)оо8 S,lN]CnIS

+ l.8/ L8

9,SпэоJ
 рр. 4-5 Clothes and р. б Dynamic and р. 7 Friendship
accessories; fashion and style; state чеrьs Vocabulary: Relationsh ip
реrsопаlitу
Очiz: Style trial
@ phrases
Exam Focus: Тruе/Fаlsе
р. 15 Word list Рrопчпсiаtiоп Focus:
Numbers

рр. 18-19 Phrasal чеrЬs; р. 20 Nаrrаtiче р.21 Role models

collocations; people in sрогt tenses VосаЬчlаrу: Рhrаsаl чеrЬs
Reading: Sрогtiп g questions
@ Exam Fосчs: Note
р. 29 Word list completion
Pronunciation Focus:
Long vowel sounds

рр. 32-33 Noun phrases; р. 34 Present and р. З5 Different ho|iday

collocations; synonyms fоr trip past specuIation ехреriепсеs
Listening: Extreme jоurпеуs to
school
@ VосаЬчlаrу: Compound
поuпS
р. 43 Word list Exam Fосчs: Multiple choice
pronunciation Fосчs: wоrd
stress

рр.46-47 Fruit and р. 48 Fчturе forms р. 49 Diets

vegetables; describing food;
@ Vocabulary: Соl locations
collocations
Reading: Celebrity diets р. 123trщщ, Exam Fосчs: Matching
Pronunciation Fосчs:
р. 57 Word list vowel sounds

рр. 60-61 Рhrаsаl чеrЬs; р.62 Агtiсlеs: р. бЗ Есо school

collocations; wоrd fam ies
i l no агtiсlе, а/ап оr the Vocabulary: Compound
Q,uiz: Mysteries of the осеап
@ поuпs; епчirопmепt
р.71 Word list
р. 125trщщ, protection
Exam Focus: Multiple choice
pronunciation Fосчs: word
stress

рр.74-75 Рагts of the body; р.76 Second р.77 Charity events

injuries; body idioms Condition аl; wish/ VосаЬчlаry: Cha rity fund-
Reading: Excuses fоr missing if опlу гаisiпg
school
@ Exam Focus: Note completion
pronunciation Fосчs: vowel
р. 85 Word list
sounds

рр. 88-89 Епtегtаiпmепt; р. 90 Reported р. 91 Virаl videos

people in епtегtаiпmепt; Speech - statements; VосаЬчlаrу: Col locations
рhrаsаl чеrЬs rероrtiпg чеrЬs Exam Fосчs: Matching
pronunciation Fосчs: wоrd
Listening: Ап interview with
а уоuп9 регfоrmеr
@ families and wоrd stress
р. 99 Word list

рр. 102-103 Сrimе and р. 104 The Passive р. 105 А young ех-оffепdеr
criminals; people involved iп
а сrimе case; the justice system
@ VосаЬч!аrу: Рrisоп
Exam Focus: Multiple choice
Reading: UK сrimе trends pronunciation Focus: wоrd
р. 113 Word list stress

рр. 116-131 Video worksheets рр. 132-155 ýr*rзъжъ*r and Use of English rеfеrепсе and practice
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 clothes and accessories о fashion апd style
. personality
l сап describe people's реrsопаIiф, abilities
and clothes.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

1 Put the words in the Ьох чпdеr an appropriate heading.

[Ь"Н cheerful cotton determined hoodie leather'''|

sensitive slim suit wavy hair well-built
[зепsiЬlе )
Personality Арреаrапсе Clothes/Materials
bald

ýРЕАКlNý Add mоrе words under each heading. Use the words
to describe somebody you know well.
Magda is s/im with wavy hаjr. ShеЪ very determined.
She usua/ly wears .,.

1 People soy |'m trendy. !

2 l olwoys use hoir products (gel, hоirsрrоу, etc.) in the mоrпiпg. !
5 l get bored with my clothes quickly. f,
4 l love dressing up fоr porties. !
5 l don't mind where my clothes come from - ljust wont to ]ook good. !
6 l'd печеr shove my heod for chority. !
7 l believe thot wеоriпg moke-up is not only for wоmеп. !
8 |'m interested iп whot's in foshion ond whot's out of foshion. !
Yfil'R BEýt'tTý;
Yоч'rе о foshjonistol You're о роrtу onimol ond you like to Ье
the centre of ottention. You're trendy ond you core obout
уоur оррео]опсе but Ье corefulyou don't соmе qcrosý qs
shollow оr voin.

You might hove some trendy items iп уочr wоrdrоЬе, but iп

gепеrоl you go for о соsчql look rother thon о formol опе.
you're down-to-eorth ond hove о соrеfrее ottitude to clothes.
Thot's why you like procticol clothes like sportsweor. You feeI
comfortoble in your оwп skin, ond people like you becouse
уоч'rе еоsv-qоiпq ond уоч go with the flow.

Yоч'rе not interested iп following trends ond you tend to Ье о

little rеЬеlliочs. You're ogoinst'fost-foshion'* ond you believe
iп buying good-quolity clothes thot lost о long time. You like to
know where уочr clothes оrе mode, ond you don't mind poying
о bit mоrе for ethicol bronds.

*fost foshion
- inexpensive foshionoble clothes thot оrе sold fоr о short time опd then
reploced Ьу пеwеr collections.
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о} 8 fчоIS сuом ч!5а)чэ}чаs ачl аsп *ýЧfiНWffids 8

;sеше/r{d fi,ш rcам

uала / 'sашl;аu"tоS ,Ujчslеамs Jo 1"l,чs1 е рuв sбul66a1
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е
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U ц"q Jачlеаl
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о alueoq е п,*u,:;1,,Э;Ё:,Ц;
Г du1 бчrddочs е чо Лчеd аsпоч . }.l
l Bulppoм е le э}ер е Jo} MalлJa}ul ue lo1
I rеоэrslем е [ r,rtчsreaмs е
Jo} uo }е аэаац е
|

ltэtчэld е 1no 1qбlu е ашоч 1ооqэs re_J I sбч;66а1 ] ] sueo[ раре}

,sеэр! urno;nor( ! rаlэеf щlчар е [ uns lJep е f] asno;q е
рче Vt зUоIs GUом u!
Sачrоlэ
spJoм эчl эsп ,suo!}en}!s бчlмо;;о} ечr ч! Jearvr plnoм
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 4 Шts Read and listen to Jo's interview with Аппа.
Decide which of the underlined verb phrases are
Dynamic and state verbs state verbs and which are dynamic verbs.
f **яэ *яs* #уж*rrаr* *r;# *f*t*

H/W
у**"fus
**rr***dу" Hi! l'm rе_р9Цiп.9 оп festival fashion
fоr Hip magazine. l]ike уоur hat.
Thanks. ! dоц]t цs_цаl!у wеаr hats.
, : ' ,,l ,i
, lmagine уоч are going to а weekend music
I'
But itЪ rеаl|у hot, so !]lп" цlе"_аiпg
'' this baseball сар. to
i1 Ь_9[_9цg9_
festival in the sчmmеr. Discuss what you would wear.
my Ьгоthеr. [Je_ do,gsц|l ne.e_d it
because he isn't hеrе today. He]q
Шýý! Read and listen to Jo Mack and answer the
questions. 1evis[ng fоr his exams!
Oh, thаtЪ а shame.
1 Who does she wогk fоr? 3 What is she doing thеrе? No, itЪ ОК. Му Ьцg_t[е:r, hq_tes festivals.
2 Whеrе is she now? Не p_refgr_s listening to music at home.
I l_gally wацt to see Kings of Leon - [ ]i9tе_ц to their
music all the time!

5 ýИ Complete JоЪ interview with Tom with the

correct Present Simple or Present Сопtiпчочs form
of the verbs iп brackets. Тhеп listen and check.

Jo: Hi! l'm rерогiiпg оп festival fashion

fоr Hlp magazine .1Аrе уоч
епjоуi п g (you/enjoy) the festiva l?
Yes, l '_(have)
а rеаllу good time.

Jo: Hi! l'm Jo Mack and as а fashion editor fоr Hip

l
Jo: |
'_ (love) your T-shiп.
"ч,**riс Tom: Oh, thanks! ltЪ my festival Т-shiгt!
Jo: Oh, it О_
magazine. l th}nk l must have the best job in the world
(|ook) great.
But why u_
because today l'ffi ьug*rkiг:g at the Coachella music
(уоulwеаr)
festival in Саlifоrпiа. The question l'я"tз ;зskяr:g is'What is
jeans? ltЪ so hot!
the "Festival Look" this уеаr?'. Теп thousand people *r*
Tom: Му legs аrе vеry skinny and so
iiяч*пi:зg to music hеrе and l Ь*li*ъ:* the tеmреrаturе is
|
О_ (печеr/wеаr) shorts, ечеп in summеr.
lп fact, l 7_
З2". l kпсзw Radiohead аrе on lаtеr and l rеаllу w*пt to
(not have) any shогts!
watch them, but right now l'r* *р**kiг,лg to people about
what thеу'r* иr**rв*g and why.
Jo: So which bands'_ _ (you/want) to see
today?

3 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and look at the verbs

Tom: l '_ (like) Fоо Fighters, but

iп blue in Exercise 2. which verbs describe ап action

|
'О_ (not know) when thеу'rе on.
|
"-- (look) fоr а festival рrоgrаmmе.
and which describe а state? Jo: l have опе hеrе - оh, they'r_ (play) поw.
Tom: Oh right - thanks! See you.

ffiужвrтз{* *п* *t*t* vфrhs Look at JоЪ interview with Tom again. Find two
* Most чеrЬs have dynamic meanings. They dеsсriЬе
verbs with both dynamic and stative meanings and
explain the differences in meaning.
actions: something 'happens', You сап use them with
simple оr continuous forms. Write true sentences аЬочt yourself with the
/ vъu*g,fu as а fashion editor fоr Hip magazine, affirmative or negative form of the verbs iп Ыackets
Today /'рж ъqrрrkfrэg at the Coache//a music festival. in an appropriate present tense.
* Some чеrЬs have stative meanings. They describe 1 l_ (need) а new раir of trаiпеrs.
states: nothing 'happens'. Yоu саппоt use them with 2 l_ (wеаr) my favourite Т-shiгt today.
continuous fоrms. 3 |_ (buy) all my clothes опliпе.
/ *э*$Ё*v* the temperature is З2". (NOT {lт+ehevrng) 4l_(like) shopping.
Note: 5 l_ (think) most clothes аrе too expensive.

А few чеrЬs (e.g. think, have, /ook) have both dynamic 6 l_ (think) of qoinq shoppinq lаtеr.

and stative meanings. The meanings аrе different: 8 l i.i "]'.i, , Ask each other questions based оп the
, |:

/ *$эfrзfq / must haye the best job iп the wоrld.

sentences in Exercise 7.
(think : Ье/iече -*,stative)
Da you need а пеw раir of trаiпеrs?
/'ятз *ёэfrзkfrзр about gоiпg to see them.
(think : consider "* dynamic)

6
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adjectives in WORD STORE 'IE.
Note comp|etion
l сап identify key information iп ап
extended article.
l'm going оп а cycling weekend. As ап experienced
cyclist, what do you think l should wеаr?
choose а word from each Ьох to describe the clothes
уоч сап see iп the photos.
.'|
[blu" whit| + ['cotton leathe| д |'1..K"t Jeans Hi Sam,

[black)[_denim)[ъsbirt )
I

Lucky you! Take at least two 1

shirts оr T-shirts and suntan lotion fоr уоur

ýРЖ&il{ttЧý Do уоч wear апу of the clothes iп the аrms. Yоu need а раir of 2 shorts
photos? Why?/Why not?
- cycling damages shorts quickly, so invest in
Iwearjeans a/most еvеry day. Тhеу'rе comfortab/e and... good ones. Lots of people wеаr black ones but
печеr wеаr /eather, because I'm а чеgап.
/
l рrеfеr'_ shorts and T-shirts so
Guess the answers to questions 1-5 below. Тhеп read that саr drivers сап see you! А wаrm jacket
the article and check уочr ideas. - something that wi[[ keep you wаrm in the
1 Why is а Т-shiгt called а T-shiП? evening. А rаiп jacket thаtЪ made from
2 Which was the first profession to wеаr lеаthеr jackets? fаЬriс. There's some amazing
3 How is the рhrаsе 'blue jeans' connected to Frапсе? technology out thеrе in new
4 When did young people stагt wеаriпg jeans as fashion
fabrics fоr sports clothes. Oh, and don't forget
items?
5 Why аrе these clothes still рорulаr with уоuп9 people? уоur sung[asses! Have fun.

How do you say these compound adiectives iп

уочr language? How many of them сап уоч чsе
Read the article again. Complete the sentences with to describe clothes iп your wardrobe?
опе or two words from the article.
1 Очеr '100 years а9о _ was made of wool. 10 ýРЕДКlЖG Look at the photo and discuss the
2 The first leather jacket with а zip was created iп questions:
iп the united states. 1 Do you оr апуопе in уоur family оwп а hoodie?
3 _ , such as James Dean, made T-shirts and 2 When and why do you wеаr it?
lеаthеr jackets mоrе рорulаr. з what is the link between the hoodie and:
4 Up until the 1970s, Т-shiгts wеrе mainly for Аmеriсап footballers?
5 Jeans аrе made of _, а type of cotton. Break-dancers?
6 Jeans used to Ье in schools. Grаffiti artists?
Skate-boarders?
А high-profile social media boss?
Look at the strategies which can help you guess
the mеапiпg of unknown words. Then discuss the
meaning of the words in Ьlче iп the text.
1 lt looks like а word in mу language.
2 lt looks like а mеmЬеr of а wоrd family l know.
З lt is made up of words l understand.
4 Тhе context сап give me clues.
шwп Match the words iп Ьlче in the text with the
definitions. Тhеп listen, check and repeat.
'l а style wоrп Ьу both mеп and women = unisex
2 items of clothing : _
3 recognised Ьу everyone : 11 rilrI| Listen to а podcast called History of
4 а person who makes clothes : Streetwear: the Hoodie and check your ideas
5 clothing уоu wеаr next to уоur skin = to question 3 iп Exercise 'l0. Do you think the
6 material that clothes аге made of = hoodie is поw ап 'iсоп of fashion'?
-
WORD STORE 1Е Compound adjectives 12 SРffiАt{fiРdffi WhаtЪ the oldest item of clothing ln
уочr wardrobe? Tell уочr partner its 'history'.
7 (Щl Complete WORD STORE 1Е with the
/ hауе а vintage coat. Му grапdmоthеr used to
underlined words in the article. Тhеп listen, check and
wеаr it whеп she was уоuпgеr ...
repeat.
8
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 Complete the dialogue between the Manager (М),
а guest (G) and the gчеstЪ son Jack (J). Use the
#-ffi present perfect continuous.
М: l'm sоrry, the museum is rеа|lу busy today. How
long '_ (wait)?
G: ltЪ ОК. We'_ (not wait) long. We З

(stand) in this quеuе fоr about twenty minutes.

М: Right, We|l, l'll iпtrоduсе you to Непri, оur сurаtоr.
1 ]il:ji:llr\iцt,{lЧ{"ii Look at the different versions of the
Не О_ (work) hеrе for очеr twenty уеаrs.
Mona Lisa and discuss the questions.
G: Thanks. Му son, Jack, is very excited. Не 5
1 Which чеrsiоп do you like best? Why? (lеаrп) about Lеопагdо da Vinci at school.
2 What do you know about the original painting? М: Well, l'm sure Henri can апswеr any questions. Не

J: Еr _ HoW |Ji;!'n"n 'n" Ж:ir:lтж1#;ii

the Louvre?

5 Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect

Simple or Continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
Тhеп add а time expression to make them true for you.
1 l 'уе had (hаче) the same соmрutеr fоr З years
2 Read about the real Мопа Lisa. Why does the curator 2 l _(study) English since
think the Мопа Lisa is smiling? 3 l_ (listen) to the same music since
4 l _(9о) to the same hаirdrеssеrЪ for
STOP ASKING SILLY QUESTIONS 5 l_ (know) mу oldest friend since
Му паmе is Henri Dubois. I'че Ьееrl rv*rking ъ 6 l_ (sit) in this chair since
at the Lоuчrе Мusеum in Paris for twenty-one
years and I'че been looНng after the Мопа Lisa 6 i; .l i|']:|.i| . Write questions for the sentences in
for пеаrlу ten. So, for the past ten уеаrs I've been Exercise 5 beginning with How lопg have you ...?
s watching people's faces when they first see the Тhеп ask your раrtпеr.
Mona Lisa. Тhеrе's something very special about How lопg have you had the same соmрчtеr?
that painting. I've also Ьееп answering the same questions over
and очеr again. They ask mе, 'How long has she been hanging in REMEMBER THlS
the Louvre?'I always say the Mona Lisa has been in the Lоuчrе
,t*
since 1804. But it isn't quite true. The Mona Lisa hasn't been , You use the Present Perfect Simple to talk about finished
hanging in the Louvre since then because someone stole it in l actions in time 'up-to-now'. You can say'how mапу' but
1911. Fortunately the painting was returned two years later. not'When'.
The оthеr questions аrе impossible to answer. They ask mе: ', Рiоtr has yisited the Louyre seyen times. Не has visited
'Who was she? Why is she smiling?'Why? Because she's been twenty-seven other m useums.
tg listening to people's silly questions for очеr two hundred years!
Stop asking questions and look at the painting - it's beautiful! 7 Choose the most appropriate Present Perfect form.
Which sentences are trче for you?
3 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Тhеп underline six
1 l've sееп / /'че been seeing the Mona Lisa twice.
more examples of the Present Perfect Continuous in
2 Му mum has bought / has Ьееп buying а new саr.
the text.
З /tЗ snowed / lt's Ьееп snowing since yesterday,
4 l've lеаrпt / l've Ьееп lеаrпiпg the piano for уеагs.
5 We have пеvеr been going / hаvе пеvеr Ьееп аЬrоаd.
Рr*к*rtt P*H,f**t **nti r* ж*л*g 6 l hayen't eaten / hаvеп't Ьееп eating lunch yet.
you use the present perfect contlnuous to ta[k about
unfinished actions that stагtеd in the past and continue iп
8 ,i]]:]._iiii'ii'''.,:,
Write questions iп the Present Perfect
Simple оr Сопtiпчочs. Begin the questions with How
time 'up-to-now'. Use for оr since to say how long.
lопg ...? or How mапу...? Ask уочr partner.
/'v* fu*е*з w*rký*g hеrе $*я, twепtу-опе уеаrs.
1 messages / rесеiче / today?
Present Perfect Continuousz has/have + been + -iпg form
2 wеаr / the same watch?
/'у* fu*gяз w*r&i*g. 3 hаче / the ýame bag?
Не fз*srrt fuе*л w*зrfufrтg.
4 foreign countries / visit?
5 books / rеаd / in the past thrее months?
ffBy* you fu*** w**-fufr*g?
Yes, / $эеу*./Nо, / fэ*н*rт't.
Abes*t *ý*the*
Note: State verbs (Ье, have, know, etc.) do not take the
continuous fоrm, m Watch the Focus Vlog. Fоr the worksheet, 9о to
Тhе Мопа Lisa fз*g fu*еп iп the Lочvrе since 1804. page 1'l7.
(NOT Даs+еел+е,+пg . . .)

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 ffiРffi.еЖýýЧt-{# Discuss whether уоч think you
would get оп well with Claire. Give reasons
Describing а реrsоп for your answers.
l сап write а perýonal email to describe
Complete the WRITING FOCUS with the
а реr5оп.
words in purple in the message in Exercise 3.

$ii}[I-р*Еh,{frfuЁ{,]] Look at уочr раrtпеr for tеп seconds. Тhеп close

Describing а person
уочr eyes and describe their appearance and clothing in as
mчсh detail as уоч сап. . Give first impressions
The first thing you поtiсе about hеr is that she
Below, Maggie describes hеr friend Claire. Before you read, /ooks older than she is.
make а list of the things you think she might include. о Mention age
а9е, hair (length and со/оur), interests ... НеЪ (about) mу/уочr/1 оur age.

Now read МаggiеЪ message and see which things on your

He's in his teens/2 /mid-/late
twenties.
list in Exercise 2 she mentioned.
о Describe personality and interests
Не3 а very easy-going/interesting, etc. реrsоп.
She has а great sense of humоur.
Hi Dominic, Sheb the sоп/tуре/kiпd of person 3
always rеmеmЬеr; уоur ЬiПhdауllочеs kids.
Zаrа told me you аrе looking for а new singer fоr уоur band. ls that
She'd а grеаt teacher/doctor/
right? lf so, l think my friend might Ье perfect. friепd,
Неr паmеЪ Сlаirе. The first thing уоu notice about hеr is that she He's'_ m u si с/ f ash i оп/ skatebo а rd i п g,
s looks а little older than she is. ShеЪ очr а8е, but she [ooks [ike о Describe hair; eyes, skin and face
shеЪ аlrеаdу in hеr еаrlу twenties. ShеЪ vеrу easy-going and Не3 got cool, shоф o_hair.
l think she has а grеаt sense of humоur - we get оп rеа[[у wet[. ShеЪ got beautiful, lопg,'_, Ьlопd
hair.
ShеЪ also а very creative реrsоп and а fantastic singer. She p[ays
She3 got а kind/friendly/unusual smile/face.
the piano and writes her own songs and has even made а video to
о Mention height/build
1о gо with опе of them. ShеЪ into а[[ sorts of music, frоm c[assical to
ShеЗ shоп/8 /tall.
rар and l think shеЪ the k]nd of реrsоп who is open to new ideas.
Н e's fаirlу wеll-Ьчi lt/g
l think she d make а great singer fоr the band.
о Mention clothes
ShеЪ also very Рrеttу;-). She's about medium height and slim, and She'o_ casually/ smаПlу/ well/
shеЪ got [ong, straight, dark hair. She dresses fashionably, though iп black.
ts usually in black. l think she looks kind of punky but in а good way. Не always wears саsuаl/ smart/ scruffy/
fа shi оп abl е/ styl i sh c/othes.
Оп the negative side, she isn't exact[y punctual and she can Ье
а little moody at times. she tends to яеt upset if you criticise hеr.
But hey, shеЪ а сrеаtiче! Complete the description with the words in
the WR|TING FOCUS. Do you know anybody
Watch her video (attached) and let mе know what you think.
like Martin? Tell уочr partner.
Love Maggie х Му friend Магtiп is the '_ of реrsоп
who сап аrguе about anything. Не always
smагtlу and hеЪ а чеry
interesting '_ . But hеЪ not always
serious. Неъ а music and dancing,
and he has а grеаt u_ of humочr.
НеЪ'_ age, but he looks оldеr.
НеЪ got shоrt 7. and а friendly
8
. l think he'd'_
а good politician.

Dоmiпiс is поt опliпе at the mоmепt.

уоur message пехt time Dоmiпiс logs iп,
We'!! deliver

12
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 Describing а photo

Look at the adjective order key and put the clothes

descriptions 1-5 in the right оrdеr. ls anybody in the
class wearing one of these items?

Opinion Size/ Colour/ Material Make/

Age Pattern Туре
big old Ьrоwп flying jacket

1 trаiпеrs / Nike / New

2 А / cotton / shiгt / раttеrпеd
3 jeans / blue / Fashionable / skinny
4 lеаthег / high-heeled / Black / boots
5 A/striped/jumpeг /big/ woollen 5 ýýW Read the SPEAK|NG FOCUS and comptete
the description of photo А with one word in each
Take it in turns to describe clothes in the gap. Тhеп listen again and check.
class. Use at least two adjectives to describe each The photo '_ а man and а woman shopping
item. Guess who уочr partner is describing. tоgеthеr, ltЪ '_ to say exactly how old they аrе,
Look at photo А. Can you use any of the adjectives in Ьutlз thеу'ге in their twenties, and they're
Exercise 1 to describe the clothes?
4
а couple. The mапЪ wеаriпg а rеd top and
grеу jeans. The woman is sitting оп а white chair and
4 W How would you describe the situation in she 5 Ьоrеd. On the flооr, 6 to hеr
photo А? Think of two adjectives to describe how the сhаir, thеrе аrе sеvеrаl shopping bags. l'm not
woman is feeling. Тhеп listen and check уочr ideas. whаtЪ in them, but l think thеу'rе рrоЬаЬlу
clothes, and l '_ they've been shopping fоr
а few hоurs аlrеаdу.
ltЪ hаrd to 9_ out exactly what kind of shop
they аrе in, but it 'О_ to Ье а mепЪ clothes
The photo shows... shop. lt looks as 11_ thеу'rе пеаr the changing
ln this photo, lсап see.../there is.../there аrе... rооms because thеrеъ а white сurtаiп in the
"_. The mап is holding up а shiгt оr а раir of
trоusеrs. Не looks "_ if hеЪ thinking about
in the background/in the middle/in the fоrеgrоuпd trуiпg it оп. l "_ think the woman looks чеrу
оп the left/on the right interested. 'u_ , l think she wants to go to
in frопt oflbehind/next to а wоmепЪ clothes shop.

Look at photo В. Then follow the

ltЪ hаrd to say/make out ..., but ... instructions below to talk about it. Use the phrases
|'m not surе ..., but ... in the SPEAKING FOCUS to help you.
. Say what the photo shows.
.
],]l

He/She/lt looks ... Speculate about the people and the situation.
He/She/lt looks as iflas though/like ...
. Take it in turпs to describe the photo to уоur рагtпеr.

lt seems to Ье .../Реrhарs itЪ .../МауЬе itЪ ... Ask and answer three more questions
l ima9ine thеу'rе .../Тhеу'rе рrоЬаЬlу ... based оп photos А and В.
1 How often do you go shopping?
l (don't) think .../l рrеfеr .../Реrsопаllу, .../lп my opinion ...
2 Who do you usually go with? Why?
З What аrе уоur favourite оr least favourite shops?
Why?

14
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1 Complete the sentences with the words iп the Ьох. 5 Choose the correct answer, А, В or С.
There are two extra words.
r\ 'l Х: а new Ъshirt in this photo?
I
carefree centre denim faded Y
lt's not new. lt's my dad's old Т-shiгt from the 80s.
l rebellious skin vain vintage А
Do you wear В Аrе you wеаriпg С Have you wоrп
I

L) l

2 Х: Did you make the jacket уоu'rе wеаriпg?

1 l like to wеаr а _ jacket with jeans Y l didl l'm usually at making clothes
because they аrе both Ьluе. but this project was pretty successful.
2 Kelly found some amazing sung|asses А hope В hopeless С success
at а charity shop - l think they wеrе made in the 1960s. 3 Х: What have you Ьееп doing?
з Воь tends to Ье а little - hе сап't stand Y Nothing special. l _ ап email to Lucy to
сurrепt fashions and wеаrs anything just to ask hеr about our рrоjесt. l hope she rерliеs soon.
ье different. А 'm writing В've written C've been writing
4 | feel соmfогtаЬlе in mу own and don't 4 Х: Sаrаh looks ridiculous in those tight jeans!
wоrry too much about my арреаrапсе. y you know, l don't think itъ to make
5 Jill comes асrоss as rеlахеd and _, but rudе comments about реорlеЪ арреаrапсе.
l know that she wоrriеs about things all the time. А achievable В accept С acceptable
Read the definitions in brackets and complete the 5 Х: Can you have а look at this picture?

words. The first letter of each word is given.

Y Well, l'm not sure either.
А l can't make out what it shows.
1 l didn't mеап to f_ (haye ап аrgumепt
В l don't think it is very interesting.
with) out with Kelly, but now she won't speak to me.
С lt looks as though you could help me.
2 This g_ (item of clothing) is so practical
that you сап wеаr it as а top, а dress оr а skiгt. 6 Read the text and choose the соrrесt answer, А, В
З Some of the most с_ (/atest and most or С.
аdчапсеф fashions come out of Japan, whеrе they
аrе not afraid to experiment with forms and materials.
4 When it comes to clothes, teenagers usually go with Fashion апd the Нumап Fогm
the f_ (follow what оthеr реор/е do).
ln ечеrу регiоd throughout history thеrе have been
5 Jane twisted hеr ankle because she is not used to
specific ideas of what the реrfесt human body should look
running in high h_ (wоmепЪ shoes whiсh
like. Different body types have gone '_ and
аrе highеr iп the back than the front).
out of fashion just like clothes and hairstyles, and these
Complete the sentences with the Present Simple or ideals led to the '_ of fashions. The ancient
present continuous form of the verbs in Ыackets.
Greeks, who admired slim, athletic bodies, went fоr
'l Why (you/look) at me like that? ls thеrе а casual look, with soft 3 and comfortable
something wrong with my hаir? shapes. lп Britain, the Elizabethans рrеfеrrеd women's
2 Pam always (listen) саrеfullу to hеr clothes which forced thеir bodies into totally unnatural
friends' advice, but she пеvеr does what they suggest. shapes, causing а lot of discomfort, Duriпg the еаrlу
3 l_ (think) аЬоut having а talk with Jack
]9th сепturу, Еurореапs believed that the Grееk look
about his rude Ьеhачiоur.
was the best, and women's c|othes became much mоге
4 Stuагt (look) very smаrt in his new
comfortab|e, but this did not last. The Victorians thought
woollen suit and black leather shoes.
5 Jane, (believe) that people should that а чеrу small waist made women attractive, and
always Ье kind to each other? women wore such tight garments they sometimes caused
actual injuries, Nowadays, some of the most
Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect deslgners make clothes that fit all shapes
Simple оr Present Perfect Continuous form of the and sizes. But judging Ьу all the diet plans, ехеrсisе
verbs in brackets.
рrоgгаmmеs and plastic surgеrу рrосеdurеs that аrе
1 Оur uпс|е is оп holiday and we _ (look) available, it seems that things 5_ much up
after his dog since Monday. to now.
2 Tim (have) the same school uniform fоr
two years and itЪ а bit small поw.
3 Му sister (make) hеr own clothes since 1Aon Вiп Cat
she was а tеепаgеr. 2 Acreated Bcreative с creation
4 Gillian (wоrk) as а model once оr twice, З Afabrics Bskins С suits
but she doesn't want to do it as а саrееr. 4 Asuccess Bsucceeded с successful
5 Helen is very busy at university but she 5 А haven't changed В didn't change
(not lose) touch with hеr friends. С haven't Ьееп changing

16
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 ýport . рhrаsаl vеrЬs . соllосаtiопs
. people iп sроrt
l сап talk about sports.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

1 Add the verb do, go or play to each list of sports/forms of
exercise.
1-Ьаdminton,bаsketbаll,iсehockey,tаЬletennis,
volleyball, Аmеriсап football
2 kayaking, cycling, rowing, sailin9, skatin9, skiin9
J aerobics, athletics, boxing, judo, karate, уо9а

Add апу other sports you know to the lists. Then

discuss the questions.
'lWhat other sрогts do you do, 9о, play (оr watch)?
2 Which sрогts do you do on а соuгt, а соursе, а pitch, а rink, а trасk
оr in а riпg?
З Which аге individual sрогts and which аrе team sрогts?
4 What do you call the people who do these sрогts?
basketba/I* basketball рlауеr сусliпg - cyclist
ath/etics - athlete
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 4 Choose the best ending for еасh sentence. Compare
with а partner.
Narrative tenses 1 Tom couldn't play because
ý g*rз des*rffue *
р*st *v*g}* *х*ý*зg týэ* а he had forgotten his trainers.
ff*s* ýfяззрý*, Рgrýg*t *яз# ***э8ýsз*l*g"gs- Ь he forgot his trаiпеrs.
2 Jefl broke his leg when
а he skied. Ь he was skiing.
1 Read Rчппiпg Wild. Answer the questions. з The rеfеrее blew his whistle and
а the 9ame stагtеd. Ь the 9ame was starting.
1 Had Сhris Stеwагt ruп in Аfriса Ьеfоrе?
4 Sue and Jenny wеrе excited because
2 Why wasn't he running very fast? а they hadn't been to а football match Ьеfоrе.
3 Why did а local ruппеr очегtаkе him at high speed? Ь they didn't go to а football match Ьеfоrе.
5 lt was snowing when
а the marathon had begun. Ь the marathon Ьеgап.
6 Paula was leading the cycle гасе when
а she fell off hеr bike. Ь she had fallen off hеr bike.
5 r'ýЕýFr Read Lurky Break and choose the соrrесt
verb form. Then listen and check.

RUNNlNG ýиI LD
Chris Stewart and tоио other British аtВзý*tеs ýt-,*rё
**mреtiпg in а 2O-kilometre rасе in Kenya. They hadn't
**mp*t*d in Africa before, but tiзris Ь*li*rr*d that it was
important to save епеrgу on а long-distance rасе so }х*
ýf&ýrъit r*rtпýrэg very fast. After three kilometres, h* чевs
l*аdir*g whеп suddenly, а ý*са! rý*ýз*r *v*rt**ýq him at high
speed. Н* *<rз*чу h js rival would get tired later in the rасе so
he dida,l'tsp*ed r:p - butthen h* I**Ec*{ý r*uпd апd sаъv ln 1956, gоаlkеереr ВегtТгаutmапп '@@l had ptayed
that а ýаrgе rhiп*с**"*Е &заd **-ash*d th;-*шgh the trees next fоr [Vlапсhеstег City in his first FА Cup final when he 2dived l
to the road and it. ъч*g *h*sýng after them was diving fоr the ball in the 75th minute. Не Зиzаs kпоwiпg l
kпеw that he аhurt l had hurt himself but he ъwas саrryiпg оп l
2 Look at the чеrЬ phrases in blue in the text. Рчt саrriеd оп playing. Не бhelped l had helped his team to beat
them iп the correct category below. Вirmiпghаm City З-1. Не then 7had gопе l went to hospital
о past simple: chris be/ieyed where the dосtоrs couldn't believe he 8had Ьееп / rлzаs still
о past continuous: athletes wеrе competinq alive. Не 9иzаs Ьrеаkiпg l had Ьrоkеп his neck!
о past Реrfесt: They hadn't competed
6 Write questions about Lucky Break using the correct
3 Read the GRAMMAR FОСUS and complete it with tense.
the паmе of the appropriate tense. 1 Who / win / the 1956 FА Cup fina| and what / Ье /
the sсоrе?
Who wоп the 1956 FА Cup fiпаl апd what was the score?
Ngrr*týrr* tеrззgs 2 Trautmann / ечеr play / in ап FА Cup final before?
* you use the 1past continuous to set the scene. 3 What position / Тrаutmапп / play / when he got injured?
4 How / Тrаutmапп / huгt himself?
... athletes wаý-Ф **лзреtlятg in а 2)-kilоmеtrе rасе iп
5 Trautmann / stay / on the pitch fоr the whole game?
Кепуа.
6 Why / doctors / think / Тrаutmапп was lucky?
* You use the 2 to describe the main events
of а story. ,. ,i,'- ,i: l" ...] Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 6.
Не dýdrз'f sp*e# с,ар - but then he f**fu*d r**"gатd and
.iiii,,. You are going to tell your partner а
;l1l!,: |.':,
sýW ...
story. Choose option А or option В. Think about
You often use the Past Continuous with the Past SimpIe what to say and how to say it. Тhеп telI the story.
- usually when а shогt action (Past Simple) interrupted Option А: Think of ап exciting sрогts event you've seen
а lопgеr unfinished action (Past Continuous).
оr ап exciting game you've played in.
Не жяеs f**dЁяъg when suddenly, а local ruппеr *уеg,***ýя
Option В: Choose one of the truе stories in this lesson.
him.
Close уоur book.
You use the З_ to make it сlеаr that опе l'll печеr forget the time l scored the wiппiпg goal {оr
past action happened Ьеfоrе апоthеr past action.
оur sсhоаl team. lЛlе wеrе рlауiпg iп the fiпа! of ,..
Не saw that а large rhinoceros &ad sr*sfu*d t$зr*жg*з the
trees.

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 Gapped text
l can identi{y key fпfоrmаtiоп iп ап
extended аЁiсlе. ;,, о Wimbtedon is the wог[d's o[dest tеппis ltоurпаmепt,
estab[ished in 1877.
. Wimbledon is а 2
in southwest Lопdоп.

:,liu*;i-iit;i',jч:], Complete UK тоDдY with the words in . lt is the оп[у Grапd S[am played оп 3

the Ьох. Then discuss the questions. . Р[ауегs must wеаг mostly clothes.
{\ ,,,
' Тhеге аге 674 5

Ichampions district grass matches

,.||.

white
i
:.] о 6
itочЕпа{ч€я+ i
\J
'l What other tennis tournaments do you know?
2 How many tennis рlауеrs сап you паmе in 60 seconds? 5 SРРТ Match the expressions in the Ьох with the
3 What аге the rules of tennis - how do you sсоrе? definitions. Use the phrases in blue in the text to help
you. Тhеп listen and repeat.
Match the sportspeople with the rituals. r\
1 Sidney СrоsЬу (Canada, ice hockey) the point of по rеturп repeat а sеqчепсе i
П I
the first/last step а decisive moment
2 Stephanie Rice (Australia, swimming) С I
I do the same thing over give sb реасе of mind
I

3 Cristiano Ronaldo (Рогtugаl, football) 3

Lаurа Кеппу (UK, cycling)
!

4 П t@iп€ the first/]ast phase 1

5 Rafael Nadal (Spain, tennis) П 'l sth diffeгent frоm what уоu поrmаllу do : а break
а always waits пеаr the net to let the opponent rеасh frоm уочr rочtiпе
his/hеr chair first. 2 ап imрогtапt point in time =
Ь steps on а wet towel while wеаriпg сlеап socks з the first/last stage in а рrосеss =
before а rасе 4 the firsylast action in а series of actions :
с swings his/hеr arms eight times, splashes his/her 5 make sb feel calm =
body with wаtеr fоur times and then presses his/her 6 the moment when you can no lопgеr сhапgе
goggles into his/her face fоur times. anything :
d steps onto the pitch with his/her right foot first 7 rереаt опе action =
е has used the same stick fоr уеаrs 8 do а series of actions again :
Read the note about Rafael Nadal and then read
ап extract from his autobiography. Answer the and write уочr own sentences. Discuss how important
questions. rituals and routines аrе in your Iife.
1 What аrе the five steps in NаdаlЪ final рrераrаtiопs
fоr the match? WORD STORE 2Е word families
2 Which Wimbledon гulе upsets NаdаlЪ rituals? ?тIЕгЛ Complete WORD STORE 2Е with the correct
3 How often does Nadal driпk frоm his wаtеr bottle? form of the underlined words in the text. Mark the
4 How imрогtапt аrе his family to Nadal at stress in the new words. Тhеп listen, check and
а tоuгпаmепt like wimbledon? repeat.
5 Why doesn't Nadal smile during the match?
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
words iп WORD STORE 2Е. Which sentences аrе true
for you? Соmраrе with а partner.
4 Read the text again. Complete gaps 1-3 with 1 l'm not а реrsоп. (superstition)
sentences А-Е. There are two extra sentences. 2 l find it difficult to show when people
А We shook hands, exchanged the faintest of smiles, criticise mе. (resilient)
and then each pretended the оthеr wasn't thеrе. 3 l know swimming is good fоr me, but l find it boring
В Some call it superstition, but itЪ not. lf it wеrе and _ . (rереаt)
superstition, why would l keep doing the same 4 l'm surе that leaving school will Ье а
thing очеr whether l win оr lose? moment in my life. (decide)
С ltЪ апоthеr mапоеuчrе that requires no thought, 5 l don't lead а vеry _ |ife. l'm quite |azy and
but l do it slowly, carefully, tying it tightly and very don't like sрогts. (action)
deliberately behind the back of my head.
А: /'m definitely not а superstitious реrsоп . What about
D At one o'clock, with an hоur to go before the stагt of
yau?
play, we went back down to the lосkеr rооm,
Е ltЪ рагt of Wimbledon рrоtосоl оп Fiпаl Day. В: Oh, l'm чеrу superstitio us * еvеrуЬоdу iп mу family is.
lt doesn't happen апуwhеrе else.

22
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 3 бIЕr Complete the text with the correct чеrь
pattern using the words in brackets. Then listen and
VеrЬ patterns check.
ý s*rе eJý* * rёýgё of yerb раttеrпs.
Wýжх*жýýж**ý*ах
Before ап important event, l advise 1athletes to yisit (athletes/
visit) the stadium. This allows 2_ (them/visualise) the
day of the competition. They сап З_ (imagine) the smells
1 What does а sports psychoIogist do? Read the text
and the sounds in the stadium, and they imagine n_
and find out.
(win) the competition. Then, when the day of the competition
arrives, they try u_ (recreate) the success they imagined.
wжýжж fuýжж & wýжжжж
Р*gýtýwе týхýжkýmg
l епсочrаgе 6_ (athletes/talk) to themselves before
а big race. l force '_(them/concentrate) оп the times
when they won. They need "_ (stay) in the present and
tellthe negative voice in their head to stop'_ (talk).
ý Good athletes want 'О_ (win), but top athletes expect

"_ (win). That's positive thinking!

чI Ж*ýажж*ýgжъ
I Ечеп top athletes can't heIp "_ (feeI) nervous,
especially when they find themselves standing next to last
''._i
year's champion! l let '"_ (them/talk) to mе about their
l'm а sports psychologist. l work with top athletes and
worries, but оп the day of the competition, negative thoughts
l hеlр thежз t* рrераrе for important competitions. Of
are not allowed! lt's а simpIe fact that if they manage 14_
course, they пе*d tB рr*р*rе physically: they ghsu|d
get plenty of sleep, remember to drink lots of fluids and (control) their пеrчеs, they tend 'u_ (do) better. Winning -
it's all in the mind!
avoid drinking alcohol. That's the easy part! But after
they've *репt tiппе prвpariBrg their body, l tTake thеm
rеlах and рrераrе the mind. l focus оп three areas:
4 List some sports that you like watching оr doing. ln

visualisation, positive thinking and relaxation. уочr opinion, which sports need mоrе mental and
which опеs mоrе physical preparation?

2 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Complete the 5 write а second sentence so that it has а similar
examples with the phrases in blue in the text. meaning to the first. Use the words in brackets.
Which sentences аrе true for you?
1 l'm huppy to lend money to my friends. (don't mind)
l don't miпd lепdiпg mопеу to mу friепds.
VеrЬ раtt*rпs 2 l don't have enough mопеу to buy пеw trаiпеrs.
n verb + to infinitive (can't аffоrd)
Of course , they пееd 1 to рrераrе physically. 3 | would like to lеаrп how to skate one day. (hope)
Examples; аim, аrrапgе, attempt, can't аffоrd, decide, 4 Му uпсlе showed me how to swim. (teach)
expect, hоре, iпtепd, mапаgеI оffеr, рlап, refuse, 5 l don't want to take up jogging. (not intend)
rеmеmЬе, sееrп, tend, try, wапt 6 Му раrепts won't allow me to stay out all night with
. чеrЬ + object + to infinitive
my friends. (let)

thеrя 2
/ fu*fB fоr m ро rtant competitions.
i Complete the sentences to make them true for you.
Examples: advise, allow, епсоurаgе , fоrсе, rеmiпd, write four trче sentences and опе false опе.
teach, urgе, wаrп (поt) 1 l can't stand ..,
о verb + -iпg l сап't stand watching sроrt ап W.
But afterthey've sрелЁ tлrпс З
their body, l ... 2 l enjoyed ...
Examples: avoid, сап't help, сап't stand, dоп't miпd, З l wasted а lot of time ...
епjоу, fапсу, finish, imаgiпе, keep, miss. stop, waste time 4 l spend а lot of time ...
5 l've refused ...
modal verb + infinitive without to
... they sЁlоиld О_рlепtу of s/eep ... 7 :;i|i}trдt?;iТl,{lз Read уочr sentences. Guess which of
Examples: сап, could, might, shou/d, would your раrtпеrЪ sentences is false.
verb + object + infinitive without to
/maf<e them'_ апd рrераrе the miпd.
Examples: make, /et

24
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 Read the story and put the events а-9 in
chronological order (1 -7l.
А story
а They arrived in Austria ;
l сап write а story with а simple Ь They rоdе in а helicopter U
linear ýеquепсе. с They radioed fоr help II

d They booked lessons гl

е Мах fell down а hole п
1 Look at photos А-F and match them
!ii:'il",l,,ii;lif[d,
f They had their first lesson ll
LJ
g They met Мах lI

with the extreme sports in the Ьох. Тhеп discuss

the questions. |.' '. '
",l '], Discuss
,
уочr оwп experiences of trying
(\ out а sport for the first time.
I
bungee jumping ] mountain biking ] ]
rafting j

frock climbing [1no*boarding ]- Йt"r,kiiЙ -J Read the advice for writing а story and complete the
examples in the WRITING FOCUS with the words in
1 What ехtrеmе sрогts have you tried?
purple from the story.
2 What ехtrеmе sрогts would you like to try?
3 What ехtrеmе sрогts would you печеr like to try? Why?

2 Read the beginning of the story. What do you think

went wrопg? А story
. Beginning уочr story
There's а first time for everything! о Use an opening sentence and interesting title that
I don't think mапy people have Ьееп in а situation makes the rеаdеr want to read оп.
like the опе Lilly and I experienced last winter. We о Set the scene fоr the story so the rеаdеr сап imagine
wеrе learning to snowboard fоr the first time in the what might happen next.
spectacular mountains о{ Austria. Of course/ mапy things
о Finish the beginning section with а рrоЬlеm, оr at а
ý can go wrong when уоu'rе new to an extreme sport, but
what happened to us was чеry unusual. The old saying, point which is exciting оr interesting.
'there's а first time for everything' is definitely true based . Ъlliпg уочr story
оп оur experiencel о Use а rап9е of different narrative tenses to tell the
We'd boolced lessons ЬеIоrе we arrived, and were both story.
lо feeling quite nervous * *" took the lift up the mountain use the past Сопtiпчочs to set the scene.
with Мах, оur enthusiastic instructor. 'Don't wоrry' he
We 1 wеrе both feeling guite neryous.
said, 'you might fall over а bit, but you'll love it|' The
first lesson was really challenging and we fell очеr А Use the Past Simple to describe the main events.
LOT! Ву the end of the first day, we wеrе completely We2 the lift up the mоuпtаiп.
15 exhausted but, as promised, we'd had а brilliant time
Use the Past Perfect to make it сlеаr that опе past
and fallen totally in love with snowboarding.
action happened before апоthеr past action.
The following day, Мах was demonstrating how to turn. Wез /essons Ьеfоrе we аrrivеd.
As our eyes {ollowed him down the slope, he suddenly
disappeared. 'Where did hе go?' I asked Lilly, as we Use adverbs and strопg adjectives to make the story
zo headed for where he'd disappeared. We discovered Мах
exciting.
at the bottom of а big hole. 'I think it's broken' he said Ву the епd of the first day, we wеrе
holding his left leg. We called fоr help on his radio 4

and twenty minutes later the three of us were in а Use sequencers so the rеаdеr can follow the story.
helicopter heading for the medical centre. 5 the thrее of us wеrе iп а
2g I'm pretty sure we enjoyed the helicopter ride mоrе than helicopter ..,
рооr Мах! Тhе doctor confirmed that he had Ыоkеп his
leg. She said it was the first time she'd ever seen learners use one оr two shогt sentences fоr dramatic effect.
bring their instructor in fоr treatment. IЛlе discoyered Мах at the bottom of а big hole.
fi Use some direct speech to make the story come alive.
}&" бl
', l asked Lilly.
Ending уочr story
о Think of an exciting, funny оr unexpected ending to
the story to help the rеаdеr rеmеmЬеr it.

Find and underline mоrе examples of the narrative

tenses from the WRITING FOCUS iп the story.

26
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:Pue arull ts,l!, ач}.lо; Лllлlре
.lo 1.1ods мач е бu;ft1 lпоqе Л.lоls е allJд аэчапЬаs е u! sluaлa aqlюsap ot sJa]u!,I
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 i l1, ;ll
]]], i: ] ";i,_i : i,,i' iil , ,]: '..,] li , ;.

AskinE {or and Eiving ап opinion i']',: |]; ]]:

'"]
agreeing апd disagreeing What do you think about ...?

l think .../l (just) don't think .../lf you ask me .../

The thing is .../То Ье honest ...

Look at the jobs in the Ьох and пчmЬеr them from most (5)
to least(1) important for society. l а9 гее./ТhаtЪ true./Absol utely!
'] "
,апаСоrI afarmerff afootball player] anurseil l l'm поt so surе about that./l'm not convinced.
'' '

nilot il а police officer ] а scientist [ . ,urg"on [] j

|э J
ТhаtЪ not truе./l'm sоrry, l don't а9rее with you.
Ж Read and listen to а conversation between а Ьrоthеr
and sister and answer the questions.
No way! (iпfоrmаl)/Аге you kiddin9? (iпfоrmаl)
l'm afraid l completely disаgrее.
Note:
lf you have no strong opinions, you can say:
Реrsопаllу, l don't feel strопglу one way оr the
other.

W Read the opinions below and choose

the appropriate responses in а and Ь. Тhеп
listen and check.
1 | think female athletes should еаrп the same
salary as male athletes.
а l аgrее. / No waylAll athletes should Ье
1 What do they disаgrее about? paid equally.
2 Who does thеir fаthеr аgrее with? Ь Abso/utely, / l'm поt сопviпсеd. Ма|е
З Who do you а9rее with? athletes attract mоrе spectators.
2 lf you ask mе, running is the best sрогt in the
W Use the SPEAKING FОСUS to complete the phrases wоrld.
in the conversation. Тhеп listen again and check. а l'm afraid l completely disagree. / That's
Tom: Goal! МеssiЪ just sсоrеd а fantastic aoal! НеЪ definitely true. You can do it апуwhеrе and any time.
the best footballer in the world! Ь Abso/utely. / That's поt trче. Playing team
Jan: Hm, l'm not ] about that. sрогts is much better.
Tom: What do you know about football? З lп my opinion, golf is fоr old people.
Jan: l know that some football рlауеrs get millions of еurоs а l agree. / l'm поt convinced. ltЪ too slow
а month! |f '_ for young people.
, they еаrп too much.
Tom: ТhаtЪ'_ . Only а few рlауеrs еаrп that much Ь Аrе you kidding? / l аgrее, Му Ьrоthеr is
and they deserve it. twenty and he loves playing golf.
Jan: No way! Footba|l рlауеrs don't save lives! FооtЬаllЪ just 4 l think boxing should Ье Ьаппеd. ltЪ too

а game! dangerous.
Tom: Аrе О_ ? ltЪ the most рорulаr game in the а Abso/utely. / No wayl l think itЪ great.
world. Ь l'm sоrry, l don't agree with you. / That's
Jan: ТhаtЪ true but they don't do anything imрогtапt. They just true. ltЪ too violent.
kick а ball!
Practise the dialogues in
Tom: The'_, football рlауеrs can опlу play whеп
Exercise 4. Choose answer а or Ь according
thеу'rе уоuп9 so they have to еаrп а lot in а shогt time.
Jan: l'm О_ . l just don't think footballeгs аrе qood
to your own opinion.
rоlе models.
Discuss the topics below. Use the
Тom:l,msorry,'--they,regreаtrolemodels.They SPEAKING FOCUS to help you.
train rеаllу hаrd ...
Dad: Неу, whаtЪ going оп in hеге? Calm down you two.
. we should do mоrе sрогt at school.
Jan: Не thinks itЪ ОК to рау Messi two million еurоs а month!
. Animals should not Ье used in sрогt.
What 8
that?
Dad: ТhаtЪ ridiculous.
Jan: You see!
Dаd:Тo'-,lthinkheshouldgetаtleаsttenmillion! Фj Watch the video and practise. Тhеп
role-play уочr dialogue.
28
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1 Choose the соrrесt option. 5 Choose the correct answer, А, В or С, to complete
'l The орропепt / rеfеrее showed two rеd cards during both sentences in each pair.
the first half of the match. 1 Sаrаh and Lena after their mоthеr *
2 l'm confident England сап win / beat almost апу they look the same and have similar personalities too.
team they play against this season. James is a|ways ready to _ on а
З Steven was sоrry fоr /etting / drоррiпg the other challenge. Now hе is training to climb Mt Everest.
рlауеrs down when he missed the goal. Ago В take С come
4 Julie was so fast that she hit / Ьrоkе the world rесоrd Маrсus was thrilled to get the school
Ьу five seconds. swimming team after doing the trials thrее times.
5 Giles is а popular trаiпеr / spectator because he We tried to talk my dad coaching the
shows players how they сап improve. rugby team, but he just didn't have time.
А about В out of С into
team this уеа1 but l'll still play fоr fuп. 3 lf уоu'rе tired of karate, maybe you should try
kickboxing. ltЪ а lot of fun!
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the After huгtiпg his knee, Brad dropped _
words in capitals. of the long jump competition.
1 ln figure skating, constant is the best Aout Boff Соп
way to lеаrп difficult tricks. REPEAT 4 l look to famous athletes who help
2 Yоu сап _ уоur device Ьу touching the уоuпg people.
sсrееп and entering the password. ACTIVE Dаrrеп picked basketball while playing
3 That ruппеr has such а _ stагt that he with his оldеr Ьrоthеrs.
seems to take off like а racing саr. POWER А аrоuпd В out Cup
4 You have to Ье _ in а game like 5 Маriа was excited to sсоrе the final
basketball because there is no time to stop and think. the match.
DEclDE lt looked like а регfесt shot, but hе missed the
5 Athletes need to show when they аrе Ьу centimetres.
rесочеriпg from injuries and defeat. RESILIENT А goal В mаrk С point
6 That рlауеr is so that he won't 6 Lеаrпiпg about the risk of head injuries put Todd
9о оп the field without wearing his'lucky' riпg. Аmеriсап football complete|y.
SUPERSTlTloN Going to the gym is good, but you сап Ьurп
еvеп mоrе calories in а dance class.
Write sentences from the prompts. Use the Past
Aout Boff Cup
Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect.
1 The match / not / stагt / at7 o'clock / because / it / 6 Choose the word or phrase, А, В or С, that has а
SnoW. similar meaning to the underlined words in each
2 Апп / get / lots ofl money/when / she /win /the sentence.
tennis competition? 'l lп the end, Joanna didn't ioin the team, and Kim
3 John / buy / squash racket / ечеп though / he / поt / didn't еithеr.
play/squash/before. А either Joanna оr Kim joined the team
4 you / play / golf / when / you / huгt / yourself? В neither Joanna поr Kim joined the team
5 l / swim / calmly/when / sudden|y/ someone / С Jоаппа joined the team but Kim didn't
ju.p / into the pool. 2 lf you ask me, golf is а very Ьоriпg sрогt.
6 When / Juliet / get home / Henry / аlrеаdу / go to / that В l'm sоrry but С l think that
А l а9rее
the match. 3 The athletes completed the 2O-kilometre ruп and
then they got ready for the swimming rасе.
Choose the correct option.
А After the athletes had completed the 2O-kilometre
1 l don't think my parents will let me 9о / to go to the ruп,
rugby match оп my own. В Before completing the 2O-kilometre ruп,
2 The doctor has advised me give up / to give up С While the athletes wеrе completing the 2O-kilometre
professional sport if I don't want to get injured seriously. ruп,
3 Tim tends getting tired / to get tired easily, so he has 4 l enjoy playing baseball and my sister епjочs it as well.
to Ье very active to keep in shape. А so does mу sister В поr does my sister
4 Yоu really should stop wasting / to waste уоur time at С so my sister does
table tennis practice. 5 The local football team coach tries not to talk to the
5 Everyone at the stadium expected their team press after his team loses а match.
wiппiпg / to wiп the match. А stops talking В refuses to talk С avoids talking
6 l can't help /aughing / to laugh when l see that video
of me trying to |еаrп to ski.

з0
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seм ЛuошаJээ uopuol Zloa эr;1 'Л;бulsud:ns 1оц
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чочs е a}lJM рче slооч)s Jo} эчlzебецl
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leuol}euJalu! ue ч! }чащаэчпочче s!чr реоu 0 L ЭэээJcpэst;oqшЛSuolS|AS|ЧI-z.S}UэшаAolЧэe
pue Л.lоlslч s].lJo э;пlэld бuluunls е ро}uэsэld асээlg
pue 'аэе;dчUlq llоч} о} paujn}al sэtdшЛ;6 эч} йоOZ ul
,оldоэd эч}
Jo Лlls.lалlр
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;(ozl;d ||ешs uеаш по{ ор r{l1эехо }ечм
е) ,{q
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е q}! эlпs
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рооб }оuш,I
4эsluебlо эм рlпочs
1о 1цбцц67ц е siеще st Iчошолоз бutчоdб эtdшI16 оц1
uоllrlоdшоэ suods }о pul>l 1ечм'аш |lэ}'oS .
:sеэча}чэs бulMo;;o, ачr +о lle Jo аtлоs эsп
,ор ol алеч по{
1eqM ssn)slp ol чоllеsJолчоэ
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I

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sобрп1 . ,)эо|э,о
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SP]eMI о

:чоllчэш рlпоч5 по{ sэldо1 .ор ol алеч

по{ 1erlM ssn)slp о} 8 luopnls ч}!м чоllеsJалчоэ
оч} Uels ,а5оочэ поЛ {ue u; чо;l;}аdrчоэ
uods
е бu;;eda;d .lод a;q;suodsal s! ýsеl).lпод.Леq
UodS Л;lшез е aslue6;o ol slueм lооч)s Jпод

v luapn}S
,s.l;ed чl
lse} ачl оG 6
 [Иеапs о{ transport о поuп рhrаsеs
о collocations . sупопугпs {оr trip

I сап talk about travelling and means of trans роrt.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

1 List as mапу different mеапs of transport as you сап think of.

on land ] оп water in the air

I
trаiп ---*; -
i

2 Talk about the last time you travelled Ьу these means

of transport.
А: И/hеп was the last time you travelled Ьу trаiп?
В: About thrее months ago. l rлчепt to ...

Fоr some students, the journey to school is just о stroll огоuпd the соrпеr
оr о short drive ond the biggest рrоЬlеms they foce оrе qettinQ stuck
iп troffic joms duriпg rush hour оr pubIic tronsport deloys. Fоr others,
getting to school involves crossing deserts, riчеrs оr dongerous urЬоп
neighbourhoods. They hove to trove| long distonces on foot, оr Ьу
boot, bicycle, rickshow оr sledge.
Next time you miss the school bus ond feel like comploining obout
уоuг journey to school, think obout these schoolchildren who don't
hove occess to buses оr еvеп roods.
Cýick }зgrе to listen to this rероrt Ьу оur trovel journolist Вriоп Wоlkеr.

Фr\
 gt
ioplJa1Jq р uо обtsе/ по{ р/р uачм
aua)e? Jадо ад,поК щбtч ]sабuо1 ач] s,}ечм
:lauued
чачI ,pJorn Wеа ч}!м uol1senb е allJrn pue
.lпоЛ 1se
эЕ ]UоIS GUом tuoJ, sPloм ал!+ аsоочэ *r*fi}"mwжds t !,

,рuеlulеш эч} moJJ

1eoq {q
,pupls!
uочs lsnf
р s,}l zBJlp)lV о} luaм эм dвр Jачlоuр uо
{uо;оэ uoll еэs s}l pup J.iечм s.uешJэчsll рэllslл pup
-).
sJпоч аэJчt.lо; {eg ач} punoJe pa|lps ам * ооl tulzешр seм
{eg оэslэuеJJ ues punoJp )9 эч1 цtпоqllе 'dr.l1
s!чl lпоqе 8u!чl аtlJполеJ {ш seM }ечI lе) эlqе) Iq filэ
эчl Jo l5 р uо luэм эм 'оэslэuеJ; ups ol 1о3 эм
Э)uo.sJnoЧэ^lамtpunoJe)4ool-[oачr.o)Sl]uPJl
ups о] }seo) 1sэм atll tuole рg ач1 lпоqр pa]l)xa
aJa/v\ ад,8utрuрl Jаце Jпоч аuо 1snf peo.1 эч} uо aJaM алл
pup 'leulmla} ачt moJJ Jz sпч Uочs е 1snf spM
аJlч Je) аql,цоd;lе ачl lе Je) е dn рэlэld pue uорuоl
шоlJ lч8!u.lало ue uо эll}раS ul ралllJр ам
-*-JT
fiolq Ес!Jашш чI ýlanвJl

,эt зuоý
GUом u!spJoм ачr ч}!м rtl}ue бo;q аqr аlаldrчоз 7;,
,1eado.1
рче ))ач] 'ualsl; чачд.хоq ачl
ч! SPJo/n ачr ч}!м эt ]Uодs GUом аlе;dшоЭ GEшl l l
,Jt Jo+ sшЛuоuЛ5 эЕ эцоtS сuом

аа]е} {;;ensn по{ ор эlпоJ lечм рче lооч)s

о}laб no{ ор мон ,uoda.l эч} ч! sачо ачl ч}!м
lооч]s o1{au.lno[ uMo.1no{ a.ledrлog *rufiжWжdffi 9

,,dээр os s,}! оsпеэоq ",, l

; эsпеэаq
,,{uе 1,uo.1e эJэч} se snq е tрrеэ },uрэ ",, а
Suоl}рэоIlоэ 8t эUоIS Guом ,,ПЦdПЭrБ о} }ueм },uор | аsпеээq ",, р
",Sl оJэч o}leэ }SэJeau очJ_ 9 ,,}чбlшUочs е чэпsq}! эsпеээq ",, )
", sl |оочэs эч} о} эsпоч Лш шоl1 }пэ V 9 ,,раsdеl;оэ обрuq uolsuadsns оч} аsпеэаq ",, q
", st sше[ Jo} }oaj}s Jo peoJ }sloм эчJ_ ? ,,э}ошоl os Sl |оочэs Лш эsпеээq ",, е
", sl yodsue.l1-+o шJо+ 1sаdеэqэ - ач1 t ,r-е suoseal
ч}!м t эS!]Jохf ч! 9_[ Slча[лцJо)
", ul Л;luпоэ Лш ul эбp1.1q е sl эlэч1 z аlа;drлоэ чачI .1.1oda.t оч} о} uals!-l GEfiTr v
", о} ", шоJJt sr Лlrэ,{ш ul lnor1 бululоlд L
,",Що}эш!}элеr1 {;a;eq l, 9
- ,", sq}ed бulpulM MoJJeu бuоlе r{эluор е эрll |, s
vg эuоIs сuом u' sase.lqd
"r;:",;Чil:j]:: Ё: ,", ]эеJ} Ulp е бuоlе |оочэs o11oop.leq r"lгrl ю >рм р
.lno{ Jo} enJl щач} э]еш ol sээчэ}чаs оч} ala;druog L 1,
,", Jеэ аlqеэ эрешашоч е uо Fацеlr е ssо.lэ ;, g
,1Bado.1 ,",{э;;ел е ssоJэе бullэ{э {q шэ чочs е о)е} |, z
рче ])ач)
'uelsll чочI ,, рче Е Sasl)Jaxз Pue lxal ачl ul PaJ ч! ,",oJlмeuo@;,;,
spJoм ечr ч}!м чt эUоlS сuом аlа;drлох
GЦD 9 з-у soloqd
чr!м 9_L S}чещщоtr ,S}uaPnls ч)lеш рчр Iоочэ9
SаSеJчd unoN чt эuоls Guом о1 siaulnol аша;lхз о} чо!lэпроJ}ч! ач} реаu Е
 4 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and complete the examples with
the чеrь forms in blue in the article.
Present and past
specuIation
ý ***з q,.gs* f,}з*d*f wgg"fus Рr*s*rзt *пd pe*t *р**жý*tý*rъ
*с* sр**я;i*** *fu*е.я* *fug
You can use modal чеrЬ structures to speculate about things.
рr*s*** **d t&* р*st-
* You use mustwhen you аrе surе something is оr was truе.
Present: /t rэта;s* fo* а /ion. Past: /t'_ а liоп.
Look at the pictures and complete the в You use might, mау оr couldwhen you think itЪ possible
sentences. something is оr was truе.
1 Picture _ гt"эьв*t Ь* а lion because of the Present: /t rз*ýgýэr fu* а /ion. Past: /t 2
а liоп.
long hаir агоuпd the head and neck. * You use cant (оr couldn't) when you аrе surе something isn't оr
2 Picture _ lтэýgfut Ь* а puma оr it **аяtd h* wasn't truе.
а cheetah.
Present: /t *as,}'t fug а domestic animal.
3 Рiсturе _ *&rt't h* а tiger because the
Past: /t 3
а domestic апimаl.

ыж21.R
head is too small.
Modal verb forms for speculation
Р rese nt : m ust/ mi ght/ m ау / со ul d/ сап' t+ i nf i n itive
Past: mustlmight/may/could/can't + haye + past participle

5 Ж Rewrite the sentences using the words iп brackets.

Look at the sentences уоч have completed тhеп listen to the interviews about the incident and check
in Exercise 1. Which sentence means: уочr sentences.
а l'm surе it is ... П 1 l'm surе itЪ а lion. (must)
Ь l'm surе it isn't... С /t must Ье а liоп.
с lthink itЪ possible that it ls... I 2 ltЪ possible it escaped frоm the zoo. (might)
3 Реrhарs it is very hungry Ьу поw. (could)
Read the short newspaper article. Аrе
4 ltЪ possible it was sоmеЬоdуЪ pet. (could)
statements 1-3 true (Т) or false (F)?
5 Реrhарs it grеw too big. (may)
1 The man is sure he saw а lion, П 6 l'm surе it isn't а lion. (can't)
2 The woman is surе she heard а lion. П
3 The police аrе surе а liоп escaped frоm ww what do you think really happened? Listen to the news
а zoo. П rероrt and check уочr ideas. What did the police сопсlчdе?

Complete the sentences with ап appropriate modal structure

and the чеrь in brackets.
1 Dave can'thave /eft.yet, his coat is still hеrе. (notyet leave)
2ThetrаffiсЪreаllybаd,l,mworriedWe-ouгtrаin.
(miss)
3 Тhеу'rе поt at hоmе, They away fоr the
weekend. (9о)
4 l can't find Jo. She home. (go)
5 The plane landed очеr ап hоur а9о. Bill ln
baggage reclaim. (still Ье)
6 Buy а laptop? With my pocket money?! Yоu
serious. (not Ье)

Choose а sentence below and write а dialogue including the

sentence. Тhеп act out уочr dialogue to the class.
f'|п Sunday evening at 8 p.m. а holidaymaker was 1 l must have left it in the shop.
Llwalking to his саrачап with his eleven-year-Otd sOп 2 Yоu might have huгt yourself!
whеп he believed he saw а lion. Не told rерOrtеrs, 'lt was 3 You must Ье joking!
dark, but I could see а large апimаl. lt *a*'t iзат* **** 4 l can't have left itlthem at home.
а domestic anima]- it was too big. l thought it жЕght hаъя* 5 Тhеrе must Ье some mistake,
Ь*** а lion, So we rап, very quickly!' The seaside rеsoгt А: Oh поl
was full of holidaymakers and at least ten people saw the В: lЛlhаtЗ wrопg?
апimаl. 0пе wоmап said 'l heard а loud roаr at '10 p.m. А: / can't {ind mу wallet. / must hаче /eft it in the shop.
]t жlяst hаър* h*** а lion. No оthеr animal сап rоаr like В: Oh dеаr.lt/ечеr miпd, Let3 go back апd look fоr it.
that.' Police have told everybody to stay inside as they
believe а lion may have escaped from а пеаrЬу zoo.

34
 ýЕ

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чl!м sJaMSue Jno{ эJеdшоэ э
,эuо|е бul;;але.rllо slaбuep оч}
а8 as!)Joxf u! sэ)eld aqr aJe plJoм очt ч! эJачм 1поqе pollloM sl g
,{еме об o1.1alrl6nep lоч
}uем l,usoop V
Jач}ош ачJ_ 9
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рооб алеч э
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,uleJ оч}
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]

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,|эlоч Jе}s-оаJч} е u! g ,|а}sоч qtno{ е ul
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э v
!

|ачпчес 1!6lu эr1l puods о} slueм uеш эчt z

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з ,prdnls g ,чSl}|оS
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sаэе;d }о sэшеч or1l leodal рче ua}s!]
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,э Jo g 'y'.laMsue }ээJJоэ ачl аsооtlэ '9-;.
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,sфу gэuа;з ач] 01]ualll pue sluoJed Пиl,алеч 'sал :g
l
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/

Luosol,TS UMOU]
-ilам е 7е бupleoqмous uaaq rcла паi ален :ч ;o1orld е олеч lоч 5аор бчlр,lоэа.l
,L эslэJэхз ч! sоlочd aql
,a;qlssod se ,9
llelop ч)пщ se эл!9 as!)Jaxf ч)!чм чl!м tчочl чэtеш
pue s{ер;lоч lпоqе sбчlр.lоэаJ xls ol чэ}s!,l
ч! suollsanb эql Jэrvrsue рче Isv ":i,,j|, 9 ýЖ
,ыеоi
ам1 Jo} бull1s uаоq ]l uалеч i ]пq
L- е;о1 бul1.1ом }поqе rqбnoqr 9
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L- е uo бulo6;o 1шеоlр g slods )o7ulw ало/ l deplloq бulr>ls е э]Jl р/пом 1 ryuirl} /
,sJомSче.lпоЛ
а|а}оч е Ul е рэ)ооq ?
аsрuэlJ+.lпоЛ q}rM е uo uaaq Е Jo} suoseal ал!D ,lseal Jo lsэq a>|ll plnoм поЛ Лерl;оq 1о
;filuпоэ uбla.lo1 е u! е ur рэ{еls 7 эdЛr чэ!чм ssпэs!р рче sоlочd aqr }е ]oo,I .: . i
L- uмou)-||oм е 1е бurp;eoqмous uaoq L
", .lэдэ no{ алец
,a;q;ssod sl Jaмsue эчо чечl oJotu
sащllаlлоS ,GЕ -
]U9IS Guом ul sчпоч рчпоdшоэ
эlel;do.1dde r1l;M suol1sanb ar1l аlэ;dшоэ
,}eada.l
рче л)оч) 'чэlsl1 чачl ,xoq еч} ч! sчпоч
аЧl Чl!м оt зUоIs сuом W
оlо;dr,чоз n
suпоu рuпоdшоэ Gt зuоrs сцом

}-}* }-LЪщ
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g**ý;;*ýilý tj* *яj Ёfj#ё*ff ý*зg ф;з*"а*Ёj {.Ё** ý

а)l0чэ эldtl;пlд
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 WORD STORE ЗЕ Negative adjectives
Multiple choice tTlf?ýl Complete WORD STORE 3Е
with the negative prefixes dis- оr чп-.
I сап identify the key iпfоrmаtiоп iп ап
use the words in Ьlче iп the article to
extended article.
help you. Then listen, check and repeat.

Choose the соrrесt option. Use WORD

ýРЖАКlruffi lmagine уоч are going оп а journey alone to STORE 3Е to help you. Where would
а distant location. Discuss whether the foIlowing аrе advantages уоч expect to hear or see these
оr disadvantages of travelling with а smartphone. аппочпсеmепts?
. you don't need to саrry flighytrain/bus tickets. 1 Passengers should make themselves
о you can text уоur раrепts as soon as you land at уоur destination. familiar / uпfаmiliаr with еmе19епсу
. You'll пеvеr get lost - you've got а mар on уоur рhопе and GPS. procedures.
. you can post selfies on social media and make ечеryопе jealous. 2 Due to рооr weather conditions, delays
. you can show photos of
уоur family and hоmе to new friends. may Ье avoidable / uпаvоidаЬlе.
. you сап stay in touch with пеw friends on social media. 3 Тhе hotel would like to wish guests
. You can keep up-to-date with everything thаtЪ goin9 оп at home. а p/easant / unpleasant stay.
4 Guests'digital devices should Ье
2 Below are some reasons for travelling. Can you think of any more? connected / disconnected during
Add them to the list. а thunderstorm.
. Fоr а holiday . Fоr а life-changing ехреriепсе 5 When driving аЬrоаd, you need to
. То do voluntary work ье inform ed / uпiпfоrmеd about the
соuпtryЪ rоаd laws.
3 Read the article. Which of the reasons for travelling in Exercise 2
are mentioned? Are any other reasons given? 8 ?ýIiФ Complete the чеrЬs phrases
with the words iп the Ьох. use the
underlined phrases in the afticle to hеlр
you. Тhеп listen, check and repeat.
Read the articIe again. Fоr questions 1-5, choose the correct
challenge
(,

cut yourself off frоm

!щ
answer, А, В, С оr D.
ll f.? )

I I

1 william sutcliffe believes that

from take )
l

А Ьасkрасkеrs had wоrsе travel experiences twenty уеаrs а9о. [_withdraw mопеу
В young people wоrry about thеir hostel being соmfогtаЬlе. 1 immеrsе уоursеlf in а foreign culture
С young people find it hаrd to leave thеir daily lives behind. your beliefs
D trачеl was much еаsiеr iп а pre-digital world.
уоur family/home
2 Charlotte Johnstone а gaP уеаr
А went оп the same journey as William Sutcliffe.
а cash point
В found it hаrd to live in а foreign culture.
С lеаrпt new things about the wоrld thanks to hеr smагtрhопе. 9 ýРfiАКliЧý Replace the underlined
D ехреriепсеd а different culture in spite of hеr smагtрhопе. phrases with words or phrases with
з charlotte Johnstone believes that а similar meaning in Exercise 8. Which do
А William Sutcliffe is wrопg about the benefits of travel. уоч а9rее with? Discuss with а partner.
В the way we trачеl has changed the world. 1 lf you пеvеr go аЬгоаd, уоu пеvеr think
С smагtрhопеs аrе ап advantage in travel situations. critically about оur оwп opinions.
D tеепаgеrs in remote places don't use social media. 2 ltЪ impossible to stop communicating
4 charlotte Johnstone thinks that Millennials completely with home when you have
А аrе less independent than thеir раrепts' 9епеrаtiоп. unlimited access to the lпtеrпеt.
В сап Ье in touch with home and still enjoy ехреriепсеs. 3 l don't like being а tourist. ltЪ better
С want to have different ехреriепсеs from those of thеir parents. if you live with local people and
D have а hаrd time saving up fоr and planning а gap уеаr triр. ехреriепсе their ifestyle.
5
l

ln the агtiсlе 4 Nobody gets mопеу frоm а machine

А both writers disagree about the imрогtапсе of travel. outside а bank оr а shop these days. You
в william sutcliffe is critical of Millennials. just use your phone to рау fоr things.
С Charlotte Johnson аrguеs that smагtрhопеs haven't changed 5 Тrачеlliпg аЬrоаd fоr а уеаr Ьеfоrе
the way we trачеl. going to university is а waste of time and
D both writеrs think that if you have Wi-Fi, you can't have а life- mопеу.
changing ехреriепсе.

Think about the holidays and trips уоч go оп. Discuss

SРЖеfi{ft$Чffi
how they would Ье different without Wi-Fi. Would that Ье
а problem for you?

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do you think are true? Соmраrе with
used to агrd would а partner. Тhеп listen and check.
ý ***з g*ýýq *fu*ая* р*s* s**t*s **# r*р***gqj

Jсt;rэrrs ц5j:зfr "ts#d tc, *гd я"*a'.ý;j. W Complete the text with the verbs in
brackets.
Use would + чеrЬ (whеrе possible)
Use used to + чеrЬ (whеrе would is not
possible)
Use the Past Simple (whеrе would оr used to
аrе not possible)
Тhеп listen and check. ls the UK the only
country where people drive оп the left?

Lett оr right?
Today, 75О/о ot саrs drive оп the right, but it 'dldn't a/ways
use to Ье (поt always Ье) like that. lп fact, everybody
used to travel оп the left! lп Rоmап times, roads
'_ (Ье) dangerous and travellers

'_ (саrrу) swords in their right hands.

Тrаче]lеrs оп horses (ride) оп the left
side of the road so that the right hand was free to use
'l Аrе the statements about road travel in the 1960s trче (Т) the swоrd. Тhеп Nароlеоп u_ (change) the
or false (F)? Соmраrе with а partner. rule. Why? Because he was а rечоlutiопаrу! Before the

1 Roads ь*s**-tqз Ь* quieter. Frепсh Revolution, the aristocracy u_ (travel)

П 7_
2 People *;*** t*ъ tаэlk about trаffiс pol|ution. ý
оп the left and рооr people (stay) оп the

З Саrs di***'t ж*;* t* fu*ъч* seat belts right. Аftеr the Revo]ution, the aristocracy joined the рооr

4 Children жg*l*i*j рý*у video games on long journeys.

L*]
people оп the right and driving оп the right 8_
;]
5 GPS didn't exist so people ън.*=-:i* €*iЗ*ьт maps. :]
(Ьесоmе) the пеw lаw. What about the rest of the wor]d?
Сhiпа, Portugal, Sweden and parts of Canada used to drive
W Listen to ZоеЪ grandfather talking about road travel оп the left and only changed the law during the mid-
when he was уочп9. Check уочr ideas in Exercise 1. twentieth century. Моrе than fifty соuпtriеs including the
UK, Australia, Japan and ]ndia stilI drive оп the left today.
Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and answer the questions.
1 Which sentences in Ехеrсisе 1 describe past actions?
2 Which sentences in Ехеrсisе 1 dеsсriЬе past states?

ý*Js*# ** *вз* жл**fчS

,* You сап use used to * verb or would + verb to talk about rеgulаr
past actions that don't hарреп апу mоrе.
Наrry *g*# t* 9о to schoo/ Ьу bus. Не'# f**ы* the house at 8 а.m.
u You сап use used to + verb (NOT +ve+#-+-l4g+b) to talk about
past states that аrе по lопgеr true. (Usually with stative verbs: Ье, 7 Write six sentences about your life when
have, /ove, etc.) уоч were ten. Use used to оr would. Use the
Наrry u;**# t* Ье а good student. suggestions in the Ьох or уочr own ideas.
"\
Note: clothes уоu wоrе sрогts you did
I l
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]
lп 1963 mу granddad fu*аяgýъt his first саr. (NOT you listened to ,} bedroom
ý

I music чочr ]

оr ++е+*НЪ+у ...)
ldidn't use to like mushrооms оr grееп beans.
4 Rewrite the statements using would.lf would is not possible, 8 Compare уочr sentences in Exercise 7. Did you
use used to. use to Ье similar or different?
'lАir trачеl was сhеареr than now.
Аir travelused to Ье cheaper than поиr. &fu*ьвt ýъ*ýýd*у*
2 Air travel was mоrе соmfогtаЬlе.
3 The flight frоm London to New Yоrk took lопgеr. Watch the Fосчs Vlog. Fоr the
4 People smoked оп the plane. worksheet, 9о to ра9е 121.
5 People wоrе their best clothes to trачеl Ьу аir.
6 Аirрогts didn't have so many security checks.
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 4 Read Ben's reply. Did he mention any of the advice
you thought of?
А personal email
l сап write а personalemail giving
То: Tim
advice.
Subject: Re: How аrе you?

Неу little brother;

Match problems 1-З to advice а-с.
начiпя а great time back at uni. you should соmе and
1 Should l go to university in my hometown, оr iп visit soon.
апоthег city? П
2 l want to ask Katie оп а date, but l'm too shy. П Congratu[ations on the offers - ]'m rеаllу рrоud of you.
3 МumЪ wоrriеd about me camping overnight at 1l understand what
а difficult decision it is, but it's
the music festival. D better than having по options! Can't believe уоu'rе
а lf l were you l wouldn't ask hеr. She might say no. going to uni a[ready! Seems like five minutes ago we
ь Tell hеr thеrе аrе six of us. we'll look аftег each оthеr. wеrе ptaying Lego together!
с You should study at уоur local university and live with zHave you thought about making а list of the p[uses
уоur parents.
and minuses? E.g. if you study at home and [ive with
Discuss how good the advice in
,1;1.t1,;,,ii,1{lil,i,;;
Mum and Dad (plus or minus?;-)), you won't have to do
Exercise 1 is. Think of ап aIternative solution for
уоur own washing, cooking, etc. On the other hand, if
each probIem.
уоu gо to Edinburgh, you'tl have to [ook аftеr yourse[f
Read ТimЪ message to his older brother Веп and but you'[[ have уоur freedom. ЗIf l were you, l'd find out
answer the questions. mоrе about the courses as we[[.
1 Which рrоЬlеm frоm Exercise 1 does Tim describe? аВу the way, thanks fоr the mix
2 What advice would you give him? - l played it at SсоttуЪ
party оп Friday and ечеrуопе loved it. Grеаt to have а Dj
for а litt[e Ьrоthеr:-)

|'m sure severything will Ье ОК.

То: Ben
Subjecil How аrе you? норе to see you sооп,

Hi Ben, в.

How's life back at uni? Having fun? Working

hard?;-)

l'm writing because l need your advice. l've

been оffеrеd two p[aces to study lT next уеаr.
One is hеrе at the local university, and the
other is allthe way up in Edinburgh!
 Lч

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ачl '6 эS!)Jахэ u! SEaP! эчl оsп ,)Sel бu;1;.lM ачl o(I 0L. -r
uэчм аsпеlэ е 1о бuruurбaq эql }е sqJол Л;er;rxne pue
sunouold 1эа[qпs lno элеэ| {1;ensn под ,slsdr;lэ рэ||еэ
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ll
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lI
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L", рч1 rcоq поl, рlр 'fiцеlчарlэu/

60u;fuloM Jач do}s о} ор ", )oJ s)uеч] 'iем оql ig
lo ЛрS I uрэ }рчм ilol iiiio}Bs ole ом эJпS SMau оlош
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,оJоч} ,d
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эNl>V]dS
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Jачэеаtr е lse/outluo ]/ ]поgе реа4 ", о] еар/ рооб е gr1
о} эш }uрм },usэор шпи\ )))-: ш,l ёп J мон
._=".,**"_*",*,,J
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ро put1) ", p,l 'поi o.1oM 111
}uошэ}е}s е бurlеш Лq аэrлре Jo}JQ о
,.lэчцеd е
чl!м seap! .lпоЛ э.lеdr.чо1 iPuay1 лоi o1\el) ", поК 1,uop rчм
'еер! рооб = /./'>;.lo/U\ }!6lш l| = ,/'""р! РеЧ = Х i}sll е бuцеtu) ", lnoge щбпоql поi олец
аf,!лре эчl )Jеш pue pualJ+ е шоJ+ aбessalu ачl реаu 6 uol1sэnb е бurlse Лq аэlлре.IаJJQ о
,IddеquпроуJом al,nol{ lqм aas uеэ
/
s, +l Uоls/эар цпэцJlр е рчм puelsJoРUn /
хх -1
uol}en}ls S,Puэll+.lnor{ lоl r{qrеdшЛs ssэldхз .
,Ilешо ul o}oJM PUalJ+
'рuацэам 1хэu поЛ aas l1,1
}Se| .,|lэч}
.lпоЛ 1eqM о} ээuоJэ+аJ е lolpue sмэu ;e.louaб
ч}!м !e}S о
z{epllor1 uo tulэq ol pJeMJoJ 3uulоо1 ш,| ,Jэшшпs э)lлре бчlл16 Ilещэ ;euos.lad у
(1.1еэu
11! элаllаq },ue) 1 ;paseald seм Jolnl Iщ ,роо3
s,lечl оs'Леssэ {ш раtlstuц I11еuц | ,pэlJloм st sieMle
,Sчuеч} моu Ja}laq
эчs lnq 'pa1.1.1oM seм шпJл| tull1эt ,9 эs!эJохэ u!
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sJамsче;поЛ ))оW pue SпэоJ DNlIluM эч} реэu 9
PlJP) !н ", о} eapl рооб е s,}| о
П ", а]еш no,{ 1,uop {чм р
2по{ э:е моц :1ш[qп5 П
aul} }no )JoM 11lM sбurql э
e|Je):ol П
П роsп+uоэ аlе по{ {qM аэs uеэ | q
П 'Л;;е}uарlэu; е
,(а-е) бч;чеаш Jellmls е олеч ler1l sase.lqd
чr!м (9-1) ;;ешо ечl u! eld.lnd u! sase.lqd ач} ч]lеш 9
 .i1,]i lmagine а friend from England wants to visit уочr
country during the winter. Complete the advice with опе
Asking fоr end glving advice or two words from the SPEAKING FOCUS.
1 Тhе you shou|d do is book уоur flights.
2 lf l _, l'd pack lots of wаrm clothes.
З You to Ьriпg а lot of fоrmаl clothes.
4 l_ you should Ьriпg lots of cash.
5 You rеmеmЬеr to get some travel insurance.
lmagine уоч are going to England to do an
6 You to make sure уоu have а wаrm winter
English сочrsе and you аrе going to stay with ап
coat.
English family for а month. Write а list of things
you need to take with you. Соmраrе your list Look at the photo and discuss the questions.
with а раrtпеr.
1 Which fоrm of trапsрогt do you рrеfеr fоr long journeys?
2 WhаtЪ the longest journey you've еvеr made Ьу саr, train

rо"ф
оr bus?
3 When did you last trачеl Ьу bus?
9ON'T
. ficЕet9
о уа59|Оr)
.7hоrr€
. 7hоч"r€
Сh
^rgеr
, Vлo !"еY ",

Listen to Markus asking Sophie for advice

about what to take to EngIand and answer the Discuss which ideas below are good and
questions. which аrе bad for а very long bus journey. Give reasons.
1 Which of the things оп уоur list do they mention? Then complete the table.
2 Why does Sophie want Markus to rеmеmЬеr his r\
а big coat water еаrрhопеs fоr smartphone оr iPod
рhопе сhаrgеr? { i

}
fizzy drinks а good book light, comfortable clothes i

pillow snacks snow boots sunglasses tissues

l

Ж Listen again and tick the expressions { а

чеrу wаrm clothes
i

in the SPEAKING FOCUS that you hеаr. Which { chocolate :

\l

three expressions оп the list аrе not used in the

dialogue?

Things to take
|,l,,ir;ii,ll,r l':l',Ll.] i.llli
7
],

Сап you do me а (big) favour? й FolIow the instructions below to рrераrе

Сап you give me some advice? п а dialogue. Use the SPEAKING FOCUS to help you.
Do you think l need ...? п Then act it out to the class.
What do you think l should ...? п Student А: Yоu'rе frоm England. Yоu'rе going to trачеl to
".,ll,il.i 1;i.lri :,1_,r,,
Student ВЪ country Ьу bus. You've пеvег been оп а long bus
jоurпеу before. Ask Student В fоr advice about what to wеаr,
Тhе first thing you should do is ... !}
t_J
lf l wеrе you, l'dll wouldn't ... lI
what to take fоr the journey and what kind of presents to take
l think/don't think you should ...
fоr the family.
You need/don't need to ... !| Student В: Student А is visiting you frоm England. He/She
You (rеаllу) ought to ... г*] is going to trачеl to уоur country Ьу bus. Give him/hеr some
L_--j
You must/mustn't ... {} advice about what to wеаr, what to take fоr thе jоurпеу and
Тhе best thing would Ье to ... r=i what kind of presents to Ьriпg fоr уоur family.
L-J
ltЪ а good idea to ... U
Why don't you ...? п В: Yes, surе. YVhat's the рrоЬlеm?
llll' ;. i:];',i l :,iil,,::i'';,l r,,::l
А: УVеl/, you kпоw l'm trаvеl/iпg to уоur соuпtrу Ьу bus, /'vе

Good idea! пеvеr Ьееп оп а /опg bus jоurпеу Ье{оrе and l'm поt
LJ surе what to take. Сап you ..,
Good thinking! п
ТhаtЪ rеаllу helpfuI.
Oh, l didn't think of that!
iliJ ' , ]lll::,l
: , ,]
] ,],. ,

Watch the video and practise. Then role-play уочr

dialogue.

42
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1 Complete the sentences with the соrrесt form of the 5 Choose the correct answer, А, В or С.
verbs in the Ьох. Тhеrе are two extra verbs. 1 lt was hard fоr me to with the others оп
(, .) the cycling tоur.
I board catch cross cycle fasten get missJ
А turп up В drop off С keep up
] We need to leave right away оr wе'rе going to 2 АllапЪ grапdраrепts _ travel agents, so his
family always got ап extra discount fоr their holiday.
2 W" h.d,. '"""Ы the riчеr Ьу boat because А was в would Ье С used to Ье
the bridge was damaged. 3 X:Why don't уоu go Ьу train?
3 The first thing to do after you take уоur seat оп Y You're right. . |'ll avoid the
а plane is _ уоur seatbelt. очеrсrоwdеd bus again.
4 l can the bus just outside my house, А l don't think l should do it.
which is rеаllу convenient. В l didn't think of that.
5 l hope we don't stuck in traffic because с l'm not surе about that.
we аrе already late. 4 You can just at the аirрогt. Don't wait
around fоr my flight to leave.
Complete the sentences with words from the чпit. А drop me off В pick me up С hold me up
The first letter of each word is given. 5_ stay iп Frапсе fоr а few months. Yоu
1 Оur t_ 9_ told us some won't lеаrп muсh in а week.
fascinating stories as hе showed us аrоuпd Охfоrd. А ln my opinion, you mustn't В lf l wеrе you, l would
2 Тhеrе wеrе no s_ rooms available, so с l don't think l would
they put me in а rооm with two large beds.
З lп Mexico, we stayed in а seaside r_ which
6 Read the text. Choose the соrrесt answer, А, В or С.
had thrее pools, а club and several restaurants.
4 ltЪ сhеареr to рау for а r_
instead of buying two single tickets.
journey
А Holiday to Help 0thers
Last summеr, my friend Каrа апd l had а unique
Complete the second sentence using the word in
opportunity. lnstead of going 0п а package holiday as we
capitals so that it has а similar meaning to the first.
пOrmаllу do, we decided to чоluпtееr iп Рuеrtо
Do not change the word in capitals.
Rico.
1 l'm surе that snake isn't dangerous. Тhеrе аrеп't апу
poisonous snakes in this аrеа. CAN'T Our friends and parents said it could Ье dangerous as we
That snake _
2
dangerous. Тhеrе aren't апу had to the сопtiпепt апd we knew little about the
poisonous snakes iп this аrеа. place. However, we wеrе determined to go. We wепt to а
2 l don't know how they got to London, but it's travel 3 who arranges holidays for volunteers and
possible that they travelled Ьу train. MAY she organised everything.
They to London Ьу train. We ended uр in а mоuпtаaп village iп Puerto Rico which
3 |'m сегtаiп that animal is а jaguar - look how fast it
had Ьееп seriously damaged iп а terrible storm. We stayed
can ruп! MUST
That animal _
in а small hotel in the valIey, s0 we had to cycle 4_ t0
- look how fast it сап ruп! the village ечеrу morпiпg. The ridе was hard and the work
4 LеtЪ рriпt out оur itinerary. ltЪ possible that we'll
need it. MIGHT was ечеп harder, but it was чеrу satisfying.
LеtЪ print out оur itinerary. We _. А couple of evenings а wееk we 5
а lift into the
5 l'm sure Jack lived in China as а child. MUST nearest town where we could have а delicious meal оr g0
Jack as а child. dancing with other volunteers. l have to say that Рuеrtо Riсап
food might Ье the best I have ечеr tasted] We wеrеп't ready
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets and used to оr would. sometimes to leave after Мо weeks, апd our'_ home was а sad
both are possible. 0пе. Аftеr this ехреriепсе, l will печеr go 0п ап ordinary

1 We (take) at least two guidebooks оп

holiday аgаiп.

holiday, but these days l only need my smагtрhопе.

2 l _(not like) travelling Ьу train as а child -
аfrаid of the noise they made.
l was
1А must В would С had
3 Public trапsрогt (Ье) rеаllу slow when
2л croSS В miss С fly
l was уоuп9еr, but itЪ improved а lot since then.
зА guide В lеаdеr С agent
4 _(you/cycle) to work оr take the train
4А fоrwаrd В uphill С back
before you bought уоur саr?
5А used to get В wеrе getting С might have got
бА tоur В travel С jоurпеу

44
 ýу
а{чм iaq Лерllоч lеэр| lпо{ р;пом эJочм Е
а{чм a}uашош ор оl }ечм арlэор Jo
}se| оч} }е
ээuелре ur {epr;oq е ue;d о} eopl рооб е s,}l )u|ч} по{ oq 7
аЛчм a)ulч} по{ ор }ечм
,peolqe бur;lэлеl1 эJо}оq Л.l}uпоэ uMo lпоЛ ul sаэе;d
}noqe }о| е uJeo| о};о}}эq s,}I Леs a;dood эшоS I
,sчоllsэпЬ ачl Jaмsue pue
)ц/ z l
,8 эSIэJохз ч! o}!JM 6
|!ецJо ачl

,1l
П рал;оs по{
моч PUP реq r{;luэээl по{ Llэlqold е аq|lэSор ?
LJ t
г-1
LJ Sa ,JoM ,slua;ed ,ý ::,:J,iъ:т:3r"]:1: z
; 1r z{olua ||lM эчs adoq no{ Леs
pue {1ls.laлlun }е ээе;d Jач uo lоч э}е|п}е;6uоэ L
pue puaIJ1 по{ о} |lеша ue а}lJлд
,об оl lэt1
,{;1uпоэ эl}охэ ue punole эuоlр
lэц
}ueм }ou ор sluэ;ed
,{1lslалtuп
|элеl} о} o)ll р,ачs '6urz{pnls sUp}s ачs эlоJtэв
1е ээе;d е рэJэ#о uэоq sеч elIel}snv u| рuэll+ lпол

,uмо'lпо{ uo elpuI
о1 об о1 поЛ }uем },uор slua;ed lпоЛ Лqм эаs uеэ | а
,аuо|е Slled ul
)о} }ueuodr.ut 1sош Uоэuоэ е
о} об ош }а| o1slualed Лш раэulлuоэ ; 1ашшпs }sel р
sl lоч}еом lr161.1 at1l {epl;ot11o эdr{i оч} uo эрlэос . ,{1ls.lолtuп o1ul бulцаб uo suоtlе;пlе,l6uоз
,s{eprloq эsоч} э
,lацlшпs эч} ul
uo об ol a)lI a;doad u{qM 1noqe Jач}о чэеэ о} )le.]_ }lslл о} аэеld }еэ;6 е эq 1sпш elpul q
. ,s}uэрпls lо1 sdu1
,sdэls оsэчl Mollo, 's.lled ul ,uo об о1 э1l; о;dоэd pasrue6.ro Лuе эlе аJоч].}! }по pu!} p,l 'по{ а;ом }l е
Л.чI .solorld эч} le ]оо]
l
s{ep;;ot1 luaJoJ+lp моч5 ll ,аэча}чаs eJlxo эчо Sl аJечI .а-е SоэчоlчэS
ч}!м ?-;, sцеd ч)}еi.ч рче )Se} бч11;.lм ачl реэu 8
adn r!
}nd эru dlar1 поr{ ||lM i}ua} е ur 1da;slэлэu ал,|}п8 .
ёчеd э)е} о} }!} oq о} элеч no{ об о
i}!slл о} бurоб ом oJe sаэе;d бutlsa.lalul }ечм о

a(uod;re aql) шоl1 эlat1l laб

I uеэ мон aul эq }l lllм Л.rluпоэ ач} }о цеd qэlqд
:uollesJэлuo)
эчl SuB}s V luopnls Jацв Sаэче}чаs бчщо;;о} ач}
,Jэч/tчll1 ulo[ о1 no{
}о lle Jo эtлоs аsгl ра}!лч! sеч
pue '{;1чпоэ s!ч ul plJlslp a)el эч} u; бч;lе{е1
о
sаоб .lеоЛ qэеа очм 8 luopnls,о puolJr е aJ,noд
;ша;qо;d s,uешом оч} sl }ечлл t

g }uapn}S

UОl}еРОШОЭЭf
Ф
о
du1 or1l эJо}оq бututец о Ф
SuОllЭеl}}е JO[]}Q о !ч uo |алеJ} }oU Uеш эч} р!р мон z
роdsuец.
:uolluauJ рче чо!}еsJолчоэ aql чеl5 .по{
u;o[ оl Jэч/цllч al!лu! о} olll plnoм поЛ pue;1
ач} шоJ+ pualJ+ е о1 бч;l;еl аJlпод.{;1чпоэ.lпоЛ
ul lэlJlsIр a1el эч} ul бчllеЛе1 об поЛ,leo{ ч)ез
о Ф Ф
v }uaPn}S ;абе;lrл ач} о} 1эб u ешом оч} plP мон L
,э Jo g 'y'.laMsue }ээJJо)
,uollpsJэлuo) е Ле;dо;оl 's.l;ed ul ачl аSооч) pue SuollesJeлuo) аоJчl ol uals!-l
0 } жж L
 Fruit and vegetables . dеsсriЬiпg food
о collocations
l сап talk about food that l like and don't like.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

Choose the odd one out in each group. Add other items to each
list.
] You сап boil .., potatoes, e99s/ cheese, pasta.
2 You сап chop ... onions, саrrоts, fruit, salt.
3 You can fry ... an omelette, soup, salmon, bacon.
4 You can mix ... а sauce, ingгedients, spices, meat.
5 You сап slice ... honey, Ьrеаd, ham, cake.

';,,:''!- ;..]'l, i:'ujl_,i

DisCuss the questions.
'l Who is the best cook in уоur family?
2 What dishes сап уоu cook?

AN GC *, flв
C€L RITY DI€TS
Whеп l rеаd about the wеird and wacky diets of famci
celebrities, l think that Ьеiп9 iп the public еуе сап make
peop|e а bat crazy. Апd itЪ nothing пеw - mоrе than two
centuries ago, the rоmапtiс poet Lord Вуrоп wanted to Ье
5 pale and thin, so he опlу ate stale, drу biscuits, soda wаtеr
апd potatoes сочеrеd iп чiпеgаг - yuck! So sочr!
Nо wопdеr he died at the age of thirty-six!

НеrеЗ mу list of tоdауЪ top fiче strangest

celebrity diets.
10 #5 опсе, whеп Веуопсё was рrераriпg fоr а video shoot, she
went оп а detox. This involved living оп lеmоп juice, sweetened with
mарlе sуruрапd made а little less ЬIапd with сауеппе реррег. Give
that wоmап some chocolate cake!
#4 Gwyneth Paltrow, Jеппifеr Aniston and Reese Witherspoon
15 choose the Ьаьу food diet which involves eating fоurtееп jаrs of
ЬаЬу food а day, and опе Iоw-саlогiе meal of lean meat ог fish and
grееп salad.
 Lч ,Л.l1Лllепl]р plnoм эuо Лluо
| ац1
,Sulше}!л
S! SIч} Iulч} l Лluэld
+о 1аб р,поЛ рuе
4SSе|Э аЧ} Ul ПUЭШ }SJOM lO }SЭq ОЧ} SеЧ ОЧМ . 'sбц чsаlJ lo sоре]олр adlJ 'salJJaч] раJ-dээр
,UоSSэр е
рUе эSlпоэ ulelrj е loue}s е ч}lм пuош р э}lJfifi о a)I! 'sбulч} маu ft} о} поЛ абе;по)uа 1цб;ш 1alp
,Seopl UMo lпоЛ
Pue uossa| оч} шоl} SpJoM эSгl о
,роо+ бullsnбslp Jo Sпоlэl|ор ашоS
SIчl ,SJnolo] эч} +о lle 'Лрр ч}uалаS ач} uо рuр
}noqe )uIч1 . моl]аЛ'эld;пd 'абuр.lо 'uааlб ,рэl Лq pэMollo+ sl
,SeoP! чмо Jno{
рче э? s!чI iб]]rЪТПМ lo ребП ац.у\л }оu ,sа|qе}эбал
'ач 'vv ]uоls Guом ч! SpJoM ачl эsп ,ачlбеш! чеf,
no{ !еош бч;рпбs;р }sош ачl Jo sno!)!|op }sоtл эчl рuр Uпl+ э}!чм Suеаш }рч} }пq 'а}!чм Sl аuо
Jэч}!а Jo} пчэш е o}!J/v\ о1 бч;об aJe под ,, ,, , Леб ,1аам р JoJ Лер ftала Jnolo] }uэlaJJlp е Jo
lL
роо+ бul}еэ'}а!р lnolo] Лер-uалаS эч} Sэор
.uачэ}l)jпоЛ ul pU!+ | PInoM оlэчм ý еJэllпБv еul}slJч] i:lдIuподчl ди{ - Tfi
L- эsп по{ ор sэdlэоl }о pul) }ечм u| ,
L- Jo :larrold поЛ ор g 'эш!}
чэlчм
L- реq по{ эшll }sе| оч} seм uэчм z е }е SЛрр uааUпоJ JoJ SшооlчSпш MeJ ч}lм Лер
L- uо}еа.lэлэ поЛ ален L е lеэш аuо sdeмs ачs'Щsпоl]l|ар
,Jauued
,э, +о lмocl е бul{о[uа +о pea}Sul }nq '}э!р шооJчSпш
Jno{ )se чочI - зцоIS Guом tuoJ} sчо!}еэоllо) эч} ч}!м аdецs ul Sdээ) ft,lаб Лle>l z*
эle1,1do,1dde qцм sчоllsэпЬ эчl оlоldщоэ о L
,Jэмsче
,рооб оо} 'рооб a}se} SaIloo] Slч
}оu }nq
Pue )Se чэчд,lsоd боlq эrlr ul sо;dшеха рач!|Jэрчп элеш о} lп+эlе] SeM'}а]0 a|looJ ач} +о lо}uалul
ОЧl Ч}!М Э? зUоIS GUом оlа;dшоз SSý&ý 6 эч}'lеба|S J0 ,do} uo а}е|о]оч] )lIm ч}!м SUn]SIq
Лqэuпlэ 'snol]llap }оu aJe аsач} }п8 ,s}ln]slq
Suоl}еэо|lоэ э? ]UоIS сцом XlS алрч по{'slэеus рuе ч]Uп| '}SeJ)ealq
0z

+о рра}Sul - uпJ аlош S! шr}а!0 alloof ач}

,шll+ SлuIч} цр"ýрпн Jэllччэ[JабчIS чеf
PUe а}!чм оч ol шэч}
lаlэld ; ,
ооl эlе }еч} SeUeueq э)!l l,UoP l д
,аш lo} оо}
,.lебоulл
s,+; }о }о| е Sеч бulssa.lp оч} +l р.jlr.з],uз-] 9
,чSl+

бulleo eapl ач} а]!| },uop ,lчsпs

+о | рэlJ} lэлоu ол,| ý
,Spl!q
эч} роа+ эм,реэlq _ .Pll !l "^lfЧ t
оо} sl ао#оэ бuo.rls ro a}se} эчt
"*.,or3;;L,
,э}е|оэочэ
+о
шеоJэ аэl Sэло|
Е
рuе
t l
Д;;е;пэlреd aqs : бulqv{ue So)l| рuэlJ+ Лш z
,роо} lэlа;d ; }nq бur.loq s,}l моu1 l
,ош lо+ r{эrds оо} э.lе Sэlllпэ uelPUI
Pue lеч1 L

дпоЛ
-
anJl эJе sеэчаlчаS .g?
Jo+ W!чм эUоtS GUом l,uoJ}
ол;рэ[ре o1elldo.1dde че ч}!м so)ualuas эr1l оtа;dшоэ 8
,leada; .}sod боlq orlr ч! poJ ч!
рчв л)ач) 'uolsl; чэчI
sол;ра[ре эчr чr!м 8f зUоIs GUом аlэ;drчоз W L sбl} эl1.1еб чlоэlэамs
роо+ бulquэsэq Е? ]цоtS сuом }ооl}аоq lпчоэо) эlddeould
sau16.1oqne Joмol}!|neэ }1n,lдode.lб
Lац!l 9 l v
э]5е] {aqa ор +ечд\ ,Luач] рачl )ала aл,l >/u.lч] ],uop / :а qэечlds ч;>;dшпd SачS!реJ
раl }поq9 wчм'sэqslре.l o)l/ l,uop l :v абеqqеэ S}оJJеэ s.laddod l111r.;э
elsll ч)ео ol рре SореэолЕ slоэ1,1dе salJJaч)
поЛ чеэ srлоl! Jачlо rечм,.lэчцеd ;поЛ чl!м а.lеdlчоэ ра-, 1
',S!Ч} PalJl JаАЭU OA,l, = | ,Л.lеssоэач
д1 Л.lечоllэlр.lпоЛ ul sбч;чеаш ))очэ
,S!Чl O)!l },UOP l, = Х spoo+ to }s!l ч)еа о1 бчlреоч Jnolo) }ээJJо) ачl
,S!чl э]!l l, = / ppv ,}а!р Jnolo) aql бч!ор a.le по{ эчlбеrч;
:sмollo+ se
V' ]UOIS GUОМ U! StUa}! ЭЧl )JвlД .:,,,1.1r ;;,":,,:..
l .. 9 ,6ul;eadde
}seaI ar.{} о
,1еэdа.l pue
лэочэ 'ча}s!| чачl
., оsIэJахэ ч! spJoм ОР Ol }SЭlSеО aL|} о
бul;eadde lsol.tl or,]}
оЧl Ч}!м V' ]uоts оUом ul solor.ld эчl чэlеtд о
W 9
:s! )ч!чl поЛ 1а;р
sаlqеlабал рuе }!пlз V? зuоts (Iuом {1;,lqэ;аэ чэ!чм ssпэs!р pue 1sod бо;q arlr рЕэц Е
 4 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Match the rules with the
examples in Exercise 3. Use опе of the examples twice.
Futurе {оrms
f *-*s: tл,jf; *&*** t&* Ёа;*ыл*
,",jg.l{}
J#
{т iL.g :г:а,_' ".xi"ri:'Lrc, f";}гg-};*, Fа,сt*r* $*гryt*
* You use the Present Simple to talk about а fixed future event on
а timetable, а schedule оr а рrоgrаmmе. 1 5
1 i:i' ;1- Read about the best restaurant
li,l. 1,,.,,i:r u you use the present continuous to talk about а futurе
experiences in London. Which опе would you аrrапgеmепt. You often mention а time, а date ог а place .'_
most like to visit and why? u You use Ье going to to talk about а future intention -
something you have аlгеаdу decided to do З_
оr а future prediction based on what you сап see оr what you
know. а_
" You use willlwont to talk about а spontaneous decision when
Gircus reýtaurant you rеасt to circumstances 5_
оr а futurе prediction based оп уоur opinion. 6_
As you dine, реrfоrmеrs entertain you.
lnamo * You use shall (NOT wф fоr оffеrs and suggestions. 7_
You place your order via а 3D mепu and you
Note: When you talk about the futurе, you use the рrеsепt tense
choose а virtual tablecloth. you can ечеп order after the conjunctions if, when, as soon as, un/ess, before and
а taxi home from your table.
after.8_
Pitch black
you eat in the dark and the wa]ters аrе blind.
5 Complete the messages with appropriate future forms of the
They don't tell you what you're eating. verbs iп brackets.
oblix iп The ýhard Hi. l'm out of the theatre.
You get the best view in London from the thirty-
second floor of The shard. How was it?

Brilliant. You must see it and it's selling out fast.

lknow.l'vealreadydecidedl'-(get)ticketstomorrow.
You can go with Мах and Jеппу - they (go) next Thursday.

Oh right. l3 (call) Мах. Anyway, let's do something поw.

4 (l/come) and meet you?

Yes,okay.|u-(go)andwaitforyouinthecafёnexttothe
theatre. Нurry uр - l thlnk it u_ (close) at 11 o'clock.

Right. l? (be)there in twenty minutes.

6 Complete the sentences with appropriate future forms of the

verbs in brackets. Then rewrite them to make them true for you.
1 Му local shop (ореп) at б а.m. tоmоrrоw.
2 l've decided that l (stop) eating meat.
3 l'm rеаllу hungry so when l_ (get) home from school,
w Listen to charlie and Lianne. which
|_(have)asnack.
restaurant is Charlie going to, and which опе
is Lianne going to? 4 ltЪ my Ьiгthdау on Saturday and l (meet up) with
my friends fоr а pizza.
Ж Listen again and choose the correct 5 l think supermarkets (disappear) as mоrе people
future form. shop online.
1 Аrе you doing anything special? Will / Sha//
6 l don't feel very well. l think | _ (Ье) sickl

l оrgапisе something?
7 '.'1l]'"]ii;]iIl,i.:l, .' Talk about the things below.
2 l'll go / l'm gоiпg there with my mum and
'l Yоur plans оr intentions for this evening.
dad next week.
3 l'm eating / l'm gоiпg to eat as muсh as 2 Ап аrrапgеmепt you've made fоr the weekend.

possible because my parents аrе paying. 3 ldeas оr plans you have fоr уоur next holiday.
4 Soon you can't / wоп't Ье аЬlе to go to
а rеstаurапt without having ап ехреriепсе! &fu*аз* €**d
5 lt open s / will ореп at 6:З0.
6 ltЪ а Saturday night so it is / it's going to Ье ýý Watch the Focus Vlog. Fоr the worksheet, go to
page 12З.
crowded.
7 l'll message / l'm messaging you as soon as
l leave / l'll leave the theatre.

48
 бч

,.roбeuaa1 е ашеэоq
очs/эч uачм робuеrlэ з
,ээпроld uеэuеlJэ}!роlл uo paseq sl
G
,sбurql
}эомs +о s}o| орп|эul о} pasn э
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},usaop g
,аэпро;d
|еэоl чsаJ} uо рэsеq sl
V
", ralp 1;aleeds or11

П ,и.raleod5 О ,Е lаlеэd5 П ,z -laleэd5

П ,l .lo1ead5
{\
l оlешо} SaulPJeS
eJlxo эчо sl аJачl .r_L sJa]eads r;l1M з-v stuotu.tЁ:;:i;fi
,slэ!р J!ач}
аэпцэ| **611*J
;

lnoqe бull;e1 a;doad Jno, ol uals!-l Ж v

|_orerod
,1eada.l
рчв ]эач) 'u"tri
чочI ,6 аsl)lэхз ul dno.1б 1эо.1.1оэ oq}
ol xoq оч} ч! SPJoM ачr PPV alle }е uolluotu lou очs saop 1sal +а!с lqцеец ац1
Щl о l чl lчешо}еls р!чм,а)!лре бчlлlб lsluolllJ}nu е ol uals!-I Wffi Е
qэжurds абеqqеэ 9
ор*эоле eu*ueq , ,Дt4.,t;oot1
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l,
Дш puo uиs Лш - llолл
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jdмо77цПOЭ эбuе;* аэJ+Фэ L
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,spJoм аq}
leadoJ рче uals!] FIЕI]D 6
Jo Л+uо|d олоч | - llолл lool | Ф
,Iоо/ц D sошl+ ооlч+ Uоч+
ýг}}* j ý\j*lдYlэ ru ft I\ý *н*
оJош +оош pol +оо +,uор l
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G}
1
,s/ealu uaaм]aq
)эеus 1эrпЬ е алеч ua#o /
П
,]а/р
ý
,>1еопл
роэuеlеq fuол е алеч t 4u!ч1 l о оэuо +soo| +D чsц +оо l
'ЭS|е+ Sl ОЭUа}UЭS SSЭП!
ЧЭlЧМ о
,lаuцеd е sаэuо}uаs;поЛ deM5
ч}lм о ,pooJ
,/ аSlэlэхf ul Suоllрэо||оэ ач} чSоlJ
арпlэUl рuе
ny,l Jo ",/ чllм sээuо}uэs.lпо{ ulбag
la Jo SpUP1 +Uojo#!p Jo Л+оuDл о
.
,роо+ о} эрп}|}}е;по{
аqllэsэр о} эuо +оо l -+olp роэUDlоq о олDч l О
aS|P+ aUO PUe SОЭUа}UаS OnJ} ОаJЧ} Э}lJfifi о
,sOu;t;l
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по{ ;;ам моч lno рч!, ol бчlоб aJe под 8 o)4|l l - Дssп; lo +|пэшр +oU шо l G)
,1eade.l
рче ]эач] 'uolsl; чачI
.)эеu5
рче .- ,(s>lul)p puo s+оэ/цs u| ,0,о)
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loOns чэпцJ оо+ +оо +,uop l
l lлhl l l ллl lлл
ý}
l

чI suo!}e)o|lo) эt1l эlа;dшоэ

W?t L
Suоl}еэоl]оэ с? эuоrs Guом ,(pool
+soJ puo sdsuэ u1
,+еац.l +|os чэпш оо+ +оэ +,Uop I l}
элоl lle z{aq] аsпеэаq't{рtuеl ltu р ]SaJ ач]
se sбurq] а(лрs ач] s]ea Jалаu at75 .slqбl"l
!ешше spoddns рuе uебал е s/ "ta;srs z{lл1

,spua!J} pue Л;lшед.lпо{

}поqе 9 аs!эJэхf
u! Suollsanb ar1l sSn)SlG llJl-;i:li.|,],:.l, j-; 9 ,.louyed е
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а1llполе} Jач/Slч 1еч1 Pasl|eol Sеч очм 9 ,slolp Лr1l;еаqчп .lo {r1l;еоч мочý Лaql
П ;slэпроld |ешluе оsп l,usэор очм 9
Jачlочм ар!)эр Pue lашва| эчr ч! soloqd ачl le Ioo-I tll;,l;i],ii'у;li,,ii:; L
П ;Л;rшеl Jэч/slч
se бul11} эшеs оч} s}eo {;эlе; очм у
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 5 |,iil,;,,. ' i,,t.,l(-,. Discuss whether you would consider

eating or working iп опе of The Real Junk Food

Open-ended questions саfбs. Give reasons for уочr апswеr.
l сап ideпti{y the key information
in ап exteпded artjcle.
WORD STORE 4Е collocations
6 W Complete WORD STORE 4Е with the
examples in Ьlче in the article. Тhеп listen, check and
repeat.
Read UK TODAY and discuss the
7 i.il]li: ,1l,.,iliii,l Complete the questions with an

appropriate почп frоm WORD STORE 4Е. Тhеп

discuss them with а partner.
'lHave уоu еvеr thought about working in the
voluntary _?
2 Would you eat anything that was past its sell-by

З Do you do anything at home to rесусlе household

о ].3Ьп of food is thгоwп away each уеаr
4 W""ld y.nikJ.;ob in the catering _?
f,

о 71 регсепt of food waste comes fгоm households. 5 Cou|d you do anything at school to reduce energy
-1
о N/оге than 50 регсепt of househo[d food waste cou[d
have Ьееп eaten.
6 Аrе you wоrriеd that food waste has rеасhеd rесоrd
?
. Аvеrа8е UK household [oses Е470 регуеаг due to
avoidab[e food waste. rEilZl The article talks аЬочt reducing leftovers.
-1 to three people talking about their favourite
Listen
о 32 регсепt of сhi[dгеп геgulагtу skip Ьгеаkfаst Ьеfоге
leftovers recipes. Answer the questions:
school.
1 What is the main ingredient in all thrее?
2 Have you еvеr made any of these dishes?
1;j,Ёltli.,ll $,i li,l;;i Read the title of the article, look at the 3 Which rесiре do you like best?
photos and discuss what you think it's about. Тhеп
read the article and check your ideas.
flEjl7l Use the words iп the Ьох to complete the
instructions for the first recipe in Exercise 8. Тhеп
Match headings a-f with paragraphs 1-4 in the put the instructions in the соrrесt o,rder. Listen again
article. There аrе two extra headings. and check.
а Everyone is welcome in The Real Junk Food саfбs. boil сhор mix put slice]
I рочr
Ь Food past its sell-by date is consumed Ьу animals. Lt
с Children аrе taught how to make positive changes at Bread and butter pudding
home. аHeat some milk in а small рап. Don't boil it. п
d Опе mапЪ mission is to end food waste Ьу feeding Ь_ the slices of Ьrеаd and Ьuttеr in а dish
people, not bins. with some driеd fruit. гl
ll

е Food served in The Real Junk Food саfёs is checked с_ up some ripe bananas and put them in
Ьу officials. the dish. LJ
f А healthy Australian diet and lifestyle is the best d_ the stale Ьrеаd and put butter on it. гil
solution. е_ thrее e99s and thrее lаrgе spoons of
sugаr with the wаrm milk. ;
f_ the mixture очеr the Ьrеаd and fruit and

4 Read the article again and answer questions 1-5.

cook in the очеп fоr foгty-five minutes. п
1 How did Adam Smith get the idea to set up Тhе Real 10 ] Discuss the questions.
Junk Food Project? 1 What happens to leftovers in уоur home?
2 What is the point of selling meals оп а pay-as-you- 2 What could уоur fami|y, уоur school оr уоur country
feel basis? do to cut down on food waste?
3 what kind of wоrk сап чоluпtееrs do fоr The Real \rVe don't hаче а lot of /еftочеrs iп mу home. lf thеrе аrе
Junk Food Рrоjесt? апу, mу Ьrоthеr апd his friends eat them.
4 How can customers Ье surе that itъ safe to eat at
The Real Junk Food саfёs?
5 what does the Fuel fоr school initiative teach
children about food?

50
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 3 Look at tоmоrrоwЪ schedule at Cook Camp.
Choose the correct option.
Future continuous and Futurе per{ect 1 At б a.m. thеу'll@GЙЙУ have got up.
f g*п el*e flэе Fа"ltыrя Pgrfect апd 2 Ву 9 a.m. they'll Ье Ьауе had their
#сэrтtя${;онs t* tafk afugrяt futшrе *сti*rts. breakfast.
3 lп the morning they won't Ье working / have
worked in the kitchen.
4 Ву З р.r. they'll Ье fiпishiпg / have finished
'l Look at the photo and read the advert. Тhеп
ffiШffi",.$"f,'ifiЁч,Нffi
lunch.
discuss the questions.
5 ln the afternoon they'll Ье cooking / have cooked
1 Would you like to go to Cook Camp? Whу?ДNhу not? in the kitchen.
2 How many things listed in the аdчегt can you make? 6 Ву 'l1 p.m. they'll Ье rеаdу for bed. They will
3 Which dishes would you like to |еаrп how to make? Ье having / have had а busy day!

Cook Саmр day 1

6 а.m. get up, breakfast

9 а.m. field work: planting, gardening

12 р.m. lunch

ln а few years, уоu will have graduated from school and will З р.m. kitchen basics: chopping, peeling,
Ье living in а student house with other people уоur age. cleaning; talk Ьу а guest speaker

} wlbu yоu KNow How то FЕЕD yOuгtsELF? 6 р.m. dinner

At Cook Саmр we believe that basic cooking skil|s are ап
important life skill but mапу young people will Ье leaving 9 р.m. film оr games
school and home without them.

} _lorm оUв wЕЕкЕNЕf соок сАмр Now 11 р.m. bed

Ву the end of the weekend, you'|l have learnt how to make:

а pasta sаuсе vegetable soup pizza cakes апd biscuits Write уочr schedule for tomorrow. Use the
three chfcken dbhes ап apple pie апd mчсh, much mаrе! Future Continuous.
At 7 а.m. l'll Ье having Ьrеаk{аst.
2 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and underline examples of ,']' . ., Ask
each other аЬочt уочr schedules
,.
the Future Continuous and Future Perfect iп Exercise 1.
for tomorrow. How similar or different are they?
А: Will you Ье having breakfast at 7 а.m.?
В: No, lwоп't, l'll Ье ...
Fr*tжr* С*пtýпш*жs *r:d Гutur* Рgr{*сt
Use the prompts to write about things you will
* you use the Fчtчrе continuous to talk about lопgег
or wont hауе done Ьу the end of today.
unfinished actions in рrоgrеss at а time in the future.
lп а few years, you wiýý Ь* fiчrirTg in а student house.
Ву the end oftoday ...
'l eat/pieces of fruit
Fчtчrе Continuous: will + Ье + -iпg Ву the end of the day, |'ll have еаtеп three оr
/'fJ Ье иrоrkfлg. four piece s of fruit.

She w**зt fue иr*rfuirтg.

2 drink/water 6 9о into/shops
3 cook/meals 7 spend/money
\Nitl they Ье rwсэrkfгзg?
4 receive/text messages 8 do/homework
Yеs, they w;if./No, they vъя*rт't.
5 speak to/people
you use the Fчtчrе perfect to talk about ап action that will
Ье completed Ьеfоrе а сегtаiп time iп the futurе. 7 Use the prompts iп Exercise б to make questions
Ву 9 а,m. they'ýýfuaye ýrad their breakfast. with уоч.
Fчtчrе Perfect: will + hаvе + past participle 1 How mапу pieces of frчit will you have еаtеп Ьу
the end of the day?
You' ýý fT*y* fýс}ýfзg#.
Не wgrз'Ё $з*уе ffпяs&е#. 8 ltэ;l'ilдi-],i|r;l",! Дsk and answer the questions in
Exercise 7.
Wýýt they fu*y* finj**Ted?
Yes, they wiýý./Nо, they эм*rэ't.

52
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,sбel uolрanb
1о aбuel е asn uФ l
sýe} uоr}ssпо
 А fоrmаl егr:аil askinE fоr
i rlfоrгпаtiоп and clari{ication
l сап write а formal email to
request iпfоrmаtiоп.

\Ma*rilvttcr
- bchool of Сооkеrу
Dear Miss Read, i
ý,

you
We аrе delighted to iпfоrm you that
have wоп first prize in our'ldeal School
Meals Competition', The mепu you
suggested rерrеsепts ап ideal combination
prize
of healthy and exciting food, Yоur
is а place on опе of оur'Тееп Cuisine'
weekend cookery соursеs fоr tеепаgеrs
Fоr
at the [\Лапсhеstеr School of Сооkеrу,
Diane
mоrе iпfоrmаtiоп, please contact
Walsh at d_walsh@cookeryschool, соm
ж
],ж
l;1g] and include details of апу cookery
сап
ехреriепсе уоu may have so that we
place you in the соrrесt grоuр,

..,.,..,'l,,,::1.1:ii,:l

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ý}ýýýrýýýýll,,,,.,.l,,,::'l,':,'.',.,.l'.l,,,.,, . ]l : ],i l.]li
-:,]]. ,.:]]l l]] ;:]']i]:l:]:lj

Read the letter. ls it formal оr informal? Think of three questions you 3 Parts of Mia's email are too informal.
would ask about the prize mentioned in the letter. Match the words in purple in the
email with the mоrе suitable formal
Read МiаЪ reply. Does she ask апу of your questions in Exercise 1?
alternatives below.
1 equipment -
lHi Diane, 2 informing - _
з would like -
Thanks fоr уоur letter telling me that l have won the competition. 4 а number of -
2|'m very happy and l 3can't wait fоr
the'Teen Cuisine'experience. l am 5 Thank you -
ОgеЦi!g_!дlgцф to ask fоr mоrе information about the course. l have 6 pleased -
lots of questions that l want to ask. Replace the underlined phrases
in the email with the more formal
First, what аrе the dates and times of the next course? Also, do l need
alternatives below.
to bring anything with me? l do not have mу own specia[ c[othing оr
kitchen stuff.
а ... U
l hope to hеаr frоm you
Ь lam ... U
You asked about сооkеrу ехреriепсе and in fact, l have пеvеr done а с could you clarify ...? tJ
cookery соursе Ьеfоrе. Howevel we did have some сооkеrу [essons at d Dеаr Ms Walsh, Ш
school and l do quite а [ot of cooking at home. Yоu mentioned ptacing
е contacting you ... U
f l am looking fомаrd to il
me in the соrrесt grоuр, but 5уоu didn't say which leve[s аrе availab[e.

Thank you once again fоr choosing my menu as the wiппеr.6Writе back
and answer mу questions soon.

Yours sincere[y,

Mia Read

54
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1 jii'I.Дiг;.11rj{i1
lmagine уоч are in Mario's
restaurant. Look at the lunch mепч. What would
you choose? What questions would you ask?

",.d

м алЬ' S hлпrd^" vиJе,у|*

'J, ;,
:

tli, l l,i
гql:l]t t"+
$ii Ёr:lo;сS
а Сап l оrdе1 please?
М"Ь c.ott.Бo Ь Do you have any чеgеtаriап dishes?
Pizza Маrghегitа Магiо Special Pasta с Can l have chips with that?
СhееsеЬuгgеr and chips Soup of the day d Could l have the bill, please?
Магiо Specia1 Satad ,/fub;ll*+,: ]ii],,,
:::,,:.it,,ililд,l;i';lцт1 о',,ыfrtfu lг"r,r.$iг*,с:*;
щu"t**tfr+зглl*
е Can you tell me what the soup is?
Ь"ьмr* f Can you tell me what the Маriо Special Salad is?
Chocolate mOus5е 9 Do you know what the pasta sauce is?
Fгuit salad and ice сгеаm h l'd like to know if there аrе onions in it.
cheese and biscuits
SWTЛ Listen to the end of the conversation. Why does
the waiter change his attitude to Alex?

СýýW Listen to а conversation between Alex 5"j Write indirect questions using the question
and а waiter. What are the problems? What beginnings in Ыackets. Тhеп ask and апswеr the questions.
solution do they find? 1 WhаtЪ уоur favourite fruit? (Сап you tell me ...)
2 WhеrеЪ ап ltalian геstаurапt пеаr уоur house? (Do you know ...)
Ж Complete the conversation with phrases
3 ls thеrе anything you don't eat? (|'d like to know ...)
iп the SPEAKING FОСUS. Listen again and check.
4 Аrе you а good cook? (l'd like to know ...)
Alex: Excuse me - '_? 5 Whеrе сап l get the best ice сrеаm? (Сап you tell me ...)
Waiter: Сегtаiпlу. What сап l get you? 6 WhоЪ the fussiest еаtеr you know? (Could you tell me ...)
Alex: '_
Waiter: Surе. ltЪ а salad with lettuce, rеd рерреrs Follow the instructions below to рrераrе а restaurant
and chicken. diaIogue. Use the SPEAKING FОСUS and phrases in the
Alex: oh. з dialogue in Exercise 3 to help you.
Waiter: Vеgеtаriап? What about pasta? student А: you аrе а customer in а restaurant. yоu'rе а
Alex: vegetarian and уоu'rе allergic to eggs and mushrooms, You
waiter: yes, itъ а delicious salmon sauce. don't like рерреrs vеry muсh. Ask the waiter for information
Alex: Oh, l don't eat fish. about: pizza, pasta, soup and saIad. Explain why you can't eat
Waiter: You don't eat fish? Сап l suggest а very some dishes.
good vegetarian rеstаurапt, just five
ýtudent В: You аrе а waiter. Take Student АЪ оrdеr.
minutes frоm hеrе?
Апswеr Student АЪ questions about the dishes and make
Alex: No, itЪ ОК. 5
suggestions.
Waiter: Ah, itЪ vegetable soup today! Would you
о pizza: hаm, e99s, tomatoes, cheese
like the soup?
о pasta: рrаwп sauce
Alex: Еr maybe. But fiгst 6
Waiter: Yes, itЪ а vegetable soup. Тhеrе аrе onions
. soup: mushrооm
in it. ls that а рrоЬlеm?
. salad: chicken, grееп beans, lettuce, рерреrs
Alex: Yes, l'm sогrу, but l'm аllеrgiс to onions. ]ilil"ti:r;i iцiii,ji".l Practise the dialogue and act it out. Take it in
Waiter; Right. How about the salad without chicken? turns to Ье А and В.
Alex: Yes, salad sounds good. '_
Waiter: Yes, of соursе. ls that everything?
'
* -,
Alex: Yes, thanks. '|,
,

;@Зj Watch the video and practise. Then role-play

Waiter: Would you like to see the dessert menu? 'уочr dialogue.
Alex: No thanks. 8 ii''U.ar,,r*r-o,,rrr,
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letter of еасh adjective is given. 1 Х: Tom is going to come to оur diппеr рагtу, _?
1 Eating r_ meat is not safe. Always make Y НеЪ hoping to, but itЪ possible he'll have to wоrk
sure that it is cooked all the way through. instead.
2 lfind s water mоrе refreshing than А won'the В isn't he С will he
поrmаl wаtеr in hot wеаthеr. 2Х. Have you got апу vegetarian dishes?
3 We always use w_ bread fоr sandwiches Y
because it is tastier than white bread. А ls that everything, Madam?
4 l hate the Ь taste of coffee. l always В Could you tell mе what vegetarian is?
drink it with milk. С How about pasta with vegetable sauce?
5 You don't have to use fresh tomatoes to рrераrе this 3Х: Ugh! These biscuits аrе not soft and they taste old!
dish. ltъ ок to use t опеS. Y ТhеrеЪ nothing worse than _ biscuits, is there?
6 The apples on оur tree аrе still ч So We А stale В сгuпсhу С sliced
hаче to wait а couple of weeks Ьеfоrе we сап eat them. 4Х: what time is it?
Y 7 o'clock, Тоmоrrоw at 7 o'clock we _ sushi iп а
Complete the sentences with the phrases in the Ьох. Japanese restaurant. I can't wait.
(\ А will hаче В will Ье having С will have had
Ifattening food ground рерреr hчmап consumption
industry vegetarian diet
i
5Х: You haven'ttold Sam aboutthe рагtу, _? lwant
{tourist J it to Ье а surрrisе.
i O"''"ue that ]f food is not safe fоr _ ,
Y l promise to keep quiet about it.
'
animals shouldn't eat it either. А will you В do you С have you
2 Because the is growing in оur town, mапу бХ:_
new restaurants аге opening. Y Suге. What сап l get for you?
3 l rеаllу enjoy like chips and cakes, but l'm А Can l оrdеr please?
trying to make healthier choices. в can l have fries with that?
4 Following а _ сап have а positive impact С Could l have the bill please?
on уоur health.
5 Freshly has а lot of flavour and l love it
Choose the word or phrase, А, В оr С, that has
in soups. а similar meaning to the underlined words and
completes the second sentence.
Complete the sentences with will/won't, going to, the 'l l have made а promise to myself not to eat апу sweets.
Present Сопtiпчочs or Present Simple form of the verbs l have promised myself that l _ апу sweets.
iп brackets. А don't eat В am not going to eat С shall not eat
1 don't think l _
l (bake) а cake fоr КаtеЪ 2 This уоguгt has Ьееп in the fridge for days, so could
Ьiгthdау after all - itЪ better to Ьuу one. you check if we can still eat it?
2 The local shops _ (close) at five, so if you This уоguгt has been in the fridge fоr days, so could
need anything you should go now. you check its _ date?
3 We (eat) dinner at that new restaurant А sel|-by В used С best
tоmогrоw evening. l've just made the rеsегчаtiоп. 3 То have а healthy diet with all the nutritious elements,
4 lt's too heavy fоr you! l _ (help) you саrry it! you must include all of the food groups.
5 We (have) some friends очеr for diппеr То have а _ diet, you must include all of the food
next weekend. Would you like to come? 9rоuрS.
6 l am glad we аrе going to the cooking class together А rеgulаr В lean с balanced
next week (l/pick you up) at ten? 4 Excuse me. |'d like to kпоw what tоdауЪ special is,
please.
4 Complete the sentences with the Fчtчrе Continuous Excuse me. _ what tоdауЪ special is, please?
оr Future-perfect form of the verbs iп brackets. А Could you tell me В Сап you know
1 LеtЪ make а simple chocolate cake. l promise we С Do you tell me
(finish) baking Ьу 12 o'clock. 5 Next month will mark five уеаrs that Pam has worked
2 _(you/use) this knife? lf not, please wash at оur restaurant.
it and put it in the drаwеr. Next month Pam _ at оur rеstаurапt fоr five уеаrs.
3 Тоmоrrоw at В o'clock we _ (watch) А will wоrk В has Ьееп working
а cooking competition. ltЪ the final episode. с will have worked
4 _(Jоhп/ореп) his own nutrition clinic Ьу
the end of the уеаr?
5 The cakes in this bakery аrе чеry рорulаr. l'm surе
they _ (sell out) Ьу lunchtime.

58
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l сап talk аЬочt geographical features and

ocean5.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

l

|1 Choose the odd опе очt in each 9rочр and explain why.
', 1 Сурrus Munich Naples
2 the Himalayas the Nile the Руrепееs
3 Аfriса China Еurоре
4 the Atlantic the pacific the sahara
5 the Mediterranean Niаgаrа the Baltic
1 Сурrus is the odd опе out because it js ап is/and. Мuпiсh апd
Nap/es аrе cities.

List the ten geographical categories you used in Exercise 1.

Choose five of the categories and add one more example to
each опе.
is/ands, cities ,..

Аrоuпd 70 percent of the EarthЪ sиlfасе is

соvеrеd Ьу осеапs, Вчt how muсh do you kпоw
about the mysteries hidden uпdеr the surtace?

1 The sea is blue because it reflects the соlоur of

the sky.
2 Winding rivers with strong сurrепts exist deep
uпdеr the осеап.
3 The blue whale is the largest апimаl kпоwп to
have еvеr existed.
4 Most volcanic eruptions аrе underwater.
5 The Pacific Ocean was named аftеr the реrsоп
who discovered it.
6 Humpback whales live al| уеаr round iп the
calm seas аrоuпd Hawaii.
Ж 7 ltЪ impossible to surf huge waves of очеr twenty
metres high.
8 Тrrе longest mountain rапgе iп the world is found
uпdеrwаtеr.
9 The Great Ваrriеr Reef is composed of 9ОО
tropical islands and сап Ье seen from the mооп.
10 The difference in the depth of wаtеr between
low tide and high tide сап Ье up to sixteen
metres.
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"G W

ffi
 3 W Read and complete the text with а,
the оr а ho article). Тhеп listen and check.
Articles: по artic!e, а/ап оr the What has Jack Ng invented and why?
f **g"а *cs* *&* #'*flЁ*я**, :яз#*f,тэс** **#
с*а{э *r*f*ý{э" Vегtiсаl farms iп Siпgароrе
1 тhе biggest рroЬlеm that megacities have is how

l, i , ]:" i,.:, , Discuss questions 1-3. Then read the text and
to provide '_food '_ and wаtеr fоr their
О_
inhabitants but опе small соuпtrу mау have found
check your ideas. u_
solution. Singapore is tiny соuпtrу which is famous
1 What was the world population 1900? What is it now? for'_ iппоvаtiоп but has чеrу little space to grоw
What will it Ье in 2050? '_food.n_ Fогtuпаtеlу, '_ чегtiсаl fагm invented
2 What is the biggest change in whеrе people Ьу Jack Ng, fаrmеr, does not need much space
З What аrе 'megacities'? at all. At the mоmепt, 'О_
different kinds of vegetable but thеrе аrе 11_ plans to
fаrm only рrоduсеs а few

The world's grоwiпg рrоЬlеm expand рrоduсtiоп to include mоrе. Perhaps iп the future
Jack Ng's invention wi|l help feed 12_ wоrld|
& f*г::*q:* х*",i*rзti*t said rесепtlу - cities with mоrе thап 10 million
that there's *. *г**qJiýj# ilг**ý*lт: inhabitants - and Ьу 20З0 the United
iп the world, and tý]* рrrihý*;* is Nations predicts the total wilI Ье fоrtу-
people - thеrе аrе just too mапу of опе, Megacities аrе mоrе соmmоп in
5 uS! Весаusе of есопоmiс growth, zo Asia, раrtiсulаrlу iп lndia and China,
food has improved, healthcare has Тt:* iэigg**t megacity is still Т*kу*
improved and $i**pi* аrе living with а population of З8,140,000.
lопgеr. Duriпg the twentieth сепturу,
,ь*j*гi*j
the population of th* grеw frоm
4 Cross out the if it is incorrect iп these general
lo 1.65 billion to б Ьilliоп, Today it is 7,6
statements about а country.
billion апd Ьу 2050 it is predicted to
rеасh 9.7 billion. Fоr the first time 1 Тh€ рочегtу doesn't exist.
iп histоrу, mOге people live in cities 2 The cheapest fоrm of public trапsрогt is the bus,
than iп the соuпtrуsidе. Across the 3 The food is mainly sold in big supermarkets.
rs globe thеrе аrе thirty-one megacities 4 The education and the hеаlthсаrе аrе frее.
5 Тhе capital city is located in the centre of the
2 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Complete the examples iп the country.
table using the phrases iп blue in the text. Discuss whether the statements
iп Exercise 4 are true for уочr country.
Rewrite them to make them all true.
&гtý*ý*g
Complete the questions with at ап
No article
or the. Then ask each other the questions.
* You don't use агtiс|еs to talk about things in gепеrаl.
1 Do you live in the countryside?
# &**ft***r* has imрrоvеd апd 1а people аrе living lопgеr.
* you don't use агtiсlеs with continents, соuпtriеs оr cities. 2 Have уоu еvеr been to _ UK?
3 Did you have snack this mоrпiпg?
Exceptions: Ihе United States, The United Kingdom, 4 Would you like to Ье fаrmеr?
The lVethe rlапds
5 Аrе уоu _ oldest student in
class?
lndefinite article a,/an
* You use a/an to talk about something fоr the first time when it Complete the sentences to make them true
means'опе of mапу'. for you.
Тhеrе is з ,.. (thеrе аrе mапу problems) 1 Му father is _ job).
* Yоu use a/an with jobs. said recently .,, 2 l've пеvеr been to _
(а
(а continent).
Definite article the З l'd like to visit _ (а соuпtrу).
* You use the when the thing уоu аrе talking about has аlrеаdу 4 _ (а city) is _ (а superlative
ьееп mentioned. adjective) city in the wоrld.
Тhеrе3 а grоwiпg рrоЬЪ:..'п rП" wоrld, апd 5 _ (а рrоЬlеm) is/аrе а big рrоЬlеm
in my country.
- You ,.,* tb *b"n th" thin9 you аrе taIking about is known оr is
'the опlу опе'. *жt t*ъ* gg"зvýr*rтrтъеret
*j,:* р*аря.э$**;*gэ of 6_... in t&* *:**rэ*rу*ý#*
&fu

* You use the with historical periods, superlative adjectives and &ý Watch the Focus Vlog. Fоr the
оrdiпаl numbers. worksheet, 9о to page 125.
Duringtfo**ьv***Ё**fu**gз**ry...7-megacitуissti//
Tokyo ...

62
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r$r
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1еэrdr{1 е }ou ёJuашuоlиuа
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РЖ: v аэlочэ а;dll;пlд
 5 $Щffi&Жf;Р-^lffi Describe а time when you had an
unexpected епсочпtеr with an anima|. What happened?
Multiple choice
6 m Complete the lists using the words in blue in
l сап understand ап ехtrасt from а the texts. Тhеп listen, check and repeat.
trayel boak апd some survivаI adyfce.
Places:
1aclearing 2apath Заропd 4asp_
'l 5atr_
Imagine уоч аrе camping in а
ffiЁ}Ж&fi{frffiffi
Trees:
mountainous оr forested region in your country.
1Ьr_ 2leaves 3roots 4atrunk
1 Which of the following might Ье а рrоЬlеm?
r\ Animals:
Iants bears bees bulls mosquitoes 1аЬ_ 2afox 3ahedgehog 4ask_
}nakes wolves
i

J 5 а squirrel

2 Which of the following might Ье useful? Hunting:

1арrеdаtоr 2оr
["а
backpack flashlight insect repellent
а

|
а sharp knife nail clippers pepper spray 7 Complete the email with words iп Exercise 6.
[ а sleeping Ьа9 sчпsсrееп

3 What other potential problems оr useful items can We had а great weekend. We went camping in the forest.
you think of? During the day we hiked а 1 through the forest. We
found а love[y'_in the trees for а picnic. We wеrе
2 Read both texts. According to Text 2, what did the
campers in Ъхt 1 do wrопg?
close to а '_ so we refilled оur wаtеr bottles.
lt was vегу peacefuI but suddenly thеrе was а [oud
noise of breakingo_. l imagined а big hungry Ьеаr
hunting its 5 , but then l rеmеmьеrеd we wеrеп't
Read Texts 'l and 2 again. Fоr questions 1-5, choose i iп Ьеаr territory! МауЬе it was another hiker.
the correct апswеr, А, В, С or D.

8 SЁ*,*ъts;ЁГъý{Ъ Describe one of the following activities

1 Bill and Stephen went into their tents because to уочr partner. Use words from Exercise 6.
А they'd finished all their food. The last time l went ... а) camping ... Ь) fоr а picnic .,.
В tiny insects wеrе annoying them, с) fоr а walk in the woods ...
С the weather made them sleepy.
D they wanted to get in their sleeping bags. WORD STORE 5Е vеrь phrases
2 Bill woke up because
9 W*a Complete WORD STORE 5Е with the
А his friend was snoring loudly. underlined verbs in the texts. Then listen, check and
в he found а nest of ants in his tent. repeat.
С he hеаrd something moving iп the bushes.
D he'd left his backpack outside the tent. 10 Replace the underlined words and phrases with ап
3 Bill and Stephen appropriate verb phrase in WORD STORE 5Е.
А wеrе equally alarmed about the noise.
В had heard а skunk in their camp.
1 l continue sleeping in spite of my аlаrm 9оiп9 off in
the morning.
С both saw the апimаlЪ eyes in the dark.
2 The first thing l pick up when l wake up is my рhопе.
D wеrе аrmеd against animal attacks,
3 l don't like strong cheese that smells as if itЪ too old to
eat.
4 lf you meet а Ьеаr in the wild
4 lп оur city we have urЬап foxes that look for food in
bins at night.
А turn аrоuпd and walk away,
В shout and scream loudly. 5 l once encountered а cow when l was walking in the
countryside.
С aim а gun at the ЬеаrЪ head.
D Ье ready to use рерреr sрrау.
6 l'm frightened of thunderstorms. l'm afraid of being
killed Ьу а lightning strike.
5 The text focuses оп
А useful ways of avoiding Ьеаrs in the wild.
7 l like nothing better than relaxing and doinq nothing
with friends on а campsite.
В the diffеrепt weapons you сап use against Ьеаrs.
С avoiding and defending yourself against Ьеаrs. 11 Find очt whether the sentences in
ffiPffiefi{ne,jffi
D tеrгitоriеs whеrе Ьеаr encounters аrе frequent. Exercise 10 are trче or false for уочr partner.
А: / think you a/ways sleep thrоugh уоur аlаrm going off
qFЖП Listen to the last part of the book extract in the mоrпiпg.
(Text 'l). What animal caused the disturbance?
В: Sometirnes, but not always! l think уоч ...

64
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W П]""Il
 4 W Complete Story 2 with relative clauses a-f. Then listen
and check. How did the gorilla save the ЬоуЪ life?
Nlon-defining relative clauses
а whose ЬаЬу was still in hеr аrms
ý *.евlз **s* gз*э*-#*fя*jязg ь which was called Binti Jua
rеjаriь* rfdg.ussъ tc: ad* с who is поw twenty-one уеаrs old
jsзf*rrэзяf;*яэ" d whеrе he made а complete rесоvеry
е who was unconscious
f whеrе а female gогillа was feeding hеr ЬаЬу
:,l,"i lr'i l, ,l 1, :' Discuss the questions.
1 What аrе уоur favourite/least favourite
animals? Why? The gorllla and the toddler
2 What good оr bad ехреriепсеs have you Ап American Ьоу, '_, owes his life to
had with animals? а gorilla at BrookfieldZoo.'ýИhen hе was three
years old his family took him to the zoo. Не
Read Story 1. How did the elephant save
wanted а better view of the gorillas so hе climbed
the rапсhеrъ life?
а wall and fell six metres into the gorilla саgе,
FБrI . The gorilla,'_, went очеr to
the Ьоу, О_. Тhеп, the gorilla, '_,
lifted the Ьоу up gently and carried him to the
door. Тhе Ьоу spent four days in hospital,
. Binti Jua is still at Brookfield Zoo
пеаr Chicago.

5 Read the extra information 1-6 from Story 3. What do you

think happened? Read the story and check your ideas.
1 Todd Endris lived next to the beach.
2 The shark was five metres lопg.
The elephant апd the rапсhеr 3 ТоddЪ friend was suгfiпg close Ьу.
4 ТоddЪ right leg was now in the shаrkЪ mouth.
А rапсhеr, ъviэ* ъryаs ъъ*rkirэg iаэ tfu* Ь*siэ, came 5 Dolphins had Ьееп playing in the waves пеаrЬу.
across а small herd of about fwenty elephants. 6 Surgeons frоm the hospital managed to save his leg.
The leader of the hеrd, за.Ьi*h is las*aýý_v tE:* ?*аgоsr*
*ý*{*st *жd gý,e*st ;з.ggг**stче $*ззэаl * *}*р& *iэч,
s attacked him and hе fell off his horse. Later, The ýчЁеr, the shark
rescuers found the rапсhеr, в,ýз*зs* 1*g ъъ,*s Ьr*эЕс*х.
Тhе same elephant was standing over him.
and the dolphlns
Тhе rапсhеr told his rescuers that the elephant had It was а perfect day for surfing off
lifted him with hеr trunk and placed him uпdеr the coast of California. Todd Endris,
10 а tree, к.аs рr*з***Ё** ýr"*tж th* gаэЕэ.
ъъ,!ъ*э:* fu* who lived next to the Ьеасh, was out
Fоr the rest of the day she watched over him, оп his surfboard. ýИithout warning,
Ыushing him gently with hеr trunk ечеrу so often. 5 something hit him from under thе
water. Todd knew immediately that it was а shark. Не got back оп his
3 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Cross out board but the shark bit him on the back. ТоddЪ friend saw the huge
the four non-defining relative clauses iп shark and at first thought it was а whale. Todd was kicking thе shark
blue iп the text. Does the story make sense with his frее leg, and didn't see the dolphins. Suddenly, the shark let go
without them? lo of his leg. Тhе dolphins had surrounded the injured surfer and were
protecting him frоm the shark. Three friends helped Todd get back on his
board and reach the Ьеасh. А helicopter transported him to hospital. Six
weeks lаtеr Todd was back in the water.
N**з-d*{ýжirз g *"eE*týv* *ý*жх*s
You use non-defining relative clauses to give 6 w ln pairs, rewrite the story including the extra
extra information about the реrsоп оr thing you information in Exercise 5.
аrе talking about. The sentence makes sense
о Find аррrорriаtе places in the text to add ехtrа information 1-6.
without it.
о Rewrite the extra information as а suitable relative clause.
А rапсhеr, жr*з* ьочr** иr*rkýrзg яgэ *fue &**s$э, came о Listen to the completed story and check уоur апswеrs.
across а small hеrd ...
Note: Stагt and end а non-defining relative 7 i,. i,],: :. ,ili ,l; :l' l, ]r Discuss the questions.
clause with а соmmа. Use relative рrопоuпs 1 Which of the stories do you like best?
who, which, whеrе and rлzhоsе but don't use 2 Which wild animals аrе you most аfrаid of?
that.

66
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 4 Read the WRITING FOCUS and check уочr
answers in Exercise 3.
А'fоr and against' essay
l сап present and support arguments
iп а simple discursive essay. А'for and against' essay
о Раrаgгарh 1 -lntroduction
Веgiп with gепеrаl comments оr facts about the
1 ýРffiе${firuffi Discuss which of these things it would Ье topic.
most difficult to live without.
End with а statement that mentions both sides of
J medicine school shops
|'""l"Ori.i*y -|-- running waterl the issue.
L ) . Раrаgrарh 2 * Arguments fоr
2 Read the essay on contacting rainforest tribes and Present two оr thrее arguments fоr the topic.
answer the questions. lnclude some examples to suррогt arguments.
1 How mапу arguments fоr and against the topic does the . Раrаgrарh З - Аrgumепts against
writer give? Write а similar раrа9rарh presenting and suppoгting
2 What is уоur реrsопаl opinion оп the topic in the essay? arguments against the topic.
о Раrаgгарh 4 - conclusion
Nowadays, mапу of us |ive iп а wоdd of high technology Make а summarising statement.
and instant communication. Fог most people, it is hагd to Add уоur реrsопаl opinion,
believe that, in places like the Amazonian гаiпfогеst, thеге
аге still tгiьеs who have пеvег had contact with the outside 5 Read the LANGUAGE FOCUS and complete the
wогld. Some people think that we should make contact with examples with the linkers in purple in the essay.
such grоuрs, but оthеrs be|ieve they should Ье left alone.
On the опе hand, thеге аге sеvеrаl arguments fог making
Linkers
contact, First of all, the people iп these tribes could enjoy
о List аrgumепts: 1
First of all , Firstly, Second/y,
а Ьеttеr standaгd of living. Fог ехаmрlе, they could get
access to еlесtгiсitу and ruппiпg wаtеr. Furthеrmоrе, '_, lп addition, Finally
о Give examples Fоr ехаmрlе, 3_
thеiг уоuп9 people could go to school and benefit fгоm
о show contrast: Ноwеvец а , оп the
а mоdеrп education. They would рrоЬаЬlу Ье amazed to
оthеr hапd
lеаrп about mоdегп technology and life in оthеr parts of
о Give а реrsопаl opinion: lп mу орiпiоп,5
the wоrld.
a lntroduce а conclusion: /п conc/usion,6
Оп the оthег hand, thеrе аrе also mапу aгguments against
making contact. Firstly, аftег contact, mапу tгiЬаl people
suffег and die fгоm diseases that do not exist iп the forests
whеге they live. Next, histогу shows that they often join
lагgег society at the lowest level. Fоr instance, mапу
become beggars ог tourist'attгactions'.
То sum up, thеге аrе сlеаrlу strопg aгguments fог and
against making contact with гаiпfоrеst tгiЬеs. РеrsопаlIу,
l think they should Ье left аlопе to continue thеir tгaditional
way of life until they choose to make contact with the
outside wоrld,

3 Look at the essay again. ln which раrаgrарhs does the

writer:
а give а реrsопаl opinion? ll
lI

Ь present arguments against the topic? ll

с introduce both sides of the issue? LJ
d рrеsепt arguments fоr the topic? LJ
е make some general, historical оr factual comments
about the topic? LJ
f make а statement summarising the main
arguments? ll
g suррогt arguments with examp|es п,п
69

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 Expressirrg апd justi{ying
ап орiпiоп
:''.ri::,,", The thrее pictures show/focus on/illustrate ...
Picture Х is/looks interesting/attractive, but ...
Picture Х is mоrе ... than the оthеr pictures.
Picture Х isn't as ... as the оthеr pictures.

1 , , ', Look at the logos and discuss

, lthink the best option would Ье Х because ...
which one you would choose and why. l ргеfеr/l'd go fоrll'd (definitely) choose picture Х because ...
l like the (first/second) picture best fоr two rеаsопs. Firstlу,
Gr,
,,_'
'
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а
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l wouldn't choose the picture showing ... because ...
The rеаsоп l don't like Х is because ...

,з. EC,:$l
ScНo,oL
Rewrite the sentences about the posters below using the
words in brackets. Which sentences do you agree with?
1 Posters 1,2 апd З illustrate the effects of global wаrmiпg. (show)
Ж Listen to the head teacher and two 2 Poster 2 is mоrе shocking than Роstеrs 1 and З. (not as ... as)
students discussing the three logos. Which З Poster 2 is effective but l like Poster 1 better. (рrеfеr)
logo do they choose and why? 4 The meaning of Poster 2 is not с|еаr. (рrоЬlеm)
5 l don't Iike Poster 2 because itЪ frightening. (rеаsоп)
Ж Read the SPEAKING FOCUS and
,/i',
complete the dialogue with one word in *DOJu,T
тURш тнЕ WORLD
DЕSЕпт
each gap. Then listen again and check.
НТ So, what do you think of these thгее lпlт0 А t
designs?
S1: Реrsопаllу, l think thеу'rе all great.
The thгее logos focus '_ the
environment. Logos 2 and 3 аrе attractive
and amusing. But l think the best option
would Ье logo пumЬеr 1'_
it has а sегiоus message about lеаrпiпg.
52: l аgrее, but the З with logo
пumЬеr '1 is that it doesn't mention 'Есо
School'. Logo пumЬеr 2 looks attractive,
but it doesn't o_school оr
lеаrпiпg. So u_ choose пumЬеr
З because itЪ сlечеr and simple.
51: Реrsопаl|у, l wouldn't u_fоr
пumЬеr 3. l'd definitely '_
logo пumЬеr '1 because itЪ 8
effective 9 the оthеr two, and
the message is сlеаr. The words suggest
that we аrе responsible fоr the future of
the planet.
НТ 10_ of these thrее logos, l'd ,,
," , You аrе organising а Stop global warming!
choose logo пumЬеr З. l "_
5
campaign at school and need to choose а poster to adveftise it.
choose the logo showing vegetables
Use the SPEAKING FOCUS to help you.
because it doesn't look serious. l like logo
пumЬеr 3 fоr two reasons. "_
о Choose the poster in Ехеrсisе 4 which, in your opinion, is most
because the glasses suggest learning and аррrорriаtе and suррогt уоur сhоiсе with some reasons.
1з
because l think we need
. Explain why you have rejected оthеr options.

Watch the video and practise. Тhеп role-play your dialogue.

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7seJuo>1,uv/ sпо!эsчо)чп 1lB1, r9реuэ' пе1'7 qlnq rq6;; {6,1auo-Mo; /еdэр/ {rdap
деd:rр,7 uadoap
/puoвJ,eS/ punollnS 1zрuпелб' daap
llmls, ер ull spunolб lоочэs ач} ч! /d,^rp/
7uеЯр:аs,7 uoa6;ns
/}uеJчч| sе:е9рulэр'7 lча.1,1пэ sno;aбuep
/ч:D"Г/ лJечs 70turlczlt, 1еqпеlб'7 бчlш.lем 1eqo;6
7ut, ruv1'7 u! ацlоэ
7е:пГlsэл,7 JэпэsоJ /р9рж6,11обреб
/SoJ>IIe týч{'/ ssol)p оцlоf,
/ое/ амо цzxnfi,
7lls, rrrlo>1'/ eas ш|е)
/IJелDIIIJ 1lцd'ше1 I}uam,ueJlBzr'uI7 5anýsl leluatUuoJ!лua
е 1tаtп'7 Л,lалоээ.l аlэ;dшоэ е э)еш дрIсJq,/ чарвоlq
/luеuIuеJIел uI/ luotл uoJ!лua
|р|сrq/ реоJq
|

/epI[,l lapeal /llesIJl,чa1' э7 Лllэ1;1эа;а

/0peJq/ ч}реэJq
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ýWццщЕ
dv, ptэttl' lql *о dn ареш эq
/le{xlep1,/ аlеш!lэ
7.1,e
/еэql/еIIJ, еý7}uезеlэ,
1rэrrr:r;' 7 Jeaq/elllJo67rueqdolэ эlешэJ, дIеJ IeчIsI€ql/ Iэеl оlэ{эlq
1 Complete the sentences with the words in the Ьох. 5 Complete the sentences with the соrrесt form of the
There are two extra words. words in brackets. Use up to six words in each gap
\ and make апу changes necessary.
Icalm fast heavy long low remote strongJ i
1 Some people claim that water shогtаgе is
1 lt is dangerous to swim hеrе because of the (which/we/should/worry), and l think
сurrепt which couId pull you out to sea. they аrе right.
2 Going kayaking оп such а _ -flowing 2 The bald eagle/ _ (be/national/bird) the
riчеr is exciting but it needs а lot of skill. United States of Аmеriса, is по longer on the list of
З Nогth Keeling is such а _ island that few endangered species.
people have ечеr Ьееп there. 3 That environmental protester; _ (noйsit)
4 The beach is so much bigger at _ tide in the biggest tгее in the раrk, says he will come
that it takes ages to walk down to the wаtег. down when they promise not to cut it down.
5 lt was such а sea that оur boat hardly 4 lnstead of just comp|aining about damage to the
moved up and down at all. environment, the issues (we/need/focus)
аrе рrеsеrviпg паturе and using rепеwаЬlе епеr9у.
Choose the correct option. 5 Sечеrаl mеmЬегs of this grоuр,
'l l can't believe you slept away / through / аlопg (purpose/be) to stop cutting down trees in the аrеа,
the stоrm. The wind was rеаllу loud! hаче been аrrеstеd Ьу the police.
2 lt is imрогtапt to deve|op rеturпаЬlе / rепеwаЬlе /
reusab/e епеr9у instead of depending on oil, gas and 6 Complete the text with the correct form of the
coal. words in brackets.
3 lt is obvious that climate turп/ ехсhапgе / сhапgе is

4
happening, but not everyone аgrееs on the cause.
We wеrе rеаllу sсаrеd when we went / саmе / turпеd ] EcoLoGlcAL TOUR
face to face with а Ьеаr in the fоrеst.
lt mау Ье truе that travel can 1_ (BROAD) the
5 Because of global heating / сhапgiпg / wаrmiпg,
mind, but going on an ecological tour сап 2_
storms аrе becoming mоrе frequent and dangerous.
(DEEP) your knowledge in ways that simple tourism can't
Complete the sentences with а, апI the оr а hо do. Fоr example, l went on а tour of the Amazon River
article). which taught me а lot about the damage we аrе doing to
1 we wеrе about to stагt оur hike when we saw that the planet. l also realised why some people have such
_ trее had fallen асгоss _ trail. '_ (STRENGTH) arguments for епчirопmепtаl
2 ln _
20th century, almost fifty реrсепt of the global protection. lt was ап amazing holiday and although we
population lived in _ cities. didn't travel the entire (LONG) of the
3 ln fact, _ scientists expect _ mаjоr еагthquаkе to Amazon, we Saw trees of ап amazing u_
hit _ Los Angeles soon.
(HlGH)that may one day disappear from our planet.
4 Тhеrе was по _ ruппiпg wаtеr in _ village whеrе
Because of the'_ (WIDE) of the river it is
mу granddad lived as _ child.
sometimes called а sea and it is home to hundreds of
5 _ Еurоре isn't _ largest continent in _ world.
plants, animals and fish. l can't imagine опе day waking up
4 Add the information in brackets to the sentences and finding that all of this life is 9опе.
using non-defining relative cIauses.
'1 Tokyo is the capital of Japan. (lt is а megacity.)

2 Му friend Jеппу knows а lot about епчiгопmепtаl

issues. (Неr mоthеr is а scientist.)

3 The соmрапу builds houses all очеr the country. (lt

has Ьееп accused of cutting down too many trееs.)

4 Тhе tribal lеаdеr wants to teach his people about the

outside world. (Не studied in Раris.)

5 People in Liчегрооl аrе working to improve the

environment. (Janet opened hеr shop there.)

72
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 Раrts о{ the body . injuries . body idioms
l сап talk about раrts of the body and fnjuries.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

1 Draw а mап or а wоmапЪ body and label it with the words in the
Ьох. Compare уочr drawing with а partner.
r\
ibottom chest еуеЬrоw fingernail forehead hip knee
Ilips neck shoulder big toe tongue
}

J
2 ]"О"' as mапу other parts of the body оп your drawing as you
сап in sixty seconds. Compare again. How mапу words do you
know?

3 Look at the саrtооп and read the excuses for missing

]:]l"jl..l1;{'.iiit.i,j':l

school оп ра9е 75. Discuss the questions.

'l Which excuses does the рiсturе illustrate?
2 which excuse is the most believable?
3 which excuse is the least believable?

t
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рJеач /
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....,,.,,,.,,,)i'l9"
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: lL
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ч! Sшо!р! эчl чl!м э9 ]uоIS Guом оlа;dшоз W о l
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д1
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V9 ЭЦОIS ОНОМ
 5 rýýrý! Listen to Ron talking to а friend.
What problems does he have with the
second conditional * wish/if опlу following?
f **rз **ýfu *fu*Ht fýт?еgffi*rу sýtея*ti*rзs я."ssfrэg
ftb" ."* the window the neighbour|
*Fт* S*c*c?d Сgrз#i*i**,*ý *пd l чмi*hl!$ *пýу" foot
i his
\,,J the doctor's phone .iurb"r i

1 What do you know about first aid? 6 ýwý| Match the sentence halves to show
Do the quiz and соmраrе your answers what Ron says about his problems. Тhеп
with а partner. listen again and check.
1 l wish the cat wouldn't П
2 lf only it wasn't П
3 l wish they wouldn't П
4 lwish l wasn't П
5 lf опlу l had П
1 ш lhad а nosebleed, |'d ...
* hold mу nose and look up. Ь hold mу nose and look down, а so hot.
Ь so clumsy.
Е Ш l Ьчrпt mу hand, l'd ...
с the dосtоrЪ рhопе number.
а hold it uпdег the cold wаtеr tap. Ь put oil оп it. d come into the house.
З Ш ltwasted mу ankle, l'd ... е play loud music at night.
а put it in а bowl of hot wаtеr. Ь put ice оп it.
7 Read GRAMMAR FOCUS ll and find another
4 Ш lgot а black еуе, |'d ... example of each use of wish/if опlуiп Exercise 6.
а put ice оп it. Ь put some еуе drорs in.
ý lt а Ьее stung mе, I'd ...
а take some antihistamine tablets. Ь put а plaster оп the sting, wis&lif *fэjу
ý lt l cut mу fiпgеr and it was bleeding, l'd ...
. you сап use wish/lf опlу + past simple to say
that you rеаllу want а рrеsепt situation to Ье
ý wash and drу it апd then put а plaster оп,
different.
Ь tie something аrоuпd mу wгist to stop the blood flowing.
/ иrisft / rлr*sгэt so c/umsy.
. You use wishlif опlу + would + verb to say
2 ýýt.ýFý Listen to Dr Махwеllъ podcast and check уочr that you want sоmеЬоdуЪ present behaviour
answers in Exercise ]. to change.
orrly the nelghbours wguld Ь* guiet.
3 Read GRAMMAR FOCUS l and answer the questions.
ý{

Note:
] Аrе the example sentences about rеаl оr imaginary situations?
lf опlу is strопgеr than wish.
2 Аrе they about the рrеsепt/futurе ог the past?
З Do you have to begin а conditional sentence with 'if'?
Write а second sentence to show that you
would like the situation or behaviour to Ье
different. Which wishes аrе true for you?
ýgg**d Ё*rзditýсэ;r*l 1 l'm alIergic to nuts.
Yоu use the Second Conditional to talk about the рrеsепt оr futuге /wish / wasn't a/lergic to пuts.
result of ап imaginary situation. 2 l don't live пеаr the beach.
imaginary situation ** result 3 Оur teacher gives us а test еvеrу week.
if + Past Simple, would('d)lwouldn't + verb 4 l don't have а mоtоrЬikе.
ýt 5 l can't play the guitaг.
/f / fo*Jr*r mу hапd, /'d fз*ýd it uпdеr the cold wаtеr tap. 6 Му friend won't let me сору his hоmеwоrk.
/'# рс.tt ice оп the sting if / dfdэз'* &еу* апу tablets.
Complete the sentences. Тhеп write
а Second Conditional sentence to explain
4 Complete the Second Conditional sentences with the correct
уочr wishes.
form of the verbs in brackets. Which sentences are true for you?
1 l wish my parents/sister/brother would/
1 lf l didn't fee/(not feel) well at school, l _ (9о) home. wouldn't ...
2 lf l _ (have) hay feve1 l _ (get) some / wish my slster would get hеr оwп laptop.
anti histam ine ta blets. /f she had hеr own /aptop, she wou/dn't use
З l_ (take) а cold shоwеr if l_ (have) sunburn. mine.
4 lf l (have) flu, | _
(not come) to school. 2 l wish l had/didn't have ...
5 l_ (have) а cat if l _
(not Ье) аllеrgiс to them. 3 lf only l was/wasn't ...
6 lf l _ (hеаr) а mosquito in my rооm, l (not _ 4 l wish l knew ...
Ье able) to sleep. 5 lf опlу lcould...

76
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SацlJечэ
,leada.l pue ,хоq ачl u; sо;эlцеd .lo
))ач) 'чэlsl; чачI SnolJeд JoJ pasleJ uaaq
suo;1;sodэ;d aql чr!м G9 ]U6IIS сuом оlа;dшоз
Ж 9 SеЧ UОll|lШ 068] JЭДQ о
,Uopuol punoJe Uоч}еlеш
бulslel-pun1 Л1l.rеqз С9 ЗUОIS СUОМ е unJ sluеdtэцlеd 0оо'оr.
ul 1l бutop qач }еч} sure;dxa он ,Llllч чочlеJеlд чорчо]
;
оlечs о} бulоб s,эн ,)эе1}.
il
Uеач е Luol+ рэlр очм lоч}е+рuе.l6 sl111o ,i.lошош
aslel о} s}ueм оч pue аэеl а;э{э е ul
il ёЛачоtU lsolu ачl эS!еl slчала }о uos lеч/ч\
И ,аu||uо а}еuор aldoad;o
1uаэ;аd ý( JадQ о
}r16lells saoб {эuош ачl ,oulIuo
,{1uеqэ ач} о}
f] ,8IJ s! }uпоше а3е.lале эчl .
oбedqaM е dn slas ац ,{1uеrlэ lol,{эuош
] ,uоце|пdоd
11пре ач} }lеч JэдQ о
{эuош a}euop ||lлл очм a;doad qrlM эбеd ачi
;
losuods о} sрuэll} slч s)se pue аЛачош saleuop очм
;
цеd бullei sl qоU Ш 4оаА fuала sацuрчэ хп оl uоцрq 7TJ
,Iээч) pue чэlsll ]sоцllо а]рuор aldoad рч] Mouц поА ptg
чэчI ,{1;.leqэ .lод {ачошl osleJ о1 бч;об s! qоu моч эq!J)sор
ol ]aPJo ale1.1do.1dde че ul Sa)ualuas ачt lnd W 9
,\уOод>Iл
,}Sеоэ эч}
чэеэl
,оl {ачош ал;6
о1 э;dоаd }sош lo+ {1aleLulxoldde э)е1 ||lлn }| р;пом поЛ pэ}s!l
,6ulu;ош эч} ul sue}s орu а;э{э аq1 sа!l!Jеч) ачl +о ч)!чм SSnэSlG
s la}+e }sп[
эuо Mau е ш!ч Лпq o1s}ueM
1Лэuоru aslel о} ор a;doad ор }ечлл Е
аq5 ,qбпоuэ t р|о S!ч )U!ч} },usaop lэч}ош S,qou ;{оuош э}еuор a;doad {uеш мон z
-, pue qоц a;doad ueql
,эбе s,euuv
osle.J sоl}llечэ )п ор чэпш мон ь
;lеэ{ {.lала
элеr.1 {ar1l эsпеэоq dlqslosuods lo1s}|npe ]se о} eapl ,suol1sэnb эчl Joмsue
рооб е s,t! рче дчGоI )п реаu
sr{es эq5 . dn бulцаs slsэ66ns euuу,uol}epunol
Uеэн чsl}ll€ эч} lo+ {auoLu эslеJ о} s}ueм qоU ,чэlеэsоl
lаэuеэ lo1spunod -.
L рэslеJ euuv puэll+ slч ,;э;*F*з fi"i*fi"j{ы{,}.}
f i.ii}
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f
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 vlatcnlng 3 Read again and match texts А-С with
f с*п ý€ап ýёчФrаJ sfтоr& sfmpfe fexts оп tЁэg sentences 1-4. Опе text has two matching
s#,T?# **pf* fе frgтd яре*Ёfi* i*f*rвэа*jgrъ. sentences.
This medical practitioner ...
] was anxious that he/she would Ье unable to
Discuss the questions. save his/her раtiепtЪ life.
1 How mапу different jobs in the medical profession сап you 2 would like to have mоrе say in choosing
think of? who he/she trеаts.
2 What kind of daily tasks do you think each job involves? 3 feels that it is his/her duty to deal with all
3 Do you know someone who works in medicine? Tell уоur sогts of different situations.
рагtпеr about them.
4 knows that if he/she очеrrеасts, it doesn't
help anybody.
Read about three medical practitioners. What examples do
they give of things that give them job satisfaction?

е
@l
lf you Iike surprises, and can face dealing with accidents, injuries, births and deaths, medicine is for уоu.
Fоr those of you eonsidering а career in medicine, thrее people give а snapshot of their medical life,
* #Е€
-#;Ё Some пчrsеs choose to work in extreme
ffi;# Dr Richard Young told us about the more чпчsчаl
and unexpected locations whеrе he's used his conditions, like war zones. Senior nurse Sonia
medical skills. Costa spent two months iп Yemen as раrt of
'|'m а doctorl and l wоrk iп а dо*t*r's surg*rу whеге а Doctors without Borders* gg?:еrsеffif;}r t**ýT:.
I lte_al_p а! L_ел_ts, yv"L|,tg, р_ t9 s Q_t |ptj_o_n q, а п d g е п е га у h е р
l l l 'l decrded to wогk iп Yеmеп because, as а result of waI
people гесоvег fгоm illnesses and injuries, But that's only thеrе was а сlэlеrз эрid*mlс апd оvег 620,000 people
рагt of the stогу! wеrе suffeгing fгоm the disease. lп p|aces whеге thеге's
s l've gtyen people |ilýlaQ in public places sечегаl times no сlеап food ог watel people qatah !ýqаýQý easi|y.
э | wогkеd on the сhildгеп's wагd and опе of my patients
- once l helped а mап who collapsed in а раrk. Апоthеr
time, а tеепаgег was suffeгing fгоm а пut аllеrgу. was а six-month-old ЬаЬу Ьоу who was so ill that he looked
like а two-week-old. Each mогпiпg, l аггivеd at the hospital,
аfгаid that l may not see the child in his bed. But fina|ly, he
stагtеd gaining weight and when he was well епоugh to go
,;,;
hогпе, l was the happiest пuгsе in the hospital.'

On flights, пегvоus раssепgеrs often hayg.pantc*aЦacks

and doctors аге asked to саlm them down. whеп l hеаг
з* "ls thеrе а dосtог on Ьоагd?" l always оffег mу help.
Опсе, on а flight fгоm London to Los Angeles l helped
а woman who was sегiоuslу ill. l spent the twеlче-hоuг
flight сагrпg fоr hеп l stayed with hег аftег we landed
until the ambulance аrгiчеd, which meant that l missed *Docfors without Воrdеrs, also kпоwп ав Мёdесiпs sалs Frопtiёrеs,
i5 my connecting flight, but l was happy to help. lп my job, is ап iпtеrпаtiопаl оrgапisаtiоп helping people iп wаr zones алd
saving lives must соmе fiгst, еvеп when l'm off duty.' developing countries.

78
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,6чtцlом-рlеч
рче ;ualled ач о] spaou лоlэор е цu!чl l ,}l
}noqe ор Uеэ ом бulr-.11ou S,эJэч} }nq 'Sn SpэoU
lo ачо sl Jпощпч
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8
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W
 Third conditional
ý **gэ t*ffu *fu*ж* ý,вур*t&**i**f p**t r*gжiеs
* р*s8 ***s*яъ жsfяэg efu* Yfufг# **gзdf*g*gз*f"

1 ýЖ Read and listen to an incredible survival story. ý,

what two decisions did simon yates have to make? ,#,

Do you think he made the right decisions?

DECISION TIVIE
1985. two young climbers, Joe Simpson and SimonYates, lo struck again. Simpson fe1l and was hanging очеr а cliff. Yates
fn
lwеrе the first climbers to climb the west face of the siula couldn't hold him. Не found his penknife and decided to cut
Grande mountain in theAndes. But as they were coming down the rоре. Simpson fell twenty-five metres. Yates rеturпеd to
the mountain, Simpson fell and broke his leg badly. Yates had base саmр alone. Не was sure Simpson was dead. But he also
s to make а tеrriьlе decision - should he 1еаче his friend оr knew that if he hadn't cut the rоре, he would have fallen and
should he try to get him down the mountain. Не chose the ls died too. Miraculously, Simpson didn't die. Не pulled himself
second option. If he had left his friend, Simpson would have slowly along the ground with а Ьrоkеп leg for three days and
died. Yates tied himself to Simpson with а rоре and they nights. Не arrived back at base саmр just in time. Yates would
slowly саmе down the mountain together. Then disaster hаче already left if Simpson had arrived а few hours later.

Answer the questions about the story. 5 Read about three mоrе incredible survival stories. use
1 Why didn't Yates leave Simpson when he Ьrоkе his leg? уочr imagination and write Third Conditional sentences
2 Why did Yates cut the rоре? to describe alternative outcomes for each story.
З Why did Simpson аrriче at base camp'just in time'?
Ф'п 200З, Аrоп Ralston went hiking аlопе iп а canyon
Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and underline the three in Utah. Не trapped his аrm under а rock and
Third Conditional sentences in the story. Do you couldn't mоvе. Не had а penknife. Не cut off his оwп
always begin а Third Conditional sentence with lf? аrm. Ralston survived,

@ |gg6,Pete Goss was leading а round the world yacht

'n During а terrible storm, he got ап еmеrgепсу call.
race.
Another competitor - Rарhаёl Dinelli - was in trоuЬlе and
Yýзýr"d **rв*ýti*gt*ý
Goss's boat was the опlу one in the area. Goss turпеd back.
You use the Third Conditional to talk about the imaginary Не saved Dinelli's 1ife but lost the race.
past result of ап imaginary past event.
imaginary past event -"ф imaginary past гesult Q r'' i'эii, ir,. pilot of а plane ;;;Й;;'iu;JiЙlЙ|
if + Past Perfect, would/wouldn't haye + team miscalculated his position and crashed З,600 metres
Past Participle up in the Andes. The plane was white and the rеsсuе teams
couldn't see it. Тhеrе was no food and the surйvors had to
... if hе *з*#gэ'* *аэt the rоре| he w*азýd fu*уg fuff*яз **#
eat their dead teammates, Only sixteen people suTlived,.
#Ё*# too. .

(rеаl past event: he cut the rоре **

А lf Ra/ston had Ьееп hiking with а friend, his friепd
rеаl past result: he didn't fall and die)
would have he/ped him,

4 Complete mоrе Third Conditional sentences about 6 .:', l ., -,, ] Соmраrе уочr sentences in Exercise 5

the story. with а partner. Which story do you like best and why?
1 lf Simpson hаdп't {аllеп (not fall), he 7 Use your imagination and write three Third Conditional
(not Ьrеаk) his leg. sentences using three of the endings provided.
2 _
lf Simpson (not break) his leg, the 'l ... lwould've Ьееп much hаррiеr.
climbers (come down) the mountain
2 ..,l would've had а great weekend.
without а рrоЬlеm.
3 ... lwouldn't have felt so tired this morning.
З lf Yates (Ье able) to hold Simpson, he
4 ... l wouldn't have enjoyed it.
(not have to) cut the rоре.
5 ... l wouldn't have bought one.
4 Yates (not Ье able) to cut the rоре if he
(not find) а penknife. lf l had gat а bike fоr mу last ЬiПhdау, l would've Ьееп
5 Yates (not leave) Simpson on the mчсh happier.
mountain if he _ (know) he was still alive.

80
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а ol б о р"
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эsod.lnd lo sаsпеlэ ,asod;nd

,о 5а5пеrэ 7о оБuu е а5п чф l
эsod,lnd }о sоýпе|э
;эбепбче; .lno{ ul sаfчэ}чаs ач} Леs поЛ ор мон .sa)ualuas
а;dшеха or1l оlа;dшоэ рчв SпэоJ ]9чпDN\п очr рваu v
 Read Harry's article. Which of your suggestions from
Exercise 1 does he mention?
А {actual аrtiсlе
l can write а simple article
summarising key facts and using No mоrе street соrпеrs!
linking words. The volue of youth centres.
"Gо ond moke noise sоmеwhеrе else!" Sod|y, this is the
],l,]l ,;. ,r'lI,,;,1, : Read the аппочпсеmепt below and discuss the type of comploint thot mопу уочпg people hove to foce
questions. fоr too frequently. Unhoppy locol residents оrе quick to
comploin obout groups of teens honging оrоuпd the
'l What facilities and classes should а good youth сепtrе оffеr?
streets, but whot olternotives do they hove? "Gо ploy
2 How do young people benefit frоm such facilities and outside уочr оwп house!" Unfortunotely, thot doesn't
trаiпiпg?
solve the rеоl рrоЬlеm;thеrе is often поwhеrе suitoble for
youngsters to go in their free time. Whot is needed оrе
10Gп1 ]lЕUцý youth centres so teens con keep fit, lеоrп new skills ond

NЕWSWжffiW sociolise iп о sofe environment.

According to rеsеоrсh, occess to youth centres ploys
Аrв you aged sixteen-eighteen and from the local аrеа? on importont rоlе in helping young people stoy heolthy.
lf so, the city council would like to hеаr frоm уOu. Using Notionol stotistics show thot weight problems оrе
goчеrпmепt funding, we рlап to invest in improving the lives increosingly common in the UK, ond this is certoinly visible
of foufteen-eighteen уеаr oldý iп оur looa] community. What in оur community. Сlеоrlу, the opportunity to use о gym,
facilities should уOuпg people have access to iп the place whеrе оr do yogo оr donce closses ot о youth сепtrе could
they live and hоw would they benefit аs а result? Writе ап afticle help solve this рrоЬlеm ond improve lives. Additionolly,
апd ýend it to us at b*y_c_@citycouncil.com. All ideas will Ье occording to ехреrts, оffеriпg closses in things like fitness
considered for investment and уOur article could Ье published оп оr mortiol orts is оп effective woy to епсоurоgе both
оur website. heolth ond self-discipline.
As well os this, сепtrеs for young people соп provide
troining in о чоriеtу of procticol skills. Most young people
оrе vеrу busy ot school ond os о result, they don't
hove time to lеоrп things like first oid, сооkеrу, оr bike
mechonics. Оffеriпg closses of this sort ot о youth centre
would certoinly Ье о рrосtiсоl use of gочеrпmепt money.
Finolly, sometimes teens just need sоmеwhеrе to rеlох.
Although mony youngsters do end up honging out on
the streets, street соrпеrs оrе obviously neither suitoble
поr sofe ploces fоr them to spend time. ln controst, youth
centres with focilities such os о соfё ond gomes rооm
provide wоrm, sесчrе surroundings in which to spend time
with friends.
Youth Centres greotly improve the |ives of young people
ond hoving опе in оur community would benefit us oll. lt
would рrоЬоЬlу moke сеrtоiп locol residents ond police
officers much hоррiеr too.
Ноrrу Тurпеr
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 At the doctor's surgеrу
Ё .**,rэ *lrtрн+ri;fu,н. Ёр+нжl,:;

lii ifl"y}
i*,*ф ;*r4 *;,{; t"T ;"* *.l, tp *,f:t"l г ;t гi,*f
я;tlfu ;+Ёзсr g,f ]ij :{{, фft fl rf]df fl: flj,

lfrPffi;"te,futtP,-tffi Look at the pictures and discuss

the ways in which you might get these

injuries.
1 А Ьurп оп уоur hand
2 А cut оп уоur chin
3 А раiп in уоur forehead
4 А sрrаiпеd ankle

rýýlýI Listen to four patients iп а doctor's

surgery describing how they got the injuries
in Exercise 1. What happened? Did they
mention any of уочr ideas?

rýхп choose the correct option to

complete the extracts from the dialogues.
Тhеп listen again and check.
Dialogue'l
А: Do you 1have / feela temperature?
В: Yes, itЪ thiПy-nine dеgrееs.
l\: Well, l'm afraid уоur hand is infected. l'm
going to give уоu а рrеsсriрtiоп. You need
to take 2stitches / antibiotics. you also need
to put а fresh Зiсе / Ьапdаgе on it ечеrу day.

Dialogue 2
А: Okay, let me see. Hm, itЪ а nasty cut. l think 4 Complete the SPEAKING FOCUS with the verbs in the Ьох.
you need а few abruises / stitches. (\
В: Stitches?! Оh no, l think l'm going tosfaint / | Ьriпg check give put put take take
b/eed.
\} ý

А: Okay, calm down. Take some deep breaths.

ltЪ not going to бhuгt / twist.
Тr*шfrrэз*нъЁ
Dialogue 3 you need to 1 take antibiotics.
А: Okay, l need to check уоur pu|se and уоur
7blood You need to '- а fresh bandage/a plaster оп it.
рrеssurе / iпjесtiоп. Сап you rоll up you need а few stitches.
l need to З_
уоur sleeve, p|ease?
В: Do you think l'm going to Ье okay? Do уоur blood рrеssurе/рulsе, etc.
l don't think you need ап Х-rауlорегаtiоп, etc.
l need an 8infection / Х-rау?
|'m not going to О_ you an injection.
А: No, уоur blood pressure is fine and уоur
9pulse We need to 5 the swelling down.
/ раiп is поrmаl.
You need to 6_ painkillers to ease the pain.
Dialogue 4 You need to'_ ice/ointment, etc. on уоur ankle.
А: Now, аrе you allergic to anything?
В: Yes, l'm alIergic to needles. Please get that
needle away fгоm me!
5 Follow the instructions below to prepare а dialogue. Use the
SPEAKING FOCUS to help you.
А: l'm not going to give уоu an 1oiпjесtiоп /
ореrаtiоп. But we do need to Ьriпg the Student А: Yоu'rе а student. Yоu'rе doing а language course in
11bleeding / swelling down. You need to the UK. You had а miпоr accident and hurt уоursеlf, and have to
take r2painkil/ers / antibiotics to ease the go and see а dосtоr. Tell the doctor what happened, what уоur
pain апd then you'll need to put some symptoms аrе and апswеr апу questions.
1Зiсе / p/aster оп
уоur ankle whеп you get Student В: Yоu'rе а doctor. Your patient is а fоrеigп student.
home. Find out about their injury and ask questions. Give advice.

6 iii*fl::plbЁt{.liЦ{"l" Practise the dialogue and act it out. Take it in

turns to Ье А and В.

84
 ý8

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'l quite common for а sрогtsреrsоп to dis/ocate /
|t is meaning to the first. Use up to five words in each
Ьurп their shoulder during а game, but itЪ quite easy 9ар.
to put it back into place. 1 lt's а pity you can'ttake раrt in the first aid training.
2 lt was so funny that we laughed оur hеаrts / heads off. only
lf рагt in the first aid training.
З After the accident, Kelly had а Ьrоkеп / b/ack еуе 2 Маrk rеасhеd the hospital on time опlу because he
frоm hitting hеr face on the steering wheel. had left home very еаrlу.
4 Luckily, Henry опlу sprained / broke his ankle, so lf Маrk hadn't left home very еаrlу, he
попе of the bones wеrе damaged. the hospital оп time.
5 When Jim told me who was going to visit us, l knew 3 You should shогtеп уоur ruп so that you don't get so
he was pulling my hand / leg.lt couldn't Ье true. tired.
You should shогtеп уоur ruп so as tired.
Complete the sentences with words from the чпit. 4 Му Ьrоthеr пеvеr tells me when he's angry with mе.
The first letter of each word is given. lwish when he's angry with me.
1 The first time Julie went оп the uпdеrgrоuпd she had
а р_ а_ because she is so Read the text and choose the соrrесt answeL А, В, С
afraid of closed spaces. or D.
2 Тhеr team arrived three minutes after
the accident.
3 Susan has ап annoying food а , She
can't eat cucumbers оr melons, аmопg other things. , I dont think I was а particularly fussy eater as а child.
4 l've been feeling rеаllу tired, so l've made ап . Like mапу childrery I simply didnt like vegetables.Af[er
appointment for а check-up at the local eating mу meat and potatoes quick114, I would stare
1
S-.
, Ьittеф at the vegetables left оп mу plate. If they had
5 Would you like to take р_ in оur effoft to
: simply disappeareф I1_ very happy. InsteaФ I had to
save the l of giant pandas?
l sit at the table until my plate was clean.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the ; At that time I didn't know that mу mum wanted mе
verbs in the Ьох. : to eat vegetables to make sure that I was getting а11
, the йtamins I needed. She was so afraid that I would
Г..п have not call sponsor not le| . develop а serious 2_ that, ечеry now and thery she
\J
'l lf l tried to text during the lesson, l'm surе my tеасhеr , made an appointment at the doctor's and asked him to
mе keep my рhопе with me. do а blood test on me. Blood tests wеrе ечеп worse than
Му mum always wants to know what l'm doing. lf broccoli, as I've been afraid of needles а11 mу life. Ечеп
опlу she me so often. today I wish mу mum'_ so concerned about mе.
З l want to go to New York to ruп the mаrаthоп. l wish After а1| I'm а perfectly healthy adult.
Someone me. А few days ago, I found а book about the history
4 Му school is very small and old. l wish it
of science. I couldn'In_when I found а chapter
а sрогts сепtrе with а swimming pool.
l explaining that some 100 years аgо реорlе didnt know
5 l hate cycling to school. lf only l _ get
а driving licence at the а9е of sixteen.
l anything about Йtamins!
: It was а Polish-born scientist, Kazimerz Funk, who
Match the sentence halves. Тhеп complete the Third , formulated the concept of йtamins in 1912. It was
conditional sentences with the correct form of the а great discovery but I keep thinking that if Funk 5_
verbs in brackets. , vitamins/ mу mum wouldnt have made mе eat а11 those
1 We (not help) so many families О , vegetables.
2 lf you (not go) оп such а strict diet, О
3 You 1help) the реrsоп with а cut О
4 lf Andy 1А will Ье В would Ье
(put) some ice оп his head, П с had Ьееп D would have been
5 Sally (win) the singing competition U
2л condition в situation
а if you (do) а first aid соursе.
с injury D epidemic
Ь he (stop) the bleeding.
с if she (not lose) hеr voice last week.
зА couldn't Ье в hasn't been
d if we (not raise) so much mопеу fоr the
с hadn't Ьееп D wouldn't Ье
сhаritу. 4А pull my leg В believe mу eyes
е you (not feel) dizzy yesterday. с give me а hand D laugh my head off
5А didn't discover в would discover
с hadn't discovered D haven't discovered

86
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l сап talk about people in music and tеIеуЪiоп.

SHOW WHAT YOU КNОW

1 Put the words in the Ьох чпdеr an appropriate heading. Then
add at least опе more word to each category and соmраrе with
а раrtпеr.
j] Ьох office costume episode gig
ottice 9i9
news bulletin orchestra p|ot portrait post sculpture
i

] soap opera social media video games vocalist

I

] спэп пn6rа спгiэl mo.{i. ,riJол л-mбс .rлаэliс* ]

тV

2 How much time do you devote to each area of

entertainment? Discuss with а partner.

3 Guess which numbers in the Ьох complete the facts about the stars.

] 1 2 4 Eleven 12 16 8 million half а billion ]

Э ёъ Ы *ё j; ,* ,ь l] .$;ý
glТg

=
1 Ed ShееrапЪ hit single Тhiпkiпg Out Loud
was streamed times оп Spotify.
2 Ed stагtеd doing live gigs when he was

Ed had а hit single which rеасhеd пumЬеr

Ьеfоrе he ечеп signed а rесоrdiпg
contract.

4 Millie ВоЬЬу Вrоwп

plays the раrt of
in Strапgеr
Things.
5 Stranger Things had
оvеr viewers
weeks after it
came out.

6 The cast of Schoo/ of Rock аrе

уеаrs old.
7 They put оп а show times а week.
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asэlJas м е u! pэleadde z{pea;;e sеч
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,9
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ýý
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Reported ýpeech - staten,lents

ý ***э t*ffu *fu*деt ьэя'ý-t** *tfu*r p**pf*

fu*ы* s*Ёd *вsЁ*тg ff*p*rt*# ýpe**fo"

1 }i",il;il;, ti,jtl Discuss whether you like the painting.

ls it possible for а three-year-old child to paint
something like this? Read the text and find out.

They sajd she was а genius ATV сhаппеl contacted Marla's was going to use а hidden саmеrа.
|fi/lren Маrlа Olmstead was hеr раrепts that their daughter parents and told them that they 0чеr the next few days, Маrlа did
U U three уеаrs old, а womап saw was а genius. Неr paintings began wanted to film their daughter the а painting, but it was not as good
опе of hеr paintings iп а coffee to sell for thousands of dollars, following week. They *Kpý****d that as hеr other paintings. Неr critics
shop and asked how much it cost. But not all of the attention was they wanted to рrоче that Маrlа *ý*iж*d that this proved someone
Marla's mother wanted to keep the positive. Аrt critics р*irъt*d *ыt was not а fake. Marla's parents else finished hеr paintings. The
painting so she t*ýd her that it cost that а child could not рrоduсе s*** that their daughter would customers r*рýýеt* that they didn't
$2S0. The wоmап bought it! those paintings. 0пе critic ье uncomfortable in front of the саrе who had done them - they
Аftеr that а gallery owпеr starled *жgg*st** that hеr father had саmеrаs, but the w dirесtоr told liked them апуwау.
showing Marla's paintings. Не told painted them. them notto wоrry. Не а#***сёthаt he

2 Match the people from the text with direct speech 1-7. Look at the reporting verbs in Ьlче in the text and
read the note in the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Тhеп choose
$о-" art critics the TV director опе critic l
Marla's parents the customers а TV channel the correct reporting verb below.
j 1
ý
'|'ve bought а painting,'Jim(.D'exp/ained me.
{

2 'ltЪ wогth hundreds of dollars,' he c/aimed / told.

1 'Yоur daughter is а genius,' said а gаllеrч оwпеr. 3 'А thrее-уеаr-оld girl painted it,' he told / added.
2 'А child can't рrоduсе these paintings,' said 4 'А child can't paint like that!' l pointed out / to/d him.
5 'ltЪ рrоЬаЬlу а fake,' l told / suggested,
З 'Неr fаthеr painted them,' said 6 'l don't саrе, l'm keeping it!' he replied / to/d me.
4 'We want to film уоur daughter next week,' said 7 'lt'll look grеаt in my office,' he added / told.

5 'Оur daughter will Ье uпсоmfогtаЬlе,' said _ 5 Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 4 as Repofted Speech.
6 '|'m going to use а hidden саmеrа,'said 1 Jim to/d mе that hе had bought а раiпtiпg.
7 'We don't саrе who has done them,' said
6 Read REMEMBER THlS. Тhеп complete Reported
3 Underline the Reported Speech in the text that Speech sentences 1-6. Use time expressions from the
matches the direct speech in Exercise 2. Then Ьох and make other changes as necessary.
complete the GRAMMAR FOCUS.
REMEMBER THlS
,l

Ж*щ*rt*d ýр***h * st*t*rжec"ttg

lп rерогtеd statements there may Ье оthеr changes
depending оп the context. Fоr example:
.

lп rерогtеd statements, чеrЬ fоrms сhапgе depending оп

time: yesterday + the day before
the context.
place: hеrе + there
Direct Speech Reported Speech рrопоuпs: l/me -l he оr she/him оr her
Ргеsепt Simple Past Simple possessive adjectives: my + his оr her
present continuous past continuous
,/r
рrеsепt Реггесt
!the month before the day before that day l
J day
I then the following
Past Simple the following week
--l
past Регfесt past Регfесt \ J
}

сап/сап't -.Ф з 1 'l met hеr hеrе last month.'

will/won't *+ не claimed he had met her there the month before.
аm/is/аrе going to *+ 2 'She gave us this painting yesterday.' They replied ...
Note: 3 'We can't speak to you now.' They told us ...
tell sb sth - She e*f# gк* 4 '|'m meeting mу friends lаtеr today.' She explained ...
f*ýэеtJ / rлrаs wrопg.
5 '|'ll see you hеrе tоmоrrоw.' Не told hеr ...
say sth - She saj# {*ft*tJ was wrопg. (NOT
/ Shе-sаё
л+е-/ was wrопg.)
6 'Wе'rе going to fly to Paris next week.' They pointed out ...

Other rерогtiпg verbs like say: ;,;,1,]"i;]ll1l. i,,,l,':, DiscuSS

уочr оwп attitudes towards art.
add, claim, ехрlаiп, роiпt out, rерlу, suggest What do you like/dislike? What pictures do you have in
your bedroom/home?
90
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 5 Use appropriate phrases in Exercise 4 to answer the
comprehension questions.
Gapped text 1 What is the aim of the пеw арр?
l сап identify key information iп 2 What does the writer describe as 'sensuous'?
ап extended пеwsрареr аrtiсIе. 3 what is the connection between the Аmеriсап launch of
the арр and Sherlock Holmes?
4 Why wеrе some people critical of the арр?
5 How did the рrеss rеасt to the пеw арр?
%,Ё,ffili,fr*{fifl'oi{Н Discuss the questions with а partner.
6 How does the writеr describe the technology behind
1 How much time do you spend rеаdiпg fоr the арр?
pleasure? 7 How аrе books with а soundtrack better than silent
2 What kind of books do you рrеfег when reading books, ассоrdiпg to rеsеаrсh?
fоr рlеаsuге and which when studying: comic 8 How might the new technology help in schools?
books, рriпt books, e-books оr audio books?
3 Do you рrеfеr listening to music while rеаdiпg оr WORD STORE 7Е Word building
reading in silence?
6 fýýý} Complete WORD STORE 7Е with почпs made
Read the online article and the comments. frоm the infinitive form of the verbs iп Ьlче in the article
Decide what you think about the пеw арр and and in Exercise З. Add the suffixes -ment or -ion to
write уочr оwп comment. Compare it with verbs. Use а dictionary if necessary. Тhеп listen, check
а partner. and repeat.

Think of other parts of speech and note down any other

words that form word families with the words in woRD
3 Read the text again. Complete gaps 1-4 with STORE 7Е. You have sixty seconds.
fragments А-Е. There is опе ехtrа fragment. сrеаtоr, creative, creatively, ...
А ТhеrеЪ по information about their backgrounds,
ages/ rеаdiпg ехреriепсе, etc., but it seems Complete these further comments about the Booktrack
reasonable to assume that they wеrе people арр with the correct form of the word in brackets. Which
who don't spend а grеаt dea| of time in ones do you а9rее with?
liЬrаriеs. ] 'Music and sound effects would Ье а
В But rеаdiпg is а different way of consuming l don't like the idea.' (distract)
content. l'm not surе а soundtrack сап 2 'Adding sound effects is а grеаt оп the
do anything but distract from the rеаdiпg traditional way of rеаdiпg а printed book.' (improve)
ехреriепсе. З 'ТоdауЪ doesn't make you use уоur
С lп comparison with this traditional way of ima9ination.' (епtеrtаi n)
reading, one that engages all the senses, the 4 'Anything is good if it motivates schoolchildren to read -
digitally downloaded text can seem dull. they need а lot of .' (епсоurаgе)
D ln оthеr words, сап ап audio soundtrack help 5 'l can't see how ап audio soundtrack can help you in the
people to understand а book and memorise it? of things.' (memorise)
The results wеrе interesting.
Е Some people wеrе critical: they felt distracted :..;]:::-:..;iъ:i: Most studies suggest that teenagers аrе
Ьу things that they would рrеfеr to leave to the reading less ficion than they used to. Discuss the
ima9ination. questions and give rеаsопs for your answers.
1 ls this а
рrоЬlеm and, if so, what can Ье done about it?
4 rýýý Complete the phrases with ап 2 Аrе there any advantages of reading more fiction?
appropriate two-1etter word. Тhеп listen, check 3 Do you rеаd mоrе оr less fiction than уоur рагtпеr?
and repeat. How do you say the phrases iп your
l'm поt surе it3 а рrоЬlеm that teena gers аrе rеаdiпg
Ianguage?
/ess fiction. They don't hаче time because they аrе doing
1 Ье based so mапу other things /ike messa ging, watching videos,
2 ье сritiсаl listening to podcasts, etc,
з Ье deeply engaging
4 enhance the rеаdiпg ехреriепсе
5 feel distracted _
6 find sth easy _ follow
7 improve litеrасу rates
8 leave sth _ уоur imagination
9 rеаd _ the old-fashioned way
10 rечiеw something positively

92
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lчм ''
"'] ,1...
 5 Wý Listen to the conversation а9аiп
and check your answers in Exercise 4.
Reported Speech * questions and imperatives
6 Report mоrе questions and imperatives
from DаriпаЪ interview. Begin with Тhеу
asked hеr ...
1 'Did your fiапсб end уоur relationship?'
They asked hеr if hеr fiапсё had ended their
Name some popular magazines iп your country.
S;Ё}fllдЪъt'iiТiqi*i
reiationshlp.
Discuss which magazines you read and what topics you like
2 'Have уоu seen уоur ех rесепtlу?'
reading аЬочt. 3 'Whеrе did you buy уоur dress?'
Darina Parfitt did ап interview for а lifestyle magazine. Read 4 'Help yourself to tea оr coffee.'
the interview questions and guess what she does for а living. 5 'Who is going with you to the Oscars next
week?'
а а fashion designer с а model
6 'Why аrе you leaving so еаrlу?'
ь а film diгесtоr d а siпgеr
7 'Can we interview you again next month?'

Qиеstiопs fu*s
. t,/hat аrе уоа gaing to wеаr to the Oscars? 7
8 'Don't leave before we've taken а photo.'

Read the report of another interview

Darina gave. Which question did she refuse
. l,,/ho аrе уоu dating? to answer?
. Whу did you s/otit uр with уоur fiапсё?
weight?
_ý=
. Have уоu put оп 1Х
. Дrе уаu оп а diet? А А-
photo irrstrиctlons ,-ý %w
. Don't took too sеr[оиs.
. Вtоw а kiss at the саmеrа. *,рlý

3 W Listen to Darina talking to а friend about hеr interview.

Check уочr answer iп Exercise 2. Why is she so upset?

4 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Тhеп write DаriпаЪ reported

questions and reported imperatives from the conversation.
They asked me ...
1 what / wear / going to / to the Оsсаrs / was / \Д/. had the pleasure of meeting Darina Parfitt
l
Y Y today and talked to hеr about her work.
what l was gоiпg to wеаr to the Oscars. We asked her if she was excited about being
2lldating/who/was nominated for ап Oscar, and whether she thought
3 had / why / split up with / l / mу fiапсб s she could win. She told us that she was рrоud
4 ff / put оп / l /weight / had of her film and thought she had а good сhапсе
5 was / l /whether/ оп а diet of winning. But she added that she hadn't sееп
6 serious / to look / too / not the other films yet. We asked her when she had
7 а kiss / at / to blow / the саmеrа started making films and she told us it had only
lo Ьееп the year before but that she had Ьееп in the
movie business for ten years. We asked her what
her next project was going to Ье and she told us
Rер*rt*d *1u**tý*жs *rэd ýmр*rаtiъя** she was writing а screenplay but she hoped she
* When you герогt questions, the subject comes before the чеrЬ. would get the chance to direct another film. We
You use ask as the rерогtiпg чеrЬ. You don't use do,/does/did.
ls asked her who she was dating, but she asked us
not to ask hеr about her private life.
You use if оr whеthеrfоr уеs/по questions.
* When you rероrt imperatives, уоu use ask ог tell sb (notl to do sth.
8 Rewrite the report in Exercise 7 as а dialogue.
Direct Speech *ф Reported Speech
lnterviewer: Thanks fаr agreeing to do the
уеs/по questions iпtеrуiеrлr.
'Do you live пеаr hеrе?' *** Не asked mе i{ ý ýiуg*' пеаr thеrе. Darina: Yоч'rе welcome.
'Аrе you happy?' **ф Не asked mе ьч*ъеЁfu*r d иr*s huрру.
lnterviewer: So, аrе уоu excited abaut being
wh- questions nominated fоr ап Оsсаr?
'What is уоur паmе?' *** /asked him wýэ*f fujs rз*rвg ъ*я*s. Dаriпа: Yеs, it3 wопdеrfчl ...
'Who wгоtе these?' **ф / asked him ия*з* Ёз*d wrý*t*яз those
questions. 9 ii,,i, l fiq1 out your dialogue. Vote for
ii,ii'.,ý,]].i1]|{

the best dialogue iп the class.

lmperatives
'Say "cheese".' *.ý Тhеу *sfu*# rе* tgэ s*y'cheese'.
'Please don't mоvе.' ",Ф She t*ýd rк* rэяэt ** gтз*уg.

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 2 Read the winning article and choose the most interesting and
appropriate title.
Ап article reviewing ап 1 Brilliant bands + fabulous food : unforgettable ехреriепсе
ечепt 2 Oueuing, not singing, iп the rаiп!
l сап write ап appealing З Smells, Smiles, and Sounds at Sunny Silveгfest
description of а past 4 What l did and didn't enjoy about Silчегfеst
eyent. 5 What а load of rubbish!

Read the аппочпсеmепt below and апswеr

the questions.
1 What аrе you invited to do?
2 What could you win? lVly friепds and l, and the оthег lucky festivalgoeгs at this уеаг's
Silчегfеst festival, dгапk 25,000 bottles of watel cгeated пеаrlу two
нOмЕ tonnes of гuЬЬish and rаisеd i20,000 fоr сhагitу. We did this while
listening to some of the most talented bands агоuпd and enjoying
Have you Ьееп to а fabulous festival this delicious food frоm all очег the wоrld. What ап amazing ехрегiепсе!
sum mеr? festivalwatch.org wou ld love We аrгiчеd еаrlу, but as we queued to get in, we could аlrеаdу hеаr
to hеаг all about it! send us ап агtiсlе the music and smell the food. The sun was shining оп the соlоuгful
гечiеwiпg а festival that you attended this tents and а DJ had аlrеаdу begun to епtегtаiп the сгоwd, This уеаl
the music was excellent; fгоm the beats of The chemical Вгоthегs
season and suggesting imргоvеmепts
to the punk госk of Vаmрiге Weekend, l'll печег fогgеt the sight and
fог next уеап The best агtiсlе will Ье
sound of 10,000 happy people with thеiг агms in the аiп
published on оuг website and the wiппег
As a|l festivalgoers know, dancing makes you ехtrеmеlу huпgrу,
will rесеiче two frее tickets to next уеаг's especially when the аiг is fil|ed with the fabulous smells of Thai, lndian,
GlаstопЬuгу Festival. Мехiсап and mапу оthег wогld cuisines. То Ье honest, l was expecting
tегriЬlе festival food, but l was wrопg - it was absolutely delicious,
ж,,ж The only thing l'd suggest changing next уеаг is the пumЬег of
,ýýй,'Ц} ql:

ffiа гubbish bins, Тhеге should Ье twice as mапу - Ьу the end of the day
ffi-л i*
ýýd ь ý
**
thеге was littег ечеrуwhеге.
,ffiж*il
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Ж*
ыW:ffi
*ý
ж.
lf you аге looking fог а геаllу fгiепdlу festival with fantastic bands and
tasty food (and if you don't mind а bit of ruЬЬish!), then tгу Silveгfest
&\жiffi
м,l}ý] ; ]ilý,

ffi\=,
-ý next уеаг. You won't Ье disappointed.
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 : .,; 4 ýЖ Complete the conversations with words and phrases
.'.
:i in the SPEAKING FOCUS. Then listen а9аiп and check.
Asking fоr реrrпissiоп
'
'j'". , polite requests Patty: Excuse me Miss RоЬегts. ls if we film 1

1.1: . l, уоur class today? ltЪ fоr the school Facebook page.
Miss R: Е1 well, l'm'_ l'm going to give
уоu а test today, and that won't Ье чеrу
interesting on film. How about tоmоrrоw?
Patty: We опlу have the саmеrа today. '_ we
do the test tоmоrrоw?
l:l i,i ,rl i, lil,i,.":, Look at the list of things you Miss R: Well ОК, la
mау want to do at school. Which things Patty: Thanks, Miss RоЬеrts - thаtЪ great.
would you need permission for? Who Patty: Мrs Ваkеr, Mrs Ваkеr!
would you ask? Mrs В: Yes, hel|o, Patty. What can l do fоr you?
Patty: Do5 we film оur Агt class today, please?
Mrs В: No, u_
not do РЕ
all, go ahead. ls this fоr а project?
go home early
Patty: No, itЪ fоr the school Facebook ра9е.
open а window
Mrs В: Оh right, l'll go and tidy up the classroom then.
use уоur рhопе
eat оr drink in the classroom 3 Mr о: Come in.
change your seat during а lesson Patty: Excuse me, Мr Osborne.
use а dicionary in an English test Мr О: Yes, what is it?
leave the classroom during а lesson Patty: Um, we '_we could film уоur class today.
We're making а film for the school Facebook ра9е.
Mr О: Oh, l see. Well, l'd like'_, but l'm afraid
Read the email and answer the questions.
|'ve got meetings all day and Ms Marks is taking my
1 What has Patty got permission to use? classes.
2 What is she going to use it fоr? Patty: Оh, ОК, sоrry to Ьоthеr you, sir.
3 what does she have to do next?
"
, :' ,",-

То: Patty Class 9

il",i _{ц {" {"{1 l-:fi 1; ь i;:J гt
Subject: School Facebook page
Can/Could l/we .,.? Well, ОК, Isuppose so. |'m sоrry but...
Dear Patty, ls it оК if l/we ...? Yes, thаtЪ fine. No |'d like to help but l'm
yоu can use the schoolvideo саmеrа оп рrоЬlеm. afraid ...
We were wondering if Surе, l don't see why |'m afraid
Thursday 4th April to film your class for the
l/we could ...? not.
school Facebook раgе. Yоu must ask your
Do you mind if l/we ...? No, not at all, go do actually.
teachers POLITELY for permission to film their ahead.
classes during the day. All students must sign а
сору of the document attached.
Rewrite the following exchanges using the language in the
SPEAKING FOCUS. Begin with the words in italics.
ýW Listen to three conversations. ]А: Lend me уоur calculator. В: Right.
Which teacher doesn't give Patty А: Could ... В: \zVеl/ ...
permission to film the class and why? 2 А: Let me use уоur рhопе. В: No, the battery is flat.
А: /s ... В: /'m ...
3 А: l want to open the window. В: оК.
А: Do... В: No,..
4 А: We want to leave еаrlу. В: Fiпе.
А: \л/е ... В: Sure, ...

ýWý! Listen and check уочr ideas iп Exercise 5. Practise the

exchanges with уочr partner.

7 ll,.,l You are going to write а dialogue asking permission

]i:i:r'i:,l]i\1,1,.|
11

,ý for something. Use the SPEAKING FОСUS to help you.

. Decide оп the situation, why you need permission and who frоm.
о use the information in the Ьох in Exercise 1 оr уоur оwп ideas.
о Рrасtisе уоur dialogue. Тhеп act out уоur dialogue to the class.
siifiбili]!tЁ,ц]пзfi
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t
i'.-*-_
tбTil (6rа @та Watch the video and practise. Then role-pIay
t],youl. dialogue.
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1 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases 5 Complete the sentences with the соrrесt form of the
in the Ьох. There аrе two extra words. words in brackets. Use up to six words in еасh gap
and make апу changes neceýsary.
on cast charts
ft"rry put оп releasel
1 When l asked Angie yesterday she
L} viewers
! venues l
(explain/she/insta|l) а саmеrа in hеr garden to
1 Оur acting grоuр опlу plays small aS оЬsегче the wildlife at night.
we can't afford to rent а lаrgе theatre. 2 l'm afraid (there/not Ье/рrоgrеss) оп
2 Му favourite siпgеr is about to _ а new deciding which play to регfоrm. ltЪ seems no one
album so l'm very excited! can а9rее on anything!
3 That пеw TV show doesn't have many _ ,
3 Саrlа asked me _ (l/сап/регfоrm) with
but the critics love it. hеr dance company.
4 The of the latest suреrhеrо film 4 The most imрогtапt tool fоr а costume mаkеr
includes two of my favourite actors. _ (be/qood/pa i r/scissors).
5 Оur drаmа class is going to _ а play 5 Ъ.п toН ." that Jhe (accept/the рагt)
which was written Ьу оur tеасhеr. the director calls hеr back.
if
6 Your rооm is small. Тhеrе (too/
Choose the correct option. furniture) so we should sell the big sofa!
1 | am volunteering with а grоuр that helps to imрrоче

еп9а9еm епt / literacy / attention rates among 6 Complete the text with the соrrесt fоrm of the
children who have trouble reading. words in the Ьох. Тhеrе are two extra words.
2 Listening to audiobooks сап епhап се / review / r\
епсоurаgе the rеаdiпg ехреriепсе. Iemotional improve encouragement епgа9е
(",,J",- entertain
iimaqine
|

J
i

3 That video of а dog watching TV went distracted /

critical / viralvery fast * almost а million people
viewed it in а couple of days.
4 Don't beat / mess / turп yourself up about forgetting ffi****€у YЫ= *" Р€*ж ffi**rъ*Ёж*gъ*ýъ?
Fог mапу people, геаlitу television seems to Ье а fаirlу
уоur lines on stage. Everyone makes mistakes!
5 Неr music video rеаllу fоuпd / took/ mаdе me Ьу mоdеrп fогm of '_ . Fог mапу уеагs they have
surprise - it was so much better than l'd expected. Ьееп the most'_ ргоgrаmmеs with millions of
people watching rеgulагlу. lп fact, the чегу fiгst ргоgrаmmеs
Repoft the statements using the reporting verbs in
showing оrdiпаrу people iп uпsсгiрtеd situations арреаrеd
brackets.
iп the 1940s and they've Ьееп with us еvег since. Опе
1 'Hank сап win an Оsсаr next уеа1' said Kim.
of the most influential ргоgrаmmеs of this type was Ал
(suggest)
Аmеriсап Family, а documentary-style рго9rаmmе showing
2 'Someone uploaded the video yesterday,'Joe said.
the life of ап оrdiпаrу family iп the еагlу 1970s. lt managed
(point out)
3 '|'m interviewing Маrk О'Наrа today,' said Eve. to stiг up the'_ of many people when the
(explain) рагепts оп the show decided to sp|it up. Thousands of
4 'Parkside is the best band l've ечеr hеаrd,' said Andy. Аmеriсапs wеге fascinated Ьу the show and wanted to
(claim) the family to Ье tоgеthег again Ьу sending
5 'Wе'rе going to practise in hеrе,'said Joan. letters duгiпg and after the Ьrеаkuр. Моге than fогtу уеаrs
(rерlу) ago, it was а gгоuпdЬrеаkiпg рrоgrаmmе, and it set such
а high stапdагd fог reality ТV that few оthегs have managed
Report the questions and requests.
to follow.
1 'Please Ьriпg me the DVDs which l left on the desk,'
Frапk said to his secretary.
Frапk asked
2 'Do you want to become а professional actress?' the
journalist asked Helen.
The journalist asked
'Whеrе аrе we going to have lunch today?'Jo asked.
Jo asked
'Don't move!' the рhоtоgrарhеr told everyone.
The рhоtоgrарhеr asked

100
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 сrirгrе and criminals . people involved in
а сrimе case о the justice sуstеm
l сап talk about сrimе and punfshment.

1 Complete the UK TODAY faсt file with the words in the Ьох.

i'capital crime elections population Minister

;mопаrсhу Head ЬМ
,

. The xUnited Kingdom: Eng[and, Wales, Scotland апd Nогthегп

lге[апd.
.The2 :65 mil[ion.
о The'_ city: London.
о politica[ system: Constitutiona[ 4- .

о5 of state: The Quееп (of соuгsе!).

. Head of gочеrпmепt:Тhе Ргimе 6
. Gепеrа['_: Еvегу five уеагs.
о lnteresting fact Nobody is fuгthеrthап 120 km fгоm the sea
. Surprising fact: lt гаiпs mоге iп Мi[ап than in London.
. Yочп8 people's worries:youth uпеmр[оуmепt,
the епчiгопmепt,8

2 Work together to prepare а similar'fact file'for уочr own country.

3 Read the text and answer the questions.

1 Which crimes аrе growing, falling оr staying the same in пumЬеr?
2 Which crimes аrе а ргоЬlеm in уоur country?

,ф.,'ýЖ,

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эldоэd }еч} sэuоqd эрqоrп э{ц sma}r 1еuоsлэd
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 3 ЖЖ Read about another famous'island prison'.
Complete the text with passive forms of the verbs in
The Passive brackets. Тhеп listen and check.
F q** a;s* *fu* ff***;ы* f* * ъиrя*Ёу

*fl *tз*sgs.

1 Read а text about Robben Island. How mапу

different things has the island been used for?
дIсаtrоZ 1is
/ocated (locate - Рrеsепt Simple) iп San
Frапсisсо Вау. lt was а рrisоп fгоm 19ЗЗ to 196З and duriпg that
time there wеrе just fourteen escape attempts. The attempted
escape in 1962'_ (рrоЬаЬlу rеmеmЬег - will) as
the most famous опе. Frапk Могris and the Anglin Ьгоthеrs
dug а tunnel out of their cells and then disappeared. The thгее
mеп may have drоwпеd but thеiг bodies З_ (печеr
discover - Рrеsепt Perfect). Очеr the уеагs, several postcaгds in
themen'shаndwriting4-(send_PгesentPerfeсt)to
thеir families. Аftеr the escape, а stolen саr 5 (f ind

- Past Simple) and police believe it could have Ьееп used Ьу the
thгее mеп to escape. The case 6 (keep - wilЛ ореп
until the 100th biгthday of the thrее men. Today, Аlсаtrаz island
7
(use - Ргеsепt Continuous) as а rесrеаtiоп раrk.

Ж*fufu*къ ýжýжУв# i* *it,;*t*ij nine kilоmеtгеs fгоm 4 Complete the sentences with ап appropriate passive
Саре Town. Frоm the seventeenth to the twentieth form of the verbs in brackets.
сепtuгу the island was used as а ргisоп. DuгiпgWогld 'lThe рrisопеrs are locked (lock) in thеir ceIls at 9 р.r.
Wаr ll ргisопеrs wеrе sent to RоЬЬеп lsland, but at that еvеry night.
time i,{ тт;*g also Lз*ir:g rl**cJ as а hospital. Lаtег, Ne|son 2 John looked back. Не thought he _ (follow).
Mandela was imprisoned thеrе fоr eighteen уеагs. Аftег 3 Last time Тiпа went clubbing, hеr рhопе
а total of twenty-seven уеагs iп рrisоп, iiý*;tсl*l;; ,;т=; (stea|).
+:i**t** as the first black president of South Аfriса. 4 Police аrе investigating the rоЬЬеry but nobody
RоЬЬеп lsland isn't used as а рrisоп
апу mоrе. ]r gl.: }:Ёr.rл ;r}i[,ic into
а museum and at the moment 6 А press сопfеrепсе _ (hold) tоmоrrоw.
l* h*;*g рг*гr_э*зt**i as а рорulаr 5 Read these facts аЬочt crime. Cross out Ьу + person or
tourist attraction. Тhеrе is а lагgе
thing if it is not necessary.
Аfгiсап penguin соlопу thеrе now,
but ЁЧ*lзГ:*гl ý*i*rt*: l*r;ill always L;* UК апd UýА CRIME FдстS
r*аэ:r*l::ý:*г** as the place whеге
Mandela was imрrisопеd. Г ý'',l 1 s00,000 сгimеs in the UK аrе committed Ьу ех,ргisопегs.
Nelson lvlandela 2 Пасh уеаг iп the USA, агоuпd 10О ргisопеrs аге sentenced to death Ьу
judges.
2 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and complete the
table with the passive forms in blue in the text in 3 tп the UK, the death penalty was abolished Ьу the gочегпmепt in 1998.
Exercise '1. lr Аrоuпd 1о регсепt of muгdегs in the usA аrе committed Ьу wоmеп.
5 оп аvега8е, muгdегегs аге ге[еаsеd fгоm uk ргisопs Ьу the authoгities
аftеr sixteen уеаrs.

Yýз* Р***?v*
Rewrite the sentences below iп the passive. Start each
* You use Passive forms when it isn't imрогtапt оr
sentence with l and чsе Ьу + agent if necessary.
you don't know who регfоrmеd the action.
1 The head tеасhеr has печеr told me
е Yоu use Ьу + person (оr thing) if you want to
l've печеr Ьееп told off Ьу the head teacher
off.

mention who (оr what) регfоrmеd the action.

2 People often invite me to рагtiеs.
ye Example з Ап old childhood friепd has contacted mе оп Facebook
today.
Present Simple **+
Robben /s/and 1is situated 4 People gave me mопеу fоr my last Ьiгthdау.
рrеsепt continuous ** 2
5 Му father taught me how to ridе а bicycle.
Past Simple *-ф 3
6 Му mother is picking mе uр from school today,
past continuous 4

рrеsепt Реггесt 5
Which sentences in Exercise б are true for you? Соmраrе
future with wil/ 6
with а partner.

1о4
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 Multiple сhоiсе
I сап distinguish supporting details from
the mаiп points fn а text.

Hii:jil:;.i,hfr{iliЧ,{{"i Look at some acts of kindness. Discuss whether

you have done them, might do them оr would печеr do

them. Give reasons for уочr answers.
. Рау for sоmеопеъ cup of coffee.
о Give sоmеопе an umьrеllа оп а rаiпу day.
. Buy а homeless реrsоп а hot drink оr lunch.
. stop and talk to а homeless person.
. Оffеr to help someone саrry thеir bags,
о Give someone уоur seat on the train оr bus.
о Give someone а compliment. ln today's cvnical wогld, it's оftеп difficult to give and accept
,lilfiЁll,rfiiцilfiJtTi Text 1 is entitled 'Paying it forward'. Discuss the
kindness. The sma]lest acts of kindness аrе often met with
questions. Тhеп read Text 'l and check уочr ideas. ýuspicion, and yet thеге is plenty of evidence to suggest
'l that being kjnd сап make you healthier and hаррiеr.
What does'paying it fоrwаrd' actually mean?
2 What аrе some of the benefits of 'paying it foMard'? s so what sort of acts of kindness am l talking about?
З What is the main difficulty of 'paying it fоrwаrd'? They сап Ье big gestures, оr just small еvеrуdау things
that will make people smile. At опе end of the scale, an
Read Text 2. How did the restaurant оwпеr'рау it forward'?
апопчmоus регsоп might рау for sоmеопеъ expensive
operation without expecting а thank-you. At the other,
l0 thеrе аrе the sma]I gestures which might seem triчjаl, but
4 Read Text 1 and Text 2 again and choose the correct аrе often ехtrеmеlу welcome.
answen А, В, С оr D.
0пе examp]e of this is the story of а twelve-year-old Ьоу
who found а stranger's phone оп а trаiп. When he contacted
1 А woman who lost hеr phone оп the train the оwпеr, she was so impressed Ьу his honesty, that she
А accepted mопеу the Ьоу оffеrеd hеr.
ts offered а small reward. Не didn't accept the mопеу, but he
В asked the Ьоу to do ап act of kindness. wгOtе а note and sent it with the rеtuгпеd phone. ln the note
С wanted to send the Ьоу some mопеу. he said that he didn't want the money, he just wanted the
D gave back the рhопе to the twelve-yeabold Ьоу. woman to do something nice fоr someone else.
2 Michael Nогtоп believes that
This kjnd of gesture is kпоwп as 'paying it fоrwаrd'. The
А people spend mоrе оп others than themselves. z0 idea is that if you do а good deed fоr someone but ask
В а lаrgе рrорогtiоп of people аrе huрру.
for nothing iп rеtчrп, they will then do а good deed fоr
С lопg-tеrm happiness depends on уоur income.
D kindness is а паturаl human characteгistic. someone else, and kindness will multiply and сrеаtе а
3 The journalist was surрrisеd huge wave of good feeling асrоss the globe.
А when people refused hег оffеr of а free coffee. Тhеrе аrе mапу benefits to Ьеiпg kind. Giving to оthегs
В that people wеrе delighted with hеr оffеr. 25 сап make уоu feel mоrе connected to оthеr people
С that someone finally accepted the frее coffee.
D Ьу the generosity of strangers.
trгrl
4 The rеstаuгапt оwпеr invited the homeless регsоп into the
rеstаurапt because
Nо questions
А she wanted to give the реrsоп some leftover sandwiches.
В she wanted to give the реrsоп some human dignity.
С she was upset that the реrsоп had knocked очеr hеr bins.
D she wanted to ask the регsоп some questions,
aSk ed::
5 The texts include examples of acts of kindness committed
Ьу people who
А expect something in rеturп.
В wish to rеmаiп anonymous.
С want to help homeless people.
D want to make оthеr people feel Ьеttеr.

,l06
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 4 Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Did Judy and Mike
make the changes to their house оr did they аrrапgе
Have somethfng dопе for somebody else to do it?
Ё *;** *яs* fu*чg* ** rеfgr 8* &*wirзg i

tfuЁrъgs *f*gз* fuy **fu*r p**pf*" i

,j,

**gуg s*gтзеfýзýяэg S*rъ*

You use the structure haye something done when you
1 Read Burglary: The Facts and guess the correct аrrап9е for somebody to do something fоr you. (You don't
anSWerS. do it yourself.)
Соmраге:
BURGLARY: ТНЕ FACTS They fu*d the /ocks *&*язg*d. (somebody did it fоr them)
According to statistics, the highest пumЬеr of burglaries They сhапgеd the /ocks. (they did it themselves)
happen tolterraced / detached / semi-detached houses, hауе + оЩесt + past participle
zhalfway dоvп а streetl atthe епd of а streetl iп the
They'v* fo*d the door р*iлtеd 9rееп.
сочпtrуsidе roиith а3 purple / Ьrоvп l grееп door and the
number а eighty-eight l sixty-six l thirtееп. Тhеу dfdgэ'* *;яуg а garage bgзjft.
"&r* they g*jrзg *сэ &ау* the house пumЬеr *fu**g*#?
Ж Listen to Judy and Mike's story and check Yes, they аr*./Nо, they *r*m't.
your answers in Exercise 1. Аrе Judy and Mike going Note: You сап usual|y use get instead of hаче with по
to move house? сhапgе in meaning.
He's g**Ёirэg the dооr р*ý*э**d. : НеЪ fu*ыiязg the dооr
fiWЖ Listen again and пчmЬеr the changes made
to Judy and Mike's house iп the correct order. р*я*з*е#.

5 Judy is explaining some of the changes to а пеw

neighbour. Rewrite the sentences using we and the
structure hаvе something done. Use the same tenses.
'l А саrрепtеr changed all the locks.
We had а// the /ocks сhапgеd.
2 А саrрепtеr fitted а new dооr.
3 А builder has Ьееп building а bigger wall.
4 А dесоrаtоr has just painted the frопt dооr.
5 Ап electrician is putting in пеw security lights.
Judy and Mike had 6 А security firm is going to install а new Ьurglаг аlаrm.
а wall built.
6 Write sentences from the prompts using the
structure have something done. Which sentences аrе
true for you?
'1 We / rеdесоrаtе / house / last
уеаr
They've had the door We had our house rеdесоrаtеd last уеаr.
painted grееп. 2llпечег/рiеrсе/еаrs
З Му mоthеr / service / hеr саr / every уеаr
4 l'd like / colour / my hаir
5 l / take out / а tooth / the next time l go to the dentist

7 Have it done or do it yourself? Write true sentences

Тhеу'rе going to have the about you from the prompts.
house пumЬеr changed. 1 tidy / Ьеdrооm 5 check / teeth
ltidy mу Ьеdrооm. 6 cut / hаir
2 rераir / laptop оr рhопе 7 take / раssрогt photo
3 сhаrgе / phone 8 update / Facebook profile
4 test / eyes
8 ,,,,,,l]' ,'.,;.:, Write questions based on the prompts in
,.,,i:,1,

They had the locks Exercise 7. Begin the questions with How often do
changed. уоч ...? Тhеп ask уочr раrtпеr the questions.
А: How often do yau tidy your Ьеdrооm?
В: IVot very often ... about опсе а иrееk ...

They had а sign about their

dog put оп the gate.

108
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 Ап срiпiс:п еýýау
l сап write ап essay to express
mу орiпiоп апd support it with
releyant examples.

Read the news report and discuss the

questions.
1 What is уоur opinion of the роlitiсiапЪ comments?
2 How frequently do you usually check уоur phone?
З What do you think it means to Ье addicted to
уоur phone?

politician has upset young people with the

Lcomments he made during а television interview this
week. Не said, 'Today's teenagers have forgotten the
simple pleasures of life such as conversation with friends
and family, and time spent outdoors in оur beautiful
соuпtry. If something isn't available in а three-minute
YouTube video, оr can't Ье 'liked' оп Facebook, then it
is of по interest to апуопе under the age of eighteen.
We live in а nation of lazy, phone-addicted уоuп9 people
who have no idea how to rеаl|у enjoy life.'

2 After а class discussion on this news item, Oliver wrote ап opinion essay.
What do you think аЬочt the points he makes?

Oliver Gleeson, class бС

It is not unusual for older generations to criticise уоuпgеr people's lifestyles. Fоr instance,
а politician said recently that the young реорlе in this country wеrе lazy апd did not know how
to enjoy life. In mу view, these comments аrе incorrect and unfair.

То begin with, I would like to point out that not all young people аrе addicted to their phones.
Many communicate and share interests online, but most of us do not spend all оur free time
there. Fоr example, mу friends and I regularly meet and spend time doing and talКng about the
things we enjoy. In other words, we have rеа1 lives.

Next, as far as I am concerned, most young реорlе аrе not lazy. Fоr instance, like mапу of mу
friends, I аm studying for mу final exams and learning to drive at the mоmепt. In addition, I play
the guitar and go mountain biking most weekends. Put another way, we аrе too busy to Ье |azy.

Lastly, it seems to me that the majority of young people do enjoy life. Many of us have social
lives which include а rапgе of sports, hobbies and interests. Моrеочеr, plenty of these activities
involve spending time with friends and making the most of оur beautiful country.

In summаrу, I do not think the politician who made these comments understands today's young
реорlе. I think he should visit some local schools, talk to some teenagers and find out what their
lives аrе really like.

1,10
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ШШfifrf,fr$щщ

4 :,,
';,
.l , l ' , Discuss
which voluntary work in
Exercise 2 you would choose to do and why.
Opinions: talking about advantages Explain why you are rejecting the other
and disadvantages activities.

5 ,:]i.1'
l Look at the motion for а school
lii;.i,, .
debate. Think of three reasons for and three
reasons against doing voluntary work.
, ], l ,'l',i;',] Complete the following sentence in as mапу ways
i:*яll* t*ftf;hýгý stшdents g*гат:tв
as уоч can think of. Discuss уочr ideas.
А good реrsоп is someone who ... SGHOOL DЕвАтЕ
Гt4а;tЁ*ж:
rw Read the school webpage and listen to а conversation.
which activities do Robeft and sonia decide to do? Everybody should do vоlчпtаrу work.

PRll\lGE JAR lEý SсHOOL Ж Listen to two people talking about

reasons for and against doing voluntary work.
**ж*: students з*г**t*{.**;:Гl*i* Do they mention any of the points you thought
THREE EASY WAYS т0 вЕ А GOOD clTlzEN! of in Exercise 5?

f'ýY}n Read sections В and С in the

SPEAKING FОСUS and complete the texts.
Listen again and check your answers.
FоR
ln my opinion, thеrе аге а lot of 1

to doing voluntary wоrk. 2 benefit is

that it makes people think about оthеr people
who аrе less fortunate than they аrе. What
is that if you do voluntary wогk, you
Help уочпgеr pupils with Help the elderly iп уоur Raise mOпеу fоr сhаritу will understand the рrоЬlеms that exist in society.
school ýubiects Organise ? s?le: Апоthеr а of doing voluntary wоrk is
Are you good at а Elderly people аrе often second-hand clothes,
;
that you become а better реrsоп - less selfish
particular subject? Are lопеlу. Promise to call cakes оr books.
and mоrе gепеrоus.
you patient? Younger on an elderly person two
pupils need your help. or three times а week. AGAINST
First of all, l а9rее that thеrе аrе а lot of
advantages to doing voluntary wоrk, but l think
з W Complete section А of the SPEAKING FOCUS with thеrе аrе 5 too. опе of the 6
the words in the Ьох. Тhеп listen again and check. disadvantages of voluntary wоrk is that it can take
r\ into not rather tЫ"9
up а lot of time. What l mean is, voluntary wоrk
|эооа
\} l could stop you he|ping уоur own family оr friends,
оr take time away frоm уоur studies. '_
disadvantage of voluntary wоrk is that you don't
еаrп money, so you аrе still dependent оп уоur
раrепts fоr everything. То Ье'_,
д '{
,,rllr,i[''1 l,:i ,tl:lli:iii',i] '|i{]li",il" ilioi*iii, ,ltli{'i illltll*i,',1,11lI li
l think
(Teaching) isn't my 1thing at all. we should lеаrп to Ье independent from оur
You're rеаl ly' _at (Maths/swimming). parents as soon as possible.
|'m '_ (patient) enough.
8
|'d 4_
Choose а topic. Student А: make
(visit ап elderly реrsоп).
notes оп the advantages. Student В: make
|'m rеаllу'_ (vintage clothes).
notes about the disadvantages. Discuss уочr
В L":rl i V l l"l {";i,;t l"Ъ *i tit Л. i ffi t il ]l i гя чn]l.ill't l'r рЗ
i гl l,:З l"l ideas. Use the SPEAKING FОСUS to help you.
.
Д,ll

lп my opinion ...ДNhаt lmеап is.../ln fact... bein9 an опlу child

То Ье honest, l think/don't think ... . single-sex schools
. takin9 рагt in sрогts competitions
. wearing а school uniform
Тhеrе аrе а lot of advantages/disadvantages ... . being а man/woman
Опе/Апоthеr benefit is that ... . оwпiпg а pet
The main advantage of voluntary Work iS that ...
Тhеrе are drawbacks too. W
One of the mаiп disadvantages of voluntary wоrk is that ... , ''],i':,.],l|l,;i l;,;| i;. ,]1":"l' l!I,]Li;:;, ",
llil:
i
:,

Апоthеr disadvantage of voluntary wоrk is that ...

/г-
]
,, ]'i ll , ,:l , ; l,, .':i _|i,il"" |]l,]'i ] ]], ], ,i

Watch the video and practise. Then i

112 role-play уочr dialogue. ii

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'l Complete the sentences with words from the unit. 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
The first letter of each word is given. words iп brackets.
1 The bank rоььеr will have to s а 'l Му uпсlеЪ (shор/rоЬ) last уеаr so he
of twelve years. decided to install а Ьurglаr аlаrm.
2 The w_ was afraid to show hеr face in 2 John is going to _ (саrlsеrчiсе) Ьу
соuгt, so she was allowed to describe what she had а mесhапiс.
seen in а private rооm. 3 The (men/introduce) as police
3 Тhеrе аrе some criminals who t_ detectives, but l don't think they rеаllу wеrе.
а_ of оldеr реорlе, getting their banking 4 Yesterday, the police (sketch/make) of
information and stealing their mопеу. the suspect based on witпеssЪ descriptions.
4 l don't think this с will go to 5 (John/release) from hospitaI yesterday?
с_ because both sides seem to Ье willing 6 Jill was so пеrvоus in соuгt that she found it difficult
to forget about what happened. (ехрrеss/сlеаrlу).

2 Complete the sentences with the соrrесt form of the 6 Complete the text with опе word in each gap.
words in capitals.
1 ltъ hаrd to Ье а victim of а because
you пеvеr rеаllу feel safe in the streets after it GHRISTMAS JUMPER DАY
happens. MUG
2 Не was accused of the of а valuable
painting, but he c|aimed he hadn't taken it. THIEF
3 Веfоrе criminals а house, they make
surе no опе is at home. BURGLAR
4 lt was shocking to lеаrп that the who set
the school оп fire was actually а fire fighter. ARSON
5 We have reduced _ in оur аrеа Ьу having
the offenders rераir the damage. VANDAL

CompIete the second sentence with up to five words

so that it has а similar meaning to the first.
1 Next month the government will release five political
рrisопеrs.
Next month five political рrisопеrs _ .

2 А рrisоп guard took John to his new cell.

John to his new cell. Christmas is traditionally а time of giving. Apart from looking
З The lawyer's speech has impressed the jury. for perfect gifts for friends and family members, or buying
The jury Ьу the |аwуеr's speech. themselves new clothes so they сап look good, а lot of people
4 А private detective is investigating the rоЬЬеry. also think about those who are less fortunate and need to
The rоЬЬеry _ Ьу а private detective. helped in various ways.
5 А lot of people аrе installing security systems in this
neighbourhood.
Atthistimeoftheyear'moStchаrities,-money
collected Ьу volunteers so that they сап help the homeless
А lot of security systems in this
or the elderly and сап 3
а difference to these
neighbourhood.
people's lives.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the 0пе of the most interesting campaigns in the UK is
words in brackets. Use haye something done. Christmas Jumper Day, which usually takes place оп the
1 l follow my dentist's advice and l second Friday of December.
(check/my teeth) twice а уеаr.
The idea is that special Christmas jumpers should Ье worn
2 We (redecorate/house) fоr sечеrаl оп this day and that people should donate at least fl1 to
weeks. l hope itЪ очеr soon! Save the Children, the charity which organises the event.
3 Му sister (печеr/сuУhеr hаir) Ьу а Every year the donations used to help children
hаirdrеssеr. Му mum always does it. in 120 countries Ьу providing them with healthcare and food
4 _(painYyour flat) оr did you do it which they cannot afford to purchase Ьу themselves.
уоursеlf? Why do people support this campaign? u_ mу
5 Му neighbours _ (cut/the grass iп their
view, they do so because it's а fun and easy way of
garden) right поw - that's why it's so noisy. u_ а good deed! Almost everyone in the UK has
got а Christmas jumper. Мапу people don't buy them - they
are а popular Christmas present,

114
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 ВЕFОRЕ YOU WATCH How does the presenter sum up the difference
1 SШffi,,еý{frР-Jffi Discuss the questions. between уочп9 реорlеЪ and old реорlеЪ attitude
to jeans?
1 How many pairs of jeans do you have?
2 Where wеrе уоur jeans made?
3 Which styles and colours do you like best? Why? ýЗ Watch the rest of the video (О2:Оl-О3:16)
again and put the stages of the distressing process
2 Put the adjectives describing jeans чпdеr the in the соrrесt brder.
appropriate heading. Use а didionary if necessary. а The grinding machine П
r\ Ь Моrе washing with stones and bleach О
iфrеd distressed immaculate
с Adjusting the crinkles Ьу hand П
pristine second-hand vintage
!

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I !
d Using sand рарег to produce white lines П
е ltЪ finishedl П
NedGood condition Old/Bad condition f Моrе sanding to рrоduсе holes О
destroyed g ltЪ очеr to the wet processing аrеа П
7 How does the presenter react to his jeans being
WHILE YOU WATCH distressed?
3 @ Watch the video and answer the questions
about distressed jeans. АFТЕR YOU WATCH
'lWhеrе аrе they made?
8 ýРндКlГъJS Discuss the questions.
2 Why аrе they made?
3 How аrе they made? 1 Why do you think people рау mоrе fоr distressed
jeans than поrmаl jeans?
4 Ш Complete four extracts from the first part 2 Do you а9rее that'destroying denim is all about
of the video (up to 02:01) with the adjectives pretending that you've been thгоugh something that
from Exercise 2. Тhеп watch again and check уочr you haven't'?
anSWerS.
1 Тhе worldwide market fоr denim jeans is
епоrmоus, ung опе of the most рорulаr styles is
leanS.
',n
2 \\Ъ'r" lndb, *"'r" just heading towards а denim
factory that distresses denim and makes it look

3 Do you find it slightly strange that you take

something that is _ and
and you totally destroy it?
4 Yes, mostly уоuп9 people like garments with
а mоrе distressed look, mоrе look.

116
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fuEIEIý The Brujas

BEFORE YOU WATCH 6 @ Complete the sentences with the phrases

1 What do you know about
Sfl#jАШ{fl,,d{* iп Exercise 5. Тhеп watch the second part of the
skateboarding? Tell а partner in 60 seconds. video (00:45-02:46) again and check your answers.
2 Think about the positive and negative aspects of 1 ldeally, the Brujas would like thеir own skatepark
being а female skater. Use the words and phrases but in the meantime, they'd one day
in the Ьох and уочr оwп ideas. Compare with а week when only girls wеrе allowed.
а partner. 2 The Brujas have _. Тhеу'rе
r\Ьеiп9 called 'witches' male comments
their heritage and being рагt of ап
i all-female skаtеr сrеw gives them
сrеw falling
l
belonging to an all-fema]e
I 3 Street culture, itЪ still mеп. Just
fast park|
I

lack of female-only skate

|_эоiпэ when уоu'rе at the раrk, like, it can Ье very
Being ca/led witches: negative. uпсоmfогtаЬlе sometimes to hеаr, you know,
оr even just the way that some of
these men talk about the women in their lives.
WHILE YOU WATCH 4 Falling is, in its own way, one of my favourite things
3 Ш Watch the video and check your ideas in about skating, because it kind of and
Exercise 2. knocks уоu _ , and you hit the ground,
and уоu'rе like 'аrgh!' But then you feel invigorated
4 @ Watch the video again and answer the Ьу falling.
questions.
1 What аге the Brujas?
2 Whеrе do they meet?
АFТЕR YOU WATCH
2 Who has stагtеd the grоuр? 7 .$FjЁёi{-;+jg; Discuss the questions.
3 Why have they created the group? 1 Which activities (if any) аrе better in boy-only оr
4 How many members does the grоuр have at girl-опlу groups?
the moment? 2 What аrе the advantages of being раП of а group?
5 What do the Brujas want? 3 Do you belong to апу groups оr teams? What
kind?
5 Match 1-8 with a-h to mak е phrases. Use 4 What kind of activities take you out of уоur
а dictionary if necessary. соmfогt zone? Do you enjoy it? Whу?Дffhу not?
1 settle О а belonging
2 of а
give уоu а sense Ь bond
З ЙКе you Ьу а с of sth/sb
4 Ье exclusive П d fоr sth
5 degrading а е уоur соmfогt zone
6 have а sрЪсiаl а f comments
7 Ье proud а g surprise
8 outof П h tosb

118
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Ь EIЕtEl А hotel iп the c|ouds

ВЕFОRЕ YOU WATCH 4 @ ýPЖAKlhiffi Discuss what уоч expect to see in the
1 Look at the photo. lmagine
ffiЁ}ffiеfi{fiШWffi video. Тhеп watch the first part (00:00-01:56) and check
уоч аrе staying at this luxury hotel, deep уочr ideas.
in the Ecuadorian cloud forest. Discuss the
questions. m Watch the rest of the video (01:57-5:37) and answer
the questions.
1 How do you think you would get thеге?
2 How would you spend your time there? 1 What was Roque SечillаЪ fоrmеr title?
2 Why did hе build the hotel?
2 Complete the information about Mashpi 3 whеrе does he take Giles to view the hotel and the forest?
Lodge with the words iп the Ьох. 4 How соmfогtаЬlе is Giles with heights?
{\ 5 What does Roque think people think about him?
i1,500 Аmеrjса equator guest plant 6 What is RоquеЪ latest project and what is it fоr?
iOuito three twenty-two two west
I

)
l
7 How does Monica test the rеsсuе рrосеdurе?
i.uudol. is situated оп the
8 How does she feel about testing the system?
'_
coast of South '_and the Ш Complete the phrases with the почпs in the Ьох.
'- goes асrоss the соuпtгу. Тhеп watch the video а9аiп and check your answers.
Mashpi Lodge is located in Mashpi Reserve in
the middle of the cloud forest, \ ----- ui.*rl
гfоr"rt hotel lрrосеdurе rеsеrче tower - -J
hоurs' driче frоm the capital, u_ .
1 а mazi n g/Ьrеаthtа ki п g/u n iq u е
2 eco/l uxu ry/susta i па bl е
цljч:.1х::].нЕ,;l: з dense/huge _
а night. Тhеrе аrе 4 observation
members of staff fоr every 5 ргiчаtе
'_. The hotel was opened а few 6 rеSсuе
уеаrs а9о. ltЪ ап eco-hotel with breathtaking
views fгоm every window. ltЪ like а giant АFТЕR YOU WATCH
treehouse. People trачеl from all очеr the 7 Choose three phrases from Exercise 6. Write two trче
world to ехреriепсе the extraordinary animal sentences and опе false one. Read your sentences to уочr
and 10_ |ife. partner for him/her to guess which sentence is false.

WHILE YОU WATCH 8 ffiРЖ,fl\ЖfiF*ffi Would you like to stay or work at Mashpi Lodge?
Why?/Why not? TeI! your partner.
3 @ Listen the first part of the video
(up to 01:56) without looking at the screen
and check уочr answers to Exercise 2.

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мочs oprls lпоЛ a>ielu о1 оlемцоs аsоочэ :g dэ15 {}
] 1аqэец чеоN epnl Лэп1 uaJnel xolv
,рре о}
}ueм поЛ sluашшоэ {ue pue uмочs t} l

эq lllM soloqd чэ!чм ul lэрJо эч} }noqe ,ашеч eJ}xa ачо sl аlэчI ,хоq очl ч! Sощеч

]Ulч} 'Sl аL1,1ач}.rпоr{ 1erlM ^^ou) no{ аэug :7 dэ15 оч} чr!м SuolldlJ)Sap эчl чэ}ещ pue (gg: L- L?:o)
iuoslad.ro аэеld ;еlэаds е аqllэsар о} оар!л оч} +о цеd рчоэеs эч} ч]lем W
}ueM no{ об ачs!ul+ о} Ue}s шо.r1 Лерrlоч оч} ач р!р }ечлл t
о1 asn
аор
dn шпs 1sn[.lo ,to}s эllrэаds е llэl о} }uем об эsп эч
;,{epl;or1 uo о} р|р оJочлл z
no{ об ,ашач}.lпо{ uo арlээр ,a,l 'Motls UоSег
арu!+ PlP }ечлл [
эрl;s lno{ ul мочs о} }uем по{ 1eqM )ulчI :1 do15 ,suol1sanb ач} Joмsue pue
,мочs эрlls е э}еаJ)
(ои:о о1 dn) оар!л ач} +о цеd 1s,l;д ачl ч)lем ýý
pue sЛep;;or1 ;поЛ,о ачо бч;.lпр loo} по{ solorld
ач} оsгl ,раJечs эч ol }чеаш aJe sэlJоl,чаrч /(ер;;оц q
s,еqчещ
;
Г nllpI,I..,1c
рuе|}оэS nlpr(arlIл
рlе,(аulл рLr,о,л,'
эчl sp||ec sпldЛз
l
,мочs aplls o1oqd /(ерl;оq е а}еаJэ 9 ] ю!Jts!с а)еl
роз эdез еluJо}l|еэ euozlvJ
}

s|l!>ts le}lбlc о uоl}e)|uпшшоэ . ,{1lлllеа;1 Itt"^urоэ

Slll)S ]Jll No SпэоJ аЛчм pue }!s!л о} a)!l }Sol,u no{ р;пом W!ч;
;rчэ!l;о Лче ol чээq .lэла по{ ален ара}еэоl
хоq ач} u1 sаэе;d ачl eJe эJэ[{fi[ :
аеJечl ор
ll],,"1.1""

о} asn поЛ plp tечм а|ооч)s ol luaм поЛ o.1oдoq

Лер;lо1,1 uo об ol asn поЛ plp оJачм ::_ll.i;.,,l"l::';;t;l{j 9
.PeoJ
pue об ,puno;e )leм 9
l1lЗ.._]З!]З
Jоч }lslл pue sdu1 peoJ uо об о} рэsп ерпl ý
,||lчэ
Pue
-
эч}еquпs I
эч} о} об о} рэsп {эп1 у
,S)Jed

|euol}eN }lslл pue об о} posn uэlпеl Е

,Sa)!q aPll
PUe
l!nl+ - ';ood оч} о} об о} pasn чеоN z

pue бull1ем'6utdшеэ об о} рэsп хе|V L

,dеб rlэеа
ч!-pJorvr эчо чl!м sa)uoluos ачl аlа;dшоэ pue
(gо:g- lч|й оэр!л ач} }о }sal ачl ч)lем
m n

s{ерIlоч }поqч боIл ýпэоJ q

o'EIEtE umami

BEFORE YOU WATCH 5 Rearrange the letters to describe the five basic
1 ýryffi,*чfl{IFdffi Discuss the questions. tastes.
1 yalts salty
1 How many dishes сап уоu think of that contain
2 tesew
tomatoes?
2 WhаtЪ your favourite savoury dish? Describe how it
3 rebtit =
4 ruso
tastes.
5 imuma
3 WhаtЪ уоur favourite desseгt? Describe how it
tastes. 6 (ЙВ Watch the second part of the video (О0:45-
02:06) and check your answers. What three things
2 ffiшffiДii{нfl\jffi Discuss the food choices. Which would does the presenter say аЬочt umami?
you choose? Why?
1 courgettes оr aubergines? 7 m Watch the rest of the video (02:О7-4:20).
2 cabbage оr саrrоts? Are the statements true or false?
3 sausage and mash оr fish and chips? 1 The ргеsепtеr has come to Spain to find the umami
4 beef and riсе оr tofu and noodles? fruit.
5 steak and friеd egg with tomato оr mushrooms? 2 20,000 people attend La Tomatina festival.
6 pasta ог Ьrеаd? З La Tomatina is the wоrldЪ biggest music festival.
7 оrапgе оr lemon juice? 4 The festival stагtеd with а street fight.
8 stir-fry оr сurry? 5 The umami extracted frоm tomatoes tastes
'tomatoey'.
WHILE YОU WATCH 6 Тhе umami taste comes from а glutamate
molecule.
3 @ Watch the first part of the video (up to
00:44) without sound. Which of the two food 8 Шý Watch again. Check your answers and
choices in Exercise 2 do уоч see in the video? correct the faIse statements.

4 m Complete the text with the words in the

ьох. There are two extra words. Тhеп watch the AFTER YOU WATCH
first part of the video again with sound and check 9 Sffiffi-е,ШЕru# Would you like to go to La Tomatina
уочr answers. festival? Why?/Why not?
\
bland delicious dish rап9е right smell wrопзJ
{

Flачоur makes оur food 1

. Each flачоuг
is а combination of 2 and taste. when
you get that combination '_, food tastes
amazing. But what is taste? Thai food is рагtiсulаrlу
good at combining а wide of different
tastes in опе

122
tz,l

,чSlр ач} SSопб

о} шоч} >|Se рuе SSе|э JпоЛ о} шочl }uэSоJd

uэч}'suоl}эпJlsul ,lпо{ бur{es эsl}эеJd :9 da15

,sэssэпб Jlэч1 э]еш ,{оr1l;эце ssр|э оч}
аацlоч 1е бчllео s,очм рче lno
мочs о} чslр рэчslul} ач} Jo оlоqd е элеч бчllеа s,очм ,аlqе} ar1l аlо;dtuоэ рче (zz:1-gt:о)
os;e Леш noд,s}ualpa.lбul эчi +о suol}ej}sn||l
lо soloqd ашоs oledэ;d 'alqrssod +| iашеu
оар!л ач} }о цеd рчоэаs эчl чэlем m
s}l osn о} }ou Jэqшэшэ.l }пч 'qslp lпо{ ,sdTtlc
эн ,эJoJaq
бu 11 еш Jo} suоl}эпJ}su l dols-r{q-dals оl еdэlб :у do15 рuв чsU эIuоs э>Iеш о} ачтI рIпол\ 1I

,}оulэ}u| ач} uo эuор fрвэJIв sвч эн ,шэчl JоJ >Iooc о} sвч эч эsпзсэq
,(ddBq sI эн ,JэuuIр fцruвд sIч рэlIлuI sвч uosвf
Jo s)ооq)ооэ ,6,э ur qsll6uз ut sаdtэаl ашоs "rод

}е >|оо| 'suоl}эп.l1sul 'lпоЛ aledald поЛ эlоlаg :g do15 ,sJaмsue .lno{

,раэu поЛ (ued 'о+!u) ,6,э) s;oo1 ))оW pue чlебе чэlем
чочI ,lxa} ачl ч! salelsltдl Jno+ poJJo) рче (zч:о
uочэ}l) pue s}ualpo.1бul эч}}о 1sr; е эlеdа;6 :7 da15 о1 dn) оар!л ачl +о бu;uu;6aq очl чэlем
,(rl >|ооэ
as;a {роqашоs uaas олеч Jo 'alo}oq
m
paledold элеrq по{ бurq}эшоs аq p|noм c}I SeM
}ечм;{роqашоs lo+ |еаш е рэ>|ооэ.lолэ no{ элен у
}sэq оч}) э]еш оl моч моu) pue a1l; поЛ
бulri}ошоs аsоочэ о} eapl рооб е Е}| ,}поqе аuорuоl о} }uом по,{ 1r 1еа no{ P|noM }ечм t
a}l pul+ о} }s1.1no} е llar по{ p;noM
)lel о} бulоб э;е поЛ чslр }ечм арlэос :1 da15 аJачм pue ,tluпоэ lпоЛ +о чSlр |euol}eu ач} q}ечм z
,чS!р аllJполе+
ароочJпоqqбrэu lпоЛ ur роо1
.lпоЛ алец.r о} моч suolpnJlsul pallelap а.lеdо.lб 9 lечl Jо эsэulчэ 'uelIe}| }sэq ач} 1об поЛ uеэ аlачм
,suol1sanb еч} ssn)slo г,i1-, i
Uоl}еf, lUпшшоэ . r{ltпtlеэ.lз
Slll)S ]lll No SпэоJ

a)ulJp о} бulоб {lloH sI }ечм 9

а)ооэ },uеэ очм 9

n
Е
z

4.}qбruo1 бullооэ эшоs ор ol бurоб sl очм L

,suol1sanb
ачl Jaмsue рче чlебе sмa!лJolu! ач} чэlем
ЕiЭ
дбчlчала ý!чl lea ol elll lsоtл
по{ p;noM очо чэ!чм аsочs!р ачr }о ;;е Mou1 поЛ
оG ,чо!lчаtл sJaleads ot4l sачs!р ачr lle чмор o}lJrn
рче (? Lzz-tzz 1) оар;л ечl +о lsal очl WleM m

роо} }поqч боlл sпэоl q

Ь EIEý chameleons

BEFORE YOU WATCH 7 Ев complete the text with the expressions in

1 You аrе going to watch а video about chameleons Exercise 6. Then watch the video а9аiп and check.
iп the wiId. Which words оr phrases in the Ьох are Hunting is'_. Неrе 2
you likely to hеаr? Use а dicionary if necessary.
Because you just пеvеr know whоЪ watching, The
Соmраrе with а partner.
РаrsопЪ chameleon is an ехрегt iп the З

fhunting high tide targets рrеу stick insect ] business. lt lets its eyes do all the wоrk while the rest
*еароп tongue matchstick jungle predator of О_ so as not to sсаrе possible targets.
i l

I
mountain rап9е escape рrауiпg mantis die out Тhе рrоЬlеm is that he can only see рrеу if it moves.
strike insect
i

So, is this а stick insect оr а stick? Aha. 5

flightning )
а tongue longer than its body.

WHILE YOU WATCH The РаrsопЪ close cousin, the nasutum chameleon
has the same wеароп but in miniature. As small as а
2 ýТr1 ffiрffiдfr{fifldffi Listen to the first part of the
matchstick it needs to get much сlоsеr to its рrеу. But
video (up to 00:52) without looking at the sсrееп
and discuss what уоч expect to see. even with 6 this isn't the meal deal he
was hoping fоr.
3 [Ф lPl Watch the first part of the video
(up to 00:52) and check your ideas in Exercise 2.
AFTER YOU WATCH
tбв watch the whole video and answer the 8 SР*Дt{ýlЧG Discuss the questions.
questions. 1 Has anything in the video surprised you?
1 How do the Раrsопъ сhаmеlеоп, the nasutum 2 Do you think it is wогth watching nature
chameleon and the рrауiпg mantis catch their рrеу? documentaries? Whу?ДNhу not?
2 What ехtrаоrdiпаry abilities do these animals have? 3 lf you had the chance to make а nature
documentary, what topic you would focus on?
@ Watch the video а9аiп. Which three words Why?
or phrases in Exercise 'l аrе NOT used?

Match '|-6 with a-f to make expressions. Use

а dictionary if песеssаry.
't see and not П а slow motion
2 а печеr-епdiпg game а ь as its stomach
3 time to unleash LJ с of hide and seek
4 eyes as big а d Ье seen
5 its body mЪчеs iп а е still and blend in
6 it pays to sit U f its secret wеароп

124
ýzt

,рэlп;lоd э}lпЬ шечJпс s{es qеоц у

П s|
,pue|sl
П чsll}оэS |lешs е sl
оч} ur оэе;d рэrп;;оd }seo| ач} s>lu|чl sо)
)п
,sa|eд о} uааq Jэдаu sеч
t
П чsэлас z
,|eJnJ Л;ап аlэtlмэшоs
О хэlV L
sl
)п оч} ur ээеld рэrп;lоd }see| ач} s>|ulч}

;fi) аs;ед Jo (il эпJl sээчоlчаs ачl

аry ,(97:g-9o:z) оар!л эч} +о lseJ ечl чэlем [Гý
,SUоlSSlшэ оч1 ?
}о iol е uMoP }пэ Sеч ouoz uээJD
,peq ftэл uorln;;od oqt
sэ]еш sosnq pue slxe1 ut sаutбuэ |asalp +о asn очl Е
,Jэlsea
1rq э|}}ll е бurцоб sl бurlэ,{з 7
,sаэеds uao;6 о} ssэээе
iчэаэdS JnoЛ Jэлl|ас :dols leulJ рооб sеч uopuol L
,SSе|э оч}

о} }l }uэsaJd о1 aлlle}uosa;da.l е аsоочэ рuе [ч.о,ч sэ) чsа^ао *"м]

\-
sdnolб ur qэоэds.lпоЛ бurluasold эsl}эе.ld :9 de15 хоq оч} ч! Sашеч
,1хэ1 оlэldшоэ е олеч ачr чr!м sluaщe}els ачl чэlеш pue (79:7-6f:0)
оар!л ачl,о цеd puoэas ачl W}ем
поЛ ;rlun rlэээds .rno{ 1о sued эаJч} lle ul lllJ :у da15
[m
uоtlsабuоэ е элеч эм
i ,аldшrs pue
Uочs seopl lпоr{ doo1 о} Jаqшашоu :dlt i
pue Лрrр оо} шаоs },usaop Jle ач} t
,uJеэ| о} оэuоlрпе ам 'uеаш ,эш о} l }еч1 рэшааs
ач} }ечм no{ 1eqM oq р|почs Л.rешшпs эr_1} lодэU S,}l pue эrr11 ,{ш ||е uорuоl ul ралl| эл,l z
,p|loм ач} u| аэеld
pue yed о|ррlш/ulеш эч} аq р|почs 7 dals
ач} эq }qбlш ,sl
шоJ+ S|le}aP ач}'uоllэпро.l}Ul оч} aq р|почS }! )ulч} l - }l uеа|э pue
эбеssаш ulеш Jпол ,tlэээds lпоЛ оul|}по uе
1о
uооlб рuе - моч эш бur;1o1sdao1 эч1
pue uобеrluоdоз L].lolJ )эеq ошоэ 1sn[ s,рuэu+ Л]л L
o.redэ;d 'Z рuе ;, sdals шоJ+ sэ}оu ;по{ бulsл :g da15
,sаэчоlчаs ачt еlа;dшоэ pue (g7:9
о1 dn) оар!л ач},о бuluul6aq ечl чэ}ем
Г lаlем7Лбl"ч"
"n"rl - [аý Z
i а;эr{эаl 1.1odsue.l1эl;qnd аsп Jo а;эЛэIq е эр,l
;{;рuэu1
I

| бulбеlэеd э;rsеld +о asn цш!l l

L чебал об роо+;еэо; Лпq
ssa; ,tnqJ
-оээ
;paln1lod ssэ; {1rэ
аlачм аэе;d эч} )ulч} по{ об g
Sl алr; по,{
е э)еш о} эuор аq uеэ }ечм z
,sеэрl uMo .lnoЛ.lo no{
д{;рuаul-оээ эq эм uеэ мон L
d;ar1 оl хоq ач} ul suol}n|os эч} аsп uеэ пол ,suol1sanb оч} ssn)slq g1,щlнyжdж
L
,uo!}e}uэsa.id .lnor{
1о ped uleLu эч} эq lllM
slч} - элrб о1 }uем по{ аэrлре эrllэаds }ечм
pue rlэоэds lno{ }о s|le}эp оч} uo эр|ээс :7 da15

,}!
шоl} ulеэ| о} аэuаlрпе оч}
}ueM no{ 1erlM pue Леs о} }uем no{ 1eqM
арlэар р|почs пол,еэрl utеш;по{ dо;олаq dels
,lчещчоJIлчэ очl
lэа}о.ld d;aq о1 ор чеэ
.lабечааl Л.lэло }ечм }поqе (sеlпчlш lqбle о1 dn)
qэаеds Uочs е a}lJrn 'эоJчl;о sdno.1б .lo s.lled u; 9
чоl}еJоqЕllоэ . Uоl}еэlUпшшоэ . бullurq} lеэ!}llэ
Slll)S ]lll Nо SпэоJ

}uашuоJlлuэ эч} }поqч бо]л sпэоJ q

Ь EIEIý Caffeine alternatives

BEFORE YOU WATCH Discuss which alternative уоч think

:."iЁfl:Дflqiihj{"}
is most likely to increase alertness and which to
1 1li}il*Ьt{,1ЁЦ{"э Discuss the questions.
improve реrfоrmапсе.
1 Which caffeine-based drinks (coffee, tea, cola,
епеr9у drinks, etc.) do you drink rеgulаrlу?
2 What effect does too much caffeine оr not enough
@ Watch the rest of the video (О2:О3-4:О5) and
check уочr ideas iп Exercise 4. Which results do
caffeine have on you, if апу? you find surprising?
3 What do you eat or drink if you need to stay awake
оr stay аlегt fоr something?
@ Complete the sentences from the video with
the correct fоrm of the adiectives in Exercise 2.
2 Complete the table with the adjectives in the Ьох
Watch again and check.
to describe the different effects caffeine сап have
оп people. Use а dictionary if necessary. And, of course, thеrеъ the added bad side of the fact
(\ that if l have too much of the stuff, it makes me
I
activ,e alert anxious awake 2_,
and which is the last
[.drowsy jittery sleepy
I

) thing l want as а su19еоп who has to hold а knife in

their hands. so what аrе the alternatives if we want
not enough caffeine us stay з_ and
;:Y'*elp
the right amount l would've thought that if you have sugаr at that point
of caffeine
in the day whеrе уоu'rе feeling а bit 5_
and 6_ , that that rеаllу perks you up. So it
seems that sage could Ье the alternative we've been
looking for to make us mоrе '_ in the
WHILE YOU WATCH аftеrпооп. But аrе уоu sure уоu'rе rеаdу to swap уоur
3 @ Match natural alternatives to coffee 1-4 cappuccino for а leaf of sage?
with descriptions a-d. Тhеп watch the first part of
the video (up to 02:02) and check your answers. АFТЕR YOU WATCH
1 Sugar/fudge О 3 Chewing gum U 7 fif,:jifiд${:1fЧd.Ъ Do you think Sage соч!d become

2 Sage 4 Placebo
JJ)

О П а рорчlаr alternative to coffee? Whу?ДД/hу not?

аА hеrЬ that contains а chemical that helps the

connection between Ьrаiп cells.
Ь А substance used to check that people don't feel
different just because they're taking а pill.
с А sweet snack containing glucose fоr an епеr9у
boost.
d А food that rеsеаrсh suggests could make us mоrе
аlеrt.

126
 Leb

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о} бurоб эJо}эq ouoqd slч ч}!м ор Jа}эd saop }ечм 9
,ээlлре бulлl6.1оlsоd е aledo.rd
aор uelsnu sэор }ечм ý
р|поэ по{;о '6olq |оочэs эч} uо }sod е дdээ;s о} бulоб оJо+оq )ulJp Лllон sэор }ечм
?
.lo оutzебеш |оочэs оч} Jo} э|эlUе uе o}lJM
дЛ;.lе;пбэl ор чеоN sэор
}ечм Ё
,оJlеuuоl}sэпЬ lnor{
р|поэ поЛ 'оэuе}sul JoJ adoo;se l|e} JаqшV sdlэq ээlлэр }ечм z
}о s}|nsoJ оч} lпоqе sоssе|э Jэч}о шlо+u| :9 da15 д{;rsео оlош dээ;sе |leJ о} ор ul}sпг soop }ечм L
,ssе|э lпоЛ о1}! ,sчоlрэпЬ эчl Joмsue
}uэsa.ld uоq} 'uot}eluэsa;d
lоlпdшоэ Uочs е lo la}sod е эlеаlз pue (g7:g-?0:z) оар!л ач} }о lseJ эчl чэlем gg_ý
,o)!q е sosn pue бutuunl sэоб
,лер ач} Du|JnP SJle}S эч}
t
Sэ>|е1_ 9
,oul)|eм Saoo uэцо
сuопсе-f zuouce-] lчопэе-f ý
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1о; е sо;э{э у
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l^ ачl о} л
a>|l| р|пом- €
,шло оь рuе ч}о8 z
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Jalad чеоN\
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Г.pnl че|sпu
чltsпг Лllон lаqшу
l

l |

-}

а ч r ч }!м ;Jý"'": ffJ-"" Ь'Л ;]?Т ?] ;;:Н:;

,мо|эq оар!л ечl +о цеd рчоэаs очl ч]lвм @
sэ;dшехэ эч} ,(qde;б lo Uечэ эld е
}е ]ооl
,6,э) шlо1 дdоэ;s }noqe Леs эq sэор }ечм g
;еэrqdеlб ul s}lnsal эч} dn шпS :7 da15
.uоl}Uош
а{чм аs}lqеч dоа;s7оsrэ.lахо оч soop Лqllеаq рuе }!} бuldэа>l1о s{eM }ечм z
реq Jo рооб алеч lоочэs;по{ ul s}uэрп}s ,SuоSеэJ
ач1 ос ,SuоlSп|эuоэ MeJP элlD auos.lod олlре ue sl uоsег )ulч} поr{ oq t
рUе S}lnsэl эч} }е
1оо1 'эlа;dшоэ Sl эlleuuol}sanb эr_lt uэчм :g dэ15 ,suol1sэnb оч} Jaмsue pue
,оq
lllM sllnsal.lnoЛ
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ВЕFОRЕ YOU WATCH 6 [(>tB] Watch the whole video again. Are sentences
1 ffiРffi&ff{ЁМffi Discuss the questions. 1-7 true (Т) оr false (F)?
1 How mапу ShаkеsреаrеЪ plays сап you think of? 1 lt was unusual fоr actors to use big gestures in
2 How many Shakespearean сhаrасtеrs сап you name? ShаkеsреаrеЪ time. п
3 Have you sееп any ShаkеsреаrеЪ p|ays? Did you 2 Players of the чiгtuаl reality game can choose
like them? Whу?Дffhу not? their ачаtаrъ costume. lN
3 The avatars on sсrееп аrе Lord and Lady
2 You're going to watch а video аЬочt а virtual
reality game based оп ShаkеsреаrеЪ plays. Match
Macbeth. о
the words in the Ьох with the iп the table.
4 The sсепе shows Lady Macbeth in good health. п
5 The рrеsепtеr finds it easy to play the game. ll
LJ

ГЗВ_""** animated fi]m audience costumef 6 The first Elizabethan theatre in Nогth Аmеriса
aigit.l dramatic gestures language media was built iп 19З2. ll
I
perform реrfоrmеr sсепе sсrееп stage 7 Michael Witmore is against using technology
I

I
[*technology theatre virtualreality
to understand Shakespeare. о
'J

А virtual reality game ShаkеsреаrеЪ play АFТЕR YОU WATCH

7 *.Ё=ёýЕi*G Would you like to play the game presented
iп the video? Why?/Why not?

WHILE YOU WATCH 8 ýF*ý:{truG Match 1-6 with a-f to make famous
3 @ Watch the first part of the video Shakespeare quotes. Then discuss what they mеап.
(up to 00:44) without sound and answer the 1 All the wоrldЪ а stage,
questions.
П
2 То Ье, оr notto Ье: П
1 What аrе the two регfоrmеrs doing? 3 Good night, good nightl ;
2 WhаtЪ the audience watching? 4 ls this а dagger П
3 WhаtЪ happening on the sсrееп? 5 lf music Ье the food of love, П
6 Friends, Romans, countrymen, П
4 @ Watch the first part again with sound and
check your ideas in Exercise 3. а Рагtiпg is such sweet sоrrоw. (Romeo апd Juliet)
Ь which l see before me ...? (Macbeth)
5 @ Watch the rest of the video (0О:45-О3:О9) с and all the mеп and women mеrеlу рlауеrs. (As Yоu
and answer the questions. Like /t)

1 Why was the game created? d lend me уоur ears. (Julius Caesar,)
2 Why do реор|е think the game is effective? е that is the question. (Hamlet)
3 Why isn't it surprising that the game is based оп f play on. (Trrye/fth Д/ight)

Shakespeare?

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BEFORE YOU WATCH 7 Match '|-6 with a-f to make phrases from the
1 ffiЁJft,,Д-Ш{lНС{# Discuss how popular coffee is in уочr
video.
country. Where do people buy it, make it, drink it? 1 Ьrеаk П
2 build u ]
2 Which skills are necessary to rчп а coffee stall? J 9аlп LJ
Compare уочr ideas with а partner. 4 getsb О
{ 5 getoff П
л,,оло skills *лло.r_Ьол-lliлл skills
oLillo money-handling oLillo l
I foreign language бruп П
skills
l

i people management skills lT

j problem-solving skills time management skills
i
а into work
skills
i
ь the streets
[.leadership ) с а business
d сагееr
WHILE YOU WATCH е the cycle (of homelessness)
3 @ Watch the first part of the video f the skills
(00:00-01:05). How did the organisation Change
Please help Tom and Adam? АFТЕR YOU WATCH
4 @ Watch the second part of the video (01:06 8 Read the quotes from the video and
.i=ii*;;;,i,,iit,.i;
discuss the questions.
- 01:26). Which of the skills in Exercise 2 do the
people from Сhапgе PIease mепtiоп?
When l got this job, it rеаllу
5 ýý] Watch the rest of the video (O1z27-2z18|. changed eveфhinq fоr me.
Has Сhапgе Please Ьееп а success? Has it solved the ;"; l got а little dignity back. i

problem of homelessness?
]' , l ,l""p in а bed. 1'

6 @ Answer the questions. Тhеп watch the whole

|'m геаllу proud.
video and check your answers.
', дЬrаhаm
'l what was Тоmъ situation when he аrriчеd in the uk?
2 What was Tom like Ьеfоrе Change Please helped
him?
1 What does this tell us about how to hеlр people
3 How is Tom helping Adam today?
get off the streets?
4 What does Change Please provide fоr its employees?
2 Do you know of any organisations that help
5 Who has his face оп а packet of coffee?
homeless people in уоur соuпtгу? How do they
6 What do rесепt figures оп homelessness suggest?
help them?
7 What does the speaker think the gочеrпmепt needs to
do?
8 What аrе АЬrаhаmЪ words of епсоurаgеmепt?
9 How does АЬrаhаm feel?

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thё Words in brackets. Use the Present simple or
Dynamic verbs like do, work and р/ау describe actions and thё Рrёsепt сопtiпчочs.
can Ье used iп both types о{ tenses - simp|e (е.9. the Present 1 Му brother (love) faded jeans,
Simple) and continuous (е.9. the Present Сопtiпчоч5): 2 I (see) what you mеап.
/ оftеп listen to ciassical music з Sbe (think) of buying а пеw denim
l'm listening to Mozart поw. jacket,
State (or stative) чеrЬs include: 4 Today, l (need) to ЬUу а Silk tie fоr
. attitude чеrЬs (describing {eelings, emotions, рrеfеrепсе5, my dad.
etc.), e,g. hate, like,love, prefer
5 At the moment hе (have)two саrS
. mental/thinking verbs, е.9. believe, know, need, remember; and а mоtоrыkе.
think, understand, want (Ben/have) а bath поw?
6
. sense/perception verbs, е,9, fee/, hеаr; see. 7 (noVthink) |'ll buy tho5e ЬооЪ.
State чеrЬ5 are mostly used in simple tenses, ечеп ifthey rе{еr 8 оur boss (Want) to know Why We
to something hаррепiп9 at the moment of speaking: haven't 5ent him the documents yet.
Do you understand mе?
Does 5hе Want to 9о to а mus,c festiva/?
choose the correct option.

some state verbs сап Ье used in the сопtiпuоu5 fоrm, but with 1 Unfortunately, they don't remember / are поt
а сhапgе iп mеапiпg (е.9. think, hаче. iook): rеmеmЬеriпg anything now.
Do I look good iп thb dress? (state) 2 Pete plays / is playing video games again.
wbat are уоц looking at? (action) 3 Why does Ме9 hate,/ is Meg hаtiлg wearing leggings?
4 Now l dоп't under;tand /'m поt uпdеrstалdiпg
anything hеЪ saying.
choose the соrrесt option.
5 Kate sme//s / is sme//rng hеr new perfume, again. She
1 l think /' m thinking about going to а fashion show must like it а lot.
tomorrow. 6 What do you thiлk / are you thiпkiпg about this fleece?
2 l don'tthink /'m поt th'nkiлg the show was а success, ls the соlоur ок?
З Do you have / Аrе you having а favourite fashion 7 Sue /ooks,/ls /ooking gоrgеоus in this пеw silk Ыоusе.
designer? Everybody /ooks z is /ooking at hеr,
4 Does Тim have / ls Tim having breakfast right поw? 8 Did you hеаr МаrkЪ story about those Spanish реорlе
5 What does Sa//y /oak / is Sally lookiпg ike? ls she tall? hе met? l dont be/ieve / l'm поt Ьеliеviлg him. Не
6 l пееd / l'm needingto gototheshop, Сап l getyou
doesn't even speak Spanish.
an}4hing?
7 Сап уоч talk to Luisa? 5hе is iп the сапtееп and shе is Write sentences from the prompts. Use the Present
asking / asks everybody weird questions. Simple or Present Continuous. Add extra words where
8 Еvегу time l watch this film, l'm feeling / l feel rеа||у sаd. necessary.
Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the 1 We / have / great time / here, in Ваrсеlопа.
words in brackets. Use the Present simple оr the
present continuous. 2 why,/ it / feel / so cold / in this building?
1А: (George/talk) to that fаshiоп journaliSt
in Frепсh? 3 l / not/ rеmеmЬеr/апЦhiпg / right now.
В: No wayl Не (поt speak) any foreign
langua9es. 4 you / rесоgпisе / this place?
2А: (you/like) reading fashion magazines?
в; Ofcourse- l (buy) а few every month. 5 my mum / not drive /today.
3А: (hе,/Wапt) to Ьuу that expensive
suit? 6 you / hеаr / that sound?
В: весаusе he (believe) it Will make him
look smагtеr. 7 we / think / of / buy / пеw laptop.
4 А: You (look) misеrаЬlе, WhаtЪ wrопg?
B:l (not usually/wear) high heels and 8 lr/lka / not/ drink/tea, he/ hate/ it.

the ones l (wеаr) today аrе very

чпсоmfоrtаые, 9 he / work / оп а пеw рюjесt / right now?
5 А: Oh, look| ТhеrеЪ КimЬеrlу, What
(she/buy)? 10 l usually / hаче / fun / at МеgапЪ parties.
В: SоmеtЬiпg awful again, l don't know why she
(рrеfеф pink to аll other со очrs.
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a+!nS 1еч}(алеч/эч) бuо1 моц :у у
1 '&los q9 :g
,э|lqоLU {L! (ёsоD
Л|чо a|dmls
;dn s,}еqд бuru.roul ра}эd luasald раsпач+ ul aJe sq]э^ a}e}S
slч} аэчls noi{ ||еэ o1(i{,]1) l:ч€ ,SаSчэl ом} эч}
}о ]ач}!а ul чэчм эSп 1,чор эм
^||е]ачаб
sчо|}sапЬU]
,ш) Uаэ+l+ (чп0 ,sэl 't16
zUэl+!J,и ач ,еч s)oaq ]fuещ мон
1 :g
,рэJl} >loo| пол :v z jr{Uвщ,rоч ч}lм u!6aq чачо a|dmls раJJэJ }UаSэ,]d
a(UпJ/поЛ)
,Mo]]o!uo}
}l qsruц ol adoq pue ач} чl Sчо|}Sапо ,Uоlрр че }о }|nsal ачl Jо 1чаLuэлаlчэе
.{ер 1,,(11еаl 1ou '11ед :g
uр Uo sпэо} о+ а|dщ!s tээ#аd luэsаJd эч1 эSп ам .
||р }l (о+Uм)

;lessэ lпоЛ 1L,lstug7nol1 :vt ,s]oog бч!t!лr Uаэg ачs s9ч бчоl мон
,sпопч!}чоэ :6цоl ,!rоч ч}|м
,s}а])еJч чlбэq чацо SпопUl}чоэ ра#оd }uasara ач} ul sUollsэno
Jo а|dщ!s рэFаd lчаsэ.|d эчl аsп ч| sqJaл ,(а}а|drцоэ эq
}оu,(еш ]о Лрщ чэlчм) ýsаэо]d ]о чоllэе
ачl,о luJo} paJJo) эч1 ч}!лrr sапбо|е!р ач1 аlаldtцоэ аМ .
Ue uo SПЭОj О} sПОПulluОЭ РаЛаd }uаsЭJс| аЧl asn
,6utulor.u аэuls
st1,11 0l. aa|dtцls раяаd }uasaJd Jo ýпопч!lчоэ рауэd luaýald
,slеа,{,{чеш lо1
6
,р|lчэ
llешs е seм | аэчls 8
.6Ul{lэ ]|/ёчs/ач ýеч
,sЛер j бulr{J)
oмllo} L seU ОЧМ " чааq ,{эqуам
бuo1
,Ual seм чэаq элеч мон
| аэчls 9 /пол/|
,lеа,{ е uеq} эlоru lо1
ý suollýanb рэlqпs suollsanb -чм

,lued ,{epqltq
,,{eplo1so,{ аэuts
t ,},чýеч
ll/ачs/ач 'oN }!
ре1 ,{Lu оэuls t 'sеЧ }]/ЭЧý/ЭЧ 'sэл iбчl/0э /эчs/ач
,ч}uоLл е ,l,чалЕч,{очVэм/по,{/|'оN
}seeIle Jo} z
,рUэ]ээм ээUls ,алеq,(эqуом7по,(71'sад
}Se| ь
.5попч!lчоэ ýJэплsче чочs
Jo a|dtц!s lээуаd 1чаsаrб aql as11 ,11эs.rпо,(
1llочs
lпоqе чопещJо}ч! ч}lм sa)ualuas ачl эlа|dщоэ
/эн
;qбо9 uen
tr"ч1
,{q бutluted srql бчllrеч uаоq / реч по,{ e,,,eq бuо1 моц q 1

ZЛеро1 /поNl
раltstл 7 бutltsttl uaaq чес sеч sэtlаllеб ре ,{чеш моц 6 ал!рбэN эл!}ешJ!J+ч
iбurulotu ;;е ,{essa ;поХ бulзt;M чаэg 7 чалtlм no,{ алец g
,аrUls
16uqем uaaq 7 раllем поl алеq бuо| мон /
sбutluted stt1 1о 1sotu бulaas uaog 7 uaas э,л,; 9 Pue.!o, арп|эUl 5попUl}uоэ рё#аd luasa]d ач} ч+lм раsп
,|оочэS suotssaldxa arut1 uоu]шоэ 'aldu]lS ]эо!аd +чаsаJd ач+ ё]ll
,ftep
Л.]еu]ud аэu]s еlчluЛэ бutMoul uoэq 7 uMoul sеч ччог 9 це бulуцеd чоэq ал,/ аsпеэаg pa]/i ш,/
,а]лпоl ач1 :Mou uaas аq чеэ s}|пsа.] а5очм рче (}uёsa]d эч1
lnoqP sчоllsапЬ 00 L uеч1
o+ut апчtlчоэ Xecu PUe) аш]} ашоs ]о} Palse| чэIчм slчалэ .
а.]ош бчllамsче uаэq / pa]aмsue ýeq losse1old aL,11 1'
,>lэоlэ,о
,моч S)ээм 8 аэчв )ач Jo1 бulцем цааg 9леч l
:luasa]d
1о оldпоэ е -ro1 бчtllэлц1 чоэq / polloлeJl элеч ам Е ач}о}ul апчllчоэ рче 5ed aql ur рарер qэlчм suolpe .
16uцlоs чеэq 7 plos nol элеч Sбul}uled,{чеш мон z :}поqр )iIel оl sпопч!lчоэ рэрэd lчэsаJd ачl эsп ам
iJпоч Uе ]о} поЛ ro} бur]oo1 uaag7pa)oo1 ал,1 1,
,uolldo paJJo) эчl аsоочэ z
 choose the correct option, А, В or С.
1 what is the fаыiс?
of this
Мапу different words аrе formed Ьу adding suffixes to поuпs, А long В lengthС lengthen
verbs and adjectives,
Shе puts оп some make-up every day to make
Most common suffixes used to form почпs: herself
-апсе/-епсе, used to make поuпs {rom adjectives Ьу сhап9iп9
А beauty В beautify С beautiful
the -antl-ent епdiпg;
З What l like best about lV]агkЪ clothes is thеir _ .
important - imроrtапсе, vio/ent - чiо/ёпсе
-ion, used to form поuпs frоm verbs: decide - decision
А simplify В simplicity С simple
-iи stup'd _ stupidity 4 Some уочпg people are геаllу _ whеп it comes to
thеiг hairstyle5.
-mепt deve/op - deveiopment
-shф: rеiаtiоп - reiatioлship
А courageous В encouraging С discouraged
5 Although Tina studies fashion, hеr _ with the history
Most common suffixes used to fоrm verbs:
of design is rather limited.
-ate| local - locate
А unfamiliar В familiarise
С familiarity
-еп, usually added to adjectives and nouns related to
6 Wbat appeals to me about the соmрапу is how they
mеа5uгеmепt: deep - dеереп, /ength - /engthen
-iф simple - simplify _ their offer
А diversity В diverse С diversify
-ise: /ega/ - /egaiise
7 АпаЪ parents wеrе very helpful апd when she
Most соmmоп suffixes used to fоrm adjectives: decided to move аыоаd,
-аЬrе: comfort - comfortable -iye: support - suрроrtiуе А suppol'c В suррогtеd С supportive
-ed; amaze - amazed -оuý: courage - courageous
-iпg,. amaze - аmаziпg -ic: епеrgу- елеrgеtiс complete the sёпtепсеs With the correct form of thё
words in the Ьох.
-ful,. colour - соlоurful -al: есопоmу - economical
-less: со/оur - co/ourbss
['colou, energy familiar legal respectfultl
Most соmmоп suffixes used to {оrm adverbs: (_ responsible sensitive )
-И strange - strangery
-у, whеп the adjective ends with Je: possiLrle - possib/y
1 Gоiпg to an exam in а beanie will definitely make you
-ф whеп the adjective ends with -у hеачу - heavily look _.
2 You shouldn'thave spent so mчсh оп this Ыоusе. lt was
You сап add ргеfiхеs uп-, iп-, im-, i/-, i'r-, dis_ to Some
adjectives to get the opposite meaning:
ite
qu of you.
3 sue doesn't want to Ье the сепtrе of attention so she
-uп,. familiar - uпfаmiliаr
-im, most often added to adjectives beginning with р, Ь sweatshirts, mаiпlу beige,
апd m; baianced t imbalanced, mаtчrе - immature, polite - 4 Му SistеrЪ Style i5 completely to mе,
impo/ite but she feels comfortable in hеr оwп skin.
-ir, most often added to adjectives beginning with r: 5 lt was rather of kate to cгiticise hёг
responsib/e - irresponsib/e friепdъ new fleece.
-il most o{ten added to adjectives beginning Wjth /: /egai- i,Ъgаl 6 Producing cheap copies о{ designer clothes is
-dis: respectfu/ - dbrespectfu/
-in: sensitive - insensitive 7 sаmiъ little brother is 5о . НеЪ печеr
tired.

choose the соrrёсt option. UNlT REV|EW Complete the sentences With the correct
form of the words iп brackets. sometimes more than
1 You need to understand the impoftant / importance oI
опе answer is роssiЫе.
looking stylish,
2 раrепts have a|ways Ьееп supported / supportive of
Пzlу
] lt was rаtьеr (polite) of Pete to attend
his {riепdЪ weddin9 reception in faded jeans.
mу ambition to become а designer.
2 То me. (епеrgу) people tend to go
3 The silly comments hе made online showed his
fоr а casual look.
immaturit\/ / immature.
З Buying vintage clothes is not always
4 Тhе clothes she buys are all made /ocally / locate Ьу (economy) as they сап Ье pretty expensive.
BritiSh companies.
4 They (Ьеhаче) strangely today,
5 we had to make а difficult decbive / decision about the
5 Don't уоч think claire (look) amazing
future of очr fashion Ыапd. in this turquoise dress?
6 Although the sales wеге оп, the shopping сепtге was 6 Каrеп (always/be) sensitive аЬочt hеr
5tran9er / stran9e/y qUiet. арреаrапсе,
7 А good suit iS а песеssаry / necessity if you are working
in banking.
8 ltЪ mоrе есопоmlсаl/ economicto Ьчу а {ew well-made
clotl^es тhап lots of сhеар items,

1з4
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,э]}чаэ ачl ()loм) ,аLU ]rел uачм

||еэ U! |}еч} а]о}э8
]о} аэчаrаJJlр бlq е (аq)- лсч]Ulч
чэlчм '6чl}а),]еш
Uе se ()JoM)
,uо
м 9чl рочэ}Iмs ]reш Uёчl ,рачýlчl} шll1эч1 9
Ul }Je+s,sse | аs]поэ }о :8
- - ЛроqашоS
aqol lseI lnoi{
U| (ор) поI }ечм au] ||at поЛ чеэ :v 9 ]sпчэf8 ,1r
a|o1s,{poqaLuo5 ]еэ Slч )эо|},чрlр ма]рчV ý
'ачlеqUпS о} (}ueM) ччч
,(1uo ,{1rLue1,{Lu 1nq '6urlrэха бцу,6urlааш
бчlчlаLuоs ор pInoM ам (эdоч) ач},1о} о}р| S?M ачs раsl|еёJ эчs ,чэ}ем ]эч 1е Po]ooL UuV ,
1аl|]ез ,Iep ,{Jала чэеэq ач} о1 (о6) шеэ} S,]эег
')о
|
рп[ ац ,{11еаl бчuоq }|q V :g зsпчэfв
ulерl|оч ]поЛ (eq) моч 'oS :v ý ,qэlеш aql lso| ,{эql,qбпоuа urell1uprp шеэlЕ]эег
€
,||еq}о]Sеq (Ле|d)
чэ}еш эч1
ам Uач} рче шЛб эчl о} (о6) ,рор1]._т}"л:л"лr",
Nf нм,ашоч ]эеq 1об l uачl
чач}'Л|Jеа (dn }а6) ом,(ер ,iолз :g . ралоl|аq лPoqoN
a

,}! ,tёаlls эч1 ч l lssаtл

adLUеэ Iчнt ра^а||оq {PoqoN |auoll Mes I L
syods aqr 1е (ор7Поl) }ечм:v, .lэауэd 1sеd aq1lo a;dtu15 шеб
lч} 1ач чl|м {eld р|пом
ачl рче s|вl|dвэ чl очl аsп ,ýJ!} ачl sв бч!чваtu
>lU | ýpJorvr
ач lеlчбпер slч (aslmoJd) ен:8 5еч
Je|lmls е lвч} о5 э)uэ}uэs рчоэаs aq} а}а;dtчоз
a,{ер]а}SаЛ
(1по ]JoM lоuдэlN) trчм ,v Е alч6|U }se| по,{ (||еэ)
,uo ýl]s ЛLu rllrM 'adols эql I Uачм (ор/по,() }ечм 9
lо
do} оч} }е (рUе}5/|) sе}sп['||эм:8 эшеб оарrл е (le|d)
1eLuog le sа166об lпо{ (элеа|) s]o}Sls ЛLr.] 'л1 чо slччаl (чэlрм) l аl|чм ý
Uачм :v z ,Л]еqqоr е (aas)
no,{ 1astleal7nol; )ueq
,шоо.] Лш чl (Xe|aJ) ам ual]M 1ээ]}S Uоэ]9 (5Sо]э)
I

pue ]амочs е (a)ey}sn0 l:B a]uerJ (lеощ)

is}|nsa] ач} (аэчпочче) ачs чачм luelnelsaj ач} 1е ()lJом/эпS)
Лачl чэчм (ор/поЛ) }ечм :v L эJlеач1 эч1 (элеаD
.рарэd lsed ачl Jo sпопu!}uоэ оuоI]ала PUe (Pua) ,{eld эt11 7
,slэ])eJq u! ýqJал ачl ,6чlбчlS s]э!oddns эLUoS (]еоч) ач
lýed ачl 'a|dщ!s lsed эчl эsп
}о tlJ.ro+ l)aJ.lo) ач} чl!м ýuollesJaлuo) ачl аlа|dщоэ Uачм шпlреls ач} sPleмo} 0|ем) Uчог l
,sпопчFчоэ
ualea реч J аlе g бutlea a.taM у
,}Uорlээе реб эql lо эldtu15 lsed ачl аýп ,ýlа)ррJq ч! sP.lo/U\
ачl }noqe р]еоч ам uочм }uеJпе}sа.] е ul ом 0l ачl }о tUJo} +эаJJоэ ачl чl!м sФчаlчоý ачl аlа|dшоэ
ча| sеч э цаl реч 8 цоl v
,snq ar.il uo,{pea.rle seM ,эцоч +е lа)э/l ач] lral рвч / ]ечt Pasliear / lxe+ ач] u/
ачs Uачм ашоч }е э|lqоu] Jеч ачS рэSllеа] eulN 6
:(aIdL!lS }Sea ачl аsп ом'рUоэеs ашеэ
}об э 1об peq -g бurцэб seM у
Uolpe ачl э.rolaq paueddeL1
,s|елu slч }еч1 ]о}) lsed aq} ut чоr}эе .raq}oue
бul]ечало seM aq эltqм рэlпlчt )]ру\ 8 1еч1 uolpe че }noqe ]|е} о1 lэа}аd }sеd очl asn ам
чо }nd реч э uo }nd в uo Бutцпd - seM у ,s.lautel1.1at1
'>lu!] uo ;nd pue dп 7об ецпр
аэr aqloluo poddols pue s1ooq бurlе>ls.tоч
-
Lц} l :]ач}о ач+ JацЕ ачо
бutлtllе оlом э ролurе реч 8 ралl]]е v рачэddеq +et1+ suolpe ]to sallas е Jo} a|dtu19 ре4 aql asn ад
,рачslчl} ,sJчаша]лsраLtJ ашоs
lpeaJle peq чэlец ач1 'чпоэ эчl lе ам Uачм 9 бu144 seM hюl ýuauJlJadxa ашоs бu!ор seш ччч а|чм
рэ,(еld lалоu 1 :ашll ашеs ач} }е ssaбo,,td ut sчоt}эе }поqе l|el о} .
бutXeld lолеч seM g pe,{eld lолеu peq у ,аш paddo4s чешаэчоd е чацм altq iш бu!р!J seш
,аlоlэq l
1ечl а^а||эq 1,чр|р ачs 9
-
1|еq,(эllол |
:(эldшlS
}оБ]оl э чацобlо} реч 8 бчtдэБ,tоl sем у
,S}ooq
ачl эsп ам 'ssa]6o]d ul seм ачо ]эбчо| эч1 а|lчм
}ýеа
раUаddеч чэlчм 'uol}эe Jа!очs ачl ]о+) ээр|d )оо} uolpe
бurpu srq aq аsпеээq бutpu-эsloq об 1,uptp Luepy 7 .]ач}оuе чачм ssёJбо]d чl seм 1еч} uоllэе чр }поqе lIe} о} .
-
шпмs реч 1 бчtшшtмs seM g шемs v ,1ам бчдрб
,ale| ач+ Ul u]оl а|lчм }so]o+ еч} Ul бul|эIэ о]ом ом Е а;элr sue1 aql pue бuruleJ 99/ц ]j 'gэlеш atlз;o {ер эql чб
dп бч лоб seM 2 dпlобреq g dn }об v :lUалэ чlещ е }о
,|ood oq} о}
}uaM pue lsелеэ]q реч 'оЕ:l1е ш|_L z uоtldt.,tэsар е utlo,to}s е чl эUаэS рчпоJ6]эеq е аqllэsор о} .
бur66о[ seM х
-
pa66otpeq g рэ66оI у :sпопч!lчоэ }sBJ еч} о5п ом
,lnoqqбtau.at1
1аш atls uaqM 1led aql ul чеJеS L
,з ro g 'y'uo;1do paJJo) эчl аsоочэ Е
 comPlete the sепtепсеs with the correct form of the
verbs in the Ьох.
Verbs which {ollow оthеr verbs follow different patterns:
. after: alm, arrange, attempt, сап't afford, decide, expeci, [-climb do go imрrоче play)
hope, intend, mапаgе, оffец рlап, refuse, rеmеmЬец sееm, [show чр watch
take )
tend. try, want,, (not) to + infinitive:
1 Тhеу агrапgеd _for а swim оп Saturday,
Тhеу decided not to Work With а sports psycbologist
2 Paul offered _ mе hоW to play tennis.
. аftег: advise, аllоц епсоurаgе, force, rеmiпd, teach, urge, 3 Do you fancy_ badminton this аftеrпооп?
Wаrп: object + (not) to + infinitivё: 4 l саппоt imagine _ in Winter ltЗ too
Shе taugfit mе to believe iп myself. dangerous.
. after: avoid, сапt hеф. сап't stan d, don't miпd, епjоу, fапсу, 5 Kate has печеr avoided _ sport, ТhаtЪ why
fiпiih, imagine, keep, miss, stop, Waste time: -ing: shеЪ so fit.
Just imаgiпе wiппiпg the competitionI 6 Last year my dad attempted _ his skiing.
. after modal verbs сап, сочld, might, shоuld, would НеЪ slightly betteг now.
infinitive: 7 l don't mind _ boxing on W frоm time
Yоч shoцld апswеr hls question right поw. to time.
. a{ter make and /et object + infinitive: 8 Kim should _ yoga, ltWii{ hеlрhеrгеIах.
Ihey ret mе yisit the stadium. Сhооsе the correct option.
1 lcan't hеlр to watch / Watching sрогt оп W every day.
2 please remind them not to leave / to поt leave
complete the sentences With the correct form of the
verbs in Ыackets. Add mе оr you where песе55аry. Ьеfоrе б р.m.

1 l can (ski) really well, bl]t l've печеr tried

3 Last week my brother managed to swim / swimmiпg

snowboarding. the whole distance.

2 Did уочr parents make (play)the piano 4 Does your coach ever let уоч eat,/to eatjunk food?
when you were а child? 5 Unfortunately, shе саппоt afford buying / to buy а пеw
3 l can't afford (buy) а new tennis racket. tennis racket.
ltЪ too expen5ive, 6 Mark expects hеr to win / wiппiпg а rлеdаl during
4 This pool is ОК, but l miss (swim) the next competition.
in the осеап. 7 l\4y mum intends taking uplto take up cycling this
5 Му РЕ teacher at school encoura9ed SJmmet
(pursue) mу pass,on {оr swrmming,
8 We cant gо,/gоrл9 horse-riding today.
6 The footballer refused (oin)the
national team. Choose the correct oPtion, А, В or С.
7 you sbouldn't waste so muсh time 1 We might _ а tennis club to improve our fitness.
(watch) ТV А .join В to join С joining
8 The doctor has wагпеd (not go) 2 She hopes _thе mаrаthоп next Wеёk,
running for а month. В to Win С winning
complete the sentences With the correct form of the З Have уоu finished _ the replay of the football fiпаl
words iп brackets. yet?
1l (can't stand/Wait) {оr exam А watch В to watch С watching
results. 4 Тhе football рlауеrs don't seem _ too upset Ьу the
2 Has he (decide/finish) his sрогts score.
саrееr yet? АЬе Btobe С being
З lVly mother (not leVme/do) 5 You could easily _ me at chess if you rеаllу tried.
motor-гacing. А beat В to beat С beating
4 Тhе coach (гemind/uS/not eat) 6 Just keep _ hard and you could Ье а champion опе

anything just before the match. d"y.

5 (trylnot Wоrry) aboUt the futUre, А train В to train С training
6 очr team should (aim/win) all 7 Му dосоr advised the athlete _ more рrоtеiп in his
the matches this season. diet,
7 Shе'll always (remember/meet) А hаче В to have С having
her {avourite tennis рlауеr last уеаг. Alice enjoys _ iп the sea, even in Wintet

We were training hard, so we А swim в to swim С swimming

(stop/take) а Ыеаk.

1зб
LEL

#о бulU]пq э
dn бurлrб g чо бulле} v
,Sабча|Iечэ Mau ало| | ,i{|эllUцэс .л
-
slчl Jа}Uа ol бUlоб noi{ a]V :х 9
.чо }l}аdшоэ ,эм алеч ор oS ,чэ}еш эч} ]о} slаlэt1 :no
1об э,l,эд 9
,оэuеlпqц]е uе /
ра||еэ реч |э Jач;iаUlrач],а l,Uрlр рlлес ,6Ul|эЛэ об },чрlр ешшз 9
,ээuе|пqше чр бчl||еэ seм
|g os rач;jаN ,мо1lошо} аэt}эеld о} об эн
,ээче|пqше че
| v
,|
||lM / l,uoм ,
ра||еэ ,амр!р
рэqэlем ад g
,sar.ue9 эtdr.u,(1g eqr
:,|\ / р!р ом о5
,qщоl sl ]oN os ,Mau 1,ust 1eq 1а>lэuэ ,{1д
lеqц :1 9 / 7
i}Uор!ээе }еч} Mes поЛ чачм ор no,( ptp ,soue}a}S sl oo_1/ оý ,lеДе;d sruuol1eolб е sl xa|V
аш бurdlaq рчlш l,usaop э L
,uolldo рэJJо) эчl
},чеэ g аýоочэ [
,эLu d|эч 01pJo1+e ,эш бurdlaq dlaq
1чеэ у
рчаtll Хщ n
-,Pes :х , ,чо
aJauelu ач+ q+рчм ]оо| пол ,pi
лоэ srло
]ач}|э }oU ш,| э ,чэ+еш ач] ol slа)эl] lаб l,Uрlпоэ sue} Jno }о lsolц
.оо1 ше
| g .|
ше Jэч}|эN v
чэlе,м
e,{rreau
,},uop
/
,абе
.д lреа fuэл е р бчlчlеJt !e]s рiпочs ча.lрllчэ ашоs }еч} алаl/аq /
}чбlчо} чэ}рш Лqбпl е qэlем o16utoб s| ачS :х Е ;6чцэеа.r эrв эм qэlqм о1
,чо
,|
р|почs oS э luaщaleF ачl ч| раsп ачо ачl ol allsoddo щJо, в ч! qJал
,1,uop
1il;;еед g ,1uplnoqs
1;,(11еэц у ;ерош7itецlхпе + (чпоuо]d/чпоч) рэ[qпs + q672,{11еаД
:6utмоllоl эq} sr }uаLuшоэ ].]очs ачlJо а]п}эп]+ý ач1
,алlslэар эJош эq -^ :х z ,}чаша}е}s е
р|почsЛачl)чlч} | чllм аэlбеstр оl;о '1uэlalltp st бutq}эr.uos les
,ам алеч os э ol }uаща}е}s Euoý]od .rоq}о ol юеа.r ам 'r19 рuе;r{l1еэд БutsJ,1
.оо+ ам g .ам алеч ]ач}!аN
v ,ам
р!р os
,s/eulJ эчt
-]oJ pa4llenb ад )эам }sel
л :рlр st qlал,&еt;tхпе а91 a;dtu1g рез aql u1
,чэ}еLц е
lso| Jалэч элеч Лэчl uэчlбешl поЛ чеэ :х L
,uрог ýаор о5
,suolles.laлuo) ачl эlа|dшоэ ol ,,lеа,{
]Jed sa)e] qou
е аэlд1 sчоt]tlэdчJоэ sluua+ U]
э Jo '8 'v 'аэчаlчаs paJJo) ачl аsоочэ мэlдзч дNп :saop7op st qla,r,ierlrxne ац1 a;dtu15 luasald ач} uI
,
(aulцJ/,(||eaJ) :8 ]ач{а },uP]P lеэz{ ре1 шеэ1 1ооtlэs ачt roJ feld +,uPlP ачs
/
:v9 ]ачl!э + LцJо, ал!}ебаu
:8 е u! qJал |ероrц/ftе!|lхпе + (unouoJd/unou) раlqпs .
:v9 .l
||!м JоNFэчI!ЭN
:g ,suоq+еlеw бцuuru dп опб .lэrcч
:v, цм lllop
,эч]ш sl JоNIачI,аN
,
{ooyl) :8 ,аlоэs Кш tlyM paseald ag о1 бчlоб
,,{ерlарэЛ qэlеш е 1,usl gэеоэ
1so| }еd 'IlоtрчпIо}uп :чg
,{2t1

(оочýJпо) , :g
:(unouoJd/unou) l)a[qns
,Sпоlllqше {||еа] aJe sэ}ешц]ео} ]!оч_L :v + [чJо+ ал!цsоd е ч! qJэл |ероцl/rtе!lжпе + JоUIачIач .
z
(эм/ач}lач) ,- :8
:6ulмo||o} ачl s! luэшэ}еls чочs ачl}о эlnpn]ls эч1
,uMoP laq1 :у ,}чаша}е}S элl}ебач е
чэеоэ,]lач}lа1 lэлач алеq ;. ч}lм аёJбе ]о
,lftвssаэач аJачм sturo, qJал ppv ,sla{)eJq ашеS ач} s| бчtqlэшоs ,{es оlrачца PUe JоUIач{аU оSп ам
ачl чl!м sцо!рsJалчо) эч1 аlа|dщоэ ,оо|
ч! ýр.|ом р!р пол,lерlауsэl рlоэоl puosJad slч a)oJq /аечэlr\l
:ool + qJал |ерощ/лJе!|!хпв + (unouo]d/unou) юа[qпs о
eu!I
,lep lLolta бut66oloб plnoqs
рlпоqs о5
,1
,6ur>l1eM 1

,slпо seg о5 ,,(11чаэа.l Uдор sn

эrр-rоц бutop o1ur slualed srq 1|e1l1rM аlаd 'Л||п+эdон 9 ]а/ sеч чJеаl !!еqюо} Jпо
, ]эlsls Jэн :(чпочоJd/чпоч) рэ[qпý + qJал |рроl,ц7Лlецlхпе + os о
,а,rtltlеdшоэ &ал
1,uspм е6|о 'р|lчэ е 5V s :6u]MotIo} оч} s! 1uоtuо}еls }.lочs ач}}о э]прпl}s эч1
,s]ala]
ll чэlчм о1
ssэчэ dn алlб luр|почs Лечj , аэUэlUаs эч1 ul рэlqпs эч1 PUe q]ал чlрш ач+ }о шrо} ач} se
|- ашеs ачl еq }sпш sluеLце}еls чочs чl qlan 1ерош ,to ,&etltxne
ш{6 Meu aql lno ,{.r} о1 бulоб sl шеS € ue }о шlо} ач_L ,s}чашаlе}s алlllsоd ul ool Pue о, ёsп ам
,,{"ql
,чоl+еп}ls auJe5 ач} ul аlе ом +еч} ,мou] uoled lеqlо
,qsenbs
рэz(еld lэлач sеч ч,].-rеlл z еч} }э| оl S}чэша}е}s q,{роqэшоS о1 Uollэeal ul sUоlрп]}sчоэ
,u]еd
эsачl эsп ам ,-]ач]]аu (auJ) Jo оо+ (ецr) бulUеоц] S}UoLцele}s
,ЛерuJ /Qоле щlмs е ]о} ýэоб uec
'}|} daa] о1 l рочS Ul]ач{а/очlачlrаU рче ooyos suolssa]dxэ asn эм
pal]o) эчl рче
.rfuе!|!хпр
JОЧl!ОFЭчl!Эu !о ооУо5 чl!/t^ - aq1 аlэldtчоз
sаэuаluэs
 Сhооsе the correct option. А, В or С.

Speculating about tho Present

] _ go to Grеесе this Sчmrпеr, but We haven't
We
decided yet.
Whеп speculating about а рrеsепt SitUation, we use а modal А must В might с сап't
verb + infinitive. We use: 2 They _ have visited that museum. ltЪ closed.
. must to express а strопg belief that Something is truе: А rnight not В couldn't С mustn't
Jоhп must Ье very Ьарру wоrkiпg at the zoo. 3 Тhеу _ know this place. They've Ьееп hеге mапу
. might mау and could whеп we think that itъ роssiые that timeS.
50methin9 is trче: А may в can't с must
Тhе lioпs mighL/may/could Ье very hчпgry поw. 4 l don't knowwhy Pat hasn't arrived yet, She_ have
. сапt to eХpress а strong belie{ that something isn't tгUе: missed the bus,
/t сап't Ье а domestic cat. /tЪ too big. А must В could С can't
5 lt Ье DiапаЪ tent. She never goes camping.
5Peculating about the past А must В may С can't
When speculating about а past Situation оr event, We use а 6 Grеg _ have reached his destination yet. |tЪ only
modal verb + hаче + the Past РаЁiсiрlе farm of the main 7 p.m.
чеrЬ. А could В can't с rnustn't
7 Веп kпеw ечеrу,thiпg about Gothic painting. Definitely,
. must hауе, to ехргеss а strong beliefthat something hе _ have studied ad history,
happened: А couldn't В might С must
Yоч must hауе lost уоur mobile at the zoo. 8 ltЪ impossibleto keep а рчmа aS а pet. She_have
. might hаче, mау hауе and could hауе, whеп we thinkthat lied.
itЪpossible that something hаррепеd: А must В can't С might
Lucy might/may/could haye missed the trаiл, complete the second ýепtепсё 5о that it has а similar
. can't haye and couldn't hаче, to express а strong belief meaning as the first. Use modal verbs.
that something didn't hарреп: 'l l am sure а crJise down the Nile is very expensrve,
Реtеr сап't/соuldп't have gопе hоmе.
А cruise down thе Nile _ very
expensive.

'l 2 l am sure Kate hasn't еаtеп that local speciality, Shеl

choose the correct option.
allergic to seafood.
1 Тhе key cantlmustbesomewhere hеrе but l canl{ind it Kate that lосаl speciality,
right now.
ShеЪ allergic to seafood.
2 Yоu сап't / mау remember me - we met оп а tгiр to china
3 l аm suretheyare notatthe office- Pam called mеfrоm
laSt year
the аirрогt an hочr ago.
3 What, you forgot your ticket апd passport? You might,/
Тhеу at the office. pam called
cant Ье serious] me fгоm the аirрогt ап hour а9о.
4 Yоч failed the ехаm, so уоur answers must / салt have
4 МауЬе we will spend а few days пеаr the sea, l'm not
Ьееп wrопg.
sure.
5 l'm поtsurе if you are right.You cou/d/caлthave made
а few days пеаг the sea,
а mistake-
l am sure they have brought а lot of souvenirs from
comPlete the sentences with the соrrеqt form of the their trip. They always do.
verbs in ыackets. They а lot of souvenirs frоm
1 l might _ (leave) mу mobile at the hotel but their trip.
ldon't rеmеmьеr 6 LеtЪ ask lап. МауЬе he has been to Japan,
2 Susan has Ьееп trачеlliпg fоr the last two weeks - LеtЪ ask lan. Не to Japan,
she must _ tlred Ьу поw.
(Ье) very 7 We'd better take а map, lvlaybe jt iS not the right Way.
3 WепdуЪ accent is а bit strange, She соuld We'd better take а map. lt
(Ье) Nогthеrп lrish, but l'm not sure.
the right way.
4 You can't (See)Joe in town at пооп - l don't kпоw why Janet is still not hеrе. МауЬе she got
hе was at hоmе with me.
stuck in traffic.
5 Thomas was геаllу upset last week. Не must
l don't know why Janet iS Still not here. She
_ (have) prob,lems at hоmе.
in traffic.

1з8
бt l.

,р|оэ ool ,рIlчэ

}|э} ]алаu ]areм оч1
е se]алlJ эч} Ul бчlшшlмs (эло|) l8
,,{ер ,&оло
1eos pue aptq
(ЛgId) ,{oL.1}'uo!eбlepur>1 ut 1эеg

арl|чэ е
seM aq ueqM бutееs}ч6!S (алl|/элпl)
,}saJo} ач} ul .Л||ше}
(Ле|d) ач 'р|lчэ е seм чэ8 чэчм 9 э|очм ач} ]о} }sелеэrq / э]еш / эч / бчlu,tоtц Л]алf oL
ill ало| эм MoN ,арts&lчпоэ aq1
Ul ашl} бчlрUэds (,{оГчэлоч)
Jабечэаl е se / lэlпdшоэ е / элеч }oU / }чпе Лш 6
1lеа{ 1se1

рuеllоэ5 чr,{1rше1 srч (}lslлдJеу!)

,,{ep,&alra 1ооtlэs,&ешtld }е 7 sdшеэ lашшпs 7 uo об /,{ащ 8
1lеб ар,(ц ur бur66о[
(о6) aM'uoPuol Ul ролl| ам uачм z
,Slч}
р,]оJе }оччеэ ачS Mou
.{qs,t_tал7аq 7 1 7 рltчэ е seм | uачм l
1пq lеа,{ е aэtM1 etsy о1l1алеl1; ш)l
,a|qlssod s! lеэ Лq / |элеll1оч / s}чэ]рdрUе]6 i(л 9
,lэмsче auo чеч} aJoru sаruЕаtлоs ,51а)реIq чl sqJaл
ачl,о luJo} l)aJJo) ач1 чl!м sаэчаlчаs ачl а}а|dtl,|оэ s;алоu аlпluалре бulреа] / a]lll |/ р|lчэ е sV 9
,6utua,rэ latpo fiала э]l| 'раq or

}uoм Pue JooP ач} аsо/э рiлом /раsо/э ач 'i{ерrа}sал 8

}sed ач} ч|/ ээlJоэ / ]чuр }oU / Uо]шес t
.aPlseas ач}
1эlоq fuпхп1 е о},}xau / ёлl| / Л|lше} {ш €
о1 бчlоб alrl +,чрlпом / аlц ol аsп 1,uplp рер Лш Z
i.laturuns бuuпр }чэ} е s,{ep osoq1 ur 7,{auotu }о }о| е / алеч lou / эм z
ul doals поl рlпом 7 doals оl еsп по,{рlр 'рl|чэ е sV 9
,qооqэрrпб
66; 1поqе алеч ипом / реч э|эчп ]nO 9
,{ер fuалэ ,ш,d 11е / эшоq 1аб
бчr,{ц uo uaa1 ag 1,uplnoм / aq ol аsл t/uplp Лёч1 ,
7 1111 1
,о} ,o|qlssod
,,{ер
leql sэеlzу Pasn эsп 'lou ,|
,sldццоJd эчl цrоJ} ýа)цэlчэs allJм
ач+ }поqе Sol]ols аш реа / PeoJ р!пом edpue]6 Лh] е л рlпод эsп
,6u41o,re.l1
еао1
оl реsп 7 бuчlаrcд алоi рlпом шпш ,(Lu '}uарп}s е ýV z ,ечlчэ о|
,лэчэбе реIэлеJl чацо |
,оэUеJ! ol Керцоч чо
1чэм lацl обе sleal ом1
|alre,,q е LlltM dul е Uо об oi ро5п / }UoM ам JеаЛ lsel l :рiломl/о] рэýп Jo реэlsчl а|dшls }seJ ач+ аsп ём '+uasaJd
,uolldo paJJo) очl эsоочэ оч+ PUe lsed эч1 Uаам]эq аэчэlаJJlр ачl аstsеqdша o11ueM
},Uop эм чачм ]о .]olpe lsed a|6ulS е }поqр ]|е} ам чачм
оло| о} Pasn э ало| р|пом 8 ало| о} эsп 1,чрlр v
iр|lчэ е se шоч} ;,{ep4oq uo aptseas ачl oi об о} ра5п очд sчо!}ýэпЬ lэefqns
под .sa;dde эlr| 1,чор no,{ чеаш по,{ ор }ечм 8
- z}Pa ot аýгl аq рrр +еqй sчоцýэпЬ -чм
раsslш э Sslш p|noм 8
ssllu о} pesn v
,el|e]}snv о} lерцоч uо об ol asn ач
)эеq }чбrц lпо ем Iерlэlsад д аsпБпч ч! р!о suollsanb оNlýэ,{
э aq ol аsп по,( prp g
-
aq по,{ рlпом поЛ аJэм v ,auiluo slа>р4lqбrд z(nq ot а9л
},uPlp, олFебэN
aр|lчэ Лddеч е 9
ё]рl р|пом э эл9l оl рэsп Е -'рес :/ашLллs,t]ала бiJl)эеdlэеg об рlпом l
]оо} V ,,аrчulпs,Oала б'i>ръdlэеg оО о! э^!lPuJJ!l+v
lаulLлпs,&алэ эprseas ач+ о,} ош slt]aJed {ш 9 рэsп 1
по,{ рlпом э оl аsп поl plp 8 - поЛ plP v ,,{ерuп5
ilашшпs &оле sdr.uеэ llotto еwрчеlб lш 11s!л рром ! 1абеUаа] е se,M / uачлл
lашшпs о1 nol ;llas sluaJed JпоЛ чачм |ёе}-мон1' :sаэuё}чёs ёлllешJ!#е
dn uln1 рlпом х U| l|lensn '(Sa}e}s lou }nq) suollЭe Jo+ рlлоrц aSn э|,{ о
dn uJn} оl раsп € dn pauJn} v (.aJotU Лче },USaoP ачs }п€) ,sэрlпб аtрlц ol Pasn ачs
,ulеJl ач}
чэ}еэ оl аlе1 оо1-
>1эеJ,,{ерuпs }sel е ,эче!d lq
/алеJ]
ol эýп l,Uрrр
|Mou ор | ]п8) бUц!але!l элц /
},Uр|пом э о+ аsп },UPIP в l,UP!P v :suo11эe ]о (алl/
'lооl]fs tе seм l UaU^^ эrоt]]s l7 'ало! 'олэцоq 'алеч 'ag ,6,а) Sэlеls Jo} ol ра5п asn эдл .
'о>|ц
lueм р|пом э
-
}uем оl рэsп 8 ра}чем v :1Sed ач} ч| Л|]е|пбэ] рачэddеч lечl suollЭe ]о
,dn мо]6 чэtlм
l 1o1rd е aq ol 1 's,{oq ,{uer.u a]l| 1sпг l salep ped poqe 11е} о1 (ал!l!ч!lч! +) рlло,ц/оl pasn asn ам
,э|qlssоd s! Jам5чв ачо чечl аJоtц
sаtл!}а|.чоs ,э Jo 8 'v 'чо!ldо рэlJо) ачl аsоочэ
 2 Complete the sentenceý with the соrrесt form of the
phrasal verbs in the Ьох.
Phrasal чеrЬs are expressions that consist о{ а чегЬ оr а a\
particle {particles), thanks to which the чеrЬ gains а new Ibump
into look up pick up put off turn up_J
mean ing:
1 Аrе уоч going to pen from the station?
/ook- /ook up (:сhесk)
2 We got lost So We the address in our
lVost phrasal verbs hаче their equivalents in formal language: mobiles.
put uр а tent: constructlerect а tent 3 we have so muсh work that we hаче to
The meaning of phrasal чегЬs may Ье: our weekend triр,
. literal: Whу don't you take off your coat? 4 l_ my old friend while lwas boarding
. idiomatic: Тhе р/але takes offat 10 a.m,
the plane.
5 Опlу а few реорlе _ at the station to say
We сап divide рhrаsаl verbs into two groups: goodbye to hеr yesterday.
'1) iпsераrаЫе:
Complete the second sentence so that it hаs а similar
. чеrЬ + раЁiсlё + object meaning to the {irst. Use the words in capitals.
Тhеrе is always ап object after the рhrаsаl verb.
1 we had по food left, nevertheless we continued to
Whеп / was running, l bumped into mу fоrm tеасЬеr. Walk. RUN/сARRY
We dropped our Ьа9ý and made for the passport сопtrо/. We _, печеrthеlеss we _ ,

. чеrЬ + раЁiсlе 2 Kate has quit her саrееr as а mапаgеr and she сап1
There is no object аftег thе рhrаsаl verb: Wait to go to lndia. WALl?LooK
Kate hеr саrееr as а manager апd she
Fortunately, а lot of реор/е turned qр to the exhibition.
to lndia-
lt was а long journey so we ýet off eariy in thе mоrпiпg,
Dan took чs to the station in his car Не went to work
. чеrЬ + раЁiсlе + раЁiсlе + object and We Went towards the platform. DRoP/MADE
Тhеrе is alway ап object аftеr the phrasal чегЬ. Dan at the ýtation. Не went to work and
l look forward to travelling arouпd Дmеriса лехt summet the platform.
/t was very hot and we rал оцt of Water чеry quickly. 4 Pat Stopped Ьу the side ofthe rоаd and tried to find
thе hоtеlЪ address iп hеr guidebook, PULULOOK
2)separable:
Тhеrе is always ап object. lf the object i5 а почп, it can come
Pat _ and _the hоtеlЪ
address in hеr 9uidebook,
before оr аftеr the particle.
5 l met my old friend unexpecedly whеп we wеrе
. чеrЬ + Particle + obiect delayed at the airport. BUMP/HOLD
Сап you piease pick uр Laura frоm the airpoft? |_ my old {riепd when we wеrе
@ at the airport.
We сап't put otf Ьооklпg tickets fоrечел
UN|T REV|EW Choose опе Wold, А, В or С to complete
ИЬ"€аrjffiЧt-fо jв/e j:
both sentences.
. verb + object + раЁiсlе
Сап you please pick Laura uр frоm the airport?
1 ls Dап going to pick us_{rom the station?
l\4аrk is а great cyclist and itЪ геаllу hard to keep
Can you p/ease pick hеr up frоm the airport?
We сап't put booking tickets off forever
With him. -
we can't рчt it off foreyer,
Аоп Boff Cup
2 The taxi driver dropped us _ at the wrопg terminal.
Pat had а lопg way to 9о so she set _ at dawn,

Match the sentence halves.

А down В off с out
З Тhеу'rе going to _ this old building into а hostel.
1 Guess whо l bumped о What time did they finaIly _ up?
2 lthink the bus is at 7, but itЪ еа5у to look с А tчrп В make С put
З Due to heavy rain, the рlапе took с 4 We wеrе held _ in а trаffiс jam and we missed the
4 LеtЪ buy ourtickets and make о last train hоmе,
5 Driving to Work, Jim rап с Тhе hotel was {чll but, fortunately, Sue put them _ .

а up the timetaЫe online. Aup Boff С down

ь off ап hочr later than scheduled, 5 Paul gave _ his job to tгачеl the wогld.
с out of petrol. Have you ечеrput_ а tent in the rаiп?
d into on the trаiп. А over Boff Cup
е for the platform. 6 LеtЪ not put this trip _ any mоге.
Тhе рlапе didnl take _ due to the fog,
А off В away С down

140
LпL

оq ll!м э эq о} бчlоб 5I g
,sа}пчlш алц UI IPeoJ
s] v
ёчl)чIч} | Z
бчlаq },uo.re э ёq t,uoм g aq оl6чlоб t,uo]e v g dп lllnq 1uop з dn,{.rlnq g-fuJпэ
dn &_rnq 1uoM у
s,{nq 1 бчri{пq sr g ,{nq o16uroб sl у 7 по,{ ssalun
эlеt iilqeqold 1 Iled эql;о1 рооl ач} a.reda]d о1 абечеLu lоч ]]rлл ам 9
11tM g
11tM
бul]е} Л|qеqоld sl 8 se>le1.{1qeqold уg бчtоб шв 1 об об v
!e}s l] M э бutpels st g letsvz ,UMol ёч} ёрlS}по
il]eм },uеэ |

об о} бulоб slэ бutоб st g sэоб у 1 }а)]ещ llnJ+ ач} о} , мо]Jощо1 9

}Je}s |iечs э ],rets o16uroб st g - spels v
issa|э}Sel Jo бчuоq ]ооэ s о} su]ee| ,,{ерчод
оч }еч} sэчslр ач+ ýadoq эц ,,(ероl lэlе| )ооqоlоu е 1xau аslпоэ ,&э]ооэ эч1 ]а#о llач} ра>Iэечэ ол,l ,
, ач oS 'sSе|э эч1 Ul sa}ou -uedo э uado 11rM g бuluado r.ue у
ан ,)эоIэ,о 9 }е z sasse|) ёч} 'otцLue,]6oJd
,по,{
lо1 sur1 aql 1,&lом 1,uoq g
-
1
ачl о} бuLр.rоээV,6чtчэлэ,{ерuод uo ssе|э lsJl+ slч о} aq о1 бurоб st з aq ll|^^ 8 Sl v
эн ,6ur>1ooэ
,{t1l|eeq lоl эSlпоэ-. !очs е Ul ,,(реэl lauurp aq} uёчм моu] поl ra1 7
-
11,1
Pa||oJua 9эч os 'чl|еаq stq oлoldrut оl рарlэар Sеч щl1 lll!M э 1 1;eq5 g or бutоб ; Luy у
,э Jo 'v 'uolldo рэ.tlоэ ач} аsоочэ .S}ualPaJбUl
8
-, ач} o]eda]d по,{ d lat1
,раlеэrldLuоэ s1oo1 аdtэа,r srq1
,Lu,e
-
;,
1}е sчэdо а ,э|q!ýýоd 5l Jамsче auo чечl
.uооu]э]+s эч1 чl ta]]elц]odnS эч} р
,qsц alotu бutlеэ pels аJощ sащllаtлоs ,э ,lo 8 'v 'uolldo раJIо) ачl аsоочэ
э 11rM
auеог ]о} э]еэ 1оr]еэ е q
aрре о} бчlоб по,{ aJe е ,u1 е wаql lпd noll ssalun Др 1аб illM sl]пэs]g ач_| ,р}аеэ аg
u1
,daals оl o/ge ag
О | ]чlч1 l '||ам ý l,uoM поК'6чшала ачl ul ээуаэ lluJр поК ll
! leddod 1эеlq qэпш мон , :]аryр PuP o.ro]ag Зsа/Uп 'sP Uoos
lte-uэdo |еэо| ]по Е se 'чачм '!! suоl}эчп[чоэ эч1.]аце a;dtu15 1uasa.l; ач1 asn поЛ
Q lo>1leLu
sаэчаlUа5 хо|dLuоэ ur 'alnlnl аr1l +поqе бul]|е1 э]е поЛ чачм
О эiеq ам ||ечS z
,;l;о {ue areq од бulo61usl an5 -1aaMs{l/pa./
ý]оо/ э)еэ slч1
О o16uroб noi{ а:у ц
,sэдеч о)uэ}чаs ачl :моч]
ч)lеиI поЛ 1ечм Jo oos uеэ поI 1eqM uo paseq - чоlрlрэ]d a,]nln} в .
аэ]еэ.{ерчUIq S|ч1 (ё}р]оэор/по^) мон Z цеuчр lo1otedald о| бuюб поtr aJe рчм
,ошоч
le s)эеus ati]oS (a]edajd) :ор оl рэрtээр,(реаlе o,\eq no,{ бчrq}ашоs - Uоl}uэlчl aJn}n} е.
бчlч,]ош ач+ u| aLul} элеч |+| 9
| :+поqе ]|е} o1a^lllulru! + о} бч!об ag asn пол
'}чб luо1 s}lпэslq
,)аад
ЛчэuпJэ оLцоS {а)еш ,{|qeqo]d) баи] ý lxau
,tu,d ()e s)
б }е MoLls fuа>lооэ or.11 7 у poau i,1qeqold 11,a }пg )oog /0а)ооэ 5]
чl поХ рчаl uеэ l
,ll (Лпqлоч) ,э|еls sr :аэчаtlеdха,lо чоtlэtрэld
| PeaJq 5lч1 Е
,poo;,{qlleaq бutlea 'uolUldo ]поЛ чо Poseq аJп}п} е lnoqe ]|е} о}
- Uоllэlра.]d .
еq sso;un }аб lou ||lM ua8 16utuolo stцl эпэаqlеg е алеч a/rt ,Iеч5
(lr e}S) 1rl z
,aru p1o1seq &ещ 2поl _tоl чацl llla 1 леg5 ,йеаg 1оо1 sбeg asaL71
,,{ерчо|л чо
чэUп| ]о+ (1оаu]) tr"чt u
:(//rM 1оN)llрч5 asn

,stuJo, эJпlп} аýп .ýlэ)реIq ul sqJaл поl 'suotlsa66ns puе s]orolо}'ам puе / чl!м suol}sanb чl .
,slоllеэ dрч ,эUJ
)о}уем
ачl +о rцJо, раJJоэ эчl чl!м sа)ча}чэs ачl аlэ|dщоэ aL1] 1aad no,{ l1,1
Isаэuе}sLuпэ]lэ о1 1эeaJ по,{ * бul]еэds Jo
1чашощ эчl }е эреш Uоl5lээр Snoaue}Uods е 1noqe 11еl о1 .
,,(ре1
7 aq 7 laq1 qsa]} ]оо| slоэudе аsоч1 9 :(+,uодl//]д) а|dщ!s aJnuJ эч} эsп пол
, ен uмо! ачl MolloLuol чо]lllоdLцоэ
,qбпоuе U!
1lебпs эшоs 7 рре 7 1ээмs 1,usl }rossap slч1 9
1
,0аlооэ аtдlо s.rauulM очl o1sazud бu!л!6 аJ,lач!
:ээе|d Е lо о}ер е 'эшl1 е чоl}uоLл uацо no,{ - 1чашабче,uе
;adrlun 11rls ale,{oql asэlлэчэ эsочl ||е / }еэ / э1е) , ё]п+п} е }поqе )le} оl sпопч!}чоэ lugýaJd ач} аsп пол
,ot:t, ]е sarrsrцl, pue 0€:ZL 1е slJe$ 1еаJq чэчп1
,эlэd rо}рuе|q оо}/аq}оU/dпоsач+/еdоч/
|Е
:ашшеlбоld е lо оlпречэs 'э|qеlаш]} е uo -
р
,Jёlем }uэла аJп+п} poxl} е }noqe ]|е1 01aldtцls luasald эч} ёsп пол
|е,]эчlш aloLu ,эл|l!чцч!
1els se uoos se пол z ol бчIоб aq
+
7 бut>luup 7 no,{ 7 7lаllаq |аа} /
рче (r,Uoryllr,и) а|dtл!9 aJnlnJ 'sпопчllчоэ lu9soJd 'э|dщ!5
luasэld :arnln} оч1 }поqе ]|el о1 slц]о} jo ,{1эtlел е эsп чеэ поtr
iuels 7 ,{leo эч+ / ёurl] ]ечм l
,sldtuord aq1 шоrд ýэ)чэ}цаs alцд
 Сhооsе the correct oPtion.
1 А: can We meet at'] p.m. оп saturday?
Future continuous В: Sоrry, l 'll Ье hаviпg / 'll have had luпсh with my
Yоч USe the Future continuous to talk about lопgег family,
unfinished actions in progress at а time in the futuгe: 2 А: Do you пееd а lot of time to finish this birthday
We will Ье mаИпg а cake at 5 р.m. cake?
Affirmative Ne9ative
INоu/ INоul 12 o'clock.
Не/ Ье Не/ won't 3 А: What is John so worried about?
She/lt/ 'll (will} working She/ (will Ье working
В: Getting а пеw job. lf he doesn't find one, he '// Ье
We/ at 10 а.m, ltryVe/ поt)
at 10 а.m.
spending /'ll have sрепt all his mопеу Ьу the end
Тhеу They
of the year.
Y€rNо qu€stions shоЁ answerý
4 А: Tom, l really need to return that liЫаry book
|/уоl]/Ьё/ Ье Yes,l/yoц/he/she/ivwe/theyWilI.
Will shе/ working No, l/you/he/she/itlwe/they tоmогrоW.
ivwe/they at ']0 a.m.? won't. В: No рrоЫеm. | 'll Ье fiпishlпg /'ll have finished it Ьу
Ш,- questioný 5чЬjеd question5 thеп.
l/уоц/ 5 А: you Ье sееiпg / Will you have 5еел your
Wil/
hе/ Ьоуfгiепd tonight?
o,",1o'n9 Ье working
Whаt will shе/ Who will
at 10 a.m.? В: YеS. hеЪ taking me out to а restauгant.
lvWё/
,
they
a.m. a
6 А: What wil/you Ье doing / willyou have done
at 7 p.m. tomorrow?
Future perfect В: l don't have апу рlапs. Shall we go to the cinema?
yоu чsе the Fчtчrе perfect to talk about an action that will Ье
Complete the sentences with the соrrесt fоrm of the
completed Ье{оrе а certain time in the future: verbs iп brackets. use the Fчtчrе continuous or the
/ will hаче cooked a/ithe dЬhеs Ьу 3 o'ciock. Fцtчrе Perfect.
Affirmative Ne9ativ€ 1 Don't phone me before 9 a.m. l

INоu/ (sleep)!
INoul
Не/ have
Не/ 2 Ву the end of the month she (finish)
She/ 'll {inished
She/lV
Won't
(will
have finished hеr training as а Waitress,
lt/ (will) lunch Ьу
We/ lunch Ьу 2 p.m.
З (you/use)the oven this еvепiпg?
We/ 2 р...
They
поt) Peter,
|'d like to make pizza,
They
yeyNo questioný 4 l'm going to do а cookery course in September
So now l'm hеlрiпg at mу mumt restaurant. l hope
Ilvoul (lеаrп) something useful Ьу the епd
, +lпI<hёd Yes. l/youlhe/she/it/we/theywill. of thе sчmmеr.
shё/
. lчпсh bv No, l/yot-lhe/she/iVwe/they won't. 5 How mапу exams (you/take) Ьу the
they end ofthe academic year?
lЛlЬ- questions 5Ubjed questions 6 What (Sam/do)this time tomorrow?

|/чоu/ 7 саll simone at seven. shе (leave)the

hаче office Ьу thеп.
hе/
Wbat will .h./,v ]ln|sled _., finished
Who w|I|
We/
, lunch lunch Ьу Answer the following questions. Use the Future
.
they
бч/бm? 2 р.m.? continuous or the Fчtчrе perfect,
1 What willyou have lеаrпt bythe епd o{the year?

Match the questions and answers.

2 What will you Ье doing this time оп Sunday?
1 Сап you гпееt me for lчпсh tоmогrоw? о
2 When wil] diппег Ье геаdу? о 3 How mапу meals will you have eaten Ьу 10 p.m,?
З Are you looking fомагd to уочr holiday? о
4 Should l book а table fоr five o'clock tonight? о 4 What wilL you Ье doing tomorrow at 9 a,m.?
5 What did you think ofthe new саfё? о
а l'll hаче prepared ечегуthiпg Ьу six. 5 How mапу books will you have read Ьу next autumn?
Ь lT was greatI We'll Ье going back again soon,

с No, six оr lаtеr; the restauгant won't have opened Ьу thеп, 6 Whеrе will you Ье living in {ive years' time?
d Sorry, tоmоrrоw l'll Ье shopping with my friend. l\ulaybe
Friday?
е Yesl This time next week, l'll Ье eating pizza in ltaly!

142
Ert

Lач
LuPPoM / ач \Uреч 'a]o}aq роо} еSэчеdег Uэ}еэ р,ан оL
LКач|l,uрроэ / lаq ],Uеэ'sеzzld,]по ]элl|ар рJпоэ,{ёч1 6
оч},uеэ ) эч },usaoP 8 эчl,Uр|поэ V Ll! Lusaap / 11l,usl 'чSlр lээlс е sl е]рssпо!\ 8
,аý]поэ
il|пэlJ+lр l,usl tl }о :д 1поl ор 7 поt аrcц 'аэlп[эбчеJо Лче алеч },чор пол Z
а- 'апа|ашо ue ]ооэ Uеэ ан :х оL 2поl ор 7 поl цtM 's]addad l||lчэ i{ueLu ool рре },uoc 9
Лач+ },uор э Лачl l,uoм 8 {ач} },чэлеч ч LaM ||lM / ам llеч5
,uJоч}
lleэ qlэ| 'sал ц !еu]оэ эч1 рчпо.] luelnP}sa] Mau }9ч} }по ,i1 s,lэ1 9
a- моч Лq rauulp рочslчl} алеч 11rM,{et11 :у 5 Llачl l,UoP / lоч1l,uипочs
no,{11rM х по,(ор g поl елеq у 'ssa| }!q е }Sоэ р|почS s}эпроrd эlчебrо ,
,обе sо}пulш ма} е а-rэq
lo6,{1uo ам'оц ц L|l ],чs! / 1ечl l,Us!
;-'1а,{ раlэрlо 1,чалеч пол,оlе| ш,; ,{,uo5 :у g 'Pa]Pda,]d ,]эла Sеч ачs чаssёр }soq оч} s,}еч1 Е
no,{1uprp l,чалеч g no,tlupeq у
э поЛ LaMllupp / ам lppeq 'lер ,{Lа,лэ

a-'ЛJа]еq Mou очl lе 1t 1qбпоq поtr n sаlqеlабол pue 1trul чsа]+}о }о| е реч ам чэ!е6,]арчl] uI z
,реч ]олэ эл,| э)е) а}еlоэочэ
lýэq ач}sем}еч1 :х Z 1поl
ам},чрlр э омреч 8 ам},uреч v \чалеч / поl алеч 'аэrп[ 1rпllэdеlб pa>1l| Jалач алрч пол L
,1еаlб {11еаl seM
1r 'sэд n .чоцdо poJJo) ачl аsоочэ L
a-'}ч6!u 1sei lэччlр эl}sеluеJ е реч ам;х 9
l!},Uýl э ачs sl g ачs l,usl v
,)ооэ эl}ýеluе} е qачs
'чеол :д z1l l,usl 'dnos ur]dmnd g]еч_l
;6е1 uol}sanb е ut4r unouold
a- Мочs бul]ооэ Mau stt]l ut ped бurle} sl ёlе) :х ý
аsп ам 'polqns е se рэsп ]еч} unouo]d эч1 ч}lм sаэuаluаs u|
at11

l ще э поЛ а.]р g |},uа]е v

a-'эJач dallr lrвчs 2эеUs )э]лЬ е алеч q}gl
'чебал Л|Uо эчl lоч ur,| ,эSea|d laLuJo}pe|eS е /oN л zarlr llечs sl беt чоl}5епЬ эч}'9+аi чllм sаэча+UаS UI

Zэчоi!оло ]о} ]eals araP]o ам ||ечs }ечм 'SЛпб oS :х , ёпоК !м'роо! чэпUJ oo1JaPJo 1,чоо
поЛор э поЛ||lм 8 поЛl]ечs v
,JnoS
iпоl шм'а5оочэ uеsэшJеd ашоs а+е.]9
о]е Лэчl .- :ёпоtr l;lи.sl бе1uotpэnb эq1 'saлtleladlttt u;
'souo uээ]6 эч}i(пq l,uoP tnB,sa|dde эшоs aqlРr\ :л
lечм oS ')о :х t а l,uаJе'4ооэ рооБ е uj
aпоЛ }об l ||ечs
:al |,uaJe sl бе1 uorlsanb oq1 'Lu,i чllм sаэчэ}чаs ul
uslч} },Usl э arеч} },US| в .,+| },us| v sэsе> 1Bpadg
aеdlээl ач} a]l| поl р|пом,]ооэ lеаJб щпщ Лlл ;л
е sl

a-'sпоrэI]ар Л|эlп|оsqр sl dnos slч1 :х z 2поl олец ЪеUеUеg aduun ualea l,чалеч пол
ам },uoP ом||ечs g
э aM||lM v бе1 алlцsоd + }чашаlв1s алllебаN
,рU]ш
lluoP поI }l elsed алеч Jэч}еl P,l 'llaм il\ ZпоI LцаJе 'peoJq эlеls аsп о1бulоб э.l,по1
a- 1a6]nq е алеч S,}эl :х L бе1 аrцlебач + lчацIэlеF aлl}lsod
.sчо!}еsJалчоэ ач} ala|dmof ,6е1 a,ltltsod
ol э Jo в 'v 'uo|ldo рэJJо) ачl аsооч) мf,lдfч
е - 1чашаlе}s елt}ебэч
llNn е lэце '6е1 o,1tleбau е asn поi'lчэшаlеls олlllsоd е ]э]+ч
,|эчs
a- 'рlоэ рал]аs аq Uеэ dnos slчl о l 'поl '! ,6,о) unouoJd + (р/лоч5'l|lм 1чеэ.Б.ё) qJал |ерощ
ro (ор 'алеч 'eg) q]ал,(rеццпе ue 91tM sбе1 uotlsanb rulo1 под
о -,|-_ r+ lu]rq 1,чэлеч пол 6
_

a-'ad|)oJ ёч] поЛ элlб р,очS 8 (чебал е Sl o16utllel ale ам uos,эd

чlеIеэ },Uale ам \r)lач5 r,Us! 'Uебал е sI Jo+s]ý Jпол
a- Мочs бчl]ооэ е uo об о} бu!об gaH Z ач1
:Uоllечо}Ul Бчlsu е олеч uotlsanb е 1se o1pasn sбе1 чоtýепg
a-']эеq Лем rпо,{ Uo lln,]} чsа.r} ощоs Лп8 9
a-'sачslр
,с+|
lечl6Ul)еш le рооб эllпЬ ш,l s
l}olP е Uо ор о} моч sмou] о} бutlle1 аlе ам uoslэd ач} чlрllаэ lsоu]|е
1оч ёJ!под tl
ore ам ,J,.) lno,{ l,uoP 's66a раigurе.]эS 1ооэ ol моч MoU) лол
L
'роо} бчlчаl}р} +ео llчр|почý чаrр|lчэ ||ешS Е
:uol+euo}ul бчl||е} е олеч чоllешJl}uоэ.]о} рэsп sбеl чоllsапо
,uо|lsэпЬ е
a-'Лэlds {Jал +,usl ,t]]пэ slчl z )sP о}.]о uоl}еш]цчоэ ]о} шёчl
аsп эм,чs]lбчf ualods ut {1uo 1sошlе leodde,{эq1 ,ээчаlчаs
L эч} }о рчэ ач} }е рэрре suor}sanb 1otls aJe sбе} uollsanO
'роо+ Лчllеоч бurlea 1поqlrм 1ц aq 1,чеэ пол L
,64 uol1sanb рэло) эчl
чl!м ýа)чаlчаs ачl эlэldщоэ
 choose the correct oPtion, А. В or С,
1 Jake is_captain of оur juniorfootball team.
We do NOT чsе ап article:
А- ва С thе
. when we are talking about something iп gепеrаl, before
чпсочпtаЫе почпs or before plural countable nouns:
2 _ information about global warming сап Ье found
online,
Primary education is compu/sory iп this сочлtry,
А- BAn CThe
Farmers iп рооr сочпtгiеs еаrп very little. 3 ТhеrеЪ _ article in the рареr today about
. Ьеfоrе the names of continents and most countries and endangered species,
towns: А_ Вап Сthе
iп Ечrоре, iп kеlапd, iп DuЬliп
4 ltъ tеrriые that Great Barrier Reef iS uпdег threat,
Exceptions: ln the Unlted states, iп the United Klngdom, А_ Ва С the
in the Nether/aлds, iп Тhе Hague
5 Аrе уоч excited about your trip to _ South America?
We use а/ап: А_ Ва С the
. whеп we mention something fоr the first time or to refer to 6 This is grеаt ЬеасЬ -we should соmе hеrе again,
апу опе of а kind or group: А_ Ва Ctbe
London i5 а big city. (опе of mапу big cities iп the world)
Complete the sentences with а/ап, the or а (по
. whеп talking about sоmеопеЪ job: article},
Lucy is а doctor.
1 Wendy is _ famous artist. YoU сап see her
We use the: paintings iп best museums in world.
. before singular and plural countable nouns,to referto think that _
l Private health care is going to
Something that We have mentioned before: become mоrе рорчlаг sооп.
Не lived iп а big city. Тhе сiбz was po//uted. 3 _ capital of Netherlands isn1
. Lo rе[еr to something specific or Uniquei Ha9ue. ltЪ _ Amsterdam.
/ /ike the со/очr ofthat shirt, 4_ Scientist has Said recently that _ cities
Who is the Рrimе Minister of уочr сочпtry? haven1 changed much since _ '19th century.
. to refer to а period in history: 5 Yesterday my Ьгоthеr asked me _ question about
the Rелаьsапсе паturаl disasteгS. l didn't kпоw _ апswеr.
о with the superlative forms о{ adjectives: 6 Do you think _ secondary school students should
the Wоrst wear uniforms?
. with ordinal numbers: complete the texts With а/ал. tbe or О (no aЁicle).
th€ tbird
DHAKA
40 реrсепt о{ people iп 1_ Dhaka, '_ capital
complete the sentences With а/ап or the. of Bangladesh, live in З_ slums whеrе mапу people
are without' Water and 5
electricity.6
1 Му mчmЪ _ secondary school tеасhеr. 5hе works government are trying to improve the living standards
schooljust аrочпd of slum-dwellers. '_ ог9апisаtiопs аrе working with
2 l was born in last week о{ January, All slum-dwellers апd offer them 3_ medicine and
children in очr fami у аrе Ьоrп iп winter 9 education.
3 Are you hungry? l сап make you _ chicken MUMBAl
salad. we сап also have lп 10_ Mumbai, 11_
sandwich or
capital о{ lndia, 62 регсепt
soup from yesterday. of inhabitants live iп 12_ slums, lЗ ргёsidепt is
4 СапЬеrrа is _ capital o{Australia,buti5italso trying out 1а_ different solUtion; she Wants to move
АчstrаliаЪ biqgest city? these people from 15_ slums into пеw homes,
5 lt'.s f]rst time l've Ьееп to USA, l've never MExlco clTY
crossed _ Atlantic before.
lп the 1990s 16_ lv]exico city was 17_ most
6 Leonardo da Vinci, опе of most famous artists polluted place in the world. Traffic congestion was
and iпчепtоrs о{ alltime, lived during _ Renaissance. 13_ biggest cause of pollution. 19_ gочегпmепt
_ lViddle Ages was а period of history that lasted has invested in 20 new bus network and 2l
from sth to 1sth centuries AD. bike-sharing рrоgrаmmе. lnstead of usin9 2'_ саrs.
8 sam works as епчirопmепtаl епgiпеег With реорlе are now using
а_ bus network to get to
Wоrk. The next Step iS to rерlасе 2а_
_ grоuр that protects the oceans,
25
petrol cars With
9 Climate сhапgе i5 _ electric cars.
wогst thing for _ future
о{ our рlапеt.
10 Shапghаi, which has а population of over 24 million, is
_ city in _ east of China.
9rt

Сш]еr е
элеч s}чэJеd 5,uoLulS) ,s]ешlче ч}lм бUll]ом sало| uощlS

(,,(rtэ
uеLцоU е seм llаdшоJ) ,cV бl ul рэ,(оr}Sор seм ]lэdшоd

(,}slбо olq е sl ]ачlоlq slH) ,оэuэlэs Sэlрпls )uP.]l 9

,,!п}uээ
[ээlчад оl ёsоlэ ,&ал
чlý, ёч} Ul SеэUl ёчl itq }|!пq seм '(saPuV ечvчбlч/эq) sl ?пррd) ,]ашшпsёч}ul s}suпоl Лчеш sре]uе епреd ý
/пчээlJ пчэеlл
- ot
,P|JoM эч1 ul
+rasoP }Saбre| ач1lIlепре Sl '(||е+/Л|а]е] (,о]оч} Лэчабе ,1sellag o16urnoLu ш,1
|але]}е}е]]ом ||,|) 9
/UleJ) 'еэl}эJеluV
}eaLu }ео },U5ooP '(еlрч|/шоJ} ёLuоэ) salPnls e]PueS)
(.,{6oIooz
,eulqз
'рч+ал PUa!]}
^!\
'еэl]эшV
8 ut lеа,{ ре1 sppued 1чеlб Mes еJрuе5 t
ч}поS Ul ]элl,] }sэбчо| ачt S! '(ýэ|J}чпоэ хls/чбпоlчl мо|}) (uo]_}o) эlUе6]о 1о эреul
1aлU чоzешV ач1 sl ]Jlчs-_L slчt) ,uоl}llаdшоэ ач1 чl azud е sl !lчS-1 Slч1
,uоl5slLц z
|eaJ р алеч '(}oUeId ]поldlоч/Lulе)
'S}Sl]еlчаu]Uо]lлUз
,(snolaбUep е}lпЬ
(,чрш||lн eluel sl ]eUMo gЛUвdшоэ ачl)
,о]ач .]аdеlэsЛ)s е
Plrnq o1sueld eq1 ;.
/оq/Slче}lqечul) ^uеdшоэ
.slal)eJq ц! чоllе[чJо}ч! ачl аsп .sаsпе|э
'o16un[ е ur si{ep мэl е 1uads ам lеэ,{ ре1 9
,}чбlч lэчlеl arr;te;эr бu;ullap-uou ч}!м sa)ualuas ачl allJ/Йau
}е р|оэ
aq Uеэ 'Лер оч} бчuпр (чбlч,t||еаrlаq/sэlпlе]эdща1) ,snolxue lJол ощеэаq Л|чаррп5

,6чrlэЬоt
'чэsар еrечеs эч1 , ']елl.] эч1 шо]}.]аlем бu]]Ul.]р а]ам 'slueqdala at]1 9
L]}tM рэssаsqо аJе'(Лбо|оэа/чэпщ iiал Л1l.]ечэ |еluашчоllлча ue o1uotleuop бlq е apeuJ
/аq)-'sрUэU} Лл Е seq 'ssautsnq бtq е sun] a}lм - 'sPuou1,{Lu 1о ачб 9
,aJn}eu
lnoqe а]еэ },usэор '(tал ,]эч аsluбоэе] },чор aIdoad
/oq/alýls) 'шоl z - qlоба,rgэr\ }ачег
,sJалlр spe]BP '(чоl}еUl}5ор Лерl|оч
st uol1eutlsap i{eptlot1 аluполеl sJIд] t
}о sPeoI ,,{11пlаlеэ -'uoPuol
ба1 s,esr1
рёulLuеха
/rеаl6/эq) '1d.{6] t
.Лlеssэээч suo;1;soda.td '{l1ql ueql lap|o чаа9 алеч },чеэ 1орор ач1 Е
11 ,э]о}аq uaeq ,]элэ
Jo sа|э!че ppv .slаlэеJq ul sPJoM очl rо ulJo, раJ.|оэ - ue чо реч
sп }о

ачl чl!rч1 sa)ualuaý at11 sаэuэlчаs aq1 аlаldшоз

auou ач1 о} uol}lpedxa tuaм ам z
,1Slбо|оэа ýпоuJе} е sl
'}uа(цоtц ачl lе Jаqu]ащэJ
,раlпllоd,{1Бчrsеаlэчt бчtшоэоq
st -'uozeluv
1,чеэ l аu]рu 'аJеч} Jало чеш бuпо,{ 1eq1 1
'елr1 surgdlop r(чеш а.lочм / чэlчм 'uеачеJ]а}lреh] ач_L о L
'аsоч/и
'sеlэаds мач е 'lsllUаlэs UMou)i
ра.]алоэSlр -
Jo аJачм 'чrlчrl 'очrи чl!м sа)ч6}чэs ачl аlа|dщоэ
-||ам е seм чэlчл4 / очм 'чоIllраdхэ ачl
+о Jореэ| эч1 6
,}5еоэ ач} lеэU
uээs seм очм / чэlчr\
uttldlop palnlut ue 1qбпеэ ,{11ечrl ыапэsэl JeLulue оч_L 8 ,5оsпе|э элl}е|аJ
бutuцэр-чоu ut sunouold алtlеlа: ач} }по алеэ| },чеэ эм
L96L аэчls обо| s,J/Vlvц чаоq sеч
'sэtэаds раlабчерчэ че sl очlи/ чэiч.м 'ePued ач1 Z ,sо/ээds s]o/ эаs чеэ
PJlglo
,uol}eul}sap поlt аочм'sрче!s! чqч Uo sрчоu} )по Pallslzr ам.rеэ,{ре1
1алеll lеlпdоd е еLцоээq sрч 'е]ош pue
рuпе} бulzрще aas uеэ по^а.lочм / чэlчм luоzешч эч1 :0еч] 1oN }nq)
9
.шеа} оэа
9|оочэs ]по }о
а5очrr ]о аJачrr 'чr!чfi 'оrlи sunouo]d алllе|ёJ ч}!м !els о

ебJечэ Ul sl чэrчм / очи l]Jеlл PaмalNalul | )аом }sel 9 'sешLUоэ

.арlмр|]ом UMou) sl Бчlsп еэuэlчаs ач+ }о }sal эчl шо]+ pe}e,]edэs sЛемlе aJe .
,ечlчэ
'эJпlеu ал]аSчоэ ol Sl чоlýslш аsочд / чэlчм Змм ач1 t' lulчоэ Ul sule]Unou]
,аэuэtlэdхо,&еutр,lое]}хо ач} Ul ал]/ SePUed +ue]9 .- ,еU!чэ lцщеэ U] sulеlчлош ач+
uе sl 'sэtэеds sпоjэшпu Iq
uj алlI 'sэ/эаds pa]a6uepuo ue ale quцм'sерчеd 1uel9
рэllqечul 5l чэlчм / аlачм 'чеаэо аslопЬlпlе ut бчtлtб g
:uolleLuJo+ul Slч1 1поч},м
ч}|еоч uешпч оl sпоlэбчер аlе 'uotln1lod
asuas sо]еш ||lls аэuаluаs эч1,lпоqе бull1el ale ам.эlо
Jo lo| е оsпрэ чэlчл4 / очд 'sашп} lsпечхо rеэ z
,lоочэS-оээ Uе оl sаоб 'аэе|d '6u]ч}'uо9ёd ач}tпоqе uolleщ]o1ut 1euorlrppe алrб .
'чоl}l}оdшоэ ачt uoм чоllэа}о]d
:sэsпе|э елl}е|аJ бчlчl}ар-uоN
|е}чашuо]lлuо 1поqе polo;d qэlr7м 7 esoqM 'рчаu1,{д ц
,uolldo lэаJJоэ эчl аsоочэ Е
 2 Complete the second ýentence so that it has а similar
meaning to the first.
We pUt а preposition at lhе end of clauses: 1 lVу dad is rеаllу proud of climbing l\zlont Вlапс,
. in relative сlацsеs: clinrbing lv]ont Blanc
This i5 the sclentist i have Ьеел waiting for, ltЪ rather difficult to deal with pollution in big cities.
Camping Ьу а /ake is something we're enthusiastic about, Pollution in big cities
Тhеrе аrе severa/ елчirопmепtа/ issues you hаче to prepare ltЪ rеаllу interesting to listen to his lесtuгеs оп
а presentatlon аЬоцt thе Аmаzоп rain{orests.
. in Wh- questions; Hi5 lectures about the Amazon ralnforests

Whеп creating а detailed question in which а verb оr an

Тhе government should spend more mопеу оп
ad.jecive is followed Ьу а preposition and а почп, sчсh
есо-friепdlу solutions.
as /isten to music, afrald ofspiders, etc., we leave the
preposition a{ter the чеrЬ оr adjective. Eco-frlendLy solutions
ltЪ dапgегоus to swim in а fast-flowing mountain rivet
Whаt kind of апimаls are you afraid of?
А [аsгllоwiпg mountain river _
What аrе you good at?
Schools must focus оп educating children about
. in infinitive structures: the environment.
Саре Ноrп is рrоЬаЬlу the most hazardous place to sail Educating сhildгеп about the environment
аrоuпd-
Неrе аrе the safety procedures you need to Ье аwаrе of What hеЪ anxioUs about is climate сhапgе.
Climate change
Сап you comment оп the issue?
Write Sentences from the prompts. ls thе issue
1 are / реорlе /forlthose/waiting /what ? ShеЪ сараЫе of dealing with the ргоЫеm.
Dealing with thе problem
rеlу / епег9у / are / rепеwаЬ]е / on / а / sources / good / 10 What l want to ask about is volunteering for the animal
charity.
to / a]ternative
Volunteering for the anima1 charity

реорlе /jams / about / mапу / соmрlаiп / something / UNlT REV|EW Complete the 5епtепсе5 with the
traffic / аrе / that correct form of the words iп brackets. Add articles or
prepositioný if necessary.
solution / оп / light bulbs / might / low епеrgу / Ье / 1 Which part of the project
spend / good / а /to/ money (youlinterested)?
2 Тhе пеw ecologicaL policy
(something/
5 саге / is / you / that / ecology / about / sогпеthiпg ?
everybody/talk) поW.
3 Recycling bins might Ье difficult
issues / you / paгticularly / about / what / are /
(get used).
ecological / wопiеd ?
4 N/]y older sister is
(somebody/you/always/rely).
7 forward / lесчrе / looking / аrе / to / which / you ?
5 l don't think he (Ье/
aware)these prob ems.
something / global / is / to /пееd / we / оп / warming / 6 lVу uпсlе, (whose/
work story/we/listen), is а keen trачеllег.
7 опе of (big)
9 famous / achievement / for / he / what / is ? ргоЫеms in developing countгieS iS poverty,
рооr access to education and hea'thca,e is
1о that / provided / we / she / pleased / а / wеге / with / (grоw/ргоЫеm) too.
5olution 8 which members of staff
(Ье / rеsропsiЫе) thе
animals?
9 Сапаdа, (Апп /
come), is particularly cold in the Winter,
10 lп my opinion,
(impress) city in the World is Paris.

146
LnL

,р|]ом ачl
рuпо]е (оле]1)
l 'it]aцo| оч} (UlM) | }| о |'
,sашеб оорlл бullе|d}о
Pea}ýu ]el|]ee рэq о}
(о6) ^о{ }l рёJl] (|эа, lou) пол 6
- )п ач} u| аш!} ашоs (Puads)
}l Ja}}aq чэпщ чsl|6чf ()eads) |]Ulч+ l
,||ам
- - 1l Jаче oJooD
ач э]пs ш,| 'lad е (алеч) обеlI}|
абепбuе ёU} (моU] rou) |}lэ)UeJl

Hs|M i)]oм о} Uмор }эб рUе бululе|dtuоэ dols /

Ul оS]пч е se qо[ slч} Jo} И|dde lоU) I9
- - aPle }ýJ l}
аuоэшоs алlб o1o1qe (аqlпоЛ)
HS|M
,sPuau} Лчеш элеч
},UoP | 'Л|эlечп1rо}чп 9
'tUерlээе ue (ээs)
- поtr l1
л ,uочо о]оtu оч
ч|ем Jo} (о6)
д,]No,Pes '6ор е (элеч) lэq+еlрчеl6,{ш
аu] sэ]ец] }| ]оlэор е oos о} }UeM l,чsёор rач}оJq Лл 9 11

ашеа1||еqlа)sеq
lпеd }l |оочэS эч1 ul Xe|d о} поЛ 0Se)
c"lnoM,s}|nsэJ
,]ood sеч ач,{чм sl }ечl,чбпоча aslpeJd 1,usaop 1пез tr
]ачэеа} JпоЛ }l (ор/поl)
,sэJ}Ua) suods а]оLu (аq)
}ечм t
оrоч} }|

,uods е dn эlе1
Uэчо оJош }ods (ор) ,{1tэ ,{tu u1 эldоаб 7
з; :st uotlsa66ns,{tu 1ng поI tоu tц, € ,sц]6|qo]d бчlчlеэ]q (алеч)
I

]l бU166оI (dn a)el }оч) lt

HS|M rэч ]о} ,lечоц!рuо) .ýlо])еJq ч! sqJал
,fuos;aa11 ,ýачэер?оч sеч чацо эlе> ',{1оlечп1lоlчл 7 рчо)эs ачl аýп
ач} +о tлJо, lэaJJo) ачl чl!м sаэчэlчаs эчl аlа|dtцоэ L
,6ut66ot
дlцб з1
чэпLu ор }оuuрэ ;,{qM sr leql pue,{zzlp ]эё} uаъо ,чsliи qJэл эч1 чЕч+
| [ }a]6oJ }о бчl|аа} rёбuо.r}s е sэSsэldxa r(ruo,
,slеl;dеэ u1 sp.roM оч} аsп .lsJ!+ gчl se бч!чеащ
idn l0lпq рlпом юlsls ltlt i1uo 11лslм 1
Je|lmls е ýеч l! }ечl оý э)ча}uаs рчоэаs оч} а}!Jмац :|о.]}Uоэ lo эбчечэ
},uеэ ом SбUlч1 о} sla1ol l11епsп 11 ,6uti(ouue 1t put1 ам uaqM
seм э аq р|пом 8 ёq ll!м v ,{11епsп '1чаlадrр aq о1 э)ll pInoM ом }еч1 uotlenlts 1uasald
,рLuч}sе шо]}

la;]ns },upip ечs }l lашultмs 1euotssa1old е

е lnoqe ]Ie} о} ал!l!чцч; + рlпоlи + {1чо rrlч9r,lr аsп ом
еч!е1/{ 9
-эslэlаха ,ччеач uмо )lэчl
лоqе рэLеэ eldoэd l{1uo !l/чs!м t
раsl)lохэ э
,oloLu
ёsl)Jахо P|noм 8 v
1rq е Xat1}}l ]э+аq |ее} p|noм Лач1 9 :uotlenlts 1uasald е qltM
-
чэ}еэ },uом э чэ}еэ},чр|помЕ чэ}еэl,чsаорч
uotpelstlesstp ssaldxa о} a|dщ!s lsed +,{lUо rrд5рr ёsп ам
,ua}o os suоl}эа}ч] ещрчеJб Лur чslм | 1' l1uo 1t7tlslM
реч э алеч
-
||lM в олеч v
,ебо,{ dn ,trep lLола
аlе1 рlпом 'оLutl эlош l1uo 11 g ryом ol, раlэtrэ otl lt Jаlчllеёч loa} р|пом он
-
1 1

ll|м э р|почs 8 P|noм v

,Ssaulze| 0эаj+а)
slч ]ало 1эб lш чslм | z (чоlllрчоэ) ал!l!чцч!
-Jоч}оlq
g
1,чs!э l,useм эq 1,чр|пом v а|drл!s rsed +J! + lluPlnoм/Plnorll\
,S]оорlпо
:/эlч+/еэч laal рIпом эц 'lер i1otla 1loM оl раr),(, ёчjl
au]l} а]ош puadsplnoMat1 'uo;;od оl эrбlаllе aq 11
- gsоочэ
.э Jo .v ,чо!ldо palJo) ачl
1
(rэаJ]а) '(чоlllрUоэ)
8 ол!l!u!}u! + l, uрlпОlИ/РlЛО/u aldtu!5 реб +41
,чэпш os
uпч 1usaop 71uplp ба; lш qsrM 1 9
l] Jаце ешшоэ е еSп эм'lsJl} sаLuоэ аSпеlэJ] ач}
iа|эЛэ.]оlоur {q 1ооLlэs оl об рlпоэ7 чеэ 1 ,{1uo 11 9 Uэчм ээча}Uа5оч}чl эtt]оэ Uеэ SаsпеJэ ом} ач} }о,]ач}!f
,аlпlеlоdtuэ1 }sll+
е алеq 1uрlлом
,,tеро1 ilsJц лрэ поК рром оцм 1чарtээе ue реq поl 1
/ алеч \чрlр 1 tlstM 1 1ооqэs оl об o11ueM 1 tr
,,{еме :a;qeqoldmr
об рlлом 7 sаоб ured srq1 rlsrM 1 6
Jачlе] sl }пq аJп}п} ач} ч! чёddеч р|поэ 1еч} бчlч+ёLUоS }поqр
iээlлре i{Lu лло//оJ р/пом / sиollo} lо {1a>ltlun ,ia,l lо эlqtssodtut эlе qэtqм sa+e+s.]o suol}enlls
,suоlslээр бчоlм
еч5 Л|uо }l so>1eLu ,{11епsп lalsrs,(p1 7 }uэsard }поqе ]|е} о} sаэчэluоs |ечоцlрчоэ puo)as osn эм
i}еэ Лш ]эце бчlSечэ бор ]lач} dois р, Sаэчэ}чаs IPuol}tpuo) рчо)оS
doзs laq1,(1uo;1 ,6ut,{ouue ,tал аlе ыпоqqбrэч
7 ,{щ 1
,uolldo раJJоэ ач} аsоочэ z
 3 Rewrite the sentences iп the Third conditional.
'l Тhеу didn't rеасh thе North Pole because they rап out
We use Third Conditional sentences to talk about роssiЫе о{ {ood.
events in the past that did not hарреп. We o{ten Use them to
ехрrеS5 regret or criticism,
2 l was tired yesterday, so l didn't go out with my friends.
lf l had worn а helmet / wоцldп't lrave got hurt so bad/y
during the fall
lttook US ages to get to the аirроrt because there WaS
Would you have reacbed the top еаr/iеr ifyou had сhоýеп
а lot oftraffic,
а dlfferent route?
We use the Past Perfect. iл the if-clause (describing the
Ann didn't рhопе me, so l didn't kпоw about hеr
condition). lп thе main clause (describing the effect), we use
would/wouldn't + hаче + the Past PaЁiciple of the mаiп рrоЫеmS With the eqUipment.
verb.
Не hаd ап accident in the mountains and had to go
Eitheг of the two clauses сап come first iп the sепtепсе. when
the if-clause comes fiгst, we use а соmmа after it. to hospital.

+ Past Perfect would/wouldп't bave + Gina didn't use а mosquito net,5o а mosquito bit hеr
'f
(condition), Paýt РаЁiсiрlе
and sbe became ill with mаlаriа.
{effec).

ll l had cycled mоrе carelully, l wouldn't have Ьrоkеп mу аrm. Joe didn't wеаг wаrm clothes last weekend, so hе
would/wouldn't hаче + if + Past Perfect caught а cold.
Past PaЁiciple (condition).
(е{fёсt)
we didnt rеасh очr destination because the weather
/ wоuldлt bave Ьrоkел mу аrm il lhad cycled more care{ully- conditions wеrе very bad.

9 Rami left the party early because it was boring.

Match the ýentence halves.
1 We would have lost оur way in the wood о 10 Betty didn't take раrt in the marathon Ьесаusе she
2 Susie wouldn't have rycled to school о didn't have time to train-
3 l{you had left еаrliеr, о
4 lf my mum hadn't packed апу food, о choose the соrrесt option.
5 Тhе climbers would have been in serious dапgеr о 1 lf we wou/d hаче / hadn't eaten that food, we wоuldпt
6 lf she had known his true nature, с hаче had / wouldn't hаче indigestion yesterday.
7 lf l hаd known this activiý was illegal, с 2 lf I wоuldп't bave /hadлtfelt ill last week, l would
8 lITom had рrерагеd {оr tl,e tгiр Ьеttеr, с hаче / hаd gопе to school.
а she wouldn't have mагriеd him. З Тhеу would have Ьееп ,/ had Ьеел late if they wouldn't
Ь lwould have Ьееп very hчпgry. hаче / hаdлt taken а taxi.
с the rescue team hаdп't arrived so quickly,
i{ 4 lf Sue would have,/had known about the meeting
d you would have caught the train, sooner, wou/d she have,/she had agreed to go there?
е if she had kпоwп it was goin9 to rain, 5 Rob wou/dnt have had / hаdп't hаd а temperature
f if we hadn't had очr GPS with us, yesterday if hе wouid have,/had put оп а coat and
g lwould печеr have signed the contract. а hat.
h hе would have enjoyed it much mоrе. 6 Would you have / Hadyou told them the trчth if they
2 comPlete the sепtепGеý. Use thе Тhird conditional. would hаче / had asked you then?
7 l{ Mia wou/d hаче Ьееп / hаd Ьееп tb,ere before, shе
(the explorers/survive) if they
wouldn't have / hаd got lost,
(take) better equipment?
8 | wочldп't have / hаdлt called l\,4ike i{ l wоuld hаче ./
2 lf Liu (not warn) me,
had kпоwп hе was busy.
(make) а serious mistake.
9 |I l had gопе / wauld 9о to ltaly instead of Веа, l'm
I

3 lf you (leave) ап hour еаrliеr,

sure l wouid hаче dопе / would do mоrе sightseeing
(you/miss)the рlапе?
than shopping.
4lf l (not take) а tоrсh W th me,
1О Nе wouldn't / would hаче had so mапу рrоЫеms if he
(поt find) my way out,
had lalked / talked10 somebody at the time.
I

5 What (you/do) if your рагепts

(not let) you take а gap уеаг?
l'm convinced that Rory (pass)
his exams i{ he (study) all year.

148
бпl

lou о}]ар]о ul э о} }оч Se oS 8 lou 1еч1 os v

,}|ёýJпоl

aJnlul luaLudlnba slч} аsп поЛ Uэчм |п}о]еэ е8 9

- ]ePJo Ul v
}еч} os э о}sеоsя
,шЛб е Ulо[ uеэ
|- 5оч}о|э }по]]ом оl.цоS 1чбпоq эл,| 9

р|поэ э оl ]эр]о чl 8 1ечl оý v

,s|ешlче Jo} аJеэ }ал е ашеэаq ан t
}рэ }оч э}еа }ou о} я }еа о} }oU v
,ýроо} ЛJебпs Лчеш oot Jач раslлре }sl}uop ]он Е
р|пом э -
р|поэ g uрэ v
,э|doad эч} апэSэJ

}eq1 os оsпоч бчlulпq ач} olul unl эл,IачI z

-.{aq}
оlSеоSэ ]эрJо Ul g }ечl os v
,daals qбпоча Хреа paq ot об р]почs пол !
1эб
'}чбlам lчбu -
,э Jo 'v 'uolldo рэ.|Jоэ эчl
еч1 Леls о} ul ýlseq ]еlпба] е чо I}lлl}эе |еэlsi{чd 8 аýоочэ z
ор р|почs a|doad бuпод,trllаdо,d }sa,l sэlроq '}ч6!ом
Jlёчl 1ечl os-9doaIs чбпочэ бutвэб st бutq1 1еlrп laqlouy
aso; р;поэ ,{eqlleq; оsl./эр]о ul }эlр е uo 1чэм Xat11 g
-s бutlea
,роочр|lчэ чl sllqеч
,lлеач
рооб бulч uецlIt,чор/оllоч аш р|о}lэчlр]},{r\ /
раdо|алэр рlпом .{aq1 'spoo} ,(qt|еач аsоочэ о1 ,шраl ЛэчабJашэ ue о}
моч чмочs чэаq uабечаа111 :rебпs е]}ха рlоле
01-z -, os ччuр цоs uеч} ]еч}еJ ]чl]р е Se laleм бuоlэq рlлоэ 7 чеэ ,{эчl }еч} os Лер ,tела paurel1,(eq1 9
-. ,(ач1 ,Uацо os Pa]l} |аа} l,чр|пом
аSоочэ os|e рIпочs ,]о}}оq
,(еql 'Iер е sa qеlабал рUр }lп]} }о suollod алц |эа} чеэ ачs ]еч] os / se os sаssеlэ ебо,{ spuaцe о}е) ý
ыабеuээl;t 1Bt11 ш tе;э sраdхз ,6чrэqllэм ,ыабечэа1 ,I}uеqэ lо1,{ачош aste,l
-! lnO
Pue,s}|nPP ч}оq Uо a]nssa]d }nd Uеэ Sa|,qsa}l| Лsпq рlпоэ 7 uеэ ,{эql leq} os чаэчоэ е бцlslчебlо a],^aq1 у
,dBб .adeqs
ч)еа
ц! PJolvt эчо t1l1M цэ1 эt11 аlаldцlоэ мзlл:lч 1;Nп рооб ur .{els o1;eq+ os7 se os бutu.LrutMs dn ]оо} lned е
,Jэчрам ,apue lпо,{ utelds o11ou
1eq1
ёu]оllха uI эLl',l р|оl ан os / loplo ul qooq рооб uo 1nd '6ul))al об поЛ чэчм z
,Jэчlеэм ,ао#оэ i{д 1
ol ]чl]р ol ]ou / зou о1 аш рlоl lоlэор
аша]}ха Ul бut66oI o61uplnoqs | }ечl оLU о} Ples ан 8 ,цо!ldо рэJJо) ачl аýоочэ
,}5llеlэаdS ач1 L

1чэшlurоddе ue эреш эq5

,пч
sv os ачl чэlе2 Lчрром
,1uaullutodde uP эPeLu ачý '}sl|еlэ9dS ач} эаs о1 qualled ag} 1еrд os s]о]ls/л .IoJ раsо/э seM 1eldsoq ag1
,6utpaalq
:}Sed ачl }поqе ]|е} о+ рром/рро, .
lабчцsrq uo lolseld е }nd 1ещ ,lep auo чоцluеw чru ue' 1рrд os /ер fuала бu66о[ об 1
е

,1t
с,]пом :}uasэ,rd aql poqe >1|е} о} Uеэ .
uo.lalseld е 1nd >1lер1 os бurpealq seM lэбчц srц ,qJол
,6чlqэlа.,tls |ероцJ е бululеluоэ
аэuэ}Uэs }ечl о9 бUlýп asodJnd }о SаSпЕ|э шJо} os|P чеэ пол
xls }е dn slэБ бал +
,1gбtэм чlеб о1
lvHI os Бчlчэ}а]}S зоч se os s}еэмs бчl]еа dols рlпоrls по1
ашоs ор ol s}ueм ачs оsпеэеq xls }е dn s}аб бэш ,slualled alлri ar7+ dп .lааqэ
,р|оэ р
ot ýа os s]поlоэ ]чбug uI pelu/ed seм pJeM s,чоJр|чэ ач!
1еоэ ш:ем е uo 1пd eq5 ,slэasut ,{g
,р|оэ р
Ufcuo чэ}еэ uatllg ag ot tou /аро u! ]еU оlJпЬsо(U е ]эрUп ]da/s ам
ol }чец lluplp ачý аsпеэаq 1еоэ шlем е uo 1nd эq5 у ,u]pd
.sаоltпЬsош lq ач+ аýЕа ol Japo ut чоqэа[ut ue dцt14 олеб эtрэшаеd ац1
,s+a/ge] ачl л,rэч) ol
бчtuалэ эql ut ur pa,{els laq1 lou ец] Piol1o}эoР ачl
1чнд оs,6чlчалаач} ul ul paIe}s 'sаlрлls /еэjрац].]еч ю1 lочоw
,{at1} os saoltnbsotu t(q чэцrq 1эб o11ueM 1,uprp laqt g аu,/оs u.rpa oJ Jsluо]+dаэа_r е sp fJa6]ns /еэо! е р ра4)ом еllц
,Sрчеч slч ,ол!l!uцч!
+ ol (lou) 5е о5 / алв|чgul
sa,lo16 алtраlоld чо }nd чес + ot (lou),.aPJo ul asn osle чеэ no,('al,ýý lещJо} о]ощ е ч|
,ал!{ч!rч!
Sv оs,Sрчеч slч uJnq ol + о}
}ueм l,uplp эч аsпеэаq sa,lo16 алtlэаlоld uo 1nd ueq 7 +оu Jo ал!t!u!ru! + ol е бчtsп раш:о1 аlе asodlnd }о sаsпе|э
,lаПеq Sulше}lл а]ош ё]91 ,6 tq}o r.u
u os
UfсUо,Sчlшеllл аJоцr а)е1 lаuаq}абоllчем по,{11 ;. sаор,(роqашоs lqм Леs о} эsod]nd }о sаsпе|э оsп uеэ пол
,s|еIdФ ч! spJoм ачl аsп .ls.l!+ эчl se бч!чеащ
Jе|!rл!s е sеч l! lечl оý a)ualuas рчоэаý ачl эlэ|drлоэ
 complete the Second ýentence so that it has а similar
meaning as the first.
Whеп We Want to rероrt What sоmеопе said, we сап use ] '|'ve печеr hеагd of this aгtist,' said Susan.
Direct оr RероЁёd sреесh.
Susаг said
ln Direct Speech the sреаkеrЪ words аге поt сhапgеd in апу 2 'Dad, l'm meeting Ann tоmогrоw,'sаid НеIеп.
Way:
неlеп told
'Yочr son draws we/l,' ""q Тhеу said, 'Yоur sоп draws well.' 3'Yesterday someone painted some graffiti in my street,'
ln Reported Speech we often report the sреаkеrЪ words using said Оl9а.
verbs like add, claim, explain, point out, rерlу, say, suggest, Olga said
te// and the рrопоuп that (Which сап Ье om;tted). Тhе verb te/i
takes an object (mе, u5, Jоhп, mу friend, etc,).
4'l сапsеll you some of my pictures,' Paul said to me.
Раul told
'/sell раiлtiпgs,' --r 5hе told me/said (that) shе sold раiлtiпgs.
5'lVywife doesn't collect paintin9s,' said George.
We make the {ollowing changes in Reported Speech: George said
. tenses:
6'Yоч cannottake photos hеrе,' the guard told mе.
Dired sPeech Repo*ed speech The guard said
Pre9ent simp|e Past simple 7 '|'m not going to point out anybody,'said Alice.
Апп: 'l paint pictures.' Ann said (that)she painted pictures,
present continuous past continuouý
Alice said -
8 'N4y sister signed а recording сопtrасt last week,' Rotl
Апп:'l am painting а Ann said (that)she Was painting
а picture.
Said to me.
рiсtчге.'
рrеýепt perfed past perfect Rob told me
Апп: 'l have painted мо Апп said (thаt) she hаd painted 9 'We canl stay hеrе muсh longer', said Lага.
рiсturёs,' two pictures.' Lara said
Past Simple past perfed
10'|'ll come очеr at ]0 o'clock tomorrow and help you
Апп: 'l didn't paint it.' Апп said (that) she hadnt painted it.
past perfed pack', Said Nadia to mе.
Past Perfed
Ann: 'l hadnl painted Апп said (that) she hadnl painted Nad ja told me
Ьеfоrе,
RероЁ what Jоhп and Amanda said. Choose the
сап/сеп't could/couldn't correct verb апd camplete the sentences.
Ann:'l can paint.' Апп said (that)she could paint.
wilVwoп\ would/wouldn't ] Journalist: lп your opinion, who is the most talented
Ann:'l Won't paint дпп said (that)she Wouldn't paint BritiSh painter?
апуmоrе.' апуmоге. Jоhп: Of course, l'm the most talented painter iп the UK.
апЛs/аrе going to wа'/wёrе going to
John c/armed,/ added _
Ann:'|'m going to Апп said (that)she was going to
paint.' paint. 2 Теасhеr: Аrе you interested in аrts?
Аmапdа: l like ореrа. And l like mоdегп аrt too.
. time ехргеssiопs and words rеfеrriпg to places (depending
Amanda said
on the context):
and she added / rерliеd
поw --+ at that time/then
Nancy: You've lived hеrе for about а уеаr now, haven't
today + that day
you?
yesterday *} the day ьеfоrе
John: No, we moved hеrе in 2010.
two hours ago э two hочrs earlier/before
Jоhп suggested / explained
tоmоrrоv,l ..+ the followiпg day
Wепdу: Will your parents let you go to the club?
next * the fol/owing
Amanda: No, my раrепts will never let me go to the club.
/ast + the previous Amanda repiled / suggested
hеrе "-+ there 5 John: Sоmеопе hаs mаdё а mistake.
. time ехрrеssiопs and words rе{еrriпg to places (depending тiпа: Let me check it.
on the context): John pornted out,/ rерiiеd
thislthese * th at/th ose Wendy: Have you sееп the пеw Bond film yet?
l/v,re hе/shе/thеу
--+ Amanda: No, but l'm going to see it this weekend.
mе/us .-l him/hеr/thеm Аmапdа said but she
mУ + his/her pointed out / added

оur - their
l.s t

,]a}oJ о} s}o]эt} ал 6 ol +оч Plo}

о} Ples a]nl Pue ||lс,iJоlаd оl slэ]эll]по алl61,чос, 0[

,||eq
эч} бUlsечэ бор .l|J o,1 PIol-
,Sп
р|о} що1 рUе Lu l rjl|eq оч} бUlSечэ бор ]nox ur|ll,
- - rач чllм
].]аэuоэ ечt о} об р|пом рэ)sе
,sPuou} lоч
рэ)sе Лач1
,Sп Pa)se е|абчV,a]Jаэuоэ ачl о} оLU чllм оurоэ поЛ ||!м,
pa)se Лёч} lzsо}очd э>]еt sn }ё| Лач} ||lM, о L ,шlц
pa)se
,оuег pe]se
I
lоl-rоq аq1 pa,{o[ua peq palse
}l
,4|елоч rпоЛ бul+чм рочslu|}
|
l"]:lT: ,,{||eS pa)se )эlN ,;шlц loLloq эql,{оtuа по,( plc,
Pe]se ен Ulolol- р|о}
-
,оtц
ро)5е оч ,auaos rале ол,поl щ|!щ ,sп а]ег,lsп Ulог.
ili:iч] :! р|о} UоU Pue
-
,шlч
Po]Se щlг - ,рчэ14
}Saq
рэ]sе rur1 .;1alqel lno,{ Mo]loq uеэ,
ёlачм
.1
I
+alu }5Jц реч Pa)Se
,l_ -. _
рё)sе | ,oLu
'ебlо
pa)se uuv ,apuol]} 1saq lпоl lоеш 1ыt1 по,( prp аlаqц,
ра)ýе |,a}|эsJач salnpld аsэчl ||е Paluled е|пеd seH, 9 -sёчочd
,эJочd а|lqош ]эч
рэ>lsр )эlN
,ёлf аltqош lпо,( эsо1 поlрtр uаtlлл 9
о|lqоц] еSп о} }ou Pa)se jэчэеаl ач1
рэ)sе )эlN ,aauotld ,sn
qdеlбоlпе ue
рэ>lsе s,{oq aq1 р|оl lэчэеаl эч} ,issе|э чl sочочd a|lqouJ lпо,{ аsп 1,uo6, 1,
ýодс
.ssаJ}эе ачl
л 5рм }ечм
palse sЛoq аqr,2qdеlбо}пе ue sп алtб поI ll|M,
,чtебе
, ч}lм bU]oP рё]sр
,,&ещ pe>ise е>lе1,,1sбл6,{ul qlrM бulор по,{ э,rе
u]lг Pa]se 1еLlд, g
uuV pa1sp шlг,4чlрбе m;rl srgl aas о} бutоб поl аlу, g s,}а|qе+ чо ч)llмs о+ рэ]sе
,эlr,Lоld >1ооqээвз - ,slчэрпls rач
Pa)se чl|шs ss!y\,| ,'s}a|qPl ]no,{ uo чэ}lмs, z
Pa]se чаг
,alu pa]se uo1
,1аlцоld
- ,LUIl}
е PopoJlP
)ооqаэеl slч а}ерdп ssoq lпо,{ saop ua}o мо|_,], z реч UlSпоэ Jоч}очм Pa]Se
,!е ,tцоl lпо,{ seg,
u! Pa]se Jачэеёl эч1 ро1sе ens,ao]o}oq ш|l} е popo]lp utsпоэ tr

)эег рэ]sе lачэеа} ачt,a]rе U! Pa}sa]a}ul по/{ aJV, l ,sunouoJd paJJo) ач1
ч}!м sa)ualuas ачl а}а|dtцоэ
,qэаэds palroda: as1 ,1s.lц aq1 se бuluear.u
Je|lmls е sеч l! lечl os э)цэlчэs рчо)эs atlt аlаldшоз
,;eq;o so+oqd,{ue a)rвt ol
lou
,аш о1
р|о} рер Лл rapoda; aq1 рlоз eu/Jec t /iаu./Jо solotld lue a4e1l,uoq,
ples ррр ,{ur ,',{1pno1 эrsпLu lno,{,{e|d 1,uoc, ol ,6uqle1 doзs og sn
ра)5е.]о]эе.ilр ач1 F,iбul)iеl do}s аsее/d,
р|о} aol :ал!t!чцч! + ot (lou.) Pue (unouo]d,]о чпоU)
,qo8 о1 ples аог е lо+lач )sv, 6
рэlqо ue 'lrэt ]о л5е sq]ел ечl osn ом'sэлl}е]оdLul lodol о1
"эl+|аS Plo+ ачS sэл!}рlаdц!|
,sn о} ples эчs,'аIлош эч1 чэ}вм |alrgMlalnbog, g
palse leq1olq lщ ,dп
rl/ds реч,&еиi pue uчог
,oL! ol
PlPS ]ач}о]q,{ш ,auotld lпоI aru епrб эsеа16, д Uачд sn Palse uJes .- ,Zdn шds hel/\! pue ччоr ?р чачм,
P|ol]els ш|ц эч1 ,5рм еq
,lslIeuJno[ ач1
Plot rets plo моч Коq аq palse чешаэ4оd aq1 * ,iпоft ale рlо моц,
шlц a91,'uteбe рuеqsпLl-хэ,{ш 1noqe аш )se }luocl 9 :(чачм 'а]ачм 'моч 'очм 1ечм ,6,е)
pa>lse &е9 рlом uotlsanb аq} daa) ам'sчоl}sёпЬ -чм lode.r ам uоqд .
,sn
рlоl &е9 ,д!
,'шtооl бutлt1 эt11 ut эш Jo+ lleм рче ul эцrоэ'о5ео|а, 9 рочэlем
рlо1Luпш,{щ
uоцо ач5 rачрчм/л 1эч Po4se ! 1- iд!
чэlем uацо поl oq,
,suolpanb aq111e paloиsue
,оLU
о} PleS реч еuчео Jочлочм/ц
ацr Pa)se Uег F_,lsuо]]sалЬ ачt //е paJэMsUP eulJec seHl
шпш,(ш ,11lомэшоq поl ор pue лlourLlэlем do15, у
:Jачlачrr lor! эsп эM'suotpanb ou7sa,{ Ioda] ам uачм .
Po]SP рес
,рес
рlеs,чэ|эн 'uteбe qэuп1 -ro; аlе1 aq
},uoc, € |э}э 'sаэр|d о} бчu]эlа,l sp..toM 'suotssaldxa
Plo} ачS aLul}'sUnoUo]d 'SaSUa}) 5}uаu]аlе}S рэроdа,t ul se sабuеLlэ
,ччог ашеs ачl а)еu] рuрr15е q]ал оч} аsп ам 'suotlsonb podal о1
р|оl эчs ,iаш 1dnllalut 1,uo6, 7
Pa]se Jачэеа} эч1 Suo!}sano
,e]es о}
Pleý lачэеаl эчl ,'морчlм ач+ а5о|э 'aseoLJ, L
,qэааds ,1srц aql se бuluearu
рароdэl аsл
Je|lmls в sеч l! lечl as эrчаlча5 рцо)аs ач} аlа|dtцоэ
 complete the Sentences With the correct form of the
words in the Ьох.
СоuпtаЫе почпs have а singular and а рlчrаlfоrm: ']
|'fi.h luggage information jewellery
h"nd
а review - rечiеws
{_person politics sheep shelf skin speciesJ
The plural of nouns:
о is formed Ьу adding the following endings: 1 А: How muсh _ аге you allowed оп а рlапе?
-ý В: Just опе piece, lthink.
а play - plays, а vocaiist - voca/ists
2 Тhеrе Were quite а few {amous _ at that glg,

-ie9 when the поuп епd5 With а consonant + -у:

3 We need а {ew more pieces of _ about the
venue before we book it.
а story - storЪs, а comedy - comedies
4 Apparently, mоrе than 5,000
-е9 when the поuп ends with -s, -ss, -& -сh, -sh:
епdапgеrеd woгldwide,
а watch - watches, а sketch - sketches
5 Тhеrе Wеге not mапу_ gгаziпg оп the
-yes, when the noun ends with -fe, -f
meadow JUst а few.
а she/f * sheiyes, life - lives
6 How mапу_ do we still need {or очr books?
. may Ье the same as the singular form:
Will three Ье enough?
а species - species, а series - serles, а fi'sh - fish
7 Тhе movie stаг wоrе ап expensive piece of
. may differ from the singular form: to the film premiere.
а mап - mеп. а tooth - teeth 8 That actor is interested in and social issues,
uпсочпtаы€ почпs 9 After spending the summer оп а tropical island, their
. опlу have а singular {оrm: was quite dark,
Kлowledge is the key to the door ofhappinesý. 'l0 You пееd three orfour_to make this Sочр.
Don'tyou think that your hair is а bit too shоrt?
З Complete the sentences With thе words in the Ьох.
. in sentences, уоч опlу use а siпgчlаг чегЬ {оrm:
['are 1х2) many much опеl
t)
Тhе /ead guitaristt luggage hasn't arrivedyet so We салt is
start the rehearsa/s.
1 А: Where сап we stay in this town?
о аrе used with such expressions of quantity as: ýome, muсh,
а piece of.
В: l'm a{raid thеrе aren't accommodation
options.
Last nigbt thеrе was mчф traffic iп the city сепtrе last
night because of а /ight 5hоw 2А:. Stranger Things _ the best series ечегl
. endwith -sand although they look likeplural nouns, they В: ltЪ ОК, but l рrеfег Dаrk. Тhе рlоtЪ mоге complex.

are uпсочпtаЬlе and singular; news, physics. politics, 3А: Do you rеаd in your fгее time?
statistics. В: Yes, ldo. l love reading good books,
YoU can't put а/ал or а пumЬеr in frопt of чпсочпtаЬlе 4А: What _ the police doing hе.е?
поUп5: В: l think thеrеъ Ьееп an accident.
Тоm gave mе two pieces ofcontradictory information 5А: Oh look, АmуЪ brought some cakes. Would you like
about thе сопсеrt (NOT frэfi-gЁче,iтеJwо-сопtЁdiсtоrу ?
iг,@ В: Yes, pleaseI
plural nouns 6 А: Tell me about your пеw job. lt must Ье exciting!
. only have а рlчгаl form and you canl put а/ал оr а пumЬеr В; Well, l like it, but politics _ mоге stгessful
in front of them: than l'd expected.
Whеrе exactly аrе thе police headquaЁers?
UNlT REV|EW Choose the correct option.
. some ofthem consist oftwo рагtS (е.9. clothes) and аrе
used with а pair of
] l need а пеw pair ofg/asses / пеw g/asses.
2 l\,4y {riend gave me sоmе / а few advice, which hеlреd
l Ьочght а pair of trочsегs апd ajacket yesterday.
me а lot,
3 They said./to/d чS not to go to that exhibition.
Сhооsе the correct option. 4 Тhеrе is а /ot of ,/ mапу геsеаrсh into different aspects
1 The police islаrе looklng forthe stolen painting. of рор culture,
2 Statistics is,/are quite а difficult subject. 5 The jочrпа list wanted to know when she was ,/ is going
З Тhе fish iп the Red Sea is / are absolutely amazing, to sign а recording contract.
4 lИу new furпitчге hasn't / havent been delivered yet. 6 After the show, Harry asked Аппа if she hаd епjоуеd,/
5 The latest пеws was,/were really shocking. enjoyed it.
6 l\4y пеw pair о{ jeans is /are really trendy. 7 l like your пеw shorts. Here did you get it / thеm?
8 she asked me whether l сап /cou/dvisit her
9 The iпfогmаtiоп l hаче for you is / аrе very impoгtant,
1 0 Не told ,/ sard to me that he was happy with mу wоrk,

152
Еst
,lеаЛ
цач
Uosud мэч ачl lеч1 Paslmord алрч sUеlэl}l|оа 6
z'чluош }seI
оэulS Л}l,jечэ Jo} ,{эчош tрпш моц
,чооs,{Jёл
бUllulеd ua|ols ачl )ulч} },uор |

.)аам lse| }l sем a|оочэS tlJo,]}

Jа}аd чачм ,lачэеа}
,o]o}oq S{eP ом} реач
lslбоlоqэ,{sd
ач}'ýU|)Uег ss!и! Jэqшашаl ||lM |оочэs Jno }е sluapnls 8
uosud е se qо[ е эч sп р|о} ш11 9
а|оочэS ]по{ }е ,Лер]эlsоЛ Лаuош
}а||ем е рuпо} ЛроqеLuоS Z
aIeS e}eq iql]ечэ эч1
,]аl|ачs
uацо мон t }о ||п}

|ешlче 1еэо1 aq+ 1о laбeueLu aqt se ,,{еро} sбutl .le,rlts чэ} p|os алеч эм 9
}sп [ ,{шV €
1обе s,{ep омl s,lаэtдо ээrlоd aql,{q ,sчоtрэпЬ е бutlse оlом slstleulno1 9
lo 1о1
||l}S аSеэ эч1 z
}Uаu]оu] ачl }9 1uaprseld Mou у 1. 'чlчош
( asre.r asrueбlo lацо ) 1se| ,&elqr1 l}rэ oL1l }e s1ooq ,{1чэм1 paДor}sap а|dоаd ?
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.stuJo+ aлIssed ачl а5п .хоq ач} ч! sqla^ о} ша}s,{s Jа}пdu]оэ Mau е бulsп aJe аэllоd оч1 е
ачl +о ц1,1оJ lэаJJо) ач} ч}|м ýэ)цэlчэý ачl аlа|dщоэ t
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ul ]оре эulчаээа ач} (aos) эuооN в8 ,rtеssаэач аJэчм,(q
,обе sч}uоLU
аsп ,srцJо} aлlssed о} ол!ре [цоJ, sa)ualuas ач1 alllмou
ма} е (ш|l} rou) saposrde oqlq
,обе ýч}чош
мэ} е saposlda оч1 (ш|ц lou) ,{эч1 е Z ,iJoýj]d
,е!lе]}sпV ч| ul s.r9a,{ uai }sea/]e ot рэ)Oаl{lg9 эg ,r!м ан
0э^оэs|р ll!M
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,etlellsny sаtээds
ut аш!э ач] ]е чоэ5 Uaag реч l аш plo+ auoau]os раяаd lýed
|ршluе мэU е (]элоэslр/}sп[) laq1 е 9 ,чмо1
,{eplalsaX шtq Mes
lэа#аd
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Uачм lxe} е ul )JoM о} (олUр) энq
,{eplalsol шtq Mes ,gooz ul "ПОПu't"О;
Бu!аq sear uo4qs оэlоd
анвý "ч_,
1

l14s
Uэчм ]рэ slч ul ]]ом о} (олuр) 'lпq
,э]пlп+ эчl ul ;ua1o;s rfauoru aq+ seM uэqд a;dru;5 ред
SlsllUаlэs (рUц) Uot}n|os е а]пý LU,| q
,аэllоd
*1"':'J"?
,o]nln} эч1 ul ar_7+ /g рачоllsалЬ бulaq s1 z{uo1
uоl}п|оS е {рUl}) s}sl}uоlэS aJns ш,| е'' э|dщ!5
a]eel l]алэ Лllrечэ LeaK Кlоле реlуtllulоэ aJe SачJIJэ {uеш oo_L luosaJd
s|чl оl (а}ечор) ,(оuош qэпш моц q
,ýuеqэ
?ч6]ч lsе/ PatsaJJe аJа,и sJэggoJ ачl
,PalýaJJe Uаэq алеч ,еqqq ачl
slч} о} lаuош (aleuop) ,{1lеlпбаl еg ,Uoos
1
Pa|saJJe ag l|M,oqqq ач!
,atu putqaq ,(мо||о'
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,шtq putqaq ,LU|ч
rqбu
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,шlч (шJо+Ul ,uаLu оэ]ч},{q
}ou) pagqoJ serlr )ueq eLi1
эм эsпрээq }эа[оld моU ач}
r(q рlом
}о sl|nsa] ач+ }поqр бurL1l,{ue Mou>1 1uprp ssoq lпо q
,}!
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tnoqe (Lu.]о}чl 1оч) ,saml] ааJч]
PaggoJ Ua9g 5еч )Ueq sJч1
ам оsпеээq pa[o]d Mau
:uolpe ач} }о (+uабе ач1) ,]эор, ач} чечl }|asl|
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-
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 Will апd Bill аrё пёighЬоurs. RёWritе the sentences for
Will With hаче ýomething done.
We use have + object + Past PaЁiciPle to talk about things 1 Bill cuts his grаss twice а week,
that we don't do ourselves but аrrапgе for sоmеопе else Will twice а wеёk.
(usually а professional)to do for us.
Аftеr the storm last week Bill repaired his roof,
Present l hаче mу house сlеапеd every Friday.
After the storm last week will
simple (Ьу а professional сlеапеr) З Bill is going to сhапgе his locks because of burg'aries
in the аrеа.
Present Are you havlng the locks changed? Will because of burglaries
сопtiпчочs (Ьу а locksmith)
iп the area.
Paýt ýimple We hаd tfie kitcheл painted 4 At']0 a.m. Bill was painting his gагdеп wall.
(Ьу а professional painter) At 10 a.m, Will_.
5 Bill has just planted some apple trees.
Past Last week Jack was hачiпg hЬ Ьаtfirооm
continuous remodelled
Will . .

(Ьу а specialist) 6 Bill is building а tree house {or his сhildгеп.

Will for his сhildrеп.
Present Тhеу have;ust lrad а pool installed iл the 7 Bill willwalk his dog iп the аftегпооп.
Perfect 9arden. Will iп the аftегпооп.
(Ьу а professional)
At 4 p.m. Bill was washing his windows.
will Whеп will Неlеп have the раiпtiлgý Ьuп9 iп her At 4 p,m, Will _
flat? 9 Bill cleans his carpets once а month.
(Ьу а sРecialist)
WiIl опсе а month.
Ье going to whёп are уоч going to hаче а garage built? complete the sentences with the correct form of the
(Ьу pro{essionals)
words iп brackets. Use hауе ýometbing dопе where
песеýsаry.
We will redecorate очr flat пехt уеаr (we will do it ourselves)
We will hаче оur flat redecorated nextyear: (Ьу specialists) 1 а Susan is а hairdгesser. She
(сuVреорlеЪ hаiф for mопеу,
We сап Use get instead of hаче:
Ь l'm afraid you can't see Jоап yet. ShеЪ in hеr rооm
l/y'e hаd пеw windows fitted. = we got пеw wiпdоws fitted.
with hеr hairdresser - she
(style/her hаiф.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of haye. с whеп lwas а little kid, I once
(cuVmy hair) mysel{-
1 Last weekend l _ my bike гераirеd, so
2 а Excuse me. could you
l couldn't go {or а bike ride. (take/a photo) о{ uS, please?
2 А: _уоu _ your wedding Ь l need to (take/a photo)
organised? for my new passport,
В; Yes, we аrе, Wе'ге too busy to do it оп очr оWп. с Yоч have to рау ten euros if уоч Want to
З Aunt Sophie is eighty years old апd she doesn't cook (take,/photos) inSide the
any more. She hеr meals delivered
ечеrу day. 3а l'm using public transport this wеёk because my саr
4 Тhе windows look rеаllу shiny! _ you is at the mесhапiсъ. l
them cIeaned recently? (itlrepair).
5 А: Where did you buy your new wooden furniture? ь Тоmъ а mесhапiс. Не
(re ра irlса rs).
B:l ir designed and made Ьу а carpenter,
Hi Sапdrа. Sorry, can l callyou back later?
с We сап (repair/your саr)
at оUr 9аrаgе. Неrе аrе очr prices.
| _ mу portrait painted at the mоmепt.
4 а Tom is а travel agent. Не
lthink itЗ best if we meet at your рlасе. We
(book/holidays) {оr other people.
the bathroom redecorated and thеrеъ
Ь LaSt year. We (book/our
dust ечеrywhеrе.
holiday) Ьу а travel agent.
8 Of course SаmапthаЪ dress was expensivel She с
l'm online right поw and l
it made specially for the раrtу. (book/my holiday).
5 а These wooden {loors look old. Mum
(аll of them/clean) Ьу а
professional at the moment.
ь l was exhausted because l

(сlеап/аll thе flооrs) оп my own,

с lf уоч USe this ргоdчсt, уоч
(clean/all your floors) rеаllу well.

154
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реч 1ечм lо}rач+о чэеа
padsns ач+,щ,е б }е Лер]аlsэл
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polold чеэ пол ,1uэ.lа;.ttр
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о} рэрlэеР -
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хе|эJ о1
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рпI 'еэl lо dпэ е орещ l 'Лер р]еч е ]ацV l
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{q uorlrsoda.td ачl PPv,(unouoJd ou) @ Jo unouoJd
- эчl чцм sa)ualuoý ачl эlа|dщоэ
алlхаlrэJ paJJo)
PREPoS|TloNS lN PHRASEs plenty of (2.5): No пееd to hurry - you've got
р]епtу о{ time-
prizб for (2.1): Тhе рrйе forbest офiпаlsсrеепрЬу has Ьеел Wол ЬуауоUл9
Ат
at а (hошё) party/wedding (З,7)i / met him at а Palty а couple ofmonths ago. British Write,:
at the beach/a ski resort (3,3): We stayed at а wеllkлоwп Swiss ski resori. programme about (1,З): ТhеrеЭ а programme about kil/er Whales in tеп miлUtеs,

at worly'home/school/university (1.1): DаdЪ at Work, relationghip With (1,З): i hаче а goodrelationshф Wй mу раrелts.
FoR sense of hчmочr (1,7)| ltЪ vita/io hаче а sense ofhumour iл this job,
for charity (] .1 ): The ch iid rеп collected oyel fi{q toys fal сhагЦ. slice of (7,4): Сал you pass me а slice оlЬгеаd?
for instance (4,4): Wе сал cut down on food Waste, for instaлce Ьу sfiаriпg food variety о{ К,З)| The gir/s соmе from а vаriеЦ ol diffеrелt backgrouлds.
йth otherPeople, Way of life (5,7): The Britbh wау of /rfe is поt much d ffегепt frаm оuв,
lN
in а boat (З,]): НеЗ crossing the river in а boat, PREPOS|T|ONS AFTER VERBS
in а criýis (].З): ltЗ imPortani to have employees you can rеlу on iп а crisis, Ье into sth (1.7): /'m realiy into fo]k musi.,
in а queue (],5): We stood iп а queue lor half ап hоuг Ье made oflfrom (],4): Рареr is made lrom wood This shiri i5 made ofsilk.
iп addition (5.7): The schoo]has h{е/че classrooms. lл additioл, there is а lаг9е Ье thеrе fоr sb (].З)i ТhаtЗ What l /oved aboui mу father- hе Wа5 always thеrе fоr mе,
ofice that coUH Ье Used for meetiлgs,
Ыаmе sb fоr (8.6): МаrЬ stiilЫames herse/flor Раtri.kЪ ассidелt,
in bagagge reclaim (З,2)| Тhе рlапе landed очег ап hочrа9о, B/l/mlststiiibe iп
сhаФе gb with sth €,1): GlЬЬолs has Ьеел сhагgеd wiй mчгdел
baggage rec]aim.
соmе firý/last in (2,])| The сhоlr саmе fiБt iл a/lsections ofthe competitioл,
in соmmоп (2,З)i lfound lhad а lot iп соmmоп With Jo.
in conclusion (5,7): lл солс/чsiоп, l wou/d /ike to say how muсh l have епiауеd compete in (2,1): He'd /ike to compete iп the 1,000 mеirеs,
myse]f today, cover gth in (4.1): l'm making а Pizza апd lwantta coyer it iп cheese.
in fad (1 .2): l kпоW the m ауоr really well. lп fact, l had dinner With hеr last Week. die from (5.4): Тhе drчg will лоi hеh patients whо а ге фiпg frаm сапсег,
in love with (2,7) l fеl/iл /ove Wiгh ЬUп9ее /UmPing, dопаtё money to (6.З); Lastyear he donated $1,000 to сапсеr resealch,
in other wordý (7,4); 5о hе is а Fraud, а соmmоп ih;ef in оthеr words, escape {rom (3,2)i Не escaped frоm prison iп october
in рrisоп (В,1): Не,чаý senlenced to years in prbon, {eel about К,7): HoW Would you fee/ about workln g with Nicole lor а while?
in shape (2.1): She3 bought ап exercise've ЬiЪ to keep in shape.
get rid о{ (2.1 ): Уоч should get rid of a/I these oid toys,
in spite of (З.4): Wе wелt ouт iп sp;te of the .аiл,
lеаrп {rоm (7,1): We iearn from our mistakes.
in the background/middle/foreground (1.8): lп the Ьасkgrочлd you сал see mу
co/lege friends, loýe touch With (1,З):
/ m m oving ab@ad, but ] don't want to lose touch Wth you-

in the centre (5,2): Тhе capita/ с,0/ is located iл the centre of the соuлtrу. make contad with (5.7): lЦe'd like to make contact W;ih otber schoob in the area.
iп the middle (о0 (],В): АЬп waý standing in the middle ofthe rооm, поmiпаtе ýЬ for sth (7,5): Ferraro Was nominated for theJob of Vice presideлi
iп the mind (2,5): Не3 опе of those dосtоБ who 5ау you're поt rcally sick апd it's рау for {З,З): MUm paid for my driviлg leýsons,
al] iп the miпd. play fоr (2,]): Мохол pbyed for Епglапd iл ten matches,
in the photo/Pidure/Poster (1.1): /n the photo you сал see а gгоUр of teenagers,
Ёiýе mопеу fоr (6,З): We're оr9апiЫп9 а солсеrt to raise mопеу lor сhаrЦ-
(just) iп time (6,5): They wегеп't laie, thеу arrivedjust in time {or dinnel,
rccover frоm (6,4): НеЭ iп hosp;ial rесочеriлg from а heart attack,
in your early/mid/late twепtiез (1,7):5hе was iл hеr еаф iwenties Whеп / mеthе].
release {rom Ф,З): M,ke Was released from hospiiai yesterday.
iп уочr teens (].7): Не was iп his tеелs whеп he sra fted playiпg the vialin,
report on (].2):Тhе Times sелthеriо Bang/adesh to repori ол the floods,
оF sentence to (8,]): Sanchez was sentenced го threeyea.s,4 prison,
of соurgе Р,5): of соUБе, ihеlэ are except;ons to еVеry ruie.
of all time (7,1); WhаtЗ уо ur fачоurЬ hit sing]e al alltime? shаrе with (6,З): lhave ап office that / share Wй some otber teachers,
Ъkе раЁ iп P,])|About4O0students took раd iп thе protesi
oN
train for (6.3): Вrелdа spends two hоUБ а day training fоr ihe mайthоп,
оп а рlапе (З,1); YоU can'i ta/k to him поW НеЗ on а p]ane over the АtЬлtiс
оп а camPýite (5,4): We'/lstay ол а camPsite outside the чiЪ9е, travel Ьу аirl.айrаiп {З,5): Еmmа апd Jo fu?velled Ьу trаiл across Еаstеrл Ечrоре.
on а night out (],1): lmet him оп а пЛ?ht out, vote for (7.5): l voted for the LаЬоUr сапdi,фtе in the /ast еlесtiол.
on average (8,2): Оп aveйge, mеп stil/еаrл more thал Wоmел. work for (1,2): Не works for а /aw firm.
оп land iЗ,1): Тhе crocodi/e /ays its eggs оп land, worry about (1,6): lwoflyabout mу brothe[
on stаgе (7,1): /fyou mess Up оп stage, dолt Wоriу about;t,
оп thе loose (З.2)| Thepo/ice hаче bsued а wаrлiпg about а dалgеrоus сrimiпа/ PREPo5lтloNs АFтЕR ADJEсT|VES
addided to (8,7): F,ftу million Americans аrе addrcted to nicotine.
оп фе опе hand (5,7): Оп йе опе hand, йеrе ale sevel"l agumenis for makiing contaci,
аllецiс to (4,8): lm a/lergic to олiопs.
оп the other hand (5.7)| Ол the оthеrhалd thеIe аrе also mалу агgumепts
аwаrе of (8.7): Most smokers are аwаrе of ihe dал9еБ of smoking.
agaiлst mаkiлq contact,
dePendent оп (8.8): you don\ еаrп mопеу, so уоч are siii/dependent ол your
on the road (=tгаче ling) (З,])] We Were on the roadjust опе hоUr alter iапdiлg,
оп the way (to) (8.4): She shou/d Ье ол the wау to В lightoп Ьу поw, раrепts for ечеиhiлg,
оп time (7,1): A/Ways turл up ол time. Веiп9 late doesnt make а good imрrеssiол. {аmочs fоr (5.2): /ta/y is famous for its o/ive oil.
оп top (4.1): Тhе cake Was а bit burnt оп toP, good/bad fог (2,4): Watйing so much ТV isn't good fоrуоч.
оп уоur оWп (8,6): l've Ьееп living оп mу оwп fоr tv,ю уеаБ, guilty of (В,1): rhеу Wеrе lound guilry о| muгdеr
importantfor (2,8): It Was iTlpodant for the pres;deлt fo cont;nue h,5 vislt,
PREPoSlT|oNs AFTER NoUNS iпdерепdепt{rоm (8.В): lthink We shouid/earn to Ье iлdерепdелt lrоm оUr
а .очрlе о{ (З,1)| Тhеrе are а couple ofgiris waitiлg foryou,
advantages/disadvantageý о{ (З,4): Опе ofthe mапу аdчалiа9е5 of liчiлg iп NeW раrелt5,
Yоrk is that you сал eat out at a]most апу time of day. interested in {],]): НеЗ interested in computergames.
amount of(4.4)i They spend equalamouлis of t'me in California andNew Yоrk, involved iп (8, ] ): How mапу politicianý are involved in the scandai?
combination of(4.7): Йе mелUуоlJ sljggested rcрrеsелts ал ideal соmЬiпаtiол of open to пеw ideas (].7): Неrе at РЦ, We lisreл to our emp/oyees, We're a/Ways
hеаlthу апd exciting Iood. ореп to пеW ideas,
contactwith (5.7):Дnimais Ьесоmе stressed because of contact with zoo visitoБ,
Pas.ionate about (4.4): lm Passionate aboutfootba/l.
flight from (З,1): There аrе two лол_stор fli)rlrts from Lопdоп to Теhrап daily. proud of (1 , ') Hel parents а.е уеry p.oud о{ her
break from Р,4): i wалtеd а breakfrom university lfe.
rеýропsiЫе for (5.8)| НеЗ the mал геsропsiЬlе fоr the Оk/аhоmа bombing,
leader о{ (5.5); Не is the /eaderolthe loca/community,
sure about (2.8):Агеуоч guite sure about this?
m€апý о{ trапýроЁ (З, ] ): For most peoPlg the саr Ь st/Jl their mал mеапs of
traлsPolt unusual{or (8,7} kЗ чпчsuаlfог Dave Io Ье late,
mеmЬеr of (],4): Не ;s а memberofthe loca]tennis c]ub.
пчmЬег о{ (2, 1): Ihe пчmЬеr of PeoРle Usiлg this iechnoJogy is ;ncreasing daily, oTHER
becauýe of ,4): Не lrad to retile because of l,]ealth
раiп in (6.8): lhada nasty раiп iп mу leg,
(1
рrоЬ/еms
раЁ5 of the body (6,]): Моrе heat is /ost through ihe head than апу otherpat of Ьу the end о{ (2,7): costs will dauble ф the епd of 2025,
the Ьоdу. thanks to (З,4): 5hе JеаrлtлеWthiпgs about the Wоrld thanks to hегsmаdрhопе,
Lsl
,l)s ol aLU qэеаl
оl бU,Д} dл Uал]6
au4lno )roм /lrд 60]чфала а]пs s,{ep ма; е lо1 dn аш 1пd рlпоэ ,luua;1 sеq ]lJPl1/ : (t,z) dn (цs) алlб
Lц,] fulам |,uoQ |LE) Z \аам е аэJдl u]{6 аql }е бurdoL/ sед / :- (9 t) dn qý rnd ,ааrоJ
lo dпэ е ,{еде ал16 о1 pal1 'dogs ааl;оэ
|:-_lnolJo,t
1
}по s]Yroм ёчs (| Z) бurlошs 1rлЬ aqs uaqM;qбlaM uo , (, /Ъме чls эл!6
рэаl lu1 ul |

|-
,]эеg а]о]м.]элаU в)
,{ач} ]лg 'аэOо р,]еэ р пd Леи - (9,1)0ч6!ам) uo lnd '6ulu:ouu aq;ul paq
1olno]аб ol uosea;
цrач} ]Uas I ]
- (l,r))peq ацш ,lqd е uo pd чаруlэ е s,araqj :-- (r,8)чrý rо rпо rаб
.уо lеам
1lM бullаа1 ач] ]au]u]лs at]o :-_ (|,0 !о lnd - ,do]s]xau
ач].{/lел]uала pup бt/Js4]е]d daa] ]эл]s are nol ,ар]s}ло
р]оэ Uo аq]
s/]r - #о ]аб s,}a,]
}е i--(9,€)яоrэб
]аа/ по,,l Uачд : - (| D яо Jealц РЧлоllпа:- (rz)uоч}ýrпd ,,Qls,lа,.l1чп
-
o]ul заб о1 ]ueM nal1l npleg1loM
iабеrrеш]lо
i--
sreal,( uaa++ L]rо1,(але 11ем +sлll,чеэ
i\оаq роаб l ea е s,ll адц at]] lq ro lпd о] аrlеч il,no/ |-- (l Z) чlý о}ч!rэб
по,( (9 t) чls moll rQMe ]|ем eq },Uoc :-- (Е,Z)чls #о qý rnd rаq]або}
,lеро|.ш
е ut pd wао.tцеg Mau е Jём l\ea bL,ale ,_о лач!:
l 1е dп арм l |- - (, ý) dn а]рм бuиеч ы,Кеч1 :L 19 6; ur qrs rnd - (t |)q5 чr!м (|aд)uo/6uolP rаб
- lрл5п sP а]е] .1эло
)еэ ]а]lа/эч] ]Uas очм ]по рчпоJ
dп рэt]Jп] luuPo :-- (9 t)dn ч]п1 ач] ра/iлd ан :- - (9 t)lало ||nd - (€,0lno чls Pu!,
,чо4аоdlоэ
1eqo16 е o1ul рачlщ ser1 -56ul]U]ed -
,sеlэ lш )ела бuце!
{UрdLtrоэ ачl :- (9 E)olul uJnl аsоч] аэпро]d]оU р/по]рiJчэ е ]ец ]по pа]urod sdaa] r]еч {r1 :-- (, Z)Jало ||р}
lallgJo]ourMэU rлоl sэ4rэ }]у:-- (Z Д lno lulod
rо I Uеэ i-- (Е Z)rno чrý r0r ,lеррlш
р dп еш qeu]N .
,]at/]o.]g Jач ч}lд ]по ual/e]
(Е l)(qý чr!м)rпо ||е}
'] jUo 50eaIaýat/] о] бU])эJd s,шлrli :-- (9,€)dп
ан:
qý l)Id lsl]M s]ч a]o]q PUe a)/g s,ч#о
аr!ц поl рlпам:- - (8,L) цо '}чls,{Jr ,Lu]Ms
рlпоэ аq5 se Uoos se/nspu]M о] моч е} _ (z,z)
чrý 9о ||е}
alеме dn ра]эld ачs : (E,Z) dn чls ])!d ,эlоl] а{/] oll]1
/la]
шаgl моlц uеэ lо 'яэdеdsдач а5ач] paau ,uо,i;еэlsлд
7 poqe,,fuoм i,l]op'aбP}s uo puPpaddlls l |-- (s S)чls oru! |le}
:--
1
по,{ оо (t,r)Iрме ц5 моJчl dп ssаш ло,,(]/ ]-- (| D dn sýацl --
]еа,{ ]s], 5Jч Ja]]e абаl]оэ 1о 1ло paddo.tp
,}по
ill-tea1 е бutulof uбrs aql /ll8 i - (t,z) (чrs lo) lno doJP
ro ]rods е dл бu]]р} o}Ul л аl рэ\ц )алё lpaqlue а)еu] l,U€э i :--(8,L)шо чls а{ец .эшо,.1
leM lш
9ен :-- (0,z) чls olul qý ]|er - ,u]па5пш
uo уо
е o]U] аррuJ Uaag поt 1,1|-
dор (9,t)r}o qs doJp
-aru4;o
1о1 е dn аlе1 чеэ уом sеч ]/ ]-- (Z в)чlý olu! ч}s а]еш ,dп
ssalp o1paau 1,uop по1 ,lped
У!quпрд|-
/lешs е /!uo s,1] :-_(L
- (в в) цS dn а]р} rаq]о]q ]aplo sJq о] |)dnýSэlp
,6UrUUлr
dп ale] о} бч]об sl рuэr] dп s]oo/aH :-- (Е Z)qý ol dn
]оо| - ]о Jaбuep uJ sr ýе/ео] lo Uol}elndod
']по бU],(р
;sаg,(д l-- Z)dn чls э]е}
(ý ,arц эчl
Jo аsл",э ач] o}u] бul]oo/ - (L s)rпо alp
р/lм at]J :
,sэбUа/lечJ да0
Uo бчqе] а,ем |- - (t,0 чrs oNlloo| ,чltм
рер аllрэlлlр
a]]l / :- - (| z) (абчэ ечэ е) uo э]е} 6!J)oo] ?эJr}еd рlеs,'об :
11ад ые sal} }о
чJ]",м srq }р spUJ) аsач_l - (9 q) чls чrar\ |еар
'sэочs sl{/ о] аш4 s,]], i - (L |) чls/qý }е 1оо| lчра uоц
#о ]ооl ан :-- (, Z)r}o ч15 ale} бuJuалё ач] 0] чаrрlJqэ srq Ja]]e go sп 1пэ s-lаlлdччоэ ]eq1 ч]"D/dr],]оэ о] Uоtt-ltl]оэ
'salpnls ]по,,( шо,]i ,{еме aur4 а]е]
рiлоJ уом ]оо/ад :-- (q,|) чN/qs Ja}e )too| - (,,) чls t!ol,
#о q5ln)
ie]Unloл i- (в в){емр чls э)jеl
11аэ aq] ul dn:эuosud aq] раlэо1
',rl
a]Pld,{LU]o apJs
,рео 1еч )еце
sрепб ачl |- (t,8) (dn) qs )jro| аq] uo алеа]рUе ]р] ач]J/о ]пJ i os ]еаш Uea/
sa]ei ans :-- (Е,Z)qý ra+e a)iP} -
,uwop шееl )паl pl паl 0а L/M ]iпэrл,р q]r a]r]{iuo
1r

] :-- (L })ло lп)

ч}S
'а/lчд P]oJ ]1а5л ],uop lJ]#o]las]J sачJ]rмs samrlaluos -эllчм
- (L чмор qs ra| )а})ааеэ |о а]р]}Uаэuоэ ol
|-
: е
Z)
еLlочd lr\ (9 в)яо ч}s чэrшs ,6u]pea)
]Ueд / :--
-- ^ш
(g,Z)qls чо оlеJlUаэчо,
,suодоша rпо dл
,]snp
раrцs sdllJ Ul ssei) ач]Jо ]sar ачt t]}JMdn бuldaal lusr j]ло ацоэ ]oog MaU
a5aq1 (е l) Z ра] /rэрмоd е dп ра,л4s peq алро - (9 t) qS чrш dn dаэл saop uачм : - (L'D шо alrro)
]-_
: sJt]
,|
рOJд ач_l (| 9) dn чls Jl15 ,5пg эq] ss,t]r
0J 5ёшоэ ар1] а{./1- (| 9)(арц}о)ч! ацоэ
}чбJчр]ш /цuп ]ло ,{e}s UаJр/]чэ
ll,эмidп /лпн:-
- _ (Z,)dn ]0]пч ,ээuоJ шац ашеэ
raq s}аiачs :-- (S Z)lno,(e$ fulnLl e utal,nolMou11- dп паl :-
plot1 ]ач]еJ 5]н - (L L)шоl} ашоэ
,sgлlэ
//ец5 ]р palPld lач] 1ло ра}]е]5 ]s]4 о] ]чед ],t]op ] :-* (9,E)dn qý р|оч ,s-]adPdsмaU
pueg ач} Ual]M :-- (L,d +по чр}ý - ]эddлs s,]ч6]u ]se/Jo su]ецrаr ач] рlо ашоs бчоше qde-rбoloqd slql ssо:эе ашеэ
'aalg1 sBM aqs uagM dn 14ds sluaed dn ра]еач / i-- (| s)dn чls rеач - (|,s) чý/qý ssоJ)е Ф.цо)
5,алJ :-- (s l) чr!м dn u|ds ,]oI
е spuaJr.} ]rёч.] ч]rм 1по бUеч ,t]]рл
ro мо]lеqs sP ssо,]эе аu.]оэ ],Uop по,,l
,//Jt]
at/l u,I,aop бulоб dп рарааds |- qs чl!м 1по бчеч(€ lлlа]е] аg _ (|,[) 5в ýsoJ]e ашо,
:-- L) :

]эп4 аq1 (Z Z)dn раэds ^ац ,]а]эеr auo

]по )оо}]пq 699 /ш Jало ,uo u]рэ]
Z ш]оýrарOп q] (r,Z) Jэло чlý рчеч r]ачi бUrэачэ /le 'шл]ре]s аq]
рёрчеч 1 i 0r sUeJ
lo sрUрsлоч]
]еч] чбпоrч} dааls о] абе uall поl рр мtlц 5,{а] ащrо] 60]]оо/5]а]эоd srq riбnolqltuaM - (i z) Uo qý ]ээч)
- (, s)чr5 чбпо]ч} dэа|s алес :-- (t в)ч}ý чбпоlчr об

|--
бUr]]рчэ '}lq е
(, ý)рчпо]е 5
ro.1 ,,{oq
eqi о1]ало ]uafi e11loб -
os бчц)ам чо fuеэ паl }l 11t
l1snouos 11oslnol
ач_i : (ý,9) чý/q5 о1 ,lэло об а]рш l],по1 ] (9 t) чо /(rlеэ
,ёgпоэ ебаl е )о!
dп бчшбls - lino sаоб pUP чl5ашоэ jбUJ]эа.I Еачs моч aas рUе fuеr\ ua lFэ
}о Бчl\чlчl 1.\),l I (|,0 Jo} dп чбБ
,,,{uеdшоэ
ар} ач] ual/M 5а4эш4Uаэ Ual lq абчецэ lpo qldap поl\чар lчм|- - (8 8)qý uo ||е)
uMo slq dn Jэ}ем ачt saoP аrачм (L,ф (aplro) Z jдоrоцоi ,sачорэ
уо \jпq поl'Lцlб ач!р ща
]as аq 000Z Ui : - (, ,) dn чrs rэs ло бчlоб ад ary (r,r),| :--mо об |ам поl }l|- (L,z) ч}s l+o uJnq
уер qаб ll аа}еq'мач ьо ]а5rалэq р/ад -6чшюlц ач| u
!!а бuоб - ,s-laleld
6116 pue
(9,€) (,(auJnol е чо) яо }as
,lло plos
L]rrele lцrJо ё]lds ur бUJdээis апUrlUоэ (, ý) Z ] sд lea]s о] ýаsпоq o]!l ]ра]g оl раsл s]el6,rnq
/]р are
qа)э4 но lUaM lэч} ajoJaq 0а]еа ag oj ррq pearq puP 1sed эq} U/ : (| 8) o}u| lеэlq
ач] ]пq ur,l : - (Z ,) rno ёsа9чэ ач1 (, ý) ,| : ,+о об ;uMop a1olg lеэ aq; uaqM pauaddeq
-
||as
'ros )1l!ш
,5Uо4Jiаdu]оэ
,"чд ,-- (9
}о t)чмор ]рэlq
(9,t)ч}s lo шо Uпr )о} ul оБ t:- _ (|,z)
чls lo} ul об
,sа)lе]s]ш,]ло
цо]] U]ea]
dlаq ol urlq Uo бur,!a] ,рOэ>lёём lewe
ачl lа} ам - dл ilаslло,{}eaq 1uop 'a]e}s,Ltr е э]еш по,{
а],эд :-- (9 ý) чls/qý чо,{|эl 60]об ar,aм ]- (t е),{Емр об Uачм : -
- (| l) dn }|aýJno,( leaq
-
,uapreб аql 0J dл ]ua] р бul]]пd ,'рееце -
а6'ау, ,2марuш erp uado 1
-5а]п64 pue s]эеJэ44UаJэs
Uo ,oоач} s]ч paseg
а]эм spl) ачl |-- (9 Е)dп чls rnd }!pulul nal аа,.- - (8l) реэчр об sрч ан :-- (z,0 чF Lro ч15 аsеq
,абепбче| ,lnor{ olul sqJал ot,teuolplP
|еsеJчd ачt a}e|suBJl е аsп
-
 SUBJECT, OBJECT AND POSSESS|VE PRONOUNS, POSSESS|VE ADJECT|VES
Possessive pronouns Possessive рrопочпs
Subject рrопочпs object рrопочпs
(+ поuп) (no почп)
|'m а Student. come with me- ltЪ mу house. ltЪ mine.
HaVe уоч got а cat? l like you. ltЪ your bike, ltъ
не works at hоmе. Сап you help him? ltъ his book. ltъ hiý.
shеъ been to Listen to hеr. ltъ her room. ltЪ hers.
ls it а famous lcan't find it- Oxford (= it) is famous for its university.
we live in Реrч. Wait fог us. ltъ our tаыеt. ltъ ours-
YoU can't sit Ьеrе. Сап ltalk to уоч? ltЪ уочr car ltЪ
Аrе 1 Do you know them? ltЪ their mопеу. ltЪ their5,

DEMoNSTRAT|VE, aUESTloN AND RELAT|VE PRoNoUNS

Demonstrative рrопочпs ouestion рrопочпS Relative pronouns
Singular
What?
Whо?
Whose? who
Which? which
Whеrе? that
When? whose
Why? when
How? where
(How often? How lопg? How fаr?
How mчсh? How mапу? )

NUMBERS
Numbers: 1 - 100
cardinal numbers ordinal пчmьеrs
1-опе twentieth
2-two
З - thrее
4 - four
5 - {ive
6-six
7 - seven

9 - nine
10 - ten
11 - eleven thirtieth
12 - twelve fortieth
1З - thirteen {iftieth
14 - {оurtееп Sixtieth
'i5 - fi{teen seventieth
] 6 - Sixteen
17 - sечепtёеп ninetieth
,l8 _
hundredth
] 9 - nineteen 101 - опе/а hundred and опе hчпdrеd and first
Examples of numbers очег 100
1,000 - опе/а thousand
З,555 - three thousand, five hчпdrеd апd fifty_five
56,223 - fifty-six thousand, two hundred and twenty-three
725,000 - seven hundred and twenty-five thousand
'1,000,000
- опе/а milliоп
1.000.000,000 _ опе/а billion

158
6ýL

llJэl] чэl [lJaI] чаl [лlrl] ал€э|

[чlш,] ча$|,lд [met] эlо]м пte]] Ф!лл Пч:6I] luJeal [lulЕJ] lulea|
Uод чом чlд [u!.I] чJЕэ|
Iuv^\] [чч^1] [чIл\] /[pu!el] речJе9| /[рш!q] рOч]еа|
[ч:сл{] чJолл I:сл] aroм Iеэr\] Jеэд [pal] рэl [ра Pol [рrП рва|
[челпел,] чэлом [1пе,ц] эIо..,l I]IЭД] alervr [чпеч] чдош| [|пtч] ,!лоФ| [аеч] лоФ|
пaý,dv] loýdn [tas,dv] roýdn Boý,dv] laýdn Ddq] rdФ| Dda1] rdal Idlц] dээл

[pals ерчч ]
[рчеN,ерчч'] Вrбч] рпч Dlбч] Uпч [l!.q] чпч
[рпlý,ерчч'] рооlýrэрчп рооlýэрчп
PuelýJopun
[рlач] рlэч [рIаq] рFч [рIаеq] р|оч
[чаеI0] чмоrчl [!пФ] мэ]чl [пеф] ,liоlчl
[ш{] r!ч |чч] l!ч Dtt{] l|ч
Dlc0] lчбпочr Illc0] lчбпоч} пПI0] лч!чr
[чрIчl] чарр|ч [рц] р!ч [рrcq] арlч
[plne' рр1 [рIпеl] пor П0l] ||9r
[рlЕq] реэч [рlOч] реэч [еIч] Jеач
[ulcl] uJol [lcl] фоl [еэl] leal
[реч] реч [реq] реч [л9ч] алрч
Dlcll 6npl [1lc1] lчбп€l [Jlц] t1эpar
[trи{] бчпч [Гlчч] бчпч [tФч] бчеч
[челlэ1,] uaIel [InI loor [Ilal] э]эr
[чпе]6] чл,lоrб [:пJ6] даrб [neJ6] моlб
Fцч,цs] шпд5 lшедs] чJвлý [шlдs] чll/ч\s
[ullq] чэоq/[чо6] очоб [tчам] 1ч9д [ое6] об
[ueloeмý,] Uэ||одý [рIэлlЕ рэ||эмg Пэл{s] |laдý
[челIБ,] чол!6 [лаб] ал96 [л16] ал!6
[1чцs] рпдý [{vlls] рплý [IIB]ls] Ф|!lls
по6] roб rоб
[106] [tаб] 196
[tчs] бчцs [tчs] бчпý [tlls] бчцs
[uezne{,] uazoJ} [znelJ] эzоl} [z:uJ] аzээJJ
[{vlý] )irnrs Iryý] рпlý [IIls]lr!ý
Iчел$,еJ] чэл6]о} [^Ia6,eJ] ал96rоl [л16,еJ] ол!&о}
[uelnels,]ua|ols паеls] э|оlý Пluq |еэ$
[ч}об eJ] чэDоfuо, Ilo6,eJ] рбlо, пa6,eJ] lэбJоl
[pnls] Poors [рпý] Poorý [puels] рчq5
[unelJ] члло|} [:пJJ] даЕ Fч]] Лu
[pflds] peaJds [paJds] peaJds [рэJds] peэJds
[IJ] rU [nJ] rU tlц] l!}
[цds] r!|dý [lцdý] цd. Dцds] r!|dý
[plKI?J] рчпо, [puo?J] рчпо} [puIBJ] рчu
ПJIdS] r|ldý/[пIds] Pq|ldý [lllds] ц!dý/[pllds] рэ|[d5 ПIdý] ||ds

Duads] luodg Dчэds] ш.ds lpuods] рчэd5 ПlcJ] rчбпо} DlcJ] rчбпо, ПIBJ] rч6!,

ua]ods [{oeds] alods [}IэJ] lla} [{эJ цэ} ПI$] lв9l

[ue)lneds,] [Ifis] лЕэdý
[{ашs] цэцl. [lршs] l|аtлs DaJ] рэ, [рэJ] рэl [р!н] раа}
Пэшs] пащý
/[рIэшs] р0||очlý лрIашý] ра||э[чý luellcJ,] чэ||в} паJ llэ, пrсJ] ||el
[рцs] Pllý [рцs] Pllý [PIEF] 0р!|ý [чlI,] чаl€а [la] alP [lll] lвэ
ldэF] rdqб DdэF] rdэls [d|цs] daaF [цлпр,] чэл!р [лпе]р] алоJр IлlвФ] эл|Jр
DФs] рý пes] les BIs] l!ý [щчJр] lunlp [{чеФ] ]чеlр [)uIJp] lupp
[tvs] бчпý [tФЕ бчеý [fuý] бч!ý ПшэФ] .lJеэJр [1шэФl luJeaJP
[ш,!р] шеаrр
lryЛ шчб [1чЛ шчý DчЛ rпчs /IрtцlI,Iр] р9цlеыр /[рtч!шр] рэшеэJр

iчпе.Л чмоч9 [роеЛ рэ/,лочý [пеЛ,\лочý [ч|сФ] uдerp [!пФ] лэlр [:сФ] Melp
[чоЛ ачочý [uOJ] эчочs [чtеЛ эч|ч9 llllp] эчор [рФ] р!р Iпр] ор
[чqIаЛ чэл9чý [цЛ роч5 нIаЛ ол9чý [6vp] бпр [6vp] бпр [6р] 6!р
Dэs] lэý [tэs] lэý [lэs] lэs DIФ] ll9эр [llФ] цеэр П!р] |еар
|lчэs] lчаý [luaý] lчэý рчOs] p|Jaý [lч] rn) [lv]] ш) [}ч] ч,
[иаеs] р|оý [plneý] р|о5 паý] ||0ý [lsol] lgoэ [lsol] 15о] [lso{] rgоэ
IlIcs] lчбпоý D:сs] щбпоs [llls] laaý Fцч{] ацо] [шIа{] 0uе) [шч{] 0ц]о,
[чпs] uaeý Ilcs] /.леs IlIs] аэs [uzne.[l,] ч9ýоч] [zoe.h] оýочэ [z!nll] эýооч,
[рэý] р!е9 [рэý] PlPi Паs] /Ьý I1:cl] }чбпе) цбпе,
[t!cl] [.[tФl] ч4е,
[uvl] чпl [uaj] ueJ [uvJ] чпl [el IqIa, ullq] olonB uaaq рпл ппо, [чФl] uB,
[чеzu] чэý!r [zneI] aýol [zI€J] aslr
Dlcq] rчбпоq [l:cq] rчбпоq FBq] Лпq
бчпl [tФ]] бче.l бull
[Пv.I] [nIJ] llslrq] lýJпq [lsl.q] llrпq Ilsl.q] $rnq
[!pll,] Uаррu [рпе]] oPol [pIBJ] 9P!l
IlElEq] Пчl.q]
peal [ч!сq] urnq
[paJ] [paj] р9эl [рlп] pear luJnq/[puleq] рочrпq }uJnq/[pul€q] рачrпq
Bnd] rnd [фd] }пd [Фd] rnd [}ttч] 1;пq [п,Ф ц;пq tрFФ п!пq
[рIэd] p|ed lplad] PlEd Fэd] Леd IlslDlpIcJq,]
[tslD]pIcJq,] lýe)PPoJq IlsIDlpIcJq,] lýBrpeoJq
[т0l,елпе'] lsеэреоrq
[0етаl,елое'] uалрUоло [Iпl,елпе'] Iоочоло qе]uэло ItIcJФ цбпоlq [}cJq] щ5по]q [tшq] бu|lq
Dэш] lэчJ Dаш] lot! [lцш] rээцl [uelnerq,] uqorq [lneJq] элоJq [TaJq]le q

[lЕош] ш9аlл [lчаш] шеэцl Iчпш] чеэц [чпеIq] члон [nlq] даF [oelq] лro|q
[рIаш] oPeL! [рIэш] арецl [Ilаш] a]PuJ [рэIq] рап [palq] рэlq [р:Iq] paqq
{}so lýo| [}sol] lso| [z:пI] аýо| [чпq|] чашq Iuq] uq IцBq] эrlq
Dt[ lll Пц] lll Пч] rч6!l [uv6,Iq] чпбаq [чФ6,1q] чебоq [uI6,Iq] ч!6аq
[ulal] ulg| IIэI] ,(е| [,Е] a|l [шqllq] эшоэаq [шIал,Iq] эшеэвq [шч,Iq] эщоrаq
Dэ ra| [1эI] rэl DЕ] rэl [ullq ] чэраq rФq
DIIq] [шq] lрэq
[lшэI] lua| [}чэJ] lча| [pual] рча| [чпq] чаэq [:е,'l{рOд] эrадд?м lllq] 0q
э|dl)!Uеd }ýеd aldur151seз ол!}!u!}ч| а|d|э!чеd lsed э|drл!s lsed элl}!u!+ч|
 difference, арреаrапсе

over- (:too much)

rе, sculpture
sчь sаhагап neighbourhood, childhood
super- {:above, more than)

Prefixes that give an opposite meaning

Adjective 5uffixes

careful, success{ul

Adverb suffixes
_ SЦg_, ,i ,,,_ Examples _
-ly j gently, ur9епtlу
 рооб | Sпэоl N| с8ом
sr.rr,(Uou,4S
Uosud
uroFIs аэl$п[ эчl
ёsеэ аUrUэ е u{ ралlолUl a]doaJ
s|еU u]l]э pue ёш]lэ
LL,d 9t,d

u] l Sпэоl Nl с8ом
бuIpLlnq ProM
Sчоl}еэо||оэ
sqrал |еsе]чJ
luэtl]Ulечаluэ ul э|dоаJ
luёLuuleuэluf
ýt ,d ,t,d

]эб l Sпэо] Nl с8ом

sanssl ч]|еан
бч]slе] рчп},quечэ
Sшоlрl,{ро8
sаl]пruI
Лроq оч}}о sUеd
,d
Et zL,d

auo I SпэоJ N| с8ом

sэýе]чd qJад
sunou рчпоdшоэ
ýаlIlше} ProM
Suоl}еэо||оэ
sqlал |еsеJчd
,d
lt,d ot

dn l Sпэо] Nl с8ом
(€ х)sUоllеэо|lоэ
роо} бUlqlJэýэс
sа|qе}абал pue }]nrl
6,d

об l SпэоJ NI с8ом
sалllэа[ре алqебаN
sunou рuпоdulоэ
dJr} roj sur,{UoU,(S
sUоl}еэо||оэ
sаsеrчd unoN
2,d

]snl l sпэоJ Nl с8ом

sаlllше} pJoM
uods ulэ]dоаd
suоl}еэо|]оэ
(z х) ýqrэл lеsеrчd
q,d

)оо/ l Sпэо] Nl с8ом

sалl}эа[ре рUпоdшоэ
sэSрJчd dlчsчоl}е|а8
,{}!|еUоsJэа
рче UоlчsеJ
э|Л}s
sаuоssэээе pue sачlо|э
ý,d
Multiple-choice cloze
1 Read the text and and choose the correct answer А, в, с or D.

Exchange programmeý
When did you start to 0 interested iп clothes? When you Were at school, 1_ your teens or
much younger? ltЪ not unusual for сhildrеп to become fashion-conscious at a(n) 2_ age. Most
under-fives have а fairly сlеаr idea of what thеу like to З апd what colours they want. l\zlost
often this is because of what thеir friends have or what they see in films оr оп TV However, it looks
a_though one little girl iп thе USA has gопе а step {urther. Four-year-old Mayhem has started to
design her оwп clothes.
According to hеr mother, Angie, Mayhem decided that she didnt like the princess dresses in the
stores and started to make hеr own {rom cotton 5 and sheets of paper. Angie gave hеr pictures
of celebrities wearing 6_ dresses at award shows and l\,4ауhеm copied them. Now she has hеr
own ideas and ап imроrtапt fashion chain likes them а lot.
ls Мауhеm 7_
all thanks to her lИum? Not at аllI Angie says that shе hersel{ is completely
чпfаshiопаые and поwhеrе пеаr as в as hеr daughter. Watch out for l\чlауhеmЪ пеw fashion liпе
next spring!

0 Ago
1 Аоп
@.'
Bat
С find
Cin
D take
Dby
2 А young В еаrIу с mаtчrе D childish
3 А wear В carry С dress D resemble
4 А like Bas С fоr Dso
5 А scarves в trainers С bangles D beanies
6 А fashion В goodJooking С trendy D well-dressed
7 А success в successful С succeed D successfully
8 А disobedient В caring с creative D shallow

sentence transformation
2 comPlete the second sепtепсе using the word in caPitals so that it has а similar meaning to the
first. Do not сhапgе the word in capitals.
0 Аппа the most sепsiЫе and practical реrsоп l've ечеr known. EARTH
is
Anna is the most down-to-eadh реrsол l've ечеr known.
1 This is my big ЬrоthеrЪ suitcase - hе bought it |ast summer. BELONGS
This suitcase - he bought it last summer.
2 SчsiеЪ new top has got short sleeves and itЪ Ыасk. SHoRT-SLEEVED
SчSiеЪ got а toP.
3 Simon joined the company in 2010. WORKING
Simon hеrе since 20]0.
4 You should make it сlеаr what уоч Want. сLAR|FY
You shou]d
5 Yumi is twenty-two years old, but she looks younger. EARLY
Yumi is , but she looks уочпgеr,
6 This is а great film. ENJOYING
l'm
 . sI 8
,мош ач} об o1sa>lt1 д
чмо Jач/slч чl а|qрIо}шоэ s|aa} 9
,оэUеJеаddе Jdч/Slч
}о| е SэJеэ 9

чlslgs Jo оJеэ а)е]: ч$/qs !оце >loo|

,tlpuatl1 pue se
put>1 sошоэ ,
|епsеэ р
,]оо| Sеоб €
ýqJал |еsеJчd ut )iоо,
,uol}uaцe ач} aq ol Sa)l|
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}о 1по Jo чоlчSе+ Ul s,lечм SMou] l,
s)ool ачs ,]еа]6 s]oo/ ,рооб
li >/ooi ", ачý/эн
",,r":i::|l
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,uo
у бutiд.7поqе бUr)Ulч] 9очJi se чоо/ ан
,sшool бutбчецэ эtр пач аL,lаql
цбпоцl sе s]ool +/
9l ýt
чls }о аsпе)аq s! uollenlls Jo ээUрJеэddе чв
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,ебепбче1 luL е а)4 s)ooi ]/

u] р]од
чls/qs ol
аэче.lеэddв .lB;ltuls в алвч = чпоч + а)r!, + )оо,

чl Е

,ёiL
/елitsо, ачl = ,)ооl /ел4sаJ. ач]
чпоч в Se Tool

,ошшеlболd
рлрsq е ю1 бut1oo1 tu,1
\ц
,6utluted аrд le 1оо1

1r
zL tt 0L
Jo ээs ol чо!lчац" ,поЛ ,nro1 = rо1л"ЧffоТ|

),ool IsпэоJ Nl GUОМ

-|1|пш

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9
9
t
U
U
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--6чluпэ -!очs z
---'--TTfip-}Se} I

f
sал|ра[ре рчпоdшоэ |зL ]UоJ_s оUом
= 91tM бuоlе 1аб 9
: ч}!м lno ||е, s

l
= -to1olэtll sIeMle aq 7

= Mou1 оl lаб g

l
= чllм чэпо1 oso| z
Ч]/Д€-ЕЕРб5 = tlltM 1no бuеL1 tr
rеоэýlем е
sэsе.lчd dlqsчоllе;эц |oL зuоý GUом

]оо| пол лрм оч] }о pno]o ool -- 9

ралочче ]о }аsоп лllsео lоU = s
'
sбutrq1 snotlas чl palsaJalul +ou = t
+uolPoqoslP ]о }|пэ|J]|р - Е
|еэl}эе]о PUe э|qlsuаs -- z
sol]Joм }ПОЧ}lМ pue ЛООеЧ = ООJ}ёJеЭ L sа!.!оssаээе
,{1l1ечоs.rэб |э} ]Uоý оUом рче Sач}о|э vt эuоJ.s оuом
Open cloze
'l Complete the text with опе word in oach gap.

А Ьохiпg ýчссеýý
Women have always had а mоrе difficult time in sроrt 0_____1фgц mеп. However, female boxers
found following their sроrt particularly hard. Тhе 2012 Olympics in London were the
.t

first games that allowed women boxars 2_ compete and that was when Nicola Adams
became the {irst female gold medal winner.
Nicola started з
when she was just thiгtееп. She went to classes at а gym 4_
hеr mother was doing aerobics classes and discovered that she loved the sроrt. Success, however,
wasn't easy for Nicola as 5 were very {ew competitions for women. ln fact. wоmепЪ Ьох-
ing was Ьаппеd Ьу the Amateur Boxing Association 6 199ь.

Тhеп, 7_ lots of discussions, wоmепЪ Ьохiпg became an Olympic sport. Nicola qualified
{оr the British team although she wasnt оп top form. She 8 {аllеп down the stairs а уеаr
before and hеr back was still giving hеr а lot of pain. But Nicola is а real fighter and the rest is histo-
ry!

sentence transformation
2 Complete the sесопd sentence using the word iп caPitals so that it has а similar mеапiпg to the
first. Do not сhапgе the word iп capitals.

0 l started рlауiпg tennis when l was five. BEEN

l've Ьееп playinq tеппЬ since l was five.
1 Sophie doesn't like swimming. Mark doesn't like it either. NEiTHER
like swimming.
2 l'm hарру to help you practise for thе game. M|ND
practiSe for the game.
3 Don't wоrry about the competition. 5ТОР
You about the gаmё.
4 Mike broke his ankle during the football match. WH|LE
Mike Ьrоkе his ankle football in the match.
5 l {orgot my racket and l couldn't play tennis. BECAUSE
lcouldn't рlау tennis mу racket.
Peter said, 'Tim, you пееd to spend mоrе time at the gym.'ADV|SED
Peter mоrе time at the gym.

4
9

|''lФМ

,slарош
,,{ем аlд ul s]aб ]sn |
реаq лоtr
Bw; jdTdddd.Fq
a1o.t рооб ае /aq+ 1ulgl 1uop lsл|1
slsвqdшэ ррв о1 pnf

э,}sеlчеJ е раJоэs ]sп/ glssaиv

Л;lчэээl Л.tал = lsпf

lsnl l sпэоз Nl сuом (- .1"turuеа1 rolepads аэ.rэlэrl

[truauoaao .tэ+roddn+lrre, .,"ul"rr7,1r"orJ
snot}t}slэdns yods u1 эldоаб |эz зuоls сuом
luolllsol s
алl}tlаdэ-t uot}tlэdal v 1urod e7oLueб е/ /ёzud е ulM g
1ц.lамоd -'-"--l|еоб р aJo)s /
uоlslэор z sslru 9
1еоб е
Uollэe I 1ulod е7ошеб е/чэlеш е аýо| 9

]дlIэ]гсч 7l} daa] ,

}sеl/рчоээs/ а[чо) Е
sэ!|!ше} PJoM l зz ]UoJs GUом рJоэоJ P|JoM е лвэJq z
uоldшечэ ачi/ }ГЭТоddо Ue lеэrэр ]о lеэq l
qs абеlпоэsrр L
=
Sчоl}еэо||оэ - зuоJ-s GЕОМ
8z
qs эбеlпоэчэ _ 9 |

qs podsa pue аJlшре = 9

ор
(абuа||ечэ е) qls 1dаээе - L
ошl+ }Sll} оч} Jo} ч}S = v paluroddeslp qs аlеш = 9
ч+s U]ea| = t tlls ut led э>lе1 = ý
qs a]l| аq z
qls
=
dn алjь
(шро1 е) lo} чеsочэ аq = t
бur,{.rl do+s = l
ч}s }о ].Led бuraq 1tnb = Е
1по qls,t} olu! qs l|el ,"ц" (Sаlrо|еэ ro 1е+)}о Pu 1аб = z
"1"r'l
;4о qs щd dn qls 1э;d о1 dn >1оо1 ф' абеlпоэчо о} t{lрпо1 }noqs = uo gsJоэчэ L

sqJэл |е9еlчd I oz зuоls cUoM sqJэл |еsрlчd Ivz зUоý GUом

Wоrd building
1 comPlete the text With the correct form ofthe words iп brackets.

lthink that traveiling to oqдЬд]Цqд (FAMlLlARlSE) places and staying in completely different
surroundings can Ье very l_ (REWARD). When we do things we еаrliеr saw as
'_
З_
ГГНlNý, this сап hеlр us deal with our fears and worries. Fоr ехаmрlе, when l was on а
ГГRЕý trip in Vietnam last уеаr, my friends and l stayed in а small guesthouse far away
{rоm any town or village. То get there, you had to walk down а lопg а_ (WlND)
path to а river Тhеп, you hаd to go across to the other side оп an old suspension Ыidgе.
The "_ (CROSS) was а big рrоЫеm fоr me. l was sure the bridge would collapse, but it
was easier every day.l was also surprised l didn't hаче а рrоЫеm with being
6_ (CONNECT) from all mу friends and family (there was no Wi-Fi) and in faсt it was а very
'_ (PLEASE) Ыеаk. This winter wе'rе going оп а 8_ (SKl) holiday and staying in
а hut high up in the mountains. l can't wait!

sentence transformation
2 Complete the second sentence using the word in capitals so that it has а similar meaning to the
first. Do поt change the word in capitals.

0 This is our fourth day hеrе. FОR

We 'че Ьееп here for four days.
1 When l was younger, l didn't like long саr jочrпеуs. USE
When l was younge1 l long carjourneys.
2 The pilot arrived late, so the flight was delayed! TURNED
The pilot late. so the flight was delayed!
3 DаdЪ Ьееп driving for three hоurs and hеЪ hungry! STAKTED
Dad and hеЪ hчпgry!
4 l'm sUrе that Micky WaS very tired because hе went stгaight to bed. BEEN
Micky Ьесачsе he Went straight to bed,
5 l reminded mу sister to collect me at the airPort. PlcK
l reminded mу sister to at the airPort.
6 Whеп we went somewhere Ьу са1 my mum always took far too mапу sandwiches. WOULD
Whеп we went somewhere Ьу саr, my mum far too mапу sandwiches.

6
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(,моU эrа$ gaH =) lsa]a}ul
,6utr.ututMs ечоб seg чод ,о sбurql эr4rэоds eas ol dul е = L
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(аэеоs Ul ,]о.} eas лq ol]} DUo| е = s
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1ооtlэs о1 об оl роsп lllец ,эlо 'оSJоч е 'а]lqJоlош е
,эшоq auoб э,rеq
}snru at15
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аэеld е + об
rач}оuе ol PUe|
,Бч|>|эеd>!эеq
об оl бUпо^ ool ы,под 1о аээld auo шоll1еоq lq du1 е :
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рuерало du1 бuо1 е = /ЪuпоГЕ |
об l sпэоз Nl оuом
['
эбе,tол е ]no} е apu е аэчяеЬl
раш]о+чl n [_rq6lц
е алuр е эs!пlэ е бu;ssolэ eJ
а|qе)Ulч}- / ]еl|lше}- Е dr;; lо; sш{чочЛS l эt зuо15 сuом
- 9
бurpleMal ра}эаt]uо) z
1ueseald s е|qерlолеuп L
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)-
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е8 Ц uэlse1 |9
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l-
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Multiple-choice cloze
1 Read the text and choose the correct answer А, В, С or D.

Food diary - Friday

Today has been а hаrd day! l started well and just had а 0 meal {оr breakfast. l didn't spend
а lot of time preparing it. l just squeezed а couple of fresh oranges and then toasted а 1
of
Ыоwп Ыеаd - very healthy. Last week l tried to 2 breaНast completely, but it didnt work. l was
so hungry Ьу luпсh that l ate loads of fattening things!
lt all went wrong this afternoon. Sophie phoned to say that she'd booked а tаЫе at МаriоЪ
restaurant {оr this evening. ltЪ а pizzeria, and thаtЪ basically З_ foodI ShеЪ naughty, rеаllу.
She knows l'm trying to lose weight. l've been on а diet for two months поw! I've а chocolate,
biscuits, potatoes and ечеЦhiпg else thаtЪ 5 . l rеаllу need to get back iп 6 for mу
summer holiday. So, а 7 meal at МаriоЪ and NOTHlNG healthy оп the mепu? Sophie and l get
оп really well and l wanted to сеlеЫаtе her Ьirthdау - but she could have сhоsеп а restaurant with
some healthy options, 8_ she?

.@\ В slim с Ьаlапсеd D Short

1А loa{ в Stагtеr с Slice D side
2 А .jump В leave С throw D skip
3 А fast в balanced С hot D healthy
4 А cut off в cut down оп С put off D turned down
5 А fresh в delicious С disgusting D сrчпсhу
6 А form В figure С shape D outline
7 А three-Part в three-section С three-plate D three-course
8 А could В couldnt С can't D can

sentence transformation
2 Complete the second sепtёпсе using the word in caPitals sо that it has а similar mеапiпg to thё
first. Do поt change the word in capitals.

0 l'm sure Nina didnt see Tom yesterday, he was at work all mоrпiпg. CAN'T
Nina can't hауе seen Tom yesterday, he was at work all morning.
'l Yоч should eat this yoghurt Ьу 10 Мау. EXP|RY
The is 10 Мау.
2 The coach told Маrсо itWaS а good idёа to get some rest. ENCOURAGED
Тhе coach get some rest.
3 Have some soup! We made it ourselves апd itЪ delicious. HOME-MADE
Have some soup!
4 How mчсh meat do уоч eat? CONSUMPT|ON
How big is your
5 The final test starts at 'l p.m. and lаsЪ ап hочr. TAK|NG
At 'l:15 p.m., they the {inal test.
Sally takes the 8 a.m. bus and shеЪ at work at 8:30. ARR|VED
Sal|y takes the 8 a.m. bus, so Ьу 9 a.m. _ at work.
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zpaloJd ач+ dп }as о] eaPl ач} +аб еч pip мон

(slолеэ ащ dn раddоgэ lо) ,{пе} * 9
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рэddоqэ ед + aduun 9
pa[qo uB alBl leq1 sqlал ;BsBrrld u; dn Jo plrr-u * lэrds lо +oq g
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ра[qо чв э]еl l,uoP tечl sqJал |BsB.lqd u1 dn

=
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sчоltеэо||оэ |эt зuОrs GuОМ

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sчоllеэо||оэ-/раэ!|S/|еёшаloчм
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Open cloze
1 Complete the text with опе word in each gap.

Time to make сhапgеs

We all know that environmental problems аrе getting Worse and we need to solve them or
О_____ф. planet will Ье in big trоuЫе in the future. But what сап we do? Сап individual people
really make а difference? Оr 1_ we leave it to governments and politicians?
Тhеrе аrе 2_ lot of ways we can hеlр. ._ instance, we сап rеryсlе things and
save water and electricity. НоWечеr, one of а_ most important things to do is to find differ-
ent WayS of getting power. Scientists have developed clever ways to do this. We сап get power
the sun апd the sea as well as the wind. Тhе trоuЫе is that local реорlе, u_
dont want to look at ugly wind farms оr solar panels, often ob,jeсt to the plans. Because о{ this, we
dont hаче enough aIternative sources of power.
Perhaps soon реорlе 7_ lеаrп that our way of life needs to сhапgе. After all,
8 we do something now, we won't have any lights оr power in а few decades'time,
will we?

sentence transformation
2 Complete the second ýentence using the word in capitals ýо that it hаs а similar meaning to the
first. Do not change the word in capitals.

0 ln the past реорlе had соаl fires in their homes. USED

lп the past реор/е used to hаче coal fires in their homes.
1 l have few mоrе pages to read, 5о l think l will finish the book next week. F|N|SHED
а
Ву the епd о{ next week reading the book.
2 Тhе mапЪ lапd was near the wind farm and he comp|ained about it. WHoSE
The man, the wind {аrm, complained about it.
3 Jack wants to teach science опе day. ВЕСОМЕ
Jack wants one day.
4l'msurepollutionlevelshaven'tdroppedrecentlybecausescientistsstilltalkaboutthemallthetimё.HдvE
pollution levels because scientists still taIk about them all the time.
5 WildIife Protection iS Something imрогtапt to her. ABOUT
Wildlife рrоtесtiоп is Something
6 Oslo is in NoМay and thаtЪ where politicians had ап international meeting about climate change. WH|CH
-''.-.
Oslo, , is where politicians had an internatjonal meeting about climate change.

10
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чэlчм Mou>l
l,Uар ыаlчбцоJц ачl рч] 5 ц Кчеш os ар эFч!
,ёчо олеч )олоu
абпq е
о+ 5j Jо+uлоэчэ ]Paq е ал/лJп5 о+ ,{ем ]saq ач1
PauolluauJ чааq ЛреэJ|в sрч lечl чпоч

---J
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0аqLцпч в) аUо qбпо-r е ш|еJ е

auo ISnэol Nl GUом

dn аlем lou = чбпоJч} L
бurqlou ор pue хе|эJ - ounoJe
- 9
lol1oo1qбпоlL1+
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бutputM е
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dn 1эrd о+ ful : lо1- - n бчtлош-моls е
uацоJ эшоээq = яо Е

ч}s }о аsпеэаq аlrllпоI eso, = ulol1 z аб е,l

]оаul = чllм а)е} О1 аЭе1 gruоэ l
u

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ом1 чэамlэq ээеds ач} аJпsеош о} роsп sl eplд

slHI Uf slдзlдf U sчо!}еэоllоэ l ss эноrs оном

Uарlм чlр|м 9
uацlбча}s tllбuals g = dп qш llls l,
чаq+6чэ1 qrбua1 tr = dn gls leat1 9

uolqбtot1
: 1по об 9
rqбtaL_1 6
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= }по olP t
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= 1о 1

sэ!|!ше} PJoM l э9 зUоIS Guом SqJал |рsеJчd l vs зuоrs GUом

Word building
] comPlete the text With the correct form of the words in brackets.

Help for the youngest

Staying in hospital is hаrd for апуопе, but itЪ 0 pa,ticularly (PARTICU LAR ) hard {or сhildrеп. Тhеу аrе
рlасе and surrounded Ьу strange 1_
jn а strange (FRIGHTEN) equipment. Some children
need togotohospital foran '_ (OPERATE) оr fоr а Ыооd test. Others may have а long-
term З_ (DISABLED) and need to stay in hospital quitё 4_ (REGULAR). Now,
in our hospital, groups of 5_ (VOLUNTARY) are helping to make those hospital stays less
scary. These реорlе spend time entertaining and helping уочп9 patients, 6_ (НОРЕ)
letting them forget about their health рrоЬlеms for а while. Whеп сhildrеп feel they are in а sa{e and
friendly place, their condition becomes mоrе stable and they often 7_ (RECOVERY) mоrе
quickly. То sum up, they аrе happier patients and 8_ (NATURE) this is something we all
sчрроrt.

sentence transformation
2 Complete the second sепtепсе using the word in capitals so that it has а similar meaning to the
first. Do not change the word in capitals.

0 You should go to the doctor about уочr headaches. WERE

lf l wеrе чоч, l'd go to the dоСоr about уочг headaches.
1 l didnt take the docto/s advice and l was ill last weekend. HAVE
lf l'd taken the dосоrъ advice, l Iast weekend.
2 Did you eat healthy food when you wеrе а child? USE
healthy food whеп you wеrе а child?
ltЪ роssiЫе that Мах hasnt left the hospital yet. M|GHT
Мах the hospital yet.
ltЪ а Shame that l'm not with mу friend right now. WISH
my friend right now.
5 l'm certain he'll rесочеr completely between поw and his birthday! BY
|'m certain hе his birthday!
6 l never look at my phone in the ечепiпg because l want to sleep better. ORDER
l печеr look at my рhопе in the eveninq sleep better.

12
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| = 9
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,/Йou
}l

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,I;рпо1
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lэs зuоrs Guом

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sэлl| ý
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р|е }sJ|}
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Multiple-choice cloze
] Read the text and choose the correct answer д, В, С or D.

lwas оп holiday with mу parents iп the west о{ England and we саmе О_

а wопdегful little
theatre, ltъ ап outdoor theatre оп the coast and the r-
has а Ыilliапt view of the sea behind the
actors. Тhе local people'_thatitb опе of the most beautiful theatres in the world! And l сап
see why!
А lady at оur hotel З_ us about the theatre and how fantastic it was. We decided to go to see
а(п) а_ there last night. Тhе weather was good and we wеrе looking forward to it. Ouite а lot of
people turned 5_ , The show was сеrtаiпlу deeply 6_. l сочldп't believe mу eyes whеп
l saw the sun setting across the water during the реrfоrmапсе. I саll that ап 7_ of surprise!
lt seems that there аrе some 8_
9ardens пеаr the theatre, so we're going back to explore the
аrеа tomorrow. l rеаlIу recommend this рlасе!

0 А over
'l А vocalist
ВЬу
в audience
Сrр
С реrfоmеr
@
D cast
2 А rероrt В exPect С claim D explain
З А said В asked С to|d D replied
4 А entertainment В programme С TV sеriеs D рlау
5Аiп Воп Cup Dat
6 А distracting В improving С епhапсiпg D engaging
7 А element в emotion С ехреriепсе D attention
8 А encouraging в ecstatic с hilarious D amazing

Open cloze
2 Соmрlёtе the text With one word in each gap.

Are you missing The Missing?

The popular thriller series Тhе Missing finished last night О ____9]Ъr eight weeks. Тhе story is
about а young Ьоу who disappears 1- hеЪ iп а park with his dad in Frапсе. Тhе eight
episodes show the parents' sеаrсh for Olly when hе disappears and also over thе 2_ six
years. His dad keeps going back to Frапсе to З fоr his son.
Тhе series has been very successful а of the excellent script and the чеry good acting of
main characters. Тhе story is аЬочt поrmаl реорlе 6_ suddenly experience
а tеrriЫе tragedy. The аЙul thing is that it could hарреп to anyone.

After the first episode, critics predicted that it 7

_ become а popular series and they were
right. Now everyone is saying that 8 will win а lot of W awards later in the year.

14
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dlaq 1эв_4рчлоs оlрпе че чеэ 'lproш )эчlо ul
sэsBlqd u1 u1

,яеаr{ ua; ;o; ssaulsng аrлош ач1 u] uoag s,ачs

чоlssэ4оld е а u1

slep р аldпоэ е ш'lоrбL оч1 чl

аtч!} lo роllэd э + ц,

auyo lttl u1 'ур1 аql ш 'эцqпd ul

aэqd е + u1

UJ lsпэоJ NloHoM
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aлo.rdr.ul g
чlеIаlча a
ээчечча 9
обебча 9
эбеlпоэча 9
}эеJ}S!р Е
аlеоJэ z
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бulpltnq pJoM lfд зUод5 сUом

маlл 8
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Word building
'l Complete the tёxt with the correct form of the words iп Ыackets.

Сап you help fight Grime?

Everyone who lives in Moorston knows that crjme is rising ._,-gц!q&!- (оUlСЮ iп the аrеа. Реорlе
have reported mоrе 1_ (BURGLE) in the last уеаr than ечеr before and thеrе has also
been ап increase in fights using knives. So, the police hаче had an interesting idea, Тhеу would
like to Ыiпg crime 2_ (PROFESSION) and students together to talk about the problem.
ln particulal, they want students' З_ (ADVISE) about hоw to stop young people from
becoming а_ (CRlltzlE). The 5_ (SАFЕ) of the lvloorston реорlе is the most
important thing for the police. Crime 6_ (PREVENT) is а biq priority for them. So, if
апуопе would like to give а 7_ (HELP) hand and соmе to the series о{ 8
(DISCUSS), please go online and sign up!

sentence transformation
2 Complete the second sentence using the word in capitals so that it has а similar meaning to the
first. Do not change the Word iп capitals.

0 'Yes. |'ll help with the police search,' said Dave, AGREED
Dave aoreed to hе/р with the police search.
1 А neighbour reported а fight in James Road at'10:15. WAS
At 10:15 а fight in James Road а neighbour.
2 'Tim, when did you last see уочr brother?'the policeman asked. HAD
The policeman asked Tim whеп brother.
З Му friends and l always have fun at рагtiеs, OURSELVES
Му friends and l always at PartieS.
4 The police haven't аrrеstеd the burglar yet. BEEN
The burglar hasn't
5 l'm sчrе the old lady is lonely because no опе ечеr visits hеr. ВЕ
Тhе old lady because no one ever visiъ her_

6 The school paid electricians to put чр пеw security саmеrаs in the corridors. HAD
The schooI PUt UP in the corridors.

16
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