic Holding Fuel:
DAILY– All Traffic

2100 – 2300 15 minutes
2300 – 1400 10 minutes
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Flights direct to Melbourne from Africa, Middle East and continental North America are exempt
from these holding fuel requirements.
Melbourne/Essendon Traffic Holding Fuel - 10 minutes:

MON - THU 0845 - 0945
FRI 0945 - 1045
Perth Traffic Holding Fuel Advisory - 15 minutes:
MON - FRI: 0100-1300
Flights direct to Perth with flight times in excess of 8 hours are exempt from these holding fuel
requirements.
Sydney Intl Traffic Holding Fuel:
DAILY – All Traffic

2000 - 1800 20 minutes
1800 - 2000 10 minutes
Sydney / Bankstown Traffic Holding Fuel:

IFR aircraft proceeding to Bankstown via the Sydney Class C or Class G airspace may experi-
ence significant delays. Traffic holding fuel advisory applicable to these aircraft is 15 minutes
Daily 2000-1300.
Williamtown (Military) Traffic Holding Fuel:
All civil aircraft require 30 minutes holding fuel during Air Traffic Service hours.
11 IN-FLIGHT FUEL MANAGEMENT

11.1 The pilot-in-command shall continually ensure that the amount of usable fuel remaining on
board is not less than the fuel required to proceed to an aerodrome where a safe landing can be
made with the planned fixed fuel reserve remaining upon landing.
11.2 The pilot-in-command shall request delay information from ATC when unanticipated cir-
cumstances may result in landing at the destination aerodrome with less than the fixed fuel
reserve plus an fuel required to proceed to an alternate aerodrome or the fuel required to operate
to an isolated aerodrome.
NOTE: There is no specific phraseology in this case as each situation may be different.
12 MINIMUM FUEL
12.1 The pilot-in-command shall advise ATC of a minimum fuel state by declaring MINIMUM
FUEL when, having committed to land at a specific aerodrome, the pilot calculates that any
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change to the existing clearance to that aerodrome may result in landing with less than planned
fixed fuel reserve.
NOTE 1: The declaration of MINIMUM FUEL informs ATC that all planned aerodrome options
have been reduced to a specific aerodrome of intended landing and any change to the existing
clearance may result in landing with less than planned fixed fuel reserve. This is not an emer-
gency situation but an indication that an emergency situation is possible should any additional
delay occur.
NOTE 2: Pilots should not expect any form of priority handling as a result of a “MINIMUM FUEL”
declaration. ATC will, however, advise the flight crew of any additional expected delays as well as
coordinate when transferring control of the aircraft to ensure other ATC units are aware of the
flight’s fuel state.
13 EMERGENCY FUEL
13.1 The pilot-in-command shall declare a situation of fuel emergency by broadcasting
MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY FUEL, when the calculated usable fuel predicted to be available
upon landing at the nearest aerodrome where a safe landing can be made is less than the plan-
ned fixed fuel reserve.
14 FUEL DUMPING IN FLIGHT

14.1 CAR 150(2)(d) regulates the dropping of anything, including fuel, from an aircraft in flight.
Additionally, Air Navigation (Fuel Spillage) Regulations prescribe penalties for the unauthorized
release of fuel from an aircraft other than in an emergency.
14.2 When fuel dumping is required, the pilot in command should request authority from ATC
before commencing a fuel dump, and must:
a. notify ATC immediately after an emergency fuel dump;
b. take reasonable precautions to ensure the safety of persons or property in the air and on the
ground; and
c. where possible, conduct a controlled dump in clear air above 6000 ft and in an area nomina-
ted by ATC.
15 FLYING TRAINING
15.1 FLYING TRAINING AREAS IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
15.1.1 ATC may approve flying training activities within controlled airspace. Approval may be
granted on a short-term hour-to-hour basis or, in some cases, on a more regular basis. The
approval will be in the form of an airways clearance. ATC services will be provided in accordance
with the classification of the airspace.
15.1.2 ATC will route IFR traffic clear of the areas except that, when training aircraft have been
required to maintain a listening watch on the appropriate ATC frequency, ATC may reserve a
level for transit of IFR traffic which provides vertical separation from non-controlled training move-
ments.
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15.2 AB-INITIO FLYING TRAINING AT AN AERODROME

15.2.1 Subject to the CARs and to any other specified conditions in respect of a particular aero-
drome, ab-initio flying training may be conducted at an airport provided that:
a. the TODA and LDA is not less than 120% of the distance required by the airplane’s flight
manual or performance chart;
b. there are obstacle clear approach and take-off slopes of no more than 3.33% established to
a minimum distance of 1600m; and
c. in the case of airplanes for which there is no flight manual or performance chart, the TODA
and LDA must be not less than 120% of the distance specified in the airplane’s certificate of
airworthiness.
15.3 ASYMMETRIC TRAINING CLEARANCE

15.3.1 Pilots of multi-engined aircraft must obtain ATC approval before conducting asymmetric
training within 5 NM of a controlled airport.
15.4 CIRCUIT TRAINING OPERATIONS AT NIGHT

15.4.1 Aircraft engaged in training operations at night in the circuit area must not, when below
1500' AGL, carry out any maneuvers which involve:
a. the simulation of failure of an engine; or
b. flight in a simulated one-engine-inoperative condition; or
c. the intentional shut-down of a serviceable engine.
15.5 SPECIAL STANDBY OF FIRE FIGHTING SERVICES

15.5.1 5A pilot conducting training in take-offs and landings with a multi-engine aircraft may
request the Aerodrome RFF Service to stand by on the field. The request must be made through
ATS or direct to the responsible Fire Officer.
16 AIR DISPLAY
16.1 A Regular Public Transport or Charter flight is not permitted to participate in an air display
or carry out any low level operations at an aerodrome at which an air display is in progress,
except for a normal take-off or landing.
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1 FLIGHT PLAN PREPARATION

1.1 Before beginning a flight, a pilot-in-command must study all available information appropri-
ate to the intended operation, and, in the cases of flights away from the vicinity of an aerodrome,
flights over water and all IFR flights, must make a careful study of:
a. current weather reports and forecasts for the route to be flown and the aerodromes to be
used;
b. the airways facilities available on the route to be flown and the condition of those facilities;
c. the condition of aerodromes to be used and their suitability for the aircraft to be used; and
d. the Air Traffic Control rules and procedures pertaining to the particular flight; and
e. all Head Office and FIR NOTAM applicable to the enroute phase of flight, and location-spe-
cific NOTAM for aerodromes.
The pilot must then plan the flight in relation to the information obtained.
1.2 FORECASTS
1.2.1 A forecast must be either:
a. a flight forecast;
b. an area forecast (below FL200); or
c. SIGWX forecast (above A100).
An aerodrome forecast for the destination is also needed and, when required, the alternate aero-
drome. For a flight to a destination for which a prescribed instrument approach procedure does
not exist, the minimum requirement is an Area Forecast.
1.2.2 For flights for which a forecast is required and cannot be obtained, the flight is permitted to
depart provided the pilot is satisfied that the weather at the departure point will permit the safe
return of the flight within one hour of departure. The flight is permitted to continue provided a suit-
able forecast is obtained for the intended destination within 30 minutes after departure.
1.2.3 For flights to a destination for which a aerodrome forecast is required and cannot be
obtained or is “provisional”, the flight is permitted to depart, provided an alternate aerodrome
meeting all the requirements specified in Alternate Aerodromes paragraph is provided.
1.2.4 Charter, Airwork and Private operations under VFR at night must not be conducted unless
the forecast indicates that the flight can be conducted in VMC at not less than 1000 ft above the
highest obstacle within 10 NM either side of track.
1.2.5 A pilot-in-command must ensure that the forecasts cover the period of the flight and that
the aerodrome forecasts for the destination and alternate aerodromes, to be nominated in the
flight plan, are valid for a period of not less than 30 minutes before and 60 minutes after the plan-
ned ETA.
1.2.6 When a flight is delayed so that the meteorological and operational information does not
cover the period of flight, updates must be obtained, as necessary, to allow the flight to be conclu-
ded safely.
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1.2.7 A series of flights may be included on the one flight plan provided that:
a. the meteorological forecast will cover all the flights; and
b. relevant AIS information is available at flight planning.
1.2.8 When preflight briefing is obtained more than one hour prior to EOBT, pilots should obtain
an update before each departure to ensure that the latest information available can be used for
the flight. The update should be obtained by NAIPS pilot access, telephone, or, when this is
impracticable, by radio.
1.3 GNSS PREDICTION ANALYSIS — FLIGHT IN OCEANIC AND REMOTE

AREAS
1.3.1 A requirement for flight in oceanic and remote areas using GNSS is that an appropriate
enroute GNSS prediction analysis be conducted prior to each flight.
1.4 NON-INSTRUMENT PROCEDURE DESTINATION

1.4.1 A flight operating under IFR by day may be planned to a non-instrument procedure desti-
nation provided that the aircraft can be navigated in accordance with General Flight Procedures.
When the forecast for the destination is below the alternate minima specified in Airports and
Ground Aids, the pilot-in-command must ensure that a suitable alternate has been nominated.
1.4.2 An aircraft operating under IFR by night having a MTOW not greater than 5700kg may be
planned to a destination not served by a radio navigation aid or not having an approved instru-
ment approach procedure, subject to the following requirements:
a. Sufficient fuel must be carried to permit flight to a qualified alternate aerodrome;
b. The aircraft must be able to be navigated to the destination, then, if necessary, to the alter-
nate aerodrome in accordance with flight under IFR navigation requirements;
c. Descent below LSALT for the route sector to be flown must not be commenced until the air-
craft is positively fixed within 3 NM of the destination aerodrome and the aerodrome lighting
has been visually identified. Subsequent maneuvering for descent and landing must be in
VMC and confined within 3 NM of the destination aerodrome while operating below the
LSALT;
d. The pilot is responsible for ensuring that he or she is familiar with all terrain and obstacles
surrounding the aerodrome within the specified circling area of 3 NM and that the aircraft is
maneuvered for landing at a height sufficient to maintain the obstacle clearance specified for
circling.
NOTE: The minimum obstacle clearance requirements are: Categories A and B – 300 ft;
Categories C and D – 400 ft, Category E – 500 ft.
e. Aerodrome lighting must comply with the requirements of runway lighting as applicable. Rec-
ommended minimum lighting requirements for landing areas are outlined in CAAP 92-1(0).
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1.5 INSTRUMENT APPROACH REQUIREMENTS

1.5.1 An aircraft operating under IFR by night, having a MTOW greater than 5700kg, may only
be planned to a destination which has an approved instrument approach procedure for which the
aircraft is appropriately equipped and the pilot is qualified.
1.5.2 Notwithstanding these requirements, such an aircraft may plan to an instrument approach
procedure destination when the navigation aid(s) required for the instrument approach procedure
has/have failed, subject to the following requirements:
a. Sufficient fuel must be carried to permit flight to a qualified alternate aerodrome.
b. The aircraft must be able to be navigated to the destination and then, if necessary, to the
alternate aerodrome in accordance with flight under IFR navigation requirements.
c. Descent below the LSALT/MSA must be in accordance with the requirements for visual
approaches by night.
2 PREFLIGHT INFORMATION AND FLIGHT NOTIFICATION

2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 Preflight information and flight notification and distribution service is provided from the
National Aeronautical Information Processing System (NAIPS).
2.1.2 A national help desk is available H24 on 1800 801 960.
2.2 PREFLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICES

2.2.1 The preflight information service offers a range of services which are supported by NAIPS.
NAIPS contains a database of NOTAM and meteorological information.
2.2.2 The service delivery options for preflight information and flight notification, in order of pref-
erence:
– Airservices’ website:
http://www.airservicesaustralia.com (click on pilot briefing)
– AVFAX (weather & NOTAM only): 1800 805 150*
– METBRIEF (weather only): 1800 805 150*
– Personal briefing: 1800 805 150*
– By radio, where telephone facilities are not available. *Charges apply.
2.2.3 For meteorological information only:
– Civil aviation – Bureau of Meteorology
Website: http://www.bom.gov.au
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2.3 AIRSERVICES’ INTERNET ACCESS TO NAIPS

2.3.1 Internet
2.3.1.1 Preflight information and flight notification services are available via the internet. The
service is available via a Web browser on the Airservices’ home page (click on pilot briefing) or
via the NAIPS for Windows application which is available for download from the Airservices'
Home Page.
2.3.1.2 Users are required to be registered. Instruction about obtaining registration, user ID and
passwords are available from the pilot briefing welcome page. User documentation is also availa-
ble from the pilot briefing welcome page.
2.3.1.3 Information available via the internet includes:
a. Preflight information:
– Specific Preflight Information Briefing (SPFIB);
– Full text NOTAM;
– Location briefing;
– Area briefing;
– Special MET briefing;
– General MET forecasts;
– First / last light calculations;
– Wind / temperature profile;
– Retrieve previous SPFIB;
– Update SPFIB;
– Update AVFAX briefing;
– GPS RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) availability;
– NAIPS charts; and
– UTC time check.
b. Flight notification using:
– stored flight files;
– SPFIB;
– the Flight Notification form.
– Domestic/ICAO
– SARTIME
NOTE: The Internet does not form part of the ATS operational system. Access to these services
is dependent on the normal availability and reliability of the Internet.
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2.3.2 The above services are available as a menu choice, and on-line help is available for those
unfamiliar with the service. User documentation is available when the software is acquired.
2.3.3 The NAIPS database recognizes aerodrome abbreviations, waypoints, or common names
when providing SPFIB or for flight notifications. Retrieval of locations from NAIPS using the
common name function requires a correct match with the name. Special cases are as follows:
a. In the case of two names separated by an oblique stroke, e.g. Proserpine/Whitsunday Coast,
the location is retrieved by the first common name only.
b. For locations associated with a capital city aerodrome (e.g., Perth/Jandakot or Brisbane/
Archerfield), the location is retrieved by use of the second common name (i.e., Jandakot,
Archerfield).
c. Common names for airspace groups are retrieved by the use of the name plus the word “air-
space”.
d. If the common name for a location is in doubt, a search directory is available.
2.4 SPECIFIC PREFLIGHT INFORMATION BRIEFING (SPFIB)

2.4.1 An SPFIB is a briefing based on a route. The MET and NOTAM data presented is based
on set parameters of Route, Time and Height. Data outside these parameters will be omitted from
the briefing. The route can be either one stored in NAIPS and accessed via the route directory or
as described in the data entry form (either DCT or up to 30 waypoints).
2.4.2 All NOTAM in an SPFIB revert to a 1 line summary if the NOTAM is more than 7 days old.
Full text NOTAM are available if required. A briefing reference number is provided to enable
updates to be obtained from NAIPS or the briefing office. The update is available as long as the
briefing is valid (from 1 to 240 hours with a default of 24 hours).
2.4.3 SPFIB are available from NAIPS (via the Internet) and the briefing office. To assist with
obtaining briefings, routes between main city pairs are stored in NAIPS for use in SPFIB.
2.4.4 SPFIB Using stored routes
2.4.4.1 The stored routes are a High route (above FL200), Low route (below FL200) or Interna-
tional route (routes leaving Australia). More than one route may exist between any two locations.
A list of stored routes is available from the route directory.
2.4.4.2 Low level stored routes (prefixed with L and a number) will provide the following data:
a. Head Office NOTAM.
b. FIR NOTAM relevant to the route.
c. MET and NOTAM for departure, destination and alternate.
d. GPS RAIM forecasts for departure, destination and alternate.
e. ATIS for departure and destination (and alternate if available).
f. NOTAM on PRD areas with 50NM radius of departure and destination.
g. Area forecasts, AIRMET, SIGMET and AIREP Specials.
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h. Wind and temperature profile if planned level is above FL110.

i. NOTAM on all locations within 50NM either side of route, except surface NOTAM.
2.4.4.3 High level stored routes (prefixed with H and a number) will provide the following data:
b. MET and NOTAM for departure, destination and alternate.
c. GPS RAIM forecasts for departure, destination and alternate.
d. ATIS for departure and destination (and alternate if available).
e. NOTAM on PRD areas with 50NM radius of departure and destination.
f. FIR NOTAM relevant to the route and height band.
g. SIGMET and AIREP Specials.
h. Wind and temperature profile.
i. NOTAM on all locations within 50NM either side of route, except surface NOTAM.
2.4.5 SPFIB using Ad-hoc routes.
2.4.5.1 When a stored route is not available, an SPFIB can be obtained by entering the depar-
ture, destination and alternate, and then describing the route as direct (DCT) or by entering up to
30 waypoints. This will provide the following data:
b. MET and NOTAM for departure, destination and alternate.
c. GPS RAIM forecasts for departure, destination and alternate.
d. ATIS for departure and destination (and alternate if available).
e. NOTAM on PRD areas with 50NM radius of departure and destination, unless departure or
destination is a latitude/longitude.
f. AIREP Specials on waypoints in the route.
g. Wind and temperature profile if planned level is above FL110.
h. En-route NOTAM for waypoints in route, except surface NOTAM.
2.4.5.2 PRD, FIR NOTAM and area forecasts relating to the route are not automatically included
in the ad-hoc SPFIB and must be requested separately in the additional locations field. The data
in these fields is related to the planned flight level.
2.4.6 Briefing Filters.
2.4.6.1 The SPFIB tailors the briefing data as much as possible to that essential to the route.
Additionally data is filtered by use of time and planned flight level.
2.4.6.2 Time filter: NAIPS selects data by using the first EOBT and the time period specified by
the pilot (between 1 and 240 hours). Only current data or data becoming current during the speci-
fied time period will be presented in the SPFIB.
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2.4.6.3 Flight level filter: NAIPS selects data by using the planned level of the aircraft and only
providing both NOTAM and MET information relating to that flight level. CAUTION: A briefing
done for a high flight level will not include data relevant to a low level. This may present a problem
if the aircraft descends to a lower level without updating the briefing.
2.5 FLIGHT INFORMATION CENTER

2.5.1 Briefing staff provide a flight notification acceptance service, and NOTAM, meteorological
and other briefing information, by telephone and facsimile in response to requests for specific
information.
Domestic
Tel: 1 800 805 150
Fax: 1 800 805 150
International
Tel: 61 7 3866 3517
Fax: 61 7 3866 3419
2.5.2 In case of 1 800 service difficulties alternate numbers are:
Brisbane
Tel: 07 3866 3517
Fax: 07 3866 3419
2.5.3 Technical Elaboration of Meteorological Products
2.5.3.1 The pilot in command is responsible for requesting and interpreting preflight information.
Requests to the briefing office for a technical elaboration of requirements must be referred, as
appropriate, to ATS or meteorological specialists.
2.5.3.2 Requests for elaborative briefings, technical interpretations, non-routine forecasts, etc.,
can be made to the following Bureau of Meteorology offices:
Adelaide
Tel: 08 8366 2617
Brisbane
Tel: 07 3229 1854
Cairns
Tel: 07 4035 9777
Public Hours: (1400-0800)
Canberra
Tel: 02 6247 0411
Public Hours: (0300-1900)
Darwin
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Tel: 08 8920 3833

Hobart
Tel: 03 6221 2026
Launceston
Tel: 03 9360 9184
Public Hours: (0600-1630 LT)
Melbourne
Tel: 03 9669 4850
Perth
Tel: 08 9263 2253
Port Hedland
Tel: 08 9140 1480
Public Hours: (0530-1430 LT)
Rockhampton
Tel: 07 4922 3597
After Hours: (1900-0900)
Sydney
Tel: 02 9296 1527
Townsville
Tel: 07 4779 5999
2.5.4 International Operations
2.5.4.1 A preflight briefing service is provided by the briefing office for international operations.
For departing flights, an information service is provided to the first destination outside Australia.
For pilots flight planning to Australia from locations such as Norfolk I, an information service is
available on the international telephone and facsimile numbers listed.
2.5.4.2 International operators intending to establish a new route out of Australia are required to
notify the briefing office of their NOTAM requirements prior to the commencement of the service.
This allows the briefing office to amend the database accordingly.
2.5.4.3 Requests by non-scheduled operations for information not held in the database will be
referred to the appropriate international authorities. Early notice of such flights will avoid delays.
2.6 AVFAX (METEOROLOGICAL AND NOTAM FACSIMILE SERVICE)

2.6.1 AVFAX is a self help system which delivers meteorological and NOTAM information,
including charts, from NAIPS, to a nominated facsimile number, in response to a tone generated
telephone request. Each AVFAX briefing contains a reference number which can be quoted to the
briefing office or inflight to obtain an update on the original briefing.
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Telephone:
1 800 805 150 @ $.50 per call.
NOTE: See Meteorology, Automated Briefing Systems.
2.7 METBRIEF (AUTOMATED METEOROLOGICAL TELEPHONE

BRIEFING)
2.7.1 METBRIEF is a self help system which delivers meteorological information on the tele-
phone, using a computer generated voice, in response to a tone generated telephone request.
Telephone:
1 800 805 150 @ $.50 per call.
NOTE: See Meteorology, Automated Briefing Systems.
2.8 FLIGHTWATCH (FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE ON REQUEST)

2.8.1 FLIGHTWATCH and ATC provide an inflight NOTAM and meteorological briefing service
via air-ground communications channels to pilots unable to obtain information preflight, or who
require an in-flight briefing update. This service will be limited to information considered essential
to the first point of intended landing where access to a telephone or facsimile is available.
2.9 FLIGHT NOTIFICATION

2.9.1 The pilot-in-command is responsible for flight planning and notification and for the accu-
racy of the flight notification.
2.9.2 If submitting notification via NAIPS, automatic validation of some details will be carried out
by the system. These include locations, EOBT and SARTIME details for flight. If details are not
provided, or are incorrect, the NAIPS system will make the user aware that an amendment should
be made to the flight notification, if delays are not to be incurred.
2.9.3 Pilots must be mindful of how significant points or turning points are processed. If a
common name is entered in lieu of an aerodrome abbreviation or navigational aid / waypoint, the
flight notification output will assume the aircraft is tracking over a navigational aid/waypoint (e.g.;
the location HOLBROOK will translate to HBK, not YHBK).
2.9.4 The aircraft identification “NOSEND” has been allocated for training purposes. Flight notifi-
cations filed with this call sign will not be processed by briefing offices.
2.9.5 If submitting details by facsimile:
a. print firmly and clearly with a black pen using block letters, correct errors by crossing out and
writing correct data adjacent. Do not overwrite;
b. check for errors or omissions prior to transmitting;
c. do not use highlighting pens on the plan prior to transmitting;
d. it is recommended that a departure point, contact phone or facsimile number is recorded on
both sides of the plan in case of a wrong side up transmission;
e. ensure the plan is sent to the correct number, and wait for the “OK” transmission message;
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f. phone the briefing office if confirmation of receipt is required.

g. Confirmation of receipt is required when a SARTIME has been submitted.
2.9.6 Stored Flight Files
2.9.6.1 Stored flight files are specific preflight briefings (SPFIB) or flight notifications regularly
used by operators and which the briefing offices have agreed to store in the computer database
after consultation with the company concerned. Such flight files enable quick and efficient activa-
tion by either the pilot through pilot access, or the briefing officers direct to NAIPS.
2.9.6.2 A flight notification stored in such a way is appended by the abbreviation -FPL to distin-
guish it from the SPFIB which may have the same company identifier.
2.9.6.3 It is the responsibility of the originating organization to ensure the accuracy of informa-
tion contained in stored flight files.
2.9.7 Auto-Filed Flight Notifications
2.9.7.1 These are flight plans prepared by specialist flight planning organizations which some
airlines use to prepare and submit their plans to ATS units providing services to the flight.
2.9.8 Submission of Flight Notification with EOBT and DOF
2.9.8.1 Flight plans may be submitted up to 120 hours (5 days) in advance. All flight plans must
contain a date of flight (DOF), even if the flight is for the current day.
2.9.8.2 Flight Notifications submitted with an EOBT of more than 21 hours from the time of sub-
mission are stored and automatically distributed when the EOBT comes within 21 hours.
2.9.8.3 How to Enter the EOBT or DOF
Enter the EOBT as a four figure time in the format HHMM. Enter DOF as YYMMDD (even if the
date of flight is the current day).
2.9.8.4 Changes to EOBT and DOF
Changes may be made to the EOBT or DOF by:
a. Advising your new EOBT or DOF to the briefing office, or
b. Using the AMD/CNL function of the NAIPS Internet Service and enter your new EOBT or
DOF.
IMPORTANT: WHERE THE EOBT CHANGES ACROSS TIME 0000, BOTH EOBT AND DOF
MUST BE CHANGED.
2.9.8.5 Other Changes to Flight Notification
Other changes to your flight notification may be submitted as they currently are. However if a
CHG is submitted after the EOBT or DOF has passed the EOBT or DOF MUST be updated
along with any other changes that are made to the flight notification.
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2.9.8.6 More Information

For further information or assistance on submitting a flight notification or Change to flight notifica-
tion, contact the National Briefing Office on 1800 805 150.
(Telestra PhoneAway Card required at a cost of $0.50 per use).
3 FLIGHT NOTIFICATION
3.1 Flight notification requirements are divided into two specific categories:
a. those affecting IFR flights; and
b. those affecting VFR flights.
3.2 IFR flights require the submission of flight notification details and the transmission of in-flight
progress reports at regular intervals. SARWATCH is based primarily on the receipt of these
reports by ATS.
3.3 Pilots of VFR flights nominating a SARTIME to ATS, and those intending to operate in con-
trolled airspace (except for VFR flights in Class E airspace) must submit flight details to ATS.
3.4 The order of preference for pilots to submit comprehensive flight notification are:
a. via pilot access to NAIPS (via the internet),
b. in writing,
c. by telephone, or
d. by radio to ATS.
3.5 Pilots submitting SARTIME flight notifications by facsimile must confirm receipt of the notifi-
cation with the briefing office. Further, Airservices strongly recommends that when any flight notifi-
cation is submitted by facsimile, the pilot or operator telephones the briefing office before depar-
ture to confirm that the facsimile has been received.
3.6 Abbreviated details for operations in controlled airspace may be advised by radio if the flight
is to operate locally, or operations will be for a brief duration. However, prior contact with ATC
may avoid delays. Pilots may submit details by radio to ATS when associated with a clearance
request, or to nominate a SARTIME.
3.7 When submitting flight notification by radio, pilots should be mindful of the need to minimize
frequency congestion and transmit only that information required by ATS for the current flight
stage. Acceptance is subject to ATS workload and may be delayed.
3.8 Submission of comprehensive travel flight notification by radio is not a preferred method of
notification and should not be used when submission by some other means is available. Flight
notification by radio for travel flights requiring the submission of comprehensive details will not be
accepted at controlled aerodromes.
3.9 Pilots of VFR flights wishing to operate in other than Classes C or D airspace, and who wish
to nominate a SARTIME, may submit details in the NAIPS SARTIME flight notification format (via
the internet). If submitting the flight notification by facsimile or via telephone, the only form availa-
ble is the Australian Domestic Flight Notification form.
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3.10 Pilots of aircraft equipped only with VHF must not nominate IFR for those stages of the
flight where they will be beyond ATS VHF coverage.
3.11 VFR flights in the following categories are required to submit a SARTIME flight notification
to ATS, or, as an alternative, to leave a Flight Note with a responsible person:
a. RPT and CHTR flights;
b. overwater flights;
c. flights in Designated Remote Areas;
d. flights at night proceeding beyond 120 NM from the aerodrome of departure.
3.12 VFR flights which are required to, or wish to, use a SARTIME may do so by providing ATS
with the following details:
a. call sign;
b. aircraft type;
c. departure point;
d. route to be flown;
e. destination;
f. POB; and
g. SARTIME.
NOTE: Only one SARTIME may be current at any time. To prevent the existence of multiple
SARTIMEs for aircraft used by more than one pilot, SARTIMEs should be nominated imme-
diately before the start of each flight.
3.13 VFR flights operating on SARTIME are requested to include contact telephone details for
the pilot or company at the destination where available.
3.14 VFR flights may operate on reporting schedules in the following circumstances:
a. mercy flights;
b. flood, fire or famine relief flights;
c. search and rescue flights;
d. overwater flights; and
e. military flights.
3.15 When the pilot of a flight wishes to indicate a variation of SAR requirements, this must be
indicated in Item 8 – Flight Rules, amplified in Item 15 (Route) by the position at which the change
will occur, followed by the new flight rules.
3.16 Submission of flight details at least 30 minutes before EOBT is recommended.
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3.17 Where notification of flight details, or changes to details, are submitted less than 30
minutes before EOBT, delays will be encountered when an ATC unit requires that the data be
programmed into the computerized SSR Code/Call Sign Management System.
3.18 The preferred method to cancel a SARTIME is via telephone to CENSAR on 1800 814 931.
When telephone facilities are not available you may use ATS frequencies.
3.19 SARTIMEs are managed on a national basis by the central SARTIME management data-
base, CENSAR.
3.20 The following table identifies flight notification options for the various classes and types of
operations when flying IFR or VFR.
FLIGHT SUMMARY OF FLIGHT

CLASS OF OPERATION TYPE OF OPERATION
CATEGORY NOTIFICATION OPTIONS
IFR All Classes All Operations FULL FLIGHT DETAILS
SARTIME or FLIGHT
VFR RPT and CHTR All Operations
NOTE
SARTIME or FLIGHT
Overwater Flights
NOTE
In Designated Remote SARTIME or FLIGHT
VFR AWK and PVT Areas NOTE
At night proceeding be-
SARTIME or FLIGHT
yond 120 NM from the
NOTE
aerodrome of departure
SARTIME, FLIGHT NOTE
VFR AWK and PVT All Other Operations
or NO NOTIFICATION
3.21 Pilots not formally required to submit flight notification, or leave a flight note as defined in
the preceding paragraphs, are nevertheless encouraged to leave a flight note.
4 FLIGHT NOTIFICATION / NOTE CONTENTS

4.1 Forms
4.1.1 An example of the Australian Domestic flight notification form is included in paragraph 8.
Instructions for completion of the Australian Domestic Flight Notification form for both IFR and
VFR flights are also contained in paragraph 8. In a number of cases, particularly in Item 19, com-
pletion is recommended as good practice. If mandatory fields are left incomplete, delays may
occur.
NOTE: The reverse side of the Australian Flight Notification Form contains a “flight log/template”
to assist pilots in planning and navigation. It is not intended to be mandatory or prescriptive, and
pilots may use any template, or other device, of their choice.
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4.1.2 Books of Flight Notification forms are available from the Airservices Publications Unit at a
charge.
4.1.3 The suggested format for a Flight Note is contained in paragraph 8. This form is available
from the Airservices website (www.airservicesaustralia.com) (Pilot Centre) or from the Australian
Maritime Safety Authority website (www.amsa.gov.au).
4.2 Flight Rules
4.2.1 Flight rules must be indicated in any flight notification, except for VFR flights operating
wholly outside controlled airspace nominating a SARTIME.
4.2.2 An RPT flight capable of compliance with the IFR must indicate “IFR” on all flight notifica-
tion.
4.2.3 Flights which, within a single stage, will be flown under both the IFR and VFR must indi-
cate:
a. in the Flight Rules section of the flight notification, the flight rules applicable to the first route
segment of the flight plan, Y to indicate IFR first followed by one or more changes of flight
rules, or Z to indicate VFR first followed by one or more changes of flight rules;
b. in Field 15 of the flight notification, the position at which the change of flight rules will occur;
and
c. for each subsequent stage, the flight rules applicable to that stage, with a change in Field 15
if applicable.
NOTE: The use of Y or Z must not be used to indicate a variation of flight rules between individual
stages. Where the flight rules field is left blank on a multistage flight, the previous flight rule will
apply.
4.3 GNSS and AUSEP Notification
4.3.1 No indication on the flight notification form is required for Visual Navigation or DR Substi-
tute applications of GNSS.
4.3.2 Pilots of aircraft able to use GNSS in Night VFR Area Navigation, IFR Area Navigation, or
RNAV(GNSS) Non-precision Approach (or RNP APCH LNAV) applications should insert either:
a. “G” and “Z” in Field 10 and “NAV/GPSRNAV” in Field 18 of the flight notification form, or
b. “G” and “Z” in Field 10 and “NAV/RNP2” in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
4.3.3 Pilots of aircraft able to use GNSS for Oceanic Area Navigation applications should insert
either:
a. “G” and “Z” in Field 10 and “NAV/GPSOCEANIC” in Field 18 of the flight notification form, or
b. “G” and “R” in Field 10 and “PBN/L1” in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
4.3.4 Pilots of aircraft that will use GNSS for GLS applications should insert “G” and “Z” in
field 10 and “NAV/GLS” in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
4.3.5 Pilots of aircraft able to conduct RNP AR approaches and departures should insert “G”
and “R” in Field 10 and PBN/T1 and OPR/ in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
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4.3.6 Pilots of aircraft equipped with inertial RNAV systems and approved to Australian Area
Navigation requirements, should insert either:
a. “I” and “Z” in Field 10 and “NAV/AUSEP” in Field 18 of the flight notification, or
b. “I” and “R” in Field 10 and “PBN/B5” in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
4.4 Military Flight
4.4.1 Military flights operating on low jet routes for any part of a flight must submit flight notifica-
tion to ATS, regardless of flight rules.
4.4.2 Military flights with an LJR component are required to provide EETs for all points nomina-
ted in Item 15 of their flight notification to enable ATS units to provide an effective service.
4.4.3 Military flights carrying out specific operations notified in the remarks section of the flight
notification form, together with a level at or below 1,000 ft will be operating with reference to
ground level.
4.4.4 Pilots of military aircraft that are not RVSM-approved, but require priority in the RVSM
flight level band for operational reasons, must enter STS/NONRVSM and RMK/MIL SPEC REQ in
Item 18.
4.5 POB
4.5.1 In addition to including POB numbers with the flight notification, pilots of IFR flights operat-
ing as other than RPT must notify ATS, on first contact, of the number of persons on board for
each flight stage.
4.5.2 Pilots of flights operating as RPT must ensure that a suitable passenger manifest is held
by the company, detailing POB for each flight stage. Notification of changes may be made to ATS
where it is impracticable for the pilot to provide notification of amendments to the company.
4.5.3 Pilots of VFR flights must include POB when submitting flight notification or when leaving a
flight note and are encouraged to notify ATS of any subsequent changes.
4.6 General
4.6.1 In instances where NAVAID training is required, but diversion to an alternative aerodrome
for that training is likely, and when procedures at the alternative location require the submission of
flight notification, the pilot will be required to provide details of both locations in Item 15 (Route),
expanded in Item 18. For example, for an aircraft requiring PILS at either Sydney, or alternatively
Richmond:
DCT BK PEC MQD SY RIC BK DCT
Item 18 will show SY PILS or RIC PILS.
4.6.2 A Flight Note provided by an RPT or CHTR pilot must show aircraft call-sign, EOBT for
each departure point, ETA for each landing point, endurance, pilot’s name, POB and destination
contact facility. It should also show the proposed route, type of ELT and details of any survival
equipment carried. The Flight Note must be left with a company representative who is instructed
how to contact AusSAR in the event of the aircraft becoming overdue.
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4.6.3 Pilots of flights operating IFR under a Private IFR rating must include this advice when
submitting flight notification. Flight Procedure Authorisations (FPAs) applicable to flight within con-
trolled airspace must also be included.
4.6.4 For flights not operating along an ATS route, reporting points should be provided in
Item 15 for locations approximately 30 minutes or 200 NM apart.
4.6.5 If a common name is entered into NAIPS in lieu of an aerodrome abbreviation or naviga-
tional aid/way-point, the flight notification output will assume that the aircraft is tracking over a
navigational aid/way-point and not the aerodrome; eg, the location HOLBROOK will translate to
HBK, not YHBK.
4.6.6 Pilots entering details in terms of latitude and longitude or by the use of polar coordinates
must adhere to the correct format. Location abbreviations used should be authorized (ie, pub-
lished in AIP) abbreviations.
5 FLIGHT NOTIFICATION AMENDMENT

5.1 When flight notification details have been previously notified to ATS, pilots should advise as
soon as possible when there is any significant change to the following items:
VFR wholly outside

All IFR & VFR in
Item Details control areas nomi-
CTR/CTA
nating a SARTIME
7 Aircraft ident and/or registration X X
Flight rules to which flight will be oper-
8 X
ating
10 Serviceability of equipment carried X
Departure aerodrome and EOBT if the X
13 change exceeds 30 minutes X Departure aerodrome
only
15, 16 Route, landing points or alternates X X
15 Cruising level X
15 Speed and estimated total elapsed time X
18 SARTIME X X
19 POB X
5.2 If advising ATS of a change of aircraft ident and/or registration, pilots of SARTIME flights
must also advise, prior to takeoff, that the flight is subject to a SARTIME.
5.3 To assist in managing the airways system, pilots should always warn ATS of any flight notifi-
cation amendments by utilizing appropriate alerting phraseologies; e.g.:
“MELBOURNE CENTER, DELTA MIKE GOLF, IFR FLIGHT PLAN AMENDMENT”
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or
“FLIGHTWATCH, DELTA MIKE GOLF, SARTIME FLIGHT PLAN AMENDMENT”.
6 CARRIAGE OF FLIGHT DOCUMENTATION

6.1 Pilots are required to carry, and have readily accessible in the aircraft, the latest additions of
the aeronautical maps, charts and other aeronautical information and instructions, published:
a. in AIP, or
b. by an organization approved by CASA, that are applicable to the route to be flown, and any
alternative route that may be flown, on that flight (CAR 233).
7 TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

7.1 SLOT ALLOCATIONS
7.1.1 An airline has the responsibility to obtain separately from any airport owners and/or opera-
tors, permission to operate services to and from the airports on the days and the times it proposes
for scheduled and non-scheduled operations.
7.1.2 In addition, the Sydney Airport Demand Management Act 1997 requires all aircraft opera-
tors (excluding emergency and state aircraft) to obtain timeslots (slots) for all arrivals and depar-
tures at Sydney Intl in advance of the operation. Airport Coordination Australia manages the allo-
cation of all slots at Sydney Intl and slots for international services at all other Australian interna-
tional gateways on behalf of the airport owners and/or operators and the Commonwealth.
7.1.3 Allocation of slots is undertaken in accordance with the airport facilities limitations, the
Sydney Airport Demand Management Act 1997 and regulations made under the Act, and the Slot
Management and Compliance Schemes approved under the Act. Airport Coordination Australia,
as the coordinator, can be contacted by:
Airport Coordination Australia
Sydney International Airport
Address: P.O. Box 3047
NSW
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2020
Tel: +61-2-9313 5469
Mobile: +61-417 494 670
Fax: +61-2-9313 4210
E-Mail: aca@coordaus.com.au
SITA: HQDACXH
– or –
In person at the office:
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Address: International Terminal

Level 3, Suite 1227
7.1.4 Slots for short notice non-scheduled flights may be obtained on the day of operation from
ATC in conjunction with the flight notification requirements specified in paragraph 7.3.
7.1.5 Aircraft are required to operate according to allocated slot times. An allocated slot time has
a tolerance of +/-15 minutes for sectors of less than three (3) hours or +/-30 minutes for sectors
greater than three (3) hours. Penalties for non-compliance with allocated times may apply.
7.1.6 Allocation of a slots does not absolve operators of the need to comply with other published
requirements.
7.1.7 Notification of changes to slots allocated to existing scheduled flights should be advised to
Airports Coordination Authority in accordance with the Compliance Administration Manual.
7.2 BRISBANE LANDING SLOT TIME

7.2.1 All aircraft departing from aerodromes within 160 NM radius of Brisbane Intl planned to
arrive within the periods 2000-1200 UTC are required to obtain a landing SLOT time. This does
not apply to MED 1, HOSP, SAR, or FFR priority. SLOT times may be obtained by phone 07 3866
3588 or through the nearest ATS unit. Aircraft with a SLOT TIME can expect a maximum 10
minutes airborne delay.
7.3 SYDNEY CENTRAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CTMS)

7.3.1 Long range traffic arriving YSSY BTN 1900–2100 are requested to advise ATC of TAS
upon entry to Australian FIR.
7.3.2 Ground Delay Programs are applicable to all fixed wing, non priority flights departing from
all Australian domestic airports except Perth, and arriving at Sydney between the hours of 2000
and 1300 UTC, as adjusted by daylight saving time variations.
7.3.3 Ground Delay Programs are applicable to all fixed wing, non priority flights departing from
airports within 800 NM radius of Perth and arriving between the hours of 0100–1300 UTC Mon–
Fri.
7.3.4 Pilots operating into and out of Sydney Airport are required to obtain an ACA Slot in
advance of the operation. ACA Slots are obtained from Airport Coordination Australia (ACA) on
02 9313 5469 or FAX 02 9313 4210 MON–FRI 0800–1600 local. Arrivals Slots allocated by ACA
may be subject to change by ATFM because of operational constraints. ACA Slots for short notice
non-scheduled flights may be obtained on the day of operation from the NOC on 1800 020 626.
These Slots will be allocated from the available pool.
7.3.5 Scheduled Flights
Pilots of scheduled flights will be advised of their current Calculated off Blocks Time (COBT) in
accordance with company procedures.
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7.3.6 Itinerant Flights

Prior to submitting a flight plan, pilots of itinerant flights intending to operate into a program airport
during the hours of a GDP are required to call the National Operations Centre (NOC) on 1800 020
626 for a Calculated off Blocks Time (COBT), and Sydney ACA slot if required, for their flight.
The following information is required:
1. Aircraft callsign
2. Aircraft type
3. Departure aerodrome
4. Destination aerodrome
5. ETD
6. ETA
7. Pilots name, mobile phone number and email address if available.
If the destination is Sydney, it is recommended that where possible, on the day prior to the flight,
an ACA slot is obtained from ACA, and then the NOC is contacted prior to 1730 AEST or AEDST
and provided with the information listed above. This will ensure that the flight is included in the
Sydney GDP and will minimize any potential delay.
If the destination is Perth, pilots of itinerant flights should contact the NOC on the day of the oper-
ation.
This information must be provided not later than one hour prior to the proposed operation. Any
changes to the information provided above shall be notified to the NOC prior to departure.
Notification of flight details to the NOC is additional to all existing flight plan notification require-
ments.
Where communication facilities exist, pilots of itinerant flights must either check their COBT with
the NOC within one hour of the flight, or be able to check their mobile phone/email for any amend-
ments.
Failure to obtain a COBT and/or to submit a flight plan for a flight to a program airport may result
in extensive airborne holding or airways clearance being withheld if the program airport has no
compatible arrival slots available.
In addition to the requirement to obtain a COBT, all flights departing from Bankstown or Camden
for a landing at Sydney shall contact ATC on 9556 6515 prior to starting engines, and all flights
departing from Jandakot for a landing at Perth shall contact Perth Delivery on 132.95 prior to
starting engines.
Unless instructed by ATC, pilots should maintain normal or specified climb cruise and descent
profiles.
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8 ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION — USERS GUIDE

8.1 EXAMPLE – ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION FORM
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ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION - USER GUIDE

The Australian Domestic Flight Notification Form provides a modified ICAO flight plan form for
Australian requirements and to allow entry of multiple stages of flight.
Item 7 – Aircraft Identification
Enter Aircraft registration / flight number. ZZZZ and TBA cannot be accepted.
Requirements For VH registered aircraft, enter the three letters after the prefix only; e.g., for
VH-ZFR enter ZFR.
For flight numbers, and other approved call signs, enter a mixture of figures and
letters that do not exceed seven alphanumeric characters and without hyphens
or symbols; e.g., QFA611.
For unmanned aircraft:
a. enter the prefix UX then at least two characters of the aircraft model e.g.
UXSCE4
b. enter the full radiotelephony call sign in Item 18 after RMK/RTF e.g. UN-
MANNED SCAN EAGLE FOUR
One call sign per flight notification.
Item 8(a) – Flight Rules
Circle I if the entire flight will be operated under the Instrument Flight Rules
(IFR)
V if the entire flight will be operated under the Visual Flight Rules (VFR)
Y if the flight will be operated initially under the IFR followed by one or
more changes of flight rules
Z if the flight will be operated initially under the VFR followed by one or
more changes of flight rules
Requirements If Y or Z circled, an entry in item 15 must specify where the change of flight rules
will occur; e.g., YBAF VFR.
Type of Flight
Circle S for scheduled air service
N for non-scheduled air service
G for general aviation
M for military
Item 9 – Number of Aircraft
Enter Number of aircraft where there are more than one, otherwise leave blank.
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ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION - USER GUIDE (continued)

Type
Enter Aircraft type. Where more than one aircraft type is included in a formation, enter
the type of the lowest performance aircraft. Additional details regarding the for-
mation must be inserted at Item 18.
Requirements Use the two to four letter ICAO approved aircraft type abbreviation.
For aircraft type abbreviations not approved by ICAO, enter ZZZZ and specify
the type of aircraft in item 18 preceded by TYP/.
Wake Turbulence Category
Circle H for aircraft 136,000kg MTOW or more
M for aircraft between 7000 and 136,000kg MTOW
L for aircraft 7000kg MTOW or less
Item 10 – Equipment and Capabilities
Circle to indicate the presence of serviceable equipment that the pilot is qualified to use and
where applicable, has authorizations from the State of Registry:
N for no COM/NAV/Approach Aid equipment for the route to be flown or
the equipment is unserviceable.
S for standard COM/NAV/Approach Aid equipment of VHF/ILS/VOR.
A GBAS Landing System
B LPV (APV with SBAS)
C LORAN C
D DME
E1 FMC WPR ACARS
E2 D–FIS ACARS
E3 PDC ACARS
F ADF
G GNSS
H HF RTF
I Inertial Nav
J1 CPDLC ATN VDL Mode 2
J2 CPDLC FANS 1/A HFDL
J3 CPDLC FANS 1/A VDL Mode A
J4 CPDLC FANS 1/A VDL Mode 2
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J5 CPDLC FANS 1/A SATCOM (INMARSAT)
J6 CPDLC FANS 1/A SATCOM (MTSAT)
J7 CPDLC FANS 1/A SATCOM (Iridium)
K MLS
L ILS
M1 ATC RTF SATCOM (INMARSAT)
M2 ATC RTF (MTSAT)
M3 ATC RTF (Iridium)
O VOR
R PBN Approved
T TACAN
U UHF RTF
V VHF RTF
W RVSM Approved
X MNPS
Y VHF with 8.33 kHz channel spacing capability
Z other equipment or capabilities.
NOTE 1: Qualified pilots of aircraft fitted with an approved GNSS receiver or receivers, circle G
and Z, and in Item 18 insert NAV/GPSRNAV and/or NAV/GPSOCEANIC, as appropriate.
NOTE 2: If the letter Z is used, specify the other equipment carried or other capabilities in
Item 18, preceded by COM/, NAV/ and/or DAT/, as appropriate.
NOTE 3: If the letter R is used, specify the performance based navigation levels that can be met
in Item 18 following the indicator PBN/.
Surveillance Equipment
Circle N for Nil, or
SSR Modes S, C and A:
Enter one SSR code representing the highest level of surveillance available (in order highest is L
then E, H, S, I, P, X, C and A is lowest).
L SSR Transponder Mode S, including aircraft identification, pressure alti-
tude, extended squitter (ADS–B) and enhanced surveillance capability.
E SSR Transponder Mode S, including aircraft identification, pressure alti-
tude and extended squitter (ADS–B) capability.
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H SSR Transponder Mode S, including aircraft identification, pressure alti-
tude, and enhanced surveillance capability.
S SSR Transponder Mode S, including both pressure altitude and aircraft
identification capability.
I SSR Transponder Mode S, including aircraft identification, but no pres-
sure altitude capability.
P SSR Transponder Mode S, including pressure altitude, but no aircraft
identification capability.
X SSR Transponder Mode S with neither aircraft identification nor pres-
sure-altitude capability.
C SSR Transponder Mode C
A SSR Transponder Mode A
NOTE: Enhanced surveillance capability is the ability of the aircraft to down–link aircraft derived
data via a Mode S transponder.
ADS–B
Enter up to three ADS–B codes: either ‘B1’ or ‘B2’ and/or either ‘U1’ or ‘U2’ and/or either ‘V1’ or
‘V2’
B1 ADS–B with dedicated 1090 MHz ADS–B “out” capability
B2 ADS–B with dedicated 1090 MHz ADS–B “out” and “in” capability
U1 ADS–B “out” capability using UAT
U2 ADS–B “out” and “in” capability using UAT
V1 ADS–B “out” capability using VDL Mode 4
V2 ADS–B “out” and “in” capability using VDL Mode 4
ADS–C
Enter up to two ADS–C codes: ‘D1’ and/or ‘G1’
D1 ADS–C with FANS 1/A capabilities
G1 ADS–C with ATN capabilities
Item 13 – Departure Aerodrome
Item 16 – Destination Aerodrome and Total Estimated Elapsed Time
– Alternate Aerodrome
Enter Aerodrome abbreviation in four letters.
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Requirements Enter the four letter authorized abbreviation then, without a space, the total esti-
mated elapsed time as four figures in hours and minutes; eg, 0340. Include any
aerial work delay noted as DLE in Item 18.
For aerodromes without an authorized abbreviation, enter ZZZZ. In Item 18 write
DEP/ (or as applicable “DEST/ ALTN/ ”) followed by either the latitude and longi-
tude of the aerodrome or bearing and distance from a location with an authorized
abbreviation or, the first point of the route or the marker radio beacon if the air-
craft has not taken off from the aerodrome.
In Item 18, enter the common name of the alternate location after RMK/.
NOTE: For bearing and distance, enter the designator of the location followed by three figures in
degrees magnetic, followed by three figures in nautical miles; e.g., BN270120 is a position
120 NM, 270 degrees from Brisbane.
Total EET
Enter Total estimated elapsed time of the flight as four figures in hours and minutes;
eg, 0340 and include any aerial work delay noted as DLE in Item 18.
AFIL AFIL (Flight Notification Filed in the Air) can be used instead of the departure
aerodrome abbreviation when ATS services are only required for entry to, or to
cross controlled airspace. (Estimated Off Blocks Time becomes the estimate for
the point where the ATS service is to commence.)
NOTE: For a flight plan received from an aircraft in flight, the total estimated elapsed time is the
estimated time from the first point of the route to which the flight plan applies to the termination
point of the flight plan.
Estimated Off Blocks Time
Enter Estimated off blocks time (EOBT), or the estimate for the point where the ATS
service is to commence (applicable for use with AFIL – as referred to above in
the departure aerodrome section), in four figure UTC.
Requirements Provide an EOBT for every flight stage as HHMM. All flights must also include
DOF/ followed by the date of flight as YYMMDD at Item 18, even if the date of
flight is the current day. EOBT/DOF more than 120 hours (5 days) in advance of
the time of notification cannot be accepted. A change more than 30 minutes to a
submitted EOBT should be advised to ATS or through NAIPS.
Item 15 – Cruising Speed
Enter Enter TAS in knots or enter mach number.
Requirements Circle N, then enter zero and three figures for knots; e.g., 0180.
Circle M, then enter zero and two figures for mach number to the nearest hun-
dredth of a unit; e.g., 082.
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Level
Enter First planned cruising level.
Requirements Enter either “A” followed by three figures to indicate altitude in hundreds of feet
up to and including 10,000 ft; eg, A085; or, “F” followed by three figures to indi-
cate flight levels above 10,000 ft; eg, F350.
Item 15 – Route
Enter Details of the planned route, change of level, flight rules, and cruise climb.
Requirements for locations/waypoints
For an aerodrome, use authorized abbreviation; e.g., YMBL for Marble Bar. For a
navaid identifier, use the published two or three letter abbreviation; e.g., KSC for
Kingscote NDB.
For a latitude and longitude identification, use degrees and minutes in an eleven
character group; e.g., 2730S15327E.
For a waypoint, use assigned designator; e.g., CANTY.
For bearing and distance, enter the identification of the significant point followed
by three figures in degrees magnetic followed by three figures in nautical miles;
e.g., BN270120 is a position 120 NM, 270 degrees from Brisbane.
Requirements for route
For ATS route designator, enter published chart designator; e.g., B456, H62.
Route details must start with DCT (direct) to indicate the flight is planned to track
from the departure aerodrome (YSCB for Canberra), to the first enroute point,
then from the last enroute point to the destination (YSSY for Sydney); e.g., DCT
CB SY DCT.
When planning to track direct from the departure aerodrome to the destination
aerodrome, i.e., without the use of navigational aids, enter DCT only.
SID/STAR details and instrument approach fixes/way-points for Australian air-
ports must not be entered. Designated ATS routes and published location identi-
fiers or way-points must be used instead.
When operating outside a designated ATS route, enter DCT followed by signifi-
cant points; e.g., DCT PH CKL BIU PH DCT or DCT 1239S14352E
1300S14335E DCT.
When operating on a designated ATS route, enter the name of the location
where the route is joined followed by the route designator; e.g., on a flight de-
parting Ceduna for Griffith via the route designators J149 and B469, enter DCT
CD J149 WHA B469 DCT in item 15.
AUSTRALIA
FLIGHT PLANNING

On survey work in a block of airspace, enter DCT followed by significant points to
the survey area, including the point of commencement of survey, then the point
of exit from the survey area and the significant points to the destination; e.g.,
DCT BN KCY GAY YGYM SU BN DCT.
When planning to conduct survey work, a map of the survey area must be provi-
ded to ATS with the flight notification.
When planning survey work, write in Item 18 the expected delay enroute (DLE)
at the commencement of survey; e.g., DLE/GAY0130 indicates a delay at Gayn-
dah for 90 minutes.
NOTE 1: A designated route begins and ends at the navaid except where the departure or desti-
nation is not serviced by a navaid.
NOTE 2: Pilots should refer to Climb and Cruise paragraph 4, Air Route Specifications, and Gen-
eral Flight Procedures paragraph 5, Navigation Requirements, when planning a route.
Requirements for change of speed / level
Enter the significant point where the change is planned to commence, followed
by an oblique stroke, the cruise speed and the level; e.g., AY/N0130A080. Both
the cruise speed and level must be entered even if only one of them changes.
Requirements for change of flight rules
Enter details of a change to flight rules following the entry in item 8 of Y or Z.
Enter the location where the change will occur followed by a space and VFR or
IFR; eg, YBAF VFR.
Can accompany change in level; e.g., ROM/N0180A090 IFR.
Requirements for cruise climb/block level reservation
Enter the letter C followed by an oblique stroke, the point at which the cruise
climb or reservation is planned to start, an oblique stroke, the speed to be main-
tained during the cruise climb or block reservation, AND
the 2 levels defining the layer to be occupied during the cruise climb or block res-
ervation,
OR
1 level and the word PLUS;
e.g., C/FERET/N0380F370F390, or C/FERET/N0380F370PLUS
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FLIGHT PLANNING

NOTE: Cruise Climb is not used in Australian administered airspace. Where possible, block level
clearances will be issued upon request.
Item 18
Enter Other information such as navaid training, block surveys and other plain lan-
guage remarks of significance.
NOTE: ACARS and TCAS or ACAS are not required to be included in the flight
notification.
Enter information in the sequence shown below:
STS/ Use for special aircraft handling, followed by one or more of the indicators below
separated by a space Eg. STS/ MEDEVAC NONRVSM;
ALTRV – flight operated in accordance with an altitude reservation;
FFR – fire--fighting;
FLTCK – flight check for calibration of navaids;
HAZMAT – flight carrying hazardous material;
HEAD – flight with Head of State status;
HOSP – medical flight declared by medical authorities;
HUM – flight operating on a humanitarian mission;
MARSA – flight for which a military entity assumes responsibility for separation
of military aircraft;
MEDEVAC – life critical medical emergency evacuation;
NONRVSM – non RVSM-capable flight intending to operate in RVSM airspace;
SAR – flight engaged in a search and rescue mission; and
STATE – for a flight engaged in domestic or international military services; or in-
ternational customs or police services.
NOTE: Other reasons for special handling by ATS may be denoted under the
designator RMK/.
PBN/ Followed by RNAV and/or RNP capabilities. Include as many of the descriptors
below, as apply to the flight, up to a maximum of 8 entries with no space be-
tween entries, i.e. a total of not more than 16 characters. In order to maximise
the representation of aircraft equipment and capability use the following guid-
ance:
Australia accepts B1 as a valid inclusion for aircraft equipped and capable of
RNAV5 with all permitted sensors except LORANC.
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FLIGHT PLANNING

Only include one of DME/DME or DME/DME/IRU entries, eg either C3 or C4, D3
or D4, O3 or O4, not both. One from each RNAV specification may be included
eg C4 and D4 and O4 may be planned if applicable.
Where both RNP2 and RNP4 are held, enter both specifications eg PBN/L1 and
NAV/RNP2. Only include one of each RNP APCH or RNP AR APCH entries eg
either S1 or S2 and/or either T1 or T2
Eg. PBN/A1L1T1
Descriptor RNAV Specification

A1 RNAV 10 (or RNP 10)
B1 RNAV 5 all permitted sensors
B2 RNAV 5 GNSS
B3* RNAV 5 DME/DME
B4* RNAV 5 VOR/DME
B5 RNAV 5 INS or IRS
B6* RNAV 5 LORANC
C1* RNAV 2 all permitted sensors
C2* RNAV 2 GNSS
C3* RNAV 2 DME/DME
C4* RNAV 2 DME/DME/IRU
D1* RNAV 1 all permitted sensors
D2* RNAV 1 GNSS
D3* RNAV 1 DME/DME
D4* RNAV 1 DME/DME/IRU
RNP Specification
L1 RNP 4
O1* Basic RNP 1 all permitted sensors
O2* Basic RNP 1 GNSS
O3* Basic RNP 1 DME/DME
O4* Basic RNP 1 DME/DME/IRU
S1 RNP APCH
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FLIGHT PLANNING
Descriptor RNAV Specification

S2 RNP APCH with BARO-VNAV
T1 RNP AR APCH with RF
T2* RNP AR APCH without RF
NOTE 1: Navigation specifications marked with an asterisk (*) are not currently used for aircraft
separation in Australian Administered airspace.
NOTE 2: RNP2 has not yet been allocated a PBN code. Enter RNP2 in NAV/.
NAV/ Followed by navigation equipment or capabilities other than those listed for Item
10a or under PBN/. Use when Z has also been entered in Item 10a; eg, NAV/
GPSRNAV, NAV/RNP2.
COM/ Followed by communication equipment or capabilities other than those listed for
Item 10a. Use when Z has also been entered in Item 10a; eg, COM/HF3452.
DAT/ Followed by data applications or capabilities not specified in 10a. Use when Z
has also been entered in Item 10a.
SUR/ Followed by surveillance applications or capabilities not specified in 10b.
DEP/ When ZZZZ has been entered in Item 13 followed by latitude and longitude or
bearing and distance from a location with an authorised abbreviation; eg, DEP/
BN090120.
DEST/ When ZZZZ has been entered in Item 16 followed by latitude and longitude or
bearing and distance from a location with an authorised abbreviation; eg, DEST/
2730S15327E.
DOF/ Followed by YYMMDD to indicate the date of flight. eg, DOF/121115.
REG/ Followed by the full aircraft registration; eg, REG/VHZFR.
EET/ For international flights that enter or leave the Australian FIR use EET/ to indi-
cate the estimated elapsed time to the FIR boundary. Enter EET/ followed by the
FIR boundary indicator and the estimated elapsed time in hours and minutes;
eg, EET/YMMM0130.
SEL/ Followed by the SELCAL Code, for aircraft so equipped.
TYP/ When an approved aircraft type designator has not been assigned and ZZZZ
has been entered in Item 9, enter TYP/ followed by the aircraft type; eg, TYP/
Echo Mk1.
DLE/ Followed by the point where the aircraft will be operating and the estimated time
in hours and minutes as a four figure group; eg, DLE/MDG0030 RMK/MDG NDB
indicates that the aircraft will be delayed at Mudgee for 30 minutes training on
the NDB.
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FLIGHT PLANNING
OPR/ Followed by the name of operator.

ORGN/ Followed by the originator’s 8 letter AFTN address or other appropriate contact
details such as a contact phone number when submitting a SARTIME.
PER/ Followed by the aircraft performance category as described in ENR 1.5 para 1.2;
eg, PER/B. IFR aircraft arriving at a controlled aerodrome must insert their per-
formance category.
ALTN/ When ZZZZ has been entered in Item 16 followed by latitude and longitude or
bearing and distance from a location with an approved abbreviation; eg, ALTN/
2700S15320E.
RMK/ When any other plain language remarks are required or deemed necessary.
Where applicable, followed by one or more of the indicators below:
SARTIME, followed by FORARR (for arrival) or FORDEP (for departure), date/
time as a six figure group, the authority (TO CENSAR) and location as an au-
thorized aerodrome abbreviation, navaid identifier or latitude/longitude. ZZZZ
cannot be accepted for the location. Only one SARTIME per flight notification
may be entered. If more than one SARTIME is required, then TBA can be en-
tered, eg. RMK/SARTIME FOR ARR 080430 TO CENSAR YROM or RMK/
SARTIME FOR DEP TBA TO CENSAR YBMV. Pilots are also requested to sub-
mit contact telephone details under ORGN/ when available.
MERCY FLIGHT, followed by the reason for the Mercy flight, reference to any
rule or regulation that will not be complied with and details of the portions of
flight affected as necessary.
FLT Insert if flight numbers are used either in RTF phraseologies or for traffic se-
quencing, and are not entered in Item 7.
FORM Insert details of the aircraft taking part in a formation flight if more than
one aircraft type is included in the formation. The number, type and wake turbu-
lence category of the second and subsequent types of aircraft are entered, sep-
arated by a plus sign; eg, RMK/FORM 2PC9+4F18 M OPS IN R577.
PIFR Insert PIFR as the first element of RMK/ to indicate that the pilot is rated to
Private IFR. Include relevant FPAs applicable to flight within controlled airspace
as per the table below:
FPA Abbreviation Example/Notes

Prefix Suffix
Navigation NAV Enter equipment as per item 10 and RMK/PIFR NAV in
Only item 18.
Night Flying NGT RMK/PIFR NGT
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FLIGHT PLANNING
FPA Abbreviation Example/Notes

Prefix Suffix
Instrument IDEP SID RMK/PIFR IDEP,
Departures RMK/PIFR IDEP SID
Instrument IAL NDB, VOR, RMK/PIFR IAL NDB
Approaches DME, RMK/PIFR IAL DMEGPS
(Single or DMEGPS,
Multi-engine RMK/PIFR IAL RNAVGNSS
as applicable RNAVGNSS, RMK/PIFR IAL VOR, ILS
to the aircraft ILS, LOC
being flown)
Visual circling VSA RMK/PIFR VSA
approach Not required where other IAL FPA are also listed.
STAR STAR NDB, VOR, RMK/PIFR STAR GPS
GPS, DME
Holding HLDG NDB, VOR, RMK/PIFR HLDG VOR
GPS, DME
Multiple FPA RMK/PIFR NAV IAL RNAVGNSS HLDG VOR GPS
ATS FLIGHT NOTIFICATION - USER GUIDE

Item 19 – Supplementary Information
Enter Additional information relevant to the flight for search and rescue purposes (op-
tional).
Requirements
Fuel endurance to be entered for each stage of flight in hours and minutes after E/; e.g., 0430
hours.
Under “dinghies”, enter number of dinghies carried, the total capacity of ALL dinghies and color.
Persons on board to be entered as the total number carried for each flight. Enter TBA if the num-
ber is to be advised after time of filing flight notification.
Survival equipment to be circled as follows:
P First aid
D Emergency rations
M Water
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FLIGHT PLANNING

F Jackets
“Remarks” is provided for any additional survival equipment carried.
Pilot in command should include telephone, mobile, and fax number, and compa-
ny name.
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FLIGHT PLANNING
8.2 SUGGESTED EXAMPLE — FLIGHT NOTE FORM

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DEPARTURE, APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES
1 OPERATIONS IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

1.1 GENERAL
1.1.1 This section sets out the pilot action and related ATS activity in civil and military controlled
airspace.
1.1.2 For flight in close proximity to the boundary of controlled airspace, separation is not provi-
ded with traffic operating outside controlled airspace.
1.2 ENGINE START, PUSH-BACK AND TAXI

1.2.1 Engine Start — The pilot-in-command of an aircraft must request approval to start
engines when the requirement is notified by ATIS, NOTAM, AIP Supplement, ATC or published
on Terminal Airport charts.
1.2.2 Push-Back — The pilot-in-command must obtain an approval to push-back where this
maneuver is necessary prior to taxiing. Information about other aircraft moving on the same apron
will be provided by the apron service.
1.2.3 Taxi Clearance
1.2.3.1 When operating from a controlled aerodrome where ATIS is in operation, a pilot-in-com-
mand must obtain the ATIS broadcast prior to taxi, and advise ATC of the ATIS code when
requesting taxi clearance.
1.2.3.2 For IFR flights operating as other than RPT, the pilot-in-command must provide ATC
with the number of POB when requesting taxi clearance.
1.2.3.3 Pilots of civil VFR training flights should advise DUAL or SOLO, as appropriate, when
requesting clearance.
1.2.3.4 The pilot-in-command must obtain a taxi clearance either prior to moving on the maneu-
vering area, or in the case of Push-Back at the completion of the push-back maneuver.
The taxi clearance regulates movement on the maneuvering area. The separation of aircraft taxi-
ing on the maneuvering area is a joint pilot and controller responsibility. Taxi clearances shall con-
tain concise instructions and adequate information so as to assist flight crew to follow the correct
taxi routes, to avoid collision with other aircraft and objects and to minimize the potential for the
aircraft inadvertently entering a runway. Pilots vacating a holding bay shall give way to aircraft on
the taxiway.
1.2.3.6 Avoidance of collision on apron areas is a joint responsibility of the pilot-in-command
and any assisting company ground personnel. Information about other aircraft moving on the
same apron areas will be provided by ATC, or the apron service (where it exists as a discrete
service).
1.2.3.7 An aircraft taxiing on the maneuvering area must stop and hold at all lighted stop bars
and may only proceed further when a clearance to enter or cross the runway has been received
and the stop bar lights have been switched off.
1.2.3.8 A taxi instruction which contains a taxi limit beyond a runway must include a “CROSS
RUNWAY (number)” instruction to cross that runway. When an aircraft is required to hold short of
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a runway intersecting a taxi route, ATC will issue a taxi instruction limit of the holding point associ-
ated with the intersecting runway.
1.2.3.9 An aircraft which has been issued with a taxi instruction limit of the holding point of a
runway intersecting the taxi route, or has been issued with an instruction to “HOLD SHORT” of
that runway, must subsequently be issued with an instruction to “CROSS RUNWAY (number)”.
1.2.3.10 Aircraft required to hold short of a runway must hold at the appropriate holding point for
that runway, or the runway strip edge at the intersection of a crossing runway.
1.2.3.11 A pilot wishing to use less than the full length of the runway available should nominate
the intention when requesting the taxi clearance.
1.2.3.12 ATC may offer an intersection departure and will advise the remaining runway length of
the runway if required.
1.2.3.13 A pilot-in-command unfamiliar with the aerodrome should “REQUEST DETAILED TAXI
INSTRUCTIONS”.
1.2.3.14 VFR flights wishing to depart without submitting flight notification must provide the fol-
lowing information on first contact with ATC:
a. aircraft call sign and “DETAILS” (Wait for a response from ATC);
b. destination and first tracking point;
c. preferred level; and
d. identification of ATIS code received.
1.3 PROVISION OF OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

1.3.1 ATC will supply the following information for take-off:
a. runway or direction;
b. wind direction and speed, QNH and, if required, temperature and/or dew-point;
c. a time check to the nearest half-minute upon commencing to taxi from the apron prior to
take-off;
d. the crosswind component on the runway to be used, if this equals or exceeds 8 kt for single-
engine aircraft or 12 kt for multi-engine aircraft;
e. the downwind component, if the operation is downwind;
f. aerodrome surface conditions significant to the operation;
g. known weather information;
h. birds that may be a hazard to the operation; and
i. maintenance work within 23m of the runway side stripe marking.
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1.3.2 Nomination of Runways

1.3.2.1 ATC will nominate the runway, preferred runway or take-off direction. Where noise
abatement procedures are prescribed, and ATC traffic management permits, the provisions on
Terminal, Noise Abatement Procedures and appropriate Noise charts will be applied.
1.3.2.2 ATC will not nominate a particular runway for use if an alternative runway is available
(unless required by Noise Abatement legislation), when:
a. the alternative runway would be preferred due to low cloud, thunderstorms and/or poor visi-
bility;
b. for runways that are completely dry:
1. the crosswind component, including gusts, exceeds 20 kt;
2. the downwind component, including gusts, exceeds 5 kt;
c. for runways that are not completely dry:
1. the crosswind component, including gusts, exceeds 20 kt;
2. there is a downwind component.
d. wind shear has been reported.
NOTE: Notwithstanding the limitations detailed above, location specific crosswind / down-
wind limitations may be detailed on applicable Noise Abatement charts.
1.3.3 Selection of Take-off Direction
1.3.3.1 The pilot-in-command must ensure that the runway is suitable for the operation. If not
suitable for an operational reason, ATC must be advised before taxiing or when requesting an air-
ways clearance by using the phrase: “REQUIRE RUNWAY (number)”.
1.3.3.2 Such a request will not result in a loss of priority, provided it is made on first contact with
Clearance Delivery or before taxiing. The decision to take-off rests solely with the pilot-in-com-
mand.
1.3.4 Selection of Circuit Direction
1.3.4.1 Circuit directions and turns will be specified or authorized by ATC but will not be speci-
fied in the take-off clearance when a SID has been authorized.
1.3.4.2 A pilot-in-command must notify ATC if a particular turn or circuit is essential to the safe
operation of the aircraft by use of the word “REQUIRE”.
1.3.5 Departure Instructions
1.3.5.1 Departure instructions may contain the following as required:
a. aircraft identification;
b. heading instructions (see Note);
c. altitude restrictions;
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d. direction of turn;
e. tracking points; and
f. any other instructions.
NOTE: A pilot assigned a heading (including runway heading) must not compensate for wind
effect.
1.3.5.2 When a heading is assigned as a departure instruction, the pilot-in-command must
ensure that the heading and the direction of turn are read back. This requirement also applies to
the initial heading assigned by ATC as part of a radar SID.
NOTE: Where a radar SID “ASSIGNED HEADING” approximates the runway bearing, a direction
of turn will NOT be given. Pilots must turn to the assigned heading by the shortest arc.
1.3.6 Terrain and Obstacle Clearance
1.3.6.1 Obstacle/terrain avoidance while below the LSALT or MSA, as applicable, is a pilot
responsibility except in the circumstances described in the next paragraph.
1.3.6.2 ATC is responsible for terrain clearance when an aircraft has been assigned a level
using ATS surveillance service terrain clearance procedures until:
a. the pilot is assigned the responsibility for maintaining such clearance visually, or
b. a visual or instrument approach is commenced.
1.4 TAKE-OFF
1.4.1 Change to Tower Frequency
1.4.1.1 International aircraft will be instructed by ATC when to change to the tower frequency
prior to take-off. Domestic aircraft should change to tower frequency:
a. in the holding bay; or
b. close to, or at, the holding point of the nominated runway when ready for take-off.
1.4.1.2 At Class D aerodromes at which parallel runway operations are in progress, pilots must
identify the departure runway when reporting ready. For example: '...(callsign) READY, RUNWAY
RIGHT.'
1.4.1.3 For operations wholly within a Class D CTR the pilot must report ready with intentions
(e.g., circuits, training area north, etc.). Additionally, for aircraft not in receipt of airways clearance
that will depart the Class D CTR, advise tracking details (e.g., departing via __ for __), departure
procedure, etc.
1.4.2 Runway Entry
A pilot-in-command must not enter any runway, whether or not it is in use, unless a specific clear-
ance to:
a. take-off,
b. line-up,
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c. backtrack, or
d. cross,
has been received, or a clearance to enter for other purposes has been received from ATC and
the stop bar lights, where fitted, have been switched off.
1.4.2.2 An ATC clearance to line-up does not authorize the pilot in command to backtrack on the
runway.
1.4.2.3 When a backtrack on the runway nominated for take-off is required, the pilot must indi-
cate this intention to ATC and obtain a clearance to backtrack prior to entering the runway.
1.4.2.4 When a backtrack on the runway will involve crossing an intersecting runway, the back-
track instruction must include either a “CROSS RUNWAY (number)” instruction or an instruction
to “HOLD SHORT” of that runway.
1.4.2.5 Aircraft required to hold short of a runway must hold at the appropriate holding point, or
the runway strip edge at the intersection of a crossing runway.
1.4.2.6 An aircraft which has been issued with an instruction to “HOLD SHORT” of an intersect-
ing runway must subsequently be issued with an instruction to “CROSS RUNWAY (number)”.
1.4.3 Holding on Runway
1.4.3.1 The pilot-in-command must not hold on the runway in use unless permission to do so
has been obtained from ATC.
1.4.4 Clearance Required
1.4.4.1 A pilot-in-command must not take off unless the specific clearance “CLEARED FOR
TAKE-OFF” has been received.
1.4.4.2 A clearance for immediate take-off may be issued to an aircraft before it enters the
runway. On acceptance of such clearance the aircraft shall taxi out to the runway and take off in
one continuous movement.
1.4.5 Separation Minima for Take-off
1.4.5.1 An aircraft will not be permitted to commence take-off until:
a. a preceding departing aircraft using the same runway has:
1. crossed the upwind end of the runway; or
2. commenced a turn; or
3. if the runway is longer than 1800m, become airborne and is at least 1800m ahead of
the following aircraft; or
4. if the preceding aircraft has a MTOW of 7000kg or less and the following aircraft has a
MTOW below 2000kg and is slower, the preceding aircraft is airborne and is at least
600m ahead of the following aircraft; or
5. if both aircraft have a MTOW below 2000kg, the preceding aircraft is airborne and is at
least 600m ahead of the following aircraft.
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b. a preceding landing aircraft using the same runway has vacated it and is taxiing away from
the runway; and
c. a preceding aircraft, using another runway, has crossed or stopped short of the take-off air-
craft's runway.
NOTE: Where reasonable to do so, ATC may issue a take-off clearance in anticipation that
the prescribed separation will exist at the time that the take-off roll is commenced.
1.4.5.2 Other than as specified in Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO), exceptions to this
application of separation standards are:
a. aircraft taking off in formation with respect to each other;
b. aircraft operating in different areas or lanes on aerodromes with runways or facilities suitable
for simultaneous take-offs (CAR 168); and
c. the avoidance of wake turbulence.
1.5 VISUAL DEPARTURE – IFR FLIGHTS

1.5.1 By day in VMC, the pilot of an IFR flight may request a visual departure, or ATC may issue
a visual departure.
1.5.2 ATC Responsibilities
1.5.2.1 ATC will only issue a visual departure to an IFR flight when the cloud base is such that
the pilot can maintain flight in VMC below the MVA (ATS surveillance services) or the MSA /
LSALT.
1.5.2.2 When an IFR aircraft is issued heading instructions and/or required to maintain a level
below the MVA or MSA / LSALT during a visual departure, “VISUAL” will be appended to the
departure instruction.
1.5.3 Pilot Responsibilities
1.5.3.1 A pilot of an IFR flight may only request a visual departure when the cloud base will
allow the aircraft to climb in VMC to the MSA / LSALT applicable to the departure. Additionally, if
the intended cruising level is lower than route LSALT, the cloud base must permit flight in VMC at
that level.
1.5.3.2 During the conduct of a visual departure, a pilot must:
a. maintain the track(s) / heading(s) authorized by ATC;
b. remain not less than 500 ft above the lower limit of the CTA; and
c. visually maintain obstacle clearance.
1.6 VFR DEPARTURE BY AN AIRCRAFT PLANNED IFR

1.6.1 The pilot of an IFR flight departing a Class D aerodrome may request a VFR departure
with the expectation of obtaining an IFR clearance en-route.
1.6.2 The pilot of an IFR flight conducting a VFR departure:
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a. must comply with the VFR.

b. is responsible for separation with other aircraft within the Class D airspace.
c. must obtain ATC clearance prior to entering Class A or C airspace.
d. must obtain ATC clearance to resume IFR in Class A, C, D or E airspace.
e. must notify ATC when reverting to IFR once in Class G airspace.
1.6.3 When an IFR aircraft conducts a VFR departure, ATC will treat the aircraft as:
a. VFR for separation services in Classes C, D and E airspace until the pilot requests and is
granted an IFR clearance.
b. VFR in Class C or D airspace and VFR in receipt of an SIS in Class E or G airspace for traf-
fic information.
c. IFR for all other services, such as SAR, weather and NOTAM information, in all classes of
airspace.
1.7 AFTER TAKE-OFF

1.7.1 Airborne Report — Class C Control Zones
1.7.1.1 In Class C control zones (where an ATS surveillance service is provided), on first con-
tact with departures control, a pilot must report:
a. the direction of turn;
b. the initial heading;
c. the altitude passing, to nearest 100 ft; and
d. the last assigned level.
1.7.1.2 However, an aircraft tracking via a SID which does not incorporate initial heading instruc-
tions is only required to advise altitude passing and confirm assigned level.
1.7.2 Departure Report — Class D Control Zones
1.7.2.1 In Class D control zones (where a procedural service is provided), the pilot of an IFR
flight must report after take-off:
a. departure time (if applicable);
b. tracking information;
c. the last assigned altitude; and
d. the estimate for the first enroute reporting point.
1.7.2.2 The departure time must be calculated as follows:
a. current time minus an adjustment for the distance from the aerodrome; or
b. when over or abeam the aerodrome.
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1.7.2.3 Tracking information must confirm the track established with reference to the appropriate
navigation aid or, if tracking via a SID, confirm the SID identifier.
1.7.3 Establishment on Track
1.7.3.1 Unless tracking via a SID or otherwise instructed by ATC, a pilot-in-command must
remain within 5 NM of the departure aerodrome to establish flight on the departure track as soon
as practicable after take-off.
1.7.4 Frequency Change
1.7.4.1 When frequency change instructions are issued immediately preceding the take-off
clearance, pilots must transfer automatically from Tower as soon as practicable after take-off,
preferably within one mile of becoming airborne.
1.7.4.2 In all other situations, pilots of departing aircraft are required to remain on Tower fre-
quency until specific frequency change instructions are issued. Pilots can generally expect an
instruction to contact Departures Control prior to reaching 2000 ft and should, when advised,
effect the change as soon as practicable.
1.7.4.3 When contacting Area Control, pilots must advise the last assigned level and, if not
maintaining the assigned level, the level maintaining or last vacated level.
NOTE: The “last vacated level” may be omitted by identified aircraft squawking pressure altitude
derived level information.
1.8 VFR CLIMB AND DESCENT – IFR FLIGHTS

1.8.1 General
1.8.1.1 A pilot of an IFR flight, operating in VMC, in Classes “D” and “E” airspace, may request
to climb/descend VFR.
1.8.1.2 When, in the controller’s judgement, there is reason to believe that flight in VMC may
become impracticable, the controller will issue an alternative clearance that ensures separation
from all other aircraft for which he/she has separation responsibility.
1.8.1.3 The pilot of an IFR flight cleared to “Climb/Descend VFR” will receive a service in
accordance with ATC Procedures outlined below.
1.8.1.4 An appropriate clearance must be obtained prior to entering a different class of control-
led airspace.
1.8.2 Pilot Procedures
1.8.2.1 The pilot of an IFR flight requires a clearance to conduct a VFR climb/descent in VMC.
1.8.2.2 When operating in VMC with an ATC clearance to “Climb/Descend VFR”, pilots of IFR
flights must:
a. comply with the VFR visibility and distance from cloud criteria stipulated in GENERAL
FLIGHT PROCEDURES paragraph 3;
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b. comply with instrument flight rules that are applicable to the flight; ie, position reporting, radio
communications, cleared route, adherence to ATC clearance, etc; and
c. visually maintain obstacle clearance.
1.8.2.3 The pilot of an IFR flight operating VFR climb/descent must maintain vigilance so as to
see and avoid other aircraft. Additionally, the pilot accepts the responsibility for wake turbulence
separation.
1.8.3 ATC Procedures
1.8.3.1 On receiving a request for VFR climb/descent, ATC may instruct the pilot to “Climb/
Descent VFR” for a specified portion of the flight.
1.8.3.2 When the pilot is cleared to “Climb/Descend VFR”, ATC will provide:
a. mutual traffic information service on IFR flights;
b. traffic information service on known VFR flights as far as practicable; and
c. a flight information service.
NOTE: IFR separation is not provided.
1.9 VFR-ON-TOP – IFR FLIGHTS

1.9.1 General
1.9.1.1 In Class “E” airspace, a pilot of an IFR flight may request VFR-on-top in lieu of an
assigned altitude. This permits a pilot to select a VFR altitude or flight level of his/her choice sub-
ject to any ATC restrictions.
1.9.1.2 Pilots desiring to climb through cloud, haze, smoke, or other meteorological formation
may request a climb to VFR-on-top.
1.9.1.3 ATC clearance to “Maintain VFR-on-top” is not intended to restrict pilots so that they
must operate only above an obscuring meteorological formation (layer). Instead, the clearance
permits operation above, below, between layers, or in areas where there is no meteorological
obscuration.
1.9.1.4 When, in the controller’s judgement, there is reason to believe that flight in VMC may
become impracticable, the controller must issue an alternative clearance that ensures separation
from all other aircraft for which he/she has separation responsibility.
1.9.1.5 The pilot of an IFR flight cleared to “Maintain VFR-on-top” will receive a service in
accordance with ATC Procedures outlined below.
1.9.1.6 An appropriate clearance must be obtained prior to entering a different class of control-
led airspace.
1.9.1.7 ATC resumes separation responsibility when the aircraft is re-cleared to maintain an IFR
level.
1.9.2 Pilot Procedures
1.9.2.1 The pilot of an IFR flight requires a clearance to operate VFR-on-top.
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1.9.2.2 When operating with an ATC clearance to “Maintain VFR-on-top”, pilots on IFR flight
plans must:
a. fly at the appropriate VFR levels as prescribed in Tables of Cruising Levels.
b. comply with the VFR visibility and distance from cloud criteria stipulated in Visual Meteoro-
logical Conditions (VMC).
c. comply with instrument flight rules that are applicable to the flight; ie, minimum IFR altitudes,
position reporting, radio communications, cleared route, adherence to ATC clearance, etc;
and
d. advise ATC prior to any altitude change to ensure the exchange of accurate traffic informa-
tion.
1.9.2.3 The pilot of an aircraft operating VFR-on-top must maintain vigilance so as to see and
avoid other aircraft. Additionally, the pilot accepts the responsibility for wake turbulence separa-
tion.
1.9.3 ATC Procedures
1.9.3.1 On receiving a request for VFR-on-top, ATC may instruct the pilot to climb to “VFR-on-
top”. This instruction will include:
a. if required, a clearance limit, routing, and an alternative clearance if VFR-on-top is not
reached by a specified altitude;
b. the requirement to report reaching VFR-on-top; and
c. the reported height of the tops or that no tops reports are available.
1.9.3.2 When the pilot reports reaching VFR-on-top, ATC re-clears the aircraft to “Maintain VFR-
on-top” and will provide:
a. mutual traffic information service on IFR flights;
b. traffic information service on known VFR flights as far as practicable; and
c. a flight information service.
NOTE: IFR separation is not provided.
1.9.3.3 ATC will not clear an aircraft to “Maintain VFR-on-top” at night to separate holding air-
craft from each other or from enroute aircraft unless restrictions are applied to ensure the appro-
priate IFR vertical separation.
1.10 DESCENT AND ENTRY

1.10.1 General
1.10.1.1 Most companies operating jet aircraft have agreed to a standard descent profile which
is specified in the operations manual for the aircraft. Pilots must adhere to the profile unless
operational reasons require, or ATC instructs or approves otherwise. A speed variation of more
than +/-10 kt or Mach .025 must be advised to ATC.
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1.10.1.2 Pilots are not required to nominate a descent point if identified.

1.10.1.3 Pilots of IFR flights leaving Classes A, C, D or E airspace should, before entering Class
G airspace, contact the ATS unit providing services in that airspace.
1.10.1.4 After any frequency change, pilots must advise the last assigned level and, if not main-
taining the assigned level, the level maintaining or last vacated level; eg, “MELBOURNE CENTER
(CALL-SIGN) CLEARED FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ONE ZERO, LEAVING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO
NINER ZERO”.
1.10.1.5 A clearance will be issued by ATC covering flight in controlled airspace. In addition,
when appropriate, ATC will advise:
a. the type of instrument approach to be expected;
b. when a delay of more than five (5) minutes is expected, the time at which ATC expects that
the aircraft will leave the holding fix to complete the expected instrument approach for land-
ing; and
c. if instructions are issued to hold for an indefinite period at a point other than the holding fix
referred to in b., the expected time of onward clearance.
1.10.1.6 When making first contact with Approach Control, the following apply:
a. Not Identified — report DME distance if available, together with either the radial if VOR
available, or compass quadrant from the aerodrome, assigned level, flight conditions and
advise receipt of the ATIS (code);
b. Identified — report assigned level, flight conditions, if appropriate, and receipt of the ATIS
(code);
c. Request clearance, if not previously issued.
1.10.1.7 Clearances will be issued direct to pilots by ATC. If the clearance involves a change of
level or route, or if a delay is to be expected, pilots will be advised when first contacting ATC.
1.10.1.8 Approach Control will provide instructions for progressive descent and specify any
change in route, clearance limits and holding instructions. Unless the acknowledged ATIS broad-
cast covers the information, Approach Control will also advise and update as necessary, details
of:
a. runway to be used;
b. landing information; and
c. type and expected time of approach.
1.10.1.9 Clearances to enter will specify the altitude, track and any holding instructions. Some of
these items may be combined with the clearance “CLEARED VISUAL APPROACH”.
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1.10 .2 Flights Entering Class C Airspace

1.10.2.1 Before reaching the boundary of Class C airspace, the pilot must establish two-way
communications with ATC on the published frequency, and obtain a clearance.
1.10.2.2 When advance notification has not been provided, the pilot-in-command must advise
the following to ATC before the point of intended entry:
a. aircraft call sign, “INBOUND / TRANSIT DETAILS” (wait for ATC to respond with your call-
sign), then advise;
1. flight rules and aircraft type,
2. position,
3. route and next estimate; and
4. preferred level.
1.10.2.3 If landing at an aerodrome where ATIS is provided, the pilot should obtain the ATIS
broadcast before first contact on the approach/tower frequency. On first contact advise ATIS
received.
1.10.2.4 The clearance to enter will specify the altitude, track and any holding instructions.
Some of these items may be combined with the clearance “CLEARED FOR VISUAL
APPROACH”.
1.10.3 Clearance to Enter Class D Airspace
1.10.3.1 Before entering Class D airspace, the pilot in command of an aircraft must establish
two-way radio communication with the Tower on the frequency notified on the chart or NOTAM.
Thereafter, the pilot-in-command must maintain those communications while in the Class D air-
space.
1.10.3.2 In initiating two-way communications, the pilot must advise current position, altitude,
intention, and any request(s).
NOTE 1: Radio contact should be initiated far enough from the Class D airspace boundary to pre-
clude entering the Class D airspace before two-way radio communications are established.
NOTE 2: If the controller responds to a radio call with,’ ...(aircraft callsign) [...(instructions)]’, radio
communications have been established and the pilot may enter the Class D airspace.
NOTE 3: If workload or traffic conditions prevent immediate entry into Class D airspace, the con-
troller will inform the pilot to remain outside the Class D airspace until conditions permit entry.
Example: ’...(aircraft callsign) REMAIN OUTSIDE CLASS D AIRSPACE.’
NOTE 4: It is important to understand that if the controller responds to the initial radio call without
using the aircraft callsign, radio communications have not been established and the pilot may not
enter the Class D airspace.
Examples: 'AIRCRAFT CALLING ARCHER TOWER, STANDBY.'
'AIRCRAFT CALLING ROCKY TOWER, SAY AGAIN.'
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1.10.3.3 If landing at an aerodrome where ATIS is provided, the pilot should obtain the ATIS
before first contact on the tower frequency. On first contact advise ATIS received.
1.10.3.4 In establishing two-way communications, ATC may issue a specific instructions that
differ from altitude and intentions advised by the pilot. The pilot-in-command must comply with
any such instructions issued by ATC.
1.10.3.5 The pilot-in-command must not deviate from the track, level and intentions stated
during the establishment of two-way communications or the instructions issued by ATC (if these
instructions modify the stated track, level and intentions), unless authorized by ATC.
1.10.3.6 Unless ATC specifically instructs otherwise, establishment of two-way communications
permits a pilot, intending to land at an aerodrome within Class D airspace, to descend as neces-
sary to join the aerodrome traffic circuit.
1.10.4 Cancelling IFR Class D Aerodrome Arrivals
1.10.4.1 To expedite arrival at a Class D aerodrome, the pilot of an IFR flight may elect to
cancel IFR (provided the weather conditions permit VFR), and conduct the approach under VFR.
1.10.4.2 Pilot's must advise this intention by using the phrase “CANCEL IFR.”
1.10.5 Flights Entering a Controlled Airspace from Class G Airspace
1.10.5.1 When communications facilities exist and the controlled airspace and non-towered aer-
odrome are in close proximity, a clearance should be obtained direct on the ATC frequency.
When this is not possible, clearances should be requested through the ATS unit providing serv-
ices in Class G airspace.
1.10.5.2 Aircraft cleared for a visual approach or instrument approach procedure will not be
assigned a level restriction.
1.10.6 Instrument Approach
1.10.6.1 Unless authorized to make a visual approach, an IFR flight must conform to the pub-
lished instrument approach procedure nominated by ATC.
1.10.6.2 A pilot request to conduct a specific approach should be made prior to STAR clearance
issue, or prior to top of descent for arriving aircraft not on a STAR eligible route.
1.10.6.3 Authorization for final approach will be in the form of a clearance for the type of
approach as shown on the approach chart title. If visual at the minima, the nominated runway
then becomes the clearance limit subject to any further ATC instructions and a clearance to land.
In the event that the aircraft is unable to land from the instrument approach or loses visual refer-
ence while circling, the aircraft is cleared to carry out the published missed approach unless ATC
directs otherwise. The pilot in command must seek further ATC instructions prior to reaching the
end of the missed approach procedure.
1.10.6.4 The full chart title of the instrument approach procedure, as described at the top of the
relevant chart, must be used in all clearances, coordination and read-backs relating to the proce-
dure, including entry procedures. However, with the exception of circling approaches, the suffix
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may be omitted if there is no possibility of confusion. Where multiple approaches procedures are
on the same chart, only the approach procedure being conducted shall be referred to.
1.10.6.5 Aircraft may be instructed to track via an instrument approach procedure and a level
restriction assigned, if the aircraft is:
a. in VMC conducting instrument approach training; or
b. a military aircraft:
1. conducting a non-precision approach; or
2. conducting a precision approach provided that clearance for the approach is issued in
sufficient time for the aircraft to maintain the required descent rate in accordance with
the published procedure.
1.10.7 Visual Approach
1.10.7.1 ATC Authorization — Except as detailed in the next paragraph, the criteria under
which visual approaches may be authorized by ATC are as follows:
a. For an IFR flight:
1. By day when:
– the aircraft is within 30 NM of the aerodrome; and
– the pilot has established and can continue flight to the aerodrome with continuous
visual reference to the ground or water; and
– visibility along the flight path is not less than 5000m, or for helicopters 800m, or the
aerodrome is in sight.
2. By night when:
– the pilot has established and can continue flight to the aerodrome with continuous
visual reference to the ground or water; and
– visibility along the flight path is not less than 5000m; and
– the aircraft is within 30 NM of the aerodrome; or
– receiving an ATS surveillance service, the flight has been assigned the minimum
vector altitude (MVA) and given heading or tracking instructions to intercept final or to
position the aircraft within the circling area of the aerodrome.
b. For a VFR flight by day and night, the aircraft is within 30 NM of the aerodrome.
1.10.7.2 In addition to the requirements of the previous paragraph, with the exception of Austral-
ian and New Zealand operators and aircraft conducting independent visual approaches at
Sydney, Super or Heavy jet aircraft will only be assigned a visual approach when:
a. specifically requested by the pilot, and the pilot has reported the landing runway in sight; or
b. the straight-in approach aid is unserviceable.
1.10.7.3 In the case of sub-para b. above, the aircraft will be:
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a. vectored to intercept final no closer than 8 NM from the runway threshold, at an altitude not
less than 2500 ft Above Aerodrome Level (AAL); and
b. assigned a straight-in visual approach when:
1. established on final or on a heading to intercept final course at an angle of not more
than 30 degrees; and
2. visual glideslope guidance (VASIS/PAPI) is available; and
3. the pilot has reported the landing runway in sight.
1.10.7.4 Tracking Requirements — Tracking requirements for a visual approach include the
following:
a. A pilot-in-command must maintain track/heading on the route progressively authorized by
ATC until:
1. by day, within 5 NM of the aerodrome; or
2. by night:
– for an IFR flight, within the prescribed circling area; or
– for a VFR flight, within 3 NM of the aerodrome; and
– the aerodrome is in sight.
b. From this position the circuit must be joined, as directed by ATC for an approach to the nom-
inated runway.
1.10.7.5 Minimum Altitude Requirements — During the conduct of a visual approach, a pilot
must descend as necessary to:
a. By day:
1. for an IFR flight, remain not less than 500 ft above the lower limit of the CTA; and
2. for IFR and VFR flights, operate not below the lowest altitude permissible for VFR flight.
(CAR 157)
b. By night:
1. for an IFR flight:
– maintain an altitude not less than the route segment LSALT/MSA or the appropriate
step of the DME/GPS Arrival procedure, or 500 ft above the lower limit of the CTA, if
this is higher; or
– if receiving an ATS surveillance service, operate not below the last assigned altitude;
until the aircraft is:
– within the prescribed circling area for the category of aircraft or a higher category,
where the limitations of the higher category are complied with, and the aerodrome is
in sight; or
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– within 5 NM (7 NM for a runway equipped with an ILS) of the aerodrome, aligned with
the runway centerline and established not below “on slope” on the T-VASIS or PAPI;
or
– within 10 NM of the aerodrome (14 NM for Runways 16L and 34L at Sydney), estab-
lished not below the ILS glidepath with less than full scale azimuth deflection.
2. for a VFR flight:
– maintain not less than the lowest altitude permissible for VFR flight (CAR 174B) until
the aircraft is within 3 NM of the aerodrome and the aerodrome is in sight.
1.10.7.6 When conducting a visual approach, a pilot-in-command must not climb above an alti-
tude reported to ATC as having been reached or left, unless authorized to do so.
1.10.7.7 A pilot-in-command operating under the IFR who desires a visual approach and is sat-
isfied that the visual conditions can be met must report “VISUAL”. A pilot who is unable to con-
tinue a visual approach which has been authorized by ATC must immediately advise ATC.
1.10.7.8 A pilot reporting “VISUAL” may initially be given a clearance below LSALT to a specific
altitude in the following terms:
a. by day, “DESCEND TO (level) VISUAL”; or
b. by night, “WHEN ESTABLISHED IN THE CIRCLING AREA, DESCEND TO (level) VISUAL”.
1.10.7.9 A pilot descending to and maintaining a specific altitude visually below the LSALT must
comply with the minimum altitude requirements.
1.10.7.10 A pilot may be assigned the responsibility to follow another arriving aircraft which
he/she has reported sighting. When assigned this responsibility, the pilot must maintain separa-
tion from and not overtake that aircraft. In this circumstance, the pilot is also responsible for pro-
viding his/her own wake turbulence separation. If sighting is subsequently lost, advise ATC imme-
diately.
1.11 HOLDING
1.11.1 A pilot-in-command cleared to a point for which there is an approved holding pattern
must hold in that pattern until further cleared. Where a delay of more than five (5) minutes is
expected, ATC will advise:
a. an expected landing time, when an ATS surveillance service is provided; or
b. an expected approach time, when a procedural service is provided.
1.11.2 During an instrument approach sequence, the aircraft estimated to arrive first over a
holding fix will be assigned the lowest level available for assignment, and succeeding aircraft will
be given priority in the order of their estimated times of arrival over such points.
1.11.3 A pilot, who is holding, will be given a STACK DEPARTURE TIME, or a time at which to
EXPECT ONWARDS CLEARANCE. If the aircraft is subject to further delay an EXPECTED
LANDING TIME will be advised.
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1.11.4 At the time or position advised, the pilot must advise departure from the stack, and state
heading and altitude. A pilot should endeavor to leave the holding fix on time, but one (1) minute
ahead of time is acceptable.
1.11.5 When operationally necessary, a pilot in command holding in an approach sequence
must advise ATC of the latest divert time.
1.11.6 When an aircraft is holding because airspace is closed or weather conditions are worse
than the prescribed landing minima, ATC will nominate scheduled reporting times. These times
will normally be at 15 minute intervals.
1.11.7 When leaving an enroute holding pattern, jet aircraft must maintain 250 kt IAS. Aircraft
should maintain a constant IAS, and any sustained speed variation of more than 10 kt must be
advised to ATC (see TERMINAL, Holding Procedures paragraph 2.1 for maximum aircraft speeds
in the holding pattern).
1.11.8 Unless previously advised, the controller will advise the latest weather information, type
of approach, and runway to be used. Significant variations to this information will be advised as
required. However, during the final stages of approach, such information will be limited to items
which could affect the safety of the aircraft.
1.12 LANDING
1.12.1 Provision of Operational Information
1.12.1.1 ATC will supply the following information for landing operations:
a. runway or direction;
b. wind direction and speed, QNH and, if required, temperature and/or dew point;
c. known significant weather information, including low cloud and visibility or runway visual
range;
d. a time check (to the nearest half minute), whenever a time to commence final is specified by
ATC;
e. the crosswind component on the runway to be used, if this equals or exceeds 8 kt for single-
engine aircraft or 12 kt for multi-engine aircraft;
f. the downwind component if a pilot operates downwind;
g. aerodrome surface conditions significant to the operation, including maintenance work within
23m of the runway side stripe marking;
h. birds or other hazards to aircraft; and
i. cautionary advice of wake turbulence.
1.12.2 Selection of Landing Direction
1.12.2.1 The pilot-in-command must ensure that the nominated runway or direction is operation-
ally suitable. If the nominated runway or direction is not suitable then ATC must be advised using
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the phrase “REQUIRE RUNWAY (number)”. Such a request will not result in loss of priority provi-
ded it is made:
a. before reaching 80 NM (120 NM for jets) from a capital city aerodrome (including Essendon)
or 30 NM from other primary controlled aerodromes, for arriving aircraft wholly within control-
led airspace; or
b. on first contact with ATC for arriving aircraft entering controlled airspace within the distance
specified above or a control area step or a control zone.
1.12.2.2 The decision to land rests solely with the pilot-in-command.
1.12.3 Selection of Circuit Direction
1.12.3.1 A pilot-in-command must notify ATC if a particular turn or circuit is essential to the safe
operation of the aircraft. The word REQUIRE must be used to enable ATC to identify the safety
requirement.
1.12.4 Downwind Report to Tower
Unless otherwise instructed by ATC, the pilot of an arriving or circuit training aircraft must report
DOWNWIND when starting or entering the downwind leg of the traffic circuit. If frequency conges-
tion prevents the call being made when starting the downwind leg, the pilot must report MID-
DOWNWIND or LATE-DOWNWIND as appropriate.
1.12.5 Clearances
1.12.5.1 A pilot-in-command must not land unless the specific clearance “CLEARED TO LAND”
has been received.
NOTE: ATC approval must be obtained if asymmetric training is to be carried out within 5 NM of a
controlled aerodrome.
1.12.6 Separation Minima for Landing
1.12.6.1 The appropriate wake turbulence separation standard will be applied by ATC between
landing aircraft, except when a pilot has been assigned responsibility to maintain separation with
another aircraft.
1.12.6.2 A landing aircraft will not be permitted to cross the threshold of the runway on its final
approach until:
a. a preceding departing aircraft using the same runway:
1. is airborne, and
– has commenced a turn; or
– is beyond the point on the runway at which the landing aircraft could be expected to
complete its landing roll and there is sufficient distance to maneuver safely in the
event of a missed approach;
2. is at least 1000m from the runway threshold, and
– has commenced the take-off run, and
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– in the opinion of the controller, no collision risk exists, and

– the aircraft taking off has a MTOW of 7000kg or less, and
– the landing aircraft is performance category A and has a MTOW below 3000kg.
b. a preceding landing aircraft using the same runway:
1. has vacated it and is taxiing away from the runway; or
2. has landed and has passed a point at least 1000M from the threshold of the runway and
will vacate the runway without backtracking, and
– in the opinion of the tower controller, no collision risk exists, and
– the preceding landing aircraft has a MTOW of 7000kg or less, and
– the following landing aircraft is performance category A and has a MTOW below
3000kg; or
3. has landed and has passed a point at least 600M from the threshold of the runway, is in
motion and will vacate the runway without backtracking; and
– the preceding landing aircraft has a MTOW of less than 7,000KG, and
– the following landing aircraft has a MTOW of 2,000KG or less, or
4. in the case where the following landing aircraft is a helicopter, the preceding landing air-
craft is at least 300m down the runway from the threshold and ATC is satisfied no colli-
sion risk exists.
c. a preceding aircraft, using a different runway, has crossed or stopped short of the landing
aircraft’s runway.
In the above situations, a landing clearance may be issued if ATC expect that the required runway
separation standard will exist.
1.12.6.3 Other than as specified in Conditions for LAHSO, exceptions to separation minima are:
a. aircraft landing in formation with respect to each other; and
b. aircraft operating in different areas or lanes on aerodromes with runways or facilities suitable
for simultaneous landings.
1.13 CIRCUIT OPERATIONS

1.13.1 Sequencing
1.13.1.1 When appropriate, ATC will issue a sequencing instruction.
1.13.1.2 In sequencing aircraft ATC will indicate the position of the preceding aircraft by refer-
ence to a leg of the circuit or as a clock bearing, and describe it either as a specific type or in
general terms (e.g., Cessna or Twin).
1.13.1.3 ATC may issue a sequence number. Sequence numbers specify the landing sequence
position of an aircraft with respect to any preceding traffic.
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1.13.1.4 When issued with a sequencing instruction, a pilot must follow the preceding aircraft
and continue to do so unless otherwise instructed by ATC.
1.13.1.5 The instruction FOLLOW requires the pilot to sight the preceding aircraft, and regulate
circuit speed and approach path to achieve longitudinal separation. If the preceding aircraft
cannot be sighted and identified, the pilot must advise ATC.
1.13.2 Non-Standard Circuit Operations
1.13.2.1 Pilots must advise ATC of non-standard circuit operations, e.g., glide and flapless cir-
cuits, normally with the DOWNWIND report. This advice will also alert other circuit traffic. ATC
must also be advised of single-engined aircraft conducting simulated engine failures at the earli-
est opportunity.
1.13.2.2 Where appropriate, an ATC sequencing instruction will indicate that there are no traffic
restrictions precluding the maneuver. Subject to traffic, ATC may deny, or apply parameters to
such operations for traffic management purposes.
1.13.3 Parallel Runway Operations at Class D Aerodromes
Where a Class D aerodrome is equipped with parallel runways, ATC may sequence aircraft for
simultaneous contra-circuits and may conduct these operations using separate Tower frequencies
for each runway. Operations will be regulated independently in each circuit, with an ATC clear-
ance required to enter the opposite circuit or airspace.
1.14 GO AROUND AND MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURE IN VMC

1.14.1 In the event that an aircraft is required to go around from a visual approach in VMC, the
aircraft must initially climb on runway track, remain visual and await instructions from ATC. If the
aircraft cannot clear obstacles on runway track, the aircraft may turn.
1.14.2 The exception to the above procedure is that at Sydney visual go-arounds must be car-
ried out:
a. in accordance with the published ILS missed approach procedure for the runway the aircraft
is using; or
b. as directed by ATC.
1.14.3 In the event an aircraft is unable, or does not wish, to land from an instrument approach
in VMC, the aircraft must carry out the published instrument missed approach procedure for the
instrument approach being flown, unless ATC directs otherwise.
1.14.4 At Class D aerodromes with parallel runways where contra-rotating circuit operations are
in progress, if ATC instructs, or a pilot initiates a go around, the pilot must:
a. commence climb to circuit altitude;
b. position the aircraft on the active side and parallel to the nominated duty runway, while main-
taining separation from other aircraft; and
c. follow ATC instructions or re-enter the circuit from upwind.
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1.15 TAXIING AFTER LANDING

1.15.1 A pilot-in-command must not hold on the runway in use unless ATC has so authorized.
1.15.2 After landing, unless otherwise specified by ATC, an aircraft must:
a. promptly vacate the runway without backtracking;
b. change from the aerodrome frequency to the SMC frequency (where established) when
vacating the runway strip and obtain an ATC taxi instruction;
c. not cross any runway that intersects the taxi route unless in receipt of a taxi instruction and a
“CROSS RUNWAY (number)” instruction from ATC; and
d. taxi to the destination via the most direct taxiway(s) available.
e. Where an apron service is provided on a discrete frequency, change to that frequency on
entering the apron.
1.15.3 A taxi instruction which contains a taxi limit beyond a runway must include a “CROSS
RUNWAY (number)” instruction to cross that runway. When an aircraft is required to hold short of
a runway intersecting the taxi route, ATC will issue a taxi instruction limit of the holding point
associated with the intersecting runway.
1.15.4 An aircraft which has been issued with a taxi instruction limit of the holding point of a
runway intersecting the taxi route, or has been issued with an instruction to “HOLD SHORT” of
that runway, must subsequently be issued with an instruction to “CROSS RUNWAY (number)”.
1.15.5 Aircraft required to hold short of a runway must hold at the appropriate holding point for
that runway, or the runway strip edge at the intersection of a crossing runway.
1.15.6 When separate frequencies for aerodrome control and surface movement control (SMC)
are in use, the pilot-in-command, on landing, must change from the aerodrome control frequency
to the SMC frequency on vacating the runway strip, and then transmit the aircraft call sign and, if
applicable, parking bay number. A pilot-in-command may “REQUEST DETAILED TAXI
INSTRUCTIONS TO (location)”.
The taxi clearance regulates movement on the maneuvering area. The separation of aircraft taxi-
ing on the maneuvering area is a joint pilot and controller responsibility. Taxi clearance shall con-
tain concise instructions and adequate information so as to assist flight crew to follow the correct
taxi routes, to avoid collision with other aircraft and objects and to minimize the potential for the
aircraft inadvertently entering a runway.
1.15.8 A taxi clearance will not relate to movement on the apron areas. However, available
essential information referring to other aircraft entering or leaving the same apron area will be pro-
vided.
1.15.9 Radio watch must be maintained on the SMC or tower frequency (where no SMC fre-
quency is provided) until parked.
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2 OPERATIONS IN CLASS E AIRSPACE

2.1 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES
2.1.1 In Class E airspace, IFR and VFR flights are permitted. IFR flights are provided with an air
traffic control service, are separated from other IFR flights, and receive traffic information on VFR
flights as far as is practicable. VFR flights receive a Surveillance Information Service (SIS), where
available, on request.
2.1.2 Traffic information services provided by ATC do not relieve pilots of their responsibilities
for continued vigilance to see-and-avoid other aircraft.
2.1.3 When vectors are provided to IFR flights in Class E airspace, terrain clearance will be pro-
vided by ATC. However, in VMC by day, pilots may be assigned responsibility for terrain clear-
ance by the use of the phrase “DESCEND TO (level) / CLIMB TO (level) / TURN RIGHT / TURN
LEFT (degrees) VISUAL”.
2.1.4 In Class E airspace, the following also apply:
a. Hazard Alerts will be directed to pilots of IFR flights, and to pilots of known VFR flights.
b. Unless operationally required by a pilot, ATC will only assign IFR levels.
2.2 VFR FLIGHTS IN CLASS E AIRSPACE

2.2.1 VFR flights entering Class E airspace do not require a clearance, but may receive a Sur-
veillance Information Service (SIS), where available, on request.
2.2.2 VFR flights entering and operating in Class E airspace should:
a. avoid published IFR routes, where possible;
b. monitor the appropriate Class E frequency and announce if in potential conflict; and
c. take appropriate action to avoid potential conflict.
2.2.3 Pilots of VFR flights should avoid IFR holding patterns.
3 PARALLEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS AT CLASS C

AERODROMES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.1.1 Simultaneous parallel runway operations may be used for:
a. independent parallel approaches and/or departures;
b. dependent parallel approaches and/or departures;
c. segregated parallel approaches and departures; or
d. simultaneous opposite direction operations (SODPROPS).
3.2 PILOT NOTIFICATION

3.2.1 Whenever parallel runway operations are in progress, pilots will be notified by inclusion of
that advice, and an expectation of the type of approach or departure, on the ATIS. For example:
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“PARALLEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS IN PROGRESS, EXPECT INDEPENDENT VISUAL

APPROACH, INDEPENDENT DEPARTURES IN PROGRESS;” or
“INDEPENDENT PARALLEL APPROACHES IN PROGRESS, EXPECT ILS PRM APPROACH,
INDEPENDENT DEPARTURES IN PROGRESS.”
3.2.2 The use of Simultaneous Opposite Direction Parallel Runway Operations (SODPROPS)
will be broadcast on the ATIS, including the runway configuration being used for the procedure.
For example:
“RUNWAY ONE SIX LEFT FOR DEPARTURES, RUNWAY THREE FOUR LEFT FOR ARRIV-
ALS. SIMULTANEOUS OPPOSITE DIRECTION PARALLEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS IN PRO-
GRESS.”
3.2.3 Pilots will be advised of the runway expectation and localizer frequency as soon as practi-
cable after first contact with Approach / Director.
4 PARALLEL INSTRUMENT APPROACHES

4.1 DEPENDENT APPROACHES IN IMC
4.1.1 Dependent parallel approaches may be conducted to parallel runways with centerlines
separated by more than 915m provided that:
a. the aircraft are making straight-in approaches;
b. Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches are being conducted on adjacent runways;
c. a minimum of 1000 ft vertical or 3 NM radar separation is provided between aircraft during
the turn-on to parallel ILS localizer courses;
d. aircraft established on the same ILS localizer course are radar separated by a minimum of 3
NM unless increased longitudinal separation is required due to wake turbulence;
e. successive aircraft on adjacent ILS localizer courses are separated by a minimum of 2 NM
by radar; and
f. the missed approach track for one approach diverges by at least 30 degrees from the
missed approach track of the adjacent approach.
4.2 INDEPENDENT APPROACHES IN IMC

4.2.1 Requirements for pilot participation in independent parallel (ILS PRM) approaches in IMC
are detailed on the Sydney (-Kingsford Smith) Airport chart titled “ILS PRM USER INSTRUC-
TIONS.” Pilots unable to participate in an ILS PRM approach must notify ATC prior to 120 DME
SY (or, if departing within 120 DME SY, on first contact with ATC).
4.2.2 Independent parallel approaches may be conducted to parallel runways with centerlines
separated by more than 1035m provided that:
a. for runways separated by greater than 1525m, suitable surveillance radar with a minimum
azimuth accuracy of 0.3 degree (one sigma) and update period of five (5) seconds or less is
available;
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b. for runways separated by less than 1525m, a suitable surveillance radar with a minimum
azimuth accuracy of 0.06 degree (one sigma) and update period of 2.5 seconds or less and
a high resolution display providing position prediction and deviation alert, is available;
c. a No-Transgression Zone (NTZ) is depicted on the situation display (the NTZ is 610m wide
and is established equidistant between runway centerlines, beginning from the point where
adjacent aircraft first lose vertical separation, and extends to 0.5 NM beyond the farthest
Departure End of Runway (DER));
d. the aircraft are making straight-in approaches;
e. Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches are being conducted to both runways;
f. a minimum of 1000 ft vertical or 3 NM radar separation is provided until aircraft are estab-
lished on the ILS localizer course;
g. when aircraft are established on the ILS localizer course, a minimum of 1000 ft vertical sep-
aration or 2 NM radar separation is provided between aircraft on adjacent localizers until the
higher aircraft reaches the ILS PRM initial approach fix;
h. aircraft established on the same ILS localizer course are radar separated by a minimum of 3
NM unless increased longitudinal separation is required due to wake turbulence;
i. the missed approach track for one approach diverges by at least 30 degrees from the
missed approach track of the adjacent approach;
j. when an aircraft is vectored to intercept the ILS localizer course, the final vector permits the
aircraft to intercept at an angle not greater than 30 degrees and provides for at least 1 NM
straight flight prior to ILS localizer course intercept;
k. the aircraft are cleared to descend to the appropriate glidepath intercept altitude soon
enough to provide a period of level flight to dissipate excess speed;
l. the aircraft are transferred to the respective aerodrome control frequency and monitoring the
relevant PRM frequency no later than 2 NM prior to the higher ILS PRM glidepath intercept
point.
4.3 RADAR MONITORING OF APPROACHES

4.3.1 Regardless of weather conditions, aircraft must be radar monitored as being established
on the ILS localizer course until:
a. for runways separated by greater than 1525m:
1. visual separation is applied; or
2. the aircraft is 1 NM or less from the runway threshold.
b. for runways separated by less than 1525m:
1. visual separation is applied;
2. the aircraft reports the approach lights in sight; or
3. the aircraft has landed; or
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4. in the event of a missed approach, the aircraft is 0.5 NM beyond the DER.
4.4 BREAK-OUT PROCEDURES

4.4.1 When the PRM indicates that a track will penetrate the NTZ, ATC will advise the aircraft of
the deviation. Pilots are not required to acknowledge this transmission.
4.4.2 When an aircraft is observed penetrating the NTZ, that aircraft and affected aircraft on the
adjacent localizer course will be issued with appropriate heading and altitude instructions to
resolve the confliction. Where either aircraft is 1 NM or less from the runway threshold, it may be
allowed to continue its approach and land if provided with traffic information on the relevant air-
craft.
4.4.3 When issued with break-out instructions, pilots must immediately discontinue the approach
by:
a. manually flying the aircraft to the required heading without delay;
b. climbing (or descending) to the altitude specified by ATC; and
c. reading back the ATC instruction as soon as practicable.
NOTE: A descending break-out will only be issued in exceptional circumstances.
4.5 TCAS SELECTION

4.5.1 Pilots should maintain TCAS selection in the RA mode.
4.5.2 The TCAS provides only vertical resolution of aircraft conflicts, while the ATC breakout
instruction provides both vertical and horizontal guidance for conflict resolutions. Should a TCAS
Resolution Advisory (RA) be received, the pilot should immediately respond to the RA. If following
the RA requires deviating from an ATC clearance, the pilot must advise ATC as soon as practica-
ble. While following the RA, compliance with the turn portion of the ATC breakout instruction is
mandatory unless the pilot determines safety to be a prohibiting factor. Adhering to these proce-
dures will ensure that acceptable “breakout” separation margins will always be provided, even in
the face of a normal procedural or system failure.
4.6 SUSPENSION OF APPROACHES

4.6.1 Independent parallel approaches to parallel runways spaced less than 1525m will be sus-
pended during periods of severe weather such as thunderstorms, windshear, turbulence, down
draughts or crosswinds which might increase ILS localizer course deviations to an unacceptable
level of deviation alerts.
5 PARALLEL VISUAL APPROACHES

5.1 DEPENDENT VISUAL APPROACHES
5.1.1 Dependent visual approaches to parallel runways may be conducted in accordance with
procedures and requirements for visual approaches.
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5.2 INDEPENDENT VISUAL APPROACHES

5.2.1 Independent visual approaches may be conducted to parallel runways with centerlines
separated by at least 760m provided that:
a. the aircraft are making straight-in approaches commencing at the outer marker or 4 NM from
the runway threshold;
b. a minimum 1000 ft vertical or 3 NM radar separation is maintained between aircraft until:
1. one aircraft is established within the furthest Initial Approach Fix (IAF), when both air-
craft are established on their respective localizer in visual conditions; or
2. one aircraft is established on the localizer in visual conditions, and the other is estab-
lished on a heading to intercept final inside the furthest IAF with the runway reported in
sight; or
3. both aircraft are established on a heading to intercept final inside the furthest IAF with
the runway reported in sight; and
c. when an aircraft is vectored to intercept the final course, the final vector permits the aircraft
to intercept at an angle not greater than 30°.
5.2.2 Aircraft may be processed via an ILS approach until visual, then cleared for an independ-
ent visual approach. Notification will be by the ATIS using the phrase “EXPECT ILS APPROACH
THEN INDEPENDENT VISUAL APPROACH WHEN VISUAL”. When visual, the pilot will be
cleared for a visual approach and will be required to comply with the responsibilities listed under
PILOT RESPONSIBILITIES.
5.2.3 Traffic information regarding aircraft approaching to land on the adjacent centerline will
only be provided when the separation requirements specified in paragraph 5.2.1b. above are not
met.
5.2.4 A pilot should report “VISUAL” and/or “RUNWAY (number) LEFT/RIGHT IN SIGHT” as
soon as possible after first contact with Approach / Director. If a pilot does not report the runway
in sight by a position 3 NM from the centerline of the adjacent parallel runway, the controller may,
if necessary, vector the aircraft away from the final approach for sequencing for a dependent
approach.
5.2.5 The “VISUAL” report is the only report required when established on the localizer.
5.2.6 The “RUNWAY (number) LEFT/RIGHT IN SIGHT” report indicates that the pilot can main-
tain the runway in sight throughout the approach. If visual contact is lost, the pilot must advise
ATC immediately.
5.3 PILOT RESPONSIBILITIES

5.3.1 Pilots of aircraft conducting independent visual approaches are responsible for:
a. flying accurate headings when being vectored to final;
b. ensuring that the runway centerline is not crossed during intercept;
c. accurately tracking the extended runway centerline;
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d. maintaining a visual lookout for aircraft approaching the parallel runway;

e. in the event of an aircraft not complying with a., b. or c. above, maintaining the necessary
separation from aircraft on the other approach;
f. advising ATC immediately when avoiding action is initiated or visual contact with the runway
is lost; and
g. meeting the obstacle clearance requirements for night visual approaches.
5.4 CHANGE OF RUNWAY FOR SEPARATION DURING INDEPENDENT

VISUAL APPROACHES
5.4.1 To avoid a ‘go around’ and ensure the maintenance of separation, a controller may offer
an aircraft already established on final a change of runway (right to left or left to right). An offer of
a change of runway shall include the new localizer frequency and shall only be made when the
aircraft is:
a. in visual conditions; and
b. outside 5 NM from the aircraft’s intended threshold.
5.5 SEGREGATED OPERATIONS IN IMC

5.5.1 Segregated parallel operations in instrument conditions may be conducted on parallel run-
ways with centerlines separated by more than 760m provided the nominal departure track
diverges immediately after take-off by at least 30° from the missed approach track of the adjacent
approach.
5.5.2 The following types of approaches may be conducted in segregated parallel operations:
a. ILS precision;
b. radar; or
c. visual.
5.6 INDEPENDENT DEPARTURES

5.6.1 Independent departures can be conducted provided that:
a. ATC instructions permit the courses of the respective aircraft to diverge by at least 15
degrees immediately after take-off; and
b. the aircraft will be identified within 1 NM of the upwind end of the departure runway.
5.7 SIMULTANEOUS OPPOSITE DIRECTION OPERATIONS

5.7.1 Simultaneous Opposite Direction Parallel Runway Operations (SODPROPS) may be con-
ducted subject to the following conditions:
a. Runway centerlines are separated by a minimum of 860m.
b. Operations are conducted in meteorological conditions equal to or better than the minimum
vectoring level, or the lowest minimum commencement level for instrument approaches to
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the arrival runway, whichever is lower. (Without prior approval, the minima shall not be less
than cloud base 2500 ft and visibility 8km in the arrival and departure sector concerned.)
c. Traffic information is passed on conflicting aircraft.
d. The departure runway course diverges by 15 degrees from the approach course of the other
runway.
5.7.2 All arriving aircraft conducting instrument or visual approaches to the arrival runway shall:
a. intercept the final course at an angle not greater than 30 degrees;
b. be retained on the controller's frequency until the aircraft is established on final; and
c. be established on final approach and transferred to tower frequency no later than 10 NM
from touchdown. If divergence between tracks is greater than 15 degrees, this distance may
be amended to take account of local circumstances.
NOTE: In the event of LOC failure, ATC should confirm with the pilot of an aircraft on a visual
approach that the runway is in sight.
5.7.3 Traffic information, which will include the runway and position of the traffic and may
include aircraft type, will be passed to arriving and departing aircraft as follows:
a. Arriving aircraft will be advised of all departing aircraft that can be expected to depart off the
opposite direction parallel runway and are likely to pass when within 10 NM of touchdown.
For example:
“TRAFFIC (aircraft type) DEPARTING ON OPPOSITE DIRECTION PARALLEL RUNWAY,
TURNING EAST”
b. Departing aircraft will be advised of all arriving aircraft that can be expected on final for the
opposite direction parallel runway and are likely to pass when within 10 NM of departure. For
example:
“TRAFFIC (aircraft type) EIGHT MILES FROM TOUCHDOWN FOR OPPOSITE DIRECTION
PARALLEL RUNWAY”
NOTE 1: The distance of 10 NM may be reduced if the divergence between tracks is greater
than 15 degrees.
NOTE 2: Pilots are not required to report traffic sighted.
6 OPERATIONS IN CLASS G AIRSPACE

6.1 COMMUNICATIONS
6.1.1 The pilot of an IFR aircraft operating from a non-towered aerodrome must attempt to con-
tact ATS on VHF or HF when taxiing. If the pilot is unable to establish contact, the flight may pro-
ceed on a broadcast basis provided contact is established as soon as possible after take-off, and:
a. in the case of an RPT, CHTR or AWK flight, the pilot is assured of radio contact with his or
her operator, or a representative of his or her operator who has immediate access to a serv-
iceable telephone, until contact is made with ATS; or
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b. for flights other than RPT, a SARTIME for departure has been established with a maximum
of 30 minutes from EOBT.
NOTE: Pilots are reminded of their obligations to see and avoid other aircraft (CAR 163A). Refer
also to CAAP 166–2(0) – Pilots’ responsibility for collision avoidance in the vicinity of non-towered
(non-controlled) aerodromes using ’see-and-avoid’.
6.1.2 The Pilot of an IFR flight departing from a non-towered aerodrome must report “IFR” when
making first contact with ATS.
6.1.3 A pilot of other than an IFR RPT flight may nominate a SARTIME for departure either as
part of the arrival report or when submitting flight notification by the phrase “SARTIME FOR
DEPARTURE”. SAR alerting action will be initiated if a report is not received by the nominated
SARTIME for departure.
NOTE: VFR RPT must comply with CAO 82.3, paragraph 7.3 (not published herein) or as other-
wise approved.
6.1.4 To achieve the greatest degree of safety CAR 166C requires pilots of aircraft carrying a
serviceable radio which they are qualified to use, to make a broadcast whenever it is reasonably
necessary to do so to avoid a collision, or the risk of a collision with another aircraft at a non-tow-
ered aerodrome. In certain circumstances carriage of radio and being qualified to use it are man-
datory – (Refer to SUMMARY OF REPORT AND BROADCAST REQUIREMENTS and reference
CAAP 166–1(0)).
NOTE: Pilots are reminded of their obligations to see and avoid other aircraft (CAR 163A). Refer
also to CAAP 166–2(0) Pilots’ responsibility for collision avoidance in the vicinity of non-towered
(non-controlled) aerodromes using ’see-and-avoid’.
6.1.5 Only pilots of radio equipped aircraft, and who are qualified to use the radio, may operate
at, or in the vicinity of, an aerodrome where radio carriage is required.
6.1.6 Pilots of aircraft transiting in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome should monitor the
designated CTAF while within 10NM of the aerodrome. Pilots should respond to other traffic
broadcasts and advise their position and intentions so as to avoid traffic conflict. Pilots should
avoid flying over the aerodrome at an altitude that could conflict with operations in the vicinity of
the aerodrome.
6.1.7 When a report from an IFR flight is made to ATS on HF, a broadcast on the appropriate
CTAF or area VHF is also required.
6.2 CIRCUIT INFORMATION, SEPARATION MINIMA AND HEIGHT

6.2.1 Circuit Information
6.2.1.1 Pilots should fly a circuit commensurate with the aircraft type they are operating. How-
ever the use of any circuit procedure does not alter the responsibility of each pilot to see and
avoid other aircraft. Pilots operating in the circuit should maneuver to follow traffic ahead of them
in the circuit.
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6.2.1.2 Left-hand circuits is the standard traffic circuit that must normally be made. Right-hand
circuit requirements are listed on Terminal Airport charts or in the Airport Directory.
6.2.1.3 Aircraft should not be operated in the circuit at an indicated airspeed of more than 200
kts.
6.2.1.4 During the initial climb-out the turn onto crosswind should be made appropriate to the
performance of the aircraft, but in any case not less than 500FT (CAR166A(2)(f), so as to be at
circuit height when turning downwind.
6.2.1.5 Pilots may vary the size of the circuit depending on:
a. the performance of the aircraft,
b. safety reasons; or
c. in accordance with the Aircraft Flight Manual, Pilot's Operating Handbook, or company
Standard Operating Procedures
6.2.1.6 Pilots are encouraged to turn on aircraft landing lights, anti-collision lights and strobe
lights, where fitted, when in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome, until the aircraft has landed.
6.2.1.7 Transponders can be detected by aircraft equipped with ACAS (TCAS), allowing them
to ’see’ other aircraft and take evasive action. Pilots of transponder-equipped aircraft should at all
times ensure their transponder is switched to ON/ALT (Mode C), including when operating in the
vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome. In the event of a radio failure it is important that pilots select
7600 on their transponder and continue squawking.
6.2.1.8 So as not to impede commercial aviation, pilots flying recreational or sport aircraft for
their own enjoyment, or pilots flying GA aircraft for their own leisure, should consider giving way to
aircraft being used for ’commerce’ provided that the inconvenience to their own operation is not
great and it can be done safely. Operators of commercial aircraft should never expect a give way
offer to be assumed or automatic. Any offer to give way must be explicit and its acceptance
acknowledged.
6.2.2 Separation Minima
6.2.2.1 An aircraft must not commence take-off until:
a. a preceding departing aircraft using the same runway has:
1. crossed the upwind end of the runway; or
2. commenced a turn; or
3. if the runway is longer than 1800m, become airborne and is at least 1800m ahead; or
4. if both aircraft have a MTOW below 2000kg, the preceding aircraft is airborne and is at
least 600m ahead;
b. a preceding landing aircraft, using the same runway, has vacated it and is taxiing away from
the runway;
c. a preceding aircraft, using another runway, has crossed or stopped short of the take-off air-
craft’s runway.
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6.2.2.2 At aerodromes where gliders operate to a common circuit pattern from a parallel strip
outside the runway strip, the above separation minima shall apply to aircraft landing or taking off
on either runway as if they were a single runway, but aircraft taxiing or stationary on the runway
must not affect operations on the other. Where gliders and glider tugs operate to a contra-circuit,
simultaneous operations are permitted.
6.2.3 Circuit Height
6.2.3.1 When operating at non-towered aerodromes, the following circuit heights are recommen-
ded:
a. High performance – includes jets and many turbo-prop aircraft, above approximately 150KT,
1500FT AGL;
b. Medium performance – includes most piston engine aircraft , between approximately 55KT
and 150KT,1000FT AGL;
c. Low performance – ultralights and rotary wing with a maximum speed of approximately
55KT, 500FT AGL (Refer to Recommended Circuit Join diagram).
6.2.3.2 Circuit heights for aerodromes which have specific requirements are published in the Air-
port Directory.
6.3 TAXIING
6.3.1 Pilots of IFR flights operating from non-towered aerodromes must report to ATC on taxiing.
If unable to establish contact, proceed in accordance with Operations in Class G Airspace, Com-
munications.
6.3.2 Taxiing reports for IFR flights must include the following information:
a. aircraft type;
b. POB (for IFR flights other than RPT);
c. IFR;
d. location;
e. destination or departure quadrant or intentions; and
f. runway to be used.
6.3.3 Following the taxi report , a pilot of an IFR flight must report to ATC when changing to the
CTAF when the ATS frequency will not, or cannot , be monitored. This report must include the
aerodrome location and frequency.
6.3.4 Carriage of radio, and being qualified to use it, is required at aerodromes depicted in
ERSA as certified, registered or military. Refer CAR 166E, Summary of Report and Broadcast
Requirements, & CAAP 166–1(0).
6.4 DEPARTURE INFORMATION

6.4.1 Pilots of departing aircraft should depart by extending one of the standard circuit legs. An
aircraft should not execute a turn opposite to the circuit direction unless the aircraft is well outside
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the circuit area and no traffic conflict exists. This will normally be at least 3NM from the departure
end of the runway. The distance may be less for aircraft with high climb performance. The dis-
tance should be based on pilots being aware of traffic and the ability of the aircraft to climb above
and clear of the circuit area.
NOTE: Pilots of departing aircraft should be aware of traffic intending to join the circuit by the rec-
ommended overfly procedure, as they can be 2,000FT or higher above aerodrome elevation.
6.4.2 A pilot-in-command of an IFR flight must establish the aircraft on the departure track as
soon as practicable after take-off and within 5NM of the aerodrome, except that, at aerodromes
which have published standard instrument departure procedures, an IFR flight may depart in
accordance with those procedures. When established on the departure track, and clear of the cir-
cuit traffic, the pilot-in-command must report departure to ATC unless instructed otherwise.
6.4.3 This report must include the following information:
a. time;
b. outbound track in degrees magnetic;
c. intended cruising level; and
d. the estimate for the first enroute reporting point.
NOTE: Outbound track is not required in surveillance environments where identification is expec-
ted from ATC on departure.
6.4.4 If the pilot transmits the departure report before intercepting the departure track the report
must include advice that the pilot is maneuvering to intercept departure track.
6.4.5 When circumstances dictate that flight notification details be submitted in-flight, the above
items must be combined with the appropriate items of the flight notification, and prefixed with the
words “FLIGHT PLAN”.
6.5 DESCENT FROM CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

6.5.1 Before descending from controlled into Class G airspace and before separation with any
aircraft operating near the base of controlled airspace can be compromised, the pilot in command
of an IFR flight must report position, level, intentions and estimate for next position/destination to
the ATS unit providing services in Class G airspace. If the report is made using HF radio, a broad-
cast must be made on the appropriate area VHF frequency.
6.6 ARRIVAL INFORMATION

6.6.1 When approaching a non-towered aerodrome, pilots of all radio equipped aircraft should
broadcast inbound/transiting 10 NM or earlier from the aerodrome, commensurate with aircraft
performance and pilot workload with an ETA for the aerodrome (unless otherwise specified in Air-
port Directory).
NOTE: At non-towered aerodromes pilots should monitor and make a broadcast whenever it is
reasonably necessary to do so to avoid a collision or risk of a collision with another aircraft on the
CTAF during all operations in the vicinity of the aerodrome (CAR 166C).
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6.6.2 A pilot of an IFR flight must report when changing to the CTAF when the ATS frequency
will not, or cannot, be monitored. This report must include the aerodrome location and frequency.
6.6.3 Pilots of IFR flights conducting local training, an instrument approach or a holding pattern,
may extend their SAR watch by an “OPERATIONS NORMAL” call at scheduled times.
6.7 LANDING MANEUVERS

6.7.1 Prior to entering the circuit at a non-towered aerodrome, aircraft should avoid the flow of
traffic until established in the circuit. The “standard aerodrome traffic circuit” facilitates the orderly
flow of traffic and is normally a left circuit pattern with all turns to the left (CAR166A). Landings
should be accomplished on the operational runway most closely aligned into wind (the active
runway). Wind and landing direction indicators can be checked while at an altitude of +500FT
above the circuit height.
NOTE: If jet, turbo prop, or high performance piston aircraft operate at the aerodrome, 2000 ft
AGL is a safer height to remain clear of all circuit traffic.
6.7.2 An aircraft approaching a non-towered aerodrome for a landing should join the circuit in
accordance with Circuit Entry, Recommended Circuit Join unless it is:
a. following an instrument approach procedure in IMC; or
b. conducting a visual circling procedure in IMC after completion of an instrument approach
procedure; or
c. conducting a straight-in approach in accordance with Straight-in Approach, Aerodrome traffic
circuit.
6.7.3 The runway to be used for landing should be:
a. the most closely aligned into-wind runway; or
b. when operational reasons justify, any other available landing direction provided that the nom-
inated circuit is executed without conflict to landing or take-off traffic using the most into-wind
runway; and
c. serviceable, and cleared of ground maintenance equipment and personnel.
6.7.4 Aircraft approaching a non-towered aerodrome for landing must make all turns to the left
except:
a. where right hand circuits are specified for the aerodrome; or
b. when entering the upwind, crosswind or downwind leg; or
c. when following an instrument approach procedure in IMC; or
d. when conducting a visual circling procedure in IMC after completion of an instrument
approach procedure.
6.7.5 Circuit Entry
6.7.5.1 Where a pilot is unfamiliar with the aerodrome layout, or when its serviceability, wind
direction, wind speed, or circuit direction cannot be ascertained prior to arrival, the overfly proce-
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dure should be used. The pilot should overfly or circle the aircraft at least 500 FT above the circuit
altitude, usually 2,000 FT or more above the aerodrome elevation. When the circuit direction has
been determined, the pilot should position the aircraft to a point well clear (normally the non-active
side of the circuit) before descending to the circuit altitude that equates to the aircraft’s perform-
ance. Pilots should not descend into the traffic circuit from directly above the aerodrome. Refer
CAAP 166–1(0).
6.7.5.2 For low performance ultralight aircraft and rotorcraft with a maximum speed of approxi-
mately 55 KT, it is recommended that the aircraft overfly midfield at 500 FT above aerodrome ele-
vation. This will minimise the risk of conflict with higher or faster traffic.
NOTE: Ultralight aircraft pilots who choose to use the overfly join procedure above the circuit alti-
tude should be aware:
a. Faster larger aircraft may not be able to see you easily.
b. Faster larger aircraft can create significant wake turbulence.
c. Faster larger aircraft will not be able to slow to the speeds of an ultralight aircraft and follow.
d. Faster larger aircraft – prior to arriving in the circuit and when below 10,000FT – can be at
speeds up to 250KT. Therefore, although aircraft should be at 200KT maximum in the circuit,
an aircraft reporting at 20NM from the aerodrome could be in the vicinity of the circuit within
5 minutes.
6.7.5.3 For aircraft arriving and intending to join the circuit from overhead, the aircraft should
descend on the non-active side of the circuit and be established at its circuit altitude as it crosses
the runway centerline on crosswind, at between midfield and the departure end of the runway.
6.7.5.4 When arriving on the live side, the recommended method is to arrive at the circuit alti-
tude entering midfield at approximately 45 degrees to the downwind leg while giving way to the
aircraft already established in the circuit.
6.7.5.5 On downwind the applicable circuit altitude should be maintained until commencement
of the base leg turn. The base leg position is normally when the aircraft is approximately 45
degrees from the reciprocal of the final approach path, measured from the runway threshold.
Along the base leg continue to lookout and maintain traffic separation.
6.7.5.6 When on the final leg, confirm the runway is clear for landing. The turn onto final
approach should be completed by a distance and height that is common to the operations at the
particular aerodrome and commensurate with the speed flown in the circuit for the aircraft type. In
any case, the turn onto final should be completed by not less than 500FT above aerodrome ele-
vation. This should allow sufficient time for pilots to ensure the runway is clear for landing. It will
also allow for the majority of aircraft to be stabilized for the approach and landing.
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6.7.6 Straight-In Approach

6.7.6.1 Straight-in approaches, while not prohibited, are not a recommended standard proce-
dure. CAR 166B does not preclude pilots from conducting straight-in approaches provided certain
conditions are met. Pilots who choose to adopt a straight-in approach should only do so when it
does not disrupt or conflict with the flow of circuit traffic. CAR 166B (2) (b) requires the pilot when
conducting a straight-in approach, to give way to any other aircraft established and flying in the
circuit pattern at the aerodrome.
6.7.6.2 CAR 166B (2) requires pilots, before conducting a straight-in approach, to determine the
wind direction and speed and the runway in use at the aerodrome.
6.7.6.3 There are several ways to determine the wind direction, speed and runway in use:
a. AWS, AWIS, AAIS, CA/GRS or UNICOM,
b. Radio contact with a ground-based radio communication service, company agent, approved
observer (CAR120), or aircraft operating at the aerodrome; or
c. Visual indications – if the information cannot be determined by the above means.
6.7.6.4 When conducting a straight-in approach, the aircraft must be established on final at not
less than 3NM from the landing runway’s threshold (CAR 166B (2)(c)).
6.7.6.5 A pilot should include the intention to conduct a straight-in approach with the inbound
broadcast. Further broadcasts of intention on the CTAF by 3NM from the runway threshold should
be made.
6.7.6.6 Pilots of aircraft conducting a straight-in approach at a non-towered aerodrome should
observe the following procedures:
a. The pilot in command should not commence a straight-in approach to a runway when the
reciprocal runway direction is being used by aircraft already established in the circuit.
b. All manoeuvring to establish the aircraft on final approach must be conducted outside a 3NM
radius from the intended landing runway threshold.
NOTE: Within 3NM, pilots are expected to make only minor corrections to line up accurately
on final approach. This will enable pilots conforming to the aerodrome traffic pattern to opti-
mize their visual scan for traffic along the final approach path.
c. The aircraft’s transponder should be squawking and its external lights, where fitted, should
be illuminated when on final approach. They should remain on until the aircraft has landed
and is clear of all runways.
d. An aircraft established on base leg or final approach for any runway has priority over an air-
craft carrying out a straight-in approach.
6.7.7 Joining on Base
6.7.7.1 Joining on base leg, while not prohibited, is not a recommended standard procedure.
CASA recommends pilots join the circuit on either the crosswind or downwind leg. However, pilots
who choose to join on base leg should only do so if they:
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a. have determined the wind direction and speed;

b. have determined the runway in use;
c. give way to other circuit traffic and ensure the aircraft can safely (no traffic conflict likely) join
the base leg applicable to the circuit direction in use at the standard height; and
d. broadcast their intentions.
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Aerodrome Traffic Circuit

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6.7.8 Military Initial and Pitch Circuit Procedure

6.7.8.1 For Military fast jet and training aircraft the preferred method of joining the circuit is via a
procedure known as Initial and Pitch. The aircraft (or formation) will track to the Initial Point, a
point at 5 NM downwind of the runway in use displaced to the dead side, and track inbound at
high speeds (see diagram below – not to scale).
6.7.8.2 Traffic permitting, Initial and Pitch procedures may be conducted at military, joint user,
controlled and non towered aerodromes. At controlled aerodromes military pilots must comply
with ATC circuit entry instructions unless approved for an Initial and Pitch entry.
6.7.8.3 When conducting this procedure, the height for fast jets is normally 1500 ft AGL and
1000 ft AGL for other aircraft. Aircraft on tactical missions can conduct the initial and pitch at
below normal altitudes; this is referred to as a low Initial and Pitch.
6.7.8.4 At any stage once abeam the threshold of the runway in use, and safe to do so, the air-
craft turns ("Pitches") to join downwind and configures for landing.
6.7.8.5 Generally pilots conducting this manoeuvre will broadcast their position at the Initial
Point and on the base turn.
Military Initial and Pitch
4. Second aircraft in formation pitches out and

1. First call on run-in to Initial Point.
positions Downwind behind first aircraft.
2. Commence Initial. 5. Subsequent aircraft in formation pitch out
and positions Downwind behind second air-
craft.
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3. First aircraft in formation pitches out and po- 6. First aircraft calls turning on Base leg for the
sitions Downwind. entire formation. Clearances or instructions ap-
ply to entire formation. Subsequent aircraft in
formation will make independent base calls.
NOTE: Aircraft conducting a low pitch will be at the low pitch altitude by position 3.
6.7.9 Transiting Flights

6.7.9.1 When transiting in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome, pilots should monitor the
designated CTAF. Pilots should respond to other traffic broadcasts and advise their position and
intention so as to avoid traffic conflict.
6.7.9.2 Pilots should avoid flying over the aerodrome at an altitude that could conflict with opera-
tions in the vicinity of the aerodrome.
6.8 SEPARATION MINIMA FOR LANDING

6.8.1 An aircraft must not continue its approach to land beyond the threshold of the runway until:
a. a preceding departing aircraft using the same runway is airborne and:
1. has commenced a turn; or
2. is beyond the point on the runway at which the landing aircraft could be expected to
complete its landing roll and there is sufficient distance to maneuver safely in the event
of a missed approach;
b. a preceding landing aircraft using the same runway has vacated it and is taxiing away from
the runway;
c. a preceding aircraft using another runway, has crossed or stopped short of the landing air-
craft’s runway.
6.8.2 At aerodromes where gliders operate to a common circuit pattern from a parallel strip out-
side the runway strip, the above separation minima shall apply to aircraft landing or taking off on
both runways as if they were a single runway, but aircraft taxiing or stationary on one runway
must not affect operations on the other. Where gliders and glider tugs operate to a contra-circuit,
simultaneous operations are permitted.
NOTE: Pilots are reminded of their obligations to see and avoid other aircraft. (CAR 163A)
6.9 THE TRAFFIC MIX AND OTHER HAZARDS AT NON–TOWERED

AERODROMES
6.9.1 At non-towered aerodromes, there may be regular public transport and passenger charter,
gliders, parachutists, helicopters, gyroplanes, ultralights, balloons, general aviation aircraft, and
agricultural aircraft operations.
6.9.2 Pilots should consult CAAP 166–1(0): “Operations in the vicinity of non-towered (non-con-
trolled) aerodromes”, (in conjunction with this document) for detailed operating procedures when
operating in the vicinity of non-towered aerodromes.
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6.9.3 In addition pilots should consult CAAP 166–2(0): “Pilots' responsibility for collision avoid-
ance in the vicinity of non-towered aerodromes (non-controlled aerodromes) using see and
avoid”.
6.9.4 The CAAPs mentioned above provide guidance on a code of conduct (good airmanship)
which, when followed will provide improved situational awareness and safety for all pilots when
flying at, or in the vicinity of, non-towered aerodromes.
6.10 TAXIING AFTER LANDING

6.10.1 After landing, the runway strip should be vacated as soon as practicable. Aircraft should
not stop until clear of the runway strip.
6.11 SARTIME AND SARWATCH

6.11.1 Cancellation of SARWATCH other than SARTIME
6.11.1.1 Pilots wishing to cancel SARWATCH may do so by reporting to ATS.
6.11.1.2 When cancelling SARWATCH, pilots must include:
a. the aircraft radio call sign;
b. place of arrival or point from which SARWATCH services are no longer required;
c. the words “CANCEL SARWATCH”; and
d. when communicating with a unit other than that nominated, the name of the ATS unit to
which the report shall be relayed.
6.11.1.3 SARWATCH may be cancelled in combination with a pilot report of changing to the
CTAF, or in the circuit area, or after landing.
6.11.1.4 When the pilot of an IFR flight elects not to report in the circuit area to cancel SAR-
WATCH and has not reported within 10 minutes of ETA, ATS will commence communications
checks to obtain a landing report or an extension of SARWATCH.
6.11.1.5 ATS will acknowledge “CANCEL SARWATCH” reports with a read-back of the place of
arrival, if appropriate, and the words “SARWATCH TERMINATED”.
6.11.2 Cancellation of SARTIME
6.11.2.1 When operating on a SARTIME, the pilot must cancel SARTIME by the time nominated
and, during the contact with ATS, include the words “CANCEL SARTIME”.
6.11.2.2 ATS will acknowledge “CANCEL SARTIME” reports with a readback of the place of
arrival, if appropriate, and the words “SARTIME CANCELLED”.
6.11.2.3 The preferred method to cancel a SARTIME is via telephone to CENSAR on 1800 814
931. When telephone facilities are not available you may use ATS frequencies.
6.11.2.4 For SARTIME flights, pilots of single VHF radio-equipped aircraft must cancel SAR-
TIME before changing to the CTAF, or after landing.
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6.11.3 SARTIME for Departure

6.11.3.1 When submitting flight notification, a pilot may nominate a SARTIME for departure for
the initial departure aerodrome only. For intermediate departure, it may be nominated by tele-
phone after landing, or as part of the arrival report associated with that aerodrome. Only one
SARTIME may be current at any time.
6.11.3.2 The nomination of a SARTIME for departure does not absolve the pilot from complying
with the requirements for the carriage of serviceable radio equipment, nor from making the pre-
scribed reports.
6.11.3.3 Pilots of other than IFR RPT flights, wishing to extend the SAR watch for the period of
landing and subsequent take-off, may nominate a SARTIME for departure when arriving at an
aerodrome where radio or ground communication cannot reasonably be assured. SAR alerting
action will be initiated if a taxiing or departure report is not received by the nominated SARTIME.
6.11.3.4 An IFR departure report is not sufficient to cancel a SARTIME for Departure. Pilots who
have nominated a SARTIME for Departure must use the phrase “CANCEL SARTIME” with the
departure report.
6.12 RADIO TELEPHONY REQUIREMENTS OUTSIDE CONTROLLED

AIRSPACE
6.12.1 The call sign of the station or service being called must be included at the beginning of
each exchange on VHF or HF.
NOTE: When a report from an IFR flight is made to ATS via HF, a broadcast on the appropriate
CTAF or area VHF is also required.
6.12.2 All transmissions between aircraft, or when broadcasting intentions, must be prefixed
with the aircraft call sign.
6.12.3 When requesting operational information on FIS frequencies, the pilot must use the serv-
ice call sign “FLIGHTWATCH”.
6.12.4 Use of the collective “All Stations” must precede a general information broadcast.
7 LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS (LAHSO)

7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.1.1 Notwithstanding the provisions of Separation Minima for Landing, operations by an aircraft
landing on one runway and another aircraft either taking off or landing simultaneously on a cross-
ing runway may be permitted subject to the provisions of this section.
7.2 LOCATIONS WHERE LAHSO USED

7.2.1 LAHSO can be implemented at aerodromes controlled by ATC that have suitable runway
configurations, together with taxi markings, signs, runway markings and lights in accordance with
the standards in Airports and Ground Aids.
7.2.2 LAHSO aerodromes are indicated on Airport charts and in the Airport Directory by the
inclusion of the words “LDA FOR LAHSO”.
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7.3 A DEPENDENT PROCEDURE

7.3.1 LAHSO are to be considered dependent procedures, with participating aircraft classified
as either:
a. active – when an aircraft is issued a hold short requirement and is alerted about traffic on a
crossing runway; or
b. passive – when an aircraft has unrestricted use of the full runway length and is alerted about
traffic on a crossing runway.
7.4 PARTICIPATION
7.4.1 Active participation in LAHSO is available to pilots in each of the following categories:
a. pilots of Australian registered aircraft of performance category A, B or C (or other categories
specifically approved by CASA Airline Operations Branch) engaged in operations conducted
under a training and checking organization authorized under CAR 217, subject to the opera-
tor providing Operations Manual information and certifying participating pilots for LAHSO;
b. pilots of Australian registered aircraft of performance category A, B or C where the pilot has
had his/her log book endorsed for LAHSO by an appropriate person (refer CAO 40.0.4.4 a,
b, c & d) to conduct LAHSO training;
c. pilots of Australian military aircraft in performance categories A, B or C, and;
d. pilots of foreign military aircraft in performance categories A, B or C subject to a Letter of
Agreement between the relevant military authority and the ATS provider.
7.4.2 Passive participation in LAHSO is available to pilots in each of the following categories:
a. pilots of Australian civil and military aircraft categories A, B and C at pilot discretion;
b. pilots of other civil aircraft, including foreign operators, as approved by CASA;
c. pilots of RAAF Hawk, F111, FA18 and other Australian military aircraft as approved by
Defence;
d. pilots of foreign military aircraft approved by Defence, operating at Defence aerodromes,
subject to a Letter of Agreement; and
e. pilots of foreign military aircraft subject to a Letter of Agreement between the relevant military
authority and the civil ATS provider.
(The Letter of Agreement will exclude foreign military aircraft of performance category D operating
at civil aerodromes).
7.4.3 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 7.4.1a. and 7.4.2a. above, pilots of foreign
registered civil aircraft and of Australian registered aircraft operating under foreign air carriers’
flight numbers are precluded from participation in either active or passive mode regardless of per-
formance category.
7.4.4 A pilot must not accept a requirement to “HOLD SHORT” unless he or she is qualified, has
situational awareness, and has determined that the LDA is adequate for the prevailing conditions
and the status of the aircraft. The aeroplane manufacturer's demonstrated landing distance must
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be multiplied by at least a factor of 1.67 for dry conditions and 1.92 for wet or downwind condi-
tions.
7.4.5 Operators of aircraft in any category may elect not to allow their pilots to participate in
LAHSO. In these cases, ATS should be advised in writing, specifying the company's withdrawal
from active, passive or both modes of participation.
7.5 CONDITIONS FOR LAHSO

7.5.1 LAHSO may be conducted subject to the following conditions:
a. A simultaneous take-off and landing is permitted by day only.
b. Simultaneous landings are permitted by day and night.
c. The ceiling is not less than 1000 ft and visibility is not less than 5000m.
d. Advice to the departing aircraft may be given separately from the take-off clearance.
e. Instructions are issued to prevent a landing aircraft from crossing the Hold-Short Line when
the intersecting runway is being used by another aircraft.
f. The distance from the landing threshold to the Hold-Short Line of the intersecting runway is
adequate for the performance category of the aircraft being held short.
g. The Airport chart and Airport Directory show LAHSO Distance or LDA information. Pilots
must establish actual LDR by multiplying the aircraft manufacturer's landing distance
required (the demonstrated landing distance) by 1.67 for dry conditions, or by 1.92 for wet or
downwind conditions.
h. When the runway conditions are damp or wet, the braking characteristics must be assessed
as GOOD by the captain of an aircraft in the same performance category prior to the landing
aircraft being instructed to hold short.
i. The landing aircraft will not be instructed to hold short when low level wind shear of intensity
greater than light is reported.
j. After landing, the pilot must inform ATC immediately of any difficulty in complying with the
ATC requirement to hold short of a crossing runway strip.
7.6 PILOT ADVICE OF LAHSO APPROVAL

7.6.1 ATC will not intentionally issue, and a pilot must not accept, a clearance for a hold-short
landing unless the pilot is LAHSO approved. Pilots who, at the time, expect and elect to partici-
pate actively in LAHSO must obtain the ATIS broadcast as early as possible and if within 200 NM
of destination, and if LAHSO is in progress, immediately confirm ability to participate by advising
“LAHSO APPROVED” to the ATS unit currently providing services; e.g.,
“ADELAIDE APPROACH, (call sign) DESCENDING TO FIVE THOUSAND, RECEIVED DELTA,
LAHSO APPROVED.”
7.6.2 Pilots of civil aircraft operating under a flight number as advised in flight notification, and
pilots of Australian military aircraft, may omit the words “LAHSO APPROVED”. ATC may
sequence these aircraft for LAHSO unless the pilot expressly states an intention not to participate.
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Aircraft of operators who have advised in writing an intention not to participate will not be inten-
tionally sequenced for LAHSO.
7.7 ATIS BROADCAST

7.7.1 Pilots will be alerted that LAHSO are in progress by a statement on the ATIS; For exam-
ple: “DARWIN TERMINAL INFORMATION BRAVO, RUNWAYS 29 AND 36, LAND AND HOLD
SHORT OPERATIONS IN PROGRESS, (wind, temp, etc.)”
NOTE: The acronym LAHSO may be used at ATC discretion.
7.8 DIRECTED TRAFFIC INFORMATION

7.8.1 ATC is required to issue directed traffic information to both aircraft participating in LAHSO.
EXAMPLE 1: To an aircraft issued a hold short requirement:
“A320 DEPARTING ON CROSSING RUNWAY, HOLD SHORT RUNWAY (number). CLEARED
TO LAND RUNWAY (number).”
EXAMPLE 2: To an aircraft with unrestricted use of a runway (passive participant):
“737 LANDING ON CROSSING RUNWAY WILL HOLD SHORT. CLEARED TO LAND RUNWAY
(number).”
7.9 READ-BACK REQUIREMENT

7.9.1 In all cases, pilots must read back an ATC issued requirement to hold short.
7.10 LANDING DISTANCE ASSESSMENT

7.10.1 ATC will normally sequence an aircraft for a runway which requires LAHSO only when
the landing distance available for the aircraft is likely to be adequate in accordance with the air-
craft landing criteria held by ATC.
7.10.2 ATC may sequence non-jet category B aircraft below 5700kg MTOW for LAHSO using
category A landing distance required tables, and may sequence an aircraft for LAHSO regardless
of category of aircraft if the controller is aware that the aircraft may be able to land within the LDA
in accordance with applicable criteria. The pilot alone is responsible for ensuring that the LDA is
equal to, or better than, that required for the prevailing circumstances.
7.10.3 Pilots should check the airport entry or ask ATC for landing distance available, and
assess their landing distance requirements based on the landing weight and ambient weather
conditions. The pilot must ensure that aircraft manufacturer’s landing distance figures (the demon-
strated landing distance) are multiplied by 1.67 for dry conditions, or 1.92 for wet or downwind
conditions. In practice, doubling of the manufacturer’s demonstrated minimum runway length
requirements is recommended to cover all contingencies. The maneuver that may be required in
the event of a go-around must also be considered.
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1 OPERATIONS TO / FROM NON-TOWERED AERODROMES

1.1 Pilots of radio equipped VFR aircraft must listen out on the appropriate VHF frequency and
announce if in potential conflict. Pilots intercepting broadcasts from aircraft in their vicinity which
are considered to be in potential conflict with their own aircraft must acknowledge by transmitting
their own call sign and, as appropriate, aircraft type, position, actual level and intentions.
1.2 The pilot-in-command of an IFR flight must notify the intention to amend route, deviate from
track or change level in sufficient time for ATS to advise traffic. When a position estimate changes
by more than two (2) minutes the pilot must advise ATS.
1.3 Pilots must give ATS notice of an impending position report by use of the word “position”;
e.g., “MELBOURNE CENTER (call sign) POSITION”. Pilots must wait for the ATS instruction
before reporting position.
1.4 Pilots must report maintaining an assigned level.
1.5 After any enroute frequency change, a pilot-in-command of an IFR flight must advise
present level. If the aircraft is not at its planned cruising level, the pilot must also provide advice of
the level to which the aircraft is being climbed.
1.6 When operating in Class G airspace in proximity to a controlled aerodrome, pilots should
consider monitoring the TWR frequency to enhance situational awareness of traffic entering and
leaving the CTR.
1.7 A pilot of a flight intending to operate in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome at altitudes
used by arriving and departing aircraft should:
a. monitor the appropriate CTAF, and broadcast by 10 NM or earlier from the aerodrome com-
mensurate with aircraft performance and pilot workload with an ETA (unless otherwise speci-
fied in Airport Directory); and
b. where possible, avoid the circuit area and arrival and departure tracks.
NOTE: At non-towered aerodromes pilots should monitor and make a broadcast on the CTAF
whenever it is reasonably necessary to do so to avoid a collision or risk of a collision with another
aircraft during all operations in the vicinity of the aerodrome (CAR 166C).
2 AIR TRAFFIC CLEARANCES AND INSTRUCTIONS

2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 Except in an emergency, a clearance is required for all flights in Classes A, C, and D air-
space. In Class E airspace, a clearance is required for IFR flights unless operating in accordance
with IFR Pick-up procedure. A clearance is not required for VFR flights in Class E airspace.
NOTE 1: Special requirements apply to Parachute Jumping Operations in Class E airspace –
refer to Parachuting Operations.
NOTE 2: For entry into Class D airspace, establishment of 2-way communications between the
aircraft and ATC constitutes a clearance for the pilot to enter the Class D airspace. See Clear-
ance to Enter Class D Airspace.
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2.1.2 Where the airspace classification and flight rules require, an aircraft must not enter control-
led airspace without a clearance. The pilot is responsible for obtaining a clearance and, once
obtained, must not amend a planned route, deviate from the cleared track, or change level without
obtaining ATC approval. When determining where the clearance request will be made, the pilot
should consider aircraft performance, the possibility of frequency congestion if the airspace is
known to be busy, the possibility of changes to route and/or level, and the possible delays that
might be incurred when clearances have to be coordinated with adjacent ATC sectors.
2.1.3 When clearance has been issued to deviate from the cleared route, the pilot must advise
ATC when the weather deviation is no longer required, or when the weather deviation has been
completed and the aircraft has returned to its cleared route. Further deviations from route will
require a new clearance.
2.1.4 All flights operating in Classes E and G airspace requesting a clearance to operate in
Classes A, C, D, or E airspace must advise position, level and tracking details when making first
contact with ATC.
2.1.5 Within VHF radio coverage, pilots must maintain continuous communications with ATC
when operating in Classes A, C and D airspace, as must pilots of IFR flights in Class E airspace.
Further, when in Class E airspace, pilots of VFR flights should monitor the ATS frequency appro-
priate to the area of operation.
2.1.6 When communication facilities permit, clearances will be passed direct to pilots by ATC.
2.1.7 The clearance authorizes flight in the specified manner to the first point at which the flight
leaves controlled airspace, or, if completely in controlled airspace, to the first landing point.
2.1.8 An air traffic clearance proposed by ATC does not relieve the pilot from complying with
statutory requirements nor from the responsibility for the ultimate safety of the aircraft.
2.1.9 If considered necessary, a pilot should request a different clearance from that issued. In
an emergency, a pilot may act without a clearance and immediately advise ATC.
2.1.10 A pilot must advise ATC immediately if issued a clearance which requires the use of navi-
gation aids not available to the aircraft, or the pilot is not qualified to use.
2.1.11 ATC is responsible for issuing clearances that will enable an aircraft to remain within con-
trolled airspace if the pilot has planned to do so. If a pilot is in doubt that the clearance will keep
the aircraft in controlled airspace, ATC should be advised and an alternative clearance may be
requested.
For operations within Class A, C, D or E airspace, maintaining 500 ft above the lower limit of the
CTA steps will provide a vertical buffer with aircraft operating in the adjoining airspace.
2.1.13 A control instruction issued after a clearance is obtained amends the appropriate item in
the clearance. When there is any change in the clearance limit and/or route specified in the initial
clearance, a completely new clearance will be issued.
2.1.14 Whenever a restriction or requirement has been imposed and, subsequently, a further
restriction/requirement is imposed, the subsequent instruction will cancel all previous restrictions/
requirements unless:
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a. all restrictions / requirements are restated; or

b. the subsequent instruction is prefixed “FURTHER REQUIREMENT”.
2.1.15 At a controlled aerodrome, clearance for operation in an adjoining control area is given
before departure.
2.1.16 If proposing to fly into a control area from an aerodrome located so close to the entry
point that making a full position report before entry is not practicable, a clearance should be
requested:
a. at a convenient time before entering the runway for take-off at an aerodrome where commu-
nication can readily be established before takeoff; or
b. after take-off, if not available or obtainable before take-off, provided that the aircraft does not
enter a control area until cleared.
NOTE: Where the enroute LSALT is in controlled airspace, the clearance request should be made
prior to departure and include an estimated airborne time.
If landing at an aerodrome with the intention of departing for a control area shortly after landing,
any revision of notified details relevant to the clearance, including EOBT, should be advised to
ATC, and a clearance requested before landing.
2.1.18 Clearances provided to pilots may include a “CLEARANCE VOID TIME”. When a void
time is specified, the clearance is valid only if the flight enters controlled airspace in accordance
with the clearance at or before that time.
2.1.19 Pilots should submit details required for flight in controlled airspace at least 30 minutes
before the expected time of entry. Flight details submitted with less than the 30 minutes notifica-
tion will be processed on a “controller workload permitting” basis, and may be subject to delay.
2.1.20 Within a Class D CTR, a clearance to take-off is a clearance to operate within the CTR.
2.2 AIRWAYS CLEARANCES

2.2.1 Other than as specified for pre-departure clearance (PDC) operations, pilots in command
must request an airways clearance:
a. on the clearance delivery frequency, preferably immediately before starting engines, other-
wise as soon as possible thereafter; or
b. where a clearance delivery frequency is not available, before entering the departure runway;
and
c. before entering controlled airspace.
2.2.2 Airways clearances normally contain the following items:
a. aircraft identification;
b. destination, area of operation, position or clearance limit;
c. route of flight;
d. assigned level, except when this element is included in the SID description;
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e. for IFR flights, departure type;

f. SSR code; and
g. frequency requirements.
2.2.3 At night, or by day in IMC, the departure instructions for an IFR flight from an aerodrome
within a CTR will be in the form of a SID. Where these are not published, or where aircraft or
ground based navigation aid(s) are unavailable, tracking instructions will be specified by ATC.
Pilots of aircraft that have included PBN/T1 in Field 18 of the flight notification form should request
an RNP AR departure at clearance delivery unless there is a standing agreement between the
Operator and the ATS provider to automatically assign RNP AR departures for eligible flights.
2.2.5 Should a change of runway occur which affects an airways clearance previously issued,
ATC will issue a new SID, or tracking instructions as appropriate. A new clearance will not neces-
sarily be issued where the same clearance applies to multiple runways.
2.2.6 If an aircraft is cleared only to an intermediate point, and flight beyond that point will be in
controlled airspace, a pilot-in-command must obtain a further clearance before proceeding
beyond the intermediate clearance point.
2.2.7 When an aircraft leaves controlled airspace, a further clearance must be obtained for any
subsequent flight in controlled airspace.
2.3 CONDITIONAL CLEARANCES

ATS may issue a conditional clearance for aircraft or vehicles to enter or cross a runway when the
traffic situation precludes immediate access. Aircraft issued a conditional clearance to enter or
cross a runway must identify the vehicle or aircraft causing the conditional clearance.
2.3.2 A conditional clearance will only be issued when:
a. the controller, the pilot, and/or the vehicle driver can see all aircraft or vehicles concerned;
and
b. the controller can visually monitor this traffic until the condition is no longer applicable; and
c. the aircraft or vehicle causing the condition is the first to pass in front of the other traffic.
2.3.3 Even if the aircraft or vehicle causing the “condition” has passed, an aircraft or vehicle
must still stop and hold at all lighted stop bars and may only proceed further when the lights are
switched off.
2.4 AIRWAYS CLEARANCES – VOLCANIC ASH

2.4.1 For aircraft departing Australia, clearances will not be issued via airways which pass over
active volcanoes during the currency of local volcanic action NOTAM.
2.4.2 Pilots planning to enter Australian airspace during the presence of volcanic ash clouds
should make provision for additional fuel to meet possible diversions around the hazard.
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2.5 PRE-DEPARTURE CLEARANCE (PDC)

2.5.1 PDC delivery via airline host computer is available from selected Australian airports. Use
of PDC is limited to operations authorized by Airservices Australia. Operators wishing to partici-
pate in PDC should submit such a request to Airservices Australia. Participating operators must
not delete any component of the PDC message nor amend the order of the text.
2.5.2 PDC messages contain up to 11 lines of text depending on the length of the route field and
whether or not ATC adds additional remarks or instructions following the transponder code.
EXAMPLE: PDC 060403
AAA 123 B763 YPPH 0430
CLEARED TO VHHH VIA
NAMBU1 DEP: XXX
ROUTE: MRW R592 OLW R592 CEDAR R592
BLI B584 ELANG B584 GORPU T
MAINTAIN: 6000
DEP FREQ: 118.700
SQUAWK 3462
2.5.3 PDCs may be decoded as follows:
EXAMPLE DECODE
PDC 060403 Day and time message was issued
AAA123 B763 YPPH 0430 Aircraft identification, aircraft type, departure airport and EOBT.
CLEARED TO VHHH VIA Destination airport as the clearance limit.
NOTE: ATC will advise on initial contact if the clearance limit is
changed
NAMBU1 DEP: XXX Departure procedure name (SID)
ROUTE: MRW R592 OLW Route currently held by the ATC system.
R592 CEDAR R592 BLI B584 NOTE: The route field contains all flight planned routes and
ELANG B584 GORPU T points from the SID transition fix to the destination. However, if a
route is truncated, the field will end with the ICAO route trunca-
tion indicator – the letter T. The route following the truncation in-
dicator is via planned route.
MAINTAIN: 6000 Initial altitude or flight level restriction.
DEP FREQ: 118.700 Initial control frequency on departure.
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EXAMPLE DECODE
SQUAWK 3462 Assigned transponder code
XXX CTC ACD 133.8 FOR Optional additional instructions or remarks that can be added by
START XXX ATC.
NOTE: XXX before and after a message component may be
used to highlight special remarks.
2.5.4 Currently, PDC does not include the delivery of PDC messages by Controller Pilot Data
Link Communications (CPDLC). Pilots must not log on to any ATC facility until after the PDC is
obtained.
When departing an airport participating in PDC, pilots must ensure that the PDC is obtained
through the appropriate communications path no later than 15 minutes prior to EOBT. This could
be via ACARS or hard copy message. If the PDC is not available by 15 minutes prior to EOBT,
pilots must contact clearance delivery for a verbal airway clearance.
NOTE: ATC will not send amended route clearances via PDC.
2.5.6 Pilots must ensure that:
a. the PDC received is for the correct flight stage;
b. the aircraft identification, aircraft type, departure airport and EOBT specified are correct; and
c. the route matches the route provided by flight dispatch.
NOTE: Pilots must notify ATC if any of the above elements are incorrect.
2.5.7 Air traffic control requires a readback of the SID, (including RWY and/or any transition if
issued), STAR (if issued) and transponder code, as shown on a PDC. In addition, readback any
other requirements contained in the PDC message and state current parking position/bay. The
PDC readback must be made on ACD frequency or on SMC frequency if ACD is not established,
prior to a pushback or taxi request.
Example:
Pilot: (location) DELIVERY, QANTAS ONE PDC READBACK
ATC: QANTAS ONE, (location) DELIVERY.
Pilot: QANTAS ONE, RWY 34L RICHMOND TWO DEPARTURE, RICHMOND
TRANSITION, SQUAWK 3214, BAY 31.
ATC: QANTAS ONE.
2.5.8 In the case where there has been a late aircraft change and a pilot receives a PDC that
was originally intended for another aircraft, then pilots must indicate the change of aircraft on ini-
tial contact with ATC.
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3 CRUISING
3.1 ENROUTE
3.1.1 All levels flown in Classes A, C and D airspace, and IFR levels flown in Class E airspace,
must be assigned by ATC. Levels flown by VFR aircraft or IFR flights maintaining VFR-on-top in
Class E airspace must be in accordance with the VFR Table of Cruising Levels.
3.2 TABLES OF CRUISING LEVELS

North of 80 Degrees South
IFR Cruising Levels
Magnetic Tracks From 000° through East to 179° From 180° through West to 359°
Cruising Altitudes 3000 7000 2000 6000 10,000
(Area QNH) 5000 9000 4000 8000
110* 230 350 120** 240 360
130 250 370 140 260 380
Cruising Flight Lev-
150 270 390 160 280 400
els
170 290 410 180 300 430
(1013 hPa)
190 310 450 200 320 470
210 330 490 220 340 510
NOTE: *FL110 is not available for level flight when the Area QNH is less than 1013 hPa.
**FL120 is not available for level flight when the Area QNH is less than 980 hPa.
VFR Cruising Levels

Cruising Altitudes 1500 5500 9500 2500 6500
(Area QNH) 3500 7500 4500 8500
Cruising Flight Lev- 115* 175 235 125** 185 245
els 135 195 145 205
(1013 hPa) 155 215 165 225
NOTE 1: Pilots should be aware that VFR aircraft outside controlled airspace may be operating at
random levels below 5000 ft (See Selection of Levels, VFR paragraph).
NOTE 2: Gliders and balloons operating in controlled airspace will be assigned block levels.
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South of 80 Degrees South

IFR Cruising Levels
Cruising Altitudes 3000 7000 2000 6000 10,000
(Area QNH) 5000 9000 4000 8000
110* 210 330 120** 220 350
Cruising Flight Lev- 130 230 370 140 240 390
els 150 250 410 160 260 430
(1013 hPa) 170 270 etc. 180 280 etc.
190 290 200 310
VFR Cruising Levels

Cruising Altitudes 1500 5500 9500 2500 6500
(Area QNH) 3500 7500 4500 8500
115* 215 340 125** 225 360
135 235 380 145 245 400
Cruising Flight Levels
155 255 420 165 265 440
(1013 hPa)
175 275 460 185 285 480
195 300 205 320
3.3 SELECTION OF LEVELS

3.3.1 Flights must be planned in accordance with levels selected from the Tables of Cruising
Levels. Any part of a flight that will take place south of 80° South must be planned in accordance
with levels selected from the tables.
3.3.2 Within controlled airspace, ATC may assign and pilots may request a level that does not
accord with the Tables of Cruising Levels.
3.3.2.1 Pilots must only request a level not conforming to the table of cruising levels when it is
determined by the pilot in command to be essential to the safety of the flight and its occupants. In
such circumstances, the phrase “DUE OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENT” must be included with
the level change request.
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3.3.3 ATC will only assign cruising levels not conforming to these tables when traffic or other
operational circumstances require.
3.3.4 Subject to ATC instructions, a VFR flight must be flown at a cruising level appropriate to its
magnetic track according to Tables of Cruising Levels:
a. whenever the flight is conducted at a height of 5000 ft AMSL or more; or
b. if the flight is conducted at a height of 5000 ft AMSL whenever practicable (CAR 173).
3.3.5 An IFR flight must be flown:
a. within controlled airspace at a cruising level authorized for the flight by the ATC; or
b. outside controlled airspace at a cruising level appropriate to its magnetic track according to
Tables of Cruising Levels (CAR 180).
3.3.6 When an IFR flight operating outside controlled airspace is unable to comply with the
Tables of Cruising Levels, the pilot must:
a. notify the appropriate ATS unit of the intended change in operating level, and any subse-
quent changes; and
b. in the event of conflict with another aircraft complying with the Tables of Cruising Levels,
give way to that aircraft or assume a cruising level in accordance with the Tables of Cruising
Levels until the aircraft with which it is in conflict is past and clear. (CAR 181)
NOTE: At pilot request, ATC may assign to aircraft a level for cruise within a control area
which does not provide the prescribed separation from the lower or upper limit of the control
area.
3.4 BLOCK LEVELS

3.4.1 On request from the pilot, a flight may be cleared to operate within controlled airspace
within a Block Level provided that other aircraft are not denied the use of that airspace contained
within that block.
3.4.2 Civil IFR flights will not be allocated block levels in Class E airspace.
3.4.3 A glider or balloon cleared to operate in controlled airspace will be assigned block levels.
3.4.4 The pilot shall have complete freedom to change levels within the block, provided that the
upper and lower limits are not exceeded. However, a clearance to operate within a Block Level
shall be cancelled or amended if another aircraft requests the use of a level within the block.
3.4.5 When cancelling or amending a Block Level clearance, the aircraft operating in a Block
Level shall be instructed to climb or descend to an appropriate level or block level in order to pro-
vide vertical separation from the other aircraft requesting one of the levels.
3.4.6 Aircraft at standard flight levels will be afforded priority over aircraft using non-standard
flight levels.
3.4.7 Mach number technique separation will not be applied to aircraft using block level clearan-
ces.
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3.4.8 Aircraft operating within a block level must report the upper and lower block levels in all
positions and frequency change reports.
NOTE: As most altitude alerting systems do not provide protection for both upper and lower
assigned levels, flight crews are reminded to be vigilant in monitoring the aircraft altitude when
operating within a Block Level.
3.5 CHANGE OF LEVELS

3.5.1 ATC Approval Required
3.5.1.1 The pilot-in-command must commence a change of level as soon as possible, but not
later than one (1) minute after receiving that instruction from ATC, unless that instruction specifies
a later time or place.
3.5.1.2 ATC may require that an assigned level must be reached by a specific time, distance or
place. If a pilot-in-command doubts that the requirement can be met, ATC must be advised imme-
diately.
3.5.1.3 ATS advised expectation of a level requirement does not authorize a pilot to climb or
descend to meet that requirement.
3.5.1.4 An expectation of a level requirement is not required to be read back.
3.5.1.5 A requirement to report at a time or place given in the same clearance as a descent/
climb instruction does not require the new level to be reached by the specified time or place.
3.5.1.6 The pilot-in-command of an aircraft, receiving an instruction from ATC to change level,
must report:
a. when the aircraft has left a level at which level flight has been conducted in the course of
climb, cruise or descent; and
b. when the aircraft leaves a level for which ATC has requested a report.
3.5.1.7 ATC may provide vertical separation between two climbing aircraft, not otherwise sepa-
rated, by means of a step climb. Pilots-in-command subject to a step climb, must adopt the follow-
ing procedure:
a. the pilot-in-command of the lower aircraft shall report approaching each assigned level in the
sequence;
b. the pilot-in-command of the higher aircraft, on hearing the lower aircraft report approaching
each assigned level, shall report the last vacated level.
3.5.1.8 Step descents reverse the above procedure.
3.5.1.9 ATC may specify a rate of climb or descent:
a. The phrase “STANDARD RATE”, when included in a clearance, specifies a rate of climb or
descent of not less than 500 ft per minute, except that the last 1000 ft to an assigned level
shall be made at 500 ft per minute;
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b. In the case of a step climb or descent, the specified rate will be applicable to all level clear-
ances issued in the course of the step climb or descent. If unable to comply with the prescri-
bed rate, the pilot-in-command must advise ATC.
3.5.1.10 Cruise Climb is not used in Australian administered airspace. Where possible, block
level clearances will be issued upon request.
3.5.2 ATC Approval Not Required
3.5.2.1 In airspace where ATC approval is not required to change level, the pilot of an IFR flight
must report present position and intention to ATC approximately one (1) minute prior to making
any change.
3.6 LOWEST SAFE ALTITUDE (LSALT)

3.6.1 Lowest safe altitudes for IFR flights are published on charts, by NOTAM or AIP Supple-
ment. On Jeppesen charts, LSALT is charted as a Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude
[MOCA (T)].
3.6.2 Grid LSALTs have been determined for Enroute and Area charts. On Jeppesen Enroute
High and Low charts, as well as on Area charts, Grid LSALTs are charted as Grid MORAs (Mini-
mum Off-Route Altitudes). The Grid MORA is a “square” of the following dimensions based upon
the type of chart:
– Enroute High charts — four degrees of latitude by four degrees of longitude;
– Enroute Low charts — either two degrees of latitude by two degrees of longitude, or one
degree of latitude by one degree of longitude, depending on the scale of the chart; and
– Area charts — one degree of latitude by one degree of longitude.
The Grid MORA is normally displayed in the center of the grid “square”.
3.6.3 A pilot using Grid LSALT or Grid MORA for obstacle clearance is responsible for determin-
ing the allowance for navigation error that should be applied, considering the limitations of the
navigation aids or method of navigation being used for position fixing. This navigation error allow-
ance must be applied to the proposed track. The highest Grid MORA falling within the area cov-
ered by the determined navigation error must be used.
3.6.4 For routes and route segments not charted, the lowest safe altitude must not be less than
that calculated in accordance with paragraph 3.6.5 within an area defined in the following para-
graphs 3.6.6, 3.6.7, and 3.6.8.
3.6.5 The LSALT must be calculated using the following method:
a. where the highest obstacle is more than 360 ft above the height determined for terrain, the
LSALT must be 1000 ft above the highest obstacle; or
b. where the highest charted obstacle is less than 360 ft above the terrain, or there is no char-
ted obstacle, the LSALT must be 1360 ft above the elevation determined for terrain; except
that
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c. where the elevation of the highest terrain or obstacle in the tolerance area is not above 500
ft, the LSALT must not be less than 1500 ft.
3.6.6 An aircraft must not be flown under the IFR lower than the published lowest safe altitude
or the lowest safe altitude calculated in accordance with this section, except when being assigned
levels in accordance with ATS surveillance service terrain clearance procedures or when being
flown in accordance with a published DME arrival, instrument approach or holding procedure, or
except when necessary during climb after departure from an aerodrome, or except during VMC by
day (CAR 178 refers).
3.6.7 If the navigation of the aircraft is inaccurate, or the aircraft is deliberately flown off track, or
where there is a failure of any radio navigation aid normally available, the area to be considered is
a circle centered on the DR position, with a radius of 5 NM plus 20% of the air distance flown from
the last positive fix.
3.6.8 For Routes Defined by Radio Navigation Aids or to be Navigated by DR: The area to
be considered must be within an area of 5 NM surrounding and including an area defined by lines
drawn from the departure point or enroute radio aid, 10.3° each side of the nominal track (where
track guidance is provided by a radio navigation aid), or 15° each side of the nominal track (where
no track guidance is provided) to a limit of 50 NM each side of track, thence paralleling track to
abeam the destination and then converging by a semi-circle of 50 NM radius centered on the des-
tination. On shorter routes, where these lines are displaced by less than 50 NM abeam the desti-
nation, they shall converge by a radius based on that lesser distance. Where the lines thus drawn
come at any time within the coverage of an enroute or destination radio aid the aircraft is equip-
ped to use, they will converge by straight lines to that aid. The minimum angle of convergence
which shall be used in this case is 10.3° each side of track.
For Operations with Area Navigation Systems (including GNSS): The area to be considered
must be within an area of 5 NM surrounding and including an area defined by lines drawn from
the departure point not less than 10.3° each side of the nominal track to a maximum of 30 NM for
non-GNSS area navigation systems and 7 NM for GNSS, thence paralleling track abeam the des-
tination and converging by a semicircle of 30 NM (non-GNSS) or 7 NM (GNSS) centered on the
destination.
3.6.10 For Aircraft Flown at Night Under the VFR: The area to be considered must be:
a. the area specified in paragraph 3.6.8 or 3.6.9 for aircraft navigated by means of a radio navi-
gation system; or
b. within a radius of 10 NM from any point along the aircraft’s nominal track.
However, the pilot of an aircraft who has positively determined by visual fix that a critical obstacle
has been passed may nevertheless descend immediately to a lower altitude, provided that the
required obstacle clearance above significant obstructions ahead of the aircraft is maintained.
3.6.11 An aircraft must not be flown at night under the VFR, lower than the published lowest
safe altitude or the lowest safe altitude calculated in accordance with this section except:
a. during take-off and climb in the vicinity of the departure aerodrome;
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b. when the destination aerodrome is in sight and descent can be made within the prescribed
circling area of 3 NM radius of the destination; or
c. when being vectored.
3.6.12 Night Vision Goggles and Obstacle Lighting
3.6.12.1 Some LED lighting systems, clearly visible to the naked eye, fall outside the combined
visible and near--infrared spectrum of night--vision goggles. This means that those obstacles will
not be visible to aircrew operating on NVG.
3.6.12.2 Current aircraft standards allows the “Aviation Red” light wavelength to range from
about 610–700 NM. NVGs approved for operations in Australia are Class B, which are only sensi-
tive to energy in the wavelengths ranging from 665 to 930 NM.
3.6.12.3 As the current number and distribution of LED lighting systems is unknown and will
increase in the future, aircrew using NVGs are warned to use extra caution when flight planning
into unknown areas as well as operating near obstacle areas.
4 AIR ROUTE SPECIFICATIONS

4.1 When proposing to operate under the IFR on any route segments, or proposing flight in con-
trolled airspace, the pilot in command must plan and conduct a flight in accordance with the:
a. route specifications published in Aeronautical Charts including the relevant en route chart;
and
b. applicable flight planning requirements; and
c. published accessibility of airspace such as restricted areas;
unless otherwise authorised by ATC.
4.2 It is the responsibility of the pilot-in-command to ensure that the Navigation Requirements
can be met.
4.3 When planning an IFR flight, the pilot-in-command of a multi-engine aircraft must take into
account the enroute performance requirements of CAO 20.7.1B, 20.7.2 or 20.7.4 (CAOs not pub-
lished herein), as appropriate.
4.4 Where no route specification has been published on the relevant Enroute/Area chart, a route
determined by the pilot-in-command, and, if in controlled airspace, approved by ATC, will be plan-
ned.
Prior ATC approval is required for RNAV tracking on routes other than those published or in the
Airservices “Off Air Route Planning (OARP) Manual” (not published herein). Information and rules
regarding OARP are available at: http://www.airservicesaustralia.com/.
The position reporting points for a route should be separated by a distance approximately 30
minutes or 200 NM apart, whichever is least, and when practicable, should be selected from
those on Enroute/Area charts. Otherwise, the position reporting points should be places named
on a WAC, and identifiable by radio or visual means. To minimize confusion when a position is
reported over a town which has a nearby aerodrome of the same name, the word “TOWNSHIP” is
to be used after the name in the text of the report.
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For an area-type flight as distinct from route flying, the pilot of an IFR flight or VFR flight in those
circumstances identified in Flight Planning (Series 600) may nominate scheduled reporting times.
These should be at half-hourly intervals. The pilot must specify the area’s boundaries by means of
a map provided with the flight notification details.
A pilot-in-command must make sure, by reference to the forecast, that the route selected for a
VFR flight will enable the aircraft to be flown with visual reference to the ground or water for signif-
icant portions of the route, and in the vicinity of the destination aerodrome.
5 SEPARATION STANDARDS
5.1 REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMUM (RVSM)
5.1.1 Application of RVSM
5.1.1.1 Australia applies a 1000 ft reduced vertical separation minimum between approved air-
craft operating between FL290 and FL410 inclusive.
5.1.2 RVSM Operations
5.1.2.1 Aircraft transiting from adjacent FIRs into Australian FIRs between FL290 and FL410
inclusive must plan from the way-point on the FIR boundary using the Table of Cruising Levels at
paragraph 3.2.1.
5.1.2.2 Aircraft transiting from Australian FIRs between FL290 and FL410 inclusive to adjacent
FIRs must plan until the waypoint on the FIR boundary using the Table of Cruising Levels at para-
graph 3.2.1.
5.1.2.3 Aircraft that will cross latitude 80° South between FL290 and FL410 inclusive must plan
using the Table of Cruising Levels for operations north of 80° South, and the Table of Cruising
Levels for operations south of 80° South.
5.1.2.4 To have RVSM applied to their aircraft, operators must be approved by the State of Reg-
istry or State of the Operator.
Approved operators must ensure that height-keeping monitoring is undertaken at least every two
years or within intervals of 1,000 flight hours per aircraft, whichever period is longer, in accord-
ance with the aircraft categories as presented in the current version of the ICAO RVSM Minimum
Monitoring Requirements table. The table and further information on monitoring can be obtained
from the Australian Airspace Monitoring Agency (AAMA) at http://www.airservicesaustralia.com/
organisations/aama/.
Pilots of aircraft that are not RVSM-approved may plan within the RVSM flight level band (FL290
to FL410 inclusive). However, clearance at RVSM levels is subject to disposition of traffic and
RVSM aircraft priority. The conventional vertical separation minimum will be applied between air-
craft that are not RVSM-approved and all other aircraft.
Pilots of non RVSM-approved military aircraft will be afforded equal priority with RVSM-approved
aircraft. Pilots planning to operate non-RVSM within the RVSM level band must flight plan in
accordance with the section on FLIGHT PLANNING.
Pilots of aircraft that are not RVSM-approved must report “NEGATIVE RVSM”.
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5.1.3 Operational Procedures Before Entering the RVSM Flight Level Band —
RVSM Approved Aircraft
5.1.3.1 On each flight before entering the RVSM flight level band, pilots of RVSM-approved air-
craft must check to ensure that all of the following minimum mandatory equipment is operating
normally:
a. two independent primary altimetry systems,
b. a Mode C-capable SSR transponder,
c. an altitude alert system, and
d. an autopilot with height lock.
5.1.3.2 If any item of the minimum mandatory equipment listed in the previous paragraph is not
operating normally, a pilot must notify ATC before entering the RVSM flight level band using the
phraseology “NEGATIVE RVSM”.
5.1.4 Operational Procedures After Entering the RVSM Flight Level Band —
RVSM Approved Aircraft
5.1.4.1 During changes of level, an aircraft must not overshoot or undershoot its Cleared Flight
Level (CFL) by more than 150 ft (45m).
5.1.4.2 Failure of One Primary Altimetry System. If one of the primary altimetry systems fails,
but the remaining altimetry system is functioning normally, the pilot must:
a. couple that system to the autopilot with height lock;
b. maintain increased vigilance of altitude-keeping; and
c. notify ATC of the failure using the phraseology, “FOR INFORMATION, OPERATING ON
ONE PRIMARY ALTIMETER ONLY”.
5.1.4.3 Failure of All Primary Altimetry Systems. If all primary altimetry systems fail, or are
considered unreliable, the pilot must:
a. maintain the flight level indicated on the standby altimeter (if the aircraft is so equipped) at
the time of failure or when considered unreliable;
b. alert nearby aircraft by turning on all exterior lights and, if not in VHF contact with ATC, by
broadcasting advice of the failure, position, flight level, and intentions on 121.5 MHz;
c. notify ATC of the failure using the phraseology “NEGATIVE RVSM” and the intended course
of action.
5.1.4.4 In Oceanic Class A Airspace Area. If unable to obtain ATC clearance in a timely
manner following a failure of all primary altimetry systems in oceanic Class A airspace the pilot
must proceed as follows:
a. If operationally feasible to do so, leave the assigned route or track by turning at least 45°
right or left, whenever this is possible, taking account of adjacent routes and descend below
FL290.
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b. If not operationally feasible to execute this contingency procedure, continue to alert nearby
aircraft and coordinate with ATC.
5.1.4.5 Divergence in Primary Altimetry Systems’ Indication. If the primary altimeters
diverge by more than 200 ft, the pilot must proceed as follows:
a. Attempt to determine the defective system through established “trouble-shooting” procedures
and/or comparing the primary altimeter displays to the standby altimeter (as corrected by
correction card, if required).
b. If the defective system can be determined, couple the functioning altimetry system to the
autopilot with height lock and proceed as in paragraph 5.1.4.2.
c. If the defective system cannot be determined, proceed as in paragraph 5.1.4.3.
5.1.4.6 Failure of the Mode C-capable SSR Transponder. If the mode C-capable transponder
fails, the pilot must notify ATC of the failure using the phraseology “NEGATIVE RVSM”.
5.1.4.7 Failure of the Altitude Alert System. If the altitude alert system fails, the pilot must
notify ATC of the failure using the phraseology “NEGATIVE RVSM”.
5.1.4.8 Failure of the Autopilot with Height Lock. If the autopilot with height lock fails, the
pilot must initiate the following actions sequentially;
a. Maintain CFL.
b. Evaluate the aircraft’s capability to maintain altitude through manual control.
c. Assess the situation regarding possible conflicting traffic.
d. Alert nearby aircraft by turning on all exterior lights and, if not in VHF contact with ATC,
broadcast advice of failure, position, flight level, and intentions on 121.5 MHz.
e. Notify ATC of the failure using the phraseology “NEGATIVE RVSM” and the intended course
of action.
5.1.4.9 In Oceanic Class A Airspace. Possible courses of action for the pilot following a failure
of the autopilot with height lock in oceanic Class A airspace include the following:
a. Provided that the aircraft can maintain CFL, continue at that level.
b. If the aircraft cannot maintain CFL and is unable to obtain a revised ATC clearance, leave
the assigned route or track by turning 90 degrees right or left, whenever this is possible,
taking account of adjacent routes.
5.1.5 ATC Responsibilities
5.1.5.1 ATC will apply alternative separation to any aircraft that has reported “NEGATIVE
RVSM” in accordance with requirements specified in this Section.
5.1.6 Weather and Wake Turbulence, and System Alerts
5.1.6.1 The pilot of an aircraft operating within the RVSM flight level band that encounters
weather turbulence that affects aircraft capability to maintain CFL, or wake turbulence, or experi-
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ences distracting aircraft system alerts, must notify ATC and request a revised clearance before
deviating from track or CFL.
5.1.6.2 Oceanic Control Area Only. If a revised clearance is not possible or practicable, the
pilot of an aircraft operating in an oceanic control area may initiate the following temporary lateral
offset procedure with the intention of returning to the cleared route as soon as possible:
a. If possible, establish contact with other aircraft on the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency
123.45 MHz.
b. Initiate a lateral offset (one or both aircraft may initiate) not to exceed 2 NM from the cleared
route or track, provided that:
1. as soon as practicable, the pilot(s) of the offsetting aircraft notify ATC that temporary
lateral offset action has been taken and the reason for doing so; and
2. the pilot(s) of the offsetting aircraft notify ATC when the aircraft is re-established on the
assigned route(s) or track(s).
5.1.7 Flight Level Deviation Reporting
5.1.7.1 For operations in the Australian FIR, flight crews must report all flight level deviations of
300 ft or more from the aircraft’s assigned level, irrespective of the cause of the deviation.
5.1.7.2 In reporting, crews must provide the information in the format detailed below. Reports
must be submitted as soon as possible after the occurrence and in writing to:
Australian Airspace Monitoring Agency (AAMA)
Address: Safety & Assurance Group
GPO Box 367
CANBERRA
ACT
AUSTRALIA
2601
Fax: 61-2-6268 5695
E-Mail: aama@airservicesaustralia.com
5.1.7.3 Flight crew may send reports through the airline/operator using its normal reporting pro-
cedures.
5.1.7.4 A report of altitude deviations of 300 ft or more, including those due to Traffic Alert and
Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), turbulence, and contingency events must use the following
format:
a. Reporting Agency:
b. Date and Time:
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c. Location of Deviation: (lat/long) and indication of the area (eg, Australian South Pacific air-
space/Australian Continental airspace/Australian Indian Ocean airspace).
d. Aircraft Identification and Type:
e. Flight Level Assigned:
f. Observed/Reported (indicate one) Final Flight Level: and indicate whether controller or pilot
report
g. Duration at Flight Level:
h. Cause of Deviation:
i. Other Traffic:
j. Crew Comments: (if provided)
k. Remarks: (If the event necessitated contingency action, indicate whether AIP contingency
procedures were followed).
5.2 WAKE TURBULENCE SEPARATION STANDARDS

5.2.1 Categories
5.2.1.1 For the purpose of wake turbulence separation, aircraft are divided into the following
weight categories:
a. SUPER (H) – A380 Aircraft;
b. HEAVY (H) – All aircraft types of 136,000kg maximum takeoff weight or more;
c. MEDIUM (M) – Aircraft types of less than 136,000kg maximum take-off weight but more than
7000kg maximum take-off weight;
d. LIGHT (L) – Aircraft types of 7000kg maximum take-off weight or less.
NOTE: B757 and H47 (Chinook) are categorized Heavy (H) when the following aircraft is catego-
rized either Medium (M) or Light (L) and categorized Medium (M) when the preceding aircraft is
categorized Heavy (H).
5.2.2 Application of Standards
5.2.2.1 In controlled airspace, unless the pilot has accepted responsibility for separation, ATC
will apply wake turbulence separation to:
a. aircraft in the approach and departure phases of flight when both aircraft are using parallel
runways separated by less than 760M; or
b. when an aircraft is operating directly behind another aircraft at the same level or less than
1000 FT below.
NOTE: Directly behind means an aircraft is operating within 760M laterally of the track of the lead-
ing aircraft.
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5.2.2.2 ATC applies the following time based wake turbulence separation minima between the
relevant categories of aircraft:
Aircraft Categories Time Separation Minima

DEPARTURE
DISPLACED
OPPOSITE DI- Intermedi-
Leading Following ARRIVAL LANDING
RECTION Full Length ate
Aircraft Aircraft THRESHOLD
(*Note)
MIN MIN MIN MIN MIN
HEAVY 3 3 3 2 4
SUPER MEDIUM 3 3 3 3 4
LIGHT 4 3 3 3 4
HEAVY MEDIUM 2 2 2 2 3
LIGHT 3 2 2 2 3
MEDIUM
(fixed
wing with
MTOW of
25,000K
G or LIGHT 3 2 2 2 3
more,
and all
MEDIUM
helicop-
ters)
NOTE 1: *Intermediate standards will be applied when the following aircraft will depart from the
same runway, or a parallel runway separated by less than 760M from a point more than 150M
after the take-off commencement point of the preceding aircraft.
NOTE 2: Distance standards cannot be used in lieu of time for intermediate departures.
5.2.2.3 ATC applies the following distance wake turbulence separation minima between the rel-
evant categories of aircraft:
Aircraft Categories Distance Separation Minima

Leading Aircraft Following Aircraft NM
SUPER HEAVY 6
MEDIUM 7
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Aircraft Categories Distance Separation Minima

LIGHT 8
HEAVY HEAVY 4
MEDIUM 5
LIGHT 6
MEDIUM (fixed wing LIGHT 5
with MTOW of
25,000KG or more,
and all MEDIUM heli-
copters)
5.2.2.4 Where the required separation can be determined by distance using an aircraft report or
ATS Surveillance System, ATC need not apply the time standard to an affected:
a. arriving aircraft;
b. departing aircraft unless it is departing from an intermediate point as described in Time Sep-
aration Minima.
5.2.2.5
5.2.2.5 ATC is not required to apply wake turbulence separation in the following situations:
a. when a MEDIUM fixed-wing aircraft of less than 25,000KG MTOW precedes a LIGHT air-
craft;
b. when an aircraft is landing behind another aircraft that is taking-off on the same runway;
c. subject to pilot waivers, if a pilot has initiated a waiver of the relevant departure wake turbu-
lence separation minimum;
d. when a VFR aircraft is in flight and is:
1. operating directly behind a preceding HEAVY or MEDIUM aircraft; or
2. landing on the same runway as a preceding HEAVY or MEDIUM aircraft; or
3. landing on a parallel runway separated by less than 760 m from the runway of a preced-
ing HEAVY or MEDIUM aircraft;
e. when an IFR aircraft is in flight and the pilot has:
1. reported the preceding aircraft in sight; and
2. accepted responsibility to follow, or maintain his or her own separation with, that air-
craft.
NOTE: For paragraphs (d) and (e), the pilot in command of the aircraft is responsible for ensuring
that the spacing from a preceding aircraft of a heavier wake turbulence category is acceptable. If
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it is determined that additional spacing is required, the flight crew may inform ATC accordingly,
stating their requirements.
5.2.2.6 No specific separation is applied on account of wake turbulence between an aircraft
landing behind an aircraft taking-off on the same runway.
5.2.2.7 Appropriate wake turbulence separation standards will be applied when an aircraft
taking-off behind a landing heavier weight category aircraft is expected to become airborne before
the touchdown point of the landing aircraft.
NOTE: Super, Heavy or Medium Wake Turbulence category aircraft may be operating at the base
and near the boundaries of controlled airspace. Aircraft operating in Class G airspace in the vicin-
ity of controlled airspace may be affected by wake turbulence from aircraft operating within con-
trolled airspace.
5.2.2.8 For aircraft in the Super or Heavy wake turbulence categories, the word “SUPER” or
“HEAVY” respectively must be included immediately after the aircraft call sign in the initial radio-
telephony contact between such aircraft and the aerodrome control tower or the approach control
unit.
5.2.3 Pilot Waivers
5.2.3.1 Pilots may, in VMC by day only, advise ATC that they wish the application of the depar-
ture standards to be waived. When a pilot so advises, this indicates to ATC that the pilot accepts
total responsibility for providing his/her own wake turbulence separation. Waiving of these separa-
tion standards is not permitted when the aircraft concerned will follow a Heavy or Super aircraft.
ATC is not permitted to ask pilots to accept waivers.
5.2.3.2 Since wake vortices are not visible, waivers against relevant separation standards
should only be initiated after careful consideration of prevailing atmospheric conditions and the
intended (or permissible) flight path relative to the leading aircraft. This is particularly important
when the following aircraft is a Light aircraft.
6 DIVERSIONS TO AN ALTERNATE AERODROME

6.1 The pilot-in-command is responsible for taking appropriate diversion action based on infor-
mation received. The pilot must provide the latest diversion time from the destination or from a
point enroute and, if required, the time interval.
7 HOLDING
7.1 Holding must be in accordance with approved procedures. If aircraft are required to hold at a
point for which no procedure is published, they shall do so in a manner specified by ATC.
7.2 A request by a pilot-in-command to deviate from a prescribed holding procedure may be
approved.
8 FLIGHTS OVER WATER

8.1 Aircraft engaged in private, aerial work, or charter operations, and which are normally pro-
hibited by CAR 258 from over-water flights because of their inability to reach land in the event of
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engine failure, may fly over water subject to compliance with the conditions in this section. These
conditions are additional to the requirements for flight over land.
8.2 In the case of passenger-carrying charter operations, the distance from land areas suitable
for an emergency landing must not exceed 25 NM. In the case of helicopters, a fixed platform or a
vessel suitable for an emergency landing, or for seaplanes an area of water suitable for an emer-
gency landing and located adjacent to land, may be considered acceptable for this requirement.
8.2.1 There is no limitation for private, aerial work or freight only charter operations.
8.3 Each occupant of the aircraft must wear a life jacket during the flight over water unless
exempted from doing so under the terms of CAO 20.11 (not published herein).
8.4 A meteorological forecast must be obtained.
8.5 SAR ALERTING

8.5.1 VFR flights may choose to operate on reporting schedules for the over-water stages of a
flight. Schedules may be arranged before commencing the over-water stage and terminate on
completion of the crossing.
8.5.2 VFR aircraft not equipped with radio which will enable continuous communication, or not
radio equipped, must carry a survival beacon as prescribed in CAO 20.11, for the over-water
stages of the flight.
8.6 Helicopters must be fitted with an approved flotation system unless exempted under the
terms of CAO 20.11.
9 POSITION REPORTS
9.1 Except when identified, position reporting is mandatory when operating under IFR and must
normally be made at the positions or times notified on the flight notification. (For flights not operat-
ing along an ATS route, reporting points should be provided in Item 15 for locations approximately
30 minutes or 200 NM apart.)
9.2 The position report format is identified at Full Position Report; Section 1: Position.
9.3 When an aircraft is holding due to weather, ATS will nominate scheduled reporting times
which will normally be at 15 minute intervals.
9.4 The position report format appears in Meteorology. Section 2 of the report should only be
transmitted when required by the operator or when deemed necessary by the pilot. Section 3 of
the report is required only for those designated flights operating over specified MET reporting
points.
9.4.1 For operations in Australian domestic airspace, Section 1 of the report may be abbreviated
by omitting the words “OVER”, “FEET” and “NEXT POSITION”.
9.4.2 Aircraft operating area-type flights and nominating scheduled reporting times may limit the
report to “level” and the “present position” or the sector of the survey area in which the aircraft is
currently operating.
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9.5 Pilots must give ATS notice of an impending position report by use of the word “POSITION”;
e.g., “MELBOURNE CENTER (call sign) POSITION”. Pilots must wait for the ATS instruction
before reporting position.
9.6 Pilots must report maintaining an assigned level, unless ATC has advised IDENTIFIED. An
IFR flight operating VFR-on-top or requesting IFR Pick-up must advise level maintaining.
9.7 After any frequency change, pilots must advise the last assigned level and, if not maintaining
the assigned level, the level maintaining or last vacated level; e.g., “MELBOURNE CENTER
(CALL-SIGN) CLEARED FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ONE ZERO, MAINTAINING FLIGHT LEVEL
THREE ONE ZERO”.
9.8 Pilots should normally report estimated time of arrival at the place of intended landing when
at the last position report.
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1 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
1.1 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
1.1.1 Aircraft must be equipped with radio communications systems capable of continuous com-
munication according to the flight classification and airspace category. The systems specified in
the following table are the minimum required for the particular operation and, except where other-
wise indicated, must be of a type approved by the CASA, properly installed in the aircraft and
serviceable on the departure of the flight.
COMMUNICA-
CLASS AIRSPACE TION REQUIRE- REMARKS
MENTS
Regular Public Classes A, C, D, E & G VHF and HF or See paragraphs 1.1.2, 1.1.3,
Transport two VHF 1.1.4, 1.1.6 and 1.1.7
Charter Classes A, C, D, E & G VHF See paragraph 1.1.2

HF When VHF does not allow con-
tinuous communication with ATS
at all stages of flight. See paras
1.1.3, 1.1.4, 1.1.6 and 1.1.7
Instrument Classes A, C, D, E & G VHF See paragraph 1.1.2
Flight Rules HF When beyond VHF range of
ATS units. See paragraphs 1.1.3
and 1.1.6
Night Visual Classes A, C, D, E & G VHF See paragraph 1.1.2
Flight Rules
Visual Flight Classes A, C, D & E VHF See paragraph 1.1.2
Rules
Class G — 5000 ft and VHF Except GLIDERS at and below
above FL200. See paragraph 1.1.2
Class G — at those aer- VHF See paragraphs 1.1.2 & 1.1.5
odromes where the car-
riage and use of radio is
required
Class G — below 3000 VHF In reduced visual meteorological
ft MSL or 1000 ft AGL conditions. See paragraphs
1.1.2 and 1.1.5
Gliders Class G VHF Operations at aerodromes serv-
iced by regular public transport.
See paragraph 1.1.5
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1.1.2 VHF communications systems must be capable of communication on all VHF frequencies
required to meet the reporting and broadcast requirements of paragraph 1.2.
1.1.3 HF communications systems must be fitted with frequencies appropriate to the area of
operation. The frequencies fitted must be sufficient to enable continuous communication with ATS
units for the planned duration of the flight or while operating within the specified area, taking into
account the expected radio propagation conditions during the period of operation.
1.1.4 At least one item of the required radio equipment must be capable of maintaining continu-
ous communication with ATS at all stages of flight. The term “all stages of flight” includes ground
operations at the aerodromes of departure and arrival, and cruising levels that could be required
for any emergency and/or abnormal operation enroute. However, where continuous communica-
tion using VHF can be maintained for normal operations, but cannot be guaranteed in the event of
emergency and/or abnormal operations enroute, SATCOM telephone may be used instead of HF
provided the Operator has applied to CASA in writing, and been given specific approval, docu-
menting that all relevant maintenance, operational and logistic aspects have been considered and
has or will be implemented, including that:
a. routes are selected so that the anticipated period beyond VHF coverage, in the event of
emergency and/or abnormal operation, does not exceed 30 minutes;
b. appropriate pre-flight checks have been incorporated in the aircrew check list and forms part
of the company's operating procedures;
c. the system is equipped with an external antenna and operated via a common VHF headset/
microphone;
d. SATCOM telephone transmissions will be recorded by the Cockpit Voice Recorder;
e. the system is inter-operable with existing NAV systems;
f. power can be removed from the system;
g. defect reports will be issued and dispatched as for other COM systems; and
h. the system has been incorporated in the Minimum Equipment List.
NOTE: SATCOM telephone contact procedures are described in the paragraph titled Inmarsat
Service. Additionally, to facilitate ATC initiated calls to aircraft during contingencies, the phone
number of the aircraft may be included in Field 18 of the flight plan. Any pre-flight radio check of
the SATCOM telephone should be made to the pilot's company to avoid congesting ATC lines.
1.1.5 An Australian Communications and Media Authority approved and licensed hand-held
VHF radio may be used by pilots of:
a. VFR private and airwork aircraft with a MTOW not exceeding:
1. in the case of an aeroplane other than a seaplane — 544kg;
2. in the case of a seaplane with a single seat — 579kg;
3. in the case of a seaplane with two seats — 614kg; and
b. gliders; and
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c. balloons.
Additionally, approved hand-held radios may be used by pilots of these aircraft when operating in
Class G airspace. Pilots are responsible for ensuring that the equipment is able to be operated
without adversely affecting the safety of the aircraft. The location of the antenna must be such
that airframe shielding does not prevent two-way communication with all aircraft operating on the
CTAF. Where the radio is not connected to the aircraft primary power supply, there must be ready
access to back-up power.
1.1.6 Australia Estimated VHF Coverage Enroute Chart shows the areas in which an aircraft,
flying at the altitudes indicated, could be expected to maintain continuous VHF communications
with an ATS unit.
1.1.7 RPT, charter and airwork aircraft are exempt from the requirement to carry HF radio for
communication with ATS when:
a. radio contact can be maintained with an appropriately trained company representative able
to communicate by telephone with ATS; and
b. the communications requirements of Operations in Class G Airspace are satisfied.
1.1.8 Private aircraft without radio may be admitted to CTRs for maintenance subject to the
approval of the appropriate ATC unit. Pilots must comply with any conditions contained in the
approval.
1.2 SUMMARY OF REPORT AND BROADCAST REQUIREMENTS

1.2.1 General
1.2.1.1 In this section:
a. “Report” means a mandatory radio report from an aircraft to the appropriate ATS unit.
b. “Broadcast” means a radio broadcast from an aircraft on the appropriate frequency to pro-
vide advisory traffic information to other aircraft.
1.2.1.1.1 Carriage of VHF radio and being qualified to use the radio, are mandatory when oper-
ating at, or in the vicinity of a non-towered registered, certified or military aerodrome.
1.2.1.1.2 However, CAR 166E allows for exemption from these regulations – refer where repair
facilities are not available.
1.2.1.2 Except in special circumstances (e.g., descent from CTA, formation flights, SAR, police /
security), pilots of aircraft are required to comply with the radio communication requirements
appropriate for the “Classes of Airspace – Services and Requirements” table included in Airspace
Organization.
1.2.1.3 In special circumstances, a pilot may request to change frequency to meet operational
report, broadcast, or communication requirements. ATC will facilitate a pilot request for approval
to leave a control frequency to make such reports or broadcasts. When impracticable to approve
the frequency change at the time requested due to control requirements, ATC will accommodate
the request as soon as possible. In determining when to make reports and broadcasts, pilots
should consider the possibility of delays in being released from the ATC frequency. Requests for
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frequency change should specify the expected duration when the change required is not perma-
nent.
1.2.1.4 Whenever flight rules are changed during flight (i.e., VFR to IFR or IFR to VFR), the pilot
must report to ATS at the time the change takes place.
1.2.1.5 When a pilot becomes aware that a previously notified position estimate is more than
two (2) minutes in error, the pilot must report and, where necessary, broadcast a corrected esti-
mate.
1.2.1.6 When a report from an IFR flight is made to FLIGHTWATCH on HF, a broadcast on the
appropriate CTAF or area VHF frequency is also required.
1.2.1.7 Reports of “CHANGING TO (location) CTAF (frequency)” are required by pilots of IFR
flights when inbound to a non-towered aerodrome when the ATC frequency will not, or cannot, be
monitored.
1.2.1.8 Pilots of aircraft engaged in parachute operations must broadcast their intentions on the
appropriate area VHF, and/or CTAF two (2) minutes prior to parachutists exiting the aircraft. In
addition, when operations are conducted in, or parachutists will enter, a Restricted Area or
Classes A, C or D airspace, a clearance to drop is required. Notification of clearance request
must be made at least five (5) minutes before the proposed exit.
1.2.1.9 Aircraft may maintain a listening watch on other than the Area VHF for operations below
5000 ft in Class G airspace such as parachuting, gliding, agricultural operations and circuit train-
ing or local flights at non-controlled aerodromes.
1.2.1.10 Gliders are encouraged, but not required, to monitor the Area VHF when operating
above 5000 ft in Class E and G airspace.
1.2.1.11 Pilots of IFR flights operating outside controlled airspace who desire to establish com-
munication with a non-ATS station and who will not be able to maintain a listening watch on the
ATS frequency must advise ATS of their further SAR requirements prior to making the frequency
change.
1.2.1.12 The standard broadcast format is;
a. {Location} Traffic
b. {Aircraft type}
c. {Callsign}
d. {Position/intentions}
e. {Location}
1.2.1.13 If calls are not made clearly and concisely using the standard phraseology, confusion
can arise at aerodromes that are close together where the CTAF is the same.
1.2.1.13.1 Pilots operating at, or in the vicinity of non-towered aerodromes where the carriage of
radio is mandatory should always monitor the CTAF and broadcast their intentions at least in
accordance with the minimum calls set out in the table below (Summary of broadcasts -- All air-
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craft at non-towered aerodromes). Pilots should also make additional broadcasts when consid-
ered necessary to minimize any risk of collision (CAR 166 C (2)).
1.2.1.13.2 At aerodromes where the carriage of radio is not mandatory, good airmanship dic-
tates that pilots of radio-equipped aircraft would also monitor the radio and broadcast their inten-
tions in accordance with the minimum calls in the table below (Summary of broadcasts -- All air-
craft at non-towered aerodromes). Pilots should also observe local and published noise abate-
ment procedures and curfews.
1.2.2 Summary of Reports
SUMMARY OF REPORTS — ALL AIRCRAFT IN CLASSES A, C & D AIRSPACE, AND IFR

AIRCRAFT IN CLASS E AIRSPACE
SITUATION FREQUENCY TO USE REMARKS
Ready to taxi ATC Report
Airborne in Class C CTR ATC Report
IFR Departure in Class D CTR ATC Report
VFR Departure in Class D airspace,
unless departing the CTR directly into ATC Report
Class G airspace
Position report at prescribed points ATC Report
Report
Arrival ATC
(if cancelling SARWATCH)
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SUMMARY OF REPORTS — IFR AIRCRAFT IN CLASS G AIRSPACE

When a report from an IFR flight is made to ATS via HF, a broadcast on the appropriate CTAF or
area VHF is also required.
Taxiing ATS Report
Departure ATS Report
Reaching cruising level ATS Report
Position report at prescribed and
ATS Report
nominated points
Before changing level ATS Report
Changing frequency ATS Report
For clearance into controlled airspace ATC Report
Before leaving controlled airspace on
ATS Report
descent
Changing to CTAF and not monitor-
ing ATC FREQ on second COM sys- ATS Report
tem
Joining circuit ATS Report*
After landing ATS Report*
*Report required only if cancelling SARWATCH at this time.
SUMMARY OF REPORTS — VFR AIRCRAFT IN CLASSES E AND G AIRSPACE

For clearance into controlled airspace ATC Report
Before and on completion of overwa- Report (if requesting sched-
ATS
ter stage (see Flights Over Water.) ules)
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SUMMARY OF BROADCASTS — ALL AIRCRAFT AT NON-TOWERED AERODROMES

* CAR 166C requires a pilot to make
a broadcast whenever it is reasonably Broadcast – (must include
necessary to do so to avoid a colli- '(Location) Traffic (Aircraft
CTAF
sion, or the risk of a collision with an- Type) (Callsign) (Position/
other aircraft in the vicinity of the aer- Intentions) (Location)'
odrome (See Notes 1 and 2).
The pilot intends to depart from the Broadcast -- Immediately
CTAF
aerodrome (See Notes 1 and 2 ). before, or during taxiing.
The pilot intends to enter a runway Broadcast – Immediately
CTAF
(See Notes 1 and 2). before entering a runway.
The pilot is inbound Broadcast 10NM from the
aerodrome, or earlier, com-
mensurate with aeroplane
CTAF performance and pilot work-
load, with an estimated time
of arrival (ETA) for the aero-
drome.
The pilot is ready to join the circuit Broadcast – Immediately
CTAF
before joining the circuit.
Pilot intends to make a Straight-in ap- Broadcast – on final ap-
proach; proach at not less than 3
CTAF
or NM from the threshold (See
Note 4)
Base leg join Prior to joining on base
The pilot intends to fly through the vi- Broadcast – When the air-
cinity of, but not land at, a non-tow- craft enters the vicinity of
CTAF
ered aerodrome the aerodrome (as defined)
(See Note 3)
Instrument approach when,
a. departing FAF or established on
final approach segment inbound CTAF Broadcast
b. terminating the approach, com-
mencing the missed approach
NOTE 1: The general broadcast requirement annotated * in the above table is mandatory; all
other broadcasts in the Table are recommended.
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NOTE 2: Carriage of radio, and being qualified to use it, are mandatory at non-towered aero-
dromes depicted in Airport Directory as being certified, registered or military. However, CAR 166E
allows, subject to compliance with specified procedures, for use of such aerodromes without serv-
iceable radio.
NOTE 3: An aircraft is in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome if it is in airspace other than con-
trolled airspace, within 10NM of the aerodrome and at a height above the aerodrome that could
result in conflict with operations at the aerodrome.
NOTE 4: Some distances above refer to the runway threshold and others to the aerodrome refer-
ence point (ARP). Pilots should be aware that a GNSS indication of 3NM from an aerodrome may
not be 3NM to the runway threshold.
1.2.3 Limited Radio and No-Radio Procedures
1.2.3.1 Authorization may be given to Australian registered aircraft to vary the requirements for
the carriage of radio equipment as specified in Radio Communication and Navigation Require-
ments. Authorizations are given by the relevant Area or Airline Office of the CASA.
1.2.3.2 A no-radio aircraft operating in Class “G” Airspace may, due to stress of weather, oper-
ate above 5000 ft to the minimum extent necessary for the safe conduct of the flight, provided:
a. the aircraft cruises at a VFR level;
b. the cruise is conducted in VMC; and
c. as soon as is practicable, the aircraft descends in VMC to below 5000 ft to continue flight in
VMC.
A pilot not able to comply with these requirements must proceed to the nearest suitable aero-
drome and land.
1.2.3.3 A no-radio aircraft other than a glider may operate above 5000 ft within the confines of a
published Danger Area which is:
a. promulgated specifically for no-radio operations, or
b. identified as permitting no-radio operations.
1.2.3.4 Gliders may be authorized to operate above FL200 and monitor an approved frequency
other than the ATS frequency. The area of operation will be advised by NOTAM.
1.2.3.5 If total or partial failure of the required radio communications equipment occurs before
flight commences and repair facilities are available, repairs must be made before the flight pro-
ceeds.
1.2.3.5.1 Where repair facilities are not available, and flight to the nearest appropriate repair
facility entails flight in controlled airspace, the flight may proceed provided that ATS is advised of
the radio failure and a clearance for the flight is obtained from ATC.
1.2.3.5.2 At non-towered aerodromes where the carriage of radio is required, CAR 166E allows
for continuation of a 'no radio' arrival or departure in certain circumstances. If a radio failure
occurs either enroute to or in the circuit of the aerodrome, the pilot may continue to land at that
aerodrome provided:
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a. where equipped – the aircraft displays its external lights, and its transponder is turned on;
and
b. if enroute – the pilot uses the overfly joining procedure (Refer CAAP 166-1 (0) Appendix 1,
or the graphic Recommended Circuit Join).
1.2.3.5.3 A pilot may depart the aerodrome with an unserviceable radio and fly to another aero-
drome for repairs, provided that the aircraft – where equipped – displays its external lights and its
transponder turned on.
1.2.3.5.4 A pilot should avoid planning to arrive or depart an aerodrome for radio repairs during
the known hours of scheduled RPT operation. For aerodromes where there is a UNICOM or CA/
GRS, pilots should by alternative means where possible make contact and advise their intentions
before conducting operations.
1.2.3.5.5 In exceptional circumstances, CAR 166E makes a provision for a pilot who is not quali-
fied to use an aircraft radio, or where the aircraft is not equipped with a radio, to operate at, or in
the vicinity of a non--towered certified, registered or military aerodrome. The aircraft must be
operated:
a. in VMC by day; and
b. arrive or depart in the company of another radio-equipped aircraft that is flown by a radio-
qualified pilot which will allow the latter to make radio calls on behalf of both aircraft. The
radio-equipped aircraft should be maneuvered to keep the no radio aircraft at a safe distance
(CAR 163) and in sight at all times in order to accurately report its position.
1.2.3.6 Procedures to be adopted when total loss of radio occurs while in-flight and within Aus-
tralian Domestic airspace are contained in the Emergency section.
1.2.3.7 Procedures to be adopted when total loss of radio occurs while in-flight and within Aus-
tralian administered Oceanic airspace are as follows:
1.2.3.8 In the event of total loss of communication, an aircraft shall:
a. try to re-establish communication by all other means;
b. if all attempts to re-establish communication with ATC are unsuccessful:
1. Squawk 7600;
2. If able, broadcast in the blind at suitable intervals: aircraft identification, flight level, air-
craft position (including the ATS route designator or the track code), and intentions on
the frequency in use, as well as on frequency 121.5 MHz (or, as a back-up, the VHF
inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz);
3. Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to airborne collision avoid-
ance systems or traffic displays (if equipped);
4. Turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations);
5. Maintain the last assigned speed and level for a period of 60 minutes following the air-
craft’s failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point (including ADS-C
flights), and thereafter adjust speed and altitude in accordance with the filed flight plan;
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NOTE: In airspace where the strategic lateral offset procedures (SLOP) has been
authorized, aircraft experiencing communication failure may also elect to initiate SLOP
in accordance with State AIP, including an offset of 1.8 or 3.7 km (1 NM or 2 NM) right
of track.
6. Upon exiting oceanic airspace, conform to the relevant State procedures and regula-
tions.
1.2.3.9 In the event of lost communication, ATC shall maintain separation between the aircraft
having the communication failure and other aircraft, based on the assumption that the aircraft
having the communication failure will operate in accordance with the procedures in the previous
paragraph.
2 COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
2.1 RADIO FREQUENCIES
2.1.1 General
2.1.1.1 Air-ground communications in Australian FIRs are conducted by radio telephony in the
VHF, UHF and HF bands. Air-to-air communications are conducted in the VHF band. The require-
ments for carriage of radio communication systems are contained in paragraph 1.1. Frequencies
are published on applicable Enroute/Area and Terminal charts. VHF frequencies are published/
depicted on Jeppesen Terminal charts.
2.1.1.2 VHF is the primary frequency band, with HF only being used when outside VHF cover-
age. Area VHF frequencies and their estimated coverage are shown on Enroute/Area charts.
2.1.1.3 UHF is intended primarily for use with military aircraft. At some locations, re-transmit
facilities, which permit UHF and VHF aircraft to copy VHF/UHF transmissions conducted with a
common ATS unit, are installed.
2.1.2 HF — Domestic Operations
2.1.2.1
The National Aeronautical HF network appropriate to the area of operations is shown on applica-
ble Enroute/Area charts. In Trans-Continental and Oceanic Control Areas (TCTA/OCTA), the
ground organization may nominate the appropriate International Network to be used by aircraft.
For those operations outside VHF coverage, where the maintenance of a continuous two-way
communications watch with an airways operations unit is mandatory, the carriage of suitable HF
frequencies is required.
2.1.3 HF — International Operations
2.1.3.1 HF networks to be used in order of preference are:
a. the appropriate International Network (SEA-3, SP-6, INO-1); or
b. the national network for Domestic Operations.
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2.1.4 Interpilot Air-to-Air Communication

2.1.4.1 In accordance with regional agreements, 123.45 MHz is designated as the air-to-air VHF
communications channel. Use of this channel will enable aircraft engaged in flights over remote
and oceanic areas out of range of VHF ground stations to exchange necessary operational infor-
mation and to facilitate the resolution of operational problems.
2.1.5 SELCAL
2.1.5.1 SELCAL is available to appropriately equipped aircraft. Frequencies for this service are
published on Enroute/Area charts.
2.2 CERTIFIED AIR/GROUND RADIO SERVICE (CA/GRS)

2.2.1 A Certified Air/Ground Radio Service is an aerodrome-based radio information service,
which may operate at non-controlled aerodromes. The service is a safety enhancement facility
which provides pilots with operational information relevant to the particular aerodrome. The serv-
ice is operated by or for the aerodrome operator to published hours, on the CTAF assigned to the
particular aerodrome. It is not an Airservices or RAAF-provided air traffic service.
2.2.2 The CA/GRS does not provide any separation service.
2.2.3 The call sign of the service is the aerodrome location followed by “Radio”; e.g., “Ayers
Rock Radio”. The radio operators of the service have been certified to meet a CASA standard of
communication technique and aviation knowledge appropriate to the service being provided.
2.2.4 The CA/GRS is provided to all aircraft operating within the designated broadcast area for
the specific location. Refer to Airport Directory for the location specific designated broadcast
areas.
2.2.5 When a CA/GRS is operating, pilot procedures are unchanged from the standard non-con-
trolled aerodrome operating and communications procedures. Airport Directory includes location
specific information relating to procedures.
2.2.6 The operational information provided by a CA/GRS assists pilots in making informed
operational decisions. Pilots retain authority and responsibility for the acceptance and use of the
information provided.
2.2.7 Aircraft making the normal inbound or taxiing broadcast receive a responding broadcast
from the CA/GRS operator, conveying the following information:
a. Confirmation of the correct CTAF.
b. Current, known, relevant traffic in the vicinity of the aerodrome and on the maneuvering area
of the aerodrome. Traffic information may include some or all of the following:
1. the aircraft type, call sign, position and intention; or
2. where circuit flying is in operation, general advice on the number of aircraft in the circuit,
and position in the circuit, if relevant.
NOTE: This information is provided as an advisory to pilots in VMC and to assist pilots in
arranging self-separation in IMC.
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c. Weather conditions and operational information for the aerodrome. The information which
may be advised includes:
1. runway favored by wind or for noise abatement,
2. runway surface conditions,
3. wind direction and speed,
4. visibility and present weather,
5. estimated cloud base,
6. aerodrome surface temperature, and
7. aerodrome QNH.
This information will be provided by means of an Automatic Aerodrome Information Service
(AAIS) broadcast on a discrete frequency (similar to ATIS) during OPR HR of CA/GRS or on
request to the CA/GRS operator. Pilots should monitor the published AAIS frequency before
making the taxiing or inbound broadcast, and indicate that the AAIS information has been
received when making the inbound or taxiing broadcast.
d. Other operational information of a local nature, relevant to the safety of operations at the aer-
odrome.
2.2.8 The CA/GRS will provide emergency services call-out if requested by the pilot in an emer-
gency or, if in the opinion of the operator, a call-out is warranted.
2.2.9 The weather information provided by the service is derived from approved measuring
equipment, which meets BoM aeronautical precision standards. QNH provided by a CA/GRS or
AAIS may be used to reduce landing, circling and alternate minima in accordance with the QNH
Sources paragraph in the Terminal section.
2.2.10 The CA/GRS operator may act as a representative of an air operator (where formal
agreement with the operator has been established) for the purposes of holding SARWATCH.
2.3 UNICOM
2.3.1 Unicom (Universal Communications) is a non-ATS communications service provided to
enhance the value of information normally available about a non-towered aerodrome.
2.3.2 The primary function of the frequency used for Unicom services where the Unicom is the
CTAF is to provide pilots with the means to make standard positional broadcasts when operating
in the vicinity of an aerodrome. Participation in Unicom services must not inhibit the transmission
of standard positional broadcasts.
2.3.3 Participation in Unicom services relates to the exchange of messages concerning:
a. fuel requirements;
b. estimated times of arrival and departure;
c. aerodrome information;
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d. maintenance and servicing of aircraft including the ordering of parts and materials urgently
required;
e. passenger requirements;
f. unscheduled landings to be made by aircraft;
g. general weather reports; and
h. basic information on traffic.
2.3.4 This information is available to all aircraft during the times that the Unicom is operating.
2.3.5 Weather reports, other than simple factual statements about the weather, may not be pro-
vided by Unicom operators unless they are properly authorized to make weather observations
under CAR 120 (not published herein).
2.3.6 The Unicom operator is solely responsible for the accuracy of any information passed to
an aircraft, while the use of information obtained from a Unicom is at the discretion of the pilot-in-
command.
2.3.7 Stations providing a Unicom service are required to be licensed by the Australian Commu-
nications and Media Authority (ACMA). Detailed information regarding the licensing and use of
equipment may be obtained by contacting the ACA in the appropriate State or Territory capital
city.
2.3.8 Unicom operators must comply with the requirements of CAR 83(2).
2.4 AERODROME FREQUENCY RESPONSE UNIT

2.4.1 To assist pilots’ awareness of inadvertent selection of an incorrect VHF frequency when
operating into non-towered aerodromes, a device known as an Aerodrome Frequency Response
Unit (AFRU) may be installed. An AFRU will provide an automatic response when pilots transmit
on the CTAF for the aerodrome at which it is installed.
2.4.2 The features of the AFRU are as follows:
a. When the aerodrome traffic frequency has not been used for the past five (5) minutes, the
next transmission over two (2) seconds long will cause a voice identification to be transmit-
ted in response; e.g., “GOULBURN CTAF”.
b. When the aerodrome traffic frequency has been used within the previous five (5) minutes, a
300 millisecond tone will be generated after each transmission over two (2) seconds long.
2.4.3 A series of three (3) microphone clicks within a period of five (5) seconds will also cause
the AFRU to transmit a voice identification for the particular aerodrome.
2.4.4 In the event that the transmitter in the AFRU becomes jammed for a period greater than
one minute, the unit will automatically shut down.
2.4.5 The operation of the AFRU provides additional safety enhancements by confirming the
operation of the aircraft’s transmitter and receiver, the volume setting, and that the pilot has selec-
ted the correct frequency for use at that aerodrome.
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2.5 HIGH FREQUENCY HARMFUL RADIO INTERFERENCE

2.5.1 Domestic aeromobile HF communications in Australia are sometimes subjected to periods
of significant radio interference. Consequently, strategies to alleviate this interference are being
actively pursued.
2.5.2 The harmful interference is generally being broadcast in a variety of foreign languages and
is not aviation related. Airservices Australia has, therefore, procured a number of tapes with recor-
ded messages in a variety of languages and dialects. These are used, as required, to advise the
“target” that they are transmitting on a frequency reserved for aviation communications, and that
they should cease transmitting.
2.5.3 Taped messages may run for up to three minutes. The selection of which message(s) to
transmit, and when to transmit, is controlled by ATS staff as detailed in their local instructions.
During the broadcast of recorded messages, the frequency in use will not be usable by the ATS
center controlling the broadcast, and aircraft wishing to communicate on HF may need to change
to an alternative frequency, or wait until the broadcast is completed.
2.5.4 Minor delays in responding to VHF calls may also occur while HF broadcasts are taking
place. Broadcasts are made on a “workload permitting” basis, and ATS will terminate the broad-
cast if higher priority HF or VHF communications are required.
2.6 TELEPHONE FACILITIES

2.6.1 1-800 Service is available for direct-dial calls, to specified ATS units during operating
hours.
2.6.2 Reverse Charge Calls
2.6.2.1 Airservices will bear the cost of operator-connected calls of an urgent operational nature
relating to aircraft movements, and which should normally be directed to the ATS unit associated
with the airspace in which the aircraft is operating; namely:
a. notification of departures and arrivals as specified elsewhere in this manual; and
b. requests for ATC clearances and aeronautical information essential to flight.
2.6.3 Inmarsat Service
2.6.3.1 Inmarsat has been provided with telephone numbers to facilitate pilot-initiated telephone
communication with ATC in Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney via the Inmarsat
Transitional ATS Satellite Voice Service. This system uses airborne satellite telephone equipment
and abbreviated dialing codes to dial ATC facilities around the world. It is available only to aircraft
fitted with a Future Air Navigation System (FANS).
2.6.3.2 Contact with Australian ATS Centers/Terminal Control Units (TCUs) can be made by
dialling the following abbreviated dialling codes:
– Adelaide TCU: 450301
– Brisbane Center: 450302
– Melbourne Center: 450303
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– Perth TCU: 450304, and

– Sydney TCU: 450305
2.6.3.3 Non-FANS equipped aircraft fitted with airborne satellite telephone equipment can con-
tact Australian ATS Centers/TCUs by dialling the full telephone number as follows:
– Adelaide TCU: +61 8 8238 7988
– Brisbane Center: +61 7 3866 3868
– Melbourne Center: +61 3 9338 4032
– Perth TCU: +61 8 9277 1086
– Sydney TCU: +61 2 9556 6742
2.6.3.4 Communications using these services are restricted to urgent, non-routine, safety-rela-
ted matters.
2.6.4 Use of Mobile Telephones in Aircraft
2.6.4.1 In the event of an emergency, and when other conventional means of communication
are either inadequate or not available, mobile telephones may be used for contact with Air Traffic
Control and Search and Rescue Centers. Telephone numbers for the individual ATC locations
and the SAR Hotline are as follows:
– Adelaide ATC Center: 08 8238 7988
– Brisbane ATC Center: 07 3866 3868
– Melbourne ATC Center: 03 9338 4032
– Perth ATC Center: 08 9277 1086
– Sydney ATC Center: 02 9556 6564
– SAR Hotline: 1800 815 257
2.7 RECORDING OF OPERATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS

2.7.1 All ATS units are equipped with automatic recording facilities which record, on magnetic
tape, all communications to and from each ATS unit, irrespective of the medium used.
3 FIS: INFLIGHT INFORMATION

3.1 AUTOMATIC BROADCAST SERVICES
3.1.1 Automatic Broadcast Services are an essential part of the In-Flight Information Service.
a. International flights are catered for by the Sydney HF VOLMET service. Refer to Meteorol-
ogy Reports and Advisories.
b. Flights within 90 NM of a Primary Control Zone and 30 NM of a General Aviation Control
Zone area are catered for by the Automatic Terminal Information Services (ATIS);
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c. Flights operating within Australia, in particular flights operating in control areas, are catered
for by an Automatic En Route Information Services (AERIS).
d. Aircraft operating to an airport at which AWS is installed may be catered for by AWIS.
3.1.2
3.2 ON REQUEST INFLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE (FLIGHTWATCH)

NOTE: It is the responsibility of the pilot to request the information necessary to make operational
decisions.
3.2.1 General
3.2.1.1 An On Request Flight Information Service (FIS) is available to aircraft in all classes of
airspace on VHF and HF (Domestic and International) frequencies. FIS is provided on a range of
discrete VHF and HF frequencies using the call sign “FLIGHTWATCH”. The alternative use of FIA
frequencies, HF or telephone may be required in areas not covered by VHF Flightwatch frequen-
cies. Consequently, FIS may be provided by either Flightwatch or ATC. Broadcast information is
available from ATIS and on the AERIS network to supplement the on-request service.
3.2.1.2 Pilots should use the generic call sign “FLIGHTWATCH” and quote the frequency when
requesting information from the FIS. For example:
FLIGHTWATCH, ROMEO JULIET DELTA, 119.4, REQUEST ACTUAL WEATHER CANBERRA
3.2.1.3 Requests will be dealt with on a “first come-first served” basis.
3.2.1.4 Pilots should be mindful that flight information services provided on HF by the FIS may
be delayed while communications for traffic information services are being relayed between air
traffic control and pilots of IFR flights.
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3.2.2 FLIGHTWATCH HF Organization
3.3 INFLIGHT UPDATE OF SPFIB/AVFAX PRODUCTS

3.3.1 Pilots in receipt of NAIPS SPFIB or AVFAX briefings may quote the briefing identification
number from the top of the first page of the briefing to obtain an update to the NOTAM and the
latest meteorological information when airborne through “FLIGHTWATCH”.
3.3.2 The number is available from the first page of the briefing text.
3.3.3 This will ensure that only the route, area and location NOTAM held are updated and will
avoid repetition. For example:
FLIGHTWATCH, ALPHA BRAVO CHARLIE, REQUEST UPDATE ON SPFIB (OR AVFAX)
BRIEFING NUMBER NINER ZERO ZERO ZERO ONE (90001).
4 AERONAUTICAL FIXED TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

(AFTN)
4.1 GENERAL
4.1.1 The AFTN is established primarily for ATS unit intercommunication. However, subject to
certain provisos, the AFTN may be used to transmit messages concerning flight safety, flight reg-
ularity, reservation and general operating agency aspects. Details are available from ATS units.
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4.2 AUSTRALIAN AFTN CIRCUITRY

NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS CENTER BRISBANE — YBBBYFYX
ATS UNITS IN AUSTRAL- EXTERNAL ORGANIZATIONS
IA
Adelaide (YPAD) Australian Maritime Safety Au- (YSMO)
thority (AMSA)
Albury (YMAY) AusSAR (YSARYCYX)
Alice Springs (YBAS) Australian Transport Safety Bu- (see NOTE B)
reau (ATSB)◆
Archerfield (YBAF) Civil Aviation Safety Authority (YSCA)
(CASA)
Avalon (YMAV) Customs (YSCBCUST)
Bankstown (YSBK) Darwin District Airport Inspector (YPDNYDYX)
Brisbane (YBBB) Bureau of Meteorology (MET) (YMMC)
ACC/COM/BO/
NOF/NAIPS
Brisbane (YBBN) Airline Company Network (SITA) (WSSSSITX)
Cairns (YBCS) INTERNATIONAL CENTERS MILITARY UNITS
Camden (YSCN) Fiji I (Nadi) (NFFN) Amberley (YAM
B)
Canberra † (YSCB) Indonesia (Jakarta) (WIII) East Sale (YME
S)
Christmas I◆ (YPXM) Johannesburg (FAJS) Edinburgh (YP-
ED)
Coffs Harbour (YCFS) Nauru I (Nauru) (ANAU) Nowra (YSN
W)
Darwin † (YPDN) New Guinea (Port Moresby) (AYPY) Oakey (YBO
K)
Essendon (YMEN) New Zealand (Christchurch) (NZCH) Pearce (YPE
A)
Gold Coast YBCG Singapore I (Singapore) (WSSS) RAAF AIS (YMM
X)
Hamilton I (YBHM) Solomon Is (Honiara) (AGGH) Richmond (YS-
RI)
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NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS CENTER BRISBANE — YBBBYFYX (continued)

ATS UNITS IN AUSTRAL- EXTERNAL ORGANIZATIONS
IA
Head Office (YSHO) Salt Lake City, USA (KSLC) Tindal † (YPT
N)
Hobart (YMHB) Vanuatu (Port Vila) (NVVV) Williamtown (YWL
† M)
Jandakot (YPJT)
Launceston (YMLT)
Mackay (YBMK)
Melbourne ACC (YMMM) AIRLINE COMPANIES LEGEND
Melbourne (YMML) Japan Airlines (YBCS- †Military / civil use
JALX)
Moorabbin (YMMB) Qantas Airlines (YSSYQ- ◆Facsimile connec-
FAO) tion
Parafield (YPPF) United Airlines (YSSYUA-
LO)
Perth (YPPH) Virgin Blue YBBB-
VOZX)
Port Hedland (YPPD) NOTE:
Rockhampton (YBRK) a. There are many supplementary inter-unit AFTN circuits availa-
Sunshine Coast (YBSU) ble which are not indicated.
Sydney (YSSY) b. Messages for ATSB should be routed by fax to 61-2-6274

6434.
Tamworth (YSTW)
Townsville † (YBTL)
5 ATS DATA LINK SERVICES

5.1 GENERAL
5.1.1 FANS-1/A data link applications are operational within airspace controlled by Australian
ATC within the Melbourne (YMMM), Brisbane (YBBB), Honiara (AGGG) and Nauru (ANAU) FIRs.

5.2.1 Participating pilots must be trained in the use of data link equipment to a level approved by
the State of Registry of the operator, and the aircraft must meet all State of Registry ATC data link
requirements.
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5.2.2 A logon must be received from the aircraft before any data link connections can be initi-
ated by the ground system. The initial logon must be initiated by the pilot in accordance with com-
pany and ATS procedures.
5.2.3 To facilitate reliable Automatic Dependant Surveillance – Contract (ADS-C) monitoring,
pilots must ensure that the ADS-C application remains ARMED. Pilots must also ensure that the
ADS-C emergency mode has not been selected inadvertently.
5.3 CONTROLLER PILOT DATA LINK COMMUNICATION (CPDLC)

APPLICATION
5.3.1 In controlled airspace, CPDLC is the primary means of communications between ATC and
FANS-1/A equipped aircraft beyond the range of VHF voice. HF voice will be used as the backup
communications medium. In Class “G” airspace HF is the primary means of communication,
although controllers may initiate the use of CPDLC. The controller communicating by CPDLC
holds the responsibility for SAR and communications alerting.
5.3.2 In Australian continental airspace, CPDLC is normally used as a backup communications
medium to VHF voice. Depending on traffic loadings, controllers may initiate the use of CPDLC in
some domestic airspace sectors. Other than the transmission of position reports as described in
paragraph 5.5.1, pilots should not initiate CPDLC messaging within domestic VHF voice airspace
unless authorized to do so by the controller, or an emergency situation exists.
5.3.3 Where CPDLC is to be used as the primary means of communications, pilots will be
instructed on voice when a transfer to CPDLC is required by use of the phraseology:
“TRANSFER TO (MELBOURNE / BRISBANE) CENTER ON DATA LINK. MONITOR [frequency].”
5.3.4 To transfer an aircraft from CPDLC to voice as the primary means of communication, the
aircraft will be instructed to CONTACT the appropriate frequency.
5.3.5 When crossing a FIR boundary, the transferring unit will instruct pilots to either CONTACT
or MONITOR the next unit on the appropriate frequency. When instructed to MONITOR the next
unit, CPDLC will remain the primary means of communication.
5.3.6 Standard pre-formatted message elements must be used whenever possible. Free text
message elements should be used only when an appropriate pre-formatted message element
does not exist, or to supplement an existing pre-formatted message element. The use of free text
should be kept to a minimum.
5.3.7 To ensure correct synchronization of messages, controller / pilot dialogues opened by
voice must, whenever possible, be closed by voice. Controller / pilot dialogues opened by CPDLC
must be closed by CPDLC.
5.3.8 To avoid ambiguity, a CPDLC downlink message should not contain more than one clear-
ance request.
5.3.9 If multiple clearance requests are contained in a single downlink message and the control-
ler cannot comply with all requests, the uplink message element UNABLE will be sent as a
response to the entire message. A separate message containing a response to those requests
that can be met will then be sent by the controller.
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5.3.10 If any ambiguity exists as to the intent of a particular message, clarification must be
sought by voice.
5.3.11 A clearance issued by CPDLC requires only the appropriate CPDLC response, not a
read-back as would be required if the clearance had been delivered by voice.
5.3.12 The downlink response WILCO indicates that the pilot accepts the full terms of the entire
uplink message including any clearance or instruction.
5.3.13 The use of the STANDBY message element provides advice that the downlink request is
being assessed and a short-term delay of less than 10 minutes can be expected until a response
will be sent. The original message remains open.
5.3.14 The use of the REQUEST DEFERRED message element provides advice that the down-
link request is being assessed and a longer-term delay of greater than 10 minutes can be expec-
ted until a response will be sent. The original message remains open.
5.4 LOGON PROCEDURES

5.4.1 The logon address for the appropriate FIR is:
– Brisbane: YBBB
– Honiara: YBBB
– Nauru: YBBB
– Melbourne: YMMM
5.4.2 To avoid automatic rejection of the logon,
a. the aircraft identification and the aircraft registration contained in the logon must be identical
to the aircraft details filed in the flight plan; and
b. aircraft departing from airports either within Australia (YBBB or YMMM FIR) or the AGGG
and ANAU FIRs should not log on earlier than 45 minutes prior to the flight planned EOBT,
and
c. aircraft inbound to the YBBB, YMMM, AGGG or ANAU FIRs should not logon earlier than 45
minutes prior to the FIR boundary estimate.
5.4.3 Aircraft departing from airports either within Australia (YBBB or YMMM FIR) or the AGGG
and ANAU FIRs, requesting data link services, should logon as described below:
a. On the ground using the logon address for the FIR that the departure airport is located
within; or
b. Airborne at any time after passing 10,000 ft, using the logon address for the FIR in which the
aircraft is currently operating, with the following exceptions:
1. Aircraft approaching an FIR boundary should logon to the next unit, rather than the cur-
rent unit; and
2. Airborne aircraft departing Sydney/Bankstown should logon in accordance with the fol-
lowing table:
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Airborne aircraft departing Sydney/Bankstown

Departure track Logon address
Airborne aircraft departing on tracks south of YMMM
SY–OPTIC through west to SY–RI–MDG.
Airborne aircraft departing on tracks from SY– YBBB
RI–MDG through east to SY–OPTIC (inclusive).
NOTE: The above table applies to logons from airborne aircraft only. Aircraft logging on while on
the ground at Sydney/Bankstown must logon to YMMM.
5.4.4 When instructed to logon by voice, the pilot must read back the logon code.
5.4.5 Unless otherwise instructed, aircraft operating domestic legs between city pairs on routes
that remain within ATS surveillance system coverage should not logon for data link services.
5.4.6 The provision of Pre-Departure Clearance (PDC) via CPDLC to departing aircraft is not
currently available. For aircraft participating in PDC at Australian airports, a logon must not be ini-
tiated until after the PDC has been received.
5.4.7 Aircraft requesting data link services on entering the AGGG, ANAU, YBBB or YMMM FIRs
from a non-data link FIR should logon to the appropriate unit between 15 and 45 minutes prior to
crossing the FIR boundary. CPDLC and ADS-C connections will be established automatically by
the unit concerned.
5.4.8 For aircraft entering the AGGG, ANAU, YBBB or YMMM FIRs from a data link FIR, the
data link connections will be either transferred automatically by the Address Forwarding process,
or the transferring unit will instruct pilots to logon manually at an appropriate time / distance prior
to the FIR boundary.
5.4.9 Aircraft transiting between YBBB and YMMM FIRs will be automatically Address Forwar-
ded to the appropriate ATS unit. Aircraft departing Australian airspace (or the AGGG and ANAU
FIRs) and directly entering an adjoining data link FIR can expect to be Address Forwarded to this
FIR prior to the FIR boundary.
5.5 POSITION REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

5.5.1 A CPDLC unit downlink is required to enable the controlling unit to ensure that it is CPDLC
data authority for the aircraft. To facilitate this, pilots must send a single CPDLC position report
either:
a. whenever a new CPDLC Connection is established; or
b. on entering the YMMM, YBBB, AGGG or ANAU FIR from another unit; or
c. crossing the YMMM/YBBB FIR boundary, except that aircraft inbound to land at Sydney are
not required to report by CPDLC at the FIR boundary 45 NM from Sydney.
5.5.2 Following this initial CPDLC position report, additional CPDLC or voice position reports are
not required unless specifically requested by ATC.
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5.5.3 For non--identified aircraft, ADS--C reporting fulfils position reporting requirements. In the
event of ADS-C failure, the pilot will be instructed to resume position reporting by either voice or
CPDLC as appropriate.
5.6 CPDLC LEVEL REPORTING FOLLOWING CHANGE OF LEVEL

5.6.1 For non--identified aircraft, ADS--C reports fulfil level reporting requirements for a flight.
Where ATC requires a CPDLC report, following or during a change of level, an appropriate
instruction, will be uplinked; eg, “CLIMB TO AND MAINTAIN 370. REPORT LEVEL 370” or
“REPORT LEAVING 350”
5.6.2 Upon receipt of this CPDLC uplink, flight crews must ensure that the correct pre-formatted
downlink report is sent.
5.6.3 If no instruction to make a CPDLC report is received, the flight crew has no requirement to
report either maintaining the assigned level, or leaving the previously assigned level.
5.7 REVISION OF ESTIMATES USING CPDLC

5.7.1 Under normal circumstances, an aircraft position reporting via ADS-C is not required to
advise ATC of any revised waypoint estimates. Exceptions are:
a. revisions of greater than two (2) minutes to a previous pilot advised estimate (i.e., by voice or
CPDLC); or
b. following a pilot initiated action (e.g., speed change) resulting in an amended estimate of
greater than two (2) minutes.
5.7.2 If required, a pilot may advise a revised estimate by one of the following methods:
a. by voice report; or
b. a CPDLC position report containing the revised estimate; or
c. the CPDLC free text message, “REVISED ETA [position] [time]”.
5.8 CPDLC MESSAGE RESTRICTIONS

5.8.1 ATS will not issue uplink instructions relating to cruise climbs, or the uplink element
“CRUISE (altitude)”. Additionally, ATS will not issue uplink instructions containing the “AT PILOT
DISCRETION” element.
5.9 CPDLC CONTACT AND MONITOR MESSAGES
5.9.1 The format of the [frequency] variable in the CPDLC “CONTACT” and “MONITOR” mes-
sage elements permits the inclusion of only a single frequency. Due to this limitation, only the pri-
mary frequency will be notified to the pilot. The secondary frequency – uplinked as a free text –
will be available on request.
5.9.2 The format of the [unit name] variable in the CPDLC “CONTACT” and “MONITOR” mes-
sage elements does not support ATS unit types such as “RADIO”, or “HF”. Due to this limitation,
“CENTRE” will be used instead (i.e. “CONTACT BRISBANECENTRE13261” will be used, rather
than “CONTACT BRISBANE HF 13261”).
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5.10 CPDLC ROUTE CLEARANCES

5.10.1 On occasions, amended route clearances may be issued by CPDLC. Operators must
ensure that flight crews are familiar with the functionality associated with the display and loading
of CPDLC route clearances.
5.11 DATA LINK FAILURE

5.11.1 Pilots recognizing a failure of a CPDLC connection when CPDLC is being used as the
primary means of communication must immediately re-establish primary communications on the
appropriate voice frequency.
5.11.2 In the event of a programmed or unexpected CPDLC shutdown, ATC will advise all data
link connected aircraft to re-establish primary communications by voice. The return of the system
to an operational state may require a new logon from affected aircraft. Voice will continue to be
used as the primary means of communication until CPDLC connections are re-established and
ATC has authorized a return to data link communications.
5.12 NOTIFICATION OF EMERGENCY

5.12.1 Depending on the nature of the emergency condition experienced, pilots should notify
ATC of the circumstances by the most efficient means (voice or CPDLC).
5.12.2 If a CPDLC MAYDAY or PAN message is received by the ground system, ATC will
respond with the free text uplink message ROGER MAYDAY (or ROGER PAN). ATC will not
expect a ROGER response to the uplink until being notified that the emergency situation has
been cancelled or stabilized to the extent that messages are able to continue being exchanged (if
CPDLC is considered to be the best communications medium for the situation).
5.12.3 ATC may respond via CPDLC to a report indicating unlawful interference with the uplink
message ROGER 7500.
5.12.4 If the emergency situation no longer exists, the pilot should cancel the ADS-C emergency
mode (if activated).
6 RADIOTELEPHONY PROCEDURES
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.1.1 The communication procedures, phraseologies and requirements contained in this section
have been selected to harmonize with ICAO and international practices, where applicable. Addi-
tional phrases to supplement where ICAO is silent have been included.
6.1.2 Primary reference documents on radiotelephony are ICAO Doc 4444, Doc 9432, and
Annex 10. ATS and pilots should refer to these documents to obtain additional information as nec-
essary. Only procedures appropriate to Australia and commonly used phrases are contained in
this section.
6.1.3 Use of standard phrases for radiotelephony communication between aircraft and ground
stations is essential to avoid misunderstanding the intent of messages and to reduce the time
required for communication.
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6.1.4 Where circumstances warrant, and no phraseology is available, clear and concise plain
language should be used to indicate intentions.
6.1.5 Phraseologies contained in this section are generic, and, although primarily reflecting a
controlled airspace environment, pilots operating in Class “G” airspace should use these generic
phrases unless specific Class “G” phrases are shown.
6.2 TRANSMISSION FORMAT

6.2.1 When initiating a transmission to ATS, pilots will commence the transmission with the call-
sign of the unit being addressed, followed by the aircraft call-sign.
6.2.2 The ATS unit will respond using the station’s call-sign followed by their call-sign. In the
absence of an instruction to “STAND BY”, this response by the ATS unit is an invitation for the
aircraft calling to pass their message.
NOTE: The use of the words “GO AHEAD” is no longer considered appropriate due to the possi-
bility of misconstruing “GO AHEAD” as an authorization for an aircraft to proceed.
6.2.3 A readback of an ATS message will terminate with the aircraft’s radio call-sign.
6.3 READBACK REQUIREMENTS

6.3.1 Pilots must transmit a correct read-back of ATC clearances, instructions and information
which are transmitted by voice. For other than Item a., only key elements of the following clearan-
ces, instructions, or information must be read back ensuring sufficient detail is included to indicate
compliance:
a. an ATC route clearance in its entirety, and any amendments;
b. enroute holding instructions;
c. any route and holding point specified in a taxi clearance;
d. any clearances, conditional clearances or instructions to hold short of, enter, land on, condi-
tional line-up on, wait, take off from, cross, taxi or backtrack on, any runway;
e. any approach clearance;
f. assigned runway, altimeter settings directed to specific aircraft, radio and radio navigation
aid frequency instructions;
NOTE: An “expectation” of the runway to be used is not to be read back.
g. SSR codes, data link logon codes;
h. Level instructions, direction of turn, heading and speed instructions;
6.3.2 The controller will listen to the read-back to ascertain that the clearance or instruction has
been correctly acknowledged and will take immediate action to correct any discrepancies
revealed by the read-back.
6.3.3 Reported level figures of an aircraft must be preceded by the words “FLIGHT LEVEL”
when related to standard pressure, and may be followed by the word “FEET” when related to
QNH.
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6.4 CONDITIONAL CLEARANCES

6.4.1 In all cases, a conditional clearance will be given in the following order and consist of:
a. identification (call-sign);
b. the condition (including position of the subject of the condition);
c. the clearance; and
d. brief reiteration of the condition, eg:
ATS: “(aircraft call-sign) BEHIND A340 ON SHORT FINAL, LINE UP [RUNWAY (number)]
BEHIND”.
Pilot: “BEHIND THE A340, LINING UP [RUNWAY (number)] (aircraft call-sign)”.
6.5 ROUTE TERMINOLOGY

6.5.1 The phrase “FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE” may be used to describe any route or portion
thereof that is identical to that filed in the flight notification and sufficient routing details are given
to definitely establish the aircraft on its route.
6.6 AMENDED ROUTE OR LEVEL

6.6.1 Whenever a situation arises whereby an aircraft, in the initial clearance, is cleared on a
route and/or at a level other than that expected according to the flight notification, ATS will prefix
the route and/or level details with the term “AMENDED” to alert the pilot that the clearance is dif-
ferent to that expected, eg:
a. ATS: “(aircraft call-sign) CLEARED TO (destination) [AMENDED ROUTE] (route clearance
details) [AMENDED LEVEL] (level).”
6.6.2 The prefix “AMENDED” will not be used:
a. when an initial level for ATC traffic management purposes has been issued as part of an air-
ways clearance to an aircraft departing an active CTR – in which case “MAINTAIN” shall be
used;
b. during normal progressive climb/descent instructions.
6.6.3 When an issued airways clearance needs to be changed ATS will prefix the new route
and/or level details with the term “RECLEARED” to indicate to the pilot that a change has been
made to the previous clearance and this new clearance supersedes the previous clearance or
part thereof. The level will be stated in all clearance changes regardless of whether a change to
the initially cleared level is made or not, e.g.:
a. ATS: “(aircraft call-sign) RECLEARED [TO (destination)] [(route clearance details)] (level)”.
6.7 LANGUAGE
6.7.1 English language must be used for all air-ground RTF communications within Australian
FIRs unless use of an alternative language has been arranged with ATS prior to any specific
flight.
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6.8 PHONETIC ALPHABET

6.8.1 Radiotelephony pronunciation of the Phonetic Alphabet shall be as follows:
Letter Word Transmitted as

A ALFA AL fah
B BRAVO BRAH voh
C CHARLIE CHAR lee
D DELTA DELL tah
E ECHO ECK oh
F FOXTROT FOKS trot
G GOLF golf
H HOTEL hoh TELL
I INDIA IN dee a
J JULIET JEW lee ETT
K KILO KEY loh
L LIMA LEE mah
M MIKE mike
N NOVEMBER no VEM ber
O OSCAR OSS cah
P PAPA pah PAH
Q QUEBEC keh BECK
R ROMEO ROW me oh
S SIERRA see AIR rah
T TANGO TANG go
U UNIFORM YOU nee form
V VICTOR VICK tah
W WHISKEY WISS key
X X-RAY ECKS RAY
Y YANKEE YANG key
Z ZULU ZOO loo
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6.9 NUMERALS
6.9.1 Radiotelephony pronunciation of numbers shall be in the phonetic form as follows:
Number or Numeral Element Pronunciation

0 ZERO
1 WUN
2 TOO
3 TREE
4 FOW-er
5 FIFE
6 SIX
7 SEV-en
8 AIT
9 NINer
Decimal DAY-SEE-MAL
Hundred HUN-dred
Thousand TOU-SAND
6.10 TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS

6.10.1 All numbers used in the transmission of altitude, cloud height, visibility and runway visual
range (RVR) information, which contain whole hundreds and whole thousands, must be transmit-
ted by pronouncing each digit in the number of hundreds or thousands followed by the word HUN-
DRED or THOUSAND as appropriate, e.g.:
ALTITUDES
800 “EIGHT HUNDRED”
1500 “ONE THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED”
6715 “SIX SEVEN ONE FIVE”
10,000 “ONE ZERO THOUSAND”
CLOUD HEIGHT
2200 “TWO THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED”
4300 “FOUR THOUSAND THREE HUNDRED”
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VISIBILITY
200 “TWO HUNDRED”
1500 “ONE THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED”
3000 “THREE THOUSAND”
RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE

700 “SEVEN HUNDRED”
6.10.2 All other numbers must be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately, e.g.:
FLIGHT LEVELS
FL180 “FLIGHT LEVEL ONE EIGHT ZERO”
FL200 “FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ZERO ZERO”
HEADINGS
150 “ONE FIVE ZERO”
080 “ZERO EIGHT ZERO”
300 “THREE ZERO ZERO”
WIND DIRECTION
020° “ZERO TWO ZERO DEGREES”
100° “ONE ZERO ZERO DEGREES”
210° “TWO ONE ZERO DEGREES”
WIND SPEEDS
70 kt “SEVEN ZERO KNOTS”
18 kt, gusting 30 “ONE EIGHT KNOTS GUSTING THREE ZERO”
MACH NUMBER
0.84 “DECIMAL EIGHT FOUR”
ALTIMETER SETTING
1000 ONE ZERO ZERO ZERO
1027 “ONE ZERO TWO SEVEN”
29.95 “TWO NINE DECIMAL NINE FIVE”
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RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE

350 “THREE FIVE ZERO”
NOTE: For the transmission of numbers in aircraft call signs, refer to paragraph titled Flight
Number Call Signs.
6.11 TIME
6.11.1 Australia uses Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) for all operations. The term “Zulu” is
used when ATC procedures require a reference to UTC, e.g.:
0920 UTC “ZERO NINE TWO ZERO ZULU”

0115 UTC “ZERO ONE ONE FIVE ZULU”
6.11.2 To convert from Standard Time to Coordinated Universal Time:
Eastern Standard Time Subtract 10 hours

Central Standard Time Subtract 9.5 hours
Western Standard Time Subtract 8 hours.
NOTE: Daylight Saving is not applied universally across Australia.

6.11.3 The 24-hour clock system is used in radiotelephone transmissions. The hour is indicated
by the first two figures and the minutes by the last two figures, e.g.:
0001 “ZERO ZERO ZERO ONE”

1920 “ONE NINE TWO ZERO”
6.11.4 Time may be stated in minutes only (two figures) in radiotelephony communications
when no misunderstanding is likely to occur.
6.11.5 Current time in use at a station is stated to the nearest minute in order that pilots may
use this information for time checks.
6.11.6 Control towers will state the time to the nearest half minute when issuing a taxi clearance
to a departing aircraft, e.g.:
0925:10 “TIME, TWO FIVE”

0932:20 “TIME, THREE TWO AND A HALF”
2145:50 “TIME, FOUR SIX”.
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6.12 STANDARD WORDS AND PHRASES

6.12.1 The following words and phrases are to be used in radiotelephony communications, as
appropriate, and have the meaning given.
ACKNOWLEDGE — Let me know that you received and understood this message.
AFFIRM — Yes.
APPROVED — Permission for proposed action granted.
BREAK — I hereby indicate the separation between portions of the message (to be used where
there is no clear distinction between the text and other portions of the message).
BREAK BREAK — I hereby indicate the separation between messages transmitted to different
aircraft in a very busy environment.
CANCEL — Annul the previously transmitted clearance.
CHECK — Examine a system or procedure (no answer is normally expected).
CLEARED — Authorized to proceed under the conditions specified.
CONFIRM — Have I correctly received the following ...? or, Did you correctly receive this mes-
sage?
CONTACT — Establish radio contact with ....
CORRECT — That is correct.
CORRECTION — An error has been made in this transmission (or message indicated). The cor-
rect version is ....
DISREGARD — Consider that transmission as not sent.
HOW DO YOU READ? — What is the readability of my transmission? The readability scale is:
1. Unreadable
2. Readable now and then
3. Readable but with difficulty
4. Readable
5. Perfectly readable
I SAY AGAIN — I repeat for clarity or emphasis.
MAYDAY — My aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger and/or I
require immediate assistance.
MAINTAIN — Continue in accordance with the condition(s) specified or in its literal sense, e.g.
“Maintain VFR”.
MONITOR — Listen out on (frequency).
NEGATIVE — “No” or “Permission not granted” or “That is not correct”.
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OVER — My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you (not normally used in VHF
communication).
OUT — My transmission is ended and I expect no response from you (not normally used in VHF
communication).
PAN PAN — I have an urgent message to transmit concerning the safety of my aircraft or other
vehicle or of some person on board or within sight but I do not require immediate assistance.
READ BACK — Repeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as received.
RECLEARED — A change has been made to your last clearance, and this new clearance super-
sedes your previous clearance or part thereof.
REPORT — Pass me the following information.
REQUEST — I should like to know or I wish to obtain
ROGER — I have received all of your last transmission (under NO circumstances to be used in
reply to a question requiring READ BACK or a direct answer in the affirmative or negative).
SAY AGAIN — Repeat all, or the following part, of your last transmission.
SPEAK SLOWER — Reduce your rate of speech.
STAND BY — Wait and I will call you.
VERIFY — Check and confirm with originator.
WILCO — I understand your message and will comply with it.
WORDS TWICE — As information: Since communication is difficult, every word or group of
words, in this message will be sent twice.
— As a request: Communication is difficult. Please send every word, or group of words, twice;
6.13 GROUND STATION CALL SIGNS

6.13.1 ATS Call Signs
6.13.1.1 ATS units are identified by the name of the location followed by the service available as
follows:
– CENTER — Enroute area control, including SIS and FIS.
– APPROACH — Approach control where provided as a separate function.
– DEPARTURES — Departure control where provided as a separate function.
– FINAL / DIRECTOR — Surveillance control providing vectors onto final approach.
– TOWER — Aerodrome control or aerodrome and approach control where these services are
provided from an aerodrome control tower, e.g., Coffs Harbour.
– GROUND — Surface movement control.
– DELIVERY — Clearance delivery to departing aircraft.
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– RADAR — Surveillance Information service (SIS), where provided as a separate function in ter-
minal areas.
– FLIGHTWATCH — Flight Information Service.
6.13.1.2 The name of the location or the service may be omitted provided that satisfactory com-
munication has been established.
6.14 AIRCRAFT CALL-SIGNS

6.14.1 Improper use of call-signs can result in pilots executing a clearance intended for another
aircraft. Call signs should never be abbreviated on an initial contact or at any time when other air-
craft call-signs have similar numbers / sounds or identical letters / numbers, e.g.: CHARLIE
WHISKEY ZULU – WHISKEY CHARLIE ZULU.
6.14.2 Pilots must be certain that aircraft identification is complete and clearly identified before
taking action on an ATC clearance. ATS will not abbreviate call-signs of air carrier or other civil
aircraft having authorized call-signs. ATS may initiate abbreviated call-signs of other aircraft by
using the prefix and the last three digits / letters of the aircraft identification after communications
are established. The pilot may use the abbreviated call-sign in subsequent contact with ATS.
When aware of similar / identical call-signs, ATS will take action to minimize errors by:
a. emphasizing certain numbers / letters,
b. repeating the entire call-sign, eg QANTAS451 QANTAS451, or
c. repeating the prefix, eg QANTAS451 QANTAS, or
d. asking pilots to use a different call-sign, either temporarily or for the duration of the flight.
Pilots should use the phrase “VERIFY CLEARANCE FOR (complete call-sign)” if doubt exists
concerning proper identity.
6.14.3 Civil aircraft pilots may state the aircraft type, model or manufacturer’s name, followed by
the digits / letters of the registration number, e.g.:
Bonanza CHARLIE ALPHA ECHO Cherokee ALPHA BRAVO CHARLIE.
6.15 FLIGHT NUMBER CALL-SIGNS — USING GROUP FORM

6.15.1 Within Australian airspace “group form” is the preferred means of transmitting call-sign/
flight number. Group form should also be used with military and other aircraft using a rootword
call-sign with numeric suffix.
6.15.2 Group form is the grouping of numbers into pairs, or where a number ending in “00” is
spoken in hundreds (refer to Selection of Aircraft Identification Numbers and Suffixes). For three
digit numbers, the second and third numbers are grouped. Examples are as follows:
QLINK 122 QLINK ONE TWENTY TWO

QANTAS 1220 QANTAS TWELVE TWENTY
CAR 21 CAR TWENTY ONE
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CLASSIC 12 CLASSIC TWELVE

VIRGIN 702 VIRGIN SEVEN ZERO TWO
BIRDOG 021 BIRDOG ZERO TWENTY ONE
6.15.3 Pilots and ATS should be aware that the preference to use “group form” does not invalid-
ate any transmissions made in conventional formats. However, to retain the integrity in the com-
munication between ATS and operators, the identification format used should be consistent.
6.15.4 A pilot not using “group form” in establishing communication, but subsequently
addressed by ATS in this format, should adopt the use of “group form” for the remainder of the
flight in Australian airspace.
6.15.5 There is no additional abbreviated form when using flight number call-signs. The airline
designator and all digits of the call-sign, including leading zeros, must be pronounced.
6.1.6
6.16 SELECTION OF AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS AND
SUFFIXES
6.16.1 When selecting an aircraft identification number or call-sign suffix, operators should avoid
using numbers that correlate with:
a. ending in “zero” or “five”, to avoid confusion with headings;
b. potential level utilization (eg. 3000, 500, 350 etc);
c. emergency codes (eg. 7600, 7700 etc) and
d. numerical aircraft types (eg. 767, 330 etc).
6.16.2 Flight numbers and call-sign suffix numbers should be limited to 2 or 3 characters and
take into account flight numbers already in use by the operator and other agencies in the intended
control environment, operational area or nearby.
6.17 GROUND VEHICLES

6.17.1 Ground vehicles shall be identified by the type of vehicle; e.g., car, truck, tractor, tug,
etc., or an ATS approved format, followed by the assigned vehicle number spoken in group form.
e.g.:
TRUCK 12 “TRUCK TWELVE”

CAR 23 “CAR TWENTY THREE”.
6.18 INTERCHANGE AND LEASED AIRCRAFT

6.18.1 Controllers issue traffic information based on familiarity with airline equipment and color /
markings. When an airline dispatches a flight using another company’s aircraft and the pilot does
not advise the terminal ATC facility, the possible confusion in aircraft identification can compro-
mise safety.
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6.18.2 Pilots flying an “interchange” or “leased” aircraft, not bearing the normal colors / markings
of the company operating the aircraft, should inform the terminal ATC facility (on first contact) of
the name of the operating company and aircraft call-sign, followed by the company name as dis-
played on the aircraft, and aircraft type, e.g., ANSETT THREE ELEVEN, AIR NEW ZEALAND
INTERCHANGE (or LEASE), BOEING SEVEN FOUR SEVEN.
6.19 UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

6.19.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) should select identification based on the aircraft manu-
facturer or model using a maximum of three syllables. Numbers may be added. UAV flight plan
identification is detailed in ENR 1.10 APPENDIX 2.
6.19.2 Communications on any frequency must use the prefix “UNMANNED” before the call-
sign. When the UAV operation is conducted in controlled airspace ATC may vary this requirement
after initial contact.
6.20 CALL-SIGNS — FULL AND ABBREVIATED FORMATS

6.20.1 When establishing 2-way communications and for subsequent communications on any
frequency, Australian registered aircraft must use one of the following call-signs:
a. for VH-registered aircraft, the last 3 characters of the registration marking (eg VH-TQK
“TANGO QUEBEC KILO”); or
b. the approved telephony designator of the aircraft operating agency, followed by the last 3
characters of a VH registration marking (eg “QLINK TANGO QUEBEC KILO”); or
c. the approved telephony designator of the aircraft operating agency, followed by the flight
identification (eg “VIRGIN EIGHT FIFTY SIX DELTA”); or
d. for recreation-category aircraft, the aircraft type followed by the last 4 characters of the air-
craft’s registration number (eg “JABIRU THIRTEEN FORTY SIX”).
6.20.2 When establishing 2-way communications on any frequency, foreign registered aircraft
must use one of the following call-signs:
a. the characters corresponding to the registration marking of the aircraft (eg N35826 “NOVEM-
BER THREE FIFTY EIGHT TWENTY SIX”); or
b. the approved telephony designator of the aircraft operating agency, followed by the last 4
characters of the registration marking of the aircraft (eg “UNITED FIFTY EIGHT TWENTY
SIX”); or
c. the approved telephony designator of the aircraft operating agency, followed by the flight
identification (eg “SPEEDBIRD FIFTY FIVE”).
NOTE: The name of the aircraft manufacturer or aircraft model may be used as a radiotelephony
prefix to the call-sign type mentioned in sub-para 6.20.2a.
6.20.3 For foreign registered aircraft, after establishing 2-way communications, ATS may initiate
abbreviated call-signs for the type stated in 6.20.2a and 6.20.2b. These call-signs may be abbre-
viated to:
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a. the first character of the registration and at least the last 2 characters of the registration
marking (eg N35826 “NOVEMBER EIGHT TWENTY SIX”).
b. the telephony designator of the aircraft operating agency, followed by at least the last 2 char-
acters of the registration marking (eg “UNITED TWENTY SIX”).
NOTE: For flight planning, all call-signs are limited to 7 characters.
6.20.4 In addition to the requirements of 6.20.1 to 6.20.3, the prefix “HELICOPTER” must be
used by rotary wing aircraft when first establishing 2-way communications on any frequency (eg
VH-WSO “HELICOPTER WHISKY SIERRA OSCAR”).
6.21 REGISTRATION OF RADIOTELEPHONY DESIGNATORS

6.21.1 Operators wishing to use flight number call-signs must obtain approval from Airservices
Australia. In the first instance, the operator should contact the appointment listed at para 6.22 and
provide:
a. three options for the telephony designator, including an indication of the operator’s preferred
option; and
b. three options for a two or three letter designator.
NOTE: Airservices Australia approves two letter designators and associated telephony only
for use within the Australian FIR. Three letter designators and associated telephony are
approved for international use both by Airservices Australia and ICAO, and are published
within ICAO Doc 8585.
6.21.2 When requesting approval of telephony and two or three letter designators, operators
should adhere to the following rules:
a. The telephony designator should resemble the name of the aircraft operating agency or its
function, and be distinct and dissimilar from any other telephony designators in use (eg,
HORIZON).
b. The two or three letter designator should reflect correlation with the telephony designator
(eg, HZA).
c. In order to reduce the length of transmission, the telephony designator should be brief and
comprising, if possible, one word of two or three syllables.
d. In order to reduce ATC screen clutter, approved two letter designators should be used for
6.21.3 Once requests have been processed, Airservices Australia will notify the operator in writ-
ing of the approval along with an effective date. Approvals will be subject to the operator agreeing
to the use of group form.
NOTE: Effective dates usually align with the AIP Book amendment AIRAC date.
6.22 APPROVALS CONTACT INFORMATION

6.22.1 Requests for approval to use flight number call-signs, or for more information, should be
directed to:
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ATS Integrity
Safety and Assurance
GPO Box 367
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Fax: +61-7-3866 3336
E-Mail: ats.assurance@airservicesaustralia.com
6.23 CALL-SIGNS — SPECIAL TASK OPERATIONS

6.23.1 Aircraft engaged in special task operations, and with the agreement of ATS, may use a
call-sign indicative of the nature of the task, with a numerical suffix (if applicable), e.g.:
Radio Telephony Designator

Type of Operation Flight Plan Designator
(Call-sign)
Police POLAIR POL
Police (Priority) POLAIR RED POLR
Federal Police FEDPOL FPL
Federal Police (Priority) FEDPOL RED FPLR
Ambulance AMBULANCE AM
Rescue Mission RESCUE RSCU
Fire Intelligence Gathering FIRESPOTTER SPTR
Coordination of Firebombing BIRDOG BDOG
Aircraft
Fire Bombing BOMBER BMBR
General Fire Support Tasks FIREBIRD FBIR
(light rotary)
General Fire Support tasks HELITACK HLTK
(medium rotary)
Remote Sensing Fire Oper- FIRESCAN FSCN
ations
NSW Parks and Wildlife PARKAIR PKAR
Service
Aerial Survey SURVEY SVY
Television Media Operations TEE VEE TV
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6.23.2 Call-sign suffix numbers are allocated as follows:

– NSW/ACT — commencing with 2 (eg. 201, 214, 223);
– VIC — commencing with 3;
– QLD — commencing with 4;
– SA — commencing with 5;
– WA — commencing with 6;
– TAS — commencing with 7;
– NT — commencing with 8.
– Defense — Commencing with 9
Use of these numbers will ensure aircraft transiting state borders utilizing the same call-sign prefix
do not duplicate an existing call-sign suffix number or flight plan.
7 PHRASEOLOGIES
7.1 GENERAL
7.1.1 Symbols and Parentheses
7.1.1.1 Words in parentheses “( )” indicate that specific information, such as a level, a place, a
time, etc., must be inserted to complete the phrase, or alternatively, that optional phrases may be
used. Words in brackets “[ ]” indicate optional additional words or information that may be neces-
sary in specific instances.
7.1.1.2 The following symbols indicate phraseologies which may differ from those used in an
international aviation environment, but are necessitated by Australian requirements.
◆ Unique to Australia (ICAO silent)

⋆ Military specific phraseologies
7.1.2 Phraseologies show the text of message components without call-signs. They are not
intended to be exhaustive, and when circumstances differ, pilots, ATS and Air Defence personnel,
and other ground personnel will be expected to use appropriate subsidiary phraseologies which
should be clear, concise, and designed to avoid any possible confusion.
7.1.3 For convenience, the phraseologies are grouped according to types of air traffic service.
However, users should be familiar with, and use as necessary, phraseologies from groups other
than those referring specifically to the type of air traffic service being provided. All phraseologies
must be used in conjunction with call-signs (aircraft, ground vehicle, ATC or other) as appropriate.
7.1.4 Phraseologies for the movement of vehicles, other than tow-tractors on the maneuvering
area, are not listed separately as the phraseology associated with the movement of aircraft is
applicable. The exception is for taxi instructions, in which case the word “PROCEED” shall be
substituted for the word “TAXI” when communicating with vehicles.
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7.2 TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS),

SAFETY ALERTS AND AVOIDING ACTION
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
(Pilot transmissions in bold type)
LEVEL CHANGES, REPORTS / RATES
– a flight crew starts to deviate from any ATC a. TCAS RA
clearance or instruction to comply with an
b. ROGER
ACAS resolution advisory (RA) (pilot and con-
troller interchange) c. CLEAR OF CONFLICT RETURNING
TO (assigned clearance)
– after the response to an ACAS RA is comple-
ted and a return to the ATC clearance or in- d. ROGER (or alternative instructions)
struction is initiated (pilot and controller inter- e. CLEAR OF CONFLICT (assigned
change) clearance) RESUMED
– after the response to an ACAS RA is comple- f. ROGER (or alternative instructions)
ted and the assigned ATC clearance or instruc-
tion has been resumed (pilot and controller in- g. UNABLE TO COMPLY, TCAS RA
terchange) h. ROGER
– after an ATC clearance or instruction contra-
dictory to the ACAS RA is received, the flight
crew will follow the RA and inform ATC directly
(pilot and controller interchange)
SAFETY ALERT SAFETY ALERT (followed by) –
– low altitude warning a. LOW ALTITUDE WARNING, CHECK
YOUR ALTITUDE IMMEDIATELY, QNH
IS (number) [(units)]. [THE MINIMUM
SAFE ALTITUDE IS (altitude)].
– terrain alert b. TERRAIN ALERT, CHECK YOUR ALTI-
TUDE IMMEDIATELY (suggested pilot
action if possible)
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– traffic alert c. TRAFFIC (number) MILES OPPOSITE
DIRECTION/CROSSING LEFT TO
RIGHT/ RIGHT TO LEFT (level informa-
tion).
– avoiding Action advice – surveillance airspace d. AVOIDING ACTION, [SUGGEST] TURN
LEFT/RIGHT IMMEDIATELY HEADING
(three digits) TRAFFIC ([LEFT/RIGHT]
number) O’CLOCK (distance) MILES
OPPOSITE DIRECTION/CROSSING
LEFT TO RIGHT/RIGHT TO LEFT (level
information).
e. AVOIDING ACTION, [SUGGEST]
CLIMB/ DESCEND IMMEDIATELY TO
(level) TRAFFIC [LEFT/RIGHT] (num-
ber) O’CLOCK (distance) MILES OPPO-
SITE DIRECTION/CROSSING LEFT TO
RIGHT/RIGHT TO LEFT (level informa-
tion).
NOTE: Where clock codes are used to pro-
vide the relative bearing, the prefix left/right is
optional.
7.3 STATUS OF RESTRICTED AREAS
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– When in use: a. RESTRICTED AREA (number) ACTIVE,
followed by:
– RA1 or RA2 ◆ CLEARANCE REQUIRED; or
◆ AVAILABLE FOR TRANSIT; or
◆ AVAILABLE UNTIL TIME (time); or
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– RA1, RA2 or RA3 ◆ CLEARANCE NOT AVAILABLE; or
◆ RELEASED TO (civil ATS unit); or
◆ ... (other qualification as appropriate)
– Unauthorized deviation into active restricted b. HAZARDOUS ACTIVITIES ARE OC-
area CURRING, UNABLE TO ISSUE
CLEARANCE PROCEED AT YOUR
OWN RISK
7.4 EMERGENCY DESCENT
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
(Pilot transmission in bold type)
a. EMERGENCY DESCENT (intentions)
b. EMERGENCY DESCENT AT (signifi-
cant point or location) ALL AIRCRAFT
BELOW (level) WITHIN (distance) OF
(significant point or navigation aid)
[LEAVE IMMEDIATELY] [(SPECIFIC IN-
STRUCTIONS AS TO DIRECTION,
HEADING OR TRACK, ETC)]
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7.5 SARWATCH
7.5.1 SARTIME
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
SARTIME nomination a. SARTIMEdetails
b. STANDBY or (callsign)
c. SARTIME FOR DEPARTURE (or AR-
RIVAL)[location] (time)
SARTIME cancellation a. SARTIME details
b. STANDBY or (callsign)
c. (position/location) CANCEL SARTIME
SARTIME amendment a. SARTIMEdetails
b. STAND BY or (callsign)
c. As required, including specific phrases
nominated above if applicable.
7.5.2 SARWATCH Other than SARTIME
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
DEPARTURE REPORTS
– to initiate a SARWATCH when communication ◆ AIRBORNE (location)
on the ground is not available
FLIGHT & ARRIVAL REPORTS a. ◆ (position) CANCEL SARWATCH
– form of acknowledgment to CANCEL SAR- [ADVISE (unit) if appropriate]
WATCH b. ◆ SARWATCH CANCELED [WILCO
– when the ATS unit accepting the arrival report (unit)]
is other than the unit addressed c. ◆ [location] SARWATCH TERMINATED
d. ◆ ROGER (identity of unit acknowledg-
ing)
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7.6 GENERAL PHRASES
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
DESCRIPTION OF LEVELS 1. FLIGHT LEVEL (number) or
(subsequently referred to as “level”) 2. (number) [FEET]
LEVEL INSTRUCTIONS 1. CLIMB (or DESCEND) followed as nec-
essary by:
– when there is an expectation that the aircraft
will maintain the level or to eliminate confusion, – TO (level)
the instruction “AND MAINTAIN” shall be inclu- – TO AND MAINTAIN (level)
ded
– TO REACH (level) AT (or BY) (time or
significant point)
– TO (level) REPORT LEAVING (or
REACHING or PASSING or AP-
PROACHING) (level)
– AT (number) FEET PER MINUTE
[MINIMUM (or MAXIMUM)]
– when rate is required to be in accordance with – AT STANDARD RATE
“STANDARD RATE” specifications
– when advising expectation of a level require- 2. EXPECT A REQUIREMENT TO REACH
ment (level) BY (time or position) followed as
necessary by 1
3. STEP CLIMB (or DESCENT) (aircraft
identification) ABOVE (or BENEATH)
YOU
4. REQUEST LEVEL CHANGE FROM
(name of unit) AT (time or significant
point)
5. STOP CLIMB (or DESCENT) AT (level)
6. CONTINUE CLIMB (or DESCENT) TO
[AND MAINTAIN] (level)
7. EXPEDITE CLIMB (or DESCENT) [UN-
TIL PASSING (level)]
8. EXPECT CLIMB (or DESCENT) AT
(time or location)
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– pilot requesting a change of level 9. REQUEST CLIMB (or DESCENT) [AT
time or location)] [TO (level)]
– to require action at a specific time or place 10. IMMEDIATELY
11. AFTER PASSING (significant point)
12. AT (time or significant point)
– to require action when convenient 13. WHEN READY (instruction)
– when a pilot is unable to comply with a clear- 14. UNABLE TO COMPLY
ance or instruction
– when a descent clearance is issued in relation 15. ◆ DESCEND TO (level) NOT BELOW
to the DME steps DME STEPS
– when a pilot is assigned and required to main- 16. ◆ (MAINTAIN SEPARATION WITH or
tain separation with a sighted aircraft PASS BEHIND or FOLLOW) (aircraft
type or identification) [instructions or re-
striction]
– pilot reporting aircraft is not RVSM-approved
when requesting clearance into, transit
through, or flight level change within, the
RVSM flight level band (FL290 to FL410 inclu- 17. (level or requested level) NEGATIVE
sive); or RVSM (reason if applicable)
– pilot reporting failure of mandatory equipment
that renders the aircraft no longer RVSM com-
pliant.
– ATC requesting confirmation of navigation ap- 18. ◆ CONFIRM (approval) APPROVED
proval. 19. ◆ AFFIRM (or NEGATIVE) (approval)
– pilot of IFR flight requests to climb/descend 20. REQUEST VFR CLIMB (or DESCENT)
VFR. [TO (level)]
21. CLIMB (or DESCEND) VFR TO (level)
– IFR separation is available for part of the climb/ 22. CLIMB (or DESCEND) [TO (assigned
descent. level)] followed as necessary by:
– CLIMB (or DESCEND) [VFR BE-
TWEEN (level) AND (level)]
– CLIMB (or DESCEND) VFR BELOW
(or ABOVE) (level)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
MAINTENANCE OF SPECIFIED LEVELS MAINTAIN (level) [TO (significant point)]
[condition]
NOTE: The term “MAINTAIN” must not be used
in lieu of “DESCEND” or “CLIMB” when instruct-
ing an aircraft to change level
USE OF BLOCK LEVELS 1. ◆ REQUEST BLOCK LEVEL (level) TO
(level)
2. ◆ CLIMB (or DESCEND) TO AND
MAINTAIN BLOCK (level) TO (level)
– established in the level range 3. ◆ MAINTAIN BLOCK (level) TO (level)
– canceling block level clearance 4. ◆ CANCEL BLOCK CLEARANCE
CLIMB (or DESCEND) TO AND MAIN-
TAIN (level)
SPECIFICATION OF CRUISING LEVELS 1. CROSS (significant point) AT (or
ABOVE or BELOW) (level)
2. CROSS (significant point) AT (time) OR
LATER (or BEFORE) AT (level)
– reply to cruise climb request 3. CRUISE CLIMB NOT AVAILABLE (rea-
son)
– where an aircraft operation requires random
climb and descent at and below (or at and 4. ◆ OPERATE NOT ABOVE (or BELOW)
above) a specific level (level)
– termination of Control Services 5. CONTROL SERVICE TERMINATED
[DUE (reason)]
7.7 FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT

NOTE: For aircraft in the heavy or super wake turbulence categories, the word ”SUPER” or
“HEAVY” shall be included immediately after the aircraft call-sign in the initial radiotelephony con-
tact with the approach control unit or aerodrome control tower on departure and arrival.
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
TRANSFER OF CONTROL AND/OR FRE- 1. CONTACT (unit call sign) (frequency)
QUENCY CHANGE 2. (frequency)
NOTE: An aircraft may be requested to “STAND 3. AT (or OVER) (time or place) CONTACT
BY” on a frequency when the intention is that the (unit call sign) (frequency)
ATS unit will initiate communications, and to
“MONITOR” a frequency when information is be- 4. IF NO CONTACT (instructions)
ing broadcast thereon. 5. REQUEST CHANGE TO (frequency)
(service)
6. FREQUENCY CHANGE APPROVED
7. MONITOR (unit call sign) (frequency)
8. MONITORING (frequency)
9. REMAIN THIS FREQUENCY
10. STAND BY FOR (unit call sign) (fre-
quency)
– an IFR pilot changing to the CTAF 11. ◆ CHANGING TO (location) CTAF (fre-
quency)
– a pilot contacting next frequency when on a 12. HEADING (as previously assigned)
heading
– when a pilot / ATC broadcasts general informa- 13. ALL STATIONS (appropriate informa-
tion tion)
– when a pilot broadcasts location specific gen- 14. ◆ (location) TRAFFIC (appropriate in-
eral information formation) (location)
FLIGHTS CONTACTING APPROACH CON- 1. ◆ (distance) MILES [DME] [RADIAL
TROL (VOR radial)] or (compass quadrant
– not identified or procedural tower from aerodrome, e.g., SOUTH /
SOUTHEAST, etc.) followed as neces-
sary by:
– MAINTAINING (or DESCENDING) TO
(level)
– if visual approach can be made – VISUAL
CHANGE OF CALL SIGN
1. CHANGE YOUR CALL SIGN TO (new
– to instruct an aircraft to change call sign call sign) [UNTIL FURTHER ADVISED]
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– to advise an aircraft to revert to the call sign in- 2. REVERT TO FLIGHT PLAN CALL SIGN
dicated in the flight notification to ATS (call sign) [AT (significant point)]
AFTER LANDING 1. CONTACT GROUND [frequency]
2. WHEN VACATED CONTACT GROUND
[frequency]
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
TRAFFIC INFORMATION
– pilot request for traffic information 1. REQUEST TRAFFIC
– to pass traffic information 2. ◆ NO REPORTED [IFR] TRAFFIC
3. [IFR] TRAFFIC (relevant information)
[REPORT SIGHTING]
4. [ADDITIONAL] [IFR] TRAFFIC (direc-
tion) BOUND (type of aircraft) (level) ES-
TIMATED (or OVER) (significant point)
AT (time)
– to acknowledge traffic information 5. LOOKING
6. TRAFFIC IN SIGHT
7. NEGATIVE CONTACT [reasons]
– interception of relevant traffic information trans- 8. ◆ COPIED (call sign of traffic inter-
mitted by other aircraft or ATS facility cepted)
ADVICE OF MILITARY AIRCRAFT CONDUCT- ◆ ABRUPT VERTICAL MANEUVERS AT
ING ABRUPT VERTICAL MANEUVERS (position) UP TO (level)
ADVICE TO MILITARY LOW JET OPERA- ◆ MILITARY LOW JET OPERATIONS (rele-
TIONS KNOWN TO BE TAKING PLACE vant information)
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7.9 METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS 1. [THRESHOLD] WIND (number) DE-
GREES (number) KNOTS
NOTE: Wind is always expressed by giving the
mean direction and speed and any significant 2. WIND AT (height / altitude / flight level)
variations. (number) DEGREES (number) KNOTS
3. WIND AT UP WIND END (number) DE-
GREES (number) KNOTS
4. VISIBILITY (distance) [direction]
5. RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR) or
RUNWAY VISIBILITY (RV) [RUNWAY
(number)] (distance) (for RV assess-
ments – ASSESSED AT TIME (mi-
nutes))
During RVR/RV operations where an assessment 6. RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR) or
is not available or not reported. RUNWAY VISIBILITY (RV) [RUNWAY
(number)] NOT AVAILABLE (or NOT
REPORTED).
Where multiple RVR/RV observations are made. 7. RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR) or
RUNWAY VISIBILITY (RV) RUNWAY
NOTE 1: Multiple RVR/RV observations are al-
(number) (first position) (distance)
ways representative of the touchdown zone, mid-
(units), (second position) (distance)
point zone and the roll-out/stop end zone, re-
(units), (third position) (distance) (units)
spectively.
(for RV assessments – ASSESSED AT
NOTE 2: Where reports for three locations are TIME (minutes))
given, the indication of these locations may be
8. RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (RVR) or
omitted, provided that the reports are passed in
RUNWAY VISIBILITY (RV) RUNWAY
the order of touchdown zone, followed by the
(number) (first position) (distance)
midpoint zone and ending with the roll-out/stop
(units), (second position) NOT AVAILA-
end zone report. When RVR/RV information on
BLE, (third position) (distance) (units)
any one position is not available, this information
(for RV assessments – ASSESSED AT
will be included in the appropriate sequence.
TIME (minutes))
9. PRESENT WEATHER (details)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
NOTE: CAVOK pronounced CAV-O-KAY 10. CLOUD (amount, [type] and height of
base) (or SKY CLEAR)
11. CAVOK
12. TEMPERATURE [MINUS] (number)
(and/or DEWPOINT [MINUS] (number))
13. QNH (number) [units]
– unless responding to a request for turbulence 14. MODERATE [or SEVERE] ICING (or
or icing information TURBULENCE) [IN CLOUD] (area)
15. REPORT FLIGHT CONDITIONS
16. ◆ IMC (or VMC)
7.10 REPORTS AND INFORMATION
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
POSITION REPORTING NEXT REPORT AT (significant point)
NOTE: Phrases for use in enroute position and
MET reports are listed in the Meteorology Section
— Meteorology Reports and Advisories
ADDITIONAL REPORTS 1. REPORT PASSING (significant point)
– to request a report at a specified place or dis- 2. REPORT [GNSS] (distance) FROM
tance (name of DME station) DME (or refer-
ence point)
3. REPORT PASSING (three digits) RADI-
AL (name of VOR) VOR
– to request a report of present position 4. REPORT DISTANCE FROM (significant
point)
5. REPORT DISTANCE FROM (name of
DME station) DME
– when descending a non-DME equipped aircraft 6. ◆ REPORT PASSING CONTROL AREA
to LSALT above CTA steps STEPS FOR FURTHER DESCENT
– the pilot will give this only when satisfied that 7. ◆ INSIDE (distance of a CTA step as
the CTA step has been passed, allowing for shown on Enroute Charts) MILES
navigational tolerances
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CIRCUMSTANCES
AERODROME INFORMATION 1. RUNWAY (number) (condition)
2. LANDING SURFACE (condition)
3. CAUTION (WORK IN PROGRESS)
(OBSTRUCTION) (position and any nec-
essary advice)
4. BRAKING ACTION REPORTED BY (air-
craft type) AT (time) GOOD (or MEDIUM
or POOR)
5. RUNWAY (or TAXIWAY) WET [or
DAMP, WATER PATCHES, FLOODED
(depth)]
INFORMATION TO AIRCRAFT 1. CAUTION
– wake turbulence – WAKE TURBULENCE
– jet blast on apron or taxiway – JET BLAST
– propeller-driven aircraft slipstream – SLIPSTREAM
– helicopter downwash – DOWNWASH
– Pilot initiation waiver of wake turbulence sepa- 1. ◆ ACCEPT WAIVER
ration standards
– Notification by pilot of approved GPS failing to 1. ◆ RAIM FAILURE
meet RAIM requirements for navigation
– Notification by pilot of approved GPS resuming 2. ◆ RAIM RESTORED
operation with RAIM
– GNSS status 1. CONFIRM NAVIGATION GNSS
7.11 CLEARANCES
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
CLEARANCES 1. REQUEST CLEARANCE
2. CLEARED TO
– If the route and/or level issued in the initial air- 3. CLEARED TO (destination) [AMENDED
ways clearance is not in accordance with the ROUTE] (route clearance details)
flight Plan [AMENDED LEVEL] (level)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
– If an airways clearance is amended en route 4. RECLEARED [TO (destination)] [(route
clearance details)] (level)
– when the clearance is relayed by a third party, 5. (name of unit) CLEARS (aircraft identifi-
e.g., pilot / FLIGHTWATCH (ATC excepted) cation)
– when clearance will be issued subject to a de- 6. REMAIN OUTSIDE CLASS (airspace
lay class) [AND (airspace class)] AIR-
SPACE AND STANDBY
– when clearance will be issued at a specified 7. REMAIN OUTSIDE CLASS (airspace
time or place class) [AND (airspace class)] AIR-
SPACE, EXPECT CLEARANCE AT
(time/place)
– when a clearance will not be available 8. CLEARANCE NOT AVAILABLE, RE-
MAIN OUTSIDE CLASS (airspace class)
[AND (airspace class)] AIRSPACE
– when a deviation from cleared route is reques- 9. DEVIATE UP TO (distance) MILES
ted LEFT (or RIGHT) OF ROUTE (or
TRACK)
– when clearance for deviation cannot be issued 10. UNABLE, TRAFFIC (direction) BOUND
(type of aircraft) (level) ESTIMATED (or
OVER) (significant point) AT (time)
CALLSIGN (callsign) ADVISE INTEN-
TIONS
– when a weather deviation has been completed 11. CLEAR OF WEATHER [RE-
and onwards clearance is requested QUEST(route clearance)]
– when a weather deviation has been completed 12. BACK ON ROUTE (or TRACK)
and the aircraft has returned to its cleared
route
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CIRCUMSTANCES
– when subsequent restrictions / requirements 13. ◆ FURTHER REQUIREMENT
are imposed in addition to previous restric- 14. [RE] ENTER CONTROL AREA (or
tions / requirements to be complied with ZONE) [VIA (significant point)] AT (level)
[AT (time)]
15. LEAVE CONTROL AREA [or ZONE] AT
(level) (or CLIMBING or DESCENDING)
16. LEAVE AND RE-ENTER CONTROL-
LED AIRSPACE AT (level) (or CLIMB-
ING TO (level), or DESCENDING TO
(level) or ON (type of approach)
17. JOIN (specify) AT (significant point) AT
(level) [AT (time)]
INDICATION OF ROUTE AND CLEARANCE 1. FROM (place) TO (place)
LIMIT 2. TO (place) followed as necessary by:
– DIRECT
– VIA (route and/or reporting points)
– VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE
– VIA (distance) ARC (direction) OF
(name of DME station) DME
3. (level or route) NOT AVAILABLE DUE
(reason) ALTERNATIVE[S] IS/ARE (lev-
els or routes) ADVISE
– issuing a specific clearance limit 4. ◆ CLEARANCE LIMIT (place / aid)
– issuing a SID 5. ◆ (identifier) DEPARTURE
– when a pilot requests, or ATC issues a visual 6. ◆ [clearance details] VISUAL DEPAR-
departure in lieu of a SID TURE
WHEN A CLEARANCE HAS BEEN CANCELED 1. ◆ CANCEL CLEARANCE
2. ◆ CANCEL CLEARANCE
WHEN A SID HAS BEEN CANCELED 1. ◆ CANCEL SID (instructions)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
CHANGE OF FLIGHT RULES 1. ◆ CANCEL IFR, REQUEST (intention)
– canceling or suspending IFR (to be initiated 2. ◆ IFR CANCELED OPERATE VFR (in-
only by the pilot) struction or clearance)
– resuming IFR 3. ◆ REQUEST IFR CLEARANCE [AT
(time or place)] (IFR level)
REQUESTING CLEARANCE
– when notification of flight details has not been 1. ◆ FLIGHT DETAILS [INBOUND or FOR
submitted to ATS (DEPARTURE or TRANSIT)]
– flight details to be passed after ATS response 2. ◆ (aircraft type) (position) (route in
controlled airspace and next esti-
mate) (preferred level)
– if clearance cannot be issued immediately 3. ◆ EXPECT CLEARANCE AT (time or
upon request place)
– if giving warning of clearance requirement 4. ◆ EXPECT CLEARANCE REQUEST
(aircraft type) VFR (if appropriate)
FOR (destination) VIA (point outside
controlled airspace at which clear-
ance will be requested) ESTIMATE
(estimate at destination) AT (altitude
proposed for entry to controlled air-
space)
– when requesting IFR Pick-up 5. ◆ REQUEST IFR PICK-UP
– Pilot of IFR flight requests to climb to VFR-on- 1. REQUEST VFR-ON-TOP
top 2. CLIMB TO [(level)] AND REPORT
REACHING VFR-ON-TOP, TOPS RE-
PORTED (level), or NO TOPS RE-
PORTS
– Pilot of an IFR flight is established VFR-on-top 3. VFR-ON-TOP
4. MAINTAIN VFR -ON-TOP
– Where vertical restrictions apply 5. MAINTAIN VFR-ON-TOP AT OR BE-
LOW/ABOVE/BETWEEN (level(s))
– Pilot request to cancel VFR-on-top 6. REQUEST (IFR level)
NOTE: Full IFR separation is applied when ATC 7. MAINTAIN (IFR level)
re-clears the aircraft to maintain an IFR level.
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
VFR DEPARTURE 1. ◆REQUEST VFR DEPARTURE
– Pilot of IFR flight requests VFR departure 2. ◆VFR DEPARTURE APPROVED
– Pilot of IFR flight approved to depart VFR wish- 3. ◆REQUEST IFR CLEARANCE [AT
ing to revert to IFR (time or place)] (IFR level)
NOTE: The pilot is responsible for separation un-
til IFR separation can be applied by ATC
– Pilot of IFR flight having departed VFR, on first 4. ◆RESUMING IFR
contact with ATC entering Class G airspace
NOTE: Pilots wishing to continue VFR should
CANCEL IFR. See Change of Flight Rules above
PARACHUTE OPERATIONS 1. CLEAR TO DROP
– Clearance for parachutists to exit the aircraft
and transit Restricted Area(s) or Classes A, C
or D airspace
7.12 STAR
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– Notification of STAR Clearance availability (on 1. EXPECT STAR CLEARANCE
first contact) when associated with a frequency
transfer
– Notification of STAR Clearance availability 2. STAR CLEARANCE AVAILABLE
when NOT associated with a frequency trans-
fer
– Initiation of vectoring prior to issuing of STAR 1. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING
(three digits) FOR SEQUENCING (or
SEPARATION), EXPECT (STAR or
Transition Route identifier) IN (number)
MILES (or AT (position))
– Issuing STAR Clearance (or re-issuing a STAR 1. (STAR identifier) [(name) TRANSITION]
prior to commencement of a STAR or transition [RUNWAY (number)] (assigned level)
When resuming a STAR on completion of vector- 1. RESUME STAR [Transition restrictions/
ing or cancellation of holding requirements]
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CIRCUMSTANCES
Cancel STAR level requirements 1. CANCEL STAR LEVEL RESTRIC-
TION(S) [AT (point)]
Cancel STAR speed requirements 1. CANCEL STAR SPEED RESTRIC-
TIONS [AT (point)]
When a STAR has been Cancelled 1. CANCEL STAR (instructions)
7.13 APPROACH AND AREA CONTROL SERVICES
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
DEPARTURES INSTRUCTIONS TRACK (three digits) DEGREES [MAGNET-
IC] TO (or FROM) (significant point) [UNTIL
(time) (or REACHING) (fix or significant point
or level)]
APPROACH INSTRUCTIONS 1. ◆ CLEARED DME (or GNSS, or GPS)
ARRIVAL [SECTOR (identifying letter of
the sector)]
2. REQUEST [STRAIGHT-IN] (chart title)
APPROACH
3. CLEARED [STRAIGHT-IN] (chart title)
APPROACH [FOLLOWED BY CIR-
CLING TO RUNWAY (number)]
– RNAV (GNSS) (or RNP APCH) approach via 4. REQUEST (chart title) APPROACH
an IAWP VIA (last two letters of the IAWP iden-
tifier)
5. ◆ CLEARED (chart title) APPROACH
VIA (last two letters of the IAWP identifi-
er)
6. COMMENCE APPROACH AT (time)
– RNAV (GNSS) (or RNP APCH) approach via 7. REQUEST (chart title) APPROACH
an IF VIA (last two letters of the IF identifi-
er)
8. TRACK DIRECT (last two letters of the
IF identifier) CLEARED (chart title) AP-
PROACH
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– RNAV (RNP) (or RNAP APCH) approach 9. TRACK DIRECT TO (IAF identifier)
where an aircraft has been subject to vectoring TRACK VIA (chart title) MAINTAIN (or
or random tracking and is subsequently re- DESCEND TO) (level)
cleared direct to the IAF and the resulting track
change at the IAF is greater than 30 degrees. REPORT ESTABLISHED
10. ESTABLISHED
11. CLEARED (chart title) APPROACH
NOTE: The chart title for the procedure must be
used. Except for circling approaches, the proce-
dure suffix may be omitted when no possibility of
confusion exists. The words (GNSS) or (RNP) do
not need to be included in the RNAV approach
request or clearance.
WHERE A TEMPORARY LEVEL RESTRICTION 1. ◆ TRACK VIA (chart title) APPROACH
IS TO BE IMPOSED. NOT BELOW (level)
(Applicable to civil aircraft during practice ap-
proaches in VMC; or MIL aircraft NPA, or preci-
sion if clearance will allow maintain descent in
accordance with procedure)
– pilot to advise when able to conduct a visual 2. REPORT VISUAL
approach 3. REPORT RUNWAY [LIGHTS] IN SIGHT
4. REPORT (significant point) [OUT-
BOUND or INBOUND]
– visual approach 5. CLEARED VISUAL APPROACH
– visual approaches by night 6. ◆ WHEN ESTABLISHED (position)
CLEARED VISUAL APPROACH
– when including a VFR climb/descent instruc-
tion: 7. DESCEND VFR, CLEARED (chart title)
• when VFR descent clearance applies for the APPROACH
entire approach 8. CLEARED (chart title) APPROACH DE-
• when VFR descent clearance applies for a SCEND VFR ABOVE (or BETWEEN)
portion of the approach (level/s)
HOLDING INSTRUCTIONS
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PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
– visual 1. HOLD VISUAL [OVER] (position)
– published holding procedure over a waypoint, 2. HOLD AT (waypoint, facility or fix) (level)
facility or fix EXPECT APPROACH (or FURTHER
CLEARANCE) AT (time)
– when pilot requires an oral description of hold- 3. REQUEST HOLDING INSTRUCTIONS
ing procedure based on a facility
4. HOLD AT (waypoint, facility or fix) (call
sign and frequency, if necessary) (level)
INBOUND TRACK (three digits) DE-
GREES RIGHT (or left) HAND PAT-
TERN, OUTBOUND TIME (number) MI-
NUTES (additional instructions, if neces-
sary)
5. HOLD ON THE (three digits) RADIAL
OF THE (name) VOR/TACAN (call sign
and frequency, if necessary) AT (dis-
tance) DME (OR between) (distance)
AND (distance) DME (level) INBOUND
TRACK (three digits) DEGREES RIGHT
(or LEFT) HAND PATTERN (additional
instructions, if necessary)
TO ADVISE ATC OF MINIMUM FUEL STATUS 1. MINIMUM FUEL
– ATC will acknowledge this advice and ensure 2. MINIMUM FUEL ACKNOWLEDGED
that no additional traffic delays are provided [NO DELAY EXPECTED or EXPECT
and no changes to clearances will be issued (delay information)]
NOTE: Advice of fuel status must be made to
each subsequent ATC sector on frequency trans-
fer and ATC will acknowledge the status.
TO ADVISE ATC OF EMERGENCY FUEL STA- 1. MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY FUEL
TUS 2. MAYDAY FUEL ACKNOWLEDGED
EXPECTED APPROACH TIME 1. NO DELAY EXPECTED
2. EXPECTED APPROACH TIME (time)
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7.14 PHRASEOLOGIES TO BE USED RELATED TO CPDLC
PHRASEOLOGY
CIRCUMSTANCES
1. Operational Status
failure of CPDLC a. [ALL STATIONS] CPDLC FAILURE (in-
structions)
failure of a single CPDLC message b. CPDLC MESSAGE FAILURE (appropri-
ate clearance, instruction, information or
request)
to correct CPDLC clearances, instructions, infor- c. DISREGARD CPDLC (message type)
mation or requests MESSAGE, BREAK (correct clearance,
instruction, information or request)
to instruct all stations or a specific flight to avoid d. [ALL STATIONS] STOP SENDING
sending CPDLC requests for a limited period of CPDLC REQUESTS [UNTIL ADVISED]
time [(REASON)]
to resume normal use of CPDLC e. [ALL STATIONS] RESUME NORMAL
CPDLC OPERATIONS
8 VICINITY OF THE AERODROME

8.1 VISUAL IDENTIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT SHOW LANDING LIGHT
ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY VISUAL MEANS a. ACKNOWLEDGE BY MOVING AILER-
ONS (or RUDDER)
b. ACKNOWLEDGE BY ROCKING
WINGS
c. ACKNOWLEDGE BY FLASHING LAND-
ING LIGHTS
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8.2 STARTING AND INITIAL CLEARANCE ISSUE
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
STARTING PROCEDURES
– to request permission to start engines 1. [aircraft location] REQUEST START
2. [aircraft location] REQUEST START
INFORMATION (ATIS identification)
3. START APPROVED
4. START AT (time)
5. EXPECT START AT (time)
6. EXPECT DEPARTURE (time) START
AT OWN DISCRETION
WHEN CLEARANCE DELIVERY IS IN OPERA- 1. ◆ (flight number, if any) TO (aero-
TION drome of first intended landing) RE-
QUEST CLEARANCE
– if runway other than runway nominated is re- 2. ◆ REQUIRE RUNWAY (number)
quired
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8.3 PUSHBACKS
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
PUSHBACK PROCEDURES FOR AIRCRAFT a. [aircraft location] REQUEST PUSH-
NOTE: Where a pushback does not enter the BACK
maneuvering area, the Airport chart will specify b. PUSHBACK APPROVED TAIL (direc-
the frequency on which apron service is provided. tion e.g. North or Right)
c. PUSHBACK AT OWN DISCRETION
[TAIL (direction e.g. Left or West)]
d. EXPECT (number) MINUTES DELAY
DUE (reason)
TOWING PROCEDURES a. # REQUEST TOW [company name]
– ATC response (aircraft type) FROM (location) TO (lo-
cation)
b. TOW APPROVED VIA (specific routing
to be followed)
# Denotes transmission from aircraft / tow ve-
hicle combination.
TO REQUEST AERODROME DATA FOR DE-
PARTURE
– when no ATIS broadcast is available a. REQUEST DEPARTURE INFORMA-
TION
b. RUNWAY (number), WIND (direction
and speed), QNH (detail), TEMPERA-
TURE (detail), [VISIBILITY FOR TAKE-
OFF (detail) (or RVR) (detail)]
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8.4 TAXI PROCEDURE
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
TAXI PROCEDURES
– for departure at a controlled aerodrome 1. [flight number] [aircraft type] [wake
turbulence category if “Super or
Heavy”] [POB (number)] [DUAL (or
SOLO)] RECEIVED (ATIS identifica-
tion) [SQUAWK (SSR code)] [aircraft
location] [flight rules] [TO (aerodrome
of destination)] REQUEST TAXI [in-
tentions]
– for departure at a non-controlled aerodrome 2. ◆ (aircraft type) [POB] [IFR (if operat-
ing IFR)] TAXIING (location) FOR
(destination or intentions) RUNWAY
(number)
– military pilots on local sorties when ready to 3. ⋆ (number of aircraft) FOR (area of
taxi (include details of flight if not already noti- operation) POB (number) [DANGER-
fied) OUS CARGO] RECEIVED (ATIS code)
REQUEST TAXI
4. TAXI TO (HOLDING POINT [identifier]
or intermediate point) [RUNWAY (num-
ber)] [TIME (minutes)]
5. (HOLDING POINT [identifier] or inter-
mediate point), RUNWAY (number)
– where detailed taxi instructions are required 6. [aircraft type] [wake turbulence cate-
gory if “Super or Heavy”] REQUEST
DETAILED TAXI INSTRUCTIONS
7. TAXI VIA (specific routing to be fol-
lowed) TO HOLDING POINT [identifier]
[RUNWAY (number)] [TIME (minutes)]
8. HOLDING POINT [identifier] [RUN-
WAY (number)]
– where aerodrome information is not available 9. TAXI TO HOLDING POINT [identifier]
from an alternative source such as ATIS (followed by aerodrome information as
applicable) [TIME (minutes)]
10. HOLDING POINT [identifier] [RUN-
WAY (number)]
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– for arrival at a controlled aerodrome 11. (aircraft call sign) [parking area or
bay number]
12. TAXI TO [TERMINAL or other location;
e.g., GENERAL AVIATION AREA]
[STAND (number)]
INTERSECTION DEPARTURES
– when a pilot requests an intersection departure a. ◆ REQUEST INTERSECTION DEPAR-
TURE FROM (taxiway identifier)
b. ◆ TAXI TO HOLDING POINT (taxiway
identifier) [RUNWAY (number)]
– when a pilot is offered an intersection depar- c. ◆ INTERSECTION DEPARTURE
ture AVAILABLE FROM (taxiway identifier)
(distance) REMAINING (if this informa-
tion is not readily available to the pilot)
– when a pilot accepts an intersection departure d. ◆ TAXI TO HOLDING POINT (taxiway
identifier) [RUNWAY (number)]
SPECIFIC ROUTING 1. TAKE (or TURN) FIRST (or SECOND)
LEFT (or RIGHT)
2. TAXI VIA (identification of taxiway)
3. TAXI VIA RUNWAY (number)
MANEUVERING ON AERODROME 1. REQUEST BACKTRACK
2. BACKTRACK APPROVED
3. BACKTRACK RUNWAY (number)
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– general 4. [aircraft location] REQUEST TAXI TO
(destination on aerodrome
5. TAXI STRAIGHT AHEAD
6. TAXI WITH CAUTION (reason)
7. GIVE WAY TO (description and position
of other aircraft)
8. GIVING WAY TO (traffic). TAXI INTO
HOLDING BAY
9. FOLLOW (description of other aircraft or
vehicle)
10. VACATE RUNWAY
NOTE: The pilot must, when requested, report 11. RUNWAY VACATED
“RUNWAY VACATED” when the aircraft is well
12. EXPEDITE TAXI [reason]
clear of the runway.
13. EXPEDITING
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8.5 AERODROME MOVEMENTS
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
HOLDING a. HOLD (direction) OF (position, runway
number, etc.)
NOTE: The procedure words ROGER and WIL-
CO are insufficient acknowledgment of the in- b. HOLD POSITION
structions HOLD, HOLD POSITION and HOLD c. HOLD SHORT OF (position)
SHORT OF (position). In each case, the acknowl-
edgment must be by the phraseology HOLDING d. HOLDING
or HOLDING SHORT, as appropriate. e. HOLDING SHORT
TO CROSS A RUNWAY a. [AT (or ON) (location)] REQUEST
NOTE: If the control tower is unable to see the CROSS RUNWAY (number)
crossing aircraft (e.g., night, low visibility, etc.), b. AT (or ON) (location) CROSS RUNWAY
the instruction should always be accompanied by (number) [REPORT VACATED]
a request to report when the aircraft has vacated
c. AT (or ON) (location) CROSSING
and is clear of the runway.
RUNWAY (number)
d. EXPEDITE CROSSING RUNWAY
(number) TRAFFIC (aircraft type) (dis-
tance) MILES FINAL
8.6 RUNWAY OPERATIONS

NOTE: During multiple runway operations where the possibility of confusion exists, the runway
number will be stated. The runway number may be stated if the caller wishes to emphasize the
runway to be used. For parallel runway operations on discrete frequencies, at Class D aero-
dromes, the runway number may be omitted.
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
PREPARATION FOR TAKE-OFF 1. REPORT WHEN READY [FOR DEPAR-
TURE]
– when reporting ready for operations wholly
within Class D CTR or departure from Class D 2. READY [FOR CIRCUITS] [VIA (pub-
CTR not in receipt of airways clearance for op- lished departure route, circuit leg for
erations outside Class “D” airspace. departure or first tracking point)]
3. ARE YOU READY FOR IMMEDIATE
DEPARTURE?
4. [wake turbulence category if “Super
or Heavy”] READY
CLEARANCE TO ENTER RUNWAY AND
AWAIT TAKEOFF
– when the pilot desires to enter the runway and 1. ◆ REQUEST LINE-UP [REQUIRE (re-
assume take-off position for checks before de- quired number of seconds delay in
parture lined-up position before departure)
SECONDS ON RUNWAY]
2. LINE UP [AND WAIT] [RUNWAY (num-
ber)] [BE READY FOR IMMEDIATE DE-
PARTURE]
– conditional clearances 3. (condition) LINE UP [RUNWAY (num-
ber)] (brief reiteration of condition)
– acknowledgment of a conditional clearance 4. (condition) LINING UP [RUNWAY
(number)]
TAKE-OFF CLEARANCE 1. CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF [REPORT
AIRBORNE]
– multiple runway operations, other than Class D 2. RUNWAY (number) CLEARED FOR
aerodromes where aircraft are operating on TAKE-OFF
parallel runways using discrete frequencies.
– when take-off clearance has not been com- 3. TAKE OFF IMMEDIATELY OR VACATE
plied with RUNWAY
4. TAKE OFF IMMEDIATELY OR HOLD
SHORT OF THE RUNWAY
– when LAHSO are in use 5. ◆ (aircraft type) LANDING ON CROSS-
ING RUNWAY WILL HOLD SHORT –
RUNWAY (number) CLEARED FOR
TAKE-OFF
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– when a radar SID has been issued 6. ◆ ASSIGNED HEADING RIGHT (or
LEFT) (three digits) (plus any altitude re-
striction) [RUNWAY (number)]
CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF
7. LEFT (or RIGHT) (three digits) (plus
any altitude restriction) RUNWAY
(number) CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF
– when a radar SID has been issued with a 8. ◆ ASSIGNED HEADING (three digits)
heading that is within 5° of the runway bearing, [RUNWAY (number)] CLEARED FOR
the instruction will not include a direction of TAKE-OFF
turn 9. ◆ HEADING (three digits) [RUNWAY
(number)] CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF
– when an IFR aircraft is cleared for a visual de- 10. ◆ (instructions) [RUNWAY (number)]
parture to a level at or above the MVA or CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF, [MAKE
MSA / LSALT LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN]
11. ◆ (instructions) [RUNWAY (number)]
CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF, [LEFT (or
RIGHT) TURN]
– when a VFR aircraft, or an IFR aircraft cleared 12. ◆ (instructions) MAINTAIN RUNWAY
for a visual departure is issued radar heading HEADING [TURN LEFT (or RIGHT)
instructions HEADING (degrees)] VISUAL, [RUN-
WAY (number)] CLEARED FOR TAKE-
OFF
13. ◆ (instructions) RUNWAY HEADING
[LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (de-
grees)] VISUAL, [RUNWAY (number)]
CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF
– when an IFR aircraft cleared for a visual depar- 14. ◆ (instructions) CLIMB TO (level) VISU-
ture is assigned a level below the MVA or AL, [RUNWAY (number)] CLEARED
MSA/LSALT in the departure instructions FOR TAKE-OFF
15. ◆ (instructions) (level) VISUAL, [RUN-
WAY (number)] CLEARED FOR
TAKE-OFF
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COMMUNICATIONS
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– when the airways clearance issued to an IFR 16. ◆ [RUNWAY (number)] CLEARED FOR
aircraft includes a visual departure and a level TAKE-OFF, VISUAL
below the MVA or MSA/LSALT and no turn on
departure required
TAKE-OFF CLEARANCE CANCELLATION 1. HOLD POSITION, CANCEL, I SAY
AGAIN CANCEL TAKE-OFF (reasons)
2. HOLDING
– to stop a take-off in emergency conditions 3. STOP IMMEDIATELY (repeat aircraft
call sign) STOP IMMEDIATELY
NOTE: Used only when an aircraft is in imminent
danger. 4. STOPPING RUNWAY (number)
– Take-off or landing Clearance 1. ◆ (APPROACH or DEPARTURE) END
CABLE (UP or DOWN) or BOTH CA-
Where aircraft arrestor systems are installed
BLES [AND BARRIER] (UP or DOWN)
NOTE: The tower controller will include the po- and/or BARRIER (UP or DOWN)
sition of installed aircraft arresting system with
all take-off and landing clearances, except to
locally based aircraft when the system is in the
normal operating position
Where aircraft arrestor systems are unservicea- 2. ◆ BARRIER DOWN, OUT OF SERVICE
ble 3. ◆ (APPROACH or DEPARTURE) END
CABLE [BOTH CABLES] [ FAILED IN
THE UP POSITION
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8.7 HELICOPTER OPERATIONS
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
HELICOPTER OPERATIONS
– air taxi or air transit for departure and arrival 1. REQUEST AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT
or GROUND TAXI) FROM (or VIA) TO
(location of routing as appropriate)
2. AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT or GROUND
TAXI) TO (or VIA) (location, parking po-
sition, stand, or routing as appropriate)
[CAUTION (dust, loose debris, taxiing
light aircraft, personnel, wake turbu-
lence, etc.)]
3. AIR TAXI (or AIR TRANSIT or GROUND
TAXI) VIA (direct, as requested, or
specified route) TO (location, heliport,
parking position, stand, operating or
movement area, or runway) AVOID (air-
craft or vehicles or personnel)
Departure from: 1. (instructions as appropriate, position or
runway) CLEARED FOR TAKE-OFF
a. a RWY, or
b. HLS visible to the tower and located on a
manoeuvring area subject to ATC.
Departure other than above 2. (instructions as appropriate) [DEPAR-
TURE APPROVED] REPORT AIR-
BORNE
Arrival to: 1. (instructions as appropriate, position or
runway) CLEARED TO LAND
a. a RWY, or
b. HLS visible to the tower and located within a
manoeuvring area subject to ATC.
Arrival other than above 2. CLEARED VISUAL APPROACH (in-
structions as appropriate), REPORT ON
THE GROUND
8.8 AFTER TAKE-OFF

NOTE 1: ALL “level” reports within ATS surveillance system coverage must be to the nearest
100FT.
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NOTE 2: On first contact with ATC advise wake turbulence category if ”Super” or “Heavy”
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
TRACKING AFTER TAKE-OFF 1. REQUEST RIGHT (or LEFT) TURN
[WHEN AIRBORNE]
2. LEFT (or RIGHT) TURN APPROVED
3. AFTER PASSING (level) (instructions)
– heading to be followed 4. CONTINUE ON (magnetic direction of
runway) (instructions)
– when a specific track is to be followed 5. TRACK (magnetic direction of runway)
(instructions)
6. CLIMB STRAIGHT AHEAD (instruc-
tions)
AIRBORNE REPORT – RADAR
– unrestricted turn to track (including SID) 1. ◆ PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (lev-
– heading specified by ATC el)
2. ◆ TURNING LEFT (or RIGHT) (three
digits) PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO
(level) or
3. ◆ MAINTAINING RUNWAY HEADING
PASSING (level) CLIMBING TO (level)
– confirmation of an assigned Radar SID head- 4. ◆ ASSIGNED HEADING LEFT (or
ing when establishing contact with ATC and RIGHT) (three digits) PASSING (level)
unable to execute turn immediately due proce- CLIMBING TO (level)
dural requirements
– when assigned heading approximates runway 5. HEADING (three digits) PASSING (lev-
bearing el) CLIMBING TO (level)
DEPARTURE REPORT – PROCEDURAL
– when notifying departure report to a control 1. DEPARTED (time) TRACKING (track
tower being flown) [FROM (reference aid
used to establish track) or VIA (SID
identifier)] CLIMBING TO (level) ESTI-
MATING (first reporting point) AT
(time) or
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– contacting procedural unit other than departure 2. DEPARTED (location) (time in mi-
aerodrome or departing a non-towered aero- nutes) TRACKING [TO INTERCEPT]
drome (track) CLIMBING TO (intended level)
ESTIMATING (first reporting point) AT
(time)
DEPARTURE REPORTS – SURVEILLANCE
– when notifying departure and identification is 1. ◆ (location reference departure aero-
expected with the departure report drome) PASSING (current level)
CLIMBING TO (intended level) ESTI-
MATING (first reporting point) AT
(time)
8.9 ARRIVAL AT AERODROME

NOTE: On first contact with tower advise wake turbulence category if ”Super” or “heavy”.
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
ENTERING AN AERODROME TRAFFIC CIR- 1. [aircraft type] (position) (level) (inten-
CUIT tions)
– when ATIS information is available 2. [aircraft type] (position) (level) IN-
FORMATION (ATIS identification) (in-
tentions)
3. JOIN (instruction) RUNWAY (number)
[QNH (detail)] [TRAFFIC (detail)]
[TRACK (requirements)]
IN THE CIRCUIT 1. (position in circuit, e.g. DOWNWIND/
– when advising or requesting a non-standard FINAL)
circuit 2. (position in circuit, eg DOWNWIND/
FINAL) [GLIDE APPROACH, FLAP-
LESS APPROACH]
3. [NUMBER (sequence number)] FOL-
LOW (aircraft type and position) [addi-
tional instructions if required]
4. BASE (or CROSSWIND)
5. FINAL (or LONG FINAL)
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– nearing position at which approach must be 6. SHORT FINAL
aborted if not cleared to land
Abnormal Operations/Doubt Exists – (addition- 7. CHECK GEAR DOWN (AND LOCKED)
al phrases) 8. (readback) GEAR DOWN (AND
– For a civil aircraft, when doubt exists as to LOCKED)
whether the gear is fully extended, or when a
general aviation aircraft with retractable under-
carriage has experienced abnormal operations
Military Pilots (additional phrases) 9. ⋆ LEFT (or RIGHT) INITIAL
– routine circuit reports must be made as and
when arranged
– to sequence for downwind 10. ⋆ PITCH LONG (or SHORT)
– base call and wheel check (on reaching the 11. ⋆ BASE GEAR GREEN (or THREE
base leg of a circuit, each aircraft, whether in GREENS or THREE WHEELS)
stream landing or single, is to call tower and
12. ⋆ (instruction) CHECK WHEELS
advise undercarriage down)
13. ⋆ (readback) (activate beeper) or
14. ⋆ (readback) GEAR GREEN (or
THREE GREENS or THREE WHEELS)
– ATC wheels check will include hook check for 15. ⋆ APPROACH/DEPARTURE END CA-
all hook cable operations BLE UP (instruction) CHECK WHEELS
AND HOOK
16. ⋆ (readback) HOOK DOWN (activate
beeper)
Arriving at an Aerodrome
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– Military Formations Circuit Area 1. ⋆ (formation call-sign), BASE THREE
GREENS (or GEAR GREEN or THREE
WHEELS)
2. ⋆ (formation call-sign) (instruction)
CHECK WHEELS
3. ⋆ (read-back) (call-sign) 1 (activate
beeper) or
4. ⋆ (read-back) THREE GREENS (or
GEAR GREEN or THREE WHEELS)
(call-sign) 1
5. ⋆ (call-sign) 2, THREE GREENS (or
(activate beeper is fitted)
6. ⋆ (call-sign) 3, THREE GREENS (or
(activate beeper if fitted)
7. ⋆ CALL-SIGN
– Pairs Landing 8. ⋆ (formation call-sign), OUTER
MARKER (or FINAL APPROACH FIX)
SIX GREENS (or GEAR GREEN or SIX
WHEELS)
9. ⋆ (formation call-sign) CLEARED TO
LAND, CHECK WHEELS
10. ⋆ LAND (call-sign) 1 (activate beeper
if fitted)
11. ⋆ (call-sign) 2 (activate beeper if fit-
ted)
12. ⋆ CALL-SIGN
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PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
– In-trail Landing 13. ⋆ (formation call-sign) IN TRAIL, OUT-
ER MARKER (or FINAL APPROACH
FIX) THREE GREENS (or GEAR
GREEN or THREE WHEELS)
14. ⋆ (formation call-sign) IN TRAIL
CLEARED TO LAND, CHECK WHEELS
15. ⋆ LAND (call-sign) 1 (activate beeper
if fitted)
16. ⋆ (call-sign) 2 OUTER MARKER (or FI-
NAL APPROACH FIX) THREE
WHEELS) (activate beeper if fitted)
17. ⋆ (call-sign) 3 OUTER MARKER (or FI-
NAL APPROACH FIX) THREE
WHEELS) (activate beeper if fitted)
18. ⋆ CALL-SIGN
Speed Adjustments - Military Aircraft
– Military ATC Instruction 1. ⋆ REDUCE TO CIRCUIT SPEED
2. ⋆ REDUCE TO APPROACH SPEED
3. ⋆ REDUCE TO MINIMUM SAFE SPEED
Approach Instructions
NOTE: The report “LONG FINAL” is made when 1. MAKE SHORT APPROACH
aircraft turn on to final approach at a distance 2. MAKE LONG APPROACH (or EXTEND
greater than 4 NM from touchdown or when an DOWNWIND)
aircraft on a straight-in approach is 8 NM from
touchdown. In both cases, a report “FINAL” is re- 3. REPORT BASE (or FINAL or LONG FI-
quired at 4 NM from touchdown. NAL)
4. CONTINUE APPROACH
Landing 1. CLEARED TO LAND (or TOUCH AND
GO) (or STOP AND GO)
NOTE: The tower controller will include the posi-
tion of installed aircraft arresting system with all
landing clearances, except to locally based air-
craft when the system is in the normal operating
position.
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CIRCUMSTANCES
– multiple runway operations, other than Class D 2. RUNWAY (number) CLEARED TO
aerodromes where aircraft are operating on LAND (or TOUCH AND GO) (or STOP
parallel runways using discrete frequencies. AND GO)
– where the aircraft cannot be sighted by ATC 3. ◆ [RUNWAY (number)] NOT IN SIGHT –
CLEARED TO LAND
– pilot requesting option for touch and go, full 4. ◆ (position in circuit) REQUEST THE
stop, stop and go, or go around OPTION
– advising the pilot the option to touch and go, 5. ◆ [RUNWAY (number)] CLEARED FOR
full stop, stop and go, or go around THE OPTION
6. MAKE FULL STOP
– when runway is occupied and ATC assess- 7. ⋆ AT THE MINIMA GO AROUND
ment is that the runway will not become availa-
ble.
When Landing Approved and LAHSO Are in 1. ◆ (aircraft type) DEPARTING (or LAND-
Use ING) ON CROSSING RUNWAY, HOLD
SHORT RUNWAY (number) CLEARED
TO LAND RUNWAY (number)
– required readback 2. ◆ HOLD SHORT RUNWAY (number)
CLEARED TO LAND RUNWAY (num-
ber)
When a Pilot Advises That an “Autoland”, 1. ◆ ILS CRITICAL AREA NOT PROTEC-
“Coupled” or Similar Approach is Being Made TED
and the ILS Critical Area is Not Protected.
Delaying Aircraft 1. ORBIT RIGHT (or LEFT) [FROM
PRESENT POSITION]
Pilot Request for Low Approach or Pass
– to make an approach along a runway descend- 1. REQUEST LOW APPROACH (rea-
ing to an agreed minimum level sons)
2. CLEARED LOW APPROACH [RUN-
WAY (number)] [(altitude restriction)]
[(go around instructions)]
– to fly past the control tower or other observa- 3. ◆ REQUEST LOW PASS (reasons)
tion point for the purpose of visual inspection
by persons on the ground
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4. ◆ CLEARED LOW PASS [RUNWAY
(number)] [(altitude restriction)] [(go
around instructions)]
Missed Approach
– to discontinue an approach 1. GO AROUND [additional information]
2. GOING AROUND
– multiple runway operations 3. GOING AROUND RUNWAY (number)
9 ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICE PHRASEOLOGIES

9.1 GENERAL PHRASES
NOTE: On first contact with approach advise wake turbulence category if ”Super” or “Heavy”.
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT 1. REPORT HEADING [AND FLIGHT LEV-
EL (or ALTITUDE)]
2. FOR IDENTIFICATION TURN LEFT (or
RIGHT) HEADING (three digits)
3. IDENTIFIED [position]
4. NOT IDENTIFIED [reason], [RESUME
(or CONTINUE) OWN NAVIGATION]
TERMINATION OF ATS SURVEILLANCE 1. IDENTIFICATION TERMINATED [DUE
SERVICE (reason)] [(instructions)] [FREQUENCY
CHANGE APPROVED]
2. WILL SHORTLY LOSE IDENTIFICA-
TION (appropriate instructions or infor-
mation)
3. IDENTIFICATION LOST [reasons] (in-
structions)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
ATS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM POSITION IN- 1. ◆ REQUEST
FORMATION – ATS SURVEILLANCE ASSISTANCE
– To request traffic, position, and/or navigation (reason)
information
– POSITION [WITH REFERENCE TO (aid
or location)]
– TRAFFIC (or POSITION or NAVIGATION)
ADVISORY [BY SURVEILLANCE]
– to request an ongoing SIS – FLIGHT FOLLOWING
– (specific ATC surveillance service)
– to terminate an ongoing SIS 2. CANCEL FLIGHT FOLLOWING
3. POSITION (distance) (direction) OF (sig-
nificant point) (or OVER or ABEAM (sig-
nificant point))
– To request continuation of a SIS 1. REQUEST HAND-OFF FOR FLIGHT
FOLLOWING
– Where ongoing service is not available 2. ATS SURVEILLANCE NOT AVAILABLE
– ATS surveillance system ground equipment 1. SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM OUT OF
unserviceability SERVICE/-DEGRADED (appropriate in-
formation as necessary)
– To request the aircraft’s SSR or ADS-B capa- 1. ADVISE TRANSPONDER CAPABILITY
bility 2. ADVISE ADS-B CAPABILITY
– To advise the aircraft’s SSR or ADS-B capabili- 1. TRANSPONDER (ALPHA, CHARLIE or
ty SIERRA as shown in the Flight Plan)
2. ADS-B TRANSMITTER (TEN NINETY
DATALINK)
3. ADS-B RECEIVER (TEN NINETY DA-
TALINK)
4. NEGATIVE TRANSPONDER
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9.2 ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICE COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
COMMUNICATIONS 1. [IF] RADIO CONTACT LOST (instruc-
tions)
2. IF NO TRANSMISSIONS RECEIVED
FOR (number) MINUTES (or SEC-
ONDS) (instructions)
3. REPLY NOT RECEIVED (instructions)
– if loss of communication is suspected 4. IF YOU READ [(maneuver instructions
or SQUAWK (code or IDENT)]
5. (maneuver or SQUAWK) OBSERVED,
POSITION (position of aircraft), WILL
CONTINUE TO PASS INSTRUCTIONS
AIRCRAFT DIRECTIONAL INDICATOR FAIL-
URE
– when notified by pilot 1. ◆ COMPASS FAILURE ACKNOWL-
EDGED, ATS SURVEILLANCE SERV-
ICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO-COM-
PASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FA-
MILIAR
– when suspected by ATC 2. ◆ CONFIRM HEADING
– if heading response appears at variance with 3. ◆ SUSPECT YOUR COMPASS HAS
the track of the radar return FAILED, ATS SURVEILLANCE SERV-
ICE WILL CONTINUE USING NO-COM-
PASS PROCEDURES, CONFIRM FA-
MILIAR
– in case of unreliable directional instruments on 4. MAKE ALL TURNS RATE ONE (or
board aircraft RATE HALF or (number) DEGREES
PER SECOND) EXECUTE INSTRUC-
TIONS IMMEDIATELY UPON RECEIPT
5. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) NOW
6. STOP TURN NOW
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9.3 ATS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM MANEUVERS
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
GENERAL MANEUVERS 1. LEAVE (significant point) HEADING
(three digits) [INBOUND] [AT (time)]
2. CONTINUE HEADING (three digits)
3. CONTINUE PRESENT HEADING
4. FLY HEADING (three digits)
5. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number) DE-
GREES (or HEADING (three digits))
[reason]
6. ORBIT LEFT (or RIGHT) [reason]
when an ACFT is assigned a level below the 7. CLIMB (or DESCEND) to (level) VISUAL
MVA or MSA/LSALT 8. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) (number) DE-
when an ACFT is issued a heading instruction GREES (or HEADING (three digits))
below the MVA or MSA/LSALT [CLIMB (or DESCEND) TO (level)] VIS-
NOTE: (Where both heading and altitude instruc- UAL
tions are issued, VISUAL need only be appended
to the second part of the instruction.)
– when instructing an aircraft to turn 180° or 9. STOP TURN HEADING (three digits)
more and in order to emphasize the direction 10. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) – I SAY AGAIN
of turn – LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three
– when necessary to specify a reason for a ma- digits) [reason]
neuver, the following phraseologies should be – DUE TRAFFIC
used:
– FOR SPACING
– FOR DELAY
– FOR DOWNWIND (or BASE, or FI-
NAL)
AIRCRAFT VECTORING BY ATS SURVEIL- 1. REQUEST VECTORS [TO (or FROM)
LANCE SERVICE (aid, location or reason)]
2. DO YOU WANT VECTORS?
To transfer responsibility to the pilot for naviga- 1. RESUME OWN NAVIGATION (position
tion and terrain clearance (as applicable) on ter- of aircraft) (specific instructions)
mination of vectoring
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9.4 SPEED CONTROL
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
SPEED 1. SPEED (number) KNOTS (or Mach
NOTE: All speed communications shall relate to Number)
INDICATED AIRSPEED unless otherwise stipula- 2. REPORT SPEED or ([CLIMB or
ted. Where applicable, Mach Number may be CRUISE] MACH NUMBER)
nominated as the basis of a speed statement.
3. MAINTAIN (number) KNOTS (or MACH
(number)) [OR GREATER (or LESS)]
UNTIL (location)
4. MAINTAIN PRESENT SPEED
5. INCREASE (or REDUCE) SPEED TO
(or BY) (number) KNOTS [OR GREAT-
ER (or LESS)]
6. REDUCE TO MINIMUM APPROACH
SPEED
7. CROSS (significant point) [AT (time)]
[AT (number) KNOTS]
– when an aircraft is required to reduce speed to 8. ◆ REDUCE TO MINIMUM CLEAN
the minimum possible in a clean configuration SPEED
– when aircraft speed is pilot’s discretion 9. NO [ATC] SPEED RESTRICTIONS
– when ATC speed restrictions no longer apply 10. RESUME NORMAL SPEED
and the aircraft is required to resume profile
speeds in accordance with procedural require-
ments
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CIRCUMSTANCES
TRAFFIC INFORMATION 1. TRAFFIC (number) O’CLOCK (distance)
(direction of flight) [any other pertinent
information]
– UNKNOWN
– SLOW MOVING
– FAST MOVING
– CLOSING
– OPPOSITE (or SAME) DIRECTION
– OVERTAKING
– CROSSING LEFT TO RIGHT (or RIGHT
TO LEFT)
– aircraft type to be passed if known – (type)
– (level)
– CLIMBING (or DESCENDING)
2. CLEAR OF TRAFFIC [appropriate in-
structions]
9.6 SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR) AND ADS-B
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
TO INSTRUCT SETTING OF TRANSPONDER
(The word “code” is not used in transmissions.)
to request:
– reselection of the assigned mode and code RECYCLE [(mode)] (code)
RECYCLING [(mode)] (code)
– reselection of aircraft identification REENTER MODE S (or ADS-B) AIRCRAFT
IDENTIFICATION
– confirmation of Mode A Code selection CONFIRM SQUAWK (code)
SQUAWKING (code)
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CIRCUMSTANCES
– operation of the IDENT feature SQUAWK [(code) AND] IDENT
SQUAWK NORMAL
TRANSMIT ADS-B IDENT
– temporary suspension of transponder opera- SQUAWK STANDBY [TRANSMIT ADS-B
tion ONLY]
NOTE: ADS-B and SSR are linked in many air-
craft and terminating one will terminate the other.
– emergency code selection SQUAWK MAYDAY
– termination of SSR transponder or ADS-B STOP SQUAWK [TRANSMIT ADS-B ONLY]
transmitter operation STOP ADS-B TRANSMISSION [SQUAWK
NOTE: ADS-B and SSR are linked in many air- (code) ONLY]
craft and terminating one will terminate the other.
– transmission of pressure altitude SQUAWK CHARLIE
TRANSMIT ADS-B ALTITUDE
– pressure setting check and confirmation of lev- CHECK ALTIMETER SETTING AND CON-
el FIRM LEVEL
– termination of pressure altitude transmission STOP SQUAWK CHARLIE, WRONG INDI-
because of faulty operation CATION
NOTE: ADS-B and SSR are linked in many air- STOP ADS-B ALTITUDE TRANSMISSION
craft and terminating one will terminate the oth- [(WRONG INDICATION, or reason)]
er.
– altitude check VERIFY [LEVEL] (level)
– confirmation of ADS-B operation ◆ ADS-B TRANSMISSIONS NOT RE-
CEIVED, CONFIRM ADS-B OPERATIONAL
– change to secondary transponder ◆ SELECT SECONDARY TRANSPONDER
ADVICE ON TRAFFIC LEVEL WHERE THE ◆ UNVERIFIED LEVEL (level)
PRESSURE ALTITUDE DERIVED LEVEL IN-
FORMATION HAS NOT BEEN VERIFIED
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9.7 GENERAL ADS-C PHRASEOLOGIES
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
ADS-C DEGRADATION ADS-C (or ADS-CONTRACT) OUT OF
SERVICE (appropriate information as neces-
sary).
9.8 APPROACH RADAR SERVICES
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
VECTORING FOR APPROACH 1. VECTORING FOR (chart title) AP-
PROACH
NOTE: The chart title for the procedure must be
used. Except for circling approaches, the proce- 2. VECTORING FOR VISUAL APPROACH
dure suffix may be omitted when no possibility of RUNWAY (number) REPORT FIELD (or
confusion exists. The words (GNSS) or (RNP) do RUNWAY) IN SIGHT
not need to be included in the RNAV approach 3. VECTORING FOR (positioning in the
request or clearance. circuit)
4. (chart title) APPROACH NOT AVAILA-
BLE DUE (reason) (alternative instruc-
tions)
VECTORING FOR ILS, PILOT INTERPRETED 1. POSITION (number) MILES FROM (fix),
NAVAIDS AND RNAV (GNSS) (OR RNP APCH) TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING
APPROACHES VIA THE IF (three digits)
2. YOU WILL INTERCEPT (radio aid or
track) (distance) FROM (significant point
or TOUCHDOWN)
– when a pilot wishes to be positioned a specific 3. REQUEST (distance) FINAL
distance from touchdown
– instructions and information 4. CLEARED FOR (chart title) APPROACH
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5. REPORT ESTABLISHED [ON ILS (LO-
CALIZER) or (GLIDE PATH) or RNAV
(GNSS) (chart title) APPROACH]
6. CLOSING FROM LEFT (or RIGHT) [RE-
PORT ESTABLISHED]
7. TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING
(three digits) [TO INTERCEPT] or [RE-
PORT ESTABLISHED]
8. EXPECT VECTOR ACROSS (intermedi-
ate segment [GNSS], localizer course or
aid) (reason)
9. THIS TURN WILL TAKE YOU
THROUGH (aid) [reason]
10. TAKING YOU THROUGH (aid) [reason]
11. MAINTAIN (level) UNTIL GLIDE PATH
INTERCEPTION
12. REPORT ESTABLISHED ON GLIDE
PATH
13. INTERCEPT (radio aid) [REPORT ES-
TABLISHED]
INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT PARALLEL 1. CLEARED FOR (chart title) APPROACH
RUNWAY APPROACHES 2. YOU HAVE CROSSED THE LOCALIZ-
ER, TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) IMMEDI-
ATELY AND RETURN TO THE LOCAL-
IZER
– Independent Parallel Runway Approaches in 3. RADAR INDICATES YOU ARE DEVI-
IMC when an aircraft is observed to be deviat- ATING LEFT (or RIGHT) OF THE LO-
ing towards the NTZ CALIZER COURSE
– When issuing break-out instructions to aircraft 4. BREAK-OUT ALERT, (call-sign) TURN
when an aircraft is observed penetrating, or in LEFT (or RIGHT) IMMEDIATELY
the PRM controller’s judgement will penetrate, HEADING (three digits) CLIMB (or DE-
the NTZ SCEND) TO (level)
POSITION (Distance) FROM TOUCHDOWN
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9.9 PILOT ACTIONS FOR SPEECHLESS RADAR APPROACH
PHRASEOLOGIES
CIRCUMSTANCES
PILOT REQUEST FOR SPEECHLESS RADAR ⋆ Pilot transmits four (4) separate and distinct
APPROACH WHEN MICROPHONE(S) UN- unmodulated transmissions of one second
SERVICEABLE duration
PILOT RESPONSE TO SUBSEQUENT CON-
TROL QUESTIONS
– affirmative or acknowledgment a. ⋆ one distinct transmission
– negative b. ⋆ two separate and distinct transmis-
sions
– say again
c. ⋆ three separate and distinct transmis-
sions
PILOT INDICATION OF A FURTHER AND PER- ⋆ Five (5) separate continuous transmissions
TINENT UNSERVICEABILITY OR AN EMER-
GENCY
PILOT INDICATION OF ABANDONING THE ⋆ A single continuous transmission as long as
AIRCRAFT practicable
CONTROLLER REQUIRES PILOT TO INDI- ⋆ WHEN (condition or instruction is com-
CATE WHEN AN INSTRUCTION HAS BEEN pleted) MAKE A TWO SECOND TRANS-
COMPLETED MISSION
10 CPDLC MESSAGE ELEMENTS

10.1 The following tables contain each of the FANS-1/A CPDLC message elements.
Key to Tables
Message Element — Displayed message text
Message Intent — Definition of the intent of the message
Responses
TYPE CLOSURE RESPONSES

W/U WILCO, UNABLE, will close the uplink message.
A/N AFFIRM, NEGATIVE, will close the uplink message.
R ROGER, will close the uplink message.
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NE Most messages with an NE attribute require an operational response. Only

the correct operational response is presented to the pilot. The uplink mes-
sage is considered to be closed on sending and does not require a response
to close the dialogue. The WILCO, UNABLE, AFFIRM, NEGATIVE, ROGER
and STANDBY responses are not enabled for pilot selection.
Y Response required.
N Response not required.
10.2 UPLINK MESSAGE ELEMENTS

10.2.1 Responses and Acknowledgements
Message Element Message Intent Response

UNABLE Indicates that ATS cannot comply with the request. NE
STANDBY Indicates that ATS has received the message and will NE
respond.
The pilot is informed that the request is being assessed
and there will be a short-term delay (within 10 mi-
nutes). The exchange is not closed and the request will
be responded to when conditions allow.
REQUEST DEFERRED Indicates that ATS has received the request but it has NE
been deferred until later.
The pilot is informed that the request is being assessed
and a long-term delay can be expected. The exchange
is not closed and the request will be responded to when
conditions allow.
ROGER Indicates that ATS has received and understood the NE
message.
AFFIRM Yes NE
NEGATIVE No NE
10.2.2 Vertical Clearances

EXPECT [altitude] Notification that a level change instruction should be ex- R
pected.
EXPECT CLIMB AT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
[time] the aircraft to commence climb at the specified time.
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EXPECT CLIMB AT [po- Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
sition] the aircraft to commence climb at the specified position.
EXPECT DESCENT AT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
[time] the aircraft to commence descent at the specified time.
EXPECT DESCENT AT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
[position] the aircraft to commence descent at the specified posi-
tion.
EXPECT CRUISE Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
CLIMB AT [time] the aircraft to commence cruise climb at the specified
time.
Due to different interpretations between the various ATS
units, this element should be avoided.
EXPECT CRUISE Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
CLIMB AT [position] the aircraft to commence cruise climb at the specified
position.
AT [time] EXPECT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
CLIMB TO [altitude] the aircraft to commence climb at the specified time to
the specified level.
AT [position] EXPECT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
CLIMB TO [altitude] the aircraft to commence climb at the specified position
to the specified level.
AT [time] EXPECT DE- Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
SCENT TO [altitude] the aircraft to commence descent at the specified time
to the specified level.
DESCENT TO [altitude] the aircraft to commence descent at the specified posi-
tion to the specified level.
AT [time] EXPECT Notification that an instruction should be expected for R
CRUISE CLIMB TO [alti- the aircraft to commence cruise climb at the specified
tude] time to the specified level.
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CRUISE CLIMB TO [alti- the aircraft to commence cruise climb at the specified
tude] position to the specified level.
MAINTAIN [altitude] Instruction to maintain the specified level. W/U
CLIMB TO AND MAIN- Instruction that a climb to a specified level is to com- W/U
TAIN [altitude] mence and the level is to be maintained when reached.
AT [time] CLIMB TO Instruction that at the specified time, a climb to the W/U
AND MAINTAIN [alti- specified level is to commence and once reached the
tude] specified level is to be maintained.
AT [position] CLIMB TO Instruction that at the specified position, a climb to the W/U
DESCEND TO AND Instruction that a descent to the specified level is to W/U
MAINTAIN [altitude] commence and the level is to be maintained when
reached.
AT [time] DESCEND TO Instruction that at the specified time a descent to the W/U
AT [position] DESCEND Instruction that at the specified position a descent to the W/U
TO AND MAINTAIN [alti- specified level is to commence and when the specified
tude] level is reached it is to be maintained.
CLIMB TO REACH [alti- Instruction that a climb is to commence at a rate such W/U
tude] BY [time] that the specified level is reached at or before the speci-
fied time.
CLIMB TO REACH [alti- Instruction that a climb is to commence at a rate such W/U
tude] BY [position] that the specified level is reached at or before the speci-
fied position.
DESCEND TO REACH Instruction that a descent is to commence at a rate such W/U
[altitude] BY [time] that the specified level is reached at or before the speci-
fied time.
DESCEND TO REACH Instruction that a descent is to commence at a rate such W/U
[altitude] BY [position] that the specified level is reached at or before the speci-
fied position.
MAINTAIN BLOCK [alti- A level within the specified vertical range is to be main- W/U
tude] TO [altitude] tained.
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CLIMB TO AND MAIN- Instruction that a climb to a level within the specified ver- W/U
TAIN BLOCK [altitude] tical range is to commence.
TO [altitude]
DESCEND TO AND Instruction that a descent to a level within the specified W/U
MAINTAIN BLOCK [alti- vertical range is to commence.
tude] TO [altitude]
CRUISE [altitude] Instruction that authorizes a pilot to conduct flight at any W/U
altitude from the minimum altitude up to and including
the altitude specified in the clearance. Further, it is ap-
proval for the pilot to proceed to and make an approach
at the destination airport.
CRUISE CLIMB TO [alti- A cruise climb is to commence and continue until the W/U
tude] specified level is reached.
CRUISE CLIMB ABOVE A cruise climb can commence once above the specified W/U
[altitude] level.
EXPEDITE CLIMB TO The climb to the specified level should be made at the W/U
[altitude] aircraft’s best rate.
EXPEDITE DESCENT The descent to the specified level should be made at the W/U
TO [altitude] aircraft’s best rate.
IMMEDIATELY CLIMB Urgent instruction to immediately climb to the specified W/U
TO [altitude] level.
IMMEDIATELY DE- Urgent instruction to immediately descend to the speci- W/U
SCEND TO [altitude] fied level.
IMMEDIATELY STOP Urgent instruction to immediately stop a climb once the W/U
CLIMB AT [altitude] specified level is reached.
IMMEDIATELY STOP Urgent instruction to immediately stop a descent once W/U
DESCENT AT [altitude] the specified level is reached.
CLIMB AT [vertical rate] Instruction to climb at not less than the specified rate. W/U
MINIMUM
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CLIMB AT [vertical rate] Instruction to climb at not above the specified rate. W/U
MAXIMUM
DESCEND AT [vertical Instruction to descend at not less than the specified rate. W/U
rate] MINIMUM
DESCEND AT [vertical Instruction to descend at not above the specified rate. W/U
rate] MAXIMUM
10.2.3 Crossing Constraints

EXPECT TO CROSS Notification that a level change instruction should be ex- R
[position] AT [altitude] pected which will require the specified position to be
crossed at the specified level.
[position] AT OR ABOVE pected which will require the specified position to be
[altitude] crossed at or above the specified level.
[position] AT OR BE- pected which will require the specified position to be
LOW [altitude] crossed at or below the specified level.
[position] AT AND MAIN- pected which will require the specified position to be
TAIN [altitude] crossed at the specified level which is to be maintained
subsequently.
CROSS [position] AT [al- The specified position is to be crossed at the specified W/U
titude] level. This may require the aircraft to modify its climb or
descent profile.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or above the W/U
ABOVE [altitude] specified level.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or below the W/U
BELOW [altitude] specified level.
CROSS [position] AT Instruction that the specified position is to be crossed at W/U
AND MAINTAIN [alti- the specified level and that level is to be maintained
tude] when reached.
CROSS [position] BE- The specified position is to be crossed at a level be- W/U
TWEEN [altitude] AND tween the specified levels.
[altitude]
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CROSS [position] AT The specified position is to be crossed at the specified W/U
[time] time.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or before the W/U
BEFORE [time] specified time.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or after the W/U
AFTER [time] specified time.
CROSS [position] BE- The specified position is to be crossed at a time be- W/U
TWEEN [time] AND tween the specified times.
[time]
[speed] speed and the specified speed is to be maintained until
further advised.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at a speed equal W/U
LESS THAN [speed] to or less than the specified speed and the specified
speed or less is to be maintained until further advised.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at a speed equal W/U
GREATER THAN to or greater than the specified speed and the specified
[speed] speed or greater is to be maintained until further ad-
vised.
[time] AT [altitude] time and the specified level.
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or before the W/U
BEFORE [time] AT [alti- specified time and at the specified level.
tude]
CROSS [position] AT OR The specified position is to be crossed at or after the W/U
AFTER [time] AT [alti- specified time and at the specified level.
tude]
CROSS [position] AT Instruction that the specified position is to be crossed at W/U
AND MAINTAIN [alti- the specified level and speed and the level and speed
tude] AT [speed] are to be maintained.
AT [time] CROSS [posi- Instruction that at the specified time the specified posi- W/U
tion] AT AND MAINTAIN tion is to be crossed at the specified level and the level
[altitude] is to be maintained.
AT [time] CROSS [posi- Instruction that at the specified time the specified posi- W/U
tion] AT AND MAINTAIN tion is to be crossed at the specified level and speed
[altitude] AT [speed] and the level and speed are to be maintained.
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10.2.4 Lateral Offsets

OFFSET [direction] [dis- Instruction to fly a parallel track to the cleared route at a W/U
tance offset] OF ROUTE displacement of the specified distance in the specified
direction.
AT [position] OFFSET Instruction to fly a parallel track to the cleared route at a W/U
[direction] [distance off- displacement of the specified distance in the specified
set] OF ROUTE direction and commencing at the specified position.
AT [time] OFFSET [di- Instruction to fly a parallel track to the cleared route at a W/U
rection] [distance offset] displacement of the specified distance in the specified
OF ROUTE direction and commencing at the specified time.
PROCEED BACK ON The cleared flight route is to be rejoined. W/U
ROUTE
REJOIN ROUTE BY [po- The cleared flight route is to be rejoined at or before the W/U
sition] specified position.
REJOIN ROUTE BY The cleared flight route is to be rejoined at or before the W/U
[time] specified time.
EXPECT BACK ON Notification that a clearance may be issued to enable R
ROUTE BY [position] the aircraft to rejoin the cleared route at or before the
specified position.
EXPECT BACK ON Notification that a clearance may be issued to enable R
ROUTE BY [time] the aircraft to rejoin the cleared route at or before the
specified time.
RESUME OWN NAVI- Instruction to resume own navigation following a period W/U
GATION of tracking or heading clearances. May be used in con-
junction with an instruction on how or where to rejoin the
cleared route.
10.2.5 Route Modifications

(predeparture clearance) Notification to the aircraft of the instructions to be fol- W/U
lowed from departure until the specified clearance limit.
PROCEED DIRECT TO Instruction to proceed directly from the present position W/U
[position] to the specified position.
WHEN ABLE PROCEED Instruction to proceed, when able, directly to the speci- W/U
DIRECT TO [position] fied position.
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AT [time] PROCEED DI- Instruction to proceed, at the specified time, directly to W/U
RECT TO [position] the specified position.
AT [position] PROCEED Instruction to proceed, at the specified position, directly W/U
DIRECT TO [position] to the specified position.
AT [altitude] PROCEED Instruction to proceed, upon reaching the specified level, W/U
DIRECT TO [position] directly to the specified position.
CLEARED TO [position] Instruction to proceed to the specified position via the W/U
VIA [route clearance] specified route.
CLEARED [route clear- Instruction to proceed via the specified route. W/U
ance]
CLEARED [procedure Instruction to proceed in accordance with the specified W/U
name] procedure.
CLEARED TO DEVIATE Approval to deviate up to the specified distance from the W/U
UP TO [direction] [dis- cleared route in the specified direction.
tance offset] OF ROUTE
AT [position] CLEARED Instruction to proceed from the specified position via the W/U
[route clearance] specified route.
AT [position] CLEARED Instruction to proceed from the specified position via the W/U
[procedure name] specified procedure.
EXPECT [route clear- Notification that a clearance to fly on the specified route R
ance] may be issued.
AT [position] EXPECT Notification that a clearance to fly on the specified route R
[route clearance] from the specified position may be issued.
EXPECT DIRECT TO Notification that a clearance to fly directly to the speci- R
[position] fied position may be issued.
AT [position] EXPECT Notification that a clearance to fly directly from the first R
DIRECT TO [position] specified position to the next specified position may be
issued.
AT [time] EXPECT DI- Notification that a clearance to fly directly to the speci- R
RECT TO [position] fied position commencing at the specified time may be
issued.
AT [altitude] EXPECT Notification that a clearance to fly directly to the speci- R
DIRECT TO [position] fied position commencing when the specified level is
reached may be issued.
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HOLD AT [position] Instruction to enter a holding pattern with the specified W/U
MAINTAIN [altitude] IN- characteristics at the specified position and level.
BOUND TRACK [de-
grees] [direction] TURN
LEG TIME [leg type]
HOLD AT [position] AS Instruction to enter a holding pattern with the published W/U
PUBLISHED MAINTAIN characteristics at the specified position and level.
[altitude]
EXPECT FURTHER Notification that an onwards clearance may be issued at R
CLEARANCE AT [time] the specified time.
TURN [direction] HEAD- Instruction to turn left or right as specified onto the W/U
ING [degrees] specified heading.
TURN [direction] Instruction to turn left or right as specified onto the W/U
GROUND TRACK [de- specified track.
grees]
FLY PRESENT HEAD- Instruction to continue to fly on the current heading. W/U
ING
AT [position] FLY HEAD- Instruction to fly on the specified heading from the speci- W/U
ING [degrees] fied position.
IMMEDIATELY TURN Instruction to turn immediately left or right as specified W/U
[direction] HEADING [de- onto the specified heading.
grees]
EXPECT [procedure Notification that a clearance may be issued for the air- R
name] craft to fly the specified procedure.
10.2.6 Speed Changes

AT [time] EXPECT Notification that a speed instruction may be issued to be R
[speed] effective at the specified time.
AT [position] EXPECT Notification that a speed instruction may be issued to be R
[speed] effective at the specified position.
AT [altitude] EXPECT Notification that a speed instruction may be issued to be R
[speed] effective at the specified level.
AT [time] EXPECT Notification that a speed range instruction may be is- R
[speed] TO [speed] sued to be effective at the specified time.
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COMMUNICATIONS

AT [position] EXPECT Notification that a speed range instruction may be is- R
[speed] TO [speed] sued to be effective at the specified position.
AT [altitude] EXPECT Notification that a speed range instruction may be is- R
[speed] TO [speed] sued to be effective at the specified level.
MAINTAIN [speed] The specified speed is to be maintained. W/U
MAINTAIN PRESENT The present speed is to be maintained. W/U
SPEED
MAINTAIN [speed] OR The specified speed or a greater speed is to be main- W/U
GREATER tained.
MAINTAIN [speed] OR The specified speed or a lesser speed is to be main- W/U
LESS tained.
MAINTAIN [speed] TO A speed within the specified range is to be maintained. W/U
[speed]
INCREASE SPEED TO The present speed is to be increased to the specified W/U
[speed] speed and maintained until further advised.
INCREASE SPEED TO The present speed is to be increased to the specified W/U
[speed] OR GREATER speed or greater, and maintained at or above the speci-
fied speed until further advised.
REDUCE SPEED TO The present speed is to be reduced to the specified W/U
[speed] speed and maintained until further advised.
REDUCE SPEED TO The present speed is to be reduced to the specified W/U
[speed] OR LESS speed or less and maintained at or below the specified
speed until further advised.
DO NOT EXCEED The specified speed is not to be exceeded. W/U
[speed]
RESUME NORMAL Notification that the aircraft need no longer comply with W/U
SPEED the previously issued speed restriction.
10.2.7 Contact / Monitor / Surveillance Requests

CONTACT [icao unit The pilot is required to call the ATS facility on the speci- W/U
name] [frequency] fied frequency.
AT [position] CONTACT At the specified position the ATS unit with the specified W/U
[icao unit name] [fre- ATS unit name is to be contacted on the specified fre-
quency] quency.
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COMMUNICATIONS

AT [time] CONTACT At the specified time the ATS unit with the specified ATS W/U
[icao unit name] [fre- unit name is to be contacted on the specified frequency.
quency]
MONITOR [icao unit The pilot is required to monitor the specified ATS unit on W/U
name] [frequency] the specified frequency. The pilot is not required to
check in.
AT [position] MONITOR At the specified position the ATS unit with the specified W/U
[icao unit name] [fre- ATS unit name is to be monitored on the specified fre-
quency] quency.
AT [time] MONITOR At the specified time the ATS unit with the specified ATS W/U
[icao unit name] [fre- unit name is to be monitored on the specified frequency.
quency]
SQUAWK [beacon code] The specified code (SSR code) is to be selected. W/U
STOP SQUAWK The SSR transponder responses are to be disabled. W/U
SQUAWK ALTITUDE The SSR transponder responses should include level in- W/U
formation.
STOP ALTITUDE The SSR transponder responses should no longer in- W/U
SQUAWK clude level information.
SQUAWK IDENT The ‘ident’ function on the SSR transponder is to be ac- W/U
tuated.
REPORT BACK ON Instruction to report when the aircraft is back on the R
ROUTE cleared route.
REPORT LEAVING [alti- Instruction to report when the aircraft has left the speci- R
tude] fied level. Either a level that has been maintained, or a
level passed through on climb or descent.
REPORT LEVEL [alti- Instruction to report when the aircraft is in level flight at R
tude] the specified level.
Some States do not use this message in order to avoid
confusion because it does not comply with existing voice
phraseology.
REPORT REACHING Instruction to report when the aircraft has reached the R
[altitude] specified level.
To be interpreted as “Report reaching an assigned lev-
el.”
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COMMUNICATIONS

REPORT REACHING Instruction to report when the aircraft is within the speci- R
BLOCK [altitude] TO [al- fied vertical range.
titude]
REPORT PASSING [po- Instruction to report when the aircraft has passed the R
sition] specified position.
REPORT DISTANCE [to/ Instruction to report the present distance to or from the NE
from] [position] specified position.
REPORT REMAINING Instruction to report the amount of fuel remaining and NE
FUEL AND SOULS ON the number of persons on board.
BOARD
CONFIRM POSITION Instruction to report the present position. NE
CONFIRM ALTITUDE Instruction to report the present level. NE
CONFIRM SPEED Instruction to report the present speed. NE
CONFIRM ASSIGNED Instruction to confirm and acknowledge the currently as- NE
ALTITUDE signed level.
SPEED signed speed.
ROUTE signed route.
CONFIRM TIME OVER Instruction to confirm the previously reported time over NE
REPORTED WAYPOINT the last reported waypoint.
CONFIRM REPORTED Instruction to confirm the identity of the previously repor- NE
WAYPOINT ted waypoint.
CONFIRM NEXT WAY- Instruction to confirm the identity of the next waypoint. NE
POINT
CONFIRM NEXT WAY- Instruction to confirm the previously reported estimated NE
POINT ETA time at the next waypoint.
CONFIRM ENSUING Instruction to confirm the identity of the next plus one NE
WAYPOINT waypoint.
CONFIRM REQUEST The request was not understood. It should be clarified NE
and re-submitted.
CONFIRM SQUAWK Instruction to report the currently selected transponder NE
code.
CONFIRM HEADING Instruction to report the present heading. NE
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COMMUNICATIONS

CONFIRM GROUND Instruction to report the present ground track. NE
TRACK
CONFIRM ATIS CODE Instruction to report the identification code of the last NE
ATIS received.
REQUEST POSITION Instruction to make a position report. NE
REPORT To be used if the controller does not receive a sched-
uled position report.
10.2.8 Negotiation Requests

WHEN CAN YOU AC- Request for the earliest time at which the specified level NE
CEPT [altitude] can be accepted.
CAN YOU ACCEPT [alti- Instruction to report whether or not the specified level A/N
tude] AT [position] can be accepted at the specified position.
CAN YOU ACCEPT [alti- Instruction to report whether or not the specified level A/N
tude] AT [time] can be accepted at the specified time.
WHEN CAN YOU AC- Instruction to report the earliest time when the specified NE
CEPT [speed] speed can be accepted.
WHEN CAN YOU AC- Instruction to report the earliest time when the specified NE
CEPT [direction] [dis- offset track can be accepted.
tance offset] OFFSET
10.2.9 Air Traffic Advisories

ALTIMETER [altimeter] ATS advisory that the altimeter setting should be the R
specified setting.
RADAR SERVICES ATS advisory that the radar service is terminated. R
TERMINATED
RADAR CONTACT [po- ATS advisory that radar contact has been established at R
sition] the specified position.
RADAR CONTACT ATS advisory that radar contact has been lost. R
LOST
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COMMUNICATIONS

CHECK STUCK MICRO- A continuous transmission is detected on the specified R
PHONE [frequency] frequency. Check the microphone button.
ATIS [atis code] ATS advisory that the ATIS information identified by the R
specified code is the current ATIS information.
10.2.10 System Management Messages

ERROR (error informa- A system generated message that the ground system NE
tion) has detected an error.
NEXT DATA AUTHORI- Notification to the avionics that the next data authority is NE
TY [facility designation] the specified ATSU.
END SERVICE Notification to the avionics that the data link connection NE
with the current data authority is being terminated.
SERVICE UNAVAILA- Notification that the ground system does not support this NE
BLE message.
(icao facility designation) Notification to the pilot of an ATSU identifier. NE
(tp4Table)
10.2.11 Additional Messages

WHEN READY The associated instruction may be complied with at any NE
future time.
THEN Used to link two messages, indicating the proper order NE
of execution of clearances/instructions.
DUE TO TRAFFIC The associated instruction is issued due to traffic con- NE
siderations.
DUE TO AIRSPACE RE- The associated instruction is issued due to airspace re- NE
STRICTION strictions.
DISREGARD The indicated communication should be ignored. R
The previously sent uplink CPDLC message shall be ig-
nored. DISREGARD should not refer to a clearance or
instruction. If DISREGARD is used, another element
shall be added to clarify which message is to be disre-
garded.
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COMMUNICATIONS

MAINTAIN OWN SEPA- Notification that the pilot is responsible for maintaining W/U
RATION AND VMC separation from other traffic and is also responsible for
maintaining Visual Meteorological Conditions.
AT PILOTS DISCRE- Used in conjunction with a clearance or instruction to in- N
TION dicate that the pilot may execute when prepared to do
so.
[free text] Normal urgency attribute R
[free text] Distress urgency attribute R
10.3 DOWNLINK MESSAGE ELEMENTS

10.3.1 Responses

WILCO The instruction is understood and will be complied with. N
UNABLE The instruction cannot be complied with. N
STANDBY Wait for a reply. N
The controller is informed that the request is being as-
sessed and there will be a short-term delay (within 10
minutes). The exchange is not closed and the request
will be responded to when conditions allow.
ROGER Message received and understood. N
ROGER is the only correct response to an uplink free
text message. Under no circumstances will ROGER be
used instead of AFFIRM.
AFFIRM Yes N
AFFIRM is an appropriate response to an uplinked ne-
gotiation request message (e.g., CAN YOU ACCEPT
[altitude] AT [time]).
NEGATIVE No N
NEGATIVE is an appropriate response to an uplinked
negotiation request message (e.g., CAN YOU ACCEPT
[altitude] AT [time]).
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COMMUNICATIONS
10.3.2 Vertical Requests

REQUEST [altitude] Request to fly at the specified level. Y
REQUEST BLOCK [alti- Request to fly at a level within the specified vertical Y
tude] TO [altitude] range.
REQUEST CRUISE Request to cruise climb to the specified level. Y
CLIMB TO [altitude] Due to different interpretations between the various ATS
REQUEST CLIMB TO Request to climb to the specified level. Y
[altitude]
REQUEST DESCENT Request to descend to the specified level. Y
TO [altitude]
AT [position] REQUEST Request that at the specified position a climb to the Y
CLIMB TO [altitude] specified level be approved.
AT [position] REQUEST Request that at the specified position a descent to the Y
DESCENT TO [altitude] specified level be approved.
AT [time] REQUEST Request that at the specified time a climb to the speci- Y
CLIMB TO [altitude] fied level be approved.
AT [time] REQUEST DE- Request that at the specified time a descent to the Y
SCENT TO [altitude] specified level be approved.
10.3.3 Lateral Off-set Requests

REQUEST OFFSET [di- Request that a parallel track, offset from the cleared Y
rection] [distance offset] track by the specified distance in the specified direction,
OF ROUTE be approved.
AT [position] REQUEST Request that a parallel track, offset from the cleared Y
OFFSET [direction] [dis- track by the specified distance in the specified direction,
tance offset] OF ROUTE be approved from the specified position.
AT [time] REQUEST Request that a parallel track, offset from the cleared Y
OFFSET [direction] [dis- track by the specified distance in the specified direction,
tance offset] OF ROUTE be approved from the specified time.
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COMMUNICATIONS
10.3.4 Speed Requests

REQUEST [speed] Request to fly at the specified speed. Y
REQUEST [speed] TO Request to fly within the specified speed range. Y
[speed]
10.3.5 Voice Contact Requests

REQUEST VOICE CON- Request for voice contact. Y
TACT
REQUEST VOICE CON- Request for voice contact on the specified frequency. Y
TACT [frequency]
10.3.6 Route Modification Requests

REQUEST DIRECT TO Request to track from the present position direct to the Y
[position] specified position.
REQUEST [procedure Request for the specified procedure clearance. Y
name]
REQUEST [route clear- Request for a route clearance. Y
ance]
REQUEST CLEAR- Request for either a pre-departure or route clearance. Y
ANCE
REQUEST WEATHER Request for a weather deviation to the specified position Y
DEVIATION TO [posi- via the specified route.
tion] VIA [route clear-
ance]
REQUEST WEATHER Request for a weather deviation up to the specified dis- Y
DEVIATION UP TO [di- tance off track in the specified direction.
rection] [distance offset]
OF ROUTE
REQUEST HEADING Request a clearance to adopt the specified heading. Y
[degrees]
REQUEST GROUND Request a clearance to adopt the specified ground Y
TRACK [degrees] track.
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COMMUNICATIONS
10.3.7 Reports

LEAVING [altitude] Notification of leaving the specified level. N
CLIMBING TO [altitude] Notification of climbing to the specified level. N
DESCENDING TO [alti- Notification of descending to the specified level. N
tude]
PASSING [position] Notification of passing the specified position. N
AT [time] [distance] [to/ At the specified time, the aircraft’s position was as N
from] [position] specified.
PRESENT ALTITUDE Notification of the present level. N
[altitude]
PRESENT POSITION Notification of the present position. N
[position]
PRESENT SPEED Notification of the present speed. N
[speed]
PRESENT HEADING Notification of the present heading in degrees. N
[degrees]
PRESENT GROUND Notification of the present ground track in degrees. N
TRACK [degrees]
LEVEL [altitude] Notification that the aircraft is maintaining the specified N
level.
REACHING [altitude] Notification that the aircraft has reached the specified N
level.
REACHING BLOCK [alti- Notification that the aircraft has reached a level within N
tude] TO [altitude] the specified vertical range.
ASSIGNED ALTITUDE Read-back of the assigned level. N
[altitude]
ASSIGNED BLOCK [alti- Read-back of the assigned vertical range. N
tude] TO [altitude]
ASSIGNED SPEED Read-back of the assigned speed. N
[speed]
ASSIGNED ROUTE Read-back of the assigned route. N
[route clearance]
BACK ON ROUTE The aircraft has regained the cleared route. N
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COMMUNICATIONS

NEXT WAYPOINT [posi- The next waypoint is the specified position. N
tion]
NEXT WAYPOINT ETA The ETA at the next waypoint is as specified. N
[time]
ENSUING WAYPOINT The next plus one waypoint is the specified position. N
[position]
REPORTED WAYPOINT Clarification of previously reported waypoint passage. N
[position]
REPORTED WAYPOINT Clarification of time over previously reported waypoint. N
[time]
SQUAWKING [beacon The specified (SSR) code has been selected. N
code]
POSITION REPORT Reports the current position of the aircraft when the pilot N
[position report] presses the button to send this message.
ATC expects position reports based on this downlink
message.
ATIS [atis code] The code of the latest ATIS received is as specified. N
DEVIATING [direction] Notification that the aircraft is deviating from the cleared N
[distance offset] OF route by the specified distance in the specified direction.
ROUTE
10.3.8 Negotiation Requests

WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to the Y
PECT [speed] specified speed can be expected.
WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to a Y
PECT [speed] TO speed within the specified range can be expected.
[speed]
WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to re- Y
PECT BACK ON gain the planned route can be expected.
ROUTE
WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to de- Y
PECT LOWER ALTI- scend can be expected.
TUDE
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COMMUNICATIONS

WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to Y
PECT HIGHER ALTI- climb can be expected.
TUDE
WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to Y
PECT CRUISE CLIMB cruise climb to the specified level can be expected.
TO [altitude]
10.3.9 Emergency Messages

PAN PAN PAN Urgency prefix. N
MAYDAY MAYDAY Distress prefix. N
MAYDAY
[remaining fuel] OF Notification of fuel remaining and number of persons on N
FUEL REMAINING AND board.
[souls on board] SOULS
ON BOARD
CANCEL EMERGENCY Notification that the pilot wishes to cancel the emergen- N
cy condition.
DIVERTING TO [posi- Notification that the aircraft is diverting to the specified N
tion] or position via the specified route.
DIVERTING TO [posi-
tion] VIA [x]
OFFSETTING [direction] Notification that the aircraft is deviating the specified dis- N
[distance offset] OF tance in the specified direction off the cleared route and
ROUTE maintaining a parallel track.
DESCENDING TO [alti- Notification that the aircraft is descending to the speci- N
tude] fied level.
10.3.10 System Management Messages

ERROR [error informa- A system generated message that the avionics has de- N
tion] tected an error.
NOT CURRENT DATA A system generated denial to any CPDLC message sent N
AUTHORITY from a ground facility that is not the Current Data Au-
thority.
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[icao facility designation] Notification to the ground system that the specified AT- N
SU is the current data authority.
[version number] A system generated message indicating the software N
version number.
10.3.11 Additional Messages

DUE TO WEATHER Used to explain reasons for aircraft operator’s messag- N
es.
DUE TO AIRCRAFT Used to explain reasons for aircraft operator’s message. N
PERFORMANCE
MAINTAIN OWN SEPA- States a desire by the pilot to provide his/her own sepa- N
RATION AND VMC ration and remain in VMC.
AT PILOTS DISCRE- Used in conjunction with another message to indicate N
TION that the pilot wishes to execute the request when the pi-
lot is prepared to do so.
[free text] Normal urgency attribute N
WE CAN ACCEPT [alti- We can accept the specified level at the specified time. N
tude] AT [time]
WE CAN ACCEPT We can accept the specified speed at the specified time. N
[speed] AT [time]
WE CAN ACCEPT [di- We can accept a parallel track offset the specified dis- N
rection] [distance offset] tance in the specified direction at the specified time.
AT [time]
WE CANNOT ACCEPT We cannot accept the specified level. N
[altitude]
WE CANNOT ACCEPT We cannot accept the specified speed. N
[speed]
WE CANNOT ACCEPT We cannot accept a parallel track offset the specified N
[direction] [distance off- distance in the specified direction.
set]
WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to N
PECT CLIMB TO [alti- climb to the specified level can be expected.
tude]
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COMMUNICATIONS

WHEN CAN WE EX- Request for the earliest time at which a clearance to de- N
PECT DESCENT TO [al- scend to the specified level can be expected.
titude]
[free text] Distress urgency attribute Y
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ATS SURVEILLANCE SERVICES AND PROCEDURES
1 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS PROCEDURES

1.1 Pilots requesting an ATS surveillance service should address their request to the ATS unit
with which they are communicating.
1.2 Where an Area Approach Control Center (AACC) is not established, the pilot will be advised
the time or place to transfer to a control frequency.
1.3 Where an AACC is established, procedural and ATS surveillance services may be provided
on a common frequency. The call sign identifies the service being provided; e.g., “....CENTER”,
“....APPROACH”, “....DEPARTURES”.
2 IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES
2.1 Before exercising an ATS surveillance there will be positive identification of the aircraft con-
cerned. Control services will not be provided until the aircraft is within controlled airspace.
3 VECTORING PROCEDURES
3.1 On receipt of heading instructions, the pilot must, unless otherwise instructed, immediately
commence a rate 1 turn, or the standard rate of turn for the aircraft type, and then maintain the
heading given.
3.2 Aircraft will normally be vectored on routes along which the pilot can monitor navigation.
3.3 ATC are not permitted to vector Special VFR flights, unless warranted by emergency condi-
tions.
3.4 When an aircraft is given a vector which will take it off an established route, the pilot will be
advised of the reason for the vector unless it is self-evident.
3.5 When an aircraft reports unreliable directional instruments, the pilot will be requested, prior
to the issuance of maneuvering instructions, to make all turns at an agreed rate and to carry out
the instructions immediately on receipt.
3.6 When aircraft are being vectored, the controller will assign altitudes which allow for terrain
clearance. However, in VMC by day an aircraft may be permitted to arrange its own terrain clear-
ance. In such instances, the aircraft will be instructed to [TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING
(heading)] [CLIMB (or DESCEND) TO (level)] VISUAL.
3.7 Pilots being vectored will be routinely advised of their position to enable pilot navigation in
the event of communication or ATS surveillance system failure.
3.8 The interval between ATC transmissions will be kept short to enable the pilot to quickly rec-
ognize a communication failure. When aircraft are on headings that could infringe terrain clear-
ance or separation standards, the interval between transmissions will not exceed 30 seconds.
3.9 Before take-off ATC may assign a heading for a departing aircraft to assume after take-off,
followed by frequency change instructions if appropriate. Headings, other than those assigned for
a radar SID, will only be issued for a visual departure by day.
3.10 Arriving aircraft may be vectored to:
a. establish for a radar or pilot-interpreted approach;
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b. a position from which a visual approach can be made;

c. avoid areas of hazardous weather or severe turbulence;
d. expedite traffic flow or conform to noise abatement requirements.
3.11 For a pilot-interpreted approach, aircraft will be vectored to be established on final track at
least two (2) miles prior to commencement of final approach. The final intercept heading will nor-
mally intercept the final approach track at an angle of 45° or less. When an aircraft is vectored for
a shortened instrument approach, the final approach point is the interception of the prescribed
descent profile.
3.12 Should the aircraft have to be vectored through the final approach track, the controller will
advise the pilot.
3.13 When the aircraft is provided with the vector to intercept final for a pilot-interpreted
approach, the pilot will be:
a. advised of range from the aerodrome, or position reference the final approach point;
b. informed that the vector is to intercept the approach aid;
c. provided with a clearance for the approach, when such a clearance has been authorized;
and
d. instructed to report when established on the final approach track.
NOTE: When ILS is used for final approach, pilots should report when established on the
localizer and not delay this report until the glide path is intercepted.
3.14 When the pilot reports established on final, he/she shall be advised when to transfer to the
tower frequency.
3.15 Unless otherwise instructed, the pilot-in-command should change automatically to tower
frequency, provided that:
a. the aircraft is established on the final approach track and has been cleared for final
approach; and
b. air-ground communications congestion or failure has not allowed the pilot to report “ESTAB-
LISHED” or obtain a clearance to transfer to tower; and
c. transfer to tower shall not be prior to 4 NM from touchdown.
3.16 A vectoring service will not normally be terminated until the aircraft is established within the
navigation tolerance of its cleared route, except on transfer to tower. However, subject to identifi-
cation, a vectoring service will be continued if requested.
3.17 When a vectoring service is terminated, the pilot will be:
a. provided with position information, including, if applicable, displacement from the nominated
track; and
b. provided with a heading or track clearance to intercept the nominated track for the pilot-inter-
preted navigation aid; or
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c. provided with a track clearance direct to an RNAV way-point to intercept the nominated track
(for an RNAV or RNP approved aircraft).
3.18 Position information will be passed to aircraft in one of the following forms:
a. a bearing and distance (using points of the compass) from the aerodrome reference point, a
navigation aid, or a known position;
b. a heading and distance to the appropriate reporting point, enroute navigation aid, or
approach aid;
c. over a well known geographical position;
d. a distance to the runway touchdown (as track miles to run).
3.19 An aircraft under ATS surveillance service control will be advised of its position in the fol-
lowing circumstances:
a. on identification, unless the identification is established:
1. based on the pilot’s report of the aircraft position, or within 1 NM of the runway on
departure, if the observed position on the situation display is consistent with the air-
craft’s time of departure; or
2. by use of ADS-B aircraft identification, SSR Mode S aircraft identification or assigned
discrete SSR codes if the location of the observed position indication is consistent with
the current flight plan of the aircraft; or
3. by transfer of identification;
b. when the pilot requests this information;
c. when the pilot’s estimate differs significantly from the controller’s estimate based on the
observed position;
d. when the pilot is instructed to resume own navigation after vectoring if the current instruc-
tions had diverted the aircraft from a previously assigned route;
e. immediately before termination of ATS surveillance service, if the aircraft is observed to devi-
ate from its intended route.
f. as soon, after first contact with approach radar control, as a distance to run to touchdown
becomes evident;
g. when a regular circuit pattern is used to vector on to the final approach path (at least once on
each leg);
h. when a straight-in approach is provided.
4 ATC RESPONSIBILITIES IN RESPECT OF UNIDENTIFIED

AIRCRAFT
4.1 ATC has no responsibility to initiate avoiding action for aircraft in controlled airspace in
respect of unidentified aircraft which can reasonably be assumed to be outside controlled air-
space.
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4.2 If an aircraft is likely to be a hazard to controlled aircraft receiving an ATS surveillance serv-
ice, the controller will take appropriate action to preserve the safety of the controlled aircraft.
4.3 Where there is an ATS surveillance service in non-controlled airspace, identified IFR aircraft
and VFR aircraft receiving a SIS will be provided with traffic information about known conflicting
aircraft, unless it is impracticable. If requested by the pilot and if possible, a course of avoiding
action will be suggested.
4.4 Traffic information in respect of an unidentified aircraft will normally take the following form:
a. relative position of the unidentified aircraft to aircraft track in terms of the 12 hour clock
except that, if the identified aircraft is turning, relative position will be specified by reference
to compass points;
b. distance from the unidentified aircraft in miles;
c. direction in which the unidentified aircraft appears to be proceeding.
5 SPEED CONTROL (ARRIVING AIRCRAFT)

5.1 To facilitate the provision of ATS surveillance services in controlled airspace, a pilot may
expect the application of speed control. Speed control instructions refer to indicated airspeed or
Mach number.
5.2 The pilot must request an alternative when the speed control instruction is unacceptable on
operational grounds.
5.3 When the application of speed control can be foreseen, a pilot will be advised of future inten-
tions.
5.4 A pilot will be advised to resume desired speed when a specific speed control instruction is
no longer necessary. Unless otherwise stated, a speed control instruction applies until the aircraft
reaches the point in the descent profile where the speed would normally be reduced below that
assigned by ATC. Unless otherwise specified, a clearance for final approach (except DME arrival)
or a clearance for visual approach terminates speed control.
6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
(See EMERGENCY Section)
7 AIRCRAFT TRANSPONDER
7.1 OPERATION OF SSR TRANSPONDERS
7.1.1 Except as indicated below, ATS will assign a temporary discrete code for each flight sector
for aircraft operating in controlled airspace, and for aircraft participating in Surveillance Informa-
tion Service (SIS).
7.1.2 Unless advised otherwise by ATC, pilots of Mode 3A or Mode S transponder-equipped air-
craft operating in Australian airspace must activate their transponders, and where a Mode C
capability is also available it must be activated simultaneously with Mode 3A.
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NOTE: Pilots must ensure that transponders and ADS-B transmitters are activated and the alti-
tude function is selected, as:
a. primary radar coverage only exists within 50 NM of major airports and the remainder of the
ATS surveillance system relies on SSR transponder and ADS-B transmitter information; and
b. TCAS relies on transponder information for its pilot alerting and collision avoidance func-
tions.
7.1.3 Consistent with ICAO Regional (Asia & Pacific – APAC) SSR code management code
continuity objectives, Australia's ATM system has been configured to maximize retention of the
discrete code assigned on departure to international flights inbound to, or over flying, Australia.
This retention normally relies on code assignment notified via the DEP message, and is princi-
pally enabled for departures from other APAC Region States. When a departure or other code
assigned to a flight cannot be retained in Australian airspace, pilots will be assigned a new SSR
code. ATC procedures may also require that pilots be asked to squawk the code being retained.
7.1.4 When operating in Australian airspace, or on reaching the Australian FIR boundary if
inbound to Australia, pilots of Mode 3A transponder equipped aircraft must squawk the assigned
temporary discrete code for that flight sector, or if not assigned a temporary discrete code, the
appropriate non-discrete code from the following listing, unless advised otherwise by ATS:
a. Civil flights in classes A, C and D airspace, or IFR flights in Class E airspace — 3000.
b. Civil IFR flights in Class G airspace — 2000.
c. Civil VFR flights in classes E or G airspace — 1200.
d. Military flights in classes A, C, D or E airspace — 5000.
e. Military flights in Class G airspace — 6000.
f. Civil flights not involved in special operations or SAR operating in Class G airspace in
excess of 15 NM offshore — 4000.
g. Civil flights engaged in littoral surveillance — 7615.
h. Ground testing by aircraft maintenance staff — 2100.
i. Flights operating at aerodromes (in lieu of a., b., or c. when assigned by ATC) — 0100.
7.1.5 Pilots of flights which will require a SIS and/or a clearance into controlled airspace, and for
which a discrete code has already been coordinated, must select that code immediately prior to
making the SIS/clearance request.
7.1.6 A pilot must not operate the identification function (SPI) unless requested by ATC.
7.1.7 Flights assigned a temporary discrete SSR code by ATS must squawk that code until ter-
mination of the flight sector, unless advised otherwise by ATS. If not assigned a discrete code, the
appropriate generic code must be used.
7.1.8 A pilot operating a Mode 3A/C transponder at a radar controlled aerodrome must:
a. on departure, leave the transponder selected to STANDBY until entering the departure
runway; and
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b. on arrival, select the transponder to STANDBY or OFF as soon as practicable after landing.
7.1.9 A pilot operating a Mode S transponder must:
a. Enter the aircraft’s identification that corresponds exactly to the Aircraft Identification shown
in Item 7 of the flight notification filed with air traffic control for the flight for those aircraft that
are capable of reporting Aircraft Identification. The ICAO defined format for entry of the Air-
craft Identification shall be used except for domestic operations when VH is not to be entered
on the flight notification. (e.g. VOZ123D, REX638, QFA842, VHQFO (international), FDA...)
b. On receipt of ATC clearance, or requesting the earlier of Push Back or Taxi, select TA/RA/
XPDR/ON AUTO as applicable.
NOTE 1: If AUTO mode is not available Select ON (e.g. XPDR) and assigned Mode A code.
NOTE 2: Australia does not require TA/RA to be de-selected while aircraft is on ground.
c. When parked and shutting down engines, select STANDBY.
d. For Mode S equipped aircraft taxiing without flight plan, the appropriate Mode A code
according to para 7.1.4 should be selected and the aircraft identification entered exactly as
the callsign used in flight.
7.1.10 Pilots must select the transponder to STANDBY before effecting an SSR code change
and returning the transponder to ON/ALT.
NOTE: This action is required to prevent possible loss of displayed aircraft position / label infor-
mation and possible misidentification of aircraft in automated Australian ATC systems due to tem-
porary selection (while effecting the change) of a code already in use.
7.1.11 When acknowledging code setting instructions or changes to settings, the pilot must read
back the code to be set.
7.1.12 To facilitate harmonization with the air traffic management systems used in the FIRs of
adjacent ICAO states (other than the Mauritius FIR), ATC will allocate civil international flights a
discrete code from Australia’s ICAO international reservation for use from the time of their depar-
ture.
7.1.13 Unless instructed otherwise by ATS, pilots of military international flights are required to
set code 5000 before departure from an Australian airport.
8 OPERATING REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSPONDERS

8.1 Pilots of aircraft fitted with a serviceable Mode 3A or Mode S transponder must activate the
transponder at all times during flight, and if the Mode 3A transponder is Mode C capable, that
mode must also be operated continuously.
8.2 Aircraft equipped with a Mode S transponder having an aircraft identification feature shall
transmit the aircraft identification as specified in Item 7 of the flight notification or, when no flight
notification has been filed, the aircraft registration.
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9 OPERATING REQUIREMENTS FOR ADS-B TRANSMITTERS

9.1 Pilots of aircraft fitted with a serviceable ADS-B transmitter which has been confirmed suita-
ble to receive ADS-B derived ATS surveillance services in Australia should activate the transmit-
ter at all times during flight.
NOTE 1: Some ADS-B installations may share controls with the SSR transponder, meaning that
independent operation of the two systems is not possible.
NOTE 2: If it is not possible to comply with a particular instruction the pilot shall advise ATC and
request alternative instructions.
9.2 Aircraft equipped with ADS-B having an aircraft identification feature shall transmit the air-
craft identification as specified in the flight notification or, when no flight notification has been filed,
the aircraft registration.
9.3 For further information on the operation of ADS-B transmitters, including normal and emer-
gency codes, see Emergency.
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SPECIAL OPERATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
1 MERCY FLIGHTS
1.1 When an urgent medical, flood or fire relief or evacuation flight is proposed in order to
relieve a person from grave and imminent danger and failure to do so is likely to result in loss of
life or serious and permanent disability and the flight will involve irregular operation, a mercy flight
shall be declared.
1.2 A mercy flight must only be declared by the pilot-in-command, and the factors / risks that the
pilot-in-command must consider in the declaration, commencement and continuation of the flight
are detailed in paragraph 1.5.
1.3 A flight must not be declared a mercy flight when:
a. it can comply with the applicable regulations and orders; or
b. operational concessions to permit the anticipated irregular operations can be obtained.
In these cases, the flight should be notified as Search and Rescue (SAR), Medical (MEDEVAC or
HOSP), Flood or Fire Relief (FFR). Special consideration or priority will be granted by ATC if nec-
essary.
1.4 A mercy flight must not be undertaken when:
a. alternative means of achieving the same relief are available; or
b. the crew and other occupants of the aircraft involved will be exposed to undue hazard; or
c. relief or rescue can be delayed until a more suitable aircraft or more favorable operating con-
ditions are available.
1.5 In assessing the justification of risks involved in a mercy flight, the pilot must consider the
following:
a. the availability of alternative transport or alternative medical aid;
b. the weather conditions enroute and at the landing place(s);
c. the distance from which it should be possible to see the landing place(s);
d. the air distance and the type of terrain involved;
e. the navigation facilities usable and the reliability of those facilities (such facilities may
include landmarks, etc.);
f. the availability of suitable alternate aerodrome(s);
g. the availability and reliability of communications facilities;
h. the asymmetric performance of the aircraft;
i. whether the pilot’s experience reasonably meets the requirements of the mercy flight;
j. the effect on the person requiring assistance if the flight is delayed until improved operating
conditions exist;
k. whether the flight is to be made to the nearest or most suitable hospital; and
l. the competence of the authority requesting the mercy flight.
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1.6 The pilot-in-command of a mercy flight must:

a. give flight notification as required for a charter flight and identify the flight by the term
“MERCY FLIGHT”. This notification shall include the reason for the mercy flight and refer-
ence to any rule or regulation which will not be complied with;
b. specify reporting points or times when contact will be made;
c. specify the special procedures intended or special assistance required of the ground organi-
zation; and
d. limit the operating crew and other persons carried in the aircraft to the minimum number
required to conduct the flight.
1.6.1 If the mercy flight applies only to a portion of the flight, this must be stated in the flight noti-
fication. If a normal flight develops into a mercy flight, the pilot-in-command must take appropriate
action.
2 GLIDING OPERATIONS
2.1 GENERAL
2.1.1 Pilots should take extra care when operating at an aerodrome where gliding operations
are in progress. Gliding operations are indicated by the “gliding operations in progress” ground
signal displayed next to the primary wind direction indicator. Pilots should also establish whether
the gliders are being launched by wire or aerotow, or both.
2.1.2 Where aerotowing is in progress, pilots should remain well clear of gliders under tow. If
wire launching is used, pilots should establish the locations of the winch or tow car and the cable,
and remain well clear. Overflying the active runway below 2000 ft AGL is not advised, nor is land-
ing without first ascertaining that the cable is on the ground and not across the landing path. Aero-
tow and winch launching are possible up to 4000 ft AGL but launches to 1500 ft or 2000 ft AGL
are normal.
2.1.3 Except for operations in controlled airspace, gliding operations may be conducted no-
radio, or may be on frequencies 122.5 MHz, 122.7 MHz or 122.9 MHz, which have been allocated
for use by gliders. Unless otherwise authorized, gliding operations in controlled airspace must be
conducted using the appropriate air traffic control frequency. Radio equipped gliders at non-tow-
ered aerodromes will use the CTAF. Except when operationally required to maintain communica-
tions on a discrete frequency listed above, glider pilots are expected to listen out on the area VHF
frequency and announce if in potential conflict.
2.2
2.2 OPERATIONS AT CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED AERODROMES
2.2.1 Gliding operations may be conducted from:
a. a glider runway strip within the runway strip (single runway), using a common circuit direc-
tion;
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b. a glider runway strip adjacent to the existing runway strip (dual runways), using a common
circuit direction; or
c. a separate glider runway strip parallel to and spaced away from the existing runway strip
(parallel runways), using contra-circuit procedures.
2.2.2 Details of the gliding operation may be published in the Airport Directory or on Terminal
Airport charts. When procedures are changed for intensive short-term gliding activity, a NOTAM
will be issued.
2.2.3 Where dual or parallel runways are established, the glider runway strip will conform to
normal movement area standards, but will be marked by conspicuous markers of a color other
than white. Glider runway strips must not be used except by gliders, tug aircraft and other author-
ized aircraft.
2.2.4 Where a single runway is established and gliders operate within the runway strip, the
runway strip markers may be moved outwards to incorporate the glider runway strip. Glider move-
ment and parking areas are established outside of the runway strips.
2.2.4.1 When the glider runway strip is occupied by a tug aircraft or glider, the runway is
deemed to be occupied. Aircraft using the runway may, however, commence their take-off run
from a position ahead of a stationary glider or tug aircraft.
2.2.5 Except for gliders approaching to land, powered aircraft have priority in the use of run-
ways, taxiways and aprons where a single runway or dual runway operation is established.
2.2.6 At the locations where parallel runways exist and contra-circuit procedures apply, opera-
tions on the two parallel runways by aircraft below 5700kg MTOW may be conducted independ-
ently in VMC by day. Aircraft must not operate within the opposing circuit area below 1500 ft AGL.
Pilots should ascertain the runways in use as early as possible and conform to that circuit. A
crossing runway should only be used when operationally necessary, and traffic using the crossing
runway should avoid conflicting with the established circuit.
2.2.7 At aerodromes other than for which contra-circuits are prescribed, gliders are generally
required to conform to the established circuit direction. However, unforeseen circumstances may
occasionally compel a glider to execute a non-standard pattern, including use of the opposite cir-
cuit direction in extreme cases.
2.2.8 At non-towered aerodromes, a listening watch on the CTAF is maintained during aerotow
launching by the tug pilot, and during wire launching by the winch or tow-vehicle driver. The tug
pilot or winch/car driver may be able to advise glider traffic information to inbound or taxiing air-
craft.
2.2.9 Where wire launching is used, launching will cease and the wire will be retracted or moved
off the strip when another aircraft joins the circuit or is taxiing, or a radio call is received indicating
this. A white strobe light is displayed by a winch, or a yellow rotating beacon by a tow-car or asso-
ciated vehicle, whenever the cable is deployed.
2.2.10 Gliders are not permitted to perform aerobatics, including spin training, within 2 NM of a
certified or registered aerodrome below 2000 ft AGL.
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2.2.10.1 Gliders are not permitted to perform continuous 360 degrees turns nor to use thermal
lift on the live side of a common circuit area (including the circuit area being used by known traffic
on a crossing runway) unless they monitor the CTAF and give way to, and maintain adequate
separation from other traffic in the circuit area.
3 POLICE OPERATIONS
3.1 An aircraft operated by police authorities which requires priority in situations where life is
threatened must use the call sign “POLAIR RED” or “FEDPOL RED”. Police must call “POLAIR/
FEDPOL RED PRIORITY” on first contact.
4 BALLOON OPERATIONS
4.1 TYPES OF OPERATION
4.1.1 Balloons are permitted to operate in private, aerial work and charter operations. Aerial
work and charter operations are flown under an Air Operator Certificate (AOC) – the pilot-in-com-
mand holds a commercial pilot (balloon) license and is responsible to a chief pilot in accordance
with CAO 82.7. Private operations are conducted by pilots who hold a pilot certificate issued by
the Australian Ballooning Federation Inc.
4.1.2 Unless authorized by CASA, pilots of balloons engaged in private operations must not
operate:
a. in controlled airspace; or
b. below 2000 ft above aerodrome level within 3 NM of a certified or registered aerodrome, or
c. below 1000 ft above ground level over a populous area.
Permission to fly in these areas, either for a specified event or for suitably qualified pilots, may be
sought from CASA Area Offices. When permissions are issued, they usually contain directions to
operate in the same manner as balloons in aerial work or charter operations.
4.1.3 Pilots of balloons engaged in aerial work or charter operations may:
a. operate within controlled airspace subject to an ATC clearance;
b. operate from certified or registered aerodromes; and
c. take off from, and land at, adequate open spaces within populous areas. When doing this,
they must ensure that the balloon reaches the minimum overflight height of 1000 ft AGL
within a reasonable time following take-off, and minimize the time spent flying at low level
while approaching to land in or within 300 meters of a populous area.
4.1.4 Balloon pilots are not required to observe a minimum height while flying over other than
populous areas. However, this does not absolve pilots from any responsibility in respect of land-
holders, stock or property. The Australian Ballooning Federation Inc maintains a register of sensi-
tive areas where landholders have requested that pilots not land, or observe a minimum overflight
height.
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4.2 CARRIAGE AND USE OF RADIO

4.2.1 Pilots of balloons engaged in aerial work or charter operations are required to carry and
use VHF radio for communication, as necessary, with other aircraft and with ATS. However, the
operators are authorized to maintain their own SARWATCH, and no flight notification is required
for flights outside controlled airspace.
4.2.2 Pilots of balloons who have been permitted to operate in the airspace described in sub-
paras 4.1.2a. and b. are required to carry and use radio as described in para 4.2.1. Where a
number of balloons are permitted to operate together in the vicinity of an uncontrolled certified or
registered aerodrome, one balloon in each group may maintain radio communication for the
group.
4.2.3 Pilots of balloons engaged in private operations are required to carry radio and use it in
accordance with the procedures described in Communications while they are operating:
a. within the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome where radio carriage and use is required;
b. at or above 5000 ft above mean sea level;
c. within 10 NM of an aerodrome with a published instrument approach procedure; or
d. at night.
4.2.4 The holder of a private pilot certificate issued by the Australian Ballooning Federation Inc
may have that certificate endorsed to permit radio communication on VHF frequencies only, with-
out being the holder of a flight radiotelephone operator license.
4.3 OPERATIONS IN THE VICINITY OF AERODROMES

4.3.1 Within 3 NM of an aerodrome, the pilot-in-command of a balloon is required to give way to
other traffic operating in the traffic pattern of the aerodrome which is applicable to the runway in
use at the time.
4.3.2 The pilot-in-command of a balloon who intends to overfly an aerodrome within 3 NM
should do so at a height greater than 1500 ft above the aerodrome. In the case of a private bal-
loon flight which is not specifically authorized by CASA, overflight must be conducted more than
2000 ft above the aerodrome.
4.3.3 The pilot of a balloon which is taking off within 3 NM of an aerodrome must give way to
aircraft which are landing or on final approach to land, by delaying their take-off or, if airborne, by
climbing or descending to remain clear of the other aircraft’s flight path.
4.4 METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

4.4.1 General Flight Procedures prescribe VMC for balloons. Operations in other than prescri-
bed VMC are not permitted.
4.5 NIGHT BALLOON OPERATIONS

4.5.1 Aerial work and charter operations by pilots who hold a NVFR (balloon) rating, and private
operations with specific permission from CASA, may be conducted at night. In the case of aerial
work and charter operations, these are restricted to the period of one (1) hour prior to first light.
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4.6 OPERATIONS IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

4.6.1 Prior to a proposed flight in controlled airspace, a balloon operator or pilot-in-command
must liaise with ATS as follows:
a. contact ATC by telephone or radio prior to inflating the balloon to advise the planned launch
site and likely direction or area of flight, and ascertain the availability of an ATC clearance;
and
b. call to obtain a clearance before becoming airborne.
4.6.2 The balloon pilot must maintain a continuous listening watch on the appropriate frequency
during flight within controlled airspace, and report flight progress as required by ATC. The pilot
must report changes in the direction of drift, which will cause the balloon to diverge from its nomi-
nated track or area of operations, as soon as possible, and, in any case, before the track error
exceeds one (1) nautical mile.
4.6.3 For operations in an area of controlled airspace within radar coverage, a serviceable SSR
transponder must be carried unless ATC has advised otherwise.
4.6.4 In the event of a radio failure or other emergency, the relevant procedures must be fol-
lowed. Particular attention should be given to notifying the termination of a flight where radio con-
tact is not able to confirm this.
4.7 HIGH ALTITUDE BALLOON FLIGHTS

4.7.1 Large helium filled plastic balloons are launched periodically from various locations. They
carry scientific equipment to record data from the upper atmosphere and normally ascend to alti-
tudes in excess of 70,000 ft with a flight duration of 80 hours or more.
4.7.2 The main balloon launching station is at Alice Springs but other launching sites may also
be used; e.g., Charleville. Where possible, flight paths will be selected so that the recovery area is
outside the more densely populated Eastern / South Eastern / South Western areas.
4.7.3 Notification of high altitude balloon flights will be by NOTAM.
5 PARACHUTING OPERATIONS
5.1 GENERAL
5.1.1 The pilot-in-command of a aircraft engaged in parachuting operations must take all rea-
sonable measures to ensure that parachutists exit the aircraft only if:
a. there is no risk of any part of the aircraft being fouled by parachutists or their equipment
when they exit;
b. the operation does not impose adverse stress on any part of the aircraft structure
c. the descent is able to be made in meteorological conditions where the target is clearly visible
and the parachutist does not enter cloud, unless CASA specifies otherwise in writing; and
d. loose objects that, if dropped, could create a hazard to persons or property on the ground or
the water, are not carried by parachutists when exiting the aircraft.
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NOTE: In relation to sub-para c. above, the parachutist, the pilot and the parachute operator are
jointly responsible for ensuring that this requirement is met.
5.1.2 The pilot-in-command must take all reasonable measures to ensure that parachutists exit
the aircraft so as to reach the intended target.
5.1.3 A broadcast advising the intention to drop parachutists must be made from the drop air-
craft not less than two (2) minutes prior to parachutists exiting the aircraft. This requirement
applies to all relevant frequencies for the airspace through which the parachutists may descend,
including:
a. the appropriate ATC frequency or frequencies depending upon the airspace type(s) descen-
ded through, and
b. if the parachutists descend from the controlled airspace into Class G airspace, a broadcast
must be made on each specified frequency, and
c. where the landing area is located in the vicinity of a non-towered aerodrome, the CTAF.
5.1.4 A broadcast made under para 5.1.3 must give notice that parachutists intend to exit the
aircraft at the location specified in the broadcast, the position of the drop zone, exit altitude and
the number of parachute canopies to be dropped.
5.1.5 The pilot-in-command must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft unless he or she has
made a broadcast in accordance with paras 5.1.3 and 5.1.4.
5.2 CONFLICTING TRAFFIC

5.2.1 ATC will provide separation between parachutists and non-parachuting aircraft in Class A,
C and D airspace, and provide traffic information to pilots of aircraft engaged in parachuting oper-
ations on known or observed traffic in Class E airspace.
5.2.2 The pilot-in-command must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft if he or she is notified,
or becomes aware, that there is conflicting traffic in the airspace in which the descents will be
conducted.
5.2.2.1 The pilot in command must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft in Class E airspace
until in receipt of traffic information from ATC.
5.3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

5.3.1 The pilot-in-command must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft when the parachutists
will transit Restricted Area(s) or Classes A, C or D airspace until in receipt of an ATC clearance.
5.3.2 An aircraft engaged in parachuting operations must not engage in an operation in which
parachutists exit the aircraft in controlled airspace and leave, transit or enter controlled airspace
during their descent, unless the aircraft is equipped with two (2) VHF radio transceivers to com-
municate with ATC and to monitor and advise air traffic outside the controlled airspace.
5.3.3 ATC base separation on the assumption that the parachutist will be dropped within 1 NM
of the target. If an extension of this area is necessary, the pilot must advise ATC of the direction
and distance required.
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5.3.4 For parachutists that have been cleared to transit Restricted Area(s) or Classes A, C and
D airspace pilots must advise ATC when all parachutists are on the ground. Primary communica-
tion should be by radio; however, if this is not possible, detail alternative arrangements in letters
of agreement between local operators and the ATC unit(s) concerned.
5.4 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AT NON-TOWERED AERODROMES

WHERE RADIO CARRIAGE IS REQUIRED
5.4.1 An aircraft engaged in parachute operations must not engage in an operation involving
parachute descents in the vicinity of an aerodrome where radio carriage is required, unless it is
equipped with two (2) VHF radio transceivers to monitor and advise air traffic in the vicinity of the
aerodrome, and in the surrounding area.
5.4.2 In addition to the broadcast required under para 5.1.3 the pilot-in-command must make a
broadcast not less than four (4) minutes before the descents occur to give notice that parachutists
intend to exit the aircraft at the location specified in the broadcast.
5.4.3 A broadcast under para 5.4.2 must be made on the CTAF and appropriate ATC frequen-
cies.
5.4.4 The pilot-in-command must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft in the vicinity of an
aerodrome where radio carriage is required within the 15 minutes before the estimated time of
arrival at an aerodrome of a Regular Public Transport (RPT) aircraft unless:
a. the two aircraft are in direct radio communication with each other; and
b. all parachutists can exit the aircraft and land before the RPT aircraft arrives within the circling
area of the aerodrome.
5.4.5 After an RPT aircraft arrives at an aerodrome where carriage of radio is required, the pilot-
in-command of a aircraft engaged in parachuting operations at that aerodrome must not allow
parachutists to exit the aircraft until the RPT aircraft has landed and taxied clear of the runway.
5.4.6 After an RPT aircraft has broadcast that it is taxiing for departure from an aerodrome
where carriage of radio is required, the pilot-in-command of an aircraft engaged in parachuting
operations must not allow parachutists to exit the aircraft until the RPT aircraft is clear of the cir-
cling area of the aerodrome.
5.5
5.5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS CERTIFIED AND REGISTERED
AERODROMES
5.5.1 The pilot in command of a aircraft engaged in parachuting operations must not engage in
an operation involving parachute descents at a certified or registered aerodrome unless:
a. the aerodrome operator has approved parachute descents at the aerodrome;
b. regular and local users of the aerodrome have been notified of the intended descents;
c. the target parachutists is separated from the movement area by a distance equal to the
applicable minimum drop zone radius for the parachutists using it; and
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d. the descents do not conflict with any aircraft that are:

1. on the live side of any circuit known to be in use, or that could reasonably expected to
be used by known traffic in prevailing conditions; or
2. using any runway, taxiway or apron
5.5.2 Para 5.5.1 does not apply to an operation involving parachute descents at a certified or
registered aerodrome to the extent that written specifications issued under Regulation 152 of the
Regulations require or allow the descents to be conducted differently.
5.5.3 The pilot in command must not allow parachutists to conduct descents at a certified or reg-
istered aerodrome if the pilot in command of another aircraft:
a. is carrying out an instrument approach procedure at the aerodrome; or
b. is expected to commence an instrument approach procedure within five (5) minutes.
5.6 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATIONS ABOVE 10,000 FT

AMSL
5.6.1 A flight crew member who is on flight deck duty in an unpressurized aircraft engaged in
parachuting operations must be provided with, and continuously use, supplemental oxygen:
a. if the aircraft operates above FL120; or
b. if the aircraft operates above 10,000 ft AMSL:
1. for more than 15 minutes during a sortie; or
2. at night; or
3. in IMC.
6 AREAS HAVING LIMITATIONS ON ACCESS

6.1 Although not involving a potential hazard to aircraft, operations over certain areas have limi-
tations placed on them for environmental reasons.
6.2 BASS STRAIT CROSSINGS

6.2.1 Mandatory Routes for Passenger-Carrying Charter Operations
6.2.1.1 For single engine aircraft and multi-engine aircraft which are unable to maintain height
after an engine failure:
a. Flights through King I — Track via Cape Otway, Bold Head and Hunter I. 3000 ft minimum
altitude for continuous VHF communication.
b. Flight through Flinders I — Track via Cliffy I, Hogan I, Deal I; then via Cape Portland or
Waterhouse I. 2000 ft minimum altitude for continuous VHF communications.
NOTE: Refer Climb and Cruise “Flights Over Water”.
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6.2.2 Recommended VFR Reporting Procedures Across Bass Strait

6.2.2.1 The following reporting schedule procedures are recommended for Bass Straight cross-
ings:
a. Report position leaving the coast, together with aircraft type, tracking details and persons on
board (POB);
b. Nominate reporting schedule appropriate to the aircraft speed; e.g., 10, 15 or 30 minute
intervals;
c. At each scheduled reporting time, report “OPERATIONS NORMAL” preferably with a posi-
tion;
d. Report when crossing opposite coast to cancel the reporting schedules.
6.2.2.2 As an alternative, pilots may report leaving the coast and nominate a SARTIME for the
expected landfall of the opposite coastline.
NOTE: All reports associated with these procedures for Bass Strait crossings should be made to
Melbourne Centre, as appropriate.
6.2.2.3 Minimum altitude requirements apply to enable continuous two-way VHF communication
across Bass Straight.
6.2.3 Air Traffic Services
6.2.3.1 Air Traffic Services will respond immediately to any emergency call, but in the event of
radio failure or other situation that prevents use of radio, the use of schedule reporting over water
will ensure that SAR action is taken following a missed scheduled report. A scheduled report
ensures quicker response than a nominated SARTIME for which SAR action would be taken at
the expiration of that time, or if incidental information was received indicating an aircraft was in
difficulty.
6.2.3.2 In the unfortunate event of a ditching, particularly in Bass Strait, survivability from hypo-
thermia is reliant on quick recovery from the water. Scheduled reporting will afford a quicker than
normal response when SAR action is required.
6.3 BLUE MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK — FLY NEIGHBOURLY ADVICE

6.3.1 The Blue Mountains National Park is administered by the New South Wales National
Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) in accordance with the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974.
The park contains sensitive environmental areas.
6.3.1.1 Pilots undertaking sightseeing flights should obtain details of the areas to be avoided
and the preferred scenic routes in the Katoomba area from the Park Manager.
6.3.2 The Park Manager can be contacted by phone on:
Park Manager
Tel: (02) 4787 8877
Fax: (02) 4787 8514
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– or –
by writing to:
The District Manager
Address: Blue Mountains National Park
PO Box 43
Blackheath
Australia
NSW 2785
6.3.3 Except when operating on preferred scenic routes, pilots are requested to maintain a mini-
mum altitude of 2000 ft above the surface of the park (the surface being defined as the highest
point of terrain, and any object on it, within a radius of 600m of a point vertically below the air-
craft), unless operation at this altitude would jeopardize the safe conduct of the flight.
6.3.3.1 This altitude recognizes the special terrain / weather conditions and the overlying air-
space arrangements of this area.
6.4 PURNULULU NATIONAL PARK (BUNGLE BUNGLE) SCENIC FLIGHTS

6.4.1 Standard operating procedures and routes for scenic flights in the Purnululu National Park
are contained in the Enroute section.
6.5 GRAMPIANS NATIONAL PARK — FLY NEIGHBOURLY ADVICE

6.5.1 The Grampians National Park is administered by Parks Victoria in accordance with the
National Parks Act 1975. The park contains sensitive environmental areas.
6.5.1.1 Pilots undertaking sightseeing flights should obtain details of the areas to be avoided
and the preferred scenic routes in the Halls Gap area from the Chief Ranger.
6.5.2 Contact Brambuk:
National Park and Cultural Centre, Halls Gap
Tel: (03) 5361 4000
Fax: (03) 5356 4446
E-Mail: info@brambuk.com.au
– or –
by writing to:
The Chief Ranger
Address: Grampians National Park
PO Box 18
Halls Gap
Australia
VIC 3381
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mum altitude of 2000 ft above the surface of the park (the surface being defined as the highest
point of terrain, and any object on it, within a radius of 600m of a point vertically below the aircraft)
unless operation at this altitude would jeopardize the safe conduct of the flight.
6.6 GREAT BARRIER REEF MARINE PARK (GBRMP)

6.6.1 The GBRMP is located within an area of the Great Barrier Reef extending from abeam
Cape York to approximately 10 NM north of Fraser I, sea level to 3000 ft AMSL. The Marine Park
is a declared World Heritage Area and is administered by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
Authority (GBRMPA) and managed by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service.
6.6.2 The GBRMP is managed in four geographical sections:
Far Northern (Cape York – Murdoch Point)
Cairns (Murdoch Point – Clump Point)
Central (Clump Point – Cape Conway)
Mackay/Capricorn (Cape Conway – 10 NM north of Frasier I)
6.6.3 The GBRMP contains nearly 1000 rocky islands and cays, many being sensitive seabird
breeding sites of national and international significance.
6.6.4 Pilots are requested to not fly below 1500 ft within one (1) NM of sites occupied by nesting
seabirds.
6.6.5 Arrangements exist with military and commercial aircraft operators with respect to the
avoidance of sensitive areas.
6.6.6 Pilots are specifically requested to note the following significant nesting sites and not to fly
below 1500 ft MSL within one (1) NM of these sites:
Far Northern Section

Combe Islet S 14 24.2 E 144 54.4
Tydeman Cay S 13 59.0 E 144 30.3
Davie Cay S 13 58.7 E 144 25.9
Night I S 13 10.9 E 143 34.6
Quoin I S 12 24.3 E 143 29.6
Raine I S 11 36.1 E 144 01.9
Moulter Cay S 11 24.7 E 143 59.6
Wallace I S 11 26.9 E 143 02.1
Pelican I S 13 54.7 E 143 50.1
Magra I S 11 51.9 E 143 17.1
Bushy I S 11 14.9 E 142 53.1
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Far Northern Section

Stapelton I S 14 19.5 E 144 52.0
Sandbank number 7 S 13 26.0 E 143 58.0
Sandbank number 8 S 13 22.0 E 143 58.0
Milman I S 11 10.4 E 143 01.0
McCarthur I S 11 43.9 E 142 59.1
Maclennan I S 11 24.2 E 143 45.6
Saunders I S 11 41.9 E 143 11.1
Cairns Section
Sister I S 17 44.8 E 146 09.6
Stephens I S 17 43.6 E 146 10.1
Low Isles S 16 23.1 E 145 34.3
West Hope I S 15 44.9 E 145 27.1
Three Isles S 15 06.9 E 145 25.6
Rocky Islets S 14 51.6 E 145 29.0
Eagle Islets S 14 41.9 E 145 23.1
6.6.7 Central Section – Hinchinbrook Planning Area (please see map over page) Pilots are
requested to avoid:
a. flying below 1500 ft within the Hinchinbrook Planning Area;
b. landing within the Hinchinbrook Island Dugong Protection Area A;
c. landing within 500m of any Island.
6.6.8 Michaelmas Cay, situated approximately 30° magnetic and 20 NM from Cairns, is ranked
as the most important seabird breeding site within the Cairns Section.
6.6.9 Aircraft operating upwind of a seabird breeding site are likely to cause greater impact than
those downwind, therefore, distance from a site may need to be increased when operating upwind
to avoid disturbing birds.
6.6.10 For advice on sensitive areas within the GBRMP and restrictions imposed under the
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975, pilots should contact the relevant Queensland Parks
and Wildlife Service, Coastal Management Program Regional Offices prior to operating within the
GBRMP:
Far Northern Regl Office (Cairns):
Tel: (07) 4052 3096
Northern Regl Office (Townsville):
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Tel: (07) 4722 5211

Central Coast Regl Office (Rockhamptom):
Tel: (07) 4936 0511
6.6.11 An Environmental Restricted Area has been established within a one (1) NM radius of
Michaelmas Cay – S16 36 23.44 E145 58 22.04 – SFC - 3000 ft AMSL.
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6.7 GREAT SANDY BAY MARINE PARK AND FRASER ISLAND

6.7.1 In the whale management area of the Great Sandy Marine Park, pilots of fixed wing ACFT
must not bring the ACFT any closer to a whale than 300m unless the aircraft is at an altitude of at
least 1000 ft. A helicopter must not be brought any closer to a whale than 1km unless the helicop-
ter is at an altitude of at least 2000 ft. For further information refer to the Marine Park (Great
Sandy) Zoning Plan 2006 or contact the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, Senior Ranger
(Great Sandy Marine Park) on phone: 07 4197 4003. For information relating to flights over the
Great Sandy National Park (Fraser Island section) contact the Conservation Officer (Fraser
Island) on phone: 07 4127 9128 (ext 223).
6.8 KAKADU NATIONAL PARK – FLY NEIGHBORLY ADVICE

6.8.1 Special arrangements apply between the Australian Nature Conservation Agency (ANCA)
and selected commercial aircraft operators with respect to the avoidance of twenty-seven environ-
mentally sensitive areas within Kakadu National Park, while undertaking sightseeing flights.
6.8.1.1 Other pilots undertaking sightseeing flights should obtain details of such areas and pre-
ferred scenic routes, and associated altitudes, from the Park Manager, at the following addresses:
The Manager
Address: Kakadu National Park
PO Box 71
Jabiru
Australia
NT 0886
Tel: (08) 8938 1100
Fax: (08) 8938 1115
mum altitude of 2000ft above the surface of the Park (the surface being defined as the highest
point of terrain, and any object on it, within a radius of 600m of a point vertically below the aircraft)
unless operation at this altitude would jeopardize the safe conduct of flight.
6.9 PORT CAMPBELL NATIONAL PARK

6.9.1 Port Campbell National Park is administered by Parks Victoria, in accordance with the
National Parks Act 1975. The park contains sensitive environmental areas of high conservation
significance. The park extends coastal from Point Ronald, near Princetown, to Boat Bay (Bay of
Island Coastal Park) west of Peterborough.
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6.9.2 Pilots undertaking sight seeing flights should obtain details of the areas to be avoided and
the preferred scenic routes in the Port Campbell National Park from the Ranger in Charge. In
addition, pilots are requested to comply with the following requirements, weather and other factors
permitting:
a. Operate off-shore as much as possible.
b. Avoid overflying any buildings or visitor facilities.
c. Do not circle off-shore features (such as 12 Apostles etc.).
d. All ACFT track off-shore:
West bound 1000' AMSL
East bound 1500' AMSL.
6.9.3 For operations other than described above, contact:
Ranger in Charge
Address: Port Campbell National Park
Parks Victoria
26 Morris Street
Port Campbell
VIC
3269
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Tel: 03 5598 6382

Fax: 03 5598 6420
6.9.4 When operating in the vicinity of Peterborough or Port Campbell National Park, pilots
should use CTAF 127.1 to make positional broadcasts.
6.9.5 Frequent helicopter sight seeing flights are conducted from two helipads in this area.
6.10 TASMANIAN WORLD HERITAGE AREA AND MT FIELD NATIONAL

PARK
6.10.1 There is an understanding between locally-based scenic flight and charter operators and
the TPWS to operate in the WHA and Mt Field area in an agreed responsible manner. Other pilots
undertaking sightseeing flights in the WHA or Mt Field area should obtain information on FNA
areas, tracking details, operating altitudes, and specific areas to be avoided from:
The Director
Address: Tasmanian Parks & Wildlife Service
Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment
134 Macquarie St
HOBART
TAS
7000
Tel: 03-6233-2112
(Contact Planning Officer, World Heritage Area)
6.10.2 Maps may be downloaded from the following website:
http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/publications/tech/fly_neighb/summary.html
6.10.3 Advice on operating in the WHA and Mt Field area is also available from most flying
schools and charter operators based at Cambridge, Launceston, Devonport, Wynyard and Stra-
han.
6.10.4 The FNA area is approximately bounded by the following:
Commencing south of Deloraine at Meander, then Miena–Derwent Bridge–Wayatinah–Wester-
way– Whale Head– then coastal to Low Rocky Point–Mt Sorel–Mount Beecroft–Meander.
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6.10.5 The Sensitive Areas (SAs) are:

Cradle Valley, Traveller Range, Mt Ossa to Mt Rufus, Frenchman’s Cap, Mt Anne Lake Judd
area, Mt Orion and Arthur Range, and Federation Peak.
6.10.6 The general minimum overfly altitude for the WHA and Mt Field area is 4000 ft AMSL,
terrain permitting. To minimize the impact of noise:
a. operate at the highest possible altitude and lateral distance from the feature being observed
that will allow satisfactory observation from the air;
b. in sensitive areas, avoid prolonged flight and sudden changes in engine management (safety
permitting); and
c. endeavor to cross walking tracks and the Franklin River at right angles.
6.10.7 Flight in and through the SAs should be kept to a minimum, and aircraft should be oper-
ated at an altitude and configuration that will minimize noise and visual impact for ground observ-
ers.
6.10.8 Recommended operating altitudes in the WHA and Mt Field area do not apply if these
altitudes would jeopardize the safe conduct of the flight.
6.10.9 Melaleuca Area Zones — Additional conditions apply during the nesting season of the
Orange-Bellied Parrot which breeds in the Melaleuca Area zones located within the WHA:
a. From 15 September to 30 April, pilots are requested to avoid:
1. repeated passes or circuits above the zones;
2. landing helicopters within the zones; and
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3. hovering helicopters above forested areas within the zones.

b. Information on zone areas and operating in this area can be obtained from:
Project Officer
Address: Melaleuca Area
Tasmanian Parks & Wildlife Service
Tel: 03-6233-6033
7 DESIGNATED REMOTE AREAS

7.1 Aircraft planned to operate within or through designated remote areas shown in this section
are required to carry survival equipment suitable for sustaining life in the area over which the flight
is planned (CAO 20.11).
NOTE 1: Flight through corridors shall be made within sight of and not more than five miles from
the highway concerned.
NOTE 2: Australian administered islands adjacent to the Remote Area between Talgarno and
Cairns are part of the Designated Remote Area.
NOTE 3: Mainland within 50 NM of Darwin excluded from Designated Remote Area.
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8 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND SURVEY OPERATIONS

8.1 Pilots and operators intending to conduct aerial photography or survey operations in control-
led airspace should liaise with the ATC unit responsible for the area(s) concerned prior to submit-
ting flight plans. ATC clearance limitations and restrictions on times, tracks and/or levels, which
could inhibit the proposed operation(s), may apply in the desired airspace. Preflight approval will
enable pilots to plan tasks accordingly, thus minimizing disruption to programs.
9 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OF MILITARY INSTALLATIONS

9.1 Pilots or operators intending to photograph military installations or areas which include mili-
tary installations must contact the appropriate military authority as such photography may require
prior approval or may not be permissible.
10 MILITARY AUTHORITY ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR

SEPARATION OF AIRCRAFT (MARSA)
10.1 MARSA is a procedure which authorizes pilots of military aircraft to assume responsibility
for separation between their aircraft and other nominated military aircraft, or military contract civil
aircraft, in controlled airspace. MARSA can only be used between participating aircraft using the
same flight level or altitude, or maneuvering within the same block of airspace.
10.2 Operators of foreign military aircraft wishing to participate in MARSA must refer to RAAF
AIP — Flight Information Handbook Australia (FIHA) for details of the procedure.
11 “DUE REGARD” OPERATIONS

11.1 Certain operations by State aircraft (usually military), referred to as “Due Regard” opera-
tions, cannot be conducted in compliance with normal air traffic rules and procedures. Where
these operations are necessary, Article 3 of the Chicago Convention (1944) requires contracting
States to “have due regard for the safety of navigation of civil aircraft”. Safety mitigators may
include operations in VMC and/or use of surface and airborne radar.
12 MILITARY LOW JET ROUTES

12.1 Low level flying exercises are carried out by military jet aircraft from a number of airfields.
Routes at or below 5000 ft AGL used by military jet aircraft for low level, high speed navigation or
terrain following exercises are designated as Military Low Jet Routes (MLJR). Routes are planned
to avoid:
a. controlled airspace administered by Airservices Australia;
b. civil restricted and danger areas;
c. published civil aerodromes by at least 5 NM laterally or 4000 ft vertically;
d. aerodromes where carriage and use of radio is required unless equipped with the appropri-
ate radio frequency; and
e. sensitive areas and oil/gas platforms.
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12.2 Notification of routes and duration of MLJR operations will be by NOTAM. Information on
MLJR activity in your area is available from the pre-flight briefing service and FLIGHTWATCH.
12.3 Aircraft using MLJR may be camouflaged and emit little or no smoke trail, although they will
normally show anti-collision beacons. Aircraft may operate singly or in close or loose formation.
Significant wake turbulence and a large turn radius may be expected.
12.4 All MLJR aircraft are equipped with UHF and some also have VHF and HF. However, they
may often be out of communications for part of their flight. Most aircraft are equipped with naviga-
tion and/or terrain following radar, but these radars do not enable avoidance of conflicting aircraft.
12.5 Where possible, pilots should plan their flights to avoid active MLJR.
12.6 The following MLJR are activated H24 and are flown by Military jet aircraft operating at or
below 5000 ft AGL:
a. 15 NM SE Gold Coast (Descent Point) – 6 NM SSW Evans Head 5000 ft AGL (remaining E
of the coast) – YB(R)-638.
b. YB(R)-638 – 10 NM SSW Baryulgil below 3000 ft AGL – 6 NM SSW Evans Head –
YB(R)-638.
c. YB(R)-638 – 10 NM SSW Baryulgil below 3000 ft AGL – Gatton (Climb Point) – Amberley.
d. YB(R)-638 – Porpoise Point (remaining 10 NM E of the coast) – Amberley (6000 ft).
e. YB(R)-638 – Coastal below 3000 ft AGL – Gold Coast – Point Lookout (Stradbroke Island) –
Brisbane.
f. Point Lookout – Gold Coast – Coastal below 5000 ft AGL – YB(R)-638.
g. YB(R)-638 – Casino 231025 – Amberley 191043 – Amberley.
NOTE: A number of other MLJR and Defence activities are in operation at various times in
addition to those shown above and will be advised by NOTAM when necessary. Pilots must
refer to this information to gain an appreciation of military operations that might affect their
operation.
13 SECURITY AWARENESS
13.1 All members of the aviation industry, including general aviation, charter, crop duster, heli-
copter and local airport operators should be particularly vigilant with regard to any suspicious
activity relating to the use, training in, or acquisition of dangerous chemicals, including threats,
unusual purchases, and/or unusual contacts with the public.
13.2 Any suspicious circumstances or unusual behavior should be immediately reported to the
police and the relevant aircraft, airline, or airport operator.
14 FIRE OPERATIONS
An aircraft operated by fire authorities which requires priority should notify the flight as Fire or
Flood Relief (FFR) and use the appropriate special task call-sign.
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15 HELICOPTER OPERATIONS – AT AERODROMES AND IN

HELICOPTER ACCESS CORRIDORS AND LANES
15.1 GENERAL
15.1.1 The following procedures apply to all helicopters operating in the vicinity of aerodromes
and in helicopter access corridors and lanes, in accordance with the provisions of CAR 92, 157,
163 and 166 (CARs not published herein).
15.2 TAXIING
15.2.1 For all helicopters, maximum use of the “air transit” procedure should be made to expe-
dite traffic movement and flow about an aerodrome.
15.2.2 All helicopters may use “air taxiing” procedures as required. However, wheeled helicop-
ters, where practicable, are encouraged to “ground taxi” on prepared surfaces to minimize rotor
wash and its effects.
15.2.3 At night a helicopter should not taxi via routes which do not meet the physical dimensions
and lighting requirements specified in Civil Aviation Advisory Publication (CAAP) 92-2(1) (not pub-
lished herein).
15.3 TAKE-OFF / DEPARTURE

15.3.1 Controlled Airfields
15.3.1.1 At locations within controlled airspace, helicopters may be granted a take-off clearance
or instructed to report airborne, as appropriate, from any area nominated by ATC or the pilot, and
assessed by the pilot as being suitable as a HLS.
15.3.1.2 Helicopters taking-off / departing must proceed in accordance with ATC instructions.
15.3.1.3 Subject to clearance, a turn after take-off may be commenced when the pilot considers
that the helicopter is at a safe height to do so.
15.3.1.4 Unless requested by the pilot, a take-off clearance will not be issued for a helicopter if
the tailwind component exceeds 5 kt.
15.3.1.5 Prescribed exit “gates” and associated standard routes and/or altitudes may be provi-
ded to facilitate the flow of helicopter traffic. Use of these “gates” is not mandatory. Helicopters
may, subject to an ATC clearance, revert to the standard traffic procedures applicable to air-
planes. This option may be more appropriate when operating larger helicopters.
15.3.1.6 At night a helicopter should not take-off from other than a site which conforms with the
requirements specified in CAAP 92-2(0). Any illuminated runway or illuminated taxiway of dimen-
sions commensurate with the size of the HLS applicable to the helicopter, in accordance with
CAAP 92-2(1), is considered to meet the requirements of CAAP 92-2(1).
15.3.2 Non-Towered Aerodromes
15.3.2.1 A pilot may take-off from any area which is assessed as being suitable as a HLS.
15.3.2.2 When the pilot elects to conduct the take-off from outside the flight strip of the runway
in use by airplanes, the helicopter take-off path must be outside that flight strip.
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15.3.2.3 Before take-off, the helicopter is to be positioned to the appropriate side of the runway
in use so that the turn after take-off does not cross the extended centerline of that runway. The
pre-take-off positioning of the helicopter will be by air transit or by taxiing as appropriate.
15.3.2.4 The turn after take-off onto the desired departure track may be commenced when the
pilot considers that the helicopter is at a safe height to do so. If the resultant departure track con-
flicts with the airplane traffic pattern, the helicopter should remain at 500 ft AGL until clear of that
circuit pattern. Where this procedure is not practicable on environmental grounds, the helicopter is
to adopt the standard departure procedure applicable to airplanes.
15.3.2.5 Pilots of radio equipped helicopters must broadcast intentions on the appropriate fre-
quency before take-off.
15.4 HELICOPTER ACCESS CORRIDORS AND LANES

15.4.1 The following procedures for operations within promulgated helicopter access corridors
and lanes apply:
a. maximum speed — 120 KIAS;
b. helicopters must operate under VFR, usually not below 500 ft AGL by day, subject to flight
over populous area restrictions and any published limitations for authorized corridors by
night;
c. “see and avoid” procedures must to be used;
d. formation flights are restricted to line astern with the lead aircraft responsible for maintaining
separation from other traffic;
e. a traffic advisory service is available in access corridors;
f. an ATS Surveillance System service may be given at designated aerodromes;
g. a continuous listening watch on the appropriate ATS frequency in access corridors or broad-
cast frequency in lanes is mandatory;
h. two way operations are conducted with all traffic keeping to the right of central geographical/
topographical features;
i. the pilot-in-command has the responsibility to ensure that operations are confined within the
boundaries of the corridor or lane;
j. the limits of corridors and lanes must to be adhered to, with any transitional altitude require-
ments maintained within an accuracy of +/-100 ft;
k. a helicopter not confining its operations to an access corridor will require ATC clearance
and, while outside the corridor, will be subject to separation standards as applied by ATC.
NOTE: Subject to environmental noise considerations, the imposition of limitations on those
types of helicopters which exceed the noise limits specified in ICAO Annex 16, Volume I
(not published herein) may be necessary.
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15.5 ARRIVALS
15.5.1 Controlled Aerodromes
15.5.1.1 Prescribed entry “gates” and associated standard routes and/or altitudes may be provi-
ded to facilitate the flow of helicopter traffic. Use of these “gates” is not mandatory. Subject to the
receipt of an ATC clearance, helicopters may, if required, conform to the standard traffic proce-
dures applicable to airplanes. This option may be more appropriate when operating larger heli-
copters.
15.5.1.2 At locations within controlled airspace, helicopters may be granted a landing clearance
or be instructed to report on the ground, as appropriate, at any area nominated by ATC or the
pilot, and assessed by the pilot as being suitable as a HLS.
15.5.1.3 Unless requested by the pilot, a landing clearance will not be issued for a helicopter if
the tailwind component exceeds 5 kt.
15.5.1.4 At night a helicopter should not land at a site other than one which conforms with the
requirements specified in the latest issue of CAAP 92-2. Any illuminated runway or illuminated
taxiway of dimensions commensurate with the size of the HLS applicable to the helicopter, in
accordance with CAAP 92-2, is considered to meet the requirements of CAAP 92-2.
15.5.2.1 In VMC by day applicable to the aircraft category, helicopters need not join the circuit
via standard airplane entry procedures, at the pilot’s discretion.
15.5.2.2 As an alternative, under such conditions, helicopters may join the circuit area at 500 ft
AGL from any direction, subject to the normal restrictions of flight over populous areas.
15.5.2.3 Helicopters must avoid other circuit traffic and descend to land at any location
assessed by the pilot as being suitable for use as a HLS, provided:
a. the intended landing point is located outside the flight strip of the runway in use;
b. the final approach is clear of the extended centerline of the runway in use;
c. post-landing positioning of the helicopter is by air transit or by taxiing, as appropriate.
15.5.3 Pilots of radio-equipped helicopters must broadcast intentions on the appropriate fre-
quency.
15.6 CIRCUIT PROCEDURES

15.6.1 Controlled Aerodromes
15.6.1.1 Any specific operating procedures for helicopter traffic patterns will be detailed in the
Airport Directory when specified. The following generally applies:
a. where possible, helicopter circuit traffic will be separated from the airplane traffic pattern by
the use of contra-direction circuits, outside of and parallel to the flight strip of the runway in
use, and at a lower altitude than other traffic, but not below 500 ft above the aerodrome ele-
vation; or
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b. when separate circuit patterns are not practicable, helicopters may utilize the same traffic
pattern direction as other traffic, and will normally operate inside and at a lower altitude than
that traffic, but not below 500 ft above the aerodrome elevation.
15.6.2.1 The following circuit operating procedures apply:
a. Helicopters may be operated on contra-direction circuits and parallel to the airplane traffic
pattern at a lower altitude than that traffic, but not below 500 ft above the aerodrome eleva-
tion. The landing site associated with the helicopter circuit is to be positioned outside the
flight strip of the runway in use so that helicopter circuit traffic does not cross the extended
centerline of that runway;
b. if the procedure outlined in a. above is not practicable, the helicopter circuit patterns should
be flown inside and parallel to the airplane traffic and at lower altitudes, but not below 500 ft
above the aerodrome elevation. The landing site associated with the helicopter circuit is to
be positioned outside the flight strip of the runway in use so that helicopter circuit traffic does
not cross the extended centerline of that runway; or
c. the helicopter is to follow the standard airplane traffic pattern and, in this case, may use the
flight strip area of the runway in use;
d. the pilots of radio equipped helicopters must broadcast their intentions and listen out for
other traffic on the appropriate frequency.
16 UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) TESTING

16.1 INTRODUCTION
16.1.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle operations including testing and development take place in var-
ious Danger Areas and military Restricted Areas.
16.1.2 Temporary Danger Areas may be promulgated for other UAV operations if CASA consid-
ers there is a risk to other flights such that pilots need to be warned of the danger in order to take
appropriate precautions.
16.2 UAV OPERATIONS

16.2.1 UAVs may be flown autonomously within the designated areas, but are subject to opera-
tor input. The operator will maintain continuous two-way communications on the appropriate aero-
nautical frequencies, make regular broadcasts advising location, altitude and intention of the UAV
and will respond to calls.
16.2.2 Pilots wishing to operate within a Danger Area designated for UAV activity are advised to
contact the UAV ground station on the appropriate FIA/CTAF e.g. "UAV TRAFFIC - [location]
AREA THIS IS ....". While no response from the ground station would normally mean that no UAV
is airborne, pilots are encouraged to maintain an enhanced lookout.
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CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES
1 WEATHER DEVIATION PROCEDURES

1.1 The following procedures provide guidance for pilot action when weather deviations are
required in Oceanic Controlled Airspace (OCA). As all possible circumstances cannot be covered,
the pilot’s judgement must ultimately determine the sequence of actions to be taken.
1.2 If the aircraft is required to deviate from track to avoid weather, and prior clearance cannot
be obtained, an ATC clearance must be obtained at the earliest possible time. In the meantime,
the aircraft must follow the procedures detailed in paragraph 1.6.
1.3 The pilot must advise ATC when a weather deviation is no longer required, or when a
weather deviation has been completed and the aircraft has returned to its cleared route. Further
deviations from route will require new clearance.
1.4 WEATHER DEVIATIONS — OBTAINING PRIORITY FROM ATC

1.4.1 When a pilot initiates communications with ATC, the requirement for frequency priority and
a rapid response may be indicated by use of the phrase, “WEATHER DEVIATION REQUIRED”.
1.4.2 A pilot retains the option of initiating communications using the urgency call “PAN PAN”
(preferably spoken three times) to alert all listening parties of a special handling condition which
requires ATC priority for issuance of a clearance or assistance.
1.5 WEATHER DEVIATIONS — PILOT-CONTROLLER COMMUNICATIONS

ESTABLISHED
1.5.1 When communication between the pilot and controller (via third party) is available, the pilot
must request clearance to deviate from track advising, where possible, the extent of the expected
deviation. The controller will then initiate the following:
a. if there is no conflicting traffic in the lateral dimension, issue a clearance to deviate from
track; or
b. if there is conflicting traffic in the lateral dimension, establish vertical separation and issue a
clearance to deviate from track; or
c. if unable to establish vertical separation, and there is conflicting traffic in the lateral dimen-
sion:
1. advise the pilot that clearance for the requested deviation is not available;
2. provide traffic information about, and to, all affected aircraft; and
3. request pilot’s intentions.
Example Phraseology:
“UNABLE (requested deviation), TRAFFIC IS (call sign, position, altitude, direction), ADVISE
INTENTIONS”.
1.5.2 The pilot must:
a. comply with the ATC clearance issued; or
b. advise ATC of intentions and execute the procedures detailed in paragraph 1.6 below; and
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c. if necessary, establish voice communications with ATC to expedite dialogue on situation.
1.6 WEATHER DEVIATIONS — REVISED ATC CLEARANCE NOT

OBTAINED
1.6.1 Under the provisions of the rules of the air, and in the interests of safety to do so, the pilot
may deviate from the route or track as necessary.
1.6.2 If a revised air traffic control clearance cannot be obtained and deviation from track is
required to avoid weather, the pilot must conform with the following:
a. If possible, deviate away from an organized track or route system.
b. Broadcast the following at suitable intervals on the frequency in use and on 121.5 MHz (as a
back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz may be used):
1. aircraft identification (operator call sign),
2. flight level,
3. aircraft position including track code or ATS route designator, and
4. intentions including the extent of deviation expected.
c. Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to TCAS/ACAS (if equipped).
d. Turn on all exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations).
e. When deviations are less than 10 NM, remain at the level assigned by ATC.
f. For deviations greater than 10 NM, when the aircraft is approximately 10 NM from track, ini-
tiate a level change based on the following criteria:
Route Centerline Track Deviations >10 NM Level Change

EAST LEFT Descend 300 ft
000° – 179° Magnetic RIGHT Climb 300 ft
WEST LEFT Climb 300 ft
180° – 359° Magnetic RIGHT Descend 300 ft
g. If contact was not established prior to deviating, continue trying to contact ATC to obtain
clearance. If contact was established, continue to keep ATC advised of intentions and obtain
traffic information.
h. When returning to track and within approximately 10 NM of track, be at assigned flight level.
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1.7 AIRCRAFT DEVIATIONS — GREATER THAN MODERATE

TURBULENCE
1.7.1 If greater than moderate turbulence is experienced, and the pilot believes it will impact on
the aircraft’s capability to maintain the Cleared Flight Level (CFL), the pilot should proceed as fol-
lows:
a. watch for possible conflicting traffic and make maximum use of exterior lights;
b. broadcast call sign, position, level, nature and severity of turbulence, and intentions on 121.5
MHz (inter-pilot frequency may be used as a back-up);
c. notify ATC as soon as possible and request level change if necessary; and
d. if the CFL cannot be maintained, execute established contingency procedures to leave
assigned track or route.
NOTE: Based on pilot advice and traffic assessment, the ATS provider may suspend RVSM oper-
ations.
1.8 AIRCRAFT DEVIATIONS — OTHER THAN WEATHER

1.8.1 The following procedures are applicable primarily when sub-sonic aircraft require rapid
descent and/or turn-back or diversion to an alternate airport. The pilot must take actions as nec-
essary to ensure the safety of the aircraft. The pilot’s judgement will determine the sequence of
actions to be taken, taking into account specific circumstances.
1.8.2 If an aircraft is unable to continue flight in accordance with its ATC clearance, a revised
clearance must, whenever possible, be obtained prior to initiating any action, using the radiotel-
ephony distress or urgency signal, as appropriate.
1.8.3 If prior clearance cannot be obtained, the pilot must advise air traffic control as soon as
practicable, advising the type of aircraft and nature of the problem. The aircraft should be flown at
a flight level and on an offset track where other aircraft are least likely to be encountered. Until a
revised clearance is received, the pilot must comply with the following:
a. If possible, deviate away from an organized track or route system.
b. Broadcast the following at suitable intervals on the frequency in use and on frequency 121.5
MHz (as a backup, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz may be used):
1. aircraft identification (operator call sign),
2. flight level,
3. aircraft position including track code or ATS route designator, and
4. intentions including the extent of deviation expected.
c. Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to TCAS/ACAS (if equipped); and
d. Turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations).
1.8.4 If unable to obtain a revised ATC clearance, the aircraft should leave its assigned route or
track by turning at least 45° right or left in order to acquire a same or opposite direction track
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offset 15NM from the assigned track centerline. When possible, the direction of turn should be
determined by the position of the aircraft relative to any organized route or track system (eg,
whether the aircraft is outside, at the edge of, or within the system). Other factors to consider are
the direction to an alternate airport, terrain clearance, any strategic lateral offset being flown and
the levels allocated to adjacent routes or tracks.
1.8.4.1 When leaving assigned track:
a. if the intention is to acquire a same direction offset track, the pilot should consider limiting the
turn to a 45 degree heading change, in order not to overshoot the offset contingency track;
or
b. if the intention is to acquire and maintain an opposite direction offset track, then:
1. operational limitations on bank angles at cruising altitudes will normally result in over-
shooting the track to be acquired. In such cases a continuous turn should be extended
beyond 180 degrees heading change, in order to re-intercept the offset contingency
track as soon as operationally feasible; and
2. while executing a turnback extreme caution pertaining to opposite direction traffic on
adjacent routes must be exercised and any climb or descent specified in 1.8.5 should
be completed before approaching within 10NM of any adjacent ATS route.
1.8.5 Subsequent Actions. The following actions should be followed subsequent to an aircraft
deviation in oceanic controlled airspace:
a. Aircraft Able to Maintain Level:
Once the aircraft has deviated 10NM from the assigned track centerline, climb or descend to
select a final level which differs from those normally used by 500 ft (150M) if at or below
FL410, or 1000 ft (300M) if above FL410.
b. Aircraft Unable to Maintain Level:
An aircraft NOT able to maintain its assigned level should, whenever possible, minimize its
rate of descent and select a level which differs from those normally used by 500 ft (150M) if
at or below FL410 or 1000 ft (300M) if above FL410. Pilots should consider the possibility
that aircraft below on the same track may be flying a 1 or 2NM strategic lateral offset proce-
dure.
c. Diversion Across the Flow of Adjacent Traffic:
Before commencing a diversion across the flow of adjacent traffic, the aircraft should, while
maintaining the 15 NM offset, expedite climb above or descent below levels where the
majority of oceanic traffic operate (e.g., to a level at or above FL410 or below FL285) and
then maintain a level which differs by 500 ft (150m) from those normally used.
1.8.6 If the pilot is unable or unwilling to carry out a major climb or descent, the aircraft should
be flown at a level 500 ft (150m) above or below levels normally used, until a new ATC clearance
is obtained.
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1.9 AIRCRAFT DEVIATIONS — ETOPS AIRCRAFT

1.9.1 If the contingency procedures addressed in paragraph 1.8 are to be employed by Exten-
ded Range Operations Aeroplanes with Two Turbine Power-units (ETOPS) aircraft as a result of
an engine shutdown or a failure of an ETOPs critical system, the pilot should advise ATC as soon
as practicable of the situation, reminding ATC of the type of aircraft involved and requesting expe-
ditious handling.
2 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES TEMPORARILY NOT AVAILABLE

2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.1.1 When Air Traffic Services are temporarily not available in a given airspace, the procedures
contained in the following paragraphs may be authorized. Operators / pilots are responsible for
obtaining any required changes to their Air Operator’s Certificate (AOC) for operations in the
classes and types of airspace addressed in the following paragraphs. Details of specific proce-
dures will be promulgated by NOTAM.
2.1.2 Nothing in these procedures precludes the pilot from exercising responsibility for safe
operations, including separation and collision avoidance with other aircraft in the air and on the
ground.
2.2 AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION

2.2.1 Airspace subject to contingency will retain its ATS classification except that airspace asso-
ciated with a tower whose hours of operation are non continuous will revert to the classification
normally in place when the tower is closed.
2.3 ENROUTE SERVICE NOT AVAILABLE

2.3.1 TIBA procedures will apply on published TIBA high and low frequencies, except that in
Class “G” airspace other than over the high seas, published area VHF frequencies shall be used.
2.3.2 FIS and SAR alerting will be provided as remaining capability permits.
2.4 APPROACH CONTROL SERVICE NOT AVAILABLE

2.4.1 In Class “C” terminal airspace and control zones, TIBA procedures will apply utilizing a
nominated broadcast frequency. Additionally, mandatory broadcast procedures as specified in
para 2.7 shall be adopted.
2.4.2 In terminal airspace and the control zone associated with a Class “D” tower, ATS will be in
accordance with procedures in force when the tower is closed under normal circumstances.
2.5 AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE NOT AVAILABLE

2.5.1 At continuous aerodromes, TIBA procedures will apply utilizing a nominated broadcast fre-
quency. Additionally, mandatory broadcast procedures as specified in para 2.7 shall be adopted.
2.5.2 At non continuous aerodromes, ATS will be in accordance with procedures in force when
the tower is closed under normal circumstances.
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2.6 AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT

2.6.1 Procedures consistent with Attachment D to ICAO Annex 11 may be promulgated by
NOTAM to assist with management of operations in contingency airspace. Procedures may
include on or more of, but not be limited to:
a. Programmed take-off and arrival times at locations where there is a likelihood of high traffic
densities occurring;
b. Additional mandatory broadcast requirements in terminal airspace;
c. Nomination of preferred runways;
d. A requirement for all operations in Class “C” terminal areas to be under the IFR;
e. A requirement to operate TCAS and transponder where fitted;
f. A requirement to display navigation lights.
2.7 MANDATORY BROADCAST PROCEDURES (ATC TEMPORARILY NOT

AVAILABLE)
2.7.1 When ATC is temporarily not available, mandatory broadcast procedures may be specified
in addition to TIBA broadcasts and will be used by pilots to provide advisory traffic information to
other aircraft and to arrange mutual segregation. Mandatory broadcast frequencies will be notified
by NOTAM.
2.7.2 When arriving or departing from an aerodrome where mandatory broadcast procedures
apply, pilots must monitor the appropriate mandatory broadcast frequency. Broadcasts must be
made as follows:
SITUATION PHRASE
1. Broadcasts ALL STATIONS (location) (appropriate infor-
When a pilot broadcasts intentions. mation)
2. Taxi (aircraft type) TAXIING (location) RUNWAY

(number) FOR (destination, or departure
Taxiing at an aerodrome. quadrant or intention)
LINING UP / ROLLING (runway number)
3. About to Commence Takeoff TURNING (left / right) TRACKING (quadrant)
CLIMBING TO (level)
DEPARTED (location) TRACKING (degrees
4. Departing magnetic) CLIMBING TO (level) FOR (desti-
nation)
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SITUATION PHRASE
5. Inbound (Aircraft type) (position reported as either
When inbound – before crossing the boundary the radial, bearing or quadrant from the aer-
of the area in which mandatory broadcasts ap- odrome) (level) (intentions)
ply
(Aircraft type) JOINING (position in circuit)
6. Joining the Circuit
RUNWAY (number)
2.7.3 Pilot discretion should be used in making other than the prescribed calls to assist other
traffic; e.g., executing a missed approach, or position in the circuit area, or leaving levels designa-
ted on TMA routes.
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AIR TRAFFIC INCIDENTS
1 ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS

1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 The Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) is an independent Commonwealth Gov-
ernment statutory agency. The Bureau is managed by a Commission and is entirely separate
from transport regulators, policy makers and service providers. The ATSB is established by the
Transport Safety Investigation Act 2003 (TSI Act) and conducts its investigations in accordance
with the provisions of the Act. The TSI Act provides guidance for the investigation of all civil avia-
tion occurrences within Australian Territory and for all occurrences involving civil registered Aus-
tralian aircraft outside Australian Territory.
1.1.2 The fundamental objective of air safety investigations is the prevention of accidents and
incidents. The ATSB’s investigations are independent and do not assign blame. The aim of the
investigations is to determine all the factors involved and to use this information as the basis for
enhancing safety in aviation.
1.1.3 The results of an investigation are required to be made known through a report which may
constitute:
a. a formal report,
b. safety action statements, or
c. safety recommendations.
Publication of the report may occur on the ATSB website (www.atsb.gov.au) and in ATSB publi-
cations.
1.1.4 Contact details for the ATSB are:
ATSB
Address: PO Box 967
Civic Square
CANBERRA
ACT
2608
Tel: 1800 011 034, or
61-2-6230 4408
Fax: 61-2-6274 6434
1.2 IMMEDIATELY AND ROUTINE REPORTABLE MATTERS

1.2.1 Regulation 2.5 of the Transport Safety Investigation Regulations 2003 (TSI Regulations)
contains a list of ‘responsible persons’ for reporting aviation occurrences to the ATSB. A “respon-
sible person” is listed as:
a. a crew member of the aircraft concerned;
b. the owner of operator of the aircraft;
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c. a person performing an air traffic control service in relation to the aircraft;

d. a person performing a dedicated aerodrome rescue or firefighting service in relation to the
aircraft;
e. a person who:
1. is licensed as an aircraft maintenance engineer under the Civil Aviation Regulations
1988 or the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, and
2. does any work in relation to the aircraft;
f. a member of the ground handling crew in relation to the aircraft;
g. a member of the staff of the CASA; and
h. the operator of an aerodrome.
1.2.2 A responsible person is not required to report if he/she has reasonable grounds to believe
another responsible person has reported the occurrence.
1.2.3 The occurrences which a “responsible person” is required to report are listed as either
immediately Reportable Matters (IRM) or Routine Reportable Matters (RRM). IRM must be
reported as soon as reasonable practicable by telephone 1800 011 034, and then a follow-up writ-
ten report must be made within 72 hours. RRM require only a written report within 72 hours.
1.2.4 Listed below are the IRM and RRM that must be reported by:
a. all aircraft operations,
b. air transport operations, and
c. aircraft operations other than air transport operations.
NOTE: An “air transport operation” is a regular public transport operation or a charter operations.
The TSI Regulations contain a more comprehensive definition for the term as well as definitions
for other terms used in the list of reportable matters below. Refer to the ATSB website
(www.atsb.gov.au) for a complete copy of the TSI Act, TSI Regulations and explanatory
material.
2 REPORTING — ALL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS

2.1 IRM
2.1.1 IRM for all aircraft operations are:
a. subject to the exclusions in the note below, the death of, or a serious injury to:
1. a person on board the aircraft or in contact with the aircraft, or anything attached to the
aircraft, or anything that has become detached from the aircraft; or
2. a person who has been directly exposed to jet blast;
NOTE: “The death of, or a serious injury to, a person” does not include:
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a. death or serious injury resulting from natural causes (except to a flight crew
member); or
b. death or serious injury that is intentionally self-inflicted; or
c. death or serious injury that is intentionally caused by another person; or
d. death or serious injury suffered by a stowaway in a part of the aircraft that is not
usually accessible to crew members or passengers after take-off; or
e. death occurring more than 30 days after the occurrence that caused the death,
unless the death was caused by an injury that required admission to hospital within
30 days after the occurrence.
b. the aircraft believed “missing”;
c. the aircraft suffering serious damage, or the existence of reasonable grounds for believing
that the aircraft has suffered serious damage;
d. the aircraft being inaccessible and the existence of reasonable grounds for believing that the
aircraft has been seriously damaged;
e. breakdown of separation standards, being a failure to maintain a recognised separation
standard (vertical, lateral or longitudinal) between aircraft that are being provided with an air
traffic service separation service.
NOTE: This may result from air traffic service, pilot or other actions, and may occur even if
only one (1) of the aircraft involved is under control of an air traffic service.
3 REPORTING — ALL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS

3.1 IRM
3.1.1 IRM for all air transport operations include:
a. airprox*;
b. violation of controlled airspace;
c. a near-collision involving aircraft manoeuvring on the ground;
d. an occurrence in which flight into terrain is narrowly avoided;
e. the rejection of a take-off from a closed or occupied runway;
f. a take-off from a closed or occupied runway with marginal separation from an obstacle or
obstacles;
g. a landing on a closed or occupied runway;
h. a significant failure to achieve predicted performance during take-off or initial climb;
i. a fire (even if subsequently extinguished), smoke, fumes or an explosion on, or in, any part
of the aircraft;
j. an uncontained engine failure;
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k. a mechanical failure resulting in the shutdown of an engine;

l. the use of any procedure for overcoming an emergency;
m. an event requiring the use of oxygen by a flight crew member;
n. malfunction of an aircraft system that seriously affects the operation of the aircraft;
o. a flight crew member becoming incapacitated during flight;
p. fuel exhaustion;
q. the aircraft’s supply of useable fuel becoming so low (whether or not as a result of fuel star-
vation) that the pilot declares an emergency in flight;
r. undershooting, over-running or running off the side of a runway during take-off or landing, or
any other similar occurrence;
s. any of the following occurrences, if the occurrence causes difficulty controlling the aircraft:
1. a weather phenomenon; or
2. operation outside the aircraft’s approved envelope;
t. the failure of two (2) or more related redundant systems for flight guidance and navigation;
and
u. serious damage to, or destruction of, any property outside the aircraft caused by contact
with the aircraft or anything that has become detached from the aircraft.
*airprox means an occurrence in which two (2) or more aircraft come into such close proximity
that a threat to the safety of the aircraft exists or may exist, in airspace where the aircraft are not
subject to an air traffic separation standard or where separation is a pilot responsibility.
3.2 RRM
3.2.1 RRM for all air transport operations include:
a. an injury, other than a serious injury, to:
1. a person on board the aircraft or in contact with the aircraft or anything attached to the
aircraft or anything that has become detached from the aircraft; or
2. a person who has been directly exposed to jet blast;
b. the aircraft suffering damage that compromises, or has the potential to compromise, the
safety of the flight, but is not serious damage;
c. flight below the minimum altitude, except in accordance with a normal arrival or departure
procedure;
d. a ground proximity warning system alert;
e. a critical rejected take-off, except on a closed or occupied runway;
f. a runway incursion;
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g. any of the following occurrences, if the occurrence compromises, or has the potential to
compromise, the safety of the flight;
1. a failure to achieve predicted performance during takeoff or initial climb;
2. malfunction of an aircraft system, if the malfunction does not seriously affect the opera-
tion of the aircraft;
NOTE: Aircraft systems include flight guidance and navigation systems.
3. fuel starvation that does not require the declaration of an emergency;
h. any or the following occurrences, if the occurrence compromises or has the potential to
compromise the safety of the flight, but does not cause difficulty controlling the aircraft:
1. a weather phenomenon;
2. operation outside the aircraft’s approved flight envelope;
i. failure or inadequacy of a facility used in connection with the air transport operation, such
as:
1. a navigation or communication aid; or
2. an air traffic control service or general operational service; or
3. an airfield facility, including lighting or a manoeuvring, taxiing or take-off surface;
j. misinterpretation by a flight crew member of information or instructions including;
1. the incorrect setting of a transponder code; or
2. flight on a level or route different to the level or route allocated for the flight; or
3. the incorrect receipt or interpretation of a significant radio, telephone or electronic text
message:
k. breakdown of coordination, being an occurrence in which traffic related information flow
within the air traffic service system is late, incorrect, incomplete or absent;
l. failure of air traffic services to provide adequate traffic information to a pilot in relation to
other aircraft;
NOTE: The information may have been incomplete, incorrect, late or absent.
m. a traffic collision avoidance system resolution advisory being given to the pilot of the aircraft:
n. an occurrence arising from the loading or carriage of passengers, cargo or fuel, such as:
1. the loading of an incorrect quantity of fuel, if the loading of the incorrect quantity is
likely to have a significant effect on aircraft endurance, performance, balance or struc-
tural integrity; or
2. the loading or an incorrect type of fuel or other essential fluid, or contaminated fuel or
other essential fluid; or
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3. the incorrect loading of passengers, baggage or cargo, if the incorrect loading has a
significant effect on the mass or balance of the aircraft; or
4. the carriage of dangerous goods in contravention of Commonwealth, State or Territory
legislation; or
5. the incorrect securing of cargo containers or significant items of cargo; or
6. the incorrect stowage of baggage or cargo, if the incorrect stowage is likely to cause a
hazard to the aircraft or its equipment or occupants, or to impede emergency evacua-
tion; or
7. a significant contamination of the aircraft structure, systems or equipment, arising from
the carriage of baggage or cargo; or
8. the presence of a violent or armed passenger;
o. a collision with an animal, including a bird.
4 REPORTING — ALL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS OTHER THAN

AIR TRANSPORT OPERATIONS
4.1 RRM
4.1.1 RRM for all aircraft other than air transport operations include:
a. an injury other than a serious injury, to a person on board the aircraft;
b. a flight crew member becoming incapacitated while operating the aircraft;
c. airprox;
d. an occurrence in which flight into terrain is narrowly avoided;
e. the use of any procedure for overcoming an emergency;
f. an occurrence that results in difficulty controlling the aircraft, including any of the following
occurrences:
1. an aircraft system failure;
2. a weather phenomenon;
3. operation outside the aircraft’s approved flight envelope;
g. fuel exhaustion;
h. the aircraft’s supply of useable fuel becoming so low (whether or not as a result of fuel star-
vation) that the safety of the aircraft is compromised;
i. a collision with an animal, including a bird, on a certified or registered aerodrome.
5 WRITTEN REPORT
5.1 The written report required to be submitted under Section 19 of the Act should preferably
use the Air Safety Accident or Incident Report (ASAIR) format. For a reportable matter other than
for a collision with an animal or bird, a requirement of regulation 2.6 of the TSI Regulations is that
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the report should contain as much of the following information as is within the person’s knowl-
edge:
a. the name and contact details of the person making the report;
b. the person’s role in relation to the aircraft concerned;
c. the type, model, nationality, registration marks and flight number (if any) of the aircraft;
d. the name of the owner of the aircraft;
e. the name and contact details of the operator of the aircraft;
f. if the aircraft was under hire when the reportable matter occurred, the name of the hirer;
g. the name and nationality of the pilot, and the type and licence number of the licence held by
the pilot;
h. the name and nationality of each other flight crew member (if any), and the type and licence
number of the licence held by each member;
i. the day and local time when the reportable matter occurred;
j. if, when the reportable matter occurred, the aircraft was inflight:
1. the place where the flight started; and
2. the place where the flight ended, or was intended to end; and
3. the purpose of the flight;
k. unless the reportable matter occurred at an airport, the location of the aircraft immediately
after the occurrence of the reportable matter, including the geographical coordinates of that
location;
l. the number of persons on board the aircraft when the reportable matter occurred;
m. the nature of the reportable matter, including:
1. its outcome or effect on the flight of the aircraft;
2. the phase of the aircraft’s flight when the matter occurred;
3. the weather conditions;
4. the airspace designation;
5. the altitude at which the matter occurred;
6. If the matter occurred at or in relation to, an airport, the name of the airport, and, if it
occurred on, or in relation to, a runway, the runway number;
7. if the matter involved a collision with an animal, including a bird, the nature of the colli-
sion;
8. the causes of the occurrence (if known), including any human performance issues;
9. any safety action carried out to prevent a recurrence of the matter; and
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10. the nature and extent of any damage to the aircraft;

n. the physical characteristics of the area where the reportable matter occurred (eg, the terrain,
vegetation cover, and existence and location of any buildings, runways or aerodromes);
o. the flight rules under which the aircraft was operating at the time of the reportable matter;
p. the type of aircraft operation the aircraft was engaged in at the time of the reportable matter;
q. if the matter resulted in a fatality or serious injury, and the aircraft carried an emergency
locator transmitter:
1. the manufacturer and model of the emergency locator transmitter;
2. whether it was fixed or portable;
3. its location in the aircraft; and
4. whether it was activated;
r. if the aircraft’s pilot has died:
1. the pilot’s date of birth; and
2. the pilot’s total flying hours on all aircraft and flying hours on the same type of aircraft;
s. if any crew members have died or been seriously injured as a result of the reportable
matter, how many, and their names and nationalities;
t. if any passengers have died or been seriously injured as a result of the reportable matter,
how many, and their names and nationalities; and
u. if any other persons have died or been seriously injured as a result of the reportable matter,
how many, and their names and nationalities.
5.2 For a reportable matter than amounts to a collision with an animal or bird only the report
must contain as much of the following information as is within the knowledge of the person
making the report.
a. the name and contact details of the person making the report;
b. the day and local time when the reportable matter occurred;
c. the nature of the reportable matter, including:
1. if the matter occurred at, or in relation to, an airport, the name of the airport, and if it
occurred on, or in relation to, a runway, the runway number; and
2. the nature and extent of any damage to the aircraft; and
d. any other information that the person making the report considers appropriate.
5.3 The completed ASAIR should be forwarded directly by mail, facsimile, or via the on-line
website (www.atsb.gov.au) notification form to the ATSB central office in Canberra.
5.4 An ASAIR form may be obtained on line at www.atsb.gov.au or by contacting the ATSB on
the free-call phone number 1800 011 034 (primary notification number) or 1800 02 616 (safety
information number and secondary notification number).
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6 INVESTIGATION
6.1 The transport safety investigator of an IRM or an RRM has the capacity to obtain such infor-
mation as is necessary to conduct the investigation through the powers delegated to him or her
under Part 5 of the TSI Act. However, the investigator will always seek where possible, to obtain
information in cooperation with an owner or occupier. Copies of flight plans, logs and briefing
documents should be retained by the pilot for 14 days after a flight in case they may be required
by the investigator.
6.2 Section 24 of the TSI Act makes a person guilty of an offence for reckless conduct that
adversely affects an investigation. For an IRM, this may be conduct that occurs before the investi-
gation is commenced. The offence does not apply if the conduct is authorised by the Executive
Director of the ATSB or a delegate, or if the conduct was necessary to:
a. ensure the safety of persons, animals or property; or
b. remove deceased persons or animals from an accident site; or
c. move or transport vehicle, or the wreckage of a transport vehicle, to a safe place; or
d. protect the environment from significant damage or pollution.
6.3 Under section 43 of the TSI Act, the Executive Director of the ATSB, or a delegate may
impose a ‘Protection Order’ on evidence relevant to the investigation. For example, aircraft wreck-
age, maintenance records or cockpit voice recorders. Where such evidence is under a ‘Protection
Order’, the removal or interference with that evidence is an offence. However, the same excep-
tions listed above for Section 24 apply for ‘Protection Orders’.
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RULES AND PROCEDURES
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic in Australia and its Territories conform
to Annexes 2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to those portions of the
Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) Civil Aviation Regulations (CARs) and the Civil Aviation
Orders (CAOs) applicable to aircraft.
Revisions to charts and pages become effective at 1600 hours UTC on the day prior to the rele-
vant effective date; e.g., a chart with an effective date of 26 Jun becomes effective at 06251600
UTC. When no effective date is listed, the charts and pages are effective on receipt.
Units of measurement used in airways operations and air-ground communications are as listed in
the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation (generally in Nautical Miles and Tenths
excess of 2 NM)
NOTE: Miles must be read as nautical
miles unless otherwise stated. The word
“nautical” may be omitted from air-ground
communications.
Short distances Meters
Vertical speed Feet Per Minute
Wind direction for runway operations Degrees Magnetic
Wind direction except for runway opera- Degrees True
tions
Visibility, including runway visual range Kilometers or Meters
Weight (Mass) Metric Tons or Kilograms
Time Hours and Minutes
An aircraft which is unable to use these units shall advise and request the ground station to trans-
mit in units usable by the aircraft.
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WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures comply with Jeppesen ATC Chapter “Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) – Hold-
ing Procedures,” Table IV-1-1, Holding Speeds.
When leaving an enroute holding pattern, jet aircraft must advise ATC if operating at other than
250 KIAS. Aircraft should maintain a constant IAS, and any sustained speed variation of more
than 10 kt must be advised to ATC.
PROCEDURE LIMITATIONS AND OPTIONS

Instrument approach procedures are designed to criteria contained in two different versions of
ICAO PANS-OPS, Document 8168. Charts on which minima are not identified by aircraft category
are old criteria charts.
Charts drawn to the old criteria will be replaced progressively.
Minimum Sector Altitude
25 NM and 10 NM MSAs provide 1000 ft obstacle clearance. An aircraft within 25 NM or 10 NM of
the facility may use the applicable MSA, and deviation from the track being flown is permitted to
facilitate entry to the instrument approach. In instances where the 25 NM MSA has been divided
into sectors, and the appropriate Sector MSA is lower than the 10 NM MSA, the Sector MSA may
be used for tracking to the aid provided aircraft tracking can be maintained within the sector.
Procedure Entry
Having arrived over the IAF or facility, and except as provided for below, further descent shall be
made in accordance with the entry and holding procedures to the specified altitude for commenc-
ing the approach and subsequently in accordance with the approved instrument approach proce-
dure.
An aircraft which is not required to hold or to lose height in a holding pattern may commence the
approach without entering the holding pattern if:
a. in controlled airspace, ATC has cleared the aircraft to do so; and
b. in any airspace, for procedures using radio navaids:
1. the reversal procedure entry requirements are satisfied; or
2. the DME arc entry requirements are satisfied; or
3. the enroute track to the procedure’s commencement fix or facility is within 30 degrees
either side of the first track of the procedure; or
c. for procedures using GNSS:
1. in any airspace, the aircraft is tracking to an initial approach way-point from within the
capture region for that way-point; or
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NOTE: The first track of a GNSS procedure must be joined using the tracking guidance
provided by the GPS receiver.
2. in controlled airspace, the aircraft is being vectored to intercept the initial approach seg-
ment or is tracking direct to the intermediate fix.
NOTE: “direct to” clearances may be requested to the intermediate fix (IF) provided that
the resultant track change at the IF does not exceed 45°.
Visual Approaches
Subject to the requirements for Visual Circling, Visual Segments and Missed Approach Proce-
dures, the pilot need not commence or may discontinue the approved instrument approach proce-
dure to an aerodrome when:
a. By Day — Within 30 NM of the aerodrome at an altitude not below the LSALT/MSA for the
route segment, the appropriate step of the DME or GPS Arrival Procedure, or the MDA for
the procedure being flown and the aircraft is established:
1. clear of cloud;
2. in sight of ground or water;
3. with a flight visibility not less than 5000m or the aerodrome is in sight; and
4. subsequently can maintain (1), (2) and (3) at an altitude not less than the minimum pre-
scribed for VFR flight (CAR 157) to within the circling area.
b. By Night — At an altitude not below the LSALT/MSA for the route segment, the appropriate
step of the DME or GPS Arrival Procedure, or the MDA for the procedure being flown, the
aircraft is established:
1. clear of cloud;
3. with a flight visibility not less than 5000m; and
4. within the circling area; or
5. within 5 NM (7 NM for a runway equipped with an ILS) of that aerodrome aligned with
the runway centerline and established not below “on slope” on the T-VASIS or PAPI; or
6. within 10 NM (14 NM for runways 16L and 34L at Sydney Intl) of that aerodrome, estab-
lished not below the ILS glide path with less than full scale azimuth deflection.
Visual Circling or During Non-precision Approach (NPA)
During visual circling or during a NPA, descent below MDA may only occur when the pilot:
a. maintains the aircraft within the circling area; and
b. maintains a visibility, along the intended flight path, not less than the minimum specified on
the chart for the procedure;
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c. maintains visual contact with the landing runway environment (i.e. the runway threshold or
approach lighting or other markings identifiable with the runway); and either
d. by night or day, while complying with a., b. and c. and from a position within the circling area
on the downwind, base or final leg of the landing traffic pattern at an altitude not less than
the MDA, can complete a continuous descent to the landing threshold using rates of descent
and flight maneuvers which are normal for the aircraft type and, during this descent, main-
tains an obstacle clearance along the flight path not less than the minimum for the aircraft
performance category until the aircraft is aligned with the landing runway; or
e. in daylight only, while complying with a., b. and c., maintains visual contact with obstacles
along the intended flight path and an obstacle clearance not less than the minimum for the
aircraft performance category until the aircraft is aligned with the landing runway.
Go Around And Missed Approach Procedure in VMC

In the event that an aircraft is required to go around from a visual approach in VMC, the aircraft
must initially climb on runway track, remain visual and await instructions from ATC. If the aircraft
can not clear obstacles on runway track, the aircraft may turn.
The exception to the above procedure is that, at Sydney Intl, a visual go around must be carried
out:
a. in accordance with the published instrument missed approach procedure for the primary
instrument approach for the runway the aircraft is using; or
b. as directed by ATC.
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Missed Approach Procedure in VMC

In the event that an aircraft is unable, or does not wish, to land from an instrument approach in
VMC, the aircraft must carry out the published instrument missed approach procedure for the
instrument approach being flown, unless ATC directs otherwise.
Aircraft Speed
On procedures designed to the new ICAO PANS-OPS, handling speeds are based on aircraft cat-
egory.
On reversal procedures for which a FAF is not published, final approach speed should be
obtained before descending on the inbound track.
All aircraft operating into and out of Melbourne Intl, Essendon and, all aircraft arriving or departing
within 30 NM of Sydney Intl, maximum speed is 250 KIAS when operating below 10,000 ft. Air-
craft which require speeds greater than 250 KIAS must advise ATC. Higher speeds assigned by
ATC above 10,000 ft does not negate this requirement.
All jet aircraft departing Sydney Intl must commence acceleration to 250 KIAS no later than 3000
ft, then must maintain 250 kts until leaving 10,000 ft. Pilots unable to comply must advise ATS
with Airways Clearance Request.
AIRPORT OPERATING MINIMUMS

On procedures designed to the new PANS-OPS criteria Australia publishes Decision Altitude
(DA), Height Above Threshold (HAT) and visibility for precision approaches; Minimum Descent
Altitude (MDA), Height Above Aerodrome (HAA) and visibility are published for non-precision
approaches. Unless otherwise noted on the approach chart, MDA and DA equals the OCA.
Minimum Altitudes and visibility are published for landing on procedures designed to the earlier
PANS-OPS criteria.
Ceiling and visibility, or, for multi-engine aircraft meeting certain criteria, visibility only are pub-
lished for take-off. Ceiling and visibility are published for alternate.
The landing, circling, and alternate minima for many Australian instrument approach and DME or
GPS arrival procedures were calculated using forecast aerodrome QNH. These minima may be
reduced by 100 ft whenever actual aerodrome QNH is obtained. Jeppesen portrays the minima
for both forecast QNH and actual QNH. Approved sources of actual QNH are ATC, ATIS, AWIS
and CASA-approved meteorological observers. An actual aerodrome QNH obtained from an
approved source is valid for a period of 15 minutes from the time of receipt.
NOTE: METAR QNH does not meet the above requirement for actual QNH.
Where the forecast area QNH is used, the minima used must be increased by 50 ft.
Jeppesen charted minimums are not below State minimums.
Aerodrome Operating Minima (AOM)
Operators must, in accordance with ICAO Annex 6, Part I, Chapter 4, establish AOM for each aer-
odrome to be used for operations. After consideration of the factors listed in Annex 6, operators
may determine that their AOM should be higher than the stated aerodrome operating minima. In
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any event, all DAs must be adjusted to determine an AOM which accounts for aircraft pressure
error. Operators may apply aircraft Pressure Error Correction (PEC) or, alternatively, add at least
50 ft to the published DA. Compensation for aircraft pressure error is not required when determin-
ing AOM for non-precision approaches.
Runway Visual Range (RVR) — The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the center line of
a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying
its center line. (ICAO)
In Australia, Runway Visual Range (RVR) observations are based solely on the information provi-
ded by electronic systems such as transmissometers. RVR observations representative of the
touchdown, midpoint and roll out/stop end zones are automatically displayed in the local ATC unit.
At locations where RVR information is accessible to the Bureau of Meteorology, the RVR is inclu-
ded in METAR and SPECI reports.
Runway Visibility (RV) — The distance along a runway over which a person can see and recog-
nize a visibility marker or runway lights.
At places not equipped with RVR sensors or where one or more RVR sensors are unserviceable,
a Runway Visibility (RV) assessment may be provided instead. An RV assessment is a report on
the visibility in the touchdown and midpoint zones of a runway, and is assessed by a ground
observer counting visible runway lights or visibility markers.
An RV assessment is NOT a substitute for a required RVR observation and CANNOT be used:
a. for Category II and III precision approaches, or
b. for Category I approaches when the visibility is less than 800M, or
c. for low visibility takeoffs where the visibility is less than 350M.
An RV assessment is a subset of a general visibility observation and is intended to provide visibil-
ity information specific to a particular runway; which may be more useful to a pilot than the overall
ground visibility. Pilots will be notified by ATIS broadcast or directed transmission if RVR/RV is not
available when visibility is less than 800M.
PILOT ACTIVATED LIGHTING (PAL)

PAL installations provide a means of activation of aerodrome, runway, taxiway, apron, VASIS and
wind indicator lighting. The lighting is activated using coded carrier wave only VHF transmissions
within a short range of a PAL equipped aerodrome.
Operation of VHF Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL)
a. ON DEPARTURE: Before taxi
b. ON ARRIVAL: Within 15 NM of AD, and at or ABV LSALT select the appropriate VHF FREQ:
1. Transmit pulse must be between 1 and 5 SECS.

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2. Three pulses must be transmitted within 25 SECS. Ensure that the third pulse ends
before the 25th second.
3. Break between transmissions can be more or less than 1 SEC – (no limit).
Lights to illuminate for a minimum of 30 MINS. If not:
– keep transmitting 3 SEC pulses,
– check frequency.
4. When runway lights are about to extinguish, the wind indicator light will flash continu-
ously. REPEAT OPERATING PROCEDURE.
PAL will remain illuminated for 30 to 60 minutes depending on the installation timer setting. The
wind indicator light will flash continuously during the last 10 minutes of lighting illumination to warn
users that the lights are about to extinguish. To maintain continuity of lighting, repeat the activa-
tion sequence.
PAL is indicated on applicable Terminal Airport Charts or in the Airport Directory at locations
where available.
AERODROME FREQUENCY RESPONSE UNIT WITH PAL OPTION (AFRU + PAL)
PAL operation may be provided as an optional function of the AFRU on the associated aerodrome
CTAF. Aerodrome lighting enabled by AFRU + PAL is available only during night hours or at other
times of low natural light levels. During periods of daylight, when the light intensity is above a
preset level, the system will not activate the lights.
Where a discrete PAL frequency is also provided, actuation of the aerodrome lights may be effec-
ted either by using the PAL system on the discrete PAL frequency, or the AFRU + PAL system on
the CTAF.
On receipt of the required aircraft transmission, the AFRU will operate the aerodrome lighting cir-
cuitry (runway and wind indicator lights). The AFRU will transmit the standard reply (the aero-
drome name and CTAF) immediately followed by the additional confirming message, “RUNWAY
LIGHTS ON”. If the lights do not illuminate, the AFRU will transmit the message, “NO RUNWAY
LIGHTS”. In this case, pilots should key the required transmission again or, alternatively, change
to the PAL frequency and operate the lights via the PAL.
AFRU + PAL required transmission is:
After actuation, the aerodrome lights will remain illuminated for 30 minutes. After 20 minutes, the
windsock lights will flash at 1 second intervals and the AFRU will transmit the message,
“RUNWAY LIGHTS TEN MINUTES REMAINING”. At any time, rekeying of the required transmis-
sion will reset the lights for a period of 30 minutes.
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NOISE ABATEMENT PROCEDURES

A subsonic jet propelled aircraft will not be permitted to operate in Australia unless it meets the
requirements of ICAO Annex 16, Volume I, Chapter 3 (not published herein).
Operating Marginally Noise Compliant Aircraft (MCC3) at Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth,
Adelaide, Hobart, Canberra, Darwin, Cairns, Gold Coast, Newcastle (Williamtown), Essendon,
and Avalon airports requires prior permission.
Application
Noise Abatement procedures shall normally apply to all jet propelled aircraft and other aircraft
having a MTOW exceeding 5700kg (12,566 lbs).
Where noise abatement procedures are prescribed, and ATC traffic management permits, Noise
Abatement Procedures runway nomination provisions will be applied. Not withstanding this, noise
abatement will not be a determining factor in runway selection under the following circumstances
(unless required by Noise Abatement legislation):
a. In conditions of low clouds, thunderstorms and/or poor visibility;
b. For runway conditions that are completely dry:
1. when the crosswind component, including gusts, exceeds 20 kt;
2. when the downwind component, including gusts, exceeds 5 kt;
c. For runway conditions that are not completely dry:
2. when there is a downwind component;
d. When wind shear has been reported;
e. When, in the opinion of the pilot-in-command, safety would be prejudiced by runway condi-
tions or any other operational consideration.
Noise abatement departure procedures will be developed by the operator for each aircraft type in
accordance with the requirements of ICAO Procedures for Air Navigation Services– Aircraft Oper-
ations (PANS-OPS) Vol. I, Part V, Chapter 3 and are subject to approval by the Civil Aviation
Safety Authority.
Curfews
There are curfews on some operations at Adelaide, Gold Coast, Melbourne/Essendon and
Sydney aerodromes. Details of the curfew are published on the applicable NOISE chart in the
Terminal section.
DME/GPS ARRIVAL PROCEDURES

General
The DME or GPS Arrival procedure is an instrument approach procedure that provides descent
guidance along a specified track or sector, to the visual circling area of an aerodrome. Azimuth
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guidance is required from the specified radio navigation aid. The requirements for visual circling,
missed approach and visual approaches are applicable.
Descent is not permitted until the aircraft is established within the appropriate sector or on the
specified inbound track.
If maneuvering within a sector is required, the pilot must ensure that the aircraft is contained
within the sector, at or above the appropriate segment minimum safe altitude. Maneuvering within
a sector after passing the final approach fix is prohibited.
GPS
Subject to the restrictions stated below, approved GPS systems may be used for distance meas-
urement during the conduct of a DME or GPS Arrival.
The following specific restrictions apply to the conduct of a GPS Arrival:
a. The database medium (card, chip, etc) must be current and of a kind endorsed by the
receiver manufacturer.
b. The coordinates of the destination VOR or NDB, to which the descent procedure relates,
must not be capable of modification by the operator or crew.
c. GPS integrity (e.g., RAIM) must be available before descending below the LSALT/MSA.
d. The nominated azimuth aid (VOR or NDB) must be used to provide track guidance during
the arrival procedure.
e. In the event of a significant disparity between the NDB or VOR track, and the GPS track indi-
cation, the pilot must discontinue the arrival procedure.
NOTE: Significant disparities (Tolerances may be rounded up to the nearest half degree)
are:
a. NDB: > 6.9°, and
b. VOR: > 5.2°.
f. If at any time during the approach, there is cause to doubt the validity of the GPS information
(e.g., RAIM warning), or if GPS integrity is lost (e.g., RAIM not available), the pilot must con-
duct a missed approach.
Operations in Controlled Airspace
The clearance “CLEARED DME (or GPS) ARRIVAL” constitutes a clearance for final approach
and authorizes an aircraft to descend to the minimum altitude specified in the appropriate DME or
GPS arrival procedure. ATC is not permitted to impose any altitude restriction on such a clear-
ance.
When cleared for a DME or GPS arrival in controlled airspace an aircraft must not orbit, enter a
holding pattern, or use holding pattern entry procedures. ATC will not issue a clearance for a
DME or GPS arrival that involves the use of a holding pattern entry procedure.
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When ATC cannot issue a clearance for an unrestricted DME or GPS arrival, the phrase
“DESCEND TO (level) NOT BELOW DME (or GPS) STEPS” may be used. Such an instruction
authorizes descent in accordance with the DME or GPS steps ONLY to the specified altitude.
ATC may clear an aircraft to intercept the final approach segment of another instrument approach
procedure. When clearing an aircraft for such a procedure, ATC will use the phrase “DESCEND
TO (level) NOT BELOW DME (or GPS) STEPS” and will issue further instructions prior to the air-
craft’s reaching the cleared level.
Nothing in these procedures absolves the pilot-in-command from his/her responsibilities to main-
tain the aircraft on the authorized track or within the defined sector.
NOTE 1: Where the track being flown is not aligned with the landing runway, a clearance for a
DME or GPS arrival includes a clearance to maneuver within the circling area to position the air-
craft on final for landing.
NOTE 2: Where possible, DME and GPS arrival procedures are designed to contain the aircraft
within controlled airspace and provide 500 ft separation from the CTA lower limit. However, there
are locations where the procedure commences in Class G airspace, or which can take aircraft into
Class G airspace on descent. Pilots should check procedures to ensure that aircraft are contained
in CTA where required.
STANDARD ARRIVAL ROUTES (STARS)

STARs are pre-planned IFR arrival routes which link enroute airways systems to a fix at or near
the destination aerodrome.
STARs will normally be issued prior to commencement of descent to permit pilots to plan for any
vertical navigation requirements or speed restrictions.
For flights that have included PBN/T1 in Field 18 of the flight notification form, ATC will automati-
cally issue a STAR with an RNP AR termination where available (eg: LIZZI ONE UNIFORM), or
an expectation of an RNP AR approach where there is no applicable STAR, except as follows:
a. The pilot requests an alternative approach.
b. Traffic sequencing requirements.
c. There is no RNP AR approach published for the particular runway or approach track.
Where there is more than one RNP AR approach for a particular runway, ATC will determine the
approach to be used based on traffic sequencing and/or separation requirements.
A STAR may be commenced at any point from a Transition Fix to the Arrival Fix.
A pilot must read back to ATC the STAR identifier and any transition, runway and termination pro-
cedure specified in the STAR clearance.
The pilot in command must advise ATC if cleared via a STAR which requires the use of naviga-
tion aids not available to the aircraft.
Where a STAR incorporates circuit legs to a runway, pilots of aircraft not equipped with a flight
management system may have difficulty with navigation on the STAR. Where this is the case, the
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pilot-in-command should accept the STAR clearance and request vectors when contacting
Approach Control; e.g., “REQUEST VECTORS FROM (waypoint or fix).”
The STAR speed requirement of 250 KIAS maximum below 10,000' must be complied with unless
amended by ATC. A speed restriction greater than 250 KIAS issued above 10,000' does not vary
this requirement. A speed less than 250 KIAS imposed above 10,000' must be complied with
throughout the STAR procedure.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURES

General
Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) are pre-planned IFR departure routes printed for pilot use
in diagrammatic and narrative form.
NOTE: SIDs do not account for engine failures or other emergencies involving loss of aircraft per-
formance.
SIDs (procedural and radar) are procedures to be followed until the aircraft reaches the lowest
safe altitude (LSALT) for intercepting the route segment.
SIDs (procedural and radar) may be flown by aircraft already airborne provided that, before com-
mencing a SID, the pilot visually positions the aircraft on the runway centerline so that all tracking
and altitude requirements can be met.
A procedural SID specifies in both diagrammatic and narrative form the direction of turn, tracks,
and in some cases, altitude requirements and standard departure points. When tracking to or
from a navigation aid is not possible, nominal tracks are shown. The flight planned route should
be intercepted as closely as possible to the specified DME distance, where given.
Unless specifically designated otherwise, procedural SIDs are for use by all aircraft types.
Radar SIDs specify the initial track and minimum altitude at which a turn may be initiated on to the
ATC assigned heading.
NOTE: SID procedures assume that pilots will not compensate for wind effects when being vec-
tored, but will compensate for known or estimated wind effects when flying departure routes which
are expressed as tracks.
Aircraft Performance
SIDs provide specific aircraft performance parameters. The design climb gradients are provided
to assist the pilot in maintaining obstacle clearance. A pilot not meeting the published gradients,
for any reason, accepts responsibility for obstacle clearance. If alternate procedures are neces-
sary; e.g., after engine failure, the pilot-in-command must advise ATC.
PARALLEL INSTRUMENT APPROACHES

Dependent Approaches in IMC
Dependent parallel approaches may be conducted to parallel runways with centerlines separated
by more than 915m provided that:
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a. the aircraft are making straight-in approaches;

b. Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches are being conducted on adjacent runways.
Independent Approaches in IMC
Requirements for pilot participation in independent parallel (ILS PRM) approaches in IMC are
detailed on the Sydney (-Kingsford Smith) Airport chart titled “ILS PRM USER INSTRUCTIONS”.
Suspension of Approaches
Independent parallel approaches to parallel runways spaced less than 1525m will be suspended
during periods of severe weather such as thunderstorms, windshear, turbulence, down draughts
or crosswinds which might increase ILS localizer course deviations to an unacceptable level of
deviation alerts.
PARALLEL VISUAL APPROACHES

Dependent Visual Approaches
Dependent visual approaches to parallel runways may be conducted in accordance with proce-
dures and requirements for visual approaches.
Independent Visual Approaches
Independent visual approaches may be conducted to parallel runways with centerlines separated
by at least 760m provided that the aircraft are making straight-in approaches commencing at the
outer marker or 4 NM from the runway threshold.
Aircraft may be processed via an ILS approach until visual, then cleared for an independent visual
approach. Notification will be by the ATIS using the phrase “EXPECT ILS APPROACH THEN
INDEPENDENT VISUAL APPROACH WHEN VISUAL”. When visual, the pilot will be cleared for
a visual approach and will be required to comply with the pilot responsibilities listed below.
A pilot should report “VISUAL” and/or “RUNWAY (number) LEFT/RIGHT IN SIGHT” as soon as
possible after first contact with Approach / Director. The “VISUAL” report is the only report
required when established on the localizer. The report indicates that the pilot can maintain the
runway in sight throughout the approach. If visual contact is lost, the pilot must advise ATC imme-
diately.
Pilot Responsibilities
Pilots of aircraft conducting independent visual approaches are responsible for:
a. flying accurate headings when being vectored to final;
b. ensuring that the runway centerline is not crossed during intercept;
c. accurately tracking the extended runway centerline;
d. maintaining a visual lookout for aircraft approaching the parallel runway;
e. in the event of an aircraft not complying with a., b. or c. above, maintaining the necessary
separation from aircraft on the other approach;
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f. advising ATC immediately when avoiding action is initiated or visual contact with the runway
is lost; and
g. meeting the obstacle clearance requirements for night visual approaches.
SIMULTANEOUS OPPOSITE DIRECTION PARALLEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS

Simultaneous Opposite Direction Parallel Runway Operations (SODPROPS) may be conducted.
Traffic information, which will include the runway and position of the traffic and may include air-
craft type, will be passed to arriving and departing aircraft as follows:
a. Arriving aircraft will be advised of all departing aircraft that can be expected to depart off the
opposite direction parallel runway and are likely to pass when within 10 NM of touchdown;
e.g., “TRAFFIC (aircraft type) DEPARTING ON OPPOSITE DIRECTION PARALLEL
RUNWAY, TURNING EAST”
b. Departing aircraft will be advised of all arriving aircraft that can be expected on final for the
opposite direction parallel runway and are likely to pass when within 10 NM of departure;
e.g., “TRAFFIC (aircraft type) EIGHT MILES FROM TOUCHDOWN FOR OPPOSITE
DIRECTION PARALLEL RUNWAY”
NOTE: Pilots are not required to report traffic sighted.
LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS (LAHSO)

LAHSO are to be considered dependent procedures, with participating aircraft classified as either:
a. active – when an aircraft is issued a hold short requirement and is alerted about traffic on a
crossing runway; or
b. passive – when an aircraft has unrestricted use of the full runway length and is alerted about
traffic on a crossing runway.
Participation
Pilots of foreign registered civil aircraft and of Australian registered aircraft operating under for-
eign air carrier’s flight numbers are precluded from participation in either active or passive mode
regardless of performance category.
A pilot must not accept a requirement to“ HOLD SHORT” unless he or she is qualified, has situa-
tional awareness, and has determined that the LDA is adequate for the prevailing conditions and
the status of the aircraft. The aeroplane manufacturer’s demonstrated landing distance must be
multiplied by at least a factor of 1.67 for dry conditions and 1.92 for wet or downwind conditions.
Operators of aircraft in any category may elect not to allow their pilots to participate in LAHSO. In
these cases, ATS should be advised in writing, specifying the company’s withdrawal from active,
passive or both modes of participation.
ATIS Broadcast
Pilots will be alerted that LAHSO are in progress by a statement on the ATIS; e.g., “DARWIN
TERMINAL INFORMATION BRAVO, RUNWAYS 29 AND 36, LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPER-
ATIONS IN PROGRESS, (wind, temp, etc.)”
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NOTE: The acronym LAHSO may be used at ATC discretion.

Read-back Requirement
In all cases, pilots must read back an ATC issued requirement to hold short.
LAHSO Information Signs
Distance To Go Signs — This sign is provided on runways used for LAHSO where a pilot may
have difficulty seeing the intersecting runway during the landing roll due to an obstruction such as
a hump in the landing runway. This sign is placed on the left hand side of the runway. The num-
bers shown indicate the distance in meters from the sign to the Hold Short Line.
NOTE: Defense aerodromes also provide Distance To Go signs. The distance shown on such a
sign is in feet and is the distance from the sign to the end of the runway.
Runway Intersection Signs — This sign is normally provided for a runway used in LAHSO to
show the designation of the intersecting runway. A sign is placed on both sides of the runway at
the Hold Short Line (75m to the intersecting runway centerline). These signs are illuminated for
night operations. An ATC take-off or landing clearance constitutes clearance to pass such signs
except when a landing clearance specifically directs that the aircraft hold short of the intersecting
runway during the landing run.
Hold Short Lights

These lights are installed on all runways used for LAHSO. The lights indicate the position of the
hold-short line (no closer than 75m from the intersecting runway centerline) and are additional to
the runway intersections signs and hold-short position markings. They consist of a line of six
white, unidirectional lights occulting at approximately 30 times per minute, installed across the
runway. During LAHSO, the lights will be on and occulting, but an ATC clearance to take off, to
land without a LAHSO instruction or requirement, or to cross the intersection after completing a
LAHSO, constitutes a clearance to cross the lights. When issued with a land-and-hold-short
instruction, a pilot must not permit the aircraft to pass the hold-short lights.
AUSTRALIA
ATS AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION

Controlled airspace is a generic term which, in Australia, covers ATS airspace Classes A, C, D
and E. Applicable airspace classifications are depicted on ENROUTE/AREA Charts.
When ATS airspaces adjoin vertically (one above the other), flights at the common level must
comply with the requirements of, and will be given services applicable to, the less restrictive class
of airspace. In applying these criteria, Class C airspace is considered less restrictive than Class A
airspace; Class D airspace is considered less restrictive than Class C airspace, etc.
NOTE: Heavy or Medium Wake Turbulence category aircraft may be operating at the base and
near the boundaries of controlled airspace. Aircraft operating in Class G airspace in the vicinity of
controlled airspace may be affected by wake turbulence from aircraft operating within controlled
airspace.
When airspace classes adjoin laterally, flights at the common boundary will be given services
applicable to the lower class of airspace (where A is the highest and G is the lowest).
CONTROL AREAS
A control area (CTA) is defined as “a controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit
above the earth.” Control areas normally operate continuously. Areas identified by the word
NOTAM may be activated, or additional areas may be established to meet temporary require-
ments, by the issuance of a NOTAM or AIP Supplement.
CONTROL ZONE
A control zone (CTR) is defined as “a controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of
the earth to a specified upper limit.” CTRs surround controlled aerodromes and are designated as
follows:
a. Civil CTR: A CTR, administered by a civil air navigation service provider, other than a mili-
tary CTR. Class C or Class D procedures and services apply.
b. Military CTR: A CTR administered by the Australian Defence Force. Class C procedures
and services apply to civil flights.
CTRs are active during the hours of the operation of the control tower. Military CTRs may be acti-
vated at short notice. Pilots should plan their operations on the basis that CTRs are active unless
advised to the contrary.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS AND REGULATIONS

GENERAL
Submission of flight plan details at least 30 minutes before estimated time of departure is recom-
mended.
AUSTRALIA
Flight Number Call-signs — Using Group Form

Within Australian airspace, “group form” is the preferred means of transmitting call-sign/flight
number. Group form should also be used with military and other aircraft using a root word call-
sign with numeric suffix.
Group form is the grouping of numbers into pairs, or where a number ending in “00” is spoken in
hundreds. For three digit numbers, the second and third numbers are grouped. Examples are as
follows:
SUNSTATE 122 SUNSTATE ONE TWENTY TWO

EASTERN 1220 EASTERN TWELVE TWENTY
CAR 21 CAR TWENTY ONE
CLASSIC 12 CLASSIC TWELVE
VIRGIN 702 VIRGIN SEVEN ZERO TWO
BIRDOG 021 BIRDOG ZERO TWENTY ONE
QANTAS 800 QANTAS EIGHT HUNDRED
Pilots and ATS should be aware that the preference to use “group form” does not invalidate any
transmissions made in conventional formats. However, to retain the integrity in the communication
between ATS and operators, the identification format used should be consistent.
A pilot not using “group form” in establishing communication, but subsequently addressed by ATS
in this format, should adopt the use of “group form” for the remainder of the flight in Australian
airspace.
There is no additional abbreviated form when using flight number call-signs. The airline designa-
tor and all digits of the call-sign, including leading zeros, must be pronounced.
ENGINE START, PUSH BACK AND TAXI

Engine Start
The pilot-in-command must request approval to start engines when the requirement is notified by
ATIS, NOTAM, AIP Supplement, ATC or indicated on the applicable Terminal Airport chart.
Push Back
The pilot-in-command must obtain an approval to push back where this maneuver is necessary
prior to taxiing.
Example: * Denotes pilot transmission
a. *[aircraft location] REQUEST PUSHBACK
b. PUSHBACK APPROVED TAIL (direction e.g. North)
c. PUSHBACK AT OWN DISCRETION [TAIL (direction e.g. West)]
d. EXPECT (number) MINUTES DELAY DUE (reason)
AUSTRALIA
Taxi Clearance
For IFR flights operating as other than regular public transport, the pilot-in-command must provide
ATC with the number of persons on board (POB) when requesting taxi clearance.
Airborne Report — Class C Control Zones
In Class C Control Zones (where an ATS surveillance service is provided), on first contact with
departures control, a pilot must report:
a. the direction of turn;
b. the initial heading;
c. the altitude passing, to nearest 100'; and
d. the last assigned level.
However, an aircraft tracking via a SID which does not incorporate initial heading instructions is
only required to advise altitude passing and confirm assigned level.
Departure Report — Class D Control Zones
In Class D control zones (where a procedural service is provided), the pilot of an IFR flight must
report after take off:
a. departure time (if applicable);
b. tracking information;
c. the last assigned altitude; and
d. the estimate for the first reporting point enroute.
Enroute
In controlled airspace, separation standards are based on the pilot maintaining track as closely as
possible at all times. Corrective action must be taken to regain track as soon as any deviation is
observed.
If an aircraft on a long over-water flight operating in an oceanic Class A airspace has inadvertently
deviated from the route specified in its ATC clearance, the pilot must take action to regain the
cleared route within 200 NM from the position at which the deviation was observed.
TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

Perth Feeder Fix Flow Procedure
The feeder fix positions are:
a. Jets – SAILS, JULIM, BEVLY, SOLUS and MANDU;
b. Turbo-props – CONNI, GRENE, DAYLR, SOLUS and MANDU.
Aircraft will be assigned a time at which to cross the feeder fix and will be instructed to fly at 250
KIAS for jets and 220 KIAS for turbo-props from the feeder fix. Pilots will be required to make their
own decisions on the speed required to achieve the time at the fix. Where it is not possible to ach-
AUSTRALIA
ieve the required delay with speed, aircraft may be vectored or required to hold to achieve the
feeder fix time. The feeder fix time will not be altered, except in unexpected circumstances once,
in the case of jet aircraft, they are within 120 NM of Perth and in the case of turbo-prop aircraft
within 90 NM of Perth. Outside of these distances, the time may be altered to amend the
sequence or to fit aircraft departing closer to Perth into the sequence.
Aircraft departing from Aerodromes within 300 NM Perth, using the ground based delay proce-
dure, will be given a feeder fix time in lieu of a landing time. It is most important that these times
are precisely met. ATC should be advised as soon as it is apparent that the fix time cannot be
met. Contact Perth TCU Phone 08 9476 8620.
Slot Allocations
An airline has the responsibility to obtain separately from any airport owners and/or operators,
permission to operate services to and from the airports on the days and the times it proposes for
scheduled and non-scheduled operations.
In addition, the Sydney Airport Demand Management Act 1997 requires all aircraft operators
(excluding emergency and state aircraft) to obtain time slots (slots) for all arrivals and departures
at Sydney Intl in advance of the operation. Airport Coordination Australia manages the allocation
of all slots at Sydney Intl and slots for international services at all other Australian international
gateways on behalf of the airport owners and/or operators and the Commonwealth.
Allocation of slots is undertaken in accordance with the airport facilities limitations, the Sydney
Airport Demand Management Act 1997 and regulations made under the Act, and the Slot Man-
agement and Compliance Schemes approved under the Act. Airport Coordination Australia, as
the coordinator, can be contacted by:
AUSTRALIA
NSW 2020
Tel: +61-2-9313 5469
Mobile: +61-417 494 670
Fax: +61-2-9313 4210
E-Mail: aca@coordaus.com.au
Internet: www.coordaus.com.au
SITA: HQDACXH
– or –
In person at the office:
Address: International Terminal
Level 3, Suite 1227
AUSTRALIA
Aircraft are required to operate according to allocated slot times. An allocated slot time has a tol-
erance of +/- 15 minutes for sectors of less than three (3) hours or +/- 30 minutes for sectors
greater than three (3) hours. Penalties for non-compliance with allocated times may apply.
CENTRAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CTMS) — SYDNEY

Long range traffic arriving Sydney Intl between 1900–2100 are requested to advise ATC of TAS
upon entry to Australian FIR. Traffic sequencing may be conducted for flights arriving Sydney air-
port between 1900–2100. Flow instructions may be issued to these aircraft up to 1,000NM from
destination. There will be no change to existing priorities. Times issued may be subject to change
for operational reasons.
Pilots operating into and out of Sydney airport are required to obtain a slot in advance of the oper-
ation. Slots are obtained from Airport Coordination Australia (ACA) on (02) 9313 5469 or Fax (02)
9313 4210, Mon-Fri 0800 – 1600 LT. Arrival Slots allocated by ACA may be subject to change by
CTMS because of operational constraints. Slots for short notice non-scheduled flights shall be
obtained on the day of operation from ATC on 1800 020 626. These slots will be allocated from
the available pool.
All fixed-wing aircraft operating into Sydney are required to advise flight details. Failure to advise
or update flight details may result in extensive airborne holding or no airways clearance being
issued.
Flights will be allocated landing times based on the available capacity of the airport. Landing
times may be varied due to changes in conditions e.g. unexpected weather conditions or sudden
changes in RWY capacity. Pilots are required to adhere to these times. Departure times may be
changed in conjunction with changes in landing times. Notification of changes to slots allocated to
existing scheduled flights should be advised to ACA in accordance with the Compliance Adminis-
tration Manual.
Pilots of regular public transport (RPT) aircraft will be advised of the latest operating time through
their company. Pilots of other aircraft must contact Air Traffic Services (ATS) Sydney unit one
hour prior to operating – phone 1800 020626.
Flights operating Bankstown to Sydney with a slot already assigned must ring the Flow Director
on 02 9556 6515 one hour prior to the flight operating in lieu of the notification in the preceding
para.
Notification of flight details is additional to all existing notification requirements.
Unless instructed by ATC, pilots should maintain normal or specified climb, cruise and descent
profiles.
ALTERNATE WEATHER MINIMA

Jeppesen Airport Pages show the ceiling and visibility minima to be compared with the meteoro-
logical forecasts and report to determine both the need to provide for an alternate aerodrome and
the suitability of an aerodrome as an alternate.
AUSTRALIA
“Special” Alternate Minima

Special alternate weather minima are available for specified approaches at some aerodromes for
use by aircraft with dual ILS / VOR approach capability, i.e., with duplicated LOC, G/P, marker
and VOR receivers. The requirement for duplicated marker receivers may be satisfied by one
marker receiver and DME. (The assumption is that such aircraft will also have two ADF systems
when an NDB is used for the ILS.)
Special alternate weather minima will not be available (minima will revert to the standard alternate
minima) during periods when:
a. local METAR / SPECI or forecasting services are not available; or
b. an aerodrome control service is not provided.
The non-availability of MET and ATS services will be notified by NOTAM.
Where:
a. there is a protracted unserviceability (i.e., more than 7 days) of any one VHF approach aid;
or
b. facilities required for conduct of a VHF-based instrument approach and landing are unserv-
iceable or not available,
Airservices Australia will, if necessary, advise of the non-availability of, or any revision to, special
alternate minima by NOTAM.
When special alternate minima are charted, the column depicting the standard alternate minima is
titled “Other”.
FUEL REQUIREMENTS
Guidance concerning fuel to be carried is contained in Civil Aviation Advisory Publication (CAAP)
234-1. See details online http://www.casa.gov.au/download/CAAPs/ops/234_1.pdf (CASA web-
site).
Fuel requirements for aircraft operated under an Air Operator Certificate (AOC) are as approved
in the company Operations Manual.
Holding Fuel
Weather Holding Fuel
When weather conditions at the destination aerodrome are forecast to deteriorate temporarily or
intermittently below the following values:
a. Cloud – more than SCT below the alternate minimum; or
b. Visibility –
1. less than the alternate minimum; or
2. greater than the alternate minimum but the forecast is endorsed with a percentage
probability of fog, mist, dust or any other phenomenon restricting visibility below the
alternate minimum; or
AUSTRALIA
c. Wind – a crosswind or downwind component more than the maximum for the aircraft;
a provision for an alternate need not be made if sufficient fuel is carried to allow for:
a. 30 minutes holding for intermittent deterioration (INTER); or
b. 60 minutes holding for temporary deterioration (TEMPO).
When thunderstorms or their associated severe turbulence or their probability is forecast at the
destination, sufficient additional fuel must be carried to permit the aircraft to proceed to a suitable
alternate or to hold for:
a. 30 minutes when the forecast is endorsed INTER; or
b. 60 minutes when the forecast is endorsed TEMPO.
Traffic Holding Fuel Advisory
Standing advisories for traffic holding fuel for some major aerodromes are promulgated below. In
other cases, when traffic delays for a particular aerodrome are anticipated, ATC will advise the
required holding fuel by NOTAM. The pilot-in-command of an aircraft arriving at a destination
without the notified traffic holding fuel will not be accorded a priority approach unless the pilot
declares an emergency.
Brisbane
ANTICIPATED AIRBORNE TRAFFIC DELAYS for arriving aircraft due to terminal area traffic
density and/or expected single runway operations:
10 minutes – 2100–2300; 0130–0300; 0730–0900.
Flights direct to Brisbane from the Middle East and Continental North America are exempt from
these Airborne Traffic Delays.
Cairns
SAT – THU: 0030–0230 and 0630–0900 – 10 minutes
FRI: 0030–0230 and 0500–0900 – 10 minutes
Melbourne Intl
DAILY — All Traffic

2100–2300 15 minutes
2300–1400 10 minutes
Flights direct to Melbourne from Africa, Middle East and continental North America are exempt
from these holding fuel requirements.
Melbourne/Essendon
MON – THU: 0845–0945 – 10 minutes.
FRI: 0945–1045 – 10 minutes
AUSTRALIA
Perth — 15 MIN
MON – THU: 0100–0400

TUE – THU: 0900–1200
FRI: 0800–1030
Flights direct to Perth with flight times in excess of 8 hours are exempt from these holding fuel
requirements.
Sydney Intl
DAILY — All traffic

2000–1800 20 minutes
1800–2000 10 minutes
Sydney/Bankstown
IFR aircraft proceeding to Bankstown via Sydney Class C or Class G airspace during the period
2000–1300 daily may experience significant delays. Traffic holding advisory applicable to these
aircraft is 15 minutes.
Williamtown (Military)
All civil aircraft require 30 minutes holding fuel during Air Traffic Service hours.
TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS)

Aircraft fitted with a serviceable ACAS / TCAS, and with a crew trained in its use, are permitted to
operate that system while in Australian airspace. All turbine-powered commercial transport aero-
planes certified to carry more than 30 passengers, or which have a MTOW in excess of 15,000kg,
are required to carry and operate TCAS II equipment while in Australia airspace. Pilots are expec-
ted to respond to TCAS alerts as follows:
a. Traffic Advisory: In the case of a Traffic Advisory the pilot will attempt to establish visual
contact and change the flight path only if a collision risk is established visually.
b. Resolution Advisory: In the case of a Resolution Advisory the pilot will respond in accord-
ance with the collision avoidance maneuver prescribed by the TCAS system.
NOTE 1: In controlled airspace, the controlling agency must be advised immediately when a Res-
olution Advisory maneuver is initiated.
NOTE 2: Not all transponders used in Australian airspace are compatible with TCAS II, which
cannot detect aircraft fitted with the incompatible transponders.
The Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) requires that all TCAS Resolution Advisory
Alerts, which involve a breakdown in separation only, be treated as immediately notifiable occur-
rences.
AUSTRALIA
The ATSB reporting requirements apply to all TCAS equipped aircraft operating in Australian
Flight Information Regions. The requirements also apply to Australian registered aircraft operating
outside of Australian airspace.
TRAFFIC INFORMATION BROADCAST BY AIRCRAFT (TIBA)

TIBA procedures are intended to permit reports and relevant supplementary information of an
advisory nature to be transmitted by pilots for the information of pilots of other aircraft in the vicin-
ity. Australia procedures comply with ICAO Annex 11 to DOC 7300, also published in this Airway
Manual. Notable clarifications follow.
Frequency
Aircraft must maintain a listening watch on the appropriate TIBA frequency. Where VHF is used
for air-ground communications with ATS and an aircraft has two serviceable VHF sets, one must
be tuned to the appropriate ATS frequency and the other to the TIBA frequency. The appropriate
TIBA frequencies are:
a. at or above FL200, 128.95MHz;
b. below FL200:
1. In Class G airspace other than in oceanic areas, the Flight Information Area frequency;
2. otherwise 126.35MHz.
Collision Avoidance
If, on receipt of traffic information broadcast from another aircraft, a pilot decides that immediate
action is necessary to avoid an imminent collision risk to the aircraft, and this cannot be achieved
in accordance with the right of way provisions or TCAS resolution, the pilot should: unless an
alternative maneuver appears more appropriate, immediately descend 1000 ft if above FL410, or
500 ft if at or below FL410.
OPERATING REQUIREMENTS FOR ADS–B TRANSMITTERS

Pilots of aircraft fitted with a serviceable ADS–B transmitter which has been confirmed suitable to
receive ADS–B derived ATS surveillance services in Australia should activate the transmitter at all
times during flight. Aircraft equipped with ADS–B having an aircraft identification feature shall
transmit the aircraft identification as specified in the flight notification or, when no flight notification
has been filed, the aircraft registration.
To receive an Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) derived ATS surveillance
service in Australian airspace, aircraft operators must make application to Airservices Australia.
Only aircraft meeting the criteria for ADS-B operations in Australia as specified in CASA Civil Avi-
ation Orders (CAOs) shall be eligible to receive ADS-B derived services. ADS-B data from ineligi-
ble aircraft will not be displayed to ATC.
Operators of ADS-B equipped aircraft approved to receive ADS-B services in Australia should
insert “ADSB” as the first element following RMK/ in Field 18 of the flight notification form.
AUSTRALIA
MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE

The Mach Number Technique (MNT) may be used by ATC in the application of longitudinal sepa-
ration standards on routes within oceanic control areas (OCA) and Australian control areas (CTA).
Pilots of jet aircraft must include the planned true Mach Number in their flight plans.
Pilots are required to read back and maintain an assigned Mach Number. ATC approval must be
obtained before making any change. If an immediate temporary Mach Number change is essen-
tial (e.g., due to turbulence), ATC must be notified as soon as possible that such a change has
been made.
GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS)

GNSS is a worldwide satellite navigation service comprising of one or more satellite constella-
tions, including GPS, aircraft receivers and integrity monitoring, augmented as necessary to ach-
ieve specific navigational performance.
CASA has approved various operations using GNSS avionics that receive signals from the GPS
constellation. Approvals and conditions are specific to the operation, flight crew qualifications and
the systems on board the aircraft. Further guidance and legislative references may be found in
CAAP 179A-1.
GNSS must not be used as a reference for flight below Lowest Safe Altitude/Minimum Sector Alti-
tude (LSALT/MSA) except in specified IFR applications or as otherwise authorized by CASA.
In the event that GNSS performance degrades to where an alert is raised, or there is other cause
to doubt the integrity of GNSS information, the pilot-in-command must discontinue its use and
carry out appropriate NAVAID failure procedures.
LATERAL OFFSETS IN OCEANIC CONTROL AREAS (OCA)

Aircraft operating in OCA in the Australian FIRs are authorized to use lateral offsets in accord-
ance with the requirements detailed below.
a. The offset shall only be applied by aircraft with automatic offset tracking capability.
b. When an offset is applied, the offset must be established at a distance of 1 NM or 2 NM to
the RIGHT of track relative to the direction of flight.
c. The offset must only be applied during the enroute phase of flight.
d. The offset must not be used in addition to diversions or other offsets; eg, weather or wake
turbulence.
e. The offset must not be applied at levels where obstacle clearance would be affected.
f. Identified aircraft:
1. may continue an offset; and
2. must advise ATC prior to initiating or changing an offset.
The decision to apply a lateral offset is the responsibility of the pilot-in-command. Other than
when an identified aircraft initiates or changes a lateral offset, pilots are not required to notify ATC
that a lateral offset is being applied.
AUSTRALIA
ON-REQUEST SERVICE — ATC AND FLIGHTWATCH

An On-Request FIS is available from;
a. Flightwatch, in the first instance, where established; or
b. ATC VHF.
ATC may advise pilots to access information on the Flightwatch frequency if workload considera-
tions or frequency congestion dictates. FLIGHTWATCH is the generic radio call-sign of the On-
Request Service to respond to in-flight requests for operational information from pilots operating
in all classes of airspace.
DIFFERENCES FROM ICAO STANDARDS AND PROCEDURES

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
Advisory route — Australian legislation does not provide for Advisory Routes.
Airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS) — ACAS means an airborne collision avoidance
system for an aircraft that, when fitted to it, is used to provide information to a pilot of the aircraft
for avoiding a collision with another aircraft.
Take-off alternate — Australian legislation addresses the expression differently. If a return to the
departure aerodrome is not possible, that the aircraft performance and fuel availability is adequate
to enable the aircraft to proceed to a suitable aerodrome.
Enroute alternate — Enroute alternate expression not used in Australian legislation.
ETOPS enroute alternate — Australian legislation refers to an adequate aerodrome instead of
ETOPS enroute alternate.
Destination alternate — Australian legislation expression is alternate aerodrome instead of des-
tination alternate.
Controlled flight — Definition of controlled flight not used in Australia. Flights in controlled air-
space require air traffic control clearance but such flights are then referred to as operations in
controlled airspace.
Filed flight plan — Australian legislation refers to flight plan which means specified information,
provided to air traffic control, relative to the intended flight of an aircraft.
Flight information region — Australian legislation defines flight information region as: an air-
space of defined dimensions within which flight information service and SAR alerting service are
provided.
Pressure-altitude — Pressure altitude not specifically defined in Australian legislation.
Taxiing — Taxiing not specifically defined in Australian legislation but forms part of the definition
of Taxiway.
AUSTRALIA
Taxiway: A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and intended
to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another.
Terminal control area — Australian legislation does not specifically define Terminal Control
Area, but defines Control Area.
Chapter 3
General Rules
3.2.3.3–3.2.3.4 Australia does not legislate for display of lights outside the period specified in
3.2.3.1.
3.6.2.1.2 Australian legislation does not define changeover points.
3.6.2.2 Australian legislation does not specifically address variation in true airspeed.
3.6.4 Australian legislation has no requirement to advise ATC when a controlled flight ceases to
be subject to ATC.
3.6.5.2.2 The requirement to maintain heading and altitude for 20 minutes is not documented in
the radio failure procedures. No requirement to maintain altitude for 7 min.
Chapter 5
Instrument Flight Rules
5.1.2 Australian legislation does not apply the 2000 foot limit.
5.1.3.2 Australian legislation specifies that the decision to cancel IFR is left to the discretion of
the pilot-in-command. Some category of operations are required to maintain operations under
IFR.
5.2.1 Australian legislation does not differentiate between the requirements for IFR aircraft
inside or outside controlled airspace.
PANS-ATM (Doc 4444)

Standard instrument arrival (STAR) — Under certain conditions and specific published proce-
dures a standard instrument arrival may terminate with a visual procedure.
4.5.6.1.3 Cruise climb procedures are not permitted.
4.9.1.1 Wake Turbulence separation is not applied when a LIGHT aircraft will cross the track or
follow the track of a MEDIUM fixed-wing aircraft of less than 25000kg maximum certified take-off
mass.
4.11.5 Australian FIRs operate ADS-C to FANS 1A standards.
5.2.1 Responsibility for separation shall only be assigned to a pilot as follows:
a. for arriving aircraft above FL125, by instructing the pilot of one aircraft to follow on the same
track, behind another aircraft, provided the pilot has reported sighting the other aircraft, and
at least one of the aircraft is on descent; or
AUSTRALIA
b. when the aircraft to be separated are operating at or below FL125 and will continue to do so
during the application of this standard, the pilot of one aircraft reports sighting the other air-
craft and is instructed to maintain visual separation with or to follow that aircraft.
5.3.4.1 An aircraft may only be assigned a level vacated by another aircraft if a rate of climb or
descent is specified so as to ensure that the applicable vertical separation minimum is main-
tained.
5.4.2.6.2 Use of off-track DME stations is permitted under specified conditions.
5.6 IAS is used in lieu of TAS.
7.11 Lower runway separation minima apply at all times.
Air Traffic Control

Pacific
STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - PACIFIC 1027
NP
NORTH PACIFIC (NOPAC) ROUTE PROCEDURES

a. NOPAC System
The NOPAC Route System is comprised of five Air Traffic Service (ATS) routes which transit
the North Pacific between Alaska and Japan. The two northern routes are used for west-
bound traffic. The three southern routes are used for eastbound traffic, except that R-591 or
G-344 may be used for westbound aircraft crossing the Fukuoka/Anchorage FIR between
0000UTC and 0600UTC. The routes are as follows: R-220, R-580, A-590, R-591 and G-344.
b. Transition Routes
1. Within the Fukuoka FIR, Oceanic Transition Routes (OTRs) and, in one case, a Victor
route, have been established for aircraft transitioning to or from the NOPAC Route
System.
2. Within the Anchorage FIR, certain ATS routes are used for the same purpose. They are
as follows: B-327 (For Westbound use only between BAMOK and SELDM), R-341,
G-469, A-342, G-215, R-330, R-451, R-336, R-338, G-583 and G-349.
c. Separation Standards
1. The primary form of lateral separation within the NOPAC Route System is 25 NM lateral
either side of the centerline, based on Required Navigation Performance 10 (RNP-10)
and 1000' vertical separation (FL290 - FL410) based on Reduced Vertical Separation
Minimums (RVSM).
2. Lateral separation for Non-RNP10 aircraft and aircraft operating below FL180 is 50 NM
lateral either side of the centerline. Standard longitudinal separation within the Anchor-
age Oceanic FIR is 15 minutes “in trail”.
d. Flight Plans
1. Aircraft shall enter “R” in item 10 of the ICAO flight plan if the aircraft and operator have
been approved for RNP 10 operations for the route of flight.
2. Aircraft shall enter “W” in item 10 of the ICAO flight plan if the aircraft and operator have
been approved for RVSM.
3. Aircraft not approved for RNP10 and/or RVSM shall not enter “R” and/or “W” in item 10.
4. Aircraft approved for both RNP10 and RVSM may flight plan any of the NOPAC routes
with the following altitude restrictions:
(a) R-220: Even Altitudes FL180 to FL400, also FL330, FL350, FL370, FL390, FL410
(b) R-580: Even Altitudes FL180 to FL400, also FL350, FL370, FL390, FL430
(c) A-590: Odd Altitudes FL190 to FL410, also FL300, FL320, FL340
(d) R-591: Eastbound, Odd Altitudes FL190 to FL410, also FL300, FL320, FL340
(e) R-591: Westbound, Even Altitudes FL300 to FL400, also FL350, FL370, FL390,
FL430
NP
(f) G-344: Eastbound, Odd Altitudes FL190 to FL410, also FL300, FL320, FL340
(g) G-344: Westbound, Even Altitudes FL300 to FL400, also FL350, FL370, FL390,
FL430
(h) R-591 and G-344 are Eastbound routes unless designated as Westbound
PACOTS. Traffic flows are either Eastbound or Westbound with the tracks being
emptied of traffic before changing direction.
5. Non-RNP-10 aircraft shall flight plan as follows:
(a) Westbound: R-220 at all times.
(b) Eastbound: A-590 at all times.
(c) Eastbound: G-344 when available for eastbound flights.
(d) The altitudes available on these routes are at or below FL280 and at or above
FL430.
e. Procedures
1. Peak traffic periods are:
(a) Eastbound - 0700UTC to 2100UTC
(b) Westbound - 1200UTC to 1900UTC and 2200UTC to 0800UTC
(c) Due to traffic volume, flights desiring to operate contrary to the predominant traffic
flow can expect to be rerouted or assigned less than optimum flight levels. If feasi-
ble, users planning to operate in the NOPAC Route System at airspeeds below
MACH 0.78 should use other than the peak hours for their flights. This will reduce
congestion and expedite traffic.
f. NOPAC Reroutes
Aircraft cannot always be accommodated on their flight planned NOPAC route. In an effort to
reduce coordination time and errors between ATC and flight crews, JCAB (Fukuoka ATMC)
and FAA (Anchorage ARTCC) have agreed on a common procedure to accommodate most
reroutes. Aircraft rerouted from one NOPAC ATC route to another NOPAC ATC route will be
given short range clearances into the adjoining FIR's RADAR coverage airspace. The receiv-
ing ATC facility will then issue further routing to the aircraft prior to the aircraft reaching the
clearance limit.
1. Example 1: aircraft ABC101 is routed via R-220 to RJTT but can not be accommodated
on R-220. The aircraft may be re-cleared as follows: “ABC101 cleared to OATIS via
R-580, expect further clearance from ATMC after OMOTO.”
2. Example 2: aircraft ABC102 is routed via A-590 to PAFA but can not be accommodated
on A-590. The aircraft may be re-cleared as follows: “ABC102 cleared to SYA via
R-591, expect further routing from Anchorage ARTCC after AKISU.”
NP
SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOR IN-FLIGHT CONTINGENCIES IN

OCEANIC AIRSPACE ICAO DOC 4444, SECTION 15.2
INTRODUCTION
a. Although all possible contingencies cannot be covered, these procedures provide for the
more frequent cases such as:
1. Inability to comply with assigned clearance due to meteorological conditions, aircraft
performance or pressurization failure;
2. En route diversion across the prevailing traffic flow; and
3. Loss of, or significant reduction in, the required navigation capability when operating in
an airspace where the navigation performance accuracy is a prerequisite to the safe
conduct of flight operations.
b. These procedures are applicable primarily when descent and/or turn-back or diversion is
required. The pilot shall take actions as necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft and the
pilot's judgement shall determine the sequence of actions to be taken, having regard to the
prevailing circumstances. Air traffic control shall render all possible assistance.
GENERAL PROCEDURES
a. If an aircraft is unable to continue the flight in accordance with its ATC clearance, and/or an
aircraft is unable to maintain the navigation performance accuracy specified for the airspace,
a revised clearance shall be obtained, whenever possible, prior to initiating any action.
b. The radiotelephony distress signal (MAYDAY) or urgency signal (PAN PAN) preferably
spoken three times shall be used as appropriate. Subsequent ATC action with respect to that
aircraft shall be based on the intentions of the pilot and the overall air traffic situation.
c. If prior clearance cannot be obtained, until a revised clearance is received, the following
contingency procedures should be employed and the pilot shall advise ATC as soon as prac-
ticable, reminding them of the type of aircraft involved and the nature of the problem. In gen-
eral terms, the aircraft should be flown at a flight level and on an offset track where other
aircraft are least likely to be encountered. Specifically, the pilot shall:
1. Leave the assigned route or track by initially turning at least 45 degrees to the right or to
the left, in order to acquire a same or opposite direction track offset 15 NM (28km) from
the assigned track centerline. When possible, the direction of the turn should be deter-
mined by the position of the aircraft relative to any organized route or track system.
Other factors which may affect the directions of the turn are:
(a) The direction to an alternate airport;
(b) Terrain clearance;
(c) Any strategic lateral offset being flown;
(d) The flight levels allocated on adjacent routes or tracks.
2. Having initiated the turn:
NP
(a) If unable to maintain the assigned flight level, initially minimize the rate of descent
to the extent that is operationally feasible (pilots should take into account the pos-
sibility that aircraft below on the same track may be flying 1 or 2 NM strategic lat-
eral offset procedures (SLOP)) and select a final altitude which differs from those
normally used by 150m (500 ft) if at or below FL410, or by 300m (1000 ft) if above
FL410; or;
(b) If able to maintain the assigned flight level, once the aircraft has deviated 19km
(10 NM) from the assigned track centerline, climb or descend to select a flight level
which differs from those normally used by 150m (500 ft), if at or below FL410, or
by 300m (1000 ft) if above FL410;
3. Establish communications with and alert nearby aircraft by broadcasting, at suitable
intervals on 121.5 MHz (or, as backup, on the inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45
MHz) and where appropriate on the frequency in use: aircraft identification, flight level,
position (including ATS route designator or the track code, as appropriate) and inten-
tions;
4. Maintain a watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equip-
ped);
and
6. Keep the SSR transponder on at all times.
d. When leaving the assigned track:
1. If the intention is to acquire a same direction offset track, the pilot should consider limit-
ing the turn to a 45 degree heading change, in order not to overshoot the offset contin-
gency track; or
2. If the intention is to acquire and maintain an opposite direction offset track, then:
– Operational limitations on bank angles at cruising altitudes will normally result in
overshooting the track to be acquired. In such cases a continuous turn should be
extended beyond 180 degrees heading change, in order to re-intercept the offset
contingency track as soon as operationally feasible; and
– Furthermore, if executing such a turnback in a 56km (30 NM) lateral separation route
structure, extreme caution pertaining to opposite direction traffic on adjacent routes
must be exercised and any climb or descent, as specified in c.2.(b) above should be
completed preferably before approaching within 19km (10 NM) of any adjacent ATS
route.
EXTENDED RANGE OPERATIONS BY AIRCRAFT WITH TWO-TURBINE POWER-

UNITS (ETOPS)
a. If the contingency procedures are employed by a twin-engine aircraft as a result of an engine
shutdown or failure of an ETOPS critical system, the pilot should advise ATC as soon as
NP
practicable of the situation, reminding ATC of the type of aircraft involved, and request expe-
ditious handling.
Position Reports over Oakland Oceanic FIR/CTA Boundary
a. Aircraft entering the Oakland FIR/CTA are requested to forward boundary position reports
via ARINC or CPDLC as follows:
1. Boundary fixes that are compulsory reporting points.
2. Filed fixes when they coincide with the FIR boundary.
3. The boundary between the Manila, Ujung Pandang, Biak, Port Moresby and Nauru
FIR's and the Oakland FIR.
4. The Open Area Uncontrolled Airspace west of Mazatlan ACC and the Oakland FIR
along 120 west longitude.
5. Outbound from the Guam CERAP area at the 250 NM ARC from the UNZ VORTAC.
6. Outbound from the Kwajalein (Bucholz Tower) Area at the 180 NM ARC from the NDJ
TACAN.
7. Eastbound PACOTS Flights should report only those fixes detailed in the published
route.
8. When requested by ATC.
b. Aircraft leaving the lateral limits of the Oakland FIR and entering uncontrolled airspace shall
forward the time over the boundary outbound.
Oceanic Position Reporting Procedures
For non ADS equipped aircraft “any” waypoint filed in the route of flight (Item 15 of the ICAO flight
plan) must be reported as a position report whether the filed waypoint is compulsory or not. If a
non-compulsory waypoint is not filed in item 15, it does not need to be reported. Aircraft with an
active ADS connection should make one CPDLC position report over the FIR boundary and dis-
continue CPDLC waypoint reporting after the FIR report.
a. POSITION REPORTS:
1. When operating on a fixed or NOTAMed route, report and estimate the designated
reporting points using the specified names of such points or coordinates as specified in
the NOTAM.
2. When operating on a random route:
(a) Flights whose tracks are predominantly east and west shall report over each 5° or
10° (10° will be used if the speed of the aircraft is such that 10° will be traversed
within 1 plus 20 or less) meridian longitude extending east and west from 180°.
(b) Flights whose tracks are predominantly north and south shall report over each 5°
or 10° (10° if traversed within 1 plus 20) parallel of latitude extending north and
south of the equator.
NP
3. ATC may require specific flights to report more frequently than each 5^ for aircraft with
slow ground speeds.
4. Position reports shall be transmitted at the time of crossing the designated reporting
point or as soon thereafter as possible.
b. POSITION REPORT CONTENTS:
Position reports shall comprise information on present position, estimated next position and
ensuing position in sequence as indicated below. Forward planned flight level change infor-
mation while in the Oakland FIR.
1. Present position- Information shall include:
(a) The word “position”.
(b) Aircraft identification.
(c) Reporting point name, or if not named: (1) Latitude (2 digits or more) and, (2) Lon-
gitude (3 digits or more).
(d) Time over reporting point (4 digits UTC).
(e) Altitude (flight level). When forwarding an altitude report within the Oakland FIR,
pilots should report their present altitude and their assigned altitude exactly as
cleared if the present and assigned altitudes differ. A restriction to cross a point at
an altitude is not a block altitude assignment and should not be reported as a block
of altitudes.
2. Estimated next position:
(a) Reporting point name, or if not named, latitude and longitude as in 1.(c)(1) and (2)
above and,
(b) Estimated time over next position (4 digits UTC).
3. Ensuing Fix
(a) Name only of the next succeeding fix whether compulsory or not, or if not named,
latitude and longitude as in 1.(c)(1) and (2) above.
4. Preplanning Flight Levels- Within the Oakland FIR, pilots should forward the time
requesting the next subsequent cardinal flight level.
c. WEATHER REPORTS:
Weather reports shall be included as provided in Section 3 of Standard AIREP Form by all
flights unless exempted from weather reporting by Weather Service and/or ATC.
d. EXCEPTIONS TO POSITION REPORTS:
1. Within Oakland FIR no 5° report need be made that would fall within 100 NM of Guam.
Aircraft cleared via terminal area routes report compulsory reporting fixes. Other aircraft
report 100 NM from Nimitz VORTAC. Where other island destinations within the Oak-
NP
land FIR are not more than 1° latitude-longitude from a 5° fixed line reporting point, the
ETA and arrival report may be substituted in lieu of the adjacent fixed line report.
2. To the east of the Hawaiian Islands it will not be necessary to report the 155° West
position if position will be reported at the entry/exit fixes at the Honolulu Domestic/
Oceanic boundary. To the west of Honolulu 160° West need not be reported.
WEATHER DEVIATION PROCEDURES FOR OCEANIC-CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

When deemed necessary to deviate from the ATC assigned track for weather, the pilot must
request an ATC clearance to do so. Expedited response may be obtained by stating “WEATHER
DEVIATION REQUIRED” or using the “PAN PAN PAN” urgency call. ATC will give a request for
weather deviation priority over routine requests.
ATC Communications Established
If traffic permits, ATC will issue clearance to deviate from track. To issue a weather deviation
clearance, ATC may require an altitude change to establish vertical separation. If unable to issue
a clearance for weather deviation, ATC will:
a. Advise the pilot - Unable to issue clearance for requested deviation.
b. Advise pilot of conflicting traffic.
c. Request Pilot's intentions.
PHRASEOLOGY: “Unable (requested deviation), traffic is (call sign, position, altitude, direction),
advise intentions”.
The pilot will take the following action:
a. Advise ATC of intentions by the most expeditious means available.
b. Comply with air traffic control clearance issued or
c. Execute the procedures detailed in Jeppesen Air Traffic Control pages (ATC will issue
essential traffic information to all affected aircraft).
d. If necessary, establish voice communications with ATC to expedite dialogue on the situation.
No ATC Communication or Revised Clearance Unavailable
In the event ATC communications cannot be established or a revised ATC clearance or sugges-
ted action cannot be obtained, pilots are to follow the procedures outlined on Jeppesen Air Traffic
Control pages and published in the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) and the Chart Supple-
ment to:
a. If possible, deviate away from an organized track or route system, while alerting traffic in the
area and maintaining a watch for other aircraft.
b. If deviating less than 10 NM remain at the assigned altitude. If deviating more than 10 NM
climb or descend 300 feet (depending on direction of flight and course deviation) in accord-
ance with the published climb/descent chart.
NP
c. Continue attempts to contact ATC. When contact is established, keep ATC advised and
obtain essential traffic information.
PACIFIC
REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMUMS (RVSM) PACIFIC REGION
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Third Asia / Pacific Regional Air Navigation
meeting recommended that Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) be introduced in the
Pacific region after successful implementation in the North Atlantic region. This is also due to the
significant benefits to be gained by aircraft operators and air traffic services (ATS) providers.
ICAO Document 9574, Manual on Implementation of a 300m [1000 ft] Vertical Separation Mini-
mum Between FL290 and FL410 Inclusive contains an explanation of RVSM.
1.1.1 Benefits to be gained from RVSM include:
a. adoption of an ICAO endorsed navigation requirement;
b. improved utilization of airspace for ATC conflict resolution; and
c. fuel savings of ≈1% for flight closer to optimum cruise altitude.
1.2 APPLICATION OF RVSM AIRSPACE

1.2.1 RVSM airspace has been implemented throughout the region. See Pacific Enroute Charts.
1.3 AIRWORTHINESS AND OPERATIONAL APPROVAL AND MONITORING

1.3.1 In order to support the implementation of Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM)
in the Pacific Region, the Asia/Pacific Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional
Group (APANPIRG) established a regional monitoring agency. This agency, the Pacific Approvals
Registry and Monitoring Organization (PARMO), is located at the United States Federal Aviation
Administration's William J. Hughes Technical Center. Access the web site through:
http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/enroute/rvsm/
1.3.2 APPROVAL PROCESS. Operators must obtain airworthiness and operational approval
from the State of Registry or State of the Operator, as appropriate, to conduct RVSM operations.
1.3.3 AIRCRAFT MONITORING. Operators are required to participate in the RVSM aircraft
monitoring program. Monitoring accomplished for other regions can be used to fulfill requirements
for the Asia/Pacific region. The PARMO will process results or coordinate with other agencies to
access information. See:
http://www.tc.faa.gov/acb300/PARMO/
1.4 ACAS II AND TRANSPONDER EQUIPAGE

1.4.1 The APANPIRG recommends that those aircraft equipped with Airborne Collision Avoid-
ance System (ACAS) and operated in RVSM airspace be equipped with ACAS II. (TCAS II sys-
tems with version 7.0 incorporated meet ICAO ACAS II standards.)
1.4.2 International General Aviation (IGA) Transponder Equipage
ICAO Annex 6, Part II, states that, IGA airplanes shall be equipped with a pressure altitude report-
ing transponder which operates in accordance with the relevant provisions of Annex 10, Volume
IV.
PACIFIC
NOTE: These provisions are intended to support the effectiveness of ACAS as well as to improve
the effectiveness of air traffic services.
2 IN-FLIGHT PROCEDURES WITHIN RVSM AIRSPACE

2.1 GENERAL
Before entering RVSM airspace, the pilot should review the status of required equipment. The fol-
lowing equipment should be operating normally:
a. two primary altimetry systems:
b. one automatic altitude-keeping device; and
c. one altitude-alerting device.
2.1.1 The pilot must notify ATC whenever the aircraft:
a. is no longer RVSM compliant due to equipment failure; or
b. experiences loss of redundancy of altimetry systems; or
c. encounters turbulence that affects the capability to maintain flight level.
2.2 TRANSITION BETWEEN FLIGHT LEVELS

During cleared transition between levels, the aircraft should not overshoot or undershoot the
assigned FL by more than 150 ft (45m).
2.3 PILOT LEVEL CALL

Except in an ADS or radar environment, pilots shall report reaching any altitude assigned within
RVSM airspace.
3 FLIGHT PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

3.1 GENERAL
Unless special arrangement is made as detailed below, RVSM approval is required for aircraft to
operate within designated RVSM airspace. The operator must determine that the appropriate
State authority has approved the aircraft and will meet the RVSM requirements for the filed route
of flight and any planned alternate routes. The letter “W” shall be inserted in item 10 (Equipment)
on the ICAO standard flight plan to indicate that the aircraft is an RVSM approved aircraft.
3.2 PROCEDURES FOR OPERATION OF NON-RVSM COMPLIANT

AIRCRAFT IN RVSM AIRSPACE
3.2.1 It should be noted that RVSM approved aircraft will be given priority for level allocation
over non-RVSM approved aircraft.
3.2.2 The vertical separation minimum between non-RVSM aircraft operating in the RVSM stra-
tum and all other aircraft is 2000 feet.
3.2.3 Non-RVSM compliant aircraft operating in RVSM airspace should use the phraseology in
section 6.
PACIFIC
3.2.4 Non-RVSM compliant aircraft may be cleared to climb to and operate above FL410 or
descend to and operate below FL290 provided that they:
a. do not climb or descend at less than the normal rate for the aircraft, and
b. do not level off at an intermediate level while passing through the RVSM stratum.
3.2.5 Non-RVSM compliant aircraft may not flight plan between FL290 and FL410 inclusive
within RVSM airspace. After special coordination as detailed in paragraph 3.2.6 below, the follow-
ing non-RVSM aircraft may flight plan at RVSM flight levels in the RVSM stratum:
a. is being initially delivered to the State of Registry or Operator; or
b. was formally RVSM approved but has experienced an equipment failure and is being flown
to a maintenance facility for repair in order to meet RVSM requirements and/or obtain appro-
val; or
c. is transporting a spare engine mounted under the wing; or
d. is being utilized for mercy or humanitarian purposes; or
e. State aircraft (those aircraft used in military, customs and police services shall be deemed
state aircraft).
3.2.6 Aircraft operators requesting approval as above shall:
a. obtain approval from the appropriate Air Traffic Control Center normally not more than 72
hours (12 hours within the Oakland and Anchorage FIRs) and not less than 4 hours prior to
the intended departure time. The Air Traffic Control Center will provide notification of appro-
val via telephone, AFTN, facsimile or e-mail as appropriate; or
b. obtain approval from the first RVSM affected Center.
NOTE: The first Center will coordinate with the next Center.
c. include “APVD NON-RVSM” in Field 18 of the ICAO Flight Plan.
NOTE: Approval means able to operate in the RVSM stratum. Aircraft cruising levels will be sub-
ject to Air Traffic Control.
3.2.7 This approval process is intended exclusively for the purposes indicated above and not as
a means to circumvent the normal RVSM approval process.
3.3 STATE AIRCRAFT

3.3.1 Non-RVSM State aircraft may flight plan within Oakland, Anchorage, and Fukuoka air-
space without prior coordination. State aircraft should include in field 18 of the ICAO Flight Plan
(remarks): “STS/Military NON-RVSM” should be added to the remarks section of the flight plan.
3.4 DELIVERY FLIGHTS FOR AIRCRAFT THAT ARE RVSM COMPLIANT

ON DELIVERY
3.4.1 An aircraft that is RVSM compliant on delivery may operate in RVSM airspace provided
that the crew is trained on RVSM policies and procedures applicable in the airspace and the
responsible State issues the operator a letter of authorization approving the operation. State noti-
PACIFIC
fication to the PARMO should be in the form of a letter, e-mail or facsimile documenting the one-
time flight. The planned date of the flight, flight identification, registration number and aircraft type/
series should be included.
3.5 PROCEDURES FOR SUSPENSION OF RVSM

3.5.1 Air traffic services will consider suspending RVSM procedures within the affected FIR
when there are pilot reports of greater than moderate turbulence. Within areas where RVSM pro-
cedures are suspended, the vertical separation minimum between all aircraft will be 2000 feet.
4 PHRASEOLOGY RELATED TO RVSM OPERATIONS

4.1 CONTROLLER-PILOT PHRASEOLOGY
Message Phraseology
For a controller to ascertain the RVSM approval status of (call sign) CONFIRM RVSM AP-
an aircraft: PROVED
For a pilot to report non-RVSM approval status NEGATIVE RVSM*
i. on the initial call on any frequency within the RVSM
airspace (controllers shall provide a readback with this
same phrase), and
ii. in all requests for flight level changes pertaining to
flight levels within the RVSM airspace; and
iii. in all read-backs to flight level clearances pertaining to
flight levels within the RVSM airspace.
Additionally, except for State aircraft, pilots shall include
this phrase to read back flight level clearances involving
the vertical transit through FL290 or FL410.
See examples that follow.
For a pilot to report RVSM approval status. AFFIRM RVSM*
For a pilot of a non-RVSM approved State aircraft to report NEGATIVE RVSM STATE AIR-
non-RVSM approval status, in response to the phrase (call CRAFT*
sign) CONFIRM RVSM APPROVED.
Denial of clearance into the RVSM airspace: (call sign) UNABLE CLEARANCE
INTO RVSM AIRSPACE, MAIN-
TAIN [or DESCEND TO, or CLIMB
TO] FLIGHT LEVEL (number)
For a pilot to report when severe turbulence affects the air- UNABLE RVSM DUE TURBU-
craft’s capability to maintain the height-keeping require- LENCE*
ments for RVSM.
PACIFIC
Message Phraseology
For a pilot to report that the aircraft’s equipment has degra- UNABLE RVSM DUE EQUIP-
ded enroute below that required for flight within the RVSM MENT*
airspace.
(This phrase is to be used to convey both the initial indica-
tion of the non-MASPS compliance and, henceforth, on ini-
tial contact on all frequencies within the lateral limits of the
RVSM airspace until such time as the problem ceases to
exist, or the aircraft has exited the RVSM airspace.)
For a pilot to report the ability to resume operations within READY TO RESUME RVSM*
the RVSM airspace after an equipment or weather-related
contingency.
For a controller to confirm that an aircraft has regained its REPORT ABLE TO RESUME
RVSM approval status, or to confirm that the pilot is ready RVSM
to resume RVSM operations.
Example 1: A non-RVSM approved aircraft, maintaining FL260, subsequently requests a

climb to FL320.
Pilot: (call sign) REQUEST FL320, NEGATIVE RVSM
Controller: (call sign) CLIMB TO FL320
Pilot: (call sign) CLIMB TO FL320, NEGATIVE RVSM
climb to FL430.
climb to FL380.
Example 4: A non-RVSM approved civil aircraft maintaining FL280, subsequently requests a
climb to FL320.
Controller: (call sign) UNABLE CLEARANCE INTO RVSM AIRSPACE,
MAINTAIN FL280
PACIFIC
4.2 COORDINATION BETWEEN ATS UNITS
Para Message Phraseology

1 To verbally supplement an automated NEGATIVE RVSM or NEGATIVE RVSM
estimate message exchange which does STATE AIRCRAFT [as applicable]
not automatically transfer Item 18 flight
plan information.
2 To verbally supplement estimate mes- NEGATIVE RVSM or NEGATIVE RVSM
sages of non-RVSM approved aircraft. STATE AIRCRAFT [as applicable]
3 To communicate the cause of a contin- UNABLE RVSM DUE TURBULENCE [or
gency relating to an aircraft that is un- EQUIPMENT, as applicable]
able to conduct RVSM operations due to
severe turbulence or other severe
weather-related phenomenon {or equip-
ment failure, as applicable].
5 SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOR IN-FLIGHT CONTINGENCIES

The procedures detailed below, extracted from ICAO DOC 4444, have been adopted in the fol-
lowing Flight Information Regions:
– Australian Oceanic FIRs
– Anchorage Oceanic FIR
– Auckland Oceanic FIR / South Pacific Area
– Fukuoka FIR
– Kota Kinabalu / Kuala Lumpur FIRs
– Nadi FIR
– Oakland Oceanic FIR
– Singapore FIR
In addition, the following FIRS have adopted similar procedures, except that the lateral track sep-
aration for in-flight contingencies in oceanic airspace is 25 NM as adopted under earlier ICAO
DOC 4444 guidance. Since these countries may adopt the current ICAO guidance at any time,
operators should determine with applicable FIR controlling agencies the current lateral track sepa-
ration required.
– Bangkok FIR
– Ho Chi Minh FIR / Hanoi FIR
– Hong Kong FIR
– Manila FIR
PACIFIC
– Pnomh Penh FIR

– Taipei FIR
– Tahiti FIR
Although all possible contingencies cannot be covered, the procedures in 5.1 and 5.2 provide for
the more frequent cases such as:
a. inability to maintain assigned flight level due to meteorological conditions, aircraft perform-
ance or pressurization failure;
b. enroute diversion across the prevailing traffic flow; and
c. loss of, or significant reduction in, the required navigation capability when operating in an air-
space where the navigation performance accuracy is a prerequisite to the safe conduct of
flight operations.
With regard to a) and b), the procedures are applicable primarily when rapid descent and/or turn-
back or diversion is required. The pilot's judgement shall determine the sequence of actions to be
taken, having regard to the prevailing circumstances. Air traffic control shall render all possible
assistance.
5.1 GENERAL PROCEDURES

If an aircraft is unable to continue the flight in accordance with its ATC clearance, and/or an air-
craft is unable to maintain the navigation performance accuracy specified for the airspace, a
revised clearance shall be obtained, whenever possible, prior to initiating any action.
The radiotelephony distress signal (MAYDAY) or urgency signal (PAN PAN) preferably spoken
three times shall be used as appropriate. Subsequent ATC action with respect to that aircraft shall
be based on the intentions of the pilot and the overall air traffic situation.
If prior clearance cannot be obtained, until a revised clearance is received the following contin-
gency procedures should be employed and the pilot shall advise air traffic control as soon as
practicable, reminding them of the type of aircraft involved and the nature of the problem. In gen-
eral terms, the aircraft should be flown at a flight level and on an offset track where other aircraft
are least likely to be encountered. Specifically, the pilot shall:
a. leave the assigned route or track by initially turning at least 45 degrees to the right or to the
left, in order to acquire a same or opposite direction track offset 15 NM (28km) from the
assigned track centerline. When possible, the direction of the turn should be determined by
the position of the aircraft relative to any organized route or track system. Other factors
which may affect the direction of the turn are:
1. the direction to an alternate airport;
2. terrain clearance;
3. any strategic lateral offset being flown; and
4. the flight levels allocated on adjacent routes or tracks;
b. having initiated the turn:
PACIFIC
1. if unable to maintain the assigned flight level, initially minimize the rate of descent to the
extent that is operationally feasible (pilots should take into account the possibility that
aircraft below on the same track may be flying a 1 or 2 NM strategic lateral offset proce-
dure (SLOP)) and select a final altitude which differs from those normally used by 150m
(500 ft) if at or below FL 410, or by 300m (1000 ft) if above FL 410;
or
2. if able to maintain the assigned flight level, once the aircraft has deviated 19km (10 NM)
from the assigned track centerline, climb or descend to select a flight level which differs
from those normally used by 150m (500 ft), if at or below FL 410, or by 300m (1000 ft) if
above FL 410;
c. establish communications with and alert nearby aircraft by broadcasting, at suitable intervals
on 121.5 MHz (or, as a backup, on the inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz) and where
appropriate on the frequency in use: aircraft identification, flight level, position (including the
ATS route designator or the track code, as appropriate) and intentions;
d. maintain a watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equipped);
e. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations); and
f. keep the SSR transponder on at all times.
Extended Range Operations By Aeroplanes With Two-Turbine Power-Units (ETOPS)
If the contingency procedures are employed by a twin-engine aircraft as a result of an engine
shutdown or failure of an ETOPS critical system, the pilot should advise ATC as soon as practica-
ble of the situation, reminding ATC of the type of aircraft involved, and request expeditious han-
dling.
5.2 WEATHER DEVIATION PROCEDURES

General
NOTE: The following procedures are intended for deviations around adverse meteorological con-
ditions.
When the pilot initiates communications with ATC, a rapid response may be obtained by stating
“WEATHER DEVIATION REQUIRED” to indicate that priority is desired on the frequency and for
ATC response. When necessary, the pilot should initiate the communications using the urgency
call “PAN PAN” (preferably spoken three times).
The pilot shall inform ATC when weather deviation is no longer required, or when a weather devi-
ation has been completed and the aircraft has returned to its cleared route.
Actions To Be Taken When Controller-pilot Communications Are Established
The pilot should notify ATC and request clearance to deviate from track, advising, when possible,
the extent of the deviation expected.
ATC should take one of the following actions:
PACIFIC
a. when appropriate separation can be applied, issue clearance to deviate from track; or
b. if there is conflicting traffic and ATC is unable to establish appropriate separation, ATC shall:
1. advise the pilot of inability to issue clearance for the requested deviation;
2. advise the pilot of conflicting traffic; and
3. request the pilot's intentions.
The pilot should take the following actions:
a. comply with the ATC clearance issued; or
b. advise ATC of intentions and execute the procedures detailed as follows:
Actions To Be Taken If A Revised ATC Clearance Cannot Be Obtained
NOTE: The provisions of this section apply to situations where a pilot needs to exercise the
authority of a pilot-in-command under the provisions of Annex 2, 2.3.1.
If the aircraft is required to deviate from track to avoid adverse meteorological conditions and prior
clearance cannot be obtained, an ATC clearance shall be obtained at the earliest possible time.
Until an ATC clearance is received, the pilot shall take the following actions:
a. if possible, deviate away from an organized track or route system;
b. establish communications with and alert nearby aircraft by broadcasting, at suitable intervals:
aircraft identification, flight level, position (including ATS route designator or the track code)
and intentions, on the frequency in use and on 121.5 MHz (or, as a back-up, on the inter-
pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz);
c. watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equipped);
NOTE: If, as a result of actions taken under the provisions of b) and c) above, the pilot deter-
mines that there is another aircraft at or near the same flight level with which a conflict may
occur, then the pilot is expected to adjust the path of the aircraft, as necessary, to avoid con-
flict.
d. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations);
e. for deviations of less than 19km (10 NM) remain at a level assigned by ATC;
f. for deviations greater than 19km (10 NM), when the aircraft is approximately 19km (10 NM)
from track, initiate a level change in accordance with Table 1;
Table 1
Route center line track Deviations > 19km (10 NM) Level Change
EAST LEFT DESCEND 90m (300 ft)
000° – 179° MAGNETIC RIGHT CLIMB 90m (300 ft)
WEST LEFT CLIMB 90m (300 ft)
180° – 359° MAGNETIC RIGHT DESCEND 90m (300 ft)
PACIFIC
g. when returning to track, be at its assigned flight level when the aircraft is within approxi-
mately 19km (10 NM) of the center line; and
h. if contact was not established prior to deviating, continue to attempt to contact ATC to obtain
a clearance. If contact was established, continue to keep ATC advised of intentions and
obtain essential traffic information.
5.3 PROCEDURES FOR STRATEGIC LATERAL OFFSETS IN OCEANIC

AND REMOTE CONTINENTAL AIRSPACE
NOTE 1: Annex 2, 3.6.2.1.1 requires authorization for the application of strategic lateral offsets
from the appropriate ATS authority responsible for the airspace concerned.
NOTE 2: The following incorporates lateral offset procedures for both the mitigation of the
increasing lateral overlap probability due to increased navigation accuracy, and wake turbulence
encounters.
NOTE 3: The use of highly accurate navigation systems (such as the global navigation satellite
system (GNSS)) by an increasing proportion of the aircraft population has had the effect of reduc-
ing the magnitude of lateral deviations from the route center line and, consequently, increasing
the probability of a collision, should a loss of vertical separation between aircraft on the same
route occur.
The following shall be taken into account by the appropriate. ATS authority when authorizing the
use of strategic lateral offsets in a particular airspace:
a. strategic lateral offsets shall only be authorized in enroute oceanic or remote continental air-
space. Where part of the airspace in question is within radar coverage, transiting aircraft
should normally be allowed to initiate or continue offset tracking;
b. strategic lateral offsets may be authorized for the following types of routes (including where
routes or route systems intersect):
1. uni-directional and bi-directional routes; and
2. parallel route systems where the spacing between route center lines is not less than
55.5km (30 NM);
c. in some instances it may be necessary to impose restrictions on the use of strategic lateral
offsets, e.g. where their application may be inappropriate for reasons related to obstacle
clearance;
d. strategic lateral offset procedures should be implemented on a regional basis after coordina-
tion between all States involved;
e. the routes or airspace where application of strategic lateral offsets is authorized, and the pro-
cedures to be followed by pilots, shall be promulgated in aeronautical information publica-
tions (AIPs); and
f. air traffic controllers shall be made aware of the airspace within which strategic lateral offsets
are authorized.
PACIFIC
The decision to apply a strategic lateral offset shall be the responsibility of the flight crew. The
flight crew shall only apply strategic lateral offsets in airspace where such offsets have been
authorized by the appropriate ATS authority and when the aircraft is equipped with automatic
offset tracking capability.
The strategic lateral offset shall be established at a distance of 1.85km (1 NM) or 3.7km (2 NM) to
the right of the center line relative to the direction of flight.
NOTE 1: Pilots may contact other aircraft on the inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45 MHz to
coordinate offsets.
NOTE 2: The strategic lateral offset procedure has been designed to include offsets to mitigate
the effects of wake turbulence of preceding aircraft. If wake turbulence needs to be avoided, one
of the three available options (center line, 1.85km (1 NM) or 3.7km (2 NM) right offset) may be
used.
NOTE 3: Pilots are not required to inform ATC that a strategic lateral offset is being applied.
6 GUIDANCE FOR PILOTS AND CONTROLLERS FOR ACTIONS

IN THE EVENT OF AIRCRAFT SYSTEM MALFUNCTION OR
TURBULENCE GREATER THAN MODERATE
6.1 CONTINGENCY SCENARIOS
The following paragraphs summarize pilot action to mitigate the potential for conflict with other air-
craft in certain contingency situations. They should be reviewed in conjunction with the expanded
contingency scenarios which contain additional technical and operational details.
Scenario 1: The pilot is: (a) unsure of the vertical position of the aircraft due to the loss or
degradation of all primary altimetry systems, or (b) unsure of the capability to maintain
cleared flight level (CFL) due to turbulence or loss of all automatic altitude control sys-
tems.
The Pilot should: ATC can be expected to:
Maintain CFL while evaluating the situation;
Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by
reference to ACAS, if equipped;
If considered necessary, alert nearby aircraft by
(a) making maximum use of exterior lights;
(b) broadcasting position, FL, and intentions on
121.5 MHz (as a backup, the VHF inter-pi-
lot air-to-air frequency, 123.45 MHz, may
be used).
Notify ATC of the situation and intended course Obtain the pilot’s intentions and pass essential
of action. Possible courses of action include: traffic information.
PACIFIC
Scenario 1: The pilot is: (a) unsure of the vertical position of the aircraft due to the loss or
degradation of all primary altimetry systems, or (b) unsure of the capability to maintain
cleared flight level (CFL) due to turbulence or loss of all automatic altitude control sys-
tems. (continued)
(a) maintaining the CFL and route provided (a) If the pilot intends to continue in RVSM
that ATC can provide lateral, longitudinal or airspace, access traffic situation to deter-
conventional vertical separation. mine if the aircraft can be accommodated
through the provision of lateral, longitudi-
nal, or conventional vertical separation;
and, if so, apply the appropriate mini-
mum.
(b) requesting ATC clearance to climb above (b) If the pilot requests clearance to exit
or descend below RVSM airspace if the air- RVSM airspace, accommodate expedi-
craft cannot maintain CFL and ATC cannot tiously, if possible.
establish adequate separation form other (c) If adequate separation cannot be estab-
aircraft. lished and it is not possible to comply
with the pilot’s request for clearance to
exit RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of
essential traffic information, notify other
aircraft in the vicinity and continue to
monitor the situation.
Notify adjoining ATC facilities/sectors of the
situation.
Scenario 2: There is a failure or loss of accuracy of one primary altimetry system (e.g.,
greater than 200 feet difference between primary altimeters).
The Pilot should:
Cross check standby altimeter, confirm the ac-
curacy of a primary altimeter system and notify
ATC of the loss of redundancy. If unable to
confirm primary altimeter system accuracy, fol-
low pilot actions listed in the preceding scenar-
io.
6.2 EXPANDED EQUIPMENT FAILURE AND TURBULENCE ENCOUNTER

SCENARIOS
Operators may consider this material for use in training programs.
PACIFIC
Scenario 1: All automatic altitude control systems fail (e.g., Automatic Altitude Hold)
Initially
Maintain CFL
Evaluate the aircraft’s capability to maintain alti-
tude through manual control.
Subsequently
reference to ACAS, if equipped.
(b) broadcasting position, FL, and intentions
on 121.5 MHz (as a backup, the VHF in-
ter-pilot air-to-air frequency, 123.45 MHz,
may be used).
Notify ATC of the situation and intended course
of action. Possible courses of action include:
(a) maintaining the CFL and route provided (a) If the pilot intends to continue in RVSM
that the aircraft can maintain level. airspace, access traffic situation to deter-
mine if the aircraft can be accommodated
and, if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
or descend below RVSM airspace if the RVSM airspace, accommodate expedi-
aircraft cannot maintain CFL and ATC tiously, if possible.
cannot establish lateral, longitudinal or (c) If adequate separation cannot be estab-
conventional vertical separation. lished and it is not possible to comply with
the pilot’s request for clearance to exit
RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of essen-
tial traffic information, notify other aircraft
in the vicinity and continue to monitor the
situation.
Notify adjoining ATC facilities/sectors of the sit-
uation.
PACIFIC
Scenario 2: Loss of redundancy in primary altimetry systems

If the remaining altimetry system is functioning Acknowledge the situation and continue to
normally, couple that system to the automatic monitor progress.
altitude control system, notify ATC of the loss of
redundancy and maintain vigilance of altitude
keeping.
Scenario 3: All primary altimetry systems are considered unreliable or fail

Maintain CFL by reference to the standby altim-
eter (if the aircraft is so equipped).
Alert nearby aircraft by:
may be used).
Consider declaring an emergency. Notify ATC Obtain pilot’s intentions, and pass essential
of the failure and intended course of action. traffic information.
Possible courses of action include:
(a) maintaining CFL and route provided that (a) If the pilot intends to continue in RVSM
ATC can provide lateral, longitudinal or airspace, assess traffic situation to deter-
conventional vertical separation. mine if the aircraft can be accommodated
and, if so, apply the appropriate minimum.
PACIFIC
Scenario 3: All primary altimetry systems are considered unreliable or fail (continued)
or descend below RVSM airspace if ATC RVSM airspace, accommodate expedi-
cannot establish adequate separation from tiously, if possible.
other aircraft.
(c) If adequate separation cannot be estab-
lished and it is not possible to comply with
the pilot’s request for clearance to exit
RVSM airspace, advise the pilot of essen-
tial traffic information, notify other aircraft
in the vicinity and continue to monitor the
situation.
uation.
Scenario 4: The primary altimeters diverge by more than 200 ft (60m)

The Pilot should:
Attempt to determine the defective system
through established trouble-shooting proce-
dures and/or comparing the primary altimeter
displace to the standby altimeter (as corrected
by the correction cards, if required).
If the defective system can be determined, cou-
ple the functioning altimeter system to the alti-
tude-keeping device.
If the defective system cannot be determined,
follow the guidance in Scenario 3 for failure or
unreliable altimeter indications of all primary
altimeters.
Scenario 5: Turbulence (greater than moderate) which the pilot believes will impact the air-
craft’s capability to maintain flight level
Subsequently
reference to ACAS, if equipped.
PACIFIC
Scenario 5: Turbulence (greater than moderate) which the pilot believes will impact the air-
craft’s capability to maintain flight level (continued)
may be used).
Notify ATC of the situation and intended course
of action. Possible courses of action include:
(a) maintaining CFL and route ATC can pro- (a) Assess traffic situation to determine if the
vide lateral, longitudinal or conventional aircraft can be accommodated through the
vertical separation. provision of lateral, longitudinal, or con-
ventional vertical separation; and, if so,
apply the appropriate minimum.
(b) requesting flight level change, if necessa- (b) If unable to provide adequate separation,
ry. advise the pilot of essential traffic informa-
tion and request pilot’s intentions.
(c) Notify other aircraft in the vicinity and
monitor the situation.
uation.
BRUNEI
GENERAL
The Air Traffic Rules and Procedures applicable to air traffic within the airspace of Brunei Darus-
salam conform to Annexes 2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, those por-
tions of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services
applicable to aircraft and the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the MID/ASIA
Region, except for the differences listed below.
Units of measurement used in all air and ground operations are as listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting, Nautical Miles and Tenths
etc., generally in excess of 2 to 3 nautical miles
Relatively short distances such as those relat- Meters
ing to aerodrome (e.g., runway lengths)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet (Meters)
Horizontal speed including wind speed Knots
Wind direction for landing and take-off Degrees Magnetic
Wind direction except for landing and take-off Degrees True
Weight Metric Tons or Kilograms
Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24 hrs beginning
at midnight UTC.
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The holding and approach to land procedures in use throughout the Kota Kinabalu FIR conform
substantially to those contained in ICAO Doc 8168–OPS/611. Where differences exist they will be
indicated on either the appropriate chart or in the Special Procedure section of the text.
Where procedures have not been prescribed, airline operators will submit holding and/or instru-
ment approach procedures to the Director of Civil Aviation. Operators must accept full responsibil-
ity for such procedures and for the accuracy of any charts on which they are portrayed.
BRUNEI

Brunei does not publish State Airport Operating Minimums. Brunei publishes Obstacle Clearance
Altitudes (Heights) [OCA(H)].

Airspace classification have been applied in conformity with ICAO Standards and Recommended
Practices, except that:
a. Two-way communication is required also for VFR operating in Class G airspace;
b. VFR flights shall not operate above FL150 in controlled airspace;
c. VFR flights shall not operate above FL250 in uncontrolled airspace.

A flight plan shall be submitted for:
a. Any IFR flight;
b. Any VFR flight;
– departing from or destined for an aerodrome within a control zone;
– crossing Brunei CTR;
– operated along the designated VFR routes in the Brunei TMA;
– across the FIR boundary, i.e. of international flight.
Except for repetitive flight plans, a flight plan shall be submitted at least 60 minutes prior to depar-
ture, taking into account the requirements of ATS units in the airspace along the route to be flown
for timely information, including requirements for early submission for Air Traffic Flow Manage-
ment (ATFM) purposes.
ALTIMETER
The altimeter setting procedures in use generally conform to those contained in ICAO Doc 8168
Vol. 1 Part 6. Transition altitudes are given on the instrument approach charts. No aircraft should
therefore flight plan to cruise at altitudes 11,500 ft, 12,000 ft and 12,500 ft when operating in the
Kota Kinabalu FIR.
A QFE altimeter setting will be made available on request but reports to ATC shall be made in
altitudes.

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
3.1.3 Vertical displacement is expressed in terms of flight levels at or above the transition level
and in terms of altitude when conducted at or below the transition level.
BRUNEI
3.3.1.1.2.1 Unless specified by airport control units in respect of local flying, flight plans shall be
submitted for all flights.
4.1 Plane of division of notified height 3,000 ft above MSL is specified as at or above 3,000 ft or
below 3,000 ft. No consideration is given to 1,000 ft above terrain.
4.3 All flights shall be conducted in accordance with IFR during the hours between sunset and
sunrise.
5.2.2 & 5.3.1 The cruising levels prescribed are applicable only within controlled airspace.
PAN-RAC, DOC 4444/501/12

Part II
12.2 Within the Kota Kinabalu FIR a common transition altitude fixed at 11,000 ft and for flight at
or below the transition altitude the altimeter reference will be Area QNH and vertical displacement
will be in terms of altitude.
12.2.2 Because of slight pressure changes a common transition level is fixed at FL130 in the
Kota Kinabalu FIR, except for area 10 NM centered on Mount Kinabalu where the lowest safe alti-
tude is 15,000 ft and the lowest safe level is FL170.
12.3.3 Being fixed, transition levels are not normally specified to aircraft in approach and landing
clearance.
DOC 7030/3 (MID/ASIA)

Part I
1.1.1 Flight plans shall be submitted for all flights, unless accepted by Aerodrome Control Units
in respect of local flying.
1.2.1.1 Flights in uncontrolled airspace may be conducted under VFR by day.
FIJI ISLANDS
GENERAL
In general, the rules of the air and the air traffic services are in conformity with ICAO Standards,
Recommended Practices and Procedures.
The units of measurement used for aeronautical purposes in the Fiji Islands are in accordance
with the International System of Units (SI) units adopted as a standard in ICAO Annex 5. Annex 5
also specified the non-SI units for permanent use and alternate units for temporary use. Those
alternate units applicable to the Fiji Islands are listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting Nautical Miles and Tenths
Altitudes and heights Feet
Speed including wind speed Knots
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures comply with ATC Chapter ICAO Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) Part IV Hold-
ing Procedures, Table “Holding Speeds ICAO DOC 8168 Volume I”.

Use of PANS-OPS
Instrument holding, approach, and departure procedures in the Fiji Islands are designed using cri-
teria contained in ICAO Document 8168–OPS/611 (PANS-OPS) VOL II.
Containment Within Controlled Airspace
Controlled airspace may not totally contain the navigational tolerances associated with holding,
approach, and departure procedures at controlled aerodromes.
Minimum altitudes specified on DME ARCs and holding procedures provide terrain and obstacle
clearance, but do not ensure flight is contained within controlled airspace.

The Fiji Is publishes Decision Altitude (Height) [DA/ (H)], Minimum Descent Altitude (Height)
[MDA/(H)] and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for take-off and alternate.

GENERAL
ATS airspace is classified in accordance with ICAO Annex 11 Appendix 4.
FIJI ISLANDS
Only classes A, D and G airspace are currently in use in the Fiji Islands.
SPEED
IFR: Maximum 250 KIAS below 10,000 ft AMSL.
VFR: Maximum 200 KIAS below FL200.
NADI FIR
The Nadi FIR is divided into two classes of airspace:
a. Class A (controlled airspace); and
b. Class G (uncontrolled airspace).
The Nadi FIR is designated RNP from FL280 to FL600 and RVSM airspace from FL290 to FL410.

RNP AND RSVM PROCEDURES
In accordance with the ICAO Asia/Pacific Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional
Group's (APANPIRG) CNS/ATM implementation plan as well as Regional Supplementary Proce-
dures (Doc7030), Fiji implemented the 30 NM lateral and 30 NM longitudinal separation minima
(“30/30”) in the Nadi FIR Oceanic Airspace.
RNP approval is provided by the State of Registry or State of the Operator, as appropriate.
To be eligible for the application of RNP separation, aircraft must be:
a. RNP4 operationally approved; and
b. equipped with FANS-1/A; and
c. the crew trained in the use of ADS Contract (ADS-C) and CPDLC.
RNP compliance is indicated by inclusion of the letter “R” in field 10 (Equipment) of the ICAO
flight plan when any portion of the flight planned route passes through an active RNP designated
airspace.
Operators wishing to access 30/30 separation minima must annotate:
a. “J”, “R”, and “Z” in Item 10, Equipment; and
b. “D” in Item 10, Surveillance Equipment; and
c. “NAV/RNP4” in Item 18.
Minimum lateral/longitudinal separation between RNP10 aircraft is 50 NM and RNP4 aircraft is 30
NM as permitted by ICAO Regional Supplementary Procedures (Doc 7030). In all other cases,
100 NM lateral or time-based longitudinal separation will be applied.
RVSM approval is required for aircraft to operate within RVSM airspace; however, non-RVSM air-
craft (including VFR) may request entry in-flight on an ad hoc basis. The operator must determine
that the appropriate State Authority has approved the aircraft and that it will meet the RVSM
FIJI ISLANDS
requirements for the filed route of flight and any planned alternate routes. The letter “W” must be
inserted in field 10 (Equipment) of the ICAO flight plan to indicate RVSM approved aircraft.
Minimum ATC separation between RVSM aircraft is 1000 ft. In all other cases between non-
RVSM aircraft or between a non-RVSM and an RVSM aircraft 2000 ft vertical separation will be
applied.
TRAFFIC INFORMATION BROADCASTS BY AIRCRAFT (TIBA)

The VHF RTF frequency to be used will be promulgated by NOTAM, however, in the case of tem-
porary disruption occurring in controlled airspace, the VHF RTF frequency to be used within the
limits of that airspace will be the primary frequency used for the provision of an air traffic control
service within that airspace.
DIFFERENCES FROM ICAO STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDED

PRACTICES
ICAO ANNEX 2 – RULES OF THE AIR (9th Edition)
Appendix 1
para 2 No signals are prescribed for use in the event of interception there being no military air
forces within the Fiji islands.
para 3 No signals are prescribed to warn aircraft to their proximity to established Prohibited areas.
DOC 4444 – PROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES-AIR TRAFFIC

MANAGEMENT
para 12.3.5 QFE altimeter setting is not provided.
FRENCH PACIFIC OS TERR
GENERAL
In general, air traffic rules and procedures are in conformity with ICAO Standards, Recommended
Practices and Procedures.
FRENCH OVERSEAS TERRITORIES WITHIN THE PACIFIC ICAO REGION

French Polynesia (Tahiti Fir)
– Austral Is
– Gambier Is
– Marquesas Is
– Society Is
– Tuamotu Is
Futuna Is (Nadi Fir)
New Caledonia (Nadi FIR)
– Loyalty Is
– New Caledonia
Wallis Is (Nadi FIR)
Units of measurement used in aeronautical publications and NOTAM are as listed in the following
table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation Nautical Miles and Tenths
Altitudes, elevations, heights, dimensions on Meters,1 Feet
airports and short distances
Vertical speed Meters Per Second
Cloud altitudes and heights Meters
Visibility Kilometers or Meters
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Time Hours and Minutes UTC unless local time is
stated.
1 Altitudes and Heights on Instrument Procedure and Enroute charts
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Particularities of Entries into a VOR DME Holding Pattern
Apart from cases of radar vectoring, arrivals into a VOR DME holding pattern are protected only:
– when following the inbound track of the holding.
– when following a published track.
In the case of an arrival along the VOR radial on which the inbound track of the holding is based,
but in reverse course of the inbound track, the only procedure with a 30° diverging angle (type 2)
is protected (whereas in PANS-OPS, there is a choice between two possibilities: type 1 and type
2).

Instrument approach procedures are based on those contained in the PANS-OPS, Document
8168, Volume II.
When an aircraft has been allotted landing number one and when it is known that it is making use
of the QFE to end its approach, the position of this aircraft in the vertical plane is expressed as a
function of its height in relation to the QFE reference level during that part of the flight during
which the QFE may be used, essentially during final approach. This height is expressed in rela-
tion to the altitude of the aerodrome. However, in the case of an IFR approach, height is
expressed in relation to the elevation of the runway threshold:
– for all precision approaches;
– for all non precision approaches when the threshold is more than 5m (16') below the aero-
drome elevation.
Selection of the altimeter settings used during the missed approach procedure depends on
whether the procedure can or cannot be carried out below the transition altitude.
Visual Maneuvering Without Prescribed Track (Circling — MVL)
The dimensions of the area associated with an MVL must be noted as they vary with the aircraft
category. The area is calculated by plotting an arc with a radius described below from the thresh-
old of every usable runway. These are:
Cat A — 2.2 NM
Cat B — 3.1 NM
Cat C — 4.5 NM
Cat D — 5.5 NM
When an acceleration segment is provided for in the final phase of the missed approach segment,
the following criteria apply:
a. minimum length — 6 NM;
b. minimum obstacle clearance (in the primary area) — 90m (300').

France publishes Decision Height (DH), Minimum Descent Height (MDH), and visibility for land-
ing. Visibility is published for take-off. Obstacle Clearance Heights (OCH) are published for selec-
ted procedures.
Jeppesen Charted minimums are not below State minimums.
INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE PROCEDURES

Turning Departures
The lowest height at which a turn may be initiated is 90m (295') above the departure end of the
runway (DER). There are two types of turning departures to consider:
Initial Turn — A turn made at a height of less than 300m (1000') or at a distance of less than 3.2
NM from the DER.
Turn After Initial Climb — A turn made at a height or distance greater than that for an “initial
turn.”
Departure procedure maximum indicated airspeed (KIAS) for initial turn and turn after initial climb
procedures are indicated in the following table for each category of aircraft.
Aircraft Category Initial Turn Turn After Initial Climb

A 120 120
B 145 165
C 175 265
D 205 290

ICAO standard airspaces classification have been designated for the French Pacific Overseas
Territories as follows:
FRENCH POLYNESIA (TAHITI FIR)

Class “A” — Tahiti OCA FL195 to FL660;
Class “D” — Moorea/Temae CTR and specified sectors of the Tahiti/Faaa CTR;
Class “C” — Hao and Mururoa CTRs;

Class “E” — Tahiti OCA FL45 to FL195; Bora Bora/Motu Mutè and Raiatea/Uturoa, and Ran-
giroa CTRs; and, specified sectors of the Tahiti/Faaa CTR;
Class “G” — Tahiti FIR, excluding CTRs, surface to FL45 and above FL660.
FUTUNA AND WALLIS IS (NADI FIR)

Class “A” — Nadi OCA FL95 to FL460;
Class “G” — Nadi FIR surface to FL95.
NEW CALEDONIA (NEW CALEDONIA SECTOR OF THE NADI FIR)

Class “A” — OCA and Noumea TMA FL195 to FL245;
Class “D” — OCA 2900m (9500') to FL195, Lifou and Noumea TMAs below FL195 and all CTRs
within the New Caledonia Sector.
Class “G” — Airspace in the Sector below 2,900m (9500') not designated Class “A” or “D.”
NOTE: Magenta and Ile des Pins CTRs and sectors of the Noumea TMA, and the Lifou TMA and
CTR airspaces revert to Class “G” airspace outside the hours of aerodrome control.

Within the Tontouta, New Caledonia QNH zone, aircraft at or below 11,000' shall maintain vertical
position by reference to the zone QNH, except aircraft landing, taking off or operating within a
CTR shall use the appropriate airport QNH.
ATS will be notified when estimates for reporting points are found to be 5 minutes or more in
error.
PROVISIONS REGARDING RADIO COMMUNICATIONS AT NON-CONTROLLED

AERODROMES
When an aerodrome is provided with a control tower or an AFIS center and these are out of serv-
ice, pilots shall use the frequency assigned to the tower or AFIS center.
When neither of these services are available, pilots shall use the self information frequency
assigned to the aerodrome, failing this, they shall operate on 123.5 MHz.
Pilots-in-command of aircraft equipped with radio communication equipment shall make position
reports, state their intentions and inform the AFIS center of any subsequent modifications or, if not
available do the same via a self information procedure as follows:
On Arrival
– before joining the aerodrome traffic;
– on the downwind leg;
– on the base leg;
– when the runway is clear;
– on the apron.
On Departure
– on the apron before starting to move;
– at stop point(s) before entering the runway;
– when lined up before take-off;
– when leaving the aerodrome traffic.

ICAO REFERENCE
DEFINITIONS
Additional provision:
AFIS Unit — ATC unit responsible for Flight Information Service and Alert Service for non-con-
trolled aerodrome air traffic.
ANNEX 2
3.1.2 More limited measures may be in force over towns and other facilities.
4.6 b) Anywhere except in locations specified in a), at a height less than 150m (500 ft) above
ground level or sea level and at a distance less than 150m (500 ft) from any people, vehicle or
surface ship or artificial obstacle. Aircraft not power driven performing ridge soaring flights are not
required to comply with this regulation provided that there is no risk for persons or surface prop-
erty.
5.3.1 The first usable level shall keep a margin of at least 150m (500') above the higher of the
two levels:
– 900m (3000 ft) AMSL,
– 300m (1000 ft) ASFC,
5.3.2 An aircraft in IFR flight, either controlled or not, must first have two-way communication
with the appropriate ATC unit and then maintain listening watch.
KIRIBATI
GENERAL
Units of measurement used in air and ground operations are in accordance with ICAO Annex 5
(either SI or Non-SI) as listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting, Nautical Miles and tenths
etc.
Relatively short distances such as those relat- Feet
ing to airport (e.g., runway lengths)
Visibility Statute Miles and Fractions
NOTE: Visibility of less than 5 km may be given
in meters.
Runway visual range Hundreds of Feet
Altimeter setting Inches of Mercury
Mass Pounds
Volume U.S. Gallons
Time Seconds, Minutes, Hours, Day, Week, Month,
Year. The day of 24 hrs beginning at midnight
UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Maximum holding speeds comply with Table IV-I-2, published on AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL –
International Civil Aviation Organization Flight Procedures. Except, unless otherwise published:
a. jet maximum speeds in the table are only applicable for Christmas I (Cassidy Intl) and
Tarawa (Bonriki Intl), and all enroute holding.
KIRIBATI
b. at other aerodromes, holding speeds are limited to those published for propeller aircraft; i.e.,
up to and including FL140 – 170 KIAS, above FL140 – 175 KIAS. However, where terrain or
other circumstances dictate, a specific speed limitation for holding is depicted on the instru-
ment approach chart.
Aircraft unable to comply with the above speed restrictions are to advise ATC and request clear-
ance for holding at an acceptable speed. This may result in an ATC requirement for an increase
in the minimum holding altitude.

Instrument approach procedures are based on those contained in the new PANS-OPS, Document
8168, Volume II.

Kiribati publishes MDA(H) and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for take-off
and alternate.
Jeppesen charted minimums are not below state minimums.

Within the Oakland CTA/FIR and Nadi FIR ICAO standard airspaces and procedures are applica-
ble.

Aircraft in flight over the high seas within the Nadi FIR must operate in accordance with the provi-
sions of ICAO Annex 2. Flights must be conducted in accordance with IFR (even when not oper-
ating in IMC) when operating more than 100 NM seawards from the shoreline within controlled
airspace.
If an aircraft on a long over-water flight has inadvertently deviated from the route specified in the
ATC clearance, immediate action must be taken to regain the route. Action shall not be delayed in
anticipation of a re-clearance being obtained.
Where the aerodrome of departure or destination is not within a QNH zone, aircraft must use the
appropriate aerodrome QNH when at or below 11,000' within 100 NM of the shoreline of the land
mass on which the departure or destination aerodrome is situated.
Facilities for night operations are not available in Kiribati. Pilots must plan their flights so as to
land at their destination and to allow for sufficient time to divert to their selected alternate and to
arrive there before the end of civil twilight.

None published.
MALAYSIA
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic within the Kuala Lumpur FIR and Kota
Kinabalu FIR conform with Annexes 2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation,
Civil Aviation Act 1969, Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulation 1996 and to those portions of the Pro-
cedures for Air Navigation Services – Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services, and the Regional
Supplementary Procedures applicable to the region, except for the differences listed below.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation, position reporting, etc.,
Nautical Miles and Tenths
generally in excess of 2 to 3 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relating to air-
Meters
port (e.g., runway lengths)
Wind direction for landing and takeoff Degrees Magnetic
Wind direction except for landing and takeoff Degrees True
Hours and Minutes, the day of 24 hrs
Time
beginning at midnight UTC
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
GENERAL
The Standard Arrival Routes, Standard Departure Routes, Holding, Instrument Approach, Landing
and Missed Approach in use throughout the Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs conform sub-
stantially with those contained in ICAO DOC 8168 – Procedures For Air Navigation Services –
Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS). Where differences exist they will be indicated on the appropri-
ate chart.
MALAYSIA

An aircraft approaching an airport under IFR for the purpose of making a landing, shall conform to
the holding and Instrument approach procedures for the radio navigation aid employed as prescri-
bed in the appropriate Terminal charts. Where procedures have not been prescribed, airline oper-
ators will submit such approach procedures to the Director General of Civil Aviation. Operators
must accept full responsibility for such procedures and for the accuracy of any charts on which
they are portrayed.
When an aircraft making an instrument approach by day establishes continuous visual reference
with the ground or water above the minimum altitude, it may discontinue instrument approach.
The pilot-in-command shall be solely responsible for ensuring obstacle clearance from the time
visual flight is assumed. In all cases ATC approval shall be obtained.

Except for visibility published for Circle-to-Land on selected procedures, Malaysia does not pub-
lish State Airport Operating Minimums on procedures designed to the new PANS-OPS. For these
procedures Malaysia publishes Obstacle Clearance Altitudes (Heights) [OCA(H)].

Airspace classification have been applied in conformity with ICAO Standards and Recommended
Practices, except two-way communications is required also for aircraft in Class G airspace.
Where ATS airspace adjoin vertically, i.e. one above the other, flight at a common level would
comply with requirements of, and be given services applicable to, the less restrictive class of air-
space. Example: Class B airspace shall be considered less restrictive than Class A airspace.
Classes of airspace D, E and F are not used in Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs.

GENERAL
A flight plan submitted in flight on HF R/T shall be submitted at least 20 minutes (or if on VHF
RTF at least 10 minutes) prior to the intended point of entry into a control zone, control area, advi-
sory area or advisory route.
Cruise climb techniques are not permitted on all routes within the Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kina-
balu FIRs.
The following RNAV routes within Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs are RNP 10:
L510 – (between EMRAN and GIVAL)

L629
L635
L642
MALAYSIA
L645
N571 – (between IGOGU and VAMPI)
N633
N884
N891
N892
P501
P574 – (between NOPEK and ANSAX)
P627
P628 – (between IGREX and GIVAL)
ADS-C/CPDLC PROCEDURES
Data link services are available to FANS 1/A compatible aircraft (which are compliant to RTCA
DO- 258A or ED EUROCAE 100A) on following airways within Kuala Lumpur FIR on a 24-hour
basis;
N571
P574
P627
L645
P628
B466
L510
The introduction of data link services does not affect current procedures for non data link equip-
ped aircraft operating in the same airspace.
Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) and Automatic Dependent Surveillance
(ADS) data link applications will be used to provide services to FANS 1/A equipped aircraft, in
particular over the Bay of Bengal beyond the range of existing radar and VHF voice communica-
tions.
The use of CPDLC in Kuala Lumpur FIR is not mandatory and conducted at the discretion of the
controllers and aircrews involved. Aircrews are encouraged to use CPDLC to the maximum extent
possible, as alternative communication means, also to ease the R/T frequency load.
Messages will be transferred by VHF and satellite data link.
MALAYSIA
Logon Procedures
The AFN LOGON address for the Kuala Lumpur FIR is WMFC.
To avoid automatic rejection of the LOGON, the flight identification number used by the pilot in the
LOGON process must be identical to the flight identification number filed in the flight plan.
A LOGON must be received from the aircraft before any data link connections can be initiated by
the ground system. This is achieved via the ATS facility notification (AFN) LOGON process to be
initiated by the pilot. Aircraft requesting data link services inbound to Kuala Lumpur FIR are
required to LOGON onto WMFC at least 10 minutes prior to the estimated time for entering Kuala
Lumpur FIR.
Data link equipped aircraft departing from aerodromes within the Kuala Lumpur FIR and request-
ing data link may LOGON to WMFC prior to departure. Pilots who are unable to establish a data
link connection are to inform ATC on VHF or HF RTF.
NOTE: Pre-Departure Clearance (PDC) via CPDLC is not available.
CPDLC Procedures
Aircraft that have established data link communications may transmit their position reports by
CPDLC instead of HF RTF.
Lumpur Control frequency (133.4 MHz / 133.7 MHz) will be used as primary back up frequency
for CPDLC. Primary and secondary HF frequencies (5670 KHz / 6655 KHz / 11285 KHz) shall
continue to be backup communication for the entire airspace.
To ensure the correct synchronization of messages, controller/pilot dialogues opened by CPDLC
must be closed by CPDLC. Controller/pilot dialogues opened by voice must be closed by voice.
Due to inherent integrity checks and a coded reference to any preceding related message con-
tained within CPDLC messages, a clearance issued by CPDLC requires only the appropriate
CPDLC response, not a read-back as would be required if the clearance had been issued by
voice.
The down link response “WILCO” indicates that the pilot accepts the full terms of the whole uplink
message.
A down link response “AFFIRM” is not an acceptable acknowledgement or reply to a CLEAR-
ANCE issued by CPDLC.
To avoid ambiguity in message handling and response, a CPDLC downlink message should not
contain more than one clearance request.
If multiple clearance requests are contained in a single downlink message and the controller
cannot approve all requests, the uplink message element “UNABLE” will be sent as a response to
the entire message. A separate message containing a response to those requests that can be
complied with will be sent by the controller.
If any ambiguity exists as to the intent of a particular message, clarification must be sought by
voice.
MALAYSIA
Standard pre-formatted message elements must be used whenever possible. Free text messages
should be used only when an appropriate pre-formatted message element does not exist or to
supplement the pre-formatted message element. The use of free text should be kept to a mini-
mum.
When CPDLC connection is established, aircraft will be instructed to transfer from voice to
CPDLC.
The phraseology used is:
TRANSFER TO LUMPUR CONTROL ON DATA LINK [position];
MONITOR [VHF (Frequencies) ALTERNATE HF Primary/secondary (Frequencies)]
Pilots should then down link a CPDLC position report.
CPDLC Termination
CPDLC connections will be terminated at the FIR boundary position or when entering radar cover-
age. The CONTACT [unit name][frequency] message and the END SERVICE message will be
sent as separate messages. The END SERVICE message will be sent as soon as possible after
receipt of the WILCO response to the CONTACT message.
In cases where the next FIR provide data link services; a Next Data Authority message will be
sent out 30 minutes prior crossing the FIR boundary.Transfer of communication shall be comple-
ted at the FIR boundary.
In cases where the next FIR does not have data link services, CPDLC connections will be termi-
nated at the FIR boundary position.
ADS Procedures
ADS Periodic contracts will be established automatically on receipt of a LOGON. The Periodic
reporting rate is as follows:
a. In Low Traffic Density Area (LTDA) is 300 seconds (5 minutes); and
b. In Medium Traffic Density Area (MTDA) is 600 seconds (10 minutes).
The introduction of ADS application does not affect the current position report procedures.
ADS contracts will be automatically terminated at a system parameter time after aircraft has left
Kuala Lumpur FIR.
Data Link Failure
Pilots recognizing a failure of a CPDLC connection must immediately establish communications
on the appropriate voice frequency. When voice communications have been established, voice
must continue to be used as the primary medium until a CPDLC connection has been re-estab-
lished and the controller has authorized the return to data link.
In the event of an expected CPDLC shutdown, the controller will immediately advise all data link
connected aircraft of the failure by voice. Instructions will continue to be issued by voice until the
return of the data link system. The return of the system to an operational state will require a new
AFN LOGON from the affected aircraft.
MALAYSIA
SEMI-CIRCULAR SYSTEM OF CRUISING LEVELS

The pilot-in-command of an IFR flight at or above 3000 ft within controlled airspace and above
FL 250 in uncontrolled airspace shall select a level corresponding to the appropriate magnetic
track. The Quadrantal Rule will continue to be used for all flights below FL 250 in uncontrolled
airspace of the Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs. FL 250 in uncontrolled airspace will be
held vacant to serve as a buffer.
Transition from the Quadrantal System to the Semi-Circular System

TRACK FLOWN IFR FLIGHT
000°–089° Maintain ODD level
090°–179° Descend to next ODD level
180°–269° Maintain EVEN level
270°–359° Descend to next EVEN level
Transition from the Semi-Circular System to the Quadrantal System

TRACK FLOWN IFR FLIGHT
000°–089° Maintain ODD level
090°–179° Climb to next ODD + 500 ft level
180°–269° Maintain EVEN level
270°–359° Climb to next EVEN + 500 ft level
START-UP PROCEDURES
At Kuala Lumpur Intl (WMKK) and Subang - Aziz Shah Intl (WMSA), the following procedures
apply:
a. Obtain ATC clearance from Lumpur Delivery;
b. On receipt of ATC clearance, contact Lumpur Ground/Subang Ground for start-up and/or
pushback clearance within 5 minutes;
c. Obtain pushback clearance (where relevant) and taxi instructions and maintain a listening
watch on the prescribed ground control frequency while taxiing;
d. Change to Airport or Airport/Approach Control frequency when nearing the holding point;
e. Report “READY” for takeoff.
ALTIMETRY
The Altimeter Setting Procedures in the Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs generally conform
to ICAO practices.
A pilot-in-command shall report:
MALAYSIA
a. At the time of leaving a level for a newly assigned level;

b. When leaving or passing through such other levels as may be specified by ATC; and
c. On reaching an assigned level.
A QFE altimeter setting will be made available on request but reports to ATC shall be made in
altitudes.
AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT (ATFM)

Flow Management is Used to Regulate Traffic For:
a. Arrivals into Kuala Lumpur International Airport (WMKK);
b. Arrivals into Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah (WMSA) Airport; and
c. Aircraft transiting into Kuala Lumpur FIR and departures from airports within Peninsular
Malaysia flight planned over the Bay of Bengal.

ANNEX 2
2.2 All flights shall be conducted in accordance with IFR during the hours between sunset and
sunrise.
3.1.3 Vertical displacement is expressed in terms of flight levels at or above the transition level
and in terms of altitude at or below the transition altitude.
3.3.1.2 Unless specified by Airport Control Units in respect of local flights, flight plans shall be
submitted for all flights. This procedure also applies to VFR flights.
4.1 Plane of division of notified height 900m (3000 ft) above MSL is specified as at and above
3000 ft or below 3000 ft. No consideration is given to 1000 ft above terrain.
The horizontal distance indicated in the Table is expressed in terms of nautical miles instead of
statute miles and the equivalent metric distance is applicable.
4.4(a)
i) VFR flights shall not operate above FL 150 in controlled airspace.
ii) VFR flights shall not operate above FL 250 in uncontrolled airspace.
5.2.2 & 5.3.1 The cruising levels prescribed are applicable only within controlled airspace at or
above 3000 ft and in uncontrolled airspace at or above FL 250. Quadrantal Height Rules apply
otherwise.
DOC 4444 ATM/501

4.10.2 Within the Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs, a common transition altitude is fixed at
11,000 ft (3350m) and for flights at or below the transition altitude, the altimeter reference will be
Area QNH and vertical displacement will be in terms of altitude.
MALAYSIA
4.10.2.2 Because of slight pressure changes, a common transition level is fixed at FL 130 in the
Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu FIRs except for an area of 10 NM radius of Mt Kinabalu (Kota
Kinabalu FIR) where the lowest safe altitude is 15,000 ft (4570m) and the lowest safe level is
FL 170.
4.10.4.1 Information to determine lowest flight levels is available from MET on request through
ATC.
4.10.4.4 Transition levels are not specified to aircraft in approach and landing clearances.
NAURU
GENERAL
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
etc., in excess of 4,000m
ing to aerodrome (e.g., runway lengths)
in meters.
Runway visual range Meters
Mass Kilograms
UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Maximum holding speeds generally comply with Table IV-1-2, published on AIR TRAFFIC CON-
TROL — International Civil Aviation Organization Flight Procedures. Except, unless otherwise
published:
a. jet maximum speeds in the table are only applicable for Nauru Intl and all enroute holding.
b. at other aerodromes, holding speeds are limited to those published for propeller aircraft; i.e.,
up to and including FL 140 – 170 KIAS, above FL 140 – 175 KIAS.
NAURU
Aircraft unable to comply with the above speed restrictions are to advise ATC and request clear-

Instrument approach procedures are based on those contained in PANS-OPS, Document 8168,
Volume II.

Nauru publishes DA(H) and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for takeoff and
alternate.

The Government of the Republic of Nauru, via Nauru Civil Aviation and by arrangement with
external ATS providers, is responsible for the provision of services within the Nauru FIR consist-
ing of Class “A” and Class “G” airspace.
Class “A” — Nauru FIR from FL245 to FL600. Air Traffic Services provided by Airservices Aus-
tralia, through Brisbane Center.
Class “G” — Airspace not designated Class “A”. Air Traffic Services provided by Republic of
Nauru Civil Aviation.

Aircraft within 100 NM of Nauru I landing at or departing from Nauru Aerodrome shall use the aer-
odrome QNH value at or below 11,000'.
If an aircraft on a long over-water flight has inadvertently deviated from the route specified in its
ATC clearance, immediate action must be taken to regain such route and notify ATC. Action shall
not be delayed in anticipation of a re-clearance being obtained.

None published.
NEW ZEALAND AND PAC IS
GENERAL
In general, New Zealand and the New Zealand Pacific Islands are in conformity with ICAO Stand-
ards, Recommended Practices and Procedures.
Pacific Islands here includes those states remaining in the Pacific AIP and not addressed by an
individual Jeppesen ATC State page: Cook Islands and Niue.
All New Zealand charts and pages, except NOTAM, take effect at 0000 local time (NZDT or
NZST) on the published effective date; e.g., a chart with an effective date of 15 Sep becomes
effective at 09150000 NZST (09141200 UTC).
The units of measurement used for aeronautical purposes are in accordance with the Interna-
tional System of Units (SI). Applicable Non-SI alternate units are listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, etc. Nautical Miles and Tenths
WGS–84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures comply with ATC Chapter ICAO Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) Part IV Hold-
ing Procedures, Table “Holding Speeds ICAO DOC 8168 Volume I”.

Instrument holding, approach, and departure procedures in New Zealand are designed using cri-
teria contained in ICAO Document 8168-OPS/611 (PANS-OPS) VOL II.
CONTAINMENT WITHIN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

Controlled airspace may not totally contain the navigational tolerances associated with holding,
approach, and departure procedures at controlled airports.
Minimum altitudes specified on DME ARCs and holding procedures provide terrain and obstacle
clearance, but do not ensure flight is contained within controlled airspace.
Procedure Timing
To ensure that the obstacle clearance margins are not infringed, no increase in the instrument
approach procedure outbound time or outbound DME distance is authorized; except that, where
aircraft are operated on the outbound leg of the teardrop instrument approach procedure at indi-
cated airspeeds significantly lower than the maximum authorized for the procedure, the outbound
timing may be adjusted in accordance with the following table:
Modified timing related to aircraft approach speed

Procedure timing shown on chart
91 – 110 KIAS 70 – 90 KIAS
2 Minutes 2.5 Minutes 3 Minutes
3 Minutes 4 Minutes 4.5 Minutes
Outbound time or DME distance may be shortened, provided that the wind velocity at the relevant
altitudes has been confirmed by an immediately preceding instrument approach to the effect that
minimum altitude may be reached at an acceptable descent rate during final approach.
Visual Approach at Night
For a visual approach at night, it is essential that the pilot has the runway lights in sight. Sighting
only of the airport beacon, REIL or approach lights is insufficient.

New Zealand publishes Decision Altitude (Height) [DA(H)], Minimum Descent Altitude (Height)
[MDA (H)] and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility, or visibility only where reduced takeoff
minima are applied, are published for takeoff. Ceiling and visibility are published for alternate at
selected airports.
PILOT CONTROLLED LIGHTING

Pilot Activated Airport Lighting (PAL)
The standard operation for pilot activated lighting is to key the mike five times within 3 seconds on
the appropriate frequency. Lights will remain on for 20 minutes. At any time, a single transmission
will reset the lighting timer for another 20 minutes.
NOTE: There is no warning prior to the lights turning off.
Brilliance and Runway Selection — After a ten second warm up, the lights switch to full bright-
ness. To change intensity, make a similar five transmissions, but hold the mike button down on
the last transmission. The lighting intensity will continuously cycle until the transmit button is
released. Where alternative runways are available, the cycling will include changing to the next
runway(s) and cycling the brilliance before starting the cycle again.
Remote Control of Lighting
Remote control of lighting may be available by prior arrangement with the airplane operator or
Chief Controller.
Warm Up Period
In weather conditions likely to cause condensation or water on the lenses of visual aids, pilots are
advised to operate PAL as soon as practicable so that the aid can have up to a 5 minute warm
up. This will reduce the likelihood of false indications through optical distortion.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE (SID)

Unless otherwise specified, SIDs require a climb on runway centerline to a minimum of 400 ft
above the departure end of the runway before commencing a turn.
Wherever limiting speeds other than the maximum turn speeds are promulgated, they must be
complied with to achieve the planned obstacle clearance margins.
Aircraft flying published instrument departure procedures based on terrestrial navigation aids
must fly-over associated NAVAID's/Fixes unless otherwise instructed. Operators using FMS to fly
these conventional procedures must ensure the procedures are appropriately coded in their FMS
to achieve this requirement.
When an instrument departure contains a “cross at or above” requirement pilots must advise ATC
if this requirement cannot be met. This requirement will not apply if the aircraft has been cleared
to a level which is below the level in the requirement.
ATS AIRSPACE
New Zealand has designated:
RNP airspace in the Auckland Oceanic FIR; lower limit FL245, upper limit FL600.
RVSM airspace in the New Zealand FIR and the Auckland Oceanic FIR; lower limit FL290, upper
limit FL410.
RNP
RNP compliance is indicated by inclusion of the letter “R” in field 10 (Equipment) of the ICAO
flight plan when any portion of the flight planned route passes through an active RNP designated
airspace.
Operators wishing to access 30/30 separation minima must annotate:
a. “J”, “R”* and “Z”+ in Item 10, Equipment;
b. “D” in Item 10, Surveillance Equipment; and
c. “NAV/RNP4” in Item 18.
The requirements of these annotations are to confirm that:
a. OpsSpecs approval is granted for RNP4 (30/30 separation);
b. crew training for pilots and dispatchers is complete for both RNP4 and FANS 1/A; and
c. documentation of normal and abnormal procedures for pilots and dispatchers is completed
and issued.
*This information allows automated ATC systems to determine aircraft navigational capabil-
ity.
+ This indicates that there is further information in field 18.
Minimum lateral and longitudinal separation between RNP10 aircraft is 50NM and between RNP4
aircraft is 30NM as permitted by ICAO Regional Supplementary Procedures (Doc 7030). In all
other cases, 100NM lateral or time-based longitudinal separation will be applied.
ATC will endeavour to accommodate aircraft not meeting RNP criteria within the designated air-
space. Aircraft meeting RNP will be given priority over aircraft not meeting RNP, subject to the
traffic disposition.
RVSM
RVSM operational approval is required for aircraft to operate within RVSM airspace; however,
non-RVSM approved aircraft (including VFR) may request entry in-flight on an ad hoc basis. The
operator must determine that the appropriate State Authority has approved the aircraft and that it
will meet the RVSM requirements for the filed route of flight and any planned alternate routes. The
letter “W” must only be inserted in field 10 (Equipment) of the ICAO flight plan if the aircraft has
RVSM operational approval.
Minimum ATC separation between RVSM aircraft is 1000 ft. In all other cases between non-
RVSM aircraft or between a non-RVSM and an RVSM aircraft 2000 ft vertical separation will be
applied.
Within RVSM airspace, RVSM approved aircraft will be given priority for level allocation over non-
RVSM approved civil aircraft. Non-RVSM approved State aircraft will be afforded the same priority
as RVSM approved aircraft.
Transponder Mandatory Airspace is designated airspace inside which aircraft are required to
have a transponder operating including Mode C, allowing enhanced performance of ground-
based (e.g. SSR) and airborne (e.g. ACAS) surveillance systems.
VFR Transit Lanes are part of a CTR which are released as Class G (uncontrolled) airspace
during daylight hours for the purpose of transiting by VFR aircraft within airspace not normally
used by IFR aircraft. When active, no entry clearance is required and VFR flights may operate
without reference to ATC within these lanes.
General Aviation Areas (GAA) are part of a CTR or a CTA which is released as Class G air-
space during daylight hours for the purpose of facilitating VFR operations, including glider and
powered VFR activity. VFR aircraft operating within a GAA should maintain a listening watch on
the applicable ATC frequency unless the GAA has been activated for a specific period for glider,
hang glider or paraglider operations.
Common Frequency Zones (CFZ) have been established to encourage pilots to use a single
VHF frequency specified for the zone. Pilots should transmit their position, altitude and intentions
relevant to prominent reporting points or features at entry, or at other times for traffic safety. CFZ
are not mandatory and are advisory in nature.
Mandatory Broadcast Zones are established to provide increased protection to aircraft in areas
of uncontrolled airspace where high density or special operations may occur. A pilot is required to
broadcast position and intention reports on a specified frequency on entry, when joining an airport
traffic circuit, prior to entering a runway, and at regular specified intervals when operating within
the MBZ. As an extra safety measure, landing lights or anticollision lights must be used when
fitted.
Volcanic Hazard Zones (VHZ) have special conditions that must be complied with before entry
and operation within the airspace. There is no administering authority for entry to volcanic hazard
zones. VHZ are established to provide increased protection to aircraft in an area where volcanic
activity may be present. Operation within a VHZ requires pilots to operate in VMC by day, in order
to be able to observe any volcanic ejecta or ash plume. Pilots intending to operate within a VHZ
must therefore receive relevant NOTAM and SIGMET information.
VHZ provide protection when the volcano source is at Alert Level One. During an increase in vol-
canic activity, permanent VHZ may be increased in size with the full extent of ash cloud being
advised by SIGMET. The lateral and upper vertical limits will be amended in accordance with the
following table, and notification of any change in dimensions will be via NOTAM.
Alert Level Radius From Vent Upper Limit

One 3 NM Note 1
Two 8 NM FL150
Three 16 NM FL330
Four 27 NM FL480
Five 50 NM FL660
NOTE 1: Raoul Island – 4500'; White Island – 4500'; Mt. Nqauruhoe – 10,500'; Mt. Ruapehu –
12,200'.
ATC will not clear an aircraft to operate on any route or procedure that infringes the VHZ, unless
specifically requested by the pilot during daylight hours only. Aircraft under radar control will be
vectored clear of the boundary of any VHZ unless specifically requested otherwise by the pilot.
Pilots and operators should amend flight plans as necessary.
TRAFFIC INFORMATION BROADCASTS BY AIRCRAFT (TIBA)

General
TIBA are reports and information transmitted by pilots for the information of pilots of other aircraft
in the vicinity following a significant disruption to air traffic or telecommunication services.
Procedures have been adopted in both Auckland Oceanic and New Zealand FIRs to comply with
ICAO ATS classifications Annex 11 TRAFFIC INFORMATION BROADCASTS BY AIRCRAFT
(TIBA), also published in this Airway Manual. Notable clarifications follow.
VHF RTF Frequency to be used for TIBA
VHF RTF Frequency to be used for TIBA in the Auckland Oceanic FIR (NZZO) is 128.95 MHz.
Aircraft within the NZZO FIR should also make position reports to an alternative HF station.
In the New Zealand FIR (NZZC) pilots are to follow frequency instructions issued by ATS. If not
instructed by ATS and there is a complete ATS communication failure, refer to the following TIBA
frequency map.
Timing of TIBA
A TIBA broadcast should be made at 10-minute intervals between reporting points.
Content of TIBA
A broadcast is specified when reaching new flight level or altitude; Example: ALL STATIONS,
FASTAIR 69 MAINTAINING FLIGHT LEVEL 340 NOW.
Collision Avoidance Under TIBA
Unless an alternative maneuver appears more appropriate, immediately descend 300 ft if above
FL290, or 500 ft if at or below FL290; and
Response to a system-initiated ACAS Resolution Advisory has precedence over other instructions
concerning collision avoidance under TIBA.

FLIGHT PLANS
Flight plans should be submitted to the National Briefing Office at Christchurch using IFIS (Inter-
net Flight Information Service–www.ifis.airways.co.nz), telephone or facsimile (FAX).
A flight plan submitted by FAX is not accepted by ATS until acceptance is confirmed by return
FAX. All flight plans submitted by FAX must include an originator’s FAX number. If no return
acknowledgment is received within five minutes of submitting the plan by FAX, the pilot in com-
mand is required to call the Flight Information Centre or ATS unit to submit the flight plan by other
means.
IFR flight plans submitted prior to takeoff, shall be submitted at least 30 minutes prior to depar-
ture.
IFR flight plans submitted during flight should, as far as practicable, be transmitted to the appro-
priate ATS unit at least 10 minutes before reaching the point of entry into controlled airspace, or
20 minutes if onward transmission of the flight plan to other ATS units is required.
TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

Traffic congestion is occurring in some New Zealand airspaces, and flow control, start-up delays,
and in-flight holding may be required to allow effective air traffic management at any time, but par-
ticularly during periods of peak demand.
Delays of 20 minutes or more may occur for arriving aircraft when meteorological conditions are
below circling minima for the highest approach category aircraft.
To manage airborne holding and delays during high demand periods, an Air Traffic Management
System called Collaborative Arrival Manager (CAM) operates. CAM allocates a calculated time of
departure (CTOT) and a controlled time of arrival (CTA) for aircraft proceeding to a CAM active
airport based on the runway capacity. International flights are not subject to these procedures.
The following is a list of airports where CAM is in operation:
Auckland H24
Christchurch H24
Wellington H24
A CTA during curfew hours is not an arrival authorization.
STANDARD CLEARANCE DELIVERY SYSTEM

Standard Route Clearances depicting designated routes between pairs of airports servicing regu-
lar flights within New Zealand are published with the respective charts of the departure airport.
The composition of a standard route clearance will be as follows:
Example: WNNR 3
Where:
WN is the airport of departure (ADEP) (i.e., Wellington)
NR is the airport of destination (ADES) (i.e., Napier)
3 is the plan validity number (1 thru 3 for the primary route, 4 thru 6 for the
secondary route, and 7 thru 9 for an extra route).
Any change of any element of the route field of a standard route clearance
will necessitate a change in the plan validity number.
ALTIMETRY
The pilot of an aircraft flying within the Auckland Oceanic FIR must maintain vertical position by
reference to the standard pressure value of 1013.2 hPa, except that:
a. Within the Rarotonga, Samoa and Norfolk Island QNH Zones vertical position must be main-
tained by reference to the Zone QNH. The pilot of an aircraft landing and taking off must use
the appropriate airport QNH.
b. Where the airport or heliport of destination or departure is not within a QNH Zone (e.g. at the
Chatham Islands), aircraft should use the appropriate airport QNH value when at or below
3000 ft within 10 NM of the shoreline of the landmass on which the destination or departure
airport or heliport is situated.
Aircraft entering the New Zealand FIR are required to remain on 1013.2 hPa to the FIR boundary.
Aircraft entering the Auckland Oceanic FIR from the New Zealand FIR, must, if on QNH, change
to 1013.2 hPa at the FIR boundary.
POSITION REPORTING
General
When on uncharted (random) routes, aircraft are to report position at intervals of 5° or 10° of lati-
tude or longitude (latitude if the aircraft is predominantly north-south, longitude if east-west) north
or south of the equator or east or west of the 180° meridian. 10° is to be used if the aircraft traver-
ses 10° in 1 hour and 20 minutes or less. Aircraft on diagonal tracks are to report at intervals not
exceeding 1 hour and 20 minutes.
Where an aircraft is flying a company generated uncharted route (user preferred random route),
all waypoints published for these routes are compulsory reporting points except where these way-
points coincide with published non-compulsory reporting points or waypoints on an ATS route.
Aircraft that have deviated off-track are to report abeam any reporting point or waypoint.
When reporting using voice or CPDLC, the “Position” and “Next Position” shall only contain com-
pulsory reporting points or waypoints unless requested otherwise by ATC. The “Ensuing Signifi-
cant Point” may be either the compulsory or non-compulsory reporting point or waypoint after the
“Next Position”.
Revision of Estimates
Except when reporting position via ADS-C, pilots must report immediately to ATC a corrected esti-
mate for the next significant point at any time it becomes apparent that an estimate previously
submitted is in error in excess of two (2) minutes.
Using Voice
When on ATS routes, aircraft must transmit section 1 of the AIREP at compulsory reporting
points, designated compulsory MET reporting points and waypoints. Section 3 of the AIREP is
required at compulsory MET reporting points by aircraft using CPDLC only.
When on uncharted routes, aircraft must transmit section 1 of the AIREP at all fixes defining the
route.
Using CPDLC
Aircraft are required to downlink a CPDLC position report:
– After an initial CPDLC connection when inbound from an area not providing CPDLC services;
and
– After the completion of a CPDLC connection transfer; and
– At the FIR boundary on entry to the Auckland Oceanic FIR (includes outbound from New Zea-
land); and
– At compulsory reporting points; and
– When requested by ATC.
Using ADS-C
Aircraft reporting position via ADS-C are not required to downlink CPDLC position reports or
report position using voice except:
– that a CPDLC position report is required at the FIR boundary on entry to the Auckland Oceanic
FIR (includes outbound from New Zealand); and
– When requested by ATC.
Unattended Airports (New Zealand)

Pilots of aircraft operating outside controlled airspace below 3000 ft AGL within a radius of 10 NM
of an unattended airport (including a controlled or AFIS airport outside the hours of attendance)
must maintain a continuous listening watch on the assigned Traffic frequency, or on 119.1 MHz if
there is no frequency assigned, and broadcast position, altitude and intentions for the benefit of
other traffic.
Each aircraft transmission is to be preceded by the name of the airport, followed by the word
“TRAFFIC”.

ICAO REFERENCE
DEFINITIONS
Visibility — means the ability, as determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of
measurement, to see and identify prominent unlighted objects by day and prominent lighted
objects by night.
ANNEX 2
3.2.3.3 No requirement for aircraft in flight to display anti-collision lights outside the period from
sunset to sunrise.
3.2.3.4 No requirement for aircraft operating on the movement area of an airport to display anti-
collision lights or lights to indicate engines are running outside the period from sunset to sunrise.
3.2.4 Outside controlled airspace simulated instrument flight is permitted in an aircraft that is not
equipped with fully functioning dual controls or pitch, roll, yaw and engine power controls that can
be operated from either pilot station if the means of simulating instrument flight can be removed
rapidly by the pilot in command.
3.3.3.1 Inclusion of wake turbulence category, equipment, departure airport, estimated off-block
time, cruising speed(s) and cruising level(s) in a VFR flight plan is not mandatory.
4.1 For classes C, D and E airspace the minimum permitted distance from cloud is 2 km hori-
zontally and, within a control zone, 500 ft vertically. The minimum required vertical distance from
cloud outside a control zone within class C, D or E airspace is 1000 ft.
4.4 VFR flights may be operated above the upper limit of controlled airspace in the Auckland
Oceanic and New Zealand FIRs.
4.5 VFR flights may be authorized in RVSM airspace (FL290 – FL410) in the New Zealand FIR.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
GENERAL
In general, the air traffic rules and procedures are in conformity with ICAO Standards, Recom-
mended Practices and Procedures.
Units of measurement used in all air and ground communications and airways operations are as
listed in the following table.
NOTE: An aircraft which is temporarily unable to use the following units shall advise the ground
station with which it is in contact and request the station to transmit in units of measurement
requested by the aircraft.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation, position report- Nautical Miles and Tenths
ing, etc., generally in excess of 2 to 3 NM
Wind direction in observations for landing and Degrees Magnetic
take-off
Wind direction, except for landing and take-off Degrees True
Weight (mass) Metric Tons or Kilograms
Time Hours and Minutes, UTC
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Maximum Speeds
Levels Maximum IAS in Normal Conditions

Up to and including 14,000 feet AMSL 2301
1702
Above 14,000 AMSL to 20,000 feet AMSL 2401
inclusive
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Levels Maximum IAS in Normal Conditions

Above 20,000 feet AMSL to FL340 inclu- 2651
sive
Above FL340 0.83 Mach
1 The speed limit of 280 knots or 0.80 Mach for turbulent conditions shall be used for holding
only after prior clearance from ATC, unless the procedure indicates that the holding area can ac-
commodate aircraft flying at those higher speeds.
2 For holding procedures limited to Category A and B aircraft only.
Make all turns at a rate of 3° per second up to a maximum bank angle of 25°.

Instrument approach procedures are based on those contained in PANS-OPS, Document 8168.
Minimum Altitudes
Minimum (enroute safety, lowest safe, sector, VFR, and IFR) Altitudes all mean the lowest altitude
within the defined area that will provide a minimum clearance of:
a. 2000' above the highest obstacle over terrain with a height in excess of 10,000'
b. 1500' above the highest obstacle over terrain with a height in excess of 5000'
c. 1000' above the highest obstacle over terrain with a height of 5000' or less.
Aircraft Speed
a. A pilot shall not operate an aircraft at an indicated speed of more than 250 kts below an alti-
tude of 10,000 feet AMSL when that aircraft is operated in Class “F” airspace.
b. A pilot shall not operate an aircraft below 1500 feet above airport elevation and within 5km of
that airport at an indicated speed of more than 200 kts when that aircraft is operated in Class
“F” airspace.
c. Paragraph (a) and (b) shall not apply when—
1. the minimum safe speed of the aircraft prescribed in the flight manual is more than the
prescribed speed limitation and the aircraft is operated at that minimum safe speed; or
2. the minimum speed specified for a procedure for flight under IFR is more than the pre-
scribed speed limitation.
Operating on and in the Vicinity of an Airport
Each pilot of an airplane operating on or in the vicinity of an airport shall—
a. observe other airport traffic for the purpose of avoiding collision; and
b. unless otherwise authorized or instructed by ATC, conform with or avoid the airport traffic cir-
cuit formed by other aircraft; and
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
c. Make all turns to the left when approaching for a landing and after take-off unless—
1. otherwise authorized or instructed by ATC; or
2. a right hand airport traffic circuit has been prescribed by the Director; or
3. a turn in the opposite direction for an IFR procedure has been prescribed.
PILOT CONTROLLED LIGHTING (PCL)

VHF Activated Lighting
Remote VHF switching of aircraft lighting (i.e., Pilot Activated Lighting – PAL), T-VASIS and PAPI
facilities is available at many airports throughout Papua New Guinea. All lighting facilities respond
to VHF activation when the aircraft is within 30 nautical miles of the airport and within “line of
sight” range. The appropriate frequency is published on Airport Charts associated with the instru-
ment approach procedures and in the Airport Directory.
Where the airport lighting does not include PAPI systems, the method of activation is to transmit
continuously for at least ten (10) seconds. Where lighting facilities include a PAPI system, the
activation method differs: three (3) transmissions of at least three (3) seconds duration within 25
seconds is required.
NOTE: The facility is not provided with backup or fail safe equipment.
VISUAL FLIGHT RULES

Fuel Requirements for Flight Under VFR
A pilot-in-command of an airplane shall not begin a flight under VFR unless, in the forecast
weather conditions, the airplane has enough fuel to fly, including fuel required for taxi, take-off
and climb, to the first point of intended landing at the planned normal cruising speed, and to fly
after that for at least 45 minutes.
VFR Flight Plan
Each pilot-in-command of an aircraft shall—
a. where practical, submit a flight plan to an appropriate ATS unit prior to the start of each flight
under VFR; or
b. otherwise, submit a flight plan by radio to the appropriate ATS unit as soon as practical after
take-off.
Position Reports
a. Each pilot-in-command of an aircraft on a VFR flight shall report the position of the aircraft to
ATS—
1. at least every 30 minutes; or
2. at the times or reporting points required by ATS.
b. Each pilot-in-command shall advise ATS of a revised ETA when the estimated ETA to the
next reporting point notified to ATS is found to be in error by more than 2 minutes.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
VFR Cruising Altitude and Flight Level

a. Each pilot-in-command of an aircraft operating within the Port Moresby FIR under VFR in
level cruising flight at more than 3000 feet above the surface shall, unless otherwise author-
ized by ATC, maintain the following altitude or flight levels when operating at or below
20,000 feet AMSL—
1. on a magnetic track of 000° clockwise to 179°, any odd thousand foot altitude AMSL; or
2. on a magnetic track of 180° clockwise to 359°, any even thousand foot altitude AMSL;
and
b. Each pilot-in-command of an aircraft operating within the Port Moresby FIR under VFR shall
not operate at any level above 20,000 feet AMSL unless otherwise authorized by ATC.
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES

Minimum Flight Crew
A pilot-in-command shall not operate an aircraft under IFR without another pilot, unless—
a. the aircraft flight manual authorizes operation of the aircraft with one pilot; and
b. the aircraft is equipped with—
1. communication equipment that can be operated by the pilot without releasing the air-
craft flight controls; and
2. an operative autopilot or stabilization system capable of operating the aircraft controls to
maintain flight and maneuver the aircraft about the roll and pitch axes with an automatic
heading hold.
Fuel Requirements for Flights Under IFR
a. A pilot-in-command shall not operate an aircraft under IFR unless the aircraft carries suffi-
cient fuel including contingency fuel as specified in (b), taking into account weather reports,
forecasts and conditions, to complete the flight to the airport of intended landing and—
1. when an alternate airport is not required, for airplanes, fly after that for 45 minutes at
holding speed at a height of 1500 feet above the airport.
2. when an alternate is required, fly from the airport of intended landing to the alternate
airport and, for airplanes, fly after that for 45 minutes at holding speed at a height of
1500 feet above the airport.
b. The contingency fuel required under paragraph (a) shall be at least 15% of the total fuel
required under paragraph (a) or sufficient fuel for at least 30 minutes at holding speed at a
height of 1500 feet above the airport of intended landing.
c. If the meteorological conditions are forecast to deteriorate intermittently (INTER) or tempora-
rily (TEMP), in addition to the requirements listed above, sufficient fuel based on holding
speed is carried for an additional—
1. 30 minutes for intermittent deteriorations; and
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
2. 60 minutes for temporary deteriorations.

IFR Alternate Airport Requirement
a. A pilot-in-command of an aircraft operating under IFR shall list in the flight plan at least one
alternate airport unless—
1. at least 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after the estimated time of arrival at the air-
port of intended landing the meteorological forecast, or meteorological reports, or a
combination of the two indicate that—
(a) the ceiling and visibility are at or above the alternate minima; and
(b) there is no probability of reduced visibility due to fog, mist or dust.
2. if the airport of intended landing does not have an instrument approach procedure or
only has an instrument approach procedure based on GPS, at least 30 minutes before
and 30 minutes after the estimated time of arrival at the airport of intended landing the
meteorological forecast, or meteorological reports, or a combination of the two indicate
that—
(a) the ceiling at the airport is at least 500 feet above the lowest safe altitude for the
final route segment or the lowest MSA; and
(b) the visibility is at least 8km.
Special Alternate Minimums
Special alternate weather minima are available at some airports for use by aircraft with dual
ILS/VOR approach capability, ie, with duplicated LLZ, G/P, marker and VOR receivers. (Such air-
craft will also have two ADF systems, when an NDB or locator is associated with the ILS.) Special
alternate weather minima are identified on the instrument approach charts by a double asterisk
adjacent to the ALTERNATE title and a note detailing the special minima.
These special alternate minima will not be available (minima will revert to normal alternate
minima) during periods when:
a. local METAR/SPECI or forecasting services are not available: or
b. there is a protracted unserviceability (ie, more than 7 days) of any one VHF approach aid; or
c. an airport control service is not provided.
NOTE: The non-availability of, or any revisions to special alternate minima will be advised by
NOTAM.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Airplane instrument approach IAS (knots) limitations

Maximum ISA Range of IAS Maximum IAS
Airplane Cat- IAS for Initial
Vat for Circling for Final Ap- for Missed
egory Approach
Approach proach Approach
A <91 170 100 70 to 100 110
B 91/120 170 135 85 to 130 150
C 121/140 200 180 115 to 160 240
D 141/165 200 205 130 to 185 265
AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION
Class “A” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “A” airspace that controlled airspace where the Director con-
siders it necessary in the interests of aviation safety that—
a. separation is required between all flights; and
b. VFR flights are not permitted.
Class “B” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “B” airspace that controlled airspace where the Director con-
siders it necessary in the interests of aviation safety that separation is required between all flights.
Class “C” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “C” airspace that controlled airspace where the Director con-
a. separation is required between—
1. IFR flights; and
2. IFR and VFR flights; and
3. IFR and special VFR flights; and
4. special VFR flights; and
b. traffic information is required for VFR flights about other VFR flights; and
c. traffic avoidance advice is required for VFR flights on request.
Class “D” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “D” airspace that controlled airspace where the Director con-
1. IFR flights; and
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
2. IFR and VFR flights during night; and

3. IFR and special VFR flights; and
4. special VFR flights; and
b. traffic information is required for—
1. IFR flights about VFR flights during day; and
2. VFR flights about IFR flights, and other VFR flights; and
c. traffic avoidance advice is required for IFR and VFR flights on request.
Class “E” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “E” airspace that controlled airspace where the Director con-
1. IFR flights; and
2. IFR flights and VFR flights during night; and
b. traffic information is required, where practical, for—
1. IFR flights about VFR flights during day; and
2. VFR flights about other VFR flights.
Class “F” Airspace
The Director shall classify as class “F” airspace that uncontrolled airspace where the Director con-
a. IFR flights receive an air traffic advisory service; and
b. all flights receive a flight information service if requested.
Glass “G” Airspace
Class “G” airspace is that uncontrolled airspace that is not class “F” airspace.
Transitional Provisions
The designation of—
a. the Papua New Guinea flight information region; and
b. visual reporting points; and
c. control areas; and
d. terminal control areas; and
e. upper control areas; and
f. control zones; and
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
g. airport traffic zones; and

h. mandatory broadcast zones; and
i. transponder mandatory airspace—
that existed immediately prior to Part 71 coming into effect shall be deemed to be airspace desig-
nated and notified, under and in accordance with Part 71 (not published herein).
Airspace VFR meteorological minima

Class of airspace Distance from cloud Flight visibility
2km horizontally
1000 feet vertically outside a
“C” control zone
500 feet vertically within a control 8km at or above 10,000 feet
zone AMSL
Above 3000 feet 5km below 10,000 feet AMSL

AMSL or 1000 feet 2km horizontally
above terrain which- 1000 feet vertically
ever is the higher
“F”
At or below 3000 feet
or 1000 feet above Clear of cloud and in sight of the
5km
the terrain whichever surface
is the higher
VFR minima at airports within a control zone

Ceiling Visibility
All aircraft Day and Night 1500 feet 5km
VFR minima at airports within an airport traffic zone or in uncontrolled airspace

Ceiling Visibility
All aircraft Day 600 feet 5km
All aircraft Night 1500 feet 8km
PHILIPPINES
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic within the Manila FIR conform to Annex
2 and Annex 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation to the Civil Aeronautics Act of the
Philippines (RA 776) and to appropriate national rules, to those portions of the Procedures for Air
Navigation Services – Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services applicable to aircraft and of the
Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the South East Asian and Pacific Region
except for the differences listed below.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation, position reporting, etc., gener- Nautical Miles and Tenths
ally in excess of 2 to 3 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relating to the aero- Meters
drome (e.g., runway lengths)
Altimeter setting Hectopascals or Inches of Mercury
Time Hours and Minutes UTC
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
Holding patterns shall be entered at or below the following indicated airspeeds:
Jet Aircraft
Levels Propeller Aircraft** Normal Conditions Turbulence Condi-
tions
Up to and including
6,000 ft. (1,850 me- 170 knots 210 knots 280 knots or 0.8 Mach
ters) which ever is less ***
PHILIPPINES
Jet Aircraft
Levels Propeller Aircraft** Normal Conditions Turbulence Condi-
tions
Above 6,000 ft (1,850
meters) up to including
170 knots 220 knots
14,000 ft. (4,250 me-
ters)
Above 14,000 ft (4,250
185 knots 240 knots
meters)
* The levels tabulated above represent ‘altitudes’ or corresponding ‘flight levels’ depending upon
the altimeter setting in use.
** Certain types of propeller aircraft may need to hold at higher speeds.
*** The speed of 280 knots (0.8 Mach) reserved for turbulence conditions shall be used for hold-
ing after prior clearance from ATC, unless the relevant publications indicate that the holding area
can accommodate aircraft flying at these high holding speeds.

Speed Limitations
Unless otherwise authorized by ATC, arriving aircraft speed within the Manila TMA shall not
exceed 250 kts IAS. If there is no need to apply the speed limitation, ATC shall inform the pilot
“No speed restriction required.”

The Philippines do not publish complete airport operating minimums for procedures based on
PANS-OPS. On these procedures the Philippines publishes Obstacle Clearance Altitudes
(Heights) [[OCA(H)]], visibility, and for selected procedures, ceiling.
DA or DH/(HAT), MDA/(HAT or HAA), ceiling and visibility are published for landing on proce-
dures designed to TERPS criteria at military airports.
Circling Approach Area
On procedures designed to TERPs criteria, the visual maneuvering area for a circling approach is
determined by arcs centered on each runway threshold and joining those arcs with tangent lines.
The radius of the arcs are related to the aircraft category as follows:
APPROACH CATEGORY RADIUS (NM)

A 1.3
B 1.5
PHILIPPINES

C 1.7
D 2.3
A minimum obstacle clearance of 300 ft is provided within the above circling approach areas.

The airspace in the Manila FIR has been classified in accordance with Appendix 4 of ICAO Annex
11.

The following RNAV routes within Manila FIR are RNP 10:
L625 M767
M772 N884
N892 W23
Z902 (Uni-Directional)
General aviation international flights shall file flight plans together with duly approved exit clearan-
ces at least two (2) hours prior to estimated time of departure.
TERMINAL DELAY
When requested by the pilot, an aircraft should, insofar as practicable, be authorized to absorb a
specified period of notified terminal delay by cruising at a reduced speed for the latter portion of
its flight. The specified period may be the whole or part of the notified terminal delay.
MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE (MNT)

Manila FIR
The ten (10) minutes longitudinal separation minima will permanently be employed between
turbo-jet aircraft with on-board area navigation capability in conjunction with Mach Number Tech-
niques on the following routes:
ROUTING FIR ENTRY/EXIT POINTS

A582 Tokyo-Naha/Manila Sakon/Sarsi
A590 Tokyo-Naha/Manila Guleg/Mupob
B462 Tokyo-Naha/Manila Myc VOR/Lao VOR
L628 Bangkok/Manila Menam/Ibobi
A461 Ujung Pandang/Manila Butpa/Zam VOR
PHILIPPINES
ROUTING FIR ENTRY/EXIT POINTS

B472 Ujung Pandang/Manila Torex/Cot VOR
A461 Hong Kong/Manila Noman/San VOR
A461 – W16 Hong Kong/Manila Noman/Tarem
A583 Hong Kong/Manila Sabno/Zam VOR
The longitudinal separation of 15 minutes shall remain applicable to aircraft not capable of area
navigation.
The Altimeter Setting Procedures in use in the Philippines generally conform to those contained n
ICAO Doc. 8168-OPS/311. Transition altitudes are given on the corresponding terminal charts.

ANNEX 2
2.1.1 These rules also apply to all aircraft of foreign registry operating within the Manila FIR and
within any other territory under the jurisdiction of the Philippines.
3.4.2 Upon observing or receiving any of the signals given in the table listed below, ground vehi-
cles and equipment operators not radio-equipped shall take action as may be required in the
interpretation of these signals while operating on the movement area of an aerodrome, specially
runways and taxiways.
Meaning
Color and Type of Signals
Movement of vehicles, equipment and personnel
Steady GREEN Cleared to cross, proceed, GO
Steady RED Stop
Series of RED flashes Clear the taxiway/runway
Series of WHITE flashes Return to starting point on the airport
Alternating RED & GREEN Exercise extreme caution
SAMOA
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic in Samoa territory conform to Annexes
2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to those portions of the Procedures
for Air Navigation Services – Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services applicable to aircraft and of
the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the PAC region.
(either SI or Non-SI). The following table of units will be used by aeronautical stations for air and
ground operations.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
etc.
Altitudes, and heights Feet
Speed including wind speed Knots
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on those contained in the
latest edition of ICAO Doc 8168 — Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Aircraft Operations
(PANS-OPS).

Traffic above FL245 entering the Samoa Sector of the Auckland Oceanic FIR arriving at Faleolo
can expect descent clearance when traffic permits to FL250 from Auckland Oceanic on HF/VHF.
Contact instructions will be passed on HF prior to FL250.
Traffic below FL245 entering the Samoa Sector of the Auckland Oceanic FIR from adjacent air-
space, will be advised by ATS on HF contact instructions prior to the boundary. Faleolo will pro-
vide air traffic services below FL245 outside controlled airspace within the Samoa Sector of the
Auckland Oceanic FIR during hours of watch. Auckland Oceanic will be responsible for the provi-
sion of air traffic services at any time when Faleolo Tower is off watch.
Aircraft speed shall not exceed 250kt IAS below 10,000 ft AMSL.

Decision Altitude (Height) [DA(H)], Minimum Descent Altitude (Height) [MDA(H)] and visibility are
published for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for take-off and alternate.
Jeppesen published minimums are not below State minimums.
SAMOA

Within Samoan airspace ICAO standard airspaces and procedures are applicable.
The area of responsibility for providing air traffic services is Samoa Sector of Auckland Oceanic
FIR.

Aircraft departing from Faleolo for levels above FL245 can expect their ATC clearance via Faleolo
Tower prior to start. HF contact instructions will be passed on by Faleolo Tower after departure.
During hours of watch Faleolo will provide air traffic services below FL245 outside controlled air-
space within the Samoa Sector of the Auckland Oceanic FIR.
Flights by night and flights to points more than 100 NM from land must be conducted in accord-
ance with IFR (even when not operating in IMC).
If a pilot deviates from the centerline of a route, or if the performance of the radio navigation facili-
ties are such that accurate track keeping may not be possible, the pilot must immediately advise
ATS.
QFE altimeter settings are not available.

None published.
SOLOMON IS
GENERAL
In general, the Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Service procedures in force and the organization of
air traffic services are in conformity with ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Proce-
dures.
Units of measurement used in air/ground operations, Air Traffic Services messages and NOTAM
are as listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation (generally in excess of 2 Nautical Miles and Tenths
NM
NOTE: The word “nautical” may be omitted. The term
“miles” means nautical miles unless otherwise stated.
Short distances such as those relating to aerodromes Meters
Altitudes, heights and elevations Feet
Horizontal speed Knots
Wind direction for all other purposes Degrees True
Time Hours and Minutes, the day of 24 hours
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
MAXIMUM SPEEDS
Up to and including FL140 170 KIAS CAT A&B
230 KIAS
Above FL140 to FL200 240 KIAS
Above FL200 265 KIAS
SOLOMON IS
Above the highest MSA in turbulent conditions, speed may be increased to the lesser of 280 KIAS
or Mach 0.8.
NOTE: Certain types of propeller-driven aircraft may need to hold at higher speeds.

Instrument approach procedures with published OCA(H)s are designed to those contained in the
PANS-OPS, Document 8168, Volume II.
Instrument approach procedures with published OCLs are designed on an earlier version of
PANS-OPS, Document 8168.
The 80 degrees/260 degrees procedure turn may be flown in lieu of the 45 degrees/180 degrees
procedure turn unless specifically precluded by note.
Radar service is not provided within the Honiara FIR.

The Solomon Is publishes Obstacle Clearance Altitudes (Heights) [OCA(H)] or Obstacle Clear-
ance Limits (OCLs) for landing.
Departure
Before departing from any unattended aerodrome in the Solomon Is, all aircraft shall report when
taxiing to the Honiara FIC and advise of destination or intentions and runway to be used.
Except at Honiara/Henderson and Munda, aircraft which are unable to establish communication
with Honiara FIC prior to take-off may commence the flight but shall report before proceeding:
a. higher than 1,500 feet above aerodrome elevation;
b. beyond 5 NM from the aerodrome; or
c. in cloud.

Controlled airspace (Class “A”) exists in the Honiara FIR between FL245 and FL600. Air traffic
control services are provided in this airspace.
Uncontrolled airspace (Class “G”) exists within the Honiara FIR below FL245. Flight information
and alerting services are provided below FL245.

All operations within the Honiara FIR require flight information based on full radio reporting. Air-
craft which transit Honiara FIR are required to be capable of two way communication with Honiara
Flight Information Centre (FIC) at all times. Aircraft arriving Honiara which cannot comply with this
requirement will be held on the ground until the necessary repairs to the radio have been carried
out.
SOLOMON IS
Aircraft which plan to transit the airspace north of 3° South at any time should, in addition to
establishing communications with Honiara FIS, also attempt to establish communications with
Oakland on HF prior to entering the airspace.
Because the transition altitudes in adjacent FIRs differ from that established in the Solomon Is,
aircraft may be required to effect transition from altitudes to flight levels or vice versa when
departing or entering the Honiara FIR. Such transitions between flight levels and altitudes shall be
made at the FIR boundary.
Night flying facilities are not normally available at aerodromes apart from Honiara/Henderson.
Therefore operations are restricted to the hours between morning and evening twilight. Pilots-in-
command must plan their flight to arrive at their destination in sufficient time to divert to an alter-
nate aerodrome and to land at the alternate within the published hours of availability.
Unless specifically authorized by the Director, VFR flight is not permitted at night.
ALTIMETRY
The Honiara Fir is divided into three area ONH Zones. The lines of division run North/South along
the E 159 degrees and E 163 degrees meridians. The zones are designated, from the West, as
Western, Honiara and Temotu QNH Zones. Cruising altitudes at and below the transition altitude
are based on the Area QNH available through Honiara FIC. Area ONH reports are made at 1900,
2200, 0100, 0400 and 0700 UTC and are valid for the succeeding three hour period.
REQUIRED NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE (RNP)

Required Navigation Performance (RNP) is implemented throughout Solomon Islands airspace.
Aircraft with an RNP4 or RNP10 approval will be afforded appropriate separation based on noti-
fied RNP capability. An RNP approval is obtained from the State of Registry or State of the opera-
tor, as appropriate.
Where aircraft are approved to either RNP4 or RNP10, the operator must indicate that the aircraft
is so approved and equipped by annotating “R” in Item 10 (Equipment) of the flight notification. In
addition, operators must annotate “Z” in item 10 and specify in item 18 of the flight notification the
actual RNP approval type, by annotating either “NAV/RNP4” or “NAV/RNP10”, as appropriate.
Aircraft meeting RNP4 or RNP10 criteria may be afforded priority over aircraft not meeting such
criteria, subject to traffic disposition.
ATC apply separation minima based on a flight’s notified navigational approval status. Therefore,
pilots must notify ATC when operating with reduced navigation performance. The following apply:
a. Operating With One Long Range Navigation System (LRNS). The pilot must notify ATC
whenever the aircraft is operating with a single LRNS and continue as cleared by ATC.
b. Aircraft Not Navigating to the Notified RNP. The pilot must notify ATC that the aircraft can
no longer navigate to the notified RNP.
c. Loss of All Aircraft LRNSs. The pilot should follow the contingency procedures published
in ICAO Regional Supplementary Procedures (Doc 7030).
SOLOMON IS

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
APPENDIX 1
3 No Prohibited or Danger areas exist, so no signals are prescribed to warn aircraft to their prox-
imity to such areas.
4.1 Pyrotechnics are not used.
4.2 The only ground signal used is a white cross adjacent to the wind direction indicator, indicat-
ing that the aerodrome is completely unserviceable; or white crosses marking a particular area as
unfit for use by an aircraft.
PANS-RAC (Doc 444)

PART II
12.3.5 QFE altimeter setting is not provided.
TONGA
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic in Tonga territory conform to Annexes
2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to those portions of the Procedures
for Air Navigation Services — Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services applicable to aircraft and of
the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the PAC region.
Units of measurement are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) adopted as
standard in ICAO Annex 5. The Annex also specifies non-SI units for permanent use and alter-
nate units for temporary use. The table of units shown below will be used by aeronautical stations
in Tonga for air and ground operations.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, Nautical Miles and Tenths
etc.
Altitudes and heights Feet
Speed, including wind speed Knots
Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used by air navigation services. Local time in Tonga is UTC
+13 hours.
WGS – 84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on those contained in the
latest edition of ICAO Doc 8168 — Procedures for Air Navigation Services — Aircraft Operations
(PANS-OPS).

Tonga publishes MDA(H) and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for take-off
and alternate.

Within the Auckland Oceanic and Nadi FIR ICAO standard airspaces and procedures are applica-
ble.
Class A — TMA and CTA

IFR flights are permitted and all flights are subject to air traffic control services. IFR flights are
separated from other IFR flights.
TONGA
Class C — CTR, TMA and CTA

IFR and VFR are permitted and flights that are subject to air traffic control services are as follows:
Separation is required between:
a. IFR flights;
b. IFR and VFR flights;
c. IFR and special VFR flights; and
d. Special VFR flights when the flight visibility is reported to be less than 5km.
Class G — Elsewhere
IFR and VFR flights are permitted and receive flight information service if requested.

Within the Tonga Sector of the Auckland Oceanic FIR, flights must be conducted in accordance
with the instrument flight rules (even if not operating in instrument meteorological conditions),
when operating more than 100NM seawards from the shoreline in controlled airspace.
CARRIAGE OF ACAS II
All turbine-engine aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 5,700kg or
authorised to carry more than 19 passengers shall be equipped with an airborne collision avoid-
ance system (ACAS II).
CARRIAGE OF A PRESSURE-ALTITUDE REPORTING TRANSPONDER

All aeroplanes in the Fua'amotu TMA and the Fua'amotu CTR shall be equipped with a pressure-
altitude reporting transponder which operates in accordance with the relevant provisions of ICAO
Annex 10, Volume IV.

None published.
TUVALU
GENERAL
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, Nautical Miles and tenths
etc.
ing to airports (e.g., runway lengths)
Visibility Statute miles and fractions
in meters.
Runway visual range Hundreds of feet
Altimeter setting Inches of mercury
Mass (Weight) Pounds
Volume US gallons
UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Maximum holding speeds generally comply with Table IV-1-2, published on AIR TRAFFIC CON-
TROL — International Civil Aviation Organization Flight Procedures. Except, unless otherwise
published:
a. jet maximum speeds in the table are only applicable for enroute holding.
TUVALU
b. at all aerodromes, holding speeds are limited to those published for propeller aircraft; i.e., up
to and including FL 140 – 170 KIAS, above FL 140 – 175 KIAS. However, where terrain or
other circumstances dictate, a specific speed limitation for holding is depicted on the instru-
ment approach chart.
Aircraft unable to comply with the holding speed restrictions are to advise ATC and request clear-

8168, Volume II.

Tuvalu publishes MDA(H) and visibility for landing. Ceiling and visibility are published for take-off
and alternate.

Within the Aukland Oceanic and Nadi FIR ICAO standard airspaces and procedures are applica-
ble.

Aircraft in flight over the high seas within the Nadi FIR must operate in accordance with the provi-
sions of ICAO Annex 2. Flights must be conducted in accordance with IFR (even when not oper-
ating in IMC) when operating more than 100 NM seawards from the shoreline within controlled
airspace.
If an aircraft on a long over-water flight has inadvertently deviated from the route specified in the
ATC clearance, immediate action must be taken to regain the route. Action shall not be delayed in
anticipation of a re-clearance being obtained.
Where the aerodrome of departure or destination is not within a QNH zone, aircraft must use the
appropriate aerodrome QNH when at or below 11,000' within 100 NM of the shoreline of the land
mass on which the departure or destination aerodrome is situated.

None published.
VANUATU
GENERAL
In general, the air traffic rules and procedures in force and the organization of air traffic services
are in conformity with ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures.
Vanuatu ATS provides Air Traffic Control, Flight Information Service and Alerting Service within
the Port Vila Sector of the Nadi FIR Surface to FL245.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting, etc., gen- Nautical Miles and Tenths
erally in excess of 2 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relating to aero- Meters
Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24
hours beginning at midnight UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures comply with Table IV-1-2, published on AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL — Interna-
tional Civil Aviation Organization Flight Procedures.

Instrument approach procedures are designed on those contained in PANS-OPS, Document
8168, Volume II.
Procedure Speeds
Except when other speeds are published, the Handling Speeds contained in AIR TRAFFIC CON
TROL pages series 200, Table III-1-1 apply with the exception that Intermediate maximum missed
approach speeds are not applicable. The maximum speeds for Final missed approach apply.
VANUATU
Visual Reference — Descent Below Minimum Altitude or Minimum Descent Altitude

Pilots carrying out an instrument approach at night may continue descent below minimum altitude,
minimum descent altitude or decision altitude, provided that the circling guidance lighting and/or
approach lighting and aerodrome lighting is in sight and can be maintained. At Port Vila/Bauerfield
it is acceptable to have only the circling guidance lights and runway threshold lights in sight as it is
not always possible to see all the runway lights until turning onto final approach due to adjacent
tall trees and bush.
Speed Restrictions
To facilitate the control of aircraft, general speed restrictions are applied in the vicinity of aero-
dromes and during procedural maneuvers as shown on instrument approach charts. Such restric-
tions are applied to conserve airspace, improve separation and facilitate procedural arrivals and
departures.
Unless lower speeds are published, aircraft speed shall not exceed 250 KIAS below 10,000'.

Vanuatu publishes Minimum Descent Altitude (Height) [MDA(H)] and visibility for landing. Ceiling
and visibility are published for take-off and alternate.

Vanuatu airspace within the Port Vila Sector is designated in accordance with ICAO airspaces as
follows:
Class “D” — All the airspace FL95 - FL245, and the Vila TMA and CTR (1930-0730 UTC);
Class “G” — Uncontrolled airspace surface to FL95 and, the Vila TMA and CTR airspace outside
the operational hours of Vila ATC.

Flight plans must be submitted at least 30 minutes prior to departure.
Flights shall be conducted in accordance with the instrument flight rules, even when not operating
in IMC, when operated at more than 100 NM seaward from the shoreline.

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
4.1 Minimum Visual Flight Conditions (VMC) are as shown in the table below.
VANUATU
VISUAL FLIGHT CONDITIONS

CLASS “D” AIRSPACE CLASS “G” AIRSPACE
Above At or Below
3000 ft above mean sea level; or,
1000 ft above terrain, whichever is higher
Flight Visibility 8 km 8 km 1500m (Note 1)
Distance from
cloud:
Horizontal 1 mile (1500m) 1 mile (1500m) Clear of clouds and in
Vertical 1000 ft (Note 2) 1000 ft (Note 2) sight of ground or wa-
ter
NOTE 1: Except that helicopters may operate with a flight visibility below 1500m, clear of clouds
and in sight of the ground or water, if maneuvered at speed that will give adequate opportunity to
observe other traffic or any obstructions in time to avoid collision.
NOTE 2: Except that in a controlled aerodrome traffic circuit aircraft may fly closer vertically to
cloud than 1000 ft to conform to normal circuit height (Special VFR).
US PAC TERRITORIES
GENERAL
In general, the air traffic rules and procedures in force and the organization of the air traffic serv-
ices are in conformity with ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures.
Flights shall operate in accordance with the provisions of Annex 2, and the procedures detailed in
ICAO Annexes and Documents shall apply except, over United States Territories, Federal Avia-
tion Regulations, control procedures and definitions apply.
UNITED STATES TERRITORIES IN THE PACIFIC ICAO REGION

American Samoa
Guam
Johnston Atoll
Midway I
Northern Mariana Is
Wake I
INDEPENDENT STATES WITH FREE ASSOCIATION

Marshall Is (Republic of Marshall Islands)
Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia)
Palau (Republic of Palau)
Units of measurement used in the dissemination of aeronautical information within the United
States FAA designated airspaces.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, Nautical Miles and Tenths
etc., generally in excess of 2 to 3 NM
ing to an aerodrome (e.g., runway lengths)
Visibility, including runway visual range Statute Miles or Feet
Altimeter setting Inches of Mercury
Temperature Degrees Fahrenheit
US PAC TERRITORIES
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Weight Pounds
Time Hours and Minutes, the day of 24 hours begin-
ning at midnight UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures comply with Jeppesen ATC – Chapter “Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) –
Holding Procedures”, Table IV-1-3, Holding Speeds Per U.S. FAA Regulations.
Pilot Action
Start speed reduction when three (3) minutes or less from the holding fix. Cross the holding fix,
initially, at or below the maximum holding speed.
Make all turns during entry and while holding at:
a. 3° per second; or
b. 30° bank angle; or
c. 25° bank provided a flight director system is used;
whichever requires the least bank angle.
Compensate for wind effect primarily by drift correction on the inbound and outbound legs. When
outbound, triple the inbound drift correction to avoid major turning adjustments; e.g., if correcting
left by 8° when inbound, correct right by 24° when outbound.

Instrument approach procedures are based on the United States Standards for Terminal Proce-
dures (TERPS) criteria.
Procedure Turns
Where 45°/180° procedure turns are published, the point at which the turn may be commenced
and the type and rate of turn is left to the discretion of the pilot. Options to the 45°/180° procedure
turn are:
a. the racetrack pattern;
b. the 80°/260° course reversal;
c. the teardrop procedure turn.
Some procedure turns are specified by procedural track. These turns must be flown exactly as
depicted.
NOTE: When a teardrop procedure turn is depicted, and a course reversal is required, this type
turn must be executed.
US PAC TERRITORIES
When the approach involves a procedure turn, a maximum speed of not more than 200 KIAS
should be observed and the turn executed within the distance specified in the profile view.
Circling Approach Area
The visual maneuvering area for a circling approach is determined by arcs centered on each
runway threshold and joining those arcs with tangent lines. The radius of the arcs is related to the
aircraft category as follows:

A 1.3
B 1.5
C 1.7
D 2.3
E 4.5
A minimum obstacle clearance of 300 feet is provided within the circling approach area.
Aircraft Speeds
Unless otherwise authorized by the FAA Administrator, no person may operate an aircraft below
10,000 feet MSL at an indicated airspeed of more than 250 kt (288 m.p.h.).
Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, no person may operate an aircraft within Class
B, C, or D surface area at an indicated airspeed of more than 200 kt (230 m.p.h.). This does not
apply to operations within Class B airspace. Such operations shall comply with preceding para-
graph in this section.
No person may operate an aircraft in the airspace underlying Class B airspace, or in a VFR corri-
dor designated through Class B airspace, at an indicated airspeed of more than 200 kt (230
m.p.h.).
If the minimum safe airspeed for any operation is greater than the maximum speed prescribed in
this section, the aircraft may be operated at that minimum speed.
GPS Overlay Program
The GPS Approach Overlay Program is an authorization for pilots to use GPS avionics under IFR
for flying designated nonprecision instrument approach procedures, except LOC, LDA, and simpli-
fied directional facility (SDF) procedures. These procedures are now identified by the name of the
procedure and “or GPS” (e.g., VOR/DME or GPS RWY 15). Other previous types of overlays
have either been converted to this format or replaced with stand-alone procedures. Only
approaches contained in the current onboard navigation database are authorized. The navigation
database may contain information about nonoverlay approach procedures that is intended to be
used to enhance position orientation, generally by providing a map, while flying these approaches
using conventional NAVAIDs. This approach information should not be confused with a GPS
overlay approach.
US PAC TERRITORIES
GPS IFR Equipment Classes/Categories

Class A — GPS sensor and navigation capability;
Class B — GPS sensor data to an integrated navigation system (i.e., FMS, multisensor naviga-
tion system, etc.);
Class C — GPS sensor data to an integrated navigation system (i.e., FMS, multisensor naviga-
tion system, etc.); which provides enhanced guidance to an autopilot, or flight director, to reduce
flight technical errors. Limited to FAR Part 121 or equivalent criteria.
Equipment Classes A1, B1 and C1 require Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM).
Classes B3 and C3 require an inertial navigation system to provide RAIM equivalent.

The United States publishes DH/(HAT), MDA/(HAT or HAA) and visibility for landing. Visibility
and, for selected runways/locations, ceiling is published for take-off. Ceiling and visibility are pub-
lished for alternate at civil airports.
PILOT CONTROLLED LIGHTING (PCL)

Radio control of lighting is available at selected airports to provide airborne control of lights by
keying the aircraft’s microphone. The control system consists of a 3-step control responsive to 7,
5, and/or 3 microphone clicks. The 3-step and 2-step lighting facilities can be altered in intensity.
All lighting is illuminated for a period of 15 minutes (except for 1-step and 2-step REILs which may
be turned off by keying the mike 5 or 3 times, respectively).
Suggested use is to initially key the mike 7 times; this assures that all controlled lights are turned
on to the maximum available intensity. If desired, adjustment can then be made, where the capa-
bility is provided, to a lower intensity (or the REIL turned off) by keying the mike 5 and/or 3 times.
Radio controlled lighting receivers may be set at a low sensitivity requiring the aircraft to be rela-
tively close to activate the system. Consequently, even when lights are on, always key mike as
directed when overflying an airport of intended landing or just prior to entering the final segment of
an approach. This will assure the aircraft is close enough to activate the system and a full 15
minutes of lighting duration is available.
Approved lighting systems may be activated by keying the mike as indicated in the following table:
KEY MIKE FUNCTION

7 times within 5 seconds Highest intensity available
5 times within 5 seconds Medium or Lower intensity (Lower REIL or RE-
IL-Off)
3 times within 5 seconds Lowest intensity available (Lower REIL or RE-
IL-Off)
US PAC TERRITORIES

OFFSHORE AIRSPACE AREAS
Offshore airspace areas are designated over international waters between the United States terri-
torial limits and the adjoining CTAs/FIRs to ensure proper transition between domestic and oce-
anic controlled airspace and procedures. United States domestic procedures are applied in off-
shore airspace areas to both VFR and IFR aircraft using ATC services.
SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE

Special use airspace consists of airspace wherein activities must be confined because of their
nature, or wherein limitations are imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those
activities.
Restricted Areas
Airspace within which the flight of aircraft while not wholly prohibited, is subject to restrictions.
Restricted areas denote the existence of unusual, often invisible, hazards such as artillery firing,
aerial gunnery, or guided missiles. Penetration of restricted areas without authorization from the
using or controlling agency may be extremely hazardous to aircraft and its occupants.
Warning Areas
A warning area is airspace of defined dimensions, extending from three nautical miles outward
from the coast of the U.S., that contains activity that may be hazardous to nonparticipating air-
craft. The purpose of such warning areas is to warn nonparticipating pilots of the potential danger.
A warning area may be located over domestic or international waters or both.

GENERAL
Flight plans are required on all flights to any United States Territory of the Pacific Is.
VFR is not permitted between sunset and sunrise.
Flights shall be conducted in accordance with IFR (even when not in IMC) when operated more
than 100 NM seawards from the shoreline within controlled airspace.
ALTIMETRY
Within the Samoa QNH zone, when at or below 11,000 feet, aircraft must maintain vertical posi-
tion by reference to the appropriate zone QNH, except that aircraft landing or taking off or operat-
ing within a CTR must use the appropriate aerodrome QNH.
REDUCED VERTICAL SEPARATION MINIMUMS

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM – 1000 foot vertical separation between RVSM
approved aircraft) may be applied within the Oakland Oceanic FIR between FL290 and FL410.
Aircraft operating within this airspace between FL290 and FL410 require RVSM approval. RVSM
vertical separation will be based on the equipment qualifier filed by the aircraft. The operators
shall determine that the appropriate state authority has approved the aircraft and the aircraft will
US PAC TERRITORIES
meet the RVSM requirements for the filed route of flight and any planned alternate routes. The
letter “W” in field 10 (equipment) of the ICAO standard flight plan indicates RVSM approved air-
craft.
MACH NUMBER TECHNIQUE

Anchorage Oceanic CTA/FIR
MNT applicable on all overwater routes within the Anchorage Oceanic CTA/FIR. Standard longitu-
dinal separation is 15 minutes.
Longitudinal separation between turbojet aircraft when the MNT is applied:
a. 10 minutes provided:
1. the aircraft concerned have reported over a common point and follow the same track or
continuously diverging tracks until some other form of separation is provided; or
2. if the aircraft have not reported over a common point, it is possible to ensure, by radar
or other means approved by the State, that the appropriate time interval will exist at the
common point from which they either follow the same track or continuously diverging
tracks; or
b. Between 9 and 5 minutes inclusive; provided:
1. it is possible to ensure by radar or other means approved by the State, that the required
time interval will exist at the common point from which the aircraft either follow the same
track or continuously diverging tracks; and
2. the preceding aircraft is maintaining a Mach number respectively between Mach 0.02
and Mach 0.06 greater than the following aircraft.
Nadi FIR
RVSM (1000 ft) separation is available to approved aircraft operating from FL290 to FL410 within
the Nadi FIR.
Oakland Oceanic CTA/FIR
MNT may be applied on all routes within the Oakland Oceanic CTA/FIR.
Longitudinal separation between turbojet aircraft when the MNT is applied:
a. 10 minutes provided:
1. the aircraft concerned have reported over a common point and follow the same track or
continuously diverging tracks until some other form of separation is provided; or
2. if the aircraft have not reported over a common point, it is possible to ensure, by radar
or other means approved by the State, that the appropriate time interval will exist at the
common point from which they either follow the same track or continuously diverging
tracks; or
b. Between 9 and 5 minutes inclusive; provided:
US PAC TERRITORIES
1. it is possible to ensure by radar or other means approved by the State, that the required
time interval will exist at the common point from which the aircraft either follow the same
track or continuously diverging tracks; and
2. the preceding aircraft is maintaining a Mach number respectively between Mach 0.02
and Mach 0.06 greater than the following aircraft.

ICAO REFERENCE
DEFINITIONS
Estimated Off-block Time — The United States uses the term “estimated departure time” for
Instrument and Visual Meteorological Conditions — United States ATS units use the phrase
“IFR conditions” and “VFR conditions”.
Repetitive Flight Plan (RPL) — The United States uses the term “Stored Flight Plan” for domes-
tic operations.
Surface Area — The airspace contained by the lateral boundary of the Class “D” or “E” airspace
designated for an airport that begins at the surface and extends upward.
Total Estimated Elapsed Time — The United States uses the term “estimated time enroute” for
ANNEX 2
3.2.5 Operations on and in the Vicinity of an Aerodrome
Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, no person may operate an aircraft within a Class
B, C or D surface area except for the purpose of landing at, or taking off, from an airport within
that area.
In addition, no person may, within a Class B, C or D surface area operate an aircraft to, from, or
on an airport having a control tower operated by the United States unless two-way radio commu-
nications are maintained between that aircraft and the control tower.
3.3.1.2.2 The United States requires that domestic flight plans be submitted at least thirty
minutes before departure. For International flights, the United States recommends that they be
transmitted so that they are received by ATC authorities in each FIR to be entered, at least two
hours prior to entry, unless otherwise provided in that State’s requirements.
4.2 In the U.S., no person may operate an aircraft beneath the ceiling under VFR within the lat-
eral boundaries of controlled airspace designated to the surface for an airport when the ceiling is
less than 1,000 feet. No person may take-off or land an aircraft (other than a helicopter) under
special VFR (SVFR) unless ground visibility is at least 1 statute mile or if ground visibility is not
reported, unless flight visibility is at least 1 statute mile.
The U.S. restricts the ceiling to 1,000 feet and ground visibility of 3 miles and greater.
US PAC TERRITORIES
Further differences which exist by virtue of the fact that the Annex contains no comparable stand-
ards for the U.S. national regulations.
a. The regulations covering the selection and use of alternate airports in respect to ceiling and
visibility minima, require that:
Unless otherwise authorized by the FAA Administrator, no person may include an alternate
airport in an IFR flight plan unless current weather forecasts indicate that, at the estimated
time of arrival at the alternate airport, the ceiling and visibility at that airport will be at or
above the alternate airport weather minima.
b. Operation under IFR in Class A, B, C, D, or E airspace malfunction reports:
1. The pilot-in-command of each aircraft operated in Class A, B, C, D or E airspace under
IFR shall report as soon as practical to ATC any malfunctions of navigational, approach,
or communication equipment occurring in flight.
2. In each report the pilot-in-command shall include:
(a) aircraft identification.
(b) equipment affected.
(c) degree to which the capability of the pilot to operate under IFR in the ATC system
is impaired; and
(d) nature and extent of assistance desired from ATC.
Appendix 1 — Signals, 4.1.1
The flashing white signal to aircraft in flight, meaning “Land at this aerodrome and proceed to
apron” is not used in the United States.
In addition, the alternating red and green signal to aircraft on the ground or in flight means “Exer-
cise extreme caution”.
Air Traffic Control
State Rules and Procedures - Far

East
STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - FAR EAST 1118
CAMBODIA
GENERAL
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting,
Nautical Miles and Tenths
etc., generally in excess of 2 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relat-
Meters
Time Hours and minutes, beginning at midnight UTC
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
Instrument approach procedures are based on those contained in PANS-OPS, Document 8168,
Volume II.

Cambodia publishes Minimum Descent Altitude (Height) [[MDA(H)]] and visibility for landing. Visi-
bility is published for takeoff. OCA(H) equivalent to the MDA(H) is also published.
CAMBODIA

SUSPENSION OF RVSM
Air traffic services will consider suspending RVSM procedures within affected areas of the
PHNOM PENH FIR when there are pilot reports of greater than moderate turbulence. Within
areas where RVSM procedures are suspended, the vertical separation minimum between all air-
craft will be 2,000 ft.
In the assignment of levels, aircraft operating on the six major RNAV routes (viz L642, M771,
N892, L625, N884 and M767) would have priority. Aircraft operating on routes that cross the six
major routes would be assigned levels, subject to coordination with the affected FIRs.

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
3.3 Flight plans required for all flights.
INDONESIA
GENERAL
Aircraft in flight or operating on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome shall comply with the gen-
eral flight rules applicable to the operation of aircraft (Annex 2). Additionally, aircraft in flight shall
comply with the Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) or the Visual Flight Rules (VFR). An aircraft operat-
ing between the hours of Sunset and Sunrise, irrespective of weather conditions, shall comply
with IFR Requirements.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation Nautical Miles
Relatively short distances (e.g., runway
Meters
lengths)
Visibility Meters and Kilometers
Mass Kilograms, Metric Tons
Time Hours and minutes
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
Holding, approach and departure procedures are based on those contained in ICAO Doc 8168
OPS/611 (PANS-OPS).

ATS airspaces are classified and designated in accordance with ICAO ATS Airspace Classifica-
tions – Annex 11.
INDONESIA

RVSM was implemented within the Jakarta FIR and Ujung Pandang FIR. Flight level assignments
are in accordance with the IFR Table of cruising Levels at Appendix 3(a) of ICAO Annex 2, or as
otherwise instructed by ATC within surveillance environment by means of either Radar Coverage
or Position Information.
For operation within designated airspace where RNP-10 is required, aircraft should be equipped
with at least two independent and serviceable Long Range Navigation Systems (LRNS) compris-
ing INS, IRS/FMS or GPS. In addition, the navigation systems must be shown to be capable of
meeting RNP-10 for the entire route of flight where RNP-10 is specified.
The following RNAV routes within Jakarta FIR are RNP 10:
L511 M300 N752

L764 N563 P570
L895 N646 P574
Indonesia has issued a notice of intent to implement GNSS within Jakarta FIR and Ujung Pan-
dang FIR as the primary means of navigation for enroute, and secondary means of navigation for
terminal and non precision approaches.
All flights within an ATZ, CTR or TMA require an ATC clearance. Aircraft which will enter, cross or
operate within an ATZ, CTR or TMA shall call airport/approach control approximately 15 minutes
prior to the appropriate boundary.
QFE altimeter settings are available on request but reports to ATC will be made in altitudes.
ADS-C/CPDLC PROCEDURE FOR UJUNG PANDANG FIR

Area/Route Operation
ADS-C/CPDLC services will initially be available to FANS-1/A package aircraft within Ujung Pan-
dang FIR on international routes.
Separation
50 NM minimum separation can be applied within Ujung Pandang FIR — base on DCPC and
ADS-C surveillance.
The AFN (ATS Facilities Notification) Logon
Before ADS-C/CPDLC connection can be established the aircraft must “LOGON” to be ground
system. This process is achieved via the ATS Facility Notification (AFN) LOGON process.
This process is initiated by the pilot in accordance with the company procedure. The call sign to
be used for AFN LOGON in the filled flight identifier which is the 3 alphabetic character airline
identification followed by up to 4 numeric without any leading zeroes.
The AFN LOGON for Ujung Pandang FIR is WAAF.
The AFN LOGON is a prerequisite to any CPDLC or ADS-C connection.
INDONESIA
The AFN LOGON serves the following purpose:

To provide an Air Traffic Services Unit (ATSU) with the data link application context of the aircraft,
namely:
a. The ATS data link application supported on board (CPDLC, ADS-C).
b. Their version numbers, and
c. The associated addresses (in the FANS-1/A context, these are the ACARS addresses
unique to each aircraft).
To provide an ATS with information such as the flight identification and registration number.
To allow ATSU to establish both ADS-C and DPDLC connection, where applicable.
Data link — equipped aircraft from adjacent FIRs entering the airspace of the Ujung Pandang FIR
where data link services are not provided is required to manually LOGON at between 15 and 30
minutes before the Pilot's estimate for entering Ujung Pandang FIR.
Data link — equipped aircraft entering the boundary of the Ujung Pandang FIR at any point, is
required to send ADS-C/CPDLC position report message.
Data link — equipped aircraft departing from aerodrome within the Ujung Pandang FIR and
expecting to transit the airspace where data link service are provided, should LOGON prior to the
departure. Pilots who are unable to establish a data link connection are to inform ATC on VHF or
HF RTF.
Termination of Data Link Services
FANS-1/A package aircraft the Ujung Pandang FIR shall be informed that data link services are
terminated via the uplink message DATA LINK SERVICES TERMINATED CONTRACT [ICAO
unit name][frequency]. The aircraft is to response to this message with a ROGER after which and
END SERVICES shall be uplinked to terminate the CPDLC connection.
AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

The States of the ICAO Asia/Pacific Region within the Bay of Bengal, South Asia and Pakistan
airspace have implemented automated Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) service under the
auspices of the ICAO Bay of Bengal ATS Coordination Group - ATFM Task Force.
ATFM services are provided by Aeronautical Radio of Thailand LTO (AEROTHAI) from the Bang-
kok Air Traffic Flow Management Unit (ATFMU) at Bangkok ACC. ATFM services will be limited to
calculation, promulgation and management of mandatory Allocated Wheels Up Time (AWUT) and
Kabul FIR flight level, ATS route and entry fix time for each affected flight.
The ATFMU utilizes the automated, web based Bay of Bengal Cooperative ATFM System
(BOBCAT) system in meeting its ATFM responsibilities. These responsibilities will be managed in
coordination with aircraft operators and Indonesia ATC in the Jakarta / Ujung Pandang FIRs.
All affected flights are required to submit slot requests to the BOBCAT system by logging onto
https://www.bobcat.aero between 0001 UTC and 1200 UTC on day of flight and completing the
electronic templates provided.
INDONESIA

None published.
JAPAN
GENERAL
In general, the rules of the air and the air traffic services procedures are in conformity with ICAO
Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures.
Units of measurement used in air and ground communications are as listed in the following table
(other aeronautical purposes).
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, etc., gen- Nautical Miles and Tenths (Kilome-
erally in excess of 2 to 3 nautical miles ters)
Relatively short distances such as those relating to air- Meters (Feet)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet (Meters)
Horizontal speed including wind speed Knots (Miles per Hour, Horizontal),
(Kilometers per Hour, Wind speed)
Vertical speed Feet per Minute
Visibility, including runway visual range Meters
Altimeter setting Inches of Mercury (Hectopascals on
Request)
Temperature Degrees Celsius (Degrees Fahren-
heit)
Weight Metric Tons or Kilograms (Pounds)
Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24 hrs
beginning at midnight UTC.
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Hold at published maximum holding airspeeds (IAS). If no holding airspeed is published or
instructed by ATC, pilot shall hold at the maximum airspeed listed in each table below.
JAPAN
Holding fix charted overhead navigation aid

Altitude or FL PROP JET
Normal Turbulence
MHA-6,000 ft 170 kts 210 kts 280 kts or Mach 0.8

Whichever is lower
6,001 ft-14,000 ft 170 kts 220 kts
above 14,000 ft 175 kts 240 kts
Holding fix except overhead navigation aid (DME fix intersection, etc.)
Altitude or FL Normal Turbulence
MHA-6000 ft 200 kts
280 kts or Mach 0.8 whichev-
6001 ft-14,000 ft 230 kts
er lower
above 14,000 ft 265 kts

The basic standards for instrument approach procedures applied to aircraft operating under
instrument flight are based primarily on those contained in ICAO Doc 8168/611/2 and those in the
United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Approach Procedures (TERPS), taking into con-
sideration the geographical circumstances of each airport.
Contact Approach
When requested by the pilot and ground visibility is at least 1500m, ATC may clear an aircraft,
traffic permitting, for a Contact Approach.
A Contact Approach may be executed when the pilot has the airport in sight, can maintain visual
reference with the terrain: and
a. the reported ceiling is at or above the initial approach level for the aircraft so cleared; or
b. the flight visibility at the initial approach level and at any other time during the approach is
greater than 1500m; and the pilot is reasonably assured that a landing can be accomplished
safely.
When requesting approval for a Contact Approach the pilot should notify the Control Tower of
intentions as to making a straight-in approach, or a circling approach, to include the direction of
turn.
Speed Limitations
Aircraft shall not be operated within a control zone at or below 900m (3000 ft) above MSL at a
speed of more than:
a. Reciprocating engine aircraft – 160 KIAS
b. Turbine powered aircraft – 200 KIAS
JAPAN
Aircraft will not be operated within an approach control area at or below 3000m (10,000 ft) above
MSL or a control zone above 900m (3000 ft) above MSL at a speed above 250 KIAS.
However, if the aircraft is instructed by ATC to operate at a greater speed, or if the minimum safe
airspeed for the aircraft is greater than the maximum speed prescribed, the aircraft may be oper-
ated at the greater speed. Above provisions may not be applied if a permission is obtained from
the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.

Approach Ban
An aircraft shall not takeoff or start an approach to land at any airport if the observed RVR is less
than the meteorological minimums for that airport.
Prior to commencing an instrument approach, if the weather conditions at the airport are below
the published or the pilot’s landing minimums, the pilot should notify the ATC facility or Airport
Advisory Service Units and request clearance to hold or to proceed to an alternate airport.
After commencing an instrument approach and it is determined that the pilot can continue the
approach beyond a prescribed point such as the FAF, OM, 1000 ft above aerodrome elevation or
other points accepted by the authority and if the reported weather conditions have worsened to
below the published or the pilot’s landing minimums, the pilot may continue the approach to DA or
MDA. An approach to land may be continued if the pilot, upon reaching the DA/H or MDA/H, finds
the actual weather conditions are at or above the lowest weather condition for landing.
NOTE: ATC will issue values of ceiling and ground visibility (RVR when observed) when weather
conditions are below the highest circling minimums.
Conversion of MET VIS into RVR/CMV
Where weather minima are concerned, if the reported RVR value is more than 1800m, CMV
should be applied instead. If only meteorological visibility is reported, the charted RVR/CMV value
can be substituted by reported meteorological visibility for straight-in instrument approaches in
accordance with Table 1 below. Table 1 shall not be applied when calculating Take-off, Category
II/III minimums or when a reported RVR is available.
Table 1: Conversion of Reported Meteorological Visibility to RVR/CMV

Lighting elements in operation RVR/CMV = Reported Met Visibility x __
Day Night
Approach and runway lights 1.5 2.0
Runway lights 1.0 1.5
No lighting 1.0 Not applicable
EXAMPLE: At night, when approach and runway lights are in operation, the reported meteorologi-
cal visibility is 1200m and the required minimum for the approach is a CMV of 1600m. 1200m x 2
= 2400m, which is above the required CMV of 1600m.
JAPAN
Take-off Minimums
Take-off minima are as follows:
a. If RVR closest to the start point of the take-off run is reported, the RVR must be applied at
least. If the RVR closest to the start point of the take-off run is not reported, VIS must be
applied.
b. Operators can determine whether to apply other RVS(s) in addition to the RVR mentioned a)
above or not. When multiple RVRs are applied, all related RVR values must be above the
minima.
c. For night operations, runway edge and end lights (which indicates DER) must be in opera-
tion.
Planning Minimums
Table 2: Planning Minimums for Take-off Alternate

Type of Approach Planning Minimum
CAT II/III RVR/VIS equal to minimums for CAT II/III
CAT I RVR/VIS equal to minimums for CAT I precision approach
Non-precision CEIL equal to MDH (rounded up to 100 ft increment) VIS equal
to VIS for non-precision approach
Circling CEIL equal to MDH (rounded up to 100 ft increment) VIS equal
to VIS for circling approach
Table 3: Planning Minimums for Destination Alternate

Type of Approach Planning Minimum
CAT II/III CAT I
CAT I CEIL equal to MDH (rounded up to 100 ft increment) VIS equal
to VIS for non-precision approach
Non-precision CEIL equal to MDH (rounded up to 100 ft increment) + 200 ft,
VIS equal to VIS for non-precision approach + 1000m
Circling CEIL equal to MDH (rounded up to 100 ft increment) VIS equal
to VIS for circling approach
Take-off Alternate Airport

A take-off alternate airport should be located within the following flying time from the airport of
departure with one engine inop after take-off:
– 1 hour for 2 engine aircraft
– 2 hours for 3 and more engine aircraft
JAPAN
When a take-off alternate airport is not filed, the ceiling and visibility to be used as take-off mini-
mums are equivalent to the DH/MDH and visibility of the instrument approach procedures availa-
ble at the airport of departure.
Circling
Circling minimums are normally charted on the Japanese instrument approach chart. The mini-
mums shown in Table 4 are the lowest permissible circling minimums. Circling minimums are
never below straight-in minimums. The circling area does not correspond with the dimensions
published by ICAO.
Table 4: Circling Minimums

SPEED CATEGORY Max IAS MDH (HAA) CIRCLING AREA
Radius from Rwy Threshold
90 kt 350 ft 1.3 NM
120 kt 450 ft 1.5 NM
140 kt 450 ft 2.0 NM
165 kt 550 ft 2.5 NM
Non-Precision Approach Minimums

Visual Reference
An approach may not be continued below MDA(H) unless at least one of the following visual ref-
erences for the intended runway are distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot:
– Elements of the approach light system,
– The threshold,
– The threshold markings,
– The threshold lights,
– The threshold identification lights,
– The visual glide slope indicator,
– The touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings,
– The touchdown zone lights,
– The runway edge lights,
– Other visual references accepted by the authority.
Determination of RVR/CMV for Non-Precision Approaches
Table 5 is only applicable to approach procedures with a glide path angle not greater than 4°.
NOTE: When runway threshold lights are u/s, they can be temporarily replaced with REIL.
JAPAN
Table 5: Determination of RVR/CMV for Non-precision Approaches

FF Aircraft Category RVR/CMV (m)
MDH (ft) A B C D
250 - 299 800 800 800 1200
300 - 449 900 1000 1000 1400
450 - 649 1000 1200 1200 1600
650 and above 1200 1400 1400 1800
Table 5: Determination of RVR/CMV for Non-precision Approaches

IF Aircraft Category RVR/CMV (m)
MDH (ft) A B C D
250 - 299 1000 1100 1200 1400
300 - 449 1200 1300 1400 1600
450 - 649 1400 1500 1600 1800
650 and above 1500 1500 1800 2000
BF Aircraft Category RVR/CMV (m)

MDH (ft) A B C D
250 - 299 1200 1300 1400 1600
300 - 449 1300 1400 1600 1800
450 - 649 1500 1500 1800 2000
650 and above 1500 1500 2000 2000
NF Aircraft Category RVR/CMV (m)

MDH (ft) A B C D
250 - 299 1500 1500 1600 1800
300 - 449 1500 1500 1800 2000
450 - 649 1500 1500 2000 2000
650 and above 1500 1500 2000 2000
JAPAN
Precision Approach Minimums (ILS CAT I, PAR)

Visual Reference
An approach may not be continued below DA(H) unless at least one of the following visual refer-
ences for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot:
– Same visual references apply as for non-precision approaches.
Determination of RVR/CMV for Precision Approaches
Table 6 applies only to approaches with a glide slope up to and including 4º.
NOTE: When runway threshold lights are u/s, they can be temporarily replaced with REIL.
Table 6: Determination of RVR/CMV for Precision Approaches

DH (ft) FF IF BF NF
TDZ & CL TDZ &/or CL TDZ & CL TDZ &/or
out CL out
200 550m 750m 700m 750m 800m 1000m
201 - 250 600m 750m 700m 750m 800m 1000m
251 - 300 650m 750m 800m 800m 900m 1200m
301 and 800m 800m 900m 900m 1000m 1200m
above
Table 7: Class of Lighting Facilities

FF (Full Facilities) comprise ≥ 720m HIALS, RL, RCLM, RWY 1
IF (Intermediate Facilities) comprise 420 – 719m HIALS, RL, RCLM, RWY 1
BF (Basic Facilities) comprise < 420m HIALS (one crossbar), RL,
RCLM 1
NF (Nil Facilities) comprise All conditions other than BF or No
Lights at all
1 Runway threshold and end lights.
ILS CAT II
Visual Reference
An approach may not be continued below DH unless at least one of the following visual referen-
ces for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot:
– A segment of at least 3 consecutive lights being the centerline of the approach lights,
JAPAN
– The runway centerline lights,

– Other visual reference accepted by the authority.
This visual reference must include a lateral element of the ground pattern (i.e., an approach light-
ing crossbar, or the landing threshold, or a barette of the touchdown zone lighting).
ILS CAT IIIA & ILS CAT IIIB (fail-passive control system)
Visual Reference
An approach may not be continued below DH unless at least one of the following visual referen-
ces for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot:
– A segment of at least 3 consecutive lights being the centerline of the approach lights,
– The runway centerline lights,
– Other visual reference accepted by the authority.
ILS CAT IIIB (fail-operational control system using DH)
Visual Reference
– At least one runway centerline light.
– Or other visual reference accepted by the authority.
ILS CAT IIIB (fail-operational control system using no DH)
Visual Reference
– No requirement.

Noise abatement procedures are adopted strictly within a range of not jeopardizing flight safety. If
a pilot-in-command determines that the execution of noise abatement procedures may interfere
with flight safety due to, for example, adverse weather conditions, the execution of these proce-
dures must be abandoned.
Noise abatement procedures stated herein are based, as far as possible, on ICAO guidance
materials. However, detailed procedures may differ among aircraft types due to aircraft character-
istics and to the extent of noise abatement effect. Therefore, detailed procedures for each aircraft
type are to be established by the operator going through due formalities as necessary.
JAPAN
Steepest Climb Procedure

This is a procedure which commences the climb, after reaching a specified altitude, restraining
acceleration with normal climb power and maintaining the flap position and the appropriate speed
to gain the maximum altitude in the shortest distance from end of the takeoff roll.
A typical example of this procedure for a jet transport aircraft is:
a. Takeoff to 1000 ft – 1500 ft AGL:
– Takeoff thrust;
– Takeoff flaps or optimum flap setting for noise reduction;
– Climb at a speed to gain maximum climb angle (or as limited by body angle), e.g., V2 + 10
kt or 1.3Vs whichever is greater.
b. At 1000 ft – 1500 ft AGL:
– Reduce thrust to climb thrust;
– Flaps and speed same as in a. above.
c. After passing an altitude of not less than 3000 ft AGL:
– Accelerate and retract flaps on schedule to enroute climb.
Thrust Cutback Climb Procedure
This is a procedure in which flight is made over noise sensitive areas with low noise levels.
Engine power is reduced after reaching a certain altitude to the extent that flight safety is not com-
promised. Once the noise sensitive area is passed, engine power is reapplied and the aircraft
continues a normal climb.
a. Take off to 1000 ft AGL:
– Take off thrust;
– Take off flaps or optimum flap setting for noise reduction;
– Climb at a speed to gain maximum climb angle (or as limited by body angle), e.g., V2 + 10
kt or 1.3Vs whichever is greater.
b. At 1000 ft AGL:
– Reduce thrust enough to maintain level flight with one engine inoperative;
– Flaps and speed same as a. above.
c. At 4000 ft AGL or after passing noise sensitive areas:
– Establish climb thrust;
– Accelerate and retract flaps on schedule to enroute climb.
JAPAN
Reduced Flap Setting Procedure

This is a procedure in which the landing is made with a shallower than normal landing flap angle
where there is a sufficient margin of runway length. The ground noise level is reduced in propor-
tion to engine power decrease due to the reduction of aerodynamic drag.
Use, as the final landing flap setting, the minimum certificated landing flap setting (one setting
less than full flaps in the case of an airplane with several approved landing settings) set forth in
the approved performance section of the Airplane Flight Manual for the applicable conditions.
Delayed Flap Approach
This is a procedure which delays flap operation during approach within a range which does not
sacrifice flight safety. Ground noise levels, as in the reduced flap setting procedure, can be
reduced by engine power decrease due to aerodynamic drag reduction.
Extend final landing flaps after passing 1500 ft AGL or after passing the outer marker, whichever
is at the lowest altitude.
Reverse Thrust Restriction
In order to reduce aircraft noise, pilots may be requested to limit the use of reverse thrust to idle
reverse after landing, unless it adversely affects the safety of aircraft operations.
Preferential Runway
This is a procedure which may be used when one end of a runway is in an area not adversely
affected by aircraft noise, such as adjacent to water, etc. Takeoff and landing are preferentially
made at that end of the runway, in principle when a tailwind component, including gust effect, is
not greater than 5 kt and a crosswind component, including gust, is not greater than 15 kt (see
NOTE 1) and as long as passengers are not overly inconvenienced. In order to achieve maximum
safety, this procedure is not to be applied under the following circumstances:
a. When the condition of the specified runway is not suitable for landing or takeoff (see NOTE
2).
b. When the pilot-in-command determines that the use of another runway is necessary in con-
sideration of the safety of his aircraft operation.
c. When the possibility exists that orderly flow of traffic may be impeded.
d. The use of another runway is considered especially necessary for the purpose of special
training, inspection of navigational facilities, etc.
NOTE 1: The tailwind and crosswind values should be considered guidelines. In normal
cases a current jet transport can safely takeoff and land on a runway with good surface con-
ditions, as far as their performance is concerned, with a tailwind component of up to 10 kt
and a crosswind component of up to 25 kt.
JAPAN
NOTE 2: For example, braking action may be decreased due to adverse conditions of the
runway such as wet surface, snow, etc.
Noise Preferential Routes
In order to reduce aircraft noise in the vicinity of the airport, Noise Preferential Routes are estab-
lished to be applied during climb following take-off or approach for landing when overflying noise
sensitive area, unless it affects the safety of aircraft operations.

The term “CRUISE” may be used in regard to an altitude specified in an ATC clearance. This
gives the pilot an authorization to descend from the altitude assigned by ATC and to make an
instrument approach procedure established at the airport.
VFR flights shall not takeoff or land at an airport within a control zone, or at an airport designated
by the Minister of Transport outside a control zone:
a. when the ceiling is less than 300m (1000 ft); or
b. When the ground visibility is less than 5km.
OCEANIC POSITION REPORTING PROCEDURES (TOKYO FIR)

Flights whose tracks are predominantly East or West shall report over each 5° or 10° meridians of
longitude (10° will be used if the ground speed of the aircraft is such that 10° will be traversed in 1
hour and 20 minutes or less).
Flights whose tracks are predominantly North or South shall report over each 5° or 10° parallel of
latitude (10° will be used if the ground speed of the aircraft is such that 10° will be traversed in 1
hour and 20 minutes or less).
Air traffic services may request flights with slower ground speeds to report more frequently than
5°.

The MNT with 10 minutes longitudinal separation may be applied to turbojet aircraft operating in
the Fukuoka FIR on the same or continuously diverging routes within the oceanic control area.
Aircraft with ATC-assigned Mach number shall report the Mach number in each position report
made on the route.
Position reports shall be amended to ATC if the original estimated time over a reporting point
needs correction for an error of 3 minutes or more.
If acceptable to the pilot, ATC may clear aircraft at a Mach number other than the one specified in
the flight plan to assure maintenance of longitudinal separation.
JAPAN

ANNEX 2 RULES OF THE AIR
Regulations concerning Rules of Air of Japan are implemented in accordance with the standards
and recommended practices in ICAO Annex 2 Tenth-edition Amendment 42 with the exceptions
noted hereunder.
3.2.3.2 Japan doesn't have a requirement for displaying lights which indicate the
engines are running.
3.2.3.3 Japan doesn't have a requirement for displaying anticollision lights from
sunrise to sunset in flight, except aircraft for commercial air transport.
3.2.3.4 Japan doesn't have a requirement for displaying anticollision lights from
sunrise to sunset on the movement area of an aerodrome, except aircraft
for commercial air transport.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
GENERAL
are in conformity with International Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures. The air
traffic rules and procedures of the United States are also respected.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting, etc., gen- Nautical Miles and Tenths
erally in excess of 2 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relating to aero- Meters, Feet
Altitudes, elevations and heights Meters, Feet
Horizontal speed including wind speed Knots, Kilometers per Hour, Mach
Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
HOLDING
Holding procedures at Incheon, Gimpo, Jeju, Yangyang, Yeosu, Muan and Ulsan airports comply
with ATC Chapter ICAO Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) Part IV Holding Procedures, Table “Hold-
ing Speeds ICAO DOC 8168 Volume I”; and, with Table “Holding Speeds Per U.S. FAA Regula-
tions” at all other aerodromes within the Incheon FIR.

Instrument approach procedures are based on the guidance contained in PANS-OPS, Doc. 8168,
Vol. II and/or the United States Standards for Terminal Instrument Approach Procedures (TERPS)
for civil procedures. Instrument approach procedure design indicator, PANS-OPS or TERPS, is
indicated in the margin notation of Jeppesen approach charts.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Speed Control
Unless otherwise authorized by ATC because of aircraft performance limitations, no person may
operate an aircraft below 10,000 ft MSL at an indicated airspeed of more than 250 knots, and at
or below 2500 ft AGL within 4 NM of an airport designated as Class “C” or “D” airspace at a speed
of more than 200 knots.
Additional speed restrictions in the Seoul TMA are depicted on area and approach charts.

For civil procedures, Korea publishes Decision Altitude (Height) [DA(H)], Minimum Descent Alti-
tude (Height) [MDA(H)] and RVR and/or visibility for landing. For military and joint civil/military
procedures, Korea publishes DH/DA (HAT), MDA (HAT or HAA), ceiling and visibility for landing.
Ceiling and RVR and/or visibility, or RVR and/or visibility only, are published for take-off. Ceiling
and visibility are published for alternate minimums at selected aerodromes.

Korean airspace is designated by the Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs in accord-
ance with the standard ICAO airspace classifications as depicted on Enroute and Area charts.

Air Traffic Flow Management is a service established with the objective of contributing to a safe,
orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic by ensuring that ATC capacity is utilized to the maximum
extent possible, and that the traffic volume is compatible with the capacities declared by the
appropriate ATS units.
ATFM services are provided within Incheon FIR and applied to air traffic service units, airmen and
aircraft operators and IFR aircrafts operating in Incheon FIR.
The following flow management units and/or working position is established to provide ATFM
service in Incheon FIR.
a. Air Traffic Flow Management Center (ATFMC) is permanently operated at Air Traffic Control
Center (Incheon ACC).
b. Flow Management Unit (FMU) is operated at SEOUL/JEJU approach control and INCHEON/
GIMPO/JEJU aerodrome control tower.
c. At other ATC units, each crew chief of unit is responsible for conducting the FMU service.
The hours of operation are 2200/1200 UTC daily. Beyond these hours, Incheon ACC shall
assume the function of ATFMC when following situations occur:
a. When adverse effect on air traffic flow is caused or expected due to significant weather or
abnormal situation in the airport;
b. When required to provide ATFM service by ATC units concerned.
ATFMC is located at the Incheon ACC. The ATFMC shall be contacted by the following address:
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT CENTER

Incheon Airport Post Office 272
Gonghang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon
400-650 Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-32-880-0260
Fax: 82-32-889-5906
E-Mail: g_atcdiv@mltm.go.kr
AFTN: RKRRZQZX
When ATFM measures are to be in effect, ATFMC shall notify ATC units and aircraft operators
concerned with the following information:
a. Application date and time, period (time estimated);
b. Application area (sectors, ATS routes, airports and etc.);
c. Reason for flow control execution;
d. Substance of flow management (departure time slot allocation, adjustment of departure inter-
val, alternative route assignment);
e. and other necessary information
When ATFM measures are no longer necessary or any change occurs, ATFMC will notify cancel-
lation or changes to the units concerned.
When an aircraft operator receives the message or information concerning ATFM, each operator
should relay those message or information to the aircraft concerned immediately.
When an aircraft is not able to comply with the allocated release time for departure, the aircraft
shall notify FMU or ATC units concerned at least thirty (30) minutes before the allocated release
time. If an aircraft does not notify prior to the specific time, the departure sequence for those air-
craft will be adjusted behind the last aircraft which is on standby for departure.
Aircraft flying IFR within Incheon FIR should submit flight plans to Incheon ACC as follows:
a. Flights departing from Incheon FIR: at least two (2) hours before the estimated off-block time
(EOBT);
b. Flights entering into Incheon FIR: at least two (2) hours before entering Incheon FIR
Aircraft failing to file a flight plan two (2) hours before the estimated off-block time (EOBT) will be
subject to departure sequence adjustment under ATFM.
Exception. The following aircraft group will be exempted from ATFM restrictions. But, they are
required to notify the status of exemption to ATC units concerned when requesting IFR clearance.
a. Emergency aircraft (including high-jacked aircraft);
b. aircraft for mercy or humanitarian operations;
c. aircraft for medical support operations;
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
d. SAR (search and rescue) aircraft;

e. presidential aircraft;
f. any other particular aircraft requested by government authorities (including military aircraft).

ANNEX 2
None published.
PANS-ATM (Doc 4444)

None published.
LAOS
GENERAL
Units of measurement used in all air and ground operations are in accordance with ICAO Annex
5. Those measurements in common use are listed in the following table.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, etc. Nautical Miles and Tenths/Kilometers
Relatively short distances such as those relating to air- Meters
Altitudes, elevations and heights Meters
Mass (Weight) Metric Tons or Kilograms
Time Hours and minutes, the day of 24 hrs
beginning at midnight UTC.
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
Instrument approach procedures are based on the guidance in an early version of PANS-OPS,
Document 8168.
Subject to traffic and particular wind conditions at Vientiane (Wattay Intl), ATC will nominate
runway 31 for take-off and runway 13 for landing to enable aircraft to avoid flight over the city
below 4,000'. When so nominated it shall be the responsibility of the pilot-in-command to ensure
that the crosswind or downwind component is not greater than the maximum allowed for the par-
ticular operation. If the nominated runway is not suitable for the above reasons the pilot-in-com-
mand shall advise ATC and request the preferred runway.
Due to airspace restrictions in the southern sector of the Vientiane (Wattay Intl) airport no holding
and approach procedures are designed for runway 31.
LAOS

Laos publishes Minimum Altitude (Height), ceiling and visibility for landing.

Overflying the territory of Laos is subject to approval of the Government of Laos. Renewal of such
approval and authorization of additional flights shall be subject to the permission issued by the
Directorate of Civil Aviation.
Aircraft that are granted approval shall adhere strictly to the following requirements:
a. Aircraft Nationality and Registration Mark should be easily identifiable;
b. Aircraft should be flown within the limits of ATS routes,
unless specific authorization has been received from ATC to deviate the requirements due to
weather situations necessitating deviations for safety reasons.
Infringement of the above will be treated as a violation of Laos airspace and will be dealt with in
accordance with existing laws of the Republic.
Laos has not adopted the ICAO standard airspaces classification. Air traffic control, flight informa-
tion and alerting service are provided by:
a. Approach Control Center with the TMA;
b. Flight Information Service above FL 200 and on ATS routes outside of the TMA;
c. Airport Control Towers, in coordination with Approach Control, for arriving and departing traf-
fic.

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
3.1.2 Flight over populous areas is prohibited below 1,500'. Flight over public gatherings is sub-
ject to the specific permission of the Director General and, if permitted, to the conditions specified.
3.3.1.2.1 Irrespective of whether operated within or outside controlled airspace, all IFR flights
are required to submit flight plans.
4.7 VFR flights in the TMA, CTR and ATZs shall be operated in accordance with ATC clearan-
ces.
MYANMAR
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic in the Republic of the Union of Myan-
mar conform to Annexes 2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to those
portions of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Air Traffic Management applicable to air-
craft and the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the South East Asia Region,
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation position reporting, etc., Nautical Miles and Tenths
Relatively short distances such as those relating to aer- Meters or Feet
odrome (e.g., runway lengths)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet/Meters
Vertical speed Feet Per Minute/ Meters Per Second
Wind direction for all other purposes Degrees True
Altimeter setting Hectopascal
Weight Metric Tons, Kilograms
Time Hours and Minutes, the day of 24 hrs
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on the contained in the latest
edition of ICAO Doc 8168 – Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Aircraft Operations (PANS-
OPS).

Indicated airspeed when entering and maneuvering in holding patterns shall not exceed 210 kts
up to and including 14,000 ft, and 240 kts above 14,000 ft.
Airspeed in procedure turns to leave holding patterns, and in approach procedures prior to com-
mencing final approach, shall not exceed 175 KIAS.
MYANMAR
Plans and profile diagrams of instrument approach procedures are normally drawn to represent
the path of an aircraft operating at a ground speed of 150 kt and a rate of descent of 500 ft per
minute.
Times shown on outbound legs of instrument approach procedures provide for optimum maneu-
vering in zero wind. These times may be shortened in circumstances where a tailwind is known to
exist.
An aircraft which is not required to hold may commence an instrument approach procedure with-
out entering the holding pattern if the approach track to the facility or fix is within a 60° sector, 30°
on either side of:
a. the initial track of the descent procedure; or
b. the inbound holding track, where a reversal turn shown on the approach chart must be com-
pleted prior to commencing an instrument approach.
NOTE: Outside controlled airspace and within 25 NM of the facility or fix, an aircraft whose
initial approach track is outside the 60° sector described above may diverge to intercept a
track within the 60° sector.

The airspace in the Yangon FIR has been classified in accordance with Appendix 4 of ICAO
Annex 11.

The following RNAV routes within Yangon FIR are RNP 10:
L301 L759
M770 N895
P646 P762
L507
Flight plans for flights to be provided with Air Traffic Control or Advisory service shall be submitted
at least 30 minutes prior to departure, or if submitted during flight, at a time which will ensure its
receipt by the appropriate Air Traffic Services unit and/or the Air Defense service at least ten
minutes before the aircraft is estimated to reach:
a. the intended point of entry into a control area, advisory area or air defense identification
zone; or
b. the point of crossing an airway or advisory route.
Regular public transport flights capable of compliance with IFR procedures shall flight plan as an
IFR flight in all cases.
MYANMAR
A pilot-in-command, in other than an emergency, shall operate in controlled airspace in accord-

ance with an ATC clearance. No aircraft shall enter controlled airspace without a clearance. This
applies to both military and civil controlled airspace.
The following rules and procedures are adopted in the interest of national security to enable iden-
tification as early as possible of air traffic entering the Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) in
the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
No flight of any aircraft either originating in or penetrating into the ADIZ will be permitted without
Air Defense Clearance. The procedure for obtaining this clearance is as follows:
a. Flight plan to be filed 30 minutes before take-off and include ETA at ADIZ boundary and
route and altitude within ADIZ. In-flight changes for entry are not allowed except in emer-
gency.
b. Except for local flights conducted in the immediate vicinity of an aerodrome, all aircraft oper-
ating to, through or within the ADIZ shall obtain Air Defense Clearance (ADC) through the Air
Traffic Control Center.
c. ADC shall be valid for the entire flight within ADIZ irrespective of intermediate halts for flights
originating in or transiting the ADIZ.
d. For flights originating within the ADIZ, ADC shall be obtained before departure and in the
event of departure being delayed for more than 30 minutes a new ADC shall be obtained.
e. In respect of East bound flight conducted along the airways penetrating the ADIZ, aircraft
shall, on first contact with the ATCC at the FIR boundary request the ADC giving the estima-
ted time over the ADIZ boundary.
f. In respect of West bound flight conducted along the airways penetrating the ADIZ, aircraft
shall, on first contact with the ATCC at the FIR boundary request an ADC only.
g. In respect of all flights conducted of airways, aircraft shall contact ATCC at least 10 minutes
before entering the ADIZ giving the ETA over the ADIZ boundary and requesting ATC.
Unless otherwise specifically authorized by the Director General, a pilot-in-command holding the
required instrument rating and flying an aircraft equipped for instrument flight, shall comply with
the Instrument Flight Rules even when not operating in IMC, when conducting a flight under any
of the following conditions:
a. in weather conditions other than those specified for Visual Meteorological Conditions;
b. above FL 150;
c. by night;
d. over the sea at a distance of more than 20 NM from the land for more than one (1) hour;
e. in any other conditions which do not permit compliance with VFR;
f. at transonic and supersonic speeds.
MYANMAR
PUSH-BACK AND TAXIING

When it is necessary for an aircraft to be pushed back prior to the commencement of taxiing, the
pilot in command shall obtain a clearance to push back before the commencement of the maneu-
ver. A clearance to taxi shall be obtained before further movement after completion of the push
back.
A pilot in command shall obtain a clearance to taxi before leaving the parked position. This taxi
clearance will govern entrance to, and movement on, the taxiways but will not relate to movement
on the apron areas. Nevertheless, available essential information about other aircraft moving on
the same apron area will be given to any aircraft calling for taxi clearance.
Whenever an engine of a turbo-jet aircraft is operating on the ground, the aircraft anti-collision
light(s) shall be displayed.
Pilots of other aircraft should appreciate that the display on the ground of anti-collision lights by a
turbo-jet aircraft means that at least one of its engines is operating. They should ensure, there-
fore, that when maneuvering near these aircraft, they do so at a safe distance from the jet efflux.
Military turbo-jet aircraft should always be treated with caution as these aircraft may not display
anti-collision lights on the ground even though under power.
A pilot in command for whom a runway has been nominated for take-off, shall regard the taxi
clearance limit to be:
a. for piston-engined aircraft—the holding bay, if provided, otherwise the holding point for the
runway; and
b. for turbine-engined aircraft or aircraft which have reported “READY” before reaching the
holding bay—the holding point for the runway.
A separate clearance must be obtained before crossing or entering any runway by day or a
runway illuminated as a runway by night.
A pilot wishing to use less than the full length of the run available, shall nominate his intention to
the controller when requesting taxi instructions.
The Altimeter Setting Procedures in use conform to those contained in ICAO Doc. 8168–OPS/
611/3.
QFE altimeter settings are available on request.

None published.
SINGAPORE
GENERAL
Aircraft in flight or operating on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome shall comply with the gen-
eral flight rules applicable to the operation of aircraft (Annex 2). Additionally, aircraft in flight shall
comply with Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) or Visual Flight Rules (VFR). An aircraft operating
between the hours of sunset and sunrise, irrespective of weather conditions shall comply with IFR
requirements or, if in a control zone during these hours, shall require special authorization from
ATC.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, etc., gener- Nautical Miles and Tenths (NM)
ally in excess of 2 to 3 NM
Relatively short distances such as those relating to airports Meters
(e.g., runway lengths)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet, Flight Levels and Meters
Time Hours and Minutes, the day of 24
hrs beginning at midnight UTC
WGS–84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The holding, approach and departure procedures in use throughout the Singapore FIR are devel-
oped in accordance with the criteria contained in ICAO DOC 8168–OPS/611: Procedures for Air
Navigation Services – Operations (PANS–OPS).
The maximum holding speed for all low level holding areas is 230kt.
The maximum holding speed for all high level holding areas is 265kt.
SINGAPORE

Aircraft will not be refused permission to land or take-off from airfields in the Singapore FIR solely
because of adverse weather conditions. The pilot-in-command of a public transport aircraft shall
be responsible for operation in accordance with applicable company weather minima.

The airspace in the Singapore FIR has been classified in accordance with Appendix 4 of ICAO
Annex 11. Within the Singapore FIR, the airspace is divided into 5 classes: A, B, C, D, and G.
Aircraft operating in Light Aircraft Training Areas A and B (class G airspace) are required to have
continuous two-way communications with the appropriate ATS authority.

Flight plans shall be submitted at least 60 minutes before departure (the estimated off-block time),
or if submitted in flight on HF RTF, 20 minutes prior to the intended point of entry into a control
zone, control area, advisory area or advisory route.
The old flight plan shall be cancelled and a new flight plan submitted when changes are made to
7/Aircraft Identification, 15/Route, or 16/Destination Aerodrome.
The pilot-in-command or his/her representative is required to state the total number of persons on
board (POB) in the flight plan.
Flights shall be conducted in accordance with the instrument flight rules (even when not operating
in IMC) when operated:
a. Above FL150; or
b. During the hours between sunset and sunrise; or
c. More than 185km (100 NM) seaward from the shoreline within controlled airspace.
The following RNAV routes within Singapore FIR are RNP 10:
L625 L642
L644 M767
M771 M772
N884 N892
DATA LINK SERVICES IN THE SINGAPORE FIR

Data link services are available to FANS 1/A compatible aircraft (which are compliant to RTCA
DO- 258A or ED EUROCAE 100A) on Airways N891, M753, L642, M771, L644, N892, L625,
N884, M767, M768, M772, M758, G334, M761 and N875 in the Singapore FIR daily on a 24-hour
basis.
Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) and Automatic Dependent Surveillance
(ADS) data link applications will be used to provide services to FANS 1/A equipped aircraft, in
SINGAPORE
particular over the South China Sea beyond the range of existing radar and VHF voice communi-
cations.
Suitably equipped aircraft should log on to Singapore's AFN LOGON address (WSJC) at least 10
minutes prior to entering Singapore FIR. Aircraft departing from an aerodrome within Singapore
FIR should logon prior to dep.
Pre-Departure Clearance (PDC) via CPDLC is not available.
ADS Periodic contracts will be established automatically on receipt of a LOGON.
ALTIMETRY
A common transition altitude of 11,000 ft (3350 meters) has been established in the Singapore
Flight Information Region. This will ensure uniformity in the transition altitudes for aerodromes
within the territories of Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore, except for an area of radius 10 nautical
miles centered on Mount Kinabalu where the lowest safe altitude will be 15,000 ft (4,570 meters)
and the lowest usable flight level will be FL170.
QFE altimeter setting will be made available on request but reports to ATC will be made in alti-
tudes.
It is the pilots' responsibility to select a flight level which will give adequate terrain clearance using
forecast pressure information.
SEMI-CIRCULAR SYSTEM OF CRUISING LEVELS WITHIN THE SINGAPORE FIR

The pilot-in-command of an IFR flight at or above 3000 ft within controlled airspace and above
FL250 in uncontrolled airspace shall select a level corresponding to the appropriate magnetic
track. The Quadrantal Height Rule will continue to be used for all flights below FL250 in uncontrol-
led airspace of the Singapore FIR.
FL250 in uncontrolled airspace will be held vacant to serve as a buffer.
Transition from the Quadrantal System to the Semi-Circular System

Track Flown IFR Flight
000–089 Maintain ODD level
090–179 Descend to next ODD level
180–269 Maintain EVEN level
270–359 Descend to next EVEN level
Transition from the Semi-Circular System to the Quadrantal System

000–089 Maintain ODD level
090–179 Climb to next ODD + 500 ft level
SINGAPORE
Transition from the Semi-Circular System to the Quadrantal System (continued)

180–269 Maintain EVEN level
270–359 Climb to next EVEN + 500 ft level

The states of the ICAO Asia/Pacific Region within the Bay of Bengal, South Asia and Pakistan
airspace have implemented an automated Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) service.
All affected flights are required to submit their slot requests to the BOBCAT system by logging
onto https://www.bobcat.aero between 0001UTC and 1200UTC on the day of flight and complet-
ing the electronic templates provided.
Among affected flights are all westbound flights intending to enter Kabul FIR between 2000UTC
and 2359UTC daily on the following ATS routes:
a. A466, L750, N644 from FL280 to FL390 inclusive;
b. G792/V390 from FL310 to FL 390 inclusive;
c. B466 between SERKA and PAROD from FL310 to FL 390 inclusive.

ANNEX 2
4.7 VFR flights operated at or above 3000 ft outside controlled airspace are required to be con-
ducted at a cruising level appropriate to the magnetic track as specified in a quadrantal table of
cruising levels.
5.3.1 IFR flights operated below FL250 outside controlled airspace are required to be conducted
at a cruising level appropriate to the magnetic track as specified in a quadrantal table of cruising
levels.
ANNEX 11
4.3.6.1 (g) Singapore does not prepare local routine (MET REPORT) and special reports (SPE-
CIAL). The AWOS systems at the airports have visual display systems at the relevant ATS units
showing real-time weather conditions at appropriate locations along the runways. The ATS units
use these real-time weather conditions for aircraft landing and take-off. However, specifically for-
matted MET REPORT and SPECIAL as described in ANNEX 3 paragraphs 4.3.2(a) and 4.4.2(a)
are not prepared.
TAIWAN
GENERAL
Except for the differences listed below, the air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic
within the airspace of Taipei FIR conform to Annex 2 and Annex 11 to the Convention on Interna-
tional Civil Aviation. The rules stated underneath are adopted from the national Rules of the Air.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distance used in navigation position reporting, etc. – gen-
Nautical Miles
erally in excess of 2 NM.
Relatively short distances such as those relating to air-
Meters
Vertical speed Feet per minute
Wind direction for landing and take-off Degrees magnetic
Wind direction except for landing and take-off Degrees true
Visibility, including runway visual range Kilometers or meters
Hours and minutes, the day of 24
Time
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The instrument flight procedures, including holding, approach, arrival and departure procedures,
in Taipei FIR are developed based on the United States FAA Standards for Terminal Instrument
Procedures (TERPS).

Speed Restriction and Adjustment for Civil Aircraft
Unless in situations listed below, any aircraft, while in Class “B,” “C,” “D,” “E” and “E Surface” air-
space area and below 10,000 feet MSL, shall not be operated at an indicated airspeed of more
than 250 knots.
TAIWAN
a. If the minimum safe airspeed for any particular operation is greater than the maximum air-
speed prescribed above, the aircraft may be operated at that safe airspeed and the pilot
should advise ATC as soon as possible.
b. To separate and expedite flow of traffic, ATC may cancel the airspeed restriction prescribed
above to aircraft under radar control. It is important for the pilot and ATC not to violate the
following restrictions:
1. airspeed restrictions prescribed in instrument flight procedures;
2. airspeed restrictions prescribed in Noise Abatement Procedures;
3. airspeed restrictions prescribed for aircraft entering or holding in holding patterns.

Taiwan publishes DH/(HAT), MDA/(HAA or HAT) and visibility for landing. Visibility, or ceiling and
visibility for selected airports/runways, are published for take-off. Ceiling and visibility is published
for alternate.
NOISE ABATEMENT PROCEDURE

All aircraft operating in Taipei FIR should follow either Noise Abatement Departure Procedure 1
(NADP 1) or Noise Abatement Departure Procedure 2 (NADP 2) developed by ICAO, for the take-
off climb to ensure that the necessary safety of flight operations is maintained while minimizing
exposure to noise on the ground.
Details of NADP 1 and NADP 2 are covered in ATC Flight Procedures (DOC 8168) – Noise
Abatement Procedures.

Taiwan has selected ICAO ATS Airspace Classifications “A,” “B,” “C,” “D” and “E” for the Taipei
FIR. Additional airspace classifications are:
Class “E Surface” Airspace — IFR and VFR flights are permitted. Air Traffic Control service is
provided to IFR aircraft. ATC provides separation to IFR/IFR aircraft, and traffic advisory to all air-
craft.
Class “G” Airspace — Airspace outside of controlled airspace. Air Traffic Control services will be
provided only on pilot's request and after coordination with the related units.

Any flight departing from Taipei FIR, domestic or international, IFR or VFR, shall submit a flight
plan at least 60 minutes prior to the estimated off-block time (EOBT). In the event of a delay 30
minutes in excess of the EOBT for a flight for which a flight plan has been submitted, the flight
plan should be amended (DLA). In the event of a delay 60 minutes in excess of the EOBT for a
flight for which a flight plan has been submitted, a new flight plan should be submitted and the old
flight plan cancelled (CNL).
TAIWAN
All flight plans and ATS messages for aircraft flight between Taipei FIR and Shanghai FIR via
ATS route B591 shall be addressed additionally to Naha ACC (RJJJZQZX and RJAAYSYX). All
flight plans and ATS messages for aircraft flight between Taipei FIR and Guangzhou FIR via ATS
route R200 shall be addressed additionally to Hong Kong ACC (VHHKZQZX) and Shanghai ACC
(ZSACZQZX). For a flight specifying Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport or Kaohsiung
International Airport as the destination, the alternate aerodrome in the flight plan may be omitted
provided the flight duration is less than six hours, and the weather forecast within one hour before
and after the estimated time of arrival at the destination is visual meteorological condition.
The first aircraft taking off from Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, after 02, 05, 08,
11,14, 17, 20 and 23 hours UTC, east bound via BULAN or west bound via ELATO is required to
make routine observation at BULAN (2704N 12400E) or ELATO (2220N 11730E) which are des-
ignated as ATS/MET reporting points, and to report to Taipei radio of Taipei Communication
Center on frequencies 127.3 MHz or 8903 KHz/13300 KHz (2330-1145UTC), 8903 KHz/6532
KHz (1145-2330UTC).
ATS RNAV ROUTE PROCEDURES

Aircraft which carries RNAV device certified to apply criteria of FAA Advisory Circular AC-90/45A
may plan to operate on M750. M750 is open only to northeast bound aircraft. N892 is open only to
southwest bound aircraft. Aircraft which carry RNAV devices certified to meet RNP 10 criteria of
ICAO DOC 9613–AN/937 and are approved by the CAA or appropriate authority of the state of
registry may operate above FL290.
The following RNAV route within Taipei FIR is RNP 10:
N892

Between Taipei FIR and Hong Kong FIR as well as Taipei FIR and Manila FIR, 10 minutes longi-
tudinal separation with Mach Number Technique Procedures will be applied between aircraft that
are not eligible for radar separation.
Restrictive Use of Airways
In order to reduce traffic jam near Houlung (HLG VOR) area, during 0000–0230 and 0600–
0800UTC, south-bound traffic departing from Taipei/Taiwan Taoyuan Int'l airport via B348 shall
route via APU B591 HCN thereafter join B348, unless otherwise approved by ATC. Transit flights
via KAPLI, KABAM and POTIB shall file airway W4 for northbound flights and airway B591 for
southbound flights.

ANNEX 2
3.2.3 Article 23 of Rules of the Air requires that during night or in the daytime when visibility is
less than 5km, all aircraft in flight or operating on the maneuvering area of an airport shall display
anti-collision and navigation lights.
3.3.4 The signalmen are trained by ground services agents in Taipei FIR.
TAIWAN
3.4.6 Fluorescent paddles are used during daylight hours. Illuminated wands are used at night.
4.3 The current CAA Rules of the Air uses “Night” instead of “between sunset and sunrise.”
These conditions are prescribed in the CAA Rules of the Air.
THAILAND
GENERAL
The air traffic rules and procedures applicable to air traffic in the Kingdom of Thailand territory
conform to Annex 2 and Annex 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to those
portions of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services
applicable to aircraft and of the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the Southeast
Asia Region.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation, position reporting, etc., Kilometers/Nautical Miles
Relatively short distances such as those relating to Meters
aerodrome (e.g., runway lengths)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Meters/Feet
Horizontal speed, including wind speed Kilometers Per Hour/Knots
Vertical speed Meters Per Second/Feet Per Minute
Visibility Kilometers
NOTE: Visibility of less than 5 km may be given in
meters.
Time Hours and Minutes, the day of 24 hrs be-
ginning at midnight UTC
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The Holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based on those contained in ICAO
Doc 8168- OPS/611. (PANS-OPS).
THAILAND

Thailand publishes Obstacle Clearance Altitude (Height) [[OCA(H)]].

The airspace within the Bangkok FIR is designated in accordance with ICAO airspaces classifica-
tion.
All ATS routes within Bangkok FIR are as follows:
Class “A” — from FL290 and above.
Class “B” — from FL280 and below.

The following RNAV routes within Bangkok FIR are RNP 10:
L301 M626
L507 M770
L515 P646
L759
Flight plans must be submitted for all international and domestic operations using the ICAO flight
plan form. The flight plan shall be submitted by pilot-in-command or designated representative, at
least 1 hour prior to the estimated time of departure.
Bangkok ACC does not read Item 18 of the ICAO Flight Plan. Therefore aircraft entering the
Bangkok FIR (ACC Hochiminh and Phnom Penh FIRs) on route segments where MNT is applied
are required to add the letter “Z” in Item 10 of the flight plan in addition to NAV/AUSEP in Item 18.
An aircraft operating between the hours of sunset and sunrise, irrespective of weather conditions
shall comply with IFR requirements.
In order to increase safety and minimize likelihood of TCAS RAS in 1000 ft level-off encounters,
aircraft shall climb or descend at a rate less than 1000 ft per minute (FPM) in the last 1000 ft to
level-off.
AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

ATFM services are provided by Aeronautical Radio of Thailand LTD (AEROTHAI) from the Bang-
kok Air Traffic Flow Management Unit (ATFMU) at Bangkok ACC. ATFM services will be limited to
calculation, promulgation and management of mandatory Allocated Wheels Up Time (AWUT) and
Kabul FIR flight level, ATS route and entry fix time for each affected flight.
The ATFMU utilizes the automated, web based Bay of Bengal Cooperative ATFM System
(BOBCAT) in meeting its ATFM responsibilities. These responsibilities will be managed in coordi-
THAILAND
nation with aircraft operators and Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) in the FIRs con-
cerned.
All affected flights are required to submit slot requests to the BOBCAT system by logging onto
https://www.bobcat.aero between 0001 and 1200UTC on day of flight and completing the elec-
tronic templates provided.
Supporting documentation, including detailed information in respect of the ATFM operations
described above and other pertinent information has been included in the Bay of Bengal and
South Asia ATFM Handbook (the “ATFM Users Handbook”), available at http://www.bobcat.aero

None published.
VIETNAM
GENERAL
All aircraft operating within the FIRs of Socialist Republic of Vietnam shall follow the Air Traffic
rules and procedures of Annexes 2 and 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and to
those portions of Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Air Traffic Management applicable to
aircraft and the Regional Supplementary Procedures applicable to the South East Asia Region,
All aircraft operating within the FIRs of Vietnam shall also abide by the Law of Civil Aviation of
Vietnam and the flight rules indicated in the Regulation on Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services
of Vietnam.
Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the prescribed units of measurement shall be applied to
flight operations.
MEASUREMENT OF UNIT
Distances used in navigation, position reporting, etc. Kilometers or Nautical Miles
Relatively short distances such as those relating to
Meters
aerodromes (e.g., runway lengths)
Altitudes, elevations and heights Meters or Feet
Horizontal speed, including wind speed Meters Per Second
Wind direction for except for landing and take-off Degrees True
Altimeter setting Hectopascal
Weight (Mass) Kilograms or Metric Tons
Hours and Minutes beginning at midnight
Time
UTC
WGS-84 COMPLIANT
FLIGHT PROCEDURES
The holding, approach and departure procedures in use are based in those contained in ICAO
Doc 8168 - OPS/611 - Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Operations (PANS - OPS).

8168, Volume II.
VIETNAM

Vietnam has implemented the ICAO standard airspaces classification.

PROCEDURES FOR THE SUBMISSION OF A FLIGHT PLAN
A flight plan for a flight to be provided with air traffic control service shall be submitted at least 60
minutes before departure, or, if submitted during flight, at a time which will ensure its receipt by
the appropriate air traffic services unit at least 10 minutes before the aircraft is estimated to reach
the intended point of entry into a control area or the point of crossing an airway.
Flight plans shall be submitted at the Air Traffic Services Reporting Office (ARO) at the departure
aerodrome. In the absence of such an office at the departure aerodrome, a flight plan shall be
submitted by telephone or teletype to the nearest AROs as listed below:
Cam Ranh ARO
Tel: (84-58) 3 989 909
Can Tho ARO
Tel: (84-710) 3 744 580
Da Nang ARO
Tel: (84-511) 3 614 341
Noi Bai ARO
Tel: (84-4) 35 844 306
Phu Bai ARO
Tel: (84-54) 3 862 520
Tansonnhat ARO
Tel: (84-8) 39 484 334

ICAO REFERENCE
ANNEX 2
3. Follow the procedures designated for each aerodrome when approaching for landing or after
taking off, unless otherwise instructed.
5.1.2 Minimum Levels
a. 900m (3000 ft) instead of 600m (2000 ft);
b. 600m (2000 ft) instead of 300m (1000 ft).
VIETNAM
5.2, 5.3 and Appendix 3

The flights operating between Hanoi and Hochiminh City and vice-versa, in the Table of Cruising
Levels of Appendix 3 are specified as follows:
a. From 000° to 179° modified to be from 270° to 089° track;
b. From 180° to 359° modified to be From 090° to 269° magnetic track.
Entry Requirements
Entry Requirements
Entry Requirements Data - Australia

ENTRY REQUIREMENTS DATA - AUSTRALIA 1162
AUSTRALIA
NATIONAL REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
1 DESIGNATED AUTHORITIES
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 The requirement for entry and departure of aircraft engaged in international flights and the
standard procedures for clearance of these aircraft at all Designated International Airports in Aus-
tralia and its External Territories, are given for the information and guidance of operators conduct-
ing international flights.
1.1.2 The information contained in this section does not replace, amend or change in any
manner, the current regulation of the designated authorities which are of concern to international
air travel.
Relevant Legislation:
Airport Act 1996
Air Services Act 1995 Part 5, Division 3 and Division 4
Air Navigation Act 1920 Sections 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19
Aviation Transport Security Act 2004
Aviation Transport Security Regulations 2005
Transport Safety Investigation Act 2003
Transport Safety Investigation Regulations 2003
Parts 1, 2 and 5
Air Navigation Regulations 1947 20, 21, 191, 192, 300, 301, 329
Civil Aviation Act 1988 Sections 22, 23, 23A, 24, 25, 26, 27, 27A/AB/AC/AD/AE/AF, 28,
28A/BA/BB/BC/BD/BE/BF/BG/BH
Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 135, 136, 139
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998 21.197
Civil Aviation Order 82.3
Civil Aviation Order 82.5
Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention)
1.2 DESIGNATED AUTHORITIES

1.2.1 The Department of Infrastructure and Transport (DIT), is the lead agency responsible for
Australia’s obligations under the provisions of Annex 9 (Facilitation) of the Chicago Convention.
The DIT is responsible for coordinating with the other Australian agencies (see below) that are
charged with the development and implementation of policy on passenger and cargo processing
at Australian airports.
1.2.2 All correspondence on policy matters relating to ICAO will be coordinated by the Aviation
Industry Policy Division, Department of Infrastructure and Transport; and aviation security matters
relating to ICAO will be coordinated by the Office of Transport Security, Department of Infrastruc-
AUSTRALIA
ture and Transport. The Department of Infrastructure and Transport is responsible for policy coor-
dination of ICAO matters in consultation with the other agencies.
1.2.3 The addresses of the designated authorities concerned with the entry, transit and depar-
ture of international air traffic are as follows:
a. Department of Infrastructure and Transport (DIT):
1. General Manager
Address: Aviation Industry Policy Division

Aviation and Airports Division
GPO Box 594
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61-2-6274 7739
Fax: 61-2-6257 6749
E-Mail: stephen.borthwick@infrastructure.gov.au
2. Executive Director

GPO Box 594
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61-2-6274 6520
Fax: 61-2-6257 6749
E-Mail: paul.retter@infrastructure.gov.au
(a) Office of Transport Security
Transport Security Coordination Centre (24 Hours)

Tel: 1300 307 288
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61-2-7274-8187 (outside Australia)

E-Mail: transport.security@infrastructure.gov.au
(b) Office of Transport Security
Address: National Regulatory Approval

(re: Transport Security Plans)
GPO Box 1966
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Fax: 61-2-6245-4300
E-Mail: national.coordinator@infrastructure.gov.au
b. Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA):

International Operations
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61 7 3144 7400
Fax: 61 7 3144 7599
E-Mail: International_Ops@casa.gov.au
c. Airservices Australia:
Chief Executive Officer
Alan Woods Building
25 Constitution Ave
CANBERRA CITY
ACT
2601
or
Address: PO Box 367
CANBERRA
AUSTRALIA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6268 4111
Fax: 61-2-6268 5683
d. Major International Airports:
Address: Australia Pacific Airports (Melbourne) Pty Ltd
ACN 076 999 114
Locked Bag 16
GLADSTONE PARK
VIC
3043
Tel: 61-3-9297 1600
Fax: 61-3-9297 1886
E-Mail: reception@melair.com.au
Managing Director
Address: Brisbane Airport Corporation Limited
PO Box 61
HAMILTON CENTRAL
QLD
4007
Address: Westralia Airport Corporation Pty Ltd
ACN 077 153 130
PO Box 6
CLOVERDALE
WA
6985
Tel: 61-8-9478-8888
Fax: 61-8-9277-7537
E-Mail: per@perthairport.net.au
Internet: www.perthairport.net.au
Airport Manager
Address: Adelaide Airport Limited (AAL)
1 James Schofield Drive
Adelaide International Airport
AUSTRALIA
SA
5950
Tel: 61-8-8308 9333
Fax: 61-8-8308 9311

Address: Cairns Airport Pty Ltd
PO Box 57 Airport Administration Centre
CAIRNS AIRPORT
QLD
4870
Tel: 61-7-4080 6703
Fax: 61-7-4080 6704

Address: Darwin International Airport Pty Ltd
PO Box 40996
CASUARINA
NT
0811
Tel: 61-8-8920 1811
Fax: 61-8-8920 1800
Managing Director
Address: Sydney Airports Corporation Ltd
PO Box 63
MASCOT
NSW
1460
Tel: 61-2-9667 9111
Fax: 61-2-9667 1592
e. Australian Customs and Border Protection Service
Director – Passenger Policy

Address: Australian Customs and Border Protection
AUSTRALIA
5 Constitution Avenue
CANBERRA
ACT
2600
Tel: 61-2-6275 5624
Fax: 61-2-6275 6989
E-mail: PassengerPolicy@customs.gov.au
f. Department of Immigration and Citizenship
Director – Airport Policy Section

Address: Department of Immigration and Citizenship
PO Box 25
BELCONNEN
ACT
2616
Tel: 61-2-6198 7420
Fax: 61-2-6198 7440
E-mail: airportspolicy@immi.gov.au
g. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Biosecurity (DAFF Biosecurity)
Director – Response Operations

Address: DAFF Biosecurity
PO Box 858
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6272 4143
Fax: 61-2-6272 3468
h. Health and Human Quarantine:

Director Surveillance and Management Section
Address: National Centre for Disease Control
AUSTRALIA
Department of Health and Family Services

GPO Box 9848
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6289 8606
Fax: 61-2-6289 7791
i. Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB):
Australian Transport Safety Bureau
Address: PO Box 967
Civic Square
CANBERRA
ACT
2608
Tel: 1800 011 034
61-2-6230 4408
Fax: 61-2-6274 6434
j. Bureau of Meteorology (BoM)
The Director
Bureau of Meteorology
Address: 700 Collins St.
Melbourne
VIC
3001
or
The Director
Bureau of Meteorology
Address: GPO Box 1289K
Melbourne
VIC
3001
Tel: 61-3-9669 4000
Fax: 61-3-9669 4695
AUSTRALIA
ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF AIRCRAFT
2 ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF INTERNATIONAL

FLIGHTS
2.1 PREAMBLE
2.1.1 CASA has responsibility for all operational and safety matters relating to civil aviation into,
within and from Australian territory. The Department of Infrastructure and Transport (DIT) within
respective divisions (Aviation and Airports and the Office of Transport Security) have responsibil-
ity for the economic regulatory functions relating to civil aviation into, within and from Australian
territory. Applications, when required, for non-scheduled aircraft operations must be submitted to
CASA and the respective divisions within the DIT.
2.1.2 All flights into, from, or over the territory of Australia, and landings in such territory shall be
carried out in accordance with the legislation of Australia regarding civil aviation.
2.1.3 In accordance with Section 10 of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, aircraft arriving in or depart-
ing from any part of Australian territory, shall land at and depart from airports designated by the
Minister for that purpose.
2.1.4 The international airports designated under Section 9 of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, for
entry and departure are as shown in paragraphs 3 and 9.
2.1.5 Aircraft which are completely cleared by the Customs and Border Protection Authorities at
a designated international airport are not required to confine their future landings within Australian
territory to airports proclaimed by the Customs and Border Protection Authorities for Customs pur-
poses. Nevertheless, such aircraft must depart from Australian territory from a designated interna-
tional airport.
2.1.6 Operators of any flights to or from Australia must separately have an approved Transport
Security Program (TSP). It is an offense under the Aviation Transport Security Act 2004 to oper-
ate a prescribed air service without an approval TSP. A TSP may be in force for up to five years
once approved. See Aviation Security for further information.
2.2 SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL SERVICES BY

FOREIGN AIRCRAFT OF CONTRACTING STATES TO THE CHICAGO
CONVENTION
2.2.1 An international airline of a country other than Australia shall not operate a scheduled
international air service over or into Australian territory except in accordance with an International
Airline License.
2.2.2 The requirement to hold an International Airline License does not apply to the following
categories of scheduled international air services:
a. scheduled international air services that fly over Australian territory but do not land in Aus-
tralian territory;
b. scheduled international air services that land in Australian territory but do not set down or
take on passengers or cargo for reward or hire;
AUSTRALIA
c. scheduled international air services operated in accordance with an agreement, between an

international airline and the holder of an international airline license, that the Secretary has
approved in writing.
2.2.3 An International Airline License shall not be granted to an international airline of a country
other than Australia unless that country and Australia are parties to the Air Transit Agreement, or
to some other agreement or arrangement, whether bilateral or multi-lateral under which scheduled
international air services of that other country may, subject to the agreement or arrangement, be
operated over or into Australian territory.
2.2.4 Applicants for an International Airline License may obtain a copy of Guidance Notes for
Applicants at: http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/ial/index.aspx.
2.2.5 All holders of International Airline Licences are required to notify the Secretary of the
Department of Infrastructure and Transport in an approved form of any new international (sched-
uled) air service. The requirements for lodging of timetables by international airlines are set out in
Air Navigation Regulation 20 and 21 (not published herein).
2.2.6 Currently, the approved form is the airline’s normal operating timetable which should con-
tain the route to be operated by the airline both into and out of Australia, the origin, intermediate
and destination points, the times of departure to and arrival from these points, the frequency of
each service, flight numbers, aircraft type and capacity to be used on each service. Advice that
airport slot allocations have been obtained from the Australian Schedule Coordinator (see Flight
Planning, Slot Allocations) and a Compliance Declaration form (CDF) also needs to be lodged
with the timetable applications. An application for approval of a timetable must be lodged with the
Secretary not less than 35 days before the date from which the airline proposes to operate the
service in accordance with the timetable, or within such shorter period as the Secretary allows.
Should an airline wish to lodge an application in less than the 35 day period, it should provide its
reasons for wanting to do so. For practical purposes, lodgement “with the Secretary” means lodg-
ement with the General Manager of the Aviation Industry Policy Branch, DIT.
2.2.7 In addition to an Australian International Airline Licence, an operator of a proposed sched-
uled service to Australia is required to hold an Australian Foreign aircraft Air Operator’s Certificate
(FAOC) issued by the CASA.
2.2.8 Application forms for FAOCs are available from:
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: +61 7 3144 7400
Fax: +61 7 3144 7599
E-Mail: International_Ops@casa.gov.au
2.2.9 In addition to the requirements to obtain an International Airline License and FAOC, all air-
craft operators should note the separate requirement for transport security plan approval in Avia-
AUSTRALIA
tion Security and the aircraft noise certification requirements in Aircraft: Noise Operating Restric-
tions.
2.3 NON-SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL SERVICES BY

FOREIGN AIRCRAFT OF CONTRACTING STATES TO THE CHICAGO
CONVENTION
2.3.1 Definition of Non-scheduled Services — Non-scheduled service, in relation to an air-
craft that possesses the nationality of a Contracting State, means a flight by that aircraft over or
into Australian territory other than under the authority of an international airline license.
2.3.2 Where an aircraft makes a commercial non-scheduled flight into or out of Australian terri-
tory it shall have prior permission from both the DIT and the CASA. However, certain categories
of non-scheduled flights have standing DIT approvals — see ATFM Slot Allocations. Notwith-
standing these provisions all operators should note the separate requirement for prescribed air
services to hold an approved transport security plan further described in the Aviation Security sec-
tion and the Aircraft: Noise Operating Restrictions requirements.
2.3.3 DIT international freight and charter policy guidelines, and permission for flights, may be
obtained by writing to the DIT address, or by Fax to 61-2-6274 6749 or at: http://www.infrastruc-
ture.gov.au/aviation/international/guidelines.aspx. When applying for permission for flights, appli-
cants must advise DIT of permission for slot allocation from the Australian Schedule Coordinator
(see ATFM, Slot Allocations).
2.3.4 An application form for CASA permission for non-scheduled flights can be obtained from
CASA. Written requests containing the information listed in the following paragraph will also be
accepted.
2.3.5 The following information is required in an application for permission for non-scheduled
flights:
a. name and address of operator;
b. type of aircraft and registration mark;
c. purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and weight of cargo being unloa-
ded at the Australian airports involved;
d. copy of operator’s Air Operator’s Certificate or equivalent;
e. certificate of airworthiness for the aircraft;
f. certificate of registration for the aircraft;
g. for aircraft powered by turbine engines that have a maximum take-off weight of more than
15,000kg, or are carrying 10 or more passengers, confirmation that the aircraft is equipped
with a GPWS;
h. for aircraft powered by turbine engines that have a maximum take-off weight of more than
15,000kg, or if permitted by its type certificate to have passenger seating of more than 30
seats, confirmation that the aircraft is fitted with TCAS II equipment;
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i. date and expected time of arrival and departure from all airports concerned in Australian
Territory (Times must be expressed in the sequence Month Day Hour Minute UTC; e.g.
11101624 UTC [1624 on 10 November, UTC]; a mix of local date and UTC times must not
be used);
j. the number of passengers that will be carried on board the aircraft;
k. for turbine powered aircraft, confirmation that the aircraft meets the requirements of ICAO
Annex 16, Volume 1, Chapter 3; and
l. for aircraft that may operate above FL290, confirmation that the aircraft is approved for
operation in RVSM airspace.
NOTE: Additional information may be required depending on the type of operation and air-
ports that will be used while in Australian territory. Requests for additional information may
be issued after an initial assessment of the application for a non-scheduled flight approval.
2.3.6 At the same time that permission is sought from DIT and CASA, an aircraft operator,
through the designated representative, must obtain and agree to the conditions of use (including
aircraft charges) or similar policies as applied by each airport owner or operator. Airport Owners
and Operators are listed in the Airport Directory.
2.3.7 Applications for permission should be accompanied by the prescribed fees. Details of
application fees under ANR 329 and Part 5, Division 3 of the Air Services Act 1995, may be
obtained from the DIT and Airservices respectively at the addresses shown in paragraph 1.2.3.

AUSTRALIAN AIRCRAFT
2.4.1 DIT permission must be sought as per the requirements in paragraph 2.3; however, see
paragraph 2.5 for standing approvals. Irrespective of standing approvals contained in Section 2.5,
all aircraft operators should note the separate requirement for transport security plan approval in
Section 2.10 and the aircraft noise certification requirements in Section 2.14.
2.4.2 CASA permission is required under Section 26 of the Civil Aviation Act. Operators should
make application to the local Area or Airline Office of the CASA.
NOTE: Separate CASA permission is not required if the operator’s AOC is specifically endorsed
to authorize such international flights.
AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIAN, NON-CONTRACTING STATES, AND CONTRACTING
STATES WHICH DO NOT REQUIRE PRIOR APPROVAL — DIT ONLY
2.5.1 A delegate to the Secretary of DIT, pursuant to subsection 15A(3) of the Air Navigation Act
1920 (the Act), has determined that permission is not required in respect of the following catego-
ries of non-scheduled international commercial flights:
a. programs of passenger charter flights by aircraft with a capacity of 10 or fewer seats;
b. 5 or fewer passenger charter flights with aircraft with a capacity of between 10 and 40 seats;
c. 2 or fewer passenger charter flights with aircraft with a capacity of between 40 and 80 seats;
d. single charter flights:
e. single-entity freight charter flights; and
f. own use charter flights.
2.5.2 Operators of any flight included in one of the categories above are required under subsec-
tion 15A(7), within 14 days after the end of the flight, to give a written notice to the General Man-
ager, Aviation Industry Policy Branch, setting out the following details in relation to the flight and
the passengers, cargo, and mail:
a. the name and address of the charterer;
b. the name and address of the charter operator;
c. the type and capacity of the aircraft;
d. whether the flight was a single charter flight or part of a program of charter flights;
e. if the aircraft carried cargo, the type of cargo;
f. the following particulars of the flight:
1. the place where the flight began;
2. the place where the flight ended;
3. any intermediate stopping places, specifying at which places passengers, cargo or mail
were taken on or discharged;
4. the dates of departure from, and arrival at, the places mentioned in the preceding sub-
paragraphs;
g. whether the flight was a “single entity freight charter flight” as defined below; and
h. whether the flight was an “own use charter flight” as defined below.
2.5.3 Operators may provide details of more than one flight in a single notification provided that
the Department receives notification of all flights within 14 days after the end of each individual
flight. If Australian authorities find that charter flights coming within the above categories are being
repeated in close proximity, operators may be required to submit applications for approval of any
further flights.
AUSTRALIA
2.5.4 Any proposed flights to or from the following countries, or involving the carriage of passen-
gers or cargo between Australia and the following countries, may not be operated without the
prior approval of the Secretary of the Department of Infrastructure and Transport:
a. Afghanistan;
b. Iraq;
c. Yemen; and
d. Somalia.
NOTE: Changes to this list shall be notified by NOTAM as required
2.5.5 All operators should note the separate requirement for transport security plan approval in
Section 2.10 and the aircraft noise certification requirements in paragraph 2.14.
2.5.6 The determination referred to in paragraph 2.5.1 defines the following terms:
– charter flight means a flight for traffic purposes into or out of Australian territory not forming
part of an approved scheduled international air service;
– own-use charter means a flight where the entire capacity of the aircraft is chartered by a
single organization or individual to carry its own staff or passengers who are an affinity group
(i.e., members of organizations established mainly for purposes other than travel), or to carry
cargo it owns for its own use.
– single charter means a one-off charter flight, being a charter flight which is not part of a pro-
gram of charter flights operating over the same route.
– single-entity freight charter means a freight charter flight or flights where the whole aircraft is
chartered by a single organization or individual and the consignment is homogenous (e.g.,
computers, meat, livestock or horses) and does not include consignments consolidated by
freight forwarders.
2.6 INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN AIRCRAFT NOT

POSSESSING NATIONALITY OF CONTRACTING STATE TO THE
CHICAGO CONVENTION
2.6.1 For international flights over or into Australian territory where the carrier is registered in a
State which is not a party to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, the operator shall
obtain prior permission through diplomatic channels. All such requests must be in writing.
2.7 FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN “STATE AIRCRAFT”

2.7.1 Applications for State aircraft flights must be made through Headquarters Joint Air Com-
mand at least 14 days before the proposed date of entry into, or overflight of Australia. Short
notice requests will be considered where exceptional circumstances apply. Applications should be
AUSTRALIA
faxed to: +61-2-6128–5175, or emailed to: dipa.hqac@defence.gov.au; attention: Diplomatic

Clearance Officer. The following information is required:
a. aircraft operator;
b. aircraft type;
c. countries visited;
d. registration number;
e. call-sign;
f. captain;
g. complete list of crew names;
h. complete list of passenger names;
i. purpose of the flight;
j. itinerary in times UTC including previous and next destinations;
k. all FIR boundary entry and exit times;
l. flight routes;
m. ground handling requirements;
n. aircraft altitudes and flight speeds;
o. dangerous cargo and weapons details;
p. hazardous materials; and
q. whether any electronic or photosensory equipment will be on board the aircraft and, if so, its
intended use.
NOTE: Any amendments should be advised ASAP so that ground handling arrangements may be
made.
2.7.2 When approved, a clearance will be sent via FAX or via telephone to the respective
embassy or high commission. This clearance is valid for all the details as per the original diplo-
matic clearance request plus 24 hours.
2.7.3 Questions relating to diplomatic clearance should be addressed to the Diplomatic Clear-
ance Officer on telephone +61-2-6128-4819, or email: dipa.hqac@defence.gov.au. After hours
diplomatic clearance services are available through the Air & Space Operations Centre, watch
keeper, telephone +61-2-6128-4810 or email: dipa.hqac@defence.gov.au.
2.7.4 In accordance with Section 19 of the Air Navigation Act 1920, munitions of war or imple-
ments of war shall not be carried by an aircraft in or over Australian territory, or by an Australian
aircraft outside Australian territory, except with the permission in writing of the Secretary of the
Department of Infrastructure and Transport — see Aviation Security.
AUSTRALIA
2.8 INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE FLIGHTS

2.8.1 A private flight means a flight by an aircraft carrying passengers or cargo whose costs are
met by the owner and/or operator of the aircraft.
2.8.2 Section 14 of the Air Navigation Act 1920 allows an aircraft that possesses the nationality
of a Contracting State undertaking a private flight to enter or leave Australia or fly in transit across
Australia without the requirement of obtaining prior permission. However, please note the provi-
sions of paragraph 2.14 in relation to aircraft noise certification.
2.8.3 An operator of an Australian registered aircraft seeking to conduct a private international
flight is hereby granted permission under Section 26 of the Civil Aviation Act 1988. No specific
operational assessment is required for such flights, but pilots are advised of the following:
a. In addition to the requirements of CAR 139 (Documents to be carried in Australian aircraft), a
journey log book shall be carried in which shall be entered particulars of the aircraft, its crew
and of each journey; and
b. The rules and regulations pertaining to the flight and maneuvering of aircraft, shall comply
with the following:
1. Australian rules, where applicable;
2. ICAO rules, when operating over the high seas; and
3. Foreign State rules, where applicable, while flying over a foreign State’s territory.
2.8.4 When the doors of the aircraft are closed, the pilot in command must assume and exercise
responsibility for the safety of the crew, the passengers and the cargo.
2.8.5 The pilot in command must assume and exercise responsibility for the operation and
safety of the aircraft from the moment that the airplane is ready to move for the purpose of taking-
off until the moment when it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight and the engines used as
primary propulsion units are shut down.
2.8.6 If an emergency endangers the safety of the aircraft or persons on aboard and requires
action in violation of the law of a foreign State, the pilot in command must:
a. as soon as practicable, tell the foreign State authority responsible for that law; and
b. if required by the authority, give a written report of the violation to the authority; and
c. send a copy of the report to CASA.
2.8.7 The pilot in command must assume and exercise responsibility to tell the nearest appropri-
ate State authority, by the quickest means possible, of any accident involving the aircraft that has
resulted in:
a. death or serious injury to any person; or
b. substantial damage to the aircraft or any property.
2.8.8 The pilot in command may not operate at an aerodrome using lower operating minima
than those established for the aerodrome by the responsible authority, without approval from the
AUSTRALIA
responsible authority. The pilot in command may utilize operating minima lower than 200 ft with-
out approval from CASA.
2.8.9 Before a flight, the pilot in command must ensure that the aircraft is carrying the following:
a. an accessible first aid kit;
b. current and suitable charts for the route of the proposed flight and for all routes along that
route to which it is reasonable to expect the flight may be diverted;
c. procedures for pilots in command of intercepted aircraft, as described in Annex 2 to the Con-
vention on International Civil Aviation;
d. sufficient spare electrical fuses of appropriate ratings to replace fuses on the aircraft that are
accessible during flight.
NOTE: The items mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (d) are in addition to the minimum equipment or
materials:
a. necessary for the issuance of a certificate of airworthiness; or
b. prescribed by Australian aviation law.
2.8.10 Before departure from Australian territory, the pilot in command must ensure that:
a. the certificate of airworthiness for the aircraft will remain valid while the aircraft is outside
Australian territory; and
b. either:
1. the maintenance release for the aircraft will not expire while the aircraft is outside Aus-
tralian territory; or
2. before the maintenance release expires, an authorized person will issue a maintenance
release; and
c. if the pilot in command is not the registered operator of the aircraft — arrangements are in
place with the registered operator for the pilot in command to be notified about any urgent
maintenance or operational requirements while the aircraft is outside Australian territory.
NOTE: Urgent maintenance or operational requirements include, for example, Airworthiness
Directives.
2.9 PROVISION FOR ENTRY OF FOREIGN AIRCRAFT ENGAGED IN

SEARCH AND RESCUE (SAR)
2.9.1 The following provisions relate to the entry into and the departure from Australian territory
for foreign aircraft engaged in Search and Rescue (SAR) Operations.
2.9.2. Entry Request — Foreign aircraft may enter Australian territory for the purposes of
Search and Rescue upon ATC notification only through the submission of a Flight Plan. As much
advance notice as possible should be given to facilitate entry clearance procedures.
2.9.3 Advice of Early Approval — The Rescue Coordination Centre responsible for the Search
and Rescue Region (SRR) in which the SAR operation will take place shall advise the originator
AUSTRALIA
of the Flight Plan message whether or not the proposed entry into Australian territory is approved,
and will specify any conditions which must be complied with.
2.9.4 Airports — All foreign aircraft, whether state or civil, operating into Australian territory on
SAR operations, should, as far as practicable, make entry into and departure from Australian terri-
tory at a designated International Airport.
2.10 AVIATION SECURITY

2.10.1 The Office of Transport Security (OTS) is a division of the Department of Infrastructure
and Transport and is the Australian Government’s security regulator of the Australian transport
industry and primary adviser on transport security. The OTS regulates the aviation, maritime,
supply chain (air cargo) and offshore oil and gas industries, and provides advice on international
obligations to transport security developments and the implications of those obligations for Aus-
tralian Government policies and practices.
The OTS administers regulatory authority through the Aviation Transport Security Act 2004 and
Aviation Transport Security Regulations 2005. Links to this legislation and further information
about the OTS is available from the Departmental website at: http://www.infrastructure.gov.au.
The OTS maintains a Transport Security Coordination Centre (TSCC) which is operational 24
hours, seven days a week. Aviation security incidents defined under the Aviation Transport Secur-
ity Act 2004 must be reported to the TSCC by email at: transport.security@infrastructure.gov.au
or by telephone to 1300 307 288 (from within Australia) or +61 2 6274 8187 (from overseas).
2.10.2 The Aviation Transport Security Act 2004 (Division 2 of Part 2) requires that all operators
of a prescribed air service operating within, to, or from Australia are required to have an approved
Transport Security Program (TSP). A prescribed air service includes an air service with a certified
maximum take-off weight greater than 5,700 kilograms and is further defined in regulation 1.06 of
the Aviation Transport Security Regulations 2005. It is an offense under the Aviation Transport
Security Act 2004 to operate a prescribed air service without an approved TSP.
2.10.3 International recognition of approved aviation security plans of other nations is not availa-
ble. TSP are required to comply with the Aviation Transport Security Act 2004. A TSP essentially
contains security risk information about the relevant aviation industry segment as it applies to the
full nature of the operations of the prescribed air service and articulates the security practices and
measures applicable to ensure a safe, secure, sustainable aviation transport system.
2.10.4 Under the Aviation Transport Security Act 2004, Transport Security Plans (TSP) remain
subject for up to a 60 day consideration period for approval; therefore, operators of prescribed air
services are advised to submit a TSP as soon as practical in order that the intended commence-
ment of air services are not unintentionally affected. Guidance for the production and lodgement
of a TSP for approval is available on the Department of Infrastructure and Transport website at:
http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/transport/security/aviation/tsp/index.aspx.
2.10.5 Responses to regulatory approval lodgements and enquiries occur during normal busi-
ness hours. Lodgement of regulatory approvals including TSP should be made by email to:
national.coordinator@infrastructure.gov.au.
Enquiries determining whether a TSP is required are to include:
AUSTRALIA
a. whether an application has been made or approved for Flights by Foreign “State Aircraft” —
see Section 2.7.
b. if application has not been made or approved per above then the following information is
required:
(i) the legal entity name of the aircraft operator;
(ii) the name and address of the aircraft operator;
(iii) the name and address of any engaged or intended ground handling agent;
(iv) the type and capacity of the aircraft;
(v) whether the flight is a single charter or part of scheduled or unscheduled program of
flights and the period in which it is intended to operate;
(vi) the nature of the aircraft operations (purpose of flight) including if the aircraft is carrying
cargo, the type cargo;
(vii) the place/places where the flight/flights will originate;
(viii) any intermediate stopping places specifying at which places passengers or cargo
(including mail) were taken on board or discharged;
(ix) the intended date of commencement of the service/flight; and
(x) details of any wet or dry lease arrangements.
10.2.6 In accordance with Section 19 of the Air Navigation Act 1920, munitions of war or imple-
ments of war shall not be carried by an aircraft in or over Australian territory, or by an Australian
aircraft outside Australian territory, except with the permission in writing of the Secretary of the
Department of Infrastructure and Transport. Applications for transportation of munitions of war
should be lodged with the Secretary through the, Transport Security Coordination Centre at:
Department of Infrastructure and Transport, Office of Transport and Security, GPO Box 594 Can-
berra ACT 2601 or transport.security@infrastructure.gov.au.
2.11 FOREIGN CLEARANCES — AUSTRALIAN AIRCRAFT

2.11.1 Australian aircraft operators are responsible for obtaining foreign clearances when nec-
essary for overflights of, or landings in, the territory of another State.
2.11.2 Clearances for a small number of countries which do not accept direct applications from
private operators must be arranged by application through the Department of Foreign Affairs and
Trade.
2.11.3 Pilots are advised that their flight plans will not be considered by some countries unless
documentation of onward foreign clearance is produced.
2.12 AIRCRAFT ON INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS TO COMPLY WITH LAWS

2.12.1 Section 16 of the Air Navigation Act 1920, provides that “The owner, the operator, the
hirer, the pilot-in-command and any other pilot of an aircraft arriving in Australian territory from a
place outside Australian territory or departing from Australian territory for a place outside Austral-
AUSTRALIA
ian territory shall comply with the provisions of all applicable laws, whether of the Commonwealth
or of a State or Territory of the Commonwealth, for the time being in force, including laws relating
to the entry or clearance of passengers, crew or cargo, immigration, passports, customs and
quarantine”.
2.13 SECTION 22 OF THE CIVIL AVIATION ACT 1988

2.13.1 This section gives effect in Australian law to the provisions of Article 3 of the Chicago
Convention, which prohibits the use of force against civil aircraft and provides for the regulation of
civil aircraft flying over the territory of foreign countries without authorization or for any purpose
that is inconsistent with the aims of the Chicago Convention.
2.13.2 A major requirement of this legislation is that aircraft under Australian jurisdiction shall
not be flown over the territory of a foreign country without authorization or for a purpose that is
prejudicial to the security, public order or safety of air navigation in that country. If an aircraft is
being flown in these circumstances the pilot-in-command shall comply with an order to land or any
other instruction that is given by an authorized official of the foreign country.
2.13.3 The legislation provides for the pilot-in-command who is found guilty of an offence under
this legislation to be subject to severe penalty. Ancillary offenders (for example, the operator) may
be prosecuted under the Crimes Act.
2.13.4 It should be noted that nothing in this legislation relieves obligations which any other law,
including the law of a foreign country, might impose. An Australian aircraft which is flying with
proper authorization over the territory of a foreign country is required to obey a direction legally
given by the aeronautical authorities of the country concerned, just as a foreign aircraft flying over
Australian territory is required to obey a lawful direction which may be given by the relevant Aus-
tralian authorities.
2.14 AIRCRAFT: NOISE OPERATING RESTRICTIONS

2.14.1 Under the Air Navigation (Aircraft Noise) Regulations, international and domestic aircraft
operating in Australia are required to be certified as compliant with the relevant ICAO Annex 16
noise standards. Subsonic jets must be certified as Chapter 3 or Chapter 4. Aircraft with Chapter
2 noise certification are not permitted to operate. Operators who want to operate a Chapter 2 air-
craft must apply for permission to operate.
2.14.2 Large, marginally noise compliant (MCC3) jet aircraft are prohibited from operating at:
Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Hobart, Canberra, Darwin, Cairns, Gold Coast,
Newcastle (Williamtown), Essendon and Avalon airports. For a full list of potentially affected air-
craft types please contact the General Manager, Aviation Environment Branch.
2.14.3 Operators of MCC3 aircraft who want to operate at these airports must apply to the
Department of Infrastructure and Transport for a (noise) permission to operate.
2.14.4 Aircraft owners and pilots requiring information about aircraft noise operating restrictions
or the Air Navigation (Aircraft Noise) Regulations should contact:
General Manager
Aviation Environment Branch
AUSTRALIA

CANBERRA
ACT
AUSTRALIA
2601
Tel: +61-2-6274 7009
Fax: +61-2-6274 7804
E-Mail: aircraftpermits@infrastructure.gov.au
IMPORTANT – International operators must also contact the Australian Civil Aviation Safety
Authority (CASA) to apply for a (safety) permission to operate in Australian Territory.
3 DESIGNATED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS — AUSTRALIA

NOTE: Operations by aircraft at all of the airports listed in the following paragraphs are limited to
the pavement strengths shown against the airport published in the Airport Directory. Prior applica-
tion must be made for a pavement concession where this is necessary.
3.1 MAJOR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

3.1.1 “Major International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure for international air
traffic where all formalities incident to Customs (Customs and Border Protection), Immigration (the
Department of Immigration and Citizenship/DIAC), and Quarantine (the Department of Agricul-
ture, Fisheries and Forestry Biosecurity/DAFF Biosecurity), and similar procedures are carried
out.
Airport Clearances Available

Adelaide
Brisbane
Cairns (Note)
Darwin Customs, Quarantine and Immigration
Melbourne
Perth
Sydney
NOTE: Reasonable notification required for non-scheduled traffic at Cairns.
3.2 RESTRICTED USE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

3.2.1 “Restricted Use International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure at which the
formalities incident to Customs, Immigration, and Quarantine and similar procedures are made
available on a restricted basis to flights with prior approval only. The Airline or its agent/represen-
AUSTRALIA
tatives may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of resour-
ces from another border agency base to a Restricted Use International Airport.

Avalon
Broome
Canberra
Gold Coast Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
Hobart with approved flights only.
Port Hedland
Townsville
Williamtown/Newcastle
Coffs Harbour Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
with approved flights only.
Coffs Harbour is not a proclaimed first port of entry and landing
place for overseas aircraft and may only be nominated as an al-
ternative for flights with prior DAFF Biosecurity approval.
Learmonth Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
Learmonth is not permanently staffed by border agencies, and is
serviced for international flights under a request for service ar-
rangement.
Lord Howe I Customs and Immigration are provided to coincide with approved
flights only.
DAFF Biosecurity does not currently have any approved officers
on Lord Howe Island that are trained to undertake international
aircraft clearances.
3.3 ALTERNATE AIRPORTS TO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

3.3.1 “Alternate Airport” means an airport specified in the flight plan to which a flight may pro-
ceed when it becomes inadvisable to land at the airport of intended landing. (See also paragraph
7). The Airline or its agent/representatives may be responsible for covering additional expenses
relating to the positioning of resources from another border agency base to an Alternate Airport.
AUSTRALIA

Canberra*
Customs, Quarantine and Immigration Clearances are available
Gold Coast
if reasonable notification of diversion is given.
Port Hedland
Alice Springs Serviced for international arrivals in the event of an emergency/
Avalon stress. In such an instance, all passengers and crew must re-
main on board where safe to do so. Aircraft should then proceed
Coffs Harbour to a major international airport for clearance.
Kalgoorlie
Launceston
Learmonth
Rockhampton
Tindal
Customs, Quarantine and Immigration Clearances are available
Townsville**
* See paragraph 7.2.4
** Townsville may be nominated as an international alternate for wide bodied aircraft subject to
the following conditions:
a. Use of the military apron will be subject to the requirements of the RAAF.
b. Taxiway “K” may be used when the military apron is not available.
3.4 INTERNATIONAL NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHT AIRPORTS

3.4.1 “International Non-Scheduled Flight Airport” means an airport at which approval may be
granted, provided the prescribed prior notice is given, for international non-scheduled flights only.
No other form of international operation is permitted.
Airport Clearance Available

Customs, Quarantine, and Immigration clearances are available if
Horn I
reasonable prior notice is given.
3.5 EXTERNAL TERRITORY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

3.5.1 “External Territory International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure for inter-
national air traffic, located upon an Australian External Territory, where all formalities incident to
Immigration, Quarantine and Territory Customs and similar procedures are available. Australia
external territory international airports are as follows:
AUSTRALIA

Christmas I (Indian Ocean)
Cocos Is Immigration, Quarantine and Territory Customs
Norfolk I
4 RESERVED
5 TORRES STRAIT QUARANTINE REQUIREMENTS
5.1 There are a number of pests and diseases present in the Torres Strait and nearby Papua
New Guinea that are not found on mainland Australia. Consequently, quarantine legislation gov-
erns the movement of certain goods such as fresh fruit and vegetables, meat and meat products,
live plants, seeds and plant materials, live animals, hides, skins, animal material and soil, south
from the “Torres Strait Protected Zone” (northern islands) to the “Special Quarantine Zone”
(Thursday Island group), or from either of these two zones to the mainland.
5.2 Movement of these goods is restricted unless authorized by an Australian Quarantine and
Inspection Service (AQIS) officer.
5.3 In addition, pilots should ensure that aircraft transiting south from either of these zones have
been suitably disinsected.
5.4 Pilots must also ensure that they notify AQIS if they intend to depart the Torres Strait for
mainland areas. This can be done either 30 minutes prior to departure from the Torres Strait, or at
least 30 minutes prior to arrival on the mainland. Once notification is received, a “notification
number” will be issued by AQIS, which all pilots should record for future auditing purposes. Pilots
wishing to advise AQIS of arrival should contact Cairns airport on 07 4030 7886. After Hours, call
0417 749 256. Further information call AQIS Cairns: 07 4030 7800.
AUSTRALIA
ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF PASSENGERS AND CREW
5 ENTRY AND DEPARTURE REQUIREMENTS AND

PROCEDURES WITHIN AUSTRALIA
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.1.1 The Australian requirements for entry and departure of aircraft engaged in international
flights, and the standard procedure for clearance of these aircraft at Australian designated inter-
national airports, are advised for the information and guidance of operators conducting interna-
tional flights to and from Australia.
5.1.2 The standard procedures are designed to facilitate the clearance of passengers through
the three stages of examination — the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service (Cus-
toms and Border Protection), the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC) and the
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Biosecurity (DAFF) Biosecurity.
5.2 SUMMARY OF DOCUMENTS TO BE PRESENTED BY PILOT-IN-

COMMAND OR AUTHORIZED AGENT
NOTE: All documents required are to be furnished in English and originals and all copies must be
completely legible. Names should be shown in block letters, and with regard to names of passen-
gers, initials at least are to be inserted. Care must be taken to ensure that all documents are fully
and accurately completed.
5.2.1 At First Airport of Call in Australia.
a. Impending Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection the impending arrival of
the aircraft. The impending arrival report (IAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS not
more than 10 days before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft and not later than three
(3) hours before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft.
b. Actual Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection the particulars of the
arrival of the aircraft and the time of arrival. The actual arrival report (AAR) must be lodged
electronically in the ICS within three (3) hours of the arrival of the aircraft or before the certifi-
cate of clearance is issued, whichever occurs first.
c. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wine, spirits and tobacco products) 1 copy
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection, the particulars of the air-
craft’s stores and of any prohibited goods contained in those stores at the time of arrival. The
report of aircraft stores and prohibited goods must be made within three (3) hours of the
arrival of the aircraft or before the certificate of clearance is issued, whichever happens first.
d. Articles in Possession — Aircrew 1 copy each
5.2.1.1 Signing of Documents:
The copy of the General Declaration for the DAFF Biosecurity officer and the health section of this
copy must be signed by the pilot-in-command. Other copies of this document may be signed by
AUSTRALIA
either the pilot-in-command or authorized agent. Each individual crew member must complete a
copy of Articles in Possession Aircrew form. Either the pilot or the authorized agent may sign the
list of stores. Documents, except those for presentation to the DAFF Biosecurity officer, must be
signed in the presence of the Customs and Border Protection Officer.
5.2.2 At Airports other than First Airport of Call in Australia
5.2.2.1 At stops other than the first airport of call, the pilot-in-command or authorized agent will
present for clearance purposes the copy of the General Declaration signed and stamped by the
Customs and Border Protection Officer prior to departure from the previous stop. A hard copy of
the cargo manifest is not required where the carrier has full EDI with the Customs Air Cargo Auto-
mation (ACA) system.
5.2.2.2 Impending Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection the impending arrival of the
aircraft. The impending arrival report (IAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS not more than
10 days before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft and not later than three (3) hours before
the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft.
a. Actual Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
b. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wine, spirits and tobacco products) 1 copy
5.2.3 At First Airport of Departure from Australia
a. General Declaration 3 copies
b. Export Permits (where required)
NOTE: One copy of the General Declaration must be signed and one copy of each manifest
initialed by the pilot in command or authorized agent.
c. Departure Report (electronic, lodged in the ICS)
The departure report is a prerequisite that must be satisfied before a certificate of clearance
can be granted by Customs and Border Protection. A departure report is a statement made
by the pilot or owner of the aircraft, or an agent, to Customs and Border Protection providing
information concerning the proposed date and time of departure of the aircraft. The depar-
ture report must be lodged electronically in the ICS.
d. Outwards Manifest (electronic, lodged in the ICS)
AUSTRALIA
The pilot or owner of the aircraft must communicate electronically to Customs and Border
Protection, not later than three (3) days after the day of departure of the aircraft, an outwards
manifest. The outwards manifest must specify all goods that were loaded on board the air-
craft.
5.2.4 Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) Biosecurity
Requirements
Detailed information about DAFF Biosecurity requirements for overseas aircraft can be found in
the “Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) Guidelines for Airline and Aircraft Oper-
ators Arriving in Australia” document that can be found on the DAFF Biosecurity website at: http://
www.daff.gov.au/aqis/avm/aircraft/guidelines-operators.
5.2.4.1 The pilot in command of an aircraft landing at a designated international airport which is
the first airport of call in Australia must furnish one copy of the General Declaration signed by
him/her to the agencies.
5.2.4.2 All aircraft are required to meet Australia’s disinsection requirement. The Commander of
an overseas aircraft (or, if the Commander is not the operator of the aircraft, the operator of the
aircraft) will make arrangements for the disinsection of the aircraft in a manner, and within a time,
approved by a Director of Quarantine.
The following disinsection options are available to airline operators to meet Australia’s cabin and
hold disinsection requirements —
Cabin Hold
Residual Residual
Pre-embarkation Pre-flight
Pre-flight and Top of Descent Pre-flight
On-arrival On-arrival
Disinsection Compliance Agreements with either DAFF Biosecurity or Ministry of Agriculture and
Forestry Biosecurity New Zealand (MAFBNZ) are required for the residual or pre-embarkation
option.
Refer to the AQIS/MAFBNZ Schedule of Aircraft Disinsection Procedures on the DAFF Biosecur-
ity website for more information on disinsection.
5.2.4.3 Pre-arrival Reporting Requirements. Prior to arrival at a first port of call in Australia, the
Commander of an international aircraft will advise DAFF Biosecurity of the following:
a. Any person onboard the aircraft who has died during the flight or is suffering from an illness;
b. If a person with a prescribed symptom (see below) is on board the aircraft during the flight;
c. If the arrangements for disinsection of the aircraft have not been complied with in the manner
approved by a Director of Quarantine;
d. If any live animal is on board the aircraft;
AUSTRALIA
e. If any animal died during the flight;

f. (For non--scheduled flights), the identity of the aircraft, the place in Australia, Christmas
Island or the Cocos Islands where the aircraft is to arrive and its estimated time of arrival.
This information will be provided as close to top of descent as is operationally practicable, but in
any case at least 30 minutes before the aircraft is on chocks (Under certain circumstances DAFF
Biosecurity may notify the Commander of the aircraft that the information is to be given at a differ-
ent time.)
After this information is reported, if the Commander becomes aware the information is incomplete
or incorrect they will provide additional information or correct the information as soon as practica-
ble.
Any contaminants on the aircraft from dead or sick people must be cleaned or disinfected in
accordance with post-event disinfection procedures for aircraft, as outlined in the World Health
Organization 2009 Guide to Hygiene and Sanitation in Aviation, third edition.
The prescribed symptoms which will be reported are:
a. a temperature over 38°C
b. acute unexplained skin rashes or lesions, and rashes or lesions caused by illness or expo-
sure to hazardous agents (but not heat rashes, dermatitis, eczema or similar common skin
conditions)
c. persistent or severe vomiting (but not vomiting caused by inebriation or motion sickness);
d. persistent, watery or profuse diarrhea;
e. bleeding from the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, anus or skin (but not if the subject is predisposed
to nosebleeds or hemorrhoids, or has cuts or abrasions);
f. glandular swelling in the armpits or neck;
g. prolonged loss of consciousness, if the subject cannot be roused (but not loss of conscious-
ness caused by consumption of alcohol, drugs or medications, fainting or sleeping);
h. persistent coughing and difficulty breathing with no apparent cause and no history of similar
symptoms (but not persistent coughing and difficulty breathing caused by asthma, heart dis-
ease, obesity, chronic bronchitis or emphysema);
i. in the case of a person with restricted mobility or an otherwise healthy young child — an
inability to disembark from a vessel without assistance.
5.2.4.4 Pratique is the determination of the health status of passengers and crew of an overseas
vessel arriving at an approved landing place in Australia and the subsequent granting of permis-
sion to disembark. Aircraft entering Australia operate under a system of automatic pratique. Under
this system permission to disembark is automatically granted, unless any of the following applies:
– prior to arrival the Commander has reported the presence of one of the circumstances descri-
bed above in para 5.2.4.3 a to i;
AUSTRALIA
– the Director of Human Quarantine has given a direction, before the aircraft arrives, that pra-
tique is not taken to have been granted; or
– a DAFF biosecurity officer advises the Commander of the aircraft, before or after the aircraft
arrives but before disembarkation of passengers, that he or she is not satisfied that the aircraft
is free from infection.
Any aircraft not entering under automatic pratique will be met on arrival by a DAFF biosecurity
officer. All passengers and crew must remain onboard until pratique is granted by this officer.
When the DAFF biosecurity officer is satisfied that there are no further biosecurity issues, they will
verbally grant pratique and advise that disembarkation and the unloading of baggage and cargo
may commence. A Certificate of Pratique will then be provided to the airline, usually by faxing it to
the ground handling agent. All Non-Regular Passenger Transport (RPT) will be met on arrival by
a DAFF biosecurity officer.
5.2.4.5 Quarantine in-flight Announcement. Prior to arrival in Australia, Commanders of all inter-
national aircraft will provide an in-flight announcement to all passengers travelling (including crew)
which outlines Australia’s biosecurity requirements. A video/DVD, in a number of formats and lan-
guages is available from the DAFF Biosecurity Passengers and Mail Branch in Canberra. If the
video/DVD cannot be shown, Commanders need to ensure that their crew make a verbal
announcement on flights prior to arrival in Australia.
5.2.4.6 All persons (passengers and crew) arriving in Australia must have the following docu-
ments ready for examination by a DAFF biosecurity officer:
a. An Immigration Incoming Passenger Card (although this is an Immigration document, it may
facilitate health clearances).
b. International Certificate of Vaccination against Yellow Fever (if in the last six days they have
visited a yellow fever declared country).
5.2.4.7 For ill passengers that are in transit through Australia the requirements are the same as
for those entering Australia. Passengers in transit are not permitted to leave the transit area other
than for actual boarding of their outward flight. If the time between arrival and departure allows it
and is determined to be advisable, the person may either be isolated in a biosecurity facility at the
expense of the airline or released with restrictions, under DAFF biosecurity surveillance.
5.2.4.8 Passengers and crew will pass from the aircraft to the Customs Entry Control Point
where the absence of disease, vaccination certificates and (for those disembarking in Australia)
the intended addresses in Australia will be assessed.
5.2.4.9 Persons with unsatisfactory documents or for whom further investigation, medical or oth-
erwise, is required, will be diverted immediately to a waiting room for any necessary action after
all others have been cleared.
5.2.4.10 The importation into Australia by air of the following is prohibited:
a. all animals (including birds and reptiles) unless an import permit accompanies the animals
(The only exception to this prohibition is the importation of dogs, cats and horses from New
Zealand where each animal should have approved health certification);
AUSTRALIA
b. cultures of micro-organisms capable of causing human disease and goods of biological

origin which may contain such micro-organisms, unless an import permit accompanies the
cultures or goods;
c. foodstuffs of animal origin, including meat, poultry, sausages, eggs, cheese and milk, unless
as commercial consignments accompanied by such certification as prescribed in the Quar-
antine Proclamations 1998;
d. in the case of aircraft from New Zealand only, exemptions apply to the importation of some
species of animals and to the importation of some animal products provided that the air
movements of the animals or animal products concerned, from New Zealand to Australia,
conforms to Australia’s conditions of importation, including, in certain cases, prior disinsec-
tion of the transporting aircraft.
NOTE: Any prohibited item taken to Australia by air without special permit will be seized and
destroyed.
5.2.4.11 Australia is still free from many plant diseases, insect pests and weeds which cause
serious damage to crops in other parts of the world. The cooperation of all air crews and passen-
gers is sought in preserving this advantage.
5.2.4.12 No plant material of any kind, including fruits, nuts, seeds, bulbs, tubers or cuttings,
should be taken to Australia by air, unless approval for its importation has first been obtained from
the Australian Department of Primary Industries and Energy, Canberra, or from the Chief Quaran-
tine Officer (Plants) of the relevant State Departments of Agriculture. The importation of some
types of plants is prohibited and any such found at the airport of arrival will be destroyed. Other
prohibited importations include straw packing (including rice hulls), soil samples (unless with prior
approval) and cartons or containers which have previously contained fruit or other plant materials.
5.2.4.13 Cognizance should be taken that most of the best varieties of all crops and ornamen-
tals, selected and adapted for Australia, are already available in country. Other new and better
varieties will be imported, under strict DAFF biosecurity control, as the need arises.
5.2.4.14 Although Australia has no vaccination requirements for departure, travellers will have to
satisfy the requirements of countries to, or through which, they travel. Travellers should, therefore,
consult the airline, a reputable travel medicine organization, or the official representatives of the
countries concerned regarding the necessity for vaccinations.
5.3 IMMIGRATION/EMIGRATION REQUIREMENTS

5.3.1 General
5.3.1.1 Information in this section is based on the Migration Act 1958 and the Migration Regula-
tions 1994. Since the information can change over time the Department of Immigration and Citi-
zenship (DIAC) strongly recommends that anyone proposing to travel to Australia contact airlines,
travel agents or Australian missions overseas or visit www.immi.gov.au to ensure travel documen-
tation and visa requirements are met.
5.3.1.2 Airline operators should ensure that their staff are fully aware of Australia’s immigration
requirements. The Travel Information Manual (TIM) provides a regularly updated, ready-reference
AUSTRALIA
for information on Australia’s requirements. The master, owner, agent, charterer and operator of a
vessel on which a non-citizen is brought into Australia are guilty of an offence against section
229(1) of the Migration Act 1958 unless the non-citizen when entering Australia:
a. is in possession of evidence of a visa (see para 5.4.4.2a.), or an electronic travel authority
(see para 5.4.4.2b.), that is in effect and that permits him/her to travel and enter Australia; or
b. is deemed to be a person having a prescribed status and holds a special purpose visa (see
para 5.4.4.2c.); or
c. is a transit passenger who meets certain criteria (see para 5.3.4.2c.(7)); or
d. is eligible for a special category visa (see para 5.4.4.2d.); or
e. is a permanent non-citizen resident of Norfolk who holds a passport issued with authority to
reside in Norfolk Island (see para 5.4.4.2e.)
5.3.1.3 A person who is guilty of an offence against section 229(1) of the Migration Act is liable,
upon conviction, to a fine not exceeding AU$10,000. In lieu of prosecution, infringing airlines may
pay a penalty of AU$5000.
5.3.2 Advance Passenger Processing (APP) reporting of passengers and crew
5.3.2.1 Airlines flying into Australia who provide a ‘regular international passenger air service’
are required to report all inbound passengers and crew, including all transit passengers, to Immi-
gration though the electronic APP system. The information is collected at check-in through the
APP system and transmitted to Australia for use by border agencies prior to the arrival of the air-
craft. Airlines seeking detailed information concerning the legislative and system requirements
can contact Immigration at: appwebsite@immi.gov.au.
5.3.3 Inwards Clearance — Passports or Other Travel Documents
5.3.3.1 All persons seeking to enter or re-enter Australia whether for temporary or permanent
residence, must identify themselves. In the case of non-citizens, they must hold or be eligible for a
visa. Passports are the most common and preferred type of travel document for identification pur-
poses. A valid passport is required for travel to Australia from all overseas destinations including
Norfolk Island.
5.3.3.2 Some countries still issue family group passports which may cover, for example, a hus-
band and/or wife and children of two or more siblings. For entry control purposes, Australia
accepts dependents on such passports only when accompanied by the principal holder.
5.3.3.3 Passports are not required for holders of the following:
a. Certificates of Identity, Documents of Identity, “Documents for Travel to Australia” issued by
Australian authorities.
b. Documents of Identity issued by a country other than Australia. (Documents must have a
photograph of the bearer and re-entry authority to the country of issue.)
c. Laissez-passer (traveling on duty), issued by the United Nations.
AUSTRALIA
d. Military identity documents and movement orders issued to members of the armed forces
travelling under the Status of Forces Agreement (France, Papua New Guinea, Turkey, Sin-
gapore, USA, Malaysia and New Zealand) members of the Asia-Pacific armed forces
(Brunei, Fiji, Malaysia, Thailand or Tonga) and members of Commonwealth forces (Antigua,
Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, Mauritius, New Zealand, Papua
New Guinea, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, St Christo-
pher and Nevis, Tuvalu, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland).
e. Certificates for air crew members, traveling on duty as operational or positioning crew:
1. operational crew must carry a current identity document issued by the airline by which
he/she is employed (“Airline ID card”); and a valid passport; and
2. positioning crew not listed as crew members must carry a valid passport and a letter
from their employer certifying air crew status and setting out the purpose of the persons’
travel to Australia and the arrangements for them to leave Australia.
f. Documents issued to stateless persons as follows:
1. Certificate of Identity, provided it holds proof to re-enter the country of residence; or
2. Titre de Voyage issued to persons recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention
Relating to the Status of Refugees.
5.3.3.4 Passengers traveling on domestic sectors of international flights within Australia must
carry passports or other acceptable forms of photo-identification.
5.3.4 Visa Requirements
5.3.4.1 All non-citizens are required to have a visa for entry to Australia. The Australian Govern-
ment strongly recommends that all passengers proposing to travel to Australia contact airlines,
travel agents or Australian missions overseas to ensure travel document and visa requirements
are met.
5.3.4.2 Carriers are required to ensure non-citizen passengers traveling to Australia hold, or are
eligible to hold, a valid visa. Persons in possession of expired visas should not be carried to Aus-
tralia. Visas for travel to Australia may be for either single or multiple journeys within the validity of
the visa. Visas facilitate travel, but do not guarantee entry. Visitors who fail to satisfy border
checks can be excluded from entering Australia. Visa types are identified as follows:
a. There are two types of visas: temporary and permanent. The majority of visas granted will
not be evidenced by a stick-in visa label. Existence of a visa should be verified by airlines at
check-in via Advance Passenger Processing (APP) system.
b. Where capable, airlines may issue Electronic Travel Authorities (ETAs) for tourist or short
term business travel to bearers of passports issued by the following countries:
Andorra Iceland Portugal

Austria Ireland San Marino
Belgium Italy Singapore
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Brunei Japan South Korea

Canada Liechtenstein Spain
Denmark Luxembourg Sweden
Finland Malaysia Switzerland
France Malta Taiwan
Germany Monaco United Kingdom
(British Citizens and British Nationals
Overseas)
Greece Netherlands USA
Hong Kong Norway Vatican City
Further information regarding these visas and the visa application process can be found at
www.immi.gov.au.
ETAs can also be issued by Australian Missions overseas. ETAs may be issued to nationals
of:
Andorra Iceland Malta

Austria Ireland Rep. Monaco
Belgium Italy Netherlands
Brunei Japan Norway
Canada S. Korea Singapore
Denmark Liechtenstein Sweden
Finland Luxembourg Switzerland
Germany Malaysia USA
Greece
and British passports endorsed “British Citizen”
Arrangements are being made to introduce ETA of nationals of other countries and enquiries
should be made of travel agents or missions overseas before traveling.
ETA applicants do not complete an application form and no visa stamp or label is placed in
the passport as evidence for ETA holders. Existence of an ETA is verified electronically by
ETA participating airlines at check-in.
c. Special purpose Visas (SPVs) are a class of temporary visa taken to have been granted by
operation of law to certain persons or classes of persons; e.g. military personnel travelling on
official duty provided for under an agreement between Australia and a foreign country. SPV
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holders do not complete an application form nor do they have a visa label in their travel
documents provided they belong to any of the following groups (arrival by air only, further
categories exist for passengers arriving by sea):
1. members of the Armed Forces of France, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Turkey, USA,
Malaysia and New Zealand under the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) travelling on
duty and holding military identity documents;
2. members of Asia Pacific armed forces (Brunei, Fiji, Malaysia, Thailand or Tonga) travel-
ling on duty and holding military identity documents;
3. members of Commonwealth armed forces travelling on duty and holding military identity
documents (Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, Mauri-
tius, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Solomon Islands, St Christopher and Nevis, Tuvalu, and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland);
4. members of the civilian component of SOFA provided they hold passports and certifi-
cates stating that the person is a member of the civilian component of the armed forces
of the relevant country;
5. dependants of SOFA, Asia Pacific and Commonwealth armed forces listed above provi-
ded they hold a passport and either movement orders or certificates stating they are a
spouse or a dependant of a member of the armed forces, or the civilian component of
the armed forces of the relevant country, and are accompanying or joining that member;
6. airline crew members travelling as passengers in the course of employment, who will be
departing Australia as crew of an aircraft (“positioning crew”), provided they are in pos-
session of a letter from the employer regarding aircrew status, purpose of travel and
arrangements for departure from Australia within 5 days (“Certificate of Status”). This
SPV arrangement is not for air crew seeking to work specifically on domestic sectors or
to perform other duties in Australia. An appropriate visa should be applied for in these
cases;
7. Transit passengers (not applicable to stateless persons and refugees) who are direct
transit passengers arriving and departing by aircraft are taken to hold a special purpose
visa provided they:
– will be continuing their journey to a third country by the same or a connecting flight
within eight (8) hours of arrival in Australia;
– do not leave the airport transit lounge except to continue their journey;
NOTE: If a person in this class seeks to leave the transit lounge, i.e., seek immigra-
tion clearance, the special purpose visa will cease.
– are in possession of confirmed onward reservations and hold correct documentation
for entry to their destination; and
– be a citizen of the following countries:
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Andorra, Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den-
mark, Estonia, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Latvia, Liechten-
stein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Nauru, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Republic of Marshall Islands, Republic of South Africa, Samoa, San Marino, Singa-
pore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzer-
land, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom (including its
colonies), United States of America, Vanuatu, Vatican
– hold Taiwanese normal (i.e., not official or diplomatic passports).
– Residents of Hong Kong holding Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)
passports or British National Overseas (BNO) passports.
– Diplomatic passport holders, excluding holders of Arab Non-National Passports;
– and excluding diplomatic passports from the following foreign countries:
Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Comoros, Demo-
cratic People’s Republic of Korea, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Madagascar, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Republic of Yemen, Rus-
sian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Zim-
babwe
8. Members of the Royal family or guests of the Australian government and accompanying
immediate family members.
d. Special Category Visa (SCV). A New Zealand citizen, who has shown to a clearance officer
a valid New Zealand passport and a completed Incoming Passenger Card, may be eligible
for the grant of a special category visa.
e. Permanent Resident Norfolk Island Visa (PRNIV). A non-Australian citizen permanent res-
ident of Norfolk Island, who has shown to a clearance officer a valid passport and endorsed
with the authority to reside indefinitely on Norfolk Island, may be eligible for the grant of a
PRNIV.
5.3.4.3 Merchant Seaman. The visa regulations for merchant seaman if they arrive in Australia
by air are the same as for holders of holders of normal passports.
5.3.5 Returning Non-citizen Permanent Residents of Australia
5.3.5.1 Non-Australian citizens who are permanent residents of Australia wishing to travel over-
seas after five years of residence must hold an authority to return to Australia in their national
passport. This may take the form of a “Resident Return” visa. Alternatively, permanent residents
may obtain an “Authority to Return” or “Return Endorsement”, which are in the form of a wet
stamp in their passport and are not recorded electronically in DIAC systems. The latter two are
valid provided the holders are returning to Australia within three (3) years of their most recent
departure as evidenced by “Departed Australia” stamp in passport. They are also acceptable in
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expired or canceled passports or other valid travel documents provided the holder also has a
national passport.
5.3.6 Incoming Passenger Cards
5.3.6.1 Incoming Passenger cards are required to be completed by all passengers except for:
a. Airline crew members who are on duty; and
b. direct transit passengers described in paragraph 5.3.4.2c.(7)
5.3.6.2 Supplies of Incoming Passenger Cards should be maintained on aircraft and issued to
passengers in ample time for completion before arrival at the immigration clearance airport in
Australia. If passengers cannot complete their own cards because of age or physical infirmity, the
cards must be completed by the accompanying parent, guardian or attendant.
5.3.6.3 Incoming Passenger Cards are available in English and a number of foreign languages.
All incoming passenger cards must be completed in the English language.
5.3.7 Examination of Crew and Passengers
5.3.7.1 Immigration examination of passengers is generally done at the point of final disembar-
kation in Australia, except when special arrangements to the contrary have been made.
5.3.7.2 For the purposes of examination, the following documents must be ready for presenta-
tion to the Customs and Border Protection Officer or Immigration Officer:
a. Aircraft Crews:
1. For operational flight crew, a valid passport and a certificate of status from their
employer in the form of a company identity document.
2. Positioning crew not listed as crew members must carry a valid passport and a letter
from their employer certifying air crew status and setting out the purpose of the persons’
travel to Australia and the date for them to leave Australia.
b. Passengers:
1. In the case of Australian citizens, valid Australian passports or other valid documents of
identity having the characteristics of passports and Incoming Passenger Cards.
2. In the case of New Zealand citizens, valid New Zealand passports and Incoming Pas-
senger Cards.
3. In the case of non-citizen Permanent Residents of Norfolk Island, valid national pass-
ports and Incoming Passenger Cards.
4. In the case of all other persons, valid national passports, or other acceptable docu-
ments listed in paragraph 5.3.4.2, with visa as required for entry into Australia, and
Incoming Passenger Cards.
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5.3.8 Outwards Clearance — Documentation

All persons departing Australia by air are required to present Outgoing Passenger Cards except
“direct transit” passengers on through-flights using the same services (see paragraph 5.3.4.2c(7))
and operational aircrew (see paragraph 5.3.4.2c(6)).
5.3.8.2 Outgoing Passenger Cards must be completed in the English language.
5.3.8.3 Operators should ensure that passengers complete the cards before presenting them-
selves for departure examination.
5.4 CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

5.4.1 Inward Clearance — Documentation
5.4.1.1 The pilot-in-command (or authorized agent) of an aircraft landing at a designated inter-
national airport which is the first airport of call in Australia shall furnish the following documents to
the Customs and Border Protection:
Impending Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS The aircraft operator must report to
Customs and Border Protection the impending arrival of the aircraft. The impending arrival report
(IAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS not more than 10 days before the estimated time of
arrival of the aircraft and not later than three (3) hours before the estimated time of arrival of the
aircraft.
Actual Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS The aircraft operator must report to Cus-
toms and Border Protection the particulars of the arrival of the aircraft and the time of arrival. The
actual arrival report (AAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS within three (3) hours of the
arrival of the aircraft or before the certificate of clearance is issued, whichever occurs first.
a. General Declaration 1 copy
b. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wines, spirits and tobacco products) 1 copy
c. Articles In Possession — Aircrew — List of articles owned by, or in possession of, a pilot-
in-command (and crew) 1 copy each.
d. Incoming Passenger Card — All aircraft passengers arriving in Australia are required to
complete an Incoming Passenger Card for both Immigration and Customs purposes. Sup-
plies of these forms should be maintained on the aircraft and issued to passengers in ample
time for completion before arrival at the Entry Control Point Customs – in Australia.
5.4.1.2 At stops in Australia, other than the first airport of call, the pilot-in-command or author-
ized agent will present for clearance purposes the copy of the General Declaration signed and
stamped by the Customs Officer prior to departure from the previous stop, together with attached
manifests.
5.4.2 Examination of Crew and Passengers
5.4.2.1 Complete Customs and Border Protection examination of the baggage of passengers
and crew members is normally made at the airport where the passengers and crew members
finally disembark from the aircraft.
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5.4.2.2 When the Customs and Border Protection Board Officer has received the documents set
out above, and the DAFF biosecurity officer has authorized unloading to commence, baggage
(including crew baggage) of all persons destined for that airport will be unloaded and brought into
the baggage examination area (Customs Section) of the terminal building for examination. Crew
baggage will be separated from passenger baggage. Cargo will be unloaded for immediate deliv-
ery to a licensed Customs and Border Protection depot.
5.4.2.3 Customs and Border Protection may maintain surveillance over the unloading of all bag-
gage and cargo and ensure that it is taken directly to the baggage examination area and depot
respectively. An officer may also check goods owned by, or in possession of the crew, against the
List of Stores and “Articles in Possession – Aircrew” (see paragraph 5.5.1.1 d.).
5.4.2.4 Passengers and crew, after disembarking, must proceed to the Entry Control Point (Cus-
toms examination area) for completion of Customs, Immigration, Quarantine and Health formali-
ties.
5.4.2.5 All persons entering Australia who are in possession of AU$10,000 or more in Australian
currency, or equivalent foreign currency, must complete a Cross-Border Movement-Physical Cur-
rency (CBM-PC) reporting form. Reporting forms for this purpose are available from Australian
Customs at air and sea ports, or from Australian Customs and Border Protection at air and sea
ports, or from the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC). There is no
limit to the amount of currency that can be brought into Australia, but failure to declare the cur-
rency may result in seizure and prosecution.
NOTE: If a Customs and Border Protection or police officer asks, you must report traveller’s
checks, money orders, checks, or other bearer negotiable instruments of any amount.
5.4.2.6 After the examination of crew and passenger baggage has been completed, and Cus-
toms duty and tax (if any) paid, the persons concerned will be authorized to remove their baggage
from the Customs examination area.
5.4.3 Outward Clearance — Documentation
5.4.3.1 The pilot-in-command (or authorized agent) of an aircraft departing from a designated
international airport, which is the first airport of departure from Australia, shall furnish the following
documents to the Customs and Border Protection Officer:
a. General Declaration 3 copies
b. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wines, spirits and tobacco products) — 1
copy.
c. Departure Report (electronic, lodged in the ICS) — The departure report is a prerequisite
that must be satisfied before a certificate of clearance can be granted by Customs and
Border Protection. A departure report is a statement made by the pilot or owner of the air-
craft, or an agent, to Customs and Border Protection providing information concerning the
proposed date and time of departure of the aircraft. The departure report must be lodged
electronically in the ICS.
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Outwards Manifest (electronic, lodged in the ICS) — The pilot or owner of the aircraft
must communicate electronically to Customs and Border Protection, not later than three (3)
days after the day of departure of the aircraft, an outwards manifest. The outwards manifest
must specify all goods that were loaded on board the aircraft.
d. Export Permits (when required), covering cargo and stores laden on board.
NOTE: The Customs and Border Protection Officer will sign and stamp the second copy of the
General Declaration and return it to the pilot-in-command or authorized agent. Customs and
Border Protection will issue a certificate of clearance to the pilot of the aircraft upon completion of
all reporting formalities (actual arrival report, report of stores and prohibited goods and departure
report). The certificate of clearance gives permission for the aircraft to depart the airport.
5.4.3.2 When aircraft landing in Australia are in transit, the pilot-in-command or authorized agent
will present documents for inward clearance as set out in paragraph 5.5.1 of this section. The
Customs and Border Protection Officer will sign and stamp the General Declaration presented on
arrival in Australia and return it to the pilot-in-command. A certificate of clearance will be provided
to the pilot upon completion of all reporting formalities and permits the aircraft to depart the air-
port.
5.4.4 Currency
5.4.4.1 There is no limit to the amount of currency (notes and coins) that may be brought into, or
taken out of, Australia. However, if persons are carrying currency of AU$10,000 or more (or the
foreign equivalent) into or out of Australia, they must declare this fact to Customs and Border Pro-
tection. Cross-Border Movement-Physical Currency (CMB-PC) reporting forms are available from
Customs and Border Protection on request.
NOTE: If a Customs and Border Protection or police officer asks, you must report traveller’s
checks, checks, money orders, or other bearer negotiable instruments of any amount.
5.4.5 Passenger Examination
5.4.5.1 The baggage of outward passengers may be subject to Customs examination. A cur-
rency report mentioned in paragraph 5.5.4.1 above, where applicable, must be presented to the
Customs and Border Protection Officer.
5.4.6 Passenger Movement Charge (PMC)
5.4.6.1 Passengers departing Australia are required to, subject to exemptions, pay the Passen-
ger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not. See paragraph 11.2.
5.4.7 Customs and Border Protection Publications
5.4.7.1 Airline companies and other interested persons may obtain copies of a pamphlet entitled
“Customs and Border Protection Guide for Travellers — Know Before You Go” which deals with
duty exemptions and general customs information.
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6 TRANSIT PASSENGERS — CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS

AND PROCEDURES WITHIN AUSTRALIA
6.1 IMMIGRATION REQUIREMENTS
6.1.1 Passengers who are in direct transit on through-flights will not be required to complete
Incoming or Outgoing Passenger Cards. This concession applies irrespective of whether the pas-
sengers are transiting on the same aircraft or whether, at the Australian airport, a different aircraft
is substituted for the remainder of the flight. Direct transit passengers will need to hold an appro-
priate visa unless they meet requirements in paragraph 5.4.4.2, in which case they will be taken
to hold a special purpose visa.
6.1.2 Passengers disembarking in Australia (i.e., leaving the transit area) from such a through-
flight must present travel documents, visas, Incoming Passenger Cards and airline tickets evi-
dencing confirmed onward booking to a third country and passports.
6.1.3 Passengers joining a through-flight in Australia for carriage beyond Australia must present
Outgoing Passenger Cards, airline tickets, boarding passes and passports/travel documents.
6.1.4 Operators should note that a “through-flight” in this context is as defined in Chapter 1 –
Definitions and Applicability, of ICAO Annex 9 (Facilitation) to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation, viz:
“Through-Flight. A particular operation of aircraft, identified by the operator by the use through-
out of the same symbol from point of origin via any intermediate points to point of destination.”
6.1.4.1 The “through-flight” definition implies a single operator and does not prevent the use of
more than one aircraft for a through-flight. The recording of dual flight numbers, when applicable,
should satisfy, for local purposes, the requirements of the definition in so far as retention of “the
same symbol” from point of origin to point of destination is concerned.
6.1.5 Where international passengers leave the transit area and transfer to another international
flight at the same airport, Incoming Passenger Cards, and passport/travel documents and visas
(unless within the exempt categories; see paragraphs 5.4.4.2 c. and 5.4.5.1) are required to be
presented.
6.1.6 Passengers referred to in paragraph 6.1.5 (above), who are rejoining flights, are required
to present Outgoing Passenger Cards, airline tickets, boarding passes and passports/travel docu-
ments.
6.2 CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

6.2.1 Transit Passengers Proceeding on the Same Aircraft
6.2.1.1 Such passengers are not required to make a customs declaration provided they do not
pass through a customs control point.
6.2.1.2 Personal hand baggage is to be interpreted as covering only normal personal requisites
needed by the passenger for the period of the stopover. Such baggage, however, is liable to
inspection.
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6.2.1.3 Passengers having other articles may be required, at the discretion of the Customs and
Border Protection Officer, to make a customs declaration.
6.2.2 Transit Passengers Proceeding on Another Aircraft
6.2.2.1 Such passengers who are to proceed to another country or Australian checkpoint on
another aircraft from the same airport are not required to complete a customs declaration provi-
ded they do not pass through a customs control point.
6.2.2.2 Passengers having other articles may be required, at the discretion of the Customs offi-
cials, to make a Customs declaration.
6.2.3 Personal Hand Baggage
6.2.3.1 Normal personal requisites needed by a transit passenger for a period of a stopover are
liable to customs inspection.
7 LANDINGS AT DESIGNATED ALTERNATE AIRPORTS OR

ELSEWHERE THAN AT DESIGNATED INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORTS WITHIN AUSTRALIA
7.1 GENERAL
7.1.1 Landings elsewhere than at major international, restricted use international, and interna-
tional non-scheduled flight airports may be divided into two categories:
a. landings at designated alternate airports to international airports; and
b. landings elsewhere than at a designated alternate airport which are made as a result of an
emergency.
7.1.2 Under the requirements of the Customs Act 1901 and the Migration Act 1958, an aircraft
engaged on an international flight which has landed elsewhere than at a designated international
airport, is required to proceed direct to a designated international airport where Customs and
Immigration clearances can be completed. Quarantine clearance is normally undertaken at the
airport of entry.
7.1.3 For charter aircraft and other flights arriving at alternate airports or non-international air-
ports, see paragraph 8.1.2.
7.2 LANDINGS MADE AT DESIGNATED ALTERNATE AIRPORTS TO

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS
7.2.1 Designated Alternate Airports to International Airports
7.2.1.1 The following is a list of the designated Australian airports (see also paragraph 3.3):
Alice Springs Gold Coast Port Hedland

Avalon Kalgoorlie Rockhampton
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Canberra Launceston Tindal

Coffs Harbour Learmonth Townsville
7.2.1.2 When a landing is to be made by an International aircraft at any of the alternate airports
listed above, Airservices Australia will notify the Quarantine (DAFF Biosecurity), Immigration
(DIAC) and Customs (Customs and Border Protection) authorities at the designated international
airport at which the landing was scheduled to take place, after which the procedures effective for
each of the designated alternate airports will be as follows:
7.2.2 Alice Springs Airport
7.2.2.1 Quarantine: Alice Springs is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serv-
iced for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement. The Airline or its agent/
representatives may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of
resources from another DAFF Biosecurity base to Alice Springs.
Animals and plants may not be landed at this airport unless an application has been made under
section 20D of the Quarantine Act 1908.
7.2.2.2 Customs and Immigration: Customs and Border Protection and Immigration Officers
are not stationed permanently at Alice Springs Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to
remain on board the aircraft until such time the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major interna-
tional airport for clearance. The pilot may disembark to perform the necessary safety inspections.
An airline representative may board with relevant documents. Customs is to be notified of the
diversion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements and times the aircraft
will be on the ground at Alice Springs. This will allow an assessment to be made as to whether
there is a need for Customs and Border Protection presence or other further action is required. An
officer of the Northern Territory police (Customs and Border Protection representative) will have
the responsibility to exercise surveillance over the aircraft while it is at the airport.
7.2.2.3 For onward movement of the aircraft, see paragraph 7.1.2.
7.2.3 Avalon Airport
7.2.3.1 Quarantine: Avalon is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serviced for
international arrivals under a request for service arrangement.
section 20D of the Quarantine Act 1908. Goods of other kinds may not be landed except for Per-
sonal effects as accompanied baggage.
7.2.3.2 Customs and Immigration: Customs and Border Protection and Immigration officers
are not stationed permanently at Avalon Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to remain
on board the aircraft until such time the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major international air-
port for clearance. The pilot may disembark to perform the necessary safety inspections. An air-
line representative may board with the relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection is to
be notified of the diversion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements and
times the aircraft will be on the ground at Avalon. This will allow an assessment to be made as to
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whether there is any need for Customs and Border Protection presence or other further action is
required.
7.2.3.3 For onward movement of aircraft see sub-para 7.1.2.
7.2.4 Canberra Airport
7.2.4.1 Quarantine, Customs and Immigration: DAFF Biosecurity, Customs and Border Pro-
tection, and Immigration officers are not stationed permanently at Canberra Airport. Crew and
passengers will be required to remain on board the aircraft until such time the aircraft departs and
proceeds to a major international airport for clearance. The pilot may disembark to perform the
necessary safety inspections. An airline representative may board with the relevant documents.
Customs and Border Protection is to be notified of the diversion together with any contingency
plans regarding further movements and times the aircraft will be on the ground at Canberra. This
will allow an assessment to be made as to whether there is any need for Customs and Border
Protection presence or other further action is required.
7.2.4.2 For onward movement of aircraft, see paragraph 7.1.2.
7.2.5 Coffs Harbour Airport
7.2.5.1 Quarantine: Coffs Harbour is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serv-
iced for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement.
are not stationed permanently at Coffs Harbour Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to
An airline representative may board with the relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection
is to be notified of the diversion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements
and times the aircraft will be on the ground at Coffs Harbour. This will allow an assessment to be
made as to whether there is any need for Customs and Border Protection presence or other fur-
ther action is required.
7.2.6 Gold Coast Airport
tection and Immigration officers are stationed at Gold Coast Airport and will be available to grant
overnight or full clearances, as required, provided reasonable advance notice of the diversion is
given by Airservices Australia.
7.2.7 Kalgoorlie Airport
7.2.7.1 Quarantine: Kalgoorlie is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serviced
for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement.
7.2.7.2 Customs and Immigration: Customs and Border Protection officers are not stationed at
Kalgoorlie. Crew and passengers will be required to remain on board the aircraft until such time
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the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major international airport for clearance. The pilot may dis-
embark to perform the necessary safety inspections. An airline representative may board with the
relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection is to be notified of the diversion together with
any contingency plans regarding further movements and times the aircraft will be on the ground at
Kalgoorlie. This will allow an assessment to be made as to whether there is any need for Customs
and Border Protection presence or other further action is required.
An officer of the West Australian police (Customs representative) will have the responsibility to
exercise surveillance over the aircraft while it is at the airport.
7.2.7.3 For onward movement of the aircraft see paragraph 7.1.2.
7.2.8 Launceston Airport
7.2.8.1 Quarantine: Launceston is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serviced
for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement.
are not stationed permanently at Launceston Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to
An airline representative may board with the relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection
is to be notified of the diversion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements
and times the aircraft will be on the ground at Launceston. This will allow an assessment to be
7.2.8.3 For onward movement of the aircraft see paragraph 7.1.2.
7.2.9 Learmonth Airport
7.2.9.1 Quarantine: Learmonth is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serviced
for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement. The Airline or its agent/repre-
sentatives may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of
resources from another DAFF biosecurity base to Learmonth.
section 20D of the Quarantine Act 1908.
7.2.9.2 Customs and Immigration and Border Protection: Customs officers are not stationed
at Learmonth. Crew and passengers will be required to remain on board the aircraft until such
time the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major international airport for clearance. The pilot may
disembark to perform the necessary safety inspections. An airline representative may board with
the relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection is to be notified of the diversion together
with any contingency plans regarding further movements and times the aircraft will be on the
ground at Learmonth. This will allow an assessment to be made as to whether there is any need
for Customs and Border Protection presence or other further action is required
An officer of the West Australian police (Customs representative) will have the responsibility to
exercise surveillance over the aircraft while it is at the airport.
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7.2.10 Port Hedland Airport
tection, and Immigration Officers are stationed at Port Hedland and will be available to carry out
limited clearances provided reasonable advance notice of the diversion is given by Airservices
Australia. Customs and Border Protection officers will carry out required immigration clearances.
7.2.11 Rockhampton Airport
7.2.11.1 Quarantine: Rockhampton is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serv-
iced for international arrivals under a request for service arrangement.
are not stationed at Rockhampton Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to remain on
board the aircraft until such time the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major international airport
for clearance. The pilot may disembark to perform the necessary safety inspections. An airline
representative may board with the relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection is to be
notified of the diversion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements and
times the aircraft will be on the ground at Rockhampton. This will allow an assessment to be
7.2.12 Tindal Airport
7.2.12.1 Quarantine: Tindal is not permanently staffed by DAFF Biosecurity and is serviced for
international arrivals under a request for service arrangement. The Airline or its agent/representa-
tives may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of resources
from another DAFF biosecurity base to Tindal.
No plants, animals or goods of any kind may be landed unless an exemption has been granted
prior to the flight under section 20D of the Quarantine Act 1908.
7.2.12.2 Customs and Immigration: Customs and Border Protection officers are not stationed
at Tindal Airport. Crew and passengers will be required to remain on board the aircraft until such
time the aircraft departs and proceeds to a major international airport for clearance. The pilot may
disembark to perform the necessary safety inspections. An airline representative/RAAF personnel
may board with relevant documents. Customs and Border Protection is to be notified of the diver-
sion together with any contingency plans regarding further movements and times the aircraft will
be on the ground at Tindal. This will allow an assessment to be made as to whether there is a
need for Customs and Border Protection presence or other further action is required.
AUSTRALIA
7.2.13 Townsville Airport

tection, and Immigration officers are stationed at Townsville and will be available to carry out limi-
ted clearances provided reasonable advance notice of the diversion is given by Airservices Aus-
tralia.
7.3 LANDING MADE OTHER THAN AT DESIGNATED ALTERNATE

AIRPORTS
7.3.1 If a landing is made other than at a designated international or international alternate air-
port, the pilot-in-command, or the next senior crew member available, shall report the landing as
soon as practicable to DAFF Biosecurity, Customs and Border Protection and Immigration author-
ities at the designated international airport at which the landing was scheduled to take place. This
notification may be made through aeronautical channels, if this method of communication is not
available by other means.
7.3.2 The pilot-in-command is responsible for ensuring the following:
a. if pratique has not been granted to the aircraft at the previous landing, contact between other
persons on the one hand and the passengers and crew on the other, is avoided.
b. cargo, stores, baggage and mail, if required to be removed from the aircraft for safety rea-
sons, must be deposited in a nearby area and remain there pending completion of the nec-
essary formalities. Mail must be disposed of as is required pursuant to paragraph 7.4.4 of
ICAO Annex 9 (Eighth Edition) (not published herein).
c. any foodstuffs of overseas origin, or any plant material, are not removed from the aircraft
except where local food is unobtainable. All food refuse including peelings, cores, stones of
fruit, etc., must be collected and returned to the galley refuse container, the contents of
which should not be removed from the aircraft except for hygiene reasons, in which case
they must be destroyed by burning or deep burial.
7.3.3 Not withstanding the provisions set out above, the pilot-in-command, while awaiting the
instructions of the public authorities concerned (DAFF Biosecurity, Customs and Border Protec-
tion, and Immigration), or if unable to get in touch with such authorities, may take such emergency
measures as deemed necessary for the health and safety of the passengers and crew, including
the securing of suitable accommodation and the avoiding or minimizing of loss or destruction to
the aircraft itself and its load.
8 CHARTER FLIGHTS — GUIDELINES FOR CLEARANCE

8.1 Customs and Border Protection coordinate the activities of government border agencies
involved in passenger processing for charter flights through the National Passenger Processing
Committee (NPPC). Customs chairs the NPPC and has the prime responsibility for processing
applications for these flights.
AUSTRALIA
8.1.1 Arrival / Departure at International Airports

8.1.1.1 Charter flights will be treated as normal commercial flights when they arrive or depart
from the following approved international airports:
Adelaide Darwin Perth

Brisbane Gold Coast Sydney
Cairns Melbourne
8.1.2 Arrival / Departure at Non-International Airports, and Restricted Use

International Airports
8.1.2.1 As there is no full-time border agency presence at non-international airports, or at
Restricted Use International Airports (other than Gold Coast), air operators are required to obtain
prior approval from the NPPC for flights into and out of these airports. Air operators should
comply with the following procedures to enable timely consideration of border agency approval
and clearances.
a. Submit written application. Give at least ten (10) business days notification to the following
address prior to the arrival of the charter:
The Chairman
Address: National Passenger Processing Committee
Australian Customs and Border Protection Service
5 Constitution Ave
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6246 1210
Fax: 61-2-6275 6989
The application should include itinerary, aircraft type and estimated number of passengers/
crew.
b. Provide an Advance Passenger Information (API). If the charter operator does not hold
an International Air License (IAL), deliver, e-mail or fax, a listing of passengers and crew to
the Customs and Border Protection office at the first port of call at least four working days
prior to the arrival of the charter. This listing should include family and given names, date of
birth, gender, nationality, and passport numbers. If the charter operator holds an IAL, the
operator should provide passenger and crew data through the Advance Passenger Process-
ing (APP) system at check-in. For further information on using APP, contact the Department
of Immigration and Citizenship. For departures, deliver, e-mail or fax, similar API data to the
AUSTRALIA
Customs and Border Protection office at the last port of call at least one working day prior to
the departure of the charter.
c. Remit Passenger Movement Charge (PMC). Collect (AUD)$47 PMC from all liable depart-
ing passengers and remit with the Passenger Movement Charge Remittance Report to the
Australian Customs and Border Protection Service within 28 days of the departure of the
charter. Payment should be made in Australian currency by electronic funds transfer to:
Australian Customs and Border Protection Passenger Movement Charge

Westpac Bank
Address: BSB 033340 Account Number 143279
or by check mailed to:
Australian Customs and Border Protection Service

Address: PMC Unit - NPAC
GPO Box 2809
Melbourne
Australia
VIC 3001
Checks should be made payable (in AUD) to the ”Australian Customs and Border Protection
Service”.
d. Pay other costs. Pay any border agency clearance costs which may be applicable and
which fall outside those covered by PMC. This will vary from charter to charter and will be
dependent on airport location and arrival/departure time; e.g., officer travel, accommodation,
overtime, and potential airport infrastructure changes which may be necessary to provide a
secure processing environment. Separate accounts will be submitted by Customs and
Border Protection, DAFF Biosecurity, and Immigration after completion of the charter opera-
tion.
8.1.3 Processing of the Application
8.1.3.1 Following receipt of the application from the charter operator, Customs and Border Pro-
tection will liaise with relevant border agencies and DIT regarding approval to land, resource
implications, and the adequacy of the airport terminal facilities for processing passengers from the
charter flight.
8.1.3.2 As soon as practicable, but normally within five working days after receipt of the applica-
tion, Customs and Border Protection will formally notify the air operator of the NPPC decision and
any conditions, as well as an estimation of the border agency costs.
AUSTRALIA
8.1.3.3 The appropriate regional Customs and Border Protection office will then contact the
charter operator to discuss processing arrangements.
8.1.4 Contact Numbers
8.1.4.1 The following regional Customs and Border Protection offices are responsible for servic-
ing non-international airports within their immediate area:
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
NOT REQUIRED — CON-
TACT CUSTOMS AND BOR-
AIRPORT NPPC APPROVAL REQUIRED DER PROTECTION AND
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
LESS THAN 10 TEN (10) OR
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Avalon Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Melbourne Airport:
Ph: 03 9339 1325
E-mail: PAXMDM@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0417 309 794/0439 394
117
E-mail: vic.control-
ler@daff.gov.au
Broome Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Broome District Office:
Ph: 08 9193 6999
On-call: 0419 497 015
E-mail: broome@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 08 9194 1220
On-call: 0417 828 047
E-mail: nt.control-
ler@daff.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Cairns Not Required Not Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Cairns Airport:
Ph: 07 4052 3552
E-mail: cairnsduty@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 07 4030 7888
E-mail: russell.mose-
ley@daff.gov.au
Canberra Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion ACT District Office:
Ph: 02 6275 6006
On-call: 0401 149 820
E-mail: actregoff@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0417 406 132
E-mail: actregof-
fice@daff.gov.au
Canberra Defence Es- Approval Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tablishment Fairbairn tion ACT District Office:
Ph: 02 6275 6006
On-Call: 0401 149 820
E-mail: actregoff@cus-
toms.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0417 406 132
E-mail: actregof-
fice@daff.gov.au
Christmas Island Not Required Not Required Indian Ocean Territories Cus-
toms Service:
Ph: 08 9164 7228
E-mail: dmwaci@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 08 9164 7456 or 0439
215 456
E-mail: Christmas.is-
land@daff.gov.au
Cocos (Keeling) Island Not Required Not Required Indian Ocean Territories Cus-
toms Service:
Ph: 08 9164 7228
E-mail: dmwaci@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 08 9164 7456 or 0439
215 456
E-mail: craig.brock-
way@daff.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Darwin (RAAF) Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Darwin Airport:
Ph: 08 8920 2551
E-mail: NTITBManagement-
Team @customs.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 08 8920 7080
E-mail: nt.control-
ler@daff.gov.au
Essendon Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Melbourne Airport:
Ph: 03 9339 1325
E-mail: PAXMDM@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0408 250 600
E-mail: vic.control-
ler@daff.gov.au
Gold Coast Not Required Not Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Gold Coast Airport:
Ph: 07 5523 7800
E-mail: dmgc@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 07 5536 2464
E-mail: coolcontrol-
ler@daff.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Hobart Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Tasmania South Office:
Ph: 03 6230 1222
E-mail: ACSHOBART@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0407 870 236
E-mail: hobart.air-
port@daff.gov.au
Horn Island Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Thursday Island District
Office:
Ph: 07 4083 1800
E-mail: DMQLDTI@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 07 4069 1185
E-mail: melis-
sa.inch@daff.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Lord Howe Island Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Coffs Harbour District Of-
fice:
Ph: 02 6656 8500 (Coffs Har-
bour District Office)
Ph: 02 6563 2071 (Lord
Howe Island Police)
Ph: 02 6563 2199 (Police Of-
fice after hours)
E-mail: DMCOFFSH2@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 02 6563 2199 (Police Of-
fice)
Ph: 02 6563 2071 (Airport
Quarantine – only during
flights)
Newcastle/Williamtown Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
(RAAF) tion Newcastle District Office:
Ph: 02 4926 7500
E-mail: newclear@cus-
toms.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0438 440 950 or 02-4962
4450
E-mail: newcas-
tle@daff.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
Norfolk Island Not Required Not Required Norfolk Island Customs Serv-
ice:
Ph: +67 232 2140
E-mail: customs@ad-
min.gov.nf
Norfolk Island Health and
Quarantine
Ph: +67 232 2609
E-mail: health@admin.gov.nf
Port Hedland Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
tion Port Hedland District Of-
fice:
Ph: 08 9158 1000
E-mail: porthedland.aircraft
@customs.gov.au
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0417 395 576 or 08 9173
2135 (during office hours)
E-mail: PortHedland.Quaran-
tine@daff.gov.au
Townsville/RAAF Not Required Approval Required Customs and Border Protec-
Townsville tion Townsville District Office:
Ph: 07 4722 3700
E-mail: townsvilledo@cus-
toms.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
IF NPPC APPROVAL IS
DAFF BIOSECURITY ON
THE BELOW E-MAIL OR
PHONE NUMBERS
PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE
DAFF Biosecurity
Ph: 0407 571 347 or 07 4789
7888
E-mail: duty.offi-
cer@daff.gov.au
NOTE: if an airport is not listed on this document, an application for approval must be submitted
to the NPPC. Applications are to be submitted a minimum of ten (10) days prior to any arrival or
departure.
9 DESIGNATED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS — AUSTRALIAN

EXTERNAL TERRITORIES — ENTRY AND DEPARTURE
REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES
9.1 EXTERNAL TERRITORY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS
9.1.1 The following is a list of the designated Australian External Territory International Airports
(see also paragraph 3.5):
– Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)
– Cocos (Keeling) Island
– Norfolk Island
NOTE: Operations by aircraft at the above airports are limited to the pavement strengths shown
against these airports in the Airport Directory. Prior application must be made for a pavement con-
cession where this is necessary.
9.2 TERRITORY OF CHRISTMAS I (INDIAN OCEAN)

NOTE 1: At least 24 hours notice is required for all unscheduled flights into Christmas Island. Air-
port staff are on-call 24 hours, 7 days a week.
NOTE 2: Landing charges are levied.
NOTE 3: The aerodrome is licensed for night operation; however there are restrictions on types
and sizes of aircraft.
AUSTRALIA
NOTE 4: Notice of intended flights should be faxed to the Airport Manager on 08-9164 7205
(International: +61-8-9164 7205), or be forwarded by e-mail to dmwaci@customs.gov.au
NOTE 5: If fuel is required at Christmas I (Jet-A1 only available), this should be indicated in the
flight notification. Payment is required in cash or by Air BP carnet. Local Air BP telephone and
facsimile is 08-9164 7228.
9.2.1 Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-In-Command or
Authorized Agent
9.2.1.1 On Arrival:
a. General Declaration (showing names of crew) — 2 copies
b. Passenger Manifest— 2 copies
c. Cargo Manifest— 2 copies
d. Customs Clearance (from last airport) — 2 copies
9.2.1.2 On Departure:
a. General Declaration (showing names of crew) — 1 copy
b. Cargo Manifest —1 copy
c. Customs Clearance —1 copy
9.2.2 Health Requirements – Christmas I (Indian Ocean)
9.2.2.1 Human Quarantine — Persons arriving in the Territory from Yellow Fever endemic
zones must be in possession of a correct International Certificate of Vaccination against Yellow
Fever.
9.2.2.2 Disinsecting Aircraft — All international aircraft that land in Christmas Island or Cocos
Island must meet disinsection requirements. If disinsection requirements are not met the aircraft
will be sprayed on arrival. Under 19AA Revival of quarantine (Christmas Island) of the Quarantine
Act 1908, aircraft travelling from Christmas Island or Cocos Island into Australia or Tasmania will
have to meet Australia’s disinsection requirements.
9.2.3 Immigration Requirements – Christmas I (Indian Ocean)
9.2.3.1 Normal Australian immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Aus-
tralia. All non-citizens must hold visas prior to arrival at Christmas Island when entering from out-
side Australia.
9.2.3.2 No passports or visas are required when arriving on Christmas I from the Australian
mainland or Tasmania; however, some form of government-issued identification must be pro-
duced for clearance through Customs/Immigration; e.g., Medicare card or Driver License.
9.2.4 Customs Requirements – Christmas I (Indian Ocean)
9.2.4.1 Inwards — Each passenger must declare all prohibited imports or dutiable goods.
9.2.4.2 Outwards — No special requirements to be met.
AUSTRALIA
9.2.5 Passenger Movement Charge – Christmas I (Indian Ocean)

9.2.5.1 Inwards. Passengers travelling to Christmas Island (from Australia) and who intend to
depart from there for a country other than Australia are required to, subject to valid exemptions,
pay the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not.
9.2.5.2 Outwards. Passengers departing for other than mainland Australia are required to, sub-
ject to valid exemptions, pay the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not.
9.3 TERRITORY OF COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS

NOTE 1: At least 24 hours notice is required for all flights arriving at Cocos (Keeling) Is. Landing
charges are levied but increase outside of the normal daylight operational period (0700-1800
local, 0030-1030 UTC). There are extra charges (additional to landing charges) for aircraft arriving
outside 90 minutes of the stipulated arrival time. The aerodrome is licensed for night operations;
however, there may be restrictions on the size and type of aircraft.
NOTE 2: Notice of intended flights can be given to the Senior Reporting Officer, telephone
08-9164 7228, or facsimile 08-9164 7205 (dial 61-8 in lieu of 08 when dialing from outside Aus-
tralia) or e-mail dmwaci@customs.gov.au.
NOTE 3: If fuel is required at Cocos (Keeling) I (Jet A-1 only available), the estimated quantity
must be advised in advance and a carnet obtained from Shell, telephone 08-9162 6670, facsimile
08-9162 6682 or mobile 08-9162 7700 Ext 5080. E-mail shellcocos@bigpond.com.
NOTE 4: Unless adequate credit has already been established, landing fees and any other
charges must be settled in Australian currency prior to departure from the Island.
NOTE 5: All aircraft entering mainland Australia or Tasmania from Cocos Is are required to land
at a designated international airport to undergo Customs, Health and Immigration clearance for-
malities.
9.3.1 Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-in-Command or
Authorized Agent
9.3.1.1 On Arrival:
a. General Declaration— 2 copies
b. Passenger Manifest— 1 copy
a. General Declaration— 1 copy
b. Customs Clearance— 1 copy
c. Passenger Manifest— 1 copy
9.3.2 Health Requirements – Cocos (Keeling) Islands
9.3.2.1 All aircraft must meet disinsection requirements, otherwise will need to be sprayed on
arrival.
AUSTRALIA
9.3.2.2 Fresh food, fruit and vegetables, or scraps thereof, which originate outside Australia
must be surrendered to the DAFF biosecurity officer. All other foodstuffs are subject to DAFF bio-
security inspection.
9.3.2.3 No Health Certificates are required from passengers arriving from Australia. There are
no specific formalities to be observed by departing passengers.
9.3.2.4 Health Certificates may be required from passengers arriving from countries other than
Australia.
9.3.2.5 The importation into the Territory of animals, birds, trees, plants, or seeds is prohibited
except with the prior permission of the Australian Department of Primary Industries and Energy.
9.3.2.6 Health and Fumigation Certificates, as appropriate, must be produced before approved
animals, birds, trees, plants or seeds are unloaded from the aircraft.
9.3.3 Immigration Requirements – Cocos (Keeling) Islands
9.3.3.1 Normal Australian immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Aus-
tralia. All non-citizens must hold visas prior to arrival at Cocos Island when entering from outside
Australia.
9.3.3.2 No passports or visas are required when arriving on Cocos Island from the Australian
mainland or Tasmania; however, some form of identification must be produced for clearance
through Customs / Immigration in Perth (e.g., Medicare card) unless intending to depart Cocos for
a foreign country.
9.3.3.3 There are no statutory restrictions on visits to Cocos. The only prerequisite for travel is
that accommodation must be confirmed prior to departure.
9.3.4 Customs Requirements – Cocos (Keeling) Islands
9.3.4.1 Inwards. Passengers must complete an Incoming Passenger Card for both Customs
and Immigration purposes. The card includes a Customs declaration.
9.3.4.2 Outwards. Passengers departing for other than mainland Australia are required to pay
the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not.
9.3.5 Passenger Movement Charge − Cocos Island
9.3.5.1 Inwards. Passengers travelling to Cocos Island (from Australia) and who intend to
depart from there for a country other than Australia are required to, subject to valid exemptions,
pay the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not.
9.3.5.2 Outwards. Passengers departing for other than mainland Australia are required to, sub-
ject to exemptions, pay the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed or not.
9.4 TERRITORY OF NORFOLK I

NOTE 1: All non-regular public transport aircraft must obtain prior approval from the Airport Man-
ager, Norfolk I Airport, if they are programmed to stage through or remain at Norfolk I. To obtain
such approval, at least 24 hours advance notice must be given.
AUSTRALIA
NOTE 2: Customs, Health and Immigration facilities are available daily. Clearances outside the
hours of 2115 to 0530 are subject to a clearance fee.
NOTE 3: If fuel is required at Norfolk I, the estimated quantity must be advised in advance and a
carnet obtained from Mobil Oil, Melbourne (Pacific I Branch). Unless adequate credit has been
established, re-fueling charges must be settled in Australian currency prior to re-fueling of the air-
craft.
NOTE 4: All aircraft entering Australia from Norfolk I are required to land at a designated interna-
tional airport to undergo Customs, Health and Immigration clearance formalities.
9.4.1 Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-in-Command or
Authorized Agent
9.4.1.1 On Arrival:
a. General Declaration— 1 original
(showing Customs and Border Protection clearance stamp out of the previous airport) (see
note para 9.4.4.4)
a. General Declaration— 3 copies
(see note paragraph 9.4.4.4)
9.4.2 Health Requirements – Norfolk I
9.4.2.1 All aircraft, on arrival, will be subject to spraying for the destruction of insects unless the
aircraft has been treated with an approved residual insecticide and a current Certificate of Treat-
ment is produced.
9.4.2.2 No Health Certificates are required from passengers arriving from Australia or New Zea-
land. There are no formalities to be observed by departing passengers.
9.4.2.3 No fruit or vegetables or scraps thereof may be removed from aircraft.
9.4.2.4 The importation into Norfolk I of animals, trees, plants and seeds is prohibited, except
with the prior approval of the appropriate Executive Member, Norfolk I, and compliance with pre-
scribed conditions outlined below.
9.4.2.5 Health and Veterinary Certificates must be produced before animals may be unloaded
from the aircraft. Dogs and cats may be exported into Australia from Norfolk I subject to prior per-
mission being obtained from the Chief Quarantine Officer (Animals) Department of Primary Indus-
tries, Brisbane. On arrival in Australia the animals will be subject to quarantine for a period of 9
months at Brisbane.
AUSTRALIA
9.4.2.6 Health and Fumigation Certificates must be produced before trees, plants and seeds
may be unloaded from the aircraft. Avocado fruit may be exported to Australia from Norfolk I in
the form of personal baggage, subject to an official certificate being obtained from the Plant Quar-
antine Officer, Norfolk I Airport.
9.4.3 Immigration Requirements – Norfolk I
9.4.3.1 Passports are normally required for entry to Norfolk I, and, in any event, all passengers
require passports for re-entry to Australia and New Zealand. Visitors to Norfolk I in the following
categories are deemed to have a 30 day Visit Permit upon arrival in Norfolk I.
a. holders of Australian and New Zealand passports, or
b. Australian and New Zealand permanent residents, or
c. holders of visas to enter or re-enter (as the case may be) Australia or New Zealand which
are valid for at least 60 days.
9.4.3.2 In all other cases (with the exception of certain visitors from New Caledonia), a visitor is
required to obtain a Visitor’s Permit from the Norfolk I Immigration Officer prior to departure for
Norfolk I. This policy will only be waived where a specific approval is obtained from the Norfolk I
Minister for Immigration before the visitor leaves for Norfolk I.
9.4.3.3 A special provision exists for visitors traveling to Norfolk I from New Caledonia who have
the right to enter New Caledonia.
9.4.3.4 All persons arriving at Norfolk I should have confirmed accommodation.
9.4.3.5 All persons arriving at Norfolk I must have a valid return or onward air ticket, except for
permanent residents of Norfolk I who hold:
a. a return ticket to Norfolk I issued in Norfolk I; or
b. a one-way ticket to Norfolk I purchased on Norfolk I; or
c. a letter identifying them as bona fide residents and issued by the Administration of Norfolk I;
or
d. a passport containing endorsement identifying them as permanent residents of Norfolk I.
9.4.3.6 Visas are also required for re-entry to mainland Australia except for:
a. holders of Australian passports;
b. holders of valid New Zealand passports who will be eligible for the grant of a special cate-
gory visa on arrival in Australia; or
c. permanent residents of Norfolk I who hold a passport endorsed with an authority to reside in
Norfolk I.
9.4.3.7 Persons who are ordinarily resident in Norfolk I, but are not Australian or New Zealand
citizens, must have a valid passport together with a letter issued by the Norfolk I Administration
identifying them as persons who are ordinarily resident in Norfolk I. If that letter states that a
person holds a Temporary Entry Permit or a General Entry Permit, it is necessary for a current
Temporary Entry Permit or General Entry Permit to be held.
AUSTRALIA
9.4.3.8 Visitors may apply, while on Norfolk I, to the Norfolk I Immigration Officer to extend a
Visitors Permit so as to allow a total stay of up to 120 days. To stay longer than 120 days, a pas-
senger is required to seek a Temporary Entry Permit, and passengers intending to seek such a
permit should make inquires to the Norfolk I Immigration Officer before departure to Norfolk I.
Strict immigration control is exercised pursuant to the Norfolk I Immigration Act 1980.
9.4.3.9 Each passenger must complete the personal details incorporated in the Customs Decla-
ration, copies of which are available on board the aircraft.
9.4.3.10 Departing passengers must complete an immigration Departure form.
9.4.4 Customs Requirements – Norfolk I
9.4.4.1 The pilot-in-command is required to report the arrival of the aircraft to the Collector of
Customs and to furnish him with the documents summarized in paragraph 9.4.1.1.
9.4.4.2 Each passenger is required to complete a Customs Declaration which is collected in the
passenger processing area.
9.4.4.3 Passengers are not required to complete any customs formalities on departure from the
Territory.
9.4.4.4 Before departure of an aircraft from the Territory the pilot-in-command is required to
present to the Collector of Customs three (3) copies of the outward General Declaration, two (2)
Passenger Manifests and two (2) Cargo Manifests.
NOTE: General Declaration details should include:
a. Flight origin, all enroute stops and final destination; and
b. Names, dates of birth and passport number of all persons on board (for light aircraft, any
passengers may be detailed under separate heading after crew).
9.4.5 Departure Fee – Norfolk I
9.4.5.1 Before departure of an aircraft from Norfolk I, the pilot-in-command is required to present
to the Departure Fee Collecting Authority at the Airport, one copy of the outward passenger mani-
fest. Passengers must pay a Departure Fee of $25 pursuant to provisions of the Departure Fee
Act 1980. This fee is payable at the Airport on departure.
9.4.5.2 Exempt from departure fee are:
a. the Head of State of a country and a person accompanying him/her in an official capacity;
b. a person under the age of 16 years;
c. a member of the Australian Defence Force or a member of the armed forces of another
country who has been engaged in Norfolk I in the course of his/her duty;
d. a member of the crew of a vessel at Norfolk I:
1. stopping over, or
2. loading or unloading cargo or embarking or disembarking passengers;
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e. a passenger of an aircraft or vessel stopping over at Norfolk I remains on Norfolk I for not
more than 24 hours;
f. a person who intends:
1. to be away from Norfolk I for a period of less than 30 days; and
2. to visit no country, including Australia, during his/her absence from Norfolk I;
g. a person who:
1. entered Norfolk I under circumstances of emergency; and
2. is leaving within seven (7) days of so entering Norfolk I; or
h. a person who, in the opinion of a person authorized in that behalf by the Executive Member:
1. is leaving Norfolk I primarily for the purpose of receiving medical treatment; or
2. must necessarily accompany a person referred to in h. (1);
i. a person who:
1. has attained the age of 16 years, but has not attained the age of 25 years; and
2. in the opinion of a person authorized in that behalf by the Executive Member, is leaving
Norfolk I primarily for the purpose of receiving full time education at a school, college or
university.
9.4.6 Passenger Movement Charge − Norfolk Island
9.4.6.1 Inwards. Passengers travelling to Norfolk Island (from Australia) and who intend to
depart for a country other than Australia within three months of arrival are required to, subject to
valid exemptions, pay the Passenger Movement Charge, whether ticketed or not.
9.4.6.2 Outwards. Passengers departing Norfolk Island for a country other than Australia are
required to, subject to valid exemptions, pay the Passenger Movement Charge whether ticketed
or not.
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ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF CARGO
SECTION 10
10.1 CUSTOMS REQUIREMENTS
The cargo report is used to report the particulars of all goods (including mail, in-transit and tran-
shipment cargo) that a cargo reporter has arranged to be carried to Australia and that are inten-
ded to be offloaded in Australia. The cargo report is also used to report goods that a cargo
reporter has arranged to be carried on a ship or aircraft and that will be kept on board the ship or
aircraft.
The carrier (airline) is required, as the first cargo reporter, to report to Customs and Border Pro-
tection the full detail of cargo for which they are directly responsible. They are also required to
notify Customs and Border Protection of any cargo carried on behalf of another cargo reporter.
The cargo report must be lodged electronically in the Integrated Cargo System (ICS) at least two
(2) hours prior to the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft.
When an aircraft has arrived at an airport in Australia, the operator must report to Customs and
Border Protection, the particulars of the aircraft’s stores and of any prohibited goods contained in
those stores at the time of arrival. The report of aircraft stores and prohibited goods must be
made within three (3) hours of the arrival of the aircraft or before the certificate of clearance is
issued, whichever happens first.
Import declarations are used to clear goods with a value exceeding A$1000 from Customs con-
trol. Import declarations are communicated to Customs and Border Protection electronically via
the Integrated Cargo System (ICS) or by lodgement of a completed import declaration form
(B650) at a Customs and Border Protection counter.
A self-assessed clearance (SAC) declaration must be made for imported goods valued at or
below A$1000.
All air cargo consignments of diplomatic and consular goods require a cargo report and, if valued
above A$1000 an import declaration must be submitted to Customs and Border Protection. All
diplomatic and consular goods are exempt Customs and Border Protection duty and taxes and
cost recovery charges provided the goods meet all Customs and Border Protection and DAFF
Biosecurity legislative requirements including the Customs (Prohibited Imports) Regulations and
DAFF Biosecurity Regulations. The B615 form must be provided to Customs and Border Protec-
tion for the release of privileged imports from Customs control. Diplomatic/Consular Mail/Pouch/
Bags do not require an import declaration.
All transhipment cargo must be reported on a cargo report, lodged electronically in the ICS at
least two (2) hours prior to the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft. When a cargo report is sub-
mitted showing the cargo has a discharge port as an Australian port, but the destination port is not
an Australian port, the ICS recognizes that ultimately the cargo is destined for a place outside
Australia. The ICS assigns the cargo report transhipment status and will automatically generate a
Transhipment Number. A Transhipment Number is a valid Customs Authority (CAN) for the pur-
poses of export and must be quoted in an export manifest.
Departure Report — The departure report is a prerequisite that must be satisfied before a certifi-
cate of clearance can be granted by Customs and Border Protection. A departure report is a
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ENTRY, TRANSIT AND DEPARTURE OF CARGO
statement made by the pilot or owner of the aircraft, or an agent, to Customs and Border Protec-
tion providing information concerning the proposed date and time of departure of the aircraft. The
departure report must be lodged electronically in the ICS.
Outwards Manifest — The pilot or owner of the aircraft must communicate electronically, in the
ICS, to Customs and Border Protection, not later than three (3) days after the day of departure of
the aircraft, an outwards manifest. The outwards manifest must specify all goods that were loaded
on board the aircraft.
Air cargo being exported from Australia must be reported to Customs and Border Protection by
the pilot or owner of the aircraft in the form of an outward manifest. This is normally done in elec-
tronic form using the Customs and Border Protection ICS, or in manual formats. If the format is
manual, one copy is required.
10.1.11 The exporter must lodge an export entry with Customs and Border Protection and
obtain a “clear” export declaration number (EDN) before the cargo may be loaded for export.
10.1.12 A Main Manifest Number (MMN) is supplied by Customs and Border Protection.
10.2
10.2 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FORESTRY
BIOSECURITY (DAFF BIOSECURITY) REQUIREMENTS
Imported air cargo of biosecurity interest (fruit and vegetables, live plant, animal, avian and
aquatic species or commodities derived from these products) must be reported via the Australian
Customs and Border Protection Service ICS System.
Import Permits, sanitary certificates or related documents are required for imported cargo of bio-
security interest.
10.2.3 Transport and packaging requirements for live animal, avian and aquatic species are
specified in the International Air Transport Association - Live Animal Regulations.
A Quarantine Entry is required to be lodged for each imported consignment of biosecurity interest
prior to release of cargo.
No clearance documents are required with respect to goods of biosecurity interest being trans-
shipped.
Importers should note that all biosecurity inspections, permits or entries carry a government
charge.
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AERODROMES AND AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES CHARGES
11 AERODROME CHARGES
11.1 LANDING CHARGES
11.1.1 Each Major International airport will have airport specific conditions of use (including
access agreements) and landing charge regimes. Aircraft operators wishing to use these airports
should use the contact details listed hereunder to gain copies of appropriate documents from
each airport as necessary.
Adelaide Airport
General Manager
Address: Adelaide Airport Limited
1 James Schofield Drive
Adelaide
SA
5950
Tel: 61-8-8308 9228
Fax: 61-8-9308 9311
Brisbane Airport
Terminal Operations Manager
Address: Brisbane Airport Corporation Ltd
Hamilton Central
QLD
4007
Tel: 61-7-3406 3169
Fax: 61-7-3860 8634
Cairns Airport
Apron Coordinator
Address: Cairns Airport Pty Ltd
PO Box 57 Airport Administration Centre
Cairns Airport
QLD
4870
Tel: 61-7-4080 6744
Fax: 61-7-4035 9115
Canberra Airport
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Managing Director
Address: Canberra International Airport
2 Brindabella Circuit
Brindabella Business Park
Canberra International Airport
ACT
2609
Tel: 61-2-6275 2222
Fax: 61-2-6275 2244
Darwin Airport
Airport Duty Manager
Casuarina
NT
0811
Tel: 61-8-8920 1886
Fax: 61-8-8920 1855
Melbourne Airport
Terminal Operations Manager
Address: Australia Pacific Airports (Melbourne) Pty Ltd
Locked Bag 16
Gladstone Park
VIC
3043
Tel: 61-3-9297 1842
Fax: 61-3-9297 1995
E-Mail: reception@melair.com.au
Perth Airport
Duty Manager
Address: Westralia Airport Corporation Pty Ltd
Cloverdale
WA
6105
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61-8-9478 8501

Fax: 61-8-9477 1063
Sydney Airport
Aeronautical Debtors Controller
Address: Sydney Airports Corporation Ltd
P.O. Box 63
Mascot
NSW
1460
Tel: 61-2-8338 4938
Fax: 61-2-9667 1592
11.2 PASSENGER MOVEMENT CHARGE

11.2.1 Passenger Movement Charge (PMC), AUD $47, is levied on passengers departing Aus-
tralia for another country, whether or not the passenger intends to return to Australia. Australia
Customs Service (Customs), on behalf of the Commonwealth, has administrative responsibility for
the PMC which is collected by scheduled airlines at the time of ticket sale and remitted to Cus-
toms on a regular basis. Airlines are required to enter into an “Arrangement” to collect and remit
the charge. To establish an Arrangement, contact Customs by email: pmccentraloffice@cus-
toms.gov.au, in writing at the address below, or telephone +61 2 6275 6436. In the case of itiner-
ant aircraft, Customs officers will collect the charge and issue a receipt at time of departure clear-
ance.
11.2.2 Payment should be made in Australian currency by direct credit or cheque. Direct credit
or electronic funds transfer is the preferred mode of payment. Payment (in AUD) should be made
to the Australian Customs Service Passenger Movement Charge Westpac Bank BSB 033340
Account Number 143279. If paying by cheque it should be made payable (in AUD) to the “Austral-
ian Customs Service” and given to Customs officers at time of departure or mailed to:
PMC Unit
Address: Australian Customs Service
GPO Box 2809
Melbourne
VIC
3001
Payment by cheque is due within 28 days of departure from Australia.
11.2.3 A PMC Remittance Report is required at the time of payment listing the flight number (or
date and time of flight departure), the total number of passengers, the number of exemptions
aboard, and the total amount (in AUD) of PMC remitted. An Excel™ version of the PMC Remit-
tance Report is available by email:
npacpmc@customs.gov.au
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11.2.4 Exemptions from the PMC include:

a. a person under 12 years of age at the date of departure;
b. traditional inhabitants of Torres Strait Islands or Papua and New Guinea traveling in connec-
tion with the performance of traditional activities in the Torres Strait and adjacent territory;
c. a member of a foreign defence force departing on a military aircraft or a military ship as part
of their military employment, including spouse and/or child of that defence force member;
d. crew of aircraft and vessels (operational and positioning);
e. transit (air only) passengers who do not undergo Customs and Immigration processing;
f. emergency passengers who land in Australia for reasons beyond the person's control; eg,
illness, mechanical failure or other emergency;
g. passengers on single journeys who depart Australia more than once are only liable to pay
PMC once;
h. diplomatic and consular representatives of a country other than Australia, their families, staff
and their families;
i. passengers departing Australia to an installation in the Joint Petroleum Development Area
for the purpose of prospecting for petroleum or undertaking petroleum operations;
j. Protective Service Officers (as defined in the Australian Federal Police Act 1979) on an air-
craft for the purpose of enhancing the security of the aircraft;
k. travel to Norfolk Island unless the passenger intends to depart from there for an overseas
destination within three months of arrival;
l. travel to an Indian Ocean Territory (Christmas and Cocos [Keeling] Islands) unless the pas-
senger intends to depart from there for an overseas destination;
m. when travel between the Australian mainland and/or an Indian Ocean Territory and/or Nor-
folk Island can only be reasonably accomplished by first departing for another country, pro-
vided the stay in the other country does not exceed seven (7) days.
11.2.5 Passengers who have paid the PMC at the time of ticket sale are required to have a
record of payment on the ticket.
11.2.6 The collection and remittance of PMC will be a condition on which charters will be
approved.
12 AIRCRAFT CHARGES
12.1 INTRODUCTION
12.1.1 Airservices Australia is responsible for the provision of airways facilities and services in
Australia. The provision of airways facilities and services is managed on a commercial basis and
Airservices levies flight-based charges to recover the cost associated with the provision of these
facilities and services from aircraft operators.
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12.1.2 The Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Govern-
ment (DITRDLG) is responsible for the recovery of the cost of noise amelioration programs
through the mechanism of the Noise Levy Charge. The Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) is responsi-
ble for the provision of aviation weather services and recovers the cost of these services from air-
craft operators. To avoid duplication of administration and to assist customers in making pay-
ments, a single monthly invoice and/or statement covering Airservices’ charges, BoM charges
and the Commonwealth Noise Levy is issued.
12.1.3 This document sets out the basis on which charges are imposed. It also includes other
related information which aims to assist customers in understanding the charging arrangements.
Airway charges are administered in accordance with the legislation. This advice should be used
by customers as a guide only. Details on unit rates of charge and other information are contained
in the booklet entitled “Charges for Facilities and Services Standard Contract Terms” which can
be obtained by contacting the Financial Services Centre, Airservices Australia.
12.2 CHARGING SYSTEM

12.2.1 Aviation Charges
a. apply to all flights by an aircraft, both domestic (within an Australian flight information region)
and international (to and from an Australian flight information region) except:
1. flights that are notified as maintenance or test flights; and
2. operational missed approaches; and
b. include a discount at specified aerodromes for circuit training.
12.2.2 The charges are calculated on each tonne of the maximum take-off weight as set out in
the flight manual of the aircraft, with any part of a tonne charged on a pro-rata basis.
12.2.3 The following types of charge may be applicable:
a. Terminal navigation charge — covers aerodrome control, approach control and terminal nav-
igation aids;
b. Rescue and fire fighting charges — applies to aircraft with a maximum take-off weight of 2.5
tons or greater;
c. Enroute charges — applies if all or any part of a flight operates under the IFR.
12.3 DIT AND BoM CHARGES

12.3.1 Details on how the Meteorological Service Charge and the Noise Levy Charge are
applied may be obtained form the Financial Services Centre, Airservices Australia.
12.4 INTEREST
12.4.1 Interest is payable on the amount of the charge owning from the date it becomes overdue
until the date it is paid. The interest is calculated daily and compounded monthly at the rate of 2%
pa above the Commonwealth Bank Overdraft Index Rate (monthly charging cycle) current on the
first day of each month.
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12.4.2 If overdue amounts are not paid, Airservices may:

a. give the operator 14 days notice of their intention to withhold services (with a copy to the
Civil Aviation Safety Authority); and
b. withhold those services after that time, having regard to air navigation safety.
12.5 LIABILITY FOR CHARGES

12.5.1 The liability for charges lies with the Certificate of Registration (COR) holder of the air-
craft which incurs the charges, but mechanisms exist to transfer this liability to a third party where
this is more appropriate.
12.6 ASSIGNMENT OF LIABILITY

12.6.1 The buyer and seller of an aircraft should complete an Assignment of Liability of charges
payable in respect of the aircraft from the date of delivery of the aircraft to the buyer.
12.6.2 The charges payable in respect of an aircraft on hire or lease for more than 30 days may
be assigned to the hirer or lessee.
12.6.3 A form of Assignment of Liability is available from the Financial Services Centre, Airservi-
ces Australia.
12.6.4 Notwithstanding, the Financial Services Centre having accepted an Assignment of Liabil-
ity, the holder of the COR for the aircraft continues to be liable for the charges in respect of the
aircraft.
13 ADMINISTRATION OF AIRCRAFT CHARGES

13.1 FINANCIAL SERVICES CENTRE
13.1.1 The Financial Services Centre administers the charging arrangements for Airservices
Australia’s airways, rescue and fire fighting charges, BoM meteorological charges and DIT Noise
Levy charges. The Centre is responsible for:
a. the edit and correction of flight data,
b. maintenance of debtors’ accounts and other records,
c. issue of invoices and statements,
d. handling of account enquiries,
e. receipt of payments, and
f. debt recovery action.
13.1.2 The Financial Services Centre is located in the:
Airservices Australia Head Office
Address: 25 Constitution Ave
Canberra
ATC
AUSTRALIA
2600
13.1.3 All correspondence should be addressed to:
The Manager
Address: Financial Services Centre
PO Box 231
CIVIC SQUARE
ACT
626086
13.1.4 Urgent enquiries can also be made to the Financial Services Centre facsimile number
02-6268 5693 (dial 61-2 in lieu of 02 if calling from outside Australia).
13.1.5 Telephone enquiries should be directed to the Financial Services Centre free call (Aus-
tralia wide, except for mobile phones) number 1800-026 147 or, in the Canberra area, to 6268
5714.
13.2 INVOICES
13.2.1 Invoices are issued for each aircraft and show charges for flights undertaken in the pre-
ceding calendar month as well as flights from earlier months which, for any reason, have not
already been invoiced.
13.2.2 To reduce administrative costs, an invoice for an aircraft will normally be issued only
when the total value of flights to be invoiced exceed $55, or at least quarterly.
13.2.3 If requested by an aircraft operator, this administrative arrangement can be modified for
aircraft where monthly invoicing is required irrespective of the value of the invoices.
13.3 STATEMENTS
13.3.1 Statements are issued when an invoice has been generated or there are outstanding
charges. The statement will contain an amount brought forward (if there are outstanding charges
and/or interest from previous periods) and the total charges accrued in the current billing period.
Any receipts and/or interest since the previous statement will also be shown along with any
adjustments and a reference to the nature of that adjustment.
13.4 DISPUTED ACCOUNTS

13.4.1 Where a particular item on an invoice is disputed by the debtor, a note should accom-
pany the remittance identifying the disputed items and reason for dispute. The full amount of the
invoice should be paid while the dispute is being resolved as this will prevent interest accruing on
the unpaid amounts in the event that the dispute is resolved in favour of Airservices/BoM/DIT. In
the event that the dispute is resolved in favour of the debtor, a credit adjustment will be made
which will appear on the next statement and a credit note or refund issued.
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13.5 REMITTANCES
13.5.1 A tear-off remittance advice is provided with each statement, and payment should be for-
warded to the Financial Services Centre with this remittance advice. Payment can also be made
by direct deposit to the Centre’s bank account, provided advice of each payment is given to the
Financial Services Centre by facsimile. Operators who wish to make payments by this method
should contact the Financial Services Centre, Airservices Australia, for details.
13.6 RECEIPTS
13.6.1 Advice of receipts will be contained in each month’s statement.
13.7 CREDIT NOTES

13.7.1 Credit notes will be dispatched to customers on the next working day following a credit
being processed and give invoice details, amounts and an explanation of the adjustment.
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PASSPORT AND VISA

All persons seeking to enter or re-enter Australia, whether for temporary or permanent residence,
must identify themselves. In the case of non-citizens, they must hold or be eligible for a visa.
Passports are the most common and preferred type of travel document for identification purposes.
A valid passport is required for travel to Australia from all overseas destinations including Norfolk
Island.
Some countries still issue family group passports which may cover, for example, a husband
and/or wife and children of two or more siblings. For entry control purposes, Australia accepts
dependents on such passports only when accompanied by the principle holder.
Passengers traveling on domestic sectors of international flights within Australia must carry pass-
ports or other acceptable forms of photo-identification.
VISA REQUIREMENTS
All non-citizens are required to have a visa for entry to Australia. The Australian Government
strongly recommends that all passengers proposing to travel to Australia contact airlines, travel
agents or Australian missions overseas to ensure travel document and visa requirements are met.
Carriers are required to ensure non-citizen passengers traveling to Australia hold, or are eligible
to hold, a valid visa. Persons in possession of expired visas should not be carried to Australia.
Visas for travel to Australia may be for either single or multiple journeys within the validity of the
visa. Visas facilitate travel, but do not guarantee entry. Visitors who fail to satisfy border checks
can be refused entry to Australia. Visa types are identified as follows:
a. There are two types of visas: temporary and permanent. The majority of visas granted will
not be evidenced by a stick-in visa label. Existence of a visa should be verified by airlines at
check-in via Advance Passenger Processing (APP) system.
b. Where capable, airlines may issue Electronic Travel Authorities (ETAs) for tourist or short
term business travel to bearers of passports issued by the following countries:
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Andorra Ireland Singapore

Austria Italy South Korea
Belgium Japan Spain
Brunei Liechtenstein Sweden
Canada Luxembourg Switzerland
Denmark Malaysia Taiwan
Finland Malta United Kingdom
France Monaco (British Citizens
Germany Netherlands and British
Greece Norway Nationals
Hong Kong Portugal Overseas)
Iceland San Marino USA
Vatican City
Further information regarding these visas and the visa application process can be found at
www.immi.gov.au.
c. Special Purpose Visas (SPVs) are a class of temporary visa taken to have been granted by
operation of law to certain persons or classes of persons; e.g. military personnel travelling on
official duty provided for under an agreement between Australia and a foreign country. SPV
holders are not required to complete an application form provided they belong to any of the
following classes of persons (arrival by air only, further categories exist for passengers arriv-
ing by sea).
INCOMING PASSENGER CARDS

Incoming passenger cards are required to be completed by all passengers except for:
a. Airline crew members who are on duty; and
b. direct transit passengers.
Supplies of Incoming Passenger Cards should be maintained on aircraft and issued to passen-
gers in ample time for completion before arrival at the immigration clearance airport in Australia. If
passengers cannot complete their own cards because of age or physical infirmity, the cards must
be completed by the accompanying parent, guardian or attendant.
Incoming Passenger Cards must be completed in the English language.
HEALTH
All persons over one (1) year of age arriving in Australia and who have within the previous six (6)
days been overnight or longer in that part of a country which has been reported as currently
yellow fever infected by the World Health Organization in the Weekly Epidemiological Record,
must hold a valid international yellow fever vaccination certificate.
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QUARANTINE
National Program Manager — Airports
Address: Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service
PO Box 858
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6272 5105
Fax: 61-2-6272 3468
Health and Human Quarantine
Director Surveillance and Management Section, National Centre for Disease Control
Address: Department of Health and Family Services
GPO Box 9848
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6289 8606
Fax: 61-2-6289 7791
AIRCRAFT ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL
The DIT is the lead agency responsible for Australia’s obligations under the provisions of Annex 9
(Facilitation) of the Chicago Convention. The DIT is responsible for coordinating with the other
Australian agencies that are charged with the development and implementation of policy on pas-
senger and cargo processing at Australian airports.
The Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) has responsibility for all operational and safety matters
relating to civil aviation into, within and from Australian territory. DIT has responsibility for the eco-
nomic regulatory functions relating to civil aviation into, within and from Australian territory. Appli-
cations, when required, for non-scheduled aircraft operations must be submitted to DIT and
CASA.
Department of Infrastructure and Transport (DIT):
General Manager, Aviation Industry Policy Division, Aviation and Airports Division
Address: Department of Infrastructure and Transport
GPO Box 594
Canberra
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
Tel: 61-2-6274 7739
Fax: 61-2-6274 6749
E-Mail: stephen.borthwick@infrastructure.gov.au
Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA)
Canberra
ACT 2601
AUSTRALIA
Tel: +61 7 3144 7400
Fax: +61 7 3144 7599
Internet: International_Ops@casa.gov.au
All flights into, from or over the territory of Australia, and landings in such territory, shall be carried
out in accordance with the legislation of Australia regarding civil aviation. In accordance with Sec-
tion 10 of the Air Navigation Act 1920, aircraft arriving in or departing from any part of Australian
territory must land at and depart from airports designated by the Minister for that purpose.
Aircraft which are completely cleared by the Customs and Border Protection Authorities at a des-
ignated international airport are not required to confine their future landings within Australian terri-
tory to airports proclaimed by the Customs and Border Protection Authorities for Customs purpo-
ses. Nevertheless, such aircraft must depart from Australian territory from a designated interna-
tional airport.
Operators of any flights to or from Australia must separately have an approved Transport Security
Program (TSP). It is an offence under the Aviation Transport Security Act 2004 to operate a pre-
scribed air service without an approved TSP. A TSP may be in force for up to five years once
approved. See AVIATION SECURITY for further information.
SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL SERVICES BY FOREIGN AIRCRAFT

OF CONTRACTING STATES TO THE CHICAGO CONVENTION
An international airline of a country other than Australia must not operate a scheduled interna-
tional air service over or into Australian territory except in accordance with an International Airline
License.
The requirement to hold an International Airline License does not apply to the following categories
of scheduled international air services:
a. scheduled international air services that fly over Australian territory but do not land in Aus-
tralian territory;
b. scheduled international air services that land in Australian territory but do not set down or
take on passengers or cargo for reward or hire;
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c. scheduled international air services operated in accordance with an agreement, between an

international airline and the holder of an international airline license, that the Secretary has
approved in writing.
An International Airline License shall not be granted to an international airline of a country other
than Australia unless that country and Australia are parties to the Air Transit Agreement, or to
some other agreement or arrangement, whether bilateral or multi-lateral, under which scheduled
international air services of that other country may, subject to the agreement or arrangement, be
operated over or into Australian territory.
Applicants for International Airline Licences may obtain a copy of Guidance Notes for Applicants
at: http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/ial/index.aspx.
All holders of International Airline Licences are required to notify the Secretary to the Department
of Infrastructure and Transport in an approved form of any new international (scheduled) air serv-
ice. The requirements for lodging of timetables by international airlines are set out in Air Naviga-
tion Regulation 20 and 21 (not published herein).
Currently, the approved form is the airline’s normal operating timetable which should contain the
route to be operated by the airline both into and out of Australia, the origin, intermediate and des-
tination points, the times of departure to and arrival from these points, the frequency of each serv-
ice, flight numbers, aircraft type, and capacity to be used on each service. Advice that airport slot
allocations have been obtained from the Australian Schedule Coordinator also needs to be lodged
with the timetable applications. An application for approval of a timetable must be lodged with the
Secretary not less than 35 days before the date from which the airline proposes to operate the
service in accordance with the timetable, or within such shorter period as the Secretary allows.
Should an airline wish to lodge an application in less than the 35 day period, it should provide its
reasons for wanting to do so. For practical purposes, lodgement “with the Secretary” means lodg-
ement with the General Manager of the Aviation Industry Policy Branch.
In addition to an Australian International Airline Licence, an operator of a proposed scheduled
service to Australia is required to hold an Australian Foreign Air Operator’s Certificate (FAOC)
issued by CASA.
Application forms for FAOCs are available from CASA, address and telephone numbers listed in
the previous section.
In addition to the requirements to obtain an International Airline Licence and FAOC, all aircraft
operators should note the separate requirement for transport security plan approval in AVIATION
SECURITY and the aircraft noise certification requirements in AIRCRAFT: NOISE OPERATING
RESTRICTIONS.
NON-SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL SERVICES BY FOREIGN

AIRCRAFT OF CONTRACTING STATES TO THE CHICAGO CONVENTION
Where an aircraft makes a commercial non-scheduled flight into or out of Australian territory it
shall have prior permission from both the DIT and the CASA. However, certain categories of non-
scheduled flights have standing DIT approvals.
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DIT international freight and charter policy guidelines, and permission for flights, may be obtained
by writing or by Fax to 61-2-6274 6749 or at: http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/interna-
tional/guidelines.aspx. When applying for permission for flights, applicants must advise DIT of
permission for slot allocation from the Airport Coordination Australia (see Flight Planning, slot allo-
cations).
An application form for CASA permission for non-scheduled flights can be obtained from the
CASA address. Written requests containing the following information will also be accepted:
a. name and address of operator;
b. type of aircraft and registration mark;
c. purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and actual weight of cargo unloa-
ded at Australian airports involved;
d. copy of operator's Air Operator’s Certificate or equivalent;
e. certificate of airworthiness for the aircraft;
f. certificate of registration for the aircraft;
g. for aircraft powered by turbine engines that have a maximum take-off weight of more than
15,000KG, or are carrying 10 or more passengers, confirmation that the aircraft is equipped
with a GPWS;
h. for aircraft powered by turbine engines that have a maximum take-off weight of more than
15,000KG, or if permitted by its type certificate to have passenger seating of more
than 30 seats, confirmation that the aircraft is fitted with TCAS II equipment;
i. date and expected time of arrival and departure from all airports concerned in Australian
Territory (Times must be expressed in the sequence Month Day Hour Minute UTC; e.g.
11101624UTC [1624 on 10 November, UTC]; a mix of local date and UTC times must not
be used);
j. the number of passengers that will be carried on board the aircraft;
k. for turbine powered aircraft, confirmation that the aircraft meets the requirements of ICAO
Annex 16, Volume 1, Chapter 3; and
l. for aircraft that may operate above FL290, confirmation that the aircraft is approved for
operation in RVSM airspace.
NOTE: Additional information may be required depending on the type of operation and air-
ports that will be used while in Australian territory. Requests for additional information may
be issued after an initial assessment of the application for a non-schedule flight approval.
At the same time that permission is sought from DIT and CASA, an aircraft operator, through the
designated representative, must obtain and agree to the conditions of use (including aircraft
charges) or similar policies as applied by each airport owner or operator. Airport Owners and
Operators are listed under Airports of Entry and in the Airport Directory.
AUSTRALIA
Applications for permission should be accompanied by the prescribed fees. Details of application
fees under ANR 329 and Part 5, Division 3 of the Air Services Act 1995, may be obtained from
the DIT and Airservices respectively.
Alan Woods Building
25 Constitution Ave
CANBERRA CITY
ACT
2601
– or –
Address: PO Box 367
CANBERRA
ACT
2601
Tel: 61-2-6268 4111
Fax: 61-2-6268 5683
NON-SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL SERVICES BY AUSTRALIAN

NON-CONTRACTING STATES AND CONTRACTING STATES WHICH DO NOT
REQUIRE PRIOR APPROVAL — DIT ONLY
A delegate of the Secretary of the DIT pursuant to subsection 15A(3) of the Air Navigation Act
1920 (the Act) has determined that permission is not required in respect of the following catego-
ries of non-scheduled international commercial flights:
a. programs of passenger charter flights by aircraft with a capacity of 10 or fewer seats;
b. 5 or fewer passenger charter flights with aircraft with a capacity of between 10 and 40 seats;
c. 2 or fewer passenger charter flights with aircraft with a capacity of between 40 and 80 seats;
d. single charter flights;
e. single-entity freight charter flights; and
f. own use charter flights.
Operators of any flight included in one of the categories above are required under subsection
15A(7), within 14 days after the end of the flight, to give a written notice to the General Manager,
Aviation Industry Policy Branch setting out the following details in relation to the flight and the pas-
sengers, cargo, and mail:
AUSTRALIA
a. the name and address of the charterer;

b. the name and address of the charter operator;
c. the type and capacity of the aircraft;
d. whether the flight was a single charter flight or part of a program of charter flights;
e. if the aircraft carried cargo, the type of cargo;
f. the following particulars of the flight:
1. the place where the flight began;
2. the place where the flight ended;
3. any intermediate stopping places, specifying at which places passengers, cargo or mail
were taken on or discharged;
4. the dates of departure from, and arrival at, the places mentioned in the preceding sub-
paragraphs;
g. whether the flight was a “single entity freight charter flight”; and
h. whether the flight was an “own use charter flight”.
Operators may provide details of more than one flight in a single notification provided that the
Department receives notification of all flights within 14 days after the end of each individual flight.
If Australian authorities find that charter flights coming within the above categories are being
repeated in close proximity, operators may be required to submit applications for approval of any
further flights.
Any proposed flights to or from the following countries, or involving the carriage of passengers or
cargo between Australia and the following countries, may not be operated without prior approval
of the Secretary of the Department of Infrastructure and Transport:
a. Afghanistan;
b. Iraq;
c. Yemen; and
d. Somalia.
NOTE: Changes to this list shall be notified by NOTAM as required.
All operators should note the separate requirement for transport security plan approval in AVIA-
TION SECURITY and the aircraft noise certification requirements in AIRCRAFT: NOISE OPER-
ATING RESTRICTIONS.
At the same time that permission is sought from DIT and the CASA, an aircraft operator, through
the designated representative, must obtain and agree to the conditions of use (including aircraft
charges) or similar policies as applied by each airport owner or operator. Airport Owners and
Operators are listed in the Airport Directory.
AUSTRALIA
INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN AIRCRAFT NOT POSSESSING

NATIONALITY OF CONTRACTING STATE TO THE CHICAGO CONVENTION
For international flights over or into Australian territory where the carrier is registered in a State
which is not a party to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, the operator shall obtain
prior permission through diplomatic channels. All such requests must be in writing.
SUMMARY OF DOCUMENTS TO BE PRESENTED BY PILOT-IN-COMMAND OR

AUTHORIZED AGENT
NOTE: All required documents are to be furnished in English and originals and all copies must be
completely legible. Names should be shown in block letters, and with regard to names of passen-
gers, initials at least are to be inserted. Care must be taken to ensure that all documents are fully
and accurately completed.
At First Airport of Call in Australia
a. Impending Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection the impending arrival of
the aircraft. The impending arrival report (IAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS not
more than 10 days before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft and not later than three
(3) hours before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft.
b. Actual Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
c. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wine, spirits and tobacco products) — 1 copy
d. Articles in Possession — Aircrew — 1 copy
Signing of Documents
The copy of the General Declaration for the DAFF Biosecurity officer and the health section of this
copy must be signed by the pilot-in-command. Other copies of this document may be signed by
either the pilot-in-command or authorized agent. Each individual crew member must complete a
copy of Articles in Possession Aircrew form. Either the pilot or the authorized agent may sign the
list of stores. Documents, except those for presentation to the DAFF Biosecurity officer, must be
signed in the presence of the Customs and Border Protection Officer.
AUSTRALIA
At Airports other than First Airport of Call in Australia

At stops other than the first airport of call, the pilot-in-command or authorized agent will present
for clearance purposes the copy of the General Declaration signed and stamped by the Customs
and Border Protection officer prior to departure from the previous stop. A hard copy of the cargo
manifest is not required where the carrier has full EDI with the Customs Air Cargo Automation
(ACA) system.
Impending Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
The aircraft operator must report to Customs and Border Protection the impending arrival of the
aircraft. The impending arrival report (IAR) must be lodged electronically in the ICS not more than
10 days before the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft and not later than three (3) hours before
the estimated time of arrival of the aircraft.
a. Actual Arrival Report — Electronic, lodged in the ICS
b. List of Stores (e.g. narcotic drugs, beer, wine, spirits and tobacco products) 1 copy
At First Airport of Departure from Australia
a. General Declaration — 3 copies
b.
b.
b. Export Permits (where required)
NOTE: One copy of the General Declaration must be signed and one copy of each manifest
initialed by the pilot-in-command or authorized agent.
c. Departure Report (electronic, lodged in the ICS)
The departure report is a prerequisite that must be satisfied before a certificate of clearance
can be granted by Customs and Border Protection. A departure report is a statement made
by the pilot or owner of the aircraft, or an agent, to Customs and Border Protection providing
information concerning the proposed date and time of departure of the aircraft. The depar-
ture report must be lodged electronically in the ICS.
d. Outwards Manifest (electronic, lodged in the ICS)
The pilot or owner of the aircraft must communicate electronically to Customs and Border
Protection, not later than three (3) days after the day of departure of the aircraft, an outwards
AUSTRALIA
manifest. The outwards manifest must specify all goods that were loaded on board the air-
craft.
Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) Biosecurity Requirements
Detailed information about DAFF Biosecurity requirements for overseas aircraft can be found in
the “Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) Guidelines for Airline and Aircraft Oper-
ators Arriving in Australia” document that can be found on the DAFF Biosecurity website at: http://
www.daff.gov.au/aqis/avm/aircraft/guidelines-operators.
The pilot in command of an aircraft landing at a designated international airport which is the first
airport of call in Australia must furnish one copy of the General Declaration signed by him/her to
the agencies.
All aircraft are required to meet Australia’s disinsection requirement. The Commander of an over-
seas aircraft (or, if the Commander is not the operator of the aircraft, the operator of the aircraft)
will make arrangements for the disinsection of the aircraft in a manner, and within a time,
approved by a Director of Quarantine.
At Airports other than First Airport of Departure from Australia
At stops other than the first airport of departure, the pilot-in-command or authorized agent will
present for clearance purposes the copy of the General Declaration, signed and stamped by the
Customs Officer prior to departure from the previous stop, together with attached manifests. A
hard copy of the cargo manifest is not required where the carrier has full EDI with the Customs
EXIT system. A final Manifest Acknowledgment (FMA) is to be supplied to Customs.
HEALTH REQUIREMENTS FOR CLEARANCE OF AIRCRAFT ON ENTRY

All compartments of aircraft will be subject to spraying for the destruction of insects. Aircraft
should be treated by disinsecting in accordance with Australian Government requirements.
INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE FLIGHTS

Section 14 of the Air Navigation Act allows an aircraft that possesses the nationality of a Contract-
ing State undertaking a private flight to enter or leave Australia, or fly in transit across Australia,
without the requirement of obtaining prior permission.
SPECIAL NOTICES
Aircraft: Noise Operating Restrictions
Under the Air Navigation (Aircraft Noise) Regulations, international and domestic aircraft operat-
ing in Australia are required to be certified as compliant with the relevant ICAO Annex 16 noise
standards. Subsonic jets must be certified as Chapter 3 or Chapter 4. Aircraft with Chapter 2
noise certification are not permitted to operate. Operators who want to operate a Chapter 2 air-
craft must apply for permission to operate.
Large, marginally noise compliant (MCC3) jet aircraft are prohibited from operating at: Sydney,
Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Hobart, Canberra, Darwin, Cairns, Gold Coast, Newcastle
AUSTRALIA
(Williamtown), Essendon and Avalon airports. For a full list of potentially affected aircraft types
please contact the General Manager, Aviation Environment Branch.
Operators of MCC3 aircraft who want to operate at these airports must apply to the Department of
Infrastructure and Transport, for a (noise) permission to operate.
Aircraft owners and pilots requiring information about aircraft noise operating restrictions or the Air
Navigation (Aircraft Noise) Regulations should contact:
General Manager, Aviation Environment Branch
Address: Department of Infrastructure and Transport
PO Box 594
CANBERRA
ACT 2601
Australia
Tel: 61-2-6274-7009
Fax: 61-2-6274-7804
E-Mail: aircraftpermits@infrastructure.gov.au
IMPORTANT – International operators must also contact the Australian Civil Aviation Safety
Authority (CASA) to apply for a (safety) permission to operate in Australian Territory.
Currency
There is no limit to the amount of currency (notes and coins) that may be brought into, or taken
out of, Australia. However, if persons are carrying currency of AU $10,000 or more (or the foreign
equivalent) into or out of Australia, they must declare this fact to Customs and Border Protection.
Cross-Border Movement-Physical Currency (CMB-PC) reporting forms are available from Cus-
toms and Border Protection on request.
AIRCRAFT CHARGES
Airservices Australia is responsible for the provision of airway facilities and services in Australia.
The provision of airway facilities and services is managed on a commercial basis and Airservices
levies flight- based charges to recover the cost associated with the provision of these facilities and
services from aircraft operators.
The Department of Infrastructure and Transport (DIT) is responsible for the recovery of the cost of
noise amelioration programs through the mechanism of the Noise Levy Charge. The Bureau of
Meteorology (BoM) is responsible for the provision of aviation weather services and recovers the
cost of these services from aircraft operators. To avoid duplication of administration and to assist
customers in making payments, a single monthly invoice and/or statement covering Airservices’
charges, BoM charges and the Commonwealth Noise Levy is issued.
AUSTRALIA
CHARGING SYSTEM
Aviation Charges
Apply to all flights by an aircraft, both domestic (within an Australian flight information region) and
international (to and from an Australian flight information region).
The charges are calculated on each ton of the maximum take-off weight as set out in the flight
manual of the aircraft, with any part of a ton charged on a pro-rata basis.
The following types of charge may be applicable:
a. Terminal navigation charge — covers aerodrome control, approach control and terminal nav-
igation aids;
b. Rescue and fire fighting charges — applies to aircraft with a maximum take-off weight of 2.5
tons or greater;
c. Enroute charges — applies if all or any part of a flight operates under the IFR.
DIT and BoM Charges
Details on how the Meteorological Service Charge and the Noise Levy Charge are applied may
be obtained form the Financial Services Centre, Airservices Australia.
Passenger Movement Charge
Passenger Movement Charge (PMC), AUD$47, is levied on passengers departing Australia for
another country, whether or not the passenger intends to return to Australia. Australian Customs
Service (Customs), on behalf of the Commonwealth, has administrative responsibility for the PMC
which is collected by scheduled airlines at the time of ticket sale and remitted to Customs on a
regular basis. Airlines are required to enter into an “Arrangement” to collect and remit the charge.
To establish an Arrangement, contact Customs by email: pmccentraloffice@customs.gov.au, in
writing at the address below, or telephone +61 2 6275 6436.
The collection and remittance of Passenger Movement Charge will be a condition on which char-
ters will be approved.
FINANCIAL SERVICES CENTRE

The Financial Services Centre administers the charging arrangements for Airservices Australia’s
airways, rescue and fire fighting charges, BoM meteorological charges and DIT Noise Levy
charges.
The Financial Services Centre is located in the Airservices Australia Head Office at 25 Constitu-
tion Ave, Canberra, ACT 2600.
All correspondence should be addressed to:
The Manager
Address: Financial Services Centre
PO Box 231
AUSTRALIA
CIVIC SQUARE
ACT
2608
Urgent enquiries can also be made to the Financial Services Centre facsimile number 02-6268
5693 (dial 61-2 in lieu of 02 if calling from outside Australia).
Telephone enquiries should be directed to the Financial Services Centre free call (Australia wide
except for mobile phones) number 1800-026 147 or, in the Canberra area, to 6268 5714.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
MAJOR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS
“Major International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure for international air traffic
where all formalities incident to Customs (Customs and Border Protection), Immigration (the
Department of Immigration and Citizenship/DIAC), and Quarantine (the Department of Agricul-
ture, Fisheries and Forestry Biosecurity/DAFF Biosecurity), and similar procedures are carried
out.

Adelaide
Brisbane
Cairns
Darwin Customs, Quarantine and Immigration
Melbourne
Perth
Sydney
RESTRICTED USE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

“Restricted Use International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure at which the formal-
ities incident to Customs, Immigration, and Quarantine, and similar procedures are made availa-
ble on a restricted basis to flights with prior approval only. The Airline or its agent/representatives
may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of resources from
another border agency base to a Restricted Use International Airport.
AUSTRALIA

Avalon
Broome
Canberra
Gold Coast Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
Hobart with approved flights only.
Port Hedland
Townsville
Williamtown/Newcastle
Coffs Harbour Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
Coffs Harbour is not a proclaimed first port of entry and landing
place for overseas aircraft and may only be nominated as an al-
ternative for flights with prior DAFF Biosecurity approval.
Learmonth Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
Learmonth is not permanently staffed by border agencies, and
is serviced for international flights under a request for service ar-
rangement.
Lord Howe I Customs, Quarantine and Immigration are provided to coincide
DAFF Biosecurity does not currently have any approved officers
on Lord Howe Island that are trained to undertake international
aircraft clearances.
ALTERNATE AIRPORTS TO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

“Alternate Airport” means an airport specified in the flight plan to which a flight may proceed when
it becomes inadvisable to land at the airport of intended landing. The Airline or its agent/represen-
tatives may be responsible for covering additional expenses relating to the positioning of resour-
ces from another border agency base to an Alternate Airport.
AUSTRALIA

Canberra Customs, Quarantine and Immigration clearances are available
Gold Coast if reasonable notification of diversion is given.
Port Hedland
Alice Springs
Avalon
Coffs Harbour
Serviced for international arrivals in the event of an emergency/
Kalgoorlie stress. In such an instance, all passengers and crew must re-
Launceston main on board where safe to do so. Aircraft should then proceed
to a major international airport for clearance.
Learmonth
Rockhampton
Tindal
Townsville* Customs, Quarantine and Immigration Clearances are available
* Townsville may be nominated as an international alternate for wide bodied aircraft subject to
the following conditions:
a. Use of the military apron will be subject to the requirements of the RAAF.
b. Taxiway “K” may be used when the military apron is not available.
INTERNATIONAL NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHT AIRPORTS

“International Non-Scheduled Flight Airport” means an airport at which approval may be granted,
provided the prescribed prior notice is given, for international non-scheduled flights only. No other
form of international operation is permitted.
Airport Clearance Available

Horn I Customs, Quarantine, and Immigration clearances are available
if reasonable prior notice is given.
EXTERNAL TERRITORY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

“External Territory International Airport” means an airport of entry and departure for international
air traffic, located upon an Australian External Territory, where all formalities incident to Immigra-
tion, Quarantine and Territory Customs, and similar procedures are available. Australian External
Territory International Airports are as follows:
AUSTRALIA

Christmas I (Indian Ocean)
Cocos Is (Keeling) Immigration, Quarantine and Territory Customs
Norfolk I
TERRITORY OF CHRISTMAS I
At least 24 hours notice is required for all unscheduled flights into Christmas Island. Airport staff
are on-call 24 hours, 7 days a week.
Landing charges are levied.
The aerodrome is licensed for night operations; however there are restrictions on types and sizes
of aircraft.
Notice of intended flights should be faxed to the Airport Manager on 08-9164 7205 (International:
+61-8-9164 7205), or be forwarded by e-mail to dmwaci@customs.gov.au.
If fuel is required at Christmas Island (Jet-A1 only available), this should be indicated in the flight
notification. Payment is required in cash or by Air BP carnet. Local Air BP telephone and facsimile
is 08-9164 7228.
Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-In-Command or Authorized Agent
On Arrival
a. General Declaration (showing names of crew) — 2 copies
b. Passenger Manifest — 2 copies
c. Cargo Manifest — 2 copies
d. Customs Clearance (from last airport) — 2 copies
On Departure
a. General Declaration (showing names of crew) — 1 copy
b. Cargo Manifest — 1 copy
c. Customs Clearance — 1 copy
Health Requirements
All aircraft upon arrival from other than mainland Australia or Tasmania will be subject to spraying
for the destruction of insects. This will be carried out by a Christmas I Quarantine Officer and no
person will disembark until permitted to do so by this officer.
Immigration Requirements
Normal Australian immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Australia. All
non-citizens must hold visas prior to arrival a Christmas Island when entering from outside Aus-
tralia.
AUSTRALIA
No passports or visas are required when arriving on Christmas I from the Australian mainland or
Tasmania; however, some form of government-issued identification must be produced for clear-
ance through Customs/Immigration; e.g., Medicare card or Driver License.
TERRITORY OF COCOS (KEELING) ISLAND

At least 24 hours notice is required for all flights arriving at Cocos (Keeling) Is. Landing charges
are levied but increase outside of the normal daylight operational period (0700-1700 local,
0030-1030 UTC). There are extra charges (additional to landing charges) for aircraft arriving out-
side 90 minutes of the stipulated arrival time. The aerodrome is licensed for night operations;
however, there may be restrictions on the size and type of aircraft.
Notice of intended flights can be given to the Senior Reporting Officer, telephone 08-9164 7228,
or facsimile 08-9164 7205 (dial 61-8 in lieu of 08 when dialing from outside Australia), or e-mail
dmwaci@customs.gov.au.
If fuel is required at Cocos (Keeling) I (Jet A-1 only available), the estimated quantity must be
advised in advance and a carnet obtained from Shell, telephone 08-9162 6670, facsimile 08-9162
6682 or mobile 08–9162 7700 Ext 5080. E-mail shellcocos@bigpond.com.
Unless adequate credit has already been established, landing fees and any other charges must
be settled in Australian currency prior to departure from the Island.
All aircraft entering mainland Australia or Tasmania from Cocos Is are required to land at a desig-
nated international airport to undergo Customs, Health and Immigration clearance formalities.
Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-in-Command or Authorized Agent
On Arrival
b. Passenger Manifest — 1 copy
c.
On Departure
a. General Declaration — 1 copy
b. Customs Clearance — 1 copy
c. Passenger Manifest — 1 copy
d.
Health Requirements
All aircraft must meet disinsection requirements, otherwise will need to be sprayed on arrival.
Normal Australian immigration procedures apply when entry is made from outside Australia. All
non-citizens must hold visas prior to arrival at Christmas Island when entering from outside Aus-
tralia.
AUSTRALIA
No passports or visas are required when arriving on Cocos Island from the Australian mainland or
Tasmania; however, some form of identification must be produced for clearance through Cus-
toms/Immigration in Perth (e.g., Medicare card) unless intending to depart Cocos for a foreign
country.
Customs Requirements
Inwards passengers must complete an Incoming Passenger Card for both Customs and Immigra-
tion purposes. The card includes a Customs declaration. Outward passengers must complete an
Outward Passenger Card for Immigration purposes.
TERRITORY OF NORFOLK I
All non-regular public transport aircraft must obtain prior approval from the Airport Manager, Nor-
folk I Airport, if they are programmed to stage through or remain at Norfolk I. To obtain such
approval, at least 24 hours advance notice must be given.
Customs, Health and Immigration facilities are available daily. Clearances outside the hours of
2115 to 0530 are subject to a clearance fee.
If fuel is required at Norfolk I, the estimated quantity must be advised in advance and a carnet
obtained from Mobil Oil, Melbourne (Pacific I Branch). Unless adequate credit has been estab-
lished, re-fueling charges must be settled in Australian currency prior to re-fueling of the aircraft.
All aircraft entering Australia from Norfolk I are required to land at a designated international air-
port to undergo Customs, Health and Immigration clearance formalities.
Summary of Documents to be Presented by Pilot-in-Command or Authorized Agent
On Arrival
a. General Declaration (showing Customs and Border Protection clearance stamp out of the
previous airport) — 1 original
On Departure
Health Requirements
All aircraft, on arrival, will be subject to spraying for the destruction of insects unless the aircraft
has been treated with an approved residual insecticide and a current Certificate of Treatment is
produced.
AUSTRALIA
Passports are normally required for entry to Norfolk I, and, in any event, all passengers require
passports for re-entry to Australia and New Zealand.
Each passenger must complete the personal details incorporated in the Customs Declaration,
copies of which are available on board the aircraft.
Departing passengers must complete an immigration Departure form.
Customs Requirements
Each passenger is required to complete a Customs Declaration which is collected in the passen-
ger processing area.
Departure Fee
Before departure of an aircraft from Norfolk I, the pilot-in-command is required to present to the
Departure Fee Collecting Authority at the Airport one copy of the outward passenger manifest.
Passengers must pay a Departure Fee of $25 pursuant to provisions of the Departure Fee Act
1980. This fee is payable at the Airport on departure.
Entry Requirements

Pacific
BRUNEI
PASSPORT AND VISA

Every person entering the state must be in possession of a valid passport or other travel docu-
ments endorsed for travel to Brunei Darussalam with assured re-entry facilities to country of origin
or domicile.
All applications for visa should be submitted through the Brunei Darussalam’s Foreign Mission or
Representatives of other governments who are performing consular functions on behalf of the
Government of Brunei Darussalam.
Visas are required by all aliens except:
a. Nationals of Malaysia and the Republic of Singapore entering Brunei Darussalam for social
visits or on business not exceeding 30 days.
b. Nationals of the Republic of Indonesia, Republic of the Philippines and the Kingdom of Thai-
land entering Brunei Darussalam for visits/on business not exceeding 14 days provided that
the person enters Brunei Darussalam by air and disembarks at the Brunei International Air-
port and is in possession of valid passport, confirmed onward or return tickets and ample
funds and entry facilities to his destination and assured return abilities to the country of origin
or continues his journey to a destination outside Brunei Darussalam within 14 days of arrival.
However, visa is still required for those who wish to stay/visit for a period exceeding 14 days
or as dependants. If their entries are for employment, their employers must arrange to obtain
approval for Employment Visas prior to their arrival in Brunei. Employment visas will be
issued at the Brunei Embassies in the respective country.
c. Citizens of Japan, France, Switzerland, Republic of Korea, Canada and Benelux countries,
i.e., Kingdom of Netherlands, the Grand-Duchy of Luxemburg, the Kingdom of Belgium, the
Principality of Liechtenstein, Germany, Sweden, Norway, the Republic of Maldives, Denmark
and New Zealand, entering Brunei Darussalam for visits/or business not exceeding 14 days
provided they are in possession of valid passports, confirmed onward/return tickets and
ample funds and entry facilities to their destination and assured return abilities to their coun-
tries of origin or continue their journeys to a destination outside Brunei Darussalam within 14
days of arrival. However, visa is still required for those who wish to stay/visit for a period
exceeding 14 days, for employment study or as dependants.
d. British Citizens, British Subject Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies having the right
of Abode in the United Kingdom and British Subject Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colo-
nies under the Provisions of the British Nationality Act, 1981, entering Brunei Darussalam for
visits/on business not exceeding 30 days provided they are in possession of valid passports,
confirmed onward/return tickets and ample funds and their entry facilities to their destinations
and assured return abilities to the country of origin or continue their journey to a destination
outside Brunei Darussalam within 30 days of arrival. However, a visa is still required for
those who wish to stay/visit for a period exceeding 30 days, for employment or as depend-
ants. British Citizen holding British Subject Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies sub-
ject to Immigration Control Act 1971, British Citizens holding British Dependant Territories
citizen passports and having the right of Abode in British Dependant Territories and British
Overseas Citizens still require visa to enter Brunei Darussalam.
BRUNEI
e. Citizens of the United States of America for visits or on business not exceeding 3 months
provided they are in possession of valid passports, confirmed arrival/return tickets and ample
funds and entry facilities to their destinations and assured return abilities to their countries of
origin or continue their journey to destinations outside Brunei Darussalam within 3 months.
Visa is still required for those who wish to stay/visit for a period exceeding 3 months, for
employment, study or as dependents.
Transit visas, within 72 hours, can be granted and will be issued upon arrival at the Brunei Inter-
national Airport.
With the exception of nationals of communist countries, nationals of Taiwan (Formosa) and state-
less persons, transit visas are not required by aliens in direct transit, provided that:
a. They hold onward bookings and do not leave the airport; and
b. They possess valid entry visas to countries of destination and transit visas as required by
countries enroute.
Embarkation/Disembarkation cards are required. The Embarkation/Disembarkation card differs
from the ICAO format.
A flight crew member traveling as a passenger by any means of transportation in order to join an
aircraft, requires Identity Documents (i.e. Passports and Visas), where required unless arriving by
air to join another aircraft and, without leaving the precincts of the airport.
HEALTH
Yellow fever, cholera and plague are subject to the following preventive measures:
a. A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required of travelers over one year of age coming
from infected areas or who have passed through partly or wholly endemic areas within the
preceding 6 days.
b. Passengers arriving by air from cholera or plague infected areas are subject to medical
inspection and/or surveillance.
PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES APPLIED TO AIRCRAFT

All aircraft arriving in Brunei Darussalam are required to be disinsected before landing by means
of single-use aerosol dispensers containing an active constituent of d-phenotrin in the proportion
of 20g/kg, sprayed upward into the air evenly throughout the cabin space commencing at the rear
of aircraft.

GENERAL
No civil aircraft may be used in Brunei Darussalam for hire or reward except under and in accord-
ance with a license, provisional license or permit. The Regulations concerned are contained in the
Brunei Air Transport and Commercial Flying (Licensing) Regulations, 1983.
BRUNEI
DESIGNATED AUTHORITIES
Department of Civil Aviation
Ministry of Communications
Address: Brunei International Airport, BB2513
Brunei Darussalam
Tel: 673-2-330483 / 330142 / 330143
Fax: 673-2-331706
AFS: WBSBYAYX
Controller of Customs and Excise
Ministry of Finance
Address: Royal Customs and Excise Department
Jalan Menteri Besar BSB BB3910
Tel: 673-2-382333
Fax: 673-2-382666
Controller of Immigration
Ministry of Home Affairs
Address: Immigration Department
Bandar Seri Begawan, BE3910
Tel: 673-2-383106
Fax: 673-2-381045
Telex: IMMIGRATION, BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Director of Medical and Health Services
Ministry of Health
Address: Department of Medical and Health Services
Bandar Seri Begawan, BB3510
Brunei Darussalam
Tel: 673-2-381640
Fax: 673-2-380687
Telex: DIRMED, BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
No license or permit is required for scheduled flights across Brunei Darussalam territory without
landing or for landings for non-traffic purposes by aircraft registered in countries which are signa-
tories of the Air Services Transit Agreement 1944 (The “Two Freedoms” Agreement).
BRUNEI
Licenses or permits for all scheduled international flights are issued by the Director of Civil Avia-
tion on behalf of the Brunei Government. The permit or license may be subject to such conditions
as the issuing authority considers necessary.
When the license or permit issued to an operator specifies a maximum number of scheduled serv-
ices which may be operated in a given period, an additional permit is required for any extra serv-
ice or services above the number so specified. When no such number is specified, the responsi-
bility for authorization of any extra services remains with the Director of Civil Aviation, but may in
certain circumstances be delegated to the national carrier, Royal Brunei Airlines.
Application for all licenses or permits should be addressed to the Director of Civil Aviation in the
address noted above. In cases where there is or might be a conflict of interest between the appli-
cant and the national carrier, a copy should also be addressed to:
The Commercial Manager
Address: Royal Brunei Airlines
P.O. Box 737
Bandar Seri Begawan, BS8671
Brunei Darussalam
Fax: 673-2-244737
Telex: RBA BU2737
Documentary Requirements for Clearance of Aircraft
The following aircraft documents must be submitted by aircraft operators on entry and departure
of their aircraft to and from Brunei. All documents must follow the ICAO standard format as set
forth in the relevant appendices to Annex 9, and are acceptable when furnished in English or
Romanised Malay.
Required by General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest

Customs 1 1 1
Health 1 1 —
NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
No prior permission is necessary for overflights or non-traffic landings in respect of non-scheduled
flights by aircraft registered in any ICAO contracting state, but adequate advance notification
should be given. Notification by Flight Plan addressed to the Brunei Aeronautical Information
Service (WBSBYOYX) if received at least two hours in advance of the aircraft’s departure will be
accepted as advance notification.
Permits are required for all revenue non-schedule flights including all charter flights whether for
passengers, cargo or mail and for revenue ferry flights.
BRUNEI
Only the aircraft operator may apply for permission to operate a non-scheduled flight. If a permit is
granted, it will be in the name of the aircraft operator. In each and every application the following
details must be provided in the order shown:
a. Name and address of operator;
b. Type of aircraft, registration marks and maximum seating capacity;
c. Date and time of arrival at, and departure from, Brunei Darussalam;
d. Details of route, points of landing and final destination;
e. Nature of flight including details of whether the flight is to carry passengers or cargo or both.
1. For passenger flights:
Point of origin and purpose of flight, the number of passengers and their nationalities;
2. For cargo flights:
The origin, destination, description and total weight of cargo with total number of pieces.
The application should specify individual pieces over 250 kgs and/or 72 cu/ft each, and
state whether inbound, outbound or transshipment as well as whether any item is per-
ishable or classified as dangerous, explosive or munitions of war;
f. Name, address and telephone number of operator’s local agents, if applicable;
g. Name and address of consignors and consignees, where applicable;
h. Where freight charter flights are concerned, confirmation will be required that ground han-
dling arrangements have been made with a handling agent acceptable to the Director of Avi-
ation. (This will normally be Royal Brunei Airlines.)
i. Any other information that may be relevant to the operation.
Application for approval of charter flights should arrive by letter or reply paid telegram at least two
full business days before the intended date of arrival in Brunei Darussalam.
NOTE: Business days and times are as follows: Monday to Thursday and Saturday, 0745 - 1215
and 1330 - 1630 LT. No business is conducted on Fridays, Sundays or Public Holidays.
Same requirements as for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS .
GENERAL AVIATION FLIGHTS

Aircraft belonging to a bona-fide flying club do not require permits to operate to Brunei Darussa-
lam provided either the captain of the aircraft is a club member or a club member is under instruc-
tion and the instructor is also a club member, notwithstanding that payment to the club is made for
the use of the aircraft or for the instruction.
Permits are, however, required for the use of club aircraft for charter flights.
BRUNEI
AERODROME / NAVIGATION CHARGES

The following types of fees and charges may be assessed:
a. Landing fees;
b. Parking fees. No charge shall be made for the first three hours of parking;
c. Passenger service charges;
d. Ground handling fees.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Brunei (Intl)
COOK ISLANDS
PASSPORT
Persons entering or leaving the Cook Islands must hold a passport valid on arrival for a period of
at least six months except:
a. aircraft crew members declared on the General Declaration form;
b. Cook Islanders holding an official certificate of identity (limited only to Cook Islanders travel-
ling between the Cook Islands and New Zealand).
VISA
Visas are required except for:
a. persons who intend to leave the Cook Islands within 30 days after arrival provided they hold
tickets with reserved seats and documents for onwards travel;
b. Cook Islanders;
c. permanent residents of the Cook Islands;
d. persons under 15 years, whose parents were either born in the Cook Islands or are perma-
nent residents of the Cook Islands;
e. persons who are descendents of indigenous Cook Islands Maori;
f. HM Services personnel;
g. persons accredited to the Cook Islands Government or to the Government of New Zealand
or under the authority of any other government;
h. diplomatic representatives, United Nations or South Pacific Commission representatives.
Visas may be issued by:
a. Principal Immigration Officer
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration
Address: PO Box 105
Rarotonga
Cook Islands
Tel: (682) 29 347
Fax: (682) 21 247
b. the Passport Officer in the Cook Islands;
c. the offices of the Cook Islands Consul in Auckland, New Zealand.
Applications for visas should be made in writing at least one month before departure and must
include proof of accommodation, maintenance in the Cook Islands, and return or onwards tickets.
COOK ISLANDS
HEALTH
Disembarking passengers are not required to present vaccination certificates except when
coming directly from an area infected with cholera, plague, typhoid or recurrent fever, and
includes the following countries:
a. Bangladesh
b. India
c. Myanmar (Burma)
d. Philippines
e. Thailand
f. Vietnam
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers after leaving or transiting infected
areas within the last 6 days.
All foreign aircraft are subject to health quarantine.
On departure, no health formalities are required.

GENERAL
International flights into, from or over Cook Islands territory shall be subject to the current Cook
Islands regulations relating to civil aviation.
Aircraft flying into or departing from Cook Islands territory shall make their first landing at, or final
departure from Rarotonga International Airport.
Persons entering or leaving the Cook Islands shall complete an arrival or departure card (one per
person) and must hold a valid passport.
Civil Aviation Authority
Civil Aviation — Regulatory and Operations
Address: Ministry of Transport
PO Box 61
Rarotonga
Cook Islands
Tel: (682) 28 810
Fax: (682) 28 816
AFTN: NCRGYAYX
COOK ISLANDS
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
It is necessary that the under mentioned aircraft documents be submitted by airline operators for
clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from the Cook Islands. All documents
listed below must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices to ICAO
Annex 9 and are acceptable when furnished in English in legible handwriting. No visas are
required in connection with such documents.
All documents are to be submitted to Customs as soon as practicable.
Aircraft Documents Required (Arrival/Departure)

Required By General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest
Customs 1 1* 1
Agriculture/ Quarantine 1 Nil Nil
Immigration Nil Nil Nil
* Arrivals only
One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying clearance.
If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no aircraft
documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the appropriate Cus-
toms authorities.
The pilot of an aircraft on an unscheduled flight who intends to overfly the Cook Islands or to use
a Cook Islands airport for landing shall request such permission from the Ministry of Transport at
least 14 full working days prior to departure and include the following information:
a. Name and address of the aircraft operator;
b. Type and registration marks of the aircraft;
c. Name, address and business of charterer;
d. Proposed date and place of origin of flight;
e. Routes including dates and times of arrival and departure;
f. Number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight;
g. Purpose of flight;
h. Aircraft take-off weight and tire pressure;
i. Refuelling details and time required;
j. Details of third party insurance cover for flights over or within the Cook Islands.
Fax copies of:
COOK ISLANDS
a. Certificate of airworthiness;
b. Pilot’s aviation licence and validating medical certificate.
A response should be expected between 1–7 days after the request has been received. For plan-
ning purposes, this can be expedited provided the urgency is indicated.
Any changes to the proposed itinerary must be notified.
For all aircraft in excess of 22,700kg, a local handling agent must be contracted to facilitate both
the arrival and departure. This requirement is in line with the Airport Authority’s policy on apron
management.
Contact for local agents are:
Air Rarotonga Ltd
Address: PO Box 79
Rarotonga
Cook Islands
Tel: (682) 20 845
Fax: (682) 23 288
E-Mail: checkin@airraro.co.ck
Air New Zealand Ltd
Address: PO Box 65
Rarotonga
Cook Islands
Tel: (682) 26 300
Fax: (682) 23 300
E-Mail: fanny.utanga@airnz.co.nz
Emergency flights are exempted from the 14-day requirement in seeking approval; however, this
does not preclude the aircraft operator from providing the necessary information to the above
authority at the earliest opportunity.
Prior approval for the flight must be obtained.
However, no such permission is required for flights that fall into the following category:
a. Overflights by civil aircraft that have the nationality of an ICAO Contracting State, provided
that the requirements of the ICAO Convention on International Civil Aviation are complied
with.
b. When Rarotonga International Airport is nominated in an IFR flight plan as the alternate aer-
odrome in accordance with CAR Part 91.405. (not published herein)
c. The Ministry of Transport and the applicable airport authority has been notified 10 days prior
to nomination of aerodrome as an alternate.
COOK ISLANDS
All flights by foreign state aircraft as defined by the Convention will require diplomatic clearance
from:
Principal Immigration Officer
Address: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration
PO Box 105
Rarotonga
Cook Islands
Tel: (682) 29 347
Fax: (682) 29 465
Requests for such clearance should be submitted through the normal diplomatic channels giving
a minimum of 7 full working days’ notice.
Same requirements as for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Rarotonga (Intl) — 0800–1600 Mon–Fri
FIJI ISLANDS
PASSPORT & VISA

Obligation of carriers and persons in charge of aircraft include ensuring that all persons on board
an aircraft arriving in Fiji have the correct documentation for immigration purposes.
No documents or visas are required of passengers arriving and departing on the same through
flight or transferring to another flight at the same airport.
A person entering Fiji for the purpose of immigration must hold a passport or an acceptable form
of travel document which must be valid for three (3) months beyond the intended period of stay in
the Fiji Islands and an immigration visa, the latter being issued at Fiji Embassies and Consulates
abroad.
Temporary visitors must be in possession of a valid passport, round-trip tickets or through tickets
to a country beyond Fiji and the documents required to enter that country. Sufficient funds for
maintenance while in Fiji are also required. A temporary visitors stay is limited to six (6) months.
Entrance visas are required from temporary visitors, with the exception of the nationals of exemp-
ted countries.
HEALTH
Before arrival into the Fiji Islands, the pilot-in-command of every aircraft is required to notify the
airline's agent in Fiji whether or not there is on board the aircraft, any condition that may lead to
the spread of disease, and in particular, whether any person who has become ill on board is suf-
fering from diarrhoea or vomiting, or has an abnormal temperature and a skin rash.
coming directly from an area infected with cholera, yellow fever or smallpox.

GENERAL
All flights entering or leaving Fiji must do so through Nadi or Nausori Airports, subject to the provi-
sions given below. Crew and passengers should not disembark until required health clearance
has been obtained.
All operators are reminded that Fiji quarantine legislation prohibits flights from malarial areas
using Nausori Airport as entry port into Fiji. All such flights must clear quarantine at Nadi Airport.
For the purpose of this legislation flights from following areas are affected: Australia (departure
ports north of and including Brisbane Airport), China, East Timor, Guam, Indonesia, Korea (Dem-
ocratic), Malaysia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Peoples Republic of Korea, Philippines,
Singapore, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu.
Prior Notification
The operators of all flights intended to land in Fiji are required to give the following prior notifica-
tion:
a. Non-scheduled non-commercial flights — at least 72 hours; or
b. Non-scheduled commercial flights — 14 days.
FIJI ISLANDS
Any amendments to crew/passengers lists or ETA/ETD should be conveyed to the approving

authority no later than 24 hours before the ATD from the last port of call before Fiji.
Operators of aircraft registered in States which are not parties to the Chicago Convention must
obtain permission to overfly Fiji at least three (3) working days beforehand from the Ministry of
Transport, Works and Energy.
Approving Authority
Application for approval should be addressed to:
The Permanent Secretary
Ministry of Transport, Works and Energy
Private Mail Bag
Suva
Fiji Islands
Tel: Tel (business) (679) 331 6876/331 6877
After Hours (679) 341 1396
Fax: (679) 331 5477
Requests for aircraft handling should be addressed to:
AIR TERMINAL SERVICES (FIJI) LTD
Nadi Airport
Tel: (679) 672-2777 (Traffic)
(679) 672-2599 (Cargo)
Fax: (679) 672-0481
E-Mail: ats@connect.com.fj
SITA: NANWKFJ
AFTN: NFFNXHAX
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across Fiji,
the following requirements must be met:
a. The State of the airline must be a party to the International Air Services Transit Agreement
and/or the International Air Transport Agreement and Fiji is a party to both agreements; and
b. The airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provision of a bilateral or multilateral
agreement to which the State of the airline and Fiji are contracting parties and must have
permit to operate into or transit across Fiji. Applications for such permits shall be submitted
to the Permanent Secretary, Ministry for Transport, Works and Energy, at least 60 days in
advance.
FIJI ISLANDS
If an operator intends to carry out a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s) in transit across, or making
non-traffic stops in the territory of Fiji, it is necessary for the operator to obtain prior permission.
If an operator intends to perform a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s) into Fiji for the purpose of
taking on or discharging passengers, cargo, or mail, it is necessary for the operator to apply to the
Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Transport, Works and Energy, for permission to carry out such
operations, giving the necessary prior notification requirement previously stated. The application
must include the following information in the order shown hereunder:
Non-Scheduled Commercial Flight Non-Scheduled Non-Commercial Flight

a) Aircraft type and registration Aircraft type and registration
b) Operator's Name and Address Operator's Name and Address
c) Charterer's Name and Address Pilot's Name
d) Name of Agent in Fiji Name of Agent in Fiji
e) Purpose of Flight(s) Purpose of Flight(s)
f) Details of traffic to be set down and to be Origin, Destination and Stops in Fiji
picked up in Fiji
g) Proposed fares for passengers originating Time and date of arrival and departure
in Fiji
h) Time(s) and date(s) of proposed flight(s) Number of passengers on board
i) Aircraft take-off weight and tire pressure Survival equipment carried
j) Details of third party insurance cover for Aircraft take-off weight and tire pressure
flight over or within Fiji
k) Number of passengers on board
FEES
Information on charges should be sought from, and questions addressed to:
The Airport Manager
Airports Fiji Unlimited
Private Mail Bag
Nadi International Airport
Fiji Islands.
Tel: (679) 672 5777
Fax: (679) 672 5161
FIJI ISLANDS
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Nadi (Intl)
Nausori (Intl)
PASSPORT AND VISA

A valid passport, or equivalent document, with an entry visa is required for entry with the following
exceptions:
a. French nationals may present their national identity card in lieu of a passport;
b. An entry visa may not be necessary depending upon the traveler’s nationality, and length
and purpose of visit. Information regarding visa requirements should be obtained from
French consular authorities abroad;
c. Holders of military passports or orders and holders of diplomatic passports are not required
to possess visas; and
d. For any crew member engaged in scheduled flights, who has in their possession an aircrew
licence (or certificate), who remains at the airport where their aircraft is parked or within the
confines of the neighboring towns and who leaves on the same aircraft or by the next sched-
uled flight, the licence or certificate of that crew member shall serve in place of passport or
visa for temporary admission.
This provision is also applicable to a crew member who enters by another means of trans-
port, for the purpose of joining an aircraft there.
All persons disembarking in French Territories must hold either a return trip deposit, a return or
on-going ticket, or an administrative exemption.
HEALTH
Yellow fever vaccination certificates are required of all travelers more than one year of age arriv-
ing within six days from infected areas.

All aircraft arriving from abroad will be subjected to disinsecting, carried out on its arrival in the
territory, except when disinsecting was carried out prior to landing. In this case, empty packages
of insecticide sprays used will be required as a proof of disinsecting.
In French Polynesia, blocks-away disinsecting is acceptable if it is carried out effectively and
under the responsibility of the aircraft captain unless the aircraft is arriving from a country with
quarantinable diseases.
FEES
Fees are assessed for the use and services of aerodromes, and are payable on demand. Pay-
ment of charges is to be made in French Francs or in Pacific Francs. Passengers are assessed
an Airport Tax on departure.

GENERAL
All flights to, from or overflying French Territories in the Pacific must be conducted in accordance
with the valid civil aviation regulations applicable within these territories.
All aircraft conducting international operations must first land at and finally depart from an
approved international airport of entry.
Civil Aviation Authority (France):
Direction Générale de l’Aviation Civile
Address: 50, rue Henry Farman
Paris Cedex 15
75720
Tel: (33) 01 58 09 43 21
Fax: (33) 01 58 09 38 64
Telex: AVIACIVIL PARIS
AFS: LFPSYAYD
New Caledonia and Dependencies, Wallis and Futuna Islands:
Direction du Service d’Etat de l’Aviation Civile en Nouvelle Calédonie
Address: B.P. H1
Nouméa Cedex
Nouvelle Calédonie
98849
Tel: (687) 26 52 00
Fax: (687) 26 52 02
Telex: AVIACIV 3159 NM
AFS: NWWNYDYX
French Polynesia:
Direction du Service d‘Etat de l’Aviation Civile
Address: B.P. 6404, 98702 FAA’A
Polynesie
Francaise
Tel: (689) 86 10 10
Fax: (689) 86 10 09
Telex: AVIACIVIL PAPEETE
AFS: NTAA YAYX
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Overflights and non-traffic landings by companies operating under the provisions of a transit
agreement, or having the benefit of equivalent rights pursuant to a bilateral agreement with
France, may be conducted under the conditions set forth in such agreements. In all other cases,
an authorization request must be submitted to the following authority(ies) concerned with the pro-
posed operation:
Wallis and Futuna Islands:
Monsieur le Préfet Chef du Territoire des lles Wallis et Futuna BP 16 UVEA 98 600 lle de
WALLIS.
New Caledonia and Dependencies:
Monsieur le Haut Commissaire de la République in New-Caledonia BP C 05 98 844 NOUMEA
CEDEX.
French Polynesia:
Monsieur le Haut Commissaire de la République en Polynésie Francaise, Direction du Service
d’Etat de l’Aviation Civile.
Operations of scheduled international flights for commercial purposes must be made in compli-
ance with the stipulations contained in aeronautical agreements between France and the country
where the commercial operator is based.
The following documents are required for clearance of aircraft on entry and departure.
a. Cargo Manifest — 2 copies
Not required if no articles are laden or unladen.
b. General Declaration — only required in particular cases.
Overflights and non-traffic landings by companies operating under the provisions of a transit
agreement, or having the benefit of equivalent rights pursuant to a bilateral agreement with
France, may be conducted under the conditions set forth in such agreements.
In Wallis and Futuna Islands:
A clearance must be requested not less than 48 hours in advance from the Civil Aviation Author-
ity.
In New Caledonia:
A clearance must be requested from the Civil Aviation Authority.
In French Polynesia:
No prior clearance required for a non-traffic stop.
However, aircraft whose mass weight is equal to or greater than 20 tons making a technical stop-
over at Tahiti Faa’a aerodrome must give prior notice. This must be addressed to the aerodrome
manager at least 72 hours before the estimated time of arrival and stipulate the operator’s
address, the type and registration number of the ACFT, the dates and times of arrival and depar-
ture.
Traffic stops between a foreign country and the French Pacific overseas territories must be cov-
ered by a prior clearance.
In Wallis and Futuna Islands:
The clearance must be not less than 48 hours in advance to the Civil Aviation Authority.
In New Caledonia and French Polynesia:
The clearance must be received at least 1 month before the intended date of flight to the Civil Avi-
ation Authority.
Same requirements as for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS. However, in French Polynesia aircraft
remaining in the territory for more than 7 days must be covered by a temporary import licence. In
New Caledonia, a general declaration signed by the aircraft captain will be required for each non-
scheduled flight.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
Arrival preliminary notice for Wallis and Futuna Islands and New Caledonia:
The information contained in the flight plan is sufficient preliminary notice for the arrival of an air-
craft from abroad, subject to the following conditions: this information must be transmitted in order
to be received by the competent authorities not less than:
– two hours before the arrival of the aircraft (Wallis and Futuna Islands).
– 24 business hours before the arrival of the aircraft (New Caledonia).
Arrival preliminary notice for French Polynesia:
The information contained in the flight plan is sufficient preliminary notice for the arrival of an air-
craft from abroad, subject to the following condition: this information must be transmitted in order
to be received by the competent authorities.
Private aircraft remaining within the French Territories for more than seven (7) days must receive
a separate authorization from the applicable authority(ies).
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
FRENCH POLYNESIA
Tahiti I, Society Is (Faa’a)
NEW CALEDONIA AND DEPENDENCIES
Noumea, New Caledonia (La Tontouta)

WALLIS AND FUTUNA ISLANDS
Wallis – Hihifo
INDONESIA
PASSPORT AND VISA

Temporary visitors arriving in Indonesia are required to have a valid passport and visa. Visas will
be issued at the Indonesian Embassies / Consulates abroad.
No documents or visas are required from passengers arriving and departing on the same through
flight, or transferring to another flight at the same airport.
Embarking or disembarking crew members who remain at the airport where the aircraft has stop-
ped or within the confines of the cities adjacent there to, and depart on the same aircraft or on his
next regularly scheduled flight out of Indonesia may retain his crew members license or certificate
in his possession in lieu of passport and visa.
CUSTOMS REQUIREMENTS
A written declaration of passenger and crew baggage is required on arrival only. Airlines are per-
mitted to provide the Customs Declaration form to passengers.
HEALTH
ARRIVAL
In general, international certificates of vaccination are not required, except for those passengers
coming from yellow fever endemic zones in Africa and South America.
Crew and passenger are subject to preliminary medical examination if required. Any indication of
sudden illness on board shall be reported as soon as possible by officer in command to Port
Health Authority.
A high standard of hygiene and sanitation should be maintained on the aircraft while in port. Port
Health Authority officers will inspect aircraft on a selective basis.
DEPARTURE
In special circumstances, Port Health Authority Officers reserve the right to examine medically all
crew and passengers and inspect aircraft for hygiene-sanitation measures.
Civil Aviation
Directorate General of Civil Aviation
Address: Karsa Building 5th floor
Jalan Medan Merdeka Barat 8
Ministry of Transportation
Jakarta 10110
Tel: 62-21-3505133 / 37
Fax: 62-21-3505139
Telex: 49482 CIVIAIR IA
CIVILAIR JAKARTA
INDONESIA
AFTN: WRRRYAYD
Department of Security and Defense
Department of Security and Defense
Address: Markas Besar ABRI
Cilangkap
Jakarta
13870
Tel: 62-21-84591240 (Hunting),
7893208
Telex: 48162 MABRIC (Commercial)
ASOP HANKAM

GENERAL
All flights into, from or over the Republic of Indonesia shall be carried out under the conditions
contained herein.
Aircraft landing in or departing from the territory of Indonesia must first land at and finally depart
from an international airport.
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
For regular international flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across Indonesia, the
following requirements should be met:
a. The airline should have been designated pursuant to a bilateral air transport agreement
signed by Indonesia and the State in which the aircraft / airline is registered.
b. The airline through their representatives, shall notify the Civil Aviation Authority, the Director
General of Civil Aviation, of their intended scheduled flights or alteration there from.
For scheduled transit or non-traffic flights agreed upon in the bilateral air transport agreement,
copies (5) of General Declaration shall be submitted to the designated authorities.
The undermentioned aircraft documents shall be submitted by airline operators for clearance on
entry and departure of their aircraft to and from Indonesia. All documents must follow the ICAO
standard format as set forth in the relevant Appendices to Annex 9 (not published herein) and are
acceptable when furnished in English and completed in legible handwriting.
INDONESIA
General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest List of Stores

Required on Arrival
2 5 5 2
Required on Departure
5 6 11 —
Public Health Measures Applied to Aircraft

Upon arrival, aircraft will be required to undergo:
a. spraying, or other remedial measures for animal, fish and plant quarantine purposes. The
spraying will be applied to the aircraft cabin and the flight deck.
b. disinfection of the aircraft carrying animals, fish, and plants or their products if there is strong
indication that they are infected or contaminated with certain quarantine pests or diseases.
The disinfections will be applied on the ground:
1. solely to the container when they are carried in approved container, or
2. to the compartment of the aircraft in which they are carried.
c. inspection for fruit, flower, and other agricultural products or foodstuff left by the passengers
or crew. The inspection will be carried out after all passengers have disembarked. No gar-
bage is to be removed from the aircraft without permission from the quarantine officer. No
plant, animal or fish are to be disembarked from the aircraft without permission from the
quarantine officer.
General
If an operator intends to perform a (series of) nonscheduled flight(s) into Indonesia for the pur-
pose of taking on or disembarking passengers, cargo or mail, application shall be made to the
Directorate General of Civil Aviation and the Department of Defense and Security at least 14
(fourteen) working days in advance containing information on the following items;
a. Name, address and nationality of the operator;
b. Type and registration of the aircraft;
c. Date, time of arrival at and departure from the airport(s) in Indonesia;
d. Place(s) of embarkation and disembarkation abroad, as the case may be, of passengers
and/or freight;
e. Purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight;
f. Information on charter price, name, address and business of charter, if any.
INDONESIA
If an operator intends to make flights across or in-transit for non-traffic purposes, notification shall
be made at least 14 (fourteen) working days in advance to the Directorate General of Civil Avia-
tion and the Department of Defense and Security to obtain security clearance.
Applications for a series of non-scheduled flights shall be submitted provided that alterations, if
any, shall be notified well in advance.
For flights by civil aircraft registered in States that are not parties to the Convention on Interna-
tional Civil Aviation (Chicago convention), clearance, approval or permission to fly across or in
transit for nontraffic purposes shall be obtained through diplomatic channels.
PRIVATE, DELIVERY, FERRY AND SIMILAR FLIGHTS

Advance Notification of Arrival
Application for permission must be submitted to the Directorate General of Civil Aviation and
Department of Defense and Security at least 14 (fourteen) working days in advance of entry into
Indonesia.
Information contained in the flight plan shall be transmitted 24 hours in advance from the arriving
aircraft to the previously designated / intended airport.
FEES
The following types of fees and charges may be expected:
a. Landing Charges
b. Hangar Charges
c. Parking Charges
d. Parking Surcharge
e. Avio Bridge
f. Counter, Scale and Conveyor
g. Passenger Service Charges
h. Air Navigation Facility Charges
INDONESIA
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
NOTE: See Indonesia Airport Directory for Customs operational hours.
Ambon (Pattimura)
Bali (Ngurah Ray)
Balikpapan (Sepinggan)
Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda)
Bandung (Husein Sastranegara)
Batam (Hang Nadim)
Biak (Frans Kaisiepo)
Jakarta (Halim Perdanakusuma)
Jakarta Intl (Soekarno-Hatta)
Jayapura (Sentani)
Kupang (El Tari)
Manado (Ratulangi)
Medan (Polonia)
Padang (Tabing)
Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau)
Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II)
Pontianak (Supadio)
Solo (Adi Sumarmo)
Surabaya (Juanda)
Tanjung Pinang (Kijang)
Ujung Pandang (Hasanuddin)
KIRIBATI
PASSPORT
Passports are required by all persons entering Kiribati, except those in possession of CERTIFI-
CATES OF IDENTITY issued by the appropriate authorities in:
British Solomon Islands

Fiji
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
These certificates of identity are accepted in lieu of passports for travel to and from the territories
listed above.
VISA
Visas are required by all aliens, except nationals of the countries with which a visa abolition
agreement has been extended to Kiribati.
HEALTH
Persons entering Kiribati are required to show proof of vaccination against smallpox, with the
exception of persons arriving directly from the countries listed below, and providing they have
been resident in those countries for a continuous period of 14 days, immediately prior to embarka-
tion for Kiribati.
American Samoa Nauru

Australia New Caledonia
British Solomon Islands New Zealand
Cook Islands Niue Island
Fiji Tuvalu
French Polynesia Vanuatu
Lord Howe Island
EMBASSY INFORMATION
KIRIBATI’S EMBASSY IN THE UNITED STATES
There is no Kiribati Embassy in the United States. It is possible to obtain assistance from the:
Consulate of the Republic of Kiribati
Address: 95 Nakola Place
KIRIBATI
Rm 265
Honolulu
HI
96819
Tel: (808) 834-6775
Fax: (808) 834-7604
E-Mail: kiribaticonsul@aol.com
UNITED STATES’ EMBASSY IN KIRIBATI

There is no American diplomatic post in Kiribati. Inquiries should be made to the:
American Embassy at Suva, Fiji
Address: 31 Loftus St.
Suva
Fiji
Tel: (679) 331-4466
Fax: (679) 330-2267
Internet: http://www.amembassy-fiji.gov

GENERAL
a. All flights into, from, or over Kiribati and landings in such territory shall be carried out in
accordance with the valid regulations of Kiribati regarding civil aviation.
b. Aircraft landing or departing from the territory of Kiribati must first land at, or depart from, an
international airport.
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
a. For regular scheduled international flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across
Kiribati, the following requirement must be met.
1. The State of the airline must be a party to the International Air Transport Agreement.
2. The airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provisions of a bilateral or mul-
tilateral agreement to which the State of the airline and the Kiribati Government are con-
tracting parties, and must have a permit to operate into or in transit across Kiribati.
b. Applications for such permits should be submitted to:
Director of Civil Aviation
Betio
Tarawa
KIRIBATI
Kiribati
Tel: 26469/26004
Fax: 26193
Telex: AVIATION, BETIO, TARAWA
AFTN: NGTAYX
Procedures
If an operator intends to carry out a non-scheduled flight in transit across, or make non-traffic
stops in the territory of Kiribati, he may do so without the necessity of obtaining prior permission.
However, the attention of operators is drawn to the need for prior notification in respect of radio
navigation aids.
If an operator intends to perform a non-scheduled flight into Kiribati for the purpose of taking on or
discharging passengers, cargo, or mail he shall apply to:
Betio
Tarawa
Kiribati
Telex: AVIATION, BETIO, TARAWA
AFTN: NGTAYAYX
The application for permission to carry out such operations must include the following information
in the order shown hereunder:
a. name and address of applicant;
b. type of aircraft and registration marks;
c. date and times of arrival at and departure from aerodromes in Kiribati;
d. place or places of embarkation or disembarkation, as the case may be, of passengers and/or
freight;
e. purpose of the flight and number of passengers, and/or nature and amount of freight; and
f. name, address and business of charterer, if any.
Normally, the time required for consideration of such applications is brief, but applicants should
make allowances for communications delays.
KIRIBATI
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
Commanders of aircraft intending to make a flight in the private category, whether into or out of
Kiribati, are advised to give 48 hours advance notification to the Director of Civil Aviation, Tarawa
for issue of a Clearance Permit and to ensure radio navigational aids are operating for the pro-
posed flight. For flights into or out of Kiribati, arrivals and departures must be made at an interna-
tional airport.
TECHNICAL STOPS
Civil aircraft on the registers of ICAO member states, engaged on private flights, or on public
transport or aerial work flights do not require permission to make a technical stop in Kiribati. 48
hours advanced notification of arrival to the Director of Civil Aviation, Tarawa is required to ensure
radio navigational aids are operational prior to arrival.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Christmas I (Cassidy Intl)
Hours: sunrise to sunset; 72 hours prior notice required for non-scheduled
flights.
Tarawa (Bonriki Intl)
Hours: 2000 – 0430 UTC M-F 2000 – 0015 UTC Sat Other times 24 hours
prior notice.
MALAYSIA
PASSPORT AND VISA

All passengers require passports or other internationally recognized travel documents except:
a. Members of any visiting military force in accordance with the current regulations in force
during the time of the visit.
b. Bona fide Muslim pilgrims permanently resident in Malaysia, Singapore or Brunei returning
from Saudi Arabia.
All passengers, other than direct transit passengers, require visas except the following:
a. Citizens from Commonwealth countries or British protectorate or citizens of the Republic of
Ireland; (except Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka).
b. Those persons exempted from the passport requirement noted above.
c. Nationals of Liechtenstein, Netherlands, San Marino and Switzerland;
d. Nationals of Albania, Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Czech and Slovak,
Denmark, France, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kyrgyz, Luxembourg,
Norway, Peru, South Korea, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, and Spain entering in transit
or for a temporary stay not exceeding three months other than for employment;
e. Citizens of the United States of America arriving for a temporary stay or for any purpose
other than employment;
f. Citizens of Asian countries from Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand (except Singapore and
Brunei) for stay not exceeding one (1) month for social and business purpose;
g. Citizens of West Asia countries from Algeria, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Jordan,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Yemen entering
in transit, visiting not exceeding three (3) months while citizen from Afghanistan, Iran, Libya
and Syria for a period not exceeding fourteen (14) days;
h. Citizens from Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Georgia, Russia, Byelorussia,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kirghizstan, Tadjikistan, Azerbaijan and Moldovia enter-
ing for short visit not exceeding seven (7) days;
i. Citizens not classified in the countries stated above (except Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cuba,
India, North Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Peoples Republic of China, Sri Lanka,
Taiwan and Vietnam) entering in transit, social visit for a stay not exceeding one (1) month;
j. Passengers in transit to the third country entering Malaysia for duration of not more than 72
hours entering and leaving through same Airport (point of entry);
Flight crew members will be accorded temporary admission during the aircraft’s stay at the airport
on production of either licenses or valid crew member certificates issued by the State of Registry
of the aircraft.
HEALTH
Any person coming from a Yellow Fever epidemic area, or infected local area, must be in posses-
sion of a valid certificate of vaccination against Yellow Fever. The validity period of the interna-
MALAYSIA
tional vaccination certificate is ten (10) years, beginning ten (10) days after the date of initial vac-
cination, or on the date of revaccination.
PLANT AND ANIMAL QUARANTINE REQUIREMENTS

Passengers are to declare to the Plant Quarantine officers or to the Custom Officers, any plant or
parts of a plant (dead or alive) such as seeds, flowers, stems, roots and fruits, soil samples root-
ing/growing media compost, organic fertilizers, cultures of fungi, bacteria and viruses, insects or
any other vertebrate animals in their possession, upon arrival. An import permit is required for
most of these items.

Peninsular Malaysia
Civil Aviation — Air Transport Division
Address: Level 1-4, Podium Block
Lot 4G4, Precinct 4
Federal Government Administrative Centre
Putrajaya
Malaysia
62570
Tel: 6-03-88714000
Fax: 6-03-88892642
Telex: PENAWA MA 30128
AFS: WMKKYAYT
Sabah (East Malaysia)
Civil Aviation Regional Director II
Kota Kinabalu International Airport
Address: Jalan Kepayan
Kota Kinabalu
Sabah, East Malaysia
88618
Fax: 6-088-219198
Telex: PENAWA MA 80062
AFS: WBKKYAYS
MALAYSIA
Sarawak
Civil Aviation Director III
Kuching International Airport
Address: Kuching
Sarawak
93728
Tel: 6-082-455572/616532
Fax: 6-082-453199/571524/454523
AFS: WBGGYAYS
Aeronautical Information Services
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport
Address: Block A, Air Traffic Control Centre Complex
Subang
Selangor Darul Ehsan
Malaysia
47200
Customs Authorities
Peninsular Malaysia
Director General of Customs
Address: Royal Customs and Excise Headquarters
Block 11, Ground - 7th floor Government Offices Complex
Jalan Duta
Kuala Lumpur
50596
Tel: 6-03-6516088
Fax: 6-03-6512709 / 6514927 / 6514934 / 6515484
Telex: KASTAM MA 30928
Sabah (East Malaysia)
Sabah State Customs Director
Address: Royal Customs and Excise
Customs Building
Kota Kinabalu
Sabah
88569
MALAYSIA
Tel: 6-088-233723 / 231411

Fax: 6-088-242160
Telex: EXCISE MA 80289
Sarawak
Sarawak State Customs Director
Address: Royal Customs and Excise Department
Jalan Gedong, Bintawa Peti
Surat, 1385
Kuching
Sarawak
88596
Tel: 6-082-333133
Fax: 6-082-332204 / 330152
Telex: KASTAM MA 70480
DOCUMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR CLEARANCE OF AIRCRAFT

The pilot-in-command of an aircraft landing at a Peninsular Malaysia Airport shall furnish the Air-
port Health Officer with one copy of the General Declaration Form, and if passengers are mani-
fested separately, one copy of the Passenger Manifest signed by the pilot-in-command.

The pilot-in-command must ensure that all aircraft on international flights from yellow fever epi-
demic countries are adequately disinfected prior to arrival at Malaysian Airports using either the
‘blocks away’ method or the Dichlorvous Vapour System for the Disinfecting of Aircraft, and must
furnish evidence that this has been done. The Health Authority may disinfect aircraft on landing
before passengers are allowed to disembark, if disinfection has not been done to the satisfaction
of the Airport Health Officer.
PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Before a scheduled service is permitted to operate into Malaysia, it must be appropriately covered
by either an Air Services Agreement, a license issued in accordance with the Civil Aviation Regu-
lations 1996, or other aeronautical arrangement.
Overflights and Non-traffic or Technical Landings
In respect of civil aircraft registered in any ICAO Contracting State and with which Malaysia has
diplomatic relations, adequate advance notification should be given. Notification by Flight Plan
addressed to the Kuala Lumpur Air Traffic Control Center (WMFCZQZX) for flights within the
MALAYSIA
Kuala Lumpur FIR, if received at least 12 hours in advance of the aircraft’s departure, will be
accepted as advance notification. The name and complete mailing address of the operator should
be included in the flight plan under item 18 (other information). In all other cases, prior permission
must be sought and obtained through diplomatic channels from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs:
The Secretary — General
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Address: Wisma Putra
No. 1, Jalan Wisma Putra
Presint 2
Putrajaya
Malaysia
62602
Tel: 60-3-88874000
Fax: 60-3-88891717
Telex: Wisma Putra Kuala Lumpur
Wisma Putra MA 30382 and MA 30310
Traffic Landings
Prior permission must be sought and obtained either by letter or reply-paid telegram or commer-
cial telex from:
Director General Civil Aviation
Lot 4G4, Precinct 4
Putrajaya
Malaysia
62570
Telex: AIRCIVIL Kuala Lumpur
PENAWA MA 30128
Reply-paid telegrams must be of sufficient value to defray the cost of the reply. Written application
should reach the Director General of Civil Aviation at least two weeks and if by reply-paid tele-
gram at least one week prior to the aircraft’s departure. If insufficient notice/information is given,
the application may not be considered. All applications should contain the following information:
a. Type and capacity of aircraft (passenger/cargo whichever is applicable).
b. Nationality and registration marks of the aircraft.
c. Aircraft maximum take-off weight.
MALAYSIA
d. Name of person-in-command and number of crew.

e. Name, nationality and address of registered owner of aircraft.
f. Name, nationality and address of aircraft operator.
g. Purpose of flight.
– For passenger flights — give names, nationality and number of passengers on board, and
nature of flights, e.g., special event charter, casual tour etc.
– For cargo flights give nature of cargo, weight and dimensions (inbound/outbound or
transit).
h. Details of route, point of departure, point of landing in Malaysia and final destination.
i. Proposed time-table. (ETA at point in Malaysia and ETD at point in Malaysia).
j. Name and address of consignor and consignee if applicable.
k. Name and address of tour organizers/charterer, if applicable.
l. Name, address and telephone number of operator’s local agents, if applicable.
m. In case of passenger/cargo charter flights give fares/rate charged for the flight.
n. Name and address of ground handling agent at point of landing in Malaysia.
o. Any other information that may be relevant to the proposed operation.
The Director General of Civil Aviation may attach such conditions to a permit as he considers nec-
essary.
SABAH AND SARAWAK (EAST MALAYSIA)

SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
No foreign airlines shall operate international scheduled services into or in transit across the Terri-
tory of Sabah / Sarawak without prior permission from the Director of Civil Aviation, Malaysia.
Overflights and Non-traffic or Technical Landings
Civil Aircraft registered in any ICAO contracting State and with which Malaysia has diplomatic
relations, do not require prior permission for overflights within the Territory of Sabah/Sarawak but
advance notification is required. For overflights, notification by means of a Flight Plan addressed
to the Kinabalu Air Traffic Control Centre (WBFCZQZX) will be accepted as advance notification if
received at least 24 hours in advance of the aircraft’s departure. Approval request of non-traffic or
technical landings are to be forwarded to the Regional Director of Civil Aviation, Kota Kinabalu
(WBKKYAYX) to reach him at least 10 days before the intended departure for Sabah/Sarawak.
The notification of flight should include the details specified in Traffic Landings. In other cases
prior permission must be sought and obtained through diplomatic means from the Ministry of For-
eign Affairs, Wisma Putra, Kuala Lumpur.
MALAYSIA
Traffic Landings
Prior permission must be sought and obtained either by letter or reply-paid telegram from:
Director General, Department of Civil Aviation
Lot 4G4, Precinct 4
Putrajaya
Malaysia
62570
Telex: AIRCIVIL Kuala Lumpur
PENAWA MA 30128
A copy of such request should also be extended to:
Regional Director of Civil Aviation
Address: Kota Kinabalu
Sabah
80062
Telex: AIRCIVIL PENAWA MA 80062
Regional Director of Civil Aviation
Address: Kuching
Sarawak
Telex: AIRCIVIL PENAWA MA 72087
Reply-paid telegrams must be of sufficient value to defray the cost of the reply. Written application
should reach the Director General of Civil Aviation at least two weeks and if by reply-paid tele-
gram at least one week prior to the aircraft’s departure. If insufficient notice/information is given,
the application may not be considered. All applications should contain the following information:
a. Type of aircraft.
b. Nationality and registration marks of the aircraft.
c. Aircraft maximum take-off weight.
d. Name of person-in-command and number of crew.
e. Name and address of registered owner of aircraft.
f. Name and address of operator.
g. Purpose of the journey.
h. Details of route, point of landing in Malaysia and final destination.
i. Proposed time-table.
MALAYSIA
j. For passenger flights — give names, nationality and number of passengers on board and
nature of flight, special event charter, casual tours etc.
k. For cargo flights give nature of cargo, weight and dimensions.
l. Name and address of consignor and consignee if applicable.
m. Name and address of tour organizers / charterer, if applicable.
n. Name, address and telephone number of operator’s local agents, if applicable.
o. In case of passenger / cargo charter flights give rate charged for the flight.
p. Any other information that may be relevant to the proposed operation.
The Director General of Civil Aviation may attach such conditions to a permit as he considers nec-
essary.
MILITARY AND STATE AIRCRAFT

All foreign military and state aircraft intending to land at Malaysian airports or overflying Malaysian
airspace are to obtain clearance through diplomatic channels from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
Wisma Putra, Kuala Lumpur giving full details as listed in NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHTS, Traffic
Landings, above.
FEES
Fees and charges may be expected when conducting operations over and within the Territory of
Malaysia.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
– Johor Bahru / Sultan Ismail
– Sepang / Kuala Lumpur Intl.
– Subang / Sultan Abdul Aziz Shal
– Palau Langkawi
– Penang
Aerodrome designated as entry and exit point for non-scheduled flights in Sabah:
– Kota Kinabalu Intl.
Aerodrome designated as entry and exit point for non-scheduled flights in Sarawak:
– Kuching Intl.
MINISTRY OF DEFENSE AERODROMES

Malaysian registered aircraft must obtain permission (48 HRS PPR) from Base Operations Room
of the respective bases for operation during opening hours. Approval for Flight Operation outside
hours must be obtained (48 HRS PN) from:
Pusat Operasi Tentera Udara
MALAYSIA
Address: Airforce Headquarters

Ministry of Defense
Jalan Padang Tembak
Kuala Lumpur
50634
Directorate of Operation
Address: Department of Navy
Ministry of Defense
Jalan Padang Tembak
Kuala Lumpur
50634
Tel: 03-2921333 Ext. 3378 (Working hours only) for landing at Lumut Heliport.
All foreign civil and military flight must obtain permission through normal diplomatic channel.
Such flights, when authorized will be accepted as a VFR flight and RMAF operated Radar facili-
ties will not normally be available. Crash/fire/rescue service will be available in accordance with
current ICAO regulations.
Appropriate landing charges, where applicable will be levied.
Kluang OPS requirement 48 hours prior notice.
NAURU I
PASSPORT
Required by any passenger, except:
a. by those who can prove they are a national of Nauru; or
b. by holders of a seaman book (travelling on duty), issued by any country.
VISA
Required, except for:
a. nationals of Nauru; TWOV (transit without visa); or
b. those continuing their journey to a third country by same or first connecting aircraft, provided
they hold tickets with reserved seats and other documents for onward travel.
ISSUE
a. by the Principal Immigration Officer at Nauru;
b. by a consulate of Nauru in Australia (Melbourne), the USA (Guam, Honolulu, San Fran-
cisco), the Nauru Government Office in the United Kingdom (London), New Zealand (Auck-
land), or Republic of Fiji (Suva); or
c. In special circumstances only; on arrival in Nauru upon production of a cable or letter from
the Principal Immigration Officer Nauru, giving approval for entry.
The postal and telex addresses of the designated authorities concerned with the entry, transit and
departure of international air navigation, and for the collection of fees therefrom, are as follows:

Address: Government Building
REPUBLIC OF NAURU
Tel: 674-444 3113 or 674-444 3192
Fax: 674-444 3117
Telex: 3081 GOVNAURU
AFTN: ANAUYAYX
Immigration & Customs

Principal Immigration Officer
Address: Police Department
REPUBLIC OF NAURU
HEALTH
Vaccinations are required against:
NAURU I
a. Cholera, if arriving within five days after leaving an infected area.

Exempt are -
1. Children under one year of age,
2. Travellers who do not leave the airport in an infected area during transit.
b. Disinfecting of Aircraft - all compartments of an arriving aircraft shall be sprayed for destruc-
tion of insects as soon as it lands at Nauru.
Director of Health
Address: Nauru General Hospital
REPUBLIC OF NAURU

Prior permission required in all cases.
Non-scheduled flights intending to operate into Nauru must give at least 24 hours prior notice and
supply the following information with application:
a. reason for visit;
b. type of aircraft and registration;
c. name and address of operator;
d. POB and name of pilot-in-command;
e. details of fuel and accommodation if required.
SPECIAL NOTICES
Airport operating limitations. Prior permission from the Director of Civil Aviation is required in all
cases.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Nauru Intl
NEW ZEALAND
PASSPORT
All passengers entering New Zealand are required to present an acceptable passport or certifi-
cate of identity, and complete a New Zealand Passenger Arrival Card.
VISA
Required except for:
a. crew members of any commercial aircraft provided they will depart within 7 days of the date
of arrival.
b. visits up to three months by citizens of countries listed on the New Zealand Immigration
Service website.
EMBASSY INFORMATION
NEW ZEALAND’S EMBASSY IN THE UNITED STATES
Embassy of New Zealand
Address: 37 Observatory Circle, N.W.
Washington, D.C.
20008
Tel: (202) 328-4800
Fax: (202) 667-5227
UNITED STATES’ EMBASSY IN NEW ZEALAND

United States Embassy
Wellington
New Zealand
Tel: 64 4 462-6000
Fax: 64 4 499-0490
HEALTH
The New Zealand Biosecurity Act 1993 requires the pilot-in-command of an aircraft entering New
Zealand or, if the pilot-in-command is not the operator of the aircraft, the operator of the aircraft,
to make arrangements for the treatment of the aircraft in a manner approved by the Director of
Quarantine for the purpose of destroying insects and disease vectors.
Detailed procedures for aircraft disinsection are provided in the Schedule of Aircraft Disinsection
Procedures, (not published herein).
To allow for sufficient notification to the Medical Officer of Health at the local Public Health Serv-
ice, the pilot-in-command of an aircraft arriving in New Zealand must notify the airline agent at
least 15 minutes before landing, if:
NEW ZEALAND
a. ill persons are on board suffering from diarrhea, vomiting (not motion sickness), or abnormal
temperature and a skin rash; or
b. there is any other condition that may lead to the spread of disease.

GENERAL
The information contained herein applies to New Zealand and other operators conducting interna-
tional flights to or from or in transit through New Zealand, and is given for the information and
guidance of these operators. Compliance with the provisions and requirements of the relevant
New Zealand legislation and associated regulations and rules is required. Penalties for non-com-
pliance are detailed in each Act. The information contained in this section does not replace,
amend or change in any manner, the current regulations of the designated authorities which are
of concern to international air travel.
Civil Aviation
Address: PO Box 31-441
Lower Hutt
New Zealand
5040
Tel: 64 4 560 9400
Fax: 64 4 569 2024
E-Mail: info@caa.govt.nz
Internet: www.caa.govt.nz/
AFTN: NZHOYAYX
Customs
New Zealand Customs Service
Address: PO Box 2218
Wellington
6140
Tel: (within NZ) 0800 4CUSTOMS (0800 428 786)
(outside NZ) +64 9 300 5399
Fax: +64 9 256 5202
E-Mail: ntc.trade.evaluators@customs.govt.nz
NEW ZEALAND
SCHEDULED AIR SERVICES

International airlines serving New Zealand on a scheduled basis are required to hold an Interna-
tional Air Service License or an Open Aviation Market License. The Secretary for Transport is the
licensing authority for foreign international airlines.
Every operator not domiciled in New Zealand who is conducting international air transport opera-
tions (the carriage of passengers or goods for hire or reward) of more than:
a. 2 take-offs or landings within New Zealand in any consecutive 28-day period; or
b. 8 take-offs or landings within New Zealand in any consecutive 365-day period;
to hold a Foreign Air Operator Certificate issued under Part 129, except where the operations are
conducted for the purpose of medical emergencies, including evacuations, or the carriage of med-
ical supplies or body organs.
Applications for the issue of a Foreign Air Operator Certificate are to be addressed to:
Manager Airline Flight Operations
Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand
Address: PO Box 31-441
Lower Hutt
New Zealand
Tel: 64 4 560 9400
Fax: 64 4 560 9452
AFTN: NZHOYAYX
Non-Scheduled flights are all international civil flights other than scheduled services, and include
charter, ferry, medivac/retrieval and private flights.
Commercial Flights
Under the Civil Aviation Act 1990, commercial non-scheduled flights (non-scheduled flights
engaged in the carriage of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire between New Zea-
land and any other country or territory, but excluding medical-related flights), may be operated
only as authorized by the Secretary for Transport and in accordance with such conditions as the
Secretary may impose.
Applications for non-scheduled commercial flights, which must be from the operator (not the char-
terer), may be made directly to the Ministry of Transport. If, however, the aircraft is not registered
in a State party to the ICAO Convention, the application should be submitted through the aviation
authority of the State of Registry.
Applications and notice of flights should be addressed to:
The Secretary for Transport
Address: Ministry of Transport
NEW ZEALAND
P.O. BOX 3175

(Attention: Air Services Team)
Wellington
New Zealand
6140
Tel: 64 4 498 0647
Fax: 64 4 439 9004
After Hours: John Bradbury 64 21 918 145
John Macilree 64 4 234 8224 or 64 21 918 158
Nigel Mouat 64 4 971 9859
In order to avoid delay and inconvenience, flight applications should be made as early as possible
and not less than 5 working days before a single flight or 30 days before the first of a series of
flights.
The following information should be supplied with flight applications:
a. the name and address, telephone and fax numbers, and internet address (if available) of the
operator and, where applicable, the New Zealand agent;
b. the operator’s country of domicile, if different from the above, and the principal place of
operation in that country;
c. the name and address of the charterer, if any, and where applicable, the New Zealand
agent;
d. the type of aircraft with seating configuration of a passenger flight;
e. the purpose of the flights or flights;
f. the number of flights and the routings;
g. the airports in New Zealand to be used;
h. the date(s) and time(s) of arrival and departure;
i. details of traffic to be taken on or set down in New Zealand, i.e. number, origin and destina-
tion of passengers (it is appreciated that the numbers may not be known at the time of the
application), and nature, origin and destination of cargo, and
j. certification that the operator has third-party insurance cover for any portion of the flight or
flights over or within New Zealand.
Non-Commercial Flights
Operators of civil aircraft registered in States party to the Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion desiring to make non-scheduled flights in transit across New Zealand or to land in New Zea-
land for non-commercial purposes are only required to give advance notice. An international flight
plan will be accepted as adequate notice, provided entry is at a designated Customs place. Even
so, the pilot-in-command of the aircraft must still give Customs/MAF two hours notice of the ETA
NEW ZEALAND
of the aircraft. Aircraft arriving outside gazetted Customs hours at a Customs place will be
charged for attendance by officers at the prescribed regulated hourly rate and for any associated
expenses.
MILITARY AND STATE AIRCRAFT

Foreign military and state aircraft may not enter or overfly New Zealand without prior permission.
Application for permission should be made through diplomatic channels to:
The Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
Address: Private Bag 18-901
Wellington
New Zealand
Tel: 64 4 439 8000
Fax: 64 4 472 9596
E-Mail: enquiries@mfat.govt.nz
Internet: www.mfat.govt.nz
The Minister will seek the necessary operating authorizations. Diplomatic missions have been
informed of the procedure to be followed and the information required. At least 14 days notice
should normally be given.
REQUIREMENTS FOR CLEARANCE OF AIRCRAFT

Arrival
The pilot-in-command of an aircraft, either commercial or non-commercial, is required, not less
than two hours before the estimated time of arrival in New Zealand, unless otherwise approved by
the New Zealand Customs Service/MAF, to give Customs/MAF the ETA of the aircraft and the air-
port at which the aircraft will arrive. On arriving within New Zealand territory the aircraft must pro-
ceed directly to that airport, unless directed elsewhere by a Customs or MAF officer.
On opening the aircraft doors the pilot-in-command, or their designated representative, must
present disinsection documents for any arrival disinsection. Aircraft with non-complying disinsec-
tion certificates or that have not been disinsected will be disinsected on arrival with passengers
and crew on board.
Within one hour of landing, the pilot-in-command (or operator) of the aircraft must deliver to Cus-
toms/MAF an inward report accompanied by such supporting documents that may be required.
The aircraft may be examined for risk goods or unwanted organisms. Where pests or unwanted
organisms are found on board, an inspector may direct the aircraft to be disinsected or fumigated.
All garbage and food trolleys removed from the aircraft must go to a MAF approved transitional
facility for sorting, cleaning, and waste destruction.
Departure
Unless otherwise approved by the New Zealand Customs Service, the pilot-in-command of an air-
craft, which has as its destination a point outside New Zealand, must depart from an approved
NEW ZEALAND
Customs place with a Certificate of Clearance in the prescribed form. Before any Certificate of
Clearance is granted, the pilot-in-command must deliver to Customs an outward report accompa-
nied by any required supporting documents.
AIRWAYS CHARGES
The Airways Corporation of New Zealand Limited (Airways) provides air navigation services in
both the New Zealand FIR and the Auckland Oceanic FIR.
Airways publishes a booklet of charges, which is available on request. Information on standard
terms and conditions, and pricing of all services provided is also available on the Airways website:
http://www.airways.co.nz.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Except with the concurrence of the Chief Executive of the Customs Service and Ministry of Agri-
culture and Forestry (MAF), an aircraft arriving from outside New Zealand is required to make its
first point of arrival at a designated airport.
Auckland (Intl)
Christchurch (Intl)
Dunedin
Hamilton
Ohakea (Military)
Palmerston North
Queenstown
Wellington (Intl)
Whenuapai (Military)
Prior permission is required for entry into non-designated airports and will only be granted subject
to MAF/Customs approval. Charges will be applied for attendance. Applications must be received
by Customs and MAF at least 72 hours prior to arrival in New Zealand.
NIUE I
PASSPORTS
Persons entering or leaving Niue must hold a valid passport for any passenger except those in
possession of “Certificates of Identity” bearing a photograph and details of the holder.
VISA
Visas are required.
Immigration Division
Government of Niue
include proof of accommodation, maintenance in Niue, and return or onwards tickets.
PUBLIC HEALTH REQUIREMENTS

Vaccinations are required by passengers if arriving within 14 days after leaving or transmitting any
country other than:
a. American Samoa
b. Australia
c. Cook Islands
d. Fiji
e. French Polynesia
f. Kiribati
g. New Caledonia
h. New Zealand
i. Norfolk Island
j. Samoa
k. Solomon Islands
l. Tokelau Islands
m. Tuvalu
n. Tonga
o. Vanuatu
Exempt are those not leaving the airport within other countries.
Vaccinations are required if arriving within 6 days after leaving or transiting a yellow fever infected
area. Children under one year are exempt.
NIUE I

GENERAL
International flights into, from or over Niue territory shall be subject to the current Niue regulations
relating to civil aviation.
Aircraft flying into or departing from Niue territory shall make their first landing at, or final depar-
ture from, Niue International Airport.
The Director of Civil Aviation
Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand
Wellington
New Zealand
6140
Tel: +64-4-560 9400
Fax: +64-4-569 2024
E-Mail: felicity.steel@caa.govt.nz
AFS: NZHOYAYX
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
GENERAL
It is necessary that the aircraft documents shown below be submitted by airline operators for
clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from Niue. All documents listed must
follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices to ICAO Annex 9 and are
acceptable when furnished in English in legible handwriting. No visas are required in connection
with such documents.
All documents are to be submitted to Customs as soon as practicable.
Aircraft Documents Required – Arrival/Departure

Customs 2 2 2
Immigration 1 1 1
Agriculture/Quarantine 1 1 Nil
NOTE: One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying
clearance.
NIUE I
If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no aircraft
documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the appropriate Cus-
toms authorities.
The pilot of an aircraft on an unscheduled flight who intends to overfly Niue or to use Niue Interna-
tional Airport for landing shall request such permission at least 14 full working days prior to depar-
ture and include the following information:
a. Name and address of the aircraft operator
b. Type and registration marks of the aircraft
c. Name, address and business of the charterer
d. Proposed date and place of origin of flight
e. Routes including dates and times of arrival and departure
f. Number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight
g. Purpose of flight
with.
from the Niue Foreign Affairs. Requests for such clearance should be submitted through the
normal diplomatic channels, giving a minimum of seven full working days’ notice.
Content and format of documentary requirements for clearance of aircraft is as follows:
a. General Declaration
b. Passenger Manifest
c. Cargo Manifest
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
Same as requirements for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
FEES
a. Landing Charges
b. Lighting Charges
c. Parking Charges
NIUE I
d. Passenger Service Charges
Exemptions
The following are exempt from the passenger service charge:
a. Diplomatic aircraft
b. Test or training flights
c. Aircraft engaged in flights of humanitarian nature, including search and rescue flights
d. Emergency landings
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Niue (Intl)
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
NATIONAL REGULATONS AND REQUIREMENTS
PASSPORT AND VISA

Entrance visas are required. In certain cases a bona fide tourist may be eligible for issuance of a
30 day visa on arrival in Port Moresby.
All passengers entering Papua New Guinea are required to be in possession of valid passports or
other travel documents of identity bearing photographs of the holders.
With the following exceptions, all persons entering Papua New Guinea from other countries are
required to have a Permit to Enter endorsed in their passport. The only exceptions to this require-
ment are in respect of:
a. Members of the Armed Forces of governments with whom Papua New Guinea has a Status
of Forces Agreement, traveling on duty, either in uniform or in mufti, who are in possession
of a service identity card and an authorized travel order;
b. Persons holding through air tickets to other countries, unless they intend to break the journey
in Papua New Guinea.
All persons arriving in Papua New Guinea are required to furnish a completed Incoming Passen-
ger Card with the exception of children under the age of 16 years traveling with a parent.
Transit passengers wishing to land in Papua New Guinea enroute to another country must:
a. Be in possession of a valid passport;
b. Be in possession of authority to enter the country of destination (a valid visa for that country
would suffice);
c. Be in possession of through tickets or orders on a travel agency in Papua New Guinea for
onward passage;
d. Hold funds sufficient for the period of their stay in Papua New Guinea;
e. Leave Papua New Guinea on their onward journey by the first suitable transport.
Flight crew members may furnish their valid licence or crew member certificate, issued by the
State of Registry, in lieu of a passport if the licence or certificate meets the requirements of ICAO
Annex 9, paragraphs 3.19, 3.23, and/or 3.24, as applicable.
HEALTH
All passengers from areas within a country where there has been an outbreak of cholera within
the previous 6 (six) days are required to be in possession of valid certificates of vaccination
against cholera.
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travelers over age 1 year coming from infes-
ted areas.
ANIMAL QUARANTINE
Total prohibition exists on the importation of live animals (including birds, fish, insects, fertile eggs
and semen) without prior written approval from the Chief Quarantine Officer (Animals), and ani-
mals must be accompanied by an import permit and health certification as specified in the permit.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
In general, permits are granted only for animals (as specified above) originating from Australia or
New Zealand. Further information can be obtained from the:
Chief Quarantine Officer (Animals)
Boroko
Tel: 21 7899
Telex: NE23076
PLANT QUARANTINE
All plants and parts of plants (the term “plants and parts of plants” includes not only fruit, seeds,
cuttings, cores, bulbs, rhizomes and other material capable of propagation, but also timber,
bamboo used as packing, straw and other materials of plant origin) are subject to inspection on
arrival in Papua New Guinea. Some wet canned goods of plant origin may be imported without
restriction. Dry canned goods of plant origin require a certificate of heat treatment.
NOTE: All fruit and vegetables must be accompanied by a certificate of inspection issued by the
Department of Agriculture in the country of origin. Importation of fresh banana, pineapple and
pawpaw fruits is totally prohibited from any country.

GENERAL
All flights into, from and over Papua New Guinea and landings in Papua New Guinea shall be car-
ried out in accordance with the valid regulations of Papua New Guinea regarding Civil Aviation.
Except in the case of an aircraft possessing the nationality of a Contracting State to the Conven-
tion, and not engaged in a scheduled international air service which flies in transit non-stop across
Papua New Guinea, all aircraft arriving in Papua New Guinea from outside or departing from
Papua New Guinea for outside the country shall land or takeoff, as the case may be, from an aer-
odrome designated as an international airport by the Director.
Office of Civil Aviation
Boroko
Papua New Guinea
Fax: 325-0749
Aeronautical Information Service
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Boroko
Papua New Guinea
Fax: 325-0749
Bureau of Customs
Bureau of Customs
Port Moresby
Papua New Guinea
Telex: 23350 CUSPOM (Port Moresby)
95874 CUSARW (Arawa)
86154 CUSWK (Wewak)
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
An international airline of a country other than Papua New Guinea shall not operate a scheduled
air service over or into Papua New Guinea except with, and in accordance with, the special per-
mission of the Director, or by virtue of some agreement or arrangement, whether bilateral or multi-
lateral, under which such services of that other country may be operated over or into Papua New
Guinea.
All operators of international air services to Papua New Guinea are required to implement ade-
quate security procedures in relation to the aircraft and any passengers, baggage, cargo or mail
on board the aircraft and forward details to the Director in the form of a written aviation security
program.
The program shall specify the equipment to be used and procedures to be followed by the opera-
tor for the purposes of:
a. preventing the unlawful carriage on any aircraft used in the international air service conduc-
ted by the operator (whether on the person or in baggage, mail or other cargo) of any fire-
arm, ammunition, weapon, incendiary device or explosive, or other substance or thing that,
by reason of its nature or condition, may endanger the safety of the aircraft or the safety of
persons or property on board the aircraft;
b. preventing any person from having unlawful access to such an aircraft;
c. ensuring that all baggage, mail and other cargo to be taken on board such an aircraft is
accepted for this purpose only by an employee, or other duly authorized agent or representa-
tive of the operator;
d. preventing baggage, mail and other cargo from being taken on board such an aircraft except
in accordance with specified security procedures; and
e. the protection of such an aircraft and of persons and property on board such an aircraft in
the event that, because of a threat or warning having been received or otherwise, there is
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
reason to believe that there exists a danger to the safety of the aircraft or to the safety of
those persons or that property.
Where an applicant is unable to submit a security program before the date of the intended opera-
tion, the operator will be required to operate in accordance with the approved program of an inter-
national airline operating to Papua New Guinea or the airline nominated as the handling agent.
of their aircraft to and from Papua New Guinea. All documents must follow the ICAO standard
format as set forth in the relevant appendices to Annex 9, and are acceptable when furnished in
English and completed in legible handwriting.
Customs Clearance (entry only) from the last airport of departure in the form of a copy of the
General Declaration endorsed by the customs authorities at that airport — 1 Copy
General Declaration — 2 Copies
Cargo Manifest required at each airport where cargo is landed on entry and where loaded for
departure. (No copies required if all cargo is declared on the General Declaration) — 2 Copies
List of Stores — 1 Copy
List of Dutiable Articles (entry only) other than personal effects in possession of crew members
— 1 Copy
Passengers Baggage Declaration (entry only) — One copy for each passenger except wives
accompanying their husbands and children under the age of 18 years accompanying parents.
Export Licenses and Permits (departure only) where required.
All compartments of aircraft arriving from countries other than Australia will be subject to spraying
for the destruction of insects prior to the disembarkation of passengers and crew. The procedures
will be carried out under the control of the Quarantine Medical Officer as soon as the aircraft lands
at the first airport of call in Papua New Guinea.
General
An aircraft possessing the nationality of a Contracting State and not engaged in a scheduled inter-
national air service may, subject to the observance of the terms of the Chicago Convention and
the provisions of that Act, fly in transit non-stop across Papua New Guinea or land in the country
for non-traffic purposes, without the necessity of obtaining prior permission.
In all other cases, an aircraft possessing the nationality of a Contracting State and wishing to con-
duct a non-scheduled flight into Papua New Guinea must first obtain the approval of the Director.
Application for permission must be made to the Director by the operator at least 28 days prior to
the commencement of the flight. Applications not received within these time limits may not be
accepted. The following information is required in the application:
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
a. Name and address of operator;

b. Type of aircraft and registration marks, aircraft weight and tire pressures;
c. Date and expected time of arrival at and departure from all airports concerned in Papua New
Guinea territory;
d. Place or places of embarkation or disembarkation in Papua New Guinea or abroad, as the
case may be, of passengers and/or cargo;
e. Purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and actual mass of cargo unloa-
ded at Papua New Guinea airports involved;
f. Name, address and business of charterer, if any;
g. Details of the radio, radio navigation, navigation and search and rescue equipment carried;
h. Charter price in the case of “contributory group” charter. A “contributory group” charter is one
in which the individual members of the charter party are contributing wholly or in part and
directly or indirectly towards the cost of the charter.
An aircraft which possesses the nationality of a Contracting State shall not fly within, or depart
from, Papua New Guinea territory unless it complies with the requirements of the Convention in
respect of:
a. nationality mark and registration mark;
b. certificate of airworthiness;
c. the number and description of, and the holding of licenses and ratings by, the operating
crew;
d. the documents to be carried;
e. the flight and maneuver of aircraft; and
f. the provision of radio apparatus.
All operators of international air services to Papua New Guinea are required to implement ade-
quate security procedures in relation to the aircraft and any passengers, baggage, cargo or mail
on board the aircraft and forward details to the Director in the form of a written security program.
Where an applicant is unable to submit a security program before the date of the intended opera-
tion, the operator will be required to operate in accordance with the approved program of an inter-
national airline operating to Papua New Guinea or the airline nominated as the handling agent.
The program shall specify the equipment to be used and procedures to be followed by the opera-
tor for the purposes of:
a. preventing the unlawful carriage on any aircraft used in the international air service conduc-
ted by the operator (whether on the person or in baggage, mail or other cargo) of any fire-
arm, ammunition, weapon, incendiary device or explosive, or other substance or thing that,
by reason of its nature or condition, may endanger the safety of the aircraft or the safety of
persons or property on board the aircraft;
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
b. preventing any person from having unlawful access to such an aircraft;

c. ensuring that all baggage, mail and other cargo to be taken on board such an aircraft is
accepted for this purpose only by an employee, or other duly authorized agent or representa-
tive of the operator;
d. preventing baggage, mail and other cargo from being taken on board such an aircraft except
in accordance with specified security procedures and
e. the protection of such an aircraft and of persons and property on board such an aircraft in
the event that, because of a threat or warning having been received or otherwise, there is
reason to believe that there exists a danger to the safety of the aircraft or to the safety of
those persons or that property.
Same as for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS .
Same as for SCHEDULED FLIGHTS .
Landings Made Elsewhere Than at International Airports

If a landing is made elsewhere than at an international airport or a designated customs airport, the
pilot in command shall report the landing as soon as practicable to the health, customs and immi-
gration authorities at the international airport at which the landing was scheduled to take place.
This notification may be made through any available communication link.
The pilot in command shall be responsible for ensuring that:
a. if pratique has not been granted to the aircraft at the previous landing, contact between other
persons on the one hand and the passengers and crew on the other is avoided;
b. that cargo, baggage and mail are not removed from the aircraft except as provided below;
and
c. any foodstuffs of overseas origin, or any plant material is not removed from the aircraft
except where local food is unobtainable. All food refuse including peelings, cores, stones of
fruit, etc., must be collected and returned to the galley refuse container, the contents of
which should not be removed from the aircraft except for hygiene reasons, in which case
they must be destroyed by burning or deep burial.
FEES
a. Landing Fees
b. Parking Fees
c. Passenger Departure Tax
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
International Airport — means an airport of entry and departure for international air traffic where
all formalities incident to Customs, Immigration, Public Health, Agricultural Quarantine and similar
procedures are carried out. The following airports are International airports:
Port Moresby (Jacksons Intl)

Wewak
Kieta
Customs Airport — means an airport designated for Customs purposes, (but not necessarily
authorized as an “international airport”), as the first airport of entry into and/or the last airport of
departure from Papua New Guinea.
Daru (see Note 2)

Momote (see Note 3)
Vanimo (see Note 4)
NOTE:
a. Operations by aircraft at the above airports is limited to the pavement strengths shown for
these airports in the Airport Directory. Prior application must be made for a pavement con-
cession where this is necessary.
b. Clearances available at Daru include Public Health, Customs, Immigration and Agricultural
Quarantine, (plant only). Available for use as airport of entry or departure for flights from or to
the Australian mainland.
c. Clearances available at Momote include Public Health, Customs, Immigration and Agricul-
tural Quarantine (plant only). Application for approval to use as an airport of entry or depar-
ture to be made to the Comptroller of Customs, Port Moresby.
d. Clearances available at Vanimo include Public Health, Customs, Immigration and Agricul-
tural Quarantine. Available for use as airport of entry or departure for flights from or to West
Irian.
PHILIPPINES
PASSPORT
Any person entering the Republic of the Philippines for the purpose of immigration must hold a
valid passport and an immigration visa, the latter being issued at the Philippine consulates
abroad. Temporary visitors must be in possession of a valid passport, with the exception of the
following from whom existing official documents of identity, such as expired passports, national
registration cards or alien resident permits, are acceptable in lieu of a valid passport:
a. Laissez Passer, issued by the United Nations;
b. Seaman Discharge Book holder, issued to a left behind crew member seeking entry for the
purpose of rejoining his vessel in the Philippines;
c. Other travel document showing their origin and identity, issued by authority of authorized
Officials;
d. Certificate of Exemption from Passport Requirements, issued by authority of the President of
the Philippines.
For tourists, passport must be valid for at least six (6) months beyond the authorized period of
stay in the Philippines.
For other non-immigrants, passport must be valid six (6) months period of authorized period of
stay in the Philippines.
VISA
Visas are required, except for the following:
a. Aliens in direct transit to a foreign destination on the same or connecting flight and staying at
the airport transit area.
b. Left behind merchant seaman seeking entry for the purpose of rejoining their vessels in the
Philippines with prior request by the shipping agent or the master and with approval of the
same by the Immigration Commissioner.
c. Holder of valid Special Return Certificates and Valid Permit to Re-enter.
d. Alien children born subsequent to the issuance of Immigration Visa of the accompanying
parent, the visa not having expired.
e. Bona fide tourists coming for not over 21 days under Executive Order 408 and properly
documented for admission into the country with valid return or onward ticket to next port of
destination which is required for presentation upon arrival at the airport.
NOTE: Under this provision, privileges shall not be extended to nationals or citizens of fol-
lowing States (must have valid entry visa upon arrival):
a. Nationals of the following countries:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia-Herzego-
vina, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Estonia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
(FYROM), Georgia, India Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon,
Libya, Lithuania, Moldova, Nigeria, North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of
PHILIPPINES
Korea), Pakistan, Russian Federation, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tonga,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and
Montenegro).
Peoples Republic of Croatia (PROC), Cuba, Laos, Slovenia, and Vietnam (regular pass-
port holders only: diplomatic and official passport holder does not need entry visas).
b. The following are also required entry visas when coming to the Philippines:
Holders of Taiwanese passports, Holders of Documents of Identity (DI), Certificates of
Identity (CI) or Travel Documents (Titre de Voyage), Stateless Persons.
c. The following nationals are allowed to enter the Philippines without a visa for a stay not
exceeding seven (7) days:
Holders of Hong Kong-British, British National Overseas (BNO), Special Administrative
Region (SAR) passports, holders of Portuguese passports issued in Macao.
Important Notes:
NOTE 1: For admission without visas, regulations require that passports are valid for at least
six (6) months. However, Immigration Officers at ports of entry may exercise their discretion
to admit holders of passports valid for at least sixty (60) days beyond the intended period of
stay;
For admission with visa, passports must be valid for at least six (6) months, unless entry is
otherwise authorized by the Department of Justice or the Bureau of Immigration.
NOTE 2: Valid ticket for return journey to port of origin or to the next port of destination is
required for presentation upon arrival at the airport.
NOTE 3: Nationals who are subjects of deportation/blacklist orders of the Department of Jus-
tice and Bureau of Immigration shall not be admitted to the Philippines.
f. Countries with which the Philippines has agreements on the abolition of visa requirements
for holders of Diplomatic, Official, or Special Passport for the duration of assignment or mis-
sion in the Philippines which are as follows:
Austria, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Chile, Croatia (FSC 230-94), Cuba, Denmark, Finland, Ger-
many, Greece, Hungary (FSC 189-94), Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Republic of Korea, Laos (FSC
227-96), Malaysia, Norway, Panama (FSC 198-97), Peru (FSC 106-97), Poland, Romania
(FSC 203-96), Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Venezuela and
Vietnam (FSC 36-97).
The Standard ICAO Embarkation/Disembarkation (E/D) Card, which is distributed by airline crew,
must be duly accomplished and must be presented upon arrival/departure to the Immigration Offi-
cer.
No documentation or visa is required of passengers arriving and departing on the same through
flight or transferring to another flight at the same or nearby airport provided and who do not leave
the transit lounge or Airport Direct Transit Area of the airport.
PHILIPPINES
Nationals of the following countries, if coming as temporary visitors (up to 59 days stay). Coun-
tries with which the Philippines has agreements for the abolition of visa requirements (for holders
of regular passports and entry for business or pleasure):
– Brazil, Brunei, Gibraltar, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Romania, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand
and Mongolia (FSC 164-94).
Those waived by the President of the Philippines under the following category:
– Children below 15 years of age, unaccompanied by or not coming to join a parent, may be
allowed entry into the Philippines, unless the Immigration Commissioner waives the exclusion
ground against them, as provided in Section 29(a) of the Philippine Immigration Act of 1940 as
amended, and payment of Immigration fees.
– Alien seaman coming to the Philippines to join their vessels for the first time must be in posses-
sion of valid visas, irrespective of whether or not they are nationals of those countries having
bilateral agreements with the Republic of the Philippines regarding no visa requirements.
HEALTH
PUBLIC HEALTH MEASURES APPLIED TO PASSENGERS
A Yellow Fever Vaccination Certificate is required from travellers over one (1) year of age arriving
within six (6) days from infected areas.

All aircraft from foreign airports are subject to quarantine inspection upon landing in the Philip-
pines.
Aircraft arriving from abroad shall land first at an airport of entry, unless permission to land else-
where is first granted by the competent authorities, who upon granting such permission shall
immediately notify the Director of Quarantine. It shall be the responsibility of any airline operating
aircraft engaged in international flights to notify the National Quarantine Office on the arrival of its
aircraft. The notice shall specify the type of aircraft, the registration marks and license number,
the last airport of departure, the airport of entry and number of persons on board. Notifications of
arriving aircraft shall be given as to allow the Quarantine Medical Officer to be at the airport of
entry on or before the time of its scheduled arrival.
No aircraft shall be allowed to leave any airport of the Philippine for foreign airports without pro-
curing from the Quarantine Medical Officer an outgoing clearance.
In view of danger of the introduction of insects which are economic hazards or vectors of disease,
any aircraft from any foreign airport shall be disinfected prior to its departure from its last airport of
call (“block away” disinfecting) using World Health Organization (WHO) approved formulas for
aerosol.
FEES
a. Landing and take–off Fees
PHILIPPINES
b. Parking Charges
c. Passenger Service Charge
d. Air Navigation Service Charge
e. Overflight Service Charge

GENERAL
Aircraft flying into or departing from Philippine territory shall make their first landing at, or final
departure from, an international aerodrome/heliport (see AIRPORTS OF ENTRY).
For reasons of national security, all aircraft flights originating from foreign countries which will
overfly or land on Philippine territory are monitored to ensure that such flight will not be inimical or
injurious to national security. Thus, as a standing policy, all aircraft of foreign registry, except
scheduled air carriers desiring to overfly Philippine airspace, or to land in Philippine territory are
required to secure diplomatic clearances, before operating such flights. For purpose of this proce-
dures, Philippine airspace is not considered according to its legal definition as internationally
accepted but is meant to be the airspace covered by the Philippine Air Defence Identification
Zone (PADIZ) and, in the case of Mindanao, Palawan and the Sulu archipelago, the airspace
within the Philippine treaty boundaries.
Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
CAAP Office
Address: CAAP Main Building
MIA Road
Pasay City, Metro Manila
Philippines
1300
Tel: (632) 879-9100/9104/9105
Fax: (632) 879-9101
Telex: CIVILAIR MANILA
AFTN: RPLLYAYX
Civil Aeronautics Board
CAB Building
Address: Old MIA Road
Philippines
1300
PHILIPPINES
Tel: (632) 833-7266

Fax: (632) 833-6911
Bureau of Customs
Bureau of Customs
Address: MIA Road
Philippines
1300
Tel: (632) 832-3033
(632) 879-5088
Fax: (632) 831-3215
Department of Foreign Affairs
Department of Foreign Affairs
Address: Roxas Boulevard
Philippines
1300
Tel: (632) 834-4000
Philippine Air Force
Col. Jesus Villamor Air Base
Address: Pasay City, Metro Manila
Philippines
1300
Tel: (632) 854-6732/6701 local 6600 or 6900
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across the
Philippines, the following requirements must be met:
a. the State of the airline must be a party to the International Air Services Transit Agreement
and/or the International Air Transport Agreement wherein the Philippines is a party to both
Agreements;
b. the airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provision of a bilateral or multilateral
agreement to which the State of the airline and the Philippines are contracting parties;
c. and the airline must have a permit to operate into or in transit across the Philippines. Appli-
cations for such permits shall be submitted to the Civil Aeronautics Board, copy furnished the
Department of Foreign Affairs (DESIGNATED AUTHORITIES , above).
PHILIPPINES
NON–SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
If an operator intends to carry out a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s) in transit across, or making
non-traffic stops in the territory of the Philippines, it is necessary for the operator to obtain prior
permission.
If an operator intends to perform a (series of) non-scheduled flight(s) into the Philippines for the
purpose of taking on or discharging passengers, cargo or mail, it is necessary for the operator to
apply to Civil Aeronautics Board for permission to carry out such operations not less than twenty-
four hours in advance of the intended landing. The application must include the following informa-
tion in the order shown hereunder:
a. name of operator;
b. type of aircraft and registration marks;
c. date and time of arrival at, and departure from an aerodrome;
d. place or places of embarkation or disembarkation abroad, as the case may be, of passen-
gers and/or freight;
e. purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight; and
f. name, address and business of charter, if any.
Military exit clearance for international non-scheduled commercial air carrier is no longer required.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
The information contained in the flight plan is accepted as adequate advance notification of the
arrival of incoming aircraft, such information must be transmitted so that it will be received by the
public authorities concerned at least two hours in advance of arrival; the landing must be carried
out on a previously designated international aerodrome.
Application for special permission must be submitted to the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philip-
pines (CAAP) at least seven (7) days prior to entry over Philippine airspace.

It is necessary that the under mentioned aircraft documents be submitted by airline operators for
clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from the Philippines. All documents listed
below must follow the ICAO Standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices to ICAO
Annex 9 and are acceptable when furnished in English only and completed in legible handwriting.
No visas are required in connection with such documents.
PHILIPPINES
Aircraft documents required (arrival/departure)

General Passenger Cargo
Required by
Declaration Manifest Manifest
Immigration 2 2 -
Customs 1 1 1
Health 1 1 -
NOTE 1: One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying
clearance.
NOTE 2: If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no
aircraft documents except copies of the general Declaration need be submitted to the above
authorities.
For Private flights, No documents in addition to those mentioned above, are required in the case
of an aircraft remaining within the Philippines for less than seven (7) days. For a stay beyond
seven (7) days after the date of arrival, a “carnet de passages en douane” will be accepted in lieu
of a bond or of any other financial guarantee.
REQUIREMENTS FOR DIPLOMATIC FLIGHT CLEARANCES

Scope
a. Non-scheduled foreign air carrier, civilian or military desiring to land on Philippine airports on
non-revenue flights or to overfly through Philippine airspace.
b. Scheduled air carriers without CAB approved routes which will land on Philippine airports or
will overfly through Philippine airspace.
c. Scheduled air carriers desiring to operate extra section and charter flights to the Philippines.
d. Supplemental and non-scheduled carrier of foreign countries desiring to operate charter or
revenue flights to the Philippines
e. Foreign registered aircraft desiring to land on Philippine airports for reasons of emergency.
Emergency landing presuppose that on take-off of the aircraft from its point of origin abroad,
no landing in Philippine airports was planned or intended but that such landing was caused
by circumstances beyond the control of aircraft’s crew.
Procedures
a. All operators of aircraft under (Scope (a) and (b)) above, including those making technical
landings only, must request diplomatic flight clearances from the Department of Foreign
Affairs (DFA), Manila, either through their respective diplomatic or consular representatives
in the Philippines, through representing or servicing local firms, or through Philippine diplo-
matic or consular offices abroad.
PHILIPPINES
b. Requests for diplomatic flight clearances must be addressed and submitted directly to the
Secretary, Department of Foreign Affairs (Attn: Assistant Secretary for Legal Affairs) at least
seven (7) working days before time of penetration of Philippine airspace and which are then
indorsed to the Commanding General, Philippine Air Force (Attn: 1st Air Division) for com-
ment and recommendation. To expedite processing, simultaneous dispatch may be made by
the requesting party by furnishing copies of the letter of request to CG, PAF, at the same
time that the original request is submitted to Department of Foreign Affairs (DESIGNATED
AUTHORITIES, above).
c. Applications for revenue flights of all operators of aircraft covered under (Scope (c) and (d))
shall be filed with the Civil Aeronautics Board at least seven (7) days before the operation of
the flights, copy furnished the CG, PAF (Attn: 1st Air Division) and the Director General for
Civil Aviation (Attn: Flight Safety Division). Foreign air carriers desiring to operate revenue
flights to the Philippines for the first time shall submit their application through diplomatic
channels.
d. Requests for diplomatic flight clearances by operators of revenue flights, whether carrying
passengers or cargoes, must attach thereto a copy of approval from the Civil Aeronautics
Board for such flights.
e. Approved diplomatic flight clearances are only valid for twenty-four (24) hours and could be
extended up to seventy-two (72) hours, if a re-adjustment for the flight, changes in call sign,
registry number, or type of aircraft is necessary due to inclement weather or technical diffi-
culty. Such information, however, must be relayed to Philippine authority at least twenty-four
(24) hours in advance.
f. For purposes of getting assured of POL (petroleum, oil and lubricants) servicing, requests for
diplomatic flight clearances must specify the requirements for POL while in Philippine air-
ports, specifying therein the type and quantity desired.
g. All requests for diplomatic flight clearances must be made with the Department of Foreign
Affairs for their publication and dissemination.
h. Pilots of foreign registered aircraft desiring to land on Philippines airports due to emergency
will notify the Manila Area Control Center of their intentions to land, stating therein the nature
of their emergencies. As soon as received, Manila ACC will immediately notify the Air Move-
ment and Information Section (AMIS) and render assistance to the aircraft in distress. AMIS
will notify the Senior Controller, Philippine Air Defence Control Center (PADCC) of the emer-
gency, who in turn will secure approval/disapproval will immediately be transmitted to the
pilot of the aircraft through the same channel in the reverse order. Transmission of informa-
tion on this nature will be given immediate priority. A-2 will notify DFA later of the emergency
landing.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Angeles (Diosdado Macapagal Intl) 24 hrs
Davao (Francisco Bangoy Intl) 0000-0900 UTC (on request other times)
PHILIPPINES
Kalibo (Intl) 2100–1300 UTC

Laoag (Intl) 2200-1400 UTC Customs 2200–1000 (on re-
quest)
Lapu Lapu (Mactan-Cebu Intl) Mon-Fri: 0000-0900 UTC (on request Saturday,
Sunday, and holiday)
Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl) 24 hrs
Puerto Princesa (Intl) Mon-Fri: 2200–1000 UTC
Subic Bay (Intl) 24 hrs
Gen Santos City (Tambler Intl) 2200–1000 UTC
Zamboanga (Intl) 24 hrs
SAMOA
PASSPORT
Persons entering or leaving Samoa must hold a passport valid on arrival for a period of at least
six months (except aircraft crew members declared on the General Declaration form).
VISA
Visas are required except for persons who intend to leave Samoa within 60 days after arrival, pro-
vided they hold tickets with reserved seats and documents for onwards travel.
a. Assistant CEO
Ministry of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
Address: PO Box L1861
Apia
Samoa
Tel: (685) 20 291 or (685) 20 292
Fax: (685) 21 339;
b. the Passport Officer in Samoa;
c. the offices of the Samoa High Commission in Wellington, New Zealand; or
d. the offices of the Samoa Consul in Auckland, New Zealand or (e) (f) & (g);
e. Samoa Embassy New York;
f. Offices of the Samoa Consul in Canberra, Australia;
g. Office of the Samoa Consul in Brussels.
include proof of accommodation, maintenance in Samoa, and return or onwards tickets.
HEALTH
a. Bangladesh
b. India
c. Myanmar (Burma)
d. Philippines
e. Thailand
f. Vietnam
SAMOA
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers after leaving or transiting infected
areas within the last 6 days.
No smallpox vaccination is required for entry into Samoa.
On departure, no health formalities are required.
All arriving aircraft will be subject to insecticide spraying.

GENERAL
International flights into, from or over Samoa territory shall be subject to the current Samoa regu-
lations relating to civil aviation. These regulations correspond in all essentials to the Standards
and Recommended Practices contained in Annex 9 to the Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion.
Aircraft flying into or departing from Samoa territory should make their first landing at, or final
departure from Faleolo International Airport. However, Maota airport may be used as a port of
entry for light wake turbulence aircraft by day only, provided prior approval has been granted.
a. Civil Aviation — Regulatory
Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure
Apia
Samoa
Tel: (685) 21 611 or (685) 23 700
Fax: (685) 21 990 or (685) 28 687
AFTN: NSFAYOYA
b. Civil Aviation — Operations
General Manager
Samoa Airport Authority
Address: Private Bag
Faleolo International Airport
Apia
Samoa
Tel: (685) 23 201 or (685) 23 202
Fax: (685) 24 281
AFTN: NSFAYAYX
SAMOA
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
All passengers, mail, cargo and crew of any overseas aircraft shall be subject mutatis mutandis to
all applicable general or special local regulations dealing with the entry, transit and departure of
persons, introduction, transit or exportation of goods, quarantine and health measures, immigra-
tion, passports, visas and travel documents.
Documentary Requirements For Clearance Of Aircraft
It is necessary that the aircraft documents shown in the following table be submitted by airline
operators for clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from Samoa. All documents
must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices to ICAO Annex 9
and are acceptable when furnished in English in legible handwriting. No visas are required in con-
nection with such documents.
All documents are to be submitted to customs as soon as practicable.
GENERAL DEC- PASSENGER CARGO MANI-

REQUIRED BY
LARATION MANIFEST FEST
CUSTOMS 1 1 1
AGRICULTURE / QUARANTINE 1 2 Nil
IMMIGRATION 2 2 2
NOTE: One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying
clearance.
NOTE: If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no
aircraft documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the appropriate
Customs authorities.
NON-SCHEDULED AND PRIVATE FLIGHTS

Procedures
All passengers, mail, cargo and crew of any overseas aircraft shall be subject mutatis mutandis to
all applicable general or special local regulations dealing with the entry, transit and departure of
persons, introduction, transit or exportation of goods, quarantine and health measures, immigra-
tion, passports, visas and travel documents.
The pilot of an aircraft on an unscheduled flight who intends to overfly Samoa or use a Samoan
airport for landing shall request such permission from the Ministry of Works, Transport and Infra-
structure at least 7 full working days prior to departure and include the following information:
c. Name, address and business of charterer
SAMOA

that the requirements of the ICAO Convention on International Civil Aviation are compiled
with.
b. When Faleolo International Airport is nominated in an IFR flight plan as the alternate aero-
drome in accordance with CAR Part 91.405, and prior notice of diversion has been received
by ATC.
from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Requests for such clearance should be submitted through the
normal diplomatic channels giving a minimum of 7 full working days’ notice.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Apia (Faleolo Intl) NSFA
SOLOMON ISLANDS
PASSPORT
All persons entering Solomon Islands must be in possession of valid passports or other travel
documents showing identity and bearing a photograph of the holder. All departing persons from
Solomon Islands are required to furnish a completed Passenger Embarkation card.
All persons including children arriving in Solomon Islands are required to furnish a completed
Passenger Disembarkation form.
Persons wishing to enter Solomon Islands for period exceeding three months are required to be in
possession of an Entry Permit entitling them to enter and reside in Solomon Islands.
Persons entering Solomon Islands for a stay of not more than two months may obtain a visitor’s
Permit on arrival. Issue of such a Permit is conditional upon a person being in possession of a
valid passport or travel document, sufficient funds with which to maintain himself while in Solomon
Islands, and a return or onward transportation ticket to a country into which he has a right to entry.
The Director of Immigration may accept a cash bond, equal to an air fare to a country outside
Solomon Islands in lieu of a return or onward ticket.
The following classes of persons may enter Solomon Islands without a permit:
a. dependant children under the age of eighteen years of any person resident in Solomon
Islands, if undergoing full-time studies at an educational establishment and who are not oth-
erwise entitled to enter Solomon Islands without a permit;
b. transit passengers in possession of confirmed onward bookings by air or by sea who do not
remain in Solomon Islands for more than seven days, except nationals of countries requiring
prior approval who need prior permission of the Director of Immigration.
c. any citizen of Solomon Islands and his family under the age of 18 years;
d. any person who qualifies for citizenship within the terms laid down by section 20(1)(b) of the
Constitution;
e. any person to whom immunities and privileges have been extended in Solomon Islands
under the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act, or any other Act, and the family of such
a person;
f. any person employed in the service of the Government of Solomon Islands or the Govern-
ment of any country or territory of the Commonwealth entering Solomon Islands in the
course of his duty;
g. the family of any person referred to in paragraph above;
h. any other person or class of persons whom the Minister may by order specify;
i. any serving members of Her Majesty’s Forces if the Principal Immigration Officer is satisfied
that responsibility for his repatriation has been accepted by the service concerned;
All persons for whom a permit to enter or reside in Solomon Islands is required, are required to
furnish such security as the Director of Immigration may demand. This usually takes the form of a
bond or cash equivalent to a single fare to the applicant’s country of origin.
Enquiries on Immigration matters should be addressed to the:
SOLOMON ISLANDS
The Director of Immigration

Address: Ministry of Commerce and Primary Industries
P.O. Box G26
Honiara
Solomon Islands
Tel: 677 22243/22585
Fax: 677 22964
Telex: IMPOL HONIARA
E-Mail: immigration@commerce.gov.sb
HEALTH
Documentation: The pilot-in-command of an aircraft landing at an international airport which is the
first airport of call in Solomon Islands, shall furnish the following to the Customs Authorities:
General Declaration — 1 copy
Passenger Manifest — 1 copy
All arriving passengers are required to be in possession of valid certificates of vaccination against
smallpox, cholera and yellow fever if coming from infected areas. As these areas are liable to
change at short notice, intending passengers should seek advice before departing on a journey to
Solomon Islands, as to the necessity of carriage of such documents.
Complete Customs examination of the baggage of passengers and crew members is normally
made at the first point of entry.
When the Customs Boarding Officer has received the documents set out under AIRCRAFT
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS , and the Quarantine Officer has authorized unloading to commence,
baggage (including crew baggage) of all persons destined for that airport will be unloaded and
brought into the baggage examination area (Customs Section) of the terminal building for exami-
nation. Crew baggage will be separated from passenger baggage. Cargo will be unloaded for
Immediate delivery to a bond store.
Passengers are required to complete a Customs Declaration form (Passenger Baggage Declara-
tion). The members of the aircrew must each complete an “Articles in Possession—Aircrew” form.
A Customs Officer will maintain surveillance over the unloading of all baggage and cargo and
ensure that it is taken directly to the baggage examination area and bond store respectively. An
officer may also check goods owned by, or in possession of, the crew against the List of Stores
and “Articles in Possession—Aircrew.”
Passengers and crew, after disembarking, must proceed to the Entry Control Point (Customs
examination area) for completion of Customs, Immigration, Quarantine and Health formalities.
SOLOMON ISLANDS
After the examination of crew and passenger baggage has been completed, and Customs duty
and or sales tax (if any) paid, the persons concerned will be authorized to remove their baggage
from the Customs examination area.

FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN AIRCRAFT WHICH ARE PARTY TO THE CONVENTION
Non-Traffic Flights
In accordance with Article 5 of the Chicago Convention 1944, aircraft of ICAO Contracting States
not engaged in scheduled international air services have the right to make flights into or fly non-
stop across the territory of the Solomon Islands, and to make stops for non-traffic purposes, with-
out obtaining prior approval.
In respect of such flights that are making stops in Solomon Islands, Customs, Immigration, and
Agriculture and Quarantine service will be alerted by flight service upon receipt of the flight plan
message. These services are provided without charge when arrivals and departures fall within
normal business hours (0800 to 1630 local [UTC + 11] Monday to Friday, excluding public holi-
days). For arrivals and departures outside these hours, a call-out fee will be charged.
Traffic Flights
Aircraft engaged in commercial services other than scheduled international air services intending
to take on or discharge passengers, cargo, or mail in Solomon Islands, or to conduct any type of
aerial work in Solomon Islands, require a permit (issued under the Air Transport [Licensing of Air
Services] Regulations 1999).
The authority to issue permits for one-off or short-term services of this nature has been delegated
to the Director of Civil Aviation. No fee is charged for such permits. Applications to the Director
(see address above), should be made in writing by mail or fax so as to arrive no later than three
(3) working days (72 hours) before the intended first flight and should contain the following infor-
mation:
a. name and address or operator;
b. type of aircraft, nationality and registration marks;
c. itinerary of proposed flight;
d. number and composition of crew;
e. name and address of charterer(s); and
f. any other relevant information.
Application for a permit in respect of long-term charter series or protracted aerial work activities in
Solomon Islands will require the approval of the Air Transport Licensing Authority. No fee is
charged for such permits. Application should be made in writing to:
The Secretary, Air Transport Licensing Authority
Address: Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Aviation
SOLOMON ISLANDS
PO Box G26
Honiara
Solomon Islands
The application should be lodged at least 42 days before the proposed commencement of serv-
ices and contain the following information:
a. Name and address of applicant.
b. The nature of the applicant, whether an individual, partnership, firm or corporate body, pri-
vate or public, with or without limited liability.
c. If not an individual:
1. where registered,
2. the nominal and insured capital,
3. the names and addresses of the Directors,
4. the names and addresses of any other companies holding shares in the applicant's
business, and
5. the names and addresses of any subsidiary companies of the Applicant.
d. Particulars of any financial interest which the applicant has in any other transportation busi-
ness.
e. Particulars of any working arrangements with other companies.
f. Particulars of any financial interest which any other persons or undertaking providing trans-
portation has in the applicant's business.
g. Category of service to be provided:
1. aerial work,
2. public transport (passenger),
3. public transport (mail),
4. public transport (cargo), and
5. special category operation–specify.
h. Details of the services to be provided areas and places to be served, whether seasonal or
not, rates and fares to be charged.
1. Number and types of aircraft to be used, where registered.
2. Number and classification of operating staff and types of licenses and certificates of
competence held by them.
i. The applicant's experience in providing air services and operating aircraft.
j. Date on which it is desired that the permit should commence and the period for which the
permit is required.
SOLOMON ISLANDS
k. Other information may be added by the applicant or may be requested by the Licensing
Authority.
An aircraft which possesses the nationality of a Contracting State shall not fly within, or depart
from, Solomon Islands unless it complies with the requirements of the Convention in respect of:
a. its Nationality mark and registration mark;
b. its certificate of airworthiness;
c. the number and description of, and the holding of licences and rating by the operating crew;
d. the flight and manoeuvre of aircraft, and
e. the provision of radio apparatus.
NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN AIRCRAFT NOT POSSESSING

NATIONALITY OF A CONTRACTING STATE
A foreign aircraft not being registered in a Contracting State shall not make a nonscheduled flight
over or into Solomon Islands unless such flight has been approved by Solomon Islands authori-
ties.
Applications for such aircraft to operate into or over Solomon Islands shall be made through diplo-
matic channels.
FLIGHTS BY FOREIGN STATE AIRCRAFT

State aircraft are defined as aircraft of any part of the Defence Forces, including any aircraft that
is commanded by a member of that Force in the course of his duties as such a member, and air-
craft used in the military, customs or police services of a country other than Solomon Islands.
A state aircraft shall not fly over or land in Solomon Islands except on the express invitation or
with the express permission of Solomon Islands authorities, but any aircraft so flying or landing on
such invitation or permission, shall be exempt from relevant regulations except to such extent as
is specified in the invitation or permission.

Arrival
Documentation. The pilot-in-command (or authorized agent) of an aircraft landing at a designated
international airport or Customs Airport which is the first airport of call in Solomon Islands, shall
furnish the following documents to the Customs Authorities.
a. General Declaration — 1 copy
b. Passenger Manifest — 1 copy
c. Cargo Manifest — 1 copy
d. List of Stores (viz. narcotic drugs, beer, wines, spirits and tobacco products) — 1 copy
e. Aircrew Declarations Forms — 1 copy
SOLOMON ISLANDS
Departure
Documentation. The pilot-in-command (or authorized agent) of an aircraft departing from a desig-
nated international airport or Customs Airport which is the airport of departure from Solomon
Islands, shall furnish the following documents to the customs authorities.
d. List of Stores (viz. narcotic drugs, beer, wines, spirits and tobacco products) — 2 copies
LANDING ELSEWHERE THAN AT DESIGNATED INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS

WITHIN SOLOMON ISLANDS
General
Landings at other than an international airport can be divided into three categories:
a. landings at designated alternate airports to international airports;
b. landings at designated Customs Airports;
c. landings which are made as a result of an emergency, at other than a designated alternate
or Customs airport.
Landings Made at Designated Alternates to International Airports
At present there are no designated alternate airports to international airports in Solomon Islands.
However, landings can be made at Customs Airports within the operational limit of the aircraft.
When a landing is made by an international aircraft at an airport in Solomon Islands other than at
the international airport at which the landing was scheduled to take place, the operator must
advise Honiara F.I.C. by radio that such a landing is to take place. Honiara F.I.C. will notify the
Health, Immigration and Customs Authorities at the airport at which the landing of the aircraft was
scheduled to take place, and at the airport to which the aircraft is proceeding, providing communi-
cations can be established with these airports. In the event that Honiara F.I.C. cannot establish
communications prior to the landing of the aircraft, it is the responsibility of the pilot-in-command
to report his arrival to the relevant Authorities, so that the requisite clearance procedures may be
effected.
Landing at Graciosa Bay/Gizo, Munda and Ballalae
On receipt of reasonable notice, Customs and Immigration clearance facilities are available.
Landing Made Elsewhere Than at Designated Alternate Airports
If a landing is made elsewhere than at an international airport or designated alternate airport, the
pilot-in-command shall report the landing as soon as practicable to the Health, Customs, and
Immigration Authorities at the international airport at which the landing was scheduled to take
place. This information may be passed through the Search, Aviation and Meteorological Network
(SAM) or by radio telephone to the Honiara F.I.C. for relay to the appropriate authorities.
SOLOMON ISLANDS
The pilot-in-command shall be responsible for ensuring that:

a. If pratique has not been granted to the aircraft at a previous landing, contact is avoided
between other persons and the passengers and crew;
b. cargo, baggage and mail are not removed from the aircraft except as provided below;
c. any food stuffs or plant material of overseas origin are not removed from the aircraft except
where local food is unobtainable. All food, refuse etc., must be collected and returned to the
galley refuse container, the contents of which should not be removed from the aircraft except
for reasons of hygiene, in which case they must be destroyed by burning or deep burial.
Health, Customs and Immigration authorities will determine the arrangements to be completed for
clearing the aircraft and will communicate necessary coordinated instructions to the pilot-in-com-
mand through ATS or SAM channels, or if these channels of communication are not available, by
some other means.
The pilot-in-command while waiting for the instructions from Health, Customs and Immigration, or
if he is unable to communicate with these authorities, may take such emergency measures as he
considers necessary for the health and safety of the passengers and crew, including the securing
of suitable accommodation and the avoidance or minimizing of loss or damage to property.
FEES
General
The following types of fees may be assessed:
a. Landing charges
b. Lighting charges
c. Boarding fees
d. Storage charges
e. Air navigation fees
f. Communication charges
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Ballalae (2)
Gizo (Nusatupe) (1) (2)
Graciosa Bay (Luovo) (1) (2)
Honiara (Henderson)
Munda (1) (2)
(1) Limited fuel available on prior application to Solomon Airlines.
(2) Hours: Sunrise-Sunset
TONGA
PASSPORT
Persons entering or leaving Tonga shall complete an arrival or departure card (one per person)
and must hold a passport valid on arrival for a period of at least six months.
VISA
Visas are required for all non-Tongan passport holders unless the citizen is a visitor to Tonga, sat-
isfies the conditions below and holds a valid passport from one of the following countries
Australia, Austria, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Cook Islands, Cyprus,
Denmark, Dominica, Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Fiji, Finland, France, French
Polynesian Territories (New Caledonia, Tahiti, Wallis and Futuna), Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Monaco,
Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niue, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Russian
Federation, Samoa, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Spain, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia,
St Vincent and The Grenadines, Sweden, Switzerland, The Bahamas, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine,
United Kingdom, Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Vanuatu.
Government of Tonga
Address: PO Box 352
Nuku’alofa
TONGA
Tel: (676) 26 970 or (676) 23 600
Fax: (676) 26 971 or (676) 23 360
Telex: MINPOL NUKU’ALOFA
include proof of accommodation, maintenance in Tonga, and return or onwards tickets.
HEALTH
a. Bangladesh
b. India
c. Myanmar (Burma)
d. Philippines
e. Thailand
f. Vietnam
TONGA
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over one year of age coming from
infected areas.

International flights into, from or over Tonga territory shall be subject to the current Tonga regula-
tions relating to civil aviation. These regulations correspond in all essentials to the Standards and
Recommended Practices contained in Annex 9 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.
Aircraft flying into or departing from Tonga territory shall make their first landing at, or final depar-
ture from Fua’amotu International Airport. However, Vava’u and Niuatoputapu airports may be
used as ports of entry by prior special arrangement with the Chief Executive Officer Tonga Air-
ports Limited provided notice is given not less than 48 hours in advance of the intended arrival
time.
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Prior approval is required from Chief Executive Officer, Tonga Airport Limited for any changes or
retiming of scheduled flights.

REQUIRED BY GENERAL DECLARATION PASSENGER MANIFEST CARGO MANIFEST
CUSTOMS 2 2 2
AGRICULTURE/ QUARANTINE 1 1 1
IMMIGRATION 1 1 Nil
General
Non-scheduled flights are all international flights other than scheduled air services, and include
charter, ferry, medivac/retrieval, and private flights.
The operator of an aircraft on a non-scheduled flight who intends to overfly Tonga or to use a
Tonga airport for landing shall request such permission at least 24 hours prior to departure. The
request shall be lodged and received by Director of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Infrastructure during
the official working hours. However, no such permission is required for overflights by civil aircraft
that have the nationality of an ICAO Contracting State, provided that the requirements of the
ICAO Convention on International Civil Aviation are complied with.
Information to be Supplied
The following information should be supplied with flight applications:
c. Name, address and business of charterer
TONGA

from the Tonga Foreign Affairs. Requests for such clearance should be submitted through the
normal diplomatic channels, giving a minimum of seven full working days’ notice.
Civil Aviation – Regulatory
Ministry of Infrastructure
Address: PO Box 845
Nuku’alofa
Tonga
Tel: (676) 28 024 or (676) 24 144
Fax: (676) 28 032
Telex: 66269 PRIMO TS
AFTN: NFTNYAYX
Tonga Airports Limited – Operations
Tonga Airports Limited
Fua'amotu Intl
Address: PO Box 876
Nuku'alofa
Tonga
Tel: (676) 22 608
Fax: (676) 27 942
E-Mail: vmaake@tongaairports.com
AFTN: NFTFYDYX
FEES
a. Landing Charges
b. Parking Fees (any period in excess of 3 hours)
c. Lighting Fees
d. Passenger Service Charge
TONGA
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Nuku’alofa (Fua’amotu Intl)
Vava’u
TUVALU
PASSPORT
Passports are required by all persons entering Tuvalu except those in possession of Certificates
of Identity issued by the appropriate authorities in:
British Solomon Islands

Fiji
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
These certificates of identity are accepted in lieu of passports for travel to and from the territories
listed above.
VISA
Visas are required by all aliens, except nationals of the countries with which a visa abolition
agreement has been extended to Tuvalu.
HEALTH
Persons entering the Colony are required to show proof of vaccination against smallpox, with the
exception of persons arriving directly from the countries listed below, and providing they have
been resident in those countries for a continuous period of 14 days, immediately prior to embarka-
tion for the Colony.
American Samoa
Australia
Solomon Islands
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Kiribati
Lord Howe Island
Nauru
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Niue Island
Vanuatu
TUVALU
EMBASSY INFORMATION
TUVALU’S EMBASSY IN THE UNITED STATES
Tuvalu does not maintain an embassy accredited to the United States. It may be possible to
obtain assistance from the:
Tuvalu Permanent Mission to the United Nations
Address: 800 2nd Ave, Suite 400B
New York
NY
10017
Tel: 212-490-0534
Fax: 212-808-4975
UNITED STATES’ EMBASSY IN TUVALU

There is no U.S. diplomatic post in Tuvalu. Inquiries should be directed to the:
American Embassy
Address: 31 Loftus Street
Suva
Fiji
Tel: 679-331-4466
Fax: 679-330-2267

GENERAL
All flights into, from, or over Tuvalu and landings in such territory shall be carried out in accord-
ance with the valid regulations of Tuvalu regarding civil aviation.
Aircraft landing in or departing from the territory of Tuvalu must first land at, or depart from, an
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
For regular scheduled international flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across
Tuvalu, the following requirements must be met:
a. The State of the airline must be a party to the International Air Transport Agreement.
b. The airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provisions of a bilateral or multilat-
eral agreement to which the State of the airline and the United Kingdom Government are
contracting parties, and must have a permit to operate into or in transit across Tuvalu.
Applications for such permits should be submitted to:
Secretary to Government, Office of the Prime Minister
TUVALU
Address: Private Mail Bag

Vaiaku, Funafuti
Tuvalu
Tel: 688-20102/688-20839
Fax: 688-20843/688-20820
Procedures
If an operator intends to carry out a non-scheduled flight in transit across, or make non-traffic
stops in the territory of Tuvalu, he may do so without the necessity of obtaining prior permission.
However, the attention of operators is drawn to the need for prior notification in respect of radio
navigation aids.
If an operator intents to perform a non-schedule flight into Tuvalu for the purpose of taking on or
discharging passengers, cargo, or mail he shall apply to:
Secretary to Government, Office of the Prime Minister
Address: Private Mail Bag
Vaiaku, Funafuti
Tuvalu
Tel: 688-20102/688-20839
Fax: 688-20843/688-20820
The application for permission to carry out such operations must include the following information
in the order shown hereunder:
a. Name and address of applicant;
b. Type of aircraft and registration marks;
c. Date and times of arrival at and departure from aerodromes in Tuvalu;
d. Place or places of embarkation or disembarkation, as the case may be; of passengers
and/or freight;
e. Purpose of the flight and number of passengers, and/or nature and amount of freight; and
f. Name, address and business of charterer, if any.
Normally, the time required for consideration of such applications is brief, but applicants should
make allowances for communications delays.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
The information in the flight plan is accepted as notification of the arrival of incoming aircraft,
although the normal flight plan does not meet the requirements for provision of air navigation aids.
Commanders of aircraft intending to make a flight in the private category, whether in or out of
TUVALU
Tuvalu, are advised to make an early notification which will permit radio navigation aids to be
operating for the proposed flight. For flights either into or out of Tuvalu, arrivals and departures
must be made from an international airport.
TECHNICAL STOPS
Civil aircraft on the registers of ICAO member states, engaged on private flights, or on public
transport of aerial work flights do not require permission to make a technical stop in Tuvalu, but
should give prior notice.
OTHER
Proof of sufficient funds for maintenance during stay in Tuvalu, and an onward ticket to a country
into which the visitor has right of entry. With consent of the Principal Immigration Office, a cash
bond may be laid down on arrival, in lieu of an onward ticket.
SPECIAL NOTICES
Commanders of aircraft are advised to make an early notification of flight to permit radio naviga-
tion aids to be in operation for the proposed flight.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Funafuti (Intl)
US PACIFIC TERRITORIES
See United States Entry Requirements.
UNITED STATES LANDING RIGHTS AIRPORTS

Any aircraft may land at one of the following airports after securing prior permission to
land from U.S. Customs. Additionally, at least one hour advance notice of arrival must be fur-
nished to Customs, unless otherwise noted.
AMERICAN SAMOA
Pago Pago (Intl) (24 hr PNR except for Scheduled Aircraft)
GUAM (Territory)
Andersen AFB (Guam) (PPO)
Guam (Intl)
MARSHALL ISLANDS
Kwajalein I (Bucholz AAF)
Majuro Atoll (Marshall Is Intl) (24 hours prior notice weekdays, 24 hours prior notice weekends.)
MICRONESIA (Federated States of Micronesia)
Pohnpei (Intl)
Weno I (Chuuk Intl)
Yap I (Intl)
NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
Rota I (Intl)
Saipan I (Intl) (1 hr PNR)
PALAU (Trust Territory)
Babelthuap/Koror
All unscheduled flights must file a flight plan at least 7 days prior to arrival and all flights must
contact Koror Communications on 123.6 at least 20 min prior to arrival.
Entry permit required:
011-680-488-2498
011-680-488-4385 (fax)
Landing permit required, must give 7 days notice:
011-680-488-2111
011- 680-488-3207 (fax)
VANUATU
PASSPORT AND VISA

Except as noted below, all persons entering or leaving Vanuatu must hold a valid passport, and
shall complete an arrival or departure card. Visas are not required.
TRANSIT PASSENGERS AND CREWMEMBERS

No documents are required of passengers or crewmembers arriving and departing on the same
through flight, or transferring to another flight at the same airport. These persons are not author-
ized to move outside the international airport transit area except on special authorization from the
authorities concerned.
HEALTH
coming directly from an area infected with cholera, yellow fever, plague, typhus or recurrent fever,
and includes the following countries:
– Bangladesh
– India
– Myanmar
– Philippines
– Thailand
– Vietnam
FEES
a. Landing fees.
b. Take-off and landings outside daylight hours.
c. Passenger service charges.
d. Parking charges.
e. Aircraft security service fees.
f. Air navigation charges.
Exemptions: Diplomatic aircraft, aircraft carrying out a test or training flight, aircraft engaged in
flights of humanitarian nature, including search and rescue flights, aircraft forced to land in an
emergency.

GENERAL
International flights into, from or over Vanuatu territory shall be subject to the current Vanuatu reg-
ulations relating to civil aviation. These regulations correspond in all essentials to the Standards
VANUATU
and Recommended Practices contained in Annex 9 to the Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion.
Overseas aircraft landing in or departing from Vanuatu must first land at or finally depart from an
Civil Aviation — Regulatory
Address: Private Mail Bag 9068
Port Vila
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 23 301
Fax: (678) 23 783
E-Mail: civav@vanuatu.com.vu
The postal and telegraphic addresses of the designated authorities concerned with the entry,
transit and departure of international air navigation, and for the collecting of fees therefrom, are as
follows:
Customs
Department of Customs
Address: Private mailbag 9012
Port Vila
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 24 544
Fax: (678) 22 597
Immigration
Department of Immigration
Port Vila
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 22 354
Fax: (678) 25 492
Health
Department of Health
Port Vila
VANUATU
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 22 512

Fax: (678) 26 204
Agricultural Quarantine
Vanuatu Quarantine and Inspection Service
Port Vila
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 23 519
Fax: (678) 23 185
FOREIGN CIVIL AIRCRAFT, SCHEDULED FLIGHTS

International airlines serving Vanuatu on a scheduled basis are required to hold an International
Air Services Licence or an Open Aviation Market Licence. The CAAV is the licensing authority for
foreign international airlines. Part 10 of the Civil Aviation Act No. 16 of 1999 and CAR Part 129
detail the provisions under which a scheduled international air service by a foreign operator to,
from, or in transit through Vanuatu is required to operate.
FOREIGN CIVIL AIRCRAFT, NON-SCHEDULED FLIGHTS

Non-scheduled flights are all international flights other than scheduled air services, and include
charter, ferry, medevac/retrieval, and private flights.
Under Part 10 of the Civil Aviation Act No. 16 of 1999, commercial non-scheduled flights (non-
scheduled flights engaged in the carriage of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire
between Vanuatu and any other country or territory, but excluding medical-related flights), may be
operated only as authorized by the CAAV and in accordance with such conditions as the CAAV
may impose.
Operators of civil aircraft registered in states party to the Convention on International Civil Avia-
tion desiring to make non-scheduled flights in transit across Vanuatu or to land in Vanuatu for
non-commercial purposes are required to get flight approval from Airports Vanuatu Limited.
An international flight plan will not be accepted as adequate notice. Aircraft arriving outside pub-
lished opening hours at a Customs airport will be charged for attendance by officers at the pre-
scribed regulated hourly rate and for any associated expenses.
Applications for non-scheduled commercial flights, which must be from the operator (not the char-
terer), may be made directly to Airports Vanuatu Limited. If, however, the aircraft is not registered
in a state party to the ICAO Convention, the application should be submitted through the aviation
authority of the State of Registry.
For preliminary inquiries, particularly in relation to a series of flights, operators and/or charterers
should contact Airports Vanuatu Limited.
Applications and notice of flights should be addressed to:
Airports Vanuatu Limited
VANUATU
Address: PO Box 131

Port Vila
VANUATU
Tel: (678) 24 740
Fax: (678) 24 459 (ATS)
E-Mail: ats@airports.vu
AFS: NVVVZTZX
In order to avoid delay and inconvenience, flight applications should be made as early as possi-
ble.
The pilot of an aircraft on an unscheduled flight who intends to overfly Vanuatu or to use a
Vanuatu airport for landing (including the nomination of a Vanuatu airport as an alternate) shall
request such permission from ATS (ats@airports.vu), Tel 678–24 740 or Fax 678–24 459 prior to
departure and include the following information:
a. Name and address of the aircraft operator;
b. Type and registration marks of the aircraft;
c. Name, address and business of charterer;
d. Proposed date and place of origin of flight;
e. Routes, including dates and times of arrival and departure;
f. Number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight;
g. Purpose of flight; and
h. Ground handling agent (if known).
However, no such permission is required for flights that fall into the following categories:
with; or
b. Flights that require Port Vila/Bauerfield or Santo/Pekoa as an alternate aerodrome provided
the flight already has the authority to operate in Vanuatu and the ETA at the alternate is
within the operating hours of the airport concerned.
from the Department of Foreign Affairs. Requests for such clearance should be submitted through
the normal diplomatic channels giving a minimum of 3 full working days’ notice.

It is necessary that the aircraft documents shown in the following table be submitted by airline
operators for clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from Vanuatu. All docu-
ments listed below must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in the relevant appendices
VANUATU
to ICAO Annex 9 and are acceptable when furnished in English in legible handwriting. No visas
are required in connection with such documents.

Customs 1 1 1
Immigration 1
Agriculture/Quarantine 1 1
NOTE:
– One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying clear-
ance.
– If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no aircraft
documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the above authori-
ties.
– 3 copies of the Cargo Manifest need to be submitted in case of a transfer at Port Vila for San-
to or vice versa.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Port Vila/Bauerfield, Efate Island
Santo/Pekoa, Espiritu Santo Island
Tanna/Whitegrass, Tanna Island
Entry Requirements

East
CAMBODIA
PASSPORT AND VISA

flight or transferring to another flight provided they do not leave the transit area.
Tourist and business visas are issued on arrival to holders of valid passports. Visitors must pos-
sess onward tickets, the right of entry to their next destination, and sufficient funds to cover their
stay.
Flight crews on scheduled services may present their airline security badge in lieu of a passport
or visa for temporary admission into the Kingdom of Cambodia provided:
a. their company uniform and identification cards are worn when embarking and disembarking;
b. they remain at the airport where the aircraft has stopped or within the confines of the adja-
cent city; and
c. depart on the same aircraft or on their next regularly scheduled flight out of the Kingdom of
Cambodia.
Embarking passengers will be required to submit an immigration departure form and pay a pas-
senger service charge.
Baggage and articles belonging to disembarking passengers and crew are immediately released
except for those selected by the customs authorities for inspection. Such baggage will be cleared
based on the submission of a written declaration form.
It is not illegal to carry large amounts of money into the Kingdom of Cambodia, however, amounts
in excess of the equivalent of $10,000 US must be declared.
The following items require import licenses from the appropriate authority:
a. Live animals – apply to Ministry of Agriculture;
NOTE: Dogs and Cats must be accompanied by Veterinarian Good Health and Rabies Inoc-
ulation Certificates issued at the port of origin.
b. Arms, ammunition and fireworks – apply to Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Foreign
Affairs;
c. Gold in whatever form including jewelry – apply to Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy.
HEALTH
Health Certificates are required of disembarking passengers. Vaccinations against yellow fever
are required if arriving within 6 days from an infected area.
No health formalities are required on departure.
CAMBODIA

GENERAL
International flights into, from or over the Kingdom of Cambodia shall be subject to the current
Cambodian regulations relating to civil aviation. The regulations correspond in all essentials to the
Standards and Recommended Practices contained in Annex 9 to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation.
Aircraft flying into or departing from the Kingdom of Cambodia shall make their first landing at, or
final departure from, an international airport.
State Secretariat of Civil Aviation
Address: 62 Norodom Blvd.
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tel: 855–23–224258
Fax: 855–23–426169/224259/427141
SITA: PNHCAYA
AFTN: VDPPYAYC
Customs
Ministry of Finance
Address: Department of Customs
Pochentong Airport
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tel: 855-15-920637/17-201595/15-915793
Health
Ministry of Health
Address: No. 151/153 Kampuchea Krom Blvd.
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tel: 855-23-426841
Fax: 855-23-426841
CAMBODIA
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
Regular international scheduled flights into or in transit across the Kingdom of Cambodia must
comply with the following requirements:
The airline must be eligible to conduct such flights under the provisions of a bilateral or multilat-
eral agreement to which the state of the airline and the Kingdom of Cambodia are contracting par-
ties, and must have a permit to operate into or in transit across the Kingdom of Cambodia. Sched-
uled commercial and other technical flights should submit an application to the State Secretariat
of Civil Aviation, Air Navigation Standard and Safety Department, in the address noted above.
The following documents must be submitted to the appropriate agencies for clearance on entry
and departure. All documents listed below must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in
Annex 9, and are acceptable when furnished in English and completed in legible handwriting.
No visas are required in connection with such documents.

Immigration 1 1 1
Customs 1 1 1
Health 1 1
Aircraft entry requirements include: Certificate of Registration; Certificate of Airworthiness; Aircraft

radio station license; certificate of radio installation; aircraft insurance documents; seating
capacity and maximum take-off weights (MTOW).
Private and non-scheduled commercial flights should apply for permission at least 15 working
days in advance directly to the State Secretariat of Civil Aviation at the address noted above.
Foreign flights carrying Heads of State or special delegations to visit the Kingdom of Cambodia,
and foreign military flights and military charter flights intending to operate within the airspace of
the Kingdom of Cambodia should apply for permission to the Royal Government of Cambodia,
Ministry of Foreign Affairs at least 7 days in advance, or to the Royal Cambodian Embassies or
consulates abroad at least 10 days in advance. One copy should be addressed to the State Sec-
retariat of Civil Aviation at the address noted above.
All requests must include the following information in the order shown:
a. Name, address and nationality of owner;
b. Nationality, type and registration marks of the aircraft and the radio call sign to be used, if
any;
c. Name of pilot and names of crew members
CAMBODIA
d. Purpose of flight;
e. Complete route of flight, including intermediate stops from point of origin to final destination;
f. Names and nationalities of passengers; and
g. Type and amount of cargo.
Additionally, prior permission must be obtained independently from the State Secretariat of
Civil Aviation, Flight Operations Department .
CUSTOMS REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING CARGO AND OTHER ARTICLES

A customs declaration is required for the clearance of goods through customs. No advance notifi-
cation is required, but the documents must accompany the shipment.
All air cargo shipments are free of consular formalities and charges.
Air cargo being transhipped from one flight to another at the same airport must be transferred
under customs supervision, and a copy of the cargo manifest must be furnished to the customs
officer.
No clearance documents are required with respect to goods retained on board an aircraft for
onward carriage to a destination outside of the Kingdom of Cambodia.
Export licenses are required for such items as arms, ammunition, gems and ores of any kind.
AERODROME / NAVIGATION CHARGES

a. Landing fees;
b. Parking fees;
c. Air navigation charges;
d. Passenger service charges;
e. Traffic right charges (for foreign aircraft operating without reciprocal flights of any Cambodian
airlines);
f. Ground handling fees.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Phnom Penh (Pochentong Intl)
Siem Reap
JAPAN
PASSPORT
Required.
VISA
Required except for crew members or passengers on through flights or departing on the next
scheduled flight.

SCHEDULED
General
Scheduled, commercial flights must obtain permission of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport.
Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
Address: No. 1-3, 2-chome
Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo
Japan
Tel: 03-5253-8111
AFTN: RJTDYAYX
KOKUKYOKU, TOKYO (Commercial)
The following items must be submitted in duplicate at least three months prior to the proposed
date of commencement of operation:
a. Name, address and nationality;
b. Names and nationalities of the representatives and officers;
c. Name and location of main office and other business premises in Japan;
d. Ownership amounts and ratios by nationality of investors and by state, public entity or private
person;
e. Purpose of business and scheduled date of commencement of operation;
f. Outline of any air transport already operated by applicant, if any;
g. Business program, to include: routes, number, type, and registration of aircraft, schedule,
maintenance operation;
h. The following exhibits: licenses issued by home state, articles of incorporation (if applicable),
financial documents, and conditions of carriage.
JAPAN
Non-commercial or Private Flights
Foreign aircraft of ICAO contracting states need not obtain permission to carry out non-commer-
cial or private flights into or over the territory of Japan provided such flights follow airways desig-
nated by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Flights not over approved airways
must submit an application for permission to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ten
days prior to the date of intended flight.
Foreign aircraft of states not a contracting state of ICAO, desiring to make a non-commercial or
private flight into or over the territory of Japan must submit an application for permission to the
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ten days before the flight whether or not flight is
intended along approved airways.
An aircraft, of whatever nationality, used by a foreign state, public entity or the equivalent thereof,
must submit an application for permission to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ten
days prior to any intended flight into or over the territory of Japan, whether or not flight is intended
along approved airways.
Commercial Flights
Foreign aircraft of ICAO contracting states need not obtain permission to carry out flights in transit
over or with non-traffic stops in the territory of Japan provided such flights follow airways designa-
ted by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Flights not over approved airways must
submit an application for permission to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ten days
prior to the date of intended flight.
Foreign aircraft of states not a contracting state of ICAO, desiring to make flights in transit over or
with non-traffic stops in the territory of Japan must submit an application for permission to the
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ten days before the flight whether or not flight is
intended along approved airways.
Foreign aircraft of any nation desiring to make traffic stops in Japan must submit an application
for permission to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport at least ten days prior to pro-
posed date of flight if the owner/operator has offices or agents in Japan, or at least thirty days
otherwise.
For non-scheduled, non-commercial and private flights or commercial flights in transit, the follow-
ing items must be submitted in duplicate to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport:
a. Name, address and nationality
b. Nationality, type, registration markings of aircraft, and call sign of aircraft
c. Route of flight, stops, and schedule of flight
d. Purpose of flight
e. Name of pilot-in-command, names and qualifications of crew
f. Names and nationalities of passengers and purpose of trip
g. Description of cargo.
JAPAN
For non-scheduled, commercial aircraft making traffic stops, the following items must be submit-
ted in duplicate to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport:
a. Name, address and nationality
b. Nationality, type, registration markings of aircraft, and call sign of aircraft
c. Name of pilot-in-command, names and qualifications of crew
d. Reasons for the necessity of said transportation
e. Names and nationalities of passengers to be carried for remuneration
f. Description and quantity of cargo (to include owner of cargo) carried for remuneration
g. Classification and amount of fares, rates or charges of passengers or freight
h. Route of flight (indicating intermediate stops), and flight sections and schedule intended for
transportation of passengers or flight for remuneration
i. Name and address of the office or agent in Japan (if applicable).
FEES
The following types of fees may be assessed at airports built and managed by the Minister of
Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Calculations include aircraft weight, noise levels, or passenger
count and are payable in Japanese currency without delay.
a. Landing
b. Parking
c. Passenger security or special charges
d. Consumption Tax
e. Test/Training Flight charge
Operators of aircraft landing at an airport inside of Japan or overflying Japanese flight information
regions (FIRs) shall pay Air Navigational Aids Fee.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
a. International Airports – Customs and Immigration Hours
Chubu Centrair Intl – H24

Kansai Intl – H24
Narita Intl – H24
Osaka Intl – NIL
Tokyo Intl – H24
b. Other Aerodromes for use by International Commercial Air Transports – Customs and Immi-
grations Hours
JAPAN
Fukuoka – 2330-1100Z
Hakodate – 2230-1130Z
Kagoshima – Customs 2330-0800Z T, Fr; 2330-1000Z M, Th; 2330-1100Z W; 0030-0430Z Sat.
Immigration 2330-0800Z M-Fr; 2330-0300Z Sat
Kumamoto – 2330-0800Z M-Fri, 2330-0330Z Sat
Nagasaki – 2330-0800Z M-Fri, 2330-0330Z Sat
Naha – H24
New Chitose – 2330-0800Z
Niigata – 2330-0800 W, Th, Fri; Other times On Request H24
Sendai – 2330-0800Z M-Fri; 2330-0330Z Sat
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
PASSPORT AND VISA

Any foreigner desiring to enter the Republic of Korea must hold a valid passport satisfactorily
establishing identity and nationality or citizenship and a valid visa issued by the Minister of Jus-
tice; except nation of the state under visa Waiver Agreement with the Republic of Korea; and is
required to offer the standard Entry/Departure card to the immigration officer at the airport of
entry.
Nationals of the countries designated by the Minister of Justice are admitted to enter the Republic
of Korea without a visa within the scope of 30 days, in case they want to visit Korea for pleasure
or transit.
A registered foreigner desiring to leave Republic of Korea and return prior to the expiration of his
or her authorized period of stay may apply at the District Immigration Office or the airport Immi-
gration Office for a re-entry permit.
PUBLIC HEALTH REQUIREMENTS

Quarantine procedure (vaccination or revaccination requirements and etc) of flight crew and pas-
sengers
a. Travelers (including crewmembers) having symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal
pain, fever, cough, respiratory symptoms, shortness of breath must report to National Quar-
antine Stations. If symptoms appear after arriving home, the traveler must report to a public
health center.
b. All travelers (including crew members) entering into the Republic of Korea from contamina-
ted area of quarantinable communicable diseases must submit Health Questionnaire.
c. Under article 12 and article 39 of the Quarantine Law, noncompliance or false reporting
regarding the Health Questionnaire is subject to a punishment of up to 1 year in prison or a
fine of up to 10 million Korean Won.
d. Quarantine stations administer and issue certificates for yellow fever and cholera vaccines.
QUARANTINE MEASURES APPLIED TO AIRCRAFT

General Aircraft quarantine measures
Upon arrival, the plane captain (or crew chief) should check General Declaration (outward/
inward), Crew and Passengers List, Declaration of Health prior to the release of passengers, and
cooperate in doing health inspections regarding in-flight facilities and meals.
Disinfection Procedures
Review of need for disinfection prior to arrival is not required and after arrival, flight crew and pas-
sengers may get off of plane before disinfection process.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF

GENERAL
All flights into, from or over the territory of the Republic of Korea and adjacent waters and land-
ings in such territory shall be carried out in accordance with the valid regulations of the Republic
of Korea regarding civil aviation. International flights must first land at or finally depart from a des-
ignated international airport.
All flights operating over the territory and adjacent water there of shall file flight plan to the
Incheon ACC prior to the intended flights.
Civil Aviation
Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs
Address: Golden Tower 3 floor
Byeoryangsangga1-ro 30
Gwacheon-si
Gyeonggi-do, 427-822
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-2-2669-6428
Fax: 82-2-6342-7289
E-Mail: aisd@mitm.go.kr
Internet: http://www.mltm.go.kr
AFS: RKSLYAYX
Customs
Inspection Division
Korea Customs Service (KCS)
Address: Building 1
Government Complex Daejeon
189 Cheongsa-ro
Seo-gu
Daejeon 302-701
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-42-481-7834
Fax: 82-42-481-7839
Health
Division of Quarantine Support
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention

Address: Osong Health Technology Administration Complex
187 Osongseangmyung2-ro, Osong-eup
Cheongwon-gun
Chungchengbuk-do, 363-951
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-43-719-7143~7150
Fax: 82-43-719-7159
Internet: http://www.cdc.go.kr
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Any foreign operator who wishes to operate a scheduled international air transport business shall
submit an Application for Foreign International Air Transport Business Permission to the Interna-
tional Air Transport Division (Telephone: 82-2-2110-8764), Ministry of Land, Transport and Mari-
time Affairs, at least 60 days before the intended date of operation.
The applicant shall submit the application with the following items attached:
a. Document explaining the purpose of the operation of the said international air transport busi-
ness;
b. Detailed list of capital, investors and their nationality and ratio of investment from govern-
ment, public organizations, juridical entities, and private investors;
c. Document containing summary of air transportation business which is being operated by the
applicant at the time of application;
d. Business Plans, including each of the following items:
1. Departure point, ports of call, Destination, and distance between points of the route;
2. Number of aircraft expected to be used, nationality and registration mark, type, and
identification (flight number) of each aircraft;
3. Frequency of service and flight schedule; and
4. Outline of maintenance facilities and operation management facilities;
e. A copy of the air transportation business license for the route concerned issued by the state
to which the applicant belong;
f. A copy of the Article of Corporation of the juridical entity and its translation (only applicable to
juridical entities);
g. A copy of the most recent Statement of Profits and Losses and Balance Sheet;
h. A copy of the Operation Clause and its translation; and
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
i. An Operations Manual and a Maintenance Control Manual approved by the government in

question in accordance with the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Annex 6 (Opera-
tion of Aircraft).
Commercial Flights (Charter)
Any foreign operator who wishes to operate a non-scheduled commercial international flight with
an aircraft which is registered in a foreign state shall submit an Application for Foreign Non-
scheduled International Air Transport Permission to the International Air Transport Division (Tele-
phone: 82-2-2110-8764), Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, at least 10 days (in
case of military airport: 16 days) before the intended date of operation.
The applicant shall submit the application with a document containing the following items:
a. Aircraft
1. Nationality and name of the operator;
2. Nationality and registration mark;
3. Aircraft type; and
4. Identification (Flight number).
b. Routes of flight, date and time
1. Routes of flight;
2. Date and time of operation; and
3. Segments of revenue flight.
c. Purpose of the transport;
d. Name of the pilot-in-command and number of flight crews;
e. Name and nationality of passengers, or item and number/weight of cargoes;
f. Type and amount of fare; and
g. Other items determined by the Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs.
Non-Commercial or Private Flights
Any foreign operator who wishes to operate a non-commercial or private international flight with
an aircraft which is registered in a foreign state shall submit an application to the Administrator of
Regional Aviation Administration, Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime, at least 2 days (in
case of military airport: 16 days) before the intended date of operation.
The applicant shall submit the application with a document containing the following items:
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
a. Name, address and nationality of the operator;

b. Nationality and registration mark, type, and identification (flight number) of the aircraft;
c. Route of flight (airport of call shall be clearly listed), and date and time of flight;
e. Name of pilot-in-command and name and qualifications of crew members;
f. Name and nationality of passengers and purpose of travel; and
g. Cargo manifest.
State Aircraft
Any person who wishes to operate a foreign State Aircraft shall submit an application to the
Administrator of Regional Aviation Administration, Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime
Affairs, at least 2 days (in case of military airport: 16 days) before the intended date of operation,
through the diplomatic channel.
Overflights
Any foreign operator who wishes to operate a commercial, non-commercial or private overflight
with an aircraft which is registered in a foreign state shall submit an application to the Air Traffic
Center (Telephone: 82-32-880-0252, FAX: 82-32-889-5906, AFTN: RKRRZQZX), Ministry of
Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, at least 2 days before the intended date of overflight.
Same as NON-COMMERCIAL OR PRIVATE FLIGHTS.
FEES
The following types of charges may be assessed:
a. Landing;
b. Passenger service;
c. Parking;
d. Lighting;
e. Air navigation facility charges.
Charges are payable at the time of using the aerodrome, or in the case of approved regular user,
by the last day of month following the month in which the charges actually accrued.
Further information may be obtained from:
AIRPORT CHARGES
a. Incheon INTL Airport
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Accounting Team, Incheon INTL Airport Corporation

Address: 47 Gonghang-ro 424 beon-gil
Jung-gu
Incheon, 400-700
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-32-741-2372
Fax: 82-32-741-2660
b. Other Airports including Gimpo, Jeju, Gimhae, Cheongju, Yangyang, Daegu
General Manager, Korea Airports Corporation
Address: 78 Haneul-gil
Gangseo-gu
Seoul 157-711
Republic of Korea
Tel: 82-2-2660-2274~5
Fax: 82-2-2660-2277
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Cheongju
Daegu
Gimhae
Gimpo
Incheon
Jeju
Yangyang
Muan
LAOS
PASSPORT AND VISA

All persons entering LAO PDR for the purpose of immigration must hold a valid passport and an
Entry Visa, the latter being issued at the LAO PDR consulates abroad.
flight or transferring to another flight at the Vientiane (Wattay International Airport).
The pilot-in-command of every aircraft arriving at the Vientiane (Wattay International Airport) for
disembarking passengers, cargo or mail is required to provide the Immigration Officer at the air-
port:
On Arrival With
a. inward crew and passenger manifest in duplicate, (ICAO Format acceptable)
b. disembarkation card in respect of each passenger (ICAO Format).
Prior to Departure With

a. outward crew and passenger manifest in duplicate, (ICAO Format acceptable)
b. embarkation card in respect of each passenger (ICAO Format).
Entry visas are not required from the crew of aircraft during its stay at the airport, if in possession
of a valid crew license or crew members certificates or passports.
Entry Visas are not required from children under 12 years of age, if their particulars are included
in the travel document of an accompanying parent, and if such parent is in possession of a visa,
except where such parent has been exempted from the requirement of having a visa.
Transit passengers arriving at Vientiane (Wattay International Airport) with the intention of enter-
ing LAO PDR prior to continuing journey by a subsequent flight must hold a valid passport and
Entry Visa issued at a LAO PDR consulate abroad.
When the onward flight of a transit or a transfer passenger is subject to delay due to unforeseen
circumstances resulting from technical, traffic or weather commitments, such passenger may be
permitted to enter LAO PDR and remain therein until the departure of flight, even though he or
she is not in possession of an immigration visa, provided:
a. such passenger holds a valid passport
b. the Laos Aviation staff accept the responsibility in writing to produce the passenger when the
onward flight is ready for departure, or when a substitute aircraft is ready for departure.
HEALTH
Disembarking passengers are not required to present vaccination certificate except when coming
directly from an area infected with cholera or yellow-fever as declared so by the WHO.

Public Health measures applied are in conformity with the International Sanitary Regulations.
LAOS
EMBASSY INFORMATION
LAOS’ EMBASSY IN THE UNITED STATES
Embassy of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Address: 2222 S Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C.
20008
Tel: (202) 332-6416
Fax: (202) 332-4923
UNITED STATES’ EMBASSY IN LAOS

United States Embassy
Address: 19 Rue Bartholonie Vientiane Lao PDR
Tel: (856-21) 213966
Fax: (856-21) 213045

GENERAL
a. All flights into, from or over the territory of LAO PDR and landings in such territory shall be
carried out in accordance with the valid regulations of the Directorate of Civil Aviation.
b. Aircraft landing in or departing from the territory of LAO PDR must first land at or finally
depart from the Vientiane International Airport/Wattay.
Customs
Customs Service
Address: International Airport
Wattay
Vientiane
LAO PDR
Immigration
Immigration Service
Wattay
Vientiane
LAO PDR
Health
Health Service
LAOS

Wattay
Vientiane
LAO PDR
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across LAO
PDR, the following requirements must be met:
a. the State of the airline must be a party to a bilateral or multilateral agreement entered into
with the Government of LAO PDR, and the airline must be eligible to make the flights under
the provisions of such agreement.
b. a special authorization must be obtained by the airline concerned from the appropriate
Authority of LAO PDR to operate a series of flights on a scheduled basis.
c. in case of authorized flights described above, a flight plan must be submitted to VLVTZPZX,
1. two hours in advance of the arrival, or one hour in advance of entry into Vientiane FIR,
in case of an arriving aircraft, and
2. one hour in advance of departure in case of departing aircraft.
It is necessary that the undermentioned aircraft documents be submitted by airline operators for
clearance on entry and departure of their aircraft to and from LAO PDR. All documents listed
below must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in relevant Appendices to Annex 9 and
are acceptable when furnished in English or French and completed in legible handwriting. No
visas are required in connection with such documents.
Aircraft Documents Required (Arrival/Departure)

Arrival

Customs 1 3 3
Police 1 2 -
Airport Flt
Operations 3 7 6
LAOS
Departure

Customs 1 3 2
Police 1 2 -
Airport Flt
Operations 4 7 6
NOTE:
a. One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs signifying clear-
ance.
b. If no passengers are embarking or disembarking and no articles are laden or unladen, no air-
craft documents except copies of General Declaration need to be submitted to the above
mentioned authorities.
Procedures
If an operator intends to carry out a non-scheduled flight in transit across or making non-traffic
stop in the territory of LAO PDR, or, if an operator intends to carry out a non-scheduled flight for
the purpose of taking on or discharging passengers, cargo or mail, he/she shall apply to:
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Address: Vientiane
LAO PDR
for permission to carry out such operations not less than 15 days in advance of the aircraft’s
intended date of operation.
This application must be made through the appropriate diplomatic channels with copy to:
Directorate of Civil Aviation
Address: 2 Pangkham Street
P.O. Box 119
Vientiane
LAO PDR
and must include the following information in the order shown hereunder:
a. name of operator
b. type of aircraft, registration marks and radio call sign
c. date and time of arrival at Vientiane International Airport
d. date and time of departure
LAOS
e. name of pilot-in-command and number of crew members

f. place or places of embarkation or disembarkation abroad of passengers and/or freight
g. purpose of flight and number of passengers and/or nature and amount of freight
h. name, address and business of charterer/consignee.
If the operator has entered into a bilateral or multilateral agreement with LAO PDR for the opera-
tion of aircraft into the territory of LAO PDR on a scheduled basis, the application for permission
to carry out such additional flight may be made in written form directly to:
Directorate of Civil Aviation
Address: 2, Pangkham Street
P.O. Box 119
Vientiane
LAO PDR
or to VLAOYAYX by a message routed via AFTN.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
CUSTOMS
An aircraft arriving in the territory of LAO PDR shall land first at the Vientiane (Wattay Interna-
tional Airport) for customs purposes.
On arrival the pilot-in-command of the aircraft shall deliver to the Customs Officer at the airport:
a. a manifest in duplicate from each port of call during the particular journey of the cargo and
stores carried in the aircraft;
b. a manifest in duplicate of the passengers carried in the aircraft;
c. the clearance issued at the last port of call on the General Declaration Form.
Baggage or articles belonging to disembarking passengers and crew are immediately released
except for those selected by the Customs authorities for inspection. Such baggage will be cleared
on the basis of oral declaration.
An aircraft departing from the territory of LAO PDR shall depart from the Vientiane (Wattay Inter-
national Airport) for customs purposes.
Prior to departure, the Airport Operations Officer of the airline shall deliver to the Customs Officer
at the airport:
a. a manifest in duplicate of cargo and stores carried on the aircraft;
b. a manifest in duplicate of the passengers carried in the aircraft;
LAOS
c. Passenger Baggage Declaration.

Prior to departure, the pilot shall obtain the endorsement of Customs on the General Declaration
Form.
LANDING MADE ELSEWHERE THAN AT ALTERNATE AIRPORTS

If a landing is made elsewhere than at the international airport or a designated alternate airport,
the pilot-in-command shall report the landing as soon as practicable to the health, customs and
immigration authorities at the international airport at which the landing was scheduled to take
place. The notification may be made through any available communication link or by telegram.
FEES
GENERAL
The charges set out apply to all aerodromes administered by the Directorate of Civil Aviation.
a. Landing Charges;
b. Parking Fees;
c. Passenger charges;
d. Radio Facility Charges;
e. Enroute Navigation Charges;
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Vientiane (Wattay Intl)
MYANMAR
PASSPORT AND VISA

Persons wishing to enter Myanmar must be in possession of a valid passport and visa, except for:
a. Transit passengers arriving and departing on the same through flight, provided they do not
leave the airport transit lounge; and
b. Flight crewmembers on a scheduled or nonscheduled service, provided they retain in their
possession their license when embarking/disembarking, remain at the airport, and depart on
the same aircraft.
OTHER DOCUMENTS REQUIRED

a. An embarkation/disembarkation (E/D) card is required in duplicate from all arriving passen-
gers.
b. A currency declaration form in duplicate is required from all arriving passengers. One stam-
ped copy is returned to the visitor, and it is essential that this form be retained and produced
on departure. Each visitor must have in their possession currency of U.S. $200.00 minimum,
or its equivalent, for one weeks stay, and the currency or a record of its conversion on the
currency declaration form must be produced on departure.
HEALTH
Certificates of vaccination against smallpox and yellow fever are required of persons who, within
the preceding 14 days (in the case of smallpox) or 6 days (in the case of yellow fever) prior to
arrival in Myanmar, have been in an infected area.
NOTE: The countries and territories which were included in the former endemic zones, as well as
any other country/territory in which yellow fever occurs, are regarded as infected areas.

GENERAL
All flights into, from or over the territory of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and landings in
such territory, shall be carried out in accordance with the valid regulations of the Republic of the
Union of Myanmar regarding civil aviation.
Aircraft landing in or departing from the territory of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar must
first land at or finally depart from an international airport.
Yangon International Airport
Address: Department of Civil Aviation
D.C.A Building
Yangon
Myanmar
MYANMAR
11021
Tel: 95 1 665637
Fax: 95 1 665124
E-Mail: dca.myanmar@mptmail.net.mm
AFTN: VYYYYAYX
Aeronautical Information Services
Address: Aeronautical Information Services (AIS)
ATC Operations Building
Yangon
Myanmar
11021
Tel: AIS HQ: 95 1 663814 - ext 257
Notam Office: 95 1 663814 - ext 238
Fax: AIS HQ: 95 1 665124
AFTN: AIS HQ: VYYYYOYX
Notam Office: VYYYYNYX
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across
Myanmar, the following requirements must be met:
a. The State of the airline must be a party to the International Air Services Transit Agreement
and/or the International Air Transport Agreement. Myanmar is a member of ICAO.
b. The airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provisions of a bilateral or multilat-
eral agreement to which the state of the airline and Myanmar are contracting parties, and
must have a permit to operate into or in transit across Myanmar. Applications must be sub-
mitted to the:
Director General
Address: Department of Civil Aviation
D.C.A Building
Yangon
Myanmar
11021
Tel: 95 1 665637/663838
Fax: 95 1 665124
E-Mail: dca.myanmar@mptmail.net.mm
MYANMAR
AFTN: VYYYYAYX
of their aircraft to/from Myanmar. All documents must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth
in the relevant appendices to Annex 9, and are acceptable when furnished in English, French,
Spanish or Russian and completed in legible handwriting. No visas are required in connection
with such documents.

Customs 2 6 2
Immigration 2 3 —
Health 1* 1 1
* Arriving and transit aircraft only.
ance.
b. If no passengers are embarking (disembarking) and no articles are laden (unladen), no air-
craft documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the authori-
ties.
If an operator intends to perform a (series of) nonscheduled flight(s) into Myanmar for the purpose
of overflying or taking on or discharging passengers, cargo, or mail, he shall apply to the Director
General for permission to carry out such operations not less than 14 (7 days for overflights) in
advance of the intended landing.
Director General
Address: Department Of Civil Aviation
Mingaladon
Yangon
PC 11021
Fax: 951 665124
AFTN: VYYYYAYX
The application must include information in the following order:
a. Name of the operator and the mailing / billing address;
b. Type of aircraft and registration marks;
MYANMAR
c. Full itinerary on schedule including point of departure, point of destination, date and time of
overflight;
d. Purpose of overflight (Passenger or Cargo) or freight, if Cargo and freight, to declare of
Cargo / freight;
e. Consignee / consignor or charterer;
f. Fax number, SITA address, AFTN address, contact person.
g. Local sponsor’s name and address.
h. Landing permission is to be requested 14 days in advance.
i. If passenger-charter flights, list names and nationality of passengers.
j. If cargo-charter flight, type and nature of cargo is to be declared together with consignee/
consignor.
Items g-j only for landing flights.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
The requirements for private flights are the same as for nonscheduled flights making nontraffic
stops, as detailed above.
SPECIAL NOTICES
Besides a Customs Baggage Declaration, a CR.193 form (in duplicate) is required from all visitors
entering the Republic of the Union of Myanmar on which they should declare all jewelry and other
dutiable articles. A copy of the CR.193 will be forwarded to the passenger after Customs inspec-
tion, and it is essential the form be retained for production to Customs officials on departure from
Myanmar, together with the articles declared thereof. Oral Customs Declaration is not acceptable.
Unaccompanied, rush tag, lost and found baggage, enroute, shall be declared on the Customs
baggage declaration form.
Printed materials, seditious literatures, obscene pictures, arts, magazines etc. considered to be
against the public interest, and recorded tapes, cassette tapes etc., will be forwarded to the Police
Department (Special Branch) for clearance.
Customs inspection of baggage is made on departure when the duplicate of the inwards customs
form must be produced and all items entered thereon must be produced.
Personal souvenirs such as Myanmar handicraft carried in passengers baggage do not require
permission of the Department of Archaeology, provided they are not antiques.
The following items are prohibited from entering Myanmar:
a. Counterfeit coins and currencies
b. Pornographic articles
MYANMAR
c. All kinds of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances

d. Playing cards
e. Goods bearing the imprint or reproduction of the flag of the Republic of the Union of Myan-
mar
f. Goods bearing the Emblem of Buddha or pagodas of Myanmar
g. Toy guns and remote controlled toys
flight provided they do not leave the transit lounge.
a. Persons wishing to enter Myanmar for the purpose of immigration must first consult Myan-
mar Embassy abroad where they will receive the necessary information.
b. A re-entry visa is required for resident aliens returning from abroad.
c. Temporary visitors must be in possession of a valid passport and an entrance visa obtained
from Myanmar Embassy abroad.
d. Normally, a visitor’s visa is limited to 28 days and is not issued or extendable in Myanmar.
e. Children of 7 years and above, coming in on their parent’s passport, require a separate entry
visa. For children under 7 years of age, a separate entry visa is not required but the child’s
name must be entered in the parent’s passport and also mentioned in the parent’s entry visa.
f. A child under 7 years of age who holds a separate passport must have an entry visa.
g. A disembarkation card is required from all passport holders.
h. The care and custody of any person refused entry into Myanmar under these regulations
remains the responsibility of the carrier until he/she is transported from Myanmar territory.
A flight crew member on a scheduled or non-scheduled service who retains his license in his pos-
session when embarking and disembarking and remains at the airport where the aircraft has stop-
ped, and departs on the same aircraft does not require a valid passport and visitor’s visa.
A Foreign Exchange Declaration Form (FED Form) is required from all arriving passengers except
that only one declaration need be made by the head of a household. One stamped copy is
returned to the visitor departure. Currency and traveler’s cheque may be changed at official
money changers only and each transaction must be recorded on the form. Each visitor must have
in his possession currency or traveler’s cheque to the value of US $200 or its equivalent for 1
week stay and produce the currency or a record of its conversion on the currency declaration form
when departing. Importation or export of Myanmar currency is totally prohibited.
FEES
a. Landing Fees
b. Parking Charges
c. Passenger Service Charge
MYANMAR
d. Air Navigation Service Charge
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Mandalay
Yangon
Customs clearance also may be available at:
Bagan Kengtung Myeik
Banmaw Kyaukpyu Myitkyina
Dawei Lashio Namsang
Heho Loikaw Sittwe
Kalay Magway Tachileik
Kanti Mawlamyine Taungoo
Kawthoung Monghsat Thandwe
SINGAPORE
PASSPORT AND VISA

All passengers are required to present themselves with their travel documents for examination,
and endorsements (if necessary). Every passenger must fill in a Disembarkation/Embarkation
form (including one for each child) except Singaporeans and Permanent Residents. Any person
entering Singapore from a place outside Singapore and any person leaving Singapore for a place
outside Singapore shall if required to do so, produce to an immigration officer a valid passport or
a valid travel document recognized by the Government of Singapore (in the case of an alien, a
visa for Singapore where such a visa is required), except:
a. A member of the Singapore Armed Forces traveling on duty;
b. A member of such Visiting Forces as the Minister may determine;
c. Any person under fifteen years of age whose name is endorsed on and who is accompany-
ing an adult in possession of a valid passport or a valid travel document recognized by the
Government of Singapore and such endorsement has been authorized by the authority issu-
ing such passport or travel document or by a proper authority;
d. The pilot or any member of the crew of any aircraft in transit whilst such aircraft is in Singa-
pore;
e. A bone fide Muslim pilgrim lawfully and permanently resident in Singapore returning from
Saudi Arabia.
All aircrew, except those who come within category d. above, are required to be in possession of
valid passport or other valid documents recognized by the Republic of Singapore.
Nationals of all countries, except the following, will not require visas as tourists or for social visits
of two weeks duration in Singapore:
a. Afghanistan, Cambodia, Laos, P.R. of China, Commonwealth of Independent States, Alge-
ria, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Syria, Tunisia and Yemen
b. Bangladesh, India, Jordan, Myanmar and Vietnam except for diplomatic/official passport
holders.
NOTE: Stateless persons residing in the above mentioned countries are also excepted from this
privilege.
Nationals of the Commonwealth of Independent States, (i.e. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Geor-
gia, Kazakhstan, Kirghiziya, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan), Cambodia,
Laos and Vietnam may be allowed entry on a 36-hour (48-hour for P.R. of China) transit visa free
facilities provided that the person:
a. is in possession of a valid passport, firm booking and entry facilities (including visa) to his
next destination; and
b. continues his journey within 36 hours of arrival to any destination outside Singapore.
SINGAPORE
Apart from these seventeen countries, nationals of all other countries may be granted a 14 to 30
days visit pass if they meet the following entry requirements:
a. They are in possession of valid travel documents (at least 6 months) with assurance of their
re-entry into their countries of residence or origin;
b. They have enough funds to stay in Singapore; and
c. They hold onward/return tickets and entry facilities (including visas) to their onward destina-
tions.
Nationals of Taiwan are required to obtain Visa cards from the Trade Representative of Singapore
in Taipei, any Singapore Overseas Mission, or from the various airline operators or shipping com-
panies.
Holders of:
a. Hong Kong documents of identity without a visa for Singapore will not be allowed entry.
b. Refugee travel documents issued by Middle East countries (e.g., Document Voyage Pour
Les Refugies Palestinians) without a visa for Singapore will not be allowed entry;
c. Palestinian Authority passports without a visa will be refused entry into Singapore.
Passengers who pass through Singapore in an aircraft which only stops for a short period to
embark or disembark passengers or to refuel, and who do not leave the transit lounge of the air-
port but proceed on the same aircraft or flight to a destination outside Singapore, do not require a
visa.
HEALTH
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travelers above one year of age who, within
the preceding six days, have been in or passed through any country partly or wholly endemic for
yellow fever.

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore
Singapore Changi Airport
Address: P.O. Box 1
Singapore
918141
Tel: (65) 65421122
Fax: (65) 65421231
Internet: http://www.caas.gov.sg
AFS: WSSSYAYX
SINGAPORE
Customs
Singapore Customs
Address: 55 Newton Road
#10-01 Revenue House
Singapore
307987
Tel: (65) 62728222
Fax: (65) 62508663
Health Services
Ministry of Environment, Environmental Public Health Division
Address: Environmental Building
40 Scotts Road
Singapore
228231
Tel: (65) 67327733
Fax: (65) 67319456
Immigration
Immigration & Checkpoints Authority
Address: 10 Kallang Road
#08-00 ICA Building
Singapore
208718
Tel: (65) 63916100
Fax: (65) 62980837
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Before a scheduled service is permitted to operate into the Republic of Singapore, it must be
appropriately covered by either an air services agreement, a license issued in accordance with
the Air Navigation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations, or other aeronautical arrangements. All
scheduled flights are subject to prior approval.
Application for Traffic Landings and Uplifts
Only the airline operator may apply for permission to operate scheduled flights.
All airline operators are to submit their applications for scheduled flights for each IATA schedule
season one month before the start of the season for approval by CAAS.
SINGAPORE
In addition, airline operators are also required to apply for CAAS’ approval for any revisions to
their schedule filings for the season, ad-hoc changes to flight schedules and flight cancellations.
Such applications should reach CAAS 5 working days before flight changes take place.
All applications must be made in the prescribed forms (obtainable from CAAS Air Transport Divi-
sion) and accompanied by a cover letter. If insufficient notice as specified above is given, the
application may not be considered.
Airline operators are to ensure that a copy of the following documents, which are to remain valid
during the period of operations, are lodged with CAAS:
a. Certificate(s) of Registration for aircraft used;
b. Certificate(s) of Airworthiness for aircraft used; and
c. Air Operator’s Certificate
All applications should be submitted to:
Air Transport Division, Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore
Address: Singapore Changi Airport
P.O. Box 1
Singapore
918141
Fax: (65) 65456515
of their aircraft to and from Singapore. All documents must follow the ICAO standard format as set
forth in the relevant appendices to Annex 9. They are acceptable in English only and must be
completed in legible handwriting. No visas are required in connection with such documents.

Immigration 2 2 —
Customs 1 1 1
Health 1 1 —
NOTE:
a. One copy of the General Declaration is endorsed and returned by Customs, signifying clear-
ance.
craft documents except copies of the General Declaration need be submitted to the above
authorities.
SINGAPORE
Overflights
Prior notification is necessary. Subject to the observance of the terms of the Convention on Inter-
national Civil Aviation, Singapore facilitates overflights by civil aircraft registered in any ICAO
Contracting States with which SIngapore has diplomatic relations, provided adequate advance
notification shall have been given.
Notification by flight plan addressed to the Singapore Air Traffic Control Centre (WSJCZQZX), if
received at least two hours in advance of the aircraft’s arrival into the Singapore FIR, will normally
be accepted as advance notification in this respect.
In all other cases, prior permission must be sought and obtained through diplomatic means from
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Singapore.
Non-Traffic or Technical Landings
Prior notification is necessary. Subject to the observance of the terms of the Convention on Inter-
national Civil Aviation, Singapore facilitates such non-traffic or technical landings by civil aircraft
registered in any ICAO Contracting States with which SIngapore has diplomatic relations, provi-
ded adequate advance notification shall have been given.
Notification by flight plan addressed to the Singapore Air Traffic Control Centre (WSJCZQZX), if
received at least two hours in advance of the aircraft’s arrival at Singapore Changi Airport or Sele-
tar Aerodrome or 2 hours prior to entering the Singapore FIR, whichever is the earlier, will nor-
mally be accepted as advance notification in this respect.
The operator of a business aviation aircraft or its appointed local ground handling agent may
apply for permission for the aircraft to operate into Singapore Changi Airport for the purpose of
non-traffic or technical landing. The following information should be submitted together with the
application:
a. Name, address and nationality of operator;
b. Type, registration mark and carrying capacity of aircraft;
c. Purpose of flight and name of passengers;
d. Details of route, points of landing and final destination;
e. Date and time of arrival at, and departure from Singapore;
f. Name, address and telephone number of operator’s local agent and ground handling agent;
g. Any other information that may be relevant to the proposed flight.
All applications above must be made in the prescribed form which can be downloaded from the
website below. Applications must reach the Airside Operations of the Changi Airport Group via
email or posted to the address below with sufficient notice prior to the aircraft’s arrival or depar-
ture into/from Singapore Changi Airport. The application may not be considered if insufficient
notice is given.
Airside Operations
SINGAPORE
Address: Singapore Changi Airport

P.O. Box 168
Singapore
918146
Fax: (65) 65453845
E-Mail: changi.airside@changiairport.com
Internet: www.changiairportgroup.com
All business aviation aircraft shall park in a nose-in position and be pushed back with the aid of an
aircraft tow-bar and tow-tractor. Reverse thrust or variable pitch propellers shall not be used. The
aircraft must carry its own tow-bar. The aircraft operator may make arrangements with the ground
handling agent to provide the tow-bar. The aircraft shall be required to be towed to another air-
craft stand should the need arise.
All passengers of the business aviation flight will have to clear CIQ via the Commercially-Impor-
tant- Persons facility located at Terminal 2.
All business aviation flights must engage a ground handling agent at Singapore Changi Airport.
In all other cases, prior permission must be sought and obtained through diplomatic means from
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Singapore.
Application for Traffic Landings and Uplifts
All non-scheduled flights are subject to prior approval.
Only the operator may apply for permission to operate a non-scheduled flight. The following infor-
mation should be submitted together with the application:
a. Name, address and nationality of operator;
b. Name, address and business of charterer;
c. Type, registration mark and carrying capacity of aircraft;
d. Certificate(s) of Registration, Certificate(s) of Airworthiness, and Air Operators Certificate;
e. Nature of flight, including details of whether the flight is to carry passengers or cargo or
both:
1. For passenger flights:
Points of origin and destination of passengers; purpose of flight (e.g., special event
charter, inclusive tours, own-use charter, etc.); and the names of passengers.
2. For cargo flights:
The origin, destination, description, quantities, and dimensions of cargo; outbound/
inbound or transhipment, as well as whether any item is perishable or classified as
dangerous, explosive or munitions of war.
f. Details of route, points of landing and final destination;
g. Date and time of arrival at, and departure from, Singapore;
SINGAPORE
h. Name, address and telephone number of operator’s local agent and ground handling agent;
i. Name and address of consignees and consignors, where applicable; and
j. Any other information that may be relevant to the proposed operations.
All applications must be made in writing and must reach the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore
at least seven (7) working days prior to the aircraft’s arrival or departure into/from Singapore (not
applicable for emergency flights; e.g., medivac and flights on humanitarian grounds). If insufficient
notice is given, the application may not be considered.
Operators, other than operators of business aviation aircraft operating as executive jet charter
and revenue flights, should schedule their arrivals and departures at Singapore Changi Airport
outside the hours 0001 to 0200 UTC (0801 to 1000 LT) and 0900 to 1559 UTC (1700 to 2359 LT).
Subject to approval (depending on aircraft stand availability), aircraft may be permitted to remain
on the ground during the above times on the condition that the aircraft vacates the stand if the
need arises.
All business aviation aircraft operating as executive jet charter and revenue flights may be permit-
ted to remain on the ground or layover at Singapore Changi Airport.
All business aviation aircraft shall park in a nose-in position and be pushed back with the aid of an
aircraft tow-bar and tow-tractor. Reverse thrust or variable pitch propellers shall not be used when
parking or pushing back aircraft. The aircraft operator must ensure that an appropriate tow-bar for
the aircraft type is available to facilitate push back operations from the aircraft stand. The aircraft
operators may use their own tow-bar or approach ground handling agents in either Seletar or
Changi Airport to secure the appropriate tow-bar.
All passengers of the business aviation flight will have to clear CIQ via the Commercially-Impor-
tant-Persons facility located at Terminal 2.
All business aviation flights must engage a ground handling agent at Singapore Changi Airport.
The appropriate legislation dealing with non-scheduled flights for hire or reward is contained in
Part III, Permits for Journeys other than Scheduled Journeys, of the Air Navigation (Licensing of
Air Services) Regulations. Any person who uses any aircraft in contravention of the provisions of
Regulation 15 of the legislation shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a
fine not exceeding $2500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to both, and in
the case of a second or subsequent offence to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment
for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both.
APPLICATION FOR DIPLOMATIC CLEARANCE FOR FOREIGN STATE AIRCRAFT

Procedures for Applying for Diplomatic Clearance for Landing and Overflight by Foreign
State Aircraft in Singapore
Except where otherwise agreed, all Foreign State aircraft intending to land at or overfly Singapore
are to obtain diplomatic clearance for such landing or overflight from the Ministry of Foreign
SINGAPORE
Affairs, giving information as outlined below. The application is to be made giving at least 14 days’
notice.
Information to be Provided when Applying for Diplomatic Clearance
All applications for diplomatic clearance should contain the following information:
a. Name of Mission/Organization;
b. Liaison Officer;
c. Telephone number;
d. Number and type of aircraft;
e. Call sign;
f. Aircraft registration;
g. Full flight itinerary;
h. Route after entering and before leaving Singapore FIR;
i. Date of arrival;
j. Time of arrival;
k. Date of departure;
l. Time of departure;
m. Arrival from;
n. Departing to;
o. Airfield requested;
p. Name of pilot;
q. Number of crew;
r. Number of passengers;
s. If VIP flight, name of VIP and number of other officials;
t. Purpose;
u. Photograph and sensory equipment, if any;
v. Nature of freight or cargos carried, if any;
w. Dangerous cargos, if any (e.g., arms, ammunition, explosives, toxic chemicals);
x. Types of services required (e.g., type of fuel, APU/GPU, ground handling, etc.);
y. Additional/Special requests.
NOTE: Aircraft used in military, customs or police services are deemed to be State aircraft.
SINGAPORE
USE OF MILITARY AERODROMES BY CIVIL AIRCRAFT

Military aerodromes may be used by civil aircraft:
a. At any time in a genuine emergency requiring immediate landing at the nearest aerodrome;
b. On agreed scheduled services;
c. At other times with the permission of the authority responsible for the aerodrome, obtained
prior to taking off for the aerodrome.
Civil aircraft using military aerodromes are subject to landing, housing and parking fees as appro-
priate. Captains of aircraft are to report to ATC after landing and prior to taking off.
Except in cases of distress or in unusual circumstances, no responsibility will be undertaken for
the provision of fuel, oil, maintenance, or other facilities. Pilots may make their own arrangements
with civil fuel agents to refuel on the aerodrome, provided that they furnish adequate cover
against damage or loss arising from the presence of the agents equipment, and that prior permis-
sion for such arrangements is obtained from the Commanding Officer of the station.
FEES AND CHARGES

Except as approved in writing by the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore, all fees shall be paid by
the pilot in command of the aircraft (or a designated agent) without demand before the aircraft
departs from the aerodrome. All payments of fees are to be made in Singapore dollars.
The following types of fees may be assessed:
a. Landing fees;
b. Parking fees;
c. Passenger loading bridge charges;
d. Passenger service charges;
e. Aircraft, passenger and baggage handling service charges;
f. Hangar fees;
g. Blasting fence charge;
h. Route Air Navigation Services (RANS) charges.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Singapore (Changi) Not available to nonscheduled civil aircraft types of 40 seats or less except
in special circumstances.
Singapore (Seletar)
TAIWAN
PASSPORT
Required.
VISA
Required.
HEALTH
Measures taken are in accordance with related regulations prescribed by WHO.
PASSPORT/VISA INFORMATION
REPUBLIC OF CHINA (TAIWAN) CONTACT IN THE UNITED STATES
The United States does not maintain diplomatic relations with Taiwan. Assistance may be
obtained from: the:
Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office
Address: 4201 Wisconsin Ave, NW
Washington, DC
20016
Tel: (202) 895-1800
UNITED STATES’ CONTACT IN REPUBLIC OF CHINA (TAIWAN)

The American Institute in Taiwan is authorized by law to provide services to citizens of the United
States and the people of Taiwan.
American Institute
Address: No. 7, Lane 134, Hsin Yi Road
Section 3
Taipei
Taiwan
Tel: (886)2-2162-2000
Fax: (886)2-2162-2239

GENERAL
All flights into, from or over the territory of the Republic of China and landings in such territory
shall be carried out in accordance with the valid regulations of the Republic of China regarding
civil aviation.
Aircraft landing in or departing from Taipei FIR must first land at or finally depart from Taoyuan
International Aerodrome, Kaohsiung International Aerodrome, or other authorized aerodromes.
TAIWAN

The documents below must be submitted to the authorities for clearance on entry and departure
of aircraft. All the documents listed below must follow the ICAO standard format as set forth in the
relevant Appendixes to Annex 9, and are acceptable when furnished in English or Chinese and
completed in legible handwriting.
Aircraft Documents Required (Arrival / Departure)

Required by General declaration Passenger mani- Cargo manifest
fest
Customs 1 1 1
Disease Control Bureau 1 1 1
Airport Office, CAA 1 1 1
Passport and Visa Inspec- 1 1 0
tion
Aircraft Security Check 1 1 0
Cargo Security Check 1 0 1
Remarks: Completed weight and balance sheet shall be kept by an operator for a period of three
months for inspection.
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
The scheduled flights into, from and landing in the territory of the Republic of China shall be car-
ried out in accordance with the Air Transport Agreement or Agreement for Exchange of Traffic
Rights. The schedule must be submitted to the CCAA 20 days prior to the operation for approval.
The schedule of the scheduled flights in transit across the territory of the Republic of China shall
be submitted to the CCAA 20 days prior to the operation for approval.
Procedures
Any non-scheduled passenger/cargo charter flight wishing to operate into, from or land in, the ter-
ritory of the Republic of China by a foreign civil air transport enterprise, the relevant regulations
are as follows:
a. For civil air transport enterprise to undertake international passenger/cargo charter services:
an application, including a copy of charter contract, must be filed with CAA, ten working days
before estimated departure date.
b. Except otherwise provided for in treaty or agreement concluded on the principle of equality
and mutual benefit, foreign civil air transport enterprise applying for a charter flight shall be
TAIWAN
limited to utilizing the third and fourth rights. (Article 17 of the Regulation of Civil Air Trans-
port Enterprise refers.)
c. For operators not operating scheduled flights to the Republic of China or operators without a
local general sales agent, the application to conduct charter flights shall be delegated to a
local civil air transport enterprise that flies internationally.
d. Due to the formalities concerning customs, immigration, as well as health and sanitation
being available on an “on request” basis, 48 hours’ prior notice of the planned ETA and
EOBT is required.
e. In Taipei FIR, beside Taipei/Taoyuan and Kaohsiung International Airports, Magong airport,
Hualien airport, Taichung/Cingcyuangang airport, Taitug/Fongnian airport and Kinmen air-
port are also available for international passenger charter flights.
For any non-scheduled flight other than charter flight into, from, and landing in the territory of the
Republic of China, or any transit flight landing in the territory of the Republic of China without
boarding/unboarding passengers, or without loading/unloading cargo and mails, the operator of
the aircraft shall submit the following application form to the CAA two working days prior to the
entry into this territory. For operators not operating scheduled flights to the Republic of China, or
operators without a local general sales agent, the application for approval to conduct charter
flights shall be delegated to a local civil air transport enterprise who is approved to conduct inter-
national operations.
In case the application is submitted by telegram, the message shall be dispatched according to all
items, serial number and order of the application form.
Aircraft 1. Nationality and registration mark:

2. Type:
3. Name:
Operator 4. Nationality:
5. Address:
6. Name & nationality of pilot:
7. Type of flight: □ IFR
□ VFR
8. Nature of operation:
9. Airways flown:
10. Estimated date and aerodrome of entry: (or estimated date of
transit)
11. Estimated date and aerodrome of departure:
12. Number of passengers on board:
TAIWAN
13. Name and address of owner:

14. Name and address of consignor:
Cargo
15. Total weight of cargo (loading, unload-
ing):
Agent 16. Name:
17. Address:
18. Remark
a. Need not fill in items 11 to 18 in case of transit flight
b. Item 16 and 17 must be filled in precisely, if the aircraft belongs to the country that has no
diplomatic relations with the Republic of China.
For a non-scheduled flight that transits across the territory of the Republic of China without land-
ing, the above application for the permit shall be submitted by the aircraft operator to CAA one
working day in advance of the date of proposed operation for approval. In case the application is
submitted by telegram, the message shall be dispatched according to all items, serial number and
order of the application form to CAA (RCTPYAYX) and Taipei Area Control Center (RCTPZRZX).
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
Procedures
If an operator intends to carry out a private flight into or in transit across the territory of the Repub-
lic of China, he must obtain a permit from the Chinese Civil Aeronautics Administration.
Applications for the permission, the minimum in advance time required for filing the application,
and the information contained in the application of entry and transit flights should be accom-
plished in accordance with non-scheduled flight procedures.
FEES
GENERAL
The charges set are common to all CAA administered Aerodromes and are imposed by the Chi-
nese CAA. Charges for operation of CAF administered aerodromes will be paid in accordance
with the existing CAF tariff rates. The charges are based on N.T. dollars.
a. Landing charge
b. Passenger Service charges
c. Parking charges
d. Air Navigation Facilities and Services charges
TAIWAN
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Kaohsiung (Intl)
Taipei (Taoyuan Intl)
Magong (1)
Hualien (1)
Taichung/Cingcyuangang (1)
(1) For international passenger charter flights.
THAILAND
PASSPORT AND VISA

All visitors who wish to enter Thailand must hold a valid passport and a visa, the latter being
issued by consular authorities abroad. Exceptions to this rule are noted below.
TRANSIT PASSENGERS
No documents or visas are required of passengers arriving and departing, within 12 hours, on the
same through flight or transferring to another flight at the same airport and staying within the
transit lounge.
All passengers arriving into Thailand must clear immigration formalities at their first port arrival.
Passengers transferring to CIQ (Customs, Immigration, Quarantine) destinations, which currently
are Suvarnabhumi, Chiang Mai, Mae Fah Luang-Chiang Rai, Krabi, Phuket and Samui, can have
their luggage through-checked to the final destinations, and subsequently clear customs formali-
ties for their checked luggage at the respective destination airports. However, customs inspection
of carry-on luggage may take place at the first port of arrival. In addition, health, animal and plant
quarantine may also take place at the first port of arrival. These first port of arrival procedures are
effective from the following dates:
a. For passenger whose first port of arrival is Suvarnabhumi Airport, from 1 April 2007 onwards,
b. For passengers whose first port of arrival is any other CIQ Airport, from 28 October 2007
onwards.
Passengers who originate their flights at any of C.I.Q. (Customs, Immigration Quarantine) air-
ports, which currently are Suvarnabhumi, Chiang Mai, Mae Fah Luang-Chiang Rai, Krabi, Phuket
and Samui, and will connect to international flights leaving Thailand may have their luggage
through-checked, then clear immigration, customs as well as health, animal and plant quarantine
at the airport of origin, i.e. the first port of departure.
The aforementioned first port of departure procedures are currently in effect; they are included
here only for the sake of completeness.
VISA EXEMPTIONS
Nationals of the following countries are not required to obtain a visa for a stay of up to thirty (30)
days:
Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Hellenic, Hong Kong, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea (South),
Kuwait, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Peru, Phil-
ippines, Portugal, Principality of Liechtenstein, Qatar, Republic of Hungary, Republic of Poland,
Republic of Slovenia, Singapore, Slovak Republic, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, U.A.E., U.K., U.S.A., Vietnam.
Other visa exemptions apply to holders of certain diplomatic passports. Details regarding these
exemptions should be obtained from the consular authority.
Holders of a passport of Cambodia may enter into Thailand for a period of up to 14 days without a
visa.
THAILAND
An alien holding the nationality of the following countries may enter into Thailand for a period of
up to 15 days by asking a visa on arrival at Don Mueang, Suvarnabhumi, Chiang Mai, Mae Fah
Luang-Chiang Rai, Phuket, Hat Yai, U-Tapao Pattaya, Krabi, Samui, Sukhothai and Surat Thani
airports: Bhutan, China and Taiwan, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Ethiopia, Hungary, India,
Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Maldives, Mauritius, Oman, Poland, Principality of
Andorra, Republic of Bulgaria, Republic of Malta, Republic of San Marino, Romania, Russia,
Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS
Flight crewmembers may present their valid licenses or certificates in lieu of a passport and visa
for a stay not exceeding thirty (30) days.
HEALTH
Valid international certificates of vaccination against yellow fever are required of individuals
coming from infected areas, except for direct transit passengers who remain in the direct transit
area of the airport.
In accordance with the Immigration Act, aliens which fall into any of the following categories are
excluded from entering into the Kingdom:
a. Mental or physical defects, having any of the following diseases prescribed in the Ministerial
Regulations: Leprosy, tuberculosis, filariasis in the stage of being repulsive in appearance,
tertiary stage of syphilis, drug addiction.
b. Having not yet been vaccinated or inoculated or undergone any other medical treatment for
protection against quarantinable diseases during the declaration of the above mentioned dis-
eases and having refused to have such vaccinations administered by the Immigration
Doctor.

GENERAL
All foreign aircraft/airline operators are required to obtain prior permission before any takeoff or
landing in, or overflight of, the territory of Thailand.
No aircraft entering or leaving Thailand shall land before or depart except at or from an Interna-
tional Airport of Entry.
Provided that an aircraft which is compelled by force majeure to land before arrival at or after
departure from an International Airport of Entry shall, after compliance with the procedure laid
down below, be deemed to have landed at or departed from an International Airport of Entry
according to the requirement of the foregoing paragraph.
In case that any aircraft entering or leaving the Kingdom is compelled by force majeure to land at
any place other than an International Airport of Entry, the person in charge shall forthwith report to
a Customs Officer or an Administrative or Police Official, and on demand, produce to such Officer
the log books belonging to the aircraft and shall not allow any goods to be unloaded therefrom
without the consent of a Customs Officer; and no passenger or member of the personnel thereof
THAILAND
shall leave the immediate vicinity without the consent of a Customs Officer or an Administrative or
Police Official. If the place of landing be an airport, the person in charge shall forthwith report the
arrival of the aircraft and the place whence it came to the proprietor or officer in charge of the air-
port, who shall forthwith report the arrival of the aircraft to a Customs Officer and shall not allow
any goods to be unloaded therefrom or any passenger or member of the personnel thereof to
leave the airport without the consent of such Officer.
Director of Air Transport, Control Division
Address: Department of Aviation
71 Soi Ngamdu-plee
Rama IV Road
Bangkok
Thailand
10120
Tel: (662) 286-8154
Fax: (662) 287-3139
Telex: 72099 DEPAVIA TH
AFS: VTBAYAYX
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
Scheduled international air services may be operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across
Thailand in pursuance of:
a. the International Air Services Transit Agreement, provided that the state in which the airline
is registered is a contracting party to this agreement; or
b. an agreement between Thailand and the state in which the airline is registered.
Documentary Requirements on Arrival
Required by General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest List of Stores
Airport Authority 1 1 1 —
Customs 1 1 2 —
Immig. 2 3 — —
Health 1 1 — —
Plant Quar. — — 1 —
Total 5 6 4 0
THAILAND
Documentary Requirements on Departure
Required by General Declaration Passenger Manifest Cargo Manifest List of Stores
Airport Authority 1 1 1 —
Customs 1 1 2 1
Immig. 2 3 — —
Health — — — —
Total 4 5 3 1
Health Measures Applied to Aircraft

All arriving aircraft must be disinsected while in flight approximately thirty (30) minutes before
arrival at the airport. If, in special circumstances, a second spraying is deemed necessary by the
health authority to be carried out on the ground, passengers and crew will be permitted to disem-
bark beforehand.
Non-Commercial Flights
Application must be made and prior approval obtained from the Department of Civil Aviation for all
aircraft of ICAO-contracting States desiring to carry out a non-scheduled flight in transit across
Thailand, or to make stops for non traffic purposes in Thailand. The application must contain the
following particulars:
a. Name, address and business connection with the aircraft of the informant;
b. Owner, type, nationality and registration mark of the aircraft;
c. Name of operator;
e. Routing, including aerodromes before and after Thailand;
f. Names of aerodromes of landing in Thailand; and
g. Date and time of arrival and departure at each aerodrome.
Aircraft of non-contracting States of the Convention on International Civil Aviation, desiring to fly
in transit non-stop across Thailand or to land for non-traffic purposes, must apply and obtain prior
approval through diplomatic channels. The application must contain the particulars specified
above.
Commercial Flights
Aircraft of contracting States of the Convention on International Civil Aviation intending to perform
a non-scheduled flight into and/or out of Thailand for the purpose of taking on and/or discharging
passengers, cargo and mail, must apply in writing to the Department of Civil Aviation. The appli-
THAILAND
cation must be submitted not less than 7 days in advance of the intended date of operation and
contain the following particulars:
a. Name of operator.
b. Type, nationality and registration mark of the aircraft.
c. Purpose of flight and landing in Thailand.
d. Routing.
e. Names of aerodrome to land in Thailand.
f. Dates and times of its arrival and departure at each aerodrome.
g. Number and list of passengers, categories of passengers (i.e. Inclusive Tour Group, Affinity
Group or Own Use Charter etc.) including points of embarkation or disembarkation of pas-
sengers.
h. Name of Charterer and agent including address to contact in Thailand.
i. Description and Quantity of freight, consignor, consignee and including points of loading and
unloading of freight.
PRIVATE FLIGHTS
Aircraft of ICAO-contracting States intending to carry out a private flight in transit across or
making stops for non-traffic purposes in Thailand, or for taking on and/or discharging passengers,
must apply in writing or via telex or AFTN message to the Department of Aviation. The application
for small aircraft (maximum take-off weight not exceeding 5700kg) and helicopters must be sub-
mitted not less than 15 days in advance of the intended operation, and must contain the following
particulars:
a. Number and type of aircraft;
b. Identification/nationality and registration mark of the aircraft;
c. Flight rule and status;
d. Route schedule;
e. Date/times of entry/exit of Bangkok FIR boundaries;
f. Date/times of arrival/departure (in case of landing in Thailand);
g. Airways to be used via Bangkok FIR;
h. Alternate aerodrome;
i. Speed;
THAILAND
j. Level;
k. Endurance;
l. Passengers on board;
m. Crew;
n. Purpose of landing;
o. Purpose of flight;
p. Owner and address.
Private aircraft with a maximum takeoff weight greater than 5700kg must comply with the proce-
dures outlined for Non-Scheduled Flights.
FEES
The following types of fees and charges may be assessed for aircraft operations in and over the
territory of Thailand:
a. Landing fees;
b. Parking fees;
c. Passenger service charges; and/or
d. Air navigation facility charges.
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Bangkok (Intl) (H24)
Chiang Mai (Intl) (2300 – 1630; beyond this period one hour PNR to ATC)
Chiang Rai (Intl) (2300 – 1430; beyond this period one hour PNR to ATC)
Chumphon (O/R)
Khon Kaen (O/R)
Krabi (O/R)
Mai Hong San (O/R)
Nakhon Phanom (O/R)
Nakhon Ratchasima (O/R)
Nan (O/R)
THAILAND
Narathiwat (O/R)
Pattani (O/R)
Phitsanulok (O/R)
Phuket (Intl) (H24)
Prachuap Khirikhan (Hua Hin Arpt) (O/R)
Ranong (O/R)
Rayong (UTaphao Intl) (H24)
Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl) (H24)
Souvarnabhumi (Intl) (H24)
Sukhothai (O/R)
Surat Thani (Samui Arpt) (O/R)
Surat Thani (Surat Thani Arpt) (O/R)
Trang (O/R)
Ubon (O/R)
Udon Thani (O/R)
VIETNAM
PASSPORT AND VISA

Passengers entering into or departing from the territory of Vietnam by air, have to fulfill the entry
or exit formalities determined by the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Passengers, pilot-in-command and crew members arriving at or departing from the airports of
Vietnam, must:
a. Have valid documents (passport or other identity documents in lieu of passport, entry or exit
visa, certificates of vaccination) and present their valid documents to the Aerodrome Immi-
gration and Airport Health Quarantine;
b. Transit passengers staying only at the airport are exempted from transit formalities. In case
of leaving airport for the town for visiting, transit passengers and crew members must be
picked up and taken in a tour conducted by international tour agencies in Vietnam and have
to fulfill the entry or exit formalities determined by the Government of the Socialist Republic
of Vietnam.
c. Passengers and crew members have to comply with all regulations concerning order, secur-
ity, customs and other regulations of the Departments of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

GENERAL
All flights into, from or over the territory of Vietnam and landing in such territory shall be carried
out in accordance with the valid regulations of Vietnam regarding civil aviation. Aircraft landing in
or departing from the territory of Vietnam must first land at or finally depart from an international
airport.
Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam (CAAV)
Address: Air Navigation Department
119 Nguyen Son St – Long Bien District
Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: (84-4) 38 723600/38 274191
Fax: (84-4) 38 274194
E-Mail: and@caa.gov.vn
Internet: http://www.caa.gov.vn
AFS: VVVVYAAN
Overflights
Address: Air Navigation Department
119 Nguyen Son St – Long Bien District
VIETNAM
Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: (84-4) 38 723 600
Fax: (84-4) 38 274 194
E-Mail: and@caa.gov.vn
Public Hours: From Monday to Friday
Morning: 07h30 – 11h30 (local time);
Afternoon: 13h00 – 16h30 (local time).
Operation of Flight
Civil aircraft which operates in or over the territory of Vietnam shall:
a. Comply with the Rules of the Air and defined procedures;
b. Comply with the provisions prescribed in the flight permission or revised flight permission
issued;
c. Fly on the specified airways, entry/exit points and flight levels;
d. Maintain communication continuously with ATS units of Vietnam;
e. Comply with the control and instructions of ATS units of Vietnam;
f. Only make landing to and departure from airports specified in the permission.
Changes to the Details of Permitted Flights
In case of intending to change the approved main details, the applicant shall submit a new appli-
cant for permission to the respective authorities addressed as indicated in items 2 and 3 via AFS,
E-mail or FAX except items below.
In case of intending to change the approved times of flight operation within the validity of flight
permission, the applicant or designated representatives of operator shall make revised flight plan
and notify the respective authority via AFS, E-mail or FAX. The flight can only be operated when
obtained the acceptable confirmation from the respective authority.
On holidays/days off, outside working-hours or in the emergency case the applicant shall send
request to Vietnam Air Traffic Management Corporation (Air Traffic Coordination Centre) in case
of wishing to change:
a. Airways, entry/exit points within Vietnamese airspace;
b. Change of gauge for non-commercial purpose and for commercial purpose in respect of
domestic flights;
c. Change of aerodromes of departure/landing outside the territory of Vietnam in respect of
flights overflying Vietnamese airspace.
The flight can only be operated when obtained the acceptable confirmation from Vietnam Air Traf-
fic Management Corporation (Air Traffic Coordination Centre).
VIETNAM
Authority responsible for issuing flight permission may revoke a granted permission for the follow-
ing reasons:
a. National security and defense;
b. Flight safety;
c. Public order and interests;
d. Benefits of State;
e. To comply with international conventions to which Vietnam is a Contracting Party;
f. In case of provision of incorrect information by applicant or other defrauding acts are found.
In case of cancellation of a flight to which flight permission has been granted, the applicant shall
notify the flight permission issuing authority prior to scheduled performance of that flight.
SCHEDULED FLIGHTS
General
For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across
Vietnam, the following requirements must be met:
With the permission of the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on the basis of the
Civil Aviation Treaties or Agreements signed with foreign states by the Socialist Republic of Viet-
nam.
For flights to/from and within Vietnam:
Address: Air Transport Department
119 Nguyen Son St. – Long Bien District
Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: (84-4) 38 722 281
Fax: (84-4) 38 272 290
E-Mail: atd@caa.gov.vn
AFS: VVVVYVYX
Public Hours: From Monday to Friday
Morning: 07h30 – 11h30 (local time);
Afternoon: 13h00 – 16h30 (local time).
Flight permission applicant shall be responsible for the legality of the under mentioned docu-
ments:
VIETNAM
a. Air Operator Certificate (AOC), Approved Maintenance Organization (AMO);

b. Certificate of Registration, Certificate of Airworthiness, Noise Certificate (if applicable), Air-
craft Radio License;
c. appropriate license and certificate of each member of the crew and persons relating to oper-
ation, maintenance and repair of the aircraft.
Documents required for clearance of aircraft on entry and departure to and from Vietnam must be
submitted by the authorized agent or pilot-in-command. All documents listed below must follow
ICAO standard format as set forth in the relevant Appendixes to Annex 9 and are only acceptable
when published in English.
Documents Required for Entry and Departure of Aircraft

Airport Authority 1 1 1
Customs 2 2 2
Immigration 1 1 1
TOTAL 4 4 4
NOTE:
ance.
craft documents except copies of the General Declaration need to be submitted to the above
Authorities.
Application for Flight Permission shall include:
a. Carrier/Operator: name, IATA 2 letter code, ICAO 3 letter code, postal and telegram
addresses (AFTN/SITA);
b. Itinerary: effective time, flight number, days of services, airport and estimated time of depar-
ture/arrival (on 24 hours basis and according to Universal Time Coordinated – UTC);
c. Aircraft: type, nationality, registration marks, configuration, maximum take-off weight and
maximum payload;
d. ATS/RNAV routes: name, entry/exit points of flight into the Flight Information Regions of
Vietnam, estimated time to fly over (on 24 hours basis and according to Universal Time
Coordinated – UTC);
e. Billing address: name, postal and telegram address;
f. Applicant: name, contact address.
VIETNAM
Procedures
a. Foreign aircraft which carry the Heads of states or special delegation to visit Vietnam at the
invitation of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, and military aircraft or aircraft of a military
character of foreign States operating within the airspace of Vietnam will apply for a special
procedure to be issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Foreign VIP Flights
Address: Consular Department
6 Chu Van An Street, Ba Dinh District
Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: (84-4) 38 234 510; (84-4) 37 993 108
Fax: (84-4) 38 236 928; (84-4) 37 993 505
Foreign Military and Military-Charactered Flights
Ministry of National Defence
Address: Operation Department under The General Staff
1 Hoang Dieu Street, Ba Dinh District
Hanoi
Vietnam
Tel: Working hours: (84) 069 551324; (84) 069 553 200.
Non-working hours: (84-4) 38 455 812
Fax: (84) 069 551 325; (84-4) 37 337 994
Other Non - Scheduled Flights
On holidays/days off, outside working-hours or in emergency case flight permission applications
shall be submitted to:
Vietnam Air Traffic Management Corporation (VATM)
Address: Air Traffic Coordination Centre (ATCC)
Gia Lam Airport
Hanoi, Vietnam
Tel: (84-4) 38 27 15 13
Fax: (84-4) 38 73 31 10
E-Mail: atcc@hn.vnn.vn
AFS: VVVVZGZX
Public Hours: 24/24 daily
VIETNAM
Documentary Requirements for Clearance of Aircraft and Flight Permission Applications

FEES
The types of charges set out hereunder are common to all CAAV administered aerodromes.
Charges for services and facilities not mentioned (e.g. for the carriage of baggage between air-
craft and terminal buildings) may vary from airport to airport and information concerning such
charges may be obtained at the airport. Unless an alternative arrangement has been made, all
charges for use of the airport are payable by the pilot of the aircraft when departing from the air-
port.
a. Landing charges
b. Parking charges
c. Passenger service charges.
d. Security charges
e. Air Navigation service charges
AIRPORTS OF ENTRY
Khanh Hoa (Cam Ranh Apt)
Can Tho (Can Tho Apt)
Da Nang (Apt)
Hanoi (Noi Bai Apt)
Hue (Phu Bai Apt)
Hochiminh (Tansonnhat Apt)
Emergency
Emergency
Emergency Procedures - Australia

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - AUSTRALIA 1402
AUSTRALIA
and Abbreviations sections in Air Traffic Control, Meteorology and Terminal.
1 DEFINITIONS
ALERTED SEE-AND-AVOID — A procedure where flight crew, having been alerted to the exis-
tence and approximate location of other traffic in their immediate vicinity, seek to sight and avoid
colliding with those known aircraft.
ALERTING POST — An agency designated to serve as an intermediary between a person
reporting an aircraft in distress and a Rescue Coordination Center.
ALERTING SERVICE — A service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft
in need of search and rescue aid, and to assist such organizations as required.
BRIEFING — The act of giving in advance, specific pre-flight instructions or information to an air-
crew.
EMERGENCY PHASES —
a. Uncertainty Phase: A situation wherein uncertainty exists as to the safety of an aircraft and
its occupants.
b. Alert Phase: A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the safety of an aircraft and its
occupants.
c. Distress Phase: A situation wherein there is reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its
occupants are threatened by grave and imminent danger or require immediate assistance.
FULL EMERGENCY (In the context of Aerodrome Emergency Plans) — A situation in which
the response of all agencies involved in the Aerodrome Emergency Plan will be activated. A Full
Emergency will be declared when an aircraft approaching the airport is known or suspected to be
in such trouble that there is danger of an accident.
LAND RESCUE UNIT — A land party equipped to undertake a search for an aircraft within the
region of its responsibility.
LOCAL STANDBY (In the context of Aerodrome Emergency Plans) — A situation in which
activation of only the airport-based agencies involved in the Aerodrome Emergency Plan is war-
ranted. A Local Standby will be the normal response when an aircraft approaching an airport is
known or is suspected to have developed some defect, but the trouble is not such as would nor-
mally involve any serious difficulty in effecting a safe landing.
RESCUE COORDINATION CENTER — A unit established for promoting efficient organization of
search and rescue service and for coordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations
within a search and rescue region.
SARTIME — The time nominated by a pilot for the initiation of SAR action if a report has not been
received by the nominated unit.
AUSTRALIA
SEARCH AND RESCUE — The act of finding and returning to safety, aircraft and persons
involved in an emergency phase.
SEARCH AND RESCUE REGION (SRR) — The specified area within which search and rescue
is coordinated by a particular Rescue Coordination Center.
UNALERTED SEE-AND-AVOID — A procedure where flight crew, who have no specific knowl-
edge of other aircraft in their vicinity, rely solely on their ability to physically sight and avoid collid-
ing with aircraft that may be in their vicinity.
2 ABBREVIATIONS
ACCID Initial Notification of an Aircraft Accident
AEP Aerodrome Emergency Plan
ALERFA Alert Phase
ALR Alerting Message
DETRESFA Distress Phase
DF Direction Finder or Finding
ELR Extra Long Range
ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter
EPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (marine terminology)
FFR Flood, Fire Relief
FIA Flight Information Area
INCERFA Uncertainty Phase
LRG Long Range
MRG Medium Range
RFF Rescue and Fire Fighting Services
RSC Rescue Sub-Center
SARTIME Time Search Action Required
SRG Short Range
SRR Search and Rescue Region
UDF UHF Direction Finding Station
VLR Very Long Range
AUSTRALIA
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1 GENERAL
1.1 All possible assistance will be given to aircraft in distress.
1.2 The pilot of an aircraft encountering an emergency in flight, other than loss of two-way com-
munications, should select code 7700 unless he/she has specific reason to believe that maintain-
ing the assigned code would be the better course of action.
1.3 RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR ANY EMERGENCY PHASE

1.3.1 Distress Message
Transmit:
– MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY
[WT – SOS SOS SOS]
– name of the station addressed when appropriate and time and circumstances permitting–THIS
IS (callsign) repeated three times
– type of aircraft
– nature of the emergency
– intention of the person in command
– present or last known position
– flight level/altitude
– heading
– any other useful information e.g. endurance remaining, number of people on board
1.3.2 Urgency Message
Transmit:
– PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN
[WT – XXX XXX XXX]
– name of the station addressed
– callsign repeated three times
– type of aircraft
– nature of the urgency condition
– intention of the person in command
– present position
– flight level/altitude
– heading
– any other useful information
AUSTRALIA
1.3.3 If no answer to distress/urgency call/message, use the following appropriate frequencies,

broadcasting before changing to the next selected frequency:
a. Any other aeronautical enroute frequency;
b. 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz (R/T): International and Military emergency;
c. 5696 kHz USB Defense Communications Station Australia (DCSA) High Frequency Commu-
nications System (HFCS) distress frequency;
d. 4125, 6215 and 8291 kHz (R/T, USB): Australian coastal/ship;
e. 3023 kHz and 5680 kHz: World wide A/G frequencies;
f. 2182 kHz (R/T): International small ships. DF available.
1.4 NOTIFICATION OF EMERGENCY USING DATALINK

1.4.1 Depending on the nature of the emergency condition experienced, flight crew should notify
ATS of the circumstances by the most efficient means (voice or data link).
1.4.2 If a CPDLC MAYDAY or PAN message is received by the ground system, the controller
will respond with the free text uplink message ROGER MAYDAY (PAN). The controller will not
expect a ROGER response to the uplink until being notified that the emergency situation has
been cancelled or stabilized to the extent that messages are able to continue being exchanged (if
the data link is considered to be the best communications medium for the situation).
1.4.3 If the emergency situation no longer exists, the pilot should cancel the ADS emergency
mode (if activated).
1.5 IMPOSITION OF SILENCE

1.5.1 Only the aircraft in distress or the unit in control of distress communications are permitted
to impose silence on any station which interferes with distress communications. The call should
be addressed to ALL STATIONS or one station only, depending on the circumstances. The call
used should be as follows:
“STOP TRANSMITTING; MAYDAY”
2 UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE
2.1 An aircraft which is being subjected to unlawful interference must endeavor to inform ATS of
this fact, along with any deviation from the current flight plan and any other significant factors
affecting the operation. SSR-equipped aircraft should use an appropriate code.
2.1.1 Information pertinent to the safe conduct of the flight will continue to be transmitted by ATS
and appropriate action taken to expedite the conduct of the flight.
2.2 The pilot of an aircraft subject to unlawful interference should select code 7500.
3 COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE
NOTE: In the event of communications failure, maintain terrain clearance throughout all proce-
dures.
AUSTRALIA
3.1 VFR IN CLASS G AIRSPACE

3.1.1 Remain in VMC and broadcast intentions. Assume transmitter is operating and prefix calls
with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”.
3.1.2 Remain VFR in Class G airspace and land at the nearest suitable aerodrome. Report
arrival to ATS if on SARTIME or Reporting Schedules.
Search and Rescue
Tel: 1 800 815 257
3.2 IF IN CONTROLLED/RESTRICTED AIRSPACE OR IFR IN ANY

AIRSPACE
3.2.1 Squawk 7600 and listen out on ATIS and/or voice modulated navaids. Transmit intentions
and normal position reports. Assume transmitter is operating and prefix calls with “TRANSMIT-
TING BLIND”.
3.2.2 If in VMC and certain of maintaining VMC, remain in VMC and land at the most suitable
aerodrome. Report arrival to ATS.
3.2.3 If in IMC or uncertain of maintaining VMC:
a. Initial and subsequent actions by the pilot at the time of loss of communications will depend
largely on the pilot’s knowledge of the destination aids, the air traffic/airspace situation and
meteorological conditions enroute and at the destination;
b. In determining the final level to which a pilot will climb after radio failure, ATC will use the
level provided on the flight notification, or the last level requested by the pilot and acknowl-
edged by ATC.
NOTE: It is not possible to publish procedures that cover all radio failure circumstances. The
following procedures ensure that ATS and other traffic should be aware of the pilot’s most
likely actions. Pilots should follow these procedures unless strong reasons dictate otherwise.
3.2.4 Initial Actions
3.2.4.1 If no clearance limit has been received and acknowledged, proceed in accordance with
the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged and climb to the planned level.
3.2.4.2 If a clearance limit involving an altitude or route restriction has been received and
acknowledged:
a. maintain last assigned level, or minimum safe altitude if higher, for three minutes: and/or
b. hold at nominated location for three minutes; then
c. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged and climb to plan-
ned level.
3.2.4.3 If being vectored:
a. maintain last assigned vector for two minutes; and
b. climb, if necessary, to minimum safe altitude; then
AUSTRALIA
c. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged.

3.2.4.4 If holding:
a. fly one more complete holding pattern; then
b. proceed in accordance with the flight plan or the latest ATC clearance acknowledged, as
applicable.
3.2.5 Destination Procedures
3.2.5.1 Track to the destination in accordance with flight plan as amended by the latest ATC
clearance acknowledged, if applicable.
3.2.5.2 Commence descent in accordance with standard operating procedures or flight plan.
Descend to the initial approach altitude for the most suitable approach aid in accordance with
published procedures.
3.2.5.3 Carry out the approach to the prescribed circling minima.
NOTE:
a. The most suitable approach aid is normally the destination primary tracking aid; however,
when the primary tracking aid has no approach procedure or the pilot is in receipt of ATIS or
directed information (e.g., voice modulated navigation aid) that another destination aid is
required for the approach, that aid may be used.
b. If an approach time has been given by ATC and acknowledged, adhere to that time.
c. When within 25 miles of the destination, the pilot may track direct to the most suitable
approach aid.
3.2.6 Actions at Minima
3.2.6.1 If visual at circling minima, circle to land. However, at a controlled aerodrome, if in
receipt of directed aerodrome information and/or a landing clearance (e.g., a green light or
through a voice modulated navigation aid, etc.) the pilot may continue a runway approach.
3.2.6.2 If not visual at circling minima, depart for a suitable alternate aerodrome. However, if in
receipt of directed aerodrome information indicating that a runway approach is available and the
runway is available for landing, the pilot may continue descent to the appropriate minima and, if
visual, land. Otherwise depart for a suitable alternate aerodrome.
3.2.6.3 If insufficient fuel is carried to divert to a suitable alternate, the pilot may hold or carry out
additional approaches until visual.
3.2.7 SPECIAL PROCEDURES IF PROCEEDING TO A CLASS D
a. Carry out Communication Failure procedures.
b. Track via the appropriate VFR approach point.
c. Enter CTR at 1500 ft (1800 ft Camden) and track to overhead the aerodrome at that altitude.
d. Ascertain landing direction and join the appropriate circuit for the runway selected.
AUSTRALIA
e. The preferred runway for landing should be the runway nominated in the joining or sequenc-
ing instruction or the arrival/departure runway nominated on the ATIS.
f. When ready, descend to circuit altitude remaining clear of the other circuit.
g. Maintain separation from other aircraft.
h. Proceed with normal circuit and landing.
i. Watch for light signals from the aerodrome control tower.
3.3 ATS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PROCEDURES

3.3.1 ATS Surveillance System — Failure Procedure
3.3.1.1 In the event of ATS surveillance system failure, or loss of identification, appropriate
instructions will be issued.
3.3.2 Radio Failure Procedures
3.3.2.1 When an aircraft is being vectored the interval between radio transmissions is short.
Pilots should make a radio check if no transmission is heard after a reasonable interval.
3.3.2.2 In the event of failure of two-way communications while receiving an ATS surveillance
service, the pilot must change to the alternative frequency and request instructions.
3.3.2.3 If unable to make contact on the alternative frequency, the pilot must comply with stand-
ard radio failure procedures.
3.3.2.4 If able to receive but not transmit, the pilot must remain on the assigned frequency and
comply with instructions issued which are designed to establish that the aircraft is receiving. If this
is established, further instructions will be issued.
3.3.3 Transponder Procedures
3.3.3.1 The pilot of an aircraft losing two-way communication must set the transponder to CODE
7600.
3.3.3.2 A controller observing a 7600 code shall request the pilot to operate the identification
(SPI) function. If the identification signal is received, further control of the aircraft will be continued
using the identification transmission to acknowledge receipt of instructions issued.
3.3.3.3 If the identification signal is not received, the aircraft must continue with the transponder
on CODE 7600 and follow radio failure procedures.
3.3.4 Speechless Radar Approach Procedures
3.3.4.1 A pilot may request a speechless Radar approach when microphone(s) is/are unservice-
able (carrier wave only available) by transmitting four (4) separate and distinct unmodulated trans-
missions of one (1) second duration.
3.3.4.2 Pilot responses to subsequent control questions:
a. affirmative or acknowledgement — one (1) distinct transmission;
b. negative — two (2) separate and distinct transmissions;
AUSTRALIA
c. say again — three (3) separate and distinct transmissions.

3.3.4.3 Pilot indicates a further and pertinent unserviceability or an emergency by five (5) sepa-
rate and distinct transmissions.
3.3.4.4 Pilot indicates abandoning the aircraft by a single continuous transmission as long as
practicable. Where possible the transmitter key is to be locked on.
3.3.4.5 When the controller requires the pilot to indicate when an instruction has been comple-
ted — the pilot will, when condition or instruction is completed, make a two (2) second transmis-
sion.
3.3.5 ADS-B Emergency Codes
3.3.5.1 Due to the ADS-B emergency processing limitations, if a generic ADS-B emergency indi-
cation is received from an aircraft outside of radar coverage and the flight crew does not verbally
communicate the nature of the emergency, the controller will use the procedures detailed in para
2.2.a.
4 COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVAID FAILURE

NOTE: In the event of complete failure of communications and navigation aids, maintain terrain
clearance throughout all procedures.
4.1 IF VFR IN CLASS G AIRSPACE

4.1.1 Stay in VMC. Broadcast intentions (assume transmitter is operating and prefix calls with
“TRANSMITTING BLIND”).
4.1.2 Remain VFR in Class G airspace and land at the nearest suitable aerodrome. Report
arrival to ATS if on SARTIME or reporting schedules.
4.2 IF IN CONTROLLED/RESTRICTED AIRSPACE OR IF IFR IN ANY

AIRSPACE
4.2.1 Squawk 7600 and listen out on ATIS and/or voice modulated navaids.
4.2.2 Transmit intentions and make normal position reports (assume transmitter is operating and
prefix calls with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”), and if in VMC and are certain of maintaining VMC.
4.2.3 Stay in VMC and land at the most suitable aerodrome (note special procedures if proceed-
ing to a Class D), or if in IMC or are uncertain of maintaining VMC.
4.2.4 If no clearance limit received and acknowledged, proceed in accordance with the latest
ATC route clearance acknowledged and climb to planned level.
4.2.5 If a clearance limit involving an altitude or route restriction has been received and acknowl-
edged:
a. maintain last assigned level, or minimum safe altitude if higher, for three (3) minutes, and/or
b. hold at nominated location for three (3) minutes, then
c. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged, and climb to plan-
ned level.
AUSTRALIA
4.2.6 If receiving an ATS surveillance service:

a. climb to MSA/LSALT, and,
b. if being vectored, maintain last assigned vector for two (2) minutes, then
c. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged.
4.2.7 If holding:
a. fly one more complete holding pattern, then
b. proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged.
5 EMERGENCY CHANGE OF LEVEL IN CONTROLLED

AIRSPACE
5.1 When an aircraft in controlled airspace is required to make a rapid change of flight level or
altitude because of technical trouble, severe weather conditions, or other reasons, the change will
be made as follows using urgency message format, stating level changes involved and diversions
if applicable:
a. Squawk SSR CODE 7700;
b. Transmit:
1. PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN, then
(a) agency being called;
(b) aircraft identification;
(c) nature of urgency problem;
(d) intention of person in command;
(e) present position, flight level or altitude and heading; and
(f) any other useful information.
6 FORCED LANDING/DITCHING
6.1 PRE-IMPACT ACTIONS
6.1.1 Activate crew impact instructions. If no prescribed drill, check:
a. preparation of aircraft for impact;
b. positioning of personnel;
c. activate ELT;
d. crew procedures for directing evacuation of aircraft in orderly manner; and
e. ready availability to crew members of charts showing emergency and distress communica-
tion facilities; i.e., location, call sign, frequency of:
1. aeronautical stations;
AUSTRALIA
2. DF stations;
3. coast radio stations guarding international distress frequencies.
6.1.2 Instruct passengers that they will be required to:
a. recognize the absolute authority of the pilot-in-command;
b. apply safety apparatus as instructed;
c. prepare for impact shock as instructed;
d. don protective clothing;
e. make an orderly exit from the aircraft; and
f. remain near the aircraft after the evacuation (at sea, secure life rafts and set sea anchor).
6.1.3 Immediately prior to impact, set radio apparatus for continuous operation unless the addi-
tional risk of fire is too great.
6.2 POST-IMPACT ACTIONS

6.2.1 Activate post-impact instructions. If no prescribed drill, check the following:
a. account for all personnel;
b. account for all distress facilities;
c. tend to the injured;
d. try to attract attention (radio, flares, smoke, mirrors, etc.);
e. display appropriate visual rescue signals;
f. keep personnel together;
g. utilize passenger resources; i.e., skill, knowledge, effort, etc.;
h. delegate duties as equitably as possible;
i. conserve resources; i.e., water, food, manpower, facilities;
j. maintain passenger morale; and
k. ensure ELT is activated.
l. Collect all food/water and useful equipment from the aircraft.
AUSTRALIA
INTERCEPTION
1 INTERCEPTION PROCEDURES
1.1 IDENTIFICATION
1.1.1 Aircraft which cannot be satisfactorily identified may be intercepted by fighter aircraft,
unless exempted in accordance with the following:
a. a flight originating within an ADIZ which maintains a steady outbound track;
b. a flight which remains within 10 NM of the point of departure;
c. aircraft performing published approach, holding or recovery procedures; and
d. a flight conducted in accordance with special procedures arranged with the Defense
Commander.
1.1.2 If any doubt arises as to the friendly intention of an aircraft, closer identification may be
necessary, in which case the identifying aircraft will maintain visual observation of the intercepted
aircraft, and:
a. approach at the same level from astern on a parallel course to the left of the aircraft to be
identified, with a minimum lateral displacement of 1000 FT or 300m;
b. if strictly necessary for identification, move closer while maintaining a generally parallel
course but never closer than 200m;
c. if identified as friendly, make the appropriate signal to proceed from a position slightly ahead,
by a climbing turn of 90° to port away from the intercepted aircraft, if permissible, considering
other air traffic.
1.1.4 Aircraft identified by intercept as:
a. Friendly — should then proceed according to flight plan and/or ATC instructions;
b. Unknown — should be prepared to be shadowed, diverted or instructed to land at a suitable
airfield;
c. Hostile — aircraft positively identified as “Hostile” may be engaged and destroyed.
1.2 ACTION BY INTERCEPTED AIRCRAFT

1.2.1 An aircraft which is intercepted by another aircraft must immediately:
a. follow the instructions given by the intercepting aircraft, interpreting and responding to visual
signals in accordance with paragraph 1.3;
b. notify, if possible, the appropriate ATS unit;
c. attempt to establish radio communication with the intercepting aircraft, or with the appropri-
ate intercept control unit, by making a general call on the emergency VHF frequency 121.5
MHz and repeating this call on the emergency VHF frequency 243 MHz, if practicable, giving
the identity and position of the aircraft and nature of the flight;
d. if equipped with SSR transponder, select code 7700, unless otherwise instructed by the
appropriate ATS unit.
AUSTRALIA
INTERCEPTION
e. if equipped with ADS-B or ADS-C, select the appropriate emergency functionality, if availa-
ble, unless otherwise instructed by the appropriate air traffic services unit.
1.2.2 If any instructions received by radio from any sources conflict with those given by the inter-
cepting aircraft by visual or radio signals, the intercepted aircraft shall request immediate clarifica-
tion while continuing to comply with the instructions given by the intercepting aircraft.
1.3 VISUAL SIGNALS FOR USE IN THE EVENT OF INTERCEPTION

1.3.1 Signals Initiated by Intercepting Aircraft
Ser- INTERCEPTING Meaning INTERCEPTED Meaning

ies Aircraft Signals Aircraft Responds
1 DAY – Rocking wings from You have been AIRPLANES: Under-
a position slightly above and intercepted. DAY – Rocking wings and stood, will
ahead of, and normally to Follow me. following. comply.
the left of intercepted air-
craft and, after acknowl-
edgement, a slow level turn,
normally to the left, on to the
desired heading.
AUSTRALIA
INTERCEPTION

NIGHT – Same and, in addi- NIGHT – Same and, in addi-
tion, flashing navigational tion, flashing navigational
lights at irregular intervals. lights at irregular intervals
and following.
NOTE:
HELICOPTERS:
a. Meteorological condi-
tions or terrain may re- DAY or NIGHT – Rocking air-
quire the intercepting craft, flashing navigational
aircraft to take up a po- lights at irregular intervals
sition slightly above and following.
and ahead of, and to
the right of the inter-
cepted aircraft and to
make the subsequent
turn to the right.
b. If the intercepted air-
craft is not able to keep
pace with the intercept-
ing aircraft, the latter is
expected to fly a series
of race-track patterns
and to rock its wings
each time it passes the
intercepted aircraft.
2 DAY or NIGHT – An abrupt You may pro- AIRPLANES: Under-
breakaway maneuver from ceed. DAY or NIGHT – Rocking stood, will
the intercepted aircraft con- wings. comply.
sisting of a climbing turn of
90° or more without cross- HELICOPTERS: DAY or
ing the line of flight of the in- NIGHT – Rocking aircraft.
tercepted aircraft.
3 DAY – Circling aerodrome, Land at this AIRPLANES: Under-
lowering landing gear and aerodrome. DAY – Lowering landing stood, will
overflying runway in direc- gear, following the intercept- comply.
tion of landing or, if the in- ing aircraft and, if, after over-
tercepted aircraft is a heli- flying the runway, landing is
copter, overflying the heli- considered safe, proceeding
copter landing area. to land.
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INTERCEPTION

NIGHT – Same and, in addi- NIGHT – Same and, in addi-
tion, showing steady landing tion, showing steady landing
lights. lights (if carried).
HELICOPTERS:
DAY or NIGHT – Following
the intercepting aircraft and
proceeding to land, showing
a steady landing light (if car-
ried).
1.3.2 Signals Initiated by Intercepted Aircraft
Series INTERCEPTED Meaning INTERCEPTING Meaning

Aircraft Signals Aircraft Responds
4 AIRPLANES: Aerodrome DAY or NIGHT – If it is de- Under-
DAY – Raising landing you have sired that the intercepted air- stood, fol-
gear while passing over designated craft follow the intercepting low me.
landing runway at a height is inade- aircraft to an alternate aero-
exceeding 300m (1000FT) quate. drome, the intercepting air-
but not exceeding 600m craft raises its landing gear
(2000FT) above the aero- and uses the Series 1 sig-
drome level, and continu- nals prescribed for intercept-
ing to circle the aero- ing aircraft.
drome.
NIGHT – Flashing landing If it is decided to release the Under-
lights while passing over intercepted aircraft, the inter- stood, you
landing runway at a height cepting aircraft uses the Ser- may pro-
exceeding 300m (1000FT) ies 2 signals prescribed for ceed.
but not exceeding 600m intercepting aircraft.
(2000FT) above the aero-
drome level, and continu-
ing to circle the aero-
drome. If unable to flash
landing lights, flash any
other lights available.
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INTERCEPTION
Series INTERCEPTED Meaning INTERCEPTING Meaning

Aircraft Signals Aircraft Responds
5 AIRPLANES: Cannot DAY or NIGHT – Use Series Under-
DAY or NIGHT – Regular comply. 2 signals prescribed for in- stood.
switching on an off of all tercepting aircraft.
available lights but in such
a manner as to be distinct
from flashing lights.
6 AIRPLANES/HELICOP- In distress. DAY or NIGHT – Use Series Under-
TERS: 2 signals prescribed for in- stood.
DAY or NIGHT – Irregular tercepting aircraft.
flashing of all available
lights.
NOTE: Signals are applicable both within and outside an ADIZ.
1.4 RADIO COMMUNICATION DURING INTERCEPTION

1.4.1 If radio communication is established during interception but communication in a common
language is not possible, attempts must be made to convey and acknowledge instructions and
essential information by using the following phrases and pronunciations, and transmitting each
phrase twice.
Phrases for use by INTERCEPTING aircraft Phrases for use by INTERCEPTED aircraft
1 2 3 4
Phrase Meaning Phrase Meaning
CALL SIGN What is your call sign? CALL SIGN (call sign)1 My call sign is (call
sign)
FOLLOW Follow me WILCO Understood Will Com-
ply
DESCEND Descend for landing CAN NOT Unable to comply
YOU LAND Land at this aerodrome REPEAT Repeat your instruction
PROCEED You may proceed AM LOST Position unknown
MAYDAY I am in distress
HIJACK2 I have been hijacked
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INTERCEPTION
LAND I request to land

DESCEND I require descent
1 The call sign required is that used with ATS and corresponding to the aircraft identification in
the flight plan.
2 Circumstances may not always permit, nor make desirable, the use of the phrase “HIJACK”.
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RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING SERVICES
1 GENERAL
1.1 Rescue and Fire Fighting (RFF) services are provided at certain aerodromes according to
the type of aircraft normally using that aerodrome and the frequency of aircraft operations.
2 AERODROME CATEGORY
2.1 RFF facilities are allocated a category from 1 to 9 as listed in the AIRPORT DIRECTORY.
3 HOURS OF SERVICE
3.1 Information regarding the hours of service of RFF is available from all ATS units.
4 COMMUNICATIONS
4.1 ARFF EMERGENCY FREQUENCY
4.1.1 To enhance the safe management of emergency situations involving aircraft, a national
ARFF Emergency Frequency (131.0 MHz) is available for direct communication between the Fire
Commander and affected flight crew during an airport emergency. ATC must be advised of an
intention to operate on the frequency.
4.1.2 All communication with ATC during an airport emergency must be conducted on the
normal ATC frequencies.
4.1.3 The Fire Commander will keep ATC informed of the incident action plan.
5 AERODROME EMERGENCIES
5.1 GENERAL
5.1.1 This section explains the terms that are used to classify aerodrome emergencies and
defines the degree of response required from agencies involved in the Aerodrome Emergency
Plan (AEP).
5.2 LOCAL STANDBY

5.2.1 A Local Standby is declared when activation of only the airport-based agencies involved in
the Aerodrome Emergency Plan (AEP) is warranted. A Local Standby will be the normal response
when an aircraft approaching an airport is known or is suspected to have developed some defect,
but the trouble is not such as would normally involve any serious difficulty in effecting a safe land-
ing.
5.2.2 The normal response to a Local Standby will be from the (on-airport) Airservices/RAAF
Rescue and Fire Fighting Service (RFFS) and the Aerodrome Safety Officer. No outside services
will respond. At an aerodrome without RFFS facilities, the response (if any) to a declaration of a
Local Standby will be set out in the AEP.
5.2.3 For the purposes of activating an AEP, a “PAN” call from an aircraft will result in the decla-
ration of not less than a Local Standby.
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RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING SERVICES
5.3 FULL EMERGENCY

5.3.1 A Full Emergency is declared when activation of more than just airport-based responding
agencies is advisable. A Full Emergency will be declared when an aircraft approaching the airport
is known or suspected to be in such trouble that there is danger of an accident. In order to provide
the appropriate response, one of the following levels must be used by ATS in declaring the Full
Emergency to outside services:
a. Level I — up to 18 seats (ATC - Light);
b. Level II — up to 215 seats (ATC - Medium);
c. Level III — up to 560 seats (ATC - Heavy).
5.3.2 When a Full Emergency has been declared, the response will be from all services includ-
ing on-airport services according to the level (I, II or III) notified.
5.3.3 If a pilot declares a “MAYDAY”, then this equates to a Full Emergency situation. The AEP
will then be activated by declaring “FULL EMERGENCY LEVEL (I, II or III)”.
5.4 CRASH ON AIRPORT

5.4.1 The response to a crash on the airport will be the same as for a Full Emergency.
5.5 OTHER SITUATIONS

5.5.1 For an aerodrome where there is no on-airport fire service or when the airport fire service
has been stood down, ATS will state “THERE IS NO ON-AIRPORT FIRE SERVICE AT YOUR
INTENDED AERODROME. WHAT SERVICES DO YOU REQUIRE?” ATS will then activate the
AEP at the appropriate level. The AEP will cover this situation to ensure that an over-response is
not made.
5.6 PHRASEOLOGY
5.6.1 Standard phraseology exists for the declaration of abnormal and emergency operations;
i.e., “PAN” and “MAYDAY”. Pilots are reminded that timely use of these phrases will get the level
of response required. The use of non-standard terminology can lead to misinterpretation of a
pilot’s requirements. This does not preclude ATS requesting confirmation of a pilot’s require-
ments; e.g., “DO YOU WISH THE AIRPORT TO BE PLACED ON LOCAL STANDBY?”
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
1 PURPOSE
1.1 The purpose of the Search and Rescue (SAR) organization is to provide assistance to air-
craft in distress and to search for, provide aid to, and organize the rescue of survivors of aircraft
accidents and forced landings.
2 RESPONSIBLE AUTHORITY
2.1 Airservices Australia is responsible for the provision of a SAR alerting and in-flight emer-
gency response service. AusSAR is responsible for the conduct of SAR for missing aircraft, air-
craft reported crashed, and ELT searches within the Search and Rescue Region (SRR) under
Australian jurisdiction.
3 ORGANIZATION
3.1 AusSAR have established an aviation Rescue Coordination Centre in Canberra which is
responsible for the coordination of SAR efforts within the Australian SRR. Refer to the chart at
paragraph 6.
4 RESCUE COORDINATION CENTERS

4.1 Search and Rescue Region location and address:
AUSTRALIA RCC
AusSAR
Address: 25 Constitution Avenue
Canberra City
ACT
2601
– or –
AusSAR
Canberra City
ACT
2601
Tel: 1-800-815 257
Fax: 1 800-622 153
AFTN: YSARYCYX
5 PROCEDURES
5.1 EMERGENCY PHASES
5.1.1 All ATS units have been designated as alerting posts and are responsible for the declara-
tion of the appropriate emergency phase.
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
5.1.2 Three phases of emergency have been established for classifying emergency situations
and are declared in accordance with the following paragraphs.
5.1.2.1 Uncertainty Phase (INCERFA) when:
a. doubt exists as to the safety of an aircraft and its occupants; or
b. an aircraft operating in accordance with SAR procedures fails to report and communication
checks fail to reveal any news of the aircraft; or
c. an aircraft is known or believed to be subject to irregular operations, namely, when it is expe-
riencing navigational, altitude or communication difficulties; or
d. an aircraft is about to make or has made a landing other than a forced landing, where the
position is in doubt, on an unprepared surface or on an aerodrome that is operationally
unsuitable; or
e. information is received that an aircraft is missing.
5.1.2.2 Alert Phase (ALERFA) when:
a. apprehension exists as to the safety of the aircraft and its occupants; or
b. an aircraft fails to land within 5 minutes of having received a landing or approach clearance
and communication cannot be re-established with the aircraft; or
c. following an Uncertainty Phase, subsequent communication checks or enquiries fail to reveal
any news of the aircraft; or
d. information has been received that the operating efficiency of the aircraft has been impaired
to the extent that the safety of the aircraft may be affected; or
e. there is reason to believe that the safe conduct of a flight is in jeopardy; or
f. an aircraft operating in IMC or at night when it should not be.
5.1.2.3 Distress Phase (DETRESFA) when;
a. there is reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by grave and
imminent danger and require immediate assistance; or
b. an aircraft is known or believed to be subject to unlawful interference; or
c. following the Alert Phase there is the probability that an aircraft is in distress; or
d. the fuel on board is considered to be exhausted or insufficient to reach safety unless a SAR-
TIME has been notified; or
e. an aircraft is likely to or about to make, or has made, a forced landing or has ditched or
crashed.
5.2 PILOT NOTIFICATION

5.2.1 The efficacy of the SAR action by the Airservices or AusSAR is directly related to the
amount and accuracy of details notified in the flight plan or flight note, and to any position details
reported in flight. When notifying of in-flight difficulties, early advice of and the degree of appre-
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
hension felt by the pilot will enhance the assistance which can be provided by the ground organi-
zation.
5.2.2 When a pilot lands at a place other than an aerodrome included in the flight notification,
the pilot should report the fact to ATS, AusSAR, or the police as soon as possible.
5.3 FLIGHT NOTES

5.3.1 Persons maintaining a SARWATCH by means of a Flight Note must contact AusSAR in
the event that the flight becomes overdue.
5.4 ADVICE TO PILOT

5.4.1 If a phase declaration concerns a technical difficulty, the operating company, if applicable,
will normally be advised. Subsequent advice relating to the difficulty will be restricted to that
authorized by the company and will be prefixed “YOUR COMPANY ADVISES”.
6 SEARCH AND RESCUE REGIONS AND FACILITIES

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7 INFLIGHT EMERGENCY RESPONSE ACTION

7.1 RADIO FAILURE OR FAILURE TO REPORT
7.1.1 On the basis that only the aircraft’s transmitter may have failed and that ground transmis-
sions can still be received, broadcasts will be made from suitable stations, including some radio
navigation aids, that may include as appropriate:
a. lowest safe altitudes;
b. direction, bearings, DR position or headings to steer if practicable;
c. emergency aerodromes;
d. weather conditions at destination and alternates;
e. ditching weather report; and
f. separation action being taken by ATC.
7.2 NAVIGATIONAL ASSISTANCE

7.2.1 All available navigation aids which may be of use to the aircraft will be switched on and
non-continuous aids may also be activated. Furthermore:
a. ATS surveillance system equipped units will keep a look-out for the aircraft;
b. aerodrome lighting may be activated; and
c. if the aircraft can advise its last known position, and headings, speed and times flown since
that position, an air plot can be made, actual winds added and a DR position and heading to
steer passed to the aircraft on an advisory basis.
7.3 INTERCEPT AND ESCORT

7.3.1 Arrangements may be made to escort an aircraft experiencing abnormal operations.
7.4 DITCHING
7.4.1 When a ditching is likely, the RCC will obtain the positions of ships along the aircraft’s
route and advise the pilot, and:
a. Attempts will be made to arrange a direct speech link or a rapid relay system between the
aircraft and a selected ship;
b. Weather reports, including sea conditions and a selected ditching heading, will be passed to
the aircraft; and
c. Arrangements may be made for ships to provide navigational assistance, lighting and reduce
the effects of the sea, swell or wind.
8 THIRD PARTY EMERGENCY REPORTING

8.1 A pilot observing another aircraft or surface craft in distress and is able to assist should:
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
a. Remain in the vicinity or as directed otherwise and keep the aircraft, surface craft or dis-
tressed personnel in sight;
b. Turn on automatic emergency radio equipment unless:
1. accurate position fixing is possible; and
2. two-way communications exist with ATS.
c. Report the following information as applicable to the responsible ATS:
1. Type of aircraft or surface craft;
2. Location of distress incident in latitude and longitude, geographical point or bearing and
distance from some fixed point; and
3. Details regarding the number of personnel concerned, whether known to be afloat and
the apparent physical condition of survivors.
d. Alert coast and ship stations by transmitting on international distress frequencies 2182,
4125, 6215 or 8291 kHz.
e. Transmit on any frequency which will enable other craft to home to the distress location;
f. Call to surface craft to render assistance by use of maneuvers set out below or otherwise by
communication on 2182 or 4125 kHz, or 156.8 MHz (VHF channel 16);
g. Attempt to establish communication with the aircraft in distress when requested by ATC;
h. Before departing from the area, turn off automatic emergency radio equipment.
9 SEARCH AND RESCUE SIGNALS

9.1 ASSISTANCE OF SURFACE CRAFT
9.1.1 To direct a surface craft to the scene of a distress incident:
a. circle the vessel at least once;
b. fly across the bow of the vessel at low level while rocking wings, opening and closing throt-
tles or changing propeller pitch if possible; and
c. head in the direction required.
9.1.1.1 Visual signals by surface craft:
a. Acknowledge: Red and white vertical striped flag or flashing of a series of “T’s” by light;
b. Unable to Comply: Square blue and white checkered flag or the flashing of a series of “N’s”
by light.
9.1.2 When assistance is no longer required fly across the stern of the vessel at low level, rock-
ing wings, opening and closing throttles or changing propeller pitch if possible.
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
9.2 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AUSTRALIA (EMA)

9.2.1 During relief operations mounted in time of floods, bushfires or other disasters, ground/air
signals may be used to indicate requirements.
9.2.2 Aircraft engaged by the relevant State Emergency Service to survey the area will be brie-
fed to watch for emergency signals. Pilots of other aircraft, not involved in relief operations, should
report sightings to the nearest Flight Service or Air Traffic Control unit.
9.2.3 Pilots need to be aware of the importance of indicating the actual signal seen as an
attempt to interpret the signal may be confusing to those receiving the message.
9.3 GROUND-AIR VISUAL CODE FOR USE BY SURVIVORS
No. MESSAGE CODE SYMBOL

1 Require assistance V
2 Require medical assistance X
3 Proceeding in this direction
4 Yes or Affirmative Y
5 No or Negative N
IF IN DOUBT USE INTERNATIONAL SYMBOL SOS
9.4 GROUND-AIR VISUAL CODE FOR USE BY GROUND SEARCH

PARTIES
No. MESSAGE CODE SYMBOL

1 Operation completed LLL
2 We have found all personnel LL
3 We have found only some personnel ++
4 We are not able to continue. Returning to base XX
5 We have divided into two groups, each proceeding in direc-
tion indicated
6 Information received that aircraft is in this direction
7 Nothing found. Will continue to search NN

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SEARCH AND RESCUE
9.5 GROUND-AIR EMERGENCY SIGNALS IN USE FOR AUSTRALIAN CIVIL

EMERGENCIES
No. SIGNAL MEANING TO AIRCRAFT

1 FF REQUIRE FODDER
2 III REQUIRE EVACUATION
3 VI POWER FAILURE
9.6 VISUAL DISTRESS SIGNALS — SMALL VESSELS

9.6.1 Either of the two signals shown below may be displayed by small vessels. The signals are
for use ONLY in the Australian Search and Rescue Area. The signal sheets are rectangular, col-
ored international orange, with black symbols. The signals have the following meaning — “I AM IN
DISTRESS AND REQUIRE ASSISTANCE”.
9.7 AIR-GROUND CODE IN USE BY AUSTRALIAN CIVIL AUTHORITIES

9.7.1 Aircraft orbits ground party at low level changing engine noise:
MEANING — I require your attention.
9.7.2 Aircraft flies overhead ground party at low level and sets off in a particular direction:
MEANING — Follow aircraft in same direction.
9.7.3 Aircraft rocks wings and orbits:
MEANING — Investigate object/position underneath aircraft orbit.
9.7.4 Aircraft drops smoke on a particular location:
MEANING — Investigate object/position adjacent to smoke.
9.7.5 Aircraft drops message canister:
MEANING — Retrieve and read instructions contained in canister.
9.8 STANDARD AIRCRAFT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

9.8.1 The following signals by aircraft mean that the signals have been understood
a. During the hours of daylight – rocking the aircraft’s wings.
b. During the hours of darkness – by flashing the aircraft’s landing or navigation lights on or off
twice.
Lack of the above signal indicates that the message has not been understood.
9.8.2 The “GROUND – AIR VISUAL SIGNAL CODE FOR USE BY SURVIVORS” conforms to
ICAO and NATO standards.
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
10 PARTICIPATION IN SEARCHES
10.1 GENERAL
10.1.1 When requested by the Australian RCC to carry out a SAR operation, the aircraft and
crew are deemed to be hired by AusSAR.
10.2 CHARGES FOR AIRCRAFT USE

10.2.1 Expenses incurred by the owner of an aircraft engaged in SAR operations at the direction
of the Australian RCC may be recovered from AusSAR. The hourly payment rate for search and
rescue flying should be negotiated between AusSAR and the operator concerned.
10.3 BRIEFING
10.3.1 Whenever possible the pilot of a search aircraft should contact the RCC to confirm the
briefing prior to the search commencing.
10.4 DEBRIEFING
10.4.1 Pilots should present a post-flight report to the RCC as soon as possible after completion
of the flight.
10.5 SAFETY
10.5.1 Civil aircraft engaged in SAR operations are required to comply with the Civil Aviation
Regulations. If a breach of the Regulations is required in order to relieve a person from grave and
imminent danger, and failure to do so is likely to result in loss of life or serious permanent disabil-
ity, a Mercy Flight must be declared or an alternative course of action taken.
10.5.2 Details of Mercy Flights are contained in ATC Special Operations and Requirements.
11 AIR SEARCH PATTERNS

11.1 GENERAL
11.1.1 This section is included to assist pilots of aircraft engaged in air search operations. The
information is necessarily brief and it is recommended that a full preflight briefing be obtained
whenever time and/or circumstances permit.
11.2 VISUAL SEARCH

11.2.1 Visual search patterns are divided into six main groups, which are briefly described
below. In the diagrams, “S” represents track spacing; i.e., the distance in nautical miles between
successive tracks flown by the search aircraft, and will be specified by the RCC as part of the
briefing or by the assessed visual range of the day.
11.2.1.1 Trackline Search — A trackline pattern is most often used in an initial reaction. It is
very suitable for use by an aircraft available at, or near, the time of a reported distress. The
assumptions made are that survivors will be found on, or close to, the planned route of the miss-
ing craft, that the distressed craft is easily discernible, or that survivors will be capable of signaling
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
should an aircraft be seen or heard. It provides a rapid and reasonably thorough coverage of a
missing craft’s planned route, and the immediately adjacent area.
11.2.1.2 Parallel Track Search — Search legs are aligned parallel to the major axis of the
search area. The pattern is best used in rectangular or square areas. It is a very suitable pattern
for a search conducted over water.
11.2.1.3 Creeping Line Search — The creeping line pattern differs from the parallel track pat-
tern in that the search legs are parallel to the minor axis.
11.2.1.4 Square Search — The aircraft is flown to make good the tracks shown in the following
diagram. Turns may be to the left, or right, depending upon the observer positions. The first two
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
tracks are flown for a distance equal to “S”, the third and fourth for a distance equal to twice “S”,
the fifth and sixth for three times “S”, and so on.
11.2.1.4.1 The final track to the start point should be the same as the initial search track. Obser-
vations should start at a distance of “S” before reaching the most probable position to avoid leav-
ing an unscanned portion near the start point. Observers should be briefed to pay particular atten-
tion to the scanning of the areas outwards of each turn to avoid leaving unscanned areas during
the turns.
11.2.1.4.2 A square search should be planned so that whenever possible the approach to the
most probable position (MPP), and the first leg, is made into the wind.
11.2.1.5 Sector Search — This pattern is employed when the position of distress is known
within close limits and the area to be searched is not extensive. It is simple to execute and pro-
vides greater navigational accuracy than a square search. The track spacing reduces towards the
center, resulting in a greater probability of detection in the area where the target is most likely to
be located.
11.2.1.5.1 Radius of search, angular displacement and mean track spacing (MTS) are specified
with the briefing.
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11.2.1.6 Contour Search — This procedure requires an aircraft to be flown at selected contour
levels, adjacent to the side of a mountain, starting at the highest selective level.
11.3 ELECTRONIC SEARCH

11.3.1 Electronic searching is used to search for survivors who may have activated a VHF (or
VHF/ UHF) Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT). An aircraft equipped with a VHF receiver may
locate a survival transmitter using procedures which are based on the assumption that an undis-
torted radiation pattern is approximately circular. A searchmeter may be used to assist a search
operation and is basically a signal strength meter which can be plugged into an aircraft VHF
receiver.
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
11.3.2 Non-Searchmeter Procedures

11.3.2.1 The following procedures should be used during initial aural search without a search-
meter:
a. Set the aircraft receiver to its most sensitive condition — squelch disabled;
b. Note and report the position at which the signal is first heard (SH) and fades (SF) and do not
change altitude or the condition of the radio;
c. After the signal has faded select a heading estimated to take the aircraft through the radia-
tion pattern, but ignore any beacon signals received during the turn;
d. Continue chording the radiation pattern until it is possible to establish a “cocked hat” for the
probable position of the beacon;
e. Carry out a final homing.
11.3.2.2 The final homing procedures without a searchmeter are:

a. Track towards the estimated center of the radiation pattern. Set the aircraft receiver to its
most sensitive condition and descend, if possible, to be between 1000' and 2000' AGL in the
estimated center. When the signal from the beacon is very strong and very clear, check on
the adjacent frequencies of 121.45 or 121.55 MHz;
b. Traverse the area bounded by the “cocked hat”, listening for the beacon signal on the adja-
cent frequency;
c. On hearing the signal on the adjacent frequency, select and fly a heading which results in a
stronger signal. As the signal increases in strength, check further off frequency and descend
as required. At this stage it is most important that each track should be a straight line. Heli-
copter pilots should avoid any tendency to orbit a suspected site;
d. The accuracy of the homing will usually depend upon how far off frequency the signal can be
heard. It will be found that a signal being received on, for example, 121.3 or 121.7 MHz (over
land) will rise to a sharp peak only as the search aircraft passes over the beacon site at 500'
AGL. Where the terrain is heavily timbered such as a rain forest, helicopter pilots should
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SEARCH AND RESCUE
descend to lower levels and tune further off frequency to achieve greater accuracy. It is
important to use only information gained during straight and level flight;
e. Where the signal is irregular, it is usually because the beacon is located amongst obstacles
such as trees, rocks, wreckage, etc. The resultant radiation pattern is no longer circular and
the signal heard/signal fade principles no longer apply.
11.3.3 Searchmeter Procedures

11.3.3.1 The following procedures should be used during aural search with a searchmeter:
a. Set the aircraft receiver to its most sensitive condition — squelch disabled;
b. Plug the searchmeter into the SAR outlet;
c. Fly as high as practicable for aircraft type and weather conditions;
d. On receiving the emergency signal, advise the Rescue Coordination Centre (RCC) of posi-
tion, heading and indicated airspeed.
11.3.3.1.1 The radiation pattern from a beacon can either be approximately circular (regular) or
lobular (distorted). Where the signal received from the beacon is constant the following proce-
dures should be used:
a. Fly a heading which will result in an increase in the reading on the searchmeter. Maintain
this heading at a constant altitude and airspeed;
b. Note the time and aircraft position at each half division on the searchmeter;
c. Continue with a. above until readings on the searchmeter decrease. Select two positions of
equal reading and return to the mid position;
d. On arriving at the mid position, turn 90° and note the readings on the searchmeter. If the
meter readings decrease, turn 180° and proceed to determine two further positions of equal
signal strength then return to the mid position;
e. When it becomes apparent that the beacon is close, descend, if possible, to an altitude
approximately 2000' clearance above terrain within approximately 10 NM of the search air-
craft;
f. By continuing the boxing-in technique it should be possible to estimate the position of the
beacon to within an area of 24 square miles;
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g. The beacon site may be located with greater accuracy by detuning the VHF receiver to
121.45 or 121.4 MHz while close to the transmitter and noting the position on the ground
over which there is maximum searchmeter deflection. The receiver may also be detuned to
121.55 or 121.6 MHz. With the search aircraft 500' AGL and the receiver tuned to 121.3 or
121.7 MHz, the signal will only be heard within 200 – 300 meters of the beacon sight.
11.3.3.2 Where the signal from the beacon is broken and distorted, it is probably because the
beacon is among obstacles, such as wreckage, trees, rocks, etc., which causes the signal to be
absorbed or reflected, forming lobes.
11.3.3.3 With the search aircraft flying along the track indicated below, the searchmeter needle
would rise and fall, corresponding with the passage of the aircraft through successive lobes where
the signal could be heard. In between the lobes there would be receiver noise and no signal. Pro-
vided the aircraft is several thousand feet above the terrain, it may be assumed that the signal is
being received direct from the beacon rather than by reflection from the surrounding terrain. Thus
by following a lobe the search aircraft will be guided direct to the beacon.
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11.3.3.4 When the ratio between the beacon signal and the background hash begins to favor
the latter, alter heading until only a clear signal can be heard. The signal from the beacon should
be continuous with clarity improving as the search aircraft approaches the beacon.
11.3.3.5 Once a heading has been established, note the searchmeter readings. The readings
will increase as the aircraft approaches the beacon site reaching a maximum when about to over-
fly. The position of the beacon may be located with greater accuracy by progressively detuning
the VHF receiver to 121.3 or 121.7 MHz.
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11.3.3.6 Overwater Searches

11.3.3.6.1 The principles of an overwater search using a searchmeter are similar to those used
for a regular pattern. However, the following differences should be noted:
a. The radiation pattern from a beacon transmitting overwater will generally be much larger
than if the beacon was on land. This could be up to 90 NM to an aircraft flying at 10,000', and
180 NM at 30,000';
b. Some older marine beacons have an interrupted carrier.
c. Where a search aircraft is operating at an altitude of 10,000' or less and has a searchmeter
reading of more than four, the pilot should check on the adjacent frequency of 121.45 or
121.55 MHz. If the signal can be heard on that frequency, albeit faintly, the search aircraft
will be within 15 NM of the beacon.
11.4 MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN

11.4.1 A beacon which is activated in mountainous terrain may be likened to an electric light
bulb illuminated in a model of the same area. The pilot of an aircraft flying in areas where the light
is reflected would be able to receive signals which are reflected. From positions where the light
could be seen direct, signals would be received directly from the beacon or, conversely, where
there were no reflections and the light could not be seen, there would be no signals. Signals radi-
ating from a beacon in rough country are absorbed, reflected and reinforced to form isolated
patches of strong signal which tend to hinder rather than assist the location of the beacon.
11.4.2 To avoid possible confusion from reflected signals, it is essential that the search aircraft
conduct a homing from an altitude above all terrain in the general area. This does not apply to
search aircraft flying in valleys or behind mountains in order to ascertain where the beacon signal
cannot be heard.
12 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT)

12.1 GENERAL
12.1.1 Australian aircraft (except exempted aircraft) are required to be fitted with or to carry an
ELT in accordance with the requirements of CAR 252A (not published herein).
NOTE: While the installation and use of automatic ELTs saves lives, improper use will lead to
false alarms and a resultant strain on scarce SAR resources.
12.1.2 Pilots should monitor 121.5 MHz before engine start and after shutdown. Reception of an
ELT transmission must be reported to ATS or RCC immediately.
12.1.3 If an ELT has been inadvertently activated, this must also be reported to ATS or the RCC
immediately. If the ELT has been activated for more than ten seconds contact Search and
Rescue on 1 800 815 257.
12.1.4 Operational tests must be limited to five seconds, and the preferred procedure is that
they be conducted within the first five minutes of the hour. AusSAR must be notified in advance of
the test and, where the beacon is operated on 406 MHz, its HexID must be provided. Detailed
ELT testing procedures can be found on the AMSA website.
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12.2 ACTIVATION
12.2.1 An Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) is a valuable search aid if an aircraft is forced
down. However, to obtain maximum benefit from the transmitter and to assist search aircraft, it is
necessary to observe a few guidelines for the activation of the ELT.
12.2.2 If in water and the beacon is buoyant, the ELT should be activated in the water and
allowed to float to the end of the lanyard with the aerial vertical. Do not hoist the ELT up a mast.
The performance of an ELT is degraded when it is raised above the water surface.
12.2.3 Life may depend on the correct use of the ELT; study the manufacturer’s instructions
thoroughly and keep them in an emergency kit.
12.2.4 If forced down:
a. Activate the ELT immediately;
b. Where the ELT is permanently installed in the aircraft, activate the beacon in situ;
c. Where the ELT is not permanently installed in the aircraft, select an elevated site clear of
trees, boulders etc., and reasonably close to the aircraft.
d. Place the beacon on the ground on an earth mat. If an earth mat is not available, place the
ELT on the wing of the aircraft or another metal reflective surface.
e. Secure the ELT with rocks, sticks, tape etc., so that the aerial will remain vertical. Avoid any-
thing touching the antennae as this will degrade ELT performance.
f. Remain clear of the ELT. Obstacles near the ELT will distort the radiation pattern.
g. An ELT which is damaged or under wreckage may still transmit some signal. Always activate
the ELT.
h. Do not switch off the ELT unless rescue is no longer required.
i. To avoid confusing COSPAS/SARSAT and direction finding equipment, avoid activating two
or more ELTs within 1 NM of each other.
12.2.5 In many cases, using an earth mat will increase the effective range of a portable ELT by
50%. A simple and effective earth mat can be made by using household aluminum foil to make a
120 centimeter square, folded and taped to the unit. To use the earth mat, unfold and place it flat
on the ground, securing edges with dirt or rocks. Activate the ELT and place it on the mat.
12.3 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT) CHARACTERISTICS

12.3.1 Frequency 406 MHz (digital) and 121.5 MHz (analog) and, in some instances, 243 MHz.
12.3.2 121.5 and 243 MHz Modulation
a. Continuous carrier continuously modulated at the rate of three (3) swept tones per second
(no pauses);
b. Some older marine beacons transmit the carrier on for one (1) second then off for one (1)
second, modulation three swept tones per second. This results in the tones being received in
evenly spaced groups of three with a distinct one second pause between groups.
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c. Some foreign marine beacons vary from the above; e.g., there is a European beacon pulsing
in groups of two tones.
12.3.3 Reports
a. Report all signals received;
b. State characteristics;
c. When giving signal heard/signal fade positions, include aircraft level and squelch disabled
(MAX HASH) information. This is necessary for plotting;
d. Advise if signal commenced/ended gradually or abruptly;
e. Do not alter squelch setting unless requested.
NOTE: RCCs can demonstrate the above signals on request.
13 SURVIVAL RADIO EQUIPMENT

13.1 International flights must be equipped with ELTs as follows:
a. When over water, in accordance with the relevant ICAO Standard and Recommended Prac-
tices (SARPS) which are:
1. for International Commercial Air Transport, paras 6.17.1 to 6.17.3 of ICAO Annex 6,
Part 1, International Commercial Air Transport – Aeroplanes;
2. for International General Aviation, paras 6.12.1 to 6.12.3 of ICAO Annex 6, Part II, Inter-
national General Aviation – Aeroplanes.
b. When over land; in accordance with the relevant ICAO Standard and Recommended Practi-
ces (SARPS) which are:
1. for International Commercial Air Transport, paras 6.17.4 to 6.17.6 of ICAO Annex 6,
Part 1, International Commercial Air Transport – Aeroplanes;
2. for International General Aviation, para 6.12.4 to 6.12.6 of ICAO Annex 6, Part 2, Inter-
national General Aviation – Aeroplanes.
13.2 For these purposes, the whole of Australia is a designated area (Annex 6 not published
herein).
13.3 Domestic flights are required to carry survival radio equipment in accordance with CAO
20.11 (not published herein).
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Alone and injured, people have survived in almost impossible circumstances. The determi-
nation to beat the situation and the will to survive is the survivor's strongest weapons. Military
SAR will not give up searching for downed aircrew .
1.2 The peacetime priorities of survival are as listed below:
a. Protection: The elements of protection are:
1. First Aid – Breathing must be restarted within 3 minutes;
2. Clothing;
3. Shelter – In harsh weather a shelter will be required in less than 3 hours; and
4. Fire.
b. Location: Most survivors are located within 3 days.
c. Water: In Australia’s arid center water must be found within 3 days.
d. Food: Survival without food for at least 30 days is possible. Therefore, food is the lowest pri-
ority. Food information is contained in the JUNGLE SURVIVAL section.
1.3 Basic survival rules are outlined in the following sections:
a. Location.
b. First Aid;
c. Desert Survival;
d. Sea Survival;
e. Jungle Survival; and
f. Cold Weather Survival.
1.4 Rapidly adapt to the new situation – DO NOT WASTE TIME. Even if SAR is expected
quickly develop a plan of action that will assist SAR and improve living conditions. Start working to
beat the situation as soon as possible.
2 LOCATION
2.1 SAFETY EQUIPMENT
2.2 When moving always carry location aids and protect them from deterioration. Do not fire
pyrotechnics until SAR is sighted. Consider the best use of aids:
a. survival radios/beacons;
b. signal mirror;
c. day/night flares;
d. rockets;
e. strobe;
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f. signal panels; and

g. sea dye marker.
2.3 IMPROVISED AIDS

a. Improve rescue chances by constructing fires and ground signals.
b. Signal fires:
1. Initially use campfire;
2. 3 fires 30 meters apart in line or triangle;
3. Burn greenery or wreckage to produce smoke during the day.
2.4 GROUND SIGNALS

Ground signals should be 1 meter wide and 6 meters long and must contrast with the environ-
ment by using angles, color, reflective material and shadow.
3 FIRST AID
3.1 FIRST AID KITS IN AIRCRAFT:
LOW CAPACITY AIRCRAFT LESS THAN 30 PAX
Recommended Contents
Quantity Item
1 First Aid Manual
1 Airway Tube
1 4” Scissors
5 Safety Pins
1 Single Edge Blade
2 pr Disposable Gloves
1 Triangular Bandage
3 White Open Weave Bandages, 7.5cm
3 Plain Wound Dressings, No. 9
1 pkt Elastoplast Miscellaneous Dressings
10 Sterile Strip Sutures
1 Micropore 2” Tape
2 Eye Pads, No. 16
2 Crepe Bandages, 6”
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Quantity Item
1 pkt White Lint Gauze
1 pkt 15g Cotton Wool
2 pcs Vaseline Impregnated Gauze
1 150ml Eye Irrigation Liquid
2 pkts Savlodil Antiseptic Solution
1 tube Antiseptic Cream
1 tube Calamine Cream, 50g
20 Panadeine CO Tablets
1 pkt Band-Aids
3.2 FIRST AID – ADULTS

a. Reassure the casualty.
b. Always monitor ABC (see para 3.5)/ level of consciousness in every case.
c. Give oxygen.
d. Aviation Rescue Fire Fighting provide: First Aid response, Oxygen & Defibrillation.
3.3 THE CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

a. Early access to emergency services;
b. Early CPR to buy time for defibrillation;
c. Early defibrillation to revert heart back to normal rhythm;
d. Early advanced life support for drug administration and advanced airway management.
3.4 DANGER
a. Protect yourself, then others, then the casualty.
b. If unsafe – remain clear.
c. Move casualty only to prevent further injury/allow urgent treatment.
3.5 RESPONSE / ABC

Is the casualty conscious? Check ABC.
a. Airway – must be clear and open. Roll onto side only if there is a need to clear the airway;
b. Breathing – mouth to mask/mouth/nose, 10-12 inflations per minute. If available, use
oxygen ;
c. Circulation:
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1. Check pulse at neck. If absent, or unsure if absent, start chest compressions 80-100
per minute;
2. 1 & 2 operator CPR: 15 compressions/2 breaths (5-6 cycles per minute);
3. If unconscious and breathing more than 10 times per minute with chest raise and fall,
place in a stable side position.
d. Monitor pulse and respirations, maintain ABC.
3.6 HEAD INJURY

a. Lay with injured side down, if possible;
b. Do not give drugs, water or food.
3.7 STOP BLEEDING

a. Apply direct pressure to wound with gloved hands/bandages;
b. If direct pressure is insufficient, use a broad bandage to apply constrictive pressure at top of
affected limb;
c. Do not remove embedded objects. Use a ring pad around protrusions;
d. Elevate the limb, unless broken;
e. Tourniquet not used.
3.8 CHEST INJURY

a. Cover sucking chest wounds with a non-porous bandage sealed on three sides (acts as one-
way valve). If casualty becomes worse, remove the non-porous bandage;
b. Immobilize unstable chest by circumferential bandaging – firm not tight;
c. Posture casualty: half sitting with injured side down, if possible;
d. Do not give pain killers.
3.9 WOUNDS
a. Use clean/sterile dressings;
b. Do not remove embedded objects, use a ring pad around protrusions;
c. Do not touch or replace internal organs. Cover with a sterile, wet pad (or gladwrap), do not
apply pressure.
3.10 FRACTURES
Support and immobilize.
a. Arms: splint and strap to body;
b. Legs: splint and strap together.
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3.11 BURNS
Cool and cover.
a. Cool with water – 20 minutes;
b. Do not remove material from wound;
c. Cover with wet, sterile/non-stick dressing (or gladwrap).
3.12 SHOCK
Casualty looks pale, skin feels cold and clammy.
a. Lay conscious casualty on back, elevate legs;
b. Maintain normal body temperature;
c. Rest, reassure, no alcohol or drugs.
3.13 MINOR WOUNDS

Treat all minor wounds including scratches and cuts (prevent infection).
3.14 DEHYDRATION
Dark / pungent urine requires an increase in fluid intake.
a. Rest in shade and cool;
b. Drink fluids (water is best) – not alcohol/caffeine.
4 ACUTE CARE
4.1 SNAKEBITE
a. Victim must remain calm. Use Pressure Immobilization Technique.
b. Firmly bandage whole limb. Start atop bite site then bandage limb upwards;
c. Bandage firm but not so tight as to cut off circulation;
d. Do not allow casualty to move – must remain still;
e. Splint the limb, immobilizing as you would a fracture;
f. Monitor ABC/level of consciousness & circulation to affected limb.
4.2 CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) POISONING

a. Remove casualty to fresh air – casualties skin color may sometimes look normal;
b. If available, give concentrated oxygen;
c. Symptoms may include: headache, nausea, drowsiness, confusion;
d. CO is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.
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5 DESERT SURVIVAL
5.1 IMMEDIATE ACTION
a. Activate ELT immediately: and
b. Rest in solid shade 0.3 meters above ground. (Do not use aircraft interior, if no shade is
available then erect a shelter.)
5.2 DESERT SURVIVAL RULES

NOTE: With temperatures above 30° C most of the body’s water loss is through sweating. The
body sweats to cool itself. Survivors must reduce body heat gains to minimize sweating and then
procure water at night. Night temperatures may be cold.
a. Rest in shade 0.3 meters above or 75cm below ground. Avoid gaining heat from ground con-
duction or hot air layer above ground.
b. Do essential work when sun is down and temperature has dropped to about 20° C.
c. Stay fully clothed. A single loose layer of clothing minimizes heat gains and maximizes sweat
cooling.
d. Ration water to stay hydrated. Check color of urine. Dehydrating will impair performance and
does not decrease water consumption.
e. Eat only carbohydrates and only if water is available. Avoid greasy or fatty foods;
f. Do not travel unless sure of water. Walking in sun instead of resting in shade will at least
halve survival time.
5.3 WATER PROCUREMENT

Sterilize all water sources except plastic bag procurement methods. Instructions for setting up
water procurement devices are contained with water transpirator bags.
a. TRANSPIRATOR BAGS — Best water procurement device, set up immediately;
b. DESERT STILL — Set up at night;
c. DEW/RAIN;
d. PLANTS — Unreliable source, look for damp patches on trees and insect life; and
e. GROUND WATER — Some indicators are terrain, bird life, vegetation, animal tracks and
insects. Water may exist in rock pools in hills as well as underground, in low lying creek
areas.
6 SEA SURVIVAL
a. Secure and deploy raft;
b. Activate ELT immediately.
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c. Gather useful equipment and board raft (dry if possible);

d. Roll call — locate missing persons;
e. Cut adrift, tie rafts together on 8 meter line and secure one man to raft;
f. Check raft, adjust sea anchor length to half distance between waves, and in cold weather
inflate floor and canopy;
g. Retrieve, secure (to prevent loss if capsized) and inventory equipment;
h. Develop a plan of action; and
i. Elect a leader, allocate duties.
6.2 ALLOCATION OF DUTIES

A fully loaded life raft is cramped and uncomfortable.
a. Rotate duties;
b. Exercise, keep occupied and work as a team to minimize discomfort;
c. Allocation of duties should include lookouts with location aids, raft maintenance, maintaining
water devices and food procurement; and
d. Plan pyrotechnic operations to avoid damaging raft.
6.3 ESSENTIAL RULES FOR SEA SURVIVAL — IF SHORT OF WATER

a. Ration water to stay hydrated. Check color of urine, dehydration impairs performance and
does not decrease water consumption. Hold reliable water sources in reserve;
b. In hot areas wear clothes dampened during day and remain in shade. This will halve water
loss by minimizing sweating. Protect eyes and skin against sun. Do not exit raft to swim;
c. Fish should not be eaten if short of water, sun dry until rain provides sufficient water. Fish
that have an unusual shape, features or skin instead of scales should not be eaten;
d. Avoid seasickness. Use seasick tablets, seasickness will wear off;
e. Do not drink seawater, urine or the blood of sea birds.
6.4 KEEP RAFT DRY

Avoid immersion, foot and raft sores by regularly changing positions.
6.5 DISCOURAGE PREDATORS

a. Do not trail attractive items; and
b. Discard waste well away from raft at night.
6.6 TRAVEL
A small amount of control is possible by adjusting raft for wind or currents. Deploy sea anchor to
travel with the current or retrieve it to travel with the wind.
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7 JUNGLE SURVIVAL
a. Orientate and rendezvous with crew. (Stay fully clothed when moving in jungle.)
b. If wreckage is hidden, move to nearby clearing to assist SAR.
c. Activate ELT immediately.
7.2 ESSENTIAL RULES FOR JUNGLE SURVIVAL

a. Protection – water and food will be readily available in the jungle but location by SAR will be
difficult.
b. Set up location aids. Select sites to give location aids best possible ranges. Build fires with
smoke to penetrate canopy (refer to “Improvised Aids” in “Location” section).
c. Sterilize water and animal food. Boil water for 5 minutes or use sterilizing tablets. Discard
animal food that shows any sign of disease. Always cook animal food to kill parasites.
d. If food is not recognized as safe, apply an edibility test:
1. Discard stinging plants, fungi, plants with milky sap or with the smell of almonds or
peaches;
2. Discard food that irritates sensitive skin areas, such as inside of elbow, after 5 minutes;
3. Chew a teaspoon quantity and spit out, discard if reaction occurs in 5 minutes;
4. Eat a teaspoon quantity and discard if reaction occurs in 4 hours; and
5. Eat two teaspoon quantities — plant is safe if no reaction occurs in 4 hours.
e. Do not travel unless habitation seen nearby or search scaled down. Travel rate can be as
slow as 500 meters/hour. Creeks and ridgelines will give fastest travel. Leave messages at
crash site and camp and blaze trail if traveling.
7.3 SHELTERS
a. A shelter will be required in rain or if overnighting.
b. Two taut separated layers of parachute or natural thatching at 60° will provide a waterproof
shelter.
c. A single taut layer of parachute at 45° will provide a shower proof shelter.
d. Keep off the ground to avoid insects and parasites.
8 COLD WEATHER SURVIVAL

a. Adjust clothing – protect hands and head.
a. Shelter from high winds. (Aircraft interior will provide windproof shelter but little thermal pro-
tection.)
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8.2 ESSENTIAL RULES FOR COLD WEATHER SURVIVAL

a. A drop in body core temperature will mentally affect the survivor, impairing work. The onset
is difficult to detect and shivering should be taken as the first warning that heat losses must
be minimized. Dressed only in flying clothing, survival chances are good, if a thermal wind-
proof shelter is constructed quickly.
b. Keep clothing dry. Heat loss from wet clothing is 20 times greater than dry:
c. Remove clothing before commencing work to avoid sweating;
1. Do not let snow melt on clothing;
2. Keep feet dry by preventing snow from entering boots;
3. Loosen clothing to trap air;
4. Use a windproof layer to stop windchill.
d. Construct a shelter. If rescue is delayed then the windproof shelter used in the immediate
action must be improved with insulation to provide thermal protection:
1. 25cm of snow will provide good insulation;
2. Rafts, sound proofing or branches will provide insulation from the ground;
3. A one man snow cave can be built in one hour;
4. In bad weather without a windbreaker an enclosed shelter is more useful than a fire.
e. Maintain location aids.
1. Keep battery-powered equipment warm;
2. The insulation of a snow shelter will prevent survivors hearing SAR aircraft. Windproof
ground signals should be constructed and kept free of snow.
f. Do not travel unless habitation seen nearby or search scaled down. Travel is strenuous and
as slow as 4km/day. Crevasses and avalanches are hazards in ice and mountainous coun-
try.
8.3 MEDICAL HAZARDS

When outdoors, work in pairs. Observe partner to detect onset of cold injuries.
a. Hypothermia (Lowering of body core temperature: Hypothermia can occur in above zero
temperatures. The symptoms are incoherence, slowing down, stumbling and weakness.
These symptoms may be mistaken for fatigue. To treat hypothermia protect casualty from
wind, change wet clothing for dry and use body warmth and insulation to warm.
b. Frostbite: The symptoms are tingling numbing sensation with waxy white appearance.
Gently rewarm areas using body heat if nothing else is available. If deep frostbite has occur-
red leave frozen until rescued.
c. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Ventilate shelters where a stove is used with two 6cm holes
in door and roof. Do not light fires inside enclosed shelters.
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d. Snow Blindness: Prevent too much light entering eyes by using sunglasses or eyeshields.
Keep eyes covered to recover from snow blindness.
e. Dehydration: Cold will decrease thirst sensation. Check frequency and color of urine to
avoid unintentional dehydration. To maintain body core temperature drink warm water.
8.4 SHELTERS
The lean-to with fire and reflector will provide good protection in wooded temperate conditions. An
improvised igloo can be made by covering branches, rafts, etc., with a parachute and covering
with 25cm of snow, letting set and then removing the core. The A-Frame must be modified with
25cm of snow cover to provide thermal protection. The quickest shelter to build without a shovel is
the snow cave. Probe before building to check snow depth. Smooth walls to prevent dripping and
construct a cold sump. Stay dry when digging. A snow trench may be constructed with a saw in
hard snow.
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ICAO DIFFERENCES OR STATE SPECIAL PROCEDURES
GENERAL
In general, the Emergency, Unlawful Interference, Communications Failure, Interception, and
Search and Rescue procedures are in conformity with the Standards, Recommended Practices
and Procedures contained in ICAO Annexes and Documents.
Depending on the nature of the emergency condition, flight crew should notify ATS of the circum-
stances by the most efficient means (voice or data link).
Distress: MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY
Urgency: PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN
SSR Codes: Emergency 7700; Radio failure 7600
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE
IF IN CONTROLLED / RESTRICTED AIRSPACE OR IF IFR IN ANY AIRSPACE
a. Squawk 7600;
b. Listen out on the ATIS and/or voice modulated navaids;
c. Transmit intentions and make normal position reports (assume transmitter is operating and
prefix calls with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”).
If in VMC and are certain of maintaining VMC, stay in VMC and land at the most suitable aero-
drome.
TOTAL LOSS OF RADIO PROCEDURES WITHIN OCEANIC AIRSPACE

Procedures to be adopted when total loss of radio occurs while in-flight and within Australian
administered Oceanic airspace are as follows:
In the event of total loss of communication, an aircraft shall:
a. Try to re-establish communication by all other means;
b. If all attempts to re-establish communication with ATC are unsuccessful:
1. Squawk 7600;
2. If able, broadcast in the blind at suitable intervals: aircraft identification, flight level, aircraft
position (including the ATS route designator or the track code), and intentions on the fre-
quency in use, as well as on frequency 121.5 MHz (or, as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-
to-air frequency 123.45 MHz);
3. Watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to airborne collision avoidance
systems or traffic displays (if equipped);
5. Maintain the last assigned speed and level for a period of 60 minutes following the aircraft’s
failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point (including ADS-C flights), and
thereafter adjust speed and altitude in accordance with the filed flight plan;
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NOTE: In airspace where the strategic lateral offset procedures (SLOP) has been author-
ized, aircraft experiencing communication failure may also elect to initiate SLOP in accord-
ance with General Flight Procedures, including an offset of 1.8 or 3.7km (1 NM or 2 NM)
right of track.
6. Upon exiting oceanic airspace, conform to the relevant State procedures and regulations.
In the event of lost communication, ATC shall maintain separation between the aircraft having the
communication failure and other aircraft, based on the assumption that the aircraft having the
communication failure will operate in accordance with the procedures in the previous paragraph.
IF IN IMC OR UNCERTAIN OF MAINTAINING VMC

If no clearance limit received and acknowledged, proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route
clearance acknowledged and climb to planned level.
If a clearance limit involving an altitude or route restriction has been received and acknowledged:
1 maintain last assigned level, or minimum safe altitude if higher, for three (3) minutes, and/or
2 hold at nominated location for three (3) minutes, then
3 proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged, and climb to plan-
ned level.
If receiving an ATS surveillance service:
1 climb to MSA/LSALT, and,
2 if being vectored, maintain last assigned vector for two (2) minutes, then
3 proceed in accordance with the latest ATC route clearance acknowledged.
If holding :
1 fly one more complete holding pattern, then
2 proceed in accordance with the latest ATC clearance acknowledged.
DESTINATION PROCEDURES
Track to the destination in accordance with flight plan (amended by the latest ATC clearance
acknowledged, if applicable). Commence descent in accordance with standard operating proce-
dures or flight plan. Descend to the initial approach altitude for the most suitable approach aid in
accordance with the published procedures. Carry out the approach to the prescribed circling
minima.
NOTE:
a. The most suitable approach aid is normally the destination primary tracking aid; however,
when the primary tracking aid has no approach procedure or the pilot is in receipt of ATIS or
directed information (e.g., voice modulated navigation aid) that another destination aid is
required for the approach, that aid may be used.
b. If an approach time has been given by ATC and acknowledged, adhere to this time.
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c. When within 25 miles of the destination, the pilot may track direct to the most suitable
approach aid.
ACTIONS AT MINIMA
If visual at circling minima, circle to land. However, at a controlled aerodrome, if in receipt of direc-
ted aerodrome information and/or a landing clearance (e.g., a green light or voice modulated navi-
gation aid, etc.) the pilot may continue a runway approach.
If NOT visual at circling minima, depart for a suitable alternate aerodrome. However, if in receipt
of directed aerodrome information indicating that a runway approach is available for landing, the
pilot may continue descent to the appropriate minima and, if visual, land; otherwise depart to a
suitable alternate aerodrome.
If insufficient fuel is carried to divert to a suitable alternate, the pilot may hold or carry out addi-
tional approaches until visual.
COMMUNICATION AND NAVAID FAILURE

In the event of complete failure of communications and navigation aids, maintain terrain clearance
and proceed as follows:
IF IN CONTROLLED / RESTRICTED AIRSPACE OR IF IFR IN ANY AIRSPACE

a. Squawk 7600;
b. Listen out on the ATIS and/or voice modulated navaids;
c. Transmit intentions and normal position reports (assume transmitter is operating and prefix
calls with “TRANSMITTING BLIND”;
d. If practicable, leave / avoid controlled / restricted airspace and areas of dense traffic;
e. As soon as possible, establish visual navigation;
f. Land at the most suitable aerodrome; and
g. Report arrival to ATS.
SEARCH AND RESCUE

An emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) is a valuable search aid if an aircraft is forced down.
However, if an ELT has inadvertently been activated for more than 10 seconds, contact SAR on
1800 815 257.
VISUAL DISTRESS SIGNALS — SMALL VESSELS

Either of the two signals shown below may be displayed by small vessels. The signals are for use
ONLY in the Australian Search and Rescue Area. The signal sheets are rectangular, colored
international orange with black symbols. The signals have the following meaning — “I AM IN DIS-
TRESS AND REQUIRE ASSISTANCE”.
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Emergency
Emergency Procedures - Pacific

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - PACIFIC 1453
PACIFIC
SEARCH AND RESCUE FACILITIES
PACIFIC REGION
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - PACIFIC 1454
PACIFIC
SEARCH AND RESCUE FACILITIES
SOUTH PACIFIC REGION

Emergency

Pacific
FIJI IS
GENERAL
In general, the Emergency, Unlawful Interference, Communications Failure, Interception and
INTERCEPTION
No signals are prescribed for use in the event of interception, there being no military air forces
within the Fiji Islands.
No signals are prescribed to warn aircraft to their proximity to established Prohibited areas.
Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) procedures are not applicable in the Nadi FIR.
KIRIBATI
GENERAL
Procedures in the following paragraphs are supplemental to ICAO procedures and apply to air-
craft operations within the Nadi FIR/SRR.
EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES FOR AN AIRCRAFT REQUIRING SAR ESCORT
If the pilot-in-command of an aircraft, while flying over water or a sparsely inhabited area, has any
reason to believe that the operating efficiency of the aircraft is impaired, the appropriate ATS unit
should be notified so that the RCC is forewarned should the position deteriorate. If, at this stage
or later, the pilot-in-command considers it advisable, interception and escort by a search and
rescue aircraft may be requested.
Disparity in speeds and normal altitudes between some aircraft and SAR aircraft may not permit
continuous escort in the accepted sense. The SAR aircraft may turn back along the intended track
of the aircraft requiring escort before the interception, so that the latter is catching up with the
former. It is most important that radiotelephony (RTF) contact is established between the two air-
craft as early as possible and maintained throughout the operation.
Aircraft in distress, uncertain of position or unable to comply with the above procedures request-
ing intercept and escort should:
a. Switch transponder to emergency code (Mode A, Code 7700);
b. Continue to transmit intentions unless it is positively known that the transmitter is unservicea-
ble;
c. Attempt to alert surface radar by flying the appropriate pattern as follows:
1. IF RECEIVER ONLY IS OPERATING: Fly a triangular pattern to the RIGHT, 120° turns
as tight as practicable;
2. IF RECEIVER IS INOPERATIVE: Fly a triangular pattern to the LEFT, 120° turns as
tight as practicable;
d. Complete at least two patterns before resuming heading. Repeat at intervals.
e. When making use of the two patterns, aircraft should fly at best endurance speed and alti-
tude and, to assist intercepting aircraft, remain in VMC if possible.
PROCEDURES FOR IN-FLIGHT CONTINGENCIES

The following procedures, applicable within the ICAO Pacific Region, are intended for guidance.
Although all possible contingencies cannot be covered, the following procedures provide for
cases such as inability to maintain assigned level due to weather, aircraft performance or pressur-
ization failure. They are applicable when rapid descent, turnback, or both are required. The pilot’s
KIRIBATI
judgement will determine the sequence of actions taken, having regard to the specific circumstan-
ces.
General Procedures
If an aircraft is unable to continue flight in accordance with its ATC clearance, a revised clearance
shall, whenever possible, be obtained before any action is taken. The RTF urgency or distress
urgency signal, as appropriate should be used.
If prior clearance cannot be obtained, an ATC clearance must be obtained at the earliest possible
time. In the meantime, while continuing to guard the assigned enroute frequency, the pilot should
broadcast the aircraft position (including the ATS route designator if applicable) on the interna-
tional aeronautical distress frequency 121.5 MHz at suitable intervals until a revised ATC clear-
ance is received.
Subsequent Action
If unable to comply with the provisions of General Procedures the aircraft should leave its
assigned ATC route or track by turning 90° to the right or left whenever possible. The direction of
turn should have regard to the need to maintain adequate lateral spacing from adjacent routes.
An aircraft able to maintain its assigned level should, nevertheless, climb or descend 500" while
turning to establish and maintain a track laterally separated by 25 NM from its assigned ATC
route or track. An aircraft unable to maintain its assigned level should start descent while turning
to establish and maintain a track laterally separated by 25 NM from its assigned ATC route or
track.
For subsequent level flight, the pilot should select a cruising level 500" above or below the appro-
priate magnetic track altitude for IFR flights in controlled airspace.
UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE
Aircraft not equipped with secondary surveillance radar (SSR) and/or aircraft flying in an area
where the availability of ground based SSR is non-existent or unknown, and the crew has unre-
stricted use of the aircraft radio, may, if it is safe and practical to do so, insert in any RTF trans-
missions the words “CHANNEL SEVEN FIVE HUNDRED” after the aircraft’s call sign to indicate
specifically that it is being subjected to unlawful interference.
SPEECHLESS TECHNIQUE USING UNMODULATED TRANSMISSIONS
When a pilot is able to communicate only by an unmodulated transmission (e.g., when the trans-
mitter is operative but the microphone unserviceable) the following technique will be employed by
ATS.
When an unmodulated transmission is received, the ATS operator will request the pilot to activate
the transmitter three times. Once the pilot complies the ATS operator will frame questions requir-
ing a “YES” or “NO” answer to ascertain if the aircraft:
a. can continue visually;
KIRIBATI
b. can execute an instrument approach; or

c. has reached a nominate position.
The above and any other information required will be obtained by requiring the pilot to use the
following code:
“YES” or “ROGER” — activate transmitter once
“NO” — activate transmitter twice
“SAY AGAIN” — activate transmitter three times
“AT NOMINATED POSITION” — activate transmitter four times
When it is established that the aircraft can receive, control may be exercised in the normal
manner except that frequency changes will not be requested unless there is no alternative.
SEARCH AND RESCUE

Small craft in distress are advised to display an orange/red sheet bearing a black letter “V” which
has the meaning — I REQUIRE ASSISTANCE . Pilots observing such a signal displayed in a
prominent position on a small craft should interpret it as a distress signal and act accordingly.
MALAYSIA
GENERAL
In general, the emergency, unlawful interference, communications failure, interception, and
search and rescue procedures are in conformity with the Standards, Recommended Practices
EMERGENCY
JOHOR BAHRU EMERGENCY DIVERSION TRACKS
If an emergency descent is to be made by an aircraft holding in the Johor Bahru (VJR) VOR or
(JR) NDB holding stack, all aircraft holding below the level of the emergency aircraft shall be
instructed to divert immediately on a track of 306° magnetic until the emergency aircraft has vaca-
ted each aircraft’s level.
If total radio communications failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours, the pilot shall:
a. maintain flight in visual meteorological conditions;
b. land at the nearest suitable aerodrome, which may be the destination aerodrome; and
c. report arrival to ATC by the quickest means possible.
If in instrument meteorological conditions or when conditions are such that it does not appear fea-
sible to complete the flight in accordance with VMC Procedures above, the aircraft shall:
a. unless otherwise prescribed on the basis of regional air navigation agreement, maintain the
last assigned speed and level, or minimum flight altitude if higher, for a period of 20 minutes
following the aircraft’s failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point and
thereafter adjust level and speed in accordance with the filed flight plan;
b. proceed according to the current flight plan route to the appropriate designated navigation
aid serving the destination aerodrome and, when required to ensure compliance with c)
below, hold over this aid until commencement of descent;
c. commence descent from the navigation aid specified in b) at, or as close as possible to, the
expected approach time last received and acknowledged; or, if no expected approach time
has been received and acknowledged, at, or as close as possible to, the estimated time of
arrival resulting from the current flight plan;
d. complete a normal instrument approach procedure as specified for the designated navigation
aid; and land, if possible, within thirty minutes after the estimated time of arrival specified in
c) or the last acknowledged expected approach time, whichever is later.
The pilot shall contact ATC as soon as possible after landing.
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE WHILE UNDER RADAR CONTROL

If two-way communication is lost with a radar controlled aircraft, ATC will ascertain whether the
aircraft’s receiver is working by transmitting on appropriate frequencies a request that the pilot
acknowledges ATC transmissions by:
MALAYSIA
a. squawking “ident”;
b. changing SSR code;
c. squawking “standby” for a specified period of time and then squawking an appropriate code;
or
d. executing a specified turn.
If communication is established by the above manner, the pilot will be requested to acknowledge
clearances or instructions or to respond to questions by using the transponder or by executing
specified turns.
If communication is lost with an aircraft being vectored, the pilot shall maintain the last assigned
heading and altitude for one minute. In IMC, if the altitude is below the MSA, the pilot shall climb
to the MSA and proceed by the most direct path to the holding point associated with the runway in
use and carry out the standard radio failure procedure.
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE EXPERIENCED BY DEPARTING AIRCRAFT

The pilot of a departed IFR flight in IMC, who has acknowledged a climb to an initial level other
than the flight planned level for the enroute phase of flight shall proceed to his/her destination as
follows:
a. set the SSR transponder to code 7600;
b. maintain the last assigned level for a period of 3 minutes if no clearance time or geographical
limit was given by ATC; and
c. subsequently climb, complying with any level requirements stipulated in the SID or departure
clearance as appropriate then to the cruising level in accordance with the current flight plan.
If, during the 3-minute period specified above, the pilot will encounter a minimum IFR level that
exceeds the level last assigned by ATC, the pilot shall climb to the minimum IFR level.
The pilot of an aircraft being radar vectored after departure shall:
a. set the SSR transponder to code 7600;
b. maintain the last assigned altitude and heading for a period of two (2) minutes and, if the
assigned altitude is lower than the MSA, climb to the MSA; and
c. proceed by the most direct path while climbing to the flight planned level, to intercept the cur-
rent flight planned route to the destination.
If the circumstances do not permit the flight to proceed to the destination, the pilot shall maintain
VMC and avoid known areas of dense traffic and land at the most suitable aerodrome, which may
be the departure aerodrome.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES IN THE KUALA LUMPUR TMA

Pilots assigned or already established on a STAR for Kuala Lumpur Intl Airport — Sepang or
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport — Subang shall comply with the procedures outlined in the
respective Instrument Approach charts.
MALAYSIA
Kuala Lumpur International Airport — Sepang

If total radio communication failure occurs to an aircraft bound for Kuala Lumpur Intl Airport —
Sepang before entering the Kuala Lumpur FIR, or after entering the FIR but before being given or
acknowledging a specific STAR, the pilot shall:
a. transmit blind position reports and intentions if the aircraft’s transmitter is presumed service-
able;
b. proceed via the current flight plan route or as cleared by ATC:
– to VBA maintaining the last assigned flight level; or
– if the flight plan route terminates at VKL, then from VKL proceed via A464 to VBA main-
taining the last assigned flight level.
c. commence descent in the VBA hold at, or as close as possible to, the EAT last received and
acknowledged or, if no EAT has been received and acknowledged, at or as close as possible
to the ETA over VBA calculated from the current flight plan;
d. carry out KIKAL TWO Arrival procedure for KLIA Rwy 14L;
e. land on Rwy 14L, if possible, within 30 minutes of the ETA calculated in c. above, or the last
ETA acknowledged, whichever is later.
f. If a landing on Rwy 14L is not possible due to aerodrome wind conditions, the pilot shall:
– In VMC, go around, make a visual approach to join right downwind for Rwy 32R.
– In IMC, go around, climb to 7000' on runway heading to overhead VKL thence on R140.
On passing 1500', turn left and proceed to VMK, to reach 7000' by 25 DME VKL. Make
one hold at VMK, maintaining 7000', and then carry out LAPIR TWO Arrival procedure for
Rwy 32R.
g. If Rwy 14L/32R is not available, ATC will switch the runway and approach lights on and off
repeatedly to warn the pilot. In this case, the pilot shall:
– In VMC, go around, make a visual approach to join right downwind for Rwy 32L.
– In IMC, go around, climb to 7000' on runway heading to overhead VKL, thence on R140.
On passing 1500', turn left and proceed to VMK, to reach 7000' by 25 DME VKL. Make
one hold at VMK, maintaining 7000', and then carry out LAPIR TWO Arrival procedure for
Rwy 32L.
Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport — Subang
If total radio communication failure occurs to an aircraft bound for Aziz Shah — Subang before
entering the Kuala Lumpur FIR, or after entering the FIR but before being given or acknowledging
a specific STAR, the pilot shall:
a. In VMC during daylight hours, maintain VFR and land at Aziz Shah Airport — Subang or at a
suitable aerodrome. Pilots shall take note that Kuala Lumpur Intl Airport is not to be consid-
ered as a suitable alternate for this purpose.
MALAYSIA
b. In IMC or at night, proceed via the flight plan route or as cleared by ATC at last assigned
level.
– If route terminates at VKL, then from VKL proceed to VBA maintaining the last assigned
flight level.
– If the route terminates at VBA, then proceed to d. below.
c. Transmit blind position reports and intentions if the aircraft’s transmitter is presumed service-
able.
d. Commence descent in the VBA hold at, or as close as possible to, the EAT last received and
acknowledged or, if no EAT has been received and acknowledged, at or as close as possible
to the ETA calculated from the current flight plan.
e. Carry out an instrument approach procedure for Subang Rwy 15.
f. Land on Rwy 15, if possible, within 30 minutes of the ETA calculated in d. above, or the last
ETA acknowledged, whichever is later.
g. If a landing on Rwy 15 is not possible due to aerodrome wind conditions, make a missed
approach and:
– If visual, from the missed approach make a visual approach to join left downwind for Rwy
33.
– In IMC, carry out missed approach procedure climbing to the lowest holding altitude
(2400') tracking to KL NDB and make an instrument approach to Rwy 33.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOR JOHOR BAHRU (SULTAN ISMAIL)

If total radio communication failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours to an aircraft bound for
Johor Bahru, the pilot shall maintain VFR and land at Johor Bahru or at a suitable aerodrome out-
side controlled airspace.
In IMC or between the hours of sunset and sunrise, an aircraft experiencing radio failure before
receiving clearance to enter the Johor Terminal Area shall proceed via Airways to the ‘VJR’ VOR
and letdown in the holding pattern. On reaching 2500 ft, a straight-in-approach shall be made for
Runway 16. An aircraft not fitted with a serviceable VOR/DME shall, instead, join the “JR” Locator
holding for a Locator approach to Runway 16.
Identification of the runway in use shall be made by reference to the PAPI and/or approach lights,
which shall be switched on for such an exigency.
If Rwy 34 is in use:
a. Continue approach to join downwind, keeping within the lateral limits of the Johor CTR, or, if
not possible;
b. Carry out the missed approach procedure climbing to the lowest holding altitude (2500') at
the Johor Bahru (JR) NDB from which an NDB approach can then be made for landing Rwy
34.
MALAYSIA
RADIO COMMUNICATION FAILURE PROCEDURE FOR KERTEH

If total radio communication failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours, the pilot shall maintain
VFR and join left downwind for Rwy 34 or right downwind for Rwy 16. Pilots should endeavor to
keep clear of the eastern side of the airfield in order to avoid any conflict with helicopters operat-
ing to and from oil rigs via the east corridor. Keep a look out for light or pyrotechnic signal from
the tower.
In IMC or at night, the pilot shall conduct the flight in accordance with basic radio failure proce-
dures. If the failure occurs prior to receiving clearance to enter Kerteh controlled airspace, main-
tain the last cleared level direct to VKE and make an instrument approach to Rwy 34.
Identification of the runway in use shall be made by reference to a lighted windsock and PAPI.
Keep a look out for light and pyrotechnic signals.
NAURU
GENERAL
EMERGENCY
Aircraft in distress, uncertain of position or unable to comply with ICAO procedures requesting
intercept and escort should:
ble;
1. IF RECEIVER ONLY IS OPERATING:
– Fly a triangular pattern to the RIGHT.
2. IF RECEIVER IS INOPERATIVE :
– Fly a triangular patter to the LEFT.

SPECIAL PROCEDURES FOR IN-FLIGHT CONTINGENCIES

The following general procedures apply to both subsonic and supersonic aircraft and are intended
for guidance only. Although all possible contingencies cannot be covered, they provide for cases
NAURU
such as inability to maintain assigned level due to weather, aircraft performance or pressurization
failure. The are applicable primarily when rapid descent, turnback, or both are required. The
pilot’s judgement shall determine the sequence of actions taken, having regard to the specific cir-
cumstances.
General Procedures
If an aircraft is unable to continue flight in accordance with the ATC clearance, a revised clear-
ance shall, whenever possible, be obtained prior to initiating any action, using distress or urgency
signal as appropriate.
If prior clearance cannot be obtained, an ATC clearance shall be obtained at the earliest possible
time and, until a revised clearance is received, the pilot shall:
flight identification, flight level, aircraft position, (including the ATS route designator or the
track code) and intentions on the frequency in use, as well as on frequency 121.5 MHz (or,
as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot-air-to-air frequency 123.45);
c. watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equipped); and
d. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations).
Special Procedures
INITIAL ACTION
– If unable to comply with the provisions of General Procedures the aircraft should leave its
assigned route or tack by turning 90° to the right or left whenever this is possible. The direction
of turn should be determined by the position of the aircraft relative to any organized route or
track system, e.g. whether the aircraft is outside, at the edge of, or within the system. Other
factors to consider are terrain clearance and the levels allocated to adjacent routes or tracks.
SUBSEQUENT ACTION
– An aircraft able to maintain its assigned level should acquire and maintain in either direction a
track laterally separated by 25 NM from its assigned route or track and once established on the
offset track, climb or descend 500 ft (150 m).
An aircraft not able to maintain its assigned level should, whenever possible, minimize its rate
of descent while turning to acquire and maintain in either direction a track laterally separated by
25 NM from its assigned route or track. For subsequent level flight, a level should be selected
which differs by 500 ft (150 m) from those normally used.
DIVERSION ACROSS THE FLOW OF ADJACENT TRAFFIC
– Before commencing a diversion across the flow of adjacent traffic, the aircraft should, while
maintaining the 25 NM offset, expedite climb above or descent below levels where the majority
of Pacific oceanic traffic operate (e.g. to a level above FL 400 or below FL 290) and then main-
tain a level which differs by 500 ft (150 m) from those normally used. However, if the pilot is
NAURU
unable or unwilling to carry out a major climb or descent, the aircraft should be flown at a level
500 ft (150 m) above or below levels normally used until a new ATC clearance is obtained.
EXTENDED RANGE OPERATIONS BY TWO-TURBINE POWER UNITS (ETOPS) AIRCRAFT
– If these contingency procedures are employed by a twin engine aircraft as a result of an engine
shutdown or a failure of an ETOPS critical system, the pilot should advise ATC as soon as
practicable of the situation, reminding ATC of the type of aircraft involved and requesting expe-
ditious handling.
The pilot in command of an aircraft which is being subjected to unlawful interference or threat of
unlawful interference should endeavour to inform an ATS unit of the fact, together with details of
any consequent deviation from the current flight plan and other significant factors affecting the
operation, to enable the ground station to give priority to the aircraft and to alert organizations
likely to be involved.
Whenever circumstances permit, the pilot should transmit in plain language, as fully as possible to
the ATS units concerned, the nature and details of the interference.
In addition to the action set out above or where that action is not possible due to the circumstan-
ces, a pilot able to do so should activate the aircraft Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) trans-
ponder on Mode A Code 7500 to indicate specifically that it is being subjected to unlawful interfer-
ence.
Pilots of aircraft no equipped with SSR and/or aircraft flying in an area where the availability of
ground based SSR is non-existent or unknown, in circumstances where they are under such
threat that they do not have unrestricted use of the aircraft radio, may, if it is safe and practical to
do so, insert in any RTF transmissions the words “CHANNEL SEVEN FIVE HUNDRED” after the
aircraft’s call sign, to indicate specifically that it is being subjected to unlawful interference.
SEARCH AND RESCUE

To aid aircraft in detecting small craft in distress, such craft are advised to carry a 1.8m x 1.2m, or
larger, fluorescent sheet for use in an emergency. These sheets should be colored orange/red
and bear a black letter “V” not less than 750mm high.
Although use of these sheets is not yet accepted internationally, the letter “V” in the international
code has the meaning “I require assistance”. Therefore, pilots observing such a signal displayed
in a prominent position on a small craft should interpret it as a distress signal and act accordingly.
GENERAL
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE — AUCKLAND OCEANIC FIR

In the event of a total loss of communication, an aircraft shall:
a. Try to re-establish communication by all other means;
b. If all attempts to re-establish communication with ATC are unsuccessful:
1. squawk 7600;
2. if able, transmit blind at suitable intervals: flight identification, flight level, aircraft position
(including the ATS route designator or the track code), and intentions on the frequency
in use, and on frequency 121.5 MHz (or on the VHF inter-pilot air to air frequency
123.45 MHz);
3. watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to airborne collision avoidance
systems of traffic displays (if equipped);
4. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations);
5. maintain the last assigned speed and level for a period of 60 minutes following the air-
craft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point (including ADS-C
flights), and thereafter adjust speed and level in accordance with the filed flight plan;
6. aircraft may elect to initiate strategic lateral offset procedures;
7. upon exiting oceanic airspace comply with the loss of COM procedures published for
IFR Communication Failure — New Zealand FIR.
IFR COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE — NEW ZEALAND FIR

ATS COMMUNICATION FAILURE
In the event of communications failure from Air Traffic Control, aircraft should initiate TIBA proce-
dures.
IFR COMMUNICATION FAILURE — GENERAL

In the event of an apparent aircraft communication failure, the pilot of the aircraft should adopt the
following procedures:
a. Maintain terrain clearance throughout all procedures.
b. Switch transponder to code 7600.
c. Try alternate then secondary published ATS frequencies.
d. Check aircraft communications equipment.
e. Listen to ATIS if possible.
f. Transmit position reports and intentions, assuming the aircraft transmitter is operating, and
prefixing all transmissions with “TRANSMITTING BLIND.”
g. Turn on landing lights, beacons, and strobe lighting.
h. If a mobile phone is available in the aircraft, attempt to establish telephone communications
with:
1. Auckland or Ohakea or Wellington or Christchurch Control — 0800 NBO PLN (0800
626 756);
2. Christchurch Information — (03) 365 3971.
3. The ATC unit you should be communicating with.
i. If the destination is within an MBZ, proceed to an alternate aerodrome unless the risk in pro-
ceeding safely to an alternate aerodrome is clearly greater than continuing, without commu-
nications, to the planned destination.
IFR COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE — VMC AND CERTAIN OF MAINTAINING VMC

If the pilot of the aircraft is in VMC and is certain of maintaining VMC:
a. remain in VMC and proceed to a suitable aerodrome and land; and
b. report arrival by the most expeditious means to the appropriate ATS unit.
IFR COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE — IMC OR UNCERTAIN OF MAINTAINING VMC

The initial and subsequent actions of the pilot of an aircraft in IMC or uncertain of being able to
maintain VMC will depend on the latest information available on the:
a. destination aids;
b. air traffic/airspace procedures; and
c. meteorological conditions enroute and at the destination.
The provision of ATC to other flights will be based on the assumption that the pilot of an aircraft
with communications difficulties will, unless strong reasons dictate otherwise, follow the appropri-
ate procedures specified in the following paragraphs.
The pilot should proceed in accordance with the current flight plan as confirmed by the last
acknowledged ATC clearance. ATC will assume that the aircraft will climb to the:
a. flight planned level; or
b. last level requested by the pilot and acknowledged by ATC.
Departure — Level Restriction
The pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences communications failure on departure should:
a. maintain the last assigned level(s) to the points specified, then climb to maintain the level(s)
in the current flight plan; or
b. if no points are specified, maintain the last assigned level, or minimum flight altitude if higher,
for five minutes, then climb to maintain the level(s) specified in the current flight plan.
Departure — Radar Vectors
The pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences communications failure on departure should:
a. maintain the last assigned vector for two minutes, and climb to minimum safe altitude if nec-
essary to maintain terrain clearance; and
b. proceed in accordance with the route specified in the current flight plan.
Arrival
On arrival, the pilot of an IFR aircraft experiencing communications failure should:
a. track to the destination aid/fix, or if none specified by ATC, the selected aid/fix for the known
or forecast RWY; and
b. commence descent in accordance with:
1. the last acknowledged ATC clearance, or if not received;
2. standard operating procedures or flight plan.
c. to the initial approach altitude for the published approach procedure.
At or Within 25 NM from Destination
At or within 25 NM from destination, the pilot of an IFR aircraft experiencing communication failure
should:
a. arrive over the destination/selected aid/fix at the last designated level at or as near as possi-
ble to the expected approach time given by ATC, and commence approach; or
b. if too high, descend in the aid/fix holding pattern to a level convenient for approach; or
c. if on initial approach at the time of the communications failure but not cleared for the
approach, continue via the procedure and maintain the last assigned level until established
on final approach track, then commence approach; or
d. if too high:
1. if a holding pattern is established on the final approach track, descend in the holding
pattern to a level convenient for approach; or
2. if no holding pattern is established, carry out missed approach and position for another
approach, if specified diversion allows.
Radar Vectors on Arrival
The pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences communications failure while being radar vectored on
arrival should:
a. maintain the last assigned vector for two minutes, climbing if necessary to minimum safe alti-
tude to maintain terrain clearance, and proceed to the aid/fix for an approach as specified at
or within 25 NM from destination;
b. if on initial/intermediate approach, maintain the last assigned level until established on final
approach track, and then commence approach.
Diversion
If unable to achieve a landing following an approach, the pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences
communications failure should carry out a missed approach.
A second approach may be made if desired, provided a landing can be accomplished within 30
minutes of the expected approach time or the ETA, whichever is the latter. If this approach is
unsuccessful, the aircraft must divert to the alternate aerodrome.
The pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences communications failure while holding because of the
closure of the destination aerodrome should hold until the divert time notified to ATC, and then
depart for the alternate aerodrome.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
GENERAL
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY LEVEL CHANGE IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
No Time Available for Prior Approval
a. Divert if possible to an area of low traffic density clear of the control area before changing
level, if possible.
b. Transmit PAN (preferably spoken 3 times).... (unit called).... (aircraft call sign)... ON EMER-
GENCY CLIMB (DESCENT) TO.... (level) AT.... (time). If applicable add NOW AT.... (level)
AND DIVERTED TO LEFT (RIGHT) OF TRACK.
c. Notify ATC as soon as possible the nature of the emergency.
Time Available to Obtain Approval
a. Transmit request PAN (may be omitted if normal transmission would provide adequate prior-
ity for your message).... (unit called).... (aircraft call sign)... REQUEST EMERGENCY CLIMB
(DESCENT) TO.... (level).
NOTE: ATC will require other traffic to vacate flight path involved in your request and will
approve request as far as possible.
b. Notify ATC as soon as possible the nature of the emergency.
In IMC, or if uncertain of maintaining VMC, the following procedures are applicable:
Proceed to clearance limit in accordance with ATC clearance received and thereafter in accord-
ance with flight plan as amended by latest ATC clearance acknowledged.
IF A CLEARANCE LIMIT INVOLVED AN ALTITUDE RESTRICTION ON INITIAL

CLIMB
Maintain last assigned altitude or level, or minimum safe altitude if higher, for five (5) minutes.
Thereafter proceed in accordance with flight plan as amended by acknowledged ATC clearances.
IF HOLDING DUE TO CLOSURE OF DESTINATION AIRPORT

Hold until divert time notified to ATC or 15 minutes after a scheduled report is missed, whichever
is the earlier. Thereafter, divert to the nominated alternate or other suitable airport.
SAMOA
GENERAL
Search and rescue operations in Samoa are divided into three classes as follows:
a. Class I and Class II — Limited operations controlled by Samoa Police using Police and some
local resources.
b. Class III — Controlled by the Rescue Co-ordination Centre (RCC) in Wellington, New Zea-
land using all necessary available military and civil resources. Telephone: 64 4 914 8380
The carriage of an emergency location transmitter (ELT) is mandatory within Samoa. For this
reason, in accordance with ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices, aircraft are required to
continuously guard the international emergency frequency 121.5 MHz. This requirement does not
apply when aircraft are carrying out communications on other VHF channels, or when airborne
equipment limitations or cockpit duties do not permit simultaneous guarding of two or more chan-
nels.
EMERGENCY
reason to believe that the operating efficiency of the aircraft is impaired, the appropriate Air Traffic
Services unit should be notified so that the RCC is forewarned should the position deteriorate. If,
at this stage or later, the pilot-in-command considers it advisable, interception and escort by a
search and rescue aircraft may be requested.
Unless considerations aboard the aircraft dictate otherwise, the pilot-in-command should attempt
to continue flying on the assigned track and at the assigned cruising level at least until notification
to an ATS unit is possible or the aircraft is within radar coverage.
When an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful interference must depart from its assigned track
or its assigned cruising level without being able to make radiotelephony contact with ATS, the
pilot-in-command should, whenever possible: attempt to broadcast warnings on the VHF emer-
gency frequency and other appropriate frequencies, unless considerations aboard the aircraft dic-
tate otherwise. Other equipment such as onboard transponder, data links, etc. should also be
used when it is advantageous to do so and circumstances permit; and if no applicable regional
procedures have been established, proceed at a level which differs from the cruising levels nor-
mally used for IFR flight in the area by 1000 ft above FL290 or 500 ft if below FL290.
TONGA
GENERAL
EMERGENCY
TUVALU
GENERAL
EMERGENCY
COMMUNICATION AND NAVAID FAILURE

COM and NAVAID Failure
ENSURE TERRAIN CLEARANCE IS MAINTAINED
– TRANSMIT INTENTIONS AND POSITION REPORTS
– LISTEN TO ATIS IF POSSIBLE
– SQUAWK SSR CODE 7600 IF POSSIBLE
(There may be military vessels or aircraft in the area able to receive transponder signals.)
– IF PRACTICABLE LEAVE/AVOID CONTROLLED AIRSPACE AND AREAS OF DENSE TRAF-
FIC
– AS SOON AS POSSIBLE ESTABLISH NAVIGATION BY VISUAL REFERENCE
– PROCEED TO A SUITABLE AERODROME AND LAND
– REPORT ARRIVAL TO AN ATS UNIT
COM Failure
ENSURE TERRAIN CLEARANCE IS MAINTAINED
– TRANSMIT INTENTIONS AND POSITION REPORTS
– LISTEN TO ATIS
TUVALU
– SQUAWK SSR CODE 7600 IF POSSIBLE

(There may be military vessels or aircraft in the area able to receive transponder signals.)
– PROCEED AS FOLLOWS:
In IMC or Uncertain of Maintaining VMC
a. Proceed in accordance with flight plan as amended by acknowledged ATC clearances.
b. IF CLEARANCE INVOLVED AN ALTITUDE RESTRICTION and no clearance limit has been
stated, maintain the restricted level or MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE IF HIGHER for five
minutes, then proceed as cleared.
c. IF BEING RADAR VECTORED maintain last assigned vector for two minutes. Discontinue
vector if necessary to maintain terrain clearance.
d. AT 25 NM from destination, proceed to an appropriate destination aid (SELECTED AID).
NOTE: When more than one destination approach is available and your ATC clearance does
not specify which you should use, the SELECTED AID will be the aid or fix from which an
appropriate published approach can be made.
e. Arrange your flight to arrive over the SELECTED AID at the LAST ASSIGNED LEVEL, at or
as near as possible to the EXPECTED APPROACH TIME given by ATC or your last notified
ETA adjusted for the SELECTED AID.
f. If too high to commence an approach, shuttle to an altitude from which an approach can be
commenced. Commence approach as near as possible to the ESTIMATED APPROACH
TIME given by ATC or your last notified ETA adjusted for the SELECTED AID.
g. If landing not achieved carry out the published missed approach procedure and if desired
make a second approach provided that a landing can be accomplished within 30 minutes of
the ESTIMATED APPROACH TIME given by ATC or ETA whichever is the later. If unsuc-
cessful depart for your alternative.
h. IF HOLDING BECAUSE OF CLOSURE OF DESTINATION AERODROME hold until divert
time notified to ATC then depart for alternate.
In VMC and Certain of Maintaining VMC
a. Stay in VMC and proceed to a suitable aerodrome and land.
b. Report on ARRIVAL to an ATS unit.
AIRCRAFT IN DISTRESS, UNCERTAIN OF POSITION OR UNABLE TO COMPLY

WITH THE PROCEDURES ABOVE
ble;
TUVALU
1. IF RECEIVER ONLY IS OPERATING: Fly a triangular pattern to the RIGHT, 120° turns
as tight as practicable;
2. IF RECEIVER IS INOPERATIVE: Fly a triangular pattern to the LEFT, 120° turns as
tight as practicable;
PROCEDURES FOR IN-FLIGHT CONTINGENCIES

General Procedures
The following general procedures apply to both subsonic and supersonic aircraft and are intended
for guidance only. Although all possible contingencies cannot be covered, they provide for cases
of inability to maintain assigned level due to weather, aircraft performance, pressurization failure
and problems associated with high-level supersonic flight. They are applicable primarily when
rapid descent and/or turn-back or diversion to an alternate airport are required. The pilot’s judge-
ment shall determine the sequence of actions taken, taking into account specific circumstances.
If an aircraft is unable to continue flight in accordance with its air traffic control clearance, a
revised clearance shall, whenever possible, be obtained prior to initiating any action, using a dis-
tress or urgency signal, as appropriate.
If prior clearance cannot be obtained, an ATC clearance shall be obtained at the earliest possible
time and, until a revised clearance is received, the pilot shall:
flight identification, flight level, aircraft position, (including the ATS route designator or the
track code) and intentions on the frequency in use, as well as on frequency 121.5 MHz (or,
as a back-up, the VHF inter-pilot air-to-air frequency 123.45);
c. watch for conflicting traffic both visually and by reference to ACAS (if equipped); and
d. turn on all aircraft exterior lights (commensurate with appropriate operating limitations).
Special Procedure for Subsonic Aircraft Requiring Rapid Descent and/or Turn-back or
Diversion to an Alternate Airport Due to Aircraft System Malfunction or Other
Contingencies
Initial Action
If unable to comply with the provisions to obtain a revised ATC clearance, the aircraft should
leave its assigned route or track by turning 90 degrees right or left whenever this is possible. The
direction of the turn should be determined by the position of the aircraft relative to any organized
route or track system, e.g. whether the aircraft is outside, at the edge of, or within the system.
Other factors to consider are terrain clearance and the levels allocated to adjacent routes or
tracks.
TUVALU
Subsequent Action
AIRCRAFT ABLE TO MAINTAIN LEVEL. An aircraft able to maintain its assigned level should
acquire and maintain in either direction a track laterally separated by 25 NM from its assigned
route or track and once established on the offset track, climb or descend 500 ft (150m).
AIRCRAFT UNABLE TO MAINTAIN LEVEL. An aircraft NOT able to maintain its assigned level
should, whenever possible, minimize its rate of descent while turning to acquire and maintain in
either direction a track laterally separated by 25 NM from its assigned route or track. For subse-
quent level flight, a level should be selected which differs by 500 ft (150m) from those normally
used.
Aircraft not equipped with secondary surveillance radar (SSR) and/or aircraft flying in an area
where the availability of ground based SSR is non-existent or unknown, and the crew does not
have unrestricted use of the aircraft radio, may, if it is safe and practical to do so, insert in any
RTF transmissions the words “CHANNEL SEVEN FIVE HUNDRED” after the aircraft’s call sign to
indicate specifically that it is being subjected to unlawful interference.
SPEECHLESS TECHNIQUE USING UNMODULATED TRANSMISSIONS
When a pilot is able to communicate only by an unmodulated transmission (e.g., when the trans-
mitter is operative but the microphone unserviceable) the following technique will be employed by
ATS.
When an unmodulated transmission is received, the ATS operator will request the pilot to activate
the transmitter three times. Once the pilot complies the ATS operator will frame questions requir-
ing a “YES” or “NO” answer to ascertain if the aircraft:
a. can continue visually;
b. can execute an instrument approach; or
c. has reached a nominate position.
The above and any other information required will be obtained by requiring the pilot to use the
following code:
“YES” or “ROGER” — activate transmitter once
“NO” — activate transmitter twice
“SAY AGAIN” — activate transmitter three times
“AT NOMINATED POSITION” — activate transmitter four times
When it is established that the aircraft can receive, control may be exercised in the normal
manner except that frequency changes will not be requested unless there is no alternative.
TUVALU
SEARCH AND RESCUE

Small craft in distress are advised to display an orange/red sheet bearing a black letter “V” which
has the meaning — I REQUIRE ASSISTANCE . Pilots observing such a signal displayed in a
prominent position on a small craft should interpret it as a distress signal and act accordingly.
US PAC TERRITORIES
GENERAL
Flights shall operate in accordance with the provisions of Annex 2, and the procedures detailed in
ICAO Annexes and Documents shall apply except, over United States Territories Federal Aviation
Regulations, control procedures and definitions apply.
United States Territories in the Pacific ICAO Region.
– American Samoa
– Guam
– Johnston Atoll
– Midway I
– Northern Mariana Is
– Wake I
Independent States with Free Association.
– Marshall Islands (Republic of the Marshall Islands)
– Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia)
– Palau (Republic of Palau)
EMERGENCY
A pilot in any distress or urgency condition should climb, if possible, for improved communica-
tions, and better radar and direction finding detection. However, it must be understood that unau-
thorized climb or descent under IFR conditions within controlled airspace is prohibited, except as
permitted by FAR 91.3(b) (in an emergency the pilot-in-command may deviate from any rule to
the extent required to meet that emergency).
INTERCEPT AND ESCORT

If specifically requested by a pilot in difficulty or if a distress condition is declared, Search and
Rescue (SAR) coordinators will take steps to intercept and escort an aircraft. Steps may be initi-
ated for intercept and escort if an urgency condition is declared and unusual circumstances make
such action advisable.
It is the pilot’s prerogative to refuse intercept and escort service. Escort services will normally be
provided to the nearest adequate airport. Should the pilot receiving escort services continue on to
another location after reaching a safe airport, or decide not to divert to the nearest safe airport,
the escort aircraft is not obligated to continue and further escort is discretionary. The decision will
depend on the circumstances of the individual incident.
US PAC TERRITORIES
MINIMUM FUEL ADVISORY

Be aware that this is not an emergency situation but merely an advisory that indicates an emer-
gency situation is possible should any undue delay occur.
Advise ATC of “minimum fuel” status when fuel supply has reached a state where, upon reaching
destination, any undue delay is not acceptable.
A minimum fuel advisory does not imply a need for traffic priority. If the remaining usable fuel
supply suggests the need for traffic priority to ensure a safe landing, declare an emergency,
account low fuel, and report the fuel remaining in minutes.
SPECIAL EMERGENCIES (AIR PIRACY)
A special emergency is a condition of air piracy, or other hostile act by person(s) aboard an air-
craft, which threatens the safety of the aircraft or its passengers.
The pilot of an aircraft reporting a special emergency condition should:
a. If circumstances permit, apply distress or urgency radio-telephony procedures. Include the
details of the special emergency.
b. If circumstances do not permit the use of prescribed distress or urgency procedures, transmit
on the air-ground frequency in use at the time as many as possible of the following elements
spoken distinctly and in the following order:
1. Name of the station addressed (time and circumstances permitting);
2. The identification of the aircraft and present position;
3. The nature of the special emergency condition and pilot intentions (circumstances per-
mitting);
4. If unable to provide this information, use code words and/or transponder as follows:
– Spoken Words — “TRANSPONDER SEVEN FIVE ZERO ZERO”. Meaning — ”Am
being hijacked/forced to a new destination”;
– Transponder Setting — Mode 3/A, Code 7500.
If it is possible to do so without jeopardizing the safety of the flight, the pilot of a hijacked passen-
ger aircraft, after departing from the cleared routing over which the aircraft was operating, will
attempt to do one or more of the following, insofar as circumstances may permit:
a. Maintain a true airspeed of no more than 400 kt, and preferably an altitude between 10,000'
and 25,000'.
b. Fly a course toward the destination which the hijacker has announced.
If these procedures result in either radio contact or an air intercept, the pilot will attempt to comply
with any instructions received which may direct him to an appropriate landing field.
VANUATU
GENERAL
General
The following procedures are intended for use by aircraft when unlawful interference occurs and
the aircraft is unable to notify an ATS unit of this fact.
Procedures
Unless considerations aboard the aircraft dictate otherwise, the pilot-in-command should attempt
to continue flying on the assigned track and at the assigned cruising level at least until notification
to an ATS unit is possible or the aircraft is within radar coverage.
When an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful interference must depart from its assigned track
or its assigned cruising level without being able to make radiotelephony contact with ATS, the
pilot-in-command should, whenever possible:
– attempt to broadcast warnings on the VHF emergency frequency and other appropriate fre-
quencies, unless considerations aboard the aircraft dictate otherwise. Other equipment such as
onboard transponders, data links, etc. should also be used when it is advantageous to do so
and circumstances permit; and
– proceed in accordance with applicable special procedures for in-flight contingencies, where
such procedures have been established and promulgated in ICAO Doc 7030 - Regional Sup-
plementary Procedures (not printed herein); or
– if no applicable regional procedures have been established, proceed at a level which differs
from the cruising levels normally used for IFR flight in the area by 1000ft if above FL290 or
500ft if below FL290.
Emergency

East
JAPAN
GENERAL
EMERGENCY
The distress call (MAYDAY, three times) alerts all listening parties of an aircraft emergency, which
will receive priority handling and possible assistance from other sources.
The transmission by a station not in distress itself relaying a distress message shall always be
preceded by the signal MAYDAY RELAY pronounced as the French expression “M’aider relais”.
TWO-WAY RADIO FAILURE
Pilots may attempt to alert radar systems using the following procedures:
Transmitter only Inoperative – Fly a triangular pattern to the RIGHT, 120 degree turns at 1 1/2
degrees per second. Hold each heading for two minutes for conventional aircraft, one minute for
jet aircraft. Complete a minimum of two such patterns before resuming original course and then
repeat pattern at 20 minute intervals.
Transmitter and Receiver Inoperative – Fly a triangular pattern to the LEFT, 120 degree turns at 1
1/2 degrees per second. Hold each heading for two minutes for conventional aircraft, one minute
for jet aircraft. Complete a minimum of two such patterns before resuming original course and
then repeat pattern at 20 minute intervals.
If patterns are observed by a radar station, an escort will be dispatched if possible.
PILOT PROCEDURES WHILE BEING RADAR VECTORED BY AIR ROUTE

SURVEILLANCE RADAR (ARSR)
Unless otherwise instructed by ATC, pilot procedures for communication failure while operating
within a control area, a control zone or an information zone shall be as follows:
a. Attempt shall be made to establish communications with the appropriate air traffic control
unit or aeronautical mobile communication and information unit.
b. If this attempt fails,
1. If in visual meteorological conditions the aircraft shall continue to fly in visual meteoro-
logical conditions and land at the nearest aerodrome where a safe landing is considered
possible, then report its arrival to the appropriate air traffic control unit expeditiously.
2. If pilot of an IFR flight considers it advisable to complete the flight in accordance with 1.
above or is in instrument meteorological conditions, the aircraft shall;
(a) proceed according to the last assigned route to the point over destination (the air-
space right above the destination aerodrome or the appropriate designated naviga-
JAPAN
tion aid/fix specified as a point which that an instrument approach procedure will
be commenced if any). When being radar vectored, proceed to;
(1) the fix assigned as a limit of vector when an aircraft is given a vector; or
(2) the nearest fix towards the destination on the airway or route assigned as a
limit of vector when an aircraft is given a vector; or
(3) the nearest fix towards the destination on the last assigned route when not
assigned a limit of vector, then rejoin the last assigned route. While proceed-
ing to fix mentioned above, aircraft should fly to avoid restricted/warning
areas.
(b) maintain the last assigned altitude or minimum altitude (minimum enroute altitude,
minimum crossing altitude, minimum reception altitude or altitude restriction)
whichever is higher and the last assigned speed for a following period and there-
after adjust altitude and speed in accordance with the filed flight plan;
(1) in airspace where radar is not used in the provision of air traffic control, for a
period of 20 minutes following the aircraft's failure to report its position over a
compulsory reporting point.
(2) in airspace where radar is used in the provision of air traffic control, for a
period of 7 minutes following:
– the time the last assigned altitude or minimum altitude is reached; or
– the time the transponder is set to Code 7600 whichever is later.
In a case the aircraft has been issued a descend clearance for approach before
the communication failure, maintain the altitude included in that clearance.
(c) upon arrival at the point over destination in accordance with (a) and (b) above,
commence descent without delay if approach clearance has been issued or com-
mence descent in other cases after holding over the point until the time specified
below (or commence descent as soon as possible, when descent was impossible
at the time).
(1) the expected approach time (EAT), if EAT has been received; or
(2) the estimated time of arrival (ETA), if no EAT has been received but the air-
craft has reported to ATC regarding its ETA at the point; or
(3) the time which the total estimated elapsed time (the time inserted to field 16
of flight plan) has elapsed after take–off in cases other than (1) and (2) above.
(d) In a case the aircraft has arrived at the point over destination before the communi-
cation failure and an instruction has been issued to hold at the point, commence
descent after holding over the point until the time specified below (or commence
descent as soon as possible, when descent was impossible at the time).
(1) the expected approach time (EAT), if EAT has been received; or
JAPAN
(2) the expect further clearance time (EFC), in case where no EAT has been
received but EFC has been received; or
(3) the time which the total estimated elapsed time (the time filed in flight plan)
has elapsed after take–off in cases other than (1) and (2) above.
PROCEDURES FOR ARRIVAL AIRCRAFT UNDER RADAR NAVIGATIONAL

GUIDANCE
If radio communications with Approach/Radar are lost for:
a. 30 seconds after radar contact at:
Amakusa Kumamoto
Fukuoka Miyazaki
Hiroshima Nagasaki
Kagoshima Niigata
Kochi Oita
b. one minute after radar contact at:
Chubu (Centrair) Osaka (Intl)

Hakodate Sapporo (New Chitose)
Izumo Sendai
Matsuyama Shimojishima
Miyakojima (Miyako) Takamatsu
Okayama Tokyo (Haneda) Tokyo Intl
Osaka (Kansai Intl) Tokyo (Narita) New Tokyo Intl
c. one minute in the pattern or 5 seconds (PAR), 15 seconds (ASR) on final approach at:
Ashiya Naha
Hamamatsu Nyutabaru
Hyakuri Sapporo (Chitose)
Iruma Tachikawa
Kanoya Tokushima
Komatsu Tsuiki
Matsushima Utsunomiya (Military)
Nagoya Yonago (Miho)
JAPAN
Squawk Mode A/3, Code 7600 and:

a. Contact Tower, Approach or Radar.
b. If unable, proceed in accordance with visual flight rules.
c. If unable, proceed to a published approach navaid at last assigned altitude or the initial
approach altitude for the navaid (except as noted below) whichever is higher and execute an
instrument approach.
NOTE:
a. Ashiya – 5000 ft
Fukuoka – 5000 ft
Hakodate – 5000 ft;
Hamamatsu – 3000 ft;
Hiroshima – 4100 ft;
Hyakuri – 4000 ft;
Iruma – 4000 ft;
Izumo – 3000 ft;
Kagoshima – 3500 ft;
Komatsu – 4000 ft;
Kumamoto – 5500 ft;
Matsushima – 4000 ft;
Matsuyama – 6000 ft;
Miho – 4000 ft;
Miyako – 2000 ft;
Miyazaki – 4500 ft;
Nagasaki – 4000 ft;
Niigata – 4000 ft;
Nyutabaru – 5000 ft;
Oita – 3500 ft;
Okayama – 4000 ft;
Sapporo (New Chitose) – 7000 ft;
Sendai – 3000 ft;
Shimojishima – 2000 ft;
Tachikawa – 4000 ft;
JAPAN
Takamatsu – 5000 ft;

Tokushima – 3000 ft.
b. Chubu
– Rwy 36 in use: Proceed to PROBE or PIXIE at the last assigned altitude or 3500 FT
whichever is higher and execute instrument approach.
– Rwy 18 in use: Proceed to QUEST or POKER at the last assigned altitude or 3500
FT whichever is higher and execute instrument approach.
c. Kanoya:
1. In the vector,
– Proceed to DAGRI or KIIRE IAF at last assigned altitude or 3000 ft. whichever
is higher, and execute instrument approach as follows. TACAN Z RWY26L, ILS
Y or LOC C RWY26L, TACAN RWY08R.
– Proceed to JA NDB at last assigned altitude or 5000 ft. whichever is higher, and
execute NDB A Approach.
2. On final approach,
– Execute final approach.
d. Kochi:
– When assigned altitude at or above 5000 ft., proceed to KRE VOR/NDB maintaining
last assigned altitude and execute instrument approach.
– When assigned altitude below 5000 ft.;
If established on a segment of the Instrument Approach Procedure, execute that
Instrument Approach.
If not yet established on a segment of the Instrument Approach Procedure, climb
and maintain 5000 ft. and proceed to KRE VOR/NDB and execute instrument
approach.
e. Nagoya:
– Proceed to Nagoya VORTAC at last assigned altitude or 3000 ft. whichever is higher
and execute instrument approach.
– Proceed to IAF via Nagoya VORTAC at last assigned altitude or 5000 ft. whichever
is higher and execute instrument approach.
f. Naha
– Rwy 36, proceed to GRASE at the last assigned altitude or 2000 ft whichever is
higher and execute instrument approach.
– Rwy 18, proceed to EISAR at the last assigned altitude or 3000 ft whichever is
higher and execute instrument approach.
JAPAN
g. Osaka Intl:
– When the last assigned altitude is 3500 ft or above, proceed to SKE VOR/DME at
last assigned altitude or 4000 ft, whichever is higher, and execute an instrument
approach procedure via SHINODA ARRIVAL;
– When assigned altitude is below 3500 ft, climb to 4000 ft and proceed to OWE VOR/
DME, fly on HDG 323 DEG to OWE 2.0 DME, turn left HDG 145 DEG to intercept
and proceed VIA SKE R-008 to SKE VOR/DME, and execute instrument approach
VIA SHINODA ARRIVAL.
h. Osaka/Kansai Intl:
– When Rwy 06 is in use, proceed to Gates at last assigned altitude or 4000 ft, which-
ever is higher, and execute instrument approach;
– When Rwy 24 is in use, proceed to Awaji VOR/DME at last assigned altitude or 4000
ft, whichever is higher, and execute instrument approach via LILAC ARRIVAL.
i. Sapporo (Chitose):
– Proceed to ABIRA IAF at last assigned altitude or 6000 ft. whichever is higher, and
execute TACAN Nr.4/TACAN Nr.5 approach, as appropriate.
– Proceed to CHITOSE VOR/DME at last assigned altitude or 7000 ft. whichever is
higher, and execute ADF/VOR or VOR/DME approach, as appropriate.
j. Tokyo Intl (Haneda):
– When Rwy 34L or 34R in use, proceed to SINGO at last assigned altitude or 4000 ft,
whichever is higher, and execute instrument approach for RWY 34R.
– When Rwy 22, Rwy 23, Rwy 16L or Rwy 16R in use, proceed to SMILE at last
assigned altitude or 4000 ft, whichever is higher, and execute instrument approach
RWY 23.
k. Tokyo (Narita)(New Tokyo Intl):
– RWY 34L/R; proceed to DAISY at last assigned altitude or 4000 ft whichever is
higher, and make an instrument approach to RWY 34L.
– RWY 16L/R; proceed to LAKES at last assigned altitude or 6000 ft whichever is
higher, and make an instrument approach to RWY 16R.
l. Tsuiki:
– Rwy 07, proceed to SANKO IAF at last assigned altitude or 6000 ft whichever is
higher and execute TACAN Z RWY 07 approach.
– Rwy 25, proceed to SANKO IAF at last assigned altitude or 4000 ft whichever is
higher and execute TACAN Z RWY 25 approach.
d. If established on any final approach, or on an instrument approach segment at Naha,
Okayama or Takamatsu, continue the instrument final approach or the approach procedure.
JAPAN
Procedures other than above will be issued when the situation requires.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
ICAO DIFFERENCES OF STATE SPECIAL PROCEDURES
GENERAL
No person may take off unless two-way radio communications can be maintained with Air Traffic
Control.
On recognition of communication failure during flight, squawk 7600 and if necessary to ensure
safe altitude, climb to Minimum Safe Altitude or above to maintain obstacle clearance.
Specific Communications Failure Special Procedures (if any) can be found in Terminal section for
each airport.
SINGAPORE
GENERAL
In the event of failure of two-way communications while operating on a radar frequency, the pilot
shall change to any other alternative ATC frequency and request instructions.
If able to receive but not transmit, the pilot shall remain on the frequency on which he has been
communicating and comply with instructions issued by the radar controller designed to establish
that the aircraft is receiving. If this is established, further instructions appropriate to the circum-
stances will be issued.
If unable to make contact on the alternative frequencies, the pilot shall comply with the standard
radio failure procedures as specified below.
If total radio communication failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours, the pilot shall continue to
fly in VMC and land at the most suitable aerodrome.
If total communication failure occurs in IMC or in VMC during the hours between sunset and sun-
rise, ATC action is based on the assumption that the aircraft will continue to its destination and if
unable to land, will proceed to its nominated alternate.
In IMC, or if unable to maintain VFR, the pilot shall either leave or avoid controlled airspace and
areas of dense traffic and establish VFR operations or, alternatively, shall:
a. Proceed according to the current flight plan, at the last assigned flight level, to the clearance
limit and thereafter at the flight plan level;
b. Arrive at the destination as close as possible to the estimated time of arrival (ETA).
c. Commence descent as close as possible to estimated approach time (EAT) (or ETA if no
EAT has been acknowledged).
d. If unable to land within 30 minutes of the time descent should have started (i.e. EAT or ETA
if no EAT has been acknowledged), proceed to cross SAMKO Holding Area (SHA) at 4000 ft
then:
1. via A457 at FL200 if Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Intl) is the nominated alternate, or
2. via B470 at FL290 if Jakarta, Indonesia (Soekarno-Hatta Intl) is the nominated alter-
nate, or
3. otherwise proceed at the planned flight level to other nominated alternate.
NOTE:
a. Aircraft are to follow the established radio failure procedures as laid down by the
respective airports.
SINGAPORE
b. During this 30 minute period ATC will reserve the airspace at the aircraft’s flight level
and below. At the expiry of this period with the concurrence of other users normal oper-
ations will resume.
In all cases, the pilot shall contact ATC as soon as possible after landing.
RADIO FAILURE — TRANSPONDER —EQUIPPED AIRCRAFT

Aircraft equipped with transponder shall set transponder to Mode A/C Code 7600.
Partial Radio Failure
a. Aircraft Unable to Receive
Pilots shall adopt the complete RTF failure procedures specified in COMMUNICATIONS
FAILURE paragraph above.
b. Aircraft Able to Receive
Following verification that aircraft is able to receive ground transmissions, ATC will continue
to issue instructions and/or clearance to pilots. Such instructions and clearances will be
repeated.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES — SINGAPORE CHANGI ARRIVALS

If total radio communications failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours to an aircraft bound for
Singapore Changi airport, the pilot shall maintain VMC to land at the most suitable airfield and
report to the appropriate air traffic control unit by the most expeditious means.
For IFR flights to Singapore Changi Airport, aircraft experiencing radio failure shall proceed
according to the last acknowledged clearance received from Singapore ATC, or if no specific
instructions or clearance has been received from Singapore ATC:
a. Maintain the last assigned altitude or flight level and proceed via airways thereafter the
appropriate Transition and STAR for Runway 02L/02C to SAMKO Holding Area (SHA)
except for the following STARS: LAVAX 1A and PASPU 1A shall proceed to SHA after
SANAT.
b. Commence descent from SHA at or as close as possible to the estimated time of arrival
(ETA) as indicated on the flight plan.
c. Carry out the appropriate instrument approach procedure from SHA to land on Rwy 02L/
02C;
If unable to effect a landing on:
1. Rwy 02L
Carry out missed approach procedure to AKOMA (PU R356/20DME). Leave AKOMA at
4000 ft to NYLON Holding Area (NHA) and execute the appropriate instrument proce-
dure from NHA to land on Rwy 20R or 20C, as appropriate.
2. Rwy 02C
SINGAPORE
Carry out missed approach procedure to NYLON Holding Area (NHA) and execute the
appropriate instrument procedure from NHA to land on Rwy 20R or 20C as appropriate.
3. Rwy 20R
Carry out missed approach procedure to SAMKO Holding Area (SHA) and execute the
appropriate instrument procedure from SHA to land on Runway 02L or Runway 02C, as
appropriate.
4. Rwy 20C
Carry out missed approach procedure to EXOMO (VTK R158/22 DME). Leave EXOMO
at 4000 ft to SAMKO Holding Area (SHA) and execute the appropriate instrument pro-
cedure from SHA to land on Runway 02L or Runway 02C, as appropriate.
IDENTIFICATION OF RUNWAY-IN-USE
ATC will switch on the appropriate approach lights and the ILS serving the runway-in-use to assist
the pilot in its identification. If the approach lights for the runway-in-use are sighted but the ILS
frequency is not received, the pilot shall assume that the ILS is inoperative and shall proceed to
land on the runway on which the approach lights have been sighted.
If unable to land within 30 minutes of estimated approach time (EAT), or estimated time of arrival
(ETA) if no EAT has been received and acknowledged, proceed to cross SAMKO Holding Area
(SHA) at 4000 ft then via A457 at FL200 if Kuala Lumpur is the nominated alternate or via B470 at
FL290 if Soekarno-Hatta is the nominated alternate or otherwise proceed at the planned flight
level to other nominated alternate.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES — SINGAPORE CHANGI — DEPARTURES

When an aircraft which has been cleared by ATC to an intermediate level experiences total radio
communications failure immediately after departure from Singapore Changi Airport and it is
deemed unsafe for it to continue to its destination, the pilot will set the aircraft transponder to
Mode A/C Code 7600 and adhere to the procedures below.
When radio communications failure occurs immediately after the aircraft has departed on Rwy
02L/02C, the pilot shall proceed according to the following procedures:
a. Proceed straight ahead to NYLON Holding Area (NHA) climbing to the last assigned altitude.
At NHA, climb/descend to maintain 7500 ft;
b. Hold at NHA for four (4) minutes. Leave NYLON on track 203° and on crossing Johor Bahru
(VJR) R108 turn left to intercept VJR R117 for HOSBA Holding Area (HHA) to jettison fuel (if
required), maintaining 7500 ft;
c. After fuel jettison, proceed to SAMKO Holding Area (SHA) via airway G580 and SINJON
DVOR. Maintain 7500 ft. At SHA descend for an instrument approach on Rwy 02L/02C.
Identify the runway-in-use in accordance with the IDENTIFICATION OF RUNWAY-IN-USE
paragraph above.
When radio communications failure occurs immediately after the aircraft has departed on Rwy
20R/20C, the pilot shall proceed according to the following procedures:
SINGAPORE
a. Proceed straight ahead to SAMKO Holding Area (SHA) climbing to the last assigned altitude.
At SHA climb/descend to maintain 7500 ft;
b. Hold at SHA for four (4) minutes. Leave SHA for HOSBA Holding Area (HHA) via SINJON
DVOR and airway G580 to jettison fuel (if required), maintaining 7500 ft;
c. After fuel jettison proceed to NHA via airway W401. Maintain 7500 ft. On crossing Tekong
(VTK) R042 turn right to intercept VTK R023. At NHA descend to carry out an instrument
approach on Rwy 20R/20C. Identify the runway-in-use in accordance with the IDENTIFICA-
TION OF RUNWAY-IN-USE paragraph above.
ATC action is based on the assumption that the aircraft will take a minimum of 10 minutes to jetti-
son fuel. An aircraft therefore should not leave earlier than 10 minutes after arrival at HOSBA
Holding Area even if fuel jettison is completed in a shorter time or if jettisoning is not necessary or
possible unless circumstances require an immediate return.
Alternatively, aircraft may jettison fuel between Hosba Int and a point 80 NM from VTK VOR/DME
on airway G580.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES — SELETAR

Arriving Aircraft
If total radio communication failure occurs in VMC during daylight hours to an aircraft bound for
Seletar Aerodrome, the pilot shall continue to fly in VMC and land at the most suitable aerodrome.
If in IMC or when weather conditions are such that the total radio communication failure aircraft
cannot complete its flight in accordance with the above, the pilot will EITHER:
a. proceed in accordance with the last acknowledged clearance from ATC; OR
b. if no specific instructions or clearances have been received and acknowledged;
1. maintain the last assigned level and proceed via flight planned route to Kong Kong (KK)
NDB;
2. commence descent from KK NDB at or as close as possible to the ETA Seletar Aero-
drome as indicated on the flight plan or last EAT passed by ATC and acknowledged by
aircraft;
3. leave KK NDB at 2500ft and proceed to overhead Seletar;
4. if Seletar Aerodrome is visual, initiate the standard arrival procedures for Runway 21;
5. if unable to perform a landing on Runway 21, carry out a missed approach at or below
1500 ft and land on Runway 03.
ATC will assist the pilot in identifying runway-in-use by switching on the runway lights and appro-
priate PAPI.
The pilot shall keep a look-out for light signals from Seletar Tower. On receipt of a green light
from Seletar Tower, a landing may be made.
If unable to land within 30 minutes of ETA Seletar as indicated in the flight plan or last acknowl-
edged EAT, aircraft will proceed to its flight planned alternate.
SINGAPORE
It is the pilot’s responsibility to ensure that he is clear of other traffic while carrying out the stand-
ard arrival procedure.
Departing Aircraft
If total radio communication failure occurs to a departing aircraft within the Seletar Control Zone,
the pilot shall maintain 2500 ft and if Seletar Aerodrome is visual, initiate the standard arrival pro-
cedures for Runway 21. If unable to perform a landing on Runway 21, carry out a missed
approach at or below 1500 ft and land on Runway 03. When in the circuit, the pilot shall keep a
look-out for light signals from Seletar Tower.
If departing aircraft experiences total radio communications failure outside the Seletar Control
Zone, the pilot shall follow procedures for Arriving Aircraft.
At night, aircraft experiencing total radio communication failure will proceed to its flight planned
alternate.
Local Flights
Helicopters
Helicopters experiencing RTF failure should approach low level (not above 300 ft) and fly past the
Control Tower on the eastern side of the runway rocking laterally.
In each circumstance, it is the pilot’s responsibility to ensure that he/she is cleared of other circuit
traffic and does not encroach on the approach of the runway.
Unless the pilot un-mistakenly sees a green light from the Tower, he/she is not to assume that
he/she is cleared to land but is to carry out the same procedure again.
Fixed Wing Aircraft
Aircraft experiencing radio failure are to descend on the western side of the runway to 600 ft and
rock the aircraft when passing abeam the Control Tower.
Unless the pilot un-mistakenly sees a green light from the Tower, he/she is not to assume that
he/she is cleared to land but is to carry out the same procedure again.
When carrying out radio failure procedure, the pilot-in-command shall not infringe the helicopter
circuit whenever it is active and shall keep a sharp look-out for helicopters and other aircraft oper-
ating in the aerodrome circuit.
TAIWAN
GENERAL
Search and Rescue procedures are in conformity with the International Standards, Recommen-
ded Practices and Procedures contained in ICAO Annexes and Documents.
EMERGENCY
Procedures For Aircraft In Flight When Taiwan Is Under Air Raid
a. After the air raid information has been received, Taipei Area Control Center will immediately
broadcast through A/G frequencies, in order to prohibit aircraft from entering the Taipei FIR
as well as to control the Taiwan-bound aircraft. Aircraft that have already entered the Taipei
FIR will be notified by Taipei Area Control Center to reverse course or divert away from the
Taipei FIR, or otherwise land immediately at the aerodrome designated by Chinese Air Force
(CAF) Air Control Center.
b. Aircraft that could not divert because of special situations will be directed to 121.5 MHz or
243.0 MHz and listen to CAF Air control Center for further information.
If in instrument meteorological conditions or when conditions are such that it does not appear
likely that the pilot will complete the flight:
a. Unless otherwise prescribed on the basis of a regional air navigation agreement, in airspace
where radar is not used in the provision of air traffic control, maintain the last assigned speed
and level, or minimum flight altitude if higher, for a period of 20 minutes following the air-
craft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point and thereafter adjust
level and speed in accordance with the filed flight plan; or,
b. In airspace where radar is used in the provision of air traffic control, maintain the last
assigned speed and level, or minimum flight altitude if higher, for a period of 7 minutes fol-
lowing:
1. The time the last assigned level or minimum flight altitude is reached; or
2. The time the transponder is set to Code 7600; or
3. The aircraft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point;
4. Whichever is later and thereafter adjust level and speed in accordance with the filed
flight plan;
c. When being radar vectored or having been directed by ATC to proceed offset using RNAV
without a specified limit, proceed in the most direct manner possible to rejoin the current
flight plan route no later than the next significant point, taking into consideration the applica-
ble minimum flight altitude;
d. Proceed according to the current flight plan route to the appropriate designated navigation
aid or fix serving the destination aerodrome and, when required to ensure compliance with e
below, hold over this aid or fix until commencement of descent;
TAIWAN
e. Commence descent from the navigation aid or fix specified in d at, or as close as possible to,
the expected approach time last received and acknowledged; or, if no expected approach
time has been received and acknowledged, at, or as close as possible to, the estimated time
of arrival resulting from the current flight plan;
f. Complete a normal instrument approach procedure as specified for the designated naviga-
tion aid or fix; and
g. Land, if possible, within 30 minutes after the estimated time of arrival specified in e or the
last acknowledged expected approach time, whichever is later.
INTERCEPTION
Aircraft will be intercepted by Chinese Air Force interceptors, if:
a. Aircraft do not adhere to the Air Defense Identification Procedures or to the Air Traffic Con-
trol Regulations and Procedures;
b. Aircraft deviate from the current flight plan — fail to pass over a compulsory reporting point
within 5 minutes of the estimated time over that point, deviation of 20 NM from the centerline
of the airway, or 2000' difference from the assigned altitude, or other deviations.
The following actions shall be taken when being intercepted by Chinese Air Force interceptors:
a. Follow the instruction given by the intercepting aircraft, interpreting and responding to visual
signals. Do not perform any maneuver which may be construed as hostile and fly straight
and level;
b. Notify, if possible the appropriate air traffic services unit;
c. Tune radio receiver to the international emergency frequency immediately (VHF: 121.5 MHZ,
UHF: 243.0 MHZ);
d. If direct radio communication cannot be established with the interceptors, comply strictly with
the visual signals given by them;
e. Unless otherwise instructed by the appropriate air traffic service unit, set transponder code
on 7700.
The safety of aircraft under interception will be in jeopardy if they fail to obey instructions given by
the interceptor.
The Authority of the Republic of China (Taiwan) will not be responsible for any damage caused to
aircraft by the interceptor or other devices due to noncompliance with the Air Defense Identifica-
tion Procedures, or the Air Traffic Regulations and Procedures.
If any instructions received by radio from any sources conflict with those given by the intercepting
aircraft by visual signals or by radio, the intercepted aircraft shall request immediate clarification
while continuing to comply with the instructions given by the intercepting aircraft.
Signals for use in the event of interception conform to ICAO Annex 2, Appendix 1 with the follow-
ing addition:
TAIWAN
SIGNAL By RESPONSE By
Series Meaning Meaning
INTERCEPTOR INTERCEPTED Aircraft
DAY — Pull up and down sev- If you do DAY — Rocking wings. Understand,
eral times from a position not obey will comply.
abreast the intercepted aircraft. our instruc-
6 NIGHT — Same as day with tions, your NIGHT — Same as day
the addition of flashing naviga- safety will with the addition of flashing
tion lights several times. not be se- navigation lights.
cured.
THAILAND
GENERAL
VFR AIRCRAFT WITHIN CONTROL ZONES
Basic ICAO procedures apply, however, aircraft will not be permitted to take-off unless two-way
radio communications can be maintained with the Control Tower.
If a VFR aircraft experiences radio communications failure after departure, the pilot will comply
with the VFR cruising altitudes.
ARRIVING AIRCRAFT
When an aircraft radio receiver becomes inoperative, report the position, distance, heading, alti-
tude and departure point when approaching CTR of the airport by transmitting in the blind.
In the event of two-way communications failure, radio transmitter or receiver failure, observe the
direction of traffic in the pattern, and enter downwind with the flow of traffic.
Day Time
– Join the traffic pattern of the landing runway at the appropriate height for the type of aircraft,
then make a low approach along the runway at 500 feet above the terrain, rocking wings of the
aircraft until it reaches the end of the runway.
– Re-enter downwind leg and observe light signals from the Control Tower.
Night Time
– Join the traffic pattern of the landing runway at the appropriate height for the type of aircraft,
then make a low approach along the runway at 500 feet above the terrain and blinking the land-
ing light until it reaches the end of the runway.
– Re-enter downwind leg and observe mobile control and/or control tower for light signals on
base leg and final approach.
Airport Directory
Airport Directory
Airport Decode Listings - Pacific

AIRPORT DECODE LISTINGS - PACIFIC 1503
PACIFIC
IATA LOCATION IDENTIFIERS DECODE
A AVV Avalon, Australia

AAB Arrabury, Australia AXC Aramac, Australia
ABH Alpha, Australia AXT Akita, Japan
ABM Northern Peninsula, Australia AYQ Ayers Rock, Australia
ABX Albury, Australia AYR Ayr, Australia
ADL Adelaide (Adelaide Intl), Australia
B
ADO Andamooka, Australia
BAA Bialla, PNG
AGJ Aguni, Japan
BAG Baguio, Philippines
AGL Wanigela, PNG
BAS Ballalae, Solomon Is
AKJ Asahikawa, Japan
BBG Butaritari, Kiribati
AKL Auckland (Auckland Intl), New Zea-
land BBM Battambang, Cambodia
AKS Auki, Solomon Is BBN Bario, Malaysia
AKY Sittwe, Myanmar BCD Silay (Bacolod), Philippines
ALH Albany, Australia BCH Baucau (Cakung), Indonesia
ALR Alexandra, New Zealand BCI Barcaldine, Australia
AMQ Ambon (Pattimura), Indonesia BDB Bundaberg, Australia
AMZ Auckland (Ardmore), New Zealand BDJ Banjarmasin (Syamsudin Noor), In-
donesia
AOJ Aomori, Japan
BDO Bandung (Husein Sastranegara), In-
AOR Alor Star (Sultan Abdul Halim), Ma- donesia
laysia
BEU Bedourie, Australia
AOU Attopeu, Laos
BFV Buri Ram, Thailand
APW Apia (Faleolo Intl), Samoa
BHE Blenheim (Woodbourne (Military)),
ARM Armidale, Australia
New Zealand
ARY Ararat, Australia
BHQ Broken Hill, Australia
ASG Ashburton, New Zealand
BHS Bathurst, Australia
ASJ Amami, Japan
BIK Biak (Frans Kaisiepo), Indonesia
ASP Alice Springs, Australia
BKH Kekaha (Barking Sands Pacific Mis-
ATD Atoifi, Solomon Is sile Range), USA
ATN Namatanai, PNG BKI Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
AUD Augustus Downs, Australia BKK Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl), Thai-
AUU Aurukun, Australia land
PACIFIC
BKQ Blackall, Australia BUC Burketown, Australia

BKS Bengkulu (Fatmawati Soekarno), In- BUL Bulolo, PNG
donesia
BUY Bunbury, Australia
BLN Benalla, Australia
BVI Birdsville, Australia
BLS Bollon, Australia BWB Barrow I, Australia
BLT Blackwater, Australia BWH Butterworth, Malaysia
BME Broome (Broome Intl), Australia BWN Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl),
BMU Bima (Sultan Muhammad Salahud- Brunei
din), Indonesia BWQ Brewarrina, Australia
BMV DacLac (BuonMaThuot), Vietnam BWT Wynyard, Australia
BNE Brisbane (Brisbane Intl), Australia BXU Butuan, Philippines
BNK Ballina (Ballina/Byron Gateway), BZD Balranald, Australia
Australia
BOX Borroloola, Australia C
BPH Bislig, Philippines CAH CaMau, Vietnam
BPN Balikpapan (Sepinggan), Indonesia CAZ Cobar, Australia
BQA Baler, Philippines CBO Cotabato, Philippines
BQB Busselton, Australia CBR Canberra, Australia
BQL Boulia, Australia CBX Condobolin, Australia
BQW Balgo Hill, Australia CCL Chinchilla, Australia
BRK Bourke, Australia CCW Cowell, Australia
BRT Bathurst I, Australia CDA Cooinda, Australia
BSF Pohakuloa (Bradshaw AAF), USA CDQ Croydon, Australia
BSJ Bairnsdale, Australia CDU Camden, Australia
BSO Basco, Philippines CEB Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu
BSX Pathein, Myanmar Intl), Philippines
BTH Batam (Hang Nadim), Indonesia CED Ceduna, Australia
BTJ Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda), CEI Chiang Rai (Chiang Rai Intl), Thai-
Indonesia land
BTU Bintulu, Malaysia CES Cessnock, Australia
BTX Betoota, Australia CFS Coffs Harbour, Australia
BUA Buka, PNG CGC Cape Gloucester, PNG
PACIFIC
CGK Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl), Indo- CSI Casino, Australia

nesia CTL Charleville, Australia
CGM Mambajao (Camiguin), Philippines CTN Cooktown, Australia
CGY Cagayan De Oro, Philippines CTS Sapporo (New Chitose), Japan
CHC Christchurch (Christchurch Intl), New CUD Caloundra, Australia
Zealand
CUQ Coen, Australia
CHF Chinhae (R-813), Korea
CUY Cue, Australia
CHT Chatham Is (Chatham Is/Tuuta),
New Zealand CVC Cleve, Australia
CIS Canton I (Canton Afld), Kiribati CVQ Carnarvon, Australia
CJJ Cheongju (Cheongju Intl), Korea CWT Cowra, Australia
CJM Chumphon, Thailand CWW Corowa, Australia
CJU Jeju (Jeju Intl), Korea CXR Khanh Hoa (Cam Ranh Intl), Viet-
nam
CKI Croker I, Australia
CXT Charters Towers, Australia
CKW Christmas Creek, Australia
CYG Corryong, Australia
CLH Coolah, Australia
CYI Chiayi (Chiayi Aero), Taiwan
CMA Cunnamulla, Australia
CYP Calbayog, Philippines
CMD Cootamundra, Australia
CYZ Cauayan (Cauayan Community),
CML Camooweal (Camooweal Ala), Aus-
Philippines
tralia
CZY Cluny, Australia
CMQ Clermont, Australia
CMU Chimbu, PNG D
CNB Coonamble, Australia DAD Da Nang (Da Nang Intl), Vietnam
CNJ Cloncurry, Australia DAU Daru, PNG
CNS Cairns (Cairns Intl), Australia DBO Dubbo, Australia
CNX Chiang Mai (Chiang Mai Intl), Thai- DBY Dalby, Australia
land
DCN Curtin, Australia
COJ Coonabarabran, Australia
DDN Delta Downs, Australia
CPD Coober Pedy, Australia
DGE Mudgee, Australia
CRB Collarenebri, Australia
DGT Dumaguete, Philippines
CRK Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal
Intl), Philippines DHD Durham Downs, Australia
CRM Catarman, Philippines

PACIFIC
DIL Dili (Pres Nicolau Lobato Intl), Indo- EPR Esperance, Australia
nesia ERB Ernabella, Australia
DIN DienBien, Vietnam
DJB Jambi (Sultan Thaha), Indonesia F
DJJ Jayapura (Sentani), Indonesia FGI Fagali, Samoa
DKV Docker River, Australia FIN Finschhafen, PNG
DLI LamDong (LienKhuong), Vietnam FIZ Fitzroy Crossing, Australia
DLV Delissaville, Australia FKJ Fukui, Japan
DMD Doomadgee, Australia FKS Fukushima, Japan
DMK Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl), Thai- FLS Flinders I, Australia
land FOS Forrest, Australia
DNA Okinawa I (Kadena AB), Japan FRB Forbes, Australia
DNQ Deniliquin, Australia FSZ Shizuoka, Japan
DPO Devonport, Australia FUJ Fukue, Japan
DPS Bali (Ngurah Rai Intl), Indonesia FUK Fukuoka, Japan
DRB Derby, Australia FUN Funafuti (Funafuti Intl), Tuvalu
DRN Dirranbandi, Australia
DRR Durrie, Australia G
DRW Darwin (Darwin Intl), Australia GAH Gayndah, Australia
DUD Dunedin, New Zealand GAJ Yamagata, Japan
DVO Davao (Bangoy Intl), Philippines GAP Gusap, PNG
DVP Davenport Downs, Australia GAR Garaina, PNG
DYA Dysart, Australia GAZ Guasopa, PNG

GBV Gibb River, Australia
E GBZ Great Barrier, New Zealand
ECH Echuca, Australia GES Gen Santos (Buayan), Philippines
EDR Pormpuraaw, Australia GET Geraldton, Australia
ELC Elcho I, Australia GFF Griffith, Australia
EMD Emerald, Australia GFN Grafton, Australia
ENT Enewetak Atoll (Enewetak Aux AF), GGD Gregory Downs, Australia
Marshall Is
GIS Gisborne, New Zealand
GKA Goroka, PNG
PACIFIC
GLI Glen Innes, Australia HHE Hachinohe, Japan

GLT Gladstone, Australia HHI Wahiawa (Wheeler AAF), USA
GMP Seoul (Gimpo Intl), Korea HID Horn Island, Australia
GOO Goondiwindi, Australia HIJ Hiroshima, Japan
GOV Gove, Australia HIK Honolulu (Hickam AFB), USA
GPN Garden Point, Australia HIN Sacheon, Korea
GTE Groote Eylandt, Australia HIR Honiara (Honiara Intl /Henderson
Field), Solomon Is
GTN Glentanner, New Zealand
HIX Hiva Oa I (Atuona), French Pacific
GTO Gorontalo (Djalaluddin), Indonesia
O.T.
GTT Georgetown, Australia
HKD Hakodate, Japan
GUH Gunnedah, Australia
HKK Hokitika, New Zealand
GUL Goulburn, Australia
HKN Hoskins, PNG
GUM Agana (Guam Intl), Guam
HKT Phuket (Phuket Intl), Thailand
GUR Alotau, Png (Gurney), PNG
HLP Jakarta (Halim Intl), Indonesia
GVI Green River, PNG
HLS St Helens, Australia
GWA Gwa, Myanmar
HLT Hamilton, Australia
GYL Argyle, Australia
HLZ Hamilton, New Zealand
GYP Gympie, Australia
HMG Hermannsburg, Australia
H HNA Hanamaki, Japan
HAC Hachijojima, Japan HNL Honolulu (Honolulu Intl), USA
HAN Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl), Vietnam HNM Hana, USA
HBA Hobart, Australia HOK Hooker Creek, Australia
HCN Hengchun, Taiwan HOX Hommalinn, Myanmar
HCQ Halls Creek, Australia HPA Ha'Apai-Lifuka Island (Ha'Apai-Lifu-

ka), Tonga
HDH Oahu (Dillingham), USA
HPH HaiPhong (CatBi), Vietnam
HDY Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl), Thailand
HPV Hanalei (Princeville), USA
HEH Heho, Myanmar
HSG Saga, Japan
HGD Hughenden, Australia
HSM Horsham, Australia
HGN Mae Hong Son, Thailand
HTI Hamilton I (Hamilton I.), Australia
HGU Mount Hagen, PNG
HTR Hateruma, Japan
PACIFIC
HTU Hopetoun, Australia J

HUI HUE (Phu Bai Intl), Vietnam JAB Jabiru, Australia
HUN Hualien, Taiwan JAD Perth (Jandakot), Australia
HVB Hervey Bay, Australia JAQ Jacquinot Bay, PNG
HXX Hay, Australia JCK Julia Creek, Australia
JHB Johor Bahru (Senai Intl), Malaysia
I
JHM Lahaina (Kapalua), USA
IDK Indulkana, Australia
JOG Yogyakarta (Adi Sucipto), Indonesia
IEJ Iejima, Japan
JOL Jolo, Philippines
IFF Iffley, Australia
JOP Josephstall, PNG
IFL Innisfail, Australia
JRF Kapolei (Kalaeloa (John Rodgers
IGN Iligan City (Iligan), Philippines Field)), USA
IKI Ikishima (Iki), Japan JUN Jundah, Australia
ILO Iloilo, Philippines
INJ Injune, Australia K
INM Innamincka, Australia KAG Gangneung, Korea
INU Nauru I, Nauru (Nauru Intl), Nauru KAT Kaitaia, New Zealand
IPH Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah), Malaysia KAW Kawthoung, Myanmar
IRG Lockhart River, Australia KAX Kalbarri, Australia
ISA Mt Isa, Australia KBR Kota Bharu (Sultan Ismail Petra),

Malaysia
ISG Ishigaki I (Ishigaki), Japan
KBV Krabi, Thailand
ISI Isisford, Australia
KBY Streaky Bay, Australia
ITM Osaka (Osaka Intl), Japan
KBZ Kaikoura, New Zealand
ITO Hilo (Hilo Intl), USA
KCE Collinsville, Australia
IUE Niue Island (Niue Intl), Niue
KCH Kuching (Kuching Intl), Malaysia
IVC Invercargill, New Zealand
KCS Kings Creek, Australia
IVR Inverell, Australia
KCZ Kochi, Japan
IWJ Iwami, Japan
KDI Kendari (Halu Oleo), Indonesia
IWO Iwoto, Japan
KDP Kandep, PNG
IZO Izumo, Japan
KDR Kandrian, PNG
PACIFIC
KDT Nakhon Pathom (Kamphaeng Saen), KPS Kempsey, Australia

Thailand KRA Kerang, Australia
KET Kengtung, Myanmar KRB Karumba, Australia
KFG Kalkgurung, Australia KSA Kosrae I (Kosrae), Micronesia
KGC Kingscote, Australia KTA Karratha, Australia
KGI Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Australia KTD Kitadaito I (Kitadaito), Japan
KGY Kingaroy, Australia KTE Kerteh, Malaysia
KHH Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl), Taiwan KTR Tindal (Tindal (Military)), Australia
KHM Kanti, Myanmar KUA Kuantan (Sultan Ahmad Shah), Ma-
KIJ Niigata, Japan laysia
KKC Khon Kaen, Thailand KUH Kushiro, Japan
KKD Kokoda, PNG KUL Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl -
Sepang), Malaysia
KKE Kerikeri, New Zealand
KUV Gunsan (Gunsan AB), Korea
KKJ Kitakyushu, Japan
KVG Kavieng, PNG
KKM Lop Buri (Khok Kathiam), Thailand
KWA Kwajalein Atoll (Bucholz AAF), Mar-
KKO Kaikohe, New Zealand
shall Is
KLO Kalibo, Philippines
KWJ Gwangju, Korea
KMA Kerema, PNG
KWM Kowanyama, Australia
KMI Miyazaki, Japan
KWO Kawito, PNG
KMJ Kumamoto, Japan
KYP Kyaukpyu, Myanmar
KML Kamileroi, Australia
KMQ Komatsu, Japan L
KNH Kinmen, Taiwan LAE Lae (Nadzab), PNG
KNS King I, Australia LAO Laoag (Laoag Intl), Philippines
KNX Kununurra, Australia LBU Labuan I (Labuan), Malaysia
KOA Kailua-Kona (Kona Intl At Keahole), LBX Lubang (Lubang Community), Philip-
USA pines
KOE Kupang (El Tari), Indonesia LDH Lord Howe Island, Australia
KOJ Kagoshima, Japan LDU Lahad Datu, Malaysia
KOP Nakhon Phanom, Thailand LEA Learmonth, Australia
KOS Sihanouk (Sihanouk Intl), Cambodia LEL Lake Evella, Australia
KPO Pohang, Korea LER Leinster, Australia
PACIFIC
LGH Leigh Creek, Australia MAJ Majuro Atoll (Marshall Is Intl), Mar-
shall Is
LGK Langkawi I. (Langkawi Intl), Malaysia
MAQ Tak (Mae Sot Aero), Thailand
LGP Legazpi, Philippines
MAS Momote, PNG
LHG Lightning Ridge, Australia
MAU Maupiti, French Pacific O.T.
LIH Lihue, USA
MBB Marble Bar, Australia
LIW Loikaw, Myanmar
MBE Monbetsu, Japan
LLG Chillagoe, Australia
MBH Maryborough, Australia
LMN Limbang, Malaysia
MBO Mamburao, Philippines
LNO Leonora, Australia
MBT Masbate (Masbate Principal), Philip-
LNV Lihir, Papa New Guinea (Kunaye),
pines
PNG
MBW Melbourne (Moorabbin), Australia
LNY Lanai City (Lanai), USA
MCY Sunshine Coast, Australia
LOA Lorraine, Australia
MDC Manado (Ratulangi), Indonesia
LOE Loei, Thailand
LOP Praya (Lombok Intl), Indonesia MDL Mandalay (Mandalay Intl), Myanmar
LPQ Luang Phabang (Luang Phabang MDU Mendi, PNG

Intl), Laos MEB Melbourne (Essendon), Australia
LPT Lampang, Thailand MEL Melbourne (Melbourne Intl), Australia
LRE Longreach, Australia MES Medan (Polonia), Indonesia
LSH Lashio, Myanmar MFK Matsu (Beigan), Taiwan
LST Launceston, Australia MFN Milford Sound, New Zealand
LSY Lismore, Australia MGB Mount Gambier, Australia
LUC Laucala, Fiji Is MGK Mong Tong, Myanmar
LUP Kalaupapa, USA MGT Milingimbi, Australia
LVO Laverton, Australia MGU Manaung, Myanmar
LWH Lawn Hill, Australia MGV Margaret River Station, Australia
LWY Lawas, Malaysia MGZ Myeik, Myanmar
LXG Luang Namtha, Laos MHO Mount House, Australia
MHU Mt Hotham, Australia
M
MHY Morehead, PNG
MAG Madang, PNG
MIM Merimbula, Australia
MIN Minnipa, Australia
PACIFIC
MIS Bwagaoia (Misima), PNG MOV Moranbah, Australia

MJK Shark Bay, Australia MPH Malay (Caticlan), Philippines
MJP Manjimup, Australia MPK Mokpo, Korea
MKK Kaunakakai (Molokai), USA MQL Mildura, Australia
MKM Mukah, Malaysia MRG Mareeba, Australia
MKN Malekolon, PNG MRO Masterton, New Zealand
MKQ Merauke (Mopah), Indonesia MRP Marla, Australia
MKR Meekatharra, Australia MRQ Gasan (Marinduque), Philippines
MKW Manokwari (Rendani), Indonesia MRZ Moree, Australia
MKY Mackay, Australia MSJ Misawa (Misawa AB), Japan
MKZ Malacca, Malaysia MTA Matamata, New Zealand
MLG Malang (Abdulrachman Saleh), Indo- MTL Maitland, Australia
nesia MTQ Mitchell, Australia
MLP Malabang, Philippines MUA Munda, Solomon Is
MLQ Malalaua, PNG MUE Kamuela (Waimea-Kohala), USA
MLR Millicent, Australia MUR Marudi, Malaysia
MMB Memanbetsu, Japan MWB Morawa, Australia
MMD Minamidaito, Japan MWK Tarempa (Matak), Indonesia
MMG Mount Magnet, Australia MWQ Magway, Myanmar
MMJ Matsumoto, Japan MWX Muan (Muan Intl), Korea
MMM Middlemount, Australia MXI Mati (Mati Natl), Philippines
MMY Miyakojima (Miyako), Japan MXU Mullewa, Australia
MNG Maningrida, Australia MYA Moruya, Australia
MNL Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philip- MYE Miyakejima (Miyake), Japan
pines
MYT Myitkyina, Myanmar
MNQ Monto, Australia
MYX Menyamya, PNG
MNU Mawlamyine, Myanmar
MYY Miri, Malaysia
MOE Momeik, Myanmar
MZG Magong, Taiwan
MOF Maumere (Seda), Indonesia
MOG Mong-Hsat, Myanmar N
MON Mount Cook, New Zealand NAA Narrabri, Australia
MOO Moomba, Australia
PACIFIC
NAC Naracoorte, Australia NYN Nyngan, Australia

NAK Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand NYU Bagan (Nyaung U), Myanmar
NAN Nadi (Nadi Intl), Fiji Is
O
NAW Narathiwat, Thailand
OAG Orange, Australia
NBX Nabire, Indonesia
OAM Oamaru, New Zealand
NEU Sam Neua, Laos
OBO Obihiro, Japan
NFO Niuafo'ou, Tonga
ODD Oodnadatta, Australia
NGA Young, Australia
ODY Oudomsay, Laos
NHV Nuku-Hiva, French Pacific O.T.
OGG Kahului, USA
NJA Atsugi, Japan
OHA Ohakea (Ohakea (Military)), New
NKM Nagoya, Japan
Zealand
NLK Norfolk I (Norfolk Island), Australia
OIM Oshima, Japan
NLL Nullagine, Australia
OIR Okushiri, Japan
NMR Nappa Merrie, Australia
OIT Oita, Japan
NNT Nan, Thailand
OKA Naha, Japan
NOA Nowra (Nowra Military), Australia
OKD Sapporo, Japan
NOM Nomad River, PNG
OKI Oki, Japan
NPE Napier, New Zealand
OKJ Okayama, Japan
NPL New Plymouth, New Zealand
OKO Tokyo (Yokota AB), Japan
NRA Narrandera, Australia
OKR Yorke Island, Australia
NRT Tokyo (Narita Intl), Japan
OKY Oakey (Oakey (Military)), Australia
NSM Norseman, Australia
OLP Olympic Dam, Australia
NSN Nelson, New Zealand
OMC Ormoc, Philippines
NSO Scone, Australia
ONG Mornington I (Mornington I.), Austral-
NST Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand ia
NTL Williamtown (Williamtown Military), ONJ Odate-Noshiro, Japan
Australia
ONR Monkira, Australia
NTN Normanton, Australia
ONS Onslow, Australia
NTQ Noto, Japan
OOL Gold Coast, Australia
NUB Numbulwar, Australia
OOM Cooma-Snowy Mountains, Australia
OPB Open Bay, PNG
PACIFIC
OPI Oenpelli, Australia PLM Palembang (Sultan M Badaruddin II),

Indonesia
OPU Balimo, PNG
PLO Port Lincoln, Australia
OSN Osan (Osan AB), Korea
PLW Palu (Mutiara), Indonesia
OUI Ban Houeisay, Laos
PMR Palmerston North, New Zealand
OXY Morney, Australia
PNH Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh Intl),
OZC Ozamis, Philippines
Cambodia
P PNK Pontianak (Supadio), Indonesia
PAA Hpa-An, Myanmar PNP Girua, PNG
PAG Pagadian, Philippines POM Port Moresby (Jacksons), PNG
PAN Pattani, Thailand PPG Pago Pago (Pago Pago Intl), Amer
Samoa
PBO Paraburdoo, Australia
PPI Port Pirie, Australia
PBU Putao, Myanmar
PPP Proserpine (Whitsunday Coast),
PDG Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau Australia
Intl), Indonesia
PPQ Paraparaumu, New Zealand
PEN Penang I (Penang Intl), Malaysia
PPS Puerto Princesa (Puerto Princesa
PER Perth (Perth Intl), Australia Intl), Philippines
PGK Pangkal Pinang (Depati Amir), Indo- PPU Hpa-pun (Hpapun), Myanmar
nesia
PQC Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl), Vietnam
PHE Port Hedland (Port Hedland Intl),
Australia PQQ Port Macquarie, Australia
PHS Phitsanulok, Thailand PRH Phrae, Thailand
PHY Phetchabun, Thailand PRU Pyay, Myanmar
PKE Parkes, Australia PTJ Portland, Australia
PKK Pakhokku, Myanmar PUG Port Augusta, Australia
PKN Pangkalanbun (Iskandar), Indonesia PUS Busan (Gimhae Intl), Korea
PKT Port Keats, Australia PXU GiaLai (Pleiku), Vietnam
PKU Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II),

Q
Indonesia
QGU Gifu, Japan
PKY Palangka Raya (Tjilik Riwut), Indone-
sia QPG Singapore (Paya Lebar), Singapore
PKZ Champasack (Pakse Intl), Laos QRM Narromine, Australia
QRR Warren, Australia
PACIFIC
QUN Chunchon (A-306), Korea RTS Rottnest I, Australia

QUT Utsunomiya, Japan RUR Rurutu Austral Is (Rurutu), French
Pacific O.T.
R RVT Ravensthorpe, Australia
RAB Rabaul (Tokua), PNG RXS Roxas, Philippines
RAG Raglan, New Zealand
S
RAM Ramingining, Australia
RAR Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl), Cook Is SBG Sabang (Maimum Saleh), Indonesia
SBW Sibu, Malaysia
RBC Robinvale, Australia
SDI Saidor, PNG
RBS Orbost, Australia
SDJ Sendai, Japan
RCM Richmond, Australia
SDK Sandakan, Malaysia
REP Siem Reap, Cambodia
SDS Sado, Japan
RGI Rangiroa, French Pacific O.T.
SFE San Fernando (San Fernando Com-
RGN Yangon (Yangon Intl), Myanmar
munity), Philippines
RGT Rengat (Japura), Indonesia
SFS Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl), Philip-
RIS Rishiri, Japan pines
RMA Roma, Australia SFU Safia, PNG
RMK Renmark, Australia SGL Manila (Sangley AB), Philippines
RMQ Taichung (Cingcyuangang), Taiwan SGN Hochiminh (Tansonnhat), Vietnam
RNJ Yoron, Japan SGO St George, Australia
ROH Robinhood, Australia SGS Bongao (Sanga Sanga Principal),
ROI Roi Et, Thailand Philippines
ROK Rockhampton, Australia SGZ Songkhla, Thailand
ROR Babelthuap I (Babelthuap/Koror), SHB Nakashibetsu, Japan
Palau SHI Shimojishima, Japan
ROT Rotorua, New Zealand SHM Nanki-Shirahama, Japan
RPM Ngukurr, Australia SHT Shepparton, Australia
RRE Marree, Australia SIN Singapore (Changi), Singapore
RSB Roseberth, Australia SIO Smithton, Australia
RSU Yeosu, Korea SIQ Singkep (Dabo), Indonesia
RTA Rotuma, Fiji Is SJI San Jose, Philippines
RTP Rutland Plains, Australia SNB Snake Bay, Australia
PACIFIC
SNH Stanthorpe, Australia TBB PhuYen (TuyHoa), Vietnam

SNO Sakon Nakhon, Thailand TBG Tabubil, PNG
SNW Thandwe, Myanmar TBH Tablas Island (Romblon), Philippines
SOC Solo (Adi Soemarmo), Indonesia TBK Timber Creek, Australia
SON Santo (Santo/Pekoa), Vanuatu TBU Nuku'Alofa (Fua'Amotu Intl), Tonga
SOQ Sorong (Domine Eduard Osok), In- TCA Tennant Creek, Australia
donesia TCW Tocumwal, Australia
SQC Southern Cross, Australia
TDG Tandag, Philippines
SRG Semarang (Ahmad Yani), Indonesia
TDR Theodore, Australia
SRI Samarinda (Temindung), Indonesia
TEF Telfer, Australia
SRN Strahan, Australia
TEM Temora, Australia
SSN Seoul (Seoul / Domestic), Korea
TFM Telefomin, PNG
SUB Surabaya (Juanda), Indonesia
TGA Singapore (Tengah), Singapore
SUG Surigao, Philippines
TGG Kuala Terengganu (Sultan Mahmud),
SUV Nausori (Nausori Intl), Fiji Is Malaysia
SWC Stawell, Australia THG Thangool, Australia
SWH Swan Hill, Australia THK Thakhek, Laos
SWU Suwon, Korea THL Tachileik, Myanmar
SXE East Sale (East Sale (Military)), Aus- THS Sukhothai, Thailand
tralia TIM Timika (Moses Kilangin), Indonesia
SYD Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl), Aus- TIU Timaru, New Zealand
tralia
TIZ Tari, PNG
SYO Shonai, Japan
TJH Tajima, Japan
SZB Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz
Shah-Subang), Malaysia TJQ Tanjung Pandan (H.A.S. Hanand-
joeddin), Indonesia
T TKG Bandar Lampung (Radin Inten II
Apt), Indonesia
TAC Tacloban (Daniel Z Romualdez),
Philippines TKH Nakhon Sawan (Takhli), Thailand
TAE Daegu (Daegu Intl), Korea TKK Weno I (Chuuk Intl), Micronesia
TAG Tagbilaran, Philippines TKS Tokushima, Japan
TAH Tanna (White Grass), Vanuatu TKT Tak, Thailand
TAK Takamatsu, Japan TMW Tamworth, Australia
PACIFIC
TMZ Thames, New Zealand U

TNE Tanegashima, Japan UAH Marquesas Is (Ua-Huka), French Pa-
TNJ Tanjung Pinang (Raja Haji Fisabilil- cific O.T.
lah), Indonesia UAM Guam I (Andersen AFB), Guam
TNN Tainan (Tainan Aero), Taiwan UAP Ua Pou, French Pacific O.T.
TOD Pulau Tioman, Malaysia UBJ Ube (Yamaguchi-Ube), Japan
TOY Toyama, Japan UBP Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
TPE Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl), Taiwan UIH Binhdinh (Phucat), Vietnam
TPG Taiping, Malaysia UIR Quirindi, Australia
TPI Tapini, PNG UIT Jabor Jaluit Atoll (Jaluit), Marshall Is
TRA Tarama, Japan UKB Kobe, Japan
TRG Tauranga, New Zealand ULI Ulithi I (Ulithi), Micronesia
TRK Tarakan (Juwata), Indonesia ULP Quilpie, Australia
TRO Taree, Australia UMR Woomera, Australia
TRW Tarawa I (Bonriki Intl), Kiribati UNG Kiunga, PNG
TSA Taipei (Songshan), Taiwan UNN Ranong, Thailand
TSJ Tsushima, Japan UPG Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin), In-
TST Trang, Thailand donesia
TSV Townsville (Townsville Intl), Australia UPP Hawi (Upolu), USA
TTJ Tottori, Japan URT Surat Thani, Thailand
TTT Taitung (Fongnian), Taiwan USM Surat Thani (Samui), Thailand
TUB Mataura (Tubuai), French Pacific USN Ulsan, Korea

O.T. USU Busuanga (Francisco B. Reyes),
TUG Tuguegarao, Philippines Philippines
TUM Tumut, Australia UTB Muttaburra, Australia
TUO Taupo, New Zealand UTH Udon Thani, Thailand
TVY Dawei, Myanmar UTP Rayong (U-Tapao Pattaya Intl), Thai-

land
TWB Toowoomba, Australia
TWU Tawau, Malaysia V
TYB Tibooburra, Australia VAI Vanimo, PNG
VAV Vava'u, Tonga
VCA Can Tho (Can Tho Intl), Vietnam
PACIFIC
VCD Victoria River Downs, Australia WKN Wakunai, PNG

VCL QuangNam (ChuLai), Vietnam WLG Wellington (Wellington Intl), New
Zealand
VCS BaRiaVungTau (ConSon), Vietnam
WMB Warrnambool, Australia
VDH Quangbinh (Donghoi), Vietnam
WME Mt. Keith, Australia
VII Vinh, Vietnam
WMX Wamena, Indonesia
VKG RachGia, Vietnam
WNP Pili (Naga), Philippines
VLI Port Vila (Bauerfield), Vanuatu
WNR Windorah, Australia
VNA Saravane, Laos
WOL Wollongong, Australia
VRC Virac, Philippines
WPK Wrotham Park, Australia
VTE Vientiane (Wattay Intl), Laos
WRE Whangarei, New Zealand
W WSZ Westport, New Zealand
WAG Wanganui, New Zealand WTP Woitape, PNG
WAV Wave Hill, Australia WUD Wudinna, Australia
WAZ Warwick, Australia WUN Wiluna, Australia
WBM Wapenamanda, PNG WWK Wewak (Boram), PNG
WDI Wondai, Australia WWY West Wyalong, Australia
WEI Weipa, Australia WYA Whyalla, Australia
WGA Wagga Wagga, Australia WYN Wyndham, Australia
WGE Walgett, Australia
X
WGP Waingapu (Umbu Mehang Kunda),
Indonesia XCH Christmas I, Australia
WGT Wangaratta, Australia XKH Xieng Khouang, Laos
WHK Whakatane, New Zealand XMC Mallacoota, Australia
WIN Winton, Australia XMY Yam Island, Australia
WIO Wilcannia, Australia XRH Richmond (Richmond (Military)),
Australia
WIR Wairoa, New Zealand
XSO Siocon (Siocon National), Philippines
WIU Witu, PNG
XSP Singapore (Seletar), Singapore
WJU Wonju, Korea
XTG Thargomindah, Australia
WKA Wanaka, New Zealand
XTO Taroom, Australia
WKB Warracknabeal, Australia
WKJ Wakkanai, Japan XTR Tara, Australia
PACIFIC
XYA Yandina (Yandina/Russell Islands), ZBO Bowen, Australia

Solomon Is ZBY Sayabouly, Laos
XYE Ye, Myanmar ZGL South Galway, Australia
ZNE Newman, Australia
Y
ZQN Queenstown, New Zealand
YEC Yecheon (Yecheon Aero), Korea
ZVK Savannakhet (Savannakhet Intl),
YGJ Yonago (Miho), Japan
Laos
YNY Yangyang (Yangyang Intl), Korea
YUE Yuendumu, Australia
Z
ZAM Zamboanga (Zamboanga Intl), Phil-
ippines
PACIFIC
JEPPESEN NAVDATA (ICAO) LOCATION IDENTIFIERS DECODE
AG FIR/UIR AN Nauru AYKY Lihir, Papa New

Guinea (Kunaye)
AGGG Honiara FIR ANYN Nauru I, Nauru
(Nauru Intl) AYMC Menyamya
AG Solomon Is AYMD Madang
AY FIR/UIR
AGAT Atoifi AYMH Mount Hagen
AGGA Auki AYPM Port Moresby FIR
AYMN Mendi
AGGB Bellona AYMO Momote
AY Papua New Guinea
AGGE Ballalae AYMR Moro
AYAO Aiome
AGGH Honiara (Honiara AYMS Bwagaoia (Misima)
AYBK Buka
Intl /Henderson
AYBM Balimo AYNZ Lae (Nadzab)
Field)
AYBU Bulolo AYPY Port Moresby (Jack-
AGGI Babanakira
sons)
AGGJ Avu Avu AYCH Chimbu
AYRI Karimui
AGGK Kirakira AYDU Daru
AYSE Simberi
AGGL Santa Cruz (Santa AYFI Finschhafen
AYTA Tari
Cruz/Graciosa Bay/ AYGA Goroka
Luovo) AYTB Tabubil
AYGB Gobe
AGGM Munda AYTE Telefomin
AYGI Garaina
AGGO Mono (Mono/Stirling AYTI Tapini
Island) AYGN Alotau, Png (Gur-
ney) AYTJ Tadji
AGGP Parasi AYTK Rabaul (Tokua)
AYGP Gusap
AGGR Rennell (Rennell/ AYVN Vanimo
Tingoa) AYGR Girua
AYGV Green River AYWD Wapenamanda
AGGS Seghe
AYHK Hoskins AYWG Wanigela
AGGT Santa Anna
AYKA Kiriwina AYWK Wewak (Boram)
AGGU Marau (Marau/
Paruru) AYKC Kandrian AYWT Woitape
AGGY Yandina (Yandina/ AYKI Kiunga
Russell Islands) KZ FIR/UIR
AYKK Kikori
AGIN Isuna KZAK Oakland Oceanic
AYKM Kerema FIR
AGRC Ringicove
AYKO Kokoda
NC Cook Is
AN FIR/UIR AYKV Kavieng
NCAT Atiu, Cook Is (Enua)
ANAU Nauru FIR AYKW Kawito
PACIFIC
NCMG Mangaia/Auau, NG Tuvalu NV Vanuatu

Cook Is (Mangaia)
NGFU Funafuti (Funafuti NVSE Emae (Sangafa)
NCMR Nitiaro/Nukuroa, Intl) NVSS Santo (Santo/
Cook Is (Mitiaro)
Pekoa)
NCRG Rarotonga I (Raro- NI Niue
NVVV Port Vila (Bauer-
tonga Intl) NIUE Niue Island (Niue field)
Intl)
NF FIR/UIR NVVW Tanna (White
Grass)
NFFF Nadi FIR FIR NS American Samoa
NSTU Pago Pago (Pago NY Myanmar
NF Fiji Is Pago Intl)
NYAN Myanmar (Nyan-
NFCI Cicia doon)
NS Samoa
NFFN Nadi (Nadi Intl)
NSFA Apia (Faleolo Intl) NZ FIR/UIR
NFKD Kadavu, Fiji Is (Na-
malata) NSFI Fagali NZZC New Zealand FIR
NFNA Nausori (Nausori NZZO Auckland Oceanic
Intl) NT FIR/UIR FIR
NFNH Laucala NTTT Tahiti Oceanic FIR
NZ New Zealand
NFNM Matei
NT French Pacific NZAA Auckland (Auckland
NFNR Rotuma Overseas Terr. Intl)
NTAR Rurutu Austral Is NZAG Matarangi
NF Tonga (Rurutu)
NFTF Nuku'Alofa NZAP Taupo
NTAT Mataura (Tubuai)
(Fua'Amotu Intl) NZAR Auckland (Ardmore)
NTGR Aratika (Aratika-
NFTL Ha'Apai-Lifuka Is- Perles) NZAS Ashburton
land (Ha'Apai-Lifu-
NTMD Nuku-Hiva NZBA Balclutha
ka)
NTMN Hiva Oa I (Atuona) NZCH Christchurch (Christ-
NFTO Niuafo'ou
church Intl)
NFTV Vava'u NTMP Ua Pou
NZCI Chatham Is (Chat-
NTMU Marquesas Is (Ua- ham Is/Tuuta)
NG Kiribati Huka)
NZCW Cromwell
NGTA Tarawa I (Bonriki NTTG Rangiroa
Intl) NZCX Coromandel
NTTP Maupiti
NGTU Butaritari NZDA Dargaville
NZDN Dunedin
NZDV Dannevirke
PACIFIC
NZFI Feilding NZKT Kaitaia NZQN Queenstown

NZFP Foxpine NZLE Lake Station/Nelson NZRA Raglan
Lakes
NZGB Great Barrier NZRI Rangitata I
NZLX Alexandra
NZGC Gore NZRO Rotorua
NZMA Matamata
NZGM Greymouth NZRT Rangiora
NZMB Mechanics Bay
NZGS Gisborne NZRU Waiouru
NZMC Mount Cook
NZGT Glentanner NZSD Stratford
NZME Mercer
NZGY Glenorchy NZSL Springhill
NZMF Milford Sound
NZHA Hawera NZTG Tauranga
NZMG Mangonui
NZHK Hokitika NZTH Thames
NZMK Motueka
NZHN Hamilton NZTI Taieri
NZMO Manapouri (Te
NZHR Hanmer Springs NZTK Takaka
Anau/Manapouri)
NZHS Hastings NZTM Taumarunui
NZMR Murchison
NZJE Dargaville (Darga- NZTN Turangi
ville Hospital) NZMS Masterton
NZTO Tokoroa
NZNE North Shore
NZJI Kawakawa (Bay Of NZTQ Te Kuiti (Te Kuiti
Islands Hospital) NZNP New Plymouth Hospital)
NZJK Kaitaia (Kaitaia Hos- NZNR Napier NZTT Te Kuiti
pital) NZNS Nelson NZTU Timaru
NZJQ New Plymouth (Tar- NZNV Invercargill
anaki Base Hospi- NZUA Maui A
tal) NZOA Omarama NZUB Maui B
NZJT Taumarunui (Tau- NZOH Ohakea (Ohakea NZUK Pukaki
marunui Hospital) (Military))
NZUN Pauanui Beach
NZJW Rawene (Rawene NZOM Blenheim (Omaka)
Hospital) NZWB Blenheim (Wood-
NZOP Opotiki bourne (Military))
NZJX Tokoroa (Tokoroa NZOU Oamaru
Hospital) NZWF Wanaka
NZOX Okiwi (Okiwi Sta-
NZKF Kaipara Flats NZWJ Wellsford
tion)
NZKI Kaikoura NZWK Whakatane
NZPA Paihia
NZKK Kerikeri NZWL West Melton
NZPI Parakai
NZKM Karamea NZWM Waimate
NZPM Palmerston North
NZKO Kaikohe NZWN Wellington (Welling-
NZPP Paraparaumu ton Intl)
PACIFIC
NZWO Wairoa PHJR Kapolei (Kalaeloa PT Micronesia

(John Rodgers
NZWP Auckland (Whenua- PTKK Weno I (Chuuk Intl)
Field))
pai (Military))
PTSA Kosrae I (Kosrae)
PHKO Kailua-Kona (Kona
NZWR Whangarei
Intl At Keahole)
NZWS Westport PT Palau
PHLI Lihue
NZWT Whitianga PTRO Babelthuap I (Ba-
PHLU Kalaupapa belthuap/Koror)
NZWU Wanganui
PHMK Kaunakakai (Molo-
NZWV Waihi Beach kai) RC FIR/UIR
NZXX Queenstown PHMU Kamuela (Waimea- RCAA Taipei FIR
NZYP Waipukurau Kohala)
PHNG Mokapu (Kaneohe RC Taiwan
PC Kiribati Bay MCAS) RCAY Gangshan
PCIS Canton I (Canton PHNL Honolulu (Honolulu RCBS Kinmen
Afld) Intl)
RCDI Longtan
PHNY Lanai City (Lanai)
PG Guam RCFG Matsu (Nangan)
PHOG Kahului
PGUA Guam I (Andersen RCFN Taitung (Fongnian)
PHSF Pohakuloa (Brad-
AFB) RCGI Ludao
shaw AAF)
PGUM Agana (Guam Intl) RCGM Taoyuan
PHTO Hilo (Hilo Intl)
PHUP Hawi (Upolu) RCKH Kaohsiung (Kaoh-
PH FIR/UIR
siung Intl)
PHZH Honolulu Cerap FIR
PK Marshall Is RCKU Chiayi (Chiayi Aero)
PH United States PKMA Enewetak Atoll RCKW Hengchun

(Enewetak Aux AF) RCLY Lanyu
PHBK Kekaha (Barking
Sands Pacific Mis- PKMJ Majuro Atoll (Mar- RCMQ Taichung (Cing-
sile Range) shall Is Intl) cyuangang)
PHDH Oahu (Dillingham) PKRO Roi-Namur (Dyess RCMT Matsu (Beigan)
AAF)
PHHI Wahiawa (Wheeler RCNN Tainan (Tainan
AAF) PKWA Kwajalein Atoll (Bu- Aero)
cholz AAF)
PHHN Hana RCPO Hsinchu (Hsinchu
PHIK Honolulu (Hickam Aero)
PL Kiribati
AFB) RCQC Magong
PLPA Palmyra Is (Pal-
PHJH Lahaina (Kapalua) myra) RCQS Taitung (Jhihhang)
RCSS Taipei (Songshan)
PACIFIC
RCTP Taipei (Taiwan RJCT Tokachi RJNH Hamamatsu

Taoyuan Intl) RJCW Wakkanai RJNK Komatsu
RCWA Wang-an RJDA Amakusa RJNO Oki
RCWK Hsinshiie (Hsinshie) RJDB Ikishima (Iki) RJNS Shizuoka
RCXY Kueijen RJDC Ube (Yamaguchi- RJNT Toyama
RCYU Hualien Ube) RJNW Noto
RJDM Metabaru
RJNY Yaizu (Shizuhama)
RJ FIR/UIR
RJDO Ojika
RJOA Hiroshima
RJJJ Fukuoka FIR
RJDT Tsushima
RJOB Okayama
RJ Japan RJDU Omura
RJOC Izumo
RJAA Tokyo (Narita Intl) RJEB Monbetsu
RJOE Akeno
RJAF Matsumoto RJEC Asahikawa
RJOF Hofu
RJAH Hyakuri RJEO Okushiri
RJOH Yonago (Miho)
RJAK Kasumigaura RJER Rishiri
RJOI Iwakuni (Iwakuni
RJAN Niijima RJFA Ashiya MCAS)
RJAW Iwoto RJFE Fukue RJOK Kochi
RJAZ Kozushima RJFF Fukuoka RJOO Osaka (Osaka Intl)
RJBD Nanki-Shirahama RJFG Tanegashima RJOR Tottori
RJBE Kobe RJFK Kagoshima RJOS Tokushima
RJBK Okayama (Kohnan) RJFM Miyazaki RJOT Takamatsu
RJBT Tajima RJFN Nyutabaru RJOW Iwami
RJCA Asahikawa RJFO Oita RJOY Yao
RJCB Obihiro RJFR Kitakyushu RJOZ Shimonoseki (Ozu-

RJFS Saga ki)
RJCC Sapporo (New Chi-
tose) RJFT Kumamoto RJSA Aomori
RJCH Hakodate RJFY Kanoya RJSC Yamagata
RJCJ Sapporo (Chitose) RJFZ Nakatsu (Tsuiki) RJSD Sado
RJCK Kushiro RJKA Amami RJSF Fukushima
RJCM Memanbetsu RJNA Nagoya RJSH Hachinohe
RJCN Nakashibetsu RJNF Fukui RJSI Hanamaki
RJCO Sapporo RJNG Gifu RJSK Akita

PACIFIC
RJSM Misawa (Misawa RKJJ Gwangju RKTI Choongwon (Jung-

AB) won AB)
RKJK Gunsan (Gunsan
RJSN Niigata AB) RKTL Uljin
RJSO Ominato RKJM Mokpo RKTN Daegu (Daegu Intl)
RJSR Odate-Noshiro RKJU Jhunju RKTP Seosan (Seosan
AB)
RJSS Sendai RKJY Yeosu
RKTU Cheongju (Cheong-
RJST Matsushima RKNC Chunchon (A-306)
ju Intl)
RJSU Sendai (Kasumi- RKNN Gangneung
RKTY Yecheon (Yecheon
nome) RKNW Wonju Aero)
RJSY Shonai RKNY Yangyang (Yan-
RJTA Atsugi gyang Intl) RO Japan
RJTC Tachikawa RKPC Jeju (Jeju Intl) ROAH Naha
RJTE Tateyama RKPD Jeju (Jeongseok) RODE Ie Shima I. (Ie Shi-
RJTF Chofu RKPE Chinhae (R-813) ma Aux AB)
RJTH Hachijojima RKPK Busan (Gimhae Intl) RODN Okinawa I (Kadena

AB)
RJTI Tokyo (Tokyo Heli- RKPP Busan (Busan Aero)
port) ROIG Ishigaki I (Ishigaki)
RKPS Sacheon
RJTJ Iruma ROMD Minamidaito
RKPU Ulsan
RJTK Kisarazu ROMY Miyakojima (Miyako)
RKRO Pochun (R-217
RJTL Matsudo (Shimofu- Aero) RORA Aguni
sa) RORE Iejima
RKSD Kanam-Ni (R-222)
RJTO Oshima RORH Hateruma
RKSG Camp Humphreys
RJTQ Miyakejima (Miyake) (A-511 (Desiderio RORK Kitadaito I (Kitadai-
RJTR Camp Zama (Kast- AAF)) to)
ner AHP) RKSK Susaek (Susaek RORS Shimojishima
RJTU Utsunomiya Aero)
RORT Tarama
RJTY Tokyo (Yokota AB) RKSM Seoul (Seoul / Do-
RORY Yoron
mestic)
ROTM Okinawa I (Futenma
RK FIR/UIR RKSO Osan (Osan AB)
MCAS)
RKRR Incheon FIR RKSS Seoul (Gimpo Intl)
RKSW Suwon RP FIR/UIR
RK Korea RKTH Pohang RPHI Manila FIR
RKJB Muan (Muan Intl)
PACIFIC
RP Philippines RPMH Mambajao (Cami- RPUH San Jose

guin)
RPLB Subic Bay (Subic RPUI Iba
Bay Intl) RPMI Iligan City (Iligan) RPUK Calapan (Calapan
RPLC Angeles City (Dio- RPMJ Jolo Natl)
sdado Macapagal RPML Cagayan De Oro RPUL Lipa (Fernando AB)
Intl)
RPMM Malabang RPUM Mamburao
RPLG Mansalay (Wasig)
RPMN Bongao (Sanga RPUN Pili (Naga)
RPLI Laoag (Laoag Intl) Sanga Principal)
RPUO Basco
RPLJ Jomalig (Jomalig RPMO Ozamis
Community) RPUQ Vigan
RPMP Pagadian
RPLL Manila (Ninoy Aqui- RPUR Baler
no Intl) RPMQ Mati (Mati Natl)
RPUS San Fernando (San
RPLN Palanan RPMR General Santos City Fernando Communi-
(Tambler Natl) ty)
RPLO Cuyo
RPMS Surigao RPUT Tuguegarao
RPLP Legazpi
RPMU Cagayan de Sulu RPUV Virac
RPLR Rosales (Rosales
Natl) RPMV Ipil RPUW Gasan (Marindu-
RPMW Tandag que)
RPLS Manila (Sangley AB)
RPUX Plaridel
RPLT Itbayat (Itbayat RPMX Liloy
Community) RPUY Cauayan (Cauayan
RPMY Malaybalay
Community)
RPLU Lubang (Lubang RPMZ Zamboanga (Zam-
Community) boanga Intl) RPUZ Bagabag (Bagabag
Community)
RPLV Fort Magsaysay Apt RPNO Siocon (Siocon Na-
(Fort Magsaysay) tional) RPVA Tacloban (Daniel Z
Romualdez)
RPLZ Bacon (Bacon Natl) RPNS Del Carmen (Siar-
gao Natl) RPVB Silay (Bacolod)
RPMA Surallah (Allah Val-
ley) RPVC Calbayog
RPSM Maasin
RPMB Gen Santos (Buay- RPVD Dumaguete
RPSN Ubay
an) RPVE Malay (Caticlan)
RPUB Baguio
RPMC Cotabato RPVF Catarman
RPUE Lucena
RPMD Davao (Bangoy Intl) RPVG Guiuan
RPUF Floridablanca (Basa
RPME Butuan AB) RPVH Hilongos
RPMF Bislig RPUG Lingayen (Lingayen RPVI Iloilo
Natl)
PACIFIC
RPVJ Masbate (Masbate VDSR Siem Reap VT Thailand

Principal)
VDST Stung Treng VTBD Bangkok (Don
RPVK Kalibo Mueang Intl)
VDSV Sihanouk (Sihanouk
RPVM Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Intl) VTBH Lop Buri (SA Pran
Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Nak Aero)
Intl) VE FIR/UIR VTBI Prachin Buri
RPVO Ormoc VECF Kolkata FIR VTBK Nakhon Pathom
RPVP Puerto Princesa VEGF Guwahati FIR (Kamphaeng Saen)
(Puerto Princesa
VHHK Hong Kong FIR VTBL Lop Buri (Khok Ka-
Intl)
thiam)
RPVQ Naval (Biliran Natl) VLVT Vientiane FIR
VTBO Trat
RPVR Roxas
VL Laos VTBP Prachuap Khiri
RPVS San Jose De Buena Khan
VLAP Attopeu
Vista (Antique)
VTBS Bangkok (Suvarnab-
VLHS Ban Houeisay
RPVT Tagbilaran humi Intl)
VLLB Luang Phabang
RPVU Tablas Island (Rom- VTBT Chon Buri (Bang
(Luang Phabang
blon) Phra)
Intl)
RPVV Busuanga (Francis- VTBU Rayong (U-Tapao
VLLN Luang Namtha
co B. Reyes) Pattaya Intl)
VLOS Oudomsay
RPVW Borongan (Boron- VTBW Watthana Nakhon
gan Natl) VLPS Champasack
VTCC Chiang Mai (Chiang
(Pakse Intl)
RPVY Catbalogan Mai Intl)
VLSB Sayabouly
RPVZ Siquijor VTCH Mae Hong Son
VLSK Savannakhet (Sav-
VTCI Maehongson (Pai)
VD FIR/UIR annakhet Intl)
VTCL Lampang
VDPP Phnom Penh FIR VLSN Sam Neua
VTCN Nan
VLSV Saravane
VD Cambodia VTCP Phrae
VLTK Thakhek
VDBG Battambang VTCT Chiang Rai (Chiang
VLVT Vientiane (Wattay
Rai Intl)
VDKK Koh Kong Intl)
VTPB Phetchabun
VDKT Kratie VLXK Xieng Khouang
VTPI Nakhon Sawan
VDMK Mondulkiri (Takhli)
VT FIR/UIR
VDPP Phnom Penh VTPM Tak (Mae Sot Aero)
(Phnom Penh Intl) VTBB Bangkok FIR
VTPN Nakhon Sawan
VDRK Ratanakiri
PACIFIC
VTPO Sukhothai VTUV Roi Et VVTH PhuYen (TuyHoa)

VTPP Phitsanulok VTUW Nakhon Phanom VVTS Hochiminh (Tan-
sonnhat)
VTPR Ratchaburi (Pho-
tharam) VV FIR/UIR VVVH Vinh
VTPT Tak VVTS Hochiminh FIR
VY FIR/UIR
VTPY Tak (Khuan Phumi- VVVV Hanoi FIR
phon) VYYF Yangon FIR
VTSB Surat Thani VV Vietnam
VY Myanmar
VTSC Narathiwat VVBM DacLac (BuonMa-
Thuot) VYAN Ann
VTSE Chumphon
VVCA QuangNam (Chu- VYAS Anisakan
VTSF Nakhon Si Tham- Lai)
marat VYBG Bagan (Nyaung U)
VVCI HaiPhong (CatBi) VYBM Banmaw
VTSG Krabi
VVCM CaMau VYBP Bokpyinn
VTSH Songkhla
VVCR Khanh Hoa (Cam VYCI Coco I
VTSK Pattani Ranh Intl)
VTSM Surat Thani (Samui) VYDW Dawei
VVCS BaRiaVungTau
VTSN Nakhon Si Tham- (ConSon) VYGW Gwa
marat (Cha-Ian) VVCT Can Tho (Can Tho VYHB Hmawby
VTSP Phuket (Phuket Intl) Intl) VYHH Heho
VTSR Ranong VVDB DienBien VYHL Hommalinn
VTSS Songkhla (Hat Yai VVDH Quangbinh (Dong- VYKG Kengtung
Intl) hoi)
VYKI Kanti
VTST Trang VVDL LamDong (LienK-
huong) VYKL Kalay
VTUD Udon Thani
VVDN Da Nang (Da Nang VYKP Kyaukpyu
VTUI Sakon Nakhon
Intl) VYKT Kawthoung
VTUJ Surin
VVNB Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl) VYKU Kyauktu
VTUK Khon Kaen
VVPB HUE (Phu Bai Intl) VYLK Loikaw
VTUL Loei
VVPC Binhdinh (Phucat) VYLS Lashio
VTUN Nakhon Ratchasima
VVPK GiaLai (Pleiku) VYLY Lanywa
(Khorat)
VVPQ Phu Quoc (Phu VYMD Mandalay (Manda-
VTUO Buri Ram
Quoc Intl) lay Intl)
VTUQ Nakhon Ratchasima
VVRG RachGia VYME Myeik
VTUU Ubon Ratchathani
PACIFIC
VYMK Myitkyina WABB Biak (Frans Kaisie- WAON Warukin

VYML Meiktila po) WAOO Banjarmasin (Syam-
VYMM Mawlamyine WABI Nabire sudin Noor)
VYMN Manaung WABP Timika (Moses Ki- WAOP Palangka Raya (Tji-
langin) lik Riwut)
VYMO Momeik
WADB Bima (Sultan Mu- WAOS Sampit (H. Asan)
VYMS Mong-Hsat hammad Salahud- WAPP Ambon (Pattimura)
VYMT Mong Tong din)
WARA Malang (Abdulrach-
VYMW Magway WADD Bali (Ngurah Rai
man Saleh)
Intl)
VYMY Monywar WARI Madiun (Iswahyudi)
WADL Praya (Lombok Intl)
VYNP Myitkyina (West WARJ Yogyakarta (Adi Su-
Nampong) WADS Sumbawa (Sumba- cipto)
wa Besar)
VYNT Naypyitaw WARQ Solo (Adi Soemar-
WADW Waingapu (Umbu
VYPA Hpa-An mo)
Mehang Kunda)
VYPN Pathein WARR Surabaya (Juanda)
WAJJ Jayapura (Sentani)
VYPP Hpa-pun (Hpapun) WARS Semarang (Ahmad
WAJO Oksibil
Yani)
VYPT Putao WAJW Wamena
WASR Manokwari (Renda-
VYPU Pakhokku WAKK Merauke (Mopah) ni)
VYPY Pyay WALK Tanjung Redeb (Ka- WASS Sorong (Domine
VYST Shante limarau) Eduard Osok)
VYSW Sittwe WALL Balikpapan (Seping- WATC Maumere (Seda)
gan) WATG Ruteng (Frans
VYTD Thandwe
WALR Tarakan (Juwata) Sales Lega)
VYTL Tachileik
WALS Samarinda (Temin- WATO Labuhan Bajo (Ko-
VYTO Taungoo
dung) modo)
VYYE Ye
WAMG Gorontalo (Djalalud- WATT Kupang (El Tari)
VYYY Yangon (Yangon din) WAWJ Mamuju (Tampa Pa-
Intl)
WAML Palu (Mutiara) dang)
WA FIR/UIR WAMM Manado (Ratulangi) WAWW Kendari (Halu Oleo)
WAAF Ujung Pandang FIR WAMP Poso, Indonesia WAXX Banyuwangi (Blim-
(Kasiguncu) bingsari)
WA Indonesia WAMR Morotai (Pitu)
WB FIR/UIR
WAAA Makassar (Sultan WAOI Pangkalanbun (Is-
Hasanuddin) kandar) WBFC Kota Kinabalu FIR
PACIFIC
WB Brunei WICB Tangerang (Budiar- WIPL Bengkulu (Fatma-

to) wati Soekarno)
WBAK Anduki/Seria
WICC Bandung (Husein WIPP Palembang (Sultan
WBSB Bandar Seri Bega-
Sastranegara) M Badaruddin II)
wan (Brunei Intl)
WICD Cirebon (Cakrabhu- WIPR Rengat (Japura)
WB Malaysia wana) WIPT Padang Pariaman
WBGB Bintulu WICT Bandar Lampung (Minangkabau Intl)
(Radin Inten II Apt)
WBGG Kuching (Kuching WIPU Mukomuko
Intl) WIDD Batam (Hang Na- WITN Sabang (Maimum
dim)
WBGJ Limbang Saleh)
WIDN Tanjung Pinang
WBGK Mukah WITT Banda Aceh (Sultan
(Raja Haji Fisabilil- Iskandarmuda)
WBGL Long Akah lah)
WBGM Marudi WIDS Singkep (Dabo) WM FIR/UIR
WBGR Miri WIHH Jakarta (Halim Intl) WMFC Kuala Lumpur FIR
WBGS Sibu WIHL Cilacap (Tunggul
Wulung) WM Malaysia
WBGW Lawas
WIHP Tangerang (Pondok WMAP Kluang
WBGZ Bario
Cabe)
WMBI Taiping
WBKD Lahad Datu
WIII Jakarta (Soekarno-
WMBT Pulau Tioman
WBKG Keningua, Malaysia Hatta Intl)
(Keningua) WMGK Gong Kedak
WIMG Padang (Tabing)
WBKK Kota Kinabalu WMKA Alor Star (Sultan
WIMM Medan (Polonia)
Abdul Halim)
WBKL Labuan I (Labuan)
WIOD Tanjung Pandan
WMKB Butterworth
WBKS Sandakan (H.A.S. Hanand-
joeddin) WMKC Kota Bharu (Sultan
WBKW Tawau
Ismail Petra)
WBMU Mulu WIOK Ketapang (Rahadi
Osman) WMKD Kuantan (Sultan Ah-
mad Shah)
WI FIR/UIR WIOM Tarempa (Matak)
WMKE Kerteh
WIIF Jakarta FIR WION Ranai
WMKI Ipoh (Sultan Azlan
WIOO Pontianak (Supadio)
Shah)
WI Indonesia WIPA Jambi (Sultan Tha-
WMKJ Johor Bahru (Senai
WIBB Pekanbaru (Sultan ha)
Intl)
Syarif Kasim II) WIPK Pangkal Pinang
WIBD Dumai (Pinang (Depati Amir)
Kampai)
PACIFIC
WMKK Kuala Lumpur (Kua- YAGD Augustus Downs YBCG Gold Coast
la Lumpur Intl - Se-
YALA Marla YBCK Blackall
pang)
YAMB Amberley (Amberley YBCM Coominya
WMKL Langkawi I. (Lang-
Military) YBCS Cairns (Cairns Intl)
kawi Intl)
YAMC Aramac YBCV Charleville
WMKM Malacca
YAMK Andamooka YBDG Bendigo
WMKN Kuala Terengganu
(Sultan Mahmud) YAMT Amata YBDV Birdsville
WMKP Penang I (Penang YANG West Angelas YBEB Purnululu National
Intl) YANK Anna Creek Park (Bellburn)
WMPR Pulau Redang YAPH Alpha YBEE Beverley
WMSA Kuala Lumpur (Sul- YARA Ararat YBEO Betoota
tan Abdul Aziz
Shah-Subang) YARG Argyle YBGD Boolgeeda
YARM Armidale YBGO Balgo Hill
WP Indonesia YARS Ardrossan YBGR Bridgewater
WPDB Suai (Saui Apt) YARY Arrabury YBHI Broken Hill
WPDL Dili (Pres Nicolau YATN Atherton YBHM Hamilton I (Hamilton
Lobato Intl) I.)
YAUR Aurukun
WPEC Baucau (Cakung) YBID Binda
YAYE Ayers Rock
YBIE Bedourie
WS FIR/UIR YAYR Ayr
YBIR Birchip
WSJC Singapore FIR
YB FIR/UIR YBKE Bourke
WS Singapore YBBB Brisbane FIR YBKT Burketown
WSAG Singapore (Semba- YBLA Benalla
wang) YB Australia
YBLC Balcanoona
WSAP Singapore (Paya YBAD Baradine
YBLL Bollon
Lebar) YBAF Brisbane (Archer-
field) YBLN Busselton
WSAT Singapore (Tengah)
YBAR Barcaldine YBLP Blue Water Park
WSSL Singapore (Seletar)
YBAS Alice Springs YBLT Ballarat
WSSS Singapore (Changi)
YBAU Badu Island YBLU Bellevue
YA Australia YBBN Brisbane (Brisbane YBMA Mt Isa
YABA Albany Intl) YBMI Boomi
YADG Aldinga YBBT Boort YBMK Mackay
PACIFIC
YBMY Bamyili YBWG Bronzewing YCKI Croker I

YBNA Ballina (Ballina/ YBWN Bowen YCKN Cooktown
Byron Gateway)
YBWP Weipa YCLQ Cape Leveque
YBNS Bairnsdale
YBWX Barrow I YCMH Camden Haven
YBOA Boonah
YBYL Baryulgil YCMM Cummins Town
YBOC Booleroo Center
YBYS Beverley Springs YCMT Clermont
YBOI Boigu
YCAB Caboolture YCMU Cunnamulla
YBOK Oakey (Oakey (Mili-
YCAG Caiguna YCMW Camooweal (Ca-
tary)) mooweal Ala)
YCAH Coolah
YBOM Bombala YCNF Nifty
YCAR Carnarvon
YBOR Bordertown YCNK Cessnock
YCAS Casino
YBOU Boulia YCNM Coonamble
YCBA Cobar
YBPN Proserpine (Whit- YCNY Century Mine
sunday Coast) YCBB Coonabarabran
YCOE Coen
YBRK Rockhampton YCBG Hobart (Cambridge)
YCOM Cooma-Snowy
YBRL Borroloola YCBP Coober Pedy
Mountains
YBRM Broome (Broome YCBR Collarenebri
YCOO Cooinda
Intl) YCCA Chinchilla
YCOR Corowa
YBRN Balranald YCCY Cloncurry
YCRG Corryong
YBRS Barwon Heads YCDE Cobden
YCRY Croydon
YBRW Brewarrina YCDH Cadney Homestead
YCSV Collinsville
YBRY Barimunya YCDO Condobolin
YCTM Cootamundra
YBSG Scherger YCDR Caloundra
YCUA Cudal
YBSS Bacchus Marsh YCDU Ceduna
YCUE Cue
YBSU Sunshine Coast YCEE Cleve
YCUN Cunderdin
YBTH Bathurst YCEL Capella
YCVG Calvin Grove
YBTI Bathurst I YCEM Coldstream
YCWA Coondewanna
YBTL Townsville (Towns- YCFS Coffs Harbour
ville Intl) YCWL Cowell
YCGO Chillagoe
YBTR Blackwater YCWR Cowra
YCHK Christmas Creek
YBUD Bundaberg YCXA Cooloola Cove
YCHT Charters Towers
YBUN Bunbury YDAY Dalby
YCIN Curtin
YDBI Dirranbandi
PACIFIC
YDBR Dunbar YESC Escott YGLA Gladstone

YDBY Derby YESP Esperance YGLB Goulburn
YDEK Denmark YEUO Eulo YGLG Geelong
YDGU DeGrussa YEVD Evans Head YGLI Glen Innes
YDKI Dunk Island YEXM Exmouth YGLO Glenormiston
YDLO Darlot YFBS Forbes YGLS Giles
YDLQ Deniliquin YFDF Fortescue Dave YGON Mount Gordon
Forrest
YDLT Delta Downs YGPT Garden Point
YFLI Flinders I
YDLV Delissaville YGRL Great Lakes
YFRG Fregon
YDMG Doomadgee YGRS Laverton (Granny
YFRT Forrest Smith)
YDOC Dochra (Dochra
(Military)) YFTA Forrestania YGTE Groote Eylandt
YDOD Donald YFTZ Fitzroy Crossing YGTH Griffith
YDOP Donnington Airpark YGAD Garden I YGTN Georgetown
YDOR Dorunda YGAS Gatton (Gatton Air- YGTO George Town
park)
YDPD Davenport Downs YGWA Goolwa
YGAW Gawler
YDPO Devonport YGYM Gympie
YGAY Gayndah
YDRD Drysdale River YHAA Haasts Bluff
YGBI South Goulburn I
YDRH Durham Downs YHAW Hawker
YGDA Goodooga
YDRI Durrie YHAY Hay
YGDH Gunnedah
YDUN Dunwich YHBA Hervey Bay
YGDI Goondiwindi
YDVR Docker River YHBK Holbrook
YGDO Terrey Hills (Gunda-
YDWF Delamere YHEC Norwell (Heck)
roo)
YDYS Dysart YHID Horn Island
YGDS Gregory Downs
YECH Echuca YHLC Halls Creek
YGEL Geraldton
YELD Elcho I YHLS Hillston
YGFN Grafton
YELN Elliston YHMB Hermannsburg
YGGE Golden Grove
YEMG Eromanga YHML Hamilton
YGIB Gibb River
YEML Emerald YHOO Hooker Creek
YGIG Gingin
YENO Enoggera YHOT Mt Hotham
YGIL Gilgandra
YERN Ernabella YHPN Hopetoun
YGKL Great Keppel Island
PACIFIC
YHRD Hungerford YKBN Kooralbyn YLGU Legune Stn

YHSM Horsham YKBR Kalbarri YLHI Lord Howe Island
YHUG Hughenden YKBY Streaky Bay YLHR Lockhart River
YIDK Indulkana YKCS Kings Creek YLIL Lilydale
YIFL Innisfail YKCY KILCOY YLIS Lismore
YIFY Iffley YKDI Kadina YLJN West Perth (Lake
Johnston)
YIGM Ingham YKDM Kidman Springs
YLKE Lakes Entrance
YIKM Inkerman YKER Kerang
YLLE Ballera
YIMB Kimba YKID Kidston
YLOH Louth
YINJ Injune YKIG Kingston
YLOR Lorraine
YINN Innamincka YKII King I
YLOX Loxton
YISF Isisford YKKG Kalkgurung
YLRD Lightning Ridge
YITT Mitta Mitta YKLE Killarney
YLRE Longreach
YIVL Inverell YKMB Karumba
YLST Leinster
YIVO Ivanhoe YKML Kamileroi
YLTN Laverton
YJAB Jabiru YKMP Kempsey
YLTV Latrobe Valley
YJAC Jacinth Ambrosia YKNG Katanning
YLVK Lavarack
YJAK Jackson YKOW Kowanyama
YJBY Jervis Bay (Jervis YKRY Kingaroy YLZI Lizard Island
Bay (Military)) YKSC Kingscote
YM FIR/UIR
YJDA Jundah YKTN Kyneton
YMMM Melbourne FIR
YJER Jerilderie YKUB Kubin
YJIN Jindabyne YLAH Lawn Hill YM Australia
YJLC Julia Creek YLAK Lakeside Airpark YMAA Mabuiag Island
YJNB Jurien Bay YLAW Leinster (Lawlers) YMAE Murray/Mer Island
YJST Jamestown YLCG Lake Cargelligo YMAF Mansfield (Mansfield
YJUN Jundee Hls)
YLCS Locksley Field
YKAL Kalumburu YMAV Avalon
YLEC Leigh Creek
YKAR Karara YMAY Albury
YLEG Leongatha
YKAT Katoomba YMBA Mareeba
YLEO Leonora
YKBL Kambalda YMBD Murray Bridge
YLEV Lake Evella
PACIFIC
YMBL Marble Bar YMIJ Minjilang YMTI Mornington I (Mor-

nington I.)
YMBU Maryborough YMIT Mitchell
YMTO Monto
YMCL Mount Coolon YMJM Manjimup
YMUL Murray Field
YMCO Mallacoota YMKT Emkaytee
YMWA Mullewa
YMCT Millicent YMLD Maitland
YMYB Maryborough
YMDA Mundubbera YMLS Miles
YNAP Nappa Merrie
YMDG Mudgee YMLT Launceston
YNAR Narrandera
YMDN Merredin YMMB Melbourne (Moorab-
bin) YNBR Narrabri
YMDY Mount Bundey
YMMI Murrin Murrin YNGU Ngukurr
YMEI Mereenie
YMML Melbourne (Mel- YNHL Nhill
YMEK Meekatharra
bourne Intl)
YNPE Northern Peninsula
YMEL Melton
YMMU Middlemount
YNRB Narembeen
YMEN Melbourne (Essen-
YMND Maitland
don) YNRC Naracoorte
YMNE Mt. Keith
YMER Merimbula YNRG Narrogin
YMNG Mangalore
YMES East Sale (East YNRM Narromine
Sale (Military)) YMNK Monkira
YNRV Ravensthorpe
YMFD Mansfield YMNY Morney
YNSH Noosa
YMGB Milingimbi YMOG Mount Magnet YNSM Norseman
YMGD Maningrida YMOO Mooraberree YNTM Northam
YMGI Mungindi YMOR Moree YNTN Normanton
YMGR Margaret River Sta- YMOU Moura YNUB Nullarbor Motel
tion
YMPA Minnipa YNUL Nullagine
YMGT Margaret River YMPC Point Cook YNUM Numbulwar
YMHB Hobart YMRB Moranbah YNWN Newman
YMHL Mount Holland YMRE Marree YNYN Nyngan
YMHO Mount House YMRW Morawa YOAY Oaky Creek
YMHU McArthur River Mine YMRY Moruya YOEN Oenpelli
YMHW Mount Howitt YMSF Mount Sanford Sta- YOLA Colac
YMIA Mildura tion
YOLD Olympic Dam
YMIB Mintabie YMTB Muttaburra
YOLW Onslow
YMIG Mittagong YMTG Mount Gambier
PACIFIC
YOOD Oodnadatta YPLM Learmonth YRTI Rottnest I

YOOM Moomba YPLU Plutonic YRTP Rutland Plains
YORB Orbost YPMH Prominent Hill YSBK Sydney (Banks-
town)
YORG Orange YPMP Pormpuraaw
YSCA Scotia Sanctuary
YORR Orroroo YPMQ Port Macquarie
YSCB Canberra
YOSB Osborne Mine YPNN Pinnaroo
YSCN Camden
YPAD Adelaide (Adelaide YPOD Portland
Intl) YSCO Scone
YPOK Porepunkah
YPAG Port Augusta YSCR Southern Cross
YPPD Port Hedland (Port
YPAM Palm Island Hedland Intl) YSDU Dubbo
YPAY Papunya YPPF Adelaide (Parafield) YSEN Serpentine
YPBO Paraburdoo YPPH Perth (Perth Intl) YSGE St George
YPCE Pooncarie YPTB Peterborough YSGR South Grafton
YPDN Darwin (Darwin Intl) YPTN Tindal (Tindal (Mili- YSGT Singleton
tary))
YPEA Pearce YSGW South Galway
YPWR Woomera
YPEC Aeropelican YSHG Shay Gap
YPXM Christmas I
YPED Edinburgh (Edin- YSHK Shark Bay
burgh (Military)) YQDI Quirindi
YSHR Shute Harbour/Whit-
YPEF Penfield YQLP Quilpie sunday
YPFT Polo Flat YQNS Queenstown YSHT Shepparton
YPGV Gove YQRN Quorn YSHW Holsworthy (Lus-
YPID Phillip Island YRBE Robe combe Army Air-
field)
YPIR Port Pirie YRED Redcliffe
YSLK Sea Lake
YPJT Perth (Jandakot) YREN Renmark
YSMI Smithton
YPKA Karratha YRLL Rolleston
YSNB Snake Bay
YPKG Kalgoorlie-Boulder YRMD Richmond
YSNC Sinclair
YPKL Puckapunyal (Puck- YRNG Ramingining
apunyal (Military)) YSNF Norfolk I (Norfolk Is-
YROB Robinhood land)
YPKS Parkes YROI Robinvale YSNW Nowra (Nowra Mili-
YPKT Port Keats YROM Roma tary)
YPKU Kununurra YRSB Roseberth YSOL Solomon
YPLC Port Lincoln YRSH Rosehill Heliport YSPE Stanthorpe
PACIFIC
YSPT Southport YTMB Tambo YWEL Wellington

YSRD Sunrise Dam YTMN Tanami (Tanami YWGT Wangaratta
Gold Mine)
YSRI Richmond (Rich- YWHA Whyalla
mond (Military)) YTMO The Monument YWHC White Cliffs
YSRN Strahan YTMU Tumut YWIS Williamson
YSSY Sydney (Kingsford YTNG Thangool YWJL Wujal Wujal
Smith Intl) YTNK Tennant Creek YWKB Warracknabeal
YSTA Saint Arnaud
YTOC Tocumwal YWKI Waikerie
YSTH St Helens
YTOT Tottenham YWLG Walgett
YSTO Stonehenge
YTQY Torquay YWLM Williamtown (Wil-
YSTW Tamworth
YTRE Taree liamtown Military)
YSWB Swan Bay
YTST Truscott-Mungalalu YWLU Wiluna
YSWG Wagga Wagga
YTWB Toowoomba YWMC William Creek
YSWH Swan Hill
YTWN Tooraweenah YWMP Wrotham Park
YSWL Stawell
YTYA Tyabb YWND Wondai
YTAA Tara
YUDG Urandangi YWOL Wollongong
YTAM Taroom
YUNY Cluny YWRL Warialda
YTBB Tumby Bay
YVRD Victoria River YWRN Warren
YTBR Timber Creek Downs YWSG Watts Bridge
YTDN Tooradin YVRS Vanrook Station YWSL West Sale
YTDR Theodore YWAG Wanaaring YWST Sydney (Westmead
YTEE Trepell YWAV Wave Hill Hospital)
YTEF Telfer YWBI Warrabri YWTL Waterloo
YTEM Temora YWBL Warrnambool YWTN Winton
YTFA Truro Flat Airpark YWBN Wedderburn YWTO Wentworth
YTGM Thargomindah YWBR Warburton YWUD Wudinna
YTGT The Granites YWCA Wilcannia YWVA Warnervale
YTHY Thylungra YWCH Walcha YWWI Woodie Woodie
YTIB Tibooburra YWCK Warwick YWWL West Wyalong
YTKS Tooral Research YWDG Windarling YWYA Wyandra
Station (Toorak Re-
YWDH Windorah YWYF Wycheproof
search Station)
YWDL Wondoola YWYM Wyndham
PACIFIC
YWYY Wynyard YXMW Merriwa (Merriwa YYNG Young

YXFV Newcastle Westpac Hospital) YYRM Yarram
Base YXTU Tully Hospital (Tully YYWG Yarrawonga
YXGS Gosford (Gosford Hospital HLS)
Hospital) YXWL Wollongong (Wol- ZG FIR/UIR
YXLG Lithgow (Lithgow longong Hospital)
ZGZU Guangzhou FIR
Hospital) YYKI Yorke Island
ZKKP Pyongyang FIR
YXMA McLean (McLean YYMI Yam Island
Hospital) ZPKM Kunming FIR
YYND Yuendumu
YXMO Mossman ZSHA Shanghai FIR
Airport Directory
Airport Data - Australia

AIRPORT DATA - AUSTRALIA 1539
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA, EAST AND CENTRAL, WEST AND CENTRAL
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA
ICAO LOCATION INDICATORS DECODE — AUSTRALIA

This section contains a list of ICAO location indicators in alphabetical order for Australian airports.
AIRPORT DIRECTORY
General
Airports are listed by location (city) and State/Territory. Airport names are included in parenthesis
when different than the location name. A cross reference by airport name is provided when differ-
ent than the location name. Diagrams are provided, when available, for airports which do not have
an instrument approach procedure published.
Operations at uncertified and unregistered Aerodromes
The information about the movement areas and lighting details of aerodromes that are uncertified
and unregistered is subject to change without prior notice and is NOT subject to NOTAM action.
Pilots and operators must contact the aerodrome operator directly to ensure currency and accu-
racy of aerodrome information.
State/Territory abbreviations used in location names:
Australian Capital Territory – ACT
New South Wales – NSW
Northern Territory – NT
Queensland – QLD
South Australia – SA
Tasmania – TAS
Victoria – VIC
Western Australia – WA
Airport Location Identifiers
Each airport is assigned a four letter Jeppesen Navdata (ICAO) identifier.
Elevation, Magnetic Variation and Geographical Location
Airport elevation at the airport reference point is provided in feet above mean sea level (QNH).
Magnetic variation is provided in whole degrees. The geographical location of the airport refer-
ence point is provided in degrees, minutes and tenths of a minute.
Airport Operator/Telephone Number
The airport operator name is provided with a contact telephone number. A FAX number is also
included where a facsimile service is available to the airport operator.
Hours of Operation
Airport hours of operation are shown in UTC. Where local time is intended it will be followed by
the abbreviation LT (Local Time). Local time in Australia falls into three separate zones; Eastern
AUSTRALIA
Standard Time (EST), which is UTC plus 10 hours, Central Standard Time (CST), which is UTC
plus 9 1/2 hours, and Western Standard Time (WST), which is UTC plus 8 hours.
These times apply as follows:
EST is used in the States of New South Wales, (except the Broken Hill area), Queensland, Victo-
ria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory;
CST is used in the State of South Australia, the Northern Territory and the Broken Hill area;
WST is used in the State of Western Australia.
Allowance should be made for any daylight saving that may be in force.
Airport Lighting
Lighting activation for VFR airports and other available lighting will be indicated in the text. Stand
by Power Available with certain restrictional notes will be listed for airports with Standard Instru-
ment Approach Procedures and VFR airports.
Reference AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AIRPORTS AND GROUND AIDS for information on pilot
activated lighting (PAL).
See INTRODUCTION - APPROACH CHART LEGEND for runway and approach lighting abbrevi-
ations used in this section.
Runway Data
Runway information will be listed in the text at locations where an airport diagram is not available.
Runway Bearing Strength
ICAO Aircraft Classification Number/Pavement Classification Number (ACN/PCN) method is used
to specify the strength of pavements and hence permissible aircraft masses. The operation of an
aircraft above the maximum mass and tire pressures is not permitted unless a pavement conces-
sion is approved. Omission of pavement strength indicates that the runway is unrated. See Pave-
ment Strength Limitations this section for details regarding runway bearing strengths.
Additional Airport Information
Remarks as to special procedures, right hand circuits, etc., are included.
Customs
Refer to ENTRY REQUIREMENTS for national regulations and customs information.
Communications
Operating hours of control towers are provided in UTC unless otherwise stated. For VFR airports,
the primary frequencies are listed for ATIS, Approach Control furnishing VFR advisories, Tower,
Ground, Flight Information Service (FIS), Flight Information Area (FIA), and Common Traffic Advi-
sory Frequency (CTAF). Pilots of inbound traffic should monitor and communicate as appropriate
on the designated CTAF from 10 miles to landing. Pilots of departing aircraft should monitor/
communicate on the appropriate frequency from start-up, during taxi, and until 10 miles from the
airport unless local procedures require otherwise. Pilots of aircraft conducting other than arriving
AUSTRALIA
or departing operations at altitudes normally used by arriving and departing aircraft should moni-
tor/communicate on the appropriate frequency while within 10 miles of the airport unless required
to do otherwise by local procedures.
A (CA/GRS) certified air/ground radio service is an airport radio information service; not an air
traffic service. Pilots retain full responsibility to decide whether to accept and use the information.
CA/GRS provides the following information: confirmation of frequency, relevant traffic in CTAF &
maneuvering area of airport, weather conditions if no ATIS exists, other local information, and
emergency services call-out.
An airport frequency response unit (AFRU) will provide an automatic response when pilots trans-
mit on the traffic frequency for the particular airport, normally the CTAF. It will assist in indicating
inadvertent selection of the incorrect VHF frequency when pilots operate into uncontrolled air-
ports.
Rescue and Fire Fighting System
Airport categories for rescue and fire fighting are based on the over-all length of the longest air-
craft normally using the airport and its maximum fuselage width. Note that the figures below refer
to quantities and discharge rates for water. Different figures apply to other extinguishing agents.
The rescue and fire fighting capability will be shown in the airport listings as “Fire” followed by the
category number (e.g., Fire 5). If different category numbers are published for one airport, the
lowest category number will be shown. The higher category number with the relevant note (e.g.,
Fire 7 PTO, Fire 7 PPR...etc.) can be found within the Airport information block. PTO abbrevia-
tions used with Fire stand for Part time operations. To enhance the safe management of emer-
gency situations involving aircraft, a nationally approved ARFF Emergency Frequency of 131.0
MHz is available for direct communication between an Aircraft Flight Crew and the ARFF Incident
Commander. ATC shall advise Flight Crews and/or ARFF when to operate on the 131.0 fre-
quency. For ARFF locations without ATC, use of the CTAF is appropriate.
RFF Minimum Water and Vehicle

Airport Category for Rescue and Fire Fighting
Requirements
Maximum Discharge Vehicle Re-
*Airport Water
Aircraft Overall Length Fuselage Rate (L/ quirements
Category (L)
Width minute) (CIV only)
1 0 up to but not including 9m 2m 230 230 1
2 9m up to but not including 12m 2m 670 550 1
7 39m up to but not including 49m 5m 12,100 5300 3
AUSTRALIA
RFF Minimum Water and Vehicle

Airport Category for Rescue and Fire Fighting
Requirements
Maximum Discharge Vehicle Re-
*Airport Water
Aircraft Overall Length Fuselage Rate (L/ quirements
Category (L)
Width minute) (CIV only)
10 76m up to but not including 90m 8m 32,300 11,200 3
* The airport category shown in the Tabulation above should be considered as guideline only.
Minimum Usable Amounts of Extinguishing Agents AIRSERVICES RFFS – ICAO/CASA

STANDARD
Complementary
Airport Cate- Discharge Rate
RFF Vehicles Water (L) Agents (Dry
gory (L/minute)
Chemical)*
5 1 5400 3000 180kg
6 2 7900 4000 225kg
7 2 12,100 5300 225kg
8 3 18,200 7200 450kg
9 3 24,300 9000 450kg
* NOTAMS should be monitored for temporary reductions due to maintenance.
WRS – Airservices Water Rescue Service

WRS is at selected apts. This service consists of rescue boats which provide a first response to
an aircraft incident in water areas to deploy flotation platforms, pending the arrival of a larger,
second stage response under an Airport Emergency Plan (AEP). The WRS does not constitute a
part of RFFS category; however, any subsequent non-availability of the complete WRS will gener-
ate notification processes compatible with a contingency plan involving other emergency Agen-
cies (and ATS) at that airport location. PTO abbreviations used with WRS stand for Part time
operations.
REPLENISHMENT
Replenishment information is listed by supplier, with telephone number and hours of operation.
The left hand column below shows the codes used, followed by a description. Finally, (in brack-
ets) the Australian designation, where applicable.
AUSTRALIA
FUEL
AVGAS aviation gasoline, grade 100/130 (AVGAS 100/130) (SG 0.72)
F34 aviation turbine kerosene (JET A1 with FSII (S-1745)) (-47° C freeze point),
(SG 0.775 - 0.840)
Jet A-1 aviation turbine kerosene (JET A1 without FSII (S-1745)) (-47° C freeze point),
(SG 0.775 - 0.840)
F40 aviation turbine gasoline (AVTAG with FSII (S748) (low vapor pressure) (SG
0.80)
F44 aviation turbine kerosene (AVCAT 48) (high flash point with FSII (S-1745) (-46°
C freeze point) (SG 0.788 - 0.845)
F45 aviation turbine gasoline (AVTAG without FSII (S748)) (-58 C° freeze point)
(SG 0. 0.80)
LUBRICATING OIL
0113 aviation piston engine lubricating oil: 65 SUS (OM-107)
0117 aviation piston engine lubricating oil: 100 SUS (OM-270)
0123 aviation piston engine lubricating oil (ashless dispersant): 80 SUS (OMD-160)
0133 aviation turbine oil (OM-10)
0135 aviation turbine lubricating oil, petroleum base: 3cS (OM-11)
0136 aviation turbine lubricating oil, petroleum base 9cS (EP) (OEP-71)
0138 aviation turbine lubricating oil, petroleum base: 9cS (OM-71)
0142 general purpose (mineral) lubricating oil (OM-12)
0147 instrument (synthetic lubricating oil (OX- 14)
0148 aviation turbine synthetic lubricating oil: 3cS (OX-9)
0149 aviation turbine synthetic lubricating oil: 7.5cS (OX-38)
0155 aviation gear (mineral) lubricating oil (OEP-70)
0156 aviation turbine synthetic lubricating oil:5cS (OX-27)
OX-7 aviation turbine oil 390: 3cS
SUS Saybolt Universal Seconds
cS centistokes
AUSTRALIA
MISCELLANEOUS FLUIDS
C365 corrosion preventive compound, hydraulic system (OX-15)
H515 mineral hydraulic oil (OM-15)
H536 hydraulic oil (OX-50)
H576 mineral hydraulic oil (OM-33)
SKD5 Skydrol 500B
S735 inhibited ethylene glycol (AL-3)
S737 isopropyl alcohol (AL-11)
S738 denatured ethyl alcohol (AL-8)
S745 glycol alcohol de-icing, defrosting fluid (AL-5)
S746 isopropyl nitrate (avpin)
S747 methyl alcohol (AL-9)
S1745 fuel system icing inhibitor, high flash type (FSII) (AL-41)
ADI 50/50/I methanol/water/inhibitor anti-detonant injection fluid (METHMIX)
(AL-37)
MMX45 45/55/0 methanol/water thrust augmentation fluid (AL-28)
MMX50 50/50/0 methanol/water thrust augmentation fluid
MMX60 60/40/0 methanol/water thrust augmentation fluid
WTA demineralized water (thrust augmentation fluid)
AVIATION BREATHING OXYGEN

HPOX High Pressure Oxygen
LHOX Low and High Pressure Oxygen
LOX Liquid Oxygen
LPOX Low Pressure Oxygen
OXRB Oxygen Replacement Bottles (type of aircraft specified)
POWER UNITS – (ELECTRIC)

E1 28VDC Battery Cart
E2 28VDC 2.2KW
E3 28VDC 7.5KW
E4 28VDC 10KW
AUSTRALIA
E5 28VDC 15KW
E6 Rectifier starting 28VDC 6KW/30KW Peak
E7 Underground Power, 28VDC 15KW, 120/208VAC 50KVA
E8 28VDC 10KW, 120/208VAC 60KVA
E9 28VDC 45KW, 120/208VAC 60KVA
E10 28VDC 14KW, 120/208VAC 45KVA
E11 28VDC 15KW, 120/208VAC 15KVA
E12 28VAC 15KW, 120/208VAC 75KVA
E13 28VAC 15KW, 120/208VAC 90KVA
E14 28VDC 22.5KW, 124/208VAC 30KVA
E15 28VDC 25KW, 124/208VAC 30KVA
E16 28VDC 45KW, 124/208VAC 60KVA
POWER UNITS – (AIR)

A1 Low pressure air starter (40PSI)
PRESAIR Compressed air replenishment: 3000PSI or higher AVBL
CREDIT DETAILS
Credit cards accepted by Refuellers:
AC Access Card
BC Bank Card
DC Diners Club
V Visa Card
MC Master Card
AMEX American Express
AIRPORT DIAGRAM SYMBOLS
Paved runway/strip
Unpaved runway/strip
Displaced landing threshold
Closed runway
AUSTRALIA
AIRPORT DIAGRAM SYMBOLS (continued)

Stopway or overrun, regardless of surface, with length indi-
cated when known. (Never included in runway length).
Runway at Unlicensed airport or glider strip
Helipad
Permanently closed taxiway

Ramps, taxiways or other areas not to be used for landings
and take-offs. No differentiation is shown between types of
surface.
Airport beacon
Buildings
Wind Indicator
Wind Indicator Lighted
RUNWAY DECLARED DISTANCES

Declared distances in feet (meters) are tabulated for each runway. They are:
TORA (TAKE-OFF RUN AVAILABLE) — The length of runway declared available and suitable
for the ground run of an aircraft taking off. (In most cases this corresponds to the physical length
of the runway pavement.)
TODA (TAKE-OFF DISTANCE AVAILABLE) — The length of take-off run available plus the
length of any clearway available.
ASDA (ACCELERATE - STOP DISTANCE AVAILABLE) — The length of take-off run available
plus the length of stopway, if provided. (Any stopway length included shall be adequate for use by
all aircraft which comply with the runway strength rating.)
AUSTRALIA
LDA (LANDING DISTANCE AVAILABLE) — The length of runway declared available and suita-
ble for the ground run of an aircraft landing. (In most cases, this corresponds to the physical
length of the runway pavement.)
RESA (RUNWAY END SAFETY AREA) RESA — is the cleared and graded area adjacent to the
end of a runway or stopway intended for use in the event of an aircraft undershooting or overrun-
ning the runway. In Australia, a minimum RESA of 60m (197') is provided, except for runway serv-
ing only code 1 runway where 30m (99') is the minimum. The minimum RESA for a runway serv-
ing jet RPT aircraft is 90m (295'). Because of the requirement for a RESA, the declaring of less
than the full runway length to be available for take-off or landing is sometimes necessary.
AIRPORT REFERENCE CODE — CODE NUMBER (CN) — A reference code number is provi-
ded for each Rwy listed in the Rwy distances tables. This code number indicates the maximum
field length of the aircraft that the Rwy is designed for. Code numbers and associated field lengths
are:
a. Field length of less than 2624' (800m).
b. Field length of 2624' (800) up to but not including 3936' (1200m).
c. Field length of 3936' (1200m) up to but not including 5904' (1800m).
d. Field length of 5904' (1800m) and over.
Note that the field length of an aircraft is based on the performance of an aircraft during certifica-
tion and is not related to the actual Rwy length provided at an airport.
Use the code number to determine the applicable standards of obstacle-clear approach gradients,
take-off gradients & take-off survey areas for the Rwy. The code number is not intended to limit
aircraft operations at an airport. Aircraft operators and/or pilots must ensure that the published air-
port information meets requirements for their aircraft operations.
OBSTACLE-CLEAR APPROACH GRADIENTS
The threshold is located at least 60m from the intersection of the obstacle clear approach surface
with the extended runway centerline. The standards for the obstacle clear approach gradients are:
5% for a code 1 runway,
4% for a code 2 runway,
3.3% for a code 3 and 4 runway,
3.3% for NPA Code 1, 2 or 3 runway, and
2% for NPA code 4 and an INST runway.
Variations to the approach gradients will be explained in a note under the relevant declared dis-
tances entry.
OBSTACLE CLEAR TAKE-OFF GRADIENTS
Areas from the ends of runways, defined in accordance with the table below, are surveyed for
obstacles. The obstacle-clear take-off gradient is based on the greatest vertical angle with the
horizontal subtended by an obstacle within the surveyed area. This gradient information is shown
AUSTRALIA
in brackets immediately following the TODA information. Liaise with the AD OPR if obstacle infor-
mation is required.
Supplementary Take-Off Distances Available (STODA) are shown for obstacle-clear take-off gra-
dients (within the same defined area) of 1.6%, 1.9%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 3.3% and 5% if the TODA gra-
dient exceeds these figures and the resultant STODA is greater than 800m.
Where an existing fence or levee is located very close to the runway end, the fence or levee may
not be taken into account in the assessment of the obstacle-clear take-off gradients for TODA and
STODA purposes. In such cases, information of the height and location of the fence or levee will
be provided in a note under the relevant declared distances entry.
If the survey area is not in accordance with the table below, details of the actual obstacle survey
area are provided below the relevant declared distances entry.
Take-off Runways
Take-off Climb Sur- Take-off Runways Code Number

face—Dimensions 1 2 3 or 4
Length of inner edge 60m 80m 180m
Minimum distance of 30m 60m 60m
inner edge from run-
way end Ψ
Rate of Divergence 10% 10% 12.5%
(each side)
Final Width 380m 580m 1200m
1800m #
Overall length 1600m 2500m 15000m
Ψ The take-off climb surface starts from the end of clearway if a clearway is provided.
# 1800m to be used when the take-off procedure includes changes of heading greater than
15DEG for operations conducted in IMC or VMC by night
SLOPE — On runway quoted is the difference between the maximum and the minimum elevation
along the centerline of the runway divided by its length and expressed as a percentage to the
nearest one-tenth of a percent. The “down” slope and its direction are tabulated in all cases, eg,
“0.8% down to SE”. Where significant slope variations occur, additional data may be shown in
notices, eg, “E end level, center section 0.5% down to W, W end 0.1% down to E”.
RWS WIDTH — is the width from side to side which contains the runway, the graded and ungra-
ded portions of the RWS, shown in meters only. The GRADED portion of the RWS may be
defined by boundary markers and is graded to alleviate damage to an aircraft in the event that it
runs off the runway. The UNGRADED portion of the RWS is free of upstanding objects but may
contain depressions, trenches, etc.
AUSTRALIA
CLASS D AIRSPACE PROCEDURES

Supplementary Procedures
Supplementary Class D airspace procedures are provided for the control zones located at Ade-
laide (Parafield), Brisbane (Archerfield), Camden, Melbourne (Moorabbin), Perth (Jandakot), and
Sydney (Bankstown) aerodromes.
Class D Visual Procedure Symbols

VFR Track
VFR Approach / Departure Point
Check Point (when requested by ATC)
Tracking / Turning Point
Compulsory Reporting Point
Control Zone (CTR)
Racecourse
Golf Course
AUSTRALIA
DEFINITIONS
AIRCRAFT CLASSIFICATION NUMBER (ACN) — A number expressing the relative effect of an
aircraft on a pavement for a specified standard subgrade strength.
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO — The bearing ratio of soil determined by comparing the pene-
tration load of the soil to that of a standard material. The method covers evaluation of the relative
quality of subgrade soils but is applicable to sub-base and some base coarse materials.
EQUIVALENT SINGLE ISOLATED WHEEL LOAD — The equivalent load that would be
imposed on a pavement by a single wheel if any wheel group on an aircraft were replaced by a
single wheel using the same tire pressure.
GROSS WEIGHT — The weight of the aircraft together with the weight of all persons and goods
(including fuel) on board the aircraft at that time.
K — Westergaard’s modulus of subgrade reaction in MN/m3 .
KILOPASCALS (KpA) — A measure of pressure or stress in thousands of Pascals.
MEGANEWTONS PER CUBIC METER (MN/m3) — A measure of force in millions of Newtons
per cubic meter.
MEGAPASCALS (MPa) — A measure of pressure or stress in millions of Pascals.
PASCAL (Pa) — The pressure of stress of one (1) Newton per square meter.
PAVEMENT CLASSIFICATION NUMBER (PCN) — A number expressing the bearing strength of
a pavement for unrestricted operations.
PERMISSIBLE ALL-UP WEIGHT — The weight to which an aircraft is limited by virtue of the
physical characteristics of an airport.
ACN/PCN
The Aircraft Classification Number/Pavement Classification Number (ACN/PCN) method is used
to specify the strength of pavements and hence permissible aircraft masses (weights) applicable
for aircraft with an all-up weight of more than 5700kg (12,500 lbs).
The parameters published to specify the strength of a rated pavement suitable for use by aircraft
above 5700kg maximum all-up mass are:
a. Pavement Classification Number – PCN;
b. The pavement type:
R = Rigid Pavement
F = Flexible Pavement
c. Subgrade strength category code:
A = High Strength
B = Medium Strength
C = Low Strength
AUSTRALIA
D = Ultra-low Strength
d. The maximum tire pressure in Kpa and psi;
e. The method by which the pavement has been evaluated:
T = Technical evaluation
U = From aircraft experience
A coding example of the above parameters for the bearing strength of a rigid pavement, resting
on a medium strength sub-grade, assessed by technical evaluation to be PCN 80:
PCN 80/R/B/1750(254 psi)/T
The parameters published for rated pavements for use by aircraft not above 5000kg maximum all-
up mass are:
a. The permissible aircraft gross mass in kilograms;
b. The maximum tire pressure in kilopascals.
NOTE: Mass in lbs and tire pressure in psi are also provided in parenthesis.
Pavement Concessions
The operation of an aircraft above the maximum masses and tire pressures is not permitted
unless a pavement concession is approved.
However, if the tire pressure exceeds that listed, the permissible pressure may be increased
using the factor obtained from the Permanent Tire Pressure Concessions graph below. If the
pressure requirements are then met, and provided that not more than four movements within a
seven day period are proposed for aircraft above 5700kg maximum gross mass, an aircraft may
use a pavement if its ACN for the appropriate type and subgrade strength does not exceed the
published PCN.
An operator of an aircraft requiring a pavement concession should apply to the airport operator.
AUSTRALIA
Permanent Tire Pressure Concessions
Examples of ACN Table Usage

ACNs for selected aircraft types currently in use have been provided by aircraft manufacturers to
ICAO. The information is presented in the ACN Tables published in this Airport Directory.
NOTE: The ACN tables indicate tire pressure in MPa. To obtain kPa multiply MPa values by
1000.
PROBLEM 1:
Find the ACN of a B737-200/200C (Advanced) with a mass of 56,699kg on a rigid pavement rest-
ing on a medium strength subgrade (i.e.,K = 80 MN/m3). Tire pressure of the main wheels is 1230
kPa (MPa 1.23).
SOLUTION: ACN = 34
PROBLEM 2:
The airport lists the following information related to a runway pavement:
PCN 66/F/C/1400(203 psi)/U
Determine whether the pavement can accept the following aircraft at the indicated operating
masses and tire pressure:
AUSTRALIA
Airbus A300 B2 142,000kg/1290 kPa

B747-100B 341,553kg/1320 kPa
DC-10-40 558,000 lbs/170 psi
L-1011-1 195,952kg/1330 kPa
SOLUTION:
ACNs for these aircraft are 55, 62, 70 and 66 respectively. Comparing the ACNs with the PCN of
66 it can be determined that the pavement can accept all aircraft except the DC-10-40.
The DC-10-40 operator must request a pavement concession from the operator or reduce the
operating mass to 532,061 lbs (241,339kg) to arrive at an ACN of 66.
NOTE: When the reported PCN is below the ACN for the Maximum Apron Mass, an all-up mass
can be calculated which is suitable to the lower reported PCN. The ACN varies linearly between
the operating Mass Empty and the Maximum Apron Mass.
Unrated Pavements
An aircraft may operate on an unrated pavement provided the aircraft gross mass and tire pres-
sure do not exceed those determined from the following graph:
AUSTRALIA
Adelaide (Adelaide Intl) Apt of Entry Rwy 21R Right-Hand Circuit.

20′ YPAD ADL +09:30* S34 56.7 E138 31.8 03R/21L 4196′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 03R 4393′.
Apt Administration 08 8308 9211; H24 8308 TODA 21L 4393′.
9333; Fax 8308 9311. ATS 08 8238 7992. 08L/26R 3143′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 08L 3340′.
05/23 10170′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 89/F/D/ TODA 26R 3340′.
1600 (232 PSI)/T. LDA 05 9678′. TODA 05 Rwy 08L/26R clsd when twr inop.
10512′. TODA 23 10512′. ASDA 05 10367′. 08R/26L 3255′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 08R 3451′.
ASDA 23 10367′. HIRL. HIALS 23. TODA 26L 3451′.
12/30 5420′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/D/ Rwy 08R Right-Hand Circuit.
1600 (232 PSI)/T. TODA 12 6010′. TODA 30 Rwy 08R/26L clsd SS-SR.
6010′. RL.
Birds in vicinity of airport.
ATND SKD H24. Customs.
When tower inop, Rwy 08R/26L available SR-
The aerodrome operator does not provide air- SS only and Rwy 03L/21R is the preferred
craft marshalling services. All requests for air- runway.
craft marshalling should be directed to the air-
Right hand circuit rwy 08R and 21R when twr
lines or FBO.
inop.
Parking of itinerant aircraft must be approved
ABN not available outside Tower hours.
by the Airport Operations Supervisor.
Rwy 03L/21R and Twy B not available to acft
Private and overnight parking on the GA apron
above 19,842 lbs (9000 kg) MTOW. Remainder
must be approved by the AirportOperations
of AD not available to aircraft above 12,566lbs
Supervisor.
(5700kg) MTOW.
Noise Abatement procedures in effect - see
Helicopters arriving and/or departing must be
Adelaide 10-4 page.
parallel to the duty runway unless otherwise
CAUTION: The Pelican Point Power Station specified by ATC.
near the container terminal to the NW of Tor-
F-4, Jet A-1.
rens I emits a continuous plume of high temper-
ature and high velocity gas discharges. Remain ABN.
clear at all times. Albany
Bird hazard exists. 233′ YABA ALH +08:00 S34 56.6 E117 48.5
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. Apt Administration 08 9841 9333; Fax 9841
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. 7372. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9842-1623. Apt
ABN. Fire 8 CAT8 2030-1330UTC; CAT5 Manager 08 9841 7372; 0439 694 666. Ground
1330-2030UTC (CAT8 on request minimum 1 Services 0439-282540.
hour prior notification). 131.0Mhz available 24
05/23 3596′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/A/
hours. 1050 (152PSI)/U. TODA 05 3793′. TODA 23
3802′.
Adelaide (Parafield)
14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 21/F/A/
57′ YPPF +09:30* S34 47.6 E138 38.0
1250 (181 PSI)/T. TODA 14 6102′. TODA 32
Apt Administration 08 8307 5700; Fax 8281 6102′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
5006. ARO 08 8308 9333.
Security controlled airport.
03L/21R 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 03L 4626′.
F-4, Jet A-1.
TODA 21R 4626′. RL.
AUSTRALIA
Albury CONFIRM runway identification by runway

539′ YMAY ABX +10:00* S36 04.1 E146 markings/lights.
57.5 Unscheduled operations diverting into Alice
Apt Administration 02 6041 2360, 0407 898 Springs require prior notice to the ARFF and
178. 0418 691 776; Fax 02 6043 5869. ARO Airport Management.
0418 691 776, 0428 691 801. Apt Manager 02 Aircraft with wingspan 118 FT (36M) and above
6043 5865: 0407 898 178. Apt Operator Fax must execute over steer turns fromRwy 12/30
02-6043 5869. onto Twys C and D due insufficient Twy edge
07/25 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/C/ clearance.
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 07 6529′. TODA 25 This AD is a Security Controlled airport.
6529′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Manned balloon activity in vicinity of circuit area
Rwy 07 Right-Hand Circuit. sunrise and early mornings.
Birds in vicinity of airport. RESTRICTION: Acft 176,370 LBS (80,000 KG)
Low visibility departure on Rwy 07/25 not avail- and above must use Rwy 12/30 THR turning
able below 1804' (550M) visibility. nodes. Acft turn starboard 180 degrees. Line
Air BP-ACA Maintenance: 2200-0800 JO 30 designed fo accommodate B777-300ER/
MIN PN. Phone 02 6021 2929; AH 3021 2032 A340-600 normal turn radius. All acft to use
1HR PN, FAX 6041 1297. AVGAS H24 Air BP MIM speed and MAX radius turns to avoid
Carnet Swipe Bowser, O117, O125, E1. pavement damage.
Mobil: D 2200-0700. H24 Card Swipe AVGAS F-4, Jet A-1.
Bowser. H24 Duty Refueller: 0413 003 808. Jet ABN. Fire 6.
A1. 1HR PN. AH Office 02 6041 1599. AH Call
Alpha
out fee applies.
1255′ YAPH ABH +10:00 S23 38.8 E146
F-4, Jet A-1.
35.0
ABN.
Apt Manager 07-4985-1166.
Alice Springs Apt of Entry 18/36 4777′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/B/
1789′ YBAS ASP +09:30 S23 48.5 E133 580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 18 4974′. TODA 36
54.0 4974′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Administration 08 8951 1211; Fax 8955 Amberley (Amberley Military)
5046.
91′ YAMB Mil. +10:00 S27 38.4 E152 42.7
12/30 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 60 F/B/
Apt Operator 0438 173 642, 07 5361 2888.
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 12 8983′. TODA 30
8983′. MIRL. HIALS 12. 04/22 4997′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5194′. TODA 22
17/35 3717′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/B/
5194′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
750(109PSI)/U. TODA 17 3914′. TODA 35
3914′. RL. Bi-dir A-gear 1522 ft AER.
Customs. Bi-dir A-gear 1522 ft AER.
Bird hazard exists. 15/33 9997′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/C/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 15 10193′. TODA 33
CAUTION: Sealed drag strip located 1KM west
10193′. ASDA 15 10226′. ASDA 33 10193′.
of airport boundary, aligned parallel with
HIRL. HIALS 15. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
runway 17/35. May be mistaken for runway.
AUSTRALIA
Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit. 12/30 4068′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/

Bi-dir A-Gear 1400 ft AER. 500 (73PSI)/U. TODA 12 4265′. TODA 30
Cracking and spalling of the concrete surface of 4265′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 15 exists between 8000' and 7000' of take- 15/33 2139′ TURF. TODA 15 2336′. TODA 33
off run markers. Aircrew are advised to exercise 2336′.
judicious use of reverse thrust in this area of
Armidale
the Rwy.
3556′ YARM ARM +10:00* S30 31.7 E151
Bi-dir A-Gear 1200 ft AER.
37.0
ATND SKD 2200-1300 Mon-Thu, 2200-0430
Apt Administration 02 6770 3600 AH 02 6772
Fri. Other times 48 hrs PPR. Customs: 24 hr
3099; Fax 02 6772 9275.
PNR.
05/23 5702′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/
48 HR PPR for all civil ops.
700 (101 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5899′. TODA 23
Birds and Animals in vicinity of apt. 5899′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Fruit bat hazard may exist within circuit area, 09/27 3661′ GRAVEL. TODA 09 3858′. TODA
main activity period one hour after last light. 27 3858′.
All aircraft must provide their parked APN/PSN This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
to ATC on initial taxi request.
F-4, Jet A-1.
CAT 6 - AD operating hours. CAT 4 all other
times. Atherton
Traffic pattern altitudes - jet acft 1500 FT, light
2460′ YATN +10:00 S17 15.7 E145 30.9
acft 1000 FT, helicopters not above 500 FT. Apt Administration 07-4043-4100; aero-
Model acft 2.5 NM NW of AD up to 300 FT. dromes@trc.qld.gov.au. ARO 0407-735-835,
PJE 6 NM SW of AD up to and including CTA. 07-4043-4656.
UAV 296° 7 NM up to 400 FT AGL. 15/33 3819′ GRASS.
Jet A-1. Oxygen. Rwy 33 Right-Hand Circuit.
Fire 6. Agricultural ops take place within a 10 nm
radius up to 500' AGL.
Andamooka Ultralight ops within 5 NM of apt.
250′ YAMK ADO +09:30* S30 26.3 E137 Bird and animal hazard exists.
08.2
F-3.
Apt Manager 08-8672-7078. Fax (08) 8672
7181. Aurukun
07/25 3150′ TURF. 29′ YAUR AUU +10:00 S13 21.2 E141 43.2
Apt Manager 07-4060-6144. after hours:
Ararat
07-4060-6122.
1008′ YARA ARY +10:00* S37 18.6 E142
16/34 4134′ SLD. PCN 6/F/B/850(125 PSI)/U.
59.3
RL.
This AD ia a Security Controlled Airport
04/22 2165′ TURF. TODA 04 2362′. TODA 22
2362′. Avalon Apt of Entry
35′ YMAV AVV +10:00* S38 02.4 E144 28.2
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration Fax 5282 3335. ARO 03 Fire 6.

5227 9470; Fax 03 5227 9108. Apt Operator 03
5227 9100, AH 03-5227-9150. Bairnsdale
18/36 10000′ ASPHALT. PCN 73/F/C/ 165′ YBNS BSJ +10:00* S37 53.2 E147
1750(254PSI)/T. TODA 18 11001′. TODA 36 34.1
10797′. ASDA 18 10197′. ASDA 36 10197′. ARO 0412 432 325. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03
MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 5153 2798. Apt Operator 03 5153 9500; 03
Customs. 5153 2897; Fax 03 5153 2897.
Prior permission required from aerodrome oper- 04/22 3612′ GRVL/SLD. PCN 11/F/B/
ator for all non-training flights and use of aero- 560(81psi)T. TODA 04 3816′. TODA 22 3816′.
drome as an alternate. Contact aerodrome RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
operator before hours (BH) at 03 5227 9100 13/31 2789′ SLD. PCN 11/F/B/550 (80PSI)/T.
and after hours (AH) at 03 5227 9470. TODA 13 2986′. TODA 31 2986′.
CAUTION: Bird Hazard exists. Balgo Hill
This AD ia a Security Controlled Airport 1440′ YBGO BQW +08:00 S20 08.9 E127
Jet A-1. Oxygen. 58.4
ABN. Fire 6. Apt Administration 0458 613 493, 08 9168
8900; Fax 08 9168 8950. ARO 08 9168 8996.
Ayers Rock
04/22 2270′ GRAVEL. TODA 04 2467′. TODA
1626′ YAYE AYQ +09:30 S25 11.2 E130
22 2467′.
58.5
15/33 5282′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 5479′. TODA
Apt Administration 08 8957 7888. ARO 08 8956
33 5479′. RL.
2020 diverts to 0428 881325; Fax 08 8956
2137. Apt Manager 08 8956 2020, 08 8956 Aircraft with more than 10 seats are required to
2630; Fax 08 8956 2545. contact AD operation 2 hours prior to arrival for
rwy inspection.
13/31 8527′ ASPHALT. PCN 37/F/A/
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 13 8724′. TODA 31 Ballarat
8724′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 1433′ YBLT +10:00* S37 30.7 E143 47.5
Rwy 31 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration 03 5320 5581; Fax 03 5338
All regular public transport and fixed base oper- 1494. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5339 6891. Apt
ators contact aerodrome operator for details. Operator 014 678176; 0418 137784.
CAUTION: Hazardous conditions exist for light 05/23 4150′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
acft when ldg on rwt arriving directly from over- 450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 05 4347′. TODA 23
seas airport require minimum 7 day dotice; all 4347′.
others require 24 hr notice by Email or FAX. 13/31 1864′ TURF. TODA 13 2060′. TODA 31
This AD ia a Security Controlled Airport 2060′.
Motor Gliders with a wing span greater than 49 18/36 4085′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
ft (15M) required to give airport 72 hr notice to 450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4281′. TODA 36
arrange parking, andshould also fold wings 4281′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
prior to entering the general aviation apron and Rwy 18 Right-Hand Circuit.
parkingarea.
F-4, Jet A-1.
AUSTRALIA
CAUTION: Blasting 3281' (1000m) north of rwy Apt Manager 050-201300.

18 thr, debris to 100' AGL. 08/26 2132′ TURF. TODA 08 2329′. TODA 26
In NIL wind conditions use Rwy 18. 2329′. RL.
Bird hazard. 18/36 3888′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 4085′. TODA
Apt restricted to acft below 12,566lbs (5700kg). 36 4085′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Acft above 12,566lbs (5700kg) and/or F-4.
450kPa(65PSI) tire pressure ctc AD OPR for
approval. Barcaldine
Twy C Max wing span is 49' (15m). 880′ YBAR BCI +10:00 S23 33.9 E145 18.4
AWIS activated by a 1 second transmission. Apt Operator 07 4651 5600, AH 0428 683 465.
F-4, Jet A-1. 01/19 5591′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/
1000 (145PSI) /T. TORA 01 5584′. TORA 19
Ballera 5584′. LDA 01 5584′. LDA 19 5584′. TODA 01
385′ YLLE +10:00 S27 24.5 E141 48.5 5781′. TODA 19 5781′. ASDA 01 5584′. ASDA
Apt Administration 08-465-6482; Fax 08 4655 19 5584′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
6400. 14/32 3658′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 14 3855′.
03/21 5905′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 30/F/A/ TODA 32 3855′.
1130(165 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6102′. TODA 21 Prior permision for all operations above
6102′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 44092lbs.
Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit. CAUTION: Bird and animal hazard exists.
ATND SKD PPR. This airport is a security controlled airport.
All aircraft turn at runway ends.
Ballina (Ballina/Byron Gateway)
No minimum radius turns.
7′ YBNA BNK +10:00* S28 50.0 E153 33.7
F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration PH 02-6686-4444. ARO
0414-482-584, 0400-327-134. Apt Operator Barimunya
6681-1858, fax 6681-1873. 2082′ YBRY +08:00 S22 40.4 E119 10.0
06/24 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ Apt Administration 08 9320 4259. Apt Manager
780 (113psi)/T. TODA 06 6430′. TODA 24 barimunyaairport@bhpbilliton.com.
6430′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 10/28 6365′ PAVED. PCN 29 F/A/
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. 1200 (174psi)/T. LDA 10 6168′. LDA 28 6168′.
Flying fox (bat) hazard exists aroung dusk. TODA 10 6562′. TODA 28 6562′. ASDA 10
Birds in vicinity of airport. 6562′. ASDA 28 6562′. RL. Pilot Controlled
ThisAD is a Security Controlled Airport. Lighting.
Landing fees for all aircraft. Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
Parachute ops may occur in drop zone in the All aircraft above 16535 lbs must roll through to
Ballina Township 1.8NM south of airport. turning nodes and carry out 180° turn.
F-4, Jet A-1. Barrow I
Balranald 26′ YBWX BWB +08:00 S20 51.9 E115 24.4
210′ YBRN BZD +10:00* S34 37.4 E143 03/21 6234′ ASPHALT. TODA 03 6430′. TODA
34.7 21 6430′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit. 15/33 4823′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/

Bird hazard, significantly increased bird activity 580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 15 5020′. TODA 33
after dusk and after rainfall. 5020′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
All aircraft PPR. Animals in vinity of airport.
CAUTION: 584 ft AMSL lighted tower 343 deg Aerodrome no available sunrise to sunset
mag 2.7 NM from ARP. except for medical emergencies and other air-
craft with prior notice to ARO 0417 818 869or
Baryulgil Police 0439 792 340.
398′ YBYL +10:00* S29 13.0 E152 36.9
Bedourie
Apt Administration Mobile 0418 341 797; Fax
03 9923 6464. ARO 02 6647 2101; Fax 02 300′ YBIE BEU +10:00 S24 20.8 E139 27.6
6647 2232. Apt Manager 07-4746-1202.
15/33 4900′ ASPHALT. 14/32 5938′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 9/F/A/
PPR Contact ARO 850 (123PSI)/T Sealed. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Bathurst This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
2435′ YBTH BHS +10:00* S33 24.6 E149
39.1 Bellevue
Apt Administration 02 6331 1622; Fax 6333 1555′ YBLU +08:00 S27 36.8 E120 35.6
6115. 0439 792 340. ARO 0408 639075, 6331 Apt Administration ssmith@xstrata-
1622. Apt Operator 0417 818 869. nickel.com.au. ARO H24 08 9066 4100; Fax 08
08/26 4314′ TURF/GRVL. TODA 08 4511′. 9066 4199.
TODA 26 4511′. 01/19 6562′ UNKNOWN. PCN 31/F/A/
17/35 5594′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 01 6758′. TODA 19
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5791′. TODA 35 6758′. PORT-RL.
5791′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Benalla
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. 569′ YBLA BLN +10:00* S36 33.1 E146 00.4
Frequent mowing operations occur within Apt Manager 057-621533. FAX (057) 625537.
runway strips during summer.
08R/26L 3422′ TURF/SLD. PCN 10/F/B/
Birds in vicinity of airport. 450(PSI65)/U. TODA 08R 3619′. TODA 26L
Occasional gliding operations during hours of 3619′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
day light. Rwy 08R Right-Hand Circuit.
AD not avail sunset to sunrise except for medi- 17R/35L 2356′ TURF. TODA 17R 2552′. TODA
cal emerg and other aircraft with PN to ARO 35L 2552′.
0417 818 869 or police 0439 792 340
Rwy 17R Right-Hand Circuit.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4. O/R.
Bathurst I
Bendigo
67′ YBTI BRT +09:30 S11 46.1 E130 37.2
705′ YBDG +10:00* S36 44.4 E144 19.8
ARO AH 08 8978 3832; Mobile 0417 818 869.
Apt Manager 03-54346000.
Apt Operator Airport Manager.
AUSTRALIA
05/23 2516′ ASPHALT. TODA 05 2713′. TODA 12/30 5259′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 12 5456′.
23 2713′. TODA 30 5456′. PORT-RL.
17/35 3724′ ASPHALT. PCN PCN 8/F/D/ CAUTION: Animal and birds hazard exists.
450 (65PSI)/T. TORA 35 4003′. TODA 17 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
3921′. TODA 35 4199′. ASDA 35 4003′. RL. F-4, Jet A-1.
Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. Blackwater
Animal hazard. 657′ YBTR BLT +10:00 S23 36.2 E148 48.4
PAL + AFRU requires three one-second pulses ARO 0408 763 356. Apt Manager 0467 761
to activate. 076. Apt Operator 0429 000 349.
F-4. 18/36 3816′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4547′. TODA 36
Birchip 4012′. RL.
340′ YBIR +10:00* S36 00.0 E142 55.0 Sunrise-Sunset,.
Apt Manager 1300 520 520; Fax 03 5493 7395. Possibility of kangaroos on movement area.
04/22 3422′ ASPHALT. LDA 22 3205′. TODA Blasting takes place at various sitentact (07)
04 3619′. TODA 22 3619′. RL. Pilot Controlled 49805725 to confirm blasting activity. By prior
Lighting. arrangement no blasting occurs one hour either
09/27 1719′ UNPAVED. TODA 09 1916′. TODA side of regular public transport movements.
27 1916′. Airportnot available Sunset-Sunrise except for
medical operations aircraft.
Birdsville
Private AD. AD subject to restricted operations.
159′ YBDV BVI +10:00 S25 53.8 E139 20.8
PPR required for all operations - contact 0477
ARO 07-4656-3220. Apt Operator 314 726.
07-4746-1202; 4656-3350.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
03/21 3937′ CLAY. RL.
14/32 5682′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/Boolgeeda
850 (123PSI) /U. TODA 14 5978′. TODA 32 1871′ YBGD +08:00 S22 32.4 E117 16.5
5879′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 08-9188-9102; Fax 08 9188
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 9010. ARO 0457 551 034, 08 9188 9222; Fax
F-4, Jet A-1. 08 9188 9010. Apt Manager 0457 520 895.
ABN. 08/26 5518′ UNKNOWN. PCN 8/F/B/
806 (117PSI) /T. TODA 08 5774′. TODA 26
Blackall 5715′.
928′ YBCK BKQ +10:00 S24 25.7 E145 25.7 Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration 07 4657 4222; Fax 4657 Restricted OPS: PPR from AD OPR (AD Man-
4726. ARO AH 4657 4470, 4657 4428, 4657 ager)
4311.
06/24 5538′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/ Borroloola
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 06 5735′. TODA 24 55′ YBRL BOX +08:00 S16 04.5 E136 18.1
5735′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Manager 08-8924-7202. 08-8924-7513.
02/20 3770′ GRAVEL.
AUSTRALIA
F-4, Jet A-1. 12/30 2956′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/

350 (51PSI) /U. TODA 12 3153′. TODA 30
Boulia 3153′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
542′ YBOU BQL +10:00 S22 54.8 E139 54.0 F-4.
ARO 0427-163-773. Apt Manager
07-4746-3188, AH 4746-3176, 4746-3179, Brewarrina
0427-128-212. 414′ YBRW BWQ +10:00* S29 58.4 E146
14/32 5909′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/ 49.0
730(106PSI)/U. TODA 14 6106′. TODA 32 Apt Manager 02-6839-2106.
6106′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 03/21 4547′ ASPHALT. TODA 03 4744′. TODA
Birds in vicinity of airport. 21 4744′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4.
Brisbane (Archerfield) Apt of Entry
Bourke 63′ YBAF +10:00 S27 34.2 E153 00.5
352′ YBKE BRK +10:00* S30 02.3 E145 ARO 3277-5722; Mobile 0414 233903; Fax
57.1 3277 6828. Apt Operator 07-3275-8000; Fax
Apt Administration 02 6830 8000; H24 0419 3275-8001; aac@archerfieldairport.com.au.
722 055 (AH). 04L/22R 4085′ DIRT. LDA 22R 3133′. TODA
05/23 6004′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 04L 4281′. TODA 22R 4281′.
580 (84PSI)/U. LDA 23 6099′. TODA 05 6201′. 04R/22L 3609′ DIRT. TODA 04R 3806′. TODA
TODA 23 6201′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 22L 3806′.
18/36 3281′ DIRT. TODA 18 3478′. TODA 36 10L/28R 4859′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
3478′. 1000 (145 PSI)/T. TORA 10L 4826′. TORA 28R
Animal and bird hazard exists. 4655′. LDA 10L 4826′. LDA 28R 4655′. TODA
All aircraft except regular public transport, must 10L 5023′. TODA 28R 4852′. ASDA 10L 4826′.
park in light aircraft area to west of taxiway and ASDA 28R 4655′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Light-
apron. ing.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 10R/28L 3609′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 10R 3806′.
TODA 28L 3806′.
24 hr AVGAS & JET A1-Shell Carnet Card
swipe. (Cash and Credit Card by arrangement. Customs.
Callout fee applies.) JET A1-Underwing refuel- Flying Foxes and birds in vicinity of apt.
ing available by arrangement. Significant increase in Flying Foxin vicinity of
F-4, Jet A-1. west boundary in the approach to Rwy 10.
Bowen
F-4, Jet A-1.
26′ YBWN ZBO +10:00 S20 01.2 E148 12.9
ABN.
Apt Operator 0407 672 404; 0417 762 235; 07
4945 5510. Brisbane (Brisbane Intl) Apt of Entry
04/22 4321′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/580 (84PSI) /U. 13′ YBBN BNE +10:00 S27 23.0 E153 07.0
LDA 22 3980′. TODA 04 4334′. TODA 22 4518′.
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
H24 07 3406 3072; Fax 3406 3116. Apt Man- 7375′. TODA 10 8261′. TODA 28 7966′. ASDA
ager 07 3406 3000; Fax 3406 3101. Apt Opera- 10 8064′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
tor H24 DUTY TERMINAL MGR 07 3406 3171. Runway 10 length for sunset to sunrise opera-
01/19 11680′ ASPHALT. PCN 108/F/D/1750/T. tions - Start of TORA at threshold runway 10
TORA 01 11483′. LDA 01 11483′. TODA 01 marked by red lights. Reduce TORA, TODA,
11877′. TODA 19 11877′. HIRL. HIALS. ASDA and LDA and supplementary distances
14/32 5774′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ by 90m (295 ft).
1000 (145PSI)/T. TORA 14 5577′. TORA 32 ATND SKD H24. Customs.
5577′. LDA 14 5577′. LDA 32 5577′. ASDA 14 CAUTION: Bird hazard exists.
5577′. ASDA 32 5577′. MIRL. CAUTION: Possiblity exists of poor radio propa-
ATND SKD H24. Customs. gation in the CTAF area from aircraft on ground
Birds in vicinity of airport. or operating low level.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. 48hrs prior notice required for parking aircraft
ABN. Fire 9. above 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) MTOW.
Itinerant roatary wing parking to Northern gen-
Broken Hill eral aviation apron.
959′ YBHI BHQ +09:30* S32 00.1 E141 28.3 Parachute jump activities take place June to
Apt Administration 08 8080 3300; Fax 08 8080 September.
3423. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 8087 4618. Pilots of arriving ACFT shall broadcast on the
05/23 8251′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ CTAF at 30 NM.
690 (100 PSI)/T. TODA 05 8449′. TODA 23 Pilots of outbound ACFT shall monitor the
8449′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. CTAF untill 30 NM.
14/32 3281′ SAND. TODA 14 3478′. TODA 32 Pilots are required to maintain the safety and
3478′. security of their passengersairside.
Birds & animals in vicinity of airport. Call sign refuel on frequency 129.9 Mhz, for
F-4, Jet A-1. both refuellers not always monitored.
Bronzewing F-4, Jet A-1.
1645′ YBWG +08:00 S27 21.9 E121 02.1 Fire 5.
Apt Administration 08 9214 1000 (Perth Office). Bunbury
Apt Manager 08 9026 8000; Fax 08 9026 8099. 53′ YBUN BUY +08:00 S33 22.7 E115 40.6
09/27 6693′ PAVED. RL. ARO 08-9792-7084, Emergency H24
Broome (Broome Intl) Apt of Entry 08-9792-7000.; Fax 08-9792-7184. Apt Opera-
tor 08-9792-7000.
56′ YBRM BME +08:00 S17 57.0 E122 13.7
07/25 3999′ ASPHALT. TORA 07 3330′. LDA
Apt Administration
07 3330′. LDA 25 3330′. TODA 07 3527′. TODA
08-9194-0600,0437-900-566, PH/AH
25 4196′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
0438-921-699, 0417-955; Fax 08 9194 0610.
ARO 0408-938-024. Ultralight and microlight operations sunrise to
sunset.
10/28 7769′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
145psi(1000kPa)/T. TORA 10 8064′. LDA 28 F-4, J.
AUSTRALIA
Bundaberg Parachute jumping operations on apt up to

107′ YBUD BDB +10:00 S24 54.2 E152 19.1 14000 ft.
Apt Administration 1300 883 699; 0418 750 Bird hazard exist.
565; H24 0418 796 991; Fax 07 4155 0924. Private charter acft notify ARO of ETA/EOBT
ARO 4155 1238 or 0418 796991, AH 0418 750 for bird hazard management prior to ARR/DEP.
565. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4155 1858. Standard operating hrs for acft greater
07/25 3701′ TURF. TODA 07 3898′. TODA 25 than12,566 lbs (5,700 KG) 0700-2200 (WST);
3898′. approval required from airport manager for
14/32 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 45/F/C/ operations outside these hrs.
204PSI (1410kPa)/T. TODA 14 6758′. TODA Security Controlled Airport
32 6758′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. All pilots and operators must possess and dis-
Increased flying fox activity in vicinity during twi- play a current Aviation Security Identification
light periods. Card (ASIC) when airside.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Fuel: U.
Ultralight ops take place within 1nmradius
Cairns (Cairns Intl) Apt of Entry
Booyan 14nm NW Bundaberg not above 1000'
AGL. 10′ YBCS CNS +10:00 S16 53.1 E145 45.3
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Manager 07 4080 6703; H24 07 4052 9744;
Fax 07 4080 6704.
ABN.
12/30 3035′ ASPHALT. AUW-13/0.5000 MPa.
Burketown TODA 12 3232′. TODA 30 3232′.
21′ YBKT BUC +10:00 S17 44.9 E139 32.1 Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Manager 07-4745-5100. after hours: 15/33 10354′ ASPHALT. PCN 90/F/D/
07-4745-5192, FAX: 07-4745-5181. 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TORA 33 10485′. TODA 15
03/21 4501′ ASPHALT. TODA 03 4698′. TODA 10682′. TODA 33 10682′. ASDA 33 10485′.
21 4698′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. HIRL. HIALS 15.
Animal activity. Rwy 33 Right-Hand Circuit.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Customs.
Glider Ops during daylight hrs during the dry Bird hazard exists.
season; Winched or towed to 3000ft. Rwy 12/30 not available at night.
F-4, Jet A-1. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Fuel Services available dailly 2000-0800Z, after
Busselton
hours with 1 hour prior notice. Phone 07 4035
55′ YBLN BQB +08:00 S33 41.2 E115 24.0 9686 (24H).
Apt Administration 08 9781 0444 AD 08 9754 F-4, Jet A-1.
2333; Mobile 0417 928916, 0407 993925, AH
ABN. Fire 8.
08 9754 6129, 9754 7319, 9752 4601.; Fax 08
9754 2300. Apt Manager Mobile 0419 046 601. Camden
03/21 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/A/ 230′ YSCN CDU +10:00* S34 02.4 E150
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6102′. TODA 21 41.2
6102′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 02 4655 8064 or 02 9796 35 10968′. ASDA 17 9787′. HIRL. HIALS 35.
2300; Fax 02 4655 9907. ARO 02 9796 2300. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
06/24 4803′ ASPHALT. AUW-6/0.6000 MPa. Last 1969' (600m) of rwy 17 not available for
LDA 24 3396′. TODA 06 5000′. TODA 24 5000′. landing.
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Customs.
Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit. PPR from AD OPR if ACN at MAX ACFT OPR
10/28 2372′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-6/0.6000 MPa. weight is greater than PCN or tire pressure is
TODA 10 2470′. TODA 28 2470′. greater then RWY listed value.
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. PN to AD OPR required for non-scheduled
Glider operations daylight. widebody ACFT movements.
On final App to all Rwys terrain may cause sig- Pavement Concessions REQ in advance from
nificant variations to wind speed and direction. AD OPR if ACN at MAX ACFT OPR weight
F-4, Jet A-1. (MTOW) is greater than PCN or tyre pressure is
greater than RWY listed value. PERM tyre
ABN.
pressure concession as per AIP-AD 1.1-48
Camooweal (Camooweal Ala) NOT AVBL.
780′ YCMW CML +10:00 S19 54.7 E138 5 working days PN required to AD OPR for
07.5 pavement concessions.
Apt Administration 07 4747 3200; Fax 07 4747 WI lateral and vertical limits of class C airspace
3209. ARO Mobile 0488 594 526. Apt Manager up to 5500'.
07 4747 3311. Class C airspace may be reactivated for
13/31 4062′ SLD. 5700/740 (107PSI). TODA 13 RPT/VIP ACFT at any time. Check NOTAM and
4160′. TODA 31 4190′. PORT-RL. ATIS for airspace status.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES:
Canberra Apt of Entry
1 Noise Abatement Procedures (NAP) apply.
1886′ YSCB CBR +10:00* S35 18.4 E149 Refer AIP DAP.
11.7
2ACFT departing Canberra CTR at or below
Apt Administration 02 6275 2222; Fax 02 6275 3500', are not required to make an airborne call
2244. to TWR. Remain on TWR FREQ within the
12/30 5508′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ CTR. On exit from the CTR, change FREQ and
1050 (152 PSI)/T. LDA 30 5295′. TODA 12 squawk code 1200 (MIL ACFT -6000).
5705′. TODA 30 5705′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled 3 CB TWR 118.7 is the Controlling Authority of
Lighting. the Canberra Class C airspace, up to and
CAUTION: Night operations Rwy 30 - high including 3500'.
ground to right of approach path. Pilots unfami- 4 To minimize delays, and subject to weather
liar with local terrain should limit descent to conditions, inbound fixed wing ACFT proposing
2400 ft until past lit mast on Disaster Hill. (BRG to enter Class C airspace should request clear-
120/1 NM from RWY 30 THR). ance at or ABV 4000' on the appropriate CB
17/35 10771′ ASPHALT. PCN 62/F/B/ APP FREQ.
1500 (218PSI) /T. TORA 17 8802′. LDA 17 5 For TFC management reasons, inbound
8802′. LDA 35 8802′. TODA 17 10797′. TODA ACFT may be positioned onto a 5 NM Final.
AUSTRALIA
Rotating beacon on Mt. Ainslie northwest of 18/36 3740′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/A/
apt. 700 (101 PSI)/U. TODA 18 3937′. PORT-RL.
HELOPR in CCT are parallel to and in close Birds on or in vicinity of airport.
proximity to RWY final. Subject to ATC clear- CAUTION: Radio mast 142 ft at 347 degs / 920
ance, helicopters may expect landing and M (0.5) nm FM ARP (Aerodrome Reference
departure clearance from HEL parking areas S Point)
of TWY C. ARR and DEP from the GA and RPT F-4, Jet A-1.
aprons not AVBL.
TWY K is suitable for acft with wingspan less Casino
than 79 ' (24m). 86′ YCAS CSI +10:00* S28 53.0 E153 04.0
TWY C suitable for acft ops at a ramp weight ARO 6662 5207, 6662 3278. Apt Manager 02
below 30,865lbs (14000KG) & max wingspan l 6660 0300, AH 0408 162750; Fax 6662 5198.
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. 10/28 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/D/
ABN. Fire 7. 580 (84 PSI)/T.
Due to the possibility of acft at opposite ends of
Cape Leveque the rwy not being visible toeach other, in NIL-
75′ YCLQ +08:00 S16 24.0 E122 55.9 wind conditions, operations should be confined
Apt Administration 08 091924970. to Rwy 10. Gliders and tugs operating SR-SS.
13/31 3675′ UNKNOWN. Fruit bat hazard may exist in circuit area. Main
Aircraft Landing Area only activity period is from last light to 1 1/2 hours
Prior permission required after last light between late December and end
of February.
CAUTION: Soft Edges
Powered para-gliding operating from airport.
CAUTION: After rain
Jet A-1.
CAUTION: AD not registered or certified. Regu-
lar NOTAM service not provided. Pilots and Ceduna
operators must check NOTAMS and CTC AD 77′ YCDU CED +09:30* S32 07.8 E133 42.6
operator directly to ensure currency and accu-
H24 (AWIS) 08-8625-3426. Apt Manager 0417
racy of AD movement areas & light info. Refer
713 574. Apt Operator 08-8628-7197.
to IAL DAP 1-4.
11/29 5735′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
Carnarvon 750 (110 PSI) T. TORA 11 5709′. TORA 29
13′ YCAR CVQ +08:00 S24 52.8 E113 40.3 5709′. LDA 11 5709′. LDA 29 5709′. TODA 11
Apt Administration 08 9941 1708, AH 9941 5905′. TODA 29 5905′. ASDA 11 5709′. ASDA
3332; Fax 08 9941 0099. ARO 08 9941 3033; 29 5709′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Mobile 0419 041 723. Apt Manager Fax 08 17/35 3327′ GRAVEL. UNRATED, GRAVEL.
9941 3033, 9941 4266; airport.supervisor@car- TODA 17 3524′. TODA 35 3524′. PORT-RL.
narvon.wa.gov.au. Bird hazard exists, particularly between August
04/22 5509′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/A/ and February.
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TORA 22 5387′. LDA 22 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
5387′. TODA 04 5705′. TODA 22 5640′. ASDA F-4, Jet A-1.
AUSTRALIA
Century Mine F-4, Jet A-1.

416′ YCNY +10:00 S18 45.2 E138 42.4
Christmas Creek
Apt Manager 0413 927 444.
1454′ YCHK CKW +08:00 S22 21.3 E119
14/32 5741′ PAVED. LDA 32 4626′. TODA 14 38.6
5938′. TODA 32 5938′. RL. PORT-RL.
ARO H24 08 91777291. Apt Manager 08
Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit. 91777290; ccairport@fmgl.com.au.
F-4, Jet A-1. 09/27 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/A/
Charleville 1000 (145PSI/U. TODA 09 8399′. TODA 27
8399′.
1003′ YBCV CTL +10:00 S26 24.8 E146
15.8 Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration 07 4656 8355, AH 0409 PPR: 24 hour prior notice required for all
343633. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4654 2861. unscheduled aircraft.
12/30 5000′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 7/F/B/ Aircraft marshalling provided for all aircraft
550 (80 PSI) /U. TODA 12 5499′. TODA 30 above 12566lbs (5700kg) MTOW.
5499′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. No aircraft fueling facilities available.
18/36 3500′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 3697′. TODA Christmas I Apt of Entry
36 3697′.
916′ YPXM XCH +07:00 S10 27.0 E105
Bird and animal hazard exists. 41.4
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Administration 08 9164 8498; Fax 08 9164
F-4, Jet A-1. 8485. Apt Manager 0447-109-144,
ABN. 0447-109-145; christmas.airport@toll-
group.com.
Chillagoe
18/36 6900′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/A/
1123′ YCGO LLG +10:00 S17 08.6 E144 1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 18 7100′. TODA 36
Apt Administration Fax 07-4092-5138. ARO Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
0407-735-835. Apt Manager 1-300-362-242.
ATND SKD 0000 - 1100 UTC. Customs.
17/35 3218′ SLD. Unrated. TODA 17 3415′.
Contact AD Manager for charges.
TODA 35 3415′. RL. PORT-RL.
All non RPT flights require 48 HR PN by FAX
Bird and animal hazard exists.
orEmail to AD Manager.
Chinchilla All ACFT arrivals at Christmas Island are trea-
1030′ YCCA CCL +10:00 S26 46.2 E150 ted as International arriving ACFT regardless of
37.0 last port (including arrivals from Australian
Apt Manager 0427-997-887, 07-4662-7056. mainland) and are subject to Customs and
Quarantine declaration.
03/21 1949′ CLAY. TODA 03 2047′. TODA 21
2047′. Birds in vicinity of airport.
14/32 3497′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/C/ Expect moderate turbulence on late final
850(123PSI)/U. TODA 14 3694′. TODA 32 approach when surface wind velocity above
3694′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 15kts - especially from easterly direction.
AUSTRALIA
OLS extensively infringed toWest of RWY and 08/26 4429′ ASPHALT. TODA 08 4626′. TODA
extended centerline - confine manoeuvring in 26 4626′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
IMC or Night to East of RWY. Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
Straight-in approaches permitted at night. Rec- 18/36 2936′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3035′. TODA
ommendthat acft arriving at night establish on 36 3035′. RL.
final of instrument approach procedure.
Preferred rwy for night ops is RWY 18. Cloncurry
No ARFFS provided 616′ YCCY CNJ +10:00 S20 40.1 E140 30.3
ASIC to be worn and clearly displayed on areas Apt Administration 07-4742-4100; Mobile
of the SCA 0428-181-981; Fax 07-4742-2888. ARO
07-4742-1235; On Call 07-4742-2200,
Jet A-1.
0427-739-842; Mobile 0428-181-981,
Clermont 0427-739-842.
908′ YCMT CMQ +10:00 S22 46.4 E147 06/24 3796′ ASPHALT. Unrated. TODA 06
37.2 3993′. TODA 24 3993′. PORT-RL.
Apt Administration 07 4983 4700; Fax 07 4983 12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/1200T.
2978. ARO 07 4983 4721; Mobile 0409 884 TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30 6758′. RL. Pilot Con-
494, 0418 791 597, 0419 688 600. trolled Lighting.
01/19 3504′ GRAVEL. TODA 01 3701′. TODA Birds and Flying Foxes in vicinity of airport.
19 3701′. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
15/33 4301′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/D/ F-4.
805(117PSI)/T. TODA 15 4498′. TODA 33 ABN.
Cobar
Caution: Blasting 3NM North of airport from
724′ YCBA CAZ +10:00* S31 32.3 E145
0930-1230LTand 1500-1700LT Mon, Tue, Thu,
47.6
Fri and 0700-1130LT and 1500-1700LT Wed,
Sat, Sun. Contact 0417 735 741/0409 884 494
ARO 0408-649-003. Apt Manager
0407-226-881; Fax 02-6836-1561.
All aircraft requiring to park or refuel on the
main apron must obtain prior permission from
05/23 5564′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/
the Isaac Council. 700(102PSI)/T. LDA 05 5272′. LDA 23 5272′.
TODA 05 5761′. TODA 23 5761′. RL. Pilot Con-
Acft greater than 12,566 LBS (5700KG) to
trolled Lighting.
apply to AD OPR for pavement concession.
Unrestricted OPR for acft 12,566 LBS (5700
17/35 4006′ CLAY/SAND. TODA 17 4203′.
KG) or below, and for medical emergency acft.
TODA 35 4203′.
Animals and birds in vicinity of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1, J. This Airport is a Security Controlled Airport.
Fuel Service 1 hr prior notice,call out fee
Cleve
applies.
589′ YCEE CVC +09:30* S33 42.6 E136
F-4, Jet A-1.
30.3
AWOS (AWIS) 08 8628 2871. Apt Manager
08-8628-2004.
AUSTRALIA
Cocos (Keeling) I (Cocos (Keeling) I Intl) 11/29 3966′ GRVL/SLD. PCN 8/F/B/
Apt of Entry 800 (116 PSI)/U. TODA 11 4163′. TODA 29
10′ YPCC CCK +06:30 S12 11.3 E096 49.8 4163′. PORT-RL.
Apt Administration Senior ARO 08 9162 6536, Bird and animal hazards exist.
(AH) 08 9162 7680 or 9162 6799; Fax Senior This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ARO 08 9162 6610; don.bridges@dot- F-4, Jet A-1.
ars.gov.cx. Apt Manager (located at Christmas
Coffs Harbour Apt of Entry
I) 08 9164 8498, (AH) 9164 7556; Mobile 08
9164 8111 Ext. 5498; Fax 08 9164 8485.
18′ YCFS CFS +10:00* S30 19.2 E153 07.0
15/33 8009′ ASPHALT. PCN PCN 17/F/A/
Apt Administration 02 6648 4000, AH 02 6651
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TORA 15 8008′. TORA 33
3740; Mobile 0418 869285; Fax 02 6648 4381.
8008′. LDA 15 8008′. LDA 33 8008′. TODA 15
ARO 0418 869285.
8205′. TODA 33 8209′. ASDA 15 8008′. ASDA
03/21 6824′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/
33 8008′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Light-
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 03 7021′. TODA 21
ing. 7021′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Customs. Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit.
CAUTION: Avoid overflying North Keeling
10/28 2785′ ASPHALT. LDA 10 2379′. TODA
Island - significant bird hazard. 10 2884′. TODA 28 2884′.
ShallWest between Twy D and Rwy 15 thresh-
Customs.
old.ow grassed open unlined drain located 154'
Coffs TWR Operates Coff Harbour Class D air-
(47m) offset of Rwy 15/33 centerline
space BLW 4500FT AMSL during TWR
All aircraft arrivals at Cocos I are treated as
HR;contact TWR for clearance in this airspace.
international arriving aircraftregardless of last
Outside TWR HR, Coff Harbour ClassD air-
port (including Australian mainland).
space reclassified to Class G.
Flight plan briefing and notification must be
TWR hours may change at short notice; check
made through Brisbane Brieifing Office.
status of Air Space with ATS or Coffs ATIS.
Met balloon ascent takes place on aerodrome
Brisbane Center 134.2 operates Coffs Harbour
0530 and 1730 LT daily. Class E airspace H24
During/following heavy rain, there may be deep
RPT aircraft may conduct straight-in
water across taxiways. approaches outside TWR hours.
A plain language message is required with ETA
SEV TURB off W end of Rwy 10/28 during
(local times) and full itinerary to the Senior ARO
strong winds.
36 hrs prior to arrival to ensure use of runways
RPT apron is security restricted. Passenger
for other purposes is suspended and personnel
screening applies in main RPT Terminal.
vacated. Unscreened access through charter lounge at
Jet A-1. N end of RPT Apron. All non-RPT aircraft must
obtain prior approval of AD OPR or FBO to gain
Coen
access to and from RPT apron. Charges apply.
533′ YCOE CUQ +10:00 S13 45.6 E143 FBO: 02 6652 2700 or AD OPR: 0418 869 285
06.8 (24 hr).
Apt Manager 07-4069-5444. Bird hazard exists.
AUSTRALIA
F-4, Jet A-1. Bird and animal hazard exists.

ABN. F-4, Jet A-1.
Collarenebri Coolah
500′ YCBR CRB +10:00* S29 31.3 E148 1654′ YCAH CLH +10:00* S31 46.4 E149
34.9 36.6
Apt Manager 02-6828-1399. FAX: Apt Manager 04-2977-1758; Fax
02-6828-1608. 04-6842-1337. Apt Operator 02-6849-2000.
04/22 2106′ TURF. 08/26 3524′ GRVL/TURF. TODA 08 3720′.
18/36 4003′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled TODA 26 3720′. RL.
Lighting.
Cooma-Snowy Mountains
No fuel or facilities available.
3106′ YCOM OOM +10:00* S36 18.0 E148
Condobolin 58.4
650′ YCDO CBX +10:00* S33 03.9 E147 AWOS H24 AWIS 02 6452 6256. Apt Manager
12.5 02 6452 5999; Fax 6452 3999.
Apt Administration 02-6895-1900. Apt Manager 14/32 2041′ GRAVEL. TODA 14 2238′. TODA
02-6895-2377. or 02-6895-4444. 32 2238′.
01/19 4501′ ASPHALT. TODA 01 4797′. TODA 18/36 6955′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/A/
19 5092′. ASDA 01 4600′. ASDA 19 4895′. RL. 580 (84PSI)/T. LDA 18 6722′. TODA 18 7152′.
Pilot Controlled Lighting. TODA 36 7152′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
10/28 3947′ GRAVEL. TODA 10 4150′. TODA Airport charges: $11.00/tonne-minimum $11 for
28 4150′. single engine acft, $22 for other acft. Helicop-
ters and ultra-lights: $5.50/tonne-minimum
Coober Pedy $5.50.
740′ YCBP CPD +09:30* S29 02.4 E134 Night landing fee: $22.00 from 2000 local.
43.2 Overnight parking $11/night-$33/week.
Apt Manager 08-8672-5298. Commercial Charters: 5 or more passengers-
04/22 4685′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled passenger tax $12.50/passenger arriving and
Lighting. departing. Tonnage fee or passenger tax apply-
14/32 2720′ TURF. PCN 6/F/B/700(102PSI)/U. whichever is higher. Charter flights require prior
TODA 14 2917′. TODA 32 2917′. notification.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
F-4, Jet A-1. Polo Flat airfield located adjacent to Cooma
Township and 9NM NE of Cooma - Snowy
Cooktown Mountains AD. Polo Flat has a separate ERSA
26′ YCKN CTN +10:00 S15 26.7 E145 11.1 entry.
Apt Administration 07 4069 5444, AH 07 4069 F-4, Jet A-1.
5360. ABN.
11/29 5338′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/B/
800 (116 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5535′. TODA 29 Coominya
5535′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 300′ YBCM +10:00 S27 23.5 E152 27.7
AUSTRALIA
Apt Manager 07 5426 4614; Mobile 0413 452 Apt Administration 08 6224 4259; Fax 08 6224
547. 4099. ARO 08 9126 8150; 08 9126 8430; 08
04/22 1312′ UNKNOWN. 9126 8431.
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. 08/26 6824′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/B/
12/30 3281′ UNKNOWN. 500 (73PSI)/T. TORA 08 6398′. TORA 26
6332′. LDA 08 5905′. LDA 26 5905′. TODA 08
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit.
6890′. ASDA 08 6398′. ASDA 26 6332′. RL.
PPR
Restricted OPS. PPR from AD Manager.
Animal hazard exists.
Avoid model acft 4921' (1500m) NE of airport. Cootamundra
F-6. 1110′ YCTM CMD +10:00* S34 37.4 E148
01.7
Coonabarabran Apt Manager 02-6942-2744. FAX:
2117′ YCBB COJ +10:00* S31 19.9 E149 02-6942-3690.
16.0 10/28 2805′ TURF. UNRATED,
Apt Manager 02 6842 1944. GRASSED BLACK CLAY. TODA 10 3002′.
01/19 2129′ GRASS. TODA 01 2326′. TODA 19 TODA 28 3002′.
2326′. Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit.
11/29 4987′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 16/34 4613′ ASPHALT. PCN 2/F/B/
580(84PSI)/T. TODA 11 5482′. TODA 29 5282′. 650 (94PSI)/T. LDA 34 3694′. TODA 16 4810′.
ASDA 11 5285′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. TODA 34 4810′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. F-4.
F-4.
Corowa
Coonamble 469′ YCOR CWW +10:00* S35 59.4 E146
604′ YCNM CNB +10:00* S30 59.0 E148 21.1
22.5 Apt Administration 02 6033 1277; Fax 02 6033
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6822 4049. Apt Man- 3317.
ager 02-6822-1333. 05/23 5994′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
05/23 5010′ ASPHALT. TODA 05 5207′. TODA 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 05 6191′. TODA 23
23 5207′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 6191′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
12/30 1903′ TURF. TODA 12 2100′. TODA 30 14/32 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
2100′. 580 (84 PSI)/U. LDA 32 4852′. TODA 14 5197′.
CAUTION: Birds and animals in vicinity of air- TODA 32 5197′.
port. Bird hazard exists.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Parachute jumping exercises within 5nm of air-
F-4. port up to10000 ft SR-SS.
Gliders fly right hand circuits for rwys 05 and
Coondewanna 14.
2327′ YCWA +08:00 S22 58.0 E118 48.8
AUSTRALIA
Corryong Cudal
963′ YCRG CYG +10:00* S36 11.0 E147 1610′ YCUA +10:00* S33 16.7 E148 45.8
53.3 Apt Manager 02-6361-5815. Fax # 063-615815.
ARO BH 02 6076 2012, 0418 648 412; Fax 09/27 4446′ SLD. TODA 09 4622′. TODA 27
6076 2197. Apt Manager 02 6071 5100 (H24); 4622′. RL.
Fax 02 6071 2747. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
06/24 4596′ ASPH/GRVL. LDA 06 4340′. LDA
24 4308′. TODA 06 4793′. TODA 24 4793′. Cue
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. 1450′ YCUE CUY +08:00 S27 26.8 E117
F-4. 55.1
Apt Administration 08 9963 8600; Fax 08 9963
Cowell 1085. ARO 0427 074 201.
127′ YCWL CCW +09:30* S33 40.0 E136 04/22 6499′ GRAVEL. PCN 12/F/C/
53.5 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 6696′. TODA 22
ARO 0427 973 219. Apt Manager 08 8629 6696′. PORT-RL.
2231; Fax 08 8629 2152. 11/29 3271′ SAND. TODA 11 3468′. TODA 29
04/22 3898′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 04 4094′. 3468′. PORT-RL.
TODA 22 4094′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Portable runway lights emergency only.
12/30 3468′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 12 3665′.
TODA 30 3665′. Cunderdin
17/35 4829′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 17 5026′. 705′ YCUN +08:00 S31 37.3 E117 13.0
TODA 35 5036′. Apt Administration admin@cunder-
din.wa.gov.au. ARO 0409-686-938. Apt Man-
Cowra ager 08-9635-1005; Fax 08-9635-1464.
966′ YCWR CWT +10:00* S33 50.7 E148 05/23 6040′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 10/F/A/
38.9 850 (123 PSI)/T. TODA 05 6237′. TODA 23
Apt Administration 02 6340 2000; Fax 02 6340 6237′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
2011. ARO 02 6340 2069. 14/32 4951′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 10/F/A/
03/21 3825′ TURF. TODA 03 4022′. TODA 21 850 (123 PSI)/T. TODA 14 5148′. TODA 32
4022′. 5148′.
15/33 5348′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ PPR
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 15 5597′. TODA 33
5643′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Cunnamulla
F-4, Jet A-1. 630′ YCMU CMA +10:00 S28 01.8 E145
37.3
Croker I ARO 07-4655-1777, AH 04-2755-1732. Apt
51′ YCKI CKI +08:00 S11 09.9 E132 29.0 Operator 07-4655-8400; Fax 07-4655-1647.
Apt Manager 08-89790299. 06/24 2999′ ASPHALT. TODA 06 3196′. TODA
13/31 4701′ SAND. TODA 13 4898′. TODA 31 24 3196′. PORT-RL.
4898′. 12/30 5686′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 12 5883′. TODA 30
AUSTRALIA
Kangaroos on airport. DeGrussa

Radio mast 857 ft MSL 5 NM from airport bear- 1823′ YDGU +13:00 S25 33.5 E119 17.3
ing 131 degrees magnetic. Apt Administration site.admin@sand-
F-4. fire.com.au. Apt Manager 08 6141 1729.
09/27 6299′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/A/
Curtin
1000(145psi)/T. RL.
300′ YCIN DCN +08:00 S17 34.9 E123 49.7
PPR: must be requested at least 72HR befor
Apt Administration 08 9191 1433. operations.
11/29 10003′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/A/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 11 11004′. TODA 29 Delamere
10971′. ASDA 11 10207′. ASDA 29 10203′. 730′ YDWF +10:00 S15 44.7 E131 54.4
MIRL. Apt Administration PH 08 8977 0541; Fax 08
Kangaroos and birds in vicinity of airport. 8977 0555.
F-4, Jet A-1. 09/27 3700′ GRVL/CLAY.
AVGAS available.
Darlot
Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
1513′ YDLO +08:00 S27 52.4 E121 16.3
ARO AH 08 9080 3428; H24 08-9080-3520; Deniliquin
Toll Free 08 9080 3409. Apt Manager 08 9080 316′ YDLQ DNQ +10:00* S35 33.6 E144
3425. Apt Operator 08-9080-3500. 56.8
14/32 6460′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/ ARO 0408 819798. AWOS (AWIS)
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 14 6657′. TODA 32 03-5881-5807. Apt Manager 03 5898 3000.
6650′. 06/24 3999′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/D/
Jet A-1. 580 (84PSI) /T. TODA 06 4491′. TODA 24
4491′. ASDA 06 4196′. ASDA 24 4196′. RL.
Darwin (Darwin Intl) Apt of Entry
103′ YPDN DRW +09:30 S12 24.9 E130
52.6 12/30 4879′ TURF/CLAY. TODA 12 5075′.
TODA 30 5075′.
Apt Administration 08 8920 1811, BH 08 8920
1800; H24 08 8920 1852; Fax 08 8920 1800. Bird hazard exsists.
11/29 11004′ ASPHALT. PCN 81/F/C/ F-4.
1750(254 PSI)/T. TODA 11 11299′. TODA 29 Denmark
11299′. HIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS 29.
230′ YDEK +08:00* S34 56.8 E117 23.8
18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/C/
Apt Administration 08 9848 0300; On Call AH
1050(152 PSI)/U. TODA 18 5197′. TODA 36
Emergency 0419 949 733. Apt Operator Airstrip
5197′. PORT-RL.
08 9848 1334. Ground Services 08 9848 2055,
ATND SKD H24. Customs. 08 9848 2295.
Bird hazard exists. 09/27 3950′ BITUMEN. RL.
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. Public Telephones and Toilets.
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. Hills to the West.
ABN. Fire 8.
AUSTRALIA
AD used as forward base foraerial water bomb- Donald

ers in event of regional brushfires. Use caution, 409′ YDOD +10:00* S36 21.6 E143 00.4
park on grass during water bomber OPS. Apt Administration 1300 520 520; Fax 03 5493
No fuel at airport. 7395.
ACFT greater than 4409LBS (2000KG) make 09/27 3826′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 09 4023′. TODA
wide radius turns while on RWY, no pivot turns. 27 4023′. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Derby 18/36 2585′ TURF. TODA 18 2782′. TODA 36
2782′.
24′ YDBY DRB +10:00 S17 22.2 E123 39.6
Apt Administration 08 9191 1706; On Call 08 Doomadgee
9191 1479, 9191 1623, 9193 1310, 9191 1184; 159′ YDMG DMD +10:00 S17 56.4 E138
Mobile 0408 011433. 49.3
05/23 3799′ PAVED. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. Apt Administration 07 4745 8188; Fax 07 4745
11/29 5695′ ASPHALT. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. 8185. ARO 07 4745 8333.
TODA 11 5991′. TODA 29 5991′. RL. Pilot Con- 12/30 5449′ SLD. PCN 10/F/B/850 (123 PSI)/U.
trolled Lighting. TODA 12 5630′. TODA 30 5630′. RL. Pilot Con-
Birds in vicinity of airport. trolled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1. F-4, Jet A-1.
Devonport Dubbo
33′ YDPO DPO +10:00* S41 10.2 E146 25.8 935′ YSDU DBO +10:00* S32 13.0 E148
Apt Administration 03 6421 4911. 34.5
06/24 6030′ ASPHALT. PCN Apt Administration 02 6801 4000; Fax 6801
29/F/C/
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 06 6227′. TODA 24 4119. ARO 0417 717 871: 6801 4560.
6227′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 05/23 5604′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/
Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit. 700 (101 PSI)/U. TODA 05 5801′. TODA 23
14/32 2887′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 3084′. TODA 5801′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
32 3084′. Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit.
Birds in vicinity of airport. 11/29 3501′ PAVED. TODA 11 3698′. TODA 29
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 3698′.
F-4, Jet A-1. Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit.
ABN. ATND SKD H24. Customs.
Bird and animal hazard (kangaroos and walla-
Dochra (Dochra (Military)) bies) exists.
228′ YDOC Mil. +10:00* S32 39.0 E151 12.5 PJE ACT WI 2NM of airport, exit height up to
Apt Administration 02 6575 0345. 14,000 ft. Drop aircraft will broadcast on man-
18/36 3281′ GRAVEL. datory broadcast zone frequency prior to drop.
ATND SKD 48hr PN from Range control ph: Right hand circuits runways 23 and 29 whenair-
065-788396. line training in progress.
CAUTION: Animal hazard exists. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
F-4, Jet A-1.
AUSTRALIA
ABN. Echuca
323′ YECH ECH +10:00* S36 09.4 E144
East Sale (East Sale (Military))
45.7
23′ YMES SXE Mil. +10:00* S38 05.9 E147
Apt Manager 03-54812200. Fax: 03-54812290.
09.0
05/23 1673′ GRAVEL.
ATC 03 5146 7214; Fax 03 5146 7217.
17/35 3615′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/
04/22 7993′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/
800 (PSI 116)/T. TODA 17 3812′. TODA 35
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 04 7995′. TORA 22
7995′. LDA 04 7995′. LDA 22 7995′. TODA 04
8192′. TODA 22 8192′. ASDA 04 7995′. ASDA F-4.
22 7995′. MIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS 22. Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military))
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. 67′ YPED +09:30* S34 42.1 E138 37.2
09/27 7316′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/ AWOS (AWIS) 08 7383 2417. Apt Manager
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 09 7513′. TODA 27 08-2562222.
7513′. MIRL. PORT-RL.
04/22 6437′ TURF. TODA 04 6634′. TODA 22
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. 6634′. RL.
ATND SKD 2200-1200 Mon-Thur, 2200-0500 Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit.
Fri, other times and public holidays MBZ proce-
18/36 8399′ ASPHALT. PCN 44/F/C/
dures apply. After hrs 48 hr prior notice except
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 18 8596′. TODA 36
for scheduled movements. Facilities may be
8596′. ASDA 18 8481′. ASDA 36 8487′. MIRL.
unmanned during promulgated hr. Duty Con-
troller available - 03-5146-6111. Rwy 18 Right-Hand Circuit.
Glider flying - SR-SS Sat, Sun & Hols. Wire ATND SKD Mon-Thu 2230-1330, Fri
launching. Pilots are to avoid overflying airport. 2230-0730, other times as required. Customs.
Civil aircraft landings not permitted without prior PPR for all Civilian acft. Call 08 7383 3247 or
approval from CFS operations on 03 5146 7383 2114.
7334. Fire 6 avbl 2215-1330 Mon-Fri, 2215-0730 Fri,
Pilots are to include their approval number on After hours and Public holidays Fire 4.
their flight plan. CAUTION: Birds vicinity of airport.
Significant large bird hazard exists up to 3000ft CAUTION: Railway .16nm S of rwy 18/36.
AMSL around airport and adjacent wetlands. C17 and similar HVY ACFT requiring backtrack
Maximum hazards Spring and Summer. on RWY 18/36 are to utilise the concrete ends
Militaryaircraft may conduct aerobatic and of RWY 18/36 for turning, unless directed other-
abrupt maneuvers within proximity of the aero- wise by ATC.
drome. CTAF OPS: Due to terrain shielding vehicles
Limited Ground Support Equipment available. and aircraft com limited when communicating-
Contact ESL BP 03 5146 6888 for availability. directly from opposite ends of Rwy 18/36. Air-
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. craft with known limited ground com (EG PC9)
and all vehicles are required to enter Rwy 18/36
ABN. Fire 5.
from Twy K, F or C. Aircraft with multi antennae
must use upper antennae for CTAF com.
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
AUSTRALIA
ABN. Fire 6. 11/29 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/

1034 (150PSI)/T. TODA 11 6234′. TODA 29
Elcho I 6234′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
101′ YELD ELC +09:30 S12 01.2 E135 34.2 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Apt Administration 08-8987-9040, fax Jet A-1.
08-8987-9212. Apt Manager H24
0458-898-944; mya.manager@marthakal.org. Fitzroy Crossing
10/28 4724′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/ 368′ YFTZ FIZ +08:00 S18 10.9 E125 33.5
A 580 (84psi)/U. TODA 10 4921′. TODA 28 Apt Manager 08-9191-5068. FAX 091-911221.
4921′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 01/19 4265′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
Possibility of animals on movement area. 1000 (145PSI)/T. LDA 01 4242′. TODA 01
Animals in vincinity of airport. 4462′. TODA 19 4462′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Emerald
AWIS (PHONE) 08 9191 5983
624′ YEML EMD +10:00 S23 34.0 E148
10.7
F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Manager 0408 194913, 0407 331542, 0409
794912. Apt Operator 07 4980 4941. Flinders I
06/24 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/D/ 34′ YFLI FLS +10:00* S40 05.5 E147 59.6
1350 (196 PSI)/T. TODA 24 6430′. RL. Pilot Apt Administration 03 6359 2144, 0428 592
Controlled Lighting. 144; Fax 6359 2145. ARO 0429 813 929.
15/33 3038′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. TODA 15 AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 6359 2351.
3235′. TODA 33 3235′. 05/23 3510′ SLD. PCN 7/F/B/610 (88 PSI)/T.
All C130 operations require prior approval and LDA 23 3327′. TODA 05 3707′. TODA 23 3707′.
pavement concession. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit.
For current fees and charges http:// 14/32 5643′ SLD. PCN 7/F/B/610 (88 PSI)/T.
www.chrc.qld.gov.au. TODA 14 5840′. TODA 32 5840′. RL. Pilot Con-
Fuel card swipe available. 24HR PN required trolled Lighting.
for non RPT services and for services after Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit.
hours, Saturday, Sunday and public holiday. Bird and kangaroo hazard exists.
F-4, Jet A-1, Fuel: U. Night landings rwy 23 not authorized, night
Esperance takeoffs rwy 05 not authorized.
470′ YESP EPR +08:00 S33 41.1 E121 49.4 AWIS 134.4 activated by 1 second transmis-
sion.
Apt Administration 08 9071 0666; airport@esp-
erance.wa.gov.au. ARO 0428 935 618. AWOS This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
H24 (AWIS) 08 9075 4070. Apt Manager AH 08 Fuel service - 48HR prior notice required.
9075 4075, 0428 935618; Fax 08 9075 4004. F-4, Jet A-1.
03/21 3865′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/B/ ABN.
550 (80 PSI)/T. TODA 03 4062′. TODA 21
4062′.
AUSTRALIA
Forbes Land prior permission only. Rwy 30 Land prior

760′ YFBS FRB +10:00* S33 21.8 E147 permission only.
56.1 PPR 24HR PN required for all unscheduled air-
Apt Administration 02 6850 2875. ARO 0418 craft.
972 063 or 02 6850 2881. AWOS AWIS 02 Jet A-1.
6851 4090.
Garden Point
09/27 4029′ ASPHALT. TODA 09 4226′. TODA
27 4226′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 90′ YGPT GPN +09:30 S11 23.9 E130 25.5
F-2. ARO Mobile 0400 271 228. Apt Manager
08-89783988; Fax PH 08 8978 3803.
Forrest 04/22 4314′ SAND/GRVL. Unrated. TODA 04
511′ YFRT FOS +08:00 S30 50.3 E128 06.9 4511′. TODA 22 4511′. Pilot Controlled Light-
Apt Manager 9022-6403; Fax 9022-6413; ing.
info@forrestairport.com.au. Apt Operator PH This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
08-9201-0034; Fax PH 9201-0074.
Gayndah
27 4623′. 369′ YGAY GAH +10:00 S25 36.9 E151
37.2
36 6001′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration AH 0409 060 956; Fax 07
4161 1425. ARO 07 4161 1425. Apt Manager
F-4, Jet A-1.
07-4161-1377.
ABN.
06/24 4150′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/B/
Forrestania 8000/580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 06 4347′. TODA 24
1366′ YFTA +08:00 S32 34.7 E119 42.4 4347′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Administration rsloan@westernar- Georgetown
eas.com.au. ARO 08 9891 0200, 08 9891 995′ YGTN GTT +10:00 S18 18.3 E143 31.8
0207, 08 9891 0218. Apt Manager
Apt Manager 07-4062-1233. or 07-54821277.
08-9334-7777 BH; Fax 08-9891-0201,
08-9891-0250. 06/24 3799′ ASPHALT.
PCN 5700/735 (107PSI). TODA 06 3996′.
15/33 5020′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/
TODA 24 3996′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
800 (116PSI)/U. TODA 15 5216′. TODA 33
5216′. RL. PORT-RL. CAUTION: AD Not registered or certified. Reg-
ular NOTAM service not provided. Pilots and
AD fenced.
operators must check NOTAMS and CTC AD
Fortescue Dave Forrest OPR directly to ensure currency and accuracy
1565′ YFDF +08:00 S22 17.5 E119 26.2 of AD movement areas and light info. Refer to
IAL DAP 1-4
Apt Administration Fax 08 9176 6610;
fdf@fmgl.com.au. ARO H24 0437 488 818. Apt F-4, Jet A-1.
Manager 08 9176 6485. Geraldton
12/30 7546′ ASPHALT. PCN 27/F/A/ 121′ YGEL GET +08:00 S28 47.8 E114 42.5
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 12 7743′. TODA 30
7743′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 12
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 08 9923 3207, 0417 187023; 6578′. TODA 28 6496′. ASDA 10 6381′. ASDA
manager@geraldtonairport.com.au. ARO 28 6299′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
0417-187-023, 0438-628-004, 0439-930-224. Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit.
03/21 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/ Possibility of flying foxes in the vicinity of aero-
1600 (230 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6696′. TODA 21 drome, particularly at dusk to dawn.
6696′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Due to limited parking, non-scheduled aircraft
08/26 2953′ GRAVEL. TODA 08 3150′. TODA above 12, 566 lbs MTOW & Jet aircraft 48 hrs
26 3150′. notice required.
14/32 2769′ GRAVEL. TODA 14 2966′. TODA CAUTION: High intensity lighting in vicinity of
32 2966′. railway on approach to Rwy 10.
Bird hazard exists. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
For operations west of Geraldton refer to ERC Fuel services available 2030 - 0500. After hrs
L8 for lateral bounds of Abrolhos Islands; all call out fee will apply, PN required.
operations on the Abrolhos Islands - CTAF F-4, Jet A-1.
127.1 MHz.
ABN.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Glen Innes
Gibb River
3433′ YGLI GLI +10:00* S29 40.5 E151 41.4
1669′ YGIB GBV +08:00 S16 25.4 E126
26.7
10/28 5499′ GRAVEL. PCN 12 /F /C /
07/25 3497′ UNKNOWN.
580 (84PSI) /U. TODA 10 5696′. TODA 28
ATND SKD PPR. 5696′.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 14/32 4915′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/C/
Gingin 580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 14 5705′. TODA 32
5912′. ASDA 14 5509′. ASDA 32 5715′. RL.
247′ YGIG +08:00 S31 27.9 E115 51.8
08/26 5997′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 08 6522′. TODA 26
6998′. ASDA 08 6194′. ASDA 26 6194′. RL. Gold Coast Apt of Entry
ATND SKD 0030-0830 Mon-thu 0030-0700 fri. 21′ YBCG OOL +10:00 S28 09.9 E153 30.3
Animal hazard exists. Apt Administration BH 07 5589 1100; H24 0407
Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. 755722; Fax 07 5536 2838.
Fire 4. 14/32 8176′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/A/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 14 7684′. LDA 14
Gladstone 7684′. LDA 32 6699′. TODA 14 7880′. TODA 32
59′ YGLA GLT +10:00 S23 52.2 E151 13.4 8373′. ASDA 14 7684′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled
Apt Administration 07 4977 8800; On Call 07 Lighting.
4978 2201; Fax 07 4978 1314. Ground Serv- Full length Departures Rwy 32 require 30
ices H24 07 4978 2201. minute prior notice for Airport management
10/28 6447′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/B/ approval. Contact Airport Safety Officer on
1400 (2030 PSI)/T. TORA 10 6381′. TORA 28 0407-755-722 or via ATC relay on 121.8 MHz.
6299′. LDA 10 6037′. LDA 28 5643′. TODA 10
AUSTRALIA
Acft departing Rwy 32 must use Twy K inter- Apt Manager 07-4671-1512.
section for departure.Declared distances for 04/22 4396′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 4/F/B/
Twy K Departure: TORA/ASDA 7684'(2342M), 100psi(690kPa)/U. TODA 04 4593′. TODA 22
TODA 7881' (2402M), LDA 6699' (2042M). 4593′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
17/35 1909′ ASPHALT. TODA 17 2106′. TODA 12/30 2608′ CLAY.
35 2008′. F-4.
Customs.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Goulburn
For Noise Abatement Procedures see Gold 2141′ YGLB GUL +10:00* S34 48.6 E149
Coast page 10-4. 43.6
PAL + AFRU requires three one-second pulses ARO 0403-368-933. AWOS (AWIS)
to activate. PAL + AFRU activates MIRL only. 02-4823-6005. Apt Manager 02-4823-0444.
F-4, Jet A-1. 04/22 4209′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
ABN. Fire 8.
08/26 2218′ DIRT.
Golden Grove AWIS Activated by a 1 second transmission.
1183′ YGGE +08:00 S28 45.9 E116 58.3 h to 4500FT. Gliding FREQ 122.150 and CTAF
Apt Operator 08 9956 4222; Fax Airport Man- 127.150 monitored when airborne.
ager. F-4, Jet A.
11/29 4580′ SLD. PCN 7/F/A/805 (117PSI)/U.
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 11 Land prior Gove
permission only. Rwy 29 Land prior permission 205′ YPGV GOV +09:30 S12 16.2 E136
only. 49.1
Apt Administration 08 8939 2200, 08 8987
Goodooga 1370; Fax 08 8987 1516, 08 8987 2451. ARO
459′ YGDA +10:00 S29 04.4 E147 22.6 0448 863 903; Mobile 0407 619 350, 0418 839
ARO AH 0429 392 001. Apt Manager 664, 0447 801 141.
02-6839-2106. 13/31 7244′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/
12/30 3399′ GRAVEL. TODA 12 3596′. TODA 1150 (167 PSI)/T. TODA 13 7441′. TODA 31
30 3596′. 7441′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Goolwa
104′ YGWA +09:30* S35 28.9 E138 45.1 Grafton
Apt Manager 08-8555-4030: 0427-812-422. 110′ YGFN GFN +10:00* S29 45.6 E153
01/19 3576′ DIRT. 01.8
Rwy 01 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration 02 66430200, AH 02
ATND SKD PPR. 66433886; Mobile 0408 662244; Fax 02
66427647. ARO 02 66425785; Mobile 0417
Fuel: U.
664846.
Goondiwindi 18/36 5607′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
714′ YGDI GOO +10:00* S28 31.3 E150 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5804′. TODA 36
AUSTRALIA
Extensive light and ultralight aircraft activity Airport is an aboriginal reserve and a permit is
Northwest of airport. required to proceed past airport.
CAUTION: Fruit bats in vicinity of airport from F-4, Jet A-1.
last light to 1 1/2 hours after last light between
mid February and the end of April. Gunnedah
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 863′ YGDH GUH +10:00* S30 57.7 E150
15.0
AVGAS by tanker SR-SS weekdays, callout
weekends 1 hour prior notification phone 0401 Apt Administration 02 6740 2100; Fax 6740
940 070. After hours callout fee may apply. 2119. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6742 5323.
Jet A-1. 11/29 5400′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5597′. TODA 29
Griffith 5597′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
439′ YGTH GFF +10:00* S34 15.0 E146 Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit.
04.0 17/35 1942′ TURF. TODA 17 2139′. TODA 35
ARO 0419-167-741. AWOS H24 AWIS 02 6962 2139′.
7636. Apt Manager 02-6962-8100. Birds in vicinity of airport.
06/24 5590′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/ Security controlled airport.
1400(203 PSI)/T. TODA 06 5889′. TODA 24 F-4, Jet A-1.
18/36 1969′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 18 2165′. Halls Creek
TODA 36 2165′. 1346′ YHLC HCQ +08:00 S18 14.0 E127
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 40.2
ARO 08 0437 170. AWOS 08 9168 5513. Apt
Entry to the main passenger terinal from airside
Manager Fax 08 9168 623. Apt Operator 08
is available during repeat operations. Access to
landside outside these hours is via the keypad9168 6007: 0427 196 915: 0439 092 726: 0407
993 407, AH 9168 6122: 0427 196 915: 0407
conjtrolled gates located at the western end of
the terminal or next to the Griffith Aeroclub 993 407. Ground Services 08 9168 6007, AH.
located at the end of taxiway A. 04/22 4839′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
F-4, Jet A-1. 1000(145PSI)/T. TODA 04 5036′. TODA 22
Groote Eylandt 08/26 3104′ GRAVEL. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa.
53′ YGTE GTE +09:30 S13 58.5 E136 27.6 TODA 08 3202′. TODA 26 3202′.
Apt Administration 08 8987 4444; Fax 08 8987 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
4300. ARO H24 0447 866 322; 08 8987 7108; All aircraft landing RWY 04/22 to use full length
Fax 08 8987 7106. of RWY. 180° turns at RWY ends only.
10/28 6237′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/ F-4, Jet A-1.
700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6434′. TODA 28
6434′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Hamilton
Bird hazard exists at SR-SS. 803′ YHML HLT +10:00* S37 38.9 E142
CAUTION: Blasting may take place during day- 03.9
light. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5574 8276. Apt Man-
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission. ager 03-5573-0444.
AUSTRALIA
10/28 4045′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/B/ 11/29 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 26/F/B/
400(58 PSI)/U. TODA 10 4242′. TODA 28 1400 (203PSI)/T. TODA 11 6758′. TODA 29
4242′. 6758′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
17/35 4606′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ Flying foxes and birds in vicinity of airport.
600(87 PSI)/U. TODA 17 4803′. TODA 35 Parachute jumping activity within 5 NM of apt.
4803′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Hobart (Cambridge)
Hamilton I (Hamilton I.) 67′ YCBG +10:00* S42 49.6 E147 28.5
15′ YBHM HTI +10:00 S20 21.5 E148 57.1 Apt Operator 03-6248-5490; Fax
Apt Administration 07 4946 8615 or 4946 8031. 03-6248-5714.
ARO 0414 594592. 09/27 3648′ ASPHALT. LDA 09 3028′. LDA 27
14/32 5787′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/A/ 3333′. RL.
1105 (166 PSI)/T. LDA 14 5590′. LDA 32 5590′. Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
TODA 14 6033′. TODA 32 5984′. RL.
14/32 3225′ ASPHALT. LDA 32 2887′.
PPR, PN for lighting.
Fuel: Daily 2200-0700; Requires prior notice on
ACFT carrying livestock or Dangerous Goods weekends between May and Sep.
Class 1 explosives require prior approval from
F-4.
AD OPR.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Hobart Apt of Entry
Parachuapproach surafces.te jumping in vicinity 13′ YMHB HBA +10:00* S42 50.2 E147 30.6
of airport. Apt Administration 03 6216 1600.
CAUTION: Yacht masts may infringe Rwy 12/30 7385′ ASPHALT. PCN 63/F/D/
14/32 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 12 8041′. TODA 30
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 8074′. ASDA 12 7582′. ASDA 30 7582′. HIRL.
F-4, Jet A-1. HIALS 12. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Hay
Customs.
305′ YHAY HXX +10:00* S34 31.9 E144
Birds in vicinity of apt.
49.8
During conditions of less than Cat 1 minima,
Apt Manager 02-6993-1003. Fax: 02-69931288.
only 1 aircraft is permitted on the maneuvering
04/22 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ area.
500(72 PSI)/U. TODA 04 4997′. TODA 22
Acft above 79,366 lbs (36,000 kg) MTOW must
15/33 3740′ CLAY.
use nodes for 180° turns, except B737, A319,
F-4. A320, A321, BAE146, B717, B727, C130,
Hervey Bay F100, E170 and E109.
60′ YHBA HVB +10:00 S25 19.1 E152 52.8 Aircraft above 18701 lbs (5700 kg) MTOW must
use nodes for 180° turns unless otherwise
ARO 0412-253-267, fax 4125-3963. Apt Opera-
directed by ATC.
tor 07-4194-8101; Fax 4194-8107.
AUSTRALIA
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Passenger facilities include: toilets, public tele-
ABN. Fire 7. phone, refreshment, public transport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Hooker Creek
1050′ YHOO HOK +09:30 S18 20.2 E130 Horsham
38.6 445′ YHSM HSM +10:00* S36 40.2 E142
ARO 08 8975 0329. Apt Manager 08 8975 10.4
0329. Apt Manager 03-53829777.
10/28 5118′ DIRT. TODA 10 5315′. TODA 28 08/26 4336′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
5315′. PORT-RL. Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 17/35 3278′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
F-4, Jet A-1. 580(84PSI)/U. TODA 17 3474′. TODA 35 3796′.
Hopetoun F-4, Jet A-1.
256′ YHPN HTU +10:00* S35 42.9 E142
21.6 Hughenden
Apt Administration 03-5083-3124 (after hours), 1043′ YHUG HGD +10:00 S20 48.9 E144
03-51398-0100; Fax 03-5394-1802. 13.5
01/19 3730′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ Apt Operator 07-4741-2900, AH 4741-1387.
600 (87PSI)/U. LDA 01 3641′. TODA 01 3927′. Ground Services 07 4741 1536; Mobile 0438
TODA 19 3927′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 290 403; Prior Notice AH 4741 0131.
08/26 1598′ CLAY. 06/24 3051′ GRAVEL. PORT-RL.
12/30 5394′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/A/850/U. RL.
Horn Island Pilot Controlled Lighting.
43′ YHID HID +10:00 S10 35.2 E142 17.4 Bird and animal hazard.
ARO 07 4069 1972; H24 04 2969 1338, 07 CAUTION: Two 1367 ft unlit masts 212 deg/
4069 1314. AWOS H24 07 4069 2615. Apt 2.8nm from ARP.
Manager 07 4069 1336; Fax 07 4069 1845.
Ground Services H24 0488 513 374; Fax 4069
2225. Fuel: Mon-Fri 2hr PN required. Sat-Sun PN
required. Call out fee applies. JET A1 (drums).
08/26 4557′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/A/
1000(145PSI)/T. TORA 08 4754′. RL. Pilot F-4, Jet A-1.
Controlled Lighting. Innisfail
14/32 4052′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/A/ 46′ YIFL IFL +10:00 S17 33.5 E146 00.7
850(123PSI)/T. TORA 14 0′. LDA 32 0′. TODA
14 0′. TODA 32 4249′. ASDA 14 0′.
03/21 4406′ UNKNOWN.
Limited aircraft parking available. Contact air-
port manager, 48 hour prior notice. 14/32 4439′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Parachute jumping operations withinn 5NM of
Contact Airport Manager for Terminal accessc-
airfield. Contact Airport Manager for additional
odes.
information.
AUSTRALIA
Agricultural operations take palce within 10NM Airport notavailable when Kalkara OPS in pro-
upto 500ft AGL. gress.
F-4. SS-SR ops: conduct circuits to east and north
of arpt; avoid OVFT of HMAS Creswell and
Inverell avoid area 1NM SW of arpt.
2667′ YIVL IVR +10:00* S29 52.7 E151 08.6 Avoid OVFT of Bowen Island at all times.
Apt Administration 02 6728 8288. ARO 0428 Parachute jumping SR-SS, Sat, Sun and public
477 745, AH 02 6723 1222. holidays.
04/22 2297′ TURF. TODA 04 2395′. TODA 22 In an EMERG outside YSNM tower hours,
2395′. declare the EMERG on Melbourne Center
16/34 6936′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 121.2 MHz.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 16 7133′. TODA 34 Circuit altitudes outside YSNW tower hours:
7133′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. MIL helicopters at or below 2000' AMSL; other
Due to rwy levels, acft may not be sighted on helicopters 1200' AMSL.
opposite ends of the rwy.
F-4. Julia Creek
404′ YJLC JCK +10:00 S20 40.1 E141 43.3
Jabiru Apt Manager 07-4746-7166. FAX:
85′ YJAB JAB +09:30 S12 39.5 E132 53.6 07-4746-7549.
ARO H24 0467 721 193. AWOS AWIS 08 8979 10/28 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/D/
3181. Apt Manager 08 8938 1470; Fax 08 8938 830 (120 PSI)/U Sealed. RL. Pilot Controlled
1415. Lighting.
09/27 4944′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/ Birds in vicinity of airport.
A700(102PSI)/U. TORA 09 4600′. TORA 27 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
4600′. LDA 09 4600′. LDA 27 4600′. TODA 09
4862′. TODA 27 4862′. ASDA 09 4600′. ASDA Kalbarri
27 4600′. PORT-RL. 515′ YKBR KAX +08:00 S27 41.5 E114 15.6
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. ARO 9937-1097; 0429-341-203. Apt Operator
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 08 9934 1202; Fax 9934 1072.
F-4, Jet A-1. 18/36 5249′ SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 18 5446′. TODA 36
Jervis Bay (Jervis Bay (Military)) 5446′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
200′ YJBY Mil. +10:00* S35 08.8 E150 41.8 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
Apt Administration 02 4424 1257. AWOS H24
AWIS 02-4424-2531. Kalgoorlie-Boulder
08/26 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/ 1203′ YPKG KGI +08:00 S30 47.4 E121
900 (131 PSI)/T. 27.7
15/33 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/ Apt Administration 08 9093 3436 or 0417
900 (131 PSI)/T. 909506; Fax 08 9093 3415.
24HR PPR from Airfield coordination center. 11/29 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 35/F/A/
Animal hazard exists. 1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 11 6759′. TODA 29
AUSTRALIA
18/36 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/ 16/34 5906′ GRAVEL. PCN 20 /F /A/
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 18 4134′. TODA 36 724 (105PSI)TGravel. TORA 16 5758′. TORA
4134′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 34 5905′. LDA 16 5758′. LDA 34 5758′. TODA
Customs. 16 6102′. TODA 34 6102′. ASDA 16 5758′.
CAUTION: ASDA 34 5905′. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Acft using rwy 18 for take-off may be unable to Prior permission required from airport operator.
see aircraft on crossing rwy. Parachute jumping in vicinityof aerodrome Sat-
Requirement to broadcast intentions before urday, Sunday and public holidays.
entering rwy 18. Karara
Radio mast 1650 ft AMSL 280 deg 2.6 nm from 1011′ YKAR +08:00 S29 13.0 E116 41.2
airport.
Birds in vicinity of airport. 8799. ARO Mobile 0459-794-591 (after hours).
Cat B,C and D aircraft landing rwy 11 at night to Apt Manager 08-6298-2482; Mobile
use VASIS and be established on final by 4nm. 0488-108-435.
Radio contact between aircraft on the ground is 12/30 4593′ SLD. PCN 15 F/A/T. TODA 12
effected by shielding, particularly between 4790′. TODA 30 4790′.
apron areas and the eastern end of Rwy11/29. PPR contact apt Mgr.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Animal hazara exists.
Kalkgurung Request utilise max runway width for aircraft
647′ YKKG KFG +08:00 S17 25.9 E130 48.5 turning, since pavement is subject to disturb-
ance.
On Call AH 08-8975-0790. Apt Manager
08-8975-0799. Karratha
03/21 4101′ GRVL/SLD. Unrated. TODA 0332′ YPKA KTA +08:00 S20 42.7 E116 46.4
4298′. TODA 21 4298′. RL. Apt Administration 08 9186 8555, PH
13/31 3038′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 13 9186-8563; Fax 9185-1626. ARO H24 08 9186
3235′. TODA 31 3235′. 8508, 0409 274 416; Fax 08 9144 4972, 9144
4972. Apt Manager 0419-868-323.
Birds and animals in vicinity of airport.
08/26 7480′ ASPHALT. PCN 53/F/B/1500/T.
Kalumburu trolled Lighting.
95′ YKAL +08:00 S14 17.3 E126 37.9 Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Manager 08-9161-4333. Dust hazard may exist in vicinity of apt.
10/28 3665′ GRASS. UNRATED. TODA 10 Helicopter traffic North of rwy.
3763′. TODA 28 3763′.
CAUTION: Bird and animal hazard exists.
ATND SKD PPR.
CTAF procedures apply to all aircraft including
Kambalda Helicopter operations.
1037′ YKBL +08:00* S31 11.4 E121 35.9 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ARO Mobile 0419 916 530. Apt Operator F-4, Jet A-1.
08-9088-1111; Fax 08-9088-1112.
AUSTRALIA
ABN. Cat 6 Mon-Fri 2205-2255, Sat 2205-0020 14/32 3501′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 3697′. TODA
and 0935-1040, Sun 2205-0000. Cat 7 Mon-Fri 32 3697′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
2255-1105, Sat 0020-0935, Sun 0000-1105. F-4.
Karumba Kidston
18′ YKMB KRB +10:00 S17 27.3 E140 49.9 1620′ YKID +10:00 S18 52.2 E144 10.4
Apt Manager 07-4745-9188. after hours: Apt Manager 07-4062-1233. FAX:
07-4745-9265. FAX: 07-4745-1340. 07-4062-1285.
03/21 4521′ GRVL/SAND. TODA 03 4718′. 03/21 4101′ UNKNOWN. RL.
TODA 21 4718′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting. Kimba
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt. 763′ YIMB +09:30 S33 06.0 E136 27.6
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport Apt Manager 08-8627-2026.
Fuel 1hr PN. 03/21 5184′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 03 5381′. TODA
F-4. 21 5381′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
15/33 3648′ CLAY/SAND.
Katanning
932′ YKNG +08:00 S33 42.0 E117 39.3 King I
07/25 4921′ UNPAVED. TODA 07 5118′. TODA 132′ YKII KNS +10:00* S39 52.6 E143 52.7
25 5118′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 03 6462 9000; Fax 03 6462
13/31 2953′ UNPAVED. TODA 13 3150′. TODA 1313, 6462 1313. AWOS H24 AWIS 03 6462
31 3248′. 1014. Apt Operator 03 6462 1499; Fax 03 6462
1509.
Kempsey 06/24 2625′ GRAVEL. PCN 5/F/A/
54′ YKMP KPS +10:00* S31 04.5 E152 46.2 450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 06 2821′. TODA 24
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6563 1530. Apt Man- 2821′.
ager 02 6566 3200. 10/28 5200′ SLD. PCN 11/F/A/580 (84 PSI)/U.
04/22 5390′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/ TODA 10 5397′. TODA 28 5397′. RL. Pilot Con-
1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5587′. TODA 22 trolled Lighting.
5587′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 17/35 3625′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/B/
16/34 2014′ TURF. LDA 16 1732′. TODA 16 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 17 3822′. TODA 35
2113′. TODA 34 2113′. 3822′. PORT-RL.
Airport Manger after hours - 0427 707 853. Birds in vicinity of airport.
F-4. CAUTION: Unlit 811 ft AMSL mast 12 nm
southeast of airport.
Kerang CAUTION: VHF transmissions of TAX ACFT
254′ YKER KRA +10:00* S35 45.1 E143 may be subject to GND shielding. Extreme cau-
56.4 tion must be exercised.
Apt Manager 03-5456-5222. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
05/23 2267′ SAND. TODA 05 2464′. TODA 23 ABN.
2464′.
AUSTRALIA
Kingaroy 06/24 3720′ GRAVEL. TODA 06 3917′. TODA

1492′ YKRY KGY +10:00 S26 34.8 E151 24 3917′. RL.
50.5 15/33 3819′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4275′. TODA
Apt Administration 07 4162 6200, (AH) 4162 33 4025′. RL.
5133; Fax 4162 4806. F-4, Jet A-1.
05/23 4275′ GRASS. TODA 05 4472′. TODA 23
Kowanyama
4472′.
35′ YKOW KWM +10:00 S15 29.1 E141
16/34 5249′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/B/
45.1
800 (116 PSI)/T. TODA 16 5446′. TODA 34
5446′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4060 5472. Apt Man-
ager 07 4060 5251/5170; Fax 07 4060 5256.
12/30 4528′ SLD. PCN 6/F/B/850/T. RL. Pilot
CAUTION: Glider operations SR-SS. Simulta-
Controlled Lighting.
neous operations from glider strip marked with
pink tires, parallel to Rwy 16/34. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Gliders operate from within rwy strip when Airport Manger after hours - 07 40605182
using Rwy 05/23. Glider/tug circuits on glider F-4, Jet A-1.
strip 16/34 to the west, other aircraft circuits to
Kubin
the east. Gliders/tugs right hand circuits glider
strip 16. 15′ YKUB +10:00* S10 13.6 E142 13.4
Where possible, aircraft should conform to ARO 07 4069 4295. Apt Manager
established runway direction in use. Join circuit 07-4069-1446; Fax 07-4069-1868.
for Rwy 16/34 in downwind position or upwind 11/29 3281′ UNKNOWN. LDA 11 3084′. LDA
along Rwy16/34 to avoid glider circuit. 29 3084′.
If use of a crossing runway is operationally nec- Bird and animal hazard exists.
essary, a wide circuit to join a long final clear of RESTRICTED OPS: prior permission required
established circuit traffic is advised. On depar- fromAD operator.
ture, maintain runway heading until clear of This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
other traffic.
AVGAS H24 Cardswipe Bowser (MC and V Kununurra
credit card only). Other services Phone 074162 145′ YPKU KNX +08:00 S15 46.7 E128 42.4
2629 for details. Apt Administration 08 9168 4100. ARO 0438
F-4, Jet A-1. 980 673. Apt Manager 9168 2648: 0439 930
373: AH 0404 817 584; Fax 9168-1904.
Kingscote 12/30 5999′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/C/
24′ YKSC KGC +09:30* S35 42.8 E137 31.3 1200 (173 PSI)/T. TORA 12 6001′. TORA 30
Apt Administration 08 8553 4500; Fax 08 8553 6001′. LDA 12 6001′. LDA 30 6001′. TODA 12
2885. ARO H24 0407 715 363. Apt Manager 6198′. TODA 30 6198′. ASDA 12 6001′. ASDA
0407 549 538, 08 8553 4532. 30 6001′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
01/19 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 19 4954′. RL. Pilot Con- High concentration of birds in vicinity of airport
trolled Lighting. from 1 hour before to 1 1/2 hour after sunrise
and from 1 hour before to 1/2 hour after sunset.
AUSTRALIA
Concentrations move from roosting areas 1NM ARFF CAT 6 avbl Mon 1845-1150; Tue-Wed
south of airport to feeding areas N of airport and Sat 1845-1040; Thu-Fri 1845-1210; Sun
along Ord River catchment area. 1915-1010.
F-4, Jet A-1. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 6.
Lake Cargelligo
555′ YLCG +10:00* S33 16.7 E146 22.1 Laverton (Granny Smith)
Apt Manager 02-6895-2377. or 02-6895-4444. 1457′ YGRS +08:00 S28 45.8 E122 26.3
06/24 3937′ GRAVEL. ARO 0439 439 030. Apt Manager 0409 427
12/30 2887′ CLAY/TURF. 702; Fax 08 9031 3103.
16/34 6234′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/
Lake Evella 805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 16 6430′. TODA 34
256′ YLEV LEL +09:30 S12 29.9 E135 48.3 6430′.
Apt Manager 08-89879104. Jet A-1.
08/26 3494′ SLD.
Laverton
1530′ YLTN LVO +08:00 S28 36.8 E122
Latrobe Valley 25.4
180′ YLTV +10:00* S38 12.4 E146 28.2 ARO 0408 929 970, 0409 963 118; H24 08
Apt Switchboard Fax 03 5174 4702. 9031 1034, 0427 448 512. Apt Operator
03R/21L 4692′ ASPH/SLD. AUW-49. RL. Pilot 08-9031-1202; Fax 08-9031-1340; recep-
Controlled Lighting. tion@laverton.wa.gov.au.
Rwy 21L Right-Hand Circuit. 07/25 5906′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
700 (102PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
09/27 3015′ GRAVEL.
16/34 3015′ DIRT.
AFRU signal not available on ground Laverton,
F-4, Jet A-1.
Murrin Murrin, Sunrise Dam or Granny Smith.
Launceston AFU located at Leonora.
562′ YMLT LST +10:00* S41 32.7 E147 12.8 Aircraft to make 180 deg turns on Rwy at MAX
Apt Administration 03 6391 6222; H24 03 6391 RAD, MNM speed.
6208; Fax 6391 8580. ATS 03 6391 6992. F-4, Jet A-1.
14L/32R 2297′ TURF. TODA 32R 2493′. Learmonth Apt of Entry
14R/32L 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/ 19′ YPLM LEA +08:00 S22 14.1 E114 05.3
1400 (203 PSI)/U. TODA 14R 6696′. TODA 32L
6696′. HIRL. HIALS 32L. Pilot Controlled Light-
3000; Fax 08 9949 1840, 08 9949 3050. ARO
ing.
0407 494 419. AWOS AWIS 08 9949 4364.
18/36 2264′ GRASS. TODA 18 2362′.
18/36 9997′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/A/
Caution: Bird hazard exists. 1750 (254PSI) /T. TODA 18 10997′. TODA 36
Parachuting operations up to 10,000 ft. 10997′. ASDA 18 10194′. ASDA 36 10292′.
HIRL. HIALS 18.
Customs.
AUSTRALIA
Animals in vicinity of airport. 9037 3059. Gen Aviation 08 9037 9186.

433 ft AMSL unlit mast 191deg 6.5 nm from air- Ground Services On Call 0418 950572.
port. 10/28 5905′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/A/
Light for Civil operations available on 45 min 950 (138 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6102′. TODA 28
prior notice through reporting agent. 6102′. RL.
Bird Hazard: Australian Bustards exist within Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
the runway strip. Migratory birds around the Animal hazard exists.
aerodrome. Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Leongatha
Leigh Creek 263′ YLEG +10:00* S38 29.6 E145 51.6
856′ YLEC LGH +09:30* S30 35.9 E138 Apt Manager 03-56629200.
25.6 04/22 3032′ PAVED. AUW-11 (65PSI). TORA
Apt Administration 08 8675 4245. AWOS H24 04 3031′. TORA 22 3031′. LDA 04 3031′. LDA
AWIS (PHONE) 08 8675 2048. 22 3031′. TODA 04 3228′. TODA 22 3228′.
02/20 3999′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 02 4196′. TODA ASDA 04 3031′. ASDA 22 3031′.
20 4196′. Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 02 Right-Hand Circuit. 18/36 2195′ GRAVEL.
11/29 5610′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/ Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5807′. TODA 29
5807′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Leonora
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. 1217′ YLEO LNO +08:00 S28 52.7 E121
CAUTION: Animal hazard exists. 18.9
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Administration 08 9037 6044; Fax 9037
6295. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9037-7993.
Fuel 24HR credit card swipe bowsers available.
04/22 6617′ BITUMEN. PCN 24/F/A/1000/T.
100 octane.
TORA 04 6621′. TORA 22 6621′. LDA 04 6621′.
ABN. LDA 22 6621′. TODA 04 6818′. TODA 22 6818′.
Leinster (Lawlers) ASDA 04 6621′. ASDA 22 6621′. RL. Pilot Con-
trolled Lighting.
1598′ YLAW +08:00 S28 05.4 E120 32.4
12/30 3740′ GRAVEL.
Apt Operator 08-9088-3300.
F-4, Jet A-1.
09/27 6562′ GRAVEL. PCN 22/F/A/
1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 09 6758′. TODA 27 Lightning Ridge
6758′. 540′ YLRD LHG +10:00* S29 27.4 E147
Jet A-1. 59.1
Leinster Apt Manager 02-6828-1399. Fax:
02-6828-1608.
1631′ YLST LER +08:00 S27 50.6 E120
42.2 04/22 2405′ GRAVEL. UNRATED.
Apt Administration 0439 099 011; Fax 08 9037 10/28 4613′ GRAVEL. UNRATED. RL. Pilot
3740. ARO 0439 904 215. AWOS AWIS 08 Controlled Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
F-4. Apt Administration 02 6563 2066; Fax 02 6563

2127. 02 65632199.
Lilydale
10/28 2907′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
238′ YLIL +10:00* S37 41.4 E145 22.1 550 (80PSI)/U. LDA 28 2575′. TODA 10 3104′.
18/36 3789′ UNKNOWN. TODA 28 3104′.
Lismore Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit.
35′ YLIS LSY +10:00* S28 49.7 E153 15.6 Customs.
Apt Administration 02 6622 8296; Fax 6622 CAUTION: Moderate to severe turbulence may
7634. be expected when wind exceeds 12 kts.
15/33 5403′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/ Because of the topography of Lord Howe cer-
1000 (145PSI)/T. TODA 15 5600′. TODA 33 tain wind conditions may generate severe tur-
5600′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. bulence in the approach to the rwy & preclude a
safe landing. The only safe course of action in
CAUTION: Horizontal surface significantly
such cases is to divert to a mainland airport.
infringed. Night circling.
The Bureau of Meteorology is not able to fore-
Security controlled airport. cast severe turbulence in all cases. The final
F-4. responsibility for the safe conduct of a flight to
Lord Howe rests with the pilot in command who
Lockhart River
must consider the possibility of a diversion to a
77′ YLHR IRG +10:00 S12 47.2 E143 18.3 mainland airport should turbulence preclude a
Apt Manager 07-4060-7144. after hours: safe approach.
07-4060-7330. FAX: 07-4060-7139. AWOS Bird hazard may exist and significantly
H24 (AWIS) 07 4060 7006. increased between October and March.
12/30 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/C/ AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
123PSI(850)/T. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Security Controlled Airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Loxton
Longreach
125′ YLOX +09:30 S34 28.5 E140 39.8
627′ YLRE LRE +10:00 S23 26.0 E144 16.8
Apt Administration 08 8584 8000. Apt Manager
Apt Administration 07 4658 3766; Fax 07 4658 08-8584-7221.
3210. ARO 0417 780246.
08/26 3891′ GRAVEL.
04/22 6352′ ASPHALT. PCN 24/F/C/
17/35 2802′ SAND/SILT.
1200 (175 PSI)/T. TODA 04 6680′. TODA 22
6745′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Mackay
Birds and animals in vicinity of airport. 19′ YBMK MKY +10:00 S21 10.3 E149 10.8
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Administration 07 4955 8155; Fax 07 4953
F-4, Jet A-1. 1929.
ABN. 05/23 4409′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 05 4222′. TODA 05 4606′.
Lord Howe Island Apt of Entry TODA 23 4606′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Light-
17′ YLHI LDH +10:00* S31 32.3 E159 04.6 ing.
AUSTRALIA
14/32 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/C/ Mallacoota

1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 14 6696′. TODA 32 102′ YMCO XMC +10:00* S37 35.9 E149
6696′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 43.2
In conditions of light mist or fog, high intensity 9576. ARO 0408 580 569; 0419 532 060.
flood lighting adjacent to short final on AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5158 0103.
approach to Rwy 14 may cause distraction. 07/25 2890′ GRAVEL. PCN PCN 5/F/B/
Parachute jumping on airport SR-SS. Drop 500 (72PSI)/U. TODA 07 3087′. TODA 25
height up to 10,000 ft AMSL. 3087′. PORT-RL.
Bird hazard exists. 18/36 3372′ GRAVEL. PCN 5/F/B/
CAUTION: Runway Holding Position for Rwy 600 (87PSI)/U. TORA 18 3373′. TORA 36
14/32 from the eastern GA apron is marked 3373′. LDA 18 3373′. LDA 36 2858′. TODA 18
along the western edge of the apron. 3570′. TODA 36 3570′. ASDA 18 3373′. ASDA
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 36 3373′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ABN. Fire 5. Animals on and in vicinty of apt.
Fuel: 24 hour self-service bowsers. Aero Refu-
Maitland ellers cards, Visa & Mastercard accepted.
85′ YMND MTL +10:00* S32 42.2 E151 29.3 F-3, Jet A-1.
ARO 02-4932-8888. Apt Operator Fax
02-4932-6920. Mangalore
05/23 4022′ SLD. LDA 05 3701′. TODA 05 467′ YMNG +10:00* S36 53.3 E145 11.1
4219′. TODA 23 4219′. RL. Apt Administration 03 5796 2000; Mobile 0418
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. 863438, 0416 073202; Fax 5796 2197. ARO
0428 863 429. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5796
08/26 3317′ SLD. LDA 08 2444′. LDA 26 2667′.
2093.
TODA 08 3415′. TODA 26 3415′.
05/23 6650′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
18/36 1385′ TURF. TORA 18 1384′. TORA 36
730 (106 PSI)/U. TODA 05 6857′. TODA 23
1384′. LDA 18 1384′. LDA 36 1384′. TODA 18
6857′. RL.
1483′. TODA 36 1483′. ASDA 18 1384′. ASDA
36 1384′. 18/36 4793′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
730 (106 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4990′. TODA 36
ATND SKD Prior Permission Required. Aero-
4990′. RL.
drome operational Sept-Apr 0600 to 2300 LCT,
May to Aug 0630 to 2300 LCT. Confine operations to paved surfaces.
Animal hazard exists, particularly around dusk. Bird hazard may exist.
Helicopter circuits to be flown at 700 FT AGL Occasional helicopter and ultralight ops take
(or 800 FT MSL). place on rwy and grass areas.
Parachute Jump Exercises sunrise to sunset Prior permission required for ultralight move-
within 3 NM radius of aerodrome, up to FL110. ments.
Fuel: U. Parachute jumping Sunrise-Sunset 330° Mag,
9.5nm from AD.
AUSTRALIA
Glider operations SR-SS, Saturday, Sunday Mareeba

and public holidays at Locksley Airport 9NM 1560′ YMBA MRG +10:00* S17 04.1 E145
Northeast. 25.1
Except as required during instrument rating Apt Administration Fax 07 4092 5138. Apt Man-
tests, practice instrument approaches should ager 07 4043 4100.
add 1000 ft to all altitudes prescribedin 10/28 4938′ ASPHALT. UNRATED. RL. Pilot
approach to reduce interference with circuit traf- Controlled Lighting.
fic. Such flights shall broadcast intentions,
including altitude limits. Similarly pilots making
instrumentapproach in IMC, on encountering ATND SKD H24.
VMC, are required to remain as high as practi- Bird hazard exists.
cal and join the circuit in the standard manner. Fuel: Avgas self-service browser with credit
Prior notice required for rwy lights when nomi- card all hours.
nating Mangalore as an IFR Alternate apt. F-4.
Night circuits to the West for all fixed wing air-
Margaret River
craft.
374′ YMGT +08:00* S33 55.8 E115 06.0
F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 08 9780 5643; Fax 9757
ABN.
2111.
Maningrida 02/20 3619′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
123′ YMGD MNG +09:30 S12 03.4 E134 Lighting.
14.0
Maryborough
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-8979-5604. Apt Man-
38′ YMYB MBH +10:00 S25 30.8 E152 42.9
ager 08 8979 6600, AH 08 8979 5766, AH 08
8979 5844; Fax 08 8979 5991. Apt Administration 1300-794-929. ARO 0419
671405. AWOS (AWIS) 07-4123-5986.
14/32 5020′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 14 5217′. TODA 32 12/30 2903′ TURF. TORA 12 2904′. TORA 30
5217′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 2904′. LDA 12 2904′. LDA 30 2904′. TODA 12
3100′. TODA 30 3100′. ASDA 12 2904′. ASDA
Bird hazard in season.
30 2904′.
F-4.
17/35 5207′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Manjimup 580 (84O PSI)/U. TODA 17 5600′. TODA 35
940′ YMJM MJP +08:00* S34 15.9 E116 5404′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
08.4 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Apt Manager 08-9771-1366. Fax: F-4, Jet A-1.
08-9771-1552. ABN.
12/30 4019′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Maryborough
850(123 PSI)/U. TODA 12 4216′. TODA 30
4216′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 766′ YMBU +10:00* S37 02.0 E143 42.5
ABN. Apt Manager 03-54610610. Fax: 03-54610666.
06/24 2106′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/U. TODA 06
2303′. TODA 24 2303′.
AUSTRALIA
17/35 3412′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/ F-4, Jet A-1.

450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 17 3609′. TODA 35 ABN.
Rwy 17 Right-Hand Circuit. Melbourne (Melbourne Intl) Apt of Entry
434′ YMML MEL +10:00* S37 40.4 E144
Meekatharra 50.6
1713′ YMEK MKR +08:00 S26 36.7 E118 Apt Administration 03 9297 1600; Fax 03 9297
32.9 1886.
Apt Administration BH 08 9981 1002. ARO 09/27 7500′ ASPHALT. PCN 79/F/C/
0417 968 115: 9981 1179. 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 09 7992′. TODA 27
09/27 7155′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/A/ 7992′. ASDA 09 7697′. ASDA 27 7697′. HIRL.
800 (116 PSI)/T. TORA 09 7156′. TORA 27 HIALS 27.
7156′. LDA 09 7156′. LDA 27 7156′. TODA 09 16/34 11998′ ASPHALT. PCN 79/F/C/
7352′. TODA 27 7352′. ASDA 09 7156′. ASDA 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 16 12392′. TODA 34
27 7156′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 12589′. ASDA 16 12195′. ASDA 34 12195′.
15/33 3494′ DIRT. TODA 15 3691′. TODA 33 HIRL. HIALS 16.
3691′. Customs.
F-4, Jet A-1. WARNING: Secondary airport Melbourne/
Essendon 5 NM South-East.
Melbourne (Essendon) Apt of Entry
282′ YMEN MEB +10:00* S37 43.8 E144
54.0 Landing Rwy 34 the Hold Short Line is marked
with red and white rwy intersection signs and is
indicated by six occulting white flush fitted lights
7867.
across Rwy 34.
08/26 6302′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/
All acft must provide their parked position/gate
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 08 6499′. TODA 26
number to ATC on acknowledgement of air-
ways clearance.
17/35 4934′ ASPHALT. PCN 29/R/C/
T due to terminal area traffic density and/or
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5131′. TODA 35
single RWY operations:DAILY 2100-2300: All
Traffic 15 min, DAILY 2300-1400: All Traffic
ATND SKD H24. Customs. 10min. It is acknowledged that flights direct to
Amber freeway lighting parallel to and 1500 ft of Melbourne from Africa, Middle East and conti-
rwy 08-25 may be confused. Jet aircraft curfew nental North America may not be carrying these
1300-2000 UTC. Airborne Traffic Delays.
AD operator does not provide aircraft marshal- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ling services. All requests for aircraft marshal- AD OPR does not provide acft marshalling
ling should be directed to the airlines or FBO. services. All requests for acft marshalling
Birds in vicinity of apt. should be directed to the airlines or FBO (if
Anticipated airborne traffic delays for arriving applicable).
acft due to terminal area traffic density; 10 All acft operating into and out of Melbourne AD
minute hoding required, 0845-0945 Mon-Thu; are req to operate not abv 250kt IAS below
0945-1045 Friday. 10000' MSL.
AUSTRALIA
All acft planning circuits or practice instrument 13R/31L 3478′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 13R
apch (avbl 2000-1300) or airwork within the 2949′. LDA 31L 3018′. TODA 13R 3674′. TODA
Melbourne Terminal Airspace reqprior ATC 31L 3674′.
approval. Pilots must contact the Terminal Area 17L/35R 4380′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 17L
Coordinator on 03-9235-7337 to book a time 3471′. LDA 35R 3809′. TODA 17L 4577′. TODA
slot. For arrival acft a req mustbe made to Mel- 35R 4577′. MIRL. PORT-RL.
bourne Center by 120 NM from Melbourne or 17R/35L 4068′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 17R
on first contact for ac ft entering CTA within 120 3451′. LDA 35L 3583′. TODA 17R 4265′. TODA
NM. 35L 4265′.
Training circuits are not permitted. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Acft carrying Dangerous Goods Class 1 explo- F-4, Jet A-1.
sives req approval from AD OPR at least 48 hr
ABN.
prior to ETA.
Security screening is required for all passen- Merimbula
gers from all passenger aircraft , irrespective of 7′ YMER MIM +10:00* S36 54.5 E149 54.1
size, departing from any of the Domestic, Inter- Apt Administration 02 6495 4211; Fax 02 6495
national or Freight Apron areas at Melbourne 2034. ARO Mobile 0429 044 011, 0429 044
Airport. A charge is applicable for this service 013, 0488 044 015.
and a schedule of charges can be obtained
03/21 5256′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 8/F/A/
from the Aerodrome Operator on 03 9297 1024.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 03 5453′. TODA 21
Any queries should also be directed to the Aer-
odrome Operator on the same number.
Rescue and firefighting services
AWIS activated by 1 sec transmission.
CAT 10 1850-1052, CAT 9 1052-1850 Daily. (1
HR EARLIER HDS). 131.0 MHz avbl H24. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Request via ATC. Fuel services: Jet A1 60 min prior notiuce, after
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. hr call out fee applies.
ABN. Fire 10. F-4, Jet A-1.
Melbourne (Moorabbin) Mildura

50′ YMMB MBW +10:00* S37 58.5 E145 167′ YMIA MQL +10:00* S34 13.7 E142
06.1 05.1
Apt Administration 03 8587 8000; Fax 03 9587 Apt Administration 03-5055-0500;
1782. 0428-596-871; Fax 5021-5740.
04/22 1873′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 04 1640′. 09/27 6004′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/C/
LDA 22 1775′. TODA 04 1972′. TODA 22 1972′. 1350 (195 PSI)/T. TODA 09 6398′. TODA 27
PORT-RL. 6496′. ASDA 09 6102′. ASDA 27 6201′. RL.
13L/31R 3773′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 13L
3412′. TODA 13L 3970′. TODA 31R 3970′. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
MIRL. PORT-RL. 18/36 3737′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/C/
750 (110 PSI)/T. TODA 18 3934′. TODA 36
AUSTRALIA
Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit. Moomba

CAUTION: Transient obstacle up to 5.6' above 143′ YOOM MOO +09:30* S28 06.0 E140
and 200' S of Runway Strip end is not taken 11.9
into account in determining TODA GRAD and Apt Operator (AWIS) 08 8224 7475.
STODA 12/30 5637′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/B/
CAUTION: Transient obstacle up to 13' above 1035 (150PSI)/T. TORA 12 5636′. TORA 30
and 249' N of Runway Strip end is not taken 5636′. LDA 12 5636′. LDA 30 5636′. TODA 12
into account in determining TODA GRAD and 5833′. TODA 30 5833′. ASDA 12 5636′. ASDA
STODA 30 5636′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Birds may be present on surface and Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
approaches to runways. Prior permission required.
CAUTION: Glider operations Sunrise to Sunset Birds in vicinity of airport.
Saturday, Sunday and Public Holiday and
F-4, Jet A-1.
NOTAM from grass airstrip 2.3 nm SSW of air-
port. Wire launching. Gliders monitor CTAF. Moranbah
Aircraft on runway may not be visible to one 770′ YMRB MOV +10:00 S22 03.5 E148
another. 04.7
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport. ARO 0407 319 271.
F-4, Jet A-1. 16/34 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 16 5197′. TODA 34
Milingimbi
5197′.
53′ YMGB MGT +09:30 S12 05.7 E134 53.6
Emergency use only, prior permissionrequired
11/29 4626′ ASPHALT. RL. other times.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. AD Charges: All ACFT
Millicent All aircraft to turn at runway threshold.
56′ YMCT MLR +09:30 S37 35.0 E140 22.0 Morawa
Apt Manager 08-8733-2177. 886′ YMRW MWB +08:00 S29 12.1 E116
08/26 3937′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled 01.3
Lighting. Apt Manager 08-9971-1004. Fax
Minjilang 08-9971-1284.
82′ YMIJ +08:00 S11 09.5 E132 32.8 09/27 3199′ SAND/GRVL.
AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. TODA 09 3297′. TODA
27 3297′.
06/24 3543′ GRAVEL.
15/33 4429′ PAVED. PCN 9/F/A/
Minnipa 805(117PSI)/U. TODA 15 4626′. TODA 33
509′ YMPA MIN +09:30 S32 50.6 E135 08.7 4626′. RL.
Apt Manager 08-8680-2002. Moree
17/35 4475′ UNKNOWN. 701′ YMOR MRZ +10:00* S29 29.9 E149
50.7
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 02 6752 1483; Fax 02 6752 18/36 4997′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
6030. ARO Mobile 0428 681 319, 0428 657 620 (90 PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
795, 02 6757 3222. Birds in vicinity of airport.
01/19 5292′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/B/ Ultralight activity in vicinity of airport.
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 01 5489′. TODA 19 Parachute jumping in vicinity of airport.
AWIS activated by 1 sec transmission.
05/23 3205′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 3402′. TODA
F-4, Jet A-1.
23 3402′.
Large flocks of Galahs from August to Decem- Mount Gambier
ber. 212′ YMTG MGB +09:30* S37 44.7 E140
Kangaroo hazard exists. 47.1
Agricultural operations 24 hours. Apt Administration 08 8721 0444. Apt Operator
Weather balloons launched daily over airport. 8725 1112; Fax 8723 2771.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 06/24 2776′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/
Terminal open 0700-2100, Rwy 01/19 open 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 06 3274′. TODA 24
24HR. 3156′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
No emergency beacon available. 11/29 3025′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3232′. TODA 29
F-4, Jet A-1.
3222′.
Mornington I (Mornington I.) 18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/
33′ YMTI ONG +10:00 S16 39.7 E139 10.7 1000 (145 PSI). TODA 18 5203′. TODA 36
Apt Manager 07-4745-7200. 5210′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
09/27 4970′ PAVED. PCN 7/F/A/ Bird hazard exists.
850(123 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5167′. TODA 27 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
12/30 2480′ GRAVEL. TORA 12 2612′. TORA ABN.
30 2612′. LDA 12 2612′. LDA 30 2612′. TODA
12 2808′. TODA 30 2808′. ASDA 12 2612′. Mount Gordon
ASDA 30 2612′. 900′ YGON +10:00* S19 46.5 E139 24.4
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Operator 07-4748-9903, 07-4748-9905, AH
F-4. 07-4748-9985; Fax 07-47489164.
08/26 3839′ BITU/SLD. PCN 12/F/B/
Moruya 850(123PSI)/U. TODA 08 4035′. TODA 26
17′ YMRY MYA +10:00* S35 53.9 E150 08.7 4035′. RL.
Apt Administration 02-4474-1000. ARO Private AD. PPR all ops H24.
02-4474-2095, 04-0903-7520, AH EMERG Terrain 1430FT elevation 032 degrees/ 2165FT
04-4474-1222; Fax 02 4474 2095 AH 4474 (660M) from Rwy 08 THR infringes inner hori-
1222. zontal surface.
04/22 2713′ GRAVEL. PCN 5700/450(65PSI). Wildlife hazard exists.
TODA 04 2910′. TODA 22 2910′.
AUSTRALIA
Mount Magnet 16/34 8399′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/A/

1354′ YMOG MMG +08:00 S28 07.0 E117 1400 (203 PSI)/U. TODA 16 8596′. TODA 34
Apt Administration 08 9963 3000; H24 AH 0427 Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit.
634 241; Fax 08 9963 4133; works@mtmag- ATND SKD H24.
net.wa.gov.au. Blasting will be conducted at various sites
04/22 2953′ DIRT. TODA 04 3150′. TODA 22 within 6NM radius of Mount Isa airport. Surface
3150′. 2500 ft.
16/34 5906′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ Bird and animal hazard exists.
850 (123 PSI)/U. TODA 16 6102′. TODA 34 CAUTION: Multiple gas turbine facilities emit
6102′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. high velocity plume rise at locations approxi-
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. mately 7nm south of Mount Isa aerodrome.
Jet A-1. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
F-2, F-4, Jet A-1.
Mt Hotham
ABN.
4260′ YHOT MHU +10:00* S37 02.8 E147
20.0 Mudgee
Apt Administration 03 5759 4444; H24 5159 1545′ YMDG DGE +10:00* S32 33.7 E149
6777; Fax 5159 6776. ARO 0409 041 307, 36.7
0418 971 778, 0418 609 122. Apt Manager ARO 0407 784467. AWOS (AWIS) 02 6372
0409 041 307. 3349. Apt Manager 02 6378 2850; Fax 6378
11/29 4790′ ASPHALT. PCN 24/F/C/ 2815.
1138(165PSI)/T. HIRL. 04/22 5704′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. 580 (84 PSI)/U. TORA 04 5705′. TORA 22
ATND SKD PPR. 5705′. LDA 04 5705′. LDA 22 5705′. TODA 04
Permission for all night and IFR non RPT OPS 5902′. TODA 22 5902′. ASDA 04 5705′. ASDA
must include agreement to comply with Aero- 22 5705′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
drome OPR Guidance Material (http:// Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit.
www.mthotham.com.au/travel/air). Call out fee 16/34 3526′ TURF. TORA 16 3527′. TORA 34
applies for approved night OPS. 3527′. LDA 16 3527′. LDA 34 3527′. TODA 16
Avoid overflying the Alpine National Park 3724′. TODA 34 3724′. ASDA 16 3527′. ASDA
(Bogong Unit). 34 3527′.
AWIS activated by three 1 second transmis- Rwy 16 Right-Hand Circuit.
sions. Security controlled airport.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 24hr AVGAS cardswipe bowser (MC only).
Jet A-1. F-4, Jet A-1.
Mt Isa Murray Field
1121′ YBMA ISA +10:00 S20 39.8 E139 56′ YMUL +08:00 S32 30.6 E115 50.0
29.3 Apt Administration 08 9417 0000; info@roya-
Apt Administration 07 4743 4598; Fax 4743 laeroclubwa.com.au.
0101. Apt Manager 0419 727677.
AUSTRALIA
05/23 3802′ SLD. TODA 05 3999′. TODA 23 AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
3999′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. F-4.
09/27 2963′ UNPAVED. TODA 09 3061′. TODA
27 3061′. Narrandera
Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit. 474′ YNAR NRA +10:00* S34 42.1 E146
30.7
CAUTION: Low Level Aerobatics Over Aero-
1884. ARO H24 04228 690518. AWOS H24
drome within D104C.
(AWIS) 02 6959 2712.
F-4.
05/23 3346′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 3904′. TODA
Murrin Murrin 23 3543′. ASDA 05 3707′.
1535′ YMMI +08:00 S28 42.3 E121 53.4 14/32 5282′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
Apt Administration 08 9212 8400; Fax 08 9212 700 (100 PSI)/T. TORA 14 5302′. TORA 32
8401. ARO 9088 5322; 9088 5348; Fax 9037 5302′. LDA 14 5302′. LDA 32 5302′. TODA 14
5064; 9037 5068. 6010′. TODA 32 5499′. ASDA 14 5814′. ASDA
03/21 6562′ PAVED. PCN 22/F/A/
1100 (160PSI)/T. RL. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport Aug to
Dec.
Jet A-1.
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
Naracoorte This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
169′ YNRC NAC +09:30 S36 59.1 E140 F-4, Jet A-1.
43.5
Apt Manager 08-8762-2122. Narromine
02/20 3668′ CLAY/SAND. TODA 20 3865′. 782′ YNRM QRM +10:00* S32 12.9 E148
13.5
08/26 3438′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 08 3678′. TODA
26 3635′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 02 6889 9999: AH 0417 413
176; Fax 6889 9998. ARO 0417 413 176.
F-4.
04/22 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Narrabri 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 04 3806′. TODA 22
788′ YNBR NAA +10:00* S30 19.1 E149 3806′.
49.6 11/29 4990′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Apt Administration 02 6799 6866; Fax 02 6799 580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 29 4144′. TODA 11 5187′.
6888. ARO 0427 101 140. AWOS H24 (AWIS) TODA 29 5187′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
02 6792 4774. Glider operations SR-SS.
09/27 3980′ TURF. TODA 09 4177′. TODA 27 Glider strips marked by orange gable markers.
4177′. Gliders operate common circuit direction from
18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/B/ seperate parallel strips along siderwys.
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5197′. TODA 36 Glider ops days, weekends and public holidays.
5322′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Simultaneuos operations on parallel runways
Bird and animal hazard exists. not permitted.
AUSTRALIA
Twy B between rwy 04 and twy A 12,566 lbs Animal hazard on movement area (dingoes,
MAUW. dogs and cattle).
945' obstruction 6234' 154 degrees from
Nhill
runway intersection.
454′ YNHL +10:00* S36 18.6 E141 38.4
F-4.
AWOS 03 5391 3564. Apt Manager
ABN.
053-911811.
Newman 09/27 3281′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
1724′ YNWN ZNE +08:00 S23 25.1 E119 Lighting.
48.2 18/36 3615′ TURF. TODA 18 3812′. TODA 36
Apt Administration 08 9175 8000; Fax 08 9175 3812′.
2668. ARO 08 9177 8964; Fax 08 9177 8965.
Nifty
Apt Manager 08 9177 8964; Mobile 0417 952
693 H24; Fax 08 9177 8965. 968′ YCNF +10:00* S21 40.4 E121 35.7
05/23 6798′ PAVED. PCN 46/F/B/ Apt Administration (08) 9366 8800;
1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 05 6995′. TODA 23 jared.young@aditybirla.com.au. Apt Manager
6995′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ARO (07) 9179-0943; Fax ARO (07)
9176-5033.
Blasting takes place 4.8NM N of Newman air-
port, surface-2300 ft AGL. Pilots should avoid 12/30 6886′ BITUMEN. PCN 23/F/A/
flying over this site when blasting occurs. Activ- 850(123PSI)/T. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ity will be notified by NOTAM. ATND SKD Prior permission from airport opera-
Bird hazard exists. tor.
Animals may be on airport. CAUTION: Unmarked/unlit Twr 1188 feet, 017
degrees/ 0.4 nautical miles from airport.
Security requirements:
a. ASIC to be worn and clearly displayed on Norfolk I (Norfolk Island) Apt of Entry
SRA. 371′ YSNF NLK +11:30 S29 02.5 E167 56.3
b. Irrespective of size ofacft, security screening Apt Administration H24 6723 22445; Fax 672 3
is required for all passengers transitting the 23201; info@airport.gov.nf. AWOS H24
apron within the operational period of report - (AWIS)0011-6-7232-3089.
90 mins prior to arrival and 30 mins after depar- 04/22 4708′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
ture. 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 4905′. TODA 22
c. For inquiries regarding security screening 4905′. RL.
requirements - contact Manager Airport Serv- Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
ices, PH 0417 952 693.
11/29 6398′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/B/
F-4, Jet A-1. 1410 (205 PSI)/T. LDA 11 6201′. LDA 29 6201′.
Ngukurr TODA 11 6594′. TODA 29 6594′. MIRL.
45′ YNGU RPM +09:30 S14 43.4 E134 44.9 Rwy 11 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration 08 8975 4656; Fax 08 8975 Customs.
4658. Birds in vicinity of airport.
11/29 5020′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 11 5216′. TODA 24 hour prior permission required from apt
29 5216′. RL. manager for all non-scheduled aircraft.
AUSTRALIA
Operators of jet aircraft are requested to use Norseman

minimum power when turning or taxiing on 863′ YNSM NSM +08:00 S32 12.6 E121
apron. 45.3
Rwy 04/22 operations restricted to aircraft Apt Manager 08-9039-1205; Fax
12,566 lbs (5700 kg) or below with the following 08-9039-1359; ceo@dundas.wa.gov.au.
exceptions. 01/19 4961′ UNKNOWN.
a. Aircraft up to and including F-27 may use PCN 5700/800(116PSI). TODA 01 5157′.
Rwy 04/22 if Rwy 11/29 is operationally unsuit- TODA 19 5157′.
able; and b. The section of Rwy 04/22 between 04/22 3412′ UNKNOWN.
the apron exit and the intersection of the PCN 5700/800(116PSI). TODA 04 3609′.
runway is available as a taxiway by all aircraft TODA 22 3609′.
using Rwy 11/29.
Rwy 19 and 22 right hand circuits at night.
Aircraft are required to use the turning nodes,
executing 180 degree turns at Rwy 11/29 ends. Northern Peninsula
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 34′ YNPE ABM +10:00 S10 57.0 E142 27.6
Pilots are reminded that NZ altimetry setting ARO 0429 963 520, 07-4069-3383. Apt Man-
PROC are applicable when operating into and ager 07-4069-3383; Fax 07-4069-3783.
out of Norfolk Island. 13/31 6017′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/
NZregulations require aircraft flying within the 1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 13 6214′. TODA 31
Auckland Oceanic FIR to maintainvertical posi- 6214′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
tion with reference to standard pressure 1013 Apt on Aboriginal Reserve. Only public area is
HPA, with the exception that within proximity to apt. PPR to enter Township or Aboriginal
the Norfolk Island AD aircraft must maintain alti- Reserve.
tude with reference to aerodrome QNH. Jet A-1.
ARFF: CAT 6 - for all scheduled regular public
transport (RPT) flights at the following localNowra (Nowra Military)
times: Sun, Mon, Fri 0700-1500LT; Tue, Sat 400′ YSNW NOA Mil. +10:00* S34
0900-1700LT; all other times 30 minutes PN. 56.9 E150 32.2
CTC +6723 22049. Apt Operator 02-4424-1257, AMS
F-4, Jet A-1. 02-4424-1009.
ABN. Fire 6. 03/21 6713′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/C/
2000 (290 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6909′. TODA 21
Normanton 6909′. HIRL. HIALS 21. Pilot Controlled Light-
73′ YNTN NTN +10:00 S17 41.1 E141 04.2 ing.
Apt Administration 07 4745 1166; Fax 4745 Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit.
1340. ARO 0429 303 112 H24. 08/26 6870′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/C/
14/32 5499′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ 2000 (290 PSI)/T. LDA 26 6572′. TODA 08
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 14 5696′. TODA 32 7854′. TODA 26 7067′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled
5696′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1. Rwy 08/26 Right-Hand Circuit.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1250 ft AER.
AUSTRALIA
ATND SKD PPR 2200-1300 Mon-Thu, 09/27 3573′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/D/
2200-0230 Fri. 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 09 3770′. TODA 27
Civil use by PPO. 3770′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Severe downdraft may be experienced within 14/32 5410′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/C/
1NM on final RWY 26 during westerly wind 1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 14 5607′. TODA 32
above 7 kt. 5705′. ASDA 32 5607′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled
Gliding & parachute operations SR-SS Sat, Sun Lighting.
& Hols. Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit.
F-4. JASU. Bird and kangaro hazard exists. Contact Oakey
ABN. Fire 5. Fire Service on CTAF to arrange strip clear-
ance if required.
Numbulwar Remain clear of power station to the SW of air-
31′ YNUM NUB +09:30 S14 16.3 E135 43.0 port (D652).
Apt Manager 08-89754675. ATS/AD HR of ops are dependent on local Mili-
15/33 4331′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4528′. TODA tary ops and are notified by NOTAM. Check
33 4528′. Oakey ATIS for confirmation of airfield status.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 4.
Nyngan
569′ YNYN NYN +10:00* S31 33.1 E147 Oenpelli
12.2 30′ YOEN OPI +08:00 S12 19.5 E133 00.3
Apt Administration 02 6832 1503, 6832 1604. Apt Administration 08-8979-0170; Fax
05/23 5390′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ 08-8979-0177. ARO Mobile 0488-045-471.
700 (101 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5587′. TODA 23 12/30 4331′ SLD.
5587′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
18/36 3484′ TURF. TODA 18 3681′. TODA 36
3681′. Olympic Dam
Animal and bird hazard exists. 343′ YOLD OLP +09:30 S30 29.1 E136 52.6
746 ft AMSL lit mast 3281 ft (1000m) SW of rwy ARO 0477-307-824. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08
05 thrshld. 8671 1682. Apt Manager PH 08-8671-8888, AH
08-8671-8262; Fax 08-8671-1181.
F-4.
06/24 5220′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled
Oakey (Oakey (Military)) Lighting.
1335′ YBOK OKY +10:00 S27 24.7 E151 Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration 07 4577 7136 or 4577 7003; F-4, Jet A-1.
Fax 07 4577 7122.
05/23 2999′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/C/ Onslow
1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 05 3195′. TODA 23 23′ YOLW ONS +08:00 S21 40.1 E115 06.8
3195′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 08-9184-6001; Mobile 0487
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. 654 272 (After Hours); Fax 08-9184-6107.
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9184-6487.
AUSTRALIA
03/21 5249′ ASPHALT. PCN 21/F/A/ 12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
1035(150PSI)/T. TODA 03 5446′. TODA 21 1050 (152 PSI)/T. TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30
5446′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 6758′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Birds and animals in vicinity of apt.
Palm Island
All acft to make turns at rwy ends only. Maxi-
30′ YPAM +10:00 S18 45.3 E146 34.9
mum radius at minimum speed.
Apt Manager 07 4770 1177. Fax: 07 4770
Oodnadatta 1241.
386′ YOOD ODD +09:30* S27 33.6 E135 14/32 3730′ ASPH/SLD. UNRATED. TODA 14
26.7 3927′. TODA 32 3927′. RL. Pilot Controlled
H24 AWIS 08-8670-6129. Apt Manager Lighting.
08-8670-7805. Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit.
04/22 3058′ UNKNOWN. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
13/31 4219′ UNKNOWN. RL. Pilot Controlled
Paraburdoo
Lighting.
1406′ YPBO PBO +08:00 S23 10.3 E117
Orange 44.7
3115′ YORG OAG +10:00* S33 22.9 E149 Apt Administration neil.paraburdoo@harvey-
08.0 world.com.au. ARO 0409 364557. Apt Manager
Apt Administration 02 6393 8000; Fax 6393 08 9189 6044, 0417 464038; Fax 9189 5525.
8199. Apt Manager 0419 233879. Ground Serv- 06/24 6995′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
ices 02-6365-5490; 0427-655-173. 1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 06 7192′. TODA 24
04/22 2569′ TURF. TODA 04 2766′. TODA 22 7192′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
11/29 5499′ ASPHALT. PCN 39/R/C/ 250 ft lit tower 2313 ft, 225 deg /6 nm from air-
1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 11 5896′. TODA 29 port.
5958′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Blasting at mine site 240 deg/8 nm, 24 hour.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Pilot activated lighting range restricted in some
F-4, Jet A-1. sectors at LSALT.
Orbost
F-4, Jet A-1.
94′ YORB RBS +10:00* S37 47.4 E148 36.6
Apt Administration 03 5153 9500; Fax 03 5153 Parkes
9576. ARO 0407 425 322; 0400 012 189. 1069′ YPKS PKE +10:00* S33 07.9 E148
07/25 3740′ TURF/SAND. TODA 07 3937′. 14.3
TODA 25 3937′. RL. Apt Administration 02 6861 2333; Fax 6862
Jet A-1. 3946, AD 6862 1710. ARO 0427 282062.
04/22 5525′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
Osborne Mine
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5722′. TODA 22
935′ YOSB +10:30 S22 04.9 E140 33.3 5722′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
8602. Apt Manager 4781 8723.
AUSTRALIA
11/29 5325′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/ Pearce TWR services avbl on activation. Check
580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 29 4757′. TODA 11 5522′. ATIS 316.1, PE NDB 340 or ATC for status of
TODA 29 5522′. airspace prior to entry.
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission. RFF MNT Pearce TWR Freq. 118.3 drg MBZ
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. HR. Aircrew OPR FM Pearce AH are to notify
24 hr AVGAS. 24 hr Jet A1. 1 hr prior notice. Fire Section on phone 08 9571 7119and ADZ
Phone 0418-634-997. AMD ETD/ETA. Airborne acft must CTC 'Base
Fire' on TWR Freq. 118.3 to ADZ AMD ETA 20
F-4, Jet A-1.
min before arrival.
Pearce Apt of Entry RWY sweeper & J-BAR crew may be OPR on
149′ YPEA Mil. +08:00 S31 40.1 E116 00.9 AD.
Apt Administration 08 9571 7114. 08 9476 If TWR is unmanned, CTC RFF callsign 'Base
8622. ATC 08 9476 8622. Fire', 20 min bfr ETD/ETA on TWR Freq. 118.3
05/23 5548′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/ or phone 08 9571 7119 for activation of AD lgt.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5745′. TODA 23 AWIS avbl phone 08 95717453.
5745′. ASDA 05 6040′. MIRL. Operators are advised that line of sight COM
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. shielding may occur btn acft and/or vehicles
18L/36R 8002′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/ operating in the vicinity of THR RWY 36R and
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 18L 8199′. TODA 36R THR RWY 18L due terrain.
8573′. ASDA 18L 8199′. ASDA 36R 8199′. PEARCE PARALLEL RWY POLICY: Parallel
MIRL. lane ops are permitted while anyacft is lined up
Rwy 18L Right-Hand Circuit. on the adj rwy; Parallel lane ops are to cease
during the tkofof all non-local caft fm the adj
Bi-directional A-GEAR 1312 ft AER.
rwy; Parallel lane ops are to cease for the ldg of
Bi-directional A-GEAR 1509 ft AER. all non-local acft, but canrecommence once the
18R/36L 5712′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ non-local acft has landed and initiated deceler-
1000 (145 PSI)/U. TODA 18R 5909′. TODA 36L ation on the adj rwy; Parallel lane ops are to be
5909′. ASDA 18R 5909′. ASDA 36L 5909′. restr to VMC when non-local acft are opr o n
Rwy 18R Right-Hand Circuit. the adj rwy; Normal wake trub standards are
ATND SKD Mon-Thur 0000-1600, Fri toappy in the application of these proc. All visit-
0000-0700. Customs. ing acft are to pln via Perth for ARR and DEP.
Animal hazard exists. ARR - Expect Perth STAR with vectors for
Pearce within 10DME Perth. DEP - on CLR
Within 10NM RAD Pearce excluding PH CTR &
issue expect tracking via Perth TFC Manage-
CTA steps SFC - Base of CTA.
ment RTE. Tracking isdependent on r
MBZ area may be activated as a temp Restric-
Fire 5.
ted Area on 30 min PN. TWR active.
Check status of airspace prior to entry on ATIS Perth (Jandakot)
316.1, NDB 340 or PH Centre 135.25 MHz. 99′ YPJT JAD +08:00 S32 05.8 E115 52.9
MBZ procedures apply when Pearce ATS not Apt Administration 08 9417 0900; Fax 08 9417
manned. MBZ procedures on Pearce 3777. ARO 08 9485 7555. ATS 08 9476 8512
TWRFreq. 118.3. Area may be reactivated as a or for urgent operational matters: 08 9476
'temporary' Restricted Area with 30 min PN. 8833.
AUSTRALIA
06L/24R 4567′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/1000/T. Twys H and F available to F28 aircraft, all air-
LDA 06L 4180′. LDA 24R 4088′. TODA 06L craft with 79 ft (24 m) maximum wingspan and
4764′. TODA 24R 4764′. RL. Pilot Controlled below, and to non-turbojet aircraft with 118 ft
Lighting. (36 m) maximum wingspan and below only.
Rwy 24R Right-Hand Circuit. Between twy C and threshold rwy 24 not availa-
06R/24L 3773′ ASPHALT. ble as twy for acft above BA 46.
Rwy 06R Right-Hand Circuit. Exit Rwy 21 via Twy P only for aircraft with 118'
maximum wingspan and below.GA taxilane not
12/30 3248′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/1000/T.
avbl to acft above 41,888 lbs (19000 kg) or
wingspan greater than 79 ft (24m) unless
trolled Lighting.
approved by AD operator.
Kangaroo hazard exists.
Left turn to or right turn from RWY 06 threshold
Birds in vicinity of airport. via TWY A available to Code C aircraft and
Rwy06R/24L not avbl at night. below, wingspans less than or equal to 118 ft
Aerodrome not available to aircraft above (36m) except B727.
5700KG MTOW without prior permission from Aircraft holding on Twy D between rwy 03/21
Aerodrome operator. and Twy A restricted to A330 and below.
Prior permission required from Aerodrome Entry to Domestic apron taxilane via TWY D
operator for aircrafts with over 15M wingspan and TWY B restricted to aircraft code E and
that require parking. below.
F-4, Jet A-1. Customs services are not available daily
ABN. between 0300 and 0430 hours (Local).
Perth (Perth Intl) Apt of Entry
TFC Holding fuel advisory 10 min MON
67′ YPPH PER +08:00 S31 56.4 E115 58.0
0130-0230 TUE WED THU 0130-0230 and
Apt Administration 08 9478 8888, AH 9478 0915-1115 FRI 0915-1015. Flights direct to
8501; Fax 08 9478 8428. ARO 08 9478 8424: YPPH with flight times in excess of 8 hours are
0419 195 790. exempt fm these holding fuel requirements.
03/21 11299′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/A/ F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
1500 (218 PSI)/U. TODA 03 12106′. TODA 21
ABN. Fire 9.
11955′. MIRL. HIALS 21.
06/24 7096′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/A/ Plutonic
1500 (218 PSI)/U. TODA 06 7297′. TODA 24 1896′ YPLU +08:00 S25 18.8 E119 25.4
7297′. HIRL. HIALS 24. 9981 0122. Apt Operator 08 9981 0700 (BH);
Customs. H24 9981 0136; Fax 9981 0101.
Aircraft with a wingspan between 118.1' (36m) 07/25 6795′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/A/
to 213.3' (65m) on twy A and twy Juliet-1 must 87PSI (600)/U. TODA 07 6991′. TODA 25
not pass behind aircraft with 170.6' (52m) to 6991′. RL. Rwy 07 Land prior permission only.
213.3' (65m) wingspan on twy Juliet-2 due to Rwy 25 Land prior permission only.
insufficient wingtip clearance. Jet A1 private installation. Contact AD Man-
Apron edge taxilane between twy D and twy J1 ager.
available to acft code E and below.
AUSTRALIA
Point Cook F-3, Jet A-1.

14′ YMPC Mil. +10:00* S37 55.9 E144 45.2
Polo Flat
Apt Administration 03 8348 6888; 0458 263
2701′ YPFT +10:00 S36 13.8 E149 09.0
124; Fax 03 8348 6881;
wil.abcp@defence.gov.au. Apt Manager 03 Apt Administration 0412 435 198, AH 02 6452
9395 1937; 0437 136 397; Fax 03 9395 1938; 6636.
aos.pck@bigpond.com. 18/36 4898′ SLD.
04/22 3730′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/R/D/ Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
1000 (145 PSI) /T.
Pooncarie
164′ YPCE +10:00* S33 22.4 E142 35.0
08/26 3497′ GRAS/SOIL.
Apt Operator 03-5027-5027.
17/35 4508′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/R/D/
06/24 3453′ GRAVEL. RL. Pilot Controlled
1000 (145 PSI) /T. TODA 17 4705′. TODA 35
Lighting.
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. Pormpuraaw
ATND SKD 48 hrs prior notice and prior permis- 11′ YPMP EDR +10:00 S14 53.8 E141 36.7
sion required. Apt Manager 07-4060-4175 (AH),
24 HR prior permission required for all visiting 07-4060-4601.
aircraft. 14/32 4462′ ASPHALT. AUW-11 (100PSI).
Civil ACFT contactairport manager. TODA 14 4659′. TODA 32 4659′. RL. Pilot Con-
Military ACFT prior notice required for any trolled Lighting.
movements, contact AD Operator; Limited Air ATND SKD PPR.
Movements capability; ground handling, mar- CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt.
shalling and ground support equipment availa- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
ble; MIL passenger and air movement facility
available. Port Augusta
CSUWIL Duty Crew contact 0437 374 181. 56′ YPAG PUG +09:30* S32 30.4 E137 43.0
Birds and livestock in vicinity of airport. ARO 08 8642 3555.
Due to intensive flying training and vintage 15/33 5413′ ASPH/GRVL. PCN 21/F/A/T.
ACFT display flying, special circuit and opera- TODA 15 5610′. TODA 33 5610′. RL. Pilot Con-
tional procedures apply. All acft refer to Special trolled Lighting.
Procedures. Animals in vicinity of airport.
Aircraft should avoid overfly Point Cook base, This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
built up and residential areas. Carnet card swipe bowsers; AVGAS andJET
at or below 800 FT. A1.
Right hand CCTS required for civilian acft when F-4, Jet A-1.
operating on Rwy 04, Rwy 08 and Rwy 35.
Drop Zone (DZ) located South-East of main Port Hedland (Port Hedland Intl) Apt of
runway intersections. Entry
RAAF Museum conducts flying displays within 33′ YPPD PHE +08:00 S20 22.7 E118 37.6
R361 TUE, THU and SUN 1315-1345 LMT.
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 08 9140 1288; Mobile 0417 05/23 4183′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4380′. TODA
108856; Fax 9172 2074. ARO Mobile 0439 922 23 4380′.
070, 0417 108 850. 15/33 4757′ SAND. TODA 15 4954′. TODA 33
14/32 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 39/F/A/ 4954′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 14 8399′. TODA 32 Bird hazard exists.
18/36 3281′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 18 3478′. TODA 36 Port Macquarie
3478′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 16′ YPMQ PQQ +10:00* S31 26.2 E152
Customs. 51.8
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt. Apt Administration 02 6581 8111; Fax 6581
ABN NOT AVBL with PAL. 8123. ARO 02 6581 8744, 0418 408529; Fax
02 6581 8744.
Unlit mast bearing 222° magnetic, 2.6 NM from
ARP, 224' above AD elevation 03/21 5545′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/C/
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TORA 03 5249′. TORA 21
Pilots are requested tominimise ground running
5249′. LDA 03 4908′. LDA 21 5249′. TODA 03
of turbo-prop aircraft in the vicinity of parking
5446′. TODA 21 5446′. ASDA 03 5249′. ASDA
bays 1um speed. Turning nodes on runway end
for all turns.-4 to reduce noise levels in Termi-
nal. Light AFCT with tail skids to confined opera-
tions on Rwy 10/28.
All turns to be maximum radius and minim
Gliding operations SR-SS.
Fuel available weekdays, except publlic holi-
days 2300-1000, after hrs 1 hr prior notice. Aerobatic area east of airport and parallel to
coast.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Parachute jumping within 2 NM of airport.
ABN.
CAUTION: Animal hazard exists.
Port Keats This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
91′ YPKT PKT +08:00 S14 15.0 E129 31.8 F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Operator 08-8978 2355; Prior Notice
0407-971-652,0447-730-445,0427-604-379; Port Pirie
Fax 08-8979-2357. 39′ YPIR PPI +09:30 S33 14.3 E137 59.7
16/34 4626′ SLD. TODA 16 4823′. TODA 34 Apt Manager 08-8633-2123.
4823′. RL. 03/21 2205′ TURF. Unrated. TODA 03 2402′.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. TODA 21 2402′.
08/26 3422′ GRVL/SLD. UNRATED. TODA 08
Port Lincoln 3619′. TODA 26 3697′. RL. Pilot Controlled
36′ YPLC PLO +09:30* S34 36.3 E135 52.8 Lighting.
Apt Administration 08 8676 2106. Apt Operator Central 59 ft of rwy is sealed.
8684 3501. Ground Services H24 0428 837 17/35 3507′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 17
010. 3704′. TODA 35 3944′. ASDA 35 3747′.
01/19 4918′ ASPHALT. PCN 23/F/C/ F-4, Jet A-1.
880 (130 PSI)/T. TODA 01 5115′. TODA 19
ABN.
AUSTRALIA
Portland Apt Administration 07 4945 5510; On Call 0417

265′ YPOD PTJ +10:00* S38 19.1 E141 762 235; Mobile 0408 745 320; Fax 07 4945
28.3 3351.
Apt Administration Fax 03 5522 2290. Apt Man- 11/29 6801′ ASPHALT. PCN 53/F/B/
ager 03 5526 5201, 03 5533 2200; Mobile 0427 1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 11 6998′. TODA 29
360578. 6998′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
08/26 5302′ ASPHALT. PCN 14 F/B/ Bird, flying fox and kangaroo hazard exists.
850 (123PSI) T. TODA 08 5499′. TODA 26 Rwy 06/24 not available to aircraft above
5499′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 12,566 lbs (5700 kg).
17/35 3871′ GRAVEL. PCN 17/Unrated Natu- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ral Surface. TODA 17 4068′. TODA 35 4068′. Use of airport by ultralight and non-VH regis-
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. tered Aircraft requires the submission of a com-
Fuel available Mon-Fri 0600-1800LT, Sat pleted Conditional Agreement Form AVBL from:
0900-1300LT, Sun 1400-1800LT. After hrscall http://www.whitsundayrc.qld.gov.au/web/guest/
out fee applies. Call Apt Manager. aerodromes.
Prominent Hill Queenstown

740′ YPMH +09:30 S29 43.1 E135 31.5 867′ YQNS Mil. +10:00* S42 04.5 E145 31.8
Apt Administration 08 8672 8500: 0427 594 Apt Manager 03 64714700. FAX 03 64714720.
817. ARO H24 08 8672 8500: 0427 594 817. 09/27 4101′ GRAVEL.
Apt Manager 08 8672 8835: 0459 231 585.
Quilpie
18/36 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 26/F/B/
980 (142PSI)/T. TODA 18 7874′. TODA 36 655′ YQLP ULP +10:00 S26 36.5 E144 15.4
7874′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ARO AH 0437-925-263. Apt Manager
Restricted operations: PPR from Airport Man- 07-4656-0500.
ager. 09/27 4898′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/
Aircraft to avoid overflying the mine and plant 860 (125PSI)/T. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled
areas E of AD due obstacles and blasting. Lighting.
Wildlife Hazard. Numerous kangaroos 18/36 3510′ SAND/CLAY. UNRATED.
observed. Wildlife control vehicle, call sign This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
'Prominent Hill Ground' monitors CTAF. F-4, Jet A-1.
Aircraft required to perform MAX radius turns. ABN.
All 180 degree turns by aircraft above 12566lbs
Quirindi
(5700kg) to be at runway ends only.
1054′ YQDI UIR +10:00* S31 29.4 E150
Caution: RWY 18/36 ACFT on opposite ends of
30.8
RWY may not be able to see each other.
Proserpine (Whitsunday Coast) 06/24 3629′ ASPHALT. AUW-12. TODA 06
82′ YBPN PPP +10:00 S20 29.7 E148 33.1 3825′. TODA 24 3825′.
14/32 5807′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/
580(84 PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
F-4. Richmond (Richmond (Military))

67′ YSRI XRH Mil. +10:00* S33 36.0 E150
Ramingining
46.8
206′ YRNG RAM +09:30 S12 21.4 E134
Apt Administration H24 02 4587 2222; Fax 02
53.8
4587 2224.
10/28 7001′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 47/F/C/
09/27 4528′ GRAVEL. 1750 (254 PSI)/T. HIRL. HIALS 28.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport Bi-dir A-Gear 1226 ft AER.
Ravensthorpe Bi-dir A-Gear 1226 ft AER.
197′ YNRV RVT +08:00* S33 47.8 E120 ATND SKD Daily 2200-1300, AH (After Hours)
12.5 48 hrs PPR. Customs: Mon-Tue 2000-0620,
Apt Administration 08 9839 0000; Fax 08 9838 Wed-Fri 2000-1200, O/T 3 hrs PNR.
1282. ARO 0427 264 377 or 0418 224 839. Civil aircraft PPR. Quote approval number on
06/24 5512′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 21/F/B/ flight plan.
1170 (170PSI)/T. TODA 06 6004′. TODA 24 Glider operations SR-SS Saturday, Sunday and
5709′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. public holidays.
14/32 3937′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/B/Bird hazard exists between 2 to 3 NM on final
790 (115PSI)/T. TODA 14 4134′. TODA 32 RWY 28.
4134′. F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
Rwy 06/24 148' wide turning nodes at each Fire 6.
end. Aircraft above 12566 lbs must use turning
nodes for 180° turns. Richmond
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 676′ YRMD RCM +10:00 S20 42.1 E143
06.9
Renmark Apt Administration 07 4741 3277; Fax 07 4741
115′ YREN RMK +09:30* S34 11.8 E140 3308. ARO 07 4741 3693, 0429 967 157.
40.4 AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07-4741-3922.
Apt Administration 08 8586 6609, AH 0419 09/27 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/D/
334889; Fax 8586 6542. 830 (120PSI)/T. TODA 09 5197′. TODA 27
07/25 5709′ ASPH/GRVL. TODA 07 5906′. 5197′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
TODA 25 5906′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. CAUTION: 955 ft AMSL unlit mast, 3.7 nm/133
12/30 3596′ GRAVEL. deg from ARP.
18/36 3360′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3556′. TODA Security controlled airport.
36 3556′. AVGAS & Jet A1 available by order only.
Gliding operations sunrise to sunset. Gliders F-4, Jet A-1.
and tugs fly right hand circuts when using
rwy25. Robinvale
CAUTION: Kangaroos in vicinity of airport. 284′ YROI RBC Mil. +10:00* S34 39.0 E142
47.0
F-4.
ARO H24 0409-706-466. Apt Manager
03-50320333.
AUSTRALIA
01/19 3740′ PAVED. RL. Pilot Controlled Light- Roma

ing. 1032′ YROM RMA +10:00 S26 32.7 E148
12/30 3855′ TURF/SAND. 46.5
Bird and animal hazard exists. Apt Administration 07-4624-0600; Fax
4622-1038. H24 AWIS 07-4622-8665. ARO
Rockhampton 0427-730-531.
36′ YBRK ROK +10:00 S23 22.9 E150 28.5 09/27 2628′ TURF. TODA 09 2825′. TODA 27
Apt Administration 07-4936-8314 or 4936-8498; 2726′.
Fax 4927 7523. ARO ARO 1: 07 4936 8314, 18/36 4934′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 18/F/C/
AH 4936 3393, ARO 2: 4936 8312, AH 4921 975 (142PSI)/T. TODA 18 5869′. TODA 36
0929, ARO 3: 07 4936 8304, AH 4927 3427; 5131′. ASDA 18 5673′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Mobile ARO 1: 0409 368314. ATS 07 4931 Lighting.
5205.
04/22 5397′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
F-4.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 5594′. TODA 22
5594′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rottnest I
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. 12′ YRTI RTS +08:00 S32 00.4 E115 32.4
15/33 8425′ ASPHALT. PCN 72/F/C/ Apt Manager 08-9372-9727.
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TORA 15 8622′. TODA 15 09/27 4242′ ASPHALT. LDA 27 3678′. TODA
9606′. TODA 33 8819′. ASDA 15 8622′. MIRL. 09 4439′. TODA 27 4439′. RL.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1600 ft (487m) AER Saint Arnaud
Customs. 639′ YSTA +10:00 S36 38.2 E143 11.1
Hang gliding at Mt Helen 155/28NM from Rock- Apt Manager 03-5358-8700. (03) 5495 1500.
hampton airport, SR-SS Saturday, Sunday and 09/27 1755′ GRAVEL. 5700/450(65psi). TODA
public holidays max 4000 ft AMSL. 09 1952′. TODA 27 1952′.
Bird hazard exists. 18/36 3277′ SLD. 5700/450(65psi). TODA 18
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 3474′. TODA 36 3474′. RL. Pilot Controlled
F-4, Jet A-1. Lighting.
ABN. Fire 6 Mon-Sat 2030-1115, Sun Scherger
2100-1115. 145′ YBSG Mil. +10:00 S12 37.4 E142 05.2
Rolleston Apt Manager 03-9282-6924.
730′ YRLL +10:00 S24 27.6 E148 37.6 12/30 10003′ ASPHALT. PCN 46/F/B/
Apt Administration 1300 242 686; H24 0407 1750(254 PSI)/T. TODA 12 10200′. TODA 30
331 542; Fax 1300 242 687; 10200′.
enquires@chrc.qld.gov.au. Scone
14/32 3773′ UNKNOWN. RL. 745′ YSCO NSO +10:00* S32 02.3 E150
49.9
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 0407-789-015; Fax 02 6545 39' (12m) wingspan limitation applies to the
2671. Apt Manager 02 6540 1100. taxilane between the aircraft parking positions
11/29 4606′ ASPHALT. PCN 12 F/C/ on the N apron. Pilots are to exercise caution to
580 (84PSI). TODA 11 4803′. RL. Pilot Control- reduced wingtipclearance.
led Lighting. F-4, Jet A-1.
Fuel - 24H AVGAS, accepts Aero Refuellers
Sinclair
Carnet, Visa, MC.
1435′ YSNC +08:00* S28 20.3 E120 51.2
F-4.
Apt Administration 9055 7000.
Sea Lake 01/19 5906′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/522 (78PSI)/U.
184′ YSLK +10:00* S35 31.9 E142 53.4 TODA 01 6102′. TODA 19 6102′.
Apt Administration 1300-520-520; Fax Rwy 01/19 Right-Hand Circuit.
03-5493-7395. Restricted OPS: PPR
09/27 3412′ GRASS.
Smithton
17/35 2296′ GRASS.
31′ YSMI SIO +10:00* S40 50.1 E145 05.0
Shay Gap Apt Administration Smithton 03 6452 1153 or
565′ YSHG +08:00 S20 25.5 E120 08.4 Hobart 6233 3367; Fax 6233 6657. AWOS H24
Apt Operator 08 9176 5292; Fax 9176 5916. (AWIS) 03 6452 2812.
980(142PSI)/T. TODA 10 6467′. TODA 28 550 (80 PSI)/U. LDA 24 4675′. TODA 06 5443′.
6467′. Rwy 10 Land prior permission only. Rwy TODA 24 5443′. PORT-RL.
28 Land prior permission only. Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit.
Aircrafts above 12566 lbs (5700 kg) must use 10/28 2034′ GRAVEL. TODA 10 2133′. TODA
turning nodes for 180 degree turns. 28 2133′.
Shepparton
Bird hazard exists.
374′ YSHT SHT +10:00* S36 25.7 E145
23.5 Snake Bay
ARO 03 5832 9595, 5832 9597, 5832 9819; 173′ YSNB SNB +09:30 S11 25.1 E130 38.9
Mobile 0409 807 065, 0409 530 425, 0448 819 ARO 08 8978 3820, AH 08 8970 9131, 8978
696, AH 0418 577 420; Prior Notice 5824 1641; 3832; Mobile 0429 601 810.
5831 1987. Apt Operator 03 5832 9700; Mobile
0409 807 065; 0418 576 310; 0409 807 065;
31 4931′. RL.
Fax 03 5831 1987. Ground Services 03 5823
1481. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
09/27 1388′ GRAVEL. 5700kg(12566lbs)/ Solomon
350kPA. TODA 09 1585′. TODA 27 1585′. 2008′ YSOL +08:00 S22 15.4 E117 51.0
18/36 4521′ ASPHALT. TORA 36 4357′. LDA Apt Administration solomonair-
18 4062′. LDA 36 4062′. TODA 18 4718′. TODA port@fmgl.com.au. ARO 0498 498 076. Apt
36 4554′. ASDA 36 4357′. RL. Pilot Controlled Manager 0498 498 117, 08 6218 8888.
Lighting.
AUSTRALIA
09/27 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/ St Helens

1000(145PSI)/U. TODA 09 6758′. TODA 27 158′ YSTH HLS +10:00* S41 20.2 E148
6758′. 16.9
PPR 24 hr prior notice required from AD Man- 1551. AWOS H24 ( AWIS ) 03 6376 3581.
ager for all unscheduled aircraft OPS. 08/26 3510′ TURF/GRVL. TODA 08 3707′.
Due to terrain no circling to the North. TODA 26 3707′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
South Goulburn I
F-4.
63′ YGBI +08:00 S11 39.0 E133 22.9
Apt Manager 08-89790211; Fax 08-89790224. Stanthorpe
10/28 4593′ ASPH/BITU. TODA 10 4790′. 2934′ YSPE SNH +10:00* S28 37.2 E151
TODA 28 4790′. 59.4
Animals (dogs) on & in vicinity of apt. Apt Manager 07-4681-5500. FAX:
07-4681-5540.
Southern Cross
08/26 5613′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
1163′ YSCR SQC +08:00 S31 14.4 E119 580(84PSI)/U. TODA 08 5810′. TODA 26 5810′.
21.6 RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AWOS (AWIS) 08 9094 1025. Apt Manager Animal hazards exists.
08-9049-1001, 08-9049-1461; Fax
08-9049-1429. Stawell
09/27 4347′ UNKNOWN. PCN 9/F/A/ 807′ YSWL SWC +10:00* S37 04.3 E142
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 09 4544′. TODA 27 44.4
4544′. Apt Manager 03-53588700.
14/32 4610′ UNKNOWN. PCN 9/F/A/ 11/29 4603′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/D/
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 14 4806′. TODA 32 450(65PSI)/T. TODA 11 4800′. TODA 29 4800′.
4806′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
AVGAS (drums) available. 18/36 2802′ ASPHALT. 12566lbs (5700kg/
F-4. 450(65psi). TODA 18 2999′. TODA 36 2999′.
AWIS 122.575 MHz requires 1 second pulse to
St George
activate.
656′ YSGE SGO +10:00 S28 03.0 E148
Animals in vicinity of airport.
35.7
Rwy18 TKOF: at rwy head turn right to maintain
Apt Administration 07 4620 8888. ARO 0417
track not less than 190 degrees mag.
741 328: 0427 253 430.
Rwy 36 LDG: base leg must be no further than
11/29 4987′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/
2000ft from thr.
860 (125PSI)/T. TODA 11 5184′. TODA 29
5184′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Night operations are prohibited on Rwy 18 and
Rwy 36.
Gliding ops SR-SS, Sat, Sun & public holidays.
Wire launching.
F-4, Jet A-1.
AUSTRALIA
Strahan ABN. Fire 6.

66′ YSRN SRN +10:00* S42 09.3 E145 17.5
Swan Hill
234′ YSWH SWH +10:00* S35 22.5 E143
18/36 4003′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/D/ 32.0
450 (65PSI)/. TODA 18 4199′. TODA 36 4199′.
2340; council@swanhill.vic.gov.au.
04/22 3166′ TURF.
08/26 4905′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Streaky Bay Lighting.
69′ YKBY KBY +09:30* S32 50.1 E134 17.6 15/33 2329′ TURF.
Apt Manager 08 8626 1001, AH 0428 318 887. F-4.
05/23 2559′ GRAVEL. Sydney (Bankstown)
13/31 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 13 4629′. TODA 34′ YSBK +10:00* S33 55.5 E150 59.3
Sunrise Dam 0230. ARO 0419 294 432.
1350′ YSRD +08:00 S29 05.9 E122 27.3 11C/29C 4646′ ASPHALT. LDA 11C 4131′.
Apt Operator 08 9080 3765 (BH); Fax 9080 LDA 29C 4449′. TODA 11C 4842′. TODA 29C
3687. 4842′. MIRL.
06/24 6398′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/A/ Rwy 11C/29C Right-Hand Circuit.
600 (87PSI)/ Gravel. RL. Rwy 06 Land prior 11L/29R 3609′ ASPHALT. TODA 11L 3806′.
permission only. Rwy 24 Land prior permission TODA 29R 3806′. MIRL.
only. Rwy 29R Right-Hand Circuit.
Weight Bear Capacity (RW11L/29R):
Sunshine Coast
16000kg(35274lbs)/1050kpa(150psi)
15′ YBSU MCY +10:00 S26 36.2 E153 05.5
11R/29L 3405′ ASPHALT. TODA 11R 3602′.
ARO 0419-658-272. ATS 07-5448-7662. Apt TODA 29L 3602′.
Operator 07-5453-1500; AH 3830 5251; Fax
07-5453-1511.
THIS AD IS A SECURITY CONTROLLED APT.
12/30 2133′ SLD. 12566. TODA 12 2329′.
TODA 30 2329′. ASDA 12 2198′. F-4, Jet A-1.
18/36 5896′ ASPHALT. PCN 46/F/B/ ABN.
1500 (218PSI)/T. TODA 18 6092′. TODA 36 Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl) Apt of Entry
21′ YSSY SYD +10:00* S33 56.8 E151 10.6
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 4919, 02 9667 1592. ARO 02 9667 9824;
Caution - Outside of tower hours due to visibility Mobile 0408 681714; Fax 02 9667 9377. Apt
restrictions from THR RWY 18 and 36 to THR Operator 61 2 9667 9888.
RWY 12, pilots are to ensure no conflicts exist 07/25 8301′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/
prior to takeoff. 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TORA 07 8300′. TORA 25
F-4, Jet A-1.
AUSTRALIA
8300′. LDA 07 8300′. LDA 25 7969′. TODA 07 Twy T1 restricted to 171' (52m) max wingspan.
8596′. TODA 25 8497′. ASDA 07 8399′. ASDA Twy B5 and B6 not avbl to acft above 48,502
25 8300′. HIRL. lbs (22,000kg) MTOW. MAX tire pressure
16L/34R 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/ 203psi (1400 kPa).
1750 (254 PSI)/T. LDA 16L 7241′. LDA 34R Twy C between Twy F and Twy B4 speed
7874′. TODA 16L 8294′. TODA 34R 8196′. restriction MAX 20 kts applies to all acft above
HIRL. HIALS 16L. 171 ' (52m) wingspan.
16R/34L 12999′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/ TwyC between Twy F & Twy B4 restricted to
1750 (254 PSI)/U. LDA 16R 12720′. TODA 16R 198' (60.4m) wingspan.
13294′. TODA 34L 13297′. ASDA 16R 13097′. Twy T2, T3, T5, U, DOM2 and DOM3 restricted
HIRL. HIALS 16R. to 118' (36m) wingspan and below.
ATND SKD H24. Customs. Twy C2 restrictedto MAX 118' (36m) wingspan.
DC-10/MD-11 type acft under power not permit- Twy DOM2 north of Twy B4 restricted to MAX
ted to turn from Twy C to Twy F or Twy B3, due 118' (36m) wingspan except A330-200 aircraft
to jet blast on apron. operating to and from Bay 39.
Intersection DEP Rwy 16R/34L from Twy B3, Tw
B4and B10 restricted to 118' (36m) wingspan
and below.
ARFF Services: Water rescue serviceand freq
Twy F West Restriction - B747/B767 type air-
131.0 MHz avbl H24. Request via ATC.
craft. Twy F not available for intersection depar-
tures or taxing east towards Rwy 16R/34L. Air- CAT 10 avbl 1800-1200; CAT 9 avbl1200-1800.
craft under tow permitted. F-4, F-5, Jet A-1.
Access to corporate aviation apron restricted to ABN. Fire 10.
48,502 lbs (22,000kg) MTOW/98' (30m) wing-
Tamworth
span andbelow. Acft in excess of this are to
contact AD OPR prior to arrival. 1334′ YSTW TMW +10:00* S31 05.0 E150
50.8
Pilots of acft larger than B737/A320 to exercise
caution when taxiing on Twy A or Twy B Apt Administration 02 6760 7611 AH Duty Air-
between Twy B3 and Rwy 07/25 at intersec- port Officer 0429 582 400; Fax 6760 7556.
tions of all twy. When acft larger than B737/ 06/24 2762′ TURF. TODA 06 2959′. TODA 24
A320 are holding short of the associated rwy, 2959′.
no acft larger than B737/A320should taxi 12L/30R 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/C/
behind due to insufficient wingtip clearance. 780 (113 PSI)/T. TODA 12L 7415′. TODA 30R
A340-600, A380-800, B777-300, Antonov 7415′. MIRL.
AN124 and B747-800 aircraft operations Rwy 30R Right-Hand Circuit.
restricted and specific taxi routes apply. Con- 12R/30L 3642′ ASPHALT.
tact AD OPR on 61 2 9667 9888 for active AUW-13/1.0000 MPa. TODA 12R 3740′. TODA
operations restrictions document. 30L 3740′. RL.
Restricted Taxiways: Rwy 12R Right-Hand Circuit.
Twy B and Twy C between Rwy 07/25 and Twy 18/36 3346′ TURF. LDA 18 3225′. TODA 18
B10 not avbl to A380 acft due to weight limita- 3543′. TODA 36 3543′.
tions.
AUSTRALIA
Bird hazard exists. Animal hazard exists RWY Apt Administration 07-4992-9500; Fax
12R/30L. 07-4992-3493. ARO 0439 768 661.
Model aircraft operations5nm east of airport 08/26 3579′ SILT/CLAY. PORT-RL. Pilot Con-
3281' radius up to 400FT AGL. trolled Lighting.
PPR for turbine powered aircraft above 5700 kg 12/30 3609′ GRAVEL. PCN 4/F/A/
(12,566 lbs) MTOW, except RPT, requiring 550(80PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
parking.
Telfer
Aircraft below 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) MTOW and
charter aircraftabove 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) must 970′ YTEF TEF +08:00 S21 42.9 E122 13.7
park in Bay 1, which is limited to 15 min unless ARO 098-9158-6896, 0409-156-984. AWOS
prior permission obtained from aerodrome (AWIS) 08 9179 8437. Apt Manager
operator. 0409-549-615. Apt Operator 0409-156-984,
Direct access from main apron into terminal 08-9158-6896.
building not permitted to GA/charter aircraft 12/30 6562′ PAVED. PCN 22/F/A/
pilots and passengers. Exit and enter main 1150(165 PSI)/T. TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30
apron via gate at base of old control tower. 6758′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
See Tamworth 10-6 chart for additional require- Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
ments/restrictions. CAUTION: Mine tailings and masts protrude
This AD is a security controlled AD. through obstacle limitations surface south side
H24 fuel cardswipe bowser avbl. of rwy.
F-4, Jet A-1. Restricted Operations 24hr PPR from AD
Reporting Officer. Departure and Arrival not
ABN. Fire 5.
available during mine blasting.
Taree CAUTION: Check with UNICOM for blasting
38′ YTRE TRO +10:00* S31 53.2 E152 30.8 times.
Apt Administration 02-6592-5399, AH CAUTION: High velocity plume rise at Telfer
0409-466-396; Fax 02-6592-5311. AWOS H24 Mine power station located 2.95 nm, bearing
(AWIS) 02-6553-8254. 214 magnetic from aerodrome.
04/22 4934′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/ Bird hazard exists at dusk and dawn.
580(84PSI)/T. LDA 04 4557′. TODA 04 5131′. Twy B not available HN.
TODA 22 5131′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Twy B not available to aircraft above 12566lbs.
12/30 1850′ DIRT. LDA 12 1542′. TODA 12 (5700kg) maximum take off weight.
2047′. TODA 30 2047′. RL. Pilot Controlled Jet A-1.
Lighting.
Animals on and in vicinity of airport. Temora
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 921′ YTEM TEM +10:00* S34 25.3 E147
30.7
Fuel H24 self serve credit card bowsers availa-
ble. Apt Administration H24 02 6980 1100; Fax 02
6980 1138.
F-4, Jet A-1.
05/23 6693′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/B/1200/T.
Taroom RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
786′ YTAM XTO +10:00 S25 48.1 E149 54.0
AUSTRALIA
09/27 2756′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/B/ 10/28 4993′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 12/F/C/
580 (84PSI)/U. 550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 10 5190′. TODA 28
18/36 4816′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/B/ 5190′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 18 5072′. TODA 36 Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
5013′. 14/32 2605′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 14 2802′.
AWIS requires a 1 second pulse to activate. TODA 32 2802′. PORT-RL.
F-4. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Jet A-1.
Tennant Creek
1236′ YTNK TCA +09:30 S19 38.1 E134 Thargomindah
11.0 433′ YTGM XTG +10:00 S27 59.2 E143
Apt Administration 08 8962 2894, AH 0402 48.6
088160 or Alice Springs - 08 8951 1211, AH Apt Manager 07-4655-3133. FAX:
0402 088151. Apt Manager 08 8951 1211, AH 07-4655-3131. ARO 07 4621 8000. Apt Man-
0402 088151. ager 07 4621 8000; Fax 07 4655 3131.
07/25 6427′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/ 04/22 2776′ GRAVEL. TODA 04 2972′. TODA
700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 07 6624′. TODA 25 22 2972′.
6624′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 13/31 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/
11/29 3458′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/ 860 (125PSI)/U. TODA 13 4997′. TODA 31
700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3655′. TODA 29 4997′. RL. ALS. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
3865′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Bird & animal hazard exists. F-4, Jet A-1.
During heavy rain, standing water may be
encountered at the RWY intersection. The Monument
PPR for all regular public transport aircraft 949′ YTMO +10:00 S21 48.7 E139 55.4
above 12,566 lbs (5700kg) MTOWto remain at Apt Manager 4747-0221, 0417-747-808. Apt
or transit Tennant Creek except when planned Operator 07-4747-0998; Fax FAX
as alternate. Obtainable from Apt Manager on 07-4747-0287.
24 hrs PN. 14/32 6234′ PAVED. PCN 19/F/C/
Airport oprerator does not provide aircraft mar- 1000 (145PSI)/U. TODA 14 6430′. TODA 32
shalling. All requests to Airline or fixed base 6430′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
operators.
Tibooburra
584′ YTIB TYB +10:00* S29 27.1 E142 03.5
F-4.
Apt Administration 02 6883 3000. ARO 08 8091
Thangool 3310. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 8091 3439.
644′ YTNG THG +10:00 S24 29.6 E150 34.6 02/20 3202′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 02 3399′. TODA
Apt Administration 07 4992 9500; Fax 4992 20 3399′. PORT-RL.
3493. AWOS H24 07 4995 8705. Apt Operator PN before 0600 UTC for lighting.
Fax 4995 8241. 15/33 5026′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 5223′. TODA
33 5223′.
PN before 0600 UTC for lighting.
AUSTRALIA
Animal hazard exists. ABN. Fire 6.

F-4, Jet A-1.
Tocumwal
Tindal (Tindal (Military)) 372′ YTOC TCW +10:00* S35 48.6 E145
443′ YPTN KTR +09:30 S14 31.3 E132 22.7 36.2
Apt Manager H24 08 8973 6888. Apt Administration 03-58885100. Apt Manager
14/32 9002′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 60/F/C/ 03-58742523.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 14 9003′. TORA 32 09/27 3937′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
9003′. LDA 14 9003′. LDA 32 9003′. TODA 14 Lighting.
9478′. TODA 32 9806′. ASDA 14 9199′. ASDA Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
32 9199′. HIRL. HIALS 14. 18/36 4176′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 4373′. TODA
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. 36 4790′.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1266 ft AER. Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1515 ft AER. F-4, Jet A-1.
For AD LTG (including PAPI) outside TWR HR,
Toowoomba
CTC Rescue and Fire Fighting services 08
8973 6714 or Brisbane Centre. LZGT will be 2086′ YTWB TWB +10:00 S27 32.5 E151
activated 30 min prior to notified ETA, 15 min 54.7
prior to notified ETD and left on for a period of Apt Operator 07 4688 6788.
45 min. Illuminated wind indicator will flash for 06/24 2165′ TURF. TODA 06 2264′. TODA 24
the last 10 min. 2264′.
ATND SKD Mon-Thur 2230-0730, Fri 11/29 4400′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
2230-0530. Customs: PNR. 1250 (181 PSI)/T. LDA 11 4006′. LDA 29 4006′.
24 hrs PNR for parking of all aircraft above TODA 11 4596′. TODA 29 4596′. RL. Pilot Con-
5700 kg (12,566 lbs) - phone 0418853395. trolled Lighting.
Animal and bird hazard exists. ATND SKD First light till 1230 daily.
Aerodrome Lighting available outside tower Parachute jumping exercises operations from
hours, fixed lighting settings outside tower sunrise to sunset.
hours. For Aerodrome Lightingoutside tower Seasonal bird hazzard exists.
hours, contact base fire on 119.7 at 30NM This airport is a Security Controlled Airport.
Tindal or on tax. Ambient light detector deter- Fuel services: AVGAS avail daily 2200-1700,
mines day/evening/night modes. Setting for Jet A1 M-F 2200-0700.
day/evening/night modes are changed with ref
F-4, Jet A.
to long term seasonal conditions.
RFF CAT 6 may be available after hours with Tottenham
48 hours PNR. OT CAT 4 (Subj domestic 780′ YTOT +10:00* S32 15.4 E147 22.1
OPS). Foam paths are not available. Apt Administration 02 6895 4444.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 03/21 3900′ ASPHALT.
Acft with MTOW of 55,116 lbs (25,000KG) or 11/29 2310′ GRAVEL. TODA 11 2507′. TODA
more require 180 degree turns on rwy, must 29 2507′.
execute at threshold ends of rwy.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
AUSTRALIA
Townsville (Townsville Intl) Apt of Entry Apt Administration 08 9161 4395; Fax 08 9161
18′ YBTL TSV +10:00 S19 15.1 E146 45.9 4396; aaatst@bigpond.com.
Apt Administration 07 4727 3211, RAAF 0752 12/30 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/A/U. TODA 12
2111; Fax 4779 1843, RAAF 4752 1210. 6102′. TODA 30 6102′. RL. Pilot Controlled
01/19 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 71/F/C/ Lighting.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 01 8661′. TODA 19 ATND SKD PPR.
8661′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Animal hazard (dingoes) on movement area.
07/25 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/ AVGAS, Jet A Limited supply PPR. 08 9161
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 07 3806′. TODA 25 4395.
3806′. MIRL. Jet A-1.
Tumby Bay
Bird & animal hazards at airport.
32′ YTBB +09:30* S34 21.7 E136 05.7
Security Controlled Airport.
Apt Manager 08 8688 2101; Fax 08 8688 2639.
15/33 3599′ SLD. TODA 15 3796′. TODA 33
ABN. Fire 7.
3796′.
Trepell Rwy 15/33 lighting EMERG only by arrange-
891′ YTEE +10:00 S21 50.1 E140 53.3 ment.
ARO 07-4747-4300, 0439-760-954, Tumut
07-4769-2100. AWOS H24 (AWIS)
878′ YTMU TUM +10:00* S35 15.8 E148
07-4747-4593. Apt Manager 07-4769-2558,
14.4
0427-130-721; Fax 07-4769-2222.
14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/D/
243 016, 0429 814 400, 0427 470 555 (AH).
1050 (152PSI) /U. TODA 14 6102′. TODA 32
6102′. RL. 17/35 3478′ ASPHALT.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. Fuel: H24 AVGAS and Jet A1 self service
bowsers activated by credit cards and Skyfuel
Troughton I Carnets. Phone 0418 862 100 or refer to
27′ YTTI +10:00 S13 45.1 E126 08.9 www.skyfuel.com.au for site orie
Apt Operator H24 08-9161-4235; Fax Victoria River Downs
9161-4236.
291′ YVRD VCD +09:30 S16 24.2 E131 00.2
14/32 3222′ UNKNOWN. AUW-13/0.7000 MPa.
Phone (08) 8975 0766.
TODA 14 3419′. TODA 32 3419′. RL.
09/27 3589′ GRAVEL. RL.
ATND SKD 24hr ppr from apt operator.
Restricted Ops PPR.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Wagga Wagga
724′ YSWG WGA +10:00* S35 09.9 E147
Truscott-Mungalalu
28.0
181′ YTST +08:00 S14 05.4 E126 22.8
AUSTRALIA
ARO 02 6938 3161, 0417 658 953, 0409 771 18/36 3783′ TURF. TODA 18 3980′. TODA 36
895. Apt Manager 6926 9254; Mobile 0407 415 3980′.
371. Apt Operator Fax 6938 3146. After rain deep water puddles.
05/23 5800′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/ Animal & bird hazard exists.
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5997′. TODA 23 589 ft AMSL lit tower 330/0.7 nm from airport.
38 ft AGL lit mast adjacent to wind sock west of
12/30 2933′ TURF. TODA 12 3031′. TODA 30 Rwy 05/23.
3031′.
F-4.
From the threshold of RWY 12, traffic on short
final & on the ground near the threshold of Wangaratta
RWY 23 can be hidden from view, depending 504′ YWGT WGT +10:00* S36 24.9 E146
on aircraft size & flight path. 18.4
Bird hazard exists. Galahs common from Sep- Apt Administration 03 5722 0888. ARO 0408
tember to December. 574569. AWOS H24 AWIS 03-5722-3713.
Model aircraft flying will take place within 3281' 09/27 1739′ TURF. TODA 09 1837′. TODA 27
(1000m) radius of S35 11.2 E 147 16.4 1837′.
(approximately 10NM W of Wagga apt). SFC to 18/36 5381′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/
1000' AGL and at Mt. Coreinbob, S35 16.8 800 (116 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5577′. TODA 36
E147 33.5 (aprx 8nm SE of Wagga apt). 5577′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport. Wangaratta is the home of the National Sport
H24 Card Swipe AVGAS Aviation Centre. Intense sport aviation activities
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. will be periodically conducted here. Pilots are
ABN. advised to check NOTAM and the CTAF FREQ
for information on these activities.
Waikerie F-4, Jet A-1.
138′ YWKI +09:30 S34 11.0 E140 01.8
Apt Administration 08 8541 0700. ARO 0417 Warburton
032 691, 0417 866 652. 1510′ YWBR +08:00 S26 07.7 E126 35.0
02/20 2730′ GRAVEL. Apt Administration 08 8956 7642, 08 8956
08/26 3149′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled 7700.
Lighting. 18/36 5217′ SLD. PCN 10/F/A/
F-4. 1000 (145PSI)/U. TORA 18 5216′. TORA 36
5216′. LDA 18 5216′. LDA 36 5216′. TODA 18
Walgett 5413′. TODA 36 5413′. ASDA 18 5216′. ASDA
439′ YWLG WGE +10:00* S30 02.0 E148 36 5216′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Light-
07.5 ing.
Apt Administration 02 6828 1399; H24 0428 Warracknabeal
420 588 or 0419 995 062; Fax 02 6828 1608.
397′ YWKB WKB +10:00* S36 19.3 E142
05/23 5335′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/B/ 25.2
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5531′. TODA 23
AUSTRALIA
Apt Administration 03 5398 0100; H24 0427 Wave Hill

511 550; Fax 03 5394 1802. ARO 03 5398 658′ YWAV WAV +08:00 S17 23.7 E131
0134, 03 5398 0111. 07.1
08/26 4501′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled Phone (08) 8975 0787.
Lighting. 14/32 3806′ UNKNOWN.
17/35 2503′ TURF.
F-4. Weipa
63′ YBWP WEI +10:00 S12 40.7 E141 55.5
Warren Apt Administration 0458 033 934. ARO 0458
669′ YWRN QRR +10:00* S31 44.0 E147 033 160. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4069 9692.
48.1 Ground Services 07 4069 7318; H24 0428 197
Apt Administration 02 6847 6600; Fax 02 6847 873.
6633. ARO 02 6847 3080, 02 6847 3211. Apt 12/30 5397′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/B/
Manager 02-6847-4606. 1050 (152 PSI)/T. TODA 12 5594′. TODA 30
03/21 3461′ TURF. 5594′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
09/27 3894′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Lighting. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Warrnambool Fuel: After Hours 1HR PN, call out fee applies.
242′ YWBL WMB +10:00* S38 17.5 E142 F-4, Jet A-1.
27.2 Wentworth
Apt Manager 03-55659230. FAX 03-55626670. 120′ YWTO +10:00 S34 05.3 E141 53.5
04/22 3507′ TURF. TODA 04 3704′. TODA 22 Apt Administration 03 5027 5027; Fax 03 5027
3704′. 2199. ARO 0429 952 796 (H24).
500 (73 PSI)/U. TODA 13 4698′. TODA 31 26 3832′.
17/35 3071′ SILT/CLAY. TODA 17 3169′.
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission. TODA 35 3169′.
F-4, Jet A-1. West Angelas
2346′ YANG +08:00 S23 08.1 E118 42.4
Warwick H24 04-0977-9025. Apt Operator
1526′ YWCK WAZ +10:00* S28 09.0 E151 08-9144-8525.
56.6 04/22 6037′ GRAVEL. PCN 29/F/A/
ARO AH 0407-710-210/ 0408-953-775. Apt 1200 (174PSI)/T. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Manager 07-4661-0300; Fax 4661-0333. Jet A-1.
09/27 5381′ SLD. PCN 10/F/B/580 (84PSI)/U.
TODA 09 5577′. TODA 27 5577′. RL. Pilot Con- West Perth (Lake Johnston)
trolled Lighting. 1047′ YLJN +08:00 S32 19.1 E120 33.3
Gliding operations, Sunrise-Sunset, Saturday, ARO 9423 3500; Fax 9423 3512. Apt Manager
Sunday and Public Holidays. 9423 3503. Apt Operator 08-9426-0100.
AUSTRALIA
05/23 4593′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/A/ 04/22 2559′ CLAY. TODA 04 2756′. TODA 22
850 (123PSI)/U. TODA 05 4790′. TODA 23 2756′.
4790′. 09/27 5200′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
850 (123 PSI)/U. TODA 09 5397′. TODA 27
West Sale
93′ YWSL +10:00* S38 05.5 E146 57.9
Apt Administration 03 5142 3333; Mobile 0409
F-4.
337903; Fax 5142 3499. ARO 5149 2337.
05/23 1640′ TURF. TODA 05 1837′. TODA 23 Whyalla
1837′. 41′ YWHA WYA +09:30* S33 03.5 E137
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. 30.9
09/27 5010′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ Apt Administration BH 08 8640 3444. ARO
600 (87 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5207′. TODA 27 8640 3444, AH 8649 4031, 8645 5804, 8645
5207′. RL. ALS. 0213, 8645 3378; Mobile 0417 842459.
Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit. 05/23 4619′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4816′. TODA
14/32 2293′ TURF. TODA 14 2490′. TODA 32 23 4816′.
2490′. 17/35 5531′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. 1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5732′. TODA 35
Bird hazard exists. 6024′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CTAF procedures apply when R358 NOT ACT. All aircraft except regular public transport air-
craft must park in the light aircraft area to south
Military flying training at East Sale BRG
of regular public transport apron.
080/8.7NM FM West Sale ARP may be conduc-
ted outside R358 HR of ACT. MIL ACFT may CAUTION: Animals and bird hazard exists.
be conducting random high speed maneuvers This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
within 20NM of East Sale, CTAF(R). This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Enroute: F-4, Jet A-1.
Military training within 20NM of East Sale CTAF
William Creek
( R). Pilots shall maintain a listening watch on
West Sale/East Sale CTAF ( R) 118.3, and 300′ YWMC +09:30* S28 54.4 E136 20.5
broadcast intentions within 20NM of West Sale. ARO 08 8670 7962. Apt Manager wright-
Fuel service provided by Aero Refuellers 24 sair@bigpond.com.
hours. Limited service on weekends. Phone 11/29 3937′ SLD.
0458-411-599. Prior permission required.
Jet A-1. Birds in vicinity.
F-4, Jet A-1.
West Wyalong
859′ YWWL WWY +10:00* S33 56.2 E147 Williamson
11.5 104′ YWIS Mil. +10:00 S22 28.4 E150 10.7
Apt Administration 02 6972 2266; Fax 6972 Apt Manager 07-4931-4700. FAX:
2145. ARO 0418 652 704; 0427 723 130; 0428 07-4931-4747.
116 700. After hours: 6972 2558; 6972 3206.
AWOS H24 AWIS (Phone) 02 697 3564.
AUSTRALIA
14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/F/C/ F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
1100(159 PSI)/T. Fire 6.
ATND SKD PPR.
Wiluna
Williamtown (Williamtown Military) 1649′ YWLU WUN +08:00 S26 37.7 E120
31′ YWLM NTL Mil. +10:00* S32 47.7 E151 13.2
50.1 Apt Administration 08 9981 7010, 08 9981
Gen Aviation 02-4928-9810, 04-1728-1866; 8000.
Fax 02-4965-1556; operations2@newcastleair- 03/21 3999′ DIRT. UNRATED. TODA 03 4196′.
port.com.au. TODA 21 4196′.
12/30 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/B/ 15/33 5942′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
1750(254PSI)/U. TODA 12 8195′. TODA 30 700 (102 PSI)/U. TODA 15 6138′. TODA 33
8195′. HIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS. Pilot Controlled 6138′. RL.
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit. All aircraft must use the yellow lead in lines
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 2100-1200 UTC, Sat when entering or exiting the taxiway.
0700-1030UTC, Sun-Hol 0700-1130UTC. Cus-
toms. Windarling
CAUTION - Model acft operate at Hexham 1502′ YWDG +08:00 S30 01.9 E119 23.4
bridge surface to 400' AGL 234°/7.1NM froas Apt Administration 08 9049 4000; Fax 08 9049
plume located S32-50-00.85 e151-49-32.7, 3049. ARO H24 08-9049-4142; 08-9049-4127;
MAG BRG 195°, 2.1NM from THR Rwy 30m Mobile 0439 748 823; Fax 08 9049 4134, 08
airport and at Oyster Cove 057°/7.2nm from air- 9049 3049.
port. 10/28 6070′ ASPH/BITU. PCN 8/F/A/
CAUTION - High velocity g. 522 (76 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6266′. TODA 28
This AD is a Security Controlled airport 6266′.
Fire Protection: Category 6, 2000-1200UTC, ATND SKD PPR from AD Opr.
other times Cat 4. Restricted Operation: PPR.
Williamtown circuit area defined as 5NM radius
Windorah
of Willamtown ARP, overland, surface to 1500
AMSL. 452′ YWDH WNR +10:00* S25 24.8 E142
40.0
Circuit heights:
- JET and TURBOPROP ACFT- 1500' AMSL
04/22 4508′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
- Other FIXED WING- 1000' AMSL
- ROTARY WING- 500' AMSL
Parachute operations at Stockton Bearing 190°
AVGAS and Jet A1 bowser.
Mag/7 DME.
H24- Phone: 0417 624 422, AH 07 4658 2616.
All Civilian training aircraft must contact ATC for
EFTPOS, credit card and cash accepted. PN
approval and slot time prior to req clearance.
required. Call out fee may apply.
Circuit training is only available to operators
based at Williamtown. Please contact 02 4034 F-4, Jet A-1.
6912.
AUSTRALIA
Winton All aircraft above 5700KG MTOW must use

638′ YWTN WIN +10:00* S22 21.4 E143 turning nodes for 180 degree turns at maximum
04.9 radius, minimum speed.
ARO 4657 2659; H24 AH (H24) 0448 002 338 Limited fuel supply - contact ARO.
OR 0429 028 679. Apt Operator 07-4657-2666. Jet A-1.
05/23 2920′ CLAY. PORT-RL.
Woomera
14/32 4600′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 16/F/B/
549′ YPWR UMR Mil. +09:30* S31
900 (131PSI)/T. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled
08.6 E136 49.0
Lighting.
ARO 08 8674 3237. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08
8673 7106. Apt Manager Fax 08 8674 3217.
F-4. Apt Operator H24 08 8674 3370.
Wollongong 12/30 5295′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 12
31′ YWOL WOL +10:00* S34 33.7 E150 5492′. TODA 30 6279′. PORT-RL.
47.3 18/36 7782′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
Apt Administration 02 4221 6144, AH 4257 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 18 7979′. TODA 36
2056; Fax 4221 6016. 7979′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
08/26 4367′ ASPHALT. LDA 26 4071′. TODA Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
08 4564′. TODA 26 4564′. Animal hazard exists.
Rwy 26 Right-Hand Circuit. F-4, Jet A-1.
Practice touch and go landings are to be avoi- ABN.
ded.
Wudinna
Simulated engine failure to be avoided.
310′ YWUD WUD +09:30* S33 02.6 E135
16/34 5968′ ASPHALT. PCN 23/F/C/ 26.8
7500/1000(145PSI)/T. LDA 34 5390′. TODA 16
Phone (08) 8680 2002.
6165′. TODA 34 6165′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting. 07/25 3081′ GRAVEL.
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. 14/32 4954′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 5151′. TODA
Wycheproof
Ultralight aircraft training in vicinity of airport.
350′ YWYF +10:00* S36 03.5 E143 14.6
Woodie Woodie
887′ YWWI +08:00 S21 38.7 E121 11.5
7395.
Apt Administration 08-6314-3801; Fax 08 9483
08/26 2355′ TURF.
9156. ARO (AH) 08-6314-3868, 08 6314 3859;
Fax 08-6314-3824. 17/35 3386′ TURF.
14/32 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 31/F/A/ Wyndham
1000(145PSI)/T. TODA 14 6758′. TODA 32 14′ YWYM WYN +10:00 S15 30.7 E128 09.2
6758′.
ARO AH 0427 440 023. Apt Manager 08 9168
Restricted Operations: Prior Permission 2648; Mobile 0400 990 204; brian.sar-
Required from Airport Manager.
AUSTRALIA
geant@swek.wa.gov.au. Apt Operator AH 09/27 2480′ GRVL/SAND. TODA 09 2677′.

08-9161-1032; Fax 08-9161-1172. TODA 27 2677′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
12/30 5272′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/U. TODA 12
Yarrawonga
Lighting. 424′ YYWG +10:00* S36 01.7 E146 01.7
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Manager 0428 752 274.
Airport not available sunset to sunrise due to 01/19 3750′ ASPH/CLAY. PCN 9/F/B/T. TORA
terrain, except for emergency aircraft. Contact 19 3947′. LDA 19 3691′. TODA 01 3947′. TODA
0417-980-673. 19 4144′. ASDA 19 3947′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Sealed turning nodes each end of RW 01/19.
Hang glider ops 4nm NW of Wyndham.
Mobile agricultural irrigator may be in vicinity of
Wynyard apch to Rwy 19.
62′ YWYY BWT +10:00* S40 59.9 E145 CAUTION: R363 Mulwala (1.15 NM radius/
43.9 2000FT centered on 35 58 40S 145 58 44E,
Apt Administration 03 6642 1133; Mobile 0408 H24).
551440, 0419 369404; Fax 03 6442 4017. F-4.
AWOS AWIS 03 6442 4159.
Yorke Island
05/23 2713′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/
600 (87 PSI)/T. LDA 05 2549′. LDA 23 2516′. 10′ YYKI OKR +10:00 S09 45.2 E143 24.3
TODA 05 2812′. TODA 23 2812′. ARO 4069-4128. Apt Manager 07-4069-1446;
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. Fax 07-4069-1868.
09/27 5413′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/ 12/30 3281′ ASPHALT. LDA 12 3084′. LDA 30
1250 (181 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5610′. TODA 27 3084′.
5610′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ATND SKD PPR.
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Pilots departing RWY 23 in strong SW winds Young
can expect downdraughts and moderateto
1267′ YYNG NGA +10:00* S34 15.0 E148
severe turbulence.
14.9
Caution: Bird hazard exists.
Apt Administration 02-6380-1200; Fax
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 02-6380-1299.
AH 60 MIN PN. AH callout fees apply 01/19 4003′ ASPHALT. TODA 01 4199′. TODA
1800-0600. 19 4199′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Yarram
60′ YYRM +10:00 S38 34.0 E146 45.3
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03-5182-5697. Apt Man-
ager 03 5142 3333; Fax 03 5182 6264.
05/23 3576′ SAND/SILT. TODA 05 3773′.
TODA 23 3773′.
EAST & CENTRAL AUSTRALIA

6010′. RL.
lines or FBO.
inop.
Supervisor.
(5700kg) MTOW.
Adelaide 10-4 page.
F-4, Jet A-1.
clear at all times. Albury
Bird hazard exists. 539′ YMAY ABX +10:00* S36 04.1 E146
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. 57.5
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Apt Administration 02 6041 2360, 0407 898
ABN. Fire 8 CAT8 2030-1330UTC; CAT5 178. 0418 691 776; Fax 02 6043 5869. ARO
1330-2030UTC (CAT8 on request minimum 1 0418 691 776, 0428 691 801. Apt Manager 02
6043 5865: 0407 898 178. Apt Operator Fax
hours. 02-6043 5869.
07/25 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/C/
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 07 6529′. TODA 25
57′ YPPF +09:30* S34 47.6 E138 38.0 6529′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Administration 08 8307 5700; Fax 8281 Rwy 07 Right-Hand Circuit.
5006. ARO 08 8308 9333.
03L/21R 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 03L 4626′.
TODA 21R 4626′. RL.
Low visibility departure on Rwy 07/25 not avail- RESTRICTION: Acft 176,370 LBS (80,000 KG)
able below 1804' (550M) visibility. and above must use Rwy 12/30 THR turning
Air BP-ACA Maintenance: 2200-0800 JO 30 nodes. Acft turn starboard 180 degrees. Line
MIN PN. Phone 02 6021 2929; AH 3021 2032 designed fo accommodate B777-300ER/
1HR PN, FAX 6041 1297. AVGAS H24 Air BP A340-600 normal turn radius. All acft to use
Carnet Swipe Bowser, O117, O125, E1. MIM speed and MAX radius turns to avoid
Mobil: D 2200-0700. H24 Card Swipe AVGAS pavement damage.
Bowser. H24 Duty Refueller: 0413 003 808. Jet F-4, Jet A-1.
A1. 1HR PN. AH Office 02 6041 1599. AH Call ABN. Fire 6.
out fee applies.
Alpha
F-4, Jet A-1.
1255′ YAPH ABH +10:00 S23 38.8 E146
ABN.
35.0
Alice Springs Apt of Entry Apt Manager 07-4985-1166.
1789′ YBAS ASP +09:30 S23 48.5 E133 18/36 4777′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/B/
54.0 580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 18 4974′. TODA 36
5046.
Amberley (Amberley Military)
12/30 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 60 F/B/
91′ YAMB Mil. +10:00 S27 38.4 E152 42.7
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 12 8983′. TODA 30
8983′. MIRL. HIALS 12. Apt Operator 0438 173 642, 07 5361 2888.
17/35 3717′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/B/ 04/22 4997′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/
750(109PSI)/U. TODA 17 3914′. TODA 35 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5194′. TODA 22
3914′. RL. 5194′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Customs. Bi-dir A-gear 1522 ft AER.
Bird hazard exists. Bi-dir A-gear 1522 ft AER.
CAUTION: Sealed drag strip located 1KM west 15/33 9997′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/C/
of airport boundary, aligned parallel with 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 15 10193′. TODA 33
runway 17/35. May be mistaken for runway. 10193′. ASDA 15 10226′. ASDA 33 10193′.
CONFIRM runway identification by runway HIRL. HIALS 15. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
markings/lights. Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit.
Unscheduled operations diverting into Alice Bi-dir A-Gear 1400 ft AER.
Springs require prior notice to the ARFF and Cracking and spalling of the concrete surface of
Airport Management. Rwy 15 exists between 8000' and 7000' of take-
Aircraft with wingspan 118 FT (36M) and above off run markers. Aircrew are advised to exercise
must execute over steer turns fromRwy 12/30 judicious use of reverse thrust in this area of
onto Twys C and D due insufficient Twy edge the Rwy.
clearance. Bi-dir A-Gear 1200 ft AER.
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. ATND SKD 2200-1300 Mon-Thu, 2200-0430
Manned balloon activity in vicinity of circuit area Fri. Other times 48 hrs PPR. Customs: 24 hr
sunrise and early mornings. PNR.
48 HR PPR for all civil ops.
Birds and Animals in vicinity of apt. 09/27 3661′ GRAVEL. TODA 09 3858′. TODA
Fruit bat hazard may exist within circuit area, 27 3858′.
main activity period one hour after last light. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
All aircraft must provide their parked APN/PSN F-4, Jet A-1.
to ATC on initial taxi request.
Atherton
CAT 6 - AD operating hours. CAT 4 all other
times. 2460′ YATN +10:00 S17 15.7 E145 30.9
Apt
Traffic pattern altitudes - jet acft 1500 FT, light Administration 07-4043-4100; aero-
acft 1000 FT, helicopters not above 500 FT. dromes@trc.qld.gov.au. ARO 0407-735-835,
07-4043-4656.
Model acft 2.5 NM NW of AD up to 300 FT.
15/33 3819′ GRASS.
PJE 6 NM SW of AD up to and including CTA.
UAV 296° 7 NM up to 400 FT AGL.
Agricultural ops take place within a 10 nm
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
radius up to 500' AGL.
Fire 6.
Ultralight ops within 5 NM of apt.
Andamooka Bird and animal hazard exists.
250′ YAMK ADO +09:30* S30 26.3 E137 F-3.
08.2
Aurukun
Apt Manager 08-8672-7078. Fax (08) 8672
7181. 29′ YAUR AUU +10:00 S13 21.2 E141 43.2
07/25 3150′ TURF. Apt Manager 07-4060-6144. after hours:
07-4060-6122.
Ararat 16/34 4134′ SLD. PCN 6/F/B/850(125 PSI)/U.
1008′ YARA ARY +10:00* S37 18.6 E142 RL.
59.3 This AD ia a Security Controlled Airport
Avalon Apt of Entry
04/22 2165′ TURF. TODA 04 2362′. TODA 22
2362′. 35′ YMAV AVV +10:00* S38 02.4 E144 28.2
12/30 4068′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ Apt Administration Fax 5282 3335. ARO 03
500 (73PSI)/U. TODA 12 4265′. TODA 30 5227 9470; Fax 03 5227 9108. Apt Operator 03
4265′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 5227 9100, AH 03-5227-9150.
2336′. 1750(254PSI)/T. TODA 18 11001′. TODA 36
10797′. ASDA 18 10197′. ASDA 36 10197′.
Armidale MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
3556′ YARM ARM +10:00* S30 31.7 E151 Customs.
37.0 Prior permission required from aerodrome oper-
Apt Administration 02 6770 3600 AH 02 6772 ator for all non-training flights and use of aero-
3099; Fax 02 6772 9275. drome as an alternate. Contact aerodrome
05/23 5702′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/ operator before hours (BH) at 03 5227 9100
700 (101 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5899′. TODA 23 and after hours (AH) at 03 5227 9470.
5899′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. CAUTION: Bird Hazard exists.
This AD ia a Security Controlled Airport Ballarat

Jet A-1. Oxygen. 1433′ YBLT +10:00* S37 30.7 E143 47.5
ABN. Fire 6. Apt Administration 03 5320 5581; Fax 03 5338
1494. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5339 6891. Apt
Ayers Rock Operator 014 678176; 0418 137784.
1626′ YAYE AYQ +09:30 S25 11.2 E130 05/23 4150′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
58.5 450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 05 4347′. TODA 23
Apt Administration 08 8957 7888. ARO 08 8956 4347′.
2020 diverts to 0428 881325; Fax 08 8956 13/31 1864′ TURF. TODA 13 2060′. TODA 31
2137. Apt Manager 08 8956 2020, 08 8956 2060′.
2630; Fax 08 8956 2545.
18/36 4085′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
13/31 8527′ ASPHALT. PCN 37/F/A/
450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4281′. TODA 36
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 13 8724′. TODA 31 4281′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CAUTION: Blasting 3281' (1000m) north of rwy
All regular public transport and fixed base oper-
18 thr, debris to 100' AGL.
ators contact aerodrome operator for details.
In NIL wind conditions use Rwy 18.
CAUTION: Hazardous conditions exist for light
Bird hazard.
acft when ldg on rwt arriving directly from over-
seas airport require minimum 7 day dotice; all Apt restricted to acft below 12,566lbs (5700kg).
others require 24 hr notice by Email or FAX. Acft above 12,566lbs (5700kg) and/or
450kPa(65PSI) tire pressure ctc AD OPR for
approval.
Motor Gliders with a wing span greater than 49
Twy C Max wing span is 49' (15m).
ft (15M) required to give airport 72 hr notice to
arrange parking, andshould also fold wings AWIS activated by a 1 second transmission.
F-4, Jet A-1.
prior to entering the general aviation apron and
parkingarea.
Ballera
F-4, Jet A-1.
385′ YLLE +10:00 S27 24.5 E141 48.5
Fire 6.
Bairnsdale 6400.
165′ YBNS BSJ +10:00* S37 53.2 E147 03/21 5905′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 30/F/A/
34.1 1130(165 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6102′. TODA 21
ARO 0412 432 325. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 6102′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
5153 2798. Apt Operator 03 5153 9500; 03 Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit.
5153 2897; Fax 03 5153 2897. ATND SKD PPR.
04/22 3612′ GRVL/SLD. PCN 11/F/B/
Ballina (Ballina/Byron Gateway)
560(81psi)T. TODA 04 3816′. TODA 22 3816′.
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 7′ YBNA BNK +10:00* S28 50.0 E153 33.7
13/31 2789′ SLD. PCN 11/F/B/550 (80PSI)/T. Apt Administration PH 02-6686-4444. ARO
TODA 13 2986′. TODA 31 2986′. 0414-482-584, 0400-327-134. Apt Operator
6681-1858, fax 6681-1873.
06/24 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ Baryulgil

780 (113psi)/T. TODA 06 6430′. TODA 24 398′ YBYL +10:00* S29 13.0 E152 36.9
6430′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration Mobile 0418 341 797; Fax
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. 03 9923 6464. ARO 02 6647 2101; Fax 02
Flying fox (bat) hazard exists aroung dusk. 6647 2232.
Birds in vicinity of airport. 15/33 4900′ ASPHALT.
ThisAD is a Security Controlled Airport. PPR Contact ARO
Landing fees for all aircraft.
Bathurst
Parachute ops may occur in drop zone in the
Ballina Township 1.8NM south of airport. 2435′ YBTH BHS +10:00* S33 24.6 E149
39.1
F-4, Jet A-1.
Balranald 6115. 0439 792 340. ARO 0408 639075, 6331
210′ YBRN BZD +10:00* S34 37.4 E143 1622. Apt Operator 0417 818 869.
34.7 08/26 4314′ TURF/GRVL. TODA 08 4511′.
Apt Manager 050-201300. TODA 26 4511′.
2329′. RL. 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5791′. TODA 35
18/36 3888′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 4085′. TODA 5791′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
36 4085′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit.
F-4. Frequent mowing operations occur within
runway strips during summer.
Barcaldine Birds in vicinity of airport.
880′ YBAR BCI +10:00 S23 33.9 E145 18.4 Occasional gliding operations during hours of
Apt Operator 07 4651 5600, AH 0428 683 465. day light.
01/19 5591′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/ AD not avail sunset to sunrise except for medi-
1000 (145PSI) /T. TORA 01 5584′. TORA 19 cal emerg and other aircraft with PN to ARO
5584′. LDA 01 5584′. LDA 19 5584′. TODA 01 0417 818 869 or police 0439 792 340
5781′. TODA 19 5781′. ASDA 01 5584′. ASDA This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
14/32 3658′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 14 3855′.
TODA 32 3855′. Bathurst I
Prior permision for all operations above 67′ YBTI BRT +09:30 S11 46.1 E130 37.2
44092lbs. ARO AH 08 8978 3832; Mobile 0417 818 869.
CAUTION: Bird and animal hazard exists. Apt Operator Airport Manager.
This airport is a security controlled airport. 15/33 4823′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
All aircraft turn at runway ends. 580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 15 5020′. TODA 33
No minimum radius turns. 5020′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1. Animals in vinity of airport.
Aerodrome no available sunrise to sunset
except for medical emergencies and other air-
craft with prior notice to ARO 0417 818 869or 04/22 3422′ ASPHALT. LDA 22 3205′. TODA
Police 0439 792 340. 04 3619′. TODA 22 3619′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Bedourie
300′ YBIE BEU +10:00 S24 20.8 E139 27.6 27 1916′.
14/32 5938′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 9/F/A/ Birdsville
850 (123PSI)/T Sealed. RL. Pilot Controlled 159′ YBDV BVI +10:00 S25 53.8 E139 20.8
Lighting. ARO 07-4656-3220. Apt Operator
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 07-4746-1202; 4656-3350.
03/21 3937′ CLAY. RL.
Benalla
14/32 5682′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
569′ YBLA BLN +10:00* S36 33.1 E146 00.4 850 (123PSI) /U. TODA 14 5978′. TODA 32
Apt Manager 057-621533. FAX (057) 625537. 5879′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
08R/26L 3422′ TURF/SLD. PCN 10/F/B/ This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
450(PSI65)/U. TODA 08R 3619′. TODA 26L F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
17R/35L 2356′ TURF. TODA 17R 2552′. TODA Blackall
35L 2552′. 928′ YBCK BKQ +10:00 S24 25.7 E145 25.7
Rwy 17R Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration 07 4657 4222; Fax 4657
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 4726. ARO AH 4657 4470, 4657 4428, 4657
F-4. O/R. 4311.
06/24 5538′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/
Bendigo 1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 06 5735′. TODA 24
705′ YBDG +10:00* S36 44.4 E144 19.8 5735′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Manager 03-54346000. 12/30 5259′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 12 5456′.
05/23 2516′ ASPHALT. TODA 05 2713′. TODA TODA 30 5456′. PORT-RL.
23 2713′. CAUTION: Animal and birds hazard exists.
17/35 3724′ ASPHALT. PCN PCN 8/F/D/ This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
450 (65PSI)/T. TORA 35 4003′. TODA 17 F-4, Jet A-1.
3921′. TODA 35 4199′. ASDA 35 4003′. RL.
Pilot Controlled Lighting. Blackwater
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. 657′ YBTR BLT +10:00 S23 36.2 E148 48.4
Animal hazard. ARO 0408 763 356. Apt Manager 0467 761
PAL + AFRU requires three one-second pulses 076. Apt Operator 0429 000 349.
to activate. 18/36 3816′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
F-4. 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4547′. TODA 36
4012′. RL.
Birchip Sunrise-Sunset,.
340′ YBIR +10:00* S36 00.0 E142 55.0 Possibility of kangaroos on movement area.
Apt Manager 1300 520 520; Fax 03 5493 7395.
Blasting takes place at various sitentact (07) All aircraft except regular public transport, must
49805725 to confirm blasting activity. By prior park in light aircraft area to west of taxiway and
arrangement no blasting occurs one hour either apron.
side of regular public transport movements. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
Airportnot available Sunset-Sunrise except for 24 hr AVGAS & JET A1-Shell Carnet Card
medical operations aircraft. swipe. (Cash and Credit Card by arrangement.
Private AD. AD subject to restricted operations. Callout fee applies.) JET A1-Underwing refuel-
PPR required for all operations - contact 0477 ing available by arrangement.
314 726. F-4, Jet A-1.
Bowen
Borroloola 26′ YBWN ZBO +10:00 S20 01.2 E148 12.9
55′ YBRL BOX +08:00 S16 04.5 E136 18.1 Apt Operator 0407 672 404; 0417 762 235; 07
Apt Manager 08-8924-7202. 08-8924-7513. 4945 5510.
02/20 3770′ GRAVEL. 04/22 4321′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/580 (84PSI) /U.
F-4, Jet A-1. LDA 22 3980′. TODA 04 4334′. TODA 22 4518′.
Boulia 12/30 2956′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/
542′ YBOU BQL +10:00 S22 54.8 E139 54.0 350 (51PSI) /U. TODA 12 3153′. TODA 30
ARO 0427-163-773. Apt Manager 3153′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
07-4746-3188, AH 4746-3176, 4746-3179, F-4.
0427-128-212.
14/32 5909′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/ Brewarrina
730(106PSI)/U. TODA 14 6106′. TODA 32 414′ YBRW BWQ +10:00* S29 58.4 E146
6106′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 49.0
Birds in vicinity of airport. Apt Manager 02-6839-2106.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 03/21 4547′ ASPHALT. TODA 03 4744′. TODA
F-4. 21 4744′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Bourke
352′ YBKE BRK +10:00* S30 02.3 E145 Brisbane (Archerfield) Apt of Entry
57.1 63′ YBAF +10:00 S27 34.2 E153 00.5
Apt Administration 02 6830 8000; H24 0419 ARO 3277-5722; Mobile 0414 233903; Fax
722 055 (AH). 3277 6828. Apt Operator 07-3275-8000; Fax
05/23 6004′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 3275-8001; aac@archerfieldairport.com.au.
580 (84PSI)/U. LDA 23 6099′. TODA 05 6201′. 04L/22R 4085′ DIRT. LDA 22R 3133′. TODA
TODA 23 6201′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 04L 4281′. TODA 22R 4281′.
18/36 3281′ DIRT. TODA 18 3478′. TODA 36 04R/22L 3609′ DIRT. TODA 04R 3806′. TODA
3478′. 22L 3806′.
Animal and bird hazard exists. 10L/28R 4859′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TORA 10L 4826′. TORA 28R
4655′. LDA 10L 4826′. LDA 28R 4655′. TODA
10L 5023′. TODA 28R 4852′. ASDA 10L 4826′. Bundaberg

ASDA 28R 4655′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Light- 107′ YBUD BDB +10:00 S24 54.2 E152 19.1
ing. Apt Administration 1300 883 699; 0418 750
10R/28L 3609′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 10R 3806′. 565; H24 0418 796 991; Fax 07 4155 0924.
TODA 28L 3806′. ARO 4155 1238 or 0418 796991, AH 0418 750
Customs. 565. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4155 1858.
Flying Foxes and birds in vicinity of apt. 07/25 3701′ TURF. TODA 07 3898′. TODA 25
Significant increase in Flying Foxin vicinity of3898′.
west boundary in the approach to Rwy 10. 14/32 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 45/F/C/
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 204PSI (1410kPa)/T. TODA 14 6758′. TODA
F-4, Jet A-1. 32 6758′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ABN. Increased flying fox activity in vicinity during twi-
light periods.
Brisbane (Brisbane Intl) Apt of Entry This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
13′ YBBN BNE +10:00 S27 23.0 E153 07.0 Ultralight ops take place within 1nmradius
H24 07 3406 3072; Fax 3406 3116. Apt Man- Booyan 14nm NW Bundaberg not above 1000'
ager 07 3406 3000; Fax 3406 3101. Apt Opera- AGL.
tor H24 DUTY TERMINAL MGR 07 3406 3171. F-4, Jet A-1.
01/19 11680′ ASPHALT. PCN 108/F/D/1750/T. ABN.
TORA 01 11483′. LDA 01 11483′. TODA 01
11877′. TODA 19 11877′. HIRL. HIALS. Burketown
14/32 5774′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ 21′ YBKT BUC +10:00 S17 44.9 E139 32.1
1000 (145PSI)/T. TORA 14 5577′. TORA 32 Apt Manager 07-4745-5100. after hours:
5577′. LDA 14 5577′. LDA 32 5577′. ASDA 14 07-4745-5192, FAX: 07-4745-5181.
5577′. ASDA 32 5577′. MIRL. 03/21 4501′ ASPHALT. TODA 03 4698′. TODA
ATND SKD H24. Customs. 21 4698′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Animal activity.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ABN. Fire 9. Glider Ops during daylight hrs during the dry
season; Winched or towed to 3000ft.
Broken Hill
F-4, Jet A-1.
959′ YBHI BHQ +09:30* S32 00.1 E141 28.3
Apt Administration 08 8080 3300; Fax 08 8080 Cairns (Cairns Intl) Apt of Entry
3423. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 8087 4618. 10′ YBCS CNS +10:00 S16 53.1 E145 45.3
05/23 8251′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ Apt Manager 07 4080 6703; H24 07 4052 9744;
690 (100 PSI)/T. TODA 05 8449′. TODA 23 Fax 07 4080 6704.
8449′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 12/30 3035′ ASPHALT. AUW-13/0.5000 MPa.
14/32 3281′ SAND. TODA 14 3478′. TODA 32 TODA 12 3232′. TODA 30 3232′.
Birds & animals in vicinity of airport. 15/33 10354′ ASPHALT. PCN 90/F/D/
F-4, Jet A-1. 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TORA 33 10485′. TODA 15
10682′. TODA 33 10682′. ASDA 33 10485′. Canberra Apt of Entry

HIRL. HIALS 15. 1886′ YSCB CBR +10:00* S35 18.4 E149
Customs. Apt Administration 02 6275 2222; Fax 02 6275
Bird hazard exists. 2244.
Rwy 12/30 not available at night. 12/30 5508′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 1050 (152 PSI)/T. LDA 30 5295′. TODA 12
5705′. TODA 30 5705′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled
Fuel Services available dailly 2000-0800Z, after
Lighting.
hours with 1 hour prior notice. Phone 07 4035
9686 (24H). CAUTION: Night operations Rwy 30 - high
ground to right of approach path. Pilots unfami-
F-4, Jet A-1.
liar with local terrain should limit descent to
ABN. Fire 8. 2400 ft until past lit mast on Disaster Hill. (BRG
Camden 120/1 NM from RWY 30 THR).
230′ YSCN CDU +10:00* S34 02.4 E150 17/35 10771′ ASPHALT. PCN 62/F/B/
41.2 1500 (218PSI) /T. TORA 17 8802′. LDA 17
8802′. LDA 35 8802′. TODA 17 10797′. TODA
Apt Administration 02 4655 8064 or 02 9796
35 10968′. ASDA 17 9787′. HIRL. HIALS 35.
2300; Fax 02 4655 9907. ARO 02 9796 2300.
06/24 4803′ ASPHALT. AUW-6/0.6000 MPa.
Last 1969' (600m) of rwy 17 not available for
LDA 24 3396′. TODA 06 5000′. TODA 24 5000′.
landing.
Customs.
PPR from AD OPR if ACN at MAX ACFT OPR
10/28 2372′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-6/0.6000 MPa.
weight is greater than PCN or tire pressure is
TODA 10 2470′. TODA 28 2470′.
greater then RWY listed value.
PN to AD OPR required for non-scheduled
Glider operations daylight. widebody ACFT movements.
On final App to all Rwys terrain may cause sig- Pavement Concessions REQ in advance from
nificant variations to wind speed and direction. AD OPR if ACN at MAX ACFT OPR weight
F-4, Jet A-1. (MTOW) is greater than PCN or tyre pressure is
ABN. greater than RWY listed value. PERM tyre
pressure concession as per AIP-AD 1.1-48
Camooweal (Camooweal Ala) NOT AVBL.
780′ YCMW CML +10:00 S19 54.7 E138 5 working days PN required to AD OPR for
07.5 pavement concessions.
Apt Administration 07 4747 3200; Fax 07 4747 WI lateral and vertical limits of class C airspace
3209. ARO Mobile 0488 594 526. Apt Manager up to 5500'.
07 4747 3311.
Class C airspace may be reactivated for
13/31 4062′ SLD. 5700/740 (107PSI). TODA 13 RPT/VIP ACFT at any time. Check NOTAM and
4160′. TODA 31 4190′. PORT-RL. ATIS for airspace status.
SPECIAL PROCEDURES:
1 Noise Abatement Procedures (NAP) apply. Fruit bat hazard may exist in circuit area. Main
Refer AIP DAP. activity period is from last light to 1 1/2 hours
2ACFT departing Canberra CTR at or below after last light between late December and end
3500', are not required to make an airborne call of February.
to TWR. Remain on TWR FREQ within the Powered para-gliding operating from airport.
CTR. On exit from the CTR, change FREQ and Jet A-1.
squawk code 1200 (MIL ACFT -6000).
3 CB TWR 118.7 is the Controlling Authority of Ceduna
the Canberra Class C airspace, up to and 77′ YCDU CED +09:30* S32 07.8 E133 42.6
including 3500'. H24 (AWIS) 08-8625-3426. Apt Manager 0417
4 To minimize delays, and subject to weather 713 574. Apt Operator 08-8628-7197.
conditions, inbound fixed wing ACFT proposing 11/29 5735′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
to enter Class C airspace should request clear- 750 (110 PSI) T. TORA 11 5709′. TORA 29
ance at or ABV 4000' on the appropriate CB 5709′. LDA 11 5709′. LDA 29 5709′. TODA 11
APP FREQ. 5905′. TODA 29 5905′. ASDA 11 5709′. ASDA
5 For TFC management reasons, inbound 29 5709′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ACFT may be positioned onto a 5 NM Final. 17/35 3327′ GRAVEL. UNRATED, GRAVEL.
Rotating beacon on Mt. Ainslie northwest of TODA 17 3524′. TODA 35 3524′. PORT-RL.
apt. Bird hazard exists, particularly between August
HELOPR in CCT are parallel to and in close and February.
proximity to RWY final. Subject to ATC clear- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ance, helicopters may expect landing and F-4, Jet A-1.
departure clearance from HEL parking areas S
of TWY C. ARR and DEP from the GA and RPT Century Mine
aprons not AVBL. 416′ YCNY +10:00 S18 45.2 E138 42.4
TWY K is suitable for acft with wingspan less Apt Manager 0413 927 444.
than 79 ' (24m). 14/32 5741′ PAVED. LDA 32 4626′. TODA 14
TWY C suitable for acft ops at a ramp weight 5938′. TODA 32 5938′. RL. PORT-RL.
below 30,865lbs (14000KG) & max wingspan l Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit.
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7.
Charleville
Casino 1003′ YBCV CTL +10:00 S26 24.8 E146
86′ YCAS CSI +10:00* S28 53.0 E153 04.0 15.8
ARO 6662 5207, 6662 3278. Apt Manager 02 Apt Administration 07 4656 8355, AH 0409
6660 0300, AH 0408 162750; Fax 6662 5198. 343633. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4654 2861.
10/28 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/D/ 12/30 5000′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 7/F/B/
580 (84 PSI)/T. 550 (80 PSI) /U. TODA 12 5499′. TODA 30
Due to the possibility of acft at opposite ends of 5499′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
the rwy not being visible toeach other, in NIL- 18/36 3500′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 3697′. TODA
wind conditions, operations should be confined 36 3697′.
to Rwy 10. Gliders and tugs operating SR-SS. Bird and animal hazard exists.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Acft greater than 12,566 LBS (5700KG) to
F-4, Jet A-1. apply to AD OPR for pavement concession.
ABN. Unrestricted OPR for acft 12,566 LBS (5700
KG) or below, and for medical emergency acft.
Chillagoe This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
1123′ YCGO LLG +10:00 S17 08.6 E144 F-4, Jet A-1, J.
31.7
Apt Administration Fax 07-4092-5138. ARO Cleve
0407-735-835. Apt Manager 1-300-362-242. 589′ YCEE CVC +09:30* S33 42.6 E136
17/35 3218′ SLD. Unrated. TODA 17 3415′. 30.3
TODA 35 3415′. RL. PORT-RL. AWOS (AWIS) 08 8628 2871. Apt Manager
Bird and animal hazard exists. 08-8628-2004.
Chinchilla 26 4626′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
1030′ YCCA CCL +10:00 S26 46.2 E150 Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
37.0 18/36 2936′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3035′. TODA
Apt Manager 0427-997-887, 07-4662-7056. 36 3035′. RL.
03/21 1949′ CLAY. TODA 03 2047′. TODA 21
2047′. Cloncurry
14/32 3497′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/C/ 616′ YCCY CNJ +10:00 S20 40.1 E140 30.3
850(123PSI)/U. TODA 14 3694′. TODA 32 Apt Administration 07-4742-4100; Mobile
3694′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 0428-181-981; Fax 07-4742-2888. ARO
F-4, Jet A-1. 07-4742-1235; On Call 07-4742-2200,
0427-739-842; Mobile 0428-181-981,
Clermont 0427-739-842.
908′ YCMT CMQ +10:00 S22 46.4 E147 06/24 3796′ ASPHALT. Unrated. TODA 06
37.2 3993′. TODA 24 3993′. PORT-RL.
Apt Administration 07 4983 4700; Fax 07 4983 12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/1200T.
2978. ARO 07 4983 4721; Mobile 0409 884 TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30 6758′. RL. Pilot Con-
494, 0418 791 597, 0419 688 600. trolled Lighting.
01/19 3504′ GRAVEL. TODA 01 3701′. TODA Birds and Flying Foxes in vicinity of airport.
19 3701′. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
15/33 4301′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/D/ F-4.
805(117PSI)/T. TODA 15 4498′. TODA 33 ABN.
Caution: Blasting 3NM North of airport from Cobar
0930-1230LTand 1500-1700LT Mon, Tue, Thu, 724′ YCBA CAZ +10:00* S31 32.3 E145
Fri and 0700-1130LT and 1500-1700LT Wed, 47.6
Sat, Sun. Contact 0417 735 741/0409 884 494 ARO 0408-649-003. Apt Manager
All aircraft requiring to park or refuel on the 0407-226-881; Fax 02-6836-1561.
main apron must obtain prior permission from 05/23 5564′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/
the Isaac Council. 700(102PSI)/T. LDA 05 5272′. LDA 23 5272′.
TODA 05 5761′. TODA 23 5761′. RL. Pilot Con- Brisbane Center 134.2 operates Coffs Harbour
trolled Lighting. Class E airspace H24
17/35 4006′ CLAY/SAND. TODA 17 4203′. RPT aircraft may conduct straight-in
TODA 35 4203′. approaches outside TWR hours.
Animals and birds in vicinity of airport. SEV TURB off W end of Rwy 10/28 during
This Airport is a Security Controlled Airport. strong winds.
Fuel Service 1 hr prior notice,call out fee RPT apron is security restricted. Passenger
applies. screening applies in main RPT Terminal.
F-4, Jet A-1. Unscreened access through charter lounge at
N end of RPT Apron. All non-RPT aircraft must
Coen obtain prior approval of AD OPR or FBO to gain
533′ YCOE CUQ +10:00 S13 45.6 E143 access to and from RPT apron. Charges apply.
06.8 FBO: 02 6652 2700 or AD OPR: 0418 869 285
Apt Manager 07-4069-5444. (24 hr).
11/29 3966′ GRVL/SLD. PCN 8/F/B/ Bird hazard exists.
800 (116 PSI)/U. TODA 11 4163′. TODA 29 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
4163′. PORT-RL. F-4, Jet A-1.
Bird and animal hazards exist. ABN.
Collarenebri
F-4, Jet A-1.
500′ YCBR CRB +10:00* S29 31.3 E148
Coffs Harbour Apt of Entry 34.9
18′ YCFS CFS +10:00* S30 19.2 E153 07.0 Apt Manager 02-6828-1399. FAX:
Apt Administration 02 6648 4000, AH 02 6651 02-6828-1608.
3740; Mobile 0418 869285; Fax 02 6648 4381. 04/22 2106′ TURF.
ARO 0418 869285. 18/36 4003′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled
03/21 6824′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/ Lighting.
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 03 7021′. TODA 21 No fuel or facilities available.
Condobolin
650′ YCDO CBX +10:00* S33 03.9 E147
10/28 2785′ ASPHALT. LDA 10 2379′. TODA
12.5
10 2884′. TODA 28 2884′.
Apt Administration 02-6895-1900. Apt Manager
Customs.
02-6895-2377. or 02-6895-4444.
Coffs TWR Operates Coff Harbour Class D air-
space BLW 4500FT AMSL during TWR
19 5092′. ASDA 01 4600′. ASDA 19 4895′. RL.
HR;contact TWR for clearance in this airspace.
Outside TWR HR, Coff Harbour ClassD air-
space reclassified to Class G. 10/28 3947′ GRAVEL. TODA 10 4150′. TODA
28 4150′.
TWR hours may change at short notice; check
status of Air Space with ATS or Coffs ATIS.
Coober Pedy ters and ultra-lights: $5.50/tonne-minimum

740′ YCBP CPD +09:30* S29 02.4 E134 $5.50.
43.2 Night landing fee: $22.00 from 2000 local.
Apt Manager 08-8672-5298. Overnight parking $11/night-$33/week.
04/22 4685′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled Commercial Charters: 5 or more passengers-
Lighting. passenger tax $12.50/passenger arriving and
14/32 2720′ TURF. PCN 6/F/B/700(102PSI)/U. departing. Tonnage fee or passenger tax apply-
TODA 14 2917′. TODA 32 2917′. whichever is higher. Charter flights require prior
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. notification.
F-4, Jet A-1. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
Polo Flat airfield located adjacent to Cooma
Cooktown Township and 9NM NE of Cooma - Snowy
26′ YCKN CTN +10:00 S15 26.7 E145 11.1 Mountains AD. Polo Flat has a separate ERSA
Apt Administration 07 4069 5444, AH 07 4069 entry.
5360. F-4, Jet A-1.
800 (116 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5535′. TODA 29
5535′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Coominya
Bird and animal hazard exists. 300′ YBCM +10:00 S27 23.5 E152 27.7
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Manager 07 5426 4614; Mobile 0413 452
547.
Coolah 04/22 1312′ UNKNOWN.
1654′ YCAH CLH +10:00* S31 46.4 E149 Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
36.6 12/30 3281′ UNKNOWN.
Apt Manager 04-2977-1758; Fax Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit.
04-6842-1337. Apt Operator 02-6849-2000.
PPR
08/26 3524′ GRVL/TURF. TODA 08 3720′.
TODA 26 3720′. RL.
Avoid model acft 4921' (1500m) NE of airport.
Cooma-Snowy Mountains F-6.
3106′ YCOM OOM +10:00* S36 18.0 E148
58.4 Coonabarabran
AWOS H24 AWIS 02 6452 6256. Apt Manager 2117′ YCBB COJ +10:00* S31 19.9 E149
02 6452 5999; Fax 6452 3999. 16.0
14/32 2041′ GRAVEL. TODA 14 2238′. TODA Apt Manager 02 6842 1944.
32 2238′. 01/19 2129′ GRASS. TODA 01 2326′. TODA 19
18/36 6955′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/A/ 2326′.
580 (84PSI)/T. LDA 18 6722′. TODA 18 7152′. 11/29 4987′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
TODA 36 7152′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 580(84PSI)/T. TODA 11 5482′. TODA 29 5282′.
Airport charges: $11.00/tonne-minimum $11 for ASDA 11 5285′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
single engine acft, $22 for other acft. Helicop- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
F-4.
Coonamble Parachute jumping exercises within 5nm of air-

604′ YCNM CNB +10:00* S30 59.0 E148 port up to10000 ft SR-SS.
22.5 Gliders fly right hand circuits for rwys 05 and
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6822 4049. Apt Man- 14.
ager 02-6822-1333.
Corryong
963′ YCRG CYG +10:00* S36 11.0 E147
53.3
12/30 1903′ TURF. TODA 12 2100′. TODA 30
ARO BH 02 6076 2012, 0418 648 412; Fax
2100′.
6076 2197. Apt Manager 02 6071 5100 (H24);
CAUTION: Birds and animals in vicinity of air- Fax 02 6071 2747.
port.
06/24 4596′ ASPH/GRVL. LDA 06 4340′. LDA
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 24 4308′. TODA 06 4793′. TODA 24 4793′.
F-4. Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit.
Cootamundra F-4.
1110′ YCTM CMD +10:00* S34 37.4 E148 Cowell
01.7
127′ YCWL CCW +09:30* S33 40.0 E136
Apt Manager 02-6942-2744. FAX: 53.5
02-6942-3690.
ARO 0427 973 219. Apt Manager 08 8629
10/28 2805′ TURF. UNRATED, 2231; Fax 08 8629 2152.
GRASSED BLACK CLAY. TODA 10 3002′.
04/22 3898′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 04 4094′.
TODA 28 3002′.
12/30 3468′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 12 3665′.
16/34 4613′ ASPHALT. PCN 2/F/B/ TODA 30 3665′.
650 (94PSI)/T. LDA 34 3694′. TODA 16 4810′.
17/35 4829′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 17 5026′.
TODA 35 5036′.
F-4.
Cowra
Corowa
966′ YCWR CWT +10:00* S33 50.7 E148
469′ YCOR CWW +10:00* S35 59.4 E146 38.9
21.1
Apt Administration 02 6033 1277; Fax 02 6033 2011. ARO 02 6340 2069.
3317.
03/21 3825′ TURF. TODA 03 4022′. TODA 21
05/23 5994′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 4022′.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 05 6191′. TODA 23
15/33 5348′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 15 5597′. TODA 33
14/32 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 5643′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
580 (84 PSI)/U. LDA 32 4852′. TODA 14 5197′.
F-4, Jet A-1.
TODA 32 5197′.
Bird hazard exists. Croker I
51′ YCKI CKI +08:00 S11 09.9 E132 29.0
Apt Manager 08-89790299. ABN. Fire 8.

13/31 4701′ SAND. TODA 13 4898′. TODA 31
Delamere
4898′.
730′ YDWF +10:00 S15 44.7 E131 54.4
Cudal Apt Administration PH 08 8977 0541; Fax 08
1610′ YCUA +10:00* S33 16.7 E148 45.8 8977 0555.
Apt Manager 02-6361-5815. Fax # 063-615815. 09/27 3700′ GRVL/CLAY.
09/27 4446′ SLD. TODA 09 4622′. TODA 27 AVGAS available.
4622′. RL. Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
Deniliquin
Cunnamulla 316′ YDLQ DNQ +10:00* S35 33.6 E144
630′ YCMU CMA +10:00 S28 01.8 E145 56.8
37.3 ARO 0408 819798. AWOS (AWIS)
ARO 07-4655-1777, AH 04-2755-1732. Apt 03-5881-5807. Apt Manager 03 5898 3000.
Operator 07-4655-8400; Fax 07-4655-1647. 06/24 3999′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/D/
06/24 2999′ ASPHALT. TODA 06 3196′. TODA 580 (84PSI) /T. TODA 06 4491′. TODA 24
24 3196′. PORT-RL. 4491′. ASDA 06 4196′. ASDA 24 4196′. RL.
12/30 5686′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 12 5883′. TODA 30 12/30 4879′ TURF/CLAY. TODA 12 5075′.
5883′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. TODA 30 5075′.
Kangaroos on airport. Bird hazard exsists.
Radio mast 857 ft MSL 5 NM from airport bear- F-4.
ing 131 degrees magnetic.
F-4. Devonport
33′ YDPO DPO +10:00* S41 10.2 E146 25.8
Darwin (Darwin Intl) Apt of Entry Apt Administration 03 6421 4911.
103′ YPDN DRW +09:30 S12 24.9 E130 06/24 6030′ ASPHALT. PCN 29/F/C/
52.6 1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 06 6227′. TODA 24
Apt Administration 08 8920 1811, BH 08 8920 6227′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
1800; H24 08 8920 1852; Fax 08 8920 1800. Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit.
11/29 11004′ ASPHALT. PCN 81/F/C/ 14/32 2887′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 3084′. TODA
1750(254 PSI)/T. TODA 11 11299′. TODA 29 32 3084′.
11299′. HIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS 29.
18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/C/
1050(152 PSI)/U. TODA 18 5197′. TODA 36
5197′. PORT-RL. F-4, Jet A-1.
ATND SKD H24. Customs. ABN.
Bird hazard exists. Dochra (Dochra (Military))
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. 228′ YDOC Mil. +10:00* S32 39.0 E151 12.5
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. Apt Administration 02 6575 0345.
18/36 3281′ GRAVEL. Right hand circuits runways 23 and 29 whenair-

ATND SKD 48hr PN from Range control ph: line training in progress.
065-788396. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
CAUTION: Animal hazard exists. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
Donald
409′ YDOD +10:00* S36 21.6 E143 00.4 East Sale (East Sale (Military))
Apt Administration 1300 520 520; Fax 03 5493 23′ YMES SXE Mil. +10:00* S38 05.9 E147
7395. 09.0
09/27 3826′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 09 4023′. TODA ATC 03 5146 7214; Fax 03 5146 7217.
27 4023′. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 04/22 7993′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/
18/36 2585′ TURF. TODA 18 2782′. TODA 36 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 04 7995′. TORA 22
2782′. 7995′. LDA 04 7995′. LDA 22 7995′. TODA 04
8192′. TODA 22 8192′. ASDA 04 7995′. ASDA
Doomadgee 22 7995′. MIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS 22.
159′ YDMG DMD +10:00 S17 56.4 E138 Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
49.3
09/27 7316′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/C/
Apt Administration 07 4745 8188; Fax 07 4745 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 09 7513′. TODA 27
8185. ARO 07 4745 8333. 7513′. MIRL. PORT-RL.
12/30 5449′ SLD. PCN 10/F/B/850 (123 PSI)/U. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
ATND SKD 2200-1200 Mon-Thur, 2200-0500
trolled Lighting.
Fri, other times and public holidays MBZ proce-
F-4, Jet A-1. dures apply. After hrs 48 hr prior notice except
Dubbo for scheduled movements. Facilities may be
unmanned during promulgated hr. Duty Con-
935′ YSDU DBO +10:00* S32 13.0 E148
troller available - 03-5146-6111.
34.5
Glider flying - SR-SS Sat, Sun & Hols. Wire
launching. Pilots are to avoid overflying airport.
4119. ARO 0417 717 871: 6801 4560.
Civil aircraft landings not permitted without prior
05/23 5604′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/
approval from CFS operations on 03 5146
700 (101 PSI)/U. TODA 05 5801′. TODA 23
7334.
Pilots are to include their approval number on
their flight plan.
11/29 3501′ PAVED. TODA 11 3698′. TODA 29
Significant large bird hazard exists up to 3000ft
3698′.
AMSL around airport and adjacent wetlands.
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. Maximum hazards Spring and Summer.
ATND SKD H24. Customs. Militaryaircraft may conduct aerobatic and
Bird and animal hazard (kangaroos and walla- abrupt maneuvers within proximity of the aero-
bies) exists. drome.
PJE ACT WI 2NM of airport, exit height up to Limited Ground Support Equipment available.
14,000 ft. Drop aircraft will broadcast on man- Contact ESL BP 03 5146 6888 for availability.
datory broadcast zone frequency prior to drop. F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire 5. Jet A-1. Oxygen.

ABN. Fire 6.
Echuca
323′ YECH ECH +10:00* S36 09.4 E144 Elcho I
45.7 101′ YELD ELC +09:30 S12 01.2 E135 34.2
Apt Manager 03-54812200. Fax: 03-54812290. Apt Administration 08-8987-9040, fax
05/23 1673′ GRAVEL. 08-8987-9212. Apt Manager H24
17/35 3615′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/ 0458-898-944; mya.manager@marthakal.org.
800 (PSI 116)/T. TODA 17 3812′. TODA 35 10/28 4724′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/
3812′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. A 580 (84psi)/U. TODA 10 4921′. TODA 28
F-4. 4921′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Possibility of animals on movement area.
Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military))
Animals in vincinity of airport.
67′ YPED +09:30* S34 42.1 E138 37.2
AWOS (AWIS) 08 7383 2417. Apt Manager Emerald
08-2562222. 624′ YEML EMD +10:00 S23 34.0 E148
04/22 6437′ TURF. TODA 04 6634′. TODA 22 10.7
6634′. RL. Apt Manager 0408 194913, 0407 331542, 0409
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. 794912. Apt Operator 07 4980 4941.
18/36 8399′ ASPHALT. PCN 44/F/C/ 06/24 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/D/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 18 8596′. TODA 36 1350 (196 PSI)/T. TODA 24 6430′. RL. Pilot
8596′. ASDA 18 8481′. ASDA 36 8487′. MIRL. Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 18 Right-Hand Circuit. 15/33 3038′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. TODA 15
ATND SKD Mon-Thu 2230-1330, Fri 3235′. TODA 33 3235′.
2230-0730, other times as required. Customs. All C130 operations require prior approval and
PPR for all Civilian acft. Call 08 7383 3247 or pavement concession.
7383 2114. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Fire 6 avbl 2215-1330 Mon-Fri, 2215-0730 Fri, For current fees and charges http://
After hours and Public holidays Fire 4. www.chrc.qld.gov.au.
CAUTION: Birds vicinity of airport. Fuel card swipe available. 24HR PN required
CAUTION: Railway .16nm S of rwy 18/36. for non RPT services and for services after
hours, Saturday, Sunday and public holiday.
C17 and similar HVY ACFT requiring backtrack
on RWY 18/36 are to utilise the concrete ends F-4, Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
of RWY 18/36 for turning, unless directed other- Flinders I
wise by ATC.
34′ YFLI FLS +10:00* S40 05.5 E147 59.6
CTAF OPS: Due to terrain shielding vehicles
and aircraft com limited when communicating-
144; Fax 6359 2145. ARO 0429 813 929.
directly from opposite ends of Rwy 18/36. Air-
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 6359 2351.
craft with known limited ground com (EG PC9)
and all vehicles are required to enter Rwy 18/36 05/23 3510′ SLD. PCN 7/F/B/610 (88 PSI)/T.
from Twy K, F or C. Aircraft with multi antennae LDA 23 3327′. TODA 05 3707′. TODA 23 3707′.
must use upper antennae for CTAF com. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. 06/24 4150′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/B/

14/32 5643′ SLD. PCN 7/F/B/610 (88 PSI)/T. 8000/580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 06 4347′. TODA 24
TODA 14 5840′. TODA 32 5840′. RL. Pilot Con- 4347′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
trolled Lighting.
Georgetown
995′ YGTN GTT +10:00 S18 18.3 E143 31.8
Bird and kangaroo hazard exists.
Apt Manager 07-4062-1233. or 07-54821277.
Night landings rwy 23 not authorized, night
06/24 3799′ ASPHALT.
takeoffs rwy 05 not authorized.
PCN 5700/735 (107PSI). TODA 06 3996′.
AWIS 134.4 activated by 1 second transmis- TODA 24 3996′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
sion.
CAUTION: AD Not registered or certified. Reg-
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. ular NOTAM service not provided. Pilots and
Fuel service - 48HR prior notice required. operators must check NOTAMS and CTC AD
F-4, Jet A-1. OPR directly to ensure currency and accuracy
ABN. of AD movement areas and light info. Refer to
IAL DAP 1-4
Forbes F-4, Jet A-1.
760′ YFBS FRB +10:00* S33 21.8 E147
56.1 Gladstone
Apt Administration 02 6850 2875. ARO 0418 59′ YGLA GLT +10:00 S23 52.2 E151 13.4
972 063 or 02 6850 2881. AWOS AWIS 02 Apt Administration 07 4977 8800; On Call 07
6851 4090. 4978 2201; Fax 07 4978 1314. Ground Serv-
09/27 4029′ ASPHALT. TODA 09 4226′. TODA ices H24 07 4978 2201.
27 4226′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 10/28 6447′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/B/
F-2. 1400 (2030 PSI)/T. TORA 10 6381′. TORA 28
6299′. LDA 10 6037′. LDA 28 5643′. TODA 10
Garden Point 6578′. TODA 28 6496′. ASDA 10 6381′. ASDA
90′ YGPT GPN +09:30 S11 23.9 E130 25.5 28 6299′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ARO Mobile 0400 271 228. Apt Manager Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit.
08-89783988; Fax PH 08 8978 3803. Possibility of flying foxes in the vicinity of aero-
04/22 4314′ SAND/GRVL. Unrated. TODA 04 drome, particularly at dusk to dawn.
4511′. TODA 22 4511′. Pilot Controlled Light- Due to limited parking, non-scheduled aircraft
ing. above 12, 566 lbs MTOW & Jet aircraft 48 hrs
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. notice required.
CAUTION: High intensity lighting in vicinity of
Gayndah
railway on approach to Rwy 10.
369′ YGAY GAH +10:00 S25 36.9 E151
37.2
Fuel services available 2030 - 0500. After hrs
Apt Administration AH 0409 060 956; Fax 07
call out fee will apply, PN required.
4161 1425. ARO 07 4161 1425. Apt Manager
07-4161-1377. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
Glen Innes ARO AH 0429 392 001. Apt Manager

3433′ YGLI GLI +10:00* S29 40.5 E151 41.4 02-6839-2106.
Apt Manager 02-6732-2555. 12/30 3399′ GRAVEL. TODA 12 3596′. TODA
10/28 5499′ GRAVEL. PCN 12 /F /C / 30 3596′.
580 (84PSI) /U. TODA 10 5696′. TODA 28 Goolwa
5696′.
104′ YGWA +09:30* S35 28.9 E138 45.1
14/32 4915′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/C/
Apt Manager 08-8555-4030: 0427-812-422.
580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 14 5705′. TODA 32
5912′. ASDA 14 5509′. ASDA 32 5715′. RL. 01/19 3576′ DIRT.
Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 01 Right-Hand Circuit.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. ATND SKD PPR.
Fuel: U.
Gold Coast Apt of Entry
21′ YBCG OOL +10:00 S28 09.9 E153 30.3 Goondiwindi
Apt Administration BH 07 5589 1100; H24 0407 714′ YGDI GOO +10:00* S28 31.3 E150
755722; Fax 07 5536 2838. 19.2
14/32 8176′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/A/ Apt Manager 07-4671-1512.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 14 7684′. LDA 14 04/22 4396′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 4/F/B/
7684′. LDA 32 6699′. TODA 14 7880′. TODA 32 100psi(690kPa)/U. TODA 04 4593′. TODA 22
8373′. ASDA 14 7684′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled 4593′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Lighting. 12/30 2608′ CLAY.
Full length Departures Rwy 32 require 30 F-4.
minute prior notice for Airport management
approval. Contact Airport Safety Officer on Goulburn
0407-755-722 or via ATC relay on 121.8 MHz. 2141′ YGLB GUL +10:00* S34 48.6 E149
Acft departing Rwy 32 must use Twy K inter- 43.6
section for departure.Declared distances for ARO 0403-368-933. AWOS (AWIS)
Twy K Departure: TORA/ASDA 7684'(2342M), 02-4823-6005. Apt Manager 02-4823-0444.
TODA 7881' (2402M), LDA 6699' (2042M). 04/22 4209′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
17/35 1909′ ASPHALT. TODA 17 2106′. TODA Lighting.
35 2008′. 08/26 2218′ DIRT.
Customs. AWIS Activated by a 1 second transmission.
Birds in vicinity of airport. h to 4500FT. Gliding FREQ 122.150 and CTAF
For Noise Abatement Procedures see Gold 127.150 monitored when airborne.
Coast page 10-4. F-4, Jet A.
PAL + AFRU requires three one-second pulses
to activate. PAL + AFRU activates MIRL only. Gove
F-4, Jet A-1. 205′ YPGV GOV +09:30 S12 16.2 E136
49.1
ABN. Fire 8.
Goodooga 1370; Fax 08 8987 1516, 08 8987 2451. ARO
459′ YGDA +10:00 S29 04.4 E147 22.6
0448 863 903; Mobile 0407 619 350, 0418 839 conjtrolled gates located at the western end of
664, 0447 801 141. the terminal or next to the Griffith Aeroclub
13/31 7244′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/ located at the end of taxiway A.
1150 (167 PSI)/T. TODA 13 7441′. TODA 31 F-4, Jet A-1.
Groote Eylandt
F-4, Jet A-1.
53′ YGTE GTE +09:30 S13 58.5 E136 27.6
Grafton Apt Administration 08 8987 4444; Fax 08 8987
110′ YGFN GFN +10:00* S29 45.6 E153 4300. ARO H24 0447 866 322; 08 8987 7108;
01.8 Fax 08 8987 7106.
Apt Administration 02 66430200, AH 02 10/28 6237′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/
66433886; Mobile 0408 662244; Fax 02 700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6434′. TODA 28
66427647. ARO 02 66425785; Mobile 0417 6434′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
664846. Bird hazard exists at SR-SS.
18/36 5607′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ CAUTION: Blasting may take place during day-
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5804′. TODA 36 light.
5804′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
Extensive light and ultralight aircraft activity Airport is an aboriginal reserve and a permit is
Northwest of airport. required to proceed past airport.
CAUTION: Fruit bats in vicinity of airport from F-4, Jet A-1.
last light to 1 1/2 hours after last light between
mid February and the end of April. Gunnedah
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 863′ YGDH GUH +10:00* S30 57.7 E150
AVGAS by tanker SR-SS weekdays, callout 15.0
weekends 1 hour prior notification phone 0401 Apt Administration 02 6740 2100; Fax 6740
940 070. After hours callout fee may apply. 2119. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6742 5323.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5597′. TODA 29
Griffith 5597′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
439′ YGTH GFF +10:00* S34 15.0 E146 Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit.
04.0
17/35 1942′ TURF. TODA 17 2139′. TODA 35
ARO 0419-167-741. AWOS H24 AWIS 02 6962 2139′.
7636. Apt Manager 02-6962-8100.
06/24 5590′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/B/
1400(203 PSI)/T. TODA 06 5889′. TODA 24
18/36 1969′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 18 2165′. Hamilton
TODA 36 2165′. 803′ YHML HLT +10:00* S37 38.9 E142
Entry to the main passenger terinal from airside AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5574 8276. Apt Man-
is available during repeat operations. Access to ager 03-5573-0444.
landside outside these hours is via the keypad
400(58 PSI)/U. TODA 10 4242′. TODA 28 1400 (203PSI)/T. TODA 11 6758′. TODA 29
4242′. 6758′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
17/35 4606′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ Flying foxes and birds in vicinity of airport.
600(87 PSI)/U. TODA 17 4803′. TODA 35 Parachute jumping activity within 5 NM of apt.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Hobart (Cambridge)
Hamilton I (Hamilton I.) 67′ YCBG +10:00* S42 49.6 E147 28.5
15′ YBHM HTI +10:00 S20 21.5 E148 57.1 Apt Operator 03-6248-5490; Fax
Apt Administration 07 4946 8615 or 4946 8031. 03-6248-5714.
ARO 0414 594592. 09/27 3648′ ASPHALT. LDA 09 3028′. LDA 27
14/32 5787′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/A/ 3333′. RL.
1105 (166 PSI)/T. LDA 14 5590′. LDA 32 5590′. Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
TODA 14 6033′. TODA 32 5984′. RL.
14/32 3225′ ASPHALT. LDA 32 2887′.
PPR, PN for lighting.
Fuel: Daily 2200-0700; Requires prior notice on
ACFT carrying livestock or Dangerous Goods weekends between May and Sep.
Class 1 explosives require prior approval from
F-4.
AD OPR.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Hobart Apt of Entry
Parachuapproach surafces.te jumping in vicinity 13′ YMHB HBA +10:00* S42 50.2 E147 30.6
of airport. Apt Administration 03 6216 1600.
CAUTION: Yacht masts may infringe Rwy 12/30 7385′ ASPHALT. PCN 63/F/D/
14/32 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 12 8041′. TODA 30
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 8074′. ASDA 12 7582′. ASDA 30 7582′. HIRL.
F-4, Jet A-1. HIALS 12. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Hay
Customs.
305′ YHAY HXX +10:00* S34 31.9 E144
49.8
During conditions of less than Cat 1 minima,
Apt Manager 02-6993-1003. Fax: 02-69931288.
only 1 aircraft is permitted on the maneuvering
04/22 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ area.
500(72 PSI)/U. TODA 04 4997′. TODA 22
Acft above 79,366 lbs (36,000 kg) MTOW must
15/33 3740′ CLAY.
use nodes for 180° turns, except B737, A319,
F-4. A320, A321, BAE146, B717, B727, C130,
Hervey Bay F100, E170 and E109.
60′ YHBA HVB +10:00 S25 19.1 E152 52.8 Aircraft above 18701 lbs (5700 kg) MTOW must
use nodes for 180° turns unless otherwise
ARO 0412-253-267, fax 4125-3963. Apt Opera-
directed by ATC.
tor 07-4194-8101; Fax 4194-8107.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Passenger facilities include: toilets, public tele-
ABN. Fire 7. phone, refreshment, public transport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Hooker Creek
1050′ YHOO HOK +09:30 S18 20.2 E130 Horsham
38.6 445′ YHSM HSM +10:00* S36 40.2 E142
ARO 08 8975 0329. Apt Manager 08 8975 10.4
0329. Apt Manager 03-53829777.
10/28 5118′ DIRT. TODA 10 5315′. TODA 28 08/26 4336′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
5315′. PORT-RL. Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 17/35 3278′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/B/
F-4, Jet A-1. 580(84PSI)/U. TODA 17 3474′. TODA 35 3796′.
Hopetoun F-4, Jet A-1.
256′ YHPN HTU +10:00* S35 42.9 E142
21.6 Hughenden
Apt Administration 03-5083-3124 (after hours), 1043′ YHUG HGD +10:00 S20 48.9 E144
03-51398-0100; Fax 03-5394-1802. 13.5
01/19 3730′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ Apt Operator 07-4741-2900, AH 4741-1387.
600 (87PSI)/U. LDA 01 3641′. TODA 01 3927′. Ground Services 07 4741 1536; Mobile 0438
TODA 19 3927′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 290 403; Prior Notice AH 4741 0131.
08/26 1598′ CLAY. 06/24 3051′ GRAVEL. PORT-RL.
12/30 5394′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/A/850/U. RL.
Horn Island Pilot Controlled Lighting.
43′ YHID HID +10:00 S10 35.2 E142 17.4 Bird and animal hazard.
ARO 07 4069 1972; H24 04 2969 1338, 07 CAUTION: Two 1367 ft unlit masts 212 deg/
4069 1314. AWOS H24 07 4069 2615. Apt 2.8nm from ARP.
Manager 07 4069 1336; Fax 07 4069 1845.
Ground Services H24 0488 513 374; Fax 4069
2225. Fuel: Mon-Fri 2hr PN required. Sat-Sun PN
required. Call out fee applies. JET A1 (drums).
08/26 4557′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/A/
1000(145PSI)/T. TORA 08 4754′. RL. Pilot F-4, Jet A-1.
Controlled Lighting. Innisfail
14/32 4052′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/A/ 46′ YIFL IFL +10:00 S17 33.5 E146 00.7
850(123PSI)/T. TORA 14 0′. LDA 32 0′. TODA
14 0′. TODA 32 4249′. ASDA 14 0′.
03/21 4406′ UNKNOWN.
Limited aircraft parking available. Contact air-
port manager, 48 hour prior notice. 14/32 4439′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Parachute jumping operations withinn 5NM of
Contact Airport Manager for Terminal accessc-
airfield. Contact Airport Manager for additional
odes.
information.
Agricultural operations take palce within 10NM Airport notavailable when Kalkara OPS in pro-
upto 500ft AGL. gress.
F-4. SS-SR ops: conduct circuits to east and north
of arpt; avoid OVFT of HMAS Creswell and
Inverell avoid area 1NM SW of arpt.
2667′ YIVL IVR +10:00* S29 52.7 E151 08.6 Avoid OVFT of Bowen Island at all times.
Apt Administration 02 6728 8288. ARO 0428 Parachute jumping SR-SS, Sat, Sun and public
477 745, AH 02 6723 1222. holidays.
04/22 2297′ TURF. TODA 04 2395′. TODA 22 In an EMERG outside YSNM tower hours,
2395′. declare the EMERG on Melbourne Center
16/34 6936′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 121.2 MHz.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 16 7133′. TODA 34 Circuit altitudes outside YSNW tower hours:
7133′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. MIL helicopters at or below 2000' AMSL; other
Due to rwy levels, acft may not be sighted on helicopters 1200' AMSL.
opposite ends of the rwy.
F-4. Julia Creek
404′ YJLC JCK +10:00 S20 40.1 E141 43.3
Jabiru Apt Manager 07-4746-7166. FAX:
85′ YJAB JAB +09:30 S12 39.5 E132 53.6 07-4746-7549.
ARO H24 0467 721 193. AWOS AWIS 08 8979 10/28 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/D/
3181. Apt Manager 08 8938 1470; Fax 08 8938 830 (120 PSI)/U Sealed. RL. Pilot Controlled
1415. Lighting.
09/27 4944′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/ Birds in vicinity of airport.
A700(102PSI)/U. TORA 09 4600′. TORA 27 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
4600′. LDA 09 4600′. LDA 27 4600′. TODA 09
4862′. TODA 27 4862′. ASDA 09 4600′. ASDA Kalkgurung
27 4600′. PORT-RL. 647′ YKKG KFG +08:00 S17 25.9 E130 48.5
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. On Call AH 08-8975-0790. Apt Manager
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 08-8975-0799.
F-4, Jet A-1. 03/21 4101′ GRVL/SLD. Unrated. TODA 03
4298′. TODA 21 4298′. RL.
Jervis Bay (Jervis Bay (Military))
13/31 3038′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 13
200′ YJBY Mil. +10:00* S35 08.8 E150 41.8 3235′. TODA 31 3235′.
Apt Administration 02 4424 1257. AWOS H24 Birds and animals in vicinity of airport.
AWIS 02-4424-2531.
08/26 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/
900 (131 PSI)/T. Karumba
15/33 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/ 18′ YKMB KRB +10:00 S17 27.3 E140 49.9
900 (131 PSI)/T. Apt Manager 07-4745-9188. after hours:
24HR PPR from Airfield coordination center. 07-4745-9265. FAX: 07-4745-1340.
03/21 4521′ GRVL/SAND. TODA 03 4718′. King I

TODA 21 4718′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled 132′ YKII KNS +10:00* S39 52.6 E143 52.7
Lighting. Apt Administration 03 6462 9000; Fax 03 6462
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt. 1313, 6462 1313. AWOS H24 AWIS 03 6462
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 1014. Apt Operator 03 6462 1499; Fax 03 6462
Fuel 1hr PN. 1509.
F-4. 06/24 2625′ GRAVEL. PCN 5/F/A/
450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 06 2821′. TODA 24
Kempsey 2821′.
54′ YKMP KPS +10:00* S31 04.5 E152 46.2 10/28 5200′ SLD. PCN 11/F/A/580 (84 PSI)/U.
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 02 6563 1530. Apt Man- TODA 10 5397′. TODA 28 5397′. RL. Pilot Con-
ager 02 6566 3200. trolled Lighting.
04/22 5390′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/ 17/35 3625′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/B/
1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5587′. TODA 22 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 17 3822′. TODA 35
5587′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 3822′. PORT-RL.
16/34 2014′ TURF. LDA 16 1732′. TODA 16 Birds in vicinity of airport.
2113′. TODA 34 2113′. CAUTION: Unlit 811 ft AMSL mast 12 nm
Airport Manger after hours - 0427 707 853. southeast of airport.
F-4. CAUTION: VHF transmissions of TAX ACFT
may be subject to GND shielding. Extreme cau-
Kerang tion must be exercised.
254′ YKER KRA +10:00* S35 45.1 E143 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
56.4
ABN.
05/23 2267′ SAND. TODA 05 2464′. TODA 23 Kingaroy
2464′. 1492′ YKRY KGY +10:00 S26 34.8 E151
14/32 3501′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 3697′. TODA 50.5
32 3697′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 07 4162 6200, (AH) 4162
F-4. 5133; Fax 4162 4806.
05/23 4275′ GRASS. TODA 05 4472′. TODA 23
Kidston 4472′.
1620′ YKID +10:00 S18 52.2 E144 10.4 16/34 5249′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/B/
Apt Manager 07-4062-1233. FAX: 800 (116 PSI)/T. TODA 16 5446′. TODA 34
07-4062-1285. 5446′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
03/21 4101′ UNKNOWN. RL. Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit.
Kimba CAUTION: Glider operations SR-SS. Simulta-
neous operations from glider strip marked with
763′ YIMB +09:30 S33 06.0 E136 27.6
pink tires, parallel to Rwy 16/34.
Gliders operate from within rwy strip when
03/21 5184′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 03 5381′. TODA using Rwy 05/23. Glider/tug circuits on glider
21 5381′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. strip 16/34 to the west, other aircraft circuits to
15/33 3648′ CLAY/SAND.
the east. Gliders/tugs right hand circuits glider Kubin

strip 16. 15′ YKUB +10:00* S10 13.6 E142 13.4
Where possible, aircraft should conform to ARO 07 4069 4295. Apt Manager
established runway direction in use. Join circuit 07-4069-1446; Fax 07-4069-1868.
for Rwy 16/34 in downwind position or upwind 11/29 3281′ UNKNOWN. LDA 11 3084′. LDA
along Rwy16/34 to avoid glider circuit. 29 3084′.
If use of a crossing runway is operationally nec- Bird and animal hazard exists.
essary, a wide circuit to join a long final clear of
RESTRICTED OPS: prior permission required
established circuit traffic is advised. On depar-
fromAD operator.
ture, maintain runway heading until clear of
other traffic. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
AVGAS H24 Cardswipe Bowser (MC and V Lake Cargelligo
credit card only). Other services Phone 074162 555′ YLCG +10:00* S33 16.7 E146 22.1
2629 for details.
Apt Manager 02-6895-2377. or 02-6895-4444.
F-4, Jet A-1.
06/24 3937′ GRAVEL.
Kingscote 12/30 2887′ CLAY/TURF.
24′ YKSC KGC +09:30* S35 42.8 E137 31.3
Lake Evella
256′ YLEV LEL +09:30 S12 29.9 E135 48.3
2885. ARO H24 0407 715 363. Apt Manager
0407 549 538, 08 8553 4532. Apt Manager 08-89879104.
01/19 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 08/26 3494′ SLD.
580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 19 4954′. RL. Pilot Con- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
trolled Lighting.
Latrobe Valley
06/24 3720′ GRAVEL. TODA 06 3917′. TODA
180′ YLTV +10:00* S38 12.4 E146 28.2
24 3917′. RL.
Apt Switchboard Fax 03 5174 4702.
15/33 3819′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4275′. TODA
33 4025′. RL. 03R/21L 4692′ ASPH/SLD. AUW-49. RL. Pilot
F-4, Jet A-1.
Rwy 21L Right-Hand Circuit.
Kowanyama 09/27 3015′ GRAVEL.
35′ YKOW KWM +10:00 S15 29.1 E141 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
45.1 F-4, Jet A-1.
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4060 5472. Apt Man-
ager 07 4060 5251/5170; Fax 07 4060 5256. Launceston
12/30 4528′ SLD. PCN 6/F/B/850/T. RL. Pilot 562′ YMLT LST +10:00* S41 32.7 E147 12.8
Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 03 6391 6222; H24 03 6391
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 6208; Fax 6391 8580. ATS 03 6391 6992.
Airport Manger after hours - 07 40605182 14L/32R 2297′ TURF. TODA 32R 2493′.
F-4, Jet A-1. 14R/32L 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/
1400 (203 PSI)/U. TODA 14R 6696′. TODA 32L
6696′. HIRL. HIALS 32L. Pilot Controlled Light- Lightning Ridge

ing. 540′ YLRD LHG +10:00* S29 27.4 E147
18/36 2264′ GRASS. TODA 18 2362′. 59.1
Caution: Bird hazard exists. Apt Manager 02-6828-1399. Fax:
Parachuting operations up to 10,000 ft. 02-6828-1608.
ARFF CAT 6 avbl Mon 1845-1150; Tue-Wed 04/22 2405′ GRAVEL. UNRATED.
and Sat 1845-1040; Thu-Fri 1845-1210; Sun 10/28 4613′ GRAVEL. UNRATED. RL. Pilot
1915-1010. Controlled Lighting.
F-4, Jet A-1. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
ABN. Fire 6. F-4.
Leigh Creek Lilydale
856′ YLEC LGH +09:30* S30 35.9 E138 238′ YLIL +10:00* S37 41.4 E145 22.1
25.6 18/36 3789′ UNKNOWN.
AWIS (PHONE) 08 8675 2048. Lismore
02/20 3999′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 02 4196′. TODA 35′ YLIS LSY +10:00* S28 49.7 E153 15.6
20 4196′. Apt Administration 02 6622 8296; Fax 6622
Rwy 02 Right-Hand Circuit. 7634.
11/29 5610′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/ 15/33 5403′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5807′. TODA 29 1000 (145PSI)/T. TODA 15 5600′. TODA 33
5807′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 5600′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. CAUTION: Horizontal surface significantly
infringed. Night circling.
F-4.
100 octane. Lockhart River
ABN. 77′ YLHR IRG +10:00 S12 47.2 E143 18.3
Apt Manager 07-4060-7144. after hours:
Leongatha
07-4060-7330. FAX: 07-4060-7139. AWOS
263′ YLEG +10:00* S38 29.6 E145 51.6 H24 (AWIS) 07 4060 7006.
Apt Manager 03-56629200. 12/30 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/C/
04/22 3032′ PAVED. AUW-11 (65PSI). TORA 123PSI(850)/T. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
04 3031′. TORA 22 3031′. LDA 04 3031′. LDA This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
22 3031′. TODA 04 3228′. TODA 22 3228′.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ASDA 04 3031′. ASDA 22 3031′.
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. Longreach
18/36 2195′ GRAVEL. 627′ YLRE LRE +10:00 S23 26.0 E144 16.8
3210. ARO 0417 780246.
04/22 6352′ ASPHALT. PCN 24/F/C/ ARO 02-4932-8888. Apt Operator Fax
1200 (175 PSI)/T. TODA 04 6680′. TODA 22 02-4932-6920.
6745′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 05/23 4022′ SLD. LDA 05 3701′. TODA 05
Birds and animals in vicinity of airport. 4219′. TODA 23 4219′. RL.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit.
F-4, Jet A-1. 08/26 3317′ SLD. LDA 08 2444′. LDA 26 2667′.
ABN. TODA 08 3415′. TODA 26 3415′.
18/36 1385′ TURF. TORA 18 1384′. TORA 36
Loxton 1384′. LDA 18 1384′. LDA 36 1384′. TODA 18
125′ YLOX +09:30 S34 28.5 E140 39.8 1483′. TODA 36 1483′. ASDA 18 1384′. ASDA
Apt Administration 08 8584 8000. Apt Manager 36 1384′.
08-8584-7221. ATND SKD Prior Permission Required. Aero-
08/26 3891′ GRAVEL. drome operational Sept-Apr 0600 to 2300 LCT,
17/35 2802′ SAND/SILT. May to Aug 0630 to 2300 LCT.
Animal hazard exists, particularly around dusk.
Mackay
Helicopter circuits to be flown at 700 FT AGL
19′ YBMK MKY +10:00 S21 10.3 E149 10.8 (or 800 FT MSL).
Apt Administration 07 4955 8155; Fax 07 4953 Parachute Jump Exercises sunrise to sunset
1929. within 3 NM radius of aerodrome, up to FL110.
05/23 4409′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ Fuel: U.
580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 05 4222′. TODA 05 4606′.
TODA 23 4606′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Light- Mallacoota
ing. 102′ YMCO XMC +10:00* S37 35.9 E149
14/32 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/C/ 43.2
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 14 6696′. TODA 32 Apt Administration 03 5153 9500; Fax 03 5153
6696′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 9576. ARO 0408 580 569; 0419 532 060.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5158 0103.
In conditions of light mist or fog, high intensity 07/25 2890′ GRAVEL. PCN PCN 5/F/B/
flood lighting adjacent to short final on 500 (72PSI)/U. TODA 07 3087′. TODA 25
approach to Rwy 14 may cause distraction. 3087′. PORT-RL.
Parachute jumping on airport SR-SS. Drop 18/36 3372′ GRAVEL. PCN 5/F/B/
height up to 10,000 ft AMSL. 600 (87PSI)/U. TORA 18 3373′. TORA 36
Bird hazard exists. 3373′. LDA 18 3373′. LDA 36 2858′. TODA 18
CAUTION: Runway Holding Position for Rwy 3570′. TODA 36 3570′. ASDA 18 3373′. ASDA
14/32 from the eastern GA apron is marked 36 3373′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
along the western edge of the apron. Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Animals on and in vicinty of apt.
F-4, Jet A-1. Fuel: 24 hour self-service bowsers. Aero Refu-
ABN. Fire 5. ellers cards, Visa & Mastercard accepted.
F-3, Jet A-1.
Maitland
85′ YMND MTL +10:00* S32 42.2 E151 29.3
Mangalore AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-8979-5604. Apt Man-

467′ YMNG +10:00* S36 53.3 E145 11.1 ager 08 8979 6600, AH 08 8979 5766, AH 08
Apt Administration 03 5796 2000; Mobile 0418 8979 5844; Fax 08 8979 5991.
863438, 0416 073202; Fax 5796 2197. ARO 14/32 5020′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
0428 863 429. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03 5796 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 14 5217′. TODA 32
05/23 6650′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/ Bird hazard in season.
730 (106 PSI)/U. TODA 05 6857′. TODA 23 F-4.
6857′. RL.
Mareeba
18/36 4793′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/
730 (106 PSI)/U. TODA 18 4990′. TODA 36 1560′ YMBA MRG +10:00* S17 04.1 E145
4990′. RL. 25.1
Confine operations to paved surfaces. Apt Administration Fax 07 4092 5138. Apt Man-
ager 07 4043 4100.
Bird hazard may exist.
10/28 4938′ ASPHALT. UNRATED. RL. Pilot
Occasional helicopter and ultralight ops take
place on rwy and grass areas.
Prior permission required for ultralight move-
ments. ATND SKD H24.
Parachute jumping Sunrise-Sunset 330° Mag, Bird hazard exists.
9.5nm from AD. Fuel: Avgas self-service browser with credit
Glider operations SR-SS, Saturday, Sunday card all hours.
and public holidays at Locksley Airport 9NM F-4.
Northeast.
Maryborough
Except as required during instrument rating
38′ YMYB MBH +10:00 S25 30.8 E152 42.9
tests, practice instrument approaches should
add 1000 ft to all altitudes prescribedin Apt Administration 1300-794-929. ARO 0419
approach to reduce interference with circuit traf- 671405. AWOS (AWIS) 07-4123-5986.
fic. Such flights shall broadcast intentions, 12/30 2903′ TURF. TORA 12 2904′. TORA 30
including altitude limits. Similarly pilots making 2904′. LDA 12 2904′. LDA 30 2904′. TODA 12
instrumentapproach in IMC, on encountering 3100′. TODA 30 3100′. ASDA 12 2904′. ASDA
VMC, are required to remain as high as practi- 30 2904′.
cal and join the circuit in the standard manner. 17/35 5207′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Prior notice required for rwy lights when nomi- 580 (84O PSI)/U. TODA 17 5600′. TODA 35
nating Mangalore as an IFR Alternate apt. 5404′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Night circuits to the West for all fixed wing air- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
craft. F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1. ABN.
ABN.
Maryborough
Maningrida 766′ YMBU +10:00* S37 02.0 E143 42.5
123′ YMGD MNG +09:30 S12 03.4 E134 Apt Manager 03-54610610. Fax: 03-54610666.
14.0
06/24 2106′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/U. TODA 06 16/34 11998′ ASPHALT. PCN 79/F/C/
2303′. TODA 24 2303′. 1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 16 12392′. TODA 34
17/35 3412′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/A/ 12589′. ASDA 16 12195′. ASDA 34 12195′.
450 (65 PSI)/U. TODA 17 3609′. TODA 35 HIRL. HIALS 16.
3609′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Customs.
Rwy 17 Right-Hand Circuit. WARNING: Secondary airport Melbourne/
Essendon 5 NM South-East.
Melbourne (Essendon) Apt of Entry
282′ YMEN MEB +10:00* S37 43.8 E144
Landing Rwy 34 the Hold Short Line is marked
54.0
with red and white rwy intersection signs and is
Apt Administration 03 9379 9077; Fax 9379 indicated by six occulting white flush fitted lights
7867. across Rwy 34.
08/26 6302′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/C/ All acft must provide their parked position/gate
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 08 6499′. TODA 26 number to ATC on acknowledgement of air-
6499′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ways clearance.
17/35 4934′ ASPHALT. PCN 29/R/C/ T due to terminal area traffic density and/or
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5131′. TODA 35 single RWY operations:DAILY 2100-2300: All
5098′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Traffic 15 min, DAILY 2300-1400: All Traffic
ATND SKD H24. Customs. 10min. It is acknowledged that flights direct to
Amber freeway lighting parallel to and 1500 ft of Melbourne from Africa, Middle East and conti-
rwy 08-25 may be confused. Jet aircraft curfew nental North America may not be carrying these
1300-2000 UTC. Airborne Traffic Delays.
AD operator does not provide aircraft marshal- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ling services. All requests for aircraft marshal- AD OPR does not provide acft marshalling
ling should be directed to the airlines or FBO. services. All requests for acft marshalling
Birds in vicinity of apt. should be directed to the airlines or FBO (if
Anticipated airborne traffic delays for arriving applicable).
acft due to terminal area traffic density; 10 All acft operating into and out of Melbourne AD
minute hoding required, 0845-0945 Mon-Thu; are req to operate not abv 250kt IAS below
0945-1045 Friday. 10000' MSL.
F-4, Jet A-1. All acft planning circuits or practice instrument
ABN. apch (avbl 2000-1300) or airwork within the
Melbourne Terminal Airspace reqprior ATC
Melbourne (Melbourne Intl) Apt of Entry approval. Pilots must contact the Terminal Area
434′ YMML MEL +10:00* S37 40.4 E144 Coordinator on 03-9235-7337 to book a time
50.6 slot. For arrival acft a req mustbe made to Mel-
Apt Administration 03 9297 1600; Fax 03 9297 bourne Center by 120 NM from Melbourne or
1886. on first contact for ac ft entering CTA within 120
09/27 7500′ ASPHALT. PCN 79/F/C/ NM.
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 09 7992′. TODA 27 Training circuits are not permitted.
7992′. ASDA 09 7697′. ASDA 27 7697′. HIRL.
HIALS 27.
Acft carrying Dangerous Goods Class 1 explo- Merimbula

sives req approval from AD OPR at least 48 hr 7′ YMER MIM +10:00* S36 54.5 E149 54.1
prior to ETA. Apt Administration 02 6495 4211; Fax 02 6495
Security screening is required for all passen- 2034. ARO Mobile 0429 044 011, 0429 044
gers from all passenger aircraft , irrespective of 013, 0488 044 015.
size, departing from any of the Domestic, Inter- 03/21 5256′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 8/F/A/
national or Freight Apron areas at Melbourne 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 03 5453′. TODA 21
Airport. A charge is applicable for this service 5453′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
and a schedule of charges can be obtained
from the Aerodrome Operator on 03 9297 1024.
Any queries should also be directed to the Aer- AWIS activated by 1 sec transmission.
odrome Operator on the same number. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Rescue and firefighting services Fuel services: Jet A1 60 min prior notiuce, after
CAT 10 1850-1052, CAT 9 1052-1850 Daily. (1 hr call out fee applies.
HR EARLIER HDS). 131.0 MHz avbl H24. F-4, Jet A-1.
Request via ATC.
Mildura
167′ YMIA MQL +10:00* S34 13.7 E142
ABN. Fire 10. 05.1
Melbourne (Moorabbin) Apt Administration 03-5055-0500;
50′ YMMB MBW +10:00* S37 58.5 E145 0428-596-871; Fax 5021-5740.
06.1 09/27 6004′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/C/
Apt Administration 03 8587 8000; Fax 03 9587 1350 (195 PSI)/T. TODA 09 6398′. TODA 27
1782. 6496′. ASDA 09 6102′. ASDA 27 6201′. RL.
04/22 1873′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 04 1640′.
LDA 22 1775′. TODA 04 1972′. TODA 22 1972′. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
PORT-RL. 18/36 3737′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/C/
13L/31R 3773′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 13L 750 (110 PSI)/T. TODA 18 3934′. TODA 36
3412′. TODA 13L 3970′. TODA 31R 3970′. 3934′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
MIRL. PORT-RL. Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
13R/31L 3478′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 13R CAUTION: Transient obstacle up to 5.6' above
2949′. LDA 31L 3018′. TODA 13R 3674′. TODA and 200' S of Runway Strip end is not taken
31L 3674′. into account in determining TODA GRAD and
17L/35R 4380′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 17L STODA
3471′. LDA 35R 3809′. TODA 17L 4577′. TODA CAUTION: Transient obstacle up to 13' above
35R 4577′. MIRL. PORT-RL. and 249' N of Runway Strip end is not taken
17R/35L 4068′ ASPHALT. Unrated. LDA 17R into account in determining TODA GRAD and
3451′. LDA 35L 3583′. TODA 17R 4265′. TODA STODA
35L 4265′. Birds may be present on surface and
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. approaches to runways.
F-4, Jet A-1. CAUTION: Glider operations Sunrise to Sunset
Saturday, Sunday and Public Holiday and
ABN.
NOTAM from grass airstrip 2.3 nm SSW of air- Moranbah

port. Wire launching. Gliders monitor CTAF. 770′ YMRB MOV +10:00 S22 03.5 E148
Aircraft on runway may not be visible to one 04.7
another. ARO 0407 319 271.
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport. 16/34 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
F-4, Jet A-1. 550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 16 5197′. TODA 34
5197′.
Milingimbi
53′ YMGB MGT +09:30 S12 05.7 E134 53.6
Emergency use only, prior permissionrequired
Apt Manager 08-89879905. other times.
11/29 4626′ ASPHALT. RL. AD Charges: All ACFT
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. All aircraft to turn at runway threshold.
Millicent Moree
56′ YMCT MLR +09:30 S37 35.0 E140 22.0 701′ YMOR MRZ +10:00* S29 29.9 E149
Apt Manager 08-8733-2177. 50.7
08/26 3937′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled Apt Administration 02 6752 1483; Fax 02 6752
Lighting. 6030. ARO Mobile 0428 681 319, 0428 657
795, 02 6757 3222.
Minjilang
01/19 5292′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/B/
82′ YMIJ +08:00 S11 09.5 E132 32.8
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 01 5489′. TODA 19
Apt Manager 089-790299. 5587′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
06/24 3543′ GRAVEL. 05/23 3205′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 3402′. TODA
Minnipa 23 3402′.
509′ YMPA MIN +09:30 S32 50.6 E135 08.7 Large flocks of Galahs from August to Decem-
ber.
Kangaroo hazard exists.
17/35 4475′ UNKNOWN.
Agricultural operations 24 hours.
Moomba Weather balloons launched daily over airport.
143′ YOOM MOO +09:30* S28 06.0 E140 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
11.9 Terminal open 0700-2100, Rwy 01/19 open
Apt Operator (AWIS) 08 8224 7475. 24HR.
12/30 5637′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/B/ No emergency beacon available.
1035 (150PSI)/T. TORA 12 5636′. TORA 30 F-4, Jet A-1.
5636′. LDA 12 5636′. LDA 30 5636′. TODA 12
5833′. TODA 30 5833′. ASDA 12 5636′. ASDA Mornington I (Mornington I.)
30 5636′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 33′ YMTI ONG +10:00 S16 39.7 E139 10.7
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Manager 07-4745-7200.
Prior permission required. 09/27 4970′ PAVED. PCN 7/F/A/
Birds in vicinity of airport. 850(123 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5167′. TODA 27
F-4, Jet A-1. 5167′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
12/30 2480′ GRAVEL. TORA 12 2612′. TORA Mount Gordon

30 2612′. LDA 12 2612′. LDA 30 2612′. TODA 900′ YGON +10:00* S19 46.5 E139 24.4
12 2808′. TODA 30 2808′. ASDA 12 2612′. Apt Operator 07-4748-9903, 07-4748-9905, AH
ASDA 30 2612′. 07-4748-9985; Fax 07-47489164.
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport. 08/26 3839′ BITU/SLD. PCN 12/F/B/
F-4. 850(123PSI)/U. TODA 08 4035′. TODA 26
4035′. RL.
Moruya
Private AD. PPR all ops H24.
17′ YMRY MYA +10:00* S35 53.9 E150 08.7
Terrain 1430FT elevation 032 degrees/ 2165FT
Apt Administration 02-4474-1000. ARO
(660M) from Rwy 08 THR infringes inner hori-
02-4474-2095, 04-0903-7520, AH EMERG
zontal surface.
04-4474-1222; Fax 02 4474 2095 AH 4474
1222. Wildlife hazard exists.
04/22 2713′ GRAVEL. PCN 5700/450(65PSI). Mt Hotham
TODA 04 2910′. TODA 22 2910′. 4260′ YHOT MHU +10:00* S37 02.8 E147
18/36 4997′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 20.0
620 (90 PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Administration 03 5759 4444; H24 5159
Birds in vicinity of airport. 6777; Fax 5159 6776. ARO 0409 041 307,
Ultralight activity in vicinity of airport. 0418 971 778, 0418 609 122. Apt Manager
Parachute jumping in vicinity of airport. 0409 041 307.
AWIS activated by 1 sec transmission. 11/29 4790′ ASPHALT. PCN 24/F/C/
F-4, Jet A-1. 1138(165PSI)/T. HIRL.
Mount Gambier ATND SKD PPR.
212′ YMTG MGB +09:30* S37 44.7 E140 Permission for all night and IFR non RPT OPS
47.1 must include agreement to comply with Aero-
Apt Administration 08 8721 0444. Apt Operator drome OPR Guidance Material (http://
8725 1112; Fax 8723 2771. www.mthotham.com.au/travel/air). Call out fee
06/24 2776′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/ applies for approved night OPS.
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 06 3274′. TODA 24 Avoid overflying the Alpine National Park
3156′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. (Bogong Unit).
11/29 3025′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/ AWIS activated by three 1 second transmis-
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3232′. TODA 29 sions.
3222′. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ Jet A-1.
1000 (145 PSI). TODA 18 5203′. TODA 36
5210′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Mt Isa
Bird hazard exists. 1121′ YBMA ISA +10:00 S20 39.8 E139
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Administration 07 4743 4598; Fax 4743
ABN. 0101. Apt Manager 0419 727677.
16/34 8399′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/A/ 02/20 3668′ CLAY/SAND. TODA 20 3865′.
1400 (203 PSI)/U. TODA 16 8596′. TODA 34 08/26 3438′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 08 3678′. TODA
8596′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 26 3635′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. F-4.
ATND SKD H24.
Narrabri
Blasting will be conducted at various sites
within 6NM radius of Mount Isa airport. Surface 788′ YNBR NAA +10:00* S30 19.1 E149
2500 ft. 49.6
Bird and animal hazard exists. Apt Administration 02 6799 6866; Fax 02 6799
6888. ARO 0427 101 140. AWOS H24 (AWIS)
CAUTION: Multiple gas turbine facilities emit
02 6792 4774.
high velocity plume rise at locations approxi-
mately 7nm south of Mount Isa aerodrome. 09/27 3980′ TURF. TODA 09 4177′. TODA 27
4177′.
18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/B/
F-2, F-4, Jet A-1.
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5197′. TODA 36
ABN. 5322′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Mudgee Bird and animal hazard exists.
1545′ YMDG DGE +10:00* S32 33.7 E149 AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
ARO 0407 784467. AWOS (AWIS) 02 6372 F-4.
3349. Apt Manager 02 6378 2850; Fax 6378
2815. Narrandera
04/22 5704′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/ 474′ YNAR NRA +10:00* S34 42.1 E146
580 (84 PSI)/U. TORA 04 5705′. TORA 22 30.7
5705′. LDA 04 5705′. LDA 22 5705′. TODA 04 Apt Administration 02 6959 5560; Fax 6959
5902′. TODA 22 5902′. ASDA 04 5705′. ASDA 1884. ARO H24 04228 690518. AWOS H24
22 5705′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. (AWIS) 02 6959 2712.
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. 05/23 3346′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 3904′. TODA
16/34 3526′ TURF. TORA 16 3527′. TORA 34 23 3543′. ASDA 05 3707′.
3527′. LDA 16 3527′. LDA 34 3527′. TODA 16 14/32 5282′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
3724′. TODA 34 3724′. ASDA 16 3527′. ASDA 700 (100 PSI)/T. TORA 14 5302′. TORA 32
34 3527′. 5302′. LDA 14 5302′. LDA 32 5302′. TODA 14
Rwy 16 Right-Hand Circuit. 6010′. TODA 32 5499′. ASDA 14 5814′. ASDA
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport Aug to
24hr AVGAS cardswipe bowser (MC only).
Dec.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Naracoorte This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
169′ YNRC NAC +09:30 S36 59.1 E140 F-4, Jet A-1.
43.5
Narromine 18/36 3615′ TURF. TODA 18 3812′. TODA 36

782′ YNRM QRM +10:00* S32 12.9 E148 3812′.
13.5
Norfolk I (Norfolk Island) Apt of Entry
Apt Administration 02 6889 9999: AH 0417 413
371′ YSNF NLK +11:30 S29 02.5 E167 56.3
176; Fax 6889 9998. ARO 0417 413 176.
Apt Administration H24 6723 22445; Fax 672 3
04/22 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
23201; info@airport.gov.nf. AWOS H24
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 04 3806′. TODA 22
(AWIS)0011-6-7232-3089.
3806′.
04/22 4708′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
11/29 4990′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 4905′. TODA 22
580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 29 4144′. TODA 11 5187′.
4905′. RL.
Glider operations SR-SS.
11/29 6398′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/B/
Glider strips marked by orange gable markers.
1410 (205 PSI)/T. LDA 11 6201′. LDA 29 6201′.
Gliders operate common circuit direction from TODA 11 6594′. TODA 29 6594′. MIRL.
seperate parallel strips along siderwys.
Glider ops days, weekends and public holidays.
Customs.
Simultaneuos operations on parallel runways
not permitted.
24 hour prior permission required from apt
Twy B between rwy 04 and twy A 12,566 lbs
manager for all non-scheduled aircraft.
MAUW.
Operators of jet aircraft are requested to use
945' obstruction 6234' 154 degrees from
minimum power when turning or taxiing on
runway intersection.
apron.
F-4.
Rwy 04/22 operations restricted to aircraft
ABN. 12,566 lbs (5700 kg) or below with the following
Ngukurr exceptions.
45′ YNGU RPM +09:30 S14 43.4 E134 44.9 a. Aircraft up to and including F-27 may use
Rwy 04/22 if Rwy 11/29 is operationally unsuit-
able; and b. The section of Rwy 04/22 between
4658.
the apron exit and the intersection of the
11/29 5020′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 11 5216′. TODA runway is available as a taxiway by all aircraft
29 5216′. RL. using Rwy 11/29.
Animal hazard on movement area (dingoes, Aircraft are required to use the turning nodes,
dogs and cattle). executing 180 degree turns at Rwy 11/29 ends.
Nhill This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
454′ YNHL +10:00* S36 18.6 E141 38.4 Pilots are reminded that NZ altimetry setting
AWOS 03 5391 3564. Apt Manager PROC are applicable when operating into and
053-911811. out of Norfolk Island.
09/27 3281′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled NZregulations require aircraft flying within the
Lighting. Auckland Oceanic FIR to maintainvertical posi-
tion with reference to standard pressure 1013
HPA, with the exception that within proximity to
08/26
the Norfolk Island AD aircraft must maintain alti- 6870′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/C/
tude with reference to aerodrome QNH. 2000 (290 PSI)/T. LDA 26 6572′. TODA 08
ARFF: CAT 6 - for all scheduled regular public7854′. TODA 26 7067′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled
transport (RPT) flights at the following localLighting.
times: Sun, Mon, Fri 0700-1500LT; Tue, Sat Rwy 08/26 Right-Hand Circuit.
0900-1700LT; all other times 30 minutes PN. Bi-dir A-Gear 1250 ft AER.
CTC +6723 22049. ATND SKD PPR 2200-1300 Mon-Thu,
F-4, Jet A-1. 2200-0230 Fri.
ABN. Fire 6. Civil use by PPO.
Normanton Severe downdraft may be experienced within
1NM on final RWY 26 during westerly wind
73′ YNTN NTN +10:00 S17 41.1 E141 04.2
above 7 kt.
Gliding & parachute operations SR-SS Sat, Sun
1340. ARO 0429 303 112 H24.
& Hols.
14/32 5499′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
F-4. JASU.
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 14 5696′. TODA 32
5696′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ABN. Fire 5.
F-4, Jet A-1. Numbulwar
Northern Peninsula 31′ YNUM NUB +09:30 S14 16.3 E135 43.0
34′ YNPE ABM +10:00 S10 57.0 E142 27.6 Apt Manager 08-89754675.
ARO 0429 963 520, 07-4069-3383. Apt Man- 15/33 4331′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4528′. TODA
ager 07-4069-3383; Fax 07-4069-3783. 33 4528′.
13/31 6017′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/ This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 13 6214′. TODA 31 Nyngan
569′ YNYN NYN +10:00* S31 33.1 E147
Apt on Aboriginal Reserve. Only public area is 12.2
apt. PPR to enter Township or Aboriginal
Apt Administration 02 6832 1503, 6832 1604.
Reserve.
05/23 5390′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/
Jet A-1.
700 (101 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5587′. TODA 23
Nowra (Nowra Military) 5587′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
400′ YSNW NOA Mil. +10:00* S34 18/36 3484′ TURF. TODA 18 3681′. TODA 36
56.9 E150 32.2 3681′.
Apt Operator 02-4424-1257, AMS Animal and bird hazard exists.
02-4424-1009. 746 ft AMSL lit mast 3281 ft (1000m) SW of rwy
03/21 6713′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/C/ 05 thrshld.
2000 (290 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6909′. TODA 21 F-4.
6909′. HIRL. HIALS 21. Pilot Controlled Light-
ing. Oakey (Oakey (Military))
Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit. 1335′ YBOK OKY +10:00 S27 24.7 E151
44.1
Apt Administration 07 4577 7136 or 4577 7003; F-4, Jet A-1.

Fax 07 4577 7122.
Oodnadatta
05/23 2999′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/C/
1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 05 3195′. TODA 23 386′ YOOD ODD +09:30* S27 33.6 E135
3195′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 26.7
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. H24 AWIS 08-8670-6129. Apt Manager
08-8670-7805.
09/27 3573′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/D/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 09 3770′. TODA 27 04/22 3058′ UNKNOWN.
3770′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 13/31 4219′ UNKNOWN. RL. Pilot Controlled
14/32 5410′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/C/ Lighting.
1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 14 5607′. TODA 32 Orange
5705′. ASDA 32 5607′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled
3115′ YORG OAG +10:00* S33 22.9 E149
Lighting.
08.0
Bird and kangaro hazard exists. Contact Oakey 8199. Apt Manager 0419 233879. Ground Serv-
Fire Service on CTAF to arrange strip clear- ices 02-6365-5490; 0427-655-173.
ance if required.
04/22 2569′ TURF. TODA 04 2766′. TODA 22
Remain clear of power station to the SW of air- 2766′.
port (D652).
11/29 5499′ ASPHALT. PCN 39/R/C/
ATS/AD HR of ops are dependent on local Mili- 1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 11 5896′. TODA 29
tary ops and are notified by NOTAM. Check 5958′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Oakey ATIS for confirmation of airfield status.
F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 4.
Orbost
Oenpelli
94′ YORB RBS +10:00* S37 47.4 E148 36.6
30′ YOEN OPI +08:00 S12 19.5 E133 00.3
Apt Administration 08-8979-0170; Fax 9576. ARO 0407 425 322; 0400 012 189.
08-8979-0177. ARO Mobile 0488-045-471.
07/25 3740′ TURF/SAND. TODA 07 3937′.
12/30 4331′ SLD. TODA 25 3937′. RL.
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. Jet A-1.
Olympic Dam Osborne Mine
343′ YOLD OLP +09:30 S30 29.1 E136 52.6 935′ YOSB +10:30 S22 04.9 E140 33.3
ARO 0477-307-824. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 Apt Administration 07 4781 8613; Fax 4781
8671 1682. Apt Manager PH 08-8671-8888, AH 8602. Apt Manager 4781 8723.
08-8671-8262; Fax 08-8671-1181.
12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/B/
06/24 5220′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled 1050 (152 PSI)/T. TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30
Lighting. 6758′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Palm Island
30′ YPAM +10:00 S18 45.3 E146 34.9
Apt Manager 07 4770 1177. Fax: 07 4770 ATND SKD 48 hrs prior notice and prior permis-
1241. sion required.
14/32 3730′ ASPH/SLD. UNRATED. TODA 14 24 HR prior permission required for all visiting
3927′. TODA 32 3927′. RL. Pilot Controlled aircraft.
Lighting. Civil ACFT contactairport manager.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. Military ACFT prior notice required for any
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. movements, contact AD Operator; Limited Air
Movements capability; ground handling, mar-
Parkes shalling and ground support equipment availa-
1069′ YPKS PKE +10:00* S33 07.9 E148 ble; MIL passenger and air movement facility
14.3 available.
Apt Administration 02 6861 2333; Fax 6862 CSUWIL Duty Crew contact 0437 374 181.
3946, AD 6862 1710. ARO 0427 282062. Birds and livestock in vicinity of airport.
04/22 5525′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/ Due to intensive flying training and vintage
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 04 5722′. TODA 22 ACFT display flying, special circuit and opera-
5722′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. tional procedures apply. All acft refer to Special
11/29 5325′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/C/ Procedures.
580 (84 PSI)/T. LDA 29 4757′. TODA 11 5522′. Aircraft should avoid overfly Point Cook base,
TODA 29 5522′. built up and residential areas.
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission. at or below 800 FT.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Right hand CCTS required for civilian acft when
24 hr AVGAS. 24 hr Jet A1. 1 hr prior notice. operating on Rwy 04, Rwy 08 and Rwy 35.
Phone 0418-634-997. Drop Zone (DZ) located South-East of main
F-4, Jet A-1. runway intersections.
Point Cook RAAF Museum conducts flying displays within
R361 TUE, THU and SUN 1315-1345 LMT.
14′ YMPC Mil. +10:00* S37 55.9 E144 45.2
F-3, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 03 8348 6888; 0458 263
124; Fax 03 8348 6881; Polo Flat
wil.abcp@defence.gov.au. Apt Manager 03 2701′ YPFT +10:00 S36 13.8 E149 09.0
9395 1937; 0437 136 397; Fax 03 9395 1938;
Apt Administration 0412 435 198, AH 02 6452
aos.pck@bigpond.com.
6636.
04/22 3730′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/R/D/
18/36 4898′ SLD.
1000 (145 PSI) /T.
08/26 3497′ GRAS/SOIL. Pooncarie
17/35 4508′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/R/D/ 164′ YPCE +10:00* S33 22.4 E142 35.0
1000 (145 PSI) /T. TODA 17 4705′. TODA 35 Apt Operator 03-5027-5027.
4705′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 06/24 3453′ GRAVEL. RL. Pilot Controlled
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. Lighting.
Pormpuraaw 15/33 4757′ SAND. TODA 15 4954′. TODA 33

11′ YPMP EDR +10:00 S14 53.8 E141 36.7 4954′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Manager 07-4060-4175 (AH), Bird hazard exists.
07-4060-4601. F-4, Jet A-1.
14/32 4462′ ASPHALT. AUW-11 (100PSI).
Port Macquarie
trolled Lighting. 16′ YPMQ PQQ +10:00* S31 26.2 E152
51.8
ATND SKD PPR.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt.
8123. ARO 02 6581 8744, 0418 408529; Fax
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 02 6581 8744.
Port Augusta 03/21 5545′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/C/
56′ YPAG PUG +09:30* S32 30.4 E137 43.0 1000 (145 PSI)/T. TORA 03 5249′. TORA 21
5249′. LDA 03 4908′. LDA 21 5249′. TODA 03
ARO 08 8642 3555.
5446′. TODA 21 5446′. ASDA 03 5249′. ASDA
15/33 5413′ ASPH/GRVL. PCN 21/F/A/T. 21 5249′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Light AFCT with tail skids to confined opera-
trolled Lighting.
tions on Rwy 10/28.
Gliding operations SR-SS.
Aerobatic area east of airport and parallel to
Carnet card swipe bowsers; AVGAS andJET coast.
A1.
Parachute jumping within 2 NM of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Port Keats This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
91′ YPKT PKT +08:00 S14 15.0 E129 31.8 F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Operator 08-8978 2355; Prior Notice
Port Pirie
0407-971-652,0447-730-445,0427-604-379;
Fax 08-8979-2357. 39′ YPIR PPI +09:30 S33 14.3 E137 59.7
16/34 4626′ SLD. TODA 16 4823′. TODA 34 Apt Manager 08-8633-2123.
4823′. RL. 03/21 2205′ TURF. Unrated. TODA 03 2402′.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. TODA 21 2402′.
08/26 3422′ GRVL/SLD. UNRATED. TODA 08
Port Lincoln 3619′. TODA 26 3697′. RL. Pilot Controlled
36′ YPLC PLO +09:30* S34 36.3 E135 52.8 Lighting.
Apt Administration 08 8676 2106. Apt Operator Central 59 ft of rwy is sealed.
8684 3501. Ground Services H24 0428 837 17/35 3507′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 17
010. 3704′. TODA 35 3944′. ASDA 35 3747′.
01/19 4918′ ASPHALT. PCN 23/F/C/ F-4, Jet A-1.
880 (130 PSI)/T. TODA 01 5115′. TODA 19 ABN.
05/23 4183′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4380′. TODA
23 4380′.
Portland Apt Administration 07 4945 5510; On Call 0417

265′ YPOD PTJ +10:00* S38 19.1 E141 762 235; Mobile 0408 745 320; Fax 07 4945
28.3 3351.
Apt Administration Fax 03 5522 2290. Apt Man- 11/29 6801′ ASPHALT. PCN 53/F/B/
ager 03 5526 5201, 03 5533 2200; Mobile 0427 1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 11 6998′. TODA 29
08/26 5302′ ASPHALT. PCN 14 F/B/ Bird, flying fox and kangaroo hazard exists.
850 (123PSI) T. TODA 08 5499′. TODA 26 Rwy 06/24 not available to aircraft above
5499′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 12,566 lbs (5700 kg).
17/35 3871′ GRAVEL. PCN 17/Unrated Natu- This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
ral Surface. TODA 17 4068′. TODA 35 4068′. Use of airport by ultralight and non-VH regis-
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. tered Aircraft requires the submission of a com-
Fuel available Mon-Fri 0600-1800LT, Sat pleted Conditional Agreement Form AVBL from:
0900-1300LT, Sun 1400-1800LT. After hrscall http://www.whitsundayrc.qld.gov.au/web/guest/
out fee applies. Call Apt Manager. aerodromes.
Prominent Hill Queenstown

740′ YPMH +09:30 S29 43.1 E135 31.5 867′ YQNS Mil. +10:00* S42 04.5 E145 31.8
Apt Administration 08 8672 8500: 0427 594 Apt Manager 03 64714700. FAX 03 64714720.
817. ARO H24 08 8672 8500: 0427 594 817. 09/27 4101′ GRAVEL.
Apt Manager 08 8672 8835: 0459 231 585.
Quilpie
18/36 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 26/F/B/
980 (142PSI)/T. TODA 18 7874′. TODA 36 655′ YQLP ULP +10:00 S26 36.5 E144 15.4
7874′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ARO AH 0437-925-263. Apt Manager
Restricted operations: PPR from Airport Man- 07-4656-0500.
ager. 09/27 4898′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/
Aircraft to avoid overflying the mine and plant 860 (125PSI)/T. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled
areas E of AD due obstacles and blasting. Lighting.
Wildlife Hazard. Numerous kangaroos 18/36 3510′ SAND/CLAY. UNRATED.
observed. Wildlife control vehicle, call sign This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
'Prominent Hill Ground' monitors CTAF. F-4, Jet A-1.
Aircraft required to perform MAX radius turns. ABN.
Quirindi
1054′ YQDI UIR +10:00* S31 29.4 E150
30.8
Proserpine (Whitsunday Coast) 06/24 3629′ ASPHALT. AUW-12. TODA 06
82′ YBPN PPP +10:00 S20 29.7 E148 33.1 3825′. TODA 24 3825′.
14/32 5807′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/
580(84 PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
F-4. Bird hazard exists between 2 to 3 NM on final

RWY 28.
Ramingining
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
206′ YRNG RAM +09:30 S12 21.4 E134
Fire 6.
53.8
Apt Manager 08-8979-7906. Richmond
09/27 4528′ GRAVEL. 676′ YRMD RCM +10:00 S20 42.1 E143
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 06.9
Renmark 3308. ARO 07 4741 3693, 0429 967 157.
115′ YREN RMK +09:30* S34 11.8 E140 AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07-4741-3922.
40.4 09/27 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 7/F/D/
Apt Administration 08 8586 6609, AH 0419 830 (120PSI)/T. TODA 09 5197′. TODA 27
334889; Fax 8586 6542. 5197′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
07/25 5709′ ASPH/GRVL. TODA 07 5906′. CAUTION: 955 ft AMSL unlit mast, 3.7 nm/133
TODA 25 5906′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. deg from ARP.
12/30 3596′ GRAVEL. Security controlled airport.
18/36 3360′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3556′. TODA AVGAS & Jet A1 available by order only.
36 3556′. F-4, Jet A-1.
Gliding operations sunrise to sunset. Gliders
and tugs fly right hand circuts when using Robinvale
rwy25. 284′ YROI RBC Mil. +10:00* S34 39.0 E142
CAUTION: Kangaroos in vicinity of airport. 47.0
F-4. ARO H24 0409-706-466. Apt Manager
03-50320333.
Richmond (Richmond (Military)) 01/19 3740′ PAVED. RL. Pilot Controlled Light-
67′ YSRI XRH Mil. +10:00* S33 36.0 E150 ing.
46.8 12/30 3855′ TURF/SAND.
Apt Administration H24 02 4587 2222; Fax 02 Bird and animal hazard exists.
4587 2224.
10/28 7001′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 47/F/C/ Rockhampton
1750 (254 PSI)/T. HIRL. HIALS 28. 36′ YBRK ROK +10:00 S23 22.9 E150 28.5
Bi-dir A-Gear 1226 ft AER. Apt Administration 07-4936-8314 or 4936-8498;
Bi-dir A-Gear 1226 ft AER. Fax 4927 7523. ARO ARO 1: 07 4936 8314,
ATND SKD Daily 2200-1300, AH (After Hours) AH 4936 3393, ARO 2: 4936 8312, AH 4921
48 hrs PPR. Customs: Mon-Tue 2000-0620, 0929, ARO 3: 07 4936 8304, AH 4927 3427;
Wed-Fri 2000-1200, O/T 3 hrs PNR. Mobile ARO 1: 0409 368314. ATS 07 4931
5205.
Civil aircraft PPR. Quote approval number on
flight plan. 04/22 5397′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 5594′. TODA 22
Glider operations SR-SS Saturday, Sunday and
public holidays.
15/33 8425′ ASPHALT. PCN 72/F/C/ 09/27 1755′ GRAVEL. 5700/450(65psi). TODA
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TORA 15 8622′. TODA 15 09 1952′. TODA 27 1952′.
9606′. TODA 33 8819′. ASDA 15 8622′. MIRL. 18/36 3277′ SLD. 5700/450(65psi). TODA 18
Pilot Controlled Lighting. 3474′. TODA 36 3474′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit. Lighting.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1600 ft (487m) AER
Scherger
Customs.
145′ YBSG Mil. +10:00 S12 37.4 E142 05.2
Hang gliding at Mt Helen 155/28NM from Rock-
hampton airport, SR-SS Saturday, Sunday and
public holidays max 4000 ft AMSL. 12/30 10003′ ASPHALT. PCN 46/F/B/
1750(254 PSI)/T. TODA 12 10200′. TODA 30
Bird hazard exists.
10200′.
F-4, Jet A-1. Scone
ABN. Fire 6 Mon-Sat 2030-1115, Sun 745′ YSCO NSO +10:00* S32 02.3 E150
2100-1115. 49.9
Rolleston 2671. Apt Manager 02 6540 1100.
730′ YRLL +10:00 S24 27.6 E148 37.6 11/29 4606′ ASPHALT. PCN 12 F/C/
Apt Administration 1300 242 686; H24 0407 580 (84PSI). TODA 11 4803′. RL. Pilot Control-
331 542; Fax 1300 242 687; led Lighting.
enquires@chrc.qld.gov.au. Fuel - 24H AVGAS, accepts Aero Refuellers
14/32 3773′ UNKNOWN. RL. Carnet, Visa, MC.
Roma F-4.
1032′ YROM RMA +10:00 S26 32.7 E148 Sea Lake
46.5 184′ YSLK +10:00* S35 31.9 E142 53.4
Apt Administration 07-4624-0600; Fax Apt Administration 1300-520-520; Fax
4622-1038. H24 AWIS 07-4622-8665. ARO 03-5493-7395.
0427-730-531.
09/27 3412′ GRASS.
09/27 2628′ TURF. TODA 09 2825′. TODA 27
17/35 2296′ GRASS.
2726′.
18/36 4934′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 18/F/C/ Shepparton
975 (142PSI)/T. TODA 18 5869′. TODA 36 374′ YSHT SHT +10:00* S36 25.7 E145
5131′. ASDA 18 5673′. RL. Pilot Controlled 23.5
Lighting. ARO 03 5832 9595, 5832 9597, 5832 9819;
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Mobile 0409 807 065, 0409 530 425, 0448 819
F-4. 696, AH 0418 577 420; Prior Notice 5824 1641;
5831 1987. Apt Operator 03 5832 9700; Mobile
Saint Arnaud 0409 807 065; 0418 576 310; 0409 807 065;
639′ YSTA +10:00 S36 38.2 E143 11.1 Fax 03 5831 1987. Ground Services 03 5823
Apt Manager 03-5358-8700. (03) 5495 1500. 1481.
09/27 1388′ GRAVEL. 5700kg(12566lbs)/ St George

350kPA. TODA 09 1585′. TODA 27 1585′. 656′ YSGE SGO +10:00 S28 03.0 E148
18/36 4521′ ASPHALT. TORA 36 4357′. LDA 35.7
18 4062′. LDA 36 4062′. TODA 18 4718′. TODA Apt Administration 07 4620 8888. ARO 0417
36 4554′. ASDA 36 4357′. RL. Pilot Controlled 741 328: 0427 253 430.
Lighting. 11/29 4987′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/
39' (12m) wingspan limitation applies to the 860 (125PSI)/T. TODA 11 5184′. TODA 29
taxilane between the aircraft parking positions 5184′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
on the N apron. Pilots are to exercise caution to This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
reduced wingtipclearance.
F-4, Jet A-1. St Helens
158′ YSTH HLS +10:00* S41 20.2 E148
Smithton 16.9
31′ YSMI SIO +10:00* S40 50.1 E145 05.0 Apt Administration 03 6376 7900; Fax 03 6376
Apt Administration Smithton 03 6452 1153 or 1551. AWOS H24 ( AWIS ) 03 6376 3581.
Hobart 6233 3367; Fax 6233 6657. AWOS H24 08/26 3510′ TURF/GRVL. TODA 08 3707′.
(AWIS) 03 6452 2812. TODA 26 3707′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
550 (80 PSI)/U. LDA 24 4675′. TODA 06 5443′.
F-4.
TODA 24 5443′. PORT-RL.
Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit. Stanthorpe
10/28 2034′ GRAVEL. TODA 10 2133′. TODA 2934′ YSPE SNH +10:00* S28 37.2 E151
28 2133′. 59.4
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Manager 07-4681-5500. FAX:
Bird hazard exists. 07-4681-5540.
08/26 5613′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
Snake Bay 580(84PSI)/U. TODA 08 5810′. TODA 26 5810′.
173′ YSNB SNB +09:30 S11 25.1 E130 38.9 RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ARO 08 8978 3820, AH 08 8970 9131, 8978 Animal hazards exists.
3832; Mobile 0429 601 810.
13/31 4734′ ASPHALT. TODA 13 4931′. TODA Stawell
31 4931′. RL. 807′ YSWL SWC +10:00* S37 04.3 E142
South Goulburn I 11/29 4603′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/D/
63′ YGBI +08:00 S11 39.0 E133 22.9 450(65PSI)/T. TODA 11 4800′. TODA 29 4800′.
Apt Manager 08-89790211; Fax 08-89790224. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
10/28 4593′ ASPH/BITU. TODA 10 4790′. 18/36 2802′ ASPHALT. 12566lbs (5700kg/
TODA 28 4790′. 450(65psi). TODA 18 2999′. TODA 36 2999′.
Animals (dogs) on & in vicinity of apt. AWIS 122.575 MHz requires 1 second pulse to
activate.
Rwy18 TKOF: at rwy head turn right to maintain F-4, Jet A-1.
track not less than 190 degrees mag. ABN. Fire 6.
Rwy 36 LDG: base leg must be no further than
2000ft from thr. Swan Hill
Night operations are prohibited on Rwy 18 and 234′ YSWH SWH +10:00* S35 22.5 E143
Rwy 36. 32.0
Gliding ops SR-SS, Sat, Sun & public holidays. Apt Administration 03 5036 2333; Fax 03 5036
Wire launching. 2340; council@swanhill.vic.gov.au.
F-4, Jet A-1. 04/22 3166′ TURF.
08/26 4905′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Strahan Lighting.
66′ YSRN SRN +10:00* S42 09.3 E145 17.5 15/33 2329′ TURF.
Apt Manager 03-6471-7261. F-4.
18/36 4003′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/D/
450 (65PSI)/. TODA 18 4199′. TODA 36 4199′. Sydney (Bankstown)
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 34′ YSBK +10:00* S33 55.5 E150 59.3
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 0230. ARO 0419 294 432.
11C/29C 4646′ ASPHALT. LDA 11C 4131′.
Streaky Bay LDA 29C 4449′. TODA 11C 4842′. TODA 29C
69′ YKBY KBY +09:30* S32 50.1 E134 17.6 4842′. MIRL.
Apt Manager 08 8626 1001, AH 0428 318 887. Rwy 11C/29C Right-Hand Circuit.
05/23 2559′ GRAVEL. 11L/29R 3609′ ASPHALT. TODA 11L 3806′.
13/31 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 13 4629′. TODA TODA 29R 3806′. MIRL.
31 4629′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 29R Right-Hand Circuit.
Weight Bear Capacity (RW11L/29R):
Sunshine Coast
16000kg(35274lbs)/1050kpa(150psi)
15′ YBSU MCY +10:00 S26 36.2 E153 05.5
11R/29L 3405′ ASPHALT. TODA 11R 3602′.
ARO 0419-658-272. ATS 07-5448-7662. Apt TODA 29L 3602′.
Operator 07-5453-1500; AH 3830 5251; Fax
07-5453-1511.
THIS AD IS A SECURITY CONTROLLED APT.
12/30 2133′ SLD. 12566. TODA 12 2329′.
TODA 30 2329′. ASDA 12 2198′. F-4, Jet A-1.
1500 (218PSI)/T. TODA 18 6092′. TODA 36 Sydney (Kingsford Smith Intl) Apt of Entry
21′ YSSY SYD +10:00* S33 56.8 E151 10.6
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 4919, 02 9667 1592. ARO 02 9667 9824;
Caution - Outside of tower hours due to visibility Mobile 0408 681714; Fax 02 9667 9377. Apt
restrictions from THR RWY 18 and 36 to THR Operator 61 2 9667 9888.
RWY 12, pilots are to ensure no conflicts exist
prior to takeoff.
07/25 8301′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/ Twy B and Twy C between Rwy 07/25 and Twy
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TORA 07 8300′. TORA 25 B10 not avbl to A380 acft due to weight limita-
8300′. LDA 07 8300′. LDA 25 7969′. TODA 07 tions.
8596′. TODA 25 8497′. ASDA 07 8399′. ASDA Twy T1 restricted to 171' (52m) max wingspan.
25 8300′. HIRL. Twy B5 and B6 not avbl to acft above 48,502
16L/34R 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/ lbs (22,000kg) MTOW. MAX tire pressure
1750 (254 PSI)/T. LDA 16L 7241′. LDA 34R 203psi (1400 kPa).
7874′. TODA 16L 8294′. TODA 34R 8196′. Twy C between Twy F and Twy B4 speed
HIRL. HIALS 16L. restriction MAX 20 kts applies to all acft above
16R/34L 12999′ ASPHALT. PCN 67/F/A/ 171 ' (52m) wingspan.
1750 (254 PSI)/U. LDA 16R 12720′. TODA 16R TwyC between Twy F & Twy B4 restricted to
13294′. TODA 34L 13297′. ASDA 16R 13097′. 198' (60.4m) wingspan.
HIRL. HIALS 16R.
Twy T2, T3, T5, U, DOM2 and DOM3 restricted
ATND SKD H24. Customs. to 118' (36m) wingspan and below.
DC-10/MD-11 type acft under power not permit- Twy C2 restrictedto MAX 118' (36m) wingspan.
ted to turn from Twy C to Twy F or Twy B3, due
Twy DOM2 north of Twy B4 restricted to MAX
to jet blast on apron.
118' (36m) wingspan except A330-200 aircraft
Intersection DEP Rwy 16R/34L from Twy B3, operating to and from Bay 39.
B4and B10 restricted to 118' (36m) wingspan
Tw
and below.
Twy F West Restriction - B747/B767 type air-
craft. Twy F not available for intersection depar- ARFF Services: Water rescue serviceand freq
tures or taxing east towards Rwy 16R/34L. Air- 131.0 MHz avbl H24. Request via ATC.
craft under tow permitted. CAT 10 avbl 1800-1200; CAT 9 avbl1200-1800.
Access to corporate aviation apron restricted to F-4, F-5, Jet A-1.
48,502 lbs (22,000kg) MTOW/98' (30m) wing- ABN. Fire 10.
span andbelow. Acft in excess of this are to
contact AD OPR prior to arrival. Tamworth
Pilots of acft larger than B737/A320 to exercise 1334′ YSTW TMW +10:00* S31 05.0 E150
caution when taxiing on Twy A or Twy B 50.8
between Twy B3 and Rwy 07/25 at intersec- Apt Administration 02 6760 7611 AH Duty Air-
tions of all twy. When acft larger than B737/ port Officer 0429 582 400; Fax 6760 7556.
A320 are holding short of the associated rwy, 06/24 2762′ TURF. TODA 06 2959′. TODA 24
no acft larger than B737/A320should taxi 2959′.
behind due to insufficient wingtip clearance. 12L/30R 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/C/
A340-600, A380-800, B777-300, Antonov 780 (113 PSI)/T. TODA 12L 7415′. TODA 30R
AN124 and B747-800 aircraft operations 7415′. MIRL.
restricted and specific taxi routes apply. Con- Rwy 30R Right-Hand Circuit.
tact AD OPR on 61 2 9667 9888 for active 12R/30L 3642′ ASPHALT.
operations restrictions document. AUW-13/1.0000 MPa. TODA 12R 3740′. TODA
Restricted Taxiways: 30L 3740′. RL.
18/36 3346′ TURF. LDA 18 3225′. TODA 18 Taroom

3543′. TODA 36 3543′. 786′ YTAM XTO +10:00 S25 48.1 E149 54.0
Bird hazard exists. Animal hazard exists RWY Apt Administration 07-4992-9500; Fax
12R/30L. 07-4992-3493. ARO 0439 768 661.
Model aircraft operations5nm east of airport 08/26 3579′ SILT/CLAY. PORT-RL. Pilot Con-
3281' radius up to 400FT AGL. trolled Lighting.
PPR for turbine powered aircraft above 5700 kg 12/30 3609′ GRAVEL. PCN 4/F/A/
(12,566 lbs) MTOW, except RPT, requiring 550(80PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
parking.
Aircraft below 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) MTOW and Temora
charter aircraftabove 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) must 921′ YTEM TEM +10:00* S34 25.3 E147
park in Bay 1, which is limited to 15 min unless 30.7
prior permission obtained from aerodrome Apt Administration H24 02 6980 1100; Fax 02
operator. 6980 1138.
Direct access from main apron into terminal 05/23 6693′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/B/1200/T.
building not permitted to GA/charter aircraft RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
pilots and passengers. Exit and enter main 09/27 2756′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/B/
apron via gate at base of old control tower. 580 (84PSI)/U.
See Tamworth 10-6 chart for additional require- 18/36 4816′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/B/
ments/restrictions. 580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 18 5072′. TODA 36
This AD is a security controlled AD. 5013′.
H24 fuel cardswipe bowser avbl. AWIS requires a 1 second pulse to activate.
F-4, Jet A-1. F-4.
ABN. Fire 5.
Tennant Creek
Taree 1236′ YTNK TCA +09:30 S19 38.1 E134
38′ YTRE TRO +10:00* S31 53.2 E152 30.8 11.0
Apt Administration 02-6592-5399, AH Apt Administration 08 8962 2894, AH 0402
0409-466-396; Fax 02-6592-5311. AWOS H24 088160 or Alice Springs - 08 8951 1211, AH
(AWIS) 02-6553-8254. 0402 088151. Apt Manager 08 8951 1211, AH
04/22 4934′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/ 0402 088151.
580(84PSI)/T. LDA 04 4557′. TODA 04 5131′. 07/25 6427′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
TODA 22 5131′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 07 6624′. TODA 25
12/30 1850′ DIRT. LDA 12 1542′. TODA 12 6624′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
2047′. TODA 30 2047′. RL. Pilot Controlled 11/29 3458′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
Lighting. 700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3655′. TODA 29
Animals on and in vicinity of airport. 3865′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Bird & animal hazard exists.
Fuel H24 self serve credit card bowsers availa- During heavy rain, standing water may be
ble. encountered at the RWY intersection.
F-4, Jet A-1. PPR for all regular public transport aircraft
above 12,566 lbs (5700kg) MTOWto remain at
or transit Tennant Creek except when planned 14/32 6234′ PAVED. PCN 19/F/C/
as alternate. Obtainable from Apt Manager on 1000 (145PSI)/U. TODA 14 6430′. TODA 32
24 hrs PN. 6430′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Airport oprerator does not provide aircraft mar-
Tibooburra
shalling. All requests to Airline or fixed base
operators. 584′ YTIB TYB +10:00* S29 27.1 E142 03.5
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Administration 02 6883 3000. ARO 08 8091
3310. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 8091 3439.
F-4.
02/20 3202′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 02 3399′. TODA
Thangool 20 3399′. PORT-RL.
644′ YTNG THG +10:00 S24 29.6 E150 34.6 PN before 0600 UTC for lighting.
Apt Administration 07 4992 9500; Fax 4992 15/33 5026′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 5223′. TODA
3493. AWOS H24 07 4995 8705. Apt Operator 33 5223′.
Fax 4995 8241. PN before 0600 UTC for lighting.
10/28 4993′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 12/F/C/ Animal hazard exists.
550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 10 5190′. TODA 28 F-4, Jet A-1.
5190′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit. Tindal (Tindal (Military))
14/32 2605′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 14 2802′. 443′ YPTN KTR +09:30 S14 31.3 E132 22.7
TODA 32 2802′. PORT-RL. Apt Manager H24 08 8973 6888.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 14/32 9002′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 60/F/C/
Jet A-1. 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 14 9003′. TORA 32
9003′. LDA 14 9003′. LDA 32 9003′. TODA 14
Thargomindah 9478′. TODA 32 9806′. ASDA 14 9199′. ASDA
433′ YTGM XTG +10:00 S27 59.2 E143 32 9199′. HIRL. HIALS 14.
Apt Manager 07-4655-3133. FAX: Bi-dir A-Gear 1266 ft AER.
07-4655-3131. ARO 07 4621 8000. Apt Man- Bi-dir A-Gear 1515 ft AER.
ager 07 4621 8000; Fax 07 4655 3131.
04/22 2776′ GRAVEL. TODA 04 2972′. TODA CTC Rescue and Fire Fighting services 08
22 2972′. 8973 6714 or Brisbane Centre. LZGT will be
13/31 4800′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/ activated 30 min prior to notified ETA, 15 min
860 (125PSI)/U. TODA 13 4997′. TODA 31 prior to notified ETD and left on for a period of
4997′. RL. ALS. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 45 min. Illuminated wind indicator will flash for
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. the last 10 min.
F-4, Jet A-1. ATND SKD Mon-Thur 2230-0730, Fri
2230-0530. Customs: PNR.
The Monument
24 hrs PNR for parking of all aircraft above
949′ YTMO +10:00 S21 48.7 E139 55.4 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) - phone 0418853395.
Apt Manager 4747-0221, 0417-747-808. Apt Animal and bird hazard exists.
Operator 07-4747-0998; Fax FAX
Aerodrome Lighting available outside tower
07-4747-0287.
hours, fixed lighting settings outside tower
hours. For Aerodrome Lightingoutside tower Seasonal bird hazzard exists.

hours, contact base fire on 119.7 at 30NM This airport is a Security Controlled Airport.
Tindal or on tax. Ambient light detector deter- Fuel services: AVGAS avail daily 2200-1700,
mines day/evening/night modes. Setting for Jet A1 M-F 2200-0700.
day/evening/night modes are changed with ref
F-4, Jet A.
to long term seasonal conditions.
RFF CAT 6 may be available after hours with Tottenham
48 hours PNR. OT CAT 4 (Subj domestic 780′ YTOT +10:00* S32 15.4 E147 22.1
OPS). Foam paths are not available. Apt Administration 02 6895 4444.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 03/21 3900′ ASPHALT.
Acft with MTOW of 55,116 lbs (25,000KG) or 11/29 2310′ GRAVEL. TODA 11 2507′. TODA
more require 180 degree turns on rwy, must 29 2507′.
execute at threshold ends of rwy.
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Townsville (Townsville Intl) Apt of Entry
ABN. Fire 6. 18′ YBTL TSV +10:00 S19 15.1 E146 45.9
Apt Administration 07 4727 3211, RAAF 0752
Tocumwal 2111; Fax 4779 1843, RAAF 4752 1210.
372′ YTOC TCW +10:00* S35 48.6 E145 01/19 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 71/F/C/
36.2 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 01 8661′. TODA 19
Apt Administration 03-58885100. Apt Manager 8661′. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
03-58742523. 07/25 3609′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/
09/27 3937′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 07 3806′. TODA 25
Lighting. 3806′. MIRL.
Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD H24. Customs.
18/36 4176′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 4373′. TODA Bird & animal hazards at airport.
36 4790′. Security Controlled Airport.
Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit. F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
F-4, Jet A-1. ABN. Fire 7.
Toowoomba Trepell
2086′ YTWB TWB +10:00 S27 32.5 E151 891′ YTEE +10:00 S21 50.1 E140 53.3
54.7
ARO 07-4747-4300, 0439-760-954,
Apt Operator 07 4688 6788. 07-4769-2100. AWOS H24 (AWIS)
06/24 2165′ TURF. TODA 06 2264′. TODA 24 07-4747-4593. Apt Manager 07-4769-2558,
2264′. 0427-130-721; Fax 07-4769-2222.
11/29 4400′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/ 14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/D/
1250 (181 PSI)/T. LDA 11 4006′. LDA 29 4006′. 1050 (152PSI) /U. TODA 14 6102′. TODA 32
TODA 11 4596′. TODA 29 4596′. RL. Pilot Con- 6102′. RL.
trolled Lighting. Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit.
ATND SKD First light till 1230 daily.
Parachute jumping exercises operations from Tumby Bay
sunrise to sunset. 32′ YTBB +09:30* S34 21.7 E136 05.7
Apt Manager 08 8688 2101; Fax 08 8688 2639. Model aircraft flying will take place within 3281'
15/33 3599′ SLD. TODA 15 3796′. TODA 33 (1000m) radius of S35 11.2 E 147 16.4
3796′. (approximately 10NM W of Wagga apt). SFC to
Rwy 15/33 lighting EMERG only by arrange- 1000' AGL and at Mt. Coreinbob, S35 16.8
ment. E147 33.5 (aprx 8nm SE of Wagga apt).
This airport is a Security Controlled Airport.
Tumut H24 Card Swipe AVGAS
878′ YTMU TUM +10:00* S35 15.8 E148 F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
14.4
ABN.
243 016, 0429 814 400, 0427 470 555 (AH). Waikerie
17/35 3478′ ASPHALT. 138′ YWKI +09:30 S34 11.0 E140 01.8
Fuel: H24 AVGAS and Jet A1 self service Apt Administration 08 8541 0700. ARO 0417
bowsers activated by credit cards and Skyfuel 032 691, 0417 866 652.
Carnets. Phone 0418 862 100 or refer to 02/20 2730′ GRAVEL.
www.skyfuel.com.au for site orie 08/26 3149′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Victoria River Downs Lighting.
291′ YVRD VCD +09:30 S16 24.2 E131 00.2 F-4.
Phone (08) 8975 0766. Walgett
09/27 3589′ GRAVEL. RL. 439′ YWLG WGE +10:00* S30 02.0 E148
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Administration 02 6828 1399; H24 0428
420 588 or 0419 995 062; Fax 02 6828 1608.
Wagga Wagga
05/23 5335′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/B/
724′ YSWG WGA +10:00* S35 09.9 E147 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5531′. TODA 23
ARO 02 6938 3161, 0417 658 953, 0409 771 18/36 3783′ TURF. TODA 18 3980′. TODA 36
895. Apt Manager 6926 9254; Mobile 0407 415 3980′.
371. Apt Operator Fax 6938 3146.
After rain deep water puddles.
05/23 5800′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/
Animal & bird hazard exists.
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5997′. TODA 23
5997′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 589 ft AMSL lit tower 330/0.7 nm from airport.
12/30 2933′ TURF. TODA 12 3031′. TODA 30 38 ft AGL lit mast adjacent to wind sock west of
3031′. Rwy 05/23.
From the threshold of RWY 12, traffic on short F-4.
final & on the ground near the threshold of Wangaratta
RWY 23 can be hidden from view, depending
504′ YWGT WGT +10:00* S36 24.9 E146
on aircraft size & flight path.
18.4
Bird hazard exists. Galahs common from Sep-
tember to December.
574569. AWOS H24 AWIS 03-5722-3713.
09/27 1739′ TURF. TODA 09 1837′. TODA 27 AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
1837′. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
18/36 5381′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ F-4, Jet A-1.
800 (116 PSI)/T. TODA 18 5577′. TODA 36
5577′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Warwick
Wangaratta is the home of the National Sport 1526′ YWCK WAZ +10:00* S28 09.0 E151
56.6
Aviation Centre. Intense sport aviation activities
ARO AH 0407-710-210/ 0408-953-775. Apt
will be periodically conducted here. Pilots are
advised to check NOTAM and the CTAF FREQ Manager 07-4661-0300; Fax 4661-0333.
for information on these activities. 09/27 5381′ SLD. PCN 10/F/B/580 (84PSI)/U.
F-4, Jet A-1. TODA 09 5577′. TODA 27 5577′. RL. Pilot Con-
trolled Lighting.
Warracknabeal
Gliding operations, Sunrise-Sunset, Saturday,
397′ YWKB WKB +10:00* S36 19.3 E142 Sunday and Public Holidays.
25.2
Apt Administration 03 5398 0100; H24 0427 Wave Hill
511 550; Fax 03 5394 1802. ARO 03 5398 658′ YWAV WAV +08:00 S17 23.7 E131
0134, 03 5398 0111. 07.1
08/26 4501′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled Phone (08) 8975 0787.
Lighting. 14/32 3806′ UNKNOWN.
17/35 2503′ TURF.
Weipa
F-4.
63′ YBWP WEI +10:00 S12 40.7 E141 55.5
Warren Apt Administration 0458 033 934. ARO 0458
669′ YWRN QRR +10:00* S31 44.0 E147 033 160. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 07 4069 9692.
48.1 Ground Services 07 4069 7318; H24 0428 197
Apt Administration 02 6847 6600; Fax 02 6847 873.
6633. ARO 02 6847 3080, 02 6847 3211. Apt 12/30 5397′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/B/
Manager 02-6847-4606. 1050 (152 PSI)/T. TODA 12 5594′. TODA 30
03/21 3461′ TURF. 5594′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
09/27 3894′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Fuel: After Hours 1HR PN, call out fee applies.
Warrnambool
F-4, Jet A-1.
242′ YWBL WMB +10:00* S38 17.5 E142
27.2 Wentworth
Apt Manager 03-55659230. FAX 03-55626670. 120′ YWTO +10:00 S34 05.3 E141 53.5
04/22 3507′ TURF. TODA 04 3704′. TODA 22 Apt Administration 03 5027 5027; Fax 03 5027
3704′. 2199. ARO 0429 952 796 (H24).
500 (73 PSI)/U. TODA 13 4698′. TODA 31 26 3832′.
17/35 3071′ SILT/CLAY. TODA 17 3169′. 04/22 2559′ CLAY. TODA 04 2756′. TODA 22
TODA 35 3169′. 2756′.
09/27 5200′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
West Sale
850 (123 PSI)/U. TODA 09 5397′. TODA 27
93′ YWSL +10:00* S38 05.5 E146 57.9 5397′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Administration 03 5142 3333; Mobile 0409 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
337903; Fax 5142 3499. ARO 5149 2337.
F-4.
05/23 1640′ TURF. TODA 05 1837′. TODA 23
1837′. Whyalla
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. 41′ YWHA WYA +09:30* S33 03.5 E137
09/27 5010′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/ 30.9
600 (87 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5207′. TODA 27 Apt Administration BH 08 8640 3444. ARO
5207′. RL. ALS. 8640 3444, AH 8649 4031, 8645 5804, 8645
Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit. 0213, 8645 3378; Mobile 0417 842459.
14/32 2293′ TURF. TODA 14 2490′. TODA 32 05/23 4619′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4816′. TODA
2490′. 23 4816′.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. 17/35 5531′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
Bird hazard exists. 1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5732′. TODA 35
CTAF procedures apply when R358 NOT ACT.
All aircraft except regular public transport air-
Military flying training at East Sale BRG
craft must park in the light aircraft area to south
080/8.7NM FM West Sale ARP may be conduc-
of regular public transport apron.
ted outside R358 HR of ACT. MIL ACFT may
be conducting random high speed maneuvers CAUTION: Animals and bird hazard exists.
within 20NM of East Sale, CTAF(R). This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Enroute: This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Military training within 20NM of East Sale CTAF F-4, Jet A-1.
( R). Pilots shall maintain a listening watch on
William Creek
West Sale/East Sale CTAF ( R) 118.3, and
broadcast intentions within 20NM of West Sale. 300′ YWMC +09:30* S28 54.4 E136 20.5
Fuel service provided by Aero Refuellers 24 ARO 08 8670 7962. Apt Manager wright-
hours. Limited service on weekends. Phone sair@bigpond.com.
0458-411-599. 11/29 3937′ SLD.
Jet A-1. Prior permission required.
Birds in vicinity.
West Wyalong
F-4, Jet A-1.
859′ YWWL WWY +10:00* S33 56.2 E147
11.5 Williamson
Apt Administration 02 6972 2266; Fax 6972 104′ YWIS Mil. +10:00 S22 28.4 E150 10.7
2145. ARO 0418 652 704; 0427 723 130; 0428 Apt Manager 07-4931-4700. FAX:
116 700. After hours: 6972 2558; 6972 3206. 07-4931-4747.
AWOS H24 AWIS (Phone) 02 697 3564.
14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/F/C/ F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
1100(159 PSI)/T. Fire 6.
ATND SKD PPR.
Windorah
Williamtown (Williamtown Military) 452′ YWDH WNR +10:00* S25 24.8 E142
31′ YWLM NTL Mil. +10:00* S32 47.7 E151 40.0
50.1 Apt Manager 61-076563162.
Gen Aviation 02-4928-9810, 04-1728-1866; 04/22 4508′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
Fax 02-4965-1556; operations2@newcastleair- 860 (124PSI)/U. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
port.com.au. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
12/30 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/B/ AVGAS and Jet A1 bowser.
1750(254PSI)/U. TODA 12 8195′. TODA 30
H24- Phone: 0417 624 422, AH 07 4658 2616.
8195′. HIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS. Pilot Controlled
EFTPOS, credit card and cash accepted. PN
Lighting.
required. Call out fee may apply.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 2100-1200 UTC, Sat
0700-1030UTC, Sun-Hol 0700-1130UTC. Cus- Winton
toms. 638′ YWTN WIN +10:00* S22 21.4 E143
CAUTION - Model acft operate at Hexham 04.9
bridge surface to 400' AGL 234°/7.1NM froas ARO 4657 2659; H24 AH (H24) 0448 002 338
plume located S32-50-00.85 e151-49-32.7, OR 0429 028 679. Apt Operator 07-4657-2666.
MAG BRG 195°, 2.1NM from THR Rwy 30m 05/23 2920′ CLAY. PORT-RL.
airport and at Oyster Cove 057°/7.2nm from air-
14/32 4600′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 16/F/B/
port.
900 (131PSI)/T. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled
CAUTION - High velocity g. Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled airport This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Fire Protection: Category 6, 2000-1200UTC, F-4.
other times Cat 4.
Williamtown circuit area defined as 5NM radius Wollongong
of Willamtown ARP, overland, surface to 1500 31′ YWOL WOL +10:00* S34 33.7 E150
AMSL. 47.3
Circuit heights: Apt Administration 02 4221 6144, AH 4257
- JET and TURBOPROP ACFT- 1500' AMSL 2056; Fax 4221 6016.
- Other FIXED WING- 1000' AMSL 08/26 4367′ ASPHALT. LDA 26 4071′. TODA
- ROTARY WING- 500' AMSL 08 4564′. TODA 26 4564′.
Parachute operations at Stockton Bearing 190° Rwy 26 Right-Hand Circuit.
Mag/7 DME. Practice touch and go landings are to be avoi-
All Civilian training aircraft must contact ATC for ded.
approval and slot time prior to req clearance. Simulated engine failure to be avoided.
Circuit training is only available to operators 16/34 5968′ ASPHALT. PCN 23/F/C/
based at Williamtown. Please contact 02 4034 7500/1000(145PSI)/T. LDA 34 5390′. TODA 16
6912.
6165′. TODA 34 6165′. RL. Pilot Controlled Apt Administration 03 6642 1133; Mobile 0408
Lighting. 551440, 0419 369404; Fax 03 6442 4017.
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. AWOS AWIS 03 6442 4159.
AWIS activated by 1 second transmission. 05/23 2713′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/
Ultralight aircraft training in vicinity of airport. 600 (87 PSI)/T. LDA 05 2549′. LDA 23 2516′.
TODA 05 2812′. TODA 23 2812′.
Woomera Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit.
549′ YPWR UMR Mil. +09:30* S31 09/27 5413′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/
08.6 E136 49.0 1250 (181 PSI)/T. TODA 09 5610′. TODA 27
ARO 08 8674 3237. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08 5610′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
8673 7106. Apt Manager Fax 08 8674 3217. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Operator H24 08 8674 3370. Pilots departing RWY 23 in strong SW winds
12/30 5295′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 12 can expect downdraughts and moderateto
5492′. TODA 30 6279′. PORT-RL. severe turbulence.
18/36 7782′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/ Caution: Bird hazard exists.
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 18 7979′. TODA 36 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
AH 60 MIN PN. AH callout fees apply
Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit. 1800-0600.
Animal hazard exists. F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Yarram
60′ YYRM +10:00 S38 34.0 E146 45.3
Wudinna AWOS H24 (AWIS) 03-5182-5697. Apt Man-
310′ YWUD WUD +09:30* S33 02.6 E135 ager 03 5142 3333; Fax 03 5182 6264.
26.8 05/23 3576′ SAND/SILT. TODA 05 3773′.
Phone (08) 8680 2002. TODA 23 3773′.
07/25 3081′ GRAVEL. 09/27 2480′ GRVL/SAND. TODA 09 2677′.
14/32 4954′ ASPHALT. TODA 14 5151′. TODA TODA 27 2677′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Yarrawonga
Wycheproof 424′ YYWG +10:00* S36 01.7 E146 01.7
350′ YWYF +10:00* S36 03.5 E143 14.6 Apt Manager 0428 752 274.
Apt Administration 1300 520 520; Fax 03 5493 01/19 3750′ ASPH/CLAY. PCN 9/F/B/T. TORA
7395. 19 3947′. LDA 19 3691′. TODA 01 3947′. TODA
08/26 2355′ TURF. 19 4144′. ASDA 19 3947′. RL. Pilot Controlled
17/35 3386′ TURF. Lighting.
Sealed turning nodes each end of RW 01/19.
Wynyard
Mobile agricultural irrigator may be in vicinity of
62′ YWYY BWT +10:00* S40 59.9 E145 apch to Rwy 19.
43.9
CAUTION: R363 Mulwala (1.15 NM radius/
2000FT centered on 35 58 40S 145 58 44E,
H24).
F-4.
Yorke Island
10′ YYKI OKR +10:00 S09 45.2 E143 24.3
ARO 4069-4128. Apt Manager 07-4069-1446;
Fax 07-4069-1868.
12/30 3281′ ASPHALT. LDA 12 3084′. LDA 30
3084′.
ATND SKD PPR.
Young
1267′ YYNG NGA +10:00* S34 15.0 E148
14.9
02-6380-1299.
WEST & CENTRAL AUSTRALIA

6010′. RL.
lines or FBO.
inop.
Supervisor.
(5700kg) MTOW.
Adelaide 10-4 page.
F-4, Jet A-1.
clear at all times. Albany
Bird hazard exists. 233′ YABA ALH +08:00 S34 56.6 E117 48.5
This AD is a Security Controlled airport. Apt Administration 08 9841 9333; Fax 9841
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. 7372. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9842-1623. Apt
ABN. Fire 8 CAT8 2030-1330UTC; CAT5 Manager 08 9841 7372; 0439 694 666. Ground
1330-2030UTC (CAT8 on request minimum 1 Services 0439-282540.
05/23 3596′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/A/
hours. 1050 (152PSI)/U. TODA 05 3793′. TODA 23
3802′.
14/32 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 21/F/A/
57′ YPPF +09:30* S34 47.6 E138 38.0
1250 (181 PSI)/T. TODA 14 6102′. TODA 32
5006. ARO 08 8308 9333.
03L/21R 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 03L 4626′.
F-4, Jet A-1.
TODA 21R 4626′. RL.
Alice Springs Apt of Entry Apt Manager 08-8672-7078. Fax (08) 8672
1789′ YBAS ASP +09:30 S23 48.5 E133 7181.
54.0 07/25 3150′ TURF.
Ayers Rock
5046.
1626′ YAYE AYQ +09:30 S25 11.2 E130
12/30 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 60 F/B/
58.5
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 12 8983′. TODA 30
8983′. MIRL. HIALS 12. Apt Administration 08 8957 7888. ARO 08 8956
2020 diverts to 0428 881325; Fax 08 8956
17/35 3717′ ASPHALT. PCN 4/F/B/
2137. Apt Manager 08 8956 2020, 08 8956
750(109PSI)/U. TODA 17 3914′. TODA 35
2630; Fax 08 8956 2545.
3914′. RL.
13/31 8527′ ASPHALT. PCN 37/F/A/
Customs.
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 13 8724′. TODA 31
Bird hazard exists. 8724′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CAUTION: Sealed drag strip located 1KM west Rwy 31 Right-Hand Circuit.
of airport boundary, aligned parallel with
All regular public transport and fixed base oper-
runway 17/35. May be mistaken for runway.
ators contact aerodrome operator for details.
CONFIRM runway identification by runway
markings/lights. CAUTION: Hazardous conditions exist for light
acft when ldg on rwt arriving directly from over-
Unscheduled operations diverting into Alice
seas airport require minimum 7 day dotice; all
Springs require prior notice to the ARFF and
others require 24 hr notice by Email or FAX.
Airport Management.
Aircraft with wingspan 118 FT (36M) and above
must execute over steer turns fromRwy 12/30 Motor Gliders with a wing span greater than 49
onto Twys C and D due insufficient Twy edge ft (15M) required to give airport 72 hr notice to
clearance. arrange parking, andshould also fold wings
prior to entering the general aviation apron and
This AD is a Security Controlled airport.
parkingarea.
Manned balloon activity in vicinity of circuit area
F-4, Jet A-1.
sunrise and early mornings.
Fire 6.
RESTRICTION: Acft 176,370 LBS (80,000 KG)
and above must use Rwy 12/30 THR turning
Balgo Hill
nodes. Acft turn starboard 180 degrees. Line
1440′ YBGO BQW +08:00 S20 08.9 E127
designed fo accommodate B777-300ER/ 58.4
A340-600 normal turn radius. All acft to use
MIM speed and MAX radius turns to avoid
8900; Fax 08 9168 8950. ARO 08 9168 8996.
pavement damage.
04/22 2270′ GRAVEL. TODA 04 2467′. TODA
F-4, Jet A-1.
22 2467′.
ABN. Fire 6.
15/33 5282′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 5479′. TODA
Andamooka 33 5479′. RL.
250′ YAMK ADO +09:30* S30 26.3 E137 Aircraft with more than 10 seats are required to
08.2 contact AD operation 2 hours prior to arrival for
rwy inspection.
Barimunya 08/26 5518′ UNKNOWN. PCN 8/F/B/

2082′ YBRY +08:00 S22 40.4 E119 10.0 806 (117PSI) /T. TODA 08 5774′. TODA 26
Apt Administration 08 9320 4259. Apt Manager 5715′.
barimunyaairport@bhpbilliton.com. Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
10/28 6365′ PAVED. PCN 29 F/A/ Restricted OPS: PPR from AD OPR (AD Man-
1200 (174psi)/T. LDA 10 6168′. LDA 28 6168′. ager)
TODA 10 6562′. TODA 28 6562′. ASDA 10
Borroloola
6562′. ASDA 28 6562′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting. 55′ YBRL BOX +08:00 S16 04.5 E136 18.1
Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Manager 08-8924-7202. 08-8924-7513.
All aircraft above 16535 lbs must roll through to 02/20 3770′ GRAVEL.
turning nodes and carry out 180° turn. F-4, Jet A-1.
Bathurst I Bronzewing
67′ YBTI BRT +09:30 S11 46.1 E130 37.2 1645′ YBWG +08:00 S27 21.9 E121 02.1
ARO AH 08 8978 3832; Mobile 0417 818 869. Apt Administration 08 9214 1000 (Perth Office).
Apt Operator Airport Manager. Apt Manager 08 9026 8000; Fax 08 9026 8099.
15/33 4823′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/ 09/27 6693′ PAVED. RL.
580 (84PSI)/U. TODA 15 5020′. TODA 33
Broome (Broome Intl) Apt of Entry
56′ YBRM BME +08:00 S17 57.0 E122 13.7
Animals in vinity of airport.
Apt Administration
Aerodrome no available sunrise to sunset
08-9194-0600,0437-900-566, PH/AH
except for medical emergencies and other air-
0438-921-699, 0417-955; Fax 08 9194 0610.
craft with prior notice to ARO 0417 818 869or
ARO 0408-938-024.
Police 0439 792 340.
10/28 7769′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
Bellevue 145psi(1000kPa)/T. TORA 10 8064′. LDA 28
1555′ YBLU +08:00 S27 36.8 E120 35.6 7375′. TODA 10 8261′. TODA 28 7966′. ASDA
Apt Administration ssmith@xstrata- 10 8064′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
nickel.com.au. ARO H24 08 9066 4100; Fax 08 Runway 10 length for sunset to sunrise opera-
9066 4199. tions - Start of TORA at threshold runway 10
01/19 6562′ UNKNOWN. PCN 31/F/A/ marked by red lights. Reduce TORA, TODA,
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 01 6758′. TODA 19 ASDA and LDA and supplementary distances
6758′. PORT-RL. by 90m (295 ft).
Boolgeeda CAUTION: Bird hazard exists.
1871′ YBGD +08:00 S22 32.4 E117 16.5 CAUTION: Possiblity exists of poor radio propa-
Apt Administration 08-9188-9102; Fax 08 9188 gation in the CTAF area from aircraft on ground
9010. ARO 0457 551 034, 08 9188 9222; Fax or operating low level.
08 9188 9010. Apt Manager 0457 520 895. 48hrs prior notice required for parking aircraft
above 5700 kg (12,566 lbs) MTOW.
Itinerant roatary wing parking to Northern gen- Standard operating hrs for acft greater
eral aviation apron. than12,566 lbs (5,700 KG) 0700-2200 (WST);
Parachute jump activities take place June to approval required from airport manager for
September. operations outside these hrs.
Pilots of arriving ACFT shall broadcast on the Security Controlled Airport
CTAF at 30 NM. All pilots and operators must possess and dis-
Pilots of outbound ACFT shall monitor the play a current Aviation Security Identification
CTAF untill 30 NM. Card (ASIC) when airside.
Pilots are required to maintain the safety and Fuel: U.
security of their passengersairside.
Cape Leveque
Call sign refuel on frequency 129.9 Mhz, for
75′ YCLQ +08:00 S16 24.0 E122 55.9
both refuellers not always monitored.
F-4, Jet A-1.
13/31 3675′ UNKNOWN.
Fire 5.
Aircraft Landing Area only
Bunbury Prior permission required
53′ YBUN BUY +08:00 S33 22.7 E115 40.6 CAUTION: Soft Edges
ARO 08-9792-7084, Emergency H24 CAUTION: After rain
08-9792-7000.; Fax 08-9792-7184. Apt Opera- CAUTION: AD not registered or certified. Regu-
tor 08-9792-7000. lar NOTAM service not provided. Pilots and
07/25 3999′ ASPHALT. TORA 07 3330′. LDA operators must check NOTAMS and CTC AD
07 3330′. LDA 25 3330′. TODA 07 3527′. TODA operator directly to ensure currency and accu-
25 4196′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. racy of AD movement areas & light info. Refer
Ultralight and microlight operations sunrise to to IAL DAP 1-4.
sunset.
Carnarvon
F-4, J.
13′ YCAR CVQ +08:00 S24 52.8 E113 40.3
Busselton Apt Administration 08 9941 1708, AH 9941
55′ YBLN BQB +08:00 S33 41.2 E115 24.0 3332; Fax 08 9941 0099. ARO 08 9941 3033;
Apt Administration 08 9781 0444 AD 08 9754 Mobile 0419 041 723. Apt Manager Fax 08
2333; Mobile 0417 928916, 0407 993925, AH 9941 3033, 9941 4266; airport.supervisor@car-
08 9754 6129, 9754 7319, 9752 4601.; Fax 08 narvon.wa.gov.au.
9754 2300. Apt Manager Mobile 0419 046 601. 04/22 5509′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/A/
03/21 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/A/ 1200 (174 PSI)/T. TORA 22 5387′. LDA 22
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6102′. TODA 21 5387′. TODA 04 5705′. TODA 22 5640′. ASDA
6102′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 22 5387′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Parachute jumping operations on apt up to 18/36 3740′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/A/
14000 ft. 700 (101 PSI)/U. TODA 18 3937′. PORT-RL.
Bird hazard exist. Birds on or in vicinity of airport.
Private charter acft notify ARO of ETA/EOBT CAUTION: Radio mast 142 ft at 347 degs / 920
for bird hazard management prior to ARR/DEP. M (0.5) nm FM ARP (Aerodrome Reference
Point)
F-4, Jet A-1. 18/36 2936′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3035′. TODA

36 3035′. RL.
Ceduna
77′ YCDU CED +09:30* S32 07.8 E133 42.6 Coober Pedy
H24 (AWIS) 08-8625-3426. Apt Manager 0417 740′ YCBP CPD +09:30* S29 02.4 E134
713 574. Apt Operator 08-8628-7197. 43.2
11/29 5735′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/ Apt Manager 08-8672-5298.
750 (110 PSI) T. TORA 11 5709′. TORA 29 04/22 4685′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled
5709′. LDA 11 5709′. LDA 29 5709′. TODA 11 Lighting.
5905′. TODA 29 5905′. ASDA 11 5709′. ASDA 14/32 2720′ TURF. PCN 6/F/B/700(102PSI)/U.
29 5709′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. TODA 14 2917′. TODA 32 2917′.
17/35 3327′ GRAVEL. UNRATED, GRAVEL. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
TODA 17 3524′. TODA 35 3524′. PORT-RL. F-4, Jet A-1.
Bird hazard exists, particularly between August
and February. Coondewanna
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 2327′ YCWA +08:00 S22 58.0 E118 48.8
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Administration 08 6224 4259; Fax 08 6224
4099. ARO 08 9126 8150; 08 9126 8430; 08
Christmas Creek 9126 8431.
1454′ YCHK CKW +08:00 S22 21.3 E119 08/26 6824′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/B/
38.6 500 (73PSI)/T. TORA 08 6398′. TORA 26
ARO H24 08 91777291. Apt Manager 08 6332′. LDA 08 5905′. LDA 26 5905′. TODA 08
91777290; ccairport@fmgl.com.au. 6890′. ASDA 08 6398′. ASDA 26 6332′. RL.
09/27 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/A/ Restricted OPS. PPR from AD Manager.
1000 (145PSI/U. TODA 09 8399′. TODA 27
8399′. Cowell
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. 127′ YCWL CCW +09:30* S33 40.0 E136
53.5
PPR: 24 hour prior notice required for all
unscheduled aircraft. ARO 0427 973 219. Apt Manager 08 8629
2231; Fax 08 8629 2152.
Aircraft marshalling provided for all aircraft
above 12566lbs (5700kg) MTOW. 04/22 3898′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 04 4094′.
No aircraft fueling facilities available.
12/30 3468′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 12 3665′.
Cleve TODA 30 3665′.
589′ YCEE CVC +09:30* S33 42.6 E136 17/35 4829′ SAND/CLAY. TODA 17 5026′.
30.3 TODA 35 5036′.
Croker I
08-8628-2004.
51′ YCKI CKI +08:00 S11 09.9 E132 29.0
26 4626′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Apt Manager 08-89790299.
Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit. 13/31 4701′ SAND. TODA 13 4898′. TODA 31
4898′.
Cue 14/32 6460′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/

1450′ YCUE CUY +08:00 S27 26.8 E117 805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 14 6657′. TODA 32
55.1 6650′.
Apt Administration 08 9963 8600; Fax 08 9963 Jet A-1.
1085. ARO 0427 074 201.
Darwin (Darwin Intl) Apt of Entry
04/22 6499′ GRAVEL. PCN 12/F/C/
103′ YPDN DRW +09:30 S12 24.9 E130
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 04 6696′. TODA 22
52.6
6696′. PORT-RL.
Apt Administration 08 8920 1811, BH 08 8920
11/29 3271′ SAND. TODA 11 3468′. TODA 29
1800; H24 08 8920 1852; Fax 08 8920 1800.
3468′. PORT-RL.
11/29 11004′ ASPHALT. PCN 81/F/C/
Portable runway lights emergency only.
1750(254 PSI)/T. TODA 11 11299′. TODA 29
Cunderdin 11299′. HIRL. PORT-RL. HIALS 29.
705′ YCUN +08:00 S31 37.3 E117 13.0 18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/C/
Apt Administration admin@cunder- 1050(152 PSI)/U. TODA 18 5197′. TODA 36
din.wa.gov.au. ARO 0409-686-938. Apt Man- 5197′. PORT-RL.
ager 08-9635-1005; Fax 08-9635-1464. ATND SKD H24. Customs.
05/23 6040′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 10/F/A/ Bird hazard exists.
850 (123 PSI)/T. TODA 05 6237′. TODA 23 This AD is a Security Controlled airport.
6237′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
14/32 4951′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 10/F/A/ ABN. Fire 8.
850 (123 PSI)/T. TODA 14 5148′. TODA 32
5148′. DeGrussa
PPR 1823′ YDGU +13:00 S25 33.5 E119 17.3
Apt Administration site.admin@sand-
Curtin fire.com.au. Apt Manager 08 6141 1729.
300′ YCIN DCN +08:00 S17 34.9 E123 49.7 09/27 6299′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/A/
Apt Administration 08 9191 1433. 1000(145psi)/T. RL.
11/29 10003′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/A/ PPR: must be requested at least 72HR befor
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 11 11004′. TODA 29 operations.
10971′. ASDA 11 10207′. ASDA 29 10203′.
MIRL. Delamere
Kangaroos and birds in vicinity of airport. 730′ YDWF +10:00 S15 44.7 E131 54.4
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Administration PH 08 8977 0541; Fax 08
8977 0555.
Darlot 09/27 3700′ GRVL/CLAY.
1513′ YDLO +08:00 S27 52.4 E121 16.3 AVGAS available.
ARO AH 08 9080 3428; H24 08-9080-3520; Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
Toll Free 08 9080 3409. Apt Manager 08 9080
3425. Apt Operator 08-9080-3500. Denmark
230′ YDEK +08:00* S34 56.8 E117 23.8
Apt Administration 08 9848 0300; On Call AH Fire 6 avbl 2215-1330 Mon-Fri, 2215-0730 Fri,
Emergency 0419 949 733. Apt Operator Airstrip After hours and Public holidays Fire 4.
08 9848 1334. Ground Services 08 9848 2055, CAUTION: Birds vicinity of airport.
08 9848 2295. CAUTION: Railway .16nm S of rwy 18/36.
09/27 3950′ BITUMEN. RL. C17 and similar HVY ACFT requiring backtrack
Public Telephones and Toilets. on RWY 18/36 are to utilise the concrete ends
Hills to the West. of RWY 18/36 for turning, unless directed other-
AD used as forward base foraerial water bomb- wise by ATC.
CTAF OPS: Due to terrain shielding vehicles
ers in event of regional brushfires. Use caution,
park on grass during water bomber OPS. and aircraft com limited when communicating-
No fuel at airport. directly from opposite ends of Rwy 18/36. Air-
ACFT greater than 4409LBS (2000KG) make craft with known limited ground com (EG PC9)
wide radius turns while on RWY, no pivot turns. and all vehicles are required to enter Rwy 18/36
from Twy K, F or C. Aircraft with multi antennae
Derby must use upper antennae for CTAF com.
24′ YDBY DRB +10:00 S17 22.2 E123 39.6 Jet A-1. Oxygen.
Apt Administration 08 9191 1706; On Call 08 ABN. Fire 6.
9191 1479, 9191 1623, 9193 1310, 9191 1184;
Mobile 0408 011433. Elcho I
05/23 3799′ PAVED. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. 101′ YELD ELC +09:30 S12 01.2 E135 34.2
11/29 5695′ ASPHALT. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. Apt Administration 08-8987-9040, fax
TODA 11 5991′. TODA 29 5991′. RL. Pilot Con- 08-8987-9212. Apt Manager H24
trolled Lighting. 0458-898-944; mya.manager@marthakal.org.
Birds in vicinity of airport. 10/28 4724′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/
A 580 (84psi)/U. TODA 10 4921′. TODA 28
F-4, Jet A-1.
Edinburgh (Edinburgh (Military)) Possibility of animals on movement area.
67′ YPED +09:30* S34 42.1 E138 37.2 Animals in vincinity of airport.
Esperance
08-2562222.
470′ YESP EPR +08:00 S33 41.1 E121 49.4
04/22 6437′ TURF. TODA 04 6634′. TODA 22
6634′. RL. Apt Administration 08 9071 0666; airport@esp-
erance.wa.gov.au. ARO 0428 935 618. AWOS
H24 (AWIS) 08 9075 4070. Apt Manager AH 08
18/36 8399′ ASPHALT. PCN 44/F/C/ 9075 4075, 0428 935618; Fax 08 9075 4004.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 18 8596′. TODA 36
03/21 3865′ GRAVEL. PCN 10/F/B/
8596′. ASDA 18 8481′. ASDA 36 8487′. MIRL.
550 (80 PSI)/T. TODA 03 4062′. TODA 21
Rwy 18 Right-Hand Circuit. 4062′.
ATND SKD Mon-Thu 2230-1330, Fri 11/29 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/A/
2230-0730, other times as required. Customs. 1034 (150PSI)/T. TODA 11 6234′. TODA 29
PPR for all Civilian acft. Call 08 7383 3247 or 6234′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
7383 2114. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.

1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 12 7743′. TODA 30
Fitzroy Crossing 7743′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 12
368′ YFTZ FIZ +08:00 S18 10.9 E125 33.5 Land prior permission only. Rwy 30 Land prior
Apt Manager 08-9191-5068. FAX 091-911221. permission only.
01/19 4265′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/ PPR 24HR PN required for all unscheduled air-
1000 (145PSI)/T. LDA 01 4242′. TODA 01 craft.
4462′. TODA 19 4462′. RL. Pilot Controlled Jet A-1.
Lighting.
AWIS (PHONE) 08 9191 5983 Garden Point
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 90′ YGPT GPN +09:30 S11 23.9 E130 25.5
F-4, Jet A-1. ARO Mobile 0400 271 228. Apt Manager
08-89783988; Fax PH 08 8978 3803.
Forrest 04/22 4314′ SAND/GRVL. Unrated. TODA 04
511′ YFRT FOS +08:00 S30 50.3 E128 06.9 4511′. TODA 22 4511′. Pilot Controlled Light-
Apt Manager 9022-6403; Fax 9022-6413; ing.
info@forrestairport.com.au. Apt Operator PH This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
08-9201-0034; Fax PH 9201-0074.
Geraldton
27 4623′. 121′ YGEL GET +08:00 S28 47.8 E114 42.5
18/36 4984′ ASPHALT. TODA 18 5181′. TODA Apt Administration 08 9923 3207, 0417 187023;
36 6001′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. manager@geraldtonairport.com.au. ARO
0417-187-023, 0438-628-004, 0439-930-224.
F-4, Jet A-1.
03/21 6499′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
ABN.
1600 (230 PSI)/T. TODA 03 6696′. TODA 21
Forrestania 6696′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
1366′ YFTA +08:00 S32 34.7 E119 42.4 08/26 2953′ GRAVEL. TODA 08 3150′. TODA
Apt Administration rsloan@westernar- 26 3150′.
eas.com.au. ARO 08 9891 0200, 08 9891 14/32 2769′ GRAVEL. TODA 14 2966′. TODA
0207, 08 9891 0218. Apt Manager 32 2966′.
08-9334-7777 BH; Fax 08-9891-0201, Bird hazard exists.
08-9891-0250. For operations west of Geraldton refer to ERC
15/33 5020′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/ L8 for lateral bounds of Abrolhos Islands; all
800 (116PSI)/U. TODA 15 5216′. TODA 33 operations on the Abrolhos Islands - CTAF
5216′. RL. PORT-RL. 127.1 MHz.
AD fenced. F-4, Jet A-1.
Fortescue Dave Forrest Gibb River
1565′ YFDF +08:00 S22 17.5 E119 26.2 1669′ YGIB GBV +08:00 S16 25.4 E126
Apt Administration Fax 08 9176 6610; 26.7
fdf@fmgl.com.au. ARO H24 0437 488 818. Apt 07/25 3497′ UNKNOWN.
Manager 08 9176 6485. ATND SKD PPR.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Groote Eylandt

53′ YGTE GTE +09:30 S13 58.5 E136 27.6
Gingin
247′ YGIG +08:00 S31 27.9 E115 51.8
4300. ARO H24 0447 866 322; 08 8987 7108;
08/26 5997′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/ Fax 08 8987 7106.
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 08 6522′. TODA 26
10/28 6237′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/B/
6998′. ASDA 08 6194′. ASDA 26 6194′. RL.
700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6434′. TODA 28
ATND SKD 0030-0830 Mon-thu 0030-0700 fri. 6434′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Animal hazard exists. Bird hazard exists at SR-SS.
Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. CAUTION: Blasting may take place during day-
Fire 4. light.
Golden Grove AWIS activated by 1 second transmission.
1183′ YGGE +08:00 S28 45.9 E116 58.3 Airport is an aboriginal reserve and a permit is
required to proceed past airport.
Apt Operator 08 9956 4222; Fax Airport Man-
ager. F-4, Jet A-1.
11/29 4580′ SLD. PCN 7/F/A/805 (117PSI)/U. Halls Creek
RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 11 Land prior 1346′ YHLC HCQ +08:00 S18 14.0 E127
permission only. Rwy 29 Land prior permission 40.2
only.
ARO 08 0437 170. AWOS 08 9168 5513. Apt
Goolwa Manager Fax 08 9168 623. Apt Operator 08
104′ YGWA +09:30* S35 28.9 E138 45.1 9168 6007: 0427 196 915: 0439 092 726: 0407
993 407, AH 9168 6122: 0427 196 915: 0407
Apt Manager 08-8555-4030: 0427-812-422.
993 407. Ground Services 08 9168 6007, AH.
01/19 3576′ DIRT.
04/22 4839′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/A/
Rwy 01 Right-Hand Circuit. 1000(145PSI)/T. TODA 04 5036′. TODA 22
ATND SKD PPR. 5036′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Fuel: U. 08/26 3104′ GRAVEL. AUW-13/0.6000 MPa.
TODA 08 3202′. TODA 26 3202′.
Gove
205′ YPGV GOV +09:30 S12 16.2 E136
49.1 All aircraft landing RWY 04/22 to use full length
of RWY. 180° turns at RWY ends only.
1370; Fax 08 8987 1516, 08 8987 2451. ARO F-4, Jet A-1.
0448 863 903; Mobile 0407 619 350, 0418 839 Hooker Creek
664, 0447 801 141.
1050′ YHOO HOK +09:30 S18 20.2 E130
13/31 7244′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/ 38.6
1150 (167 PSI)/T. TODA 13 7441′. TODA 31
ARO 08 8975 0329. Apt Manager 08 8975
0329.
F-4, Jet A-1.
10/28 5118′ DIRT. TODA 10 5315′. TODA 28
5315′. PORT-RL.
F-4, Jet A-1. Radio mast 1650 ft AMSL 280 deg 2.6 nm from
airport.
Jabiru
85′ YJAB JAB +09:30 S12 39.5 E132 53.6
Cat B,C and D aircraft landing rwy 11 at night to
ARO H24 0467 721 193. AWOS AWIS 08 8979 use VASIS and be established on final by 4nm.
3181. Apt Manager 08 8938 1470; Fax 08 8938
Radio contact between aircraft on the ground is
1415.
effected by shielding, particularly between
09/27 4944′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/ apron areas and the eastern end of Rwy11/29.
A700(102PSI)/U. TORA 09 4600′. TORA 27
4600′. LDA 09 4600′. LDA 27 4600′. TODA 09
4862′. TODA 27 4862′. ASDA 09 4600′. ASDA Kalkgurung
27 4600′. PORT-RL. 647′ YKKG KFG +08:00 S17 25.9 E130 48.5
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. On Call AH 08-8975-0790. Apt Manager
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 08-8975-0799.
F-4, Jet A-1. 03/21 4101′ GRVL/SLD. Unrated. TODA 03
4298′. TODA 21 4298′. RL.
Kalbarri
515′ YKBR KAX +08:00 S27 41.5 E114 15.6
3235′. TODA 31 3235′.
ARO 9937-1097; 0429-341-203. Apt Operator
Birds and animals in vicinity of airport.
08 9934 1202; Fax 9934 1072.
18/36 5249′ SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 18 5446′. TODA 36 Kalumburu
5446′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 95′ YKAL +08:00 S14 17.3 E126 37.9
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport Apt Manager 08-9161-4333.
Kalgoorlie-Boulder 10/28 3665′ GRASS. UNRATED. TODA 10
1203′ YPKG KGI +08:00 S30 47.4 E121 3763′. TODA 28 3763′.
27.7 ATND SKD PPR.
Apt Administration 08 9093 3436 or 0417 Kambalda
909506; Fax 08 9093 3415.
1037′ YKBL +08:00* S31 11.4 E121 35.9
11/29 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 35/F/A/
ARO Mobile 0419 916 530. Apt Operator
1400 (203 PSI)/T. TODA 11 6759′. TODA 29
08-9088-1111; Fax 08-9088-1112.
16/34 5906′ GRAVEL. PCN 20 /F /A/
18/36 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/
724 (105PSI)TGravel. TORA 16 5758′. TORA
1000 (145 PSI)/T. TODA 18 4134′. TODA 36
34 5905′. LDA 16 5758′. LDA 34 5758′. TODA
16 6102′. TODA 34 6102′. ASDA 16 5758′.
Customs. ASDA 34 5905′. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CAUTION: Prior permission required from airport operator.
Acft using rwy 18 for take-off may be unable to Parachute jumping in vicinityof aerodrome Sat-
see aircraft on crossing rwy. urday, Sunday and public holidays.
Requirement to broadcast intentions before
entering rwy 18.
Karara Kimba
1011′ YKAR +08:00 S29 13.0 E116 41.2 763′ YIMB +09:30 S33 06.0 E136 27.6
Apt Administration 08 9480 8700; Fax 08 9480 Apt Manager 08-8627-2026.
8799. ARO Mobile 0459-794-591 (after hours). 03/21 5184′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 03 5381′. TODA
Apt Manager 08-6298-2482; Mobile 21 5381′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
0488-108-435. 15/33 3648′ CLAY/SAND.
12/30 4593′ SLD. PCN 15 F/A/T. TODA 12
4790′. TODA 30 4790′. Kingscote
PPR contact apt Mgr. 24′ YKSC KGC +09:30* S35 42.8 E137 31.3
Animal hazara exists. Apt Administration 08 8553 4500; Fax 08 8553
Request utilise max runway width for aircraft 2885. ARO H24 0407 715 363. Apt Manager
turning, since pavement is subject to disturb- 0407 549 538, 08 8553 4532.
ance. 01/19 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
580 (84PSI)/T. TODA 19 4954′. RL. Pilot Con-
Karratha trolled Lighting.
32′ YPKA KTA +08:00 S20 42.7 E116 46.4 06/24 3720′ GRAVEL. TODA 06 3917′. TODA
Apt Administration 08 9186 8555, PH 24 3917′. RL.
9186-8563; Fax 9185-1626. ARO H24 08 9186 15/33 3819′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4275′. TODA
8508, 0409 274 416; Fax 08 9144 4972, 9144 33 4025′. RL.
4972. Apt Manager 0419-868-323. F-4, Jet A-1.
08/26 7480′ ASPHALT. PCN 53/F/B/1500/T.
TODA 08 7677′. TODA 26 7677′. RL. Pilot Con- Kununurra
trolled Lighting. 145′ YPKU KNX +08:00 S15 46.7 E128 42.4
Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration 08 9168 4100. ARO 0438
Dust hazard may exist in vicinity of apt. 980 673. Apt Manager 9168 2648: 0439 930
Helicopter traffic North of rwy. 373: AH 0404 817 584; Fax 9168-1904.
CAUTION: Bird and animal hazard exists. 12/30 5999′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/C/
1200 (173 PSI)/T. TORA 12 6001′. TORA 30
CTAF procedures apply to all aircraft including
6001′. LDA 12 6001′. LDA 30 6001′. TODA 12
Helicopter operations.
6198′. TODA 30 6198′. ASDA 12 6001′. ASDA
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 30 6001′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ABN. Cat 6 Mon-Fri 2205-2255, Sat 2205-0020 High concentration of birds in vicinity of airport
and 0935-1040, Sun 2205-0000. Cat 7 Mon-Fri from 1 hour before to 1 1/2 hour after sunrise
2255-1105, Sat 0020-0935, Sun 0000-1105. and from 1 hour before to 1/2 hour after sunset.
Katanning Concentrations move from roosting areas 1NM
south of airport to feeding areas N of airport
932′ YKNG +08:00 S33 42.0 E117 39.3
along Ord River catchment area.
F-4, Jet A-1.
13/31 2953′ UNPAVED. TODA 13 3150′. TODA Lake Evella
31 3248′. 256′ YLEV LEL +09:30 S12 29.9 E135 48.3
Apt Manager 08-89879104. 433 ft AMSL unlit mast 191deg 6.5 nm from air-
08/26 3494′ SLD. port.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport Light for Civil operations available on 45 min
prior notice through reporting agent.
Laverton (Granny Smith) Bird Hazard: Australian Bustards exist within
1457′ YGRS +08:00 S28 45.8 E122 26.3 the runway strip. Migratory birds around the
ARO 0439 439 030. Apt Manager 0409 427 aerodrome.
702; Fax 08 9031 3103. F-4, Jet A-1.
16/34 6234′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/B/
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 16 6430′. TODA 34 Leigh Creek
6430′. 856′ YLEC LGH +09:30* S30 35.9 E138
Jet A-1. 25.6
Laverton AWIS (PHONE) 08 8675 2048.
1530′ YLTN LVO +08:00 S28 36.8 E122 02/20 3999′ GRVL/SLD. TODA 02 4196′. TODA
25.4 20 4196′.
ARO 0408 929 970, 0409 963 118; H24 08 Rwy 02 Right-Hand Circuit.
9031 1034, 0427 448 512. Apt Operator 11/29 5610′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/
08-9031-1202; Fax 08-9031-1340; recep- 580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 11 5807′. TODA 29
tion@laverton.wa.gov.au. 5807′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
16/34 3015′ DIRT.
AFRU signal not available on ground Laverton,
Murrin Murrin, Sunrise Dam or Granny Smith.
AFU located at Leonora. 100 octane.
Aircraft to make 180 deg turns on Rwy at MAX ABN.
RAD, MNM speed. Leinster (Lawlers)
F-4, Jet A-1. 1598′ YLAW +08:00 S28 05.4 E120 32.4
Learmonth Apt of Entry Apt Operator 08-9088-3300.
19′ YPLM LEA +08:00 S22 14.1 E114 05.3 09/27 6562′ GRAVEL. PCN 22/F/A/
Apt Administration 08 9949 1326, 08 9949 1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 09 6758′. TODA 27
3000; Fax 08 9949 1840, 08 9949 3050. ARO 6758′.
0407 494 419. AWOS AWIS 08 9949 4364. Jet A-1.
18/36 9997′ ASPHALT. PCN 43/F/A/ Leinster
1750 (254PSI) /T. TODA 18 10997′. TODA 36
1631′ YLST LER +08:00 S27 50.6 E120
10997′. ASDA 18 10194′. ASDA 36 10292′.
42.2
HIRL. HIALS 18.
Customs.
3740. ARO 0439 904 215. AWOS AWIS 08
Animals in vicinity of airport. 9037 3059. Gen Aviation 08 9037 9186.
Ground Services On Call 0418 950572.
10/28 5905′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/A/ Apt Manager 08-9771-1366. Fax:

950 (138 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6102′. TODA 28 08-9771-1552.
6102′. RL. 12/30 4019′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/
Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit. 850(123 PSI)/U. TODA 12 4216′. TODA 30
Animal hazard exists. 4216′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Jet A-1. ABN.
Leonora Margaret River

1217′ YLEO LNO +08:00 S28 52.7 E121 374′ YMGT +08:00* S33 55.8 E115 06.0
18.9 Apt Administration 08 9780 5643; Fax 9757
Apt Administration 08 9037 6044; Fax 9037 2111.
6295. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9037-7993. 02/20 3619′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
04/22 6617′ BITUMEN. PCN 24/F/A/1000/T. Lighting.
TORA 04 6621′. TORA 22 6621′. LDA 04 6621′.
Meekatharra
LDA 22 6621′. TODA 04 6818′. TODA 22 6818′.
ASDA 04 6621′. ASDA 22 6621′. RL. Pilot Con- 1713′ YMEK MKR +08:00 S26 36.7 E118
trolled Lighting. 32.9
12/30 3740′ GRAVEL. Apt Administration BH 08 9981 1002. ARO
0417 968 115: 9981 1179.
F-4, Jet A-1.
09/27 7155′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/A/
Loxton 800 (116 PSI)/T. TORA 09 7156′. TORA 27
125′ YLOX +09:30 S34 28.5 E140 39.8 7156′. LDA 09 7156′. LDA 27 7156′. TODA 09
Apt Administration 08 8584 8000. Apt Manager 7352′. TODA 27 7352′. ASDA 09 7156′. ASDA
08-8584-7221. 27 7156′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
08/26 3891′ GRAVEL. 15/33 3494′ DIRT. TODA 15 3691′. TODA 33
3691′.
17/35 2802′ SAND/SILT.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Maningrida
Milingimbi
123′ YMGD MNG +09:30 S12 03.4 E134
14.0 53′ YMGB MGT +09:30 S12 05.7 E134 53.6
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-8979-5604. Apt Man- Apt Manager 08-89879905.
ager 08 8979 6600, AH 08 8979 5766, AH 08 11/29 4626′ ASPHALT. RL.
8979 5844; Fax 08 8979 5991. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
14/32 5020′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
Millicent
580 (84 PSI)/U. TODA 14 5217′. TODA 32
5217′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 56′ YMCT MLR +09:30 S37 35.0 E140 22.0
Bird hazard in season. Apt Manager 08-8733-2177.
F-4. 08/26 3937′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting.
Manjimup
Minjilang
940′ YMJM MJP +08:00* S34 15.9 E116
08.4 82′ YMIJ +08:00 S11 09.5 E132 32.8
Apt Manager 089-790299. 11/29 3025′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/

06/24 3543′ GRAVEL. 580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3232′. TODA 29
3222′.
Minnipa 18/36 5000′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/
509′ YMPA MIN +09:30 S32 50.6 E135 08.7 1000 (145 PSI). TODA 18 5203′. TODA 36
Apt Manager 08-8680-2002. 5210′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
17/35 4475′ UNKNOWN. Bird hazard exists.
Moomba
F-4, Jet A-1.
143′ YOOM MOO +09:30* S28 06.0 E140
11.9 ABN.
Apt Operator (AWIS) 08 8224 7475. Mount Magnet
12/30 5637′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/B/1354′ YMOG MMG +08:00 S28 07.0 E117
1035 (150PSI)/T. TORA 12 5636′. TORA 30 50.5
5636′. LDA 12 5636′. LDA 30 5636′. TODA 12 Apt Administration 08 9963 3000; H24 AH 0427
5833′. TODA 30 5833′. ASDA 12 5636′. ASDA 634 241; Fax 08 9963 4133; works@mtmag-
30 5636′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. net.wa.gov.au.
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. 04/22 2953′ DIRT. TODA 04 3150′. TODA 22
Prior permission required. 3150′.
Birds in vicinity of airport. 16/34 5906′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
F-4, Jet A-1. 850 (123 PSI)/U. TODA 16 6102′. TODA 34
Morawa
886′ YMRW MWB +08:00 S29 12.1 E116
Jet A-1.
01.3
Apt Manager 08-9971-1004. Fax Murray Field
08-9971-1284. 56′ YMUL +08:00 S32 30.6 E115 50.0
09/27 3199′ SAND/GRVL. Apt Administration 08 9417 0000; info@roya-
AUW-13/0.6000 MPa. TODA 09 3297′. TODA laeroclubwa.com.au.
27 3297′. 05/23 3802′ SLD. TODA 05 3999′. TODA 23
15/33 4429′ PAVED. PCN 9/F/A/ 3999′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
805(117PSI)/U. TODA 15 4626′. TODA 33 Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit.
4626′. RL.
Mount Gambier 27 3061′.
212′ YMTG MGB +09:30* S37 44.7 E140 Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
47.1 This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
Apt Administration 08 8721 0444. Apt Operator CAUTION: Low Level Aerobatics Over Aero-
8725 1112; Fax 8723 2771. drome within D104C.
06/24 2776′ ASPHALT. PCN 6/F/A/ F-4.
580 (84 PSI)/T. TODA 06 3274′. TODA 24
Murrin Murrin c. For inquiries regarding security screening

1535′ YMMI +08:00 S28 42.3 E121 53.4 requirements - contact Manager Airport Serv-
Apt Administration 08 9212 8400; Fax 08 9212 ices, PH 0417 952 693.
8401. ARO 9088 5322; 9088 5348; Fax 9037 F-4, Jet A-1.
5064; 9037 5068.
Ngukurr
03/21 6562′ PAVED. PCN 22/F/A/
45′ YNGU RPM +09:30 S14 43.4 E134 44.9
1100 (160PSI)/T. RL.
Jet A-1.
4658.
Naracoorte 11/29 5020′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 11 5216′. TODA
169′ YNRC NAC +09:30 S36 59.1 E140 29 5216′. RL.
43.5 Animal hazard on movement area (dingoes,
Apt Manager 08-8762-2122. dogs and cattle).
02/20 3668′ CLAY/SAND. TODA 20 3865′. Nifty
08/26 3438′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 08 3678′. TODA 968′ YCNF +10:00* S21 40.4 E121 35.7
Apt Administration (08) 9366 8800;
F-4. jared.young@aditybirla.com.au. Apt Manager
Newman ARO (07) 9179-0943; Fax ARO (07)
9176-5033.
1724′ YNWN ZNE +08:00 S23 25.1 E119
48.2 12/30 6886′ BITUMEN. PCN 23/F/A/
850(123PSI)/T. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
2668. ARO 08 9177 8964; Fax 08 9177 8965. ATND SKD Prior permission from airport opera-
Apt Manager 08 9177 8964; Mobile 0417 952 tor.
693 H24; Fax 08 9177 8965. CAUTION: Unmarked/unlit Twr 1188 feet, 017
05/23 6798′ PAVED. PCN 46/F/B/ degrees/ 0.4 nautical miles from airport.
1500 (218 PSI)/T. TODA 05 6995′. TODA 23 Norseman
863′ YNSM NSM +08:00 S32 12.6 E121
Blasting takes place 4.8NM N of Newman air- 45.3
port, surface-2300 ft AGL. Pilots should avoid
Apt Manager 08-9039-1205; Fax
flying over this site when blasting occurs. Activ-
08-9039-1359; ceo@dundas.wa.gov.au.
ity will be notified by NOTAM.
01/19 4961′ UNKNOWN.
Bird hazard exists.
PCN 5700/800(116PSI). TODA 01 5157′.
Animals may be on airport. TODA 19 5157′.
Security requirements: 04/22 3412′ UNKNOWN.
a. ASIC to be worn and clearly displayed on PCN 5700/800(116PSI). TODA 04 3609′.
SRA. TODA 22 3609′.
b. Irrespective of size ofacft, security screening Rwy 19 and 22 right hand circuits at night.
is required for all passengers transitting the
apron within the operational period of report - Numbulwar
90 mins prior to arrival and 30 mins after depar- 31′ YNUM NUB +09:30 S14 16.3 E135 43.0
ture. Apt Manager 08-89754675.
15/33 4331′ GRAVEL. TODA 15 4528′. TODA Paraburdoo

33 4528′. 1406′ YPBO PBO +08:00 S23 10.3 E117
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport 44.7
Apt Administration neil.paraburdoo@harvey-
Oenpelli
world.com.au. ARO 0409 364557. Apt Manager
30′ YOEN OPI +08:00 S12 19.5 E133 00.3 08 9189 6044, 0417 464038; Fax 9189 5525.
Apt Administration 08-8979-0170; Fax 06/24 6995′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
08-8979-0177. ARO Mobile 0488-045-471. 1100 (160PSI)/T. TODA 06 7192′. TODA 24
12/30 4331′ SLD. 7192′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit.
Olympic Dam 250 ft lit tower 2313 ft, 225 deg /6 nm from air-
port.
343′ YOLD OLP +09:30 S30 29.1 E136 52.6
Blasting at mine site 240 deg/8 nm, 24 hour.
ARO 0477-307-824. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08
8671 1682. Apt Manager PH 08-8671-8888, AH Pilot activated lighting range restricted in some
08-8671-8262; Fax 08-8671-1181. sectors at LSALT.
06/24 5220′ GRVL/SLD. RL. Pilot Controlled This AD is a Security Controlled Airport
Lighting. F-4, Jet A-1.
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. Pearce Apt of Entry
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 149′ YPEA Mil. +08:00 S31 40.1 E116 00.9
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Administration 08 9571 7114. 08 9476
Onslow 8622. ATC 08 9476 8622.
23′ YOLW ONS +08:00 S21 40.1 E115 06.8 05/23 5548′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 05 5745′. TODA 23
Apt Administration 08-9184-6001; Mobile 0487
5745′. ASDA 05 6040′. MIRL.
654 272 (After Hours); Fax 08-9184-6107.
AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08-9184-6487. Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit.
03/21 5249′ ASPHALT. PCN 21/F/A/ 18L/36R 8002′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/C/
1035(150PSI)/T. TODA 03 5446′. TODA 21 1750 (254 PSI)/T. TODA 18L 8199′. TODA 36R
5446′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 8573′. ASDA 18L 8199′. ASDA 36R 8199′.
MIRL.
Birds and animals in vicinity of apt.
Rwy 18L Right-Hand Circuit.
All acft to make turns at rwy ends only. Maxi-
mum radius at minimum speed. Bi-directional A-GEAR 1312 ft AER.
Bi-directional A-GEAR 1509 ft AER.
Oodnadatta 18R/36L 5712′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/
386′ YOOD ODD +09:30* S27 33.6 E135 1000 (145 PSI)/U. TODA 18R 5909′. TODA 36L
26.7 5909′. ASDA 18R 5909′. ASDA 36L 5909′.
H24 AWIS 08-8670-6129. Apt Manager Rwy 18R Right-Hand Circuit.
08-8670-7805. ATND SKD Mon-Thur 0000-1600, Fri
04/22 3058′ UNKNOWN. 0000-0700. Customs.
13/31 4219′ UNKNOWN. RL. Pilot Controlled Animal hazard exists.
Lighting.
Within 10NM RAD Pearce excluding PH CTR & issue expect tracking via Perth TFC Manage-
CTA steps SFC - Base of CTA. ment RTE. Tracking isdependent on r
MBZ area may be activated as a temp Restric- Fire 5.
ted Area on 30 min PN. TWR active.
Perth (Jandakot)
Check status of airspace prior to entry on ATIS
316.1, NDB 340 or PH Centre 135.25 MHz. 99′ YPJT JAD +08:00 S32 05.8 E115 52.9
MBZ procedures apply when Pearce ATS not Apt Administration 08 9417 0900; Fax 08 9417
manned. MBZ procedures on Pearce 3777. ARO 08 9485 7555. ATS 08 9476 8512
TWRFreq. 118.3. Area may be reactivated as a or for urgent operational matters: 08 9476
'temporary' Restricted Area with 30 min PN. 8833.
Pearce TWR services avbl on activation. Check 06L/24R 4567′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/1000/T.
ATIS 316.1, PE NDB 340 or ATC for status of LDA 06L 4180′. LDA 24R 4088′. TODA 06L
airspace prior to entry. 4764′. TODA 24R 4764′. RL. Pilot Controlled
RFF MNT Pearce TWR Freq. 118.3 drg MBZ Lighting.
HR. Aircrew OPR FM Pearce AH are to notify Rwy 24R Right-Hand Circuit.
Fire Section on phone 08 9571 7119and ADZ 06R/24L 3773′ ASPHALT.
AMD ETD/ETA. Airborne acft must CTC 'Base Rwy 06R Right-Hand Circuit.
Fire' on TWR Freq. 118.3 to ADZ AMD ETA 20 12/30 3248′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/A/1000/T.
min before arrival. TODA 12 3448′. TODA 30 3448′. RL. Pilot Con-
RWY sweeper & J-BAR crew may be OPR on trolled Lighting.
AD. Kangaroo hazard exists.
If TWR is unmanned, CTC RFF callsign 'Base Birds in vicinity of airport.
Fire', 20 min bfr ETD/ETA on TWR Freq. 118.3
Rwy06R/24L not avbl at night.
or phone 08 9571 7119 for activation of AD lgt.
Aerodrome not available to aircraft above
AWIS avbl phone 08 95717453.
5700KG MTOW without prior permission from
Operators are advised that line of sight COM Aerodrome operator.
shielding may occur btn acft and/or vehicles
Prior permission required from Aerodrome
operating in the vicinity of THR RWY 36R and
operator for aircrafts with over 15M wingspan
THR RWY 18L due terrain.
that require parking.
PEARCE PARALLEL RWY POLICY: Parallel
F-4, Jet A-1.
lane ops are permitted while anyacft is lined up
on the adj rwy; Parallel lane ops are to cease ABN.
during the tkofof all non-local caft fm the adj Perth (Perth Intl) Apt of Entry
rwy; Parallel lane ops are to cease for the ldg of
67′ YPPH PER +08:00 S31 56.4 E115 58.0
all non-local acft, but canrecommence once the
non-local acft has landed and initiated deceler- Apt Administration 08 9478 8888, AH 9478
ation on the adj rwy; Parallel lane ops are to be 8501; Fax 08 9478 8428. ARO 08 9478 8424:
restr to VMC when non-local acft are opr o n 0419 195 790.
the adj rwy; Normal wake trub standards are 03/21 11299′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/A/
toappy in the application of these proc. All visit- 1500 (218 PSI)/U. TODA 03 12106′. TODA 21
ing acft are to pln via Perth for ARR and DEP. 11955′. MIRL. HIALS 21.
ARR - Expect Perth STAR with vectors for
Pearce within 10DME Perth. DEP - on CLR
06/24 7096′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/A/ Plutonic

1500 (218 PSI)/U. TODA 06 7297′. TODA 24 1896′ YPLU +08:00 S25 18.8 E119 25.4
7297′. HIRL. HIALS 24. 9981 0122. Apt Operator 08 9981 0700 (BH);
Customs. H24 9981 0136; Fax 9981 0101.
Aircraft with a wingspan between 118.1' (36m) 07/25 6795′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/A/
to 213.3' (65m) on twy A and twy Juliet-1 must 87PSI (600)/U. TODA 07 6991′. TODA 25
not pass behind aircraft with 170.6' (52m) to 6991′. RL. Rwy 07 Land prior permission only.
213.3' (65m) wingspan on twy Juliet-2 due to Rwy 25 Land prior permission only.
insufficient wingtip clearance. Jet A1 private installation. Contact AD Man-
Apron edge taxilane between twy D and twy J1 ager.
available to acft code E and below.
Twys H and F available to F28 aircraft, all air- Port Augusta
craft with 79 ft (24 m) maximum wingspan and 56′ YPAG PUG +09:30* S32 30.4 E137 43.0
below, and to non-turbojet aircraft with 118 ft ARO 08 8642 3555.
(36 m) maximum wingspan and below only. 15/33 5413′ ASPH/GRVL. PCN 21/F/A/T.
Between twy C and threshold rwy 24 not availa- TODA 15 5610′. TODA 33 5610′. RL. Pilot Con-
ble as twy for acft above BA 46. trolled Lighting.
Exit Rwy 21 via Twy P only for aircraft with 118' Animals in vicinity of airport.
maximum wingspan and below.GA taxilane not This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
avbl to acft above 41,888 lbs (19000 kg) or
Carnet card swipe bowsers; AVGAS andJET
wingspan greater than 79 ft (24m) unless
A1.
approved by AD operator.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Left turn to or right turn from RWY 06 threshold
via TWY A available to Code C aircraft and Port Hedland (Port Hedland Intl) Apt of
below, wingspans less than or equal to 118 ft Entry
(36m) except B727. 33′ YPPD PHE +08:00 S20 22.7 E118 37.6
Aircraft holding on Twy D between rwy 03/21 Apt Administration 08 9140 1288; Mobile 0417
and Twy A restricted to A330 and below. 108856; Fax 9172 2074. ARO Mobile 0439 922
Entry to Domestic apron taxilane via TWY D 070, 0417 108 850.
and TWY B restricted to aircraft code E and 14/32 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 39/F/A/
below. 1200 (174 PSI)/T. TODA 14 8399′. TODA 32
Customs services are not available daily 8399′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
between 0300 and 0430 hours (Local). 18/36 3281′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 550 (80 PSI)/U. TODA 18 3478′. TODA 36
TFC Holding fuel advisory 10 min MON 3478′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
0130-0230 TUE WED THU 0130-0230 and Customs.
0915-1115 FRI 0915-1015. Flights direct to CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of apt.
YPPH with flight times in excess of 8 hours are
ABN NOT AVBL with PAL.
exempt fm these holding fuel requirements.
Unlit mast bearing 222° magnetic, 2.6 NM from
ARP, 224' above AD elevation
ABN. Fire 9.
Pilots are requested tominimise ground running 08/26 3422′ GRVL/SLD. UNRATED. TODA 08
of turbo-prop aircraft in the vicinity of parking 3619′. TODA 26 3697′. RL. Pilot Controlled
bays 1um speed. Turning nodes on runway end Lighting.
for all turns.-4 to reduce noise levels in Termi- Central 59 ft of rwy is sealed.
nal. 17/35 3507′ GRAVEL. Unrated. TODA 17
All turns to be maximum radius and minim 3704′. TODA 35 3944′. ASDA 35 3747′.
Fuel available weekdays, except publlic holi- F-4, Jet A-1.
days 2300-1000, after hrs 1 hr prior notice. ABN.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Prominent Hill
740′ YPMH +09:30 S29 43.1 E135 31.5
Port Keats Apt Administration 08 8672 8500: 0427 594
91′ YPKT PKT +08:00 S14 15.0 E129 31.8 817. ARO H24 08 8672 8500: 0427 594 817.
Apt Operator 08-8978 2355; Prior Notice Apt Manager 08 8672 8835: 0459 231 585.
0407-971-652,0447-730-445,0427-604-379; 18/36 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 26/F/B/
Fax 08-8979-2357. 980 (142PSI)/T. TODA 18 7874′. TODA 36
16/34 4626′ SLD. TODA 16 4823′. TODA 34 7874′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
4823′. RL. Restricted operations: PPR from Airport Man-
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. ager.
Aircraft to avoid overflying the mine and plant
Port Lincoln
areas E of AD due obstacles and blasting.
36′ YPLC PLO +09:30* S34 36.3 E135 52.8
Wildlife Hazard. Numerous kangaroos
Apt Administration 08 8676 2106. Apt Operator observed. Wildlife control vehicle, call sign
8684 3501. Ground Services H24 0428 837 'Prominent Hill Ground' monitors CTAF.
010.
Aircraft required to perform MAX radius turns.
01/19 4918′ ASPHALT. PCN 23/F/C/
880 (130 PSI)/T. TODA 01 5115′. TODA 19
05/23 4183′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4380′. TODA
23 4380′.
15/33 4757′ SAND. TODA 15 4954′. TODA 33 Ramingining
4954′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 206′ YRNG RAM +09:30 S12 21.4 E134
Bird hazard exists. 53.8
F-4, Jet A-1. Apt Manager 08-8979-7906.
09/27 4528′ GRAVEL.
Port Pirie
39′ YPIR PPI +09:30 S33 14.3 E137 59.7
Apt Manager 08-8633-2123. Ravensthorpe
03/21 2205′ TURF. Unrated. TODA 03 2402′. 197′ YNRV RVT +08:00* S33 47.8 E120
TODA 21 2402′. 12.5
1282. ARO 0427 264 377 or 0418 224 839.
06/24 5512′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 21/F/B/ Rwy 01/19 Right-Hand Circuit.

1170 (170PSI)/T. TODA 06 6004′. TODA 24 Restricted OPS: PPR
5709′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
14/32 3937′ GRAVEL. PCN 6/F/B/ Snake Bay
790 (115PSI)/T. TODA 14 4134′. TODA 32 173′ YSNB SNB +09:30 S11 25.1 E130 38.9
4134′. ARO 08 8978 3820, AH 08 8970 9131, 8978
Rwy 06/24 148' wide turning nodes at each 3832; Mobile 0429 601 810.
end. Aircraft above 12566 lbs must use turning 13/31 4734′ ASPHALT. TODA 13 4931′. TODA
nodes for 180° turns. 31 4931′. RL.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Renmark Solomon
115′ YREN RMK +09:30* S34 11.8 E140 2008′ YSOL +08:00 S22 15.4 E117 51.0
40.4 Apt Administration solomonair-
Apt Administration 08 8586 6609, AH 0419 port@fmgl.com.au. ARO 0498 498 076. Apt
334889; Fax 8586 6542. Manager 0498 498 117, 08 6218 8888.
07/25 5709′ ASPH/GRVL. TODA 07 5906′. 09/27 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 25/F/A/
TODA 25 5906′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 1000(145PSI)/U. TODA 09 6758′. TODA 27
12/30 3596′ GRAVEL. 6758′.
18/36 3360′ GRAVEL. TODA 18 3556′. TODA Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
36 3556′. PPR 24 hr prior notice required from AD Man-
Gliding operations sunrise to sunset. Gliders ager for all unscheduled aircraft OPS.
and tugs fly right hand circuts when using Due to terrain no circling to the North.
rwy25.
South Goulburn I
CAUTION: Kangaroos in vicinity of airport.
63′ YGBI +08:00 S11 39.0 E133 22.9
F-4.
Apt Manager 08-89790211; Fax 08-89790224.
Shay Gap 10/28 4593′ ASPH/BITU. TODA 10 4790′.
565′ YSHG +08:00 S20 25.5 E120 08.4 TODA 28 4790′.
Apt Operator 08 9176 5292; Fax 9176 5916. Animals (dogs) on & in vicinity of apt.
10/28 6270′ GRAVEL. PCN 27/F/B/
Southern Cross
980(142PSI)/T. TODA 10 6467′. TODA 28
6467′. Rwy 10 Land prior permission only. Rwy 1163′ YSCR SQC +08:00 S31 14.4 E119
28 Land prior permission only. 21.6
Aircrafts above 12566 lbs (5700 kg) must use AWOS (AWIS) 08 9094 1025. Apt Manager
turning nodes for 180 degree turns. 08-9049-1001, 08-9049-1461; Fax
08-9049-1429.
Sinclair 09/27 4347′ UNKNOWN. PCN 9/F/A/
1435′ YSNC +08:00* S28 20.3 E120 51.2 805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 09 4544′. TODA 27
Apt Administration 9055 7000. 4544′.
01/19 5906′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/522 (78PSI)/U.
TODA 01 6102′. TODA 19 6102′.
14/32 4610′ UNKNOWN. PCN 9/F/A/ CAUTION: High velocity plume rise at Telfer
805 (117PSI)/U. TODA 14 4806′. TODA 32 Mine power station located 2.95 nm, bearing
4806′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 214 magnetic from aerodrome.
AVGAS (drums) available. Bird hazard exists at dusk and dawn.
F-4. Twy B not available HN.
Twy B not available to aircraft above 12566lbs.
Streaky Bay
(5700kg) maximum take off weight.
69′ YKBY KBY +09:30* S32 50.1 E134 17.6
Jet A-1.
Apt Manager 08 8626 1001, AH 0428 318 887.
05/23 2559′ GRAVEL. Tennant Creek
13/31 4429′ ASPH/SLD. TODA 13 4629′. TODA 1236′ YTNK TCA +09:30 S19 38.1 E134
31 4629′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 11.0
Apt Administration 08 8962 2894, AH 0402
Sunrise Dam 088160 or Alice Springs - 08 8951 1211, AH
1350′ YSRD +08:00 S29 05.9 E122 27.3 0402 088151. Apt Manager 08 8951 1211, AH
Apt Operator 08 9080 3765 (BH); Fax 9080 0402 088151.
3687. 07/25 6427′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
06/24 6398′ GRAVEL. PCN 9/F/A/ 700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 07 6624′. TODA 25
600 (87PSI)/ Gravel. RL. Rwy 06 Land prior 6624′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
permission only. Rwy 24 Land prior permission 11/29 3458′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/
only. 700 (102 PSI)/T. TODA 11 3655′. TODA 29
Telfer
Bird & animal hazard exists.
970′ YTEF TEF +08:00 S21 42.9 E122 13.7
During heavy rain, standing water may be
ARO 098-9158-6896, 0409-156-984. AWOS
encountered at the RWY intersection.
(AWIS) 08 9179 8437. Apt Manager
0409-549-615. Apt Operator 0409-156-984, PPR for all regular public transport aircraft
08-9158-6896. above 12,566 lbs (5700kg) MTOWto remain at
or transit Tennant Creek except when planned
12/30 6562′ PAVED. PCN 22/F/A/
as alternate. Obtainable from Apt Manager on
1150(165 PSI)/T. TODA 12 6758′. TODA 30
24 hrs PN.
Airport oprerator does not provide aircraft mar-
shalling. All requests to Airline or fixed base
CAUTION: Mine tailings and masts protrude operators.
through obstacle limitations surface south side
of rwy.
F-4.
Restricted Operations 24hr PPR from AD
Reporting Officer. Departure and Arrival not Tindal (Tindal (Military))
available during mine blasting. 443′ YPTN KTR +09:30 S14 31.3 E132 22.7
CAUTION: Check with UNICOM for blasting Apt Manager H24 08 8973 6888.
times.
14/32 9002′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 60/F/C/
1750 (254 PSI)/T. TORA 14 9003′. TORA 32
9003′. LDA 14 9003′. LDA 32 9003′. TODA 14
9478′. TODA 32 9806′. ASDA 14 9199′. ASDA ATND SKD PPR.

32 9199′. HIRL. HIALS 14. Animal hazard (dingoes) on movement area.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. AVGAS, Jet A Limited supply PPR. 08 9161
Bi-dir A-Gear 1266 ft AER. 4395.
Bi-dir A-Gear 1515 ft AER. Jet A-1.
Tumby Bay
CTC Rescue and Fire Fighting services 08
8973 6714 or Brisbane Centre. LZGT will be 32′ YTBB +09:30* S34 21.7 E136 05.7
activated 30 min prior to notified ETA, 15 min Apt Manager 08 8688 2101; Fax 08 8688 2639.
prior to notified ETD and left on for a period of 15/33 3599′ SLD. TODA 15 3796′. TODA 33
45 min. Illuminated wind indicator will flash for 3796′.
the last 10 min. Rwy 15/33 lighting EMERG only by arrange-
ATND SKD Mon-Thur 2230-0730, Fri ment.
2230-0530. Customs: PNR.
Victoria River Downs
24 hrs PNR for parking of all aircraft above
5700 kg (12,566 lbs) - phone 0418853395. 291′ YVRD VCD +09:30 S16 24.2 E131 00.2
Animal and bird hazard exists. Phone (08) 8975 0766.
Aerodrome Lighting available outside tower 09/27 3589′ GRAVEL. RL.
hours, fixed lighting settings outside tower This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
hours. For Aerodrome Lightingoutside tower F-4, Jet A-1.
hours, contact base fire on 119.7 at 30NM
Tindal or on tax. Ambient light detector deter- Waikerie
mines day/evening/night modes. Setting for 138′ YWKI +09:30 S34 11.0 E140 01.8
day/evening/night modes are changed with ref Apt Administration 08 8541 0700. ARO 0417
to long term seasonal conditions. 032 691, 0417 866 652.
RFF CAT 6 may be available after hours with 02/20 2730′ GRAVEL.
48 hours PNR. OT CAT 4 (Subj domestic 08/26 3149′ ASPHALT. RL. Pilot Controlled
OPS). Foam paths are not available. Lighting.
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. F-4.
Acft with MTOW of 55,116 lbs (25,000KG) or
more require 180 degree turns on rwy, must Warburton
execute at threshold ends of rwy. 1510′ YWBR +08:00 S26 07.7 E126 35.0
F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen. Apt Administration 08 8956 7642, 08 8956
ABN. Fire 6. 7700.
18/36 5217′ SLD. PCN 10/F/A/
Truscott-Mungalalu 1000 (145PSI)/U. TORA 18 5216′. TORA 36
181′ YTST +08:00 S14 05.4 E126 22.8 5216′. LDA 18 5216′. LDA 36 5216′. TODA 18
Apt Administration 08 9161 4395; Fax 08 9161 5413′. TODA 36 5413′. ASDA 18 5216′. ASDA
4396; aaatst@bigpond.com. 36 5216′. RL. PORT-RL. Pilot Controlled Light-
12/30 5905′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/A/U. TODA 12 ing.
Lighting.
Wave Hill William Creek

658′ YWAV WAV +08:00 S17 23.7 E131 300′ YWMC +09:30* S28 54.4 E136 20.5
07.1 ARO 08 8670 7962. Apt Manager wright-
Phone (08) 8975 0787. sair@bigpond.com.
14/32 3806′ UNKNOWN. 11/29 3937′ SLD.
Prior permission required.
West Angelas
Birds in vicinity.
2346′ YANG +08:00 S23 08.1 E118 42.4
F-4, Jet A-1.
H24 04-0977-9025. Apt Operator
08-9144-8525. Wiluna
04/22 6037′ GRAVEL. PCN 29/F/A/ 1649′ YWLU WUN +08:00 S26 37.7 E120
1200 (174PSI)/T. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 13.2
Jet A-1. Apt Administration 08 9981 7010, 08 9981
8000.
West Perth (Lake Johnston)
03/21 3999′ DIRT. UNRATED. TODA 03 4196′.
1047′ YLJN +08:00 S32 19.1 E120 33.3
TODA 21 4196′.
ARO 9423 3500; Fax 9423 3512. Apt Manager
15/33 5942′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 15/F/A/
9423 3503. Apt Operator 08-9426-0100.
700 (102 PSI)/U. TODA 15 6138′. TODA 33
05/23 4593′ GRAVEL. PCN 8/F/A/ 6138′. RL.
850 (123PSI)/U. TODA 05 4790′. TODA 23
4790′.
All aircraft must use the yellow lead in lines
Whyalla when entering or exiting the taxiway.
41′ YWHA WYA +09:30* S33 03.5 E137
Windarling
30.9
1502′ YWDG +08:00 S30 01.9 E119 23.4
Apt Administration BH 08 8640 3444. ARO
8640 3444, AH 8649 4031, 8645 5804, 8645 Apt Administration 08 9049 4000; Fax 08 9049
0213, 8645 3378; Mobile 0417 842459. 3049. ARO H24 08-9049-4142; 08-9049-4127;
Mobile 0439 748 823; Fax 08 9049 4134, 08
05/23 4619′ GRAVEL. TODA 05 4816′. TODA
9049 3049.
23 4816′.
10/28 6070′ ASPH/BITU. PCN 8/F/A/
17/35 5531′ ASPHALT. PCN 8/F/A/
522 (76 PSI)/T. TODA 10 6266′. TODA 28
1100 (160 PSI)/T. TODA 17 5732′. TODA 35
6266′.
ATND SKD PPR from AD Opr.
All aircraft except regular public transport air-
craft must park in the light aircraft area to south Restricted Operation: PPR.
of regular public transport apron. Woodie Woodie
CAUTION: Animals and bird hazard exists. 887′ YWWI +08:00 S21 38.7 E121 11.5
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. Apt Administration 08-6314-3801; Fax 08 9483
This AD is a Security Controlled Airport. 9156. ARO (AH) 08-6314-3868, 08 6314 3859;
F-4, Jet A-1. Fax 08-6314-3824.
14/32 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 31/F/A/ 12/30 5272′ SLD. PCN 8/F/A/U. TODA 12
1000(145PSI)/T. TODA 14 6758′. TODA 32 5469′. TODA 30 5469′. RL. Pilot Controlled
6758′. Lighting.
Restricted Operations: Prior Permission Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit.
Required from Airport Manager. Airport not available sunset to sunrise due to
All aircraft above 5700KG MTOW must use terrain, except for emergency aircraft. Contact
turning nodes for 180 degree turns at maximum 0417-980-673.
radius, minimum speed. This AD is a Security Controlled Airport.
Limited fuel supply - contact ARO. Hang glider ops 4nm NW of Wyndham.
Jet A-1.
Woomera
549′ YPWR UMR Mil. +09:30* S31
08.6 E136 49.0
ARO 08 8674 3237. AWOS H24 (AWIS) 08
8673 7106. Apt Manager Fax 08 8674 3217.
Apt Operator H24 08 8674 3370.
5492′. TODA 30 6279′. PORT-RL.
18/36 7782′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/B/
1750 (254 PSI)/U. TODA 18 7979′. TODA 36
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
Wudinna
310′ YWUD WUD +09:30* S33 02.6 E135
26.8
Phone (08) 8680 2002.
07/25 3081′ GRAVEL.
Wyndham
14′ YWYM WYN +10:00 S15 30.7 E128 09.2
ARO AH 0427 440 023. Apt Manager 08 9168
2648; Mobile 0400 990 204; brian.sar-
geant@swek.wa.gov.au. Apt Operator AH
08-9161-1032; Fax 08-9161-1172.
Airport Directory
Airport Data - Pacific

AIRPORT DATA - PACIFIC 1703
BRUNEI
Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Intl) Apt of

Entry
73′ WBSB BWN +08:00 N04 56.7 E114 55.7
Apt Administration 673-2-330142/3 & 332337;
Fax 673-2-331706/331157.
03/21 12001′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/C/W/T.
TODA 03 13100′. TODA 21 12999′.
HIRL. HIALS.
ATND SKD 2300-1600 O/T PPR. Customs:
2300-1600 O/T- PPR.
Pilots are advised to exercise caution during
approach to Rwy 03 and departure from Rwy
21 due to turbulence and the formation of low
stratus type of cloud caused by a turbine-power
plant situated 1.2 NM on Rwy 03 final
approach.
Birds invicinity of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 9.
FIJI IS
Cicia 02/20 10499′ BITUMEN. PCN 80/F/C/X/T.

13′ NFCI +12:00* S17 45.0 W179 20.0 TODA 02 10974′. TODA 20 11286′. ASDA 20
Apt Manager (679) 347-8344; Fax (679) 10784′. HIRL. HIALS 02.
347-9900. 09/27 6998′ BITUMEN. PCN 65/F/C/X/T. TODA
17/35 3018′ GRAS/GRVL. ASDA 17 3268′. 27 7228′. ASDA 27 7096′. RL. ALS 09.
ASDA 35 3268′. Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
Aerodrome available during daylight hours only.
Unmanned aerodrome. Prior permission is toBirds in vicinity of airport.
be obtained from Airprort Manager, Nausori.
Operation by non-radio equipped aircraft not
P.O. Box 30, Nausori., permitted.
Night landing not permitted on Rwys 20 & 27.
Kadavu, Fiji Is (Namalata)
Night take-offs not permited on Rwy 09.
6′ NFKD +12:00* S19 03.0 E178 10.0
Apt Manager (679) 347 8344; Fax (679) 347
9900. ABN. Fire 9.
16/34 3005′ ASPHALT. Nausori (Nausori Intl) Apt of Entry
ATND SKD Unattended. 17′ NFNA SUV +12:00* S18 02.7 E178 33.8
Unmanned Aerodrome. Prior permission is to Apt Administration 679 3478 344; Fax 679 3479
be obtained from Airport Manager, Nausori. 900.
Labasa 10/28 6129′ BITUMEN. PCN 51 F/C/X/T. LDA
10 5735′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
42′ NFNL LBS +12:00* S16 28.1 E179 20.4
1700-0900. Customs.
9900. Ops by non-radio equipped aircraft not permit-
ted.
13/31 3511′ BITUMEN. PCN 15/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
13 3708′. ASDA 31 3708′. Caution: High intensity floodlight at Ratu Cako-
bau park (2000 ft from threshold rwy 10) may
Fire 4.
be distracting.
Matei F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
70′ NFNM +12:00* S16 41.3 W179 52.4 ABN. Fire 7.
Rotuma
9900.
25′ NFNR RTA +12:00* S12 29.0 E177 04.3
11/29 3281′ UNKNOWN. PCN 8/F/C/Y/T.
ASDA 11 3511′. Apt Administration 679 347 8344; Fax 679 347
9900.
No circling South of RWY 11/29.
07/25 4806′ UNPAVED. ASDA 25 4904′.
Fire 3.
Surface Type (RW07 /25 ): Compacted scoria
Nadi (Nadi Intl) Apt of Entry (volcanic rock).
59′ NFFN NAN +12:00* S17 45.4 E177 26.6 Fire 3.
161.
FRENCH PACIFIC
French Pacific Overseas Terr. Fire and rescue service requires prior permis-
sion and 48 hours prior notice outside pub-
Anaa I (Anaa) lished hours of operation. Reservation required
21′ NTGA AAA -10:00 S17 21.3 W145 30.5 outside commercial scheduled flights.
Apt Manager 86 10 70. Fire 3.
14/32 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 13 F/A/Y/T. TORA
14 4774′. LDA 14 4774′. LDA 32 4774′. TODA Hiva Oa I (Atuona)
14 6234′. ASDA 14 4774′. 1521′ NTMN HIX -10:00 S09 46.1 W139
Day use only. 00.7
Bora Bora I (Motu Mute) 02/20 5249′ BITU/CONC. PCN 11/F/B/Y/U.
11′ NTTB BOB -10:00 S16 26.6 W151 45.1 TORA 20 4724′. LDA 02 4724′. LDA 20 4724′.
Apt Manager 689-86-60-60. TODA 02 6562′. TODA 20 6037′. ASDA 20
11/29 4938′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/W/T. 4724′.
TODA 11 5922′. TODA 29 6250′. RL. ATND SKD PPR thru Tahiti.
ATND SKD SCHED. FLIGHTS. Cliffs on both sides of runway. Turbulence.
ABN. Fire 5. High terrain surrounding airport. Homing flash-
ing lights located close to Atuona village.
Fangatau I. (Fangatau) F-4.
9′ NTGB FGU -10:00 S15 49.2 W140 53.1 Fire 2.
07/25 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 9/F/A/W/T. LDA Huahine I (Fare)
07 3445′. LDA 25 3445′. 14′ NTTH HUH -10:00 S16 41.3 W151 01.7
Fire 1. Apt Manager 50-32-32.
07/25 4954′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/W/U. RL.
Hao I (Hao) Pilot Controlled Lighting.
10′ NTTO HOI Mil. -10:00 S18 03.8 W140 Wildlife in the vicinity of airport.
57.4
Heavy turbulence or windshear in final bywind
Apt Manager 86 10 70. from the relief.
12/30 10942′ PAVED. PCN 47/F/B/W/U. RL. JP-1.
F-5. Fire 5.
Fire 4.
Manihi
Hikueru 22′ NTGI XMH -10:00 S14 26.2 W146 04.3
5′ NTGH -10:00 S17 32.7 W142 36.9 Apt Manager 86 10 70.
Apt Manager 86 10 70. 04/22 4281′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/B/Y/T. TODA
10/28 3740′ BITUMEN. PCN 39/F/A/X/T. TODA 04 5102′. TODA 22 5102′.
10 4659′. ASDA 10 3937′. ASDA 28 4265′. ATND SKD Scheduled ops & O/R.
AD non controlled. Day use only. Fire 2.
Prior to landing, overly airport at low altitude to
ensure runway is vacated. Mataiva
AD reserved for radio-equipped acft. 11′ NTGV MVT -10:00 S14 52.2 W148 42.8
FRENCH PACIFIC
Apt Manager 86 10 70. Aerobatics Mon-Sat 1700-2200, 0000-0330,

01/19 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 33/F/B/X/T. TODA Sun 1800-2200, 0000-0330; 2600' MSL-5500'
01 5249′. TODA 19 5577′. MSL.
Day use only. Fire and Rescuelevel 5 during published hours
JP-1. of operation for planned commercial flights;
level 2 outside these hours and when pub-
Fire 3.
lished.
Mataura (Tubuai) Fire 5.
7′ NTAT TUB -10:00 S23 22.0 W149 31.6
Nuku-Hiva
238′ NTMD NHV -09:30 S08 47.6 W140
03/21 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/A/Y/T. TODA 13.4
03 6365′. RL.
ATND SKD Scheduled ops & O/R.
06/24 5577′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/B/Y/T. TODA
Presence of vessels 60m (197 ft) before Rwy 06 6069′. RL.
03 threshold.
JP-1.
ATND SKD Scheduled ops & O/R.
Fire 3.
CAUTION: Turbulence on approach to Rwy 06.
Maupiti JP-1.
15′ NTTP MAU -10:00 S16 25.6 W152 14.6 Fire 3.
Puka Puka
08/26 3068′ ASPHALT. PCN 13/F/A/X/T. TODA
5′ NTGP -10:00 S14 48.6 W138 48.7
08 4593′. TODA 26 4593′.
Fire 2.
10/28 3051′ ASPHALT. PCN 5/F/B/Y/U. TODA
Moorea Island (Temae) 10 4577′. TODA 28 4364′.
16′ NTTM MOZ -10:00 S17 29.4 W149 45.7 JP-1.
Apt Manager 50 32 32. Fire 1.
12/30 4058′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/A/Y/T. TODA
Pukarua
12 4551′. TODA 30 5600′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Lighting. 6′ NTGQ PUK -10:00 S18 17.7 W137 01.0
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. 12/30 3871′ ASPHALT. PCN 10 F/B/W/U.
TODA 12 5512′. TODA 30 5512′.
ATND SKD Days.
Very strong turbulance due to wind from the Raiatea I (Uturoa)
South/Southwest. 6′ NTTR RFP -10:00 S16 43.4 W151 28.0
Start up clearance compulsory for all flights Apt Manager 689-86-60-61, 86 60 60.
during parachute jumping activity and aerobat- 07/25 4593′ BITUMEN. PCN 11/F/C/W/T.
ics. Contact Tahiti APP 121.3 MHz. TORA 07 4567′. TORA 25 4567′. LDA 07 4567′.
Parachute jumping activity 1600-SS Sat, Sun LDA 25 4567′. TODA 07 5561′. TODA 25 4567′.
and Hols. ASDA 07 4567′. ASDA 25 4567′. RL.
FRENCH PACIFIC
ATND SKD Scheduled flights. Rurutu Austral Is (Rurutu)

AD reserved for radio-equipped aircraft. 18′ NTAR RUR -10:00 S22 25.8 W151 22.1
Crosswind limitations for aircraft whose MTOW Apt Manager 86 10 70.
is 20 tons and greater: 25 kts. dry rwy, 20 kts. 09/27 4757′ BITU/GRVL. PCN 9/F/B/W/T.
wet rwy, 15 kts. contaminated rwy. TODA 09 7054′. RL.
Outside of ATS hours, traffic lights are not oper- Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
ative, risk of cars or persons crossing runway at ATND SKD Part time and O/R.
anytime.
F-4.
Risk of boats and fly-surfs crossing within take-
Fire 3.
off funnels close to threshold.
Tahiti I (Faaa) Apt of Entry
Risk of boats taking the canal alongthe RWY on
the first 1312' (400 m) of runway bearing 071°
5′ NTAA PPT -10:00 S17 33.4 W149 36.7
at approximately 197'(60 m) from the south ofApt Administration (689) 86 60 60; Fax (689) 83
the axis. 73 91.
AD is reserved for home based ULM or author- 04/22 11220′ BITU/CONC. PCN 53/F/A/W/U.
ized by AD Manager. TORA 04 11024′. TORA 22 11024′. LDA 04
Very heavy turbulences with S-SE wind. 10007′. LDA 22 10646′. TODA 04 11417′.
Taxiing prohibited except on RWY and TWY. TODA 22 11024′. ASDA 04 11024′. ASDA 22
Aviation parking in decreasing priority is 11024′. HIRL.
reserved for the following aircraft: 1) Commer-
cial scheduled flights: 2 stands shall be perma-
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
nently reserved for this category of aircraft. 2)
Aerobatics in vicinity of airport, SR - SS, 2000
Other aircraft: Depending on the preview FT AMSL/ 5000 FT AMSL. Activity announced
request during the filing of flight plan with BRIA.
on ATIS.
F-4. Fire protection Level 9 for scheduled flights,
Fire 5. class 6 or higher acft; Level 7 or 9 depending
on acft class, for non scheduled flights, PPR 48
Rangiroa
HR from Tahiti Faa'a BRIA; Level 5 outside
9′ NTTG RGI -10:00 S14 57.3 W147 39.5 these fixed schedules or times.
H24 80 33 36. ATS H24 86 10 40. Apt Manager F-4, F-5, JP-1. Oxygen.
689-86-60-61, 86 60 60. FSS H24 86 11 53; 86
Fire 9.
11 54.
09/27 5039′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/A/W/T. Takapoto (Takapoto Aero)
TODA 09 6893′. TODA 27 5367′. RL. Pilot Con- 17′ NTGT TKP -10:00 S14 42.6 W145 14.9
trolled Lighting. Apt Manager 86 10 70.
ATND SKD Scheduled flights. 07/25 3018′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/A/Y/T. TODA
Wildlife in vicinity of airport. 07 4528′. TODA 25 4528′.
ARFF (SSLIA) Level 5 during planned commer- Ships present 328' (100m) before Rwy 07
cial scheduled airline operations. threshold.
F-4. Fire 2.
Fire 2.
FRENCH PACIFIC
Tikehau 09/27 3281′ BITUMEN. DT 35, S 15, D-20. RL.

6′ NTGC -10:00 S15 07.2 W148 14.0 Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Apt Manager 86 10 70. Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
06/24 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/Y/T. TODA ATND SKD Outside the schedule, which is pub-
06 5249′. TODA 24 5905′. lished by NOTAM, prior notice is required -
Day use only. During Nighttime PPR24Hr.
Fire 3. Random wildlife strike hazard.
AD usable for radio-equipped ULM.
Totegegie I (Totegegie) Fire 1.
7′ NTGJ GMR -10:00 S23 05.0 W134 53.0
Apt Manager 86 10 70. Koumac
12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/B/W/U. 42′ NWWK KOC +11:00 S20 32.8 E164 15.3
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. ATIS (607) 42 37 74. Apt Manager (687) 47 71
00.
ATND SKD Days & on request.
06/24 3609′ BITUMEN. D-31, DT 53, S 24. RL.
Day use only. Parking is inside runway should-
ers. Consequently, pilots must userunway with
caution and park their aircraft as near as possi- Apt used by ultralights equipped with radio.
ble to the aerodrome ground facilities. Parachute activity SR-SS.
Before landing, make sure runway is vacated Fire 1.
by performing a low fly-over.
Lifou (Ouanaham)
JP-1.
94′ NWWL LIF +11:00 S20 46.5 E167 14.4
Fire 3.
Apt Manager (687) 26 52 00. Apt Operator 45
50 50; Fax 45 50 52.
New Caledonia
12/30 4101′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/B/W/T.
Des Pins Is. (Moue) TODA 12 4298′. TODA 30 4298′. RL. Pilot Con-
317′ NWWE ILP +11:00 S22 35.3 E167 27.3 trolled Lighting.
ATS (687) 46 16 60. Apt Manager (687) 26 31 ATND SKD By NOTAM; outside scheduled
24. time, PPR, 24 HR PN.
10/28 4101′ ASPHALT. D-37, DT 75, S 22, Wildlife in vicinity of airport.
PCN 15 F/C/W/T. TODA 10 4298′. RL. Pilot Night VFR, not approved.
Controlled Lighting. Apt used by ultralights equipped with radio after
ATND SKD Outside the schedule, which is pub- authorization of officer in charge.
lished by NOTAM, prior notice is required- Fire 5.
During Nighttime PPR24hr.
Fire 4. Mare (La Roche Aero)
138′ NWWR MEE +11:00 S21 28.9 E168
Kone 02.2
23′ NWWD KNQ +11:00 S21 03.2 E164 Apt Administration 45 51 96. Apt Manager 45
50.3 44 00. Apt Operator 45 49 70; Fax 45 49 72.
ATS (687) 47 84 30. Apt Manager (687) 26 52
00.
FRENCH PACIFIC
13/31 3281′ PAVED. PCN 26/F/B/W/T. TODA Apt Manager (687) 45-79-10, fax 45-79-12.
13 3445′. TODA 31 3609′. ASDA 13 3445′. 13/31 3609′ PAVED. S 22, DT 75, D-37. LDA
ASDA 31 3609′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 13 3281′. ASDA 13 3773′. RL. Pilot Controlled
Wildlife in vicinity of airport. Lighting.
Fire 4. ATND SKD SCHEDULED BY NOTAM.
Wildlife in vicinity of airport.
Noumea (Magenta)
Night VFR not approved.
9′ NWWM GEA +11:00 S22 15.5 E166 28.4
F-4. O/R.
Apt Manager 26 52 00; Fax 26 52 02.
Fire 1.
17/35 4531′ BITUMEN. PCN 26/F/B/W/T. LDA
17 3281′. LDA 35 4101′. TODA 17 4728′. TODA Touho
35 4728′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 10′ NWWU TOU +11:00 S20 47.4 E165 15.6
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Manager 42 63 80; Fax 42 63 82.
Full length landing available nights and O/R. 13/31 3609′ ASPHALT. D-33, DT 64, S 20.
ATND SKD By NOTAM, 24 hrs PPR. Customs: TODA 13 3806′. TODA 31 3806′. RL.
On request. Occasional wildlife in the vicinity of airport.
Overflights of the city of Noumea prohibited ARFF outside operation hours: Level 1.
below 5000' for powered aircraft
F-4. O/R.
Aerodrome use is not allowed between
Fire 2.
2200-0530 LT, except in emergencies.
F-3, Jet A-1. Wallis Is
Fire 1.
Futuna I (Point Vele)
Noumea (Tontouta) Apt of Entry 16′ NLWF FUT +12:00 S14 18.7 W178 04.0
51′ NWWW NOU +11:00 S22 01.0 E166 Apt Manager (681) 72 26 26; Fax (681) 72 21
13.0 15.
Apt Administration CIV: (687) 352500, MIL: 07/25 3609′ ASPHALT. SIWL 8.
(687) 410600; Fax (687) 35 25 35.
11/29 10663′ ASPHALT. PCN 60/F/B/W/T.
Fire 2.
TODA 11 10991′. TODA 29 10991′. HIRL.
HIALS 11.
Rwy 11/29 operational but caution advised for
limitations at 20 kts crosswinds on wet runway.
Airport used by ultalights equipped with radio
after authorization by officer in charge.
F-3, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 8.
Ouvea (Ouloup)
24′ NWWV UVE +11:00 S20 38.4 E166 34.4
INDONESIA
Ambon (Pattimura) Apt of Entry Apt Administration Fax (0651) 34240. Apt Oper-
33′ WAPP AMQ +09:00 S03 42.4 E128 05.4 ator (0651) 21341, (0651) 635352 Tower(0651)
Apt Administration (0911) 323772, 323775, 21341 Central.
(0911) 323778, 323770, 323771, 323776, 17/35 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 88/F/C/W/T.
323780; Fax (0911) 323773, 323775; TODA 17 10335′. TODA 35 10335′. ASDA 17
amq@angkasapura1.co.id. 10039′. ASDA 35 10039′. RL. ALS 17.
04/22 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 68/F/C/X/T. TODA ATND SKD MON-THU 0100-1000, FRI
22 8891′. ASDA 04 8399′. ASDA 22 8399′. RL. 0030-1000 UTC. Customs: In Town (On
ALS 04. MIALS 22. Request).
ATND SKD 2200-0900. Customs: 2200-0900 / Aircraft heavier than FK 28 are required to turn
O/R. on turning area only.
Jet A-1. Fuel after 0700 on request.
ABN. Fire 7. Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7.
Bali (Ngurah Rai Intl) Apt of Entry
14′ WADD DPS +08:00 S08 44.8 E115 10.1 Bandar Lampung (Radin Inten II Apt)
Apt Administration (0361) 751011; Fax (0361) 283′ WICT TKG +07:00 S05 14.4 E105 10.5
751032. Apt Administration Fax (0721) 7697115. Apt
09/27 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 83/F/C/X/T. TODA Manager (0721) 756 7321, (0721) 7697114 (ext
09 10335′. TODA 27 10335′. HIRL. HIALS 27. 113).
ATND SKD H24. Customs. 14/32 8202′ ASPHALT. ASDA 14 8399′. ASDA
NOTE: Nights: Birds in vicinity of airport. Days: 32 8399′. RL. ALS 32.
Kites in vicinity of airport. ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: In Town /
F-4, Jet A-1, F-1. OR.
ABN. Fire 6.
Balikpapan (Sepinggan) Apt of Entry
12′ WALL BPN +08:00 S01 16.0 E116 53.6 Bandung (Husein Sastranegara) Apt of
Entry
Apt Administration (0542) 766886; Fax (052)
766832; bpn@angkasapura1.co.id, 2436′ WICC BDO +07:00 S06 54.1 E107
pap1spg@indosat.net.id. 34.6
07/25 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 61/F/C/X/T. Apt Administration (022) 6041221, 6033889;
TODA 07 8845′. TODA 25 9222′. RL. ALS 25. Fax (022) 6033971; ap2_bdo@angkasa-
pura2.co.id.
11/29 7283′ ASPHALT. PCN 37/F/D/X/T. TODA
ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: 0130-0800
11 7776′. TODA 29 7776′. RL. ALS 29.
Mon-Fri.
ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: 2300-1100.
F-4.
F-4, F-1.
ABN. Fire 7.
ABN. Fire 6.
Banda Aceh (Sultan Iskandarmuda) Apt of
Entry Banjarmasin (Syamsudin Noor)
64′ WITT BTJ +07:00 N05 31.0 E095 25.2 65′ WAOO BDJ +08:00 S03 26.4 E114 45.2
INDONESIA
Apt Administration (0511) 4705277; Fax (0511) Apt Administration +670 3317 110; Fax +670
4705251; bdj@angkasapura1.co.id. 3317 111.
10/28 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 68/F/B/X/T. RL. 14/32 8232′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 49/F/A/W/T.
HIALS 10. RL. MIALS 14.
ATND SKD 2300-1300. Customs. ATND SKD Airport available sunrise to sunset.
CAUTION: Ground drops 5 ft (1.5m) immedi- PPR. Aircraft intending to operate into Baucau
ately in front of rwy 10. must contact CAD at +670 3317 110 ext. 101 or
Customs and Immigration available in town. 102.
F-6, Jet A-1. Airport is unmanned and no services are provi-
ABN. Fire 7. ded.
Banyuwangi (Blimbingsari) Bengkulu (Fatmawati Soekarno)

105′ WAXX +08:00 S08 18.6 E114 20.4 50′ WIPL BKS +07:00 S03 51.7 E102 20.4
Apt Administration 0333-636680; Fax Apt Administration (0736) 51040; Fax (0736)
0333-636690; blimbingsariairport@yahoo.com. 51450.
08/26 4593′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 16/F/C/Y/T. 13/31 7382′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 45/F/C/X/T.
LDA 08 4691′. LDA 26 4691′. ASDA 08 4691′. TODA 13 7940′. TODA 31 7874′. RL. ALS 13.
ASDA 26 4691′. Rwy 13 Right-Hand Circuit.
0100-0900, advanced and extended operating ATND SKD 2300-1000. Customs: In Town /
hours on request (daylight). OR.
Circuit altitudes - non-jet acft 1000ft, jet acft CAUTION: Animals crossing rwy.
1500ft, rotary wing acft 500ft (below 1000ft). Jet A-1.
Fire 4. ABN. Fire 6.
Batam (Hang Nadim) Apt of Entry Biak (Frans Kaisiepo) Apt of Entry
128′ WIDD BTH +07:00 N01 07.1 E104 06.8 46′ WABB BIK +09:00 S01 11.5 E136 06.6
Apt Administration (0778) 761507; Fax (0778) Apt Administration (0981) 22555, 22028; Fax
761673, (0778) 761852, (0778) 761859. (0981) 22106, 25580; bik@angkasa-
04/22 13205′ ASPHALT. PCN 85/F/C/X/T. pura1.co.id,pap1-biakbiak.wasantara.net.id.
TODA 04 13993′. TODA 22 13894′. ASDA 04 11/29 11713′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 81/F/B/X/U.
13402′. ASDA 22 13402′. RL. ALS 04. MIALS ASDA 11 11910′. ASDA 29 11910′. RL. ALS.
22. Rwy 11 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD 2100-1100 Advanced and extended
ATND SKD 2300-1400 UTC. Customs: 2300 - hours can be requested on 24 hr PN. Customs:
1400 UTC. O/R, 24 hour PN.
Jet A-1. CAUTION: Birds & dogs in vicinity of airport.
ABN. Fire 9. J.
ABN. Fire 7.
Baucau (Cakung)
1777′ WPEC BCH +09:00 S08 29.1 E126 Bima (Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin)
24.0 3′ WADB BMU +08:00 S08 32.5 E118 41.4
INDONESIA
Apt Administration (0374) 42171, 646260; Fax Dumai (Pinang Kampai)

(0374) 81471; msalahuddinairport@yahoo.com. 55′ WIBD +08:00 N01 33.1 E101 12.2
13/31 5413′ ASPHALT. PCN 28/F/D/Y/T. TODA 03/21 5906′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 23/F/C/Y/U.
13 5709′. TODA 31 5709′. MIALS 13. ATND SKD 0000-0900.
Rwy 13 Right-Hand Circuit. Fire 5.
ATND SKD 2300-1000. Customs: 2300-1000
OR. Gorontalo (Djalaluddin)
F-4, Jet A-1. 60′ WAMG GTO Mil. +08:00 N00 38.3 E122
Fire 6. 51.1
Apt Administration (0435) 890483, 890366,
Cilacap (Tunggul Wulung) 890377; Fax (0435) 890494.
70′ WIHL +07:00 S07 38.6 E109 02.1 09/27 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 41/F/B/X/T.
13/31 4593′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/Y/T. ASDA 09 8399′. ASDA 27 8399′. RL. ALS 27.
ATND SKD 0000-0700. ATND SKD 2300-0900.
Aircraft not permitted make one wheel lock turn
Cirebon (Cakrabhuwana)
on RWY.
83′ WICD +08:00 S06 45.4 E108 32.3
Jet A-1.
Apt Administration (0231) 484085, (0231)
ABN. Fire 7.
484540; Fax (0231) 484085.
04/22 4593′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 24 F/C/Y/T. Jakarta (Halim Intl) Apt of Entry
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. 84′ WIHH HLP +07:00 S06 16.0 E106 53.2
ATND SKD Mon - Fri 0100-0900. Apt Administration 62 (021) 80899200, 62 (021)
Fire 4. 80899258; Fax 62 (021) 80899327, 62 (021)
8093351.
Dili (Pres Nicolau Lobato Intl) 06/24 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 70/F/C/X/U.
25′ WPDL DIL +09:00 S08 32.8 E125 31.5 LDA 24 9187′. TODA 06 10138′. TODA 24
Apt Administration +670 3317 110; Fax +670 10466′. HIRL. HIALS 24.
3371 111. Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit.
08/26 6070′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/B/X/U. RL. ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
ATND SKD 2130-0900 UTC. Customs: F-4, Jet A-1.
2130-0900 UTC. ABN. Fire 9.
CAUTION: Bird, pedestrian and animal hazard
exists. PPR required to operate into Dili due to Jakarta (Soekarno-Hatta Intl) Apt of Entry
ltd acft parking. Rwy 26 threshold breaking up, 34′ WIII CGK +07:00 S06 07.4 E106 39.7
large cracks in rwy surface. Apt Administration 62-21 5506110, 62-21
Aircraft with MTOW greater than 7000Kg must 5506111 (BOF), 62-21 5507300, 62-21
roll to runway end after landing and backtrack 5507312; Fax 62-21 5501129, 62-21 5505420
to prevent damage to runway surface. (BOF), 62-21 5506823.
Jet A-1. JASU. 07L/25R 11811′ CONCRETE.
ABN. Fire 5. PCN 120/R/D/W/T. TODA 07L 13123′. TODA
25R 12205′. ASDA 25R 12008′. HIRL. ALS
07L. HIALS 25R.
INDONESIA
Rwy 25R Right-Hand Circuit. Kendari (Halu Oleo)

07R/25L 12008′ CONCRETE. 164′ WAWW KDI Mil. +08:00 S04
PCN 120/R/D/W/T. TODA 07R 13320′. TODA 05.0 E122 24.5
25L 13320′. ASDA 07R 12205′. ASDA 25L Apt Manager (0401) 321833, (0401) 321980;
12205′. HIRL. HIALS 07R. HIALS 25L. Fax (0401) 321833.
Rwy 07R Right-Hand Circuit. 08/26 7382′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/A/X/T.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. ASDA 08 7579′. ASDA 26 7579′. RL. ALS 26.
CAUTION: Advised while taking off and landing 2300-1200. Customs: O/R.
rwy 25 and rwy 07 due to kites. Jet A-1.
Seasonal bird activity observed in vicinity of ABN. Fire 6.
AD.
Prior permission from airport authorities Ketapang (Rahadi Osman)
required for non-scheduled aircraft due to limi- 47′ WIOK +07:00 S01 49.0 E109 57.8
ted aircraft parking. Apt Manager 534-31-785; Fax 534-34-251.
Jet A-1. 17/35 4593′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 17 F/C/Y/T.
Fire 9. ASDA 17 4790′. ASDA 35 4790′.
Rwy 17/35 Right-Hand Circuit.
Jambi (Sultan Thaha)
ATND SKD 0000-0700UTC.
92′ WIPA DJB +07:00 S01 38.1 E103 38.6
572244, 572344; Fax (0741) 572038, (0741) Kupang (El Tari) Apt of Entry
572244. 335′ WATT KOE +08:00 S10 10.7 E123
13/31 7283′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65/F/B/W/T. 39.8
TODA 13 7480′. TODA 31 7776′. RL. ALS 31. Apt Administration (0380) 881395, (0380)
ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: 2300-1100 / 881668, (0380) 882031, 882032, 882360; Fax
O/R. (0380) 881 263; koe@angkasapura1.co.id.
Jet A-1. ATS (0380) 881307.
ABN. Fire 6. 07/25 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 46/F/B/X/T.
TODA 07 8891′. TODA 25 8694′. ASDA 07
Jayapura (Sentani) Apt of Entry 8399′. RL. ALS 25.
289′ WAJJ DJJ +09:00 S02 34.6 E140 31.0 ATND SKD 2200-1000. Customs: 2300-1000.
Apt Administration (0967)591107(APT ADM); CAUTION: Rwy 07 down draft on final
(0967)592152(APP);(0967)594161(AIS); Fax approach. Average wind condition 120 DEG
(0967)591107(APT ADM);(0967)592152(APP); 15-25 KTS April thru Oct.
(0967)597161(AIS). F-4, Jet A-1.
12/30 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 53/F/C/X/T. ABN. Fire 6.
ASDA 12 8399′. ASDA 30 8399′. RL.
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit. Labuhan Bajo (Komodo)
ATND SKD 2100-1100. Customs: On request. 246′ WATO +08:00 S08 29.2 E119 53.2
Jet A-1. Apt Manager (0385) 41132, 41141; Fax (0385)
ABN. Fire 7. 41149.
INDONESIA
17/35 5413′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/C/Y/T. ASDA Birds in the vicinity of the airport.
17 5610′. ASDA 35 5610′. Fueling for military only.
ATND SKD Mon-Sat, 2300-0600. Pattern Altitude: 2515-2715' (800-1000') for
Fire 4. light aircraft, 3215' (1500') for medium aircraft,
3715' (2000') for jet aircraft.
Lombok Intl see Praya
West traffic pattern normally used, east traffic
Madiun (Iswahyudi) pattern available for light aircraft and opera-
361′ WARI Mil. +08:00 S07 36.6 E111 26.0 tional requirements.
17L/35R 8448′ ASPHALT. LDA 17L 8023′. LDA JP-4.
35R 7927′. RL. ABN. Fire 4.
17R/35L 10300′ ASPHALT. HIRL. ALS. Mamuju (Tampa Padang)
ATND SKD 0000-1000 & O/R. 16′ WAWJ +08:00 S02 35.0 E119 02.0
F-2, F-3, F-4, JP-4, J. JASU. Oxygen. Apt Administration 0426-2324755; Fax
ABN. 0426-2324755.
Makassar (Sultan Hasanuddin) Apt of Entry 05/23 6890′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/C/X/T. ASDA
23 6988′.
47′ WAAA UPG +08:00 S05 03.6 E119 33.3
ATND SKD 2300-0600.
553183; matsc@angkasapura1.co.id. Fire 4.
03/21 10171′ ASPHALT. PCN 77/F/C/X/T.
Manado (Ratulangi) Apt of Entry
TORA 03 10505′. LDA 03 10505′. TODA 03
270′ WAMM MDC +08:00 N01 32.7 E124
11483′. TODA 21 11122′. ASDA 03 10505′.
55.5
ASDA 21 10367′. RL. HIALS.
13/31 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 63/F/C/X/U.
814323, 817982 (BO); Fax (0431) 811595,
ASDA 13 8399′. ASDA 31 8399′. HIRL. HIALS
817982 (BO); mdc@angkasapural.co.id.
13.
18/36 8694′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 80/F/C/W/T.
ATND SKD 2300-1500. Customs: 2300-1500
ASDA 18 8891′. ASDA 36 8891′. RL. ALS.
O/R.
ATND SKD 2300-1300Z; Extended/advanced
Birds in vicinity of airport. hours on request. Customs: 2300-1300Z.
Jet A-1. Oxygen. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Fire 8. After landing aircraft must turn at the end of the
Malang (Abdulrachman Saleh) runway.
1726′ WARA MLG +07:00 S07 55.6 E112 F-4, Jet A-1.
42.8 Fire 7.
Apt Manager 62-0341-792110; Fax Manokwari (Rendani)
62-0341-792110.
15′ WASR MKW +09:00 S00 53.6 E134 03.0
17/35 6496′ ASPHALT. PCN 45/F/C/X/T. RL.
ATND SKD Mon-Thu; 0000-0800 UTC, Fri; 17/35 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 21/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
0000-0830 UTC. 17 6752′. RL.
INDONESIA
ATND SKD 2100-0800. Customs. CAUTION: Due to high trees on both approach
F-4, Jet A-1. and take off areas.
Fire 3. Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 5.
Maumere (Seda)
115′ WATC MOF +08:00 S08 38.3 E122 Morotai (Pitu)
14.2 50′ WAMR +08:00 N02 02.7 E128 18.9
Apt Administration (0382) 21444, 21736; Fax 09/27 9514′ GRAVEL.
(0382) 21920.
Mukomuko
05/23 6070′ ASPHALT. ASDA 05 6267′. ASDA
23 6267′. 16′ WIPU +08:00 S02 33.0 E101 06.0
ATND SKD Mon-Thu: 2300-0600 Fri: Apt Manager fax (0737) 71632.
2300-0300 Sat: 2300-0430. 14/32 4593′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/C/Y/T.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD On request.
Fire 3. Nabire
Medan (Polonia) Apt of Entry 20′ WABI NBX +09:00 S03 22.0 E135 30.0
90′ WIMM MES +07:00 N03 33.5 E098 40.3 Apt Administration (0964) 21210, 21211; Fax
Apt Administration (061) 4565777, 4569835; (0964) 22076.
Fax (061) 4561800, 4529437. ATS 4532105, 16/34 4593′ ASPHALT. PCN 10/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
4532197. 16 4724′. ASDA 34 4790′.
05/23 9514′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 71/F/C/X/T. ATND SKD 2130-0800.
LDA 05 8612′. TODA 05 9987′. TODA 23 9908′. F-4, Jet A-1.
ASDA 05 9790′. ASDA 23 9711′. HIRL. MIALS Fire 4.
05.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. Padang (Tabing) Apt of Entry
Fixed wing operations will be vectored over 9′ WIMG Mil. +07:00 S00 52.5 E100 21.0
Belawan. Apt Administration (0751) 52987, 57560 ext
Circuit flying and training permitted between 205 (BOF); Fax (0751) 55247.
2300-0130 daily and 0900-1200 daily. 16/34 7054′ CONCRETE. PCN 45 R/C/X/T.
Birds in vicinity of airport. ASDA 16 7382′. ASDA 34 7382′. RL. HIALS 34.
F-4, Jet A-1. ATND SKD 0000-1200. Customs: 0000-1200.
ABN. Fire 8. Fire 6.
Merauke (Mopah) Padang Pariaman (Minangkabau Intl) Apt of

Entry
10′ WAKK MKQ +09:00 S08 31.3 E140 25.0
18′ WIPT PDG +07:00 S00 47.3 E100 17.2
Apt Manager fax, (0971) 325103.
Apt Administration 0751 819123-1111/1110;
16/34 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/B/X/T.
Fax (0751) 819030, (0751) 819035, (0751)
TODA 16 8891′. TODA 34 8891′. ASDA 34
819040; datuk_tanpatiah@yahoo.co.id,
8399′. RL. PORT-RL. HIALS 16.
kdop@minangkabauairport.com.
ATND SKD 2200-0800. Customs: 2200-O/R.
INDONESIA
15/33 9022′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 83/F/C/X/T. 15/33 7382′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 45/F/C/X/T.
TODA 15 9613′. TODA 33 10006′. ASDA 15 ASDA 15 7579′. ASDA 33 7579′. RL. MIALS
9219′. ASDA 33 9219′. RL. MIALS 15. HIALS 33.
33. ATND SKD 2300-1200. Customs: On Request.
Customs: 2300-1700 UTC. Birds and animals in vicinity of airport.
Caution to all aircraft destination Minangkabau Jet A-1.
Intl airport when established final course Rwy ABN. Fire 5.
33 to avoid Rwy 34 of Tabing airport position
6NM South East of Minangkabau Intl airport. Pangkal Pinang (Depati Amir)
Outside operating hours available on request. 151′ WIPK PGK +07:00 S02 09.7 E106 08.3
F-4. Apt Administration (0717) 421041, 421045; Fax
ABN. Fire 9. (0717) 421042, 4261242 (BO); AISDEPA-
TIAMRI@GMAIL.COM.
Palangka Raya (Tjilik Riwut) 16/34 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65 F/B/W/T.
82′ WAOP PKY +07:00 S02 13.5 E113 56.7 TODA 16 7448′. TODA 34 7579′. ASDA 16
Apt Manager 0536-322-1929/1041/3015; Fax 6742′. ASDA 34 6759′. RL.
0536-322-5710/3015. ATND SKD 2300-1200Z. Customs: 2300-1200Z
16/34 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 44/ F/B/X/T. (O/R).
TODA 16 8694′. TODA 34 8694′. RL. ALS 34. Jet A-1.
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. ABN. Fire 6.
ATND SKD 2300-1000Z. Customs: 0000-0700.
Pangkalanbun (Iskandar)
Jet A-1.
87′ WAOI PKN +07:00 S02 42.2 E111 40.2
Fire 7.
Apt Manager 62-0532-21338/9; Fax
Palembang (Sultan M Badaruddin II) 62-0532-23706/21331.
49′ WIPP PLM +07:00 S02 54.1 E104 42.0 13/31 6070′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 37/F/C/X/T.
Apt Administration (0711) 385001, 385002, TODA 13 7382′. TODA 31 6365′. ASDA 13
385003, 385004, 385005, (0711) 385006, 6267′.
385008; Fax (0711) 385015. Rwy 31 Right-Hand Circuit.
11/29 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 73 F/C/W/T. ATND SKD Mon-Sat 0000-0700 UTC. Cus-
TODA 11 10335′. TODA 29 10335′. ASDA 11 toms: On Call.
10039′. ASDA 29 10039′. RL. HIALS 29. Fire 4.
Customs: Available in Airport. Immigration: on
call. Pekanbaru (Sultan Syarif Kasim II) Apt of
Entry
F-4, Jet A-1.
104′ WIBB PKU +07:00 N00 27.8 E101 26.8
ABN. Fire 8.
Apt Administration (0761) 35796 674676
Palu (Mutiara) 672891 674694; Fax (0761) 674827.
284′ WAML PLW +08:00 S00 55.0 E119 18/36 7349′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 62/F/B/W/T.
54.4 TODA 18 7989′. TODA 36 7726′. RL. MIALS
Apt Administration (0451) 481702, (0451) 18. ALS 36.
487222; Fax (0451) 481087.
INDONESIA
ATND SKD 2300-1400 Mon - Sun. Customs: 18/36 8405′ ASPHALT. AUW-38. LDA 18
2300-1400 Mon - Sun. 8153′. RL.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD 0000-0600 & O/R.
Pontianak (Supadio) Apt of Entry Rengat (Japura)
10′ WIOO PNK +07:00 S00 08.9 E109 24.2 61′ WIPR RGT +07:00 S00 21.1 E102 20.1
Apt Administration (0561) 7215602, 721002, Apt Administration (0769) 41020, 41276; Fax
721003; Fax (0561) 721212. (0769) 41020.
15/33 7382′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 44/F/D/X/T. 10/28 4265′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
ASDA 15 7579′. ASDA 33 7579′. ALS 15. 10 4462′. ASDA 28 4462′.
Customs: 2300-1700. ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0100-0800, Sat
Pilots of unscheduled flights have to show the 0000-0600.
Flight Approval to ATC / Briefing Officer on Fire 4.
arrival.
Ruteng (Frans Sales Lega)
F-4, Jet A-1.
3839′ WATG +08:00 S08 35.9 E120 28.8
ABN. Fire 7.
Apt Manager (0385) 21329, (0385) 21563.
Poso, Indonesia (Kasiguncu) 09/27 4265′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
17′ WAMP +08:00 S01 25.0 E120 39.5 27 4462′.
03/21 3644′ BITUMEN. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
ATND SKD 2300-0600. ATND SKD Mon-Sat, 2300-0600.
Fire 3.
Praya (Lombok Intl) Apt of Entry
319′ WADL LOP +08:00 S08 45.4 E116 16.6 Sabang (Maimum Saleh)
Apt Administration (3070) 6157000; Fax (0370) 361′ WITN SBG Mil. +08:00 N05 52.5 E095
6157001. 20.1
13/31 9022′ ASPHALT. PCN 56 FAXT. TODA 10/28 4593′ ASPHALT.
13 10006′. TODA 31 9514′. ASDA 13 9219′. ATND SKD 0000-0700 and O/R.
RL. ALS 13. MIALS 31.
Rwy 13/31 Right-Hand Circuit. Samarinda (Temindung)
ATND SKD Mon - Sun: 2200 - 1300. Customs: 33′ WALS SRI +08:00 S00 28.9 E117 09.4
Mon - Sun: 2300 - 1300. Apt Administration (0541) 742885; Fax (0541)
Aircraft type with MTOW more than 60 tons 743786.
shall make 180 degree turn at the endof 04/22 3084′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 5/F/D/Z/U.
runway. ASDA 04 3281′.
Jet A-1. Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7. ABN. Fire 4.
Ranai Sampit (H. Asan)

7′ WION +08:00 N03 54.8 E108 23.3 10′ WAOS +07:00 S02 30.1 E112 58.5
INDONESIA
Apt Manager 62-0531-21589/24406/31777; Fax ATND SKD 2300-1200. Customs: 2300-1200.

62-0531-23847. Birds in vicinity of airport.
13/31 6070′ ASPHALT. PCN 35/F/D/X/T. ASDA CAUTION: Public roads near both ends of rwy.
13 6266′. ASDA 31 6266′. Wide-body freight aircraft are suggested not to
Rwy 31 Right-Hand Circuit. land at airport, due to grounddeck loader
ATND SKD 2300-0800UTC. Customs: unavailability.
2300-0800UTC F-4, Jet A-1, F-1.
Semarang (Ahmad Yani) Sorong (Domine Eduard Osok)
13′ WARS SRG Mil. +07:00 S06 58.6 E110 10′ WASS SOQ +08:00 S00 53.5 E131 17.2
22.6 Apt Administration (0951) 096061, (0951)
Apt Administration (024) 7608735; Fax (024) 321140, (0951) 321631, (0951) 322970,
7603506,7603417,7600651 (BO); srg@angka- 321631, 327698, 326061 (TWR), (0951)
sapura1.co.id. 327698; Fax (0951) 324560.
13/31 8793′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 33/F/C/Y/T. 09/27 6070′ ASPHALT. PCN 41 F/C/X/T. TODA
LDA 31 8399′. RL. MIALS. 09 6267′. TODA 27 6267′. ASDA 09 6267′.
ATND SKD Mon-Thu 0100-0930, Fri ASDA 27 6267′. RL. MIALS 09.
0100-0830. Customs: On request. Customs: On request
F-4, Jet A-1. Jet A-1.
Singkep (Dabo) Suai (Saui Apt)
95′ WIDS SIQ +07:00 S00 28.7 E104 34.6 96′ WPDB +09:00 S09 18.2 E125 17.2
Apt Administration (0776) 21273; Fax (0776) 16/34 3445′ ASPHALT. AUW-13. LDA 16
21273. 2953′. TODA 16 3642′. TODA 34 3642′.
14/32 3855′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
14 4003′. ASDA 32 4003′. Sumbawa (Sumbawa Besar)
ATND SKD 0000-0900. 19′ WADS +08:00 S08 29.3 E117 24.8
In case of communications failure, landing Apt Administration Swaqairport@gmail.com.
instructions will be given by hoisted flag. 14/32 4754′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/C/Z/U. ASDA
Fire 4. 14 4951′. ASDA 32 4951′.
Fire 4.
Solo (Adi Soemarmo) Apt of Entry
418′ WARQ SOC +07:00 S07 30.8 E110 Surabaya (Juanda) Apt of Entry
45.0 11′ WARR SUB +07:00 S07 22.8 E112 47.2
Apt Administration (0271) 780400, 780715, Apt Administration (031) 2986505; sub@angka-
781164; Fax (0271) 780058; soc@angkasa- sapura1.co.id. Fax (031) 8688536. ATS (031)
pura1.co.id. 2986200; Fax (031) 8667506, 8671171. Apt
08/26 8530′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 68/F/C/X/T. Manager (031) 2986500.
LDA 08 8202′. TODA 08 9514′. TODA 26 8707′. 10/28 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 83/F/D/X/T. ASDA
ASDA 08 8727′. RL. ALS 26. 10 10171′. ASDA 28 10171′. HIRL. ALS 28.
INDONESIA
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. Tanjung Pinang (Raja Haji Fisabilillah) Apt

ATND SKD 2300-1700. Customs: 2300-1700. of Entry
Birds in vicinity of airport. 92′ WIDN TNJ +07:00 N00 55.1 E104 31.6
Jet A-1. Oxygen. Apt Administration (0771) 442434, 41035; Fax
ABN. Fire 8. (0771) 41034.
04/22 6581′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 43/F/C/X/T.
Tangerang (Budiarto) TODA 04 7073′. TODA 22 7073′. RL. ALS 04.
151′ WICB +07:00 S06 17.6 E106 34.1 Customs: 0000-1100Z.
Apt Administration (021) 5982208, 5985250; Due to obstacle (hill), take-off procedures will
Fax (021) 5985250. use Rwy 22 and landings will use Rwy 04.
04/22 5446′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/C/X/T. RL. ABN. Fire 4.
Tanjung Redeb (Kalimarau)
12/30 5906′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/C/X/T. ASDA
12 6103′. ASDA 30 6103′. RL. 57′ WALK +08:00 N02 09.2 E117 25.9
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration (0554) 2027471; Fax (0554)
2027472; bandara_kalimarau@yahoo.co.id.
ATND SKD 2330-1030 Mon-Fri, 2330-0530
Sat, closed Sun & holidays. 01/19 6070′ ASPH/CONC. TODA 01 7382′.
TODA 19 8038′. RL.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Rwy 01/19 Right-Hand Circuit.
ABN. Fire 5.
Advance and extended operating hours on
Tangerang (Pondok Cabe) request.
200′ WIHP +08:00 S06 21.0 E106 46.0 Fire 6.
Apt Administration 021-7401633; Fax
Tarakan (Juwata)
021-7490613.
23′ WALR TRK +08:00 N03 19.6 E117 34.2
18/36 7218′ ASPHALT.
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0000-0900; Sat, Sun, and
2026300; Fax (0551) 2026123. ARO Fax
Holidays on request.
(0551) 23311.
Fire 6.
Tanjung Pandan (H.A.S. Hanandjoeddin) ASDA 24 7579′.
164′ WIOD TJQ +07:00 S02 44.7 E107 45.2 Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration (0719) 21385, 22020, Customs: On Request.
24832, 24038; Fax (0719) 22021. Hills and trees at take-off area Rwy 06 and on
18/36 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 35/F/C/X/T. approach to Rwy 24.
TODA 18 7546′. TODA 36 7546′. ASDA 18 Jet A-1.
6759′. ASDA 36 6759′. RL. ALS 36. ABN. Fire 7.
Ternate (Babullah)
ATND SKD 2300-1000.
49′ WAMT TTE +09:00 N00 49.9 E127 22.8
Fire 6.
Apt Administration (0921) 3121797, 3125164;
Fax (0921) 3123508.
INDONESIA
14/32 6890′ ASPHALT. ASDA 14 7087′. ASDA Warukin

32 6988′. MIALS 32. 197′ WAON +08:00 S02 13.7 E115 26.9
Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit. 06/24 3845′ ASPHALT.
ATND SKD 2200-0800Z. Customs: In the city Jet A-1.
O/R.
Jet A-1. Yogyakarta (Adi Sucipto)
Fire 5. 350′ WARJ JOG +07:00 S07 47.2 E110 25.9
Timika (Moses Kilangin) 484266 BO (Ext. 286); Fax (0274) 488155.
103′ WABP TIM +09:00 S04 31.9 E136 53.3 09/27 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/C/X/T. TODA
Apt Administration (0901) 424083, 321461; Fax 09 7710′. ASDA 27 7300′. RL. ALS 09. MIALS
(0901) 424010. 27.
12/30 7841′ ASPHALT. PCN 45/F/B/X/T. RL. 09/27 3937′ TURF.
ALS 12. MIALS 30. ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: Mon-Sat
Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit. O/R.
ATND SKD 2100-0800. Customs: On request. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Jet A-1. No one wheel turns due to rwy condition.
ABN. Fire 6. Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7.
Waingapu (Umbu Mehang Kunda)
33′ WADW WGP +08:00 S09 40.1 E120
17.9
15/33 6070′ ASPHALT. PCN 29/F/C/Y/T. ASDA
15 6266′. ASDA 33 6266′. RL.
ATND SKD 2130-0800.
CAUTION: Rwy 33 surface coarse and in poor
condition.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 4.
Wamena
5100′ WAJW WMX +09:00 S04 05.8 E138
57.1
Apt Administration (0969) 31281, (0969) 31481.
15/33 5988′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/C/X/T. LDA
15 5758′. ASDA 15 6185′.
ATND SKD 2100-0800. Customs: In town.
Extreme caution during take off and landing,
any hill.
Fire 4.
JAPAN
Akita ATND SKD 2230-1300. Customs: On request

305′ RJSK AXT +09:00 N39 36.9 E140 13.1 F-2, F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 018-886-3362; Fax ABN. Fire 9.
018-886-3163. On Call 018-845-0735,
018-895-5221. Asahikawa
10/28 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 87/F/C/X/T. 690′ RJEC AKJ +09:00 N43 40.2 E142 26.8
HIRL. HIALS 28. Apt Administration 0166-83-2200.
ATND SKD 2200-1300. Customs: According as 16/34 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 89/F/C/X/T.
INTL flight on MON, THU, SAT HIRL. HIALS 16. HIALS 34.
F-4, Jet A-1. ATND SKD 2300-1200. Customs: 2300-1200.
ABN. Fire 9. PPR
Prior permission is required for transient aircraft
Amakusa due to parking congestion except scheduled
340′ RJDA +09:00 N32 28.9 E130 09.5 and/or emergency flight.
13/31 3281′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 9/F/C/X/T. Jet A-1.
HIRL. ABN. Fire 9.
ATND SKD 22:40Z-11:30Z.
Aircraft flying IFR shall be equipped with two Ashiya
sets or more of radio communication equip- 98′ RJFA Mil. +09:00 N33 52.9 E130 39.1
ment. 12/30 5381′ CONCRETE. T 95, S 80. HIRL.
ABN. ATND SKD 2100-1300.
F-4, JP-4.
Amami
ABN.
14′ RJKA ASJ +09:00 N28 25.8 E129 42.7
Apt Administration 0997-63-0277; Fax Atsugi
0997-63-2198. 205′ RJTA NJA Mil. +09:00 N35 27.3 E139
03/21 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/A/X/T. 27.0
HIRL. HIALS 03. HIALS 21. 01/19 7999′ CONCRETE. DTW 334, S 90,
ATND SKD 2300-1030Z. DW 180. HIRL.
Prior permission required for transient civil air- Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit.
craft. Rwy End (RW01): A-GEAR BI DIR 1500 ft.
100 octane, Jet A-1. AER.
ABN. Fire 7. Rwy End (RW19): A-GEAR BI DIR 1500 &
35OO ft. AER.
Aomori
ATND SKD H24.
650′ RJSA AOJ +09:00 N40 44.0 E140 41.3
CAUTION: Extensive fixed wing and rotary
Apt Administration 017-739-2121; Fax wing acft within 5nm west of rwy 01/19.
017-739-2780. On Call 017-722-7687,
F-5, JP-5. JASU. Oxygen.
017-734-0780.
ABN.
HIRL. ALS 24. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Chitose see Sapporo
JAPAN
Chofu Fukushima
139′ RJTF +09:00 N35 40.3 E139 31.7 1220′ RJSF FKS +09:00 N37 13.6 E140
Apt Administration 0422-34-4840. 25.7
17/35 2625′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 7/F/D/Y/T. Apt Manager 0247-57-1111.
ATND SKD 2330-0900. 01/19 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 58/F/A/X/T. HIRL.
F-2, F-4. HIALS 01. HIALS 19.
Fire 3. ATND SKD 2330-1100.
Jet A-1.
Chubu Centrair International see Nagoya ABN.
Fukue Futenma MCAS see Okinawa I
251′ RJFE FUJ +09:00 N32 40.0 E128 50.0
Apt Administration 0959-72-2400; Gifu
s12080@pref.nagasaki.lg.jp. 128′ RJNG QGU Mil. +09:00 N35
03/21 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 40/F/B/X/T. 23.7 E136 52.2
HIRL. RAIL. HIALS. 10/28 8858′ CONCRETE. SW 36, DW 52. RL.
ATND SKD 2300-1030Z. Uni-dir A-gear at Rwy ends, Bi-dir A-gear 2170
ABN. Fire 6. ft AER 28.
ATND SKD 2100-1300, O/T 1 hr PNR.
Fukui F-4, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen.
18′ RJNF FKJ +09:00 N36 08.6 E136 13.4 ABN.
18/36 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/B/Y/T.
ATND SKD 0000-0800. Hachijojima
For use of this airport, PPR Tel 0776 (51) 0580.301′ RJTH HAC +09:00 N33 06.9 E139 47.1
100 octane, Jet A-1. 08/26 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/A/X/T.
HIRL. RAIL.
Fukuoka ATND SKD 2300-0900.
30′ RJFF FUK +09:00 N33 35.1 E130 27.1 Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 092-611-3466 (AIS), ABN. Fire 7.
092-622-6529 (ATS).
16/34 9186′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 92 F/B/X/T. Hachinohe
HIRL. HIALS. 152′ RJSH HHE Mil. +09:00 N40 33.1 E141
ATND SKD H24. Customs: 2330-1100. 28.0
Traffic pattern altitude. Fixed wing. 07/25 7380′ ASPH/CONC. DTW 258, S 80,
DW 124. HIRL. ALS 25.
Jet aircraft 1,500ft; Single engine propeller
800ft; Multi engine prop 1,000ft (Except SF34, ATND SKD H24.
SB20 and any type of DH8 should follow JP-4.
1,500ft). Military small jet 2,000ft. ABN.
JP-4 JSDF only
Hakodate
F-4, JP-4, JP-1. JASU. Oxygen.
112′ RJCH HKD +09:00 N41 46.2 E140 49.3
ABN. Fire 9.
Apt Manager 138-57-1737/8; Fax 138-59-4745.
JAPAN

HIRL. HIALS 12. RAILHIALS 30.
Hofu
ATND SKD 2230-1130 UTC. Customs:
2230-1130 UTC. 7′ RJOF Mil. +09:00 N34 02.1 E131 32.8
Prior permission is required for all transient air- 01/19 3870′ ASPHALT. S 28.
craft due to parking congestion except sched- 12/30 4860′ ASPH/CONC. S 28. RL.
uled and/or emergency flight. ATND SKD 2200-1000 Other time 1HR PNR.
Jet A-1. JP-4.
ABN. Fire 9. ABN.
Hamamatsu Hyakuri
150′ RJNH Mil. +09:00 N34 45.0 E137 42.2 107′ RJAH Mil. +09:00 N36 10.9 E140 24.9
09/27 8366′ CONCRETE. S 81, DW 125, 03L/21R 8858′ CONCRETE. SW 148, DW 196,
ST 213, DTW 399. HIRL. DTW 302. HIRL. HIALS 03L.
ATND SKD H-24 with prior permission. 03R/21L 8858′ CONCRETE. SW 84, DW 134,
Extensive Jet training. DTW 300. HIRL. ALS.
East portion of taxiway not visible from tower. ATND SKD H24.
24 HR. PPR Civil transient aircraft: PPR to CAB Hyakuri Air-
F-3, Jet A, JP-4, J. JASU. port Office (0299-54-0600) for parking
ABN. Jet A-1, JP-4.
ABN.
Hanamaki
294′ RJSI HNA +09:00 N39 25.7 E141 08.1 Ie Shima I. (Ie Shima Aux AB)
Apt Administration 0198-26-2016; Fax 230′ RODE Mil. +09:00 N26 43.7 E127 45.7
0198-26-4588; CF0003@pref.iwate.jp. 04/22 5000′ CORAL.
0193-22-3010, 019-621-1206. Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit.
02/20 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 68/F/A/X/T. ATND SKD 2100-0400 Mon-Fri, 2100-0300
HIRL. HIALS 02. HIALS 20. Sat.
ATND SKD 2300-1030.
Iejima
F-2, F-4, Jet A-1.
238′ RORE IEJ +09:00 N26 43.3 E127 47.2
ABN. Fire 8.
04/22 4920′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 14/F/D/Y/T.
Haneda see Tokyo RL.
ATND SKD 0315-0745 Sat, 0015-0745 Sun.
Hiroshima
There are two USAF managed runways located
1086′ RJOA HIJ +09:00 N34 26.2 E132 55.2
west of Iejima Airport, use caution.
0848-86-8656. Iki see Ikishima
10/28 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 72/F/A/X/T.
Ikishima (Iki)
HIRL. ALS 10. HIALS 28.
41′ RJDB IKI +09:00 N33 44.9 E129 47.1
ATND SKD 2230-1230. Customs: 2300-1230Z
Jet A-1.
JAPAN
02/20 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 13/F/C/Y/T. ATND SKD 2300-1030.

HIRL. Jet A-1.
ATND SKD 2300-0900. ABN.
ABN.
Iwoto
Iruma 384′ RJAW IWO Mil. +09:00 N24 47.0 E141
295′ RJTJ Mil. +09:00 N35 50.5 E139 24.6 19.4
17/35 6561′ ASPH/CONC. S 101, DW 154. 07/25 8700′ ASPHALT. ST 175, TT 275,
HIRL. HIALS 17. SW 57, T 154. HIRL.
ATND SKD H24. Bi-dir A-gear 460 ft and 1700 ft AER 07, 480 ft
F-3, F-4, JP-4. JASU. and 2250 ft AER 25.
ABN. JP-4.
ABN.
Ishigaki I (Ishigaki)
86′ ROIG ISG +09:00 N24 20.7 E124 11.2 Izumo
04/22 4921′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 38/F/B/X/T. 6′ RJOC IZO +09:00 N35 24.8 E132 53.4
HIRL. 07/25 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 58/F/C/X/T.
ATND SKD 2300-1200. HIRL. RAILHIALS 25.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD 2230-1130.
ABN. Fire U. F-2, F-4, JP-1.
ABN.
Iwakuni (Iwakuni MCAS) Apt of Entry
10′ RJOI Mil. +09:00 N34 08.7 E132 14.8 Kadena AB see Okinawa I
02/20 8006′ ASPHALT. PCN 73/R/B/W/T. Kagoshima
HIRL. HIALS 02.
892′ RJFK KOJ +09:00 N31 48.2 E130 43.2
Rwy closed 0300-0800 last Sun of each month.
Apt Administration 0995(58)4461.
Bi-dir A-gear 1804 ft AER 02, Bi-dir A-gear
1804 ft AER 20.
HIRL. HIALS 16. HIALS 34.
Rwy 02 & Rwy 20 directional A-gear 50' over-
ATND SKD 2230-1230. Customs: 2330-0800
run
Tue, Fri 2330-1000 Mon, Thu 2330-1100 Wed
ATND SKD 2130-1400 Mon-Fri, 2300-0700 0030-0430 Sat.
Sat, 0600-1000 Sun.
100 octane, Jet A-1.
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
ABN. Fire 9.
for additional information.
JP-5. JASU. Oxygen. Kamigoto
ABN. 263′ RJDK +09:00 N33 00.8 E129 11.5
17/35 2625′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-12.
Iwami
ATND SKD 0100 - 0700.
177′ RJOW IWJ +09:00 N34 40.6 E131 47.4
Aircraft operations other than scheduled flights
or in an emergency on use of Kamigoto airport,
JAPAN
aircraft operator is required to obtain the permi- F-4, Jet A-1.

sion of airport authority. ABN. Fire 9.
Fire 2.
Kobe
Kanoya 22′ RJBE UKB +09:00 N34 38.0 E135 13.4
214′ RJFY +09:00 N31 22.1 E130 50.3 Apt Administration 078-306-4195; Fax
08L/26R 3937′ CONCRETE. DW 55, S 44. 078-306-4196.
08R/26L 7382′ CONCRETE. DTW 258, S 95, 09/27 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 80/F/B/X/T.
DW 124. HIRL. HIRL. HIALS 09. HIALS 27.
ATND SKD H24. Jet A-1.
JP-5. ABN. Fire 9.
ABN.
Kochi
Kansai Intl see Osaka 29′ RJOK KCZ +09:00 N33 32.8 E133 40.2
14/32 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 80 F/B/X/T.
Kikai
15′ RJKI KKX +09:00 N28 19.3 E129 55.7
ATND SKD 2200-1200.
07/25 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/A/Y/T.
F-2, F-4, Jet A-1, JP-1.
ATND SKD 2330-0930 (1APR-30SEP),
ABN. Fire 8.
2330-0830 (1OCT-31MAR).
Kohnan see Okayama
Kisarazu
10′ RJTK Mil. +09:00 N35 23.9 E139 54.6 Komatsu
02/20 6004′ ASPH/CONC. DT 135, S 69, 22′ RJNK KMQ +09:00 N36 23.6 E136 24.4
DW 90. HIRL. 06/24 8858′ ASPH/CONC. TRT 728, SW 145,
ATND SKD 2330-0800 Mon-Fri except holi- DW 221, DTW 873. HIRL. HIALS.
days, other times 1 hr prior notice. ATND SKD H24.
F-4, JP-4. Jet A-1.
ABN. ABN.
Kitadaito I (Kitadaito) Kumamoto
71′ RORK KTD +09:00 N25 56.7 E131 19.6 632′ RJFT KMJ +09:00 N32 50.2 E130 51.3
03/21 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/Y/T. Apt Administration 096-232-2854 or
ATND SKD 2300-0900. 096-232-2925.
07/25 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 112/F/D/X/T.
Kitakyushu
21′ RJFR KKJ +09:00 N33 50.7 E131 02.1
ATND SKD 2230-1230. Customs: 2330-0800
Apt Administration 093-473-1089; Fax Mon-Fri, 2330-0330 Sat.
093-473-9417.
On use of this airport by transient aircraft, the
18/36 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 83/F/B/X/T. operator is required to obtain the prior permis-
HIRL. HIALS 18. HIALS 36. sion of the airport administrator in order to
ATND SKD H24. adjust of parking area.
JAPAN
100 octane, F-4, Jet A-1, JP-1. Matsushima

ABN. Fire 9. 7′ RJST +09:00 N38 24.2 E141 12.7
07/25 8858′ CONCRETE. DW 144, S 58. HIRL.
Kumejima
15/33 4921′ CONCRETE. DW 144, S 58.
23′ ROKJ UEO +09:00 N26 21.8 E126 42.8
ATND SKD H24.
HIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 15/33 closed to jet aircraft during night
except for emergency.
ATND SKD 2300-1030.
Wooded area 700 ft from approach end runway
Kushiro 33.
311′ RJCK KUH +09:00 N43 02.4 E144 11.6 F-4, JP-4.
17/35 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 106/F/C/X/T. ABN.
Matsuyama
ATND SKD 2300-1200 UTC.
13′ RJOM MYJ +09:00 N33 49.6 E132 42.0
Jet A-1.
ABN.
HIRL. HIALS 32.
Matsudo (Shimofusa) ATND SKD 2230-1230.
98′ RJTL +09:00 N35 47.9 E140 00.7 100 octane, Jet A-1.
01/19 7382′ CONCRETE. DW 123, DTW 257, ABN. Fire 9.
S 95. HIRL. HIALS 19.
Memanbetsu
ATND SKD H24.
109′ RJCM MMB +09:00 N43 52.8 E144
CAUTION: Lighted electric towers (highest 400
09.8
ft) between 1.7-2.7 NM of rwy 19 end.
396 ft lighted microwave tower 2.8 NM ESE of
HIRL. HIALS. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
rwy 01 end. Numerous trees in final approach
area. ATND SKD 2300-1200. Customs: O/R.
JP-4. CAUTION: Closed Memanbetsu Airport North
of field.
ABN.
Aircraft operations other than scheduled flights
Matsumoto or in an emergency: On use of this airport, air-
2157′ RJAF MMJ +09:00 N36 10.0 E137 craft operator is required to obtain the prior per-
55.4 mission of the airport administrator.
Apt Administration 0263-58-2517; Fax Jet A-1.
0263-57-1553; matsukuuko@pref.nagano.jp. ABN.
Metabaru
HIRL. RAIL 18.
53′ RJDM Mil. +09:00 N33 19.5 E130 24.8
ATND SKD Mon-Sun 2330-0800.
04/22 2170′ TURF/CONC. SIWL 5.
F-3, Jet A.
JP-4.
ABN.
ABN. Fire U.
JAPAN
Miho see Yonago Miyazaki

19′ RJFM KMI +09:00 N31 52.6 E131 26.9
Minamidaito
159′ ROMD MMD +09:00 N25 50.8 E131
HIRL. HIALS 09.
15.8
ATND SKD 2230-1230.
09802-2-2063; g-kuukou@abelia.ocn.ne.jp. 100 octane, Jet A-1.
02/20 4921′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/B/Y/T. ABN. Fire 9.
ATND SKD 2300-0900. Monbetsu
Fire 4. 58′ RJEB MBE +09:00 N44 18.2 E143 24.2
Misawa (Misawa AB) Apt of Entry 14/32 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 58/F/D/X/T.
119′ RJSM MSJ Mil. +09:00 N40 42.2 E141
22.1 Usable area of PAPI of RWY14 is within 3.5
NM FM RWY 14 THR.
10/28 9999′ ASPH/CONC. DTW 384,
PCN 46/R/B/W/T, S 109. HIRL. HIALS. ATND SKD 0000-0800.
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. ABN. Fire 7.
ATND SKD H24. Nagasaki
8′ RJFU NGS +09:00 N32 55.0 E129 54.8
for additional information. Apt Administration 0957 (53) 6901, (53) 6151,
F-4, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen. 6152.
ABN. 14/32 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65/F/A/X/T.
HIRL. ALS 14. HIALS 32.
Miyake see Miyakejima
Customs: 2330Z - 0800Z SUN-FRI; 2330Z -
Miyakejima (Miyake) 0330Z FRI-SAT.
65′ RJTQ MYE +09:00 N34 04.4 E139 33.6 Caution: A portion of rwy 36 overrun is not visi-
02/20 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/C/Y/T. ble from the control tower.
HIRL. Transient aircraft and training ops PPR.
ATND SKD 0000-0800. Jet A-1.
ABN. ABN. Fire 9.
Miyako see Miyakojima Nagoya (Chubu Centrair International)

12′ RJGG NGO +09:00 N34 51.5 E136 48.3
Miyakojima (Miyako)
140′ ROMY MMY +09:00 N24 47.0 E125
0569-38-1510.
17.7
HIALS.
H24. Customs.
ATND SKD 2300-1030.
Traffic pattern altitude 1500ft (1488ft AGL) jet.
JP-1.
Traffic pattern altitude 1000ft (988ft AGL) pro-
ABN. Fire 8.
peller.
JAPAN
Jet A-1. Nakashibetsu

ABN. Fire 9. 214′ RJCN SHB +09:00 N43 34.6 E144 57.6
Nagoya
46′ RJNA NKM +09:00 N35 15.3 E136 55.5
Jet A-1.
ABN.
0568-29-1806.
16/34 8990′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 63/F/B/X/T. Nakatsu (Tsuiki)
HIRL. HIALS 16. HIALS 34. 55′ RJFZ +09:00 N33 41.1 E131 02.4
ATND SKD 2200-1300. 07/25 7874′ CONCRETE. S 55, DW 97.
Training flights are subject to the approval of ATND SKD H24.
the airport administrator. F-4, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen.
The use of Nagoya AP by transient ACFT shall ABN.
not be permitted without prior permission of
Nagoya administrator. Nanki-Shirahama
F-4, Jet A-1. 293′ RJBD SHM +09:00 N33 39.7 E135 21.9
ABN. Fire 6. 15/33 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 45/F/B/X/T.
ASDA 15 6103′. HIRL. RAILHIALS 15.
Naha Apt of Entry
ATND SKD 2330-1100 PPR.
11′ ROAH OKA +09:00 N26 11.7 E127 38.7
F-3, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 098 (857) 1101, 098 (857)
ABN.
1107 (ATS, AIS).
18/36 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 115/F/A/X/T. Narita Intl see Tokyo
New Chitose see Sapporo
Prior permission required. Niigata
Vessels going out and coming in Naha port 5′ RJSN KIJ +09:00 N37 57.3 E139 06.7
occasionally cross at Rwy 18 approach area. Apt Manager 025-271-9711,
When B744 is holding at the spot marking on 025-273-4567/5780.
Twy E0, E1 or E7, there are wing tip clearance 04/22 4311′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 14/F/C/Y/T.
limitations for acft taxiing on Twy A0 - A1 or A6 RL.
- A7 - For acft with wingspan less than or equal 10/28 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 91/F/C/X/T.
to 162' (49.4m), wingtip will clear B744 by HIRL. HIALS 10. HIALS 28.
greater than or equal to 49' (15m). For acft with
ATND SKD 2230-1130 UTC. Customs:
wingspan greater than 162' (49.4m) up to 218'
2330-0800 UTC, O/T on request.
(66.4m), wingtip will clear B744 by 21' (6.5m)
up to 49' (15m). For acft with wingspan greater PPR for transient aircraft operations.
than 218' (66.4m), wingtip will clear B744 by Boats will occasionally cross Rwy 10 approach
less than 21' (6.5m)). area. When this occurs, take-off/landing is
F-4, Jet A-1, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen. restricted by a 15 minute holding for Rwy 28
take-off and Rwy 10 landing. A Notam will be
ABN. Fire 9.
JAPAN
issued each time with height of boat and period Prior permission is required for all transient air-
of occurrence. craft due to parking congestion except sched-
PPR for foreign aircraft requiring refueling uled and/or emergency flights, contact airport
(except scheduled flights). administration.
100 octane, Jet A-1. Fueling available 2330-1130 UTC.
ABN.
Niijima
94′ RJAN +09:00 N34 22.2 E139 16.1 Odate-Noshiro
11/29 2625′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 10/F/B/Y/T. 276′ RJSR ONJ +09:00 N40 11.5 E140 22.3
ATND SKD 2330-0815; 20 Apr - 10 May, 15 Apt Manager 0186-63-1001.
Jul- 31 Aug, 2330-0730; 31 Aug- 20 Apr, 10 11/29 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 75/F/C/X/T.
May -15 Jul. HIRL. HIALS 11. HIALS 29.
ATND SKD 2300-1030.
Noto
ABN.
718′ RJNW NTQ +09:00 N37 17.6 E136
57.7 Oita
Apt Administration H24 0768-26-2100. 17′ RJFO OIT +09:00 N33 28.8 E131 44.2
07/25 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 53/F/B/X/T. 01/19 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 98/F/C/X/T.
HIRL. HIALS. HIALS 07. HIRL. HIALS 01. HIALS 19.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD 2230-1230.
ABN. Fire 7. Transient aircraft operators are required to
obtain the prior permission of the airport admin-
Nyutabaru
istrator in order to adjust the parking area.
259′ RJFN Mil. +09:00 N32 05.0 E131 27.1 Scheduled flights and aircraft experiencing an
10/28 8860′ CONCRETE. DT 322, SW 104, emergency are excepted from this requirement.
TRT 580, DW 223. HIRL. Jet A-1.
Rwy End (RW10): A-GEAR UNI DIR at thresh- ABN.
old.
Rwy End (RW28): A-GEAR UNI DIR at thresh- Ojika
old. A-GEAR BI DIR 1852'' AER. 25′ RJDO +09:00 N33 11.4 E129 05.4
F-4, JP-4. JASU. 03/21 2625′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-13.
ABN. ATND SKD 0000-0800 UTC.
Obihiro Okayama (Kohnan)

490′ RJCB OBO +09:00 N42 44.0 E143 13.0 1′ RJBK +09:00 N34 35.5 E133 56.0
Apt Administration 0155-64-5220; Fax Apt Administration 086-262-0954; Fax
0155-64-5349; airport@city.obihiro.hokkaido.jp. 086-262-5220; kounan@pref.okayama.lg.jp.
17/35 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 97/F/D/X/T. 09/27 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/D/X/T. HIRL.
HIRL. HIALS 35. ATND SKD 2330-0930.
ATND SKD 2300-1200. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
JAPAN
Okayama ATND SKD H24.

785′ RJOB OKJ +09:00 N34 45.4 E133 51.3 Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
07/25 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 63/F/B/X/T. for additional information.
HIRL. HIALS 07. F-5, JP-4, JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
ATND SKD 2200-1230. ABN.
Jet A-1.
Okushiri
ABN. Fire 9.
161′ RJEO OIR +09:00 N42 04.3 E139 26.0
Oki 13/31 4921′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 17/F/B/Y/T.
262′ RJNO OKI +09:00 N36 10.7 E133 19.4 HIRL.
Apt Administration 08512-2-0703; Fax ATND SKD 0000-0800Z.
08512-2-6250; okikukokanri@pref.shi- ABN. Fire U.
mane.lg.jp.
Ominato
HIRL. 24′ RJSO Mil. +09:00 N41 14.0 E141 07.9
ATND SKD 0000-0800. 04/22 1969′ CONCRETE. S 27. RL.
ABN. Fire 7. ATND SKD 2300 - 0800 Except FRI 0801-SUN
2259 and Holidays. Other times 1HR PNR.
Okinawa I (Futenma MCAS) Apt of Entry JP-5.
247′ ROTM Mil. +09:00 N26 16.5 E127 45.4 ABN.
06/24 9002′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 64/R/B/W/T.
HIRL. Omura
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. 19′ RJDU +09:00 N32 55.7 E129 56.0
Bi-dir A-gear 1407 ft AER 06 and 1153 ft AER 18/36 3937′ ASPH/CONC. SW 33, DW 37,
24. DT 53. HIRL.
ATND SKD 2200-1400 Mon-Sat, clsd Sun/Hol. JP-5.
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications ABN.
for additional information. Osaka (Kansai Intl) Apt of Entry
F-5, JP-4. O/R. JASU. Oxygen. 17′ RJBB KIX +09:00 N34 26.0 E135 14.0
ABN. Apt Administration 072-455-2221; Fax
Okinawa I (Kadena AB) Apt of Entry 072-455-2055; ops@nkiac.co.jp.
143′ RODN DNA Mil. +09:00 N26 06L/24R 13123′ ASPH/CONC.
21.3 E127 46.1 PCN 110/F/A/X/T. HIRL. HIALS.
05L/23R 12100′ ASPH/CONC. 06R/24L 11483′ ASPH/CONC.
PCN 43 R/B/W/T, T 120, ST 175, SBTT 665, PCN 110/F/B/X/T. HIRL. HIALS.
DDT 332, TT 500, TDT 770, S 120. ASDA 23R ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
13100′. HIRL. HIALS 05L. Jet A-1.
05R/23L 12100′ ASPH/CONC. ST 175, ABN. Fire 10.
SBTT 665, TT 500, TDT 770, PCN 35 F/B/W/T,
DDT 882, S 120, T 120. ASDA 05R 13100′. Osaka (Osaka Intl)
ASDA 23L 13100′. HIRL. 39′ RJOO ITM +09:00 N34 47.1 E135 26.3
JAPAN
Apt Administration 06-4865-9571; Fax Apt Administration Fax 0952-46-0153. Apt Man-
06-4865-9570; itm-ops@nkiac.co.jp. Apt Oper- ager 0952-46-0150.
ator (Ops) 06 (6843) 1124. 11/29 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 68/F/C/X/T.
14L/32R 5997′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 51/F/C/X/T. HIRL. HIALS 11. HIALS 29.
HIRL. ALS 14L. HIALS 32R. Jet A-1.
RW 14L: PAPI usable within approx 2.4 nm ABN. Fire 8.
from threshold (Hankyu railway), due to moun-
tain. Sapporo (Chitose)
14R/32L 9843′ ASPH/CONC. 89′ RJCJ Mil. +09:00 N42 47.7 E141 40.0
PCN 101/F/C/X/T. HIRL. RLLSALS 14R. HIALS 18L/36R 9843′ CONCRETE. DW 192, S 135,
32L. DT 445. HIRL. HIALS.
RW 14R: Two approach light beacons at 1870' 18R/36L 8858′ ASPH/CONC. DW 55, S 44.
and 3097' on CL. HIRL.
RW 14R: PAPI usable within approx 2.6 nm ATND SKD H24.
from threshold (Hankyu railway), due to moun- F-4, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen.
tain. ABN.
ATND SKD 2200-1200.
Sapporo (New Chitose) Apt of Entry
PPR for all non-scheduled operations. Fixed
70′ RJCC CTS +09:00 N42 46.5 E141 41.5
wing aircraft under 5700 kg (12,566lbs) MTOW
are generally not permitted. Apt Administration 0123 (23) 4102/4103.
Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. 01L/19R 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 97/F/C/X/T.
ABN. Fire 9. HIRL. HIALS 01L. HIALS 19R.
01R/19L 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 88/F/B/X/T.
Oshima HIRL. HIALS 01R.
124′ RJTO OIM +09:00 N34 46.9 E139 21.6 ATND SKD H24. Customs: 2330-0800.
Apt Administration 04992-2-1400. While taxiing on apron, follow yellow guidelines
03/21 5906′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 35/F/C/X/T. strictly. In addition, taxi behind the spot from
HIRL. RAILHIALS 03. 63-68, 90 and 91, to clear other acft or obsta-
ATND SKD 2330-0730. cles. Acft with wingspan of 180' (55 M) or
ABN. greater shall reduce taxi speed and follow the
taxiway centerline strictly.
Ozuki see Shimonoseki For noise restrictions see Sapporo 10-4.
Rishiri Jet A, Jet A-1.
99′ RJER RIS +09:00 N45 14.5 E141 11.2 ABN. Fire 9.
07/25 5905′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 50/F/B/X/T. Sapporo
HIRL. RAILHIALS 25.
26′ RJCO OKD +09:00 N43 07.0 E141 22.9
ATND SKD 0000-0800.
14/32 4921′ ASPHALT. S 44, DW 55. HIRL.
ABN.
Saga F-4, JP-4, JP-1.
6′ RJFS HSG +09:00 N33 09.0 E130 18.1 ABN.
JAPAN
Sendai 12/30 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 66/F/B/X/T.

6′ RJSS SDJ +09:00 N38 08.4 E140 55.0 HIRL. HIALS 30.
Apt Administration 022 (383) 1301, 1211-2. ATND SKD 2230-1130. Customs: On Request.
09/27 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 75/F/B/X/T. Aircraft operations other than scheduled flights
HIRL. ALS 09. HIALS 27. or in an emergency are restricted. On use of
12/30 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 13/F/C/Y/T. this airport aircraft operator is required to notify
HIRL. the airport administrator in advance.
ATND SKD 2230-1230 Z. Customs: 2330-0800 Noise abatement operating procedures: For all
Z. jet aircraft in order to reduce aircraft noise in
the vicinity of the airport, the following proce-
Local flying restrictions: Aircraft operations,
dures shall be applied unless compliance of the
other than scheduled or in emergency. When
procedures adversely affects the safety of air-
using this airport, aircraft operators are required
craft operations. In the case that the aircraft is
to obtain prior permission of the airport adminis-
unable to take these procedures, pilots should
trator in order to allocate appropriate parking
execute alternative procedures which are con-
area.
sidered to be practically equivalent. 1) For take-
F-4, Jet A-1, JP-1. off from runway 12/30: Steepest climb proce-
Fire 9. dure. 2) For landing to runway 12/30: Reduced
flap setting procedure.
Shimofusa see Matsudo
VFR aircraft departing from/arriving at Shizuoka
Shimojishima Airport is primarily requested to fly as LDG
25′ RORS SHI +09:00 N24 49.6 E125 08.7 chart due to avoid congestion with traffic of Shi-
17/35 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 77/F/B/X/T. zuahama AD. VFR aircraft should utilize South-
HIRL. HIALS. traffic pattern except helicopter.If helicopter uti-
lize the North-traffic pattern please make sure
ABN. Fire 9.
to keep out ofthe Shizuhama CTR.
Shimonoseki (Ozuki) JET A-1: On request, TEL: 0548-29-2852 (at
13′ RJOZ Mil. +09:00 N34 02.8 E131 03.1 least 1 day prior to arrival at airport).
12/30 2953′ CONCRETE. S 28. HIRL. AVGAS: Ask, TEL: 0548-29-2010 (at least 3
17/35 3937′ ASPH/CONC. S 28. HIRL. days prior to arrival at airport).
ATND SKD 2200-0800 Mon-Fri, exc hol, O/T 1 F-3, Jet A-1.
hr PN. ABN. Fire 9.
F-4. Shonai
ABN. 72′ RJSY SYO +09:00 N38 48.7 E139 47.2
Shizuhama see Yaizu 09/27 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 58/F/C/X/T.
Shizuoka ATND SKD 2200-1300.
433′ RJNS FSZ +09:00 N34 47.8 E138 11.4 Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 0548-29-2201, ABN.
0548-29-2210; Fax 0548-29-2009. Prior Notice
0548-29-2400.
JAPAN
Tachikawa 13/31 4921′ ASPH/CONC. SIWL 19.

313′ RJTC +09:00 N35 42.6 E139 24.2 ATND SKD 2300-0800 Mon-Fri, 2300-0300
01/19 2953′ ASPH/CONC. S 17, T 24, TT 35. Sat, other times 1 hr PN.
RL. JP-4.
ATND SKD 2330-0800Z Other times 1 hr prior ABN.
notice.
Tokunoshima
JP-4.
8′ RJKN TKN +09:00 N27 50.2 E128 52.9
ABN. Fire U.
Tajima HIRL. RAILHIALS 19.
578′ RJBT TJH +09:00 N35 30.8 E134 47.2 ATND SKD 2330-0930.
01/19 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/B/Y/T. JP-1.
RL. ALS. Pilot Controlled Lighting. ABN.
ATND SKD 2330-0930.
Tokushima
F-4, Jet A-1.
37′ RJOS TKS +09:00 N34 07.9 E134 36.5
ABN.
11/29 8202′ ASPH/CONC. DW 209, DTW 304,
Takamatsu S 119. HIRL.
607′ RJOT TAK +09:00 N34 12.8 E134 00.9 ATND SKD 2230-1130 Civil, H-24 Military. Prior
08/26 8203′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 59/F/A/X/T. permission required.
HIRL. HIALS 08. HIALS 26. Jet A-1 fuel civil aircraft only, JP-5 JSDF only.
ATND SKD 2230-1230. Jet A-1, JP-5.
F-4, J, JP-1. ABN.
ABN. Fire 9.
Tokyo (Narita Intl) Apt of Entry
Tanegashima 135′ RJAA NRT +09:00 N35 45.9 E140 23.1
768′ RJFG TNE +09:00 N30 36.3 E130 59.5 Apt Administration 0476 (34) 5635,
Apt Administration 0997-27-5111; Fax 0476-32-6410, 0476-32-6411; Fax
0997-27-7373; tane-kanri@ever.ocn.ne.jp. 0476-30-1577.
13/31 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/A/X/T. 16L/34R 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 129/F/C/X/T.
HIRL. HIALS 13. HIALS 31. HIRL. HIALS.
Jet A-1, Fuel: U. 16R/34L 13123′ ASPHALT. PCN 140/F/C/X/T.
ABN. Fire 7. HIRL. HIALS 16R. HIALS 34L.
Tarama Jet A-1. Oxygen.
34′ RORT TRA +09:00 N24 39.2 E124 40.5 ABN. Fire 10.
18/36 4921′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 16/F/B/Y/T.
ATND SKD 2300-0930Z. Tokyo (Tokyo (Haneda) Intl) Apt of Entry
Fire 4. 21′ RJTT HND +09:00 N35 33.2 E139 46.9
Apt Administration 03 (5757) 3000, (5756)
Tokachi 1530, 1531 (AIS), 1532.
281′ RJCT +09:00 N42 53.4 E143 09.5
JAPAN
04/22 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 85/F/B/X/T. Jet A-1.

HIRL. HIALS 22. ABN.
HIRL. HIALS 23. Rwy 05 Landing not allowed. Tsuiki see Nakatsu
16L/34R 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 95/F/B/X/T. Tsushima
HIRL. ALS 16L. HIALS 34R. 207′ RJDT TSJ +09:00 N34 17.1 E129 19.8
16R/34L 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 85/F/B/X/T. 14/32 6234′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 61/F/A/X/T.
HIRL. ALS 16R. HIALS 34L. HIRL. ALS.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. ATND SKD 2230-1130.
ate flight course to avoid Kawasaki Petrochemi- Jet A-1.
cal Complex.
ABN.
Birds in vicinity o
Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. Ube (Yamaguchi-Ube)
ABN. Fire 9. 15′ RJDC UBJ +09:00 N33 55.8 E131 16.7
Tokyo (Yokota AB) Apt of Entry HIRL. HIALS 07. HIALS 25.
462′ RJTY OKO Mil. +09:00 N35 44.9 E139 ATND SKD 2230-1230.
20.9
Jet A-1.
18/36 10999′ CONCRETE. PCN 60/R/C/W/T.
ABN.
HIRL. HIALS.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: Customs available Utsunomiya
between 1300-2000Z daily with 4 hours prior 334′ RJTU QUT +09:00 N36 30.9 E139 52.2
notice. 01/19 5577′ CONCRETE. S 28. HIRL.
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications ATND SKD 2330-0800Z Mon-Fri except holi-
for additional information. days, other times 1 hr prior notice.
JP-4. JASU. Oxygen. Lighted obstructions 1.1 NM NNW of approach
ABN. end rwy 19.
Tottori JP-4.
48′ RJOR TTJ +09:00 N35 31.8 E134 09.9 ABN.
10/28 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 48/F/B/X/T. Wakkanai
HIRL. HIALS 10. 27′ RJCW WKJ +09:00 N45 24.3 E141 48.1
ATND SKD 2200-1230. 08/26 7218′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 58/F/C/X/T.
Jet A-1. HIRL. HIALS 08.
ABN. Jet A-1.
Toyama ABN.
77′ RJNT TOY +09:00 N36 38.9 E137 11.2 Yaizu (Shizuhama)
02/20 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/A/X/T. 23′ RJNY +09:00 N34 48.8 E138 17.9
HIRL. RAIL 20. 09/27 4921′ ASPHALT. S 28. RL.
ATND SKD 2230-1130.
JAPAN
ATND SKD 2200-1000 Other times 1 Hr. prior ATND SKD H24. Customs: On Request
notice. Jet A-1, JP-4.
Prior notice for refueling on Sat, Sun and Holi- ABN.
days.
JP-4. Yonaguni I (Yonaguni)
ABN. 49′ ROYN OGN +09:00 N24 28.0 E122 58.8
Yakushima HIRL. RAILHIALS 26.
122′ RJFC KUM +09:00 N30 23.1 E130 39.5 ATND SKD 2300-1030 UTC.
Apt Administration 0997-43-5031. Chimney 156ft located 0.5mi east of rwy26
14/32 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 18/F/B/Y/T. HIRL. threshold.
ATND SKD 2330-0930. Fire 6.
ABN. Fire 3.
Yoron
Yamagata 47′ RORY RNJ +09:00 N27 02.6 E128 24.1
345′ RJSC GAJ +09:00 N38 24.7 E140 22.3 Apt Administration 0997-97-3465.
01/19 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 58/F/C/X/T. 14/32 3937′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 18/F/D/Y/T.
HIRL. HIALS 01. HIALS 19. ATND SKD 2330-0930 1 Apr-30 Sep,
ATND SKD 2300-1030. Customs: O/R. 2330-0830 1 Oct-30 Mar.
F-4, Jet A-1. Fire 5.
ABN. Fire 7.
Yamaguchi-Ube see Ube
Yao
33′ RJOY +09:00 N34 35.8 E135 36.0
09/27 4888′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/C/Y/T.
HIRL.
13/31 3937′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-13.
ATND SKD 2300-1030.
CAUTION: Holes and cracks rwy 13/31.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN.
Yokota AB see Tokyo
Yonago (Miho)
13′ RJOH YGJ +09:00 N35 29.6 E133 14.3
Apt Administration 0859(45)6114; Fax
0859(47)2050.
07/25 8202′ ASPH/CONC. D-196, DT 386,
TRT 478, S 181. HIRL. HIALS 25.
KIRIBATI
Butaritari Fire U.
5′ NGTU BBG +12:00 N03 05.0 E172 49.0
06/24 3498′ CORAL. LCN 30.
Fire U.
Canton I (Canton Afld)

9′ PCIS CIS +14:00 S02 46.2 W171 42.8
09/27 6158′ ASPHALT. C5A CAPA-
BILTY 590000 LB.
Fire U.
Christmas I (Cassidy Intl)

5′ PLCH CXI +14:00 N01 59.2 W157 21.0
Apt Administration 686-26 469; Fax 686-81004.
08/26 6896′ ASPHALT. PCN 48/F/B/X/T. TODA
08 7388′. TODA 26 7388′. RL.
ATND SKD SR-SS 72 hrs prior notice for non-
scheduled flights. Customs.
CAUTION: 149.3' mast 2 NM SW of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 5.
Palmyra Is (Palmyra)
5′ PLPA -11:00 N05 53.0 W162 04.0
06/24 6000′ ASPHALT.
Fire U.
Tarawa I (Bonriki Intl) Apt of Entry

4′ NGTA TRW +12:00 N01 22.9 E173 08.8
28280.
09/27 6598′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/B/X/T. LDA
27 6336′. TODA 09 6795′. TODA 27 7090′.
09.
ATND SKD 2000-0430 Mon-Fri, 2000-0015 Sat
Other times 24 hrs prior notice. Day operation
only. Customs.
Airport operating but caution advise due all air-
craft intending to land are to make an overhead
joining procedure.
F-4, Jet A-1.
NAURU
Nauru I, Nauru (Nauru Intl) Apt of Entry

22′ ANYN INU +12:00 S00 32.8 E166 55.0
Apt Administration 674-444 3113, 444 3073;
Fax 674-444 3117.
12/30 7054′ BITUMEN. PCN 40/F/A/W/T.
TORA 12 6660′. TORA 30 6660′. LDA 12 6660′.
LDA 30 6562′. ASDA 12 6759′. ASDA 30 6759′.
HIRL.
Customs.
CAUTION: Flocks of frigate birds occasionally
drift into the apch and tkof climb path of rwy 12.
Jet A-1. O/R.
ABN. Fire 5.
Cook Is taneous dual circuits in use providing no non-

traffic side.
Atiu, Cook Is (Enua)
F-4, Jet A-1.
36′ NCAT -10:00 S19 58.0 W158 07.5
Fire 1.
09/27 3937′ CORAL. ESWL 45. Ashburton
ATND SKD MON - FRI 0800-1600 (Except 298′ NZAS ASG +12:00* S43 54.2 E171
public holidays). 47.8
Rarotonga I (Rarotonga Intl) 1836.
19′ NCRG RAR -10:00 S21 12.0 W159 47.7 02/20 2943′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 02 2175′.
Apt Administration Fax 682-21 890; jnga- LDA 20 2188′.
mata@airport.gov.ck. 06/24 4554′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 06 3386′.
08/26 7638′ CONCRETE. PCN 54/R/B/W/T. LDA 24 4160′.
TORA 08 7467′. TORA 26 7539′. LDA 08 7067′. 11/29 3360′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 11 2920′.
LDA 26 7198′. TODA 08 7667′. TODA 26 7739′. LDA 29 2946′.
ASDA 08 7467′. ASDA 26 7539′. HIRL.
16/34 3543′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 16 3071′.
Rwy 26 Right-Hand Circuit. LDA 34 3064′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ATND SKD Opr HS by NOTAM O/T PPR. Cus- ATND SKD Unattended.
toms: 0800-1600 Mon-Fri
Parachute dropping zone established over the
CAUTION: During night ops; high intensity flood airport. Surface to 9500 ft AMSL.
lights at stadium, approx 3000 ft S of runway.
CAUTION: Bird hazard.
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
F-3.
ABN. Fire 8.
Fire U.
New Zealand Auckland (Ardmore)
Alexandra 111′ NZAR AMZ +12:00* S37 01.8 E174
58.4
752′ NZLX ALR +12:00* S45 12.7 E169 22.4
6213.
9359.
03/21 4630′ BITUMEN. PCN 14/F/D/X/T. TORA
01/19 2139′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 01 1903′.
03 4262′. TORA 21 4285′. LDA 03 4285′. LDA
14/32 3937′ BITUMEN. ESWL 20, 21 4262′. TODA 03 4262′. TODA 21 4285′. RL.
PCN 15/F/B/Y/U. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ATND SKD Unattended. 03/21 1699′ TURF. ESWL 3.
Gliding operations may take place particularly Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit.
during weekends and public holidays.
07/25 1959′ TURF. ESWL 3.
Where practicable, all pilots should avoid using
overhead joining procedure at Alexandra aero-
drome when gliding is in operation due to simul- CAUTION: Hills rising to 900 ft MSL to south-
east of aerodrome, without obstruction lights.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. beyond the stop bar northof Stand 48 unless
CAUTION: Twy parallel to grass Rwy 07/25 not written permission has been obtained from the
to be used for take-off or landing (can be mis- operator.
taken for rwy).CAUTION: High tension trans- Taxiway D1 and Taxiway D2 limited to aircraft
mission lines across the Clevedon Valley 2.7 of less than 118' (36m) wingspan except that
NM northeast RWY 21 threshold up to 230 ft Taxiway D1 can be used by all aircraft entering
AGL and adjacent hills (497 ft AMSL at Brookby or leaving Taxiway D, only when Taxiway D2 is
and 861 ft AMSL east of Waterworks). unused.
Traffic Pattern Altitude: Taxiway D3 limited to aircraft under 132,277 lbs
Airplanes: Day not below 1100' MSL. Night not (60,000 kg). Closed to aircraft over 118' (36m)
below 1300' MSL. wingspan.
Helicopters: Day not above 800' MSL. Night not Taxiway D, D3, and D4closed when stands 93,
above 1000' MSL. 94, and 95 are in use. Promulgated by NOTAM.
F-2, F-4. Twy D1 and D2 limited to aircraft of less than
Fire 1. 118' (36m) wingspan except that taxiway
D1can be used by all aircraft entering or leaving
Auckland (Auckland Intl) Apt of Entry taxiway D, only when taxiway D2is unused.
23′ NZAA AKL +12:00* S37 00.5 E174 47.5 Taxiway D4 closed when A380 aircraft parked
Apt Administration 09 256 8992; Fax 09 256 on stand 84.
8172. A380 Operations: A380 aircraft entering or
05R/23L 11598′ CONCRETE. vacating Runway 05R/23L should use taxiway
PCN 120/R/D/W/T. LDA 05R 10796′. TODA A1Aor taxiway A10. Twy A9 may be used with
05R 12297′. TODA 23L 12582′. HIRL. HIALS. prior notice. Holding positions on taxiway A1A
Rwy 05R Right-Hand Circuit. to taxiway A10 inclusive are not available
during A380 take-offs or landings. When an
A380 is on taxiway A between B2 and J a code
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. E aircraft can operate on taxiway B. An A380
CAUTION: Non-standard markings on taxiway can hold on D8 while a Code E aircraft is using
A. K. A Code E aircraft can hold on D8 while an
Taxiway B between taxiway D8 and taxiway B9 A38
closed when stands 87-89 are in use. Promul- For noise restrictions, see Auckland 10-4.
gated by NOTAM. Unless otherwise instructed, ATC circuit alti-
Taxiway B closed between taxiway D4 and twy tudes are:
J when A380 aircraft parked on stand 84. 1500' (1477') Heavy jets
Taxiway C1 limited to aircraft up to 145,505 lbs 1000' (977') All other aircraft
(66,000 kg).
Wide body aircraft exiting Rwy 05R/23L via
Taxiway C2, Taxiway C3 and centerline of TWY A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and A8 must use rapid
apron limited to aircraft not exceeding 128' exit taxiways. Hard left or hard right turns off
(39m) wingspan. Elsewhere on apron limited to RWY 05R/23L are not available.
aircraft not exceeding 46' (14.1m) wingspan.
TWY B4 and B5 are not available to Boeing
Taxiway C5 limited to aircraft of less than 118' 777-300, Airbus A340-500 andA340-600 air-
(36m) wingspan. Aircraft may not proceed north craft. All other code E aircraft are advised to
exercise caution and use judgemental over- Circuit:

steering as less than the advised ICAO recom- Rwy 03, 26, Grass 08- Left hand.
mended clearance between outer main wheels Rwy 08, 21, Grass 26- Right hand.
and pavement edge is available.
Extensive glider operations in vicinity of airport
. up to 3500' within G159 during weekend and
100 octane, Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen. holidays.
ABN. Fire 9. When glider operations take place, light aircraft
operating under watch of the Aviation Sports
Auckland (Whenuapai (Military))
Club will make their circuits on Rwy 08/26 and
103′ NZWP Mil. +12:00* S36 47.3 E174 37.8 03/21 to the south of the airport to avoid conflict
Apt Administration 09 417 7440; Fax 09 417 with the glider circuit.
7445. F-3, Jet A-1+, J.
03/21 6663′ BITUMEN. PCN 65/F/D/X/T. ABN. Fire 7.
HIRL. HIALS.
Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit. Blenheim (Omaka)
08/26 5188′ CONCRETE. PCN 40/R/D/W/U. 100′ NZOM +12:00* S41 32.4 E173 55.3
HIRL. ALS 08. ALS 26. Apt Administration 03 578 5073; Fax 03 578
08/26 2789′ GRASS. ESWL 20. 01/19 3291′ GRASS. ESWL 20. LDA 19 3186′.
Customs: By prior arrangement. 07/25 2267′ GRASS. ESWL 20.
CAUTION: Sodium street lights on bridge 2NM Rwy 07 Right-Hand Circuit.
east of aerodrome could be confusedwith rwy 12/30 3278′ GRASS. ESWL 20.
lights. Rwy 12 Right-Hand Circuit.
Outside Whenuapai tower hours of operation, Gliding operations may take place particularly
clearance to enter M107 required from RNZAF during weekends and public holidays.
base operations tel (09) 417 7442. Sheep grazing late evening until early morning.
Engine failure ontake-off Rwy 03 & 08: turn Requirement: Aircraft operating within the
right 5°. Omaka circuit are to restrict their operations to
Model aircraft flying may take place on Sunday within Omaka VFR Transit Lane (T658, refer
mornings and occasionally at other times sub- Omaka/Woodbourne Vicinity chart) unless oth-
ject to prior approval. erwise cleared by Woodbourne Tower. By
Extensive glider activities including winch night, when Woodbourne Tower is on watch, an
launching and aero-towing take place at Whe- ATC clearance is required for all operations.
nuapai aerodrome up to 3500' and within G159 Briefing available from Woodbourne Tower
during weekends and public holidays. Limited repairs
MET balloons released daily. F-3, Jet A-1.
Silmultaneous parallel operations between
Rwy03/21 and helicopters operating at PAD 3 Blenheim (Woodbourne (Military))
are approved in VFR conditions and when ATC 109′ NZWB BHE +12:00* S41 31.1 E173
is on duty. 52.2
Apt Administration 03-579-4351. Apt Administration 03 305 0066; Fax 03 305

06/24 4676′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/B/X/T. 0248.
RL. ALS. LDIN 06. 05/23 4462′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/B/Y/T. RL.
Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CAUTION: Magnetic anomalies consistent with ATND SKD 48 hrs PPR.
reinforced steel have been detectedin sealed Airport available for limited use with prior
rwy 06/24 threshold/end concrete turning bays. request at least 48 hours prior touse.
Aircraft holding for more than 20 seconds may Fire 2.
experience temporary HSI/compass unlock.
06/24 4676′ TURF. ESWL 20. Christchurch (Christchurch Intl) Apt of
Entry
123′ NZCH CHC +12:00* S43 29.4 E172
10/28 3878′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 28 3780′.
32.1
0650-2030 MON-WED 0650-2050 THU-FRI 7730.
0710-1915 SAT 0800-2030 SUN.
02/20 10787′ BITUMEN. PCN 60/F/B/X/U.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. TODA 02 11640′. TODA 20 10984′. HIRL. ALS.
RNZAF Skyhawk test flying may close Rwy 20 Right-Hand Circuit.
rwy07/25 for 90 minute periods, advised by
02/20 1690′ GRASS. ESWL 4.
Notam. Contact Woodbourne ATC for further
information. 11/29 5712′ BITUMEN. PCN 40/F/A/X/T. TORA
29 5587′. LDA 11 5587′. LDA 29 5587′. TODA
CAUTION: Omaka VFR Transit Lane (T658)
11 5909′. TODA 29 5784′. ASDA 29 5587′.
located 0.9 NM south of the Woodbourne WRY
RL. ALS.
06 departure track and RWY 24 final approach
track Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit.
Simultaneous operations on parallel paved and ATND SKD H24. Customs.
grass rwys permitted only for acft 5700 kg or CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
less when visibility is at least 5 km and ATC is Arriving Aircraft:
on duty. When contacting Ground advise intended stand
IFR departures from Woodbourne must obtain number of location or aerodrome.
clearance from Christchurch Control 129.4 'Follow Me' service available on request. Con-
MHz. tact Tower.
Aircraft with MTOW in excess of 66139lbs Aircraft making an overshoot or go-around or
(30000kg) turning on the sealed runway are missed approach off
restricted to turning on the concrete pads within main RWY02/20, in VMC, should maintain a
98' (30m) of the runway ends. track on or east of the runway
100 octane, Jet A-1. centreline due to potential grass runway traffic.
ABN. Fire 4. Because of simultaneous operations on the
Chatham Is (Chatham Is/Tuuta) main RWY02/20
43′ NZCI CHT +12:45* S43 48.6 W176 27.4 aircraft taking off or overshooting must not con-
verge towards the main
runwav. Passing 420ft AMSL aircraft are to Caution: Vehicles cross runway,approximately
commence a turn to diverge 492' (150m) from threshold Rwy 02, without
away from the main runway by at least 10 deg, warning.
then fly a square crosswind. Caution: Blowcarts (land yachts) may be oper-
The turn is not required if ATC confirm on ating, particularly on weekends and public holi-
departure a non-standard turn days. Blowcarts will vacate as required.
towards the main runway. Caution: Mowing of runways and operational
Grass Rwy 02/20 aircraft after landing shallturn areas may take place at any time.
left to vacate the runway unless otherwise F-3.
instructed by ATC.
Dargaville
Circuit altitudes unless otherwise instructed by
6′ NZDA +12:00* S35 56.4 E173 53.6
ATC:
Aeroclub 09-439-8024; Mobile (027) 478-4308;
900' (777') using grass runway.
Fax 09-439-6369.
1500' (1377') using sealed runways.
04/22 3281′ GRASS. ESWL 6. LDA 04 3025′.
VFR circuit traffic is required to maintain an
approach speed to sealed runways of not less
than 90Kt IAS when above400' AMSL. 04/22 3281′ LIMESTONE. ESWL 6. LDA 04
3025′.
ABN. Fire 8.
ATND SKD HJ.
Cromwell F-3.
1038′ NZCW +12:00* S44 58.8 E169 13.1
Dunedin
Apt Manager (03) 445 1272; smallburn-
farm@xtra.co.nz. 4′ NZDN DUD +12:00* S45 55.7 E170 11.9
18/36 5085′ GRASS. ESWL 9. Apt Administration 03 358 1694, 03 486 2879;
Fax 03 486 2813.
ATND SKD Unattended.
03/21 6234′ BITUMEN. PCN 60 F/D/W/T.
PPR
TODA 03 6430′. TODA 21 6430′. HIRL. ALS.
CAUTION - Cromwell Racecourse AD 4nm to
south.
Customs: 1.5 hours prior to any international
Dannevirke arrival and 0.5 hours after any international
635′ NZDV +12:00* S40 13.7 E176 04.7 departure.
Apt Manager Tel (06) 374 4080 Fax (06) 374 CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
4137. All jet acft Code C and above must use the
02/20 3937′ GRASS. ESWL 18. TORA 02 turning nodes at Rwy 03/21 thresholds for turn-
3576′. LDA 20 3576′. TODA 02 3576′. ing.
08/26 2283′ GRASS. ESWL 8. TORA 08 2021′. Fire Fighting category 6 during ATS hours of
TORA 26 1791′. LDA 08 1791′. LDA 26 2021′. service. Category 7 available by prior arrange-
TODA 08 2021′. TODA 26 1791′. ment with Airport Operations Manager.
Hay cropped in areas other than runways. F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 6.
Feilding Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit.

214′ NZFI +12:00* S40 15.3 E175 36.3 14/32 2461′ TURF. ESWL 4. LDA 32 1808′.
Apt Administration (027) 443 8371. Apt Opera- TODA 14 1808′.
tor (06) 323-6240; Fax (06) 323-7935. Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit.
10/28 3379′ BITUMEN. ESWL 2. LDA 10 3051′. 0625-2035 MON-FRI 0655-1930 SAT
TODA 28 3051′. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 0655-2015 SUN.
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. Airport available for general use without prior
ATND SKD HJ. permission from operator.
Circuit Altitude : 1100 ft AMSL Joining Altitude : Caution: Bird hazard. Birds continually present.
1500ft AMSL Fire U.
Intensivegliding operations may take place par-
Glentanner
ticularly during weekends and public holidays.
1777′ NZGT GTN +12:00* S43 54.5 E170
Agricultural aircraft operate from the aerodrome
07.7
from time to time, usually taking off on RWY 10
and landing on RWY 28. They approach and Apt Administration 03 435 1855; Fax 03 435
depart low level. 1854.
F-3. 15/33 3451′ BITUMEN. ESWL 21.
Foxpine Take-offs and landings confined to sealed rwy
36′ NZFP +12:00* S40 27.4 E175 16.2 only.
Apt Manager (06) 363 7909; Mobile 021 429 Stock grazed occasionally. Pilots to check
931; j.lester@xtra.co.nz. status before planned use.
09/27 3330′ GRASS. ESWL 20. TORA 09 CAUTION: Severe turbulence may be experi-
2756′. LDA 27 2756′. TODA 09 2756′. enced in strong wind conditions.
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. Available for limited use subject to prior agree-
Extensive microlight activity. ment of operator.
100 octane.
Gore
Gisborne 198′ NZGC +12:00* S46 09.4 E168 53.9
15′ NZGS GIS +12:00* S38 39.8 E177 58.7 Apt Manager 03-209-0330; Fax 03-209-0357.
Apt Administration (06) 867 2049; Fax (06) 867 01/19 4206′ GRASS. ESWL 14.
8076. Apt Manager (06) 868 7951, (025) 280 06/24 2031′ GRASS. ESWL 2. TORA 06 1919′.
5049; Fax (06) 868 7952. TORA 24 1942′. LDA 06 1942′. LDA 24 1919′.
03/21 3839′ TURF. ESWL 13. LDA 21 3419′. TODA 06 1919′. TODA 24 1942′.
TODA 03 3419′. 12/30 1765′ GRASS. ESWL 2. TORA 12 1516′.
Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit. TORA 30 1699′. LDA 12 1699′. LDA 30 1516′.
09/27 3848′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 27 3408′. TODA 12 1516′. TODA 30 1699′.
TODA 09 3408′. Sheep grazing.
Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit. Taxiing to be confined to taxiway and runways
14/32 4298′ BITUMEN. PCN 20/F/B/Y/T. LDA only.
14 2848′. TODA 14 2549′. RL. ALS.
Fuel: Avgas 100, Swopecard Air BP Jet A1 CAUTION: Strong turbulence/downdraughts in

Swipecard Air BP lee of hills to the north of Greymouth in fresh to
Repairs: Phoenix Aviation Maintenance Tel (03) strong easterly winds.
208 6651 or 027 433 9828 Bird hazard.
F-3. Microlight and model aircraft operations.
Fuel: U.
Great Barrier
21′ NZGB GBZ +12:00* S36 14.5 E175 28.3 Hamilton
Apt Administration 09 429 0258, AH 027 674 172′ NZHN HLZ +12:00* S37 52.0 E175
9451; Fax 09 429 0379. H24 (111) OR (09) 42920.1
0343. Apt Administration 027 496 1750, 07 848 9027;
06/24 2034′ GRASS. ESWL 3. Fax 07 843 3627.
10/28 3051′ GRASS. ESWL 3. Pilot Controlled 07L/25R 2362′ GRASS. ESWL 9.
Lighting. Rwy 25R Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. 07R/25L 2142′ GRASS. ESWL 9.
CAUTION: Severe windshear short final rwys Rwy 07R Right-Hand Circuit.
24 and 28 in strong SW winds. 18L/36R 6755′ BITUMEN. PCN 45/F/C/X/T.
Simultaneous operations on coincidental paved
TODA 18L 6952′. TODA 36R 6952′. MIRL. ALS
and grass RWYs prohibited. 18L.
LandingRWY 06/04. Raised camber on sealed 18R/36L 2133′ GRASS. ESWL 3.
taxiways crossing runway. Customs: Available for all intl flights with prior
Fire station and emergency helicopter fuel notification of the aerodrome operator.
depot. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Wild pigs and birds on aerodrome at times. In Westerly winds severe turbulence andwind
Parkingis prohibited on the thresholds of rwys
shear conditions often exist close to the thresh-
24 and 28. old of RWY's 25L/25R.
Avoid prolonged parking in the passenger setExtensive lucerne (alfalfa) harvesting. Ground
down area. movements restricted to close mown areas.
Threshold rwy 06 and maneuvering area adja- For remote control of lighting contact the aero-
cent terminal building soft patches and uneven
drome operator Tel 027 4961750.
surface. 'Follow Me' service available on request from
Commercial operations require prior approvalTower.
from the operator. Parking of generalaviation aircraft on the east-
Greymouth ern terminal apron or adjacent grass is prohibi-
tedwithout prior authorization of the airport
14′ NZGM +12:00* S42 27.7 E171 11.4
company.
Aircraft parking on grass areas adjacent to the
1710.
eastern terminal apron are requested to park
01/19 3579′ BITUMEN. LCN 12. LDA 01 2533′. well clear ofthe apron in order to provide wing-
LDA 19 2631′. ASDA 01 2631′. ASDA 19 2631′. tip clearance and protection from pontential jet/
Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit. prop blast from aircraft using the apron.
Operators using air ambulance park area on Where practicable, pilots should avoid using the
the western taxiway are not to park in such a standard overhead joining procedure during gli-
way as to prevent aircraft taxiway access to dingand parachuting operations.
hangars located on the western side of the air Glider operations prohibited on RWY 11.
ambulance park area. Refer Hamilton Ground Pilots ofNORDO aircraft should phone the aero-
Movements (1) chart. drome operator prior to operating at Hastings
All jet aircraft Code C andabove, should use aerodrome for traffic information and to advise
turning nodes where practicable. Turning nodes intentions.
are located atthreshold of RWY 36R and 235m Powered aircraft in circut to give way to gliders,
south of threshold RWY 18L. balloons and parachutes.
When ATC is on watch, unless otherwise While gliding is in progress, pilots of powered
instructed, circuit altitudes are: aircraft should avoid using the overhead join
1372'(1200') Fixed Wing. procedure at Hastings aerodrome due to the
872' (700') Helicopers. simultaneous dual circutsin use, providing no
ARFF non-traffic side.
Category 7 available at 30 minutes' notice. F-4, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1. Hokitika
ABN. Fire 5 Category 7 available with 30 min 153′ NZHK HKK +12:00* S42 42.8 E170
notice. 59.1
Hastings Apt Administration 03 755 6318.
72′ NZHS +12:00* S39 38.8 E176 46.0 03/21 4045′ BITU/SLD. PCN 20/F/A/X/T. LDA
Apt Administration (06) 879 8466 or (06) 876 03 3780′. LDA 21 3780′. TODA 03 4242′. TODA
8654 (after hours); Fax (06) 879 9805. 21 4242′. RL.
01/19 3527′ BITU/TURF. AUW-13. LDA 01 Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit.
3127′. RL. 13/31 3858′ BITU/SLD. PCN 20/F/A/X/T. RL.
01/19 2887′ TURF. ESWL 4. LDA 01 2588′. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit. Model aircraft flying may take place.
11/29 1798′ TURF. ESWL 4. LDA 11 1404′. Microlight aircraft operations. Circuitheight 500ft
LDA 29 1572′. AGL.
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. F-2, F-4.
Available for general use subject to prior agree- Fire 1.
ment of the operator.
Invercargill
Prior tojoining monitor the Hastings AWIB.
5′ NZNV IVC +12:00* S46 24.9 E168 19.2
Grass surface rough and undulating in places.
Apt Administration 03 214 0571, 03 218 6366,
Microlight activities may take place. Intensive
03 218 6367; Fax 03 218 6939.
gliding and parachuting may take place particu-
larly during weekends and public holidays. 04/22 7251′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/B/X/T. LDA
04 6824′. LDA 22 6693′. TODA 04 6946′. TODA
22 7021′. ASDA 04 7087′. MIRL. ALS.
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. Caution: Skydiving operations at times from alti-

04/22 2346′ TURF. ESWL 13. LDA 04 2228′. tudes up to 12,000 AGL. Landing area in front
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. of old terminal. Activity broadcast on 119.1
mhz.
07/25 1299′ TURF. ESWL 6. LDA 25 1250′.
Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit. Kaitaia
12/30 2621′ TURF. ESWL 13. LDA 12 2486′. 270′ NZKT KAT +12:00* S35 04.2 E173
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. Apt Operator (09) 408-7233, (021) 477-661;
F-3, Jet A-1. Fax (09) 408-7233, (021) 477-661.
ABN. Fire 4. 12/30 4600′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/A/X/T. RL.
Kaikohe 18/36 4190′ MATS. ESWL 5. LDA 18 3931′.
573′ NZKO KKO +12:00* S35 27.1 E173 LDA 36 3763′. TODA 18 3763′. TODA 36 3930′.
49.0 Model aircraft flying may take place during day-
Apt Operator (09) 407-6133, (027) 556-6470; light hours subject to specific prior approval of
Fax (09) 407-6133, (027) 556-6470. the aerodrome operator.
13/31 3035′ GRASS. ESWL 20. F-3.
17/35 5052′ GRASS. ESWL 20. ABN. Fire 1.
- Intensive glider operations may take place on
Karamea
Sundays, Thursdays, and public holidays.
28′ NZKM +12:00* S41 14.2 E172 06.3
- Winch launching of gliders may take place
with wire launches reaching up to 2500ft AGL. Apt Administration 03 782 6719.
Powered Aircraft: 01/19 3100′ BITU/GRAS. ESWL 4. TORA 01
3054′. LDA 19 3054′. TODA 01 3054′.
- Join overhead.
17/35 2149′ GRASS. ESWL 3. TORA 35 1578′.
- Do not land or take-off simultaneously with a
LDA 17 1578′. TODA 35 1578′.
glider winch launching.
Airport available for general use without the
- During gliding operations the glider strip will
permission of the operator.
comprise the west side of Rwy 17/35 and will
be marked by a gliding arrow and an obvious Caution: Areas outside rwys and apron area
strip of un-mown grass. Powered aircraft use may be unusable when wet, use with caution.
onlythe east side of Rwy 17/35 (60+M wide Kerikeri
strip) during gliding operations.
492′ NZKK KKE +12:00* S35 15.8 E173
Support vehicles have fluorescent orange pain- 54.7
ted bonnets. The winch is painted orange.
Apt Operator (09) 407-6133, (027) 556-6470;
A tractor and mower may be cutting runway Fax (09) 407-6133, (027) 556-6470.
grass at any time. The tractor has a flashing
02/20 1608′ TURF. ESWL 2.
roof light.
15/33 3904′ BITUMEN. PCN 15/F/B/Y/U. TODA
Radio controlled model aircraft may operate
15 4321′. TODA 33 4321′. RL. Pilot Controlled
daily. Thelanding and take-off area is clearly
Lighting.
visible from the circuit.
Grass TWY suitable light aircraft only.
Avoid harsh braking on the runway. Masterton

U turns by aircraft heavier than 7718 lbs 364′ NZMS MRO +12:00* S40 58.4 E175
MCTOW permitted only in turning bays at end 38.0
of paved rwy. Apt Administration 06 378 6319; Fax 06 370
Simultaneous operations on parallel paved and 8036.
grass rwys are prohibited. Aircraft are not to06/24 3953′ BITUMEN. PCN 28 F/C/Y/T. TORA
enter the grass Rwy 15/33 while aircraft are 24 4101′. LDA 24 3675′. TODA 24 4101′. ASDA
landing or taking off on the parallel paved Rwy
15/33. Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit.
Approach conditional areas apply to VFR oper- 06R/24L 3478′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 24L
ations. 2789′.
No parking closer to Rwy 15/33 than the white Rwy 06R Right-Hand Circuit.
tire line on the west side.
10/28 3419′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 10 3153′.
F-3, Jet A-1. LDA 28 3218′.
ABN. Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
Lake Station/Nelson Lakes Available for general use without the permis-
1709′ NZLE +12:00* S41 45.5 E172 44.7 sion of the operator.
Apt Operator (03) 521 1870. Ground Services Gliding and parachuting operations may be
(03) 547 6224; Fax (03) 547 6227. taking place.
11/29 5052′ GRASS. ESWL 18. Model acft flying in vicinity of apt.
To taxi to Rwy 06, backtrack on Twy 06L.
Manapouri (Te Anau/Manapouri) 100 octane, F-4, Jet A-1.
687′ NZMO +12:00* S45 32.0 E167 39.0 Fire U.
Apt Manager (027) 671-2071, (03) 249-6608;
Fax (0800) 732-329; manager@teanauair- Matamata
port.co.nz. 182′ NZMA MTA +12:00* S37 44.1 E175
08/26 5230′ BITUMEN. PCN 20/F/A/X/T. TODA 44.5
08 5437′. TODA 26 5437′. Apt Administration 07 884 0060; Fax 07 884
14/32 3179′ GRAVEL. ESWL 6. TODA 14 04/22 2789′ TURF. ESWL 14.
3376′. TODA 32 3376′. Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit. 10/28 3573′ TURF. ESWL 14.
Available for General Aviation use. Aircraft Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
above 12,566lbs (5700kg) require prior appro- For details of landing fees, general information
val by Airport Manager. and events at Matamata refer to:
Birds in vicinity of airport. www.mpdc.govt.nz/our-facilities/98.html
Wx camera available on internet at www.tea- Details on activities associated with the aero-
nauairport.co.nz. drome can be obtained by contacting the
F-4, Jet A-1. JASU. appropriate operator:
Fire 2. Gliding: 07-888-5972.
Sky Diving: 029-759-3483. 02/20 4419′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/B/X/T.

Aero Club: 07-888-8782. RL. ALS.
Intensive sporting activities take place, particu- Rwy 20 Right-Hand Circuit.
larly during weekends. Glider and parachute Remote control of aerodrome lighting available
operations. by prior arrangement. After hours telephone
All pilots should avoid the overhead join proce- Chubb Security (03) 547 8844.
dure at Matamata due to parachuting opera- 02/20 2398′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 20 2122′.
tions. Rwy 20 Right-Hand Circuit.
Glider Winch Launching : operations may take 06/24 2198′ TURF. ESWL 20.
place at any time . Refer to Matamata Winch Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit.
Launching Chart.
Caution: Departures off Vector 06 due down-
When gliding operations marker is displayed all drafts in easterly wind conditions and high ter-
parachute operations will be targeted to the rain.
PLA marker.Aircraft and vehicles are not per-
17/35 1969′ TURF. ESWL 20.
mitted to taxi or drive through or park insidethe
parachute PLA. This area is adjacent to the Rwy 17 Right-Hand Circuit.
parachute clubrooms and marked by orange Mon-Thu 0620-2105 LT, Fri 0620-2235 LT, Sat
cones when in use. 0640-2040 LT, Sun 0700-2210 LT.
F-4. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
Category 3 fire protection available during pro-
Napier mulgated Air Traffic Service hours. Outside of
6′ NZNR NPE +12:00* S39 27.9 E176 52.2 these hours by prior arrangement with the Gen-
Apt Administration 06 835 3427; Fax 06 835 eral Manager, Nelson Airport Ltd., telephone
3427. (03) 547 3199.
07/25 3934′ BITU/TURF. ESWL 20. TODA 07 Nightcircuit training prohibited after 2200 LT.
4131′. TODA 25 4131′. Outside Nelson TWR hrs of service remote
16/34 5741′ BITUMEN. PCN 68/F/D/X/T. TODA control lighting is avbl fm Christchurch ACC on
16 5938′. TODA 34 5938′. RL. ALS. freq 123.7 MHz or phone 0800 626 756 advis-
16/34 2513′ TURF. ESWL 20. ing rwy to be used. Brilliance adj may take up to
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. one min to action. Christchurch ACC is to be
advised when complete.
CAUTION: Bird hazard exists.
CAUTION: Kite surfing may be operating at any
Grass strip 16/34 lies to the east of main drain.
time during daylight hours on the western end
Fishing kites may be flown on the coast in off- of Tahunanui Beach (0.8NM north) up to tree
shore wind conditions outside of 3NM Napier. top height 100ft.
F-4, Jet A-1. Entry to the northeast taxiway is restricted to
Fire 4. the ends due to soft ground near the taxiway
edges.
Nelson
Simultaneous operations on parallel paved and
17′ NZNS NSN +12:00* S41 17.9 E173 13.3
grass runways 02/20 permitted.
Apt Administration (03) 547 3199; Fax (03) 547
NORDOlight aircraft use grass runway and vec-
3194; office@nelsonairport.co.nz.
tors west and clear of sealed runway 02/20.
Aircraft in excess of 6000 kg (13228 lbs) must Oamaru

not U-turn on runway 02/20 except as directed 99′ NZOU OAM +12:00* S44 58.2 E171
by ATC. 04.9
All aircraft on the apron must call ATC for Apt Operator 03 433 0300; Fax 03 433 0301.
authorization prior to starting. 02/20 2776′ TURF. ESWL 20.
Flashing orange light NNE of gate 11 indicates Rwy 02/20 Right-Hand Circuit.
possiblesevere prop-wash. When light is flash-
11/29 3107′ TURF. SIWL 20. TORA 11 2779′.
ing during unattended airport hours aircraft
LDA 29 2779′. TODA 11 2779′.
should notify intentions on 127.4 for status of
northern taxiway. Rwy 11/29 Right-Hand Circuit.
Call DELIVERY up to a maximum of 15 minutes 18/36 4209′ BITUMEN. PCN 25/F/X/A/T.
prior to start for route clearance, advising stand Rwy 18/36 Right-Hand Circuit.
number or location on aerodome, requested Caution: Birds in the vicinity of the airport.
level, alternate, receipt of ATIS and QNH. Airport available for generaluse without the per-
ATC clearance will be issued after flight plan mission of the operator.
handling is complete,normally within 2 minutes. F-4.
When ready call DELIVERY for start approval ABN. Fire U.
and advise POB. Any start delay will be advised
at this time. Ohakea (Ohakea (Military))
Call TOWER for taxi clearance 164′ NZOH OHA Mil. +12:00* S40
F-3, Jet A-1. 12.4 E175 23.2
ABN. Fire 3. Apt Administration 06 351 5442; H24 0800
RUNWAY (0800 786 929); Fax 06 351 5448.
New Plymouth 09/27 8028′ BITUMEN. PCN 73/F/C/W/T.
97′ NZNP NPL +12:00* S39 00.5 E174 10.7 TORA 09 7542′. LDA 09 7542′. TODA 09 7542′.
Apt Administration 06 759 6060; Fax 06 759 ASDA 09 7542′. HIRL. HIALS.
6070. Apt Manager 06 755 1040; Fax 06 755 Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
1040. 09/27 1887′ GRASS.
05/23 4298′ BITUMEN. PCN 57/F/C/Y/T. TODA Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
05 4790′. TODA 23 4790′. RL. 15/33 6998′ BITUMEN. PCN 42/R/C/W/T. LDA
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. 15 6506′. HIRL. ALS.
05/23 3280′ TURF. ESWL 2. ATND SKD 0515-2315 MON-FRI 0515-2015
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. SAT 0515-2015 SUN.
14/32 3937′ TURF. SIWL 9. Caution: Hydroplaning due to standing water
Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit. Rwy 15/33, up to 10mm during and after peri-
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. ods of rain.
Due to obstructions and rwy surface gradients, Caution: Mechanical turbulance on runway
difficulty may be experienced in observing other 15/27, and taxiway 27 in the vicinity of the
traffic while on the ground and during take-offs. North East Hangars during NW/SE winds
greater than 15kts.
F-3, Jet A, Jet A-1.
Fire 4.
Civil operations require prior approval of Base F-3.

Operations.
Opotiki
Customs and Immigration advanced notice
required. 25′ NZOP +12:00 S38 01.3 E177 18.4
Southwest perimeter track not avbl for use by Apt Administration Tel (07) 315 3030 A/H 0274
acft. 735 844; Fax (07) 315 7050.
CAUTION Birds in vicinity of airport. 09/27 3346′ GRASS. ESWL 3. TORA 09 2579′.
TORA 27 2444′. LDA 09 2444′. LDA 27 2776′.
Outside Ohakea TWR hrs, clearance to enter
TODA 09 2579′. TODA 27 2444′.
M310 required from Ohakea APP 125.1 MHz or
Tel 03 358 1694. Outside Ohakea APP hrs Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
clearance required from RNZAF Base Opera- Model aircraft flying may take place during day-
tions 135.1 MHz or Tel0800 RUNWAY, 0800 light hours.
786 929. Caution: Moderate turbulence below 2000 ft in
ABN. Fire 7. strong easterly/southerly wind conditions.
F-3.
Omarama
1380′ NZOA +12:00 S44 29.2 E169 59.2 Palmerston North
Apt Manager (027) 448-5322, (03) 438-9451, 151′ NZPM PMR +12:00* S40 19.2 E175
(027) 735-922; Fax (03) 438-9461; hught- 37.0
urner@xtra.co.nz. Apt Operator (027) 735 922, Apt Administration (06) 351 4415; Mobile
(03)442 7307; Fax (03)442 7309. 027-443-0480; Fax (06) 355 2262; pnal@pnair-
09L/27R 4551′ GRASS. ESWL 6. TORA 27R port.co.nz.
4469′. LDA 09L 4469′. TODA 27R 4469′. 07/25 6240′ BITUMEN. PCN 50/F/C/X/T. LDA
Rwy 27R Right-Hand Circuit. 07 5784′. LDA 25 5978′. TODA 07 5531′. TODA
09R/27L 4551′ GRASS. ESWL 6. TORA 27L 25 5669′. MIRL.
4469′. LDA 09R 4469′. TODA 27L 4469′. Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 27L Right-Hand Circuit. 07/25 1995′ TURF. ESWL 2.
Intensive gliding operations September to April Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit.
- 7 days. Occasional winching to north of Rwy Fueling and Handling Mon-Fri, 0800-1700
09L/27R. Glider winching wire may reach up to (local) TWR/FIS 0600-2015 MON-FRI
3000' AGL from 09L/27R. 0600-2015 SAT 0700-2015 SUN. Customs:
Glider/gliding communication operations out- From 1 hour prior to all international arrivals
side local area frequency 119.1 use gliding fre- and departures.
quencies 133.55 Mhz and 134.00 Mhz. Call RWY 25 - Left hand circut - Approved IFR air-
intentions on these frequencies. craft only.
Up to 3 rows of gliders waiting to launch will line ATC may clear an IFR aircraft for a left circling
up and park using RWY 09R/27L. Arriving/ approch and left hand circut for RWY 25 by day
departing aircraft should use RWY 09L/27R to when ceiling is less than 2000ft, and at night.
maintain separation and avoid overflying Outside ATC hours operators of aircraft over
parked aircraft. 12566lbs.(5700kg) approved by the aerodrome
CAUTION: Glider winch launch area - can be operator on an IFR approachmay perform a left
mistaken for a runway. Do NOT use.
circling approach and a left hand circut for RWY Helicopters practice autorotations aimed at the
25. centre grass area between grass runways.
Night Operations: Night Curfew:
Circuit traffic at night is not to exceed 4 aircraft. Sep to Apr 2230-0600LT
Circuit training at night by operators not cov- May to Aug 2200-0600LT (No circuit training
ered by the MOU, are subject to prior approva- between 2130-0600)
lof the aerodrome operator. No circuit training on Sun and public holidays
No circuit training is permitted between before 0900 and after 1800
2230-0600 NZST from April to September and All traffic oher than gliders and tow acft shall
2330-0600 NZDT during October to March. circut to the west when operating on Rwy 16/34
NORDO aircraft may not operate at Palmerston and Grass Rwy 16/34.
North aerodrome at night. Extensive glidertraffic may exist at any time.
Available for general use without the permis- 100 octane, Jet A-1.
sion of the operator.
Caution: Birds in vicinity of airport. Pukaki
F-3, Jet A-1. 1575′ NZUK +12:00* S44 14.1 E170 07.1
Fire 5. Apt Manager (03) 435-0873; Mobile (021)
042-3265; Fax 03 443 6668.
Paraparaumu 15/33 3550′ BITUMEN. PCN 10/F/B/Y/U. LDA
19′ NZPP PPQ +12:00* S40 54.3 E174 59.3 15 3418′. LDA 33 3417′.
Apt Administration (04) 298 1013; Fax (04) 298 Rwy 33 Right-Hand Circuit.
1005. Ground Services (04) 298 6294, (04) 902 ATND SKD H24.
6536. Available for general use subject to prior
12/30 2267′ TURF. ESWL 2. LDA 30 2113′. arrangement with the operator.
TODA 30 2136′. Rwy 12 Runway closed. Commercial skydiving operations (from alti-
Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit. tudes up to 15,000 ft) are in regular operation
16/34 3894′ BITUMEN. PCN 15/F/B/Y/T. LDA on the airport. The parachute landing area is
16 3419′. TODA 16 4452′. TODA 34 4317′. located on the non-traffic (western) side of the
ASDA 16 4255′. ASDA 34 4222′. RL. Pilot Con- runway. Aircraft should not conduct overhead
trolled Lighting. rejoins when parachute operations are in pro-
Rwy 16 Right-Hand Circuit. gress. Skydiving activity is broadcast on 119.1
16/34 1762′ TURF. ESWL 2. MHz.
Rwy 16 Right-Hand Circuit. Occasional parachuting activity.
Caution: Rough patches on grass taxiways. Air- F-4, Jet A-1.
craft with low propeller clearance should exer- Queenstown
cise caution over rough areas or use paved
1171′ NZQN ZQN +12:00* S45 01.3 E168
areas.
44.3
Bird hazard.
Apt Administration (03) 450-9031; Fax (03) 442
Glider towing/landings operate contra-rotating 3515; ops@zqn.aero.
circuts from grass runways and mostly head
05/23 6204′ BITUMEN. PCN 47/F/C/X/T. TORA
east.
05 6033′. TORA 23 6007′. LDA 05 5837′. LDA
23 5837′. TODA 05 6270′. ASDA 05 6033′. Aircraft arrivals and departures between 2200
ASDA 23 6007′. HIRL. hours local to 0600 hours local not permitted
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. unless an emergency.
14/32 2919′ BITU/GRAS. ESWL 13. TORA 14 Caution: Sport field locatied on short final to
2592′. TORA 32 2690′. LDA 14 2592′. LDA 32 Sealed/Grass Rwy 14 on extended runway.
2592′. TODA 14 2690′. TODA 32 2789′. ASDA Sealed/Grass Rwy 14/32 limited to aircraft with
14 2592′. ASDA 32 2690′. MCTOW 5700kg or less at or below 16m wing-
Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit. span. 10m central sealed section limited to air-
High terrain on north side of Frankton Arm at craft with main landing gear track 5m or less.
2.4nm from threshold. Parachute drop sector south of the airport.
Rwy 23 finam threshold. F-4, Jet A-1.
All circuits restricted due to terrain. Ensure ter- Fire 4.
rain clearance, especially Rwy 14 departure.
Queenstown Apt of Entry
Downdrafts likely crossing river on approach to
1171′ NZXX +12:00* S45 01.3 E168 44.3
Rwy 23.
Apt Manager (03) 450-9031; Fax (03)
Rwy 14 approach. High terrain with trees 1NM
442-3515; ops@zqn.aero.
to the north of threshold.
05/23 6204′ BITUMEN. TORA 05 6033′. TORA
23 6007′. LDA 05 5837′. LDA 23 5837′. TODA
grass runway prohibited. Without ATC clear-
05 6270′. ASDA 05 6033′. ASDA 23 6007′.
ance, aircraft are not to enter the grass runway
while an aircraft is taking off or landing on the Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit.
parallel paved runway. Fire 4.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Rangiora
Landing lights are to be used if possible within 180′ NZRT +12:00* S43 17.4 E172 32.5
10 nm of Queenstown airport below 6000 ft.
Apt Administration Tel (03) 313 6136 Fax (03)
Aircraft on final approach to Rwy 05 should 313 4432.
track along the center of Frankton Arm to inter-
04/22 1690′ GRASS. ESWL 2. TORA 22 1631′.
sect the extended runway centerline not below
LDA 04 1631′. TODA 22 1631′.
500 ft AGL.
A ''Follow Me'' service is available on request
through Twr. 07/25 3871′ GRASS. ESWL 2. LDA 07 3084′.
LDA 25 3133′. TODA 07 3133′. TODA 25 3084′.
Queenstown airport is surrounded by mountain-
ous terrain. Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit.
General aviation aircraft prohibited on main ter- 10/28 1913′ GRASS. ESWL 2. TORA 10 1841′.
minal apron. General aviation aircraft to use LDA 28 1841′. TODA 10 1841′.
Twy B and Twy Y. Rwy 10 Right-Hand Circuit.
Grass Rwy 14/32 limited to aircraft with CAUTION: Two private airfields in close prox-
MCTOW 5700kg (12566lbs) or less at or below imity 1.8NM SW, Fernside Fields, (circuits to
16m (52') wingspan. north), Barradale (circuits to south).
Helicopters may join and depart at low level, Apt Administration 07 895 8188; Fax 07 895
but must come to a stationary hover to check 3253.
for traffic prior to crossing active vector. 01/19 3904′ GRASS. SIWL 12.
Make radio call on final approach advising Rwy 01 Right-Hand Circuit.
intended runway. F-3, Jet A-1.
Fuel available outside normal working hours by
prior arrangement. Taupo
Landing feespayable. Honesty box located 1335′ NZAP TUO +12:00* S38 44.4 E176
adjacent to fuel pumps. 05.1
Low speed microlight aircraft should circuit at Apt Administration (07) 378 7771; Fax (07) 378
500ft AGL. 7776; admin@taupoairport.co.nz. Ground Serv-
F-3, Jet A-1. ices Fax (07) 378 8947 (UNICOM); uni-
com@taupoairport.co.nz.
Rotorua 11/29 2398′ GRASS. ESWL 5. Rwy 11 Takeoff
938′ NZRO ROT +12:00* S38 06.5 E176 not allowed.
Apt Administration (07) 345 8800; Fax (07) 345 17/35 4547′ BITUMEN. PCN 20/F/C/Y/T. RL.
8801. Ground Services (07) 345 3571. Rwy 17 Right-Hand Circuit.
18/36 6047′ BITUMEN. PCN 45/F/C/X/T. TORA Alert: Taupo is New Zealand's busiest para-
18 6535′. TORA 36 6447′. TODA 18 6732′. chute drop zone.
TODA 36 6644′. ASDA 18 6535′. ASDA 36
Birds in vicinity ofairport.
6447′. RL. ALS 18. RLLSALS 36.
U-turns on sealed runway by aircraft heavier
that 5700kg MCTOW permitted onlu in turning
Fire 4 provided 30 min. prior to first flight and bays.
15 min. after last shut-down of scheduled
F-3, Jet A-1.
movements requiring coverage. Other times by
arrangement with Rotorua airport company, Tel Fire 2.
(07) 348 3801. Tauranga
Gliding operations may take place particularly 13′ NZTG TRG +12:00* S37 40.3 E176 11.8
during weekends and public holidays. Skydiving
operations are carried out on a regular daily
2498.
basis.
04/22 2100′ TURF. ESWL 16. TORA 04 2099′.
Caution: Downdrafts and turbulence can be
TORA 22 2099′. LDA 04 2099′. LDA 22 2099′.
expectedon final for Rwy 18 in SE wind condi-
TODA 04 2099′. TODA 22 2099′. ASDA 04
tions.
2099′. ASDA 22 2099′.
F-3, Jet A-1.
07/25 5987′ BITUMEN. PCN 35/F/B/X/T. TODA
Fire 4. 07 6184′. TODA 25 6184′. RL. ALS. Pilot Con-
Taumarunui trolled Lighting.
650′ NZTM +12:00* S38 50.6 E175 15.3 Rwy 07 Right-Hand Circuit.
07/25 2526′ TURF. ESWL 20.
16/34 2297′ GRASS. ESWL 20. Intensive microlight and gliding operations may
Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit. take place particularly during weekends and
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. public holidays.
Intensive gliding operations may take place par- Glider traffic take-off and land at an angle to
ticularly during weekends, Wednesday after- RWY 11. Exercise caution when taxying from
noons and public holidays; gliders and tugs use Aero Club area to holding position RWY 11.
Rwy 04/22. Model aircraft flying may take place during day-
Microlightflying takes place. light hours subject to prior approval of the air-
port operator.
F-3, Jet A-1.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 1.
ABN. Fire U.
Thames
Waiouru
11′ NZTH TMZ +12:00* S37 09.4 E175 33.0
2686′ NZRU Mil. +12:00* S39 26.8 E175
Apt Administration (07) 868 0200; Fax
39.5
07-868-0234; customer.services@tcdc.govt.nz.
Apt Administration 06 387 5599 ext 7011; Fax
05/23 2320′ GRASS. SIWL 3. LDA 05 2254′.
06 387 5561.
LDA 23 1991′. TODA 05 1991′. TODA 23 2254′.
13/31 3917′ BITUMEN. LCN 23.
CAUTION: Radio transmission aerial and
14/32 3648′ GRASS. LDA 14 3320′. LDA 32
power pylons between 1 NM and 0.5 NM on
3320′. TODA 14 3320′. TODA 32 3320′.
approach to RWY 31.
Military or approved civilian use only.
Caution: Bird hazard at all times.
Except in emergency, civil operations require
Surface soft after heavy rain and in winter. prior approval of Commander Army Training
Intensive gliding operations may take place par- Group.
ticularly during weekends and public holidays. Fire U.
Skydiving operations may take place at any-
time. Waipukurau
Jet A1 and Avgas 100 available via Fuelcard. 430′ NZYP +12:00* S39 59.8 E176 32.2
F-3, Jet A-1. Aeroclub 06-858-8226, Tel (06) 858 8226, Fax
(06) 858 8774.
Timaru 02/20 3461′ GRASS. ESWL 2. LDA 20 2854′.
89′ NZTU TIU +12:00* S44 18.2 E171 13.5 TODA 02 2854′.
Apt Manager 027-423-8411/ (09) 423-8114. Rwy 20 Right-Hand Circuit.
02/20 4199′ BITUMEN. PCN 35/F/A/X/T. RL. Circuit: RWY 02 - Left Hand
02/20 3898′ TURF. ESWL 13. Intensive gliding operations may take place par-
11/29 3652′ TURF. ESWL 20. LDA 29 3287′. ticularly during weekends and public holidays.
TODA 11 3287′. 100 octane, Jet A-1.
grass rwys are prohibited. Wanaka
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. 1142′ NZWF WKA +12:00* S44 43.3 E169
14.7
Apt Administration (03) 443 1112, (03) 443 Wanganui

8197; Mobile 0274 323 616; Fax (03) 443 1156; 27′ NZWU WAG +12:00* S39 57.7 E175
ralphf@wka.co.nz. 01.5
11/29 3937′ BITUMEN. PCN 12/F/B/X/T. Apt Administration 06 349 0001; Fax 06 349
Rwy 29 Right-Hand Circuit. 0000. 06 348 9217; Mobile 021 151 3733; Fax
CAUTION: Light aircraft on opposite THR are 06 348 9218. Apt Manager 06 348 0536; Mobile
not always visible to each other due to hump in 021 247 4711; Fax 06 346 7912; airside@wan-
RWY. ganui.govt.nz.
CAUTION: Tow launched paraglider operations 08/26 2198′ TURF. ESWL 20.
between Oct to May (7days). At Roys Bay, Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit.
Lake Wanaka within an area defined as east of 11/29 4501′ BITUMEN. PCN 12 F/C/X/T. TODA
a line drawn north-south through Ruby Island 11 4829′. TODA 29 4829′. RL. ALS.
and north to Beacon Point. Tow heights up to Rwy 11 Right-Hand Circuit.
3500ft AMSL. Landing area on beach front at
Aircraft exceeding runway strength classifica-
Pembroke Park. Paragliding activity broadcast
tion may be granted exemption on acase by
on 120.1 MHz - callsign "Montana".
case basis. Contact Airport Manager for
CAUTION: Commercial skydiving operations exemption approval prior to flight.
(from altitudes up to 17,000ft) are in regular
For after hours lighting call Maintenance and
operation on the non-traffic (southern) side of
Security Officer-$40 (plus GST) fee applies.
the RWY. The parachute landing area is within
a marked triangular area to the southeast of the 11L/29R 1804′ TURF. ESWL 20.
airside buildings. Skydiving activity is broadcast 11R/29L 2589′ TURF. ESWL 20.
on 120.1 MHz. Rwy 11R Right-Hand Circuit.
Approaches, landings, take-offs and departures 14/32 2992′ TURF. ESWL 20.
for all aircraft including helicopters must be via Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit.
the runways runways and normal circuitpat- CAUTION: Bird hazard.
terns. Helicopters should enter or exit the
Simultaneous operations on all parallel rwys
runway via the helipad.
are prohibited.
All aircraft should avoid using the overhead
Model aircraft flying may take place during day-
joining procedure at Wanaka Airport due to the
light hours.
presence of skydiving/parachute operations.
Extensive helicopter training carried out, includ-
Intensive helicopter trainingoperations on and
ing Ag-Pilot training on and adjacent to airfield.
adjacent to aerodrome.
Helicopters are required to hover-taxi on all
K-line water sprinkler lines may change daily.
designated taxiways and terminal parking
May present an obstacle to taxiing aircraft.
areas.
No NORDO operations.
Recommended helicopter circuit height 800ft
Avgas 100, access via Z card. maximum.
100 octane, Jet A-1. F-3, Jet A-1.
Fire 1. ABN.
Wellington (Wellington Intl) Apt of Entry Operations of aircraft with wingspan greater
42′ NZWN WLG +12:00* S41 19.6 E174 than 59m require prior approval from Airport
48.3 Operations Tel (04) 385 5124
Apt Administration 04 385 5100; Fax 04 387 Wellington International Airport Bylaws Appro-
1994. val Order 1995. Available at www.legisla-
16/34 5951′ ASPHALT. PCN 57/F/B/X/U. tion.govt.nz
TORA 16 6381′. TORA 34 6302′. TODA 16 F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
6827′. TODA 34 6827′. ASDA 16 6381′. ASDA ABN. Fire 7.
34 6302′. HIRL.
West Melton
305′ NZWL +12:00* S43 28.6 E172 23.8
Customs.
Aeroclub (03) 359 2121; Fax (03) 359 2621.
CAUTION: Bird Hazard-Refer to NZWN AD
2.23 04/22 3271′ ASPH/GRAS. ESWL 7.
All bird occurrences reported to the tower will 11/29 2087′ GRASS. ESWL 7.
be forwarded to the CAA as required by Civil 17/35 2264′ GRASS. ESWL 7.
Aviation Rule Part 12.
Westport
Traffic information will be provided by Christ-
13′ NZWS WSZ +12:00* S41 44.3 E171
church Contol 123.7 MHz north ofWellington
34.9
and 129.4 MHz south of Wellington.
Apt Administration (03) 788-9111; Fax (03)
Departing Acft IFR: Contact DELIVERY up to a
788-8041.
maximum of 15 minutes prior to start for route
clearance advising stand number or location on 04/22 4199′ ASPHALT. LCN 35. RL. Pilot Con-
aerodrome. ALL flights pass requested level, trolled Lighting.
domestic flights pass alternate. Clearance will Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit.
be issued within 2 minutes. Microlight aircraft operations take place from
When ready to start, contact GROUND, request eastern grass taxiway.
pushback if necessary. Any air traffic delay will Aerodrome may be closed between 0500 and
be advised at this time. ATC expect the aircraft 2000 from 30 May to 20 September due to
to commence start within 1 minute of start stock grazing to RWY edge. A NOTAM will be
approval. issued.
Request taxi clearance from GROUND before CAA Part 139 Operating Requirementsonly
departing stand. applicable during Air NZ scheduled move-
Ships near apch end rwy 16 with masts up to ments.
134 ft. CAUTION: Bird hazard in vicinity of airport.
AD Category for Fire Fighting: F-4, Jet A-1.
CAT 5: 1300-1800 ABN. Fire U.
(1200-1700 DRG NZDT)
Whakatane
CAT 7: 1800-1300 (1700-1200 DRG NZDT)
20′ NZWK WHK +12:00* S37 55.2 E176
and at other times by request
54.8
CAT 8: By arrangement with airport operator
Apt Administration (07) 306-0500; Fax (07) 307
0718.
09/27 4199′ BITUMEN. PCN 17/F/A/Y/T. RL. Niue

Niue Island (Niue Intl) Apt of Entry
209′ NIUE IUE -11:00 S19 04.7 W169 55.6
Available for general use without the permis-
sion of the operator. ATS 683-4020; Fax 683 4010. Apt Manager
683-4020/4133/4382; Fax 683 4215; colin.har-
Caution: Extensive paragliding operations off
ding@mail.gov.nu.
Kohi Point. Model aircraft flying may take place
during daylight hours. Microlight flying takes 10/28 7661′ BITUMEN. PCN 51/F/A/1.3 MPa/T.
place. Bird hazard. TODA 28 6529′. HIRL. MIALS.
F-3, Jet A-1. During hours of scheduled operations. Cus-
toms.
ABN. Fire U.
Departing international flights that require ATC
Whangarei clearance prior to taxi are required to notify
133′ NZWR WRE +12:00* S35 46.1 E174 AFIS 10 minutes prior to engine start-up.
21.9 ARFF - CAT 6 required; CAT 5 available.
Apt Administration 09 436 0047; Fax 09 436 Jet A-1 for contract users only.
3274. Jet A-1.
06/24 3599′ ASPHALT. LCN 45. LDA 06 3501′. ABN. Fire 6.
RL. LDIN. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
14/32 1558′ TURF. ESWL 6.
ATND SKD 0600-2000 LT.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport, especially
during periods of heavy rain or strong winds.
CAUTION: Northerly winds may cause some
turbulence from hangerbuildings especially Rwy
06 touch-down areas.
No holding in turning bays.
Allaircraft ops are confined to defined rwy
andtwy areas.
U-turns on paved rwy byacft above 5700 kg
(12,566 lb) MCTOW are not permitted except in
turning bays at rwy ends.
Aerodrome located within Mandatory Broadcast
Zone.
Aerodrome available for general use without
permission of the Operator.
Customes/MAF processing by prior arrange-
ment at airport terminal.
Runway lead-in light system (RLLS).
100 octane, F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire U.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Aiome Night operations emergency use only.

346′ AYAO +10:00 S05 08.7 E144 43.8
Cape Gloucester
01/19 3281′ GRAS/CLAY. AUW-13.
78′ AYCG CGC +10:00 S05 27.0 E148 26.5
ATND SKD SR-SS.
08/26 3543′ TURF/GRVL. AUW-13.
Alotau, Png (Gurney) ATND SKD SR-SS.
65′ AYGN GUR +10:00 S10 18.6 E150 20.0
Chimbu
09/27 5545′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/A/Z/U.
4974′ AYCH CMU +10:00 S06 01.4 E144
TODA 09 5741′. TODA 27 5741′. ASDA 09
58.2
5741′. ASDA 27 5741′. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
03/21 3468′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 12/F/C/Z/U. LDA
ATND SKD SR-SS.
03 3271′. Rwy 03 Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 21
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. Landing not allowed.
F-4, Jet A-1. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Balimo Daru
42′ AYBM OPU +10:00 S08 03.1 E142 56.4 20′ AYDU DAU +10:00 S09 05.2 E143 12.5
10/28 4265′ GRAS/CLAY. AUW-13. 14/32 4593′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/C/Z/U. ASDA
ATND SKD SR-SS. 14 4790′. ASDA 32 4790′.
Bialla ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: SR-SS, 24 hrs
PNR.
7′ AYBL BAA +10:00 S05 19.7 E151 00.3
F-4, Jet A-1.
11/29 3248′ GRAVEL. AUW-13.
Fire N.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Emirau
Buka
101′ AYEE +10:00 S01 39.2 E149 58.5
8′ AYBK BUA +10:00 S05 25.3 E154 40.4
12/30 4774′ TREATED. AUW-13.
04/22 5125′ PAVED. PCN 20/F/C/Z/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
F-4, Jet A-1. Erave
3400′ AYEV +10:00 S06 36.5 E143 54.0
Bulolo
11/29 4000′ GRAVEL. AUW-13.
2193′ AYBU BUL +10:00 S07 13.3 E146
39.1 ATND SKD SR-SS.
15/33 4374′ GRAS/GRVL. AUW-41. LDA 33 Finschhafen
3652′. 25′ AYFI FIN +10:00 S06 37.3 E147 51.2
ATND SKD SR-SS. 16/34 5200′ GRAVEL. AUW-41. ASDA 16
Bwagaoia (Misima) 5397′. ASDA 34 5397′.
20′ AYMS MIS +10:00 S10 41.3 E152 50.3 Rwy 34 Right-Hand Circuit.
08/26 3937′ GRAVEL. PCN 14/F/C/Z/V. RL. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Garaina Green River

2501′ AYGI GAR +10:00 S07 52.9 E147 267′ AYGV GVI +10:00 S03 54.0 E141 10.7
08.8 07/25 4774′ GRAVEL. AUW-41.
13/31 5249′ GRAS/GRVL. AUW-13. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Guasopa
Girua -3′ AYGJ GAZ +10:00 S09 13.5 E152 56.6
300′ AYGR PNP +10:00 S08 48.3 E148 18.5 12/30 3593′ GRAS/GRVL. AUW-13.
03/21 5495′ ASPHALT. PCN 14/F/C/Z/U. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Gusap
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
1506′ AYGP GAP +10:00 S06 03.5 E145
F-4, Jet A-1.
57.8
Gobe 14/32 5249′ GRAS/GRVL. AUW-13.
181′ AYGB +10:00 S06 52.7 E143 43.3 ATND SKD SR-SS.
14/32 3445′ GRAVEL. AUW-13.
Hayfield
431′ AYHF +10:00 S03 42.1 E143 03.5
ATND SKD SR-SS.
17/35 3097′ GRAS/GRVL. AUW-13.
Gonali ATND SKD SR-SS.
3′ AYGL +10:00 S05 31.7 E151 34.4
Hoskins
12/30 3494′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. Rwy 12 Land-
27′ AYHK HKN +10:00 S05 27.7 E150 24.1
ing not allowed. Rwy 30 Takeoff not allowed.
12/30 5200′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/A/Z/U.
RPT operations are restricted to aircraft having
ASDA 12 5397′. ASDA 30 5397′. Pilot Control-
a maximum take off weight not in excess of
led Lighting.
7,496 lbs (3400 kg).
ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Goroka F-4, Jet A-1.
5208′ AYGA GKA +10:00 S06 05.0 E145
23.4 Jacquinot Bay
17L/35R 4277′ ASPH/SLD. Rwy 17L Landing 211′ AYJB JAQ +10:00 S05 39.4 E151 30.5
not allowed. Rwy 35R Takeoff not allowed. 16/34 5249′ GRAVEL. PCN 12/F/B/X/U.
17R/35L 5368′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/C/Z/U. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Rwy 17R Landing not allowed. Rwy 35L Take-
Josephstall
off not allowed.
223′ AYJS JOP +10:00 S04 45.0 E145 00.3
ATND SKD SR-SS.
03/21 3117′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-13.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 5.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Kandep ATND SKD SR-SS.

7728′ AYNN KDP Mil. +10:00 S05
Kiriwina
50.5 E143 30.7
14′ AYKA +10:00 S08 30.4 E151 04.9
09/27 3366′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. Rwy 09 Take-
off not allowed. Rwy 27 Landing not allowed. 14/32 5348′ GRAVEL. PCN 20/F/B/Y/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Rwy 32 Right-Hand Circuit.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Kandrian
368′ AYKC KDR +10:00 S06 11.9 E149 32.9 Kiunga
17/35 3445′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. 97′ AYKI UNG +10:00 S06 07.5 E141 16.9
ATND SKD SR-SS. 07/25 4019′ SLD. PCN 12/F/C/Z/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Karimui F-4, Jet A-1.
3666′ AYRI +10:00 S06 29.7 E144 49.6
12/30 3232′ TURF/GRVL. AUW-13. Rwy 12 Lae (Nadzab)
Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 30 Landing not 230′ AYNZ LAE +10:00 S06 34.0 E146 43.5
allowed. 09/27 7999′ ASPHALT. PCN 30/F/B/X/U. ASDA
ATND SKD SR-SS. 09 8196′. HIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
ATND SKD H24.
Kavieng
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
13′ AYKV KVG +10:00 S02 34.7 E150 48.4
F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration +675 3244451. Apt Manager
ABN. Fire 5.
Fax +675 3259015.
12/30 5584′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/B/Y/U. Lihir, Papa New Guinea (Kunaye)
TODA 12 5236′. TODA 30 5781′. ASDA 12 167′ AYKY LNV +10:00 S03 02.6 E152 37.8
5781′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. 12/30 3937′ GRAVEL. PCN 14/F/C/Z/U. TODA
1900-0900Z. 12 4035′. TODA 30 4035′. ASDA 12 4035′.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. ASDA 30 4035′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Aircraft above 44092 lbs (20,000KG) are Rwy 30 Right-Hand Circuit.
required to use full length of RWY whenlanding ATND SKD SR-SS.
and execute MAX radius turns on THR or pre- ABN.
pared turning nodes.
F-4, Jet A-1. Madang
11′ AYMD MAG +10:00 S05 12.5 E145 47.2
Kawito
07/25 5148′ ASPHALT. PCN 20/F/C/Y/U. LDA
44′ AYKW KWO +10:00 S07 58.8 E142 49.4 07 4951′. LDA 25 4951′. HIRL.
15/33 3537′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-13. Rwy 07 Right-Hand Circuit.
ATND SKD SR-SS. ATND SKD H24.
Kerema CAUTION: Numerous fruit bats cross the
10′ AYKM KMA +10:00 S07 57.8 E145 46.3 approach of rwy 25. Prevalent 1 1/2 hours prior
to and 1 hour after sunset.
14/32 3097′ SLD.
F-4, Jet A-1.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
ABN. Fire 5. Morehead

57′ AYEH MHY +10:00 S08 42.9 E141 38.9
Malalaua
09/27 4298′ TURF/GRVL. AUW-41.
18′ AYMP MLQ +10:00 S08 04.4 E146 09.6
ATND SKD SR-SS.
10/28 3609′ TURF/CLAY.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Moro
2741′ AYMR +10:00 S06 21.8 E143 14.3
Malekolon
09/27 5774′ GRAVEL. PCN 14/F/C/Y/U. RL.
6′ AYMV MKN +10:00 S04 01.3 E153 39.4
Rwy 09 Landing not allowed. Rwy 27 Takeoff
14/32 3051′ TURF/SAND. not allowed.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
Mendi ATND SKD SR-SS.
5680′ AYMN MDU +10:00 S06 08.9 E143 Mount Hagen
39.4
5363′ AYMH HGU +10:00 S05 49.7 E144
17/35 4396′ GRAVEL. PCN 12/F/C/Z/U. 18.0
Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit. 08/26 3599′ ASPH/SLD. TORA 26 3271′. LDA
328 ft (100 m) South end sealed. 1772 ft (540 08 3271′. TODA 26 3271′.
m) North end sealed. Downdrafts may be experienced on approach
ATND SKD SR-SS. to rwy 26.
Menyamya 12/30 6186′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/C/Z/U.
3835′ AYMC MYX +10:00 S07 13.0 E146 CAUTION: Rwy 30 AT-VASI terrain clearance
01.2 below the onslope indication not guaranteed in
the vicinity of Mount Yala (Approx 3NM from
15/33 3576′ GRAS/CLAY. AUW-13. Rwy 15
threshold).
Landing not allowed. Rwy 33 Takeoff not
allowed. ATND SKD H24.
Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
ATND SKD SR-SS. F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 5.
Momote Apt of Entry
12′ AYMO MAS +10:00 S02 03.8 E147 25.4 Namatanai
16/34 6135′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 30/F/B/X/U. LDA 139′ AYNX ATN +10:00 S03 40.4 E152 26.4
34 5938′. ASDA 34 6332′. RL. Pilot Controlled 12/30 3494′ GRAVEL. AUW-13.
Lighting. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: SR-SS, 24 hrs
Nomad River
PNR.
290′ AYNR NOM +10:00 S06 17.6 E142
CAUTION: Bird hazard.
14.2
F-4, Jet A-1.
06/24 3002′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-13.
Fire N.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Open Bay Saidor

7′ AYOY OPB +10:00 S04 47.9 E151 41.7 89′ AYSD SDI +10:00 S05 37.4 E146 27.5
01/19 3524′ TURF/GRVL. AUW-13. Rwy 01 12/30 3806′ TURF/GRVL. AUW-7.
Landing not allowed. Rwy 19 Takeoff not ATND SKD SR-SS.
allowed.
Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit. Simberi
ATND SKD SR-SS. 10′ AYSE +10:00 S02 39.7 E151 59.9
10/28 3937′ GRAVEL.
Port Moresby (Jacksons) Apt of Entry Fire 1.
126′ AYPY POM +10:00 S09 26.6 E147
12.9 Tabubil
Apt Administration 324-4400. 1568′ AYTB TBG +10:00 S05 16.8 E141
14L/32R 9022′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 70/F/C/X/U. 13.6
ASDA 14L 9219′. ASDA 32R 9219′. 14/32 4232′ GRAVEL. PCN 14/F/C/Y/U.
HIRL. HIALS. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Tadji
14R/32L 6798′ SLD. PCN 20/F/C/Y/U. RL.
15′ AYTJ +10:00 S03 11.7 E142 25.5
10/28 4199′ TURF. AUW-13.
NOTE: Birds in vicinity of airport.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7. Tapini
3151′ AYTI TPI +10:00 S08 21.5 E146 59.6
Rabaul (Tokua)
09/27 3002′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-13. Rwy 09
34′ AYTK RAB +10:00 S04 20.4 E152 22.8 Landing not allowed. Rwy 27 Takeoff not
10/28 5643′ BITUMEN. PCN 20/F/C/Y/T. LDA allowed.
28 5564′. RL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Rwy 09 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD H24.
CAUTION: Significant turbulence often exists Tari
on final approach when wind conditions require 5490′ AYTA TIZ +10:00 S05 50.7 E142 56.8
use of Rwy 10. Wind shear often exists in vicin- 14/32 5197′ GRAVEL. PCN 14/F/C/Z/U.
ity of treeline surrounding the aerodrome. Birds ATND SKD SR-SS.
in vicinity of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1. Telefomin
ABN. Fire 5. 4909′ AYTE TFM +10:00 S05 07.8 E141
38.2
Safia 04/22 4311′ GRAVEL. AUW-41. Rwy 04 Take-
414′ AYSF SFU +10:00 S09 35.7 E148 38.3 off not allowed. Rwy 22 Landing not allowed.
11/29 3543′ TURF/DIRT. AUW-13. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Vanimo ATND SKD SR-SS.

22′ AYVN VAI +10:00 S02 41.8 E141 18.1
Woitape
12/30 5774′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/B/Z/U. LDA
5162′ AYWT WTP +10:00 S08 33.0 E147
12 5315′. ASDA 12 5872′. ASDA 30 5872′. Pilot
15.3
15/33 3002′ CLAY/TURF. AUW-13. Rwy 15
Landing not allowed. Rwy 33 Takeoff not
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: O/R. allowed.
F-4, Jet A-1. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Wakunai
10′ AYWQ WKN +10:00 S05 52.5 E155 14.0
05/23 3199′ TURF/SAND. AUW-13.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Wanigela
56′ AYWG AGL +10:00 S09 20.2 E149 09.1
08/26 3281′ TURF/CLAY. AUW-13.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Wapenamanda
5889′ AYWD WBM +10:00 S05 38.1 E143
53.5
14/32 5075′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 14/F/C/Z/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Wewak (Boram) Apt of Entry

19′ AYWK WWK +10:00 S03 35.0 E143
40.2
Apt Manager 8562411.
10/28 5249′ ASPH/SLD. PCN 20/F/B/Y/U.
ASDA 10 5446′. ASDA 28 5347′. HIRL.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: SR-SS.
CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport. Pigs and
dogs roaming in the vicinity of airport.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 5.
Witu
4′ AYIX WIU +10:00 S04 41.3 E149 26.2
10/28 3035′ GRAS/CLAY. AUW-13. Rwy 10
Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 28 Landing not
allowed.
PHILIPPINES
Angeles City (Diosdado Macapagal Intl) Apt 09/27 5512′ CONCRETE. PCN 38.6/R/A/W/T.
of Entry TODA 09 5676′. TODA 27 5676′. ASDA 09
484′ RPLC CRK +08:00 N15 11.2 E120 33.6 5709′. ASDA 27 5709′.
Apt Manager H24 (045) 599-27-03. Apt Opera- Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit.
tor H24 (045) 599-28-97. 2330-0730 UTC.
02L/20R 10499′ CONCRETE. TODA 02L F-2, F-4.
11483′. TODA 20R 11483′. ASDA 02L 11483′. Fire 4.
ASDA 20R 11483′.
Rwy 02L Right-Hand Circuit. Baler
02R/20L 10499′ CONCRETE. 30′ RPUR BQA +08:00 N15 44.0 E121 30.0
PCN 85 R/C/W/T. TODA 02R 11483′. TODA 05/23 3937′ MACADAM. AUW-38.
20L 11483′. ASDA 02R 11483′. ASDA 20L ATND SKD 0000-0900 Mon-Fri.
11483′. HIRL. HIALS. Closed due cadastral problem.
Rwy 02R Right-Hand Circuit. Fire 3.
Basco
Closed to acft without a two-way functioning
radio. 291′ RPUO BSO +08:00 N20 27.0 E121
58.7
CAUTION: Terrain rises rapidly west of CIA
VOR R-205. Birds in vicinity of airport. 06/24 4101′ ASPHALT. PCN 24/F/B/Y/T. TODA
06 4199′. TODA 24 4222′. ASDA 06 4199′.
Jet A-1.
ASDA 24 4222′. Rwy 06 Takeoff prior permis-
ABN. Fire 9. sion only. Rwy 24 Land prior permission only.
Bacon (Bacon Natl) 2300-0700 UTC.
120′ RPLZ +08:00 N12 59.9 E124 01.1 Mountain located on approach zone rwy 24.
01/19 3281′ MACADAM. TODA 01 3708′. Fire 4.
TODA 19 4692′. ASDA 01 3461′. ASDA 19
Bislig
3478′.
11′ RPMF BPH +08:00 N08 11.3 E126 19.6
ATND SKD SR-SS.
05/23 3937′ TARMAC. AUW-38. TODA 05
Bagabag (Bagabag Community) 4265′. TODA 23 4265′. ASDA 05 4265′. ASDA
820′ RPUZ +08:00 N16 37.2 E121 15.1 23 4265′.
Apt Administration (078) 332-20-97. ATND SKD SR-SS.
09/27 3937′ CONC/MAC. PCN 7.5/F/B/Z/U. CAUTION: Trees 98 ft (30m) high in apch zone
Rwy 09 Landing not allowed. Rwy 27 Takeoff rwy 05.
not allowed. Fire 3.
0000-0800.
Bongao (Sanga Sanga Principal)
Fire 3.
15′ RPMN SGS +08:00 N05 02.7 E119 44.6
Baguio 02/20 6299′ CONCRETE. PCN 39/R/A/W/T.
4251′ RPUB BAG +08:00 N16 22.5 E120 TORA 02 5400′. TORA 20 6102′. LDA 02 5203′.
37.1 LDA 20 5203′. TODA 02 6496′. ASDA 02 6496′.
Apt Administration (074) 447-26-01. ATND SKD 2200-0600.
PHILIPPINES
Fire 4. Cagayan de Sulu

100′ RPMU +08:00 N07 00.8 E118 29.7
Borongan (Borongan Natl)
13/31 4265′ MACADAM. TODA 13 5151′.
7′ RPVW +08:00 N11 40.4 E125 28.9
TODA 31 4790′. ASDA 13 4593′. ASDA 31
02/20 3937′ CONCRETE. TODA 02 4068′. 4593′.
TODA 20 4035′. ASDA 02 4068′. ASDA 20
4035′. Calbayog
11′ RPVC CYP +08:00 N12 04.6 E124 32.9
Busuanga (Francisco B. Reyes)
Apt Administration 209-3102.
148′ RPVV USU +08:00 N12 07.2 E120 05.8
17/35 5003′ CONCRETE. PCN 19.7/R/B/W/T.
08/26 3937′ CONC/MAC. PCN 33/R/B/W/T.
TODA 17 5265′. ASDA 17 5265′.
TODA 08 4265′. TODA 26 4265′. ASDA 08
4068′. ASDA 26 4265′. ATND SKD SR-SS.
PCN 29/R/C/W/T for the first 618m, 16,136kg/ Fire 4.
0.5MPA (300m Macadam) for runway 08. Camiguin (Misamis Or.)
ATND SKD 2230-0900UTC. 53′ +08:00* N09 15.3 E124 42.2
Fire 3. 07/25 4265′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 14/F/B/Y/U.
Butuan ATND SKD HJ.
45′ RPME BXU +08:00 N08 57.5 E125 29.5 Catarman
Apt Administration (085) 341 51-42. 6′ RPVF CRM +08:00 N12 30.1 E124 38.2
12/30 6450′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/B/W/U. 04/22 5161′ CONCRETE. PCN 24.5/R/B/W/T.
TODA 12 6880′. TODA 30 7792′. ASDA 12 TODA 04 5358′. TODA 22 5292′.
6880′. ASDA 30 7320′. RL. HIALS 30.
2200-0800 UTC.
Fire 4.
0000-0800 UTC.
ABN. Fire 4. Catbalogan
50′ RPVY +08:00 N11 48.3 E124 49.9
Cagayan De Oro
13/31 3937′ MACADAM. TODA 13 4724′.
601′ RPML CGY +08:00 N08 25.0 E124 TODA 31 4331′. ASDA 13 4593′. ASDA 31
36.7 4265′.
Apt Administration (08822) 723 233; Fax (088) ATND SKD SR-SS.
858 7010, (08822) 723 224. ATS (08822) 711
CAUTION: Hills located in apch zone rwy 31
829.
and cliffs alongside of rwy.
01/19 7808′ ASPHALT. PCN 44/R/A/W/U.
TORA 01 7612′. TORA 19 7612′. LDA 01 7612′. Cauayan (Cauayan Community)
LDA 19 7612′. TODA 01 8596′. TODA 19 8596′. 200′ RPUY CYZ +08:00 N16 55.8 E121 45.2
ASDA 01 7756′. Apt Administration (078) 652-2314.
ATND SKD 2100-1000 UTC. Customs: O/R. 12/30 6883′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/A/W/T.
CAUTION: Terrain in apch zone rwy 01 apprx TORA 12 5705′. TORA 30 5705′. LDA 12 5705′.
4900 ft-8200 ft from threshold. LDA 30 5705′. TODA 12 5705′. TODA 30 7083′.
ABN. Fire 7. ASDA 30 5889′.
PHILIPPINES
0000-0800 ATND SKD 000-0900 Mon-Fri. Apt Administration (082) 234-2915 & 234-0418;
Bldg 33 ft (10m) high 1444ft (440m) from Fax (082) 234-3614. ATS (082) 234-4444.
threshold rwy 30 and 164 ft (50m) to the left of 05/23 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 73/F/C/W/T.
extended centerline. Antenna 1050 ft (320m)/ TODA 05 10532′. TODA 23 10532′. ASDA 05
1.6km south of apt. 10237′. ASDA 23 10237′. HIRL. HIALS.
Fire 3. ATND SKD 0000-0900 Mon-Fri. Customs.
Closed to aircraft without a functioning two-way
Cavite City, Philippines (Maj. Danilo
radio.
Atienza,Sangley AB)
All departing commercial acft shall be towed to
8′ Mil. +08:00 N14 39.7 E120 54.3
the west side of apron or to the North/South twy
07/25 8602′ CONCRETE. S 47, T 75, ST 79, before starting engine to prevent blast from hit-
TT 143, SIWL 22. ting Terminal bldg.
ATND SKD SR-SS. All aircraft with an AUW 64,864 kg (143,000
Cotabato lbs) or less may make 180-degree turns on any
part of runway provided no tight turning is con-
189′ RPMC CBO +08:00 N07 09.6 E124
ducted.
12.8
Jet A-1.
Apt Administration (064) 431 0104.
Fire 9.
10/28 6276′ ASPHALT. PCN 44/R/A/W/U.
TODA 10 6473′. TODA 28 6604′. ASDA 10 Del Carmen (Siargao Natl)
6421′. ASDA 28 6417′. RL. ALS 28. 10′ RPNS +08:00 N09 51.6 E126 00.9
Rwy 28 Right-Hand Circuit. 01/19 4167′ CONCRETE. PCN 29.2 R/B/W/T.
2300-0800 ATND SKD 0000-0900 Mon-Fri. 2300-0800Z.
Do not fly lower than 3000 ft over the highest Fire 4.
terrain in the area. Landing aircraft should have
high finals and high rate of climb on take-off. Dipolog (Dipolog Principal)
Trees obstruct the approach zone of Rwy 28. 12′ RPMG DPL +08:00 N08 36.1 E123 20.6
Full length of rwy not visible from tower. Apt Administration (065) 212-2359.
ABN. Fire 5. 02/20 6273′ CONCRETE. PCN 39/R/A/W/U.
Daet LDA 02 6175′. LDA 20 6234′. TODA 02 6585′.
TODA 20 6798′.
10′ RPUD DTE +08:00 N14 07.9 E122 59.3
2300-0900.
Apt Administration 254-440-0159.
ABN. IBN. Fire 5.
06 5246′. TODA 24 3937′. ASDA 06 3937′. Dolores
ASDA 24 3904′. 7′ +08:00 N12 02.6 E125 28.5
ATND SKD SR-SS. 02/20 3281′ MACADAM. AUW-34/0.5000 MPa.
Fire 3. TODA 02 3609′. TODA 20 3609′. ASDA 02
3609′. ASDA 20 3609′.
Davao (Bangoy Intl) Apt of Entry
ATND SKD SR-SS.
96′ RPMD DVO +08:00 N07 07.5 E125 38.7
PHILIPPINES
Dumaguete 01/19 5577′ ASPHALT. PCN 9.8/F/B/Y/U.

15′ RPVD DGT +08:00 N09 20.2 E123 18.0 TODA 01 5774′. TODA 19 5906′. ASDA 01
Apt Administration (035) 225-0900. 5774′. ASDA 19 6135′.
09/27 6053′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 28.7/F/B/X/U. ATND SKD SR-SS.
TODA 27 6217′. ASDA 27 6217′. HIRL. Fire U.
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. General Santos City (Tambler Natl)
ATND SKD 2200-1000 UTC. Customs: On 505′ RPMR +08:00 N06 03.5 E125 05.8
request.
Apt Administration (083) 380-7601, 380-7617,
Caution: Apch zone Rwy 09 obstructed by trees
380-7625, 380-7603, 380-7604, 380-7609.
and house.
17/35 10587′ CONCRETE. PCN 70/R/B/X/U.
Fuel: U. O/R. TODA 17 11571′. TODA 35 11571′. ASDA 17
ABN. Fire 4. 11571′. ASDA 35 11571′. HIRL. HIALS 17.
Floridablanca (Basa AB) Rwy 35 Right-Hand Circuit.
151′ RPUF Mil. +08:00 N14 59.2 E120 29.6 2200-1000 ATND SKD 0000-0900 Mon-Fri.
Customs: On request.
03/21 8359′ ASPHALT. HIRL.
Closed to aircraft without a functioning two way
ATND SKD SR-SS Other times prior permis-
radio.
sion required from PAF.
Caution: Mt. Matutum, 18NM North 7523 ft
JP-4. JASU. Oxygen.
(2293m) high.
ABN. Fire U.
Jet A-1.
Fort Magsaysay Apt (Fort Magsaysay) ABN. Fire 9.
249′ RPLV Mil. +08:00 N15 26.1 E121 05.5
Guiuan
05/23 5249′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-70. LDA 05
7′ RPVG +08:00 N11 02.3 E125 44.5
5230′. LDA 23 5149′. RL. ALS.
07/25 7001′ ASPHALT. PCN 28.70/F/B/X/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
TODA 07 7500′. TODA 25 7500′. ASDA 07
Fire U. 7500′. ASDA 25 7500′.
Gasan (Marinduque) ATND SKD SR-SS.
15′ RPUW MRQ +08:00 N13 19.6 E121 50.9 Caution: Trees in apch zone Rwy 07.
Apt Administration (042) 342-10-01. Hilongos
16/34 4593′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/C/Y/T. TODA 12′ RPVH +08:00 N10 22.8 E124 44.6
16 4708′. TODA 34 4888′. ASDA 16 4708′.
18/36 3281′ MACADAM. AUW-38. TODA 18
ASDA 34 4888′.
3780′. TODA 36 3780′. ASDA 18 3609′. ASDA
2200--0600 UTC. 36 3701′.
Fire 4. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Gen Santos (Buayan) Open to light aircraft only.
28′ RPMB GES +08:00 N06 06.4 E125 14.0 Fire U.
Iba
11′ RPUI +08:00 N15 19.9 E119 58.1
PHILIPPINES
14/32 2953′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 10/F/B/Y/U. Laoag (Laoag Intl) Apt of Entry
TODA 14 3215′. TODA 32 3215′. ASDA 14 25′ RPLI LAO +08:00 N18 10.7 E120 31.9
3215′. ASDA 32 3215′. Apt Administration (077) 772-11-62.
Fire 3. 01/19 9121′ CONCRETE. PCN 44/R/A/W/T.
Iligan City (Iligan) TODA 01 9449′. ASDA 01 9318′. RL. HIALS.
1299′ RPMI IGN +08:00 N08 08.9 E124 12.6 Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit.
02/20 4593′ CONCRETE. PCN 29.2/R/B/W/T. 2200-1400. Customs: 2200-1000 O/R.
TODA 02 6069′. TODA 20 5085′. ASDA 02 Closed to aircraft without a functioning two-way
5249′. ASDA 20 4921′. radio.
ATND SKD 2200-1000. General Aviation PPR.
Fire U. All Commercial and General Aviation pilots are
advised to use south stub taxiway when enter-
Iloilo ing and exiting from apron in front of the build-
153′ RPVI ILO +08:00 N10 50.0 E122 29.6 ing due to presence of military aircraft at the
02/20 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 87/F/B/W/T. north end of same apron.
TODA 02 9186′. TODA 20 9186′. ASDA 02 Jet A-1.
8399′. ASDA 20 8399′. HIRL. HIALS 02. HIALS ABN. Fire 7.
20.
2100-1300. Lapu-Lapu (Lapu Lapu/Mactan-Cebu Intl)
Apt of Entry
Jet A-1.
32′ RPVM CEB +08:00 N10 18.5 E123 58.8
ABN. Fire 9.
Apt Administration (63) (032) 340-02-26, (63)
Jolo (032) 340-23-13; Fax (63) (032) 340-02-28.
118′ RPMJ JOL +08:00 N06 03.2 E121 00.6 04/22 10827′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 70/F/B/W/T.
09/27 4921′ CONCRETE. PCN 41/R/A/W/T. TODA 04 11483′. TODA 22 11319′. MIRL. ALS
TORA 27 3937′. LDA 09 3937′. TODA 27 4134′. 22.
ASDA 27 4134′. Rwy 09 Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 27 Landing not allowed. Customs.
2200-0600 UTC. Flight training allowed from 0000-0200Z &
Fire 4. 0400-0600Z.
Closed to acft without functioning two-way
Kalibo
radio.
91′ RPVK KLO +08:00 N11 40.8 E122 22.6
F-4, Jet A-1, Jet B.
05/23 7175′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/B/W/U.
ABN. Fire 9.
TODA 05 7306′. TODA 23 7372′. ASDA 05
7306′. ASDA 23 7372′. HIRL. Legazpi
2100-1300 UTC. 66′ RPLP LGP +08:00 N13 09.7 E123 44.1
No ACFT is allowed to remain overnight (RON) Apt Administration (052) 483-2236/483-2238;
due to ramp congestion. Fax (052) 483-2395.
ABN. Fire 7.
PHILIPPINES
06/24 7480′ CONCRETE. PCN 46/R/B/W/T. Pilots are advised to fly over the field prior to
LDA 06 7152′. LDA 24 6824′. ASDA 06 7808′. entering traffic pattern.
ASDA 24 7808′. HIRL. HIALS 24. Rwy open 2200-1000.
Rwy 06 Right-Hand Circuit. Exercise caution during take-off and landing
2300-0800 UTC. Customs: Prior notice. due to high tension wire on approach to Rwy 16
Caution: Apch Rwy 06-24 obstructed by trees, and a hill on approach to Rwy 34.
building. Radiosonde balloon release daily to a Fire U.
minimum height of 21,340'.
Malabang
82' red and white antenna on 1237' site 5.4 NM
NNE of airfield painted white and red. 27′ RPMM MLP +08:00 N07 37.0 E124 03.3
Jet A-1. 06/24 4265′ CONCRETE. PCN 11/F/C/Z/T.
TODA 06 4593′. TODA 24 4380′. ASDA 06
ABN. Fire 4.
4593′. ASDA 24 4380′.
Lipa (Fernando AB) ATND SKD 2200-1000.
1220′ RPUL Mil. +08:00 N13 57.3 E121 07.5 Fire U.
03/21 4950′ ASPH/CONC. C 130. RL. ALS.
Malay (Caticlan)
ATND SKD SR-SS.
18′ RPVE MPH +08:00 N11 55.5 E121 57.2
F-4.
Apt Administration (036) 288-7122. FSS (036)
ABN. Fire U. 288-7104.
Lubang (Lubang Community) 06/24 3117′ CONCRETE. PCN 40 R/C/W/U.
43′ RPLU LBX +08:00 N13 51.5 E120 06.4 TORA 24 2940′. LDA 06 2940′. TODA 24 3068′.
ASDA 24 2940′. Rwy 06 Takeoff not allowed.
Rwy 24 Landing not allowed.
07 4636′. TODA 25 4616′. ASDA 07 4236′.
ASDA 25 4242′. ATND SKD 0000-0900 MON-FRI.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Fire 4.
Fire U. Malaybalay
Lucena 2051′ RPMY +08:00 N08 08.5 E125 07.0
39′ RPUE +08:00 N13 56.9 E121 36.1 06/24 3156′ DIRT. AUW-45.
15/33 3281′ MACADAM. AUW-38. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Fire U.
Fire U. Mambajao (Camiguin)
Maasin 53′ RPMH CGM +08:00 N09 15.3 E124 42.2
328′ RPSM +08:00 N10 11.2 E124 47.0 07/25 4265′ CONCRETE. PCN 29.2/R/B/W/T.
TODA 07 4921′. TODA 25 4593′. ASDA 25
16/34 3642′ CONCRETE. AUW-38. TODA 16
4593′.
4101′. TODA 34 3839′. ASDA 16 3839′. ASDA
34 3839′. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Fire 3.
Closed to aircraft operations when wet.
PHILIPPINES
Mamburao Masbate (Masbate Principal)

13′ RPUM MBO +08:00 N13 12.2 E120 36.5 50′ RPVJ MBT +08:00 N12 22.0 E123 37.0
Apt Administration (043) 711-1008. Apt Administration (056) 3333-007; Fax (056)
16/34 4265′ CONCRETE. PCN 9/F/C/Y/T. 3333-008.
TODA 16 4593′. TODA 34 4593′. ASDA 16 03/21 4199′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/C/Y/T. TODA
4593′. ASDA 34 4593′. 03 4396′. ASDA 03 4396′. Rwy 03 Landing not
ATND SKD SR-SS. allowed. Rwy 21 Takeoff not allowed.
Fire 4. ATND SKD 2200-0600.
Caution: Mountain range located approx
Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl) Apt of Entry 3280-6561 ft from thr Rwy 03. Land Rwy 21,
75′ RPLL MNL +08:00 N14 30.6 E121 00.8 take-off Rwy 03.
Apt Administration (02) 832-2938, 831-6205; Fire 4.
Fax (02) 833-1180.
06/24 11188′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 114 F/D/W/U. Mati (Mati Natl)
TODA 06 11552′. TODA 24 11772′. ASDA 06 154′ RPMQ MXI +08:00 N06 57.3 E126 13.0
11552′. ASDA 24 11772′. HIRL. HIALS 06. Apt Administration (082) 234-2915.
13/31 5771′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 65 F/A/W/T. 14/32 4921′ CONCRETE. PCN 32.60/R/B/W/T.
TODA 13 6263′. TODA 31 6263′. ASDA 13 TODA 14 5249′. TODA 32 5249′. ASDA 14
6263′. ASDA 31 6263′. HIRL. 5249′. ASDA 32 5249′.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. Fire U.
F-2, F-4, F-5, Jet A-1, Jet B.
Naval (Biliran Natl)
ABN. Fire 9.
291′ RPVQ +08:00 N11 33.8 E124 24.8
Manila (Sangley AB) 13/31 3281′ MACADAM. TODA 13 3609′.
8′ RPLS SGL Mil. +08:00 N14 29.7 E120 TODA 31 3609′. ASDA 13 3609′. ASDA 31
54.3 3609′.
07/25 7576′ CONCRETE. S 105, T 165, Ormoc
ST 175, TT 315, SIWL 50. RL.
83′ RPVO OMC +08:00 N11 03.4 E124 33.9
SR-SS or 30 minutes after on visual meterology
Apt Administration 561-0606.
conditions ATND SKD SR-SS Or 30 minutes
after SS in visual meterology conditions. 18/36 4829′ CONCRETE. PCN 29.2 R/B/W/T.
ABN. Fire U. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Fire 3.
Mansalay (Wasig)
16′ RPLG +08:00 N12 32.1 E121 29.0 Ozamis
07/25 3281′ MACADAM. AUW-10. TODA 07 16′ RPMO OZC +08:00 N08 10.8 E123 50.5
3773′. TODA 25 3773′. ASDA 07 3609′. ASDA Apt Administration (088) 521-1785.
25 3609′. 03/21 5725′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/R/B/W/U.
ATND SKD SR-SS. ASDA 03 5922′.
Fire U. 2200-0800 UTC.
Fire 4.
PHILIPPINES
Pagadian ABN. Fire 6.

5′ RPMP PAG +08:00 N07 49.7 E123 28.6
Roxas
Apt Administration (062) 353-1338.
10′ RPVR RXS +08:00 N11 35.9 E122 45.2
02/20 5512′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 21/R/C/X/T.
Apt Administration (036) 621 09 91, (036) 621
TODA 02 5840′. TODA 20 6529′. ASDA 02
22 49.
5840′. ASDA 20 5807′.
0030-0830Z.
LDA 14 5869′. LDA 32 6004′. TODA 14 6299′.
Fire 4. TODA 32 6263′. ASDA 32 6243′. HIRL.
Palanan ABN. Fire 4.
164′ RPLN +08:00 N17 03.8 E122 25.9 San Fernando (San Fernando Community)
02/20 3281′ MACADAM. AUW-38. TODA 02 15′ RPUS SFE +08:00 N16 35.7 E120 18.2
3445′. TODA 20 3445′. ASDA 02 3445′. ASDA
Apt Operator 63-72-6075649; Fax
20 3445′.
63-72-6075648.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
01/19 6955′ CONCRETE. PCN 46/R/A/W/T.
Rwy unusable when wet. LDA 01 5088′. TODA 01 7152′. TODA 19 7152′.
Hill with trees 1640 ft from threshold Rwy 20. MIRL.
Pili (Naga) Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit.
142′ RPUN WNP +08:00 N13 34.9 E123 ATND SKD 2300-0900UTC.
15.7 ABN. Fire 4.
Apt Administration (054) 477-7109; Fax (054) San Jose
477-3832.
14′ RPUH SJI +08:00 N12 21.5 E121 02.8
04/22 4600′ CONCRETE. PCN 41 R/B/W/U.
TODA 04 5741′. TODA 22 4921′. ASDA 04
4747′. ASDA 22 4649′. HIRL. 10/28 6024′ CONCRETE. PCN 32.6/R/B/W/T.
TODA 10 6221′. TODA 28 6286′. ASDA 10
2200-0600Z.
6122′. ASDA 28 6221′.
Caution: Trees and poles in apch zone rwy 04.
ATND SKD 2300-1000.
ABN. Fire 4.
Fire 4.
Puerto Princesa (Puerto Princesa Intl) Apt
San Jose De Buena Vista (Antique)
of Entry
23′ RPVS +08:00 N10 46.0 E121 55.9
71′ RPVP PPS +08:00 N09 44.5 E118 45.5
18/36 3937′ CONCRETE. PCN 29.2/R/B/W/T.
Apt Administration 048-433-26-50; Fax
TODA 18 4265′. TODA 36 4265′. ASDA 18
048-433-49-65.
4265′. ASDA 36 4265′.
09/27 8530′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/B/W/T.
TODA 09 9055′. TODA 27 9104′. ASDA 09
8934′. ASDA 27 8960′. HIRL. MIALS 09. HIALS Fire 4.
27. San Julian (Borongan)
2200-1000Z ATND SKD 2200-1000Z. Customs: 7′ +08:00 N11 40.5 E125 28.8
2100-1300.
F-4, Jet A-1.
PHILIPPINES
02/20 3937′ MACADAM. TODA 02 4068′. Obstruction lights in unpopulated areas may be
TODA 20 4035′. ASDA 02 4068′. ASDA 20 missing.
4035′. Exercise extreme caution during landing/take-
ATND SKD SR-SS. off due to presence of 203 ft high cranelocated
at Leyte Wharf (N14 48 08.28 E120 16 01.56),
Siargao Is (Siargao) 3740 ft from runway centerline/seaside left of
10′ +08:00 N09 52.7 E125 58.1 RWY 07.
01/19 3281′ GRAVEL. AUW-30. Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
ATND SKD SR-SS. ABN. Fire 10.
Fire U.
Surallah (Allah Valley)
Silay (Bacolod) 591′ RPMA +08:00 N06 20.0 E124 45.1
86′ RPVB BCD +08:00 N10 46.6 E123 01.1 16/34 4396′ ASPHALT. PCN 12/F/B/Y/U.
03/21 6568′ CONCRETE. PCN 51 R/C/X/T. TODA 16 4941′. TODA 34 4954′. ASDA 16
TODA 03 8668′. TODA 21 7487′. ASDA 03 4790′. ASDA 34 4954′.
6765′. ASDA 21 6765′. HIRL. HIALS 03. HIALS ATND SKD SR-SS.
21. Fire 3.
ATND SKD 0000-0900 Mon-Fri. Surigao
Two way radio required. 20′ RPMS SUG +08:00 N09 45.5 E125 28.9
Jet A-1. Apt Administration (086) 826-1489.
ABN. Fire 9. 18/36 5577′ CONCRETE. PCN 33/R/B/W/T.
ASDA 36 5676′.
Siquijor ATND SKD 2200-0800UTC.
90′ RPVZ +08:00 N09 12.7 E123 28.3 Fire 4.
04/22 3937′ CONC/MAC. AUW-10.
Tablas Island (Romblon)
ATND SKD 0000-0800.
10′ RPVU TBH +08:00 N12 18.6 E122 04.6
Fire U.
03/21 4560′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 21/F/C/Y/T.
Subic Bay (Subic Bay Intl) Apt of Entry TODA 21 4724′. ASDA 21 4724′.
64′ RPLB SFS +08:00 N14 47.7 E120 16.3 2300-0700 UTC.
Apt Administration (047) 252-9361 to 9365, Fire 4.
252-5535; Fax (047) 252-9379/7171.
Tacloban (Daniel Z Romualdez)
07/25 9003′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 66 R/B/W/T.
TODA 07 9495′. TODA 25 9495′. ASDA 07 10′ RPVA TAC +08:00 N11 13.7 E125 01.7
9151′. ASDA 25 9151′. HIRL. ALS. Apt Administration (053) 321-2604, 325-5891;
Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit. Fax (053) 323-6191.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. 18/36 7014′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 46/R/B/W/U.
TODA 18 7408′. TODA 36 7260′. ASDA 36
Closed to acft without functioning two-way
7211′. HIRL.
radio.
Fruit bats in vicinity of airport Dec -Jun.
2100-1000. Customs.
PHILIPPINES
Narrow shoulder seaside runway 36. High ten- 05/23 4839′ CONC/MAC. TODA 05 5042′.
sion lines 158 ft across San JuanicoStrait 2.7 TODA 23 5482′. ASDA 05 5042′. ASDA 23
NM NNW of apt. 5482′.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Fire 9. Fire U.
Tagbilaran Vigan
38′ RPVT TAG +08:00 N09 39.9 E123 51.2 33′ RPUQ +08:00 N17 33.3 E120 21.0
Apt Administration (038) 411-3320. Apt Administration (077) 722-6640.
17/35 5837′ CONCRETE. PCN 37.75/R/B/W/U. 02/20 3822′ ASPHALT. PCN 7.5/F/B/Z/U.
HIRL. HIALS 35. 0000-0800Z.
Caution: Residential houses at the end of Rwy Caution: Road crossing runway.
17. Trees in apch zone Rwy 35. Fire 3.
Fire 5.
Virac
Tandag 121′ RPUV VRC +08:00 N13 34.5 E124
16′ RPMW TDG +08:00 N09 03.9 E126 10.1 12.9
Apt Administration (086) 211-4186. Apt Administration (052) 811-1759.
03/21 4462′ CONCRETE. PCN 24/R/B/X/T. 06/24 5758′ CONCRETE. PCN 37.4/R/B/ZT.
TODA 03 4790′. TODA 21 4790′. ASDA 03 TODA 06 5955′. TODA 24 6020′. ASDA 06
4790′. ASDA 21 4790′. 5955′. ASDA 24 5955′.
0000-0900Z. 2200-0600Z.
Fire 3. Caution: Trees in approach zone Rwy 24.
Tarumpitao Point (Tarumpitao) Fire 4.
2′ +08:00 N09 03.0 E117 38.0 Zamboanga (Zamboanga Intl) Apt of Entry
14/32 3828′ DIRT. 33′ RPMZ ZAM +08:00 N06 55.3 E122 03.6
ATND SKD SR-SS. Apt Administration 991-1394; Fax 991-9372.
Fire U. 09/27 8560′ CONCRETE. PCN 46/F/B/W/T.
TODA 09 8829′. TODA 27 8809′. RL.
Tuguegarao
70′ RPUT TUG +08:00 N17 38.4 E121 43.7
ATND SKD 2100-1300. Customs: 0000-0900
Apt Administration (078) 844-10-11.
Mon-Sun.
Two-way radio required.
TODA 17 6292′. TODA 35 6397′. ASDA 17
6456′. ASDA 35 6292′. Construction.
0000-0800Z. A-Gear 3 ft high located 16 ft before threshold
at each end of runway. Exercise caution during
Fire 4.
take-off & landing.
Ubay F-2, F-4, Jet A-1, J.
25′ RPSN +08:00 N10 02.9 E124 28.1 ABN. Fire 6.
SAMOA
Apia (Faleolo Intl) Apt of Entry

58′ NSFA APW -11:00 S13 49.8 W171 59.8
Apt Administration (685) 23 201, 23 202; Fax
(685) 24 281.
08/26 9842′ ASPHALT. PCN 58/F/B/X/T. TODA
08 10039′. TODA 26 10531′. ASDA 26 10334′.
HIRL. ALS.
CAUTION: Groups of small sea birds frequently
congregate on the runway.
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire 8.
SOLOMON IS
Auki Mono (Mono/Stirling Island)

29′ AGGA AKS +11:00 S08 42.2 E160 40.9 35′ AGGO +11:00 S07 24.9 E155 34.0
18/36 3100′ CORAL. PCN 30. TODA 18 4085′. 04/22 3281′ CORAL.
TODA 36 4085′.
Munda Apt of Entry
9′ AGGM MUA +11:00 S08 19.2 E157 15.7
ATND SKD SR-SS.
07/25 4593′ CORAL. PCN 20. LDA 25 5400′.
CAUTION: Unattended aerodrome, NIL fenc-
TODA 07 5906′. TODA 25 6473′. ASDA 07
ing. Persons and animals may be on strip.
4921′. ASDA 25 5249′.
Ballalae ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: Unspecified
6′ AGGE BAS +11:00 S06 59.0 E155 53.1 hours.
04/22 5413′ SAND. CAUTION: Unattended aerodrome, NIL fenc-
ATND SKD UNATTENDED. Customs. ing. Persons and animals may be on strip.
CAUTION: Unattended aerodrome, NIL fenc- Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
ing. Persons and animals may be on strip. Seghe
Honiara (Honiara Intl /Henderson Field) Apt 5′ AGGS +11:00 S08 34.7 E157 52.5
of Entry 10/28 3002′ CORAL. PCN 20. LDA 10 3186′.
30′ AGGH HIR +11:00 S09 25.3 E160 03.1 LDA 28 3330′. TODA 10 3186′. TODA 28 3330′.
Apt Administration (677) 36563, 36567, 36720. ASDA 10 3186′. ASDA 28 3330′.
06/24 7218′ ASPHALT. PCN 54/F/C/W/T. ATND SKD SR-SS.
TODA 06 7415′. TODA 24 10302′. RL. ALS. CAUTION: Unattended aerodrome, NIL fenc-
Rwy 24 Right-Hand Circuit. ing. Persons and animals may be on strip.
ATND SKD MON-FRI 2100-0530 UTC. Cus- Pilots to excercise caution during wet due to
toms. surface grade and softness.
CAUTION: 800m of abandoned rwy prior to rwyYandina (Yandina/Russell Islands)
06 threshold. 66′ AGGY XYA +11:00 S09 05.6 E159 13.1
F-4, O/R. Jet A-1. O/R. 12/30 3051′ CORAL. PCN 20. TODA 12 3855′.
ABN. Fire 7. TODA 30 3855′. ASDA 12 3675′. ASDA 30
3150′.
Kirakira
Unattended.
8′ AGGK +11:00 S10 26.5 E161 53.8
nimals may be on strip.
10/28 4377′ UNPAVED. LCN 20. TORA 10
3970′. TORA 28 3970′. LDA 10 3970′. LDA 28 CAUTION: Horses and cattle may enter the
3970′. TODA 10 4954′. TODA 28 4954′. ASDA RWY at any time.
10 3970′. ASDA 28 3970′.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
CAUTION: Unattended aerodrome, NIL fenc-
ing. Persons and animals may be on strip.
Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
TONGA
Ha'Apai-Lifuka Island (Ha'Apai-Lifuka) 17/35 4951′ GRASS. ESWL 30. TORA 17

25′ NFTL HPA +13:00 S19 46.6 W174 20.4 3819′. TORA 35 4163′. LDA 17 4163′. LDA 35
Apt Administration (676) 22 608; Fax (676) 27 3819′. TODA 17 3819′. TODA 35 4163′.
942; vmaake@tongaairports.com. ATND SKD 1710 Sun - 1010 Mon, 1710 Mon -
11/29 3937′ BITUMEN. PCN 700/.7. TODA 11 0720 Tue, 1710 Tue - 0720 Wed, 1710 Wed -
4134′. TODA 29 4134′. ASDA 11 4003′. ASDA 1010 Thu, 1710 Thu - 0630 Fri, 1030 Fri - 0730
29 4003′. Sat, Times in UTC. Except Sunday, services
available outside published hours by prior per-
ATND SKD Mon-Sat 1930-0330 UTC
mission. Customs.
(0830L-1630L) Excluding Holidays, daylight
operation and approved flights only. All flights request to operate outside airport
operational hours will obtain approval from aer-
CAUTION: Transitional side surfaces are
odrome administration at least 48 hours prior to
infringed by the NDB antenna and palm trees.
ETD. All changeswill be promulgated by
Daylight operations Mon - Sat inclusive only.
NOTAM.
FSS operational subject to flight schedules and
prior request only. RWY 17/35 available for local traffic only,
except in an emergency, or with prior
ATS services hours: Mondays to Saturdays.
approval from the aerodrome operator who has
CAUTION: Stray animals during non-scheduled
received not less than 24 hours
operations as gates are not controlled.
notice.
Jet A-1.
Overnight parking limited and available only by
Niuafo'ou prior arrangement.
149′ NFTO NFO +13:00 S15 34.3 W175 eet category duty strength as per aircraft type
37.8 scheduled. Fire and rescue CAT8 available with
Apt Administration (676) 22 608; Fax (676) 27 30 prior notice - contact airport Rescure Fire
942; afaletau@mca.govt.to, vmaake@tongaair- Service. Tel +676 35 375 or +676 775 6249.
ports.com. Jet A-1.
08/26 3478′ GRASS. ABN. Fire 5.
Vava'u Apt of Entry
CAUTION: Braking action poor when wet.
233′ NFTV VAV +13:00 S18 35.1 W173 58.1
CAUTION: Beware of stray animals.
Apt Administration (676) 22 608, (676) 74
Nuku'Alofa (Fua'Amotu Intl) Apt of Entry 67976, or (676) 86 67976; Fax (676) 27 942;
126′ NFTF TBU +13:00 S21 14.5 W175 08.4 vmaake@tongaairports.com.
Apt Administration (676) 22 608; Fax (676) 27 08/26 5577′ ASPHALT. LCN 10. LDA 08 3924′.
942; VMAAKE@TONGAAIRPORTS.COM. LDA 26 4593′. ALS.
ARO H24 (676) 35 222, 35 355; Fax (676) 35 ATND SKD Mon-Sat 1930-0330
210, 35 123. Apt Operator (675) 35 001, 35 UTC(0830L-1630L) Excluding Holidays,
002; Fax (676) 35 003. approved flights only. Customs.
11/29 8763′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/B/X/T. TODA Apt of entry with prior permission.
11 8960′. TODA 29 8960′. ASDA 11 8960′. RL. Sunday operations not permitted except in an
ALS 11. emergency.
CAUTION: Rising terrrain to north and west.
TONGA
PAPI must be operational for night landings.

All acft shall make every turn on the runway as
wide as possible to avoid runway damage.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 4.
TUVALU
Funafuti (Funafuti Intl) Apt of Entry

9′ NGFU FUN +12:00 S08 31.5 E179 11.7
Apt Administration 688-20102 or 688-20839;
Fax 688-20843 or 688-20820.
03/21 5040′ CORAL. PCN 8/F/A/Y/T. TODA 03
5236′. TODA 21 5236′. ASDA 03 5236′. ASDA
21 5236′.
ATND SKD 1930-0415 Mon-Thu 1930-0045 Fri
Other times 24 hr PN. Customs.
Runway side clearances of strip are infringed
by buildings, trees, and radio aerials.
Parking apron adjacent to the terminal building
can accommodate only oneaircraft at a time.
Parking apron located at northwest of RWY 21
can also accommodate one aircraft.
Wind direction and speed is based on automa-
ted data from the meteorological office.
CAUTION: Animals may be present on runway
and movement areas due to inadequate fenc-
ing.
Jet A-1.
Fire 3.
US PAC TERR
American Samoa Rwy 24R Right-Hand Circuit.

06R/24L 10014′ ASPH/CONC.
Pago Pago (Pago Pago Intl) Apt of Entry
PCN 69/F/B/X/U. LDA 24L 9014′. MIRL. MIALS
32′ NSTU PPG -11:00 S14 19.9 W170 42.7 06R.
Apt Administration 684-633-4251, Rwy 24L Right-Hand Circuit.
684-733-3051. Apt Manager 684-733-1119,
Rwy End (RW06R): A-GEAR 1500 FROM AER
684-733-4510.
Weight Bear Capacity (RW06R/24L): Rwy
05/23 10000′ ASPH/CONC. D-170, DT 250,
06R/24L not available for B-747 operations.
DDT 600, S 75. TORA 05 9200′. LDA 05 8200′.
LDA 23 9200′. TODA 05 10200′. ASDA 05 Rwy End (RW24L): A-GEAR BI DIR 1500 AER
9200′. HIRL. MIALS 05. Pilot Controlled Light- ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24
ing. Transient aircraft provide 24 hours advance
Rwy 05 Right-Hand Circuit. information to executive manager Guam Inter-
08/26 3800′ ASPHALT. S 75, D-150, DT 230, national Airport Authority; 1-671-642-4455 Mon-
DDT 550. HIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Fri 0800-1700 LT or fax 1-671-646-8823.
Rwy 08 Right-Hand Circuit. F-3, Jet A-1, JP-5. JASU. Oxygen.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: Prior notice ABN. Fire E.
required. Guam I (Andersen AFB) Apt of Entry
PPR and 24 HR prior notice required except 627′ PGUA UAM Mil. +10:00 N13
scheduled acft. 35.0 E144 55.8
Birds in vicinity of airport. 06L/24R 10549′ ASPH/CONC.
All aircraft transiting Pago Pago (except com-
PCN 88/R/B/W/T. HIRL. HIALS 24R.
mercial carriers) must make fuel arrangements
with PPG at 684-733-3158.
06R/24L 11204′ ASPH/CONC.
F-4, Jet A-1. PCN 99 R/A/W/T. HIRL. HIALS 06R.
ABN. Fire C. Rwy 06R Right-Hand Circuit.
Tau Island, American Samoa (Fitiuta Apt.) ATND SKD H24.
110′ FAQ -11:00 S14 13.0 W169 25.4 Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
12/30 3200′ CONCRETE. MIRL. Pilot Control- for additional information.
led Lighting. JP-5, JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
ATND SKD 1600-0400Z. ABN.
ABN. Fire A.
Marshall Is
Guam Enewetak Atoll (Enewetak Aux AF) Apt of
Agana (Guam Intl) Apt of Entry Entry
298′ PGUM GUM +10:00 N13 29.0 E144 13′ PKMA ENT Mil. +12:00 N11 20.4 E162
47.8 19.7
FSS 836-8054. 06/24 7700′ ASPHALT. T 106, ST 134, TT 170,
TDT 575.
06L/24R 10015′ ASPH/CONC.
PCN 69/F/B/X/U. HIRL. MIALS 06L.
US PAC TERR
ATND SKD 2000-0500 Mon-Sat. Customs: Roi-Namur (Dyess AAF)

Same as airport. 14′ PKRO Mil. +12:00 N09 23.8 E167 28.3
ABN. Fire U. 04/22 4499′ ASPHALT. PCN 11/F/B/W/T. HIRL.
Jabor Jaluit Atoll (Jaluit) Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
4′ N55 UIT +12:00 N05 54.4 E169 38.5
ABN. Fire U.
FSS 836-8054.
03/21 5000′ GRAVEL. Micronesia
ATND SKD ON CALL.
F-4. O/R. Angaur I (Angaur Airstrip)
20′ ANG +10:00 N06 54.0 E134 09.0
Kwajalein Atoll (Bucholz AAF) Apt of Entry FSS 836-8054.
9′ PKWA KWA Mil. +12:00 N08 43.2 E167 05/23 7000′ GRAVEL.
43.9
06/24 6668′ ASPHALT. S 158, T 205, ST 260,
Fire U.
TT 308, PCN 27/F/A/W/T. HIRL.
ATND SKD 1730-0930 Tue-Sat, 1830-0930 Babelthuap I (Peleliu)
Mon. Customs. 9′ C23 +10:00 N07 00.0 E134 14.0
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications FSS 836-8054.
for additional information. 04/22 6000′ GRAVEL.
JP-5. JASU. Oxygen. ATND SKD Unattended.
ABN.
Kosrae I (Kosrae)
Majuro Atoll (Marshall Is Intl) 11′ PTSA KSA +10:00 N05 21.4 E162 57.5
6′ PKMJ MAJ +12:00 N07 03.9 E171 16.3 FSS 836-8054.
Apt Manager (692) 247-7612/3113; Fax (692) 05/23 5751′ ASPHALT. D-152. MIRL. Pilot
247-3888. FSS 836-8054. Controlled Lighting.
07/25 7897′ ASPHALT. DT 290, Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit.
PCN 64/F/B/X/T, S 120, D-171. MIRL. Pilot
ATND SKD Mon-Fri: 0800-1600LT. Sat
0900-1400LT. Sun: On Call.
ATND SKD On request. Lndg Rights.
PPR for landing to be filed 48 hours in
PPR for landing from arpt manager 24 hrs in advanced with FSM secretary of transportation,
advance. After sender has confirmedfuel deliv- communications & infrastructure.
ery, he/she must give 24 hrs advance notice to
Flight plan must be filed 12 hrs priorto ETA;
airport Superintendentand Immigration Officer.
include Pohnpei Intl (PTPN) as address of flight
If ETA is between 0400Z Fri to 2200Z Mon, 48
plan.
hrs advance notice must be given.
Please see FSMDOTC&I: Division of Civil Avia-
Airport superintendent available Sun-Fri/
tion's website for provedures and forms used to
0800-1700; phone 692-247-7612/3113; Fax
request PPR into FSM; http://www.ict.fm/civila-
692-247-3888.
viation/forms.html.
Jet A-1. O/R.
ABN.
US PAC TERR
Unmarked/unlighted terrain 797 ft MSL located Fast rising terrain to 751 ft MSL within 1/2 mile
aprxly 7200 ft SE of apt. immediatly SE of the runway.Concrete water
Ships with masts as high as 200 ft MSL may be breaker at each end of rwy pavement.
traversing harbor entrance south of runway. Transient aircraft must make prior arrange-
For fuel transient aircraft must make prior ments for fuel by calling (691) 370-2477.
arrangements by calling (691) 370-2477. PPR for landing must be filed 48 hrs in advance
Jet A-1. with the FSM Secretary of Transportation,
Communication, and Infrastructure.
Pohnpei I (Pohnpei Intl) Apt of Entry PPR for rotating beacon contact Truk Radio
9′ PTPN PNI +10:00 N06 59.1 E158 12.5 123.6 MHz.
Apt Manager 320-2611. FSS 836-8054. F-3, O/R. Jet A-1.
09/27 6600′ ASPHALT. S 75, T 170, ST 175, ABN.
TT 290. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
Rwy 27 Right-Hand Circuit. Yap I (Yap Intl) Apt of Entry
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0800-1700. Sat 91′ PTYA YAP +10:00 N09 29.9 E138 04.9
0800-1500. Sun 1900-0200. Customs: H24. 07/25 6000′ ASPHALT. TT 303, TDT 840,
Be alert to ships with max height of 150 ft in S 150, T 190, ST 175. MIRL. Pilot Controlled
Pohnpei Channel, 400 ft off approachend rwy Lighting.
09. For advisory contact Ponape Radio prior to ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0730-1630. Sat: On Call.
final approach or departure. Sun: On Call. Customs.
F-3, F-4, Jet A-1. PPR for landing to be filed 48 hr in advance
ABN. Fire U. with Mr. Akillino Susaia, Secretary of Transpor-
tation, Federated States of Micronesia. P.O.
Ulithi I (Ulithi) Box PS-2, Pohnpei, FSM96941, phone
6′ TT02 ULI +10:00 N10 01.0 E139 48.0 011(691) 320-2865, fax 011-(691)320-2798.
FSS 836-8054. Please see FSM DOTC&I: Division of Civil Avi-
09/27 3300′ ASPHALT. ation's website for provedures and forms used
to request PPRmake prior arrangements for
fuel with Mobil Oil Guam. into FSM; http://
Prior permission required from FSM DOT, com- www.ict.fm/civilaviation/forms.html.
munication & infrastructure: civil aviation divi-
Transient aircraft must
sion, 691-320-2865. Remain in contact with
PTYA. Jet A-1.
Fire U. ABN.
Weno I (Chuuk Intl) Apt of Entry Midway I

10′ PTKK TKK +10:00 N07 27.7 E151 50.6
Midway Atoll (Henderson Field)
18′ PMDY MDY -11:00 N28 12.1 W177 22.9
04/22 6006′ ASPHALT. DW 176, S 115. MIRL.
06/24 7800′ ASPHALT. T 260, ST 175, TT 390,
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0730-1630LT. Sat:
S 195. LDA 24 7400′. ASDA 24 7400′. HIRL.
0730-1630LT. Sun: 1800-0300LT. Customs.
US PAC TERR
ATND SKD H24. TPA: Large and turbine powered aircraft 1494
Be alert for heavy bird strike hazards at all AGL (2101'), Small aircraft 994' AGL (1601')
times. ABN. Fire A.
Current bird activity status available during ini-
Saipan I (Francisco C. Ada/Saipan Intl) Apt
tial contact inbound and prior to takeoff and
of Entry
landing onFreq: 126.200.
211′ PGSN SPN +10:00 N15 07.2 E145
Fuel available J-P5. PPR for fuel. Contact Air-
43.8
port Manager, 24 hours prior to aircraft opera-
tions 670-237-6529, 670-664-3535. Apt Manager
670-237-6500; Mobile 670-285-1512. FSS
Except when necessary for takeoff and landing,
836-8054.
all aircraft maintain minimum altitude of 5000 ft
MSL within 12 miles of airport. 06/24 7001′ ASPHALT.
ARFF indexL. 07/25 8700′ ASPHALT. D-175, DT 350,
DDT 690, S 87. ASDA 25 8900′. HIRL. MIALS
JP-5.
07.
ABN. Fire A.
Northern Mariana Is ATND SKD ATTND CONT, PPR required from
Exec Dir Commonwealth ports Auth Saipan call
Rota I (Rota I Intl) Apt of Entry 670-664-3500/01/02 M-F 0730-1630LT other
607′ PGRO ROP +10:00 N14 10.5 E145 times call 288-5568/69. Customs: Immigration
14.5 & Customs available during scheduled opera-
Apt Administration 670-237-6500, tions, other times prior arrangements must be
670-664-3500. 670-532-9596. Apt Manager made with CBP Port Director call (670)
670-532-9497; Mobile 671-898-5684. 288-0025/26.
09/27 7000′ ASPHALT. D-130, DT 220, S 90. Prior Permission Required from Executive
MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting. Director Commonwealth Ports Authority
Saipan, call 670-237-6500 Mon-Fri 0730-1630,
other times call 288-5568/69.
Runway 09 1000' extension gross allowable air-
ASOStelephone number 670-288-5017.
craft weight: single wheel 45,000lbs, dual wheel
150,000 lbs, DC-10 590,000 lbs, B-747 Traffic Pattern Alt: Large and Turbine Powered
780,000. aircraft 1700' MSL, (1485' AGL) , Small Aircraft
1200' MSL, (985' AGL).
ATND SKD 0600-2000LT. Lndg Rights: Immi-
gration customs and quarantine available FAR 139 ARFF index: Closed to unscheduled
during scheduled aircraft operations; other air carrier operations with more than 30 pas-
times prior arrangements must be made with senger seats except prior permission required
field supervisors (670) call or write Airport Manager P.O. box 501055
532-0026/0027/9455/9493 respectively. Saipan MP 96950
PPR for unscheduled operations from the Exec- 100 octane, F-3, Jet A-1.
utive Director, Commmonwealth PortsAuthority. ABN. Fire D.
Call Mon-Fri (670)-237-6500
Tinian I (Tinian Intl)
Radio operator, ARFF personnel, and weather
271′ PGWT TIQ +10:00 N15 00.0 E145 37.2
observation daily 0600-2000LT.
US PAC TERR
Apt Manager 433-3277. FSS 836-8054. Wake I

08/26 8600′ ASPH/CONC. S 75, D-200,
Wake I
DDT 832, TT 400. MIRL. Pilot Controlled Light-
ing. 23′ PWAK AWK Mil. +12:00 N19 16.9 E166
38.2
Apt Administration 808-424-2101/2000; Fax
ATND SKD 0600-2000 LT Other times PPR
808-424-2165, DSN 315-424-2165; wakeair-
from Executive Director Commonwealth Ports
ops@hawaiian.net. AWOS 808-424-2195.
Authority Saipan call 664-3500/01/02 Mon-Fri.
Customs: Immigration and customs available 10/28 9844′ ASPHALT. PCN 101/F/A/W/T.
during scheduled operations. Other times prior HIRL.
arrangements must be made with Chief Immi- ATND SKD Operates 2000-0500, Tue-Sat.
gration Saipan call 664-3131/32. Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
Airport closed to unscheduled air carrier opera- for additional information.
tions with more than 10 passenger seats except JP-5. JASU.
24 hours PPR required in writing to: Airport ABN. Fire C.
Manager. P.O. Box 501055, Saipan, MP
96950-1055.
Traffic Pattern Alt: Large and turbine powered
acft 1532', small acft 1032' AGL
ABN. Fire A.
Palau
Babelthuap I (Babelthuap/Koror) Apt of
Entry
176′ PTRO ROR +09:00 N07 22.0 E134
32.7
FSS 836-8054.
09/27 7200′ ASPH/CONC. ST 175, TT 314,
D-190, PCN 27/F/B/Y/U, DT 300, S 75, T 138.
MIRL. Pilot Controlled Lighting.
CAUTION: Large number of birds on rwy at
night.
Fuel: A1+ Jet Fuel stored at apt; 100 and 130
octane in dock area.
F-4, F-5, Jet A-1, Jet A-1+.
ABN. Fire U Acft rescue and firefighting availa-
ble 2 hours prior to scheduled acft arrival and
until 1 hour after departure.
VANUATU
Emae (Sangafa) Apt of Entry 15/33 4035′ ASPHALT. PCN 17/F/A/Y/T. TODA
7′ NVSE +11:00* S17 05.6 E168 20.0 15 4232′. TODA 33 4232′. ASDA 15 4232′.
14/32 3281′ GRASS. UNKNOUN. ASDA 14 ASDA 33 4232′.
3740′. ASDA 32 4036′. Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 14 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0800-1200 Local,
ATND SKD PPR. 1300-1700 Local. Customs: By prior arrange-
ment.
Port Vila (Bauerfield) Apt of Entry F-4, Jet A-1.
70′ NVVV VLI +11:00* S17 42.0 E168 19.2 Fire 4.
Apt Administration (678) 25 111; Fax (678) 25
532; info@vli.aero. ATS Fax (678) 24 459.
11/29 8530′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/B/W/T.
TODA 11 9022′. TODA 29 8727′. ASDA 11
8727′. ASDA 29 8727′. RL. ALS 11.
ATND SKD 0800-1200L, 1300-1700L. Mon-Fri.
Customs: H24.
CAUTION: On straight in apch to rwy 11, the
PAPI 'on glide slope' indications do not provide
safe terrain clearance over Klehm Hill. 'On glide
slope' indication should only be used within 2
NM of touchdown.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 7.
Santo (Santo/Pekoa) Apt of Entry

184′ NVSS SON +11:00 S15 30.3 E167 13.3
Apt Operator (678) 36 755; Fax (678) 36 277.
12/30 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 38/F/C/X/T. TODA
12 6726′. TODA 30 6726′. ASDA 12 6726′.
ASDA 30 6726′. RL.
ATND SKD 0800-1200L, 1300-1700L Mon-Fri.
Customs: Prior arrangement.
F-4, Jet A-1.
Fire 4.
Tanna (White Grass) Apt of Entry

19′ NVVW TAH +11:00* S19 27.3 E169 13.4
Apt Administration 678 68 771.
Airport Directory
Airport Data - Far East

AIRPORT DATA - FAR EAST 1786
CAMBODIA
Battambang ATND SKD SR-SS.

59′ VDBG BBM +07:00 N13 05.7 E103 13.4 Fire 3.
Apt Administration 855 16 933 667.
Siem Reap
07/25 5249′ BITUMEN. AUW-110. RL.
59′ VDSR REP +07:00 N13 24.6 E103 48.7
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: SR-SS.
Apt Administration 855 16 771 139; Fax 855
Fire 5. 063963115.
Koh Kong 05/23 8366′ ASPHALT. PCN 73/F/B/X/U. RL.
16′ VDKK +07:00 N11 36.8 E102 59.8 Rwy 05 Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 23 Landing
not allowed.
ATND SKD Daily from 2300 to 1900 UTC
12/30 4265′ LATERITE. AUW-66.
(0600LT to 0200LT). Customs: Daily from
ATND SKD SR-SS. 2300-1900 UTC.
Kratie Jet A-1.
98′ VDKT +07:00 N12 29.1 E106 03.8 Fire 8.
03/21 3609′ LATERITE. Sihanouk (Sihanouk Intl)
ATND SKD SR-SS. 33′ VDSV KOS +07:00 N10 34.5 E103 38.0
Mondulkiri Apt Administration 855-16-433-444/12-568-674;
2296′ VDMK +07:00 N12 27.8 E107 11.2 Fax 855-34-399-033.
Apt Administration 855 12 940 430. 03/21 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 50 F/A/W/T.
RL. ALS.
04/22 3281′ LATERITE. AUW-66.
ATND SKD 2300-1100Z.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
Fuel Services: Jet A-1 to be ordered 3 days in
Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh Intl) Apt of Entry advance for charter flights.
40′ VDPP PNH +07:00 N11 32.8 E104 50.6 Jet A-1.
Apt Administration (855) 23 890 194/16 933 ABN. Fire 7.
660; Fax (885) 23 890 463.
Stung Treng
05/23 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 80/F/B/X/U. LDA
23 9350′. RL. ALS. 197′ VDST +07:00 N13 32.0 E106 01.0
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. Apt Administration 855 16 851 469.
ATND SKD Daily from 2300 to 1900 UTC 02/20 4265′ ASPHALT. AUW-110.
(0600-0200 LT). Customs: Daily 2300-1900 ATND SKD SR-SS.
UTC. Fire 3.
F-4, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 8.
Ratanakiri
1063′ VDRK +07:00 N13 43.8 E106 59.2
18/36 4265′ LATERITE. AUW-66.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
A-306 see Chunchon noise abatement except for aircraft in an emer-

gency or in an unavoidable situation and heli-
A-511 (Desiderio AAF) see Camp copters.
Humphreys
Jet A-1.
Busan (Busan Aero) ABN. Fire 9.
6′ RKPP Mil. +09:00 N35 10.3 E129 07.7
Camp Humphreys (A-511 (Desiderio AAF))
15/33 6520′ ASPHALT. SIWL 30.
53′ RKSG Mil. +09:00 N36 57.7 E127 01.9
ATND SKD H24.
14/32 8124′ ASPHALT. PCN 36/F/C/W/T. LDA
F-5, JP-4. 14 6572′. LDA 32 7497′. HIRL.
ABN. ATND SKD H24.
Busan (Gimhae Intl) Apt of Entry Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications
13′ RKPK PUS +09:00 N35 10.8 E128 56.3 for additional information.
Apt Administration 82-51-974-2214---5; Fax ABN. Fire U.
82-51-974-2216. Cheongju (Cheongju Intl) Apt of Entry
18L/36R 8999′ CONCRETE. PCN 78/R/B/W/T. 192′ RKTU CJJ +09:00 N36 43.0 E127 29.9
TODA 18L 9984′. TODA 36R 9984′. HIRL. HIA-
Apt Administration 82-43-210-6301,
LSLDIN 18L. HIALS 36R.
210-6331,2; Fax 82-43-210-6333.
Bi-Dir A-Gear 1720 ft AER. Uni-Dir A-Gear at
06L/24R 9003′ CONCRETE. PCN 63/R/B/W/T.
threshold.
HIRL. ALS 06L. HIALS 24R.
Bi-Dir A-Gear 1720 ft AER. Uni-Dir A-Gear at
06R/24L 9003′ CONCRETE. PCN 52/R/B/W/T.
threshold.
HIRL. HIALS 24L.
18R/36L 10499′ CONCRETE.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: HO.
PCN 55/R/B/W/T. TODA 18R 11483′. TODA
36L 11483′. HIRL. LDIN 18R. HIALS 36L. Intensive light aircraft training in progress South
and Southwest vicinity of airport.
Rwy 18R grooved except 984' (300m) inward
from THR. 474' steel tower 1.5NM WNW of airport.
Rwy 36L grooved except 312' (95m) inward East part of parking ramp not visible from
from THR. Tower.
ATND SKD 2100-1400 UTC. Customs: HO. Frequent vehicles and maintenance equipment
on parallel taxiway.
CAUTION: Mountainous area to the north of
airport. Birds in vicinity of airport. Brids in the vicinity of Airport.
Follow-me service is available to arriving air- Jet A-1. JASU.
craft. Pilot should make the request to Gimhae ABN. Fire 8.
Ground or Gimhae Ramp Control. Aircraft shall
Chinhae (R-813)
monitor the appropriate Gimhae Ground and/or
Gimhae Ramp Control frequencies while taxi- 8′ RKPE CHF Mil. +09:00 N35 08.6 E128
ing. 41.7
When conducting a circling approach to land 17/35 3600′ ASPHALT. U-21 CH-47 C-150.
Rwy 18L/R, it is recommended that all aircraft ATND SKD SR-SS.
avoid flying north of Namhae expressway for F-5, Fuel: U.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Choongwon (Jungwon AB) Bird concentration in the vicinity of airport.

281′ RKTI Mil. +09:00 N37 01.8 E127 53.1 During the quiet hours , unsurpassed engine
18L/36R 9021′ CONCRETE. ST 175, TDT 769, runs and non-essential aircraft operations are
TT 316. HIRL. HIALS 36R. prohibited, except civil airlines authorized by
Rwy End (RW18L): AGEAR 1300ft, 2500ft AER ROKAF.
Rwy End (RW36R): AGEAR 1300ft, 2500ft VFR Circuit Altitude:
AER Helicopter: 600 ft West pattern
18R/36L 9330′ CONCRETE. ST 175, TT 316, Jet Aircraft: 2000 ft East Pattern
TDT 769. HIRL. Conventional aircraft: 1200 ft West Pattern
JP-4. VFR weather ceiling minimum at or above 2500
ABN. ft.
Jet A-1.
Chunchon (A-306)
ABN. Fire 7.
245′ RKNC QUN Mil. +09:00 N37
53.1 E127 42.9 Gangneung
03/21 4053′ ASPHALT. PCN 39/F/C/W/T. 35′ RKNN KAG +09:00 N37 45.2 E128 56.7
HIRL. Phone: 82 33 652 2391 Fax: 82 33 652 5391
ATND SKD H24. Gangneung Airport Office numbers.
JP-4. O/R. JASU. 08/26 9000′ CONCRETE. PCN 45/R/B/X/T.
ABN. Fire U. HIRL.
ATND SKD H24.
Daegu (Daegu Intl) Apt of Entry
F-5, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen.
120′ RKTN TAE +09:00 N35 53.6 E128 39.5
ABN. Fire 6.
Apt Administration 82-53-980-5203, 5204; Fax
82-53-982-4154. Gimhae Intl see Busan
13L/31R 8999′ CONCRETE. PCN 77/R/C/X/T.
Gimpo Intl see Seoul
HIRL. MIALS 13L. HIALS 31R.
Military operations only (except urgency or Gunsan (Gunsan AB)
emergency acft when Rwy 13R/31L closed). 29′ RKJK KUV +09:00 N35 54.2 E126 37.0
13R/31L 9039′ CONCRETE. PCN 66/R/C/X/T. Apt Administration 82-63-471-5820; Fax
HIRL. HIALS 13R. HIALS 31L. 82-63-471-5830.
Bi-dir A-gear 1308' from AER. 18/36 9008′ CONCRETE. PCN 37/R/B/W/T.
Bi-dir A-gear 1693' from AER. HIRL. HIALS.
ATND SKD MON -THU and SAT 2100-1300 Bi-dir A-gear 1410 ft & 2525 ft AER.
UTC, airport quiet hours come in effect Bi-dir A-gear 1406 ft & 2507 ft AER.
1300-2100UTC. FRI and SUN and 24 Jan, 28 ATND SKD H24.
May, 6 June, 15 August, 1 October, 3 October,
25 December: H24, airport quiet hours are not
applied. Customs: HO.
JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
280' hill 1 NM from AER 13R may cause illu-
sion of being low on final. ABN. Fire 8.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Gwangju Jeju (Jeongseok)

48′ RKJJ KWJ +09:00 N35 07.6 E126 48.5 1174′ RKPD +09:00 N33 23.9 E126 42.8
Apt Administration 82-62-942-3737; Fax Apt Administration 82-64-780-0300,
82-62-942-5515. 82-64-780-0350; Fax 82-064-780-0400.
04L/22R 9301′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 62/R/B/W/T. 01/19 7546′ ASPHALT. PCN 77/F/B/X/T. ASDA
TODA 04L 10305′. TODA 22R 10305′. HIRL. 01 8202′. HIRL. HIALS 01.
HIALS 04L. HIALS 22R. Rwy 01 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy 22R Right-Hand Circuit. 15/33 2953′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/B/Z/T. ASDA
04R/22L 9301′ CONCRETE. PCN 63/R/B/W/T. 15 3937′. ASDA 33 3937′.
TODA 04R 10302′. TODA 22L 10302′. HIRL. Rwy 33 Right-Hand Circuit.
HIALS 04R. HIALS 22L. ATND SKD MON-FRI SR-SS, excluding holi-
Rwy 04R Right-Hand Circuit. days.
ATND SKD 2200-1300 UTC. Non-Korean Air aircraft wishing to use Jeong-
JP-8. JASU. Oxygen. seok aerodrome should obtain an approval 24
ABN. Fire 8. hrs in advance.
VFR Circuit altitude: Helicopters 2100' MSL
Incheon Intl see Seoul/Incheon (926' AGL). Fixed wing aircraft 2600' MSL
Jeju (Jeju Intl) Apt of Entry (1426' AGL).
119′ RKPC CJU +09:00 N33 30.7 E126 29.6 Jet A-1.
Apt Administration 82-64-746-0172, ABN. Fire 5.
82-64-797-2241; Fax 82-64-742-2306, Jeongseok see Jeju
82-64-797-2191.
07/25 10433′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/B/X/T. Jhunju
TODA 07 11417′. TODA 25 11417′. HIRL. 96′ RKJU +09:00 N35 52.7 E127 07.0
HIALS 07. HIALS 25. 08/26 4925′ ASPHALT. SIWL 30.
Rwy 25 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD Mon-Fri 2300-0800 Sat 2300-0300
13/31 6234′ ASPHALT. PCN 64/F/A/X/T. LDA O/T O/R 1 hr.
31 4885′. TODA 13 6430′. TODA 31 6660′.
HIRL. HIALS 31. Jungwon AB see Choongwon
Rwy 31 Right-Hand Circuit. Kanam-Ni (R-222)
Aircraft operation for RWY 31 is restricted if the 287′ RKSD Mil. +09:00 N37 49.9 E126 59.4
value of the surface friction measurement of 18/36 3500′ ASPHALT. C-130, CH-47.
RWY 31 is less than 0.25 (Poor).
ATND SKD 2hr PPR.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: HO.
ABN.
r.
Circling not authorized south of RWY 07/25 and Mokpo
west of RWY 13/31. 23′ RKJM MPK +09:00 N34 45.5 E126 22.9
Jet A-1. Apt Administration 82-61-464-3630; Fax
ABN. Fire 9. 82-61-464-3631.
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
06/24 5249′ ASPHALT. PCN 31/F/B/X/T. TODA 04/22 3640′ ASPHALT. C-130 CH-47.
06 5840′. TODA 24 5446′. RL. ATND SKD 2300-0800, O/T 1 hr PPR.
ATND SKD SR-SS. JP-4.
Fuel JP-8 available by agreement with ROKN.
Pohang
Bird concentrations in the vicinity of airport.
69′ RKTH KPO +09:00 N35 59.3 E129 25.1
JP-8.
ABN. Fire 6.
82-54-285-4758.
Muan (Muan Intl) Apt of Entry 10/28 6998′ CONCRETE. PCN 38/R/B/W/T.
51′ RKJB MWX +09:00 N34 59.5 E126 23.0 HIRL. HIALS 10. HIALS 28.
Apt Administration 82-61-453-0737; Fax ATND SKD 2200-1300 UTC.
82-61-453-0767. Hill 313 ft, 3600 ft from approach end of rwy 10.
01/19 9186′ ASPHALT. PCN 78/F/C/W/T. Several unlighted obstacles around apt. When
TODA 01 9843′. TODA 19 9843′. HIRL. HIALS. obstacles are not lighted at night (from sunset
Rwy 19 Right-Hand Circuit. to sunrise), VOR/DME RWY 28 Approach (both
straight-in and circling) is NOT authorized.
Customs: HO.
Excessive smoke at 6000 ft from industrial area
Jet A-1.
(Posco), all acft will avoid overflying Posco, 1.5
ABN. Fire 9. nm northwest of airport
Non San, Korea (R-536 Aero) Extensive bird activity in vicinity of airfield.
93′ Mil. +09:00 N36 16.3 E127 06.6 F-5, JP-4, Fuel: U. JASU.
11/29 3937′ CONCRETE. CH-47. RL. ABN. Fire 7.
ATND SKD 2300-0800Z Mon-Fri, 2300-0400Z R-217 Aero see Pochun
Sat, clsd Sun & Hol.
JP-4. R-222 see Kanam-Ni
ABN. R-813 see Chinhae
Osan (Osan AB) Sacheon
39′ RKSO OSN Mil. +09:00 N37 05.4 E127 25′ RKPS HIN +09:00 N35 05.3 E128 04.2
01.8
09/27 9004′ CONCRETE. PCN 060/R/B/W/T. 82-55-852-6580.
ASDA 09 10002′. ASDA 27 10011′.
06L/24R 8999′ CONCRETE. PCN 70/R/C/W/T.
HIRL. HIALS.
TODA 06L 9606′. TODA 24R 9984′. HIRL.
ATND SKD H24. HIALS 06L.
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications 06R/24L 8999′ CONCRETE. PCN 42/R/C/X/T.
for additional information. TODA 06R 9984′. TODA 24L 9984′. HIRL.
JP-4. JASU. Oxygen. HIALS 06R.
ABN. ATND SKD 2200-1300 UTC.
Pochun (R-217 Aero) Caution: Instrument flight training in progress
2300-0900 UTC within 15 nm of airfield
328′ RKRO Mil. +09:00 N37 51.8 E127 10.9
between 2000 ft and 10,000 ft. Extensive bird
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
activity in vicinity of apt. Seawall 20 ft drop-off etc.), especially when flying north of KIP R-280,
Rwy 06R threshold. SEL R-100 and east of extended Rwy 14/32
Hills: Hgt. 236 ft, 1 NM AER 24R, 1645 ft left of centerline.
extended centerline. Hgt. 123 ft, .55 NM AER Birds in vicinity of airport.
06L, 825 ft left of extended centerline. Hgt. 128 All aircraft with more than two engines shall fly
ft, .4 NM AER 24R on extended centerline. IFR for arrivals and departures.
All non-scheduled flight aircraft that wish to Helicopter operating conditions for RKSS West
operate in Sacheon airport have to obtain Prior Apron:
Permission Required (PPR) between 72 hours 1. Taxing under its own power is avbl.
and 24 hours prior to take-off by the Air Opera- 2. Wheeled type restricted to ground taxi only.
tion
3. Rearward hovering is prohibited.
Center (AOC) of the 3rd Flight Training Wing
4. When any adj stand occupied, under its own
(Tel. 82-55-851-3300).
power turns within stands are prohibited.
Fuel JP-8 available by agreement with ROKAF.
F-3, Jet A-1.
JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire 10.
ABN. Fire 7.
Seoul (Seoul / Domestic)
Seosan (Seosan AB)
92′ RKSM SSN +09:00 N37 26.7 E127 06.9
42′ RKTP Mil. +08:00* N36 42.2 E126 29.2
03L/21R 9000′ CONCRETE. PCN 93 R/B/X/U. 82-31-720-4768.
HIRL. HIALS 03L. HIALS 21R.
01/19 9000′ CONCRETE. ST 127, DDT 793,
03R/21L 9000′ CONCRETE. PCN 93 R/B/X/U. PCN 56/R/B/W/T.
HIRL. HIALS 03R. HIALS 21L.
02/20 9700′ CONCRETE. DDT 793,
Refer to DOD/NGA supplementary publications PCN 46/R/A/W/T, ST 127. HIRL. HIALS 02.
for additional information. HIALS 20.
Seoul (Gimpo Intl) Apt of Entry Bi-dir A-gear 2400 ft AER.
59′ RKSS GMP +09:00 N37 33.4 E126 47.8 Bi-dir A-gear 1700 ft AER.
Apt Administration 82-2-2660-2145/2147/5754; ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
Fax 82-2-2662-5083/0424. CAUTION: Strong and variable cross winds.
14L/32R 11811′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/B/X/T. F-5, Jet A-1, JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
TODA 14L 12795′. TODA 32R 12795′. Fire U.
HIRL. HIALS.
Rwy 14L Right-Hand Circuit. Seoul/Incheon (Incheon Intl) Apt of Entry
14R/32L 10499′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/B/W/T. 23′ RKSI ICN +09:00 N37 27.7 E126 26.3
TODA 14R 11483′. TODA 32L 11483′. HIRL. Apt Administration 82-32-740-2261~3,
HIALS 14R. HIALS 32L. 82-32-740-2192; Fax 82-32-740-2269, 2189.
Rwy 14R Right-Hand Circuit. 15L/33R 12303′ ASPHALT. PCN 88/F/B/X/T.
ATND SKD 2100-1400 UTC. Customs: HO. TODA 15L 13287′. TODA 33R 13287′. ASDA
15L 12697′. ASDA 33R 12697′. HIRL. HIALS.
Pilots shall exercise extreme caution to avoid
penetrating prohibited areas (P518, P73A/B,
etc.) and special use airspace (ACMI, R17,
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
15R/33L 12303′ ASPHALT. PCN 88/F/B/X/T. Ulsan

TODA 15R 13287′. TODA 33L 13287′. ASDA 42′ RKPU USN +09:00 N35 35.6 E129 21.1
15R 12697′. ASDA 33L 12697′. HIRL. HIALS. Apt Administration 82-52-289-4740; Fax
16/34 13123′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 75/F/B/W/T. 82-52-289-4750.
TODA 16 14108′. TODA 34 14108′. ASDA 16 18/36 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 42/F/A/X/T. TODA
13517′. ASDA 34 13517′. HIRL. HIALS. 18 7218′. HIRL. HIALS 18. HIALS 36.
ATND SKD H24. Customs. Rwy 18 Right-Hand Circuit.
Pilots should therefore closely monitor their ILS ATND SKD 2100-1300 UTC, O/T O/R.
approach profile and rate of
Circling is not authorized east of Rwy 18/36.
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire 10.
VFR traffic circuit altitudes for Jet aircrafts
Susaek (Susaek Aero) 2000FT and for conventional aircrafts 1500FT.
64′ RKSK Mil. +09:00 N37 36.0 E126 52.0 ABN. Fire 7.
14/32 3700′ ASPHALT. C-130. RL. Wonju
ATND SKD 2300-0800 Mon-Fri, 2300-0300 329′ RKNW WJU +09:00 N37 26.3 E127
Sat, PPR O/T. 57.6
JP-4. Apt Administration 82-33-344-0166; Fax
Suwon 82-33-344-0167.
88′ RKSW SWU Mil. +09:00 N37 14.4 E127 03/21 9000′ CONCRETE. PCN 55/R/B/W/T.
00.4 HIRL. HIALS.
15L/33R 9000′ ASPHALT. HIRL. HIALS 33R. ATND SKD 0000-0900 UTC.
15R/33L 9000′ ASPHALT. TDT 85, 1000 ft ridge 1/2 NM East and parallel to
PCN 70/R/B/W/T, T 17, ST 18, TT 51, S 13. runway.
HIRL. HIALS 33L. Fueling available: 2300-0800UTC, JP-8 availa-
ATND SKD H24. ble by agreement with Republic of Korea Air
Force.
ABN.
JP-8. JASU.
Uljin ABN. Fire 7.
175′ RKTL +09:00 N36 46.6 E129 27.7
Yangyang (Yangyang Intl) Apt of Entry
82-54-787-8032. 241′ RKNY YNY +09:00 N38 03.7 E128 40.1
17/35 5906′ ASPHALT. PCN 36/F/B/X/T. TODA Apt Administration 82-33-671-5855; Fax
17 6890′. TODA 35 6890′. HIRL. HIALS 17. 82-33-670-7203.
HIALS 35. 15/33 8202′ ASPHALT. PCN 49/F/A/X/T. TODA
Rwy 17 Right-Hand Circuit. 15 9334′. TODA 33 9334′. HIRL. HIALS 15.
HIALS 33.
ATND SKD MON - FRI 2200-1100 UTC; SAT,
SUN 0000-0900 UTC. Rwy 33 Right-Hand Circuit.
Bird concentration in the vicinity of aerodrome. 2300-0900 UTC. Customs: HO.
ABN. Fire 2. Pilot shall use caution during approach
because the pre-threshold terrain underthe
KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
approach path for both Rwy 33 and 15 is mark-

edly lower than the threshold.Pilots should
always use caution of VFR traffic which may fly
along the coast of East Sea.
Bird concentrations in the vicinity of the airport.
VFR Circuit Altitude:
Helicopter: 1100 ft East pattern, 1200 ft West
Pattern
Fixed wing: 1600 ft East Pattern
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 7.
Yecheon (Yecheon Aero)

354′ RKTY YEC +09:00 N36 37.9 E128 21.3
02-54-653-0727.
HIRL. MIALS 10. HIALS 28.
Bi-dir A-gear 1400 ft AER.
Bi-dir A-gear 1250 ft AER.
ATND SKD H24.
Fuel JP-8 available by agreement with ROKAF.
JP-8. JASU. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire 6.
Yeosu
53′ RKJY RSU +09:00 N34 50.5 E127 37.0
82-61-685-7886.
17 7769′. TODA 35 7874′. HIRL. HIALS 17.
HIALS 35.
ATND SKD 2100-1300 UTC, O/T O/R.
ABN. Fire 7.
LAOS
Attopeu Customs: H24.

344′ VLAP AOU +07:00 N14 48.0 E106 49.0 Jet A-1.
13/31 4331′ DIRT. SIWL 29. ABN. Fire 7.
Oudomsay
Ban Houeisay 2090′ VLOS ODY +07:00 N20 40.0 E102
1380′ VLHS OUI +07:00 N20 15.5 E100 00.0
25.0 03/21 3937′ DIRT. SIWL 66.
16/34 4921′ ASPH/SLD. AUW-66. TODA 16 ATND SKD SR-SS.
5118′. ASDA 16 5118′.
Pakse Intl see Champasack
F-5, Jet A-1+. Sam Neua
Fire U. 3261′ VLSN NEU +07:00 N20 25.2 E104
04.2
Champasack (Pakse Intl)
03/21 3445′ DIRT. SIWL 66.
351′ VLPS PKZ +07:00 N15 08.0 E105 46.6
ATND SKD HO.
Apt Administration (856 31) 214 261; Fax (856
31) 213 214; Laoairport@etllao.com. Saravane
15/33 7874′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 49/F/C/X/T. 574′ VLSV VNA +07:00 N15 42.6 E106 24.7
LDA 33 7382′. TODA 15 8497′. TODA 33 8497′. 06/24 4921′ TURF. AUW-66.
ASDA 15 8202′. ASDA 33 8202′. ATND SKD HO.
Customs: H24
Savannakhet (Savannakhet Intl) Apt of Entry
This facility should be used for day time under
clear visibility conditions only. 509′ VLSK ZVK +07:00 N16 33.0 E104 45.6
Jet A-1. Apt Administration (856 41) 212 113; Fax 856
Fire 4. 41 214461; Laoairport@etllao.com.
Luang Namtha ASDA 04 5932′. ASDA 22 6178′. RL. ALS 22.
1969′ VLLN LXG +07:00 N21 03.0 E101 Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit.
28.0 ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
18/36 4429′ GRAVEL. SIWL 22. Jet A-1. JASU.
ATND SKD ON REQUEST. ABN. Fire 4.
Luang Phabang (Luang Phabang Intl) Apt of Sayabouly
Entry
1247′ VLSB ZBY +07:00 N19 14.5 E101
964′ VLLB LPQ +07:00 N19 54.4 E102 10.2 42.5
Apt Administration (856-21) 520 542, 520 543; 16/34 4265′ DIRT.
Fax (856-21) 520 539; Laoairport@etllao.com.
ATND SKD HO.
LDA 05 8202′. TODA 05 10499′. TODA 23 Thakhek
10367′. ASDA 05 9711′. ASDA 23 9711′. RL. 449′ VLTK THK +07:00 N17 23.8 E104 48.4
HIALS 23.
LAOS
10/28 4593′ DIRT. AUW-33.

ATND SKD HO.
Vientiane (Wattay Intl) Apt of Entry

560′ VLVT VTE +07:00 N17 59.3 E102 33.8
Apt Administration (856-21) 520 540, (856-21)
520 542; Fax (856-21) 520 539; Laoair-
port@etllao.com.
13/31 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 62 F/B/W/T.
TODA 13 10335′. TODA 31 10335′. ASDA 13
10039′. ASDA 31 10039′. RL. HIALS 13.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 8.
Wattay Intl see Vientiane
Xieng Khouang
3563′ VLXK XKH +07:00 N19 27.0 E103
09.5
07/25 7873′ ASPHALT. SIWL 31.
CAUTION: Rwy Condtion poor. Only rwy mark-
ing faded for Rwy 25.
ATND SKD HO.
MALAYSIA
Alor Star (Sultan Abdul Halim) PPR required for all non-RMAF acft. Scheduled
15′ WMKA AOR +08:00 N06 11.7 E100 24.0 civil acft subject to agreement: Drg Butter-
Apt Administration 604-7142994, 604-7146876; worth's hrs of ops req thu FPO/OPS Tel
Fax 604-7145345. ATC 604-7145413, 04-320433/3204352, 48 hrs PN req. Outside
604-7145414; Fax 604-7143970. Butterworth's hrs of ops, req thu Markas Ten-
tera Udara (POTU) Tel 03-2314471, 48 hrs PN
04/22 9006′ TARMAC. PCN 96 F/C/X/T. TORA
req. Req to be made before noon on a working
04 0′. LDA 22 0′. TODA 04 0′. ASDA 04 0′.
day.
ASDA 22 9203′. RL. HIALS 04.
No fueling facilities avbl for civil acft.
Right hand circuit when Bukit Pinang Firing
Range is active. Circuit Patterns: Jet circuit height 1500ft, Fix
wing 1000ft. Helicopter circuit height 700ft QNH
Customs: 2200 - 1600 UTC Immigration: By
day/1000ft night. Stream landing and standard
prior arrangment.
rejoin.
Flocks of birds in vicinity of the airfield.Pilot to
ABN. Fire 9. exercise caution.
Bintulu Kites flying during padi harvesting seasons and
74′ WBGB BTU +08:00 N03 07.4 E113 01.2 school holidays.
ATC 086-332561; Fax 086-330501; Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
atcwbgb@tm.net.my. ATS 086-331331; Fax Fire 7.
086-330331. Apt Operator 086-333844; Fax
Gong Kedak
086-337011.
20′ WMGK +08:00 N05 47.9 E102 29.4
17 9203′. TODA 35 9203′. ASDA 35 9203′. RL. Apt Administration 09-6972609.
ALS 17. ALS 35. 08/26 6601′ ASPHALT. PCN 50. RL. HIALS.
Customs: Immigration: 0000-0900, Sunday and ATND SKD Mon-Thu 2300-1100UTC, Fri
public holidays 0030-0730 Customs: 2300-0500UTC and 0600-1100UTC,
0000-1200. Sat2300-0500UTC, Sun and holidays 48 hour
Birds in vicinity of airport. prior notice. Customs.
Jet A-1. 100 fuel avlbl, no fueling facilities avbl for civil
acft.
ABN. Fire 6.
Jet A-1.
Butterworth Apt of Entry Fire 6.
8′ WMKB BWH Mil. +08:00 N05 28.0 E100
23.5 Ipoh (Sultan Azlan Shah)
Apt Administration 04-3204333/3204355; Fax 102′ WMKI IPH +08:00 N04 34.1 E101 05.6
04-3232122. Apt Administration 05-3188203/3188216; Fax
18/36 7999′ ASPH/CONC. LCN 80. TODA 18 05-3122295.
8865′. TODA 36 8865′. ASDA 18 8865′. ASDA 05-3126114/5273667/3114603/5017141/50171
36 8865′. HIRL. HIALS 18. ALS 36. 58; Fax 05-5275884/5017122. ATS
05-3188601/3088602; Fax
05-3122529/3188605.
ATND SKD Mon-Fri: 0001-0830, Sat:
0001-0445. Customs: 24 hrs PN.
MALAYSIA
04/22 6562′ TARMAC. LCN 66. LDA 04 6168′. ATND SKD Sun - Thu: 0000-0900. Customs.
LDA 22 6300′. RL. HIALS 04. Prior permission required from Petronas for all
Rwy 22 Right-Hand Circuit. aircraft landing at Kerteh. Acft to avoid flying
ATND SKD 2300-1100 UTC. Customs: over Kerteh and Paka intergrated Petrochemi-
0001-0900 UTC. cal complex below 2000 ft.
Birds in vicinity of approach Rwy 04. Caution: Stream diversion channel 590 ft west
Fuel available O/R - phone 012-3064551, and parallel to rwy 16/34may be mistaken for
012-5463486, 012-4194197. rwy. Birds in vicinity of airport.
ABN. Fire 6 2300-1300 UTC. Jet A-1.
Fire 4.
Johor Bahru (Senai Intl) Apt of Entry
135′ WMKJ JHB +08:00 N01 38.4 E103 40.2 Kluang
Apt Administration 607-5994500; Fax 142′ WMAP +08:00 N02 02.6 E103 18.4
607-5996624; adadmin@senaiairport.com. Apt Administration 07-7719022 (dct),
ATC 607-5982802 (Control Tower), 07-7788389,07-7788399,07-7788397; Fax
607-5994789/5994788; Fax 607-5982801 07-7732318.
(Control Tower), 607-5994280. 05/23 4101′ TURF.
16/34 12467′ ASPHALT. PCN 70/F/C/X/T. ATND SKD Mon-Fri: 2330-1030, Sat:
HIRL. ALS 16. HIALS 34. 2330-0430.
Customs: 2230-1600. PPR for all non-Malaysian Army acft.
PPR for acft without 2 way radio communica- During hrs of ops, request thru Kluang Army
tion. Airwing Ops 48 hrs PN. Grass strip is restricted
Outside operations hrs - Priorapproval required for helicopter operation only due to no load
before 0800. classification number and soggy areas. For
Birds in vicinity of airport. emergency purpose,aircraft at pilot discretion.
Traffic Pattern Alt: 1000FT for light acft, 1500FT No refueling facilities for civil aircraft.
for others. Fire 4.
Senai Airport Terminal Services Ground Han-
Kota Bharu (Sultan Ismail Petra)
dling Services available H24 by prior arrange-
16′ WMKC KBR +08:00 N06 10.0 E102 17.5
ment with aerodrome administration.
Apt Administration
F-4, Jet A-1.
09-7737400/7737402/7737403; Fax
Fire 8. 09-7732852/7732325. ATC
Kerteh 09-7734197/7739026; Fax 09-7730046.
18′ WMKE KTE +08:00 N04 32.3 E103 25.7 10/28 7874′ ASPHALT. PCN 51/F/A/W/T.
HIRL. HIALS.
09-8261615. ATC 09-8262601; Fax Customs: 2200-1530.
09-8262501. Kite flying in progress around airport.
16/34 4469′ ASPHALT. LCN 40. ASDA 34 Fire 6.
4593′. HIRL. ALS 34.
Kota Kinabalu Apt of Entry
15′ WBKK BKI +08:00 N05 56.7 E116 03.2
MALAYSIA
Apt Administration 088-325555; Fax Apt Administration 603-7461833; Fax

088-219081, 088-325511. 603-7463679. ATC 603-7465602, 7471089
02/20 12402′ ASPHALT. PCN 82/F/C/X/T. (control tower), 603-7473573, 7465233; Fax
TORA 02 11798′. LDA 20 11798′. TODA 02 603-7465458.
11798′. TODA 20 12598′. HIRL. HIALS 02. ALS 15/33 12402′ ASPHALT. PCN 59/F/B/X/U.
20. ASDA 15 12602′. ASDA 33 12602′.
Rwy 20 Right-Hand Circuit. HIRL. HIALS.
ATND SKD H24. Customs. Rwy 15 Right-Hand Circuit.
Pilots approaching to land on Rwy 20 or depart- Customs: 2300-1500.
ing from Rwy 02 must not overfly the built up Not available to aircraft without a 2-way radio
area of Kota Kinabalu town. except with prior permission.
Birds in vicinity of airport. F-4, Jet A-1. Oxygen.
Jet A-1. Oxygen. Fire 7.
ABN. Fire 9.
Kuala Terengganu (Sultan Mahmud) Apt of
Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur Intl - Sepang) Entry
Apt of Entry 20′ WMKN TGG +08:00 N05 22.9 E103 06.3
69′ WMKK KUL +08:00 N02 44.6 E101 41.9 Apt Administration 09-6663666; Fax
Apt Administration 603-87769106; Fax 09-6663084. ATC 09-6670271; Fax
603-89265012. ATC 603-87874118 (gen. off.), 09-6675277.
603-87874230 (tower); Fax 603-89265758 04/22 11417′ ASPHALT. LCN 75 F/B/X/T.
(tower), 603-89265989. TODA 04 11982′. TODA 22 11614′. HIRL.
14L/32R 13186′ CONC/ASPH. HIALS 04. ALS 22.
PCN 90/R/C/W/T. HIRL. HIALS. ATND SKD 2300-1400 UTC. Customs: Cus-
14R/32L 13123′ CONC/ASPH. toms 2300-1400 UTC, immigration by prior
PCN 90/R/C/W/T. HIRL. HIALS. arrangement.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. Kite flying at approach path Rwy 04. Pilots to
Birds in vicinity of airport. exercise caution.
Touch and go landings are not permitted. Circling prohibited beyond 2.5 NM from thresh-
old Rwy 04 due to high terrain (hill height 1145')
Departure Sequencing: In order to reduce con-
located 4.8 NM SW of the apt.
gestion at the holding points during peak hours,
a procedure to regulate departures will be Birds in vicinity of apt.
enforced. Departing aircraft may expect delays ABN. Fire 9.
at start-up. Aircraft with ATC time restriction will
Kuantan (Sultan Ahmad Shah)
be afforded priority for start and push back.
(A0143/06 Perm) 58′ WMKD KUA Mil. +08:00 N03 46.2 E103
12.6
Jet A-1, Fuel: U.
Apt Operator 09-5404000; Fax 09-5383907.
Fire 9.
18/36 9200′ TARMAC. LCN 48. TORA 18
Kuala Lumpur (Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah- 8999′. LDA 18 8999′. TODA 18 9298′. TODA 36
Subang) Apt of Entry 9400′. ASDA 18 9298′. ASDA 36 9400′. RL.
90′ WMSA SZB +08:00 N03 07.9 E101 32.9 HIALS 36.
MALAYSIA
ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0001-0830. Customs: Avbl. 11/29 4498′ ASPHALT. LCN 20. TODA 11
All domestic acft 48 hrs PPR. All foreign acft 4649′. TODA 29 4698′. ASDA 11 4649′. ASDA
PPR thru diplomatic channels. Nofueling facili- 29 4698′.
ties avbl for civil acft. Customs: On request.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Aerodrome is not avbl to aircraft with multiple
ABN. Fire 7. wheel undercarriage systems.
CAUTION: Concentration of birds within the
Kuching (Kuching Intl) Apt of Entry vicinity of the aerodrome. Pilot to exercise cau-
89′ WBGG KCH +08:00 N01 29.1 E110 20.3 tion during landing and take-off.
ATS 082-455572/ 616532/ 457979; Fax Dawn to dusk for notified sked movements.
082-453199/ 571524/ 463210; Other movements PPR fm ATCC Kinabalu.
atcwbgg@tm.net.my. Apt Operator Fire 5.
082-454242; Fax 082-458587.
07/25 12402′ ASPHALT. PCN 82/F/C/X/T. Langkawi I. (Langkawi Intl) Apt of Entry
TODA 07 12598′. TODA 25 12598′. HIRL. 29′ WMKL LGK +08:00 N06 20.0 E099 44.0
HIALS 25. Apt Administration 04-9551311; Fax
ATND SKD H24. Customs: 2300-1700 UTC 04-9551314. ATC 04-9552191; Fax
daily. 04-9552195.
Jet A-1. Oxygen. 03/21 12500′ ASPHALT. PCN 77/F/C/W/T.
ABN. Fire 9. TORA 03 0′. LDA 03 10500′. LDA 21 0′. TODA
03 0′. ASDA 03 0′. RL. HIALS 03. Rwy 03
Labuan I (Labuan) Takeoff prior permission only. Rwy 21 Land
102′ WBKL LBU +08:00 N05 18.1 E115 14.9 prior permission only.
Apt Operator 087-415070; Fax 087-412909. Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit.
14/32 9006′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 79/F/C/X/T. ATND SKD 2300-1500; 8 Hours prior notifica-
TODA 32 9203′. RL. HIALS 14. ALS 32. tion required for operations beyond 1500. Cus-
Customs: 2200-1400 UTC. toms: Avbl during scheduled ops and O/R.
Acft are not to make 180° and lock-wheel turn IFR Flights - Visual Departure Rwy 03: ATC
on the runway. shall obtain the pilot's concurrencefor visual
Birds in the vicinity of the airport. Pilot to exer- departure RWY 03. If the pilot concurs, the pilot
cise caution during takeoff and landing. is responsible forterrain clearance until the acft
reaches 4100ft where IFR flight management
Unauthorized kite activities with 3NM West of
takes over. ATC shall avoid giving to the pilot 'A
the airfield.
maintain rwy heading instruction'as the depar-
F-4, Jet A-1. ture need to make a right turn to avoid terrain.
ABN. Fire 7. VFR Flights: Inthe presence on strong winds by
Lahad Datu day only, with pilots request, ATC may permit
departure RWY 03 or landing RWY 21.
45′ WBKD LDU +08:00 N05 02.0 E118 19.3
Rock blasting activities within 1 NM radiusof
Apt Administration 089-881033/881491; Fax
N062500 E0994530 (500 meters west of Jedah
089-881618. ATS 089-882851; Fax
Cement Quarry). Pilots advised toavoid this
089-881511.
area during period of activity.
MALAYSIA
Chimney flame discharge at irregular interval at Normal turns on rwy permitted. Use of loops at
N062510 E0994600 (Kedah Cement Quarry). both ends for turning not mandatory.
Pilots to exercise caution. Due to close proximity of terminal building and
Due to close proximity btwn Berjaya Resorts light acft hangar to apron, pilots to exercise
Helipad and cable car ops fm Oriental Village caution while taxiing in and taxiing out.
(N062220 E0994015) to Gunung Machinchang, CAUTION: Brids in the vicinity of the airport.
helicopters landing Berjaya Resorts Helipad to CAUTION: Kite flying within 5 KM of the airport.
apch fm the sea and to depart heading towards
Fire 5.
the sea before setting course.
Circling is prohibited except for Cat A/B acft to Marudi
west ofairfield abv 750ft. 103′ WBGM MUR +08:00 N04 11.5 E114
Due to hilly terrain, Take off RWY 21 & Land 19.5
RWY 03. 10/28 2999′ ASPHALT. AUW-13.
Circuit height: Heavy/Medium 1500ft, Light ATND SKD SR-SS.
1000ft, Ultralight 800ft & Low Level 500ft. Fire U.
Coconut trees penetrate apch slope RWY 21.
AVGAS available only in drum. Miri
Refuelling by bowsers 18,300 litres Jet A1 only 59′ WBGR MYY +08:00 N04 19.5 E113 59.3
(3 units). Apt Administration
Jet A-1. 085-614991/614992/611500; Fax
085-613860/612860.
ABN. Fire 8.
Limbang 02 9203′. TODA 20 9203′. ASDA 02 9203′.
14′ WBGJ LMN +08:00 N04 48.5 E115 00.6 ASDA 20 9203′. HIRL. HIALS 02. ALS 20.
04/22 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 15/F/C/W/T. ATND SKD Mon-Fri 0000-0830 UTC. Sat
TODA 04 5118′. TODA 22 5118′. ASDA 04 0000-0450. (1st & 3rd Sat of the month -
5118′. ASDA 22 5118′. HIALS. closed). Customs: Scheduled flights only.
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. Minimum height over Miri town is 1500 ft.
Customs: Immigration available for scheduled Helicopter inbound to Miri proceed via pub-
flights. Other flights on request. Customs: lished VFR routes and VFR holds i.e. Lambir
2200-1000 daily. Water Works Tower & West of Tg. Lobang.
Birds in vicinity of airport. Arriving acft will be allocated a stand # by SMC.
ABN. Fire 5. GA acft will be directed to the GA Parking
Apron.
Malacca Apt of Entry Departing acft shall contact SMC on 121.9 MHz
40′ WMKM MKZ +08:00 N02 15.8 E102 15.1 for start-up clearance at least 10 min before
Apt Administration 06 - 3175860; Fax 06 - departure. Departing acft shall obtain push-
3175214. back clearance, taxi instruction and ATC clear-
03/21 7005′ ASPHALT. PCN 47/F/D/X/T. TODA ance from SMC on 121.9 MHz.
03 7201′. TODA 21 7201′. RL. ALS. Birds in vicinity of airport, pilots to exercise cau-
ATND SKD 2300-1100. Customs: SR-SS. O/T tion during landing and take-off.
24 hrs PNR.
MALAYSIA
Circuit height 1500ft. Light acft and helicopter ATND SKD Airport Operation 0001-0900 UTC 4
1000ft. Hours prior notice for extension of normal
Jet A-1. hours. Maximum operation until sunset. Cus-
ABN. Fire 6. toms: 0001-0900 UTC
Fire U.
Mukah
1′ WBGK MKM +08:00 N02 54.0 E112 04.0 Pulau Tioman
08/26 3599′ BITUMEN. AUW-13. LDA 26 3399′. 13′ WMBT TOD +08:00 N02 49.1 E104 09.6
ATND SKD Days, Sun PN. Apt Administration 09-4191606; Fax
09-4191395. ATS 09-4191045; Fax
Mulu 09-4191790.
96′ WBMU +08:00 N04 03.0 E114 48.6 02/20 3255′ TARMAC.
Apt Operator 085-792104, 085-792105.
Sandakan
03/21 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 19/F/C/X/T. LDA
46′ WBKS SDK +08:00 N05 54.1 E118 03.1
03 4757′. TODA 21 5118′. ASDA 21 5118′. ALS
21. Apt Administration
089-667786/667782/660405; Fax 089-667778.
ATND SKD 0000-0900 UTC excluding public
ATS 089-667766; Fax 089-666529.
holidays.
08/26 6998′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/B/W/T.
Fire 5.
Penang I (Penang Intl) Apt of Entry 08.
11′ WMKP PEN +08:00 N05 17.8 E100 16.6 Rwy 08/26 flexible asphalt with 492 FT (150M)
Apt Administration 04-6434411; Fax of concrete pavement at both rwy ends.
04-6435339. ATC 04-6444911; Fax ATND SKD H24. Customs: Customs: 2230
04-6443285. UTC - 1300UTC Immigration: 2230-1300 UTC.
04/22 10997′ PAVED. PCN 105/F/B/X/U. HIRL. CAUTION: Birds in vicinity of airport.
HIALS 04. ALS 22. No back tracking on runway for B737 and
Rwy 04 Right-Hand Circuit. above. Use turning pan.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: 2200-1500, there- F-4, Jet A-1.
after available on request. ABN. Fire 6 2300-1400 UTC 1100-2230 UTC
F-4, Jet A-1. (Night Watch).
Fire 9. Sibu
Pulau Redang 122′ WBGS SBW +08:00 N02 15.8 E111
10′ WMPR +08:00 N05 45.9 E103 00.4 59.0
Apt Administration 6096663666, 6096664201; Apt Administration 084-307770; Fax
Fax 6096663084. 084-307709. ATS 084-307764; Fax
084-307708.
02/20 3084′ BITUMEN. ASDA 20 3281′. Rwy
02 Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 20 Landing not 13/31 9006′ ASPHALT. PCN 32/F/B/X/T. TODA
allowed. 13 9203′. TODA 31 9203′. RL. HIALS 13.
Maximum operation until Sunset ATND SKD 2130 - 1330. Customs: Customs:
2200 - 1330 Immigration: 2200 - 1230
MALAYSIA
Two-way radio required unless prior permission

is obtained.
All acft avoid flying over ammunition depot at
500 ft or below. Location of ammunition depot
approx. 10827 ft from threshold rwy 13 on VSB
R330.
Apron is restricted to CODE E A330.
F-3, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 6.
Sultan Azlan Shah see Ipoh
Taiping
40′ WMBI TPG +08:00 N04 52.0 E100 43.0
Apt Operator 05-8084894.
18/36 4330′ TARM/TURF. AUW-36.
RWY 18: First 1070 ft tarmac.
RWY 36: First 820 ft tarmac.
Fire U.
Tawau
57′ WBKW TWU +08:00 N04 18.8 E118
07.3
089-950780. 089-950660. ATC
089-950111/950112/950114, 089-950113
(Tower); Fax 089-950100.
06/24 8809′ ASPHALT. PCN 69/F/C/W/T.
TODA 06 9400′. TODA 24 9400′. ASDA 06
9006′. ASDA 24 9006′. ALS 06. HIALS 24.
Customs: Customs: 2200-1230 UTC Immigra-
tion: 2200-1230 UTC.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 6.
MYANMAR
Anisakan Dawei
3130′ VYAS +06:30 N21 57.4 E096 24.4 84′ VYDW TVY +06:30 N14 05.8 E098 12.4
Apt Operator 8550431. Apt Administration 95 59 21058.
03/21 10000′ CONCRETE. AUW-873. ASDA 16/34 11998′ CONCRETE. AUW-873. ASDA
03 10200′. ASDA 21 10200′. RL. 16 12198′. ASDA 34 12198′.
ABN. Customs: HO
Fire 3.
Ann
53′ VYAN +06:30 N19 46.2 E094 01.6 Gwa
Apt Administration 098-526588. 11′ VYGW GWA +06:30 N17 36.0 E094
18/36 8500′ CONCRETE. ASDA 36 8700′. 35.0
Customs: HS 03/21 3550′ DIRT/GRVL. AUW-30.
ABN. Fire 2. Heho
Bagan (Nyaung U) 3934′ VYHH HEH +06:30 N20 44.8 E096
358′ VYBG NYU +06:30 N21 10.7 E094 47.5
55.8 Apt Administration 95 81 63032.
Apt Administration 95-61-60941. 18/36 8500′ BITUMEN. AUW-150. ASDA 18
18/36 8500′ ASPH/CONC. ASDA 18 8700′. 8700′. ASDA 36 8700′.
ASDA 36 8700′. RL. 0001-1200.
By Operational Requirements. Customs: During Jet A-1.
Hrs of Sched Ops. ABN. Fire 4.
ABN. Fire 4.
Hmawby
Banmaw 69′ VYHB Mil. +06:30 N17 07.0 E096 04.0
378′ VYBM +06:30 N24 16.2 E097 14.8 09/27 5056′ GRAVEL. AUW-30.
Hommalinn
15/33 7500′ ASPH/CONC. ASDA 15 7700′.
546′ VYHL HOX +06:30 N24 53.9 E094 54.9
ASDA 33 7700′. RL.
Customs: HO
16/34 11998′ CONCRETE. ASDA 16 12198′.
ABN. Fire 2.
ASDA 34 12198′.
Bokpyinn Customs: HS.
86′ VYBP +06:30 N11 09.0 E098 44.2 Fire 3.
17/35 10000′ CONCRETE. AUW-873. ASDA
Hpa-An
17 10200′. ASDA 35 10200′.
41′ VYPA PAA +06:30 N16 53.6 E097 40.5
Coco I Apt Administration 95 58 21500.
20′ VYCI +06:30 N14 08.0 E093 23.0 03/21 4498′ BITUMEN.
01/19 3999′ BITUMEN. AUW-45. Fire 2.
MYANMAR
Hpa-pun (Hpapun) Customs: HS.

300′ VYPP PPU +06:30 N18 04.0 E097 27.0 Fire 2.
18/36 4003′ GRAVEL. AUW-35.
Kyauktu
Fire 2.
1249′ VYKU +06:30 N21 24.0 E094 08.0
Kalay Apt Administration 09-6565624.
430′ VYKL +06:30 N23 11.3 E094 03.1 04/22 10000′ CONCRETE. ASDA 04 10200′.
Apt Administration 95 73 21008. ASDA 22 10200′.
09/27 5500′ BITUMEN. RL. Fire 2.
Customs: HS. Lanywa
Fire 2. 175′ VYLY +06:30 N20 59.0 E094 49.0
Kanti 18/36 4003′ BITUMEN. AUW-30.
672′ VYKI KHM +06:30 N25 59.3 E095 40.5 Lashio
Apt Operator (071) 90000232. 2516′ VYLS LSH +06:30 N22 58.7 E097
03/21 6001′ BITUMEN. AUW-45. ASDA 03 45.1
6076′. Apt Administration 95 82 23300.
Customs: During skd operations. 01/19 5250′ BITUMEN. RL.
Fire 2. Customs: HS.
Kawthoung ABN. Fire 2.
41′ VYKT KAW +06:30 N10 03.0 E098 32.3 Loikaw
Apt Administration 95-59-51018. 2932′ VYLK LIW +06:30 N19 41.5 E097
02/20 6000′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-134. ASDA 02 12.9
6200′. ASDA 20 6200′. RL. Apt Administration 95 83 21500.
Customs: HS 01/19 5200′ BITUMEN. ASDA 01 5400′. RL.
Jet A-1. Customs: HS.
Kengtung Magway
2705′ VYKG KET +06:30 N21 18.1 E099 298′ VYMW MWQ +06:30 N20 09.2 E094
38.1 58.1
Apt Administration 95 84 21433. Apt Administration 95 63 23713.
12/30 8000′ ASPH/CONC. RL. 01/19 8500′ CONCRETE. ASDA 01 8700′.
ATND SKD HO. Customs: HS. ASDA 19 8700′. RL.
ABN. Fire 2. Customs: HS.
Kyaukpyu ABN. Fire 2.
12′ VYKP KYP +06:30 N19 25.6 E093 32.1 Manaung
Apt Administration 95-43-46014. 20′ VYMN MGU +06:30 N18 50.7 E093 41.3
18/36 4620′ BITUMEN. RL. 16/34 3701′ DIRT. AUW-13.
MYANMAR
Fire 2. Customs: HS.

Fire 2.
Mandalay (Mandalay Intl) Apt of Entry
301′ VYMD MDL +06:30 N21 42.1 E095 Monywar
58.6 263′ VYMY +06:30 N22 13.5 E095 05.6
Apt Administration 95 02 27014. Apt Administration 95 71 30449.
17/35 13999′ CONCRETE. PCN 55 R/A/W/T. 18/36 8501′ ASPH/CONC. ASDA 18 8701′.
ASDA 17 14199′. ASDA 35 14199′. RL. ALS. ASDA 36 8701′.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. Customs: By operational requirements.
Jet A-1. PPR for landing.
Mawlamyine Myeik
78′ VYMM MNU +06:30 N16 26.7 E097 39.7 62′ VYME MGZ +06:30 N12 26.4 E098 37.3
Apt Administration 95 57 21086. Apt Administration 032 41199.
04/22 5400′ BITUMEN. AUW-45. RL. 18/36 9000′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-134. ASDA 36
ATND SKD HO. 9200′. MIRL. ALS 18.
Caution: 137m (450 ft) ridge 245m (804 ft) east Fire 3.
of runway.
Myitkyina
Fire 3.
471′ VYMK MYT +06:30 N25 23.0 E097
Meiktila 21.2
699′ VYML Mil. +06:30 N20 53.0 E095 53.0 Apt Administration 95 74 26042, 95 74 26354.
16/34 5400′ GRAVEL. 04/22 6998′ BITUMEN.
Customs: Available during hours of scheduled
Momeik
operations.
600′ VYMO MOE +06:30 N23 05.5 E096
Jet A-1.
39.2
Fire 3.
12/30 4498′ GRAVEL. AUW-45.
Fire 3. Myitkyina (West Nampong)
469′ VYNP Mil. +06:30 N25 21.0 E097 17.0
Mong Tong
18/36 8586′ BITUMEN. AUW-13. ASDA 18
1840′ VYMT MGK +06:30 N20 17.0 E098
9587′. ASDA 36 8905′.
55.0
17/35 1450′ GRAVEL. AUW-13. Naypyitaw
Fire U. 294′ VYNT +06:00 N19 37.4 E096 12.1
Apt Administration 06735104; Toll Free
Mong-Hsat
06735104.
1898′ VYMS MOG +06:30 N20 31.1 E099
16/34 11998′ CONCRETE. PCN 56/R/A/W/T.
15.5
ASDA 16 12198′. ASDA 34 12198′. HIALS.
12/30 5000′ BITUMEN.
JP-1.
MYANMAR
Fire 8. 11/29 6000′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-73. RL.

Customs: During sked operations.
Nyaung U see Bagan
JP-4, JP-1.
Pakhokku ABN. Fire 3.
350′ VYPU PKK +06:30 N21 24.3 E095 06.7
Tachileik
1277′ VYTL THL +06:30 N20 29.1 E099
18/36 8501′ ASPH/CONC. ASDA 18 8701′.
56.1
ASDA 36 8701′.
Customs: HO.
04/22 7051′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 73. ASDA 04
Fire 1.
7251′. ASDA 22 7251′. RL.
Pathein ATND SKD HO. Customs: HS
13′ VYPN BSX +06:30 N16 48.7 E094 46.4 Fire 2.
Thandwe
06/24 9300′ CONCRETE. ASDA 06 9500′.
24′ VYTD SNW +06:30 N18 27.6 E094 18.0
ASDA 24 9500′.
PPR for landing.
02/20 7999′ BITUMEN. RL.
ABN. Fire 3.
Customs: Available during scheduled opera-
Putao tions.
1509′ VYPT PBU +06:30 N27 19.8 E097 Fire 3.
25.6
West Nampong see Myitkyina
17/35 7000′ BITUMEN. ASDA 35 7250′. Yangon (Yangon Intl) Apt of Entry
Customs: During skd operations. 110′ VYYY RGN +06:30 N16 54.4 E096
Fire 3. 08.0
Pyay 533071.
120′ VYPY PRU +06:30 N18 49.4 E095 16.2 03/21 11200′ CONCRETE. PCN 56/R/C/X/T.
07/25 4500′ BITUMEN. AUW-45. ASDA 03 11400′. ASDA 21 11400′. RL. HIALS
PPR for landing. 03.
Fire U. Rwy 21 Right-Hand Circuit.
Shante
WARNING: When landing or taking-off on rwy
630′ VYST Mil. +06:30 N20 58.0 E095 55.0
21 the threshold of rwy 03 cannot beseen until
01/19 8501′ CONCRETE. ASDA 01 9252′. aircraft approaches within a distance of 492ft -
RL. ALS. 820ft.
Sittwe Jet A-1, JP-4.
38′ VYSW AKY +06:30 N20 08.0 E092 52.4 ABN. Fire 9.
Apt Administration 43 22247, 43 23377.
MYANMAR
Ye
30′ VYYE XYE +06:30 N15 18.0 E097 52.0
01/19 4501′ GRAVEL. AUW-30.
SINGAPORE
Singapore (Changi) Apt of Entry ATND SKD 2300-1100 Mon-Fri, 2300-0500

22′ WSSS SIN +08:00 N01 21.6 E103 59.4 Sat, Sun & Hol by prior arrangement, other
Apt Manager (65) 65956868/ 65423223. times by 1/2 hour notice. Customs: O/R.
02C/20C 13123′ BITU/CONC. NOTE: Due to close proximity of Changi &
PCN 72/F/B/W/U. TODA 02C 14009′. TODA Seletar airports correct approach is vital. Birds
20C 14009′. ASDA 02C 13320′. ASDA 20C in vicinity of airport.
13320′. HIRL. HIALS 02C. HIALS 20C. Alternate/Emergency Diversionary Aerodrome
02L/20R 13123′ BITU/CONC. for Singapore Changi Airport.
PCN 72/F/B/W/U. LDA 20R 10695′. TODA 02L Jet A-1. Oxygen.
14009′. TODA 20R 14009′. ASDA 02L 13320′. ABN. Fire 9.
ASDA 20R 13320′. HIRL. HIALS 02L. HIALS
20R. Singapore (Seletar) Apt of Entry
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. 45′ WSSL XSP +08:00 N01 25.0 E103 52.1
PPR for aircraft not equipped with RTF. Apt Manager (65) 64810017, 64815077,
97533361, 92283154, 96377367; Fax (65)
PPR for light aircraft operations
64811190.
03/21 6024′ BITU/CONC. PCN 47/F/C/X/U.
Due to close proximity of Paya Lebar & Seletar TODA 03 6220′. TODA 21 6220′. RL. ALS.
apts,correct approach is vital.
Airport not available to all non-scheduled civil
Rwy End (RW03): A-GEAR BI-DIR 650 AER.
aircraft types of 40-seater or below except in
special circumstances. Aircraft larger than the Rwy End (RW21): A-GEAR BI-DIR 932AER.
above category should not plan their arrival ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
between 0900-1559. Birds in vicinity of airport.
Runway 02R/20L is solely for the use by No facilities for foaming of runway.
Republic of Singapore (RSAF) aircraft. Traffic Pattern Alt: Circuit Alt: Hel. 600ft, light
Jet A-1. Oxygen. aircraft 800ft, other aircraft 1200ft.
ABN. Fire 10. For service after operating hours call (65)
91294161 or (65) 91284143.
Singapore (Paya Lebar)
F-4, Jet A-1.
65′ WSAP QPG +08:00 N01 21.3 E103 54.2
ABN. Fire 7.
Apt Administration 63813222 (Base Operations
Center). Singapore (Tengah)
02/20 12402′ BITU/CONC. PCN 72/F/B/W/U. 50′ WSAT TGA +08:00 N01 23.2 E103 42.5
TODA 02 13403′. TODA 20 13403′. ASDA 02 Apt Administration 67612222.
13403′. ASDA 20 13403′. HIRL. HIALS. 18/36 8999′ ASPHALT. LCN 70. TODA 18
Rwy End (RW02): Hookwire cable 1181' 10220′. TODA 36 9941′. RL. HIALS.
inwards frm Rwy02. Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit.
Rwy End (RW20): Hookwire cable 1099' ATND SKD 2300-1100 SUN/MON to THU/FRI,
inwards frm Rwy 20. closed SAT, SUN and public holidays. Cus-
Marked and lighted at night. toms: By prior arrangement.
CAUTION: Birds in the vicinity of the airport.
SINGAPORE
Jet A-1.
IBN. Fire 6.
TAIWAN
Chiayi (Chiayi Aero) 03/21 9026′ CONCRETE. PCN 83/R/C/W/T.

85′ RCKU CYI +08:00 N23 27.3 E120 24.2 RL. MIALS 21.
Apt Administration (05) 286 7669; Fax (05) 235 ATND SKD 2300-1400. Customs: By arrange-
8662. ment, available on a restricted basis Open to
18/36 10007′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/C/W/T. international passenger charter flights to and
RL. ALS 18. MIALS 36. from Japan. A prior application is needed.
ATND SKD 2300-1400. Jet A-1.
Gangshan Kaohsiung (Kaohsiung Intl)

34′ RCAY Mil. +08:00 N22 46.9 E120 15.7 31′ RCKH KHH +08:00 N22 34.6 E120 21.0
18/36 7548′ CONCRETE. RL. Apt Administration 886-7-8057559; Fax
886-7-8057990.
ATND SKD H24.
F-3, JP-4. JASU.
LDA 09 9810′. LDA 27 8875′. TODA 09 10532′.
ABN. Fire U. TODA 27 10532′. ASDA 09 10532′. HIRL.
Hengchun MIALS 09.
46′ RCKW HCN +08:00 N22 02.4 E120 43.8 ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24
Apt Administration 08 889 7120. Apt Operator Acft approaching from the north shall not enter
Fax 08-8897124. the airspace East of the coastline before joining
final of Rwy 09 or downwind of Rwy 27, when
14/32 5577′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/D/Y/T.
executing a visual approach or contact
ALS.
approach.
ATND SKD HJ (sunrise to sunset).
Acft departing from Rwy 09 shall not com-
Fire 5. mence right turn until passing the departure
Hsinchu (Hsinchu Aero) end of Rwy 09.
26′ RCPO Mil. +08:00 N24 49.0 E120 56.0 F-4, Jet A-1.
Apt Administration Fax 03-561 4994, 5426051, ABN. Fire 9.
03-5615028. Kinmen
05/23 12014′ CONCRETE. ESWL 149. 70′ RCBS KNH +08:00 N24 25.7 E118 21.7
RL. HIALS.
Apt Administration 886-82-322380,
Rwy 23 Right-Hand Circuit. 866-82-320028; Fax 886-82-328506,
Rwy End (RW05): A-GEAR BI DIR 1500ft AER. 886-82-323504.
Rwy End (RW23): A-GEAR BI DIR 1500ft AER. 06/24 9856′ CONCRETE. PCN 26/F/C/X/T.
ATND SKD 2300-1400. TORA 06 8281′. LDA 06 8281′. TODA 06 8281′.
F-4, F-5, JP-4. ASDA 06 8281′. HIRL. HIALS 06. MIALS 24.
ABN. Fire U. From Rwy 06 THR, 0 - 1640 FT (500M) PCN
92/F/A/X/T; 1640 FT (500M) - 4921 FT (1500M)
Hualien PCN 44/F/A/X/T.
51′ RCYU HUN +08:00 N24 01.4 E121 36.6
Apt Administration 886-3-8210700.
TAIWAN
From Rwy 24 THR, 4921 FT (1500M) - 8202 FT ATND SKD 2330-1330Z.

(2500M) PCN 44/F/A/X/T; 8202 FT (2500M) - Fire U.
9843 FT (3000M) PCN 92/F/A/X/T.
All acft landing on RWY 24, unless exiting from Ludao
taxiway, are required to make a u-turn on 28′ RCGI +08:00 N22 40.4 E121 28.0
runway turn pad only. Making a u-turn other Apt Administration 089-671193; Fax
than on rwy turn pad is prohibited. 089-672716.
ATND SKD 2300-1200 other times on request. 17/35 3255′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 13/R/C/W/T.
Customs: Available on request, prior notice of ATND SKD SR-SS.
ETA or EOBT is required 72 hours in advance. ABN.
Take-off Distance Available Associated with
Twy D on Rwy 06: TORA/TODA/ASDA pub- Magong
lished as 1601 meter (55253 ft). 103′ RCQC MZG +08:00 N23 34.1 E119
Take-off Distance Available Associated with 37.7
Twy B on Rwy 24: TORA/TODA/ASDA pub- Apt Administration 06-9228188; Fax
lished as 2577 meter (8455 ft). 06-9217316.
Take-off Distance Available Associated with 02/20 9843′ CONCRETE. PCN 21/R/B/X/T.
Twy C on Rwy 24: TORA/TODA/ASDA pub- TODA 02 10794′. TODA 20 10794′. HIRL.
lished as 1865VFR operation within Kinmen MIALS 02.
Class D Airspace by fixed-wing acft is prohibi- First 2,000 ft Rwy 02 PCN 54/R/A/X/T.
ted.meter (6119 ft). Bi-dir A-gear 1182 ft AER, Jet Barrier135 ft
Contact approach operation to RCBS AD is overrun.
prohibited. First 2,000 ft Rwy 20 PCN 63/R/A/X/T.
Special Bi-dir A-gear 1203 ft AER, Jet Barrier39 ft AER.
Open to international flights, prior notice appli- ATND SKD 2300-1400 Other times by arrange-
cation is needed. ment.
Jet A-1. ABN. Fire 7.
ABN. Fire 7.
Matsu (Beigan)
Lanyu 41′ RCMT MFK +08:00 N26 13.4 E120 00.2
44′ RCLY +08:00 N22 01.7 E121 32.1 Apt Administration 0836-56505; Fax
Apt Administration Fax 089-732279. 0836-56504.
13/31 3714′ CONCRETE. RL. 03/21 3773′ CONCRETE. PCN 28/R/B/X/T.
Rwy 13 First 300M (984') PCN 19/R/C/W/T. HIRL.
Rwy 13 From 300-1174M (984'-3852') PCN Rwy 03 Right-Hand Circuit.
8/R/C/W/T. ATND SKD 2300-1100.
ABN.
Matsu (Nangan)
Longtan 232′ RCFG +08:00 N26 09.6 E119 57.5
792′ RCDI +08:00 N24 51.2 E121 14.2 03/21 5180′ CONCRETE. PCN 26/R/C/Y/T.
03/21 3252′ ASPHALT. HIRL.
TAIWAN
ATND SKD 2300-1100. RWY 10 departure end EMAS.

ABN. Fire 5. Max allowable weight: take-off 650,000 lbs,
landing 520,000 lbs.
Taichung (Cingcyuangang)
ATND SKD H24. Customs: Thursday to
665′ RCMQ RMQ +08:00 N24 15.9 E120 Monday, 2200-1500 daily.
37.2
Jet A-1. JASU. Oxygen.
Apt Administration 04-26155000; Fax 04
ABN. Fire 9.
26155201.
18/36 12005′ CONCRETE. PCN 53/R/B/W/T. Taipei (Taiwan Taoyuan Intl) Apt of Entry
HIRL. HIALS 36. 106′ RCTP TPE +08:00 N25 04.8 E121 13.9
Customs: Available on request, prior notice are Apt Administration (03) 3982043, (03) 3982044;
required. Fax (03)3983585, (03)3834502; man-
F-5, JP-4. JASU. Oxygen. ager@cksairport.gov.tw.
ABN. Fire 7. 05L/23R 12008′ CONCRETE.
PCN 60/R/B/X/U. TODA 05L 12992′. TODA
Tainan (Tainan Aero) 23R 12992′. HIRL. HIALS.
64′ RCNN TNN +08:00 N22 56.9 E120 12.7 Rwy 23R Right-Hand Circuit.
Apt Administration 06-2601007; Fax 05R/23L 10991′ CONCRETE.
06-2601221. PCN 60/R/B/X/U. TODA 05R 11975′. TODA
18L/36R 10007′ CONCRETE. 23L 11975′. HIRL.
PCN 83/R/B/W/T. HIRL. MIALS 18L. MIALS Rwy 23L Right-Hand Circuit.
36R.
Rwy 18L: 0-2461 FT (750M) PCN 90/R/C/W/T;
Jet A-1. Oxygen.
7349 FT (2240M) - 10,007 FT (3050M) PCN
130/R/B/W/T. ABN. Fire 9.
Rwy 36R: 0-2657 FT (810M) PCN Taitung (Fongnian)
130/R/B/W/T; 7546 FT (2300M) - 10,007 FT 143′ RCFN TTT +08:00 N22 45.3 E121 06.0
(3050M) PCN 90/R/C/W/T.
Apt Administration (089) 362507; Fax
18R/36L 10007′ CONCRETE. ESWL 40. (089)362545.
HIRL. ALS.
04/22 7999′ CONC/ASPH. PCN 57/F/B/X/T.
ATND SKD 2300-1400. HIRL. MIALS 04.
Jet A-1. ATND SKD Mon-Sun 2300-1400UTC. Exten-
ABN. Fire 6. ded by arrangement. Customs.
Taipei (Songshan) 100 octane, Jet A-1.
18′ RCSS TSA +08:00 N25 04.2 E121 33.1 ABN. Fire 7.
Apt Administration (886 2) 8770-3442-3; Fax Taitung (Jhihhang)
(886 2) 8770-3543; www.dc0201@tsa.gov.tw. 121′ RCQS Mil. +08:00 N22 47.6 E121 10.9
10/28 8547′ CONCRETE. PCN 67/R/B/W/T- 04/22 11055′ CONCRETE. T 43. RL.
COMPOSITE. ASDA 10 8714′. ASDA 28 8744′.
ATND SKD Days.
HIRL.
F-3, F-5, JP-4.
TAIWAN
ABN.
Taoyuan
147′ RCGM Mil. +08:00 N25 03.3 E121 14.6
05/23 10044′ CONCRETE. RL. MIALS.
ATND SKD H24.
JP-4. Oxygen.
ABN. Fire U.
THAILAND
Bang Phra see Chon Buri 01R 12467′. TODA 19L 14272′. ASDA 01R
12467′. ASDA 19L 12467′. HIRL. HIALS.
Bangkok (Don Mueang Intl) Apt of Entry
H24. Customs.
9′ VTBD DMK +07:00 N13 54.9 E100 36.3
To avoid jet blast in the apron areas pilots are
Apt Administration 66 (0)2535 1515, 66(2)2535
urgently requested to adhere strictly to the start
1516; Fax 66 (0)2535 1065, 66 (0)2535 1306. up and push back procedures and to use mini-
03L/21R 12139′ ASPH/CONC. mum break away power and taxi power when
PCN 126/F/D/W/T. TODA 03L 12631′. TODA operation on the aprons and taxi lanes. Further-
21R 12631′. ASDA 03L 12631′. ASDA 21R more, the acft shall be pushed back and towed
12631′. HIRL. HIALS 03L. HIALS 21R. forward on the yellow taxi lane center line mark-
03R/21L 11483′ ASPH/CONC. ing.
PCN 126/F/D/W/T. LDA 21L 10335′. TODA Extra caution is req when crossing service
03R 11975′. TODA 21L 11975′. ASDA 21L roads in the maneuvering area.
11811′. HIRL. HIALS 03R. HIALS 21L. Pilots shall give acft type when requesting ATC
Rwy 03R/21L PPR. clearance, and shall contact defined ground
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. control freq accordingly to the parking stand for
CAUTION: On approach to Rwy 21R highway start up and push back after ATC clearance is
1/4 mile NW of threshold may be mistaken forreceived.
rwy in bad visibility. Migratory birds in sizeable numbers appear on
Some taxiways may be seasonably unusable. or in the vicinity of the airport. Pilots are reques-
International non-scheduled airlines should ted to report bird strikes to the General Man-
ager of the airport.
avoid landing at Bangkok Intl Apt as the follow-
ing timetables: Engine Run-Up Procedure is established to
minimize exposure of noise on the ground
1. 0100-0430 - There is a congestion of aircraft
movement. detail as Follows: 1 ACFT must park facing to
the North at engine Run-Up Apron OPR
2. 1500-1800 - There is a congestion of aircraft
Between 0001-1700 Daily
parking.
ABN. Fire 10.
F-3, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 9. Buri Ram
590′ VTUO BFV +07:00 N15 13.6 E103 15.1
Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi Intl) Apt of Entry
5′ VTBS BKK +07:00 N13 41.1 E100 44.9
Apt Administration 66(0) 2132 1888,, 66(0)
ASDA 04 8366′. ASDA 22 8366′. HIRL.
2132 5140,, 66(0) 2723 0000; Fax 66(0) 2132
1885, 66(0) 2132 5105-6; nbia@bangkokair- ATND SKD 2300-1300, after this period 1 hr
port.co.th. PN to ATC.
01L/19R 12139′ ASPHALT. PCN 137/F/D/X/T. ABN. Fire 5.
TORA 01L 11483′. TORA 19R 11483′. TODA Cha-Ian see Nakhon Si Thammarat
01L 15092′. TODA 19R 13780′. ASDA 01L
11483′. ASDA 19R 11483′. HIRL. HIALS. Chiang Mai (Chiang Mai Intl) Apt of Entry
01R/19L 13123′ ASPHALT. PCN 137/F/D/X/T. 1036′ VTCC CNX +07:00 N18 46.3 E098
TORA 01R 12467′. TORA 19L 12467′. TODA 57.8
THAILAND
Apt Administration 66-053-203300-19, Chumphon

66-053-270222-33; Fax 66-053-277284. 18′ VTSE CJM +07:00 N10 42.7 E099 21.7
18/36 11155′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 59/F/A/X/T. Apt Administration (077) 591063, 591267-9;
TORA 36 10171′. LDA 18 10171′. LDA 36 Fax (077) 591272.
10171′. TODA 36 10171′. ASDA 18 11483′. 06/24 6890′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/C/X/T.
ASDA 36 10171′. HIRL. HIALS. ASDA 06 7087′. ASDA 24 7087′. HIRL.
Rwy 36 Right-Hand Circuit. ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: ON REQUEST.
ATND SKD Mon-Sun & Hols 2300-1700UTC ABN. Fire 3.
beyond this period 1 hr PNR to ATC. Customs:
Mon-Sun & Hols 2300-1700UTC beyond this Don Mueang Intl see Bangkok
period 1 hr PNR to ATC.
Hat Yai Intl see Songkhla
Twy D for aircraft up to B737 and Twy R avbl
for light acft only. Hua Hin Aero see Prachuap Khiri Khan
F-3, Jet A-1.
Kamphaeng Saen see Nakhon Pathom
ABN. Fire 9.
Khok Kathiam see Lop Buri
Chiang Rai (Chiang Rai Intl) Apt of Entry
1280′ VTCT CEI +07:00 N19 57.1 E099 53.0 Khon Kaen
Apt Administration 66-0-5379-8151, 670′ VTUK KKC +07:00 N16 27.9 E102 46.9
66-0-5379-8000; Fax 66-0-5379-3071. Apt Administration (043) 246662; Fax (043) -
03/21 9843′ ASPHALT. PCN 84/F/D/X/T. ASDA 244123.
03 10040′. ASDA 21 10040′. HIRL. HIALS 03. 03/21 10007′ ASPHALT. PCN 65/F/C/X/T. LDA
HIALS 21. 03 9515′. LDA 21 9515′. HIRL. Rwy 03 Land
ATND SKD 2300-1500, O/T 1 hr PN to ATC. prior permission only. Rwy 21 Takeoff prior per-
Customs: Unspecified hrs. mission only.
In order to avoid confusion between Chiang Rai ATND SKD 2300-1500, after this period 1 hr
Intl Apt and Chiang Rai Military Aero located on PN to ATC. Customs: On request.
R-218 approximately 5 NM distance from Noise Abatement Procedure:
Chiang Rai Intl Apt, aircraft are to exercise cau- Rwy 03 for take-off / Rwy 21 for landing, except
tion while landing. for safety of operation.
Jet A-1. F-3, Jet A-1, JP-8.
Chon Buri (Bang Phra) Khorat see Nakhon Ratchasima
90′ VTBT +07:00 N13 14.0 E100 57.5
Aeroclub 66+038 777348. Apt Manager Mobile Khuan Phumiphon see Tak
66+868342636. Krabi
05/23 3031′ TARMAC. MTOW-13. 93′ VTSG KBV +07:00 N08 06.0 E098 59.1
ATND SKD SR-SS. Apt Administration (075) 636541-2; Fax (075)
F-3. 636549.
THAILAND

ASDA 14 10040′. ASDA 32 10040′. HIRL.
Lop Buri (SA Pran Nak Aero)
Customs: On request.
95′ VTBH +07:00 N14 56.9 E100 38.5
ABN. Fire 7.
01/19 3297′ ASPHALT. AUW-15. RL.
Lampang 06/24 3297′ ASPHALT. AUW-12. RL.
811′ VTCL LPT +07:00 N18 16.3 E099 30.2 ATND SKD 2300-1100.
Apt Administration 0-5482-1514, 0-5482-1510, F-4, JP-4.
0-5482-1507; Fax 0-5482-1509. ABN.
TORA 18 6152′. TORA 36 5823′. LDA 18 5823′. Mae Hong Son
LDA 36 6152′. TODA 18 6152′. TODA 36 5823′. 929′ VTCH HGN +07:00 N19 18.1 E097
ASDA 36 6677′. HIRL. 58.5
ATND SKD 2300-1300. Apt Administration (053) 612057, 611499; Fax
ABN. Fire 5. (053) 611499.
11/29 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 41/F/C/X/T. RL.
Lamphun (Pa Sak) Rwy 11 Takeoff not allowed. Rwy 29 Landing
1′ +07:00 N18 32.8 E099 00.9 not allowed.
01/19 3609′ LATERITE. AUW-22. ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: ON REQUEST.
Loei Mae Sot Aero see Tak
860′ VTUL LOE +07:00 N17 26.3 E101 43.3
Nakhon Pathom (Kamphaeng Saen)
Apt Administration (042) 812654, 811521; Fax
(042) 812654. 33′ VTBK KDT Mil. +07:00 N14 06.0 E099
55.4
ASDA 01 7087′. ASDA 19 7087′. MIRL. Apt Administration 5345201; Fax 5345603.
ATND SKD SR-SS. 03/21 8858′ CONCRETE. PCN 31/R/B/X/T.
ASDA 03 9596′. ASDA 21 9596′. HIRL. ALS 03.
ABN. Fire 5.
ATND SKD 0100-0900 Mon-Fri.
Lop Buri (Khok Kathiam) F-4, JP-8. Oxygen.
123′ VTBL KKM Mil. +07:00 N14 52.5 E100 ABN. Fire 9.
39.8
Apt Administration 036-486380-3 Ext.50520-1, Nakhon Phanom
196, 036-642675; Fax (02) 5346000 Ext.50514, 587′ VTUW KOP +07:00 N17 23.1 E104
036-486380-3 Ext. 50514. 38.5
05/23 4331′ CONCRETE. PCN 35/R/C/W/T. Apt Administration (042) 513264, 513269.
ASDA 05 5069′. ASDA 23 5069′. RL. 15/33 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 61/F/C/X/T.
16/34 7136′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 11/F/D/Y/T. ASDA 15 8399′. ASDA 33 8399′. HIRL. ALS 15.
RL. HIALS 33.
ATND SKD 2300-1100 Daily or on request. ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs.
F-4, JP-8. Jet A-1.
THAILAND
ABN. Fire 5. 18/36 9843′ CONCRETE. PCN 80/R/D/X/T.

ASDA 18 10827′. ASDA 36 10827′.
Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat)
ATND SKD 0100-0900 Mon-Fri. Customs: ON
729′ VTUN Mil. +07:00 N14 56.1 E102 04.7 REQUEST
Apt Administration (044) 358051; Fax (02) F-4, JP-8. Oxygen.
5346000 Ext. 41366.
ABN. Fire 9.
06/24 9843′ CONCRETE. PCN 75/R/B/Y/U.
TORA 06 9842′. TORA 24 9842′. LDA 06 9842′. Nakhon Si Thammarat (Cha-Ian)
LDA 24 9842′. TODA 06 9842′. TODA 24 9842′. 44′ VTSN +07:00 N08 27.8 E099 57.5
ASDA 06 10826′. ASDA 24 10826′. Apt Administration (075) 343052; Fax (075)
HIRL. HIALS. 343052.
Bi-dir A-gear 1415 ft AER. 18/36 5577′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 20/F/B/Y/T.
Bi-dir A-gear 1252 ft AER. ASDA 18 5905′. ASDA 36 6069′. RL.
ATND SKD 0100-0900 Mon-Fri. ATND SKD 0000-1000.
Birds in vicinity of airport. ABN. Fire 4.
F-4, JP-8. JASU.
Nakhon Si Thammarat
ABN. Fire 6.
13′ VTSF NST +07:00 N08 32.4 E099 56.7
Nakhon Ratchasima Apt Administration (075) 369540, 369541,
765′ VTUQ NAK +07:00 N14 57.0 E102 18.8 369543; Fax (075) 369542.
Apt Administration (044) 255899, 259534, 01/19 6890′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/C/X/T.
259686-8; Fax (044) 259689. ASDA 01 7087′. ASDA 19 7087′. MIRL. HIALS.
06/24 6890′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/C/X/T. ATND SKD SR-SS.
ASDA 06 7087′. ASDA 24 7087′. HIRL. ABN. Fire 6.
ATND SKD 2300-1200. Customs: ON
REQUEST. Nan
ABN. Fire 5. 685′ VTCN NNT +07:00 N18 48.5 E100 47.0
Nakhon Sawan (054) 771650.
113′ VTPN +07:00 N15 40.2 E100 08.3 02/20 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/C/X/T.
Apt Administration (056) 255030; Fax (056) TODA 02 7054′. TODA 20 7054′. MIRL.
255601. ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: On request.
05/23 3937′ ASPHALT. PCN 22/F/D/Y/T. TODA ABN. Fire 5.
05 4068′. TODA 23 4347′.
ATND SKD Mon-Fri, 0130-0900UTC. Other Narathiwat
times and Holidays, 48hrs prior notice. 19′ VTSC NAW +07:00 N06 31.4 E101 44.7
Nakhon Sawan (Takhli) 512572.
107′ VTPI TKH Mil. +07:00 N15 16.7 E100 02/20 8202′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65/F/C/X/T.
18.0 ASDA 02 8399′. ASDA 20 8399′. HIRL. HIALS
Apt Administration 056-261071-2 Ext. 53540-5; 02.
Fax 5344234. ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: ON REQUEST.
THAILAND
ABN. Fire 6. Phuket (Phuket Intl) Apt of Entry

82′ VTSP HKT +07:00 N08 06.7 E098 18.5
Pattani
Apt Administration 66(0)7632 7230-7; Fax
8′ VTSK PAN +07:00 N06 47.1 E101 09.2
66(0)7632 7478.
(073) 431195.
ASDA 09 10039′. ASDA 27 10039′. HIRL.
08/26 4593′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 27/F/A/Y/T. HIALS 27.
ASDA 08 4691′. ASDA 26 5085′.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: ON REQUEST.
ABN. Fire 4.
ABN. Fire 9.
Phetchabun
Prachen Buri (Kabin Buri)
450′ VTPB PHY +07:00 N16 40.6 E101 11.7
1′ +07:00 N14 05.0 E101 42.0
02/20 3281′ LATERITE. AUW-22.
0-5682-4326 Ext 102.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
ASDA 18 7087′. ASDA 36 7087′. RL. Prachin Buri
ATND SKD SR-SS. 80′ VTBI +07:00 N14 04.6 E101 22.9
ABN. Fire 5. 17/35 3346′ ASPHALT. AUW-15.
Phitsanulok ATND SKD 0130-0930.
145′ VTPP PHS +07:00 N16 47.0 E100 16.7 F-4, JP-4.
Apt Administration (055) 301010-13; Fax (055) Prachuap Khiri Khan (Hua Hin Aero)
301009. 62′ VTPH HHQ +07:00 N12 37.8 E099 57.2
14/32 9843′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 61/F/C/X/T. Apt Administration (032) 520181; Fax (032)
ASDA 32 10040′. RL. 520378.
ATND SKD 2300-1430. Customs: On request. 16/34 6890′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/B/Y/T.
Flares with 2 hr prior notice. LDA 34 6398′. ASDA 16 6985′. ASDA 34 7087′.
Caution: Microwave mast 147 ft high located HIRL.
3937 ft from ARP on PSL R-235. ATND SKD HJ, Other than this period 1 hour
Jet A-1. prior notice before 0930 given to airport. Cus-
ABN. Fire 6. toms: On request.
F-3, Jet A-1.
Phrae
ABN. Fire 6.
538′ VTCP PRH +07:00 N18 07.9 E100 09.9
Apt Administration 0 5451 1184, 0 5452 2706; Prachuap Khiri Khan
Fax 0 5452 2705. 10′ VTBP Mil. +07:00 N11 47.2 E099 48.3
01/19 4921′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 20/F/C/X/T. Apt Administration 5341039; Fax 5344840.
ASDA 01 5167′. ASDA 19 5167′. RL. 08/26 6562′ ASPHALT. PCN 55/F/C/Y/U. HIRL.
ATND SKD SR-SS.
ABN. Fire 4.
THAILAND
18/36 3281′ ASPHALT. PCN 34/F/C/X/U. ATND SKD SR-SS.

TORA 36 3285′. LDA 36 3285′. TODA 36 3285′. Birds on and in vicinity of airport.
ASDA 18 3445′. ASDA 36 3285′. ABN. Fire 3.
ATND SKD 0100-0900 Mon-Fri. O/T O/R to
TWR before 0900. SA Pran Nak Aero see Lop Buri
F-3, JP-8. Sakon Nakhon
ABN. 529′ VTUI SNO +07:00 N17 11.7 E104 07.1
Ranong Apt Administration (042) 712602; Fax (042)
57′ VTSR UNN +07:00 N09 46.7 E098 35.1 712602.
Apt Administration (077) 824581-3; Fax (077) 05/23 8530′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 43/F/D/X/T.
824580. ASDA 05 9022′. ASDA 23 9022′. HIRL.
02/20 6562′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 41/F/C/X/T. ATND SKD 2300-1100.
ASDA 02 6759′. ASDA 20 6759′. HIRL. ABN. Fire 6.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: ON REQUEST. Samui see Surat Thani
ABN. Fire 6.
Songkhla (Hat Yai Intl) Apt of Entry
Ratchaburi (Photharam) 90′ VTSS HDY +07:00 N06 56.0 E100 23.7
90′ VTPR +07:00 N13 40.1 E099 43.9 Apt Administration 66-74-251007-12,
03/21 4593′ ASPH/CONC. AUW-29. 66-74-22-7000; Fax 66-74-25-1334.
ATND SKD 2300-1100. 08/26 10007′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 60/F/C/X/T.
ASDA 08 10204′. ASDA 26 10204′. HIRL.
Rayong (U-Tapao Pattaya Intl) Apt of Entry
HIALS 26.
59′ VTBU UTP +07:00 N12 40.8 E101 00.3
Apt Administration (038) 245193, 245600.
ATND SKD 2300-1700. Customs: as ATND
18/36 11499′ CONCRETE. PCN 59/F/B/X/T. SKD hr. Immigration: H24.
TODA 18 12500′. TODA 36 12500′. ASDA 18
Twy A not available for aircraft with wingspan
12500′. ASDA 36 12500′. HIRL. ALS 18.
79' (24m) or greater.
F-3, Jet A-1.
Flying over gas separation plant in Rayong
ABN. Fire 9.
(Ban Map Ta Phat) is hazardous, aircraft are to
avoid the area. All acft call ground for ATC Songkhla
clearance 5 min prior to start up. 12′ VTSH SGZ +07:00 N07 11.1 E100 36.5
F-3, Jet A-1, JP-8. Apt Administration 074-311085.
ABN. Fire 8. 13/31 4954′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 10/F/C/Y/U.
Roi Et RL.
451′ VTUV ROI +07:00 N16 07.0 E103 46.4 ATND SKD SR-SS.
Apt Administration (043) 518246-55; Fax (043) CAUTION: 350 ft lighted hill 1 NM left of runway
518253. 13; 295 ft unlighted hill 0.4 NM left of runway
31. 186 ft lighted radio mast N of airport; 200 ft
lighted radio mast S of airport.
ASDA 18 7087′. ASDA 36 7087′. HIRL.
THAILAND
F-4, JP-8. 01/19 5039′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 15/F/C/Y/U.

ABN. Fire 6. ASDA 19 5630′. Rwy 01 Takeoff not allowed.
Rwy 19 Landing not allowed.
Sukhothai ATND SKD 2300-1100 after this period 1 HR
179′ VTPO THS +07:00 N17 14.3 E099 49.1 PN to ATC.
Apt Administration (055) 647225-6; Fax (055) Fire 3.
647225.
18/36 6890′ ASPHALT. PCN 40/F/C/X/T. TODA Suvarnabhumi Intl see Bangkok
18 7087′. TODA 36 7382′. Tak (Khuan Phumiphon)
ATND SKD 0000-1000. Customs: Unspecified 526′ VTPY +07:00 N17 14.0 E099 03.0
hrs.
JP-1.
05/23 4921′ ASPHALT. AUW-130.
ABN. Fire 5.
ATND SKD 0130-0930 O/T contact EGAT.
Surat Thani (Samui)
Tak (Mae Sot Aero)
64′ VTSM USM +07:00 N09 32.9 E100 03.7
690′ VTPM MAQ +07:00 N16 42.0 E098
Apt Administration (077) 428581; Fax (077) 32.6
245611.
17/35 6890′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 38/F/B/W/T. 544593.
TORA 17 6102′. TORA 35 6430′. LDA 17 6234′.
09/27 4921′ ASPHALT. PCN 16/F/C/X/T. ASDA
LDA 35 5906′. TODA 17 6102′. TODA 35 6430′.
09 5118′. ASDA 27 5118′. MIRL.
RL.
ATND SKD SR-SS. Customs: On request.
Customs: 2300-1500.
All acft flying to Mae Sot Apt are requested to
Jet A-1.
use Rwy 27 for landing due to Rwy 09 unsuita-
ABN. Fire 6. ble, because it may cross over Yangon FIR
Surat Thani while approaching to land.
20′ VTSB URT +07:00 N09 08.2 E099 08.3 Fire 4.
Apt Administration (077) 441230, 441349; Fax Tak
(077) 441225. 478′ VTPT TKT +07:00 N16 53.8 E099 15.2
04/22 9842′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65/F/C/X/T. Apt Administration (055) 512603; Fax (055)
ASDA 04 10039′. ASDA 22 10039′. HIRL. 514059.
HIALS 22.
BAK-12 installed 499' from threshold Rwy 22. ASDA 09 5167′. ASDA 27 5167′.
ATND SKD H24. Customs: ON REQUEST. ATND SKD SR-SS.
Jet A-1. ABN. Fire N.
ABN. Fire 7.
Takhli see Nakhon Sawan
Surin
478′ VTUJ +07:00 N14 52.2 E103 29.3 Trang
Apt Administration 01-9766743, 044-515681. 67′ VTST TST +07:00 N07 30.5 E099 36.9
THAILAND
Apt Administration (07557) 2151, 2152, 2153; Apt Administration 042-244426; Fax (042)
Fax (07557) 2154. 246804.
08/26 7612′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 42/F/C/X/T. 12/30 10000′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 65/F/C/X/T.
TORA 08 6890′. LDA 08 6890′. TODA 08 6890′. ASDA 12 10984′. ASDA 30 10984′. HIRL.
HIRL. HIALS 08. Customs: On request.
ATND SKD 2300-1230. After this period 1hr PN F-3, Jet A-1.
to ATC. Customs: O/R. ABN. Fire 8.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 6. U-Tapao Pattaya Intl see Rayong
Trat Watthana Nakhon

82′ VTBO +07:00 N12 16.5 E102 19.2 200′ VTBW +07:00 N13 46.0 E102 19.0
Apt Administration 039 525777; Fax 039 05/23 4900′ ASPHALT. C-130.
525778. ATND SKD SR-SS.
05/23 5906′ ASPH/CONC. PCN 12/F/B/Y/U.
TODA 05 6103′. TODA 23 6103′. RL.
2300-1130Z.
ABN. Fire 5.
Ubon Ratchathani
406′ VTUU UBP +07:00 N15 15.1 E104 52.2
Apt Administration (045) 245612-3; Fax (045)
244406.
ASDA 05 10040′. ASDA 23 10040′.
HIRL. HIALS.
Rwy 05 - Bi-directional Arresting Gear 1312 ft
(400M) from approach end.
Rwy 23 - Bi-directional Arresting Gear 1312 ft
(400M) from approach end.
ATND SKD 2300-1430, after this period 1 hr
PN to ATC. Customs: ON REQUEST.
Noise abatement: If traffic and weather condi-
tions permit, pilots are requested to land Rwy
23 and take-off Rwy 05.
F-3, Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 8.
Udon Thani
579′ VTUD UTH +07:00 N17 23.2 E102 47.3
VIETNAM
BaRiaVungTau (ConSon) 17L/35R 11483′ CONCRETE. PCN 56/R/A/X/T.

20′ VVCS VCS +07:00 N08 44.0 E106 37.8 TODA 17L 12664′. TODA 35R 12664′. ASDA
11/29 6004′ ASPHALT. TODA 11 6299′. TODA17L 12467′. ASDA 35R 12467′. HIALS 35R.
29 6299′. 17R/35L 10000′ BITU/CONC. PCN 44/F/B/X/U.
TODA 17R 11001′. TODA 35L 11001′. ASDA
Binhdinh (Phucat) 17R 11001′. ASDA 35L 11001′. RL.
102′ VVPC UIH +07:00 N13 56.8 E109 03.1 ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.
15/33 10007′ CONCRETE. ASDA 15 10991′. Jet A-1.
ASDA 33 10991′. ABN. Fire 9.
BuonMaThuot see DacLac DacLac (BuonMaThuot)
Cam Ranh Intl see Khanh Hoa 1739′ VVBM BMV +07:00 N12 40.1 E108
07.0
CaMau 09/27 9842′ ASPHALT. TODA 09 10498′.
7′ VVCM CAH +07:00 N09 10.6 E105 10.6 TODA 27 10498′. ASDA 09 10170′. ASDA 27
09/27 4921′ ASPHALT. 10170′.
Can Tho (Can Tho Intl) Apt of Entry DienBien

10′ VVCT VCA +07:00 N10 05.0 E105 42.6 1584′ VVDB DIN +07:00 N21 23.9 E103
Apt Administration (84-710) 3 744 719, 00.5
(84-710) 3 844 301/3 744 580; Fax (84-710) 3 16/34 6004′ CONCRETE. TODA 16 6660′.
744 584, (84-710) 3 744 718. TODA 34 6555′.
06/24 9843′ CONCRETE.
Donghoi see Quangbinh
PCN PCN 76/F/C/X/T. TODA 06 10499′. TODA
24 10499′. ASDA 06 10335′. ASDA 24 10335′. GiaLai (Pleiku)
HIALS 06. 2435′ VVPK PXU +07:00 N14 00.1 E108
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H12/24 and on 01.5
request. 09/27 6003′ ASPHALT. ASDA 09 6659′. ASDA
Jet A-1. 27 6987′.
ABN. Fire 6.
HaiPhong (CatBi)
CatBi see HaiPhong 14′ VVCI HPH +07:00 N20 49.2 E106 43.5
ChuLai see QuangNam 07/25 7874′ CONCRETE.
ConSon see BaRiaVungTau Hanoi (Noi Bai Intl) Apt of Entry

40′ VVNB HAN +07:00 N21 13.3 E105 48.3
Da Nang (Da Nang Intl) Apt of Entry Apt Administration 84-4-35842395,
30′ VVDN DAD +07:00 N16 02.6 E108 12.0 84-4-38865047; Fax 84-4-38865540,
Apt Administration 84-511-3614817, 84-4-38865832.
84-511-3826292; Fax 84-511-3614815, 11L/29R 10499′ CONCRETE.
84-511-3826393. PCN 54/R/B/W/U. TODA 11L 11811′. TODA
29R 11811′. HIRL. HIALS 11L.
VIETNAM
11R/29L 12467′ ASPH/CONC. ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24.

PCN 60/R/B/W/T. TODA 11R 13451′. TODA Jet A-1.
29L 13451′. ASDA 11R 12795′. ASDA 29L ABN. Fire 6.
12795′. HIRL. HIALS 11R.
Lighting Aids System Rwy 11R/29L Operations: Khanh Hoa (Cam Ranh Intl) Apt of Entry
Rwy 11R 43′ VVCR CXR +07:00 N11 59.7 E109 13.1
PALS Cat II, Threshold lights, Approach flash- Apt Administration 84-58-3989909,
ing lights, Threshold flashing lights 84-58-3989928; Fax 84-58-3989906,
Rwy 29L 84-58-3989928.
Threshold lights, Threshold flashing lights 02/20 10000′ CONCRETE. PCN 47/R/B/X/T.
TODA 02 10984′. TODA 20 10984′. ASDA 02
Stopbars, Exit Twy Center Lights, Stopway
10984′. ASDA 20 10984′. RL.
Flashing Lights, Obstacle Light of Anemometer,
Wind bar light. ATND SKD H24. Customs: 12-24 hours and on
request.
Jet A-1.
Jet A-1.
ABN. Fire 8.
ABN. Fire 9.
LamDong (LienKhuong)
Hochiminh (Tansonnhat) Apt of Entry
3130′ VVDL DLI +07:00* N11 45.2 E108
33′ VVTS SGN +07:00 N10 49.2 E106 39.6
22.1
Apt Administration (84-54) 35 470 418,
84-8-38441740; Fax (84-54) 35 740 409,
27 8707′. ASDA 09 8051′. ASDA 27 8051′.
84-8-38445127.
07L/25R 10000′ CONCRETE. PCN 56/R/B/X/T. LienKhuong see LamDong
TODA 07L 11017′. TODA 25R 11017′. ASDA
07L 11017′. ASDA 25R 11017′. HIRL. HIALS. Noi Bai Intl see Hanoi
07R/25L 12467′ CONCRETE. PCN 63/R/B/X/T. Phu Bai Intl see HUE
LDA 07R 10036′. TODA 07R 13451′. TODA
25L 13451′. ASDA 07R 13451′. ASDA 25L Phu Quoc (Phu Quoc Intl) Apt of Entry
13451′. HIRL. HIALS 07R. HIALS 25L. 23′ VVPQ PQC +07:00 N10 10.2 E103 59.6
ATND SKD H24. Customs: H24. Apt Administration (84-077) 3991313; Fax
F-4, JP-4. Oxygen. (84-077) 3986969.
ABN. Fire 9. 10/28 9843′ BITU/CONC. PCN 75/F/C/X/T.
TODA 10 10302′. TODA 28 10827′. RL. HIALS.
HUE (Phu Bai Intl) Apt of Entry Fire 7.
48′ VVPB HUI +07:00 N16 24.0 E107 42.4
Apt Administration (84-54) 395-1393, Phucat see Binhdinh
84-54-3862096, 84-54-3941199; Fax (84-54) PhuYen (TuyHoa)
395-1302, 84-54-3861131.
33′ VVTH TBB +07:00 N13 02.4 E109 20.0
09/27 8858′ BITU/CONC. PCN 42/F/B/W/T.
03L/21R 10000′ ASPHALT. ASDA 03L 11312′.
TODA 09 9318′. TODA 27 9416′. ASDA 09
ASDA 21R 11312′.
9055′. ASDA 27 8957′. RL. HIALS 27.
VIETNAM
Pleiku see GiaLai
Quangbinh (Donghoi)
59′ VVDH VDH +07:00 N17 30.9 E106 35.4
11/29 7874′ CONCRETE. ASDA 11 8202′.
ASDA 29 8202′.
QuangNam (ChuLai)
26′ VVCA VCL +07:00 N15 24.4 E108 42.4
14/32 10007′ CONCRETE.
RachGia
7′ VVRG VKG +07:00 N09 57.5 E105 08.2
08/26 4921′ ASPHALT.
Tansonnhat see Hochiminh
TuyHoa see PhuYen
Vinh
20′ VVVH VII +07:00 N18 43.8 E105 40.5
17/35 7874′ CONCRETE.
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal Procedures - Pacific

TERMINAL PROCEDURES - PACIFIC 1827
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and Abbreviations sections in the Air Traffic Control, Emergency and Meteorology chap-
ters of this manual.
1 DEFINITIONS
AERODROME METEOROLOGICAL MINIMA (Ceiling and Visibility Minima) — The minimum
heights of cloud base (ceiling) and minimum values of visibility which are prescribed in pursuance
of CAR 257 for the purpose of determining the usability of an aerodrome either for take-off or
landing.
BASE TURN (Instrument Approach) — A turn executed by the aircraft during the initial
approach between the end of the outbound track and the beginning of the intermediate or final
approach track. The tracks are not reciprocal.
NOTE: Base turns may be designated as being made either in level flight or while descending,
according to the circumstances of each individual procedure.
CIRCLING APPROACH — An extension of an instrument approach procedure which provides for
visual circling of the aerodrome prior to landing.
DAY — That period of time from the beginning of morning civil twilight to the end of evening civil
twilight.
DME DISTANCE — The slant range from the source of a DME signal to the receiving antenna.
FINAL APPROACH ALTITUDE — The specified altitude at which final approach is commenced.
FINAL APPROACH FIX (FAF) — A specified point on a non-precision instrument approach which
identifies the commencement of the final segment.
FINAL APPROACH POINT (FAP) — A specified point on the glide path of a precision instrument
approach which identifies the commencement of the final segment.
NOTE: The FAP is co-incident with the FAF of a localizer based non-precision approach.
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT — That segment of an instrument approach procedure in which
alignment and descent for landing are accomplished.
GLIDE PATH — A descent profile determined for vertical guidance during a final approach.
HEIGHT ABOVE AERODROME (Non-precision Approach or Circling) (HAA) — The height of
the Minimum Descent Altitude above the published aerodrome elevation.
HEIGHT ABOVE THRESHOLD (Precision Approach) (HAT) — The height of the Decision Alti-
tude above the threshold.
INSTRUMENT APPROACH AND LANDING OPERATIONS — Instrument approach and landing
operations are classified as follows:
a. Non-Precision Approach and Landing Operations: Instrument approaches and landings
which do not utilize electronic glide path guidance.
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b. Precision Approach and Landing Operations: Instrument approaches and landings using
precision azimuth and glide path guidance with minima as determined by the category of
operation. Categories of Precision Approach and Landing Operations are:
1. Category I (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a deci-
sion height not lower than 200 ft and a visibility not less than 800m, or a RVR not less
than 550m.
2. Category II (CAT II) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a deci-
sion height lower than 200 ft but not lower than 100 ft, and a runway visual range not
less than 350m.
3. Category IIIA (CAT IIIA) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a
decision height lower than 100 ft, or no decision height and a runway visual range not
less than 200m.
4. Category IIIB (CAT IIIB) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a
decision height lower than 50 ft, or no decision height and a runway visual range not
less than 50m.
5. Category IIIC (CAT IIIC) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with no
decision height no runway visual range limitations.
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE — A series of predetermined maneuvers by reference
to flight instruments with specified protection from obstacles from the initial approach fix or, where
applicable, from the beginning of a defined arrival route to a point from which a landing can be
completed and thereafter, if a landing is not completed, to a position at which holding or enroute
obstacle clearance criteria apply.
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS) — A precision instrument approach system which nor-
mally consists of the following electronic components: VHF Localizer; UHF Glide slope; VHF
Marker Beacons.
INSTRUMENT RUNWAY — One of the following types of runways intended for the operation of
aircraft using instrument approach procedures:
a. Non-Precision Approach Runway — An instrument runway served by visual aids and a
nonvisual aid providing at least directional guidance adequate for a straight-in approach;
b. Precision Approach Runway, CAT I — An instrument runway served by ILS and visual
aids intended for operations with a decision height not lower than 200 ft and either a visibility
not less than 800m, or a RVR not less than 550m;
c. Precision Approach Runway, CAT II — An instrument runway served by ILS and visual
aids intended for operations with a decision height lower than 200 ft but not lower than 100 ft
and a RVR not less than 350m;
d. Precision Approach Runway, CAT III — An instrument runway served by ILS to and along
the surface of the runway and:
1. for CAT IIIA – intended for operations with a decision height lower than 100 ft, or no
decision height and a RVR not less than 200m;
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2. for CAT IIIB – intended for operations with a decision height lower than 50 ft, or no deci-
sion height and a RVR less than 200m but not less than 50m;
3. for CAT IIIC – intended for operations with no decision height and no RVR limitations.
LOCALIZER — The component of an ILS which provides azimuth guidance to a runway. It may
be used as part of an ILS or independently.
MARKER BEACON — A type of radio beacon, the emissions of which radiate in a vertical pat-
tern.
MINIMUM ALTITUDE — The minimum altitude for a particular instrument approach procedure is
the altitude at which an aircraft shall discontinue an instrument approach unless continual visual
reference to the ground or water has been established and ground visibility is equal to or greater
than that specified for landing. (Applicable to DA/MDA on procedures designed to an earlier edi-
tion of PANS-OPS, Document 8168.)
MINIMUM SECTOR ALTITUDE — The lowest altitude which may be used which will provide a
minimum clearance of 1000' above all objects located in an area contained within a sector of a
circle of 25 NM or 10 NM radius centered on a radio aid to navigation or, where there is no navi-
gation aid, the Aerodrome Reference Point.
MINIMUM VECTOR ALTITUDE — The lowest altitude which a controller may assign to a pilot in
accordance with the Radar Terrain Clearance Chart.
MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURE — The procedure to be followed if the approach cannot be
continued.
NIGHT — That period of time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morn-
ing civil twilight.
PRECISION RUNWAY MONITOR (PRM) — A surveillance radar system with a minimum azimuth
accuracy of 0.06°, an update period of 2.5 seconds or less and a high resolution display providing
position prediction and deviation alert, used in providing ILS course monitoring during independ-
ent approaches to runways separated by less than 1,525M.
PRE-DEPARTURE CLEARANCE (PDC) — A means of delivering an unsolicited, text-based air-
ways clearance to eligible aircraft via an ATC data link.
PREFERRED RUNWAY — A runway nominated by ATC or listed in Airport Directory as the most
suitable for the prevailing wind, surface conditions or noise sensitive areas in the proximity of the
aerodrome.
PROCEDURE ALTITUDE/HEIGHT — A specified altitude/height flown at or above the minimum
altitude/height, and established to accommodate a stabilized descent at a prescribed descent gra-
dient/angle in the intermediate/final approach segment.
RADIO HEIGHT — The radio altimeter reading which is equivalent to the OCA adjusted for ter-
rain/ obstacle profile.
REFERENCE DATUM HEIGHT (RDH) — The height of the measured ILS glide path at the
threshold. It will provide a similar value to Threshold Crossing Height.
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SEGMENT MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE — The lowest altitude at which the minimum obstacle
clearance is provided.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT ARRIVAL (STAR) — A designated IFR arrival route linking a signifi-
cant point, normally on an ATS route, with a point from which a published instrument approach
procedure can be commenced.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE (SID) — A designated IFR departure route linking the
aerodrome or a specified runway of the aerodrome with a specified significant point, normally on a
designated ATS route, at which the enroute phase of a flight commences.
THRESHOLD CROSSING HEIGHT (TCH) — The calculated height of the procedure nominal
approach path at the threshold. For ILS, the TCH will be similar to the Reference Datum Height.
TRANSITION ALTITUDE — The altitude at or below which the vertical position of an aircraft is
controlled by reference to altitudes.
VISIBILITY — Visibility for aeronautical purposes is the greater of:
a. the greatest distance at which a black object of suitable dimensions situated near the
ground, can be seen and recognized when observed against a bright background; or
b. the greatest distance at which lights in the vicinity of 1000 candelas can be seen and identi-
fied against an unlit background.
VISUAL (ATC USAGE) — Used by ATC to instruct a pilot to see and avoid obstacles while con-
ducting flight below the MVA or MSA/LSALT.
VISUAL (PILOT USAGE) — Used by a pilot to indicate acceptance of responsibility to see and
avoid obstacles while operating below the MVA or MSA/LSALT.
VISUAL APPROACH SLOPE INDICATOR SYSTEM (VASIS) — A system of lights so arranged
as to provide visual information to pilots on approach of their position in relation to the optimum
approach slope for a particular runway.
2 ABBREVIATIONS
AACC Area Approach Control Centre
AL Approach Lights
ALM Aircraft Landing Minima
AOC Aerodrome Obstacle Chart (followed by name/title)
APDC Aircraft Parking/Docking Chart (followed by name/title)
ASC Ascent to, Ascending to
AZM Azimuth
CL Center Line
DAP Departure and Approach Procedures
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DCKG Docking
DES Descend to, Descending to
DIV Diversion, Divert, Diverting
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DR Dead Reckoning
ENRC Enroute Chart (followed by name/title)
ERC Enroute Chart
FNA Final Approach
GND Ground
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GP Glide Path
GPI Glide Path Intercept
GPS Global Positioning System
HAA Height Above Aerodrome
HAT Height Above Threshold
HLDG Holding
IAC Instrument Approach Chart (followed by name/title)
IAL Instrument Approach and Landing Chart
INBD Inbound
INSTL Install, Installed, Installation
INSTR Instrument
IWP Intermediate Waypoint
LDG Landing
LMT Local Mean Time
LOC Localizer
LVL Level
MAP Missed Approach Point (in Jeppesen charting)
MAPT Missed Approach Point (in Australian charting)
MNM Minimum
MOC Minimum Obstacle Clearance (required)
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MSA Minimum Sector Altitude

NAP Noise Abatement Procedures
OCC Occulting (light)
OHD Overhead
PAL Pilot Activated Lighting
PEC Pressure Error Correction
PFR Preferred Route
PILS Practice ILS
PLVL Present Level
PPSN Present Position
PRD Prohibited, Restricted and Danger Areas
PRKG Parking
PTN Procedure Turn
RDL Radial
RENL Runway End Lights
RH Radio Height
RHC Right Hand Circuit
RLLS Runway Lead-In Lighting
RPI Runway Point of Intercept
RSR Enroute Surveillance Radar
RTHL Runway Threshold Light(s)
RTZL Runway Touchdown Zone
SDC Standard Departure Clearance
SECT Sector
SRD Standard Radar Departure
STAR Standard Arrival Route
TCH Threshold Crossing Height
TGL Touch and Go Landing
TP Turning Point
TR Track
VTC Visual Terminal Chart (followed by name/title)
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HOLDING PROCEDURES
1 GENERAL
1.1 When holding is required in a specified pattern, the procedures in the following paragraphs
must be used.
1.2 The shape and terminology associated with standard holding patterns are as illustrated
below.
1.3 Right turns holding patterns are standard holding patterns and must be flown unless the
chart depicts, or ATC directs, otherwise.
Some area navigation systems are unable to fly non-RNAV holding patterns with strict compliance
with the PANS-OPS, Volume II assumptions. These systems may not be used operationally
unless the operator has obtained approval in writing that CASA is satisfied that the area naviga-
tion systems’ commands will contain the aircraft within the basic holding area defined by PANS-
OPS Volume II for the environmental conditions assumed by those criteria. Where approval has
been given, the pilot must verify overflight of the stipulated fixes by means of the reference facility.
2 LIMITATIONS
2.1 Unless otherwise specified, holding procedures are subject to the following limitations:
a. Speed — Indicated speed must not exceed
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HOLDING PROCEDURES
1. up to and including FL140

– 230 kt, or
– 170 kt for holding where the approach is limited to Cat A and B aircraft only;
2. above FL140 up to and including FL200, 240 kt; and
3. above FL200, 265 kt.
NOTE: Above the highest MSA in turbulent conditions speeds may be increased to the
lesser of 280 KIAS or Mach 0.8 subject to ATC approval in controlled areas (CTA).
b. Outbound Timing — Timing begins abeam the fix or on attaining the outbound heading,
whichever comes later.
c. Time / Distance Outbound — The outbound leg must be no longer than:
1. Up to and including FL140 – 1 minute or the time or distance limit specified on the chart.
2. Above FL140 – 1.5 minutes or the time or distance limit specified on the chart.
d. Turns — All turns in nil wind should be at a bank angle of 25 degrees or Rate One, which-
ever requires the lesser bank.
e. Wind Allowance — Allowance should be made in heading and timing to compensate for the
effects of wind to ensure the inbound track is regained before passing the holding fix
inbound. Full use should be made of indications available from the aid and estimated or
known winds.
3 ENTRY INTO THE HOLDING PATTERN

3.1 The entry into the holding pattern must be according to heading in relation to the three entry
sectors shown below, recognizing a zone of flexibility of 5 degrees on either side of the sector
boundaries. For holding on a VOR intersection, the entry track is limited to the radials forming the
intersection. For holding on a VORDME fix the entry track is limited to either the VOR radial, DME
arc or alternatively along the entry radial to a VORDME fix at the end of the outbound leg, as pub-
lished.
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HOLDING PROCEDURES
3.2 STANDARD HOLDING PATTERN ENTRY PROCEDURES

Right Turn Holding Procedure
Left Turn Holding Procedure
3.2.1 Entry from Sector 1 (Parallel Entry)

a. On reaching the holding fix, the aircraft is turned onto an outbound heading for the appropri-
ate time (taken from over or abeam the holding fix whichever is later), or until reaching the
limiting DME distance if earlier; then
b. the aircraft is turned onto the holding side to intercept the inbound track or to return to the fix;
and then
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HOLDING PROCEDURES
c. on the second arrival over the holding fix, the aircraft is turned to follow the holding pattern.
3.2.2 Entry from Sector 2 (Offset Entry)
a. On reaching the holding fix, the aircraft is turned onto a heading to make good a track
making an angle of 30 degrees from the reciprocal of the inbound track on the holding side;
then
b. flown outbound:
1. for the appropriate period of time from the holding fix, where timing is specified, up to a
maximum of 1 minute and 30 seconds; or, if earlier
2. until the appropriate limiting DME distance is attained, where distance is specified; then
c. the aircraft is turned in the direction of the holding pattern to intercept the inbound holding
track; then
d. on second arrival over the holding fix, the aircraft is turned to follow the holding pattern.
3.2.3 Entry from Sector 3 (Direct Entry)
On reaching the holding fix, the aircraft is turned to follow the holding pattern. Outbound timing
begins abeam the fix, or when the abeam position cannot be determined, from completion of the
outbound turn.
3.2.4 DME Arc Entry
3.2.4.1 Having reached the fix, the aircraft must enter the holding pattern in accordance with
either Sector 1 or Sector 3 entry procedure.
4 STANDARD HOLDING PATTERN

4.1 An aircraft shall:
a. follow the prescribed track inbound to the holding fix;
b. execute a 180 degrees turn in the direction specified, so as to fly an outbound track parallel
to the inbound track;
c. continue outbound to the earlier of the time or the DME limit specified; and
d. execute a 180° turn to realign the aircraft on the inbound track.
4.2 DME LIMIT

4.2.1 The “DME limit” where prescribed for holding patterns is the DME distance at which the
outbound leg of the holding pattern shall be terminated and the turn to the reciprocal track com-
menced.
4.3 SHORTENING
4.3.1 The pilot may shorten the holding pattern to leave the holding fix at a specified time. For
prolonged holding at a level not limited by obstacles, the length of the pattern may be increased
subject to ATC approval where appropriate.
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HOLDING PROCEDURES
5 DESCENT IN HOLDING PATTERN

5.1 Subject to ATC approval, where appropriate, aircraft may descend as required.
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1 GENERAL
1.1 Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) are pre-planned IFR departure routes printed for
pilot use in diagrammatic and narrative form. They have been produced for selected aerodromes
to satisfy the requirements of:
a. noise abatement procedure tracks;
b. airspace segregation for ATC purposes;
c. obstacle clearance requirements; and
d. maximum traffic flexibility.
NOTE 1: SIDs do not account for engine failures or other emergencies involving loss of air-
craft performance.
NOTE 2: See Departure, Approach & Landing Procedures for use of published SIDs at aero-
dromes outside tower hours.
1.2 SIDs (procedural and radar) are procedures to be followed until the aircraft reaches the
LSALT for intercepting the flight planned route.
1.3 SIDs (procedural and radar) may be flown by aircraft already airborne provided that, before
commencing a SID, the pilot visually positions the aircraft on the runway centerline so that all
tracking and altitude requirements can be met.
1.4 A procedural SID specifies in both diagrammatic and narrative form the direction of turn,
tracks, and in some cases, altitude requirements and standard departure points. When tracking to
or from a navigation aid is not possible, nominal tracks are shown. The flight planned route should
be intercepted as closely as possible to the specified DME distance, where given.
1.5 Radar SIDs specify in diagrammatic and narrative form the initial track and minimum altitude
at which a turn may be initiated on to the ATC assigned heading.
NOTE: SID procedures assume that pilots will not compensate for wind effects when being radar
vectored, but will compensate for known or estimated wind effects when flying departure routes
which are expressed as tracks.
1.6 Each procedure indicates the minimum design climb gradient that ensures obstacle clear-
ance. Where the initial required climb gradient exceeds 3.3%, the altitude at which a 3.3% climb
gradient may be flown is also shown. An additional gradient, indicated by a figure in brackets may
be included. This additional gradient, based on an airspace requirement, should be flown by air-
craft required to remain in controlled airspace.
1.7 Diagrams also show minimum sector altitudes within 25 NM of the nominated azimuth aid.
NOTE: SID diagrams are not drawn to scale, bearings are magnetic and altitude requirements are
referenced to QNH.
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2 PROCEDURAL SIDs
2.1 Procedural SIDs are identified by the name of the first enroute waypoint, or by the name of a
waypoint within the SID, and the amendment status of the procedure; e.g., “CORAL TWO
DEPARTURE” or “COODA THREE DEPARTURE”.
NOTE 1: SIDS are not identified in terms of take-off runway designators, but separate SID instruc-
tions are listed and must be followed for each runway served by the SID.
NOTE 2: Parenthesis encompass limitations on the use of the procedures by some aircraft (loca-
ted in procedure title block and SID identifier) and abbreviations;
e.g., “STRATHBOGIE (SBG) EIGHT (NON-JET) DEPARTURE”.
2.2 Unless specifically designated otherwise, procedural SIDs are for use by all aircraft types.
3 RADAR SIDs
3.1 Radar SIDs are identified by the name of the city in which the aerodrome is located, or the
name of the aerodrome, and the amendment status of the procedure; e.g., “SYDNEY ONE
DEPARTURE” or “BANKSTOWN ONE DEPARTURE”.
3.2 ATC will assign a departure heading to be flown after the initial take-off phase as depicted
on the Radar SID chart, to the minimum vector altitude (MVA). The pilot-in-command is not to
commence the take-off without having obtained the assigned departure heading and should
advise ATC if the assigned departure heading is unacceptable.
3.3 The climb gradient shown on the Radar SID chart provides obstacle clearance up to the
LSALT, but ATC will ensure obstacle clearance during vectoring above MVA.
NOTE: Radar SIDs are not identified in terms of take-off runway designators, but separate Radar
SID instructions are listed and must be followed for each runway served by the procedure.
4 ATC PROCEDURES / REQUIREMENTS

4.1 ATC will nominate a requirement to operate in accordance with a SID procedure in the
departure instructions of an airways clearance.
Unless varied by ATC, or Instrument charts jet aircraft must commence acceleration to 250 kt IAS
no later than 3000 ft and maintain 250 kt until leaving 10,000 ft. The pilot in command must
advise ATC if the aircraft will be unable to comply. Where practicable this should be at ACD
stage.
Unless varied by ATC, compliance with noise abatement procedures must be maintained. At the
completion of the noise abatement procedure, or no later than 3000 ft, whichever is higher, jet air-
craft must commence acceleration to 250 kts and maintain 250 kts until leaving 10,000 ft.
The pilot-in-command must advise ATC if cleared via a SID which requires the use of navigation
aids not available to the aircraft.
A SID may be cancelled by ATC, either before or after take-off, by the use of the phrase:
“CANCEL SID” or “ON REACHING (level or distance) CANCEL SID (alternative ATC instruc-
tions).”
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In a radar environment, when a procedural SID is cancelled before takeoff, ATC may:
a. require the pilot-in-command to depart in accordance with a radar SID; or
b. issue alternative instructions that require the aircraft to depart on runway track using the
climb gradient specified in the cancelled SID. In this case, ATC will use the phrase “CANCEL
SID, MAINTAIN RUNWAY TRACK (three digits) DEGREES.”
NOTE: For the application of this procedure, the runway and radar SID tracks must be coin-
cident up to the MVA.
In VMC by day, the pilot in command may request, or ATC may issue, a visual departure.
When a procedural SID is cancelled airborne, the cancellation will not be effected below the MVA
(radar environment) or MSA / LSALT (non-radar environment) unless the cloud base is such as to
permit flight in VMC by day up to the MVA / MSA / LSALT, as appropriate.
4.9 When a departure report is required during a SID, the SID identifier must be included in the
report.
4.10 For a Radar SID, the direction of turn and assigned heading must be advised in the air-
borne report.
5 AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE
5.1 SIDs provide specific aircraft performance parameters. The design climb gradients are provi-
ded to assist the pilot in maintaining obstacle clearance. A pilot not meeting the published gradi-
ents, for any reason, accepts responsibility for obstacle clearance. If alternative procedures are
necessary; e.g., after engine failure, the pilot-in-command must advise ATC.
5.2 Procedures are designed to ICAO PANS-OPS obstacle clearance criteria which consist of:
a. 2.5% gradient of obstacle identification surfaces, or a gradient based on the most critical
obstacle, penetrating those surfaces, whichever is the higher gradient; and
b. 0.8% increasing obstacle clearance from zero at the departure end of the runway.
5.3 Any supplementary gradient given for altitude requirements imposed for other than obstacle
clearance purposes does not include the 0.8% clearance.
5.4 Where the initial climb gradient exceeds 3.3%, the altitude at which a 3.3% climb gradient
may be flown will be shown.
5.4.1 For climb gradients less than 3.3%, obstacle clearance has not been assessed.
5.5 Unless otherwise specified, flight parameters are as follows:
a. Bank angle — 15 degrees average achieved;
b. Maximum speed for turning departures — 290 kt.
NOTE: For climb gradients less than 3.3%, obstacle clearance has not been assessed.
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1 GENERAL
1.1 The DME or GPS Arrival procedure is an instrument approach procedure that provides
descent guidance along a specified track or sector, to the visual circling area of an aerodrome.
Azimuth guidance is required from the specified radio navigation aid. The requirements of Instru-
ment Approach/Take-off Procedures paragraphs 3.8, 3.10 and 3.12 apply.
1.2 Descent is not permitted until the aircraft is established within the appropriate sector or on
the specified inbound track.
1.3 If maneuvering within a sector is required, the pilot must ensure that the aircraft is contained
within the sector, at or above the appropriate segment minimum safe altitude. Maneuvering within
a sector after passing the final approach fix is prohibited.
1.5 GPS
1.5.1 Subject to the restrictions in para 1.5.2, GPS systems meeting the requirements of Area
Navigation (RNAV) Systems Approval and Operations may be used for distance measurement
during the conduct of a DME or GPS Arrival.
1.5.2 The following specific restrictions apply to the conduct of a GPS Arrival:
a. The database medium (card, chip, etc.) must be current and of a kind endorsed by the
receiver manufacturer.
b. The coordinates of the destination VOR or NDB, to which the descent procedure relates,
must not be capable of modification by the operator or crew.
c. GPS integrity (eg, RAIM) must be available before descending below the LSALT/MSA.
d. The nominated azimuth aid (VOR or NDB) must be used to provide track guidance during
the arrival procedure.
e. In the event of a significant disparity between the NDB or VOR track, and the GPS track indi-
cation, the pilot must discontinue the arrival procedure.
NOTE: Significant disparities (GENERAL FLIGHT PROCEDURES paragraph 5.5 refers) are:
a. NDB > 6.9 degrees and
b. VOR > 5.2 degrees
f. If at any time during the approach, there is cause to doubt the validity of the GPS information
(eg, RAIM warning), or if GPS integrity is lost (eg, RAIM not available), the pilot must con-
duct a missed approach.
2 OPERATIONS IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

2.1 The clearance “CLEARED DME (or GPS) ARRIVAL” constitutes a clearance for final
approach and authorizes an aircraft to descend to the minimum altitude specified in the appropri-
ate DME or GPS arrival procedure. ATC is not permitted to impose any altitude restriction on such
a clearance.
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2.2 When cleared for a DME or GPS arrival in controlled airspace an aircraft must not orbit,
enter a holding pattern, or use holding pattern entry procedures. ATC will not issue a clearance
for a DME or GPS arrival that involves the use of a holding pattern entry procedure.
2.3 When ATC cannot issue a clearance for an unrestricted DME or GPS arrival, the phrase
“DESCEND TO (level) NOT BELOW DME (or GPS) STEPS” may be used. Such an instruction
authorizes descent in accordance with the DME or GPS steps ONLY to the specified altitude.
2.4 ATC may clear an aircraft to intercept the final approach segment of another instrument
approach procedure. When clearing an aircraft for such a procedure ATC will use the phrase
“DESCEND TO (level) NOT BELOW DME (or GPS) STEPS” and will issue further instructions
prior to the aircraft’s reaching the cleared level.
2.5 Nothing in these procedures absolves the pilot-in-command from his/her responsibilities to
maintain the aircraft on the authorized track or within the defined sector.
NOTE 1: Where the track being flown is not aligned with the landing runway, a clearance for a
DME or GPS arrival includes a clearance to maneuver within the circling area to position the air-
craft on final for landing.
NOTE 2: Where possible, DME and GPS arrival procedures are designed to contain the aircraft
within controlled airspace and provide 500 ft separation from the CTA lower limit. However, there
are locations where the procedure commences in Class “G” airspace, or which can take aircraft
into Class “G” airspace on descent. Pilots should check procedures to ensure that aircraft are
contained in CTA where required.
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1 GENERAL
1.1 STARs are pre-planned IFR arrival routes which link enroute airways systems to a fix at or
near the destination aerodrome.
1.2 STARs satisfy the requirements of:
a. noise abatement procedure tracks;
b. airspace segregation for ATC purposes;
c. maximum traffic handling capacity; and
d. reduction in pilot/controller workload and air/ ground communication requirements.
1.3 STAR charts are designed to provide pilots with primary navigational reference during the
arrival phase, and specify in both diagrammatic and narrative form the route to be followed.
1.4 STARS depict:
a. a transition route, where necessary, to join a fix on the airway to the start of the arrival route;
b. an arrival route;
c. vertical navigation requirements to segregate traffic;
d. speed restrictions to assist in regulating the flow of arriving traffic; and
e. lowest safe altitudes for route segments, and a 25 NM MSA.
1.5 STARs are designed to terminate:
a. at a fix for an instrument approach; or
b. a fix for a visual approach; or
c. by initiation of vectoring to the final approach course.
2 STAR IDENTIFICATION AND CLEARANCE FORMAT

2.1 A STAR identifier is composed of the following items:
a. a basic indicator, which is the name of the arrival fix at which the arrival route begins;
b. a validity number to identify the current procedure; and
c. the word “ARRIVAL”; e.g., “ADAMS ONE ARRIVAL”.
2.2 A transition is identified by:
a. a basic indicator, which is the name of the transition fix located on an airway where the tran-
sition commences; and
b. the word “TRANSITION”; e.g., “EILDON WEIR TRANSITION”.
2.3 When a STAR includes more than one arrival track, ATC will nominate the runway to be
used in the STAR clearance. Nomination of a runway will identify the track to be flown; e.g.,
“CLEARED KINGLAKE ONE ARRIVAL, RUNWAY TWO SEVEN”.
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2.4 Instrument and visual terminal procedures for specified runways may be published on STAR
charts.
2.5 A level requirement depicted on a STAR chart does not authorize a pilot to descend to meet
that requirement. To remove any possible ambiguity, ATC will provide a level assignment with the
STAR clearance. ATC will also assign descent to permit compliance with vertical navigation
requirements. Pilots must inform ATC if a level requirement cannot be met.
2.6 A STAR clearance contains the following:
a. a STAR identifier;
b. a transition route, when applicable;
c. a runway, when applicable;
d. an instrument or visual termination procedure, when applicable; and
e. a level assignment.
3 STAR PROCEDURES
3.1 Prior to issuing a STAR clearance, ATC shall advise the pilot that “STAR clearance is availa-
ble”, unless the pilot has been advised by the preceding controller to “Expect STAR clearance” on
first contact.
3.2 STARs will normally be issued prior to commencement of descent to permit pilots to plan for
any vertical navigation requirements or speed restrictions.
For flights that have included PBN/T1 in Field 18 of the flight notification form, ATC will automati-
cally issue a STAR with an RN PAR termination where available (e.g., LIZZI ONE UNIFORM), or
an expectation of an RNP AR approach where there is no applicable STAR, except as follows:
a. The pilot requests an alternative approach.
b. Traffic sequencing requirements.
c. There is no RNP AR approach published for the particular runway or approach track.
3.4 Where there is more than one RNP AR approach for a particular runway, ATC will determine
the approach to be used based on traffic sequencing and/or separation requirements.
3.5 A STAR may be commenced at any point from a transition fix to the arrival fix.
3.6 A pilot must read back to ATC the STAR identifier and any transition runway and termination
procedure specified in the STAR clearance.
3.7 The pilot-in-command must advise ATC if cleared via a STAR which requires the use of nav-
igation aids not available to the aircraft.
3.8 Where a STAR incorporates circuit legs to a runway, pilots of aircraft not equipped with a
flight management system may have difficulty with navigation on the STAR. Where this is the
case, the pilot in command should accept the STAR clearance and request vectors when contact-
ing Approach Control; e.g., “REQUEST VECTORS FROM [waypoint or fix]”.
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3.9 The STAR speed requirement of 250 KIAS maximum below 10,000 ft must be complied with
unless amended by ATC. A speed restriction greater than 250 KIAS issued above 10,000 ft does
not vary this requirement. A speed less than 250 KIAS imposed above 10,000 ft must be com-
plied with throughout the STAR procedure.
3.10 ATC may cancel STAR speed requirements either by individual instructions; e.g.,
“CANCEL SPEED RESTRICTIONS”, or by general advice on the ATIS; e.g., “STAR SPEED
RESTRICTIONS DO NOT APPLY”.
3.11 ATC may hold or vector an aircraft after a STAR clearance has been issued.
3.12 When an aircraft is vectored away or deviates from a STAR or Transition Route associated
with a STAR, and the intention is that the aircraft will rejoin the STAR or Transition Route, ATC
will restate any restrictions/requirements applicable to the STAR or Transition Route up to and
including the point the STAR or Transition Route is rejoined.
3.13 ATC will initiate vectoring by use of the following phraseology:
“TURN LEFT (or RIGHT) HEADING (three digits) FOR SEQUENCING (or SEPARATION),
EXPECT (STAR or Transition Route identifier) IN (number) MILES (or AT (position))”.
3.14 When an aircraft is vectored or deviates off a STAR or Transition route, ATC will;
a. re-position the aircraft on the STAR or Transition Route;
b. provide direct tracking to a waypoint on the STAR or Transition Route; and
c. restate any restrictions/requirements applicable to the STAR or Transition Route being
rejoined up to and including the point the STAR or Transition Route is rejoined.
3.15 Following vectoring or holding pilots must resume the previously issued STAR clearance
including any transition and comply with any STAR or Transition Route restrictions/requirements
from the position at which the aircraft re-intercepts the STAR or Transition Route.
3.16 When required, holding must be in accordance with the published procedure, or as directed
by ATC.
3.17 ATC may cancel a STAR, either prior to or after the Arrival Fix. ATC will re-issue any new
STAR instruction in full.
3.18 When ATC cancels all STAR speed restrictions this includes cancellation of any general
requirement to maintain 250 kt or less below A100.
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1 APPLICATION
1.1 Noise Abatement Procedures shall normally apply to all jet propelled aircraft and other air-
craft having a MTOW exceeding 5700kg (12,560 lbs).
NOTE: A subsonic jet-propelled aircraft will not be permitted to operate in Australia unless it
meets the requirement of ICAO ANNEX 16, Volume I, Chapter 3 (not published herein).
1.2 Where noise abatement procedures are prescribed, and ATC traffic management permits,
the runway nomination provisions published on NOISE charts will be applied. Not withstanding
this, noise abatement will not be a determining factor in runway selection under the following cir-
cumstances (unless required by Noise Abatement legislation):
a. In conditions of low cloud, thunderstorms and/or poor visibility;
b. For runway conditions that are completely dry:
2. when the downwind component, including gusts, exceeds 5 kt;
c. For runway conditions that are not completely dry:
2. when there is a downwind component;
d. When wind shear has been reported;
e. When, in the opinion of the pilot-in-command, safety would be prejudiced by runway condi-
tions or any other operational consideration.
1.3 Preferred flight paths for arriving and departing aircraft have been determined for particular
locations. For departing aircraft they may be in the form of a SID. Arriving aircraft must not make
approaches to land below the visual or electronic glide paths for the runway in use. The require-
ment to follow the noise abatement flight paths shall be subject to a specific ATC clearance or
instruction, and may be varied by ATC for operational reasons; e.g., weather, traffic complexity.
1.4 Aircraft operating outside tower hours of operation (at locations which do not have continu-
ous tower services) must comply with relevant noise abatement procedures only where they do
not conflict with circuit direction requirements for that location.
1.5 Noise abatement departure procedures will be developed by the operator for each aircraft
type in accordance with the requirements of ICAO Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Air-
craft Operations (PANS-OPS) Vol. 1, Part V, Chapter 3. and are subject to approval by the Civil
Aviation Safety Authority.
1.6 Noise abatement departure procedures must be used by jet propelled aircraft from the loca-
tions and runways identified under the noise abatement procedures published in Jeppesen Termi-
nal section. The departure procedure to be used on a specific departure should satisfy the noise
abatement objectives of the airport operator in alleviating noise either close to the airport or dis-
tant from the airport. Examples of such procedures are given in PANS-OPS Vol. I, Part V, Chap-
ter 3 (NADP 1 and NADP 2).
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NOTE 1: NADP 1 and NADP 2 are EXAMPLES only. The actual procedures developed by the
operator for a specific aircraft type may vary from these examples provided the minimum require-
ments of the procedures are met.
NOTE 2: The power settings to be used subsequent to the failure or shutdown of an engine or
any other apparent loss of performance, at any stage in the take-off or noise abatement climb, are
at the discretion of the pilot-in-command, and noise abatement considerations no longer apply.
1.7 As an alternative to the procedures detailed in para 1.6, operators of aircraft which have
engines with a by-pass ratio greater than 3.5 may use the procedure detailed below:
a. climb at V2 +10KT to V2 +20KT – or body angle limit speed; and
b. maintain take-off power to a height above the airport of 1000 ft:
c. then maintaining a positive rate of climb, accelerate to zero flap minimum safe maneuvering
speed (VZF ) retracting flap on schedule;
d. then reduce to normal climb power/thrust; and
NOTE: For aircraft with slow flap retraction, reduce power/thrust at an intermediate flap set-
ting.
e. continue climb at not greater than VZF +10KT to a height above the airport of 3000 ft:
f. accelerate smoothly to enroute climb speed; and
g. maintain runway heading unless required to do otherwise in accordance with a SID or spe-
cific ATC instruction.
2 CURFEWS
2.1 There are curfews on some operations at Adelaide, Gold Coast, Melbourne/Essendon and
Sydney airports. See the applicable NOISE charts for details.
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INSTRUMENT APPROACH/TAKEOFF PROCEDURES
1 APPLICATION
1.1 The provisions of this section apply to aircraft operating under Instrument Flight Rules,
unless otherwise approved by CASA.
1.2 Instrument approach procedures are designed on criteria contained in two different editions
of ICAO PANS-OPS, Document 8168.
1.2.1 Procedures complying with the provisions of the new PANS-OPS, Document 8168, Vol II
are being progressively introduced.
1.2.2 Procedures designed on an earlier version of PANS-OPS retain the following operational
differences:
a. the circling area is the area contained within 3 NM of the aerodrome reference point except
when the aerodrome has runways in excess of 1800m where the circling area is bounded by
the circumference of 3 NM arcs drawn from the ends of the runways and the tangents joining
these arcs;
b. circling minimums provide an obstacle clearance of at least 400 ft in the circling area;
c. airspeed during the approach shall not exceed 175 KIAS;
d. all altitudes shown on the approach profile are descent limitations;
e. a missed approach point is not annotated on all charts. Missed approach shall be executed
on reaching the published position or altitude from which the missed approach procedure
commences.
1.3 The circling restrictions shown on approach charts apply by day in less than VMC, and at
night.
1.4 All procedures depict tracks, and pilots should attempt to maintain the track by applying cor-
rections to heading for known wind or estimated wind.
NOTE 1: Plan and profile diagrams of holding and approach procedures on the instrument
approach charts are diagrammatic. The profile line of a non-precision segment of an instrument
approach does not necessarily represent the optimum descent profile. However, if a limiting fix or
radial is shown on these procedures, the segment must be terminated at the earlier limit of the
time or fix specified.
NOTE 2: Times shown on outbound legs of holding and approach procedures provide for opti-
mum maneuvering in zero wind. These times may be adjusted only to the extent that allows for
known wind component.
NOTE 3: On profile diagrams where an approach without DME is combined with one using DME
(e.g., VOR DME or VOR), any reference to a DME Fix refers only to the approach using DME.
The reference to time only refers to the approach not using DME. Compliance with indicated fix
positions and DME distances of DME descent procedures is mandatory.
1.5 MINIMUM SECTOR ALTITUDE (MSA)

1.5.1 25 NM and 10 NM MSAs provide 1000 ft obstacle clearance. An aircraft within 25 NM or
10 NM of the facility may use the applicable MSA, and deviation from the track being flown is per-
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mitted to facilitate entry to the instrument approach. In instances where the 25 NM MSA has been
divided into sectors, and the appropriate Sector MSA is lower than the 10 NM MSA, the Sector
MSA may be used for tracking to the aid provided aircraft tracking can be maintained within the
sector.
1.6 MINIMUM ROUTE ALTITUDES

1.6.1 Except when complying with the requirements for a visual approach, when conforming to a
published DME or GPS Arrival Procedure, or when identified and assigned an altitude by ATC, an
aircraft approaching an aerodrome must not descend below the LSALT or the MSA for the route
segment being flown until it has arrived over the IAF or facility.
1.7 PROCEDURE ENTRY

1.7.1 Having arrived over the IAF or facility, and except as provided in paragraph 3.4, further
descent shall be made in accordance with the entry and holding procedures to the specified alti-
tude for commencing the approach and subsequently in accordance with the approved instrument
approach procedure.
1.8 DME DISTANCE / ALTITUDE

1.8.1 A DME distance / altitude table is provided on charts where runway approach minima are
published and the DME and azimuth facilities are suitably located. This table is provided to assist
in maintaining an optimum descent profile where glide slope guidance may not be available.
Wherever possible, the profile has been designed to allow for a descent of 3° (approximately 320
ft per mile) to the touchdown point (nominally 300m past the runway threshold). The designed
rates of descent for profiles in excess of 3° are noted on the chart. Altitudes have been rounded to
the nearest 10 ft.
1.9 TEMPERATURE ERROR

1.9.1 All altitude information has been calculated for International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
conditions.
2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE CATEGORY
2.1.1 The following categories, based upon Vat (except for CAT H), determine landing minima
for aircraft:
Category:
A — speeds up to 90 KIAS
B — speeds from 91 to 120 KIAS
C — speeds from 121 to 140 KIAS
D — speeds from 141 to 165 KIAS
E — speeds above 166 to 210 KIAS
H — (helicopters) see paragraph 2.2
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NOTE: Vat is the indicated airspeed at the threshold which is equal to the stalling speed Vso multi-
plied by 1.3 or the stalling speed Vs1g multiplied by 1.23. Both Vso and Vs1g apply to aircraft in the
landing configuration at the maximum certificated landing weight. If both Vso and Vs1g are availa-
ble for an aircraft, the higher resulting Vat must be used.
2.1.2 An aircraft must fit into and be operated in accordance with the requirements of only one
category. An aircraft:
a. may not reduce category because of reduced operating weight, but
b. must increase category when actual handling speeds are in excess of those for category
(based on Vat ) detailed in para 2.3.
2.1.3 Provided an aircraft can be operated within the limits of the handling speeds (detailed at
para 2.3) for a lower category than the category determined by Vat , and subject to approval by
CASA, an operator whose crew(s) operate under a CAR 217 training and checking organization
may operate that aircraft type at the lower category. When such an approval is granted, all com-
pany operations of the aircraft type must be in accordance with the requirements of the revised
category.
2.2 HELICOPTERS
2.2.1 The following criteria apply to helicopter-specific instrument approach procedures and
operations:
a. the stall speed method of calculating aircraft category does not apply to helicopters;
b. where helicopters are operated similarly to airplanes, they may be classified as CAT A;
c. procedures developed for the specific use of helicopters are:
1. designated “CAT H”, and
2. promulgated on separate charts; i.e., they are not included on charts containing proce-
dures for other aircraft categories.
2.3 HANDLING SPEEDS

2.3.1 The handling speeds for aircraft categories during instrument approach procedures are as
follows:
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SPEEDS FOR PROCEDURE IN KNOTS IAS

RANGE OF
MAXIMUM
SPEEDS FOR RANGE OF FI- MAXIMUM
SPEEDS FOR
AIRCRAFT INITIAL AND NAL AP- SPEEDS FOR
Vat VISUAL MANEU-
CATEGORY INTERMEDI- PROACH MISSED AP-
VERING (CIR-
ATE AP- SPEEDS PROACH
CLING)
PROACH
A <91 90 - 150 70 - 100 100 110
(110*)
B 91 - 120 120 - 180 85 - 130 135 150
(140*)
C 121 - 140 160 - 240 115 - 160 180 240
D 141 - 165 185 - 250 130 - 185 205 265
E 166 - 210 185 - 250 155 - 230 240 275
H N/A 70 - 120 60 - 90 N/A 90
*Max speed for reversal procedures.
Table 1.1
NOTE 1: On reversal procedures (see para 3.9) for which a FAF is not published, final approach
speed should be obtained before descending on the inbound track.
NOTE 2: Speed reduction below the initial segment speed range is permitted to enable the final
approach speed to be achieved prior to the commencement of the final segment.
2.4 SPEED RESTRICTIONS

2.4.1 Where speeds are restricted to values less than the maximums shown in the table above,
the restriction and applicable segment will be identified on the approach chart.
2.5 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE ALTITUDE (OCA)

2.5.1 Obstacle clearance altitude is:
a. in a precision approach procedure, the lowest altitude at which a missed approach must be
initiated to ensure compliance with the appropriate obstacle clearance criteria; or
b. in a non-precision runway approach procedure, the lowest altitude below which the aircraft
cannot descend without infringing the appropriate obstacle clearance criteria; or
c. in a visual (circling) procedure, the lowest altitude above the aerodrome elevation in accord-
ance with obstacle clearance criteria.
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2.6 AERODROME OPERATING MINIMA

2.6.1 The MDA and DA published on instrument approach charts are in accordance with ICAO
Annex 6, Part I (not published herein). Operations are not permitted to MDA or DA lower than
those published. Unless otherwise noted on the approach chart, MDA and DA equals the OCA.
2.6.2 Operators must, in accordance with ICAO Annex 6, Part I, Chapter 4, establish AOM for
each aerodrome to be used for operations. After consideration of the factors listed in Annex 6,
operators may determine that their AOM should be higher than the stated aerodrome operating
minima. In any event, all DAs must be adjusted to determine an AOM which accounts for aircraft
pressure error. Operators may apply aircraft Pressure Error Correction (PEC) or, alternatively,
add at least 50 ft to the published DA. Compensation for aircraft pressure error is not required
when determining AOM for non-precision approaches.
2.7 INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)

2.7.1 The ILS comprises localizer equipment, glide path equipment and marker beacons, usu-
ally supported by an NDB.
CAUTION:
a. False courses may exist or course reversals may occur outside the sector 35 degrees
either side of the localizer course.
b. Back beam radiation of a LOC can be received and displayed on aircraft navigation
instrumentation. Pilots should be alert to this possibility at locations providing
ILS/LOC approaches on reciprocal runways.
2.7.2 Failures
2.7.2.1 NDB — In the event of an NDB failure, aircraft must join the ILS outside the outer marker
as directed by NOTAM or ATC.
2.7.2.2 Glide Path — In the event of glide path failure, only the localizer procedure is available.
2.7.2.3 Markers — Where marker beacons are not available, aircraft may use the ILS provided
that the alternate fixes nominated on the instrument approach chart or by NOTAM are used for
altimeter checks.
2.7.3 Altimeter Checks
2.7.3.1 The final approach segment contains a fix at which the glide path/altimeter relationship
should be verified. If the check indicates an unexplained discrepancy, the ILS approach should be
discontinued. The following should also be complied with:
a. To ensure obstacle clearance, both LOC and glideslope should be maintained within half
scale deflection (or equivalent on expanded scale).
b. If, at any time during the approach after the FAP, the LOC or glideslope indicates full scale
deflection a missed approach should be commenced.
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2.7.4 Protection of ILS Critical and Sensitive Areas

2.7.4.1 Disturbances to ILS localizer and glide slope courses may occur when vehicles or air-
craft are operated near the localizer or glide slope antennas. To prevent these disturbances, ILS
critical areas are established near each localizer and glideslope antenna. For CAT II and III ILS
installations, an ILS sensitive area is also established.
2.7.4.2 Within Australia, ATC does not automatically protect the ILS critical areas when ILS
operations are taking place. Instead, the provision of ILS critical area protection depends on
weather conditions and the position of approaching aircraft as described in this section.
2.7.4.3 When the cloud ceiling is more than 600 ft and the visibility is more than 2,000m, ATC
does not protect the ILS critical area from disturbance by aircraft movement.
NOTE 1: When ATC is not protecting the ILS critical area, ILS beam bends may occur because of
aircraft interference. Sudden and unexpected flight control movements may occur at a very low
altitude or during the landing and roll-out when the autopilot attempts to follow the beam bends.
NOTE 2: A CAT I ILS is not required to support autoland operations although it is recognized that
some CAT I ILS facilities can support autoland operations. Unless specifically mentioned in the
AIP, it must be assumed that ILS signals to CAT I runways are not flight inspected for autoland
approaches, and therefore guidance signal anomalies may be encountered below the CAT I deci-
sion height without advance warnings.
2.7.4.4 When the cloud ceiling is at or below 600 ft, or the visibility is 2,000m or less, ATC will
protect the ILS critical area with the following exceptions:
a. An aircraft may enter an ILS critical area without ATC clearance, while landing or vacating a
runway after landing.
b. An aircraft may enter an ILS critical area during ground operations with ATC clearance, if:
1. an approaching aircraft has not passed the ILS outer marker; or
2. if an outer marker is not available – an approaching aircraft is not within 4 NM of the
landing runway threshold.
NOTE 1: Despite these protection measures, pilots may experience the ILS beam bends and
other interference:
a. during that part of an ILS approach prior to the outer marker or 4 NM from touchdown; or
b. after passing the outer marker or 4 NM point, if a preceding aircraft enters the localizer criti-
cal area in the process of landing or vacating the runway.
NOTE 2: See the note at para 7.4.3 relating to autoland operations on CAT I runways.
2.7.4.5 If an aircraft penetrates the critical area when the cloud ceiling is at or below 600 ft or the
visibility is 2,000m or less, ATC will broadcast an appropriate warning to:
a. any approaching aircraft that have passed the ILS outer marker; or
b. if an outer marker is not available – any approaching aircraft that are within 4 NM of the land-
ing runway threshold.
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2.7.4.6 If:
a. ILS CAT II or III approaches are conducted at an aerodrome; and
b. the cloud ceiling is below 200 ft, or the visibility is less than 550m;
then:
c. for the ILS critical area – once an arriving aircraft is passed the ILS outer marker or, if an
outer marker is not available, is within 4 NM of the landing runway threshold, ATC will not
permit other aircraft or any vehicle within the relevant ILS localizer or glidepath critical areas;
and
d. for ILS sensitive areas – once an arriving aircraft is within 2 NM of the landing runway
threshold, ATC will not permit other aircraft or any vehicle within the relevant ILS sensitive
areas.
NOTE: Despite these protection measures, pilots may experience the ILS signal interference
during that part of an ILS approach prior to the outer marker or 4 NM from touchdown.
2.7.4.7 Pilots should inform ATC about any intention to conduct:
a. an approach with minima less than CAT I; or
b. an autoland procedure.
When the cloud ceiling at or above 600 ft or the visibility is 2,000m or more, such information
must not be taken as a request for or expectation of the protection of the ILS but to enhance the
possibility for ATC to inform the flight crew of any known or anticipated disturbance. If necessary,
ATC will use the phrase “ILS CRITICAL (and/or SENSITIVE) AREA NOT PROTECTED”.
2.7.4.8 If an aerodrome supports localizer-guided take-offs and the visibility is less than 550m,
ATC will not permit another aircraft or vehicle within the applicable ILS localizer critical and sensi-
tive areas from the time the relevant aircraft has been cleared for take-off until it has completed its
take off.
2.7.4.9 At start up, pilots should inform ATC about any intention to conduct a guided take-off
that requires guidance provided by an ILS localizer.
NOTE: Localizer-guided take-offs are generally supported on runways which have published CAT
III approaches.
3 APPROACH PROCEDURES
3.1 USE OF NAVIGATION AIDS
3.1.1 Instrument approach procedures are based on specific navigation aids, with the applicable
navigation tolerances associated with the aids being used in the development of the procedure’s
obstacle protection surfaces. The navigation aid, or aids, upon which the procedure is based
is/are identified on each instrument approach chart. Only the navigation aid, or aids, included in
the chart title or identified on the instrument approach chart as suitable may be used to fly the
procedure. (Refer to RNAV systems approval and operations for use of GNSS in instrument
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approaches.) Use of a non-specified aid (e.g., another DME located on the aerodrome) is prohibi-
ted as it may jeopardize the integrity of the instrument approach procedure.
3.2 APPROACH SEGMENTS AND FIXES

3.2.1 Fixes associated with segments occur at the beginning of their segment. The initial, final
and missed approach fixes are shown. In addition, an area for circling the aerodrome in visual
conditions is considered.
3.2.2 Segment Parameters
3.2.2.1 Segment parameters are defined in ICAO PANS-OPS.
3.3 APPROACH DESIGN CONCEPT

3.3.1 Definitions. “Segment Minimum Safe Altitude” and “Procedure Altitude” are defined in
Definitions and Abbreviations.
3.3.2 Approach procedures are designed to facilitate descent from a Procedure Altitude to an
altitude from which either a straight-in landing or a circling procedure can be conducted. Approach
procedures are classified as either Precision or Non-Precision Approach (NPA). The latter fall into
two categories: those with distance measuring information (e.g., VOR/DME, LOC/DME, GNSS)
and those without (e.g., NDB and VOR).
3.3.3 Both categories of NPA provide obstacle clearance in accordance with the provisions of
ICAO Doc 8168 (PANS-OPS). However, those procedures which include distance measuring also
provide approach gradient advice.
3.3.4 Vertical Profile - NPA With Distance Measuring. NPAs with distance measurement are
designed to provide a constant angle descent from a procedure altitude to a point 50 ft above the
threshold (or to the circling altitude for procedures that permit only a circling approach.) The con-
stant angle descent profile is provided to reduce risks associated with Controlled Flight into Ter-
rain (CFIT) and is the recommended descent path. Each segment also specifies a Segment Mini-
mum Safe Altitude identified by shading on the profile diagram. Descent to the Segment Minimum
Safe Altitude is permitted at pilot’s discretion, but descent below the Segment Minimum Safe Alti-
tude will not ensure adequate obstacle clearance. During the conduct of a constant angle descent
in accordance with the published profile, the pilot must ensure that the aircraft remains above
each Segment Minimum Safe Altitude. The constant angle descent path is shown on the profile
diagram with the descent path angle annotated in degrees and an altitude/distance scale is provi-
ded to assist in maintaining the descent path. At each fix on the approach, an advisory crossing
altitude is shown on the profile diagram. The minimum published descent path angle is 3 degrees
(5.2%), but where obstacles require a steeper descent this angle may be increased to 3.77
degrees (6.5%) for Category A & B procedures or 3.5 degrees (6.1%) for Category C & D proce-
dures.
3.3.5 Vertical Profile - NPA Without Distance Measuring. As these types of procedures are
time based, a 3 degree profile cannot be published. Accordingly, a Procedure Altitude will be pub-
lished to establish the top of descent at the beginning of the inbound leg. This altitude will provide
the necessary obstacle clearance in addition to keeping the outbound and inbound rates of
descent within the PANS-OPS limits.
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3.4 PROCEDURE ENTRY

3.4.1 An aircraft which is not required to hold or to lose height in a holding pattern may com-
mence the approach without entering the holding pattern if:
a. in controlled airspace, ATC has cleared the aircraft for the approach;
b. in any airspace, for procedures using radio navaids:
1. the reversal procedure entry requirements are satisfied; or
2. the DME arc entry requirements are satisfied; or
3. the enroute track to the procedures commencement fix or facility is within 30 degrees
either side of the first track of the procedure; or
c. for procedures using GNSS:
1. in any airspace, the aircraft is tracking to an initial approach waypoint from within the
capture region (see Figure IAP-3-1 and Figure IAP-3-2) for that waypoint, or
NOTE: The first track of a GNSS procedure must be joined using the tracking guidance
provided by the GNSS receiver.
2. in controlled airspace, the aircraft is being vectored to intercept the initial approach seg-
ment or is tracking direct to the intermediate fix.
NOTE: “direct to” clearances may be requested to the intermediate fix (IF) provided that
the resultant change at the IF does not exceed 45°.
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Figure IAP-3-1 — RNAV GNSS (RNP APCH) Approach Capture Regions (Three Initial
Approach Waypoints)
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Figure IAP-3-2 — RNAV GNSS (or RNP APCH) Capture Regions (Two Initial Approach Way-
points)
NOTE: The first track of a GPS procedure must be joined using the tracking guidance provi-
ded by the GPS receiver.
3.5 DESCENT
3.5.1 For a straight approach (no reversal procedure), the aircraft must:
a. for a radio navaid-based approach, cross the fix or facility; or
b. for an area navigation-based approach, pass the waypoint, and when established on the
specified track, descend to not below the specified altitude.
3.5.2 For an approach which incorporates a reversal procedure, if an outbound descent is speci-
fied, the descent to the specified altitude may be commenced after the aircraft has crossed the fix
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or facility and is established on the specified track or has turned to a heading to intercept the
specified outbound track. The reversal procedure must be completed, again descending to any
lower altitude specified. Further descent, after the reversal procedure, must not be started until
established on the inbound track. For approaches without a FAF, the final segment commences
at the completion of the reversal procedure.
NOTE: “Established” means being within half full scale deflection for the ILS, VOR and GNSS,
within +/-5 degrees of the required bearing for the NDB, or within +/-2 NM of the DME arc.
3.5.3 Aircraft may commence a segment in excess of the specified commencement altitude pro-
vided that any upper altitude limitation is observed. However, rate of descent after the FAF should
not normally exceed 1,000 ft per minute.
3.5.4 Descent Gradients
3.5.4.1 Procedures are designed with the following descent gradients:
GRADIENT
SEGMENT
NORMAL MAXIMUM
Arrival As Required As Required
Initial 4% 8%
Intermediate Level 5%
5.2% (non-precision) 6.5%
Final
3 degrees (precision) Not Applicable
NOTE 1: The approach chart will indicate when other than a normal gradient is used in the final
segment.
NOTE 2: For procedures published with a distance / altitude scale, a 3 degree glide-slope is used
in calculating the descent data.
3.6 WIND EFFECT

3.6.1 Allowance should be made in heading and timing to compensate for the effects of wind.
Full use should be made of indications available from the aid and estimated or known winds.
3.7 BANK ANGLE

3.7.1 Procedures are based on a bank angle of 25 degrees, or a bank angle which will produce
a Rate One turn, whichever is less.
3.8 DME ARCS

3.8.1 DME arcs must be joined at or before an IAF and at an altitude not below the relevant
MSA or the appropriate sector DME arrival step.
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3.9 REVERSAL PROCEDURES

3.9.1 Reversal procedures are used to establish the aircraft inbound on an intermediate or final
approach track at the desired altitude. A reversal procedure consists of an outbound track fol-
lowed by a turning manoeuvre in order to reverse direction onto the inbound track. The procedure
can be a procedure turn or a base turn.
3.9.2 Reversal procedures are described and illustrated as follows:
a. Procedure Turn (45°/180°) — Consisting of a specified outbound track and timing from the
facility or fix, a 45° turn away from the outbound track for 1 minute from the start of turn for
categories A and B aircraft (1 minute 15 seconds for categories C, D and E aircraft), followed
by a 180° turn in the opposite direction to intercept the inbound track. The 45°/180° proce-
dure turn is an alternative to the 80°/260° procedure turn unless specifically excluded.
Figure IAP-3-3
b. Procedure Turn (80°/260°) — Consisting of a specified outbound track and timing from the
facility or fix, an 80° turn away from the outbound track, followed by a turn of 260° in the
opposite direction to intercept the inbound track. The 80°/260° procedure turn is an alterna-
tive to the 45°/180° procedure turn unless specifically excluded.
Figure IAP-3-4
NOTE: Some instrument approach procedures require a procedure turn after passing over a
navigation aid or fix. Where this requirement exists, the turn must be initiated immediately
after passing over the navigation aid or fix.
c. Base Turn — Consisting of a specified outbound track and timing or DME distance from a
facility, followed by a turn to intercept the inbound track. The outbound track and/or time may
be different for differing aircraft performance categories.
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Figure IAP-3-5
3.9.3 Entry — Reversal procedures must be entered from a track within +/-30 degrees of the
outbound track of the reversal procedure. However, for base turns, where the +/-30 degree direct
entry sector does not include the reciprocal of the inbound track, the entry sector is expanded to
include it. Where entry is required from tracks outside these limits, manoeuvring to establish the
aircraft onto the outbound track must be in accordance with the entry procedures associated with
the holding pattern.
Figure IAP-3-6
Figure IAP-3-7
3.10 MISSED APPROACH – STANDARD PROCEDURES

3.10.1 A missed approach must be executed if:
a. during the final segment of an instrument approach, the aircraft is not maintained within the
applicable navigation tolerance for the aid in use; or
b. during an instrument approach and below the MSA (as specified on the approach chart), the
performance of the radio aid becomes suspect or the radio aid fails; or
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c. visual reference is not established at or before reaching the MAP (non-precision) or DA/RH
(precision) from which the missed approach procedure commences; or
d. a landing cannot be effected from a runway approach, unless a circling approach can be
conducted in weather conditions equal to or better than those specified for circling; or
e. visual reference is lost while circling to land from an instrument approach.
NOTE 1: For the purpose of this paragraph “visual reference” means the runway threshold or
approach lights or other markings identifiable with the landing runway clearly visible to the pilot,
and either:
a. for circling approaches, clear of cloud, in sight of the ground or water and with a flight visibil-
ity not less than the minimum specified for circling; or
b. for runway approaches, a flight visibility or runway visual range not less than that specified
for the procedure.
NOTE 2: The missed approach is designed to provide a minimum obstacle clearance of 100 ft to
an aircraft climbing along the specified missed approach path at a gradient of 2.5% (152 ft/NM)
from the MAP (non-precision) or DA/RH (precision) from which the missed approach procedure
commences. If this missed approach climb gradient cannot be achieved, the DA, MDA or RH
should be increased, or other action taken, to achieve the required obstacle clearance along the
specified missed approach flight path.
3.10.2 In executing a missed approach, pilots must follow the missed approach procedure
specified for the instrument approach flown. In the event that a missed approach is initiated prior
to arriving at the MAP, pilots must fly the aircraft to the MAP and then follow the missed approach
procedure. The MAP in a procedure may be:
a. the point of intersection of an electronic glide path with the applicable DA; or
b. a navigation facility; or
c. a fix; or
d. a specified distance from the Final Approach Fix (FAF).
3.10.3 When a missed approach is required from visual circling, the expectation is that the pilot
will make an initial climbing turn toward the landing runway and overhead the aerodrome, where
the pilot will establish the aircraft climbing on the missed approach track. In as much as the cir-
cling maneuver may be accomplished in more than one direction, different patterns will be
required to establish the aircraft on the missed approach course depending on its position at the
time visual reference is lost.
3.10.4 If upon reaching the MAP, the required visual reference is not established, the pilot must
immediately initiate the published missed approach procedure or, where applicable, comply with
alternative ATC instructions. The phrase “or as directed by ATC” is included in published missed
approach instructions for applicable instrument approach procedures.
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3.10.5 A published missed approach procedure must not be flown unless commenced at the
MAP. If a missed approach climb is initiated before the MAP, the aircraft must track to the MAP
before commencing the missed approach procedure.
3.11 MISSED APPROACH TRACKING

A missed approach procedure may, or may not, specify lateral guidance. In either situation the
expectations of the pilot will vary as follows depending whether the procedure is based on a radio
navaid or GNSS:
a. When lateral guidance is specified with reference to a radio navaid (ie, a VOR radial, an
NDB bearing) the expectation is that the pilot will intercept the nominated track. Where an
intercept is required it will be both stated in the missed approach procedure’s text and shown
in the plan view on the procedure plate. The text will take the form of: “At the NDB (or VOR),
Turn Left (or Right) to intercept xxx ° (ZZ NDB or VOR). Climb to...”
b. When lateral guidance is specified based on GNSS the expectation of the pilot will take one
of two forms:
• For a straight missed approach or a turn at the MAPt, the pilot is expected to follow the
GNSS navigation commands to the next waypoint. The text will take the form of: ‘Turn Left
(or Right), Track DCT XXXXX. Climb to...’
• For a turn after the MAPt where there is not a subsequent waypoint the pilot is expected to
make-good the nominated track on the chart using the GNSS for navigation. The text will
take the form of: ‘Turn Left (or Right), Track xxx °. Climb to...’
c. When the instrument procedure is based on a radio navaid but the missed approach does
not specify lateral guidance the expectation is that the pilot will use DR to achieve the nomi-
nated track. Allowance for wind must be made to make-good this nominated track. The radio
navaid may be used to supplement track keeping during the missed approach when it is a
straight continuation of the final track, however guidance is not mandatory. The missed
approach procedure’s text will take the form of: ‘Turn Left (or Right), Track xxx °. Climb to...’
3.12
3.12 MISSED APPROACH REQUIREMENTS – GNSS
3.12.1 If a loss of RAIM or RAIM warning is indicated at any time after passing the Initial
Approach Fix, the pilot must immediately carry out a missed approach in accordance with pub-
lished procedures.
3.12.2 Provided the RAIM warning ceases when the missed approach is selected on the GPS
receiver, the GPS may be used for missed approach guidance.
3.12.3 Should the RAIM warning remain when the missed approach is selected, or should there
be any doubt about the accuracy of the GPS, then an alternative means of guidance or dead
reckoning must be used to fly the missed approach.
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3.13 MISSED APPROACH – HELICOPTER PROCEDURES

3.13.1 Pilots flying a helicopter instrument approach procedure, or flying visually within a VAA-
H, must execute a missed approach if:
a. during the instrument approach and below MSA (as specified on the instrument chart) the
performance of the navigation aid becomes suspect, or the navigation aid fails; or
b. visual reference is not established at or before reaching the MAWP from which the published
missed approach procedure commences; or
c. visual reference is lost within the VAA-H; or
d. a landing at the HLS is not assured.
NOTE 1: For the purpose of this paragraph, “visual reference” means:
a. the key lead-in points or HLS are clearly visible to the pilot; and
b. clear of cloud, in sight of ground or water, and with a flight visibility:
– by day, not less than that specified for Helicopter VMC, and
– at night, not less than the published minimum visibility for the procedure.
NOTE 2: The missed approach is designed to provide a minimum obstacle clearance of 100 ft to
a helicopter climbing at a gradient of 2.5% (152 ft/NM) from the MAWP and, from MDA, any point
within the VAA-H to the Missed Approach Turning Waypoint (MATWP) or Missed Approach Hold-
ing Waypoint (MAHWP), as applicable. If this missed approach climb gradient cannot be ach-
ieved, the MDA should be increased, or other action taken, to achieve the required obstacle clear-
ance along the missed approach flight path.
3.13.2 In executing a missed approach from the VAA-H of a helicopter GPS approach, pilots
must immediately track towards the MATWP or the MAHWP, as required by the particular proce-
dure.
3.14 CIRCLING APPROACHES AND VISUAL CIRCLING

3.14.1 A circling approach is an instrument approach to the circling minima with the intent or
requirement from the minima to visually maneuver the aircraft to align with the runway for a land-
ing. Each circling situation is different because of variables such as runway layout, final approach
track, wind velocity and meteorological conditions. Therefore, there can be no single procedure
designed that will cater for the conduct of a circling approach in every situation.
3.14.2 The information provided by spot heights on approach charts must be treated with cau-
tion. Spot heights on approach charts do not necessarily indicate the highest terrain, or all obsta-
cles in the circling area and, in addition, the charts may not cover all of the circling area. Before
commencing an instrument approach, pilots should familiarize themselves with the location and
altitude of obstacles in the circling area by studying an appropriate topographic map.
3.14.3 During visual circling, descent below the MDA may only occur when the pilot:
a. maintains the aircraft within the circling area; and
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b. maintains a visibility, along the intended flight path, not less than the minimum specified on
the chart for the procedure; and
c. maintains visual contact with the landing runway environment (i.e., the runway threshold or
approach lighting or other markings identifiable with the runway) and either
d. by night or day, while complying with a., b. and c. and from a position within the circling area
on the downwind, base or final leg of the landing traffic pattern at an altitude not less than
the MDA, can complete a continuous descent to the landing threshold using rates of descent
and flight maneuvers which are normal for the aircraft type and, during this descent, main-
tains an obstacle clearance along the flight path not less than the minimum for the aircraft
performance category until the aircraft is aligned with the landing runway; or
e. in daylight only, while complying with a., b. and c., maintains visual contact with obstacles
along the intended flight path and an obstacle clearance not less than the minimum for the
aircraft performance category until the aircraft is aligned with the landing runway.
NOTE 1: The concept is as follows:
a. The pilot maintains visual contact with the landing runway while the aircraft is circled at MDA
to a position within the traffic pattern that intercepts a normal downwind, base or final
approach. If the MDA is above the downwind height, the pilot maintains MDA and downwind
spacing until he/she reaches a position from which it can descend at normal approach rates
to join base.
b. When daylight exists and obstacles can be seen, the pilot has the option of descending from
MDA from any position within the circling area while maintaining an obstacle clearance not
less than that required for the aircraft performance category.
c. Once the pilot initiates descent below circling MDA, the obstacle protection offered by visual
circling at the MDA ends and he/she is responsible for ensuring the required clearance from
obstacles is maintained visually.
NOTE 2: The pilot should maintain the maximum practical obstacle clearance. The minimum
obstacle clearance requirements are: Categories A and B – 300 ft; Categories C and D – 400 ft;
and Category E – 500 ft.
NOTE 3: The circling area is determined by drawing an arc centered on the threshold of each
usable runway and joining these arcs by tangents. The radii are 1.68 NM (3111m) for Category A;
2.66 NM (4926m) for Category B; 4.2 NM (7778m) for Category C; 5.28 NM (9779m) for Category
D; and 6.94 NM (12,853m) for Category E. Runways less than 1000 meters long are not consid-
ered usable for Categories C, D and E.
3.15 VISUAL MANEUVERING (NON-CIRCLING) SUBSEQUENT TO NON-

PRECISION APPROACHES (NPA) AND APPROACHES WITH
VERTICAL GUIDANCE (APV)
3.15.1 Straight-in NPAs and APVs do not normally require visual circling. In those circumstan-
ces where the NPA or APV does not serve the landing runway, the provisions of para 3.13 apply.
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3.15.2 Descent below the Straight-in MDA. Descent below the straight-in MDA or continuation of
the approach below the DA during APVs, may only occur when:
– visual reference can be maintained;
– all elements of the meteorological minima are equal to or greater than those published for the
aircraft performance category; and
– the aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended
runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal flight maneuvers that will allow
touchdown to occur within the touchdown zone of the runway of intended landing.
3.15.3 NPA and APV Alignment. APVs are aligned with the runway centerline. Straight-in NPAs
may be aligned with the runway centerline or may be offset by up to 15° (Category C & D) or 30°
(Category A & B) (see Note 1).
3.15.4 Alignment with the Runway Centerline. Maneuvering to align the aircraft with the runway
centerline can be undertaken when:
– within the circling area,
– visual reference can be maintained,
– continuously in sight of ground or water.
NOTE 1: Procedures with offset angles greater than 5° are designed such that aircraft cross the
runway centerline no closer than 1,400M to the threshold.
For offset angles equal to or less than 5°, the final approach track is designed to be within 150
meters of the runway centerline at 1,400M. Some older procedures may use 900M in place of
1,400M.
NOTE 2: For the purpose of this section ‘visual reference’ means the runway threshold, or
approach lights or other markings identifiable with the landing runway clearly visible to the pilot
and a flight visibility not less than that specified for the procedure.
3.16 RESTRICTIONS ON VISUAL CIRCLING

3.16.1 Restrictions on Visual Circling
a. Where a prominent obstacle or obstacles within the circling area prevent visual circling the
sector in which the obstacles are located may be eliminated from the visual circling area.
Sectors which have been eliminated from the visual circling area are annotated ‘No Circling’.
b. Visual circling is prohibited in ‘no circling’ sectors by day in less than VMC and at night.
3.16.2 After initial visual contact, the basic assumption is that the runway environment (i.e. the
runway threshold or approach lighting aids or other markings identifiable with the runway) will be
kept in sight while at the MDA for circling (Reference: ATC 200 series).
3.16.3 The visual circling procedure conducted at or above the circling MDA will provide protec-
tion from obstacles within the circling area (see Note 1 c. and Note 3).
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3.17 VISUAL SEGMENTS

3.17.1 When an instrument approach procedure specifies a visual segment from the point where
the MDA is reached to the circling area of the aerodrome, a missed approach shall be executed
unless the visual segment can be flown clear of cloud and in sight of the ground or water in
accordance with the altitude and visibility specified for circling.
3.18 VISUAL APPROACHES

3.18.1 Subject to the requirements of visual circling, missed approach and visual segments
paragraphs above, the pilot need not commence or may discontinue the approved instrument
approach procedure to that aerodrome when:
a. By Day — Within 30 NM of that aerodrome at an altitude not below the LSALT/MSA for the
route segment, the appropriate step of the DME or GPS Arrival Procedure, or the MDA for
the procedure being flown, the aircraft is established:
1. clear of cloud;
3. with a flight visibility not less than 5000m or, in the case of a helicopter, is able to pro-
ceed under helicopter VMC, or the aerodrome is in sight; and
4. subsequently can maintain (1), (2) and (3) at an altitude not less than the minimum pre-
scribed for VFR flight (CAR 157), to within the circling area or, in the case of a helicop-
ter, can subsequently maintain helicopter VMC to the HLS.
b. By Night — At an altitude not below the LSALT/MSA for the route segment, the appropriate
step of the DME or GPS Arrival procedure, or the MDA for the procedure being flown, the
aircraft is established:
1. clear of cloud;
3. with a flight visibility not less than 5000m; and
4. within the circling area or VAA-H, as applicable; or
5. within 5 NM (7 NM for a runway equipped with an ILS) of that aerodrome aligned with
the runway centerline and established not below “on slope” on the T-VASIS or PAPI; or
6. within 10 NM (14 NM for runways 16L and 34L at Sydney Intl) of that aerodrome, estab-
lished not below the ILS glide path with less than full scale azimuth deflection.
NOTE: Reference to circling area in this section includes the circling area for the category of air-
craft or a higher category where the limitations of the higher category are complied with.
3.19 VISUAL APPROACH AREA — HELICOPTER

3.19.1 Helicopter GNSS instrument approach procedures include a Visual Approach Area — H
(VAA-H) which extends from the Missed Approach Waypoint (MAWP) to the HLS. Obstacle clear-
ance at MDA is assured within a VAA-H.
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3.19.2 The VAA-H comprises a 1 NM wide corridor centered on the track from the MAWP to the
HLS, plus the area beyond the HLS contained within a 0.5 NM radius centered on the HLS.
Figure IAP-3.9
3.19.3 Flight within a VAA-H is a visual maneuver. After visual contact is established, and after
passing the MAWP, the helicopter is maneuvered within the VAA-H, at an altitude not below the
MDA, utilizing key lead-in points until the HLS is sighted.
3.19.4 Descent below the MDA may only occur when the pilot:
a. maintains the helicopter within the VAA-H; and
b. maintains visibility along the intended flight path:
1. by day, not less than that specified for helicopter VMC, and
2. at night, not less than the published minimum visibility for the procedure; and
c. maintains visual contact with key lead-in points (i.e., lighting or other prominent identifiable
features) or the HLS; and
d. while complying with a., b. and c., intercepts a normal approach path to the HLS for the par-
ticular helicopter and a landing is assured.
4 AERODROME METEOROLOGICAL MINIMA

4.1 CEILING AND VISIBILITY MINIMA
4.1.1 The ceiling and visibility minima prescribed in this part are the meteorological conditions
under which an aircraft may take-off or land at an aerodrome. The meteorological conditions for a
particular aerodrome are below the minima for the aerodrome when, in the airspace encompass-
ing the intended flight path:
4.1.1.1
a. the total cloud amount below the ceiling minimum specified is greater than SCT; or
b. the visibility is continuously below the visibility specified.
NOTE: MDA equals ceiling minimum plus the aerodrome elevation.
AUSTRALIA
4.2 RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE AND RUNWAY VISIBILITY

4.2.1 In Australia, Runway Visual Range (RVR) observations are based solely on the informa-
tion provided by electronic systems such as transmissometers. RVR observations representative
of the touchdown, midpoint and roll out/stop end zones are automatically displayed in the local
ATC unit. At locations where RVR information is accessible to the Bureau of Meteorology, the
RVR is included in METAR and SPECI reports.
4.2.2 At places not equipped with RVR sensors or where one or more RVR sensors are unserv-
iceable, a Runway Visibility (RV) assessment may be provided instead. An RV assessment is a
report on the visibility in the touchdown and midpoint zones of a runway, and is assessed by a
ground observer counting visible runway lights or visibility markers.
4.2.3 An RV assessment is NOT a substitute for a required RVR observation and CANNOT be
used:
a. for Category II and III precision approaches, or
b. for Category I approaches when the visibility is less than 800m, or
c. for low visibility take-offs where the visibility is less than 350m.
An RV assessment is a subset of a general visibility observation and is intended to provide visibil-
ity information specific to a particular runway, which may be more useful to a pilot than the overall
ground visibility.
4.2.4 Pilots will be notified by ATIS broadcast or directed transmission if RVR/RV is not availa-
ble when visibility is less than 800m.
4.2.5 See Communications, Meteorological Information for the relevant RVR/RV phraseologies.
4.3 TAKE-OFF MINIMA FOR QUALIFYING MULTI-ENGINE IFR

AEROPLANES
4.3.1 The take-off minima in this section applies to a multi-engine IFR airplane that meets each
of the following requirements (a qualifying multi-engine airplane):
a. the airplane is:
1. 2 pilot operated; or
2. a single pilot operated jet airplane; or
3. a single pilot operated propeller airplane with operative auto feather; and
b. for an airplane with a MTOW exceeding 5,700kg – the airplane is able to meet the relevant
obstacle clearance requirements of CAO 20.7.1B; and
c. for an airplane with a MTOW not exceeding 5,700kg:
1. the gross climb gradient performance is at least 1.9% under ambient conditions with the
loss of the most critical engine; and
AUSTRALIA
2. the airplane engine-out climb gradient under ambient conditions specified in the manu-
facturer’s data is at least 0.3% greater than the obstacle free gradient for the runway
length required; and
3. the pilot in command uses published obstacle free gradients only if such gradients are
surveyed to at least a distance of 7,500m from end of TODA; and
NOTE: All runways with strip widths of 150m or greater are surveyed to 7,500m unless
otherwise annotated.
4. an operator-established obstacle free gradient is used only if:
– the gradient (having a 150m baseline at the end of TODA), 12.5% splays, and
7,500m distance) is established not more than 30° from runway heading; and
– the procedures involve not more than 15° of bank to track within the splay; and
d. for a 2-pilot operation – each pilot is:
1. endorsed on type; and
2. multi-crew trained on type; and
3. multi-crew proficiency checked within the previous 13 months; and
4. instrument rated.
4.3.2 The take-off minima for a qualifying multi-engine airplane are:
a. a ceiling of zero feet; and
b. visibility of:
1. 550m – but only if the following conditions are complied with:
– the runway must have illuminated edge lighting at spacing intervals not exceeding
60m, and centreline lighting or centreline markings; and
– if the aerodrome is a non-controlled aerodrome, or a controlled aerodrome without
ATC in operation – the take-off must be conducted by day only, and the aerodrome
must be one at which carriage of radio is mandatory; or
2. 800m.
4.3.3 It is a condition of the use of the take-off minima in this section that the pilot in command
of the airplane must ensure that:
a. if a return to land at the departure aerodrome will be necessary in the event of an engine
failure – the meteorological conditions must be at or above instrument approach and landing
minima for the aerodrome or such as to allow a visual approach; and
b. if engine failure occurs at any time after V1, lift-off, or encountering non-visual conditions –
terrain clearance is assured until reaching either enroute LSALT or departure aerodrome
MSA; and
AUSTRALIA
c. if a return to the departure aerodrome is not possible – the airplane’s performance and fuel
availability must each be adequate to enable the airplane to proceed to a suitable aero-
drome, having regard to terrain, obstacles and route distance limitations.
4.4 TAKE-OFF MINIMA FOR OTHER IFR AEROPLANES

4.4.1 The take-off minima in this section applies to an IFR airplane that is NOT a qualifying
multi-engine airplane within the meaning of Take-off Minima for Qualifying Multi-engine IFR Aero-
planes.
4.4.2 The take-off minima for the airplane are:
a. a ceiling of 300 ft; and
b. visibility of 2,000m.
4.4.3 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section that the pilot in command of the
airplane must ensure that:
a. terrain clearance is assured until reaching either enroute LSALT or departure aerodrome
MSA; and
b. if a return to the departure aerodrome is not possible – the airplane’s performance and fuel
availability are each adequate to enable the airplane to proceed to a suitable aerodrome,
having regard to terrain, obstacles and route distance limitations.
4.4.4 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section by a multi-engine airplane that:
a. if a return to land at the departure aerodrome will be necessary in the event of an engine
failure – the meteorological conditions must be at or above instrument approach and landing
minima for the aerodrome or such as to allow a visual approach; and
b. if engine failure occurs at any time after V1, lift-off, or encountering non-visual conditions ter-
rain clearance must be assured until reaching either enroute LSALT or departure aerodrome
MSA.
4.5 TAKE-OFF MINIMA FOR QUALIFYING MULTI-ENGINE IFR

HELICOPTERS
4.5.1 The take-off minima in this section applies to a multi-engine IFR helicopter operating in
PC1 or PC2 (a qualifying multi-engine helicopter).
4.5.2 The minima for a qualifying multi-engine helicopter are:
a. clear of cloud:
1. for helicopters operating in PC1 – until attaining the greater of Vyse or Vmin IMC; or
2. for helicopters operating in PC2 – until attaining the greater of Vyse or Vmin IMC, and
passing the defined point after take-off; and
b. visibility of:
1. 800m; or
AUSTRALIA
2. 550m, but only if the relevant runway or helicopter landing site has:
– illuminated edge lighting at spacing intervals not exceeding 60m; and
– centerline lighting or centerline markings.
4.5.3 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section that after entering instrument mete-
orological conditions the take-off must be conducted:
a. either:
1. in accordance with published IFR departure procedures; or
2. if there are no published procedures – such that terrain clearance is assured; and
b. in a 1-engine inoperative configuration until reaching enroute LSALT or departure aerodrome
MSA and safe flight can be made to a suitable destination or alternate, or a return to land
can be made.
4.5.4 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section that if a return to land at the depar-
ture aerodrome will be necessary in the event of an engine failure, the meteorological conditions
must be at or above instrument approach and landing minima for the aerodrome for the instru-
ment approach with the highest visibility and ceiling requirement or such as to allow a visual
approach.
4.6 TAKE-OFF MINIMA FOR OTHER IFR HELICOPTERS

4.6.1 The take-off minima in this section applies to an IFR helicopter that is NOT a qualifying
multi-engine helicopter within the meaning of Take-off Minima for Qualifying Multi-engine IFR
Helicopters.
4.6.2 The minima for the helicopter are:
a. a ceiling of 500 ft; and
b. visibility of 800m.
4.6.3 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section that after entering instrument mete-
orological conditions the take-off must be conducted either:
a. in accordance with published IFR departure procedures; or
b. if there are no published procedures – such that terrain clearance is assured;
until reaching either enroute LSALT or departure aerodrome MSA and safe flight to a suitable
destination or alternate, or a return to land can be made.
4.6.4 It is a condition of the use of the minima in this section that if a return to land at the depar-
ture aerodrome will be necessary in the event of an engine failure, the meteorological conditions
must be at or above instrument approach and landing minima for the aerodrome for the instru-
ment approach with the highest visibility and ceiling requirement or such as to allow a visual
approach.
AUSTRALIA
4.7 LANDING MINIMA

4.7.1 Aerodromes without Approved Instrument Approach Procedures
IFR Day – visual approach requirements.
IFR Night – VMC from LSALT within 3 NM.
4.7.2 Aerodromes with Approved Non-Precision Approach Procedures
IFR Day and Night – minima specified in the relevant Instrument Approach Chart. However if the
installed HIAL on a runway is not available, the landing visibility minima for a Localiser (LOC)
approach must be increased by 900m.
4.7.3 Aerodromes with Approved Precision Approach CAT I Procedures
Published ILS CAT I DA and visibility minima may be used, except that:
a. minimum visibility 1.5km is required when precision approach CAT I lighting system (also
known as HIAL) is not available; and
b. minimum visibility 1.2km is required unless:
1. the aircraft is manually flown at least to the CAT I DA using a flight director or approved
HUDLS; or the aircraft is flown to the CAT I DA with an autopilot coupled (LOC and
GP); and
2. the aircraft is equipped with a serviceable failure warning system for the primary attitude
and heading reference systems; and
3. high intensity runway edge lighting is available.
c. minimum visibility 0.8km is required if instrumented RVR information in the threshold zone is
not available.
d. A380 operators must use LOC MDA instead of the published ILS DA. ILS CAT I DA may be
used at Darwin, Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Alice Springs, Perth, Adelaide and Townsville
where specific calculations have been confirmed.
4.7.4 Aerodromes with Approved Precision Approach CAT II or III Procedures
Published ILS CAT II/III minima may be used, but only by aircraft operators approved by CASA.
NOTE 1: Operators of Australian registered aircraft wishing to operate to CAT II/III minima outside
Australia must also be approved by CASA.
NOTE 2: Approval requires operators to satisfactorily address aircraft equipment and mainte-
nance; pilot minimum experience requirements; pilot ground, simulator and flight training; pilot
competency and recency; aerodrome and runway assessment methods, in addition to any opera-
tional restrictions and/or local regulatory authority requirements.
AUSTRALIA
4.7.5 Correction of Instrument Procedure Minima for Non-Standard

Temperatures
Pressure altimeters are calibrated to indicate true altitude under ISA standard conditions. Any
deviation from ISA will result in an erroneous altimeter reading. In cold conditions the true altitude
will be lower than the indicated altitude and will reduce the obstacle clearance margins incorpora-
ted into instrument procedures. Published landing minima do not make any allowance for non-
standard temperatures at the QNH source (usually the aerodrome of destination). This effect, and
various methods to address it, is discussed in ICAO Doc 8168, Vol I (PANS-OPS), Part III, Sec-
tion 1, Chapter 4. A correction must be added to the published MDA or DA and procedure alti-
tudes when the temperature at the aerodrome of landing is less than ISA –15° C. Altitude correc-
tions can be determined by charts Figure 1 and 2 and the worked example shown below.
4.8 LOW VISIBILITY OPERATIONS

4.8.1 A low visibility operation is an operation involving:
a. an approach with minima less than precision approach CAT I; or
b. a take-off with visibility below 550m.
4.8.2 Aircraft operators may conduct low visibility operations only if specifically approved by
CASA. Approvals are granted in the form of an exemption to the standard IFR take-off and
approach minima and will be subject to specified requirements.
4.9 LOW VISIBILITY PROCEDURES

4.9.1 Low Visibility Procedures (LVPs) are applied at controlled aerodromes for protecting air-
craft operations during conditions of reduced visibility or low cloud. LVPs are initiated when the
visibility on an aerodrome becomes insufficient for ATC to control aerodrome traffic by visual sur-
veillance. Various LVP measures are progressively implemented as the weather deteriorates.
4.9.2 Pilots will be notified that low visibility procedures are in force by ATIS broadcast or direc-
ted transmissions.
NOTE: Despite aerodromes notifying low visibility procedures in force, ILS sensitive area protec-
tion is only provided at aerodromes with published ILS CAT II or III approach procedures. See
Protection of ILS Critical and Sensitive Areas for limits on ILS critical and sensitive area protec-
tion.
4.9.3 Pilots will be notified by ATIS broadcast or directed transmission if one or more RVR sen-
sors are not available when visibility is less than 800m.
5 APPLICATION OF AERODROME METEOROLOGICAL MINIMA

5.1.1 Prior to take-off and when an aircraft reaches the DA, MDA or RH, the pilot-in-command is
responsible for assessing whether the meteorological conditions are equal to or better than the
minimum prescribed for take-off or landing as applicable. A pilot must not take-off or, except in an
emergency, land or continue an approach below the prescribed DA, MDA or RH for the approach
AUSTRALIA
being conducted when any element of the prescribed meteorological criteria is continuously less
than the minima for the aircraft performance category (CAR 257).
5.2 ATC ASSESSMENT

5.2.1 While the decision to operate is solely that of the pilot-in-command, ATC will provide the
pilot-in-command with an assessment of ceiling and/or visibility as follows:
a. Take-off — Ceiling and visibility will be assessed in the airspace enclosing the expected
path of the aircraft during take-off and initial climb.
b. Landing — Ceiling and visibility will be assessed in the airspace enclosing the expected
final approach path and runway to be used.
5.3 QNH SOURCES

5.3.1 Prior to passing the IAF, pilots are required to set either:
a. the actual aerodrome QNH from an approved source, or
b. the forecast Terminal QNH, or
c. the forecast area QNH.
5.3.2 The landing, circling, and alternate minima for many Australian instrument approach and
DME or GPS arrival procedures were calculated using forecast aerodrome QNH. These minima
may be reduced by 100 ft whenever actual aerodrome QNH is obtained. At locations where fore-
cast QNH was used in the minima calculation, Jeppesen portrays the minima for both forecast
QNH and actual QNH. Approved sources of actual QNH are ATC, ATIS, AWIS and CASA-
approved meteorological observers. An actual aerodrome QNH obtained from an approved
source is valid for a period of 15 minutes from the time of receipt.
NOTE: METAR QNH does not meet the above requirement for actual QNH.
5.3.3 Where the forecast area QNH is used, the forecast Terminal QNH minima used must be
increased by 50 ft.
6 ALTERNATE WEATHER MINIMA

6.1 IFR FLIGHTS
6.1.1 Each approach chart shows the ceiling and visibility minima to be compared with the mete-
orological forecasts and reports to determine both the need to provide for an alternate aerodrome
and the suitability of an aerodrome as an alternate. (Jeppesen minima will be shown on the Air-
port pages.)
NOTE: Requirements for an aerodrome without an instrument approach procedure are detailed in
Airports and Ground Aids, Alternate Aerodromes.
6.2 SPECIAL ALTERNATE WEATHER MINIMA

6.2.1 Special alternate weather minima are available for specified approaches at some aero-
dromes for use by aircraft with dual ILS/VOR approach capability; i.e., with duplicated LOC, G/P,
AUSTRALIA
marker, and VOR receivers. The requirement for duplicated marker receivers may be satisfied by
one marker receiver and DME. (The assumption is that such aircraft will also have two ADF sys-
tems when an NDB is used for the ILS.)
6.2.2 Special alternate minima will not be available, and will revert to the standard alternate
minima, during periods when:
a. local METAR/SPECI or forecasting services are not available; or
b. an aerodrome control service is not provided.
The non-availability of MET or ATS services will be notified by NOTAM.
6.2.3 Where:
a. there is a protracted unserviceability (i.e.; more than seven days) of any one VHF approach
aid; or
b. facilities required for the conduct of a VHF-based instrument approach and landing are
unserviceable or not available, Airservices Australia will, if necessary, advise the non-availa-
bility of, or any revision to, special alternate minima by NOTAM.
EXAMPLE: All altitude information has been calculated for ISA conditions. Correction to altitudes/
heights shown on procedures must be made when the temperature at the QNH source (usually
the destination aerodrome) is less than ISA –15°. Correction can be added in accordance with the
charts shown below, as appropriate.
NOTE: The example shown is an aerodrome at 2000ft elevation reporting a surface temperature
of –9°C. The procedure IAF is at 5250ft (3250ft HAA) and DA at 2400ft (400ft DH). At 2000ft aero-
drome elevation, ISA –15° is –4°C, therefore a correction should be applied. The correction is: to
IAF, add 250ft; to DA add 30ft.
AUSTRALIA
Figure 1
ALTITUDE CORRECTION VERSUS TEMPERATURE
AUSTRALIA
Figure 2
ALTITUDE CORRECTION VERSUS TEMPERATURE

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PACIFIC

Issue Date 11 JAN 13

Countries covered in the E-AWM Pacific coverage are:

AUSTRALIA LAOS SOLOMON IS

CHART CHANGE NOTICES

NAVDATA CHANGE DATA

ENROUTE DATA - PACIFIC

ENROUTE DATA - CHINA

RADIO DATA - AUSTRALIA

RADIO DATA - AUSTRALASIA

RADIO DATA - FAR EAST

Navigation Aids — Vietnam.................................................................................................. 395

METEOROLOGY DATA - FAR EAST

TABLES AND CODES

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

Special Operations and Requirements................................................................................. 956

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - FAR EAST

Entry, Transit And Departure Of Cargo...............................................................................1224

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - FAR EAST

Search And Rescue............................................................................................................ 1420

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - PACIFIC

STATE RULES AND PROCEDURES - FAR EAST

AIRPORT DATA - AUSTRALIA

AIRPORT DATA - PACIFIC

AIRPORT DATA - FAR EAST

Chart Change Data

AUSTRALIA BORDERTOWN NDB (BOR) decmsnd. AU

VOR (VSN) 38 NM MEA 5000'. AS H/ 3A: (2100'-19,700' MSL) 3B: (GND-2100'

RUSSIA G583, KUDER coords chgd to N5349.0

KS21C W499 Moorabbin NDB (MB) - YMPC (S37 55.9

MANSFIELD NDB (MFD) decmsnd. AU TEMPORARY DANGER AREA LiDAR Charlie

UNDESIGNATED ATS ROUTE OHARA NCRP RJOO 10-1A, FE H/L-5/4BD, FE H/L-6/6BD,

62NM. Available when VT(D)-58 is activated. VIETNAM

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

YPDN. Sydney, New South Wales, (Kingsford Smith

NavData Change Data

FOR NavData BASE

FOR NavData BASE

ANDUKI NDB Anduki NDB - (AKI) coordinates

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Enroute Data - General

REMOTE GROUND STATIONS

AYQ Ayers Rock, Australia KWJ Gwangju, Republic of Korea

BDJ Banjarmasin, Indonesia LBU Labuan, Malaysia

BIK Biak, Indonesia LGH Leigh Creek, Australia

BPN Balikapapan, Indonesia LRE Long Reach, Australia

BRK Bourke, Australia MAA Madras, India

CBR Canberra, Australia MNL Manila (Ninoy Aquino Intl), Philippines

CGV Caiguna, Australia PDG Padang, Indonesia

CRK Angeles City (Clark Intl), Philippines PLM Palembang, Indonesia

DVO Davao, Philippines SFS Subic Bay, Philippines

REMOTE GROUND STATIONS

HAN Hanoi, Vietnam SUB Surabaya, Indonesia

HUN Hualien, Taiwan TAE Taegu, Republic of Korea

IKT Irkutsk, Russian Federation TGG Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

ISA Mont Isa, Australia TIS Thursday Island, Australia

KBR Kota Bharu, Malaysia TSV Townsville (Townsville Intl), Australia

KOE Kupang, Indonesia VTE Vientiane, Laos

Amami Hakodate Kansai Misawa Niigata Sendai Toyama

Asahikawa Hiroshima Komatsu Morioka-Hana- Oita Shimojishima Ube

Fukuoka Itami Kushiro Nagoya Osaka Takamatsu Yamagata