2013 Investors guide to tanzania - Tanzania Investment Centre

2013 Investors guide to Tanzania 

2013 Investors 

Guide to Tanzania 

Tanzania Investment Centre 

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Written & produced by: 

Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) 

Shaaban Robert Street 

Plot No: 9A & B, 

P.O. Box: 938 

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 

Email: information@tic.co.tz 

Photography credits: 

Salim Ally, Malimbika Photography 

www.mtaa-wa-malimbika.tumblr.com 

malimbika@gmail.com 

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Table of Contents 

1. Reasons to invest in Tanzania _______________________________________________________________ 18 

2. Executive Summary ___________________________________________________________________________ 19 

3. About Tanzania ________________________________________________________________________________ 21 

3.1. Geography and Climate ______________________________________________________________ 21 

3.2. People and Culture ___________________________________________________________________ 22 

3.3. Political System and Governance ____________________________________________________ 22 

3.4. The Economy _________________________________________________________________________ 23 

4. Investment Opportunities ___________________________________________________________________ 24 

4.1. Why Invest in Tanzania? _____________________________________________________________ 24 

5. Priority Areas of Investment ________________________________________________________________ 27 

5.1. Agricultural & Livestock Development _____________________________________________ 27 

5.1.1. Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT) _____________ 29 

5.1.2. Sugarcane Cultivation ___________________________________________________________ 31 

5.1.3. Rice Crop Growing _______________________________________________________________ 33 

5.1.4. Livestock Sector _________________________________________________________________ 36 

5.1.5. Horticulture Sector ______________________________________________________________ 37 

5.2. Natural Resources ____________________________________________________________________ 39 

5.2.1. Fisheries __________________________________________________________________________ 40 

5.2.2. Forestry __________________________________________________________________________ 45 

5.2.3. Beekeeping _______________________________________________________________________ 47 

5.3. Tourism _______________________________________________________________________________ 48 

5.4. Manufacturing ________________________________________________________________________ 51 

5.4.1. Export Processing and Special Economic Zones (EPZ) _______________________ 53 

5.5. Oil and Gas Exploration and Production ____________________________________________ 55 

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5.6. Mining _________________________________________________________________________________ 56 

5.6.1. Reasons to Invest in Tanzania Mining Sector __________________________________ 58 

5.6.2. Mineral Endowments ___________________________________________________________ 59 

5.6.3. Competitive advantages of the Mining Sector: ________________________________ 60 

5.7. Real estate _____________________________________________________________________________ 61 

5.8. Transportation ________________________________________________________________________ 62 

5.8.1. Investment Opportunities Available in Roads _________________________________ 63 

5.8.2. Investment Opportunities Available in Railways ______________________________ 65 

5.8.3. Investment Opportunities Available in Maritime Transport _________________ 66 

5.8.4. Investment Opportunities Available in Air Transport ________________________ 66 

5.9. Services________________________________________________________________________________ 68 

5.10. Information & Communication Technology ______________________________________ 69 

5.11. Financial Institutions ______________________________________________________________ 70 

5.12. Telecommunication ________________________________________________________________ 71 

5.13. Energy ______________________________________________________________________________ 74 

5.14. Broadcasting _______________________________________________________________________ 75 

6. Other Areas of Investment ___________________________________________________________________ 77 

6.1. Education Sector ______________________________________________________________________ 77 

6.2. Health Sector __________________________________________________________________________ 79 

6.3. Insurance Services ___________________________________________________________________ 80 

6.4. Security Services _____________________________________________________________________ 81 

6.5. Construction Industry ________________________________________________________________ 82 

6.6. Water and Sanitation _________________________________________________________________ 83 

6.7. Integrated Waste Management ______________________________________________________ 84 

7. Investment Incentives ________________________________________________________________________ 86 

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7.1. Investment Tax Incentives ___________________________________________________________ 86 

7.2. Zero Rated VAT on Exports __________________________________________________________ 88 

7.2.1. Import Duty Drawback __________________________________________________________ 88 

7.2.2. Manufacturing Under bond _____________________________________________________ 88 

7.2.3. Economic infrastructure ________________________________________________________ 88 

7.2.4. Mineral sector____________________________________________________________________ 89 

7.2.5. Holders of Certificate of Incentives ____________________________________________ 90 

7.2.6. Agriculture _______________________________________________________________________ 90 

7.2.7. Tourism ___________________________________________________________________________ 91 

7.2.8. Petroleum and Gas ______________________________________________________________ 91 

8. Know Before You Go! __________________________________________________________________________ 92 

8.1. Cost and Types of Visa: _______________________________________________________________ 92 

8.1.1. Categories of Visa: _______________________________________________________________ 92 

8.1.2. General requirements for a Visa: _______________________________________________ 93 

8.1.3. Visa Issuing Centers _____________________________________________________________ 94 

8.1.4. Visa Fees __________________________________________________________________________ 94 

8.2. Residence Permit Application Process ______________________________________________ 94 

8.2.1. Types of Residence Permits: ____________________________________________________ 95 

8.3. Human Resources and Labour Relations ___________________________________________ 97 

8.3.1. Work Permit _____________________________________________________________________ 97 

8.3.2. Social Security ___________________________________________________________________ 98 

8.3.3. Workmen’s Compensation Ordinance _________________________________________ 98 

8.3.4. Working Hours ___________________________________________________________________ 99 

8.3.5. Leave & Holidays ________________________________________________________________ 99 

8.3.6. Maternity Leave _________________________________________________________________ 99 

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8.3.7. Paternity Leave __________________________________________________________________ 99 

8.3.8. Other Statutory Benefits ________________________________________________________ 99 

8.3.9. Retrenchment and Termination Procedures __________________________________ 99 

8.3.10. Severance Pay ________________________________________________________________100 

8.3.11. Laws Regulating Various Professions ______________________________________100 

8.3.12. Settlement of Labour Disputes ______________________________________________100 

8.4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration __________________________________101 

8.5. Medical Insurance and Health Services ____________________________________________102 

8.5.1. Medical Insurance ______________________________________________________________102 

8.5.2. Hospitals ________________________________________________________________________102 

8.6. Emergency Services _________________________________________________________________103 

8.7. Airports in Tanzania _________________________________________________________________103 

8.8. Accommodation Cost ________________________________________________________________103 

8.8.1. Hotel Accommodation _________________________________________________________103 

8.8.2. Residential Apartments ________________________________________________________103 

8.8.3. Single Family (Stand Alone) Homes ___________________________________________104 

8.8.4. Office Space _____________________________________________________________________104 

8.8.5. Warehousing Space _____________________________________________________________104 

8.9. Water and Utility ____________________________________________________________________104 

8.9.1. Water ____________________________________________________________________________104 

8.9.2. Electricity _______________________________________________________________________105 

8.10. Means of Local Transport ________________________________________________________106 

8.11. Telecommunication _______________________________________________________________107 

8.11.1. National ICT Infrastructure Backbone _____________________________________107 

8.12. Opening a Business Bank Account _______________________________________________107 

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9. About Tanzania Investment Centre _______________________________________________________ 109 

9.1. Organization Description ___________________________________________________________109 

9.2. Functions of the Centre _____________________________________________________________109 

9.3. One Stop Facilitation Centre ________________________________________________________110 

9.4. Public-Private Partnerships ________________________________________________________111 

10. One Stop Facilitation Services _____________________________________________________________ 114 

10.1. Immigration _______________________________________________________________________114 

10.2. Land Acquisition __________________________________________________________________115 

10.2.1. Right of Occupancy___________________________________________________________115 

10.2.2. For Urban Land _______________________________________________________________116 

10.2.3. For Farmland _________________________________________________________________117 

10.3. Starting a Business: _______________________________________________________________119 

10.3.1. Company Registration Procedures _________________________________________119 

10.3.2. Types of Companies ____________________________________________________________119 

10.3.3. Patent Registration___________________________________________________________121 

10.3.4. Industrial License ____________________________________________________________122 

10.3.5. Business Licensing ___________________________________________________________123 

10.3.6. Certificate of Incentives _____________________________________________________125 

11. Other Important Processes ________________________________________________________________ 128 

11.1. Taxation ____________________________________________________________________________128 

11.2. Registration with Domestic Revenue and Tax Structure and Administration 129 

11.2.1. Value Added Tax (VAT) _________________________________________________________131 

11.2.2. VAT Special Relief _______________________________________________________________131 

11.2.3. VAT Refunds _____________________________________________________________________131 

11.2.4. VAT Schedules __________________________________________________________________131 

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11.3. Taxes on International Trade_____________________________________________________132 

11.3.1. Import Duty __________________________________________________________________132 

11.4. Agreement on Customs Value (ACV) ____________________________________________133 

11.4.1. Excise Duty ___________________________________________________________________133 

11.4.2. Stamp Duty ___________________________________________________________________133 

11.4.3. Motor Vehicle _________________________________________________________________133 

11.4.4. Double Taxation Agreements _______________________________________________134 

11.5. Investment Guarantees ___________________________________________________________134 

11.6. Bilateral Trade & Investment Agreements ______________________________________134 

11.7. Settlements of Commercial Disputes ____________________________________________135 

11.8. Fire and Rescue Compliance _____________________________________________________135 

12. Appendices ____________________________________________________________________________________ 136 

Appendix A - Tanzania Fact Sheet _________________________________________________________________ 136 

Appendix B – List of Official Public Holidays ____________________________________________________ 137 

Appendix C – Main Annual Trade Exhibitions ___________________________________________________ 138 

Appendix D – Sources of Further Information __________________________________________________ 140 

Appendix E – Tanzania Missions Abroad ________________________________________________________ 144 

Appendix F – Foreign Missions in Tanzania _____________________________________________________ 146 

Appendix G – Tanzania Africa Map________________________________________________________________ 147 

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Investment and partnerships for mutual gain 

His Excellency Dr. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete is 

the 4 th and current President of the United 

Republic of Tanzania. 

The President is the head of state and head 

of government. The President leads the 

executive branch of the government and is 

the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed 

Forces. 

Prior to his election in 2005, President 

Kikwete was the Minister of Foreign Affairs 

for ten years under his predecessor, former 

President Benjamin Mkapa. 

Dr. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, 

President, the United Republic of Tanzania 

President Kikwete has served as the Chairperson of the African Union in 2008/09 and the 

Chairman of the Southern African Development Community Troika on Peace, Defense and 

Security in 2012/13. 

The government of Tanzania is committed to engaging in innovative partnerships with 

investors to ensure development success. President Kikwete has spearheaded several 

such initiatives such as the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor (SAGCOT), a publicprivate 

initiative to drive growth and productivity in Tanzania’s breadbasket region. 

“Partnerships are desirable and necessary and have worked well for Tanzania.” 

Remarks by the President at the World Economic Forum on Africa in Cape Town, South 

Africa held on May 5 th 2011. 

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Investment promotion and facilitation in Tanzania 

Investment promotion and facilitation in Tanzania is driven by the Tanzania Investment 

Centre (TIC), the Government’s investment promotion agency created by an act of 

Parliament. The development of investment promotion policy and its execution by TIC 

falls under the overall responsibility of the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) and is 

supervised by the Minister of State for Investment & Empowerment in the PMO. 

Honorable Mizengo Pinda is the current 

Prime Minister of Tanzania and Member of 

Parliament for Katavi constituency. As Prime 

Minister, Mr. Pinda is head of government 

business. 

“...Tanzania is ready to do business with 

you; our doors are wide open. Secondly, we 

have everything that you need to invest in 

Tanzania; conducive business environment, 

political and macroeconomic stability, a 

facilitative government, abundant natural 

resources, educated labour-force, a sizeable 

and captive market, unique geographical 

location…” 

Honorable Mizengo Pinda, 

Prime Minister, the United Republic of 

Tanzania 

The Prime Minister’s keynote address at the 

Investment Partnership Promotion meeting 

held on November 2012 in Dar es Salaam 

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Dr. Mary Michael Nagu is the current Minister 

of State for Investment & Empowerment 

under the Prime Minister’s Office; she is also 

a Member of Parliament for Hanang 

constituency. 

“Strengthening the private sector in the 

country is one of our priorities... we appreciate 

the huge contribution of the sector since the 

government ceased to participate actively in 

business…The government has taken various 

measures towards creating [an] enabling 

environment for the private sector to prosper. 

Efficient implementation of the public-private 

partnerships constitutes one of the avenues for 

achieving our development goals. “ 

Dr. Mary Michael Nagu, 

Minister of State for Investment & 

Empowerment (Prime Minister’s 

Office) 

Speaking in July 2013 at a workshop in Dar es 

Salaam on Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) 

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Message from the Executive Director of TIC 

It is with great pleasure that I introduce the 

2013 Investment Guide to readers. The 

Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) has 

prepared this guide with the intention of 

providing accurate and relevant 

information regarding the 

opportunities and procedures for investing 

in Tanzania. Importantly, this guide 

encompasses answers to a range of 

questions frequently received by TIC such 

as the reasons for investing in Tanzania; 

Juliet Rugeiyamu Kairuki, 

how to start up a business; how to enter 

Executive Director, Tanzania Investment 

the country; where to invest, how to invest 

Centre 

and how to obtain business support and 

incentives. 

As this guide reveals, Tanzania offers a positive, peaceful, and stable environment for 

business and investment in the short, medium, and long term. The conducive investment 

climate is underpinned by effective political, economic and social policies that favour 

investors seeking to take advantage of the vast and in many instances, untapped 

investment opportunities. Tanzania is uniquely endowed with physical attributes 

comparable to none in the East African region and beyond. These include offshore gas 

deposits, minerals, accessible harbours, vast tracts of arable land (e.g. the SAGCOT area), 

water bodies abundant with resources, and national parks with flora and fauna that serve 

as magnets for investment in tourism and other affiliated sectors. Most importantly, 

Tanzania's human capital remains eager, friendly, and determined to contribute to efforts 

to attract and retain investment from both foreign and domestic sources. 

The Government of Tanzania through TIC offers predictable, competitive fiscal and nonfiscal 

teasers to the investment community (domestic and foreign) as we recognize the 

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importance of the private sector as the driver and engine of growth. Amongst other 

things, Tanzania's investment regime offers free repatriation of capital and the ability to 

externalise profits, by putting fewer restrictions on capital movements. 

As Tanzania gears up to become a middle income country by 2025, the Government Of 

Tanzania has zoomed in on specific sectors to drive results oriented delivery in the short 

term. TIC feeds into this process by providing a series of services from our one stop 

centre including derivative title as security of tenure for land to foreigners as well as 

project specific incentives for approved strategic investments that are aligned to 

achieving the country's long term vision. Recent gas finds in Tanzania has propelled 

unprecedented interest and capital inflows into the country. We welcome these 

developments and encourage all prospective investors to read the Tanzania Investment 

Act as it provides clear parameters in terms of the role of TIC on matters related to 

minerals and energy. We also invite interested parties to refer to our website 

(www.tic.co.tz) for further information. 

I thank all participating ministries and agencies from the Government of Tanzania and 

other institutions for their contribution to this guide. 

Truthfully, 

Juliet Rugeiyamu Kairuki 

Executive Director, Tanzania Investment Centre 

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Disclaimer 

This guidebook was published to assist potential investors in terms of providing access to 

essential information regarding investments and investing in Tanzania. This guidebook 

does not in any way give exhaustive information or detailed practical instructions. The 

guidebook also points out sources of other information in both private and public sectors. 

Most or all of information contained in this guidebook was derived from consultation 

among government ministries, private sector, and other agencies. Materials in this 

guidebook therefore should only be used for the intended purposes and not to be used for 

defense in a legal dispute or any matter of that nature. Government ministries and other 

agencies from which information contained in this guidebook was derived are listed in 

Appendix D - Sources of Further Information. 

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Abbreviations & Acronyms 

AGOA 

ATIA 

BoT 

BRELA 

CMSA 

EAC 

EPZ 

EUR 

GBP 

GDP 

ICT 

IPTL 

ISD 

ISP 

MIGA 

MoF 

NHIF 

NSSF 

PCCB 

PPP 

SADC 

SAGCOT 

TANESCO 

TBS 

TCRA 

TIC 

TIN 

TPA 

TPDC 

African Growth and Opportunity Act 

Africa Trade Insurance Agency 

Bank of Tanzania 

Business Registration and Licensing Agency 

Capital Market and Securities Authority 

East African Community 

Export Processing Zones 

EURO 

British Pound 

Gross Domestic Product 

Information and Communication Technology 

Independent Power Tanzania Limited 

Insurance Supervisory Department 

Internet Service Provider 

Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 

Ministry of Finance 

National Health Insurance Fund 

National Social Security Fund 

Prevention Combating of Corruption Bureau 

Public Private Partnership 

Southern African Development Community 

Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania 

Tanzania Electric Supply Limited 

Tanzania Bureau of Standards 

Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority 

Tanzania Investment Centre 

Tax Payer Identification Number 

Tanzania Ports Authority 

Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation 

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TRA 

TTB 

TTCL 

TZS 

USD 

VRN 

Tanzania Revenue Authority 

Tanzania Tourist Board 

Tanzania Telecommunications Company Limited 

Tanzania Shilling 

United States Dollar 

VAT Registered Number 

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List of Exhibits 

Exhibit 1: Mineral Deposits Map 

Exhibit 2: Tanzania Trunk Road Map 

Exhibit 3: Airline Operators Market Share 

Exhibit 4: Subscribers of Voice Telecommunications in Tanzania 

Exhibit 5: Subscribers of Fixed Networks in Tanzania 

Exhibit 6: Transport Infrastructure Network 

Exhibit 7: Investment Facilitation and Service Delivery 

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1. Reasons to invest in Tanzania 

Peace & Political Stability 

Strategic Location 

Attractive Investment Regime 

Investment Incentives 

Investment Guarantees 

Plenty of Natural Resources 

High Growth Potential 

Memberships of Bilateral Trade Agreements 

Public Private Partnerships 

Export Processing & Special Economic Zones 

Magnificent Business and Leisure Destinations 

Tanzania creates a strong infrastructure for all 

investments while providing the strong growth and 

security needed to proposer. 

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2. Executive Summary 

Tanzania, with its large and growing domestic population, strategic location, abundance 

of natural resources and internal political stability, presents a uniquely attractive 

investment opportunity. 

The country with a population of 44.9 million (national census 2012) is the largest in East 

Africa and its new middle-class is growing rapidly. Tanzania faces the Indian Ocean; it is 

the natural trading gateway for the 5 landlocked countries surrounding it, which are: the 

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and Zambia. The country 

is further blessed with vast natural riches: minerals in the form of gold, diamonds, copper, 

coal; more recently large discoveries of natural gas along its shores and it enjoys vast 

tracts of beautiful natural scenery including game reserves and sandy beaches. 

Democratic principles are firmly engrained in the country; since its independence in 

1961, the country has never suffered a civil war and its political leaders have come to 

power through an electoral process. Free-market principles are also firmly engrained and 

successive Governments have continued to open up and liberalize Tanzania’s economy. As 

a result, Tanzania has enjoyed over 5 consecutive years of 7% real GDP growth and is a 

member what the World Bank has dubbed the “7% Club”, a group of countries forecast to 

achieve 7% or more real GDP growth for next decade. 

Investments in Tanzania are guaranteed against nationalization and expropriation 

through various agreements of protection and promotion of investments such as the 

Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), of which Tanzania is a member. 

Tanzania also offers access to major markets of the world, such as America and Europe, 

through special bilateral trade and investment agreements and arrangements, for 

instance, the Africa Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) of which Tanzania is a signatory. 

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Priority areas of investments are: 

• agriculture and livestock development, 

• natural resources, 

• tourism, 

• manufacturing, 

• oil and gas exploration, 

• mining, 

• commercial building, 

• transportation, 

• services, and 

• ICT 

University of Dodoma Bilila Lodge Dar es Salaam beach 

This guide provides prospective investors and interested parties with insightful 

information about investing in Tanzania, including: 

• An overview of the main investment opportunities the country presents 

• An summary of the geographical, political and economic characteristics of the 

country 

• An introduction to the primary agency responsible for promoting and facilitating 

investment into the country, the Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) 

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3. About Tanzania 

3.1. GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE 

Mount Kilimanjaro 

Tanzania is a union between mainland of 

Tanganyika and the Zanzibar islands. The 

country’s total area covers 947,300km 2 , 

inclusive of land mass and the three large 

fresh water lakes, namely Victoria, 

Tanganyika, and Nyasa, which form 

boundaries with neighbouring countries. 

Mount Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in 

Africa, is a dormant volcano, rising to 5,895 

metres, and is the only snowcapped mountain in Africa, thus, a major tourist attraction in 

the northeast of the country. 

Mount Meru, 4,565m, is to the west of 

Kilimanjaro and is also of volcanic origin. 

The Usambara and Pare mountains are also 

to the northeast, and, to the west of these 

mountains is the eastern arm of the Rift 

Valley. The narrow coastal belt with 

tropical beaches on the Indian Ocean gives 

Lake Victoria 

way to savannah woodlands, forests, and highland areas. The southern western highlands 

are dominated by the Livingstone Mountains. The climate is tropical in most areas with 

average temperatures of 25 ○ C - 31 ○ C, and temperate in the highlands with temperatures 

of 10 ○ C - 20 ○ C. The hottest months are November to February and the coolest months are 

May to August. 

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3.2. PEOPLE AND CULTURE 

Tanzania is the largest nation in East Africa with a population of 44.9 million (national 

census 2012) growing at an annual rate of about 3%. Tanzania is also a very young 

country with 44% of the population below the age of 15. The people comprise not less 

than 120 tribes; however they are united by a common language, a common sense of 

purpose and common sense of nationhood. Most of the people are of Bantu origin and 

few of Asian descent. The majority of Tanzanians, over 70%, live in their native rural 

areas, where they adhere to native cultural norms. In the cosmopolitan areas there is a 

diversity of people from all over the country. Overall, Tanzanians are very warm and 

hospitable people who often display a positive and pleasant reception to foreigners. 

Kiswahili is the national language in daily use and English is the official medium of 

communication in secondary schools, academic institutions, and business settings. 

3.3. POLITICAL SYSTEM AND GOVERNANCE 

The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania is formed by the union of Tanganyika, 

called ‘Mainland Tanzania’, and Zanzibar Islands of Unguja and Pemba. The country 

operates as one state with two governments, namely the Union Government and the 

Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar. Tanzania is a democracy with a multi-party 

electoral system with 17 political parties. The President of Tanzania is the Head of State 

and Head of Government and is elected every 5 years and mandated to serve a maximum 

of two terms. 

The central government comprises three organs, which are: 

• President and Cabinet (the ‘executive branch’) 

• the Judiciary; 

• and the Parliament. 

Parliamentary elections take place every 5 years and several political parties participate. 

The constitution of the United Republic is currently undergoing review by the 

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“Constitutional Review Commission”. The current constitution provides for the rule of 

law, separation of powers, and political pluralism. Since independence in 1961, the 

country has never suffered a civil war or a period of violent internal strife. It enjoys a high 

level of political stability that creates an ideal climate for investment. 

3.4. THE ECONOMY 

Tanzania is a rapidly growing emerging market; it ranks among the 20 fastest growing 

economies in the world. The country has exhibited a GDP growth rate of around 7% for 

past 5 years and it is predicted by the IMF and World Bank to continue this rapid growth 

for the next decade. 

Over the past two decades, it has been 

transformed from a centrally planned 

economy to a market oriented system 

through successful implementation freemarket 

orientated reforms. The 

Government has encouraged private sector 

led growth through restoration of market 

forces and less Government intervention in 

commercial activities. 

Overall, the reforms have resulted in 

positive growth trends and impressive 

PSPF Commercial Towers 

macro -economic indicators with inflation rates falling from 27.4% in 1995 to about 9% 

in 2012. 

The recent discovery of large quantities of natural gas on the east coast, and the interest 

that investors have shown in this field, is a positive sign of rapid advancement of the 

economy. Recent reforms are intended to improve infrastructures and private sector 

growth through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP). 

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4. Investment Opportunities 

4.1. WHY INVEST IN TANZANIA? 

Peace & 

Political 

Stability 

Strategic 

Location 

Tanzania is one of the most peaceful and politically stable countries in Africa. 

Since its independence in 1961, the country has never experienced a civil war 

or any major internal strife. Tanzanians continue to live in peace and with a 

sense of a common national identity. Since the resignation of Julius Nyerere, 

the country’s first president, all succeeding presidents have been elected into 

office in fair and free elections. Presidential terms are limited to two five-year 

terms. This political stability provides protection to investors 

The country’s geography is greatly beneficial. It is connected directly to the 

Indian Ocean giving it trade links to Asia and sits in between the ocean and 6 

landlocked countries (Uganda, DRC, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia and Malawi) 

that rely on Tanzania for passage of goods. The country has 3 deep water 

ports (Dar es Salaam, Tanga and Mtwara) that are servicing the neighbouring 

countries. Furthermore, its membership to the SADC Free Trade Area and 

EAC Common Market, with developed rail and road networks, makes 

Tanzania a natural transportation gateway for East and Central Africa. 

Attractive 

Investment 

Fiscal Regime 

Tanzania fosters a very stable and predictable Fiscal Investment Regime, 

which provides a soft landing to all investors. It is the kind of regime that 

recognizes the fact that investors need to recover their investment expenses 

prior to paying corporate taxes 


Incentives 

Tanzania offers a well-balanced and competitive package of fiscal incentives 

in comparison with other African countries. Aiming at providing competitive 

fiscal regime on foreign trade, Tanzania has signed double taxation treaties 

with numerous countries, and still is negotiating with other countries 

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Guarantee 

Investors in Tanzania are guaranteed against nationalization and 

expropriation. Tanzania is a signatory of several multilateral and bilateral 

agreements on protection and promotion of investments. Just to mention the 

few, Tanzania is a member of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 

(MIGA) and Africa Trade Insurance Agency (ATIA) 

Plenty of 

Natural 

Resources 

Tanzania’s untapped natural resources offer a wide range of investment 

opportunities; arable land, minerals and natural tourist attractions are all 

awaiting potential investors. Tanzania is internationally renowned for its 

abundance of wildlife attractions and unexploited mineral reserves 

High Growth 

Potential 

Tanzania is an emerging economy with high growth potential through the 

unforeseen future. Tanzania was named best investment promoter of African 

Investment Promotion Agencies, 2004 competition 

Membership 

of Regional 

Blocs and 

Bilateral 

Trade 

Agreements 

Tanzania is a member of regional trading blocs of SADC and the EAC, as well 

as a beneficiary country under the preferential trade enhancing schemes 

offered by the AGOA legislation, of which 6,500 products enjoy duty and 

quota free access to the U.S.A. market. Additionally, Tanzania enjoys benefits 

set by the European Union Everything But Arms (EBA) and the ACP-EU 

Cooperation and various bilateral cooperation agreements 

Public 

Private 

Partnerships 

Tanzania embraces a strong and cooperative relationship between the 

government, the private sector and development partners, and that makes it 

exceptionally conducive to attracting investments 

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Export 

Processing 

Zones & 

Special 

Economic 

Zones 

Magnificent 

Business and 

Leisure 

Destination 

Benefit from highly advantageous special investment schemes—Export 

Processing Zones (EPZs) and Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 

The Government of Tanzania is highly determined to deploying whatever 

necessary measures to lower the costs of doing business and maintain a fair 

competition business practices. Besides, Tanzania offers an extremely 

gorgeous leisure opportunities, for instance global 5* Hotels, Exotic Beach 

Hotels, private jet and helicopter for hire, elegant mansions and apartments 

for both hire and buy, etc. 

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5. Priority Areas of Investment 

Agriculture & Livestock development 

Natural resources 

Tourism 

Manufacturing 

Petroleum and Mining 

Commercial Building 

Transportation 

Services 

ICT 

Financial Institutions 

Telecommunications 

Energy 

Human Resources 

Economic Infrastructure 

Broadcasting 

5.1. AGRICULTURAL & LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT 

Agriculture Sector, with annual growth rate of 6%, accounts for nearly half of national 

GDP contribution, 70% of rural household income, and absorbs 80% of the entire 

Page 27


workforce. Lately, the government introduced a special agricultural revolution initiative, 

namely “Kilimo Kwanza”, with the aim of commercialising agriculture and improving 

cultivation methods of peasant farmers to supplement agribusiness and assure the 

country of self-sufficiency in food supplies. Agricultural and livestock development is the 

leading economic sector in Tanzania and remains critical for achieving sustained growth, 

poverty reduction, and rural development. 

Several reforms have been undertaken in 

this sector, such as review of land laws to 

allow for long term leases for foreign 

companies and redefining the role of 

government and the private sector that 

allow for the latter to participate in 

production, processing, and marketing, 

Coffee beans 

while the former retain regulatory and 

public support functions. Tanzania has enormous water resources potential. Water for 

irrigation can be obtained in flood basins of rivers and lakes as well as from underground 

sources. Potential irrigable farmland in Tanzania is approximately 29 million hectares, 

out of which only 280,000 hectares are under irrigation farming. This provides for high 

agricultural investment opportunities. In addition to the following specific investment 

opportunities available, this sector offers varying business avenues, such as importing 

modern-and-efficient farming equipment, for instance tractors and power tillers; 

providing training of modern farming, for example, how to use appropriate irrigation 

technology, etc. 

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5.1.1. Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT) 

Agriculture is the basis of Tanzania’s economy. It is the major source of employment, a 

significant export earner and an important component of the national GDP. Yields are 

low, but with improved access to finance, infrastructure, modern farming inputs and 

know-how, Tanzania’s smallholder farmers could achieve much higher yields, allowing 

them to sell into regional and international markets. 

Launched at WEF Africa in 2010, SAGCOT is a public-private partnership that aims to 

boost agricultural productivity in Tanzania and the wider region, and thereby achieve the 

country’s agricultural strategy. SAGCOT will promote “clusters” of profitable agricultural 

farming and services businesses, with major benefits for smallholder farmers and local 

communities. By catalyzing large volumes of responsible private investment, the initiative 

aims to deliver rapid and sustainable agricultural growth and thereby tackle food 

security, poverty reduction and reduced vulnerability to climate change. 

Key features of SAGCOT include: 

• SAGCOT Partnership established with members from government, global business, 

the Tanzanian private sector, farmers, foundations and donor institutions. 

• Executive Committee co-chaired by the Minister of Agriculture of Tanzania; and 

the Executive Vice President (North and Central Africa) of Unilever. 

• SAGCOT Centre established as a formal secretariat to advance the initiative. 

• An Investment Blueprint outlines the initiative and opportunities. 

• A Catalytic Fund will soon be in place 

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Investment Opportunities 

The Investment Blueprint highlights 15 ‘early win’ investment opportunities where rapid 

progress could be made. These include: 

• Mbozi seed farm. A 3,000 hectare nucleus seed estate plus irrigated outgrower 

scheme for maize, soya, sunflower, sesame and pulses. 

• Ruvu cattle ranch. Redevelopment of a 40,000 hectare government-owned ranch, 

with the introduction of fattening and slaughter facilities for local breeders. 

• Smallholder commercialization and agro-dealer program. Providing extension 

services, inputs, weather insurance and market access to large numbers of 

smallholder farmers. 

• Sao Hill agri-centre. Irrigated vegetable production linked to an agriculture 

processing centre (including a biomass plant) with storage and processing 

facilities. 

Additionally, SAGCOT has prepared concrete opportunities for promotion to investors: 

• Sugar: Opportunity to develop modern sugar operations drawing on Tanzania’s 

natural advantages for sugarcane cultivation, and supply the large domestic and 

regional sugar markets. 

• Rice: Opportunity to take advantage of the growing gap in rice supply by investing 

in rice production to serve the rapidly growing market in Tanzania and the region. 

• Livestock: Opportunities to benefit from exponential growth in demand for 

livestock products across the region. 

• Horticulture: Opportunities to establish modern vegetables, fruits, flowers, spices 

and horticultural seed business operations for domestic, regional and 

international markets. 

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5.1.2. Sugarcane Cultivation 

Aim: 

To develop modern sugar operations drawing on Tanzania’s natural advantages for 

sugarcane cultivation, and supply the large domestic and regional sugar markets. 

Current situation: 

• All 4 existing sugar estates and mills have been rehabilitated by local and 

international investors and production has increased very fast since privatization 

in the early 2000’s, growing from 135,000 tons in 2001 to 300,000 tons sugar in 

2011 

• As current estates reach peak production and expansion potential, the 

government has put a high priority on attracting investors to develop new 

greenfield sugar projects 

• Attesting of the attractiveness of the sector in Tanzania, global sugar industry 

players already present in Tanzania, Illovo and Tereos, are eager to explore these 

new opportunities 

Market Opportunity: 

• With rapidly growing population and rising incomes, the Tanzanian sugar market 

growth is estimated at 6% p.a. 

• The current sugar supply gap is approximately 300,000 tons, expected to increase 

sharply as current estates are limited in their expansion 

• An additional 400,000 tons sugar supply gap is observed in the EAC common 

market 

• region, progressing at >10% p.a., presenting a significant import substitution 

opportunity within a common market protected by a 30% external tariff 

• Booming global ethanol market favouring African producers and the local power 

market offer strong market opportunities for other sugarcane products and byproducts 

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300,000 ton sugar production deficit in Tanzania (metric tons) 

Tanzania’s Competitive Advantage: 

• With ideal soils and climate for sugar cane production, Tanzania boasts among the 

highest average cane yields in the World, at 120 tons/ha 

• With ample rainfall and generous rivers fed by the high hinterland plateaus, 

Tanzania has among the best irrigation potential in the sub-region 

• Soil and topography in target sugar zones are ideal for industrial sugarcane 

cultivation, and the government is preparing new sites for greenfield sugar 

projects 

• Under the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT), 

numerous donors (World Bank, USAID, DFID, etc.) are investing in infrastructure 

and institutional capacity that will benefit investors 

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Average sugarcane yields – 2010 (tons/ha) 

5.1.3. Rice Crop Growing 

Aim: 

To take advantage of the growing gap in rice supply by investing in rice production to 

serve the rapidly growing market in Tanzania and the region. 

Current Situation: 

• Around 90% of Tanzania’s rice production is done by small--scale farmers, on an 

average farm size of 1.3 ha 

• Current rice yields are low, creating opportunity for investors ready to introduce 

latest techniques and inputs 

• Rice prices in Tanzania are consistently higher than the global rice price 

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Low yields create opportunity for modern farms 

High local market prices 


• Tanzania has one of the fastest growing urban populations in East Africa, rising 

4.7% per year; the growing middle class prefer rice over other staples: local rice 

production cannot keep up with demand, driving imports 

• Producers in Tanzania also have duty-‐free access to the rest of the EAC, SADC and 

COMESA, where demand and imports are also rising 

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+40% annual growth in rice imports by Tanzania 

+20 annual growth in rice imports by EAC 

Tanzania’s Competitive Advantage 

• Tanzania offers ideal conditions for rice cultivation, with tropical temperatures, 

rich and fertile soil, plenty of sunshine and rainfall, and a number of large river 

systems ideal for irrigated rice projects 

• Key factor costs (labour, land, power) are very competitive – generally lower than 

in alternate locations 

• Several specific sites for large-scale irrigated rice schemes have already been 

earmarked, and the government and donors are ready to help fund outgrower 

irrigation systems, training and input supplies 

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• One major nucleus-outgrower rice venture is already cultivating more than 10,000 

hectares, with some outgrowers achieving yields of 8T/ha, proving the success of 

the model 

5.1.4. Livestock Sector 

Aim: 

To position Tanzania such that it can benefit from the exponential growth in demand for 

livestock products across the region. 


• Tanzania’s livestock population has been increasing by 5% per annum; its 21.3 

million large cattle population make it the biggest in Southern Africa 

• However 97% of all animals are kept by smallholders who are often faced with 

poor productivity and yields 


• Increased population sizes, urbanization and income levels across Africa are 

boosting demand for meat 

• Starting from a per capita consumption of 12kg pa, Tanzania’s demand for meat is 

expected to triple by 2030 

• Current increases in livestock supply will not be able to meet future demand and 

large scale investments are needed to provide technical skills and capital to run 

ranches, feedlots, abattoirs, meat processors and tanneries 

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200% increase local demand for meat 


• Tanzania already exports meat to the middle east & neighboring countries, with 

significant growth potential 

• The National Ranching Company (NARCO) has made 100,000ha of prime ranch 

land available for investors and supports investments in feedlots, abattoirs, meat 

processors, rendering plants and tanneries 

• The climatic conditions for livestock operations in Tanzania are ideal, with high 

rainfalls providing the mostly flat grasslands with the necessary water to keep 

livestock at a stocking rate of 1 animal per 3 hectare or better 

• Investors are supported and incentivized though tax holidays, duty free imports of 

capital assets, favorable loans from the Tanzania Investment Bank (TIB) and 

administrative support from the Tanzanian Investment Centre 

5.1.5. Horticulture Sector 

Aim: 

To establishing modern vegetables, fruits, flowers, spices and horticultural seed business 

operations for domestic, regional and international markets 

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• The horticultural industry in Tanzania is the fastest growing industry within the 

agricultural sector recording an annual average growth of 9 - 12 per cent in the 

past five years. Contribution of the investments in horticultural businesses to total 

agricultural investments has averaged 17 per cent since 2007 

• The sub-sector has been earmarked as one of the potential areas for fast growth in 

the Tanzania Agriculture and Food Security Investment Plan (TAFSIP) and 

Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT) 

• A number of investors are already engaged in the production and marketing of 

horticultural crops mainly for export markets. The crops include vegetables (such 

as green beans and baby corns), flowers (e.g. roses and cuttings) and fruits (e.g. 

avocado, mangoes, pineapples and berries) 


• There is huge demand for quality 

horticultural products in both local 

and export markets. Tanzania’s 

horticultural exports have 

increased significantly. 

• Domestically, there is still 

inconsistent supply of quality 

products making the country 

import fruits, vegetables and spices 

such as tomatoes, onions, garlic 

and leeks, fresh apples, grapes, 

pears and quinces and 

strawberries accounts 

Banana tree 

• There is an increased processing of fruits into juice which has led to an increased 

demand of the produce in the country. This has contributed to the reduction in 

supply to the market of some fresh fruits such as mangoes making the prices fairly 

Page 38


• Consistent and attractive. 


• Land availability, wide range of climatic conditions supporting production of a 

variety of horticultural crops, access to markets through preferential and other 

regional/multilateral schemes and peace and stability of the country are among 

the factors that make Tanzania an important investment destination for 

horticulture 

• Cool climate, altitudes of 800m to 200m, low humidity and average rainfall greater 

than 700mm make production of crops such as flower, cuttings, vegetable/flower 

seeds, avocados, strawberries, raspberries and spices (cardamom) possible in the 

SAGCOT area and the northern zone. 

• Strategic positioning of the country: Good links to ports and airports: DSM and 

Tanga ports, Julius Nyerere International Airport in DSM, Songwe International 

Airport in Mbeya, KIA and Nairobi provides guarantee for sea freighting and 

airlifting of horticultural products destined for international markets. 

5.2. NATURAL RESOURCES 

In terms of sector classification, Natural Resources in Tanzania refer to forestry & 

beekeeping, wildlife, and fisheries. The country has vast untapped natural resources that 

provide a base for investment in factories, industries and training. The terrestrial area is 

the grassland savannah rich in wildlife, with equatorial rainforests, miombo woodlands 

and plateau with amazing natural scenery and beauty. The area houses archaeological 

sites such as the Olduvai Gorge, Kondoa Rock Arts and other historical sites. The coastal 

strip and water support a combination of natural systems including coral reefs, estuarine, 

sea grass beds and extensive mangrove stands. Similar to other sectors, private 

investments are highly encouraged in the natural resources sector, of which the 

government plays the role as policy maker, promoter and regulator. This sector presents 

enormous investment opportunities, some of which are outlined hereafter. 

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5.2.1. Fisheries 

Tanzania is one of the largest fishing nations in Africa, according to FAO; it is ranked in 

the top 10 countries in terms of total capture fisheries production. 

The annual fish production is about 341,065 tons. In addition, the sector contributed 

about 1.4 percent to the GDP (National Statistics Bureau; 2010) and 10 percent to the 

national foreign exchange earnings. The sector employs more than 177,527 full time 

fishermen and about other 4 million people earn their livelihoods from the fisheries 

sector (Fisheries Statistics, 2011). For the years 2005 – 2010, fish and fishery products 

exports from Tanzania earned the country US$ 195.2 million per annum. 

Local fisherman 

Tanzania has a total surface area of 945,037 sq. km. The area of freshwater cover is 

estimated at 54,337 sq. km., which is about 6.1 percent of the total country’s surface area. 

Page 40


The country has a Territorial Sea of 64,000 sq. km., an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 

covering an area of about 223,000 sq. km. and a stretch of a coastline of about 1,424 km 

long all in the Indian Ocean, and other inland water bodies (major and minor lakes, rivers, 

dams, ponds and wetlands), covering about 5,000 sq. km. 

The country shares three major inland lakes: Lake Victoria (shared with Kenya and 

Uganda), Lake Tanganyika (shared with Burundi, DRC and Zambia) and Lake Nyasa 

(shared with Malawi and Mozambique). 

Tanzania’s Water Bodies Distribution 

Water body 

Total area (sq. km) 

Tanzania territorial 

claim (%) 

Fishery potential 

(tons) 

Lake Victoria 68,000 35,088 (51%) 2,072,360 

Lake Tanganyika 32,900 13,489 (41%) 295,000 

Lake Nyasa 30,800 5,760 (20%) 168,000 

Marine (Territorial sea) 64,000 64,000 (100%) 100,000 

EEZ 223,000 223,000 (100%) N/A 

Other (minor water 

bodies) 

5,000 5,000 (100%) 30,000 

Source: Ministry of Livestock & Fisheries Development (MLFD, 2010) 

Investment Opportunities: 

The main investment opportunities existing in the fisheries industry are in the following 

areas: fishing, fish processing, value addition in fish and other fisheries products; cold 

chain, boat building, construction of a fish harbour, construction of dry docking facility, 

ecotourism, manufacturing of fishing gear and accessories. Other areas include; 

prawn/shrimp farming, mud-crab farming, pearl culture, finfish culture, seaweed 

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farming, hatchery for fingerlings production, fishing and culture of ornamental fish, fish 

feeds production and live food production. 

Fishing in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 

Fishing in the EEZ targets mainly tuna and tuna-like species which include; Yellow fin, Big 

eye, Albacore and Skip jack. Other species include; Marlin, Sharks and Swordfish. 

Although fish potential for this area have not yet been estimated, the existing catch on the 

fishery and willingness from long liners and purse seiners buying license from Tanzanian 

jurisdiction, indicates a potential for investment in this fishery. Fishing in the EEZ is 

under the jurisdiction of the Deep Sea Fishing Authority (DSFA). Tanzania is within the 

western Indian Ocean zone which has high productivity and there is strong seasonal 

migration of tuna with peaks between July and November. 

Value Addition in Fish and other Fishery Products 

As at December 2011 there were 9 fish processing plants operating around Lake Victoria 

on the Tanzanian side of the lake. These plants fillet Nile perch mainly for export market. 

Through this process, good amount of fish by-products such as fish maws, skins, off cuts, 

chips, frames, chests and silage are realized. Most of these byproducts are semi processed 

through salting, sun drying and dry smoking. Investment opportunity exist in the 

purchase of semi processed fish products from fish processing plants and further process 

them to produce various value added marketable products such as fish meal and cakes 

for domestic and export markets. 

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List of Fish Processing Establishments in Tanzania 

Plant 

Established 

Installed capacity Avg. production 

(tons/day) (tons/day) 

Vicfish Ltd - Mwanza 1992 107 25 

Tanperch Ltd - Mwanza 1992 120 20 

Mara Fish Packers Ltd 1992 50 - 

Tanzania Fish Processors Ltd 1993 120 20 

Mwanza Fishing Industry 1994 50 25 

Omega Fish Ltd – Mwanza 1997 70 25 

Nile Perch Fisheries Ltd – Mwanza 1992 90 30 

Chain Food International Ltd - 

Mwanza 

1999 15 - 

Prime Catch (Exporter) Ltd – Mara 2000 100 20 

Musoma Fish Processors Ltd - Mara 2001 40 20 

Kagera Fish Company Ltd 2003 18 - 

Vicfish Ltd (BKB) - Kagera 2005 60 18 

Tanzania Fisheries Development 

Company - Mwanza 

2008 80 25 

Sea Product Ltd - Tanga 1998 50 < 1 

Bahari Food Ltd – DSM 2005 10 < 1 

Tanpesca Mafia Ltd. 2003 50 2 

Royal African Lobster Tropical Ltd - 

DSM 

2003 52 1 

Alphakrust Ltd 2003 10 2 

Shamez Enterprises Ltd 1998 3 - 

Asmara Trading Company 2000 5 - 

Siza Cold Storage 2001 3 - 

Fruits De La Mer Ltd 1996 10 - 

Source: Ministry of Livestock & Fisheries Development (MLFD, 2010) 

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Most of the fish packaging materials are imported from outside the country as such 

investment opportunities exist in manufacturing of fish packaging materials. Other 

avenues for investment include marketing and distribution of value added fishery 

products, establishment of fish canning facilities and improvement of fish processing 

technology. 

Construction of Fishing Harbour 

Currently, fishing in the EEZ is dominated by foreign fleets (in 2008 35 foreign fleets were 

given license) which fish and take the produce without off-loading or undergoing 

production and export certification in the country. Construction of a fishing harbour will 

therefore, provide for the EEZ fishing vessels to anchor onshore which will enable the 

government and the would-be investors to obtain data/information on the catch and 

appropriate revenues from the fishing vessels in the EEZ. 

Construction of Dry Docking Facility 

The dry docking facility will serve the fishing vessels as well as merchant ships. Currently, 

there is no such a facility in Tanzania and as a result, dry docking for most of the fishing 

and merchant ships operating in the Tanzanian waters are done in Mombasa, Kenya. The 

need for such a facility in the country therefore, offers a great opportunity for investment. 

In summary there are ample potential investment and trade opportunities in the fisheries 

industry in Tanzania. The Government has taken initiatives in facilitating investment 

undertakings in various sectors of the economy. Conducive investment policies and 

regulatory frameworks are in place. The investment policy encourages private investors 

to proactively get engaged individually, through joint ventures and through Public-Private 

Partnership (PPP). 

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5.2.2. Forestry 

Forests and woodlands in Tanzania are estimated to cover about 35.5 million hectares, 

and constitute about 38% of the total area of the country. Of this, 13.5 ha are gazetted as 

national forests or local government forests and the remaining 25.5 million ha are on 

village or general land. Tanzania has 600 government forest reserves, covering about 

13% of the total land area. The reserved area includes 1.6 million ha that are managed as 

catchment forests and 80,000 ha of government plantations. 

In addition, there are 80,000 ha of private forest plantations. Most of the forest is 

savannah and intermediate woodland (dominated by brachy-stegia and isoberlinia 

species). The principal species of wood in Tanzania are valuable tropical woods, such as 

cedar, African rosewood, podocarpus and mahogany. There are also plantation forests 

covering an area of 250,000 - 300,000 ha. consisting of Pinus, Cupressus or Eucalyptus 

and Wattle. Investment opportunities available in forest industry include: 

Establishment of plantation forests 

The Government is actively promoting private sector and community involvement in 

management of governmental industrial plantation. It is seeking to encourage companies 

and individuals to invest in pulp and saw log growing and processing through mutually 

Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangements. 

Currently, there are 16 government-managed plantations in Tanzania, classified as forest 

reserves under the control of Forestry & Beekeeping Division (FBD) of the Ministry of 

Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT) encompassing a total of 83,000 ha. Future plans 

are for a 50,000 ha. expansion. 

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The major private industrial plantations include TANWAT, Green Resources Limited and 

Kilombero Valley Teak Company accounting in aggregate for 30,000 ha. there are also 

numerous small-scale woodlots and medium-sized plantations owned by small-holders, 

communities, districts, tea companies, faith-based organizations, schools etc. This 

accounts for between 120,000 – 150,000 ha in aggregate. 

Tea plantation 

Investment Opportunities 

There are multiple commercial opportunities in forestry sector. New large-scale investors 

such as New Forests Company and Oji Paper have entered the sector and are at initial 

phases of their large planting programs. Both are acquiring large areas of lands, in 

magnitude of 30,000 to 40,000 ha each to combine their own large plantation program 

with the adjacent communities in form of outgrower schemes. 

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Industrial establishments are needed to utilize forests to produce timber, chipboards, 

plywood, fiberboard, furniture, poles etc. Investment is needed in terms of transportation 

network as well as in bringing in new and efficient technology. The state of the privatized 

industries is insufficient as they still operate using outdated technology. It is currently 

estimated that only 30 - 40% of the raw material contributes towards the final product 

and the rest is wasted. 

5.2.3. Beekeeping 

Tanzania has a large potential for the establishment and management of bee reserves. 

Beekeeping plays a major role in socio – economic development and environmental 

conservation. It is a source of food (honey pollen and brood); raw materials for various 

industries, medicine and income for beekeepers. The sector’s contribution to the GDP is 

1%. It is a source of employment, provides income to the people, a source of recreation, 

ecotourism and foreign exchange earner. The estimated potential of bee products is about 

138,000 tons of honey and 9,200 tons of beeswax per annum from an estimated potential 

of 9.2 million honeybee colonies. Reports show that only 4,860 tons of honey and 324 

tons beeswax are produced annually, about 3.5 percent of the production potentials of 

bee products are tapped. 

Traditional beekeepers are the main producers of these products. Other non-wood 

products include tanwin, gum Arabic, wattle and medicinal plants. The bee-keeping 

segment offers numerous areas of investments, such as: 

Establishment of bee apiaries 

Honeybees are natural components of the ecosystem; they freely go across in public 

(unreserved) lands, forest reserves, game reserves and national parks. Cultivated plants 

such as sunflower, legumes, citrus trees, sisal, coffee, bananas, and maize, are also 

suitable for beekeeping. Apiaries can therefore, be established across a wide range of 

ecosystems. 

Page 47


Production of beekeeping equipment 

Opportunities exist for manufacturing and supply of equipment used in bee-keeping such 

as e.g. bee hives, protective gears, honey presses, honey extractors etc. 

Establishment of Bee products Based Industries 

There is potential for investing in industries such as in manufacturing of bees wax 

candles, shoe polishes, wood polishes, lubricants and pharmaceutical products. Honey 

packing plants and other industries, which use honey to make honey beer, wine, and 

confectioneries also qualifies for investment. 

5.3. TOURISM 

Tanzania has many tourist attractions. More than 44 per cent of the country’s land area is 

covered with game reserves and national parks. There are 16 national parks, 29 game 

reserves, 40 controlled conservation areas and marine parks. Tanzania is also home to 

the famous ‘Roof of Africa’, Mount Kilimanjaro. On 6 January 2012, The New York Times 

newspaper awarded Tanzania the 7 th position among 45 top destinations to visit. 

The tourist industry currently supports 27,000 jobs and generates 25% of Tanzania's 

foreign exchange. Tanzania received over 800,000 tourists in 2011. 

Tanzania has six World Heritage Sites. Only three countries in Africa have more: Tunisia 

(8) and Algeria and Ethiopia (7) and only Morocco has as many sites as Tanzania. The 

sites in Tanzania comprise two cultural and four natural sites: 

1. Ngorongoro Conservation Area 

2. Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara 

3. Serengeti National Park 

4. Selous Game Reserve 

5. Kilimanjaro National Park 

6. Stone Town of Zanzibar. 

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Tanzania's most well-known tourist attractions are located in north of the country and 

include Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain. Serengeti National Park is world 

famous and has spectacular seasonal migrations of animals. The Ngorongoro Reserve is 

an extinct volcanic caldera with excellent game viewing from the crater rim. The reserve 

has large herds of wildebeest and zebra, and lions and the endangered black rhinoceros. 

Tourism is also focused on the coast, especially the islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. 

Game fishing and diving are the main attractions in these islands. There is also a wide 

variety of destinations for cultural tourism such as Maasai boma and Bushmen 

settlements. All these present high value investment opportunities. 

Tourism trends in Tanzania 

2007 2008 2009 2010 

Arrivals 719,000 770,000 714,000 782,000 

International 

tourists in 

hotels 

Earnings in 

$ millions 

Avg. number of 

days stay 

Avg. 

expenditure per 

tourist per day 

674,000 724,000 665,000 719,000 

1, 198 1,315 1,159 1,254 

12 12 11 11 

217 235 241 282 

Source: National Bureau of Statistics 

Provision of Accommodation and Tourist Services 

The development of Tanzania as a multi centre tourism destination offers considerable 

potential growth prospect and provides ideal opportunities for investment. New 

accommodation, entertainment facilities, camping, lodges and guesthouses of 

international standards are needed in Tanzania. Joint venture opportunities are available 

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in Kilwa, Zanzibar, Mafia, Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, Arusha, Iringa, Kilimanjaro, Selous, 

Katavi, Saadani, Serengeti, Babati and Bukoba. 

Locations ranging from historical, cultural and archaeological sites to unspoiled beaches 

offer investment opportunities that cannot be matched anywhere in eastern and central 

Africa. Historical buildings that can be leased to private operators exist in towns such as 

Bagamoyo, Pangani, Tabora and Kilwa. 

Opportunities for man-made tourist attractions like theme parks and gambling resorts 

are still untapped. Others include establishing amusement parks, deep-sea fishing and 

sea and lake cruising. 

Need for more hotel rooms 

There are 174 registered and licensed tourist class hotels, offering 11,568 rooms in 

Tanzania. Dar es Salaam leads in accommodation facility investments, the large hotels of 

international standards, including Serena Hotel, Southern Sun, Hyatt Kilimanjaro Hotel, 

Double Tree Hotel, Sea Cliff Hotel and White Sands Hotel. These have a combined room 

capacity of about 1,500. 

The Hyatt Regency, a five 

star hotel with 180 rooms 

and suites, a casino and a 

ballroom for up to 400 

guests. 

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The northern tourist city of Arusha has been developed with 91 hotel investments, 

including the leading Impala Chain, which manages Impala Hotel, Naura Springs, and the 

prestigious Ngurdoto Mountain Lodge on the middle of Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount 

Meru. 

The Kilimanjaro region, famous for Mount Kilimanjaro and home of Tanzania’s Arabica 

coffee, has been developed with 38 high-class tourist hotels and lodges, including 

Kilemakyaro Mountain Lodge, Mountain Inn (Shah Tours), and Nakara Hotels. 

The rest of Tanzania, excluding Zanzibar, remains with little or negligible hotel 

investments. Investment is required for additional hotel capacity in existing tourist 

locations and new investment in untapped areas. 

Tour Operators and Agencies 

An increasing number of tourists also provide excellent opportunities in the tour 

operators and agencies business as well as investment in manmade tourist attractions 

like theme parks and gambling resorts. Other areas, which provide excellent investment 

opportunities, include beach tourism, historical sites, developing amusement parks, 

deep-sea fishing and sea and lake cruising. 

5.4. MANUFACTURING 

The manufacturing sector is at its infancy stage with few exploited areas whereby 

unprocessed agricultural commodities have dominated major exports. 

The manufacturing sector has shown steady growth over the years, registering 4% 

annual growth rate and a small contribution of 8% to the GDP. The sector employs around 

140,000 workers mainly in the urban areas, making 48% of monthly paid employees. The 

sector contributes to the Tanzania economy through revenue collection of import and 

export sales, corporate tax, and income tax, contributing about 20% foreign exchange to 

the government, third after agriculture, and tourism. 

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The activities consist of manufacturing simple consumer goods like food, beverages, 

textiles, tobacco, wood products, rubber products, iron, steel, and fabricated metal 

products. This sector offers a wide range of opportunities to both potential local and 

foreign investors. Even though the Government puts emphasis on few manufacturing 

areas, which are textile, leather, and food processing, there are plenty of manufacturing 

area that offer attractive returns on investments. 

Investors are advised to acquaint themselves with “ Sustainable Industrial Development 

Policy” that envisages industrialization of Tanzania during the first quarter of 21st 

century to become a semi industrialized country to the tune of contributing 40% of GDP. 

The potential for investment in this sector is great. Major players of this industry include 

Tanga (Holcim), Mbeya (Lafarge), and Portland (Heidelberg) cement companies, Tanzania 

Breweries Ltd (SABMiller), Tanzania Cigarette Company (JTI) and Kilombero Sugar 

Company (Illovo), etc. 

Some areas of investments involve: 

• Fruit/Vegetable Processing: Tanzania is richly endowed with a large variety of 

fruits and vegetables. Less than 10% of fruits and vegetables produced are 

processed. There is room for large scale production of a range of tropical as well as 

temperate fruits and vegetables. The following are possible areas for investment: 

(1) Processing and canning factories in regions with high potential for production 

of fruits and vegetables (2) Open fruit and vegetables plantations for domestic and 

export markets. Potential areas for horticultural crops are Arusha, Kilimanjaro, 

Tanga ,Morogoro, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Mbeya, Mwanza and Kagera. 

• Cashew nut processing: Tanzania is Africa's largest cashew nut grower after 

Nigeria and Ivory Coast, and the world's eighth biggest producer. Tanzania 

exported about 158,000 tons of cashew nuts in the 2011/2012 season. However, 

although 90% of the crop was harvested in the country, less than 10% was 

processed locally. The country is actively seeking to export processed cashew nuts. 

The total installed cashew nut processing capacities for the large firms in Tanzania 

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in 2012 was about 94,000 tons per season. The Cashew nut Board of Tanzania 

(CBT) and the Cashew nut Industry Development Trust Fund (CIDF) has set aside 

TZS 10 billion ((US$ 6 million) to boost local processing capacity. Opportunities 

exist for private investors to enter partnerships and joint ventures to boost local 

processing of cashew nut production. 

• Textile and apparel: Tanzania is Africa’s fourth largest producer of cotton; in 

2012 it produced 354,000 tons and had 1.4 million ha. of plantings. The country 

ranks behind Mali, Burkina Faso and Egypt as Africa’s largest grower of cotton, 

according to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Tanzania has more 

than 40 ginning companies, including S.M. Holdings Ltd., Alliance Ginneries Ltd., 

Birchand Oil Mill Ltd., Afrisian Ginning Ltd. and Gaki Investment Co. Tanzania’s 

cotton-planting season begins in October and ends in January, while harvesting 

takes place from June to December. Opportunities exist in establishing fullintegrated 

textile mills as well as plants for cotton ginning, cutting, making, and 

trimming. 

• Leather: Leather sector offers huge investment opportunities for manufacturing. 

Tanzania produces about 2.6 million pieces of raw hids and skins annually, 

whereas just 10% are processed locally and a large portion is exported in raw 

form. Opportunities in this area include putting up modern tanneries and leather 

finishing production units. 

5.4.1. Export Processing and Special Economic Zones (EPZ) 

EPZ and SEZ provide for a wide range of investment operations within the zones or 

within the stand alone industrial park, investors in this category are provided with 

operators’ license and start their business immediately without any need of having 

another license. An investor might choose to invest but not limited to the following 

sectors: 

1. Agriculture and agricultural products. 

2. Metal products, machinery and transport equipment. 

3. Electronics and electrical appliances. 

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4. Chemical, paper and plastics. 

5. Light industries. 

6. Mining, ceramics and gemstones. 

Qualification to invest in SEZ: 

Any investor can qualify to invest under Special Economic Zone Scheme provided he 

fulfills only these simple criteria. 

• The investment must be new. 

• Annual export turnover should not be less than US$ 5 million for foreign investors 

and US$ 1 million for local investors. 

• Adequate environmental protection systems. 

• Utilization of modern production process and new machinery. 

• Investments must only be located in SEZ industrial parks. 

Eligibility criteria for SEZ user licensing: 

• New investment 

• Minimum capital of US$ 500,000 and US$ 100,000 for foreign and local investors 

respectively 

• The investment must be located in the Special Economic Zone 

Eligibility criteria for SEZ Export user licensing: 

• New investment 

• At least 80% of goods produced/processed should be exported 

• Minimum annual export turnover of US$ 500,000 and US$ 100,000 for foreign and 

local investors respectively 

The EPZ policy places emphasis on products that use local materials, such as textiles and 

garments, leather goods, agro-processing, and the lapidary industry. The EPZ activities 

are regulated by the Export Processing Zones Act no.11 of 2002. The Special Economic 

Zones Act 2006 outlines areas, such as industrial parks, export processing zones, free 

Page 54


trade zones, free ports, tourist parks, science and technological parks, etc; as areas that 

may be regarded as special economic zones. The special economic zones also invite light 

industry in specific regions, such as Dar es Salaam, Tanga, Kigoma, and Mtwara. The 

Exemptions under EPZ and SEZ are available under their respective laws. 

Multiple incentives for SEZ investors: 

1. Exemption from payment of taxes and duties for machinery, equipment, heavy 

duty vehicles, building and construction materials and any other goods of capital 

nature to be used for purposes of development of SEZ infrastructure; 

2. Exemption from payment of corporate tax for an initial period of ten years and 

thereafter a corporate tax shall be charged at the rate specified in the Income Tax 

Act; 

3. Exemption from payment of withholding tax on rent, dividends and interest for 

the first ten years; 

4. Exemption from payment of property tax for the first ten years; 

5.5. OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION 

There have been several gas discoveries on the coastal shore of the Indian Ocean at 

Songosongo, Mnazi bay and Mkuranga in Coast Region. These discoveries are catalysts of 

natural gas developments in Tanzania. Currently there are 22 Oil Companies undertaking 

exploration activities for oil and gas in the country. These companies include: BG Group, 

Statoil, Petrobas and Ophir Energy. Tanzania is becoming a regional hub after flurry of 

discoveries, it is said to be blessed with over 41.7 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves at the 

latest estimates. 

There are still numerous deep-sea blocks that are yet to be explored. Tanzania Petroleum 

Development Corporation (TPDC), the National Oil Company is inviting oil and gas 

companies and other specialized investors to participate in the exploration of 

hydrocarbons in Tanzania. Companies may apply for tendered out blocks for available 

Page 55


blocks, successful companies will be invited to negotiate a Production Sharing Agreement 

(PSA). 

Currently, an open acreage includes the deep offshore sedimentary basin comprising of 7 

blocks, each with average size of 3,000 sq. km, that are located between 2,000 meters to 

3,000 meters of water depths from 20° 30’E to 41°40’E and 7°30’ to 9°00S and North lake 

Tanganyika block located offshore on the western arm of the East African Rift System. The 

Deep offshore blocks have a good coverage of modern regional 2D seismic data, which 

can be viewed at the ION GX Technology of Huston, Texas and WesternGeco of UK. Lake 

Tanganyika is the world’s longest (650 km) and second-deepest (1,500 meters). It is 

covered by sparse 2D seismic data, which were collected in the year 1980s during the 

African lakes drilling Project. 

For those interested in open acreage onshore or who wish to buy deep-sea data, they may 

contact: 

Permanent Secretary 

Ministry of Energy and Minerals 

P.O. Box 2000 

Tel: +255 22 117 153/9 

Fax: +255 22 116 719 

E-mail: mem@mem.go.tz 

Managing Director 

Tanzania Petroleum Development 

Corporation 

P.O. Box 2774 

Tel: +255 222 200 103/4 

Fax: +255 222 200 113 

E-mail:tpdcmd@raha.com 

5.6. MINING 

The Tanzania Mining industry is highly important due to that it accounts for a significant 

share of the country’s export revenues. The Government’s plan is to have this sector 

contribute 10% of GDP by 2025. Besides a few major companies, such as African Barick 

Gold, AngloGold Ashanti, Williamson Diamonds Limited (WDL), etc., this sector contains 

several medium scale companies and a cluster of small-scale mining companies. Key 

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mineral deposits include coal, copper, diamonds, gold, nickel, silver, uranium, and 

Tanzanite gemstone, which is found nowhere in the world other than Tanzania. Even 

though the current discoveries of huge deposits of gas may change the equation, the 

Government had a long view that coal should become one of the fastest growing areas in 

Tanzania, mainly because the country planned to deploy coal-fired power to offset the 

shortage of energy. 

Copper mine 

Rubies 

Coal mine 

Nickel mine 

This sector presents plenty of investment opportunities, such as: 

• Establishment of gold refinery activities 

• Establishment of value added activities: 

• Gemstone cutting and polishing (lapidary); 

• Rock and mineral carvings; 

• Jewelry manufacturing utilizing gold and gemstones; 

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• Mineral processing industry – e.g. smelters (amount of Cu –Concentrates) 

• New areas in mineral exploration: 

• Industrial minerals beneficiation for local consumption & export – e.g. lime 

production, soda ash, kaolin, gypsum, coal, iron ore, dimension stones etc. 

• Base metals including platinum group metal (PGMs) 

• Service industry: 

• Supply equipment & materials e.g. explosives, grinding media, mill liners 

etc. under JVs with Tanzanian entrepreneurs 

• Drilling 

5.6.1. Reasons to Invest in Tanzania Mining Sector 

1. Over 800,000 sq. km of varied geological terrains with potential mineral resources 

• Ongoing exploration works, which resulted in discovery of resources in excess of 

45 million ounces of gold, 1.5 million tons of nickel and 50 million carats of 

Tanzanite 

• An Achaean shield environment with a number of classical Canadian-and- 

Australian-type greenstone gold lode deposits, many capped by tropically 

weathered enrichment zones 

• An extensive Proterozoic terrain containing lode and near-surface gold deposit 

types, now attracting exploration attention in South America, West Africa and 

elsewhere 

• Potential for epithermal gold deposits in the faulted younger rocks on the coastal 

plain 

• A world-class diamondiferous kimberlite at Mwadui and more than 200 other 

kimberlites, many of which are yet to be thoroughly evaluated 

• Scores of occurrences of high-value coloured gemstones, such as emerald, ruby, 

tsavorite, sapphire, tanzanite, and alexandrite 

• A wealth of other opportunities in minerals, particularly industrial minerals 

including coal, iron, tin, graphite, evaporates, kaolin, lime stones, dimension 

stones, phosphates and gypsum 

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• More than a dozen carbonatites, dimension stones, few of which have been 

thoroughly explored 

2. Recent history of production decisions by well-financed, international companies 

3. A history of precious and base metals mining, with opportunities for revival in a new 

economic era 

4. Ample inventory of unexplored mineral ground 

5. A comprehensive, systematically archived database on geoscientific information and 

mineral resources 

6. Minimal competition at present from large multinational mining companies 

7. Technical staff trained in various disciplines associated with mining 

8. Well established supporting services to the mining sector 

5.6.2. Mineral Endowments 

Tanzania has over 800,000 sq. km of various geological terrains with potential mineral 

resources: 

• Gold in Archaean greenstone belts – south and east of Lake Victoria 

• Gold and base metals in Proterozoic rocks in southwestern, southern and eastern 

parts of the country 

• Kimberlite pipes in central and southern portion of the Archaean craton and in 

proterozoic south and east of the Craton 

• Gemstones such as tanzanite, ruby, sapphire, spinel, tourmaline, topaz, scapolite, 

aquamarine, emeralds, amethyst, garnets (tsavorite, rhodolite, hessonite, 

almandine, pyrope, etc.) in Proterozoic rocks east, west and south of the Archaean 

Craton 

• Nickel, copper and cobalt associated with ultramafic rocks Western part of the 

country 

• Tin and tungsten in Proterozoic rocks North western part of the country 

• Iron ore in Proterozoic rocks southern part of the country 

• Coal in Karoo System southern part of the country 

• Evaporates such as gypsum, salts in the rift valley and along the coastal belt 

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• Industrial minerals such as limestone, kaolin, diatomite, phosphates, graphite in 

different parts of the country. 

Exhibit 1: Mineral Deposits Map 

5.6.3. Competitive advantages of the Mining Sector: 

• Considerable unexploited mineral potentials; 

• Good investment climate through policy, legal, institutional reform; 

• Attractive fiscal package; 

• Social and political stability; 

• Accessible geological data and information; and 

• Transparent process of granting mineral rights 

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• For more information regarding this sector, please refer to the publication known 

as “opportunities for mineral resource development” prepared by and available at 

the Ministry of Energy and Minerals. 

5.7. REAL ESTATE 

It is projected that half of Tanzania’s 45 million population will have moved to urban 

centres in the next 20 years, more has to be done in terms of offering more housing loans 

and constructing homes to meet the ever-growing housing needs. 


As evidence, the major urban areas, 

namely Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, 

Tanga, Arusha and Mbeya, continue to 

experience a rapid population 

growth, as do dozens of smaller 

towns and townships. For over three 

decades, the urban population has 

been growing faster than the supply 

of descent living homes for the urban 

dwellers. 

Accommodation in Dar es Salaam and other cosmopolitan areas is in acute shortage due 

to, among other reasons, the rapid growth of economic projects, which have attracted a 

huge population of persons (international and local) with the need of residence. Investors 

may form a synergy with National Housing Corporation (NHC) or Tanzania Building 

Agency (TBA), or other private firms and provide commercial building solutions for 

residential and commercial purposes. Some specific opportunities in this sector include: 

• Development and management of housing estates 

• Erection and management of residential apartments 

• Development and management of office buildings 

• Building and management of conference and banquet facilities 

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• Creation and management of shopping malls 

• Setting up and managing movie theatres and entertainment facilities 

• Development and management of hotels 

• Establishment and management of mixed use real estate properties 

• Provision of home financing, etc. 

5.8. TRANSPORTATION 

There has been a sustained effort on the part of Government to create essential transport 

infrastructure and services to improve access to jobs, education and health facilities and 

also to facilitate domestic and international trade as well as strengthen regional 

integration and attract foreign investment 

Transport services grew by 6.0% in 2009 compared to 6.9% in 2008, based on latest 

figures available. However, the subsector’s contribution to GDP grew from 4.2% in 2008 

to 5.2% in 2009. 

Institutional Sector Reforms 

The Ministry of Infrastructure Development oversees the development of the transport 

sector in the country. It has instituted several reforms aimed at improving transport 

infrastructure development and management. Among the reforms is the transforming 

into semi-autonomous agencies whose functions are of operational or service delivery 

nature. Operational Agencies are Tanzania National Roads Agency (TANROADS), Tanzania 

Airports Authority (TAA), Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA), Tanzania Government 

Flight Agency (TGFA), and Tanzania Electrical, Mechanical and Electronic Services Agency 

(TEMESA). Reforms have also resulted into the establishment of transport regulatory 

authorities that include Surface and Marine Transport Regulatory Authority (SUMATRA) 

and the Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority (TCAA). 

Page 62


The reforms include increasing private sector participation in the transport sector 

through management contracts and/or outright sale of parastatal. 

Government’s 5 Year Development Plan: 

The Government has set various specific goals towards achieving the Vision 2025 and the 

Five Year Development Plan. Such goals include: 

1. Maintaining and upgrading existing railway lines in order to increase the current 

tonnage of cargo that is transported within and through Tanzania to neighbouring 

countries. The specific goal is to strive to reach the 2.3 million tons by 2018 and 

then increasing that tonnage to 4.0 million per annum by 2023 

2. Expanding cargo volume handling capacity at sea ports and lake ports from the 

present 10.0 million tons handled annually to 20.0 million by 2020 

3. Development of effective modal interfaces on the sea and inland water ports, and 

inland cargo and passenger terminals to promote inter-modal transport thereby 

reducing tariff and travel and delivery times for upcountry and transit traffic 

4. Expanding Tanzania’s air cargo and passenger freight handling capacities and 

specifically developing Julius Nyerere International Airport into a hub by 2020 

5. Developing and strengthening institutions to implement strategic PPPs in 

transport infrastructure 

5.8.1. Investment Opportunities Available in Roads 

• Building road related infrastructure through Build Operate and Transfer 

• Partnership among private operators to create medium-size commercial fleet 

operators 

• Establishment of the commuter city bus transportation companies 

• Provision of infrastructure facilities in major cities like Dar es Salaam. These 

facilities may include Parking, Bus Bays and Shelters 

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• In an endeavor to promote PPPs in infrastructure investment, Tanzania is about to 

enact a legislation which will provide the necessary legislative framework for toll 

roads, which covers the following areas: 

• Grant of concession to the private sector and the right to levy and collect user 

charges 

• Specification of highway functions that need to be exercised by the concessionaire 

• Toll setting and revision mechanism 

Exhibit 2: Tanzania Trunk Road Map 

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5.8.2. Investment Opportunities Available in Railways 

The railways system has a total track length of 3,676 km, which are operated by two 

railway systems: the Tanzania Railway Limited (TRL)-2,706km and Tanzania-Zambia 

Railway Authority (TAZARA)-970 km. The two systems interface at Kidatu and at Dar es 

Salaam port. Together, the railways serve 14 of the 21 regions of Mainland Tanzania. They 

also serve neighbouring countries of Zambia, DRC, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda and Malawi. 

The system is requires investment, particularly the TRL network, to upgrade the network 

and improve operations in order to meet demand and to compete against road 

transportation. Tanzania Railways Limited carried a total of 237,000 tons of cargo in 

2009 and a total of 285,000 passengers were transported in 2009. 

• Develop inland container depots and inter-modal container operations 

• Specialized railway maintenance and construction 

• Expand railway network through various schemes including Build Operate and 

Transfer (BOT), Build Own Operate Transfer (BOOT) etc. 

• Possible areas for expansion are Isaka-Kigali, Arusha – Musoma, Uvinza – 

Kasulu – Magamo (Burundi), and Mbamba Bay – Mtwara 

• Own Locomotives and rolling stock for on account usage 

• Develop Inland Container Depots (ICD) and International Container Operations 

(ICO) at Mwanza, Kigoma, Tabora, Morogoro, Arusha, Tanga, Shiyanga, Dodoma 

and Mpanda 

• The major area for investment includes, the construction of a railway line to link 

TAZARA railway and the mining sites of Mchuchuma coal and Liganga iron fields 

so as to export mines via Dar es Salaam port or Mtwara port. This project is under 

the Mtwara Development Corridor 

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5.8.3. Investment Opportunities Available in Maritime Transport 

Both sea and inland waterways ports in Tanzania are managed and operated by the 

Tanzania Ports Authority (TPA). The port of Dar es Salaam is one of the key entry points 

into the East Africa region with an annual throughput of 7 million tons handling about 

93% of Tanzania’s port traffic. 

It is also an important outlet for 

neighboring land-locked countries. In 2009 

it had a rated capacity of 4.1 million (dead 

weight tonnage) dry cargo and 6.0 million 

(dead weight tonnage) bulk liquid cargo. 

Cargo volumes handled at the port have 

expanded by 15% per year since 2004. 

Maritime transport vessel in Dar es Salaam 

• Supplying of provisions to ships such as fresh water, brokers and slop chest for 

ships 

• Providing ships docking facility – Synchno Lift/engraved Dock. Possible areas for 

investing are Tanga, Dar es Salaam, Mtwara ports; and Mwanza on Lake Victoria, 

Kigoma and Kasanga ports on Lake Tanganyika and Itungi on Lake Nyasa 

• Private operator's participation in providing marine services over Lake Victoria, 

Tanganyika and Nyasa 

• Provide dry docking service to ports 

• Build a car freight station and freight village which will offer an opportunity for 

consolidating cargo handling activities in the port, rail and road in a designated 

area 

5.8.4. Investment Opportunities Available in Air Transport 

There are 126 airports in Tanzania including airstrips serving domestic and international 

traffic. 62 of the airports and airstrips are owned and managed by the government. 

Page 66


Tanzania has 4 international airports located in Dar es Salaam (JNIA), Zanzibar (ZIA), 

Kilimanjaro (KIA), and Mwanza (MWZ). 

Julius Nyerere International Airport (JNIA) 

The government through the Tanzania 

Airports Authority (TAA) and Tanzania 

Civil Aviation Authority (TCAA) has 

implemented a number of development 

projects which are designed to further 

modernize the airports, particularly: JNIA, 

KIA and ZIA. 

In 2009 there were 63 aviation industry providers and about 1 million international 

travelers. 

• Establish a new airline to compete with existing service providers 

• Building of hotels at an Airport-Mwalimu Nyerere International Airport, Mwanza 

and Arusha; 

• Building Warehousing facilities including cold storages at Mwalimu Nyerere 

International Airport, Mwanza and Kigoma 

• Building a shopping complex at Mwalimu Nyerere International Airport and 

Mwanza Airport 

• Building of hanger facilities at Mwalimu Nyerere International Airport, Mwanza 

and Arusha Airports 

• Extension of Terminal Building at Mwalimu Nyerere International Airport 

• Development of EPZ at Mwalimu Nyerere International Airport, KIA, Mtwara, 

Kigoma and Mwanza Airports 

• Construction of first and business class lounges at Mwalimu Nyerere International 

Airport 

• Lease of the entire lake Manyara, Shinyanga and Moshi Airports for development 

of aviation related activities 

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Please refer to the next exhibit for more details regarding key airline operators and 

market share. 

Exhibit 3: Airline Operators Market Share 

20.70% 

6.10% 

Air Tanzania 

Precision Air 

14.30% 

Costal Travel 

Others 

58.90% 

5.9. SERVICES 

Tanzania’s service sector has increased in the last few years relative to other sectors. 

Tourism, real estate and business services helped the broader service sector grow to an 

estimated 43.8 percent of Tanzania’s GDP in 2007. A worth noting point is how important 

the Public Private Partnership concept in terms of bridging the gap between the need and 

supply of high quality services that require substantial amount of initial capital 

investment. Some of these services include transport and communications, which are 

essential public utilities, but which, in a developing economy, are too expensive for the 

Government alone or the private sector to execute, but which, due to the essential nature 

require close coordination between public and private partnership. 

Similarly, utilities like electricity and water are essential services which the public needs, 

but which also, in developing economies, may be too expensive for either the Government 

or the private sector to individually execute. These services therefore require some sort 

Page 68


of concerted efforts between the government and partners in the form of Public –Private 

Partnership (PPP). The Services Sector is thus one vast area where PPP Partnerships 

seem to offer appropriate solutions in implementation for the public good, and where 

investments can be planned and accomplished in coordination between the Government 

and the private sector. 

5.10. INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 

Tanzania has made remarkable progress in deploying Information and Communication 

Technology ICT. This progress has been well received by the citizens and service 

providers who are striving to address unmet demand and competition in newly opened 

markets. Development of science, technology and innovation capabilities are critical in 

bolstering the country’s competitiveness. The goals and targets discussed in Vision 2025 

that are especially relevant to competitiveness are promotion of science and technology; 

education; and promotion of ICTs. The fact unquestionable by many is that productivity 

growth is driven by the adoption of technology. 

ICT will play a crucial role in the 

transformation process from a resourcebased 

to a skill-based and technologybased 

economy in order to transform the 

country’s production structure. The ICT 

sector in Tanzania offers plenty of 

investment opportunities. Some of the 

Utilizing latest technology in new media 

opportunities include: 

• E-Business 

• Provision of media services 

• Supply of digitization equipment 

• Software development 

• Business process outsourcing 

• Rural communication (internet villages) 

• Data storage area networks 

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• Hardware assembling 

• Call centres 

• Integrated solution planning 

• Financing of the National ICT Infrastructure Backbone 

• Multimedia development 

• Establishment of ICT village hubs 

• Hardware assembly and repairs, etc. 

5.11. FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 

Testimonial 

“Over the last two decades, the financial landscape in Sub Saharan Africa has 

changed enormously. Hand in hand with the various reform programs that have 

been adopted by many countries in Africa, the banking system across the 

continent has grown significantly, keeping pace with the remarkable economic 

growth witnessed in many African countries. The banking 

The system has not only increased in scale, but now offers a wider range of 

services across a much wider geographic coverage than it did a decade ago.” 

Prof. Benno Ndulu, 

Governor, Bank of Tanzania (2012). 

The banking system in Tanzania (which dominates the financial system) is liquid and 

resilient to most of the shocks. Despite some indications of progress resulting from the 

reforms, the system falls short of what is needed to support economic growth. This 

results in high interest rates on loans, currently 12% to 20%, while the interest rates on 

deposits are at 2%. 

Page 70


The banking sector in Tanzania has been booming, growing in assets and in profits 

Because of this, new merchant banks, commercial banks, bureau de change, insurance 

companies, a stock exchange and related financial units, have entered the market. There 

are four categories of banks, oriented towards different markets and clientele operating 

in Tanzania: local private banks, regional banks, international banks and multinational 

banks. Overall, the outlook for the banking industry in Tanzania is very positive and there 

are appealing opportunities for newcomers to the sector. 

Tanzania’s higher-than-average economic growth rate is fuelling the emergence of an 

educated middle class that aspires to achieve a more affluent lifestyle in which traditional 

depository, credit, insurance, and investment products play an important role. The 

expansion of this middle class is expanding national demand for financial services from 

established providers and could represent a new opportunity for financial services 

companies looking for growth. 

Currently, there is a positive trend in lending to SMEs that is producing greater 

confidence in their growth potential among financial institutions and, more generally, in 

the economy as well, which is generating a positive spiral. In addition, the government is 

also introducing new laws that are expected to enhance lending activities. 

5.12. TELECOMMUNICATION 

The Communication Act of 1993 paved the way for advancement of the 

telecommunication sector, while the National Telecommunication Policy (NTP) of 1997 

provided the framework for further reforms and private-sector engagement in the sector. 

A milestone in telecom sector was achieved by the establishment of the Tanzania 

Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) in 2003, as an independent agency for the 

regulating and licensing of postal, broadcast, and communication, industries. The TCRA is 

mandated to promote competition and economic efficiency, protect consumer interests, 

grant licenses and enforce license conditions, regulate tariffs, and monitor performance. 

Page 71


Please refer to the next exhibit regarding subscribers of voice telecommunication in 

Tanzania. 

Exhibit 11: Subscribers of Voice Telecommunications in Tanzania 

11% 

0% 

0% 1% 

23% 

34% 

Sasatel 

Benson 

TTCL 

Vodacom 

Airtel 

Tigo 

Zantel 

31% 

Source: Tanzania Communication Regulatory Authority (TRCA) 

Communication activities continue to grow at a rate of 20% annually due to increase in 

mobile phone activities. Major providers of mobile services include Vodacom, Airtel, Tigo, 

TTCL, and Zantel. Tanzania is now connected to the fiber optic cable to global networks 

through India and Europe. This development has resulted in increased investments by 

internet service providers (ISP). As indicated by TCRA, the number of internet users was 

4.9 million (2010 estimates), which implied that only 20% percent of people in Tanzania 

had access to internet services. During the same year 2010, the tele-density of 

telecommunication sector grew by 50% percent. Please refer to figure below for more 

information regarding subscribers of fixed networks in Tanzania. 

Page 72

Number of subscribers 


Exhibit 5: Subscribers of Fixed Networks in Tanzania 

160,000 

150,000 

140,000 

120,000 

100,000 

80,000 

60,000 

40,000 

20,000 

- 

TTCL 

10,000 

Zantel 

Source: Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) 

The TCRA has also approved a Converged Licensing Framework (CLF), which allows 

operators to offer any type of services with the technology of their choice with one single 

license. The licenses are technology-neutral and service-neutral. Following such 

convergence in licensing, Tanzania’s telecommunication sector has become more 

appealing to both Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and domestic capital, and is becoming 

one of the country’s fastest growing sectors. Telecommunication market potential 

indicated positive signs, such as penetration rate of 61% percent; 24,345,279,292 

minutes of national traffic; 201,827,164 minutes of traffic to international; and 

253,811,569 minutes of traffic from international. This sector offers numerous 

investment opportunities, such as: 

• Provision and operation of Private Network Links employing cables, radio 

communications, or satellite, within Tanzania 

• Provision and operation of Public Mobile Communications (Cellular Mobile 

telephony, Paging, and Trunked Radio) 

• Provision and operation of Community Telecommunication (Rural and Urban) 

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• Provision and operation of Value Added Network/Data Services (Internet, Voice 

Mail, Electronic Mail services) 

• Sales and installation of Terminal Equipment 

• Repair and maintenance of telecommunications facilities, and 

• Cabling (e.g. Telephone-external and internal wiring for residential, office etc.). 

5.13. ENERGY 

Tanzania is endowed with diverse energy sources including biomass, natural gas, hydro, 

coal, geothermal, solar and wind power and uranium, much of which is untapped. 

Commercial energy sources i.e., petroleum and electricity, account for about 8% and 

1.2%, respectively, of the primary energy used. Coal, solar and wind account for less than 

1%. 

Electricity lines 

Tanzania has per capita electricity 

consumption of 46/KWh per annum, which 

is growing at the rate of 11 - 13 per cent. 

Hence the government is encouraging 

investment to expand generating capacity, 

distribution system and developing 

indigenous sources of energy. 

At present, 21% of the population with about 7.4 percent in the rural areas has access to 

electricity. Considerable scope exists for accelerating the production of electricity to meet 

the growing demand especially in the rural areas through off-grid solutions. 

The Tanzania power sector is dominated by a single vertically integrated national utility, 

Tanzania Electricity Supply Company Ltd (TANESCO). The total grid installed generation 

capacity of both TANESCO’s power plants and private producers is currently at 1,438.24 

MW, whereby 561 MW is generated from TANESCO owned hydro power stations and 

thermal 658 MW. National electricity connectivity is about 14%. The contribution of non- 

Page 74


hydro renewable energy for power generation is less than 5%. The following investment 

opportunities exist in the energy sector: 

• Generation, transportation and distribution of energy from various sources 

• Power infrastructure development, rehabilitation and expansion 

• Extraction of biofuels – Ethanol from sugar; Biodiesel from palm oil and jatropha 

• Construction of Petroleum pipeline and Petroleum products offloading terminals 

development of upcountry storage and distribution facilities 

• Geothermal exploration and development 

• Rural Electrification 

• Development of new and renewable energy resources, and 

• Promotion of energy efficiency and conservation initiatives 

Tanzania is a participating member to Southern African Power Pool and Eastern Africa 

Power Pool. Tanzania plans to join various regional interconnectors to countries like 

Zambia, Mozambique, Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Rwanda. These interconnectors 

provide opportunities for power trading in the region. 

Wood-fuel accounts for up to 90% of total national energy consumption, with about 2% 

from electricity and 8% from petroleum products. Whereas Tanzania has plentiful natural 

gas, coal, hydropower, solar and biomass resource potential; it has one of the world’s 

lowest levels of electricity consumption per capita. Considerable scope exists for 

accelerating electrification to meet the growing demand, especially in the rural areas 

through off-grid solutions. 

5.14. BROADCASTING 

Broadcasting sector constitutes few players who own multiple TV stations and or radio 

channels. IPP Media, for instance, owns three TV channels, namely ITV, EATV, and Capital. 

Africa Media Group owns four TV channels, known as DTV, Channel 10, CTN and C2C, 

whereas Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation owns two TV channels, TBC1 and TBC2. 

Page 75


Most current information available from TCRA indicated that, there are now 29 television 

stations and 47 radio stations nationwide. With regards to radio broadcasting, FM radio 

stations dominate the airwaves, most of them focusing on musical entertainment. As of 

December 2012, TCRA managed to perform a digital broadcast switch, which entails the 

end of analogue broadcast as most broadcasting is now digital, the fact that improved the 

signal quality and increased the coverage area. 

Given the amount of broadcasting players in addition to the nature of products, this 

sector offers an attractive environment for further investments. Some specific areas of 

investment are mentioned in the next bullet paragraph. Radio broadcast media also 

presents lucrative areas of investing, thanks to TCRA’s digital switchover initiative. The 

broadcasting sector [both TV and radio] presents plenty of investment opportunities, 

such as: 

• Establishment of television production companies 

• Creating mainstream television programs for international market 

• Provision of local content television channels for local market 

• Management of the programs data stream 

• Service of program guide 

• Channel capacity and reconfiguration management 

• Transmission path redundancy and fail-safe systems 

• News systems [for gathering and processing news] 

• Digital audio equipment (for production and processing) 

• Archiving (for the storage of audio and text) 

• Automation (for scheduling and control), etc. 

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6. Other Areas of Investment 

Education Sector 

Health Sector 

Insurance Services 

Security Services 

Construction Industry 

Water and Sanitation 

Integrated Waste Management 

6.1. EDUCATION SECTOR 

The demand for investment in educational services is also enormous. The government 

endures the most of providing education to most of schooling population. Lately, the 

private sector has been involved to a certain extent, but the fact remains that, the capacity 

of educational institutions—from elementary to college levels—can hardly accommodate 

just a proportion of the huge supply of prospective students. Despite the achievements 

made in this sector, in order to meet the demand for skilled labor by 2015/16, 

institutions of higher education need at least 80,000 skilled graduates each year, which 

implies almost two times of the current enrollment. 

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University of Dar es Salaam 

University of Dodoma 

In addition, Vocational Training schools shall need to produce approximately 635,000 

compared to current 116,000. These educational goals are in line with the Government’s 

objective to have 26,000 physical scientists; 88,000 architects and engineers; 22,000 life 

scientists; 64,000 medical, dental, and veterinary scientists; 30,000 economists; 63,000 

accountants; etc. So as to cope with globalization and local skill needs in knowledge 

based economy, the education sector plays a huge role hence opportunities to establish 

“centres of excellence” in the hospitality industry, agriculture, trade, manufacturing, 

financial services, engineering and information technology, to produce high skilled man 

power. In summary, investment opportunities in the education sector may be explained 

by referring to the government objectives [as laid down in 2011-16 development plan], 

which involves: 

• Improve availability of skilled labour 

• Train diploma and grade A teachers in Teachers' colleges 

• Improve learning and teaching environment for Folk Development 

Centres/Colleges 

• Provision of scholarships for targeted skills (development of natural gas, uranium, 

iron and steel and petroleum) 

• Improve and increase the number of training centres and programmes as 

suggested in the strategic interventions and/or activities/projects of each of the 

core priority sector 

• Improve accessibility and equity at all levels of education 

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• Improve quality at all levels of education 

• Increase student enrollment in science and engineering, education, agriculture 

and health profession. 

6.2. HEALTH SECTOR 

Tanzania Government in association with several stakeholders has continued to pursue 

improvements on availability along with the standards of health services. Reproductive 

and child health services are among key priority areas with an intention to reduce 

maternal and child mortality rate. As of 2010, there were 6,321 health facilities in the 

country with a total number of 45,241 beds. The health care continues to show some 

improvements, in particular by looking at health indicators. The achievements in health 

care were mostly due to some specific Government interventions. 

Besides the achievements made, there are still some areas that need further 

improvements, such as the number of health care facilities and skilled health care 

workforce. As evidence, only 35% of required skilled health care personnel were active in 

rural areas (2009 estimates). For those who wish to invest or give a hand into the health 

care sector, there are numerous opportunities, especially as demonstrated in Tanzania’s 

Five Year Development Plan (2011-2016) with emphasis on improving health services 

and strengthen the management of health care system. 

By the end of 2016, the government intends to reduce the burden of Malaria by 80%, 

Increase and strengthen services for the care and treatment of those with HIV/AIDS 

down to 800,000, reduce prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis by 

50%, increase the percentage of deliveries attended by skilled health care workers from 

46% in 2004 to 80%. Obviously, these government objectives infer opportunities in 

establishing more private health centres and dispensaries, additional medical training 

facilities, modern diagnosis and health service equipment, extra ambulances and other 

life-saving items, plus other amenities that will enhance government capacity in its 

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objective to improve the accessibility and quality of health services. Some specific 

investment areas involve: 

• Creating mechanisms and methods for care and rehabilitative treatment services 

at all levels 

• Providing resources to facilitate the construction and rehabilitation of health 

facilities at all levels 

• Offering housing and other incentives for public health workers 

• Providing training for health personnel (medical doctors, nurses and paramedical 

graduates, laboratory technicians) 

• Offering health tools and equipment at all levels 

• Establishing pharmaceuticals and offering drugs for curative and preventive 

measures 

• Providing health information systems to facilitate efficient health planning and 

programs 

6.3. INSURANCE SERVICES 

Both present and future market environment offers enormous opportunities for growth 

of the insurance industry. Data obtained from the Insurance Supervisory Department 

(ISD) indicated that, insurance market size (with respect to premiums) increased by 

33.6% to TZS 154 billion in 2007. The projected average annual growth rate was 15% for 

subsequent five years. According to the ISD, there was a growing demand for insurance. 

The growing demand was due to several factors, such as regained public confidence in 

insurance services and government’s efforts to create wealth. 

Regulatory environment creates great opportunity for success to industry, for example, 

section 111 of insurance act of 1996 and insurance regulation 33 that requires all 

insurances for locally based risks must be placed within Tanzanian insurers in order to 

boost the market. An increasing number of individuals and institutions who need 

insurance services is a clear indicator of the potential insurance market. Currently, there 

is a huge population of individuals, groups, and institutions, which is not covered by any 

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insurance plan. This untapped segment may offer a significant potential market if 

appropriate strategies are carried out to reach them. Insurance sector in Tanzania offers 

plenty of assurance, reinsurance, and reassurance, business opportunities. To be specific, 

some areas of investment available in the business of providing insurance services 

include: 

• Accident 

• Aircraft liability 

• Sickness 

• Liability for ships 

• Land vehicles 

• General liability 

• Railway rolling 

• Credit 

• Aircraft 

• Suretyship 

• Ships 

• Miscellaneous 

• Goods in transit 

• Legal expenses 

• Fire and natural forces 

• Assistance 

• Damage of property 

• Life insurance 

• Motor vehicle liability 

• Pension 

• Permanent health 

6.4. SECURITY SERVICES 

There are few security firms operating in Tanzania relative to the market potential. 

Factors such as rapid gains in economic activity, rising personal incomes, foreign direct 

investment activities, and the increasing belief that public safety forces are overburdened 

or unable to provide sufficient protection, are positive signs in this sector. High increase 

of banks imply more opportunity to provide cash-in-transit security, high speed 

construction of office facilities indicates more room for security providers, and the influx 

of more firms engaged in exploration and extraction of gas, oil, and other minerals, is a 

clear indicator of promising security services market. 

The demand for security services in Tanzania is increasing due to the drivers of demand 

for security services, such as urbanization, real and perceived risks of crime and 

terrorism, belief that public safety measures are not efficient, and most importantly, the 

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growth of the middle class, with assets to protect and the means to pay for 

supplementary services. The intensity of security service use (measured against 

indicators such as GDP and urban population) in Tanzania is relatively low, indicating 

significant growth potential now and towards the unforeseen future. Furthermore, 

increasing regulation and a trend toward greater professionalism improves public trust in 

security service businesses, thereby driving the market size. 

6.5. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 

With Tanzanians’ intent to improve roads, the demand for constructing roads is very high. 

Good trunk roads are needed not only to connect regions but also the demand is 

increasing in also connecting district headquarters. 

The demand therefore is huge in 

investment in road construction even if to 

facilitate transport of produce from rural to 

district markets, and to facilitate economic 

activities. While the Government reserves a 

substantial amount of its budget for road 

construction each year, there is also a room 

for those construction companies that 

source funds in special arrangements from 

their native countries. Civil construction is 

also booming for both commercial and 

residential buildings to accommodate for 

the high demand of office premises as well 

as residential houses. Some specific 

investment areas in the construction sector 

involve to: 

New skyscraper construction in Dar es Salaam 

• Construct tarmac and non-tarmac roads to connect districts, regions, and other 

nations 

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• Build housing estates 

• Construct residential apartments 

• Build office buildings 

• Construct conference and banquet facilities 

• Build shopping malls 

• Construct movie theatres and entertainment facilities 

• Build hotels 

• Construct mixed use real estate properties 

• Offer construction support services, such as financing and provision of 

construction materials. 

6.6. WATER AND SANITATION 

Water is one of the country’s most important natural resources. Tanzania is not only 

endowed with some of the world’s largest lakes, it is also covered with a myriad of rivers 

and basins. Many of the country’s sectors rely on water as a major input of production, 

but two sectors stand out as being particularly reliant on water: the agriculture and the 

energy sectors. As revealed by the government budget speech, just about 1 percent of the 

29 million hectares available for cultivation in the country are irrigated. Increasing the 

water supply to those fields through irrigation would positively affect the growth rate of 

the sector and the productivity in crop production as a whole. In addition, around 59 

percent of the country’s electricity is produced by hydro-energy, making it by far the first 

source of energy production. A close monitoring of the dams and plants and the water 

flow reaching those facilities will be crucial in order to stabilize the electricity supply in 

the coming years. 

Provision of safe water and good quality sanitation facilities is of primary importance to 

ensure the well-being of the people. At present, the share of population with access to 

safe drinking water stands at 57.8 % in rural areas and 86 % in urban areas. Based on the 

World Bank WDI data, Tanzania has a long way to go with regard to its performance in 

the provision of safe water services. Particularly, in parts of the Central Region, women 

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and children still commute long distances every day to fetch water. Around 11 percent of 

the rural population has no access to sanitation facilities, compared to 1.5 percent in the 

urban areas. 

Knowing the need to significantly increase investments in water supply and resources 

infrastructure in the nation, the Government set numerous operational objectives 

designed to improve water and sanitation sector, such as expansion of irrigation land, 

ensure reliable water supply to key production sectors and services (agriculture and 

industry), stabilization of hydro power generation, ensure reliable water sources for 

domestic use as one of the indirect production factors towards economic development. 

Specific opportunities in this sector, based on Government intervention initiatives, are 

prevalent in terms of: 

• Strengthen water resources management to cater for social-economic activities 

(irrigation, hydropower generation, industrial, domestic use and for ecosystem) 

• Scale-up rural water supply services 

• Improve water supply services in Dar es Salaam 

• Enhance water supply services in district and small towns 

• Increase water supply services in regional centres 

• Improve sanitation facilities in urban and rural areas 

• Advance water pollution control and monitoring 

6.7. INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT 

The avenue of providing solutions for solid waste management in the country presents 

enormous opportunities, especially in Dar es Salaam and other major cities like Mwanza 

and Arusha. Dar es Salaam city produces a substantial amount of metric tonnes of solid 

waste per day. Management of this waste through recycling will reduce environmental 

pollution and offer employment opportunities through commercial ventures. Investors 

are highly welcome to invest in solid waste management. Recycling of waste can be 

undertaken through various forms, such as Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) or a 

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private sector initiative, and may be extended to other cities and towns in the country. 

Specific areas of investment interests include: 

• Waste disaggregation 

• Sanitary landfills 

• Recycling 

• Sewerage systems maintenance 

• Cleaning of the polluted rivers and other areas 

• Modern waste management equipment, such as self-loading trucks, mixers, 

sorters etc. 

• Establishment and maintenance of public parks along the selected river banks 

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7. Investment Incentives 

With an investment climate supported by a sound regulatory framework, improved 

infrastructure, high quality telecommunications, and a reasonably professional 

workforce, the Tanzania’s economy is dynamic and offers substantial tax and other 

incentives that are designed to encourage investment projects. 

7.1. INVESTMENT TAX INCENTIVES 

Tanzania recognizes the importance of investment in stimulating economic growth and 

development in the country and creating a potential for sustainable future revenue 

generations. A number of tax incentives are granted to both local and foreign investors in 

a variety of sectors in order to encourage investment. 

An Investment policy was put in place in 1990 when the Government enacted the 

National Investment Promotion and Protection Act (NIPPA) 1990, which granted tax 

incentives to investors in the form of tax holidays for a specific period of time. The NIPPA 

1990 was repealed and replaced by the Tanzania Investment Act, 1997 that is now 

operational. 

The Tanzania Investment Act (TIA) 1997 transferred all the tax incentives to Income Tax, 

2004, East African Community Customs Management Act, 2004, Value Added Tax Act. 

1997 as revised in 2006. The main objective of this incentive was to make the tax 

structure more transparent and less complicated to taxpayers. Since then income tax 

holidays were abolished and tax incentives are now granted to investors in the form of 

enhanced capital deductions and allowances. 

Investment Laws abolished Income Tax holidays and tax incentives are now granted in 

the form of enhanced capital deductions and allowances. 100% capital expenditure to 

mining and agricultural sectors. The Income Tax Laws allow 50% capital allowances in 

the first year of use for plant and machinery used in manufacturing processes and fixed in 

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a factory, fish farming; or providing services to tourists and in a hotel. Indefinitely carry 

forward of losses against future profits. However companies with perpetual tax loss for 3 

consecutive years as a result of tax incentives on investments are charged 0.3% of annual 

turnover. 

Corporate Tax - 30% and newly listed company to DSE with at least 30% of its shares 

issued to the public for three consecutive years from the date of listing – 25% 

Withholding Tax on: dividends (10%) and (10%) on loan interest, on Rental Income 

(10%). 

The investors who are in lead and priority sectors, they are allowed Import Duty and VAT 

exemptions on their Capital/ Deemed Capital Goods; these sectors are; agriculture 

including livestock, Air Aviation, Commercial buildings, Commercial, development and 

microfinance Banks, export oriented projects, Geographical Special development areas, 

Human resources development, manufacturing, Natural Resources including fisheries, 

timber and beekeeping, rehabilitation and expansion, tourism and tour operations, Radio 

and television broadcasting, Transportation (Cargo and marine) and Economic 

Infrastructure. 

Import duty and VAT exemption on Deemed Capital Goods. These include: building 

materials, utility vehicles, equipment etc. 

According to the 2013/14 budgetary changes the import duty exemption granted to 

Deemed Capital Goods is now 75% whereby the investor shall pay 10% of import duty 

due. 

Import duty (0%) on imported 4WD vehicles designed and built for tourist purposes, 

subject to satisfying criteria set by East African Community Secretariat. 

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Import duty (0%) on hotel equipment, which where engraved, printed, or marked with 

hotel logo imported by licensed hotel for its use. 

VAT Special Relief on Project Capital Goods (i.e. Capital Goods by Generic Description). 

These include: plant, machinery, forklifts, crane, boilers, furnace, crushers, graders, 

caterpillars, excavators, bulldozers, angle dozers, lifts, escalators etc. 

VAT Exemption on pesticides, fertilizers, health supplies, livestock, unprocessed 

agricultural products, agricultural implements, books and newspapers, educational 

services, financial services, petroleum products, aircraft, aircrafts engines, aircrafts parts, 

computers, wind generators and liquid elevators, photovoltaic and solar thermal. Heat 

insulated milk cooling tanks and aluminum jerry cans used for storage and collection of 

milk in diary industry. Farm services of land preparation, cultivation, planting and 

harvesting. 

7.2. ZERO RATED VAT ON EXPORTS 

7.2.1. Import Duty Drawback 

Import duty charged on imported inputs used for producing goods for export and goods 

sold to foreign institutions like the United Nations in Tanzania, is refundable. 

7.2.2. Manufacturing Under bond 

All factories registered to manufacture goods under bond for export purpose are 

exempted from import duty and other taxes on inputs used to manufacture such goods. 

7.2.3. Economic infrastructure 

Road, railways, air and sea transport, port facilities, telecommunication, banking & 

insurance. 

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Item Duty VAT 

All capital goods 0% Relieved 

Corporate tax 30% 

Listed Company to DSE 25% 

Withholding tax on dividends 10% 

Withholding tax on interest 10% 

Losses carried forward. Companies with perpetual unrelieved losses for 3 consecutive 

years are charged 0.3% of annual turnover. 

7.2.4. Mineral sector 

Item Duty VAT 


Fuel 0% Relieved 


Capital allowance 100% 

• Royalty of 4% is charged on gold and other metallic minerals 

• Royalty of 5% on diamond, uranium and gemstone 

• Royalty of 1% on gem (cut and polished) 

• Royalty of 3% for other minerals (e.g. coal, industrial minerals and building 

minerals) 

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7.2.5. Holders of Certificate of Incentives 

Item Duty VAT 



Listed Company to DSE 25% 





7.2.6. Agriculture 

Item Duty VAT 


Agricultural machinery/ equipment 0% Exempt 

Fertilizers & pesticides 0% Exempt 

Farm implements & inputs 0% Exempt 







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7.2.7. Tourism 

Item Duty VAT 






Losses carried forward indefinitely 

• Exempt import duty on imported 4WD vehicles designed and built for tourist 

purposes, subject to satisfying criteria set by East African Community Secretariat 

• Exempt import duty on hotel equipment, which where engraved or printed or 

marked with hotel logo imported by licensed hotel for its use 

7.2.8. Petroleum and Gas 

• Tax exemption on equipment & material used for exploration 

• Negotiated levels of cost oil or gas split after the discovery of oil or gas for the 

purposes of recovering costs for exploration, development, and production 

• Negotiated levels of profit oil or profit gas split 

• Importation by or supply to a registered licensed exploration, prospecting, mineral 

assaying, drilling or mining company, of goods which if imported will be eligible 

for duty under customs law, and service for exclusive use in exploration, 

prospecting, drilling or mining activities. 

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8. Know Before You Go! 

TIC provides assistance with immigration matters to prospective investors. 

8.1. COST AND TYPES OF VISA: 

8.1.1. Categories of Visa: 

There are 5 categories of visas which may be granted to foreigners, other than prohibited 

immigrants, who seek to enter the United Republic of Tanzania: 

Category 

Ordinary 

Description 

This is a visa granted to foreigners, other than prohibited immigrants, seeking to enter 

the United Republic of Tanzania upon application for the purpose of visit, leisure, 

holiday, business, health treatment, studies, or any other activity legally recognized by 

the Laws of the United Republic for validity not exceeding three months for a single 

entry only. 

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Transit 

Multiple Entry 

Gratis 

Referral 

This is a visa granted to foreigners, other than prohibited immigrants, intending to 

pass through the United Republic of Tanzania to other destinations for a period not 

exceeding fourteen days, provided that such persons should have onward tickets, 

sufficient fund for subsistence, while in the United Republic of Tanzania, and an entry 

Visa to the country of destination (where applicable), or any other proof to satisfy that 

such a person will be allowed entry to that other country. 

This is a visa granted to persons who are nationals of countries that require a visa to 

enter the United Republic of Tanzania and who, by nature of their businesses, or 

circumstances require making frequent visits to the United Republic of Tanzania. 

Multiple visas may be issued for a period of three, six or twelve months, to permit the 

holder to enter and re-enter, subject to the validity of the visa, provided that a single 

stay of the holder should not exceed three months. 

This is a visa granted to holders of Diplomatic or Official/Service Passports when 

travelling on official missions to the United Republic of Tanzania, and it is granted free 

of charge. In some cases, Gratis visa may be granted to holders of Ordinary Passports 

where an exemption has been given by the Issuing Authority. 

Note: Holders of Diplomatic and Service/Official passports when travelling on private 

visits into the United Republic of Tanzania are required to apply for a visa like holders 

of ordinary passport. 

This is a visa granted to nationals of countries that require a special clearance and 

approval from the Principal Commissioner of Immigration Services, or the 

Commissioner of Immigration Services (Zanzibar), prior to the issuance of visa. These 

are 27 countries including: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Chad, Djibouti, Mali, Lebanon, 

Somalia, Morocco, Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone, Turkmenistan, refugees and individuals 

who are deemed stateless 

8.1.2. General requirements for a Visa: 

An application of visa for United Republic of Tanzania should be accompanied with: 

• Application form duly filled in 

• Security Bond duly filled in (for multiple visa) 

• Five passport size photographs (if required) 

• Copy of the Applicant’s valid passport 

• Copy of the valid Passport or any other identity of the person to be visited 

(applicant’s host if required) 

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• Documents of the Company or Business to be visited; (for multiple visa) 

• Any other evidence to prove that the applicant is bound to travel frequently into 

the United Republic of Tanzania (for multiple visas). 

8.1.3. Visa Issuing Centers 

A visa may be obtained at any United Republic of Tanzania Mission abroad or Consulate, 

and also on arrival at all designated Entry Points. In case of Referral and Multiple entry 

visas, applicants are required to submit their applications to the office of the Principal 

Commissioner of Immigration Services, Dar Es Salaam, or at the office of the 

Commissioner of Immigration Services Zanzibar. To avoid unnecessary delays, foreigners 

are encouraged to apply for a visa through Tanzanian embassies and consulates in their 

nearest location. 

8.1.4. Visa Fees 

The standard fee rate for 

• Ordinary visa is US$ 50 

• Multiple entry visa is US$ 100 

• Transit visa is US$ 30 

Note that these rates can change at any time without prior notice. Visa fees are payable at 

Issuing Centers and an Exchequer Receipt should be provided for the payment made. 

Additional and up to date information can be found on the website of the Immigration 

Services Department at the Ministry of Home Affairs (www.immigration.go.tz) 

8.2. RESIDENCE PERMIT APPLICATION PROCESS 

Any foreigner intending to reside in the United Republic of Tanzania for investment, 

business, employment or any other legal activity may be issued with a Residence Permit. 

The issuance of Residence Permit is governed by the Immigration Act. No.7 of 1995 and 

its Regulations of 1997. 

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8.2.1. Types of Residence Permits: 

TIC offers two types of Residence Permits, which are: 

1. Residence Permit Class A 

2. Residence Permit Class B 

3. Residence Permit Class C 

Note that applications for Residence Permit Class B and C should be submitted while 

applicants are outside the country. Holders of Residence Permits Class A, B and C are 

required to obtain the Re-entry passes after their applications have been approved. 

Residence Permit Class A 

Residence Permit Class A may be granted to a person other than a prohibited immigrant, 

who intends to enter or remain in Tanzania and engage in trade, business, profession, 

agriculture, animal husbandry, prospecting of minerals, or manufacturing. 

Application for Residence Permit Class A may be lodged at Immigration Department's 

Headquarters or the Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) or Zanzibar Investment 

Promotion Authority (ZIPA) for Zanzibar (depending on whether the business or project 

has been registered with either TIC or ZIPA). 

Exhibit 1: Fees for Residence Permits Class A 

Category Sector Eligibility Reason Fees in US$ 

1 Prospecting and 

Mining 

Persons intending to engage 

in prospecting for minerals or 

mining. 

First issued renewal 

and Re-entry 

3,050+10% 

2 Large Scale trade 

and business 

3 Prescribed 

profession and 

consultancy 

services 


in a specific trade 

Members of prescribed 

profession in possession of 

prescribed qualifications 

intending to practice such 

First issue and 

renewal 

First issue, renewal 

and Re-entry 

3,050+10% 

2,550+10% 

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4 Large Scale 

Manufacturing and 

processing 

5 Large scale 

agriculture and 

animal husbandry 

profession and consultancy 

services. 


into large scale 

manufacturing and 

processing. 


in agriculture or animal 

husbandry 

6 Artisans Persons intending to engage 

in activities like tailoring, 

goldsmiths 


and Re-entry. 


and Re-entry 


& Re-entry 

2,050+10% 

2,050+10% 

2,050+10% 

Residence Permit Class B 

Residence Permit Class B is issued to a foreigner other than a prohibited immigrant who 

has obtained specified employment in Tanzania and the Principal Commissioner of 

Immigration Services is satisfied that he possesses qualifications or skills necessary for 

that employment and that his employment will be of benefit to Tanzania. 

Applications for Residence Permit Class B should be lodged at the Office of the Director of 

Employment, Ministry of Labor and Employment or the Tanzania Investment Center. 

Fees for Residence Permit Class ‘B’: 

1. Resident Permit: US$ 2,000 

2. Re-entry pass: US$ 50 

3. Dependents (specifically spouse and children under 18 years) should pay re-entry 

pass US$ 50 each if they have to be included in the permit 

4. Administration fee 10% of the above total amount 

If dependents are children under 18 years and intend to attend schools or colleges in 

Tanzania, they should apply for class ‘C’ permit. 

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Residence Permit Class C 

Residence Permit Class C may be issued to foreigners intending to enter and reside in 

Tanzania for purposes other than those specified for the grant of Residence Permit Class 

A or B. These include; students, researchers, volunteers, persons attending cases in Court 

of Laws, persons who have formerly been residents and are about to leave the country 

(i.e. winding up affairs), and persons attending medical treatment in hospitals. 

Requirements for Residence Permit Class C differs depending on the categories of 

activities that a foreigner intends to engage in. 

8.3. HUMAN RESOURCES AND LABOUR RELATIONS 

Tanzania has an extensive supply of competent human capital and welcomes talents from 

around the world. Tanzania invests highly in education relative to other Sub-Saharan 

countries. In addition, Tanzania has implemented progressive immigration policies and 

invites skilled people from around the world to make Tanzania their home and contribute 

to its economic growth. 

Legislation and guidelines that set Labour Standards include: 

Employment and Labour Relations Act (No. 6 of 2004) 

Labour Institutions Act (No. 7 of 2004) 

National Social Security Fund, Cap. 50 RE 2002 

Workmen’s Compensation Ordinance, Cap. 263 R.E 2002 

Occupation Health and Safety Act (No.5 of 2003) 

8.3.1. Work Permit 

Any foreigner who wants to work in Tanzania must obtain a Work Permit. The work 

permit application should be lodged by the employer to the Labour Commissioner, P.O. 

Box 9014, Dar Es Salaam. The application should be copied to the Principal 

Commissioner of Immigration through the TIC Executive Director. 

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An investor who is applying for a Work Permit through TIC is allowed to bring 5 qualified 

expatriates whom the company intends to employ. For any extra person who is to be 

employed, the employer shall justify why he needs him/her. Investors are encouraged to 

generate employment for Tanzanians in the quest to make an investment a “win-win” 

proposition. 

On receipt of the Work Permit application, the Labour Commissioner may, within 14 days, 

grant work permit or reject (with reasons). The work permit granted is issued for a 

maximum period of two years, after which the employer (investor) will be required to 

apply for renewal. 

The investor must have a succession plan (training of local employees), which should be 

submitted to the Labour Commissioner. 

Work Permit is governed by the National Employment Promotion Service Act, 9/1999 

and Tanzania Investment Act 26/1997. 

Note: In case an investor wants to employ an expatriate who was working in Tanzania in 

another Company, he/she must submit a letter of no objection from a previous employer. 

8.3.2. Social Security 

Tanzanians cannot be exempted from the National Social Security Scheme, but foreign 

employees can be exempted if they can prove to be involved in another scheme. 

8.3.3. Workmen’s Compensation Ordinance 

Employers are required to purchase workmen’s compensation insurance for their 

employees. 

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8.3.4. Working Hours 

The standard working time is 45 hours a week (International Labour Organisation 

standard). Over 45 working hours per week may be allowed in the event of overtime 

work, but not exceeding 12 hours. The standard overtime pay is 1.5 times the employee’s 

standard pay for normal working days and 2 times for Sunday and Public Holidays. 

8.3.5. Leave & Holidays 

The law provides for an annual leave of 28 calendar days. At the end of every second year; 

a leave allowance shall be paid. 

8.3.6. Maternity Leave 

Female employees are entitled to paid-maternity leave of 84 calendar days once in every 

3 years for one child, and 100 days for two or more children. 

8.3.7. Paternity Leave 

Male employees are entitled to a paternity leave of three calendar days upon delivery by 

their spouse. 

8.3.8. Other Statutory Benefits 

Employers may provide fringe benefits to their employees, e.g. rent allowances, transport 

allowance, etc. Employers should pay the skills development levy which is 6% of the 

gross wage bill. 

8.3.9. Retrenchment and Termination Procedures 

Firms must first meet with the Trade Union leaders. After reaching an agreement, it must 

be discussed with the Labour l Court. 

Page 99


8.3.10. Severance Pay 

This refers to the payments which an employer is supposed to pay an employee on 

termination of employment. This payment however is only for those who have completed 

12 months of continuous service with an employer and have not been terminated on 

grounds of misconduct, capacity compatibility, or operational requirements of the 

employer. The computation of the severance pay as per the Employment and Labour 

Relations Act No 6 of 2004 (“ELR”) is an amount at least equal to seven days’ basic wage 

for each completed year of continuous service with that employer up to a maximum of 

ten years. 

8.3.11. Laws Regulating Various Professions 

A number of professionals such as dentists, doctors, accountants, auditors, engineers, 

procurement and suppliers, advocates and notaries, etc., are required to be licensed by 

the appropriate Licensing or Regulatory Authority. Tour guides are for locals only. 

8.3.12. Settlement of Labour Disputes 

Disputes under the Employment and Labour Relations Act, 2004 are resolved by: 

• Mediation 

• Arbitration 

• Adjudication 

There is a council established to exclusively deal with labour matters to avoid court 

proceedings that may take very long and hamper business operations. Investors are 

encouraged to utilize this avenue. 

Mediation 

The mediator is under obligation to resolve the dispute within 30 days of the referral or 

any longer period to which the parties agree in writing. 

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Arbitration 

It is conducted in the manner that the arbitrator considers appropriate in order to resolve 

the dispute fairly and quickly. The arbitrator shall deal with the merits of the disputes 

with minimum legal formalities. 

Adjudication 

The labour court has exclusive jurisdiction over the application, interpretation, and 

implementation, of the provision of Employment and Labour Relations Act and to decide 

on: 

• Appeals from the decision of the registrar made under this part 

• Reviews and revisions of (i) arbitrators award made under this Part (ii) decision of 

the essentials services committee under Part (vii) 

• Reviews of decisions, codes guidelines or regulations made by the minister under 

this Act 

• Complaints other than those that are to be decided by arbitration under the 

provisions of this Act 

• Any dispute reserved for decision by the labour court under this Act and 

• Applications including: 

• A declaration in respect of any provision of this Act, or 

• An injunction 

8.4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 

The Occupational Health and Safety Authority (OSHA) was established under Executive 

Agencies Act No. 30 of 1997, and is the custodian of Occupational Health and Safety Act 

No.5 of 2003. 

The primary objective of Occupational Safety and Health Authority (OSHA) is to ensure 

the creation and maintenance of ideal work environments that are free of occupational 

hazards that may cause injuries or illness to all employees in the work environment. This 

Page 101


will be achieved by promoting occupational health and safety (OHS) practices in order to 

reduce accidents and occupational diseases, and ultimately achieve better productivity. 

The main role of OSHA is to promote a good, sound and healthy working environment 

and thereby to create a conducive environment for enterprises as well as workers. By the 

provision of a healthy working environment, both workers, enterprises, and the society 

will benefit and save precious resources. Ultimately, this will lead to enhanced 

productivity and economic growth. 

8.5. MEDICAL INSURANCE AND HEALTH SERVICES 

8.5.1. Medical Insurance 

Due to high competition among insurance companies and efficient regulatory 

environment put forth by the Insurance Supervisory Department (ISD), the availability 

and standards of health insurance services in Tanzania are considered as fine and still 

advancing. Whereas National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) provides health insurance 

for government employees only, several private sector companies offer private insurance 

services. Please refer to the next list of private sector insurance companies for reference. 

Name Telephone number E-mail 

Strategis Insurance (T) Ltd. +255 22 2136579 insurance@strategistz.com 

Jubilee Insurance Co. (T) Ltd +255 22 2135121 jictz@jubileetanzania.com 

Prosperity Life Care Insurance +255 22 2139970 info@yahooprosperityhealth.com 

AAR Insurance Co Ltd. +255 22 2701120 info@aar.co.tz 

Alliance Insurance Corp (T) Ltd. +255 22 2139100 alliance@intafrica.com 

8.5.2. Hospitals 

As of 2010, the number of health facilities was 6,321, whereby the Government owned 97 

hospitals, 449 health centres and 3,773 dispensaries; parastatals owned 11 hospitals, 5 

health centres and 70 dispensaries; and private and charity organizations owned 128 

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hospitals, 230 health centres and 1,289 dispensaries. The number of hospital beds in all 

health centres in the country was 45,241, out of those, 23,523 beds were in government 

centres, and 2,161 beds in private hospitals. 

8.6. EMERGENCY SERVICES 

Emergency services are provided by the police forces, fire brigade, and ambulance 

services. In addition to that, there are several private security companies that offer 

emergency services for their clients on special pre-agreed arrangements. The emergency 

telephone number for the police is 112 and 114 for fire and ambulance. 

8.7. AIRPORTS IN TANZANIA 

Major airports in the country are: Julius Nyerere International Airports (JNIA) in Dar es 

Salaam, Kilimanjaro International Airport (KIA), Arusha Airport, Mwanza Airport, 

Zanzibar Airport, and Mbeya International Airport in Songwe. 

8.8. ACCOMMODATION COST 

8.8.1. Hotel Accommodation 

Hotel rates vary according to season, location, class, and, of course, room category. Hotel 

cost per day may be anywhere from US$ 20 to US$ 350. 

8.8.2. Residential Apartments 

There are studio, two-bedroom, three-bedroom, and a few four-bedroom residential 

apartments. Some are serviced while others are not and prices depend on multiple 

factors. For example, in Dar es Salaam, upper class neighbourhoods, such as Masaki, 

Oysterbay, Regent Estate, and Upanga, the price ranges from US$ 2,000 to US$ 3,000 per 

month. For middle class neighbourhoods, for instance Msasani, Ada Estate, Mbezi Beach, 

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and City Centre; prices are negotiable, but in the range of US$ 1,500 to US$ 2,000 per 

month. 

8.8.3. Single Family (Stand Alone) Homes 

Furnished and unfurnished homes are also available for rent purposes. Prices range as 

well depending on the nature, size, and location; whereas low end may cost US$1,500 

while high end may cost up to US$ 10,000 per month. 

8.8.4. Office Space 

Rates for office space also vary highly depending on a variety of factors. While in Dar es 

Salaam, the commercial capital, rates may range from US$ 8 to US$ 40 per square metre, 

other regions, for instance, Arusha, Kilimanjaro, and Mwanza, can be expected to have on 

average lower rates per square metre. 

8.8.5. Warehousing Space 

There are also numerous warehouses available for rent in Dar es Salaam, and in several 

parts of other regions. The rates for hiring a warehouse space range from US$ 8 to US$ 15 

per square metre. 

8.9. WATER AND UTILITY 

8.9.1. Water 

In terms of water services, the Government is the primary provider of clean water. Dar Es 

Salaam Water and Sewerage Corporation (DAWASCO), is the state utility company 

responsible for providing water in the Dar es Salaam region. The cost of tap water is 

currently TZS 1,119 (US$ 0.70) per 1,000 litre unit. Aside from using the public water 

service, an alternative is to dig a borehole, of which cost is mostly negotiable between the 

service provider and receiver, more likely than not TZS 60,000 (US$ 37) per metre depth. 

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8.9.2. Electricity 

The Government is the distributor of electricity in Tanzania through the state utility 

company Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO). Numerous companies 

such as Independent Power Tanzania Limited (IPTL), Symbion Power, and Aggreko 

generate power and dispatch the produced power to TANESCO, which uses its national 

grid power lines for countrywide distribution. 

Tariff Categories and Rates 

There are four tariff categories: 

• Domestic low usage tariff (D1): this category covers domestic customers who on 

average have a consumption pattern for 50 kWh. For consumption of less than 

50kwh the current rate is TZS 60.0 (US$ 0.04) per unit. Under this category, any 

unit exceeding 50 kWh is charged at a higher rate of TZS 273.0 (US$ 0.17) 

• General usage tariff (T1): This segment is applicable for customers who use power 

for general purposes: including residential, small commercial and light industrial 

use, public lighting, and billboards. In this category the average consumption is 

more 283.4 kWh per meter reading period. Unit cost is TZS 221.0 (US$ 0.10) plus 

a monthly service charge of TZS 3,841 (US$ 2.4) 

• Low voltage, maximum demand (MD): Applicable for general use where power is 

metered at 400V and average consumption is more than 7,500kWh per meter 

reading period and demand doesn’t exceed 500KVA per meter reading period. 

Monthly service charge of TZS 14,233 (US$ 8.9) plus demand charge of TZS 16,944 

(US$ 10.6) per KVA and energy charge of TZS 132 (US$ 0.08) per kWH 

• High voltage, maximum demand (MD): Applicable for general use where power is 

metered at 11KV and above. Monthly service charge of TZS 14,233 (US$ 8.9) plus 

demand charge of TZS 14,520 (US$ 9.0) per KVA and energy charge of TZS 118 

(US$ 0.07) per kWH 

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8.10. MEANS OF LOCAL TRANSPORT 

Road transport is served by taxis, private rental cars, or public commuter buses, some 

operated by the government and some by portfolio of private companies. Marine 

transportation is through public and private ferry boats, while a single state-owned 

airline and several private airlines provide air transportation. Cost vary by service 

provider and also depend on season, location/destination. The diagram that follows 

provides a broad overview of the country’s transportation network. 

In the large cities such as Dar es Salaam and Arusha, business and tourists travelers can 

readily rely on taxis to ferry them around. Taxis are safe, identifiable by their emblems 

and certification and mostly metered. 

Exhibit 6: Transport Infrastructure Network 

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8.11. TELECOMMUNICATION 

The main provider of landline (fixed line) telecommunication in Tanzania is Tanzania 

Telecommunications Company Limited (TTCL). However, there are several registered 

mobile phone providers, namely Vodacom Tanzania, MIC (Tigo), Bharti (Airtel) Tanzania, 

Zantel, Benson Online, and Dovetel (Sasatel); most of which provide both data and voice 

solutions. There are also 13 registered Internet Service Providers (ISP), for example, 

Africa Online, Cats-Net, Raha, UhuruOne, TTCL, Zan Link, TTCL, SimbaNet, and DATEL. 

Detailed information on tariffs and services is available online. 

8.11.1. National ICT Infrastructure Backbone 

Internet connectivity in Tanzania is available virtually across the entire country. 

Connections are also reliable, quick and cost-effective. 

The national ICT infrastructure backbone services are provided by a special unit under 

Tanzania Telecommunication Company Ltd (TTCL). All regions are now connected to the 

National ICT backbone. In addition, 63 service stations have been constructed in many 

areas in Tanzania including areas along the borders, such as: 

• Rusumo (Rwanda); 

• Kabanga (Burundi); 

• Namanga (Kenya); 

• Kasumulo (Malawi); and 

• Tunduma (Zambia). 

8.12. OPENING A BUSINESS BANK ACCOUNT 

Tanzania is served by international, regional and local banks; these include Standard 

Chartered and Barclays from the UK, Citibank from the US, Stanbic (Standard Bank) and 

FNB from South Africa and several others. 

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The process of opening a corporate bank account depends on the particular bank, but the 

requirements are almost similar and hassle-free as long as one fulfills the prerequisites. 

Current accounts require maintaining a minimum balance and can be denominated in 

Tanzanian shillings, US dollars, euros and British pounds. Foreign and local banks also 

offer internet and mobile banking services to their customers as well as linkages with 

mobile money accounts. Domestically regulated banks adhere to strict Know Your 

Customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) laws. 

Customers seeking to open a bank account are asked to provide the following information 

which is used by banks for customer due diligence and is an integral part of global efforts 

to combat money laundering, terrorist financing, and fraudulent activities. Common 

prerequisites for opening a business account include: 

• Applicant Particulars 

• Type of Company 

• Business Activities 

• Other Bank Details (If Any) 

• Name of Holding/Subsidiary Company in Tanzania or Abroad 

• Details of Directors, etc. 

Tanzania has no foreign exchange controls, exchange rates are determined by market 

forces. Resident and non-resident corporations and individuals can hold bank accounts 

in any currency as stipulated in the Foreign Exchange Act. 

Under the Investment Act 1997, investors are guaranteed unconditional transferability 

through any authorized dealer in freely convertible currency of net profits, foreign loan 

service, royalties, fees and technology transfer charges, emoluments of foreign personnel 

and repatriation of capital, after taxes, on sale of the investment. The Tanzanian 

transmitting banks may, however, request documentation such as agreements, contracts, 

invoices, resolutions, etc. to support the remittances 

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9. About Tanzania Investment Centre 

9.1. ORGANIZATION DESCRIPTION 

Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) is the primary agency of the Government responsible 

for coordinating, encouraging, promoting and facilitating investments into Tanzania. It 

also advises the Government on investment matters and policy. TIC’s vision is to become 

a world-class investment promotion agency promoting Tanzania as Africa’s premier 

investment destination. 

TIC has been recognized internationally for successfully fulfilling its function in terms of 

facilitating investments. TIC has won several international awards, including the African 

Innovative Management Award (AAPAM) 2008, Best Investment Promotion Agency in the 

World in 2007 (By WAIPA), Best Country of the Future in 2006 (By Financial Times), and 

The Best Investment Promotion Agency in Sub Saharan Africa in 2005 (By Africa 

Investor). 

9.2. FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRE 

TIC is charged with the following functions: 

• Aggressively market Tanzania’s priority investments 

• Service investors whereby investors can obtain the necessary licenses, work 

permits, visas, approvals, land derivative title deeds and other facilities under one 

roof (One Stop Shop), to set up their business in Tanzania 

• Grant certificates of incentives, investment guarantees and register technology 

agreements for all investments, which are over and above US$ 300,000 and 

US$ 100,000 for foreign and local investments respectively 

• Assist in the establishment of enterprise e.g. incorporation and registration of 

enterprises 

• Create and maintain a positive climate for private sector investment 

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• Address any administrative barriers confronting both local and foreign 

investments 

• Promote both foreign and local investment activities 

• Stimulate and support the growth of entrepreneurship and small and medium size 

enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania 

• Secure investment sites and assist investors to establish EPZ projects 

• Provide and distribute up to date information on existing investment 

opportunities, benefits or incentives available to investors 

• Assist all investors whether or not registered by TIC 

9.3. ONE STOP FACILITATION CENTRE 

TIC is the first point of call for prospective investors, a one-stop facilitation centre for all 

investors, which brings relevant government agencies in one location to provide 

coordinated, streamlined, efficient, and transparent, services to investors. TIC shortens 

and simplifies administrative procedures for issuing and or facilitating investors to obtain 

investment certificates, permits, licenses, and company incorporation. That, in large part, 

removes bottlenecks faced by investors in establishing and running businesses, hence 

reducing the cost of doing business in Tanzania. TIC has established satellite offices major 

economic areas across the country such as Moshi, Mwanza, and Mbeya. 

TIC performs a range of activities on behalf of investors, including: 

• Assistance to obtain certificate of incentives 

• Tax registration 

• Land issues 

• Business licensing and company registration 

• Immigration issues 

• Labour issues 

• After care services 

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In order to obtain a TIC certificate of incentives, investors are required to meet a 

minimum invested capital requirement. After successful registration, TIC grants 

certificates of incentives, investment guarantees, and registers technology agreements 

that are worth in excess of US$ 300,000 for foreign investors or US$ 100,000 for local 

investors. TIC is also mandated to assist all investors irrespective of whether or not they 

are registered by TIC. 

Please refer to the following table for information regarding types, time, and cost of 

services offered by the TIC 

Exhibit 7: Investment Facilitation and Service Delivery 

Services Provided Delivery Time Frame Fee (US$/TZS 

TIC application form Immediately US$ 100 

Investment Guide Immediately Free 

Provision of Investment Act Immediately Free 

Certificates of incentives 7 days US$ 1,000 

VAT registration 7 days Free 

Tax clearance 1 day Free 

Tax Identification Number 1 day Free 

Customs approval import list 14 days Free 

Business name search 1 day Free 

Business licensing 3 days Free 

Company registration 3 days TZS 50,000-371,200 

Residence permit class A 14 days US$ 3,355 

Residence permit class B 14 days US$ 2,255 

Special pass for class A & B 1 day US$ 660 

Work permit class B-Labour 7 days Free 

Linkages with government institutions 7 days Free 

Services Provided 

Delivery Time Frame 

*10% administration fees paid to TIC towards respective cost for all services 

9.4. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS 

The Government of Tanzania recognizes the role of private sector in bringing about socioeconomic 

development through investments. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) 

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frameworks provides important instrument for attracting investments. Indeed, PPP has 

been identified as a viable means to effectively address constraints of financing, 

management and maintenance of public goods and services. 

Most PPPs implemented in Tanzania are concession arrangements for running existing 

enterprises with limited provisions for rehabilitation and new investments. It is 

noteworthy that in the case of services, PPPs have been implemented successfully by 

Faith Based Organizations (FBOs) in education, health and water sectors for many years 

The principal act governing PPPs in Tanzania is the Public Private Partnership Act No. 18 

of 2010 (Act). Also applicable are the Public Private Partnership Regulations 

(Regulations) passed in 2011. The Act aims to promote private sector participation in the 

provision of public services. It is hoped that the Act will facilitate the transfer of skills and 

technology from the private sector to the public sector as well as encourage foreign direct 

investment. 

The Act established a PPP Coordination Unit (Coordination Unit) within the Tanzania 

Investment Centre to promote and coordinate PPP projects in mainland Tanzania. The Act 

also established a PPP Unit in the Ministry of Finance tasked with assessing proposed 

PPP projects that involve public finance. 

In addition to setting up the two units, the Act sets out: 

(a) The responsibilities of each of the contracting parties in any given project 

(b) What is to be contained in every PPP Agreement 

(c) Penalties for non-adherence to the Act 

There are some notable requirements for all PPP agreements. In particular, they must 

i. Provide for remedies in case of breach by either party 

ii. Provide for the period of execution 

iii. Provide for assistance by the public party to the private party in obtaining licenses 

and permits necessary for implementation of the project 

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iv. Impose financial management duties on the private contracting party in the form of 

internal financial controls, transparency, reporting and accountability 

v. Contain obligations on the private party to be liable for risks arising from the 

performance of its functions 

The Act further states that all disputes arising out of such agreements shall be resolved by 

negotiation, mediation or arbitration and those agreements must be reviewed and 

approved by the Attorney General before they can be signed by the relevant public 

authority. 

All PPPs are to be monitored by the ministry responsible for the provision of the 

particular service. 

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10. One Stop Facilitation Services 

For purposes of easing the processes and saving time and other resources pertaining to 

setting up a business in Tanzania, TIC offers numerous services under a one-stop-centre 

approach. Officials of various Government agencies have permanent workstations at TIC 

facilities so that they can provide investors with the needed services to facilitate 

investors’ ambition to trade in Tanzania. 

The offered services include, but are not limited to immigration, land acquisition, 

company registration procedures, industrial license, and trademark/service mark 

registration. Other services include business licensing, certificate of incentives, patent 

registration, as well as engagement to Export Processing and Special Economic Zones 

(EPZ and SEZ). 

10.1. IMMIGRATION 

All foreigners from non-Commonwealth countries are required to have a valid visa unless 

their countries have agreements with Tanzania under which the visa requirement is 

waived. Visas can be obtained from Tanzania Embassy or High Commission in the country 

of origin and can be acquired upon arrival at international airports of Julius Nyerere 

International Airport (JNIA) and Kilimanjaro International Airport (KIA). 

Investors’ application documents should be submitted to TIC offices and addressed to: 

Principal Commissioner Immigration Services 

P.O. Box: 512, Dar es Salaam. 

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10.2. LAND ACQUISITION 

Under the Land Act, Cap. 113 (R.E. 2002), all land in Tanzania belongs to the state vested 

in the President as trustee on behalf of all citizens. Public land is categorised as general 

land, village land, or reserved land. However, land can be owned in three different ways: 

1. Government Granted Rights of Occupancy 

2. TIC Derivative Rights 

3. Subleases created out of Granted Rights of Occupancy by the private sector 

Rights of Occupancy and Derivative Rights are granted for a long-term, ranging from 33 to 

99 years and the term is renewable. 

TIC has stationed officers from the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements 

Development to facilitate land acquisition. This process is provided by TIC free of charge. 

10.2.1. Right of Occupancy 

Requirements for application and acceptance for Right of Occupancy include: 

• A duly completed Land Form no. 19 

• 3 passport size photographs 

• TZS 80,000 (US$ 50) application fee 

• Declaration of all rights and interests in land in Tanzania, which the applicant has 

at the time of application 

• Consent of a local authority or other body as required by law 

• An application by a non-citizen or foreign company should be directed to TIC, 

accompanied by a certificate of incentives granted by TIC under the Tanzania 

Investment Act, Cap.38 (R.E. 2002). 

• Payment by the applicant of land rent and other land fees as prescribed in the 

payment invoice issued by the Commissioner for Lands 

• Signing by the applicant Acknowledgement of Payments Form 

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• Signing by applicant a Certificate of Occupancy (Land Form no. 22 and 23 for 

urban and rural lands respectively) 

• Signing Derivative Rights being a lease agreement by the parties i.e. TIC, the lessor 

and Investor the lessee, (Land Form no. 56) 

• TIC undertakes all application Procedures on behalf of Investors. 

Fees payable include: 

10.2.2. For Urban Land 

• Survey Fee - varies 

• Registration Fee - varies 

• Preparation Fee - varies 

• Stamp Duty – varies 

• Land Rent charges: 

• Industrial Plots (within urban areas) range between TZS 75 - 1,500 

(US$ 0.05 - $0.93) per square metre per year, while for other uses charges 

vary depending on the market value of the particular land. Please refer to 

exhibit No. 4 for procedures to acquire urban land. 

Under the Land Act, citizens or local investors can acquire land through Granted Right of 

Occupancy or a Derivative Right or by obtaining a sub-lease from a private land owner. 

• Occupation of land by non-citizens is restricted to investment purposes under the 

Tanzania Investment Act. Under the Land Act, a foreign company may occupy land 

through 

• Derivative Rights under section 20(2) of the Act; Application to the 

Commissioner for Lands for a grant of Right of Occupancy under section 

25(1) (h) and (i) of the Land Act, and section 3 of the Land (Amendment) 

Act, No. 2 of 2004; sub-leases from private owner; licenses from the 

Government and Purchase from other holders of granted Rights of 

Occupancy. 

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Exhibit 4: Procedure to Acquire Urban Land 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

• Application to urban authority: 

Land form No. 19 

• Application submitted to urban 

land authority allocation committee 

• Application approved/rejected 

• Payment invoices issued stipulating 

fees to be paid by an applicant 

• Certificate of occupancy prepared: 

Form No. 22 

• Certificate of Registration by Registrar 

of titles 

• Duplicate certificate given to 

Occupier 

• Derivative right prepared: Land 

Form No. 56 

• Derivative right registered by 

Registrar of Titles 

• One copy given to investors 

• Applicant notified 

Fees payable under stage 4 of the urban land acquisition process outlined above 

• Survey fee – varies 

• Registration fee – varies 

• Preparation fee – varies 

• Stamp duty – varies 

• Land rent charges 

10.2.3. For Farmland 

• Survey fee – varies 

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• Registration fee – varies 

• Preparation fee – varies 

• Stamp duty – variable 

• Land rent charges: 

• Farm outside township TZS 5,000 (US$ 3.11) per acre per year 

• Farm within township TZS 10,000 (US$ 6.22) per acre per year 

Exhibit 5: Procedure to Acquire Farmland 

1 

Application submitted to the Commisional for Lands 

[Land Form No: 19] accompanies by certificate of 

incentives issued by TIC and photographs of the 

applicants 

2A 

2B 

Application approved by 

Commisional for lands 

Application rejected 

3 

Investor notified 

For further information, investors may contact: 

Commissioner for Lands 

Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human 

Settlements Development 

P.O. Box 9230 


Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human 

Settlements Development 

P.O. Box 9132 

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Tel. 255 22 2117870 

Fax: 255 22 2113224 


Tel. 255 22 2121241-9 

Fax: 255 22 2113224 

Email: ps-ardhi@africanonline.co.tz 

10.3. STARTING A BUSINESS: 

10.3.1. Company Registration Procedures 

For investors who pass through TIC facilitation registration will be processed by TIC. All 

enterprises operating in Tanzania, whatever their legal forms, must register with the 

Business Registration and Licensing Agency (BRELA) of the Ministry of Industry & Trade. 

However, other approvals, permits, and licenses, are also required depending on the 

sector in which the company intends to operate. Private companies are required to have 

at least two directors. 

10.3.2. Types of Companies 

Companies Act Cap.212 introduced four main types of companies as follows: 

• Private companies 

• Non-private companies (Public) 

• Foreign companies (companies incorporated out of Tanzania) 

• Parastatal or state owned companies 

Private companies 

• Private companies are normally formed by persons with prior relationships other 

than only business relationship e.g. father and son's and or daughters, friends etc. 

• Minimum number of membership for a private company is two and maximum is 

fifty excluding persons who become member by virtue of being employees of the 

company. 

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• The shares of these companies are not freely transmissible. The transferability is 

subject to strict control and regulations, as such, these types of companies may not 

list on the stock exchange for purposes of trading in shares. 

• These types of companies are supposed to submit annual returns and any other 

statutory fillable documents to the Registrar (e.g. Changes of particulars of 

directors, change of company names etc.). Filing fees are also payable and penalty 

for late filing is also levied. 

Foreign companies (companies incorporated out of Tanzania) 

• These are companies incorporated outside Tanzania. Their offices in Tanzania are 

treated as branches of foreign company. Even if all subscribers and our 

shareholders are nationals of the United Republic of Tanzania, the companies are 

regarded as foreign. They are registered under part XII of Cap.212. 

• The Registration procedure of this type of companies includes the submission of: 

1. Certified copies of Memorandum and Articles of Association. 

2. Notice of the location of the registered office in the country of domicile. 

3. List of Directors of the company. 

4. Persons resident in the country who are the representatives of the company 

5. Copy of the most recent accounts and related reports of the company 

a. Fees payable are US$ 500 towards registration fees and US$ 600 for 

filing 

b. Certificate of companies is issued to applicants after the process 

Note: All companies need to submit annual returns which are done in prescribed forms. 

Audited company accounts form a part of the returns. Foreign companies are required to 

file only audited balance sheets of their companies. 

Registration procedures 

1. Applicants submit a letter for name clearance; the registry clears the proposed 

name after search. The registry search is to establish: 

a. The availability or non-availability of the applied name 

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b. Desirability of such name 

2. Applicants are then advised if the name is available or not after which they 

prepare Memorandum and Articles of Association and submit the same to the 

Registrar for registration process 

3. Compliance with all requirements relating to the formation of the company is 

declared in form No: 14b, which is sworn before a Commissioner for oath. 

Particulars of directors are given through form 14a and notice of the situation of 

the registered office is also given through the same form 14a, where physical 

locations and postal addresses must be provided 

Fees Payable 

There are three types of fees payable by applicants for registration of new companies: 

Fee 

Registrations Fees 

Details 

Fees based on nominal share capital of the Company. Minimum share 

capital range is TZS 20,000 to 500,000 (US$ 12.45 to 311.24) where 

corresponding fee is TZS 50,000 (US$ 31.12). Highest band is share 

capital in excess of TZS 30,000,000 (US$ 18,674) where corresponding 

fee is TZS 300,000 (US$ 186.74) 

Filing fee TZS 45,000 (US$ 28) for the whole application, meaning TZS 15,000 

(US$ 9.34) for each document i.e. Memorandum and Articles of 

Association, Form no.14a and 14b. 

Stamp Duty 

Each copy of the Memorandum and Articles of Association is charged a 

stamp duty of TZS 5,000 (US$ 3.11) and form 14Ib is charged a stamp 

duty of TZS 1,200 (US$ 0.75). 

10.3.3. Patent Registration 

What is a Patent? 

A patent is an exclusive right granted by the Government to an inventor for a limited 

amount of time, normally 20 years from the time of filing. However, this right is only valid 

during the lifetime of the patent. When this time expires, the patent falls in the public 

domain and it can be used by anyone for commercial or any other purpose. 

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How is Patent Granted? 

An inventor or any person who has a right over an invention files a patent application 

with the office of the registrar of patents. This application should contain a title of the 

invention, description of the invention, stating the technical field under which the 

invention falls. The description should be in clear language to be understood by a person 

with an average understanding in the field such that they can work on the invention 

basing on the description. More elaboration such as drawings should be made and should 

also state what is claimed in the invention. 

Kinds of Inventions that can be protected 

In order for an invention to be protected, it must be: 

• Novel, not obvious that it should be new in the field 

• Should be of practical use 

• Must contain inventive steps. This excludes scientific theories, mathematical 

theories, discoveries of methods of medical treatment 

• Should be industrially reproducible. 

How to register a Trade and/or Service Mark 

The application for registration of a trade mark or service mark is made by filing form 

namely TM/SM2, which can be obtained from the office of the Registrar of Trade/Service 

Mark or from Trade and Service Mark agents. 

10.3.4. Industrial License 

The Industrial Licensing Division implements the National Industries Licensing and 

Registration Act No. 10 of 1967 (as amended by ACT No.13 of 1982). The act makes 

provision for orderly Promotion and Development of Industries to provide for 

Registration and Licensing of Industries. There are two methods of issuing out Industrial 

Licenses to firms, and it is dependent on whether the requesting firm goes through the 

Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) or the Board. 

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Firms with TIC Approval 

These companies are generally those with investments greater than TZS 100 million 

(US$ 62,200). These firms start at TIC (seeking exemptions), who scrutinize their 

documents, and issue a Certificate of Incentive approval. A copy of this certificate is then 

presented to the Registrar together with the appropriate BRELA forms filled in. The 

Registrar then issues and Industrial License to the firm. 

Types of Certificates 

Enterprise whose capital investment cost is lower than TZS 100 million (US $ 62,200) get 

a Certificate of Registration. These applications are approved by the registrar of 

Industries without passing through the board. Enterprise whose capital Investment is 

above TZS 100 million (US $ 62,200) qualify for Industrial License. 

Fees 

Enterprise with investment cost of over TZS 100 million pay a fee of US$ 500 or its 

equivalent in TZS. For license projects with investment cost less than TZS 100 million pay 

US$ 400 or its equivalent in TZSs for issuance of certificate of registration. 

10.3.5. Business Licensing 

The business license desk at TIC processes business licenses from Investors, issues 

Temporary business licenses for 60 days and Permanent License after Investors obtain all 

necessary documents. The Ministry of Industry and Trade provides licenses which have 

International level and Municipal issues license which has national level. 

Application Requirements for Business License: 

• Photocopy of certificate of incorporation 

• Memorandum and articles of association 

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• Proof of Tanzania citizenship e.g. photocopy of passport or birth certificate. In case 

of non- citizen, residence permit class A showing that the holder is an Investor in 

that Company/Business. 

• Lease agreement or title deed 

• TIN 

• In case the shareholders of the company are non-residents but not living in 

Tanzania, Powers of Attorney to a Citizen/Resident Permit should be submitted 

• Additional Requirements for Specific Business: 

• Customs Agency Licenses for a Clearing and Forwarding Company, Customs 

Agency License (CAL) for those applying for clearing and forwarding licenses. 

• Tourism Agency License (TALA) for those applying licenses related to tourist 

promotions e.g. Tourist Hotels, Travel Agents, Tour Operators, hunting etc. 

• Professional Certificates/Authority for all Professional Businesses. E.g. Running 

Hospitals, Dispensaries, Advocates, Pilots, Ship Captains, etc. 

• Certificate to authorize aircraft to fly (Air worthiness) or ship to sail (Sea 

worthiness) 

Note: The recently introduced Business Activities Registration Act 2007 has replaced the 

Business Licensing Act No. 25 of 1972. Under the new system, each business activity 

operating in Tanzania shall be registered permanently in the registry. The Business 

Activities Registrar can suspend a certain business activity if any of the following 

happens: 

• The business premise ceases to be useful for the intended purposes 

• The owner is convicted of any offence 

• Bankruptcy, or 

• Failure to comply with the conditions of the certificate 

Each application shall contain the following: 

1. Name of the business 

2. Date of commencement 

3. Name and nationality of owners 

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4. Nature and core of activity of the business 

5. The number of employees in the business and if the business has more than one 

branch a number of employees in each sub branch. 

6. The physical and postal address of the business 

7. Chief executive or anyone in charge in the company 

8. In the case of a subsidiary business, the name and location of the head office and 

TIN. 

10.3.6. Certificate of Incentives 

TIC issues a formal certificate of incentives. Although investments in the mining and 

petroleum sector are obliged to follow the Mining Act 1998 and Petroleum (Exploration 

and Production) Act 1980, TIC helps investors to obtain authorizations required by other 

laws to set up and operate businesses in Tanzania. 

Requirements for the Certificate of Incentives: 

• Three copies of the project business plan/feasibility study 

• One copy of the memorandum and articles of association 

• One copy of certificate of incorporation 

• Covering letter and three copies of TIC application forms 

• One copy of a company board resolution 

• One copy of an evidence of land ownership 

• One copy of an evidence of financing 

Additional Requirements for Specific Business: 

• Customs Agency Licenses for a Clearing and Forwarding Company, Customs 

Agency License (CAL) for those applying clearing and forwarding licenses. 

• Tourism Agency License (TALA) for those applying licenses related to tourist 

promotions e.g. Tourist Hotels, Travel Agents, Tour Operators, hunting etc. 

• Professional Certificates/Authority for all Professional Businesses. E.g. Running 

Hospitals, Dispensaries, Advocates, Pilots, Ship Captains, etc. 

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• Certificate to authorize aircraft to fly (Air worthiness) or ship to sail (Sea 

worthiness) 

Note: The recently introduced Business Activities Registration Act 2007 has replaced the 

Business Licensing Act No. 25 of 1972. Under the new system, each business activity 

operating in Tanzania shall be registered permanently in the registry. The Business 

Activities Registrar can suspend a certain business activity if any of the following 

happens: 

• The business premise ceases to be useful for the intended purposes 

• The owner is convicted of any offence 

• Bankruptcy, or 

• Failure to comply with the conditions of the certificate 

Each application shall contain the following: 

1. Name of the business 

2. Date of commencement 

3. Name and nationality of owners 

4. Nature and core of activity of the business 

5. The number of employees in the business and if the business has more than one 

branch a number of employees in each sub branch. 

6. The physical and postal address of the business 

7. Chief executive or anyone in charge in the company 

8. In the case of a subsidiary business, the name and location of the head office and 

TIN. 

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For further information, please contact: 

Chief Executive Officer 

Business Registration and Licensing Agency (BRELA) 

P. O. Box 9393, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania 

Tel: 2180141/2180113 

Fax: 255-22-2180371 

Email: usajili@cats-net.com 

Website: www.brela-tz.org 

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11. Other Important Processes 

11.1. TAXATION 

Tanzania has a stable and predictable fiscal regime, providing a soft landing to all 

investors. The kind of regime that recognizes the need for investors to recover their 

investment costs before paying corporate tax. The administration of various tax laws is 

entrusted to the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), a semi-autonomous government 

agency created by Act No.11 of Parliament in 1995. It is responsible for central 

government taxes and several non–tax revenues. 

Revenue departments under TRA include: 

• Domestic Revenue Department 

• Customs and Excise Department 

• Large Taxpayer Department, and 

• Tax Investigations Department 

Testimonial 

A Government Agency Leading the Way to High Performance 

“Since its inception in 1996, Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) has evolved from 

a government agency focusing only on revenue collection, into an organisation 

which gives special attention to the quality of service for its customers. TRA’s 

success is clearly manifested by an increase in revenue collection from US$ 1,575 

million in 2004/05 to US$ 3,996.5 million in 2011/12, which in turn raised the 

ratio of tax revenue contribution to GDP from 11.8% to 15.8% respectively. 

On the tax policy front, TRA has carried out reforms to review the tax laws in 

order to ensure fairness and equity, while on the tax administration side it has 

ensured convenience of paying taxes. These have included integration of 

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operations to have one-stop centres for all taxes; payment of taxes through 

commercial banks; electronic filing for both domestic and customs operations; 

and trade facilitation by streamlining customs processes, hence reducing 

clearance time at harbours and airports. All reforms are discussed with taxpayers 

through the stakeholders’ forum. 

In recognition of the success of the reforms, TRA became the first government 

agency in Tanzania to implement the Quality Management System based on the 

ISO 9001:2008 standard for service delivery, and became certified in 2008. TRA 

also was the first winner of the prestigious Continental Award for Innovative 

Management in 2010, which is jointly sponsored by African Association for Public 

Administration and Management (AAPAM) with the Commonwealth Secretariat. 

TRA, as part of the government machinery, is playing its part diligently to ensure 

that Tanzania is a preferred investment destination.” 

Harry M. Kitillya 

Commissioner General, Tanzania Revenue Authority (October 2012). 

11.2. REGISTRATION WITH DOMESTIC REVENUE AND TAX STRUCTURE 

AND ADMINISTRATION 

Registration which can be undertaken by TIC on behalf of the investor requires the 

following documents: 

• Taxpayer identification number (will be issued to a company & shareholders): 

• Certificate of registration or certificate of incorporation 

• Memorandum and articles of association 

• Certificate of incentives in the case of projects approved by TIC 

• Partnership agreement (deed), in the case of a partnership 

• Lease agreement ( Stamp Duty & Withholding Tax on Rental Income have to be 

Paid); or Title Deed 

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• Photographs of directors 

• The Shareholders will be required to be taken fingerprints and photograph at TRA 

Office (Biometric) 

• Forms to be filled include: 

• TIN forms 

• Business inquiry forms 

• Provisional Return/Assessment – Statement of Estimate Entity forms (ITX202. 01 

E) 

Taxes under the domestic revenue department include: 

• Corporate tax (30% for both resident and nonresident) 

• Withholding tax (for dividend payments, pension, insurance premium, royalties, 

transport and disposal of assets) 

• Income tax rates for individuals (the marginal rate ranges from 14 % to 30%) 

• Income tax rate for non-resident individuals (a flat rate of 20% applies) 

• Taxable value of employment benefits (generally all benefits are taxable) 

• Capital gains tax (the gain/loss upon sale realization is included in business 

income and taxed at the general rate) 

• Skills and development levy (6% of the total gross emoluments paid by employers 

to employees) 

• Gaming tax (as prescribed in the Pools and Lotteries Act, 1967) 

When a loss is incurred, such a loss is treated as an allowable deduction in ascertaining 

the total income of that person, thus a loss is carried forward indefinitely. However, the 

companies with perpetual tax losses for three consecutive years because of tax incentives 

on investments are charged 0.3% of annual turnover. 

A number of capital deductions are entitled under the Income Tax Act 2004, including 

wear and tear granted to a person who owns machinery. The Income Tax Laws allow 

100% capital expenditure to Mining & Agricultural Sectors. The Law also allows a 50% 

allowance in the first year of use for plant and machinery used in manufacturing 

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processes and fixed in a factory, fish farming, and providing services to tourists and fixed 

in a hotel. Thereafter, different wear and tear rates apply. 

11.2.1. Value Added Tax (VAT) 

Value Added Tax is a consumption tax charged by VAT Registered traders on all taxable 

goods and services at a standard rate of 18%. The VAT is a multi-stage tax levied at each 

stage of production and distribution up to the retail stage. 

VAT registration is compulsory for any business, which has a turnover that exceeds TZS 

40 million per annum or TZS 10 million in a period of 3 consecutive months is obliged to 

apply for registration to the Commissioner for Domestic Revenue. Applicants for VAT 

registration should complete form No.VAT 101. A taxpayer is required to submit a 

monthly VAT return along with the payments to the nearest regional VAT office by the last 

working day of the month following the month of business. 

11.2.2. VAT Special Relief 

Capital goods for investment do not attract VAT upfront as the VAT is relieved to allow 

investor relief of tax up front. VAT relief on any capital goods is open to all VAT registered 

and non-registered trader. 

11.2.3. VAT Refunds 

VAT refunds are made within either 30 days or 6 months from the due date depending on 

the type of taxpayer. Regular repayment traders like exporters can claim their refund 

within 30 days while other traders can get their refunds after 6 months. 

11.2.4. VAT Schedules 

There are various goods and services that are either zero rated, such as exports, or, 

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• VAT exempts/Exempt supplies: such as livestock, animal products, unprocessed 

dairy products, unprocessed agricultural products, fresh edible vegetable, fruits 

and nuts, pesticides, fertilizers, computers, oil cakes (mashudu, layers marsh, 

health supplies and tourist services). 

• Special Relief: Such as supplies to, or importation of goods or services by, 

diplomats or diplomatic missions; supplies or importation of goods or services 

under technical aid or donor funded agreement; supply of specified goods to the 

armed forces; and supply to a registered medical practitioner, optician, dentist, 

hospital or clinic or to a patient, of equipment designed solely for medical or 

prosthetic use, including ambulance and mobile health clinics. 

• Importation by or supply of capital goods to any person: importation by or 

supply to a registered water drilling company of goods to be used solely for water 

drilling; importation by or supply of railway locomotives, rolling stocks, parts, and 

accessories to a registered railways company, corporation or authority. In addition, 

importation by or supply to fire fighting vehicles to the government, or its 

agencies, etc. 

11.3. TAXES ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE 

The Customs and Excise Department administers all taxes on international trade which 

are: 

• Import duty, 

• Excise duty on imports, and 

• VAT on imports 

11.3.1. Import Duty 

The East African Community (EAC) partner states have adopted a Common External 

Tariff that is applied throughout the region with effect from 1st Jan. 2005. The Process of 

harmonizing the external tariff has resulted into charges in tariff rates and even tariff 

codes in certain areas. The rates applicable with effect from 1st January 2005 are: 

Page 132


• 0% for raw materials, capital goods, agricultural tractors, pure breeds animals, 

fertilizers and medicines. 

• 10%, for semi-finished goods, 

• 25% for finished final consumer goods 

It is levied at an ad valorem rate on the CIF value of goods imported into the country. 

11.4. AGREEMENT ON CUSTOMS VALUE (ACV) 

In Tanzania; the Customs and Excise Department has adopted the system of goods 

valuation known as Agreement on Customs Valuation (ACV). This is part of Tanzania’s 

obligation to implement World Trade Organization (WTO). The system provides for use of 

price actually paid or payable for the goods and forbids the use of arbitrary or fictitious 

customs values. 

11.4.1. Excise Duty 

This is charged on specific or ad valorem tax rate on certain imported and locally 

manufactured consumer goods. Currently, there are three ad valorem rates 10%, 15% 

and 30%. Most of the locally manufactured goods are charged excise duty. 

11.4.2. Stamp Duty 

Stamp duty is charged on certain legal instruments/ transactions, affidavits, conveyances 

& lease agreements. The rate applicable is 1% and TZS 500 (US$ 0.31) for conveyance 

and agricultural land respectively. The maximum stamp duty rate for registration of 

property for security or mortgage is TZS 10,000 (US$ 6.23). 

11.4.3. Motor Vehicle 

Transfer of motor vehicle costs TZS 50,000 (US$ 31.13). The motor vehicle registration 

and annual license fees vary depending on the engine cubic capacity of the car. 

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11.4.4. Double Taxation Agreements 

Double taxation agreements exist with Canada, Denmark, Finland, India, Italy, Norway, 

South Africa, Sweden, and Zambia. Bilateral investment treaties exist with Denmark, 

Egypt, Finland, Germany, Italy, Republic of Korea, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and 

the UK. 

11.5. INVESTMENT GUARANTEES 

Investments in Tanzania are guaranteed against nationalisation and expropriation. 

Tanzania is a signatory of several multilateral and bilateral agreements on protection and 

promotion of foreign investment. Among other international agreements and 

membership, Tanzania is a member of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 

and International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). 

11.6. BILATERAL TRADE & INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS 

Tanzania is eligible for African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). It also qualifies for 

textile and apparel benefits. The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) was signed 

into law by President Clinton in May 2000 with the objective of expanding U.S. trade and 

investment with sub-Saharan Africa, to stimulate economic growth, to encourage 

economic integration, and to facilitate sub-Saharan Africa's integration into the global 

economy. 

At the centre of AGOA are substantial trade preferences that, along with those under the 

Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), allow virtually all marketable goods produced 

in AGOA-eligible countries to enter the U.S. market duty-free. 

Trade Agreements: The U.S. signed Trade and Investment Framework Agreements 

(TIFA) with the East African Community (EAC) in 2008 and with the Common Market for 

Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) in 2001. Tanzania is a member of both regional 

organizations. 

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11.7. SETTLEMENTS OF COMMERCIAL DISPUTES 

Disputes arising between the Government and investors are settled harmoniously 

through negotiations. Otherwise, they may be submitted to arbitration based on: 

• Arbitration laws of Tanzania for investors 

• Rules of procedure for arbitration of the ICSID 

• Within the framework of any bilateral or multilateral agreement on investment 

protection agreed by Tanzania and the government where the investor originates 

11.8. FIRE AND RESCUE COMPLIANCE 

Premises of all organisations are required by the Fire and Rescue Services Act 1985 to be 

inspected and certified by the Fire and Rescue Force under the Ministry of Home Affairs. 

Investors need to be informed of this requirement. 

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12. Appendices 

Appendix A - Tanzania Fact Sheet 

Official Name 

United Republic of Tanzania 

Head of State Hon. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (2005-2015) 

Population 44.9 Million. National census (2012) 

Geographical Area 

Geographical Location 

Climatic Condition 

Currency 

Languages 

GDP 

Religions 

947,300 km²: The world's 31st-largest country 

East Africa: Between latitudes 1° and 12°S, and longitudes 

29° and 41°E. 

Tropical in most areas and temperate in highlands 

Tanzania Shilling 

English & Swahili as two official languages, plus 120+ tribal 

languages 

USD 28.3 Billion. World Bank 2012 Estimates 

Christians, Muslims, and Indigenous beliefs 

Local Time GMT +3:00 

Electrical Voltage 

220V 

Country Telephone Code 00255 

Road Side of Driving 

Visa 

Bordering Countries 

Capital/Political City 

Principal Commercial & 

Administrative City 

Left 

Required by all natives except Commonwealth and residents 

whose countries have agreements with Tanzania under 

which the visa requirement is waived 

Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the 

Democratic Republic of Congo to the west, and Zambia, 

Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. 

Dodoma 

Dar Es Salaam 

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Appendix B – List of Official Public Holidays 

1st January 

12th January 

Date Varies 

Date Varies 

Date Varies 

Date Varies 

7th April 

26th April 

1st May 

7th July 

8th August 

Date Varies 

14th October 

9th December 

Date Varies 

25th December 

26th December 

New Year's Day 

Zanzibar Revolution Day 

Maulid Day 

Good Friday 

Easter 

Easter Monday 

(Karume) Day 

Union Day 

May Day 

Sabasaba Day 

Nanenane Farmer's Day 

Eid El Fitr 

Nyerere Day 

Independence and Republic Day 

Eid El Haj 

Christmas Day 

Boxing Day 

Page 137


Appendix C – Main Annual Trade Exhibitions 

Note: Below is 2012-trade shows calendar. Prospective participants are advised to 

double-check if interested with attending the same shows for the forthcoming years, as 

some of these shows happen annually while others happen infrequently. 

East African Trade Exhibition Fair 

Description: 

Date: 

Location: 

EATE attracts predominantly managing directors, managers, design 

and production engineers, technical managers, purchasers and sales 

and marketing directors from all key industry sectors. Important 

visitor industry sectors include packaging, plastics, printing, food, 

agriculture, pharmaceutical, medical, I.T., Industries, textiles, paper 

and consumer. A total of 140 exhibitors from over 30 countries visit 

the leading exhibition for Multi-Sector Products & Machinery, 

Printing, Packaging & Plastics products, Food, Hotel & Agricultural 

products & machinery, Medical Equipment, I.T. & Electronic 

products as well as consumer products 

24 th to 26 th May 

Dar es Salaam 

Karibu Fair 

Description: 

Date: 

Location: 

Karibu is the leading travel trade event in East Africa. Originally 

created to promote Tanzania, it’s now a regional event that also 

features many products and delegates from Kenya, Uganda and 

Rwanda. Karibu’s major function is one of a relationship broker who 

targets, attracts and matches the needs of buyers and suppliers. Key 

participants include camping equipment, food suppliers, furniture 

providers, printing companies, safari gear providers, gemstone 

suppliers, financial institutions, wine and spirit manufactures ad 

distributors, vehicle distributors, etc. 

31 st May to 2 nd June 

Arusha 

Dar es Salaam International Trade Fair (Saba-Saba) 

Description: 

Agricultural products - Food and Beverages. - Textiles, garments and 

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Date: 

Location: 

yarns. - Manufactured products. - Information and Communication 

Technology. - Construction materials - Automobiles - Electrical 

goods and appliances - Farm implements - Chemicals and cosmetics. 

- Timber and furniture - Trade services - Engineering products - 

Machinery - Computer software - Gift articles and handicrafts - Etc 

1st to 7th July 

Dar es Salaam 

Farmer’s Trade Show 

Description: 

Date: 

Agribusiness products and services 

1st to 8th August 

Location: 7 zones: Northern-Arusha, Eastern-Morogoro, Lake-Mwanza, 

Highland-Mbeya, Southern-Lindi and Songea, Western-Tabora, and 

Central-Dodoma 

Medipharm Tanzania 

Description: Medical, Pharmacy, Surgical & Healthcare Products 

Date: 21 September 2012 to 23 September 2012 

Location: 

Dar es Salaam 

Tanzania Trade Show 

Description: House wares, Home Appliances & Household Consumables 


Location: 

Dar es Salaam 

Buildint Tanzania 

Description: Building Construction Material, Equipment and Sanitary ware 


Location: 

Dar es Salaam 

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Appendix D – Sources of Further Information 

Prime Minister’s Office 

Magogoni Street 

P.O. Box 3021 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 2117249-58 

Fax: 255 22 2112850 

Website: www.pmo.go.tz 


Labour, Employment and Youth 

Development 

Hifadhi House, Azikiwe Street 

P.O. Box 1422, 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 2110889/2110877 

Fax: 255 22 211 3082 

Website: www.kazi.go.tz 


Ministry of Infrastructure Development 

P.O. Box 9144 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 222 122 268 

Fax: 255 222 122 079 

Email: permsec@infrastructure.go.tz 

Website: www.infrastructure.go.tz 


Ministry of Lands, Housing and 

Human Settlements Development 

Kivukoni Front 

P.O. Box 9132 

Dar es Salaam. 

Tel. 255 22 2121241-9 

Fax: 255 22 2124576 

Website: www.ardhi.go.tz 



P.O. Box 9111 

Dar es Salaam. 

Tel. 255 22 2111174-6 

Fax: 255 22 2110326 

Email: mof@mof.go.tz 

Website: www.mof.go.tz 


Ministry of Foreign Affairs and 

International Cooperation 


P.O. Box 9000 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 2111906/12 

Fax: 255 22 2116600 

Email: nje@foreign.go.tz 

Website: www.mfaic.go.tz 


Ministry of Industry, Trade and Marketing 

NSSF Waterfront Building 

P.O. Box 9503 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 22127871 

Fax: 255 22 22125832 

Email: mit@mit.go.tz 

Website: www.mit.go.tz 

Permanent Secretary, 

Ministry of Planning, Economy and 

Empowerment 

P.O. Box 9242 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2112681/3 

Fax: 255 2115519/2116728 

Email: ps@plancom.go.tz 

Website: www.tanzania.go.tz/planning 

Page 140



Ministry of Justice & Constitutional 

Affairs 


P.O. Box 9050 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 2118178 

Fax: 255 22 2113236 

Email: dag@africaonline 


Ministry of Energy and Minerals 

Mkwepu Street/Sokoine Drive 

P.O. Box 2000 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 2117156-9 

Fax: 255 22 2116719 


Ministry of Health and Social Welfare 

P.O. Box 9083 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2120261/7 

Fax: 255 22 2139951 

Website: www.moh.go.tz 

Email: moh@moh.go.tz 


Ministry of Livestock Development 

P.O. Box 9152 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2861910 

Fax: 255 22 2861908 

Website: www.mifugo.go.tz 


Ministry of Natural Resources and 

Tourism 

P.O Box 9352 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 213 2302 

Fax: 255 22 211 3082 

Email: info@tourismtanzania.go.tz 

Website: www.tourismtanzania.go.tz 


Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security 

and Co-operatives 

P.O Box 9192 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2862480 

Fax: 255 22 2862481 

Email: psk@kilimo.go.tz 

Website: www.kilimo.go.tz 


Ministry of Education and Vocational 

Training 

P. O. Box 9121 

Dar es Salaam 

Fax: 255 22 2113271 

Tel: 255 22 2120403/2120412 

Email: psmoevt@moe.go.tz 

Website: www.moe.go.tz 


Ministry of Water 

P.O. Box 9153 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2450838/40/41 

Fax: 255 22 224514/64 

website: www.maji.go.tz 

email: psmwld@maji.go.tz 

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Ministry of East African Cooperation 

P.O. Box 9280 

Dar-es-Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2126827/2126830 

Fax: 255 22 2126651 

Website: www.meac.go.tz 


Ministry of Home Affairs 

P.O. Box 9223 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel No: 255 22 2119050/2112036 

Fax: 255 22 2119050 

Website: www.moha.go.tz 

E-mail: permsec@moha.go.tz 

Governor 

Bank of Tanzania (BoT) 

Mirambo Street 

P.O. Box 2939 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 211 0945-51 

Fax: 255 22 211 7342 /211 9345 

E-mail: info@hq.bot-tz.org 

Website: www.bot-tz.org 

Director General, 

Tanzania Ports Authority (TPA) 

P.O. Box 9184, 

Bandari road, Kurasini, 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2110401/9 or 2117816 

Fax: 255 22 2113938 or 2113432 

Email: prm@tanzaniaports.com 

Website: www.tanzaniaports.com 

Managing Director 

Tanzania Petroleum Development 

Corporation (TPDC) 

Executive Director 

Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) 

P.O. Box 938 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 211 6328-32 

Fax: 255 22 211 8253 

E-mail: information@tic.co.tz 

Website: www.tic.co.tz 


Business Registration and Licensing 

Agency (BRELA) 

Cooperative Bldg, Lumumba Str 

P.O. Box 9393, Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2180141/2180130 

Fax: 255 22 218 0371 

E-mail: usajili@intafrica.com 

Website: www.brela-tz.org 

Director General 

Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) 

Morogoro Road, Ubungo 

Dar es Salaam 

P.O. Box 9524 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2450298/2450949 

Fax: 255 22 245 0959 

Website: http: www.tbs-tz.org 


Tanzania Food And Drugs Authority 

(TFDA) 

P.O. Box 77150 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2450512, 2450751 

Fax: 255 22 2450793 

Email: info@tfda.or.tz 

Website: www.tfda.or.tz 


Capital Market and Securities 

Authority (CMSA) 

Page 142


P.O. Box 2774 

Tel: 255 22 226452/2118535-6 

Fax: 255 22 2129663 

Dar es Salaam 

Email: tpdcmd@tpdc-tz.com 

Website: www.tpdc-tz 


Tanzania Tourist Board (TTB) 

P.O. Box 2485 

Dar es Salaam 

IPS Building, 

Azikiwe Street, 

Tel: 255 22 211 1244 

Fax: 255 22 211 6420. 

Website: www.tanzaniatouristboard.com 


TCRA 

Mawasiliano Towers, 

Mandela Road 

P.O Box 474 Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2118947/52; 

0744720411 

Fax: 255 22 2116664 

E-Mail: dg@tcra.go.tz 

Website: www.tcra.go.tz 

Commissioner General 

Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) 

P.O. Box 11491 

Sokoine Drive Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2119591-4 

Fax: 255 22 2126 908 

Email: info@tra.go.tz 

Website: www.tra.go.tz 

PPF Tower, Ohio Street/Garden Ave 

P.O. Box 75713 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel. 255 22 211 3903/211 4959-61 

Fax: 255 22 211 3846 

E-mail: cap-markets@cats-net.com 


Fair Competition Commission 

Ubungo Plaza 

Dar es Salaam 

P.O. Box 7883 

Dar es Salaam 

Tel: 255 22 2122479 

Fax: 255 22 2122449 

Commissioner of Insurance 

Insurance Supervision Department 


P.O. Box 9892 

Dar es Salaam 

Tanzania 

Tel: 255 222 132 537/ 2 116 120 

Fax: 255 222 132 539 

Email: isd@africaonline.co.tz 

Website: www.isd.co.tz 

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Appendix E – Tanzania Missions Abroad 

Tanzania Consulate in Abuja, Nigeria 

Tanzania Consulate in Amsterdam, Netherlands 

Tanzania Consulate in Bangkok, Thailand 

Tanzania Consulate in Dhaka, Bangladesh 

Tanzania Consulate in Dubai, United Arab Emirates 

Tanzania Consulate in Istanbul, Turkey 

Tanzania Consulate in London, United Kingdom 

Tanzania Consulate in Luanda, Angola 

Tanzania Consulate in Manila, Philippines 

Tanzania Consulate in Melbourne, Australia 

Tanzania Consulate in Milan, Italy 

Tanzania Consulate in Mombasa, Kenya 

Tanzania Consulate in Nairobi, Kenya 

Tanzania Consulate in Otterup, Denmark 

Tanzania Consulate in Perth, Australia 

Tanzania Consulate in Rome, Italy 

Tanzania Consulate in Ruwi, Oman 

Tanzania Consulate in Seoul, South Korea 

Tanzania Embassy in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 

Tanzania Embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 

Tanzania Embassy in Beijing, China 

Tanzania Embassy in Berlin, Germany 

Tanzania Embassy in Brussels, Belgium 

Tanzania Embassy in Cairo, Egypt 

Tanzania Embassy in Comoro 

Tanzania Embassy in Geneva, Switzerland 

Tanzania Embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe 

Tanzania Embassy in Kampala, Uganda 

Page 144


Tanzania Embassy in Kigali, Rwanda 

Tanzania Embassy in Kinshasa, Congo - Republic of 

Tanzania Embassy in Lagos, Nigeria 

Tanzania Embassy in Lusaka, Zambia 

Tanzania Embassy in Maputo, Mozambique 

Tanzania Embassy in Moscow, Russia 

Tanzania Embassy in New Delhi, India 

Tanzania Embassy in Ottawa, Canada 

Tanzania Embassy in Paris, France 

Tanzania Embassy in Pretoria, South Africa 

Tanzania Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 

Tanzania Embassy in Rome, Italy 

Tanzania Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden 

Tanzania Embassy in Tokyo, Japan 

Tanzania Embassy in Washington, D.C., United States 

Page 145


Appendix F – Foreign Missions in Tanzania 

Algeria Germany Malawi 

Angola Ghana Mali 

Australia Greece Mexico 

Austria Guyana Mongolia 

Bangladesh Holy See (Vatican) Morocco 

Belgium Hungary Mozambique 

Botswana Iceland Namibia 

Burundi India Nepal 

Cameroon Indonesia Netherlands 

Canada Iran New Zealand 

China Ireland Nicaragua 

Cote D'Ivoire Israel Niger 

Cuba Italy Nigeria 

Cyprus Jamaica Norway 

Czech Republic Japan Oman 

Denmark Kenya Palestine 

Democratic Republic of Congo North Korea Poland 

Egypt South Korea Portugal 

Eritrea Lesotho Romania 

Ethiopia Liberia Russia 

Finland Libya Rwanda 

France 

Page 146


Appendix G – Tanzania Africa Map 

Page 147

2013 Investors guide to tanzania - Tanzania Investment Centre

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