NJGS - Bulletin 61. The Cretaceous fossils of NJ - State of New Jersey

THE CRETACEOUS FOSSILS OF NEW JERSEY 

Part 2 

NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

fobn S. Keith, .&&&nt C d d r 


PALEONTOLOQY SE&IE8 

Bureau of Geologg and Topography 

Kemble Widmer, State OeologIst 

THE CRETACEOUS POSSaS OF NEW JERSEY 

b 

HOBACE Q. BICHARDB, st d. 

A reviaion of the report on the UrstoMovr Petoontdogy of Nas Jsr- 

ssy by Stoart Weller and puWed by the QeologiCa Sway of New 

Jersey in 1907 as Voiame IS' of tha Paleontolop hies. 

BULLETIN #61 

P m 

I1 

QASTMPODA, SCAFHOPODA, NAUTZLOIDBla, 

A?XIKO@OIDEA, BXbBHNITlDdE, CRUSTAC- 

VEBTEBBATA and XISCELIANEOUB FO88W\ 

STATE OF Wwa JEBSEY 

DEPABTMENT OF GON8ERVATION snd 

ECONOMIC D-PMENT 

Trenton, N. J. 

1m 

aqrhM 1991 


'"The ChWum Fossils of New krsey," a sEandard 

work for both aluatcm and profcL?k4ond palaontologiss, 

has been out-of-print for somc h. Volume 1 was 

published in 1958 and vohnns 2 in 1962. Despite their 

age and their being long out of stodt, a slow but steady 

demand continues for these books, For sevaral years it 

hasbeen~fortheNew~C3eologicalSwey 

tonfstinvestigatorstoli~aodips#lbookdea2crs. 

This new pdating is hkded to otiminatr. this 

ilmllvb It is designed to satisfy rhc present-day 

demands and those in the near fUtPIC. AccdhgIy, the 

~isanewpdntingandnetaacweditbn.Lackof 

fMd$for~mansthatcav~is~lctcand 

nomcnc~hasnotbccniqrdabd.1lishopGdthatthe 

second phting will llcvM&m m e con- 

meds atid that fame funding may make possible a major 

m i s i ~ n a n d ~ ~ w o r k o n t h t ~ ~ 

the Garden State. 


lj, S, Geological Snrrey 

\\'ashington, D. C. 

IJnirersity of Arkansas 

Fayet,te~ille, Arkansas 

Princeton lJliirersit,y 

Princeton, New Jersey 

Geological Surrey of Canada 

Ottal~a, Ontario, Canada 

Stat*: University of Iowa 

Iowa City, Iowa 

lJnir,:rsity of Arizona 

Tucson, Arizona 

Willi:ims College 

\\'illiamsto~rn, AIassacliusetts 

Academy of Natural Sciences 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 

U. S. Geological Surrey 

\Vashington, D. C. 

Wagner Free Institute of Science 

Phil:~~lc:lphia, Pennsylvania 

Cornell University 

Ithaca, New York 


.............................. 

1i:i~grme 1,. liora, Chairnran Tenafl~ 

....................................... 

Jfark Anton \\Test Ot~rallg~ 

..................................... 

Rolarrrl d~\\~ildc Briclg"011 

................................ 

Cllarlcs \ir. Engelhart1 Far IIills 

\Villialn A. IlaRat., .Tr. 

............................. 

Sea Isle city 

......................................... 

,l'ack hf. 1C;rne l\filtlis011 

............................... 

\Vayn(: 11.3lcklnrray Asbury Park 

Ed~~ard C. Rose ....................................... Sea Girt 

................................ 

Ok;, \'. Swisher. IIaclrlon 1Ieights 

Frank J. Valgrnti .................................. Xe~r \'ernon 

..................................... 

\Villiam E. \\laters l'itman 

..................................... 

IIenry T. \Vietsma JITyckoff 


XR. I~EXXETH 11. L.HE\'ELINO, Director 

Ili~ision of Planning B; Development 

Sir: 

Transmitted, herewith, is Part I1 of Bulletin 61, The Cretaceous 

Fossils of h'eur Jersey. This, together with the already published Part 

I, will provide up-to-date references and descriptions of the fossils of 

the Cretaceous formations of the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Basic information 

such as this is needed for the development of nat.ural resources 

(particularly water, oil and natural gas) where the occurrence 

of these resources is restricted to specific geologic formations. Tlie 

identification of fossils removed from core borings and drill holes permits 

the identification of specific formations at great depth 1)elow the 

surface. Although oil and natural gas hare not been found in New 

Jersey, there is increasing interest in the geologic conditions in the 

Coastal Plain. 

A11 authors were requested to follolv a specified, concise style in 

writing their descriptions of fossils. No attempt ~vas made to change 

the minor variations in the general format because each author was considered 

the espert best acquainted with the ~lescriptive style generally 

used by his colleagues in the same field. 

Respectfully submitted, 

NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

KEMBLLY: WIDHEII 

State Geologist

The practical problems of publishing and binding 

rcquired the presentation of this work in two 

parts. 1';lrt 1 was completed in 1958 and is arail- 

;~blo for snle by the Kew Jersey l%urcau of Geology 

ilt~d Topography. It was originally planned to 

repeat four plates (43 to 46) because they containecl 

both gastropods and pelecypods. Elowever, 

ill tile i~~tercst of economy this was not done; 

t,l~eri:forc, it will he llcccssary to refer hack to 

I'art I for illustrations of certain species descril)ecl 

in this voll~rnc. The table of sl>ecies and 

;I bi1)liography \vl~ich apply to hoth parts appear 

at the end of this volume. 


TABLE OF COXTEN1'S 

Gastropoila ........ l-Iortree G . Richards and ILobert C . Iiamsdell .. 1 

Scaphopoda ............................ Ilorace G . Richards .. 99 

Xautiloids ................... .A. K . IIiller and 11 . 1" . Garner .. 101 

Ammonites ........................... .John B . Reesiile, Jr ... 113 

Belemnites .................................. J . A . Jeletzky .. 139 

Crustaeea ................................ IIenry B . Roberts .. 163 

... 

.. 

ilp~endix A-Reptiles ................. IIalsey \\'. Miller, Jr 193 

Appendix B-RIiseellaneons Fossi!s ...... .Horace G . Kicl~ards I97 

Appendix C-New Cretaceous Invertebrate Fossils from 

Test Borings in Kern Jersey ........... llorace G . Richards 199 

Appendix D-Table Showing Distribution 

of Fossils .......................... 1Iorace G . Richards .. 209 


..

CRETACEOIJS QASTIIOl'ODS OF KE\\' JERSEY 

by Stuart \\Teller 

Reutsed a?~d a~cg~it~~entod by 

I~~I

2 CRETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Pleurotomaria tintonensis Whitfield 1892 

Plate 46, Figure 7. 

Pleuroto~naria ? tintonensis Il'hitfield, 1892, p. 178, pl. 22, figs. 6-9. 

This species was described by Whitfield from the "lliddle Marl" at 

Tinton Falls, Kew Jersey. It is almost certainly a synonym of P. erotaloides 

(Morton). 

T#pe.-Tinton Falls, N. J. AMNEI 10682. 

Pleurotomaria woolmani Pilsbry 1911 


Plenroto,r~nria cvoiuloides illorton, 1896, I'roc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 

(1896), p. 10: pl. 1, figs. 1-3. not of Norton. 

Pleirrotomarin ~oooln~ani Pilsbrp, 1911, Proe. A4cad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

(1911), p. 535. 

Description.-"Shell (cast) rather cliscoidal, the spire low-conic, 

base fl;ittenc(l and vcry broaclly ~imbilic;~tecl, \TThorls slowly increasing, 

very convex, separated by deep sutures; the last whorl strongly convex 

on the upper surface, thence sloping outward to the periphery, which 

is qnite convex again, and ncar the hasc of the whorl. Rase disl.inetly 

flattened, though conr7ex. Umbiliens somervhat exceeding one-third the 

total diameter, broad, deep and perspcctinc, tllc sutures within it strongly 

impressed. 

Diameter 7 cm. ; width of last whorl at aperture (measured belor\-) 

26 mm. ; alt. of same about 19 mm." (Pilsbry) 

R11.ngc in Xeio Jersc!/- 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK : 53 

Type,Nullica Hill, X. J. ANSP 1625. 

Family Patellidae 

Patella tentorium Morton 1834 

Plate 47, Fig. 1 

Potclla tentorinst, Morton, 1834, Synop. Org. Kem. Cret. Gr. li. S., 

p. 50. 111. 1, Az. 11. 

Helcion P tentoriwn, Whitfield, 1892, p. 153, pl. 19, figs. 6-8. 

Patella tentorium, Weller, 1907, p. 663, pl. 75, figs. 5-6. 

Descn'ption.-"Shell small, orbicular or subcircular in outline, he- 

ing slightly longer than wide, and measuring about half an inch in 

length; very depressed conical with a slightly anterior but nearly sub- 


central apex which is elevated above the margin equal to about onet.l~ii-d 

the lengtll of the shell; sides and anterior end of the shell slightly 

concave het\veen the apex and margin, and slightly convex along the 

posterior side. Surface marlred by elevated, rounded, radiating costae, 

which are rather wider than the interspaces and gradually increasing 

in size toward the margin of the shell, but are constantly increased in 

number, both by bifurcation and by implantation. The radii are crossetl 

by very fine concentric lines, hut toward the margin of the sl~ell these 

increase in strength so as to become distinct crenulations on tl~e top of 

the radii, and are nearly or tluitc one-half as stror~g as the radii thf:mselves." 

(Whitfield.) 

Remarks.-The type specimen is unicluc. 

Iiai~~c in Xelu .Jevse!/- 

RlERCEANTVlLLE : 16 

NAVESINIC : Arneytown 

,, I upc.-Arncytown, S. J. ASS1' 19445. 

Emarginula ladowae Eichman 

Elate 46, Figures 4, 6. 

E'~nurgii~u!a lfrdozune Eichman, 1955, A'\';~utiins, Val. 68, p. 113, pl. 4, 

figs. 7,s. 

This species ~vas recently described from the IVoodbury formation 

at IIa~ldonfield, S. J. (Locality 24a). It should be noted that the slagnification 

of the original figures sl~ould be s 10 instead of s 5 as illdicntccl. 

Typc ASSL' 20:W. 

Petropoma ? raritanuin (Itichards) 1943 

Piate 4;1, Figure 1G; Plate 45, Figures 2-3 

Aaella?~a ? rarilalia, llichards, 1943, p. 28, pl. 5, fig. 16. 

Petroponia ? rariiaauni, Stephenson, 1954, p. 35, p1. 8, figs. 1, 2. 

Descriptiun.-"Ilescription based upon a rubher squcczc of the only 

known specimen. Shell of medium size; whorls about threc, expanding 

rapidly. Body whorl rounded with relatively flat top. Ornamentci 

with ten roxs of punctate ribs separated fro111 each other by grooves 

showing faint traces of punctac. l'enultimatc ~rl~orl 1vit.11 four rihs 

with much less conspicuous 1)unctae; grooves between the ribsshow 

only very faint traces of punctac. Apes not preserverl. Apertl~rc and 

columella not sho1r.n. Length 12.0 mm." (Richards) 

questionably refers it to Petraponla 



flange in New .lersog- 

RARITAN : la 

Type.-Sayreville, N. J. XJSJI 10541 (squeeze of type ANSP 

15663). 

Family Angariidae (= Delphinulidae) 

Delphinula navesinkensis IVeller, 1907 


Delplci?~zi!a nttuosinko~sis, \Ireller, 1907, p. 669, pl. '75; figs. 18-19. 

Description.-"The dimensions of the type specin~en are: height, 10 

mm.; lnaxin~um diameter, 15 mm. The shell has a lo\\. spire, with about, 

two full volntions shown in the internal cast, with the suture well defined 

and with a broad, open umbilical (cavity. The first volution increases 

rather rapidly in size hut the enlargement of the outer voliit~io~~ 

is very gradual, its outer portion appearing, from tht: east, to be frec: 

for a short distance. In the inner portion of the sl~ell the exposed surface 

of the volutions is rounded, but in the outer roli~t,ion, especi~~lly 

towards the aperture, a strong revolving angle is levelo oped a little 

above the mid-height of the volution." (\Vellcr) 

Remarks.-Type specimen is unique. 

Rnnge in A'ew Jerse!/- 

NAVESINK : 46 

Type.--J\'alnford, N. J. ; NJSM 7577 

Urceolabrurn reticulaturn (Johnson) 1896 

Plate 94, Figures i, 8 

Tuba retic~~latr~, Johnson, 1898, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. (1898) 

p. 464. 

Urceolabrarn rcticzrlatan~, Stephenson, 1941, pp. 261, 270. 

Description.-"\Vhorls very convex, with four equidistant, revolving, 

raised lines, 1~11ieh are crossed by equidistant longitudinal ribs 

of a corresponding size, which form equal, q~ta(Irate, interstices, except, 

below the suture \\-here t,he longitudinal rills become obsolete. At tlrc 

junction of the two series of raised lines are small tubercles throughout 

the entire shell. Owing to the imperfect apertures of the five specimens, 

its generic position remains doubtful, but its distinct sculpture will 

distinguish the species. Length of the larg,:st speeimens. 6 mill. prol~ably 

attains the length of about 10 mill." (Johnson) 

Ren~a?ks.-This species has apparently never Ileen fignrcd. The five 

eotypes were examined by Stephenson (1941) who suggestc~il t,llilt t,hey 

belonged to the genns Urceolnbran~. 


I 

I 

I Rovrge in Kew Jorsey- 

\VOODBUltY: 22 

~ 

I 

GASTROPODA 

T!jpe.-Mount Laurel, N. J. (150-160 feet) ; ANSP 689. 

Family Eulimidae 

I Obeliscus conellus Whitfield 1892 

]>late 47, Figure 11 

Obelisctrs conolltrs, \TJhitfielrl, 1892, p. 151, pl. 19, fig. 1. 

Pyran~idellu cot~ellas, Johnson, 1905, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1905) 

p. 20. 

ObeLiscns connllus, JTTellcr, 1907, p. 672, pl. 76, fig. 1. 

Description.-"Shell minute, tl~e extreme length of the only speeimen 

lfnomn heing only about one-sixth of an inch. Apical anglc 38' 

or 40°, giving a sharply conical spire; volutions fire in number, very 

sligl~tly scaliforni, wit11 channeled sutures, but with the surface of the 

volution flattened in tlle direction of the spire; apex apparently rounded; 

body volution subangular at the line of contact wit,h the lip ; aperture 

ticute-ovate, sharp at the upper margin, and possibly pointed be- 

1011. (the specimen is imperfect at the base) ; columella slender, rounded, 

slightly prolongecl; marked by a proportionally very strong, tooth-like 

ridge just bclow the s~vell of the volntion; outer lip of the aperture 

sharp; axis imperforate; surface smooth, hut not polished on the specii 

men, though the dullness preser~t may be the eEeet of solotion." (Whit- 

I field) 

Ro~~rurks.-The type specimen is unique and may represent an itn- 

mature shell. 

Ilnnye i71 i\'i!w Jerse!j- 

\VOODBUR1': 24 

Type.-IIaddnnficl(l, I\'. J. ; AXSP 15626. 

Leiostraca cretaceo (Conrad) 1869 

Plate 47, Figure 8 

Et,lij,~a cretaceu, Conrad, 1869, Am. Jour. Conch., Vol. 5, p. 100, pl. 9, 

fig. 15. 

Le~ostreca oetacea, \TThitfiel~I, 1892, 11. 150. pl. 19, figs. 2-5. 

Leiostracn cret(~ceu, IVeller, 1907, p. 671, pl. 75, figs. 1.5-17. 

Description.-"Shell small, slender, subulate, spire very much ele- 

~ated, smooth and polished; volntions nine or more (eleven, Conrad), 

flattened between the sutures, the upper edge of any volntion sligl~tly 

smallcr than the lower edge of the one immediately ahore it, making 

the sutures remarkably distinct for a shell of this group, body volntion 


6 CRETACEOUS IQSSILS 

rounded subangular in the lower part and rather rapidly contracted 

below to the short columella; aperture ovate-elliptical, acute above and 

rounded below; outer lip thin and sharp, inner lip smooth, without cal- 

lus or ridges; surface polished, entirely destitute of lines or other mark- 

ings. On one individual, on which the lip is broken away for one-third 

of the volution, there occurs a distinct spiral ridge above the columella 

proper and just below the junction of the outer lip with the body of thc 

volution, within the aperture." (\Vhitfield) 

The dimensions of one of the type specimens are: height, 5.6 mm.; 

greatest diameter, 1.6 mm. ; apical angle, IFo. 

Range in Xezu Jersey- 

WOODBURY: 24 

Type.-Haddonfield, N. J.; AXSP 15585 

Family Scalidae 

~cala sillmani (RIorton) 1.834 


Scalaria sillntani, Morton, 1834, Synop. Org. Rem. Cret.. Gr. U. S., 1). 47, 

pL 13, fig. 9. 

Scalaria sillimani, Whitfield, 1892, p. 136,111. 18, fig. 2. 

Scala silln~ani, Weller, 1907, p. 672, pl. 76, figs. 2-3. 

Not Scala silljnani Wade 1926, p. lGB=Epitoni~lm pondi Stephenson. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, measuring nearly one inch in 

length and rapidly tapering, the apical angle being about 30" or 35'; 

volutions five or more, very round and full, hut closely compacted; thc 

suture line deep and sharp, but close; aperture (as shown on the only 

specimen in hand, which is a matrix containing thc shell of one side of 

the specimen in place and from which a gutta-percha cast is taken for 

description and figure), is round, but the margin is not preserved; 

surface of the shell marked by oblique varices, which have a slightly 

backward direction in crossing from the upper to the lower side of 

the volution; the Tarices are thin and recurved, ,and numher eight 

on one-half of the circumference of the last volution, but decrease 

somewhat in number toward the apex of the spire; axis imperforate: 

the base of the last volution bordered by a raised carina, helolr 

which the varices do not appear to extend. So far as can he ascertained 

from the specimen, I should judge that the varices were slightly 

produced in the upper part to form subspines around the base of tl~e 

preceding volntion. The minute surface character of the shcll ean not 

be ascertained from the specimen in use, as only the inside of the substance 

is revealed, but Dr. Morton describes it as marked by 'very 

minute spiral striae,' ~vl~ich one ~vould suppose xrould naturally bc the 

case. Mr. Gahh also speaks of it having 'much finer' revolving striae 

than his Sca!a (Opalia) Thomasi, which is also a New Jersey species, 


and says that 'each rib is reflected back into a little lip or notch nt..thc 

angle of the hasal varina.' " (\\711itfeld) 

The dimensions of a 1;lrge specimen are: height, 31. mlu. ; ~nasimurn 

diameter, 18 mm. 

- 12onge in Few Jersey- 

?IIERCHANT\'ILLE : 15 

\VOODRlJRY : 22 

I 

\ilENONAI$: 34, 35 

MT. LAllREL~NAYESINK: . 40.59 

TIXTOX : 

11an{~e otttside h7c1u Jersey- 

Alabanla 

T,ype.-l'rairie\@luff, Bla.; ANSP 15498 

- . 

-~cala cyclostoma Gabb 1876 


Srala (Opalio) ~cyclostoma, Gabb, 1676, Proe. Bead. Xat. Sci. Phil. 

(1876) p. 297.- 

Description.-"Shell smaller and sligl~tly more slender than the 

preceding; whorls seven, cross sections circular; surface marked by 

numerous prominent reeurved ribs, one of which on each whorl is thick- 

(:ncd, shou~ing a periodical arrest in grolr-th; between these ribs is very 

minute revolving seulptnre, a little more distinct on the earlier whorls. 

Aperture circular, l~ordered by a very thick expanded lip; base of body 

whorl bordered by a strong rib. Length .55 inches, width .25 inch." 

(Gabb) 

Type.-New Jersey; ANSP 15496. 

Scala thomasi Gabb ? 1876 


Scala (Opalia) Tkontasi, Gabb, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1876), 

p. 296. 

Scalaria Thon~asi 9, Whitfield, 1892, p. 137, pl. 18, fig. 1. 

Scda thomasi, ? \Teller, 1907, p. 674, pl. 76, fig. 4. 

Description.-"Sl~cll slender, turreted, xr-borls numerous, closely 

coiled and very ventrieose, with rather close sutures, numbering seven 

or more in a specin~en of less than seven-eighths of an inch in length ; 

apical angle less than 30°, probably not more than 25', the specimen 

being too imperfect to allow of positive mcasurcment; aperture apparently 

round and the base of the volution slightly carinate, and the 

axis imperforate; surface marked by numerous slender, longitudinal 

ribs or variees, which are erect, closely arranged, and directed obliquely 

backward in passing from the uppcr to tbe lower side of the volutions; 



minute surface structure not visible on the specimen in hand." (Whit- 

field) 

Range is Nezo Josoy- 

(1 


Scala hercules (JVhitfield) 1892 

Plate 52, Figure'lc: 

Scalarid hercztlos, \\'hitfield, 1892, p. 140, pl. 18, Gg. 12. 

Scala ? herct~les, JfTeller, 1907, p. Gi5. pl. 76, fig. 8. ,. 

Description.-"Shell of large size, robust in proportions, number. - 

of volutions unknown but compact, comparatively-shcri,.not very ventricose 

and closely united at the suture line_s;.ilfiical angle 20' to 2s0, 

giving a rather elongated spire ; volutions crossed b$f'from 12 to 14 very 

strong vertical varices, which form thick rounded ribs, rather closely 

arranged, and each marked by two rounded tubercles, one just below 

the upper suture line and the other near the lower su,ture !ine-; also a 

central line of smaller ridge-like nodes intermediat$;Wetw&n the other 

two, apparent on the last volution, marking the'position of a spiral 

carina on the center of the volution, while other spiral earinae cross the 

upper and lower lines of nodes, and on the base of the last volat,ion the 

usual carina surrounding the umbilicus is also marked by a thickening 

of the vertical ribs, but ~vithout forming distinct ribs; form of aperture 

and intermediate surface structure nn(leterminec1," (%'hitfield) 

Remarks.-"The original specimens used hy Whitfield are very in- 

complete. The species is a large one and the larger specimen used hy 

Whitfield must have been 100 mm. or more in height and 30 mm. or 

more in maximum diameter. The vertical ribs upon the volutions of 

this species arc somelvhat different than is usual in the genus, they he- 

ing rounded, thickened ribs and not simply varieal lips, the rariz hav- 

ing been filled to a solid rib before the growth of the shell had pro- 

gressed beyond it. The number of rarices varies somewhat in the dif- 

ferent volutions. The finer markings of the shell are not ell prl:servecl 

in the specimens, but on one specimen they seen1 to consist of ~:loselg- 

arranged spiral lines." 

Range in Xew Jersey- 

MAGOTIIY: G 


Margarites abyssina (Gabb) 1860 

Plate 47, Figures 4, 5, 7 

Solariunt abyssinzis, Gabb, 1860, Proe. Bead. Xat. Sei. Phil. (1860), 

p. 94, pL 2, fig. 9. 

Margarita abyssina. T\'hitfield, 1892,p. 133, pl. 17, figs. 1-5. 

Mavgarita ab!lssina, \\Teller, 1907, p. 669, pl. 75, figs. 20-22. 

Jfurgarites abyssi.itu., Gardner, 1916, p. 505. 

Blnryarites abyssinn., Groat, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 49. 

Description.-"Shell small, not exceecling half an inch in its great- 

est diameter; spire moderately elevated, the apical angle being ahont 

70' or i5' ; rolutions four to four and a half, very ventricose, giving a 

circular section when hroken across; snture (leep and \\.ell marked, 

xvhile the whorls in the internal cast are closely appressed and slightly 

imbedded into each other, showing the shell to be thin; also seen where 

the east rests partially in the matrix, the space left by the removal of 

the shell \\,here no compression has ocer~rred being harely perceptible; 

umbilicus broad and open, showing several of the \rolutions within ; sur- 

face marked by very fine, even, spiral lines over the entire shell, with an 

apparent stronger line on the periphery, and crossed by finer lines of 

growth which are bent baelt\'ard in crossing the volution, cancellating 

the surface." (IVhitfield) 

The dimensions of a rather large individual are: height, 9 mm.; 

masimum diameter, 10 mm. 

Rentarks.-\\Teller notes that individuals of this species from the 

Naresink formation normally are of a larger average size than those 

from the Merchantrille formation. Gnrdner mentioned that although 

this species is intermediate in size and in numher of whorls and relative 

attitude of the spire between BI. elevata Gardner and fii. depressa 

Gardner, it is more similar to the former than to the lattcr. 

Range in New Jersey- 

MERCIIANTVILLE: 14, 15 

WOODRTJRY: 20 

MT. I,ATJ~EI,-XAVES~NK : 39, 40,43, 46, 47, 49, 53 

TINTOX: 63 

Range outside New Jersey- 

Delaware, Maryland 

Type.-Burlington County, N. J. AFSP 18780 


10 CIIETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Family Natieidae' 

Lunatio halli Gnbh 1660 

Plate 46, Figure S; Plate 47, Figures 9: 10> 12; l'late 59, Figure 12. 

L~inufia IIalli Gabb: 1660, Jour. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phil., 211d ser., vol. 4, 

p. 391, pl, 66, fig. 11. 

Gyrodes alfispira Whitfield, 1592, p. 126, pl. 16: figs. 7-6. (Not of Gahb, 

1862) 

L~rnotia Halli Whitfield, 1892, p. 130, pl. 15, figs. 13-16. 

Lnnatin hnlli \ITeller, 1907, p. 677, pl. 76, figs. 9-19. 

Polynices (Ewpirn) halli Gardner, 1916, p. 499, pl. 13, figs. 1-2. 

Lnnatia halli Groot, Organist, and Richards, 1954, p. 49. 

Not Polynices lralli JVnde, 1926, p. 163: = P. rectilabr~rn~ Conrad. 

Dcscriptioii.-"Shell of moderate size, with an elevated spire coniposed 

of about four or four and a half rolutions in entire specimen, 

and much resembling a Palndina in general appearance; elevation about 

once and a half as great as the clinmet,cr of the last rolution: and the last 

volution when measured on the apertural side forins abont three-foorths 

of the entire height; volotions convex, not inflated, but regulnrly 

rounded, with a well marked suture in the casts, the only condition in 

which they are lino\vn from Nerv Jersey, bnt which does not indicate a 

flattening at tl~c top in the perfect shell; apertnre elongate-ovate, acutely 

rounded belom and some~vhat sharper above than below, the greatest 

brcadth being helow the middle; base of the last rolntion sharply ronnding 

into the umbilical cavity; umbilical opening in the east sn~;~ll: not 

extending ahore the lowest volution, and showing no evidence of any 

thickening or callus of any kind; surface rnnkno~vn." (Whitfield) 

Rnnqe 111 :Yew .Terse!/- 

&IF~RCIII~XTVIIIIJE : 15, 16, 17 

\ITOODRURT: 22, 23 

WENONAH: 35 

AlT. IdAURICL-N~\rESII\'I(SINI: 37,38,39,40,41,43,46, 47: 50, 53 

Rnngc oatside i\'czu Jersey- 

Dela\vare,, Maryland 

Type.-Nullica IIill, N. J.; ANSI' 15119. 

Lunatia ? pauperata (TVhitfield) 1892 


Scalarin ? pa~rpornta Whitfield, 1892, (part), p. 141, pl. 18, figs. 5, 6 

(not figs. 3, 4, 7.) 

!.?inatin ? pa~rperata Wellcr, 1907, p. 660, pl. 76: figs. 20-23. 

l)csrriptio?~.-Shell nf medium size. the rlinle~~sions of tl~c lar~er of 


GASTROPODA 

the two type specimens being ; height, 24 mm. ; maximum diameter, 19 

mm. ; height of aperture, 14.2 mm. ; width of aperture, I0 mm. Voln- 

tions rounded, about four in number, separated in the casts by distinct 

and deeply marked sutures; spire elcrateil, the apical angle 70'-SO0, 

the last rolution forming one-half or more t11:ln one-half th~: entire 

height of the shell. Aperture subovate, rounded 11clo\r, slightly more 

pointed ahore, the inner margin straighter than the outer. External 

surface characters of the shell not kno~\.n. (\\'eller) 

Rfrilge iir Serrr .losey- 

MT. LB~JRETJ-N~V@SINIC : 4i Type.-Cross~ricks Creek, N. J. N.ISIl7605 

Amauropsis meekana \Vl~itfield 1892 

Plate 48, Fignre 1 

dir~ot~ropsi~ ~~~l!rrdirrircfo).~r~is, Gi~hb, 1S76, I'roc. :\ea(I. Xat. Sci. Phil., 

1576, p. 296. (Not A. pa'?irli?rirefor~~ris hleelc 6; Hayden) 

B~~raaropsi.~ Neekairii, \\'hitfield, 1892, 1,. 131, pl. IG, figs. 22-25. 

r1111a?tropsis l~leekana, \\'eller, 1907, p. 681, pl. 77, figs. 1-3. 

Asratiropsis eleekono, Gardncr, 1916, p. 503. 

Amouropsis n~eekatra, Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 49. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, elongate-suborate; spire moderately 

elevated> only about tvo-thirds as high above the apertnrc as the 

length of the aperture; ~olutions fire or fire and a half in the 1:lrgcst 

specimen; rentricose, with distinct, \\.ell marked sutures, hi hi el^ are very 

s:ightly channeled ; l:ody ro!ution more dislinetly vcntrieose than the 

others; mis solid; aperture oratel aeutc at the ilpper end, ro~~niled and 

slightly effuse below; outer lip thin ant1 sllarp; colnmella somewhat 

thickened by the deposit of the lip, and grooved 11elolv the margin of the 

deposit, but not umbilieate; surface of the shell marlced by prol>ortiorlately 

strong, - transverse lines of ero\\-th, - which are esceedinnly - irregn- - 

lar; and also by fine, even, corrugated spiral lines crossing tllcm." 

(Whitfield) 

The dimensions of one of the type speci~nens are: height, 24 mln. ; 

maximum diameter, 14.5 mm.; height of aperture, 14.5 mm. The Iargcst 

individual observed has a height of 2i mm. ; and Inany spe~' vmens are 

much smaller than the dimensions of the type given. 

Ronqe iir :Yew: Joso!lhIERCHANTT~1LLE 

: 8 

TVOODBTiRY : 18,19,24 

Kltqqe orltsirle iYeu Jersey-- 

Delaware 


12 CKETACEOUS FOSSlliS 

Arnauropsis punctata (Gabb) 1860 

Plate 48, Figures 2-4 

Phasianella pit~tctatu, Gahb, 1860, Jour. Acad. N;'ilt. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., 

vol. 4, p. 299, pi. 48, fig. 3. 

Aninuropsis ptrnctrrtn. \\Tl~itfield, 1892, 1). 132, 111. 16, figs. 17-21. 

Antac~ropsis ptrnctnfu, TVeller, 1.907, p. 682, pl. 77, figs. 4-6. 

Descriptio?~.-"Shcll small or of medirltl~ size, with an clcvatcd 

spire which has an apical angle of from 40'-45' ; volutions four to fire 

in nnmher: very rentricosc, with deep, xvcll marked srlturcs, ~vliich are 

slightly channeled on some of t,l~e specimens; aperture round orate, 

sliglitly pointed above and rounded belou.; rather lass than 11:~lt' the 

lengtl~ of the shell in casts or partially exfoliated indiriduals; columella 

slender and solid, and in tlie cast sho\ving only a slight perforation from 

the removal of the s~tbstance of the axis; surface of the shell marked 

by fine impressed spiral lines of punct:~tions on tl~c type specimen, but 

on casts or partially exfoliated individuals this feature is not visible." 

(IVl~itfielcl) 

Xaitye ill. Xeiu Jersey- 

$IT. T,AI~REIJ-XAVESINI< : 53 

'Ir'!jpe.-IIullica 1.Iill: 3. J. t\XSP 15156. 

Arnauropsis cadwaladeri Kicl~arcls 1!)4:1 

Plate 43, Figtire 19 

:111iurrropsis cndturr!(:tleri, Richards, 1943, p. 28, pl. 5, fig. 19. 

Descripfio?i.-Shell of medium size, smooth, spirt: elevated ; spire 

abont tl~c length of t,he aperture. TVhorls ahout five: broadly ronn

GASTROPODA I :I 

Gyrodes abyssina Weller, 1907, p. 683, pl. 77, figs. 7-9. 

Gyrodes abyssi~~lrs Gardner, 1916, 11. 498. 

Gyrodes abyssincr. Groot, Organist and Richarcls, 1954, p. 49. 

Descripfio?l.-"Shell large, globose, 114th a flattenetl spire, the innt:r 

rolutions of ~vliielr scarcely rise ahore the outer ones, and are only t\~o 

and a half to three in number; rolntions rather rentricose and erect,, 

ovate in a transverse section ; umbilicus largo and open to near the npex 

of the shell; apertnre oratc, two-thirds as \vide as long, and a little more 

conrex on the oatsirle t,han on the inner margin, nearly eclually rou~lde

14 CRET.4CEOTjS FOSSILS 

middle. In specimens preserving the shell, or in itnpressio~ls of the exterior, 

a distinct band of elevated crenulations or transverse nodes 

marks the top of the rolutions just below the suture, and forms a decided 

ridge around the spiral portion of the shell. Surface of the shell 

marked by fine lines of grolvtlt parallel with the margin of the aperture, 

and passing over the line of nodes on the upper surface of the volution. 

(IVeller) 

Renzarlis.-Since most of the Ncn Jersey !specimens of these species 

are poorly preserved easts, their identification often is uncertain. 

Range in Eew Jersey- 

MERCI-IAWrVILLE : 8, 10,15 

WoonBunP: 24 

WENONAII : 34 

Run!je ottlside Sezo Jersey- 

Delaware, North Carolina, Georgia, Alabalua, Mississippi, Texas. 

. Type.-(C. szipraplicatus) Crosswicks, N. J. Lost. 

.(N. i?~f,meari?~atu) Crosswieks, N. J. ANSI' 15132. 

(G. erenofa) Tippah County, Miss. ANSP 1.5133. 

Gyrodes petrosus (Morton) 1834 

Piate 49, Figure 3 ; l'late 44, Figures 4, 5 

Fatica pelrosn Morton, 1834, Synop. Org. 1lem.Cret. Gr. U. S., p. 48, 

pl. 19, fig 6. 

Gyrodes petroszts Whitfield, 1892, p. 12'7, pl. 16, figs. 1-4. 

Gyrodes petrosus \?Teller, 1907, (part), p. 689, pl. 77, figs. 13-15 (not 

figs. 16-18). 

Cyrodes petrostts Stephenson, 1941, p. 282, pl. 51. figs. 1-7. 

Gyrodes petrosiis Groot, Organist and Iticl~ards, 1954, p. 49, (not Gyrodes 

petrosss Gardner, 1916, p. 496, pl. 13, fig. 8 = G. szibcarinatus 

Stephenson ?). 

Descriptios.-"Sl~cll (as seen in casts) of medium size or smaller, 

obliquely oval or depressed and somelvhat patnlose, with a low spire; 

the entire adult sltell having three to three and a half volutions, the last 

of which forms the greatest bulk of the shell; volutions obliquely compressed 

from above, largest belox the middle, often slightly flattened 

on the upper half and with a distinct flattened space bordering the suture; 

aperture large, very oblique, strongly receding below as seen in 

profile on its edge ; semilunate in outline, rounded below and slightly 

acute above, somewhat modified in the upper part by the intrusion of 

the preceding volution ; umbilicus large, broadly patulose within, and 

apparently without callus; peristome thin, and the substance of the 

shell also apparently, slight; surface of the shell unknc~mn." (Whitfield) 

The dimensions of an average-sized allult specimen are: lnaxirnr~m 


diameter, 26 nim. ; height, 19 mm.; height of aperture, 23 mm.; midth 

of aperture, 12 mm. 


RARITAN : l a 

DZERCHANTVILLE : 10,15 

WEXONAH : 34,35 

&IT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 37,39,40,41,46,47,49, 53 

RED RANK: 59,GO 

1lu11ge olrlside New Jerseu- 

Delaware, Maryland, Alabama, Mississippi, Tesas 

Type.-l'rairic Bluff, Alabama; ANSI' 15140. 

Polinices altispira (Gahb) 18G1 

Plate 49, Figures 2,4 

1 Lzcnalia altispira, Gabh. 1861, Proc. Acad. Xat.. Sei. Phil. (lSGl), 

p. 320. 

? Cyrodes obtzcsiuolun, Gabb, 1861, Proc. Aead. Xat. Sei. Phil. (1861), 

p. 320. 

Gyrodes obtusivolva, \TThitfield, 1892, p. 129, pl. 16, figs. 9-12. 

Gyrodes al,tispira, IVcller, 1907, p. 687, pl. 77, figs. 19-21. 

Polynices (Ez~spirn) altispiru, Gardner, 1916, 11. 500, (not Cgrodes 

altispira Whitfield, 1892, p. 128, pl. 16, figs. 7-8 = hnatia ha!li.) 

Descriptio?~.-"Shell, as known from internal casts, of moderate 

size, somewhat erect, obliquely subglobose with a moderately elevated 

spire, whorls three or three and a half, the outer ones flatly truncate 

on the top adjacent to the suture line, the truncation being strongly 

marlred and angular at the margin. On fully grown specimens it is 

nearly an eighth of an inch in width on the outer half of the last volu- 

tion ; aperture oblique, ovate, widest below and truncated above by the 

flattening of the upper surface of the volution; umbilicus, as seen in 

the casts, small, indicating a slender, almost if not entirely solid colu- 

mella; margin of thc umbilical depression not angular; surface of the 

shell, as seen on fragments remaining attached to the casts, marked by 

fine tranverse lines of growth." (Whitfield) 

The dimensions of a large individual are: maximum diameter, 23 

mm. ; height 20 mm. ; height of aperture, 17 mm. ; width of aperture, 

13 mm. 

Rcntnrks.-Gardner placed this species in the subgenus Euspiva 

rather than C,yrodes because of the"very small nmbilical area and pit,.'' 

Gabh's G. obtusivolva is specifically identical with this species. The 

specimen which Whitfield described and illustrated as a representative 

of G. altispira is an example of Lzinatia kalli. 


MERCHBXTVILLE : 8,l5 


16 CltETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Rua(]c otifsi[lo ~Vctc; Jerseyhlarylanil 

Type.-Cross!\~icks, I\'. J.; apparently lost; paratypes ANSI' 19Ii:iS; 

type of G. obtztsiz;oluo, Nelv Jersey; AXSP 15137. 

Yamily Senophoridae 

Xenophora leprosa (Morton) 1834 

Plate 49, Figures 5, 6 

Tvoelrtis ieprostix Morton, 1834, Syno~. Org. Rent. Cret. Gr. 11. S.: p.4(i: 

pl. 1.5: fig. 6. 

Sei~opltera leprosn, \Vliitficl[l, 1692, p. 135, p1.17, figs. 16-19. 

.Ve~iophor.n lop~.osa, TJTcller: 1907,p. 690, pl. 78, figs. 1-3. 

Xollophoru leproscr, Bardner, 1916: p. 49.5. 

Sc?~ophora leprosu, Wade, 1926, p. 162, 111. 56, figs. 7-6. 

Stnophora lcproso, Stephenson, 1941,p. 284,111. 52, figs. 17-19, 

Se~~opl~or~ leproso, Groot, Organist and Ricliards, 1954, p. 50. 

I)eseription.-"Sliell small or below a medium size, trochiform, or 

I~roacl eonieal; the spire ]laving an apical angle of less than 90' ; baso 

flat or concave, usually nrore or less depressed in the center? with the 

margin of the rolution more or less rounded, and in old individuals 

soliretimes distinctly rounded ; casts showing a small mnhilici~l perfor- 

;,tion, hut the axis probably soli(l in the shell; volntions probably sere11 

or eight, but in the casts the ripper ones are nsnally absent and seldom 

show more than fonr or four and a half; one small specimen retaining 

t,lie upper rrliorls, to tllc number of four and a half, measures only fivecighths 

of an inch in diamet~?r. This one, if continued below to tlle size 

of the larger one figured, would possess at least eight volutions; xvliorls 

oblirluely flattened on their surfaces in the direction of the spire? vit,h 

only a small portion of their edges rounded or vertical, and tile surface 

deeply and abundantly scarred by the cicatrices of foreign substances 

which haw been attached to the surface of tl~e shell during life; aperture 

compr~:ssc(l: transversely ovate or trapezoi(Iill, and tl~e outer margin 

inucli prolonged." (Whitfield) 

The rlirner~sions of an internal cast arc: height, 28 mnl. ; masiluuln 

diameter, 44.5 mm. 

Range in Kew .ler.se~/-- 

hIT. LAUREL-XAVESINI

Endoptygma umbilicata (Tuomey) 1855 


Phorlrs ~i~ilbilicnlrrs Tuomey, 1855, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. l'hil. Yol. 7: 

1). 169. 

Entloptyplu ic.r~lbilieatu \Vhitfield, 1892, p. 136, pl. 17, fig. 20. 

Endopt!lgnta a~~~bilieata\\'eller, 1907, p. 692, pl. 78, figs. 4-6. 

Endoptygnrn ~r~~lbilieata Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 50. 

I)oseriplw~~.-"Sl~ell rather helow a mcdirun size, spire hroa(1ly 

conical, with an apical angle of about SOo, and con~posed of about fol~r 

rolutions; base flat or sligl~tly concave, and in the cast sholring a small 

open umbilical perforation, representing the compi~ratircly slenclcr 

solid columella; the base of the cast is marked by a rather deep, narrol17, 

spiral groove? about one-third to one-fourth of the ~vidt11 of the rolution 

from the umbilical cavity, marking the position of an internal spiral 

ridge at this point on the inside of the basal portion of the sllell; rolutions 

flattened in this direction of the spire, ~vitll mo(lerate1y distinct 

suture lines separating them in the casts, their surfaces closely all11 

deeply scarred by the attaehmcnt of foreign substances to t,l~e outsi111: 

of the shell during life." (\Vhitfield) 

The dimensions of an average specimcn arc: height,, about 14 IIIIII.; 

~nasilnnm diameter, 19.5 mm. 

Hnnye in. NEZU Jersey- 

~~EL~CLIANTVILIJF, : 8,13,15 

\ITOODRURP : 20 

Rrnq~ge urrtsi(1e New Jersey- 

Delavare, Alabama, Rfississippi. 

T!/pe.-Noxnhee County, Rfississippi. 

lpamily Trichotropidae 

Lirpsa ? lepida Stephenson 1955 


Llrpsa ? lepida Stephenson, 1954, p. 30, pl. 8, figs. 6-13. 

Description.-"This species is represented at the soutl~ern pit of the 

New Jersey Clay Proc111cts Co. (IJSGS 19014) by many external an(l 

internal molds some of which sho~v the form and sculpture of t,he shcll 

Inore clearly than others. Shell of medium size with lo\\, spirc and 

rapidly expanding whorls; spiral anglc '75' to 80' on different individuals. 

Suture of medium depth, closely apprcssed in earlicr stages, 

becoming loosely coiled in the adult stage. Form and attitr~~le of protoconch 

not dctermine(1. \Vhorls 2 or :I. Body 11-horl large; siclc gcntly 

convex in profile, sloping steeply from suture to a earin~~ted slionlder 


18 CRETACEOUS FOSSlLS 

which may also be considered the periphery; base below the periphery 

steep, gently convex. Exposed part of penultimate and antepenulti- 

mate whorls gently convex." (Stephenson) 

Remarks.-Related to L. teres Stephenson from the \T700~lhine formation 

of Texas. For further description see Stephenson (1954). 

Range iw New Jersey- 

RAKITAN: lb 

1'ype.-Sayreville, N. J. ; IJSNAZ 108663. 

Family Vermetidae 

Siliquaria pauperata Whitfield 1892 

Plate 50, Figures R,9 

Siliquaria pauperata TIrhitfield, 1892, p. 149, pl. 18, figs. 28-28. 

Siliquaria pauperata Weller, 1907, p. 705, pl. i9, figs. 18-20. 

Description.-"A few specimens only of casts of tubes referable 

to this genus have come under my notice. Two of them are coiled 

and retain the younger parts of the specimens, while most of them are 

only fragments representing medium sized parts of the tubes, or parts 

from the large irregularly coiled portions. The tube is very gradually 

tapering, and either compactly or loosely coiled in the upper part, but 

all show their relations to the genus Siliquaria, by the narrow ridge 

left along the upper side of the tube by the material whicli has filled the 

slit. There is no distinctive feature represented on the specimens by 

which they can be distinguisllcd from casts of other species of the genus ; 

and, as no evidence of the surface cl~aracters are preserv~:rl, uo data for 

comparison is left." (Whitfielcl) 

Kanye in. A'ew Jersey- 

NAVESINK : 

T,ype.-New Jersey; ANSP 15558. 

Laxispira lumbricalis Gabb 1876 

Plate 57, Figures 10,ll 

Lazispira Izcmbn'calis Gabb, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phil. (1876) 

p. 301. 

Lazispira luntbricalis, Whitfield, 1892, p. 148, pl. 18, fig. 25. 

Lazispira lumbricalis Weller, 1907, p. 706, pl. 81, figs. 1-2. 

Lazispira lun~bricalis Gardner, 1916, p. 485. 

Lazispira lz~mbricalis Wade, 1926, p. 159, pl. 55, figs. 5-8. 

Lazispira lumbricalis Croot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 50. 

Description.-The dimensions of a large specimen, an internal cast, 

are : height, 29 mm. ; maximum diameter, 12.5 mm. ; apical angle, about 


GASTROPODA 19 

28'; number of volutions about four and a half; height of aperture, 

8.5 mm.; width of aperture, 6.3 mm. Shell forming an open spiral, in 

which the volutions are not in contact, the sutural space in the casts 

I~eing nearly as wide ;IS the diameter of the volutions. Cross section of 

the volutions nearly circular, except in the outer volution of mature 

shells, in ~rlrieh, near the aperture, the shell is slightly compressed, 

making the aperture higher than it is wide and straighter on the inner 

than on the outer lip. Surface of the shell marked with fine, raised, 

revolving lines, from two to four of vlrieh occupy the space of one millimeter 

and by transverse lines of gromth. (Wcller) 

Range In New Jersey- 

MERCI-IANTVILLE: 8, 10. 15 

JVOODBURY: 18, 24 

I?nngc olrtslde .?'elu Jersey- 

Delaware, RIississippi, 'I'enucssee. 

Typo.-Haddonfield, N. J.; AKSP missing. 

Family Turritellidae 

Turritella vertebroides >forton 1834 

l'latc 4'3, Figure 9 ; Plate 50, lqgnrc 5 

T~irritclln cerlebruirles llorton, 1834, Synop. Org. Rem. Cret. C:r. U. S., 

p. 47, pl, 3, fig. 13. 

l'trrvitella certebroidcs J\'hitfielcl, 1892, p. 1.46, 111. 18, figs. 13-15 and 

? 16-18, 

Ttirritelln vertebroides JJTeller, 1!)07, p. 693, pl. 78, fig. 15, and ? figs. 

16-17 (not fig. 14). 

T?ivritella vertebroi(1e.s Stephenson, 1923, p. 366, pl. 91, figs. 11-14. 

Descriptio~i.-Shell acutely angulz~r, the apical angle ahout 20' ; 

the dimensions of :t 1:lrgc individual from Alahama are: m;~simum 

diameter, 20 mm.; length with the apcx broken, 64 mm.; number of 

volutions preserved, 10. Suture moderately impressecl, siti~ate~l a little 

below the center of a rounded, revolving furrow; surface of the 'ol11tions 

depressed convex from suture to suture. Surface marked by four 

or five sul~equal, angnl:~r, revolving costae, wit11 several 1n11elr finer ones 

occupying each of thc interspaccs, ;lntl11y fine transverse lines of growth 

which describe a conea~~c curve in p;cssing doll-n~vartl from t.he sul.ilre. 

[n the casts the volutions are ~noderately close, the sl~rface is smooth 

and roundcd curving rathcr ;~hruptlg into thc sntures above :~ntl belo~r. 

(J\'eller) 

12oi1nrks.-AIost of the Ne~v Jersey speei~nens rel~resenting this 

specics are imperfectly preserve11 internal casts. 

Range in New JerseJj- 

>IT. LAIJREL-NA\rESINI: :li, 40, 46, 47, 50 


20 CRETACEOUS FOSSIIIS 

Ro?~ge o~rtat(le iVew Jerse!/- 

North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabalna, I\l~ssiss~pl~i, l'e~inrs 

see. Arkansas; rar~eties from Texas. 

T~pe.-Xew Jersey; ANSI' 2287. 

Turritella encrinoides Al~lorton 1834 


Z'io'ritello e~~oi~roiOes Morton, 1834: Synl~p. Org. Rt:111. Cret,. Gr. U. S.) 

1). 47, pl. 3, fig. 7. 

Trrrritelln e~~wii~oicles \Vhitfield, 1892, p. 143, ],I. 18, figs. 19-22. 

Z'1irrito1lu eiieri?~oides \Veller, 1907 (part), p. 691, pl. 'iS2fifigs. 10-13. 

4- 

-' 

Ti~rrilelln e.~~oiiroirlcs Gardner, 1016, p. 492.-- 

T~~rl.ite(li& c~~oiiloi(les \f7;~dc, 1926, 1). 160, PI. 66, fig. 4. 

Tarritellu eitcrinoirlcs Groot,, Organist and Ricli;~r(ls, 1954, 11. 50; pl. G? 

fig. 2. 

Deserip1io11.-Shell acutely angular, tht: angle of.tlivergenee of tl~c 

sides being t111out 20'. Sutarc not strongly -imPl~sd, sitnated in an 

angular, ro~~n~lecl furrow; surface of the volutions llepressed convex, 

nearly flnt in t,he central portion and curving more abr~~ptly to tlie 

sutnrcs above and helo~v. Surface n~arkeil by t,liree major rerolring 

costae wl~ich are flattened on top; in ,arIclit,ion to t,lie majtr-cgztae-there 

are lower, angular, rerolring ribs situated as follo\\;S, one betveen the 

lower suture and tlie first major costa, one bet~recn thc first anrl seeonrl 

cost,ael two bet,\reen the seeon11 tnnd third costae, and two I)et\reen the 

tl~ircl major costa ant1 the upper suture. ID. the casts the sutnres are 

rather close, especially l~etx~een the lower and larger volu~ijons; t,he 

lorr.er ~~oln~bions nre more or less quaclrangn~lar in et.oss-section, the 1111per 

ones being rouncler, due un(1onhtedly to tlie internal thickening of 

the sliell ~rit,h age. (\fTeller) 

Ron1ar1~s.--Casts of t,his species arc very similar to casts of 7'11rvitclla 

vortebroi(lcs Morton bnt can be clisting~~isl~eil from the latter 

species rrith mhieli they often are associateil I,? the "quadrangn!ar 

cross-section of their larger volntions." 

Rrri~!/e o~rtsirle A-em Jersey- 

Delalvare. BIarylan(1, Tennessee. 

T!/pe.-Nelv Jersey ; ANSP 15.519. 


GASTROPODA 21 

Turritella quadrilirn Johnson 1898 

I'late 50, Figure 6; Plate 51, Figure 2 

Tzrrrilella qaadrilira Johnson, 1896, Ann. Rep. Geol. Snrr. N. for 

1897, 1). 264. 

il'zrrritella qrradrilir(t Johnson, 1898, l'roc. Aca(1. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1998)> 

p. 463. 

Tzri~ritella qvadrilira XVellcr, 1907, 11. 695, pl. 78, fig. 7. 

l'z~rretella qt~udrilir' Stephenson, 1923, p. 3K3, pl. 90, figs. 30-11. 

Tt~r.rite/la qzradrilira Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954; p. 50, 111. 6, 

fig. 3. 

Descriptio?~.-Apieal angle about 20' ; the figured specimen is tlle 

apical portion of a shell 19.5 mm. in length, with a maximum diameter 

of 6 mm., showing nine volutions. Suture situated a lit,tle above the 

middle line of a broad, smooth, depressed, concave channel wl~ose lolver 

slope is less alrrupt than the upper, and whose width is more than onehalf 

the ~vidth of the elevated portion of the volutions. Surface of the 

rolutions between the sutural depression, a little convex and marked by 

four strong, angular, revolving ribs, the uppermost of which is sliglltly 

smaller than the others; the interspaces bet~~rcen the ribs are broa

22 CRETACEOTJS FOSSILS 

than seven-eighths of an inch in its extreme length; flattened convex 

on their outer surface, and subangular at the upper anil lower margins, 

with a nearly flut base. Lower margin of the volntion proportionally 

larger than the upper. Suture lines between the whorls narro~v, but 

very distinctly marked. Surface marked by about 12 fine, threadlike 

revolving ribs, three of which are larger than the rest, are placed at. 

equal distances from each other, and from the upper and lover edges, 

and are slightly undulated so as to produce a series of minute nodes. 

This charact,er shows itself to a much less extent on some of the smaller 

ribs. Under surface of the body rolution marked by a few fine revolying 

ribs, with regular concavities between them." (\I1hitfield) 


WOODBURY: 24 

9 NAVESINK : 57 

T,ype.-Burlington Co., N. J. ; ANSI' 15549 ; IIaddonfield, A'. J. ; 

ANSP 15481 (cotype of T. compacts); Vineentown, N. J. ( 9) ; ANSP 

15484 (cotgpe of T. eompaeta). 

Turritella lenolensis Weller 1907 


Tt~rritella lenolensis \Veller, 1907, p. 698, pl. 78, fig. 8. 

Description.-Apical angle about lgO. The type speci~nen is the 

apical portion of a shell 11.5 mm. in length and 4.5 mm. in maximum 

diameter, and retains 10 volutions. The volutions are sharply carinate 

at about their mid-height, the space betxvcen the carinae of adjacent 

volutions being a broad, deep, concave, revolving depression, whose 

upper slope is more abrupt than the lo~r~er, and whose greatest depth 

is a little above the middle. Suture situated near the middle of the revolving 

depression, a little below the line of greatest depth. The entire 

surface of the shell is marked with very fine, elevated, revolving, lines. 

(Weller) 

Rentarks.-The type specimen is only the apical portion of ;I sl~ell. 

the apertural portion being incomplete. It is tl~erefore possible that 

this species may attain greater dimensions and a larger number of voln- 

tions than indicated above. 


AZERCHANTVILLE : 15, 16 

nTOODBIJRY : 24 

Type.-IInddonfield and Lenola, N. J. 

Turritella lippincotti \Vhitfield 1892 

l'late 51, Figures 4, 6 

Turrilella Lippincotti \IThitfield, 1892, p. 145, pl. 16, figs. 23-24 


GASTROPODA 23 

Turritella lippincotti Weller, 1907, p. 698, pl. 79, fig. 1. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, rather rapidly tapering, the 

apical angle being about 20" or less. Volutions flattened on the surface 

in the direction of the spire, with scarcely perceptible suture lines whcre 

the shell is preserved, and only vcry moderate ones in the east; their 

form in a section being trapezoidal, the upper and lower outer angles 

being rather sharply angular, even in an internal cast; basal face seareely 

convex ; volntions nnmerous, a fragment measuring not quite 2 inches 

in length, with a diameter at the lower end of five-eighths of an inch, retaining 

seven, ~ ith space at the upper portion for about fire more. Surface 

of the shell marked, in the only specimen which preserves it, by fine 

rounded spiral, thrcad-lilx lines over the entire surface." (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-Whitfield's types of this species are casts from natural 

n~onlds ivhich shorn the external features of the shell. The species is 

cl~aracterized bx the flat ontcr surfaec of the volutions, and the slightly 

imprcssecl suture. ~I'hitficld does not illustrate the casts of t.he species, 

although he ~ncntinns their charactcrs. 

Turritella trilira Conrad 1860 


Ttcrritellr~ trilira Conri~d, 1860, Jonr. head. Nat. Sci. l'hil., 2nd ser., 

vol. 4, p. 285. 

Z'trrritella irilira \Veller, 1907, p. 699, p1. 79, figs. 4-5. 

l'itrritella tri1ii.a Garrlner, 1916, p. 489. 

Z't~rrilella trilira Stephenson, 1923> p. 360, pl. 90, figs. 2-9. 

Tiirritella trilira Jlrade! 1926, p. 161, pl. 56, fig. 3. 

Ti~rritella trilira Stephenson, 1941, p. 266, pl. 52, figs. 1-5. 

Descriptio?~.-Shell with an apical angle of about 27'; the figured 

specimen 36 mm. in length, with a maxin~um diameter of 13.5 mm., and 

showing seven volutions. The specimen is incomplete at both ends, and 

mhcn complete it n~ust have becn 60 mm. or more in length, with 14 or 

more volutions. Suture situated near the middle of a rather broad, depressetl, 

coneavt: channel of moderate depth, the lower slope of the 

channel bcing less abrupt than the upper and mith a slight revolving 

rib micl~vay of the slope; the greatest depth of the sutural furrow lies 

a little ahow tbc suture itself. Surface of the volutions, betmeen thc 

margins of the sutural furrow, flat and marked by three strong, revolving, 

angnlar ribs of cqual strength, with rounded interspaces. (Weller) 

Reiiiarks.-This spccies is closely related to Tt&rritella bilira Stephenson 

and to T. qtindrillirn Johnson hut the former has two spiral 


24 CleETACEOljS FOSSILS 

ribs and t,he latter has four spiral ribs instead of the three found in 

T, tniira. 

Rirnge in Nelu Jersey- 

\\'13XOXA TI : 35, 40 

Range vatside Xetu Jersey- 

Marylandl North Carolina: Sooth G;~rolina, Georgia, hlabalil;~, 

Tllississippi, Arlransas, 'l'esas, Te~messee. 

T!jpe.--Til)pah Co., Ifiss.; ANSP ('! lost). 

Turritella tippana Cnnmd 18,5S 


Tr(rritcll(~ tippuir(~ Conrad, lS58, Jour. Bcatl. Nat. Sei. I'hil.~ 2nd ser., 

rol. 3, 11. :

GAYTIIOI'ODA 25 

Il'arritell~~ cf. jerseye?isis Richards, 1943, p. 30. 

Descriptioi~.-The dimensions of the type specimen, a nearly eomplete 

internal cast, are: height, 38 inm.; rnasirnr~tn diameter, 9 mm.; 

apical angle about 16'; number of volutions present, 9. In the cast the 

sides of the sl~ell from the apex to the largest volut,ion are slight,ly eonyes, 

the divergence of the sides decreasing as the shell increases in 

length. The suture in the east is close between the apical volutions, becoming 

broader and more open as it approaches the aperture; the snrface 

of the \.olntions is smooth, flattenctl or slightly convex in the central 

portion, ant1 curving more abruptly into the sntnre. Estcmally, as 

sl~olvn by a east from the natural mould, the suture is slightly impressed 

in a narrow angular groove, the surface of the rolutions is flat and 

marked by about five rt~ther broad, low, revolving rihs, of \vl~iall the 

lo\vest one is t.l~c st,ronger, two faint revolving ribs can also be clctcctccl 

nl:al. the periphery on the lolver surface of the last volution. (\\'cllcr) 

Rel,~nrks.-"\Veller referred some specimens of Tlrrritelln from a 

slab obtained from Sayre t~nd Fisher I'its qnestionahly to I?. jerseyensis 

\\'cller xvhich l~e 11ad clcscribed from the Cliffv.ood cli~j. of Xelv ,Tersey. 

hI;~terial collected more recently rcse~nhles the Tioritella of Weller's 

slab and can also he rcfcrred q~~cstional~ly to T. ,ier.scgensis. Tl~e absence 

of the nodes differentiates it reatlily from 7'. bi~.keri, the more 

common speeies from the recent localit,y at Sayre~~ille." (Richards) 

Ranye I?L New Jersell- 

ItAKIl'AX: 1 ( ?) 

llAGOTEIT: 5 

T!jpe.-Cliffmood Point, X. J. XJSN 9533. 

Turritella lorillordensis Weller 1907 

I'late 51: Figures i, 13 

1'1trritella lorillnrden.si,s l\Teller, 1907, p. 703, p1. 79> figs. 10-12. 

I)escriptiow.-The dimensions of tha type specimen arc: height, 52 

mm.; maximum diameter, 19 mm. ; angle of divergence of the sicks, 2i0 ; 

number of \~olutions sho\vn, 10. Suture mo(1erately impressecl, situated 

in the bottom of an angular groove; volutions moclerately convex from 

suture to suture, the lo~ver half slightly more curved than the upper, 

and the largo volutions flatter than t,l~ose to\var(ls the apex of t,hc shell. 

Surface marked with fine revolving rills, eight or nine of ~vhicl~ are of 

nearly equal size and are at equal distances apart; on the lo~~er half of 

enell larger ~ol~~tion the first three or four interspaces betxveen the primary 

ribs arc occupied hy secondary ribs, one or two of ~vllich in the 

last volution of large indiri~lnals, become nearly as strong as t.hc primary 

ones; at the upper and lo~ver ~nargins of the \.elutions, on each of 

the s!opes into the sutural depression, there are tlro or tl~rce additional, 

smaller, revolving ribs, tllosc just helow the suture being some\r-hat more 

conspicuous than those above. On one individual somelr.hat larger than 



the type, there are upon the last volntion, from one to four adclitional 

raised, revolving lines in each of the interspaces between the larger 

ribs. The basal margin of the last volution is angular, and the lower 

side of the rfolution is 5at and marked mith t~bout eight or ten faint, 

raised, revolving lines. In the internal casts the sutural cavity is narrow, 

indicating a thin shell, the volutions towards the apex are convex? 

the more mature volutions becoming more and more quadrangular in 

cross-section. (Weller) 

Range in Neu~ Jersey- 

WOODBURY: 18,19, 20, 24 

Type.-Lorillard, N. J., NJSIZ. 

Turritella merchantvillensis Weller 1907 


Turritella nlerchantz;illensis, IVeller, 1907, p. 704, pl. 79, fig. 13. 

Turritella mef-cltantuGlensis, Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 50. 

Description.-The dimensions of a specimen incomplete at each extremity 

are : height, 60 mm. ; maximum diameter, 17 mm. ; angle of divergence 

of the sides about 10"; number of volutions shorr-n, 9. If t11e 

specimen were complete at the apical extremity, it would hc 75 mm. or 

more in length, mith about 15 volutions. Suture moderately impressed, 

situated in the bottom of an angular groove; the surface of the volutions 

moderately convex from suture to suture, the greatest diameter below 

the middle so that the slope of the lower half is more abrupt than that 

of the upper. Surface of the shell marked with 10 or 12 fine, raised, revolving 

costae, one of which, near the base of the volutions, is slightly 

stronger than the others; between the costae the surface is entirely 

covered with much finer, raised, revolving lines. The internal casts have 

a narrow, almost closed sutural cavity, indicating a thin shell, and they 

usually have a more or less indistinct, narrow, revolving band ahorc 

the middle of the volutions; surface of the volutions ~noderately eonvex, 

sometimes tending to become lnore flattened in the more maturc 

portions of the shell. (IVeller) 

Remarks.-The most common gastropod found in the llerchantville 

formation. Usual occurence is that of internal casts. 


MERCHANTVILLE : 8! 10,15,16,17 


Delaware. 

Type.- ? 


GASTROPODA 

Turritella marshalltownensis Weller 1907 

Plate 49, Figure 13; Plate 51, Figures 8, 10 

Ttirritella marshalltownensis Weller, 1907, p. 705, pl. 79, fig. 14. 

l'?irritella n~arshalltou~nensis Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 50. 

Desc:ription.-The dimensions of a specimen incomplete at each extremity 

and slightly compressed are: height, 60 mm.; maximum clia~neter, 

about 20 mm.; angle of divergence of the sides, about lZO, number 

of volutions shown, 7. If the specimen were complete to the apical extremity 

it mould be 75 mm. or more in length, with 15 or more volutions. 

Suture moderately impressed, situated in the bottom of a broadly angular, 

revolving groove; the surface of the volutions moderately convex, 

their greatest diameter at or a little below the mid-height. Surface 

marked by about 12 tine, revolving costae, between which, in the lo\vcr 

half of the volutioii at least, there are usually alternate smilller ones. 

Shell substance thin. (\\'eller) 

Rungo En Now Jerscy- 

~~I\RSIIALTJ~'OWN : 28 

Range outside R'equ Jersey- 

Delaware. 

1:ype.-S\~edesboro, N. J.; NJS317'715. 

Turritella bakeri R~icliards 1943 

I'l~tc 44, Figure :I 

Ttrrritclla bakeri Richards, 1943, p. 29, pl. 6, fig. 3. 

Doscription.-"Shell of medil~m size; spire high; whorls closely 

appressed, suture faintly impressed. Each whorl is ornamented with 

conspicuoos spiral rills, bearing regularly spaced blunt nodes. The 

interspeces vary in width and beer fine threadlike secondary lincs- 

usually four to six. These secondary lines are of varying intensity, 

there usually being one or two in each interspace much more conspicu- 

ous than the others. Aperture brolten in most specimens, but whcrc 

preserved appears to be broadly subovate." 

Length (Type NJSM 10575) (incomplete) 35.0 mm. 

Length (paratype ANSI' 15680) (incomplete) 36.0 mm. 

Re111arks.-"Resembles T. alacneili Stephenson dredged from Ban- 

quereau, Nova Scotia, hut has the individual whorls less conspicuous, 

less prominent sutures, and a smaller number of secondary interspatial 

lines. It is equally close to T. thon~asina Stephenson, also from Ban- 

quercau. It is also related to T. shuleri Stephenson from the Woodbine 

formation of Texas. According to Dr. Stephenson, these nodose species 

of Turritella are not known later than the basal Upper Cretaceous. 

This is one of the commonest species in the siderite layer at the 



Sayre and Fisher Pits, and it often occurs in large slabs. Ifany of the 

specimens are badly weathered." (Richards) 


RARITAN : la, lb 

Type.-Sayreville, N. J.; NJSbf 105i5 (Type) ; ANSP 15680 

(Paratype). 

Turritella bonaspes Gardner 1916 

Plate 46, Figures 1'1, 12 

Turritella sp. Weller, 1907, pl. 78, figs. 8, 9. 

Turritella bonaspes Gardner, 1916, p. 487,111.17, fig. 10. 

Remarks.-Garduer described this species from the Magothy forma- 

tion of the District of Columbia, and stated that it was closely related 

to and possibly identical with T. jerseyensis Wcller from the Ifagothy 

of New Jersey. The specimens figured by Weller which mere placed in 

the synonomy are from the Wenonah formation at Crawfords Corners, 

New Jersey. 

Type.-Good nope Hill, D. C. 

Family Modulidae 

Turbinopsis depressa Gabb 1861 


Turbinopsk depressa Gabb, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliil. (1861), 

p. 321. 

Modulus lapidosus Whitfield, 1892, p. 152, pl. 17, figs. 6-8. 

Turbinopsk depressa Weller, 1907, p. 794, pl. 98, figs. 6-11. 

Description.-The dimensions of one of the specimens, an internal 

cast, are: height, 14 mm.; maximum diameter of the outer volution, 

14 mm. Shell broadly umbilicate, with two or three volutions, spire de- 

pressed, suture about flush with the surface. Outer volution gibbous, 

its greatest width above the middle, periphery rounded, the upper and 

lower surfaces both convex, the slope of the upper surface to the suture 

more abrupt than the slope of the lower surfacc, contracted below to a 

very short anterior canal. Surface of the outer volution marked with 

revolving costae, probably about seven or eight in number, and by 

transverse ribs of about equal strength, with interspaces about equal 

to those between the revolving costae; the points of intersection of tl~c 

revolving and transverse ribs arc elevated into low nocles. Internal 

casts smooth or marked by more or less indistinct revolving ribs, thc 

surface rounded from the suture to the angular umbilical margin, the 

greatest thickness of the volution about its mid-height.; columellar 

cavity very broad, marked by a single strong and sharp revolving fold 

situated near the anterior margin. (Weller) 


Range in New Jerseu- 

fifERCHANTVIL1,E : 15 

WOODBURY: 20 

WENONAEI : 34 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 46,53 

Tupe.-Crosswicks, N. J.; ANSP 14968. 

New Jersey; ANSP 19456 (type of Modulus lapidosz~s). 

Turbinopsis angulata Whitfield 1892 


Tfcrbixopsis a?lgfrlata JVliitfield, 1892, p. 101, pl. 12, figs. 17-18, 

2'1rrbi?topsis angtrlata XVeller, 1907, p. 796, p1. 98, figs. 12-13. 

Descriptw?t.-"Sliell rather above the usual size, short conical, and 

rather obese in general form, obliqne as seen from the back; composed 

of two and a half or three volutions, which increase somewhat rapidly 

in size with increased growth; apical angle about 70' ; volutions ventri- 

cose, obliquely flattetie(1 on the upper side ant1 obtusely round-pointed 

below, with a quite distinct angulation at the upper third, or just ahove 

the upper third of the length as seen on the last one, and a less distinct 

one below the middle, dividing the body volution into three sections, of 

which the middle one is rather broader than the others and impercept- 

ibly flattened; above the body volution the whorls are marked by about 

eight vertical folds, or angulations representing folds, \\.liich do not 

extend to the suture line on the east, the only conclition in ~'liich it has 

been observed; aperture elongate ovate, largest below; colutnellar carit,? 

in the east of medium size, marked at the base by a distinct groove, ill- 

dicating the presence of a toothlike ridge on the shell showing the gen- 

eric position of the species; the surface has also been marked by spiral 

lines or ridges, 15 or more in number, on the last whorl ncar the lip, 

very perceptible on the surface between the whorls in the cast.'' (Whit- 

field) 

Rnngo in New .Terse?/- 

NAVESINK: ( ?) 20 

Tupe.-Crosswicks, N. J. ANSP. 

Turbinopsis curta Whitfield 1892 


l'trrbinopsis curta Whitfield, 1892, p. 102, pl. 12, figs. 3-6. 

? Tfrrbinopsis eleuata Whitfield, 1892, p. 102, pl. 12, figs. 10-12 (not 

figs. 13, 14). 

Turbinopsis ? curt@ Weller, 1907, p. 798, pl. 98, figs. 4-5. 

Description.-"Shell small, tnrbinate, with a short spire, showing 

in the cast only ahont three volutions in all, the last of which forms the 


CRETACEOlJS FOSSILS 

great bulk of the shell; volutions largest at the top and contracted helolv 

to the sharp base bordering the umbilical cavity ; this latter feature proportionally 

!vide, indicating a large umbilicus in the shell; aperture 

elliptical, sharply angular below and sharply rounded ahove; ohliqne 

and more ro~unded on the outer tl~an on the inner side; colnmellar lip 

not showing evidence of a tooth on the cast, and probably deqtitute of 

such appendage; casts s11olr.ing no indication of vertical foltls or re- 

~olving lines. " (IVhitfield) 

Range in New Jorse!y- 

Xt~T'ESTNIi: 20, 37, 47 

Type.-Crosswicks, X. 5.; 8NSP 14966. 

Turbinopsis ? major Whitfield 1892 


Ttcrbinopsis nta,jor IVhitfield, 1892: p. 103, pl. 12, figs. 15-16 (not figs. 

21-23 Anchirra nbrupta Conrad). 

Turbinopsis ? nlajor \TTeller, 1907, p. 799: pl. 83, figs. 7-8. 

Description.-The dimensions of the type specimen arc : height, with 

the spire incomplete, 27.5 mm.; probable total height, 32 mm.; maxi- 

mum diameter, 23 mm. l'olutions large, heary and massive, strongly 

rounded on the surface, and probably about five in number; spire short, 

the apical angle having been about 60°> making the height of the spire 

above the top of the body volution, when measured on the back of the 

shell, about equal to the length of the body volntion from that point 

downward ; aperture obliquely elliptical-ovate, as in other species of the 

genus; columcllar cavity in the cast very large, the lower edge being 

raised above the general surface, indicating a notch or groove at the 

base of the aperture in the shell, vith a rounded callosity ahove it, 

forming or representing the tooth or fold on the columellar. (Weller) 


NAVESINIC : 53 

Type.-Missing. 

Family Cerithiidae 

Cerithium pilsbryi Whitfield 1893 

l'late 50, Figure 10 

Corithiuiir Pilsbryi \TThitfield, 189.1, Xantilus: ~ ol. 7: pp. 38 and 51, p1. 

2. fig. - 3. 

Cerithiutn pilsbrya Weller, 1907, p. 708, pl. 81. figs. 3-5. 

Cerithizotn pilsbryi Gardner, 1916, p. 481. 

Cerithim~ pilsbryi Groat, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 50. 

Description.-"Shell elongate and slender; volutions numerous, 


GASTROPODA 

number not determined, very gradually cspanding with additional 

gro\vth; apes and aperture unkno\rsn. T'olotion slightly convex het~r.cen 

the sutures, and ornamented by a band of small oblique nodes immedi- 

ately helow the suture; also by a series of largcr vertical folds which 

extend across the esposed part of the volution, belo~rr the upper band 

of nodes, and numbering something more than half as many to the volu- 

tion as the nodes above. There are also very tine spiral striae almost 

too fine to be seen without magnifying. The lincs of gro\vth are fine but 

distinct, and take a broad s\\,ceping backxvard curve below the sutures." 

The dimensions of one of the most completc individuals observed, a 

specimen not complete to the aperture and 1sit11 the apex of the shell 

missing, are: height, 27 mm.; maximum diameter, 11 mm.; number of 

volutions showing 9, apical angle 23'. A specimen 18 mm. in length, 

with the apex nearly complete has nine volutions. (\TThitfield) 

1Zernnrk.s.-The internal casts are rather loose-coile~l, with low, 

somewhat indistinct vertical nodes, but not retaining any indication of 

the narrow, nodose, revolving band seen at the upper margin of the 

volution on the external surface of the shell. Good impressions of thc 

esterior of the shell are sometimes met with, and it is upon casts taken 

from such natural moulds that the external characters of the shell are 

best shown. The form of the aperture of the shell has not been observed, 

so that the generic relations of the shell cannot he deter~nined with certainty 

; it seems likely, holvever, that it is not a true Cerifhiio~~. (TVeller) 

Range in New dersey- 

IIERCEAXTVILI~E : 15, 17 

Ilange o~ctside New Jersey- 

DelaxrYare. 

Type.-lienola, N. J.; AXSP 36. 

Voysa ? cuniculana Stephenson 1954 


Vu!/su ? eu~;ioulaira Stephenson, 1954, p. 38, pl. 8, fig. 19. 

Description.-"The one available external mold of this species is 

from the southern pit of the New Jersey Clay Products Co. (USGS 

19014). Sl~ell sn~all with turreted spire of medium height, spiral angle 

about 26'. l'rotoconch not preserved. \Vhorls 5 or 6, closely appressed, 

suture deeply impressed. Body whorl with three strong, narro\r7 spiral 

ribs above the periphery, a weak spiral at the periphery, follo~~~c~l below 

on the base by a strong bifid spiral, a simple spiral of medium strength, 

and a \peak spiral at the lowest part shown in the cast. The periphery 

is rounded and the base steep. The three strong ribs on the body whorl 

above the periphery continue well developed rearvard on the flanks of 

the earlier whorls; the lower one is the largest, the middle one is of 

medium strength, and the upper one is the weakest. Transverse to the 


32 CRETBCEOUS FOSSILS 

spirals are nomerous, closely spaced sharp growth ridges vhich are 

most conspicuously developed where they cross the relatively wide in- 

terspaces. The trend of the groxvth ridges is conves tolvard the aperturt: 

on the base and broadly concave toward the apertnre above the peri- 

phery. The features of the aperture are not preserved. 

Dimensions of the holotype: Height 7 + mm, diameter 3.5 mm." 

(Stephenson) 

Remarks.-Related to 1'. ? cratictila from the \Voodl)i~~e of l'esas. 

Range in Now Jersoy- 

RARITAN: lb 

Type.-Sayreville, R. J. ; USNM 108670. 

Family tlporrhaidae 

Anchura rostrata (Gahh) 1860 

Plate 50, Figures 11, 12; Plate 53, Figure 1 

Rostellaria rostrata Gabb, 1860, Jour. Aead. Nat. Sei. Phil., 2nd sel.., 

vol. 4, p. 390, pl. 68, fig. 7. 

Alaria rostrata Whitfield, 1892, p. 119, pl. 14, figs. 5-6. 

Anchura rostrnta Weller, 1907, p. iO9, pl. 81, figs. 7-9. 

Anchzlra rostrnta Gardner, 1916, p. 471. 

Anehtcra rostrnfa Groot, Organist, and Ricliards, 1954, p. 51. 

Descriptio?~.-"Shell of only moderate size ; spire elevated, forming 

an apical angle of about 35", but somewhat variable in different speci. 

mens; whorls about sis in number, very slightly convex betrree~l the 

sutures, which are not very strongly marlzc

NAH : 34 

Range o~ctside New Jersq- 

Delaware, ilIississippi. 

Type.-Burlington Co., N. J.; ANSP 15048. 

Anchura pennata (IIorton) lS:.Il 

l'late 52, Figure 2; Plate 53, Figures 2, 6: i 

Rostollarin pennata IIorton, 1834, Synop. Org. Rem. Cret. Gr. lJ. S., 

p. 48, pl. 19, fig. 9. 

? Rostellaria cantpaeta Whitfield, 1892, p. 108, pl. 13, figs. 18-21. 

? llostellaria apirata TVhitfield, 1892, p. 109: ])I. 13, figs. 16-17, 

Anchnrapennnla Wlritfield, 1892, p. 115! pl. 14, fig. 7, ? fig. 8. 

? Anchnra (I)repanochil?is) conlprcssu \Vhitfiel(l, 1892, p. 117: 111. 1:i, 

figs. 22-25. 

Anclinra penantn \Vcller, 1907, 11. 'ill, pl. 81, figs. 10-17. 

tincl~nra pennrrtu Garclner, 1916, p. 472. 

A~~clizcra pes~~utu Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 51. 

Description.-"Sl~ell elongate, spire elevated and consistir~g of from 

six to seven voll~tions, wl~icl~ are only mocleratcly convex between t,lle 

suture lines, the latter being well marked bnt not deep; apical angle 

not more than 30°, but often less; last volution proportion;ltely large 

and with a somewhat extended rostra1 beak, slender and straigl~t; lip 

broadly esp*~nded ant1 extended in a narrow border along the side of 

the beak to a point opposite the base or swell of the volution, \\.llerc it, 

rapidly widens out into the broad wing-like lip, wllicll reaches someml~;~t 

over the next roli~tion above but apparently not forming a posterior 

canal. The outer posterior angle of the expanded portion is prolongcrl 

into a narrow, reeurretl, falciform process of greater or less extent; 

volutions marke[l by oblique longitudinal folds, n.hich extend from 

suture to suture on all the upper volutions, but become obsolete just 

above the mi(ldlc on the bocly portion of the last one, and are entirel?obsolete 

on the back of the expanded lip. On the upper volutions the 

folds are closely arranged, but on the lower they are more distant and 

lnore stror~gly marlred, while on the body part of the last one they are 

quite strong and almost node-like, even on many of the internal casts." 

(\TTl~itfield) 

Ranlarks.-~lccorcling to Garclner, \Vhitfield's figure 8 represents 

;L different species, but is too poorly preserved to be named. 

IInnge in N~ZU Jcrsey- 

TVOODBURY: 20 

AIT. LAUREL-NAT'ESINK: 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 49, 

50,53 



Range oi~lside New Jersey- 

Delaware, Maryland, Alabama. 

Type.-Prairie Bluff, Ala. ; ANSP 15042 : Crosswicks, N. J. ; ANSI' 

15011 (cotype of Rostellarie compacta); RIulliea Hill, K. J. ; ANSP 

15012 (cotype of R. compacta); Crosswicks, N. J.; ANSP 15014 (type 

of R. spirata). 

Anchura ? pergracilis Johilsor~ 1898 


Anchura pergracilis Johnson, 1898, Proe. Aca~l. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1898), 

p. 463, text fig. 2. 

Anchura pergracilis Weller, 1907, p. 713, p1.81, figs. 19-19. 

Anchura pergracilis Gardner, 1916, p. 476. 

Anchura P pergracilis Wade, 1926, p. 151, pl. 53, figs. 1-2. 

Descriptio~~.-"Shell fusiform, whorls convex, the body whorl with 

about 18 and the spiral whorls with 15 equidistant, flesuous, longitudinal 

ribs; numerous fine revolving lines, more prominent bctween the 

ribs and somerrhat obsolete on the angles of the ribs, cover the entire 

shell; suture deeply impressed. The length of the largest specimen 

(including the two apical whorls, which arc wanting), is about 20 mill.'' 

(Johnson) 

Remarks.-The type specimen of this species was a young intlividual 

upon which all of the older growth features had not developed. 

Rauge in Ncw Jersey- 

IlhGOTIIY : 5 

WOODBURY : 19,22 


Maryland, Tennessee. 

Type.-Jlt. Laurel well, N. J.; AXSP 692. 

Anchura solitaria \Vhitfield 1892 


Anchura solitrrria Whitfielrl, 1892, p. 117, pl. 14, fig. 9. 

Anchura solitaria \lTeller, 1907, p. 714, pl. 81, fig. 6. 

Anckura solitnl.rn Groot, Organist and Richards, 1951, p. 51. 

Description.-"Shell small, with an elevated spire of ahout six 

volutions, the dimensions of a very perfect specimen being: total height. 

from end of anterior canal to tip of spire, 32 mm.; height of spire. 15 

mm. ; diameter of outer volution, 11 mm. Outer volution produced an- 

teriorly into a rather long, slender anterior canal; the outer lip pro- 

duced postero-laterally into a long, slender slightly curved, spine-like 

process. The volutions of the spire moderately and regularly convex, 


GASTROPODA 

with moderately impressed sutures, marked by narrow, rounded, verti- 

cal nodes which extend from suture to suture, from 16 to 20 being pres- 

ent on each volution ; upon the outer volution the vertical nodes extend 

only about one-third of the length of the volution below the suture, and 

at their base, towards the aperture, a revolving angle is gradually de- 

veloped which continues into the spinelike lateral extension of tlie 

aperture." 

Ren1arks.-"Some impressions of the exterior of the shell show, in 

addition to the characters enumerated above, that the outer volution is 

nearly smooth for a distance below the revolving angular ridge, and 

then below this smooth area it is marked by rather fine revolving costae ; 

the entire snrfaee of the shell is marked by very fine revolving striae." 

(Weller) 

\\Teller's description was based on a very complete specimen, wherc- 

as that of Whitfield's type was very imperfect. 


AlERCHANTVILLE : 10 

Range oz~tsido Kew Jersey- 

Delaware. 

Type.-New Jersey: ANSP 1504i. 

Anchum abntpta Conrail 1860 


A.nekura abrupta Conrad, 1860, Jour. ilcad. Nat. Sci. l'l~il., 2nd ser., 

vol. 4, p. 284, p1. 47, fig. 1. 

Turbinopsis mujw Whitfield, 1892, p. 103, pl. 12, figs. 21-23 (not figs. 

15-16). 

Anehura abrupta? Whitfield, 1892, p. 113, pl. 14, figs. 1-3. 

Anchura abrupta var. aeutispira Whitfield, 1892, p. 114, pl. 14, fig. 4. 

Awhura pagodaformis Whitfield, 1892, p. 116, pl. 14, figs. 15-16, 

Rostellariu nobilis Whitfield, 1892, p. 186, pl. 23, figs. 16-17. 

Anckura abrt~ptaTVeller, 1907, p. 715, pl. 82, figs. 1-4 (not 5-G=A. kebe 

Whitfield) pl. 83, figs. 3-4. 

Anckura abrupta Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 51, pl. 6, 

fig. 10. 

Description.--Shell with a rather high spire having an apical angle 

of about 30°, and a comparatively short body volution, with a slender 

rostrate, anterior canal; the dimensions of a moderately large internal 

east retaining a little more than three volutions, and incomplete at both 

the apex and the anterior extremity, are: length, 51mm.; greatest diameter, 

30 mm.; height of aperture, 21.5 mm.; width of aperture, 10.5 

mm. If this specimen were complete it would have an additional height 

at the apex of about 20 mm., and an anterior beak about 30 mm. in 



length. The outer lip of the aperture is produced and terminates in t\vo 

unequal pointed proeesses--one directed forward and the otlier baek- 

ward. Surface of the shell marked by a rather strong, nodose, subangu- 

lar, revolving keel at a little above the mid-height of the outer volution. 

Upon the expanded portion of the outer lip this keel curves upward to 

the posterior process of the lip. Above and below the median keel the 

surface is marked hy moderately broad, rather depressed revolving ribs, 

and by less conspicuous vertical markings. On the internal casts, in 

which condition only the species has been seen in New Jersey, the sur- 

face is marked in the younger individuals by more or less indistinct re- 

volving and vertical ribs, which evidently were obliterated by the in- 

ternal thickening of the shell, since the larger individuals are all smooth. 

The aperture in the casts is narrowly subelliptical in outline, the outer 

side being a little more strongly curved than the inner. l'hc eolumellar 

cavity left in the casts is rather broad and is not marked by revolving 

folds. (Weller) 

Remarks.-New Jersey specimens have been observed only as in- 

ternal casts in which the apex and the outer lip of the aperture have 

been imperfectly preserved. 


MERCHANTVILLE : 13, 15 

WOODBURY: 20 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK : 40, 53 


Delaware, Alabama, Dfississippi. 

Type.-Tippah County, Mississippi. 

Anchura hebe (\VhitGeld.) 1892 

Plate 52, lfigures 4, 6, 7 

Rostellariu Ziebe \\'hitfield, 1892, p. 111, pl. 14, figs. 11-14. 

Anchura ubrupta Weller, 1907, (part) p. 715, pl. 82, figs. 5-6. 

Anchnra hebe Gardner, 1916, p. 475. 

Description.-"Shell moderately large, with an elongated conical 

spire and rather short body whorl; volution strongly rounded in tllc 

cast, number unknown but probably seven or more, the last one propor- 

tionately larger and more ventricose than any of the others; base short 

but somewhat extended near tllc columellar cavity, ml~ieh is rather 

large, showing the axis to have been strong; upper part of the body 

volution largest and lower part rounded ohconical, slight.ly cstendcd 

below; aperture, as shown by the cast, of but moderate size, narrowly 

elliptical in form, being nearly equally curved on the outcr and inner 

sides; the outer side a little the most strongly so; upper and basal angles 

of the aperture acute; the upper one extended upon the preceding 


GASTROPODA 37 

volution, causing the last volutiou, as it approaches the aperture, to 

overlap that one somewhat as in many of the Strontbidae. Columella 

smooth, without folds or ridges of any kind; suture between the coils 

of the cast strong and deep, but separated by only a narrow space, show- 

ing the shell at this part to have been thin; the surface of the shell has 

been marked by spiral bands of considerable width, hut their number 

is not determinable from the specimens at hand; there is, however, 

evidence of a quite strong one near the center of the volutions, and in- 

dications of several others, especially on the basal portion of thc last 

volutions, but not presenting any angulation as in Anchura." (Whit- 

field) 

Range in New Jorsey- 

MT. LAUREL-KAT'ESINK : 40, 53 

Range oz~tside Noto Jersey- 

Maryland 

Typo.-Mullica Hill, N. J. 

Anchum arenaria Morton 1834 


Rostellariu arenanun Morton, 1834, Synop. Org. Cret. Gr. U. S., p. 48, 

pl. 5, fig. 8. 

Anchura arenaria Whitfield, 1892, p. 112, pl. 14, fig. 10. 

Anehura are?lariu IVeller, 1907, p. 717, pl. 83, fig. 5. 

Description.-Shell rather strong and robust, about 50 mm. in 

length when complete and 24 mm. in width. Volutions probably four 

and one-half or five in number, strongly rounded, rapidly decreasing 

in size upward; suture strongly marlced; aperture narrow, the lip unknown, 

the rostrum apparently quite short. Each volution marked by 

10 or 12 vertical plications or folds, which are strongly marked npon 

the convex portion, hut become obsolete towards the sutures above and 

below, while on the body volution they are not visible below the upper 

two-thirds, the lower third being destitute of markings. On the outer 

half of the last volution the folds are indistinct or obsolete; the folds 

appear to have been somewhat sigmoidally curved in passing from 

above downward, being directed slightly forward below. (Weller) 

Remarks.-Morton's type specimen, which is unique, is an incomplete 

cast. 


NAVESINK: 53 

Type.-Mullica Hill, N. J. (?) ; ANSP 15008. 


1

CRETACEOljS FOSSILS 

Anchura johnsoni Stephenson 1923 t 


? Ancknra sp. Johnson, 1.898, Proc. Acad. h'at. Sci. Phil., for 1898, 

p. 463, test fig. 3. 

Snclcura johnsoni Stephenson, 1923, p. 3i0, pl. 92, figs. 1-4. 

dnchnra johnsoni Clroot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 51. 

Description.-"Shell of moderate size mith high spire and eight 

whorls. The apical angle is 40°, the sides of the spire maintaining approximately 

the same angle of clircrgcnce, or converging a little, giving 

a slightly inflated longitudinal profile. Sides of whorls nearly flat 

to slightly convex, and a littlc compressc~l helow the suture; suture 

moderately impressed. The larger whorls of the spire ornamented wit11 

14 to 16 strong, somewhat irregularly spaced, round crested, asial rihs 

mhich in trend are slightly concave to\vnrd the front; finer rihs can hc 

seen on the smaller ~rllorls ~vith the esception of the two srnootll nucn- 

I o r On the oppcr part of the body ~vhorl arc ahont 14 prominent 

longitudinal ribs mhich end rather abrnptly a little more than 

halfway to t,he base; th'csc are crossed by very fine spiral lines; thc 

lo~rer part of the ~ ~horl is marked by fine, rather distinct spiral ridges. 

The inner lip of the adult is thickened and spreads a little forward on 

the body mhorl. The outer lip espands into a prominent spur-like 

projection, at first broad and nearly horizontal, t,hen curving sharply 

upward and narrowing quickly to a point. On the lower eclge of the 

lip are t~ro minor projections, the inferior one of which is the largest. 

A distinct ridge traverses the outer surface of the main projection a 

little above the center, curving upward and extending to t,he farthest 

tip of the lip; this ridge fades out quickly where it passes backwarrl 

onto the body mhorl. Canal short, straight, and narrow. Aperture 

somewhat elongated, angulatcd above and below. Approsinlate dimensions 

of the type: Altitude 32 mm. ; greatest iliameter 11 mm. ; the altitude 

of one specimen in the collection is at least SO mm." (Stephenson) 

Remarks.-Johnson illustrated a portion of a shell from a well at 

Mt. Laurel, which prohably represents this species, hut ~rhich may 

represent a diffcrent growth stage than other reported specimens. 


\\'OODBURP: 22 

Range o~rtside New Jersey- 

Delaware, North Carolina, South Carolina. 

Tupe.-Snow IIill, K. G.; [JSXlf 31RiS. 

Anchura bakeri Richards 1943 


Alzcl~nra bakeri Richards, 1943, p. 27, pl. 6, fig. 2. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, spire elongate conical ; mhorls 


about six (estimated) ; very slightly convex; sutures slightly impressed. 

Top portion of type not preserved. I'rominent lateral ribs on each 

whorl, much more eonspieuous on all except penultimate. Because of 

the incomplete preservation of the type, it is impossible to estimate the 

number of ribs. However, they are slightly closer together and ap- 

parently more numerous than in A. pontana Stephenson. Tbe body 

whorl is covered with conspicuous spiral ribs separated by interspaces 

of irregular width. No riblets were observed in the interspaces. The 

crossing of the spirals and growth ridges produces a semi-eaneellated 

appearance, althougli this is less conspicuous than in A. pontana. Aper- 

ture not visible. The outer lip is extended to form a lip-like structure 

which, unfortunately, is not perfectly preserved. It apparently had 

much the shape of the outer lip of A. pontana. The shell is closely re- 

lated to A. pontana Stephenson from Banquereau, Nova Seotia, but 

has slightly coarser axial ribs, less caneellate appearance on the body 

whorl and outer lip and a less prominent suture. Length 39.0 mm.; 

greatest width (exclusive of outer lip) 16.0 mm." (Richards) 

Range in New Jerseg- 

RARITAN : 1 

Type.-Sayreville, N. J.; NJSRI 10448. 

Anchura mritanensis Richards 1943 


~Lnchura raritunonsis Richards, 1943, p. 27, pl. 5, fig. 15. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, spire elongate conical ; eight 

whorls, moderately convex; suture deeply impressed; protoeonch not 

preserved. Prominent ribs on each whorl, more conspicuous on the 

penultimate and antepenultimate. Because of the lack of a perfect 

specimen, it is impossible to determine the number of ribs. On the 

penultimate whorl they are approximately 2 mm. apart. A fair trace 

of spiral lines can be seen on the body whorl. The outer lip was ap- 

parently greatly expander1 to form a wing-like structure, character- 

istie of the genus. Most of this outer lip has been broken away; how- 

ever, notches where the lip was attached to the shell can plainly be seen 

on the left side of the shell. Length 41.0 mm. ; maximum diameter (ex- 

clusive of outer lip) 16.0 mm." (Richards) 

Remarks.-"It differs from A. bakeri in its much coarser axial ribs 

and apparently larger outer lip (as indicated by the notches)." 

Stephenson (1954) regards this as identical wit11 his A. pontana. 

Rangc in New Jersey- 

RARITAN : la 

Type.-Sayreville, N. J. ; NJSRI 10434. Sayreville, N. J. ; ANSP 

15676 (paratype). 


CRETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Pterocerella sp. 


Pterocerella tippnila, Weller, 1907, (part), p. 718, pl. 83, fig. 2. (not 

fig. l=type of P. pointsettiformis Stephenson; not P. tippana Con- 

rad 1868.) 

Pterocerella sp. Steplienson 1941, p. 310. 

Weller Considered an internal mold froni Crawfords Corner as he- 

longing to P. tippana (Conrad). Stephenson believes this specimen to 

be too poorly preserved for speeific identification. 


TI'ENONAEI : 40 

Family Nyctilochidae 

Triton lorillardensis Weller 1907 


Triton lordlardensis .2Vellei-, 1907, p. 725, pl. 84, figs. 5-6. 

Description.-The dimensions of tlie type specimen, with some res- 

toration, are: height, 25mm. ; height of spire, 14mm. ; greatest diameter, 

15 mm.; apical angle, about 40'. Shell with probably five or six volu- 

tions, the suture well defined, the outer volution produced below into 

a very short anterior canal. Surface of the volutions of the spire con- 

vex from suture to suture, the curvature a little flattened above, with 

about 12 strong subangular vertical nodes or varices upon each volu- 

tion, which extend from suture to suture and are separated by broad 

eoncave areas. Upon the outer volution t.he varices become obsolete be- 

low, and the surface becomes concave as it passes into the short anterior 

canal. Aperture suhovate in outline, somewhat oblique, pointed below, 

about twice as high as wide ; at the lower extremity of the columellar 

lip in the cast three notches can be detected which seem to indicate the 

presence of three somewhat obscure revolving columellar folds; the 

outer lip is marked by revolving ribs internally. The surface of tlie 

shell is marked by revolving costae about one millimeter apart, with 

the spaces between filled with exceedingly fine revolving lines; the cli- 

tire surface is also marked with exceedingly fine transverse lines of 

growth. (Weller) 

Ren~arks.-The type of this species consists of an incomplete in- 

ternal cast which has been restored to its normal form so far as pos- 

sible, and a partial impression of the exterior, which has furnished thc 

character of the finer surface markings. Upon the casts the vertical 

nodes are well shown, but are broader and rounder than on the shell 

itself, and the stronger revolving costae are present to\vards the aper- 

ture. 



WOODBURY: 18 

Type.-Lorillard, N. J. ; NJSM 9510. 

Triton praecedens Whitfield 1892 

Plate 54, Fiyres 5, 6 

Tviton (Epidromzis) praecedens Whitfield, 1892, p. 58, pl. 5, figs. 6-7. 

l'n'ton praecedens Weller, 1907, p. 726, pl. 84, figs. 7-8. 

Descriptton.-"S11ell small and moderately slender, spire elevated. 

longer than, or about equal to, the length of the body volution and an- 

terior beak, as viewed from the back of the shell; apical angle of the 

spire between 30' and 35' ; volutions quite ventricose, with strongly 

marked sutures; principal variees oecuring at about every two-thirds 

of a volution, but with secondary varices between, visible on the east5 

hut not definitely enough to give a positive idea of their exact number, 

yet apparently three on the body volntion; each of the principal varices 

marked by about seven well defined depressions on the back, indicating 

that number of spiral ridges on the shell and protuberances on the in- 

ner margin of the lip; aperture of medium size, semi-lunate, the outer 

lip only moderately expanded; columella slender, and anterior beak 

of moderate length ; number of volutions not definitely ascertained, as 

the specimens arc imperfect." (Whitfield) 


MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 46,49,53 

7'ype.-Mnllica Dill, N. J. 

Trachytriton ? atlanticum Whitfield 1892 

Plate 57, Figures 12,13; Plate 64, Figure 4 

Trachytriton atlanticum Whitfield, 1892, p. 59, pl. 5, figs. 8-11. 

Trachytriton ? atlanticum Weller, 1907, p. 727, pl. 84, figs. 11-14. 

Description.-"Shell small, the casts seldom reaching a length of 

more than an inch and a quarter; spire with an apical angle of about 

40" to 45" ; volutions four and a half to five in number, rather convex 

and moderately distinct, the sutures in the cast being distinct and the 

spaces left by the removal of the shell quite considerable; last volution 

large, forming more than half the entire length, and being as lonz bc- 

low the point of greatest diameter as the length of the spire above, giv- 

ing an equally biconical or fnsiform feature to the east, with a moder- 

ately long and somewhat curved beak and canal; aperture large, pointed 

above auil slightly extended below; narrow-elliptical in outline, with 

the outer margin rather more convex than the inner one; lip of the 

outer volution apparently slightly deflected; the surface of the volu- 

tions have been marked by revolving lines, at least in the lower part. 

as is shown by their remains on the surfaces between the volutions of 



the cast; and by proportionally strong, vertical folds, three of which 

in each volution have been stronger than the one or two intermediate 

ones. and have left their deeper impression both on the surface of the 

cast and on the imprint of the exterior, as seen between the whorls." 

(Whitfield) 

Remarks.-In his illustrations of this species, Whitfield made the 

vertical ribs of the shell much more conspicuous than they really are 

upon the specimens. It does not seem to be altogether certain that the 

generic reference of the species is correct, the strongly defined pitted 

f~lrrows upon the internal casts, left, by the denticulate internal varices, 

which are said by Meek to be so characteristic of the genus, are not 

present at all upon the New Jersey specimens of either this spec.. '~es or 

of I he others referred to the genus by Whitfield. (Weller) 

Range in A'ew Jersey- 

>IT. LAUREL-XArESIIi : 37,13, 46, 47 

7'ypc.-Cross~~~ieks Creek. N.JSM 7652. 

Trachytriton ? holmdelense Whitfield 1892 


Trachytrzton ? Holmdelenre Whltfield, 1892, p. 60, pl. 5, figs. 16-17. 

Trachytr~ton ? holmdelense Weller, 1907, p. 728, pl. 84, figs. 9-10. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size; spire moderately elevated, 

having an apical angle of 50' or over ; is composed of about fivc ver? 

rotund volutions, and forms fully two-thirds of the entire length of the 

east when viewed from the back of the specimen; below the point of 

greatest diameter the cast is short and the beak only slightly extended 

bcyond the general rotundity of the body volution; suture lines between 

the volutions in the cast clear, distinct, and deep; aperture 

rather broadly elliptical; rounded above; slightly pointed below and 

straightened on the inner side helolv the middle of its height; columella 

moderately strong and smooth; surface of thc cast marked by vertical 

folds, 13 or 14 to the volution; these folds distinctly ber~d backward in 

the middle in crossing the xvhorl, and arc again directed forward helo\v, 

forming a broad sinuosity in crossing the whorl; no evidence of revolving 

lines disccrnihlc on any of the specimens." (Whitfield) 


A'AVESINK : 41 

Type.-Holmdel, X. J.; SJSJI 8734. 

Trachytriton ? multivaricosum Whitfield 1802 


Tracl~ytriton P multicaricoszcm Whitfield, 1892, p. 61, pl. 5, figs. 12-13? 

14-15. 

Trachytriton ? nrnltivaricos~~m Weller, 1907, p. '729, pl. 94, figs. 15-15. 


Description.-"Shell of ~oedion~ size and rather vcntrieose, \\,it,h an 

elevated spire, mhich is conlposed of rounded and ventricose ~,olntions, 

and has an apical angle of about 50'; volutions four and a half or five 

in the cast, the nnmber not (lefinitcly lmo\~.n, the specimens being imperfect 

at the apes; sutures very distinct and marked; body volution 

proportionally large and full, especially in the upper part, and sligl~tly 

extended below; the beak rather long, slightly t\visted, and proridcd 

with a rather large canal; aperture large, elongat,e-elliptical, acute 

above and extended bc!ow, the length ahout three times the width; 

columclla, as sho\vn by t,he cavity left by its removal, rather st,rong and 

perfectly smooth; surface of the cast showing remains of numerous 

closely arranged, vertical folds, marlzing the upper portion of the vo- 

Intions, but becoming indistinct on the outer Ilalf of the last one; three 

of these on each volution slightly stronger tllan the others; also, marlze~l 

by spiral lines or ridges, mhich have left deep groovcs on the inner surface 

of the volutions of the cast, and also mark the onter half of the 

body whorl, becoming quite (listinct on the margin of t,llc lip, indic;lt,ing 

crcnnlations or de~ltieulations on its inner snrface." (TIThitfield) 

Remarks.-TVliitfield's figures of the species cause the vertical no~les 

and the revolving costae near the npertl~re to appear to be clcarcr than 

they are on the actrlal specimens. 

Range in New Jemey- 

NAVESINK : 47 

1'ype.-Cross!ricks Creeli near Ne~r Egypt; X.lSAZ 7653. 

Family Strombidae 

Pugnellus densatus (Conrad) 1858 


Sfron~bz~s densutlrx Conrad, 1856, .Tour. 11cad. Nat,. Sci. Phil., 2nd scr.: 

vol. 3, p. 330, pl. 35, fig. 14. 

Pxgnellz~s densatas, T\'eller, 19Oi, p. 720, pl. 83, fig. 6. 

Pugne1l.m densaltis, Gardner, 1916, p. 468. 

Pzcgnellus dewatns Wade, 1926, p. 148, pl. 52, figs. 4.5. ( ?=P. dcnsntns 

var. fide Stephenson, 1941, pl. 311). 

Description.-Internal casts of meilium size, snborate in form, tlie 

dimensions of a nearly complete one bcing; height, 35 mm.; greatest 

diameter, 20 mm. ; lieight of aperture, about 22 mm. ;width of aperture, 

7.5 mm. Volntions about four in number, the suture well defined, the 

height of the spirc less than one-11;llf the total I~eight of the shcll. Volntions 

of the spire gently convex and nearly vertical for tvo-thirds of 

this height from the snture belo\\., curving rnucl~ more strongly above 

to the upper suture. Surfacc of the cast \r.ithout xvell-defined markings. 

(Weller) 


WOODBURY: 22 

TVENONAH : 40 




North Carolina, Sout,h Carolina, ICississippi, Alabama. 

Type.-Owl Creek, Tippah Co., Miss.; ANSP 15016. 

Rostellaria curta Whitfield 1892 


Rostellaria curta Whitfield, 1892, p. 109, pl. 13, figs. 9-13. 

Rostellaria curta Weller, 1907, p. 721, pl. 83, figs. 9-13, 

Description.-"Shell small and co~nparatively short for a species of 

the genus; spire short, the apical angle being about 45' in some spccimens, 

and in other individuals rather less; volutions convex, four or 

five in number, only four in the casts; suturcs deeply marked, indicating 

a comparatively thick shell; hody volution large, half as long as 

the entire length of the cast, or sometimes three-fifths of the entire 

length; base of the hody volution estended in front; aperture equaling 

one-half the length of the cast; elongate elliptical in outline, acuta at 

the upper angle and thc margin extending above the line of the suture 

~vhere the lip has extended upon the preceding volution ; lower margin 

of the aperture prolonged and narrow; outer margin more convex than 

the inner; columellar cavity rather large, indicating a strong :and 

thickened columella, which has been smooth and ~vithoat any indications 

of folds or markings; surface of the volutions marked by distant 

but not very strong vertical folds, which are only seen on the internal 

cast upon careful examination; surface of the shell and features of the 

lip and posterior canal unknown. " (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-Similar to Prifust~s clevata (TVhitfield) hut Rostella~.ia 

eurta is smaller and has a more pointed and shorter spire. Weller mcntioned 

that Whitfield's fig. 10 overcmphasized the revolving costae 

near the aperture. 



Type.-Crossxvicks Creek; XJSJI 7636 

Rostellaria fusiformis Whitfield 1892 


Rostellaria fusiformis Whitfield, 1892, p. 130, p1. 13, figs. 14-15. 

Rostellaria fusifonnis Tl'eller, 1907, p. 722, pl. 83, figs. 16-17. 

Description.-"Shell small, slender and fusiform; spire clevated 

and slender, the apical angle being about 20" or 25' ; volutions slender, 

slightly convex on their exposcd surfaces; four only prescrvc(1 in the 

cast. but there hare been four or five more above, making eight or more 

in all; body volution greatly prolonged in front, forming n long slenrler 

beak with a proportionally strong axis. leaving quite a good-sized axial 


cavity in the cast; aperture long and narrow, pointed above and below, 

the upper canal being extended upon the preceding volutions to an 

unknown extent; volutions marked by numerous, closely-arranged, 

vertical folds, 12 or niore to the ~~horl." (Whitfield) 

Ren1arks.-Similar to Rostellaria ctlrla Whitfield but more slender. 

Eange in New Jersey- 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK : 47, 53 

Type.-Crosswicks Creek ; NJSN 7638. 

Rostellites textumtus l\rliitficl~l 1892 


12ostellites Texanz~s Conrad, 1868, Cook's Geol. N. J., p. 730, not R. 

Tcza?lus Conrad 1855. 

Rostellites texturatus Whitfield, 1892, p. 88, pl. 11, figs. 5-6. 

Ilostellifes tezturnfvs \\'ellei-, 1907, p. 785, 111. 96, figs. 12-13. 

Description.-"Shell ratllcr large, very elongate, elliptical in outline, 

pointed at each extremity, spire very short, conical, with scarcely 

convex volutions, three or four in number; body volution large forming 

about six-sevenths of the entire length, very gently convex throughout 

its entire lengtli, except near tlie anterior end, where it becomes very 

slightly recor~.cd; aperture very large, 11ut narrow, aciite above and 

below; coliimellar plaits ~iiilinown ; surface of the shell marlied by spiral 

ridges and by vertical lines; the former much tlie stronger and alternating 

in size where preserved sufficiently well to shorn; the vertical 

lines cut the spiral ridges so as to break them into nodes on the outer 

sl~ell." (Whitfield) 

Ronrar1cs.-"This species cliffers from R. uas~ct~cs ancl R. angt~latus 

especially in the proportionally shorter spire, in the more symmetrical 

body voliition, and in the greater strength of the markings of the shell. 

I11 general it seems to bc more ehnracteristic of the Merchantville clay, 

~vbile the others occur most commonly in the Navesink marl." (Weller) 


&lERCIIANTVILLE : 15 

NAVESINK: 41, 43 

Type.-Holnrdcl, Freeholrl. 

Rostellites nasutus (Gabb) 1860 

Plate 56, Figure 9; Plate 61, Figure 10 

Volutdithes nasuta Gabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd scr., 

vol. 4, p. 300, pl. 48, fig. 9. 

Rostellites nasutus TVhitficld, 1892, p. 86, pl. 11, figs. 1-2. 

Rostellites nasutus Weller, 1907, p. 786, pl. 97, figs. 1-2. 


46 CKI~3'I':\C1101JS FOSSILS 

Rostellites nasutus Gardner, 1916, p. 422. 

Rostellites na.stcttrs Groot, Organist, and Ilichards, 1954, p. 52. 

Description.-"Shell of moderately large size, sometimes attaining 

a length of nearly or quite 5 inches. lhrm slender, with a proportioally 

short, turreted spire, varying from two-thirds of the length of the 

body volution in the casts to not more than one-third in the shell itself; 

number of volutions uncertain, the type specimen having had about 

four; hotly volution slender, most ventricose near the upper part, 

marked by numerous spiral ridges with broader interspaces which have 

possibly been marked by smaller ridges between the large ones; the 

upper lines nearly parallel to the suture, but below they become more 

and more oblique, so that the lower ones L~ecome nearly parallel with 

the columella; aperturc cou~paratively broad and the lip thin ; eoluniella 

marked by three or four very ohliqnc folds, situated uear the middle 

of its length; the upper three at equal dist.ances fro~n each other ant1 

the lower one a little more distant from the next above." (Whifield) 


MERCI-IANTVI1,LE : 15 

IVOODBURY: 20 

BIT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 47 

Ran!le outside New Jersey- 

Delaware, Alabama. 

Type.-Cross~vicks, N. J.; ANSP 14415. 

Rostellites angulatus Whitfield 1892 


Rostelliles angztlati~s IIrhit6eld, 1892, p. 88, pl. 11, figs. 3-4. 

Rostellites ang?dufzcs IVcller, 1907, p. 767, p1. 97, figs. 3-4. 

Descriptio?z.-"Shell moderately large and proportionally slender, 

with an elevated spire, as shown by the cast, the only condition in which 

it has been recognized; body volution forming the great bulk of the 

shell, and thc aperture equaling more than one-half of the entire length; 

volutions probably five or morc, flattened on their surfaces with abrupt 

scalariform sutures; last volution flattenccl or obscurely concave below 

the suture for nearly one-half the length, and abruptly contracted 

below, forming an undefined mgle a little above the middle of the 

length of the volntion, and estendetl below int:o a more or less slender 

columella; aperture narrow and pointed above, broad ant1 somewhat 

effuse below; colu~nella marked by four strong oblique folds, t,he lower 

one of mhiel~ is more distant from the nest above than are the others 

from each other; surface features unlmo~m." (Whitfield) 

Range in Xcw Jerscy- 

11IT. LAUREL-NAVESINK : 37 

Type.-New Jerscy (Atlantic Highlilnds 1) ; ANSP 143!11. 


Family Cypraeidae 

Cypmeu mortoni Gabb 1860 


Cypraoa Xortoni Gahb, 1860, Jonr. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., rol. 

4, p. 391, p1. 68, fig. 9. 

Cypraea (Aricia) Nortoni Whitfield, 1892, p. 120, pl. 15, figs. 1-3. 

Cyprnen tnortoni JVeller, 1907, p. 722: pl. 84, figs. 1-2. 

Description.-The type specimen is 17 mm. long and 13 mm. wide; 

it is broadly ovate in outline; the spirc is flat and the cast is most rentricose 

about one-third of its length from that end, with a slight indication 

of angularity at the point of greatest diameter on the outer half of the 

last volution. The outer lip sho~vs the infolding to a slight extent, hut 

there are no indications of the fine crenulations of the lip nor of thc 

opposite side of the apcrture mentioned in the original description. 

This character \\.as probably seen only upon thc southern spccimcn, 

xvhich was also included among the types of the species. Thc exterior 

of the cast is entirely smooth. 

Remarks.-Gabh's type specimen is so i~nperfectly preserved that 

s~~ecific characters arc difficult to detect. 


&IT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 37, 57 

Range oz~tside A'ew Jersey- 

Alabama. 

Type.-Burlington County, N. J.; AKSP 13537; Prairie BlutF, 

Ala. ; ANSP 13535. 

Family l'yropsidae 

Hercorhynchus jerseyensis \\Teller 190i 


Hercorhynckz~s jerseyensis Weller, 1.907; p. 737, pl. 85: figs. 18-22. 

Description.-The dimensions of the type specimen are: height, 29 

mm. ; height of spire, 7 mm. ; greatest diameter, 17.5 mm. ; apical angle 

about 75". Shell pyriform with four or fire oolutions, the outer volution 

produced below into a rather short, curved anterior canal; suture 

moderately impressed. The volntions of the spirc subangular about 

midway hetween the sutures, the angolation marked with obscure nodes, 

both angulation and nodes being ohsolete on the higher volutions. Body 

volntion with a rather finely nollose revolving ridge or shoulder below 

the suture, just below which at the line of greatest diameter of the volution, 

is a row of rounded nodes, about 18 in number, with the intervening 

spaces about eqnaling in width tire nodes themselves, some of 


48 CIIETACEOUS FOSSILS 

the nodes are produced below for a short distance as obscure, rounded 

ridges; between the sutural ridge or shouldcr and the row of nodes, 

the surface is concave; below the row of nodes the surface is broadly 

and regularly convex, becoming concave below as it passes into the an- 

terior canal. Surface ornamented by obscure lines of growth which 

show a broad but slight sinuosity beneath the suture. Columella with 

two faint revolving folds. (Weller) 

Remarks.-"The best specimen of this species which has been ob- 

served consists of a nearly complete internal cast with a partial mould 

of the exterior from which a plaster cast has been taken. Only the 

larger nodes, those near the aperture, are visible upon the cast. The 

species is especially characterized by its curved anterior canals. The 

folds of the columella are seen only as impressions in the cast;, and are 

almost too faint to be detected except when the specimen is held in a 

certain position. 

This species resembles Strepsidzcra tippana Conrad, a species which 

mas afterwards placed by the same author in his genus Hercorhynchus. 

The New Jersev shell differs from this form, however. in the absence of 

spiral markings." 


MAGOTHY: 5 

Type.-Cliffwood, New Jersey. 

Napulus retifer (Gahb) 1860 


Pustis retrfer Gabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., vol. 4, 

p. 301, p1. 48, fig. 11. 

Pyropsis retifer Whitfield, 1892, p. 38, pl. 2, figs. 1-4. 

Doli?ml. (Doliopsis ?) multiliratum Whitfield, 1892, p. 121, pl. 15, 

figs. 4-6. 

Pl~ropsis retifer lTTeller, 1907, p. 749, pl. 88, figs. 7-13, 

Pyropsis rctifer Gardner, 1916, p. 452, pl. 15, figs. 9-10. 

h'ap~clzcs retifor Stephenson, 1941, p. 318. 

Description.-"Shell small, pyriform or without the anterior cant11 

sltbglobular in form, the dimensions of a large individual being; height. 

22 mm., or probably 25 mm., if the anterior beak were complete; marimum 

diameter, 18 mm., height of spire, 6 mm. Volutions about three, 

rounded, ventricose and rapidly increasing in size, rapidly contracting 

below to the short anterior beak, spire low, conical, sutures well marked 

in the cast; aperture large, subcircular on the outer margin, about tmothirds 

as high as the total height of the shell; columcllar cavity in the 

cast rather narrow. Surface of the casts marked by 8 or 10 spiral ridges 

upon the body volution, placed at nearly equal intervals, also by fainter 

vertical ridges which appear usually to have been placed at nearly 


eqnal intervals to those of the spiral rid& though occasionally they 

are somewhat closer. Upon the external surface, as shown in impressions 

of the outside, the revolving and vertical ribs are much more consl)ienol~s 

than on the casts, their intersections being marked by small 

rounded nodes." (Weller) 


IVEiYONAH: 34 

MT. LAUREL-XATESINK: 38,39,46,47,53 

Rarigc outside New Jersey- 

Maryland. 

Type.-3lullica Hill, N. J.; ANSI' 13936. 

Napulus whitfieldi (Weller) 1907 

I'late 55, Figure 8 

Pyropsis octolirata \Vhitfielcl, 1892, 1). 36, 111. 2, figs. 8-9 (not fig lo= 

Xapulus octolirata Conrad 1858.) 

I'yropsis whitficldi Weller, 1907, p. 750, p1.88, figs. 14-16. 

Pyropsis whitficldi Gardncr, 1916, p. 451. 

1Vapulas wh.itfieldi Stephenson, 1941, p. 318. 

Description.-"Shell small, subglobular or suhpyriform in form, 

with about three, ventrieose, rapidly expanding volutions; the dimen- 

sions of a nearly completc internal cast being; height, 19.5 mm., which 

might be increased to 25 nnn. if the anterior canal were complete; mini- 

nrum rliameter, 16 mm. ; height of spire 5.5 mnr. Spire lo\!.-conicill ro111- 

tions distinctly flattened adjacent to the sutnre, marked by from six to 

nine spiral ridges or costae upon the casts, which are crossed by vertical 

ridges at about equal intervals or slightly more distant than the spiral 

lines, the two sets of markings dividing the surface into a narnbcr of 

square, depressed spaces; anterior beak short, apparently straight, i~nd 

rather pointed ; aperture elongate, pointed above and below, about half 

as wide as long. In the casts the suture is distinct and often strongly 

markcd." (Weller) 



Type.-Walnford, N. J.; NJShI 7631. 

Napulus octoliratus (Conrad) 1858 


Pictrs octoliratus Conrad, 1858, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., 

vol. 3, P. 332, . PI. 35. fie. 6. 

* . - 

Pyropsis octolirata Whitfield, 1892, (part) p. 36, pl. 2, fig. 10 (nnt 

figs. 8-9=Napull~s whitfieldi \\Teller). 


50 CRErl';\CEOUS FOSSILS 

Pyropsis octolirutu \\Teller, 1907, p. 751, pl. 88, figs. 17-18, 

A'apz~lzis octoliratz~s Stephenson 1941, p. 318. 

Xapallis octolivatlls Uroot, Organist and Richards, 1954, y. 51, pl. 6, 

fig. 8. 

Description.-"Sllell pyriform or, esclusive of the anterior canal, 

subglobular in form, consisting of three or fonr volutions, the outer 

one of which is proclucetl in front in an elongate anterior canal; imperforate; 

suture slightly impressed; the dimensions of a solne~vl~at 

incomplete intenlal cast are: total height, 20 mm.; height of spire, 4 

mm. ; masimam diameter of outer volution, about 14 mm. Outer volution 

regularly rounding from the suture to the base of the anterior 

canal, marl;e(l by eight or nine spiral ribs, one of which on the upper 

side, about half way bet\'cen the periphery and the suture, is slightly 

nodose, the strongest costae are those upon and just below the periphery; 

on the upper side, bctrvecn the nodose rib and the suture, is a 

single faint rib. On the internal cast the revolving ribs are much fainter 

than upon the sllcll itself; and the nodes of the uppermost costa are 

not shown." (TVeller) 

Range in A'ew Jersey- 

\VOOL)UUHI' : 18, 23 

1fa11ge or1.1side Xe~u Jersey- 

Dela~rarc, Nississippi. 

Type.-'I'ippah Count,y, Blississippi. 

Napulus lenolensis (\\Teller) 1907 


Pyropsis /e,to!ensis \Vcller, 1907, 11. '752, pl. 88, figs. 20-24. 

Pyropsis Ic~~olcnsis Gardner, 1'316, p. 453, pl. 16, fig. 3. 

Napul?~s Ic~~olei~sis Stephenson, 1941, p. 318. 

Descriptio?t.-"Shell small and, exclusive of the anterior beak, subglobular 

in form, with about fonr ~olutions; the dimensions of a nearly 

complete individual are; height 13 mm., probable height, if anterior 

beak were complete, 18 mm. ; maximum diameter, 11.5 rum.; height of 

spire, 4 mm. The volutions distinctly flattened above in a spiral band 

just below the suture, the outer margin of the flattened band being 

elevated in a moderately strong revolving rib, below this rib the outer 

rolution is nearly regularly conves to the base of the anterior canal 

which is rather elongate and slender; surface of the outer volution 

marked by about six or seven strong, relrolving ribs bet,ween the outer 

margin of the flattened band above and t.he base of the anterior beak, 

the outer half of the volution being also marked by several, rather 

strong, vertical rarices which are about twice as far apart as the revolving 

ribs, these varices do not cross the flattened band above, and at 

their junction with the revolving ribs they are elevated into rounded 


nodes; entire surface of the shell also marked by solnewhat irregular, 

transverse lines of growth. On the internal casts the transverse varices 

are well marked, but the revolving ribs are faint except at the junction 

with the varices; the colmnellar cavity narrow." (Weller) 


MERClIANTVILLE : 15, I6 

Range ot~tsidc New Jersey- 

Delaware. 

?'!/l~c.-l~cno:a, S. ,I. ; K.IS>I 9001 (Cotypc) 

Pyropsis richordsoni (Tuomey) 1854 ? 


I'yrula Richurdso~~i Tnomcy, 1654, I'roc. ~icad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 

7, p. 169. 

Pyropsis richord.soni Weller, 1907, p. 739, pl. 66, figs. 2-5 (part). 

Remarks.-\\'eller refers several specimens to P. richuvdso~~i. tIo\\.ever, 

since Tuomey's species is based upon less t,han two lines of dcscription 

with no figure, it seems unwisc to refer tlic Xew Jersey spccimens 

to this species. The Xew Jcrscy specimens are poorly prcscrvccl 

and it ~vould probably he better to refer them to P. perlata Conrad or 

P. trocltiforntis (Tuomey), as suggested by Gardner (1916, p. 445, 

447). I-Io~rww-, a rnore accurate determination of the Sew Jersey specimens 

must a~~ait a dctailccl study of 8111 eastern ilmcrican sl~ecies of 

Pjropsis. 

Pyropsis pyruloidw (Gabh) 1860 

Plate 5.5, Figurc 7 

Rupa pyruloiilen Cabh, 1860, l'roc. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phil. (1860), 1). 94, 

pl. 2, fig. 4. 

Pyrifi~szcs pl~rz~loides \Vhitfield, 1892, p. 53, 111. 4, figs. 12-1.3. 

Pyropsis pyruloidea IVeller, 1907, p. 742, pl. 86, figs. 6-7. 

Description.-"Shell turbinate, with a very low spire consisting of 

little more than three volutions, which increase rapidly in size with thc 

growth of the shell, the outer volution comprising the greater bull< of 

the shell. Aperture very large, suhovatc in outline cscept as it is moflified 

on the inner side by the previous rolution, vides st at the upper third 

of its height and sharply pointed anteriorly. The colnmellar cavit,y in 

the casts proportionally broad, with no impressions of revolring folds. 

Tlie surface of the hody volution of the casts marked by rather obscure 

vertical folds on its upper part, seven of which may he counted on the 

outer half of the volution. The fragment of shell which remains on the 

specimen is marked by strong, somcvhat irregular lines of groxth, 



which are gathered in groups on the upper portion of the volution to 

form the vertical folds which are visible also in the cast." (Weller) 

Remarks.-Type specimen is unique. This is "a well-marked spceies 

and may be recognized by its lorn bpire and large body rolution with 

the greatest diameter high up and the base pointed. The cast resen~hles 

in some degree small individuaLs of P. trochifomis, but it is more 

elongate. The type specimen seems to show an indefinite revolving line 

on the outside of the shell about two-thirds of the distance b~ttmcen thc 

suture and the anterior extremity, ~ hich is also recognizable upon the 

cast as a faint, impressed band." (Weller) 


NAVESINK : 57 

Type.-Burlington Co., N. J.; ANSI' 13764. 

Pyropsis septernlirata (GII~~I) 1860 

Plate 55, Figure 14; Plate 56, Figures 1, 2 

Ca?bcellaria septenilirafa Gabb, 1860, Proc. Acacl. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1860) 

p. 94, pl. 2, fig. 10. 

Pgropsis (Rapa ?) septen~lirata Whitfield, 1892, (part) 1). 44, pl. 3, 

figs. 4-6 (not figs. 7-8). 

Pyropsis septen~lirata Wellet, 1907, (part) p. 744, pl. 86, figs. 8-10, p1. 

88, figs. 14. 

Pyropsis septemlirata Gardner, 1916, p. 449. 

Description.-"The dimensions of a nearly complete internal cast 

arc: height of specimen as preserved, 42 mm.; probable total height, 47 

mm.; maximnnl diameter of the outer rolotion: 33.5 mm. Shell with 

about three volotions, the spire lorn, the suturc c;~nalicnlatc with a wicle 

and deep, subrectangular delwession. Onter rolution gibbons above, 

abruptly contracted and produced into a long anterior canal belolv, 

the upper half of the gibbons portion much more strongly convex thai~ 

the lower half. Surface marlced by strong revolving cost;te or ridges! 

about eight or ten in numbcr, separated by mucl~ bro;~dcr (lcpressions: 

the first ridge borders and slightly overhangs the deep sutural depression, 

the second and perhaps others are somewhat nodose, and all are 

more or less rugose because of the rather coarse transverse lines of 

growth. The surface of the internal casts is smooth, ~ it,h four or fire 

rather obscure revolving angles, and wit,h a broad, suturl~l cavity." 

(Weller) 

Remarks.-"The characters of the outer surface of the shcll 11;lre 

been determined from plaster casts talccn from natural moulds of thc 

shell, of which several incomplete ones have been studied. The species 

is especially characterized by the strong and deep sutural furrow or 

fossula, and the strong revolving costae. . . .Gabb's specimens were all 

internal casts, so that the remarkable sutural groove is not sho~vn upon 


GASTROPODA 

them. The sharply (lefined columellar fold, indicate~l in Gabb's orig- 

inal illustration of the species, does not exist in the specimen. Different 

individuals of the species vary somewhat in the height of the volutions, 

but the abrupt contraction to the anterior canal is characteristic. . . . 

The exact number of revolving costae upon the surface of the shell lias 

not been determined with certainty, indeed there is probably some 

slight variation in the number in different individuals, and in all the 

specimens observed they seem to have been eroded or otherwise de- 

stroyed except towards the aperture." (Weller) 

"\Vhitfield is incorrect in his observation of a colulnellar folcl. The 

inner lip is non-plicate." (Gardner) 


3lT. LAUR,EL-NAVESINK: 37,41,53 

Range uutsirle iVcw Jcrsey- 

Maryland ? 

Type.-Mullica Hill, N. J. ; ANSP. 

Pyropsis corrina Whitfield 1892 


Pyropsis (Rapa 9) corrina Whitfield, 1892, p. 45, pl. 3, figs. 1-3. 

This species described from thc "lower Green Marls" at Holmdel, 

New Jersey, is probably only a smooth internal east of Pyropsis septem- 

lirata Gabb as suggested by \TTeller. 

Pyropsis planimarginata (Whitfield) 1.892 

Plate 54, Figures 11, 15-11 

Tudicla planimaryhtata Whitfield, 1892, p. 33, pl. 1, figs. 1-3. 

Z'yropsis planimarginata Wcller, 1907, p. 745, pl. 86, figs. 11-14. 

Dcscriptwn.-"Shell small or somclvhat belo~v n medium size, very 

rcntricose, with a very low. spire composed of hut little more than two 

entire volutions in the cast; outer volution large, forming the great, 

bulk of the shell and having a diameter considerably greater than the 

entire height, including the short beak and canal. Volutions marked 

on the periphery by a flattened, vertical band, bordered above ant1 below 

by an angulation; a second angulation also marking the upper sorface 

midway between the top of the vertical flattening and tlie suture 

line, and still another on the under side of the volution near the base 

of the beak; eolumellar cavity only of medium six, with aperture large, 

wider or about as wide as high, but little modificd on tlie inner siile by 

the preceding volution; lip slightly espnndgrl; surface unknown." 

(Whitfield) 

Remarks.-There is such a close resemblance between this species 

and Pyropsis septen~lirata Gahb that they may be cospecific. 


64 CR,ETACEODS FOSSILS 


NAVESINK : 4 i 

Type.-Ifissing. 

Pyropsis trochiformir (Tuomey) 1654 

Plate 54, Figure 12; Plate 56, Figure 3; Plate 90, Fignres 6, 6 

Pyrz~la tvochifor~llis Tuomey, 1654, Proc. Acail. Nat. Sci. Phila., T'ol. 7, 

p. 169. 

Pyropsis Riclrardso?~i ? Whitfield, 1892, p. 89, pl. 1, figs. 14-16 (not 

P. Riekorrlsoni Tuomey). 

Pyropsis trochifori~lis ? Whitfield, 1692, p. 41, pl. 1, figs. 4-7. 

Pyropsis veilcyi Whitfielcl, 1692> p. 42, p1. 2, figs. 11-16> 18-20 (not P. 

reileyi \IThitfield). 

Pyropsis trockiformis JVeller, 1907, p. 746, (part) pl. 87, figs. 4-11 (not 

1-3=P. reileyi IVhitfield). 

Pyropsis trochifornlis Gardner, 1916, p. 446, pl. 16, figs. 1-2. 

Descriptio?~.-"The dilncnsious of an incomplete internal cast are: 

height, as far as preser~~ed, 40 mm.; probable total height, about 60 

mm.; maximum diameter, 41 mm. Shcll pyriform, ~vith three or four 

rapidly increasing volutions, spire depressed, the first volution and onehalf 

almost flat in the casts, suture in the cast ~videly open. Body volotion 

very broad and gibbous, contracting somewhat rapidly bclolv to the 

anterior canal, which has been broken and destroyed in most of the 

specimens observed. Surfacc of the outer volntion rounded fro111 the 

suture to the base of the anterior canal, that portion above the line of 

greatest width shorter and more strongly convex than that below. Surface 

of the casts smooth, but sometimcs with slight indications of thc 

revolving costae of the exterior. Columellar cavity large in the casts. 

External surface of the shell marked hj- strong, more or less nodose, 

revolving costae, and by somewhat irregular lines of growth, the revolving 

lines becoming grarlually morc slender towards the base." 

(Weller) 

Remarks.-"Pyropsis trochifov~~lis, as used by Weller and others 

who were working with poorly preserved material, is little more than a 

group name xvhich serres to include all of the larger casts of P,yvopsis 

with rounded but not globose body whorls. The degree of variation in 

the convexity and in the sharpness of the contraction of the body is 

quite certainly much greater than would be allowed if the shell characters 

were preserved, but in the absence of these there are not very 

satisfactory criteria for separation." (Gardner) 

Several of the specimens figured by \\'hitfield as P. reileyi Whitfield 

shou:d he referred to P. trochiforr~tis. 


GASTROPODA 


MARSI-IALLTOWN: 28, 31,32 

&IT. LAUREL-NAVESINIC: 37, 39, 40, 41, 45, 53 

TINTON: 62, 63 

Range otctsirle Pew Jevsey- 

lfarylanrl, Alabama, Nississippi. 

T!jpe.-Noxnhee Co., Miss., missing. 

Pyropsis ? obesa TT1hitfield 1892 


Pgropsk ? obesa JVhitfield, 1892, p. 40, pl. 3, figs. 12-13. 

Pyropsis ? obesa Weller, 1907, p. 748, pl. 88, figs. 6-6. 

Description.-"Shell of moderate size, very ventricose, with very 

round, full, short volutions, and short obtuse spire, the body volution 

being prod~~ced below to form a short beak of almost insignificant proportions, 

as shown by the cast; apical angle about 80' ; volutions about 

three in number, very short and compact: smooth on the surface, except 

on the last one, where spiral lines are shown to havc existed on the 

shell and to have left their imprint; only about five or six of these traeeable, 

and those on the lower side; aperture moderately large, obliqncly 

ovate, rounded above and pointed below; columella rather strong, some- 

\\-hat flexnose. judging ft.on1 the axial cavity left in the cast, and apparently 

marked by a single, rather prominent oblique ridge in its 

lower part.'' (\TThitfield) 

Ren1arks.-This species is evidently not a true Pyropsis because of 

the presence of the eolumcllar fold. Whitfield was not able "to place it 

satisfactorily under any known genus," at the time he described it, 

and it may he allowed to remain with a question, where it mas placed 

by the original author. (Weller) 

Pyropsis reileyi Whitfield 

Plate 57, Fignres 1, 2; Plate 90, Figure 7 

Pyropsis raileyi Whitfield, 1892, p. 42, pl. 2, fig. 17 (? not figs. 11-16, 

18-20?=P. lrochiformis (Tuomey). 

Pyropsis trochiformis Wcller, 1907, (part) p. 746, p1. 87, figs. 1-3. 

Pyropsis reilcyi Gardncr, 1916, p. 448. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, suhglobular or glohularly 

ovate in general form, with a moderately elevated spire and subventri- 



cose volutions which are somewhat enlarged outwardly ; volutions about 

three in number, the last one forming the principal bulli of the shell, 

and regularly rounded from the suture line to the beginning of the 

very slightly extended anterior beak; the inner volutions nearly on a 

level with each other, but the outer one dropping more rapidly below 

the inner, giving the greater height to the spire; volutions regularly 

rounded, without any angnlatiou in the upper part, especially on the 

last one ; aperture large, semilunate, motlified above on the inside by 

the projection of the inner volution; cavity left in the cast by the re- 

moval of the columellar axis very large and marked on the surface by a 

series of circular protuberances which gradually increase in size with 

the growth of the shell; the inner one of four, which can be seen on one 

cast, and which is situated at the inner limit of the last volution, is only 

about a twelfth of an inch in diameter, while the outer one is rather 

more than one-fourth of an inch across; the surface of the shell marked 

by several strong, coarse, revolving ridges, which have left their imprint 

only very slightly on the surface of the cast; the outer lip of the shell 

seems also to have been slightly expanded, at least near the upper part 

of the aperture." (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-Very close to Pyropsis trochiformis (Tuomey) 


NAVESIINK : 41 


illaryland. 

Type.-Holmdel, New Jersey. Apparently lost. 

Family Sargtmidac 

Sargana sp. 

Rapatla stantosi Wcller, 1907, p. 754 (not pl. 89), figs. 1-3. 

Rapana stanfoni Stephenson, 1923, p. 377 (part) pl. !)3, figs. 1-5. 

Rapana stantonr Wade, 1926, p. 136 (part), pl. 46, figs. 7-8. 

Sarganu stantoni Stephenson, 1941, p. 325, pl. 60, figs. 15-17. 

Remarks.-Poorly preserved specimens referable to Sargana llavc 

been found in the Ezogljra ponderosa zone in New Jersey and North 

Carolina. 

Range in ,Yew Jersey- 

JZARSHALLTOWN: 28 

Family Moreidae 

Morea naticella (Gahb) 1860 


Pl~rpura (Morea) nutieella Cabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 

2nd ser., vol. 4, p. 301, pl. 48, fig. 14. 


GASTROPODA 

Pyropsis iVaticoidcs Wli~tfield, 1892, p. 43, pl. 2, figs. 5-7. 

111orea naticella Whitfield, 1892, p. 97, pl. 12, figs. 19-20. 

;11orea natlce2la IVeller, 1907, p. 800, pl. 98, figs. 14-15. 

Alorea naticella Gardner, 1916, p. 465, pl. 18, fig. 12. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, subglobular or subpyriform, 

with three or four ventricose volutions, which are most inflated on thc 

upper third; the dimensions of a nearly complete internal cast are: 

height, 19 mm.; maximum diameter, 16 mm.; height of aperture, 17 

mm. ; width of aperture, 8 mm. Spire rather low; aperture broadly elliptical, 

pointed above and obtusely so at the base; eolumellar cavity of 

medium size, with a single strong spiral ridge near the anterior margin. 

Surface of the shell marked by from 8 to 11 strong spiral ridges, leaving 

a plain space at the base of the shell equal in width to that of two of the 

ridges; surface marked also by somewhat more distant, transverse, 

broadly rounded ridges, which are noclose at the points of junction with 

the revolving ridges." (Weller) 

Remarks.-"The type of the species is a large example, and llas the 

n~al.kings more strongly impressed upon the surface of the cast than is 

nsnally the case." (IVellcr) 


MERCHANTVILLE : 15 

Range outside ATew Jersey- 

Delaware. 

Type.-New Jersey; ANSP 14972; Type P. naticoides iWullica Hill 

ANSP 16862. 

Morw plicata (Whitfield) 1892 

Plate 63, Figure I 

Ttcrbinopsis plicata Whitfield, 1892, p. 104, pl. 12, figs. 1-2. 

illorca plicata Weller, 1907, p. 801, pl. 98, figs. 16-17. 

Description.-"Shell small, and known only from internal casts; 

spirc elevated and erect, composed of but few volutions, probably not 

more than three in the shell; widely separated in the casts by the sutures 

and very rapidly increasing in size; umbilical opening very large and 

very distinctly marked, near the base of the columclla, by a deep, narrow 

groove, indicating the presence of a rather strong, tooth-like ridge 

at the base of the colt~mclla; columella concave, giving an elliptical form 

to the filling of the aperture which nearly equals one-half the height, 

of the entire cast, and is very oblique as seen in front, but from the 

back appears rather patulosc and spreading; surface of the cast marked 

by numerous vertical folds or plications, which are quite distinct on the 

east and closely arranged ; the outer half of the last rolution, however, 

does not retain them so distinctly." (Whitfield) 


Remarks.-"This species resembles 1II. naticella, but it is more 

elongate, wit11 a higher spire, more loosely coiled volutions and a much 

broader umbilicus as indicated by the width of the mnbilic;ll cavit,y 

in the cast." (\TTeller) 


WOOUBUHY: 20 

AZT. LAUREL-Xh\'ESIXK: 33,47 

T?lpe.-Cross\viel;s, X. ,I. ; AXSP 14967. 

Family Buecinidae 

"Pyrula" precedens (7Vhitfield) 1892 


E'icus precedens Whitfield, 1892, p. 122, pl. 15, figs. 7-8. 

P,yrula precodens IVeller, 1907, p. 724, pl. 84, figs. 3-4. 

Description.-"Shell small, pyriform; volutions ahout three, very 

ventricose, inflated in the upper part. rapidly attenuated belolv and 

contracted to form a moderately long, slender canal and bealr, which 

is very slightly bent; splre low, hut the inner volutions distinctly show- 

ing above the outer ones, with a well-defined suture; aperture elongate- 

elliptical, prolonged below to the end of the canal, which is very nar- 

row; surface of the shell marked by 12 principal prominent, spiral 

carina, between vhich there is in each space a single subordinate ridge 

showing on the east; toward the lower part of the volution and on the 

beak they are more equal in size, and on the body of the volution the 

principal carina are nodose, or serrated, from the crossing of transverse 

ribs which pass across the volution in a nearly straight line parallel to 

the margin of the outer lip of the aperture. In a fragment of the matrix, 

from near the inner part of the outer whorl the principal spiral ridges 

are seen to be sharply carinate, and the transverse striae fine and nu- 

merous; eolun~ella without ridges or folds of any kind." (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-This species somewhat resembles h7apulus retifor 

(Gahb). In this respect IVeller states: "The casts of P. precedens, 

however, do not show so large a columellar cavity and the anterior beak 

is more slender. The spiral ridges are also more numerous and more 

sharply elevated than in P. (i.e., A'apnlus) retijer, and the decided al- 

ternation among them is a distinguishing character." 


NAVESINIZ: 41 

Type.-Holmdel, N. J.; apparently lost. 


Perissolax dubia (Gabb) 1860 

l'late 52, Figure 12; J'late 53, Figure 12 

P~irpzi.roides ? d~cbia Gabb: ISGO, l'roc. Aead. Nat. Sei. Phil. (1860) 

p. 94, pL 2, fig. 11. 

Perissolax dzibia \\T1~itfield, 1892, p. 47, p1. 3, figs. 9-11. 

'I'ritonideaobesa\\Thitfield, 1892, p. 79, pl. 9, figs. 1-3. 

I'evissolnz r71~bia \\Teller, 1907, p. i30, pl. 85, figs. 1-5. 

L)escv,r)tk?i.-"Shell of inedium size, conical above, abruptly contracted 

belolv the largest part of t,he last rolution, and estencled in front 

into a short, somc~rhat slender beak; volutions about four, strong, convex 

on the surface, with well-marked sutures; apical angle in the vicinity 

of 50'; aperture orate, so~ue\vhat acute at each end but prolonged 

belo~v; surface iilarltecl 1,y revolring ridges and by closely arranged 

vertical folds; of the former, there are 11, eight of mliich may 

be said to be above the rniddle of the volution, or above the periphery, 

while three only are really below this point, and these more distant and 

somewhat stronger than the others, with distinctly eoncare spaces between, 

~rhile the lo\vcr half of the space bet\\xeen the beak and the periphery 

seems to be dcstitnte of ridges; vertical folds low and rounded, 

~\.ith concave interspaces of allout an equal breadth with the folds, or the 

folds may he said to unite at their bases, occupying the entire space; 

12 of then^ can he countetl on the outer half of tho last rolntion; t,he 

folds hent slightly backwards from the suture to the center of the vo- 

Intion, and again very faintly forward at that point, belo~v ~rhich they 

rapidly become obsolete, not showing on the under side of the volntion." 

(Whitfield) 

ZZe~i~avks.-Occurs only as internal casts. 

Ztairyc in A7ew ,Terse!/- 

XI'. I'JBIJR.ETJ-NAVI~SJNI~: 40, 41, 47, 53 

7'upe.-Mulliea IIill: N. J.; ANSP 13717. 

Seminola globosa (Gabb) 1876 


Nassa ylobosa Gabb. 1876, l'roc. Aead. Ndt. Sci. Phil. (1876), p. 282. 

A'nssa globosa Weller, 1907, p. 738, pl. 86, fig. 1. 

Seniinola ylobosn Stephenson, 1923, p. 375, pl. 93, figs. 8-9. 

Descr~ption.-"She11 subglobose, with a short anterior beak, spire 

nioderately elevated, volutions six or more in nunlber. The dimensions 

of a large, somewhat imperfect and distorted internal east are: total 

height, 45 mm. ; greatest width after correcting for the distortion, about 

37 mm. Volutions of the spire marked by rather broad, vertical !lodes 

which reach nearly from suture to suture, their greatest prominence 



being somewhat above the mid-height; body volution marked by similar 

nodes which are continued anteriorly, dying out about two-thirds 

of the distance from the suture to the anterior extremity, these nodes 

are broad, separated l ~y about equally broad depressions, and are most 

prominent a little hclorv the suture. Surface of the shell marked 

throughout by moderately coarse, depressed, revolving ribs, the distance 

from center to centcr of the larger ones upon the example whose 

dimensions are given abore being about 2 mm." ( Weller) 

Range in New Jer~ey- 

WENONAH: 35 


North Carolina. 

Type.-Snow Hill, North Carolina; ANSP 1 

Euthria ? fragilis Whitfield 1892 


Euthria ? fragilis Whitfield, 1892, p. 78, pl. 9, figs. 11-12. 

Eqrtkrin. ? frnyilis \'Teller> 1907, p. '753, pl. 88, figs. 25-26. 

Descriptio?l,.-"Shell small, measuring only about three-fourths of 

an inch in length; form short fusiform, the point of greatest diameter 

being nearly midway of the length; spire short, the apical angle taken 

from a crushed example, being about 7O0, probably not more than 60' 

to 65" in perfect specimens; volutions ventricose, six or seven in num- 

ber, the last one forming the great bulk of the shell and with the an- 

terior beak forming about five-sevenths of the entire length when meas- 

ured on the back of the volution; upper volntions compact; sutures 

strongly marked; anterior beak short, moderately strong; aperture not 

seen; substance of the shell very thin and fragile, marked only by fine 

lines of growth parallel to the margin of the aperture, which indicate 

the existence of a broad and rather marked sinus in the lip on the upper 

side of the volution, formed by the extension of the lip below and on the 

body of the volution far in advance of the margin at and just below the 

suture ; on the surface of the beak the striae gently inclined baclcward 

again." (Whitfield). 

Remarks.-Type specimen is unique. The distortion of the type is 

such that its generic relationships are uncertain. 

Range in ATew Jersey- 

WOODBURY: 24 

Type.-Haddonfield, N. J. ; ANSP 16867 (type and unique). 


GASTROPODB 61 

Family Fusiclae se~lsullato 

Fusinus holmesianus Gahh 1860 

Plate 54, Figure 18 ; Plate 56, Figure 4 

l~'trs?~s holmesiu?~tis Gabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., 

rol. 4, p. 369, pl. 68, fig. 4. 

h'~ts~t.s 7101111esi~m1ts 7Ireller, 1907, p. 755, pl. 89, fig. 4. 

Descriptio?~.-"The climensions of the figured specimen are: height, 

15 mm.; height of spire, 4mm.; greatest diameter, 8 mm.; apical angle, 

60'. Shell flisiform wit,li ahout three or four volntions, spire conical 

;md turreted, the outer volution produced below into a straight anterior 

canal of moderate length. Suture moderately distinct; upper surface 

of the volutions flattened or a little concave, sloping downward from the 

suture to the line of greatest diameter, which is marked with a row of 

about 14 or 15 vertically elongate nodes upon each volution; on the volutions 

of the spire these norlcs originate at abo.bont the middle and continue 

downward to the suture below, which is flexuose on account of 

the projection of the nodes; on the body volution the surface helo~v the 

row of nodes is gently convex- above, becoming concavc belo~v as it 

passes into the anterior canal. Entire surface of the shell marked with 

fine revolving lines." (TVeller) 


WENONAH : 34 


Alabama. 

Type.-Eufaula, Ala. ; ANSP 13831. 

Fusinus cliffwoodensis (Weller) 1907 

Plate 54, Fiyre 19 

Fttstts cliffwoodensis Weller, 1907, p. 756, pl. 89, figs. 6-7. 

Description.-"The dimensions of the type specimen are: height, 

18.5 mm. ; height of spire, 5.5 mm. ; greatest diameter, 10 mm. ; apical 

;~ngle, 75O. Shell fusiform with about four volutions, suture fairly well 

defined, outer volution produced below into a short, anterior canal. 

Outer volution flattened above, the upper surface short, sloping slightly 

domnward from the suture to the periphery; below the periphery the 

slope is long and gently convex. hecoming concave below as it passes 

into the anterior canal; periphery marked with about 12 or 14 strong 

nodes, which are much elongate anteriorly, reaching about half way 

from the periphery to the extremity of the anterior canal. Volutions of 

the spire not well preserved in the type specimen, hut they are apparently 

angular at about their mid-height and are marked with nodes 

similar to those on the periphery of the outer volution. Aperture nar- 


CRETACEOUS E'OSSILS 

rowly subovate, ~ointed belo~v, more than twice as high as wide. Snrface 

of the shell apparently smooth, or marked only with inconspiau- 

011s lines of growth." (!\'eller) 

Ren;arks.-"This species closcly resembles F. I~ol~~lesia?bas Gahb, 

but the nodes upon the shoolder of the outer volution are larger and 

marc elongate, and all spiral l~rarlrings are laelring." 

Ra~tge in iTezu Jersey- 

MAGOTRY: 5, 6 

Type.-Cliffmood Point, N. 5.; XJSRI 9538. 

Fusinus holmdelenris (\!'hitfield) 1S2 


I.'trsz~s ? Rolr~rdeloizsis Whitfield, 1892, p. 62, pl. 6, figs. 10.11. 

E'ns~ls 1~oln;dclensis Weller, 190i, p. 757, PI. 89, figs. 11-12. 

Description.-"Shell of moderate size, about 1% inches in Icngt,h; 

spire short, less tl~an one-third as long as the body volution and beak; 

yolutions four or more, the upper ones rather small and the boclp rolntion 

proportionally large, vent,ricose in the middle and extende(1 in 

front in a moderately long, slightly twisted canal ; aperture largc, more 

than half the entire length of the shell ; the outer lip broadly and strongly 

sinuate in the upper part and somewhat extended forlx.arcl Ibelo~v; 

columella slender, twkted; surface of the volnt,ions nlarkcd by rather 

strong, prominent, vertical folds, which arc most distinct on the body 

of the lolver whorl, but become obsolete l~clon, and on the npper wl~orls 

are extended from snture to suture, 10 of thesc folds being visible on 

the large volut,ior~ ; strong lines of growth also cross the shell parallel 

t,o the borclcr of tllc apcrt,nre; closely arrangcrl, clevated spiral lines 

cover the entire shell, and ;Ire finest and most nnnlcrons on the upper 

part, more distant helolr the middle, and strongly marked on the anterior 

bcak, \vllere they are very obliqne; the spaces between tho lines 

;~pparently flat.'' (TVhitfielcl) 

Ren1arks.-TIII: type specimen is unique. Weller in referring to this 

t,ype writes that, "Tt forms an esception t,o most of t,l~e gastropods of thc 

Xavesink marl, in that the form of the shell itself is prcscrred. Tht: internal 

cast of the spccics has not. been recognized." 

Railge iil Xem Jevsey- 

IIT. IJAURET-ASI: 41, 53 

Type.-IIoln~(lel, Xe\v Jcrscy. 

Furinus lorillardensis (\\Teller) 1907 

I'lat,e 57, Fignres 8, 9 

I~'~rsrcs 1orillarde~l.sis Weller, 1907, p. 768, pl. 89, figs. 9-10, 

Description.-"The dimensions of the t,ype specimen are: height, 


53 111111.; heigllt of spire, 23 mni.; greatest diameter, 18 rnm.; apical 

angle abont 34". Shell elongate-fusiforn~, \rit,h six or seven rolotions: 

the outer rol~~tion producc(1 iilt,o an clong;~te ;~ntcrior canal; sntlrre 

mo~lcrately impressed ; the surface of thc i,ollitions of the spire regularly 

coi~vex fro111 s11t11i-c to suture. Surface of t,hc shell rn;~rked hy ;I 

revolvil~g ridge or sl~ould~:r of ino(lcl.atc: size just l~elo\rr the suture; e;ieh 

volotion marked by fron~ 1:i to 18: or less upon the slnaller volutions? 

ratller sharp, clerat,ecl, vertical, sliglitly c~u.ved ridges, the eoncave side 

of t.lre curve tor\.arrls the aperture; on the volut,ions of the spire the 

ridges continue fro111 suture to sut,ure but on tlle outer roli~tion thcy become 

obsolete a lit,tlc less than half ~r~ay from tlle suture to the anterior 

extremity of t,l~c canal; surface also marked by fine rerrol~~ing eostilc, 

three or four of which occupy the space of one millimeter, aid by distinct 

tra~lsversc li~res of gromtlr ~vhich ]rave a broad hut slight sim~osity 

below the suture, follo~r-ing tlre direction of thc trans\rcrse ridges." 

(TVeller) 

12ez1~arlis.-TT'ellcr furthcr rlescrilles the type as "a partial internal 

cast with the nearly complete external ~noulcl, fro111 which a plaster 

cast has been ttiken. Tlle transverse ribs are clearly risible on the internal 

cast, but they are broadly rounded t~nd lnucll lower than the shcll 

itself. The (Iilnelisions given arc of the largest individual obscrred." 

Range in Xctu Jersey- 

\VOODl:ljl1T : 18 

1:~pe.-Lorill;~rcl, New ,Icrsey. 

Bellifusus medians (\Vhit,field) 1892 

Plate 58, lfigures 2, 3, 4 

Odontofiiszts nlediass \\'hitfield, 1892, 11. 67, pl. 5. figs. 18-21. 

?Pyrifasirs tzirritzis \I7\'hitfield2 1892, p. 54, pl. 5, fig. 4 (not figs. 1-3). 

0dontofzr.szis n~edicrns \\Teller, 1907, 11. 761: pl. 90> figs. 1-5, ?6. 

Odonfof~is~is n~etliazrs Gardner, 1916, 1). 443. 

l~ellif~i.s~i.s 1z~c~7it1zts S~C~~I~I!I~SOII~ 

1!)41> 1). :3:38. 

Deseri.ptioi~.-"Slioll fnsiforrn \\.it11 scven or eight volutions, procloccd 

below into a rather slender: straight: a~~terior canal, spire slen


solete below the middle of the outer volution, the lower i:analiculatc 

portion of the shell being marked by rather fine revolving ribs. Aper- 

ture elongate, rounded above, pointed below; outer lip thin, eolumella 

marked by a single revolving fold, which is situated high up, and so 

far back that it can scarcely be seen from the aperture in complete ex- 

nlnples of the shell." (\\:ellei-) 

Range in A'ezu Jersey- 

MERCHANTVILLE : 11,16 

IIARSHALLTOWN: 28 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 37,44, 47 


Maryland, Mississippi ? 

T!lpe.-Tipper Freehold. Types of 1'. ftrrrit~rs. Burlington Count>- 

X.J.; AXSP 16865, 16866. 

Bellifusus slacki (Gabb) 1861 


Pasciolaria Slacki Gabb, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1861), p. 322. 

Odontofnsus Slacki Whitfield, 1892, p. 66, pl. 6, figs. 8-9. 

Orloutofusus slacki IVeller, 1907, p. 766, pl. 90, fig. 17. 

Bellifusus slacki Stephenson, 1941, p. 338. 

Description.-"Shell, as shown by internal casts, slender, fusiform, 

nearly of equal length above and below the point of greatest diameter 

of the body whorl ; spire slender, apical angle about 35O to 40" ; voln- 

tions five or six (none of the specimen. are perfect to the apex) ; angn- 

lar in the middle and slightly convex above and below, the last one in- 

creasing more rapidly than those above; sutures distinct and deep; 

anterior end prolonged into a straight, moderately slender canal; colu- 

mella strong, marked by a single oblique, well defined ridge or fold at 

about the middle or above thc middle of its length; aperture pyriform. 

largest abovc and angular at the middle of the outer lip corresponding 

to the angulation of the body whorl; volutions marked by distant, angu- 

lar, vertical folds or ridges, seven to nine of which may be counted on a 

single volution; these folds are indicated very strongly on the center 

of the volution in the cast, but not visible to any great extent muell 

above or below; no positive indications of spiral lines have been seen 

on any of the casts." (Whitfield) 


MERCHANTVILLE : 15,17 

WOODBURY: 20 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINE : 47 

Type.-Crosswieks, N. J.; AhTSP 13822. 


GASTROPODA 65 

Turbinella intermedia Weller 1907 


Turbinella intermedia Weller, 1907, p. 767, pl. 90, figs. 18-22. 

Description.-"Internal casts short fusiform to subglobular in 

form with about three volutions, the dimensions of two nearly complete 

examples being: height, 18 mm. and 13 mm. ; greatest diameter, 17 mm. 

and 11.8 mm. Apical angle about 75", the spire about one-third the 

total height of the shell, the volutions increasing somewhat rapidly in 

size, subangular on the periphery and marked by rather strong vertical 

nodes, which become obsolete before reaching the suture above, and also 

a short distance below the periphery, about 12 nodes occurring upon 

the outer volution; the last volution rather rapidly contracting below 

and produced into a short anterior beak; columellar cavity of moderate 

width, bearing the impressions of three rather faint revolving folds." 

(Weller) 

Remarks.-"Only the internal casts of this species have been ohserved. 

These resemble similar casts of T. alabamensis, but they are always 

shorter, with the volutions less regularly rounded over t.he pcriphery, 

and they do not attain so large a size. They differ from the casts 

of 7'. pnrva in being somewhat larger, in having a more elevaterl spire 

and in the more nearly vertical position of the nodes. The species is, in 

fact, somewhat intermediate in its characters between T. a'nbamensis 

and T. parva, and has been obscrved only from the Mercha~ltville claymarl, 

xrhile these other two species are both Navesink species." 


&~ERCIIANTVITJLE : 15, 16 

Type.-Lenola, NJSM 7769. 

Turbinella alabamensis (Gabh) 1860 


Cancellaria Alabameasis, Gabb, 1860, Jour. had. h'at. Sci. Phil., 2nd 

ser., vol. 4, p. 301, pl. 48, fig. 14 (fig. 26 on plate). 

l'?~rbinella ? uerticdk, Whitfield, 1892, p. 82, p1. 3, figs. 14-15. 

Tnrbinella ahbarnensis Weller, 1907, p. 768, pl. 91, figs. 1-6. 

Description.-"Internal casts, exclusive of the anterior canal, subglobose 

in form, with a moderately elevated spire, which has an apical 

angle of about 85", consisting of about three and one-half volutions; 

the dimensions of a nearly complete internal cast are: height, 36 mm. ; 

height of spire, 9 mm.; greatest diameter, 26 mm. Volutions increasing 

rather rapidly in size, the last one ventricose in thc upper part, 

rapidly contracted below and produced anteriorly in an elongate antcrior 

canal; aperture elliptical in form, pointed above and prolonged 

below; columellar cavity of moderate size, with three slender, oblique 



plications opposite the middle of the aperture; surface of the volutions 

marked by strong, rounded, vertical plications or folds, ~vhich become 

obsolete a little below the periphery and are also less distinct upon the 

outer half of the last volution. About 11 of these folds are present 

upon the outer volution of an average example. A plaster c;~st of the 

upper half of a shell from a natural mould has about five rol~~tions, the 

spire is conical and turreted with an apical angle of about 75"; sutnrc 

~vell defined; thc solutions of the spire strongly angular a little below 

t,he middle of t,he distance between the sutures, the npper surface flattened 

or slightly concave, the angle marked xith strong nodes, of which 

there are about 1.2 on each rolution. ljpper surface of the hod? ~olntion 

nearly flat, sloping do\vnlvard from the suture to the angular peripherv, 

which is marked by strong nodes similar to those of the npper volnt ions ; 

below the peripl11:t-y t,hc surface is gently conyes as far as the specimen 

continues. Surface nlarked by finc revolving costae, and by lines of 

gro~vtll ~~~llich, just bclolv the sntore, are ;IS strong or stronger than t.1~ 

rerolving costae. The dircclio~l of the lincs of growth indicate t,hat the 

outer lip of the aperture was broadly sinuat,~ in its upper part." 

(TTTeller) 

Remnr1cs.-The external characteristics of the species are less well 

known thau the internal features. 

Rairge in iVet11 Jersey- 

TVENONAEI : 34, 35 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 3i. -10,47, 53 

Range o~~tside Ne~u .Iersey- 

Alabama. 

,. 

1ypc.-Prairie 13111lF, :\':I:I;I!II~; ;\XSl', 

Turbinella parva Gabb 1860 

Tli,rbinel/u. pcrroa Gahb, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. I'hil. (1860), p. 94, 

pl. 2, fig. 3. 

Tti.rbi?~ella ? paruu TVl~itfiel~l~ 1592, p. 80, 111. 9, figs. 4-G. 

T?rrbivrella puma \T1eller: 1907, p. 770, p1. 90: figs. 23-22. 

Ileseriptio?z.-" S111:ll small, subturbin;~tc in form, the greatest diameter 

being near Lhe top of the volution, rapiilly narro~ving helo~v: 

spire depressed, but not quite flat; the dimensions of an incomplt:te internal 

cast are: height, 11.5 mm., but if the spire mere complete anteriorly 

it ~1.ould prol~;~hly be 13 nun. or 14 nlm.; m;lsimum diameter, 11 

mm. T701utions ahont t,l~ree in number, flattened above, rouncled on the 

periphery; aperture large, oblique, higher than wide; colnmellar cavity 

in the casts broad, mnrkcd 11y three distinct plications or folds, the two 

upper ones a little al~ore the lotver third of the aperture, equal in 

strength and ne;lr together: the lo\rest one larger and more distant,, bnt 


not so sharply defined as those above; volutions market1 by si~ll~or~s 

rertical folds of considerable strength, indicated on the top of the vo- 

lution, but more strongly marlcetl on t,he periphery and below, being 

strongly bent backward in crossing the largest part of the \vl~orl." 

(\Veller) 

Rotrui.lis.-Known only from internal casts. 

Rui~ge 111 Sew Jersey- 

MT. LAUREL-KI\VESINI


conch broken away. Whorls about four, increasing in size with con- 

siderable rapidity. A shoulder is formed by a broadly excavated band 

below the suture. A narrow collar borders the suture but no nodes can 

be observed on it. Conspicuous axial ribs, impossible to count because 

of the imperfect state of the fossil. The iurials are most conspicuous 

near the shoulder and fade out gradually near the base. The entire sur- 

face is covered with faint striae. Aperture not observed. Length 19.0 

mm. ; greatest width 13.0 mm." (Richards) 

Remarks.-"Close to Aliofusus reagani Stephenson from Navarro 

group of Texas the type species of the genus, but proportionally some- 

what stouter." (Richards) 


RARITAN : la 

Type.-Sayreville, N. J.; NJSM 10439. 

Fasciolaria ? obliquicostata Gabb 1876 


Pasciolaria (Cryptorhytis) obliquicostata Cabb, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. 

Sci. Phil. (1876) p. 283. 

Cryptorhytis obliquicostata Weller, 1907, p. 759, pl. 89, fig. 8. 

Pascwlaria ? obliqzricostata Stephenson, 1923, p. 381, pl. 94, figs. 3-4. 

Description.-The approximate dimensions of an imperfect speci- 

men are: height of shell when complete, point of spire restored, 12.5 

mm.; height of spire, about 4 mm.; greatest diameter, 7 mm. ; apical 

angle, about 52'. Shell fusiform with about three or four volntions, 

suture well defined, outer volution produced below into a rather short 

anterior canal. Surface of the volntions of the spire convex from suture 

to suture, and marked by a series of elongate, slightly oblique, rather 

sharp nodes, about 11 or 12 on each volution, which originate close to 

the upper suture, become strongest at about the mid-height of the vo- 

lution and grow fainter below to the lower suture. Upon the outer vo- 

lution the nodes resemble those of the spire and become obsolete below, 

about half way between the suture and the extremity of the anterior 

canal; the surface of the outer volution is convex from the suture to 

below the middle where it becomes concave as it passes into the anterior 

canal, the periphery being without a distinct angulation. Surface of the 

shell marked throughout with fine revolving lines. (Weller) 

Remarks.-New Jersey examples of this species are uncommon and 

generally are preserved imperfectly. 


WOODBURY: 18,24 


North Carolina. 

Type.-Snow Hill, N. C.; ANSP 2308. 


GASTROPODA 

"Fasciolaria" sp. 


E'ascwlaria sp. Richards, 1943, p. 30, pl. 3, fig. 7. 

Remarks.-One poorly preserved unidentified species of Basciolaria 

has been collected from the Sayre and Fisher Pits at Sayrevillc, N. J. 

(AA'SP 15801). 


RARITAN : la 

Odontofusus typicus Whitfield 1892 


Odontofusus typicus Whitfield, 1892, p. 66, pl. 6, figs. 1-5. 

Odontofusus typicus Weller, 1907, p. 763, pl. 90, figs. 7-16. 

Odontofusus typicus Stephenson, 1941, p. 338. 

Description.-"Shell when of full size about 2 inches long in the 

extreme, so far as yet known; spire elevated, forming ahout one-half 

of the entire length of the shell, which contains about four and one- 

half to five volutions in the condition of internal cast; volutions angu- 

lar, rather strongly so in the principal one, forming an angulated peri- 

phery which is crossed by 10 or 12 prominent, vertical ridges, which 

generally show as transverse nodes on the periphery and only extend 

a short distance above or below, apparently never reaching to the su- 

ture line; lower portion of the body volution extended so as to form 

a rather slender anterior beak, about equaling in length the vertical 

diameter of the body volution, as seen from the dorsal side; aperture 

moderately large, angular at the middle of the outer lip and extended 

below in a narrow canal; columella marked by a single, rather strong, 

oblique fold, situated near the middle of the aperture proper; very 

faint indications of spiral striae may be imagined on the cast, but can 

scarcely be said to exist." (Whitfield) 

Re1narks.-This genus was founded on this species as well as on 

Pasciolaria slacki Gabh. Although Odontofuslfs typiczcs is not truly 

representative of the genus, a rule of the International Code states that 

it mast he recognized as the genotype by virtue of its name. 


MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 40,45,47, 53 

Type.-Cream Ridge, N. J.; NJSM 10093. 

Odontofusus mucronata (Gabb) 1861 

Plate 58: Figures 6, 9 

Vollcta mueronata Gabh, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1861) p. 323. 

Odontofusus rostellaroides Whitfield, 1892, p. 68, pl. 6, figs. 6-7. 


70 CI(ET:\CEOUS FOSSILS 

T'olz~ton~orpha (Piestochilus) ,~~ucroiiata Whitfield, 1892, p. 75, pl. 6, 

figs. 1S-14. 

Odo~ztofzrsns nlt~croncrta TVeller, 190i, p. 764, pl. 95: figs. 5-11. 

Descriptio?~.-"Shell, as exhibited in the casts, slentler, with an 

elevated and slender spire and prolonged rostra1 beak, giving an 

elongate, f~~siform outline; rolntions fire or more, moderately eonvex 

and mith strongly marked suture lines; body volution, as seen from the 

front, forming considerably more than half of the length of the entire 

shell, and the aperture tvo-thirds as long as the body volntion; elliptical 

in outline, angular al~ovc and prolonged below; columella slender, 

marked by t,~vo very oblique folds, which are situated somewhat below 

the midcllc of its length, the lower being ~auell the stronger of the two; 

st~rface features unknown. There is the slightest evidence on two indivi(1uals 

of distant longitudinal folcls on the second volution, hut not 

sufficiently distinct to give gronn(1s for ;I positive assertion that such 

characters esisterl." (Whitfield) 

Range in Netu Jersey- 

RAVESIXIC: 40, 41,43,45,47 

Type.-Crosswicks, N. J. ; AXSP 14382. 

Pyrifusus meeki Whitfield 1892 

l'late 54, 1Gg1ues 7, 8 

P~I'Zfi~stis meelii TVhitfield, 1892, p. 55, 111. 4, figs. 6-8. 

Pyrifuszis ntoelii \t7eller, 1907, p. 732, pl. 85, figs. 7-8. 

Descviptioa.-"Shell modcri~tely large for the genns, ha~ing a cliameter 

of nearly 1% inches of the body whorl; subequally bieonical 

in general outline ; spire elevated, having an apical angle, as seen in the 

cast: of somewhat less than 60°, mith the spire slightly longer than the 

sliell below, as vieli.ed from the back of the last volntion; voh~tions 

probal~ly about four in number (the specimens being all imperfect): 

snbangnlar on the periphery above the last one, which is biangular and 

obliquely flattened on the periphery, the lower angle less strongly 

marked anil less prominent than the npper one, and both crossed by 

strong, ronnded, vertical folds, which become obsolete just below the 

lower angulation, hut form node-like prominences on them; base of the 

last rolution strongly and rapidly contracted from the lower angu1;ltion, 

forming a short anterior prolongation or beak; the columella 

formerly quite slender, judging from the small perforation remaining 

in the east, and destitute of folds or ridges; aperture large, i~ngularly 

ovate, oblique and pointed below and strongly angular on the outer 

side; surface of the shell, except the vertical folds, nnlmown." (Whitfield) 


I 

Re~~~orlis.-This seems to be a lye11 defined species ~~~llich can he 

easily distinguished from any of its associates by reason of t,hc two m- 

volving angles of the outer volution with the distinctly flattened surface 

between. (\\Teller) 

Ra~~ye in New Jersey- 

XAVESINII : 47 

Type.-Cross\vieks Creek, N. J. 

Pyrifusus mullicaensis (Gabb) 1860 

Platc 55, Figure 1 

Ple~croto~na ~~ttellieuci~sis Gabb, 1860, Proc. Acad. Xat. Sei. Phil. (1860) 

p. 95, 111. 2, fig. 8. 

Pyrifaslis irzzillic(rensis \Vliitfield, 1392, p. 52, 111. 4, figs. 16-19, 

Pyrifitsus tvrritns Jlrhitfield, 1892, (part) p. 54, 111. 5, figs. 1-2 (not 

figs. 3.5). 

.hTeptunella illiellicae~~sis \\'hitfielcl, 1892, p. 56, pl. 4, figs. 20-21. 

Eripmltya ? pa~c/iclif~nfor~~~is \Vl~itfiel(l, 1692, p. 77, pi. 3, figs. 16-17, 

I'yrifiines s~~cllicao~tais \freller, 1907, p. 733 (part), pi. 85, figs. 9-11, 

14-15 (not figs. 12-13=P. c?ii~czts Whitfield). 

Z)eseription.-Shell suhfusiform, ~vith about five volutions, of 

~nedimn size or rather large, length above and below the point of great- 

est diameter ncarly equal, spire ol>tuscly conical with an apical angle 

of about 50'; !,he (limensions of ;I nearly coinplete intern;~l cast arc: 

total height, 36 mm. ; greatest diameter, 20.5 mm.; height of spire, 13 

mm.; height of aperture, 23 mm.; width of apcrttlre, 9.5 mm. Volutions 

ventrieose, vith deep sutures, the outer one subangular on the peri- 

pl~ery with the lower part solnewhat attenuated; aperture large, 

elongate, subelliptical, more rounded externally than on the inner side; 

eolumellar cavity in the casts broad. Surface of tl~c casts market1 by 

nulnerous obliquely vertical folds which are strongest on the largest 

portion of the volutions; other slirft~ce characters unkno~vn. (\\Teller) 

Resge in A'ee .lerse!/- 

3IT. LAIIREL-KAVESIXK: 37, 39, 43, 47, 50, 53 

TINTOX: l+eehold. 

Type.-Jlullica FIill, X. J.; ANSP 14982. 

Pyrifurus cuneus Whitfield 1892 


Pyrifiestcs c~ene~cs \fThitfield, 1892, p. 51, pl. 4, figs. 9-11, 

Pyrifustis rn~elI~~uensis, Weller, 1907, p. 733 (part) pl. 85, figs. 12, 13 

(not figs. 9-11, 14,15; not P. inullicaensis Gabb). 

Pyrifiiszts ca+teirs, Gardner, 1916, p. 460. 



Description.-"Shell of medium size, short-fusiform, nearly twice 

as long below as above the periphery of the last volution when viewed 

from in front, and almost regularly sloping from that point to the 

pointed anterior extremity, as seen in the cast; apical angle about 50' 

or 55' ; volutions about four; subangular on the periphery and marked 

by moderately distant hut distinct vertical folds, which are obsolete 

on the lower third of the volution, but increase in strength and distance 

with the increased growth of the shell. Twelve of these folds can be 

counted on the body whorl of the best preserved cast. Umbilical cavity 

in the cast, as left by the removal of the columella, large and destitute 

of markings or folds of any kind; aperture cuneate-elliptical, sharply 

pointed below and angular above; surface characters of the shell unknown." 

(Whitfield) 

Remarks.-Weller erred in believing that the specimens described 

by Whitfield as P. cuneus were young individuals of P. mullicaensk. 

Ranoe "~ in Newt .7arseu- 

~~ --- 

MT. LAUREL-&~~~SINK: 37, 39,43, 50, 53 

TINTON : Freehold. 


Maryland. 

Type.-New Jersey: ANSP 16868. 

Pyrifusus macfarlandi Whitfield 1892 


Pyrifusus lllacfarlandi Whitfield, 1892, p. 52, pl. 4, figs. 14-15. 

P~rifusus macfarlandi Weller, 1907, p. 735, pl. 85, fig. 17. 

DcsoPdpbbon.-"Shell below a medium size, short-conical or subglobose, 

shorter below than above the point of greater diameter, the 

low spire having an apical angle of nearly 90°, with the body volution 

proportionately large. Volutions four and a half to five in number, 

ventricose, the upper ones rounded on the exposed parts, even in the 

cast, with distinct, deeply marked sutures; body volution somewhat 

shouldered on the top, but not flattened ; belolxr it is short and very rapidly 

diminishing, so as to produce nearly a straight line from just below 

the point of greatest diameter to the margin of the cavity left by the 

removal of the columella or axis of the shell; aperture imperfect in 

form, but as seen by the section of the cast must have been acutely 

ovate, sharply pointed below and gradually widened upward for about 

two-thirds of its length, and rounded at the upper end; columella, as 

shown by the axial cavity, large and smooth, without folds or ridges; 

surface marked by numerous vertical folds, about eight of which may 

be counted on the outer half of the body whorl ; these not seen on the 

cast below the point of greatest diameter, indicating their absence on 

the lower part of the volution in the living shell; no remains of spiral 

lines preserved on the specimen." (Whitfield) 


GASTROPODA 73 

Remarks.-This species may be distinguished from P. mullieaensis 

(Gabb) by the more numerous vertical node-like folds on the shell and 

by its comparatively broader and shorter form. 


MT. LAUREL-NAVESINE : 53 

Type.-llullica Hill tl&fNIf - 8856 -- 5403 

1 1 

Pyrifusus ermticus Whitfield 1892 


Pyrijusus ewaticus Whitfield, 1892, p. 50, pl. 4, figs. 4-5. 

Pyrijusus erraticus Weller, 1907, p. 736, pl. 85, fig. 16. 

Descriptim.--"Shell of medium size, a very fine specimen used, 

measuring 1% inches in length; nearly equally fusiform or bieonical. 

in general outline as viewed from the back; apical angle about 50'; 

volutions, about four in number, the last one large, subangular on the 

periphery, concave above, rounded below the middle, and contracted in 

the lower part ; upper volutions convex ; suture distinct ; aperture 

elongate; canal short; the volutions crosscd by nine or ten vertical pli- 

cations, which are strong, prominent, and rounded on the larger part 

of the volution, and but faintly marked on the lower convexity of the 

last one, becoming obsolete before reaching the beak; the entire surface 

of the shell also marked by beautifully rounded, spiral lines, which are 

alternately larger and smaller, and very closely arranged; these again 

crossed by fine transverse lines of growth, which make a broad and 

rather strong retral curve from the suture to the most prominent part 

of the longitudinal plieations, bclom which point they again bend for- 

ward to the swell of the volution below; eolumella and axis unknown." 

(Whitfield) 

Remarks.-"In the recent collections of the Survey is a large, but 

somewhat imperfect internal cast of this species, which must have had a 

total height of 43 mm. when complete, which is considerably larger than 

Whitfield's type, with a height of but 31 mm. The species is a well- 

marked one and cannot be easily confused with any other in the Cre- 

taceous beds of New Jersey." 


MAGOTHY: 5 

Type.-Cliffwood, N. J. 

Pyrifusus ? elevata (Whitfield) 1892 


Turbinopsis elevata Whitfield, 1892, p. 102, pl. 12, figs. 13-14 (not figs. 

10-12=Turbimpsis eurta Whitfield). 


Turbinopsis ? clevata \\'eller, 1907, p. '797, pl. 83, figs. 14-15. 

? EJyrijn.s~rs clecatn Gardncr, 1916, p. 462. 

Doscriptio1t.-"Shell of moderately small size as indicated by internal 

casts only; spirc elevated, consisting of but feu' ~rhorls, \vI~icli 

in the casts are w~idcly disconnected, incliaating a thick shell or \\~liorls 

disconnected in the shell itself, which is most probable; volutions conrex, 

roi~nded allore and on tlie periphery, but compressed and wcdgeform 

helovr ; aperture elongate-ovate, rounded above, but ~\,eclge-sliapetl 

below; i~mbilical opening, in the cast, quite large, smooth, not shoxving 

any indication of the spiral tooth-like ridge; surface of tlie cast sho~rring 

rather distant rertical folds, but very little indication of spiral 

striae, the shell being probably too thick for them to be transmitted to 

the cast." (\Vhitficld) 

Rcmnrks.-This specics is Bno\vn only froni internal casts and is of 

tuncertain relationship. 

Range o~btside h'otu Jcrscy- 

Rfnryland. 

Serrifusus nodocarinatus JVIiitfield 1892 


Serrij?isss (Li?oj?iszis) nodocarinaf?rs \Trhitfield. 1892, p. 64, pl. 5, figs. 

22-23. 

Serrijlia~is ?~odocarinc~.tus TVeller, 1907: p. 'i60! pl. 89, fig. 13. 

Serrifasz~s nodnearinatzts Gardner, 1916, p. 455. 

Description.-"Sl~ell of medium size, abruptly fusiform in gcnt:ral 

outline; spirc I~roatl conical, the height from tlie broadcst part of the 

body volntion being somemhat less than t,hc diameter at its pcriphcry ; 

bealr short, slender; volutions thrce or four (the specimen being imperfect), 

sorne~vhat bicarinate in the middle where there is a nearly 

rcrtical, obliquely flattened area or band, above mliich the surface 

slopes rapidly to tlie suture and is very slightly concave; bclow this 

point the voh~tion contracts very abruptly to the short, sler~cler canal, 

lcaving tlie body volution some!vIiat compressed-discoidal or wheel-like 

in form, \rrhicli in tlie specinien is possibly exaggerated by vertical 

crushing; periphery of the rolutions marked by rather strong, transrerse 

node-like vertical folds, which are also continued in less strength 

abovc and belo\v, and the entire surface is occupied by spiral ridges of 

considerable strength, but which alternate in size on the lower part of 

t,lie voli~tion; fnur or fire of these rcrolring ridges occapy the upper 

sidc; about thrce mark the vertical space of tllc peripheryl ant1 seven 


or more may be counted on the lower side of the body volution, in the 

poorly prescrred specilnen used; apertore not seen." (\Vhitfield) 

Re~~rorlis.-This species is knolvn only from the type specimen and 

from a cast from l\larylan(l \\,it11 vhieh fragine~~ts of the shell lrerl: 

i~ssociate(l. 

Serrifusus crosswickensis Whitfield 1892 

Platc 58, Figure 1 

Serrificsns ? Cross~t~icke~~si.~ \\'hit,field, 1892> 17. 63, pl. 5, figs. 24-25. 

Serrifasas avosstuicl;o~l,sis 190i, p. 761, 111. 89, figs. 14-17. 

1lescriplioa.-"Sliell snlall or of medium size, biturbinatc in form, 

shorter l~elos. tlion aho~v 1.h~ middle, excli~sire of the beak, the extension 

of IT-hich is unknolvn, casts only having heen observed; spire hroadly 

coi~ical, the apical angle measuring about 55" ; volutions allout four 

and a half or five on the internal cast; angularly rentricose, vertical 

or concave on the periphery, the latter character particularly a feature 

of the body rolubion; upper side of the volutions obliquely sloping, the 

slope being somewhat greater than t,he angle of the spire, so as to reyea1 

the vertical portion of each solntion; lolver side rounded ; aperture 

nearly as broad as high, as seen in a transverse section: the outer 

lip slightly biangular, corrcs~~ondiug to t,he narrow vertical hand of 

the periphery; columella stroi~g, indicating a rather robust beak; surface 

fcat,ures nnknown. " (11'11itfield) 

Ren1arks.-As only internal casts of this ur~eomn~on species liave 

been reported, the external nature of the shell is unknown. 

Range in Nclu Jersey- 

NAVESTNIC: 37,47 

Type.-Crosswieks, N. J 

Piestochilus bell. (Gal~b) 1860 

1'lat.c 61; Figures 2: 3 

I'olirtilrtl~os bcllu D;~bb. 1660, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. I'hil., 2nd ser., rol. 

4, p. 300, pl. 48, fig. 7. 

l'oato~i~orphu (Piestochilzts) bclln \\Tl~itfiel~l, 1R92, p. 74. pl. 6, figs. 

15-18, 


7 6 CR,ETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Piestochilus bella Weller, 1907, p. 762, pl. 96, figs. 1-4; pl. 92, figs. 4-5. 

Piestochilus bella Gardner, 1916, p. 441. 

Piestocl~ilus bella Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 52, pl. 6, fig. 4. 

Description.-"Shell, as shown by the east, elongate, fusiform and 

slender, with moderately full volutions and distinct suture lines; spire 

short, the body volution as viewed from the front forming from threefourths 

to four-fifths of the entire length, and the narrow, anteriorly 

prolonged aperture more than one-half of the length; volutions four 

or more in number, the last one most ventricose above the middle of its 

length and narrowed and prolonged below; columella showing two 

strong oblique folds at about the middle of the aperture; surface unknown." 

(Whitfield) 


MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK : 58 

Rnngo outside New Jersey- 

Delaware. 

T~pe.-Delaware and Chesapealre Canal, Del. ; ANSP 14612. 

Piestochilus kanei (Gahb) 1861 


Vol~rta lif~nei Gahb, 1861, Proc. Bead. Nat. Sei. Phil. (1861), p. 323. 

I'oluton~orpha (Piestockilus) Ranei Whitfield, 1892, p. 70, pl. 6, figs. 

19-20. 

Piestochilus lianei Weller, 1907, p. 784, pl. 96, figs. 5-9. 

Description.-"Shell small, short elliptical in outline, with a short 

pointed spire and proportionally long body volution; volutions probably 

about four, ventrieose, largest above the middle and attenuate below; 

aperture large, elongate elliptical, widest above the niiddle and 

narrow below. Columella moderately strong, marked by two distinct 

and distant plications below the middle of the aperture; surface of the 

shell so far as can he seen on the inside of the east of the outer volution 

in one of the type specimens, marked by a few spiral ridges and by 

distant vertical plications or folds, but which are not transmitted to 

the internal cast in any of the individuals seen." (Whitfield) 

Range in New Jcrsey- 

MAGOTHY : 5 

WENONAH 9: 34 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINR : 47 

T!jpc.-Crosswieks, N. J. ; ANSP 14381 


I 

1 

I 

OASTROPODA 

Family Nitridae 

Piestochilus reileyi (Whitfield) 1892 


Turric~~la Reileyi Whitfield, 1892, p. 92, pl. 11, fig. 8. 

Turricula reileyi Weller, 1907, p. 791, pl. 97, fig. 10. 

Vulpecula reileyi Gardner, 1916, p. 433. 

Description.-"Shell slender, extremely elongated, turreted ; spire 

very much elevated and slender; whorls numerous, slightly convex on 

the surface and very distinctly banded on their lower margin; body 

volution proportionally more convex than the others, being swollen 

near the middle of its length; attenuate and rostrate below, and nearly 

or quite one-half the length of the shell as seen from the outside of the 

aperture; sutures very distinct, bordered by a broad band which is very 

distinctly separated from the other part of the volution by an impressed 

line nearly or quite as deep and distinctly marked as the suture line itself; 

surface of the shell marked by numerous vertical folds, with slightly 

concave spaces between; the folds are narrow and distinct, and very 

slightly bent backward in the middle of their length in their passage 

across the volution, hut not interrupted perceptibly at the line separat- 

ing the band from the body of the volution, and become obsolete on the 

rostrated part of the last one. Besides the vertical folds, the entire 

shell is marked by sharp, closely arranged spiral lines, which are finer 

and more numerous on the upper part, becoming more distant and 

stronger below, especially on the lower part of the last volution, where 

they seem to have alternated with finer intermediate striae. This latter 

feature may be only apparent, however, as the condition of the speei- 

mens is not such as entirely to establish this feature as a character of 

the shell. The crossing of the vertical folds by the spiral striae in the up- 

per volutions produces a very decided and beautifully caneellated struc- 

ture.'' (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-Specimens of this uncommon fossil generally are so 

poorly preserved that many of the generic features are unrecognizable. 

It is possible that the New Jersey species now assigned to Tzsrricula 

may belong to the genus Vulpecula. 


NAVESINK : 43 


Maryland. 

Type.-Freehold, N. J. 


CRETSCEOUS FOSSILS 

Family Volutidae 

Volutodenna woolmani TVl~itfield 1893 

Plate 59; Figure 9 

170.'~ftoder~rra wool~~!ani T\Tl~itfield; 1893, Sautilusl vol. '7: pp. 37 and 

51, pl. 2, figs. 4-5. 

I'olzctoder~na woolmani T\'eller, 1907, p. 7'74, pl. 91, figs. 18-19, 

Description.-"Shell, as shown by the ii~terllal cast, somewhat more 

than an inch in length, and having a diameter of the body volution of 

seven-sixteenths of an inch in the east, being more slender than any 

species yet cleseribed. T'olutions largest just helow the suture and attenuate 

helow: forming a moderately long heak; marked in the upper 

part by eight compar;rtively strong vertical plications, which are ohsolete 

below. Colnmella marked by three very distinct folds or ridges, 

the lorvest of ~vliich is the strongest. These are well marked on the inside 

of the upper volutions.'' (T\'hitfield) 

Rentarks.-This species is a rery distinct one, and differs from other 

members of the genus in the Nclv Jersey faunas in its smaller size and 

more slender form. (nTeller) 

Range ,in New Jersey- 

I~E~~CHANTV~IILE : 15 

1'ype.-Lenola, X. J. ; AXS1' 3i. 

Volutoderma biplicata (Gabb) 1860 


l'ol~ctilithes biplieutu. Gabb, 1860, Jonr. Bead. Nat,. Sci. Phil., 211~1 ser., 

vol. 4, p. 300, ~ 1. 48, fig. 6. 

Volutodernln biplicata TVhitfield, 1892, p. 90, pl. 10, figs. 1-2. 

lroLzrtor7ern~u biplicatc~ \\'eller, 1907, p. 775, pl. 91, figs. 13-17, 

Descviption,.-"Shell of medium size, robust, pyriform in outline, 

with a low spire and very lt~rge body volution; whorls three to four, 

ventrieose, 1;rrgest above the middle and narro~ved below; aperture 

rery large, elongate, two-thirds the length of the shell and semielliptical, 

straightened on the inner side and rounded on the outer margin; 

columella strong, marked by two strong oblique folds near the middle 

of its length; surface unknolrm, but on the inner volution of the type 

and on a smaller specimen in the eolleetion of the American Museum 

of Natural History, there are a few distant vertical plieations, faintly 

indicated, hut which (lo not estend below the most ventrieose part of 

the whorl." (Whitfield) 

Range in h'ew Jersey- 

AfERCRBNTVILLE : 14, 15, 16 

WOODBURP: 19 


Range ontsirle Xew ,Jersey- 

Delaware. 

ltype.-Burlington County ; BNSP 14420. 

Volutodenna ovata Whitfield 1892 

Plate 56, Figure 6 ; Plate 59, Figures 13, 14 

I'olatoder~sa ovata IVhitfield, 1892, p. 91, pl. 10, figs. 3-4. 

I'olutoderma ovata JVcller, 1907, p. 776, pl. 91, figs. 20-21. 

Description.-"Shell below a medium size, snbovate in general out- 

line, being large above the middle of the length and attenuated to~vard 

the base; spire short; its apical angle nearly 90' on the internal casts, 

with strong, rounded volutions and very deep, strongly marked su- 

tures; body volotion proportionally large, forming nearly the bulk of 

the cast; greatest diameter a little below the shoulder and rapidly 

diminishing below; aperture large, nearly straight on the inner mar- 

gin, strongly rounded al~ove on the outer margin, and gently curved 

;tlong the lower two-thirds of the length; columella proportionally 

strong, leaving a large cavity on removal, as seen in the cast; market1 

by two strong, very oblique plications or folds above the middle of its 

length, the upper one of which is much the smaller; volutions market1 

by distant vertical folds only faintly seen on the cast, and only on the 

upper portions n7hen visible; on the inner surface of the cast, betwean 

the volutions, the vertical plications are strongly marked, as in all tl~e 

species of the genus yet observed; but I have not seen any remains of 

spiral lines as on most of them, still, I presume they have esiste(l." 

(Whit,field) 

Ren~arks.-Close to Vokcton~orpha gabbi JVhitfield hut the latter 

has only one eolumellar fold while 1'. ouata has t\xro. 

Range in Nezc Jersey- 

MT. LBUREIJ-NAVESIXK : 37, 47, 53 

Type.-BInllica IIill? N. J.; AhIXFI. 

Volutoderma jamesburgensis Weller 1907 


Vol~ctodert~~a ja~aesbzrrgensis Weller, 1907, p. 777, pl. 91, figs. 22-23. 

Deso.iption.-"Shcll of medium size. tl~c (limensions of the type 

specimen being: height, 30 mm. ; masimum diameter, 17 mm. Volutions 

itbout four in number, the spire of moderate height, apical angle about 

58O. Suture well defined; just below the suture is a rounded ridge 

marked by conspicuous oblique costae about one millimeter apart on 



the outer volution; just below this ridge is a narrow, concave hand, 

outside of which, upon the shoulder of the volution, is a series of strong 

rounded nodes about three mm. apart from center to center on the 

outer volution, which continue longitudinally as strong, rounded ribs 

to the anterior extremity of the shell. Surface also marked by fine, ver- 

tical lines of growth; revolving lines entirely absent. The internal 

east is similar in general form, the suture is well defined, the volutions 

are flattened above, or even slightly concave, towards the aperture, 

sloping downward to the line of maximum diameter beneath the row 

of strong nodes on the exterior, helorv which the sides are nearly verti- 

cal to the suture below, or in the body volntion becoming concave to- 

wards the anterior extremity. The vertical ribs are shown on the in- 

ternal casts, but are much weaker than upon the exterior of the shell." 

(lTTeller) 

Remarks.-"This species is based upon a natural mould of the ex- 

terior of the shell with the internal east of the same individual. It is 

one of the few individuaIs of this genus from the Cretaceous formations 

of New Jersey whose external characters are known to any eonsider- 

able degree." (Weller) 

Type specimen is unique. 



Type.Jamesburg, N. J. ; (type and unique) NJSM ( 9 ). 

Volutomorpha conmdi (Cabb) 1860 

Plate 59, Figure 10; plate 60, Figures 1, 3, 5; Plate 61, :Figure 1 

Volutilithes Conradi Cabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., 

701.4, p. 300, pl. 48, fig. 10. 

Volntomorpha conradi Whitfield, 1892, p. 71, pl. 6, fig. 21; pl. 7, figs. 

1-3, 4, 5, 9. 

T7oL~~ton~orpha Gabbi Whitfield, 1892, 1). 73, pl. 7> fig. 6; p1. 8: figs. 1-4. 

T701utonwrpha conradi Weller, 1907, p. 780, pl. 92, figs. 6-7 ; p1. 93, figs. 

1-3. pl. 94, figs. 7-6. 

Volutoalorpha co?tr(~di Gardner,-1916, p. 427,111. 15, fig. 8. 

1701utomor~)ha conrarli Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 52, pl. 

6, fig. 6. 

Description.-"Shell large, some specimens apparently attaining a 

length of 4% inches, with a diameter of the largest volntion of rather 

more than 1% inches; spire short, or only moderately elevated, although 

the general form of the shell is somewhat slender, the body volution, 

& viewed on the apertnral side, forms fully four-fifths of the 

entire length, even in the condition of internal casts; upper volutious 

compact, convex on the sides, and rather squarish or suddenly rounded 

to the suture on the top ; body volution very large ztnd very gracefully 


GASTROPODA 

swollen or convex in the upper part, and prolonged and attenuated be- 

low, forming a long, gracefully tapered anterior beak with the colu- 

mella slightly twisted ; top of the volution rather suddenly contractecl 

to the suture; aperture large, very elongate-elliptical in outline and 

prolonged below, where it becomes narrowed as the outer lip approaches 

the axis; columella slightly twisted and marked by from one to three 

very oblique folds, the middle one of which is usually the strongest; 

surface of the casts usually smooth, with the exception of, in some cases 

only, a few distant vertical folds on the upper ones, and on the extreme 

upper part of the body volution; but where the external features are 

preserved, the whole shell is marked by strong, rounded, vertical folds, 

and but little less strongly marked, rounded, spiral ridges; the spiral 

ridges moderately distant on the upper part of the volution, but becom- 

ing less strongly marked and crowded, and finally almost obsolete, 

toward the base." (Whitfield) 

Re11wrks.-"Only a single true coli~mellar fold has ever been noted 

in any of the individuals properly referable to this species, and it is 

exceedingly doubtful if Whitfield was correct in his observation that 

the columella is marked by from one to three very oblique folds." 

(Gardner) 


MACOTHY: 5 

WOODBURY: P 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 37, 41, 43,46, 47, 49, 50, 53 

VINCENTOWN : (Vineentown) 


Delaware, Maryland. 

Type.-Crossmicks, N. J. ; ANSP 14375; Mullica Hill, N. J.; ANSP 

14374 (type of Volutomorpha gabbi). 

Volutomorpha ponderosa Whitfield 1892 


Volutomorpha ponderosa Whitfield, figs. 5-6; pl. 9, 

figs 13-15. 

Volutonsorpha ponderosa Weller, 1907, p. 161, pl. 95, figs. 1-2. 

Description-"Shell large and moderately ventrieose, attaining a 

Length of 7 or more inches, with a transverse diameter of nearly or 

quite 2% inches; spire moderately elevated, with depressed convex 

whorls; volutions five or more, the last one forming nearly or quite 

three-fifth of the entire length, gently convex throughout the upper 

three-fourths of its lengt,h and slightly narrowed and extended in 

front; sutures between volntions only moderate; surface, as seen on 

casts, usually smooth, but sometimes showing both vertical and spiral 


82 CRE'P:\CEOIJS FOSSILS 

ridges, while on the surfaces between the volntions of the casts very 

distinct \,ertieal and spiral ridges appear. On oue of the larger individuals 

the columellar lip appears to have been consitlerably thickened, 

and to have been but very faintly marked by a single fold, very obliquely 

placed; while on the upper portion of its surface the ridges of 

the preceding volution hare left l.11cir imprint, appearing as nearly 

l~orizontal folds, though in reality being the effect of external markings. 

The single rery oblicjue fold is placed rery near the base of the 

columella, and on son~e specimens appears only as an angulation of 

the columella." (Jl'hitfield) 

Re~~~urks.-This species is probably the largest gastropod in the 

Cretaceous faunas of New Jersey. It resen~bles 1'. conratli. but it is 

much more ponderous than that species, with a less extended anterior 

heak. The rolutions of tl~e spirt: are a!so prol)ortion;~lly much longer 

ant1 less ventricose than in that spet:ies, ant1 none of the rolntions is 

sl~o~~ldered at the top. (\\Teller) 

Ranye in New Jersey- 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINIC: 41,43, 45, 58 

Volulornorpha delawarensis (Gabh) 1861 


Vul?~ta dclazuure?~sis Gabb, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1861), 

p. 322. 

7'olzitn ? tlelawarcnsis IVhitfield, 1892, p. 84, p1. 10, figs. 5-7. 

l'olzifu~~~orpha delatunro~~sis Groot, Organist and ltich;~rds, 1954, 11. 

52, 111. 6, fig. 5. 

Description.-"Sl~ell abore a medium size, very rentricose and ponderous 

in character; height of sl~ell and transverse diameter nearly 

equal, or higher than wide ; spire low conical, the entire shell consisting 

of about four volntions; those of the spire convex, and the last one 

angnlated above and truncated below; round oentricose! or short pyriform 

on the inner half, but becoming more and more angulated, and 

son~ctimes quite angular above toward the aperture, with the snmmit 

slight,ly concave; colnn~ella t\visted, so far as can he ileterminerl from 

the casts esilmincd ; aperture large, snl~angular abore and lrroad below, 

with apparently a \vicle and deep anterior channel ; surface of the volntions 

marked by strong, distant, node-like elevations on the upper part, 

\vhich are esten(1ecl below in the form of irreg~llar rertic:al folds: visihle 

to near the base of the rolution." (Whitfield) 

Ra~~go oirtside A'ew Jersoy- 

Delaware. 

Type.-Delavare and Chesapeake Canal, Del. ; AXSP 14266. 



b1ississipl)i. and (in severa! varietal forms) from the Navsrro of Texas. 

L. rzchlei is narrower, has a more even slope from apex to aperture, and 

has less pronounced sutures. Length 41.0 mm. ; width 22.8 mm : Typ~ 

specimenis nnique." (Richards) 


WOODBURY: 23 

Tgpe.-Fellowship, N. J. (well) ; ANSP 19764. 

Family Vasidae 

Vasum conoides Whitfield 1892 


Vasum conoides TVhitfield, 1892, p. 83, pl. 9, figs. 9-10. 

Vmum conoides XVeller, 1907, p. 773, pl. 91, figs. 9-10. 

Description.-"Shell rather small, regularly conoidal ahovc and 

below the point of greatest diameter, which is at the upper edge of the 

body volution; spire longer than the shell below, as seen from the hack 

of the volution; and very evenly and gradually diminishing; number 

of volutions nnknown hut apparently numerous; apical angle about 

35'; aperture elongate, narrow, becoming pointed below, the length 

as given by projecting the spire of the shell to an imaginary apex is 

rather less than one-third ;as long as the entire length of the shell; 

columella moderately strong, marked by three proportionally strong 

folds and indications of a smaller fourth one very near the base; sur- 

face of the cast perfeetly smooth, with the exception of a broad sulcns 

marking its snrface on the last volution, at about one-third of the dis- 

tance below the upper edge, indicating either a thickening of the in- 

side of the shell or a sinuosity in the outer lip.'' (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-This species is known only from the type specimen found 

near Walnford and a poorly preserved specimen found at Mullica Hill. 

Both specimens are internal casts. 


MT. LAUREL-KAVESINK: 46, 53 

Family Pleurotomidae 

Citham rnullimensir \Vhitfielcl IS92 

l'late 62, Figure 9 ; Plate 63, Figure 2 

Cithara Nullicaensis Whitfield, 1892, p. 106, pl. 13, figs. 2-6. 

Cithara mullicaensis TVeller, 1907, p. 804, pl. 98, figs. 22-28. 

Description.-"Shell moderately large and robust for its length, 

with a short, obtusely pointed spire and very large body whorl, which 

constitutes nearly the entire bulk of the shell; the spire, measuring 


Liopeplum cretaceum (Conrad) 1858 


Vol~rtilitAes evetaac11111 Conrad, 1858, .Toor. Acad. Xat. Sei. Phil., 2nd 

ser.? 1~01. 3, p. :1:13, pi. :15? fig. 16. 

Liopeplzt~~~. cvctncclo?~ Gardncr, 1916, 11. 431, pl. 15; fig. 5. 

Description.-"Sl~ell thin? highly polishecl, hroadly fusiform, dorsorentr 

rally compressed; aperture little more than half as high as the entire 

shell; whorls closely appressed, prohably about six in number, suhtrapezoidal 

in outlinc, those of tlie spire incrcasing uniformly in size, 

the body whorl \,cry feeblg constricted upon merging into the pillar; 

external surface smooth, excepting the broad and somewhat irregular, 

incremental eorr~~gations; growth sculpture rery prominent upon the 

later portion of the ultima, the incrcmentals hroa sut,ure only moderately impressed. 

Whorls co\~crecl xvith round-crested spiral ridge of callus. 

Upper three \vhorls ornamented wit11 small, leu, closcly spaced crcnulations: 

about I6 or 17 on the largest ~vhorl. Growth lincs clearly shown 

on the body x~horl: rery indistinat on the sl)irc. :\perturc elongate as in 

1,. leiotler~t~ir~; (Conrad), cndins in ;ulterior ca~~al. Outer lip broadly 

arched. Colu~~lclla not well esposecl on the type, but apparently straight 

iu~d hearing folds." (Richards) 

Remarks.-"The shell is closely related to L. leiotlern~r~~~ (Conrad), 

kno\rn from the Afonmouth formation of Maryland, the Ripley of 


GASTROPODA 85 

from the slvell of the body volution when looking upon tlie front of the 

shell, forming about two-fifths of the entire height; rolntions four and 

a half to five in number, short, indistinctly marked and the sutures 

obscure; the body whorl somewhat produced below, forming a short 

canal; aperture large, elliptical, pointed above and notched belorv; 

and about equaling one-half the length of the shell; surface of the shell 

marked with strong, longitudinal ribs, which are quite distant and 

number only about 10 on the body whorl; the ribs are strong, sharply 

elevated, with concave interspaces, and with fine longitudinal lines of 

growth marking the surfaces; and the whole crosscd by elevated thread- 

like raised lines, distant and distinct, but most plainly marked on the 

ridges; on the internal casts, the most usual condition, the spire is more 

elevated and the form less robust, with more distinct sutures and the 

volutions more ventrieose, while their surfaces are less strongly marked 

by the longitudinal ribs, and no spiral lines are visible; no evidence of 

markings can be detected on the columella, either on the shell or on the 

cast. The outer lip of the aperture appears to have been slightly thick- 

ened, hut no evidence of internal striae exists. The features of the notch 

in the outer tip cannot be ascertained." (Whitfield) 

Ranp in New Jerse?l- 

DZT. LAUREL-NAVESINE: 37,39,40,47, 53 

Type.-Afiillica Hill, N. J., AXSP (?). 

Cithara crosswickensis Whitfield 1892 


Cithara Crosswickensis Whitfield, 1892, p. 107, pl. 13, figs. 7-8. 

Cithara crosswicke~sis Wellcr, 1907, p. 603, pl. 98, figs. 20-21. 

Description.-"Shell of moderate size or larger, suhfusiform or 

turriculate, the spire as long as or longer than the length of the body 

volution and beak, only moderately slender, the apical angle being 

about 30" to 35", and the number of volutions probably about five; all 

the specimens being imperfect and mostly casts, the exact number can 

not be determined; body volution large in proportion to the others, 

quite ventricose in the upper part and contracted below to form the 

short beak; upper volutions only moderately ventrieose; suture, in the 

casts, strongly marlred and the volutions rather abrupt on the upper 

margin; aperture large, angular above, and more sharply so below; 

columella strong, leaving a moderately large cavity by its removal, 

which, in the most perfectly formed cast, shows evidence of a single, 

rather strong, oblique plication on the lower part; volutions marked by 

distant, strong and angular vertical folds, extending from the suturc 

to near the base of the beak on the body volution, and from suturc to 

suture on the others, even on the casts; surface of the shell marked hy 

very fine transverse striae parallel to the folds, which are only slightly 

directed forward in their lower part; and by extremely faint indica- 


86 CRETACEOlIS FOSSILS 

tions of faint thread-like, raised, spiral lines, divided by broad flat- 

tened interspaces." (lt'hitfield) 

Rentarks.-This species closely resembles C. 111 vl'ioael~sis \\'hitfield. 

Internal casts of Cithara crosswickenais also resemble those of Belli- 

fzcszts medians (llThitfield) but the latter contains a eolumellar fold. 


MT. LAUREL-NAVESINIC: 47 

Type.-Crossmieks, N. J.; ANSP 19701. 

Family Caneellaridae 

Caveola subalta (Conrad) 1869 


Caneellaria sz~balta Conrad, 1869, Am. Jour. Conch.: sol. 5, p. 100, pl. 

9, fig. 22. 

Cancellaria (illerica) snba1,ta Whitfield, 1892, p. 95, pl. 12, figs. 24-25. 

Caltcellaria szcbnlta Wellcr, 1907, p. '792, pl. 98, fig. 1. 

Cuueola subalta Stephenson, 1941, p. 363. 

Desoiption.-"Shell small, sleniler or elongl~te-fusiform, with an 

elevated spire eomposed of moderately convex volutions, which may 

have been, as the author says, six in number; sutures quite dist,inct; 

body rolution proportionally large, forming eonsiilerably more tha~ 

half the length of the shell; apert,ure rather large, ohli~lnely elliptical 

with the outer side more ronnded than the inner; acute above and apparently 

so belo~v ; outer lip strongly crcnnlate within; inner lip coated 

with a cleposit, but not snfficicnt,ly heavy to eonceal the surface markings 

of the shell beneath it, which show through and present so~nc~vliat~ 

t,he appearance of plaits; axis apparently slightly perforated; surface 

marked by strong and deep vertical and spiral grooves with sl~arp 

ridges between, which produce aspirate nodes by their intersection; 

11 or 12 of the longitndinal ridges may be counted on the inner half 

of t.he last volution ant1 six of the spiral ridges above the top of the: 

aperture. The upper two or three volut.ions appear to have been snlooth, 

or nearly so, a.3 originally ~lescribecl." (Whitfield) 

Columella marked by txo ~vi.ell-clcfinecl revolving folds 11elo1~ t.11~ 

mid-lreight of the aperture. 

Rusge ia A'ew .Jersey- 

~~ERCHI\NT\~ILLF, : 8, 9 

WOODBURY: 19, 20, 24 

T!~~)e.-IIa~ldonfield: N. J. ; ANSP 14961. 


Cancellaria smocki Tf'eller 1907 


C(t.i~cellnria slrlocki TVcller: 1907, p. 793, pl. 98, figs. 2-3. 

Deso.Lptio~~.-Shell with about three volutions in tlie cast; the 

~linlensions of two of t,l~e t,ypc specinlens are: height, 18.5 mm. and 15.5 

mm.; m;lsimu~n cliameter, 12 mm. and 10 mm.; height of aperture, 12 

mm. aurl 9.5 mm. Tl~c upper surface of the volutions is nearly horizont,;rl 

adjacent to t,lie suture, but the sides round rapidly dovn\vard 

becoming nearly parallel with the axis of the shell at about one-fourth 

the clistance from the suture to tlie anterior margin of the outer volution, 

from this point the surface is gently convex to a point ahout twothirds 

the distance from the suture to the anterior margin, below which 

it contracts r;~tl~er abruptly lo tlie umbilical margin ; the shell is not 

produceil int,o an anterior e;~nnl. In the casts the umbilical carit,y is 

narrolv: indicating an inrperforatc or a narrowly perforate shell! 

~:oln~nella mal.ketl h? three faint revolving folds sitnt~ted helo~v the middle 

of the inner lip of the apert,llre. Surface of the shell as seen in iurpressions 

of tlie exterior, marlcerl 11- ratller strong, regular transverse 

ribs which enrre l~acl

CRETIICEOUS FOSSILS 

ish-topped spiral ribs, separated by interspaces of equal or slightly 

greater width; these ribs decrease slightly in width and strength from 

the shoulder domn~vard. The shoulder bears three small spirals, thc 

ripper one of which is much stronger than thc two tiny ones below it. 

Four of the larger spirals are exposed on each of the earlier whorls 

between the suture belolr and the shoulder above. Axial ribs are pres- 

ent, extending well down across t,hc base, and are estimated to number 

15 or 16 on the body whorl. With {;he exception of an occasional swollen 

varix-like rib the axials are rather weak; they produce dull, subrec- 

tangular nodes at the intersections \!,it11 the spiral ribs; where the 

axials cross the sllouldcr above they bend forward and are quite weak. 

The features of the apertnre and columclla cannot be accurately deter- 

mined in detail but they appear to be normal for the genus; however, 

the aperture is lanceolatc, the outer lip is broadly convex, and the im- 

pression of a row of short crennlations is present on the inner margin 

of the outer lip of each of two internal molds." (Stephenson) 

Approximate dimensions of ho!otype: height 12 mm., diameter 

6.5 mm. 

Ran~e in New Jerse?/- 

RARITAN : lh 

Tgpe.-Sayreville, N. J. USNM 108677. 

Family Turritidae 

Turricula scalarifonnis Whitfield 1892 


Turricula scalariformis Whitfield, 1892, p. 95, pl. 11, fig. 9. 

Turricula scalariforn~is Weller. 1907, p. 789, pl. 97, fig. 11. 

Description.-"Shell greatly elongated, the spire being propor- 

tionally slender and composed of numerous volntions, mhich are moder- 

ately convex, and moderately increasing in height with additional 

growth; number unknown; the spccimcn consists only of a portion of 

the spire containing about five rolutions, the apex and body volution 

being absent; surface marked by strong vertical folds ~vhieh are sep- 

arated by concave, equally wide depressions, quite straight and ridged 

in their direction from suture to suture, and number about 16 to each 

volution; folds crossed by spiral lines, about eight of which can he 

counted on the exposed part of the volut.ions, and raised and ronndeil 

on the top." (Whitfield) 

Rentark$.-This species is known only from a crushed and imperfect 

type specimen. It differs from T?crricula reileyi and T. leda in its more 

complex volutions and its stronger vertical folds which are not flex- 

uose between the sutures. Whitfield's illustration makes the spiral 

lines appear much stronger than they actnnlly are in the type specimen. 



NAVESINE : 41 

GASTROPODA 

Type.-Holmdel, N. J. NJSM 7660. 

Turricula leda \Vhitficld 1892 


~urricula letla Whitfield, 1892, p. 93, pl. 11, fig. 7. 

Tz~rricxla leda \Veller, 1907, p. 790, pl. 97, fig. 9. 

Descriptioa.-"Shell fusiform, with a moderately elevated and 

turreted spire, the apical anglc of which is somewhat less than 30'; 

volutions five or six in number, flattened in the direction of the spire, 

or very little eonvex on the surface, and bordcred on the lower margins 

in the cast by a distinct band, which forms about one-third of the 

height; body ~olution proportionally rather more convex in the middle 

than the others and constricted below, forming a beak of moderate 

length; the height of this volution as seen from the back of the outer 

lip forms, with the beak, rather more than one-half of the entire length 

of tlic shell ;shell m;~rked t,liro~~gl~out by clistinct verticlil ridges or folds, 

more numerous and more closely arranged on the body whorl than on 

those above? esccpt perhaps the apical ones, and have a slight backward 

curvature in t,l~c middle in passing from suture to suture; the shell also 

marked by spiral ridges which, on thc body volution, are of nearly 

equal strength with the vertical folds, but are invisible on the other rolutions 

in the specimens used." (Whitfield) 

Remarks.-This species differs from Vz~bpccula reileyi in its less 

slender form and its proportionally shorter spire with a smaller num- 

ber of volutions; and in the coarser surface markings. (Weller) 


NAVESINK : 43 

Type.-Freehold, N. J. ; (type and unique). 

Surcula strigosa Oabb 1876 


Szbrcula strigosa Gabb, 1876, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. for 1876, 

p. 279. 

S. Strigosa Whitfield, 1892, p. 105, pl. 13, fig. 1. 

Description.-"Shell elongated, turreted, with an elevated spire; 

the number of rolutions unknown, there being now in existence only a 

fragment of a specimen, consisting of part of the body volution and next 

above; body volution proportionally large as compared mith the other, 

eoncave on the upper surface and gently convex on the middle portion, 

the anterior beak and canal being absent; the next volution above the 

principal one suhangular at the upper third of its height and marlred 



by ten or twelve strong, rounded, vertical folds, and also by n~oderately 

strong spiral lines; while the body volntion has also been marked by 

the vertical folds, but less strongly than the other, but is closely covered 

by nearly equal, vertical and spiral lines eancellating the entire sur- 

face; one of the latter, at the lower edge of the concave upper surface, 

and another a short distance belolr-, have been stronger, and those on the 

lower half of the volution are somewhat alternating in size." (\\'hit,- 

field) 

Remarks.-Type specimen is unique. 


NAVESINK: 41 

Type.-I.Iolmclel, N. J.; NJSM 7641. 

Family Acteonidae 

Acteon cretacea Gabb 14Gl 


Tornnfella Forbes~ 1845, Quart. Jour. Grol. Soe. Lond.: vol. 1: p. 63! 

text fig. c. 

Actaeon cretacea Gabh, 1861, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (1861) p. 318. 

Actaeon ovoidoa Gabb, 1861, Proe. Aead. Nat. Sei. Phil. (1861) 11. 31!). 

Actaeon cretacea IVhitfield, 1892, p. 158, pl. 19, figs. 9-12. 

Cii&aLia ouoidea IVhitfielcl, 1892, p. 162, pl. 20, figs. 5-6. 

Actaeon s~rbovoirles Whitfield, 1892, p. 155, pl, 19, figs. 14-16. 

Actueon cretaceaIVeller, 1907, p. 8U5, pl. 99, figs. 1-6 (part). 

Description.-Shell variable in sizc, snbovoid iri general form, wit11 

a moderately elevated spire; the dimensions of two individuals are: 

height, 39 mm. and 20 mm. ; maximum diameter, 25 mm. and 11.5 m~n. ; 

height of spire, 10 mm and 7 mm. ; height of aperture, 29 mm. and 1:I 

mm. Volutions four or five, with distinctly marked sutures in the cast; 

body volution large, forming the greater bulk of the shell, moderately 

convex in the middle and slightly pointed below; apcrture large, about 

two-thirds of the total height of the shell, pointed at the upper end, 

and moderately increasing in width anteriorly, its greatest width eonsiderably 

belolv the inid~lle, ohtnssly pointeil \~(:lorv. The columcllar 

cavity in the casts rather wide and furnished with ;r single motlerately 

strong tooth at about tlie broadest part of tlie aperture; which is often 

but weakly developed; surface of the shell ohscl~rely ~narlied on the cast 

by a few rather broad spiral lines, mhieh externally, as indicated by impressions, 

are narrow impressed lines. (\ITeller) 

Range is Xew Jevse!j- 

IVOODBTJRY : 20 

TVEiVONAH : 34 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 37, 47 


Type.-Crosswicks, N. J. ; ANSP 18778 ; Cross\vicks, N. J. ; ANSP 

15779 (type of 4cfoeon ouoi~len ilnd 11. SR~JOI:O~~CJ). 

Acteon forbesiana Whitfield 1892 


l'ornatella Forbes, 1845, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Lond., vol. 1, p. 63, 

text. fig. c. 

Acteon Porbesiana, \fThitfield, 1892, p. 157, pl. 9, figs. 17-22, 

Actcon crctacea Weller, 1907, (part) p. 805, not p1. 99, figs. 1-6. 

Actcocina forbesiana Gardner, 1916, p. 410. 

Description.-"Slicll of ahout a me~linm size for the genus, broadly 

ovate or ovoid in. outline, spire short, obtusely rounded, middle portion 

of the shell subcylindrical and the base obtusely pointed, having 

nearly the same angle as that of the spire. Volutions from four to five 

in nu~nbcr, closely coiled and rising but slightly one above another; 

body volution very slightly cliamfcrecl just helow t,he suture, presenting 

an almost imperceptible angle a little below the suture, below which 

it is nearly cylindrical to hclon the middle of its length, and obtusely 

pointed at the loxver extremity. Aperture t,wo-thirds the length of the 

shell, and considerably longer than the dinmeter of the body rolution, 

very narrow at thc upper piirt, but graclually widening below, rounded 

in front. Columella comparatively strong, hearing a single oblique 

ridge near the middle of its lengtl~, an11 having t,he margin thickened 

below it, and around the base of the aperture, as seen by the impression 

of these features on the internal casts. Surface of the casts marked hy 

rather fine, closely arranged, spiral lines, which may have heen punctate 

on the shell, as on one of thc casts there are indications of such a 

fcature having existell; this, however, is by no means certain. No transverse 

markings, other than perhaps fine lines of growth, arc indicated 

on any of the specimens present." (T\Tliitfield) 

Range in New Jcrsey- 

? 

Range outside New Jerscy- 

Maryland. 

llypc.-New Jersey; ANSP 18777. 

Acteon gabbana (Whitfield) 1892 


Actaeonina biplicata Gabb, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. (18fi9) 

p. 93, fig. 13, pl. 2. (not Actaeon biplicata d'orbigny, 1850). 

Actaeon gabbana Whitfield, 1892, p. 156, pl. 19, figs. 23-25. 

Actaeon gabbana Weller, 1907: p. 807 (part), not pl. 99, figs. 7-8 = 

A'oi~acteonina sp. 



Acteon gabbana Gardner, 1916, p. 398. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, elongate ovate or subcylin- 

drical in outline, spire moderately elevated, entire length and number 

of volutions unknown. Body volution cylindrical in the upper half, 

obtusely rounded below. Aperture narrow, pointed and very eontrae- 

ted above and rounded below, about four-fifths ;rs long as the length 

of the body volution, measured on the same side. Columella slightly 

twisted below and marked by a single tooth near the base, as determined 

by the groove showing on the cast. Surface of the shell marked by fine 

spiral lines, the number undeterminable from the specimens examined." 

(Whitfield) 

The dimensions of an internal east incomplete at the apex are: 

height, 25.5 mm. ; if complete, it would doubtless be at least 30 mm. ; 

maximum diameter, 11.5 mm. ; height of aperture, 18.5 mm. 



TINTON: 63 


Maryland. 


Nonacteonina sp. 


Acteon gabbana Weller, 1907, p. 808, pl. 99, figs. 7-8. 

No?mteonina sp. Stephenson, 1941, p. 382. 

An internal mold which IVeller figured and referred to Acteon gab- 

ba.m Whitfielcl is not that species and should be assigned to the genns 

Nonacteonina. 


WOODBURY: 19 

Family Ringiculidae 

Avellana bullata (Morton) 1834 


Tmnitella ? bullata Morton, 1834, Synop. Org. Rem. Cret. Gr. U. S., 

p. 48, pl. 5, fig. 3. 

Auellana bullata Whitfield, 1892, p. 163, pl. 20, figs. 1-4. 

Avellana bullata Weller, 1907, p. 808, pl. 99, figs. 9-11. 

Avellana bullata Gardner, 1916, p. 403. 

Auellana bullata Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, p. 52, pl. 6, fig. 7. 

Description.-"Shell large for the genus, attaining fully an inch 


in length; very globose, the diameter being nearly as great as the height, 

at least equaling seven-eighths of the height. Spire low and rounded, 

and the base only slightly more pointed. Volutions between three and 

four in number, the outer half of the last one more abruptly deflected 

downward at the suture than the preceding ones, but again elevated 

uear the aperture. Aperture narrow, pointed above and widest below 

and ronnded ; the length equal to about four-fifths of the entire length 

of the shell; columellar margin thickened and marked by horizontal 

ridges on the upper two-thirds of its length, and by two very strong, 

ridge-like teeth or plications below the middle, the npper of which is 

the stronger. Base and outer lip slightly thickened. Snrfaee of the 

shell, as shown on the cast, marked by fine spiral lines, and by transverse 

lines of gromth. Of the spiral lines about 30 may be counted on 

the outer half of the body whorl of the larger individual, those near the 

hnsc being coarser than tl~ose above, but gradually becoming fainter 

in strength. On one of Dr. Morton's types the transverse lines are regular 

and but little less strongly marked than the spiral lines, so that 

the surface under a glass looks to be cut up into small nearly equal 

solid nodes." (Whitfield) 



NAVESINE : ? 


Delaware. 

Type.-New Jersey ANSP 197027 

Avellana pelagana Stephenson 1936 


Avellana pelagana Stephenson, 1936, Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 47, 

p. 403, pl. 5, figs. 19-20. 

Avella~~a pelagana Richards, 1943, p. 28, pl. 5, fig. 18. 

Description.-"Shell of medium size, rotund, broadly rounded 

over the apex. Spire very low. Protoconch not well preserved. Whorls 

354, closely appressed, expanding rapidly; sides of whorls broadly 

rounded. Suture slightly impressed. Body whorl broadly and regularly 

rounded, uniformly ornamented with about 26 regular, low, 

round-crested, faintly punctate spiral ribs, separated by narrower, 

punctate inter-spaces, the punctate markings are fine and obscurely 

preserved and do not show in the figures; 5 or 6 of the ribs are exposed 

on the penultimate whorl. 

Aperture subcreseentic, acutely subangular at the rear, where it is 

narrowly channeled, moderately wide in the central part, sharply but 

regularly rounded at the front. Outer lip thick, regularly varicose, the 

posterior cnd of the varix rising a little above the suture; inner margin 

smooth. Inner lip, broadly excavated anteriorly, forming a thin callus 


94 CRETBCEOUS FOSSILS 

which spreads noticeably forward on the parietal wall, connecting at 

each end with the varix of the outer lip. Columella bearing three nar- 

ro\v, prominent, round-crested, nearly horizontal folds, the posterior 

one of which is a little the weaker. 

Dimensions of the holotype: height, 17.8 millimeters; diameter, 

14.3 millimetcrs." (Stephenson) 

Ren1arks.-"This species is not closely related to any of the four 

or five species of t,lle genus previously described fro111 the Upper Cre- 

taceous deposits of the Atlantic Coastal Plain." (Stephenson) 

Range in A'ezu Josey- 

RARITBX : 1 

Range outside .Veto Jersey- 

Banquereau, Nova Scotia. 

Type.-Ranquercan, Xova Seotia; l'cabody Museum, Yale Univ. 

14857. 

Avellana costata (,lohnson) 1698 


Cintclia costut(c Johnson, 1898, Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. N. J., for 1897, 

p. 264. 

Avcllana costata Weller, 190i, p. 810, pl. 99, fig. 21. 

Avellana costata Gardner, 1916, p. 405. 

Description.-"Shell with four whorls, spire prominent, body 

whorl with from 12 to 13 revolving grooves, which form an equal number 

of smooth, flat, rcrolving costae; these average about double the 

width of the grooves. In one specimen the third :md fourth costae 

from the suture are about twice as wide as the others, and the two lower 

costae are divided by a minute, impressed line. The first spiral whorl 

has six and the second five revolving grooves. Apical whorl smooth, 

suture deeply impressed. Aperture narrow, oblique, lip broad, thick 

and erenulatcd on the inner margin with eight small teeth-like projections, 

and extending to the suture, where it joins the callus of thc peristome, 

which is continuous to the base of the eolu~nclla; base with t.1~0 

oblique folds, abovc which is a prominent fold or plate extending at 

almost right angles to the colnmella; between this and the posterior 

angle of the aperture is a small, tooth-like projection. 

:\It.: 4; diam.: 2% mill." (.Jol~nson) 

Remarks.-The type specimen is thc only example of this species 

known from New Jersey. 

Range in New Jersc!/- 

WOODBURY: 22 


Maryland. 

Type.-Mt. Laurel well, N. J. ; ANSP 691. 


GASTROPODA 95 

Cinulia naticoides (Gahb) 1860 

Plate 64, ]figure 3 

ilcteeolaiu naticoides Gabh, 1860, Jour. llcall. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., 

rol. 4, p. 299, p1.48, fig. 2. 

Cinlilia (Oligptgcho) ?~nticoides X'hitfield, 1892, p. 161, p1. 19, figs. 

28-30. 

Ciaz~l,ia ?taticoides l\Teller, 1907, 1). 811, pl. 99, figs. 12-13. 

Cin~ilin ~)~~~ti~:oitles Garilner: 1916, 1,. 402. 

1)escription.-Shell small, subglobular in form, the dimensions of 

;a nearly perfect internal east being; height, 9 mm. ; diameter, 8.8 mm. 

Volutions about three in number, spire very low, nearly conforming 

with the rotundity of the body volntion. Apcrture narrowly ovate, 

;~l:ollt two-thirds as high as the borly roiution. xi(11:st lielom, pointed 

above. Outer lip thickened and crenulate within. Columella short, the 

colu~nellar lip marked by a single rather strong revolving fold, shown as 

it groove in the casts, sitnatcd low clown. Surface of the shell nlarketl 

by fine revolving lines very faintly sho\vn on the casts. These lines are 

sliglitly raised and rounded on the casts, from 20 to 30 being prescnt 

on the body volution. (\Teller) 

Re~narks.-Similt~r to tl~:clla?~n bt~llata (Alorton) but has a single 

colu~~~ellar fold and is eonsi


per end perceptibly the sn~allest, and the point of greatest diameter 

rather below the middle of the lengtl~. Tipper end slightly truncate, and 

in the cast rather strongly perforate, indicating ;I solid axis or spire of 

considerable dimensions, the outer lip of the apcrture rising somewhat 

above the truncation; aperture very elongate: narrow and rounded 

above, scarcely widening for the upper third of its length, then rather 

rapidly expanding below, but principally on the inner side, to twice 

the width at the lower third of that of the upper third of the length; 

base pointedly rounded and projecting considerably below the oppo- 

site part of the body whorl. Columella thickened and showing slight 

indications of an angularity on its inner edge, not visible except with a 

glass, looking within the cavity, then only on the larger well preserved 

specimens. Surface marked throughout with fine, nearly equidistant, 

spiral, depressed lines and obscure transverse nndulations of irrezu- 

larity of growth." (Whitfield) 


&IT. LAUKEL-NAT'ESINK: 37,40,47,53 


Maryland, Alabama, hfississippi. 

Family A~:teocinidae 

Cylichna recta Gabb, 1860 


Bnlla recta Gahb, 1860, Jonr. Ac:~d. Nat. Sci. Phil., 2nd ser., vol. 4, 

p. 302, pl, 48, fig. 16. 

Cyliel~na recta TVhitfield, 1892, p. 164, pl. 20, figs. 10-11. 

Cylichna recta TVeller, 1907, p. 814, pl. 99, figs. 17-18. 

Cylichna recta Gardner, 1916, p. 411, pl. 18, figs. 10.11. 

Cylichm recta Wade, 1926, p. 106, pl. 34, figs. 18-20. 

Description.-"Shell small, measuring only abont half an inch in 

extreme length, form cylindrical, largest below, with nearly straight 

sides; spire deeply sunken in the cast; aperture large and the lip nearly 

straight on the sides, hut gradually expanding below; columella curvcd : 

surface unknown." (Whitfield) 


WENONAH: 34 

MT. LAUREL-NAVESINK: 43, 57 


Maryland, Mississippi, Tennessee. 

Type.-Burlington Co., N. J. ; ANSP 18782. 


Bulla macrostoma Gabb 1860 


Bt~lla macrostoma Crabb, 1860, Jour. Acad. A'at. Sei. Phil., 2nd ser., 

vol. 4, p. 301, pl. 48, fig. 15. 

Rz~lla macrostoma Weller, 1907, p. 812, pl. 99, figs. 19-20. 

Description.-Shell subglobular with two or three volutions, the 

length of a crushed individual being 34 mm., and its width, somewhat 

increased by crushing, 28.5 mm. Aperture very broad, broadly rounded 

in front and narrowly rounded posteriorly. Surface marked only by 

lines of growth. (Weller) 

Remarks.-The New Jersey specimen is badly crushed. 

Range ill New Jersey- 

RED BANK: Near Middletown. 

Range ontside Xew Jersey- 

Alabama, &Iississippi. 

Type.-1'r;lirie Bluff. Ah.; :\SSl' 30727. 

Niscellaneous specimens 

Stephenson (1054) noted and figured six gastropods from the Rari- 

tan formation at Sayreville, N. J. with only generic identification. 

Thcse were: lIelieacantltns? spp. A and B, "Pyrgulifera" sp., Strep- 

siduraspp. A and B, and Pirsila sp. 


CR,ETACEOIiS SCIIPHOPOI)I\ OF NEIfT JERSEY 

by 

HORACE G. RICHARDS 

Dentaliurn subarcuaturn Conrad 1853 


Denlalilrtti subarcziatzcni Conrad, 1853, Jour. Aead. Nat. Sci. Phil., 

2nd ser., vol. 2, p. 276, pl. 24, fig. 13. 

Denfalitcni s?~barcuat?in~ Whitfield, 1892, p. 166, pl. 20, figs. 19-24. 

Ue?~tnli~ctt~ s~~barcuattc~t~ Weller, 1907, p. 661, pl. 75, figs. 1-2. 

Description.-Shell small, usually preserved in the form of casts, 

in ~vhich condition it is circular in cross section, gradually tapering, 

slencler, and gently areuate ; a large individual 47 mm. in length has a 

maximum ~liameter of 5 mm.: ;ind a minimum diameter of 2 mm. Sarface 

of the casts smooth or ~vith faint, longitudinal ridges; mhen pcrfeetly 

preserved they are marked along the median line of the dorsal 

or concave side by a slightly elevated, rounded ridge with a flattened 

area on each side, and upon the ventral side by a pair of depressed lines. 

Snrfaee of the shell marked externally, as shown by impressions of tlic 

ontside, by about 12 angular, longitudinal ribs, and by fine annular 

striae. (\\'ellei-) 

Ren~nrlis.-Formerly fairly conllnon at Iiorillarcl, hut not oecur- 

ing in recent collections. The t,ype is an internal east, apparently from 

the Merchantrille forn~ation, which s11on.s faint indications of tlic es- 

ternal longitudinal ribs. The IVoodbury specimens agree with the type 

in curvature and dimensions. D. ripleyana Gabh from Alabama is prob- 

ably identical with this species. 

Range in .New Jarsoy- 

MERCHANTVIIJLE: 8, 10, 15, 17 

IVOODBURY: 18,19, 20,24 

ENGLISHTOWN: 26 


Alabama. 

,I I ypc.-New Egypt, New Jersey. ANSP. 

Cadulus obnutus Conrad 1869 


Gadus obnutus Conrad, 1869, Am. Jour. Conch., vol. 5, p. 101, pi. 9, 

fig. 18. 

Ca(11clus obnutz~s Weller, 1907, p. 663, pl. 75, figs. 3-4. 

Description.-Shell small, the length of an average specimen being 



4 mm., and its maximum diameter 1 mm.; slightly arcuate, contracted 

at each end, somewhat inflated in the central region. Surface smooth. 

(Weller) 

Remarks.-The shell is so small that it is easily overlooked. The 

specimens from Lorillard are preserved in the form of internal casts, 

hut at Haddonfield, the shell itself is preserved. 



Type-Haddonfield, N. J. ANSP 19502. 

Dentaliurn inomaturn Wade 1926 


Dentaliunt inornatu.na Wade, 1926, p. 100, pl. 33, figs. 1,2. 

Description.-"Shell or tube small and fragile, elongate subtubular 

or suheonical, gently curved and flattened along the medial and anterior 

portions of the tube ; apieal tip broken away; aperture margin broken 

away; external surface smooth and glazed; faint irregular growth 

lines may he observed beneath the glazed surface; internal surface 

smooth; aperture subelliptical. Slightly imperfect individual, length 

6.2 mm.; maximum diameter 1.6 mm." (Wade) 

Rentarks.-Specimens of a De?ttalium found at Haddonfield an11 in 

the Mount Laurel well are apparently this species. 




Tennessee. 

Type.-Coon Creek, Tenn. USNIZ. 


I 

CRETACEOUS NAUTILOIDS OF XEX' JERSEY 

In North America Late Mesozoic nautiloids are of \\ridespread oc- 

currence, are not particularly rare, and are locally rather abundant,. 

However, their variety is limited, and only five genera arc knomn to 

be represented in our Cretaceous strata: Cymatocerm, Paracj~n~ato- 

ceras, Eleminautilus, Auplithes, and Eutrephoceras. The first tmo of 

these belong in the family Cymatoceratidae, which in 1945 was treated 

in detail by Miller and IIarris', who discussed all of the American 

species known at that time; most of them are Lower Cretaceous in age, 

as are the single knomn representatives of Hominat~tilus and Angu- 

lathes. Eutrephoceras is therefore the only genus that has been found 

to occur in any abundance in the North American Upper Cretaceous. 

It is known to he of widespread distribution in those strata, and alto- 

gether we have been able to assemble almost a hundred specimens from 

six states. In addition, the literature contains data in regard to forms 

from these and ten other states and from one of the provinces of Canada. 

1 Family Eutrephoceratidae Miller 

In 1951 Miller ~ointed out that the genus Eut~ephocerm is not 

particularly close to Naz~tilus, with which it had previously been classed 

in the family Nautilidae. He therefore established the monogeneric 

family Eutrephoceratidae. Typical representatires of it have globnlar 

or subglobular nautiliconic conchs, small umbilici, relatively smootl~ 

testsa, more or less straight and directly transverse external sutures, 

and small central or subcentral orthochoanitic siphuncles. The internal 

sutures form a broad shallow rounded dorsal lobe which is due to the 

involution of the conch and not to an inflection of the septa. Annular 

lobes are present in some forms and absent in others-they are most 

probably of little taxonomic significance. 

Geographically this family seems to be of world-wide distribution. 

Stratigraphically it ranges from the Cretaceous to the Oligocene, inclusive, 

and it may be represented also in the Jurassic and the Miocene. 

In North America it is most abundant in the Upper Cretaceous and the 

Eocene. 

Genus Eutrephoceras Hyatt 

The original description of this genus, which was published in 1804, 

contains the statement "type Ez~trepllocerns Deliayi." Its author, 

1 Miller. A. X.. and Harris. Robert A,. North American Cymatoceratidse (Mesozoic Nautilotdea): 

lour. Paleant., vol. 19, pp. 1-13, pls. 1-5, 1915. See also Psracgmatoecras milleri 

Humphrey (Gcol. Soc. Am., Bull.. vol. 60. P. 119. 1 1. fig. I: pl. 5. 6ga. 1, 2. 1919). 

However. Eutrcphoeerar? hutonenre (Martin) Pr~m near the Oligocene-Miocene bovndary 

an the island of Butvng IButonI Indoneria bears prominent lon~ifvdinal rib-see Leidsche 

Gcol. Mrded.. d. 6, efl. I, pp. 30h, PI. 5. 6;s. 31, 31a. 


102 C1t.ErETACEVVS FOSSILS 

Hyatt, then described some specimens from " Dakotah, Cretaceous:" 

11nt dicl not mcntion any from Xc\v dersey, h he nee cilme the type nlaterial 

of E. rlekwi. Accordingly tllere has al\~.tlys been an open questioll 

as to whether the genotype is E. deka:ui or a possibly (lifferent species 

mhich ocenrs in the Upper Cretaceous of the JVcstern Interior. \TTe 

havc n~adc direct comparisons of many specimel~s from South Dakota 

and other western states with a number of Xew .Jersey in~liriduals 

(inelading the holotype), and IVC are convinced that the species and 

the genus in qllestion occur ill both of these regions. It tl~creforc 

seems to us that there is no good reason why Hyatt's designation nf tlre 

t,ypc species should not be interpreted literally. 

In view of the fact that the Eutrcpl~oceratidac~ as me u~~~lcrsta!iiI it,> 

contains only a single genus, the n~orpl~ologici~l characters of that genus 

are those of the family: outlined in preceding paragraphs. This st;~tc- 

~nent of course applies equally ~rell to thc geologic and geographic tlistribl~tion. 

Eutrephoceras dekayi (Morton) 

I'late 65, Figures 1-6; Plate 66> Figures 1, 2; Plate 67, Figures 1-9 

Satrfil?rs Dckayi Morton, 1833, Am. Jonr. Sci. and ~\~.ts? vol. 23, p. 291. 

111. 8: fig. 4. 

Satrtilzis Deka~ji Morton, 1834, Synopsis organic remains Cretaceous 

group of U. S. . . . . , p. 33, pl. 8, fig. 4 ; pl. 13? fig. 4. 

Snzifilns perlatns aiorton, 1834, Synopsis organic senlains Cretaccoi~s 

group of U. S. . . . ., p. 33, pl. 13, fig. 47. 

Nm~cti'us Dekayi (part) dlOrhigny, 1850, Prolir. I'tlliiol~t, stratigr. 

univ. . . . ., t. 2, p. "1. 

~Vantilus Dekayi Hall and Meek, 1856, Am. Scad. Arts and Sei., IZcm., 

n. scr., vol. 5, pp. 405, 406. 

.?:autilus Dekuyi 3leek and IIaydcn, 1856, Pl~ilailelplria Bcad. Sat,. Sci., 

Pr., vol. 8, pp. 267, 280. 

l\l(itr.tilt~s De Iiayi %iallet and 'Puomeyl 1858, Second hien. rept. on geol. 

Alabama, Append. 3, 11. 259. 

ATnntilzrs l)ekn?,i Xceli: 1850> Xostl~-west 'I'err.: Rellts. Prog. . . . . Assinil~oine 

and SS;~sIiatchc~van Erpl. Exp~:ii. . . . . (I~Iind): p, 185, pl. 

2, tigs. 9, 10. (Also an edition in Fronch ; one in Canada, Legislative 

Assembly, Jours., vol. 17, i~lipt:nd. 36; and another, Iiritish 

North iimerica; Hf!pts. . . . . Espell. (Great 13ritai11, I'arliament 

. . . . , 1860). 

A'uzctilz~s Dckayi Conrad, 1860, I'hiladelphia ~\ca(l. Natnr. Sci., Jour., 

ser. 2, vol. 4, p. 276. 

Nautilus Dekayi Gahb, 1861, Am. Philos. Soc., Pr.: vol. 8, pp. 86: 87. 

A'autilz~s Deliayi Meek, 1864, Smithsonian Miscel. Col., vol. 7, no. 177, 

p. 25. 


1Yas.1ikr.s Dcljn!ji Conracl: 1868, New Jersey Geol. Surv., Geol. Kern Jersey 

(Cook), p. 731. 

Snzrtilt~s Dnk~,!ji 3Zeeli: 1876, li. S. Geol. Surr. Terr. (1Iagrlen), Rept., 

vol. 9, pp. 496-498, pl. 2.7, figs. la-le. 

r\hutila.~ Dcka!/i. illol~fa~~acnsis Meek, 1876, U. S. Geol. Snrv. Terr. 

(IIayden), Rept., vol. 9! p. 498, pl. 27, figs. 2a-2e. 

A-a~rti/as I)eka.!yi Gahl), 1877: Pl~ili~delphia Aead. Xatnr. Sei., PY. 1876; 

p. 277. 

Nnl~tilz~s dekalli nlontal~ac?~sis Whitfield, 1880, Rept. geol. and resources 

Black Rills, Daliota (Kernton and Jenney), U. S. Geog. and Geol. 

Surr. Rocky >It. Region (Po~~ell), pp. 139-440, pl. 16, figs. 10, 11. 

iV~~stilus Dcka!,i lhord: 1691, Catalogne of the fossil Cepl~alopoda in 

the llritisll Pluseu~n (Natural IIistory), Part 11 . . . ., pp. 305- 308, 

399. 

Xa~~tiltrs Dekwi [part] Whitfield, 1892, U. S. Geol. Surv., Man. 18, 

pp. 243-244, pl. 37, figs. 1-6; pl. 38, figs. li 2 (not 3,4). [Also issued 

as Xew Jersey Geol. Surv., Paleont., vol. 2.1 

Ez~trcphocerc~,~ Dcko,!ji Ilyntt, 1894, Am. Philos. Soc., l'r.? vol. 32: pp. 

555, 556-558, 560, 587: pL 13, figs. 4-8 ; pl. 14, fig. 1. 

Xnutillrs (E~ufrephocerns) DoKayi Clarke, 1899, New Pork State Geol., 

Ann. Rcpt. 16, p. 1G9. [Also published in Xelv Yorlr State Mus., 

Ann. Rcpt. 50, vol. 2.1 

E~~trepfcoccras dakn!/i Johnson, 1905; Philadelphia Acad. Natur. Sci., 

Pr., vol. 57, p. 28. 

Nat~filz~s perlalrts Joln~son, 1005, I'hiladelphia Acad. Natur. Sci., Pr., 

rol. 57, p. 28. 

~\'au.ti~z~s dc7cayi TVeller, 1907, New Jersey Geol. Surv., Paleont. ser., 

vol. 4, pp. 125, 130, 140, 817-818, pl. 100, figs. 1-4 (not 5). 

Nnt~tilus dcka.yi.Stephenson, 1914, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 81, pp. 

36, 37, 38, tables opp. p. 24. 

(?) ATautiltrs sp. nov. Stephenson, 1914, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 

81, pp. 28, 29, tables opp. p. 24. 

Ezrtrcphocoras dckayi Gardner, 1916, Maryland Geol. Surv., lipper 

Cretaceons, pp. 90, 320, 323, 327, 331, 334, 337, 371, 372-374, 111. 

13, fig. - 9. 

Knutalz~s flekayi s. 1. Reeside, 1924, U. S. Nation. IIus., Pr., vol. 65, art. 

5, p. 4. 

Ez~trepkocoras dekayi Wade, 192G, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 137, 

pp. 180-181, pl. 61, figs. 1, 2. 

Evtrcphoccras del~uyi s. I.. Reeside, 1927, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 

151, pp. 6-7. 

f?) Ezctre~koccras alccscnse Reeside. 1927. U. S. Geol. Surv.. Prof. Pan. 

151, p. 7, chart opp. p. 2, pl. 1, figs. 1-3; pl. 2, fig. 1; pl. 3, figs. 1-5; 

pl. 5, figs. 1, 2. 



(7) Eutrephoceras tlton~i Reeside, 1927, U. S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 

151, pp. 7-8, chart opp. p. 2, pl. 44, figs. 1,2. 

(?) Eutrephoeeras sp. Reeside, 1927, Ti. S. Geol. Surr., Prof. Pap. 150, 

pp. 1,2, pl. 1, figs. 1-4. 

Eutrephoceras dekayl Spath, 1933, Biol. Review., 1'01. 8, p. 431. 

Et~trephoceras dekayi Stephenson, 1!141, Texas Univ. Publ. 4101, p. 398. 

(?) Estvephoceras pla?wventer Stephenson, 1941, Texas Univ. Publ. 

4101, pp. 25, 397-398, pl. 75, figs. 1-6; pl. 76, figs. 9-11. 

(h) Eutrephoceras spp. Stephenson, 1941, Texas Univ. Publ. 4101, p. 

398. 

E?itrephoccra.q dekayi s. 1. Miller, 1947, Geol. Soc. Am., Mem. 23, pp. 

26-27. 

When illorton established this species, he gave only a few notes in 

regard to it, but he illustrated a specimen which has come to be regarded 

as the holotype. Fortunately, it has been preserved, and 

through the courtesy of Dr. Horace G. Richards it has been made available 

to us for study (pl. 65, figs. 5, 6). 

This specimen, which has been somewhat restored, appears to represent 

an almost complete body chamber preserved in dark-colored 

" 

greensand marl.'' Its maximum overall measurement is about 8 em., 

and at its adoral end its conch attains a maximum height and corresponding 

width of about 48 mm. and 80 mm., respectively. The 

adapical end of this holotype is hounded by a septum, the size and shape 

of which are cluci~lated by text figure 1E. 

The conch is suhglobular, rapidly expanded orad, and broadly 

rounded ventrally and laterally. It is more or less semicircular in cross 

section but is impressed dorsally to a little more than a third its height. 

The lateral margins of the aperture seem to be slightly flared. 

Traces of fine growth lines on remnants of the test show that the aperture 

bears a wide, moderately deep, broadly rounded, ventral sinus and 

on either side of it a similar hut narrower and less broadly rounded 

lateral salient which extends to the umbilicus. 

The umbilicus is small, closed, and inconspicuous. The umbilical 

shoulders are rounded and indefinite. 

The external suture is almost straight and directly transverse. However, 

it forms very slight hut nevertheless distinct ventral and lateral 

lobes. The siphuncle is small and subcentral but is distinctly nearer the 

dorsum than the venter. 

The immediately preceding paragraphs refer specifically lo illorton's 

holotype, but we have under consideration a large number of specimens 

from a variety of Upper Cretaceous horizons at many widely 

separated localities in the United States. The individual represented 

by figures 1 and 2 on plate 66 is essentially complete and free from distortion. 

Its adoral camera is shorter than the preceding ones, indieating 

that it had reached full maturity; and the apcrtural margins are 

slightly hut distinctly flared and are parallel to the grorvth lines. which 


FIGURE 1 

Cross sectiolls of two varieties of Eutrephoceras dckayi (Morton) 

A. E. dekayi alcesonse Reeside, from the Pierre shale near Glendive, 

Montana, X %. [State Univ. Iowa, 4234.1 

0. E. dekayi alcesense Reeside, from the Navesink marl at Glassboro, 

New Jersey, X r/8. [State Univ. Iowa, 8740.1 

C. E. ileka~i rlekayi (Iforton), from the Prairie 13lr1tf clralk soathessl 

of State College, &lississippi, X ,/,. [St,ate 1Jnir. lo\r.i~, 4227.1 

D. E. dekayi dekwi (Morton), from the Pierre shale at Iron Rut,te, 

near Glendive, Montana, X 1. [State Univ. Iowa, 4230.1 

E. E. dekayi dekayi (Morton), from the Navesink marl of Monmoutli 

or Burlington County, New Jersey, X 1. [ANSI? 19484-the holotype.] 


1OG C1l.ETACEOUS FOSSILS 

FIGURE 2 

Cross sections of one variety of Eutrephoceras deknyt (&[orton) from 

three widely separated localities 

A. E. del~uyi perlaluln (Morton), from the Pierre shale at Iron Buttc, 

near Glendive, JIontana, X 3/4. [State linir. Iowa, 4233.1 

0. E. dckagi perlatzin~ (&Iorton), from the Havesink m:trl of Burlington 

County, New Jersey, X s. [AHSP 19680-same specimen as 

PI. 1, figs. 1, 2.1 

C. E. clekuyi perlattin~ (Morton), from the Prairie Bluff chaUc southeast 

of State College, Mississippi, X 1%. [State Univ. Iowa, 4230 

-same specimen as pl. 3, figs. 1-3.1 

do not differ materially from those of the holotype. In all available 

particulars, this specimen is indeed close to the New

(see, e. g., figs. 1-4 on pl. 1 and figs. 1-5 on PI. 3) differ from the form 

just discussed in that the conch is narrower, the distance between the 

dorsum and the venter is relatively great, and the siphunele is generally 

located near t,he center of a median line (cf. test figs. 1C-E and 

2A-C). For this variety, &lorton's name "h'[a.ntil?~s] pevlatzrs" seems 

qnite appropriate. It vas proposed provisionally in 1834 for internal 

molds that are "abundant at Prairie Bluff, Alabama, . . . are rounder 

and less expan(1ed at the mouth, than those from Xe\v Jersey [that is: 

the holotype of E. (iekayi] and may possibly be distinct." >leek's name 

"Nat~til~~s Deknyi Alontanuensis", \vhic11 was proposed in 1876, sl~orrld 

most probably be suppressed as a snhjeetire synonym of E. (leka!/i 

parlatzlnt (Norton), ~rhiah has priority. l'lie great majority of tlie 

many specimens of Eatreph0f:eras known from Georgia: Alat~ama, and 

3Iississippi are small, but nrc 11;1ve a few indir~id~ials from the Prairie 

Bluff chalk of the last state ~vhich, ~vhen complete, \\.ere larger than 

the holotype of E. dekayi. \Vl~en tlie cone11 of at least some of t.he hfississippi 

specimens attainerl a diameter of t111out 20 mm., it began to expand 

fairly rapidly, and its sutlrres bee;lnle progressively more sinuous, 

particularly througl~ tlre cle~~elopme~rt of a sa(1rllc on the nn~bilical 

shoul(1er (see pl. 67: figs. 1-3). Other sl~ecimens that occur in clirect, 

association with these are indeed similar to typical E. rleba!ji, and it. 

seelns reasonably certain that all slrorrl(1 he regarded as conspecific. 

We have a few specimens, again from both the eastern ;ind tlle western-interior 

portions of the 1jnit1:d Ststes, in n.l~ich the concl~ is yet 

narrower, the distance hetxveen the (lors~un and the renter is great, the 

sutures are consi(1erably more sinnolls, and tile sipl~urrcle is relatively 

close to the dorsum, csl~ccially (Illring early ontogenetic derclopment 

(see figs. 7-9 on pl. 67, and text figs. 1A and 1B). For t,his variety we 

are using Rcesidc's name "aleesen,se". ~vhich IT.;IS prolrose(l for specimens 

from the IJpper Cretaceous of >Iont,ana: \iTyoming, IJtah, and 

New Mexico. We have not st,u(lie(l Ilceside's type material, but his 

illustrations and descriptions indicate that he was dealing \vit.l~ speeimens 

like those we hare uncler eonsideration. E. tlro~~ri Xeesirle seems to 

haye been based on a single ir~~lividnal from tlre Upper Cretaceous 

Eagle sandstone of Montana, and ii appears to he more or lcss intermediate 

between typical X. deliayi n'ceae?ire and E. tlelca,!~i pcrlatan~ 

being perhaps somemhat closer to t,l~e former than the latter. 

It should be noted that Reeside and especially Steplrcnson have 

called attention to the fact t,hat certain representativcs of E~~trephoccrns 

from the lJppcr Cretaceous of Texas hare a flattened venter at 

£1111 maturity; and t.he latter author has proposed t,he n;irne E. plnnoventer 

for them, stating that t,hey are also characterized by long eamerae 

and sligl~t,ly sinuous sutures. It is qnite possihle that tllis form: of 

which me hare seen no representatives, should be regarded merely as 

:i r-arict,? of E. 17ekoyi. Ilo~vcver, it shoi111l 11e enl~)Iri~sizo~l that ~vl~etlrer 

tl~c several forms \re hare discr~ssccl are to l)e tlror~ght of as rarieties 

01. s1)ecies is strictly II matter of opinion! nod 11ne about ~vl~ich \ve hare 



no strong feelings. In general, we have found that trinomials are too 

eumhersome to be practicable, and therefore we are inclined to avoid 

their use. The case undcr consideration may, ho~rever, be one in which 

they are warranted, for many specimens can not be placed mith a rcasonable 

degree of certainty in any of t,he varieties we envisage, though 

they can readily be referred to E. deka.yi, as an inclusive and somewhat 

variable species. 

Certain of the features of this species seem to merit further consideration. 

According to Morton, some of the New Jersey specimens 

hen entire could have been little short of eight inches in diameter"; 

we have an individual from the uppermost Cretaceous of Mississippi 

that must have had comparable dimensions ; the masimum diameter of 

beside's holotype of E. dekayi alcesense, which is from the Telegraph 

Creelr formation of Wyoming, is given as 240 mm. ; when he established 

the last form, Reeside stated that another one "from the Mortonbernr 

tezanz~nt zone in the Gnlf region is stouter and even larger;'' and in 

1926 \Trade reported specimens from the Ripley at Coon Creek, Tennessee, 

"some attaining a maximum diameter of 15 or 18 inches." TTonrever, 

the great majority of our specimens have a diameter of less than 

100 mm., even when they retain the body chamber. That chamher is 

about half a volution in length during adolescence ant1 maturity. 

As shown by fignre 6 on plate 67, the extreme adapical portion of 

the conch is very rapidly expanded orad, it bears a few transverse corrugations, 

and on the apes there is a slight dorso-ventrally elongate 

depression which is reminiscent of the alleged cicatris of ;~t,taehment of 

the protoconch in modern Nautilz~s, which Hyatt figured long ago. Tl~e 

siphuncle extends to the apes of the phragmoeone, where it terminates 

in a caecum-in 1899 Clarke published a diagrammat,ic longitudinal 

section of the adapical portion of the eonch, showing the general nature 

of the siphuncle there. TJntil the eoneh attained a diameter of some 

15 mm., the esternal surface of the test was retienlate, with the longitudinal 

and the transverse lirae being of about equal prominence. Gradually 

the transverse lirae (growth lines) dcvcloped a ventral sinus and 

ventrolateral saddlesthcse can first be recognized at a diameter of 

some 7 mm. Almost immediately thereafter, the longitndinal lirao 

gradually deereased in prominence, and they are obsolete on fully mature 

portions of the eonch, ~vherens the growth lines were retained 

thronghout ontogenetie development. During late adolescence and/or 

early maturity, the ventral and ventrolateral portions of the test of 

some individuals became temporarily pustulous, a development that 

may have been pathological (see p1. 65, figs. 3, 4). 

Well preserved internal molds retain traces of the growth lines. 

Also, on some such specimens there is a distinct median longitudinal 

ridge along the venter (of \\.\.]lie11 tt~ere is no espression on the outer 

snrfacc of thc test). 

Throughout ontogenetic development, the umbilicus was small and 

was closed by the test, except possibly in the first volution. Thc clorso- 


lateral portions of the mantle secreted a relatively thick calcareous 

deposit, which merged with the rest of the test, tended to fill the umbilical 

depressions, and thus formed a structure which some authors 

have termed a "columella". 

In this species, the sutures characteristically do not form an annular 

lobe. However, in the specimen represented by test figure 1B tllcre 

seems to he a slight one. Except possibly in the extreme aclapical portion 

of the conch, there are about 15 to 17 camerae per volntion. In general, 

the length of the camerae increased progressively during ontogenetic 

development, though in the adoral portion of the phragmocone 

of large individuals the septa are closely spaced, as is characteristic of 

fully mature nautiloids. 

Remarks.-Several of the authors cited in our synonymy have compared 

E. dekayi with certain Eurasian species, some of which, in our 

opinion, are not very close. For example, of the forms originally described 

from Britain, Nautilus elcgans Sowerby has sinuous ribs and 

sutures and is a cymatoceratid ; N. expaltsua Solverby is flattened ventrally 

and laterally, is almost subangnlar ventrolaterally, and is most 

probably a paracenoceratid; and A'. intperdis Solverby has sutures and 

a general physiognomy mliiel~ indicate that it belongs in Conrad's 

genus Cin~omia. 

As has been noted by Foord and others, the Vancouver Island, 

European, and African specimens that have been referred to E. dekayi 

sllould probably be thought of as representing distinct species. Certain 

Cretaceous forms have, holirever, been described from abroad that are 

indeed reminiscent of the one under consideration and should be regarded 

as congeneric with it. These include E. lauerdei Durham of the 

upper Aptian of Colombia; h'autilus dlOrbignyanus Forbes of the 

"Cretaceous" of Chile; N. Belleropho?b Lnndgren of the Danian of 

Denmark; N. Bouckardianus d'orbigny of the Senonian of France 

awl the specimens from Britain, continental Europe, and the Indian 

subcontinent mhich have been referred to it; N. IVekayi Fame 1869, 

not Morton, 1833 of the Cretaceous of southern Poland; E. denkabense 

Spath of the Upper Valanginian of South Africa (Uitenhage) 

i~nd the congeneric forms described by Spath in 1921 from the Senonian 

of the same general region (Zululand) ; Nautilus bla?~fordianus Kilian 

and Reboul of the Upper Cretaceous of the Antarctic region, etc. 

Occurrence.-This species, as me interpret it, is of widespread distribution 

in the Upper Cretaceous of the United States and has also 

been recorded from the same general horizon in southwestern Canada. 

It is known from at least the following states and provinces: Ne~v Jersey, 

Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, 

Mississippi, Arkansas, Missouri, Texas, Nev Mexico, Utah, Nebraska, 

South Dakota, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, and Alberta or Saskatchewan. 

In the Cretaceous of New Jersey this species is not abundant, but 

it occurs in the Navesink marl and the Red Bank sand, both of the 


110 CRETACEOIIS FOSSILS 

bIonnlonth group. The former of these formations has yiel(led representatives 

at or near (1) Hillsboro, Somerset County1; (2) "Atl;~nt,ic 

Highlands, in the bluff along the shore of Raritan Bay, east of the railroad 

station," Long Branch, and Marlboro, all three in 1\Ionmouth 

County; (3) some unspecified locality in IZonmouth or Burlington 

County, the holotype, which according to \Vhitfield came from illonmouth 

County hut which is labeled as lieing from Burlington Count,y; 

(4) Burlington, Evansville, Nt. Laurel, and an outcrop "about 1% 

milesnorthwest of Jacobstolvn, and ahout 1% miles southwest of Ameytown," 

all four in Burlington County; (5) illercha~~trille, Camden 

County; and (6) Glassboro, Afulliea Hill, and "Squankum," all presumably 

in Gloueester County, though the last nlay refer to Lower 

Squankum, in illonmoi~th County. \Ve have not had available for study 

any representatives of this species from t,he Redbal~l~ sand, but TVeller 

records it from the "black, clayey" portion of this formation along 

the Shremsbury liirer, about one and/or two miles from the railroad 

station at Red Bank, >Ionmouth County. 

Both IVhitfield and TVeller have fignred as a representative of this 

species a unique specimen from the ea1.l~. Tertiary Iiorncrstomn marl 

near Tinton Falls, Monmouth County? New Jersey. \tTe have not been 

able to locate arid restudy it but are inclined to share t,he now generally 

aceeptecl opinion that it is most probahly not refera1)le to the species 

under consideration. 

In Maryland (and presmnably also in I)~!la\\~;lre) E. rlelio!li is known 

from the illonmouth group. North Carolina specimens are stated by 

Gardner to be from the "extreme top" of t,he Ezog,?/m costata zone in 

the "Ripley" or Peedee formation, and some from Tennessee are from 

the Coon Creek tongue of the Ripley. In the eastern Gnlf Coastal region 

this species also occurs in the Ezogyrcr costata zone; it was recorded 

as early as 1834 from Pr;~irie Bluff', Alabama; and in ilfississippi 

it is locally abundant in the formation named for that locality 

and may occur as low as the Selma chalk. Stephenson inilieates that, 

in Texas it has been found at many localities in the lorrer portions of 

the Navarro group, that is, in the Neylanclville marl, the Nacatoeh sand, 

and the Corsieana 111a1.l. Reesi(1c records forms that Tvc regard as conspecific 

from the uppermost part of the JIancos shale and the b;~sal 

Mesaverde formation in the upper Rio Grande region of Xe\\, Mexico: 

and from the former of these llorizons in east-central litah. In tl~c 

Western Interior of the United States, the Cody shale, the Steele shale, 

the Telegraph Creek formation, the Eagle sandstone, and especially 

the Pierre shalc have yielded many n-ell preserved specimens tllat we 

are placing in this speeics. Furthermore, long ago (1859) Meelr illustrated 

a typical specimen from the Upper Cretaceous at somt: unspeeified 

locality along the "Sooth Branch of the Saskatehe\~~an," in A1berta 

or Saskatehewar~. 

'Since there are no Cretaceous strata in Somerset County, the locality ir probably Hillsdale. 

Monmouth County, where the Red Bank formation occurs. M. E. Johnson. 


Repositiorics.-The numerous specimens that mere available for OIII. 

study have been deposited at The Academy of Natural Sciences of 

Philadelphia, Harvard University, Illinois State Musen~n, llississippi 

State College, New Jersey State i!Iuscum, Roy11 Ontario Museu~n: The 

University of Texas, ant1 the State University of Iowa. The holot.ypc is 

at the first of these institutions, where it is numbered 19484. The repository 

and the catalogue number of each of the specimens we are 

illustrating are giren on the text-figure and plate legends. 


CRETACEOUS AMMONITES OF NEW JERSEY 

by 

JOHN B. REESIDE, JR.' 

Family Baeulitidae Meek, 1876 

Genus Baculites Lamarck, 1799 

Genotype: Baculites vertebralis Lamarck, 1799. 

Baculites ovatus Say 

Plate 68, 15igures 1-4 

flrrc~rlites oontr~ Say, 1820, Am. .Joul.. Sci., 1st scr., vol. 2, p. 41. 

Baculites ovata Say (part). Morton, 1828, Acad. Xat. Sei. Phila. Jour., 

vol. 6, p. 89, p1. 5, fig. G (not fig. 5) ; 1830, idem, p. 196; pl. 8, fig. S, 

(not figs. 6-7). 

Rrcc~clites ovatus Say (part). 3Iorto11, 1830, Am. Jour. Sei., 1st ser., 

vol. 17, p. 280; idem, vol. 18, p. 249, pl. 1, fig. 8 (not figs. 6-7). 

Hactrlites oz;atus Say (part). Morton, 1834, Synopsis, p. 42, pl. I, fig. 

8 (not figs. 6-7). 

; Baculites ovattis Say. Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 78, (22). 

Baculites ovatus Say (part). Meek, 1864, Check List, p. 23. 

; 13actrlite.s outlt~rs Say. Conrad, 1668, in Cook, Geol. New Jersey, p. 730. 

Daculitcs ovatus Say (part). Meek, 1876, U. S. Geol. Survey Terr. Kept., 

vol. 9, p. 394. 

Baculites ovatus Say (part). \\lhiteavcs, 1889, Contr. Can. l'aiebnt., 

vol. 1, p. 181. 

Baculites ovatus Say. Whitfield, 1892, p. 275, pl. 46, figs. 3-9. 

Baculites ovattis Say. Johnson, 1905, Aead. Nat. Sei. Phila. I'roc.? rol. 

5i, p. 26. 

Baculites ovatus Say (part). Weller, 1907, p. 821, pl. 109, fig. 5. 

Baculites ovatus Say. Richards, 1953, Record of the rocks, p. 28i, fig. 

233. 

Not : 

Baculites ovatus Say of various authors on the Western Interior of 

North America. 

Baculites ovatus Say. Gardner, 1916, p. 375, pl. 12, figs. 2-3. 

Baeulites ovatus Say. Wade, 1926, p. 181, pl. 60, fig. 9. 

Baculites ovatus Say. Roberts, 1931, Kentucky Geol. Survey., ser. 6, 

vol. 36, p. 404, pl. 68, fig. 11. 

Baculites matus Say. Groot, Organist, and Eiebards, 1954, Delawarc 

Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 52, pL 7, fig. 6. 

'Publication authorized by the Director. U. S. Oeological Survey. 

113 


CREl'ACEOUS FOSSILS 

L)eswipfio~i.-Shell attaining moderate size, very gradnally taper- 

ing; cross section hron(l-orate. the siplional side soioc:~vhat, more nar- 

rowly rounded than the antisiphonal side. Surface of shell ~islially 

smooth, hut sides of living chamher sometimes with ill-defined, broadly 

curved, obliquely transverse ribs. Sutore with rat.her simple rounded 

elements, lateral lobes and saddles subequal, subdivisions of lobes small: 

subeynal. 

Rcntavks.-In the material available to the writer there seems to he 

considerable variation in tlic proportions of the cross section of the 

whorl, and some of the narrolver variants may 11rore xvorthy of separation. 

Many ;il~thors hare eonsiderecl 13. o.u(~tu.s to he present in t,he 

\Vestern Interior of North America, hut these forms now sceln to be 

variants of I:. hnresi lieeside in Santonian and early Campanian bc~ls 

i~ntl yollnger ii~(livi(ll~i~'s of giant species like /I. yrnnf1i.s 13all and Meel< 

in later horizons. U. eo~~lpressus Say from the \\Testern Interior is a 

holly unrelated species, in spite of many statements in t,he literature 

that it is close to K. watns. 

Say's type specimen came from the "Nerersinl: i3ills:" shown on 

modern n1;lps ns Xi~vcsinlc IIighlancIs, and the oldest horizon present 

is in t,llc Jlouiit La~~rcl-h';iresi~~ unit. It seems highly iml~rohable that 

13. ouatas occurs ;~lso in the JIerclia~~tville-\Voodb~~ry inlit; from which 

it has been reported. These rccorcls from olrler horizons are not neeepted 

here. The only other coiirso xvn~~ld be to cliscarrl Say's record 

as an error, a sol~ition of the diflicnltg that does not seem to the writer 

justified by the information available. JIorton's statenlent that the 

t,ype specimen had been carried for 30 years as a poel

Type.-Say's specimen mas figured by Norton (1828, pl. 5: fig. 6) 

and was reported available by Johnson in 1905. Its present location is 

not known, unless an unnumbered specimen (pl. 1, figs. 1-3) showing 

two septa1 chambers and agreeing in diameter with the figure of Say's 

typcis actually the remains of the type. 

Baculites asper itforton? 

IlcrcaLites aspo Morton, 1833, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser.: vol. 23, p. 291. 

B(~oulifos asper Alorton. hlorton, 1834, Synopsis: p. 43, pl. 1, figs. 12-13; 

pl. 13, fig. 2. 

IJacvlites onceps La~narek (partj. Gi1b11~ 1861) :\cad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

Proc. 1861! p. 396, pl. 3, fig. 4 (not figs. 2-3). 

Rncz~litos usper Iforton. ;\feel lCrei(lebil(lung~;~~ VIIII 'l'(:sas, 1,. 

36, pI. 2, figs. 2a-d. 

Kaculites usper Morton? AIeek, 18iG. U. S. Geol. Snrvcy 'l'err. R~:pt., 

vol. 9, p. 404, pl. 39, figs. 10%-d. 

IJacz~Iites aspor Morton. Wliitfield, 1892, p. 2i8, p1. 46, figs. - 10.11. 

I~ac?dites usper hlorton? Stanton, 1893 [18!)4], U. S. Geol. S~lrvey 1311l1. 

106, p. 167, pi. 36, figs. 4-5. 


116 CIIETSCEOUS FOSSILS 

Baculites asper hlorton. Herriek and Johnson, 1900, Denison Univ. Sei. 

Lab. Bull., vol. 11, p. 213. 

Bact~lites asper Morton. Lasswitz, 1904, Geol. Palaeont. Ahh., n. ser.,. 

Bd. 6, Heft 4, p. 15. 

Baculites asper Morton? (part?). Weller, 1907, p. 823: PI. 109, figs. 

6-7 

Baclilitcs asper Morton. Gardner, 1916, p. 383. 

Baculites asper Morton. Adkins, 1928, Univ. Texas E:ull. 2836, p. 206. 

Description.-This species is best characterized 11y its small size, 

broad-orate eross section, small taper of the shell, and its orntunenta- 

tion-widely spaced round nodes on the antisiphonal half of the flanks 

and numerous weak undulations on the siphonal side that hare only 

the faintest conneet,ion mith the nodes. Forms of large size and mith 

arcuate nodes, even though distant, n:irrowly ovate or suhtriangular 

in eross section, belong to other species. As is usual with ammonites, it 

grades toward other species in that in some specinlens the nodes tend 

to show a degree of areuation, and in ot.her specimens the cross section 

is subcircular or tends to show a flattening of the antisiphonal sirle. 

Remarks.-Morton in 1833 cited only "Alabama" as ti locality, but 

in 1834 he wrote that the species "was discoverer1 by Xr. Nuttall at 

Cahawba and more recently hy Mr. Conrad at Prairie Bluff." The 

smaller of the two specimens fi~ired in 1834 (pl. 1, figs. 13-14) is still 

available and is accompanied by a label in Rforton's handwriting that 

states the locality as Prairie Bluff. This locality would place the horizon 

in the Prairie Bluff chalk, but that unit is definitely higher than 

the levels now assigned to 13. asper in the region and elst:mhere and has 

not yielded the species in more recent eollect,ions. On the ot,her hand, 

the locality at Caha~vba should 1)c in thc lower part of the Sclma chalk, 

which with the Tombigbee sand memher has yielded the species at many 

localities and includes horizons equivalent to those that have yielded 

B. asper elsewhere. The evidence seems 1.0 support the judgment that 

Conrad's assignment, accepted by Iforton, is erroneous. 

The specimen from the Navesink marl illustratecl by Whitfield and 

by Weller as B. asper obviously does not belong to the species. Weller 

rer~orts, but unfortunately does not illustrate, a specimen from the 

Cliffwood clay (now Rlagothy formation) 10 mm. in diameter "ehar- 

acterized by somewhat eonspieuous node-like inflations of t,he sides of 

shell" that may belong to B. aspor. At the horizon statecl, such an 

identity seems highly probable, though the writer has not seen the speci- 

men, and a donht must remain. The species is n,idcly rlistrihuted in mid- 

dle Upper Cretaceous deposits (Coniacian, Santonian, early Cnmpt~n- 

ian) . 

Range in New Jerscy- 

MAGOTHY: Cliffwood Point. 


AMMONOIDEA 117 

Range outside New Jersey-- 

Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi--zone of Exogyra ponderosa 

(Santonian, early Campanian). Western Iuterior of North America-- 

Niobrara, Telegraph Creek, Eagle formations and equivalents (Coniaclan 

to early Campanian). 

Type.--In his first publication Morton gave no figures and did not 

state any details about specimens. A year later he figured two specimens 

that are presumably to be taken as eotypes, though no localities 

are assigned. As noted above, one of these survives and bears the numher 

ANSP 19878. 

Baculitessp. 


Ba_mlitcs ovata Ssy (part). Morton, 1828, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Jour., 

vol. 6, p. 89, pl. 5, fig. 5 (not fig. 6) ; 1830, idcm, p. 196, pl. 8, figs. 

6-7 (not fig. 8). 

Baeulites ovatus Say (part). Morton, 1830, Am. Jour. Sol., 1st ser., vol. 

17, p. 280; vol. 18, p. 249, pl. 1, figs. 6-7 (not fig. 8). 

Baeulites ovatles Say (part). Morton, ]834_ Synopsis, p. 42, pl. 1, figs. 

6-7 (not fig. 8). 

Remarks.--Several specimens illustrated by Morton as Baculites 

ovatus seem not to belong to the species. Tile specimen figured ill 

1928 as his plate 5, figure 5, shows numerous strong ribs on the flanks 

of the shell. The specimen figured first in 1830 as his plate 1, figures 

6 and 7, and refigured several times elsewhere, shows widely spaced, 

extraordinarily narrow ribs that extend entirely across the flank and 

renter. This specimen is ascribed to St. Georges, Del., and would therefore 

be from the hit. Laurel-Navesink unit. It is preserved as specimen 

ANSP 19496-A. 

Baculitessp. 


Baenlites asper Morton. Whitfield, 1892, p. 278, Ill. 46, fgs. 10-11. 

Baculites asper Morton? Wellcr, 1907, p. 823, ph ]09, figs. 6-7. 

Remarks.--This fragment of a large shell, ascribed to the Navesink 

marl at Holmdel, is indeterminable, but it is definitely not B. asper. 

The large size, the coarse areuatc swellings, and the oval cross section, 

together with the relatively high horizon, distinguish it. It suggests 

some of the larger species of the genus, such as B. n*_datus Stephenson 

(1941, Univ. Texas Publ. 4101, p. 405, pl. 79, figs. 5-10) or B. grandis 

Hall and Meek (1856, Am. Acad. Arts Sci. Mem., n. ser., vo]. 5, p. 402, 

pls. 6-8). The specimen was reported by Whitfield as in the collection 

at Rutgers College but is apparently not available now. 


I18 CRE'PACEOIJS FOSSILS 

Family Kostocerat,iilac IIyatt. 1894 

Gemls So: figs. 1-4. 

Ijirlt~r~~ocsras patiper (\Vhitfield). Spatli, 1921, Aout.11 African 3111s. 

Ann., vol. 12, pt. 7, pp. 249, 251. 

Descriptio?l.-This spccies rests essentially allon one specimen, a 

fragment of a spire1 shell that preserves about olie artd one-third volut,ions, 

linseptatc except for tlie last two septae. The upper surface of 

the mliorl is deeply impressed, indicating that the whorls of the spirc 

were in close contact; iiml~ilicl~s about one-fifth the diameter of the 

sl~ell. Ribs in the ilnpresscd zone simple? curved strongly back\\rar(l: 

35 per xvhorl; margin of zone a sharp sl~ouldcr. Outer surface of \vliorl 

gently convex, bearing about 40 ribs per ~olution, as a few fork at tlla 

shoulder, all strongly i~ielined forwtird; and two rows of tr~hcrcles, 20 

per volution, that t~lterl~ate in position with respect to the ril;s. 111:: 

upper rollr at ahont the middlc of the outer surface and the lower at 

aholit the line of contact with the snccr:eding whorl; two deep constrictions 

present on last half-v.horl preservccl. Lowcr surface of \vl~orl 

strongly convex, bearing al~out 30 ribs, curved ge~itly forward, some 

of mliieh join at the umbilicus. TJrnbilicus apparently smooth. Thc 

hrolren larger cnil of the spccimen appears to flare slightly and coul(1 

well pass into a rctroversal or otl~er\vise aberrant portion. Whitfielcl's 

fignrc of thc suture is satisfactory. 

12cn~arl~s.-In acldition to the type specimen, Weller notes "two 

ot,lier specimens * ' both of them much distorted fragments wliicll 

differ in some respects fro~n the type but nre too imperfect for certain 

identification." Spath referred the spccies paltpcr to Uidyntocornr 

FIyatt, 1894, but that genns has a loosclp coiled spiral form in which 

the n.horls arc not in contact and whicli laelrs constrictions on the 

spirc. The species scems much better placed in Nostocerns. 



SAVESIXR: Xavesink Mills. The tlonl~tfnl sl)ecimens are 

from lower levels, the &I:\RS'IATJ~O\VX formation near S\\7edes- 

boro and the TVEXONAH sand near Jfarlboro. 

l'ype.-NJS&r 7659, Xtrvesink IIills. 

Nostoceras sp 

I'late 69: Figures i-12 

Ifeferoccras conrarli (Alorton) (part). T\Tl~itfield, 1892, p. 269, 111. 43, 

figs, 12-13 (not figs. 9-11, 14). 

Ileteroceras conradi (Norton) (part). J\'eller, 190i, p. 833, pl. 108, 

figs. 5-8. 

A retrorcrsttl living chamber illnstratecl lby JVhitfielcl and two illustrated 

by TVeller, together with three in the lJ. S. National 3fuseun1 

secm all to represent a species of Nostoceras. The speci~ilens incl~ide 

both [lcstral and sinistral spc:ein~ens, and eziell is a nearly co~nplctc 

living chamber, from the last septum to the aperture. No directly associated 

coile(1 parts are reported. Each specimen forms a distinct TJ, 

with rnore or less parallel sidcs connected by an arc, differing in this 

respect fron~ the more or less continuously curved living chamber reported 

for lIirl.jn~occras. 

On these specimens the ribs arc strong and widely spaced and two 

rows of ventral nodes are pronlinently developed, largest on the enrved 

part of the specimen. The cross section is snbeireular to very 11ro;idly 

ovate. 


All the specimens are attributed to the Navesink niarl in the Xare- 

sink Rills. 

Cirrocoras Conrad, 1865 

Genotype: Antmoneeratites conradi Morton, IS41 

Cirroceras Conrad: Synopsis of tl~l: i~irertel~ratr fossils of tl~c Cretaceous 

formation of New Jersey, in Coolr, G. II., 1868, Geology of 

New Jersey: New Jersey Geol. Survey Rcpt., App. A,, p. 730. 

The genus ma defined only by the citation of the genotype description 

and figure. The most distinetire fealnre of the type specimcll is 

t,l~at it formed part of an open spire like that of Did,ynocerns and EIILpcroceras 

IIyatt, 1894. Witli tlic specinlens now arailal~le, it is difficult 

to select cllaraclers tliat woiild separate Cirrocwas from those genela, 

and it seems better for the present to recognize all three genera. Cirroceras 

seems to have been overlooked or ignored by most writers after 

1868, but at lcast legally it is as well fountlerl as many accepte(1 genera. 



Cirroceras conradi (Morton) 


An~~~tonceratites conradi Morton, 1841, Acad. Nat. Sci. l'hila. Proc., 

vol. 1, p. 109. 

Aslmonceratites eonradi &Iorton. Morton, 1841, .kc;id. Nat. Sei. Phila. 

Jour., 1st ser., vol. 8, p. 212, pl. 10, fig. 1. 

Nelieoceras conradi (Morton). Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 84 (28). 

IIelicoceras cmradi (Morton). Meek, 1864, Check List, p. 25. 

Cirroceras conrudi (Morton). Conrad, 1868, in Cook; Geol. New Jersey, 

p. 730. 

Hcferoeeras conradi (Morton) (part). Whitfield, 1892, p. 269, pl. 45, 

figs. 9-11) 14 (not figs. 12-13). 

IIeteroceras conradi (Morton). Johnson, 1905, Beail. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proc., vol. 57, p. 27. 

IIeferoceras conradi (Morton) (part). Weller, 1907, p. 833 (not, pl. 

108, figs. 5-8). 

Didymocoras? cm~radi (Morton). Spath, 1921, South African 3111s. 

Ann., vol. 12, pt. 7, p. 251. 

Heteroceras conradi (Morton). Groot, Organist, and Richards, 1954, 

Delaware Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 53. 

Not: Zleteroceras conradi (Morton). TVhiteaves, 1879, Geol. Survey 

Canada, Mes. Foss., vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 100, pl. 12. 

Description.-This species rests primarily on the type, described 

by Iforton from the Navcsink marl at Arneytown, Burlington County, 

a not too well-preserved single whorl of a sinistrally coiled spiral shell. 

The specimen appears to be missing, but several plaster casts of it are 

available. It mas described as unseptate, with a cross section distorted 

by pressure from an original probably subcircular form into a dcpressed 

oval; without a depressed zone or other evidence that thc 

~vhorls were in contact; with surface ornamented by ribs that on thc 

upper surface rise from t,hc umbilicus (perhaps 40 per whorl), incline 

backwards, then curve radially and pass transversely orcr the outcr 

surface of the shell. Some of the ribs rise into a node at the midpoint. 

beyond which each third or fourtl~ rib joins its neighbor to form a nodc 

near the bottom of the outer surface. On the lower surface each rib 

passes mith gentle forward curve to the nmbilicus (about 30 per 

whorl). Whitfield attributes a second fragment to the same species 

and locality. No trace of the suture appears on the cast of the type 

or on the second specimen. 

Remarks.-Both Whitfield and Weller associate mith C. conradi a 

number of specimens of a retroversal living chamber from the Nave- 

sink formation at Atlantic IIighlanrls. Three additional specinlens 

are available at the U. S. National Mnseu~m. No directly associated sep- 



t,at,c or coiled parts of t,he shell hart l~cen reportecl: so far as the writer 

knows. Though the sculpture of all these specimens is coarser than 

that of the type of conrrdi and much more stror~gly notled, these differences 

are similar to those between the retroversal living chamber and 

t,l~e spire of t,he specimen of Did?j~noceraa illustrated by Ilyatt (1894, 

pl. 14, figs. 13-14) and do not alone prove a generic difference. Thc 

form of these living chambers is, however, like that of the living chamber 

of Nostoceras rather than that of Did2/moceras and presumably of 

Cirrocerm, and on another page they are referred to h'ostocerns. 


NAVESINK: Arneytown, Atlantic Highlands. 

Type.-Apparently lost. Casts: ANSP 19495, USNN 1800, Arncy- 

town. 

Family Diplomoceratidae Spath, 1926 

Genus Solenoceras Conrad, 1860 

Genotype: TIamites annulifer Morton, 1841. (Not Solenocerns IIyatt. 

1884.) 

Stephensou (1941) describes species from Texas that give a more 

complete account of the genus than that provided by the genotype. 

Solenoceras annulifer (Morton) 


Wamites annulifer Morton, 1841, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc., vol. 1, 

p. 109. 

JIa)nites annulifer Morton. Norton, 1842. Acad. Sat. Sei. l'hila. Jour., 

1st ser., vol: 8, p. 231, pl. 11, fig. 4. 

Solenocerm annulifer (Morton). Conrad, 1860, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Jour., 2nd ser., vol. 4, p. 284. 

Solenocerm annzdifer (Morton). Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 81 (25). 

Ptychoceras (Solenoceras) annulifer (Morton). Meek, 1864, Check 

List, p. 23. 

Ptychoceras (Solenoceras) annz~lifer (Morton). Whitfield, 1892, p. 273, 

pl. 45, figs. 6-8. 

Solenoceras annulifer (Morton). Johnson, 1905, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proc., 701. 57, p. 26. 

Ptychoceras (Solenoceras) annulifer (Morton). Weller, 1907, pl. 107, 

figs. 7-9. 

Solenoceras annulifer (Morton). Stephenson, 1941, Univ. Texas Bull. 

4101, p. 398. 

Description.-The only specimen known is a nearly complete living 

chamber preserving the last septum and part of the expanded ribs near 

the aperture. It is 21 mm. long and about 5 mm. in greatest diameter. 


122 CRETI\CEOUS FOSSILS 

The siplloni~l side is xvell ronnclerl, the alltisil~llonal side concave and 

borderecl hy sharp shoulders, forming an imprcsseil zone in ~~hich a 

subcylindricid septatc part of t,lre sllell originally stood. At the lo\ver 

end, the living cllnntbcr 1na1it.s :it] 160' turn ant1 cn(1s in ;I scptal face 

that represents the last scpt,u~n. OIL the 160' tnrn tllcre are 4 coarse 

ribs, each ornamented l)y a pair of sr~rall nodes, then a rleep constriction. 

On tlle conves side of the straight part of t,llc living chnrnbcr there are 

about 30 sharp ribs with concave ilitcrspaces, each ril) being orn;l~nentctl 

11y a pair of faint no(1es netir the n~idlirle of the shell ;LII~ each rib being 

inclined sligl~tly baek\varrl on tlic flanks. 'Phe apertnml part is marked 

by several strong ribs ant1 a constriction. The ribs of the concave side 

appear to be the impressions of tllc rilrs of the septat,e part and unrelated 

to the ribs of tllc eonye1 part. The snt1lr.o is not ilecipherahle 

from tile milrgin of t,hc septum. 

Remarlis.-This specics appears to rest entirely on t.hc single speci- 

men tlescrihe~l liy 3Iorton. Xo otlier has been reported. \Veller re- 

figured lforton's specimen, but: presnmahly by in;lclvertenee, omittetl 

any reference to it in Iris test. 

Range ill Dela~uare- 

The type is reported to I~ilrc ~(IIIIC from t,lle Ileep Cut of the Cliesapcalie 

ant1 Dclnx~~arc Canal, near the present-(lily Stcmnlit Bridge, Del. 

Carter (1937) assigns t,l~c strata there to the Cross~vicks clays (Merclia~~tville 

and \tToorlbury of Xen. Jersey). 

Type.-Aca(1. h'at. Sci. Phila. 4789. 

Iflamily I'achylliseidae Spath, 1922 

(:enus Alc?biriles Spath, 1922 

Forbes, 1845 

Genotypc : 21 ntilto?~ifes ~ I ~ I I I L 

Tl~c rrlost, conspienous feiltures of !lleauitcs are the umbilical and 

rcnt~rol;~te~~al tubercles, the linter rathor variable. 

Menuites? aff. M. cornplexus (lI:111 and 3leclc) 

Plate G9> Ioigures 1-6 

/lii~.i~ro~rites con~plczis [sic] Aall end Aleek (part). Gabb: 1861, Synopsis, 

p. 65 (9). 

Ai~~~iiol~ites eomplcxtra Hall and hleeli (pi~rt). lfeek: 1664: Check List, 

p. 24. 

A~rlntosites eoi~~ploz~is Hall arid Aleek. Conrad, 1.863, in Cook, Geol. 

New Jersey, 1). 730. 

A~~ta~on,itcs complax~rs Ilall :~nd Xlcelc (11art). \tThitfield> 1892; p. 249: 

pl. 41> figs. 5-7. 

l'oohydiscus eo~iiplczrrs (Ilall and IlZeek) I \\'eller, 1907, p. 619, pl. 101, 

figs. 3-4. 


Pach~rliseas COIII~!EZI~S (IIi~ll an11 Mcek) (part,). Gardner, 1916, p. 378. 

I'aropoc11yrliscli.s coa~p!e:c~rs (Aleel

124 CHETACEOUS FOSSILS 

souri River, South Dakota, and the stratigraphic level \voul(l not differ 

greatly in age from the levels of the New Jersey specimens. [Jmhilical 

nodes are noted by Hall and Meek, but no ventrolateral nodes. More 

recently collected specimens from the same unit in the region show the 

two ro1r.s of ventrolateral tnbercl~s that are taken to distinguish the 

genus fifcsuites. 

Range im New Jersey- 

WENONAH : Marlboro (Weller). 

?NAVESINIC: (\Vhitfield). 

Unstated level: Burlin@on County (Gabb). 

Family Scaphitidae Meek, 1876 

Genus Seaphites Parkinson, 1811 

Genotype: Scaphifes aequalis Sowerby, 1813 

The classification of the scaphites is still in dcbate and a number 

of generic names have been propose~l. The name is 11set1 here in a broad 

sense. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay) 

l'late 70, Figures 11, 12; Plate 71, lfigllres 1-7 

Annn.on,ites hippoerepis DeIiay, 1827? New York Lyceum Ann., vol. 

2> p. 273> pl. 5, fig. 5. 

&'capkites czc.~:ieri Morton, 1826, Acad. Nat. Sci. I'hila. Jour., 1st ser., 

vol. 6, p. 109, pl. 7, fig. 1. 

Sca.phites ctcvieri Morton. Norton, 1830, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser., vol. 

17, p. 280. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeXap). Norton, 1834, Synopsis, p. 41, pl. 7, 

fig. 1. 

Seapkitcs renifornlis Morton, 1834, Synopsis, p. 42, pl. 2, fig. 6. 

Scapkites hippoerepis (DcKay). D10rbigny, 1850, Prodrome, vol. 2, 

p. 214. 

Scaphites subreniformis D'Orbigny, 1850, Prodrome, vol. 2, p. 214 

(for renifwmis Morton, 1834, not BruguiBre, 1790). 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeIZay). Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 88(32). 

S'capl~ites hippocrepis (DeIiay). Meek, 1864, Check List, p. 24. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay). Conrad, 1868, in Cook, Geol. N. J., 

p. 370. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeICay). Whitfield, 1892, p. 262, pl. 44, figs. 

8-12. 

Scaphites hippoerepis (DeIiay). Johnson, 1905, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proc., vol. 57, p. 27. 

Seaphites hippocrepis (DeKay) (part). Weller, 1907, p. 826, pl. 107, 

figs. 3-6. 


Scnphites hippowepis (DeICay). Grabau and Shinier, 1910, Index Fossils, 

rol. 2, 1). 176, fig. 1431.. 

Scnphites hippocrcpis (DeICay) (part). Gardner, 1916, 1). 362. 

Holcoscapl~ites 1tippocr.epi.s (DeKay). Nomak, 1916, K.-k. geol. Reichsanstalt 

Vcrh., Jahrg. 1916, no. 3, table opp. p. 66. 

Scaphites hippoerepis (DeKay). Reeside, 1927, U. S. Gcol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 151: p. 22, pl. 14, figs. 17-20; pl. 15; pl. 16, figs. 1-10, 

Scnphites hippocrepis (DeICay). Reeside, 1927, idem, Prof. Paper 150- 

B, p. 30. 

Scophifes i~ippocrepi.$ (1)eKay). Dane, 1929, Arkansas Geol. Snrvey 

Bull. 1, p. 52, pl. 9, fig. 3. 

Scuphitcs hippocrepis (DeXay). Sbimer and Shroclr, 1944, Index Fossils, 

p. 591, pl. 24, fig. 5. 

ZIoploscaphites hippocrepis (DeIiay). Spath, 1953, Falkland Islands 

Depend. Survey Sci. Itepts., no. 3, p. 14. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeICay). Groot, Organist, and Richards, 1954, 

Delaware Geol. Snrrey Bull. 3, p. 53. 

Xot: Amn~onites hippocripes [sic] DeKay. Morton, 1828, Acad. Xat. 

Sei. Phila. Jonr., 1st. ser., vol. G, pp. 88, 113, pl. 5, fig. 4 [error corrected 

by Morton, idem, p. 195, and 1834, Synopsis, p. 371. 

Descriptio+~.-This species has broad, stout whorls, a swollen living 

chamber with flanks smooth except for two prominent primary nodes, 

and nine to seven low rounded nodes bordering the venter on tlie re- 

fleeted part. The ribs of the straight part tend to be widely spaced. 

Variations from the typical form are common. The height of the 

tubercles and the distinctness of the obcure primary ribs on the living 

chamber, the relative coarseness of the ribs, and other characters vary 

with different individuals. The suture is the normal scaphite suture, 

with the ventral lobe largest and the others progressively smaller; the 

first lateral lohe is alxays bifid. 

Ren~arks.-This species is a cosmopolitari form that has been noted 

in western Europe and North Africa, and in the Gulf region and the 

Western Interior of the IJnited States. The writer agrccs with Gabh 

that Scaphites rc?liforn~is Morton is mobt likely a juvenile of S. hippocrepis 

and disagrees with Weller that 9. sin~ilis IVhitfield is to be 

united with it. The species is considere11 an early Campanian form in 

the European sequence. 

Runge in Xew Jersey- 

XfERCUANTIrILLE: hlatavan, .Tan~esburg. I~enol;~, Bordcntown. 

Range in Delaware-- 

GROSSWICKS (RIERCIISNTTILT~E and \ITOODBURT of 

New Jersey) : Deep Cut of Chesapeake ant1 Dclatrare Canal (now Sum- 

mit Bridge). 


Eange o1sewhore.-Various localities in beds of Taylor age of the 

Gulf Coastal region and in the Eagle and Telegraph Creek formations 

of the Western Interior of the linited States; early Campanian of 

\Trestern Enrope and North Africa. 

7'gpe.-The holotpl~e, a fragment,, is apparent.1~ lost: but llorton's 

more perfect specimen, the holotype t~f his Scaphites cztuieri, survives 

and serves as a standard of rcfercnce. This specimen is AXSP 19483 

and is from The Deep Cut, Delaware. 

Scaphites similis \TThitfield 


Scapliites sin~ilis IVhitfield, 1892, p. 267, pl. 44; figs. 1-2. 

Seaphites sinlilis \Irhitfield. Johnson, 1.905, Acad. Xat. Sei. Phila. Proc., 

vol. 57, 1). 27. 

Scaphites hippocrepis (Delcay) (part). \Vellcr, 1.9Oi> p. 626 (not 111. 

107, figs. 3-6). 

Scapkifes Aippocrspis (DeIZay) (part). Gartlner, 1!)1G, p. 382. 

Scapliites sirnilis Whitfield. Reeside, 1927, lJ. S. Geol. Survey L'n~l. 

l'aper 151, 1). 24, pl. 18, figs. 8-14. 

Deacriptio>i.-This species has compressed whorls, gradnail!- enlarging 

living chamber without the marked swelling shown by S. hippocrepis, 

no primary nodes on the living ehamherl and a concave, sloping 

nml~ilical mall on the living ch;~mhcr. \Te~~trolateral nodes are present 

ant1 even, subequal rills on tlic ~entr:~.. Tho suture is thc nnnnal 

scaphitr: sutllre. 

Rett~arks.-JVeller and Garclner included S. sirtrilis in S. hippocvspis 

as a juvenile form, but the writer considers it a valid species. It has 

been recognized in the \JTestcrn Interior of the lJnited States. Whit.. 

field did not knoll- the locality of his specimen, which Tras marked merely 

"Xew Jersey," but ass~~mecl it to have come from the Cl~esapeake 

and Delaware Canal, along mit,h the type of S. hippo eve pi,^. 

Range.-JIk:RCII1\N'TVILLE of Xew Jersey or Delaware. IGagle 

and Telegraph Creelr form;~tions and ~qui\~alcnts in \Irestern Interior 

of the United States. 

T,1Jpe.-Present loct~tion unknown. Reported available in Ac;~l. 

Kat. Sci. Phila. in 1905 by Johnson. 

Scaphites aff. S. leei Reeside 

Plate 71, Fignres 8-11 

Scrrphites nodos~rs Oven. \Vhitfield, 1392, p. 261, pl. 14, figs. 13-14 (not 

,Scaphites (AaunonitesP) nodosus Owen, 1852). 

Scapl~itcs nodo&?cs Oxen? Weller, 1907, p. 824, pl. 107, figs. 1-2. 


Deso.iptio~~.-'l'l~e fragment of a large scaphitc referre(1 by Whitfield 

to nodosns Owen is part of a living ellamher ~vitlr a maximum width 

of whorl of 45 mm., n maximum height of xhorl of 35 nun., and a masimum 

preserved length of 55 nun. A small part of the last sept111n and 

the angle of tire living clia~nller are preserved. The venter is broadly 

arched and bordered on each side by a shoulcler marked hy a row of conspicuous 

tubercles, trt~ns\.ersely elongated on the older part and rountl 

on the younger part, alternating in position on the t,xo sides; between 

t,he tubercles pass low.roonc1ed ribs, about, 5 per ttrbcrclc, with ribs and 

concare interspaces suhequal. Tlic outcr half of tl~e flanks is flattened, 

;L low ro~urdcd fold passing from eacll t,~ibercle toward the umbilicus; 

at thc n~idcllc of tile flank some pairs of rihs and sonlc single ribs rise 

into s~nall t~ibercles, from each of ~~hich a vague rib passes into tlle urnbilicus. 

l'lle cross scct,ion of t,hc ~rlrorl is suhquadrtrtc. Inner whorls unknown 

except that a sinall area of i~npression slro~vs that they 11acI a 

regular scaphito ornament. Sntnre unkno~vn. 

Rc~~~arlcs.-l


Ansnronites placenta DeRay. Morton, 1834, Synopsis, p. 36, pl. 2, figs. 

1-2. 

Anlnronites p!ace~~ta DeRay (l~art). Gab, 18ti1, Synopsis, p. 71 (15). 

Anintonites placenta DeICay (part). Meek, 1864, Check List, p. 26. 

dnc.~iaonile.s p!ar.cnt(a DeICay. Conrad, 1868, .in Cook, Geol. New Jersey, 

p. 730. 

Amnlonites (Placentocerus [sic]) placolta DeKay (part). Meek, 1870, 

Am. Phil. Soc. Proe., vol. 11, p. 429. U. S. Geol. Survey Terr., 2nd 

Ann. Rcpt., 1871, p. 297. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeTCay) (part). Meek, 1876, p. 465. 

Anamo?lites (Placenticeras) placenta DeIiny (part). Whitfield, 1892, 

p. 255, pl. 40, fig. 1 ; pl. 41, figs. 1-2. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeICay). Hyatt, 1903, lJ. S. Geol. Survey Rfon. 

44, p. 211, pl. 39, figs. 3-6; pl. 40, figs. 1-2. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay). Johnson, 1905, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proc., vol. 57, p. 27. 

Placenticcras placenta (DeKay). Weller, 1907, p. 830, pl. 104, fig. 6; 

pl. 105, fig. 1. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay). Gmban and Shimer, 1910, Index Fossils, 

vol. 2, p. 217, fig. 1492e, f. 

Placonticeras placenta (DeKay) (part). Gardne~, 1916, p. 385, pl. 128. 

Plasontkeras placenta (DeICay). Stephenson, 1923, p. 392, pl. 97, 

figs. 1-2. 

Plucenticevas p!a,centa (DeICay) var. hyatti Stephenson, 1923, p. 396, 

pl. 98, figs. 1-2. 

Placc?zticeras placenta (DeICay). Shimer and Shrock, 1944, Index Fossils, 

p. 595, pl. 249, fig. 5. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay). Groot, Organist, and Richards, 1954, 

Dela~vare Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 53. 

Not: 

Flacentkeras placenta (DeKay). Stanton, 1894, p. 169, pl. 39, figs. 1-3. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay). Gilbert, 1896, U. 9. Geol. Survey 1'7th 

Ann. Rept., pl. 63, figs. 1-2. 

Placenticeras placm~ta (DeRay). Logan, 1898,lJniv. Geol. Survey ICansas, 

vol. 4, p. 4G3. 

Place~iticeras placenta (Morton) [sic]. I-IiIl and Vaughan, 1898, lJ. S. 

Geol. Survey 18th Ann. Kept., pl. 64, figs. la, b. 

Placentice~as placenta (DeICay). Stanton, 1899, U. S. Geol. Snrvey 

Mon. 32, pt. 2, p. 640. 

2'lacenticeras placenta (DeKay). Herriek and Johnson? 1900, Dennisnn 

lJniv. Sci. T~ah. Bull., vol. 11, p. 214. 



Placenticeras placenta (DeICay). Johnson, 1903, Columbia Univ. School 

Mines Quart., vol. 24, p. 133, pl. 7, figs. 26a, h. 

Placenticeras placenta (Delcay). Shimer and Blodgett, 1908, Am. Jour. 

Sci., 4th ser., vol. 25, p. 65. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay). Dowling, 1917, Canada Geol. Surrey 

AIem. 93, p. 32, pL 34, figs. 1, la. 

Placentieeras placentu. (DeKay) var. il~tcrcalarc (Meek). I)owling, 

idem, p. 32, pl. 33, figs. I, la. 

Placenticeras placenta (DeICay). Roman, 1938, Les ammonites juras- 

siques et cretacGes, p. 504, pl. 52, figs. 487, a. 

Description.-This species attains a large size, individuals approaching 

500 mm. having been recorded. The venter in the largest individuals 

is rounded, but even at a large diameter the ventral trnncation 

characteristic of the genus is still observable. The shell at all 

stages is relatively compressed, the flanks gently convex, the umbilicus 

very small. Whitfield states that he saw no nodes on the flanks, but 

Rlorton records umbilical tubercles and Hyatt writes of three rows of 

t~ribercles on smaller specimens, umbilical, two-thirds the distance out 

from the umbilicus on the flank and distantly spaced, and on the margin 

of the venter. Hyatt describes the ventral tubercles as large and 

elongated parallel to the venter; Weller clescribes them as alternate. 

The larger individuals are essentially smoot,h. The suture is much dissected, 

with long elements, ranging from long and narrow to more 

solid and rounde(1. The ar~alogons species in the Westcrn lntcrior is 

P. nleeki Hoehm (zuhitfieldi ETyatt), hnt mceki is more compressed, the 

ventral truncation is narrower and lilore persistent, nodes are lacking 

on the flanks, and the suture is more con~ples. 

Rc~i~arks.-Much confusion has existed in the literature becanse of 

a long-standing tencleney to assign all species of Placentieeras to plncenta. 

IIyatt's work has helped to correct this tendency, but bcca~~sc 

of his habit of discussing rather than (lcscribing features? some of it is 

difficult to follow, The species place~~tr~ is relativelp frequent in the 

olrler horizons, the Nerchantville clay-according to \fTellcr-provirling 

the most and best specimens. Those from othcr horizons arc more 

fragmentary and smaller. 

The specimen here illustrated is accompanied by a label indicating 

t,hat it was figured by Ibforton in his Synopsis (pl. 2, fig. 1). Out of hand 

the specimen does not look like Morton's figure, as the latter shows no 

defects and the specimen lacks all but the basal part of the living chamber, 

but Morton's figure is apparently much restored (as are those of 

Ammonites vannxemi on the same plate, for which therc can he no 

question as to the original specimen). In size it fits the septate part 

of Morton's figure very well, for Morton says the specimen was 15 

inches in diameter, including a large part of the living chamber. The 

opposite side of the specimen here ill~istrated was figurerl by Whitfield 

(his pl. 40, fig. 1). 




TVeller reports the following : 

MAGOTHY: Cliffwood Point. 

IfERCHAiTTVIL1,E : Matawan, Ja~ncsburg, I~enola. 

WOODRURY: Lorillard, Matawan. 

fiIARSIIALLTO\TN : Sn.edesboro. 

WENONAFI: Cra~vfords Corner, Marlboro. 


Crosswicks (3Zerchantville and Woodbury) : Chesapeake and 

Delaware Canal; Black Creel< formation : North i:arolina. Alabama has 

heen commonly reported, but no recent record justifies its inclusion, 

and it is considered dubious. 

T!ppc.-liocat,ion nnl;nox~-n, probably lost. Locality: Chesapeake 

and nela~varc Canal, 1)elilmare. 

Placenticeras spillmani Ryatt ? 

I'late 73, Figures 6, 7 

f'1nco~tieo.n.s spilli)~a.iib IIyatt, 1903, U. S. Geol. Surrey hlon. 44: p. 2:2:3, 

pl. 47, figs. 6-8. 

IIyi~tt refers provisionally to P. spill)rio?~i as follo~vs: "a cast of one 

cl~amber in the collection of Yale University, said to be from Rurlington, 

N. .T., with a similar broad renter." As the spccics is characterized 

by possession of a stouter ~vhorl than P. placentc~, broader renter, and a 

subure with broad, short, solid sacl~lles and narrow lobes less complex 

t,Inan in placenta. the status of the xew Jersey spceimen is really clabious. 

Tt mnst,, lio~verer: represent some specits other than p'occntr~. 

Placenticeras sp. indeterminate 

An~n~onitcs teliJer Norton, 18:33: Ann. .Jo~n.. Sei., 1st ser., vol. 2:1: p. 200. 

Am.monites telifer AIorton. Norton, 1834, Synopsis; p. 38, pl. 2, fig. 7. 

An~n~onites telifer Norton. Gahl), 1861, Synopsis, p. 73 (17). 

r111~nlonitcs (Plaee?~tico.as [sic]) telifer Morton. \\'hitfield, 1892, 11. 

352, pl. 41, figs. 10> 11. 

Place)~ticer~.?? teiifer (Alorton). Hyatt, 1903, 1J. S. Oeol. Surrey Al'on. 

44, p. 233. 

Plaeenticeras teLiJer (fiIol.ton). Jolunson, 1905, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proe., vol. 57, p. 28. 

Placenticeras felifer (firorton). \Trcllcr, 1907? p. 832, pI. 104, figs. 7-8. 

The three fragments, fillings of parts of scptal chambers, on which 

the species telifer is founded, seem to the ~vriter nllniost certainly to 

represent a speciesof Plncentieeras, but it is not possible to place them 

more closely. IIyatt doubted the possibility of assignment to even a 

genus. 


Two of tile fragments survive in thc eolleetions of the Academy of 

Satc~ral Sciences of Philadelphia and bear the number 19494. No closer 

locality is knoxvn than "Xexv Jersey." 

Family Pcroniceratidae EIyatt, 1900 

Genus Ilfenabites Collignon, 1948 

Genot,ype : Menabites mcnabensis Collignon, 1948. 

This genus is characterized, according to Collignon, by tllc persist.- 

encc into an aclvanced stage (80 or more mm. diameter) of tritubor- 

ctllar ornament on the flanks and the increase in number of ventril- 

Lateral tubercles to two or three times that of the umbilical tnbercles. 

Subgenns I)elrru~rrrclln Collignon, 1948 

Subgcr~otype: i111t~noi1ite.s de1aworcnsi.s Morton, 1830. 

This subzenns is charncterize~l: according to Colligr~on, by nnlncrous 

fine crowded rills: often fles~ious, ~vealz tubercles, ;~nd a relatirely small 

~~mbilicus. 

Menobites (Deloworello) deloworensis (&lorton) 

Plate 72, Figures 1-3 ; l'late 73, Figures 1-5; Plate 74, Figure 2 

ilt~~n~oititcs (lelawnrensis Norton, 1830, Am. Jonr. Sci., 1st ser., vol. 18, 

p. 244, pl. 2> fig. 4. 

:1111ao1~itcn delawuronsis Morton. Morton, 1830, Acad. Nat. Sci. Plril;~. 

Jour., [st scr.? rol. 6: p. 194. 

Anln~unites rleluwn~'e?~sis Rlorton. Ilorton, 1834, Synopsis, p. :3i> 111. 2. 

fig. 5. 

Anln~onitos delo~~jarensis IIorton. G;~blt, 1861, Synopsis, p. 65 (!I). 

Anl.?tloi~ites delawnrei~sis IIorton. Meek, 1864, Cllcck List, p. 24. 

A~n~~ronites delawnrensis Iforton, Conrad, 1868, is Coo%, 0 1 . Nwv 

Jersey, p. 730. 

An~no?aitcs delawarei~sis Morton (part). JVhitfield, 1892, 1). 252: pl. 42> 

figs. 6-8 (not pl. 42, fig. 9; pl. 43). 

fl?trmonites delawurensis Morton (part). Johnson, 1905, Acarl. Nat. 

Sci. I'roc., vol. 5i, p. 27. 

Jfortoniceras dclntoarensis (Morton) (part). Weller, 1907, p. 837, pl. 

103; ?pl. 104, figs. 1-3 (not pl. 104, figs. 4-5). 

!Ilorton.ico.as dela~r:ure?~se (Morton) (part). Graball and Sl~i~ner, 1!)10, 

Index Fossils, xsol. 2, p. 226, figs. 1507 (ventral view), 1508 (lat,cral 

view). 

J1ortosicera.s delaware?~sis (Norton) (part). Gardner, 1916, p. 391, pl 

12, fig. 7. 

Sub~norto~~icoa.s delawarensc (Morton). Spath, 1926, Gcol. Mag., voi 

63, table opp. p. 80. 



Mmtoniceras &. N. dclawarensc (blorton). Dane, 1929, Arkansas 

Geol. Survey Bull. 1, p. 62, pl. 10, figs. 1-2. 

Tezanites delawarensk (Morton). Roman, 1938, Les ammonites jurarsiques 

et cretaches, p. 461. 

Menabites (Delawarella) dclawarensis (Morton). Collignon, 1948, 

Madagascar Service des Mines Ann. ghol., fase. 13, p. 64; fasc. 14, 

pp. 29, 44. 

Menubites (Delawarella) dclaw~rrensis (Morton). Groot, Organist, and 

Richards, 1954, Delaware Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 53, pl. 7, fig. 5. 

Description.-Collignon describes dclawarensk as a relatively thick 

ammonite with three stages of development-a young stage with three 

tnbcrcles on each flank; an intermediate stage bearing five tubercles 

on each Rank, of ~vhich the second tubercle from the umbilicus is small 

and pointed, the middle tubercle is large and on a strong rib, and the 

fourth and ventrolateral tubercles are elongated parallel to the ventral 

keel; and an adult stage, in which the tubercles except the umbilical 

and ventrolateral, weaken or disappear. In the adult stage the primary 

ribs are thick and massive, about 20 per whorl, concave forward. A few 

of these continue to the venter as simple ribs hut more frequently diyide 

at the middle tubercle to make about 30 ventrolateral ribs. 

Remarks.-The species dela~irarellsk has been noted in the litera- 

ture as widely distributed over the world in the eiirly Campanian. It has 

been conceived rather loosely, holvever, anct Collignonhas drastically re- 

stricted it. Zle has also made it the type of a subgenus of a genus based 

on a species from lladagasear. The material availal)le to the writer does 

not seem adequate to determine the validity of this procedure, but he 

has adopted it as the best procedure available and leaves to time the 

ultimate disposition of the questions involved. 

The three specimens figured hare all been previously illustrated by 

Whitfield, Weller, and Gardner and show three stages in development 

of the shell. 


JIERCHANTVILLE : Burlington, Maple Shade, Cliffwood. 


Cross~vicks (Aferchantville and \Voodhury) : Chesapeake and 

Delaware Canal. 

Type.-Location unknown, probably lost. Locality: Deep Cut (now 

Summit Bridge), Delaware. 

Genus Submwtoniceras Spath, 1926 

Genotype: lllortoniceras woodsi Spath, 1921. 

Spath's characterization (1926, Geol. Mag., vol. 63, p. 79) is as fol- 

lows: "The Campanian forms differ from the earlier true Mmtoniceras 

* ' " chiefly in the more continuous keel and progressive decline of 


ornamentation as well as of other characters." Collignon (1948, Mada- 

gascar Service Mines Ann., fasc. 13, p. 64) describes the genus as in- 

cluding ammonites with ribs often slightly flesuous, with numerous 

intercalated ribs that increase the number of the external tubercles, 

mith comprcsseil form and small umbilicus, and with gradual loss of 

ornament. The adults preserve only the umbilical and ventrolateral 

tubercles and the ribs are weak. 

Submortonicems vanuxemi (Morton) 


Amnaonites vanuzenli Alorton, 1830, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser., vol. 18, 

p. 244, p1. 3, figs. 4-5. 

Ammonites vanuzen~i Alorton. Morton, 1830, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Jour., 1st ser., vol. 6, p. 194. 

Ammonites vanztzemi Morton. Morton, 1834, Synopsis, p. 37, pl. 2, figs. 

3-4. 

Ammonites vanzizemi Morton. Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 71 (15). 

Ammonites vannzenai Morton. Whitfield, 1892, p. 252, pl. 42, figs. 1-5. 

Ammonites vanzizemi Morton. Johnson, 1905, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 

Proc., vol. 57, p. 27. 

Mortoniceras delawarensis (Morton) (part). Weller, 1907, p. 837, p1. 

104, figs. 4-5 (not pl. 103; p1.104, figs. 1-3). 

IClortoniceras delawarense (Morton) (part). Grabau and Shimer, 1910, 

Index Fossils, vol. 2, p. 226, fig. 1507 (lateral view) (not fig. 1507, 

~entral vielv, nor fig. 1508). 

An~monites (Mortoniceras) z~anuzemi Morton. Miller, 1911, Maryland 

Geol. Surrey, Prince Georges County Itept., pl. 5, fig. 1. 

filortoniceras delawarensis (Morton) (part). Gardner, 1916, p. 391. 

Mortoniceras vanzczenli (Morton). Spath, 1921, South African Mus. 

Ann., vol. 12, pt. 7, p. 308. 

Sahmortoniceras vanzizemi (Morton). Collignon, 1948, Madagascar 

Service Mincs Ann., fasc. 14, pp. 30, 43. 

The writer has available only Morton's type specimen, which has 

a maximum diameter of 36 mm. At the end the \vhorl is 17 mm. high 

and 13 mm. wide. A little more than half a whorl is preserved, and it 

shows 9 umbilical tubercles and 18 ventrolateral tubercles, with 3 more 

rows of tubercles on the fianks. Whitfield figures a second specimen 

about 55 mm. in diameter, on which, the ribs to about 40 mm. diameter 

show 5 rows of tubercles, and the latter part appears to have nearly 

lost the 3 rows on the flanks. From Whitfield's figure the dimensions of 

the whorl appear to be close to those of Morton's type. 

Remarks.-The name uanuzemi has been applied by Spath in Zu- 

luland, and Collignon accepts the record. It mould seem more likely, 


134 CRETACEOUS FOSSIliS 

however, that the name is to be kept nearer home. The species is ap- 

parently associated with dela.warenuis and the assignment to a different 

genus seems unexpected. The writer has arbitrarily followed Collignon. 


RIERCHAXTVILLE : Burlington County. 

Range outsidc New Jorsey- 

Crosswicks (Merchantville and Woodbury) : Chesapeake and 

Delaware Canal. 

Typo.-ANSP 19492. Locality: Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, 

Delaware. 

Submorionicerar sp. 

Whitfield (1892, p1.42, fig. 9 ; p1.43, figs. 1-2) figures as Ammonites 

delawarensis Norton a specimen 185 mm. in diameter, with maximu~n 

height of whorl of 90 mm. and width of 60 mm. A little more than one 

whorl is preserved and all of the early stages are missing. Only the 

umbilical and ventrolateral nodes are displayed, and the ribs are very 

weak. The keel is visible but sub~lned. Collignon (1948, fasc. 14, p. 30) 

refers this specimen to Snbmortonicoras, and conceivably it could be a 

large stage of S. vanztxemi, but as the authentic specimens of vam~cxenai 

available are all small, it is not possible to assign it with assurance. 

Whitfield (1892, p. 252) refers to the specimen as "a large cast sent 

me, as one of the type specimens, from the Acad. Nat. Scicnees, Phila- 

delphia," and undcr the heading "Formation and locality" he says, 

"The type specimens are all from Delamare." Nothing further is 

known. 

Family Tissotiidae Hyatt, 1900 

Subfamily Barroisiceratinae Base, 1947 

Genus Barroisiceras Grossouvre, 1894 

Genotype: Am.monites kaberfellneri Hauer, 1886. 

Suhgcnus Texasia Iteeside, 1932 

Subgenotype: Ammonites dentato-carinatz~s Roemcr, 1849 

?Barroiriceras (Texarial dentato-carinalum (Roemer) 

li~~antonites dcntato-carinatzrs Roemer, 1849, Texas, p. 417. 

Ammonites deq~tato-carinatus Rocmer. Roemer, 1852, Kreidebil[lungcn. 

p. 33. 

Ammonites deqatato-carinutzrs Roemer. Whitfield, 1892, p. 250, pl. 41, 

figs. 34. 

Barroisiceras dentafo-carinatus (Roemer). Weller, 1907, p. 836, pl. 

101, figs. 5-6. 


1 

The record of B. (T.) dentato-carinatic.m in New Jersey rests upon 

a single small fragment, about one-fifth of a whorl, with an estimated 

shell diameter of 50 mm. It was described and figured by both Whitfield 

and Weller. Its source is entirely unlmown, though it came to 

\Vhitfiel(l labelled as from the Cretaceous of New Jersey and still bears 

t,hat label. He attribvrted it tentatively to the "I~omcr Green Marls," 

the modern A'a~rcsink marl, saying that limestone concretions in that 

formation have a similar lithology. Weller cites formation and locality 

as "Unknown, New Jersey (Whitfield)." 

Tl1e writer has clse\vhere (1932, U. S. Geol. Surrey Prof. Paper 170, 

p. 10) expressed the opinion that the source of the specimen is so dubious 

that it should not be eonsidered. He also expressed the opinion, 

from descriptions and illustrations, that it is not destato-cari?latzc~n.. 

Examination of tlie specimen itself and comparison with specimens of 

similar size from Texas lead now to the opinion that it is authentic 

dentato-eorinatir.?)~ and that it is from Texas, not New Jersey. Three 

considerations lead to this conclusion: one, that the specimen is identical 

in minute details of morphology mith specimens from Texas and 

very similar in general appearance: though the color is a light tan rather 

than cream, and the matrix does not effervesce wit11 dilute hydrochlori(1e 

acid; two, that over the ~vorld the genus Rarroisieeras is found 

onlyin early Coniacian beds, which ~ ~~ould he well below the level of the 

Narcsink marl, and that nothing in tl~c earlier faunas, such as those 

reported from the Magothy formation, suggests this age; and three, 

the specimcn has a polish that snggests, as Morton reported for Baculitcs 

ounttis, long transportation as a pocketpiece before it came to rest 

in the collectioils of the Academy of Natural Sciences. It is, of course, 

perilous to press such evidence too far, but the writer believes it good 

enough to make the probability of the occnrrenee of B. dentatoearinatam 

in New Jersey very small. 

The specimen fiyrecl by li'hitfield and Weller bears the Academy 

of Natural Sciences number 19493. 

The type specimen of Ba7.roisiceras dentatocarinatz~nz (Roemer) 

came from the Austin challz at tlie JVatcrfall of the Guadalupe River 

below New Braunfels, Texas, and is presumably in the collection of 

Itoemer's specimens at the 1Jniversity of Bonn, Germany. 

Family Sphenodiscidae Hyatt, 1900 

Genus Spl~cnodisct~s Meek, 1871 

Geriotype: Anlnzonitcs lobutus Tuomey, 1854. 

Shell compressed, discoid, attaining large size (350 mm.) ; umbilicus 

small. Whorl changes very early from round-vcntered to sharp and 

only in large specimens becomes rounded again. Afostly with smooth 

untubereulate flanks, but a few species have small distant tubercles. 

Suture mith numerous elements; lobes rounded, denticulatc; saddles 

phylliform, in inner part of flank undivided. 


CRE'PACEOUS FOSSILS 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey) 


Ammonites lobata Tuomey, 1854, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc., vol. 7, 

p. 168. 

Ammonites lobata Tuomey (part). Gabb, 1861, Synopsis, p. 69 (13). 

Ammonites lobatus Tuomey (part). Meek, 1864, Check List, p. 24. 

Ammonites lobatus Tuomey. Conrad, 1868, in Cook, Geol. New Jersey, 

p. 730. 

Ammonites (Sphenodiscus) lobatus Tuomey. Meek, 1871, U. S. Geol. 

Survey Terr., 2nd Ann Rept. [actually 4th1, p. 298 (Reprint dated 

1872). 

Placenticeras (Sphenodiscns) lobatw (Tuomey) (part). Meek, 1876, 

U. S. Geol. Survey Terr. Rept., vol. 9, p. 463. 

Placenticerm (Sphenodiscus) lcntieulare (Omen) (part). Meek, 1876, 

idem, p. 473. 

Ammonites (Sphenodiscus) lenticulare (Owen) (part). Whitfield, 

1892, p. 258, pl. 41, figs. 8-9. 

Sphenodiscus whitfieldi J. Boehm, 1898, Deutsche geol. Gesell. Zeit- 

schr., Bd. 4, p. 195. 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Hyatt, 1903, U. S. Geol. Survey Alon. 

44, p. 66, pl. 6, figs. 1-2; pl. 7, figs. 1-2; pl. 9, figs. 11-13. 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Weller, 1907, p. 828, pl. 106, figs. 1-2. 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Grabau and Shimer, 1910, Index Fos- 

sils, vol. 2, p. 216. 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Gardner, 1916, p. 338, pl. 13, fig. 10. 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Roman, 1938, Les Ammonites juras- 

siques et cretac4es, p. 503, pl. 53, fig. 493 (on plate spelled labiatus). 

Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Shimer and Shrock, 1944, Index Fos- 

sils, p. 595, pl. 248, fig. 7. 

Hyatt is perhaps the latest author to discuss this species extensively, 

but, as is his habit, he describes specimens in minute detail hut nowhere 

actually defines the species. From his discussion it may be inferred that 

he had in mind ammonites that displayed no umbilical shoulder, had 

smooth flanks and compressed shells, and had a suture with abont five 

bilobed saddles, the remaining seven or eight being entire. 


TINTON: Tinton Falls, Beers Hill cut, near Freehold. 


Maryland, Mississippi. 

Type.-Location unknown, presumably lost. Type locality, NOHU- 

bee County, Mississippi. 


Sphenodiscus beecheri Hyatt 


Spltenodiscus beechem' Hyatt, 1903, U. S. Geol. Survey Afon. 44, p. 80, 

pl. 6, figs. 3-4. 

I-Iyatt (1903, p. 75, pl. 9, fig. 10) based this species on a type from 

the Fox Rills sandstone of South Dakota, but he also attributes to the 

species with some reservation, "a fragment of a cast * * * from Bir- 

mingham, N. J., from the Lower or Middle Greensand Marls." The 

sutures are different from those of any other form, having the ventral 

lobe broad; twelve saddles, with the outer four quadrifid, fifth to sev- 

enth bifid, eighth simple, ninth bifid, the remainder entire; and the 

lobes bifid, with the branches subdivided and serrated and the bases 

entire. Hyatt figures the New Jersey specimon (Yale Peaboily lluseum 

no. 200) and calls it S. beecheri without query, though in his test he 

says he hesitates to describe it as a distinct species because it is a frag- 

ment. 


Presumably NAVESINK : Birmingham. 


Fox Hills sandstone, South Dakota. 

Type.-Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., ac- 

cording to Hyatt. 


CRETACEOUS BELEMNITES 01" NEW JERSEY 

by 

Belemnitella americana (Morton, 1830) Sensu lato 

Abbreviated synonymy 

Beletnnites on~ericcrwns Morton: 1830a, Amer. Jour. Sei. vol. 1.7, 1). 281. 

Helenutites 'inericanzfs Morton, 1830b, Amer. Jour. Sei. vol. 18, pl. 1> 

figs. 1-3. 

Beletn?~ite.s an~crica~~us RZorton, 1830, Jour. Acacl. Nat. Sci. Phil. scr. 

1, vol. 6, p. 190, pl. 8, figs. 1-3 

Ilelen~nites itrncroncrtzfs Cretlner, 18i0, p. 238. 

Rclen~nitella americtfnn \iThitfield, 1892, 11p. 250.283, pl. 47: figs. 1-11. 

Kelotnnitello an~orico?~a Ti'eller, pp. 839-841, 111. 109: figs. 1-4. 

Belemnitella an~erieanu, Arkhangelshy. 1912; pp. 611-613, pl. I?[, figs. 

7,12; 111. X, fig. 11 (North American specimens only). 

Relonnitella aj?zerica,~a, Noxr.alr, 1913, pp. 392-393 (North i\~nt:rican 

specimens only). 

Belentnitella. anzorienna, Gardner, 1916, p. 394,111. 12, figs. 4-6. 

Belenlnitelln, anrcrica?za. Xowalr, 1916, Bull. Aead. Sci. Craeom, p. 67, 

corr. table to p. 67 (North American sl~ecimens only). 

Rolen~nitella nn~erica~~a, Lange, 1921, Geol. Vestnik, IV, pp. 26-26 

(Xortl~ American specimens only). 

Ueloitrnitclla ar~lericann, Crickmay, 19:33> Canad. Field Natnr., XLVII: 

p. 15. 

Relen~nitclla atnerieana, Jeletzky, 1951, pp. 119-121, pl. i, figs. 3: 5. 

Belefnnitella americnna, Groot, Organist, & Richards, 195.1: p. 5J: pl. 7, 

figs. 1-2. 

Typo Spociw~e~~.-Iforton (1830a, p. 281; 1830h, pl. 1, figs. 1-3) h;~s 

figured only two specimens of Beloinnitos arnoricn?n~s in the paper 

which is the source of publication of the species. The two specimens 

must he considered its cotypes as no indication as to any of them having 

been selected as the type specimen appears in the test of the paper or 

in the explanation of the plate. Fron~ these two specimens thc onc ro- 


1-10 CRETACEOUS FOSSlLS 

produced on pl. 1, fig. 2 is drawn only in its outline and so is unsuitable 

as the type specimen. Furthermore, this specimen could not be positively 

identified by the writer in the type-lot of Morton. This leaves the 

large specimen reproduced on pl. 1, figs. 1, 3 .as the only possible choice 

and this specimen is herewith salectccl as the leetot,ype of Belemnitel/a 

an~ericana (Morton). This very large guard, ~hich is actually the largest 

representative of Belc?~tn,itella americana (Morton) s. lato' seen by 

the writer, is reproduced on pl. 76, figs. la-le, as the original figures and. 

~lescription of Morton (1630a-e; 1834) arc somewhat imsatisfnctory. 

The original figure of RIorton (1830b, pl. 1, fig. I), however imperfect, 

shows clearly the asymmetry of the apical quarter of the guard and of 

its mucro in the ventral aspect. This asymmetry is actually present on 

t,he original specimen and is clearly ~isible on pl. 76, figs. la, le. This 

puts the identification of the leetotype of R. an~nricana (Morton) heyond 

any donbt in the opinion of the writer. It is fclt, however, that 

this asylnmetry is pat,hologic;~l in its nature, as its appearance and a 

short and deep longitudinal groore associated with it are too irregular 

in their outline to be esplaincd in any other may. Besides, similar features 

only occur in the pathological (crippled) specimens in any hitherto 

described represontatires of the family Belemnitellidae Pavlom. The 

sectioning of other specimens of Relei~lnitella aincricasa s. 1. and allied 

Xorth i\merican forms has sho~n that similar malformations are due 

t,o the juvenile guard having been broken and regenerated with subsequent 

loss of symmetry and normal proportions of the grown-up specimen. 

Even similar apical grooves hare becn observed sometimes. Thercfore, 

in spite of the fact that the guard has not been split, it seems safe 

to assuu~c that also the lcctotype of Belen~?~itclla at~lcrieana s. 1. has 

sulkred an injury of its juvenile g~~arcl (probably was broken) hut 

survivcd it and managed to hcal the fracture and to reach a very large 

(one could say gigantic as Belamnitella go) size. 

It is rather nnfortunate to have R pathological specimen for the 

lcctotype of Belo~l?litella antericonn (Morton) ; yet the writer does not 

see any escape route, the only figure of the ot,her specimen published 

simultaneously mit,h it being useless and the specimen itself apparently 

lost. Besides, the ahove described malformation is only a slight one and 

does not destroy or strongly distort the normal proportions of the 

guard or its external sculpture. Thus, it does not impair the usefulness 

of the leetotype as a type specimen once it is recognized as such. Apart 

from it the specimen chosen as lectotypc is almost complete, very well 

preserved, and quite typical of Rolentnitella amoricn@a s. 1. as nnderstood 

by the writer. 

Illorp11ology.-The description of the n~orphology of the guard of 

Belemnitella americana s. I. is made rathcr difficult by the exceedingly 

great variability of almost all its morphological characters. The range 

of the variation is, in fact, so great that the writer is tempted to doubt 

that all the extreme morphological Hclcmnitella-like forms studied by 

'This will be abbreviated as B~lemnitellr ameriesna r. I. throughout this chapter. 


BELEMA'ITIDAE 141 

him from the Mount Laurel sand and A'avesink marl of Ncm Jersey and 

their equivalents in Delaware and RIaryland are actually of one and 

the same variable species. Such doubts seem to find further support in 

the fact that most of the Belemnitclla collections studied by the writer 

from New Jersey and adjoining States do not exhibit the mholc range of 

the morphological variation presented by the sum total of the eollee- 

tions studied from the Mount Laurel sand and Navcsink marl of these 

three States. This observation is, on the other hand, contradicted by the 

circumstance that there are several fossil localities in the States of New 

Jersey and Delaware where all, or nearly all, morphological forms of 

Belemnitella described below as the varieties of B. americana s. I. occur 

together and appear to intergrade with one another. Nor isas it pos- 

sible to establish any regular changes in the composition of the Belenlr 

ititella fauna within the sncccssion of beds of the IIount Laurel and 

Navesink formations. If me further consider that aceorcling to Urey 

et al (1951, pp. 413, 415) the Xcw Jersey occurrences of Bele~rniitella 

represent partly or wholly (7) the postmortem concentrations of bhe 

guards in the shallolv and agitated waters, the above discussed varia- 

tions in the ranges of morphological variation observed from one lo- 

cality to another may well be due solely to the postmortal sorting of 

specimens, according to their size and shape, 11y waves and currents. 

As most of the collections studied bave not been collected bed by 

bed, and as, consequently, there is no detailed information about the 

stratigraphical ranges of the various morphologically distinct Belem- 

nitella forms present in the collections studied, the writer prefers to 

treat them all as mere morphological varieties of one and thc same vari- 

able (= "polytypic") species Belemnitella americana s. 1. These va- 

rieties are described in the following pages. In some extreme cases the 

writer's doubts about the varietal status of the forms concerned are 

expressed informally in their description. 

The grouping of the representatives of the species according to the 

outline and proportions of the guard has been found to be the best 

solution of the intricate problem of organization of the numerous mor- 

phological forms referable to B. a~nericana s. 1. In distributing the 

guards among the varieties it has been found necessary, however, to 

talrc into nccount the valne of the Schatsky IndexL, the appearance of 

the apical end of the guard and the degree of its mucronation, the depth 

of the alveolus, and the degree and the character of the sculpture cover- 

ing the surface of the guard. 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) 1830 var. americana Jeletzky nov. Tsar. 

I'late 7G, Figurcs la-le; 2, 4a-4b, 36-7; Plate 77, Figure 2a-2c, 3a-3c; 

Plate 78, Figure 4a-4b; Plate 79, Figurcs la-Id, 2-3, 6-8 

B~lcmnides amerdcanus Morton, 1830, Amer. Jour. Sci. vol. 18, pl. 1, 

figs. 1-2. 

That is the distance between the embryonic bulb situated at the apex of the slv~alu~ and 

the beginning of the ventral fissure on the inner wall of the alveolua (re* Jcletrky. 1919. 

P. 259. foot note). 



Belen~nites onterican~cs JIorton! 1831, Synopsis, Cretaceous Group, pl. 

I: figs. 1-2. 

Relenrnitella anlnrii,asn \Vhitficl(l, 1892, pl. 47, figs. 4-7. 

Belenr.nitella a~~~ericann \Yeller, 1907, pl. 109, figs. 1-2. 

Bolelnnitella amerieana Gartlner, 191.6, pl. 12, figs. 4-6. 

Rele~~lnitella a~~tericolzcr Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, pl. 7, 

fig. 1. 

Introduction.-Belentnitclla alnerica~la (3Iort.) var. a~noricnna nor. 

var. is morphologically intermediate between the estre~ne varieties of 

the species described belom. 

It is also hy far the 111ost common variety of B. amerieana (Morton) 

s. I. in almost ill1 fossil lots of the species studied by the writer from 

New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland. Therefore B. anlericana var. 

amevicana may appropriately be eonsiclered as typical of the species, 

all the more so as thc above discnssed leetotype of R. a~aericana s. I. is 

its typical representative. 

Morphology: Guard generally large, this variety including nearly 

all the largest specin~ens of 1). a,n~erica?ra s. I. known to the writer. In 

its proportions the guard fluctuates from long an11 n~odcrately sturdy 

to short and stout. The extremes known to the writer are reproduced 

on pl. 77, fig. 2a-2b; pl. 78, fig. 4a-411: 111. 79,. figs. la-lb, 6a-6c. In 

the majority of the specimens studie[l the guaril in (.he lateral aspect 

tapers gradually and evenly all thc may from its alvcolar edge to a 

point some 10-30 mm. above its apical end. From this point the tapering 

increases more or less strongly, mith its second increase often occurring 

just hefore the apical end of the guard (see pl. 76, fig. la, 

Id; pl. 77, fig. 2b). These increases in tapering produce more or less 

vide or narrow but alvays more or less rounded and obtuse apieal 

ends mith or without a clearly defined mucro. Somewhat more rarely 

the guard tapers at the same or almost the same rate to its very end, 

nVhieh thus becomes very narrow, long and acute (see pl. 79, figs. 

la-lc) and mostly but feebly mucronate. In other rare instances the 

guard does not perceptibly taper apically over the anterior third or half 

of its length, remaining virtually subcylindrieal throughout this section, 

(see p1.79, figs. 2,3a, 6a-6c). In such instances, howt:ver, the guard 

nearly always tapers more or less pronouncedly over its posterior half 

or two-thirds. 

In the rentral aspect the guard is mostly subcylindrical to feebly 

conical from its alveolar edge to a point 25-50 mm. above its apieal end. 

Below the said point thc tapering toward the apical end of the guard 

increases markedly producing a more or less rounded and obtuse end of 

the guaril with or ~vithout a clearly defined mucro (see pl. 76, figs. la, 

lc; pl. 77, figs. 2a-c ; pl. 78, fig. +a). In the remaining minority of specimens, 

however, the vcntral outline of the guard raries from a markedly 

conical shape with or ~x.itliout ;L strongly rounded apical end and well 

(lefined mucro to somewhat li~necolate shape with a fairly olituse and 


ounded short apical entl with or without well defined muero (see pl. 

77, fig. 3a; pl. 79> fig. Ga). These estrcmes of the ventral outline of t,he 

guard connect 11. aa~ericnlia rar. anlerica?~~ wit11 L-'. n~rlei.icana var. 

ionya, B. an~oriec~na var. sl~bfi~siformis, B. americu~~i~ var. i,~iter~~lcciin, 

and also with the younger species E. ef. bz~lbosa Afcclc and Hayden. 

In the majority of the specimens studied, the ventral i~nd dorsal 

sides of the guard are fairly to very strongly flattened, either tl~roughout 

their entire length or? at least, hctweeu the base of the ventral fissure 

and the apical end of the guard. This flattening generally increases 

gradually tolr.ard the apical end of the guard and results in the 

pronouncedly oval cross sections of the guard all over its posterior half 

to two-thirds (see pl. 7G> fig. le; pl. 77, fig. 3c; pl. 79, figs. ld, 3h, 5b). 

Tile dorsal side of the gaartl is often more strongly flattened than the 

ventral side. In a number of guards, including the leutotype of the 

species, it is virtually flat (see pl. 76, fig. le; pl. 79, figs. Id, 3b). 'rhe 

xrentral side of the guard only rarely beco~ncs con~pletely flattened. The 

dorso-ventral diameter is comluonly larger tl~an tlie lateral diameter at, 

the base of tlie alveolar fissure and further orad. There are, ho~ve~er, 

quite a few guards in which this relationship is reversed, and some 

with hot11 diameters virtually equal. As t,he allore (leserihed dorsoventral 

flattening of t,he guard is accomp;~nic(l 11y its market1 (lorsoventral 

compression below the level of (,he alveolar fissure, the dorsoventral 

diameters are alrvays markedly less than the lateral ilialneters 

at the same levels throaghout this part of t,hc guard (see pre\rio~isly 

listed cross sections of the guard). Tn tho ~najority of the specimens the 

cross section of the guard at its alveolar rim is either almost perfect,ly 

round or feebly oval with the lateral di;lmeter still somewhat exceeding 

the dorso-ventral cliameter. In rarer instances the dorso-ventral iliameter 

sligl~tly cseeeds the lateral one at the alveolar rim. Even in these 

instances, ho~vever, this relationship often bccornes reversed above the 

level of the base of the ventral fissure. The other more common estremc 

is represented by the guards 1aBie11 are pronouncerlly (lorso-ventrally 

flattened and colnpressed even at their t~lvcolar rim. The leetotype of 

the species (see pl. 76, figs. la-lcl) sl~o\~s this relationship. 

Over the anterior two-t,hir(ls to three-quarters of the length of the 

guard its markedly flattened dorsal surface is situated between t,hc 

dorso-lateral depressions of the nsnal Eclemnitellidac type. At their 

bottoms these depressions commonly earry indistinct cloahle dorsolateral 

furrows (or secondary depressions) separated 11y ;I lorn longitudinal 

ridge. Ilorso-lateral depressions run generally longitudinally 

but they converge more or less marlredly toward the median plane of 

the dorsal surface of the guard as they approach its alveolar rim. This 

gradually reduces the width of the flattenccl ilorsal side of the guard 

over its alveolar third. The ilorso-lateral ~leprcssions gradually become 

shallower apically unt,il they finally (1isal)pear ~vithin the apical third 

or quarter of the lellgtll nf t,he guard. Furthermore: the (loltble dorso. 

lateral forro~vs oeenrring i~t their lrotto~ns become 111ore an~l more shal- 


ClZETACEOUS FOSSILS 

lorn and narrom, in the same direction. Over the apical third or quarter 

of the length of the guard these double dorso-lateral furroms are cut 

directly into the more or less regularly rounded flanks of the guard ; 

they run slightly obliquely toward the ventral side of the guard and 

gradually approach the lateral position toward its apex, not quite reaching 

this position just before their final disappearance on the obtnse 

part of the apical end of the gnard some 5-15 mm. above its mucro. 

11s a rule, the dorso-lateral donhle furrows are ahout 0.3 to 0.6 mm. 

wide and are separated by a low ridge some 0.5 to 1.0 mm. wide; in 

the majority of instances they run quite or almost parallel and straight. 

In some 15.20% of the guards studiecl, however, their course becomes 

wavy or quite irregular on one or both sides of the guard, or one or thc 

other furrow departs from its normal direction. Also the total disappearance 

of the double dorso-lateral furrows in a maze of branching 

vascular imprints and strong longitudinal furrows and striae has been 

observed in several instances (e.g. on both flanks of the lectotype of the 

species, see pl. 76, figs. la, lc). These irregularities are, however, believed 

to be either pathological in their nature (e.g. in the lectotype) 

or caused by the very strong development of the vascular imprints and 

longitudinal striae, which obscure or distort the normal Belemnitellnlike 

character of the double furrow in the adult age. 

The main vascular imprints on the lower third or quarter of the 

gnard tend to branch off the double dorso-lateral furro~vs undcr acute 

angles averaging 15-25' and not exceeding 30' (Belenmitella-like type 

of branching). Thcre are numerous instances, hoxever, when at least 

some of these main branches either become quite irregular in their 

course or branch from the double dorso-lateral furrows at angles exceeding 

30". Generally speaking these instances coincide with the previously 

described cases of the abnormal development of the furrox\.s 

themselves. Therefore they are helicred to be mainly or totally due to 

pat,hological causes or to the excessively strong development of the 

vascular imprints and longitudinal striae. 

In the majority of the adult specimens of the variety the surface 

of the guard is fairly to very strongly sculptured by dense and pronounced, 

somewhat irregular, longitudinal striae and furrows, and 

with an equally pronounced and very dense net of ramifying vascular 

imprints. The crossing of both t,yl)es of sculpture prodnces a coarse and 

irregular granulation which covers parts or all of the surface of the 

guard. This granalat,ion is distinct from that of the Eurasian genus 

Gonwtez~tl~is Baylc, 1878 in the considerably greater dimensions and 

irregular form of the individual granules. At the same time it is practically 

indistinguishable from the granulation of Belenznella casin~irovensis 

or Belenlnitella jzinior (see Jeletzky, 1951, pp. 102-103,122, 

pl. 3, figs. la-lh, 2a-2b; pl. 5: figs. 6a-6b, 111. 6, figs. 4a-4b). As a rule, the 

above descrihed scnlptnre is most prououncedly expressed on the anterior 

half of the guard. The granulation is for the most part completely 

or mainly restricted to it. On the posterior half of the guard 


tile seolpture is niostly dominated by the longitudinal striae and furrows 

and the vascular imprints become somewhat less dense and less 

ramified. The strongly ohlique vascular imprints become predominant 

on tho flanks of the guard. Sometimes the longitudinal striae and forralvs 

almost completely suppress all other types of sculpture Over parts 

or all of the posterior half of the guard (e.g. pl. 76, fig. le ; pl. 77, figs. 

2a-c). A11 above described types of sculpture, including granulation, 

occur also inside of the dorso-lateral depressioas of the guard. It should 

also bc noted that the sculpture, and in particular the granulation, are 

particularly strongly developed on the ventral surface of the guard 

nronnd its ventral fissure. 

In some guards, otherxvise indistinguishable from B. americana var. 

'n~ericnnn, the seulpture of the ventral and dorsal sides of the guard 

becomes ~veakened over its posterior half. In a few other guards this 

xveakening of the sculpture progresses so far as to make the flanks and 

the ventral and dorsal sides of the guard appear semi-smooth all over 

its posterior half. Such guards are usually more slender and so appear 

to connect B. amcricana var. alnericana with feebly sculptured semismooth 

to almost completely unsculptured varieties B. amerieanu var. 

polifa and B. an~erieana var. intennedia. Another extreme is represented 

by the guards which are densely granulated all over their surface. 

The lectotype of the species (see pl. 76, figs. la-ld) and the more 

slender gnard reproduced on pl. 79, figs. la-le approach this extreme, 

as does the semi-adult guard on the variety reproduced on pl. 76, figs. 

6a-6h. It should be mentioned, however, that the poor preservation of 

the guards of B. ancericu?ta s. I. often makes them appear semi-smooth 

or even almost smooth. With all such worn out or somewhat etched 

specimens weeded out, the semi-smooth or relatively feebly sculptured 

specimens are uncommon in B. americana var. americana. 

In the majority of the reasonably to almost complete guards of 

B. anlerieana var. americana the depth of the alveolus approaches one 

third of the total length of the guard (see pl. 76, fig. 2, pl. 79, fig. 3a). 

In some rare specimens belonging to the most sturdy and short form 

of the variety, or in those transitional to B. antericana var. intermdia. 

the depth of the alveolus approaches two-fifths of the guard (see pl. 

79, fig. 6c). In other relatively more common specimens, which are 

mostly transitional to B. americana var. subfi~sifomis, B. americana 

var. lon.ga, H. an~ericana var. polifa, and B. ef. bulbosa Meek & Hayden 

in their other morphologieal features, the depth of the alveolus becomes 

reduced to one quarter of the total length of the guard. The alveol~~s is 

relatively narrow, its dorso-ventrally measured angle fluctuates between 

19' and 22" with the mean value around 20". On the dorsal side of the 

alveolus there is a longitudinal median furrow 2-3 mm. wide and 1-2mm. 

deep which is characteristic of all Belentnitello-like forms of the family 

with the doubtful exception of nelemnitella Itoefcri Schloenhaeh 1.867. 

This median furrow continues clo~vn~!~arcl almost to the embryonic bulb, 

gradually becoming more and more narrow and shallow in this diree- 


146 C13ETi\CE>OUS FOSSILS 

tion. The inner surface of the alveolus is corered hy a white eonotheca 

which is 0.25-0.5 mm. thick. Except for the above discussed longitudinal 

dorsal furrom and the sometimes preserved impressions of the 

chambers of the phragmaeone, the eonotheea appears to the nalted eye 

to be quite smooth. In the majority of the guards it is destroyed, holx7ever, 

with the exception of the apical part of the a1veo:ns. Therefore 

the layers of tl~c guard are mostly immediately esposc

Sometimes the ventral fissure reaehes the surface of the guard at the 

level of the embryonic bulh or even somcwhat below this latter. In 

some instances irregularly bent (see pl. SI): fig. 3a) or straight bottoms 

of ventral fissure running very ol)liquely ul)mard and forming angles of 

only 5-lj0 15-it11 tl~e inner xvall of the alveolus (see pl. 77, fig. 5e) dso 

occur. All the extremes are connected by numerous transitions with one 

anot,l~cr ancl with the al~ove (lcscribed predominant type of the outline. 

The median line ;11\~ays runs closer to the ventral side of the guard, 

being as a rule two-fifths of the thickness of the gnard away from this 

latter. Its course is com~nonly quite to almost straight within the anterior 

t,hrec-quarters of the postalveolar part, of the guard hut it deviates 

slightly toward t,llc median plane of the guard in the apical 

quarter of the same. Therefore t,he rnrtcro nearly ;~l~vays lies within 

ihe median plane of the guard or eseeetlingly close to this latter. 

The alveolar fissure is always long in relation to the depth of the 

al~,eolus. In the majority of the guards studied it reaches well into the 

posterior third or quarter of the alreolns (pl. 79, figs. lc, 2, 3a, 6e, 7). 

The goar(ls in 11.11icl1 tltc alveolar fissure ends somewhat bclo~v tlle mi& 

dlc of the alveolr~s (sce pl. 76> fig. 2; pl. 77, fig. 2b) are uncommon, and 

those in \rhieh the fissnrc (locs not reach t,he middle of the alveolus are 

exceerlingly rare. At the salne time the inst;~nces when the ventral 

fissure reachcs the snrfacc of the gnard only 3-6 mm. above the level 

of the embryonic bulb are qnite comlnon (pl. 79, figs. lc, 2) ; sometimes 

the rentri~l fissure even re:~cl~es the surface of the guard at the level 

of the enlliryonic bulb. 

Jocf~lities, Geographicf~l a1uI Str(itigrnpkku1 Rang" Belo)rt~~mitelln 

aw~ericn~ra (Norton) v;lr. on~cricnna nov. var. forms from 60% to 95% 

of the populations of B. n~iiericana (Morton) in almost all belemnite 

colleetions from Nev Jersey, Delam7are and Maryland which werc 

stnclied by the \vriter. Only the lot 174796 USNhl is dominated by 

t,r:~nsitional forms betv.ecn K. americnntb var. sz~bf11siforn1i.9 and var. 

longa. Only one gnarcl out of five can be referred to B. anrericana var. 

a)neric(~na in this lot. 

B. a)nericana va~.. a~nevi~(ina ;tplicars to be ahout equally nnmerous 

in the JIount Laurel sand and in the Navesink marl; its representatives 

from the two formations are indistingr~isl~able. It is possible, 

ho\vever, that extensive ,bed by l~e(l collecting woulcl show that specimens 

of 11. a)~~erieon~r from the hIo1unt La~~rel sand are somewhat more 

slencler ancl possess longer, more acnte, and less distinctly mucronate 

;~l?ical ends of tl~c goartl, ;~nd have a smaller value of the Sehatsky Index, 

than thosc from the N;~vcsink marl. 

Tl~e geographic;~l range of n. anloricnnn var. antaricana appears to 

coinei~le vith that of other describc~l val.ict,ies of the species. 



Belemnitella americana (Morton) var. subfusiformis Whitfield 1892 

Plate iG, Figures 4a-4e; l'late 76, Figures la-le, 2a-2e. 3a-3c; 

Plate i9, Figure 4 

Belcmnites amcrica~~us var. A Suhfusiform, Morton, 1834, p. 34, pl. 1, 

fig. 3. 

Belomnitella amcricana var. snbfi~~ifor~nk Whitfield, 1892, p. 280, 

espl. of plate 47, figs. 1-2. 

Taxonomic Renfarks.-The form here dcsoibed as Belemnitelln 

nn~ericnna (Morton, 1830) var. subfnsiforn~is Whitfield, 1892, was 

first differentiated from the t,ypical Bolentnitellu untcricana by Morton 

(1834, p. 34, pl. 1, fig. 3) himself, who has considered it to be a variety 

of this species. In so far as Morton did not use the latinizctl form of 

the word "subfusiform" either in the test or in the explanation of the 

figure, the name is clearly not a\.ailahle under thc Rules of Zoological 

Nomenclature from his Synopsis. Should it. be available, however, it 

would fall into synonymy of Belen~nites szcbfzisiformis Raspail, 1820, 

as both forms have been referred to the same genus Belc~n~~ites Lamarek, 

1799, by their authors. 

Whitfield (1892, p. 280, explanation of plate XLVII) was apparently 

the first to use Morton's informal name LLSubfusiform" in its 

latinized form ".sztbfii.siforii~is". 11e has also refigured the original 

specimen of Morton under this name. Accordingly Whitfield (1892) 

must he considered to be the author of this variety in spite of the fact 

that he has passed it into the synonymy of Belornnitella americana 

(Morton). In so far as this variety was referred by Whitfield to the 

genus Belemnitclla dlOrhigny 1842 and not to Belemnites Lamarck, 

1799, the name Belemnitella americana (Morton) Tar. subfusiformis 

Whitfield, 1892 does not become a junior synonym of Belernnites subfesiformis 

Raspail, 1829, \~hich, in the meantime, has hcen assigned to 

t.he genus llibolitos hlontford, 1808 (see Bulow-Trummer, 1920, p. 154). 

Type specimen.-The original specimen of Morton (ANSP 19488) 

hecomes the holotype of Belemnitella americana var. subfusiformis 

Whitfield by monotypy, as Whitfield has applied the name only to that 

specimen (pl. 78, figs. la-lc). The esact locality and the formation from 

which this and other of Morton's types of B. ainericanu have been col- 

lected are unknown. 

.Morphology.-Guard usually small to mcclium sized, its proportions 

vary from moderately short and sturdy (see pl. 78, figs. la-lc) to long 

and slender (see pl. 78, figs. 2a-2c). D. nn~ericana Tar. sz~bf~~siforntis 

is the smallest of all the known varieties of the species; all its largest 

representatives known to the mriter are transitional to II. anrericanu T~I.. 

polita, B. americana var. longn, or to B. an~ericana var. americana. The 

guard is normally pronouncedly to moderately lanceolate in its ventral 

aspect and feebly lanceolate, subcylindrical or very feebly subconical 

(rarely) in its lateral aspect (see pl. 78, figs. la-lc, 3a-3c; pl. 


BELEMNITIDAE 149 

79, fig. 4). In the vast majority of specimens very strong (predominantly) 

to moderate (seldom) dorso-ventral flattening and compression 

occur thronghout the postnlveolar part of the guard, or rarely over 

its entire length, tending to increase in the posterior direction. There 

are rare representatives of the variety, however, which almost lack any 

(lorso-ventral flattening and do not show any dorso-ventral compression 

at all (sce pl. 78, figs. 3a-3c). The maximun~ lateral diameter is 

llsually situated very low in the apical third of the guard, or in its 

apical quarter (see pl. 78, figs. la, 2;1). In the slender representatives 

of the variety, ho~vever: it may be situated much higher (see pl. 78, fig. 

:

15n CRETACEOTJS FOSSILS 

clnding the holotype of the variety, the longitudinal striae beconie 

strongly predominant not only on the posterior Iit~lf of thc guard but, 

also on its dorsal side over its anterior half. 

The character of the longitudinal clorso-lateral depressions, as well 

as that of the double dorso-lateral fnrro~vs anrl thr: main vascular iinpressions 

branching off these latter in tl~c apical third of the guard, do 

not seem to sliow any material differenccs from those of lI. a~iiericoirn 

Tar. a~~tericana (see pl. '78, figs. lb-c, 2b-c, :3b). 

The dcpth of the alveolus varies very consiilerably in the spec' >imens 

studied; in the majority of specimens (e.g. pl. 78, figs. lc, 2c) its depth 

fluctuates bet\veen 20 and 30% of the total length of tlic gn;~rd (27% 

in the holotype). In some extreme cases, ho~vcrcr, the depth of the alveolus 

may decrease to 73.15% of the total length of the gnard (e.g. 

pL 78, fig. 3c). 

The \ralues of the SehatsLy Inclcs lie, as a ritle, between 2.5 and 3.5 

mm. In relatively rare instances, however, values of 1.5-2.5 mm. and 

of 3.5-4.5 mm. have also been observed. 

The values of the alveolar angle in the dorso-ventral plane fluctuate 

het~vccn 18" and 28' in specimens mliich could be aceiirately mcasurecl. 

The length of the ventral fissure in relation to the depth of the alveolus 

varies in about the same limits as that of B. a~~lericano wr. 

amoricana (see pl. 7S1 figs. la-lc; 2a-2c, 3a-3c; pl. 79, fig. 4). The fissure 

of B. antcricana var. suhfusifor)ni,$ is shorter, lio~vever, than that 

of R. americnna rar. antcricana in relation to the total length of the 

guard. 

The limits of the variation in the outline of l.11c ventral fissnre appear 

to be the same as in B. an~erica?ra Tar. a)rro.ica~ta. Contrary to this 

variety, horrcver, the do~~~n~\~ardly concave outline of its bottom with 

the ventral fissure rcaching the surface of tl~e guard only a few mm. 

above the level of its beginning on the inner \\.all of the alveolus (see 

111. 78, fig. lb) is predominant in B. n~~tcrica~ra. var. szihfzisifor?nis. occurring 

in sonic 45-5070 of t,he specimens st.~~~lie(l. Tlie nest most common 

outline of tlie bottom is the S-like one (see pl. 78, fig. 2c). ~vliieli 

is also decidsdly uncommon in 11. anlovicuna vdr. illlle~iea?la. It ocel11's 

in some 10.15% of the speciulens studied. The irregularly bent outlines 

of the bottom (see pl. 79, fig. 4), with tlie fissiirc reaching the 

surface of the guard at about the lcvel of its beginning on the inner. 

wall of the alveolus or some\vhat below this latter! are niore common in 

H. f~iitericaaa rar. szibfzlsiformis than in B. ai~tcricnzla rar. a~~tcri(~a~rr 

It appears that the forms of B. americana var. sribfusifor~~tis possessing 

the more sliallow alrcolus, a typically laricet~late ventral outline 

of the gnard, and strongly flattened and co~npressc~l dorso-ventrally, 

tend to have the largest angles (up to 120°-130°, see pl. 78,. fig. 3c) bctween 

tlie bottom of the ventral fissure mcl the inuer \\-all of the alvco- 

111s and the most complcsly bent outlines of its bottom (scc pl. i3! fig. 

3c; pl. 79, fig. 4). At the same time these estremc forms sec111 to be 

charactcrieed by thc smallest valiics of tlie Schatsl,-y Index and the 


greatest values of the al\.eolar angle (24'-28'). Therefore, these extreme 

forms appear to deser\.e a formal varietal n;~me, \vhich is not proposed 

here only because of the paucity of sufficiently well preserved 

and typical specimens of them in the material studied. Conversely, the 

less lnnceolate, sturdier, and larger forms of R. a~ne~icana var. sztbfrrsifor~~ris 

are characterized I)? deeper alveolus; they also have, as a 

rnlc, inore regular, st,raigl~ter, or at 1e;~st less complexly bent outlines 

of the botton~s of rontral fissnre t~nil sm111lcr r;llues of its angle with the 

inner n.all of thc alreolus. These features appear to be coupled in them 

with somerhat greater ralucs of the Scliatsky Indes (3.0-3.5 to 4.0 

mm.). There are, ho~vevor: mall? csecptions to this rnle and all the 

extreme fornis are connected by intermediate forms. 

The cl~ar;~cter of the ontogenetic development in R. americana var. 

sabfa.sifor~tris has only been ohscrred in a fern longitudinally split or 

polisl~ed specimens. These oliservations have, homever, been supplcmenti:d 

by the st,u

152 CRETACEOUS FOSSIIJS 

longa in these same respects (see pl. 79, fig. 5a). It cannot be too strongly 

stressed, however, that at least some juvenile guards of B. americana. 

.szrbfusiformis are indist,inguishable from the more slender and 

longer jnrenile guard types occurring in 1:. amoricana var. americana 

and that the number of the guards of both varieties studied in this respect 

is insufficient for any definite conclusions on the subject. 

Dktribzitwn and Stratiprapi~ica' Runye.-Within the state of New 

Jersey B. americnna rar. s~rbfi~sifor~~zts, and the guards transitional 

between it and other varietias of the species, have been encountered in 

almost eyery one of the localities from which belemnite collections hare 

been studied by the ~riter; it is, however, absent from such localities 

as Barnsboro and Glassboro, New Jerscy, and Reedy Point, Delaware, 

which is probably owing to t,he small amount of the gnards availahle 

(1 to 7) from these localities. 

The writer has seen specimens of R. americana var. subfusiforntis 

from the Nount Laurel sand as n7ell as from the Navesink marl, which 

seems to indicate that it has the same stratigraphieal range as the rest 

of the varieties of t,he species. 

B. anlericana var. svbfusiformis is a rare form at most of its localities. 

Only from 1% to 15.20% of the guards have been found to he 

referable to it at most of the localities studied. 


JIOUNT LAUREL: Xutt Farm. 

NAVESINIC: Cream Ridge, Arneytown. 

Range oatside New Jersey- 

Chesapeake and Dela\xran: Canal between Reedy Point and St. 

Georges (Mount Laurel-Yavesink) ; Bohemia Mills, Maryland. 

Affinities and Differences.-The reduced value of the Schatsky Index 

appears to be one of the r~~ost reliable (listinetinns between B. americnna 

rar. sitbfusifor~~bis on the one hand and R. nmericana var. americasa. 

R. a~~~erieunn var. .i11ter11ier7,ia, and 8. a~~rericana nov. var. indet. 

Tar. A and B on the other. There even seem to be relatively few specimens, 

that are transitional betmecn both groups of forms in this respect,. 

Also the pronouncedly laneeolate outline of its guard in ventral aspect 

and n~ostlyfeebly lanceolate outline in lateral nspeet readily distinguish 

R. an~ericann var. sabfiisifornlis from all other varieties with the eseeption 

of B. amcricana var. interntedia. This latter variety is, however, 

distinct from B. omoricana var. subfusiforz~lis in its greater value 

of the Schatsky Index, its much deeper alveolus, and in the acute, long: 

and almost nonmueronate outline of the apical end of its guard. The 

shallower alveolus is also helpful in the differentiation of l3. antericann 

Tar. subfusiforrnis from other varieties of the species. 

From B. anterica?aa Tar. polita nov. var., B. anzcrica?~a var. szrbftraiformis 

differs in the presence of relatively strongly developed sculpture 

of the surface of the guard, in its relatively much smaller, shorter, and 


sturdier guard, and in the obtuse, short, and distinct,ly mucronate 

apical end of this latter. 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) var. longa Jeletzky nov. var. 

I'latc T7, Figures 4a-4c; Plate 78, Figures 5a-5c; 

Plate 79, Figures 5a-5b 

B. anaericana var. longa is very similar to the extremely slender and 

distinctly mucronate forms of B. americana var. an~ericana, like those 

reproduced on pl. iii figs. 2a-2e, in the proportions and general outline 

of its guard, as well as in the obtuse, distinctly mucronate apical end 

of the same, and in the cl~aracter of the sculpture of the surface of its 

guard. It differs, hoxvever, in the greater length and slenderness of its 

guard, its lesser dorso-ventral flattening and compression, and in the 

much smaller value of its Sellatsky Index, which fluctuates from 3.0 

to 3.5 mm. in the specimens studied. It also seems to differ from R. 

americana var. americana and to approach closely B. americann var. 

s~abf~csiforiiais (see PI. 79, fig. 5a) in the character of its ontogenetic 

(levelopment. 

In the value of its Schatsky Index R. ainericana var. longa is very 

close tn 5'. amerieana Tar. polifa and R. americana var. sirbflasiformis. 

It is, furthermore, connected with H. amc?icana var. polita by semismooth 

intcrme~liate forms, like that reprorinced on pl. '77, figs. 4a-4c, 

and with tho slen(1er and long forms of R. americana var. ~mbfusiformi.~ 

by int,ermcdiatc forms: like that reprodrrced on pl. '78, figs. 2a-2c. Therefore 

this rariety appears to be an extreme development of the slender 

and feebly lanceolate forms of B. americana Tar. subfiisiformis (see 

p1 78, figs. 2a-2c). It differs from these latter forms in the considerably 

greater length and slenderness of its guard, in the regular and slow 

apical tapering of the lateral outline of this latter, in the regularly and 

feehly conical ventral outline of its guard, and in the greater amount 

of its dorso-ventral compression and flattening. 

The guard of R. anwricana var. longa differs sharply from that of 

R. americana var. polita in its pronouncedly sculptured surface, markedly 

conical lateral and rent,ral outlines: and obtuse, short, and distinctly 

mucronate apical end. 

It differs from those of B. anlericana var. intermedia, sturdier and 

shorter forms of R. americnna. var. a~nericana, and B. americana nov. 

var. indet. A. and R. in the same features as from those of the slender 

forms of R. ainericana var. americana. The differences between both 

groups of forms are more strongly expressed, however, with the exception 

of the value of the Schatsky Index. The greater depth of the 

alveolns is an additional distinguishing feature of all above mentioned 

forms from B. anlericana var. longa. B. arnericana var. intermedia 

differs from B. americnna var. longa also in the feebly lanceolate shape 

and the long, acute, and nonmueronatc apical end of its guard. 

B. arnericana var. longa is a rare variety occurring mostly in single 

specimens among numerous representatives of B. americana Tar. amer- 



icana and more rarely among representatives of the other varieties of 

the species. Forms transitional betxcen these t~vo occur in most fossil 

lots from New Jersey studied by the writer. There are no indications 

that the geographical or stratigraphical ranges of the variety differ 

from those of the species. 


MOUXT LAUREL: Xutt F:~rin, Cross~\.icks Creel; 

NAVESINK: Cream Rid:.

the gro\r.tli lines. If some exceedingly slender, long, and quite smooth 

juvenile guards found at the localities mentioned below really helong 

t,o B. a~irericana rar. polita rather than to B. antericana var. longa, 01. 

K. antericana var. sabfusiforn~is. its ontogeny would be similar to that 

of the two last mentioned varieties. 

B. unlericai~a var. polita is an extreme form of the species that appears 

to he closest to the slender semi-smooth forms of 13. a~nericana var. 

subfusifornris and of B. a~iaericai~a var. loaga on the one hand and to 

the extremely slender and most feebly sculptured forms of B. americana 

var. interinetlia on the other. It is connected by the numerous 

t,ransitional forms with the former two varieties but there do not seem 

t,o be any transitional forms between B. americana Tzar. polita and B. 

antcricnna var. intermedia with regard to the value of the Schatsky 

Index. This favors the idca that It. antoricana Tar. polifa is yet another 

extreme derclopinent of the group of forms surrounding B. americanrr 

rar. s~rbfnsifortitis and is not elose to B. atncricana rar. infarmedin. 

The guard of B. americana rar. polita. differs marlcedly from other 

rarieties of B. unlcricana s. I. in its smooth to almost smooth surface 

combined with the extremely slender and long proportions of the guard, 

~rhieh combination of characters is peculiar to this variety. 

B. antericana var. polifa is a rare form oecnrring in the 31onnt 

Laurel sand as ~vell as in the Xavesink marl. 

Ro~lge in :Vela Jersey- 

MOUNT LAUREL: Nutt lhrm. 

XAVESINI( : Cret~m Riclgc. 

Kn~rgc ot~tsi


fissure is long and reaches well into the lower third or quarter of the 

alveolus. The bottom of the ventral fissurc usually forms an angle of 

30"-50" with the inner wall of the alveolus; it is either almost straight 

or has an S-like shape (see pl. 77, fig. le) in the specimens studied. 

Also sharply bent or rounded, concave downward bottoms of the ventral 

fissure have been noted in some specimens. Alveolus is deep and wide, 

it fluctuates between tnro-fifths and one-half of the total depth of the 

guard and the alveolar angle is from 20' to 23'. The Sehatsky Index 

fluctuates between 4.5 and 5.5 mm. The apical end of the guard is long, 

acute, and almost to quite devoid of amuero. The sculpture of the guard 

usually consists of relatively feeble and widely spaced vascular imprints 

and longitudinal striae. Often the guards become semi-smooth over 

part or all of the posterior half. The sculpture varies, however, from a 

type almost indistinguishable from that of the typical R. antoricanavar. 

atnericana to one approaching the semi-smooth specimens of R. amerieana 

var. longa (see pl. 77, figs. 4a-4c). 

The guard reproduced on pl. 77, figs. la-le is herewith designated 

as the holotype of B. americana var. intermetlia nov. var. 

The guards referable to B. antericana var. internledia closely resemble 

those of the short, sturdy varieties of R. a?)terical~a var. antericana 

(see pl. 79, figs. 6a-c, 7) and are connected with them by numerous 

transitional forms. Also forms transitional between B. a?ncricana var. 

intermedia and the slender forms of B. alnericanu var. americana are 

common in some lots. B. americana Tar. internledia differs, however, 

from B. americana var. a,acricana in its distinctly lanceolate shape in 

ventral and lateral aspects. It shows a marked contraction at about the 

level of the base of the ventral fissure. This contraction is follo~ved by 

a gradual and even, but marlredly increased expansion of the guard all 

the way up to its alveolar rim. This contraction and the anterior expansion 

of the guard are especially well marked in its lateral aspect; 

they result in the pronounced widening of the alveolar part of the guard 

which is characteristic of R. arnoricana Tar. intermedia (see pl. 77: figs. 

lb-lo). Also the much feebler sculpture of the surface of the guard, the 

lack of granulation, and the deep alveolus reaching from two-fifths to 

one-half of the total length of the guard distinguish B. americana var. 

intermedia from B. americana var. americana, although some of the 

forms of the latter variety may become indistinguishable from the 

former variety in these features. The extremely slender and distinctly 

mueronate forms of B. alaericana, var. americana like that reproduced 

on pl. 77, figs. 2a-2c, and on pl. 79, figs. la-ld, are also much more 

slender and longer than B. americana var. intermedia, apart from being 

pronouneedly mucronate and obtuse in their apical ends, mhieh is never 

the case in B. anaericana var. interr~~edia. There are, however, numerous 

transitional forms connecting these forms with the slender representatives 

of B. amcricana var. intermedia, some of then1 occurring in the lot 

liSNRf 16287, together with the extreme slender forms of R. americana 

var. americana. 


From Belemnitella amerieana var. A, the' guard of B. antericarza 

var. intermedia differs primarily in its feebly lanceolate outline in 

lateral and ventral aspect, and in its marked dorso-ventral flattening 

and compression. Otherwise the two forms are very similar. 

From B. antericana Tar. B., the guard of B. americana var. inter- 

11tedicl. differs in the same lnorpl~ological charilcters as from the sturdy 

and short forins of li. americana var. amen'cana. 

The differences of B. amerieana var. intermedia from R. americana 

var. sirbfirsifol.n~is, B. ccn~cvieann Tar. longa, and B. americana var. 

polita have already been discussed. 

Belemnitella americana var. intermedia is a rare form occurring at 

almost all New Jersey Belcmnitella localities from which nnmerous 

belemnites have been studied. 

Range in lVew Jersey- 

hIOIJNT LAUR,EL: Nutt Farm. 

NAVESINIC: Arneyto\rn, Sutt Farm, Cream Ridge. 

Range outside Xew Jersey- 

Chesapeake and Delarvitre Canal near St. Georges. 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) Tar. I\. 

I'late 77, Figures 5a-5e 

A single specinzen of Nele~rriritellc~ fronz Sc~vell, N. J. cliffcrs from 

all previously discussecl varieties of B. ati~oicaira (Morton) s. lr~fo in 

the feeble dorso-vent,ral flattening and coinpression of its goilrcl below 

the base of its ventral fissure. This resnlts in a much lesser execs of tl~c 

lateral diameter of the guard over the dorso-ventral one than in otl~er 

varieties of B. americana s. 1. The ratio, lateral (liameter/~lorso-ventral 

diameter is, in fact, only 12.0 to 10.0 at the point 23 mm. above the apical 

end of the guard and only 12.7 to 13.1 at the level of the base of the 

alveolar fissure, compared with thc respective ratios of 10.3 to 8.7 and 

11.5 to 12.2 for the typical 6. amcriccnla var. arnoricana specimen. In 

ndclition to the above feature the saicl guard is distinguislied by the insignificant 

length of its alveolar fissure, which only amounts to about, 

two-fift.hs of the depth of the alveolus, its unusually deep alveolus reaching 

almost one half of the total lengtll of the gnard, and in the very long 

and almost straight bottom of it,s ventral fissure resembling that of li. 

praeeursor Stolley s. lato. 

The gnard is fairly sturdy and short and is conlparable to those of 

the short and st,urdy varieties of B. urrloricanu var. americana in this 

respect. Its snrface is only moderately sculptured by t,he vascular inprints 

and Iongituclinal striae and is not granulated at all. In the lateral 

aspect the gnar~l tapers gradually and evenly all the ~vi~y from its alveolar 

rim to t,he point some 10-15 mm. above its apical end: from which 

the apical tapering increases markedly. The apical end of the guard 



is rounded and fairly obtuse but lacks a well defined mucro. The valne 

of the Sellatsky Index is ahout 4.5 mm. 

Tlie above discussed gnarrl ;~pproachcs most closely those of I:. 

ntl~ericnna Tar. attlericcc?~a and 8. n~t~ericrnln var. intermedia. From the 

gui~rcls of the lat,ter variety it differs, ho~vever, in its regular, marked, 

and even apical tapering in the lateral uslieet, comhined with its 

rounded and ohtose ;~pical end, an11 the considerably lesser dorsoventral 

flattening ant1 eo~npressio~~. From 6. nntoricat~a var. americotlfi 

t,lle above discussed guard cliff'ers mainly in the considerably lesser 

rlorso-ventral flattening and compression and in its deeper al~,eolus. At. 

the same time the aho\.c discussed morphological characters of the 

guard, combined with its relatirely feeble seulptureil surface, ally it 

\vith such Eurasian Relen~nitclle forms as B. praecarsor Stolley Tar. 

nt~~c~onatifor~nis Jeletzky, 1955, sm;lll unnamecl variants of B. ~TLcrot~ntn 

(Schloth.) fro^^^ the zone of K. ~a~ccronntn mot. senior Nowt~k 

s. sir., ant1 R. ~t~~iero~lntn (Schloth.) mut. ~tlinor Jeletzky, 1951. As a 

possible intermediate form bet\vecn I:. ntnericnna rar. intern~edia ant1 

the abore mentioned Eurasian ileleartritella forrns this guard certainly 

ileserves attention. So close inclc$:(l, is its morpl~ological silnilarit,~ to 

some of the guards of 13. pvnecuvsor Stolley rar. mao.onatiforn~is Jel., 

I955 or to those of the above mentionefl 1lnn;lmed variants of K. IIIIIoo~lata 

(Schloth.) t,luat the ~vriter \vonl(l refer this New Jerseyan guard 

to one of them mere it not for the fact that its Sclratsky Inrles is only 

4.5 mm. This villue is ~vell below the values characteristic of the aforementioned 

Eurasian Relctr~nitclln forms and does not differ materially 

from those el~aracteristie of B. an~erica?ba var. anlcric:n?~a ant1 B. an~et'icana 

var. internbedin. Tllcrefore the Selvell guard appears to be nothing 

else but a peealiar morpl~ological variety of B. altrerieana (s. 1.) 

perhaps transitional bet~veen K. nn~erien~la var. intermedia and the 

ahove mentioned Eurasian Kele~trr~itella forms. In this connection it is 

interesting to note that t,he Se\vell guard \vas found alone at a locality 

from which no other Bolon,trifel!a forms were available to the writer. It 

has been considered preferable not to give a formal varietal name to 

tl~is guard until more specimens arc a~~iilable and its strt~tigral)hieal 

relationships are clarified. 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) par. 13 

Plate 'ill, Figures 8a-8e 

A single i~rconrplete guard from an nnkno~vn loca1it.y in Netr drrsey 

differs from all ot,her previously discussed varieties of K. ntncri~:~ri~n 

s. I. in its much shorter and sturdier guard and in the very pronouncerl 

and even apical tapering of this latter in its lateral and \,entrill aspects. 

The alveolus is relatively deep? judging by its preserved lo~ver part: 

its angle in the dorso-ventral plane is 18-19°. The Schatsky Index is 

4.5-5.0 mm. The bottom of the alveolar fissnre is slightly concave toward 

the apical part of the guard and short, forming a 45-50' angle 


with the inner wall of the alveolus. iipical end of the guard is narrow 

but obt,use and pronouncedly mucronate. The surface of the guard is 

strongly sc~~lptured in the usual fashion and partly granulated over its 

anterior half. The posterior half is only very feebly sc~llpturecl, ~vhieh 

may be partly due to its mode of preservation. 

The above clescribcd guard appears to he an extreme dcveloprnellt. 

of the sturily: short forms of R. nntericana var. antericil?~a. As srtch it 

is morphologically opposite to R. ai~~erica?~a Tar. s~~bfnsi{orrnis, H. anteriea~~a 

Tar. polita, and H. anacricnnn var. lonya. In its somelvhat increased 

value of the Schatsky Index it also approaches B. anlerieona 

var. intcr~nedia and Bolem?titelln nl~lcrieana (Morton) var. A. 

Tl~e writer decided not to name formally this extreme variety of 

I3elei1tnitella alnericana s. I. as its only lino~vn representat,i\,e is rather 

incomplete in its alveolar part and appears to be some\rhat corroded 

in its apical half. Besides, its exact locality and formatio~~ are unltnown. 

It should also be considered that in the shape of its guarrl the specimen 

here clisenssed is very similar to the east European Relo~tnitclla col~iea 

Arlihangelsky, 1912 (see Arkhangelsky, 1912, pl. IS,. figs. 20-21, pl. X, 

fig. 31). Althougli for the time being it appears inadvisable even to suggest 

the specific indentity of both guards, Arkhangelsky's figures being 

ini~dequate and the inner structure of his specimer~ being unknown, 

dl~e two may yet be found to be specifically identical. 

Ranyo of 71. americana x. I. in A'etu .Jersey- 

MOIJNT LAURETJ-XI~VESIXIC : various localities along Crosswicks 

Creek between \Valnford and New Egypt, Arneytown, Cream 

Ridge, Poricy Branch near Jlid(Ileto~~n, 1.2 miles east JIarlboro, Alullica 

Hill, Pemherton, IInrffville, % mile east of 1~'ootlsto~rn~ Glasshorn: 

Se~vell. 

Range of B. ai~~erieana s. I. or~f.side A'otu Jersey- 

Various localities on Cllesapeake and Delalr.are Canal in Mount, 

I~aurel-Navesink and "Red Bank" formation (See Groot, Organist 

anil RRichar(ls> 1954) Bollelnia Mills, $Id. 

It must be stressed emphatically that not a single guard referable 

to R. antcricaaa (Morton) s. I. has been seen by the writer from localities 

south of Maryland. The Hole~~l?titella guards recorded under the name 

of Belo~nnitella a,nlorica?la (RIorton) from the E. cancellatu zone of 

North Carolina (see Stephenson, 1923> pp. 183, 400, locality 3449) and 

Afississippi (see Stephenson 8: Monroe, 1940, p. 108, table of the fossils 

of the Selma chalk, locality 64'i9e, etc., hfacon, 4% mi S) are the only 

ones known to the writer that are likely to bclo~~g to this species according 

to their stratigraphic position. These guards \Trere unfortunately 

not available for study. All Helon~nifelln g~larcls seen from the next 

younger Ezoyyrn costntazone of t,l~e So~~thern ~\tl;~ntic and Gulf States 

ltase invariably becn found to belong to 8. ef. b~flbusrr Meek and Flay- 

(Inn \vhich shall be described else~vhere. 



Strnfiyropl~icrrl Ranye of K. n~tisricailn (dlorton) S. Into 

Wit,hin its known geographical range 11. ntncricr~ilo (Norton) s. lalo 

appears to be restrictetl to the Navesink and IZonnt Lanrel formations 

of the Afonmouth Group and to the equivalent parts of the undivided 

Monmouth group of the State of Maryland. In this coilneetion it shonld 

be noted that the Red Bank sand of Dela~v;~re anrl Maryland (see Groot, 

Organist, Br R,ichards, 1964, p. 29) carrying B. americana (h2orton) 

s. 1. and other Mt. Laurel-Navesink fossils may be older than the type 

Red Bank sand of New Jersey and equivalent to the upper part of the 

Navesink formation of that state. 

Age of the Beletnnitello ainericana Zone 

Within its known geographical range Relen~nitella anlericnna s. I. 

appears to have been eontenlporary with Exogyra cailcellnta Stephenson 

and Anomia tellinoides Jlorton, the t~vo index fossils of the videspread 

fossil zone of the late IJpper Cretaceous of the Atlantic and Gulf 

States (see Stephenson, 1933). The Exogyra eai~ecllala zorre is now 

thought to embrace the Alount Laurel sand as well as the Navesink marl 

(see Groot, Organist and Richards, 1954, pp. 43,45) and not tlie 1lou11t 

Laurel sand alone as it was thought earlier (e.g. Stephenson, 1933 1 

Stephenson et al., 1942). This makes B. an~ericana s. 1. the third invertebrate 

index fossil of the Ezog!jrn caitcellnta zone, as far as t,l~r 

states of New Jersey, Delaware, and Dlaryland are concerned. 1\11 records 

of B. americana s. I. from the yoilnger Ezoy?/ra eostafa zone of 

the Carolinas, Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas appear to be dnc to the 

confusion of this species with its close ally and apparent descen(lant, 

BeLeninitella cf. bulbosa Meek and Eayden, 1856. It appears, thcrefore, 

reasonably certain that B. anlericnnu 11oes not ascend into the 

Exogyra costntn zone in the al~ovc ment,ionetl Southern ht,lant,ic and 

Gulf States. 

There does not seem to be much douht that the zone of B. an~erie~~nn 

s. 1. is of a general Upper Campanian age in the sense of the writer (see 

Jeletzky, in Cobban 6; Reeside! 1953, pp. 1026-25). This is inclicated 

by the fact that the Exogyra cancellntn zonc carries ill Tenncssec (ser 

Wade, 1926, pp. 19-20) and in Texas (see Stephenson: 1941, pp. 17-20) 

the index fossils of the lower part of the Baculites contpressus zonc of 

the U. S. Western Interior region. Its fossil content in t,hese Statcs 

seems to be sufficiently diagnostic to suggest tentatively that it belongs 

to the early part of the late Upper Campanian stage and is therefore 

equivalent to tlie lower part of tlie Bostr~/clioeeros polyplocuiri 6: 1:clemnitella 

mz~cronata mut. minor zone of northern Eurasia (see Jelutzky, 

1951). The fossil evidence available is, ho~r.erer, not conclusiv: 

enough to indicate anything but the general Upper Can~panian age for 

the zone of B. americana s. I. and for the 3lt. T~a~~rel-X;~vesink fauni~ in 

general. 


Types.-B. americana americana New Jersey ANSP (lectotype) ; 

B. americana sudfnsiformis New Jersey ANSP 19488; B. ameri- 

cana longa Cream Ridge Geol. Surv. Canada ; B. americuna 

polita near St. Georges, Dcl. ANSP 2/1; R. americanu inte1.- 

~nedia Arneytomn, N.J. ANSP 9/3. 


THE UPPER CRETACEOUS DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS 01" 

NEW JERSEY AND DELAWARE 

Order DECSPODI~ Tiatreille 

Tribe PARANEP~IROPSIDE~I\ Bearlen 

Family Erymaidae van Straelen 

Genus Enoploclytia M'Coy, 1849 

Subgenus E?toplocl?ltia AI'Coy, 1849 

Enoploclytia (Enoploclytia) sp. 


Description.-Body of finger gently arcnate as seen from ahovc: 

lateral profile straight; cross-section broadly elliptical, diminishing 

slightly in width toward t,he tip; tip and insertion unknown. Tt:eth 

erect, conical to cylindrical, higher than their basal diameter and not 

Icss than their diameter apart, alternately large ;IIIC~ small or rarcly 

with tn.0 small teeth hetween a pair of large t,ecth. Occludent surface 

of finger bounded by an impressed line of pits on either side; lat,ertll 

si~rfaces closely and coarsely pitted, the pits slightly elongated :1n(1 

arranged in roughly longitudinal rows. 

Tl~e figured specimen, probably a propodal finger, has five rather 

evenly spaced occludent teeth the tips of which are broken. Near the 

~vicle end of the finger the position of t\vo more teeth is marked by eircular 

depressions in the integument. 

AIeasnrements of the figured specimen: length 23.6, height at mi+ 

clle 6.1, thickness at middle 5.2 mm. 

Re111lrrks.-Represented by five fingers which differ from those of 

Enop.'oc/?/tia (Enoploclytia) tzcrnin~anzss Rathbun (1935, p. 18, pl. 1, 

figs. 5-7; "probably Selma Chalk": Alabama) in having much wider 

spaces hrt~veen the teeth and fewer small teeth between the large. 

Distribl~ti07~ i?t New Jersey.-3ferehantville formation: Grahaln 

Brick Company pits, Maple Shade. 

Outside rli,stribi~tion.-Delavare: hlerchantville formation. 

Figured specimen.-WFIS No. li081. 

- 

1 This atudy was carried out while the writer waa at the Wagner Free Institute of Science 

in Philadelphia. Pa. His present address ia United States National Museum, Washington. 

IS. D. C. 



Subgenus Palaenstac~ts Bell, 1850 

Enoploclytia IPalaeastacus) sp. 


Descriptiou-Dactylus straight, ovate-triangular in section, gradually 

tapering distally. Teeth circular in section, about equal in size 

and spacing, more than their diameter apart. The distance between 

the proximal (1st) tooth and the proximal end of the finger about equal 

to the spaee between the first and third tooth. Integument thick, studded 

with widely separated papillae and tubercles, the laster numerous 

on the upper surface of the dactylus where at least three arc on the midline. 

The posterior tubercle of this row of three forms an eqnilateral 

triangle with a transverse row of two tubercles behind it. Articular 

nodes stout, conical, widely fiaired at the bases and placed slightly below 

the upper margin of the finger. 

The tip of this unique finger is lacking and most of the low subconical 

to dome-shaped tubercles are broken. The occludenl surface hac 

a median row of six teeth plus a tubercle which is situated to one side 

of the midline between the third and fourth tooth. The lateral surfaces 

of the finger are flattish. 

Measurement of figured specimen : length 55.7, height Behind proximal 

tooth 15.2, thickness behind proximal tooth 13.O mm. 

Remarks.-This is the second giant Enoplocl7~tia that has been 

found in the Americas, the first being E. (P.) zudkeri (JQ~itfield, 1880. 

p. 37, pl. 16, figs. 1 a-c; pl. 17, fig. 1 a; Upper Albian; Texas), a species 

with a strongly curved and tapered dactylus. The straight dactylar 

axis and coarse surface tnberculation of our species agree with the de- 

scription of E. (P.) image1 M'Coy (1849, p. 332 ; Senonian ; England) ; 

however, the dactylar teeth of M'Coy's species-which has never heen 

figured-are said to be less than their diameter apart. 

Distributio?t.-Delaware: Merchantville formation: Spoil bank 

north of Chesapeake and Delaware Canal about one-quarter mile east 

of Summit Bridge, Delaware. 

Figured specimen.-WFIS No. 17079. 

Enoploclytia suhgen. et sp. indet. 

Plate 8P, Figure 6 

A rectangular fragment 1neas.1ring 30 x 40 mm., from the spoil bank 

near Summit Bridge, Delaware, represents the co?lrirx lateral surface 

of a large palm. Spinous tubercles ornament the surface and the po- 

sition of the carpopropodal articulation is marked by a broad, deep 

groove. In the same block of clay close to the palm there is an imper- 

fect mold of a large tubular finger. (ANSP 19734). 


Tribe NEPRROPSIDEA Stebbing 

Family Nephropsidae Stehhing 

Genus TIoploparia M'Coy, 1849 

Hoploparia gabbi Pilsbry 


IIoploparia gabbi Pilsbry, 1901, p. 115, pl. 1, figs. 11-14. 

Hoploparia gabbi, Weller, 1907, p. 846, pl. 110, figs. 12-15. 

Ifolopariagabbi, Pilsbry, 1916, pp. 90,91,361, pl. 10, figs. 1-4,8,9. 

Ifoploparia gabbi, Rathhun, 1935, p. 24, pl. 5, figs. 10, 11. 

non noloparia gabbi Davis and Lang, 1927, p. 47, pls. 2, 3. 

Description.-Carapace about one and fonr-fifths longer than higb ; 

branchial an6 pterygostomial fields rougliened with adpressed conicill 

granules. Median groove of rostrum narrow, lateral earinae transversely 

rounded, spinulate above, and cont~nned backward on the gastric 

field by two steadily diverging rows of oblique conical granules. 

Proximal slope of supraorbital spine long, spinulate, followed by a row 

of granules which parallels the row behind the lateral earina of t,he 

rostrum. Antennal field inconspicuously t,rilobed, the lobes convex rertically; 

distal edge of anterior lobe beaded, the two posterior lobes 

granulated medially. The antennal spine is replaced by a blunt tubercle 

at the antennal angle. 

Postcervical groove (e) broader and deeper than the other earapacal 

grooves. Cervical groove (e-el) barely areuate, rising to a point 

slightly below the level of the infraorbital spine. Anterior arm of hepatic 

groove (b~) deep and straight, posterior and lower arms shallow, 

the latter ascending to join (c). Antennal groove (b) angulated before 

the prominence omega (v), its proximal arm straight. u equilateral, 

lower border marked by a shallow groove. 

Abdominal terga dotted with small widely spaced punetae ; pleurons 

roughened with crowded soekets. A broad thickened rim horders the 

posterior margin of each pleuron; along the upper border of the pleuron, 

extending forward from the rim to the distal margin, there is a 

rounded and closely pitted ridge. 

Major chelae equal and symmetrical (WFIS 16947), elongateelliptical 

in lateral profile; about one and one-fifth times the length of 

the carapace (WFIS 16946). Palm highest between the anterior 

quarter and third; outer side of upper edge armed with an arcuate 

row of four curved and laterally eompresscd spines; between spines 

2 and 3 of this row but situated near the inner side of the palm there 

is a fifth spine similar to the other four. Lo~rer surface of palm bluntly 

rounded, the distal two-thirds with a narrow median groove mhicl~ continues 

onto the fixed finger. Fingers slightly shorter than palm; section 

of fixed finger obovate, concave on either side of the occludent sur- 



face except near the insertion of the finger, where it is convex. Dactylns 

flattened-elliptical, armed mith a strong dorsoproximal spine 

~vhich is in line with tlie row of spines on the outer side of the palm. 

Occlndeut teetli of both fingers eontiguous~ arranged so t,l~at the larger 

teeth of one finger oppose groups of smaller teeth of the ot,her. \jrrist 

spinons; its hinge process longer than wide, rounded apically, the longitudinal 

axis curved. 

hleasurements: length of carapace 44, length of palm 26 (TTTFIS 

1694'7) ; length of chela 68.5, lerigth of palm 37.5, heizht of palm 23.8 

(JVFIS 16946) ; length of palm 51, l~eigllt 33.7, thiclcness 20.5 mm. 

(ANSP 19749). 

Renlarks.-The carapacc of Eloplopariu {labbi is rare and has not 

been described heretofore. It is distinguishable from all other Coastal 

l'lain hoploparids by tlie absence of ridges and tubercles from t,l~e antennal 

field. Rathhitn (1926, p. 187) points out that tht! palms suggest 

those of If. te~~nessecnsis Rathbun; ho~~~ever, the palm of the latter 

species reaches its greatest height at tlio distal extremity, whereas in 

FI. gabbi it is highest betmeen the anterior quarter and third. The synt,ype 

palms are incomplete and represent small individuals. One of 

them (ANSP 527) bears a small spine-not present on t,he other 22 

palms examined by the writer-near the distal margin of the uper edge. 

A carapace (PPRI Xo. 17903) from the Xaresink heds at Atlantic 

EIighlantls, Xew Jersey, bears a strong resemblance to this species, but 

is too poorly preserved to permit specific identification, 

Distribution in Now Jersey.-RIerchantviIle formation : A. A. Reevc 

pits (type locality) and Graham Rrick Company pits, Maple Slladc. 

Formation unknown : Crosswicks. 

Oxtside distrib~~tion.-Dela1~-are: Rlerel~antrille formation. 

Suntypes.-AKSP 527 and WFIS 5941 W. 

Hoploparia gladiator Pilsbry 

Plate 80, Figures 7, 8; I'late 82,. Figures 1-8 

IIop!opavin glodiafor Pilsbry, 1901, p. 116, pl. 1, figs. 15, 16. 

Iloploparia glnrlinlor. Weller: 1907, 1). 848, I)!. 110, figs. 16: 17. 

Rolopario glndiator. 1'ilsbr.y~ 1916, pp. DO, Dl, 362, pl. 10, fig. 6. 

Hoplopavia ~lodirrtor. Rathbun, 1935, p. 24. 

Description.-Carapace about twice as long as high. Rostrum half 

the length of carapace; rostra1 groove wide, broadly U-shaped; lateral 

carinae smooth above, triangular in section. The t~vo rows of conical 

tubercles which continue the carinae hackwarti on the gastric field are 

parallel to the dorsal median line of tlie carapace. Supraorbital spine 

carinatcd and follo\red by a short row of tubercles. A longitudinal row 

of t,hree equally spaced conical tubercles on the antenna1 field. Cervical 

groove (o-el) broad and deep, ascending to or slightly above t,ht! incon- 


spicuous gastroorbital groove (d). Anterior and posterior arms of the 

hepatic groove (bl) shorter than the dist.inctly oblique inferior arm. 

Prominence omega (y) an acute triangle iritll apes pointing ~lprrarrl 

and slightly backward. 

Palms of the first pair of eheliperls allnost three times longer than 

their distal height; the one palm of the pair rectangular in lateral 

profile, the other suhcuneiform, otherwise the two are similar. Inner 

and outer surfaces equally and evenly eonvex, each nith a row of 4 

or 5 compressed elongated teeth along the median convexity ; a similar 

row of 4 teeth on the subacute upper edge. Lower edge transversely 

flat and narrow, bounded laterally by two parallel rows of minute, 

conical tubercles which point obliquely forward and downward. 

Fingers slender; the fixed finger pyriform in section near the insertion, 

a \vide hiatus separating the anterior and posterior teeth. On the subcuneiform 

hand, the proximal teeth of the fised finger are large, 

quadrate and contiguous. On the rectangular hand, they are small? 

circular and separated. Dactylus broadly elliptieal, the oecludent surface 

not set off from the lateral surfaces by grooves or angles. lferus 

elongt~ted, produced into a long spine at the outer distal margin. 

Tntegument polisl~e~l ; minutely punctate when examined uncler t,ht: 

IBIIS. 

Palms under 25 mln. in length have a granular surface, an areuate 

lower edge, and are proportionately higher and shorter than large 

palms. Bpparently they are major palms, but their morphological relat,ions 

mill he uncertain nntil the seconcl and third pair of el~elipeds 

of t,he species become known. 

Measurements: Icngtll of rostrum 19, length of carapace 40, height, 

of carapace 21 (WFIS 17085) ; length of palm ca. 40, anterior and 

posterior height 14.5, 11.2, thickness 9 (\\IFIS 17086) ; small palm 

length 19, anterior and posterior height 7 and 6, thickness 5 mln. 

(l\'FIS 17087). 

Re111arks.-The elongated palnis an11 fingers, the pron~ir~ent tnbercles 

on the antenna1 field, and the acute rostra1 carinae sharply separate 

this species from 11. gabbi, with which it occurs in the llerchnntville 

formation. 

130th of the syntypc palms are of the rectangular form. The pnrallrl 

rows of tubercles on their lower edges arc worn but can be seen \\'it11 ;L 

lens. 

Dktributioit in A'ew Jerse~.-IIerehantville: A. A. Reere pits (tylx 

locality) and Graham Brick Company pits, AIaple Shade. 

Oq~tside dktribz~tioi~..-Delalrarc: lferchantville formation. 

Syntypes.-\VFlS 10120. 



Hoploparia sp. 

Plate 82, Fignres 5, 6 

Description.-Palm short and thick, obovate in section, greatest 

height in the distal quarter. Upper surface broadly ron~~ded from side 

to side, oblique and moderately arched in profile; a rou; of three strong 

curved spines on its outer side, a single spine on the inner side between 

spines 1 and 2 of the outer row. Inner surface and the lorrer half of the 

outer surface ornamented with large flattened dome-shaped tubercles; 

on the upper half of the outer surface the tubercles are much smaller 

and farther apart. Lower edge narrowly rounded and without spines. 

Fixed finger triquetrous in section, basal height about two-fifths the 

distal height of the palm; occludent surface broadly arched transversely 

and bearing large contiguous teeth, which are wider than long, 

near the interdigital sinus. 

Measurements of figured specinien : length of palm 50: distal height 

40, thickness 27, basal height of fixed finger 16 mm. 

Remarks.-Although the age of this species is not certainly known 

it is here regarded as Late Cretaceous because of its similarity to II. 

georgeana Rathbun (1935, p. 25, pl. 9, figs. 9-12), from the Monmoutb 

beds in Maryland, differing from the latter in the absence of spines on 

the lower edge of the manus. The original Yale Peabody Museum 

label of the figured specimen reads: "Ii. Rancocas. Hornerstown, N. J. 

Old collection." The matrix is a light gray glauconitic clay which coulrl 

have come either from the Navesink or the Hornerstorvn formation. A 

second large palm (YPM No. 442, old coll.), from Hornerstown, in 

matrix similar to the preceding, belongs to this species. 

Distribution in New Jersey.-Formation unknown: Ilornerstown, 

and Cream Ridge Marl Company's ditch (type locality); Ilornerstown. 

Pigwed specimen.-YPM 17905. 

Genus Oncopareia Rosquet, 1854 

Oncopareia sp. 


Description.-Dactylus smooth, slightly arcuate, shallowly concave 

behind the last (proximal) oceludent tooth; elongate-ovate in section 

anterior to the concavity and about twice as high as the thickness; 

triangular in section behind the concavity, where it flairs vertically and 

horizontally, and has the lower half of t.he lateral surfaces excavated 

before the proximal margin. A row of punctures on each side of the 

sharp subcarinate upper edge, the punctures on the inner side nearer 

to the crest, closer together, and extending farther postad than those 

on the outer side. The longitudinal median row of punctures on the 

inner surface of the dactylns does not reach the concavity behind the 


CRUSTACEA 169 

proximal occludent tooth. Occludent teeth slightly elongated, irregularly 

spaced, and connected by a raised nmdian line. Three to four 

small teeth arc intercalated between teeth that are conspicuously 

stouter. 

Measuremcnts of figured specimens: length 16.4 mm., height at 

proximal tooth 1.9 mm., thickness at proximal tooth 1.1 mm., 23 teeth 

in 11 mm. (WFIS 17093) ; length 12.4 ram., height 1.9 mm., thickness 

0.9 mm., 17 teeth in 8.5 mm. (WFIS 17094). 

Remarks.--The smooth concave area behind the proximal occludent 

tooth serves to distinguish the dactylus of this species from that of O. 

coesfeldiensls (Schluter, 1862, p. 728, pl. 13, figs. 3, 6 ; Senonian ; northwestern 

Germany). 

A specimen from the Matawan beds at the C. and D. Canal, in Delaware, 

identified as a fish spine by Berry (1916, p. 904, pl. 8, fig. 10) is in 

fact an Oncopareia--pcrhaps the fixed finger of the present species. 

Distribution in New Jersey.--Merchantville formation: Graham 


Figured specimens. WFIS 17093, 17094. 

Tribe THALASSINIDEA Dana 

Family Callianassidae Spencc Bate 

Genus Protocallianassa Beurlen, 1930 

Protocalllanassa mortoni (Pilsbry) 

Plate 81, Figure 8; Plate 83, Figures 1-6 

Callia_assa morton i Pilsbry, 1901, p. 112, pl. 1, figs. 1-7. 

Callianassa conradi Pilsbry, 1901, p. 114, pl. 1, figs. 8-10. 

Callianassa mortoni, Weller, 1907, p. 849, ph 111, figs. 1-15. 

Ccdlianassa conradi, Weller, 1907, p. 851, pl. 110, figs. 18-22. 

Callianassa mortoni, Pilsbry, 1916, p. 363, pl. 11, figs. 1-3. 

Callianassa mortonl, var. marylandica PiIsbry, 1916, p. 366, pl. 11, 

figs. 9, 10. 

Callianassa conradi, Pilsbry, 1916, p. 366, ph 10, fig. 5. 

Calllanassa eonradi var. punctimanus Pilsbry, 1916, p. 368, pl. ]1, 

figs. 4, 5. 

Callianassa clarki Pilsbry, 1916, p. 368, ph 11, figs. 6-8. 

Callianassa mortoni, Rathbun, 1926, p. 188, pl. 67, figs. 1, 2, 4-9 ; 1935, 

p. 29. 

Callianassa mortoni var. punctimanns (Pilsbry) Rathbun, 1935, p. 30. 

Protocallianassa morfoni (Pilsbry), Mertin, 1941, pp. 208, 209. 

Description.--SIajor palm of the first pair of chelipeds smooth, rectangular, 

lower proximal angle narrowly rounded, upper and lower 



edges acute, closely and minutely crenulated and 1)ordered on either 

side by a row of sockets. TJpper edge very oblique, trending inward 

from front to back almost cristate and strongly deflexed at the prosima1 

angle. Outer surface more convex than the inner, abruptly depn:ssed 

before the oblique posterior margin and with a papillose prominence 

high on the p;llm near the (lepression. Below tlie prominence a 

curved row of four papillae desc~nds to the root of the fixed finger; 

above the prominencc a horizontal row of 3-rarely 4 or 5-papillae 

extend forward to the distal margin of the palm. Tvo papillae situated 

near the median line mark off the inner surface longitudinally into 

thircls. 

Fixed finger eurre(1 inward, its latt:ral angles and the acute crennlated 

lower edge bordered by sockets. On the occln(lent surface of the 

fixed finger there is a low dentelatetl carina. xrhich bears a blunt median 

tooth. Dactylus suddenly at,tcnuate(l at t,he tip? v.hiel~ isbent downward 

at the right angle to tlie occlndent margin; on the occludent surface 

behind the tip there is a prominent notch followed successively by a 

rlentelatcd ridge: :I hiatus, and a lolv prosimal tooth. The tips of the 

fingers cross 1vI1en closed, tliat of the fixed finger outermost and engaging 

t,l~e notch behind the tip of the d;~etylus. 

Wrist more than three-quarters the length of the palm; upper and 

lo~ver edges acute and crenulatcd; a forward point,ing spine just below 

the upper distal angle. On the onter surface near the lower distal 

corner there is a short ohlique groove mith beaded margins. Merns 

slightly shorter than the ~rrist: lower margin straight posteriorly, upper 

margin convex. Outer surface transrersc:ly angulated, coarsely papillated 

along the angulation and provided with a large tubercle behind 

the distal articular nocle. Lower edge of merns acute and serrate. 

Tschiun~ about three times longer than its distal height; npper and 

lo~ver margins slightly eonrergent prosimally, thc upper margin ~'itli 

a serrate distal lobe; outer surface morlerately convex in a vertical direction 

and mith a longitudinal sulcus below the median line. 

Xinor palm of first pair of chelipeds squarish; posterior margin 

oblique in lateral profile, tlic lower corner rounded; upper and lower 

edges acute, crennlate and erect throughout their entire length. Outer 

surface slightly more conves than the inner, shallowly depressed longitudinally 

along the upper quarter, t,11e depression marlced with 4 to 6 

rather exnl:: spaced papillae. From the prosimal papilla of this row 

a enrred row of 3 to G papillae descend to the root of the finger. Two 

papillae near the median line of the inner surface divide the palm into 

thirds longitudinally. Fixed finger sliglitly shorter than palm, slender. 

the lateral edges beaded and soclceterl ; outer edge intersected anterior 

to the half-length by a sharp obliqne carina which occupies the proximal 

portion of the occludent surface. Upper surface of (laetylus papillated. 

The papillated strip narrowing distally to a single row of papillae. 

Outer surfaee of dactylus ~vith t~vo sulrparallel groorcs tbat are 

separated posteriorly by a donl~le row of papillae. The lo\rer groore 


ears a line of prominent sockets. Lateral margins of the otherwise 

smooth occludent surface beaded. JVrist shorter and higher than the 

major wrist. 

Neasurements: length of propodus 25.1 mm., length of palm 19 

mm., hcight of palm 12.3 mm., thickness 6.4 mm. (ANSP 19669, figured 

syntype) ;length of propo~los 22.7 mm., length of palm l5.G mm. height 

of palm 13.4 mm. thickness 6.2 mm. (YPM 126) ; length of palm 20 

mm., length of wrist 17.5 mm. length of arm 13 mm. (WFIS 10095). 

Remarks.-ProtocalLianassa mortoni is the commonest Upper Cretaceous 

decapod in Xeu~ Jersey. The palms vary considerably in snrface 

texture, number and arrangement of tlie papillae and sockets and 

in the ratio of the length to the height. Dccort,icated specimens may 

look quite different from those retaining either the inner or the outer 

layer of the integument. 

In spite of these differences, two races of the species can be dist,inguished 

: race a-height to length ratio varies from 1 :1.32 to 1 :1.62 

for major palms, and from 1 :1.1 to 1 :1.28 for minor palms; race b- 

rat,io for major palms is 1 :1.19 to 1 :1.25, and 1 :1.35 to 1 :1.48 for minor 

palms. Race a is the commoncr of the two, at least in New Jersey where 

it is particularly ahundant in the JIerchantrille formation. The syntype 

hands described by Pilsbry (1001, pl. 1, figs. 1-4, 8-10) belong to 

race a. Sixteen of tlie 442 New Jersey and Dclalvare specimens studied 

by tlie writer are race b indivirluals, as are the following: 

1) broad palms from A'e~r. Jersey, Delaware and Maryland cited 

by Pilsbry (1916, p. 365) ; 

2) bolotype of Cnlliai~assa. clnrki Pilsbry (1916, p. 368, p1. 11, 

fig. 8) ; 

3) specimens figured by Rathbun (192fi> p1. 67, figs. 1, 4-9) from 

Coon Creek beds in Tennessee. 

Both races range from Aferchantville age to Tinton age. Although race 

b hands are rare in Xelv Jersey and Delaware, to the south in Tenncs- 

see and Tvfississippi they appear to be the predominant form. 

Rathbun's (1935, p. 30) record of this species in the Woodbury 

clay at Lorillard is based 011 an indeterminable impression of a small 

hand (NJ St. 11 No. 9511). 

The figured type of Callin~lassa eonrndi Pilsbry is in the collection 

of the Wagner Free Institute of Science (No. 5478W), not in the New 

Jersey State Mnsenm as reported by Rathhun, 1935, p. 30. 

Distribution in ATew .Jersey.-3rerchantviIle formation: Bordentown 

(12a), Lenola (l5), lfaple Shade (16). lT1enonah formation: 

Cramford's Corner (34), Marlboro (35). Aft. Lanrel/Navesink formation: 

Atlantic Highlands (37) ; Bruere's Pit, S. of TValnford; Cream 

Ridge (45) ; Afiddletown (Crcdner, 1870, p. 242) ; Afnllica Hill (53) ; 

near New Egypt (48). Tinton formation: Beers Hill (62), Tinton 

Falls (63). 


li2 CRETACEOUS FOSSILS 

Formation unknown : Crossmicks; Hornerstown, Timber Creek. 

Outside distribution.-Delaware, ?/Iaryland, Tennessee. Kansas, 

Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Texas. Matawan and 

Monmouth group equivalents. 

Syntypes.-ANSP No. 19669, WFIS Nos. 4059 \V, 5478 llT. 

Protocallianassa praecepta Roberts n. sp. 

Plate 80, Figures 9,10; Plate 83, Figures 7-15 

Cdlianassa sp. indet. Pilsbry, 1916, p. 369, pl. 10, fig. 7. 

Description.-Major palm polishecl, length about one and two-fifths 

times the height, lateral profile of posterior margin straight and erect. 

Onter surface more convex than thc inner and rather suddenly depressed 

along a posteriorly concave line situated immediately in front 

of the carpopropodal joint. A short narrow carina arises abrupt,ly bchind 

and below the interdigital sinus and extends to the upper onter 

margin of the fixed finger; arising just below the first ciirina, a seeon11 

carina curves downward and forward, becoming contin~ious vith the 

outer angle of the finger. Upper surface of palm straight, widening 

distally, the crest medial and bent slightly inward. Except at the distal 

corner, where it is sharp, the upper edge is acute hut 1)luntly roi~n[lerl 

along the crest. Lower edge straight, tlie crcct raised line along its 

crest crenulated. On the outer side of the palm, close to t,lie lower niargin, 

thcre is a row of widely spaced sockets; on the inner side, below 

the upper edge, there is a longitudinal sulcus hearing 8 to 12 sockets. 

Fixed finger a little less than half as long ns the palm, tlie carina on the 

occludent surface interrupted at tl~e middle by a sharp deflection. 

Minor palm about 1 4/5 times longer than high, suhcuneiform, 

smooth, outer surface depressed near thc joint as in the major palm. 

Fixed finger very slender, occludent surface ~x~ithoiit a to0t.h or a carina: 

shorter than the heavier dactylus. TJpper edge of palm stmight. thl: 

raised crestal line trending toward the inner side from back to front 

and not reaching the distal corner. A row of 9 to 12 sockets lie close tn 

the crest on the inner side. Lower edge sharp, a row of sockets on either 

side of and very close to tlie raised and crcnnlated crestal line. This 

raised line dies out on the lower surface of thc fixed finger where it is 

replaced by a row of 3 to 5 sockets. 

Measurements: length of holot,ype propodus 12.1 mm.. length of 

manus 8.4 mm., height 6.1 mm., thickness 2.8 mm. (WFIS 17099) ; 

length of manus 10.6, height 6.2, t,l~ickness 3.1 mm. (ANSP 20033, 

minor manus). 

Remarks.-The type series consists of 12 major hands including 

the holotype right proporlus, and 19 minor hands including Pilshry's 

specimen of Gnllianassa sp. indet. (Pilsbry, 1916, p. 369, pl. 10> fig. 7): 

which unquestionably helongs to this species. The holot,ypc: is less than 


CRUSTACEA 1 i 3 

average size but it is the most complete and best preserved major hand 

available at present. 

It is not likely that this species will he confused with Pr. morfoni: 

the posterior margin of both the major and minor palm of Pr. prnecepfr! 

is straight and almost vertical. In Pr. ?~~ortonr this margin is oblique 

and strongly lobed. 

Distrh~tion in A'ow Jersey.-AIerehantriIle formation: Gralra~n 

Brick Company pits (type locality), Maple Shade. 

Outside (1istrtbution.-Dela~vare: Jferchantville formation. 

IIo1ot~jpc.-\ITFIS 17099. 

Protocallianassa cliffwoodensis lioberts n. sp. 

Plate 84, Figurcs 1-6 

Description.-Front arostrate, triangular, diverging about 85', 

apex more narrowly rounded than the lateral angles; frontal rim lowconves 

near the margin, concave whcre it borders the dorsal plate. 

Dorsal plate oborate, moderatel arclied from side to side; anterior 

margin roundetl, nlucronate medially, the Intieron fused with the 

frontal rim. 

Major manus quadrate; 1111per margin moderately convex, narrowly 

rounded at the posterior angle; posterior margin arcuate and 

without a lobe at the hinge. Fixeil finger stmight, elongate-triangular, 

about half as long as the manus. The outer (?) surface of the fixed 

finger bears a row of 9 to 12 li~rge sockets. The oceludent surface is 

armed with a high, sharp earina. A broad sulcus mhich narrows distally 

extends from the base of the fixed finger almost to the tip. Daetylus 

longer than the fixed finger, medially costate on the outer (?) side, and 

having a row of sockets betwcn the costa and the lomer margin. Carpopropodal 

articulation oblique, the loxver extremity advanced beyond 

the upper. Carpus about twice as high as long, its lower distal angle 

acute. Outer (?) surface of ~nerlls vertically angulated and with a 

longitudinal median sulcl~s above the greatest convexity. The iscl~ium 

bears a deep longitudinal snbmedian groove. 

The minor cheliped differs from the major as follo~\.s. The fixed 

finger is bent do~~~nw;~rd and is slightly longer than the manus, inferior 

margin of manus is strongly convex, carpus only slightly sliorter than 

high and lower distal angle approximately a right angle. 

Pleural flaps of the four ,posterior abdominal somites large, oblongelliptical, 

and separated from terga proximally by oblique incisions. 

Outer uropods costate. 

lfeasurement in mm-length of rlorsal plate (incomplete) 15, 

width 10; length of major manus 15, height 17; length of major 

carpus 7.5, height 15; length of major merus 10 (holotype, PU 78452). 

Length of major propodus 44; length and height of manus each 28; 

length of carpus 11, height 25 (PU 78453). Length of minor propoclus 


174 CRETACEOIJS FOSSILS 

37 ; length of manus 16, height 18; length of carpus 10, height 12 (PU 

78454). 

Ren&arlzs.-Differs from Pr. aqz~ilae (Rathbun, 1935, p. 31, pl. 7, 

figs. 1-5) from the Eagle Ford formation in Texas, in having the major 

palm shorter and without teeth along the upper edge and in the much 

longer and slenderer fingers of the minor hand. The upper and lover 

margins of the major and minor hands of Pr. praecopta are almost 

straight whereas in the present species they are arched. Also, the fixed 

finger of the minor hand of Pr. prueeepta is directed forward. In Pr. 

cliffwoodensis, it bends downward and tapers rapidly. 

Distribution in Now Jersey.-Magothy formation: Cliffwood. 

Halotype.-PU 78452. 

Tribe PtlGURIDEA Iienderson 

PIIGURIDEA fam. indet. 

Genus Palaeopagztrtis ran Straelen, 1925 

Palaeopagurus pilsbryi Roberts n. sp. 


Desoiption.-Palm subrectangular, somewhat s~vollen, proximal 

corncrs abruptly angled, posterior margin broadly lobed at the hinge. 

Outer surface is evenly convex lengthwise, vertically angnlate at the 

lower third and less convex above than below the rounded angulation. 

On the inner face an oblique longitudinal convesity rises at the dactylar 

hinge node and extends postad to a smooth lunate groove before the 

proximal margin. The palm is faceted below this ccmvesity, concave 

above it. Upper edge acute, almost straight, its crest bluntly rounded 

and closely granulated, the granules becoming larger on the proximal 

tmo-thirds where they form a single irregular row. Lower edge sigmoidal, 

subearinate; the crest deflected inward distally and not visible 

on the fixed finger from below. Upper margin of fised finger allnost 

straight on the outer side, eoncavcly arcuate on the inner; tip blunt, 

curved inward and upward. Dactylus triangular in section near the 

articulation, becoming clliptical at the tip ; outer surface broa

Rcn~arks.-The type series consists of 6 left major propodi, one of 

which has the daetylus in place and complctc, and a pair of fingers from 

a left major chela. An elongated right hand having a steeply inclined 

anterior margin (ANSI' No. 19731) from the hferchantville formation 

at Summit Bridge, Delaware, may be the minor hand of this species, 

but it is too distorted to permit an accurate diagnosis. 

Related to P. erelacens Mertin (1941, p. 209, pl. 5, figs. 13, 14, textfigs. 

v, w), a smaller species with a relatively longer hand, from the 

Upper Emseherian and Lower Senonian of northwestern Germany. 

Palaoopayz~rus banderensis (Rathbnn, 1935, p. 39, pl. 9, figs. 7,8. Glen 

Rose formation, Lower Cretaceous, Texas) has a lateral profile rescmbling 

that of nnr species, but has the cutting edge of the fixed finger 

strongly arched. 

This species is named for Dr. IIcnry A. Pilsbry in recognition of his 

pioneer work in the study of New Jerscy fossil deeapods. 

Distribution 171. New Jersey.-IIercliantville formation: Graham 

Brick Company pits (type localit?,), Naple Shade. 

Ol~tside distribtitio1b.-Dela~\.~re: Xlercllantville formation. 

1lolotype.-WFIS 17095. 

Tribe SCYIJLARIDEA Stebbing 

lhmily Polinnridae White 

Genus Arelraeocarabr~s II'Coy, 1849 

Archaeocarabus ? whitfieldi (Pilshry) 


Cancer? wl~itfieldi Pilsbry, 1901, p. 118, pl. 1: fig. 18. 

Arekaeocarabus? tuhitfieldi (Pilsbry). Rathb~m, 1935, p. 38, pl. 10, 

figs. 11, 12. 

Descriptio?~.-"~Ipparently the right palm of a large specimen, but 

crnshed and narro~verl laterally. It is thickest in the upper part, and 

the upper surface is well defined; t,his is furnished with three longitudinal 

rows of stout conical spines, one on each margin and one 

through the middle; the onter row consists of six spines, the t15.o distal 

small, the row curving do\~.nmard at middle, the spines outstanding ; the 

inner row also curred domn\vard consists of six larger spines, the proximal 

one the largest, all outstanding; five, or perhaps six, erect spines in 

the shorter median row. On the flat onter surface a row of four rather 

small spines a little abovc the middle and subparallel to the marginal 

row. At the proximal end near the top two small spines. On the lower 

distal quarter two isolated spines. Lolr.er surface about half as wide as 

upper, rounding from one sirle to the other and showing, t,liough muell 

broken, traces of txvo roxs of spines; t\vo spines remain of the outer row 

and two of the inner. Afneh of the inner snrfaee is lacking; there is a 


li6 CRETACEOUS FOSSITJS 

triangle of three small spines at the upper proximal end, and a single 

spine near the lower distal corner. General surface smooth or nearly so. 

"The fingers are absent, hut their position is shorn in figure 12. The 

propodal finger is short and project!; directly distad. The dactylus is 

attached below the top of the manus and folds transversely against the 

distal end of it.'' (Rathbun) 

Measurement of holotype: length 36.4, greatest height excluding 

spines 15.9 mm. 

Remarks.-The present species, 8? zuhitfieldi (Pilsbry) and two 

other spiny-handed species, A? gard?rcrao Rathhun (1935, p. 75, pl. 16, 

figs. 19-21) and A? vanuaensis Rathbun (1945, p. 373, pl. 54, figs. A, B) 

have been assigned to M'Coy's genus Arclraeocarabzis by Rathbun. In- 

asmuch as the type species of this genus, A. bozoerbanki hZ'Coy (1849, p. 

174, text fig., Eocene, England) bas smooth elongated chelae, the eol- 

reetness of placing these spiny-handed species in Archaeocarnbzrs is 

extremely doubtful. 

AP whitfieldi differs from other spiny-handed pnlinurids in having 

three longitudinal rows of strong spines on the upper surface of the 

manus. It is known only from two palms labelled "Burlington Co., 

N. J." in the collection of the Philadelphia Academy. Wellcr's (1907, 

p. 55) record of the presence of A? whitficldi in the hIerehantville 

formation at Maple Shade needs confirmation. If his specimens (or 

specimen) are in fact extant, they have neither. been figured or de- 

scribed, nor can they he found. 

Distribution in. New Jersey.-Formation unlrnown : 

"Burlington Co." 

1lolotype.-AXSP 4693. 

Genus finuparus White, 1847 

Subgenus Podocratus Geiuitz, 1850 

tinupaws (Podocraturl richardsi Roberts n. sy 


Description.-Rostrum strongly advanced, about three-quarters as 

long as the basal width, terminal notch shallow. Rostra1 horns parallel. 

triangular in cross-section, the inner surface concave vertically, upper 

edge rounded and unarmed. Frontal margin exterior to the rostrum 

concave, with a carinate rim. The chord subtending th15 extremities of 

the frontal margin forms a right angle irzjth the longiturlinal axis of the 

body. Distal angle of antenna1 keel a blunt spine \vhich reaches forward 

to the level of the insertion of the rostra1 horns. Teeth of gastroorbital 

ridges compressed, triangular with long posterior slopes, each 

of the first four teeth progressively larger and more widely spaced 

from front to back, the fifth tooth mnch smaller than the others and 

placed close to the ~ervieal groove. The first tooth is twice as far fro111 


he rostral horn as from the second tooth. Cephalic arch armed wit11 

eight pnnctulate, inflated-conical spines arranged as follows: one behind 

each rostral horn, a median spine between the bases of the rostral 

horns, and five spines forming a slender triangle pointing distad. The 

apex of this triangle is situated on the midline at the anterior third of 

the eephalon, tlic base is just before the cervical groove. Opposite the 

apical spine of the triangle and a little more than halfway between it 

and the lateral edge of the carapace, an arcuate row of granules arises 

and extends backward almost to tl~e posterolateral corner of the ccplin- 

Ion. Cervical groove transverse medially, lateral arms oblique and almost 

straight. Median keel of thorax more elevated than the lateral 

keels, the latter bearing 12 to 14 spines of \vl~icl~ the distal one is the 

largest. An oblique arcuate keel mliich bears a single row of transverse, 

adpressed spinnles is situated on the vertical \\,all of the tl~orax 

~lircctly behind the cervical groove. The anterior extrcrnity of this keel 

is in line with the antenn;~l keel. Ground surfaces of car;ip;lce minutely 

punetate as seen under a lens; distant, conical-to acorn-sliaped granules 

(lot the thorax and tllerc are a few seatterecl granales on the cepl~alon 

near the cervical groove. 

Afcasurements of l~olotype: length of carapace not inclulling t.he 

, rostrum 52; length of rostrum (tip missing) 7; length of eeplialon 24, 

aidth, 25.7; width of thorax 31 mm. 

I 

Remarks.-Closely related to L. (P.) watkinsi Stenzel (1945, p. 408, 

pl. 34, figs. 5.8; pl. 45, figs. 1, 2; text fig. 4. Brinton formation, Eagle 

Ford group, Texas) hut differs from the latter in having a much shallower 

terminal rostral notell, unarmed rostral horns, and one (instead 

of two) spines behind each rostral horn. 

As the posterior portion of tl~e ecpl~alon of Lin~cpun~s (Eoli?z~iporz~s) 

kleinfelderi ilathbun (1931, p. 161, Rferchantville formation; 

Staten Island, New York) is without spines, it is not likely to be eonfused 

with our spccies, altl~ough both species occur in the Jlerchant- 

\rille formation. 

This is the second specics of Li?zt~par~cs that has been found in the 

northeastern United States. It is named for Dr. Horace G. Richards. 

Distribution i?i ~Vezu Jersey.-hferchantville formation: Graham 

Briek Company pits (type locality), Maple Shade. 

Ho1olype.-ANSP 19739. 

Tribe BRACHYURIDEA Glaessner 

Family Dynornenidae Ortmann 

Genus Xantliosia Bell, 1863 

Xanthosia elegans Roberts n. sp. 


Description.-Carapace nearly twice as wide as long; grannlation 


liY CRETACEOUS FOSSILS 

of the dorsal surface coarser on the protogastric field and hranchial 

ridges than elsemhere ; ventral surface minutely punctate ; proximal 

half of posterolateral margin concave. Frontoorbital distance about 

one-half the carapacal width. Front lolv-triangular, moderately deflexed, 

its dorsal sulcus broadly 1'-shaped and continued postad hetween 

the submedian pair of epigastric tubercles to the base of the 

mesogastric process. Orbit about half the width of the front, subcircular 

and oblique; superior margin curved upward to form a concave 

rim which bears a stout triangular tooth near the inner angle and a 

closed fissure near the outer; inferior margin hifissured. ilnterolateral 

margin thin, crenulate; teeth triangular with rounded apices; the first 

(outer orbital) tooth hollowed dorsally, the others bisected by a dorsal 

ridge. The proximal tooth is situated posterior to the aiclest part of the 

carapace. Afesogastric process long and slender, reaching forward to a 

point slightly beyond the level of the inner orbital angles and clearly 

separated from the distal half of each protogastric lobe by a broad 

sulcus. Proximal half of each protogastric lobe swollen parallel to the 

cervical groove. Cardiac field oval and domed. Urogastric and metagastric 

fields separated by an impressed line which hears a submedian 

pair of deep punctures. Branchial groove broad? deep and transverse, 

intersecting the lateral margin of the carapace at a point opposite to 

the urogastric pnneturcs and bordered ahore ant1 below by broad ridges. 

Inner angle of the brancl~ial field cleratcd into a lo\\. hoss from \vhich 

two subparallel ridges extend obliquely postad to the lateral margin of 

the carapace. The inner ridge intersects the lateral margin at the middle. 

The outcr ridge is situated half~\*ay bet\i.ecn the middle of thc 

lateral margin and the proximal lateral tooth. Snbhcpatic suturc a11r1 

edge of mouthfield each marked by a raised line. Subhepatic surface 

orn;rmcntcd with two elongated tubercles \vhich lic side by side and subparallel 

to the subhepatic suture. 

Measurement of bolotype: length 10.4, \vidth 19.4: depth 4.4, frontoorbital 

distance 9 mm. 

Remarks.-Resembles X, gibbosa Bell (1863, p. 3, pl. 1! figs. 4-6) 

a species with larger orbits and less strongly developccl grooves anrl 

ridges, from the Upper Greensand (Cenomanian) of 13ngland. 

Although none of t,he three specimens examined has the edge of the 

anterolateral margin intact, the portion of this margin lying bet wee^^ 

the outcr orbital tooth and the proximal tooth appears to hare been 

trilobed. 

The description of the frontal region is based on A MP 20028, fro111 

Afaple Shade, A'cw Jersey. 

Distribq~tion. in New Jersey.-A1er1:hantviIle forn~ation: Xaple 

Shade. 

Oz~laide distrib!~tio?z.-Delaware: Disposal area north of C. and D. 


Canal about % mile east of Su~rrmit Bridge (type locality) ; hlerehant- 

ville formation. 

Ho1otype.-WFIS 17108. 

Family 'Z'helziopairluc Rathbnn 

Genus Ilo~~tolopsis 

Bell, 1863 

Homolopsis atlantica Roberts n. sp. 


Description.-Carapace strongly areolated; median portion of gastric 

field separated from tlre protogastric lobes by distinct grooves; 

metagastrie region transversely Ierchantville format,ion: hlaple 

I1olotype.-WFIS 20029. 



Homolopsis dispar Roberts n. sp. 


Description.-Carapace broadly triangular before the epibranehial 

angle, quadrate behind it. Rostrum sloped stceply dornn\varrl: lateral 

profile straight, dorsal surface hollowed transversely, tip horizontal and 

bifid. The stout tubular terminal horns of the tip diverge about 65". The 

posterior extremity of the cleft between the horns is roundly concave 

and as wide as the mesogastric process. Hepatic facet steeply inclined, 

separated from the epihranchial lobe by a shallom vertieal sulcus. The 

lower distal angle of the hepatic facet is armed with a stont tuberele 

h:~ving a smaller tubercle behind it. Orbits very obli~lne, their superior 

margins each armed with a st,rong spine at the inner angle and a small 

t,ul)ercle at the onter angle hehinrl the margin. Each protogastric lobe 

bears two large areolar tubercles which point laterally to the epibranchial 

angle; bctwcen these t,tlbercles there is a shallolv groove !x.ith a 

small tubercle at eael~ end. Afesogastric process una1.med ; met,agastric 

region snhtriangular, slightly wider than long and armed wit11 a large 

tubercle at the middle. The groove separating the melagastric from the 

nrogastric region is bordered by two :mbmedian pairs of short ridges, 

one along its anterior, the ot,her along its posterior margin. Tl~e inner 

extremities of each of these fonr ridges terminate on a small tubercle, 

the fonr tubcreles being arranged in a rectangle that is slightly wider 

than long. Cardiac boss lorn, trapeziform, fused laterally at its widest 

part with the metabranehial ridges. Anterior to the mesobranchial 

ridge, lying along the outer half of the latter, there is a short transrerse 

ridge which bears a row of fonr granules; these tvo ridges converge laterally 

and t,erminate at the inner posterior angle of the epihranehial 

lobe. Dorsal srlrface of epihranchial lohe drawn npward into a large 

conical boss which is directly opposite the mftagastric tubercle; anterior 

surface of the lobe steeply inelinetl ; lateral surface rert,ical. Lateral 

margin of branchial region notched by the two branchial grooves 

which continue downwartl and slightly forward on the vertical hranchial 

wall. Between the notches there is a large marginal tt~herclc anrl 

behind the proximal noteh are at least txo tubercles (the posterior estremity 

of the lateral margin is missing). Ground surface of carapace 

smooth; sumlnits of ridges smooth or with an occasional small granule. 

Measurement of holotype: length of carapace as broken 21 ; width 

21 mm. 

Remarks.-I have placed this species in the genus Hon~olopsis eve^^ 

though the rostrnm is hifid. It is distingnishable from the preceding 

species, 11. atlantica Roberts (sapm, p. li!)), of which the rostrnm is 

unknown, by the triangular shape of the metagastric region and t.hf! 

smooth, narrow branchial riclgcs. The tip of t,he rostrusu and t,l~e left, 

rostra1 horn were freed from the matrix aftcr the plate figure had been 

prepared. 


CRUSTACEA 181 

Distribution in h'ew Jersey.-IIerehantville : IIaplc Shade. 

Ifo1otype.-ANSP 20030. 

Family Culappidae Dana 

Genus Xecrocnrcinus Bell, 1863 

Necrocarcinus rathbunoe Roberts n. sp. 

Plate 85, Figure 12; Plt~te 87; Figures 1, 2 

Ueseriptioi~.-Carapace subhexagonal, ~notlerately arched from 

front to bacli and from side to side; anterolateral margins each set with 

six 1)lunt collieal tubercles (incluiling the outer orbital tooth) of whieh 

t,he (listanccs betlvecn t,he first (outer orl~ital) and second, and between 

the fifth and sistt~: are equal and t,wice as great as the (listances between 

each of the four mi~ldle tubercles; posterolateral margins straight, convergent 

postccl, each with a blunt conical tuberclc behind the epibranchit11 

angle. Orl~its (lirected upward and oot.\vard, their prominent rims 

confluent with the concave lateral rims uf the rostr~~rn. Dorsally the 

rostrum is shallo~r~ly channeled and has a low median carina that does 

not quite reach the expan(1ed tip. The rolv of seven tubercles crossing 

the distal quarter of the etlmpace is convex anteriorly. The row includes 

il very small median tubercle on t,hc inesognstric field; two tubercles on 

eaell protogastric lohe-the exterior tuberclc small and with a small 

tubercle halfway het~reel~ it anrl the orbit? and a small tubercle in the 

middle of each hepatie lobe. T11c inner protogastrie tullercle is closer to 

the outer than to the mesogastric tub era!^. I%ur meclian tubercles are 

arranged in a longitu(1iltal row hellind the inesngastrie tubercles: one is 

metagastric, one is urogast,ric, and two are cardiac. The first three 

tubercles are about eql~ally spaced, the fourtll is muell smaller than the 

others and placed very olose to the third. The anterior cardiac and the 

urogastrie tubercles an: li~rger than the other carapacal tubercles. There 

is a longitudinal row of two tubercles on the middle of each branchial 

field, the anterior tubercle of the row being opposite tile median portion 

of the cervical groove. ,4 conical tubercle, \vhich is small but distinct, 

stands on each epibranchial lobe close to the lateral margin of the carnpace. 

Ilorsal surface of carapace covered with small gmnules uvllieh 

are crowded on the summits of the areolar tubercles, one to two times 

their diameter apart elseu~here. 

Aleasurcment of holotype: length of carapace (posterior nlargin 

I~rolcen) 15, greatest width 15.6, frontoorbital width 6.6 mm. 

Ren1arkn.-The tubercles of this species arc much more strongly 

developed than those of N. pierre?~sis (Rat,l~bnn 1917, p. 389, pl. 33, 

figs. 4, 5; Mobridge member, Pierre shale, South Dalzotil) and the row 

of tubercles whieh crosses the distal portion of the earapace is convex 

forward. In A'. pierrensis this row is concave for~x.ard. 

Two s'peeimens (XJSIf 9517) of this species from I~orillard, Xem 


182 CRETACEOTJS FOSSILS 

Jersey, erroneonsly identified with A''. pierrensis by Rathbuln (1935, 

1). 45, pl. 12: fig. 5) clearly sho~v that the row of gastric tnbercles is conrcs 

for\varrl and that the uro- and metagastrie tnbereles are mach more 

st,rongly dercloped than in N. pierrensis. 

Dktribzitiolr ill. Xetu J~rse!/.-\\~oodbury fornlation: Lorillard. 

Oatsitle distriDation.-Delaware: Alercliantville formation. Spoil 

bank north of C. and D. Canal ;uhout onc-quarter mile east of Snnlmit 

13ridge, Dela~x.~ire (typc locality). 

1lolotype.-TVFIS 17078. 

Genus Paro?t@oocarcinris van Straelen, 1936 

Paranecrocarcinus ganima Roberts n. sp. 


Descriptio~~.-Carapace subl~esagonal ; deep in a vertical direction ; 

plane of dorsal surface flattish. Frontoorbital distance about one-half 

tlle carapacal 1~idt11. Orbits almost transverse, slanted upward, ocular 

rim broad, convex, curving upward and outward from the orbit. Anterolateral 

margin deeply concave in lateral profile, provided with four 

teeth behind the outer orhital angle. Epibrancl~ial tooth conical and 

hlunt, directed obliquely upward and forward and situated twice as far 

from the fourth anterolateral tooth as t.hc latter is separated from the 

t,hird :~nterolateral tooth. Second, third and fourth anterolateral tcetl~ 

spacer1 equally. Anterior half of postcrolateral margin armed with 

three teet,h, the first tootli larger than the second and tl~ird and situated 

midway between the epibranehial tooth and the second tooth. Halfway 

hetween the shallow uro-metagastrie furrow and the orbit there 

is a transverse line of four conical tubercles. There are two of t,hes~: 

l.uhercles on each protogastric boss and the inner pair of tubercles is 

much larger than t,l~e outer pair. Urogastric field depressed and armed 

with a small median tubercle. Cardiac field subhexagonal, elevatcrl: 

limitetl laterally by deep, natro\tr branchioenrdiac grooves, ant1 with ;I 

transverse, submedian pair of conical tubercles at the middle. 111tcstinal 

fielil short, depressed, a small transverse tubercle at each 110sterior 

angle. Hepatic field concavel unarmed, sloped doxvnmard tolvarrl 

thc margin of the carapace. B boss surmounted by a longitndinall? 

elongated tubercle occupies the inner angle of the epibrancliial region. 

This elongated tuhercle points to a small epibranchial t,uberclc mhicl~ 

lies just behind the outer extremity of the cer~~ieal groove. Dorsal surface 

of carapace finely and rather evenly granulate, hut !vith a few 

large scattered granules on the brancl~ial fielil. 

Bfeasnrcment of holotype: length of earapace measured from base 

of rost,rnnl 12.3, greatest midth 14.5, frontoorl~ital width, 7.3 mm. 

Ren~arks.-This species resembles P. Irezagonl~.lis van Straelrll 

(IS%, p. 36, pl. 4, figs. G, 7): the type sl1rcies of thc genils, from the 


CKUSTACEA 

Neocomian of I+anee, in general form and number of areolar tubercles. 

In P. ga)ltr!ta the urogastric tubercle is red~~eccl :IIII~ lies on a line tlra\vt~ 

bet,ween the inner pair of branchial tobercles. In P. liezagonalis the 

urogastric tubercle is large and lies bel~ind the level of the inner 

branchial tubercles. 

Distrbb~ition in A'ew 

Shade. 

Jersey.-1Zerch;lntvilIc formation: JIaple 

IIo1ofype.-ANSI' 20003. 

Prehepatus dilksi Itoberts 11. sp. 


Desoiptio~l.-Greatest height of palm at the distal third; profile 

of upper margin ino~lerately conrex except hefore t,l~e proximal end 

where it is deeply esearatecl; median port,ion of lolver margin straight,. 

Outer surface very convex rertically, armed ~rit,h large erect conical 

t,ubercles arranger1 in three subparallel loiigit,udin;~l rows of 5 to 6 

t~~l~ercles each. These rons are11 up~v\.;~r(l: their tohercles are subequally 

spaced, and the tubercles of the upper row are some\\~liat larger that^ 

those of the other t\vo rows. Tl~e middle row is sit,uated sligl~tly 1)eIouthe 

middle of the palm ; the upper row is parallel to the upper margin 

and lies halfway between the li~t,ter and the middle roll.; lo~ver row 

about midway between the miil~lle row and lo~vcr margin. A row of 

three small tubercles extcncls fro111 t.11~ upper node of the carpal articulation 

to tlie mi

164 CRETILCEOUS FOSSILS 

Rathbun (1935, p. 48, pl. 11, figs. 26-28) from the Pawpaw clay of 

Texas. 

The holotype is a right palm with the dactylus in place. Two left 

palms which lack locality data were also examined. The outer surface 

of the holotype shows a large tubercle just below the middle of thc 

upper margin. This tubercle is not present on thc other palms. 

Named for Charles Dilks, xvho collected the holotype an11 kindly 

submitted it for study. 

Distribution in Xelu Jersey.-3Iercl1antville formation: 3Iaplc 

Shade (type locality). 

IIo/~type.-~kNSP 19728. 

Genus Totracarcinzcs \tT'eller, 1905 

Tetracarcinus subquadratus T17eller 


Tetracareinus subquadratus Weller, 1!)05, p. 136, pl. 1.5, figs. 4-6: 

- 1905a, p. 328, text-figs. 4-6. 

Tetraearcinns subquadratzrs, Weller, 1907, p. 852, 1'1. 111, figs. lfi-19. 

Tetracarcin.tis subqziadratus, Rathbun, 1.935, p. 41, pl. 10, figs. 1.6: 1'7 

(non fig. 18). 

Dalioticuncer overana, Rathbun (part), 19:i5: p. 40; non 1917, p. 386, 

pl. 32; pl. 33, figs. 6-14. 

Description.-"Carapace subquaclrang~~lar, length and breadtl~ 

nearly cqnal. 1)imcnsions of tlr-o i~r~lividuals are: length, 12.3 mm. and 

14.4 mm. ; breadth, 12.5 nlm., and I4 mm. DorsaI surface convex longi- 

tudinally and transversely, the sides curving abruptly dolmward to ;I 

nearly vertical position, marlzcd by two longitudinal and two transverse 

furrows. Rostrum short with a deep, longitndinal median fl~rrow. Ex- 

tending backward from the posterior extremity of the median fnrron 

of the rostrum, the two longitudinal dorsal furrolvs diverge from their 

anterior point of origin to the junction with the nntcrior transverse: 

furrow and then converge until they nearly meet again at the posterior 

margin of the carapace? enclosing a longitudinal, median ;area n,hich is 

not crossed I)? the anterior transverse furrow, and across which the 

1)osterior transvrrs~: f~~rrow is less strongly defined than in its l;~teral 

limbs. The lateral limbs of the t,ransverse furrolr-s become less ~r-ell 

defined to\rarrls the margin of the carapace. The anterior ones cnrve 

sligl~tly haek\r-ard toward t,heir distal extremities, ~vhile the posterior 

ones hare a slight for~vard cnrve: so th:~t the trvo together, with the 

longitudinal furrows: enclose a pair of slightly convex, subovate areas. 

From the anter.olateral margins of each of these subovate areas, two 

slight, gently curved tubcrculose ridges or lines of tubercles extend 

forward, diverging slightly, to the antcrolateral margins of the carapace." 

(Weller, 1907). 


CRUSTBCEA 185 

Re111nr1;s.-The specimen showw on TTTeller's (190i) plate 111, fig. 

17 (NJShf 7788) and rcfignred by Rathbun (1935: pl. 10, fig. 16) is the 

best preserved of the three synt,ypes. It shows the follo~ring small 

tnl~ercles: one above each orhit, a submedian pair behind the rostrum, 

an eqnilateral triangle of t,hree pointing postad on the cardiac field 

nrid scattered granules on t,he summits of the hepatic, protogastric and 

metagastric areas. 

I~arge specimens of this species attain a cnrapaeal ~vidth of 32 rnm. 

They are proportionately shorter and wider than are specimens the 

size of the syntypes. Their angles are more broadly rounded, and t,he 

granulations on the elevated areas of the carapace coarser and dcnser. 

\IThen molds and fillings of these large specimens are too sliallow to show 

the true periphery of the carapace, thcir dorsal profile ;~pproi~ebrs 

roundness and the disJanee between the apparent posterior margill of 

the carapace and the origin of the brarichial groove is shortcne(1. Such 

specimens have a superficial resemblance to Dakoticancer ouerrrna R;~thbun 

(1917, p. 386, pl. 32; pl. 33, figs. 6-14). In fact, the New Jersey 

record (Rat,hhun, 1935, p. 40) of the latter is based on a nniqne esternril 

mold (N.TSM 9549) of T. szcbqxadvatns Wcller showing tllc features 

mentioned above. 

The thoracic sterna of D. ovcrana and T. stabquadratus are quite 

similar. However, D. overana has a conspicuous triangular tooth at 

each distal angle of sternite IX, whereas sternite IX of 7'. stabquatratus 

is unarmed. 

The sternum and palm (NJSII 10215) tv.0 specimens reported as T. 

s~abquaciratus by Rathbun (1935, p. 41 ; palm, 111. 10, fig. 18) and said 

to have come from the Tinton formation at Beers Hill, New Jersey, are 

specifically un(1eterminablc. Tl~cir matrices appear to have been derived 

from nodules similar to those in the \IToodbury and Cliffmoo(1 

clays. 

Distribution in New Jersey.-Magothy formation: Cliffwood; Cliff- 

\x700(l Point near hfatawan. Woodbury formation: Lorillaril. 

Outside dktributi0.n.-Jvyoming : "Lewis Shale." 

Syntypcs.-NJSM 7788 (Cliffwood Point), 9532 (T~orillard). 

Tribe GYMNOPLEURA Bourne 

Family Raninellidae Beurlen 

Genus Notopocorystos M'Coy, 1849 

Subgenus Cretacoranina Mertin, 1941 

Notopocorystes (Cretacoranina) testacea (Rathbun) 


Raqtinella testacea Rathbnn: 1926, p. 190, pl. 68, figs. 1-4. 

Notopocorystes (Cretacoranina) testacea, Mertin, 1941, p. 239. 



Raninclln fesfncca Kindle, 1949, p. 17, text-fig.1. 

Desoiption-"The carapace is very arcnate from side to side ant1 

in an antero-posterior direction is moderately ~IeRexed in front of t,he 

middle of the gastric region. The lateral margins are convex in front 

of the posterior third, and the carapace is xidcst at its anterior third, 

or at the penultimate lateral spine. The surface is c1osc:ly pared with 

Rat, subhexagonal granules, vhich are visible to the na%cd eye, as are 

also the scattered punetae. There is an :~lmost total absence of dorsal 

inequalities. The exceptions are a pair of crescentic furrolvs at the 

middle of the carapace, defining thc inner limit of the branchial region; 

a shallow longitudinal median depression: widening posteriorly and occupying 

the posterior third or fourth of the carapace; and a longit~tdinal 

furrow on the rostrum. Tl~e rostrum is narrow and insignificant 

and apparently ended in two spines, which arc bri~lrcn off in the 

only specimen that bas a rostrum. It is advanced beyond the remainder 

of the r~nterior margin, 1~11ich is armed on each side ~viL11 four spines 

and slopes back in a transversely oblique direction. The spines seem 

to be in pairs, t,hose of each pair separated by a sh~~llowcr sinus than 

that between the pairs. Bet~vecn the rostrum and the first spine therc 

is a sligl~t prominence below the margin of the carapace, ~vhich may be 

a part of the cyesta!k. liehind the anterolateral spine, which is strong 

ant1 elongate: there are four smaller spines on the lateral margin x~hic11 

also diminish in size from the anterior to the posterior spine. 

"Chclipeds stout, of moderate length. The carpus and distal half 

of the rnerns are cach pro~icled on the onter side with :I prominent. 

laminate crest having a lohate edge; remainder of outer and upper 

surface of mcrns ir~ngh, partly mith spines arranged in longitudinal 

rows and partly mith short transverse granulated or spinose ridges. 

There are two or three longitnclinal rows of spines on the upper surface 

of the carpus, and a spine at the anterior angle. The palm has a 

smooth outer face, widens from the proximal to the clistr~l end, and is 

bordered above by t~vo roxvs of four or five spines each and below by ont: 

row of seven or eight spines. The propodal finger is flat, lanceolatc, 

strongly bent domn, and about as long as the upper border of the palm. 

"Very little can be made out of the remaining legs. The last t,wo 

segments of one leg are partly exposed and show considerable bluegreen 

opaline iridescence; and that segment which I talre to he the 

terminal one is narrow, flat. and sul~lancl:o!ate." (l'iathhnn) 

AIeasurements of figured specimen: length of steinkern as broken 

39, greatcst width 36.7, frontal width, at l~ascs of the esterior frontal 

lobes, 28.4 mm. 

Renzarks.-To Rathhnn's description I would add ttlle following: 

frontoorhital distance about three-quarters of the carapacal widt,l~; 

orbits large, transversely oval ; frontal lobes subquadrate. two on each 

side of the rostrum, the exterior lohe v.ider than the interior and each 

lobe armed distally with a pair of tubular spines of which the inner 


spine is the shorter and slenderer. i\lonthfield about two-fifths as long 

as t,he carapace. 

None of the specimens shows the outer (3rd) maxillipeds. However, 

t,he inner maxillipeds, presumably the 2nd pair, are pediform and at 

least six times longer than wide. A deep longitudinal furrow bisects the 

xubhepatic field of which each half is transversely convex and bears an 

irregular row of large granules along the crest of the convexity. Outer 

layer of the integlnnent paved with small contiguous polygonal plates; 

inner layers of the integument studded with round flat-topped gran- 

riles which are slightly more than their diameter apart. Posterior and 

lateral margins of carapace, and the proximal slopes of the lateral 

spines, finely beaded. 

The large orbits, the median position of the muscle-sears, the short 

mouthfield, and the strong development of t,lle frontal lobes require 

that this species be placed in the genus ATotopocorystes. 

Distribq~tioit ill h'ew Jersey.-Navesink formation: Atlantic High- 

lands. 

Ot~tsidc ~1islriba.tion.-Tennessee: Riplcy formation. Mississippi: 

Ripley formation. 

T!jpes.-1JSNM 73121 (Coon Creek, Tennessee, type locality). 

Genus Raninella lfilne Edwards, 1862 

Raninella tridens Roberts n. sp. 


Description.-Carapace obovi~te; strongly arched from side to side; 

greatest width and the highest point on the dorsal surface at the distal 

third. Immediately in front of this high point, on the dorsal surface 

of the carapace and extending forward to the orbital borders, there is a 

median triangular facet which points postad. Running backward from 

the high point, there is a low median convexity which dies out in thc 

cardiac field. Front two-thirds as wide as the carapace and almost 

transverse exterior to the rostrum. Rostrum triangular; excavated 

dorsally, the middle of the excavation occupied by a short longitudinal 

ridge. Tip of rostrum bluntly rounded and curved slightly downward. 

Orbit about one-fifth the width of the front; subcircular; directed obliquely 

outward and upward, its upper and lower margins each pierced 

hy a closed fissure. Anterolateral teeth three, including the outer orbital 

tooth. The teeth are triangular in dorsal profile, moderately compressed 

dorsoventrally. with s~~bmncronate tips. First toot11 larger and 

less compressed than the others, pointed obliquely forward, acute but 

nearly equilateral and separated from the second tooth by a broadly 

U-shaped sinus. Second tooth broad and low, inclined slightly forward, 

smaller than the third tooth and situated midway between the latter 



and the first tooth. The third tooth is placed at the widest part of the 

carapace. It is directed obliquely forward and is more acutely triangular 

than the first tooth. Tlic posterior m;~rgin of the third tooth 

is distinctly concave and is provided ~~itli a carinate edge which becomes 

continuous with the lateral edge of the carapace posteriorly. 

Cardiac field barrel-shaped, limited laterally by faint branchiocardiac 

grooves which connect distally with a pair of deep thumbnail muscle 

scars. Hepatic area slightly concave. >Ioutl~ficld nearly half as long 

as the carapace, its lateral cdgcs parallel and out\~ardly arcuate. \Vlien 

viewed from the ventral surface, the subhepatic f~~rrow and the promincnt 

subhcpatic carina estcrior to it are parallel to cach other and to 

the lateral margin of the carapace. Surface of carapace minntely and 

evenly granulate. 

lleasurcmcnts of holotype: length 13> greatest \~idtli 9.6, frontoorbital 

width 6 mm. 

Remarks.-Resenlbles A. clongota Milne Edwards (1862, p. 493; 

Brocchi, 1877, p. 4, pl. 29, figs. 4, 5) from the Cenomanian of France, 

hut is broader than that species, has the front truncate instead of 

rounded and has the muscle-scars placed farther for~~ard. 

Distributioiu in New Jersey.-IIerchantville formation: Graham 


Oz~tside distr&t~tio?~.-Delannarc: Spoil bank north of C and D 

Canal, about 1/4 mile east of Summit liridge (type locality) ; Mer- 

chantville formation. 

ITo1otype.-ANSP 19737 (Summit Bridge, Delaware). 

Raninella sp. 

Steinkerns of three carapaces (YI'PM 17904) from the \Voodbury 

formation at Lorillard, New Jersey, arc referable to Rnninella. The 

lateral teeth and the details of the front are not knon~n, but the concave 

posterolateral margins and the position of the muscle scars: wliicli 

reach nearly to the middle of the carapace, clearly distinguish these 

specimens from the preceding species, R. tridens. Although none of 

the specimens is well enough preserved to permit of aclcquatc sl~ecific 

description, a brief eharacterizatio~~ of the species may be desirable. 

The carapace is ohovate, widest at the distal third ant1 about one and 

a qnarter times longer than wide. The profile of the dorsal surface is 

nearly straight. The front is narrower than the posterior margin, and 

the p~"~erolateral margins are concave. The distal ext,remities of the 

muscle sears almost reach to the midlength of the carapace. All three 

specimens are enlhcdded in n~;~tl.ir by their ventral snrfaces. The largest 

example is 22.1 mm. long and 145 mlo. at the greatcst \vidt,h. 


DECAPODA incerlae sedis 

Xanthias? lenolensis ltathbun 


lindetermined crustacean, TVeLler, 1907, pl. 110, fig. 11. 

Sa~zlhias Ieaolensis Ratl~bun, 19358, p. 165, text-figs. 1-4. 

Description.-"The material consists of tmo palms, right and left, 

the right one showing the stun~ps of the fingers. Length of right palm 

across mi(ldlc of outer surface 13.6; greatest height, clista(l to middle, 

6.(i; greatest thickness, near middle, 5.6 mm. Ijpper mnrgin archc(l> 

lo~rcr nli~rgin strilight for its distal t.!vo-tl~irrls~ the proximal end c11rx.ing 

upward and reaching a little fi~rther b;~ckn.ard than t,he upper 

mt~rgin. Lengthwise through the middle 2 rows of about 9 large tubercles 

; above and below these, a row of s~naller tl~bercles ; near lower edge 

a similar row. A larger tubercle at articultltion with d;~etyl is indieatetl. 

Upper half of outer surface slightly eoncilve; above this, the blunt upper 

surface bends orcr toward the inner sarfacc and has three rows of 

irregular tubercles; belol\. these, on tlte inner sorface, a narrow lengtllvise 

cavity, and frlrther down .i rows of tubercles more or less irregular. 

The basal cross-sections of the fingers are relatively small and similar, 

suboval and subtriangular, broader in upper half. 

"The left palm is much worn. Length across lniddlc 13; greatest 

height, at distal end, 9.7; greatest thicltness, 6.8 mm. The ornamcntat,iorl 

so far as it can he ~nailc out: is similar to that of the minor palm." 

(Rathbun) 

Remarts-\\'ell-preserrc(1 specimens sho\r hemispherical tubercles 

on the outer surface of the l~and i~nd conical tubercles OII t,l~e upper 

surface. The tips of tllc tubercles arc.barsely granlllate. The fisell 

finger, which is finely granul;ltc: is bent (lo~rn~rar(l and is at least onethird 

as long as tlle inner lengtl~ of the palm. 

The specimen (XJSRI 9042) figured by TVeller '(1907, pl. 110, fig. 

11) is the right palm of the species. 

li~itil the carapace is foiun(1, the generic and f;imili;rl alfinities of 

X' lenolensk cannot be determinc


strongly backward and downward and is provided mith a stout, salient 

pair of articular nodes of which the lower node twists inward and np- 

ward at the tip. The form of the wrist is oval-spheroidal wi1.h a large 

facet on the inner side. The proximal half of this facet serves as the 

articular surface of the carpomeral joint. Two grooves mark the outer 

surface of the wrist; one extends longitudinally across the mi(lclle, the 

other is close to and parallel mith the lower half of the distal margin. 

These groores connect anteriorly. The palm and wrist are covered 

mith closely spaced hemispherical granules. 

Measurements of figured propodns: length 14.6, length of palm. 

10.6 mm.; height of palm 8.9 mm., thickness 7 mm., length of upper 

surface of fixed finger, 5 mm. 

Remarks.-The decorticated left propodus (NJSM 10315) which 

Rathbun (1935, pl. 10, fig. 18 only) identified with Tetracoreinus sub- 

quadratus Weller (see "Remarks", p. 185 above) resenlbles the hands 

described here. However, her specimen is more elongated and the 

groove along its outer surface is at the middle rather than itt the upper 

third. It should be noted that Rathhun's figure 18 is retouched, giving 

the impression that the posterior margin of the hand is present and that 

its upper and lower posterior angles are rounded. Actually, the poster- 

ior margin of her specimen is broken off nearly vertically, the upper 

and lower corners of the break are quite sharp. 

Distribution in Nc~u Jersev.-Merchantville formation: Maple 

Shade. 

Oulsule distribution.-Delaware: Merchantville formation. 

3';gt~rcd specinzens.-JVFIS 17101 and 17102. 

Bmchyuridea indet. 2 

Text Figure 3 

Description..-Palm compressed; cuneiform in lateral profile, nar- 

rowing in the proximal quarter to a bluntly triangular point with toll- 

vex sides. Upper, posterior and lower margins of outer surface hor- 

dered by a smooth, narrow keel. A wider keel, which is longitudinal 

and submedial, arises close to the posterior margin and extends distatl 

to a point situated at a distance behind the anterior margin that is about 

equal to the basal height of the fixed finger. The upper and lower snr- 

faces of the palm are flattish. The distal half of the inner portion of 

the upper surface is broken, hut the proximal half of this surface shows 

t,he 11;1se of a stout articular node and two triangular teeth, the three 

about equally spaced and arranged in a straight, oblique row which 


CRUSTACEA 191 

trends forward and outward. The carpopropodal articulation is on the 

inside of the palm. 

Measurements of cited specimen: length 23.2 mm., anterior height 

10.9 mm., thickness 6 mm. 

Ren1arks.-This indeterminable species is represented by a unique 

right palm which has the stumps of the dactylus and fixed finger in 

place. It strongly resembles the palm of a portunid crab and appears 

to be close to Ratbbun's (1935, p. 52) genus Ophthalmoplax. 

Distn'bution in New Jersel~.-Formation unknown: "Monmonth 

County. Lower Marl." 

Cited specimen.-ANSP 19740. 

Dempoda indet 

Text Figure 4 

"Brachynra (9) Pragment of a finger (?)." Pilsbry, 1901, p. 117, pl. 

1, fig. 17. 

"Antenna of a Polinnrid." Ratbbun, 1935, p. 60. 

"(A)ntenna of a Palinurid." Kindle, 1949, p. 17. 

Description.-An elongated fragment with a key-hole cross-section; 

a row of 8 to 10 long, conical tubercles on each margin of the wider (or 

upper) surface ; a wide longitudinal groove slightly below the middle of 

the inner and outer surfaces ; three parallel rows of 4 to 6 small, conical 

tubercles on the lomer surface. Two of the rows on this lover surface 

are lateral, one is medial, and one of the lateral rows is visible from 

the inner side of the fragment. On the outer surface of the fragment, 

above the longitudinal groove, there is a row of three small, widely 

spaced tubercles. 

Length of fragment, 26.4 mm., posterior height, 7.9, posterior thick- 

ness 5.5 mm. 

Remarks.-The original label of this unique specimen gives no 

stratigraphic information. It reads, "Monmouth Co., N. J., William 

Cleburne." However, Pilsbry (1901, p. 111) states that the specimen 

came from the "Lower Marl." Rathbun (1935, p. 8) lists it under the 

Nonmouth group, and Kindle (1949, p. 17) assigns it to the Ravesink 

formation. The fact is that the formation from which this specimen 

came is unknown, nor is it likely that it is the antenna of a palinurid. 

Distribution i?& New Jersey.-Formation unknown : Monmouth 

County. 

Cited specimen.-ANSP 19729. 


APPENDIX A 

TIIE CRETACEOTJS REPTILES OF XE\V JERSEY 

Tlie Cretaceons setlilnents of Rcw Jersey have yielded many species 

of vertebrate fossils. During the nineteenth century such ilistinguishe(1 

paleontologists as Edmarrl Cope, Otliniel 3larsli: anrl Inany other 

workers collected and describcil specimens from t,l~e state. 

TJnfortnnately for present (lay collectors many of t,lle localit,ies 

oisitcrl hy tlie above men arc no longer accessible and vertebrate material 

lias not been foilnil iin quant,ity in recent years from other localities. 

Xerertheless, pnleoiitologists sue11 as 11.. Zangerl and S. P. 

TVclles arc a~liling to our linomledye of Coastal l'lain rertehratr:~ 

tllrongh their monographic studies. Ifany of t,l~e (leseribe(1 species lrave 

proved invalid on restudy and hare been assignecl to otlier species or 

liare becn (liscarderl from taxonomy. It is possible that many of t,lie 

species listed here arc not valid, hut (leeision must await fnbure worli 

by conipetent authorities. 

A list of t,hc Cretaceous repbiles of Se~r. Jersey is appen


BfERCHANTVTLLE FORllATION 

CRelofiia 

(Trionyx halophila Cope) ; Sumniit Bridge, Del. 

Rothrentys coolci LeidY1; Maple Shade 

Sqztainnta 

Clidastcs sp. ? ; Maple Shade 

Mosn-srrttrfrs sp. ; Bfaple Shade 

Crocodilin 

Unidentified specimen ; JIaple Shade 

Ornithischia 

Or~titltotnrstis ii~tiitaitis Cope; Bferchantville (Maple Shade?) 

I\'OODBURY FORAlATION 

Squnmata 

Nosasaurlls sp. ; Woodbury 

Ornithischia 

Ornithotorszrs ii~~~iranis Cope; Lorillard Company pit, near Iceyport 

Iladrosat~rzls fozilkii J~eidy ; IIaddonfield 

MARSHALLTOWN FORMATION 

Plesio.sauria 

"Elasmoso?~ras" orie~ttnlis Cope; Swedeshoro 

Sqziaiimta 

Clidastos igiia?!actrs Cope; Slvedesboro 

Ovnith isch ia 

II(ldvosa~rvt~s i~ti?~or Marsh; Swedeshoro 

NAVESINK FORMATIOV' 

Sqfiamata 

Ancylocentrt~in. htrngerfordii Chaffee; Sewell 

Baptasazrr~ts fraternus Marsh ; New Jersey 

Clidastes validf~s Cope; Barnshoro 

Clidastes conodon Cope; Freehold 

'Identification by Dr. Rainer Zaneeri. 


APPENDIX A 

Tylosaurzis laticazcdus Marsh; Hornerstown 

Tylosaurus sectorius Cope; Birmingham 

llIosasai~rus depressus Cope ; Birmingham 

llfosasaurus iniersii Marsh, Hornerstown 

llfosasaurus oarthrus Cope: Barnsboro 

Mosasaurus princeps Marsh; Hornerstown 

llfosasaurus copeanus Marsh; Marlboro 

Plesiosazcria 

Cimoliasazcrus ntagnus Leidy ; Burlington Co. 

"Plesiosaurus" brevifemzcr Cope (nomen vanum) ; Barnsboro 

Xaurischia 

Dryptosaurus aquilunquis Cope; Sewell, Barnsboro, Burlington Co. 

Ornithischia 

HadrOsaurt~s foz~lkii Leidy ; Barnshoro 

ZIadrosaurus minor Marsh ; Sewell, Mulliea Hill 

NAVESINK AND/OR HORNERSTOIITN FORJIATIONS 

Crocodilia 

Goniopholis ferox Marsh; Birmingham 

Goniopholis fraterculus Cope; Birmingham 

Goniopholis natator Troxell; Hornerstown 

Goniopholis natator oweui Troxell ; Barnsboro 

Gonwpholis rogersii Owen; Blaekwood, Birmingham, White IIorse 

(Gonwpholis rogersii Owen) ; New Castle Co., Del. 

(Thoracosaurus neocesariensis DeKay) ; Mt. Holley E 

Chelonia 

Botliremys cooki Leidy ; Barnsboro 

Taphrosphys molops Cope ; Barnsboro 

Taphrosphys strenuus Cope; Barnsboro 

Osteopygis emurginatus Cope; Barnshoro, 3lullica Hill 

Catapleura repanda Cope; Barnshoro 

Agompl~us firntus Leidy ; Tinton Falls 

Agomphus masculinus Wieland ; Barnshoro 

Agomphus pectoralis Cope; Medford E 

Agomphus tardus Wieland; Birmingham E 

Agon~phus turgidus Cope; Mt. Holly, Sewell, E 

Adocus agilis Cope ; Barnshoro 

Adocus beatus Leidy ; Mulliea Hill 

Adocus pravus Leidy ; Tinton Falls 

Adocus syntheticus Cope; Barnsboro 

SPECIES OF UNCERTAIN F0OR&fArTIONAL ASSIGNMENT 

The following species cannot be referred to any formation or group 

because of a lack of locality and stratigraphic information. 


196 CRETACEOUS FOSSIIIS 

Plesiosat~k 

Ci~~~oliasatir~~s planior Leidy 

Ci~>tolinsaztr~rs uetssttcs Leidy 

Spuamata 

Diplotomodon horrificas Leidy 

Polygonodon vetzis Leidy 

Tylosatirtis laevis Owen 

T7~losar~rns stitchilli Dekay 

Tylosatir~cs ru.pax Hay 

Jlosasaurus dekayi Bronn 

illosasaurns fulciaf~ls Cope 

Nosasau~us maximus Cope 

Satirischia 

P?~eu~watoartlirt~s pelorens Cope 


APPENDIX B 

Various groups of fossils are not included in tl~e present vol~~me. 

These are : 

PLANTS. Those of the Raritan formation \\.ere fully deseribe(1 I)y 

Berry (1911) and little work has been done suhseq~~ently other than a 

critical analysis by Dorf (1952). 

FORil~ITNIFERA. This group of fossils was included in the original 

edition of \\Teller, the work largely being taken from Hagg 

(1898). The a~lrances in the fielcl of mieropi~leontology have made much 

of this work obsolete and it therefore seems unlvise to reprint this seetion. 

Little work has been pnblishe(1 on the Cretaceous foraminifera of 

New Jersey (luring recent years. Jcnnings (1936) described some 

speeies from the Cretaeeous and Eoeenc, and Cnshman (1948) described 

a Cretaceous fauna from 3Iaryland inclnding species uvhieh almost 

certainly occur also in New Jersey. The foraminifera of the Vincentown 

formi~tion, inclu~led with the Cretaceous by Weller hut now 

regar~lecl as Eoeene, have been discussed by R1eLe;ln (1952,1953). 

BRyOZO1l. No species of Rryozoa 11ave been reported from the 

true Cretaeeous of New Jersey. The extensive fanna of the Vineentown 

formation, included in \\Teller's original volume, is now thought to be 

of Eocene age. A thorough discussion of this fauna was given by Canu 

and Bassler (1933). 

OSTRACODA. Only ;I few ostraeotles have been reported from the 

Cretaceous of New Jersey although it is know that they occur in scvera1 

of the formations. Sonre ost,racodes from the Cretaeeor~s of nearby 

Delaware and Maryland have l~een discussed by Schmidt (1948) and 

Svain (1948). 

I~ISII. Thc most eo~nplete ~vorlr on the fossil fish of the Cretaeeol~s 

and Tertiary of New Jcrscv is that of Fowler (1911). Unfortunately, 

many of the locality records are very vague and it is therefore difficult 

to correlate the fossils \vit,h exact formations. These reeords are furtl~er 

eomplieated by the fact t,l~at the Hornerstonn formation at that time 

mas regarded as Cretaceous. 3Zany of the specimens are merely referred 

to the greensancl of t11c "Navesink-IIornerstolvn marl." 

Rapp (1946) gave i~ revisc(1 check list, but again it is


Cretaceous, a number of species have been found in true Cretaceous 

localities such as Maple Shade, Mullica Hill, Holmdel, ete. The most 

frequent genera are Lan~na, Isurus, Otodus, Coraz, Carcliarhinns 

(Glyphus) and ilemipristis. Other fish from the Cretaceous of New 

Jersey include the following genera: Pyenodus, EnckotEt~s, an11 1st.hyvhiza. 

BIRDS. Eight species of birds mere described from the Cretaceous 

deposits of New Jersey by Marsh. Six of these, Gracalauis ucloz, G. 

puntilus, Telmrornis priscus, T. affinis, Palaeotringa littoralis and 

P. vagans, were from the Hornerstown formation. P. vetus was from 

Arneytown and Laornis eduarsianus war; from Birmingham. Wetmore 

(1930), following the removal of the Hornerstown formation from the 

Cretaceous to the Eocene, suggested that these birds mere of Eocene 

rather than Cretaceous age. No specinlens of fossil birds have been 

found during recent years. 


APPENDIX C 

XEW CRETACEOUS INVERTEBIZATE FOSSILS FROII TEST 

BORINGS IN NEW JERSEY 

In 1951, the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corporation drilled 

a series of test wells in Burlington and Ocean Counties, New Jersey, 

in an attempt to locate a buried structure suitable for the storage of 

natural gas. Through the courtesy of George Grow, geologist with that 

company, and Meredith E. Johnson, former State Geologist of Nc\v 

Jersey, 1 have been permitted to examine the fossils obtained from 

these borings. A preliminary report on the fossils was given before the 

International Geological Congress in Ilexico City in 1956 (Richards 

1957-1959), while a complete list of the species will be puhlished clsehere. 

The Cretaceous fossils obtained from the cores include 48 spccics 

of which twelve are described as new. Notes and figures of a few species 

not hitherto reported from the Cretaceous of New Jersey are inclutled. 

In addition, a new species of the echinoid A't~cleop~gus (9) from the 

Navesink formation at Mullica IIi11, N. J. is described. 

The approximate location of the wells mbicl~ yielded the most significant 

fossils is as follows: 

1. 2 miles north of Chats~vorth, Burlington County 

2. 2.5 miles north of Chatsworth 

5. 6 miles north of Chatsworth 

8. 4 miles north of Chatsworth 

16. Harrisville, Ocean County 

17. 8 miles north of Manahamkin. Burlingtoll County. 

PIII'LTJM COELENTERATA 

Class Anthozoa 

Trochocyathus sp 

Pl;~t,e 93, Fignres 3, 4 

Several small corals closely velated to, or possibly identical with. 

T. bdanophylloides (Bolsche) hare been discussecl and fignred by 

Squires (1958). Core 16 (1648 fcet) RARITAN format,ion. 


CKETLICEOUS FOSSILS 

PHYLUM ANNELIDA 

Class Chaetogoda 

Serpula implicata Stephenson 

Plate 93, Fignre 1 

Serpula i)t~plicatu Stephenson 1952 = 1953, U. S. Geol. Surv. Prof. 

Paper 242, p. 52, pl. 8, fig. 7-9. 

Hitherto known only from the Tl'oodhine formation of Texas. Core 

16 (1648 feet) RARITAN formation. 

Harnulus intermedius Richards n. sp. 


Tabc straight, or very slightly curved. Six or seven (usually sc\.cn) 

rounded ribs similar to those of Ilatt~sl~~s onyx. Signs of tapering at 

lower end. 

The tube differs from H. onyx by being straighter, by sho~ving less 

signs of tapering, and hy often having seven ribs. Tt has many of the 

eharaeteristies of IT. protoonyx Richards (from the Eutalr. or Tusealoosa 

formation of Alabama), but is much larger. It is also n~neh larger 

than II. Ihowelli Richards from the Tuscaloosa forillation of Xorth 

Carolina. H,. intornaedizts may represent an intermediate erolutionary 

stage betmen either of these two small forms (H. protoo?hyx or 71. 

howel'i) and H. onyx, the latter being kno\vn from slightly younger 

deposits. 

H. iilto.n~edilrs is known froin the holotype and fifteen paratypes. 

On sevcral of thc tubes can be seen the smaller tubes of Serpttla itihplkata 

Stephenson. 

Dimcnsio?~~: Tlength of incomplete specimen 17.6 mni.; rnaxiim~m 

thickness 5 mm. (holotype). 

LocaLity: Core 16 (1648 feet) RARITAN formation. 

Holotype: AXSP 30751. 

PHYLUM ECIIINCIDERRIATI\ 

Class Eehinoidea 

Nucleopygus (?) gallagheri Richards 11. sp. 


Outline oval as in figures; upper surface convex, lo~ver surface concave. 

Apical system roughly central; petals relatively narrow and estending 

about two-thirds of the way to the margin. Mouth central with 

traces of flocelle surrounding it; periproet oral and elevated as s1101x.n 

in figure. The type and unique specimen is an internal mould. 


This species differs from 1Y. toxa?tus (Clark) from the Austin chalk 

(Cretaceous) of Tcsas by its wider petals ant1 by thc traces of t,l~e 

flocelle. It resembles Catopygt~s ~uillin~~tsi Clark from the Nalrcsink 

formation of New Jersey by 11;lring the periproct considerably Inore 

elevated. 

I)i~trc~~siori.s: T~engt,h 20 mm. ; \\.i(lt,l~ 16 mm.; height 10.5 mm. 

J;uca!ity: Alullica Ilill, A'. J. X:lVESINIC formation. 

Ilololype: ANSl' :I0752 (~lnique). 

Nsmed in l~onor of \Villiam Gallagher, a young amateur collector 

\vho found the specitnen. 

I'IIYl~lJhl BRYOZOA 

Heteroporo omericana ltichards 11. sp. 

Plate 92, iqgures 1, 2; Plate 93, Figure 5 

%~to;~riotn consistit~g of sm;lll eyli~~drieal trlbcs, usually ahor~t 3.5 

mm. in dian~st,er. hlore or Icss regularly branching and occasionally 

eoalcscing. Zooaria sul~oral rne~tsnring al~ont 0.1 mm. in diameter. Thc 

space bet~veen the pores is occupied by smaller irregularly arranged 

subcylindrical mesopores rarying in dizuneter. \\'all porous or vesicular. 

I{clated to TI. cr!yptoporn (:ol~lfuss from Naastricht, LIollan(l~ bnt 

\\.it11 more variat,ion in the size of the mesoporcs. 

This is the first record of lletcropor~~ fro111 t,l~e Cret,;rceous of North 

America, although scrcral species are known from the Eocene of t,he 

Atlantic and Gnlf Constal Plain. The Itaritan for~nation is correlated 

with the Cenolnaniat~ of Europe, and is therefore olrlcr than thc 

lfaastrichtizln from \\,11ich 11. cryptupurn is reported. 

1,ocaLity: Core 16 (1648 feet,) KB1IIT:lN formation. 

Ilolotypc: ANSI' 30753; figured paratype 30754. 

Class Peleeypoda 

Breviarca ~ hlei Rich;lrds n. sp. 

Plate 93, Figurcs 10, 11 

Shell small, inequilateral, subequiaal\.c, strongly inflated. Tl~c left 

ralve slightly orcrlaps the right ralve all around the margin. Umbonal 

ridge rounded. The surface slopes steeply to the anterodorsal margin. 

less steeply to the anterior ancl \ventral margins; postcrodorsal slope 

brondly excavated. Reaks prominently incurred and nearly central; 

antcrior margin regularly rounded; ventral margin alrr~ost stri~lght. 

Surface ornamented with strong irregular conecntric ridges. Therc are 

a few sobobsolete radial thread? near the anterior and posterior mar- 



gins. Hinge and teeth typical of the genus as exemplified by Brevlarca 

minor Stephenson from the It'oodbine of Texas, except that there are 

a few more hinge teeth. 

I~reuiarca rul~lei differs from B. nti?ior in that its sculpture shows 

no cross-hatching or radiating markings. 

Dimensions: Length 3.9 mm. ; width 5.1 mm.; thickness 1.8 nlm. 

Locality: Boring 16 (1648) feet RARITAN formation. 

Iiolotype: ANSP 30489; also ten paratypes. 

Named in honor of James 1,. Ruhle. vho assisted in the preparation 

of the cores for study. 

Idonearca (?) harrirvillensis Richards n. sp. 

Plate 93, Fignres 8, 9, 12 

Shell of mccli~un size, rather thick, snbtrapezoidal, strongly convex, 

ineq~~ilateral, presum;lbly equiralvo. Anterior margin flattened with 

a distinct keel. Posterodorsal slope is moderately steep ; ventral margin 

broadly rounded. Cardinal area roughly tri:lngular, elongate, with 

about six wavy, chevron-like lines. Hinge slightly curved. The medial 

teeth are small and irregular; the lateral teeth are coarse, about five 

on each side, are longer and coarser, irregularly oblique, becoming 

horizontal at the ends. Umbonal ridge subangular. Beaks moderately 

prominent, broadly ineurved, sitnated about one-third the length of the 

shell from the anterior extremity. M:usele scar not visible. Ornamentation 

limited to fine concentric ribs at varying distances from each other, 

wit.h a very faint indication of cross-hatching on some of the interspaces. 

Idonenrcn (7) har~risz.il/ensis differs from I(7onearca blanpiedi 

Stephenson, known from the \l'oodhine formation of Texas and the 

Raritan formation of New Jersey, in its general shape, and by the 

presence of a pronounced keel on the anterior margin. Because of the 

ineonlplete nature of the shell, it does not appear wise to refer it definitely 

to the genus Zdonearca. 

IIolotype and numerous brokcn specimens. 

Dimensions: Length 14 mm.; width 20 mm.; thickness 6 mm (holotype). 

Ilolotypc: ANSI' 30443. 

Locality: Boring 1.6 (1648 feet) :&\RITA;\' formation. 

Ostrea ratitanensis lliehards n. sp. 


Shell small, laterally areuate. IIinge-line slightly curved. Shell 

marked with from seven to ten deep plieations which extend inward 

from the lower or convex margin but do not reach the opposite side. 


APPENDIX C 203 

Very faint plieations on the anterior hinge extremity which do not 

connect with the larger plications of the opposite side. The central 

portion of the shell is relatively smooth, without conspicuous rihs or 

plications. There are faint indications of concentric groxth lines and 

very faint radial rihs near the beak. 

Ostrea raritanensis differs from the common Cretaceous 0. falcafa 

biorton by its much less conspicuous plications which do not extend 

across the shell. Also, 0. raritanensis is smaller in size and is more 

point,ed at the posterior end than in the case of 0. falcata. 

Dimensions: Length 9 mm., midth 3.1 mm., thickness 1.6 mm. (holo- 

type) ; length 12.2 mm., width 5.1 mm., thickness 3.2 mm. (unfigurecl 

paratype) ; length 15.6 mm., width 7.1 mm., thickness 2.2 mm. (un- 

figured paratype). 

Locality: Boring 16 (1648 feet) RARITAN formation. 

Holotype: AI\'SP 30441. 

Exogyra woolmani Riellards 


Fairly common in Core 16 at 1648 feet. See Val. 1, p. 121. 

Gryphaea aucella Roemer 


Grypkaea azceella Roemer, 1849, "Texas" p. 395 (Bonn, Germany). 

Several specimens from Core 16 at 1648 feet appear to he identical 

with this species originally described from the Cretaceous of Texas. 

G. aucella is closely related to G. convcza (Say) and may actually be 

a variety. 

Crenella growi Richards n. sp. 

Plate 93, Figure 15, 1.6 

Shell small, inflated, slightly longer than high, subeqnilateral, equi- 

valve. All margins arched. Hinge typical of the genus. Beaks moder- 

ately prominent, incurved and located at the center. Onter surface 

ornamented with smooth closely spaced radial rihs numbering about 

10 to the millimeter at the ventral margin. Interspaces cut by fine eon- 

centric threads. 

Crenella grolci differs from C. .subcirci~laris Stephenson from the 

Woodbine of Texas in that it is much more rounded and shows both 

concentric and radial sculpture. 

Dinlenswns: Length 6.2 mm. ; width 6.0 nnn.; thickness 5.0 mm. 

Localit?/: Boring 16 (1648 feet) RARITAN formation. 

Holotype: ANSP 30440. 



Xamed in honor of George Grow, geologist ~~itli l'ranscontincntal 

Gas Pipe Line Corporation, who made these samplcs available for study. 

Caryocorbula johnsoni Richards n. sp 


Shell of moderate size, inflated, triangular ovate, slightly incquivalved. 

Both valves are acutely keeled posteriorly, and both arc concentrically 

rugose. The right cardinal tooth is mt~(lcratcly pronor~ncc~l, 

t,he adjoining resileal socket is deep, and the anterior cardinal socket is 

long, as in the hinge of the type of this subgenus. Tlie left valrc has a 

relatively broad chondrophore ~vhich is posteriorly continuous with the 

clorsal margin of the valve, being sepamtecl from it hy a low ridge. 

lluscle scars are thickened, somewhat rugose ; the palial line is simple 

and the palial sinus short, scarcely defined. Concentric ribs :Ire closely 

sl)accd, mith faint indications of radial striae. 

Car!/oeovb?~la jok?rsoni differs from 6. alnbn>~~ensis Lea in that it is 

not as tapered at the ct~ondro~~l~ore, the ribs are more closely spacecl: the 

keel is less pronounced, and the hcak is less ecntered. Fairly comnion 

in Boring IG at 1648 feet. 

Di~ne?~sio?ts: Length 8.3 mm.; vidth 6.1 mln.: thickness 3.2 mrn. 

(holotype). 

Locality: Roring 16 (1648 feet) RARITAX formation. 

IIolot!/po: ANSI' 30437. 

Named in honor of >leredith E. Johnsoll, forn~er State Oeologisl. 

of Ncv Jcrse~. 

"Corbulo" sp. 

I'latc 93: Figure 23 

Several specimens too poorly preserved for description mere ob- 

tained from Boring 16 at 1648 feet. 

Scambula widmeri Richards n. sp, 

Platc 93, Figures 19, 20 

Shell small, ronghly triangular with sharp pointed beaks; valve 

wry flat; posterior margin of shell slightly incurre(1, and making a 

sharp edge with the extremity of the shell; anterior margin straight. 

IIinge characterized by onc long lateral tooth and two smaller teet,h 

which meet at the nmbo. Exterior of the ralvc with concentric ribs: 

about 15 in nnmher, becoming mnch less distinct and xvider spaced near 

the beak. R,il)s and intcrspaccs are covered mith fine growth lines which 

arc present on both thc rihs and the area between the rihs. These stop 

abrnptly at hot,h margins of the shell. 


APPENDIX C 205 

Sca~~tbula w~dnlcri diRers from S. perplana Conrad from the Cretaceous 

of Nen. Jersey mainly by its much coarser sculpture, and by its 

smaller size. 

Dimensions: Lengtli 4 mm.; width 5 mm.; thickness 0.5 mm. (holotype). 

Locality: Boring 8 (694 feet) \\'OODBURIr formation. 

Holotypc: ANSP 30750. 

Named in honor of Kcmble Widmer, State Geologist of Nem Jersey. 

Cyclorisma jerseyensis Richards n. sp. 


Shell small, subtriangular, posterior end slightly attenuate; tectll 

not well preserved, bnt similar to those of Cyclorisnra alta (Conrad) 

Surface ornamented with fairly prominent irregularly spaced ribs wit11 

wider interspaces; faint concentric lines between the ribs, and finer 

radial striations. 

Cyclori.snaa jerseyensis differs from C. nlta (Conrad) of the Blsek 

Creek formation of Korth Carolina by its coarser sculpture, and by 

being more elongate than C. dta ml~ich is almost circular. 

Dinlonsions: Length 4.5 mm. ; width 5.3 mm. ; thickness I .2 mm. 

Locality: Boring 16 (1648 feet) RtlRITAN formation. 

Holotype: ANSI' 30749. 

Linearia transcontinentalis Eichards n. sp. 


Shell small, subelliptical in outline, depressed convex. Anterior and 

posterior margins both rounded ; basal post,erior margin convex. Bealz 

not clearly shown, but apparently small. Surface of the shell marked 

by fine concentric ribs and separated by depressed furrows about two 

to three times the width of the ridges, also by radiating furrows which 

cut through the eoneent,ric ridges. These are more conspicuous on t,hc 

margins of the shell than in the ccnt,er, but are not nearly as prominent. 

as in L. mctastriata Conrad. The fnrrolr-s on the anterior part are 

farther apart than upon the posterior portion of the shell and are 

slightly more conspic~~ons. 

Linenria transcontinentalis differs from I,. ntetastviata Conrad in 

that its concentric ribs are coarser, the radiating lateral ridges are less 

conspicuons, and the shell is less convex. 

Dimensions: Length 3.8 mm. ; width 5.5 mm. (holotype). 

Localit!/: Core 16 (1648 feet,) RARITAN formation. 

Ilolotype: ANSP 30456. - -. 



Class Gastropods 

Calliornphalus oceanicus Richards n. sp. 


Shell small, nacreous, rather depressed, typically troehoid in shape 

and umbilieate; spire low; whorls four or five, rounded, sutnres im- 

pressed, circular in cross section ancl gradually increasing in size; 

protoconeh relatively flat. Sculpture of about 19 spiral nodulose 

ribs; tubercles arranged in parallel axial rows which are crossed b,v 

faint spiral-shaped ridges, giving a somewhat cancellate appearance to 

the shell ; suture slightly impressed ; subsutural rib strong ; aperture 

subcircular; umbilicus broad, umbilical heel tuberculate. 

Calliomphalas oceanicus differs from C. americanus Wade from thr: 

Ripley formation of Tennessee (Coon Creek) in that it has a lower 

spire, and more strongly cancellate sculpture. C. oceaniclcs lacks the 

conspicuous nodes surrounding the umbilicus as in C. antericanus. 

Dimensions: Height 6.9 mm. ; width 9.5 mm. (holotype). 

Locality: Boring 16 (1648 feet) RARITAN formation. 

Halotype: ANSP 30438; also 8 paratypes, badly crushed. 

Named from Ocean County, New Jersey, in which the well was lo- 

cated. 

Tuba ( ?) fontis Richards n. sp. 


Shell of medium size, spiral but broacl at base, spire acute, whorls 

seven, convex and circular in cross section increasing in size toward 

the aperture; apical whorl very small. Sculpture consists of beaded 

spiral threads of unequal size, with two very eonspieuous rows on spiral 

whorls, but with five or more on the body whorl; beaded etiect of threads 

produced by numerous narrow sharply elevated axial lines across the 

crests of the spiral ridges. Suture distinctly impressed; aperture ap- 

parently circular; lip not distinct. 

Tuba ( 9 ) fo?~t&s differs from T. parabella Wade from the Ripley 

format~on at Coon Creek, Tennessee, by its less eonspieuons oruamentation, 

its fewer spiral ribs, and by having one less whorl. It is also 

considerably smaller than T. parabella. It is placed in the genus Tuba 

cluestionably because the aperture and eolnmella are not clearly visible. 

It is much larger than 7'. (?) retiel~l(cta Johnson from the IVoodbnry 

formation of New Jersey and lacks the radial sculpture. Nanled from 

the Latin fons = well. 

D~menswns: Height 11.9 mm.; width 7.9 mm. (holotype). 

Locality: Boring 1 (862 feet) WOODBURY formation. 

Rolotype: ANSP 30755. 


APPENDIX C 

DISCUSSION 

1. The most significant part of the fauna here described is the ma- 

terial obtained from Core 16 between the depths of 1648 and 1658 feet 

(near Harrisville, Burlington County, New Jersey). The fossils are 

believed to come from the Raritan formation (basal Upper Cretaceous) 

and to be closely related to the fauna of the Woodbine formation of 

Texas as recently described by Stephenson (1952 = 1953). 

2. A core from Boring 17 at a depth of 1710 feet consists of massive 

fossiliferous limestone quite unlike anything reported from the Raritan 

formation. Horvever, judging by its fauna and by its position in the 

section, it is clearly part of the Raritan formation. (Plate 94, Figure 9). 


APPENDIX D 

Table sho\ving distribution by formation of Cretaceous invertebrate 

fossils of Xew Jerscy.' 

PORIFERA 

Clwna crdacica Fenton 6; Fenton X X 

' 

C. microtuberuna Stephenson 

C. retifor~nis Stephenson X 

X 

Coeloptyeh.iz~m ? jerseymlsis Shimer B; Powers X 

I Corynella jerseyensis Ho~vell n. sp. X 

COELENTERATA 

Asfrangia crotacca (Bolsche) 

Micrabncin cribraria Stephenson 

Trocl~oeyatl~zrs wooln~ani Vanghan 

Paracyathzis ? vazrgknni \\Teller 

ANNELIDA 

~Verp~cla eirct~laris \Teller X 

7Iu1111~lzis falcatzis (Conrad) X X 

11. tuenonahun~cs Howell X X X 

II. sqaatnoslis Gahh X 

II. walkerensis Stephenson X X 

If. zunllieronsis praeenrsor Howell X 

Longit~cbzcs li~tcotzss (\ITeller) X X X 

Diploconcka erefacea Conrad X X 

D. 11orbl:~onso ELowell X X 

Pilogranlila jcrsoyensis IIo~r.cll n. sp. X 

'Species listed in Appendix C not included 



Halyminites major Lesquereux 

Tube or Burrow 

Xemhelix jerseyensis Ramsdell n. sp. 

Paujasia geometrica (Morton) 

Catopygus pusillus Clark 

C. (Oolopygus) williamsi Clark 

H. mortononis emmomi (Stephenson) 

Cardiaster smocki Clark 

" Hemiaster" kiimmeli Clark 

H. welleri Clark 

BRACHlQPODA 

Linqula subspatulata Hall & Meek 

Terebratulina atlantica (Morton) 

Choristothyris plicata (Say) ' 

C. vanuxemi (Lyell & Forbes) 

PELECYPODA 

Nucula percrassa Conrad X X X X X 

N. slackiana Gabb X 

N. whitfieldi Weller X X X X X 

N. compressifrons Whitfield X X 

N. pinnuformis (Gabb) X 

N. marlboroensis (Weller) X 


PELECYPODA -Continued 

rV. tintonensis (Weller) 

N. protexta (Gabb) 

N. cliffwoodensis (Weller) 

N. longifrons (Conrad) 

N. whitfieldi (Gardner) 

N. stephensoni Richards n. sp. 

Yoldia gabbana (Whitfield) 

Y. papyria (Conrad) 

Y. cliffwoodemis Weller 

Nemodon eufaulensis (Gabb) 

N. conradi Johnson 

(I 

N. angulatum (Gabb) 

N. brevifrons Conrad 

N. obesus Stephenson 

Cucullaea vulgaris Morton 

C. antrosa Morton 

C. woodburyensis Weller 

C. neglecta Gabb 

C. littlei Gabb 

APPENDIX D 211 

donearca bla~piedi Stephenson X 

rigonarca cliffwoodensis Weller X 

. triquetra Conrad X 

. cuneiformis Conrad X 

reviarca haddonfieldensis Stephenson X 


X 

X X X X X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X X X 

X X X

21% CRETtlCEOUS FOSSILS 

PELECYPODA-Continued 

B. cz~neota (Gabb) 

Arca uniopsis Conrad 

A. rostellata Morton 

A. obesa (TVhitfield) 

Nenioarca crotaceu Conrad 

Barbatia ? cunicl~lana St,ephenson 

Striarcn congestn (Conrad) 

G1ycyniel.i~ wtortoni (Conrad) 

0. mierodcntus (\tTeller) 

G. compressa (Weller) 

Pinna. lnq?leata Conrad 

Gervilliopsis ensiforn~i.~ (Conrad) 

G. mini~~~o Whitfield 

Znoeera~n?is prozinlns Toomey 

I. quadrans Whitfield 

I. confertint-ann.ulat?~s Roemer 

I. proobliqlsu \IThitfield 

1. 1 perovalis Conrad 

Pteria petrosa (Conrad) 

P. laripes (Morton) 

P. navict~la Whitfield 

Phcloptcria dalli (Stephenson) ? 

Meleagrinella abrzipto (Conrad) 

Pltlvinites argonteus Conrad ? 

Ostrea cretnecn Morton ? 


X 

X 

X 

X X 

X X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X X X 

X X X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X X X X 

X X X X X 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X

PELECYPODA -Conti?~tted 

APPENDIX D 21:j 

0. eongesta Conrad ? X 

0. panda Morton 

0. sz~bspnttllata Forbes 

0. tectieosta Gabb 

0. faleatu Morton 

X X 

0. ntese+ateric~~ Morton 

10. nastcta illorton ' 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

0. jerseiana Stephenson 

X 

0. solenisez~s Meek 

X 

0. p'lrn~oso Morton 

X X X X X 

conuesa (Say) 

vomer (Iforton) 

zogyra po?ulerosa Roemer 

, ponderosa erraticostata Stephenson 

. eostata Say 

. costata spinifera Stephenson 

. canccllata Stephenson 

tuooli~~ani Richards X 

. sp. X 

rigonia nlortoni Whit,field. X X X X 

t 

I'. certrlia Whitficld 

'. kt~~n~iteli Weller 

Pecten te?~r~itestrts Gabb X 


X



P. whitfieldi TVeller 

P. cliffwoodensis Weller 

P. burlingtonensis Gabb 

P. bellisculpttrs (Conrad) 

P. conradi (Whitfield) 

P. quniqz~innrias Conrad 

P. parvzis (Whitfield) 

P. .uenttstus Morton 

P. craticz~lus Morton 

P. sin~plicius Conrad 

P. quinquecostata Sowerby 

Plicatz~la urtieosa Morton 

P. m~rllicaensis Weller 

P. woodburyen.sis Weller 

P. howelli Richards 

P. ferrata Stephenson 

Spondylzts gregdis (Morton) 

Dianehora eehinata (Morton) 

Liroscapha sqziolnosa Conrad 

Litnu pelacicn (Morton) 

L. tuhitfielrli Weller 

I,. lorillardensir Weller 

L. reficzilata Lyell and Forbes 

L. ntonmouth,ensis (Whitfield) 

Plagiosfoma errecta (Whitfield) 


X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X X X 

X X X 

X X 

X 

X X X X 

X 

? X X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X X X 

X X 

X X


Anon~ia aryentoriu Morton 

A. tcllinoidcs Morton 

A. radiata \\'eller 

Parnnomia scabra (Morton) 

dfytilus~smoclii Weller 

dl. oblivius Whitfield 

If. ? planus Richards 

T'olsella monmoutlbenxis (Weller) 

1'. btrrlingtonensis (Whitfield) 

1'. julia (Lea) 

1'. wenonah (\Veller) 

Crcnella serica Conrad 

C. elegnntzrla Meek and Hayden 

Lithophaga ripleyana Gabb 

L. affinis Gabb 

Pl~oladomya occidentalis Morton 

P. roemeri Whitfield 

Anatina jerseyana Weller 

A. cliffwoodensis Weller 

A. jamesburgensis Weller 

Cercmnz~a peculiaris (Conrad) 

Anatin~ya anteradiata Conrad 

it. lata (Whitfield) 

PeripZomya elliptica (Gabb) 

Corimya tenuis Whitfield 


X X X X X X X X 

X 

X X 

X X 

X X X 

X 

X X X 

X 

? 

X X 

X 

X X 

X X X 

X 

X X X 


X 

X 

X X X X 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

X X 

X



Clwigella armata Morton 

Liopistha protesta (Conrad) 

L. alternate Weller 

L. 't~mrneli Weller 

Cylnella bella tezana Stephenson 

C. imdata (Meek and Hayden) 

C?~spidaria. ventricora (Meek and Hayden) 

C. jerseyensis Weller 

l'e?~.iella conra1.i Alorton 

V. caroli~rensis aspera Stephenson 

1'. trape;ioidea Conrad 

Etea delawareasis (Gabb) 

Geloina 1 ten?cidens (Whitfield) 

An~bocardia cooki Whitfield 

Astarte vcta Conrad 

A. 1 annosn. Conrad 

Opis cleveta biangr~lata Stephenson 

Eriphyla rlecemnaria (Conrad) 

E. decliuis (Conrad) 

E. parilis (Conrad) 

Veterieorrliu crenilirata (Conrad) 

Crassatellites subplantis (Conrad) 

C. uudosns (Norton) 

C. linteus (Conrad) 

C. carolh~ensis (Conrad) 


? 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X X X X X 

? 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X X x x 

X 

X X 

? 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X ? ? ? 

X X 

X ?

APPENDIX D 21.7 

C. traasvers~rs (Gabb) X 

C. prortrs (Conrad) 

C. hodgei Stepl~cnson 

Ullrlenia conradi (JVhitficld) X X 

Sean~balu perplnita Conrad 

Corbicnlu 9 zulritfieldi Richards 

Diccras doctyloirles Jtlhitfield 

Cnprotina jerseyensis Weller 

Unienr(1izi111 zintbosati~ (Whitfield) 

LricCnn ylebrrlrc Conrad 

L. s~uorlesboroensis JVeller 

L. pirun Stephenson 

Lacinu sp 

Cnrdi~r~tl toenonuh Wcllcr 

C. e~rfn~rlc?~sis Conrad 

C. lo~~~/strecti Weller 

C. whitJielrli JVellcr 

C. cliffruoorlensi,s TVeller 

C. lorillorrlensis JVeller 

C. riple~nntr~~r Conrad 

C. spill~~zni~i Conrad 

C. K~rnt~neli \t7eller 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X X 

X 

X 

X X X 

C. anifornbis Weller X 


X 

X X 

X X



C. trilineatum Weller 

C. dumosum Conrad 

C. tenuistriatum Whitfield 

C. pilsbryi Weller 

C. sayri Richards 

C. raritanensis Richards 

Protocardium jerseyensis Weller 

Fulvia tenuis Whitfield 

Zsocardiu cliffwoodensis Weller 

I. tintonoilsis Weller 

hraritva polliciformis Stephenson 

Tenea parilis (Conrad) 

T. pinguis (Conrad) 

Dione delawarensis Gabb 

Cyprenteria densata (Conrad) 

C. excavata (Norton) 

C. depressa. (Conrad) 

C. welleri Stephenson 

Aphrodina tippana jerseyensis Richards n. suhsp. X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X X 

X X X X X X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X X x x x x 

X 

X X X 

X 

X X 

X X X 

A. cretncen (Conrad) X X 

A. et~fat~le~~sis (Conrad) X X X 

Callistina ? johnsoni (Richards) X 

I,cgumen plo.nnlatunt Conrad X 

1,. concontrictrm Stephenson X 

L. ellipticum Conrad X 


x


Tcllina georgiana Gabb 

T. gabbi Gardner 

Linearia nletastriuta Colirad 

L. ornalissima Weller 

L. contraeta Whitfield 

L. linuifera Steplleuson 

Tellinamera eboreu (Conrad) 

Aenona eufaulei~siu (Conrad) 

A. papyria Conrad 

Solyma lineolatns Conrad 

S. elliptica (Gabb) 

Leptosolen biplieata Courad 

L. ? terminalis Weller 

L. ? elongata \Yeller 

Siliqua cretacea (Gabb) 

S. ventrieosa Richards n. sp. 

Mactra pentangularis JVeller 

Cymbophora trigoi~/llis Stephenson 

C. lintea (Conrad) 

C. tellinoi/les (JVliitfielrl) 

Schizodesmaappvessa Gahb 

Corbula manleyi Wellcr 

C. manleyi duples Riellards 

C. lorillardensis Weller 

C. bisulcata Conrad 


? 

X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X X X X X X 

X 

X 

X X X X 

X 

X 

X X X X X X 

X 

X X X X X X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X X X X X X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X X 



PELECYPODA-Contint~erl 

C. foulkei Lea 

C. crassiplica Gahh 

C. cliffwoodensis Wcller 

C. jerseyensis Weller 

C. swedesboroensis JITeller 

C. greywaczi Richards 

Caryocorbda 1 ovisnnn Stephenson 

Punopea decisa Conrad 

Gastrochena wkitficldi Weller 

C. linguifornlis \\Teller 

Pholas cithara Morton 

P. pectrosa Conrad 

P. lorillardensis Richards n. sp. 

Goniochasnla sp. 

Xylophagella irregidnris (Gahb) 

X. knnl~neli Wellcr 

illortesia cretacea (Gabh) 

M. cretacea magnatliba Richards 

GASTROPODA 

Pleurotomaria crot~~loides (Morton) 

P. 9 tintonensis Whitfield 

P. woolmani (Pilsbry) 

Patella tentwinn~ Morton 


X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X X X X X 

X X X X 

X X X X X X 

X 

X


T. enerinodes Morton 

T. qfradrilirn Johnson 

T. grnnzclicostn Gabl, 

T. leno1e~ui.s TVeller 

T. Iippincotti\Vl~itficl~l 

T. trilirn Conrad 

1 T. tippnna Conrad 

T. jerseyensis Weller 

7'. lorillardensis Weller 

1 T. s~erclrnntuillensis Weller 

T. n~arslrnlltotuensi~ Weller 

I 

T. bnkeri Riellards 

T. nn{/alata Whitfie111 

7'. ct~rtn Whitfield 

7'. ? n~njor Whitfield 

Tro?]sa ? cfmicslnna Stephenson 

Anehzcrn rostrata (Gal)l~) 

A. pennnta (Morton) 

Anclrnra ? pergracilis .Tohnson 

-4. solitnrin Whitfield 

21. abnipta Conrad 

A. ltebe (Whitfield) 


GASTROPODA-Contia~ted 

Pefropo~r~a ? rovito~ltr~tt (Richards) 

Angorin anvesi?tkotsis l\Tcller 

Urceo1nhrt~))e rctio~rlnttr~ti (Jolinson) 

0bcli.sczls colte1lzt.s \Vhitfiel~l 

l',eiostracn crctrrcerc (Conra~l) 

Scnla sillntoni IIorton 

,'Y. ce!/cloafoeim (Gal111) 

S. thomasi (Gabl~) 'J 

S. kerct~les TVhit,ficld 

llorgnrites obyssista (Oal~l)) 

T,an,atia Knlli Gab11 

T,. ? pnnparatn (JVhitfield) 

An~ntrropsi.? ntecknnn \LThitfiel~l 

A. p~inctata (Gabh) 

A. cntlwaloderi Richards 

C!lrodcs ahl~ssi.nzis (Morton) 

G. sz~praplicatzrs (Conrad) 

R. pctrosus (Morton) 

PoIinices alt,i.qpirrr (Gabh) 

Senophorn Ieprosn (Norton) 

Enrlopt?lgnta uncbili(:ain (Tl~orncy) 

Lirpsa ? lepirlo Stephenson 

Tcnngodzrs pazipernfa Whitfie111 

Lnzispira l~mcbricoli~ Gahb 

Tzcrritelln 7~ertebroides illorton 

X 

X 


X 

X X X X 

X X 

X X 

X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X X 

X X 

X X 

X X 

X 

X 

X 

X

A. aresaria (Morton) 

rl. jokaso?ar Stephenson 

A. brrkeri Richards 

A. rrrritanensis Richards 

Pfe~ocerella sp. 

7'riton lorillardensis IVeller 

T. praccedens Whitfield 

Tmrlrytriton ? otlantrclim Wllitfielrl 

T. ? holn~delense Whitfield 

7'. 3 mislti~~aricosnm Whitfield 

Pl~gnellus densatzis (Conrad) 

Rostellaria curta Whitfield 

R. firaiformis Whitfield 

Rostellites tezturattrs (Whitfielrl) 

R. nn~stus (Gal)!>) 

R. oi8gulatzrz Whitfield 

Cyprnea n~mtoni Gahh 

Flercorhynchns jerseyensis lITeller 

Nopnlus retifer (Gabh) 

N. utlritfieltli (Weller) 

N. octoliratlis (Conrad) 

Naptilns lanolendis (Weller) 

P. pyruloidea (Gahb) 

P. septen~lirata (Gabb) 




GASTROPODA-Continwed 

P. corri?ta TVhitfielcl 

P. planintargi?~ota (IVl~itfiel

GASTROPODA-C~~~~+LU~~ 

Odo~ltofasrrs iupic~rs J'Thitfield 

0. ?~rucro~iala (Gabb) 

Pyriftarrs ltleelii \Vl~ittield 

P. ~~izillicac~~sis (Gabb) 

P. cz~lr~rrs \\'h itfiold 

P. ~~~rrcjerl,r?trli \\'l~itficld 

1'. errnlimis IVllitfield 

P. ? clcuntu (Whitfield) 

Scvrif?~szrs ?iodocari~~at~~s \Vhitfield 

S. crossrcickc?~sis Whitfield 

Piestocltilar bolla (Gabb) 

p. kUll.~i (Gtlbb) 

1'1rl~~ceirlrr rcile~i (\Vhitfield) 

l'ol~ilr~ilerr~tu wool~~irr+ai \'Thit.fiolrl 

1'. biplicula (Gabb) 

1'. ouala Wlritfield 

1'. ju~tiosb~rrgc?tsis \'Teller 

Tiolz~to~~~orphi~ co?~rndi (Gabb) 

1'. pmrdcrosa \\'hitfield 

1'. ~lelazuarensis (Gabb) 

Liopep111?1i cretaeczin~ Gardner 

l~iopcpl~r~r~ rrthlci I;icl~nrds 

I'nsr~lr roiruilcs '\\'l~itfield 

Titlraru 11iz~l1icrrc1rsi.s T'Tliitfield 

5'. crosstuiclie?~sis Whitfield 


X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X

?2 6 CRET:kCEOUS FOSSILS 

GASTROPODA-Continued 

Caucola slibalta (Conrad) 

Cancellaria snlocki Weller 

Palwl~t~ete pristi,na Stephensou 

Tl~rricula sealarifor~~tis JVliitficl(1 

T. lctla \\;hitfield 

Sr~rcvla strigosa Gabb 

;11;tcoi~ crctacca Gabb 

A. forbesiu~la Whitfield 

A. gabbatla (\ITliitfield) 

~\'o~rllctucor~ina sp. 

Auollai~n btcllata (Alortoii) 

A. pduga~ro Stephenson 

*I. eoatat~~ (Johllson) 

Ci~rl~liu 1la1 ieokles (Gabb) 

Elllpaoscaphu irrorto~ri D'orbcs 

Cglicklla r.octa (Gabb) 

II1111u rrracrosforr~a Gebb 

SCAPHOPODA 

Dcirtulilrir~ subareuat~~n~ Conrad 

De?rtnli~int jorscllc?rsis ltichards n. 61). 

C~~rlrrlr~s obirrtlrts Callrat1 


AMMONOIDEA 

Bacz~litcs ovuttis Say X X X 

Baczilites asper i\.Iorton X 

Ilaculites sp. X 

Ileotbites sp. X 

Bam~lites sp. X X 

A'ostoceras paccpcr (\Vhitfieltl) X X X 

~\'ostoeoras sp. X 

Cirroccras conradi (Morton) X 

Sole?tocoras an?~ulifor (Morton) X X 

~Iei~tiitcs ? aff. N. co~~aplext~s (Elall and Meek) X X 

Scn.phitcs hippoerepis (DeIiay) X 

Sccr.phites siqililis Wllitfield X 

Scnl>hilcs aff. S. loci Reeside X 

Placonticoras placenta (DcIiay) X X X X X 

Placcnticeras spillnaani I-Iyatt 4 X 

Place?~,ticcras sp. indeter~ninate X 

Nenabites (Delawarella,) delawure?~ais (illorton) X 

Submortoniceras vanuzeqni (Morton) X 

1 Barroisiceras (l'exasia) dentocari?~atu~n 

(Roemer) X 

Sphe~rodisczrs lobnt~rs ( TII~III~~) X 

~'7~1/1csi1(liscas bcci:hcri 11y;ltl 3 

BELEMNITDAE 

Belemnitella untericana (Alorton) senw lato 


228 CRETACEOUS FOSSLLS 

BELEMNITDAE-Contislied 

B. n~,iericana aelcrieana Jeletzky n. var. 

B. a~~~ericuna s~ibf?tsifor~)~~s l\'hitfield X 

B. a~~~cruana lonya Jeletzky n. ~ ar. 

B. av~lericasa polifa Jeletzl-v .I' n. var. 

X 

B. atlrertcasrc iatev.~llodia Jeletzky n. var. 

X 

B. ~ , I I C I ~ ~ C ~ 11 I I I L 

X 

B. o?lterica~~a 1) 

CRUSTACEA 

E+~oploclytio (Enoploclytia) sl~ 

E. (Palaeustacus) sp. 

E. gen. et sp. indct. 

Iloplopavia yabbi Pilsbry 

If. glndiator Pilsbry 

IZ. Sll. 

O~aeopureia 811. 

Profocalliasnssn wturto~ti (l'ilsbry) 

P. prueccpfa n. sp. 

P. cliffwoode?~sis n. sp. 

Palaeopuy1ir1is pilsbrui n. sp. 

ilrchaeoearnbtis ? whitfielili (Pilsbry) X 

I,i~rrrp,rrcts rb.h,rv(lsi n. sp. 

Sn~~lhn.si(i c1egl111s n. s11. 

fIo,~tolopsis aflantiea 11. sy 

11. dispar 11. sp. 


X 

X 

X

CRUSTACEA-Co~t iwt~etl. 

~\'ecrocnrci~ctis ralhbtr.?tac n. sp. 

Parnlcocroc(~rcinlcs gaeulca n. sy. 

Prckepcrtlrs dillcsi 11. sp. 

l'etracarci~~zis sabqlrndraftrs JVeller 

.Vofopocorustes testncea. (Ratbbun) 

liair.bcLla~ trido~s 11. sp. 

Rani?~clla sp. 

Su~rthins ? leicolc~~sis R;~t,l~bun 

I:rael~~?~ri(leaindet. 1 

Drocl~~trrirlea indet. 2 

Docnpoda i~ldct. 


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137-277. 


Plates 


PLATE 47 

Figure Page 

1. Patella tentorium Morton, Arneytown, N.J. 

ANSP 19445 x 4 ..................................................... 2 

2. Pleurotoma abbotti Gabb (TYPE) = P. crotaloides 

Morton, Mullica Hill, N.J. NJSM 7577 x 2.5 ........................... 1 

3. Delphinula navesinkensis Weller, Mullica Hill, N.J. 

NJSM 7577 x 2.5 .................................................... 4 

4. Margarites abyssina (Gabb), Lenola, N.J. 

(after Weller) x 1 ................................................... 9 

5. Margarites abyssina (Gabb), Middletown, N.J. 

(after Weller) x 1 .................................................. 9 

6. PZeurotomaria woolmani Pilsbry, Mullica Hill, N.J. 

ANSP 1625 x 0.9 ..................................................... 2 

7. Margarites abyssina (Gabb) (TYPE), Burlington 

County, N.J. ANSP 18780 x 4 ....................................... 9 

8. Leiostraca cretacea (Conrad) (TYPE), Haddonfield, 

N.J. ANSP 15585 x 4 

............................................... 

9. Lunatia hulli Gabb, Mullica Hill, N.J. 

ANSP 19640 x 1 .................................................... 10 

10. Lunatia halli Gabb, MuIlica Hill, N.J. 

ANSP 19443 x 1.2 ................................................... 10 

11. Obeliscus conellus Whitefield, Haddonfield, N.J. 

ANSP 15626 x 12 ................................................... 5 

12. Lunatia hu2li Gabl) (TYPE), Mullica Hill, N.J. 

ANSP 19637 x 2 ..................................................... 10 

13. Lunatia pauperata (Whitfield) (TYPE), Crosswicks Creek, N.J. 

NJSM 7605 x 3 ...................................................... 10 


5


PLATE 48 

Figure Page 

1. Amaliropsis meekana Whitfield, (COTYPE), Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 15159 x 3 ..................................................... 11 

2. Amauropsis punctata Gabb, Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15175 x 3 ..................................................... 12 

3. Amauropsis punctata Gabb, (TYPE), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15156 x 3 ..................................................... 12 

4. Amauropsis punctata Gabb, Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15158 x 2 .................................................... 12 

5. Gyrodes supraplicatus (Conrad), Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 15134 x 3 ..................................................... 13 

6. Gyrodes abbotti Gabb = G. abyssina (Morton), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP15145xl ...................................................... 12 

7. Gyrodes crenata Conrad = G. supraplicatus (Conrad), Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 12790 x 1.5 .................................................... 13 

8. Gyrodes ab~ssina (Morton), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15779 x 3 ..................................................... 12 

9. Gyrodes infracarinata Gabb (TYPE) = G. supraplicatus (Conrad) 

Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 15132 x 1.5 13 

............................................... 


PLATE 48 


PLATE 49 

Figure Page 

1. Gyrodes crenata Conrad = G. ~upraplicat~s, Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 12790 x 1.3 13 

................................................... 

2. Polinices altispira (Gabb), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 19638 x 2.5 ................................................... 15 

3. Gyrodes petrosus (Morton), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15138 x 2 ...................................................... 14 

4. Polinices altispira (Gab'b), New Jersey, 

ANSP 15130 x 2.5 .................................................... 15 

5. Xenophora leprosa (Morton), near Burlington, N.J., 

ANSP 15364 x 1.5 ................................................... 16 

6. Xenophora leprosa (Morton), near Burlington, N.J., 

ANSP 15364 x 1.5 .................................................... 16 

7. Endoptygma umbilicuta (Tuomey) , Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP21 x 2 ......................................................... 17 

8. Endoptygma umbilicmtla (Tuorne~) , Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP21 x 2 ......................................................... 17 

9. Turritella vertebroides Morton, New Jersey, 

ANSP 15516 x 0.9 ................................................... 19 

10. Turritella tippana Conrad, Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 19424 x 2 ..................................................... 24 

11. Turritella encrinoides Morton, New Jersey, 

ANSP 15519 x 2 ..................................................... 20 

12. Turnitella encrinoides Morton, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 15552 x 2 ..................................................... 20 

13. Turritella marshalltownensis Weller, Swedesboro, N.J., 

NJSM 7715 x 0.8 ..................................................... 27 


PLATE 49 


PLATE 50 

Figure Page 

1. Scala cyclostonta Gabb, New Jersey, 

ANSP15496x 3 ...................................................... 7 

2. Scah thomasi Ga'bb, New Jersey, 

ANSP 15499 x 3 ..................................................... 7 

3. Scala sillimaizi (Morton), Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 678 x 1.5 ...................................................... 6 

4. Turritella merchantvillensis Weller, Lenola, N.J., 

NJSM x 1 ........................................................... 26 

5. Turritella vertebroides Morton, Mt. Laurel well, N.J., 

ANSP x 2.5 ......................................................... 19 

6. Turritella quadl-ilira Johnson, Fellowship, N.J., well 

ANSP 19768 x 1 ...................................................... 21 

7. Turritella pumila Whitfield = T. encrinoides Morton ? Vincentown, N.J., 

ANSP15483x2.5 ..................................................... 20 

8. Siliquaria pauperata Whitfield, New Jersey, 

ANSP 15558 x 2.5 .................................................... 18 

9. Siliquaria pauperata Whitfield, New Jersey, 

ANSP15558 x 2 ...................................................... 18 

10. Cerithium pilsbryi Whitfield, Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 36 x 2 ......................................................... 30 

11. Anchura rostrata (Gabb), Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 19451 x 1.5 ................................................... 32 


ANSP 19451 x 3 ..................................................... 32 


PLATE ,'Q 


= > 

PLATE 51 

Figure Page 

1. Turritetla compacta Whitfield = T. gra~zulicoeta Gabb, Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 15481 x 1.25 ................................................... 21 

2. Turritella quadrilira Johnson, Mt. Laurel well, N.J., 

ANSP 690 x 3 ....................................................... 21 

3. Turritella granulicosta Gabb, Burlington, N.J., 

ANSP 15549 x 2.5 .................................................... 21 

4. Turritella lippincotti Whitfield, New Jersey, x 1.2 ..................... 22 

5. Turritella jerseyensis Weller, Cliffwood, N.J., 

NJSM 9533 x 1 ....................................................... 24 

6. Turritella lippincotti Whi-field, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP15550x 1 ...................................................... 22 

7. Turritella lorillardensis Weller, Lorillard, N.J., 


8. Turritella marslmlltownensis Weller, Swedesboro, N.J., 


9. TurriteLla tippana Conrad, Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 19424 x 1 ..................................................... 24 

10. TurriteEla marshalltownensis Weller, Swedes%oro, N.J., 

NJSM x 1 ........................................................... 27 

11. Turritella trilira Conrad, Crawfords Corner, N.J., 


12. Turritella lenolensis Weller, Lenola, N.J., x 1 (after Weller) ............ 22 

13. Turritella lorillardensis WeIler, Lorillard, N.J., x 1 (after Weller) ...... 25 


PLATE 51 


PLATE 52 

Figure Page 

1 . Scala hercules (Whitfield). Cliffwood. N.J.. x 1 (afier Weller) .......... 8 

2 . Anchura pennata (Morton). Mullica Hill. N.J., 

ANSP x 2 ........................................................... 33 

3 . Anchura abrupta Conrad. Burlington. N.J., 

ANS? 194. 54 x 1.3 ................................................... 35 

4 . Anchura hebe (WhitfieId) ?. Mullica Hill. N.J., 

ANSP 19453 x 2 ..................................................... 36 

5 . Anchura compressa Whitfield = A . pennirta (Morton) Mullica Hill. N.J., 

ANSP15046 x 1.3 .................................................... 33 

6 . Anchura hebe (Whitfield). x 1 (after Weller) ........................ 36 

7 . Anchzira hebe (Whitfield). x 1 (after Weller) ........................ 36 

8 . Anchura johnsoni Stephenson. x 2 (after Stephenson) .................... 38 

9 . Anchura johnsoni Stephenson. x 2 (after Stephenson) ................... 38 

10 . Pterocerella sp., Crawfords Corner. N.J., 


11 . Trachitriton holmdelense Whitfield. Holmdel. N.J., 

NJSM 8734x 2 ....................................................... 42 

12 . Perissolax dubia (Gabb). Mullica Hill. N.J., 



PLATE 52 


PLATE 53 

Figure Page 


ANSP 19451 x 2.5 .................................................... 32 

2. Anchzcra pennata (Morton), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15043 x 2 ...................................................... 33 

3. Anchura ? pergracilis Johnson, Mt. Laurel, N.J., 

ANSP 692 x 2.5 ...................................................... 34 

4. Anchura solitaria Whitfield, New Jersey, 

ANSP 15047 x 2 ..................................................... 34 

5. Aitchura arenaria Morton, Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 15008 x 1 ..................................................... 37 

6. Anchura penneta (Morton), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 15014 x 1.5 .................................................... 33 

7. Anchura spirata Whitfield (TYPE) = A. pennuta (Morton) 

Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 15014 x 2.5 .................................................... 33 

8. Pugnellus densatus (Conrad), Crawfords Corner, N.J., 


9. Cypraea mortoni Gzbh, Burlington, N.J., 

ANSP 13537 x 2.5 .................................................... 47 

10. Rostellaria curta Whitfield, Crosswicks Creek, N.J., 


11. Rostellaria fusiformis Whitfield, Crosswicks Creek, N.J., 


12. Perissoh dubia (Gabb), New Jersey, 

ANSP 17198 x 1.2 ................................................... 59 


PLATE 53 


PLATE 54 

Figure Page 

1-2. "PyruW precedens (Whitfield) (TYPE), (after WelIer) , HoImdeI, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 58 

3-4. Triton lorillardensis Weller (TYPE), (after Weller) , Lorillard, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 40 

5-6. Triton praecedem Whitfield (TYPE), (after Weller), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 41 

7-8. Pyrifzcsus nzeeki Whitfield (after Weller), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 70 

9-10. Herchroynclu~s jerseyensis Weller (after Weller), Cliffwood, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 47 

11. Pyropsis planirnarginata (Whitfield) (TYPE), (after Weller) , 

Crosswicks Creek, N.J., x 1 ........................................... 53 

12. Triton trochijornais (Tuomey), Evansville, N.J., 

ANSP 357 x 1 ....................................................... 54 

13. Napulus retijer (Gabb), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 13936 x 3 ..................................................... 48 

14. Pyropsis ? obesa Whitfield, 

AMNH 8851 ........................................................ 55 

15-17. Pyropsis phnimarginata (Whitfield), (after Weller), 

Crosswicks Creek, N.J., x 1 ............................................ 53 

18. Fusinus holrnesianus Gabb, Crawfords Corner, N.J., 


19. Fz~sinus cliffwoodensis (Weller) Cliffwood, N.J., 



PLATE 54 


PLATE 55 

Figure Page 

1. Pyrifusus mullicaensis (Gabb), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 14982 x 1.2 .................................................... 71 

2. Pyrifusus erraticus Whitfield, Merchantville, N.J., 

ANSP 291 x 1.2 ..................................................... 73 

3. Pyrifusus erraticus Whitfield, Merchantville, N.J., 

ANSP 291 x 1.2 ...................................................... 73 

4. Pyrifusus cuneus Whitfield (TYPE), New Jersey, 

ANSP 16868 x 1.5 .................................................... 71 

5. Pyrifusus mcfarlandi Whitfield, 

x 1 ................................................................. 72 

6. Seminola globosa (Gabb), Marlborough, N.J., 


7. Pyrifusus pyruloides Gabb, Burlington, N.J., 

ANSP 13764 x 1.2 .................................................... 51 

8. Napulus whitfieldi (Weller) , Walnford, N.J., 

NJSM 7631 x 1.5 .................................................... 4,9 

9. Pyrifusus lenolensis (Weller), Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 194.48 x 3 ..................................................... 50 

10. Pyrifz~sus lenolensis (Weller), Lenola, N.J., 


11. Napulus octoliratus (Conrad), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 17125 x 3.5 .................................................... 49 

12. Pyrifusus richardsoni (Tuomey) , New Jersey, 

x 1 ................................................................. 51 

13. Pyrifusus perlata Conrad = P. richardsoni (Tuomey) , Evansville, N.J., 

ANSP 363, 374 x 1 .................................................. 51 

14. P~rifusus septemlirata (Gabb) , Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 2496 x 0.8 ..................................................... 52 


PLATE 55 


PLATE 56 

Figure Page 

1. Pyropsis septcmlirata (Gabb), Mullica Hill, N. J., 

..................................................... 

NJSM 10092 x 1 52 

2. Pyropsis septemlirata (Gabb), Mullica Hill, N.J., 


3. Pyropsis trochijormis (Tuomey), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 13765 x 2 ..................................................... 54 

4. Fusinus holmesianus Gabb, Crawfords Corner, N.J., 


5. Turbinella alabamensis (Gabb) , New Jersey 

.................................................... 

ANSP 17117 x 1.1 65 

6. Volutoderma ovata Wbitfield, Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 


7. Liopeplum cretacea (Conrad), Crosswicks, N.J., 

..................................................... 

ANSP 14606 x 2 83 

8. Liopeplrim ruhlei Richards (TYPE), Fellowship, N.J., 

ANSP 19764 x 1 ..................................................... 83 

9. Rostellites nasutus (Gabb) , Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14415 x 1 ...................................................... 45 

10. Rostellites angulata Whitfield, New Jersey, 

................................................... 

ANSP 14391 x 0.5 46 


PLATE 56 


PLATE 57 

Figure Page 

1-2. Pyropsis reileyi Whitfield = P. trochofosmis, (after Weller), Holmdel, 

N.J.,xl ............................................................ 55 

3-5. Trachitriton ? multivaricosum Whitfield (after Weller) , 

Crosswicks Creek, N.J., x 1 .......................................... 42 

6-7. Fusinus holindelensis (Whitfield) (after Weller) , Holmdel, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 62 

8-9. Fusinus lorrillardensis (Weller) (after Weller), Lorillard, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 62 

10-11. Laxispira lumbricalis Gabb, (after Weller), Lorillard, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 18 

12-13. Trachitriton ? atlanticum Whitfield (after Weller), 

Crosswicks Creek,N.J.,x 1 ........................................... 41 

14. Serrifusus nodocarinatus Whitfield (after Weller), Holmdel, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................ 74 

15. "Fasciolaria" ? obliquicostata Gabb (after Weller), Lorillard, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 68 

16. Euthria ? fragilis Whitfield, Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 16867 x 2.5 ................................................... 60 


PLATE 57 


r-

PLATE 58 

Figure Page 

1. Serrifusus crosswickensis Whitfield, Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 


2. Bellifusus medians (Whitfield), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 16866 x 2.5 .................................................... 63 

3. Bellifusus medians (Whitfield), Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 19459 x 2 ..................................................... 63 

4. Bellifusus medians (Whitfield), Yardville, N.J., 

ANSP 19461 x 2.25 ................................................... 63 

5. Odontofusus typicus Whitfield, Cream Ridge, N.J., 

NJSM10093x2 ...................................................... 69 

6. 0. mucronota (Ga'bb), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14382 x 1.5 .................................................... 69 

7. Bellifusus slacki (Gabb) , Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 13822 x 1.5 .................................................... 64 

8. Bellifusus slacki (Gabb) , Evaiisville, N.J., 

ANSP 362 x 2 ....................................................... 64 

9. Odontoffusus mucronuta (Gabb), Cream Ridge, N.J., 

ANSP 19458 x 1.5 .................................................... 69 

10. Turbinella intermedia Weller, Maple Shade, N.J., 

ANSP 19460 x 5 ..................................................... 65 

11. Turbinella intermedia Weller, Lenola, N.J., 



PLATE 58 


PLATE 59 

Figure Page 

1. Turbinella alabamensis (Galib), (after Weller), Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

x 1 ............................................................... 65 

2. Turbinella parva Gabb, Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 25 x 6 ........................................................ 66 

3. Turbinella subconica Gabb, Monmouth Co., N.J., 

ANSP 14256 x 1.5 .................................................... 6'7 

4-5. Vaslim conoides Whitfield (after Weller), Walnford, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 84 

6-7. Volutoderma jan~esburgensis Weller (after Weller), Jameshurg, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 79 

8. Volutoderlna biplicata (Gabb) (after Weller), Crawfords Corner, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 78 

9. Volutodernza woolmani Whitfield, Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 37 x 2 ........................................................ 78 

10. Volutomorpha conradi (Gabb), Burlington Co., N.J., 

ANSP 14385 x 1 ..................................................... 80 

11. Volutoderma biplicata (Gabb), Burlington Co., N.J., 

ANSP 14420 x 1 ..................................................... 78 

12. Lunatia halli Gabb, Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 19443 x 2.5 ................................................... 10 

13-14. Volutoderma ovata Whitfield (after Weller), Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 79 


PLATE 59 


PLATE 60 

Figure Page 

1. Volutomorpha gabbi Whitfield = V. conradi (Gabb) (after Whitfield), 

Holmdel, N.J., x 1 .................................................... 80 

2. Volutomorpha ponderosa Whitfield, Atlantic Highlands, N.J., 

.................................................... 

NJSM 10041 x 0.8 81 

3. Volutomorpha conradi (Gabb), Crosswicks, N.J., 

..................................................... 

ANSP 14375 x 0.9 80 

4,. Volutomorpha delamrensis (Gabb) , Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, 

ANSP 14266 x 0.75 .................................................... 82 

5. Volutomorpha gabbi Whitfield (TYPE) V. conradi (Gabb), 

Mullica Hill, N.J., .................................................... 

ANSP 14374 x 0.75 80 


PLATE 60 


PLATE 61 

Figure Page 

1. Vol~~tomorphu conrudi (Gabb), Chesapealte & Delaware Canal, 

USNM x 0.9 ......................................................... 80 

2. Piestochilus bella Gabb ?, Timber Creek, N.J., 

ANSP 14395 x 0.9 .................................................... 75 

3. Piestochilus bella Gabb (TYPE), Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, 

ANSP14612 x 2 ...................................................... 75 

4. Piestochilus kaitei (Gabb), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14381 x 2 ..................................................... 76 

5. Piestochilus lianei (Gabb), Cleineiiton, N.J., 

ANSP19999 x 2 ...................................................... 76 

6. Rostellites teaturdus (Whitfield), Lenola, N.J., 

ANSP 33 x 0.67 ...................................................... 45 

7. Pyrifusus mullicaeitsis ( Gabb) , 

x 1.5 ................................................................ 71 

8. Caveola subaltu (Conrad), Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 14961 x 5 ..................................................... 86 

9. Cancellaria smocki Weller, Lorillard, N.J., 


10. Rostellites nasutus (Gabb) (TYPE), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14415 x 0.75 ................................................... 45 


PLATE 61 


PLATE 62 

Figure Page 

1. Turricula leda Whitfield (TYPE) (after Weller), Freehold, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 89 

2. Turricula scalariformis Whitfield (TYPE) (after Weller), Holmdel, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 88 

3. Piestochilus rheileyi (Whitfield) (TYPE) (after Weller), Freehold, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 77 

4-5. Turbinopsis angulata Whitfield (TYPE) (after Weller), Crosswicks, N.J., 

x 1 ................................................................. 29 

6-7. Turbinopsis ? major Whitfield (TYPE) (after Weller), 

Navesink Hills, N.J., x 1 ............................................. 30 

8. Turbinopsis elevata = T. curta Whitfield (after Weller), 

Mullica Hill, N.J., x 1 ................................................ 29 

9. Cithara mullicaensis Whitfield, Branch of Crosswicks Creek near 

Hornerstown, N.J., 

ANSP 19565 x 2 ..................................................... 84 

10. Turbinopsis depressa Gabb, New Jersey, 

ANSP 19456 x 3 ..................................................... 28 

11. Turbinopsis depressa Ga'bb, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14968 x 2 ..................................................... 28 

12. Cithara crossu;ickensis Whitfield, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 19701 x 2 ..................................................... 85 

13. Turbinopsis curta Whitfield, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14966 x 2 .................................................... 29 

14. Pyrifusus ? elevata = curta (Whitfield), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14964 x 2 ...................................................... 73 

15. Morea naticella (Gabb) , New Jersey, 

ANSP 14972 x 2 ..................................................... 56 



PLATE 63 

Figure Page 

1. Morea plicata (Whitfield), Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 14967 x 2 ..................................................... 57 

2. Cithara mutlicaensis Whitfield, New Jersey ............................. 84 

34. Acteon cretacea Ga'bb, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 18778 x 3 ..................................................... 90 

5. Acteon forbesiana Whitfield, 

ANSP 18777 x 4 ..................................................... 91 

6. Acteon gab'barm (Whitfield), Tinton Falls, N.J., 

ANSP 19467 x 3 ..................................................... 91 

7. Acteon gabbana (Whitfield) (TYPE), New Jersey, 

ANSP 19466 x 3 ..................................................... 91 

8.9. Avellana bullma (Rlorton), New Jersey 

ANSP 19702 x 1 ..................................................... 92 

10-11. Nonacteonina sp. (after Weller), Matawan, N.J., 

x 1 .................................................................. 92 

12. Avellana costata (Johnson) (after Johnson), Mt. Laurel, N.J., well 

x 8.5 ................................................................ 94 


PLATE 63 


PLATE 64 

Figure Page 

1. Surcula strigosa Gabb (TYPE), Holmdel, N.J., 


2. "Fasciolaria" ? obliquicostata Gabb, North Carolina, 

ANSP 2308 x 0.8 ..................................................... 68 

3. Cinulia naticoides (Gabb) , Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP 18784 x 4 ..................................................... 95 

4. Trachitriton atlanticum Whitfield, New Jersey, 

x 1 ............................................................... 41 

5. Cylichna recta Gabb, Burlington County, N.J., 

ANSP 18782 x 5 ..................................................... 96 

6. Cypraea mortoni Gabb (TYPE), Burlington County, N.J., 

ANSP 13537 x 2.5 ..................................................... 47 

7. C~lichna recta Gabb, Burlington County, N.J., 

ANSP 18782 x 4.5 .................................................... 96 

8. Volutoderma sp. "New Jersey" 

x 1 .................................................................. 

9. Ellipsoscapha mortoni (Forbes), Mullica Hill, N.J., 

ANSP20000x4 ...................................................... 95 

10. Bulla macrostoma (Gabb), (after Weller), Middletown, N.J-, 

x 1 ................................................................. 97 


PLATE 64 


PLATE 65 

Figure Page 

1-2. Eutrephoceras dekayi perlaturn (Morton). Ventral and lateral views of a 

somewhat distorted internal mold. Burlington County, N.J., 

ANSP 19680 x 0.9 ................................................... 106 

3. Ventral view of pustulous specimen of same species. About 1.5 miles 

north-northeast of Cheyenne River bridge between Wall and Wasta, South 

Dakota. 

State Univ. Iowa 4228 x 1 ........................................... 106 

4. Similar specimen from near Glendive, Montana. 

State Univ. Iowa 4229 x 1.5 .......................................... 106 

5-6. Eutrephoceras dekayi dekayi (Morton). Ventral and lateral views (draw- 

ings). Navesink marl of Burlington or Monmouth County, New Jersey. 

(after Whitfield) ANSP 19484 x 0.9 .................................. 105 


NEW JERSEY PLATE 65 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PLATE 66 

Figure Page 

1-2. Eutrephoceras dekayi dekayi (Morton). Ventral and lateral views of an 

essentially conlplete mature specimen from the Pierre shale of Montana. 

Most of the phragmacone of this individual is testiferous, but the adoral 

portion of the phragmacone and all of the body chamber are decorticated. 

ANSP 19683 x 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 


PLATE 66 


PLATE 67 

Figure Page 

1-3. Eutrephoceras dekayi perlaturn (Morton). Three views of an internal 

mold from Prairie Bluff chalk, southeast of State College, Mississippi 

State Univ. Iowa 4223 x 1.5 ......................................... 106 

4-5. Two views of a small immature specimen, an internal mold, of the same 

species from the Navesink marl at Glassboro, N.J. 

State Univ. Iowa 8741 x 2 ............................................ 106 

6. Eutrephoceras dehyi (Morton). Extreme apical part of the conch of a 

specimen from the Pierre shale at Iron Butte, near Glendive, Montana. 

State Univ. Iowa 4235 x 5 ............................................ 102 

7-9. Eutrephoceras dekayi akesense Reeside. Three views of an internal mold 

from the Pierre shale of Montana, presumably in the area south of 

Glendive. 

ANSP 19682 x 1 105 

.................................................... 


PLATE 67 


PLATE 68 

Figure Page 

1-3. Baculites ovatus Say. Possible remainder of Say's type specimen, side, 

siphonal and apical views. In tray with specimens from 9t. Georges, 

Delaware. 

ANSP x 1 .......................................................... 113 

4. Baculites ovatus Say. Copy of Morton's figure of Say's type specimen. 

Navesink Hills, N.J., (Navesink formation) .......................... 113 

5-7. Baculites sp. Side, siphonal and septa1 views of a specimen figured by 

Morton, St. Georges, Del. (Mount Laurel-Navesink formation) 

ANSP 19496-A x 1 ................................................. 117 

8-9. Baculites sp. Holmdel, N.J., (after Weller) .......................... 117 

10-13. Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield). Side, bottom, top and side views of 

HOLOTYPE. Navesink Hills, N.J., 

NJSM 7659 x 1 ..................................................... 118 


PLATE 68 


PLATE 69 

Figure Page 

1-3. Menzcites? aff. M. complexus (Hall and Meek), Side, front and rear views 

of specimen collected by Gabb. Burlington County, N.J., 

ANSP 19586 x 1 .................................................... 122 

4-6. Same. Side, siphonal, and septa1 views of specimen figured by Whitfield. 

Locality unknown. 

NJSM 9721 x 1 ..................................................... 122 

7-9. Nostocera sp. Two siphonal and side views of a sinistral retroversal 

living chamber. Navesink Hills, N. J. 

USNM 7756-B x 1 ................................................... 119 

10-12. Same. Two siphonal and side views of a dextral retroversal living 

chamber. Navesink Hills, N.J. 

USNM 7756-A x 1 ................................................... 119 


PLATE 69 


PLATE 70 

Figure Page 

1-3. Cirroceras conradi (Morton). Top, bottom and side views of a cast of 

the HOLOTYPE. Arneytown, N.J., (Navesink formation) 

USNM 1800 x 1 ................................................... 120 

4-6. Same. Top, bottom, and side views of a specimen figured by Whitfield. 

Arneytown, N.J., 

ANSP 19491 x 1 .................................................... 120 

7. Scaphites similis Whitfield. Merchailtville formation; locality unknown. 

(after Whitfield) x 1.. ............................................. 126 

8-10. Solenoceras annulifera (Morton). Siphonal, anti-siphonal, and side views 

of the HOLOTYPE. Deep Cut, Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, Summit 

Bridge, Del. 

ANSP 4189 x 2 121 

..................................................... 

11-12. Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay) . Side and back views of Morton's HOLO- 

TYPE of Scaphites reniformis. Grove Mill, near Bordentown, N.J., 

(Merchantville formation) 

ANSP 19499 x 2 ................................................... 124 


PLATE 70 


PLATE 71 

Figure Page 

1-5. Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay). Front, side, top, back and bottom 

views of HOLOTYPE of S. cuvieri Morton; 

ANSP 19483; Deep cut of Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, Summit 

Bridge, Del. x 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 

6-7. Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay). Side and front views of a specimen 

figured by Whitfield; 

ANSP 19498; New Jersey (exact locality and horizon not known). x 1 . 124 

8-11. Scaphites aff. S. leei Reeside. Bottom, end, and two side views of speci- 

men figured by Whitfield as S. nodosus Owen; 

NJSM 9030; Merchantville formation, locality unknown. x 1 . . . . . . . . . . 126 


PLATE 71 


PLATE 72 

Figure Page 

1-3. Menabites (Delawarella) delawarensis (Morton). Front, side, and back 

views of specimen figured by Whitfield; 

ANSP 19498; Merchantville formation, locality unknown. x 1 . . . . . . . . . 131 

4-5. Submortoniceras vanuxemi (Morton). Side and back views of HOLO- 

TYPE ; 

ANSP 19492. Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, Del. x 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 

6-7. Phcenticeras placenta (DeKay). Side and front views of specimen 

thought to have been figured by Whitfield; 

ANSP 19490. Horizon and locality not known. x 1/2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 


PLATE 72 


PLATE 73 

Figure Page 

1-3. Menabites (Delawarellal delawarensis (Morton). End, side, and back 

views of specimen figured by Gardner. Unnumbered. 

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (Crosswicks formation) x 1 . . . . . . . . . . 131 

4-5. Menabites (De2awarella) delau~arensis (Morton). Front and back views 

of specimen figured by Whitfield and Weller; 

ANSP 19489. Matawan group, locality unknown. x 1 (See also Plate 

74 fig. 2) ... . . . .. . . . . . ..... . ... .. . .. .. . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 

6-7. PEacenticeras spillmani Hyatt? Two views of fragment referred provi- 

sionally by Hyatt to P. spillmani. 

YMP 171-A, Burlington, N.J., (formation unknown). x 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 


PLATE 73 


PLATE 74 

Figure Page 

1. Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey) . Copy of suture figured by Weller, Tinton 

Falls, N.J., (Tinton formation). 

x 1 (See also Plate 75, figure 3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 

2. Menabites (Delazoarella) delatuarensis (Morton). Side view of specimen 

figured by Whitfield and Weller; 

ANSP 19485; Matawan formation, locality unknown. x 1 (See also Plate 

73, figures 4, 5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 


PLATE 74 


PLATE 75 

Figure Page 

1-2. Sphenodiscus beecheri Hyatt. Side and end views of specimen assigned 

by Hyatt to this species; 

YPM 200, Birmingham, N.J., (Tinton formation) x 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 

3. Sphenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey). Copy of figure given by Weller. 

Tinton Falls, N.J., (Tinton formation). 

x 1 (See also Plate 74, figure 1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 


PLATE 75 


PLATE 76 

Figure Page 

la-le. Belemnitella americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. LEC- 

TOTYPE. Fig. la. Ventral view; Fig. lb. Left lateral view; Fig lc. Dorsal 

view; Fig. Id. Right lateral view; Fig. le. Cross section at the level of 

fracture visible within guard's apical quarter "v" marks ventral side. 


ANSP 22 x 1 141 

.................................................... 

2. B. americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Inside view of 

longitudinally split guard. New Jersey, 

ANSP402 x 1 .................................................... 141 

3. B. americanu (Morton) var. americanu Jeletzk~ n. var. Ventral view of 

juvenile specimen. Barnsboro, New Jersey, 

ANSP 17119/1 x 1 ................................................ 141 

4a-4c. B. americana (Morton) cf. var. subfusiformis Whitfield. Juvenile speci- 

men. Fig. 4a. Dorsal aspect; 4b-4c. Two lateral aspects. New Jersey, 

ANSP 19489 x 1 .................................................. 148 

5. B. americana (Morton) var. americar~a Jeletzky n. var. Juvenile specimen. 

Ventral view. New Jersey, 

ANSP /1 x 1 .................................................... 141 

6a-6b. B. americana (Morton) var. americaiaa Jeletzky 11. var. Half grown 

specimen. Barnsboro, New Jersey, 

ANSP 17119/2 x 1 ................................................ 141 

7. B. americana (Morton) var. americ~na Jeletzky n. var. Half grown 

specimen. Barnsboro, New Jersey, 

ANSP 17119/3 x 1 ............................................... 141 


PLATE 76 


PLATE 77 

Figure Page 

la-lc. Eelernnitella americana (Morton) uar. intermedia Jeletzky n. var. 

HOLOTYPE. Fig. la. Ventral view; Fig. lb. Lateral view; Fig. lc. 

Inside view of longitudinally split guard. Arneytown, New Jersey, 

ANSP 9/3 x I ................................................... 155 

22-2c. B. americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 2a. Ventral 

view; Fig 2b. Lateral view showing the inside of aleveolus; Fig. 2c. 

Dorsal view. 1.2 miles east of Mnrlboro, New Jersey, 

USNM 16287/1 x 1 ................................................ 

3a-3c. Belemnitella americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 

3a. Ventral view; Fig 3b. Lateral view; Fig. 3c. Cross section of guard 

at the level of horizontal dashed line. "v" marks ventral side. Arney- 

town, New Jersey, 

ANSP 9/2 x 1 .................................................... 141 

4a-4e. B. americana (Morton) var. longa Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 4a. Ventral 

view; Fig 4b. Inside view of longitudinally split guard; Fig. 4c. Lateral 

view. Schenck's Farm, Cream Ridge, New Jersey, 

Jeletzky's Coll., Ottawa. x 1 ....................................... 153 

5a-5c. B. americana (Morton) n. var. indet. A. Fig 5a. Ventral view; Fig. 5b. 

Lateral view; Fig. 5c. Lateral view showing the inside of very deep 

alveolus. Sewell, New Jersey, 

ANSP 2493 x 1 .................................................. 157 


PLATE 77 


PLATE 78 

Figure Page 

la-lc. Belemrzitella anzericarw (Morton) var. sl~bfusiformis Whitfield. 

HOLOTYPE. Fig. la. Ventral view; Fig. lb. Lateral view showing the 

inside of alveolus; Fig. Ic. Lateral view of the other side of guard. 

New Jersey, 

ANSP 19488 x 1 .................................................. 148 

2a-2c. B. americana (Morton) var. subfusi~ormis Whitfield. Same views as 

last. Sclienck's Farm, Cream Ridge, Rew Jersey, 

Jeletzky's Coll., Ottawa, 1/5 x 1 .................................... 148 

3a-3c. B. americana (Morton) var. subfusiformis Whitfield. Fig. 3a. Ventral 

view; Fig. 3b. Laterial view showing outline of alveolus; Fig. 3c. Inside 

view of alveolus. Nutt Farm, near New Egypt, New Jersey. 

Jeletzky's Coll., Ottawa, 2/2 x 1 .................................... 148 

4a-4b. B. americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Same guard as 

in PI. 76, Fig. 2. Fig. 4a. Ventral view; Fig. 4b. Dorso-lateral view. 


ANSP 402 x 1 ................................................... 141 

5a-5c. B. americana (Morton) var. longa Jeletzky n. var. HOLOTYPE. Fig. 

5a. Ventral view; Fig. 5b. Lateral view; Fig. 5c. Lateral view showing 

the inside of alveolus. Cream Ridge, New Jersey. 

Jeletzky7s Coll. 1/2 x 1 ............................................ 153 

6a-6c. B. americana (Morton) var. polita Jeletzky n. var. HOLOTYPE. Fig. 

6a. Ventral view; Fig. 6b. Lateral view showing outline of alveolus; 

Fig. 6c. Inside view of alveolus. South bank, Chesapeake and pelaware 

Canal near St. Georges, Del. 

ANSP 2/1 x 1 ................................................... 154 


PLATE 78 


PLATE 79 

Figure Page 

la-Id. l3elemnitella americarza (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky 11. var. Fig. 

la. Ventral view; Fig. 16. Lateral view; Fig. Ic. Lateral view showing 

the inside of alveolus; Fig. Id. Cross section at the level of hori- 

zontal fracture visible at guard's middle. "v" marks ventral side. 


Jeletzky's Coll., Ottawa x 1 ........................................ 141 

2. B. anzericana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Drawing of 

longitudinal polished plate. 1.8 miles west by north of Hornerstown, 


USNM 16284/68 x 1 141 

.............................................. 

3a-3b. B. americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 3a. Drawing 

of inside of the lollgitudinally split guard; Fig. 3b. Cross section at the 

level of dashed horizol~tal line. "v" marks ventral side. Nutt Farm, 

3.5 miles northeast of New Egypt, New Jersey. 

USNM 17220/4 x 1 ............................................... 141 

4. B. americar~a (Morton) var. sz~bfusiformis Whitfield. Drawing of inside 

of the longitudinally split guard. Near New Egypt, New Jersey. 

USNM 286/9 x 1 ................................................. 148 

5a-5b. B. americalza (Morton) var. lorzga Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 5a. Drawing of 

inside of the longitudinally split guard; Fig 5b. Cross section at the 

level of horizontal line. "v" marks ventral side. Biggs Farm near St. 

Georges, Del. 

ANSP x 1 ....................................................... 153 

6a-6c. B. americazta (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Fig. 6a. Ventral 

view; Fig. 6b. Dorso-lateral view of other side showing; Fig. 6c. Lateral 

view showing the inside of alveolus; 1.8 miles west by north of 

Hornerstown, New Jersey. 

USNM 16284/4 x 1 ................................................ 141 

7. B. americana (Morton) var. americana Jeletzky n. var. Photograph of 

longitudinal polished plate. Arneytown, New Jersey. 

ANSP 9/1 x 1 ................................................... 141 

8a-8e. B. americana (Morton) n. var. indet. B. Fig. 8a. Ventral view; Fig. 8b. 

Lateral view; Fig. 8c. Lateral view showing the inside of alveolus. 


Jeletzky's Coll. x 1 ............................................... 158 


PLATE 79 


PLATE 80 

Figure Page 

1-2. Enoploclytia (Enoplocytia ) sp. Occludent and side views of finger; 

Summit Bridge, Del., 

WFIS 17081 x 2 ................................................... 163 

3-5. Enoplocytia (Palaeastacus) sp. Occludent, upper, and side views of 

dactylus; Summit Bridge, Del., 

WFIS 17079 x 1.5 ................................................. 164 

6. Enoploclytia su'bgen. and sp. indet. Fragment of manus; Summit 

Bridge, Del., 

ANSP 19734 x 1 164 

................................................. 

7-8. Hoploparia gladiator Pilsbry. Outer and lower views of maims; Sum- 

mit Bridge, Del., 

WFIS 17087 x 2 .................................................. 166 

9-10. Protocalliunassa praecepta Roberts n. sp. Fig. 9. Outer view of major 

palm and proximal portion of dactylus. Fig. 10. Inner view of minor 

chela; Maple Shade, N.J,, 

WFIS 17092 x 3 .................................................. 172 

11-14. Oncopareia sp. Figs. 11,12. Occludent and side views WFIS 17094; Figs. 

13,14. Occludent and side view-s; WFIS 17093 Maple Shade, N.J., 

x3 ................................................................ 168 


PLATE 80 


Figure 

PLATE 81 

Hoploparia gabbi Pilsbry. 

1-2. Lateral and dorsal views of trunk; x 1. 

ANSP 19748. 

3. Lateral view of carapace; x 1.5. 

WFIS 16944. 

4. Lateral view of abdominal somites; x 1.5. 

WFIS 16942. 

5. Outer view of manns and carpus; x 1. 

ANSP 19749. 

Page 

6-7. Upper and inned views of chela; x 1. 

WFIS 16940. Maple Shade, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 

I'rotocallianassa mortoni (Pilsbr~ 1. 

8. Outer view of major cllela, carpus, and merus; x 1. 

WFIS 10095. 

Crosswicks, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


PLATE 81 


Figure 

PLATE 82 

Hoploparia gladiator Pilsbry. 

1-2. Lateral and dorsal views of carapace; x 1.5. 

WFIS 17085. 

3-4. Cuneiform propodus, occludent and outer views; x 1. 

WFIS 17086. 

Page 

7-8. Fixed finger of rectangular propodus; x 1. 

WFIS 17086. 

Summit Bridge, Delaware. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 

Hoploparia sp. 

5-6. Upper and outer views of manus; x 3/4. 

YPM No. 17905. 

Hornerstown, New Jersey. . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


PLATE 82 


Figure 

PLATE 83 

ProtocalEianassa mortoni (Pilsbry) . 

1.3. Outer, upper, and inner views of syntype major propodus; x 2. 

ANSP 19669. 


4-5. Upper and inner views of minor propodus; x 2. 

YPM 126, Redfield colI. 


Page 

6. Outer view of minor chela; x 2. 

YPM 126, Redfield coll. 

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 

ProtocaELiaizassa praecepta Roberts n. sp. 

7-10. Holotype WFIS 17099. Outer, lower, inner, and upper views of major 

propodus ; x 3. 

11-12. Outer and inner views of major manus and distal portion of carpus; 

x 3. 

WFIS 17100. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey. 

13-15. Upper, outer, and inner views of minor manns; x 3. 

ANSP 20033. 

Crosswicks, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 


PLATE 83 


Figure 

PLATE 84 

Pro~t'ocalliarmssa cliflwoodensis Roberts 11. sp. 

1. Holotype dorsal plate. PU 78452. Mold of the interior; x 3. 

2. Same specimen as Fig. 1 showing holotype mold of dorsal plate, major 

manus, carpus and merus; x 1. 

3. Dorsal plate and abdominal somites; x 1. 

PU 78455. 

4. Minor chela, carpus, and merus; x 1. 

PU 78454. 

5. Major propodus, and carpus; x 1. 

PU 78453. 

6. Dorsal plate, propodus, and dactylus; x 1. 

PU 78456. 

Cliffwood, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Page

PLATE 84 


Figure 

PLATE 85 

Palaeopagurus pilsbryi Roberts n. sp. 

1-2. Inner and outer views of chela; x 2. 

WFIS 17096. 

Page 

3-4. Holotype. WFIS 17095. Upper and outer views of propodus. x 2. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey. .......................................... 174 

Archaeocarabus? whitfieldi (Pilsbry) . 

5-6. Holotype. ANSP 4693. Side and upper views of manus. x 1.5. 

"Bnrlington County," New Jersey. ................................. 175 

Paranecrocmcinus gamma Roberts n. sp. 

7-8. Holotype. ANSP 20031. Right front profile and dorsal views of cara- 

pace. x 2.5. 

11. Steinkern. x 2. 

ANSP 19721. 

Maple Shade,New Jersey. ......................................... 182 

Notopocorystes (Cretacoranina) testacea (Rathbun) . 

9-10. Holotype. CCNY. Ventral and dorsal views of carapace. x 1. 

.................................... 

Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey. 185 

Necrocarcinus rathbunae Roberts n. sp. 

12. Cast of the interior of a carapace. x 1.5. 

YPM 20025. 

Lorillard, New Jersey. 

.......................................... 


PLATE 85 


Figure 

PLATE 86 

Lir~uparus (Podocra~usi richardsi Roberts n. sp. 

1-2. Holotype. ANSP 19739. Dorsal and lateral view of carapace. x 1.5. 

3. Cephalic portion of carapace. 

ASNP 19742. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Page

PLATE 86 


PLATE 87 

Figure Page 

Neerocareinus rathbzcnae Roberts n. sp. 

1-2. Holotype. WFIS 17078. Dorsal and lateral views of carapace. x 3. 

Summit Bridge, Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 

Tetracmcinus subquadratus Weller. 

3. Male sternum and appendages of first abdominal somite. x 3.5. 

YPM 5748a. 

Lorillard, New Jersey. 

4-5. Mold of exterior and cast of interior of carapace. x 1.5. 

WFIS 17075,17076. 

Cliffwood, New Jersey. 

6. Syntype. NJSM 7788. Dorsal view of carapace. x 3. 

Cliffwood Point, New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 


PLATE 87 


Figure 

PLATE 88 

Xanihias? lenolensis Rathbun. 

Outer, inner, and views propodus. 

WFIS 17105. 

Page 

4. Holotype. ANSP 12804. Inner view of manus. x 3. 

Maple Shade, N. J. ................................................. 189 

Raninella tridens Roberts n. sp. 

5-6. Holotype. ANSP 19737. Dorsal and ventral views of carapace. x 3. 

Summit Bridge, Delaware. .......................................... 187 

Brachyuridea indet. I. 

7. Outer view of manus and carpus. x 2.5. 

WFIS 17101. 

8-10. Outer, inner, and upper views of propodus. x 3. 

WFIS 17102. 

Summit Bridge, Delaware. .......................................... 189 


PLATE 88 


PLATE 89 

Figure Page 

Xanthosia elegans Roberts n. sp. 

1.3. Holotype. WFIS 17108. Dorsal and ventral views of carapace. x 3-2/3. 

Summit Bridge, Delaware. ......................................... 177 

Prehepatus dilbi Roberts n. sp. 

2. Holotype. ANSP 19728. Outer view of manus nad dactylus. x 4. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey ........................................... 183 

Homolopsis atlantica Roberts n. sp. 

4. Holotype. ANSP 20029. Dorsal view of carapace. x 2.5. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey .......................................... 179 

Homolopsis dispar Roberts n. sp. 

5. Holotype. ANSP 20030. Dorsal view of carapace. x 2%. 

Maple Shade, New Jersey .......................................... 180 


PLATE 89 


PLATE 90 

Figure Page 

1. Xenohelix ? jerseyensis Raliisdell n. sp. Side view showing peripheral 

tube and the impressed area where peripheral tube is broken away. Cliff- 

wood Beach, NJ., 

x %. Princeton Univ. ....................................... 43 (Part 1) 

2. Xenohelix ? jerseyensis Rainsdell n. sp. Oblique view showing the 

umbilicus-like depression at base of the axis of coiling and the outline 

of end of larger whorl in cross section. Cliffwood Beach, N.J., 

x 3/4. Princeton Univ. ....................................... 43 (Part 1) 

3-5. Pyropsis corrina Whitfield (after Whi'field) . 

x 0.8 .............................................................. 53 

6-8. Pyropsis trnchiformis (Tuorney) (after Whitfield). 

x 0.8 .............................................................. 54 

7. Pyropsis reileyi (Whitfield (after Whitfield). 

x 0.8 .............................................................. 55 


PLATE 96 


PLATE 91 

Figure Page 

1. Dentaliurn inornaturn Wade, Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 18673 x 3.5 .................................................... 100 

2. D. subarctuaturn Conrad, Lenola, N.J., 

....................................................... 

ANSP 23 x 3.5 99 

3. Cadulus obnutus Conrad (TYPE) Haddonfield, N.J., 

ANSP 19502 x 9 ..................................................... 99 

4. D. inornaturn Wade, Mount Laurel, N.J. (well) 

...................................................... 

ANSP 671 x 10 100 

5. C. obnotus Conrad, Haddonfield, N.J., 

.................................................... 

ANSP 19503 x 10 99 

6. D. subarctuatum Conrad, Vincentown, N.J., 

ANSP 2220 x 6 ....................................................... 99 

7. D. subarcuatum Conrad, Crosswicks, N.J., 

ANSP 19504 x 10 .................................................... 99 



PLATE 92 

Figure Page 

1. Heteropora americana Richards n. sp. PARATYPE, Core 16 

(1648 feet) ; longitudinal section. x 7.5. .............................. 201 

2. Heteropora americana Richards n. sp. PARATYPE, Core 16 

(1648 feet) ; cross section. x 7.5. ..................................... 201 

3-4. Nucleopygus ? galtagheri Richards n. sp., HOLOTYPE, 

Mullica Hill, N.J. x 1. ............................................. 200 


PLATE 92 


PLATE 93 

Figure Page 

1 . Serpula implicata Stephenson . x 2 ................................. 200 

2 . Hamulz~s intermedius Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE x 2 .............. 200 

3.4 . Trochocyathussp.x4 .............................................. 199 

5 . Heteropora americana Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 2 ............... 201 

6 . Linearia transcontinentalis Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 3 ........... 205 

7 . Exogyra tvoolmani Richards . x 4 ................................... 203 

8 . Idonearca ? harrisvillensis Richards n . sp . COTYPE . x 2 ............. 202 

9.12 . Idonearcu ? harrisvillensis Richards n . sp . COTYPE . x 2 ............. 202 

10.11 . Breviarca ruhlei Richards n sp . HOLOTYPE . x 2 ................... 201 

13.14 . Ostrea raritanensis Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 3 ................. 202 

15.16 . Crenella growi Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 3 ..................... 203 

17 . Caryocorbula johnsoni Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 3 ............. 204 

18 . Caryocorbula johnsorti Richards n . sp . PARATYPE . x 2 ............. 204 

19.20 . Scambula widmeri Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . Core 8 

(694 feet) x 3 .................................................... 201 

21.22 . Cyclorisma jerseyensis Richards n . sp . HOLOTYPE . x 3 ............... 205 

23 . "Corbula" sp . x 5 .................................................. 204 

All except Figures 19 and 20 are from Core 16. depth 1648 feet . 


.

PLATE 93 


PLATE 94 

Figure Page 

1-2. Calliomphalus oceanicus Richards n. sp. HOLOTYPE. x 3. .......... 206 

3. Calliomphalus oceanicus Richards n. sp. HOLOTYPE. x 2. ............ 206 

4. Gryphaea aucella Roemer. x 3/4. ..................................... 203 

5-6. Tuba ? fontis Richards n. sp. HOLOTYPE. Boring 1 

(862 feet). x 3. .................................................... 206 

7-8. Urceolabrum reticulata Johnson. COTYPE. Mount Laurel, N. J., 

(150-160 feet). x 3. .................................................. 4 

9. Limestone core from Boring 17 at depth of 1710 feet. x 1. 

1-4. From Core 16 (1648 feet). .......................................... 207 


PLATE 94 



A 

Actaeon ovoidea Gabb ........... 

Actaeon subovoides Whitfield .... 

Actaeonia naticoides Gabb ...... 

Acteocina forbesiana Gardner .... 

Acteon cretacea Gabb ........... 

Acteon cretacea Weller .......... 

Acteon forbesiana Whitfield ..... 

Acteon gabbana Weller .......... 

Acteon gabbana (Whitfield) ..... 

Adocus agilis Cope ............. 

Adocus beatus Leidy ............ 

Adocus pravus Leidy ............ 

Adocus syntheticus Cope ........ 

Agomphus firmus Leidy ......... 

Agomphus pectoralis Cope ...... 

Agompbus petrosus Cope ........ 

Agomphus tardus Wieland ....... 

Agompbus turgidus Cope ........ 

Alaria rostrata Whitfield ........ 

Aliofusus ? sayri Richards ....... 

Amauropsis cadwaladeri Richards 

Amauropsis meekana Whitfield . . 

Amauropsis pdudinaeformis . 

Gabb ........................ 

Amauropsis punctata (Gabb) ... 

Ammonceratites conradi Morton . 

Ammonites compZexus Hall and 

Meek ........................ 

Ammonites delawarensis Morton . 

Ammonites dentato-carinatus 

Roemer ...................... 

Ammonites hippoerepis DeKay . . 

Ammonites lobata Tuomey ...... 

Ammonites manuxemi Morton ... 

Ammonites placenta DeKay ..... 

Ammonites telifer Morton ....... 

Ancbura abrupta Conrad ........ 

Anchura abrupta var . 

acutispira Whitfield ........... 

Anchura bakeri Richards ........ 

Ancbura arenaria Morton ....... 

Anchura (Drepanochilus) 

compressa .................... 

Anchura hebe (Whitfield) ....... 

Anchura johnsoni Stephenson ... 

Anchura pagodaformis Whitfield . 

Anchura pennata (Morton) ..... 

Anchura ? pergracilis Johnson . . 

Anchura raritanensis Richards . . 

Ancbura rostrata (Gabb) ....... 

Anchura solitaria Whitfield ..... 

Anchura spirata Whitfield ...... 

Ancylocentrum hungerfordii 

Chaffee ...................... 

INDEX 

Page Plate 

Page Plate 

Archaeocarabus ? whitfieldi 

(Pilsbry) .................... 

Architectonica Abbotti . Gabb .... 

Avellana bullata (Morton) ...... 

Avellana costata (Johnson) ..... 

Avellana pelagana Stephenson ... 

Avellana ? raritana. Richards .... 

B 

Baeulites asper (Morton) ....... 

Baculites ovata Say ............ 

Baculites ovatus Say ............ 

Baculites sp .................... 

Baptasaurus fraternus Marsh .... 

Barroisiceras (Texasia) 

dentato-carinaturn (Roemer) . . 

Belemnitella americana 

americana Jeletzky ........... 


longa Jeletzky ............... 


(Morton) .................... 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) 

var.A ........................ 

Belemnitella americana (Morton) 

var.B. ....................... 


subfusiformis Whitfield ....... 

Belemnitella americana var . 

intermedia ................... 

Belemnitella americana var . 

polita Jeletzky ............... 

Belemnitella cf . bulbosa Meek 

and Hayden ................. 

Belemnites ? ambiguus Morton . . 

Belemnites americanus Morton . . 

Belemnites mucronatus ......... 

Bellifusus medians (Whitfield) . . 

Bellifusus slaeki (Gabb) ........ 

Bothremys cooki Leidy .......... 

Brachyuridea ................... 

Breviarca ruhlei Richards ....... 

Bulla conica Whitfield ........... 

Bulla macrostoma Gabb ......... 

Bulla Mortoni Forbes ........... 

Bulk recta Gabb ................ 

Cadulus obnutus Conrad ......... 

Callianassa clarki Pilsbry ....... 

Callianassa conradi Pilsbry ...... 

Callianassa conradi var . 

punctimanzur ................. 

Callianassa mortoni Pilsbry ..... 


Page Plate 

Callianassa mortoni. var . 

marylandica Pibbry ........ 169 

Calliomphalus oeeanicus Richards 206 94 

Cancellaria Alabamensis . Gabb . . 65 

Cancellaria septemlirata Gabb . . 52 

Cancellaria smocki Weller ...... 87 61 

Cancellaria subalta Conrad ...... 86 

Cancer 1 whitfieldi Pilsbry . . 175 

Caryocorbula johnsoni Richards . 204 

Catapleura repanda Cope ...... 195 

93 

Caveola subalta (Conrad) ..... 86 61 

Cerithium pilsbryi Whitfield ... 30 50 

Cimoliasaurus magnus Leidy ... 195 

Cimoliasaurus planior Leidy ... 196 

Cimoliasaurus vetustus Leidy ... 196 

Cinulia. costata Johnson ........ 94 

Cinulia naticoides (Gabb) . .... 95 64 

Cinulia ovoidea Whitfield ........ 90 

Cirroceras conradi (Morton) . . 120 70 

Cirrus crotaloides. Morton . . . . 1 

Cithara crosswickensis WhitSeld . 85 62 

Cithara mullicaensis Whitfield . . 84 62. 63 

Clidastes ................ 194 

Clidastes conodon Cope ........ 194 

Clidastes iguanavus Cope ....... 194 

Clidastes validus Cope ........ 194 

Crenella arowi Richards ........ 203 

Grtyptorhytis obliquicostata 

93 

Weller 

Cyelorisma jers&nsis 

68 

Richards . 205 93 

Cylichna recta Gabb .......... 96 64 

Cypraea mortoni Gabb ......... 47 53. 64 

D 

Dakoticancer overana. Rathbun . . 

Delphinula navesinkensis Weller . 

Dentalium inornatum Wade ..... 

Dentalium subarcuatum Conrad . . 

Didymoceras ? conradi (Morton) 

Didumoceras pauper (Whit field) . 

Diplotomodon horrificas Leidy ... 

Dolium (Doliopsis ?) multiliratum 

Whitfield .................... 

Dryptosaurus aquilunquis Cope . . 

"Elasmosaurus" orientalis Cope . 194 

Ellipsoscapha mortoni (Forbes) . . 95 64 

Emarginula ladowae Eichman ... 3 

Endoptygma umbilicata (Tuomey) 17 49 

Enoploclytia ................... 163. 164 80 

Enoploclytia (Palaeastacus) sp ... 164 80 

Eripachya ? paulidinaformis 

Whitfield ..................... 71 

Eulima cretacea. Conrad ......... 5 

Euspira ........................ 15 

Euthria ? fragilis Whitfield ..... 60 57 

Eutrephoceras dekayi alcesense 

Reeside ...................... 106 67 

Eutrephoceras dekayi dekayi 

(Morton) .................... 105 65. 66 

Eutrephoceras dekayi (Morton) . . 102 67 

Eutrephoceras dekayi perlaturn 

(Morton) .................... 106 65. 67 

Exogsra woolmani Richards ..... 203 93 

INDEX 

F 

Page Plate 

Fasciolaria ? ohliquicostata Gabb 68 57. 64 

Fasciolaria Slacki Gabb ........ 64 

"Fasciolaria" sp . ............. 69 

Ficus octoliratus Conrad ........ 49 

Ficus precedens Whitfield ...... 58 

Fusinus cliffwoodensis (Weller) 61 54 

Fusinus holmdelensis (Whitfield) 62 57 

Fusinus holmesianus Gabb .... 6 154. 5 6 

Fusinus lorillardensis (Weller) . . 62 57 

Fusus ? Holmdelensis Whitfield . 62 

Fusus retifer Gabb ............ 48 

Gadns obnutns Conrad .......... 

Goniopholis ferox ............... 

Goniopholis fraterculus Cope .... 

Goniopholis natator Troxell .... 

Goniopholis natator oweni Trox?ll 

Goniopholis rogersii Owen ..... 

Gryphaea aucella Roemer ..... 

Gyrodes .................... 

Gyrodes abbotti Gabb ......... 

Gyrodes abyssina .............. 

Gyrodes abyssinns (Morton) ..... 

Gyrodes altispira . Weller ...... 

Gyrodes crenata. Conrad. 

Whitfield ................. 

Gyrodes infracarinata Gab b 

Whitfield .................... 

Gyrodes obtusivolva . Gabb .... 

Gyrodes petrosus (Morton) .... 

Gyrodes supraplicatus (Conrad) . 

Hadrosaurus cavatus Cope ...... 

Hadrosaurus foulkii Leidy ....... 

Hadrosaurus minor Marsh ...... 

Haminea mortoni Weller ........ 

Hamites annulifer Morton ..... 

Hamulus intermedius Richards . . 

Helcion ? tentorium. Whitfield . . 

Helicacanthus ? spp . A and B . . 

Helicoceras conradi (Morton) .... 

Hercorhyncbus jerseyensis WeIler 

Heteroceras conradi (Morton) . . 

Heteropora americana Richards . 

Homolopsis atlantica Roberts ... 

Homolopsis dispar Roberts ...... 

Hoploparia gabbi Pilsbry ....... 

Hoploparia gladiator Pilsbry .... 

Hoploparia sp .................. 


I 

Idonearca ? harrisvillensis 

Richards ..................... 202 93 

L 

Laxispira lumbricalis Gabb ..... 

Eeiostraca cretacea (Conrad) .... 

1 8 5 7 

5 4 7 

Linearia transcontinentalis 

Richards ..................... 205 

Linuparus richardsi Roberts .... 176 

93 

86

Page Plate 

Liopeplum cretaceum (Conrad) . . 83 56 

Liopeplum ruhlei Richards ...... 83 56 

Lirpsa 7 lepida Stephenson ...... 17 

Lunatia altispira. Gabb ......... 15 

Lunatia halli Gabb ............. 10 47. 59 

Lunatia ? pauperata (Whitfield) . 10 47 

M 

Margaritella Abbotti. Whitfield 1 

Margarites abyssina (Gabb) ..... 9 47 

Menabites (Delawarella) 

delawarensis (Morton) ....... 131 72;. . = 

Menuites ? aff . M . wmplexus 

(Hall and Meek) ............ 122 69 

Modulus lapidosus Whitfield ..... 28 

Morea naticella (Gabh) ......... 56 62 

Morea plicata (Whitfield) ....... 57 63 

Mortonieeras delawarensis 

(Morton) ............... 131. 133 

Mosasaurus ................... 194 

Mosasaurus copeanus Marsh .... 195 

Mosasaurus dekayi Bronn ....... 196 

Mosasaurus depressus Cope ...... 195 

Mosasaurus fulciatus Cope .... 196 

Mosasaurus maximus Cope ..... 196 

Mosasaurus miersii Marsh ...... 195 

Mosasaurus oarthrus Cope ..... 195 

Mosasaurus princeps Marsh ..... 195 

INDEX 

P 

Paehydiseus complexus 

(Hall and Meek) ............ 

Paladmete pristina Stephenson . . 

Palaeopagurus pilsbryi 

Roberts ...................... 

Paraneerocarcinus gamma 

Roberts ...................... 

Patella tentorium Morton ....... 

Perissolax dubia (Gabb) ........ 

Petropoma ? raritanum 

(Richards) ................... 

Phorus umbilicatus Tuowy ..... 

Piestochilus bella (Gabb) ....... 

Piestochilus kanei (Gabb) ....... 

Piestochilus reileyi (Whitfield) ... 

Pirsila sp ....................... 

Placenticeras placenta (DeKay) . 

Placenticeras sp ................ 

Placenticeras spillmani Hyatt ... 

Placenticeras telifer (Morton) ... 

"Plesiosaurus" brevifemur Cope . 

Pleurotoma abbotti Gabb ........ 

Page Plate 

N 

Pleurotomaria crotaloides 

(Morton) ................... 

Pleurotomaria tintonensis 

Whitfield ..................... 

Pleurotomaria woolmani Pilsbry . 

Pueumatoarthrus peloreus Cope . . 

Polinices altispira (Gabb) ...... 

Polygonodon vetus Leidy ....... 

Napulus lenolensis ( Weller) ... 

Polynices (Euspira) halli ....... 

Napulus octoliratus (Conrad) .... 

Prehepatus dilksi Roberts ....... 

Napulus retifer (Gabb) ........ 

Napulus whitfieldi (Weller) ..... 

Natica abyssina Morton ....... 

Natica (Gyrodes) crenata. Conrad 

Natiea petrosa Morton ......... 

Natica infraearinata. Gabb ...... 

Nautilus Dekayi Morton ........ 

Nautilus perlatus Johnson ...... 

Nautilus perlatus Morton ...... 

Neeroearcinus pierrensis ........ 

Necrocarcinus rathbunae Roberts 

Neptunella Mullicaensis Whitfield 

Nonacteonina sp ................ 

Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield) ... 

Nostoeeras sp ................. 

Notopocorystes testacea ........ 

Nucleopygus ? gallagheri Richards 

0 

Protoeallianassa cliffwoodensis 

Roberts ..................... 

Protocallianassa mortoni ....... 

Protocallianassa praecepta 

Roberts ..................... 

Pterocerella sp ................. 

Pterocerella tippana. Weller ..... 

Ptychoceras annulifer (Morton) . 

Pugnellus densatus (Conrad) .... 

Purpura naticella ............... 

Purpuroides ? dub ia. Gabb ....... 

Pyramidella conellus. Johnson ... 

"Pyrgulifera" sp ................ 

Pyrifusus cuneus Whitfield ...... 

Pyrifusus elevata (Whitfield) .... 

Pyrifusus ? elevata (Whitfield) . . 

Pyrifusus erraticus Whitfield .... 

Pyrifusus lenolensis (Weller) ... 

Pyrifusus macfarlandi Whitfield . 

Pyrifusus meeki Whitfield ....... 

72 55 

7054 

Obeliscus eonellus Whitfield ..... 5 47 Pyrifusus mullicaensis (Gabb) ... 71 55.61 

Odoxtofusus medians Weller ... 63 Pyrifusus perlata Conrad ...... 5155 

Odontofusus medians Whitfield . . 63 Pyrifusus pyruloides Gabb ...... 5155 

Odontofusus mucronata (Gabb) . . 

Odontofusus rostellaroides 

Whitfield ................... 

Odontofusus Slaeki Whitfield .... 

Odontofusus typicus Whitfield .. 

69 

69 

64 

69 

58 

58 

Pyrifusus riehardsoni (Tuomev) .. . 51 55 ~ . 

Pyrifusus seutemlirata (Gahb) . . . . . 52 .... 55 

Pyrifusus turrttus Whitfield ..... 63, 71 

Pyropsis corrina Whitfield ...... 5390 

pyropsis lenolensh weller ....... 50 

Ogomphus masculinus Wieland . . 195 

Oncopareia SP ................. 168 

Ornithotarsus immanis Cope .... 194 

Osteophygis emarginatus Cope . . 195 

Ostrea raritanensis Richards .... 202 

80 

93 

Pyropsis Natieoides Whitfield .... 57 

pyropsis ? obesa whitfield ...... 5554 

Pyropsis octolirata Whitfield .... 49 

Pyropsis planimarginata 

(Whitfield) ................... 53 54 


INDEX 

Page Plate 

Page Plate 

Pyropsis pyruloidea (Gabb) ..... 51 Surcula strigosa Gabb ........ 8 9 6 4 

P~ropsis reileyi Whitfield ....... 

Pyropsis retifer Whitfield ..... 

Pyropsis richardsoni (Tuomey) . . 

Pyropsis Riehardsoni Whitfield . . 

Pyropsis septemlirata (Gabb) .... 

Pyropsis trochiformis (Tuomey) . 

Pyropsis troehiformis Weller .... 

Pyropsis whitfieldi Weller ..... 

"Pyrula" precedens (Whitfield) . . 

55 57. 90 

48 

51 

54 

52 56 

54 56. 90 

55 

49 

58 54 

T 

"Taphrosaurus" lockwoodi Cope . 

Taphrosphys molops Cope ...... 

Taphrosphys strenuus Cope ..... 

Tetracarcinus subquadratus 

Weller ..................... 

Thoracosaurus neocesariensis 

DeKay ...................... 

Tornitella ? bullata Morton ...... 

R 

Raninella sp ................. 

Raninella testaeea Rathhun ..... 

Raninella tridens Roberts ...... 

Rapa supraplieata. Conrad ...... 

Rostellaria arenarum Morton .... 

Rostellaria eompaeta Whitfield ... 

Rostellaria curta Whitfield ..... 

Rostellaria fusiformis Whitfield . . 

Rostellaria Hebe Whitfield ..... 

Rostellaria nobilis Whitfield .... 

Rostellaria pennata Morton ...... 

Trachytriton ? atlanticum 

Whitfield ................... 

Trachytriton ? holmdelense 

Whitfield . ................. 

Trachytriton ? multivaricosum 

Whitfield .................. 

Trionyx halophila Cope . . . . 

Triton lorillardensis Weller ...... 

Triton praecedens Whitfield ..... 

Triton trochiformis (Tuomey) ... 

Tritonidea obesa Whitfield ...... 

Trochocyathus sp .............. 

Trochus leprosus Morton ....... 

Tuba ? foutis Richards ....... 

Tuba reticulata. Johnson ........ 

RosteUaria rostrata Gabb ....... 

Rostellaria spirata Whitfield .... 

Rostellites angulatus Whitfield ... 

Tudiela planimarginata Whitfield 

Turbinella alabamensis (Gabb) . . 

Turbinella intermedia Weller ... 

Rostellites nasutus (Gabb) ...... 

Rostellites Texanns Conrad ...... 

Rostellites texturatus Whitfield . . 

Turbinella parva Gabb ......... 

Turbinella subconica Gabb ..... 

Turbinella ? verticalis. Whitfield 

Turbinopsis angulata Whitfield . . 

S 

Turbinopsis curta Whitfield ..... 

Turbinopsis curta Whitfield ..... 

Sargana sp ................... 

Turbinopsis depressa Gabb ...... 

Scala cyclostoma Gabb ......... 

Scala hercules (Whitfield) ...... 

Turbinopsis elevata ......... 

Turbinopsis elevate Whitfield .... 

Scala sillmani (Morton) ........ 

Scala thomasi Gabb ........... 

Turbinopsis major Whitfield .... 

Turhinopsis ? major Whitfield ... 

Scalaria hereules. Whitfield ...... 

Seularia sillmani. Morton ..... 

Sealaria Thomasi ?. Whitfield .... 

Scambula widmeri Richards ..... 

Scaphites aff . S . leei Reeside . . 

Seaphites euvieri Morton ........ 

Scaphites hippocrepis (DeKay) . 

Seaphites hippoerepis (DeKay) . . 

Scaphites nodosus Owen ........ 

Seaphites reniformis Morton .... 

Scaphites similis Whitfield ...... 

Seminola globosa (Gabb) ....... 

Serpula implicata Stephenson ... 

Serrifusus crosswickensis 

Whitfield .................... 

Turbinopsis plieata Whitfield ... 

Turricula leda Whitfield ........ 

Turrieula reileyi Weller ...... 

Turriculu Reileyi Whitfield ...... 

Turricula scalariformis Whitfield 

Turrilites pauper Whitfield ...... 

Turritella bakeri Richards .... 

Turritella bonaspes Gardner ..... 

Turritella compaeta Whitfield . . 

Turritella encrinoides Morton ... 

Turritella granulicosta Gabb ... 

Turritella jerseyensis Weller .... 

Turritella lenolensis Weller ..... 

Turritella lippincotti Whitfield . . 

Turritella lorillardensis Weller . . 

Serrifusus nodocarinatus Whitfield 

Siliquaria pauperata Whitfield 

Solarium abyssinus. Gabb ........ 

Solenoceras annulifer (Morton) . . 

Spenodiscus beecheri Hyatt ..... 

Spenodiscus lobatus (Tuomey) . . 

Strepsidura spp . A and B ........ 

Strepsidura tippana Conrad ..... 

Strombus densatus Conrad ... 

Submortoniceras sp ............. 

Submortoniceras vanuxemi 

(Morton) .................... 

Turritella marshalltownensis 

Weller ..................... 

Turritella merchantvillensis 

Weller ...................... 

Turritella pumila Whitfield .... 

Turritella quadrilira Johnson .... 

Turritella tippana Conrad ...... 

Turritella trilira Conrad ........ 

Turritella vertebroides Morton . . 

Tylosaurus laevis Owen ........ 

Tylosaurus laticaudus Marsh .... 

Tylosaurus mitchilli Dekay ... 


Page Phte 

Tylosaurus rapax Hay ........ 196 

Tylosaurus sectorius Cope ....... 195 

U 

Urceolabrum reticulaturn 

(Johnson) ................ 4 94 

Vasum conoides Wbitfield ...... 84 59 

Voluta delawarensis Gabb ...... 82 

Voluta Kanei Gab6 ............. 76 

Voluta mueronata Gabb ......... 69 

Volutilithes bella Gabb .......... 75 

Volutilithes biplieata Gabb ...... 78 

Volutilithes Conradi Gab6 ....... 80 

Volutilithes eretaceum Conrad ... 83 

Volutoderma biplicata (Gabb) ... 78 59 

Volutoderma jamesburgensis 

Weller ....................... 79 59 

Volutoderma ovata Whitfield .... 

Volutoderma sp . 

79 56. 59 

64 

INDEX 

Page Plate 

Volutoderma woolmani Whitfield . 78 59 

Volutomorpha bella ............. 75 

Volutomorpha conradi (Gabb) . . 80 59.60, 

Volutomorpha delawarensis 

(Gabb) .................... 

Volutomorpha Gabbi Whitfield . . 

Volutomorpha Kanei ............ 

Volutomorpha (Piestoehilus) 

mucronata .................. 

Volutomorpha ponderosa 

Whitfield ................... 

Voysa ? cunieulana Stephenson . . 

Vul~eeula reileyi ............... 

Vulpeeula reileyi Gardner ...... 

Xanthias ? lenolensis Rathbun ... 189 88 

Xanthosia elegans Roberts ...... 177 89 

Xenohelix ? jerseyensis 

Ramsdell (Part I) .......... 4390 

Xenophora leprosa (Morton) .... 16 49 


BUREAU OF GEOLOGY AND TBfQG2APHY 

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BUREAU 131. Ce~L:;iif h.i,U !t;rdGk~42BY 

626 EA8T STAT.% STkLET 

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NEI JWSEY

NJGS - Bulletin 61. The Cretaceous fossils of NJ - State of New Jersey

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